The project has been in applied mineralogy. Advanced characterisation techniques have been developed and used as a tool for quantitatively describing geological raw materials, middlings and end products for optimal exploitation of mineralogical materials. The overall purpose has been to develop skills and techniques on detection and quantification of mineralogy and microstructures by means of various scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. A premise for success was then to develop a close cooperation with the staff at the electron microscopy laboratory at Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the initiation of the project. A specific objective has been to develop and implement automatic SEM-based quantitative measurements on major and trace minerals in rocks, ores and milled products in order to measure modal mineralogy, microstructures and particle texture including mineral liberation and mineral association. Through collaboration with engineers and researchers in different aspects of mineral production, the work has included development of software, implementation and testing of software, and case studies for the industry and other collaborators. Five papers are included in the thesis. Papers 1 and 2 present methods for quantitative measurements of minerals covering the principles of PTA and EBSD analysis and some case studies. Papers 3-5 present microstructure studies of marble and deeply buried sandstone. In addition, Chapter 5 treats the development of the PTA more thoroughly. The main conclusions from the study are:A method for detailed, quantitative measurements of main and trace minerals and particle texture has been developed in close relation with the industry. The data acquisition is based on commercial hard- and software and the results are post-processed in the developed PTA software. In the future, the PTA will be further developed and it is a goal to launch the system on the commercial market.Several cases of raw material, middlings and end products from the mineral industry were investigated by means of PTA analysis throughout the doctoral study. Modal mineralogy, mineral liberation, mineral associations and mineral intergrowths and the contribution from various minerals to certain elements, have been studied. The cases have demonstrated the strength and the possibilities of the programme.Electron backscatter diffraction was tested and evaluated as a relatively new approach in applied mineralogy, characterising the crystallography. EBSD is not found suitable for ordinary particle analysis, but the technique is superior when studying polymorphs, and in quantitative measurements of lattice orientation and fabric parameters obtained from the measurements of crystal orientations. The microstructure of marble used for exterior cladding panels were investigated with respect to deterioration. Several aspects of the microstructure were measured and analysed, and a prediction model for bowing of marble slabs was calculated. For direction dependent bowing, the grain shape orientation (foliations, lineation) was regarded as most important together with lattice preferred orientation because of extremely anisotropic thermal behaviour of calcite. The variables that influenced the intensity of bowing in the prediction model were grain shape or roughness of the grain boundaries and the shape of the grain-size distribution curve.Optical and electron microscopy techniques were used to investigate relations of diagenesis and microstructure in quartz grains and quartz cement in reservoir sandstones from offshore Norway to search for possible evidences of compaction induced deformation. The quartz overgrowths were indistinguishable from the host grain in EBSD maps supporting syntaxial growth. From low-angle boundary studies it was concluded that cement growth was not accompanied by recrystallisation. Dauphine twins were common both in cemented and non-cemented samples and it was suggested that some of the twins at quartz grain edges and quartz cement-grain contacts may be related to burial compaction. This implies a mechanism of grain-boundary deformation in burial diagenesis, which is invisible using conventional petrographic tools. During the development and implementation of systems and techniques, competence has been developed in the intersection between geology and materials technology. The research groups have become integrated with a common instrument laboratory and knowledge to further develop the laboratory as a resource in applied mineralogical research.


Despite the dramatic development of enantioselective synthesis and chromatographic separation methods, optical resolution still remains the cheapest and operationally sim-plest method for producing pure enantiomers on a larger scale. No extreme conditions or expensive reagents are required, and the eventually expensive resolving agents can be recovered. This chapter is based mainly on the authors' long experience in the resolution of industrially important molecules, and it presents new observations and establishments as well. Several methods for separation of chiral mixtures, enantiomeric and diastereo- meric mixtures, are shown, and possibilities for predicting the efficiency of resolution based on the analysis of physico-chemical properties of the reactants are also described.


Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) derived from healthy individuals are important controls for disease modeling studies. To create a resource of genetically annotated iPSCs, we reprogrammed footprint-free lines from four volunteers in the Personal Genome Project Canada (PGPC). Multilineage directed differentiation efficiently produced functional cortical neurons, cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes. Pilot users further demonstrated line versatility by generating kidney organoids, T-lymphocytes and sensory neurons. A frameshift knockout was introduced into MYBPC3 and these cardiomyocytes exhibited the expected hypertrophic phenotype. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) based annotation of PGPC lines revealed on average 20 coding variants. Importantly, nearly all annotated PGPC and HipSci lines harboured at least one pre-existing or acquired variant with cardiac, neurological or other disease associations. Overall, PGPC lines were efficiently differentiated by multiple users into cell types found in six tissues for disease modeling, and clinical annotation highlighted variant-preferred lines for use as unaffected controls in specific disease settings.


This article demonstrates and examines the potential use of interlingual identifiers for forensic authorship analysis and native language influence detection (NLID). The work focuses on the practical applications of native language (L1) identifiers by a human analyst in investigative situations. Using naturally occurring blog posts where the writer self-identifies as a native Persian speaker, a human analyst derived and coded sets of non-native features. Two logistic regression models were built: the first was used to select features to distinguish L1 Persian speakers from L1 English speakers in their English writings, the second developed a feature list to contrast L1 languages that are geographically and linguistically close to Persian. The results clearly demonstrate that interlingual identifiers have the potential to aid in determining the L1 of an anonymous author and can be used by a human analyst in a short forensically realistic example text. This article demonstrates that NLID is possible beyond the more common computational approaches and can form a useful tool in the forensic linguist's toolbox. This study is not a statistical validation study; instead it demonstrates how a sociolinguistic approach can complement more traditional computational approaches.


This monograph brings together some of the best practitioners and scholars of the art and craft of political biography in Australia. The assembled papers explore the strengths and weaknesses of the biographical approach; the enjoyment it can deliver; the problems and frustrations of writing biographies; and the various ways the 'project' can be approached by those constructing these lives. This monograph brings together some of the best practitioners of the art and craft of political biography in Australia. They are simultaneously some of our best scholars who, at least in part, have turned their attention to writing Australian political lives. They are not merely chroniclers of our times but multidisciplinary analysts constructing layers of explanation and theoretical insight. They include academic, professional and amateur biographers; scholars from a range of disciplines (politics, history, sociology, public administration, gender studies); and politicians who for a time strutted the political stage. The assembled papers explore the strengths and weaknesses of the biographical approach; the enjoyment it can deliver; the problems and frustrations of writing biographies; and the various ways the 'project' can be approached by those constructing these lives. They probe the art and craft of the political biographer.


We report the observation of the decay B0→π0π0, using a 253fb-1 data sample collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. The measured branching fraction is B(B0→π0π0)= (2.3-0.5-0.3+0.4+0.2)×10-6, with a significance of 5.8 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties. We also make a measurement of the direct CP violating asymmetry in this mode. © 2005 The American Physical Society.


Is the human language understander a collection of modular processes operating with relative autonomy, or is it a single integrated process? This ongoing debate has polarized the language processing community, with two fundamentally different types of model posited, and with each camp concluding that the other is wrong. One camp puts forth a model with separate processors and distinct knowledge sources to explain one body of data, and the other proposes a model with a single processor and a homogeneous, monolithic knowledge source to explain the other body of data. In this paper we argue that a hybrid approach which combines a unified processor with separate knowledge sources provides an explanation of both bodies of data, and we demonstrate the feasibility of this approach with the computational model called COMPERE. We believe that this approach brings the language processing community significantly closer to offering human-like language processing systems.


Abstract The operation of the ITER machine requires the implementation of two sets of coil systems installed inside the vessel – the edge-localized mode (ELM) coil system and the vertical stabilization (VS) coil system. The ELM coils generate resonant magnetic perturbations in order to reduce high power deposition in the divertor induced by ELM heating and can as an option be used to control moderately unstable resistive wall modes (RWM). The VS coils provide fast vertical stabilization of the plasma. There are three ELM coils in each 40 degrees vacuum vessel (VV) sector; one each in the lower, middle and upper segments for a total of twenty seven individually powered coils. ELM coils are 6-turn rectangular coils. There are two VS coils in the VV, in the lower and upper segments below and above the lower and upper ELM coils respectively. Each upper or lower VS coil is made with 4 turns independently fed for failure recovery in the event of a faulted turn. The In-Vessel Coils (IVCs) and feeders are placed under the blanket shield modules and manifolds and need to be compatible with them. An integrated design concept has been developed that provides for an integrated design of the IVCs and their feeders, the blanket manifolds and the blankets and their respective attachment features to the VV.


The sanctuary on the island of Keros takes the form of deposits of broken marble vessels and figurines, probably brought severally for deposition from elsewhere in the Cyclades. These acts of devotion have now been accurately dated, thanks to Bayesian analyses of the contemporary stratigraphic sequence on the neighbouring islet of Dhaskalio. The period of use—from 2750 to 2300 cal BC—precedes any identified worship of gods in the Aegean and the site is among the earliest ritual destinations only accessible by sea. The authors offer some preliminary thoughts on the definition of these precocious acts of pilgrimage.


