The human lung cancer has high incidence rate and mortality among the carcinoma. The research on enhancing the efficacy of therapy for lung cancer is significant. A resent research found that as a subunit of ESCRT-III, CHMP4C functioned to retard abscission timing to coordinate midbody resolution and prevent accumulation of DNA damage in the abscission checkpoint through phosphorylated by AuroraB. In the current study, we evaluated the possible mechanism of the effects of CHMP4C inhibition on cell cycle and cell survival in A549 cells. We found that CHMP4C knockdown caused lagging S phase in cell cycle through enhancing the phosphorylation of Rb, raising the expression of cyclin B1-cdc2 and suppressing the activation of cyclin A. Meanwhile, CHMP4C deletion depressed cell survival via decreasing cell viability and increasing caspase 3/7 activity. This study may promote new significant reference and advance for the mechanism underlying specific function of CHMP4C as well as further research on enhancing therapy effect on non-small lung cancer.


Photovoltaic systems can reduce the CO2 emissions associated with the consumption of electricity in dwellings. One key issue that affects both the economic case for home installation and the integration with the mains electricity grid is the match between the instantaneous production and demand for power. This initial study considers a sample of 10 dwellings which were monitored under the UK Government's Photovoltaic Domestic Field Trial. A simple PV system model is introduced and used to examine the variations in the balance between the imported and exported electricity of the monitored households. There are cases where a large proportion of the electricity generated by a PV system is be used directly by the household and instead is exported to the mains electricity grid. The possibility of using the model explore the effects of PV system size on the import and export balance, and the benefits of sharing production and consumption between nearby dwellings, is discussed.


In this study, a four-port solid-state transformer (SST) with decoupled control scheme to control the power flow and the output voltage is proposed. The proposed decoupled control scheme controls all of the four ports' powers independently. In addition, the design of the four-port transformer including core material selection and winding placement is investigated. The designed transformer is modeled in ANSYS-Maxwell and also co-simulated with ANSYS-Simplorer. The operating frequency of the system is designed for 100 kHz; therefore, a very compact size is obtained for the entire multi-port converter. The performance of the proposed system is validated throughout MATLAB/Simulink simulation and experimental studies carried out for a 10kW/port SST prototype. The obtained results show that the four-port SST provides an interface for four-different power supplies or loads. It is seen that the proposed decoupled control scheme can control the output voltage at the desired value and track the reference power signals for each port. It provides as well a good steady state and dynamic performance.


With the growing use of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in various safety-critical applications comes an increasing need for Verification and Validation (V&V) of these DNNs. Unlike testing in software engineering, where several established methods exist for V&V, DNN testing is still at an early stage. The data-driven nature of DNNs adds to the complexity of testing them. In the scope of autonomous driving, we showcase our validation method by leveraging object-level annotations (object metadata) to test DNNs on a more granular level using human-understandable semantic concepts like gender, shirt colour, age, and illumination. Such an enhanced granularity, as we detail, can prove useful in the construction of closed-loop testing or the investigation of dataset coverage/completeness. Our add-on sensor to the CARLA simulator enables us to generate datasets with this granular metadata. For the task of semantic segmentation for pedestrian detection using DeepLabv3+, we highlight potential insights and challenges that become apparent on this level of granularity. For instance, imbalances within a CARLA generated dataset w.r.t. the pedestrian distribution do not directly carry over into weak spots of the DNN performances and vice versa.


In this letter, we report on our results obtained with the hybrid functional HSE06 on the structural, electronic, and mechanical properties of the MAX phases. As a sample, we choose Ti2AlN, Ti2AlC, V2AlC, Nb2AlC, Ta2AlC, V2GeC, Ti3SiC2, and Ti4AlN3, which cover all the known types of MAX phases. From our calculations, we have found that V2GeC has the magnetically ordered ground state. Our results are compared to available experimental data, and it is shown that the HSE06 functional can be used as a predictive tool to study the properties of this family of compounds.


We first explain our motivations to develop parallel architectures and software for realistic rendering and simulation applications. Then, after a brief summary of the results obtained with a previous prototype on a Transputer network with a classical programming approach (whose aim is to clearly explain the existing problems for the classical critical aspects of load balancing, deadlock, etc.), we explain why and how an object-oriented approach associated with an SPMD (single process, multiple data) programming model and its implementation appears to be well suited and more efficient. This demonstration is made on both sides of the problem: the data distribution and the communication model.<<ETX>>


In most of the land-use planning and management processes, location analysis is present and often plays a major role. Accessibility models were developed by many authors as a way to evaluate how easy or difficult can be to link origins and destinations, adopting different formulations. In this paper, a multicriteria approach for the evaluation of accessibility is presented. The model was developed and implemented within a GIS context and applied to three different typologies of problems: general accessibility evaluation; accessibility evaluation in the context of industrial location; and accessibility evaluation of a University campus.


Background

The amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid β (Aβ) peptides support the innate immune defense as an immune receptor, an antimicrobial peptide and an opsonine. In APP-deficient mouse models, a reduced secretion of cytokines has been observed. It is unclear whether this can be attributed to the lack of APP or to the missing secretion of Aβ peptides.Methods

In primary human monocyte derived macrophages the secretion of Aβ peptides was inhibited by the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT or by the β-secretase inhibitor GL-189, applied as a tripartite substance. Alternatively, APP was knocked down by transfection with siRNA. TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10 were measured by ELISA and the phagocytotic activity was evaluated by flow cytometry.Results

Reduced concentrations of TNFα and IL-6 were observed in the media of APPk/d macrophages and after inhibition of the β-, or γ-secretase, especially after additional immunological activation with LPS. Secretion of IL-10 was increased after pharmacological inhibition of APP processing when the macrophages were not immunologically activated but was decreased during LPS-induced inflammation in APPk/d macrophages. No changes of the phagocytotic activity were observed.Conclusion

We conclude that macrophage APP and Aβ peptides support the initiation of an immune response and are involved in the secretion of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10.


Ifection of LS cells with HSV-1 resulted in an inhibition of spermidine and spermine synthesis from putrescine, possibly through inhibition of host cell protein synthesis. The rate of putrescine uptake increased soon after infection, and later, polyamines were lost from the cells. Inhibition of spermidine and spermine synthesis by methylglyoxal bis (amidinohydrazone) did not affect virus replication.


Background and objective: Sleep disorder and reduced rest during admission to hospital is a stimulating factor of heart attacks in coronary artery disease patients. There are different ways to improve sleep quality.
Method: Aromatherapy is one of the methods used to improve sleep quality. This study determines the effects of hybrid aromatherapy on sleep quality of patients with ACS admitted to CCU. This clinical trial was conducted in 2016 on 60 patients diagnosed with ACS and admitted to CCU of the 22 Bahman Hospital, Gonabad. The patients were recruited by using convenient sampling and assigned randomly to control and experiment groups.
Results: The experimental group received aromatherapy with a combination of essential oils of lavender, Matricaria recutita and neroli (6:2:0.5) for three consecutive nights; the control group received no intervention. At the beginning and the end of the study, visual VSH scale was filled out to assess sleep quality. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS20, independent t-tests, Chi-square test and exact Fisher test (p 0.05).
Conclusion: There was a significant difference in mean score of post-interventional and pre-interventional sleep quality, effectiveness and sleep supplementation (p<0.001). The mean score of sleep quality and sleep supplementation increased in the control group and decreased in the experiment group, while the mean score of sleep effectiveness decreased in the control group and increased in the experiment group. The results showed that hybrid aromatherapy as a cost effective and uncomplicated method can improve sleep quality of patients with ACS admitted to CCU.


This article makes a first step into questioning the diversity of maintenance practices. How can we understand the differences in the ways things are taken care of? What can we learn from the variety of justifications for objects to be mended, fixed, patched up, or patiently restored? In which conditions are these operations considered as important or negligible? To address these questions, the authors examine three dimensions that can help in identifying regimes of maintenance: the distribution of maintenance practices, the kinds of objects that are enacted through them, and the ecology of the visible and invisible at play in the various ways maintenance work is accomplished and organized. Using several examples, they outline two distinct regimes in which these dimensions are configured in radically different manners.


In this article I shall address the following question: which kind of the Standard German should be integrated into the course curriculum of "German as a foreign language"? In order to answer this question, however, it is argued that Standard German is by no means homogenous, rather a distinction must be drawn between national and regional standard varieties. The "standard" variety typically taught in these courses neither exists as an ideal standard variety used in everyday speech, nor does it adequately portray the actual linguistic situation. In this article it is therefore advocated that both the variability of the standard as well as the results of the latest sociolinguistic research be taken into account when designing the curriculum for "German as a foreign language".


Monoenergetic (/open quote/slow/close quote/) positrons are becoming available in the form of beams having brightness sufficiently high for use in microscope and microprobe applications. When slow positrons are injected into certain solid materials they are re-emitted without need for an externally applied extraction field. This property suggests that a positron emission microscope will have useful capabilities and be less severely impaired by problems that extraction fields impose on electron emission devices. The principles involved in a positron emission microscope are discussed, and an estimate of resolutions that might be achieved in the near future is made. 10 refs., 2 figs


It is never too soon to explore funding options for college educations, whether your child is a newborn or is in middle school. You are more likely to be prepared to fund your child's education if you start planning earlier. This new 4-page document describes and discusses several accounts that allow you to pay for college while taking advantage of tax and savings opportunities. Written by Jessica McCumber, Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar, Martie Gillen, and Sarah M. Ellis, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, June 2019.


