A 37-year-old woman with longstanding systemic lupus erythematosus developed cardiac insufficiency, nephrotic syndrome, and azotemia. The findings at echocardiography and cardiac scintigraphy suggested amyloidosis, which was confirmed by rectal biopsy and fine needle biopsy of subcutaneous abdominal fat. Postmortem examination revealed systemic amyloidosis with massive deposits in the heart, spleen and kidneys. She had persistently increased concentration of serum amyloid A protein during the last 4 years of her life, and her amyloidosis was of the secondary (AA) type, as shown by immunohistochemical studies.


When performing nerve-sparing abdominoperitoneal resection or intersphincteric resection of lower rectal cancer, difficulty is sometimes encountered during dissection, separation and treatment in the area anterior to the anorectum passing through the levator hiatus between the bilateral levator ani slings owing to missing the surgical plane or venous bleeding. The rectourethralis muscle, which is a mass of smooth muscle, occupies the levator hiatus. The present histological study using nine male cadaveric specimens demonstrated that: (i) the external anal sphincter is likely to be tightly connected to the rectourethralis muscle; (ii) the rectal muscularis propria communicates with the rectourethralis muscle; (iii) the anorectal veins take a tortuous course across the rectourethralis muscle; (iv) Denonvilliers' fascia ends at the rectourethralis muscle; and (v) the rectourethralis muscle provides posterior attachment for the rhabdosphincter. Moreover, the cavernous nerve has been reported to penetrate the rectourethralis muscle. Therefore, careful treatment of the muscle seems to be necessary to avoid male sexual dysfunction. Owing to muscle fiber communications between the rectal muscularis propria and the rectourethralis muscle, and the fact that Denonvilliers' fascia terminates in the rectourethralis muscle, the surgical plane would tend to deeply penetrate the muscle mass. However, mass ligation of the anterior tissues for control of venous bleeding should be avoided. When the tumor is non-anterior, an abdominal surgical plane behind Denonvilliers' fascia is recommended to avoid excess invasion into the rectourethralis muscle.


Inspired by theories of higher local order autocorrelation (HLAC), this paper presents a simple, novel, yet very powerful approach for wood recognition. The method is suitable for wood database applications, which are of great importance in wood related industries and administrations. At the feature extraction stage, a set of features is extracted from Mask Matching Image (MMI). The MMI features preserve the mask matching information gathered from the HLAC methods. The texture information in the image can then be accurately extracted from the statistical and geometrical features. In particular, richer information and enhanced discriminative power is achieved through the length histogram, a new histogram that embodies the width and height histograms. The performance of the proposed approach is compared to the state-of-the-art HLAC approaches using the wood stereogram dataset ZAFU WS 24. By conducting extensive experiments on ZAFU WS 24, we show that our approach significantly improves the classification accuracy.


PURPOSE
To evaluate use of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography in detection of vascular complications of liver transplantation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirteen liver transplant recipients suspected to have vascular complications were evaluated with gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography by using a three-dimensional spoiled gradient-echo breath-hold technique during the arterial and venous phases of a high-dose (42 mL) bolus injection of gadolinium contrast material. Conventional angiography (n = 11) and surgery (n = 3) were used as the standard of reference. The transplant hepatic artery, celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, splenic vein, hepatic veins, and inferior vena cava (IVC) were evaluated for thrombosis or stenosis by two radiologists.

RESULTS
Ten vascular complications were identified with conventional angiography or surgery: transplant hepatic artery thrombosis (n = 3) or stenosis (n = 3), portal vein stenosis (n = 1) or occlusion (n = 2), and suprahepatic IVC stenosis (n = 1). All 10 complications were correctly diagnosed with MR angiography. There was agreement between results of MR angiography and conventional angiography or surgery in 58 of 62 vessels evaluated (94%). There was minor disagreement in four vessels (6%).

CONCLUSION
Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography may have the potential to enable accurate diagnosis of vascular complications of liver transplantation.


In this paper, we will first take assess of 25 years of interactive real-time music, and introduce the problem of preservation of this music for the future generations, that is to say its ability to be re-performed, and not only to preserve the recordings. We present the state of the art in the field of active preservation of real-time works. We then give an overview of the solutions developed by IRCAM and its partners Grame, Armines ParisTech and CIEREC, in the framework of the ASTREE project, and explain the possibilities envisioned in a case study that is En Echo by


Summary form only given. The Australian red meat processing industry is struggling to improve its competitive advantage, manage with diminishing profit margins and increase its range of value added products to meet consumer demands. The export industry position, product prices and product concerns are major issues confronting industry managers in today's slowing world economic climate. To achieve change in the industry it was necessary to address the tyranny of distance in a dispersed industry, a culture of 'firefighting' rather than root cause problem solving and a low investment in staff training and development. Internet-based learning offers potential where off-the-job training is not feasible or efficient. Hence the decision to develop an Internet-based interactive decision support model. The approach described integrates high quality content, state-of-the-art instructional design principles and motivational strategies. The goal was the delivery of an industry specific cost of quality tutorial and activity based projects able to promote learners' ability to formulate conceptual generalisations and promote change in developing new responses to industry issues. The cost of quality approach proposes solutions to reduce failure costs through identifying and reducing 'hidden' costs.


Most existing RGB-D salient detection models pay more attention to the quality of the depth images, while in some special cases, the quality of RGB images may even have greater impacts on saliency detection, which has long been ignored and underestimated. To address this problem, in this paper, we present a Bi-directional Progressive Guidance Network (BPGNet) for RGB-D salient object detection, where the qualities of both RGB and depth images are involved. Since it is usually difficult to determine which modality data have low quality in advance, a bi-directional framework based on progressive guidance (PG) strategy is employed to extract and enhance the unimodal features with the aid of another modality data via the alternative interactions between the saliency prediction results and the extracted features from the multi-modality input data. Specifically, the proposed PG strategy is achieved by using the proposed Global Context Awareness (GCA), Auxiliary Feature Extraction (AFE) and Cross-modality Feature Enhancement (CFE) modules. Benefiting from the proposed PG strategy, the disturbing information within the input RGB and depth images can be well suppressed, while the discriminative information within the input images gets enhanced. On top of that, a Fusion Prediction Module (FPM) is further designed to adaptively select those features with higher discriminability as well as enhancing the common information for the final saliency prediction. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed model is comparable to those of state-of-the-art RGB-D SOD models.


The rheological properties of colloidal suspensions of spheres and rods have been studied using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). We have measured the viscosity as a function of shear rate and volume fraction of the suspended particles. The viscosity of a 30 vol% suspension of spheres displays characteristic shear-thinning behaviour as a function of shear rate. The values for the low- and high-shear viscosity are in good agreement with experimental data. For higher particulate densities, good results are obtained for the high-shear viscosity, although the viscosity at low shear rates shows a dependence on the size of the suspended spheres. Dilute suspensions of rods show an intrinsic viscosity which is in excellent agreement with theoretical results. For concentrated rod suspensions, the viscosity increases with the third power of the volume fraction. We find the same scaling behaviour as Doi and Edwards for the semidilute regime, although the explanation is unclear. The DPD simulation technique therefore emerges as a useful tool for studying the rheology of particulate suspensions.


Perioperative morbidity and mortality were studied in 116 patients who underwent radical hysterectomy and lymph node dissection. Type II radical hysterectomy was performed in two, type III in 97, type IV in 12 and type V in five patients, and the perioperative morbidity was assessed accordingly. Because of the short follow-up time the late sequelae could not be evaluated. There was no operative death. Haemorrhage was the most common complication and it was more frequent and serious in type IV and V classes. Prolonged bladder atony was also frequent, particularly in type IV radical hysterectomy. The infection rate was comparable. One patient developed ureteric fistula, and one woman had ureteric stricture. Lymphocyst formation, nerve damage, lymphoedema and thromboembolic disease were rarely encountered and there was no bowel obstruction. Injury to the great vessels was a major problem. It appears that the rate of complications in this study is acceptable and comparable with or favourable to other reported series. In spite of this, every effort should be made to reduce the operative morbidity as far as possible.


Subsoil compaction is a serious long-term threat to soil functions. Only a few studies have quantified the mechanical stresses reaching deep subsoil layers for modern high wheel load machinery. In the present study we measured the vertical stresses in the tyre–soil contact area and at 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 m depths of a sandy loam soil at field capacity water content. The soil was ploughed annually to a depth of 0.25 m and was tested in the spring following autumn ploughing but before secondary tillage. The machinery tested was a tractor–trailer system for slurry application with a total weight of 52 Mg. Wheel loads ranged from approximately 20 to 70 kN. The tyres were all radial ply with volumes ranging from 0.63 to 1.23 m3. The tyre inflation pressures were generally above those recommended by the manufacturer and ranged from 170 to 280 kPa. The stress distributions in the contact area were highly skewed. Across tyres, the maximum stress in the contact area correlated linearly with, but was much higher than, the mean ground pressure. For each of the three soil depths, the maximum stresses under the tyres were significantly correlated with the wheel load, but not with other loading characteristics. The data predict a 6.6-kPa increase in vertical stress at 0.9 m depth for each 1-Mg addition to the wheel load. The soil stress observations support a simple rule of thumb combining wheel load and inflation pressure in calculation of subsoil vertical stress. We measured vertical stresses up to 300, 100 and 45 kPa at soil depths of 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 m respectively. Comparing these with the data in the literature regarding soil strength and measured compaction effects on the soil studied, we conclude that the traffic event investigated is likely to induce serious effects on soil properties and functions to a depth of at least 0.7 m.