This review article presents the most recent developments in the use of materials based on dipyrromethene (DPM) and azadipyrromethenes (ADPM) for organic photovoltaic (OPV) applications. These chromophores and their corresponding BF2-chelated derivatives BODIPY and aza-BODIPY, respectively, are well known for fluorescence-based applications but are relatively new in the field of photovoltaic research. This review examines the variety of relevant designs, synthetic methodologies and photophysical studies related to materials that incorporate these porphyrinoid-related dyes in their architecture. The main idea is to inspire readers to explore new avenues in the design of next generation small-molecule and bulk-heterojunction solar cell (BHJSC) OPV materials based on DPM chromophores. The main concepts are briefly explained, along with the main challenges that are to be resolved in order to take full advantage of solar energy.


On June 24, 2004, the U.S. Supreme Court decided Blakely v. Washington, the most significant criminal procedure case in the past century in terms of its immediate effects, regardless of whether in the end it proves to have any enduring legacy. In Blakely, the Court found the Washington State Sentencing Guidelines unconstitutional, placed the validity of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines in the gravest doubt, and cast a shadow of deep uncertainty over many state sentencing systems and the entire twenty-five-year sentencing reform movement. This Article argues that the Blakely decision was a mistake, and that the Court should recognize its mistake and take the earliest opportunity to reverse itself. The Article is addressed primarily, though by no means exclusively, to the federal implications of Blakely and makes six basic points: First, Blakely really has created a ghastly mess, bringing the federal criminal justice system to a virtual halt and a putting a number of state systems in disarray. Second, if the Court extends Blakely to the Federal Sentencing Guidelines, the chaos will not abate; instead, the field of struggle will simply widen to include Congress. Third, the unprecedented disruption that Blakely has caused, and that a ratifying successor would extend, cannot be justified as necessary to vindicate a transcendent constitutional principle because the principle on which Blakely rests is at best narrowly formalistic and at worst logically incoherent. Fourth, because of the odd formalism of the Blakely rule, as written, it can be evaded by equally formalistic legislative responses. But if the Blakely rule were modified and extended to the degree necessary to make it logical and coherent, doing so would cripple structured sentencing in both federal and state courts. Fifth, at least to an outside observer, it seems likely that the Blakely decision, whatever its stated doctrinal basis, was in some measure influenced by rising concern among judges about a federal sentencing system that in recent years has produced ever-harsher sentencing rules and an ever-increasing tilt of sentencing authority away from the judiciary and toward an alliance of Congress and the Justice Department. Yet paradoxically, virtually all of the likely reconfigurations of federal sentencing law in response to Blakely would do little or nothing to reduce sentence length and would decrease judicial sentencing power while increasing prosecutorial and congressional control. Finally, in light of the doctrinal and practical difficulties with Blakely, the article suggests that the Court repudiate Blakely and pursue other more fruitful constitutional avenues to address the undoubted deficiencies in current federal and state sentencing practice.


This research aims to detect the financial statement Fraud by using analysis of fraud triangle. Based on the theory advanced by Donald R Cressey (1953) or the theory of Cressey, there are three conditions that are always present in the act of fraud, namely pressure, opportunity and rationalization which is referred to as the fraud triangle. These three conditions are risk factors for the incidence of fraud in various conditions. However, in this study only analyzed using the fraud triangle element variable pressures and opportunity, and do not use the variable element of rationalization. The variables used in this study consisted of each of the elements including the Financial Stability proxied by the ratio of the change in total assets (ACHANGE), financial targets proxied by Return on Assets (ROA), the nature of the industry which is proxied by the ratio of change in receivables (RECEIVABLE), and ineffective monitoring proxied by the ratio of independent directors (IND) and variable financial statement fraud proxied by the earnings management.The population in this study are a company listed in JII Company (Jakarta Islamic Index) and publish annual reports in a row during  2011-2015. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Based on these criteria was selected 12 companies sampled in this study. The analysis used is multiple linear regression and SPSS 22 software using the results of testing tools.This study indicate that the Financial Stability variables, the financial targets, the nature of the industry a significant positive effect on the Financial Statement Fraud and Ineffective Monitoring while significant negative effect on the Financial Statement Fraud.


Finding similar entities among knowledge graphs is an essential research problem for knowledge integration and knowledge graph connection. This paper aims at finding semantically similar entities between two knowledge graphs. This can help end users and search agents more effectively and easily access pertinent information across knowledge graphs. Given a query entity in one knowledge graph, the proposed approach tries to find the most similar entity in another knowledge graph. The main idea is to leverage graph embedding, clustering, regression and sentence embedding. In this approach, RDF2Vec has been employed to generate vector representations of all entities of the second knowledge graph and then the vectors have been clustered based on cosine similarity using K medoids algorithm. Then, an artificial neural network with multilayer perception topology has been used as a regression model to predict the corresponding vector in the second knowledge graph for a given vector from the first knowledge graph. After determining the cluster of the predicated vector, the entities of the detected cluster are ranked through sentence-BERT method and finally the entity with the highest rank is chosen as the most similar one. To evaluate the proposed approach, experiments have been conducted on real-world knowledge graphs. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Silence, John Cage's first book and epic masterpiece, was published in October 1961. In these lectures, scores, and writings, Cage tries, as he says, to find a way of writing that comes from ideas, is not about them, but that produces them. Often these writings include mesostics and essays created by subjecting the work of other writers to chance procedures using the I Ching. Fifty years later comes a beautiful new edition with a foreword by eminent music critic Kyle Gann. A landmark book in American arts and culture, Silence has been translated into more than forty languages and has sold over half a million copies worldwide. Wesleyan University Press is proud to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the book's publication with this special hardcover edition.


The work presented in this dissertation is motivated by the observation that the classical (re)insurance risk modelling assumptions of independent and identically distributed claim amounts, Poisson claim arrivals and premium income accumulating linearly at a certain rate, starting from possibly non-zero initial capital, are often not realistic and violated in practice. There is an abundance of examples in which dependence is observed at various levels of the underlying risk model. Developing risk models which are more general than the classical one and can successfully incorporate dependence between claim amounts, consecutively arriving at the insurance company, and/or dependence between the claim inter-arrival times, is at the heart of this dissertation. The main objective is to consider such general models and to address the problem of (non-) ruin within a finite-time horizon of an insurance company. Furthermore, the aim is to consider general risk and performance measures in the context of a risk sharing arrangement such as an excess of loss (XL) re insurance contract. There are two parties involved in an XL re insurance contract and their interests are contradictory, as has been first noted by Karl Borch in the 1960s. Therefore, we define joint, between the cedent and the reinsurer, risk and performance measures, both based on the probability of ruin, and show how the latter can be used to optimally set the parameters of an XL reinsurance treaty. Explicit expressions for the proposed risk and performance measures are derived and are used efficiently in numerical illustrations.


Going green has seeped into the nation's consumer consciousness. And while some industries have received more attention than others, research has shown that even for consumers with knowledge of environmental impacts resulting from apparel production and manufacture, purchasing green over conventional apparel has not historically been a concern for many consumers. This paper theorizes that the outdoor apparel industry, with their history of championing environmental conservation efforts can serve as an industry leader by implementing product sustainability efforts across their supply chain to influence other apparel brands and actors within the textile supply chain to employ greener practices. This paper explores that question by researching (1) the potential of whether the outdoor recreationalist, the main consumer of outdoor brands' products, will be receptive to purchasing green apparel and the potential for a higher price tag, (2) environmental impacts associated with apparel life cycle, (3) product sustainability best practices as advocated by industry trade associations, and (4) a benchmark of product sustainability practices implemented by several outdoor brands as identified by publicly available literature. A review of the environmental impacts associated with apparel across the entire product life cycle revealed that impacts from the production and processing and apparel consumer use stage dwarf those of transportation and product end-of-life. An additional comparison of environmental impacts from specific fiber types revealed that wool was the most sustainable fiber among those examined. Lastly, the review of apparel product sustainability practices found, at an approximate result of two to one, that the majority of outdoor brands did not exhibit or at least advertise their efforts for production of sustainable apparel and that only five (5) of the fourteen (14) brands reviewed publicly exhibited a comprehensive sustainability strategy. However, the study did reveal some brands that exhibited best practices for implementation of sustainable apparel measures and that these brands through their actions were already serving as advocates within the broader apparel industry for adoption of product sustainability measures. Disciplines Other Business | Other Environmental Sciences | Sales and Merchandising This thesis or dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/mes_capstones/60 SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES AND STRATEGIES IN THE OUTDOOR APPAREL BRAND INDUSTRY


Three models—hierarchies, markets, and networks—are used to explore the organization of drug distribution and the place of ethnicity/race in that. These models are well established as conceptual approaches to the coordination of social life. Each of them is employed in the analysis of drug distribution, though not always clearly. This paper aims to elucidate their key features as they bear on questions of ethnicity/race. In doing so, it problematizes the way that ethnicity/race is employed in research and policy circles and challenges naïve assumptions about ethnic sameness and ethnicity/race as bases for organizing drug distribution. Ethnicity may be a useful resource for criminal and legitimate enterprises but both comparisons between the two and details of what is specifically ethnic are generally lacking. Some avenues for future research and simple principles to guide such research are proposed.


