Seaweeds have an extremely numerous of species in the world and been able to be divided into several developmental systems. Broadly, three types of seaweeds can be defined according to their color: brown seaweeds, green seaweeds, and red seaweeds. Thousands of years ago, mankind used seaweeds as food and medicine. Seaweed extracts are gaining increasing attention due to their unique composition and the potential for widespread use in industry. A variety of novel (green) extraction techniques have been devised for converting seaweed biomass into seaweed extracts, such as enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), which are capable of extracting seaweeds' biologically active compounds without causing degradation. Seaweed extracts contain compounds, such as carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, oils, fats, and polyunsaturated fatty acids and abundant bioactive compounds, such as antioxidants, pigments, and sulfated seaweed polysaccharides (SWP), as well as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, antitumor, antiviral, and hypolipidemic effect. The purpose of this article is to describe the antioxidant activity of SWP of brown seaweeds,


This paper deals with some ways of carrying out an analysis of a flood event using the KINFIL hydrological model on small catchments where both land use and management play a significant role, and where these human activities can influence design discharges. The combination of GIS techniques with the KINFIL model, which is conceived on physically based infiltration approach and on a kinematic wave transformation of direct runoff, provides a tool for analysing historical rainfall-runoff events, for assessing design discharges, and for simulating some hypothetical flood scenarios. KINFIL is a complex model using the correspondence of Curve Number (CN) with soil parameters and the correspondence of kinematic wave transformation with the physiographical parameters of the Vseminka catchment in Eastern Moravia (Czech Republic), which was used in the tests. Two versions of the KINFIL model (KINFIL1, KINFIL2) were implemented. The infiltration part of the model is the same in both versions. KINFIL 1 assumes a more schematic geometrization of the catchment topography, distributing the catchment area to a V-shaped form in which a main channel collects direct runoff from both side planes or segments. This is not fully in accord with the topography of the sub-catchment. KINFIL 2 is a more sophisticated version, where the topography is GIS-organized, taking fully into account the river network and its corresponding sub-catchment division. The latter version is geographically (and also physically) better based, and the results of the simulation of the July 1997 flood waves in the Vseminka experimental catchment fit better with the observed waves. All the topographical and morphological data were analysed and prepared for the KINFIL model (particularly for the KINFIL 2 version), using GIS facilities. Thus the KINFIL 2 version can be applied in future for design discharge assessment when simulating scenarios of various land uses expressing the model parameters.


The management of the abdominal compartiment syndrome is still a controversial point nowadays. Its early diagnosis and treatment constitute a challenge for surgeons and physicians at the intensive care unit who have to face these cases . The physiopathologic changes that can occur can lead to the patients death, constituting pulmonary thromboembolism and multiorgan failure the principal causes of death. This paper presents the principal clinical parameters and technical procedures for its diagnosis and treatment with the aim of diminishing its morbi-mortality raits in our hospitals.


The article presents a comparative analysis of the cytokine network in 161 patients with pertussis under the age of 1 year and in 180 patients over the age of 1 year. The studies revealed lower production of immunoregulatory cytokines (interferon-γ and interleukin-2) in patients under the age of 1 year at all stages of the disease and with all variants of pertussis (both mono- and mixed infections). The researchers revealed the relationship between the level of interferon-γ production and the severity of pertussis. They revealed age differences in the interferon-8 production in patients with mixed infection, which can determine clinical features and cause bronchopulmonary complications. The authors demonstrated the features of the dynamics of spontaneous and induced production of interleukin-6 and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-4, interleukin-10) in children under the age of 1 year; these features can be considered as immunological markers determining the imperfection of the humoral response in patients with pertussis in this age group.


Abstract An analysis of regression modeling which influenced by the characteristics of the region is very important, that modeling is the spatial autoregressive model. One type of regression model is a Spatial Regression, which performs a lag effect of the independent variables. This research will determine the factors that affect the incident of malnutrition toddlers in East Java Province using Spatial Regression, model was developed because the dependencies in the spatial relationships on the independent variables. The data is used the value of malnutrition toddlers 38 districts and city in the province of East Java, there were a spatial autocorrelation on malnutrition toddlers and the factors variable that influence it. The results of spatial regression showed that the lag in the independent variables significantly affected, these lag independent variables were source of the percentage of babies received vitamin A, the mother got a Tablet Fe, examination of neonates (KN1). Keywords : malnutrition, regression spatial.


Agricultural fields are an important anthropogenic source of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO). Although many field studies have tested the effectiveness of possible mitigation options on N2O and NO emissions, the effectiveness of each option varies across sites due to environmental factors and field management. To combine these results and evaluate the overall effectiveness of enhanced‐efficiency fertilizers [i.e., nitrification inhibitors (NIs), polymer‐coated fertilizers (PCFs), and urease inhibitors (UIs)] on N2O and NO emissions, we performed a meta‐analysis using field experiment data (113 datasets from 35 studies) published in peer‐reviewed journals through 2008. The results indicated that NIs significantly reduced N2O emissions (mean: −38%, 95% confidential interval: −44% to −31%) compared with those of conventional fertilizers. PCFs also significantly reduced N2O emissions (−35%, −58% to −14%), whereas UIs were not effective in reducing N2O. NIs and PCFs also significantly reduced NO (−46%, −65% to −35%; −40%, −76% to −10%, respectively). The effectiveness of NIs was relatively consistent across the various types of inhibitors and land uses. However, the effect of PCFs showed contrasting results across soil and land‐use type: they were significantly effective for imperfectly drained Gleysol grassland (−77%, −88% to −58%), but were ineffective for well‐drained Andosol upland fields. Because available data for PCFs were dominated by certain regions and soil types, additional data are needed to evaluate their effectiveness more reliably. NIs were effective in reducing N2O emission from both chemical and organic fertilizers. Moreover, the consistent effect of NIs indicates that they are potent mitigation options for N2O and NO emissions.


The rising survival rate for early-stage breast cancer in the United States has created an expanding population of women in remission at risk for distant recurrence, with metastatic spread to the brain demonstrating an especially poor prognosis. The current standard of care for breast cancer brain metastases is not well defined or differentiated from the treatment of brain metastases from other primary sites. Here, we present tissue-engineered models of the primary and brain metastatic breast cancer microenvironments informed by analysis of patient tumor resections. We find that metastatic resections demonstrate distinct cellular and matrix components compared with primary resections or non-cancerous controls. Using our model systems, we find that the observed deposition of collagen I after metastasis to the brain may enhance breast cancer invasion. Future optimization of these models will present a novel platform to examine tumor-stroma interactions and screen therapeutics for the management of metastatic breast cancer.


A 16 year-old boy with monosomy 20p was studied. The clinical and radiological data compared with those from the three previously reported cases, permit the delineation of a distinct syndrome of low birthweight, flat face, low nasal bridge, long philtrum, short neck, small overfolded ears, chest deformity, kyphoscoliosis, congenital heart defect, hypoplastic or absent ribs and rachischisis (butterfly-shaped vertebral bodies). The critical chromosome segment causing this syndrome is tentatively defined as 20p13.


Carbohydrates play an important role in blood glucose control in pregnant women with GDM. Carbohydrate-restricted dietary (CRD) pattern for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been widely used in clinics, but the change in insulin utilization rate beyond CRD intervention in GDM remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore the application of insulin in pregnancy with GDM, as well as the influence of CRD pattern on lipid metabolism and nutritional state. A retrospective study of 265 women with GDM who delivered in Peking University People's Hospital from July 2018 to January 2020 was conducted using a questionnaire survey. Women were divided into a CRD group or a control group according to whether they had received CRD intervention during pregnancy. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of insulin therapy between the two groups (p > 0.05), the initial gestational week of the CRD group combined with insulin treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05), and the risk of insulin therapy was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in early pregnancy (p < 0.05). The incidence of abnormal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the CRD group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in nutritional indexes between the two groups. The results indicate that CRD intervention may be effective in delaying the use of insulin and improving the blood lipids metabolism during GDM pregnancy, while nutritional status may not be significantly affected under CRD intervention, and a high FPG in early pregnancy with GDM may be a risk factor for combined insulin therapy with CRD intervention.


Unusual variants of mycosis fungoides (MF) differ substantially from the classical presentation, and most of them resemble other dermatologic diseases. The authors reviewed files of patients with MF who consulted our clinic between November 1995 and June 2010 to evaluate the relative frequency and clinical behavior of these variants. Among 98 patients with MF, 32 (32.65%) had unusual variants. The most common types included follicular MF (31.25%), hypopigmented MF (18.75%), poiquilodermic MF (15.6%), and erythrodermic MF (12.5%). Less common variants included unilesional MF, bullosa MF, ichthyosiform MF, granulomatous slack skin, and pigmented purpura-like MF. Progressive disease and MF-related death were most commonly associated with follicular MF, bullosa MF, and erythrodermic MF.


The concept of graphicality first appeared in the work of Edgar Allan Poe. Taking its title from Poe's painterly metaphor, this paper seeks to understand how graphicality may inform aspects of design thinking that have been neglected. We explore the current use, origins and aspects of graphicality, and contextualise it in some real world scenarios to reaffirm how we live in a graphic age, and how graphicality must be better understood in the way we comprehend other displays of human ability, such as musicality. Poe provides us with a starting point for relating the physical and mental domains of image interpretation. Graphicality is shown to work on a continuum between subjectivity and objectivity, not as something to be measured but appreciated in how it enhances understanding and knowledge. This has implications for many academic disciplines, specifically in how it enhances our appreciation of the graphic in graphic design.


