To better understand the institutionalization process in Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) intervention and control schools, 199 key informant interviews were conducted with school food service staff, physical education teachers, classroom teachers, and administrators at the four CATCH-ON field centers. School personnel were asked to talk about the degree of CATCH program implementation, who at the school or school district was instrumental in promoting CATCH, and the conditions that facilitated or impeded the institutionalization of CATCH activities and philosophies. The CATCH Physical Education (PE) component appeared to have the highest level of institutionalization, and the CATCH classroom curriculum and family components appeared to have the lowest levels of institutionalization. The primary barriers expressed included the low priority for health promotion activities and time constraints of schools; lack of mechanisms for training of school staff; and lack of sufficient funds for materials, equipment, and lower fat vendor products.


Many of the presently oxidized Georgia kaolins probably existed originally in the reduced (gray) state. For that reason, the distribution of iron sulfides in presently gray kaolins may elucidate features observed in oxidized kaolins. An understanding of the nature of gray kaolins may also aid in the development of processing strategies for the exploitation of these abundant resources. The size, morphology, and degree of crystallite bonding of iron sulfides (pyrite and marcasite) in three gray kaolin cores from the Macon, Georgia kaolin district were examined by X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, and other physical and chemical methods. Pyrite and marcasite were identified as dominantly gravel- and sand-size equant crystals and crystal aggregates, rather than as framboids. Pyrite crystals commonly showed rough octahedral faces, which extended over minor cube faces. Locally, spiral growth dislocations were also observed. Marcasite was found in radiating, prismatic, and tabular crystals. In general, the marcasite crystal aggregates were much more fragile than those of pyrite. The dominance of octahedral crystal shapes and textures of the pyrite suggest inorganic precipitation from solutions supersaturated with respect to octahedral crystal faces.


Background: The analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is a useful tool to evaluate cardiac autonomic modulation, which is frequently impaired in chronic uremia. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate HRV in chronic uremics and to separately investigate the acute changes induced by volume depletion and solute removal during a hemodialysis session. Methods: Fourteen uremic patients (8 males and 6 females, aged 50 ± 15 years) on maintenance hemodialysis and 14 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were studied. Both groups underwent ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring to evaluate the HRV time and frequency domain indices. The hemodialysis session was performed by 1 h of high-rate isolated ultrafiltration followed by 3 h of bicarbonate diffusive procedure. Results: In uremic patients, the overall variability in the frequency [low-frequency power (LF): 505 ± 473, vs. 1,446 ± 654; high-frequency power (HF): 133 ± 162 vs. 512 ± 417; p < 0.001] and time domain indices (standard deviation of normal R-R intervals: 101.9 ± 33.3 vs. 181.7 ± 44.1 ms; p < 0.001) was markedly reduced compared to controls, whereas mean heart rate (83 ± 12.4 vs. 60.9 ± 8.8 bpm; p < 0.001) and LF/HF ratio (5.8 ± 3.5 vs. 2.2 ± 0.8; p < 0.001) were increased. Isolated ultrafiltration produced a marked further decrease in HRV indices, but the subsequent diffusive hemodialysis procedure, with a low ultrafiltration rate, made HRV increase again. Conclusions: Chronic uremics showed abnormal autonomic modulation with sympathetic-vagal imbalance. The unbalanced hypersympathetic response to body fluid depletion is related to the ultrafiltration rate. Low interdialytic weight gain and a low ultrafiltration rate, associated with adequate hemodialysis, should be the preferable strategy for uremic patients with autonomic dysfunction.


The series of FAT* events aim at bringing together researchers and practitioners interested in fairness, accountability, and transparency of computational methods. The FAT/MM workshop focuses on addressing these issues in the Multimedia field. Multimedia computing technologies operate today at an unprecedented scale, with a growing community of scientists interested in multimedia models, tools and applications. Such continued growth has great implications not only for the scientific community, but also for the society as a whole. Typical risks of large-scale computational models include model bias and algorithmic discrimination. These risks become particularly prominent in the multimedia field, which historically has been focusing on user-centered technologies. To ensure a healthy and constructive development of the best multimedia technologies, this workshop offers a space to discuss how to develop fair, unbiased, representative, and transparent multimedia models, bringing together researchers from different areas to present computational solutions to these issues.


A general formula for the dependence of the electron capture probability on scattering angle in fast collisions is derived using the semiclassical zero impact parameter approximation. We apply the impulse approximation (SCIA) to perform numerical calculations of the capture probability from the K and L shell of Ne and Ar targets by protons and give a comparison with recent experiments.


We studied the effects of hyperventilation and starvation on rat lung mechanics and surfactant. We hyperventilated lungs by excising and ventilating them at 3 times the normal tidal volume. Three days starvation reduced the alveolar pool of disaturated phosphatidyl choline by about 20% but did not significantly reduce the functional residual capacity. Air and saline deflation pressure-volume curves were performed in 4 groups: control lungs, lungs from starved rats, hyperventilated lungs, and hyperventilated lungs from starved rats. The area under each curve was calculated; this indicated the relative position of the curve in the pressure-volume diagram. We found that starvation did not change recoil, that hyperventilation increased surface recoil, and that combined starvation and hyperventilation increased it even more. We conclude that hyperventilation-induced dysfunction of surfactant is greater when the alveolar pool of surfactant is reduced by starvation. This effect might also occur clinically in the intensive care setting.


A prospective, randomized, double blind and placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effectiveness of periprostatic infiltration with lidocaine to reduce pain of prostatic biopsy. In a thirteen months period of time, 115 patients were randomized to receive 10 ml of lidocaine 1% (n=60) or saline (n=55). Evaluating the pain with visual analogue scale (0-10), the first group referred average pain of 3.83 and the second group of 6.87, being this difference clearly significant (p<0.005). There were not complications from anesthesic puncture. The periprostatic infiltration is easy to perform without complications and it is effective in reducing the pain of this procedure. It should be used as a routine procedure in prostatic biopsy.


Programmed cell death widely but heterogeneously affects the developing brain, causing the loss of up to 50% of neurons in rodents. However, whether this heterogeneity originates from neuronal identity and/or network-dependent processes is unknown. Here, we report that the primary motor cortex (M1) and primary somatosensory cortex (S1), two adjacent but functionally distinct areas, display striking differences in density of apoptotic neurons during the early postnatal period. These differences in rate of apoptosis negatively correlate with region-dependent levels of activity. Disrupting this activity either pharmacologically or by electrical stimulation alters the spatial pattern of apoptosis and sensory deprivation leads to exacerbated amounts of apoptotic neurons in the corresponding functional area of the neocortex. Thus, our data demonstrate that spontaneous and periphery-driven activity patterns are important for the structural and functional maturation of the neocortex by refining the final number of cortical neurons in a region-dependent manner.


Introduction While numerous publications have demonstrated the correlation of poor single-leg balance and core motor control with an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in skeletally mature female athletes, few have analysed the preadolescent population regarding when indeed comparative deficits in balance and core control actually occur. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the neuromotor factors that place mature females at increased risk of ACL injury actually are present in preadolescents and if so when. Methods This study used simplified modifications of classic drop-jump testing as well as single-leg balance tests performed on stable and unstable surfaces to assess balance and core motor control. 84 children (males and females) ranging in age from 6 to 13 years were divided into 4 equally sized groups based on their academic classes. Each group was compared with each other, and compared with a cohort of 205 collegiate athletes. The latter served as a comparative norm of mature athletes who had performed the same or similar testing. Results Outcomes revealed that the preadolescent population performed poorly on the tests when compared with the collegiate population but the children matured with age until the eldest subgroups compared more favourably with the college-aged athletes. Girls appear to mature at a slightly earlier pace than boys. This study focusing on preadolescent children concluded that the neuromuscular changes that place females at greater risk of injury do not appear to occur prior to adolescence. Conclusions Based on the outcomes of this study, it is suggested that sex differences regarding balance and core control deficits that can increase risk of ACL injuries likely occur after grade school (age 12–13).


At present (year 2023), approximately 2,500 satellites are currently orbiting the Earth. This number is expected to reach 50,000 satellites (that is, 20 times growth) for the next 10 years, thanks to the recent advances concerning launching satellites at low cost and with high probability of success. In this sense, it is expected that next years the world will witness a massive increase in mobile connectivity thanks to the combination of 5G deployments and satellites, building the so-called Space-Terrestrial Integrated Network (STIN), thanks to the emergence of Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs). This document overviews the foundations of satellite communications as a short tutorial for those interested in research and development on Space-Terrestrial Integrated Networks (STIN) and Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) for supporting 5G in remote areas.


Motivated by recent experiments exploring the spin-orbit-coupled magnetism in $4d$- and $5d$-band transition metal oxides, we study magnetic interactions in Ir- and Rh-based compounds. In these systems, the comparable strength of spin-orbit coupling (SOC), crystal field splitting (CF) and Coulomb and Hund's coupling leads to a rich variety of magnetic exchange interactions, leading to new types of ground states. Using a strong coupling approach, we derive effective low-energy super-exchange Hamiltonians from the multi-orbital Hubbard model by taking full account of the Coulomb and Hund's interactions in the intermediate states. We find that in the presence of strong SOC and lattice distortions the super-exchange Hamiltonian contains various kinds of magnetic anisotropies.
Here we are primarily interested in the magnetic properties of Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ and Sr$_2$Ir$_{1-x}$Rh$_x$O$_4$ compounds. We perform a systematic study of how magnetic interactions in these systems depend on the microscopic parameters and provide a thorough analysis of the resulting magnetic phase diagram. Comparison of our results with experimental data shows good agreement. Finally, we discuss the parameter space in which the spin-flop transition in Sr$_2$IrO$_4$, experimentally observed under pressure, can be realized.


