In announcing changes in organization and subscription procedures over the past year, we hinted that more change might be coming. This spring, the Society for Historians of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era worked out an agreement for the journal to be published by Cambridge University Press starting in 2011. The reasons are the same as those that have prompted numerous society-published journals—including both the American Historical Review and the Journal of American History—to affi liate lately with university presses. The shift toward electronic publishing presents numerous opportunities for improving substance and expanding scope and visibility, including overseas. A publisher such as Cambridge has the presence and credibility, as well as the editorial, administrative, and technical ability, to put together aggregations of interrelated journals that can accomplish as a group an expansion and upgrading that is beyond the capacity of an academic society working alone. Without going into details (I will send the relevant reports to any member who asks), Cambridge addressed with noteworthy acuity and specifi city the concerns that hitherto caused us to keep postponing such an arrangement.


A female patient in her 70s with a medical history of myelodysplastic neoplasm presented to the outpatient department with a 4-month history of toothache, painful gingival swelling and loose teeth that required extractions. Intraoral examination revealed a swelling in the lower anterior portion of the mandible, which displaced her teeth. Incisional biopsy of the gingival lesion revealed dense aggregates of atypical round cells which stained positive for CD43, CD45, CD33 and myeloperoxidase, consistent with myeloid sarcoma. Subsequent bone marrow biopsy displayed hypercellular marrow with immature myeloid elements and 21% myeloblasts by flow cytometry, compatible with diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The patient initially went into remission after treatment but later died of AML relapse after 18 months.


Near-field Recording Optical Disc is a new optical disc recording technique. It has two characteristics: (1) ultra high recording density; (2) very high tracking speed. The paper introduces characteristic of near-field optical disc recording technique. The paper presents energy problem of read-writing system with dynamic state in near-field optical disc recording technique; and does simulating calculations for energy transporting problem between of flying head and optical disc.


: Poecilochirus necrophori Vitzthum, 1930 is a Palearctic distributed species, which deutonymphs are phoretic on some burying beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae). The mites use adult beetles for transport to carcasses where the deutonymphs moult into adults and both mites and beetles feed and reproduce. A life cycle of Poecilochirus species is syn-chronized with their phoronts and they can be used in a forensic acarology as indicators of post mortem interval. We present the first record of P. necrophori from Turkey. Phoretic deutonymphs of P. necrophori were found on the beetle Nicrophorus vespillo (L.) (Coleoptera: Silphidae) in Sakarya province. The deutonymphs were also found on carcasses of marten ( Marten sp.) and mole ( Talpa sp.) from Sakarya, Turkey. Moreover, a significance of Poecilochirus species in forensic acarology is briefly discussed.


Data on access to credit in rural India are mostly available from periodic largescale surveys and some primary research in different parts of India. The growth of institutional sources of credit was quite dramatic during the first four decades after Independence. There appears to have been a regression since then. There is some evidence to show that land as collateral is a frequent requirement for institutional lenders. There is also some scattered evidence that land is more likely to be used as collateral by larger landholders and a clear title favours extension of loans. However, there are very little data on the extent to which these hypotheses hold well across states. Textual records (copies of Record of Rights) gathered for the construction of the NCAER Land Records and Services Index 2020 offered an opportunity to understand the situation in different states with respect to the issues mentioned above. This article assesses the data gathered for six Indian states/Union Territories (UTs): Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. The article highlights the extent to which various hypotheses prevalent in the literature are borne out by the evidence obtained through the sample data gathered for the states/UTs that are the subject of this article. While adding to the knowledge on the subject, it will help enhance an understanding of both the subject and policy making in the area of rural credit.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether immune differentiation antigen is related with clinical features and minimal residual disease (MRD) in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), who were treated with CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted in 132 B-ALL children, Multiparametric flow cytometry was used to analyze the immunophenotypes. The children were divided into 2 groups by MRD>0.1% on d 19 and / or d 46 after chemotherapy. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test and χ2 test were used for the comparison between groups, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS
CD19 (100%), CD22 (99.3%) and cCD79a (97.9%) were specific markers for patients with B-ALL, the CD13 and CD33 were mainly cross myeloid antigen. The significant differences were found between CD45- and CD45+ in WBC counts when being firstly diagnosed (Z=6.845, P<0.01), risk stratification (χ2=8.260, P<0.05) and prednisone poor responder (χ2=18.420, P<0.01). Significant differences were found between CD10- and CD10+ in age (Z=6.253, P<0.05), risk stratification (χ2=6.699, P<0.05) and MRD (χ2=4.951, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION
In CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol, the CD10 relates with the early MRD, suggesting a better prognosis, and reducing the adverse effects of CD20 and cross myeloid antigen on prognosis.


It is generally presumed that gases of low molecular weight escape very rapidly from the moon. As a consequence, it has been assumed that volatile substances, such as water, which possess short relaxation times for escape, do not exist there. Urey [1952] recognized that there may be depressions in which the sun never shines, and in which some condensed volatile substances could be present, but he concluded that no solid or liquid water could exist on the moon for more than very short periods of time. Kuiper [1952], following a suggestion by Herzberg, stated that SO_2 molecules might be concentrated on the night side of the moon.


We have experimentally demonstrated a phase change control of Hall effects in ferromagnetic MnBi thin films at room temperature. Two distinct ferromagnetic phases, i.e., a low-temperature phase and a quenched high-temperature phase, were obtained by slow-cooling or quenching the sputtered MnBi films. The measurement of Hall effects showed that the anomalous Hall resistivity has different coercivity and remanence between the two phases. By optimizing the Mn/Bi ratio, it is even possible to repeatedly switch the sign of Hall resistivity, which could be utilized as a concept of phase-change memory based on ferromagnetic transport.


While there are a large number of reports on acoustic wave based sensors for evaluating mechanical parameters of fluid samples such as density, viscosity etc., devices for the simultaneous optical and mechanical characterization of fluids remain unexplored. In this context, effective utilization of surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors comprising elliptically polarized evanescent waves for optical characterization of an analyte is intriguing. A combination of SAW and photoacoustic (PA) techniques presents promising capabilities for optical and mechanical characterization of fluids in micro volumes. We present a SAW-PA integrated device combining PA and SAW where the samples are introduced into a microfluidic channel. The PA signal generated from a sample in the microchannel of the SAW-PA device is mode-converted into SAW signals upon reaching the piezoelectric substrate, which is detected using the inter-digital transducer (IDT) deposited on the substrate. We further demonstrate the use of this SAW-PA compact platform for investigating the opto-acoustical properties of standard dye solutions and gold nanoparticles whose absorption is due to plasmonic resonance.


Downscaled regional climate simulations for Fiji and Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 3 (CMIP3) Global Coupled Models (GCMs) are carried out as part of the Pacific Climate Change Science Program (PCCSP) using the CSIRO stretched‐grid Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM) for the period 1980–2000. The model simulations are performed at 60 km and at 8 km horizontal resolutions. The higher resolution is chosen to partly resolve the detailed orography of the countries selected, providing insight into the spatial distribution of temperature and precipitation for an individual island that GCMs are unable to represent. The downscaling is carried out in two steps. First, CCAM simulations are run on a global 60 km grid using bias‐corrected sea surface temperatures (SST) and sea ice from six CMIP3 GCMs. Three of these 60 km simulations are then further downscaled to 8 km resolution over the two countries. The focus of this paper is validation of these high‐resolution simulations against gridded analyses, satellite rainfall climatologies and available station data for rainfall and temperature for the period 1980–2000. The results show that high resolution orography plays an important role in capturing the current climate. The validation demonstrates that the 8 km simulations are capable of realistically depicting the current climate when the topography influences the wind flow and rainfall (Fiji), performing better than both the GCMs and the 60 km downscaled simulations. However, the performance of the 8 km simulations is similar to the GCM and 60 km simulations when topographical features are not present (FSM).


The effects of various preparations of guinea pig serum on the Gardner lymphosarcoma 6C3HED in C3H mice were studied. Complete regression of tumor as well as marked retardation of growth were noted as a result of treatment with the following sera: (1) normal; (2) depleted of complement 1 (R1); of complement 3 (R3), and of complement 4 (R4); (3) depleted of properdin (RP); (4) heated at 56 C. for 20 minutes and for 60 minutes and at 66 C. for 30 minutes; and (5) supernatant from centrifuged at 35,000 G at 2 C. for 3 hours. No tumor inhibitory effect was noted as a result of treatment with (1) serum depleted of complement 2 (R2) and (2) pellet (containing lipopolysaccharides) from serum centrifuged at 35,000 G at 2 C. for 3 hours. These results indicate that the tumor inhibitory principle (TIP) in guinea pig serum is probably not complement, properdin, or lipopolysaccharide. Properdin titers of sera from mice treated with each of the preparations listed above disclosed low properdin levels when the tumors were growing or were large, and normal or elevated properdin levels when the tumors were regressing or disappeared completely. In addition, normal nontumor-bearing mice showed as much as a threefold increase in properdin levels when treated with normal or heated guinea pig serum. While it is possible that the tumor inhibitory principle (TIP) in guinea pig serum may exert its effect through the animal's own properdin system, such a relationship has not as yet been demonstrated.


This paper introduced a novel scheduling algorithm for grid DAG task, and built a tree level scheduling model. Through turning the grid DAG task into PTG (Parameterized Task Graph), adopting online and batch combination method that uses online processing to each layer and batch processing to tasks in layers. Through the experiment of simulation platform, the algorithm can effectively improve the parallel efficiency, and reduce the scheduling time.