Lentiviral vectors (LV) offer improved therapeutic benefit of gene therapy applications as a result of their ability to stably transduce a wide range of cycling and non-cycling cells. The first Phase I clinical trial using a lentiviral vector, VRX496, was initiated in January of 2003. The vector evaluated is an HIV-1 based lentiviral vector, fully gutted but retaining the 5′ and 3′ long terminal repeats, the packaging sequence, cPPT/CTS, splice donor and splice acceptor, and rev response element (RRE). VRX496 contains a splice-independent 937-base antisense sequence targeting the envelope gene in the HIV genome, and a small 186-base tag derived from the GFP gene to serve as a molecular marker for vector in HIV infected patient cells. Five (5) HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts between 200 and 500, and viral loads above 5000 copies/ml, no history of opportunistic infections, who have failed two regiments of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), were serially enrolled in the trial. After leukopheresis, patient's CD4 T lymphocytes were isolated by negative selection of CD8 + cells, and then cultured for three days in the presence of immobilized CD3/28 beads, and VRX496. Thereafter, the vector and beads were removed, cells were expanded to the dose of 1 x 10 10 , and then given intravenously over 15 minutes. At the time of this abstract, 4 patients have been dosed and have passed the initial 21-day safety assessment; a fifth patient is scheduled for dosing. No serious adverse events have occurred. All patients have steady CD4 counts, and viral loads have decreased below baseline in all patients, notably from 218,000 pre dose to 36,000 1 year post dosing in the first patient, and from 22,000 pre dose to 1,625 at 9 months post dosing in the second patient; patients 3 and 4 are at 3 months and 21 days post-infusion, respectively. Importantly, persistence of vector-modified CD4 cells are detected in the peripheral blood out to 9 months post dosing. This trial establishes for the first time the safety of lentiviral vectors for clinical gene therapy application.


Energy band diagrams of LaCuOCh (Ch = S, Se and Te) were calculated by a full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave method. The calculations, based on the local density approximation with/without an on-site Coulomb repulsion parameter, were to examine the energy levels of La 4f states. The results of the calculations showed that the on-site correlation parameter is necessary for evaluating the energy levels of La 4f states appropriately. The calculations for LaCuOCh with the on-site correlation parameter revealed that LaCuOS and LaCuOSe have almost the same energy band structure with a direct allowed-type band gap, while LaCuOTe has significantly different conduction band structure that exhibits an indirect-type band gap. This difference in electronic structure between LaCuOCh (Ch = S, Se and Te) is consistent with the observed optical properties of these materials.


The phase transition for US(3) gauge field (without quarks) is considered. It is shown that the phase transition is due to the fact that at high temperatures the partition function should be calculated as for a gas of gluons, whereas at low temperatures as the sum over energy levels of correlated quantum states of SU(3) gauge field. A correlated quantum state for strongly interacting fields is defined as a nonperturbative quantum state of strongly interacting fields. The energy spectrum of these quantum states are discrete one. A lower bound of the phase transition temperature by comparing of the average energy for the perturbative and nonperturbative regimes is estimated (for glueball being in thermal equilibrium with the thermostat). It is shown that this quantity is associated with a mass gap. In a scalar model of glueball its energy is calculated. It is shown that this energy is the mass gap. If we set the glueball mass ~ 1.5·10³MeV then it is found that the corresponding value of coupling constant lies in the nonperturbative region.


Squirrel cage induction motors are widely used in electric motor drives due to their satisfactory mechanical characteristics (torque, current, overloading) and small dimensions, as well as their low price. When starting an induction motor, a large current is required for magnetizing its core, which results in a low power factor, rotor power losses and a temperature rise in the windings. None of these parameters should reach values beyond certain limits until the motor reaches nominal speed. The speed of an induction motor 1,1kW is affected very little by fluctuations of voltage. The greater the supply voltage of the motor, the induction motor's speed will increase. The torque values (Tstart, TSmax and Tmax) are affected by the value of the motor supply voltage: (Vp-nl : 132.8, Tstart1 : 7.4, T S-max1 : 0.4, Tmax1 : 9.9) V, (Vp-nl : 127.0, Tstart2 : 4.8, T S-max1 : 0.3, Tmax1 : 8.4) V and (Vp-nl : 121.3, Tstart3 : 3.3, T S-max3 : 0.2, Tmax3 : 7.1) V. Stator current (IL-nl ; 2.5, 2.2, 1.9 ) Amp rises gradually on account of the increase in magnetising current (Im : 2.5, 2.2, 1.9) Amp. The magnetising current required to produce the stator flux. The component of the stator current which provides the ampere-turns balancing the rotor ampere-turns will steadily diminish as the rotor current (IL-nl) decrease with the increase in rotor speed (nr).


Background: Nonischemic heart disease (NIHD) is the underlying pathology in about 20% of sudden cardiac deaths (SCDs). Psychotropic medication has been reported as a risk factor for SCD among patients with coronary artery disease, but similar information concerning NIHD is scarce. Objectives: We evaluated the use of psychotropic medication in victims of SCD due to NIHD and compared it to the general medication use in Finland. Method: Study population was derived from the Finnish Genetic Study of Arrhythmic Events (Fingesture) (n = 5,869, mean age: 65 ± 12, 79% males; 1,404 victims of SCD due to NIHD, mean age: 57 ± 13, 77% males). All deaths occurred in Northern Finland during 1998–2017. All victims underwent a medicolegal autopsy. Data on use of medication were defined using postmortem toxicology results and patient records. Subjects with neither toxicological analysis nor information of medication use available were excluded. Information on general medication use was derived from Finnish Statistics on Medicines 2018 and presented as defined daily dose/1,000 inhabitants/day. Results: Psychotropic medication was used by 579 (41%) subjects with NIHD, whereas in the general population, only 12% were estimated to use psychotropics. The results were similar in subgroups of psychotropic medication: 27% versus 2.3% for benzodiazepines, 19% versus 7.5% for antidepressants, and 18% versus 2.2% for antipsychotics. Conclusions: Use of psychotropic medication is common in victims of SCD due to NIHD compared to the general population.


The mechanism of the hydrochlorination of unsaturated compounds in condensed media is considered on the basis of modern data concerning the kinetics and products of the reaction and also the intermolecular interactions in the reaction system. It is shown that, like other addition processes, hydrochlorination can be carried out in non-polar media at low temperatures without the intermediate formation of ionic species, i.e. via a molecular mechanism. The factors which determine the competition between the ionic and molecular process mechanisms are analysed in detail. The bibliography includes 184 references.


Morbidly adherent placenta is often associated with severe maternal morbidity. An increased incidence over the recent years may be secondary to the increased cesarean section rates. Identification of patients with risk factors antenatally is essential for the early diagnosis and management. Diagnosis can be achieved by ultrasound or MRI in the majority of cases. Management aims to ensure a safe delivery of the fetus, alongside measures of prevention or effective management of postpartum hemorrhage. When a hysterectomy is performed, a multidisciplinary team with surgical expertise and facilities for transfusion and further interventions including arterial ligation and interventional radiology should be available. The options for conservative treatments offer the potential to preserve fertility but further research with prospective evaluation of the different approaches is necessary.


A method for imaging the superficial epidermal and papillary dermal layers of the skin is needed when assessing many skin lesions. We have developed an imaging modality using a video camera whose mechanism of contrast is the reflectance of polarized light from superficial skin. By selecting only polarized light to create the image, one rejects the large amount of diffusely reflected light from the deeper dermis. The specular reflectance (or glare) from the skin surface is also avoided in the setup. The resulting polarization picture maximally accents the details of the superficial layer of the skin and removes the effects of melanin pigmentation from the image. For example, freckles simply disappear and nevi lose their dark pigmentation to reveal the details of abnormal cellular growth. An initial clinical study demonstrated that the polarization camera could identify the margins of sclerosing basal cell carcinoma while the eye of the doctor underestimated the margin estimate. The camera identified an 11-mm-diameter lesion while the unaided eye identified a 6-mm-diameter lesion.


The pair correlation function obtained from the neutron diffraction data of Mozer, De Graaf, and Le Neindre, is given for liquid 4He at several thermodynamic states above and below the superfluid transition. A method for smoothly and accurately extrapolating the pair function into the limit of zero internuclear separation is considered. The pair function is computed from an approximation integral equation for the ground state wave function and compared to the experimental results.


Background Shotgun metagenomic sequencing is increasingly popular in taxonomic and resistome-profiling of polymicrobial samples due to its agnostic nature and data versatility. However, caveats include high- cost, sequencing depth/sensitivity trade-offs, and challenging bioinformatic deconvolution. Targeted PCR-based profiling optimises sensitivity and cost-effectiveness, but can only identify prespecified targets and may introduce amplification biases. Ultra-high multiplexed PCR is a potential compromise. As no comprehensive comparative evaluation exists, we evaluated performance of each method in taxonomic/resistome-profiling of a well-defined DNA mock sample and seven "real- world" wastewater samples. Results We tested three sequencing approaches (short-read shotgun metagenomics, Illumina Ampliseq™ ultra-plexed AMR Research Panel, 16S rRNA gene sequencing) with seven bioinformatic pipelines (ResPipe, Illumina DNA Amplicon App, One Codex Metagenomic-/Targeted Loci classification and Ampliseq™ Report, DADA2, and an in-house pipeline for AmpliSeq data [AmpliSeek]). Metagenomics outperformed 16S rRNA gene sequencing in accurately reconstituting a mock taxonomic profile and optimising the identification of diverse wastewater taxa, while 16S rRNA gene sequencing produced more even taxonomic outputs which may be quantitatively inaccurate but enhance detection of low abundance taxa. Shotgun metagenomic and AmpliSeq sequencing performed equally well in profiling AMR genes present in a mock sample, but AmpliSeq identified more genes in more complex, "real-world" samples, likely related to sensitivity of detection at the metagenomic sequencing depth used. Conclusions A complementary sequencing approach employing 16S rRNA gene or shallow-metagenomic sequencing for taxonomic profiling, and the AmpliSeq AMR panel for high-resolution resistome profiling represents a potential lower-cost alternative to deep shotgun sequencing and may also be more sensitive for the detection of low-prevalence AMR genes. However, our evaluation highlights that both the sequencing and bioinformatics approach used can significantly influence results; for AmpliSeq AMR gene profiling, we developed AmpliSeek which outperformed the other pipelines tested and is open source. Sequencing approach and bioinformatic pipeline should be considered in the context of study goals and sample type, with study-specific validation when feasible.


