The effects of whirl frequency and lubricant viscosity on the experimental pressure field and film forces in an open ended squeeze film damper test rig are presented. The measurements refer to circular centered journal motion of amplitude equal to one half the damper clearance (e=0.5). The whirl frequency varied between 16Hz to 85Hz, while the lubricant temperature increased from 25°C to 45°C. The damper operated with levels of external pressurization which supressed lubricant cavitation. The experimental results show conclusivey that the radial film force is purely an inertial effect, i.e. it depends solely on the fluid density and the second power of the whirl frequency. The tangential film force shows a variation which depends on the viscous and inertial flow conditions in the squeeze film region. Correlation of experimental forces with conventional SFD models shows the radial force to be π times larger than the theoretical prediction, while the tangential force correlates well for low whirl frequencies and large lubricant viscosities.Copyright © 1991 by ASME


This study came up with a solution to the rising fuel prices by designing and building the Philippines' first diesel-hybrid car. A hybrid vehicle combines a conventional internal combustion engine propulsion system with an electric propulsion system. The output aims to achieve better fuel efficiency compared with conventional automotive vehicles. The study used a series hybrid power train where only the electric motor drives the drivetrain, while the internal combustion engine acts as generator to power the electric motor. With the diesel engine running at its most efficient state, fuel efficiency increased exponentially while maintaining the speed required of a typical vehicle. The study also designed and fabricated an aerodynamic body, reducing air drag and further improving fuel efficiency. The whole project lasted around six months. The researchers designed the automotive chassis and body during the first two months. The remaining time was used to construct the vehicle itself. When the automobile was tested in Sepang, Malaysia, the results showed that it can run up to 59.9 km/l. Compared to typical cars running an average of 10km/l, the diesel-hybrid car designed by the researchers registered almost six times more. The results of the study opened possibilities for consumers saving at least Php 4.00 per kilometer. These are big savings especially now that fuel prices are always increasing.


Statistical process monitoring and hierarchical Bayesian modeling are two ways to learn more about processes of interest. In this work, we consider two main components: risk-adjusted monitoring and Bayesian hierarchical models for spatial data. Usually, if prior information about a process is known, it is important to incorporate this into the monitoring scheme. For example, when monitoring 30-day mortality rates after surgery, the pre-operative risk of patients based on health characteristics is often an indicator of how likely the surgery is to succeed. In these cases, risk-adjusted monitoring techniques are used. In this work, the practical limitations of the traditional implementation of risk-adjusted monitoring methods are discussed and an improved implementation is proposed. A method to perform spatial risk-adjustment based on exact locations of concurrent observations to account for spatial dependence is also described. Furthermore, the development of objective priors for fully Bayesian hierarchical models for areal data is explored for Gaussian responses. Collectively, these statistical methods serve as analytic tools to better monitor and model spatial processes. Statistical Monitoring and Modeling for Spatial Processes


Health Economy? The intensity of arguments over social science issues often seems inversely correlated with the quantity of experimental evidence. Taubman et al. (p. 263, published online 2 January; see the Policy Forum by Fisman) report on the latest analysis of an ongoing controlled experiment—the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment—that seeks to identify and quantify the effects of extending health insurance coverage to a low-income adult population. A substantial increase was observed in visits to the emergency departments of hospitals, corresponding to approximately 120 U.S. dollars per year more in hospital costs. Expanding health coverage of low-income adults can result in increased usage of hospital emergency departments. In 2008, Oregon initiated a limited expansion of a Medicaid program for uninsured, low-income adults, drawing names from a waiting list by lottery. This lottery created a rare opportunity to study the effects of Medicaid coverage by using a randomized controlled design. By using the randomization provided by the lottery and emergency-department records from Portland-area hospitals, we studied the emergency department use of about 25,000 lottery participants over about 18 months after the lottery. We found that Medicaid coverage significantly increases overall emergency use by 0.41 visits per person, or 40% relative to an average of 1.02 visits per person in the control group. We found increases in emergency-department visits across a broad range of types of visits, conditions, and subgroups, including increases in visits for conditions that may be most readily treatable in primary care settings.


Highly dynamic ocean environments can experience dramatic changes over relatively short timeframes, affecting the spatial distribution of resources and therefore the presence or absence of highly mobile species. We use simulation studies to investigate how different temporal resolutions might affect the results of species distribution models for highly mobile species (e.g. cetaceans) in marine environments.


In the last four decades, desegregation has revolutionized almost every aspect of life in the United States: schools, businesses, government offices, even entertainment. But there is one area that remains largely untouched, and that is the church. Now comes a major new call for multiracial congregations in every possible setting-a call that is surprisingly controversial, even in the twenty-first century. In United By Faith, a multiracial team of sociologists and a minister of the Church of God argue that multiracial Christian congregations offer a key to opening the still-locked door between the races in the United States. They note, however, that a belief persists-even in African-American and Latino churches-that racial segregation is an acceptable, even useful practice. The authors examine this question from biblical, historical, and theological perspectives to make their case. They explore the long history of interracialism in the church, with specific examples of multiracial congregations in the United States. They cite examples ranging from the abolitionist movement to an astonishing 1897 camp meeting in Alabama that brought together hundreds of whites and blacks literally into the same tent. Here, too, is a critical account of the theological arguments in favor of racial separation, as voiced in the African-American, Latino, Asian-American, Native-American, and white contexts. The authors respond in detail, closing with a foundation for a theology suited to sustaining multiracial congregations over time. Faith can be the basis for healing, but too often Christian faith has been a field for injury and division. In this important new book, readers will glimpse a way forward, a path toward once again making the church the basis for racial reconciliation in our still-splintered nation.


Iron-chalcogenide single crystals with the nominal composition FeSe0.5Te0.5 and a transition temperature of Tc≃14.6 K were synthesized by the Bridgman method. The structural and anisotropic superconducting properties of those crystals were investigated by means of single crystal x-ray and neutron powder diffraction, superconducting quantum interference device and torque magnetometry, and muon-spin rotation (μSR). Room temperature neutron powder diffraction reveals that 95% of the crystal volume is of the same tetragonal structure as PbO. The structure refinement yields a stoichiometry of Fe1.045Se0.406Te0.594. Additionally, a minor hexagonal Fe7Se8 impurity phase was identified. The magnetic penetration depth λ at zero temperature obtained by means of μSR was found to be λab(0)=491(8) nm in the ab plane and λc(0)=1320(14) nm along the c axis. The zero-temperature value of the superfluid density ρs(0)∝λ−2(0) obeys the empirical Uemura relation observed for various unconventional superconductors, including cuprates and iron pnictides. The temperature dependences of both λab and λc are well described by a two-gap s+s-wave model with the zero-temperature gap values of ΔS(0)=0.51(3) meV and ΔL(0)=2.61(9) meV for the small and the large gap, respectively. The magnetic penetration depth anisotropy parameter γλ(T)=λc(T)/λab(T) increases with decreasing temperature, in agreement with γλ(T) observed in the iron-pnictide superconductors.

© 2010 The American Physical Society


The revelations by NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden have led to policy reform debates in several countries and to policy change in some, including a new legislative framework in the UK—the Investigatory Powers Act. In this article, we trace the forces and dynamics that have shaped this particular policy response. We investigate key controversies over the types and extent of surveillance; the capacity of different stakeholders to intervene into the debate and shape its outcomes; the attempts to achieve democratic legitimacy for data collection; and the consequences for digital citizenship. Drawing from a systematic analysis of relevant policy documents and interviews with key policy experts and stakeholders, we analyze conflicts over both the direction and details of surveillance policy, and uncover unequal degrees of influence over policy reform for different stakeholders. As a result, policy reform has led to a confirmation, rather than restriction, of data collection. Digital citizenship may be supported by the (limited) policy review in the UK and the development of a more transparent legislative framework, but is impeded by a growing range of surveillance capabilities.


