ABSTRACT
Introduction. This study aims to determine whether the librarian's communication style at the State Islamic University Library of Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi affects the interest of visiting visitors. This is based on the importance of communication which is a basic need of humans as social beings, and an important part of the library, especially in serving users.
Data Collection Method. This study uses quantitative methods with data collection techniques used, namely questionnaires, observation, and documentation. The questionnaire in this study used a Likert scale. The population of this research is 8129 active students and the sample used is 99. The sample technique of this research uses incidental sampling technique.
Data Analysis. The data analysis technique used descriptive data analysis with simple regression analysis techniques. To determine the presence or absence of influence in this study using hypothesis testing.
Result and Discussion. The results of this study are the librarian's communication style variable obtained a score percentage of 78.29% which means that the influence of the librarian's communication style is in the very high category. The variable of visiting interest obtained a percentage score of 80.24%, which means that visiting interest is in the high category. Based on the results of the regression test, there is an influence between the librarian's communication style on visiting visitors' interest. This is shown by the linear regression equation Y = 6.510 + 0.808X and the t value of 8,985 and the significant value of 0.001. The regression results can be seen that the t value is 8,985 with a significant value of 0,000 <0.10, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted.
Conclusions. Based on the research that has been done on the strong relationship between the librarian's communication style and visiting interest. With the librarian's communication style provided, it makes it easy for users to communicate with librarians to meet the information needs needed by the users.


Professional and student counselors must develop and maintain their counseling skills in order to engage in ethical and effective counseling. Recent research suggests that graduate education and supervision has little effect on client outcomes. Investigations of expertise development have given rise to deliberate practice, a framework which structures skill development research and instruction. Deliberate practice involves individualized coaching, repetition, and solo practice in development of optimal performance. This conceptual article introduces deliberate practice as a framework for enhancing effectiveness of counselor education and supervision practices. Applications of deliberate practice to teaching and supervision and suggestions for future research are provided. What is the public significance of this article?: Counseling pedagogy uses a variety of methods in classrooms and supervision to help novice counselors develop key skills for their work. Deliberate Practice may be an effective method to help counselors develop more effective skills for working with their clients. Deliberate Practice provides a unified framework to help integrate common methods across teaching and supervision, and emphasizes the use of repetitive practice and individualized feedback.


Abstract Cadherin-mediated specific cell adhesion is an important process in brain development as well as in synaptic plasticity in the adult brain. In this study the authors quantified mRNA levels of N-cadherin and cadherin-11 in different brain regions for the first time. In hippocampus N-cadherin mRNA levels were very high at embryonic stages and decreased during further development, whereas cadherin-11 mRNA levels were highest at postnatal stages. However, N-cadherin protein level was not altered during hippocampal development and cadherin-11 protein was low at embryonic but high at postnatal and adult stages. In cultured hippocampal neurons both cadherins became colocalized and recruited to synaptic sites during ongoing differentiation, with especially high accumulation of cadherin-11 at synapses. These data hint at a critical role of N-cadherin at early embryonic stages and early synaptogenesis, whereas cadherin-11 might be more important for further stabilization of synapses in the postnatal period and adulthood.


A recent result of Ding, Lee and Peres (2012) expressed the cover time of the random walk on a graph in terms of generic chaining for the commute distance. Their argument is based on Dynkin's isomorphism theorem. The purpose of this article is to present an alternative approach to this problem, based only on elementary hitting time estimates and chaining arguments.


Lung function testing is important tool of the evaluation patients with lung cancer, candidates for surgical treatment. Based on the scope of the planned resection and the result of bronchofiberoscopy there is possible to calculate the expected postoperative value of lung function (ppoFEV1, ppoDLCO), but reliability of such estimation is still under discussion. The aim of the study was to evaluate lung function in the postoperative out-patient observation and compliance with the predictions. The analysis included 42 operated pts (mean age 64,3±8,8 yrs, 23 M) who underwent spirometry before resection and after 3 and 6 months during the out-patient follow-up. The people undergoing additional chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were excluded from the assessment. Lobectomy was performed in 39 pts (28 upper, 11 lower one), pneumonectomy in 3 pts. Mean FEV1 value before surgery and 3 and 6 months after was 2,36±0,49 L (88,0±18,3%), 1,79±0,45 L (67,2±18,6%) and 1,84±0,47 L (68,9±18,1%) respectively. The significant correlation between ppoFEV1 (1.93±0.55 L, 73.1±18.3%) and measured values was revealed, amounting to 0,72 and 0,76 respectively for the study in 3 and 6 months after surgery. Detailed analysis showed that the correlation was higher in group of patients after lower than upper lobectomy: 0,85 vs 0,73 at 6 months after resection. Conclusion: In studied group mean value FEV1 measured in the postoperative follow-up at 3 and 6 months after resection shown good agreement with ppoFEV1, however better for patients who underwent lower lobectomy, poorer for upper resection.


Abstract : The strength of the Marxist-Leninist leadership of our Party, and the effectiveness of its strategy and tactics, have always consisted in the ability correctly to determine the main trend in social development and the essence of each concrete moment therein. In the absence of a knowledge of the basic trends and objective laws of the development of society it is impossible to determine that concrete stage in which the social process is taking place. On the other band, if one knows only the general trend of developing events and does not determine the concrete stage in this current of historical existence, it is impossible accurately to say how to act at the given historical moment -- what tactics to use, and what immediate goals can and must be posed. The profound theoretical and practical significance of the decisions of the 21st Congress of the CPSU consist in the fact that they provided a clear definition of the main trend in our development toward communism and elucidated the essence, nature and tasks of the new period in the development of our country -- the period of the expanded building of a communist society. The elaboration of the problems of the transition to communism is an important contribution made by the congress to the depository of Marxism-Leninism. M.S. Krushchev's report to the congress explained the concept of the gradual transition to communism and showed the objective laws governing the inauguration of the new period in our communist building. The first phase of the new social system -- socialism -- developing in accordance with these laws, prepares the second phase -- communism. The conclusions of the congress enrich Marxist- Leninist theory and constitute a testimony to its triumph.


An approximate, but general, analytical result for the sorptivity of a soil is derived. It provides an estimate of the sorptivity when ponding occurs at the soil surface, or when the diffusivity is infinite at saturation. Two earlier results appear as limiting cases of this general result. Its accuracy is also checked by comparison with the only exact solution available at present.


In this paper, a texture feature based bark classification method is presented. Our method uses two types of texture features: the co-occurrence matrix feature and the long connection length emphasis (LCLE) feature, which is extracted from the binary bark image. For the extraction of binary texture maps, an improved wavelet-based edge detection algorithm is proposed. It includes two binarization steps and a post-processing step. The paper also presents an approach to combine two feature sets. Experiments on 18 different tree species, and in total 90 bark images, show that a combination of these two feature sets can achieve a much higher bark classification rate than that when each feature set is utilized individually.


Many cytoskeletal proteins form the core of fundamental biological processes and are evolutionarily ancient. For example, the superfamily of actin-related proteins (Arps) specialized early in eukaryotic evolution for diverse cellular roles in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Despite its strict conservation across eukaryotes, we find that the Arp superfamily has undergone dramatic lineage-specific diversification in Drosophila. Our phylogenomic analyses reveal four independent Arp gene duplications that originated in the common ancestor of the obscura group of Drosophila species and have been mostly preserved in this lineage. All four Arp paralogs have evolved under positive selection and are predominantly expressed in the male germline. We focus our analyses on the divergent Arp2D paralog, which arose via a retroduplication event from Arp2, a component of the 7-membered Arp2/3 complex that polymerizes branched actin networks. Computational modeling analyses suggest that Arp2D should be able to replace Arp2 in the Arp2/3 complex and bind daughter actin monomers, suggesting that Arp2D may augment Arp2's functions in the male germline. We find that Arp2D is expressed during and following meiosis in the male germline, where it localizes to distinct locations such as actin cones–pecialized cytoskeletal structures that separate bundled spermatids into individual mature sperm. We hypothesize that this unprecedented burst of genetic innovation in cytoskeletal proteins may have been driven by the evolution of sperm heteromorphism in the obscura group of Drosophila.


Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in Israel, and a leading cause of death among women regardless of their ethnic origin. However, younger ages at diagnosis, larger primary tumor size, and lower 5-year survival rate have been reported among Arab women compared with the Jewish women. Arabs have a high rate of parental consanguinity, ranging from 25% to 60% in different countries in the Middle East. Consanguinity leads to a higher probability of sharing alleles identical-by-descent and increased risks for autosomal recessive disorders.

Methods: Genome-wide analysis of germline DNA from 32 breast cancer patients and 26 first degree relatives was performed using the Affymetrix Human SNP Array 6.0 or the Illumina CytoSNP12 genotyping platform. Probands were screened for mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 to exclude common forms of inherited susceptibility. Genotype data were analyzed using PLINK to screen for runs of homozygosity of at least 500 kilobases.

Results: Long runs of homozygosity were observed in five samples, including two consanguineous Arab and 3 Ashkenazi Jewish probands. The largest region of homozygosity was on chromosome 10q23.1-25.3 which harbors several important candidate genes, including the tumor suppressor gene PTEN.

Conclusion: Preliminary analysis of breast cancer patients from consanguineous families of Arab or Jewish descent provide suggestive evidence of recessive susceptibility to breast cancer.

Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5612. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5612


The term information war (IW) helped describe one aspect of the unfolding revolution in military affairs in the 1990s. Today, technological developments are integrating the data processing capabilities of machines and the mind in ways not possible a decade ago. As a result, the old IW paradigm may no longer be applicable, making other potential paradigms and terms worthy of consideration . As the future unfolds, it will be interesting to see if Pentagon theorists use IW or a new term to express a threat to the security of the country, a category of wa rfare, a method of defense or influence, or leave the concept alone as a conceptual umbrella for a host of terms. Or, will the Pentagon simply update IW theory, perhaps developing Information Peace or Mind-Machine concepts that complement IW?


A preliminary study of structural concepts for noncircular fuselage configurations is presented. For an unconventional flying-wing type aircraft, in which the fuselage is inside the wing, multiple fuselage bays with non-circular sections need to be considered. In a conventional circular fuselage section, internal pressure is carried efficiently by a thin skin via hoop tension. If the section is non-circular, internal pressure loads also induce large bending stresses. The structure must also withstand additional bending and compression loads from aerodynamic and gravitational forces. Flat and vaulted shell structural configurations for such an unconventional, non-circular pressurized fuselage of a large flying-wing were studied. A deep honeycomb sandwich-shell and a ribbed double-wall shell construction were considered. Combinations of these structural concepts were analyzed using both analytical and simple finite element models of isolated sections for a comparative conceptual study. Weight, stress, and deflection results were compared to identify a suitable configuration for detailed analyses. The flat sandwich-shell concept was found preferable to the vaulted shell concept due to its superior buckling stiffness. Vaulted double-skin ribbed shell configurations were found to be superior due to their weight savings, load diffusion, and fail-safe features. The vaulted double-skin ribbed shell structure concept was also analyzed for an integrated wing-fuselage finite element model. Additional problem areas such as wing-fuselage junction and pressure-bearing spar were identified.


Internationalization is a growing priority for professions, universities and governments around the globe. This has led to increased numbers of health and social care students participating in international practice education experiences. This study identifies enablers and challenges to participation in international practicum education through a case study. The case involves one occupational therapy programme and its international partners, and investigates the perspectives of students, university personnel and preceptor stakeholders. Challenges included: lack of financial support, limited placement availability, and procedural complexity. Enablers included: external financial support, champions for the concept, international connections, and access to the appropriate communication technology. Practical insights that may be relevant for enabling student participation in international education experiences are highlighted.


Colombia is home to the longest-running guerilla war in this hemisphere, a war that has evolved into a multisided conflict. Why has Colombia's internal war become so entrenched? Why have peace efforts failed to produce durable agreements? Why has Colombia's long-standing democracy experienced such glaring failures? Who should be held accountable for the violence suffered by the Colombian people? "Peace, Democracy, and Human Rights in Colombia" addresses these pressing questions and delves deeply into the underlying politics and bedrock human rights issues in Colombia. Authored by leading Colombian and U.S. scholars, the chapters examine Colombia's attempts at negotiating peace, the weakening of political institutions, patterns of violence, and human-rights politics. Contributors also consider the influential role played by the United States and the impact of drugs on politics. For scholars, this timely collection provides a theoretical understanding of human rights violations, corruption, political fragmentation, and reform. Policy makers will find careful analyses and debate about policy outcomes and alternatives, as well as recommendations for action to protect rights, strengthen democracy, and pursue peace. Students will find a route to understanding the history and dynamics of Colombia's contemporary challenges of human rights, democracy, and peace.


This research identifies the requirement used to visualize Air Pollution Index in Malaysia (ApiMAS). Air pollution is a worldwide issue in the area of environment and health, especially in developing countries, which calls for crucial part of governments to implement solutions to solve air quality issues. Most people are unaware and not alert of particle pollution levels that can affect their health. When pollution information is incompatible, the lack of information sharing causes difficulties to the people. This research focuses on the on-site of Kuala Lumpur. Data visualization is most suitable for researchers to analyze, discover, and monitor performance through graphs, charts, or pictographs that can represent the data for information virtualization. The Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) model which is used as the methodology has four phases including business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, and modelling. This research output is an interactive design dashboard for information visualization that is necessary for researchers, public users, and technologists. In conclusion, interactive dashboard ApiMAS may assist its users with prolific knowledge provided in the dashboard.


PURPOSE
To investigate how frequently Advanced Practice Nurses (APN) assess and document risk factors for child abuse and neglect (CAN) during family assessments and what risk factors are documented.

METHOD
APNs were surveyed to determine what risk factors are documented in their clinical practice. The survey questionnaire was adapted from the Parenting Profile Assessment (PPA) developed by Anderson (1987) and included 20 risk factors that are highly predictive of parental potential for abusive behavior. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, and percentages and frequency distributions were calculated for each risk factor.

FINDINGS
While 10 of the 20 risk factors were documented on over 50% of the time, eight risk factors were documented on less than 40% of family assessments. Of the 87 respondents, 63% stated that they have reported one or more incidences of suspected child abuse.

CONCLUSIONS
These findings demonstrate a deficit of knowledge and comprehension of the significance of key risk factors for CAN.


Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measuring IgG-, IgA-, and IgM-class antibodies to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides, we studied responses of debilitated patients 71 to 95 years of age (average, 85 years) in nursing homes to 14-valent pneumococcal vaccine. A control group consisting of normal adults 23 to 41 years of age (average, 27 years) was used for comparison. Normal adults at 28 days postvaccination showed rises in IgG-, IgA-, and IgM-class antibodies to nearly all capsular polysaccharides. The IgG- and IgA-class antibody responses of the elderly patients did not differ significantly from those of the normal adults in most instances. IgM-class responses of the elderly subjects were poor and were significantly lower than those of the control group for six of 14 serotypes. Overall, these studies demonstrate that elderly patients, like healthy younger adults, mount a polyclonal antibody response to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.


Exposure to chronic stressors results in dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and a disruption in reproduction. CRH, the principal regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis induces the secretion of ACTH from the pituitary, which stimulates adrenal steroidogenesis via the specific cell-surface melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R). Previously, we demonstrated that MC2R(-/-) mice had undetectable levels of corticosterone despite high ACTH levels. Here, we evaluated the reproductive functions of female MC2R(-/-) mice and analyzed the mechanism of the disrupted cyclicity of these mice. The expression of CRH in the paraventricular nucleus was significantly increased in MC2R(-/-) mice under nonstressed conditions. Although MC2R(-/-) females were fertile, they showed a prolonged estrous cycle. After hormonal stimulation, MC2R(-/-) females produced nearly-normal numbers of eggs, but slightly less than MC2R(+/-) females, and showed near-normal ovarian histology. During diestrus, the number of GnRH-positive cells in the medial preoptic area was significantly reduced in MC2R(-/-) females. CRH type 1 receptor antagonist restored estrous cyclicity in MC2R(-/-) females. Kisspeptin-positive areas in the arcuate nucleus were comparable, whereas kisspeptin-positive areas in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus in MC2R(-/-) females were significantly reduced compared with MC2R(+/-) females, suggesting that arcuate nucleus kisspeptin is not involved, but anteroventral periventricular nucleus kisspeptin may be involved, in the maintenance of estrous cyclicity. Our findings show that high levels of hypothalamic CRH disturb estrous cyclicity in the female animals and that the MC2R(-/-) female is a unique animal model of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea.


The paper describes the design and implementation in MPI of the parallel vector library CVL, which is used as the basis for implementing nested data-parallel languages such as NESL and Proteus. We outline the features of CVL, and compare the ease of writing and debugging the portable MPI implementation with our experiences writing previous versions in CM-2 Paris, CM-5 CMMD, and PVM 3.0. We give initial performance results for MPI CVL running on the SP-1, Paragon, and CM-5, and compare them with previous versions of CVL running on the CM-2, CM-5, and Cray C90. We discuss the features of MPI that helped and hindered the effort, and make a plea for better support for certain primitives. Finally, we discuss the design limitations of CVL when implemented on current RISC based MPP architectures, and outline our plans to overcome this by using MPI as a compiler target.<<ETX>>


Sydney, with many of its heritage buildings and monuments constructed as a result of the first European settlement in the 1800s, is a city built on a large block of sandstone. Although many ofthese buildings are still strong and sound, signs of deterioration have beco me evident in recent years. In order to prevent these precious buildings from further degradation, the weathering mechanisms of the stones must be thoroughly understood before suitable protection measures can be implemented. In this study, four techniques have been selected to detect chemical and physical differences between weathered and unweathered sandstones Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS).