This study aims to clarify fume formation mechanism theoretically through visualization of fume shape. In this paper, influence of quenching rate on fume formation process was investigated through numerical analysis with the fume formation model. The fume formation model consisting of heterogeneous condensation model, homogeneous nucleation model and coagulation model has been developed. The fume formation process under the condition assuming fume formation from iron vapor in MIG welding was visualized through visualization with numerical simulation. As a result, it was found that around 1000K, diameters of secondary particles approach an order of hundred nanometer at maximum. Those typically become chain shape consisting of primary particles. The diameters of primary particles become larger for lower quenching rate because of occurrence of coagulation among particles in liquid phase.


Typography is the art and technique of arranging typeface and space to make written language legible, readable and appealing when displayed. Typography can be traced back to humans consciously arranging elements, such as text and graphics, on a plane according to specific rules to convey a message effectively. Typography requires that the content be normative, readable, and aesthetically pleasing, which can effectively help improve the reading speed, optimize the efficiency of information transmission, and enhance the audience's visual perception. Digital media has changed how we access and communicate information. Digital reading is becoming our dominant mode of reading. Compared with traditional media, digital reading offers convenience, immediacy, and interactivity. From the Xerox Alto, the first system to have all of the contemporary Graphical User Interface (GUI) components, to the current apple iOS16 system, based on breakthroughs in science and technology, significant changes have occurred in interface functions and appearance. However, simultaneously, the content information carrier screen must stay within the rules of typography and follow the rules of standardization, readability, and aesthetics. This article focuses on the mobile base screen through the research of grid system, font and image of the existing interface design system, summarizes the fundamental purposes of typography which is to adapt to changes in reading scenarios, effectively convey information, and standardize typography for mobile applications for digital reading.


The purpose of this paper was to provide a critical review of the literature related to pedagogy of physical education in urban schools using culturally sustaining pedagogy as a lens. Data was collected via keyword searches, table of contents searches in three U.S.-based journals, and additional references from retrieved articles. The sample included 54 studies which were analyzed in depth and coded for various factors. The findings provide descriptive statistics about the literature, as well as three major themes highlighting cultural relevance in PE, urban student resistance to traditional curriculum, and urban PE to address deficits. The discussion suggests "loving critiques" that could apply to the field of PE, especially in urban contexts.


The well-being of children and young people in the UK has been shown to be poor compared to most other affluent countries. This paper argues that the market paradigm in welfare, ideologically driven not evidence-based, requires managers to implement services for 'children in need' that are short-term and fragmented and developed to suit the needs of adults. These services do not provide the well-researched conditions needed for the optimal development and well-being of children and young people. A deficit model of children is embedded in welfare assessment templates and the 'child in need' must be objectified, standardised, costed and subject to quality control mechanisms by managers at all levels in order to meet targets and performance indicators. This, in turn, has undermined the 'helping relationship' with professional adults. The article begins by reviewing the move from the Welfare State to welfare markets, current evidence as to the outcomes for children and young people in the UK compared to other countries and the conditions necessary for optimal development. The discourse of consumption and how this combines with market processes and leads to the 'commodification' of children is then explored. In conclusion it is argued this has undermined the 'helping relationship' and that a return to professional identities and practices, detached from party political considerations, is imperative.


The ecological psychology holds that the human behavior is the result of the interaction between human and environment. And in a certain service context, the customer behavior is not only affected by the physical environment, but also by human which is an important factor. Based on the theory of ecological psychology and service environment, the paper redefines the concept of service environment and analyzes its connotation. On this basis, the paper also discusses the measurement dimensions of service environment from two aspects of physical environment and social environment. Keywordsecological psychology; service environment; concept; connotation; measurement dimensions


This study aimed at developing cryopreservation protocol for chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzelevcv. peak) shoot apices based on droplet-vitrification procedure, which is a combination of droplet-freezing and solution based vitrification. Progressive preculture of shoot apices in liquid MS medium supplemented with 0.3 and 0.7 M sucrose for 31 and 17 hours, respectively, was found optimum among preculture treatments tested. The composition of both loading and vitrification solutions significantly affected recovery growth of shoot tips before and after cryopreservation. Balancing glycerol and sucrose concentrations in the solutions was beneficial for recovery growth. The highest recovery after cryopreservation was observed when apical shoot tips were extracted from 4-week-old in vitro plantlets, progressively precultured with 0.3-0.5-0.7 M sucrose for 32-16-6 hours, respectively, then treated with loading solution comprising of 1.9 M glycerol + 0.5 M sucrose (35% PVS3 solution). Apices were then dehydrated with the vitrification solution consisted of 50% glycerol + 50% sucrose for 90 minutes then directly immersed in liquid nitrogen.


Participants' usage of informational variables in learning visual relative-mass discrimination in collisions was tracked by means of PROBIT correlations. Four groups received feedback that was true or accorded with either of three nonspecificational cue variables. A majority in each group adopted the feedback, but several participants defied the false feedback. Unlike in previous research, the fit to data of the relative-mass invariant could not be bettered by post hoc linear combinations of the cues. Discriminability was lower in the use of the invariant. Analytic complexity was rejected as an explanation for discriminability differences. A "smart mechanism" for pickup of the relative-mass invariant was developed as an extension of G. Johansson's (1950/1994) vector model.


Advancements in virtualization have led to the construction of large data centers that host thousands of servers and to the selling of virtual machines (VMs) to consumers under a per-hour rate. This current pricing scheme employed by cloud computing providers ignores the disparities in consumer usage and in its related infrastructural costs of providing the service to different users. We thus propose a new pricing model based on the liable power consumption of the VM, which we correlate to the VM's proportion of CPU and disk I/O usage. In the poster, we evaluate the fairness and practicality of our accountable power consumption model on various machines and storage types. We then demonstrate the benefits of the proposed pricing model by looking four consumer cases. Our work is undergoing further experimentation and we hope to expand our testing using cloud services.


A pairing scheme (GG7) between two neutral guanine nucleobases taking place via the Watson-Crick faces and involving two bridging water molecules is presented, which upon removal of a H5O2+ entity could convert into the hemideprotonated guanine pair (GG5).


INTRODUCTION
Palliative care involves management of medical, psychological, mental and social symptoms of children with life-threatening illnesses.

AIMS
The article describes the organization and function of a multidisciplinary palliative care service within the pediatric hospital. The service supports children throughout their follow-up: in admission, in the community and in home care.

METHODS
Retrospective summary of data from the hospital database.

RESULTS
Over the last two years, seventy-five children with life-threatening illnesses were followed and treated by the palliative care team. Medical, nursing, psychosocial, educational and alternative medicine personnel were part of the team; 32 children died, 15 of them died in home hospice. Ten of the children were discharged to home hospice as an only alternative to prolonged admission. Financial coverage was provided by the health maintenance organizations.

CONCLUSIONS
Hospital-based palliative care may provide long-term holistic support to the families and medical teams at the end of life. Long-term support of palliative care service is feasible and may be highly valuable to the children and the medical teams.

DISCUSSION
Children at end-of-life require complicated multidisciplinary follow-up during admissions and at home. A hospital-based palliative care team - involving all caretakers, may improve holistic long-term support at the end of life.


Placental chorioangioma is a benign vascular tumor most frequently diagnosed by sonographic and Doppler evaluation. Although it is not uncommon (1% incidence) cases which measure more than 4 cm in diameter are rare. Large chorioangioma can be associated with pregnancy complications. These include hydrops fetalis, growth restriction, fetal or neonatal demise, polyhydramnios and preterm birth. We report here 2 cases of large placental chorioangioma resulting in polyhydramnios, intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth. Both the tumors were more than 5 cm and on ultrasound were seen as a hypoechoic lesion in continuation with upper pole of placenta projecting into the amniotic cavity .Gross examination showed a globular mass arising from the fetal surface of placenta and in both the cases histopathological examination was suggestive of placental chorioangioma along with areas of calcification. The maternal outcome was good but one of the babies died due to very low birth weight.


Study Design. Posterolateral lumbar spine fusions in athymic rats. Objectives. To compare spine fusion rates of two different osteoinductive products. Summary of Background Data. Many osteoinductive bone graft alternatives are available. Grafton (a demineralized bone matrix [DBM]) and Osteogenic Protein-1 (OP-1, an individual recombinant bone morphogenetic protein) are two such alternatives. The relative efficacy of products from these two classes has not been previously studied. The athymic rat spine fusion model has been validated and demonstrated useful to minimize inflammatory responses to xenogeneic or differentially expressed proteins such as those presented by DBMs of human etiology. Methods. Single-level intertransverse process fusions were performed in 60 athymic nude rats with 2 cc/kg of Grafton or OP-1 Putty. Half of each study group was killed at 3 weeks and half at 6 weeks. Fusion masses were assessed by radiography, manual palpation, and histology. Results. At 3 weeks, manual palpation revealed a 13% fusion rate with Grafton and a 100% fusion rate with OP-1 (P = 0.0001). At 6 weeks, manual palpation revealed a 39% fusion rate of with Grafton and a 100% fusion rate with OP-1 (P = 0.0007). Similar fusion rates were found by histology at 3 and 6 weeks. Of note, one or two adjacent levels were fused in all of the OP-1 animals and none of the Grafton animals. Conclusions. Significant differences between the ability of Grafton and OP-1 to induce bone formation in an athymic rat posterolateral lumbar spine fusion model were found.