The following article was commissioned by Spectrum following the potentially momentous action of IEEE's Board of Directors at its February meeting calling for, among other things, the abolishment of the industrial exemption. The purpose of this article is to provide IEEE members with some of the key facts regarding the status of registration today — uncolored by bias for or against the Board action. In The Institute's October edition, page 3, arguments for and against abolishment of the industrial exemption are put forth by Professional Activities Vice President John Guarrera and Technical Activities Vice President Franklin Blecher. Together, these two articles are intended to shed some light on a complex subject that is too often addressed in emotional tones from an uninformed base — Ed.


In order to study the validity of the functional integral formula of the Green's function, the large time limit of the time evolution kernel exp (- iHt) of any quantum system is discussed. With the Feynman prescription, giving an infinitesimally small negative imaginary part to quadratic term of the potential in the Hamiltonian, the correct formula for this limit is obtained. It differs from the naive formula and depends on the detailed form of the potential. The usual formula holds for the perturbative expansion in terms of the potential, the proof of which is given by the path integral method. The new expression for the ground state wave function is also obtained in the course of the proof.


Summary

1
A detailed study has been made of the morphology and systematic position of two brackish-water Actiniaria from Madras.

2
The anemones are sphincterless Athenaria having acontia, and belong to the family Halcampactiidae.

3
In structural features the two anemones differ from other known Halcampactids, and this necessitates the creation of two new genera, for which the names Phytocosteopsis and Stephensonactis are proposed.

4
Complete generic and specific definitions of Phytocosteopsis ramunnii and Stephensonactis ornata are given.

5
The oral disc is very much contracted in both the Actinians, the throat being open and the distal part of the actinopharynx always remaining in an everted condition.

6
There are twelve prominent, lobed, throat ridges in S. ornata, while such separate ridges are absent in P. ramunnii.

7
The tentacular arrangement in P. ramunnii exhibits a curious atypical condition, caused by the interchange of the apparent positions of the tentacles of the last two cycles and an undue development of those of the fourth order and their corresponding endoccels.

8
The acontia, which are numerous in P. ramunnii, show interesting features of distribution, correlated with the probable order of succession of the macrocnemes. They also show variations in their positions of origin from the mesentery.

9
The peculiarities of the tentacles and acontia in P. ramunnii are features not previously observed in any Actiniaria.

10
S. ornata has the tentacles and acontia arranged in the normal way, as in the typical Actiniaria.

11
The general features of anatomy and histology of S. ornata and P. ramunnii are similar.

12
An account of the bionomics of the two anemones is given, and an attempt is made to explain some of the morphological and histological peculiarities, in correlation with their habits.

13
The colour-patterns of S. ornata are described.

14
Phytocosteopsis and Stephensonactis bridge the gap between Phytoccetes and Pelocostes. Since these four genera exhibit several common characters different from other Halcampactids, a suggestion is made to group them separately in one family.


The ophthalmic manifestations and a review of the conjunctival and lid lesions on file in the Registry of Ophthalmic Pathology have been presented in the preceding article. 1 The purpose of this paper is to present a unique case of amyloid deposition in the corneal epithelium without fibrovascular invasion of the cornea or concurrent amyloid involvement of the surrounding conjunctival tissues. To the best of our knowledge a similar case has not been reported previously. Report of Case Clinical History. —A white girl was born six weeks prematurely with a birth weight of 3 lb 10 oz (1,645 kg). She was kept in an incubator for four days under an increased tension of atmospheric oxygen. A diagnosis of bilateral retrolental fibroplasia was made at age 3 months, and she became blind in both eyes. Bilateral cataracts and very shallow anterior chambers developed. At about 10½ years of age she began


In the Izu-Ogasawara rc, many Quaternary volcanoes are located in a line parallel to the Izu-Ogasawara Trench. 87Sr/86 ST ratios were determined for 65 samples of Quaternary volcanic rocks, 4 cognate inclusions and one sample of basement rock from 15 volcanic islands and 3 submarine volcanoes. In this arc, the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios in several rocks from the same volcano agree with one another within 0.0002, regardless of the difference of the rock types and the eruptive stages. The ratios of the volcanoes along the volcanic front in the Izu-Ogasawara rc were constant over 1,200 km and were all within the range between 0.7034 and 0.7039, which is significantly lower than those from the Northeast Japan arc (0.7038-0.7044) (NOTSU, 1983). In the northern region of the Izu-Ogasawara rc, across-arc 87Sr/86Sr atio variation was found. The ratios decrease with increasing depth of the Wadati-Benioff zone. Even in the volcanic rocks distant from the volcanic front, the ratios (0.7033-0.7035) were slightly higher than those in normal-type MORB, so it is suggested that a small amount of oceanic sediment, altered basalt or sea water component that accompanies the subducting slab has been contributed to the source magma which originates from a partially melted, upper mantle wedge. This contribution becomes smaller with increasing distance from the volcanic front.


ABSTRACT:Hesder yeshivot are post-high-school institutions within a unique branch of the IDF where religious Zionist yeshiva students spend part of their army service engaged in higher Torah learning and the remainder doing active military service. The hesder (meaning "arrangement" in Hebrew) yeshivot provide a solution to the long-debated issue of army service for religious youth, but they also play an important role as agents for social change in religious Zionist society. The article traces the history of the first hesder yeshviot during the 1960s and 1970s, based on hitherto unexplored archival sources, and assesses their influence on Religious Zionism and the extensive social and religious changes they introduced.


On fractals and inhomogeneous structures that have been studied up to now, a single parameter, the spectral dimension, rules diffusion and vibrational dynamics. However, in principle, two distinct parameters could be necessary to describe the two physical phenomena. In this paper we show the existence of fractal structures where two different spectral dimensions are required. Random walks and vibrational spectrum are studied by renormalization group as well as alternative techniques to obtain the exact values of the dimensions and to clarify the origin of such dynamical dimension splitting.


OBJECTIVES
To explore the association between abnormal uterine artery Dopplers (combined PI > 2.5) - with normal PAPP-A - and adverse obstetric/neonatal outcomes.

METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort study of 800 patients between 1 March 2019 - 23 November 2021 in a tertiary UK hospital, where it is routine to measure uterine artery Dopplers of all pregnancies during their anomaly scans. 400 nulliparous women/birthing people with complete data were included. 400 nulliparous controls scanned in the same time frame (1.5 years) with normal PAPP-A and uterine artery Dopplers were matched for age and BMI. Outcomes included: mode of birth, postpartum complications, birth weight/centile, Apgar score, gestational age at delivery, neonatal unit admission, and clinical neonatal hypoglycemia. Multivariable analysis was used.

RESULTS
Compared to controls, pregnancies with abnormal uterine artery Dopplers and normal PAPP-A were at increased risk of induction (46.5% vs 35.5%, p = .042), cesarean section (46.0% vs 38.0%, p = .002), emergency cesarean section (35.0% vs 26.5%, p = .009), and pre-eclampsia 5.8% vs 2.5%, p = .021). Their babies were more likely to be admitted to the neonatal unit - mostly for prematurity (15.3% vs 6.3%, p = .0004), hypoglycemia (4.0% vs 1.0%, p = .007), be small for gestational age (26.5% vs 11.5%, p = .0001), had intrauterine growth restriction (10.8% vs 1.3%, p = .0001), and be born prematurely (10.0% vs 3.5%, p = .002). Routine measurement of uterine artery Dopplers increased the detection rate of small for gestational age fetuses by 15.1%. Over half of the babies admitted with neonatal hypoglycemia in pregnancies with abnormal uterine artery Dopplers had an unexplained cause.

CONCLUSIONS
Pregnancies with abnormal uterine Dopplers are not only at increased risk of pre-eclampsia and small for gestational age fetuses/intrauterine growth restriction, but are also at increased risk of emergency cesarean section and adverse neonatal outcomes. The increased incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia is likely driven to some degree by prematurity and placental complications, but possibly also by undiagnosed glucose dysmetabolism. This may warrant routine measurement of uterine artery Dopplers in all pregnancies (regardless of risk), where feasible, to aid antenatal management and counseling.


We present a case of hepatectomy in a patient with liver's lymphangioma associated with Situs Inversus Totalis. The first case of medical literature.


Pyrimidine heterocycles are proven to be biologically active heterocycles,
found in many biological systems, displaying a broad spectrum of biological activities including
anticancer, anxiolytic, antioxidant, antiviral, antifungal, anticonvulsant, antidepressant
and antibacterial activities. Recently, various synthetic approaches, synthetic
strategy, the variation of substrates and study devoted towards the evaluation of biological
activities for the pyrimidine heterocycles have been reported in the literature. This review
article describes the synthesis of various biologically interesting pyrimidine heterocyclic
ring systems using various nitrogen building blocks.


A torque-ripple-minimization controller is realized along with indirect position and speed sensing for switched reluctance motors (SRMs). The position and speed estimations are derived from a sliding-mode observer that requires terminal measurements of only phase voltages and currents. The research shows that position- and speed-sensorless observers can be reliably used for control of an SRM. Experimental results using a four-phase, 8/6 SRM and the TMS320C30 digital signal processor are presented. The results demonstrate position- and speed-sensorless closed-loop operation of a torque-ripple-minimized SRM drive.