THE EFFECT OF THE PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION ON NON-NEWTONIAN TURBULENT SLURRY FLOW IN PIPES The handling of solid-liquid suspensions is an important concern within the chemical and processing industries and many theoretical models have been proposed to try and explain and predict turbulent flow behaviour. However, the prediction of turbulent flow from only the viscous properties of non-Newtonian suspensions has over the years been questioned by researchers. This thesis considers theoretical models well established in the literature and the Slatter model, which uses both the rheology of the suspension and the particle size distribution of the solids. These models are used to analyze the experimental data and the effect that particle size and the particle size distribution has on turbulent flow behaviour. The literature concerning the rheological fundamentals relevant to fluid flow in pipes has been examined. The Newtonian turbulent flow model as well as the non-Newtonian models of Dodge & Metzner, Torrance, Kemblowski & Kolodziejski, Wilson & Thomas and Slatter have been reviewed. Test work was conducted at the University of Cape Town's Hydrotransport Research Laboratory using a pumped recirculating pipe test rig. The test apparatus has been fully described and calibration and test procedures to enable collecting of accurate pipeline data have been presented. Three slurries were used in test work namely kaolin clay, mixture I (kaolin clay and rock flour) and mixture 2 (kaolin clay, rock flour and sand) with ad,s particle size ranging from 24/Lm to 170/Lm. The yield pseudoplastic model has been used to model and predict the laminar flow of the suspensions that were tested and the meth9J adopted by Neill (1988) has been used to determine the rheological constants. The pipeline test results have been presented as pseudoshear diagrams together with the theoretical model lines providing a visual appraisal of the performance of each model. The Slatter model predicts the test data best with the other theoretical models that were considered tending to under predict the head loss. The reason the Slatter model performs better than the other theoretical models is because this model can account for the wall roughness and particle roughness effect. Evidence to support this statement has been presented. This thesis highlights the fact that the particle size distribution is a vitally important property of the suspension and that it does influence turbulent flow behaviour. It shows that turbulence modelling using the particle roughness effect (eg Slatter, 1994) is valid and can be adopted for non-Newtonian slurries. It is concluded that the particle size distribution must be used to determine the particle roughness effect and this effect must be incorporated in the turbulent flow analysis of non-Newtonian slurries.


Metal-based additive manufacturing processes require a supporting of overhanging part areas during the powder solidification e. g. for improving the heat dissipation to the substrate. Technology users nowadays strive to reduce support areas due to economical aspects, while simultaneously enhancing the process stability by maximizing the support stiffness. For the simplification and acceleration of this support design procedure, the presented work describes a methodology for optimizing support structures by means of finite element models. Thereby, the main approaches are covering a fractal adaptation of the support layout and an optimization of block supports depending on the calculation results. The presented methods were applied by using experimental components.


The rhodium(III)-catalyzed regioselective alkylation of (hetero)arenes using cyclopropanols as a reactive and efficient coupling partner under oxidative conditions has been developed. This coupling occurred at room temperature via C-H activation of arenes and C-C cleavage of cyclopropanols. Various types of (hetero)arenes (indolines, carbazole, tetrahydrocarbazole, pyrrole, thiophene, etc.) were all successfully reacted under the present conditions. This protocol provides the facile and efficient construction of C7-alkylated indoline scaffolds.


BACKGROUND AND AIMS
In symptomatic patients with ileoanal pouches, pouchoscopy is needed for accurate diagnosis, but is invasive. We aimed to assess the utility of non-invasive gastrointestinal ultrasound and faecal calprotectin in ileoanal pouch patients.

METHODS
Patients with an ileoanal pouch were consecutively enrolled in this cross-sectional study from clinics in Victoria, Australia. The pouchitis disease activity index was used as a reference standard. Video-recorded pouchoscopies were reviewed by three gastroenterologists. Pouch, pre-pouch and cuff biopsies were reviewed by a single pathologist. Ultrasound was performed by a single gastroenterologist transabdominally and transperineally. Faecal calprotectin was measured from morning stool samples. All examiners were blinded to patients' clinical history.

RESULTS
44 participants had a pouchoscopy, of whom 43 had a faecal calprotectin and 42 had an ultrasound. 17 had pouchitis, 15 had pre-pouch ileitis, and 16 had cuffitis. Pouch wall thickness of <3 mm was 88% sensitive at excluding pouchitis, and pouch wall thickness of ≥4 mm was 87% specific at diagnosing pouchitis. Transabdominal ultrasound had good utility (area-under-the-curve 0.78) in diagnosing moderate-severe pre-pouch ileitis. Transperineal ultrasound had good utility for the diagnosis of pouchitis (area-under-the-curve 0.79). Faecal calprotectin differentiated inflammatory from non-inflammatory pouch disorders such as irritable pouch syndrome with an area-under-the-curve of 0.90. Faecal calprotectin <100 µg/g ruled out inflammatory pouch disorders with a sensitivity of 94%.

CONCLUSION
Faecal calprotectin and ultrasound are accurate and complementary tests to diagnose and localise inflammation of the ileoanal pouch. Prospective studies are needed to validate proposed sonographic indices and calprotectin levels.


To evaluate the possibility of ultraviolet (UV) rays as an aggravating factor of atopic dermatitis (AD), UV-B phototest was performed in patients with AD. Resulting, minimal erythema doses for UV-B were all within normal range and AD lesions were not reproduced by irradiation. UV-B may not be an important factor for skin aggravation in patients with AD.


Research project "Platform-independent approach to formal specification and verification of standard mathematical functions" is aimed onto a development of an incremental combined approach to the specification and verification of the standard mathematical functions like sqrt, cos, sin, etc. Platform-independence means that we attempt to design a relatively simple axiomatization of the computer arithmetic in terms of real, rational, and integer arithmetic (i.e. the fields R and Q of real and rational numbers, the ring Z of integers) but don't specify neither base of the computer arithmetic, nor a format of numbers' representation. Incrementality means that we start with the most straightforward specification of the simplest easy to verify algorithm in real numbers and finish with a realistic specification and a verification of an algorithm in computer arithmetic. We call our approach combined because we start with a manual (pen-and-paper) verification of some selected algorithm in real numbers, then use these algorithm and verification as a draft and proof-outlines for the algorithm in computer arithmetic and its manual verification, and finish with a computer-aided validation of our manual proofs with some proof-assistant system (to avoid appeals to "obviousness" that are very common in human-carried proofs). In the paper we present first steps towards a platform-independent incremental combined approach to specification and verification of the standard functions cos and sin that implement mathematical trigonometric functions cos and sin.


Why do people who disagree about one subject tend to disagree about other subjects as well? In this paper, we introduce a network epistemology model to explore this phenomenon of "epistemic factionization". Agents attempt to discover the truth about multiple beliefs by testing the world and sharing evidence gathered. But agents tend to mistrust evidence shared by those who do not hold similar beliefs. This mistrust leads to the endogenous emergence of factions of agents with multiple, highly correlated, polarized beliefs.


Material processing studies were continued directed toward developing powder metallurgy methods for producing rare earth modified high strength 4340 steel with improved resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. Three different methods of making rare earth modified 4340 steel powders were investigated: hydrogen gas atomization, mechanical alloying, and rapid solidification atomization. Hc2t extrusion consolidation of hydrogen gas atomized 4340 steel powders at 2150 F (1450 K) resulted in much better mechani %a properties after heat treatment than hot isostatic pressing (HIP) consolidation at 2100 F (1420 0 K), but the ductility and impact resistance properties of the extruded powders were generally lower than those of similarly heat treated, rare earth modified, wrought 4340 steels evaluated previously, at approximately the same rare earth (cerium) content. Hot extrusion consolidation of 4340 steel powder which was mechanically alloyed with either 75% Ce-25% Ni or LaNi alloy powders by attriting in a special high-intensity ball mill resulted in higher strength but lower ductility and impact resistance after heat treatment than the previously evaluated wrought 4340 steels at approximately the same rare earth content. Rapid solidification atomization of 4340 steel prealloyed with cerium by adding a 75% Ce-25% Ni alloy to the melt, using both the rapid solidification rate (RSR) and commercial rapid solidification (CRS) processes, resulted in very low cerium recoveries due to vaporization of the cerium in the RSR process and oxidation of the cerium in the CRS process. Because these difficulties could not be resolved within the scope of the program, no further work was performed on rapidly solidified powders.


We present the Glossa web-based system for corpus search and results handling, focussing on two modes of visualisation implemented in the system. First, we describe the use of maps to show the geographical distribution of search results and its utility for exploring dialectal variation and discovering new isoglosses. Secondly, we present a functionality for speech visualisation, yielding dynamically generated representations of spectrograms, pitch and formants. The analyses are accompanied by the ability to replay selected parts of the waveform, as well as export and compare maximum, minimum and average values of the parameters for different selections. Among other things, this can be used to explore in more detail the set of spoken variants revealed by the geographical map view.


During bioleaching, the use of bacteria allows the dissolution of metals with markedly reduced amount of reagents and mild pressure and temperature conditions, compared to usual operating conditions. In our study, acidophilic bioleaching was applied to comminuted spent printed circuit boards (PCBs). These wastes contain various metals, including precious and base metals, with concentrations that are generally higher than those found in primary resources. Some studies already demonstrated the efficiency of PCBs bioleaching but significant variations are observed between reported bioleaching rates. In the present study, a double-stage bioreactor has been designed and used in order to bioleach comminuted PCBs in continuous mode. The first stage of the continuous bioreactor was a bubble column in which the acidophilic consortium BRGM-KCC mainly composed of Leptospirillum ferriphilum and Sulfobacillus benefaciens was used to oxidize Fe(II) into Fe(III). The resulting leaching solution was employed to leach the metals contained in PCBs under mechanical stirring in the second stage of the bioreactor. Such a configuration was particularly relevant to reduce the impact of PCBs toxicity on bacterial growth and to maximize bioleaching rates. The culture was able to slowly adapt to PCBs (1% w/v). Consequently , with 48 hours residence time, main metals were dissolved with high yields : 96% Cu, 85% Zn, 73% Ni and 93% Co. When the solid concentration was increased up to 1.8%(w/v), it resulted in higher dissolution rates.