How can you change your mind to be more open? There many sources that can help you to improve your thoughts. It can be from the other experiences and also story from some people. Book is one of the trusted sources to get. You can find so many books that we share here in this website. And now, we show you one of the best, the the healing plants bible the definitive guide to herbs trees and flowers.


Rapid advances in genomics have expanded the use of chromosome testing following miscarriage. In addition to conventional cytogenetics, the availability of single nucleotide polymorphism microarray technology and array comparative geneomic hybridization have provided further options for clinicians. This review will cover the indications for testing and the advantages/disadvantages of the various methodologies available.


Central banks have become increasingly communicative. An important reason is that democratic societies expect more transparency from public institutions. Central bankers, based on empirical research, also believe that sharing information has economic benefits. Communication is seen as a way to improve the predictability of monetary policy, thereby lowering financial market volatility and contributing to a more stable economy. However, a potential side-effect of providing costless public information is that market participants may be less inclined to invest in private information. Theoretical results suggest that this can hamper the ability of markets to predict future monetary policy. We test this in a laboratory asset market. Crowding out of information acquisition does indeed take place, but only where it is most pronounced does the predictive ability of the market deteriorate. Notable features of the experiment include a complex setup based directly on the theoretical model and the calibration of experimental parameters using empirical measurements.


A study was made of the dependences of the optical breakdown thresholds on the irradiated volume of KCl, NaCl, BaF2, and ZnSe single crystals when the laser beam aperture was varied from 80 μm to 30 cm.


The presented thesis was completed by Sarah Rees for the Doctorate degree of Clinical Psychology (DClinPsy) at Cardiff University. The thesis title is 'A systematic review and empirical study investigating the impact of perinatal anxiety on mother-infant interaction at six-months postpartum and children's emotional problems at age three years'. This thesis was submitted on the 30th May 2017 and comprises three papers. Papers 1 and 2 have been prepared for submission to European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Paper 1 presents a systematic review on the evidence for the impact of perinatal anxiety on children's emotional problems. A literature search was conducted and 14 studies were identified that satisfied inclusion criteria for the review. Whilst the findings of this review indicate that there is evidence for both maternal antenatal and postnatal anxiety having an adverse impact on child emotional outcomes, the evidence appears stronger for the negative impact of antenatal anxiety. Several methodological weaknesses make conclusions problematic and replication of findings is required to improve identification of at-risk parents and children with appropriate opportunities for intervention and prevention. Paper 2 presents an experimental study, which explores the role of antenatal and postnatal anxiety on children's emotional problems at age three years. A sample of 186 women and their first-born children were followed from pregnancy to age three years postpartum. Mothers completed antenatal and postnatal anxiety measures. Maternal care-giving behaviour was assessed using observations of a mother-infant interaction task. At three years, the Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL) was administered to assess for children's emotional problems. Results indicated that maternal antenatal anxiety and postnatal depression independently predicted higher reported emotional problems in children at age 3 years after controlling for postnatal anxiety and antenatal depression symptoms. Postnatal depression was found to partially mediate the association between antenatal anxiety and children's emotional problems. Antenatal anxiety was associated with elevated maternal negative affect at 6 months postpartum. However, the association between antenatal anxiety and children's elevated emotional problems at age 3 was not explained by maternal negative affect at 6 months postpartum. These data suggest that children's emotional problems are adversely affected by maternal antenatal anxiety and postnatal depression. This has implications for targeting intervention or prevention in the antenatal period to prevent adverse emotional outcomes in children. Paper 3 is a critical reflection of the systematic review, the empirical paper and the research process as a whole. Strengths and limitations are discussed as well as clinical and research implications.


The deployment of decentralized productions units (DPU) like rooftop solar panels is a major challenge for energy transition. Under a net metering system where the meter runs backward when there is excessive PV production, the electricity produced is valued at the retail price. Higher retail prices thus encourage the deployment of DPU. In this paper, we study the impact of tariffs on the decision to install residential solar PV installations. We analyze a panel data from Wallonia, where tariffs depend largely from volumetric charges. We exploit the presence of 13 different grid operators with different tariffs, to disentangle this relationship. Using various specifications, our results suggest that a one eurocent per kWh of tariff increase leads to, all else equal, an increase of around 5% in the number of new installations.


Norway is presently the worlds biggest producer of Atlantic salmon. The traditionally used open-net-structures are probably the most important reason for the Norwegian success. The very nature of aquaculture, where fish is grown at a much higher density than appear naturally, makes it likely to affect the existing surrounding environment. Views on weaknesses related to the traditional technology have been stated. These weaknesses concern sustainability challenges related to escapes, sea-lice, diseases and pollution. Closed Flexible Fish Cages are proposed used in the sea, to meet with ecological challenges in the aquaculture industry. In a closed fish production system, the farmer has increased control of how the fish are exposed to the environment, by controlling the flow and quality of the water entering and leaving the bag. A closed flexible floating system is not far from the currently used net cage fish farm systems, and may therefore be easier to put directly into operation. Even though a CFC seems to be an attractive solution, the existing knowledge about how the CFC will respond to external sea loads are limited. More knowledge is needed to understand the response of the cage if this technology are to be utilized in an industrial scale. Experimental data from towing experiments conducted in the summer of 2012, are analysed to better understand the current forces with connected deformations on the bag for different filling levels. The analysed bag showed an increased tendency to deform for decreasing filling levels, leading to an increase in drag coefficient. A new method for mathematical modelling of the increase in drag, by a filling-level-dependent drag coefficient is proposed. Earlier experiences with structural collapse of a similar concept have shown that it is crucial to secure the cage against raptures and escapes. To assure this, a method to detect leakage and pump failure at an early stage must be developed. To detect leakages it is important to know how the bag deforms under static conditions for lower filling levels. Experimental data from experiments conducted in the spring of 2013 was analysed related to deformations on the bag for different filling levels, with and without applied passive control by braces, under static conditions. A new method for modelling the deformed shape of the bag for decreasing filling levels is proposed.


The activation energies for rotations in low-temperature orthorhombic ammonia borane were analyzed and characterized in terms of electronic structure theory. The perdeuterated (11)B-enriched ammonia borane, (11)BD(3)ND(3), sample was synthesized, and the structure was refined from neutron powder diffraction data at 175 K. This temperature has been chosen as median of the range of previously reported nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements of these rotations. A representative molecular cluster model was assembled from the refined geometry, and the activation energies were calculated and characterized by analysis of the environmental factors that control the rotational dynamics. The barrier for independent NH(3) rotation, E(a) = 12.7 kJ mol(-1), largely depends on the molecular conformational torsion in the solid-state geometry. The barrier for independent BH(3) rotation, E(a) = 38.3 kJ mol(-1), results from the summation of the effect of molecular torsion and large repulsive intermolecular hydrogen-hydrogen interactions. However, a barrier of E(a) = 31.1 kJ mol(-1) was calculated for internally correlated rotation with preserved molecular conformation. Analysis of the barrier heights and the corresponding rotational pathways shows that rotation of the BH(3) group involves strongly correlated rotation of the NH(3) end of the molecule. This observation suggests that the barrier from previously reported measurement of BH(3) rotation corresponds to H(3)B-NH(3) correlated rotation.


Introduction Some evidences show that HSP70 is overexpressed in many cancers, and that high expression of this chaperone correlates with increased tumor grade and/or poor prognosis. Overexpression of HSP70 can provide a selective survival advantage to tumor cells in part due to its ability to inhibit cell death, through APAF-1 and caspase-9 pathway. Currently, some studies have shown that silencing of Hsp70 with antisense RNA induced massive cell death in breast cancer cell lines but was non-toxic to normal breast epithelial cells or normal human fibroblasts. This cell death was not dependent on p53, or inhibited by Bcl2. Other studies indicated that antisense-mediated Hsp70 inhibition in lung, oral, colon, prostate, liver and brain cancer cell lines also causes apoptosis. Despite several studies on the role of Hsp70 gene in apoptosis and drug resistance, there is a lack of information about this gene in multiple myeloma (MM). Objectives To analyze the importance of Hsp70 as a potential target for MM therapy through: 1) Hsp70 stable silencing in MM cell lines; 2) evaluation of the silencing effect of Hsp70 on the cell cycle and apoptosis. Methods MM cell lines (U266, SKO-007, SK-MM2 and RPMI8226) were maintained in RPMI 1640 media supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, L-glutamine, MEM NEAA, garamycin, at 37°C in the presence of CO 2 atmosphere at 5%. The Hsp70 expression in the four MM cell lines was assessed using real time PCR (qPCR). The relative gene expression was calculated using U266 as control and β-actin as a constitutive gene. Cell lines were submitted to transduction with pLKO lentiviral vector containing the short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) for Hsp70 silencing (shRNA Hsp70 ). Lentiviral vectors were transduced into the same strains with control sequences (scramble). Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, using annexin V and propidium iodide (PI), and using APAF-1 and caspase-9 expression by qPCR. Results RPMI8226 and U266 cell lines were chosen for the transduction experiments because their genetic characteristics [the first has normal FISH for 17p and the second has del17p (p53X1)] and good levels of Hsp70 expression. The transduction efficiency, measured in U266 line with pLKO vector with GFP gene, was 70%, demonstrating that there would be no technical restriction to perform this experiment. RPMI8226 and U266 cell lines were subjected to three independent transductions with the pLKO lentiviral vector containing shRNAHsp70 and shRNA scramble, followed by apoptosis evaluation by flow cytometry and qPCR. Hsp70 expression was inhibited in at least 80% of cells in both RPMI8226 and U266 when shRNAHsp70 transduced cell lines were compared with shRNA scramble. Late apoptosis (annexin V+/PI+) analysis, 7 days after transduction, showed statistically significant difference between cell lines transduced with shRNAHsp70 and shRNA scramble (p shRNAHsp70 and wild type (p APAF-1 and caspase-9 in both U266 and RPMI8226 transduced with shRNA Hsp70 and wild type or the same cell lines transduced with empty vector, 7 days after transduction, confirming the results obtained at cellular level. Conclusion In line with recent literature, the results obtained here with the Hsp70 stable silencing in MM cell lines RPMI8226 and U266 show a strong impact on the induction of late apoptosis, at gene and cellular levels, through APAF-1/caspase-9 pathway, suggesting that inhibitors of this heat shock can be explored as potential tools in the treatment of MM, using antisense-mediated Hsp70 inhibition, whatever patient9s 17p (p53) FISH status (Support by FAPESP 2010/17668-6). Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The optimal treatment strategy for coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) has not been well established. The benefit of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was inferred mainly from observational studies comparing successful versus failed PCI without a control group receiving optimal medical therapy (OMT). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing PCI using drug-eluting stent (DES) versus OMT alone in patients with CTO. Eight studies were identified: 3 RCTs and 5 observational studies. Among a total of 4784 included patients, 2461 patients underwent PCI and 2323 patients received OMT. There was a significant association between PCI and lower cardiac mortality (odds ratio = 0.62; 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.93; P = .02). There was no significant difference between PCI and OMT regarding major adverse cardiac events, recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), repeat revascularization, or stroke. In the RCT subset (1399 patients), there was no significant difference between PCI and OMT regarding clinical outcomes. Compared with OMT alone, PCI with DES for CTO was associated with lower cardiac mortality, mainly driven by observational studies, without significant difference in recurrent MI or repeated revascularization. Further RCTs are needed to investigate the role of PCI for management of patients with CTO.