This study investigated whether autologous erythrocyte infusion would ameliorate the decrement in maximal O2 uptake (VO2max) experienced by lowlanders when they ascend to high altitude. VO2max was measured in 16 men (treadmill running) at sea level (SL) and on the 1st (HA1) and 9th (HA9) days of high-altitude (4,300 m) residence. After VO2max was measured at SL, subjects were divided into two matched groups (n = 8). Twenty-four hours before ascent to high altitude, the experimental group received a 700-ml infusion of autologous erythrocytes and saline (42% hematocrit), whereas the control group received only saline. The VO2max of erythrocyte-infused [54 +/- 1 (SE) ml.kg-1.min-1] and control subjects (52 +/- 2 ml.kg-1.min-1) did not differ at SL before infusion. The decrement in VO2max on HA1 did not differ between groups, averaging 26% overall, despite higher (P < 0.01) arterial hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and arterial O2 content in the erythrocyte-infused subjects. By HA9, there were no longer any differences in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, or arterial O2 content between groups. No change in VO2max occurred between HA1 and HA9 for either group. Thus, despite increasing arterial O2-carrying capacity, autologous erythrocyte infusion did not ameliorate the decrement in VO2max at 4,300-m altitude.


Today, businesses are getting into electronics, but despite impressive growth, global online sales figures are small and in Iran individuals have little desire to purchase from e-retailers. Therefore an attempt should be made in order to identify factors that have an impact on online shopping and Internet sales. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of individual motivational factors on online shopping. Research methodology was descriptive of survey type and Allameh Tabatabaee University students who at least purchased once in the past three months were selected by using relative classified sampling method and sampling size was 374. Koo, Kim & Lee (2007) model was used in this study. Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Pearson correlation coefficient tests and confirmatory factor analysis was used to analyze the data. The results contrast the previous researches including Koo, Kim & Lee (2007). The findings showed that if managers could increase the possibility of frequent purchases by providing high quality information for their customers, their willingness to return to the site will be increased. In this regard, we suggest to the managers of e-retailers to reinforce the feeling of excitement in the life of customers.. On the other hand in order to respond to the need of establishing social relationships among individuals, chat features, and….should be provided. Keywords : Benefits of Online Shopping, Store Linkage, The Desire to Return to the Site, The E-Retailers.


This paper studies the nature of changes in extinction spectra when changing the core/shell size ratio in spherical and ellipsoidal (prolate and oblate) gold-copper sulfide (Au-CuS) core-shell nanoparticles. The obtained results are analyzed to establish the regularity of changes in the nanoshells extinction spectra, which can be used to develop devices based on them for different applications. The plasmon properties of spherical and ellipsoidal Au -CuS nanoparticles with different sizes were determined. It is established that the intensity of the extinction cross-section of spherical nanoshells strongly depends on the ratio between the thickness of the core and the shell. It is possible to configure the plasmon properties of oblate and prolate ellipsoidal core-shell nanoparticles by changing the core and shell thickness in both directions. Thus, the results of the study suggest that Au-CuS nanoparticles can be used as potential elements of various sensitive sensors.


To verify the impact of sever obesity (defined as body mass index > 31 kg/m2) on left ventricular (LV) function, 32 asymptomatic obese but otherwise healthy subjects (16 men; age 38 +/- 11 years) voluntarily underwent first-pass and equilibrium 99mTc radionuclide angiography at rest and, in 22 of them, during bicycle supine exercise. Data were compared to those obtained from 10 normal volunteers (age 48 +/- 13; p < 0.05, vs. obeses). End-diastolic and stroke volumes did not differ between the two groups, whereas end-systolic volume was significantly higher in obese subjects (67 +/- 20 vs. 49 +/- 20 ml; p < 0.05), and, as a consequence, LV ejection fraction at rest was decreased in obese subjects (59 +/- 7%) compared to normals (65 +/- 6%; p < 0.05). Due to the higher heart rate in obese subjects (81 +/- 13 vs. 69 +/- 10 pbm, respectively; p < 0.05) cardiac output was significantly greater compared to normals (7.1 +/- 0.8 vs. 6.2 +/- 0.2 liters/min, respectively; p < 0.01). During exercise, ejection fraction normally increased in normals (70 +/- 7%; p < 0.001, vs. baseline) but not in obese subjects (60 +/- 9%; p = nonsignificant vs. baseline). In addition, systolic blood pressure/end-systolic volume ratio was significantly decreased in obese subjects (23 +/- 1.3) compared to normals (2.8 +/- 1.6; p < 0.05). Peak filling rate, normalized to end-diastolic counts per second, was significantly lower in obese subjects (2.2 +/- 1.3) compared to normals (2.8 +/- 1.6; P < 0.05). This difference was also true when peak filling rate was computed in stroke counts per second (3.8 +/- 0.8 in obeses vs. 4.4 +/- 0.4 in normals; p < 0.05). Repeat analysis in a subgroup of 10 young obese subjects (age < or = 30 years) confirmed decreased ejection fraction at rest (60 +/- 4%; p < 0.05) and peak filling rate (2.4 +/- 0.4 end-diastolic counts/s; p < 0.05), as well as the lack of ejection fraction increase during exercise (59 +/- 9%). Thus, these data indicate a subclinical impairement of LV systolic and diastolic function at rest and during exercise in asymptomatic severely obese but otherwise healthy subjects.


Onychophora lead a cryptic lifestyle as predators in decaying logs and leaf litter. Hence, very little is known about their behaviour. They are generally assumed to possess only a limited behavioural repertoire, even though their surprisingly evolved brain suggests otherwise. Our studies on the Australian species Euperipatoides rowelli show for the first time that onychophorans are indeed capable of complex behaviour. Euperipatoides rowelli individuals form aggregations of up to 15 females, males and young. These aggregations are not random assemblages, but close social groups organized in a hierarchy based on female dominance. Food is hunted collectively, but the dominant female of a group feeds alone, before other females, males and young. Hierarchy within a group is established by aggressive-dominant and passive-subordinate behaviours, the latter leading to tolerance of body contact and aggregation. Euperipatoides rowelli from foreign groups, i.e. from different logs, are met with intense aggression, and individuals rarely aggregate. The reasons for this aggression are not clear, but we suggest that its origins lie in kin recognition. The evolution of social behaviour within the Onychophora is discussed with respect to their ecology, population genetics and phylogeny.


In fifth generation (5G) wireless technology, the centralization of some base station functions will be possible using the new radio access network (RAN) architecture: centralized-RAN (C-RAN). The most challenging type of service to be served by 5G is ultra reliable low latency communication (URLLC), which requires high reliability and low latency simultaneously. In this paper, we compare three RAN architectures. The first has all the processing close to the user and involves single reception. The second and the third architectures, have some centralized BS functions, allowing multiple-cell coordination and thus multiple reception points. We study the impact of architecture and macro-diversity both on the reliability of uplink (UL) packet transmission and on latency.


Contrary to the expectation, rats at an ambient temperature of 40°C displayed less care of the fur than rats do at an ambient temperature of 24°C. Rats in the 40°C environment curtailed their activities by lying flat; the autonomic response salival secretion appeared excessively, but the saliva was not spread on the fur by means of washing or licking. In a 4°C environment the rats displayed as much care of the fur as they do in a 24°C environment. In the 4°C environment the location of body contact for grooming changed compared to the 24°C environment. Scratching did not play a role according the lining up of the hairs during piloerection.


The hand grip is severely impaired following high radial nerve palsy due to loss of extension of the wrist, metacarpo- phalangeal joint of fingers and thumb. If radial nerve does not show neural recovery following conservative or surgical repair during the optimum time, tendon transfer is considered the standard treatment. To evaluate and compare the clinical outcome between flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpiulnaris tendon transfer for fingers' extension in high radial nerve palsy. This randomized controlled trial study was carried out in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka over a period of two years from January 2013 to December 2014. A total of 30 patients with high radial nerve palsy were recruited, 15 patients were gone through Flexor Carpi Radialis tendon transfer procedure (FCR group) and the rest 15 patients were gone through Flexor Carpi Ulnaris tendon transfer procedure(FCU group). The patients were followed up for 12 weeks after surgical intervention. Out of all patients, 86.7% male were encountered in each group. The mean age was found 31.07±9.14 years in FCR group and 33.60±10.79 years in FCU group. Humerus fracture was remained a major cause of radial nerve palsy in both FCR and FCU groups (26.7% vs. 33.3%). In final follow-up at 12th week, no extension deficit was observed at MCP joint (93.3% vs. 80.0%, p>0.05).The end result of surgical intervention was found satisfactory equally in both the groups (86.7%). In case of high radial nerve palsy, both FCR and FCU tendon transfer procedures are effective forfingers' extension at MCP joint.
Bangladesh Med J. 2019 Sep; 48 (3): 9-15


The History of Modern Japanese Education is the first account in English of the construction of a national school system in Japan, as outlined in the 1872 document, the Gakusei. Divided into three parts tracing decades of change, the book begins by exploring the feudal background for the Gakusei during the Tokugawa era which produced the initial leaders of modern Japan. Next, Benjamin Duke traces the Ministry of Education's investigations of the 1870s to determine the best western model for Japan, including the decision to adopt American teaching methods. He then goes on to cover the eventual ""reverse course"" sparked by the Imperial Household protest that the western model overshadowed cherished Japanese traditions. Ultimately, the 1890 Imperial Rescript on Education integrated Confucian teachings of loyalty and filial piety with Imperial ideology, laying the moral basis for a western-style academic curriculum in the nation's schools.


In this paper we investigate the problems of class imbalance and irrelevant relationships in Visual Relationship Detection (VRD). State-of-the-art deep VRD models still struggle to predict uncommon classes, limiting their applicability. Moreover, many methods are incapable of properly filtering out background relationships while predicting relevant ones. Although these problems are very apparent, they have both been overlooked so far. We analyse why this is the case and propose modifications to both model and training to alleviate the aforementioned issues, as well as suggesting new measures to complement existing ones and give a more holistic picture of the efficacy of a model.