There is consistent evidence that mood disorders often co‐occur with anxiety disorders, however, the strength of the association of these two broad groups of disorders has been challenging to summarize across different studies. The aim was to conduct a meta‐analysis of publications reporting on the pairwise comorbidity between mood and anxiety disorders after sorting into comparable study types. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the grey literature for publications between 1980 and 2017 regardless of geographical locations and languages. We meta‐analyzed estimates from original articles after sorting by: (a) broad or narrow diagnostic criteria, (b) study time‐frame, and (c) estimates with or without covariate adjustments. Over 43 000 unique studies were identified through electronic searches, of which 391 were selected for full‐text review. Finally, 171 studies were eligible for inclusion, including 53 articles from additional snowball searching. In general, regardless of variations in diagnosis type, study time‐frame, temporal order, or use of adjustments, there was substantial comorbidity between mood and anxiety disorders. Based on the entire 90 separate meta‐analyses, the median OR was 6.1 (range 1.5–18.7). Of these estimates, all 90 were above 1, and 87 were significantly greater than 1 (i.e., the 95% confidence intervals did not include 1). Fourteen of the 90 pooled estimates had ORs that were greater than 10. This systematic review found robust and consistent evidence of comorbidity between broadly defined mood and anxiety disorders. Clinicians should be vigilant for the prompt identification and treatment of this common type of comorbidity.


In this paper, we propose a solution to delegate the control and the management of the network connecting the many devices of a smart environment to a software entity, while keeping end-users in control of what is happening in their networks. For this, we rely on the logical manipulation of all connected devices through device abstraction and network programmability. Applying Software Defined Networking (SDN) principles, we propose a software-based solution that we call Software-Defined LANs in order to interconnect devices of smart environments according to the services the users are requesting or expecting.We define the adequate virtualization framework based on Virtual Objects and Communities of Virtual Objects. Using these virtual entities, we apply the SDN architectural principles to define a generic architecture that can be applied to any smart environment. Then we describe a prototype implementing these concepts in the home networking context, through a scenario in which users of two different homes can easily interconnect two private but shareable DLNA devices in a dedicated video-delivery SD-LAN. Finally we provide a discussion of the benefits and challenges of our approach regarding the generalization of SDN principles, autonomic features, Internet of Things scalability, security and privacy aspects enabled by SD-LANs intrinsic properties.


Three different multiphase systems (MP1-3) comprised of two immiscible liquids, with or without an ionic liquid (IL: methyltrioctyl ammonium chloride), were investigated for the oxidation of 5hydroxymethyl-furfural (HMF) over 5% Ru/C as a catalyst and air (8 bar) as an oxidant. These conditions proved versatile for an excellent control of the reaction selectivity to 4 distinct products derived from full or partial oxidation of the carbonyl and alcohol functions of HMF, each one achieved in 87-96% isolated yield at complete conversion. MP1 based on water and isooctane, yielded 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA, 91% yield). In MP2, obtained by adding the IL to MP1, the oxidation proceeded towards the formation of 5-formyl-2furancarboxylic acid (FFCA: 87-89% yield). MP2 proved also successful in the design of a one pot - two step oxidation/reduction sequence to prepare 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (HMFCA, 85% yield). In MP3, the use of an acetonitrile/cyclooctane biphase yielded 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF, 96% yield). All the multiphase systems MP1-3 allowed a perfect segregation of the catalyst in a single phase (either the hydrocarbon or the IL) distinct from the one containing HMF and its oxidation products. This was crucial not only for the catalyst/product separation but also for the recycle of Ru/C that was possible under all the tested conditions. Accordingly, MP-reaction were run in a semicontinuous mode without removing the catalyst from the reactor nor resorting to conventional separation and activation techniques. Ru leaching was < 0.96 ppb in all cases.


Vision is a physical sense, whereas olfaction and gustation are chemical senses. Active sensing might function in vision, olfaction, and gustation, whereas passive sensing might function in vision and olfaction but not gustation. To investigate whether each sensory property affected synchrony perception, participants in this study performed simultaneity judgment (SJ) for three cross-modal combinations using visual (red LED light), olfactory (coumarin), and gustatory (NaCl solution) stimuli. We calculated the half-width at half-height (HWHH) and point of subjective simultaneity (PSS) on the basis of temporal distributions of simultaneous response rates in each combination. Although HWHH did not differ significantly among three cross-modal combinations, HWHH exhibited a higher value in cross-modal combinations involving one or two chemical stimuli than in combinations of two physical stimuli, reported in a previous study. The PSS of the olfactory–visual combination was approximately equal to the point of objective simultaneity (POS), whereas the PSS of visual–gustatory, and olfactory–gustatory combinations receded significantly from the POS. In order to generalize these results as specific to chemical senses in regard to synchrony perception, we need to determine whether the same phenomena will be reproduced when performing SJ for various cross-modal combinations using visual, olfactory, and gustatory stimuli other than red LED light, coumarin, and NaCl solution.


Report on 35 cases of mallet finger treated conservatively: a circular plaster cast was modeled in hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint. The immobilisation of the whole finger form the tip to the proximal phalanx was maintained for six weeks. The reported results were good or excellent with the exception of two cases.


Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemias arise as a result of cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. The most common types of acute myeloid leukemia arising in this setting are acute myeloid leukemia with maturation, and lesser numbers of acute myelomonocytic leukemia, acute monocytic leukemia, acute erythroleukemia, or acute megakaryocytic leukemia. We present a patient with multiple myeloma who was treated with melphalan and 4 years later developed acute erythroid leukemia. The morphologic diagnosis of pure erythroid leukemia developing in the setting of multiple myeloma may be challenging.


In mountainous landscapes with weak, fine-grained rocks, earthflows can dominate erosion and landscape evolution by supplying sediment to channels and controlling hillslope morphology. To estimate the contribution of earthflows to regional sediment budgets and identify patterns of landslide activity, earthflow movement needs to be quantified over significant spatial and temporal scales. Presently, there is a paucity of data that can be used to predict earthflow behavior beyond the seasonal scale or over spatially extensive study areas. Across 226 km^2 of rapidly eroding Franciscan Complex rocks of the Eel River catchment, northern California, we used a combination of LiDAR (light detection and ranging) and orthorectified historical aerial photographs to objectively map earthflow movement between 1944 and 2006. By tracking the displacement of trees growing on earthflow surfaces, we find that 7.3% of the study area experienced movement over this 62 yr interval, preferentially in sheared argillaceous lithology. This movement is distributed across 122 earthflow features that have intricate, elongate planform shapes, a preferred south-southwesterly aspect, and a mean longitudinal slope of 31%. The distribution of mapped earthflow areas is well-approximated by a lognormal distribution with a median size of 36,500 m^2. Approximately 6% of the study area is composed of earthflows that connect to major channels; these flows generated an average sediment yield of 19,000 t km^(−2) yr^(−1) (rock erosion rate of ∼7.6 mm/yr) over the 62 yr study period, equating to a regional yield of 1100 t km^(−2) yr^(−1) (∼0.45 mm/yr) if distributed across the study area. As such, a small fraction of the landscape can account for half of the regional denudation rate estimated from suspended sediment records (2200 t km^(−2) yr^(−1) or ∼0.9 mm/yr). We propose a conceptual model for long-term earthflow evolution wherein earthflows experience intermittent activity and long periods of dormancy when limited by the availability of readily mobilized sediment on upper slopes. Ultimately, high-order river channels and ephemeral gully networks may serve to destabilize hillslopes, controlling the evolution of earthflow-prone terrain.


To date, Western Australian lesbian and gay history has attracted little analytic attention. It is under-researched and scarcely documented. This thesis aims to (partially) redress this lack.

The thesis is not, however, a general history of lesbian and gay presence in Western Australia. It has a specific focus - that of social change, or the ways in which actual social practices and possibilities are transformed. To this end, the thesis investigates the activities of several WA lesbian and gay organisations, especially the ways in which they ordered and re-ordered practical social worlds in, and as a part of, their interactions. Almost all instances of social activity investigated occurred in the two decades beginning 1970.

The investigations rely upon a recently developed approach to social action, called ethnogenealogy (or effective semiotics). This approach provides a touchstone between two existing analytics - ethnomethodology and Foucauldian discourse analysis. For my purposes, ethnogenealogy provides a means of investigating instances of social ordering (in its specificity and local contingency) and re-ordering in relation to lesbians and gay men. To borrow from Foucault's remark concerning the contingency of history- that 'things may always have been otherwise' - this thesis investigates instances in which lesbian and gay related activities and social facts were indeed made 'otherwise'.

Although the specificities of particular instances of ordering and reordering are often lost in historical and social analyses, the thesis demonstrates that it may be possible to partially reconstruct them in their in situ specificity. So doing provides a different picture than is the case when a broad-brush approach is used. The point is twofold: to set aside hypostatising and anachronistic accounting of lesbian and gay history and to explicate some of what it is that changes, and how it does so, when things are made otherwise. As part of these considerations, the thesis investigates how 'identity' and 'community' may actually work in social transformation, specifically when taken as tools or devices for (rather than merely outcomes of) social action.

Although various social movements may claim to have definite, broad effects, my analysis shows that they remain compelled to work with a multitude of local, specific, and so-called 'micro' materials that are to hand. As such, the thesis argues that it is incumbent upon social historians to make their best efforts to identify these materials and hence to reconstruct, rather than assume, the actual practices and processes. of social change.