Data in the form of ranking lists are frequently encountered, and combining ranking results from different sources can potentially generate a better ranking list and help understand behaviors of the rankers. Of interest here are the rank data under the following settings: (i) covariate information available for the ranked entities; (ii) rankers of varying qualities or having different opinions; and (iii) incomplete ranking lists for non-overlapping subgroups. We review some key ideas built around the Thurstone model family by researchers in the past few decades and provide a unifying approach for Bayesian Analysis of Rank data with Covariates (BARC) and its extensions in handling heterogeneous rankers. With this Bayesian framework, we can study rankers' varying quality, cluster rankers' heterogeneous opinions, and measure the corresponding uncertainties. To enable an efficient Bayesian inference, we advocate a parameter-expanded Gibbs sampler to sample from the target posterior distribution. The posterior samples also result in a Bayesian aggregated ranking list, with credible intervals quantifying its uncertainty. We investigate and compare performances of the proposed methods and other rank aggregation methods in both simulation studies and two real-data examples.


Data on the interpretation of the IR and Raman spectra based on normal coordinate analysis, on the force constants and on the conformations of the molecules of trivalent tricoordinate phosphorus compounds are summarised. The existing correlations between the spectra and molecular structures are refined and some new correlations are proposed. The bibliography includes 171 references.


The chemical and bioactivity resources at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) are coordinated as part of the PubChem Project with data accessible as part of the PubChem Compound and Substance databases and PubChem BioAssay database, respectively. Currently the PubChem set of resources provides access to information about over 36 million chemical compounds and experimental studies with results for over 700 thousand biological activity assays.


INTRODUCTION
Patients with headache and medication abuse (HMA) are difficult to treat, have a greater tendency towards chronification and a poorer quality of life than those with other types of headache. AIM. To evaluate the indicators showing that these patients are responding to ambulatory treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
From a series of patients with migraine, we selected those who satisfied HMA criteria according to the appendix of the 2006 International Classification of the Headache Disease (ICHD-2) and who had never previously undergone treatment. As outpatients, they were advised to stop taking the drug that they were abusing. The treatment of their seizures was adjusted with the most efficient drugs and preventive treatment was started from the outset with topiramate or flunarizine. Patients were grouped according to whether they continued with HMA or not. Comparisons were made between the number of days with headache during the previous month and after four months of treatment and the persistence of abuse.

RESULTS
HMA criteria were met by 178 patients (mean age 40.9; 88.7% females). Results showed that 68.5% (122 patients) responded and no longer met HMA criteria after treatment. The treatment used for their seizures (triptans, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, analgesics) and preventive treatment (topiramate or flunarizine) were similar in both groups. The average number of days with headache prior to treatment was 18.52 in the group that responded and 20.87 (p = 0.0263) in the group that did not respond to treatment. In the group of responders 7.3% dropped out of preventive treatment compared with 35% (p = 0.0001) in the group of non-responders.

CONCLUSIONS
A higher number of days with headache during the previous month and withdrawing from preventive treatment were indicators of a bad progression.


The oxidation behaviour in carbon dioxide at 1123 K and a pressure of approximatey 0.1 MPa of a sample of 20% (by mass) Cr, 25% (by mass) Ni, Nb-stabilized steel (the standard steel) coated with ceria has been investigated by means of chargedparticle nuclear techniques and conventional methods. The nuclear techniques were used to study the growth mechanism, thickness and surface composition of the oxide. The scale consisted of an outer spinel layer and an inner layer of Cr2O3. It is not known if there was a silicon-rich layer at the oxide—metal interface because the oxide was adherent. The growth-mechanism of the oxide was studied with 18O as a tracer and was found to grow primarily by oxygen diffusion, although there was indirect evidence for some cation diffusion. The growth-mechanism of the oxide is quite different from that on the standard steel without the ceria, and it is suggested that this is because ceria segregates to dislocations and grain-boundaries in the oxide. In the light of the results for the standard steel it is not clear if cerium reduces the cation diffusion and increases the oxygen diffusion, or merely reduces the cation diffusion.


Fitting percolation into the conformal field theory framework requires showing that connection probabilities have a conformally invariant scaling limit. For critical site percolation on the triangular lattice, we prove that the probability that n vertices belong to the same open cluster has a well‐defined scaling limit for every . Moreover, the limiting functions transform covariantly under Möbius transformations of the plane as well as under local conformal maps, that is, they behave like correlation functions of primary operators in conformal field theory. In particular, they are invariant under translations, rotations and inversions, and for any . This implies that and , for some constants C2 and C3.We also define a site‐diluted spin model whose n‐point correlation functions Cn can be expressed in terms of percolation connection probabilities and, as a consequence, have a well‐defined scaling limit with the same properties as the functions . In particular, . We prove that the magnetization field associated with this spin model has a well‐defined scaling limit in an appropriate space of distributions. The limiting field transforms covariantly under Möbius transformations with exponent (scaling dimension) 5/48. A heuristic analysis of the four‐point function of the magnetization field suggests the presence of an additional conformal field of scaling dimension 5/4, which counts the number of percolation four‐arm events and can be identified with the so‐called "four‐leg operator" of conformal field theory.


In this study, we are aiming at deciphering the physiological and molecular mechanisms behind cyanobacterial IQ system i.e. the putative signalling component proteins [1] in Mastigocladus laminosus using a reverse genetics approach. Polymorphic Mastigocladus laminosus belongs to one of the least studied but most evolved family of cyanobacteria, the Stigonemataceae. Its unique properties to withstand extreme environmental conditions and economic value make it a suitable candidate for genomics and transcriptomics studies. Whole genome sequencing of M. laminosus was carried out using Illumina Miseq. Good quality paired end and mate pair library data were assembled into a draft genome. Annotation showed that a major portion of genes are part of several critical pathways such as two component regulatory system, ABC transporters, etc. We set up pilot experiments for finding suitable time points for checking the fatty acid production differential in strains growing in nitrogen supplemented and nitrogen depleted media. In both the conditions, between 0th day and 12th day the fatty acid production difference was the maximum. Taking the cue from this, we performed the transcriptome experiment. Results show that among the differentially expressed genes, the signalling genes of two-component systems are the predominant class. Chemotaxis family two component hybrid kinases are found in a cluster within the genome. Also several other non-ribosomal peptide synthetases /polyketide synthetases classes were the second most predominant class showing a promise of becoming a source of novel secondary metabolite production. Several heat shock protein coding genes have been identified. Phosphate and molybdate ABC transporter expression were upregulated with respect to time but not affected from the presence or absence of nitrogen in media. Our future work will include characterizing the finer details of the significant genes through pathway analysis and exploring the metabolome. From preliminary analysis of the genome and transcriptome of M. laminosus, it is evident that cyanobacteria have evolved to sense unfavourable condition by their huge interactive network of regulatory components and survived by producing compounds that are mostly unexplored yet from the earliest period of this planet.


An ac-based capacitance transducer has been designed for use in electrical capacitance tomography systems. It has a high signal-to-noise ratio and good stray-immunity, compared with a charge/discharge transducer designed for the same purpose. However, the non-ideal characteristics of amplifiers and CMOS switches limit the performance of the ac-based transducer. This paper analyses the effects of the frequency-dependent gain of the amplifiers and the finite `on' resistance of the CMOS switches. It is shown that the non-ideal characteristics restrict the frequency response of the transducer by introducing extra poles, which depend not only on the parameters of the devices but also on the stray capacitance. Mathematical expressions quantifying these effects are presented.


Sarcopenia burdens the elderly population through loss of muscle energy and mass, yet treatments to functionally rescue both parameters are missing. The glucocorticoid prednisone remodels muscle metabolism based on frequency of intake, but its mechanisms in sarcopenia are unknown. We found that once-weekly intermittent prednisone rescued muscle quality in aged 24-month-old mice to levels comparable to young 4-month-old mice. We discovered an age- and sex-independent glucocorticoid receptor transactivation program in muscle encompassing PGC1alpha and its co-factor Lipin1. Treatment coordinately improved mitochondrial abundance through isoform 1 and muscle mass through isoform 4 of the myocyte-specific PGC1alpha, which was required for the treatment-driven increase in carbon shuttling from glucose oxidation to amino acid biogenesis. We also probed the myocyte-specific Lipin1 as non-redundant factor coaxing PGC1alpha upregulation to the stimulation of both oxidative and anabolic capacities. Our study unveils an aging-resistant druggable program in myocytes to coordinately rescue energy and mass in sarcopenia.


GAP-43 is a membrane phosphoprotein that is important for the development and plasticity of neural connections. In undifferentiated PC12 pheochromocytoma cells, GAP-43 mRNA degrades rapidly ( t = 5 h), but becomes stable when cells are treated with nerve growth factor. To identify trans- acting factors that may influence mRNA stability, we combined column chromatography and gel mobility shift assays to isolate GAP-43 mRNA binding proteins from neonatal bovine brain tissue. This resulted in the isolation of two proteins that bind specifically and competitively to a pyrimidine-rich sequence in the 3'-untranslated region of GAP-43 mRNA. Partial amino acid sequencing revealed that one of the RNA binding proteins coincides with FBP (far upstream element binding protein), previously characterized as a protein that resembles hnRNP K and which binds to a single-stranded, pyrimidine-rich DNA sequence upstream of the c -myc gene to activate its expression. The other binding protein shares sequence homology with PTB, a polypyrimidine tract binding protein implicated in RNA splicing and regulation of translation initiation. The two proteins bind to a 26 nt pyrimidine-rich sequence lying 300 nt downstream of the end of the coding region, in an area shown by others to confer instability on a reporter mRNA in transient transfection assays. We therefore propose that FBP and the PTB-like protein may compete for binding at the same site to influence the stability of GAP-43 mRNA.


Synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs), including dexamethasone (DEX), are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs. Long-term use of GCs, however, can result in metabolic side effects such as hyperglycemia, hepatosteatosis, and insulin resistance. The GC receptor (GR) and liver X receptors (LXRα and LXRβ) regulate overlapping genes involved in gluconeogenesis and inflammation. We have previously shown that Lxrβ-/- mice are resistant to the diabetogenic effects of DEX but still sensitive to its immunosuppressive actions. To determine whether this finding could be exploited for therapeutic intervention, we treated mice with GSK2033, a pan-LXR antagonist, alone or combined with DEX. GSK2033 suppressed GC-induced gluconeogenic gene expression without affecting immune-responsive GR target genes. The suppressive effect of GSK2033 on DEX-induced gluconeogenic genes was specific to LXRβ, was liver cell autonomous, and occurred in a target gene-specific manner. Compared with DEX treatment alone, the coadministration of GSK2033 with DEX decreased the recruitment of GR and its accessory factors MED1 and C/EBPβ to the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase promoter. However, GSK2033 had no effect on DEX-mediated suppression of inflammatory genes expressed in the liver or in mouse primary macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharides. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that the gluconeogenic and immunosuppressive actions of GR activation can be mechanistically dissociated by pharmacological antagonism of LXRβ. Treatment with an LXRβ antagonist could allow the safer use of existing GC drugs in patients requiring chronic dosing of anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease.


Reports on the first‐ever nationwide quantitative survey of academic staff use of the Internet. After briefly noting reasons for adopting a mailed‐out survey, the article discusses some of the results obtained. These include daily use of e‐mail, access to the Internet via remote dial‐in services and technical support provided to academics. More than one‐third of respondents seem in need of more training in Net use and time limitations and lack of training are typical barriers to effective use. The study concludes with opportunities for further research at both national and international levels and discusses possible implications for university administrators. The full report of the study is published as Academics Online (Auslib Press, Adelaide, 1998). The research team also included Edna Sharpe of the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service.


We observe interference between the optical precursors and the main signal for small optical depth α0 L ∼ 1, in which the main signal cannot be entirely absorbed. Since the main signal oscillates at the carrier frequency of the input pulse and precursors oscillate at medium resonance frequency, in our case carrier frequency dependence of the total transmitted field is observed as a form of modulation patterns oscillating at the detuning frequency. To distinguish between the Sommerfeld and Brillouin precursors for the case of weakly dispersive off-resonance medium, we utilize asymptotic precursor theory under the assumption of small detuning.


In this document we describe work done under the SciDAC-1 Project National Computerational Infrastructure for Lattice Gauge Theory. The objective of this project was to construct the computational infrastructure needed to study quantim chromodynamics (QCD). Nearly all high energy and nuclear physicists in the United States working on the numerical study of QCD are involved in the project, as are Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab). A list of the serior participants is given in Appendix A.2. The project includes the development of community software for the effective use of the terascale computers, and the research and development of commodity clusters optimized for the study of QCD. The software developed as part of this effort is pubicly available, and is being widely used by physicists in the United States and abroad. The prototype clusters built with SciDAC-1 fund have been used to test the software, and are available to lattice guage theorists in the United States on a peer reviewed basis.


Abstract Background Gene expression plays a key intermediate role in linking molecular features at the DNA level and phenotype. However, owing to various limitations in experiments, the RNA-seq data are missing in many samples while there exist high-quality of DNA methylation data. Because DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification to regulate gene expression, it can be used to predict RNA-seq data. For this purpose, many methods have been developed. A common limitation of these methods is that they mainly focus on a single cancer dataset and do not fully utilize information from large pan-cancer datasets. Results Here, we have developed a novel method to impute missing gene expression data from DNA methylation data through a transfer learning–based neural network, namely, TDimpute. In the method, the pan-cancer dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was utilized for training a general model, which was then fine-tuned on the specific cancer dataset. By testing on 16 cancer datasets, we found that our method significantly outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in imputation accuracy with a 7–11% improvement under different missing rates. The imputed gene expression was further proved to be useful for downstream analyses, including the identification of both methylation–driving and prognosis-related genes, clustering analysis, and survival analysis on the TCGA dataset. More importantly, our method was indicated to be useful for general purposes by an independent test on the Wilms tumor dataset from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) project. Conclusions TDimpute is an effective method for RNA-seq imputation with limited training samples.


RANKL is a membrane-bound cytokine, which plays an important role in osteoclast differentiation and activation. We established a novel therapeutic approach against pathological bone resorption using RANKL vaccine. Administration of RANKL vaccine induced a rapid anti-RANKL antibody induction in mice, and efficiently suppressed bone destruction in arthritis model mice, and bone loss in ovariectomized mice.


Assessing the impact of the individual actions performed by soccer players during games is a crucial aspect of the player recruitment process. Unfortunately, most traditional metrics fall short in addressing this task as they either focus on rare actions like shots and goals alone or fail to account for the context in which the actions occurred. This paper introduces (1) a new language for describing individual player actions on the pitch and (2) a framework for valuing any type of player action based on its impact on the game outcome while accounting for the context in which the action happened. By aggregating soccer players' action values, their total offensive and defensive contributions to their team can be quantified. We show how our approach considers relevant contextual information that traditional player evaluation metrics ignore and present a number of use cases related to scouting and playing style characterization in the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 seasons in Europe's top competitions.


ABSTRACT In the context of predicting future claims, a fully Bayesian analysis – one that specifies a statistical model, prior distribution, and updates using Bayes's formula – is often viewed as the gold-standard, while Bühlmann's credibility estimator serves as a simple approximation. But those desirable properties that give the Bayesian solution its elevated status depend critically on the posited model being correctly specified. Here we investigate the asymptotic behavior of Bayesian posterior distributions under a misspecified model, and our conclusion is that misspecification bias generally has damaging effects that can lead to inaccurate inference and prediction. The credibility estimator, on the other hand, is not sensitive at all to model misspecification, giving it an advantage over the Bayesian solution in those practically relevant cases where the model is uncertain. This begs the question: does robustness to model misspecification require that we abandon uncertainty quantification based on a posterior distribution? Our answer to this question is No, and we offer an alternative Gibbs posterior construction. Furthermore, we argue that this Gibbs perspective provides a new characterization of Bühlmann's credibility estimator.


The role of antimuscarinic action in gastric mucosal protection against necrotizing agents and the role of such mucosal protection in antiulcerogenic action were studied in rats with i.v. administered antimuscarinic agents. Pirenzepine, as well as PGE2, prevented the gastric mucosal lesions induced by all necrotizing agents (99.5% ethanol, 0.6 N HCI, 0.15 N NaOH, 0.4 N HCI-50 mM taurocholate), but atropine did not prevent the HCI-induced lesions. Cimetidine inhibited only the ethanol-induced lesions even at the antisecretory dose. Higher doses of pirenzepine (5-fold) and atropine (10-fold) were required to inhibit the gastric secretion in Shay rats than in vagally stimulated rats. There was no difference between the antisecretory doses of cimetidine in Shay rats and vagally stimulated rats. PGE2 (0.03-0.1 mg/kg) did not affect gastric secretion. The protective doses of pirenzepine and atropine against mucosal lesions induced by necrotizing agents were similar to the dose in inhibiting vagally stimulated acid secretion and water-immersion stress-induced lesions. PGE2 (100 micrograms/kg) did not prevent the water-immersion stress induced gastric lesions. These results suggested that antimuscarinic agents protect the gastric mucosa from necrotizing agents via a blocking action on the activation of the intrinsic cholinergic nerve. However, antiulcerogenic action is more deeply concerned with antisecretory action than cytoprotection.


The average farm size has more than doubled within the United States over the last three decades, transforming the agricultural industry and rural farming communities. It is unclear, however, how this ubiquitous trend has affected and is affected by the environment, particularly groundwater resources critical for food production. Here, we leverage a unique multi-decadal dataset of well-level groundwater withdrawals for crop irrigation over the Kansas High Plains Aquifer to determine the interactions between groundwater depletion and growing farms. Holding key technological, management, and environmental variables fixed, we show that doubling a farm's irrigated cropland decreases groundwater extractions by 2%–5% depending on the initial farm size. However, a corresponding shift by larger farms to different irrigation technologies offsets this reduction in groundwater use, leading to a slight increase in overall groundwater use. We find groundwater depletion increases the likelihood farmland is sold to a larger farm, amplifying the cycle of groundwater depletion and the consolidation of farmland.


Low acoustic loss suspension systems are essential components in low thermal noise instruments including gravitational wave detectors. Monolithic fused silica suspensions have been used successfully with fused silica test masses but may not be suitable in next generation detectors that may use sapphire or silicon test masses. Here we report a study of a modular suspension system with high replaceability. The system is based on high pressure gravitationally attached mechanical contacts which have been previously shown to contribute low acoustic losses to sapphire resonators. Here we combine high pressure contacts with cantilevers and fibres to create sets of four suspension modules which are shown to have low loss contributions to fused silica test masses in a 74-m high-finesse optical cavity. Results are combined with finite element simulations to estimate the strain energy distributions of the eigenmodes. By combining the simulations and measurement results, the test mass loss angle due to the coupling to the suspension system was estimated. The modular suspension system is shown to contribute <10% to the total test mass acoustic loss. Such suspension systems could have applications for test masses or subsystems in next generation gravitational wave detectors.


