This thesis provided a new understanding of the lithospheric structural setting and anomalies observed in the greater Barents Sea.The Barents Sea has been focus of attention for geological and economical reason since the 70ies-80ies. The crustal and lithospheric evolution of this area has been poorly understood and relatively challenging because it involved a large number of different processes. During its evolution, plate aggregation and orogenesis have been alternated with episodic rifting and magmatic events. The final result is the present day continental shelf area formed by a heterogeneous crust and continental mantle, dominated by structural highs, platforms and structural lows (grabens, half graben and large sag basins). Although the general structures have been well outlined, numerous problems have been encountered in understanding the structure and evolution of the basins and the crust and their relation with the geodynamic evolution. Moreover the offshore propagation of Timanian, Caledonian and Uralian structures are still disputed.In this thesis, I have developed a new understanding of the lithospheric setting and properties of the Barents Sea using an integrated geophysical approach. The results have been obtained by combining gravity, magnetic and geoid potential fields with seismic, petrophysics and offshore observations. 3D magnetic anomalies inverse models have been developed first to define the distribution of magnetic crustal properties. The inversion results have been further integrated with 2D forward modelling and potential field analysis. The magnetic crustal units have been further refined by a 3D forward model which beside defining magnetic and density properties provided, major sedimentary interfaces, top basement, upperlower crust boundary and Moho depth. Finally, thermal and compositional models have been constructed to constrain the nature of the lithospheric mantle.The adopted integrated approach provides an enhanced regional understanding of the structure and devolution of the Barents Sea Four distinct Barents Sea basement types have been distinguished: Archaean-Paleoproterozoic, Timanian, Caledonian, and Uralian terranes. A distinction of the different allochthon nappes forming the Caledonian terranes is also proposed and a correlation with the onshore structures made. The crustal setting resulting from the models support the bifurcated extension model of the Caledonian into the western Barents Sea. The existence of a Svalbard micro-plate (Barentsia) has been identified as a thick and distinct crustal unit located in the northwest Barents Sea.The southeastern Barents Sea results to be the extension of the Timan-Pechora basement terranes, that are traced further north in the North Barents Basin. The lithospheric mantle velocity anomaly under the East Barents Sea has been interpreted as a relict Paleo-Proterozoic craton accreted toward Paleo-Baltica during the Timanian event.Thermal and compositional models of the lithospheric mantle provide also evidences of lithospheric-sublithospheric mantle interaction due to rifting and due to large magmatic events, as for example the magmatism on Svalbard and the opening of the North Atlantic.


Formal methods use SMT solvers extensively for deciding formula satisfiability, for instance, in software verification, systematic test generation, and program synthesis. However, due to their complex implementations, solvers may contain critical bugs that lead to unsound results. Given the wide applicability of solvers in software reliability, relying on such unsound results may have detrimental consequences. In this paper, we present STORM, a novel blackbox mutational fuzzing technique for detecting critical bugs in SMT solvers. We run our fuzzer on seven mature solvers and find 29 previously unknown critical bugs. STORM is already being used in testing new features of popular solvers before deployment.


: It was established that use of a hypercapnic mixture (2% concentration) potentiates the effect of medicinal agents due to their deep penetration in the air-conducting pathways.


Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disorder of tooth-supporting tissues that affects almost 90% of the population worldwide. The treatment of periodontal disease involved mechanical therapy, surgery, and administration of antibiotics. The high cost of the treatment and bacterial resistance to certain antibiotics regime has led to the search for the alternative treatment to overcome the disease at less cost and side effects. Natural products had been proven to be an important source in developing modern medicine to promote general health. Herbal plant extracts had been widely used in oral health particularly to prevent bacterial plaque adherence and dental caries. In periodontal disease, several studies and reviews have documented that herbal plant extracts had the potential to prevent and treat periodontitis through their active ingredients associated with antimicrobials, antiinflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. The sources to obtain the herbs are readily available and economical to produce in the market. Some of the herbs had been marketed for public uses in the form of toothpaste and mouth rinses. This review is an attempt to outline the importance of herbal medicine to provide potential effective and economical medicaments for periodontal disease and its significance for further clinical research in the future.


The literature disagrees about the statistical distribution of snow avalanche crown depths. Large datasets from Mammoth Mountain, California and the Westwide Avalanche Network show that the three‐parameter generalized extreme value distribution provides the most robust fit, followed by a two‐parameter variation, the Fréchet distribution. The most parsimonious explanation is neither self‐organized criticality nor other complex cascades, but the maximum domain of attraction, implying that distributions of individual avalanche crown depths are scaling. We also show that crown depths do not have a universal tail index. Rather, they range from 2.8 to 4.6 over different avalanche paths, consistent with other geophysical phenomena such as wildfires, which show similar variability.


The radio-frequency transformers described in this paper consist of matched transmission lines of equal length and characteristic impedance. The lines are connected according to rules given in the text. These transformers exhibit a very broad frequency response which can be readily estimated; two methods of analysis are presented. The computations agree well with the test results.


The rise of anti-ageing medicine is emblematic of the current conditions of American biomedicine. Through in-depth interviews with 31 anti-ageing practitioners, we examine how practitioners strive for-and justify-a model of care that runs counter to what they see as the 'assembly line' insurance-managed industry of healthcare. Their motivation, however, is not merely a reaction to conventional medicine. It is derived from what they see as a set of core beliefs about the role of the physician, the nature of the physician-patient relationship, and the function of biomedicine. We analyse this ideology to underscore how anti-ageing medicine is built on a 'technology of the self', a self in need of constant surveillance, intervention, and maintenance. The ultimate goal is to create an optimal self, not just a self free of illness. A fundamental irony is that, despite their self-presentation and the perception of the public, anti-ageing providers do not use practices that are especially 'high-tech' or unconventional. Instead, the management of ageing bodies rests on providers' perceived knowledge of their patients, tailored treatments, and a collaborative pact between the provider and patient.


In this paper we studied privacy preserving distributed data mining. The existing methods focus on a universal approach that exerts preservation in the same degree for all persons, without catering for their concrete needs. In view of this we innovatively proposed a new framework combining the Secure Multiparty Computation (SMC) with K-anonymity technology, and achieved personalized privacy preserving distributed data mining based on decision tree classification algorithm. Compared with other algorithms our method could make a good trade-off point between privacy and accuracy, with high efficiency and low-overhead of computing and communication.


Objective To investigate the expression of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) in carotid artery of hypercholesterolemic rabbits injured by balloon and its relationship with intimal hyperplasia.Methods Twenty-five New Zealand male rabbits were fed with atherogenic diet and balloon injury was conducted in right carotid artery 4 weeks later.The rabbits were killed at the 6th hour,24th hour,1th week,2th week and 4th week,respectively.Blood samples and right carotid artery were collected in time and intimal hyperplasia was studied by histological morphology method.The expression of NF-κB was measured by in-situ hypridization(ISH).Results Intimal hyperplasia was present at the 7th day after balloon injury in hypercholesterolemic rabbits and it became more obvious with the increasing of the time.The intimal hyperplasia was not detected in the media area.The intima/media ratio was increased as time went on.The expression of NF-κB mRNA was observed in the carotid atery of hypercholesterolemic rabbits at the 6th hour after balloon injury and the expression reached its peak at the 2th week.The expression of NF-κB was much higher in injury group than that of control group.Conclusion The expression of NF-κB is up-regulated in carotid artery of hypercholesterolemic rabbits injured by balloon,which is involved in the inflammatory reaction and restenosis caused by balloon injury.


Near critical carbon dioxide sorption equilibria at 50°C and pressures up to 40 atms are analyzed and interpreted on the basis of the multiple sorption mechanisms possible in a glassy amorphous and semi crystalline polymer. Varying the penetrant-polymer testing temperature and external pressure it is possible to meet the full range of possible sorption behavior, from ideal Fickian diffusion to limiting relaxation controlled kinetics. Low sorption levels of low-pressure gases are attained through an ordinary Fickian mechanism. At higher gas pressures, however, higher penetrant sorption levels induce polymer relaxation affecting the final sorption behavior. A highly interacting solvent, as Carbon Dioxide in near critical conditions, leads to anomalous sorption ranging from relaxation controlled Fickian diffusion to limiting Case II and diffusion controlled relaxation, at high solvent uptakes (sorption from high activity vapor or from liquid phases). Generally, swelling has been observed to be accompanied by a solvent induced crystallization as detected by means of High pressure Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Wide Angle Xray Scattering (WAXS).


IntroductionIt is still uncertain if having at least moderate physical fitness is a necessary and sufficient condition for lowering the risk of death. The aforementioned statement constituted the basis for undertaking the study concerning the effect of particular health-related behaviours on the likelihood of survival in subjects with a moderate and high physical fitness.Materials and MethodsThe study sample, i.e. 204 men aged 30–59 years living in Łódź, Poland, was selected within the CINDI WHO Programme and examined over the years 1980–1990 and 2003–2004. In each subject approximate values of one week energy expenditures associated with performing physical exercise of at least moderate intensity (> 1000 kcal/week) were estimated. Physical efficiency in the study group was evaluated basing on the results of the submaximal effort test. Information about selected socio-demographic characteristics, consumption of alcohol, cigarette smoking and diet was gathered. The vital status of the examined sample was checked in 2009. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify factors which influence the survival of examined population.ResultsThe probability of death was more than fourfold higher in the case of individuals who eat "beef or pork meat", as compared to those who consumed these products rarely or never. On the other hand, the subjects who declared regular consumption of yellow cheese had nearly fourfold lower death probability. Current smoking was found to be a significant negative risk factor while moderate consumption of beer a protective one. The level of physical fitness (VO2max) did not significantly influence mortality.ConclusionsThe results of the performed analyses indicate negative effect associated with consumption of beef/pork meat and smoking. Furthermore, the data pertaining to the consumption of yellow cheese as a potent protective factor for men's health requires further verification. The possibility that it is some lifestyle proxy rather than a causal factor cannot be excluded.

http://ijomeh.eu/pdf-2167-2228?filename=The effect of selected.pdf


OBJECTIVE
Examined cognitive appraisals of interference and tolerance in the prediction of distress and self-reported disability among persons presenting for low vision rehabilitation.