This paper discusses the work of two very different settler-Australian painters, and in particular, their respective interest in Aboriginal art and myth. Margaret Preston, one of Australia's leading modernist artists, was interested in bringing Aboriginal designs to popular appeal, largely through home furnishings, because of the contribution she thought they could make towards the creation of a robust nationalist aesthetic. The other painter considered, Ainslie Roberts, who did not enjoy critical acclaim as an artist, ignored Aboriginal designs when painting his interpretation of Aboriginal myths. Roberts' believed he was assisting in bridging a gap between two cultures, and that his paintings were a genuine record of Aboriginal mythology. Whereas Preston sought from Aborigines the 'ways of seeing' that she felt could serve as the foundation for an Australian aesthetic and paid no heed to the mythological and cultural context of Aboriginal design, Roberts took the converse approach. He endeavoured to illustrate Aboriginal myths and legends through paintings not in any way derived from the Aboriginal visual arts. Both artists, however, subjugated Aboriginal designs in the one instance and myths in the other to their own respective interests and concerns.


We conducted both same-species and cross-species analysis utilizing the Genome Mapping and Alignment Program (GMAP) and an AS pipeline (ASpipe) to study AS in four genome-enabled species (Danio rerio, Oryzias latipes, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Takifugu rubripes) and one species lacking a complete genome sequence, Ictalurus punctatus. AS frequency was lowest in the highly duplicated genome of zebrafish (17% of mapped genes). The compact genome of the pufferfish showed the highest occurrence of AS ( 43% of mapped genes). An inverse correlation between AS frequency and genome size was consistent across all analyzed species. Approximately 50% of AS genes identified by same-species comparisons were shared among two or more species. We have analyzed gene duplication patterns and duplication types among the available teleost genomes and found that a large number of genes were tandemly and intrachromosomally duplicated, suggesting their origin of independent and continuous duplication. This is particularly true for the zebrafish genome. Further analysis of the duplicated gene sets indicated that a significant portion of duplicated genes in the zebrafish genome were of recent, lineage-specific duplication events. Most strikingly, a subset of duplicated genes is enriched among the recently duplicated genes involved in immune or sensory response pathways. Because of the rapid improvements in cost and quality of sequencing data, de novo sequencing and assembly is possible not only in large sequencing centers, but also in small labs. This project addressed the Message Passing Interface (MPI) version assembler software, MPI-Velvet. It can process high coverage data sets and quickly reconstruct the underlying sequences.


The amount of effort needed to maintain a software system is related to the technical quality of the source code of that system. The ISO 9126 model for software product quality recognizes maintainability as one of the 6 main characteristics of software product quality, with adaptability, changeability, stability, and testability as subcharacteristics of maintainability. Remarkably, ISO 9126 does not provide a consensual set of measures for estimating maintainability on the basis of a system's source code. On the other hand, the Maintainability Index has been proposed to calculate a single number that expresses the maintainability of a system. In this paper, we discuss several problems with the MI, and we identify a number of requirements to be fulfilled by a maintainability model to be usable in practice. We sketch a new maintainability model that alleviates most of these problems, and we discuss our experiences with using such as system for IT management consultancy activities.


Background: Immigration to Australia pre 1995 was largely low skilled. Recessions led to competition between low-skilled domestic workers and new immigrants and subsequent cuts in migration intakes. Historical changes in birth rates, increased participation in tertiary education, increasing numbers retiring and the relatively rapid restructuring of the skill level of labour demand combined to produce a skilled labour supply crisis in Australia from the mid-1990s. The permanent and temporary skilled migration policies established by the Australian Government from 1995 played an important role in meeting that labour demand, especially in the boom years of the first decade of the 21st century.
Aims: This paper examines the impact of immigration on employment in Australia subsequent to the global financial crisis (GFC) for the five-year period from July 2011 to July 2016.
Data and methods: Data for the paper are sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The paper uses survival methods to decompose the growth in employment in Australia in the five-year period from 2011 to 2016: (1) change in age and sex distribution in the absence of migration; (2) changes in employment participation rates by age and sex; (3) net migration by age and sex.
Results: Immigration in response to strong labour demand has continued post GFC. From July 2011 to July 2016, employment in Australia increased by 738,800. Immigrants accounted for 613,400 of the total increase, population growth 98,900 and changes in employment participation only 26,500. Migration has had a very large effect on the age structure of employment with most new immigrant workers (595,300) being under 55 years.
Conclusions: Research indicates that immigration provides major benefits to the Australian economy. However, as strong labour demand is likely to sustain migration at relatively high levels in coming years, it is incumbent upon governments to plan for the effects of rapid population growth on infrastructure and resources.


We report on the fabrication, detailed characterization and modeling of lateral InGaAs quantum dot molecules (QDMs) embedded in a GaAs matrix and we discuss strategies to fully control their spatial configuration and electronic properties. The three-dimensional morphology of encapsulated QDMs was revealed by selective wet chemical etching of the GaAs top capping layer and subsequent imaging by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM investigation showed that different overgrowth procedures have a profound consequence on the QDM height and shape. QDMs partially capped and annealed in situ for micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy consist of shallow but well-defined quantum dots (QDs) in contrast to misleading results usually provided by surface morphology measurements when they are buried by a thin GaAs layer. This uncapping approach is crucial for determining the QDM structural parameters, which are required for modeling the system. A single-band effective-mass approximation is employed to calculate the confined electron and heavy-hole energy levels, taking the geometry and structural information extracted from the uncapping experiments as inputs. The calculated transition energy of the single QDM shows good agreement with the experimentally observed values. By decreasing the edge-to-edge distance between the two QDs within a QDM, a splitting of the electron (hole) wavefunction into symmetric and antisymmetric states is observed, indicating the presence of lateral coupling. Site control of such lateral QDMs obtained by growth on a pre-patterned substrate, combined with a technology to fabricate gate structures at well-defined positions with respect to the QDMs, could lead to deterministically controlled devices based on QDMs.


31 March & 1 April 2004 We have witnessed big changes in to the nature of postgraduate programmes in the UK. Up until the 1960s, graduate study equated to the traditional PhD training programme; by the 1990s nearly all universities were offering taught postgraduate training. The UCL Teaching and Learning strategy recognises these changes and calls attention to the needs of part-time and mature students. In CHIME we provide two part-time postgraduate courses, designed to meet the needs of those working full-time in the NHS. We were given a SCILTA award to enable us to carry out a follow up study of our students. The aim of the research is to design and pilot a method of assessing the impact of a modular MSc programme on students' careers and professional practice. This presentation will describe our research methods and summarise the findings. We will raise issues about the changing nature of postgraduate study and the challenge this poses to university departments in UCL.


Abstract We analyse the impact of public subsidies on private sector research and development (R&D) activity for a sample of East German firms. Using propensity score matching, our empirical results indicate that subsidized firms indeed show a higher level of R&D intensity (R&D expenditures relative to total turnover) and a higher probability for patent application compared with non-subsidized firms. We find that, on average, the R&D intensity increases from 1.5% to 3.9%. The probability of patent application rises from 20% to 40%. These results closely match earlier empirical findings for East Germany. Given the fact that the East German innovation system is particularly driven by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), we draw special attention to the effectiveness of R&D subsidies for this latter subgroup. Here, no specific empirical evidence is available so far. Our findings indicate that policy effectiveness also holds for private R&D activity of SMEs, with the highest increase in terms of R&D intensity being estimated for microbusinesses with up to ten employees.


For two decades Hungary, like the other Eastern European countries, followed a general policy of establishing and strengthening the institutions of democracy, rule of law, and a market economy based on private property. However, since the elections of 2010, when Viktor Orban's Fidesz party came to power, Hungary has made a dramatic U-turn. This article investigates the different spheres of society: political institutions, the rule of law, and the influence of state and market on one another, as well as the world of ideology (education, science and art), and describes the U-turn's implications for these fields and the effect it has on the life of people. It argues against the frequent misunderstandings in the interpretation and evaluation of the Hungarian situation, pointing out some typical intellectual fallacies. It draws attention to the dangers of strengthening nationalism, and to the ambivalence evident in Hungarian foreign policy, and looks into the relationship between Hungary and the Western world, particularly the European Union. Finally, it outlines the possible scenarios resulting from future developments in the Hungarian situation.


The purpose of this paper is to present a system for the analysis and classification of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. This system, unlike most of its competitors, allows a careful modeling of the statistical properties of the data beyond the usual Gaussian hypothesis. The modeling tools include basic descriptive measures and the choice of suited distributions, through goodness-of-fit tests, to model the data. The classification tools offer the choice between pointwise and contextual (Markovian) techniques, and the quantitative assessment of the quality of the results. The system is goal-driven, and its interfaces are solely based on pull-down menus; the user is prompted with the correct sequence of operations, whenever an invalid option is invoked. An example of the use of this system for the classification of a SAR image is presented.


The changing material composition of cars represents a challenge for future recycling of end‐of‐life vehicles (ELVs). Particularly, as current recycling targets are based solely on mass, critical metals increasingly used in cars might be lost during recycling processes, due to their small mass compared to bulk metals such as Fe and Al. We investigate a complementary indicator to material value in passenger vehicles based on exergy. The indicator is called thermodynamic rarity and represents the exergy cost (GJ) needed for producing a given material from bare rock to the market. According to our results, the thermodynamic rarity of critical metals used in cars, in most cases, supersedes that of the bulk metals that are the current focus of ELV recycling. While Fe, Al, and Cu account for more than 90% of the car's metal content, they only represent 60% of the total rarity of a car. In contrast, while Mo, Co, Nb, and Ni account for less than 1% of the car's metal content, their contribution to the car's rarity is larger than 7%. Rarity increases with the electrification level due to the greater amount of critical metals used; specifically, due to an increased use of (1) Al alloys are mainly used in the car's body‐in‐white of electric cars for light‐weighting purposes, (2) Cu in car electronics, and (3) Co, Li, Ni, and rare earth metals (La, Nd, and Pr) in Li‐ion and NiMH batteries.