Neural architectures can be naturally viewed as computational graphs. Motivated by this perspective, we, in this paper, study neural architecture search (NAS) through the lens of learning random graph models. In contrast to existing NAS methods which largely focus on searching for a single best architecture, i.e, point estimation, we propose GraphPNAS a deep graph generative model that learns a distribution of well-performing architectures. Relying on graph neural networks (GNNs), our GraphPNAS can better capture topologies of good neural architectures and relations between operators therein. Moreover, our graph generator leads to a learnable probabilistic search method that is more flexible and efficient than the commonly used RNN generator and random search methods. Finally, we learn our generator via an efficient reinforcement learning formulation for NAS. To assess the effectiveness of our GraphPNAS, we conduct extensive experiments on three search spaces, including the challenging RandWire on TinyImageNet, ENAS on CIFAR10, and NAS-Bench-101/201. The complexity of RandWire is significantly larger than other search spaces in the literature. We show that our proposed graph generator consistently outperforms RNN-based one and achieves better or comparable performances than state-of-the-art NAS methods.


Social policies reflect cultural values. Because of their frontier heritage, the U.S. South and West were hypothesized to have cultures favoring violence for self-protection. Predictions were confirmed for laws relating to guns, defense of self and home, and foreign policy. In addition, the legacy of slavery should make the South more accepting of violence used for coercion and punishment. Predictions were confirmed for laws relating to spousal abuse, corporal punishment, capital punishment, and foreign policy. The slave South and nonslave South differed from each other only on issues relating to coercion and punishment, further implicating slavery as a source of this ideology. It also was found that although the West and nonslave South might symbolically approve of violence, they rarely administer it. At a collective level, this resembles a) the distinction between symbolic and instrumental attitudes and b) the gap between expressed attitudes and actual behavior.


This paper reviews some of the conditions for electron MHD, and shows how this leads to anomalous resistivity, which plays an important role in the behaviour of plasma opening switches (POS are switches, based on the modification of the global resistance of a plasma flow, used to shorten the characteristic time of pulse power machines and increase their performances). Anomalous resistivity is build up from a transfer of momentum between the electrons and ion acoustic waves, which in turn modify the momentum of ions. One of the main consequences of EMHD is the diffusion of B in the plasma. A rough model envisions this diffusion as a propagation of nonlinear waves that may compete with convective transport.


Article history: Received: 04 July 2020 Accepted: 15 January 2021 In the current experimental work, the simultaneous effect of fineness modulus, water-to-cementitious materials [W/(C+M)], and also micro silica content were investigated on workability, mechanical and physical properties of high strength concrete. For this purpose, 45 mix-designs were made by selecting five different ratios of micro-silica, three W/(C+M) ratios, and three distributions of particle size and then the slump, compressive strength, elastic modulus, and split tensile strength of each designed concrete mixture were determined. Findings showed that increasing the micro-silica content up to 10 wt% improves the mechanical properties of concrete and then leads to a reduction in strength parameters, so that the effect of changes in the micro-silica content on mechanical parameters of concrete becomes more prominent with increasing and decreasing the fineness modulus of aggregate and W/(C+M) ratio, respectively. It was also observed that increasing the micro-silica content leads to reducing the slump and unit weight of concrete so that this reduction is more noticeable in the low fineness modulus of aggregate and water-cement ratio.


We have utilized integrated genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic profiling to perform comprehensive molecular characterization of 150 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PAAD) specimens. PAAD demonstrates a characteristic biology notable for low neoplastic cellularity and prominent fibrotic stroma. Prior genome sequencing studies have focused on tumors with high neoplastic cellularity or have used physical techniques to enrich for tumor cell purity. Consequently, tumors with low neoplastic cellularity have been significantly underrepresented in existing genome sequencing efforts, even though they represent the majority of surgically resected PAAD samples. In a collaborative effort through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) network, we comprehensively analyzed 150 clinically annotated pancreatic cancers with a minimum of 1% neoplastic cellularity. We evaluated somatic DNA mutation and copy number alterations, mRNA and miRNA sequencing, and promoter methylation in all samples as well as proteomic profiles in a subset of tumors. We have overcome technical challenges of low neoplastic cellularity in primary tumors through deep whole exome and targeted gene panel sequencing to identify high-confidence somatic mutations in all samples, including 20 samples with less than 15% cellularity as assessed by ABSOLUTE. We observe recurrent somatic mutations in genes previously reported to be common in PAAD, including KRAS, TP53, SMAD4, and CDKN2A. We have observed copy number alterations in loci harboring the MYC, AKT2, and KRAS oncogenes and the CDKN2A tumor suppressor gene, among others. Moreover, we demonstrate two distinct classes of KRAS wild-type tumors based on the presence or absence of a RAS pathway genomic alteration. While low neoplastic cellularity was addressed through increased coverage with exome sequencing, other platforms were heavily influenced by purity, including mRNA, miRNA, RPPA and methylation. We find that, in our data, previously defined expression subtypes based on NMF-consensus clustering are highly confounded by purity, whereas recently published tumor-specific subtypes are purity-independent. Furthermore, we find that naive approaches to defining molecular subtypes across each of our platforms resulted in defining groups of samples which were confounded with purity. Therefore, we divided our dataset by the median ABSOLUTE tumor purity, creating both a high- and low-purity classifications, and employed a two-stage approach to classifying the data. We first performed unsupervised clustering on higher-purity tumors and derived molecular classifiers that are more likely to reflect tumor cell biology, rather than that of the admixed stromal, immune and normal pancreas cells. We then projected these classifiers onto the larger dataset including both the high- and low-purity samples. We found that by pre-defining these tumor-specific discriminatory features that we were able to help mitigate the tendency of low purity samples to form their own groups, and instead define subtypes of disease which were not statistically significantly associated with tumor purity. Thus, we have used quantitative purity information to create and interpret methylation, copy number, mRNA and miRNA expression signatures as well as reverse phase protein array-based proteomic profiles which also have prognostic significance in an multivariate model. Finally, we observe multiple instances of predicted and observed methylation and miRNA regulation of RNA which help describe subtypes of disease. In summary, we have used our data, including miRNA and protein expression, to expand and help understand previous genomic and transcriptomic descriptions of PAAD. These data describe the molecular landscape of pancreatic cancer and may serve as a roadmap for future study of this disease. Citation Format: Richard A. Moffitt, on behalf of the Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network.{Authors}. Integrated genomic characterization of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and the confounding role of purity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2016 May 12-15; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(24 Suppl):Abstract nr B21.


In this paper, a Primitive-Based Semantic Description method is proposed by abstracting traffic moving objects' attributes and behavior. The definition, syntax and compiling of this script language on traffic moving objects are discussed. In addition, the method has been successfully applied in the traffic simulator by the behavior and state control of traffic moving objects. The expansibility and maintainability of models build by this way is better than which built by traditional procedure-based or object-oriented methods.


There is growing consensus that biodiversity losses resulting from global change profoundly affects ecosystem services and human welfare. However, biodiversity and ecosystem processes are commonly monitored independently and on spatiotemporal scales inadequate to inform decision-making. The high Andean ecosystems of Colombia, extending from high Andean forests and páramos to glacier ice caps, form dynamic landscapes because of the interaction of climate and land use change in a complex socioeconomic and political context, including new demographic dynamics and policies associated with the peace process and strict regulations for economic activities in the páramos. Moreover, they are part of a global biodiversity hotspot and provide key ecosystem services, including substantial carbon accumulation and water regulation and provision for large rural and urban populations. There is substantial experience in environmental monitoring of Colombia's high mountain ecosystems, including programs addressing biodiversity, carbon stocks, hydrology, glaciers, and land use dynamics. However, a conceptual and institutional framework for integrating these diverse initiatives is required. Here, we present a proposal to promote integrated monitoring of biodiversity and ecosystem services in high mountain ecosystems in Colombia as a contribution to consolidating a national ecosystem monitoring program. We describe the methodology used to design this integrated strategy based on an extensive process of consultation with monitoring experts in the region. Then, we review the state of the art of environmental monitoring in the Colombian High Andes. Based on the experience accumulated, we propose a multiscale conceptual framework for analyzing drivers of change and response variables from the local to the national scale, emphasizing the importance of monitoring along altitudinal, land use, and ecosystem restoration gradients. Finally, we describe the expected outcomes and possible institutional arrangements for the strategy, as well as some key next steps for promoting its implementation.


Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is one of the major complications following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, recent study suggested that the presence of cGVHD might reduce the risk of relapse in Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after allo-HSCT. GVHD is mediated by proliferation of special T-cell clones, we analyzed the T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ repertoire and cloanlity in Ph+ ALL patients undergone cGVHD after allo-HSCT in order to find the special T-cell clones associated with continuous remission.

Allogeneic transplantations were performed in the first complete remission (CR) (6 ALLP190+ patients). The numbers of BCR-ABL copies in peripheral blood samples were assessed with the real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RQ-PCR) test at diagnosis, and every month after HSCT. The quantity of BCR-ABL transcript was normalized for normal ABL expression and the result was expressed as the ratio of BCR-ABL copies to ABL copies. With monitoring BCR-ABL copies of 6 BCR-ABLP190+ ALL patients after HSCT (the mean ratio of BCR-ABLP190/ABL at diagnose was 0.41 ± 0.39%), we found that 4 patients with extensive cutancous cGVHD had no evidence of leukemia recurrence, and the BCRABL transcripts of patients with cGVHD were remaining 0 copy, while 2 patients without cGVHD relapsed (the mean ratio of BCR-ABLP190/ABL was 7.56 ± 2.49%) and even dead within six months of HSCT.