The aim of this research paper is an investigation of heritage tourism entrepreneurship development in an independent Wales. It is particularly concerned with opportunities to develop industrial heritage tourism enterprises in the South Wales Valleys, in an independent Wales as well as the more rural parts of Wales. The research is based upon collective data to produce, in combination with the contemporary literature, four key themes to achieve a sustainable regeneration scheme for innovative heritage entrepreneurship development. These key themes are: agri-tourism, heritage tourism, cultural tourism, and pilgrimage tourism as well as reviewing transport infrastructure. This analysis has shown the growing significance of non-environmental sustainable development and socio-cultural regeneration. Throughout the main themes that have been analysed, the importance of heritage tourism entrepreneurship development has become particularly apparent. This has proved that they are practically inseparable due to the fact that they need to work together in order to provide a sustainable approach for regeneration to work effectively in the long-term. It has become apparent that a strategic approach is essential, for it is the only way forward that is sustainable in order to develop heritage tourism enterprises for future generations. Wales has a unique, institutional and governance framework to manage sustainable heritage entrepreneurship development (Williams & Thomas 2004). The process involves an array of duties, mechanisms, organisations, regimes and other arrangements at different levels and encompasses a wide range of public, private and voluntary organisations acting collectively (Williams & Thomas 2004). Williams and Thomas (2004: 05) highlight that "it is legitimate to suggest that Wales is presented with a huge opportunity for making a significant impact in SD...". The aim is to deliver sustainable change, but in order to achieve this everyone needs to "...work together to achieve the shared vision" (Davies 2005: 16).


This article explores ways to bridge the critical divide between African cinema and the commercial, digital video films being produced on the continent, focusing specifically on the Amharic-language films of the Ethiopian film industry. Cinema in Ethiopia is distinct from other experiences of cinema in Africa and yet largely unstudied because of the inaccessibility of Amharic to many Western-based scholars. This article will present original research into the (video) film experience in Ethiopia by offering localized perceptions and exploring specific Ethiopian films from a broad film studies perspective. After suggesting possible aesthetic comparisons between African cinema films and locally made popular films in Ethiopia and acknowledging both local and global influences on filmmaking in Ethiopia, I argue that African film and media studies should start to look beyond the moralizing discourse that has long dominated the scholarship and learn from the pleasure and popularity generated by video films in diverse African contexts.


Finite-density QCD and many other field theories with sign problems have a $\mathcal{PT}$-type symmetry. After a brief introduction to $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric field theories, a real dual representation for $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric scalar field theories with complex actions is derived. We show that $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric field theories can exhibit exotic behavior, including sinusoidally modulated propagators, disorder lines, and spatially inhomogeneous pattern-forming phases. We discuss the interplay of duality, $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry and pattern formation using a $\phi^4$ model and $Z(N)$ spin model with sign problems as examples. These behaviors may occur in finite-density QCD and related models.


It has been postulated that, because of its terrestrial origin, amber could not have preserved marine organisms. However, investigation of Upper Albian/Lower Cenomanian amber from south-western France showed that this assumption is wrong. Several highly fossiliferous samples provided the first known amber-preserved marine microfossils. A plethora of marine diatoms has been discovered. More than fifteen different morphospecies have been found corresponding to twelve different genera. A lot of oxea of demosponges, a tetraxone and a microsclere of demonsponges have been found associated with this diatom flora. Two specimens of radiolarians, a foraminifer and a spine of a larval sea urchin complete the assemblage of marine microfossils found in the mid-Cretaceous amber of south-western France. Mixed coastal forests dominated by conifers of the Araucariaceae family, growing at the eastern rim of the young Atlantic Ocean, were the amber source. The peculiar resin pieces containing the marine inclusions solidified on the forest floor and not on the trees, as evidenced by numerous syninclusions of litter and soil dwelling arthropods and microorganisms. The occurrence of marine organisms in the resin suggests that the amber forest must have been temporarily influenced by the nearby sea. The coastal resinous Araucaria forests of New Caledonia can possibly be considered as a modern equivalent of the French Mid-Cretaceous amber forests. The nearby sea influences the resiniferous forest as the mid-Cretaceous amber forest of south-western France should have been influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. In these peculiar conditions, shells and remnants of marine organisms can easily be introduced by wind, spray or high tide from the beach or the sea into the abundant resin flows of these forests. Investigation of other ambers for marine inclusions might become relevant for dating of ambers.


Plasma activity of the enzyme semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO; EC.220.127.116.11) has been reported to be high in disorders such as diabetes mellitus, chronic congestive heart failure and liver cirrhosis. Little is known of how the activity is regulated and, consequently, the cause for these findings is not well understood. Due to the early occurrence of increased enzyme activity in diabetes, in conjunction with the production of highly cytotoxic substances in SSAO-catalysed reactions, it has been speculated that there could be a causal relationship between high SSAO activity and vascular damage. Aminoacetone and methylamine are the best currently known endogenous substrates for human SSAO and the resulting aldehyde-products are methylglyoxal and formaldehyde, respectively. Both of these aldehydes have been shown to be implicated in the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs).This thesis is based on studies exploring the regulation of SSAO activity and its possible involvement in the development of vascular damage. The results further strengthen the connection between high SSAO activity and the occurrence of vascular damage, since type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy were found to have higher plasma activities of SSAO and lower urinary concentrations of methylamine than patients with uncomplicated diabetes. From studies on mice, it was also found that an SSAO inhibitor potently reduces the incorporation of methylamine-metabolite in the tissues. By quantifying SSAO-gene expression in alloxan-induced diabetes, increased transcription could be ruled out as a cause for the increased enzyme activity, thereby opening up for the possibility that the activity is regulated post-translationally. In fact, increased enzyme activity in adipose tissue was accompanied by decreased mRNA-levels, suggesting that the gene expression could be negatively controlled by the enzyme activity.


without a better understanding of how these more positive developments affect and coexist with the very real problems Rochlin has identified. We are also left without a clear sense of what is needed to ameliorate these problems in Mexico and of how that change might come about. The conclusion is not only vague but also remarkably moderate. The "fusion between state and societal security" can be achieved with "a functional economic system paired with legitimate political structures" (p. 187). There is no reason to believe that the author is referring to anything other than a capitalist democracy. It is puzzling, therefore, that Rochlin should call this a "fairy-tale scenario of major structural reform" (p. 187), given the modesty of the prescription as well as recent advances in Mexican economic growth and democratization. What is needed, Rochlin says in the final paragraph of the book, is "good government and.. . policies that generate social consent" (p. 190). Unfortunately, the book does not move us beyond this selfevident conclusion to a better appreciation of what such policies should be.


One case of othematoma caused by high +Gz load and an improperly fitted helmet is described. Many recommended modalities of treatment are followed by the reaccumulation of the fluid. Compression sutures should, therefore, be the treatment of choice. A properly-fitted, light-weight helmet can help prevent this injury.


Damping and modulus measurements were made on high-purity, polycrystalline silver during 1.5 MeV electron irradiations in the temperature range 310 K to 590 K. A suggested interpretation of the pinning rate data gave a value of 0.24+or-0.01 eV for the difference in interstitial migration energies in the lattice and the dislocation line and an approximate value of 0.25 eV for the binding energy of a vacancy to the dislocation line. An initial increase in the decrement (peaking effect) at the onset of radiation was observed at different amplitudes and at temperatures as high as 590 K.