The report is structured in the following manner. The first chapter introduces the research objectives, methodology (literature reviews, survey, micronarratives and interviews), and limitations of the proposed methodology. The second chapter presents the global and Turkish context for women's co-operatives. Chapter three profiles women's co-operatives in Turkey, describing their origins, their membership, their business and their internal and external challenges. Chapter four discusses the impact of women's co-operatives on their communities and their members. Chapter five and six present the supportive infrastructure for women's co-operatives, namely the legal context for co-operatives in Turkey as it relates to Turkey's co-operative strategy and international good practices; and the support programs that women's co-operatives are asking for, and that are effective. The conclusion presents high level findings and links these findings to eleven recommendations that aim to strengthen women's co-operatives in Turkey.


The construction of the Muslim as Other in commercial Hindi cinema (often referred to by its portmanteau Bollywood) reflects varying dominant discourses on Indianness, gender and family. In this paper, I analyze visual representation, personality traits, dialogues, lyrics and the aura and ambience weaved around Muslim caricatures in Bollywood films using 5 representative films from the 1950s-70s, 6 from the 1980s-1990s and 14 from 2000s-2020s. I examine how Muslim Other caricatures in commercial Hindi movies from the positive, essentialized, hardworking minority of a united India portrayed through the 80s to the one displaying subaltern sexualities and needing redemption and patronization of the Hindu protagonists portrayed through the 1990s to the sinister and promiscuous one portrayed in the 21st century serve as antidotes to and thus assist in communicating dominant ideologies on gender supremacy, patriarchy, gender roles and Hinduness as Indianness to a rapidly urban audience at home and in diaspora.


In this paper, we describe implementation and testing of an immunoaffinity (IA) column for rapid and selective extraction of 7-(benzo[a]pyren-6-yl)adenine (BP-6-N7Ade) and 7-(benzo[a]pyren-6-yl)guanine (BP-6-N7Gua) from urine, where BP is benzo[a]pyrene. The BP radical cation is a carcinogenic metabolite that reacts with double-stranded DNA, producing depurinated BP-adducted DNA bases excreted in urine. The expected modified nucleobases are BP-6-N7Gua, BP-6-N7Ade, and 8-(benzo[a]pyren-6-yl)guanine (BP-6-C8Gua), and they may serve as important biomarkers for DNA damage by PAHs. IA extracts of urine from a cigarette smoker and a nonsmoker contained less than 5% of contaminants present in Sep-Pak extracts and, unlike the latter, were suitable for analytical HPLC. IA extraction achieved 75-95% recovery of BP-6-N7Gua (10 fmol/mL) and BP-6-N7Ade (1 fmol/mL) added to urine samples. Tandem mass spectrometry of IA/HPLC fractions of urine from two coal smoke-exposed women at high risk for lung cancer demonstrated the presence of 20 and 50 fmol BP-6-N7Gua per mL of urine. Unexposed controls were negative. With proposed modifications, the IA-based protocol can achieve a detection limit of 0.1 fmol/mL urine, which is sufficient for routine quantification of BP-adducted bases in urine of cigarette smokers. This procedure may allow screening of persons at risk for lung cancer associated with exposure to PAH in cigarette and other forms of smoke.


One of the easiest ways to conjure a futuristic image of medicine is to discuss how devices—implanted and otherwise—will be integrated into clinical care. In this issue of Neurology®, Drs. Denison and Morrell1 explore the rapidly advancing field of neuromodulation, and how it will affect the care of neurologic patients in 2035.


Graves' disease (GD) is a well-known organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by hyperthyroidism, goiter, and exophthalmos. The incidence of GD is approximately 2.0–3.0% in China and 0.5–2.0% in Western countries. Due to the complex pathogenesis and etiology of GD, current treatment methods have great side effects that seriously endanger human health. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the pathogenesis of GD. Various studies have shown that genetics, epigenetics, cellular immunology, and gut microbiota are all involved in the development of GD. Genetically, CD25 gene and VDR gene polymorphisms are involved in the development of GD by increasing the ratio of Th17/Treg cells. Epigenetically, miR-23a-3p and lncRNA-MEG3 lead to Th17/Treg imbalance and participate in the progression of GD. Moreover, commensal microbe deletion can disrupt Th17/Treg balance and participate in the occurrence of GD. The imbalance of Th17/Treg cells induced by genetics, epigenetics, and gut microbiota plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of GD. Therefore, this article reviews the role of genetics, epigenetics, cellular immunology, and gut microbiota in the pathogenic mechanism of GD. This may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies and providing promising therapeutic targets.


We determine the organic matter content, its thermal maturity, genetic type, and source rock potential of the Miocene sedimentary rocks in the Czech Carpathian Foredeep. In the Czech Republic the Carpathian Foredeep represents a peripheral foreland basin formed due to the tectonic emplacement and loading of the Alpine-Carpathian Thrust Wedge onto the passive margin of the Bohemian Massif. Random vitrinite/huminite reflectance measurements and maceral analyses were performed on 25 samples from the Carpathian Foredeep succession. Additionally, results of 135 TOC content measurements, 141 Rock-Eval pyrolysis analyses and 27 vitrinite reflectance measurements were used to evaluate the regional distribution and depth trends for the entire Carpathian Foredeep. The thermal maturity of organic matter is between the immature part and peak of the oil window (Tmax = 413–448°C). Beneath the Western Carpathian Thrust Belt, the thermal maturity reaches higher values (Rr = 0.43–0.58%, Tmax = 429–448°C). The hydrocarbon generation potential is poor or fair, even if the total organic carbon values indicate good or even very good source rock potential. This is mainly due to the prevailing gas-prone Type III kerogen. The best source rocks were observed in the Miocene strata of the southern and central segments of the area discussed.


Fluorescent proteins are investigated extensively as markers for the imaging of cells and tissues that are treated by gene transfection. However, limited transfection efficiency and lack of targeting restrict the clinical application of this method rooted in the challenging development of robust fluorescent proteins for in vivo bioimaging. To address this, a new type of near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent protein assemblies manufactured by genetic engineering is presented. Due to the formation of well‐defined nanoparticles and spectral operation within the phototherapeutic window, the NIR protein aggregates allow stable and specific tumor imaging via simple exogenous injection. Importantly, in vivo tumor metastases are tracked and this overcomes the limitations of in vivo imaging that can only be implemented relying on the gene transfection of fluorescent proteins. Concomitantly, the efficient loading of hydrophobic drugs into the protein nanoparticles is demonstrated facilitating the therapy of tumors in a mouse model. It is believed that these theranostic NIR fluorescent protein assemblies, hence, show great potential for the in vivo detection and therapy of cancer.


Radioactivation analysis has been used in studies on the preparation of metals of high p· · · · ;, and on the influence of minute amounts of impurities in metals. Since only small quantitie:> of material have been available for examination, a scheme has been developed which permits the separation of a large number of radioisotopes from one analytical sample. Examples are given of the analysis of impurities in specimens of aluminium and iron.


Clustering is a powerful and commonly used technique that organizes and elucidates the structure of biological data. Clustering data from gene expression, metabolomics and proteomics experiments has proven to be useful at deriving a variety of insights, such as the shared regulation or function of biochemical components within networks. However, experimental measurements of biological processes are subject to substantial noise-stemming from both technical and biological variability-and most clustering algorithms are sensitive to this noise. In this article, we explore several methods of accounting for noise when analyzing biological data sets through clustering. Using a toy data set and two different case studies-gene expression and protein phosphorylation-we demonstrate the sensitivity of clustering algorithms to noise. Several methods of accounting for this noise can be used to establish when clustering results can be trusted. These methods span a range of assumptions about the statistical properties of the noise and can therefore be applied to virtually any biological data source.


The use of metallurgical solid wastes such as steel slag, in agricultural activity, has become very important to contribute to reducing the accumulation of such wastes in the environment and to increase crop production. So, this chapter aims to emphasize the main aspects of the application of slags to soil chemical attributes as elevation of pH and neutralization of Al 3+ toxic in acid soils and increase nutrient content as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, some micronutrients, and silicon. In addition, the advance in studies of the utilization of these residues in no-tillage systems in tropical soils will be discussed. Aspects related to monitoring the presence of heavy metals will be addressed.


The metastable excitation function and the near-threshold energy loss spectrum in potassium, corresponding to 3p6 core excitation, have been measured over the energy range 18-24 eV. Many structures have been observed for the first time in the metastable excitation function. From a comparison of the observed yields of metastable atoms and scattered electrons, various processes for metastable production are considered, including resonance excitation and radiative cascade. The excitation thresholds for the lowest-lying metastable autoionizing levels in potassium, namely 3p54s4p 4D7/2 and 3p53d4s 4F9/2, have been determined to be 20.28±0.05 eV and 20.42±0.05 eV, respectively.


Tartrazine dye has a major role in food as well as in other industrial products, like cosmetics, personal care products, pharmaceutical products and many more, therefore it is the cause of many environmental pollutions particularly water pollution. Its removal from water bodies is almost impossible with traditional techniques, because of heterogeneity in its composition. This investigation was carried out to examine the photo-catalytic degradation of food dye tartrazine (E102) from its aqueous solution, using ZnO (zinc oxide) and mixed CuO-TiO2 (copper oxide-titanium dioxide) as photo-catalysts at room temperature. The influence of several parameters, such as pH of medium, time of irradiation, concentration of dye solution and amount of catalyst was investigated. Kinetic analysis was also carried out using Langmuir – Hinshelwood approach.

Maximum Photo-Catalytic Degradation (PCD) of E102 was observed to be at pH 1. Similarly significant rise in the degradation of E102 was observed with the time of irradiation, concentration of dye solution and amount of catalyst.

From the results obtained it was observed that ZnO and CuO-TiO2 are effective photo-catalysts for the removal of E102 from its aqueous solution. However ZnO was observed to be more effective than CuO-TiO2 in the degradation of E102 from aqueous solution.