DESIGN
Cross-sectional; correlational and path analyses.

METHODS
One-hundred and thirteen patients (mean age, 71 years; 52 men and 61 women) presenting for low vision rehabilitation at a university-based centre for low vision rehabilitation participated in an initial clinical vision examination and completed several questionnaires to evaluate cognitive appraisals, emotional distress and self-reported disability.

RESULTS
Path analyses indicated that greater tolerance was associated with less interference imposed by vision loss. Greater tolerance was also associated with less emotional distress and symptom severity (visual acuity) was associated with self-reported disability. Cognitive appraisals (tolerance and interference) indirectly influenced self-reported disability through emotional distress.

CONCLUSIONS
The data indicate that appraisals of personal ability to tolerate vision loss and the perceived interference of vision loss on goal-directed behaviour and expected activities have greater influence on distress and are subsequently predictive of disability in comparison with objective symptoms (visual acuity). Implications for clinical interventions and further research are discussed.


The students' ability of learning science is largely depending up on the quality of instruction provided in the classrooms. The traditional methods of teaching are not working apt with the needs and capabilities of present day children. The teaching strategy for the modern period must suit to the requirements, capabilities and interests of the pupils. Certain attempts like Individualized instructional Material is to be developed for effective teaching of science.The present paper is a study focused on developing an Individualized Audio Instructional Material on the content areas "Magnetic Effect" and "Current Electricity" from the subject physics. It is intended to validate the constructed material and also to find its effectiveness in teaching and learning of physics among high school students. The study was an experimental research based on Pre-test Post-test method. There were control and experimental groups in the experimenting phase of the research. It is found that the developed Audio Instructional Material was very effective in teaching and learning of physics for high school students. Key w ords: Individualized Audio Instructional Material, conventional method, Achievement.


We aim to study the modeling limitations of the commonly employed boosted decision trees classifier. Inspired by the success of large, data-hungry visual recognition models (e.g. deep convolutional neural networks), this paper focuses on the relationship between modeling capacity of the weak learners, dataset size, and dataset properties. A set of novel experiments on the Caltech Pedestrian Detection benchmark results in the best known performance among non-CNN techniques while operating at fast run-time speed. Furthermore, the performance is on par with deep architectures (9.71% log-average miss rate), while using only HOG+LUV channels as features. The conclusions from this study are shown to generalize over different object detection domains as demonstrated on the FDDB face detection benchmark (93.37% accuracy). Despite the impressive performance, this study reveals the limited modeling capacity of the common boosted trees model, motivating a need for architectural changes in order to compete with multi-level and very deep architectures.


This research gathered student perceptions of the aims of their senior school education in an independent school. The data was collected using Q-methodology. Participants completed the same Q-sort twice. The Q-sorts were factor analysed resulting in three factors for Q-sort 1 expressing students' own perceptions; these were titled: Future personal success, Enjoyment and care, and Empowerment. Four factors were retained from Q-sort 2, where students completed the same Q-sort from a hypothetical teacher's point of view; these were titled: Social cohesion and enjoyment, Academic importance, Fulfilling potential, and Personal development and wider societal benefits.

Literature around the aims of education, the statements for the Q-set and the resulting factors were analysed using Schwartz's model of basic human values and pan-cultural baseline of value priorities as an analytical lens. This showed that although the aims of education align with Schwartz's findings of societal values, the participants in this study expressed differing value priorities to those in Schwartz's pan-cultural baseline. Through this lens, it was found that student perceptions of the aims of their education in this independent school focus mainly on the value of self-determination, in line with Schwartz's findings in societies. Differing from Schwartz's findings in societies, however, is the high prevalence of self-enhancement and hedonism values in the students' perceptions of the aims of their education. Also differing majorly from Schwartz's findings is the low prevalence of benevolence and universalism in the students' perceptions of the aims of their education.

The study concludes that further research into the values of independently educated students would provide further valuable insights, and that schools should consider carefully the values that may be enhanced or demoted through certain educational activities.


Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is common and disabling, but its neural pathophysiology remains unclear. Functional brain network studies in MDD have largely had limited statistical power and data analysis approaches have varied widely. The REST-meta-MDD Project of resting-state fMRI (R-fMRI) addresses these issues. The 25 research groups in China composing the REST-meta-MDD Project contributed R-fMRI data of 1,300 patients with MDD and 1,128 normal controls (NCs). The data were preprocessed locally with a standardized protocol prior to aggregated group analyses. We focused on functional connectivity (FC) within the default mode network (DMN), frequently reported to show increased FC in MDD. We found decreased instead of increased DMN FC when comparing 848 MDDs with 794 NCs from 17 sites after data exclusion. We found FC reduction only in recurrent MDD, not in first-episode drug-naïve MDD. Decreased DMN FC was associated with medication usage but not with MDD duration. DMN FC was also positively related to symptom severity but only in recurrent MDDs. Exploratory analyses also revealed alterations of local intrinsic activity in MDD. We confirmed the key role of DMN in MDD but found reduced rather than increased FC within the DMN. Future studies should test whether decreased DMN FC mediates treatment response. This manuscript announces the publicly available resting-state fMRI indices of the REST-meta-MDD consortium shared via the R-fMRI Maps Project. The REST-meta-MDD model can be generalized to longitudinal depression studies and to other psychiatric disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Functional connectivity within the default mode network in major depressive disorder patients has been frequently reported abnormal but with contradicting directions in previous small sample size studies. By creating the REST-meta-MDD consortium containing neuroimaging data of 1,300 depressed patients and 1,128 normal controls from 25 research groups in China, we found decreased default mode network functional connectivity in depressed patients, driven by patients with recurrent depression, and associated with current medication treatment but not with disease duration. These findings suggest that default mode network functional connectivity remains a prime target for understanding the pathophysiology of depression, with particular relevance to revealing mechanisms of effective treatments.


In 1959 the Italian artist Piero Manzoni introduced, with great expectations, his pneumatic sculpture kit Corpo d'aria. Despite their initial muted reception, they are in retrospect the most important works in the artist's oeuvre. The kits are the first realization of the artist's larger ambitions and would define all subsequent projects by the artist. The Corpi d'aria are also revealed to be a powerful and critique of the postwar vanguard's desire to undo art's autonomy and transcendence while simultaneously maintaining the artistic privilege that extended from these claims.


Some drumlins are shown to belong to a family of remnant erosional ridges associated with subglacial meltwater. The lengths of these ridges vary in scale from a few tens of millimetres to over 5 km. Similar form elements are illustrated for three scales of forms. It is concluded that some drumlins are composed of preexisting sediment or bedrock left upstanding in ridges as a result of the removal of surrounding materials. This erosional theory is related to an earlier theory in which drumlins are held to result from the infilling of subglacial cavities. The unifying factor for both theories is the role of sheets of subglacial meltwater.


Competition in an industry is not only caused by the presence of the existing competitors. Yet, thereare some other forces that helped the structure of the competition. Furniture industry is one of small industriesthat is growing in Pasuruan is considered to be capable in job creation and absorb labor force in largenumbers and be able to increase revenue and local communities. Small furniture business continuity industry inPasuruan will be effective if the coaching role of entrepreneurship. In the empowerment of the industry furniturein Pasuruan, Department of Cooperatives and SMEs Pasuruan making various efforts such as: (1) to provideguidance to human resources (HR), coaching is done by providing guidance entrepreneurial in form of trainingin the furniture craft industry in Pasuruan such as training to improve the facilitation of Intellectual PropertyRights (IPR). The training procedure is dealing with the management of patents, brand rights, the legality ofoperations, product design, entrepreneurship and management; (2) assistance in accessing capital; (3) developa cooperation network with the Department of Industry and Trade (DESPERINDAG) and the private sector, tofacilitate the promotion of the need for furniture in Pasuruan; and (4) the introduction of furniture products inPasuruan through exhibitions and promotions


Diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer may cause physical, psychological and social problems which may influence the patients' and their relatives' needs. This dissertation consists of three quantitative studies on the psychosocial needs of patients and relatives during and after the patients treatment. The patients had unmet psychological needs whereas relatives needed help with access to information and health care professionals. Physical and social impairment, an impaired body image, distress, anxiety, a lack of support and conflicts in their interpersonal relationships were associated with the patients unmet needs. Distress, anxiety and conflicts in the relationships were associated with the relatives' unmet needs. These factors may help to identify patients with a higher need for help and to conduct target support to those who actually need it.


. Introduction: Quercetin has demonstrated protective e ff ects against Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) due to its antioxidant and anti-in fl ammatory properties. However, its e ffi cacy is limited by poor solubility and low bioavailability. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an orally targeted delivery system that can enhance the clinical translation of quercetin in NEC. Methods: In thisstudy, we developed a novel ROS-responsivecomposite hydrogelfor synergistic delivery of quercetin, composedof mPEG-b-PMSPEP,sodium alginate,and calcium chloride. We employed an in vivo imaging system to assess the targeted e ffi cacy of R-NPQuercetin in in fl amed intestinal tissue. The e ff ects of R-NPQuercetin on oxidative stress, in fl ammation, proliferation, apoptosis, and intestinal mucosal barrier function were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo . Results: We observed that R-NPQuercetin, encapsulated with an alginic acid hydrogel, selectively degraded in response to high levels of ROS and accumulated in in fl amed intestinal tissue (approximately 3.46-fold higher than free quercetin). R-NPQuercetin e ff ectively scavenged excessive ROS, reduced pro-in fl ammatory cytokines (TNF-a ), and upregulated anti-in fl ammatory factors (IL-10). Furthermore, we discovered that R-NPQuercetin promoted cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and modulated intestinal mucosal barrier function in experimental NEC (Figure 1). Conclusion: Our studyachievedtheorallytargeteddeliveryofquercetinbyutilizingaROS-responsivecompositehydrogel


This paper explores the effects that collusion can have in newspaper markets where firms compete for advertising as well as for readership. We compare three modes of competition: i) competition in the advertising and the reader market, ii) semi-collusion over advertising (with competition in the reader market), and iii) (full) collusion in both the advertising and the reader market. We find that semi-collusion leads to less advertising (but higher advertising prices) and lower copy prices which is beneficial for readers. Under certain circumstances, semi-collusion may even benefit advertisers as newspaper circulation is higher. In addition, total welfare may rise due to semi-collusion. Results under full collusion are ambiguous. However, even under full collusion newspaper copy prices may decrease and welfare may increase. JEL Classification: L40, L82, D43, K21.