This project concerned with filament wound cotton/epoxy and
pandanus/epoxy composite tubes. Monofilament winding machine has been
designed and fabricated. It is later used in fabricating the composite tubes. The
performance of this machine was measured. The results revealed that the winding
angle depended primarily on the carriage speed traversing at speed synchronised
with mandrel rotation. Also, the efficiency of the machine showed that winding at
high angles relative to rotational axis was very high (i.e. at 90° the efficiency is
100%). Winding at low angles (parallel to rotational axis) was difficult. The surface finish depended on the fibre tension, the wiping process and band formation 0. e.
smooth surface finish at 4.4 kN).
The behaviour of filament wound cotton/epoxy and pandanus/epoxy
composite tubes was studied experimentally. Circular cylindrical of cotton/epoxy
and pandanus/epoxy were loaded in uni-axial compression. The test results show
that cotton/epoxy hoop tubes the maximum strength was found to be 13kN and for
the 80° cotton/epoxy tubes was found to be 10.6kN. For the pandanus/epoxy hoop
tube the maximum strength was found to be 0.3kN. Flat specimens were also
prepared from wound tubes and loaded in uni-axial tension. The cotton/epoxy
composite tubes were tested under internal pressure. The results show that the
maximum pressure that the tube can be withstand was found to be 5 bar. Maximum
stress and maximum strain theories are used to predict the failure of these tubes.
Finite element method also used in the analysis of cotton/epoxy composite tubes.
The uni-axial tensile test results show that the mean modulus was found to be
3 867.6 MPa for the 80° laminated tensile test specimens and 1067.0 MPa for hoop
(90°) laminated tensile test specimens. The maximum strain mean in 80° and 90°
laminated tensile specimens are essentially the same (0.1). The urn-axial
compression test results show that in the condition of hoop (90°) laminated tubes
and 80° laminated tubes the load-displacement curve is linearly up to initial failure.


The last several years have seen a proliferation of static and runtime analysis tools for finding security violations that are caused by explicit information flow in programs. Much of this interest has been caused by the increase in the number of vulnerabilities such as cross-site scripting and SQL injection. In fact, these explicit information flow vulnerabilities commonly found in Web applications now outnumber vulnerabilities such as buffer overruns common in type-unsafe languages such as C and C++. Tools checking for these vulnerabilities require a specification to operate. In most cases the task of providing such a specification is delegated to the user. Moreover, the efficacy of these tools is only as good as the specification. Unfortunately, writing a comprehensive specification presents a major challenge: parts of the specification are easy to miss, leading to missed vulnerabilities; similarly, incorrect specifications may lead to false positives.
 This paper proposes Merlin, a new approach for automatically inferring explicit information flow specifications from program code. Such specifications greatly reduce manual labor, and enhance the quality of results, while using tools that check for security violations caused by explicit information flow. Beginning with a data propagation graph, which represents interprocedural flow of information in the program, Merlin aims to automatically infer an information flow specification. Merlin models information flow paths in the propagation graph using probabilistic constraints. A naive modeling requires an exponential number of constraints, one per path in the propagation graph. For scalability, we approximate these path constraints using constraints on chosen triples of nodes, resulting in a cubic number of constraints. We characterize this approximation as a probabilistic abstraction, using the theory of probabilistic refinement developed by McIver and Morgan. We solve the resulting system of probabilistic constraints using factor graphs, which are a well-known structure for performing probabilistic inference.
 We experimentally validate the Merlin approach by applying it to 10 large business-critical Web applications that have been analyzed with CAT.NET, a state-of-the-art static analysis tool for .NET. We find a total of 167 new confirmed specifications, which result in a total of 322 additional vulnerabilities across the 10 benchmarks. More accurate specifications also reduce the false positive rate: in our experiments, Merlin-inferred specifications result in 13 false positives being removed; this constitutes a 15% reduction in the CAT.NET false positive rate on these 10 programs. The final false positive rate for CAT.NET after applying Merlin in our experiments drops to under 1%.


The ability to detect and count certain substructures in graphs is important for solving many tasks on graph-structured data, especially in the contexts of computational chemistry and biology as well as social network analysis. Inspired by this, we propose to study the expressive power of graph neural networks (GNNs) via their ability to count attributed graph substructures, extending recent works that examine their power in graph isomorphism testing and function approximation. We distinguish between two types of substructure counting: induced-subgraph-count and subgraph-count, and establish both positive and negative answers for popular GNN architectures. Specifically, we prove that Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs), 2-Weisfeiler-Lehman (2-WL) and 2-Invariant Graph Networks (2-IGNs) cannot perform induced-subgraph-count of substructures consisting of 3 or more nodes, while they can perform subgraph-count of star-shaped substructures. As an intermediary step, we prove that 2-WL and 2-IGNs are equivalent in distinguishing non-isomorphic graphs, partly answering an open problem raised in Maron et al. (2019). We also prove positive results for k-WL and k-IGNs as well as negative results for k-WL with a finite number of iterations. We then conduct experiments that support the theoretical results for MPNNs and 2-IGNs. Moreover, motivated by substructure counting, we propose a local relational pooling approach with inspirations from Murphy et al. (2019) and demonstrate that it is not only effective for substructure counting but also able to achieve competitive performance on real-world tasks.


We present a method whereby a robot can learn to recognize places with high accuracy, in spite of perceptual aliasing (different places appear the same) and image variability (the same place appears differently). The first step in learning place recognition restricts attention to distinctive states identified by the map-learning algorithm, and eliminates image variability by unsupervised learning of clusters of similar sensory images. The clusters define views associated with distinctive states, often increasing perceptual aliasing. The second step eliminates perceptual aliasing by building a causal/topological map and using history information gathered during exploration to disambiguate distinctive states. The third step uses the labeled images for supervised learning of direct associations from sensory images to distinctive states. We evaluate the method using a physical mobile robot in two environments, showing high recognition rates in spite of large amounts of perceptual aliasing.


The diversity of climatic, geomorphologic, and soil conditions causes significant space differences in the conditions of river flood formation in Ukraine. The Carpathians region is the most dangerous as a area of catastrophic floods formation. The flood danger is pre-conditioned by the fact that floods spread on the territory with intensive economic activities and large density of population. So economical, ecological, and social damage of the floods is very significant. Taking into consideration the appropriate conditions for flood formation with catastrophic consequences, the necessity of creation of the effective system of river floods warning in Ukraine becomes urgent.


Terrestrial and oceanic carbon cycle processes remove∼55 % of global carbon emissions, with the remaining 45 %, known as the "airborne fraction", accumulating in the atmosphere. The long-term dynamics of the component fluxes contributing to the airborne fraction are challenging to interpret, but important for informing fossil-fuel emission targets and for monitoring the trends of biospheric carbon fluxes. Climate and land-cover forcing data for terrestrial ecosystem models are a largely unexplored source of uncertainty in terms of their contribution to understanding airborne fraction dynamics. Here we present results using a single dynamic global vegetation model forced by an ensemble experiment of climate (CRU, ERA-Interim, NCEP-DOE II), and diagnostic land-cover datasets (GLC2000, GlobCover, MODIS). For the averaging period 1996–2005, forcing uncertainties resulted in a large range of simulated global carbon fluxes, up to 13 % for net primary production (52.4 to 60.2 Pg C a−1) and 19 % for soil respiration (44.2 to 54.8 Pg C a−1). The sensitivity of contemporary global terrestrial carbon fluxes to climate strongly depends on forcing data (1.2–5.9 Pg C K−1 or 0.5 to 2.7 ppmv CO2 K−1), but weakening carbon sinks in sub-tropical regions and strengthening carbon sinks in northern latitudes are found to be robust. The climate and land-cover combination that best correlate to the inferred carbon sink, and with the lowest residuals, is from observational data (CRU) rather than reanalysis climate data and with land-cover categories that have more stringent criteria for forest cover (MODIS). Since 1998, an increasing positive trend in residual error from bottom-up accounting of global sinks and sources (from 0.03 (1989–2005) to 0.23 Pg C a−1 (1998–2005)) suggests that either modeled drought sensitivity of carbon fluxes is too high, or that carbon emissions from net land-cover change is too large. Correspondence to: B. Poulter (firstname.lastname@example.com)


In environmental affairs worldwide, the ideals of access to information, public participation and access to justice are increasingly on the agenda. Within a wider context, these ideals form part of the initiatives aimed at strengthening democracy. This article discusses these three issues with reference to the Aarhus Convention of which they form the main pillars. Attention is focussed on environmental experiences elsewhere, while South African legislation is discussed that enshrine the principles underlying the aforementioned democratic rights. The benefits that can be derived from enshrining these rights in South African environmental legislation are touched upon in conclusion.