The Cloud Computing model for the deployment of business critical applications poses a challenge on network management facilities given the dependency on good network connectivity to utilize the services. This paper describes a work on progress for the application of network management solution in a hybrid cloud computing implementation. The cloud implementation includes public and private cloud servers. As a management method for the end-to-end management solution the use of Fuzzy Logic is proposed as a method for the combination of real time data and user defined parameters.


The effects of cocaine hydrochloride infusion on left ventricular function in the anesthetized dog were observed under controlled heart rate and blood pressure conditions. In every case an immediate decrease in performance, as evidenced by maximal + rate of change of ventricular pressure (dP/dt), occurred and was a linear function of cumulative dose. Maximal (-) dP/dt also declined, indicating a decreased rate of ventricular relaxation. Right atrial and left ventricular end diastolic pressure increased, with no change in cardiac output or cardiac work, whereas coronary flow decreased slightly. This small decrease in coronary flow was probably related to the decrease in contractile vigor rather than a direct effect of cocaine on vascular tone. Although plasma norepinephrine concentration initially increased, ventricular function did not increase and continued to decline with cumulative cocaine dose. Tissue norepinephrine levels measured in isolated heart-lung preparations were not depleted. These findings indicate a direct toxic action of cocaine on the myocardium, decreasing both contractile performance and relaxation state. Plasma cocaine levels were constant during continuous infusion of the drug, indicating that the progressive toxicity observed did not result from increased circulating cocaine.


Edward Glaeser and Dwight Jaffee argue that Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae are actively pursuing great risk at taxpayer expense and private profit: the cure is a tax on their $1.5 trillion in borrowing that could yield as much as $6 billion a year.


Pediatric obesity is an urgent and complex public health issue. Approximately one-third of Canadian children are overweight or obese, a proportion that highlights the need for effective and accessible services to improve short- and long-term health risks. In our experience, we have encountered a number of challenges common in pediatric obesity management across our clinical and research centers. For the purpose of this review, these challenges and our real-world experiences are grouped as issues that span (i) caring for children, adolescents, and families, (ii) collaborating with colleagues and (iii) working within the health care system. Collectively, we highlight a number of lessons learned from our years of experience and detail ongoing initiatives designed to optimize health services for managing obesity for children and adolescents in Canada.


We have studied electronic and magnetic structure of Mn-dimer molecule using OpenMX method based on density functional method. The calculated density of states shows that the four O atoms split e g and t 2g energy levels. The energy splitting by the crystal field is smaller than bulk MnO with cubic structure, because of small coordination number of atoms. Total energy with antiferromagnetic spin configuration is lower than that of ferromagnetic configurations. Calculated exchange interaction J between Mn atoms is one order larger than that of the other Mn-O magnetic molecules. That comes from the direct exchange interaction between Mn 3d orbitals and the super-exchange interactions caused by strong σ-bonding of Mn-O orbitals.


Objective This study was performed to identify whether growth and differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expressions would be lower in the follicular fluid (FF) of those over age 35 who underwent IVF than under age 35. Methods A total of 24 IVF cycles (20 patients) were included in this study. All of patients were stimulated for IVF by the GnRH short protocol and divided into two groups for analysis, according to their age: <35 group (14 cycles, 11 patients) vs. ≥35 group (10 cycles, 9 patients). The expression levels of GDF-9 and TGF-β1 were determined by western blotting and quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The numbers of retrieved oocytes and metaphase II oocytes were significantly lower in the ≥35 group. Lower expression of GDF-9 and TGF-β1 by western blotting in the ≥35 group were observed as well. The mean GDF-9 and TGF-β1 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were lower in the ≥35 group. The values were 6,850.5±928.4 ng/L vs. 3,333.3±1,089.2 ng/L of GDF-9 (p<0.05) and 3,844.1±571.1 ng/L vs. 2,187.7±754.0 ng/L of TGF-β1 (p<0.05). A negative correlation between GDF-9 and age was observed (r=-0.546, p=0.006). Conclusion GDF-9 and TGF-β1 production from stimulated ovaries during IVF appears to decrease with age.


Abstract The suspension of Black boys from school is a longstanding issue that places them at increased risk for negative academic and social–emotional outcomes. While risk factors for suspension are often documented, concurrently examining protective factors such as school belonging and self-esteem occurs infrequently. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between Body Mass Index (BMI), school belonging, self-esteem, race, gender, and school suspension. Results from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) indicated that BMI was a significant predictor of school suspension overall, but not for Black boys. Furthermore our hypotheses were not supported in that regardless of the levels of school belonging for Black boys, their levels of school suspension were not impacted as was the case with their peers. So it was not that they were big, just that they were Black as it relates to school suspension and Black boys. Implications are discussed in terms of the improving outcomes of Black boys. Impact Statement Black boys are suspended from school at higher rates than any group. Large body size is thought to be a risk factor for negative outcomes based on societal perceptions. For Black boys, body mass index does not predict school suspension.


The world economy has been passing through interesting and significant changes for several years now promising for some (the emerging countries in particular) and not so promising for others (the developed countries). Huge transfer of resources has taken place and the process is continuing. In this context, it is but natural for African observers to raise the question: African share of world resources remaining somewhat unchanged (as per the World Bank data), what is the role and future of the African countries in this changing scenario? Are they going to be partners in the transfer of resources that is being experienced? An attempt has been made here to examine the case of Ghana – a leading economy in the continent. The author wouldcontendthatalthoughthecountryispoisedtogrowspectacularlyassomeforecasterswouldenvisage,thanks to the prospect of oil revenues, Ghana has to traverse a long way if it is to be noticed in the world bodies. Growth and development must occur in substantive measures from the present state of affairs. Agriculture, almost the backbone for any developing country, must take the lead to offer meaningful support to the more promising industry. The real economy, in its basic form, must be properly understood, developed and managed with strategic investments in place. And this must be followed by or accompanied with a vibrant knowledge-based service economy. Failing this, the burgeoning oil wealth may only be hallucinatory at best. Keywords: Ghanaianeconomy;Worldeconomicorder;Economicforecast


Natural language is hypothetically the best user interface for many domains. However, general models that provide an interface between natural language and any other domain still do not exist. Providing natural language interface to relational databases could possibly attract a vast majority of users that are or are not proficient with query languages. With the rise of deep learning techniques, there is extensive ongoing research in designing a suitable natural language interface to relational databases.
This survey aims to overview some of the latest methods and models proposed in the area of SQL query generation from natural language. We describe models with various architectures such as convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, pointer networks, reinforcement learning, etc. Several datasets intended to address the problem of SQL query generation are interpreted and briefly overviewed. In the end, evaluation metrics utilized in the field are presented mainly as a combination of execution accuracy and logical form accuracy.


The ANTARES detector is a Cherenkov underwater neutrino telescope operating in the Mediterranean Sea. Its construction was completed in 2008. Even though optimised for the search of cosmic neutrinos, this telescope is also sensitive to nuclearites (massive nuggets of strange quark matter) trough the black body radiation emitted along their path. We discuss here the possible detection of non-relativistic down-going nuclearites with the ANTARES telescope and present the results of an analysis using data collected from 2009 till 2017.


Investigations assessing the predictive value of diagnostic tests are rarely performed. Several factors may contribute to this matter. Firstly, a diagnostic key is required, secondly a pathoanatomic examination is most often regarded as the true diagnostic key and thirdly, when this demand cannot be met clinical syndromes are created. However, a prediction of the clinical course is of major value to the physician compared to a pathoanatomic diagnosis. Together with the paraclinical data, the clinical course may comprise the diagnostic key in assessing diagnostic probabilities or "probabilities of a certain clinical course", i e the actual predictive probabilities.


The involvement of γδ TCR-bearing lymphocytes in immunological memory has gained increasing interest due to their functional duality between adaptive and innate immunity. γδ T effector memory (TEM) and central memory (TCM) subsets have been identified, but their respective roles in memory responses are poorly understood. In the present study, we used subsequent mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infections of αβ T cell deficient mice in order to analyze the memory potential of γδ T cells. As for CMV-specific αβ T cells, MCMV induced the accumulation of cytolytic, KLRG1+CX3CR1+ γδ TEM that principally localized in infected organ vasculature. Typifying T cell memory, γδ T cell expansion/proliferation in organs and blood was higher and more efficient after secondary viral challenge than after primary infection. Viral control upon MCMV reinfection involved the T-cell receptor, and was associated with a preferential amplification of private and unfocused TCR δ chain repertoire as evidenced by next generation sequencing. The γδ T cell secondary response to MCMV was composed by a combination of clonotypes expanded post-primary infection and, more unexpectedly, of novel expanded clonotypes. Finally, Long-term-primed γδ TCM cells, but not γδ TEM cells, protected T cell-deficient hosts against MCMV-induced death upon adoptive transfer, probably through their ability to survive and to generate TEM in the recipient host. Overall, our study uncovered memory properties of long-lived TCM γδ T cells that confer protection in a chronic infection, highlighting the interest of this T cell subset in vaccination approaches. AUTHOR SUMMARY Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a widespread, latent virus that can cause severe organ disease in immune-compromised patients. Anti-CMV memory immune responses are essential to control viral reactivation and/or reinfection events that commonly take place in solid organ transplantation. The role of γδ T-cell receptor bearing lymphocytes could be crucial in this context where immunosuppressive/ablative treatments cause suboptimal and/or delayed αβ T cell responses. Here we asked whether γδ T cells could compensate for the absence of αβ T cells in the long-term control of mouse CMV infection. Three months post-primary viral challenge in αβ-T cell deficient mice, γδ T cells displayed similar features as cytolytic, CMV-specific αβ CD8 T cells. We showed that previous priming with CMV endowed γδ T cells with an enhanced antiviral potential and that long-term maintenance of γδ-mediated antiviral protection was dependent on γδ central memory T cells (TCM). The γδ T cell response to a secondary CMV challenge was dependent on γδ TCR-signaling and generated a private TCR δ repertoire as observed in human. Our results sustain the adaptive-like properties of these unconventional T cells and reveal the interest of targeting γδ TCM subset in novel antiviral vaccination approaches.