The synthesis and biological evaluation of phosphate prodrugs of analogues of 1 (CC-1065) and their conjugates with antibodies are described. The phosphate group on the 1,2,9,9a-tetrahydrocyclopropa[c]benz[e]indol-4-one (CBI) portion of the compounds confers enhanced solubility and stability in aqueous solutions. In the presence of phosphatases, these compounds convert into active DNA-alkylating agents. The synthesis of the prodrugs was achieved sequentially through coupling of CBI with a bis-indolyl moiety, followed by attachment of a thiol-containing linker, and conversion of the hydroxyl group of CBI into a phosphate prodrug. The linkers incorporated into the prodrugs enable conjugation to an antibody via either a stable disulfide or thioether bond, in aqueous buffer solutions containing as little as 5% organic cosolvent, resulting in exclusively monomeric and stable antibody-cytotoxic prodrug conjugates. Two disulfide-containing linkers differing in the degree of steric hindrance were used in antibody conjugates to test the effect of different rates of intracellular disulfide cleavage and effector release on biological activity. The prodrugs can be converted to the active cytotoxic compounds through the action of endogenous phosphatases. Antibody-prodrug conjugates displayed potent antigen-selective cytotoxic activity in vitro and antitumor activity in vivo.


This paper presents a practical and simple yet efficient method to effectively deal with the catastrophic forgetting for Class Incremental Learning (CIL) tasks. CIL tends to learn new concepts perfectly, but not at the expense of performance and accuracy for old data. Learning new knowledge in the absence of data instances from previous classes or even imbalance samples of both old and new classes makes CIL an ongoing challenging problem. These issues can be tackled by storing exemplars belonging to the previous tasks or by utilizing the rehearsal strategy. Inspired by the rehearsal strategy with the approach of using generative models, we propose ClaRe, an efficient solution for CIL by remembering the representations of learned classes in each increment. Taking this approach leads to generating instances with the same distribution of the learned classes. Hence, our model is somehow retrained from the scratch using a new training set including both new and the generated samples. Subsequently, the imbalance data problem is also solved. ClaRe has a better generalization than prior methods thanks to producing diverse instances from the distribution of previously learned classes. We comprehensively evaluate ClaRe on the MNIST benchmark. Results show a very low degradation on accuracy against facing new knowledge over time. Furthermore, contrary to the most proposed solutions, the memory limitation is not problematic any longer which is considered as a consequential issue in this research area.


. The strange meson production on a proton target in the K 0 Σ + channel is sensitive to nucleon resonance contributions. The K 0 production on a deuteron target can provide information on the hyperon–nucleon final-state interaction. The experiments γp → K 0 Σ + and γd → K 0 Σ + n have been carried out at the ELSA facility at Bonn. In this paper, we report the preliminary results of both experiments.


Chronic inflammation is a major cause of human cancers. The environmental factors, such as microbiome, dietary components, and obesity, provoke chronic inflammation in the prostate, which promotes cancer development and progression. Crosstalk between immune cells and cancer cells enhances the secretion of intercellular signaling molecules, such as cytokines and chemokines, thereby orchestrating the generation of inflammatory microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play pivotal roles in inflammation-associated cancer by inhibiting effective anti-tumor immunity. Anti-inflammatory agents, such as aspirin, metformin, and statins, have potential application in chemoprevention of prostate cancer. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory immunity-targeted therapies may provide novel strategies to treat patients with cancer. Thus, anti-inflammatory agents are expected to suppress the "vicious cycle" created by immune and cancer cells and inhibit cancer progression. This review has explored the immune cells that facilitate prostate cancer development and progression, with particular focus on the application of anti-inflammatory agents for both chemoprevention and therapeutic approach in prostate cancer.


Introduction BMT from HLA haploidentical family members (hBMT), using either T-cell depleted or T-cell replete grafts, is increasingly employed in patients who urgently need (but lack) a donor. After the promising results in hBMT obtained by the Baltimore group (Luznik et al., Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008, Blood 2010) introducing post-transplant high-dose cyclophosphamide (PT-CY) following a non-myeloablative conditioning regimen, the Genoa group (Raiola et al., Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2013) has shown, in the haploidentical setting that a myeloablative conditioning (MAC) with PT-CY (on day +3 and +5), cyclosporine from day zero and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) from day +1, is associated with a high rate of engraftment, acceptable TRM and GVHD, and induces durable remission with low incidence of relapse in a high proportion of patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies. We now report a series of 13 heavly pretreated high-risk leukemia patients who underwent a MAC protocol consisted of TBF regimen: Thiotepa (10 mg/kg), Busulfan (9,6 mg/kg) and Fludarabine (150 mg/mq). As graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, 2 patients received a 5 drugs combination (ATG-Fresenius, CSA, MTX, MMF and Basiliximab) and stem cells source was G-CSF-primed haploidentical bone marrow (hBM) cells (Di Bartolomeo et al., Blood 2013). In 11 patients stem cells source was non-primed unmanipulated hBM cells, and GVHD prophylaxis consisted of PT-CY (50mg/kg) iv on day +3 and +4, CSA 2.5 mg/kg/day and MMF 45 mg/kg/day from day +4.

Results From 2008 to 2013, 11 adult patients (M/F=8/3; median age 40 years, range 23 to 62) and 2 pediatric patients (M/F=1/1, age 4 and 7 years) with high risk ALL (1 pediatric; 2 adult), AML (1 pediatric; 8 adults) and one Richter evolution of CLL, underwent T replete hBMT. At time of transplant 10 patients were in CR (CR1=9, CR2=1), 1 in a good PR and 2 had refractory disease. Grafts contained a median of 5.68 x 108/kg nucleated BM cells (range 0.7-62.1), 2.14x106/kg CD34+ cells (range 0.55-7.09) and 34.7x106/kg CD3+ cells (range 16-93.4). 12 patients are evaluable for engraftment. This occurred in 100% for neutrophils and 93% for platelets, with a median time to neutrophil recovery (> 0.5 x 109/L) of 22.5 days (range, 13-40) and to platelet recovery (> 20.0 x 109/L) of 27.5 days (range, 17-49). All patients had full donor chimerism by day +30. Non relapse mortality (NRM) was 23%: 2 pt died for sepsis (one before engraftment), 1 for aGVHD. 4 patients had grade I and 3 grade II aGvHD, respectively. Only one patient had a grade III, and another had grade IV fatal GVHD. 3 patients had only limited chronic GvHD. Up to now, only 3 patients have relapsed and of these 2 have died. 8 patients (61.5%) are currently surviving, 7 of them are disease-free with median follow-up time of 165 days (range 32-896 days) from transplant.

Conclusion Our preliminary results confirm that haplo-BMT following a MAC regimen, is a feasible treatment in pediatric and adult patients, and that PT-CY is highly effective as GVHD prophylaxis, producing a high rate of stable engraftment with encouraging non relapse mortality and relapse-free survival.

Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Historically, concerns with jury competence have been assuaged by the celebration of trial safeguards, expressions of confidence in jury abilities, and most recently through initiatives intended to improve the presentation of expert evidence. Whereas trial and appellate judges continue to express confidence in the effectiveness of the adversarial trial and the competence of juries, based almost exclusively on their (individual or institutional) experience, jury researchers have been more attentive to empirical studies of jury performance, particularly how jurors understand complex evidence, probabilities, directions and warnings, and standards of proof. These empirical studies sometimes identify problems with traditional trial practices though often suggest that problems can be improved (or overcome) through more careful presentation. In response, this article contends that legal assumptions and some of the proposals flowing from empirical research are misguided. It will be argued that inattention to the validity and reliability of many forensic science techniques, along with the failure to provide indicative error rates and attend to limitations, proficiency and contextual bias, means that in many cases expert opinion evidence adduced in criminal proceedings is not susceptible to rational evaluation.


A 2D achromatic correlator working in polychromatic light or with broadband illumination is demonstrated. It consists of two achromatic Fourier transformers combining zone plates set in cascade in order to cancel out chromatic blurring effects introduced by the use of several wavelengths. Each of the spectral bands resolved in the source spectrum by the zone plates works as an independent channel. At the output of the set-up, the achromatic correlation peak results from the intensity superposition of monochromatic correlation peaks generated by each wavelength. The redundancy thus obtained yields a significant increase in the SNR, compared with that obtained when a single wavelength is used. Experimental results indicate that the SNR is increased by 3 dB and 8 dB as 5 channels (Ar+ multiwavelength laser) and 40 channels (Xe arc lamp) are used, respectively. Practically, in pattern recognition, such a multichannel processor permits false alarms to be reduced; its discrimination capability is evaluated to be 1.25 greater than when using a monochromatic correlator.


Representing a design graphically can make certain properties of a design obvious that otherwise would require tedious reasoning. This holds for symmetries, resolvability, and subdesign inclusion in appropriate cases. We describe how a graphical representation can be achieved in many cases and show several examples, in particular visualizations of the biplanes on up to 16 vertices and subdesigns of the large Witt design. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 20:1–22, 2012


A generalized differential coherent detection technique combined with equalization for data transmission over intersymbol interference (ISI) channels is considered when carrier phase tracking is difficult. In the absence of ISI, the SNR performance of this generalized differential coherent structure is very close to the coherent detection bound. The authors present the integration of this generalized differential detection method with channel equalization, and therefore extend the applications of this detection technique to channels with ISI. It is shown that for high SNR, the performance degradation of this structure with respect to coherent detection and equalization is negligible. Analysis and computer simulation results show that this combined detection/equalization technique is an effective solution to the ISI problem when carrier phase tracking is difficult.<<ETX>>


A novel single-phase AC/DC converter with two pulsewidth modulation (PWM) schemes is proposed to draw a sinusoidal line current with nearly unity power factor, achieve balanced neutral point voltage and regulate the DC bus voltage. With the aid of neutral point clamped scheme, a three-level voltage pattern is generated on the AC side of the proposed rectifier. To track the tine current command derived from a voltage controller and a phase-locked loop circuit, a hysteresis current control scheme is used in the inner loop control. A capacitor voltage compensator is employed to achieve the balanced neutral point voltage. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, the simulation and experimental results based on a laboratory prototype circuit are performed.