Two novel phosphorus-containing ionic liquids with different size sulfonate anions ([Pmim]CH3SO3, [Pmim]Ts) were synthesized and their physicochemical properties including thermal stability, solubility, viscosity, and melting points were comparably investigated. [Pmim]Ts, with a tosylate anion, shows a lower melting point, higher viscosity, and higher thermal stability due to the increasing anion size and uniform electron delocalization. The cytotoxicity of [Pmim]CH3SO3 and [Pmim]Ts against HeLa cells was also evaluated in vitro by MTT assay. It was found that [Pmim]CH3SO3 and [Pmim]Ts show lower toxicity than the commercial ILs with sulfate anions. Meanwhile, [Pmim]CH3SO3 and [Pmim]Ts were used as flame retardants for PA6, and it was found that they present different flame retardant effects. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of PA6/[Pmim]CH3SO3 and PA6/[Pmim]Ts are 26.2, and 24.4%, respectively, when their addition is 30 wt%. In the cone calorimeter test, the total heat released (THR) values of PA6 are decreased with the addition of [Pmim]CH3SO3 and [Pmim]Ts, and the burning residues from barren to abundant. Thermogravimetric analysis and thermal degradation kinetics were further investigated and it was found that both [Pmim]CH3SO3 and [Pmim]Ts can accelerate the decomposition of PA6. Because of the acidity difference of CH3SO3 and the Ts anion, [Pmim]CH3SO3, whose anion has strong acidity, shows high catalysis decomposition ability.


Despite a recent increase in the clinical use of progesterone in pregnant women and premature neonates, very little is understood about the potential role of this hormone and its receptors in neural development. Findings from rodent models indicate that the brain is indeed sensitive to progesterone during critical periods of development and maturation. Dramatic sex differences in progesterone receptor (PR) expression, in which males express higher levels of PR than females in specific regions, suggest that PR may play an important role in the sexual differentiation of brain and behavior and that the expression of PR may be one mechanism by which testicular hormones masculinize the brain. PR is also transiently expressed during fetal and neonatal development in areas of the brain associated with cognitive behaviors. PR protein and mRNA are expressed in pyramidal cell layers of perinatal cortex in an anatomically and developmentally specific manner, generating the intriguing hypothesis that progesterone is essential for normal cortical development. Basic research elucidating a potential role for progesterone and PR in developing brain is reviewed in light of the clinical use of this hormone. The necessity for future research integrating findings from the bench and the bedside is evident.


In this work, the possibility for global electronic payment request (GEPR) is explored. The aim is to create requests addressed only to the unique identifier of the customer, which then enables them to view and pay the request at any available payment interface desired. Another valuable feature is the possibility for an automatic booking of the payment at both ends, saving labor time and money. Last is the possibility of creating positive pressure for paying on time with adequate follow-ups. Also, some interesting features will be explored such as claim forwarding and rejecting a claim (or some of its elements) with notification to the supplier. Making an online payment when shopping on the internet or paying for services is easy and commonly used. But, on the other hand, when you pay for any service, whether it is your monthly electric bill or monthly clearing between supplier and customer businesses, you are forced to decide beforehand how the payment will be managed and at which service or bank the payment will take place. There is a huge overhead of managing such payments into the books at both ends. General ledger (GL) records are commonly retrieved from bank statements with no guarantee of accurate references to the customer account or the invoice to be matched against the payment. The aim of this work is to explore an alternate way of clearing invoices between parties on a global scale with maximum efficiency. The main conclusions are that there is a need for a new GEPR system and that such a system would increase the efficiency of trade between parties.


The sycophant, a true 'plague' for Athenian society in the classical age, is dramatis persona in some episodic scenes of Aristophanic comedy. An analysis of the peculiarities of such scenes shows how the sycophant's negative features were pushed to the extreme by the distorting lens of the greatest poet of Old Comedy, producing a surreal, monstrous comic mask apt to strike the imagination of an Attic audience, accustomed as it was to the sad reality of trials and tribunals, where those shady characters used to rage by accusing both Athenian and foreigners, offering testimonies for the prosecution, and demanding a sentence. Aristophanes' plays, having sycophants mauled and expelled, thus expressed the common desire of Athenian citizens to punish such individuals and get rid – on the stage at least – of their ominous presence.


This paper investigates empirically the relationship between development of the financial system and economic performance using a panel data set for 40 countries during the period 1979-2003 based on recent generalized-method-of moments technique developed for dynamic panels. The impact on GDP level and GDP growth of stock markets and banks is distinguished. Results show that the bank credits as a proxy for the banking system development have a positive and significant effect on the GDP level in the long-run, but there is no significant relationship among financial development proxies and GDP growth.


As very little is known about the molecular structure of dioscorin, the major storage protein of yam tuber, we report here FT-Raman spectroscopic investigation of this yam protein isolated from D. alata L., for the first time. According to a series of purification and identification by ion-exchange chromatography, gel chromatography, SDS-PAGE, and MALDI-TOF-MS, it shows that the major storage protein is made up of dioscorin A (M.W. ~33 kDa) and dioscorin B (M.W. ~31 kDa). Raman spectral results indicate that the secondary structure of dioscorin A is major in α-helix, while dioscorin B belongs to anti-parallel β- sheet. It also shows that the microenvironment of major amino acids including tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and methionine, and cysteine exhibit explicit differences between these two components. The conformation of disulfide bonding in dioscorin A predominates in Gauche-Gauche-Trans form, while Gauche-Gauche-Gauche and Trans-Gauche-Trans share the conformation in dioscorin B. Structural resemblance between dioscorin A and crude yam proteins implies that dioscorin A exhibits structural preference even though its content is lower than dioscorin B.


The textile industry is generating great environmental concerns due to the exponential growth of textile products' consumption (fast fashion) and production. The textile value chain today operates as a linear system (textile products are produced, used, and discarded), thus putting pressure on resources and creating negative environmental impacts. A new textile economy based on the principles of circular economy is needed for a more sustainable textile industry. To help meet this challenge, an efficient collection, classification, and recycling system needs to be implemented at the end-of-life stage of textile products, so as to obtain high-quality recycled materials able to be reused in high-value products. This paper contributes to the classification of post-consumer textile waste by proposing an automatic classification method able to be trained to separate higher-quality textile fiber flows. Our proposal is the use of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with a mathematical treatment of the spectra by convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to classify and separate 100% pure samples and binary mixtures of the most common textile fibers. CNN is applied for the first time to the classification of textile samples. A total of 370 textile samples were studied—50% used for calibration and 50% for prediction purposes. The results obtained are very promising (100% correct classification for pure fibers and 90–100% for binary mixtures), showing that the proposed methodology is very powerful, able to be trained for the specific separation of flows, and compatible with the automation of the system at an industrial scale.


[chemical structure: see text]. C60H18 has been produced by hydrogenation of C60 at 100 bar H2 pressure and 673 K for 10 h. We have investigated the crude material without any purification by use of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. We show that the crude material consists of 95% of the C3v isomer of C60H18.


Abstract In this piece, I argue that the exclusion of children with disabilities is an outcome of exclusionary practices inherent to schooling. And when exclusion is the norm, it is bound to produce ideological justifications for the systemic problems produced by it. I therefore question whether it is even possible to dismantle ableism in schools without addressing the political economic dimension of schooling under Capitalism. The issue concerning the relationship between exclusion and disablement is particularly pertinent in India today because a far-right party has just been re-elected and a new education policy has been drafted that proposes to provide multiple 'exit' options to children, which actually means multiple exclusion options.


We have recorded very-high-resolution photoelectron spectra of the inner-valence structure of CO+, excited with synchrotron radiation, and have resolved fine structure never previously observed. Recently presented resonant Auger decay spectra (Sundin et al. 1997 Phys. Rev. A56 480, 1997 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 30 4267) have established the energy of two-hole one-particle Rydberg states, and a comparison with these has been made to explain some details of the spectra.


Differences in the risk of a false negative or a false positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) across subgroups may affect optimal screening strategies. We evaluate whether subgroups are at increased risk of a false positive or a false negative FIT result, whether such variability in risk is related to differences in FIT sensitivity and specificity or to differences in prior CRC risk. Randomly selected, asymptomatic individuals were invited to undergo colonoscopy. Participants were asked to undergo one sample FIT and to complete a risk questionnaire. We identified patient characteristics associated with a false negative and false positive FIT results using logistic regression. We focused on statistically significant differences as well as on variables influencing the false positive or negative risk for which the odds ratio exceeded 1.25. Of the 1,426 screening participants, 1,112 (78%) completed FIT and the questionnaire; 101 (9.1%) had advanced neoplasia. 102 Individuals were FIT positive, 65 (64%) had a false negative FIT result and 66 (65%) a false positive FIT result. Participants at higher age and smokers had a significantly higher risk of a false negative FIT result. Males were at increased risk of a false positive result, so were smokers and regular NSAID users. FIT sensitivity was lower in females. Specificity was lower for males, smokers and regular NSAID users. FIT sensitivity was lower in women. FIT specificity was lower in males, smokers and regular NSAID users. Our results can be used for further evidence based individualization of screening strategies.


Spoof localization, also called segment-level detection, is a crucial task that aims to locate spoofs in partially spoofed audio. The equal error rate (EER) is widely used to measure performance for such biometric scenarios. Although EER is the only threshold-free metric, it is usually calculated in a point-based way that uses scores and references with a pre-defined temporal resolution and counts the number of misclassified segments. Such point-based measurement overly relies on this resolution and may not accurately measure misclassified ranges. To properly measure misclassified ranges and better evaluate spoof localization performance, we upgrade point-based EER to range-based EER. Then, we adapt the binary search algorithm for calculating range-based EER and compare it with the classical point-based EER. Our analyses suggest utilizing either range-based EER, or point-based EER with a proper temporal resolution can fairly and properly evaluate the performance of spoof localization.


Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a peripheral T-cell neoplasm of largely unknown genetic basis, which is associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection. To delineate a genetic landscape of somatic alterations in ATL, we have performed an integrated genetic study, in which whole-genome/exome (WGS/WES) and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed for a cohort of 83 paired ATL samples, followed by extensive validation using targeted sequencing of detected mutations in 370 follow-up samples. A striking feature of driver lesions in ATL was their strong enrichment in the components of T-cell receptor (TCR) / NF-κB pathway. Accounting for more than 90% of ATL cases, these lesions were characterized by the predominance of activating alterations, including hotspot missense mutations in PLCG1 (36%), PRKCB (33%), CARD11 (24%), VAV1 (18%), IRF4 (14%) and FYN (4%). Among these, most frequently mutated was PLCG1 , which encodes phospholipase C γ1 (PLCγ1), a key regulator of the proximal TCR signaling. Besides the S345F and S520F mutations recently reported in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, we identified an additional hotspot mutations (R48W, E1163K, and D1165H). The second most frequently mutated gene was PRKCB , encoding a member of the protein kinase C (PKC) family of proteins (PKCβ), a pivotal signaling molecule downstream of PLCγ. The frequent mutations of PKCβ were unexpected, because it is PKCθ that has been implicated in TCR signaling, whereas PKCβ has been more focused in the context of B-cell receptor signaling. Approximately 93% of the PRKCB mutations were confined to the catalytic domain with a prominent hotspot at D427, suggesting gain-of-function nature of these mutations. Consistent with this, when transduced with the D427N PKCβ mutant, HEK293T and/or Jurkat cells showed increased membrane translocation after PMA/Ionomycin-stimulation, enhanced IKK phosphorylation and p65 nuclear translocation, and augmented NF-κB transcription, compared to wild-type PKCβ-transduced cells. Thus, these PRKCB mutations are the first activating mutations of this family identified in human cancers. Downstream to PKC lies CARD11, a scaffolding protein required for antigen receptor-induced NF-κB activation. Although previously reported in B-cell lymphomas, CARD11 mutations were more common in ATL (24%). In B-cell lymphomas, mutations are largely limited to the coiled-coil (CC) domain, whereas in ATL, they were clustered not only within the CC domain, but also within the PKC-responsive inhibitory domain, showing a prominent mutational hotspot at E626. The inhibitory domain has been implicated in autoinhibition, whose deletion leads to constitutive activation of CARD11. Intriguingly, WGS identified small intragenic deletions confined to this domain (exons 14-17) in 4 cases (8%) without canonical mutations, and RNA-seq confirmed the skipping of the corresponding exons in these cases. Remarkably, CARD11 mutation significantly co-occurred with PRKCB mutations, suggesting potential functional synergism between these lesions. Actually, overexpression of wild-type CARD11 induced NF-κB activation, which was further augmented by E626K mutation. Similarly, when both CARD11 (E626K) and PRKCB (D427N) mutants were co-expressed, more enhanced NF-κB activation was observed. RNA-seq and follow-up RT-PCR screening also identified novel gene fusions in TCR / NF-κB pathway: five CTLA4-CD28 and three ICOS-CD28 fusions were observed in seven (7%) of the 105 cases examined, of whom one patient carried both chimeric fusions. WGS revealed tandem duplications of 2q33.2 segments containing CD28 , CTLA4 , and ICOS , compatible with the corresponding fusion transcripts. B7/CD28 co-signaling molecules, including CD28, CTLA4, and ICOS co-receptors, play pivotal roles in positive and negative regulations of TCR signaling. All the predicted chimeric proteins had the cytoplasmic part of CD28, and are expected to be expressed under the control of the regulatory element of CTLA4 or ICOS , likely leading to prolonged expression of CD28 co-stimulator. Our findings suggest that deregulated TCR / NF-κB pathway caused by genetic alterations is a hallmark of ATL pathogenesis. The predominance of gain-of-function mutations in this pathway offers good opportunities for exploiting these mutations for the targets of novel drugs to better manage patients. Disclosures Tobinai: Gilead Sciences: Research Funding. Miyazaki: Sumitomo Dainippon: Honoraria; Celgene Japan: Honoraria; Chugai: Honoraria, Research Funding; Shin-bio: Honoraria; Kyowa-Kirin: Honoraria, Research Funding. Watanabe: Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.: Research Funding.


Duodenal stenting has gradually been established as the first-line treatment for malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). We encountered a case of duodenal stent fracture in a 76-year-old woman with gastric cancer and GOO. She underwent self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement. The SEMS was found to be fractured 4 weeks after its placement. We removed the broken part of the stent and placed a second SEMS. SEMS fracture is a rare and - to the best of our knowledge - unreported complication; hence, clinicians and their patients should be aware of this possibility.


Nuclear science has developed many excellent descriptions that embody various properties of the nucleus, and nuclear matter at low, medium and high densities. However, a full microscopic understanding of nuclear systems is still lacking. The aim of our theoretical research group is to shed some light on such challenges and particularly on open questions facing the high density nuclear many-body problem. Here we focus our attention on the conceptual issue of naturalness and its role in shaping the baryon-meson phase space dynamics in the description of the equation of state (EoS) of nuclear matter. In particular, in order to stimulate possible new directions of research, we discuss relevant aspects of a recently developed relativistic effective theory for nuclear matter with natural parametric couplings and genuine many-body forces. Among other topics we discuss in this work the connection of this theory with other known effective QHD models of the literature and its potentiality in describing a new physic...


The parental magmas of massif-type anorthosites are suggested to originate from either the mantle or lower crust. If the source is the mantle, the magmas are presumed to have undergone crustal assimilation prior to plagioclase crystallization, which has produced melt compositions similar to anorthosite parental magmas (high-Al gabbros/basalts). If the source is the lower crust, the produced anorthosite parental melts are presumed to be monzodioritic (jotunitic) in composition. However, many studies have suggested that the monzodioritic rocks related to massif-type anorthosites rather represent residual melt compositions left after anorthosite fractionation. In this study, we have used the most recent thermodynamic modeling tools, Magma Chamber Simulator (MCS) and Rhyolite-MELTS to conduct partial melting, assimilation-fractional crystallization (AFC), and fractional crystallization (FC) models to address the unresolved questions about the source and compositional evolution of the anorthosite parental magmas.

AFC models were conducted at high lower crustal pressures (1000 MPa) by using MCS. In the models, we used four different sublithospheric mantle partial melt compositions and 11 different assimilants with representative average lower crustal compositions compiled from literature. In addition, equilibrium partial melting of the same lower crustal compositions was modeled separately by using rhyolite-MELTS. The melt major element compositions produced by both modeling tools were compared to suggested natural anorthosite parental magma compositions. Finally, to further study the evolution of these melts after their generation, FC models were run at different crustal pressures (1000-100 MPa) by using MCS. These differentiated melt compositions were compared to a global array of monzodioritic rocks presumed to represent residual melts left after anorthosite fractionation.

The preliminary modeling results point towards the mantle being a more suitable candidate for the source of the anorthosite parental magmas and that the parental magma compositions are better represented by high-Al gabbros than monzodioritic rocks: assimilation of mafic lower crustal material by mantle-derived magmas produces melts that are the most fitting analogues. Somewhat similar melts can also be produced by directly melting the lower crust, but this requires the crust to melt completely, which we consider improbable. The models further suggest fractional crystallization of high-Al gabbroic parental magmas produce residual melt evolution trends similar to the array of anorthosite-related monzodioritic rocks.


In this paper, we proposed the automatic cutting mechanism of the perforation pipes in an automobile muffler. This cutting mechanism makes continuous work possible, because it performs the batch work via the sequential operation of loading, feeding, cutting, and discharging. The proposed cutting mechanism consists of the frame unit, escape unit, turning unit, feeding unit, vision system, clamping unit, spindle/cutting unit and cooling unit. And, these mechanisms have been modularized through mechanical, dynamical and structural optimized design using the SMO (SimDesigner Motion) analysis module. Also, the virtual prototype was carried out using the 3-D CAD program. The cutting process cycle is performed in the order of loading, vision processing, feeding, clamping, cutting and discharging. And the cycle time for cutting one piece was designed to be completed in four seconds.