For more than four decades, Robert Aitken Roshi has taught thousands of people the Buddhist practice of Zen meditation, and has led hundreds through their practice of the study of traditional koans. He has authored more than a dozen books, including a celebrated appreciation of Basho's haiku; volumes of commentary on sacred texts; works on ethics, daily life, and social action; and one of the best-loved introductions to Zen Buddhism, Taking the Path of Zen. After a long and remarkable life--he will be 91 years old when this collection is published--Aitken Roshi offers a collection of 266 short texts. Some are clearly parables; others are simple stories, quotations, memories, and commentaries. Resembling Benjamin Franklin's Almanac or the epigrams of Chamfort as much as it does work from ancient sages, this collection of "miniatures" distills a life devoted to teaching and awareness. Any person living a considered life, whether secular humanist or religious seeker, will find this a book of rich inspiration.


Financial losses in telephony caused by fraud represent four to six percents of telecommunication industry income. An answer to this threat is increasing research of fraud management systems. One of the less researched branches of this field is the usage of visualization in fraud detection and prevention. The purpose of this work is to research and give an estimate for the usability of it. Taxonomic classification of fraud and fraud management system was the first step in order to get a clear picture of the tasks that fraud management system has to carry out. With that and visualization theory in mind we then searched for the suitable visual representations for each task. The conclusion was that visualization is not a critical part of the system but a valuable additional tool that will increase the productivity of the analyst. In the fraud prevention phase visualization will help to analyze information received from elements that are used to protect the system, detection phase will benefit as visualization is efficient for huge dataset analysis and in the last processing phase visualization will help to filter the alarms reported from the previous phase. But we have to be careful, as visualization is only useful if properly implemented, with presentation appearance and functionality in mind. The contribution of this work is a systematical overview of the addressed topic, application model and visualization prototypes based on real life examples. The theoretical findings were confirmed with practical examples. Further work should include a closer cooperation with fraud analysts and research with empirical methods. That would most likely bring us closer to new ideas and better results.


ABSTRACT Since the 1990s, the low number of students choosing to study science and technology in higher education has been on the societal agenda and many initiatives have been launched to promote awareness regarding career options. The initiatives particularly focus on increasing enrolment in the engineering programmes. This article describes and compares eight European initiatives that have been established and operated by universities (and in some cases through collaboration with other actors in society). Each initiative is summarised in a short essay that discusses motivation, organisation, pedagogical approach, and activities. The initiatives are characterised by comparing the driving forces behind their creation, how the initiative activities relate to the activities at the university, size based on the number of participants and cost per participant and pedagogical framework. There seem to be two main tracks for building outreach activities, one where outreach activities are based on the university's normal activities, and one where outreach activities are designed specifically for the visiting students.


A photoelectrochemical cell based on a TiO2 photoanode, a Nafion membrane, and a platinum cathode was used to photo-oxidize formic acid to produce high-energy electrons, which were then used to produce H2. Using AM1.5 simulated sunlight, the cell had a photocurrent of 150 μA cm−2 and produced 60 μL h−1 cm−2 (88% faradaic efficiency). Polarization curves were taken and the cell produced a maximum power of 30 μW h−1 cm−2. The cell temperature was varied and the open circuit potential showed a trend consistent with Nernstian behavior while the polarization curves shifted slightly. To study effects of different organics, open circuit measurements and polarization curves were taken for formaldehyde and methanol in addition to formic acid. Though the three single-carbon organics have quite similar oxidation mechanisms, the photoelectrochemical behavior of methanol varied significantly from that of both formaldehyde and formic acid. Possible reasons for the differences are discussed.


Background & Objectives: Traditionally use of the medicinal plants for treating of diseases. This present study is carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents of three extracts (Methanolic, Ethanolic and Aqueous) of five different species of medicinal plants such as Withania somnifera L. Dunal., Salvia rhytidea Bent, Levisticum officinale L, Seidlitzia rosmarinus L., and Achillea wilhelmsii L. Material & Methods: After preparing the extracts with maceration method, antioxidant activities were determined by two methods (DPPH and FRAP) and antimicrobial activities were estimated by Disk-Diffusion method against bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and fungi (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans) and phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin-Ciocaltiu, Aluminum Chloride colorimetric. Results: The results showed that, the methanolic extract of W. somnifera had maximum total phenolic (41.45p4.64 mgGAE/gExtract) and flavonoid contents (35.21p2.54 mgQUE/gExtract) and antioxidant activity, (IC50=8.12p1.36mg/ml, 58.19p1.68 mM Fe2+/mgExtract) and antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans with the diameter of inhibition zone (29p1.06 and (27p1.00 mm) respectively. In contrast, the aqueous extract of L. officinale had minimum value of total phenolic (17.12p1.93 mgGAE/gExtract) and flavonoid contents (12.61p2.06 mgQUE/gExtract) and antioxidant activity (IC50=121.43p3.36mg/ml, 13.74p2.52 mM Fe2+/mgExtract) and antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus and Aspergillus niger with the diameter of inhibition zone (4p0.57 and 5p1.00 mm) respectively. Conclusion: Overall, based on the results, the studied plants can be a good candidate for the treatment of diseases caused by oxidative stress, and diseases are caused by pathogenic microbes. n n


College students are heavy consumers of energy beverages, yet further study is needed to better understand determinants of use. The purpose of this cross-sectional study (N = 283) was to identify beliefs explaining unsafe consumption practices. A principal components analysis revealed three eigenvalues >1 explaining approximately 55% of the variance (health and appearance, performance and fatigue, and recreation and alcohol). Multiple regression analysis explained 75% of the variance for intent to consume. Standardized beta for attitude and subjective norms was p < .001; perceived behavioral control was p < .05. MANOVA was used to determine the effect of gender on eight dependent variables (Wilks's lambda = 3.78, p < .001). Attitudes and subjective norms influenced the intent to consume energy beverages, particularly in males. Students viewed energy beverages as useful for managing health and appearance and performance and fatigue, and as a way to enhance recreation and alcohol consumption.


Motivation: Multidimensional data sets are common in many research areas, including microarray experiment data sets. Genome researchers are using cluster analysis to find meaningful groups in microarray data. However, the high dimensionality of the data sets hinders users from finding interesting patterns, clusters, and outliers. Determining the biological significance of such features remains problematic due to the difficulties of integrating biological knowledge. In addition, it is not efficient to perform a cluster analysis over the whole data set in cases where researchers know the approximate temporal pattern of the gene expression that they are seeking. Results: To address these problems, we add three new features to the Hierarchical Clustering Explorer (HCE): (1) scatterplot ordering methods so that all 2D projections of a high dimensional data set can be ordered according to relevant criteria, (2) a gene ontology browser, coupled with clustering results so that known gene functions within a cluster can be easily studied, (3) a profile search so that genes with a certain temporal pattern can be easily identified. Availability: HCE 2.0 is a PC application written in Microsoft Visual C++. The full application and user's manual of HCE 2.0 with three new features is freely available at http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/hce/ for academic or research purposes. Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com


Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is endemic in approximately 80 tropical and subtropical countries. About 120 million people are infected with the parasite and a billion are estimated to be at risk of infection. The main focus of the LF elimination programme to date has been to interrupt transmission by means of annual community-wide treatment campaigns with diethylcarbamazine and albendazole, or albendazole and ivermectin, for a period of four to six years. Although substantial progress has been recorded wherever the strategy has been successfully implemented, initial gains have been accompanied by a realization that this strategy alone will not ensure a permanent solution in all settings. The fairly extensive LF literature is dominated by laboratory research and quantitative field measurement of the impact of LF, particularly local prevalence studies of parasite-infected humans and vectors. As the global elimination programme expands, the absence of sociocultural understanding is being recognized as a critical flaw in ensuring that programmes are appropriate and responsive to local needs and understanding. This paper assesses the current state of sociocultural understanding pertaining to LF. It concludes that, at present, there is insufficient understanding of the sociocultural factors associated with the presence and treatment of the disease, and that appropriate social science methods should be used to address this deficiency and ensure community partnership in delivering and sustaining the success of LF elimination programmes.


Abstract Wyoming is famous for its deep structural basins containing both abundant vertebrate fossils and uranium-ore deposits in the form of roll fronts. Research conducted in The Breaks, an area of badlands in the northeastern corner of the Hanna Basin, south-central Wyoming, shows that these two disparate phenomena have an important relationship. Vertebrate bones and teeth, composed of bioapatite, are chemically stable under most diagenetic conditions. The chemical changes that occur at the leading edge of a propagating roll front, however, are capable of eliminating these fossils. This happens as pyrite is oxidized, which releases sulfuric acid to the ground water. Sulfuric acid reacts vigorously with apatite, releasing soluble phosphate. Phosphate liberated from the dissolved bones and teeth provides a valuable, often limiting, nutrient to plants or lichens once the roll front is exposed on the ground surface. In The Breaks, bedrock permeability is the most important factor controlling the distribution of roll fronts and, therefore, also of vertebrate fossils. Thus, patterns of roll-front distribution, observed from differing lithologic characteristics or floral assemblages growing on the rock, might provide a useful prospecting tool for paleontologists.