Extraaxillary metastases (i.e., in the absence of axillary involvement) are more likely to develop in patients with inner-quadrant (IQ) breast cancer than in patients with outer-quadrant (OQ) primary tumors. The relative difficulty of identifying extraaxillary metastases may lead to understaging of cancer in these patients. This study examined whether 18 F-FDG PET findings were differentially associated with the location of primary tumors, and with long-term prognosis, in IQ and OQ patients. Methods: Follow-up data were obtained for 141 patients whose breast cancer was staged by PET and who were documented to have IQ (n 42) or OQ (n 99) primaries. Results were stratified according to PET findings consistent with different metastatic patterns. Data were further analyzed with respect to disease outcome after a mean 3-y follow-up period. Results: Among IQ patients, progressive disease was identified in 26.1%, compared with 13.1% of OQ patients, for a relative risk (RR) of 2.0. Of patients with PET findings of isolated extraaxillary metastases, 36.1% had progressive disease, compared with 10.7% of other patients (RR 3.4), and 61.9% of IQ patients had isolated extraaxillary metastases identified on PET, compared with 10.1% of OQ patients (RR 6.1). Conclusion: IQ patients demonstrated a 6-fold greater frequency of PET findings of isolated extraaxillary metastasis, and such findings were associated with triple the risk for disease progression. Patients with IQ tumors could be vulnerable to understaging with conventional staging approaches and may particularly benefit from PET during the staging process.


Abstract An exact method is developed to eliminate the accelerometer error in dynamic response calculations for damped multi-degree of freedom systems. It is shown that the exact responses of a system can be obtained from the approximate responses which are conventionally calculated from an accelerogram. Response calculations were performed for two typical systems with three degrees of freedom for an assumed pseudo-earthquake. The results showed that the approximate responses may contain large errors, and that the correction developed effectively eliminates these errors.


Abstract:This essay investigates a period from 2010 to 2014 in which Beyoncé covertly celebrates mutual marital analingus with her husband rapper Jay-Z. This is no coy allusion to transgressive sex play but rather an embrace of egalitarian erotic practices. Such a radical position is especially significant since, other than the Obamas, the Carters are the premiere example of a successful black heterosexual marriage. The couple's subtle promotion of cake eating suggests the key to commensurate male-female coupling is to queer and black(en) heterosex. The Carters' down-low affirmation of reciprocal analingus is notable because of the larger cultural debates around Beyoncé's embrace of feminism in late 2013 in the midst of her "Mrs. Carter Tour." Through a close reading of the Carters' references to cake eating, I argue that the couple's coital customs are feminist, queer (heterosexual), and black.


In 2012, the Ministry of Justice asked the Law Commission to examine the case for extending the racially and religiously aggravated offences in the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, so that they also cover disability, sexual orientation and transgender identity. The terms of reference for the project were narrow, and did not include an examination of whether the existing offences are in need of reform. The Commission recommended that before a final decision is taken as to whether the offences should be extended, a full-scale review of the operation of the existing offences should be carried out. This paper contends that, in determining the future of the aggravated offences, consideration should be given to the procedural difficulties that can be encountered during the prosecution stage of the criminal process. The paper highlights a number of significant procedural problems that arise from the structure of the existing aggravated offences. These problems are largely related to alternative charges, whereby the prosecution charge both the aggravated offence and the lesser offence encompassed within it, and alternative verdicts, whereby the jury can convict of the lesser offence if the aggravated element is not proven. This paper argues that the procedural problems, coupled with a failure to properly understand the offences, can lead, and have led, to unfair outcomes. If the offences cannot be prosecuted effectively, they become little more than an empty gesture to those affected by hate crime, and this may be counterproductive. Procedural problems also put defendants at risk of wrongful conviction. The paper concludes that the preferred way forward would be to repeal the racially and religiously aggravated offences and rely on sentencing legislation to deal with hostility-based offending.


Claudio Ciborra in "The Labyrinths of Information: Challenging the Wisdom of Systems" argues that the position of information and communications technology (ICT) in organizations requires a shift from the present focus on the "scientific paradigm" to an "alternative centre of gravity: human existence in everyday life". This paper takes up Ciborra's challenge by examining the focal point of social interaction during a longitudinal study of engaged scholarship in an Irish multinational subsidiary. During this study there was a gradual realization that the main locus of interaction was the cell information board. It was here that people gathered to assimilate digital information sources and transform these into "acts" including workpractice improvements. The paper seeks to answer the following question: how does symbolic interactionism enable the conceptualization of an information system as a sign-action system? The work makes a contribution by examining a supply chain information system as a form of symbolic action. The study challenges us to view information systems as not primarily being the IT artifact but pertaining first and foremost to human activity as its very core.


BACKGROUND
Noninvasive brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is an index for arterial stiffness in coronary artery disease (CAD). Depression has been connected to increased adverse cardiac events and mortality among patients with CAD. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between arterial stiffness and depressive symptoms among patients with CAD.

METHODS
Eighty-six patients with CAD were recruited. Demographic characteristics and Beck Depressive Inventory II scores were obtained from the study participants, and resting baPWV was measured by using a noninvasive device. Thereafter, the participants were divided into mild and severe arteriosclerosis groups according to baPWV values.

RESULTS
After adjusting the age, use of β-blockers, and left ventricular ejection fraction, there were higher somatic symptoms of depression in the severe arteriosclerosis group than those in the mild arteriosclerosis group, in particular concentration difficulty, changes in appetite, and fatigue. A multiple regression analysis indicated that baPWV was related to somatic symptoms of depression after adjusting the covariates of CAD risk factors. However, this association was not found between baPWV and cognitive symptoms of depression, and the total score of depression.

CONCLUSIONS
This study supports the proposition that somatic symptom of depression was related to arterial stiffness among patients with CAD.


A cell-free strain of malignant catarrhal fever virus which produced a readily recognizable cytopathic effect was obtained by serial passage of the virus in a rabbit kidney cell line. Plaque assay of the virus was more rapid and gave higher titres 11 days postinoculation than tube titration, but the latter advantage decreased with a longer incubation period. Plaques were clear with sharp edges and measured 0.5 to 2 mm in diameter after 15 days. A plaque neutralization test was developed and successfully employed for the titration of malignant catarrhal fever virus neutralizing activity in the sera and nasal secretions of blue wildebeest.


Exposure to microgravity causes functional and structural impairment of skeletal muscle. Current exercise regimens are time-consuming and insufficiently effective; an integrated countermeasure is needed that addresses musculoskeletal along with cardiovascular health. High-intensity, short-duration rowing ergometry and supplemental resistive strength exercise may achieve these goals. Twenty-seven healthy volunteers completed 5 wk of head-down-tilt bed rest (HDBR): 18 were randomized to exercise, 9 remained sedentary. Exercise consisted of rowing ergometry 6 days/wk, including interval training, and supplemental strength training 2 days/wk. Measurements before and after HDBR and following reambulation included assessment of strength, skeletal muscle volume (MRI), and muscle metabolism (magnetic resonance spectroscopy); quadriceps muscle biopsies were obtained to assess muscle fiber types, capillarization, and oxidative capacity. Sedentary bed rest (BR) led to decreased muscle volume (quadriceps: -9 ± 4%, P < 0.001; plantar flexors: -19 ± 6%, P < 0.001). Exercise (ExBR) reduced atrophy in the quadriceps (-5 ± 4%, interaction P = 0.018) and calf muscle, although to a lesser degree (-14 ± 6%, interaction P = 0.076). Knee extensor and plantar flexor strength was impaired by BR (-14 ± 15%, P = 0.014 and -22 ± 7%, P = 0.001) but preserved by ExBR (-4 ± 13%, P = 0.238 and +13 ± 28%, P = 0.011). Metabolic capacity, as assessed by maximal O2 consumption, (31)P-MRS, and oxidative chain enzyme activity, was impaired in BR but stable or improved in ExBR. Reambulation reversed the negative impact of BR. High-intensity, short-duration rowing and supplemental strength training effectively preserved skeletal muscle function and structure while partially preventing atrophy in key antigravity muscles. Due to its integrated cardiovascular benefits, rowing ergometry could be a primary component of exercise prescriptions for astronauts or patients suffering from severe deconditioning.


We investigated the time course of exercise-induced lipoprotein lipase activity (LPLa) and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) during the 24-h postexercise period. Subjects were 10 sedentary normolipidemic males [NTG; fasting triglyceride (TG) = 89.1 +/- 8.6 mg/dl] and 6 hyperlipidemic males (HTG; fasting TG = 296.8 +/- 64.0 mg/dl). Each subject performed a control trial (no exercise) and 4 exercise trials. In the exercise trials, a subject jogged on a treadmill at 60% of his maximal O(2) consumption for 1 h. Pre- and postheparin blood samples were taken before exercise (baseline) and at 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after exercise. There was no group difference in LPLa (P > 0.05) over the time points. When the LPLa data from the two groups were combined, LPLa at 24 h after exercise was higher than baseline or at 4, 8, 12 h after exercise (P < 0.05). Plasma TG and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity (LCATa) were higher in HTG than in NTG, and the total high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL(tot)-Chol) was lower in HTG than in NTG (P < 0.05). HDL(2)-Chol, LCATa, and cholesterol ester transfer protein activity did not differ during the 24-h postexercise period (P > 0.05). These results suggest that LPLa is still increasing 24 h after an acute aerobic exercise and that the magnitude of the increase in exercise-induced LPLa in HTG was similar to that in NTG. Furthermore, in the sedentary population with or without HTG, the variables related to RCT do not change during the 24-h period after exercise.


The converse flexoelectric effect, referred as the electric field gradient induced strain, widely exists in dielectric materials, but its experimental studies have been reported by few research groups so far. In this Letter, we report our studies on the converse flexoelectric behavior of (Ba0.67Sr0.33)TiO3 ceramics and present the measured value of its flexoelectric coefficient f1212. In the experiments, the electric field gradient was generated by applying an electric field across the two lateral sides of trapezoid (Ba0.67Sr0.33)TiO3 samples. The shear displacement was measured using a laser vibrometer. The converse flexoelectric coefficient f1212 was found to be 124 ± 14 μC/m at room temperature. This result was in good agreement with the theoretical prediction of the flexoelectricity of the (Ba, Sr)TiO3 ceramics.