This paper investigates the effect of the horizontal and vertical components of ground motions (HGM and VGM, respectively) on the seismic response of Reinforced Concrete (RC) buildings designed to modern capacity design principles and located in the vicinity of active faults. Fiber-based analytical models are used to monitor the global and local response of twelve reference structures, including verifying the response modification factor and tracing the member shear supply-demand response using a ductility- and axial force-sensitive shear strength approach. The simulation models are subjected to near-field earthquake records with increasing severity up to collapse, including and excluding VGM. The results indicate that the lower the contribution of horizontal seismic forces to the seismic response, the higher is the significance of VGM. The fluctuation of axial forces in vertical structural members significantly increases when including VGM. This not only has direct consequences on tension and compression response but also has impact on shear capacity. The diverse range of buildings and performance criteria and large number of incremental dynamic analyses confirm the importance of including VGM in seismic design and assessment of contemporary RC buildings, and hence cast doubts on the reliability of pre-code structures located in the vicinity of active faults.


After the rapid development of microwave power generating devices during World War II for military purposes, many practical uses of microwave power were identified. One of the early applications in medicine was the use of microwave heating, or "diathermy," to warm tissues for therapeutic benefits [Moor, 1965; Schwan, 1965]. It is still believed that increased localized tissue temperature promotes blood flow and healing, relieves pain, and there is some biochemical basis for this presumption. A more recent medical application of microwave power has been to generate local tissue hyperthermia, or temperature elevation, as a possible cancer therapy. It has long been reported in the literature that temperature elevation retards cancer growth. Recent studies have indicated that heat may preferentially kill cancer cells in comparison with normal cells, and it has also been demonstrated that local hyperthermia can make radiation therapy and chemotherapy more effective [Proceedings, 1975].


The authors investigated, using computer-assisted one-dimensional echocardiography, the influence of systematic two-year sports training on the heart of children engaged in sports (ice hockey n = 20) and a control group of boys not engaged in sports training (n = 25) of the same age (12.6 +/- 0.3 years). At the beginning of the investigation and after two years' training between the two groups no significant differences were found in the following parameters: fractional systolic reduction of the inner diameter of the left ventricle, fractionated systolic enlargement of the interventricular septum, relative width of the left ventricular wall, index of asymetricity of left ventricular hypertrophy and weight of the left ventricle. In none of the investigated parameters the values in sportsmen were beyond the physiological range. The authors did not observe in sportsmen a tendency towards concentric or assymetric hypertrophy of the left ventricle.


Using existing gold standard structures to manage "handover" was a conceptual communication challenge for nurses involved in critically important shift-to-shift transitions in this study, which was conducted at a Central Coast California District Hospital. An extensive body of literature identifies poor communication as jeopardizing patient safety, quality, and continuity of care. Researchers who used the prevailing structures, Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation (SBAR), used by the World Health Organization (WHO), and the Communication During Patient Handover (CDPH), sanctioned by The Joint Commission (TJC), had difficulty categorizing content described by nurses as necessary to the delivery of competent care. This article describes a study that resulted in an alternative structure for handover, D-BANQ, which aligns with prevailing WHO-SBAR and TJC-CDPH handover structures and provides an easy-to-follow chronological format for the content that nurses identified as necessary to communicate during this important nursing activity.


This study aims to determine the effect of providing job training on the performance of employees home industry "Praktis" Magetan. The research used quantitative descriptive method. The instruments used to collect data are questionnaires or questionnaires. The result of this research indicates that there is a significant positive effect of training variable on employee performance, it is proved by regression analysis result that get Y = 14,340 + 0,5307X,  that  means  if  job  training  variable  (X)  increase  by  1%,  hence  employee performance Will increase by 0.5307, if other factors are considered fixed. Test t calculation r esults  obtained  t count (9,9076) ³ t table (1.66691)  This  situation  can  be  said  there  is different influence of training on employee performance on the Shoes and Slippers "Praktis" Magetan Leather Sandal. Thus it can be concluded that the training effect on employee performance.


Current evidence indicates an immunostimulating role for complex carbohydrates, i.e., polysaccharides, from several plant sources. In the present work, we determined the specific in vivo effects, with time of administration, of one such compound, a neutral arabinogalactan from larch not only on immune (lymphoid) cells, but also on natural killer (NK) lymphoid cells, as well as a variety of other hemopoietic cells in both the bone marrow and spleen of healthy, young adult mice. The latter were injected daily (i.p.) with arabinogalactan (500 microg in 0.1 ml pH 7.2 phosphate buffered saline-PBS) for 7 or 14 days. Additional, aged (1 1/2-2 yr) mice were similarly injected for 14 days only. Control mice were given the PBS vehicle in all cases, following the above injection regimen. Animals from all groups were sampled 24 h after the final injection and the immune and hemopoietic cell populations in the bone marow and spleen were assessed quantitatively. The results indicated that immediately following either 7 or 14 days of arabinogalactan administration to young, adult mice, lymphoid cells in the bone marrow were significantly decreased (p < 0.004; p < 0.001, respectively) relative to controls but remained unchanged at both time intervals in the spleen. NK cells, after 7 days of arabinogalactan exposure, were also decreased significantly in the bone marrow (p < 0.02), but unchanged in the spleen. After 14 days' exposure to the polysaccharide, NK cells in the bone marrow had returned to normal (control) levels, but were increased in the spleen (p < 0.004) to levels greater than 2-fold that of control. Among other hemopoietic cell lineages, none was influenced in the bone marrow or spleen by one-week administration of arabinogalactan; however, after two-week exposure, precursor myeloid cells and their mature (functional) progeny (granulocytes), were significantly reduced in the spleen (p < 0.043; p < 0.006, respectively), as were splenic monocytes (p < 0.001). These lineages in the bone marrow, however, remained steadfastly unaltered even after 14 days of continuous exposure to the agent. Of the vast cascade of cytokines induced in the presence of this polysaccharide, it appears that immunopoiesis- and hemopoiesis-inhibiting ones are most prevalent during at least the first two weeks of daily exposure.


In about 20% of patients with myelomatosis there is no circulating paraprotein, and the demonstration of Bence-Jones proteinuria becomes a crucial part of the diagnostic process (Hobbs, 1971). The following case illustrates the importance of using adequate technical methods. A woman aged 55, who had been on steroids for asthma for many years, presented with a two-year history of back pain, and pathological fractures of the femur and two thoracic vertebrae. There was radiological evidence of focal osteolytic bone disease and of generalized osteoporosis. She had proteinuria, and


Although hard rigid rods (k-mers) defined on the square lattice have been widely studied in the literature, their entropy per site, s(k), in the full-packing limit is only known exactly for dimers (k=2) and numerically for trimers (k=3). Here, we investigate this entropy for rods with k≤7, by defining and solving them on Husimi lattices built with diagonal and regular square-lattice clusters of effective lateral size L, where L defines the level of approximation to the square lattice. Due to an L-parity effect, by increasing L we obtain two systematic sequences of values for the entropies s_{L}(k) for each type of cluster, whose extrapolations to L→∞ provide estimates of these entropies for the square lattice. For dimers, our estimates for s(2) differ from the exact result by only 0.03%, while that for s(3) differs from best available estimates by 3%. In this paper, we also obtain a new estimate for s(4). For larger k, we find that the extrapolated results from the Husimi tree calculations do not lie between the lower and upper bounds established in the literature for s(k). In fact, we observe that, to obtain reliable estimates for these entropies, we should deal with levels L that increase with k. However, it is very challenging computationally to advance to solve the problem for large values of L and for large rods. In addition, the exact calculations on the generalized Husimi trees provide strong evidence for the fully packed phase to be disordered for k≥4, in contrast to the results for the Bethe lattice wherein it is nematic.


Eight recently drilled core holes (totaling 2200 feet) in the Waimanalo coastal plain of Oahu, Hawaii, have yielded significant stratigraphic and lithologic evidence of a series of eustatic risings and fallings of sea level in the Central Pacific Basin during Pleistocene time. Four major regressions and four major transgressions of the sea have been recognized and correlated with the major glacial and interglacial stages on the basis that each stratigraphically. recognized major regression corresponds to a major glacial stage. The depositional environment that produced this remarkable geologic record was set in a broad, flat, windward island fringe fronting a drowned amphitheater-headed valley. Reef limestones, calcareous clays, lithified calcareous dune sands, littoral sands, and terrigeneous deposits comprise the bulk of the sediments penetrated. The transgressive and regressive stratigraphy corresponds to major eustatic changes in sea level and provides convenient lithologic grouping of four formations: the Kahuku Point (Transgression I, Aftonian?, and Regression II, Kansan?), Kaena (Transgression II, Yarmouth), Bellows Field (Regression III, Illinoian), and Waimanalo (Transgression III, Sangamon). Stratigraphic evidence indicates that the Koolau Volcano of Oahu ceased its activity, was deeply incised by amphitheater-headed valleys, and subsequently drowned and partly filled with sediments during late Tertiary time.


Assembly-line tasks were studied in order to acquire realistic estimates of requisite gripper and finger touch-sen sor design parameters. This was done in the context of noted time-and-motion variables, object configuration, weight and other physical characteristics, and any perceived requirements having to do with speed, accuracy, and delicacy. Small- and medium-sized parts assem bly was used to estimate requisite tac tile-pad-array size, resolution, and sensitivity. For each task studied, esti mates were also made for gripper con figuration and for overall difficulty of achieving the technology required. The estimated tactile-array, spatial-resolu tion needs are surprisingly small for a large variety of industrial assembly tasks. Arrays of no more than 8 X 8 pressure-sensitive points with interpoint spacing of 0.1 in and capable of sensing slippage appear to promise consider able capability. Such arrays, placed on two-jawed grippers and three-fingered anthropomorphic hands are concluded to be able to permit robotic replacement of humans in more than 80% of the assembly tasks studied.


