The efficiency of professional activity of any specialist depends on many factors, but, first of all, on the consciousness by the personality of social prestige of the chosen profession, as well as on the personal significance and directivity in the prospective growth of their future professional activity. The new social-economic relations predetermine the need to be competitive, which in turn requires constant professional improvement, mobility, activity and creativity.The qualification characteristics of graduates, receiving both secondary vocational and higher education reflect one of the most important requirements – the ability to carry out organizational-management activities in possible competences. Management in all spheres of human activity is the universal activity tool on ensuring its systemacy, target-orientation and effectiveness, flexibility and variability. Therefore, in our opinion, the mastering of managerial skills and managerial competence is the integral component of the general culture of the personality of the specialist of any profile.Exactly the managers at all levels of the professional hierarchy are aimed at performance of the task on creation of the best option of the future. It is natural that the growing variability and hostility of the environment place impose ever-higher demands on their leaders-heads, therefore the managers have to develop in themselves the guidelines, abilities and skills which will allow them to carry out accurately and effectively the management in the coming years. Thus, the problems of teacher leadership are closely connected with the vocational training of future specialists, the relevance of which is obvious in the context of the development of modern computer technologies, as the basis of the transformational changes, taking place in the pre-school education system, is the training of pedagogical personnel in accordance with the latest international requirements, as well as with the requirements of the State Compulsory Educational Standard (SCES) to the professional competence of the specialist.In this regard, one of the urgent problems, facing modern pedagogy, is the search for ways and means of the developing the leadership of pedagogues as education managers. As the result of the analysis of psychological-pedagogical literature, it was clarified the interpretation of the concept "leadership qualities of the teacher", which we can understand – as integral systemic qualities, ensuring in the joint activity of the teacher and student, the fastest and most successful achievement of the general educational goal in the conditions of the specific educational situation.Therefore, we consider that the education manager, i.e. school teachers, class teachers, deputy directors and the director himself, should have leadership in addition to vocational-pedagogical competences, as the effectiveness of managing own professional activity, education, upbringing, development, as well as the behavior of children depends directly on the qualitative approach to management within the framework of own powers of each personality. Based on the aforesaid, there is explained the relevance of research, consisting in purposeful work on definition and development of the value component of the leadership potential of education managers.The scientific novelty of this research is represented by determination of the relationship of the value of work with the effectiveness of leadership behavior and the career development of education managers/teachers of schools, as well as the degree of social-psychological acceptability of each other between people, i.e. social acceptability, was estimated by the Bogardus scale. There were used the general scientific methods of scientific research, including: bibliographic search, collection and analysis of statistical data, ranking method, group discussion, survey, questionnaire, testing, etc.Based on the obtained data, it is planned to develop the psychological-pedagogical conditions of formation and development of leadership of managers of school organizations.


The vibration exciter with the accurate calibration requires a low distortion along a single axis over a wide range of frequency. The fabricated piezoelectric exciter was composed of a base, piezoelectric element(Venitron PZT 5A), electrode and seismic mass. Its performance characteristics is evaluated the Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer. The phase of the optical wave passing through the optical fiber around the piezoelectric element was related the vibrational amplitude with a change of the applied sinusoidal voltage on the piezoelectric element. The dynamic characteristics of vibration exciter can be obtained by measuring the vibrational amplitude with a sinusoidal applied voltage on the piezoelectric element. The sensitivity of the fabricated piezoelectric exciter had a 0.4 nm/V which was uniform up to 20 kHz.


Problems with standard Boolean maps produced through subjective interpretation of a phenomenon (i.e., forest or soils maps) are discussed and two alternatives based on spatial certainty are presented and discussed. One requires multiple interpretations of the phenomenon in order to construct a library of spatial uncertainties; such an Uncertainty Library can be used subsequently to estimate error across cartographic boundaries. The other requires interpreters/cartographers to identify only those map elements which are "100% certain." A spatial interpolation algorithm is subsequently applied to this information to "fill in the gaps" with certainty information for each map type. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages relative to standard Boolean maps and also to each other. These are discussed in general terms and also through the presentation of specific examples. It is concluded that though uncertainty-based cartographic representations provide more flexibility than do conventional Boolean maps, the construction of the former is not without its prob-


Pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum) is non-rice food commodity which is not only as a source of carbohydrate but also antioxidants, bioactive compounds, and fiber. Calculating gross output, net farm income and B/C ratio were important for the sustainability of pearl millet farming in which pearl millet is better to be alternative of primary food than rice because it contains any benefit for healthy life availability. This study was conducted in West Sulawesi which was selected by purposive sampling in considering that the area was one of the centers of pearl millet farming in Indonesia. Data were collected by using the structured interview to the farmers as samples who cultivated pearl millet as alternative farming. The result found that both of gross output and net farm income of pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum) in one production period after calculated in IDR was dramatically lower than the regional minimum income of West Sulawesi in a month even though B/C ratio value showed that pearl millet farming was feasible to be cultivated. Pearl millet farming was produced twice or two periods in a year. In justification, pearl millet was not the primary but only alternative farm income when the weather was extremely to produce maize or other plants. This condition showed that pearl millet in West Sulawesi was not the priority of food production to support farmers' income, it was just alternative farming after maize, cocoa, and local onion.


The Committee on the History and Heritage of Hydrology sponsored this special session at the 1990 AGU Spring Meeting, held in Baltimore, Md. The history of fracture flow was an appropriate conclusion to 2 days of papers on the geologic characterization of media heterogeneity. Fracture flow theory developed from several technical disciplines, including rock mechanics and geological engineering in addition to hydrogeology. In particular, the 1960s and 1970s saw major advances in methods for describing and analyzing discontinuous geologic features. Institutions such as the University of California, Berkeley, which had strong interdisciplinary groups in the fields mentioned above, spearheaded much of the technical development.


Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common head neck malignancy having a propensity for loco-regional spread. Hematogenous spread is rare with only a few existing reports in the literature. Case report and Methods: Here we present a case of 55 year old mail with squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa with metastasis to vertebrae with a review of the literature on osseous metastases from OSCC. Conclusions: With improved loco-regional control of the primary disease now possible with newer treatment modalities, more and more cases of distant metastasis from OSCC are being detected. Most frequently reported sites of metastasis from OSCC include lung, bone, liver, adrenals, heart, and kidney.


The method of dyeing wool with the leaves of peach was standardized by determining the optimum dyeing conditions, namely dye material concentration, dye material extraction time, dyeing time, mordant concentration and mordanting method. The washing, rubbing, light and perspiration fastness of the dyed samples was also evaluated, giving fair to excellent fastness grades.


Moire fringes produced with an X-ray interferometer have been found to give an extraordinary nonprojectiveness, an oscillatory change of the fringe position along the beam paths of the transmitted and the Bragg reflected waves behind the interferometer. Densitometric measurements of the moire fringes showed that, along with the fringe position, the fringe profile changes in an unusual manner along the beam paths. This nonprojectiveness is presumably of the same nature as that observed for moire fringes produced with a bicrystal [Yoshimura (1989). J. Phys. Soc. Jpn, 58, 1283–1295].


The Ontario government should scrap its peak-demand electricity-pricing program for large industrial electricity users in order to lower costs for Ontario households, according to a new C.D. Howe Institute report. In "Peak Power Problems: How Ontario's Industrial Electricity Pricing System Impacts Consumers," author Anindya Sen suggests that this program is responsible for one-quarter of the increased costs of electricity for households.


Abstract. Observations made by the DMSP F10 satellite during the recovery phase from geomagnetic disturbances in June 1991 show regions of He + dominance around 830 km altitude at 09:00 MLT. These regions are co-located with a trough in ionisation observed around 55° in the winter hemisphere. Plasma temperature and concentration observations made during the severe geomagnetic storm of 24 March 1991 are used as a case study to determine the effects of geomagnetic disturbances along the orbit of the F10 satellite. Previous explanations for He + dominance in this trough region relate to the part of the respective flux tubes that is in darkness. Such conditions are not relevant for this study, since the whole of the respective flux tubes are sunlit. A new mechanism is proposed to explain the He + dominance in the trough region. This mechanism is based on plasma transport and chemical reaction effects in the F-region and topside ionosphere, and on the time scales for such chemical reactions. Flux tubes previously depleted by geomagnetic storm effects refill during the recovery phase from the ionosphere as a result of pressure differences along the flux tubes. Following a geomagnetic disturbance, the He + ion recovers quickly via the rapid photoionisation of neutral helium, in the F-region and the topside. The recovery of the O + and H + ions is less rapid. This is proposed as a result of the respective charge exchange reactions with neutral atomic hydrogen and oxygen. Preliminary model calculations support the proposed mechanism. Key words. Magnetospheric physics (storms and sub-storms, plasmasphere)


We examine the impact of the Great Depression on the share of votes for right-wing extremists in elections in the 1920s and 1930s. We confirm the existence of a link between political extremism and economic hard times as captured by growth or contraction of the economy. What mattered was not simply growth at the time of the election, but cumulative growth performance. The impact was greatest in countries with relatively short histories of democracy, with electoral systems that created low hurdles to parliamentary representation, and which had been on the losing side in World War I.