In-motion inductive charging, or dynamic charging, is an emerging technology that allows electric vehicles (EVs) to be charged while on the move. Accurate billing for dynamic EV charging requires secure communication between the EVs and the utility, and could potentially require the secure delivery of small messages from the EVs to the utility at a very high rate, which is infeasible with the currently available solutions. In this paper we propose Fast Authentication for Dynamic EV Charging (FADEC) designed to meet the communication needs of in-motion inductive EV charging. FADEC features fast signing and verification, low communication overhead, and fast hand-off authentication to support EV mobility. Our simulations show that compared with ECDSA mandated by 802.11p standard, FADEC reduces data delivery delay by up to 97%, increases the data delivery ratio by more than an order of magnitude and enables timely data delivery even in a resource constrained environment.


Abstract Aims In hospital settings, decisions about potentially life‐prolonging treatments are often made in a dialogue between a patient and their physician, with a focus on active treatment. Nurses can have a valuable contribution in this process, but it seems they are not always involved. Our aim was to explore how hospital nurses perceive their current role and preferred role in shared decision‐making about potentially life‐prolonging treatment in patients in the last phase of life. Design Cross‐sectional quantitative study conducted in the Netherlands in April and May 2019. Methods An online survey, using a questionnaire consisting of 12 statements on nurses' opinion about supporting patients in decisions about potentially life‐prolonging treatments, and 13 statements on nurses' actual involvement in these decisions. Results In total 179 hospital nurses from multiple institutions who care for adult patients in the last phase of life responded. Nurses agreed that they should have a role in shared decision‐making about potentially life‐prolonging treatments, indicating greatest agreement with 'It is my task to speak up for my patient' and 'It is important that my role in supporting patients is clear'. However, nurses also said that in practice they were often not involved in shared decision‐making, with least involvement in 'active participation in communication about treatment decisions' and 'supporting a patient with the decision'. Conclusion There is a discrepancy between nurses' preferred role in decision‐making about potentially life‐prolonging treatment and their actual role. More effort is needed to increase nurses' involvement. Impact Nurses' contribution to decision‐making is increasingly considered to be valuable by the nurses themselves, physicians and patients, though involvement is still not common. Future research should focus on strategies, such as training programs, that empower nurses to take an active role in decision‐making.


Objective Contaminated reprocessed duodenoscopes pose a serious threat to patients in the endoscopy unit. Despite manufacturer changes to reprocessing guidelines, 20% of reprocessed duodenoscopes meet criteria for quarantine-level contamination based on microbiological or ATP testing. We aimed to examine risk factors for postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) infection. Design Retrospective cohort analysis. Setting US Medicare Fee-For-Service claims (2015–2021) and all-payer data (2017). Participants In the Medicare data, 823 575 ERCP procedures were included. The all-payer five-state data, 16 609 procedures were included. Interventions ERCP was identified by Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Disease (ICD) procedure codes. We identified inpatient infections using ICD diagnosis codes. Outcome measures A logistic regression model predicted risk factors for infections occurring within 7-day and 30-day periods following ERCP. 7-day and 30-day all-cause hospitalisations and post-ERCP pancreatitis were also examined. Results Post-ERCP infection occurred within 3.5% of 7-day and 7.7% of 30-day periods in Medicare. Disposable duodenoscopes were billed in 711 procedures, with 1.4% (n=10, 7-day) and 3.5% (n=25, 30-day) post-ERCP infections. Urgent ERCPs were the strongest risk factor for infections in the 7-day period (OR 3.3, 95% CI 3.2 to 3.4). Chronic conditions, sex (male), age (older) and race (non-white) were also risk factors. In the all-payer five-state data, fewer infections (2.4%, 7 days) were observed. No difference arose between Medicare and other payers for 7-day period infections (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.7 to 1.3). Conclusions Urgent ERCPs, patient chronic conditions and patient demographics are post-ERCP infection risk factors. Patients with infection risk factors should be targeted for specialised infection control prevention measures, including disposable duodenoscopes.


The results of a time-domain dielectric spectroscopy (TDDS) study of the effect of two skin penetration modulators on phosphatidylcholine (PC) bilayer vesicles are presented. The complex dielectric permittivity spectra of PC vesicle suspensions were described as the sum of two processes:  the interfacial polarization of the bilayer and the reorientation of the zwitterionic PC headgroups in a plane approximately tangential to the bilayer surface. The influence of two additives (Azone and Transcutol) on the structure and dynamic behavior of PC headgroups of the bilayer vesicles was analyzed in terms of the interconnection of the dielectric spectra Cole−Davidson parameter, β, and the correlation factor, g, of the dielectric relaxation Kirkwood cell model. Analytically, these parameters are connected in the proposed model via the spatial distribution of headgroup dipole nonhomogeneities. In terms of the physical modulation of the polar surface phase, it appears that these additives can behave either as enhanc...


Objectives: Formant rise time (FRT) and amplitude rise time (ART) are acoustic cues that inform phonetic identity. FRT represents the rate of transition of the formant(s) to a steady state, while ART represents the rate at which the sound reaches its peak amplitude. Normal-hearing (NH) native English speakers weight FRT more than ART during the perceptual labeling of the /ba/–/wa/ contrast. This weighting strategy is reflected neurophysiologically in the magnitude of the mismatch negativity (MMN)—MMN is larger during the FRT than the ART distinction. The present study examined the neurophysiological basis of acoustic cue weighting in adult cochlear implant (CI) listeners using the MMN design. It was hypothesized that individuals with CIs who weight ART more in behavioral labeling (ART users) would show larger MMNs during the ART than the FRT contrast, and the opposite would be seen for FRT users. Design: Electroencephalography was recorded while 20 adults with CIs listened passively to combinations of 3 synthetic speech stimuli: a /ba/ with /ba/-like FRT and ART; a /wa/ with /wa/-like FRT and ART; and a /ba/wa stimulus with /ba/-like FRT and /wa/-like ART. The MMN response was elicited during the FRT contrast by having participants passively listen to a train of /wa/ stimuli interrupted occasionally by /ba/wa stimuli, and vice versa. For the ART contrast, the same procedure was implemented using the /ba/ and /ba/wa stimuli. Results: Both ART and FRT users with CIs elicited MMNs that were equal in magnitudes during FRT and ART contrasts, with the exception that FRT users exhibited MMNs for ART and FRT contrasts that were temporally segregated. That is, their MMNs occurred significantly earlier during the ART contrast (~100 msec following sound onset) than during the FRT contrast (~200 msec). In contrast, the MMNs for ART users of both contrasts occurred later and were not significantly separable in time (~230 msec). Interestingly, this temporal segregation observed in FRT users is consistent with the MMN behavior in NH listeners. Conclusions: Results suggest that listeners with CIs who learn to classify phonemes based on formant dynamics, consistent with NH listeners, develop a strategy similar to NH listeners, in which the organization of the amplitude and spectral representations of phonemes in auditory memory are temporally segregated.


Enhanced uplink technology is being standardized in release-6 of 3GPP W-CDMA specifications with the completion date of 2nd quarter of 2005. Advanced features being introduced include adaptive modulation and coding, hybrid ARQ, fast rate control or scheduling by the base station, higher peak rates (5.76 Mbps) and support of 2 ms TTI. These techniques reduce overall delay and increase throughput significantly compared to earlier releases of 3GPP W-CDMA (release-99/4/5). As a result, enhanced uplink significantly improves the user mobile experience and enable new services and applications. In this paper, the scheduling and resource allocation aspects of enhanced uplink are discussed with accompanying analysis and system simulation results. These results show that enhanced uplink improves sector and user throughput by approximately 50-80% compared to earlier 3GPP W-CDMA releases


No current circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration system provides better prognostic value than CellSearch. We have developed a novel semi-automated CTC enumeration system (fluidic cell microarray chip system, FCMC) that captures CTC independently of tumor-specific markers or physical properties. This system was validated in preclinical studies and in blood samples from 20 healthy donors and 22 breast cancer patients in this study. Using spike-in samples, a statistically higher detection rate (p = 0.010) of MDA-MB-231 cells and an equivalent detection rate (p = 0.497) of MCF-7 cells were obtained with FCMC in comparison with CellSearch. The number of CTC detected in samples from patients that was above a threshold value as determined from healthy donors was evaluated. The CTC number detected using FCMC was significantly higher than that using CellSearch (p = 0.00037). CTC numbers obtained using either FCMC or CellSearch had prognostic value, as assessed by time-to-treatment-failure. The hazard ratio between CTC+ and CTC- was 4.043 in CellSearch (95% CI, 1.248 to 13.10; p = 0.01985); in contrast, it was 10.97 in FCMC (95% CI, 2.18 to 55.21; p = 0.003662). CTC detected using FCMC have the potential to be a better prognostic factor than CTC detected using CellSearch. Citation Format: Takeshi Sawada, Jungo Araki, Toshinari Yamashita, Manami Masubuchi, Tsuneko Chiyoda, Mayu Yunokawa, Kumiko Hoshi, Shoichi Tao, Shohei Yamamura, Shouki Yatsushiro, Kaori Abe, Masatoshi Kataoka, Tatsu Shimoyama, Yoshiharu Maeda, Katsumasa Kuroi, Kenji Tamura, Tsuneo Sawazumi, Hironobu Minami, Yoshihiko Suda, Fumiaki Koizumi. Prognostic impact of CTC detected using a novel fluidic cell microarray chip CTC detection system in patients with breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 500.