Abstract : Chairman Akin, Ranking Member McIntyre, and Members of the Subcommittee, thank you for the opportunity to testify on the Navy's plans for its shipbuilding programs and corresponding budget. My submitted statement today reprises the Congressional Budget Office's (CBO's) May 2010 study entitled An Analysis of the Navy's Fiscal Year 2011 Shipbuilding Plan, which addresses the most recent long-term plan released by the Navy. The Navy's budget submission for 2012 (including information on the intentions for 2013 through 2016) makes only minor changes to the 2011 plan and does not change the basic information included in CBO's study or even most of the details of the analysis. Until this year, the Navy has been required by law to submit a report to the Congress each year that projects the service's shipbuilding requirements, procurement plans, inventories, and costs over the coming 30 years. Since 2006, CBO has been performing an independent analysis of the Navy's latest shipbuilding plan at the request of this Subcommittee. After summarizing the ship requirements and purchases described in the Navy's 2011 plan, CBO's latest study assessed their implications for the Navy's funding needs and ship inventories through 2040. According to its most recent 30-year plan, the Navy envisions buying a total of 276 ships over 30 years at an average annual cost of about $16 billion (in 2010 dollars) for new construction alone, or roughly $18 billion for total shipbuilding (which includes new-ship construction, refueling of nuclear-powered aircraft carriers, and other costs related to shipbuilding). By comparison, CBO's estimates of the costs of the Navy's plan are about $3 billion a year higher an average of $19 billion per year for new construction or $21 billion per year for total shipbuilding. There is nothing in the Navy's 2012 budget request that suggests those numbers will change significantly.


Rapid development of wireless communications gives prominence to simulation. Simulated methods of modeling wireless channel are of significance to wireless communications simulation on both link and system levels. There have been quite a lot of theoretical models which have accurately described the characteristics of wireless channel. However when it comes to the realization of wireless channel in simulation, there seem no accurate enough methods and conclusions. Current simulated methods are mostly built up based on TDL, which is a common framework to model micro fading and mainly focused on micro fading. As to macro fading, Doppler-effect and polarization of electromagnetic wave, this method behaves not well enough, and other statistical approximations is indispensable, such as shadow fading, Doppler power spectrum density and so on. To the question existed, this paper proposes a simulated method to accurately model wireless channel under given wireless environment, on the basis of cluster delay line. This method is highlighted with comprehensive consideration of macro and micro fading, Doppler, multi-path and polarization effect. Analysis and simulation results on characteristics of wireless channel such as signal envelope, coherent time and bandwidth, validate the proposed model.


Morphological analysis and mapping of Loch Lomond Stadial moraines at five key sites, Torridon, Rannoch Moor, Tyndrum and Strath Fillan, the upper Forth Valley and the east Loch Lomond basin has allowed the genetic interpretation and inferences of climatic significance to made. 'Hummocky moraine is found at three of these sties, Torridon, Rannoch Moor and Tyndrum, where they are interpreted as polygenetic in origin.

The spatial organisation and morphology of hummocky features investigated in Torridon allows the differentiation of cross-valley orientated marginal moraines and the more numerous streamlined features with a down-valley orientation interpreted as flutings. As the flutings are superimposed on the cross-valley moraines they are thought to post-date moraine formation. The spatial organisation of glacial landforms in Torridon therefore represents a palimpsest landscape.

Mapping of moraines in the Rannoch Moor basin suggests that this was a major centre of ice convergence rather than accumulation during the Loch Lomond Stadial. Ice mainly accumulated in the corries in the mountains to the west of moor from where it flowed to coalesce as an upland icefield. Ice is thought to have reached a sufficient volume in the Rannoch Moor basin to flow down valleys as outlet glaciers.

Hummocky features found at Tyndrum and Strath Fillan have a polygenetic origin and include the remnants of eskers, hummocks produced by local ice stagnation, marginal moraines, and lateral moraines which have been modified by paraglacial debris flow. Large terraces at this sites are interpreted as kame terraces with pitted and channelled surfaces. Local ice stagnation is thought to have occurred during a regional pattern of active deglaciation.


The acute form of hereditary premature senescence in 79 rabbits, among which the 20th generation of the condition was represented, has been described. The manifestations did not differ in kind from those previously described in connection with the chronic form (1) of the complex but their degree and, in particular, the severity and the rate of progression of systemic degeneration were much greater. The rabbits either did not survive to 2 years 6 months, of age or their physical condition had become critical by this time. A senile appearance, largely due to deteriorative changes of the coat, was frequently observed. The essential nature of the senescence condition was obviously a degeneration and one in which vital mechanisms essential to the maintenance of health were involved.


Abstract An apparent delay is occurred in GPS signal due to both refraction and diffraction caused by the atmosphere. The second region of the atmosphere is the ionosphere. The ionosphere is significantly related to GPS and the refraction it causes in GPS signal is considered one of the main source of errors which must be eliminated to determine accurate positions. GPS receiver networks have been used for monitoring the ionosphere for a long time. The ionospheric delay is the most predominant of all the error sources. This delay is a function of the total electron content (TEC). Because of the dispersive nature of the ionosphere, one can estimate the ionospheric delay using the dual frequency GPS. In the current research our primary goal is applying Precise Point Positioning (PPP) observation for accurate ionosphere error modeling, by estimating Ionosphere delay using carrier phase observations from dual frequency GPS receiver. The proposed algorithm was written using MATLAB and was named VIDE program. The proposed Algorithm depends on the geometry-free carrier-phase observations after detecting cycle slip to estimates the ionospheric delay using a spherical ionospheric shell model, in which the vertical delays are described by means of a zenith delay at the station position and latitudinal and longitudinal gradients. Geometry-free carrier-phase observations were applied to avoid unwanted effects of pseudorange measurements, such as code multipath. The ionospheric estimation in this algorithm is performed by means of sequential least-squares adjustment. Finally, an adaptable user interface MATLAB software are capable of estimating ionosphere delay, ambiguity term and ionosphere gradient accurately.


doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2016v14iss4/art6 The State of Bay–Delta Science 2008 highlighted seven emerging perspectives on science and management of the Delta. These perspectives had important effects on policy and legislation concerning management of the Delta ecosystem and water exports. From the collection of papers that make up the State of Bay–Delta Science 2016, we derive another seven perspectives that augment those published in 2008. The new perspectives address nutrient and contaminant concentrations in Delta waters, the failure of the Delta food web to support native species, the role of multiple stressors in driving species toward extinction, and the emerging importance of extreme events in driving change in the ecosystem and the water supply. The scientific advances that underpin these new perspectives were made possible by new measurement and analytic tools. We briefly discuss some of these, including miniaturized acoustic fish tags, sensors for monitoring of water quality, analytic techniques for disaggregating complex contaminant mixtures, remote sensing to assess levee vulnerability, and multidimensional hydrodynamic modeling. Despite these new tools and scientific insights, species conservation objectives for the Delta are not being met. We believe that this lack of progress stems in part from the fact that science and policy do not incorporate sufficiently long-term perspectives. Looking forward half a century was central to the Delta Visioning process, but science and policy have not embraced this conceptual breadth. We are also concerned that protection and enhancement of the unique cultural, recreational, natural resource, and agricultural values of the Delta as an evolving place, as required by the Delta Reform Act, has received no critical study and analysis. Adopting wider and longer science and policy perspectives immediately encourages recognition of the need for evaluation, analysis, and public discourse on novel conservation approaches. These longer and wider perspectives also encourage more attention to the opportunities provided by heavily invaded ecosystems. It is past time to turn scientific and policy attention to these issues.


At present, one of the main concerns of green network is to minimize the power consumption of network infrastructure. Surveys show that, the highest amount of power is consumed by the network devices during its runtime. However to control this power consumption it is important to know which factors has highest impact on this matter. This paper is focused on the measurement and modeling of the power consumption of an Ethernet switch during its runtime, considering various types of input parameters with all possible combinations. For the experiment, three input parameters are chosen. They are bandwidth, traffic and number of connections. The output to be measured is the power consumption of the Ethernet switch. Due to the uncertain power consuming pattern of the Ethernet switch a fully-comprehensive experimental evaluation would require an unfeasible and cumbersome experimental phase. Because of that, a design of experiment (DoE) method has been applied to obtain adequate information on the effects of each of the input parameters on the power consumption. The whole work consists of three parts. In the first part a test bed is planned with input parameters and the power consumption of the switch is measured. The second part is about generating a mathematical model with the help of design of experiment tools. This model can be used for measuring precise power consumption in different scenarios and also pinpoint the parameters with higher influence in power consumption. And in the last part, the mathematical model is evaluated by comparison with the experimental values.


Purpose - – Islamic banking is a viable sustainable banking model that has shown resilience to financial crises. The aim of this research is to design a consensus-based ethical and market-driven corporate governance index (CGI) to boost financial performance and ensure compliance with Islamic rulings. Design/methodology/approach - – The design of the CGI is the outcome of the feedback obtained from a cross-country survey to measure bank efforts in enhancing corporate governance (CG) throughout the ten-year period of 2001-2011. The CGI is divided into six core CG themes and 40 sub-themes. Findings - – First, the results of the multiple regression analysis show a consistent positive relationship between CG and financial performance metrics. Second, the authors detect misaligned compensation structures for directors. Third, poor governance leads to higher risk exposures. Research limitations/implications - – CG in Islamic banks is yet an evolving discipline and infant practice. This research aims to introduce a CGI that should be updated and improved as the discipline evolves. Practical implications - – The research concludes by proposing a CG paradigm. The outcome of the research could also be of use to both Islamic banks and to the rapidly growing sustainable banking sector in designing a similar CGI and CG model incorporating the ethical features of sustainable finance. Social implications - – The core ethos of Islam are: avoiding the exploitation of the needy, avoiding excessively risky transactions, avoiding unethical transactions and justice, equity and income redistribution. If properly applied, Islamic banking will display all features of sustainable finance as well as enhance social welfare. Originality/value - – To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first CGI that is based on an ethical and all-inclusive input of all stakeholders.