The properties of rat and rabbit brain sodium (Na) channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes following either unfractionated or high-molecular- weight mRNA injections were compared to assess the relative contribution of different size messages to channel function. RNA was size-fractionated on a sucrose gradient and a high-molecular-weight fraction (7–10 kilobase) encoding the alpha-subunit gave rise to functional voltage-dependent Na channels in the oocyte membrane. Single- channel conductance, mean open time, and time to first opening were all similar to the values for channels following injection of unfractionated RNA. In contrast, inactivation properties were markedly different; Na currents from high-molecular-weight RNA inactivated with a several-fold smaller macroscopic inactivation rate and showed a steady-state voltage dependence that was shifted in the depolarizing direction by at least 10 mV relative to that for unfractionated RNA. Single-channel recording revealed that the kinetic difference arose from a greater probability for high-molecular-weight RNA induced channels to reopen during a depolarizing voltage step. Pooling all gradient fractions and injecting this RNA into oocytes led to the appearance of Na channels with inactivation properties indistinguishable from those following injection of unfractionated RNA. These results suggest that mRNA species not present in the high- molecular-weight fraction can influence the inactivation process of rat brain Na channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. This mRNA may encode beta-subunits or other proteins that are involved in posttranslational processing of voltage-dependent Na channels.


The study aims to analyze and evaluate the evaluation items and application methods of environment-friendly middle schools in Chungbuk area by case studies. For the study, the criteria and situations of environment-friendly schools are analyzed literally and three environment-friendly middle schools in Chungbuk area selected. The field surveys and faculty interviews are performed. As results, about 35 environment-friendly technologies are applied and 66 to 68 points are acquired in three selected schools. It is analyzed that the PV, natural interior materials, raining recycle system and sufficient green spaces are pointed out as main technologies. About 66% of respondents know the environment-friendly certification and use the environment facilities in classes. However, the unsuitable plants for interior green spaces, unskilled management of recycling facilities and the absent of student participate programs show up as main problems. Also, the active campaigns need to expand the environment-friendly school.


In this issue of Heart , Tribouilly et al ( see page 1723 )1 report on their experience in patients with infective endocarditis of the native aortic valve. Three-hundred and ten patients were recruited prospectively over 16 years, and in the cited study the authors chose to analyse the data from a subset of 50 patients who were shown to have bicuspid aortic valves (BAV). This group was chosen because BAV is the most common congenital cardiac abnormality. The cohort was characterised by being significantly younger than the patients whose aortic valves were trileaflet (TAV), more likely to have received antibiotic therapy prior to the confirmation of a diagnosis of infective endocarditis and had a strikingly higher rate of the specific complication of aortic perivalvular abscess formation. It is generally accepted that infection with Staphyloccocus aureus is associated with a higher risk of abscess formation, and, in almost all of the cases with abscesses in both the BAV and TAV groups, this was the pathogen. However, the relative risk of abscess formation was increased by a factor of two and a half in the BAV group, which is another intriguing and potentially alarming observation.

The diagnosis of perivalvular abscess was most commonly detected with transoesophageal echocardiography, the superiority of this technique over the transthoracic (TTE) approach having been demonstrated some years ago.2 The study protocol used by the authors mandated …


In the absence of effective drugs that could be used in the treatment of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, behavioral methods of preventing infection have become important in counteracting the epidemic, including wearing protective masks. A historical overview of the epidemic and the introduction of the mask order allows an epidemic to be better understood not only as a biological event, but also as a social process. Many countries have enforced the wearing of masks in public despite conflicting opinions about whether their use could prevent transmission of the coronavirus from one person to another. In Poland, the content of the official message on the effectiveness of wearing masks was changing, ultimately introducing the obligation to cover the mouth and nose with masks or an element of clothing in generally accessible places.


This prospective study was done at the Southern Railway Headquarters Hospital, Ayanavaram, Chennai to measure the intraoperative blood loss during adenotonsillectomy and to assess the factors affecting it. Since blood volume in children is low, even a small loss will result in dreaded complications, so blood loss measurement in paediatric surgery is important. Adenotonsillectomy is the most common surgery performed in the field of otolaryngology, so blood loss measurement is essential in this surgery. In the study, 50 children who underwent adenotonsillectomy, by conventional dissection and snare method for tonsillectomy and curette method for adenoidectomy, were evaluated for operative blood loss. This study was conducted over a 1 year period, from June 2013 to June 2014. Both gravimetric method and blood volume studies were used to measure the operative blood loss. The estimated blood loss by gravimetric method was 94.35 ml, whereas the actual blood loss by blood volume studies was 90.57 ml and the average blood loss was 92.46 ml. The youngest child who was operated was 4 years old and the oldest child was 15 years old. The minimum blood loss was 40.30 ml and the maximum was 278.46 ml. In our series, operative blood loss was dependent on fibrosis of tonsil and the grade of the tonsil. There was no significant correlation between age and sex of the patient and the surgical skills.


The following article presents the first phase of implantation of the Centralized Management project of wastewater quality. From the Inspection and Environmental Control Service the need to implant a project
that integrates the different tasks carried out by the service arose in order to obtain the maximum benefit of them all, offering environmental services of high added value to control and reduce pollution. During the
remote control phase of water quality two Quality Stations have been initiated, one of general character at the entry of a filter system and other one of industrial character in the connection of an Industrial Estate.
The two Quality Stations have been remote controlled, therefore, conductivity sensors have been installed, as well as refreshed automatic sampling testers that work 24 hours a day, thus a pollution episode can be
characterized from the beginning. Hereby, it will be possible to have the necessary tools to reinforce the degree of knowledge and the control of the system, increasing the diagnostic capability by means of the
detection of incidents caused by spillages.


Objectives: To describe a facilitated procedure of colorectal filling contrast ultrasonography (CFCUS) and investigate its potential role in the assessment of paediatric juvenile polyps. Methods: The general information, clinical symptoms, ultrasound image characteristics, and colonoscopy findings of 101 children with clinical signs of colorectal polyps admitted to our hospital between May 2018 and May 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. All children underwent conventional transabdominal ultrasonography (CTUS), and CFCUS before colonoscopy, and the latter served as the gold standard. Chi-squared tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for the statistical analysis. Results: Forty-five children with fifty-two colorectal polyps were diagnosed by colonoscopy. Ten polyps had false-negative results on CTUS, six of which were detected by CFCUS. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CFCUS vs CTUS was 92.3% vs 80.7%, 100% vs 100%, 100% vs 100%, 93.3% vs 84.8%, respectively. The maximum diameter of polyps (mean ± standard deviation) missed by CTUS was significantly smaller than that detected by CTUS (7.50±2.12 mm [range 4–12 mm] vs. 19.62±7.89 mm [range 6–41 mm], P<0.0001). A significant difference was observed between CTUS and CFCUS. The difference between CTUS and CFCUS regarding the detection rate of polyps with a diameter < 1 cm (P=0.031). A statistical difference was observed in the detection rate of polyps (P=0.031), and pedicles (P<0.001) between CTUS and CFCUS. The Kappa values for the assessment of Yamada's classification between CTUS and colonoscopy and CFCUS and colonoscopy were 0.51 and 0.84, respectively. Six colonic polyps were accompanied by a punctate hyperechoic area on the surface, which may be suggestive of a correlation with erosion and bleeding findings.Conclusion: CFCUS can increase the detection rate of polyps and pedicles, especially polyps with diameters <1 cm, and accurately evaluate Yamada's classification, providing useful preoperative information for colonoscopy.


Customarily, social workers and policy makers refer to vulnerable populations by labels such as 'impaired', 'unemployed', 'disabled', 'minority', 'foster child', 'single parent', and so forth. Whether consciously or unconsciously, such labels serve to locate the characteristic that makes the individual vulnerable within him or herself. In contrast, Burke, Parker and the authors they have assembled focus primarily on disadvantage and stigma as the factors that make individuals vulnerable. The authors acknowledge that impairments and other intrinsic conditions of the individual may contribute to disadvantage. However, the emphasis is on stigma, discrimination, and economic and developmental conditions outside the individual that are often more incapacitating to individuals, their families and associated others than their individual characteristics and impairments. In the first chapter, Burke articulates a theoretical framework that will be used and expanded upon in subsequent chapters. This framework explores three key concepts: stigma, disability, and disability by association. Burke's model of stigma has three aspects, social (day-to-day interactions), situational (the circumstances related to location, place and identity) and structural (treatment by people of authority or institutions). All these aspects can contribute to social exclusion. Burke then turns to a discussion of the nature of disability. He uses a 'social model' of disability to illustrate how 'social experience constructs disability beyond the level of specific impairment' (p. 20). Under this theory, social conditions reinforce and amplify incapacity over and above organic impairments. Finally, Burke articulates a concept of disability by association. This is consistent with Goffman's notion of disability as a 'spoiled identity' (Goffman 1963, p 121); however, Burke notes that the stigma and disadvantage often extend beyond individuals with disabilities to their siblings, families and other close associations. Thus, Burke notes, stigma and disadvantage are like a


The lens-like effects, both photorefractive effect and thermo-optical effect, were studied in the LiNbO3: Fe sheet. The threshold light intensity above which the photorefractive effect was overwhelmed by the thermal effect was determined and the thermo-optical coefficient dn/dT is evaluated by the Z-scanning method. The limiting characteristics of LiNbO3: Fe sheet is examined.


This volume commemorates the work of Malcolm Bowie, who died in 2007. It includes selected papers drawn from the conference held in his memory at the Institute of Germanic & Romance Studies, University of London, in May 2008, inspired by his work in nineteenth- and twentieth-century French literature. Malcolm Bowie was instrumental in shaping French studies in the United Kingdom into the interdisciplinary field it now is. The contributions to this collection are grouped around Bowie's principal interests and specialisms: poetry, Proust, theory, visual art and music. The book is, however, more than a memorial to Malcolm Bowie's work and legacy. In its inclusion of work by established and eminent members of the academic profession as well as new and emerging scholars, it is also a showcase for cutting-edge work in French studies in the United Kingdom and beyond.