The mechanism of sugar oxidation in yeast has been studied by several workers (Weinhouse, Millington, and Lewis, 1948; Krebs, Gurin, and Eggleston, 1952; Gilvarg, 1952; Blumenthal, Lewis, and Weinhouse, 1954; Eaton and Klein, 1954, 1957; Wang et al., 1956; Chen, 1959). Baker's yeast (and presumably Tortliopsis utilis, the yeast used in these experiments) has the enzymes of both the Embden-AIeyerhof-Krebs schema and the hexose monophosphate shunt. M\ost of the previous work has indicated that sugar is oxidized via the Embden-\LeyerhofKrebs schema but many of the experiments have been carried out under conditions that couldl have resulted in faultv conclusions. Ajl (1958) has pointed out many of the difficulties encountered in accurately interpreting isotope carrier and simultaneous adaptation experiments. Wood (1955) has discussed the difficulties encountered in analyzing the results of experiments in which labeled sugars have been used as substrates. In addition it should be pointed out that in most of the previous studies on baker's y-east, the mechanism of sugar oxidation has been investigated by incubating yeast with glucose in a nitrogen-free medium. Under such conditions, as much as two-thirds of the sugar can undergo fermentation (to alcohol and carbon dioxide) rather than oxidation (1Iaxon and Johnson, 1953). In the experiments reported in this paper, the conditions used were such that only traces of alcohol were formed. The experiments reported here weire desigIne'd to determine the amount of sugar oxidized via the citric acid cycle under conditions in which no ethyl alcohol is produced. This has been done by comparing the observed specific activity of the citric acid cycle intermediates with the specific activity expected if all of the sucrose had


The anisotropic elastic field of a {100} twist boundary in a cubic crystal is determined. The resulting displacements are compared to experimental results. Several postulates of Lothe are verified.


The Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) is one of the most widely used and validated neuropsychological instruments for assessing cognition. The ANAM Test System includes a reporting tool, the ANAM Validity Indicator Report that generates scores for the embedded effort measure, the ANAM Performance Validity Index (APVI). The current study seeks to develop a proxy for the APVI, using raw subtest summary test scores. This would be useful for situations where the APVI score is unavailable (e.g., validity report not generated at the time of the assessment) or when the item level data needed to generate this score are inaccessible. ANAM scores from a large data set of 1,000,000+ observations were used for this retrospective analysis. Results of linear regression analysis suggest that the APVI can be reasonably estimated from the raw subtest summary test scores that are presented on the ANAM Performance Report. Clinically, this means that an important step in the interpretation process, checking the validity of test data, can still be performed even when the APVI is not available.


The aim of the paper is to examine the possibilities for automatic generation of language learning exercises and compare them to those manually compiled by language instructors. The paper first presents a universal methodology applied in manually created exercises for learning the language for specific purposes, elaborated with examples in the field of academic English. Next, the automation of the procedure is explored through a series of steps which include creating the corpus, analysing each exercise type and the possibility of its automatic generation, automatically generating the exercise, and evaluating the end result. The results of the evaluation suggest that automatic generation of exercises can serve as a preliminary step of a two-stage process of exercises development in which each exercise, however, needs additional approval from the language expert.


The BITBUS Universal Gateway (BUG) provides a unique, cost effective solution to many different computer interface problems. Each BUG node, utilizing ``on board`` intelligence, has the ability to provide a communication link between BITBUS protocol and other computer-signal interfaces. Among them, IEEE-488, RS232, and raw analog and binary signal 1/0. BITBUS is a multidrop, multinode link with the ability to communicate over great distances. By using this method of signal transfer, along with the communication conversion ability of the BUG, one could accomplish such things as the ability to run IEEE-488 instruments over great distances, extend a multidrop links to RS232 instruments, and provide a convenient interface point for remote analog and binary 1/0 signals, all on one homogeneous network. The BUG not only provides this through the wired ``twisted pair`` standard of BITBUS, but extends the ability to fiber optic communications for signal transfer over extreme distances and through electrically ``noisy`` environments.


Introduction: Retrospective review of CGM data is associated with improved glycemic control in people with diabetes, but self-initiated data review is uncommon. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of a novel "CGM-powered Insights Report" on program engagement and glycemic control within Livongo for Diabetes, a RDMP.
 Methods: Members enrolled in the RDMP and who authorized data sharing of their existing Dexcom CGM automatically received biweekly Insight Report emails. These Reports provided personalized analysis of CGM trends and suggested next steps within the digital coaching program. The impact of engaging with Insight Reports was assessed via (1) odds ratios and Fisher's exact tests on the relative recency of key RMDP program feature utilization; and (2) linear regression to quantify its impact on changes in glycemic control.
 Results: 1105 members (436 T1D, 464 T2D using insulin, 205 T2D not using insulin) who received their first report by February 1, 2022 were included for analysis. On average, members received 7 Reports and opened 51% of them. Members who opened at least one Report (vs. opened no Reports) were more likely to subsequently utilize the mobile app (OR 1.6) , web portal (OR 1.9) , food logger (OR 1.8) and 1-on-1 coach chat feature (OR 3.2) (all p < .05) . After controlling for demographic and clinical characteristics, baseline glucose metrics, and number of Reports received, members who opened more Reports were more likely to show improvements in mean sensor glucose, Time In Range, and Time Above Range (all p < .05) .
 Conclusions: For CGM users within an RDMP, engagement with a personalized Insights Report is associated with increased engagement across other program features, and improvements in glycemic control. Beyond the benefits of CGM itself, surfacing actionable insights within an RDMP adds value by driving members towards increased program engagement, specifically digital coaching.

 R. J. Ellis: Employee; Teladoc Health. T. Kompala: Consultant; Eli Lilly and Company, Employee; Teladoc Health. K. Weng: Employee; Teladoc Health. R. J. Brooks: Employee; Teladoc Health, Stock/Shareholder; Dexcom, Inc., Teladoc Health. A. Salehi: Employee; Livongo. R. James: Employee; Livongo, Teladoc Health. H. Liu: Employee; Teladoc Health, Stock/Shareholder; Teladoc Health.


Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in American men. Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is a common and effective therapy for advanced / metastatic PCa. However, most initially regressed PCa will relapse and become castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Currently, there is no cure for CRPC. Chemotherapy, including agents such as Docetaxel, is a standard therapy for CRPC. However, it only modestly extends patient survival. Therefore, castration resistance and chemoresistance of PCa are huge medical problems for PCa treatment. To overcome castration resistance and chemoresistance, it is crucial to delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms. c-Myc is the most significantly amplified oncogene in human PCa, and its overexpression is very common in PCa as early as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). These indicate its critical roles in PCa progression and the development of therapy-resistance. Transgenic models are widely used in cancer research. Accordingly, Hi-MYC transgenic model has been created using an enhanced probasin promoter to drive c-Myc overexpression in prostate epithelia. These mice develop invasive prostate carcinomas that share molecular features with human PCa. However, since the probasin promoter activity is androgen-dependent, these MYC prostate tumors lose c-Myc oncogene expression upon castration. As a result, the tumor regression in these androgen-depleted Hi-MYC mice represents the mixed effects of both an artificial direct effect from loss of oncogene expression and a potential real effect from tumor cellular responses to androgen-ablation that are relevant to human PCa. Finally, Hi-MYC mice do not develop CRPC tumors after castration. Therefore, the Hi-MYC model, along with other similarly created Myc-based transgenic models for PCa, cannot be used to study CRPC, the lethal form of PCa. To study CRPC and chemoresistance of CRPC, we have developed a novel transgenic model (CAG-SMIL) for human PCa. This model allows us to specifically turn on c-Myc oncogene expression in prostate epithelia after crossing CAG-SMIL mice with PB-Cre4 mice. In addition, once turned on, the expression of c-Myc transgene will be driven by an enhanced beta-actin promoter that is androgen-independent. Therefore, after castration of the prostate tumor bearing PB-Cre4/CAG-SMIL males, we will be able to, for the first time, concisely study c-Myc signaling pathway 1) in castration induced prostate tumor regression, 2) in the recurrence of CRPC tumors, and 3) in the development of chemoresistance in CRPC tumors. Finally, we have incorporated an enhanced luciferase reporter into our transgenic model. This will allow a real-time in vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI imaging) for prostate tumor progression, tumor response to various therapeutic agents, as well as tumor relapse after the development of therapy (castration and chemotherapy) resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3281. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3281


The role of Enterobacteriaceae in dissemination and reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes in outbreaks of disease and infections are pressing public health concern. This study is aimed at investigating the antibiotic resistance patterns and ESBL production in water-borne Enterobacteriaceae recovered from some selected drinking water sources among 6 towns in Ogun State (Nigeria). Sixty water samples were collected from boreholes and well waters sources, of these samples 68 Enterobacteriaceae including Enterobacter spp, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp, Citrobacter freundii, Serratia spp were recovered and identified presumptively using standard microbiological and biochemical methods. The susceptibilities of the isolates to nine antibiotics were carried out by disk diffusion method and determination of ESBL production was by double-disk synergy method. Of the 68 isolated strains tested, 1 (1.47%) was susceptible to all the antibiotics, 98.5% of the isolates were resistant to . 1 antibiotics and 75% were found to be resistant to . 2 classes of antibiotics. Incidence of water-borne ESBL-producing enteric in this study was 7.14%. The increasing unabated spread of Enterobacteriaceae in public water supply harboring resistance genes portends a high risk for communal outbreaks. This necessitates an urgent precautionary and antibiotics surveillance measures in Nigeria. Keywords : Enterobacteriacea e, antibiotic resistance, ESBL