The expression and cloanlity analysis of TCR Vβ repertoire was detected in peripheral blood samples from patients with cGVHD by RT-PCR and genescan technique. TCR Vβ repertoires with polyclonal pattern were identified in normal controls and donor groups. However, the skew expression pattern of TCR Vβ repertoire could be detected in patients with cGVHD even more than 1 year after allo-HSCT. Among the 24 Vβ subfamilies, there were only 11~17 Vβ subfamilies expressed in cGVHD patients. Oligoclonal or monoclonal expanded T cells were identified in TCR Vβ 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 12, 14, 16~20, 22 and 23 subfamilies in 4 ALL patients (BCR-ABLP190 remission) with cGVHD. As a contrast, oligoclonal or monoclonal expanded T cells were identified in TCR Vβ 2, 7, 8, 14, 17, 20, and 22 subfamilies in 2 chronic myeloid leukemia patients (BCR-ABLP210 remission) with cGVHD.

In conclusion, the predominant usage and clonal expansion of TCR Vβ subfamily T cells could be found in Ph+ ALL patients with cGVHD and these groups of specific T-cell clones (Vβ 1, 3, 12, 16, 18, 19 and 23) were potentially associated with cGVHD in ALL and might be responsible for maintaining CR in Ph+ ALL patients after allo-HSCT. Research Funding.


In this manuscript, we study the problem of detecting coordinated free text campaigns in large-scale social media. These campaigns—ranging from coordinated spam messages to promotional and advertising campaigns to political astro-turfing—are growing in significance and reach with the commensurate rise in massive-scale social systems. Specifically, we propose and evaluate a content-driven framework for effectively linking free text posts with common "talking points" and extracting campaigns from large-scale social media. Three of the salient features of the campaign extraction framework are: (i) first, we investigate graph mining techniques for isolating coherent campaigns from large message-based graphs; (ii) second, we conduct a comprehensive comparative study of text-based message correlation in message and user levels; and (iii) finally, we analyze temporal behaviors of various campaign types. Through an experimental study over millions of Twitter messages we identify five major types of campaigns—namely Spam, Promotion, Template, News, and Celebrity campaigns—and we show how these campaigns may be extracted with high precision and recall.


Purpose: To measure the absorbed doses of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), which is recently being more frequently used, and to compare them with those of panoramic radiography. Materials and Methods: To measure the absorbed doses of CBCT (, Asahi Roentgen Ind. Co., Japan), we placed TLD chips on the skin regions above the parotid and thyroid glands, and on the dorsum of tongue in a dental head phantom. We used two image acquisition modes of the Dental and Panoramic modes of CBCT, which differed in the field of view. Also, panoramic radiographs (Auto IIIN, Asahi Roentgen Ind. Co., Japan) were taken to compare with the absorbed doses of CBCT. Result: In the Dental mode of CBCT, the absorbed doses of the parotid gland, dorsum of tongue, and thyroid gland were 3.53, 3.13, and 0.36 mGy, respectively. In the Panoramic mode of CBCT, they were 9.57, 9.15, and 0.85 mGy, respectively. The panoramic mode showed higher absorbed doses than those of the Dental mode. In the panoramic radiography, the absorbed doses of the parotid gland, dorsum of tongue, and thyroid gland were 1.21, 1.19, and 0.16 mGy, respectively. And they were about 1/3 of the Dental mode and 1/9 of the Panoramic mode of CBCT. Conclusion: Absorbed doses of CBCT are higher than those of panoramic radiography, and dependent upon the field of view.


Background: With respect to environmental aspects of solid waste recyclable material and its economical importance in rural region, this study was performed in Kashan rural region. Materials and method: This experimental study was performed in warm, medium and cold climatic region of Kashan, where they had solid waste collection system. 36 samples were randomly collected yearly and its recycled components and economical values were measured. Results: Research was performed in 3 rural with 7200 population. As recyclable material in Kashan rural region household consisted of 9.7 percent of total solid waste material, this material valued 300 Rials per kilogram and estimated of its solid waste per month was 108.2 ton and its collection and sanitary landfill cost was 324600 Rials. Value of recyclable material was 3352 monthly and because of non collection and sanitary landfill 320000 was saved. Recyclable in household solid waste material had 3572 thousand Rials benefit monthly and it can repair some of rural solid waste collection cost. Conclusion: Rural solid waste can be recycled and sold. We recommend this survey in total area.


Abstract The properties of zonal flows in the toroidal ion temperature gradient mode turbulence are investigated taking into account the polarization drift effects. The stability criterion and the characteristic oscillation frequency of the zonal flow are determined in terms of the spectra of turbulent fluctuations. The nonlinear evolution of zonal flows may lead to the formation of stationary long-lived coherent structures supporting stationary shear layers. These results indicate the existence of regions with reduced levels of anomalous transport attributed to zonal flows generalizing previous findings regarding zonal flows in electron drift turbulence.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Positive ethics is a trending topic in sports. However, a gap exists when sexuality and gender issues are concerned. This study aimed to explore the concept of sexual integrity as an opportunity for the development of a positive ethics approach of sexuality and gender in sport contexts. Materials and methods: To obtain consensus on definition, operationalization, and competences, a Delphi study was conducted among 77 stakeholders divided into panels of youth coaches, physical education (PE) teachers, athletes, and PE students. Results: Consensus was reached on a definition and operationalization of sexual integrity in sport contexts, defining it as the conscious, respectful, and responsible handling of one's own and other people's body, opinions, relationships, and behaviour with regard to sexuality and gender, with the aim of contributing to the pleasure, development, resilience, and safety of (young) people in sports. Core competences for sexual integrity were highlighted, not only for coaches and PE teachers, but also for youngsters to develop. Discussion: This study presents a definition, an operationalization, and a number of competences for sexual integrity. With these, an essential connection with a positive ethical climate is proposed for the benefit of coaches, PE teachers, and youngsters as actors. The operationalization and concrete list of competences will aid the development of future prevention policies regarding sexual and gender-based violence, with an important opportunity for programme designers and policy makers to optimize training programmes. Further research is required to include sport federations' perspectives and to develop and implement programmes addressing sexual integrity for the benefit of coaches, PE teachers, and youngsters.


The lubrication equations involving surface fractal characteristics have been established by introducing surface fractal dimension D in the conventional lubrication equations, based on an analysis of the relationship between the surface roughness and the fractal characteristics of the material. Thus the variations of the pressure flow factor and shear flow factor determined the present equations with the surface fractal dimension D are theoretically investigated and compared with that based on the conventional lubrication equations. The disadvantages of the conventional lubrication equations describing the pressure flow factor and the shear flow factor are analyzed. The surface fractal parameters of SAE52100 steel were measured with a Talor 6 profilemeter. By analyzing the relationship between the surface roughness and the fractal characteristics, the obtained fractal dimensions are introduced into the expressions of the pressure flow factor and the shear flow factor. Thus, the lubrication equations involving surface fractal characteristics are obtained. In the process of analysis of the relationship between the above factors and D, for simplification, one relatively moving surface is assumed to be absolute flat and the oil film thickness is assumed to be 1 mm. The calculation results reveal that at a fixed fractal dimension D, both the pressure flow factor and shear flow factor increase with increasing length to width ratio of a representative asperity. They experience more irregular and significant variation and show local maximum and minimum values of higher resolution with increasing D, as compared with the variations with oil film thickness to roughness ratio. The present results may be referenced to reasonably selecting of lubricated surfaces.


Recent developments in drug discovery have highlighted the ability of hydroxamic acids to form complexes with various metal ions, in particular iron, zinc, magnesium and calcium, and this imparts them with a number of unique biological and pharmacological properties. This review provides information on the most significant developments of the hydroxamate compounds in the medicinal area with a focus on Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and its derivatives with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, antitubercular and anticancer effect and their possible molecular mechanisms. One of the latest favorable developments has been on developing SAHA and its hybrids as potent anti-tuberculosis drugs. Moreover, the combination of the hydroxamic acids with other pharmacophore groups in one molecule can lead to the creation of a huge number of new compounds with promising properties as a multifunctional drug. Also, within the last decade, active research has focused to create these compounds into a class of new antiviral drugs designed to treat influenza, hepatitis C, and other viral infections. Thus, both linear hydroxamic acids and cyclic acids having the uniqueness of the set of bioactive properties, have been compiled here and could be looked forward as the basis for the development of effective drugs and forpilot scale productions through nitrile and amides via chemical and biological transformations using amidase and acyltransferase enzymes. Such synthesis of medicinally significant compounds from amide containing waste derived feedstocks using microbial agents is also a key factor for stimulating bioeconomy.


Insertion of cylindrical parts to be automatically assembled with clearance, while bush is based immobile and the peg is based mobile, is analysed in the paper. Mathematical model of cylindrical parts insertion, which determines peg contact with the chamfer of the bush, peg one point and two point contact with the bush hole, was formed. Numerical experiments of insertion of cylindrical parts to be assembled with clearance were implemented. Conditions for the shortest duration of insertion process and for the most reliable insertion process were deter-mined.