Continental back-arc and within-plate basaltic volcanic provinces provide a view into the evolution of the mantle beneath continents and the mass flux of materials that are subducted, but not extracted by arc volcanism. One of the largest continental mafic provinces is the Patagonian province where large mafic plateau volcanic events ranging in age from late Paleocene to Recent have occurred in the absence of major extension. The largest events produced the Eocene Posadas Formation (~ 46°S to 50°S), the late Oligocene to early Miocene Somuncura magmatic province (41°S to 43°S plus similar age magmas up to 46°S), the late Miocene to Pliocene lavas east of the Chile Triple Junction (~46°S to 49°S), and the Payunia magmatic province (36°S to 38.5°S). Tectonically, the Posadas and Triple Junction provinces have been respectively associated with Eocene and Miocene-Recent collisions of the Farallon-Aluk and the Nazca-Antarctic spreading ridges with the Chile trench, the Somuncura province with a mantle thermal anomaly linked to late Oligocene/early Miocene changes in plate convergence vectors, and the Payunia lavas with steepening of a formally shallow subduction zone. Between 45°S-50°S where Tertiary arc volcanism was largely absent, the plateau magmas show almost no trace element affinity with arc rocks as indicated by Ba/La ratios 20) and La/Ta ratios 25). The same is true for pre-29 Ma magmas in the Somuncura and pre-20 Ma magmas in the Payunia regions. Associated magmas erupted near the arc can have higher ratios. This situation contrasts with post-29 Ma Somuncura and post-20 Ma Payunia magmas north of 45°S in which Ba/La ratios over 30 and La/Ta ratios 20 occur to the west. These higher ratios fit with the introduction of arc components into the mantle magma sources as a result of interaction with a Paleogene subducting slab in the Somuncura region and dehydration of a shallowly subducting slab in the Payunia region. At the same time, Nd and Sr isotopic ratios of most of the plateau lavas plot in the OIB field (most Σ Nd = +5 to -1; 87 Sr/ 86 Sr = 0.7035 to 0.7048) with Posadas magmas being the most depleted, and Somuncura and some Triple Junction magmas being the most enriched. Across the plateau, these tectonic, chemical, and isotopic data are consistent with the large volume plateau magmas being due to tectonic perturbations that provoke melting in a hot mantle that has been on the verge of melting since the Mesozoic breakup of Gondwana.


The authors have studied the reorientational dynamics of isolated water molecules in a solution of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA). From linear spectra, the authors find that the water in this solution forms double hydrogen bond connections to the DMA molecules, resulting in the formation of DMA-water-DMA complexes. The authors use polarization-resolved mid-infrared pump-probe spectroscopy on the water in these complexes to measure the depolarization of three distinct transition dipole moments, each with a different directionality relative to the molecular frame (OH stretch in HDO, symmetric and asymmetric stretch normal modes in H(2)O). By combining these measurements, the authors find that the system exhibits bimodal rotational dynamics with two distinct time scales: a slow (7+/-1 ps) reorientation of the entire DMA-water complex and a fast (0.5+/-0.2 ps) "hinging" motion of the water molecule around the axis parallel to the connecting hydrogen bonds. Additionally, the authors observe an exchange of energy between the two normal modes of H(2)O at a time scale of 0.8+/-0.1 ps and find that the vibrational excitation decays through the symmetric stretch normal mode with a time constant of 0.8+/-0.2 ps.


"My child, why do you weep? What grief has come upon your phrenes (φρένες)? Speak—conceal not in noos (νόος) in order that we both may know," so speaks Achilles' mother Thetis as the fierce warrior weeps tears of wrath on the beaches of Troy (Il. 1.362-363). To be sure, noos likely translates as mind in English in the above passage. However, Homer's Iliad and Odyssey include a total of eight such words that may be rendered as mind, heart, or spirit: noos (νόος), thymos (θυμός), psykhe (ψυχή), phrenes (φρένες), prapides (πρᾰπῐ́δες), kardia (κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ), kradie (κρᾰδῐ́η), ker (κῆρ), and etor (ἦτορ). This complicated situation with Greek translations of mind is at the heart of this study's empirical investigation. To wit, what is mind in the Il. compared to the Od.? The present investigation sought to quantify and compare the use of mental language in the Homeric epics by means of computational linguistics. Prior scholarly investigations have been mostly qualitative; the few quantitative studies conducted utilized miniscule sample sizes of English translations. Two studies were conducted. 17 translators who translated both the Il. and Od. into English were selected (within-subjects design). The texts were sanitized and compiled for lexical frequency analyses in Voyant, a digital linguistic analysis tool. Study 1 compared how often mental language terms appeared in both works. Results showed that total word density of mental language increased significantly from the Il. to the Od. in both English translations as well as in the original Greek version. Study 2 compiled an English glossary of mental language terms and counted the frequencies for the 34 total works. A paired-samples t-test was conducted to compare the mean mental language densities of the Il. and Od. across 17 translators. There was a significant difference in the mean densities for the Il. (M = 68.2, SD = 8.9) and Od. (M = 91.9, SD = 11.6) conditions; t(16) = -17.798, N = 17, p < .001, d = -4.317. Further correlational tests as well as ANCOVA were conducted in order to determine if various factors could explain the large effect size. No significant results were observed or relevant. All hypotheses were supported. These data suggest that the Od. contains much more mental language than the Il. Implications and limitations are discussed.


This report summarizes the perspectives of panelists at the conference "Confronting Climate Change: Policies and Opporturtunities," held Oct. 22, 2015, at the Baker Institute. The Center for Energy Studies and the Consulate General of France in Houston hosted the event as part of FACTS (French Ameri-Can Climate TalkS), a series of public conferences in 12 cities across the United States and Canada involving academics, government officials, NGOs, political figures, journalists and entrepreneurs. The timing and subject matter were designed to contribute to civic dialogue as the world prepared for the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris in December 2015.


In the current study, we sought to determine the significance of the ghrelin system in Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS). PWS is characterized by hypotonia and difficulty feeding in neonates and hyperphagia and obesity beginning later in childhood. Other features include low GH, neonatal hypoglycemia, hypogonadism, and accelerated mortality. Although the hyperphagia and obesity in PWS have been attributed to elevated levels of the orexigenic hormone ghrelin, this link has never been firmly established, nor have ghrelin's potentially protective actions to increase GH secretion, blood glucose, and survival been investigated in a PWS context. In the current study, we show that placing Snord116del mice modeling PWS on ghrelin-deficient or ghrelin receptor [GH secretagogue receptor (GHSR)]-deficient backgrounds does not impact their characteristically reduced body weight, lower plasma IGF-1, delayed sexual maturation, or increased mortality in the period prior to weaning. However, blood glucose was further reduced in male Snord116del pups on a ghrelin-deficient background, and percentage body weight gain and percentage fat mass were further reduced in male Snord116del pups on a GHSR-deficient background. Strikingly, 2 weeks of daily administration of the GHSR agonist HM01 to Snord116del neonates markedly improved survival, resulting in a nearly complete rescue of the excess mortality owing to loss of the paternal Snord116 gene. These data support further exploration of the therapeutic potential of GHSR agonist administration in limiting PWS mortality, especially during the period characterized by failure to thrive.


This doctoral thesis investigatef and describes the design process of two physics teachers and myself in developing and trying out language based learning activities in a first year physics course in two classes in ml urban high school in Sweden. The design process, which goes on for almost three semesters, and these activities are seen as an intervention into the two physics teachers' teaching practice with the aim of contributing to learning and improved practice for them, and in turn, to improved learning of physics for their students. The research questions relate to the design process1 the teachers' teaching repertoire, and to the students' speaking and writing as part of the language based lenrning activities. The background of the thesis is an increased need to high light and to take into account linguistic factors in content area teaching for the reason of linguistic heterogeneity within the student body. Linguistic diversity refers to students having another first langungc tlmn Swedish, the langunge of instruction, and to students being more or less familiar with the specialized academic language used in formal education. The overall theoretical perspective is socio•culturnl, placing an emphasis on language as a mediating tool for meaning-making in situated practices. The empirical mnlerinl mainly consists of field notes and audio recordings from observations of the physics teaching and from the weekly planning meetings but also of sludent texts and audio recordings of students' small group conversations. The teacher group develops nnd tries a number of language centered learning activities1 and their objectives are stated in terms of language tasks to be performed with a specific content. Even though the design process is a collaborative effort, the two physics teachers show difthences in two areas: a) emphasizing speaking or writing aS the main mediating tool in the learning activities, b) creating activities where the students' knowledge construction is either more of a putting together and presenting the content or more of on unpacking and trying it out. This diftercncc might be seen as placing an emphasis on the process towards the goal versus placing it on the film! goal. The student conversations in small groups are oriented towards the content and the topic of the assignment, and they arc cooperative. They also tend to be a matter of accumulating knowledge more than exploring knowledge, which means that criHcal and explorntive features are less prominent The student texts can be seen either ns independent texts or satellite texts, the former intending to state knowledge conclusively while the latter intend to support conversf"ltions. The teacher group tend to plan language centered learning activities towards the end of a content area, and the activities are seen as most relevnnt at points where a move to a more abstract level of knowledge is required. The activities gain a formative function in the teaching process.