As the duration of human spaceflight missions increases, it becomes less feasible to attempt to design Environmental Control and Life Support Systems (ECLSS) with components of such high reliability that they will never fail. Instead, systems must be designed to be resilient ‐ to maintain functionality in the face of component failure. A major question for system designers then becomes: how resilient? Additional redundancy, spares, or consumable margin increase a system's resilience, but they also increase cost and mass. Also, buffers within the system have a significant impact on system reliability, especially when external spares are utilized; however, this also comes at a cost. In order to properly consider resilience in system trade studies, a quantitative and objective means to measure the benefits of resilience-related system elements must be utilized. This paper presents the use of semi-Markov models to model the reliability and resilience of ECLSS for longduration spacecraft and habitats, with states defined by the status of each component (functional/failed) and transition probability distributions defined by failure rates, repair rates, and the time that the system can survive after component failure. This technique enables calculation of the probability of system failure before the end of the mission, as well as several other metrics of interest. A simple example is given, and benefits and limitations of the technique are discussed.


African swine fever (ASF) continues to spread across Asia, devastating pig populations. The disease is nearly 100% fatal in pigs, and currently, there is no effective vaccine available. Therefore, early detection of ASF is critical for effective disease control. The testing process usually requires samples to be shipped to a central laboratory, which may take many hours of travel or shipping time, delaying the results needed for a rapid response. The ability to confirm ASFV-infected animals on-site or in a regional laboratory that has limited technical capacity and/or infrastructure should eliminate these issues. This study describes the successful transfer of a highly sensitive and specific laboratory-validated real-time PCR assay to a portable pen-side thermocycler, which can be operated in the field for rapid detection of ASFV following a quick manual nucleic acid extraction from a wide array of clinical samples including aggregate samples such as oral fluids. The performance of the portable assay was comparable to the laboratory-based assay. The true portability of the assay was evaluated in seven ASF-suspected farms in Vietnam by testing eighty-nine freshly-collected whole blood samples on-site. The results obtained on-site were in agreement with the laboratory data obtained the following day. Availability of this field-deployable molecular assay would eliminate the need to ship samples to a central laboratory, when rapid laboratory results are required, ultimately improving the response time.


. Video-based Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (VUDA) methods improve the robustness of video models, enabling them to be applied to action recognition tasks across different environments. However, these methods require constant access to source data during the adaptation process. Yet in many real-world applications, subjects and scenes in the source video domain should be irrelevant to those in the target video domain. With the increasing emphasis on data privacy, such methods that require source data access would raise serious privacy issues. Therefore, to cope with such concern, a more practical domain adaptation scenario is formulated as the Source-Free Video-based Domain Adaptation (SFVDA). Though there are a few methods for Source-Free Domain Adaptation (SFDA) on image data, these methods yield de-generating performance in SFVDA due to the multi-modality nature of videos, with the existence of additional temporal features. In this paper, we propose a novel Attentive Temporal Consistent Network (ATCoN) to address SFVDA by learning temporal consistency, guaranteed by two novel consistency objectives, namely feature consistency and source prediction consistency, performed across local temporal features. ATCoN further constructs effective overall temporal features by attending to local temporal features based on prediction confidence. Empirical results demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of ATCoN across various cross-domain action recognition benchmarks.


The results showed that the concentration of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) in the bile was higher than that in the normal controls (P less than 0.01), while the total bilirubin remained normal. The constituent ratio of bilirubin monoglucuronide and diglucuronide exhibited no marked difference between these two groups. The concentration of total bile acids (TBA) in cirrhotic rats was lower than that in the normals (P less than 0.001). In cirrhotic rats, some bile acids, e.g., TCA TCDCA GCA and GCDCA decreased while TLCA increased. Changes in the concentration of UCB and TBA correlated to the degree of fatty degeneration of the liver without cirrhosis, but this correlation disappeared once cirrhosis was formed. It is concluded that increased UCB and decreased TBA may be the factors responsible for the formation of pigment gallstones in cirrhotic patients.


Endometriosis is a common disease of reproductive age women and infertility is one of its clinical manifestations. Infertility of patients with severe endometriosis may be attributed to the anatomy alteration of pelvis.However, the infertility of patients with minimal to mild endometriosis whose pelvic anatomy remains intact is still hard to explain. It is considered that the infertility of patients with ninimal to mild endometriosis is associated with the alteration of the pelvic microenvironment. Several kinds of cytokines and proteins are involved in this process. They may disturb steps necessary to achieve successful pregnancy, such as ovulation,gamete transport, fertilization, embryo transport and implantation. Any disturbance to one of the steps mentioned above may lead to pregnant loss.


There are two basic approaches to explaining financial crises. One argues that they are driven by bad fundamentals, while the other one argues that they reflect panic or coordination failures among investors. The empirical literature has established a fairly strong link between fundamentals and crises, suggesting support for the fundamental-based view and not for the panic-based view. However, in theory, the two approaches are not mutually exclusive: the link between fundamentals and crises does not go against the validity of the panic-based view. In fact, there are models that predict panic to be triggered by low fundamentals. The article reviews empirical evidence in the financial-crises literature in light of the tension between the fundamental-based and panic-based approach. It points out the limited ability to draw conclusions on the validity of the panic-based approach and describes possibilities for identifying panic in the data.


The development of new products is vital to the growth and success of any manufacturing firm. The decision concerning product design, development and management of new products is highly crucial when one considers the rate of failure of many new products introduced locally and globally. This paper examines the role of marketing research as pathway to developing optimal market oriented products. The objectives of this paper among others are to (i) Establish whether the use of marketing research has effect on new product adoption process by consumers (ii) Find out if there is any relationship between the use of marketing research and the development of consumer oriented products and (iii) proffer policy recommendations which company executives will find useful if faithfully implemented. The paper adopts survey research with two hypotheses stated in null form. Data obtained from the questionnaires distributed were analyzed and these were tested with the aid of Regression and correlation test statistics based on the nature of the set hypotheses. Findings show that marketing research has significant effect on new products been easily adopted by consumers. Findings also revealed that there is a significant relationship between the use of marketing research and the development of consumers oriented products by the organisation. The study makes useful policy recommendations which companies will find beneficial if faithfully implemented.


Crystals of the title compound (I) are monoclinic, space group P21/a, with Z= 4 in a unit cell of dimensions: a= 20·093(3), b= 9·519(2), c= 15·201(3)A, β= 96·77(2)°. The structure has been elucidated by conventional heavy-atom methods from 4123 diffracted intensities measured on a four-circle diffractometer, and refined to R 0·099. The palladium atom, which is in an approximately square-planar environment, forms part of a five-membered condensed hexafluoroacetone ring, [graphic omitted], which is of envelope conformation. The O–C(CF3)2 bond from the oxygen atom adjacent to the metal in this ring is notably short [1·337(13)A]. The plane of the carbene ligand lies perpendicular to the co-ordination plane of the Pd atom; there is virtually no back-donation from Pd to carbene [Pd–C(4) 2·07 A], and the carbene lies trans to C(1) of the five-membered ring. The C–N bond distances within the carbenoid fragment (mean 1·32 A) indicate a high degree of delocalisation. The short intramolecular contact between the H atom of the NHBut group and one of the methylene hydrogen atoms of the NEt2 group supports spectroscopic evidence for restricted rotation around an N–Et bond.


With the development of cloud storage technology, data storage security has become increasingly serious. Aiming at the problem that existing attribute-based encryption schemes do not consider hierarchical authorities and the weight of attribute. A hierarchical authority based weighted attribute encryption scheme is proposed. This scheme will introduce hierarchical authorities and the weight of attribute into the encryption scheme, so that the authorities have a hierarchical relationship and different attributes have different importance. At the same time, the introduction of the concept of weight makes this scheme more flexible in the cloud storage environment and enables fine-grained access control. In addition, this scheme implements an online/offline encryption mechanism to improve the security of stored data. Security proof and performance analysis show that the scheme is safe and effective, and it can resist collusion attacks by many malicious users and authorization centers. It is more suitable for cloud storage environments than other schemes.


Soils are naturally occurring materials that carry loads of civil engineering structures including roads and buildings. However, not all natural soils are suitable for such uses due to limited strength and instability under varying environmental conditions. A lack of adequate geotechnical investigations and soil characterization can result in the over-design of foundations, unexpected excavations to remove unsuitable soils, cost overruns, construction delays; and, contract disputes. In this research, an experimental plan was executed to determine the engineering properties of subgrade soil in Jimma Town in southwestern Ethiopia by using both disturbed and undisturbed soil samples. The plan included tests to determine the moisture content, specific gravity, grain-size analysis, Atterberg limits, compaction-density relationship, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), unconfined compression strength, and triaxial shear strength. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was also conducted to determine the chemical composition of the soil. The soil characterization indicated that soft clay is the predominant subgrade soil type and that it has a very low load-bearing capacity, high plasticity, low strength and, high compressibility, which makes the soil unsuitable to serve as a highway subgrade without the help of soil improvement techniques.


In addition to good thermal barrier properties, thermal barrier coating systems also have to have a long thermal barrier coating service life. The coating system according to the invention comprises a specially adapted layer sequence made up of metallic bonding layer, which consists of an NiCoCrAlX, inner ceramic layer and outer ceramic layer, at least 80% of which is made up of the pyrochlore phase Gd2Zr2O7 or Gd2Hf2O7.