Introduction: For a successful prosthodontic rehabilitation, accurate and economic shade selection methods are warranted. Shade selection with digital cameras and various commonly used digital displays can be suggested as an alternative to expensive colorimetric instruments and inaccurate visual shade selection. To digitalize prosthetic rehabilitation, standards need to be set on minimum digital specifications required to capture and communicate accurate shade selection. This study aimed to establish a minimum specification required for a digital image, to achieve the most accurate result in prosthodontic shade selection, using digital photography. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 dental professionals with normal color vision. Sixteen shade tabs were randomly selected from two commonly used shade guides and were photographed using four different commonly used digital cameras under standardized settings. After dividing the shade tabs into four groups randomly, the images were displayed on four different outputs. Participants were made to match the outputs to a complete set of shade guide. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the proportion of correct responses. Chi-square test was used to test for the presence of statistical association between the groups. Results: For digital shade evaluation, output from the compact camera (Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) with an effective output of 14 megapixel showed higher number of responses in terms of accuracy, in comparison with other devices which produced digital outputs with a higher pixel density. The shades were identified best on outputs with a higher pixel density of 2560 × 1600-pixel resolution, followed by full HD LCD display (1920 × 1080-pixel resolution). Conclusion: This study recommends digital photography using a 14-MP camera as a minimum specification for shade selection. For display outputs, laptops with a screen resolution of at least 1920 × 1080, calibrated in standard red, green, blue color space is recommended for visual shade selection.


It is shown that the lowest-order photon-photon scattering amplitude in quantum electrodynamics is manifestly gauge invariant when calculated using the dimensional regularization prescription.


Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of broilers and analyze the comparative economical effects of two concepts of protein given to two lines of broilers (Hybro G and Hybro PG) reared during cold weather, average of 16 C and RH of 72%. The broilers were fed to diets formulated based on the concept of crude protein (PB) with addition of aminoacids or on the ideal protein (PI), from 1 to 42 days of age for both sexes. The experimental design in both experiments was entirely randomized in a factorial 2 x 2 (2 protein concept vs 2 lines). The males did not show evidence and the interaction between protein vs lines for all variables studied, however, males receiving crude protein had higher fed consumption, but, had a lower weight gain and worse fed conversion compared to ideal protein, For females there was an interaction for fed conversion, where broilers of the line PG receiving PI were more efficient than those of the concept PB. For the same category, analyzing the isolated effects, there was no significant difference for feed consumption, but females of PI were heavier than those of PB. The economical analysis of the results showed that the formulation of the PI concept for both sexes is worth.


The static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), as a series compensator, has two ways of controlling the magnitude of the compensation, which are called 1) the constant reactance mode and 2) the constant quadrature voltage mode. In the constant reactance mode, the voltage, injected by SSSC, is proportional to the line current. In the constant quadrature voltage mode, the injected voltage of the SSSC is a constant that is in quadrature to the line current. This paper investigates the influence of the two modes on the damping power, synchronizing power, and transient stability limit of a radial power system. Eigenvalue analysis and digital simulation using HYPERSIM show that when the SSSC is in the constant reactance mode it provides higher damping power, synchronizing power, and transient stability limit than the case when the SSSC is in the constant quadrature voltage mode.


The CSULB BUILD Program, funded by the NIH, offers intensive research-training opportunities for undergraduate students interested in pursuing a research career in biomedical research using innovative methods across a number of different disciplines


Sub-Saharan Africa has languished in recent decades - a period in which countries elsewhere in the world (especially in East and Southeast Asia) have made substantial progress in terms of economic and human development. It is widely recognised that high levels of savings, together with investment in physical and human capital, have been among a number of key factors that have led to such success. Uganda is an economy in sub-Saharan Africa that has shown some promise of success in the 1990s. It has enjoyed macroeconomic stability and a rapid rate of economic growth. However, in some other respects, the country retains features that give cause for concern for future development. Poverty in the rural areas remains widespread, and the domestic savings rate is amongst the lowest in the world. Drawing on the results of a survey carried out in 1997, this paper explores the reasons underlying the persistence of poverty in rural Uganda, and investigates aspects of saving and borrowing behaviour in households. The potential role of microcredit arrangements in alleviating poverty (and in generating a flow of savings) is examined, and the conditions that may favour success in the operation of microcredit schemes are evaluated. Keywords; Uganda, sub-Saharan Africa, poverty, structural adjustment, savings, financial markets JEL classification: O16


The integration of electronics and optics with miniature fluidic systems has produced remarkable capabilities that have spawned a new industry, primarily in the past decade. Devices made by several companies, most of them start-ups, enable point-of-care analyses for clinical samples and on-site field studies, as well as providing instruments for research and development. The companies, the materials and processes they use to make devices, and the markets that are served, are the subjects of this overview of the microfluidics industry. Microfluidic chips are part of the field of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). This is the case since they are made by the micromachining processes developed in the field of MEMS, whether or not they have moving parts. Instruments based on microfluidic chips are likely to become smaller and more widely used in the coming years. The chips themselves are candidates for even greater technical integration.


The study was carried out to assess the level of awareness and perception of urban forestry among residents of Gboko town, Benue State, Nigeria. Stratified Random Sampling Technique was adopted for the study. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used for data analysis. The results showed that majority of the respondents' (56.6%) were male, 65.1% were married and 52.6% had tertiary education. The results also showed that a good number of the respondents (36.2%) were within the age bracket of 31- 40 years. Edible fruits/leaves/seeds/ oils was ranked as number one perceived benefit of urban forestry, fallen leaves and flowers was ranked as number one perceived risk posed by trees. Majority (52%) of the respondents identified lack of proper care for urban trees as the major problem faced by urban trees in the area. Most of the respondents (65.1%) were willing to volunteer time for urban tree planting enlightenment/campaigns. The results also showed that 68.1% of the respondents have never participated in urban forestry activities, (44.7%) agreed they visit parks/gardens once or twice a month and (61.3%) said they visited Parks for relaxation purposes. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) on the relationship between respondents' sex and their awareness of urban trees and between respondents' sex and their perceived problems posed by urban trees. However, there was significant difference (p<0.05) between male and female respondents' perceived aesthetic value of urban trees. It was established that urban trees in the area not well cared for. It was recommended that local and state governments should reawaked interest in urban forestry. Keywords: perceived benefit, ecosystem services, perceived problems, perceived risk, volunteer


BACKGROUND/AIM
The extent of gastric resection and lymphadenectomy for curative treatment of distal gastric cancer remains controversial. The present study investigated the efficacy of total resection of the lesser curvature as radical surgery for distal gastric carcinoma.

METHODOLOGY
Patients with pathologically confirmed advanced distal gastric cancer seen at our hospital from 2003 to 2006 were randomly selected to receive either total resection of lesser curvature (Group A, N=60) or traditional subtotal gastrectomy (Group B, N=60), both with D2 lymph node dissection. Patient and tumor characteristics, lymph node metastases, and surgical outcomes were analyzed.

RESULTS
Three-year survival rates were 56.7% and 28.3% for Groups A and B, respectively (p = 0.042). A total of 467 (30.5%) and 225 (24.7%) tumor-positive lymph nodes were resected in Groups A and B, respectively (p = 0.002). Tumor recurrence rate was 1.6% (1/60) in Group A and 11.6% (7/60) in Group B (p = 0.061).

CONCLUSION
Total resection of the lesser curvature with D2 level lymph node dissection prolonged patient survival and decreased tumor recurrence. This surgical approach should be considered for the treatment of patients with distal gastric carcinoma.


It is noted that the model is designed to create the largest possible pressure change in the cheese whey in the extractor, since the rate of transfer of the target components is proportional to the pressure difference at the ends of the capillaries. The mathematical description of impregnation as the main or important auxiliary operation is given in detail. The equations for the impregnated part of the capillary, the ratio of impregnation rates at different times are given. From the above dependencies, the equation Washburne regarding the time of impregnation. The formulas for calculating the volume of extractant passed through the capillary, serum and forced out of the capillary air taking into account the viscous resistance of the latter. After integration of the equation of the speed of capillary impregnation of the obtained expression allows to estimate the final value of the impregnation in the initial stage. For different cases of capillary impregnation expressions are written at atmospheric pressure, vacuuming and overpressure. The introduction of dimensionless values allowed to simplify the solution and to obtain an expression for calculating the time of pore impregnation. The analysis of the equation of dimensionless impregnation time taking into account the application of low-frequency mechanical vibrations is made. It is noted that the processes of impregnation and extraction occur simultaneously, so the impregnation time is often neglected, which impoverishes the understanding of the physics of the process, reduces the accuracy of the calculation. Taking into account the diffusion unsteadiness of the process of substance transfer due to hydrodynamic unsteadiness, the equation containing the effective diffusion coefficient is written. The equation of unsteady diffusion for a spherical lupine particle in a batch extractor is supplemented with initial and boundary conditions. Taking into account the balance equation, the kinetic equation of the process is obtained. We studied the distribution of pores in the particle lupine along the radii and squares, the calculated value of the porosity of the particle. The values of De and Bi are determined by the method of graphical solution of the balance equation, the equation of kinetics and the parameters included in these equations. Conclusions on the work.


The characteristics of the lowest 1P autoionizing states of the Sr atom, which are excited by a weak electromagnetic field, and also the parameters, which determine the electronic and radiative decay (harmonic generation) of these states under multistep laser excitation through the intermediate discrete states 5s5d 1D and 5p2 1D, are determined. The line profiles of the resonances in the ejected photon and electron spectra are obtained. The calculation is carried out in the diagonalization approximation, the state classification is based on the LS-coupling scheme and the coupling of photon and electron decay channels is allowed for. The theoretical results agree with the experimental data on the excitation of the 1P autoionizing states obtained using linear and non-linear optics.


