The Cauvery basin in southern India is experiencing transboundary issues due to increasing water demand. This study analysed water balance components and the impact of agricultural water management (AWM) interventions in the upper Cauvery catchment of the Cauvery basin. Results showed that the study catchment receives an average of 1280 mm of annual rainfall. Of this, 29% (370 mm) flows downstream, 54% (700 mm) contributes to evapotranspiration (ET) and 17% (215 mm) contributes to groundwater recharge and surface storage. Rainfall varies from 700 to 5400 mm and the Western Ghats (mountain pass) are the main source of freshwater generation. The estimated ET in different catchments ranged from 500 to 900 mm per annum. An increase in the allocation of fresh water supplied by all three reservoirs (Hemavathi, Harangi and KRS) was observed in the canal command areas, from 1450 million cubic metres (MCM) yr‾¹ in 1971–1980 to 3800 MCM yr‾¹ in 2001–2010. AWM interventions harvested 140–160 MCM (13–20 mm) of surface runoff upstream of the upper Cauvery and reduced inflow into the Krishnaraja Sagar reservoir by 2–6%. The study findings are useful for designing and planning suitable water management interventions at basin scale.


Purpose To report the clinical profile and management of orbital tuberculosis (TB) in children. Methods Eight cases were studied retrospectively. Results Ages in the range of 3–16 years. Three cases presented with discharging sinus in upper lid, three with a cystic mass and two with lid necrosis. Underlying bony changes were found in five patients. Drainage and curettage was done for five patients, needle drainage of fluid was done in one patient and in two patients local debridement was done. Polymerase chain reaction for tuberculosis was positive in four cases and acid fast bacilli (AFB) were isolated on culture in three cases. On histopathology, six cases had granulomatous inflammation with caseating necrosis in one, though AFB could not be found. A favourable response to anti-tubercular treatment was achieved in all cases. Conclusion High index of suspicion is required for diagnosis of orbital TB. Microbiological and pathological diagnosis may not be achieved in all cases.


In the Mechanistic–Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG), one of the most important material inputs for designing flexible pavements is the dynamic modulus (E*). Currently, AASHTO has provided a provisional test specification for measuring the E* of hot-mix asphalt mixtures, AASHTO TP62-07 [Standard Method of Test for Determining Dynamic Modulus of Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA)]. Under AASHTO TP62-07, recommendations are provided for sample preparation–compaction, measurement system, testing conditions–procedures, and calculations. Unfortunately, information regarding the general precision of the test method does not exist. With many different test machines capable of conducting AASHTO TP62-07 and the importance of E* in flexible pavement design, an understanding of the general precision of the test method and its influence on the MEPDG is needed. This paper describes the results of a round-robin study conducted to address the need for a precision-type statement for AASHTO TP62-07. Seven laboratories, all having equipment compliant with the specifications in AASHTO TP62-07, were asked to laboratory age, compact, prepare, and test six HMA test specimens according to the provisions in AASHTO TP62-07. A statistical analysis was conducted on the test data in a precision statement environment. On the basis of the test results, an initial precision statement for AASHTO TP62-07 was generated and presented. The test results for the seven different laboratories were also used as inputs in the MEPDG to evaluate the relative differences in predicted pavement distresses. Results from the precision evaluation were used to recommend modifications to AASHTO TP62-07 to promote greater precision in different testing laboratories and the results were reevaluated in the MEPDG.


Book synopsis: Autobiography in France has taken a decidedly visual turn in recent years: photographs, shown or withheld, become evidence of what was, might have been, or cannot be said; photographers, filmmakers, and cartoonists undertake projects that explore issues of identity. Textual and Visual Selves investigates, from a variety of theoretical perspectives, the ways in which the textual and the visual combine in certain French works to reconfigure ideas—and images—of self-representation.

Surprisingly, what these accounts reveal is that photography or film does not necessarily serve to shore up the referentiality of the autobiographical account: on the contrary, the inclusion of visual material can even increase indeterminacy and ambiguity. Far from offering documentary evidence of an extratextual self coincident with the "I" of the text, these images testify only to absence, loss, evasiveness, and the desire to avoid objectification. However, where Roland Barthes famously saw the photograph as a prefiguration of death, in this volume we see how the textual strategies deployed by these writers and artists result in work that is ultimately life-affirming.


Background & Aims: End stage renal disease (ESRD) is one the chronic and threatening life disease. The disorders of the disease and its treatment reveal the need to help these patients in various dimension of health. As paying attention to spiritual dimension can have a great impact on health gain; this study was performed to examine the spiritual health in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Material & Methods: This descriptive analytical study was done in 96 patients selected by census sampling, from three hemodialysis centers of Isfahan University of medical science. Information collected through a questionnaire with two parts: demographics part & Palutzian and Ellison spiritual health questionnaire. The data analyzed by SPSS 16, ANOVA, independent t test, Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficient test. Results: The results indicated that 25 % of patients had high level, 74% had moderate level and 1% had low level spirituality. There was a significant correlation between the level of education (P =0.002) and marital status (P =0.033) with the level of mental health, but it had no significant relationship with the sex (P=0.28), age (P =00104), the number of children (P =0/465), history of other diseases (P =0.56) and hospitalizations (P =00407). Conclusion: Findings showed that the level of Spiritual health was moderate in hemodialysis patients and Spirituality health was higher in married and educated patients. As a result for promotion of spirituality health, it is suggested to provide religious-based interventions in people with lower spiritual health.


Introduction Immunotherapy is currently the most promising antitumor treatment approach. However, the colon cancer immunotherapy indication dMMR/MSI-H do not cover all colon cancer patients suitable for immunotherapy. We performed transcriptome-wide expression profile analyses of pMMR/MSS colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) specimens from TCGA database to identify a genetype signature associated with tumor immune microenvironment types (TIMTs). Methods TCGA database was used to identify tumor genotypes suitable for antitumor immunotherapy. We analyzed RNA-sequencing profiles of 338 COAD targeted to the pMMR/MSS group from TCGA public dataset. The ESTIMATE and the CIBERSORT were used to analyze the pMMR/MSS COAD immune microenvironment between APC wild and APC mutation. Furthermore, we further verified the relationship between APC genotype and TIMTs and the efficacy of immunotherapy in 42 colon cancer specimens. Results We identified that in APC-wt/MSS colon cancer, the expressions of PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA4, and CYT (GZMA and PRF1) were increased. The TMB, Immunoscore, and the proportion of CT8+ T cell infiltration also were identified increasing in these patients. And pathway enrichment analysis for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between APC-wt and APC-mt MSS COAD was done to further explore their biological function. Similarly, the significant pathways for DEGs were mainly enriched in the immune response, extracellular matrix, and cell adhesion which involved in immune response. Specimens from 42 colon cancer patients, including 22 APC-mt/MSS and 20 APC-wt/MSS, were immunohistochemically evaluated for expression of CD8 and PD-L1. And APC-wt/MSS tumors showed significantly higher expression of CD8 and PD-L1 than APC-mt/MSS tumor. Moreover, APC-wt was compared with APC-mt MSS/pMMR colon cancer (DOR, 45% and 26.7%, respectively; P < 0.05). Conclusion Based on the results, we found that more colon cancers of APC-wt/MSS are classified by TMIT I. And APC-wt/MSS colon cancer patients are more likely to benefit from antitumor immunotherapy.


Ventilation systems assume that the outdoor air quality is better than the indoor air quality at al times as they use outdoor air to dilute pollutants emitted by humans, activities, the building itself and other objects. However, the outdoor air quality is not always as clean as assumed. Traffic, industry and agriculture can pollute the outdoor air making the outdoor air also a source of certain unhealthy pollutants indoors. This challenges the beforestated assumption as in this case less ventilation would lower this source of pollution to the indoor environment. A reference apartment for Belgium is simulated considering 4 categories of outdoor pollutants (NO2, Ozone, PM2.5 and PM10 for a street in the city-center of Antwerp, Belgium provided by aircheckr) and two indoor pollutants generated by the 4 occupants and their activities (CO2 and H20). In this apartment, 3 variations of a control algorithm both taking into account the outdoor-and indoor air quality are simulated and compared to a control algorithm only taking into account the indoor air quality. Results are evaluated for three aspects: health, comfort and energy use. The system that does not consider outdoor pollution can safeguard the comfort of the occupants the best but also leads to the highest energy consumption and highest exposure to unhealthy outdoor pollutants. For each other case, a trade-off is made between the three aspects. Allowing higher peak exposures to CO2 and H20 during times of unhealthy outdoor air quality leads to less energy use and less exposure to unhealthy outdoor air. A clear potential for the consideration of outdoor air quality in demand controled ventilation systems can be concluded as not only health is improved but also energy is saved. In practice however, it will be nececarry to quantify the state of both the indoor air quality and the outdoor quality and compare these in a more holistic manner than presented in these results.


This study investigated the relationship between empowering leadership and team creativity by integrating the theory of group behavior with componential theory of creativity. For this study, data was collected from two sources (343 Subordinates, 67 Supervisors) by temporally dividing data collection process into two points in time for independent, dependent, and mediating variables from employees of a bank operating in Pakistan. Random coefficient analysis technique was used with Mplus 7.0 to analyze nested data for preliminary analysis and analysis of mediation and indirect effects. Mediation was analyzed using the indirect effect of random models and further confirmed the confidence using bootstrapping procedure. Through this study, the researchers tried to explore the inconsistent relationship between empowering leadership behavior and team creativity. It was found that empowering leadership behavior affects the team level creativity of employees directly and indirectly through the mediation of team learning behavior and team psychological empowerment as team process and team emergent states respectively. The results indicated that empowering leadership enhances the learning potential of teams and team empowerment perception which in turn enhances team level creativity. Further research findings, implications, and future research directions also discussed in this research.