This commentary on the contribution made by Kavaratzis and Ashworth (2005) examines the antecedents to which it responded, the key ideas that it offered at the time of publication, and assesses its lasting impact. There are three main sections. The first reflects upon the informal and improvised approaches that characterised place promotion, marketing and branding in the final decades of the twentieth century. The second surveys Kavaratzis and Ashworth's critical reflections on the existing theory and practice of city branding. The third section discusses their role in contributing a benchmark in scholarly discourse that reflected convergences with management science and policy relevance, but recognises that it was implicated in a broader meta‐narrative shaped by neoliberalist approaches and values.


We study the two-dimensional kinematics of the Hα-emitting gas in the nearby barred Scd galaxy NGC 6946, in order to determine the pattern speed of the primary m = 2 perturbation mode. The pattern speed is a crucial parameter for constraining the internal dynamics, estimating the impact velocities of the gravitational perturbation at the resonance radii, and setting up an evolutionary scenario for NGC 6946. Our data allow us to derive the best-fitting kinematic position angle and the geometry of the underlying gaseous disk, which we use to derive the pattern speed using the Tremaine-Weinberg method. We find a main pattern speed Ω = 22 km s-1 kpc-1, but our data clearly reveal the presence of an additional pattern speed Ω = 47 km s-1 kpc-1 in a zone within 1.25 kpc of the nucleus. Using the epicyclic approximation, we deduce the location of the resonance radii and confirm that inside the outer inner Lindblad resonance radius of the main oval, a primary bar has formed rotating at more than twice the outer pattern speed. We further confirm that a nuclear bar has formed inside the inner Lindblad resonance radius of the primary bar, coinciding with the inner inner Lindblad resonance radius of the large-scale m = 2 mode oval.


In this article we study a engraving from the workshop of flemish artist, Abraham van Diepenbeeck, who opened the engraver Mattheus Borrekens and published Martinus van den Enden the Elder, between the late 1640s and early 1650s. In the Courtland Institute of London is preserved a previus sketch of this engraving, which allows us to approach the analysis of the creative process of the engraving. In this engraving are expressed many of the doctrines that the Council of Trent established on the Eucharist is expressed, and at the same time, it tries to deal the position of Jansenism on the Sacramento and also it opposes to the idea of frequent Communion, idea that was defended among others the Jesuits.


Thickness accuracy of plate production depends on Automatic Gauge Control (AGC) in the plate mill area. A typical modern thickness control system design and implementation of a steel plate mill is discussed together with the im- pact on the design of process models, available measurements, available control actuators and material properties. A high- level software design approach provides the ability to make quick and accurate modifications to both control loops and tuning constants. Control loop strategies and theoretical concepts of steel plate rolling are discussed. Performance results achieved during the startup of a steel plate mill are included.


In order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and subtyping of pulmonary adenocarcinomas, immunohistochemical studies were carried out on 105 adenocarcinomas of the lung procured from both surgery and autopsy. Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex methods were used for identifying keratin, vimentin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and secretory component (SC) on deparaffinized tissue sections. Keratin was positive in 29% of well differentiated adenocarcinoma, significantly lower than in moderately or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Likely, vimentin was positive in 27% of well differentiated adenocarcinoma, significantly lower than in moderately or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. SC was positive in 66% of well differentiated adenocarcinoma, significantly higher than in moderately or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. In the subtyping of well differentiated adenocarcinomas, keratin showed higher positive results in the bronchial surface epithelial, goblet cell, and bronchial gland types than in the Clara cell or type II alveolar epithelial cell type. These findings suggest that immunoperoxidase stains for keratin, vimentin, and SC may be useful for determining the degree of differentiation of adenocarcinomas of the lung as well as for subtyping of well differentiated pulmonary adenocarcinomas.


This paper proposes a systematic approach to design a buried cross-country steel pipeline for oil transportation, based on limit states of the pipeline in operation. Yield and buckling due to primary loads and secondary loads are considered in the limit state design. A procedure to evaluate limit states in accordance with stress and strain criteria is proposed when the pipeline is applied with factored loads. The evaluated limits include the maximum stress limit for finite element analysis (FEA) with beam-elements and the equivalent stress and strain limit for FEA with 3D solid elements. The soil conditions along the pipeline are classified into three different types. Soil is represented by discrete bilinear springs for the beam-element pipeline model and represented by extended Drucker-Prager model for the 3D solid element model. The sensitivities of the limit states to the soil conditions and pipeline bend parameters were studied. Mitigation measures are taken to make the pipeline meet the proposed limit state evaluation criteria. The cost and constructibility are taken into account to expand the beam-element model to the 3D solid element model.


: The mounting increase in the technological complexity of modern engineering systems requires compound uncertainty quantification, from a quantitative and qualitative perspective. This paper presents a Compound Uncertainty Quantification and Aggregation (CUQA) framework to determine compound outputs along with a determination of the greatest uncertainty contribution via global sensitivity analysis. This was validated in two case studies: a bespoke heat exchanger test rig and a simulated turbofan engine. The results demonstrated the effective measurement of compound uncertainty and the individual impact on system reliability. Further work will derive methods to predict uncertainty in-service and the incorporation of the framework with more complex case studies.


I Plenary talks.- An adiabatic theorem without a gap condition.- Two-dimensional periodic Pauli operator. The effective masses at the lower edge of the spectrum.- Spectral problems in the theory of photonic crystals.- Optimal eigenvalues for some Laplacians and Schroedinger operators depending on curvature.- The spectral shift operator.- On the scattering operator for the Schroedinger equation with a time-dependent potential.- H_2-construction and some applications.- Scattering with time periodic potentials and cyclic states.- Some geometry related to decay properties of the resolvent of a class of symmetric operators.- On some asymptotic formulas in the strong localization regime of the theory of disordered systems.- Spectral measures and category.- Quantum dots. A survey of rigorous results.- II Session talks.- A simple model of concentrated nonlinearity.- Anomalous electron trapping by magnetic flux tubes and electric current vortices.- On the absolutely continuous energy distribution of a quantum mechanical system in a bounded domain.- Some aspects of generalized contact interaction in one-dimensional quantum mechanics.- Traces and trace norms for semigroup differences...- About a resolvent formula.- The determinant anomaly in low-dimensional quantum systems.- Linear Boltzmann equation as the weak coupling limit of the random Schroedinger equation.- Coexistence of different spectral types for almost periodic Schroedinger equations in dimension one.- Dynamical localization for random Schroedinger operators and an application to the almost Mathieu operator.- On fractal structure of the spectrum for periodic point perturbations of the Schroedinger operator with a uniform magnetic field.- A Weyl-Berry formula for the scattering operator associated to self-similar potentials on the line.- Localization and Lifshitz tails for random quantum waveguides.- Birman-Schwinger analysis for bound states in a pair of parallel quantum waveguides with a semitransparent boundary.- On the absolute continuity of spectra of periodic elliptic operators.- Hardy inequalities for magnetic Dirichlet forms.- Adiabatic curvature, chaos and the deformation of Riemann surfaces.- Operator interpretation of resonances arising in spectral problems for 2 x 2 matrix Hamiltonians.- On the operator-norm convergence of the Trotter-Kato product formula.- A particular case of the inverse problem for the Sturm-Liouville equation with parameter dependent potential.- One-dimensional Schroedinger operators with decaying potentials.- Stability of limiting absorption under singular perturbations.- Existence of averaging integrals for self-adjoint operators.- Monotonicity versus non-monotonicity in random operators.- A model in perturbation theory.- Band gap of the spectrum in periodically curved quantum waveguides.- A list of other talks.- A list of participants.


The pathophysiological concept of hypertension is still in debate since many factors are involved in the development of the disease. Stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension through its effect on adrenaline secretion and sympathetic tone. In the development of adrenoceptor concept some studies showed that presynaptic P.adrenoceptors are of (32 subtype. Since the evidence for noradrenaline activating presynaptic 13-adrenoceptors is mostly negative, the question arises whether presynaptic 13-adrenoceptors have a physiological activator. Many studies showed that adrenaline is suggested to be the putative activator through its role as cotransmitter. Since there was correlation between stress; and the increase in the concentration of plasma adrenaline and blood pressure, it is suggested that presynaptic fl-adrenoceptor has an important role in the development of hypertension. Key Words: adrenaline — cotransrnitter — hypertension — presynaptic B— adrenoceptors — sympathetic transmission


This paper examines appropriate protocols for high speed multiple access communication systems where the bandwidth is divided into two separate asymmetric channels. Both channels operate using slotted nonpersistent CSMA or CSMA/CD techniques. Free stations access the first channel while all retransmissions occur in the second channel. We define the stability regions and the rules for optimal bandwidth allocation among the two channels for improvement of the system performance in case of infinite population. Numerical results show that the optimal behaviour gives performance improvement as compared with the single channel system with the same capacity.


We explore options for device scaling beyond the conventional scaling path. We examine the role of the parasitic capacitance for determining the performance of future one-dimensional FETs. We also explore a possible device scaling path that focuses on aggressive scaling of the contacted gate pitch, which provides performance improvements at both the device and circuit level.