The new scourge represented by allergic diseases should be given prophylaxis of two kinds. In the first place, there should be scientific prevention at the level of industrial production, replacing the products intended for agriculture or rendering them nonsensitizing, together with the chemical radicles with a reducing effect, which are strongly allergizing. In the second place, this prophylaxis should be based on rational body hygiene, in particular, of the hands and feet, using specially studied oxygenating soaps (like Vita Soap) in order to prevent the implantation of micro-organisms and perspiration, and at the same time alkalinization of the skin. The farmer's resistance to allergy, and even that of his animals, should be reinforced by vaccination, by well known antistaphylococcal "Divasta" from Institut Pasteur, thus combating the primary and endemic allergies due to microorganisms and parasites, which pave the way for secondary chemical allergy.


Benzylinedeneacetone (BZA) is a bacterial metabolite which is synthesized by at least two entomopathogenic bacteria, namely Xenorhabdus nematophila and Photorhabdus temperata subsp. temperata. It has been shown to possess inhibitory effects on insect cellular and humoral immune responses as well as antimicrobial activities against various species of bacteria and fungi. However, its relatively high phytotoxicity, and nonsystematic effect have thus far prevented its development into an optimal pesticide. This study screened five different BZA derivatives in order to select an optimal compound, which would have relatively high solubility and low phytotoxicity while retaining sufficient degrees of the immunosuppressive and antimicrobial activities associated with BZA. Hydroxylation of the benzene ring of BZA was found to significantly suppress its immunosuppressive and antimicrobial activities. Transformation of the ketone of BZA by carboxylation also suppressed the inhibitory activities. However, a shortening of the aliphatic chain of BZA into acetate form (4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid: HPA) did not decrease the inhibitory activity. HPA also showed much less phytotoxicity against the hot pepper plant Capsicum annuum, when compared to BZA. This study identified an optimal BZA derivative, which exhibited relatively little phytotoxicity, but retained a high degree of inhibitory activity to suppress insect immune responses and antimicrobial activities against plant pathogens.


Chenodeoxycholate was administered to 13 patients with cholesterol gallstones. During the treatment period the bile composition changed markedly. Chenodeoxycholate increased from 42.9% of the total bile salts before treatment to 79.3% after 8 weeks of treatments. Ursodeoxycholate increased from 2.3 to 12.6% and lithocholate from 1.1 to 3.3%. In contrast, cholate decreased from 40.3% of the total bile salts to 3.1% and deoxycholate decreased from 12.5 to 2.5%. Less than 5% of chenodeoxycholate, ursodeoxycholate, cholate and deoxycholate in bile were sulfate esters. In contrast, considerable amounts of lithocholate were sulfated. The sulfation of lithocholate increased from 32.8% of the total lithocholate before treatment to 73.9% after 8 weeks of treatment. Sulfated lithocholate is more rapidly eliminated in feces and urine than the nonsulfated compound. Furthermore, sulfated lithocholate is less toxic. Therefore, the increase in the sulfation of lithocholate observed in most of our patients represents a protective mechanism.


Suicide is a phenomenon existing amongst university students worldwide, generally associated with mental health problems. Although the evidence has revealed a greater psychosocial vulnerability amongst Social Work students, there are few studies that address this reality. This work, thus, has focused on detecting the risk of suicide amongst undergraduate Social Work students at Spanish universities. A total of 511 students (89 per cent female) at eighteen Spanish universities completed an online questionnaire assessing both support and risk factors for suicide. A total of 28.8 per cent reported suicidal ideation, 15.3 per cent planned suicide and 24.9 per cent presented suicide risk. Logistic regression analysis showed that this risk was, understandably, associated with higher depressive symptomatology, lower perceived social support and lower life satisfaction. The results obtained indicate the prevalence of the risk of suicide ideation, planning and the imminent risk of suicide amongst Social Work students at Spanish universities, and this study's findings have specific implications for the university Social Work community, and for governmental, academic and university bodies in general.


THIS volume is no. 10 in the New Series Publications of the Ethnographical Museum of Sweden, a series one associates with the respected name of Lindblom. The author's sub-title describes it as ' an ethno-sociological study of the institutions of blood-brotherhood with special reference to Africa '—an accurate summary of its contents. The first chapter cites examples of the pact of blood-brotherhood from various parts of the world outside Africa. The second chapter gives what information the literature provides on the custom as it is found in Africa, the continent being covered region by region. The author has made an exhaustive search for its occurrence in books on African subjects and he is to be commended not only for bringing together this widely dispersed information but also for the clear and fair way he has set it down; so that should anyone not agree with his conclusions and wish to formulate others he has before him all the relevant material presented without bias. There are also two distribution maps, a number of illustrations, and a bibliography. The third, and final, chapter is devoted to a summary and to the statement of some conclusions. The author is of the opinion that the facts seem to support those who hold, with regard to the relation of the blood bond to the bond of true kinship, that community of blood is a European concept and not primitive.' Generally speaking ', he says,' the African does not regard kinship as a community of blood. We might almost certainly search in vain for an instance where kinship is referred to in terms of blood.' He is further of the opinion that there is no ' notion of sociological identification between clan brothers and bloodbrothers '. He further concludes that, ' the blood used in the rite of blood-brotherhood has a magical significance. It is not so much the vehicle of the spell or curse as the material element of a magical complex, its association with the curse and the rite often making it the "medicine "parprifirence' Anthropologists in general, and Africanists in particular, will find this book a useful compendium of information which also brings out the most important features of a form of social relationship which has a wide distribution.


Handwritten identification is a technique of automatic person identification play important role in economic dispute case. In this paper, we propose a new dataset system of Economic Dispute handwritten (DSEDH) based on stroke shape and structure Features. The system consists of CIMS, CPIS, HMS, HIS Subsystem, segmentation of character, recognition of handwritten, this system with high efficiency and accuracy of compute. This system is running on integration of VC++, MATLAB. Database is Microsoft SQL Server. By this DSEDH system, management data of Economic Dispute handwritten can be obtained accurately. system offers a new efficient method for management of handwritten.


Subjects in economic laboratory experiments have clearly expressed an interest in behaving unselfishly. They cooperate in prisoners' dilemma games, they give to public goods, and they leave money on the table when bargaining. While some are tempted to call this behavior irrational, economists should ask if this unselfish and altruistic behavior is indeed self-interested. That is, can subjects' concerns for altruism or fairness be expressed in the economists' language of a well-behaved preference ordering? If so, then behavior is consistent and meets our definition of rationality. This paper explores this question by applying the axioms of revealed preference to the altruistic actions of subjects. If subjects adhere to these axioms, such as GARP, then we can infer that a continuous, convex, and monotonic utility function could have generated their choices. This means that an economic model is sufficient to understand the data and that, in fact, altruism is rational. We do this by offering subjects several opportunities to share a surplus with another anonymous subject. However, the costs of sharing and the surplus available vary across decisions. This price and income variation creates budgets for altruistic activity that allow us to test for an underlying preference ordering. We found that subjects exhibit a significant degree of rationally altruistic behavior. Over 98% of our subjects made choices that are consistent with utility maximization. Only a quarter of subjects are selfish money-maximizers, and the rest show varying degrees of altruism. Perhaps most strikingly, almost half of the subjects exhibited behavior that is exactly consistent with one of three standard CES utility functions: perfectly selfish, perfect substitutes, or Leontief. Those with Leontief preferences are always dividing the surplus equally, while those with perfect substitutes preferences give everything away when the price of giving is less than one, but keep everything when the price of giving is greater than one. Using the data on choices, we estimated a population of utility functions and applied these to predict the results of other studies. We found that our results could successfully characterize the outcomes of other studies, indicating still further that altruism can be captured in an economic model.


We study finite horizon optimal control where the controller is subject to sensor-information constraints, that is, each input has access to a fixed subset of states at all times. In particular, we consider linear systems affected by exogenous disturbances with state and input constraints. We establish the class of sensor-information structures that allows for the formulation of this optimization problem as a convex program. In the literature, Quadratic Invariance (QI) is a well-established result that is applicable to the infinite horizon unconstrained case. We show that, despite state and inputs constraints being enforced, QI results can be naturally adapted to our problem. To this end, we highlight and exploit the connection between Youla parametrization and disturbance-feedback policies. Additionally, we provide graph-theoretic visual insight which is consistent with Partially Nested (PN) interpretations.


Abstract The quantification of nutrients accumulated and exported by banana bunches provides information on the crop nutritional requirements. Thus, the aim of this work was to determine the nutritional demand of 'Grande Naine' and 'Prata Comum' banana bunches in the region of Vale do Ribeira, state of São Paulo. Bunch sampling was carried out in six harvest seasons, summer, and winter. The results of dry matter production and nutrient accumulation in bunches were submitted to analysis of variance. Relative growth rates (TCR), organogenic net accumulation (TALON), export and order of nutrient accumulation in bunches were estimated. K and N were the nutrients most accumulated and exported by both cultivars. In har-vest period 5 (commercial harvest), more dry matter was produced in the summer and more nutrients were accumulated in the winter. The highest TCR values were observed between periods 2 and 3 in the summer and between 0 and 1 in the winter, but it did not always follow TALON. The results obtained are important to adapt the nutritional management of these cultivars to the study region, especially in relation to the growing season, due to the longer permanence of the bunch on the plant in the winter and greater demand for nutrients until commercial harvest.


We present and implement a new scheme for extended multichannel selective femtosecond coherent control based on symmetry properties of the excitation channels. Here, an atomic nonresonant two-photon absorption channel is coherently incorporated in a resonance-mediated (2+1) three-photon absorption channel. By proper pulse shaping, utilizing the invariance of the two-photon absorption to specific phase transformations of the pulse, the three-photon absorption is tuned independently over an order-of-magnitude yield range for any possible two-photon absorption yield. Noticeable is a set of "two-photon dark pulses" inducing widely tunable three-photon absorption.