Fog computing is an emerging computing paradigm which is mainly suitable for time-sensitive and real-time Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Academia and industries are focusing on the exploration of various aspects of Fog computing for market adoption. The key idea of the Fog computing paradigm is to use idle computation resources of various handheld, mobile, stationery and network devices around us, to serve the application requests in the Fog-IoT environment. The devices in the Fog environment are autonomous and not exclusively dedicated to Fog application processing. Due to that, the probability of device failure in the Fog environment is high compared with other distributed computing paradigms. Solving failure issues in Fog is crucial because successful application execution can only be ensured if failure can be handled carefully. To handle failure, there are several techniques available in the literature, such as checkpointing and task migration, each of which works well in cloud based enterprise applications that mostly deals with static or transactional data. These failure handling methods are not applicable to highly dynamic Fog environment. In contrast, this work focuses on solving the problem of managing application failure in the Fog environment by proposing a composite solution (combining fuzzy logic-based task checkpointing and task migration techniques with task replication) for failure handling and generating a robust schedule. We evaluated the proposed methods using real failure traces in terms of application execution time, delay and cost. Average delay and total processing time improved by 56% and 48% respectively, on an average for the proposed solution, compared with the existing failure handling approaches.


Background and objective. For patients with established rheumatoid arthritis and also early arthritis an increased prevalence of depression has been described. For a better understanding of depression in early arthritis patients, depression prevalences of a German early arthritis cohort were examined, with a focus on disease activity, anti-CCP status, disease duration and functional capacity over a period of 2 years. Material and methods. The evaluation was based on the early arthritis cohort ADAPTHERA from Rhineland-Palatinate. The inclusion criterion was a symptom duration before diagnosis of a maximum of 1 year. Data from the disease activity score 28 (DAS28), the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ, functional status), the WHO-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5, well-being and depressive symptoms) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9, depressive symptoms) were collected. Results. At the beginning, 43.5% of patients had depressive symptoms (WHO-5> 28). After the 2 year follow-up the percentage of patients with depressive symptoms had reduced to 20.8%. Correlations with disease activity according to DAS28 and the function of HAQ could be confirmed. There was no correlation between depressive symptoms and anti-CCP status (p= 0.431) or duration from symptom onset to diagnosis (p= 0.671). Conclusion. Screening of early arthritis patients for the presence of depressive symptoms is of essential importance. Patients seem to be at high risk of developing depressive symptoms especially at the beginning of the disease and when showing high disability and poor results on disease activity score (DAS28 and visual analog scale).


Hermeneutics of the Tridentine Doctrine on the Mass in the Perspective of Catholic Traditionalism The Council of Trent defined what the Eucharistic conversion is, and classified some liturgical questions concerning the order of Holy Mass and its sacrificial nature. Regarding this, groups of traditionalist Catholics claim that such definitions must be treated as a perfect, crowning, and unalte rable way of orthodoxy. Nonetheless, an in-depth analysis shows that the Tridentine doctrine and discipline are far more "open" than "hermetically sealed". The Eucharistic Tridentine terminology, however, is predominantly symbolical, that is characteristic of communication in religion, but not only abstract or strictly metaphysical. Furthermore, the disciplinary research solutions are rather historical and apologetic than universal or unchangeable. In consequence, the article proves that a hermeneutical approach is essential in analysis of Christian tradition and doctrine.


Puskesmas as a first-level health facility must improve the quality of health services to the maximum so that the accreditation status increases and public trust to carry out health services also increases. One of the important indicators in improving the quality of health services at Puskesmas is patient safety. However, in Indonesia, the development of issues regarding patient safety at the Puskesmas level is not as dynamic as at the hospital level. This study aims to dig deeper and synthesize the scientific literature on patient safety and its relation to accreditation in health centers. This review uses 2 databases namely Google Scholar and Garuda. The main keywords are "Patient Safety in Puskesmas", "Quality of Service" "Accreditation". In conclusion, there are still many health workers who are less compliant and lack high commitment regarding patient safety, not all officers attend training related to patient safety, facilities and infrastructure that are less supportive, lack of funds, and policies that are not well implemented and realized.


The present paper analyses the inclination effect of a thin heated plate located inside a square cavity on thermal field, fluid flow and heat transfer under mixed convection conditions and with account for thermal surface radiation. The finite volume method is adopted to solve the mixed convection governing equations, and the surface to surface method (S2S) is used to model radiative transfer in the grey, diffuse and opaque cavity walls with no-participating medium. Flow parameters such as Grashof Number (Gr) and Richardson number (Ri), and Geometrical parameters like heated plate inclination are varied to show their effect on heat transfer enhancement, while the walls emissivity was kept constant. The obtained results show that there is not a limited angle which boost heat transfer for all the considered cases, but for every Gr and Ri value there is a specific inclination which gives the more efficient rate of heat transfer regardless from wall emissivity.


Self-attitude was investigated after the methods of M. Kuhn by the students of the Klaipėda department of the State Conservatoire of the Lithuanian SSR. Self-appraisal of the peculiarities of personality was compared with group appraisal. The attitude of the students towards the appraisal of their personality given by their parents, their friends and teachers was looked into. The investigation has shown some trends of overestimation of negative characteristics of personality, inadequacy of subjective and objective appraisal of personality of the future teachers. The results showing some peculiarities of self-consciousness of the students could be used for test methods.


Abstract : The control and communication of massive robot swarms in a distributed manner is a difficult problem because global behaviors must be emerged as a collection of many local actions. This project uses a biologically inspired control method called Digital Hormone Model (DHM) to control the communication, tasking, and execution of massive robot swarms based on local communication, signal propagation, and stochastic reactions. This model is probabilistic, dynamic, fault-tolerant, efficient in computation, and can be easily tasked to deal with topology changes in the communication network and modify the global behaviors. Different from most existing distributed control and learning mechanisms, the DHM considers the topological structure of the organization, and supports dynamic re-configuration and self-organization. In the last year, we have formalized the concept of DHM and conducted experiments of simulating swarm behaviors in large scale for target attacking, network formation, self-repair, and avoid pitfalls in mission execution.


The focus of the present contribution is essentially confined to three research areas carried out during the author's turns as visiting (assistant, associate and full) professor at the University of Florida's Quantum Theory Project, QTP. The first two topics relate to perturbation theory and spectral theory for self-adjoint operators in Hilbert space. The third subject concerns analytic extensions to non-self-adjoint problems, where particular consequences of the occurrence of continuous energy spectra are measured. In these studies general partitioning methods serve as general cover for perturbation-, variational- and general matrix theory. In addition we follow up associated inferences for the time dependent problem as well as recent results and conclusions of a rather general yet surprising character. Although the author spent most of his times at QTP during visits in the 1970s and 1980s, collaborations with department members and shorter stays continued through later decades. Nevertheless the impact must be somewhat fragmentary, yet it is hoped that the present account is sufficiently self-contained to be realistic and constructive.


Metastatic cutaneous Crohn's disease, in which non‐caseating granulomatous infiltration of the skin occurs at sites separated from the gastrointestinal tract by normal tissue, is the least common dermatological manifestation of Crohn's disease. We report the case of an 18‐year‐old man who developed very widespread metastatic cutaneous Crohn's disease 2 years after he had first developed mild oral and anal lesions. His gastrointestinal symptoms had been satisfactorily controlled for 18 months with sulphasalazine alone prior to his developing skin lesions. The cutaneous lesions responded rapidly to oral prednisolone which was tailed off over 5 months and then withdrawn. He relapsed 6 months later and now requires a low dose of oral prednisolone to control the skin lesions. The only complication of this therapy has been exacerbation of mild acne vulgaris.


Artificial surfaces modified with immobilized heparin or hyaluronate were evaluated as possible approaches to improve biocompatibility. The heparin surface was highly thromboresistant in contact with blood, as manifested by minimal cell adhesion and a pronounced capacity to inactivate coagulation enzymes such as thrombin and factor Xa. The hyaluronate coating also reduced cell adhesion, but this coating seemed to be less effective than the heparin surface. Outgrowth of human macrophages was not affected by the hyaluronate coating, nor did it display any capacity to inactivate coagulation enzymes. It is concluded that the heparin surface exhibits a high degree of biocompatibility in contact with blood and cell culture, which should make it an interesting candidate for use in the ear compartment.