Objective:Dexmedetomidine (DEX; Precedex) is an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist that produces anxiolysis and sleep-like sedation without narcosis or respiratory depression and has relatively few cardiovascular side effects. Given its favorable sedative properties combined with its limited effects on hemodynamic and respiratory function, it is widely used in pediatric intensive care and anesthesia settings. Design:Case report. Setting:Pediatric intensive care unit. Patient:A three-yr-old girl was admitted after mitral valve replacement for persistent severe mitral insufficiency. Her prior history was significant for tetralogy of Fallot which was repaired at nine months of age. A year later the patient developed mitral and tricuspid valve insufficiency and subsequently underwent mitral and tricuspid valve repair, pulmonary valve replacement, and a maze procedure (the latter was performed for persistent atrial flutter). Following that operation she developed sinus node dysfunction and had a permanent epicardial dual-chamber pacemaker implanted. Due to remaining severe mitral insufficiency the patient had increasing pulmonary symptoms, necessitating the most recent surgery to replace her mitral valve. Interventions:On postoperative day two the patient was hemodynamically stable and weaning off mechanical ventilation. Tracheal extubation was anticipated to occur within the next 24 hrs. A DEX infusion of 0.6 mcg/kg/hr was initiated. A pacemaker interrogation performed on postoperative day three, 21 hrs after the initiation of DEX, revealed unsuccessful atrial capture. Measurements and Main Results:Dexmedetomidine was subsequently discontinued and the patient's pacemaker was reinterrogated. The interrogation findings were similar to those seen prior to the initiation of DEX. Conclusion:As a result of these findings, caution is warranted in the administration of DEX to patients with predisposing conduction abnormalities and patients who are pacemaker-dependent.


Rock is a nonhomogeneous material composed of one or more minerals. The structure and properties of internal mineral crystals have an impact on its macro-mechanical properties. Taking the Longmen Grottoes limestone as the research object, firstly, the mineral composition and macro-mechanical properties of the limestone are obtained, and through simulation and calculation of the crystal structure, chemical bond properties and elastic properties of minerals, this paper reveals how the mineral crystal structure and properties affect the macro-mechanical properties of the rock. Tests show that the main mineral components of the limestone in Longmen Grottoes are calcite and dolomite crystals. The uniaxial compression strength and elastic modulus of limestone with different calcite and dolomite contents are obviously different. From the study of crystal structure and chemical bond properties, it is learnt that the calcite and dolomite have similar crystal structures, but due to the difference of the chemical bond strength of Ca-O and Mg-O, the overall calcite crystal has a weaker chemical bond strength than the whole dolomite crystal. The First Principle simulation suggests a correlation between the overall crystal chemical bond strength and elastic modulus of the crystal. Therefore, studying the crystal structure and properties of minerals provides a significant research direction for revealing the mechanism of the macro-mechanical properties of rocks.


This paper aims to provoke thinking about the way people can use computers to learn, the way tutors or instructors can integrate them into their curriculum, and the consequences for the way that the computers themselves are laid out and timetabled. Our experience (Ryan, M., Wells, J., Freeman, A. and Hallam, G. 1996) led us to conclude that though computers radically modify the learning process, they do not replace the tutor. Instead, they change the way that tutor and student interact. By reflecting on the three-way interaction between students, tutors and computers we suggest a theory of the physical space that these occupy, and its consequences for classroom design.


Self-injurious behavior is deliberate harm to the body that may lead to factitious oral injuries. Management of patients with self-inflicted injury continues to be a challenge for the dental profession. The purpose of this article is to review clinical findings in a patient who presented with severe, painful gingival recession in the primary dentition. A case report of an 8-year-old girl with mental retardation is presented. The periodontal examination showed bilateral gingival recession of the mandibular canines and the mandibular first and second molars so severe that it was possible to clinically observe the exposed roots. The diagnosis of self-inflicted gingival lesions and self-injurious behavior was established. Although the lesions are no longer present, the self-injurious behavior persists. Psychologic support was suggested, and an oral removable appliance was fitted.


The aim of this article is to study the exposure to hazardous chemicals during the remediation activities in the industrial area of Venice. The activities relate to two main typologies: decommissioning of plants and remediation with scotics or excavation of polluted soils. With regard to the first pattern, the experience focuses on the decommissioning of 4 chemical and metallurgical plants occurring since 2010. Regarding the remediation of soils, the experience of 49 sites is reported, where 114 workers were employed, working 58.044 hours, and where 166.848 tons of waste were produced. This article describes in detail the data collected in regards to personal exposure to chemicals. The concentration in air of such toxic and carcinogenic chemicals during these operations were occasionally high, sometimes even dangerously exceeding the recommended limits. This experience demonstrates the potential hazard of these activities. For this reason a special effort in terms of health and safety implementation is necessary for both the industrial site operations and the Pubblic Health and Safety Authority.


Background: To assess the effectiveness of open thrombectomy in acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis. Methods: Between January 2012 and December 2016, a total of 37 patients underwent transfemoral venous thrombectomy in acute iliofemoral venous thrombosis. Six patients underwent a venous hybrid operation comprising ballon-catheter thrombectomy and stenting of residual stenosis of iliac veins. The control group consists of 24 patients who received standard anticoagulant therapy. The results were evaluated by duplex ultrasound. The assessment of clinical effectiveness was made with Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) and ClinicalEtiologic Anatomic Pathophysiologic (CEAP) classification. Results: Patency of iliofemoral segment at 6 months of monitoring after thrombectomy was reported in 92% of cases. Meanwhile, the recanalization of iliofemoral segment was registered only in 21% (5/24; X2=31, P=0.00001) of patients, who had anticoagulant therapy. Recanalization of femoropopliteal veins at 6 months after the thrombectomy was reported in 70% cases (23/33). The median preoperative VCSS was 7, which dropped to 2 at 6 months (P=0.002). The cumulative patency rate of iliofemoral veins at 36 months was 86%; 38% (8/21) of surgical patients had normal venous function of distal popliteal and tibial veins in conformity with the results of duplex scanning at three years. According to CEAP classification, 90% (19/21) of patients had no or mild symptoms of postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) after thrombectomy. Conclusion: In accordance with selective indications, open thrombectomy in iliofemoral venous thrombosis with using current methods of deep veins patency reconstruction increases the effectiveness of treatment of this severe pathology and prevent from progression of PTS.


Current avionic systems make extensive use of military specifications and standards but are based on dedicated implementations for individual avionic functions. The result is a proliferation of military devices, software and support environments that are expensive to develop, procure and support. Future systems will be based on integrated modular avionic concepts in which all functions are implemented on a common processing platform constructed from a standard set of hardware and software modules. The paper describes the approach being taken to optimise the application to future modular systems: an architecture based on standardised interfaces will allow modules to be based on commercial components and standards to achieve affordability and exploit rapid advances in commercial technology. At the same time, approaches are being developed to deal with COTS (commercial off-the-shelf) application problems such as short commercial time-scales and loss of control over specifications and standards.


Artemisinin and its derivatives are among the most effective antimalarial drugs used today. This study compared the effects of pre-treatment with vitamin C and folic acid on the hepatotoxic effect of artemisinin combination. Thirty male wistar rats randomly assigned to six groups of five rats each were used in the study. Group A was the normal control; groups B, C, D, E and F were placed on therapeutic doses of leonart, leonart+vitamin C, leonart + folic acid, vitamin C and folic acid respectively. They were pretreated with the respective supplements for 28 days while administration of leonart was carried out for four days starting from the 24 day of supplements administration. The rats were thereafter sacrificed by cervical dislocation after an overnight fasting. Serum prepared from the whole blood and homogenized liver were then used for analysis. The result indicates that leonart administration raised the level of malaondialdehyde, serum total, conjugated bilirubin and the activities of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). It however decreases the activities of liver catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) level. Combined administration of leonart with vitamin C restored these parameters to pretreatment levels. Neither separate nor combined administration of folic acid with leonart altered any of these parameters.


Over the past two decades, significant advancements in VLSI technologies (e.g. Moore's Law), Network Bandwidth, and Disk storage capacity have fueled an unprecedented integration of information technologies into the global economy. These advances have enabled the I/T (information technology) community to develop and deploy containerized and composable software stacks, while providing adequate performance to the end users. This model of driving high programmer-productivity with responsiveness in the I/T enterprises is based partly on software containerization, This model also depends significantly on obtaining high performance and robustness from the hardware and the operating systems autonomically. Because programmer-productivity and system responsiveness are key factors for the global economic growth, significant research and development efforts have been invested in continuing the innovations in hardware and operating systems. This talk will discuss the recent technological breakthroughs in VLSI technologies (i.e. high k dielectric) and in disk recording technologies (e.g. perpendicular recording). I will also discuss the impacts of the design decisions in processor designs advancements targeted for the four canonical usage segments, namely, HPC, Commercial computation, Games, and Embedded Systems. I will also speculate on future technological advances that may potentially impact system design.


Investigates the use of screen media and digital competencies of higher education students in light of the growing focus on new media and e-learning in Australian universities. Abstract The authors argue that there is a need to resist the commonplace utopian and dystopian discourses surrounding new media technological innovation, and approach the issue of its potential roles and limitations in higher education settings with due care. The article analyses survey data collected from first-year university students to consider what screen media they currently make use of, how frequently these media are interacted with, and in what settings and for what purposes they are used. The article considers what implications the digital practices and competencies of young adults have for pedagogical programs that aim to engage them in virtual environments.


The present research work was carried out in the Research laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow in winter season of the year 2019-20 and 2020-21, respectively to assess the effect of various substrates such as wheat straw and paddy straw in different treatments combination on yield of oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus florida). The experiment was laid out in completely randomized block design consisted of twelve treatments combination in each replication and replicated thrice. The pooled data of two years showed that the maximum number of sporophores (97.17), number of pinheads (169.50), yield of first harvest per bed (400.33 g), yield of second harvest per bed (360.17 g) and yield of third harvest per bed (142.52 g) was reported in treatment T 6 (wheat straw 80% + paddy straw 20%) while the minimum number of sporophore (85.00), number of pinhead (154.17), yield of first harvest per bed (351.98 g), yield of second harvest per bed (319.33 g) and yield of third harvest per bed (125.93 g) was reported in treatment T 2 (Paddy straw 100%). Thus, the different substrates used in treatments combination showed that the combination of Wheat straw (80%) + Paddy straw (20%) is best for the mushroom cultivation under Lucknow condition in terms of yield and economic returns and by cultivating mushroom crop income of marginalized sections of society can be improved.