Gold nanorods with dimensions around 10-100 nm present original optical properties. Their main advantages are the tunability from 600 to 1000 nm of their main absorption band, and its high intensity, stemming from the good conducting properties of gold in this spectral range. Gold nanorods have been applied to tracking, probing, sensing, and manipulation experiments. Here, we discuss experiments done with single gold nanorods with emphasis on recent results from our group.


Security is a consistent barrier to the adoption and implementation of e‐commerce for customers and organisations. Prior research into the adoption of e‐commerce and Internet banking has reported many other challenges and barriers that hinder the acceptance and engagement in e‐commerce transactions. However, few research studies have attempted to address each challenge separately in depth, in the hope of solving the difficulties, making improvements and obtaining insight into each factor/challenge, which will ultimately enhance the adoption of e‐commerce. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to focus on the security challenges by exploring the nature of this factor from both a customer and organisational perspective within Jordan. An interpretive‐qualitative research was adopted in this research, which helps to understand the phenomenon in its natural setting. The results of this research provide decision makers (businesses and IT managers) and companies that run an online business in Jordan insights into the current situation of this factor (security), which will enable them to implement effective strategies to address this factor.


The tandem high-density hydrogen negative-ion-source system is optimized to identify the largest possible ion concentrations and extracted ion currents. The optimization includes varying the length of the second chamber, varying neutral gas and electron densities, and varying the ratio of atomic to molecular density. Vibrational excitation occurs via high-energy electron excitation (E-V process) and H/sub 2//sup +/ surface neutralization (s-V process). These processes are considered separately and acting in parallel. The solutions are presented in terms of a dimensional scale factor, R. For a system scale length R = 1 cm, optimum extracted current densities are in the range 50 to 100 mA cm/sup -2/. A single-chamber s-V system with the high-energy electron component suppressed can provide larger ion concentrations than a tandem E-V, s-V system. 14 references, 4 figures.


Debate among labor economists on the pros and cons of a minimum wage law has come to focus on whether labor markets are competitive or monopsonistic. Using principles and concepts of institutional economics, the author argues that this perspective on minimum wages is too narrow. In particular, he uses institutional theory to develop four theoretical rationales for minimum wage legislation: setting a floor on wages to offset imperfect competition and inequality of bargaining power; promote macroeconomic stabilization and full employment; contribute to long-term efficiency and growth; and incorporate labor market externalities and social costs of labor. One revisionist implication is that a minimum wage under plausible conditions may increase economic efficiency even in a purely competitive labor market.


Summary form only given. Among those phrases that characterize future networks are high speed, service diversity, and integrated environment. As the information transport capabilities increase, it has become possible to provide various kinds of services which were considered almost impossible with existing lower speed transport networks. Also, the use of ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) has paved way to supporting multiple types of communication services using a single type of information transport/switching mechanism. This article addresses the issue of network evolution toward an integrated networking system. It first identifies the architecture of the target integrated networking system and its basic characteristics. Then, the architecture and functional characteristics of the initial stage networking system and evolution direction toward target integrated networking system are described. It describes ATM Highway network which is being developed by Korea Telecom (KT). The initial phase of the ATM Highway architecture is based on the first phase of the evolution step and is designed to make further refinement and extension easy to incorporate in the next steps of the evolution path to an integrated networking architecture.


Breast lymphoma is a rare neoplasm that accounts for approximately 0.04-0.5% of breast malignancies. Most breast lymphomas are B-cell type non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The imaging features of breast lymphoma on mammography and ultrasound are nonspecific. There have been several reports on magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of breast lymphoma but only few have described features on diffusion weighted imaging. Herein, we describe the magnetic resonance imaging findings, with emphasis on diffusion weighted imaging and the apparent diffusion coefficient sequences, of two cases of breast lymphoma and compare them with the magnetic resonance imaging features reported in the literature.


Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are artificial receptors designed for the selective recognition of template molecules. These polymers have been applied in analytical separations, as chemical sensors and in drug delivery system due to their low cost and high stability. In recent years MIP beads, especially those with good selectivity in aqueous solution, have become attractive as they can be potentially used as selective adsorbents for the solid phase extraction (SPE) and chromatographic separation of various target molecules.The aim of this thesis was to investigate and improve the synthetic methods for the preparation of MIP beads, especially those that can be used in aqueous solution. In the first section, Pickering emulsion is utilized to synthesize water-compatible MIP beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the morphology and surface structure of the particles. As water-soluble monomers were employed during the imprinting process, the MIP beads had a hydrophilic surface and showed high compatibility with aqueousconditions. Additionally, the MIP beads exhibit high selectivity and specificity to template in aqueous solution. Both organic compounds and macromolecules were used as templates separately and MIP beads with specific bindingsites were successfully obtained. The method developed in this thesis has a general applicability and offers a potential approach to synthesize polymer beads for bioseparation and wastewater treatments.Another focus of this thesis was the preparation of multifunctional materials based on MIP beads for the purpose of different applications. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) precipitation polymerization wasused to prepare monodisperse beads with RAFT reagents located on their surfaces, which allowed for the straightforward grafting of polymer brushes, or can be converted into new functional groups for further modification. The specific molecular recognition of the beads was not sacrificed during the aminolysis process, and different functionalities were introduced to the MIP beads under mild conditions. The thiol groups introduced onto the MIP surface allowed the MIP beads to be immobilized on a gold-coated substrate, such that these MIP based sensing surfaces were used for the detection of nicotine by surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS).The Pickering emulsion systems provide an efficient method with which to prepare water-compatible MIP beads that have high selectivity under aqueous conditions. Further functional materials and new applications can beexpected upon the combination of Pickering emulsion systems with more controllable synthetic chemistry. The RAFT polymerization method, in particular, has a general applicability and introduces new possibilities for the development of other functional materials and devices. (Less)


Agile software development has proven to be a good fit for knowledge work in environments of high change rates, often resulting in hyper-productive teams. The bottom line seems to be that applying agile methods to software development projects reduces risk and time-to-market while high quality is achieved at the same time. We show how agility can be useful well beyond the context of individual projects, first, when managing a portfolio of projects of a company and second, when maneuvering a company in the marketplace. Companies can become more demand-driven and value-driven by embracing agility on these three levels and benefit from agility over a wider spectrum. Agile businesses react fast on changed circumstances, are flexible, bring response to the market as fast as possible, are proactive, and sense the change.


Metals such as Au deposited on graphite substrates are found to migrate very easily when biased in scanning tunneling microscopes. Depending upon the film thickness and the tip voltage, a hillock surrounded by grooves or a hole surrounded by hillocks with a height of ~±10 nm and a lateral dimension of ~100 nm are formed. The mechanism of these surface-modification phenomena is discussed in light of electro- and thermomigration.


Revue describes the modern approaches in understanding of the psychological goals in clinical cancer care. The components of the professional activity such as building of confidence and emotional responsibility, individual psychological attitude, understanding of basic psychological needs, are considered. The influence of the psychological well-being on quality, such as on duration of cancer survival, is stressed. The psychological aims and principles of communication in children cancer care and family consulting are described. The importance of the psychological need "to be known" is stressed as one of the most meaningful for the development of the effectiveness of clinical cancer care.


The Northern Jê languages (Macro-Jê stock) do not show clear patterns of splitergativity; however, a better understanding of their alignment pattern is possible, if we examine the earlier stages of these languages. This study reconstructs the ergatively organized nominalization system found in subordinate clauses in Proto-Northern Jê, which occurred as the argument of intransitive verbs of modality. These nominalized clauses were reanalyzed in pre-Timbira as main clauses and also underwent a semantic change to finite constructions, expressing recent past tense. Synchronically, Timbira displays an ergative–absolutive alignment conditioned by the expression of recent past tense, whereas Apinajé, Me$bengokré, and Suyá present the ergative alignment conditioned by the categories of tense, aspect, and modality. The former two categories are coded by certain words or morphemes in predicate position, while the latter is coded by intransitive verbs of modality, as in pre-Timbira.


The study on fertility behaviour, sexual negotiation and
contraceptive use among married couples was undertaken in
Osogbo community of Osun state. It was aimed at examining
how reproductive decisions and outcomes are negotiated
within sexual unions and also to determine the factors that
inhibit discussion of contraception among couples. A multistage
probability sampling procedure was adopted to select
the sampling using the enumeration maps prepared by the
National Population Commission for the 1991 census. Multivariate
logistics regression analysis technique was employed
to determine the pattern and degree of relationships between
the variables. It was observed that contraceptive use among
couples were significantly affected by sex, religion, ever given
birth and newly married. Social marketing among other
strategies was recommended.


Introduction: Incisional abdominal hernias develop up to 11.5 % of laparotomy incisions. The most difficult to repair are hernias with significant loss of domain. The basic principle of treating abdominal incisional hernia entails restoring the anatomical and physiological integrity of the wall. Ideally, thisinvolves the use of local musculo-aponeurotic tissue with a good blood supply and innervations. In the case of large defects, it is necessary to use alloplastic materials in order to reduce the tension load on the suture itself. Emergency surgery is indicated especially in the case of intestinal obstruction or strangulation.
Presentation of Case: The present report describes the case of emergency surgical treatment of intestinal obstruction in large abdominal incisional hernia by 77-year old man. We used reposition and onlay technique with with biodegradable mesh to repair the abdominal wall.
Discussion: Emergency surgery for bowel obstruction primarily aims to resolve bowel obstruction and restore intestinal viability. In this case we present that techniques without bowel resection or stoma are safer as the other. Large hernias with loss of domain can be repaired only by an open method and the onlay method is the simplest and most versatile technique in this case.
Conlusions: Emergency surgery in incisional hearnias is a challenging surgical problem due to risk of the preoperative and postoperative complications. Team involving general and plastic surgeons and anaesthetist is required.