An adaptive modified two-dimensional time-spreading/wavelength-group-hopping embedded M-sequence code (TS/WGH embedded M-sequence code) is proposed for enhancing the cardinality, confidentiality, and bit error rate (BER) of synchronous networks. The proposed arrayed-waveguide-grating (AWG)-based modified TS/WGH embedded M-sequence encoder/decoder (codecs) is constructed by using a fine AWG to generate an M-sequence code pattern and then using multiple-coarse AWGs to spread this pattern in the wavelength domain. The signals produced by the coarse AWGs are then spread in the time domain using optical delay lines. In addition, an algorithm based on an anticipative-warning-time mechanism and a degree of weighted load balance (DWLB) policy is proposed for changing the signature address code word of each user on a sufficiently frequent basis in order to thwart synchronous-network attacks by eavesdroppers. Overall, the simulation results show that, compared to conventional two-dimensional prime-hop code (PHC) and modified PHC and previous TS/group-hopping embedded M-sequence code, the proposed adaptive modified TS/WGH embedded M-sequence code proposed in this study yields an effective reduction in the multiple-access interference and BER while simultaneously improving the degree of confidentiality.


We discuss the global dynamics of some logistic models governed by delay-differential equations. We focus on models of exploited populations, and study the changes in the dynamics as the harvesting effort is increased. We get new results and highlight the link among different logistic equations usually employed in population models.


OBJECTIVES
Limited data are available to guide colistin use in older adults (>65 years old). We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of colistin in this population.

METHODS
Systematic review and meta-analysis of original data from randomized control trials, cohort studies and case-control studies assessing colistin regimens with various comparisons for any infection. Original data were obtained from corresponding authors of original studies. The primary outcome was all-cause 1 month mortality; secondary outcomes included clinical and microbiological outcomes and adverse events, including acute kidney injury. Two independent reviewers screened citations, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. ORs with 95% CIs were pooled.

RESULTS
We included 38 publications (41 comparisons) reporting 2857 elderly individuals: 29 studies compared a colistin-based regimen versus another regimen (comparison 1) and 10 compared colistin monotherapy versus colistin combination (comparison 2). No significant difference in 1 month mortality was demonstrated between colistin and comparator (comparison 1, OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.80-1.60; comparison 2, OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.78-1.27). Clinical failure was significantly more likely with colistin-based therapy versus comparator (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.13-2.06). Acute kidney injury was also significantly more common with colistin-based combinations versus other drugs (OR 3.81, 95% CI 2.14-6.77).

CONCLUSIONS
For older adults, colistin-based therapy resulted in no mortality difference, compared with other regimens, for any infection. Clinical failure and acute kidney injury were significantly more common with colistin-based regimens. Close renal function monitoring is needed while using colistin in older adults.


ABSTRACT
Migraine is a complex neurovascular disorder that is one of the leading causes of disability and a reduced quality of life. Even with such a high societal impact, our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to migraine headaches are poorly understood. To address this complex disorder, several groups have performed genome-wide associated studies (GWAS) to elucidate migraine susceptibility genes, with many identifying TRPM8, a cold-sensitive cation channel expressed in peripheral afferents innervating the trigeminovascular system, and the principal mediator of cold and cold pain associated with injury and disease. Interestingly, these migraine-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reside in noncoding regions of TRPM8, with those correlated with reduced migraine risk exhibiting lower TRPM8 expression and decreased cold sensitivity. Nonetheless, as a role for TRPM8 in migraine has yet to be defined, we sought to address this gap in our knowledge using mouse genetics and TRPM8 antagonism to determine if TRPM8 channels or neurons are required for migraine-like pain (mechanical allodynia and facial grimace) in inducible migraine models. Our results show that both evoked and spontaneous pain behaviors are dependent on both TRPM8 channels and neurons, as well as required in both acute and chronic migraine models. Moreover, inhibition of TRPM8 channels prevented acute but not established chronic migraine-like pain. However, chronic pain could not be prevented with TRPM8 inhibition. These results are consistent with its association with migraine in genetic analyses and establish that TRPM8 channels are a component of the underlying mechanisms of migraine.


Chemical investigation of an alkaloidal extract of Alstonia macrophylla bark led to the isolation and identification of two new nitrogenous derivatives, alstoniaphyllines A (1) and B (2), a new indole alkaloid, alstoniaphylline C (4), and eight known alkaloids (3, 5-11). Alstonisine (9) exhibited antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with an IC50 of 7.6 μM.


The reconstruction of power industries has brought fundamental changes to both power system operation and planning. This paper presents a new planning method using a multi-objective optimization (MOOP) technique, as well as human knowledge, to expand the transmission network in open-access schemes. The method starts with a candidate pool of feasible expansion plans. Consequent selection of the best candidates is carried out through a MOOP approach, of which multiple objectives are tackled simultaneously, aiming at integrating the market operation and planning as one unified process in context of a deregulated system. Human knowledge has been applied in both stages to ensure the selection with practical engineering and management concerns. The expansion plan from MOOP is assessed by reliability criteria before it is finalized. The proposed method has been tested with the IEEE 14-bus system, and relevant analyses and discussions have been presented.


In the biosphere, bacteria can function as geo-chemical agents, promoting the dispersion, fractionation and/or concentration of materials. Microbial mineral precipitation is resulted from metabolic activities of microorganisms. Based on this biomineralogy concept, an attempt has been made to develop bioconcrete material incorporating of an enrichment culture of thermophilic and anaerobic bacteria within cement-sand mortar/concrete. The results showed a significant increase in compressive strength of both cement-sand mortar and concrete due to the development of filler material within the pores of cement sand matrix. Maximum strength was observed at concentration 10(5)cell/ml of water used in mortar/concrete. Addition of Escherichia coil or media composition on mortar showed no such improvement in strength.


This thesis provides some efficient numerical methods for solving a various class of singularly perturbed initial and boundary value problems. These types of problems are
described by differential equations in which the highest order derivative is multiplied by a small parameter. This small parameter is known as ``singular perturbation parameter".As the perturbation parameter approaches to zero, it leads to occurrence of a thin narrow region in the neighborhood of the boundary of the domain, known as the boundary layers where solution varies very rapidly. Due to this layer phenomena,it is a very difficult and challenging task to develop parameter uniform numerical methods for solving SPPs. The parameter uniform means to develop such numerical methods in which the approximate solution converges independently with respect to the perturbation parameter. The purpose of this thesis is, therefore, to develop, analyze, improve and optimize the parameter-uniform
numerical methods for solving singularly perturbed initial and boundary-value problems. This purpose is fulfilled by constructing an appropriate non-uniform mesh which can resolve the boundary layers. At first, a post-processing technique (Richardson extrapolation), which improves the accuracy of the upwind scheme, is analyzed on a Shishkin type meshes and on an adaptive grid for a parameterized singularly perturbed problem.Then,a weighted uniform numerical method is analyzed for this problem which automatic switches from the backward Euler scheme to a monotone hybrid scheme depending on the weight parameters.
The monotone hybrid scheme utilizes a proper combination of the midpoint upwind scheme and the upwind scheme. The analogous study of a similar kind of monotone hybrid
scheme with weight parameters is also made for a system of nonlinear singularly perturbed problems. A modified monotone hybrid scheme is proposed and analyzed on layer resolving
nonuniform meshes for singularly perturbed scalar and system of convection–diffusion problems. The scheme utilizes appropriate weight parameters which automatically switched
the midpoint upwind scheme to the classical central difference scheme as mesh points go from the inner region to the outer region. Further, the efficiency of the monotone hybrid scheme is tested by extending it for solving one-dimensional singularly perturbed parabolic convection–diffusion IBVP with a regular boundary layer on a nonuniform spatial mesh, the backward-Euler scheme for discretizing the time derivative on a uniform mesh. In all the cases, the newly proposed monotone hybrid schemes provide second-order accuracy on the adaptive grid generated via equidistribution principle also it can be easily implemented to any arbitrary nonuniform mesh. Finally, a system of singularly perturbed parabolic reaction–diffusion problems is analyzed where the perturbation parameters are of the same magnitude. A combination of a modified implicit-Euler method in the time direction and central difference scheme for the spatial derivative is used for the discretization on a space
adaptive mesh.


The use of concrete for construction had become very common in developing countries. But concrete is not friendly environment because of it consumes huge quantities of natural materials and production of the cement, which is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. The aim of this study is to investigate the Sustainable Green Concrete (SGC) which containing biomass aggregate; fly ash and Superplasticizer. Biomass aggregate and fly ash are waste industry products which are environmentally friendly. The study was carried out to identify the chemical properties of biomass aggregate, and to determine the chemical properties and optimum mix design of the Sustainable Green Concrete (SGC). A total of 90 cube samples were casted and compressive strength were tested at the age of 7, 14 and 28 days. The overall results showed that the workability and compressive strength were decreased with the increase of the replacement of natural aggregate with biomass aggregate. Besides that, the workability and compressive strength was increased with the incorporation with the replacement cement by fly ash. The SGC gained highest compressive strength for the concrete mixes of 39.3 N/mm2 with the optimum percentage used of SGC in producing concrete not exceeding 30% biomass aggregate and 6% of fly ash as a partial replacement with natural aggregate and cement respectively. The results obtained and observation made in this study suggested that biomass aggregate and fly ash are successfully used as partial replacement in producing SGC and can perform better strength development.