The bulbous bow is a common feature for large displacement vessels. The purpose of the bulbous bow is to reduce the bow wave, hereby making use of wave cancellation theory. The main drawback of these type of bows is that the drag reduction effect is only present for a limited range of sailing speeds. If the transit velocity is altered, the effect of the bulbous bow can even result in an increase of wave making drag. Due to this sensitivity to the sailing speed it is important to be able to predict the location of the waves generated by the protruding bulb. Computational fluid dynamics is gaining interest in commercial marine industries. The size and transit velocity at which the previously mentioned vessels that employ the protruding bulb operate, results in the common use of Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) models. To investigate the accuracy of these RANS models, a 2D model is presented in this thesis. The bulbous bow is modeled as a shallowly submerged 2D naca0012 hydrofoil. The justification for this simplification is that the geometry and flow over a bulbous bow is too complex for the duration of this project. A submerged 2D hydrofoil can still capture the important flow dynamics for free-surface waves. In this thesis we focused on evaluating the accuracy of RANS models for simulating the wave dynamics that arise when a shallowly submerged 2D naca0012 hydrofoil moves through water. The main objective is to find which geometrical and fluid dynamic properties have an effect on the free surface wave profile. Apart from questioning if these properties have an influence on the wave profile, we also want to know how the wave profile changes by altering these properties. The interFoam package from OpenFoam was used for simulating the flow. InterFoam adopts the volume of fluid (VOF) approach proposed by Weller (Weller, 2008) for simulating multiphase flows. Turbulence modeling was done using the k-ωSST two equationmodel from Menter et al. (Menter, 1992). In 1983 Duncan and his colleagues published a paper on the free surface wave dynamics generated by a towed naca0012 hydrofoil (Duncan, 1983). The results from their experiments are used as a benchmark for the present study. From a single phase test we found that the experiments from Duncan where performed in the regime where transition of the boundary layer from laminar to turbulent is present. The presence of this transition is expected to be one of the reasons for the disagreement in literature on wave elevation, wavelength zero point crossings and lift and drag coefficients. It is shown that the relatively small gap between the basin floor and the hydrofoil of 0.86 chord lengths has a significant impact on the wave profile and the flow at the hydrofoil. Reynolds independence is found to be at Re ¸ 2•105 for a towed hydrofoil submerged at h/c = 0.955 with the basin floor located 10 chord lengths below the hydrofoil. Below this value a reduction in Reynolds number results in an decrease of the wave amplitude and an increase in the wavelength. The assumption to neglect the resistance from the hydrofoil wake made by Duncan is shown to be false. The dominating dimensionless parameters for these types of flows are: Froude based on submergence Frh, Froude based on basin to foil height FrD and the Reynolds number based on the chord length and the bottom fluid parameters Rec . Note that in this thesis the angle of attack (α) has been kept constant at 5° which does effect the flow but this has not been investigated during this research. A attempt is made to simulation breaking waves in the present model. The Breaker type in the present study differs from the one found by Duncan et al. (Duncan, 1983). Even if the same breaker type was found the elevation and wavelength differ a lot. It is therefore concluded that The present model is not suited for predicting breaking waves.


Hydrolysis of monodisperse short chain phosphatidylcholines, far below their critical micelle concentration, by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and other interfacial enzymes is characterized. Results show that virtually all the observed hydrolysis by pancreatic and human inflammatory PLA2 occurs on surfaces of the reaction vessel or air bubbles. Conditions to eliminate such extraneous contributions at low substrate concentrations are established. Premicellar aggregates are apparently formed near the critical micelle concentration. The observation window at low substrate concentrations is used to obtain an upper limit estimate of the rate of hydrolysis through the monodisperse Michaelis complex. A limit estimate of <0.1 s-1 is obtained for the hydrolysis of monodisperse substrates by pig pancreatic phospholipase A2. These results show that the observed rate of hydrolysis of dihexanoyl- and diheptanoylphosphatidylcholines with pig pancreatic phospholipase A(2) through the monomer path is insignificant compared to the rate of >1000 s-1 seen at the saturating levels of the micellar substrate. These protocols should be useful for evaluating reactions catalyzed at vessel walls. Implications of these results for assays and models of interfacial activation of pancreatic PLA2 are discussed.


Abstract Subject and purpose of work: The paper examines two of the most important sectors of agriculture, crop and livestock production, in a time series analysis. The authors analyzed the number of enterprises, the number of employees, labor costs, turnover, and balance sheet total, and also assessed the evolution of liquidity and profitability in the two sectors, broken down by size. Materials and methods: The results of livestock and crop production were examined separately for the period 2008-2020. The analysis was based on aggregated data from the National Tax and Customs Administration in Hungary. Enterprises with the NACE REV 0140 for animal husbandry and 0110 for crop production were studied. In the research time series analysis and, where possible, trend analysis were performed. Results: In the research, the following indicators were examined using time series analysis in both crop and livestock production: the number of companies, the number of employees, the net sales revenue, the composition of net sales, the development of the balance sheet total, cost structure, labor costs, the quick ratio of liquidity, and the ROA indicator. Conclusions: Agricultural enterprises are most affected by the downward trend during the period under review, with the exception that the animal husbandry sector started to decline earlier than the crop production sector.


Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and linked to abnormal deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ), neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. Despite significant progress in unravelling the pathogenesis of AD, currently main therapeutic interventions is limited to symptomatic alleviation. Methylprednisolone (MP), a synthetic glucocorticoid, is recognized for its extensive anti-inflammatory properties. Our study assessed the neuroprotective effect of MP (25 mg/kg) administration to an Aβ1-42-induced AD mouse model. Our findings demonstrate that MP treatment can ameliorate cognitive impairment in Aβ1-42-induced AD mice and suppress microglial activation in the cortex and hippocampus. RNA-Sequencing analysis reveals that MP ultimately rescues cognitive dysfunction through improving the synapse function and inhibiting the immune and inflammatory processes. Our study suggests that MP could be a promising drug alternative for the treatment of AD, either alone or in combination with other existing drugs.


This report outlines the history of the Academic Senate for California Community Colleges (ASCCC) from its inception in 1963 to 1997. The Senate has its roots in Assembly Concurrent Resolution No. 48, which specified that the State Board of Education provide for the establishment of academic senates "...for the purposes of representing (faculty] in the formation of policy on academic and professional matters...". This resolution gave senates legal recognition and a specific jurisdiction over academic and professional matters. In 1968, the first statewide meeting of local academic senate presidents was held, with an attendance of 40, to explore ways to create a state senate that would represent local senates at the Chancellor's Office and before the Board of Governors. Following this meeting, a constitution for ASCCC was written and approved, and the first meeting of ASCCC was held in April, 1969. During sessions held from 1970-72, the Senate adopted the first of many resolutions supporting minorities and women in community college education. The article continues to outline the Senate's development with regard to collective bargaining, leadership, sub-committees, Senate publications, funding, governance, adopted guidelines, curriculum issues, and various milestones in ASCCC growth. Included is a list of ASCCC presidents, locations of Senate sessions, and presiding officers. (AS) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************************** A Brief History of the Academic Senate for California Community Colleges


It is well-known that education related research is carried out within different disciplines and frameworks, but how is it specifically connected through citations to the larger social sciences and humanities? And how can this knowledge be mobilized to improve dialogue between researchers in different communities, given the benefits of integrating different frameworks and methods? We used different scientometric methods to show where exactly research in education connects to social sciences and humanities. This multidisciplinary context provokes a set of integration challenges for research in education. We propose how our work can supplement an existing model in order to give a framework for meeting these challenges with the goal of achieving broader education-related collective knowledge advancement.


ABSTRACT Teachers interact with schoolchildren on a daily basis. Hence, they are likely to be the first to recognise a child's problem and the first to extend help. Yet showing concern and providing help to schoolchildren with complex needs can be stressful, making teachers vulnerable to compassion fatigue in that they become over-involved and begin to identify with the suffering and distress of those they are trying to help. To date, very little research has focused on the impact of compassion fatigue among teachers. The present study adopted a qualitative approach, using in-depth semi-structured interviews to evaluate perceived compassion fatigue among 42 teachers. Three main themes emerged from the interviews: a) 'The burden is too heavy for me to bear': Stress symptoms as perceived by the teachers; b) 'Each new incident shocks me, causing me to relive my own trauma': Stress triggers; and c) 'Small gestures bring me satisfaction': Positive aspects of teachers' compassionate work. The study reveals teachers' feelings of stress and burnout at work, the significant impact of secondary trauma on their lives and the need for a formal support system.


Background Patient safety is minimizing the risk of unnecessary damage associated with healthcare to a minimum. It has been linked as a global precedence area where substantial knowledge gaps exist. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of the healthcare providers toward patient safety have a great influence on the delivery of safe patient care. Regardless of this, the issue has not been adequately addressed in Ethiopia. Objective The main aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and factors associated with patient safety practice among undergraduate health science students at Jimma University Institute of Health. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from May to November 2021. Data were collected from 678 undergraduate health science students using a pretested, structured and self-administered questionnaire. EPI data 3.1 was used for data entry, and SPSS version 25 was used for analysis. A binary logistic regression model was utilized to identify factors associated with outcome variables. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and P < 0.05 were computed to determine the level of significance. Results Of the total students, only 293 (43.2%) and 308 (45.4%) had good knowledge and positive attitudes toward patient safety, respectively. Moreover, only 135 (19.9%) of the students had good practices regarding patient safety. Year of study [AOR = 3.75, 95% CI: (2.3, 9.3)], duration on practical attachment [AOR = 2.6, 95% CI: (1.2, 5.9)], and knowledge about patient safety [AOR = 2.9, 95% CI: (1.9, 3.4)] were associated with better patient safety practices. Conclusion In the current study the practice of patient safety among health science students was low and less than half of the students had good knowledge and favorable attitudes toward patient safety. Patient safety practices were influenced by the length of the clinical attachment, the study year, and the knowledge of patient safety. This calls for patient safety courses to be included in training curricula of undergraduate health sciences students.