Readers of Simone de Beauvoir's extensive autobiographical writings might conclude that she did not experience Roquentin's difficulties with the narrative process. It seems that she effectively refused to choose between living and recounting, and instead opted for both. Few events occurred in Beauvoir's life which did not appear in some written form at some time. The scope ofher autobiographical project and the diversity of autobiographical forms employed by Beauvoir suggests an interesting relationship to the narration of identity which merits discussion. In this article, therefore, I will examine how Beauvoir negotiates some ofthe issues involved in the narration ofher own life, focusing particularly on her memoirs.


Background Central pain mechanisms may be prominent in subsets of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and other spondyloarthritis (SpA). The validated painDETECT Questionnaire (PDQ) was developed to detect neuropathic pain by assigning a score to the patient. Numerous studies in osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia have used the PDQ to assess central sensitization linking the pain phenotypic similarities of neuropathic pain and central sensitization together. Data are emerging within RA and SpA. Objectives Based on PDQ classification, to identify pain phenotypes (nociceptive vs. central mechanisms) in Danish patients with inflammatory arthritis; to determine prevalence and assess association to present inflammation. Further to characterize the different pain populations. Methods An electronic version of the PDQ was included onto the DANBIO touch screens in the waiting rooms at 22 of 24 departments of Rheumatology in Denmark for six months. Patients diagnosed with RA, PsA or SpA were invited to participate. Consent was obtained. Patients who declined participation were asked, whether it was due to being pain-free. Corresponding clinical data and patient reported outcomes (PROs) were obtained from DANBIO. A PDQ score >18 was interpreted as an indication of predominant central pain mechanisms, 13-18 as unclear and <13 as nociceptive pain. Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi square test and Spearman (Rho) correlations between PDQ score and selected variables were performed. Results Of 15978 invited patients, 52% had a VAS pain ≥30mm. A total of 1927 patients were pain-free, 7918 patients agreed to fill in the PDQ and 7054 completed it (RA: 3826, PsA: 1180, SpA: 1093, unspecified: 955). VAS pain ≥30mm was present in 59.5%/ 67%/ 67% of RA/ PsA/ SpA pts. Prevalence of the PDQ classification-groups (<13/ 13-18/ >18) were: RA; 56%/ 24%/ 20%. PsA; 45%/ 27%/ 28%. SpA; 55%/24%/ 21%. More patients with PsA had PDQ score >18 compared to RA and SpA (p<0.001). Characteristics (pct. or median) for the PDQ classification-groups across diagnoses are reported in the table. Overall correlations (Rho) across diagnoses were; CRP=0.01; VAS pain=0.52; VAS global health (GH)=0.53. For RA and PsA; DAS28-crp=0.42; tender joint count-28=0.34; swollen joint count-28=0.15. For SpA; BASDAI=0.58. P<0.001 (except for CRP, p=0.38). Analyzing each diagnosis separately revealed the same tendencies. Conclusions In a cohort of >7000 arthritis patients, pain was present in $≈ $50% of the patients across diagnoses. More than 20% had indication of central sensitization (PDQ score >18). The PDQ score was associated with DAS28 and PROs but not with markers of peripheral inflammation (CRP and swollen joint count). Thus, pain classification by PDQ may assist in identifying patients with predominant central sensitization and promote a pain mechanism based treatment approach. References Koroschetz J, Rehm SE, Gockel U, et al. Fibromyalgia and neuropathic pain-differences and similarities. A comparison of 3057 patients with diabetic painful neuropathy and fibromyalgia. BMC Neurol 2011;11:55 Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank all participating Departments of Rheumatology, DANBIO and Zitelab. Furthermore, The Oak Foundation and Selsbjerg Holding for financial support. Disclosure of Interest None declared


The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is a chemolithoautotrophic process, which converts NH(4)(+) to N(2) using nitrite (NO(2)(-)) as the electron acceptor. This process has very high nitrogen removal rates (NRRs) and is an alternative to classical nitrification/denitrification wastewater treatment. In the present work, a strategy for nitrogen removal using ANAMMOX process was tested evaluating their performance when submitted to high loading rates and very short hydraulic retention times (HRTs). An up-flow ANAMMOX column reactor was inoculated with 30% biomass (v v(-1)) fed from 100 to 200 mg L(-1) of total N (NO(2)(-)-N + NH(4)(+)-N) at 35 °C. After start-up and process stability the maximum NRR in the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was 18.3 g-N L(-1) d(-1) operated at 0.2 h of HRT. FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) analysis and process stoichiometry confirmed that ANAMMOX was the prevalent process for nitrogen removal during the experiments. The results point out that high NRRs can be obtained at very short HRTs using up-flow ANAMMOX column reactor configuration.


The intentional stance, which has been a conceptual underpinning of much work on multiagent systems, cannot provide an account of coordinated behavior in terms that can apply equally to humans and to agents. We suggest that one must also include social scaffolding in the sense in which "scaffolding" is used by Andy Clark. Critical aspects of the relevant social scaffolding can be formulated in terms of notions familiar from formalisms that have been applied to software systems and to humans alike.


We develop bounds on the capacity of wireless multihop networks when the traffic pattern is non-uniform, i.e., not all nodes are the sources and sinks of similar volumes of traffic. Our results are asymptotic, i.e., they hold with probability going to unity as the number of nodes goes to infinity. We study (i) asymmetric networks, where the numbers of sources and destinations of traffic are unequal, (ii) multicast networks, in which each created packet has multiple destinations, (Hi) cluster networks, that consist of clients and a limited number of cluster heads, and each client wants to communicate with any one of the cluster heads, and (iv) hybrid networks, in which the nodes are supported by a limited infrastructure. Our findings quantify the fundamental capabilities of these wireless multihop networks to handle traffic bottlenecks, and point to correct design principles that achieve the capacity without resorting to overly complicated protocols.


In this paper, the problem of designing finite-impulse-response (FIR) equalizers for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) FIR channels is considered. It is shown that an arbitrary MIMO frequency-selective channel can be rendered FIR equalizable by a suitable filter bank (FB) precoding operation that introduces redundancy at the transmitter. The expression for the minimum redundancy required to ensure FIR invertibility is derived. The analysis is extended to the case of MIMO multicarrier modulation. Optimum zero-forcing (ZF) and minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) solutions for the FIR equalizer are derived. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves better performance than the block-processing methods while supporting a higher data rate.


This article presents the history of the Helvetia-Rosemont mining district from 1875 until December 2013. The pre-World War II history of the area deals with the settlers, the early mining camps where they lived, and the mining ventures that developed and worked many of its early mines. The post-World War II mining activities led to the discovery and development of the Rosemont copper deposit.


Abstract Observations of extremely high fine particulate sulfur concentrations during early April 1983 in the western United States are linked to a strong cyclone over the midwestern United States. The strong winds around this cyclone circulated polluted midwestern air as far west as the Pacific Coast. A retrograding upper wave pattern was conducive for this polluted air to move southwestward. Both a long-range trajectory analysis and a subjective evaluation of synoptic conditions confirm this hypothesis.


Objective This editorial was invited by the Journal of Hypertension as one of a series designed to examine our current knowledge of several aspects of the pathophysiology of hypertension. This article considers small arteries and arterioles. Setting The conclusion that established hypertension is characterized by a normal cardiac output and a raised peripheral resistance represents the integration of findings from haemodynamic studies using a variety of models of the disease examined by several different techniques. In some ways it assumes that all vascular beds conform to the same pattern of responsiveness. However, given the obvious heterogeneity of functions performed by specialized tissues, the recognized variations in receptor populations and the differences in innervation found in the vascular wall throughout the circulation, this might not be the case. Resistance to blood flow occurs throughout the vascular tree, but the majority is found at the level of arterioles. Upstream small arteries demonstrate growth and remodelling changes which result in luminal narrowing, but the exact contribution of such vessels to resistance is still not known. Perhaps the most interesting recent finding in this context is that blood pressure can fall immediately after a pressor stimulus has been removed, despite the demonstration of such structural changes in small arteries. Furthermore, some whole-animal studies have been reported which fail to show the expected vascular amplification when the circulation is stressed in total. Conclusion Viewing the vascular tree as an integrated circuit with specialized functions when nourishing specific tissues suggests that when the resistance in one vascular bed increases because of a constrictor challenge, this might not be representative of the circulation as a whole: indeed, resistance may fall elsewhere. It is probable that structural changes in small arteries represent the consequence of hypertension. The pathogenesis of hypertension may reside downstream in arterioles, where a myogenic response might play a fundamental role.