The article is an attempt to retrace some sources of individualism, first of all in the philosophy of mind. Individualism here constitutes an endeavor to separate human mind from the world. The necessity of tracking the genesis of individualism is due to the fact that individualism appears to many as intuitively obvious. However, this apparent evidence results from our historical tradition or, rather, from some of its components. This individualistic component of the western tradition stems to a great extent from the Calvinist ideology. The idea of predestination in Calvin's theology was far from belonging to the pure order of thought: in fact it indelibly marked the whole of social practices in Calvinist and in particular puritan societies. This idea, according to Max Weber, Louis Dumont and Charles Taylor, largely contributed to the making of modern individualism. This range of individualist ideas and practices received much impetus in the philosophy of John Locke. On the one hand, Locke's philosophy as well as that of Descartes contains some potentiality different from the individualist one. On the other hand, Descartes and Locke lay the foundations of the representational view on mind, which severs the ties and bonds that exist between man and the world. The subject becomes an individual, enclosed in the micro-world of its own representations. This individualization in philosophy goes in pair with social individualization. The latter form of individualization is reflected in a literary form in the famous «Robinson Crusoe» by Defoe. In its turn, Leibniz's Monadology is a manifesto of philosophical individualism. On the whole, this individualist tendency of Modernity still continues to guide our understanding and selfunderstanding, often without our knowing it. If one wants to formulate a different, non-individualist metaphysics, one needs to seek inspiration in the non-individualist part of the tradition of Modernity.


We have investigated the modulation of satiety in chronic experiments by stretching (different intensity and duration) stomach and duodenum with elastic intragastric balloon, filled with warm water on polifistuled (esophagus, gaster, duodenum) dogs. Estimation of periodical gastric motor activity was done by multiple determination of glucose concentration level in blood flow portions (blood tap method) towards and out of the brain, as well as liver. It appears that the signal conditioned by gastric stretching occurs to be the constant factor of formation and maintenance satiety condition for prolonged time.


abstract:Most scholarship on Milton's Paradise Lost takes Eve and Adam's sex and gender difference for granted. While critics highlight the queer potentialities of Miltonic matter, they often focus on the epic's angels and overlook Eve and Adam's corporeal, yet still vital, materiality. This article turns its attention to the queer and trans possibilities in the first created humans. Bringing together accounts of queer Miltonian metaphysics, feminist psychoanalysis, and trans quantum materialism, I argue that while prelapsarian Eve and Adam have a real subjective difference, this difference is not an a priori sexed or gendered one, nor is it ontological. I offer a transpsychoanalytic reading of Eve and Adam's unfallen subjectivities, which are structured without an originary loss, and explicate their difference while illustrating how unfallen Eden is a place without cis, binary sex and gender as we know it.


In thin film magnetic field sensors, strains adversely affect the gain and bias conditions. A new linear field sensor combining two matched spin valve elements is described. The difference signal from these two elements measures the strain at the field sensor and the sum signal, with the difference as input, gives a strain-compensated measure of the field. >


Here I review the developments in the representation of radiation budgets in global climate models (GCMs) from a surface perspective, considering early models up to the latest model generation used in the IPCC fourth assessment report (AR4). As in previous model generations, considerable differences in the simulated global mean radiation budgets are also present in the IPCC-AR4 models, particularly in the atmosphere and at the surface. I use a comprehensive set of surface observations to constrain these uncertainties, and focus on the downward short-and long-wave radiation, which can directly be validated against the surface observations. The majority of the IPCC-AR4 models still shows a tendency to overestimate the short-wave and underestimate the long-wave downward radiation at the surface, each by 6 Wm−2 on average, a long standing problem in many GCMs. A subset of models, however, is now capable of simulating at least one of the short-or long-wave downward components adequately. Model biases in all-and clear-sky fluxes are often similar, suggesting that deficiencies in clear-sky radiative transfer calculations are major contributors to the excessive surface insolation in many of the models. No indication is found that the simulated excessive surface insolation is due to missing cloud absorption.


This paper addresses the issue of motion safety in dynamic environments using Velocity Obstacles. Specifically, we propose the minimum time horizon for the velocity obstacle to ensure that the boundary of the velocity obstacle approximates conservatively that boundary of the set of inevitable collision states. Thus, using the velocity obstacle to select potential avoidance maneuvers would ensure that only safe maneuvers are being selected. The computation of the minimum time horizon is formulated as a minimum time problem, which is solved numerically for each static or moving obstacle. The "safe" velocity obstacles are used in an on-line planner that generates near-time optimal trajectories to the goal. The planner is demonstrated for on-line motion planning in very crowded static and dynamic environments.


We retrospectively evaluated the survival benefit of dispensing erlotinib after gefitinib administration in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer. Ninety patients treated with erlotinib in our hospital were divided into two groups: G+ group patients who were treated with erlotinib with prior gefitinib administration, and G- group patients who were treated with erlotinib without prior gefitinib administration. Median survival time (MST) in all 90 patients was 275 days. MST of 22 patients in the G+ group was shorter than that of 68 patients in G- group, but this difference was not statistically significant (283 days vs 177 days, p=0. 329). MST in 19 patients of the G+group who were administered erlotinib for over 1 month was shorter than that of 49G-group patients who were administered erlotinib over 1 month. However, this difference was also not statistically significant(395 days vs 238 days, p=0. 575). Univariate analysis demonstrated that EGFR mutation unknown, time to progression (TTP) with gefitinib longer than 1 year, gefitnib administration longer than 1 year, and responder to gefitinib, suggest a better prognosis. Mutivariate analysis revealed that only TTP with gefitinib longer than 1 year was an independent prognostic factor for patients in the G+ group.


Information common refers to the shared knowledge-base and the processes that facilitate its use. It also refers to a physical space, usually in an academic library, where any and all can participate in the processes of information research, gathering and production. In order to minimize the cost and avoid duplication of resources, infrastructure, software, hardware, manpower use of emerging technologies like server virtualization and cloud computing in libraries are increasing. This paper discusses in brief application of these technologies in libraries along with role of cloud librarian and university cloud library.

 Key words: Cloud computing, information common, university cloud library model, Role of cloud librarian, cloud based library services, cloud platforms.


PURPOSE
Our study investigates whether preoperative anterior chamber depth (ACD) measured by Scheimpflug tomography could serve as a potential predictor of graft failure in eyes undergoing Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK).

METHODS
A retrospective review was conducted on patients who underwent primary or repeat DSEK between January 2020 and August 2021 at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. Charts from 378 primary and 192 repeat DSEK patients were reviewed and ultimately 47 primary and 21 repeat DSEK patients met criteria for inclusion. Data collection included demographics, preoperative ACD, best-corrected visual acuity, and length of follow-up.

RESULTS
Demographics were similar between groups, and there was no significant difference in the average best-corrected visual acuity between the single and repeat DSEK groups preoperatively. Baseline preoperative ACD was greatest in the single DSEK group (3.51 ± 0.90 mm) when compared to baseline preoperative ACD in the repeat DSEK group (3.01 ± 0.67 mm, P = 0.003). The preoperative mean ACD was smallest in the repeat DSEK group before the second DSEK (2.94 ± 0.48 mm, P = 0.001). Preoperative baseline ACD was the only variable to affect graft survival time significantly (P = 0.012). The incidence of glaucoma diagnosis was similar in both groups (42.5% vs. 42.8%, P = 0.471). The diagnosis of glaucoma and presence of incisional glaucoma surgery did not affect the graft survival time (P = 0.129, P = 0.559) or need for repeat DSEK.

CONCLUSIONS
Smaller baseline preoperative Scheimpflug ACD measurement may be a possible predictor of the need for repeat DSEK. Our study found that Scheimpflug ACD decreases with subsequent DSEK failure.


Abstract COVID-19 has disrupted social, economic and political life across the Asia Pacific region, with particularly deleterious impacts on women. Rather than equitably affecting all, COVID-19 has brought about a "patriarchal reset", exacerbating women's health and care labour burdens and heightening the physical violence against women and other threats to women's human rights. This paper examines global health governance in the region from a feminist political economy perspective. We ask how has the pandemic and associated lockdowns affected women's safety and access to economic resources and services on the one hand, and 'women, peace and security' (WPS) practitioners' capacity to safeguard women's rights in fragile settings on the other hand? We examine the gendered impacts of COVID-19 based on two surveys of WPS practitioners during 2020. Significant rises in domestic and gender-based violence, reduced access to reproductive health services, and increased income insecurity were all perceived and/or experienced during COVID-19 restrictions. WPS practitioners delivered services to mitigate these effects of COVID-19 despite overall less funding than before COVID-19. With the benefit of primary data, we explore how a more radical approach is needed to understand and transform gender relations in light of gender-based violence and depletion of women's labour.


SUMMARY The adenine nucleotide content and adenylate energy charge of Nematospiroides dubius from laboratory mice and of Trichostrongylus colubriformis from lambs has been measured. Administration of the anthelmintic, levamisole, to infected hosts resulted in only a slight fall in the adenylate energy charge of N. dubius over a 3-h period but there was a greater fall in the adenylate energy charge of T. colubriformis during this period. In neither case did the energy charge fall quickly, nor did it fall to the low levels which would be expected if the levamisole were inhibiting synthesis of ATP. The changes in energy charge of the nematodes which occurred following administration of levamisole to their hosts was of the order which can be satisfactorily explained by changes in the environment of the nematodes, such as reduced oxygen tension. It is concluded that the maintenance of levamisole-induced paralysis of these two species of trichostrongyle in vivo does not rely on the inhibition of fumarate reductase.


Forward dynamics is central to physically-based simulation and control of articulated bodies. We present an adaptive algorithm for computing forward dynamics of articulated bodies: using novel motion error metrics, our algorithm can automatically simplify the dynamics of a multi-body system, based on the desired number of degrees of freedom and the location of external forces and active joint forces. We demonstrate this method in plausible animation of articulated bodies, including a large-scale simulation of 200 animated humanoids and multi-body dynamics systems with many degrees of freedom. The graceful simplification allows us to achieve up to two orders of magnitude performance improvement in several complex benchmarks.