Summary.  Background: It has been reported that the association of glycoprotein VI (GPVI) with lipid rafts regulates GPVI signaling in platelets. Objective: Secreted adenosine 5′‐diphosphate (ADP) potentiates GPVI‐induced platelet aggregation at particular agonist concentrations. We have investigated whether the decrease in GPVI signaling, previously reported in platelets with disrupted rafts, is a result of the loss of agonist potentiation by ADP. Methods: We disrupted platelet lipid rafts with methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin and measured signaling events downstream of GPVI activation. Results: Lipid raft disruption decreases aggregation induced by low concentrations of convulxin, but this decrease is almost eliminated in the presence of ADP antagonists. Signaling indicators, such as protein phosphorylation and calcium mobilization, were not affected by raft disruption in collagen or convulxin stimulated platelets. Interestingly, however, raft disruption directly reduced GPVI signaling induced by collagen‐related peptide. Conclusions: Lipid rafts do not directly contribute to signaling by the physiologic agonist collagen. The effects of disruption of lipid rafts in in vitro assays can be attributed to inhibition of ADP feedback that potentiates GPVI signaling.


As mobile technology develops at rapid rates with annual cell phone sales in the millions, the push for the integration of more complex computation algorithms on these devices also increases. With camera phones becoming a standard and an estimated 50% of all phones having this capability by the end of 2006, the ability to use this feature for more than simple applications of photo capture and mail is more and more desired. In this project, we sought to incorporate the functionality of mobile cameras with the complex computation and algorithms of computer vision to address the problem of location recognition. The project involved two stages, each of which had unique computation and hardware challenges. In the first stage, the problem of object and location recognition from a computer vision perspective was addresses. The goal was to develop a system to analyze feature components of an image and compare these descriptors to an established database to recognize important landmarks on the University of Pennsylvania campus. A combination of SIFT descriptor comparison using a k-means clustering technique and the intersection of color histograms were used to determine similarity. The second part of the project addresses the hardware components of designing a system to transmit data from mobile devices to a server where the computation with the program in the previous component occurs. Applications of this technology include museum, amusement park and city guides, location recognition for lost tourists, auto-tagging by location on online web sites, and real-time direction/navigation systems.


Introduction: Oral halitosis or malodor is offensive to the human sense of smell. It is often the result of poor hygiene or lifestyle and affects thousands of people worldwide. Objective: Conduct a literature review about the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of halitosis with the purpose of contributing a broader scientific basis of updated information for professionals in the field. Methods: The study was characterized by a search for papers published in the electronic databases PubMed, Lilacs, Google Scholar and Scielo between 2014 and 2019 in English, Portuguese or Spanish. A total 52 papers were consulted, of which 28 were selected after careful filtering. Data analysis and integration: Halitosis may be due to a variety of oral cavity etiologies. Several complementary tests are available which help diagnose halitosis, e.g. sialometric tests, organoleptic tests and analysis of the presence of saburra for the diagnosis. Several protocols have been implemented for the treatment of halitosis. These range from preventive to healing procedures. Conclusions: The etiology of halitosis may be due to physiological or pathological factors. Although 90% of the cases originate in the oral cavity and may be associated with dental biofilm, caries, tongue saburra, ill-fitted prostheses or tissue scarring, diagnosis should be based on careful clinical examination. Using questionnaires to gather information such as frequency, duration, number of times it appears on the same day, habits and medications will help elucidate the case. Successful treatment depends on the diagnosis and implementation of a cause-and-effect therapy and a rational multidisciplinary approach which is essential to obtain positive outcomes and improve oral health as well as its individual and social effects.


Solid State Transformer (SST) has been regarded as one of the most emerging technologies in the power distribution system. It has the advantages of low volume, low weight, fault isolation, and potential additional functions, such as voltage regulation, reactive power compensation, and etc. However, the involvement of large number of power devices makes the control of SST a challenge. In addition, the high voltage and high power hardware design of the SST is not easy, certain design methodology needs to be developed. This paper considers the solid-state transformer concept as a viable alternative to the line frequency transformer in distribution circuits.


It is questionable if there is any problem which has occupied the thought of medical men so diligently as that of the etiology of disease. It is one of the fundamental principles of our cult to determine the cause by the employment of every possible known means of diagnosis before applying our therapeutics or means of cure. A half century of time has been lost in the effort of medicine to make the etiology of general disease apply to or explain the clinical appearances as found in the insane condition. (I speak of insanity thus, for it is but an evidence of an abnormal brain state.) After a decade's experience the thought has constantly forced itself upon the writer that, in our endeavor to explain cause, too great stress has been placed on some so-called causes and too little on others. If the ordinary principles of etiology applied to the


We characterize the Sheffer sequences by a single convolution identity

where F(y) is a shift-invariant operator. We then study a generalization of the notion of Sheffer sequences by removing the requirement that F(y) be shift-invariant. All these solutions can then be interpreted as cocommutative coalgebras. We also show the connection with generalized translation operators as introduced by Delsarte. Finally, we apply the same convolution to symmetric functions where we find that the "Sheffer" sequences differ from ordinary full divided power sequences by only a constant factor.


This article presents a method to study and correct radiometric distortions caused by topography in SAR images. The method is easy to implement and requires neither sophisticated software nor code-level programming. It also considers the case of a flat surface having an elevation different from the one for which calibration parameters were derived. An ortho-image of the slant range distance is used with a Digital Elevation Model to generate images of the local incident angle along the range and azimuth directions. The method compensates for variations in the terrain area of each pixel and for the angular dependence of backscatter, allowing the choice of either an empirical or semi-empirical scattering model. The method is applied to high-resolution C-SAR subsets of an agricultural area in the Central Cordillera of Costa Rica. The removal of topographic features appears excellent for local incident angles up to 80°, but small-scale structures have pronounced effects on the radar return for higher local incident angles and are not adequately corrected.


Middle convolution and addition are operations for Fuchsian systems of differential equations which preserve the number of accessory parameters. In this paper we show that they also preserve the deformation equations. Several Bäcklund transformations of the sixth Painlevé equation are obtained from this viewpoint.


Universities and researcher centers are rethinking their communication strategies, highlighting the quality of their research output and the profiles of their best researchers. Listing publications from an Expert Finder system may represent a solution. But providing an Expert Finder system within an IR is a more innovative approach. This idea was developed by the University of Hong Kong Libraries and applied to their IR, The HKU Scholars Hub at http://hub.hku.hk/, powered by DSpace. This presentation shows how the HKU requirements were implemented by CILEA in the context of the ResearcherPage@HKU project. Using the new authority control framework by Larry Stone, introduced in DSpace 1.6.0, an Expert Finder system can be nicely integrated with DSpace but kept technically separated. Its components can evolve separately and are easier and cheaper to maintain. The author (Bollini) has contributed in porting the authority control framework, originally implemented for the XMLUI, to the JSPUI, and extending its architecture to support browse and search variants. The main objective of the framework is to provide admissible metadata values from values lists that can be maintained independently from DSpace. These values can be represented by unique identifiers (IDs, URIs, etc.) that make them independent from their representation (e.g. a translation in a different language). Before 1.6 release, DSpace had a limited capacity to manage values lists. The authority control framework overcomes these limitations and allows integration with dynamic lists taken from external systems through webservices, database queries, and so on. The lists are available also from the admin UI. AJAX technologies can be applied: autocomplete, and partial refresh. These can facilitate users' experience. Long lists are managed. The ResearcherPage@HKU project consists of a new entity, the ResearcherPage (RP), where all data about a researcher are stored. The RP becomes an authority list for the dc.contributor metadata in the IR. It is partly populated by direct input and partly from machine loads of data extracted from external databases. The researcher can also decide about the public visibility of metadata. Each individual has one established Roman script name, with a possible Hanzi script (Chinese 中文) name also existing in parallel synonymy. Many other variant names in any UTF-8 supported script may then be associated with these established headings, allowing retrieval of the established heading(s) after searching with any of the variants. RPs are strongly integrated in DSpace, but they are an independent software system. Their persistence is linked to specific database tables. Access to data uses a separate connection, with Hibernate as a framework of abstraction from the DBMS. Search is implemented with Hibernate Search, input forms and presentation layer with Spring MVC. Spring Framework is also used to configure other aspects of the system, e.g. transactionality. This presentation describes in detail all the rich functionalities developed for the RPs and their technical design and implementation, e.g. submission, search, matching for deduplication, confidence level, authority key for unique matching and persistence. Conclusion. The authority control framework allows implementing relevant "researcher-centric" functionalities without changing the core of DSpace. This solution is more portable to new DSpace releases and can evolve separately. Moreover, populating metadata values from authority lists improves semantic interoperability between repositories (e.g. homonym disambiguation) where metadata are exposed in standard formats (e.g. FOAF) and richer ones (e.g. MODS, RDF).


Oxyfunctionalization of non‐activated carbon bonds by P450 monooxygenases has drawn great industrial attraction. Self‐sufficient P450s containing catalytic heme and reductase domains in a single polypeptide chain offer many advantages since they do not require external electron transfer partners. Here, we report the first P450 enzyme identified and expressed from Azorhizobium caulinodans. Firstly, expression conditions of P450 AZC1 were optimized for enhanced expression in E.coli. The highest P450 content was obtained in E.coli Rosetta DE3 plysS when it was incubated in TB media supplemented with 0.75 mM IPTG, 0.5 mM ALA, and 0.75 mM FeCl3 at 25 °C for 24 hours. Subsequently, the purified enzyme showed a broad substrate spectrum including fatty acids, linear and cyclic alkanes, aromatics, and pharmaceuticals. Finally, P450 AZC1 showed optimal activity at pH 6.0 and 40 °C and a broad pH and temperature profile, making it a promising candidate for industrial applications.