Fault diagnosis technology of power transformers is essential for the stable operation of power systems. Fault diagnosis technology based on dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is one of the most commonly used methods. However, due to the lack of fault information, traditional DGA fault diagnosis techniques are difficult to meet increasing power demand in terms of accuracy and efficiency. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel fault diagnosis model for oil-immersed transformers based on International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) ratio methods and probabilistic neural network (PNN) optimized with the modified moth flame optimization algorithm (MMFO). PNN as a radial neural network has good utility and is often used in classification models, but its classification performance is easily affected by the smoothing factor (σ) of the hidden layer and is not stable. This paper addresses this issue using the MMFO to optimize the smoothing factor, which effectively improves the classification accuracy and robustness of PNN. The proposed method was validated by conducting the experiments with the real data collected from transformers. Experimental results show that the MMFO-PNN model improves the fault diagnosis accuracy rate from 70.65 to 99.04%, which is higher than other power transformer fault diagnosis models.


Measurements were made of the density, dynamic shear modulus, damping, strain amplitude, and resistivity in iron-copper and steel-based metal matrix composites. The density was determined using the Archimedes method and was found to be in the range of 7463 to 8257 kg/m3. The shear modulus, damping, and strain amplitude were determined using the piezoelectric ultrasonic composite oscillator technique (PUCOT). The shear modulus was in the range of 73 to 81 GPa. Electrical resistivity measurements were performed to assess the change in the conductivity of the composites by adding copper. Metallographic studies and microhardness testing were performed to assess the distribution and hardness of the fibers in the composites. The variation of shear modulus and electrical conductivity with respect to the percentage of copper in some of the composites followed the rule of mixtures. The damping in the specimens was near 3 × 10-3 and independent of strain amplitude.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the protective effect of compound bismuth and magnesium granules on aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats and its possible mechanism.

METHODS
Acute gastric mucosal injury model was developed with intraperitoneal injection of aspirin in Wistar rats. The rats were divided into normal control group, injury group, sucralfate protection group, compound bismuth and magnesium granules protection group and its herbal components protection group(each group 12 rats). In the protection groups, drugs as mentioned above were administered by gavage before treated with intraperitoneal injection of aspirin. To evaluate the extent of gastric mucosal injury and the protective effect of drugs, gastric mucosal lesion index, gastric mucosal blood flow, content of gastric mucosal hexosamine, prostaglandins (PG), nitric oxide(NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin (IL) -1, 2, 8 were measured in each group, and histological changes were observed by gross as well as under microscope and electron microscope.

RESULTS
Contents of hexosamine, NO, and PG in all the protection groups were significantly higher than those in the injury group (all P<0.01), and content of NO in the compound bismuth and magnesium granules group was significantly higher than that in the sucralfate group ((11.29±0.51) vs(10.80±0.36)nmol/ml, P<0.05). The gastric mucosal lesion index, contents of TNF, and IL-1, 2, 8 were significantly lower in all the protection groups than in the injury group (all P<0.01), and contents of IL-2 and IL-8 in the compound bismuth and magnesium granules group were significantly lower than those in the sucralfate group ((328.17±6.56) vs(340.23±8.05)pg/ml, P<0.01; (170.82±7.31) vs(179.31±7.80)pg/ml, P<0.05). Tissue injury and inflammatory reaction in all the protection groups were obviously mitigated compared with the injury group.

CONCLUSION
Compound bismuth and magnesium granules and its herbal components may have significant protective effect on aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury.


Direct Current deficiency security is the procedure to improve the Direct current system distribution, transmission structure in this review paper examinations the transitory attributes of Direct current responsibilities in a particular (MMC) staggered converter based Direct current the system connection with a numerical technique. Then, loads are reproduction like pretending by using on MATLAB/Simulink has been done by testing the exactness for the hypothetical examination. At last, the mechanical troubles of and necessities for the assurance and confinement are talked about to give the hypothetical establishment to the structure of direct current flaw insurance system.


The flourishing technology in wireless communication-free space optics (FSO) offers lots of merits over radio frequency (RF) links due to its license free bandwidth, ease of installation, high security features, and viable cost for short distance communication. It's high speed data rate and immunity against electromagnetic interference makes FSO the emerging technology of today. But, FSO is not always reliable especially during atmospheric conditions, such as fog, rain, mist, and snow. Hence, in account a new technique of hybrid FSO/RF, this includes advantages of both FSO and RF technologies. Through this paper intend to perform an extensive analysis of the error and misalignment effects encountered in line of sight communication. Pointing error and turbulence effects are the main drawback parameters for our analysis. For this purpose I have taken into consideration different modulation techniques-binary phase shift keying-subcarrier intensity modulation, differential phase shift keying-subcarrier intensity modulation communication system with reference to on–off keying (OOK) modulation. The novel expressions for outage probability and BER for both FSO and RF system are derived which uses Rician channel and 16QAM modulation scheme alongside hybrid FSO/RF system for weak, moderate, and strong turbulence regimes using Meijer-G function.


In 1924, Irvin Langmuir and H. M. Mott-Smith published a theoretical model for the complex plasma sheath phenomenon in which they identified some very special cases which greatly simplified the sheath and allowed a closed solution to the problem. The most widely used application is for an electrostatic, or "Langmuir," probe in laboratory plasma. Although the Langmuir probe is physically simple (a biased wire) the theory describing its functional behavior and its current-voltage characteristic is extremely complex and, accordingly, a number of assumptions and approximations are used in the LMS model. These simplifications, correspondingly, place limits on the model's range of application. Adapting the LMS model to real-life conditions is the subject of numerous papers and dissertations. The Orbit-Motion Limited (OML) model that is widely used today is one of these adaptions that is a convenient means of calculating sheath effects. Since the Langmuir probe is a simple biased wire immersed in plasma, it is particularly tempting to use the OML equation in calculating the characteristics of the long, highly biased wires of an Electric Sail in the solar wind plasma. However, in order to arrive at the OML equation, a number of additional simplifying assumptions and approximations (beyond those made by Langmuir-Mott-Smith) are necessary. The OML equation is a good approximation when all conditions are met, but it would appear that the Electric Sail problem lies outside of the limits of applicability.


Background Perturbation of iron metabolism, especially the increase of serum ferritin levels, is often associated with both inflammation and hypertension. Changes in iron availability can affect an important regulator of vascular tone, the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), activated by a heme-dependent dimerization. Objective To study the regulation of the anti-hypertensive eNOS in human endothelial cells, in correlation with iron metabolism alterations and stimuli triggering them in vivo, such as inflammation or infection. Design Cells were treated with stimuli mimicking infection or inflammation [lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)]. and iron shortage (succinylacetone and desferrioxamine). The effect on eNOS expression and activation was evaluated, as well as ferritin content. Methods eNOS protein expression was evaluated by separating the monomeric from the active dimeric form by low-temperature sodium dodecyl sulphate poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and mRNA was analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). As for LPS and TNFα, eNOS monomer decreased already after a 72-h treatment and further at 144 h, whereas the down-regulation of the dimer was slower, peaking at 144 h. Succinylacetone and desferrioxamine were effective only at 144 h. The mRNA levels were increasingly reduced after incubation, more markedly by LPS and TNFα together, whereas succinylacetone and desferrioxamine had no effect on transcription. We found that endothelial cells are not the source of increased ferritin production. Conclusions The results of this study suggest a down-regulating effect of infectious and inflammatory stimuli on eNOS expression, both at the mRNA level and protein expression or stability and dimerization, enhanced by heme and iron shortage, and indicate eNOS as a possible link between infection and hypertension.


With the invention of microarray technology, researchers are capable of measuring the expression levels of ten thousands of genes in parallel at various time points of the biological process. During the investigation of gene regulatory networks and general cellular mechanisms, biologists are attempting to group genes based on the time-depending pattern of the obtained expression levels. In this paper, we propose a new memetic algorithm - a genetic algorithm combined with local search-based on a tree representation of the data - a minimum spanning tree minus; for clustering gene expression data. The combination of both concepts is shown to find near-optimal solutions quickly. Due to the minimum spanning tree representation of the data, our algorithm is capable of finding clusters of different shapes. We show that our approach is superior in solution quality compared to classical clustering methods.


Husemas Administrator is the process of communication between schools and communities to further improve the school either in terms of facilities or others. Schools and communities both have one purpose where they expect children to have a good education and can become useful people for the future of Nusa and the nation.


Two Chinese hamster ovary cell clones resistant to okadaic acid (OA) were isolated. The OA-resistance was associated with resistance to colchicine, Vinca alkaloids and inhibitors of DNA topoisomerase (topo) II. Drug accumulation assays showed that the intracellular levels of OA, vinblastine and vincristine, but not the topo II inhibitor etoposide, were significantly lowered in the OA-resistant mutants than in the parental cells. These results, together with the finding of an increased level of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the mutant cells, indicate that the resistances to OA, Vinca alkaloids and colchicine are due to a P-gp-mediated mechanism. Resistance to topo II inhibitors, however, was associated with reduced activity of topo II. Thus, at least two events, overexpression of P-gp and reduction of topo II activity, occurred in a single OA-resistant cell line, contributing to expression of the MDR phenotype.


The need to develop customized application software is quite high now-a-days with the ever increasing automation process within many companies. In this paper, we analyze, design, implement and test a web-based payroll software for an external company with the Setup module, PI (personnel information) module, OT (over time) module, Payroll module and Report module. These modules and their implementation are discussed in detail. The software development life cycle followed is discussed to show how different phases are evolved and how they interact with each other to form the software that the client needs.


Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the predictive role of depressive symptoms and childhood psycho-logical trauma on impulsive, self-injuring, and suicidal behaviors in groups diagnosed and not diagnosed (control group) with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Methods: The study sample included a diagnosis group (n1=72) that was followed by the psychiatry clinics of a university hospital and a public hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, along with a control group (n2=71) that included healthy volunteers who participated in the study. All study participants were evaluated using the Sociodemographic Information Form, Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), Child-hood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Inventory of Statements about Self-injury (ISAS), and Suicide Behavior Ques-tionnaire (SBQ). The study results were analyzed statistically. Findings: First, the hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the BDI and emotional abuse scores in the diagnosis group and the HAM-D in the control group were significant predictors based on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Secondly, the emotional abuse score in the diagnosis group and physical neglect and HAM-D score in the control group were significant predictors of self-injury behavior inventory scores. Thirdly, BDI and sexual abuse scores in the diagnosis group and the emotional and physical abuse scores in the control group were found to be the significant predictors of suicide behavior. Con-clusion: Emotional and sexual abuse during childhood and depressive symptoms (BDI) were found to be signi-ficant risk factors in terms of impulsive, self-injury and suicidal behaviors in BPD.


Preparations for the European Space Agency's (ESA)
Atmospheric Dynamics Mission (ADM-Aeolus), which is
scheduled for launch in 2011, are in full progress. The
direct detection high spectral resolution Doppler Wind
Lidar (DWL) satellite instrument will be the first to measure
wind profiles from space, from the surface up to
30 km altitude [1] and [2]. To achieve this, a laser at
355 nm pulsed at 100 Hz is pointed towards the atmosphere.
Backscattered light, both from molecules
and aerosols, is detected by two independent spectrometers.
A dual channel Fabry-Perot spectrometer to
measure both sides of the Rayleigh (molecule) spectral
peak, and a high resolution Fizeau spectrometer to
measure the location of the Mie (aerosol) peak.
In preparation of this mission, besides the actual construction
of the instrument and satellite, a number of
supporting activities have been initiated by ESA, including
instrument simulation and ground processing software
development, ground and air-borne measurement
campaigns, and studies dedicated to specific issues
such as calibration and sampling strategies.
An important part of the preparations is to study the
possibilities of calibrating the wind results by means
of surface reflections. To estimate the effect of water
motion due to waves, a simple wave model has been
combined with a reflectivity model of the water surface.
This includes specular reflection on smooth water
surfaces and Lambertian reflection on foam caused
by wind streaks and breaking waves. The effect of subsurface
reflection is still being investigated. Using this
model, the average net water movement that will be observed
by the DWL instrument is estimated.
Another part of the preparations includes the development
of Level 2B (i.e., wind) processing software
(L2Bp). This software will accept as input measurement
data files (Level 1B) and uses an estimate of the atmospheric temperature and pressure profiles (from a
numerical weather prediction model) to retrieve the wind
profile from the spectrometer data. This software will be
made available by ESA as source code, free of charge,
to all interested users in the meteorological/research
community, and may be used as standalone software,
or integrated as subroutine in a larger system for use in
scientific or operational applications. The working of the
L2Bp will be illustrated at the conference.


The Food Safety Authority of Ireland (FSAI) oversees the implementation of food safety controls in Ireland which are set out in EU and Irish law. The FSAI, a science-based consumer protection organization, has nurtured a close relationship with the scientific community allowing it to utilize the best scientific advice available to underpin risk assessments. In early 2013, a 2-month long investigation in to the authenticity of beef products culminated in the publication of results that demonstrated the presence of horse meat in a frozen burger produced in Ireland. The events that followed revealed a pan-European food fraud which will likely result in significant changes in the way this small section of the meat industry will be regulated in the future in the EU. Although revelations of implicated products and food businesses have relented, the EU-wide investigation is continuing in an effort to determine how a food fraud of this scale could have occurred in such a highly regulated industry and who was involved. The FSAI initially received some criticism after publication of the results, but was also commended for its scientific approach as well as its openness and transparency. The end result of this incident is likely to be that the complexity of the food chain will be addressed again and DNA-based or similar methods will become a regular feature in verifying the authenticity of meat-based foods.


We have previously reported the characteristics of mannans isolated from the yeast forms of two relatively avirulent Candida albicans strains, designated 4918-2 and 4918-10. Investigations have been expanded to include an analysis of mannans from the hyphal form of these strains as well as from the hyphal form of the parental strain, 4918. After extraction, mannans were further purified by high-pressure liquid chromatography on a Bio-gel TSK DEAE-5-PW column. Subsequent to either mild acid hydrolysis, alkali hydrolysis, or acetylation followed by acetolysis, the resulting products were fractionated by high-pressure liquid chromatography on an Aminex HPX-42A column. The results of acid hydrolysis showed only minor quantitative differences in the products released from each strain, with mannose constituting the vast majority of product liberated. The profiles of mannooligosaccharides obtained from either alkali hydrolysis or acetolysis for strain 4918-2 showed distinct quantitative differences compared with profiles of the other two strains. Finally, a general characteristic noted is a decrease in the average chain length of mannooligosaccharides in hyphal mannans compared with the yeast counterpart.


Tuncay Oral2, Sevgi Özgüngör3 ___________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT. The aim of this study is to examine the role of identity status in predicting achievement goal orientation during the adolescence period. The participants were 467 students (281 female 60,2%, 186 male 39,8%) attending public high schools in Denizli Centrum in 2010-2011 academic year. In the study, identity statuses were measured with Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status, which was adapted to Turkish by Oskay (1998) and achievement goal orientation was measured with Achievement Goal Orientation Scale, adapted by Akın (2006) to Turkish. Multiple linear regression analysis used to investigate the predictive role of identity statuses for achievement goal orientation indicated that the more mature identity statuses were predictive of learning goal orientation, while less developed identity statuses were related to performance avoidance goal orientation. However, moratorium identity status was related to both learning goal orientation and performance goal orientations.


The effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) treatment on hemorheological parameters of diabetic rats was investigated. This study is a placebo-controlled, in vivo animal study. 30 streptozocin-induced diabetic rats were divided into two groups; one group received hyperbaric oxygen treatment while the other did not. Hematological and hemorheological parameters were tested with blood samples collected directly from the heart using surgical procedures. Student t-tests with a type I (alpha) error at 0.05 was used to test any significant difference between means of the hematologic and hemorheological parameters of the control (CON) and the HBO2 groups. Compared with the placebo group, hyperbaric oxygen resulted in significant higher lipid peroxidation stress of the erythrocytes and resistance of erythrocytes to deformation in rats of the HBO2 group. Whole blood viscosities measured at shear rates of 5, 150 and 400 s(-1) were all higher for the rats in the HBO2 group than those for rats in the control group. In addition, the oxygen delivery index was found to be significantly lower in rats of the HBO2 group. Thus, our work demonstrates that hyperbaric oxygen treatment significantly changes the hemorheological parameters in diabetic rats.


The cause of hyperadrenocorticism determines treatment. Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) can be treated surgically with bilateral adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy, or it can be managed medically with the adrenocorticolytic agent o,p'DDD or the cortisol synthesis inhibitor ketoconazole. Unilateral adrenocortical tumors should be surgically removed because of metastatic potential, although medical therapy has been used with some success. Regardless of the treatment method chosen, canine Cushing's syndrome cannot be treated easily, inexpensively, or without close monitoring and follow-up.


Chlamydia abortus is the most commonly diagnosed cause of abortion in small ruminants around the world [1]. Control of chlamydial abortion is achieved in several European countries using an attenuated live 1B C. abortus vaccine strain, which can be distinguished from virulent wild-type strains by PCR-RFLP analysis [2]. Application of this method has provided molecular evidence that the 1B strain can cause abortion in ewes [3, 4]. The objective of this study was to define the distribution of lesions and bacterial load in cotyledons from ewes vaccinated with the 1B strain compared to normal wild-type infections. A Chlamydia-free flock of 75 multiparous adult ewes were vaccinated twice, two years apart, each prior to mating, with the commercial 1B vaccine. In the second lambing season following the last vaccination, placentae (n=116) were collected and analysed by C. abortus real-time qPCR [3]. Only two of the placentae, both from the same ewe, were found to be positive. Viable organisms were isolated from these placentae and confirmed by RFLP-PCR [3] to be vaccine-type. All cotyledons from these placentae were analysed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry [5], and compared with those from wild-type infected placentae. The lesions in the vaccine-type infected placentae were indistinguishable from the wild-type infected placentae in terms of their severity, load and distribution. These results suggest that the 1B vaccine strain of C. abortus can cause chlamydial abortion in ewes producing typical placental lesions to wild-type infected animals, and could be circulating with the potential to cause natural infection and disease.


A generalised Hopf bifurcation, corresponding to non-semisimple double imaginary eigenvalues (case of 1:1 resonance), is analysed using a normal form approach. This bifurcation has linear codimension-3, and a centre subspace of dimension 4. The four-dimensional normal form is reduced to a three-dimensional system, which is normal to the group orbits of a phase-shift symmetry. There may exist 0, 1 or 2 small-amplitude periodic solutions. Invariant 2-tori of quasiperiodic solutions bifurcate from these periodic solutions. The authors locate one-dimensional varieties in the parameter space 1223 on which the system has four different codimension-2 singularities: a Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation a 1322 symmetric cusp, a Hopf/Hopf mode interaction without strong resonance, and a steady-state/Hopf mode interaction with eigenvalues (0, i,-i).


Indole-3-acetonitrile-4-methoxy-2-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), a novel C-glycoside from Isatis indigotica with important cytotoxic activity, has been prepared in ten steps from ethynyl-β-C-glycoside 3 and 2-iodo-3-nitrophenyl acetate 6. Key steps in the synthesis include a Sonogashira coupling and a CuI-mediated indole formation. NMR spectroscopic data for synthetic 1 differs from that reported for the natural product. A revised structure for the natural product, containing an alternate carbohydrate substituent, is proposed.