Abstract Background The SQ House Dust Mite (HDM) SubLingual ImmunoTherapy (SLIT)‐Tablet (Acarizax) is the only allergen immunotherapy authorized by European regulatory authorities to treat HDM‐induced allergic asthma (AA) that is not well‐controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and associated with mild‐to‐severe HDM allergic rhinitis (AR). The aim of this study was to add evidence on the safety of the SQ HDM SLIT‐Tablet in patients with AR, alone or with AA, under real‐life conditions. Methods This was a French "real‐life", multicenter, non‐comparative, longitudinal, prospective study. It included patients initiating the SQ HDM SLIT‐Tablet for either persistent moderate‐to‐severe HDM AR or AA not well‐controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and associated with mild‐to‐severe HDM AR. Adverse Events (AEs) were collected at the first intake and throughout the study. Logistic regression was used to compare safety according to asthma control before treatment initiation. Results Between May 09, 2018 and May 29, 2019, 1526 patients were enrolled at 185 sites and 1483 were included in the safety population (SAF). Of them, 33.6% had suspected clinical manifestations of AA. Asthma was uncontrolled for 18.2% of the patients, partially controlled for 27.9% and well‐controlled for 53.8%. Overall, 31.9% of the SAF patients experienced at least one AE. The percentage of patients with AEs was 29.9% among patients with AR alone and 35.9% among those with AA (p = 0.0193). No significant difference was observed in the rate of AE or SAE depending on asthma control at inclusion (2.2% of SAEs reported for patients with uncontrolled asthma, 1.4% for partly controlled and 1.1% for well‐controlled). Conclusions The overall results indicate a good SQ HDM SLIT‐Tablet safety profile consistent with that reported in previous studies, regardless of asthma control.


The growth of financial technology (fintech) has led to an increase in cashless transactions. One of the technology that is developing and widely used is digital wallets. Because of the frequent use of digital wallet services, an assessment to measure quality in use needs to be done. Quality in use relates to user interaction with software when the product is used. The assessment standard used to measure quality in use is ISO/IEC 25022. The criteria assessed are effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, and freedom from risk. To strengthen the results obtained, a correlation between the existing criteria and the quality in use of digital wallets is sought. From these results, it will be known which criteria have the highest correlation to the quality in use of digital wallets. This study does not focus on assessing the quality in use of each digital wallet, but on digital wallets globally (in this study the digital wallets used are OVO, Gopay, and Dana) because after the results of the questionnaire, almost all respondents use more than one digital wallet, even besides the mentioned digital wallets. The conclusion obtained in this study is that digital wallet product users are satisfied with the use of digital wallets although there are still some risks that may arise.


In the last years it is becoming increasingly actual the recognition of corporate governance involvement and the risk management in public entities, the importance of approaching this issue is evidenced by the current situation faced by internal auditors. The entity is a body constantly changing which evolves in complexity, besides traditional exposure to the hazard, thus adding operational, financial, strategic, legal, human, and fraud risks. The complex nature of the risk can be attributed to several factors. Internal auditors have an important role in the risk assessment, processes, systems, and addressing or providing recommendations is the result of everything that happens and what can it lead to. Planning the internal audit activity implies a broader evaluation of operational risks and the environment in which it works. The topic approached in this article refers to the risk assessment and internal audit work plan in order to assist an entity in achieving its objectives by implementing a systematic and disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, control and governance processes.


IRGC defines risk governance deficits as deficiencies (where elements are lacking) or failures (where actions are not taken or prove unsuccessful) in risk governance structures and processes. They hinder a fair and efficient risk governance process. The deficits described by IRGC in this report have recurred over time and have affected risk governance in many types of private and public organisations, and for different types of risks. This report aims to help risk decision-makers in government and industry understand both the causes of deficits in risk governance processes and their capacity to aggravate the adverse impacts of a risk. With this understanding, it is hoped that risk practitioners will be able to identify and take steps to remedy significant deficits in the risk governance structures and processes.


Kinetic studies on the gas-phase reactions of OH and NO3 radicals and ozone with ethyl vinyl ether (EVE), propyl vinyl ether (PVE) and butyl vinyl ether (BVE) have been performed in a 405 L borosilicate glass chamber at 298 +/- 3 K in synthetic air using in situ FTIR spectroscopy to monitor the reactants. Using a relative kinetic method rate coefficients (in units of cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1)) of (7.79 +/- 1.71) x 10(-11), (9.73 +/- 1.94) x 10(-11) and (1.13 +/- 0.31) x 10(-10) have been obtained for the reaction of OH with EVE, PVE and BVE, respectively, (1.40 +/- 0.35) x 10(-12), (1.85 +/- 0.53) x 10(-12) and (2.10 +/- 0.54) x 10(-12) for the reaction of NO3 with EVE, PVE and BVE, respectively, and (2.06 +/- 0.42) x 10(-16), (2.34 +/- 0.48) x 10(-16) and (2.59 +/- 0.52) x 10(-16) for the ozonolysis of EVE, PVE and BVE, respectively. Tropospheric lifetimes of EVE, PVE and BVE with respect to the reactions with reactive tropospheric species (OH, NO3 and O3) have been estimated for typical OH and NO3 radical and ozone concentrations.


A 25-year-old Pakistani woman presented to the emergency department with a 2-day history of rapidly progressive tetraplegia followed by sudden loss of consciousness. This was preceded by an upper respiratory tract infection. On examination, she was deeply comatose with a GCS of 3/15 and intact brainstem reflexes. She was in respiratory distress, and an endotracheal tube had been passed. She had flaccid quadriplegia with depressed deep tendon reflexes and upgoing plantar response. Her MRI brain with contrast showed extensive brainstem involvement with haemorrhagic foci along with signal changes in the corpus callosum. The patient was put on a respirator. She was given IV methyl prednisolone, and later on 5 sessions of plasmapheresis were performed. After 3 months, the patient gradually recovered and started communicating. Her motor power had improved to 2/5 in her arms and 1/5 in the lower extremities. She was then discharged for further rehabilitation at home.


This paper explores the neural network as optimal binary classifier for diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is an eye syndrome caused by the impediment of diabetes and it can be detected prior for effective treatment. In this investigation, the sets of parameters describing diabetic retinopathy data are taken. In this multi layer neural network and principal component based performance analysis is explored. Selection of the optimal parameters such as number of hidden layers, learning rules and transfer functions are taken into consideration. The classification results are obtained through rigorous experimentation. The vision of patient may start to deteriorate as diabetes progresses and lead to diabetic retinopathy. In this paper to establish diabetic retinopathy, three models like multi layer perception (MLP), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Support vector machine(SVM) are explained and their performances are compared. An automated approach for classification of the disease diabetic retinopathy using images is presented. The designed classification structure has about 97 % sensitivity, 99% specifity and correct classification is calculated to be 95.7%. Testing grades were found to be complaint with the accepted results that are imitative from the physician's direct diagnosis. Result shows that this new neural network SVM model is more accurate than the other NN models. These results suggest that this model is effective for classification of Diabetic Retinopathy.


Erratic weather patterns are the vital challenge to the existing power system infrastructure. It is critical to understand how to mitigate the weather impacts on mid- and long-term planning efforts. Yet, it is not typical for utility industry to incorporate weather data to perform the analytics and correlation to determine the impact of weather variation and climate change. In this paper, we analyze maximum temperature as an example to demonstrate the weather variation and climate change impact on the summer peak load in Harris County, Texas, USA.


The gene expression program of any particular cell largely defines its identity and its functions. I will describe new insights into the roles that transcription factors and chromatin regulators play in the control of gene expression programs during normal development and in cancer. These insights provide opportunities for the development of novel therapeutics for cancer and other diseases.

Citation Format: Richard A. Young. Transcriptional and epigenetic control of oncogenes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr IA01.


In order to improve the performance of the car, the paper mainly introduces the use of genetic algorithm for the best match of automotive power train parameters, The author mainly explains the optimized theory and a computer simulation program is developed. Moreover, the author discusses the problems occurring in the object and gives the methods to solve them. The result of simulation is analyzed.


Companies in automaking, TV, and superconductors are used to exemplify how manufacturing processes, R&D alliances, and government policies are advancing competitiveness in borderless economies. The phenomenal rise of worldwide productivity growth, spurred by big retooling investments since 1982 and by designing products for ease of production, is examined. The lead that Europe and Japan have over the United States in modernizing their factories is discussed. Manufacturing practices in the US, Europe, and Japan are compared. The impact of the increasingly global nature of these industries is noted.<<ETX>>


Many factors influence the value to a farmer of monitoring a sustainability indicator. Based on an economic model, a survey of farmers and data on actual farmer monitoring of piezometers, a number of important insights are obtained, including the ones listed below. The value of monitoring indicators will vary by issue, by indicator, by region and by farm. In many cases, the value of continuing to monitor would fall over time as knowledge and understanding increase. For this reason, even successful programs to promote monitoring by farmers may have a limited life expectancy. If monitoring an indicator is to be valuable to a farmer, the indicator must be related to management options which make a difference in achieving the farmer's objectives. However, if the achievement of objectives is very sensitive to management choices, the optimal choice may be so obvious that there is little value in collecting further information about it. The greater the current level of uncertainty about a variable, the greater is the value of monitoring that variable, provided that monitoring does lead to reductions in uncertainty. The greater the degree of uncertainty about the consequences of different management strategies, the lower will be the value of a related indicator. It is not possible to conclude that monitoring indicators is, in general, a good thing.


We give a sharp upper bound on the vanishing order of solutions to Schr\"odinger equation, in the case that the potential is of class $\mathcal{C}^1$ on a smooth compact manifold.