This groundbreaking work explores how children and adults who have been blind since birth can both perceive and draw pictures. John M. Kennedy, a perception psychologist, relates how pictures in raised form can be understood by the blind, and how untrained blind people can make recognizable sketches of objects, situations, and events using new methods for raised-line drawing. According to Kennedy, the ability to draw develops in blind people as it does in the sighted, and he provides a new theory of visual and tactile perception that is applicable to both the blind and the sighted.


Current research is intended to see the efficacy of the integration of spirituality and Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in reducing depression in patients with cardiac illnesses. The hypothesis under consideration is that there will be a significant differences in the level of depression experienced by patients with cardiac illnesses before and after the integrative treatment of spirituality and Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). This study included (N =05) cardiac patients including females (n = 02) and males (n = 03) from a private hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. The age of patients ranged between 36-59 years (M = 49.00, SD = 9.62). Depression in Chronic Illnesses Scale (Yaseen, 2014) was used in the pre-and-post intervention stages to test the efficacy of the treatment applied. This study utilized a Twelve Sessions (1 session per week) manualized treatment approach that focuses on spiritual growth and decreasing depression through a Spiritually Informed Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT; Good, 2010) for the treatment of depression in patients with cardiac illnesses. Results of the paired sample t-test revealed significantly large differences in pre-post assessment(r=3.82). Patients in post-test significantly exhibited lower level of depression as compared to the pre-test results. In conclusion, this study can provide guidelines to mental health practitioners to decrease or prevent depression among cardiac patients. Furthermore, awareness programs can be started to educate patients about depression at the very initial stages of diagnosis of medical illness.


The future of any business from banking, e-commerce, real estate, homeland security, healthcare, and marketing, the
stock market, manufacturing, education, and retail to government organizations depends on the data and analytics
capabilities that are built and scaled. The speed of change in technology in recent years has been a real challenge for
all businesses. To manage that, a significant number of organizations are exploring the Big Data (BD) infrastructure
that helps them to take advantage of new opportunities while saving costs. Timely transformation of information is also
critical for the survivability of an organization. Having the right information at the right time will enhance not only
the knowledge of stakeholders within an organization but also providing them with a tool to make the right decision
at the right moment. It is no longer enough to rely on a sampling of information about the organizations' customers.
The decision-makers need to get vital insights into the customers' actual behavior, which requires enormous volumes
of data to be processed. We believe that Big Data infrastructure is the key to successful Artificial Intelligence (AI)
deployments and accurate, unbiased real-time insights. Big data solutions have a direct impact and changing the way
the organization needs to work with help from AI and its components ML and DL. In this article, we discuss these topics.


The Mexican Revolution of 1910 was a war fought by rebels wanting to establish a democracy in Mexico after being ruled by a dictator for nearly 30 years. Once the country was fully in war and divided in two, women had only two choices. The first was to stay behind and struggle with finding food and earning money. Their other choice was to follow their men to battle and assist them with their needs on the battlefield. These women would cook, do laundry, acted as nurses for those wounded in battle, and would fight alongside the men on the battlefield when needed. This paper will explore the significant roles of soldaderas during the Mexican Revolution and how propaganda from the Mexican Revolution sexualized the image of soldaderas. The paper will also attempt to explain why were these women being romanticized for doing the same chores they had when they lived at home and why it was that both armies began getting rid of soldaderas from their ranks after having allowed their participation since the beginning of the war.


This paper describes a method for complex control of geometrical parameters of ball bearings rings by means of coordinate measuring machines instead of specialized tools used on enterprises of bearing industry. The results of these experiments suggest the possibility of such control by means of coordinate measuring machines.


Laminins constitute fundamental building blocks of basement membranes and have been shown to influence cell behaviour in a laminin-subunit specific manner. One such example is that immune cell diapedesis is facilitated by laminin α-4 compared to laminin α-5. Although changes in laminin expression have been observed in COPD, more in depth studies is needed to unravel the pathophysiological implications of these alterations. This study aimed to examine the abundance and distribution of specific laminin subunits in COPD. Laminin α-2 and α-5 expression were evaluated with immunohistochemistry in peripheral lung tissue from COPD patients (GOLD I-IV), smoker and non-smoker controls. Immunoreactivity for laminin α-5 was found in basal membranes underlying bronchiolar epithelium and endothelium in peribronchiolar blood vessels. Bronchiolar epithelium was found to show a prominent intracellular immunoreactivity for laminin α-5 in COPD-afflicted lungs, in stark contrast to control lung epithelium which lacked this immunoreactivity pattern. Intracellular immunoreactivity was restricted to well-delimited subcellular compartments overlying the nucleus on the luminal side of the columnar epithelial cell. Laminin α-2 were not found in basal membranes of neither control nor COPD lung, while showing an intracellular immunoreactivity pattern similar to that of laminin α-5 in the bronchiolar epithelium of COPD-patients. Our data indicate that COPD pathology is associated with specific changes in expression patterns of laminin α-2 and α-5. Disruption of tissue homeostasis regarding laminin expression might contribute to chronic inflammation and a process of ongoing extracellular matrix remodelling.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the clinical and molecular cytogenetic features of myeloid diseases characterized by i(20q-).

METHODS
The clinical data of 7 patients with myeloid diseases, 6 with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and one with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), 4 males and 3 females, aged 51 - 74, were analyzed. Chromosome specimens were prepared by direct method and/or short-time culture of bone marrow cells. Karyotyping was performed by R banding technique. Two kinds of probes (20q subtelomere probe and 20q12 unique sequence probe) were used in dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (D-FISH) assay.

RESULTS
Of the seven patients, 4 died and 3 survived by the end of this study. The patients survived for 6 months (case 1), 7 months (case 2), 17 days (case 4), and 28 days (case 5) respectively. Karyotype analysis showed that one of the normal chromosomes 20 was lost and substituted by one or two small metacentric isochromosomes smaller than the normal chromosome 20 in all these seven cases. It was proved to be ider(20)(q10) del(20)(q11q13), i(20q-) in six cases by D-FISH assay.

CONCLUSION
i(20q-) is a novel and rare recurrent chromosome abnormality which may be specifically associated with myeloid diseases and poor prognosis.


Optimal design of planar circuit demultiplexer based on Mach-Zehnder interferometers and their cascaded forms are presented. A demultiplexer is designed for each two and four channels (wavelengths) respectively for coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) application which follows ITU-T G.694.2 standard. Optimized demultiplexer should have high transmission to get high power efficiency and low cross talk to avoid signal degradation. An analytical equation is presented to calculate the length difference (DeltaL) between the two arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to produce different phase shift. Based on the length difference (DeltaL) calculation, Mach-Zehnder interferometer for different wavelengths is designed. Directional coupler is analyzed in such a way that it can split the power equally. Coupled mode theory (CMT) and beam propagation method (BPM) is used as an analytical and numerical method respectively. Performance comparisons in terms of transmission, cross talk and 3 dB bandwidth are implemented for the demultiplexer. Transmission (dB) as high as -0.74 dB and cross talk as low as -21.06 dB have been obtained for four channel demultiplexer at wavelength, lambda = 1470 nm. A 3 dB bandwidth of 14nm has been recorded as well, which satisfies the requirement set by ITU-T G.694.2 which is 20 nm. Qualitative agreement between beam propagation method (BPM) and calculation based on coupled mode theory (CMT) has been achieved for each two and four channels demultiplexer respectively.


ABSTRACT This article offers a discussion of Amos Oz's early translation and reception history in the American literary scene. The article pays particular attention to Oz's double capacity as novelist and political commentator, and how it may have contributed to the unique role quickly assigned to him in American public and intellectual discourse. Against the backdrop of the formative social and political context of the 1970s, the article suggests some defining traits of the transformation, and ultimately the reduction, of the Israeli Oz into the American Oz. Oz's works were largely perceived through an allegorical-political framework or pigeonholed as portrayals of the national psyche, while Oz himself was assigned the role of spokesman for the Israeli Left. Oz was actively involved in shaping his political persona and nonfiction repertoire in English, mainly through his (non-)selection of essays for translation, and his interviews and topical commentary in the American press. These, the article shows, were sometimes moderated for the English-speaking audience, diluting the more forceful political criticism the novelist had presented to his Hebrew readers, and abating the description of aspects of Israeli reality that drew his ire.


How to realize efficient ground aircraft operations at a large airport is a key issue to respond increasing air traffic demands. This study aims at establishing a systematic and concrete method for assessing not only ground facility designs but also operation schemes in terms of aircraft operations on airfields. A multi-agent simulation system was developed for ground aircraft operations based on the simulation model constructed through field visit and observation considering implicit action rules of field experts. An interactive design process of visualizing simulation results, showing them to field experts, getting their opinions, and considering the obtained feedbacks is very effective for brush-up of the simulation model or design plans. The simulation aims directly at assessing efficiency of operations plans, and finally at improving efficiency through interactive process with experts of proposal, simulation, and review.

Comparison of simulation results with the field data demonstrated that the simulation system can well predict the actual operation performance and that it is useful to comparatively assess design plans for ground aircraft operations. The method proposed was then applied to a case study to assess the operation plans expected after the scheduled extension of a runway and a terminal building at Tokyo International Airport (Haneda). As a result of simulation, several problems in the present plans could be pointed out, and the findings will be useful to revise them.