Acknowledgments list of abbreviations Chronology Chronological table of main events in 'Fortunata and Jacinta' Genealogical tables Introduction 1. Social and historical contexts of a changing world 2. Characters and configurations 3. Metaphors of mind.


The effect of single dose (50 mg) Captopril (C) used either alone or associated to diuretics (50 mg hydrochlorothiazide -HCTI) in the treatment of mild-moderate essential arterial hypertension was studied in a multicentric study. Eighty eight patients were chosen. After a minimum of 4 month follow-up period 53.4% responded (BDP less than 95 mm Hg) to single dose C (group 1:47 patients), 89.77% to 50 mg C in single dose together with 50 mg HTIT (group 2: 32 patients), 95.45% of two 50 mg doses of C and 50 mg HCIT (group 3: 5 patients), and 97.72% responded to 3 doses of C and 50 mg of HCTI (group 4: 2 patients). The decrease in blood pressure values was statistically significant (p, 000, Wilcoxon test) in groups 1 and 2, having a mean decrease in blood pressure (BP) of 14%. In group 1 (n = 42) the SBP which initially was 165.72 +/- 11.32, decreased to 148.28 +/- 11.5 and the DBP decreased from 101.55 +/- 5.68 to 87.28 +/- 6.59. In group 2 (n = 32) the SBP decreased from 173.50 +/- 14.08 to 152.44 +/- 20.8 and the DBP from 103.34 +/- 5.29 to 87.47 +/- 6.39. The response to monotherapy could not be statistically correlated either to early essential hypertension or to the patients age. Treatment was discontinued in three cases due to the secondary effects, cough, ageusia and nervousness, showing the remaining patients a good tolerance. No changes were observed in the analytical parameters. This study shows the usefulness and tolerance of single dose C as the initial treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.


The paper presents an overview of ROL2, a novel deductive object oriented database system developed at the University of Regina. ROL2 supports in a rule based framework nearly all important object oriented features such as object identity, complex objects, typing, information hiding, rule based methods, encapsulation of such methods, overloading, late binding, polymorphism, class hierarchies, multiple structural and behavioral inheritance with overriding, blocking, and conflict handling. It is so far the only deductive system that supports all these features in a pure rule based framework.


The Western Trauma Association (WTA) advocates using small-bore chest drains (e.g. 14Fr) in haemodynamically normal trauma patients for management of small Haemothoraxes (HTX) or Pneumothoraxes (PTX). This quality improvement project aimed to assess implementation of this guidance.

 We compared the use and outcomes of small-bore chest drains for management of HTX or PTX before (Cohort 1) and after (Cohort 2) adoption of WTA recommendations in a District General Hospital in London. We included all patients admitted under the General Surgeons with rib fractures.

 All patients were admitted with blunt chest injuries. Cohort 1: 60 patients [36 males, mean age 72 years (range 31-96)] admitted from May–December 2021. Cohort 2: 77 patients [42 males, mean age 73 years (range 23-102)] admitted from May–December 2022.
 In cohort 1, 10 patients (16%) required chest drains, all were surgically inserted large-bore drains (median size 28 Fr) there were no peri-procedural complications.
 In cohort 2, 11 patients (14%) required chest drains; 5 were surgically placed large bore drains (median size 28 Fr) and 6 were small-bore drains inserted by Seldinger technique (median size 18Fr). Two large-bore drains had periprocedural complications and both required re-insertion. The mean age was 60 years. In the small-bore group there were no peri-procedural complications, no drains occluded and the mean age was 75 years.

 After the implementation of this policy, small-bore drain use increased and appeared safe. This audit supports recent literature suggesting small-bore drains are as effective as larger bore and better tolerated.


A Bochner flat Kähler manifold is a Kähler manifold with vanishing Bochner curvature tensor. We shall give a uniformization of Bochner flat Kähler manifolds. One of the aims of this paper is to give a correction to the proof of our previous paper [9] concerning uniformization of Bochner flat Kähler manifolds. A Bochner flat locally conformal Kähler manifold is a locally conformal Kähler manifold with vanishing Bochner curvature tensor. We shall apply our result to Bochner flat locally conformal Kähler manifolds.


Breast abscess is a common clinical condition mostly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. However, infections due to mixed organisms are observed in non-lactational women, mostly in smokers. Salmonella infection causing breast abscess is extremely rare in developed countries. We report a case of Salmonella enterica subsp enterica (I) serovar Enteritidis breast abscess in a 48-year-old woman, a UK citizen, who had recently travelled abroad. She was treated successfully with a combination of surgery and ciprofloxacin. Unusual causative organisms should be kept in mind in patients with recent travel abroad and pus should be sent for microbiology. Mastitis caused by Salmonella spp can present with a severely indurated area that may take a few weeks to resolve. Complete assessment with biopsy of the indurated area and breast imaging is mandatory to exclude malignancy.


This work is aimed at studying the origination, formation and development of the first institutions in England for abnormal children. The analysis of historical documentation, books, photographs from the collections of the Russian and foreign libraries, and recollections of employees from these institutions help to reconstruct of the building architecture and planning. The study determines the basic laws of the building creation, change, extinction and advantages and disadvantages of the architecture affecting the comfortable conditions of buildings. The latter are intended for the non-trivial functional purpose and reflect the historical connection with the architecture of the building complex. The historical experience is important for further study in this area.


In order to check the long-term effects of oral contraceptives used in the GDR on certain serum-lipid-fractions, triglycerides, phospholipids, total and free cholesterol, and beta-lipoproteins were determined in four groups of 15 women each, taking the contraceptive preparations Ovosiston, Nonovlon, Gravistat, and Deposiston. Determinations were carried out before and following 3, 6, 12, and 18 month of drug administration. Statistically significant increases of triglycerides occurred under the combined preparations, of phospholipids under Ovosiston and Deposiston and of the beta-lipoproteins under Ovosiston and Gravistat. Total cholesterol showed a slight decrease under all preparations tested. At present the prognostic significance of these slight alterations of serum-lipid-concentrations cannot be estimated completely.


25 of these patients received discordant therapy. Furthermore, only 14 patients received discordant therapy with penicillin or cefotaxime/ceftriaxone, since the other 11 received cefuroxime initially. However, the main conclusion of Yu et al. [1] (last paragraph) is based on results for these 14 patients. Finally, Yu et al. [1] did not analyze the outcomes for patients infected separately with intermediately susceptible and resistant strains. It is well known that nonmeningeal pneumococcal infections caused by strains with penicillin MICs of 2 mg/mL can be successfully treated with penicillin, but this is not clear for strains with higher MICs [2]. No difference in mortality rates was found in 2 studies of nonmeningeal pneumococcal infections caused by strains susceptible and resistant to cefotaxime/ceftriaxone [3,4] and treated with these antimicrobials. The first of these studies [3] only included 5 isolates with cefotaxime/ceftriaxone MICs of 2 mg/ mL and 1 isolate with an MIC of 4 mg/ mL. In the second study [4], none of the isolates had MICs of 12 mg/mL. So it is also important to know the number of patients separately infected with resistant and intermediately susceptible strains (including the MICs) and the therapy administered during the 14 days to analyze the influence of the antimicrobial susceptibility on the outcomes for these patients. Thus, we think that, with the information offered in this study, it is not possible to make firm conclusions about the influence of discordant initial therapy on the outcomes for patients with pneumococcal bacteremia due to strains not susceptible to b-lactams.


The search of reduction for the permeability of concrete structures, and consequently, increase in the durability of the structural elements has led to develop products for this purpose. One of the options is the use of crystalline waterproofing admixture (CWA). This research evaluated the influence of the use of crystalized admixture for waterproofing on the Portland cement concrete porosity. Water absorption and compressive strength of concretes with crystalline waterproofing admixture at the dosage recommended by the supplier were evaluated and the results were compared with regular concrete, without addition of admixture. The results show a reduction of porosity with reduction of absorption from 3.30% to 0.32% at 56 days of age after specimens molding. A reduction of compressive strength by 7.89% in concrete with admixture was also observed.