The present study presents a generalized procedure to accurately identify trioctahedral 1:1 layer silicates. The reciprocal space (RS) sections were obtained by the precession method by "unwarping" frames that were recorded using diffractometers with area detectors or from electron diffraction tomography (EDT) patterns. Distributions of subfamily reflections along the reciprocal lattice rows [21̄l]* / [11l]* / [1̄2l]* in (2hh̄lhex)* / (hhlhex)* / (h̄2hlhex)* RS planes were used to determine OD (Ordered — Disordered) subfamilies (Bailey's groups A, B, C, D). The distributions along the [10l]* / [01l]* / [1̄1l]* rows in the (h0lhex)* / (0klhex)* / (h̄hlhex) RS planes allow determination of the polytypes. The use of traditional identification diagrams for the determination of OD subfamilies and polytypes was generalized in order to identify monoclinic and orthorhombic MDO (Maximum Degree of Order) polytypes. In these polytypes, the distribution of characteristic reflections along rows is different in RS sections that are perpendicular and diagonal to the symmetry plane of the polytype. The identification diagram of non-MDO polytype 6T2 is also presented. The method was applied to the identification of single crystals of cronstedtite that were synthesized during interactions of Fe metal with a natural claystone during experiments over a temperature range of 90-60°C. Conical and pyramidal crystals with a maximum size of a few micrometers were studied using electron diffraction tomography (EDT). The following polytypes were identified: 1M, 2M1, an apparently ninetuple polytype that was interpreted as triclinic 3A (group A), 1T (group C), and disordered crystals of group D. The 1M polytype was the most abundant. Some 1M crystals were twinned by reticular merohedry with a 120° rotation along the chex axis as the twin operation. The 2M1 occurred as isolated crystals as well as in mixed crystals. Intergrown 1T and 1M polytypes of the C and A group, respectively, were identified in one mixed crystal. The possible stacking sequence and the 3A polytype identification diagram was presented and discussed. Example RS sections of all polytypes were identified and demonstrated.


This report is concerned with the measurement and interpretation of the field-dependent isotope shifts in atomic spectra, i.e. shifts due to variations in the nuclear charge distribution. Mass effects are considered only in order to extract the field-dependent shifts from the measured shifts. After a review of experimental techniques and a summary of the basic theory, the isotope shift results are discussed in terms of the results of other experimental investigations of nuclear charge distributions. There are two striking features of isotope shift results for even-even nuclei, their overall smallness and their irregular variation with neutron number over the range of isotopes of an element. The first of these has not yet been satisfactorily accounted for. The irregularities are associated with neutron shell structure, but they cannot be attributed entirely to deformation effects. Experimental isotope shifts and nuclear deformations are tabulated. Recent work on the odd-even staggering effect is reviewed.


This paper presents a review of vector control methods for AC drives for the last decade. A variety of techniques with different concepts are mentioned for the control of induction motors (IMs), permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), double fed induction generators (DFIGs) and switched reluctance motors (SRMs). Vector control has advanced its concept to AC drives for high performance applications with the help of digital signal processors (DSPs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The development of vector control concept, sensorless vector control for AC drives using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as fuzzy logic controller (FLC), artificial neural network (ANN) and neuro-fuzzy controller along with DSPs and FPGAs implementation are stated in this paper.

 Key words: Vector control, sensorless control, artificial intelligence, induction motors (IMs), permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), double fed induction generators (DFIGs), switched reluctance motors (SRMs), digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).


We show that the soliton self-frequency shift (SSFS) law as well as an approximate analytical description of the pulse deformation can be obtained on the basis of a Galilean-like symmetry of the simplest SSFS model.


The larvicide effects of three endecticide products were studied against house fly larvae. Repeated-measure design was used for the analysis of variance. The observed data followed different distributions. For this reason, instead of the repeated measure ANOVA, three fast statistical methods were applied simultaneously. First, the test for homogeneity was carried out for registered samples by using the Friedman test, and the Wilcoxon-Wilcox test was applied for pairwise comparisons. Secondly, an extended median test was applied for the same problem of test for homogeneity, and the Neményi test was used for pairwise comparisons. Thirdly, a 2 x 2 contingency table analysis was carried out, exploiting the specific feature of the database and informatical tools. The three simultaneous evaluations enabled us to come to sound, affirmative conclusions. In the course of veterinary-biological interpretation we demonstrated the statistically reliable temporal efficiency of the three products. We also presented the relative efficiency and recognizable features of the products. We highlighted the significantly prompt and long release larvicide effects of the drugs. We discussed and compared the information content of the applied statistical methods.


Better early detection methods are needed to improve the outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), a potential non-invasive early tumor detection method, was used to profile urine metabolites from 55 CRC patients and 40 healthy controls (HCs). Pattern recognition through orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was applied to 1H-NMR processed data. Model specificity was confirmed by comparison with esophageal cancers (EC, n=18). Unique metabolomic profiles distinguished all CRC stages from HC urine samples. A total of 16 potential biomarker metabolites were identified in stage I/II CRC, indicating amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, urea cycle, choline metabolism, and gut microflora metabolism pathway disruptions. Metabolite profiles from early stage CRC and EC patients were also clearly distinguishable, suggesting that upper and lower gastrointestinal cancers have different metabolomic profiles. Our study assessed important metabolomic variations in CRC patient urine samples, provided information complementary to that collected from other biofluid-based metabolomics analyses, and elucidated potential underlying metabolic mechanisms driving CRC. Our results support the utility of NMR-based urinary metabolomics fingerprinting in early diagnosis of CRC.


Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is an Enterobacteriaceae family member that is commonly transmitted by the fecal-oral route to cause infections. From the small intestine, Y. pseudotuberculosis can invade through Peyer's patches and lymph vessels to infect the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). ABSTRACT Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is an Enterobacteriaceae family member that is commonly transmitted by the fecal-oral route to cause infections. From the small intestine, Y. pseudotuberculosis can invade through Peyer's patches and lymph vessels to infect the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Infection of MLNs by Y. pseudotuberculosis results in the clinical presentation of mesenteric lymphadenitis. MLNs are important for immune responses to intestinal pathogens and microbiota in addition to their clinical relevance to Y. pseudotuberculosis infections. A characteristic of Y. pseudotuberculosis infection in MLNs is the formation of pyogranulomas. Pyogranulomas are composed of neutrophils, inflammatory monocytes, and lymphocytes surrounding extracellular microcolonies of Y. pseudotuberculosis. Key elements of the complex pathogen-host interaction in MLNs have been identified using mouse infection models. Y. pseudotuberculosis requires the virulence plasmid pYV to induce the formation of pyogranulomas in MLNs. The YadA adhesin and the Ysc-Yop type III secretion system (T3SS) are encoded on pYV. YadA mediates bacterial binding to host receptors, which engages the T3SS to preferentially translocate seven Yop effectors into phagocytes. The effectors promote pathogenesis by blocking innate immune defenses such as superoxide production, degranulation, and inflammasome activation, resulting in survival and growth of Y. pseudotuberculosis. On the other hand, certain effectors can trigger immune defenses in phagocytes. For example, YopJ triggers activation of caspase-8 and an apoptotic cell death response in monocytes within pyogranulomas that limits dissemination of Y. pseudotuberculosis from MLNs to the bloodstream. YopE can be processed as an antigen by phagocytes in MLNs, resulting in T and B cell responses to Y. pseudotuberculosis. Immune responses to Y. pseudotuberculosis in MLNs can also be detrimental to the host in the form of chronic lymphadenopathy. This review focuses on interactions between Y. pseudotuberculosis and phagocytes mediated by pYV that concurrently promote pathogenesis and host defense in MLNs. We propose that MLN pyogranulomas are immunological arenas in which opposing pYV-driven forces determine the outcome of infection in favor of the pathogen or host.


Increased device connectivity and information sharing in wireless IoT networks increases risk of cyber attack by malicious nodes. In this paper, we present an effective and practical scheme for detecting data integrity and selective forwarding attacks launched by malicious relays in wireless IoT networks. The proposed scheme exploits the broadcast nature of wireless transmission and provides a sentinel based approach to intrusion detection. Our detection scheme assumes a general noise model for the network where different wireless links may have different packet error probability (PEP). Further, our detection scheme is effective even in scenarios where different wireless links in the network employ distinct modulation and coding schemes at the physical layer. This detection scheme has application in practical wireless IoT networks, such as those based on the recently introduced IEEE 802.11ah standard.


In this paper, we study the rate of convergence under the Wasserstein metric of a broad class of multidimensional piecewise Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes with jumps. These are governed by stochastic differential equations having a piecewise linear drift, and a fairly general class of driving Levy processes. When the process is irreducible and aperiodic, we identify conditions on the parameters in the drift, the Levy measure, and/or the covariance function, which result in subexponential or exponential ergodicity under the Wasserstein metric, and in the case of subexponential ergodicity, we exhibit matching lower and upper bounds on the rate of convergence. On the other hand, in the case when the stochastic differential equation might be degenerate, we employ the asymptotic flatness (uniform dissipativity) properties of the drift to establish exponential ergodicity with respect to the Wasserstein metric.


Slip studies predominantly focus on either structural or semantic properties of the errors. Since most analyses have been based on pen-and-paper collections, i.e., on-line notes, it is quite understandable that suprasegmental of errors have remained a neglected area. The present prosodic analysis is based on acoustical measurements of 307 self-repairs. Each repair has been measured with the Praat program. In order to make the measurements psychoacoustically relevant and comparable across speakers, the changes in F0 are expressed in terms of semitones. In general, speakers repair slightly less than three quarters of the errors they commit whereas one quarter remains either totally undetected or at least without a repair. With respect to prosodic marking, it appears that the proportion of marked repairs in the present data is significantly larger than in previous studies: approximately two thirds of self-repairs are marked with remarkably higher pitch (>+3ST), and a total of 96.7 per cent with a somewhat heigthened pitch. It is concluded that alternations of fundamental frequency are utilized in marking self-initiated repairs.