In the twenty-first century and under the framework of the fourth industrial revolution, virtual leadership emerged as a new way to direct and lead companies and organizations in the public and private sectors. In this regard, it should be mentioned that this situation is the result of the profound effects and changes of the digital revolution in the business world, which are a consequence of the globalization process and the rise of the so-called Information Technology and Telecommunications (ICT). Therefore, the objective of this narrative literature review is to know what has been written about virtual leadership between 2016 and 2021. As a result, 58 sources of information were reviewed, their level of scientific evidence was evaluated, and opportunities for growth and development in business and commercial activities were identified. In addition, a business management alternative to mitigate the impacts of the new Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic was analyzed. Hence, this paper is highly relevant, as it also considers elements such as personalized communication and digital tools. In conclusion, it was found that virtual work generates benefits, including time savings and quick contact. However, it presents challenges for leaders, such as the challenge of connectivity, motivation, and collaborators' commitment.


After many decades of inner-city decline and massive suburbanization during the post-socialist transition of the 1990s, in eastern Germany there has been recently evolving a new, specific phenomenon: the simultaneousness of shrinkage, fading suburbanization and rising reurbanization. In this paper, the focus is on processes of reurbanization. Starting from a critical debate of conceptual approaches, the paper aims to scrutinize whether reurbanization can serve as an appropriate explanatory framework for the currently changing patterns of spatial development in eastern Germany. Reurbanization is applied to both processes on the urban macro-scale and the meso-scale of inner-city districts. By using regional, local and small-scale data from municipal statistics and questionnaire surveys, reurbanization processes will be analysed mainly for the city of Leipzig. In our paper, we argue that there is evidence for reurbanization in the sense of the model by van den Berg et al. (1982) mainly for some bigger cities since 2000. It occurs as an increasing in-migration as well as diminishing out-migration from the inner city. Taken together, reurbanization processes lead to a stabilization of the housing function of the core city.


Data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Childcare and Youth Development (N = 1,364) were used to investigate children's trajectories of academic and social development across 1st, 3rd, and 5th grades. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine within- and between-child associations among maternal and teacher reports of parent involvement and children's standardized achievement scores, social skills, and problem behaviors. Findings suggest that within-child improvements in parent involvement predict declines in problem behaviors and improvements in social skills but do not predict changes in achievement. Between-child analyses demonstrated that children with highly involved parents had enhanced social functioning and fewer behavior problems. Similar patterns of findings emerged for teacher and parent reports of parent involvement. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.


Presents an experimental and theoretical investigation of the sources of error in the measurement of Planck's constant using the photoelectric effect. It points out the approximate nature of the Einstein photoelectric equation and gives details of a method of determining h which avoids the problems of measuring 'cut-off' potentials. The design of a simple photodiode is also given which does not suffer from having a detectable reverse photocurrent or leakage current. Finally there is a brief discussion of the early measurements of h which attempts to show how some important misconceptions have arisen.


Electrochemical conversion of N2 into ammonia presents a sustainable pathway to produce hydrogen storage carrier but yet requires further advancement in electrocatalyst design and electrolyzer integration. This technology suffers from low selectivity and yield owing to the extremely strong N≡N bond and the exceptionally low solubility of N2 in aqueous systems. A high NH3 synthesis performance is restricted by the high activation energy of N≡N bond and the supply insufficiency of N2 to active sites. This paper describes the introduction of electron-rich Bi0 sites into Ag catalysts with a high-pressure electrolyzer that enables a dramatically enhanced Faradaic efficiency of 44.0% and yield of 28.43 μg cm-2 h-1 at 4.0 MPa. Combined with density functional theory results, in situ attenuated total reflectance surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy demonstrates that N2 reduction reaction follows an associative mechanism, in which a high coverage of N-N bond and -NH2 intermediates suggest electron-rich Bi0 boosts sound activation of N2 molecules and low hydrogenation barrier. The proposed strategy of engineering electrochemical catalysts and devices provides powerful guidelines for achieving industrial-level green ammonia production.


Three-dimensional (3D) seismic surveys are always more often used both in oil prospection and in near surface problems to handle complex geological structures. At the same time surface wave methods are often coupled to other seismic techniques (2D seismic reflection or refraction) where it is possible the use of seismic data to retrieve dispersion curve along the seismic line. In this work the possibilities and the limits of retrieving dispersion curves from 3D seismic acquisition scheme are analysed. Several tests based on synthetic and real data show that the estimated dispersion curves are in agreement with the dispersion curves estimated through the traditional methods. Furthermore, in case of "cross-spread" acquisition schemes, the proposed processing approach can be used to retrieve 3D subsoil models, also for inaccessible areas.


The arthropod assemblages occurring in the canopies of tropical, subtropical and cool temperate sites have been sampled using a pyrethrum knockdown technique. Details of the techniques used and the climate and vegetation of the areas studied are presented together with an analysis of the distribution of individual arthropods across Orders. An approach using generalized linear modelling partitioned the variance in numbers among sites within forest types and across the three forest types. The effects of both these components were significant. The differences between the ordinal signatures of each forest type are discussed and a number of hypotheses proposed to account for these differences, based on knowledge of the biology of the groups concerned. For the tropical and subtropical sites a comparison was made between samples collected in the low to mid-canopy with ones collected in the high canopy. Numbers of both insects and non-insects collected differed significantly with height in the subtropical forest and the distribution of insects across Orders was also significantly different in this forest type. In the tropical forests numbers of insects differed significantly between the two strata but neither the numbers of non-insects nor the ordinal profiles of either insects or non-insects were shown to be significantly different.


Understanding the variations in trading price (volatility), and its response to exogenous information, is a well-researched topic in finance. In this study, we focus on finding stable and accurate volatility predictors for a relatively new asset class of cryptocurrencies, in particular Bitcoin, using deep learning representations of public social media data obtained from Twitter. For our experiments, we extracted semantic information and user statistics from over 30 million Bitcoin-related tweets, in conjunction with 15-minute frequency price data over a horizon of 144 days. Using this data, we built several deep learning architectures that utilized different combinations of the gathered information. For each model, we conducted ablation studies to assess the influence of different components and feature sets over the prediction accuracy. We found statistical evidences for the hypotheses that: (i) temporal convolutional networks perform significantly better than both classical autoregressive models and other deep learning-based architectures in the literature, and (ii) tweet author meta-information, even detached from the tweet itself, is a better predictor of volatility than the semantic content and tweet volume statistics. We demonstrate how different information sets gathered from social media can be utilized in different architectures and how they affect the prediction results. As an additional contribution, we make our dataset public for future research.


Background In nuclear medicine, [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (18-FDG) is usually administered in unit doses partitioned from multi-dose vials in radiopharmacy. Administration can be performed manually or automatically. In a nuclear medicine department where the dispensing system used is the Unidose by TRASIS, administrations have to be performed manually. The infusion sets selected should reduce radiation exposure to the staff involved, improve administration accuracy and mitigate contamination. Purpose To assess four infusion devices. There is no guideline for the 18-FDG infusion device. Material and methods The evaluation focused on five criteria: The feasibility of infusion device by in vitro assessment of a dye path into the tubing. The ergonomics of use by staff evaluated with a satisfaction scale. The skin exposure of staff hands measured by thermoluminiscent dosimeters placed on three staff fingers during infusion. The 18-FDG adsorption in the tubing by measuring residual radioactivity after infusion and rinsing. The devices costs. The four devices tested were: (1) a conventional infusion device with a 3 way stopcock (n=10), (2) a device with a 3 way stopcock and 2 non-return valves (n=9), (3) an infusion device marketed by DORAN with a 3 way stopcock and two non-return valves (n=8) and (4) a device marketed by TRASIS without a 3 way stopcock but with 2 non-return valves (n=6). Results The feasibility study revealed that device (4) showed a slight dye path in the opposite direction of the infusion. The ergonomics study revealed that the luer-lock movable extremities for devices (1) and (4) and the length of devices (3) and (4) were appreciated. The staff hands skin's exposure indicated relative improvement in radioprotection with devices (3) and (4) (respectively, 4.61 and 521.10-5 mgy/MBq and 9.24 and 643.10-5 mgy/MBq for devices (1) and (2), respectively) if we focus on the most exposed finger. The 18-FDG adsorption showed no significant difference between devices (< 0.01% of initial radioactivity, p < 0.05). The price gradually increased between devices (1) and (4) (from €0.4 to €4.97 TTC/device). Conclusion The results suggest staff choices as device (3) or (4). Nevertheless, staff training is necessary for optimal use of these devices. No conflict of interest


The prelaunch thermal transients in the cryogenic oxidizer tank of liquid propulsion rocket subjected to uniform heat flux from outside are numerically analyzed through thermodynamic equations and heat and mass transfer relations. The prelaunch stage is assumed to be composed of five idealized sub-stages including pressurization process by helium gas injection. The Peng-Robinson equation of state is utilized in the lumped analysis of ullage gas. The liquid region is divided into a number of horizontal layers of uniform properties to account for the thermal stratification. The computational result for the typical case shows that the temperature rise of liquid oxidizer is less than 1K and the adsorbed helium into the liquid is approximately 10g.