The broad thematic focus of this Special Edition on contemporary phenomenological research in the field of psychotherapy more specifically encompasses eight recent studies that examine potentially impactful human experiences of special clinical relevance. Collectively, the diverse issues explored invariably touch the core of our humanness and are, therefore, both essential to explore and yet often difficult to face, especially in a psychotherapeutic setting. More specifically, the human experiences addressed in the studies reported on in this edition include loss and grieving, self-empowerment, body image dissatisfaction, substance abuse, trauma and victimization, interrole conflict, homelessness and other clinically significant complications of co-existing disorders, psychiatric institutionalization and selfacceptance, and sexual orientation formation.


One method for supporting more exploratory forms of search has been to include a compound of new interface features, such as facets, previews, collection points, synchronous communication, and note-taking spaces, within a single search interface. One side effect, however, is that some compounds can be confusing, rather than supportive during search. Faceted browsing, for example, conveys domain terminology and supports rich interaction, but can potentially present an abundance of information. In this paper we focus on the faceted example and conclude with our position that Cognitive Load Theory can be used to estimate and thus manage the potential complexities of adding new features to search interfaces.


Active labour market policies (ALMPs) may play an important role in preventing an increase in long-term unemployment following the Great Recession. We consider this issue for Denmark, a country relying extensively on this instrument. We present evidence on the effectiveness of ALMPs as a way of fighting youth unemployment using results from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) that intensified the use of ALMPs. The intervention was conducted after the onset of the financial crisis, and the findings are relatively unfavourable in the sense that further intensification of an already quite intensive effort for youth did not increase employment. In addition, the intensification of ALMPs seems to have in-creased transitions into sickness benefits.


The Physics laboratory is usually the main place where our students of engineering
approach to the physical daily reality, from the technological and the scientific point
of view, through experiments and motivating demonstrations.
Thinking of those students that can not follow an established schedule of attendance
to the classroom, an innovative educational material has been created, which is
based on digital filming of the experiments that nowadays are carried out in our real
Physics laboratory. The objective is to minimize the lack of acquisition of some
abilities associated with the real experimentation, by means of the use of virtual
experiments and by working others individual competences by a streaming video.
The filming is accompanied by some tutorials that introduce the experiment and
illustrate the associated theoretical concepts, together with some simulations.
Evaluation and self-evaluation tests are also available to monitor the student's
learning. Anyone can find all the material in the webpage:
http://www.epsem.upc.edu/~practiquesfisica/
After putting these materials into practice, we have carried out a survey in which the
students compare the real and the virtual experimentation systems and to ask their
opinion about the quality of the generated material for two different experiments.
The answers of the students encourage us to produce more material of this kind and
to improve the autonomous learning of our future students of engineering.


ABSTRACT : Fichte, as is well known, was a self-declared Kantian; but, at the same time, he paved the way for a renewed and truly original project. If Kant sought for the conditions of the possibility of objectivity, Fichte went even further, asking for the conditions of possibility of this very Kantian program. This is what we may call Fichte's 'metacritical' project. Whereas Kant thought of subjectivity as a mere object of our knowledge, and thereby, as divorced from the real, worldly subjects who carry out this inquiry itself, Fichte's metacriticism raised the demand for the unity of both pure and embodied thinking. If the subject is to be 'self'-thinking, it cannot be 'our' object only, but rather the 'subject-object' unity. Hegel's philosophy is to be thought of in this very metacritical framework. His absolute Idea, indeed, as the completion of his own System, is intended to be the 'self'-thinking Idea, and in this way to comprise within itself both the purely logical and the real, empirical subject.


The effect of fluoridated milk on plaque bacteria was investigated in fourteen complete denture wearers. These subjects were randomly split into two groups, seven in the treatment only group and seven in the treatment + dentifrice rinse group.

There were five treatment regimes, each of six-week duration. The subject either consumed milk once or three times a day; milk with fluoride once or three times a day; or no beverage consumption as a control. The purpose of the additional dentifrice rinse was to mimic the effects of brushing twice daily with a fluoridated toothpaste. Six enamel slabs were embedded at strategic locations on the upper denture to investigate the influence of salivary flow rate on aciduric bacteria within dental plaque. Plaque samples were obtained from each enamel slab at Weeks 1 and 6 of the experimental treatments, and subjected to microbiological analysis. Enumeration of the bacteria was carried out to obtain the total counts of plaque bacteria, the counts of S. mutans on selective MSB agar and counts of Lactobacillus spp. on selective Rogosa agar.l Statistical analysis revealed a main effect of treatment within the treatment only group for the lactobacillus counts. No beverage consumption and milk with fluoride consumed three times a day produced the lowest counts. Proportions of lactobacilli within the overall plaque bacteria were compared at the two buccal sites and one lingual site. The proportions at the buccal sites with a good salivary flow rate were lower than those that were experienced at the lingual site where there is a poor salivary flow.

To investigate strain variation among clinical S. mutans isolates identified from unrelated individuals, ribotyping was employed.

Analysis revealed that carriage of S. mutans genotypes was stable within an individual but that strain variability was diverse when analysed across all individuals. Longitudinal investigation revealed the possibility that S. mutans genotypes could be lost and then reappear at the same tooth site.


In the early twenty-first century, designers and researchers have developed new methods, concepts, and frameworks that have enabled us to view the role of design as an active agent in driving both local and global cultural change. These insights and observations look beyond the activity of a particular practitioner or cultural group to see how shifts in the relationships between cultures, nations, and states have rapidly increased their porosity to external influences. This has occurred largely as a result of the capacity of digital communication technologies to transcend, transform, hybridize, and facilitate new forms of cultural exchange that question our relationship to context. As a result, we have begun to assemble a picture of the international shifts that have been driven by cultural transfer on the transnational plane and, by association, the trickiness of reconciling the partnership between nations and states in the twenty-first century. In a practical sense, this has led to the recognition that a nationally defined cultural group is very unlikely to reside in one location presided over by a single state. Fractured and misaligned borders, along with economic, climatic, and conflict-driven pressures have forced large groups of people into new locations around the world. Increasingly, the traditional mechanism of cultural nourishment linked to an ancestral homeland with its material affordances and affirmations of place and meaning have become stressed as digital reminders replace them. Immersive digital technologies (for example augmented reality, immersive web based gaming environment and second life) are increasing our capacity to live out more complex relationships to culture; in our multi-context, chameleon-like lives, physical cultural reminders struggle to maintain their traditional supremacy. These "imagined communities"—as described by Benedict Anderson—are becoming increasingly fragmented and are held together by more tenuous physical connections bolstered by digital mediums through which distortion, misalignment, selective representation, and technical limitations are introducing new agents of change affecting how cultural groups maintain and evolve their identity.


The Book of Illusions, written with breath-taking urgency and precision, plunges the reader into a universe in which the comic and the tragic, the real and the imagined, and the violent and the tender dissolve into one another. One man's obsession with the mysterious life of a silent film star takes him on a journey into a shadow-world of lies, illusions, and unexpected love. After losing his wife and young sons in a plane crash, Vermont professor David Zimmer spends his waking hours mired in grief. Then, watching television one night, he stumbles upon a lost film by silent comedian Hector Mann, and remembers how to laugh ...Mann was a comic genius, in trademark white suit and fluttering black moustache. But one morning in 1929 he walked out of his house and was never heard from again. Zimmer's obsession with Mann drives him to publish a study of his work; whereupon he receives a letter postmarked New Mexico, supposedly written by Mann's wife, and inviting him to visit the great Mann himself. Can Hector Mann be alive? Zimmer cannot decide - until a strange woman appears on his doorstep and makes the decision for him, changing his life forever. "A nearly flawless work ...Auster will be remembered as one of the great writers of our time. " (San Francisco Chronicle). "Auster's elegant, finely calibrated The Book of Illusions is a haunting feat of intellectual gamesmanship." (The New York Times).