D21S11 is one of the core short tandem repeat (STR) locus included in most of the commercial kits used for DNA parentage testing, kinship analysis and human identification purpose. It is a complex tetranucleotide repeat located on the long arm of chromosome 21 which surrounds a constant 43 bp section. The allele designation of a particular locus is correctly assigned by comparing the alleles with an allelic ladder that consists of all possible alleles at that particular locus. In this study we observed a variant allele at D21S11 during a routine paternity test while typing the putative father. The variant allele was called by the Genotyper™ software as 34.1, though this allele was not included in the allelic ladder provided by the manufacturer. Sequencing analysis revealed that the variant allele was generated as a change in the repeat motif (TCTA) for TCA at the 3  end of the repeat region. This variant allele was first reported in Bangladeshi population from our laboratory in a previous report. This study involves further characterization of the reported allele by means of direct DNA sequencing of the D21S11


The role of technology in education is growing increasingly significant. It has implications for classroom teaching practices, assessment and systems level decision making. The success of technology programs in schools greatly depends on the attitudes and skills of teachers. This study evaluated the validity of two newly developed survey instruments for assessing an individual's skills and attitude towards mobile technology. It also looked at the relationship between those two constructs and group differences. There was a significant correlation between an individual's skills with mobile technology and their willingness to integrate the technology into their daily lives. Regression analysis revealed that an individual's skills with their device was the only significant predictor of their level of integration. Finally, skills were rated higher for individuals who used both smartphones and tablet computers versus individuals who only used smartphones. These results strengthen the validity of the two survey instruments and add to the research base for integrating mobile technology into education.


The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) comprising image-based logical reasoning tasks is intended to serve as a benchmark for measuring intelligence. Solving these tasks is very difficult for offthe-shelf ML methods due to their diversity and low amount of training data. We here present our approach, which solves tasks via grammatical evolution on a domain-specific language for image transformations. With this approach, we successfully participated in an online challenge, scoring among the top 4% out of 900 participants.


Experiments on the electrochemical oxidation of ammonia in artificial seawater are carried out in a lab-scale electrochemical apparatus. The operating parameters are current density (16–66 A/m2) and hydraulic residence time in a reactor (30–90 sec). The ammonia concentration in the effluent of the reactor exponentially decreases with increasing the current density and the hydraulic residence time, while the concentration of chlorine residuals increases. Most of the chlorine residuals are free available chlorine and the remainder is dichloramine. A strong disinfection characteristic can be seen during electrochemical treatment of ammonia.


Animals sensitized by intratracheal administration of particulate Micropolyspora faeni antigen and subsequently challenged with the antigen intratracheally developed lesions of hypersensitivity pneumonitis histologically similar to those observed in man with this disease. Animals sensitized with antigen but depleted of complement with cobra venom factor prior to challenge with the antigen manifested a significant reduction in mean lesion indices when compared to a group of control animals that were not complement‐depleted. These data indicate that complement is necessary for the development of pulmonary lesions of experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis in the rabbit.


Introduction Although genotype (G)3 HCV is generally regarded as "easy to treat", based on clinical trial data showing response rates of up to 80%, real world studies have shown substantially lower rates of treatment response (45%), particularly in patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. Most patients who fail treatment for G3 HCV initially respond to antiviral therapy, but relapse after the end of treatment. HCV RNA has been demonstrated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic HCV, but whether viral replication occurs in these cells remains controversial. This study tests the hypothesis that viable HCV in monocytes at the end of treatment predicts relapse in patients with G3 HCV. Methods CD14 (+) monocytes from patients at the end of treatment for G3 HCV were isolated and fused with HuH7 cells. The fused cells were maintained in tissue culture for up to 5 days, before extraction of HCV RNA and quantification by PCR. p Values were derived using the Mann–Whitney U test for comparison of non-parametric data. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Results HCV RNA increased up to fivefold in fused compared to unfused monocytes. Viral protein production was demonstrated in fused cells by indirect immunofluorescence, confirming that viral replication occurs in the fused cells. Fused monocytes from patients who relapsed after treatment showed a significantly greater increase in HCV RNA than those from patients with a sustained virological response (246.8±103.9%, compared to 5±33.9%, p=0.02). Conclusion These data demonstrate that the presence of replication-competent HCV in monocytes at the end of treatment predicts relapse in patients with G3 HCV. Monocytes may act as a sanctuary site for HCV virions during interferon-based treatment, facilitating relapse after withdrawal of therapy. Competing interests M Cunningham: None declared, A Javaid: None declared, J Waters: None declared, G Foster Grant/Research Support from: Roche, Janssen, Tibotec, Novartis, Consultant for: Abbott, BI, BMS, Chughai, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Tibotec.


Block traces are widely used for system studies, model verifications, and design analyses in both industry and academia. While such traces include detailed block access patterns, existing trace-driven research unfortunately often fails to find true-north due to a lack of runtime contexts such as user idle periods and system delays, which are fundamentally linked to the characteristics of target storage hardware. In this work, we propose TraceTracker, a novel hardware/software co-evaluation method that allows users to reuse a broad range of the existing block traces by keeping most their execution contexts and user scenarios while adjusting them with new system information. Specifically, our TraceTracker's software evaluation model can infer CPU burst times and user idle periods from old storage traces, whereas its hardware evaluation method remasters the storage traces by interoperating the inferred time information, and updates all inter-arrival times by making them aware of the target storage system. We apply the proposed co-evaluation model to 577 traces, which were collected by servers from different institutions and locations a decade ago, and revive the traces on a high-performance flash-based storage array. The evaluation results reveal that the accuracy of the execution contexts reconstructed by TraceTracker is on average 99% and 96% with regard to the frequency of idle operations and the total idle periods, respectively.


The National Football League (NFL) represents its 32 member teams when bargaining with broadcasters over NFL broadcasting rights. Current broadcasting contracts restrict access to NFL Sunday games based upon a viewer's location. I develop an endogenous disagreement payoffs extension to the standard bargaining model to describe the interaction between the NFL and broadcasters when allocating broadcasting rights. The disagreement payoff is found by calculating profits under the counterfactual when the broadcaster does not win. This is done by estimating viewer and advertiser benefits in a full two-sided equilibrium model of advertiser-consumer interaction mediated by channel ad choices and then changing broadcast programs. I estimate advertiser willingness-to-pay to reach a viewer at $ 0.04. I conduct simulations for when NFL bargaining is decentralized to the division level. The estimates suggest that while the price of contracts increases, broadcaster profits increase due to the flexibility in bundling games.


Oral presentation given at the 9th International Workshop on Microwave Discharges: Fundamentals and Applications, held on September 7-11th, 2015, in Cordoba (Spain).


How greenhouse forcing affects ice sheets and sea level during peak interglacial times is an unresolved question of great societal importance. Here we examine the development of glacial-interglacial sequence motifs in drill cores from the Pacific margin of Antarctica and
explore how the West Antarctic Ice Sheet impacted sedimentary systems under different climate states, including during the Pliocene Climatic Optimum (PCO) ~4.5-4.0 Ma. Hundreds of meters of Pliocene sediments were recovered during IODP Expedition 379 in two drill sites within the Resolution Drift. Site U1533 was positioned near a submarine channel originating from the Amundsen Sea continental slope, and Site U1532 was located on the western upper flank of the hemipelagic drift. Abundance and type of sediment transport structures in the cores change gradually in lower Pliocene strata in both drill sites in concert with changes in sedimentation rate. Pliocene strata are characterized with a repetitive facies stacking pattern composed of greenish gray clast-bearing mud with a biosiliceous component, interbedded with dark brownish gray laminated silty clay. The greenish gray clast-bearing muds are tentatively interpreted as "interglacials", however, many greenish grey units have sharp upward transitions into "glacial" laminated mud and the units are irregularly spaced with depth. Analysis of the red-green channel (a*) in shipboard reflectance spectroscopy and colorimetry (RSC) data for Site U1532 on the shipboard age model demonstrates the variable orbital cyclicity of the facies assemblage. Sequence motifs, which are further explored in half-core magnetic susceptibility and XRF core-scanner data, highlight how ice growth and decay, downslope sediment transport, and the position and intensity of ocean currents affected the depositional systems. The ultimate goal of this work is to combine facies interpretations with the detrital sedimentology and other data sets to assess the behavior of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet in a warmer than present climate scenario.


Child labour is a social evil. It destroys the physical, mental and moral development of the children by putting them into employment depriving them of all sorts of enjoyment they need in childhood. They are the future citizen of our society. So it is our duty to look after them, protect them and provide them better care for their physical and mental growth. This problem drags the attention of social thinkers, policy makers and Government officials for eradication. The present Book aims to discuss and summarise the generalisations achieved through the study on children found at work in automobile workshops with special reference to the socio-economic background of the children found at work in automobile workshops, previous academic performance, their work and life, monthly wage, night work, process of became labour at automobile workshops, hazards exposed due to work at workshops, their attitude and perception towards work, wage, continuing education, self-employment as well as their future plan and so on and moreover present important findings, conclusion derived and hence appropriate suggestions to eliminate the problem of child labour.