Nocturnal asthma is an important part of asthma as the majority of patients with asthma have nocturnal worsening in lung function. The etiology of this process is multifactorial and interactive. There are many naturally occurring circadian rhythms, which for the normal individual have only a minor effect on lung function. However, in the asthmatic patient, these day-to-night alterations produce increased airway inflammation and worsening of asthma. Although asthma is considered an airway disease, the location of the inflammatory response may be greater in the alveolar tissue area. If correct, this could alter the therapeutic approach to this disease.


Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a therapeutic challenge with high mortality rates despite intensive and myeloablative therapies. Structural and sequence alterations have been linked to outcomes in pediatric AML and have been used for risk-based therapy allocation with modest success. Given the vast heterogeneity of AML, conventional cytogenetic and mutational (cytomolecular) biomarkers have not yielded a robust prognostic model: nearly one-third of pediatric patients deemed "low risk" relapse and, inversely, approximately one-third of those in "high risk" categories have favorable outcomes. AML studies in adults previously identified a leukemia stem cell score (LSC17) that was highly prognostic across five independent cohorts comprised of adult patients with diverse AML subtypes (n = 908). We reasoned that incorporating a similar scoring system in pediatric AML would lead to improved prognostic risk models.
 To assess for the effects of LSC17 on pediatric AML, we leveraged transcriptome sequencing data from bone marrow aspirates and peripheral blood collected from 1,503 children, adolescents, and young adults with AML at the time of diagnosis. Patients were enrolled on one of three upfront phase III Children's Oncology Group trials spanning the past three decades: CCG-2961, AAML0531, and AAML1031. In aggregate, patients with a high LSC17 score had an event free survival (EFS) of 36.9 ± 3.5% at 5 years from diagnosis compared to 55.3 ± 3.7% for those with low LSC17 scores (p < 0.0001). (Figure 1A) LSC17 scores were also associated with adverse overall survival (OS): 51.9 ± 3.9% versus 73.8 ± 3.5% (p < 0.0001) (data not shown). Intriguingly, we found that LSC17 scores significantly cluster within fusion groups and that median LSC17 scores closely correlate with survival based on fusion status (Figure 1B). Thus, when the impact of LSC17 scores was evaluated in the context of established cytomolecular risk groups, LSC17 scores were no longer predictive of outcome (Figure 1C). We then asked whether LSC gene expression data could be utilized to generate a more robust risk classification schema in the context of disease defining structural variants. Importantly, AMLs diagnosed in children, adolescents, and young adults are associated with frequent driver gene fusion alterations that also play an important role in risk stratification and transcriptional landscape (Figure 1D). We went on to confirm that AML fusion groups occupy distinct transcriptional stages of hematopoietic stem cell and myeloid progenitor maturation based on gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) using normal hematopoiesis transcriptome experiments as their reference (data not shown).
 To develop more predictive biomarkers related to stemness, we used the 54 original LSC genes identified by Ng S, et al. and performed linear regression based on a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm to fit a Cox regression model for patients within each fusion group. The study population was divided into discovery (n = 752) and validation (n = 752) cohorts using stratified randomization based on fusion status (RUNX1-RUNX1T1, CBFB-MYH11, KMT2A, NUP98, CBFA2T3-GLIS2, and Other/None). In the discovery cohort, we identified distinct LSC signatures that best distinguished outcome cohorts in patients with conventional high/standard risk disease (KMT2A, NUP98, and Other/None fusions) (Figure 1E). For patients deemed favorable risk (RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and CBFB-MYH11 or core binding factor/CBF), LSC signatures were not reliably predictive based on "leave one out" cross validation. Therefore, we performed multivariable analysis incorporating clinical, mutational, and transcriptional signatures to determine the factors that best discriminated outcomes with CBF AML, and found GLIS2-like transcriptional signatures were most predictive. These cytomolecular and LSC (CM-LSC) biomarkers were then combined to build a robust risk determination model that was then validated in an independent cohort (Figure 1F). This study demonstrates that a 54 LSC gene expression panel can enhance the predictive power of conventional cytomolecular markers and can more effectively partition patients into risk groups.
 Figure 1

 Cooper: Celgene: Other: Spouse was an employee of Celgene (through August 2019).


In order to design procedures for adequate repair of vascular injury, we have conducted a study of arterial trauma caused by high velocity missiles. This report is concerned with the mechanism of arterial injury in ballistic wounds. The femoral arteries of anesthetized dogs were injured with missiles accurately calibrated at velocities of 1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 feet per second. The technique included angiograms of vessels at the moment of impact. High speed photographs demonstrated the sequential course of mechanical disruption with low and high velocity missiles. We have shown that the high velocity missile neatly shears the blood vessel wall at moment of impact. However, additional damage to the arterial wall, both gross and microscopic, is caused within 5μ to 10μ sec by the formation of the temporary cavity.


A culture of clonal tumour cells from rat pituitary gland that secrete both prolactin and growth hormone were used to investigate whether the pineal hormone melatonin can act directly on the pituitary gland to control prolactin production. Melatonin inhibition of prolactin and growth hormone production was significant but mild. Concentrations of between 10(-8) M and 10(-6) M reduced both prolactin and growth hormone production and prolactin secretion by 10-50%. 17 beta-oestradiol (OE) and thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulated prolactin production but had no significant effect on growth hormone production. Melatonin reduced the effects of both of these compounds. Both TRH and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) stimulated secretion of prolactin, and TRH also of growth hormone. Melatonin reduced these effects significantly. TRH and VIP increased cAMP production two- and 12-fold, respectively. Melatonin had no effect on basal or stimulated cAMP production. The melatonin-induced changes in prolactin and growth hormone production and secretion seen here do not approach the magnitude of the fluctuations seen in plasma in vivo. It is concluded that while melatonin does have a direct effect on the lactotroph in the regulation of prolactin production, its main physiological target must be elsewhere.


The COVID-19 outbreak has significantly affected the business activities of the national, regional, and global economies. In the Philippines, the government had to impose an Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) to contain the spread of the virus. This domestic response caused immediate business closure and limitation of business operations, especially among Micro-, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs). The food service sector was among the severely impacted business sectors and was considered to face a high risk of closures and job disruptions. The aim of the study was to develop a business strategy that would potentially mitigate the challenges faced by the MSMEs of the foodservice sector. One hundred and sixty-four respondents answered the online questionnaire consisting of 35 questions regarding the factors that influence the recovery of the food service MSMEs amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The obtained results from the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) identified that working capital, customer footfall, and cash reserves have a direct impact on business continuity. In addition, the developed business strategy and policy recommendations would enhance the resilience and business sustainability of the food service MSMEs.


India is praised for the diversity of cultures and tradition. In nowadays, India has been facing a terrible problem of extreme over population which is mainly due to migration. But the areas most affected by this huge rise in population are the metro cities. The research focuses on the movement of individuals from one place to another for different reasons in an inescapable marvel (The Indian Express, 2015). Due to increased migration, Delhi has now number of slums and unauthorized areas and creates too big a burden on infrastructure and services. Migration consists literacy rate, employment, job seekers and vehicles owned by migrants. The study focuses on these parameters and how these impact the annual growth rate of Delhi. Analyses show that there is a negative correlation between migration and sustainable development.


Based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), existing types of biosensors were analyzed. Portable SPR sensors suitable to be widely used in biology, medicine, agriculture, in field conditions and so forth, were studied. There were offered two design solutions of portable SPR sensors — with rectilineal and return optoelectronic channels. Elements and specifics of the sensors' operations were studied. To extend further technical and operational capacities of the portable SPR sensors it is proposed to use electronic techniques to receive and process two-dimensional information flows.


The purpose of this study was to review previous studies about workplace learning to give a theoretical basis for the future study.Because workplace learning is an interdisciplinary research topic, prevent and previous works in this field have investigated each issue on the discipline basis, e.g., economics, management studies, psychology, and sociology.The author defines workplace learning by the way they view learning and where they draw the boundaries of the workplace.They view learning as reflection through experiences or participation in communities.Reviewing the related studies, the author found that classified into four types:(1)"workplace experience approach, "(2)"workplace participation approach, "(3)"cross-boundary participation approach, " and (4)"cross-boundary experience approach". Almost all previous works appeared to belong to the "workplace experience approach", despite the fact that workplace learning in its own form and limitation of learning chances takes place beyond the boundaries of the workplace. This must be taken into consideration in future studies, which will have to increasingly adopt the"cross-boundary experience approach". We will fmd new conceptions of adult learning through proceeding with studies of "crossboundary experience approach".


The problem of energy consumption is one of the largest confronting the paper industry today. One of the largest areas where this energy consumption occurs is the dryer section on the paper machine. If a legitimate way to reduce the load to the dryer section was developed, it would greatly benefit the paper industries financial situation. Some of the methods that have been used to reduce dryer load include; increasing the pressure in the press section, heating the press rolls in the press section, and applying chemicals to the felts which help inhibit rewetting. The latter item is what this project attempts to tackle. The chemicals that have been found to work in curtailing rewetting are for the most part, flammable. These include kerosene, which was found to work when washing felts, and a chemical similar to cyclohexane, developed by John Penniman. The main goal of this thesis is to find a nonflammable additive that reduces rewetting. In this experiment a drop press was used to simulate the actual press nip in a paper mill, and as is explained later, this was not a very successful portion of the experiment. The chemicals that were tested were kerosene, cyclohexane, pentane, toluene, and acetic acid. The chemicals were applied at a dosage of 0.1 g, 0.2 g, and 0.5 g per felt, and these were compared to the experiments with no chemicals added. When the experiment was performed it was found that acetic acid at 0.5 g application worked the best. In actuality the cyclohexane worked the best overall, and the acetic acid and kerosene were not as successful. The cyclohexane did tend to be less effective as the experiment wore on. Based on all of the criteria listed above the most successful chemical was the toluene. Table of


The performance of dielectric materials has an important effect on influencing the service life of the electric equipments. The dielectric sheets used for superconducting devices usually endure several lapping tension when lapped on the conductor, so the AC dielectric strengths of polymer sheets under tensile status are important to dielectric design. In this paper, a special electrode system was designed to measure the breakdown voltages of polyimide and poly tetra fluoro ethylene (PTFE) sheets under tensile status both in air at normal temperature and in liquid nitrogen at 77 K. The test data are processed by the method of Weibull plot. As a result, the AC breakdown strengths of polyimide films in liquid nitrogen at 77 K increase significantly as the tensile stresses increasing, the most amplitude achieves 29.16%. The breakdown strengths of polyimide under tensile stress are significantly higher than PTFE in liquid nitrogen at 77 K, the most increasing amplitude achieves 121.43%. Polyimide has good dielectric characteristics under tensile status in liquid nitrogen at 77 K.