No matter in which area they are applied, information technologies are used to increase the productivity of companies that use different computer systems from different suppliers. Most of time, data are stored in proprietary format. This fact creates difficulties for the integration and interoperation between the computer systems, forcing companies to invest money to simply mitigate this problem. Specifically in the field of Oil & Gas, the ISO 15926 standard (Industrial automation systems and integration – Integration of life-cycle data for process plants including oil and gas production facilities) proposes a standard for integration, sharing, exchange and delivery of data between computer systems based on the standardization of data formats and on an ontology approach to represent common industry classes and relations. Due to the structure and the large number of terms defined at the ISO 15926 standard, the complexity to model objects using that library is high. This work presents a methodology to model geometric objects following structure of the standard, harmonizing Parts 2, 3, 4 and 7 of ISO15926. The writers take into account the need for complete abstraction between geometry and business data, as well as the requirement for a federated architecture for managing process plant project item symbology.


Abstract. High-amplitude water waves induced by high-speed vessels are regularly observed in Tallinn Bay, the Baltic Sea, causing intense beach erosion and disturbing marine habitants in the coastal zone. Such a strong impact on the coast may be a result of a certain group structure of the wave wake. In order to understand it, here we present an experimental study of the group structure of these wakes at Pikakari beach, Tallinn Bay. The most energetic vessel waves at this location (100 m from the coast at the water depth 2.7 m) have amplitudes of about 1 m and periods of 8–10 s and cause maximum run-up heights on a beach up to 1.4 m. These waves represent frequency modulated packets where the largest and longest waves propagate ahead of other smaller amplitude and period waves. Sometimes the groups of different heights and periods can be separated even within one wave wake event. The wave heights within a wake are well described by the Weibull distribution, which has different parameters for wakes from different vessels. Wave run-up heights can also be described by Weibull distribution and its parameters can be connected to the parameters of the distribution of wave heights 100 m from the coast. Finally, the run-up of individual waves within a packet is studied. It is shown that the specific structure of frequency modulated wave packets, induced by high-speed vessels, leads to a sequence of high wave run-ups at the coast, even when the original wave heights are rather moderate. This feature can be a key to understanding the significant impact on coasts caused by fast vessels.


In this paper I argue that Blackfoot (Algonquian) relative clauses are not nominalizations. I show that relative clauses are not agent nominalizations based on their morphology and the availability of non-agentive relative clauses. I show that relative clauses are not nominalized clauses based on the impossibility of possession and adjectival modification. After situating Blackfoot relative clauses in the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy (Keenan & Comrie 1977), I present a preliminary proposal that Blackfoot relative clauses are full CPs. I hypothesize that these constructions have a nominal super-structure that always contains a (possibly null) N projection, because they are always countable.


Improving Retention Strategies for Experienced Nurses by Kimberly M. Hollis MS, Columbus State University, 2016 BS, Columbus State University, 2010 Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Nursing Practice Walden University February 2019 Abstract Experienced nurses depart the workforce in significant numbers; therefore, it is critical to understand how those departures affect patient care and safety. The focus of this systematic review included appraisal of recent research to provide an understanding of strategies used in acute care settings to retain experienced nurses. Guided by Benner's model of skill acquisition, the purpose of this systematic review was to identify factors that influence the decision of nurses with experience to leave or remain working in acute care work settings. The 19 articles selected for this review were limited to those pertaining to experienced registered nurses who have worked in the acute care setting for 2 years and longer. The review excluded articles pertaining to registered nurses with fewer than 2 years of experience, who were considered at the novice or proficient level of nursing. The results of this literature review showed that management conflicts, lack of support, work environments, work schedules, and disproportionate staffing levels were among the factors leading to morale distress and burnout in experienced nurses. These findings have the potential to contribute to positive social change by guiding administrative efforts to retain experienced nurses and improve mentoring of newerExperienced nurses depart the workforce in significant numbers; therefore, it is critical to understand how those departures affect patient care and safety. The focus of this systematic review included appraisal of recent research to provide an understanding of strategies used in acute care settings to retain experienced nurses. Guided by Benner's model of skill acquisition, the purpose of this systematic review was to identify factors that influence the decision of nurses with experience to leave or remain working in acute care work settings. The 19 articles selected for this review were limited to those pertaining to experienced registered nurses who have worked in the acute care setting for 2 years and longer. The review excluded articles pertaining to registered nurses with fewer than 2 years of experience, who were considered at the novice or proficient level of nursing. The results of this literature review showed that management conflicts, lack of support, work environments, work schedules, and disproportionate staffing levels were among the factors leading to morale distress and burnout in experienced nurses. These findings have the potential to contribute to positive social change by guiding administrative efforts to retain experienced nurses and improve mentoring of newer nurses and, ultimately, improve patient outcomes. Improving Retention Strategies for Experienced Nurses by Kimberly M. Hollis MS, Columbus State University, 2016 BS, Columbus State University, 2010 Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Nursing Practice


The commercial centre VIALIA and the new railway station of the AVE (high speed train) in Malaga was inaugurated in November 2006, just on the place of the former railway station. The new railway station with an investment of 134,7 million Euros occupies a surface of 51.377 m2, five times the surface of the former station. The enclosure is the biggest intermodal and commercial centre of Spain which comprises a parking of 21.000 m2 for 1300 parking places, one commercial area and a hotel with a total extension constructed of approximately 100.000 m2. The spaces of leisure contain cinemas, shops, restaurants, bowling, gymnasium, swimming pool and zones of passenger's traffic.


Recently, most countries seek for developing alternative sources of energy due to rising prices of the energy and its availability. It has been successfully accomplished using the renewable energies such as wind, hydro, geothermal, and solar power. These energies are clean, free, and inexhaustible. Recent world energy plans have been proposed for solar power to end the world dependence on oil by 2050. The photovoltaic (PV) system is used either as a stand-alone system; such as street lighting, electric vehicles, space applications, etc. or grid connected in power plants. This thesis shows the output power from the PV arrays depending on the solar irradiance, the temperature and the connected load. It is desired to track the maximum power from the PV arrays to increase its efficiency. The different MPPT techniques are also proposed in this thesis to continuously track the maximum power from the PV array. The differences between these MPPT algorithms are; the ease of implementation, the cost, the required sensors, the effectiveness and the speed response to track the maximum power. This thesis provides a practical and simulation comparison between different MPPT algorithms. A dc-dc converter is used to maintain the connected load operating at the maximum power extracted from the PV array, without affecting to the connected load change and under operating atmospheric conditions. This power converter is connected between the PV array and the connected load. This thesis also contains a conclusion for most common used MPPT techniques and the future work that may be done in the future. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgments I Abstract II Table of


Mechanical testing of materials at the microscales is challenging. It requires delicate procedures not only for producing and handling the specimen to be tested, but also for applying an accurate and controlled force. This endeavor is even more challenging when it comes to investigating the behavior of brittle materials such as glass. Here, we present a microtensile tester for investigating silica glass polymorphs. The instrument is entirely made of silica and for which the same femtosecond laser is not only used for fabricating the device, but also for operating it (loading the specimen) as well as for performing in situ measurements. As a proof-of-concept, we present a stress-strain curve of fused silica for unprecedented high tensile stress of 2.4 GPa, as well as preliminary results of the elastic modulus of femtosecond laser-affected zones of fused silica, providing new insights on their microstructures and mechanical behavior.


There is a growing need for small size integrable phased antenna arrays for emerging satellite communications on-the-move applications. Traditional ferrite-based phase shifters are generally bulky due to the need of electromagnets for biasing, yielding them unsuitable for this kind of application. In this paper, a novel compact light-weight substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based phase shifter realized in a multi-layer ferrite low-temperature co-fired ceramic package with embedded bias windings is reported. By using embedded windings and operating the material in a partially magnetized state, the required bias magnetic field could be significantly reduced from typically about 1000 Oe to less than 50 Oe. Moreover, the presented phase shifter has two modes of operations corresponding to two different biasing scenarios of the SIW, namely, symmetric and anti-symmetric bias. Under anti-symmetric bias, the phase shifter can achieve high nonreciprocal phase shift, whereas under symmetric bias, the phase shift is reciprocal, but the available phase shift is less than the anti-symmetric case. The fabricated prototype operates in the 11.5-13.5-GHz range and has a peak figure of merit (phase shift per decibel of loss) of 102°/dB and a maximum phase shift per unit length of 153° /cm, which are more than five times the previously reported figures for this technology. Due to the use of embedded windings, the presented phase shifter offers a huge size reduction from the order of cm3 to mm3, making it particularly useful for mobile phased-array applications.