Inhibition of mitochondria complex I in tumors that are metabolically dependent on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for their survival offers unique synthetic lethal opportunities. Examples of dependent contexts are AML and DLBCL, where OXPHOS is highly active and subpopulations of glioblastoma and neuroblastoma that possess genetic alterations which make them glycolysis deficient. In addition, several lines of evidence indicate that after treatment with chemo or targeted therapy, residual tumor cells become reliant on OXPHOS for their continued survival. In each of these cellular states, excessive dependence on OXPHOS renders tumor cells vulnerable to therapeutic targeting strategies that exploit this addiction. We have generated a series of novel, highly potent complex I inhibitors, which in vitro inhibit complex I with IC 50 values 50 values between 1-10 nM. Lead compounds specifically induce apoptosis with EC 50 values between 1-10 nM in OXPHOS dependent cancer models such as AML and DLBCL cell lines and in glycolysis deficient cancer cell lines. Of note, apoptosis is induced in primary AML cells but not in normal patient-derived CD34+ cells. These compounds are orally bioavailable with excellent pharmacokinetics properties in preclinical species making them appropriate tools for proof-of-concept studies in vivo. In agreement with data in cell culture, we have shown that daily oral treatment with as low as 5 -10 mg/kg of our OXPHOS inhibitors is well tolerated and induce strong regression of NB-1 (glycolysis-deficient cells) subcutaneous and intracranial xenografts. We have also demonstrated that sustained pharmacological inhibition of OXPHOS induce regression of DLBCL subcutaneous models and dramatically increase mice survival in an OCI-AML3 orthotopic xenograft model. In addition to synthetic lethality in monotherapy, we are exploring whether OXPHOS inhibition can overcome resistance to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and specific targeted therapies. Taken together, these data strongly support the notion that inhibiting OXPHOS in hypersensitive populations could be a novel, innovative therapeutic approach and justifies evaluation of OXPHOS inhibitors in a clinical setting. Citation Format: Joseph R. Marszalek, Madhavi Bandi, Jennifer Bardenhagen, Christopher Bristow, Christopher Carroll, Edward Chang, Ninping Feng, Barbara Czako, Jason Gay, Mary Geck Do, Jennifer Greer, Ryan M. Johnson, Marina Konopleva, Zhijun Kang, Gang Liu, Timothy Lofton, Timothy McAfoos, Marina Protopopova, Alessia Petrocchi, Florian Muller, Jay Theroff, Yuanqing Wu, Lynda Chin, Giulio Draetta, Philip Jones, Carlo Toniatti, Emilia Di Francesco. Identification of OXPHOS inhibitors which selectively kill tumors with specific metabolic vulnerabilities. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 949. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-949


Introduction/Background Minimally invasive surgery was considered as an alternative to laparotomy (open surgery) for radical hysterectomy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer with a similar survival rate. The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term outcomes of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (type III Piver) for early stage cervical cancer (IA1-IB1 FIGO). Methodology The retrospective study included data of 60 patients with early stage cervical cancer (IA1 - IB1, tumor size ≤2 cm), who underwent laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (type III by Piver) during the period from 2012 to 2016 at the oncogynaecological department of N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology. The primary endpoint - 4,5 - years disease-free survival. Results The median follow-up was 44 months (from 25 to 72 months). A 4.5-years disease-free survival was 94.5%. All patients included in the study were alive at the time of the assessment, 95% (57 patients) without signs of the disease, 5% (3 patients) developed a relapse. Conclusion Long-terms outcomes of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy are acceptable for the continuation of such type of surgical intervention. Laparoscopic approach seems to be an effective and safety option for early stage cervical cancer treatment, but the survival rate need to be analyzed in randomized studies. Disclosure Nothing to disclose.


Eucalyptus is known as a potential cause of cutaneous diseases due to contact with oil or pollens, and of respiratory allergic diseases due to exposure to pollens. We report the case of a 30-year-old woman with asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis in which symptoms appeared to be exacerbated by Eucalyptus pollens and by ingestion of an infusion containing Eucalyptus. Specific IgE were positive for Eucalyptus pollens and negative for common aeroallergens. Our report shows that Eucalyptus may elicit asthma and rhinitis with an IgE-mediated mechanism both by inhalation of pollens and by ingestion of herb infusions, and suggests that care should be taken in administering herbal medications in asthmatic subjects.


Every person in the world has a right to own, rent, or otherwise occupy property. But, billions of people lack documentary proof of their property rights. Why? Because the pieces of evidence that administrative agencies require to register property — things like a survey plan, a notarized will, or a state-issued identity card — may be inaccessible, or may not represent the reality of rights on the ground. As a result, land administration systems end up excluding billions of people. However, these macro pieces of evidence are far from the only proof of property claims. In fact, the reality of our property rights is evidenced by a multitude of small, everyday events: where we sleep at night, where our mail is delivered, the knowledge and memories of our neighbors, or the fact that we paid to put a new roof on our house or a fence around the yard. Until recently, these everyday events have occurred unrecorded, in the analog world, and beyond the sight of administrative agencies that provide us with property documents. But our lives are becoming increasingly digitized. With the proliferation of smartphones, satellites, and social media platforms, more and more of these small events leave a data trail. Taken together, this data can be used to create a tapestry of new evidence—let's call it a "tapestry credential"—that property holders could use to obtain documentation of their property rights. This report argues that a digital identity system—specifically, self-sovereign identity (SSI)—is the vehicle for harnessing this wealth of new data in a way that is trustworthy, secure, and privacy-preserving.


ABSTRACT Groups of dry seeds of four annual plant species which occur in the Negev highlands were placed on a natural, dry or wet loess soil crust surface near Sede Boker on the Zin plateau during the autumn before the first rains, and on the first day with rain (1.15 mm). Ant nests of Messor rugosus were 8 to 14m from the experimental plot. The length of time it took these ants to collect the free or adhered seeds was observed. When the mucilaginous ombrohydrochoric seeds of Anastatatica hierochuntica, Plantago coronopus, and Carrichtera annua adhere to wet soil that remains moist, most of the seeds may have time to germinate in proper conditions before they are collected by ants. However, all but 5% of the Reboudia pinnata seeds were collected within 2 h. The adhered seeds that had been moistened by wet soil crust and then dried, were collected by ants, in most cases, faster than when seeds and soil remained moist. Within 2 h none of the dry and free seeds situated on the dry soil surface remained. The ...


Organ/Tissue absorbed doses were measured with a life-size human phantom torso in the 9th Shuttle/Mir Mission (STS-91) from June 2 to 12, 1998. This is the first attempt to measure directly organ/tissue doses over a whole human body in space. The absorbed dose was measured by combination of two integrating detectors: thermo- luminescent dosemeter of Mg2SiO4: Tb (TDMS) and plastic nuclear track detector (PNTD). Both detectors were calibrated on ground using high-energy charged-particle beams. The detectors were packed in 59 cases of tissue-equivalent resin; and put into the positions of radiologically important organs and tissues in the phantom. Efficiency reductions of TDMS for high-LET particles were corrected based on the LET-differential particle fluence of space radiation measured with PNTDs. The accumulated absorbed doses during this 9.8-days mission at low-earth orbit (400 km x 51.6 degrees) ranged from 1.6 mGy at colon to 2.6 mGy at bone surface (shoulder) with a variation factor of 1.6. The absorbed doses at some internal organs were higher than the skin dose. This fact is important from the viewpoint of radiological protection for astronauts.


Visible-near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy was used to predict dry matter, fat, pH, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, xanthophylls, sodium chloride, calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, total antioxidant capacity, brightness, redness, and yellowness in both fresh and freeze-dried cheeses. A total of 445 cheeses of four cheese varieties were investigated. Composition of samples was analyzed by reference methods. Samples were scanned (400-2500 nm) and predictive equations were developed using modified partial least-squares with both cross-validation and external validation. Coefficient of determination (R(2)) and residual predictive deviation (RPD) in external validation were satisfactory for dry matter (0.97; 5.99), fat (0.90; 3.22), beta-carotene (0.92; 3.43), sodium chloride (0.89; 2.94), calcium (0.95; 4.62), Zinc (0.93; 3.75), brightness (0.96; 4.88), redness (0.96; 5.23), and yellowness (0.93; 3.73) in fresh cheeses. Poor predictions were obtained for pH, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, xanthophylls, potassium, magnesium, and total antioxidant capacity (R(2) < 0.81; RPD < 3).


LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Describe the pathophysiology of burn injury. 2. Calculate burn size and resuscitation requirements and predict survival. 3. Treat inhalation injury. 4. Describe preoperative selection, intraoperative procedures, and postoperative protocols for patients who require surgical care for their burn injuries. 5. Know the survival and functional outcomes of burn injury. Burn injuries are complex cutaneous traumas cared for by many plastic surgeons. Care is stratified by burn size, depth, and associated injuries. Advances in surgical technique, wound care, and bioengineered skin have resulted in excellent outcomes for most burn survivors. Moderate burn injuries can be treated effectively by an interested and experienced plastic surgeon. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 105: 2482, 2000.)


Key Points Toxicity risk can be identified early by tumor burden and fever characteristics. Cytokine-based algorithms have excellent predictive power. Chimeric Ag receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has shown astonishing potency in treating a variety of hematological malignancies in recent years. Along with this lifesaving potential comes the life-threatening toxicities of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity. This work seeks to consolidate biomarker candidates with the potential to predict the severity of CRS and neurotoxicity in patients receiving CD19-targeted CAR T cell therapy. In this systematic review, 33 clinical trials were evaluated for biomarkers that can predict the severity of posttreatment CRS and neurotoxicity. CRS and neurotoxicity occurred in 73.4 and 37% of the reviewed patients, respectively. Identified biomarker candidates included tumor burden, platelet count, C-reactive protein, ferritin, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, and TGF-β. Combinatorial algorithms based on cytokine levels and clinical parameters show excellent promise in predicting CAR-T-cell-therapy–associated toxicities, with improved accuracy over the component biomarkers.


Inflow in Jatiluhur Reservoir located on the Citarum River is influenced by outflow from Cirata Reservoir and Saguling Reservoir which are above it. These three reservoirs are incorporated in the Citarum Cascade System Reservoir. This inflow analysis is related to the availability of water in the Jatiluhur Reservoir, which is a multi-purpose reservoir, which then becomes the mainstay of the water supply as a hydropower operation pattern. Runoff rain modeling using HEC-HMS software using data on rainfall, temperature, land cover, soil type and topography. Parameters generated from observation and modeling are coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-Stuclift (NSE), and Percent Bias (PBIAS). The results of the case study show that the parameters of the observed local inflow (R2: 0.693; NSE: 0.525; PBIAS: 9.88%) with data sources from the Jatiluhur Reservoir manager are better than the local inflow analysis results (R2: 0.533; NSE: - 0.457; PBIAS: 48.88%) with data sources from water level (TMA). Meanwhile, the total inflow of observations (R2: 0.982; NSE: 0.973; PBIAS: 1.14%) with data sources from the Jatiluhur Reservoir manager is better than the total inflow analysis results (R2: 0.932; NSE: 0.889; PBIAS: 9.43 %) with the data source from the water level (TMA).