Collective decision making refers to the phenomenon whereby a collective of agents makes a choice in a way that, once made, the choice is no longer attributable to any of the individual agents. This phenomenon is widespread across natural and artificial systems and is studied in a number of different disciplines including psychology, biology, and physics, to name a few. In the case of robot swarms, collective decisionmaking systems are distinguished between systems for consensus achievement and systems for task allocation. The first category encompasses systems that aim to establish an agreement among agents on a certain matter. The second category deals with systems that aim to allocate agents, i.e., the available workforce, to a set of tasks with the objective to maximize the performance of the collective. In this chapter, we focus on consensus achievement problems. We define the best-of-n problem and a taxonomy of its possible variants. Using this problem-oriented taxonomy, as well as a second taxonomy based on the design methodology, we review the literature of swarm robotics and provide a complete overview of the current state of the art.


We demonstrate an enhancement of fluorescence emission due to bimetallic silver-gold film-induced surface plasmon wave extension. Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes were excited by the evanescent wave field produced from surface plasmon polaritons excited on metal-deposited sections along an embedded strip waveguide. Various silver-gold combinations were used to quantify for the evanescent field enhancement. The underlying silver yields better evanescent field enhancement, while the overlying gold ensures that the stability of the sensing surface is not compromised. In comparison to the conventional single gold film surface plasmon resonance (SPR) configuration, the two-layered metallic structure is capable of enhancing the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) evanescent field considerably, as verified experimentally by the ca. 4.0 times improvement in the RhB fluorescence emission. The compact waveguide structure and improved electric field probing depth can potentially be exploited for on-chip SPR--fluorescence excitation of less concentrated fluorophore-labelled biological and chemical analytes, with a capability of massively parallel processing for high throughput screening.


This study was designed to evaluate the mid-term outcome of the right ventricular (RV) dysfunction which characterizes infarction of both ventricles in the acute phase. Thirteen patients hospitalized for inaugural posterior or infero-posterior infarction extending to the right ventricle (haemodynamic and cineangiographic diagnosis) were explored in the acute phase and 4 months later by right heart catheterization and selective cineangiography of the right ventricle in a 30 degrees RAO projection. The results were compared with those obtained in a control group. Haemodynamically, the RV filling pressures (p less than 0.001) and the indices of RV dysfunction--i.e. RV end-diastolic pressure/RV systolic pressure ratio (p less than 0.001) and right atrial pressure/pulmonary wedge pressure ratio (p less than 0.02)--were significantly decreased between the acute and chronic phases, but they remained pathological compared with those measured in the control group. Angiographically, the right ventricular dysfunction in the acute phase was reflected in an increase of the RV end-systolic volume (p less than 0.02) and a decrease of the RV ejection fraction (p less than 0.01), whereas diastolic cavitary dilatation was inconstant, with mean values of RV end-diastolic volume close to those found in the control group. The systolic dysfunction persisted, unchanged, during the chronic phase. Segmental kinetics of the inferior wall was much reduced in the acute phase (p less than 0.001), this hypokinesia partially regressing in the chronic phase; but in fact there were wide individual variations, and some patients even recovered an almost normal contractility. Tricuspid valve regurgitation was frequent (6/13 cases) in the acute phase and regressed in 2 out of 3 cases in the chronic phase; its presence introduced a degree of bias in the measurement of RV end-systolic volume and RV ejection fraction, with a tendency to underestimate the severity of diastolic dysfunction. To summarize, right ventricular dysfunction was constant but often modest in the acute phase and remained relatively stable at mid-term, whereas segmental kinetics of the inferior wall improved, sometimes dramatically.


The RF Control for the European XFEL requires powerful data processing capability for many algorithms including feedback, calibration, diagnostics and low and high level applications needed for field control. While central processing architecture will be easier to manage and develop, it will also increase the requirements for the communication links connecting the boards. On the other hand, a distributed system improves performance and reliability but result in higher complexity. The trade-offs between the two architecture will be discussed and examples will be presented.


This paper developed an approach for urban land use mapping with QuickBird stereo imageries. The accuracy of ground point determination was first improved by RPCs regeneration using the second-order polynomial model for bias correction in the image space. In urban land use mapping, DEM was generated from the stereo pair using the refined RPCs and then an orthoimage was generated. Urban features such as roads, greenbelts, and waters were digitized from the orthoimage, and buildings were extracted using an approach of stereo positioning. The result demonstrated that a planimetric mapping accuracy of 0.8 m could be achieved.


This research aims to identify the impact of supply chain management to company performance and advantage of roll-forming light steel manufacture company in East Java. The data collection was done by submitting list of questions. The data was analyzed using path analysis. This research elaborates supply chain management variable (X1), company performance variable (Y1), and competitive advantage (Y2). Results of the path analysis show that there are 3 positive and significant hypotheses. The first hypothesis is that supply chain management brings significant impact to company performance. The second hypothesis is that supply chain management brings significant impact to competitive advantage, and the third hypothesis is that competitive advantage brings significant impact on company performance. VAF (Variance Accounted For) score for intermediary variable tends to be partial mediation.
Keywords: supply chain management; company performance; competitive advantage


Polytechnic as a higher education institution for technical education is responsible to produce qualified and competitive graduates to meet the needs of industry. Among the key element that is need by the industry are the problems solving skills. To realize this, the polytechnic education system has to implement a new teaching and learning concept which conducted through work based learning. This aim of the research is to examine the problem solving skills every students after undergo work based learning. This investigation utilize study use Problem Solving Rating Scale Employees questionnaire (PSRS-E) as a research instrument and 26 students from second cohort of Bachelor in Manufacturing Engineering Technology (Automotive Design) is selected as a respondent. Research finding shows that the level of problem solving skills every students is at moderate level. Whereas ANOVA one way analysis shows that there is no significant difference in problem solving skills in various problem solving activities according to entry qualification. This study also shows that work based learning is an effective learning approach in producing knowledgeable graduates to prepare themselves to enter the job market with the skills required by the industry.


We have followed 12 patients with acute symptoms on exposure to psyllium over a three-year period. All were hospital personnel with evidence of atopy. Exposure was by inhalation on dispensing psyllium powder. Symptoms which occurred within minutes of exposure included rhinitis (12/12), conjunctivitis (10/12), shortness of breath and wheezing (9/12). All patients had psyllium-specific IgE antibodies demonstrated by either positive prick-skin tests (1:100) or serum antibodies (rast). Controls had no reactivity to psyllium. Sensitivity persisted over the entire three-year period. We conclude that sensitivity to psyllium is an IgE-mediated occupational allergy in hospital personnel; that it produces significant symptoms and it is often unrecognized; and that persistance of sensitivity necessitates strict avoidance of psyllium by all routes of exposure.


The autocorrelation coefficient of frequency-doubled YAG laser radiation for different operating conditions and two different laser systems is determined by measurement of the nonresonant coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) intensity as a function of the time delay between two correlated excitation beams. The YAG laser radiation is modeled as the sum of two components, following coherent and Gaussian statistics, respectively. Based on the autocorrelation coefficient and the YAG second-harmonic conversion efficiency, the intensity ratio of these two components is determined, yielding a larger coherent than Gaussian component for all configurations examined. The results and some implications for quantitative CARS spectroscopy are discussed.


A patient diagnosed as having neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) on the basis of 6 café-au-lait macules, multiple subcutaneous neurofibromas and 1 Lisch nodule is described. He later was found to have bilateral acoustic nerve tumors plus multiple intracranial meningiomas. This patient is one of a few adequately described cases who clinically meets diagnostic criteria for NF-1 and has bilateral acoustic nerve tumors.


Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, in nonglaucomatous patients with cataract, on intraocular pressure (IOP) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) together with quantification of other anterior chamber parameters. Patients and methods A total of 76 patients (100 eyes) with senile cataract were included in this study. All patients had normal IOP. Patients with history of uveitis, glaucoma, other ocular diseases, or surgery were excluded. All patients underwent phacoemulsification with IOL implantation by the same surgeon from May 2018 to August 2018 and were followed up for 1 month. The ACD was measured with the use of Pentacam rotating Scheimpflug camera. Results There was a significant difference between the preoperative IOP (15.24±7.05 mmHg) and the postoperative IOP (11.83±3.75 mmHg) (t=6.259, P<0.01). This was associated with a significant increase in the ACD from a preoperative value of 3.1±0.8 mm to a postoperative value of 3.8±0.8 mm (t=0.870, P<0.0001). There was also a significant increase in the anterior chamber angle from a preoperative value of 34.1±9.3° to a postoperative value of 40.6±5.9° (t=5.760, P=0.003) and in the anterior chamber volume from a preoperative value of 161.3±36.7 mm3 to a postoperative value of 197.1±26.1 mm3 (t=36.200, P<0.0001). Conclusion The present study, performed with the Pentacam rotating Scheimpflug camera system, confirmed that, in normotensive eyes with open iridocorneal angles, the anterior chamber volume and ACD increased and the anterior chamber angle widened following uneventful phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. These changes were accompanied by a significant decrease in IOP 1 month postoperatively. Further studies are required to prove the safety and mechanism of lowering the IOP following phacoemulsification.


The immune stimulating complex (iscom) is built up by antigen, cholesterol, phospholipids, and adjuvant active Quillaja saponins. Previous studies have shown that iscoms containing Quil A (a semipurified preparation of saponins) efficiently induce antibody and cell-mediated immune responses. In this study, we demonstrate that iscoms containing a mixture of two purified low toxicity Quillaja saponin fractions (ISCOPREP 703) are able to upregulate both Th1-like and Th2-like immune responses. Thus, ovalbumin (OVA) iscoms induced higher levels of antigen-specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies and increased the production of both IFN-gamma and IL-4 compared with OVA administered without adjuvant. In contrast, OVA formulated in Al(OH)3 elicited IgG1 and IgE antibodies and primed spleen cells producing IL-4 and IL-10, suggesting the activation of primarily Th2-like cells. These findings underline that adjuvants are able to alter the character of immune responses and may be used to generate responses with desired properties.