A cup of coffee contains mutagens which produce about 5 X 10(4)-10(5) revertants of Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 without S9 mix. One of the mutagens was identified to be methylglyoxal. Methylglyoxal was present in various beverages such as black tea, whisky, and brandy. Methylglyoxal itself induced tumors in rats when administered by subcutaneous injection. However, the mutagenic properties of coffee were different from those of methylglyoxal. The mutagenicity of coffee was suppressed by catalase, and coffee was found to contain hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, coffee solution was found to have a hydrogen peroxide-generating system. Instant coffee (15 mg/mL) contains 130 microM hydrogen peroxide immediately after the dissolution of coffee powder in water at room temperature. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide increased with time. The mutagenicity of methylglyoxal was increased by the copresence of hydrogen peroxide. A maximum of 30-fold enhancement was observed. The mutagenicity of black tea but not that of whisky was suppressed by catalase.


A common problem in many mature markets is how to deal with congestion—a situation in which transaction requests from market participants cannot be accommodated in an expedited manner. This paper examines the congestion problem in sequential Dutch auction markets. Transactions in these markets typically involve perishable goods, making market clearing speed crucial. Traditionally, sequential Dutch auctions have been implemented with fast-paced auction clocks that process equally attractive bids in the order they arrive and only award the first bidder as the winner of each round, which can lead to serious congestion in case of a demand surge. We propose a hybrid mechanism that capitalizes on the discrete nature of the auction clock and batches together the highest bids, allowing multiple transactions at the same price in each round. To evaluate the performance of the hybrid mechanism, we first develop a game-theoretic model comparing the hybrid mechanism to the traditional sequential Dutch auction mechanism. Our model predicts that the hybrid mechanism will achieve higher operational efficiency without compromising allocative efficiency. We then complement the theoretical analysis by evaluating the hybrid mechanism through a quasi-natural field experiment. The empirical analysis of the field data shows that the hybrid mechanism can significantly speed up the market clearing process and increase price stability without affecting the expected revenue. Our findings shed new light on the design and operation of multi-unit auctions.


Although about half of patients with advanced breast cancer show either an objective response or disease stabilization on first line endocrine therapy, virtually all eventually relapse. Few of those patients that fail to respond to first-line treatment, respond to challenge with a second agent. In most cases, the cause of this de novo resistance appears to be the presence of only very low levels of oestrogen receptor (ER) and presumed growth dependence on other pathways. Patients who develop acquired resistance after an initial response, have approximately a 50% chance of responding to a further agent. The most frequently used first-line agent is tamoxifen, and the understanding of acquired endocrine resistance mainly relates to this agent. Selection of ER-ve clones of cells does not appear to occur frequently, and there is little clinical evidence to support the role of ER variants or mutants. There is evidence, however, that in some patients the intratumoural concentration of tamoxifen is substantially reduced at relapse, despite no change in plasma levels.


The Covid-19 pandemic disrupted "normal" modes of public sphere functioning and activated an experimental mode of coping, reinventing forms of publicness and communicative exchanges. We conceptualise the social responses triggered by the crisis as particular forms of public sphere resilience and assess the role of digitalisation and digital spaces in the emergence of distinct modes and dynamics of resilience. Four areas of enhanced public sphere experimentation are examined with respect to our conceptualisation: political consumerism, digital modes of solidarity, political protest mobilisation, and news consumption. We discuss overarching features of public sphere resilience across societal sub-spheres and highlight the dynamics and hybridities which structure the emerging public spaces. Resilience practices are accompanied by dynamics of politicisation and depoliticisation coupled with shifting boundaries of publicness and privateness. Our observations likewise reveal the dynamic interplay between resilience and resistance.


Purpose to characterize the demand, territory and hearing tests performed on a Newborn Hearing Screening Program. Methods retrospective study of a sample of 2334 records of newborns screened, involving the analysis of data on Newborn Hearing Screening, Newborns of information and demographic variables. Results 88% were screened newborns, and of these 16% had Risk Indicator for Hearing Impairment and 84% did not. It was observed that the indicator was the most prevalent family history, and that the chances of passing the test are lower in the presence of indicator and when the newborn's weight less than 1,500 g. The index-pass test failure was 78% and 22% passes failure. On the test result, the greater number of failures unilateral and retest failure 4% being a membership of more than 70%. Conclusion study like this allows the active pursuit of newborn risk group for hearing impairment in their respective territories, with greater possibility of tracking and thus reach the primary goal of hearing screening is that the diagnosis of deafness until the third month life, in addition to designing a Neonatal hearing Screening Program effective in their steps: screening, diagnostic audiology, indication, selection and fitting of hearing aids and re (ha) bilitation hearing.


The penetration of renewable energy resources, such as wind and solar, is continuously growing in power system grids and their interconnection in low short-circuit (LSC) systems (aka weak grids) is becoming more frequent. Converter interfaced resources have controls and dynamics that differ from traditional synchronous generators and require sufficient modeling for potential instabilities to be analyzed and prevented both in planning and operations environment. In this work, instability scenarios related to converter controls of wind turbine generators (WTGs) connected to LSC systems are analyzed, and the limitations of using positive sequence models in these scenarios are demonstrated. In addition, the influence of various converter control parameters on the WTG instability is investigated. The analysis is performed on a portion of the American Electric Power (AEP) network with several hypothetical renewable energy resources.


Studies looking at the links between corruption and quality of life have begun to take place recently, as until now the quality of life has not traditionally been associated with political decisions. Corruption may be defined as the abuse of entrusted power for private gain, which in one way or another affects the quality of life and satisfaction of others. The aim is to bridge the gap between the nexus of corruption and the quality of life in the EU. EU countries were divided into groups of countries according to the year of accession and cover the years 2004-2017 period. The EU has been selected as a geographical region with the aim of uneven economic development of the countries and the lack of research in the region. The aim of the article is to determine the interdependencies between corruption and quality of life indicators in EU countries. Multivariate regression models revealed that the prevalence of corruption among individual groups of six countries had the highest impact on mortality rates, unambiguously showing how well countries are managing their health care systems, population density, birth rate and population aging, GDP per capita, economic situation, life expectancy, serving as an indicator of quality of life and the number of people with primary education. The results of empirical research allow to form insights that in order to reduce corruption it is necessary to focus on the following spheres reflecting the quality of life: education, health care system and general economic situation of the country. The article used the following methods: comparative and systematic literature analysis, multiple regression analysis.


The authors describe morphofunctional changes in gastroduodenal tract in patients with chronic gastroduodenitis. Some of them have previously undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis. Balneotherapy with mineral water "Uvinskaya" has a good effect in the above disease and therefore is recommended for prevention and treatment of patients with chronic gastroduodenitis as well as for prevention of repeated cholelithiasis after cholecystectomy.


This study examines the relationship between prenatal cocaine exposure and child welfare outcomes. Seventy-six infants positive for cocaine at birth were matched to 76 negative infants. With prenatal care and maternal use of alcohol and tobacco controlled, cocaine-exposed infants had significant decrements in birth weight, length, head circumference, and depressed 5-min Apgar scores. This confirmed the health risk of prenatal cocaine exposure for the sample. Three-year follow-up data were obtained from the State Central Register and foster care records. Adjusting for prior maternal involvement with child welfare services the study groups did not differ in incidents of child maltreatment or foster care placement. These findings suggest that prenatal cocaine exposure is not a marker for abusive parenting. However, from the perspective of a cumulative risk model, the identification of cocaine-exposed infants at birth can form the starting point for the development of appropriate diagnostic and follow-up services for mother and child.


Chinese folk art,which is of very distinctive national features,carries abundant spiritual implications and reveals laboring people's ways of thinking,their concepts of value and aesthetic delights.It is therefore not only a legacy of China's traditional folk culture,but also a gorgeous treasure of the world art.Chinese folk art has all along its exuberant vitality and eternal value of art.


Educators are rapidly switching to remote proctoring and examination software for their testing needs, both due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the expanding virtualization of the education sector. State boards are increasingly utilizing these software for high stakes legal and medical licensing exams. Three key concerns arise with the use of these complex software: exam integrity, exam procedural fairness, and exam-taker security and privacy. We conduct the first technical analysis of each of these concerns through a case study of four primary proctoring suites used in U.S. law school and state attorney licensing exams. We reverse engineer these proctoring suites and find that despite promises of high-security, all their anti-cheating measures can be trivially bypassed and can pose significant user security risks. We evaluate current facial recognition classifiers alongside the classifier used by Examplify, the legal exam proctoring suite with the largest market share, to ascertain their accuracy and determine whether faces with certain skin tones are more readily flagged for cheating. Finally, we offer recommendations to improve the integrity and fairness of the remotely proctored exam experience.


The polydispersity of hyaluronan (HA) presents challenges for analyzing its solution properties, such as the relationship between mass and particle size. The broad mass range of natural HA (≤50-fold) makes molecular characterization difficult and ambiguous compared to molecules with known molecular weights (e.g., proteins). Biophysical studies show that large >MDa HA behaves like a random coil, whereas very small (e.g., 10 kDa) HA behaves like a rod. However, the mass range for this conformational transition is not easily determined in natural polydisperse HA. Some HA receptors (e.g., CD44 and HARE) initiate signaling responses upon binding HA in the 100-300 kDa range, but not larger MDa HA. Size-dependent responses are studied using nonnatural HA: purified narrow-size range HA [Pandey MS, Baggenstoss BA, Washburn J, Harris EN, Weigel PH. 2013. The hyaluronan receptor for endocytosis (HARE) activates NF-κB-mediated gene expression in response to 40-400 kDa, but not smaller or sarger, hyaluronans. J Biol Chem. 288:14068-14079] and very narrow size range Select-HA made chemo-enzymatically [Jing W, DeAngelis PL. 2004. Synchronized chemoenzymatic synthesis of monodisperse hyaluronan polymers. J Biol Chem. 279:42345-42349]. Here, we used size exclusion chromatography and multiangle light scattering to determine the weight-average molar mass and diameter of ~60 very narrow size preparations from 29 to 1650 kDa. The ratio of HA mass to HA diameter showed a transition in the 150-250 kDa size range (~65 nm). The HA rod-to-coil transition occurs within the size range that specifically activates cell signaling by some receptors. Thus, size-specific signaling could be due to unique external receptor•HA conformation changes that enable transmembrane-mediated activation of cytoplasmic domains. Alternatively and more likely, transition-size HA may enable multiple receptors to bind the same HA, creating new internal signal-competent cytoplasmic domain complexes.