The N629D mutation, adjacent to the GFG signature sequence of the HERG1 A K(+) channel, causes long-QT syndrome (LQTS). Expression of N629D in Xenopus oocytes produces a rapidly activating, noninactivating current. N629D is nonselective among monovalent cations; permeation of K(+) was similar to that of Na(+) or Cs(+). During repolarization to potentials between -30 and -70 mV, N629D manifested an inward tail current, which was abolished by replacement of extracellular Na(+) (Na(+)(e)) with extracellular N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMG(e)). Because LQTS occurs in heterozygous patients, we coexpressed N629D and wild type (WT) at equimolar concentrations. Heteromultimer formation was demonstrated by analyzing the response to 0 [K(+)](e). The outward time-dependent current was nearly eliminated for WT at 0 [K(+)](e), whereas no reduction was observed for homomultimeric N629D or for the equimolar coexpressed current. To assess physiological significance, dofetilide-sensitive currents were recorded during application of simulated action potential clamps. During phase 3 repolarization, WT manifested outward currents, whereas homomultimeric N629D manifested inward depolarizing currents. During coexpression studies, variable phenotypes were observed ranging from a reduction in outward repolarizing current to net inward depolarizing current during phase 3. In summary, N629D replaces the WT outward repolarizing tail current with an inward depolarizing sodium current, which is expected to delay later stages of repolarization and contribute to arrhythmogenesis. Thus, the consequences of N629D resemble the pathophysiology seen in LQT3 Na(+) channel mutations and may be considered the first LQTS K(+) channel mutation that exhibits gain of function.


The authors describe the difference between canopy cover (proportion of the forest floor covered by the vertical projection of the tree crowns) and canopy closure (proportion of sky hemisphere obscured by vegetation when viewed from a single point) and the respective ground-based estimation techniques focused on two types of densiometer (GRS tube and spherical). The data collected in the field were used to analyse the relationship between forest canopy and natural regeneration in two subtypes of subalpine larch-spruce forests. The results indicate that in the first subtype characterized by a high fertility and a high canopy cover (around 62%), the level of natural regeneration is low (115 stems per hectare) and it is nearly exclusively composed by spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. For the second subtype characterized by a low fertility and a medium canopy cover (around 49%) the natural regeneration is rather dense (650 stems per hectare). At last the authors evidence a insignificant difference between the data of forest canopy collected by different ground-based estimation techniques (+0.7% using spherical densiometer compared to using GRS tube densiometer).


A distribution management system increases system efficiency optimizes power flows, and prevents overloads. Such a system whose responsive time is significant, using microservices in this paper is studied. This paper proposes an application for the distributed topology analysis of an electricity network model. The application relies on microservice architecture; one service being divided into multiple microservices, with Microsoft Azure Service Fabric used for deploying microservices. Testing is performed on different test cases and the benefits of obtained results for using such an application in microservice environment is demonstrated. The results obtained are compared with monolithic results of such an application. The results demonstrated required quicker execution times for calculations deployed as microservices.


UNLABELLED
uMelt(SM) is a flexible web-based tool for predicting DNA melting curves and denaturation profiles of PCR products. The user defines an amplicon sequence and chooses a set of thermodynamic and experimental parameters that include nearest neighbor stacking energies, loop entropy effects, cation (monovalent and Mg(++)) concentrations and a temperature range. Using an accelerated partition function algorithm along with chosen parameter values, uMelt interactively calculates and visualizes the mean helicity and the dissociation probability at each sequence position at temperatures within the temperature range. Predicted curves display the mean helicity as a function of temperature or as derivative plots. Predicted profiles display stability as a function of sequence position either as 50% helicity temperatures or as the helicity probability at specific temperatures. The loss of helicity associated with increasing temperature may be viewed dynamically to visualize domain formation within the molecule. Results from fluorescent high-resolution melting experiments match the number of predicted melting domains and their relative temperatures. However, the absolute melting temperatures vary with the selected thermodynamic parameters and current libraries do not account for the rapid melting rates and helix stabilizing dyes used in fluorescent melting experiments. uMelt provides a convenient platform for simulation and design of high-resolution melting assays.

AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION
The application was developed in Actionscript and can be found online at http://www.dna.utah.edu/umelt/umelt.html. Adobe Flash is required to run in all browsers.


Resonant magnetic modes with odd and even symmetries were studied by inelastic neutron scattering experiments in the bilayer high-Tc superconductor Y1-xCa+Ba2Cu3O6+y over a wide doping range. The threshold of the spin excitation continuum in the superconducting state, deduced from the energies and spectral weights of both modes, is compared with the superconducting d-wave gap, deduced from electronic Raman scattering in the B1g symmetry on the same samples. Above a critical doping level of delta approximately =0.19, both mode energies and the continuum threshold coincide. We find a simple scaling relationship between the characteristic energies and spectral weights of both modes, which indicates that the resonant modes are bound states in the superconducting energy gap, as predicted by the spin-exciton model of the resonant mode.


Furrow-irrigated onion (Allium cepa L.) production, with high N fertilization rates, may be contributing NO 3 -N to ground water in southeastern Colorado. This study determined the growth and N uptake patterns of onion grown on a silty day soil, N fertilizer use efficiency (NFUE) of onion, and recovery of residual N fertilizer by corn (Zea mays L.) following onion in rotation. Onion was sampled biweekly from 18 May to 15 Sept. 1998 from plots receiving 0 and 224 kg N ha -1 . Nonlabeled N and labeled 15 N fertilizer were band-applied near the onion row in split applications of 112 kg N ha -1 each on 18 May and 25 June. Onion dry matter accumulation was slow from planting to about late May, followed by a rapid increase in biomass production and N uptake. Because residual soil NO 3 -N was high, N fertilization resulted in only a small increase in bulb yield. Greatest demand for N by onion occurred during bulb development. Fertilizer N recovery by onion was 11 and 19% for May and June N applications (average 15%), respectively. Much of the fertilizer N remained in the upper 60-cm soil profile at harvest and had moved toward the onion bed center. Fertilizer 15 N detected at 180-cm soil depth indicated leaching losses from the root zone. The unfertilized 1999 corn crop recovered 24% of fertilizer N applied to onion for a total fertilizer N uptake by the two crops of 39%. Delaying N fertilizer application until onion bulbing begins may improve NFUE. Planting corn directly on the previous onion bed may result in greater N fertilizer recovery by corn.


Roadside vegetation provides numerous environmental and psychological benefits to drivers. Previous studies have shown that natural landscapes can effectively lower crash rates and cause less stress and frustration to the driver. However, run-off-the-road crashes resulting in a collision with a tree are twice as likely to result in a fatality, thus reinforcing the need to examine the placement of vegetation within the clear zone, defined herein as a flat unobstructed area for errant vehicles to recover. This study explores the relationship between the size of the clear zone and the presence of roadside vegetation on selected driver attributes, including both driver speed and lateral positioning. To evaluate the effect on the driver speed selection process, a static evaluation was employed. Completed by more than 100 drivers, the static evaluation was utilized to gather speed selections on both real and virtual roads containing four combinations of clear zone size and roadside vegetation density. Additionally, field data was collected to validate the findings of the static evaluation and to determine the extent to which roadside vegetation impacts driving attributes. When presented with a largeclear zone, drivers positioned the vehicle further from the edge of the road as the vegetation density increased. Furthermore, the speeds observed in the field correlated with the speeds that participants selected when watching a video of the same road. Finally, the UMassSafe Traffic Safety Data Warehouse was utilized to link crash and roadway data, allowing for an in-depth analysis of run-off-theroad (ROR) crash severity. The results of this study further demonstrate the nature of the relationship between clear zone design and driver behavior. Additionally, the results provide information regarding improved clear zone design practices that may translate into improved roadway safety.


This Article explains how the federal organizational sentencing guidelines work and how they have created incentives for businesses to set up compliance programs. It then considers the paucity of evidence that compliance programs actually prevent the occurrence of corporate crime. It also questions whether investments in compliance programs make sense even for companies caught in a federal criminal investigation. There is little evidence that compliance programs have any significant effect on the likelihood that federal prosecutors will file criminal charges in the first instance. Even more surprisingly, examination of U.S. Sentencing Commission statistics reveals that the compliance program movement seems to have had almost no effect on the size of corporate penalties levied in federal criminal cases. For example, despite the fact that compliance programs are promoted as a method of reducing potentially onerous federal criminal fines, only three organizations have ever received a fine reduction for having an effective compliance program. The Article offers some explanations of why compliance programs continue to proliferate despite the lack of evidence that they work to prevent crime or to reduce corporate criminal penalties, and concludes by wondering if the speculative benefits of the compliance movement may be outweighed by its cost.


The paper introduces quantitative earthquake damage estimation method based on remote sensing data. The quantitative remote sensing seismic damage index based on building damage extracted from the aerial image of Dujiangyan city proper, southwest China's Sichuan province, which acquired after 2008 Ms=8.0 Wenchuan earthquake. The actual seismic damage indices were determined by the ground-based investigation in the city proper. Then their quantitative relationship was established. The results indicate that it is possible to build quantitative model of remote sensing seismic damage, which will enhance significantly the practicality applying the remote sensing in emergency acquisition and analysis of seismic disaster.