This research aims to observe the consequences of going concern opinion (GCO) and examine the role of specialist accounting firms for the financial reports of business firms and capital markets. The research is based on an experimental study consisting of 107 undergraduate and graduate students who were asked to act as financial analysts.The GCO consequence for the financial reports of business firms is that the stock price of the corresponding firms will decline, but the decline will be smaller if the financial reports are audited by specialist accounting firms. The GCO consequence for rival firms is that the stock prices of the rival firms will rise if other companies in the same industry receive GCO, but the increase will be smaller if the companies receiving GCO are audited by specialized accounting firms.The GCO consequences of the capital markets is that the stock prices of all companies, the composite index and the market participants will increase, but the presence of a specialized accounting firm has not been proven to strengthen the market participants' willingness to participate further in the stock market.


The article investigates the connections between personality and intelligence and somatic and mental (externalizing) health disturbances in a sample of 752 Russian adults, who participated in the study during the societal turmoil of the 1990s. Given the degree of societal instability during that period, and the heightened rates of health problems, crime, and alcohol abuse, we hypothesized that the predictive links between personality and intelligence would be mediated by the perceived impact of the societal change and moderated by demographic variables such as gender, education, marital status, and age. The pattern of results differs for various outcome variables, but, in general, the results confirm, although only partially, the presence of both mediation and moderation by other variables in considering the connections between personality, intelligence, and somatic and mental health outcomes.


Purpose: The innovativeness of enterprises is dependent on many variables, including decisions regarding innovation, possessed resources and competences, and the sector of their activity. Therefore, it should be considered in a strategic dimension, both at the level of the enterprise's strategic innovativeness and overall strategy. Strategic innovativeness, which is a long-term process that takes into account the interpenetration of various types of innovation together with strategic thinking, can be an effective tool for achieving high operating efficiency and maintaining a competitive advantage in the market. The analysis of literature on the subject, as well as observations, indicates that even within one industry, there are differences in this respect. A plethora of publications focusing on the problem of innovativeness in individual enterprises, sectors, industries, and regions were found. The authors aimed to divide industries classified by NACE (the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community) divisions into homogeneous groups in terms of the innovative undertakings of said enterprises in a given industry. Methodology: The empirical part presents the results of own research using the cluster analysis method, while all calculations were performed with the use of R software. Findings: It can be concluded that industries can be grouped into homogeneous clusters in terms of the share of innovative enterprises. The authors can also conclude that clusters listed on the basis of the share of innovative companies that introduced new or improved products and clusters listed on the basis of the share of innovative companies that introduced new or improved business processes are very similar. Implications for theory and practice: The combined value of the considerations presented in the paper is the possibility of obtaining supplementary information about the homogeneity of innovative activities of said enterprises in an individual NACE division. These results can be used for further in-depth analysis of individual groups. Originality and value: However, there is no study presenting the similarity between industries and their division into homogeneous groups in terms of the share of innovative enterprises. Such a gap became an inspiration for the research, which allowed for the verification of this scientific problem.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the socio-economic impacts of AIDS on families caring for AIDS-orphaned children in Mbeya rural district, Tanzania.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative inquiry employing one-on-one in-depth interviews was conducted in 2015. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants (n=24) comprising 20 heads of families caring for AIDS-orphaned children, two local government staff and two staff from Isangati Agricultural Development Organisation – a non-government organisation. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic and framework approach.

Findings

Results demonstrated that families caring for AIDS-orphaned children experienced severe socio-economic impacts of the epidemic. Reduction in household savings, increase in living expenses on health care and increased education fees were the identified economic impacts on these families. Social impacts included labour shortage, withdrawal of children from school and increased demand for food.

Social implications

There is a need for urgent responses and for scaling up programmes delivered by organisations, institutions and the government of Tanzania to help families cope with these impacts.

Originality/value

This study provides evidence on socio-economic impacts of AIDS on families caring for AIDS-orphaned children in Tanzania. An understanding of these impacts can help governmental and non-governmental institutions and programme planners to address the problem in their policies and develop evidence-based strategies and interventions in responding to the problem in Mbeya and Tanzania. Moreover, responses to reducing the impacts of AIDS on families require a holistic approach that encourages the involvement of all sectors and agents outside of the health sector.


Susan McReynolds. Redemption and the Merchant God: Dostoevsky's Economy of Salvation and Antisemitism. Studies in Russian Literature and Theory. Evanston: Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 2008. xiii, 241 pp. Index. $69.95, cloth.Redemption and the Merchant God is a bold and thorough examination of the antiSemitism in Dostoevsky's writings, looking at it as a function of his Christian faith - or rather as a function of his growing frustrations over his repeated failures in his novels to explain his Christian faith. The author argues that Dostoevsky's novels and his journalistic writings are linked; the late novels, in particular, explain the anti-Semitic outpourings in the Diary of a Writer. Professor McReynolds further claims that Dostoevsky's anti-Semitism must affect the way we read the novels.The key elements in Dostoevsky's Christianity are taken to be the Crucifixion and Resurrection of Christ, and the promise of the redemption of mankind. McReynolds is scarcely interested in other aspects, such as the childlike perception of the world we find in The Idiot, with the continual social scandal aroused by the childlike Prince Myshkin. Dostoevsky and his characters, in particular Raskolnikov, Ivan and Zosima, are unable, McReynolds argues, to account for redemption in terms other than those of a utilitarian calculation of sacrifices and benefits. Another problem is that a Christlike saviour, who sacrifices himself for others, may find that nobody wants his sacrifice; the would-be saviour may appear as an aggressor of sorts.Dostoevsky's frustration at his inability to articulate a justification for the Christian God in other than utilitarian terms leads him to displace onto the construct of a "Jew" the wish to reduce man's well-being and salvation to a calculus. At times, this is linked to a disowning and "othering" of traits he does not like in the Russian people or modern, westernizing Russian society, or indeed himself. This othering begins in his early letters and journalistic writings, and is intensified in the Diary of a Writer.The anti-Semitic quotes McReynolds gives make for ugly and painful reading. She does not gloss over Dostoevsky's language. "Zhid" is given as "Yid." For instance, in one of many examples, in quoting from the Diary of a Writer for March 1877, she relies on Kenneth Lantz's translation and says, "the idea of the Yids, which is creeping over the whole world in place of 'unsuccessful' Christianity" (see p. 1 88 of the Lantz translation).While the arguments McReynolds makes for the impact of Dostoevsky's literary writings on his journalism are convincing, it is less clear that we must read the novels in the light of his anti-Semitism. Indeed, there, the problem of an inadequately articulated faith is continually relegated to the margins, to the conclusion, to another novel, which is always to be written, which almost certainly could not be written. McReynolds does not view Dostoevsky's struggles to articulate his faith with much sympathy. …


The purpose of the present enquiry is to give an account of the sacrificial system revealed in these texts. The institution of sacrifice is only one of the many aspects of Semitic religion on which the texts shed much light. A cursory examination of the texts makes it clear that both in the mythological and ritual texts sacrifice occupies a prominent position. It is obviously a complex and highly developed institution with a large specialised vocabulary. Our purpose is to attempt a description of the institution of sacrifice as it is portrayed in the texts – its rites, its significance, and the relation in which it stands to the other Semitic systems of sacrifice, particularly that of the Israelites. Previously little was known positively about the sacrificial system of the Canaanites. It was deduced that it must have borne a general resemblance to that of the other Semitic peoples. How we have abundant first-hand evidence about the Canaanite sacrificial system. Much of the evidence is still obscure, but a great deal admits of no doubt, and its value for comparative Semitic religion can hardly be over-emphasised.


In recent years, the relevance of electromagnetic threats has increased steadily. In the meanwhile, electromagnetic attacks have been included as one of the novel dangers to critical infrastructures of European societies and beyond. Facing this challenge, the European Commission funded several projects addressing this issue. As one result, the FP7 project HIPOW aims at the development of a holistic regime for critical infrastructure protection against threats posed by electromagnetic radiation in Europe. An examination of policies at different institutional stages issuing the protection against IEMI threats serves as a starting point for evaluating the current protection framework. HIPOW will raise awareness about general vulnerabilities and shortfalls in the design of reallife European critical infrastructure. By making recommendations to policy makers and organisations operating critical infrastructures, HIPOW contributes to the harmonisation of emerging protection frameworks against IEMI threats across Europe. This implies the establishment of a network for operating and supervising protection and preparedness activities to face IEMI threats. Prospective findings will reflect how current protection concepts address identified threats posed by IEMI threats, how overarching strategies are shaping the protection framework and how these strategies may enhance resilience of societies. For that purpose, initiatives intending to increase security will be analysed with regard to their significance for the European security approach.