This paper examines violence and underlying contexts and social processes that occurred among drug users/ dealers before, during and after major disasters: Hurricanes Gustav and Ike. A Stages paradigm is used to study violence during this time. Daily lives, conduct norms and behavior patterns associated with violence are illustrated. At each stage of the hurricanes, people drew heavily upon what they previously learned about behaving in stressful situations. Study Background: Data for this paper comes from a National Institutes of Health research titled "Stages of Drug Market Disruption and Reformulation in Disaster Cities." Hurricanes Gustav and Ike in September 2008 provided an opportunity to document the impacts of multiple instances of violence stemming from the illicit drug market in Houston, New Orleans, and Galveston.
Methods: From 2006-2013 a large scale ethnographic study was conducted in three major cities: New Orleans, Louisiana, Houston and Galveston, Texas. Staff completed in-depth interviews with 132 focal respondents of drug users and sellers. There were 57 focus groups with 243 focus group participants; 350 drug using/selling respondents completed a survey protocol (CAPI), organized around their experiences during the hurricanes. These provided extensive, information for analysis which was performed using Filemaker Pro.
Results: Accounts given by respondents before, during, and after the hurricanes gave a picture of types of violence that took place with people frantically displaying and modeling behaviors that they had acquired through their interaction patterns over time. Chaos and pandemonium, last minute decisions to leave while the water was rising and attempts to purchase or sell drugs all took place together. This presented people with a frenzied and disordered situation. Violence was prominent in drug use and sales due mainly to pressures to leave and deciding where to go or where to stay.


Hybrid vesicles resulting from the combined self-assembly of both amphiphilic copolymers and lipids have attracted particular interest from chemists and (bio)physicists over the last five years. Such assemblies may be viewed as an advanced vesicular structure compared to their liposome and polymersome forerunners as the best characteristics from the two different systems can be integrated in a new, single vesicle. To afford such a design, the different parameters controlling both self-assembly and membrane structure must be tuned. This highlight aims to present a comprehensive overview of the fundamental aspects related to these structures, and discuss emerging developments and future applications in this field of research.


An elegant machine-learning-based algorithm was applied to study the thermo-electrochemical properties of ternary nanocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). High-dimensional neural network potentials (NNPs) for the interactions among the components were parameterized from big dataset established by first-principles density functional theory calculations. The NNPs were then incorporated with Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to identify not only active, but also electrochemically stable nanocatalysts for ORR in acidic solution. The effects of surface strain caused by selective segregation of certain components on the catalytic performance were accurately characterized. The computationally efficient and precise approach proposes a promising ORR candidate: 2.6 nm icosahedron comprising 60% of Pt and 40% Ni/Cu. Our methodology can be applied for high-throughput screening and designing of key functional nanomaterials to drastically enhance the performance of various electrochemical systems.


The detection of Earth-like planets, exocomets or Kuiper belts show that the different components found in the solar system should also be present in other planetary systems. Trojans are one of these components and can be considered fossils of the first stages in the life of planetary systems. Their detection in extrasolar systems would open a new scientific window to investigate formation and migration processes. In this context, the main goal of the TROY project is to detect exotrojans for the first time and to measure their occurrence rate (eta-Trojan). In this first paper, we describe the goals and methodology of the project. Additionally, we used archival radial velocity data of 46 planetary systems to place upper limits on the mass of possible trojans and investigate the presence of co-orbital planets down to several tens of Earth masses. We used archival radial velocity data of 46 close-in (P<5 days) transiting planets (without detected companions) with information from high-precision radial velocity instruments. We took advantage of the time of mid-transit and secondary eclipses (when available) to constrain the possible presence of additional objects co-orbiting the star along with the planet. This, together with a good phase coverage, breaks the degeneracy between a trojan planet signature and signals coming from additional planets or underestimated eccentricity. We identify nine systems for which the archival data provide 1-sigma evidence for a mass imbalance between L4 and L5. Two of these systems provide 2-sigma detection, but no significant detection is found among our sample. We also report upper limits to the masses at L4/L5 in all studied systems and discuss the results in the context of previous findings.


ABSTRACT Concomitant with globalization, neoliberal tax reforms have spread across the globe since the early 1980s. In many countries, statutory rates, the number of tax brackets, and the incidence of tax allowances have been reduced for income taxes; in the developing world, international liberalization has also been associated with reduced revenues from trade taxes and increased pressures for expansion of the value added tax and income tax revenue intake. Yet, competition for mobile assets and new opportunities for tax avoidance potentially constrains taxation of corporate and personal income. Thus, contemporary conditions create especially severe challenges for the pursuit of greater income equality and enhanced public goods provision in developing nations. The present paper situates this special issue's contributions within the theoretical and empirical literatures that seek to explain contemporary changes in taxation. I argue that we know quite a lot about the tax effects of globalization, domestic politics, and their interaction in rich democracies; we know much less about how international forces and domestic factors influence tax reforms in the developing world. In this context, I highlight how each paper in this volume contributes to our understanding of the impacts of globalization and domestic politics on tax policy choices and, in turn, the challenges and opportunities for revenue mobilization in developing nations.


We use mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy from the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph to study the nature of star-formation and supermassive black hole accretion for a sample of 65 IR-luminous galaxies at 0.02 < z < 0.6 with F(24 μm) > 1.2 mJy. The MIR spectra cover wavelengths 5–38 μm, spanning the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features and important atomic diagnostic lines. Our sample of galaxies corresponds to a range of total IR luminosity, LIR = L(8–1000 μm) = 1010–1012 L☉ (median LIR of 3.0 × 1011 L☉). We divide our sample into a subsample of galaxies with Spitzer Infrared Array Camera 3.6–8.0 μm colors indicative of warm dust heated by an active galactic nucleus (AGN; IRAGN) and those galaxies whose colors indicate star-formation processes (non-IRAGN). Compared to the non-IRAGN, the IRAGN show smaller PAH emission equivalent widths, which we attribute to an increase in mid-IR continuum from the AGN. We find that in both the IRAGN and star-forming samples, the luminosity in the PAH features correlates strongly with [Ne ii] λ12.8 μm emission line, from which we conclude that the PAH luminosity directly traces the instantaneous star-formation rate (SFR) in both the IRAGN and star-forming galaxies. We compare the ratio of PAH luminosity to the total IR luminosity, and we show that for most IRAGN star-formation accounts for 10%–50% of the total IR luminosity. We also find no measurable difference between the PAH luminosity ratios of L11.3/L7.7 and L6.2/L7.7 for the IRAGN and non-IRAGN, suggesting that AGN do not significantly excite or destroy PAH molecules on galaxy-wide scales. Interestingly, a small subset of galaxies (8 of 65 galaxies) show a strong excess of [O iv] λ25.9 μm emission compared to their PAH emission, which indicates the presence of heavily-obscured AGN, including 3 galaxies that are not otherwise selected as IRAGN. The low PAH emission and low [Ne ii] emission of the IRAGN and [O iv]-excess objects imply the IR luminosity of these objects is dominated by processes associated with the AGN. Because these galaxies lie in the "green valley" of the optical color–magnitude relation and have low implied SFRs, we argue their hosts have declining SFRs and these objects will transition to the red sequence unless some process restarts their star-formation.


There is an emerging trend to train a network with stochastic architectures to enable various architectures to be plugged and played during inference. However, the existing investigation is highly entangled with neural architecture search (NAS), limiting its widespread use across scenarios. In this work, we decouple the training of a network with stochastic architectures (NSA) from NAS and provide a first systematical investigation on it as a stand-alone problem. We first uncover the characteristics of NSA in various aspects ranging from training stability, convergence, predictive behaviour, to generalization capacity to unseen architectures. We identify various issues of the vanilla NSA, such as training/test disparity and function mode collapse, and further propose the solutions to these issues with theoretical and empirical insights. We believe that these results could also serve as good heuristics for NAS. Given these understandings, we further apply the NSA with our improvements into diverse scenarios to fully exploit its promise of inference-time architecture stochasticity, including model ensemble, uncertainty estimation and semi-supervised learning. Remarkable performance (e.g., 2.75% error rate and 0.0032 expected calibration error on CIFAR-10) validate the effectiveness of such a model, providing new perspectives of exploring the potential of the network with stochastic architectures, beyond NAS.