The paper draws attention to the similarities between feminist pleas for "women's visibility in the language" (the demand to consistently include gender indicators into professional names and titles) and a particular type of aphasia. This is namely the so-called "similarity disorder", whose symptoms were analyzed and systematically described by Roman Jakobson. This type of disorder becomes manifest as a more or less impaired capacity for selection and substitution of linguistic signs, which on the one hand have equal values, while on the other, they are different. The tendency to consistently (nominally) differentiate by sex ("gender") professional titles and names corresponds to a situation when an individual affected by aphasia lacks the capacity to use the word knife to designate various types of knives, but rather invents complex alternate names (e.g. pencil-sharpener , apple-parer ) for every single item of a different shape and purpose. The difference is that an aphasic person has an impaired capacity of selection, whereas feminists strive to abolish the freedom of selection. The paper presents the mechanism of the motion of nouns in the Serbian language and demonstrates that unmotioned items have two different values: one is related to verbal logical reasoning ( profesor – a role, person performing that role), whereas the other is related to what is apparent. That lower level of reasoning implies an ostensive and/or iconic reference, and, consequently, gender sensitivity ( profesor – male professor, and profesorica – female professor).


Abstract When the invention of photography was publicly announced in 1839, the new medium was soon perceived as an essential tool for surveying new territories. From the early 1850s the Government of India made official the recording of architecture and antiquities and sponsored several photographic expeditions. This article presents the development of official photography in India from its inception in the mid-1850s to the late 1860s, focusing primarily on the work of two important practitioners, Linnaeus Tripe and Edmund David Lyon, who were both employed by the Government of Madras. Separated by ten years, Tripe and Lyon travelled throughout South India during their employment with the Madras Presidency and frequently recorded the same sites. A comparison of their work reveals the changes that arose in the concept of delineating architecture and antiquities between the 1850s and the 1860s and the alterations which the recorded monuments underwent in that time, as well as enabling the compositional styl...


Abstract.
 There is increasing interest in the hydroponic technology to produce leafy vegetables for ready-to-eat salads. Optimisation of the growing system can lead to higher yield and/or improved nutritional value of the product. Selenium (Se) is an essential element for animal and humans, with quite a narrow range between deficiency and toxicity, whereas it is assumed beneficial for plants. In the present study, two cultivars (Gala and Baron) of corn salad (Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterr.) were used to test the possibility to increase Se content in the edible parts (leaves). Effects on yield, nitrate content, and accumulation of sulfur (S) and S-containing amino acids and Se and Se-containing amino acids were studied. Results showed that corn salad tolerates selenate (Na2SeO4) concentrations ranging from 10 to 40 µm in the nutrient solution, with plants accumulating Se at levels compatible with the need in human diets at 10 µm selenate. Se-treated plants showed some benefits with respect to a decrease of nitrate concentration and increase of pigment contents (chlorophylls and carotenoids). At 10 µm selenate, Se-cysteine and Se-methionine were produced, without affecting non-protein thiols or cysteine and methionine contents. At the higher Se supply, sulfate accumulated in the leaves with a parallel decrease in the amount of S-amino acids and a rise in the relative amount of Se-amino acids. Based on the chemical analyses, cv. Gala showed better tolerance than cv. Baron to moderate selenate supply (40 µm).


Deficient cement mantles are associated with aseptic loosening of the stem component of total hip replacement. In a former study of 206 Charnley stems, we found high frequencies of stem malalignment, especially on the lateral view, consequently resulting in a high percentage of low cement mantle grading. If the "true" lateral radiographic projection is not used, there is a risk that the frequency of mantle defects is underestimated. A logistic regression analysis showed a high correlation between low cement mantle grading and stem loosening after a mean follow-up of 10 years. The new Charnley instrumentation was introduced in 1994 and we started a randomized trial including 123 prostheses to determine whether the new instrumentation improved the position of the stem in both the AP and lateral planes. Postoperative radiographs revealed a significant change in AP positioning - i.e., from a high percentage of varus with the original method to valgus with the new instrumentation. However, there was no difference on the lateral view, with a persisting high frequency of stems with implant-inner cortex contact resulting in high percentages of low cement-mantle grading in both systems. If this deficiency, in a long-term perspective, is associated with aseptic loosening, as many authors have claimed, the manufacturers should address the problem.


We consider how non-humanoid robots can communicate their affective state via bodily forms of communication, and the extent to which this can influence human response. We propose a simple model of grounded affect and kinesic expression and outline two experiments (N=9 and N=180) in which participants were asked to watch expressive and nonexpressive hexapod robots perform different 'scenes'. Our preliminary findings suggest the expressive robot stimulated greater desire for interaction, and was more likely to be attributed with emotion. It also elicited more desire for prosocial behaviour.


3D food printing has recently attracted significant attention, both from academic and industrial researchers, due to its ability to manufacture customized products in such terms as size, shape, texture, color, and nutrition to meet demands of individual consumers. 4D printing, which is a technique that allows evolution of various characteristics/properties of 3D printed objects over time through external stimulation, has also been gaining more attention. In order to produce defect-free printed objects via both 3D and 4D printing, it is necessary to first identify the causes of defects and then their mitigation strategies. Comprehensive review on these important issues is nevertheless missing. The purpose of this review is to investigate causes and characteristics of defects occurring during and/or after 3D food printing, with a focus on how different factors affect the printing accuracy. Various techniques that can potentially minimize or eliminate printing defects and produce high-quality 3D/4D printed food products without the need for time-consuming trial and error printing experiments are critically discussed. Guidelines to avoid defects to improve the efficiency of future 3D/4D printed food production are given.


The purpose of this research study was to contribute to a better understanding of Common Core Math and Reading/Language Arts Standards for high school students in preparation for post-graduation vocational careers . Thi s research study collected data regarding rural I l l inois high school administrator, school board, and teacher perceptions of the Common Core Standards' applicability to students pursuing vocational careers . Data was collected through an online survey and analyzed using Qualtrics and SPSS, version 22. The results of the research revealed that the large maj ority of the Common Core Standards prepare students for college and not for vocational careers . Recommendations for practice and further research were made based on the findings of this study. Common Core Standards' Preparation for Vocational Careers in Rural Illinois Public High Schools 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study would not have been possible without assistance from the study' s population, faculty advisement, and the supp01i of my colleagues, students, friends, and family. First, I would l ike to thank all of the teachers, administrators, and school board members who participated in this study. Thank you for taking time out of your busy schedules to help me gather data. Your participation acknowledges that this is a cun-ent i ssue w01ihy of analysis. Secondly, I would like to thank my faculty advisers who contributed to the subject, development, and compl etion of this thesis. Dr. Julie Chadd, thank you for providing me with Subject Matter Experts and helping in my thesis revisions . Dr. Luke Steinke, my research instructor, thank you for your guidance and helping me develop my research methods. Most importantly, I would l ike to thank Dr. R. Lance Hogan, who served as my thesis committee chair and instructor for two classes. Thank you for providing me with outstanding leadership and ski l l s necessary to complete this process . Thank you for all of the time you spent reviewing and making revision recommendations . Thank you especially for believing in the potential and importance of this study. Next, I would like to thank my colleagues and students. Thank you, colleagues, for your feedback, participation, and support. Thank you, students, for your patience while my attention has been divided between completing this study and my classroom. Finally, I would l ike to thank my friends and family. Thank you for understanding the importance of my life's work . Thank you for your unconditional support and encouragement throughout this entire process. Common Core Standards' Preparation for Vocational Careers in Rural Illinois Public High Schools 4


Allergic contact cheilitis describes a not uncommon inflammatory reaction of the lips. We reviewed its allergic causes, mid suspect that the literature does not adequately document the frequency and etiologic factors involved.


We look for four-dimensional Einstein-Weyl spaces equipped with a regular Bianchi metric. Using the explicit four-parameter expression of the distance obtained in a previous work for non-conformally Einstein Einstein-Weyl structures, we show that only four one-parameter families of regular metrics exist on orientable manifolds: they are all of Bianchi type IX and locally conformally Kahler; moreover, in agreement with general results, they have a positive-definite conformal scalar curvature. In a Gauduchon gauge, they are compact and we obtain their topological invariants. Finally, we compare our results to the general analyses of Madsen, Pedersen, Poon and Swann: our simpler parametrization allows us to correct some of their assertions.


We present Spitzer observations of the unusual variable V838 Monocerotis. Extended emission is detected around the object at 24, 70, and 160 μm. The extended infrared emission is strongly correlated spatially with the HST optical light echo images taken at a similar epoch. We attribute this diffuse nebulosity to an infrared light echo caused by reprocessed thermal emission from dust heated by the outward-propagating radiation from the 2002 eruption. The detection of an IR light echo provides us with an opportunity to estimate the mass in dust of the echo material and hence constrain its origin. We estimate the dust mass of the light echo to be on the order of a solar mass—thereby implying the total gas plus dust mass to be considerably more—too massive for the echo material to be the ejecta from previous outburst/mass-losing events. This suggests therefore that a significant fraction of the matter seen through the light echo is interstellar in origin. Unresolved emission at 24 and 70 μm is also seen at the position of the central star, possibly indicating the presence of hot dust freshly condensed in the outburst ejecta.


Combining feminist, queer, and postcolonial perspectives, the proposed article analyzes and critically interrogates Cockroach by Arab-Quebecois writer Rawi Hage, focusing in particular on the writer's orientation toward the past and his fascination with dark themes relating to destitution, abjection, delinquency, unhappiness, and violence. It relies on recent feminist and particularly queer cultural studies theoretical elaborations that have explored the potential of backward trajectories and dark affects to envision bright futures (Halberstam, 2011; Brooks, 2006; Love, 2007; Ahmed, 2010). In particular, the essay analyzes the ways in which Hage intersects past traumatic experiences of war and violence with more recent forms of racial discrimination and oppression, to show that Cockroach draws a continuum across temporal and geographical borders. It argues that by venturing into the dark territories of violence and abjection, Hage disturbs what we normally perceive as familiar, and powerfully reveals what usually remains unseen within our multicultural democracies: the contradictions, limits, and failures of the assumption of happiness (Ahmed, 2010). Finally, it claims that by observing Canadian multiculturalism from the vantage point of his 'wretched' character, we suddenly realize that happiness may also be a bad, "ugly" feeling (Ngai, 2007), particularly when it is imposed by power in an attempt to hide the asymmetries, injustices, and discriminations that still persist in today's democracies.