Dehydrative glycosidation reactions reported by the authors' group are reviewed. The authors' efforts were concentrated on developing reagent systems usable for one-stage-one-pot glycosidation. Such systems could simplify the glycosidation step using 1-OH sugar derivatives, since any preactivation stage for the hemiacetal OH group could be omitted. The systems, utilizing the dehydration potential of sulfonyl chloride, such as the p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride-silver trifluoromethanesulfonate-triethylamine system as well as the p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride-silver trifluoromethanesulfonate-N,N-dimethylacetamide-triethylamine system, were useful for the syntheses of many kinds of oligosaccharides. As a system free from any metals, the authors developed the trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate-pyridine (TP) system. During the study of the system containing cobalt (II) bromide, the authors found that the bromide converts 1-OH sugar into the corresponding 1-Br derivative, which is then activated with the cobalt salt to undergo glycosidation with alcohol. To prepare partially benzylated sugar derivatives used as acceptors in the authors' studies, controlled benzylation and forced tritylation were carried out. Short syntheses of a variety of useful sugar derivatives using such convenient procedures are described. As a novel protecting group for the hemiacetal OH group, the authors used the 2-methoxyethyl group. Many kinds of trehalose-type disaccarides we prepared.


The Society of Teachers of Family Medicine has always been an organization with a deep sense of social responsibility that has valued diversity of people, ideas, and opinions and discussion of important political and societal issues. With the diversity and passions of its members, the STFM Board is commonly asked to take stands on controversial political or social issues. This has led to some interesting and sometimes spirited discussions among our Board or Executive Committee members.


The Relevant in Context retrieval task is document or article retrieval with a twist, where not only the relevant articles should be retrieved but also the relevant information within each article (captured by a set of XML elements) should be correctly identified. Our main research question is: how to evaluate the Relevant in Context task? We propose a generalized average precision measure that meets two main requirements: i) the score reflects the ranked list of articles inherent in the result list, and at the same time ii) the score also reflects how well the retrieved information per article (i.e., the set of elements) corresponds to the relevant information. The resulting measure was used at INEX 2006.


Post reform era has changed the whole structure of banking sector of India. The emerging Competition has resulted in new challenges for the Indian banks. Hence, parameters for evaluating the performance of banks have also changed. This paper provides an empirical Approach to the analysis of profitability indicators with a focal point on non-performing assets (NPAs) of public and private sector banks . Non-performing assets are one of the major concerns for banks in India .NPAs reflect the performance of banks. The earning capacity and profitability of the banks are highly affected because of the existence of NPAs . A high level of NPAs suggests that large number of credit defaults that affect the profitability and net-worth of banks. Private and public Sector banks are highly affected by this three letter virus NPA, .This paper an effort has been made to evaluate the operational performance of the selected PSBs & Private bank in India and also analyze how efficiently Public and Private sector banks can managing NPA. The magnitude of NPA was comparatively higher in public sectors banks compared to private banks under study but now, they have managed the number at lower end. ICICI bank still do have higher NPA figure compared to PSB under study


Purpose The study aimed to assess the accuracy of the FY-L formula in calculating intraocular lens (IOL) power after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Methods For the post-SMILE IOL calculation of the same eye, the IOL power targeting the pre-SMILE eyes' lowest myopic refractive error was used. The FY-L formula, the Emmetropia Verifying Optical Formula (EVO-L), the Barrett True-K no history, and the Shammas-L, respectively, were used to calculate the predicted refractive error of target IOL power. A comparison was made between the change in spherical equivalent induced by SMILE (SMILE-Dif) and the variance between IOL-Dif (IOL-Induced Refractive Error) before and after SMILE. The prediction error (PE) was defined as SMILE-Dif minus IOL-Dif. The proportion of eyes with PEs within ±0.25 D, ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, and ±1.00 D, the numerical and absolute prediction errors (PEs and AEs), and the median absolute error (MedAE) were compared. Results In total, 80 eyes from 42 patients who underwent SMILE were included in the study. The FY-L formula generated the sample's lowest mean PE (0.06 ± 0.76 D), MAE (0.58 ± 0.50 D), and MedAE (0.47 D), respectively. The PEs in ±0.25 D, ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, and ±1.00 D comprised 28.8%, 46.3%, 70.0%, and 87.5%, respectively, for the FY-L formula. Compared to other formulas, the FY-L formula produced the highest value with PEs for the percentage of eyes in ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, and ±1.00 D. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the FY-L formula provides satisfactory outcomes in estimating the IOL power in the eyes after SMILE.


The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between three key variables, namely Destination image, satisfaction and loyalty in curative tourism industry in Jordan. The seven dimensions of the Destination image employed in this study are travel environment, natural attractions, infrastructure, accessibility, outdoor activities, and price and value. 202 tourists visiting the Dead Sea in Jordan were used as the sample. The result of the study demonstrates that tourist satisfaction mediates the relationship between Destination


The project described in this paper involved the design of a survey of shared-use path safety for use at three facilities in Connecticut in the fall of 2002 and the summer of 2003. The objective was to collect self-reported information on collision and fall events and on travel exposure so that crash rates could be developed. The analysis of the self-reported events and travel patterns provides complementary data that are not available from other sources but are needed to address safety concerns on these facilities. The strengths of this approach include the collection of underreported minor events and the ability to estimate travel exposure and thus allow the estimation of crash rates per unit distance. The sample size of 684 was sufficient only for the development of aggregate crash rates, which suggest that skaters have the highest rates, followed by bicyclists and then pedestrians. The bicycle event rate was three times that of pedestrians, while the rate for skaters was more than six times that for pedestrians. Falls were more frequently reported than collisions, and they were more often associated with an injury. The overall incident rate for each of the three individual facilities was the highest for the path with the highest user volume and highest percentage of skaters and cyclists.


mtDNA damage in cardiac myocytes resulting from increased oxidative stress is emerging as an important factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. A prevalent lesion that occurs in mtDNA damage is the formation of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), which can cause mutations when not repaired properly by 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (Ogg1). Although the mtDNA repair machinery has been described in cardiac myocytes, the regulation of this repair has been incompletely investigated. Here we report that the hearts of type 1 diabetic mice, despite having increased Ogg1 protein levels, had significantly lower Ogg1 activity than the hearts of control, non-type 1 diabetic mice. In diabetic hearts, we further observed increased levels of 8-OHdG and an increased amount of mtDNA damage. Interestingly, Ogg1 was found to be highly O-GlcNAcylated in diabetic mice compared with controls. In vitro experiments demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation inhibits Ogg1 activity, which could explain the mtDNA lesion accumulation observed in vivo. Reducing Ogg1 O-GlcNAcylation in vivo by introducing a dominant negative O-GlcNAc transferase mutant (F460A) restored Ogg1 enzymatic activity and, consequently, reduced 8-OHdG and mtDNA damage despite the adverse hyperglycemic milieu. Taken together, our results implicate hyperglycemia-induced O-GlcNAcylation of Ogg1 in increased mtDNA damage and, therefore, provide a new plausible biochemical mechanism for diabetic cardiomyopathy.


Each education institute has a great longing to be able to conduct all education programs thoroughly. The desire to do the whole brings in the school endeavor that is how to create favorable situation between schools and students' participant.  The aim in doing close relationship between school and students' participant is to give more comprehension for them in school life. Home visit is one of the school programs whose enormous effect in attempting school programs. It does not only overcome the students' difficulty or achievement of learning but also has a function as offering school programs which is necessary participation or involvement of students' participant and  people in the society to accomplish school programs well. Keyword:  Home Visit, development, and Education


3% We report an analysis of the genomic diversity of isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei , the cause of melioidosis, recovered in Colombia from routine surveillance during 2016–2017. B. pseudomallei appears genetically di -verse, suggesting it is well established and has spread across the region.


Abstract Non-dicamba-resistant soybean yield loss resulting from dicamba off-target injury has become an increasing concern for soybean growers in recent years. After off-target dicamba movement occurs onto sensitive soybean, little information is available on tactics that could be used to mitigate the cosmetic or yield losses that may occur. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in 2017, 2018, and 2019 to determine whether certain recovery treatments of fungicide, plant growth hormone, macro- and micronutrient fertilizer combinations, or weekly irrigation could reduce dicamba injury and/or result in similar yield to soybean that was not injured with dicamba. Simulated drift events of dicamba (5.6 g ae ha–1) were applied to non-dicamba-resistant soybean once they reached the V3 or R2 stages of growth. Recovery treatments were applied approximately 14 d after the simulated drift event. Weekly irrigation was the only recovery treatment that provided appreciable levels of injury reduction or increases in soybean height or yield compared to the dicamba-injured plants. Weekly irrigation following the R2 dicamba injury event resulted in an 1% to 14% increase in soybean yield compared with the dicamba-injured control. All other recovery treatments resulted in soybean yields that were similar to the dicamba-injured control, and similar to or lower than the nontreated control. Results from this study indicate that if soybean have become injured with dicamba, weekly irrigation will help soybean recover some of the yield loss and reduce injury symptoms that resulted from off-target dicamba movement, especially in a year with below average precipitation. However, yield loss will likely not be restored to that of noninjured soybean. Nomenclature: Dicamba; soybean; Glycine max (L.) Merr.