Ensheathment of axons by glial membranes is a key feature of complex nervous systems ensuring the separation of single axons or axonal fascicles. Nevertheless, the molecules that mediate the recognition and specific adhesion of glial and axonal membranes are largely unknown. We use the Drosophila midline of the embryonic central nervous system as a model to investigate these neuron glia interactions. During development, the midline glial cells acquire close contact to commissural axons and eventually extend processes into the commissures to wrap individual axon fascicles. Here, we show that this wrapping of axons depends on the interaction of the neuronal transmembrane protein Neurexin IV with the glial Ig-domain protein Wrapper. Although Neurexin IV has been previously described to be an essential component of epithelial septate junctions (SJ), we show that its function in mediating glial wrapping at the CNS midline is independent of SJ formation. Moreover, differential splicing generates two different Neurexin IV isoforms. One mRNA is enriched in septate junction-forming tissues, whereas the other mRNA is expressed by neurons and recruited to the midline by Wrapper. Although both Neurexin IV isoforms are able to bind Wrapper, the neuronal isoform has a higher affinity for Wrapper. We conclude that Neurexin IV can mediate different adhesive cell-cell contacts depending on the isoforms expressed and the context of its interaction partners.


Kurt Godel's ontological argument for God's existence has been formalized and automated on a computer with higher-order automated theorem provers. From Godel's premises, the computer proved: necessarily, there exists God. On the other hand, the theorem provers have also confirmed prominent criticism on Godel's ontological argument, and they found some new results about it.

The background theory of the work presented here offers a novel perspective towards a computational theoretical philosophy.


This Energy Dossier is part of a series of publications produced by the Energy Division of the Infrastructure and Energy Department of the Inter-American Development Bank. It is designed to increase the knowledge base about the composition and organization of the energy sector of Latin American and Caribbean countries. Each dossier describes the energy matrix of the country under analysis and then dives deeply into the institutional organization and regulatory framework of the energy sector in that country.


The Speech Graffiti interface is designed to be a portable, transparent interface for spoken language interaction with simple machines and information servers. Because it is a subset language, users must learn and adhere to the constraints of the language. We conducted a user study to determine habitability and found that more than 80% of utterances were Speech Graffiti-grammatical, suggesting that the language is acceptably learnable and usable for most users. We also analyzed deviations from grammaticality and found that natural language input accounted for the most deviations from Speech Graffiti. The results will suggest changes to the interface and can also inform design choices in other speech interfaces.


World Air Traffic Forecast, 1970-1990. Market Development Division, Lockheed-California Company, Burbank, California 91520. September 1981. 28p plus appendices. This report is the latest in a series of world air traffic forecasts issued by the Lockheed-California Company over the past decade. The forecasts in this series represent long-term trends. No attempt is made to forecast the cyclical behavior of air traffic; therefore, the forecast for any particular year may be somewhat higher or lower than shown. In this current update traffic data in terms of major traffic flows is presented. Lockheed has compiled a history of the world's air traffic flows through 1980 as a forecast base, using traditional international and regional data sources (airports, civil aviation authorities, immigration agencies, as well as airline statistics). State-of-the-Art Methods for Research, Planning, and Determining the Benefits of Outdoor Recreation. Gary H. Elsner. Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, P.O. Box 245, Berkeley, California 94701. 1977. 62p. $8. The challenge of planning for outdoor recreation is shared by many countries throughout the world. This publication offers a selection of state-of-the-art papers by authors from several countries which are actively dealing with the challenge. Topics covered are: improving studies on demand for outdoor recreation; forecasting changes in number of visitors after a change in recreational quality at an area; comparing the use of site surveys with home interviews for recreation planning; measuring the relative value of selected outdoor recreation activity areas; modeling changes in use or area conditions to determine effects on use patterns and encounters between visitor groups; surveying wildlife-related recreation to determine impact on a local economy; applying mathematical programming in the context of planning for multiple goals; and investigating the degree of reforestation preferred for different broad categories of land uses in recreational areas. Order from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.


Bone marrow-derived cells which may be involved in cardiac repair/regeneration after ischaemic injury must undergo mobilisation into peripheral blood with subsequent homing and engraftment into the target organ. Mobilisation of the heterogeneous population of stem/progenitor cells in endothelial injury or myocardial ischaemia has been described recently. The number of circulating stem/progenitor cells reflects the endothelial damage, and turnover may be a surrogate marker reflecting the burden of cardiovascular risk factors and prognostic markers in stable coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndromes. Acute coronary syndromes are associated with increased levels of inflammatory and haematopoietic cytokines which, in turn, can mobilise progenitor cells from the bone marrow. Myocardial infarction increases the number of endothelial progenitor cells and other less well-defined subpopulations, such as CD34/c-kit+ and CD34/CXCR4+ cells, which may take part in cardiac repair after ischaemic injury. Data on mobilisation of stem/progenitor cells in acute coronary syndromes are summarised here. Cell types, mechanisms of mobilisation, homing and engraftment are discussed and their relevance to clinical outcomes.


This thesis is a report of an investigation into young children's learning of multiplication and division, more specifically their development of multiplicative thinking. An impetus for this study was a concern that many children have difficulty moving beyond the use of models to solve multiplicative problems and the implications for further learning when they are reliant on these and on additive thinking. It was a mixed method research study that fitted appropriately with a social constructivist perspective on learning. A design research (Hjalmarson & Lesh, 2008) methodology was utilised within a primary school classroom, the purpose of which was two-fold. First, to enable the researcher to observe and interact with students in order to gain insights into their thinking; and second to consider the learning experiences and instructional approaches that best support students' transition from additive to multiplicative thinking. The study involved 26 Year 3 students (8 and 9 year olds) from two primary schools in suburban Melbourne, who were interviewed on four occasions using task-based clinical interviews, over an eight-month period. Within this time frame, 13 of these students (referred to as the Experimental group) were involved in two classroom interventions on multiplication and division, respectively. Data collection methods utilised during these interventions included semi-structured interviews, observations, field notes, artefacts, and teacher journal. A product of the in-depth analysis of individual student interview data was the development and formation of a Hypothetical Solution Strategy Framework for Whole Number Multiplicative Word Problems. This has the potential to assist teachers and researchers in identifying changes and/or patterns in student strategy choice over extended periods of time, in order to gauge students' developing understanding of multiplication and division and transition from additive to multiplicative thinking. Five key findings pertaining to students' strategy choice were evident from this study. 1.There was a relationship between strategy choice and level of task difficulty: the more difficult the task the more sophisticated the strategy choice; the less difficult the task, the less sophisticated the strategy choice. 2.Students solved problems relating to different semantic structures using abstracting strategies. 3.There was little difference in students' approach to partition and quotition division tasks. 4.A preference for multiplication to solve division problems. 5.Students' recording of a division equation matched the problem structure. The first two findings suggest that the engagement of students in tasks that involve numbers outside their range of experiences, across the different semantic structures, supports students' transition from additive to multiplicative thinking. Findings three to five suggests that rather than emphasising the forms of division, teachers need to engage students in a range of problem types and ensure that the model they use matches the questions being asked. Findings from this study make a significant contribution to the current body of literature pertaining to young children's development of multiplicative thinking and the instructional practices and learning experiences that best support this development.


I explore the determinants of mortgage defaults in Australia. Specifically, I use a novel two-stage hazard model to examine evidence for the 'double-trigger' hypothesis – that defaults require both an inability to repay the loan and the loan to be in negative equity. My results are broadly consistent with the double-trigger hypothesis. Ability-to-pay factors, such as regional unemployment rates and borrowers' repayment-to-income ratios, are found to be correlated with loans entering arrears. Transitions from arrears to foreclosure, on the other hand, are more closely linked to the extent of negative equity.