ABSTRACT Plants have been the basis of many traditional medicines throughout the world for thousands of years and continue to provide new remedies to mankind. Plants are one of the richest sources of compounds. Berberis aristata is one of the plants used in Ayurveda for several remedies. Berberis aristata commonly known as  "Daru haldhi and Chitra" is spinous herb native to northern Himalaya region. The plant  is  widely distributed  from Himalayas to Srilanka, Bhutan,  and  hilly areas of  Nepal.  Berberis aristata is used  in ayurvedic  medicines  from  very  long time.  It is used as a tonic, alternative, demulscent, diaphoretic, and diuretic, in the treatment of diarrhoea, jaundice and skin diseases, syphilis, chronic rheumatism and urinary disorders. Scientific evidence suggests its versatile biological functions that support its traditional use in the orient.  Phytochemical  studies  shows  that  plant Berberis  aristata contains  mainly  yellow  colored alkaloids Berberine,  oxyberberine,  berbamine,  aromoline,  a  protoberberine  alkaloid  karachine,  palmatine, oxycanthine  and  taxilamine  and  tannins,  sugar,  starch.  The  plant  has  effective  pharmacological  action  and  shows promising future for further researches.  This review aims to highlight the ethnobotany, pharmacognostic and pharmacological uses of Berberis aristata


Samples of orange juices were evaluated according to standard criteria in Code of Practice and compared with standard RSK values (Richtwerte und Schwankungsbreiten bestimmter Kennzahlen). In 15 orange juices, the content of chlorides, total acidity, volatile acids and ammonia did not exceed values in Code of Practice. It was found that samples F and K (66.30 g/dm and 57.65 g/dm) contained more glucose than is allowed by Code of Practice. Juices G and K did not exceed RSK values for the D-isocitric acid content (103.68 g/dm and 109.96 g/dm). Criterion according to citric and D-isocitric acid ratio corresponded to the normal values in 100% orange juice in samples G, K, L and also in 12% orange nectar P (69.3; 118.6; 51.4 and 72.3).


X-ray diffraction applied anomalous dispersion effect was used for characterizing the order-disorder transformation in Fe50Co50 fine particles synthesized by polyol process. The long range order parameter was estimated from the superlattice peak intensities in the diffraction pattern of particles annealed in the temperature range between 20 and 800 � C. The results showed that fine particles of as-synthesized Fe-Co have a disordered structure at room temperature, while the ordered structure is present, to a great extent, in Fe-Co bulk alloys. The fine particles of the disordered alloy were transformed to the ordered state by annealing up to about 450 � C. The magnetic properties of the Fe-Co alloy fine particles annealed at different temperatures were also investigated using a vibrating sample magnetometer, in which magnetic fields of up to 15 kOe were applied to samples at room temperature. The saturation magnetization of the as-synthesized particles increased with annealing temperature. This may be attributed to transformation from disordered to ordered structure, along with sintering. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2009251]


This paper explores the experiences of women in Saudi Arabia who have been managed by other women, and examines how junior women perceive senior women's role in advancing their career.,The paper is based on qualitative data gathered using in-depth semi-structured interviews undertaken with 30 women working in Saudi public organisations.,This study's findings shows that the hierarchical relationships between women and their woman manager are complex due to a multifaceted web of contextual factors including sociocultural values, family values, religious beliefs and organisational cultures and structures. These factors shape the quality of relationships between senior women and their women subordinates. Also, this study reveals that there is solidarity and 'sisterly' relationship between women in the workplace that plays a role in facilitating women's career development and advancement. In addition, this study shows that despite senior women's having supported other women's career advancement, this support tended to be conditional and limited. This can have an influence on women-to-women work relationships, where such relationships can be described as being disconnected and fragile. Furthermore, the study depict that there is evidence of the existence of 'Queen Bee'-like senior women who distance themselves from other women and block their career advancement. The Queen Bee phenomena can actually become a form of hierarchy that mimics the patriarchal structure and excludes women from serving at top management levels.,This paper provides an in-depth understanding of the hierarchical relationships between women in the workplace and how these relationships have an influence on women's career advancement. Therefore, the paper makes a valuable contribution to the scarce knowledge that currently exists within the field of management research in relation to women's career development – and the advancement of such research within the Arab Middle Eastern context. Also, the findings of this study could potentially inform practitioners and HR department personnel within organisations about the connections between women's hierarchical workplace relationships and women's career development and advancement.


This paper introduces the research on error modeling of tailored blank laser welding machine which has four linear axes. The error models are established based on multi-body system (MBS) theories which are developed in this paper. The number arrays of low-order body are used to describe the topological structures which are taken to generalize and refine MBS, and the characteristic matrices are employed to represent the relative positions and gestures between any two bodies in MBS. Position error associated function which can reflect the influence of each error origin on the positioning error of the machine tool is given to describe transmission error of the machine in detail. Based on this method, the paper puts forward the error model of the tailored blank laser welding machine. The measurement and evaluation of their error parameters start, after complete error modeling of the machine. Leica Laser Tracker is introduced to measure the errors of the machine and to check the result of the error model.


Concentration-response curves for norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine were obtained in vitro alone and after precontraction with histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, or acetylcholine. Responses obtained to each agonist after precontraction were greater than responses to the agonist alone after subtraction of the force due to the precontracting stimulus. Augmentation of responses after precontraction was the greatest for norepinephrine, less for 5-hydroxytryptamine, and least for acetylcholine. Verapamil had no significant effect on the augmentation of responses to either 5-hydroxytryptamine or acetylcholine caused by precontraction. When the efficacy of acetylcholine was decreased by receptor alkylation with phenoxybenzamine, the augmentation of responses to acetylcholine caused by precontraction with histamine was significantly enhanced. Differences in the magnitude of the effect of precontraction on responses to different agonists may reflect differences in their efficiency of stimulus-response coupling in canine tracheal smooth muscle, or they may result from an increased expression of distinct receptors or receptor-mediated effects uncovered by the facilitory stimuli.


Despite ongoing research into photocontrolled supramolecular switches, reversible photoswitching between room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and delayed fluorescence is rare in the aqueous phase. Herein, an efficient RTP‐fluorescence switch based on a cascaded supramolecular assembly is reported, which is constructed using a 6‐bromoisoquinoline derivative (G3), cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]), sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SC4A4), and a photochromic spiropyran (SP) derivative. Benefiting from the confinement effect of CB[7], initial complexation with CB[7] arouses an emerging RTP signal at 540 nm for G3. This structure subsequently coassembles with amphiphilic SC4A4 to form tight spherical nanoparticles, thereby further facilitating RTP emission (≈12 times) in addition to a prolonged lifetime (i.e., 1.80 ms c.f., 50.1 µs). Interestingly, following cascaded assembly with a photocontrolled energy acceptor (i.e., SP), the efficient light‐driven RTP energy transfer occurs when SP is transformed to its fluorescent merocyanine (MC) state. Ultimately, this endows the final system with an excellent RTP–fluorescence photoswitching property accompanied by multicolor tunable long‐lived emission. Moreover, this switching process can be reversibly modulated over multiple cycles under alternating UV and visible photoirradiation. Finally, the prepared switch is successfully applied to photocontrolled multicolor cell labeling to offer a new approach for the design and fabrication of novel advanced light‐responsive RTP materials in aqueous environments.


In classical descriptive psychiatry the term 'paranoid' is often used ambiguously -- referring to a variety of clinical processes which should be more clearly differentiated. Specifically, in this paper, we have differentiated three distinct sets of clinical phenomena all usually lumped together as 'paranoid': 1. Paranoid from a Sense of Guilt, 2. Paranoid from a sense of Low Self-Esteem, and 3. Paranoid from a Sense of Persecution. These three processes are distinct descriptively, dynamically and genetically. Further, this differentiation is most significant pragmatically as the treatment is different for each type.


| The experiment was conducted on Vanaraja chicken breeder flock maintained in three separate experimental pens in which two (T1 and T2) were treatment pens and T0 was control pen with 1:8 male to female mating ratio and total birds ranging from 88 to 90 in each pen. At the end of 48th, 49th, 52nd and 55th Weeks Of Age (WOA), 150 eggs were randomly selected from each pen and a sum of 450 eggs from the three pens, were set in incubator for incubation. At the end of 48th week for interspiking 3 roosters from experimental pen T1 were transferred to T2 and another 3 roosters from pen T2 were transferred to T1. Increase in fertility rates were observed at 52 and 55 WOA after the initial reduction at 49 WOA after interspiking in all the groups. However more increase was observed in the interspiked T1 and T2 groups. The hatchability values on Total Eggs Set (TES) basis at 52 and 55 WOA of interspiked groups were found higher than those of the non interspiked control group of birds. There was gradual increase in TES hatchability after interspiking from 49 to 55 WOA in T1 and T2 groups than those before interspiking. However, in all the age groups there were no significant differences in TES hatchability rates among the treatments. While evaluating the hatchability rate on Fertile Eggs (FES) basis in all the age groups, no significant differences were found among the treatments. An increase in FES hatchability rate of all the treatment groups has been found as the age advances. However, more increase was observed in interspiked groups (T1 and T2) compared with control T0 group. The findings indicate that interspiking of Vanaraja roosters can be advantageous especially in flocks showing lower fertility rates.


The tire blowout or severe leakage real-time monitoring is one of key technologies for developing a tire blowout automatic braking system.An indirect real-time monitoring method to fuse analyses of tire vibration and effective radius is provided in this paper,and a monitoring system is developed.The calibration and related test results showthat the system can detect the tire blowout in low and middle vehicle speeds and the severe leakage in all speeds timely and accurately.