This is a transcript of a presentation made by Mary E Black and Amanda Sinclair at the "Winds of Change" conference in Sydney on July 12, 1998. This was an international conference looking at issues around women in universities. It is reprinted here as many of the issues are of relevance to the readers of this journal. Both Mary and Amanda are experienced nursing mothers who also have high profile careers and are strongly committed to their families. In a sense they are pioneers as they speak openly about the conflicts both internal and external that they encounter. They were both asked to fly to Sydney to present this paper but decided not to, citing family responsibilities. Instead they persuaded the conference organisers to fund them to produce a video, shot in both Cairns and Melbourne and later edited into a presentation. This was shown to acclaim at the conference and provoked a lively discussion. If organisations are creative, they can do things differently and thus ensure that nursing mothers can fully participate in professional life.


This paper aimed to evaluate the clinical application value of vitrectomy combined with intraocular drug injection on treatment of severe endophthalmitis. Retrospective analyzed the 28 eyes for the 28 cases of patients suffering severe endophthalmitis, and with treatment of pars plana vitrectomy combined with intraocular drug injection, and foreign matter removal surgery. This study also analyzed the whole body and local application of antibiotics data, and clinical data of corticosteroid drug treatment. This study had followed up 6 to 12 months, 28 intraocular infected eyes of the 28 cases all had got controlled. The vision of 26 eyes improved to some degree, 2 eyes had eyeball atrophy. vitrectomy combined with intraocular drug injection was the most effective method to treatment the suppurative endophthalmitis.


Water availability during summer in Central Asia is controlled by the snow melt in the surrounding mountains. Reliable forecasts of river discharge during this period are essential for the management of water resources. This study tests the predictive power of GRACE gravity-based water storage anomalies in a linear regression framework for two large catchments. The results show substantial improvements of the forecasts in the larger Amudarya catchment compared to forecasts using just climate, snow cover, and discharge data. In this catchment, GRACE water storage anomalies even provide the largest share of explained variance. This leads to the conclusion that GRACE data can improve the forecast of seasonal water availability for large basins in Central Asia. The GRACE-FO mission launched in May 2018 opens up the possibility of operational forecasts utilizing upcoming near-real time products from satellite gravimetry for Central Asia and similar environments.


Abstract
Technology advancements have given rise to a new labor market mechanism known as elancing, where people could purchase freelance services through online sites. Following the trend, Mahajasa as a freelance marketplace startup has to compete with other existing competitors in Indonesia. Established for a year, fluctuating revenue and unknown intention of buying is incurred. Mahajasa aims for SMEs and students across Indonesia. But some recent studies stated that SMEs in Indonesia are reluctant to accept new technology since most marketplaces are in the adoption stage. This study's main objective is Understanding the most influential factors of purchase intention in buying services from freelance marketplace or freelance social media using UTAUT model. The research concluded 386 respondents from Indonesia who had used elancing platforms aged 15-44 years old and analyzed using SmartPLS. The result showed performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and perceived trust has a positive impact on purchase intention. While perceived trust has a partial mediating role between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence to purchase intention.


On weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, a 59-year-old Japanese woman with mitral valve plasty suddenly showed a greatly increased heart rate, and an electrocardiogram revealed elevated ST-segments. There was also abnormal wall motion in the inferior region and apical ballooning of the left ventricle. We diagnosed the condition as takotsubo cardiomyopathy (acute left ventricle apical ballooning syndrome), possibly caused by catecholamine release and regional stress-induced ischemia. We believe this to be the first case report of takotsubo cardiomyopathy observed during heart surgery. We hypothesize that the condition was mediated by regional myocardial stunning and that it could be prevented by administration of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors before surgery and by the use of superior biocompatible cardiopulmonary bypass components. Once takotsubo cardiomyopathy occurs, we recommend mechanical circulatory assistance during weaning from the bypass.


As oxide thickness is reduced below 2.5 nm in MOS devices, both series and shunt parasitic resistances become significant in capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. A new technique is presented which allows the frequency-independent device capacitance to be accurately extracted from impedance measurements at two frequencies. This technique is demonstrated for a 1.7 nm SiO/sub 2/ capacitor.


Increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation are implicated at various stages of carcinogenic processes. Recent studies have shown that reactive hydroxyalkenals derived from lipid peroxidation form the promutagenic exocyclic etheno DNA adducts 1,N6-ethenodeoxyadenosine (epsilon dA) and 3,N4-ethenodeoxycytidine (epsilon dC). A highly selective and sensitive immunoaffinity 32P-postlabelling method has been developed to detect epsilon dA and epsilon dC, with a detection limit of about 5 adducts per 10(10) parent nucleotides, which permitted their measurement in small amounts of human DNA. Background levels of epsilon dA and epsilon dC were detected in normal human tissue DNA, apparently as a result of lipid peroxidation under normal physiological conditions. High levels of epsilon dA and epsilon dC were found in the liver DNA of cancer-prone patients with Wilson disease or primary haemochromatosis. High dietary intake of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are readily oxidized to form enals, increased the epsilon dA and epsilon dC levels in DNA from leukocytes of women. An immunoaffinity-high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence method has been developed to measure epsilon dA in human urine. Etheno DNA adducts can now be used as biomarkers to investigate the potential role of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in human cancers associated with certain lifestyles or chronic infections and to verify whether the levels of these adducts can be reduced by chemopreventive regimens.


In contrast to profound North Atlantic property changes, the AMOC was stable on decadal time scales over the past three decades. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is crucially important to global climate. Model simulations suggest that the AMOC may have been weakening over decades. However, existing array-based AMOC observations are not long enough to capture multidecadal changes. Here, we use repeated hydrographic sections in the subtropical and subpolar North Atlantic, combined with an inverse model constrained using satellite altimetry, to jointly analyze AMOC and hydrographic changes over the past three decades. We show that the AMOC state in the past decade is not distinctly different from that in the 1990s in the North Atlantic, with a remarkably stable partition of the subpolar overturning occurring prominently in the eastern basins rather than in the Labrador Sea. In contrast, profound hydrographic and oxygen changes, particularly in the subpolar North Atlantic, are observed over the same period, suggesting a much higher decoupling between the AMOC and ocean interior property fields than previously thought.


We have made a system for direct ink-jet printing of electric materials with active alignment control. The system consists of nozzles, image sensors and a target tracking system. Each nozzle is integrated with a microlens for an image sensor and a pair of electrodes to control ink-jets according to the output of the image processing. The performance of the target detecting system was accurate enough to obtain 5-/spl mu/m-precision. The fabricated nozzles achieved patterning of silver nanoparticles, which can be used as conductive wires after sintering, and the patterning position was successfully controlled by the microelectrodes. The voltage-displacement relationship with R/sup 2/ = 0.99 was measured.


The electronic properties of slightly hydrogenated silicon nitride prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition are studied by electron spin resonance and photoluminescence. We show that the detection of the nitrogen dangling bond, after thermal annealing followed by an ultraviolet irradiation, critically depends on the composition, as has already been observed in strongly hydrogenated materials. Moreover, correlations are established between the appearance of the dangling bond and the photoluminescence efficiency, suggesting that an electronic state associated with a nitrogen dangling bond could be a radiative centre.


In view of the problems such as a plurality of dominant water flow channels formed by flushing the reservoir, inferior development effect in the water injection oilfields, reconstructing the current well pattern and providing well pattern evaluation methods are the important ways to enhance oil recovery by improving the injection-production relation, increasing the swept area of water flooding. However, the reservoir engineering methods, the simulation methods, the artificial intelligence algorithms with few objectives enable to comprehensively evaluate the well pattern. In this paper, considering multiple evaluation indexes in oilfield development by the glowworm swarm optimization algorithm and niche technology, automatic well pattern optimization is carried out. The glowworm swarm optimization algorithm has the advantage of efficient global search and simpler algorithm flow, which can speed up the convergence and reduce the parameter adjustment. The niche technology can better maintain the diversity of the solutions, and solve the multimodal optimization problems more efficiently, accurately and reliably. The new method was used to optimized the well pattern of one block in a water flooding oilfield with high water-cut in a certain oilfield. The optimal well pattern is obtained by multiple iterations to maximize the control degree of well pattern to sand body. The results indicate that the injection production correspondence ratio and reserves control degree of the well pattern to sand body are improved by 4.48% and 7.94%.


Lingshui X-1 block is located in ultra-deepwater region in western South China Sea. Drilling in this area are encountering many technical problems, such as low temperature, poor lithology in shallow formation, low fracture pressure gradient, gas hydrate and shallow geological hazards, which bring great technical challenges to subsea wellhead stability (Yang et al., 2013). In order to ensure wellhead stability and improve top-hole operation efficiency, jetting technology was used for spud-in. First of all, carrying capacity curve of structural conductor was obtained from mechanics analysis of shallow seabed soil in Lingshui X-1 block. Secondly, structural conductor size selection and load analysis were carried out to determine safe setting depth of structural conductor in Lingshui X-1 block. Finally, bit stick-out, bit size selection, Weight on Bit (WOB) and pump rate were optimized on the basis of comprehensive analysis of ultra-deepwater under top-hole jetting technology and BHA characteristics. Well LSX-1-1 was taken as an example to illustrate field operation for top-hole jetting. This successful case of top-hole jetting technology in Lingshui X-1 block of western South China Sea could provide technical guidance for future drilling activity in similar ultra-deepwater wells.