Soltani Z, Rasheed K, Kapusta DR, et al. (2013) Potential role of uric acid in metabolic syndrome, hypertension, kidney injury, and cardiovascular diseases: Is it time for reappraisal?. Current Hypertension Reports 15(3): 175–181. DOI: 10.1007/s11906013-0344-5.e. Stamp LK, Taylor WJ, Jones PB, et al. (2012) Starting dose is a risk factor for allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome: A proposed safe starting dose of allopurinol. Arthritis and Rheumatology 64(8): 2529–2536. DOI: 10.1002/art.34488.


inordinately high incidence of coronary artery disease, he said: In a group of 20 men, everyone of whom I knew personally, the outstanding feature was the incessant treadmill of practice; and yet if hard work-that "badge of all our tribe"-was alone responsible would there not be a great many more cases? Everyone of these men had an added factor-worry. To temper this belief, also, Hinkle and his colleagues found that the "stresses and tensions of daily life" appeared to be equally great for employees from all levels, and that executives had no monopoly of the cares of the world.


The technology is advancing so unstoppable even in times of crisis. Sometimes it is difficult to take advantage of it because in no time a new and improved version of the above techniques appears to continue this progress. Within educational technologies aimed at enhancing remote laboratories is the same. From HTTP to websockets communication protocols the technology offers new alternatives to improve bidirectional communications between the client and the server. This paper shows how an integrated development initially HTTP has evolved to lead to a websockets-supported system for controlling a servomotor. The introduction of this communication technology is simplified to allow reuse existing laboratories, thus allowing reuse HTTP previous architectures, hardware and services, including a more advanced environment that uses websockets as communications support. How couldn't it be otherwise, the characteristic of the IoT hardware, in this case Arduino and Raspberry Pi, has been essential in this task. The goal: to reuse existing remote laboratories improve their communication protocol and expand the possibilities of client-server interaction retaining its character as an educational tool.


To develop an extended model of human cardiovascular system which is combined with the control functions of central nervous system (CNS). A multi-element, nonlinear mathematical model of the baroreflex function of CNS to the circulation model is developed . Computer simulation studies are performed and in accordance with the results of parallel human experiments and some clinical data published before. The developed model was helpful to describe the influences of CNS to the circulation system, and matched with the human system closely.


We report a case of spinal myoclonus following cesarean section. The patient was a 34-year-old woman without history of neurologic disorders. In the operating room, after placement of an epidural catheter at T12-L1, bupivacaine 2.4 ml was administered intrathecally via a 25 G needle at L2-3. Epidural administration of ropivacaine (0.13%, 4 ml x hr(-1)) was started 72 min after spinal anesthesia. The intra- and postoperative courses were otherwise uneventful. The patient complained of involuntary jerky movements of her lower legs 195 min after the start of the spinal anesthesia. The sensory level was T12 and she could move her legs on command but could not stop her involuntary movements. The myoclonic movements ceased 150 min later without medication and did not reappear, despite restarting the epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine.


Unicellular plankton employ trophic strategies ranging from pure photoautotrophs over mixotrophy to obligate heterotrophs (phagotrophs), with cell sizes from 10−8 to 1 μg C. A full understanding of how trophic strategy and cell size depend on resource environment and predation is lacking. To this end, we develop and calibrate a trait-based model for unicellular planktonic organisms characterized by four traits: cell size and investments in phototrophy, nutrient uptake, and phagotrophy. We use the model to predict how optimal trophic strategies depend on cell size under various environmental conditions, including seasonal succession. We identify two mixotrophic strategies: generalist mixotrophs investing in all three investment traits and obligate mixotrophs investing only in phototrophy and phagotrophy. We formulate two conjectures: (1) most cells are limited by organic carbon; however, small unicellulars are colimited by organic carbon and nutrients, and only large photoautotrophs and smaller mixotrophs are nutrient limited; (2) trophic strategy is bottom-up selected by the environment, while optimal size is top-down selected by predation. The focus on cell size and trophic strategies facilitates general insights into the strategies of a broad class of organisms in the size range from micrometers to millimeters that dominate the primary and secondary production of the world's oceans.


Experiments on frequency step tuning have been performed in a coaxial cavity gyrotron equipped with a Brewster window. In single-mode operation, 19 different modes have been excited with high power In a frequency range between 134-169.5 GHz. In all modes, the radio frequency (RF) power was efficiently transmitted through the output window with only slightly varying RF power distribution. The step-frequency tuning is restricted by the coaxial insert. In particular, the strong increase of the quality factor for small values of the parameter w, which describes the corrugation impedance, limits the maximum frequency range. Furthermore, the increase of ohmic losses at the insert for modes with reduced caustic radius may restrict the selection of usable modes.


The theories of metric spaces and fuzzy metric spaces are crucial topics in mathematics.
Compactness is one of the most important and fundamental properties that have been widely used in Functional Analysis. In this paper, the definition of compact fuzzy soft metric space is introduced and some of its important theorems are investigated. Also, sequentially compact fuzzy soft metric space and locally compact fuzzy soft metric space are defined and the relationships between them are studied. Moreover, the relationships between each of the previous two concepts and several other known concepts are investigated separately. Besides, the compact fuzzy soft continuous functions are studied and some essential theorems are proved.


Studies on Bio-ecology of Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), harmful leafhopper on maize plant in Diyarbakir Province This study was carried out in order to determine the bio-ecology of harmful corn leafhopper, Zyginidia sohrab Zatchvakin (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) on maize plant in Diyarbakir province in the years of 2010 and 2012. For this purpose, its first emergence time to the nature, alternative host plants, population development in main and second crop maize and the number of generations per year were determined. The studies were done weekly from March to December at the maize cultivated areas and non agriculture land. It was found that Z. sohrab was came out at the earliest in the middle of April to nature, fed on narrow leaf weeds, especially the most preferred as weed was Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. (Johnson grass), and passed to the main crop maize in the beginning of June. The population of Z. sohrab reached to peak level at the maturity stage on main crop maize, after the harvest, the population of Z. sohrab passed to the second crop maize and reached also to a peak level at the generative and maturity stage on the second crop maize was determined. The mean number of Z. sohrab adults detected on the yellow sticky traps at the second crop maize were eight time more than the main crop maize and it was also determined that the rate of population Z. sohrab became only dominated species by increasing over 90% among the other leafhopper species (E. decipiens and A. decedens, P. striatus) feeding on the maize plant. Besides it was determined that Z. sohrab gave five generations per year and entered to diapause period as adult depending on temperature in December. It was concluded that effective control against the weeds increasing density of the pest should be performed and except for chemical control, alternative control methods and biological control must be conducted on Z.sohrab.


TENTATIVE TRANSGRESSIONS: HOMOSEXUALITY, AIDS, AND THE THEATER IN BRAZIL. By Severino J. Albuquerque. (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2003. Pp. xiii+255. $29.95 paper.) TEATRO DE CABARET: IMAGINARIOS DISIDENTES. By Gastón A. Alzate. (Irving, CA: Ediciones de Gestos, 2002. Pp. 160. $17.50 paper.) TEATRO CONTEMPORÁNEO JUDEOARGENTINO: UNA PERSPECTIVA FEMINISTA BÍBLICA. By Matilde Raquel Holte. (Buenos Aires: Ensayos, 2004. Pp. 212.) LATIN AMERICAN WOMEN ON/IN STAGES. By Margot Milleret. (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2004. Pp. x+263. $45.00 cloth.) HOLY TERRORS: LATIN AMERICAN WOMEN PERFORM. Edited by Diana Taylor and Roselyn Costantino. (Durham: Duke University Press, 2003. Pp. 464. $84.95 cloth, $23.95 paper.)


Pneumococcal virulence determinants have been extensively studied but molecular evidence on virulence gene expression pattern is still lacking. We undertook this study to analyze the regulation pattern of adherence-associated genes; psaA, pspC, cbpG, including ply of serotypes 1, 7F, 19F and 23F clinical isolates during the bacterial adherence to human lung epithelial cells (in vitro), by real-time PCR. We were able to harvest the bacterial RNA (0.5-1 microg microL(-1)) from the infected host cell and analysis showed a consistent upregulation of psaA. Differential expressions were observed for pspC, cbpG and ply genes but the former was mostly upregulated whereas the later two frequently showed either no significant change or a downregulation. Partial nucleotide sequences of psaA, cbpG and ply were highly homologous among the isolates as well as against GenBank sequences (99%) whereas those for pspC were similar (98%) to allelic variants pspC-3 and pspC-5.


This paper describes an interlingua for spoken language translation that is based on domain actions in the travel planning domain. Domain actions are composed of speech acts (e.g., request-information), attributes (e.g., size, price), and objects (e.g., hotel, flight) and can take arguments. Development of the interlingua is guided by a database containing travel dialogues in English, Korean, Japanese, and Italian. There are currently 423 domain actions that cover hotel reservation and transportation. The interlingua will soon be extended to cover tours, tourist attractions, and events. The interlingua is used by the C-STAR speech translation consortium for translating travel planning dialogues in six languages: English, Japanese, German, Korean, Italian, and French. The paper also addresses the role of the interlingua in Carnegie Mellon's J ANUS translation system.