Sensor networks introduce a new application domain and set of challenges in distributed computing including new network-level programming languages, global system abstractions, and general-purpose communication protocols. These challenges are brought about by the tight integration of computation, communication, and distributed real-time interaction with the physical world. With the growing interest in interconnecting different sensor networks across a wide-area communication infrastructure, an overarching challenge becomes one of arriving at an agreed-upon global sensor network architecture that ensures interoperability. Unlike the Internet, where a layered communication stack (namely, the TCP/IP stack) defines the network architecture, a sensor network architecture must unify not only communication interfaces but also programming interfaces, since network communication and computation functions are tightly intertwined. In that sense, the sensor network architecture refers to a layered stack of distributed computing abstractions. This paper presents an architecture and key considerations in designing and interconnecting local and global sensor networks. Candidate protocols and middleware instantiations are described from the authors' ongoing work that meet the discussed considerations


This licentiate thesis examines the development of internationalization of production in Kazakhstan and its economic implications over the period 1991-2010. The main objectives of the thesis are to investigate the role of foreign investment and TNCs in the economic growth of Kazakhstan since its independence in 1991 and onward, to explore the motives that foreign enterprises have for investing in Kazakhstan, and to understand how the internationalization of production affected the Kazakhstani economy during the period 1991-2010. In order to address these objectives, the thesis utilizes Dunning's eclectic paradigm to analyze the determinants of foreign investment in Kazakhstan. It also explores whether FDI in Kazakhstan is resource-seeking or market-seeking. The foreign investors are mainly interested in the extractive industries in Kazakhstan. In the period 1991-2010, on average 76 percent of the total FDI in the country was attracted to the primary sectors, mainly to oil and gas extraction, while the share of market-seeking investment was less than 3% of the total FDI inflow to Kazakhstan. The assessment of the Investment Development Path of Kazakhstan over the last two decades suggests that the level of development of the country may correspond to either stage II or III. The relatively high income level of Kazakhstan supports the conclusion that the country is entering stage III; however, the changes of inward and outward FDI in Kazakhstan, leading to increasingly negative NOI positions, characterize a country at stage II of the IDP. The second stage of the IDP is also characterized by significantly increasing inward FDI due to the development of some L-specific advantages that raise the country's attractiveness to TNCs. However, outward FDI remains very limited because the O-advantages of domestic firms are still weak. (Less)


The emergence of osteoimmunology has demonstrated that immune responses play a vital role in bone regeneration. Macrophages, as the most abundant immune cells have received increasing attention, however, the influences of bone substitute materials on macrophage activities are not fully understood. In this study, osteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics were chosen as a material model, and cultured with macrophages in vitro to investigate the effects of the material properties on immune responses and their roles in osteogenesis. The results show that a macrophage/BCP conditioned medium could promote BCP-stimulated differentiation of pre-osteoblasts by up-regulating expression of osteogenic specific genes and increasing matrix mineralization. Compared to the coverslips, macrophages cultured in BCP ceramics showed an increase in cell size, but a decrease in cell proliferation. Moreover, further studies indicated that BCP ceramics could reduce secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β, but increase production of IL-10 and growth factors in macrophages, which might act synergistically in creating a pro-osteogenic micro-environment. The up-regulated BMP-2 and TGF-β1 in macrophages might promote osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts via a Smad-related signaling pathway in a paracrine model. These findings might provide an improved understanding of the role of material-modulated macrophage activities in material-stimulated osteogenesis, and also help to design bone substitute materials capable of inspiring desired immune responses and achieving good clinic performance.


In efforts to explain how duplicate gene copies may rise to fixation in a population, previous models of new gene origination have underappreciated the importance of the 3D genome in this process. We show that proximity-based regulatory recruitment in distally duplicated genes, i.e. enhancer capture, is an efficient mechanism for accommodation of new selective conditions. By performing a co-expression analysis on D. melanogaster tissue data and comparing essential to non-essential genes that have newly evolved, we show that enhancer capture is a significant driver of new gene evolution in distally duplicated genes. The new essential gene, HP6/Umbrea, is used as a model for understanding enhancer capture, as it evolved via a full duplication of the parental gene, its subsequent protein evolution is known, and it duplicated into a gene-poor region of the genome. HP6/Umbrea's expression pattern divergence from its parental gene, HP1b, as well as its high co-expression with neighboring genes suggest that it evolved via enhancer capture. ChIP-Seq data shows the presence of active enhancer marks appearing near HP6/Umbrea coinciding with onset of its expression which likely regulates HP6/Umbrea, its neighboring gene, as well as a distally located 6-gene cluster also found co-express with HP6/Umbrea. We find that these three loci, the putative enhancer, HP6/Umbrea, and the 6-gene cluster are in close physical proximity in the 3-D genome of D. melanogaster. Finally, we compare Hi-C data from two species with HP6/Umbrea, D. melanogaster and D. yakuba, to two species pre-dating HP6/Umbrea's insertion, D. pseudoobscura and D. miranda, showing that co-regulation of these same elements is the ancestral state and thus that HP6/Umbrea evolved via enhancer capture. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Comprehensive analyses of new gene evolution across many clades have shown that the vast majority of new genes evolve via duplication-based methods, even in species with large population sizes. A few models have offered explanations for this seemingly paradoxical behavior, with the most commonly accepted ones being the duplication-divergence-complementation (DDC), escape-from-adaptive-conflict (EAC), and innovation-amplification-divergence (IAD) models. In this manuscript, we propose the enhancer-capture-divergence model of new duplicate gene evolution, where the rapid recombination of pre-existing protein-coding and regulatory elements offers the most efficient and evolvable path for modulating the protein production of an older gene. Subsequent to the fixation of this new variant, selection pressures are relaxed, e.g. through an environmental shift or the appearance of compensatory mutations elsewhere in the genome, allowing the new gene copy to begin to diverge in protein function. We provide genome-wide evidence for the enhancer-capture-divergence model using knock-down and expression data in D. melanogaster, while identifying the new essential gene HP6/Umbrea, a paralog of HP1b, as a model gene candidate for enhancer-capture-divergence.


Classification and sorting of cells using image-activated cell sorting (IACS) systems can bring significant insight to biomedical sciences. Incorporating deep learning algorithms into IACS enables cell classification and isolation based on complex and human-vision uninterpretable morphological features within a heterogeneous cell population. However, the limited capabilities and complicated implementation of deep learning-assisted IACS systems reported to date hinder the adoption of the systems for a wide range of biomedical research. Here, we present image-activated cell sorting by applying fast deep learning algorithms to conduct cell sorting without labeling. The overall sorting latency, including signal processing and AI inferencing, is less than 3 ms, and the training time for the deep learning model is less than 30 min with a training dataset of 20,000 images. Both values set the record for IACS with sorting by AI inference. . We demonstrated our system performance through a 2-part polystyrene beads sorting experiment with 96.6% sorting purity, and a 3-part human leukocytes sorting experiment with 89.05% sorting purity for monocytes, 92.00% sorting purity for lymphocytes, and 98.24% sorting purity for granulocytes. The above performance was achieved with simple hardware containing only 1 FPGA, 1 PC and GPU, as a result of an optimized custom CNN UNet and efficient use of computing power. The system provides a compact, sterile, low-cost, label-free, and low-latency cell sorting solution based on real-time AI inferencing and fast training of the deep learning model.


Background Pathophysiological links between inflammation, obesity, and adipokines can be used for the treatment of metabolic dysregulation. Aims To examine the influence of duodenal-jejunal omega switch surgery in combination with different diet patterns on plasma concentrations of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, and chemerin. Methods After 8 weeks on a high-fat diet (HF) or control diet (CD), rats underwent surgery. Duodenal-jejunal omega switch (DJOS) with an exclusion of one-third of intestinal length and SHAM surgery were performed. For the next 8 weeks, 50% of DJOS/SHAM animals were kept on the same diet as before (HF/DJOS/HF, HF/SHAM/HF, CD/DJOS/CD, and CD/SHAM/CD), and 50% had a changed diet (HF/DJOS/CD, HF/SHAM/CD, CD/DJOS/HF, and CD/SHAM/HF). FABP4, CRP, leptin, and chemerin were assessed using ELISA kits. Results FABP4: significant differences between DJOS and SHAM were observed in animals maintained on CD/CD; CRP: varied between DJOS and SHAM groups maintained on HF/HF, CD/CD, and CD/HF; leptin and chemerin levels: DJOS lowered leptin and chemerin plasma levels versus SHAM, while HF/HF, CD/HF, and HF/CD significantly increased leptin and chemerin plasma levels when compared to CD/CD. Conclusions The beneficial effect of DJOS surgery is stronger than proinflammatory conditions caused by an HF obesogenic diet.


Simulation of building evacuations can be a powerful tool for predicting evacuation outcomes, but for this prediction to be useful it must be produced in a timely manner. The building evacuation outcomes are dependent on the movement decisions of the occupants, but simulating all possible combinations of occupant decisions is infeasible. Our contribution is a novel technique using building structure knowledge in the form of a Network Flow Graph to determine where and when occupants might interact with one another. We decompose the problem into non-interacting groups, to be simulated separately, which leads to a significant simulation workload reduction.


HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS
After returning to his native Germany from a holiday in the Philippines a 37-year-old man was admitted because of high fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis and conjunctivitis, transient skin rash, nausea and vomiting, leukocytosis with shift to the left, atypical lymphocytes, as well as increased transaminases, LDH and cholestasis-indicating enzymes.

INVESTIGATIONS
Stool, sputum and urine cultures were negative. The chest radiogram showed bilateral mild interstitial infiltration. Antibody titres against Rickettsia tsutsugamushi were markedly raised (IgG 1:128, IgM 1:2048).

DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND COURSE
Empirical antibiotic treatment with ciprofloxacin (200 mg twice daily intravenously) had no effect. As the mild signs of interstitial pneumonia progressed, clarithromycin (500 mg twice daily orally) was substituted with rapid fall in fever and gradual improvement. Tsutsugamushi infection was diagnosed serologically and the antibiotic changed to doxycycline (100 mg twice daily orally), continued for 14 days. Full remission occurred.

CONCLUSIONS
Tsutsugamushi fever should be included in the differential diagnosis if, in addition to a history of a visit to an endemic area, there is the clinical triad of skin necrosis at the site of a mite bite, regional lymphadenopathy and skin rash (in this case, no skin lesion). The infection can be lethal without adequate treatment. Tetracyclines and possibly also macrolide antibiotics are effective against the causative organism.


The content of the first international classifications of mental health and developmental disorders of infancy and early childhood (DC:0-3 and DC:0-3R) is described. Both classifications are made as multiaxial systems and include the following axes of pschopathological diagnosis, abnormal relations, concomitant somatoneurological disturbances and developmental disorders as well as axes of psychosocial stressors and emotional and social functioning. Short descriptions of each axis with the focus at the axis of clinical disorders (DC:0-3R) are shown. This axis consists of 7 diagnostic items: 1) posttraumatic stress disorder and deprivation/maltreatment disorder); 2) disorders of affect, 3) adjustment disorders; 4) regulatory disorders of sensory processing; 5) sleep behavior disorders; 6) feeding behavior disorders; 7) disorders of relating and communication. Clinical parallels with the diagnosis of psychopathology of early age accepted by Russian specialists are analyzed.


We consider modeling and forecasting large realized covariance matrices by penalized vector autoregressive models. We consider Lasso-type estimators to reduce the dimensionality and provide strong theoretical guarantees on the forecast capability of our procedure. We show that we can forecast realized covariance matrices almost as precisely as if we had known the true driving dynamics of these in advance. We next investigate the sources of these driving dynamics as well as the performance of the proposed models for forecasting the realized covariance matrices of the 30 Dow Jones stocks. We find that the dynamics are not stable as the data are aggregated from the daily to lower frequencies. Furthermore, we are able beat our benchmark by a wide margin. Finally, we investigate the economic value of our forecasts in a portfolio selection exercise and find that in certain cases an investor is willing to pay a considerable amount in order get access to our forecasts. This supplement contains additional empirical results as well as the proofs for all theoretical results in the paper.


Objective To evaluate the incidence and safety of clinical complications associated with percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for the treatment of recurrent lumbar disc herniation (RLDH) by meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science electronic databases were searched for clinical studies on complications related to the treatment of RLDH with PELD. The search time extended from the databases' inception until May 2021. RevMan5.4 software was used for meta-analysis after two researchers independently scanned the literature, gathered data, and assessed the bias risk of the included studies. Results A total of 8 clinical studies, including 1 randomized controlled trial and 7 cohort studies including 906 individuals, were included. According to the results of the meta-analysis, the overall complications (OR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.04-0.83, p = 0.03) and dural tear rates (OR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.01-0.92, p = 0.04) of PELD were lower than those of traditional fenestration nucleus pulposus removal. Moreover, the PELD group had a greater recurrence rate compared to the MIS-TLIF group (OR = 19.71, 95% CI: 3.68-105.62, p = 0.0005), and the difference was statistically significant. However, compared with MED and MIS-TLIF, there were no significant differences in the incidence of overall complications, dural tear, nerve root injury, and incomplete nucleus pulposus removal (P > 0.05). Conclusion PELD is an effective and safe method for the treatment of recurrent lumbar disc herniation, with a lower incidence of complications and higher safety profile than traditional fenestration nucleus pulposus removal.


We report the case of a young man who developed acute renal failure after ingestion of cocaine wrapped in foil. We did not find either clinical or clear biochemical signs of rhabdomyolysis. The possible role of high blood cocaine level in the development of acute renal failure has been speculated and a direct vasoconstrictive effect on renal vessels followed by acute tubular necrosis has been hypothesized.


The similarities between patients with untreated growth hormone (GH) deficiency and those with the cardiometabolic syndrome and the beneficial effects of recombinant human GH (rhGH) on body composition have led to the hypothesis that rhGH treatment may have utility in obesity. GH release is reduced in the setting of obesity, primarily due to hyperinsulinism and increased free fatty acid levels. We reviewed the outcomes of 23 clinical studies carried out between 1987 and 2006 that examined the effects of rhGH administration in the obese state. Typically, changes in overall body weight do not occur with rhGH therapy; however, assessment of body composition demonstrates reductions in visceral abdominal fat. Data on the effects of rhGH on lipid and carbohydrate metabolic profiles in obese patients are less clear-cut, with a subset of studies showing a beneficial effect and others a neutral effect. Given the increasing burden of obesity in the general population and the current paucity of effective therapies, it is useful to consider the data on rhGH and obesity from a clinical perspective to highlight potential treatment strategies that harness the somatotropic axis.


The LHCb experiment at CERN has a large number of custom electronics boards performing high-speed data-processing. As in any large experiment the control and monitoring of these crate-mounted boards must be integrated into the overall control-system. Traditionally this has been done by using buses on the back-plane of the crates, such as VME. LHCb has chosen to equip every board with an embedded micro-controller and connecting them in a large Local Area Network. The intelligence of these devices allows complex (soft) real-time control and monitoring, required for modern field programmable gate array (FPGA) driven electronics. Moreover, each board has its own, isolated control access path, which increases the robustness of the entire system. The system is now in pre-production at several sites and will go into full production during next year. The hardware and software will be discussed and experience from the R&D and pre-production will be reviewed, with an emphasis on the advantages and difficulties of this approach to board-control.


Unemployment is the most significant influence on the levels of psychological distress of young adults. Unlike the situation for the adult population, social class and income are not contributory factors. Social class of origin, however, does have a contributory effect. Feelings of lack of control and attribution of responsibility for employment solely to structural or political factors increase the impact of unemployment. Evidence in relation to employment commitment does not support "culture of poverty" type explanations. Unemployed youth appear to be "people with a problem" rather than "problem people".


A wide-range active and reactive power flow controller is designed to operate the inverter in pure leading, pure lagging, and the mix with active and reactive power conditions. The key to achieving lagging power flow control is to ensure sufficiently high enough DC bus voltage to avoid duty cycle saturation. The key to achieving precision power flow control for a wide range of power level is to adopt the quasi-proportional resonant controller for the current loop and the admittance compensator to cancel the grid-voltage-induced negative power flow. In this paper, the current loop transfer function has been systematically derived for the controller design purpose. Phasor analysis was adopted to explain the need of dc bus voltage requirement. A 5-kVA grid-tie fuel cell inverter was used as the platform to show current loop controller design and admittance compensation. The proposed controller has been simulated, and the same parameters have been used for a DSP-based controller. Both simulation and hardware experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis.


Caenorhabditis elegans is a microscopic nematode used extensively as a model organ- ism in studies of neuromuscular function and neurodegenerative disorders. A mutation in mir-1 affects signalling at the neuromuscular junction. We investigate the effect of this mutation on the propulsive power exerted by nematodes as they grow in size with age. We compare the motility of wild-type and mir-1(gk276) mutant nematodes in a Newto- nian fluid using a two-component, two dimensional (2C-2D) Digital Microscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (μ-PIV) technique. Beating amplitudes of the head and tail, the wave- length of undulatory waves and the swimming speed scale linearly with size in both the wild-type and mutant strains. The beating frequency is independent of size or position along the body. Differences in the magnitudes of these kinematic parameters between the two strains, however, grow systematically with age. The swimming speed scales linearly with the wave speed of the neuromuscular undulation in both nematode strains with a conserved ratio. The magnitude of mean power and mean local fluid circulation in the mutant is significantly lower compared to those of the wild-type animals of the same age. This indicates that a mutation in mir-1 adversely affects motility in C. elegans.


F ood spending in the United States rose to $647 billion in 1994, a 5.3-percent increase over 1993 (table 1). Expenditures for eating out (food away from home) led the way, rising 6.1 percent to $303.2 billion. Retail food expenditures (food at home) rose 4.6 percent to $343.7 billion. Adjusted for inflation, however, total food spending rose 2.6 percent in 1994--up 1.0 percent for food at home and up 4.3 percent for food away from home. Personal food spending increased less than that for most other major categories of personal consumption since the 1990-91 recession, as is typical. Personal food spending differs from total food spending because it excludes expenditures by governments and businesses. Personal expenditures for all food rose 5.7 percent in 1994, while spending on transportation, cars, and gasoline went up 6.7 percent, and medical care and drugs increased 6.6 percent (table 2). Of the 5.7-percent increase for all personal food expenditures in 1994, there was a 7.4-percent growth in away-from-home food expenses compared with only a 4.7-percent increase in expenditures for food at home. In 1994, only 11.4 percent of disposable personal income of households was spent on food-6.8 percent went to food at home and 4.5 percent to food away from home. That compares with 12.4 percent of disposable personal income going to food in 1984. About 25 percent of disposable personal income in 1994 was spent on housing (including supplies, fuel, and furniture), 16 percent on medical care and drugs, 11 percent on transportation (including cars and gasoline), and only 4 percent was allocated to savings. Once adjusted for inflation and population growth, total food spending per person fell 0.9 percent in 1994 (fig. 1). But the trend toward eating out more continues, with a 3.2-percent increase partially offsetting a 4.3-percent decrease in food at home to soften the decline in per capita real food spending.