Since the first successful pregnancy from a frozen human oocyte was reported, remarkable technological progress has been made in the area of cryopreservation of human oocytes. We report a successful delivery of two healthy babies after transfer of vitrified-warmed embryos derived from intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with vitrified-warmed oocytes and frozen-thawed sperm. A female patient and her husband with severe oligoasthenspermia are reported. At the day of oocyte collection, very few inactive sperms were found in her husband semen. Multiple site open testicular biopsy was performed on her husband, but no sperm was retrieved. The patient did not become pregnant after transferring two embryos coming from half of oocytes and inactive sperms. The patient got pregnant and delivered two healthy babies after receiving a transfer of vitrified-warmed embryos from vitrified-warmed oocytes and frozen-thawed sperm.


The motions of (LNG) vessels moored offshore at depths ranging from about 20 to 100 m may depend significantly on the presence of (bound) low-frequency waves with periods in the order of 100 s. This is because these moored vessels show a large motion response in this frequency range and because the energy contents of low-frequency waves at these 'intermediate' depths is relatively large. As part of the Joint Industry Project HawaI, the operational Boussinesq-type wave model of Deltares, TRITON, was used to investigate whether this type of wave models could predict bound low-frequency waves (setdown waves) at intermediate depths. Comparison to measured and theoretical data, however, showed an underestimation of the computed levels of bound low-frequency wave heights for this depth range by a factor 2 to 4. Recently, additional tests were made with TRITON in situations for which the model has been designed: coastal engineering applications in shallow water (depths up to at most 20 m). These also showed an underestimation of the bound low-frequency wave heights, albeit smaller, up to a factor 2. In view of the importance of the energy contained in the low-frequency range for certain nearshore and shoreline processes, such as morphological processes, this underestimation is also of concern in coastal engineering. This triggered the development of a higher-order extension of the TRITON model equations (Borsboom, 2008, Wellens, 2010), with the aim to improve the accuracy of the model for long waves while still keeping computational times within acceptable (operational) limits. This paper reports on the usefulness of the extended model for the field of application considered in JIP HawaI/II: providing wave data for calculating the motions of vessels moored in intermediate depths. The results show a significant improvement of the modeling of nonlinear wave dynamics, including the prediction of bound low-frequency waves. This means that the model extension is an important step towards an operational Boussinesq-type wave model with sufficient accuracy in both the wave-frequency (sea, swell) and the low-frequency range for applications in intermediate depths.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


Annular pancreas (AP) is a rare congenital anomaly of the pancreas that is characterized by the presence of duodenum that encircled by pancreatic tissue. Very few cases of pancreatitis due to this anomaly have been reported previously. Annular pancreas can be diagnosed by Upper Gastrointestinal (UGI) direct graphy series, Computerized Tomography (CT) scan, Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or during surgical procedure. The treatment of pancreatitis due to annular pancreas is usually surgical. In this case report we present a patient with pancreatitis due to AP who has treated without surgical procedure.


We investigate the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability of stratified jets. The internal component (core) is made of a relativistic gas moving with a relativistic bulk speed. The second component (sheath or envelope) flows between the core and external gas with a nonrelativistic speed. Such a two-component jet describes a variety of possible astrophysical jet configurations like e.g. (1) a relativistic electron-positron beam penetrating a classical electron-proton disc wind or (2) a beam-cocoon structure. We perform a linear stability analysis of such a configuration in the hydrodynamic, plane-parallel, vortex-sheet approximation. The obtained solutions of the dispersion relation show very apparent differences with respect to the single-jet solutions. Due to the reflection of sound waves at the boundary between sheet and external gas, the growth rate as a function of wavenumber presents a specific oscillation pattern. Overdense sheets can slow down the growth rate and contribute to stabilize the configuration. Moreover, we obtain the result that even for relatively small sheet widths the properties of sheet start to dominate the jet dynamics. Such effects could have important astrophysical implications, for instance on the origin of the dichotomy between radio-loud and radio-quiet objects.


Summary
The action of pressure on antigenic materials obtained from culture forms of Trypanosoma cruzi was investigated. The antigens were prepared in a Ribi Refrigerated Cell Fractionator-RF-1 (Ivan Sorvall, Inc.), with temperature control and in an atmosphere of inert gas. The complement-fixation (CF) test, skin test, and the resistance of Rockland strain mice after vaccination were used to study these antigens. The most typical CF curves were obtained with soluble extracts of T. cruzi prepared at less than 10,000 PSI (pounds per square inch). The best skin reactions were obtained with the insoluble portion of an extract of T. cruzi prepared at 20,000 PSI. The antigen used for immunization was not toxic for rabbits, mice, or human beings. The immunizing capacity of this antigen was more effective when it was prepared at less than 10,000 PSI. The survival of mice immunized with this antigen and challenged with a killing dose of T. cruzi varied from 88% to 100% and depended on the number of doses and the quantity of antigen injected. Some of the immunized mice showed transient, low parasitemia after the challenge infection.


International competition drives research universities to find ways to anchor globalization for academic productivity and innovation through cross-border collaboration. This article examines the case of pre- and post-colonial Hong Kong and how its universities transited from undergraduate institutions to highly ranked research universities within 30 years. While this is attributed to an enabling environment of institutional autonomy, open borders and cross-cultural capacity, a case study of one research university points to the role played in all of Hong Kong's universities by network agents, institutional arrangements, and brain circulation to recruit and retain international scholars and scientists. While this has strengthened capacity, it cannot be sustained without indigenous academic leadership to ensure that globalization is anchored in local culture. The article makes the case that the Hong Kong model already studied by research universities on the Chinese mainland, is generalizable as a cosmopolitan model for developing countries.


In the greenhouse, soil applications of primisulfuron (40 g ai ha–1) reduced growth of emerged rhizome johnsongrass plants more than nicosulfuron (40 g ai ha–1). Both herbicides reduced growth more when applied to foliage only; a further decrease in growth did not occur for applications to both soil and foliage. Primisulfuron did not completely prevent regrowth of johnsongrass with any application method. Nicosulfuron prevented regrowth when applied to the foliage and to both soil and foliage. In single-year field studies in corn at four dryland sites and two irrigated sites, 50:50 split applications of primisulfuron (40 g ai ha–1) and nicosulfuron (35 g ai ha–1) approximately 2 wk apart provided the most consistent rhizome johnsongrass control compared with early or late single applications when visually rated 8 wk after the first application. Nicosulfuron treatments were more effective than primisulfuron treatments at both dryland sites the first year and at one of two dryland sites the second year. Primisulfuron and nicosulfuron at the irrigated site the first year were equivalent in efficacy. Nicosulfuron was more effective than primisulfuron at the irrigated site the second year. Primisulfuron or nicosulfuron treatments more than doubled corn yields at the dryland sites both years regardless of application timing. Split applications of primisulfuron or nicosulfuron provided the highest yields (approximately 80% increase over untreated plots) at the irrigated site the first year. All treatments provided equivalent yield increases (approximately 50%) the second year.


The problem of exchanging data between two or more organizations in a format that is accessible and understandable by each is a universal problem. Furthermore, the problem of translating or accessing data in the correct format for applications using proprietary data formats is challenging. Legacy software applications may endure, for some time given, regulatory expenditure pressures on electricity system operators and these require data translators (importer/exporter) and access facilities. The basis of this paper is that the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) common information model (CIM) in eXtensible Markup Language (XML) represents the first stage in a revolution of data exchange and manipulation for power systems. This paper explores the problem of translating data in the CIM XML format to the required format for such legacy power system analysis applications. This paper discusses solutions to some of the challenges in data translation, and illustrates how these solutions can be implemented.


Although prominent models emphasize that maternal, child, and situational variables are associated with parenting stress, previous research has often neglected to examine associations between maternal and infant temperament characteristics and stress experienced in the parenting role. Additionally, while predictors of global parenting stress have been examined, predictors of stress related to specific aspects of the parenting role have been largely unexplored. The present study examined maternal and infant temperament characteristics as predictors of parenting stress, both globally and specifically. Mothers (n = 159) completed measures of depressive and anxiety symptoms and a measure of adult temperament when their infants were 4 months old. At 6 months postpartum, caregivers completed a measure of infant temperament, and at 8 months postpartum, a measure of parenting stress. Results indicated that maternal effortful control and infant negative emotionality predicted global maternal parenting stress. Additionally, all maternal and infant temperament variables, with the exception of maternal negative affectivity and infant surgency/extraversion, were uniquely predictive of at least one specific aspect of parenting-related stress. Findings emphasize the importance of considering maternal and infant temperament characteristics as contributors to parenting stress in the first year postpartum. Implications of these findings for future research and intervention are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In November 1143, Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona, and the Order of the knights Templar signed an agreement to solve the dispute caused by the will of the Aragonese king Alfonso the Battler. In one of his arrangements, the Count promised the Order the fifth of future conquests. Historians have considered it as the fifth part of the lands. This article suggests a different interpretation: the fifth is not related to any territory distribution but to a revenues one which would be collected in all the al-Andalus regions to be conquered by the Count and the Templars from then on. This seems to have taken place in Tortosa and Lleida where the Order started very quickly to acquire important domain, although no documents about land grants were written during the first conquests after the above mentioned agreement. Nevertheless, the fifth coult eventually adopt a territorial approach and in such a case, it was registered, as it happened in the Ribera d'Ebre. The intervention in the colonization by the Order could be different according to the way of receiving the fifth.