The purpose of reactive power compensation is to keep good voltage quality, minimize the energy loss or the investment of reactive compensation devices and improve the power transmission capability. In this paper, effects of voltage sensitive loads, namely, constant power, constant current and constant impedance type loads, on the voltage profile and real power loss to decide the optimal location of series or shunt capacitors are studied and discussed. Exponential modeling is used for the three types of loads in this analysis. The performance indices determined by the sensitivity of voltage variation (PIV), energy loss (PIL) and composite factors (PIVL) to the reactive power injection are used to determine the near optimum location of series capacitor (on the lines) or shunt capacitors (at the buses) taking the voltage sensitive loads into consideration. A 14 node power system is used as a numerical example for this study.


Large dc and ac electric currents are often measured by open-loop sensors without a magnetic yoke. A widely used configuration uses a differential magnetic sensor inserted into a hole in a flat busbar. The use of a differential sensor offers the advantage of partial suppression of fields coming from external currents. Hall sensors and AMR sensors are currently used in this application. In this paper, we present a current sensor of this type that uses novel integrated fluxgate sensors, which offer a greater range than magnetoresistors and better stability than Hall sensors. The frequency response of this type of current sensor is limited due to the eddy currents in the solid busbar. We present a novel amphitheater geometry of the hole in the busbar of the sensor, which reduces the frequency dependence from 15% error at 1 kHz to 9%.


When consistently innovative business-models can give companies a competitive advantage, longitudinal empirical research, which can reflect dynamic business-model changes, has yet to prove a definitive connection. This study consequently employs a dynamic perspective in conjunction with innovation theory to examine the relationship between the types of business-model innovation and firm value. This study tries to examine various types of business-model innovation in high-end and low-end technology industries such as HTC and the 7-Eleven chain stores with research periods of 14 years and 32 years, respectively. The empirical results suggest that adopting radical business-model innovation in addition to expanding new target markets can successfully lead to a competitive advantage. Sustained advanced technological competences and service/product innovation are the key successful factors in high-end and low-end technology industry business-models respectively. In sum up, the business-model innovation can yield a higher market value and financial value in high-end technology industries than low-end ones. Keywords—Business-model, Dynamic Perspective, Firm Value, Innovation


After 15-18 months of experimental coarctation of the aorta, the weight of the rat left ventricle increased by 94%. Papillary muscle strips developed 46% less tension than strips of the same thickness


Dark Net Markets (DNMs) are websites found on the Dark Net that facilitate the anonymous trade of illegal items such as drugs and weapons. Despite repeated law enforcement interventions on DNMs, the ecosystem has continued to grow since the first DNM, Silk Road, in 2011. This research project investigates the resilience of the ecosystem and tries to understand which characteristics allow it to evade law enforcement. This thesis is comprised of three studies. The first uses a dataset contained publicly available, scraped data from 34 DNMs to quantitatively measure the impact of a large scale law enforcement operation, Operation Onymous, on the vendor population. This impact is compared to the impact of the closure of the DNM Evolution in an exit scam. For both events, the impact on different vendor populations (for example those who are directly affected and those who aren't) are compared and the characteristics that make vendors resilient to each event are investigated. In the second study, a dataset acquired from the server the DNM Silk Road 2.0 is used to better understand the relationships between buyers and vendors. Network analysis and statistical techniques are used to explore when buyers trade and who with. This dataset is also used to measure the impact of a hack on Silk Road 2.0 on its population. In the final study, discussions from the forum site Reddit were used to qualitatively assess user perceptions of two law enforcement interventions. These interventions were distinct in nature - one, Operation Hyperion, involved warning users and arresting individuals and the second, Operation Bayonet, actively closed a DNM. Grounded Theory was used to identify topics of conversation and directly compare the opinions held by users on each intervention. These studies were used to evaluate hypotheses incorporated into two models of resilience. One model focuses on individual users and one on the ecosystem as a whole. The models were then used to discuss current law enforcement approaches on combating DNMs and how they might be improved.


Background: NR0B2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 2), also called SHP (small heterodimer partner), is an orphan nuclear receptor with a unique feature of lacking a conventional zinc-finger DNA binding domain. It acts as a transcriptional repressor by binding to other nuclear receptors and regulates various metabolic pathways. NR0B2 gene expression was significantly reduced in many human malignancies, including liver cancers, and overexpression of NR0B2 protein suppresses liver cancer development, indicating it is a tumor suppressor. Previous reports showed that NR0B2 gene expression is upregulated by several transcription factors, including FXR; however, it is not clear if and how cellular signaling pathways are involved in transcription factors-regulated NR0B2 gene expression in human cancer cells. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a group of major cellular signaling molecules that regulate multiple cellular signal pathways and their genetic abnormalities are found in most of human cancers. In liver cancers, animal study with genetic ablation of PTEN, the negative PI3K regulator, resulted in 60% of tumor development in the liver, suggesting an important role of PI3K-PTEN pathway in liver cancers. Methods: To investigate if PI3K pathway is involved in the regulation of NR0B2 expression in human liver cancer HepG2 cells, multiple PI3K inhibitors were used to suppress PI3K activity. NR0B2 gene expression was assessed using real-time RT-PCR assay, Western blot and luciferase reporter driven by NR0B2 gene promoter (2200-LUC). Results: At the mRNA level, NR0B2 gene expression is significantly elevated after being treated by PI3K inhibitor LY294002, along with JNK inhibitor SP600125. In contrast, MAPK/ERK inhibitors PD98059 and U0126 drastically suppressed NR0B2 gene expression. With the NR0B2 promoter-driven luciferase reporter (2200-LUC), luciferase assay results revealed that MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitors U0126 and PD184161 abolished the basal and FXR agonist GW4064 -stimulated luciferase activities, in agreement with the results at the mRNA levels. Interestingly, PI3K inhibitor BKM120/LY294002 and PI3K/p110β inhibitor BL140 drastically enhanced the basal luciferase activity of 2200-LUC reporter but had no effect on GW4064-stimulated 2200-LUC activities. We also determined that GW4064-stimualted NR0B2 protein expression was abolished by U0126 and PD184161 but not by PI3K inhibitors. In contrast, PI3K inhibitors increased NR0B2 protein levels at a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: These data suggest that NR0B2 gene expression is regulated by two major intracellular signal pathways, PI3K and MAPK. While MAPK/ERK signal pathway is involved in FXR-mediated NR0B2 expression, PI3K pathway suppresses NR0B2 expression that might be involved in liver cancer development or progression. Citation Format: Yanjie Tu, Jean Li, Lisa Zhang. PI3K/p110β modulates tumor suppressor gene NR0B2 expression in human liver cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Targeting PI3K/mTOR Signaling; 2018 Nov 30-Dec 8; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(10_Suppl):Abstract nr B34.


The article discusses the mobile training and self-propelled training stand M120K RAK cal. 120 mm.
The 120 mm RAK self-propelled mortar is the primary fire agent of a support company, intended for indirect, indirect and direct fire shooting as part of the destruction of enemy objects. Modern technology allows for a realistic reflection of the battlefield image through modern training and training measures, and thanks to the use of a mobile training and training station in the construction and operation of weapons and military equipment, learn about the general characteristics and purpose of the new equipment.


BACKGROUND
Cognitive deficits are a core aspect of schizophrenia but there has been no study of cognitive function in a catchment-area-based population of patients with schizophrenia.

AIMS
To assess cognitive function in a population of patients with schizophrenia, and relate it to community functioning.

METHOD
All patients with schizophrenia in Nithsdale, south-west Scotland, were identified (n = 182). Measures of assessment were: National Adult Reading Test (NART), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT), Executive Interview (EXIT), FAS Verbal Fluency and Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS).

RESULTS
We assessed 138 patients, mean age 48 years (standard deviation (s.d.) 15). Only 14% were in-patients. The mean premorbid IQ as assessed by NART was 98 (s.d. 14); 15% of patients had significant global cognitive impairment (MMSE); 81% had impaired memory (RBMT); 25% had executive dyscontrol (EXIT); and 49% had impaired verbal fluency (FAS). Scores on the functional impairment sub-scale of HoNOS correlated with all measures of cognitive impairment.

CONCLUSIONS
Cognitive dysfunction is pervasive in a community-based population of patients with schizophrenia.


This paper explores children's understandings of poverty, ill-being and well-being in Ethiopia using data collected through group exercises with children aged 5–6 and 11–13 participating in Young Lives, an international study of childhood poverty. In some respects the characteristics of poverty reported by children resemble those reported by adults participating in similar exercises. However, the children's addition of appearance and clothing, and their explanations of the reasoning behind the importance of these indicators of well-being reflect growing inequalities in Ethiopia, where experiences of relative poverty and social exclusion are increasingly common. This evidence argues for broadening the focus of child poverty reduction to include the psychosocial costs of lacking the culturally specific resources required for full participation in society. The paper also illustrates ways in which poverty can be explored by asking about ill-being and that children as young as five years are able to address these themes through well-designed research methods. � 2010 The Author(s). Journal compilation � 2010 National Children's Bureau and Blackwell Publishing Limited.


The interpersonal consequences of reassurance seeking may depend on who is seeking reassurance. This research examined whether greater reassurance seeking during couples' support-relevant discussions was associated with greater partner support when enacted by more avoidant individuals who typically minimize dependence in their relationships. Three dyadic studies (N = 246 couples) demonstrated that the interpersonal effects of reassurance seeking were moderated by attachment avoidance. Greater reassurance seeking repaired the lack of closeness that partners of highly avoidant individuals typically feel (Study 3), and these partners, in turn, provided more support across studies. In contrast, greater reassurance seeking by less avoidant individuals was associated with partners feeling less close (Study 3), but was not associated with partners' support across studies. These results provide the first evidence that reassurance seeking during support-relevant interactions can repair distance and facilitate support, but these positive interpersonal effects occur when reassurance seekers are high in attachment avoidance.