Abstract Controlled-environment experiments were conducted to determine giant foxtail epicuticular wax (ECW) deposition and fluazifop-P absorption under different environmental conditions and with two adjuvants. Drought stress and low temperature increased leaf ECW content, whereas low light intensity decreased ECW content compared with medium light intensity. Drought stress conditions decreased the fatty acid and primary alcohol content of ECW and increased the hydrocarbon content compared with field capacity. Compositional changes would make the ECW more hydrophobic and reduce leaf wetting by herbicide spray. Increasing air temperature decreased the aldehyde content of ECW, whereas decreasing light intensity increased ECW fatty acid and aldehyde content while decreasing primary alcohols and esters. Compositional changes under low light intensity would make the ECW more hydrophilic and increase leaf wetting by a herbicide spray. Drought stress reduced fluazifop-P absorption regardless of the temperature but could not further reduce fluazifop-P absorption under low light intensity. Fluazifop-P absorption by plants under low light and drought stress conditions was similar to plants under low or medium light intensity and field capacity conditions. Similarly, the rate of fluazifop-P absorption was less under drought stress and low light conditions. Fluazifop-P absorption was greater when crop oil concentrate was added compared with 28% urea ammonium nitrate or no additive. Crop oil concentrate, added to the herbicide solution, overcame reduced fluazifop-P absorption under the low light conditions and in one of the two drought stress regimes but could not overcome reduced fluazifop-P absorption with the high temperature regime. Nomenclature: Fluazifop-P; giant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herr. SETFA.


The present study investigated the effects of turmeric on growth performance, immune response, serum cholesterol and carcass characteristics in broilers. A total of 120 day-old straight-run Hubbard broiler chicks were divided into four treatment groups in completely randomized design. Turmeric powder was supplemented through feed at the rates of 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% throughout the rearing period (day 1 to 35). Body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion efficiency were measured on a weekly basis. Blood samples (3 birds/replicate) were collected at the 30th and 35th day of age for determination of antibody titers against infectious bursal disease (IBD) and Newcastle disease (ND), respectively. At the end of the experiment, 3 birds per replicate were slaughtered to obtain carcass characteristics data. Results showed that turmeric supplementation positively affected growth performance. Supplementation at 1 and 1.5 % improved body weight gain, and 0.5% and 1.5% reduced feed intake. All levels improved feed conversion efficiency but supplementation at the rate of 1.5% showed the best results. Turmeric supplementation improved antibody titers against ND and IBD. Serum total cholesterol was reduced and HDL-cholesterol was increased, while LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides remained unaffected due to turmeric supplementation. It can be concluded that turmeric has the potential to improve growth performance, immune response, dressing percentage and cholesterol profile in broilers, and its use at 1.5% through feed is recommended for better results.


Tourism fields has emphasized recently in the indiscipline noted according to the existent studies. For some scholars, this was and is the reason why tourism has not been yet maturated as a serious discipline. Paradoxically, one of the most cited and founding parents of sociology of tourism seems to gain merit in that. The obsession of Dean MacCannell for authenticity and his pejorative view of tourism, as a simple industrial activity, led some studies to biased conclusions which trivialized tourism in last decades. Under this context, the present essays review not only explores the contradictions of D. MacCannell but also re-considers how the needs of protections are functional to the limens, or the dialectics of borders, imposed by Empires. At some extent, our thesis is that staged authenticity work is based on an old European decynonomic ethnocentrism that considers Europe as an evolved culture, whose styles are refined but corrupted, while primitive cultures are seen as pristine, pure, and unpolished. This prejudice coined by the anthropology through XIXth century still persists in tourism literature up to date.


Rising costs of production in Nigeria in the past few decades has rendered the local industry less competitive than their international counterparts. Rational consumers in Nigeria have intelligently substituted expensive and poor quality made-in-Nigeria products for high quality and lowly priced imported products. A combination of poor patronage, rising cost of doing business and an unstable macroeconomic environment has contributed to a dozen recessions in the industrial sector in the last 30 years. A pertinent economic issue is the high rate of inflation in the country. This paper investigates the relationship between inflation and industry output gap in order to ascertain if the negative output gaps in the industry have been caused by strong inflationary pressures. Secondary data was derived from the CBN Statistical Bulletin 2016 between 1985 and 2016. The study used HP Filter technique to estimate the output gap. The Johansen Co-integration test and Vector Error Correction Model was used to determine the long run relationship between inflation and output gap. The study found that there exist a statistically insignificant long run positive relationship between inflation and output gap. However, up to 78 percent of errors generated in the model due to a shock to inflation in the current period are corrected in the next period. The study recommends that policymakers need not take the rate of inflation into consideration when attempting to forecast changes in the output gap, however in the long run, an unstable inflation can contribute to the output gap, therefore inflation needs to be put in check.


In this study, we demonstrate the use of silicone/few-layered hexagonal boron nitride (FL-hBN) composites for heat dissipation applications. FL-hBN is synthesized via a green, facile, low-cost and scalable liquid exfoliation method using a jet cavitation process. The crystal structures, surface morphologies and specific surface areas of pristine h-BN and FL-hBN were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and AFM (atomic force microscopy). The results confirmed that FL-hBN with a thickness of ~4 nm was successfully obtained from the exfoliation process. In addition, we introduced both pristine h-BN and FL-hBN into silicone with different ratios to study their thermal properties. The results of the laser flash analysis indicate that the silicon/FL-hBN composite exhibited a higher thermal conductivity than that of the silicone/h-BN composite. With the optimal loading content of 30 wt.% FL-hBN content, the thermal conductivity of the composite could be enhanced to 230%, which is higher than that of silicone/h-BN (189%). These results indicate that jet cavitation is an effective and swift way to obtain few-layered hexagonal boron nitride that could effectively enhance the thermal conductivity of silicone composites.


This research deals with the subject of Hermaphrodite and its provisions in the personal status, where in the first requirement of the concept of the Hermaphrodite between Islamic jurisprudence and Doctors, and found that there was a large consensus between the concept of the Hermaphrodite in the doctrine and its significance in medicine scientists, where they agreed that the collection between the reproductive tract of humankind. In the second requirement displays the search of the types of Hermaphrodite and the existence of an agreement between the Islamic Jurisprudence and the medicine scientists as a hermaphrodite two types: True hermaphroditism and Pseudo-hermaphroditism. A third requirement was to determine the gender of the Hermaphrodite where Islamic Jurisprudence adopted the external signs in determining sex, while the doctors relied on the clinical and laboratory testing, the external signs may be incompatible with the phenomenon as a result of the tests, so the reliance on virtual signs of Islamic Jurisprudence is not enough. The search then discussed issues related of personal status, where marriage is not allowed to Hermaphrodite until it becomes clear, also prevents the Khalwa. Hermaphrodite Legacy inherits the inheritance of the female and stops the rest of the heirs.


Spontaneous contractions of circular and longitudinal uterine muscles of rat and rabbit during estrogen domination were recorded in vitro isometrically. The circular muscles of both uteri contracted more frequently than the longitudinal muscles. Noradrenaline inhibited the spontaneous contractions of the longitudinal (ED50 = 5x10(-7) M) and circular (ED50 = 4.9x10(-6) M) rat uterine muscles. One molecule of noradrenaline bound 0.35 receptors in the circular and 0.63 receptors in the longitudinal rat muscles. Noradrenaline increased both amplitude and frequency of the rabbit uterine contractions (ED50 = 5.8x10(-9) M for the circular and 1x10(-7) M for the longitudinal muscles). One molecule of noradrenaline bound 0.63 receptors in the circular and 0.84 receptors in the longitudinal muscle of the rabbit uterus. The response of the longitudinal rabbit muscle to noradrenaline was influenced by D-600 to a larger degree than that of the circular muscle. The different sensitivity to noradrenaline of the circular and longitudinal uterine muscles may be explained by the different number of adrenoceptors and their binding sites as well as by some differences in calcium utilization.


In this article, we use four examples to illustrate a variety of techniques for the visualization of complicated data sets. The examples include business data, storm tracking, New Jersey Department of Education records, and classroom observations. The techniques are used to deal with certain geo-spatial patterns and cross-tabulations on the fly. Video clips are referenced throughout to illustrate the interactivity, kinetic actions, and animations of these approaches. The article contains no math and is accessible to all statistics users, including students in high-school AP Stat classes. Download associated data (Zip file - 2.79 Mo) Download associated movies (Zip file - 70.3 Mo)


Invited for this month's cover is the group of Prof. Dr. Hisashi Shimakoshi at Kyushu University, Japan. The front cover shows "le mariage" of an iridium complex and a vitamin B12 derivative with two wedding rings in the background. This collaboration of two complexes is induced by visible light in the presence of air to achieve green molecular transformations. This protocol was applied to the synthesis of amides from a wide range of trichlorinated organic compounds. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201800522.