Communities of practice has emerged as a challenger to previous sociolinguistic models such as speech communities and social networks. The valorization of non-linguistic behaviours as adding further explanatory power to sociolinguistic models is timely. However, the types of self-constituting communities of interest to sociolinguists are not the same as the communities of learning studied by Lave & Wenger (1991) and Wenger (1998). If this model is to become dominant, then the mechanisms by which it models access, gate-keeping and its internal hierarchy need development. Using Eckert's (1999) Belten High data, and other work on adolescent talk, it is argued that gaining legitimate peripheral participation is a matter of sanction from within the hierarchy. Individuals do not have open access to the communities based solely on their desire to be part of that community and to take part in its practices. While practices may define the community, the community determines who has access to that practice. (Community of practice, speech community, social networks, adolescents, nerds)


Economically important oilseed crop peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. TVM-2) belonging to the family Fabaceae was selected for the present investigation. Field experiments were conducted to identify the variation under drought stress, paclobutrazol, and abscisic acid, and their combination on the growth of peanut plants. Drought stress decreased the morphological parameters like root length, stem length, total leaf area, fresh and dry weight on 40, 60 and 80 days after sowing (DAS) when compared to control. The paclobutrazol (PBZ) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment to the drought stressed plants increased all the parameters when compared to drought stressed plants. PBZ treatment increased the root length when compared to control, while decreased the stem length and leaf area. ABA treated plants decreased root length, while increasing the stem length and leaf area when compared to control. Fresh and dry weight decreased in drought stressed plants when compared to control. PBZ and ABA to the drought stressed plants increased the fresh and dry weight. PBZ and ABA treatments decreased the fresh and dry weight when compared in the unstressed plants..


Activity-based management (ABM) is a management process that focuses on improving costs and outcomes. It derives useful information based on the way people think (their activities) rather than traditional expense categories. ABM supports outcomes, quality, teams, re-engineering, empowerment, and continuous improvement. It is a process that providers may want to adopt in light of new Medicare reimbursement practices.


ABSTRACT This exploratory article examines the role of the meal experience in the context of the postmodern conditions of marketing as well as customer value emergence and suggests a novel perspective on the commercial meal experience as being customer based. It focuses on how value is idiosyncratically formed, for the customer, based on what the customer experiences. The article draws attention to the need of changing perspectives from the producer to the customer to gain understanding on how value emerges for the customer within the commercial meal experience. It also presents the need for a dynamic understanding of the meal experience and argues that the current paradigm of understanding the meal is lacking due to it being an a priori construct.


The relationship between hand preference and duration of sleep was assessed in 40 healthy subjects using self-report estimates, sleep diaries, and wrist activity monitors during an uncontrolled 7-day at-home phase and during a controlled overnight stay in a sleep laboratory. Handedness was unrelated to any index of sleep duration when assessed in the unregulated home environment. In the controlled environment of the laboratory, however, greater right-hand dominance was positively correlated with more minutes of obtained sleep and greater sleep efficiency. Findings were consistent with previous reports which suggest measures of brain lateralization may be related to sleep and health but further suggest that these relationships may be easily obscured by extraneous environmental factors when assessed in an uncontrolled setting.


3553 Hsp27 is a cytoprotective chaperone that is over-expressed in a wide range of malignancies and is associated with poor prognosis and therapeutic resistance. OGX-427, a selective inhibitor of Hsp27 expression has recently entered Phase I clinical trials for treatment of patients with prostate, breast, ovarian and lung cancers. Here we show that Hsp27 blockade selectively inhibits growth of cancer cells with an activated PI3K pathway and the Hsp27 chaperone is required for Akt stability and activity that, in turn, regulates phosphorylation and function of PEA-15. Hsp27 induces dual coordinated effects resulting in protection from Fas-induced apoptosis and promotion of cell proliferation through regulation of PEA-15 phosphorylation and function in an Akt dependent manner. Hsp27 overexpression induced activation of Akt and increased phosphorylation of its downstream target PEA15 resulting in enhanced ERK translocation to nucleus and increased Elk-1 activity which correlated with increased cyclin D1 and CDK2 expression with a concomitant decrease in p27kip1 expression and increased cell proliferation. Furthermore, Hsp27 overexpression also led to increased association of PEA-15 with FADD and decreased sensitivity of cells to Fas-induced apoptosis . Conversely, Hsp27 knockdown led to reduced Akt activity and decreased phosphorylation of PEA-15 leading to reduced association of PEA-15 with FADD and increased sensitivity of cells to Fas induced apoptosis. Significantly, siRNA mediated Hsp27 knockdown in a panel of cell lines and in PTEN Tet-ON LNCaP cells that express PTEN in a doxycycline inducible manner demonstrated selective inhibition of growth of cancer cells that have an activated PI3K pathway. Collectively, these data identify a dual role of Hsp27 in regulating cell proliferation and Fas-induced apoptosis through regulation of Akt and PEA-15 and suggest that improved clinical responsiveness to Hsp27 targeted therapy may be achieved by stratifying patient populations based on the dependence of cancer cells on the PI3K pathway.


The article presents the comparison testing of particle trajectories in the pneumatic separation channel (PSC) of the pneumatic seed separator SP-2F and its bend, calculated using computer simulation method and two experimental-theoretical methods. They are based on taking into account the real airflow velocity field. In the first variant, the velocity field was measured in an idle mode, in the second at the nominal grain load. The studies were carried out in a vertical PSC with a supporting grid divided into two parts by a partition wall. In the variant with the theoretical velocity field the trajectories of light and grain impurities in the first part of the PSC are shifted closer to the outer wall. In the second part of the channel, particles with hovering speed of 8.0...10.0 m/s are carried upwards, and with hovering speed of 11.0 m/s they fall down into the purified material. In the variant of the experiment in an idle mode, particles with the hovering speed of 7.0...10.0 m/s rise up in the second part of the PSC. In the variant with grain load, particles with the hovering speed of 7.0...9.0 m/s rise upward and ricochet off the inner walls of the PSC and a bend wall, and particles with the hovering speed of more than 10.0 m/s fall down into the purified material. In the variant of the experiment with the grain load, the particle velocity with the hovering speed of 5.0...9.0 m/s at the exit of the PSC bend is more evened as compared to other options - 2.3...2.7 m/s, and the velocity vector of most particles is directed at a lower angle to the horizontal: from 4 up from the horizontal to 17 down from the horizontal. The most accurate is the calculation of particle trajectories using the velocity field in the PSC at the nominal grain load. The results of the study can be useful in the theoretical substantiation of the design parameters of pneumatic systems of grain cleaning machines.


The authors adopt the Unmanned Undersea Vehicle(UUV), which has taken the shape of manta(Sohn et al. 2006). They call here it Manta-type Unmanned Undersea Test Vehicle(MUUTV). MUUTV is designed with the similar concept of UUV called Manta Test Vehicle(MTV), which was originally built by the Naval Undersea Warfare Center, USA(Lisiewicz and French 2000, Sirmalis et al. 2001, U.S. Navy 2004). The present study deals with evaluation of extreme motion of MUUTV at large attack angles. Extreme motion contains, for example, rising and depth change due to operation of hovering thrusters attached to MUUTV, lateral motion due to ocean current applied to MUUTV at low advance velocity, and so on. Numerical simulation technique has been utilized. The previous mathematical model on manoeuvring motion of MUUTV(Bae et al. 2009a) is basically adopted. Based on the results of present model experiment on extreme motion, the mathematical model is revised and supplemented in order to describe extreme motion. The hydrodynamic derivatives related to extreme motion are obtained from present model experiment and the other derivatives are referred to previous work(Bae et al. 2009a).


A middle aged female patient presented to our Gynaec OPD with acute onset of virilising symptoms and vague abdominal pain. The patient's biochemical values were normal except for a raised serum testosterone level and a raised CA125 level. Ultrasound and Computed tomography revealed an ovarian mass with mild ascites that appeared to be a yellowish solid ovarian tumour on gross examination. Microscopic examination showed a neoplasm composed of medium sized cells with clear cytoplasm and some with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The diagnosis of Benign steroid cell tumour of ovary, not otherwise specified (NOS-type) was made. The case is presented for its rarity.


ABSTRACT The new millennium experienced a transformation in the economy, moving from conservative finance institutions to online platforms, such as the Peer-to-Peer [P2P] lending websites. While these platforms gained much interest, they compose a minor share of the private lending sector. Our main interest is to assess perceptions and public attitudes about the perceived risks of lending money through the internet and using P2P lending platform. We conducted a representative survey among 1,108 Israelis, among them 4% (47) who were or are active on P2P lending platforms. The results indicate that the public is ambivalent towards these platforms. On the one hand, respondents felt the platforms are suitable for modern life and offer a form of competition to the conservative banking system; on the other hand, they expressed concern about risks to privacy, risks relating to having loans paid back, and an overall lack of understanding regarding how the platforms work. We found differences between users based on their activity on the platform, gender, income and personality characteristics. In the discussion, we connect these results to the need of the platforms to gain cognitive and socio-political legitimacy.