Fatigue of welded structures is commonly assessed in three ways. These are the nominal stress-, the structural hot spot- and the effective notch stress approach. As the applicability of the approaches differs, these differences have been discussed. The effective notch stress approach has been validated for a cruciform fillet welded and fully penetration welded joint, according to DNV (2012). The same fillet welded joint was further investigated for varying weld sizes. The results show, that for a weld size half the length of the validation model, fatigue life was estimated to be 140% longer than that of the nominal approach. Further investigations revealed that there is a nonlinear relation between effective notch stress and weld sizes, while comparison of the notch stress and nominal stress approaches indicate that a linear relation is to be expected. Two explanations have been discussed. Firstly, the size of the notch may be dependent on the weld size, caused by loading mode alternations of the notch. And secondly, the linear relation found may be caused by simplifications made for the nominal stress approach. Equations describing the relation between the two approaches have been proposed. Based on the established methodology for the cruciform joint, a second joint provided by Aker Solutions has been assessed for weld root fatigue. This joint is a knee plate located in a horizontal brace of a drilling vessel. The knee plate was analysed by means of a local finite element model subjected to a variable loading, which was defined from provided stress range exceedances diagrams for one boundary. For simplicity, the opposite boundary of the brace was fixed. All simplifications made, for both model and boundaries, have been discussed and concluded to be acceptable and conservative, based on comparison to weld toe fatigue. Weld root fatigue life was assessed by means of Miner summation, and compared to weld toe fatigue. Based on the proposed equations and the linear relation found between the nominal- and the notch stress S-N curves, a weld size providing a longer fatigue life at the weld root, rather than that at the toe, was proposed.


We present a general framework and an efficient algorithm for tracking relevant video structures. The structures to be tracked are implicitly defined by a Matching Pursuit pro cedure that extracts and ranks the most important image contours. Based on the ranking, the contours are automatica lly selected to initialize a Particle Filtering tracker. Th e proposed algorithm deals with salient video entities whose behavior has an intuitive meaning, related to the physics of the signal. Moreover, as the interactions between such st ructures are easily defined, the inference of higher level signal configurations can be made intuitive. The proposed al gorithm improves the performance of existing video structures trackers, while reducing the computational com plexity. The algorithm is demonstrated on audiovisual source localization.


Background: Nasal packs in the form of conventional framycetin ribbon guaze pack and nasal tampons have been used since a long time. Both are very effective in nasal packing for epistaxis and post nasal surgery packing.
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the outcome of nasal tampon packing and framycetin ribbon guaze packing method for post nasal surgery packing and epistaxis.
Materials and methods: A study of two methods of nasal packing done in 462 patients done from January 2008 to September 2011 for post nasal surgery cases and epistaxis were included in the study. Three parameters were analyzed namely pain (visual analogue scale VAS 10cm), control of hemorrhage and reduction in crusting and adhesions post-operatively.
Result: The average VAS scores with ribbon pack was 4.97 and tampon pack 4.63 and tampon packs caused significantly lesser pain. But Kennedy and Lund grading system scores of crusting and adhesions showed no significant difference.
Conclusion: Framycetin ribbon pack and nasal tampon pack are equally effective in managing bleeding post-operatively in nasal surgeries and epistaxis. No difference in crusting and adhesions were seen among the two packs but lesser pain with pack insitu and at removal were seen with tampon pack. Nasal tampon packs were more comfortable among patients.


Previous studies have suggested that weight gain is an identifiable risk of efforts to lower blood glucose with intensive insulin therapy in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects. This study examined this relationship in a population-based sample of type I diabetic subjects participating in the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. Four hundred five adults (aged >21 yr) with type I diabetes, who were diagnosed before age 30 yr, were studied from 1980 to 1982 and in a follow-up examination from 1984 to 1986. Weight gain over the 4-yr interval averaged 1.8 ± 5.9 kg. Weight gain was significantly associated (r = −0.26, P < 0.001) with improvements in glycosylated hemoglobin levels; the quartile of subjects with the greatest improvements in glycemic control gained 3.4 kg, whereas the quartile of subjects with the smallest improvements in glycemic control lost 0.6 kg. Weight gain was also correlated with increases in the number of shots of insulin per day and change in the treatment regimen from one type of insulin to a combination of short- and long-acting insulins. These results suggest that weight gain may be an adverse consequence of improved glycemic control. Efforts to better understand the mechanism explaining weight gain and to prevent weight gain are needed.


Evaluating the quality of employment and care policy in relation to gender equality is important given the continuing inequalities between men and women in paid and unpaid work. However, assessment raises dilemmas: quality according to what criteria; quality for whom; and quality of what? It is proposed here that good quality means transformation in gender relations towards an equal distribution of paid and unpaid work, equal pay and de-segregation; that sensitivity to differences between women is required, but not the adoption of different quality standards; and that working towards the goal of transformation demands consideration of several interconnected policy arenas. Assessing quality is difficult; but it is possible – and it is crucial to achieving gender equality.


To achieve more effective teaching and learning in undergraduate engineering education, professional development needs to promote change toward innovation of use of evidence-based instructional strategies (EBIS) in faculty beliefs and practice as well as change in organizational attitudes and norms. To develop an effective program, a strategy for change needs to be utilized and assessed at the individual level and the organizational level. Rogers Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) is an individual change model which consists of five steps of a progression towards any type of adoption of innovation change such as sports, business or teaching. The steps for adoption of change consist of awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption. Coburn's organizational innovation (COI) change model for organizations consists of four components necessary to support broader change in an educational organization, which include the following. Depth is deep change in faculty beliefs and practice. Sustainability of Innovation refers to flexibility of innovation in differing contexts or disciplines. Spread of Innovation refers to change in beliefs, norms, and principles of individuals across an organization. Shift of Ownership refers to shift in ownership from external facilitators to internal ownership by individuals and their organization. These change theories have been used to develop and assess a large scale NSF IUSE project at a large southwestern university called Just-in-Time-Teaching with Two Way Formative Feedback for Multiple Disciplines (JTFD). The first year of the project has trained 43 faculty in four disciplines using a train-the-trainer model with one semester of 8 biweekly workshops followed by a second semester of 6 disciplinary community of practice (CoP) discussion sessions. Assessment of elements of the two change theories was done with pre-post measurements of participants with surveys, questions and classroom observations. For the DOI model, Awareness of evidence-based instructional strategies (EBIS) increased an average of 31% for topics such as instructional design and active learning. For DOI Interest and Evaluation a survey was created using expectancy-value theory called Value, Expectancy, and Cost of Testing Educational Reforms Survey (VECTERS). For three EBIS strategies of real-world applications, student-tostudent discussions, and formative feedback there were 4% to 12% gains for motivation (expectancy, value, and lowered cost). For DOI Trial 91% of faculty agreed or strongly agreed that "the topics discussed provided me with new ideas for implementation and/or reaffirmed strategies I am currently implementing." For DOI Adoption, a classroom observation tool, RTOP, (Reformed Teaching Observational Protocol) showed a gain of 22% of classroom practice toward EBIS. For the COI model, Depth of Faculty Beliefs there was an average gain of 26% in faculty who said that they were sometimes or frequently using EBIS strategies of active learning, cooperative learning, objectives and Blooms's taxonomy. For Sustainability 96% of faculty agreed or strongly agreed that the JTFD project has been successful in creating CoPs which support innovation, implementation, and open dialogue between colleagues." For COI Spread of Innovation, 91% of faculty agreed or strongly agreed that "the topics discussed provided me with new ideas for implementation and/or reaffirmed strategies I am currently implementing." For Shift of Ownership 100% of faculty agreed or strongly agreed that "the tools, strategies, and interactions in the JTFD project would be of value to their future instructional practice and career success." Overall, assessment using the DOI and COI change models demonstrate faculty change and organizational change toward innovation through use of EBIS in teaching and learning.


This working paper is a study of a black woman from Angola named Mariana Pequena who was exported to Rio de Janeiro in the late seventeenth century. After obtaining her freedom in Brazil, she began a relationship with a white Portuguese New Christian. In 1711, she was accused of Judaism and condemned by the Inquisition of Lisbon for her religious beliefs. Her arrest was part of a crackdown on Rio's New Christian community in the early eighteenth century. Exploring a little known aspect of Africans' religious experience in the Portuguese colonial world, this paper seeks to answer why and how Mariana Pequena chose to convert to Judaism. In her confession, she revealed the full extent of her personal network, which included many fellow believers. Albeit a rare case, Mariana was not the only black African to become a Jew in the early modern world. In this paper, Mariana's case is contextualized in the wider Black Atlantic world. It shows that Africans in the Diaspora did not necessarily have to adhere to their ancestral religious traditions or to their masters' Christian religion but could make other choices based on their personal circumstances.


References to many other kiwifruit arthropod pests (and diseases) were found as part of a process of searching Chinese language literature to understand the impact of brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys; BMSB) and spotted lantern fly (Lycorma delicatula; SLF) on kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) and A. deliciosa in China. Information on other kiwifruit pests was collated from over 20 Chinese language publications found in searches of the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure platform using standard Chinese characters for BMSB, SLF and kiwifruit, and was ranked according to: (1) the number of publications they were mentioned in; and (2) the type of words used to describe their impact. In addition to BMSB and SLF, approximately 50 kiwifruit pests were identified from this process, including a number of species that were unknown to the New Zealand kiwifruit biosecurity community and which may pose a threat to kiwifruit production if they established in New Zealand. This work reinforces the need for searching Chinese databases with Chinese characters in combination with searches in international databases, to ensure comprehensive coverage for biosecurity risk assessment.