Injecting drug use is a world-wide problem responsible for numerous minor and major complications which are well recognised. After years of injecting drug use, superficial and peripheral veins may become obliterated and the committed drug user attempts to inject drugs into proximal and more central veins. Besides the potential for mechanical and toxic complications such as vascular injury, intra-arterial drug injection, pneumothoraces, mycotic aneurysms and deep abscess formation, use of large proximal veins may result in life threatening septic deep vein thrombophlebitis. 2, 5 Aseptic and septic thrombophlebitis of peripheral veins is a well recognised complication of intravenous catheters and usually responds to removal of the intravascular device. Catheter related septic thrombophlebitis of proximal large veins and great central veins are also widely reported. However septic or suppurative thrombophlebitis of deep veins in IDUs characterised by micro abscess formation within the thrombotic veins and repeated bacterial embolisation into the circulation, is a severe systemic disease which has received little attention in the literature. 3 We recently observed ten IDUs (11 episodes) with septic DVT admitted to the infectious diseases unit in Fife, Scotland within a period of 28 months. This report summarises our experience in the diagnosis,treatment and follow-up of these patients.


We identified a patient (CAG) with scleroderma whose serum contained a high titer of IgG class antibodies that stained nucleoli in a pattern of independent tiny spots. When tested on isolated chromosomes, these antibodies selectively stained the nucleolus-organizing regions (NOR) of chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22. These staining patterns were not altered when substrate cells and chromosomes were treated with RNase, 0.1 M HC1, or 4 M urea, but they were abolished by treatment with DNase and trypsin. Immunoblots performed with serum CAG on isolated nucleolar substrates identified a protein antigen of approximately 90 kDa. Antibodies affinity-purified from this protein selectively stained nucleoli and NOR chromosomal regions. Therefore, this protein is the antigen that accounts for the ability of serum CAG to recognize the NOR. In a search for the NOR 90-kDa specificity among 254 patients with various rheumatic diseases, we found nine additional patients whose sera stained metaphase chromosomes selectively at the NOR. Sera from five of them (three with scleroderma, two of unknown diagnosis) recognized a protein that electrophoretically co-migrated with the CAG antigen. Thus, scleroderma is present in at least four of six who appear to have this specificity. We conclude that autoantibodies to the NOR 90-kDa antigen have an association with scleroderma and may be useful diagnostically and as a probe for further studies of the biology of the cell nucleolus.


Can public diplomacy help resolve protracted international conflicts? Both rationalist and constructivist traditions identify significant domestic obstacles to international peacemaking. However, Robert Putnam's concept of "reverberation" implies that diplomats can expand their adversaries' win-sets for cooperation by engaging foreign publics. This paper analyzes a most-likely case, with archival evidence: Argentine Ambassador Oscar Camilión's unsuccessful quest for Argentine-Brazilian rapprochement in 1976–77. Although the two countries later overcame rivalry, public diplomacy contributed negligibly to this success: internal Argentine divisions created mixed messages toward Brazil, Brazilian leaders launched a competing public relations operation, and these two currents obstructed and nearly terminated Camilión's mission. This case illuminates the paradoxes of Argentine foreign policymaking under military rule and offers a cautionary tale for scholars and practitioners of public diplomacy and conflict resolution.


Two-layer hierarchy unstructured peer-to-peer (P2P) systems, comprising an upper layer of superpeers and an underlying layer of ordinary peers, are commonly used to improve the performance of large-scale P2P systems. However, the optimal superpeer network design involves several requirements including superpeer degree, network diameter, scalability, load balancing, and flooding performance. A perfect difference graph has desirable properties to satisfy the above design rationale of superpeers overlay network. This paper proposes a two-layer hierarchical unstructured P2P system in which a perfect difference graph (PDG) is used to dynamically construct and maintain the superpeer overlay topology. In addition, the broadcasting performance of the P2P system is enhanced through the use of a PDG-based forwarding algorithm, which ensures that each superpeer receives just one lookup query flooding message. The theoretical results show that the proposed system improves existing superpeer hierarchical unstructured P2P systems in terms of a smaller network diameter, fewer lookup flooding messages, and a reduced average delay, and the experimental results show that the proposed two-layer hierarchy P2P system performs very well in the dynamic network environment.


Online social media platforms have become a major place where people also discuss their opinions and express their feelings about socio-political phenomena such as elections and referendums. Human-generated online content is a fruitful resource for a deeper understanding of these happenings. In this study, we present a dataset comprising 45 months (from January 2016 until September 2019) of long-running discussions on Twitter about the Brexit referendum, which can be used by social scientists and journalists for understanding the evolution of the public debate about the phenomenon. This dataset comprises 50.8 million tweets and 3.97 million users, and is also enriched with additional meta-data attributes: bot score of users, sentiment information detected by our sentiment analyzer, political stance information predicted by our stance classifier. Considering all Brexit related tweets of users during our time period, we also determine their overall stance and sentiment.


Objectives. Ultrasound (US) guidance is a safe and effective method for peripheral intravenous (IV) catheter placement. However, no studies have directly compared the success rate of emergency medicine (EM) residents and nurses at using this technique especially in community hospital settings. This prospective "noninferiority" study sought to demonstrate that nursing staff are at least as successful as EM residents at placing US guided IVs. Methods. A group of 5 EM residents and 11 nurse volunteers with at least two years' experience underwent training sessions in hands-on practice and didactic instruction with prospective follow-up. Two failed attempts on a patient using standard approach by an emergency department (ED) nurse were deemed to be "difficult sticks" and randomly assigned to either a nurse or resident, based on the day they presented. Results. A total of 90 attempts, consisting of trials on 90 patients, were recorded with a success rate of 85% and 86% for residents and nurses, respectively. With a p value of .305, there was no statistically significant difference in the success rate between the residents and nurses. Conclusion. Properly trained nursing staff can be as equally successful as EM residents in placing US guided intravenous lines.


This study analyzed the financial relations between local governments and the third sector from the viewpoint of execution measures of municipalities, which are main players for regional revitalization, and from the viewpoint of the legal superintendent system to non-profit organizations. first, using the local finance survey data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, I analyzed the execution measures of municipalities and categorized them into: direct execution, commissioned execution, and indirect execution. The results are as follows. 1) The three factors of population (i.e., the small scale of municipalities, population decline and aging) influence the municipal administration execution system and the location of the third sector. 2) In municipal executive regimes, a moderate correlation is found between the three factors of population and the decline of rates of direct execution and commissioned execution, and the rise in the rate of indirect enforcement. 3) The municipal executive manner differs in the policy field, and the substitution relationship between direct execution and commissioned execution/indirect execution is different. 4) The location of the third sector is influenced differently by the three factors of population according to their types of incorporation and objectives of activities. As a policy implication, to promote regional revitalization, building up mutually beneficial relationships between municipalities and the third sector based on the administrative transformations in the manner and third sector location characteristics caused by three population factors is an issue.


Context: Bupivacaine is the most common local anesthetic agent used for brachial plexus blocks (BB). Due to the adverse effects noted with bupivacaine, safer alternative agents such as levobupivacaine and ropivacaine are being used now. Aims: Although several studies exist comparing pairs of anesthetic agents, few studies have compared all three agents using dexmedetomidine (DMT) as an adjuvant. To bridge this knowledge gap, we undertook the present study. Settings and Design: This was a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind comparative study. Materials and Methods: Eighty patients were randomly allocated to four study groups: group B, given bupivacaine alone, and groups BD, LD, and RD, given twenty-five ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, 0.5% levobupivacaine, and 0.75% ropivacaine, respectively, along with DMT 0.5 μg/kg body weight. Onset of the sensory and motor blocks; duration of the sensory block,motor block and analgesia of the block were compared between the groups. Statistical Analysis Used: Differences between the groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honestly significant difference -β post hoc test for parametric data, and for nonparametric data, Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used. Results: The durations of analgesia observed were 7 ± 0.7, 13.4 ± 0.6, 12.7 ± 1.0, and 12.5 ± 0.6 h in groups B, BD, LD, and RD, respectively; these differences were statistically significant (F = 294.825, P < 0.001). Post hoc tests revealed a statistically significant difference between Group B and all the other groups, between the BD and LD groups, and between BD and RD groups. The times to onset of sensory blocks observed were 11.3 ± 11.3, 7.6 ± 0.8, 8.1 ± 0.8, and 8.4 ± 0.8 min in groups B, BD, LD, and RD, respectively, while the times to onset of motor blocks observed were 17.1 ± 1.5, 11.0 ± 0.9, 10.3 ± 1.0, and 10.2 ± 0.7 min in groups B, BD, LD, and RD, respectively. Conclusions: DMT added as an adjuvant to bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, and ropivacaine resulted in a statistically significant enhancement of the duration of analgesia.