The invention further parameters using the parameters to be, to restore the down-mixed signal representing the multi-channel signal, and restoring the parameter indicative of the characteristic relationship between the channels of the multichannel signal, restored according to the decoding method of the multi-channel signal the estimate and to recover the multi-channel signal by mixing the restored using the restoration parameter, and the estimated parameter of the up-down-mix signal.


The idea that the autocracy might have successfully modernized itself has, in recent years, spread widely beyond academic circles. However, a look at traditional and recent historiography shows that very few historians support this line. Even those who argue that Russia itself was developing rapidly have seen little prospect of the autocracy surviving the process. Equally, those who argue that radical socialist revolution might have been avoided tend to suggest, often by implication rather than in an explicit fashion, that a democratic, capitalist, bourgeois, and constitutional revolution was the alternative path. Thus it was not so much a question of tsarism or revolution but rather what kind of revolution was Russia facing?


The design and implementation of a contemporary Business Intelligent System (BIS) requires processing of all types of information - structured, semi-structured, unstructured and real time. The basic functionality of BIS is implemented in an enterprise local area network (LAN) or by web access to web sites. Business results are bettered by the application of the following technologies: Data Mining (DM), Text Mining (TM) and Web Mining (WM). As a result companies get competitive advantage. Applications of BIS in enterprises are structured in a functional matrix. Its dimensions are managerial duties and subsystems of a company. Several problems are analyzed. They may be solved by the application of technologies DM, TM and WM in BIS. This processes lead to innovative solutions.


This paper highlights the usefulness of counselling as a tool for promoting peaceful co-existence. In every society, people are bound to live together irrespective of differences in terms of beliefs; gender and ethnicity. Crises such as domestic violence, ethnic conflicts, ethno-religious conflicts, and land/boundary conflicts are common in Nigeria as a result poor  management of the nation's diversity. It is therefore necessary to explore ways by which counselling could serve as a tool of promoting peaceful co-existence in Nigeria. Counselling is a helping relationship which focuses on modification of human behaviours and thus professional Counsellors provide some services in order to promote human development. This paper therefore highlights ways by which counselling can be employed in conflict prevention, management, resolution, and transformation, It discusses concept of conflict, types of conflicts and counselling as a tool of conflict prevention, management, resolution and transformation. It is suggested that, governments should established counselling centres or units in local government areas as applicable to medical and health services. Keywords : Counselling, tool, promotion, peaceful co-existence


Poliphimos Cave is an under development site for touristic purposes. The cave is full of beautiful stalactites and stalagmites and it is of great palaeontological and touristic interest. In the present paper the stability conditions were studied regarding to wedge and planar failures. For this purpose, all the tectonic data were determined and recorded separately for each site in the cave and tectonic and stability diagrams were elaborated, in order to determine stability factors. The main purpose, after determining any type of potential failure, was to propose the more appropriate stability methods. It is obvious that all the ordinary methods, used in underground construction, are not appropriate for use in caves. Supporting methods have to be adapted, taking into account the already existing natural stability conditions, the safety of visitors and the monumental character of the cave.


This paper represents low power and high speed 128-point pipelined Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and its inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processor for OFDM. The Modified architecture also provides concept of ROM module and variable length support from 128~2048 point for FFT/IFFT for OFDM applications such as digital audio broadcasting (DAB), digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T), asymmetric digital subscriber loop (ADSL) and very-high-speed digital subscriber loop (VDSL). The 128-point architecture consists of an optimized pipeline implementation based on Radix-2 butterfly processor Element. To reduce power consumption and chip area, special current-mode SRAMs are adopted to replace shift registers in the delay lines. In low-power operation, when the supply voltage is scaled down to 2.3 V, the processor consumes 176mW when it runs at 17.8 MHz.


This article discusses the problems of bid'ah in society. The problems originated from differences in the public's understanding of the hadis kullu bid'atin dlalalah. Such defferences include the definition of bid'ah, bid'ah classification, and the methods used to judge the practices that are not practiced by Rasulullah, companions, and scholars of the Salaf. The situation often cause conflicts in society. To solve this problem, Peter L. Berger gave some solution by theory of social contruction. This theory told us that the problems of bid'ah are caused by three processes, there are eksternalitation, objectivation, and internalitation. And the problems can be solved by two processes, there are institusionalitation and socialization. Key Word: Bid'ah, Hadis, Sosial Contruction.


Medication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains challenging and often controversial concerning side effects or long-term complications. We investigated the effect of resveratrol, a phytoalexin discussed for its chondro-protective and anti-inflammatory qualities, on the synovial expression of matrix-degrading enzymes like matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and bone-remodelling proteins in RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Interleukin-1β- stimulated RA-FLS were treated with 100 μM resveratrol for 24 h. To evaluate the effect of resveratrol on the amount of bound/combined MMPs, a Luminex® xMAP multiplexing technology was used. The alteration in expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor- κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegrin (OPG) was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Resveratrol reduced the expression of MMP-1 (p = 0.022), MMP-3 (p = 0.021), and MMP-9 (p = 0.047). qRT-PCR showed a significant reduction in the relative abundance of the transcripts of OPG (p = 0.012) and RANKL (p = 0.018). Our in vitro findings indicate that resveratrol could be a new target for further pharmacological studies in the field of RA. In the future it could play a role as a possible substitute or supplement to currently used drugs against RA to prevent cartilage matrix degradation and pathological bone resorption due to inhibition of MMPs and RANKL


The aim of this study was to investigate teaching practices, from the perspective of the educational team, in high school and vocational education when there are deaf students in the classroom. We conducted a qualitative field study; data collection occurred using an unstructured interview with two classroom teachers, two pedagogues and one Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) interpreter who work with three deaf students in regular education. The survey was conducted in a state school that is considered a reference in deaf education, in a medium sized city in a rural part of the state of Parana. The dataset was divided into themes and analyzed according to content. The categorical topics under discussion were positive and negative aspects - inclusion of deaf students in regular education, teaching methodologies used in the classroom with deaf students, the Libras interpreter in regular schools. We concluded that even though the inclusion of deaf students is being carried out, access to learning is not necessarily being ensured. The reasons for this include communication difficulties between teachers and deaf students, lack of understanding about deafness and the application of isolated methodological adaptations isolated in the classroom. We hope this study will instigate further discussions about the inclusion of deaf students in regular education, enabling this group to partake in an educational experience that respects the uniqueness of deafness, and that offers them the necessary conditions to fully engage in the social community in which they live.


The demand for information technology (IT) workers has increased rapidly over the last decade and is projected to rise much faster than employment as a whole. The expansion of jobs for computer scientists, database administrators, network administrators, web specialists, and systems analysts appears to have exceeded the growth in the supply of U.S. citizens who are trained IT workers. Industry representatives contend that the U.S. faces a shortage of hundreds of thousands of IT workers, a shortage that justifies enlarging, for a second time, the H1-B program that grants 115,000 temporary visas per year.


In its Judgement issued on 30 November 2005 in Prosecutor v. Limaj et al., Trial Chamber II of the ICTY found that an armed conflict existed in Kosovo between the Kosovo Liberation Army and the Serbian forces as of the end of May 1998. It held, however, that the evidence did not establish that there was a widespread or systematic attack by the KLA directed against a civilian population at the relevant time. The first trial of former members of the Kosovo Liberation Army also gave rise to a number of significant developments in the ICTY's jurisprudence relating to issues of international criminal law and procedure, such as the treatment of hostile witnesses and of eyewitness identification evidence, as well as the proof of the existence of a joint criminal enterprise.


We present conditions for the local and global synchronization in coupled-map networks using the matrix measure approach. In contrast to many existing synchronization conditions, the proposed synchronization criteria do not depend on the solution of the synchronous state and give less limitation on the network connections. Numerical simulations of the coupled quadratic maps demonstrate the potentials of our main results.


Neuronal responses in the cat parietal cortex to stimulation of thalamic radiation during transition from wakefulness to slow-wave sleep revealed a complex dynamics: the cyclic nature of responses at early sleep stages became more obvious with the enhancement of activity (during the "sleep spindles"); in subsequent stages inhibitory components prevailed. Three types of neurons with different response dynamics were revealed, the differences being due to their functional and hierarchical characteristics.


In the title hydrazone derivative, C15H14N2O5, the benzene rings are twisted by 7.55 (8)° with respect to each other. The azomethine double bond adopts an E conformation. The molecular structure is stabilized by intramolecular O—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating S6 ring motifs. In the crystal, molecules are linked into a three-dimensional network by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.