Specifically, some politicians, political and veterans groups have supported five changes to the VA health care system that may look good on the surface but could actually harm veterans in the long term: limiting the VA's full-service health system to only a few "Centers of Excellence" focusing on things like post-traumatic stress disorder, burns and amputations; restricting the VA to treating only combat or service-related injuries; turning the VA health care system into merely an insurance company; letting the money follow the veteran using health care cards or vouchers; and privatizing the VA health care system.


This quantitative research investigated the perception of mathematical creativity and if there is a significant relationship to the epistemological mathematics beliefs of the nature and anxiety of mathematics. The study used three instruments to assess the research participants. The instruments included general assessment criteria, questionnaire on mathematics beliefs and mathematical creative ability. This empirical study used counterbalance study design with random sampling of elementary education teachers to help in answering the significant research questions. Repeated measures were taken to evaluate if there exists a significant relationship between variables. The study findings indicated that anxiety and beliefs correlated with mathematical creativity that employed both the pre-test and post-test mechanisms. According to this research study's results, mathematical anxiety and beliefs had a significant impact on divergent thoughts, alternative algorithms, problem posing and invented strategies.


Barium sulfate is an inert material used as a radiographic contrast medium during upper gastrointestinal contrast studies for evaluation of patients with dysphagia. Oral barium aspiration is an uncommon but wellreported complication of this procedure. While barium aspiration of small amounts may not cause any symptoms, massive barium aspiration can be life-threatening, particularly in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. In this case report, we describe an elderly patient with multiple comorbidities who presented with thyrotoxicosis and dysphagia, and then died after massive barium aspiration. Despite administration of intensive medical care with ventilator support and therapeutic bronchoalveolar lavage to remove the aspirated barium, the patient died of multiple organ failure 9 days after barium aspiration. Clinicians should pay attention to elderly patients with predisposing factors for aspiration in whom upper gastrointestinal barium contrast studies are indicated, and should consider other diagnostic tools for evaluation of dysphagia in this population.


The interference of two single photons impinging on a beam splitter is measured in a time-resolved manner. Using long photons of different frequencies emitted from an atom-cavity system, a quantum beat with a visibility close to 100% is observed in the correlation between the photodetections at the output ports of the beam splitter. The time dependence of the beat amplitude reflects the coherence properties of the photons. Most remarkably, simultaneous photodetections are never observed, so that a temporal filter allows one to obtain perfect two-photon coalescence even for nonperfect photons.


A new pumped system and design method of XeCl* laser is accomplished in order to be applied in the interaction between laser and material, material plasma study, and to prepare quartz film, semiconductor film, CMR film, optical etching, and other kinds of films. Not only does high power XeCl laser systems adopt ns discharge, spark gap, UV preionization, glow discharge, design of symmetrical electrode, but also electrode calculation, reducing circuit inductance, laser resonator design are finished. The characteristics of the XeCl excimer laser are measured and analyzed. The wavelength is 308 nm. The pulse width is 18 ns. The output energy of a pulse is 300 mJ. The maximal repetition frequency is 5 Hz. It is shown that, under real experimental conditions, the growth output power of the XeCl excimer laser depends on the gas pressure, a suitable composition of mixture gas is He:Xe:He = 0.1%:1%:98.9%, and the gain of higher discharged voltage situation. The velocity equation of the kinetic model is tested by comparison with experimental data. A new high-power excimer laser is obtained with high energy, simple structure, high pump intensity, large activate volume, and stable performance. The laser action pushing the matter into extreme non-equilibrium leads to material ejection from the target, produces ablation, spilling eclosion.


Coastal plant communities are being transformed or lost because of sea level rise (SLR) and land-use change. In conjunction with SLR, the Florida Everglades ecosystem has undergone large-scale drainage and restoration, altering coastal vegetation throughout south Florida. To understand how coastal plant communities are changing over time, accurate mapping techniques are needed that can define plant communities at a fine-enough resolution to detect fine-scale changes. We explored using bi-seasonal versus single-season WorldView-2 satellite data to map three mangrove and four adjacent plant communities, including the buttonwood/glycophyte community that harbors the federally-endangered plant Chromolaena frustrata. Bi-seasonal data were more effective than single-season to differentiate all communities of interest. Bi-seasonal data combined with Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) elevation data were used to map coastal plant communities of a coastal stretch within Everglades National Park (ENP). Overall map accuracy was 86%. Black and red mangroves were the dominant communities and covered 50% of the study site. All the remaining communities had ≤10% cover, including the buttonwood/glycophyte community. ENP harbors 21 rare coastal species threatened by SLR. The spatially explicit, quantitative data provided by our map provides a fine-scale baseline for monitoring future change in these species' habitats. Our results also offer a method to monitor vegetation change in other threatened habitats.


In a line of recent development, probabilistic constructions of universal, homo- geneous objects have been provided in various categories of ordered structures, such as causal sets (12) , biflnite domains (13) , and countable partial orders (10) . These constructions have been shown to produce objects with the desired properties with probability 1 in an appropriately deflned measure space. A common strategy for these constructions is successive point-wise extension of an existing flnite structure, with decisions on the relationships between the newly added point and the existing structure made according to well-specifled probabilistic choices. This strategy is a departure from (and understandably so due to the increased com- plexity) the original one for random graphs (16) where a universal homogeneous countable graph is constructed with probability 1 in a single step (i.e., a single round of countably many probabilistic choices made independently). It would be interesting to see which of the categories studied more recently may admit such \one-step" constructions. The main focus of this paper is a new strategy, consisting of a single round of countably many probabilistic choices made independently, for the construction of a universal, homogeneous prime event structure. The intuition that the one-round construction is desirable has a similar ∞avor to a more general setting in e.g. Calculus/Real Analysis. When taking limits, iterative step- by-step processes are usually given, but a set of machineries was invented to determine the limit, i.e., achieving a \one-round" direct and explicit description of the limit.


Development of thick film-based sensor using new material alternatives has not experienced significant progress, in pH sensor especially. One of the reasons is the lack of research in the field of electrochemical sensors in manufacturing pH with new materials. This research aims to develop the performance of thick film (microfabrication)-based pH sensor with spin coating method. The materials used in microfabrication included AgCl as a reference electrode, TiO 2 as working electrode and Al 2 O 3 as substrate. Sensor was fabricated using three designs with the electrode distance of 1.5, 1 and 0.5 mm. Experiment were carried out in room temperature with the observed parameters of voltage and current output of the pH sensor. These two parameters were used to calculate the sensitivity sensor. The results show that the electrode distance of 1.5, 1 and 0.5 mm revealed the sensitivity of −40.586 mV/pH, −45.229 mV/pH and −29.486 mV/pH respectively.


This study examines the opinion of adults in Gambela II neighborhood about the criminal behavior perpetrated by the Incivists. It sets itself for the objective, to detect the criminal behavior committed by the incivists, to propose a way of solution to circumvent and to improve this phenomenon, finally to incite the population to denounce these criminal behaviors in case of their identification. Our population is made up of 22321 subjects from which we extracted a sample of 45 individuals, located in the age group ranging from 16 to 45 years of which 25 men and 20 women all intellectuals; 36 are single and 9 are married. The psycho-social survey method and the descriptive method were used to obtain the information through three techniques: documentary, questionnaire and interview, analysis and interpretation of the data we arrived at the following results: all our investigations have already heard about crimes; these crimes are regular, they are often carried out at night, the lack of electricity, unemployment, poverty, the incompetence of the Congolese police are the causes of the crimes carried out in the Gambela II district, to suppress the crimes, he need to motivate the security staff and then improve the salary conditions.


Floating offshore wind turbine designs can be further optimized if the controller and remaining systems are designed together, known as control co-design. To effectively perform control co-design, modeling tools predicting the influence of the control systems on the response of a system must be validated. This article presents an experimental validation that utilizes a scale model of a semisubmersible platform for an offshore wind turbine that is fitted with adjustable tuned mass dampers. These dampers can be tuned to attenuate either the hull-pitch resonance or the tower-bending resonance. The data from the experiment are used to validate state-of-the-art modeling tools. It is shown that the models capture the overall effects of the tuned mass dampers; however, some models overpredict the reduction in platform pitch motion when the dampers are tuned to the pitch resonance. The relative reduction in the tower-base bending moment is more consistently captured by the models when the dampers are tuned to the tower-bending resonance. However, there are significant differences in the absolute level of tower-base bending moment between the models and the experiment. Much of the differences observed are a consequence of the challenge with accurately predicting the baseline platform resonance motion and the tower-bending moment, which should be addressed in future modeling efforts.


PURPOSE: Spinal curvature monitoring is essential in making treatment decisions in scoliosis. Monitoring entails radiographic examinations, however repeated ionizing radiation exposure has been shown to increase cancer risk. Ultrasound does not emit ionizing radiation and is safer for spinal curvature monitoring. We investigated a clinical sonography protocol and challenges associated with position-tracked ultrasound in spinal curvature measurement in scoliosis. METHODS: Transverse processes were landmarked along each vertebra using tracked ultrasound snapshots. The transverse process angle was used to determine the orientation of each vertebra. We tested our methodology on five patients in a local pediatric scoliosis clinic, comparing ultrasound to radiographic curvature measurements. RESULTS: Despite strong correlation between radiographic and ultrasound curvature angles in phantom studies, we encountered new challenges in the clinical setting. Our main challenge was differentiating transverse processes from ribs and other structures during landmarking. We observed up to 13° angle variability for a single vertebra and a 9.85° ± 10.81° difference between ultrasound and radiographic Cobb angles for thoracic curvatures. Additionally, we were unable to visualize anatomical landmarks in the lumbar region where soft tissue depth was 25–35mm. In volunteers with large Cobb angles (greater than 40° thoracic and 60° lumbar), we observed spinal protrusions resulting in incomplete probe-skin contact and partial ultrasound images not suitable for landmarking. CONCLUSION: Spinal curvature measurement using tracked ultrasound is viable on phantom spine models. In the clinic, new challenges were encountered which must be resolved before a universal sonography protocol can be developed.