The possibilities for facial and body treatments are wide, but when it comes to treatment for the cervical region, the options are more restricted and among them, the use of poly‐l‐lactic acid (PLLA) stands out. PLLA is used for collagen biostimulation and improvement of skin turgor with good results; however this procedure is not free of complications, and for the treatment of these, a correct diagnosis is essential. As it is esthetic medicine, the guarantee of results requires that complications are not tolerated, and thus, any resource that enriches the diagnostic and therapeutic arsenal is of great value. The objective of this study is to report the diagnosis of a PLLA nodule with the help of high‐frequency ultrasound, establishing a clinical, radiological, and histopathological correlation, in a patient submitted to PLLA injection for esthetic improvement of the cervical region. We present a case in a female patient presenting a nodule in the cervical region after the application of PLLA, where we performed the excision guided by high‐frequency ultrasound. Mastering the diagnostic technique with high‐frequency ultrasound can play a valuable role in indicating early surgical exeresis, also contributing to complete patient care. It allows the application of the product, monitoring, diagnosis of the complication, and treatment to be carried out dynamically and precisely by the injector.


Spinoza wrote the most fascinating politico-philosophical texts during his life, because these were intertwined with his life, with the events he attended and actively involved in, hoping for a reformation of the world in which he lived. Theologico-Political Treatise and On the Improvement of the Understanding reveal us that Spinoza does not belong to eternity, but to his time. He was a thinker who wrote first of all for its contemporaries, for the people of the 17th century.
In this paper I will analyze in the psychoanalytic key these two texts and the context in which they were elaborated because we can better understand the philosopher's reaction to the events of his time.
Firstly, I will point out that these two treaties wrote by the Dutch philosopher captured the spirit attempt to maintain its thinking independence on emotional tensions that threatened to throw the soul of man in the whirl of regrettable events and actions. Secondly, I will show that Spinoza, a man of his time, was directly involved in the complicated process that aimed solutions for a spiritual unification of the old continent in the second half of the 17th century. He was able to experience a vast array of emotional states ranging from ambivalence to fear and despair and from resignation to enthusiasm in front of scientific and political realities which were on the way to be acomplish in the favorable conditions of the new Europe that emerged after Peace of Westphalia.


UNLABELLED
BACKGROUND; Vulvar Paget's disease comprises only 1-8% of malignant vulvar tumors. It is associated with an underlying carcinoma in 20-30% of cases. Clinically, it manifests as erythematous areas with hyperkeratotic plaques, accompanied by pruritus. Histologically, it is characterized by large, pale cells with mucicarmine-positive cytoplasm, isolated or in aggregates, in the epidermis.

CASE
A 75-year-old woman presented with erythematous plaques covering the entire vulvar, vaginal and perianal area and pruritus. Smears were taken from all 3 sites and stained with Papanicolaou stain. Additionally, biopsies were taken from the vulva, vagina and outer borders of the lesion and were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and also for periodic acid-Schiff stain, CK7, CEA, S-100 and CK20. The cytologic examination revealed numerous round to columnar, moderately enlarged atypical cells, dispersed or in loose groups, with abundant clear cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. The histologic findings confirmed the cytologic diagnosis. No indication of an underlying adenocarcinoma was found.

CONCLUSION
Although the histologic examination of a vulvar lesion is necessary in order to confirm the diagnosis of vulvar Paget's disease and rule out the possibility of an underlying invasive adenocarcinoma, the cytologic examination of vulvar smears is useful for alerting the clinician to the possibility of vulvar Paget's disease.


Trend watching reports are an indispensable resource in the e-learning domain. Many HRD departments consider these reports as essential cornerstones for the development of their e-learning strategy. But what is the quality of the forecasts made in these reports? In this article, several methods of forecasting trends are discussed, resulting in a checklist to evaluate the quality of trend studies. Next, this checklist is applied to evaluate some significant trend studies. The evaluation results show that the reports do not meet basic quality criteria, such as 'sound methodology' and 'objectivity'. The article concludes with some critical remarks on the role trend watching reports play in the domain of e-learning.


The problem of optimal node density maximizing the Neyman-Pearson detection error exponent subject to a constraint on average (per node) energy consumption is analyzed. The spatial correlation among the sensor measurements is incorporated through a Gauss-Markov random field (GMRF) model with Euclidean nearest-neighbor dependency graph. A constant density deployment of sensors under the uniform or Poisson distribution is assumed. It is shown that the optimal node density crucially depends on the ratio between the measurement variances under the two hypotheses and displays a threshold behavior. Below the threshold value of the variance ratio, the optimal node density tends to infinity under any feasible average energy constraint. On the other hand, when the variance ratio is above the threshold, the optimal node density is the minimum value at which it is feasible to process and deliver the likelihood ratio (sufficient statistic) of the sensor measurements to the fusion center. In this regime of the variance ratio, an upper bound on the optimal node density based on a proposed 2-approximation fusion scheme and a lower bound based on the minimum spanning tree are established. Under an alternative formulation where the energy consumption per unit area is constrained, the optimal node density is shown to be strictly finite for all values of the variance ratio and bounds on this optimal node density are provided.


New contributions and study of the appearance and use of the Gothic Incunabula type (1904) created by the typographer, polygrapher, printer and librarian Eudal Canibell i Masbernat (Barcelona, 1858-1928). Through the analysis of different letters and other documents, it describes Cannibell's creation process of the Gothic Incunabula, which historic, ideological and artistic origins derive from the necessity to give Catalonia a printing type similar to the gothic books mainly printed by Rosenbach in the 15th and 16th Centuries. After the creation and foundry of the types —obtained from the economical aid given by the Sociedad Catalana de Bibliofilos— its application was immediate in bibliophile's books and all kinds of small prints.


Objective. Pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) more frequently than non-pregnant women. The reasons for this remain unknown. The complement system is a complex set of self-assembling proteins that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of ARDS and sepsis. The purpose of this study was to determine if activation of the complement system occurs in pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the plasma concentrations of C3a, C4a and C5a (i.e., complement split products) in pregnant patients with acute pyelonephritis (n = 38) and normal pregnant women (n = 38). The complement split products C3a, C4a and C5a were measured using ELISA. Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics. Results. 1) The median plasma concentration of C5a in pregnant patients with acute pyelonephritis was significantly higher than that in normal pregnant women (p < 0.001); 2) there was no statistical difference in the median plasma concentration of C3a and C4a between the two groups (p > 0.05); and 3) concentrations of C3a, C4a and C5a were not different among patients with acute pyelonephritis with and without bacteremia. Conclusions. 1) Pyelonephritis in pregnant women is associated with an increased plasma concentration of C5a, but not C3a and C4a; and 2) an excess of C5a can predispose pregnant women to develop ARDS and multi-organ failure in pyelonephritis. This finding may have clinical implications since blocking C5a improves ARDS in experimental sepsis.


Background Clinical trial data support the superiority of combining adalimumab (ADA) with DMARD(s) vs ADA alone. The use and effectiveness of ADA + DMARD(s) over monotherapy require confirmation in real-life settings. Objectives To compare the use and response of ADA taken with or without DMARD(s) in a real-life setting. Methods Biologic-naïve rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (pts) registered through the BSRBR (Sep '02-Mar '10) who received their 1st ADA dose were followed for 6 months. At enrollment, pts required a DAS28 >5.1 and ≥2 DMARD failures. Pts were categorized by baseline DMARD use: combination therapy without MTX (non-MTX DMARD), with MTX (MTX DMARD), and ADA monotherapy. Clinical and functional responses were assessed as the proportions achieving 1) clinically meaningful reductions from baseline (Δ) in DAS28 (>1.2) and HAQ (>0.22), respectively, or 2) the more stringent targets, DAS28 <3.2 and HAQ <0.5, respectively. Logistic regression modeled the odds of response for the non-MTX DMARD and MTX DMARD groups relative to ADA monotherapy, following adjustment for baseline differences. Results Of 4470 pts initiating ADA, 3123 (70%) received ≥1 DMARD (727 non-MTX DMARD, 2396 MTX DMARD) and 1347 (30%) received ADA monotherapy. At month 6, mean DAS28 and HAQ improved in all 3 groups (Table), with the greatest improvements observed for pts receiving MTX. There was a significantly higher likelihood of achieving ΔDAS28 >1.2, DAS28 <3.2, and ΔHAQ >0.22 in the MTX DMARD group compared with ADA monotherapy, with a trend for the non-MTX DMARD group. A trend for a higher likelihood of achieving HAQ <0.5 was observed in both DMARD groups. Conclusions In this cohort with severe RA, ADA improved overall disease activity and function at 6 months, both as monotherapy and in combination with DMARD(s). Combining ADA with MTX, but not with other DMARDs, appeared to increase the likelihood of response vs monotherapy in this real-life setting. Acknowledgements AbbVie Inc. is a co-sponsor of the BSRBR. AbbVie Inc. participated in the analysis and interpretation of the data, and in the writing, reviewing, and approval of the final version of the abstract. Medical writing support was provided by Benjamin Wolfe, PhD, of AbbVie Inc. Disclosure of Interest P. Kiely Consultant for: AbbVie Inc., BMS, MSD, UCB, Pfizer, Roche, Savient, S. Florentinus Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc., Employee of: AbbVie Inc., S. Keidel Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc., Employee of: AbbVie Inc., A. Lacerda Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc., Employee of: AbbVie Inc., M. Karunaratne Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc., Employee of: AbbVie Inc., R. McCaskill Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc., Employee of: AbbVie Inc.