Disruption of a multidrug resistance gene (CaMDR1) in Candida albicans resulted in mutant strains that colonized mouse kidneys to very high levels but were markedly reduced in their virulence. No obvious differences in several properties related to colonization and dissemination were noted among MDR+ or mdr- strains. These results suggest that specific fungal efflux pumps play a role in fungal pathogenicity.


Achieving a sustainable future requires that individuals adopt different values, attitudes, habits, and behaviors, which are often learned and cemented at a young age. Unfortunately, current educational efforts are inadequate for achieving transformative action. Even programs whose primary goal is to promote responsible, pro-environmental behaviors have largely failed at creating change among students. The lack of efficacy in sustainability-related educational programs is at least partly due to faulty assumptions about knowledge automatically leading to action, and by extension, the informationintensive methods that focus largely on declarative knowledge regarding how environmental systems work. Meanwhile, social science literature clearly highlights the need to go beyond ecological and technical knowledge when educating for transformative action, since sustainable behaviors are motivated by much more than declarative information. In order to effectively educate for sustainability, alternative forms of knowledge (i.e., procedural, effectiveness, and social knowledge) are essential, as is the consideration of various barriers and motivators for action. The transition towards sustainability will require action and change that is guided by an understanding of the complexities that arise within an interconnected system, as well as the ability to collaborate with people from diverse backgrounds, while keeping an eye to the future. In formulating our approach to educating for sustainability, we incorporate perspectives from three somewhat disparate fields: (i) behavioral change research, (ii) sustainability scholarship, and (iii) educational pedagogy. While drawing upon diverse knowledge domains, our primary purpose is to integrate behavior change research and sustainability competencies in developing effective educational approaches for transformative actions.


Background Past studies suggest that males with lupus nephritis (LN) may have increased rates of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality compared to females. However studies included few males and were focused on biological differences, not healthcare use. In a nationwide cohort of SLE patients with incident LN, we investigated LN-related outcomes and utilisation by sex. Materials and methods We used the Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) with nationwide billing claims to identify individuals 5–65 years with LN (2000–2004) using a validated algorithm (PPV 80%) and required 12 months without any LN codes to define incident cases. MAX data were linked to the U.S. Renal Data System (USRDS) 2000–2006 to identify ESRD onset. Mortality was determined using National and Social Security Death Index Files (2000–2006). We assessed sex-specific incidence rates and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for healthcare utilisation, medications, preventive care and renal biopsies using Poisson regression. We used Fine and Grey proportional hazard models to compare the subdistribution hazard ratios (HRsd) of ESRD by sex accounting for the competing risk of death, and Cox models to compare hazard ratios (HR) of death, adjusted for age and race/ethnicity. Results Of 2576 patients with incident LN, 230 (9%) were male. Mean follow-up was 2.8 (SD 1.5) years for both sexes. Mean age was 30 (SD 16) years among males and 34 (SD 14) years among females (p < 0.001). 31% of males and 36% of females underwent renal biopsy (p = 0.06). Other than azathioprine use, which was more frequent among females (p = 0.02), were no differences in medications or preventive care. Adjusted rates of outpatient and emergency department (ED) visits were lower for males compared to females (IRR 0.81, 95% CI: 0.68–0.98 and 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79–0.99, respectively); hospitalizations were comparable. The five-year cumulative incidence of ESRD was 13% and the HRsd of ESRD for males compared to females was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.53–1.38) in the first two years and 2.21 (95% CI: 1.2–4.1) in the subsequent two years. The five-year cumulative incidence of death was 15% with no difference in HR by sex. Conclusions In this incident LN Medicaid cohort, we found high rates of ESRD and mortality overall, with no differences in ESRD by sex in the first two years but more than twice the risk among males thereafter. Males had lower rates of outpatient and ED visits compared to females. Further studies are needed to understand the relationship between utilisation and long-term outcomes. Acknowledgements Drs. Feldman and Broder contributed equally.


The rapid spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa is one of the greatest failures in the history of public health. Given our detailed understanding of HIV and the natural course of AIDS, the virus should have been controllable. Yet in some African countries 20% of people aged over 15 are HIV positive and 70% of them will eventually die from AIDS.1 India shares some of the same risk factors as Africa, including a similar pattern of health expenditure, an uneven health infrastructure, and prevalent high risk sexual behaviours (table A, bmj.com).2 By 2010 the number of HIV infections in India is predicted to rise from 4 million to 20–25 million1–3 We discuss 10 important lessons from Africa that could limit the spread of HIV in India.

The views expressed in this paper are based on current literature reviews, economic analyses of the Berkeley International Group (http://big.berkeley.edu/), and extensive personal experience working on HIV, reproductive health, programme management, and international finance.

HIV infection begins in the core groups of commercial sex workers, intravenous drug users, and men who have sex with men (table B, bmj.com). Mathematical models show both the benefits of early intervention and the importance of focusing on these core groups.4–7 India remains a traditional society: its laws forbidding homosexuality derive from British legislation in the 19th century,8 and the sex industry relies on bribing the police to operate. The high risk groups are outside the political, social, and economic mainstream. Leaders must overcome prejudice and be prepared to include these groups in designing well funded programmes.

Poverty is a major contributor to the spread of HIV and thus considered an important focus for preventive programmes. However, the prevalence of HIV can double within high risk groups in six …


The transport of mass and momentum induced by an axisymmetric circular jet impinging on a flat surface has been investigated using a combined PIV/LIF technique. The two techniques were deployed in a water tank that housed two circular flat plates with a centrally located submerged jet issuing normally from one of them. The submerged jet was operated at fixed flow rate conditions, and subjected to a small constant injection of a Rhodamine solution to generate the LIF. Injection of the Rhodamine solution was performed after the water jet had reached hydrodynamic steady state conditions. The jet Reynolds number was varied from the laminar to the moderately turbulent flow regime of a fully developed pipe jet. The influence of rotating the impingement plate was also investigated. The measurements, for a fixed distance of the jet nozzle from the surface, reveal the flow structure and give insight into the transport of mass and momentum as a function of Re and impingement plate rotation.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


This study assessed determinants of farmers access and use of new ICTS in the study area. Data obtained from 270 respondents through multi-stage sampling technique were subjected to descriptive and logit regression analysis. The results show that GSM is the only new ICT farmers have access to (mean= 2.66) and use regularly (mean =3.44) while they have little or no access to and use either computer, E- mail or internet. This poor farmers access to and use of new ICTs can limit the extent of agricultural information they can receive. The probability of respondents having high access to new ICTS was significantly related to education (b = 0.784) and farming income, (b = 0.754). The study recommends organizing farmers into associations for training in the use of and collective acquisition of new ICTs. @JASEM


We present a spectroscopically identified catalog of 70 DA white dwarfs (WDs) from the LAMOST pilot survey. Thirty-five are found to be new identifications after cross-correlation with the Eisenstein et al. and Villanova catalogs. The effective temperature and gravity of these WDs are estimated by Balmer lines fitting. Most of them are hot WDs. The cooling times and masses of these WDs are estimated by interpolation in theoretical evolution tracks. The peak of the mass distribution is found to be ∼0.6 M☉, which is consistent with prior work in the literature. The distances of these WDs are estimated using the method of synthetic spectral distances. All of these WDs are found to be in the Galactic disk from our analysis of space motions. Our sample supports the expectation that WDs with high mass are concentrated near the plane of the Galactic disk.


The study was carried out in the industrial areas of Nilai, Ulu Klang and Bangi in
Malaysia amongst 426 randomly selected operators in six electronics and electrical
industries. The impact of the differential relationships between operators organisational
commitment and their job performance was explored using job satisfaction variables in the
Herzberg's Two-Factor Motivation theory as intervening variables.
Specifically, the objectives of the study were to determine:
a) the operators' level of job performance, organisational commitment, satisfaction
with the individual facets of job satisfaction,
b) the nature of the relationship between the individual facets of job satisfaction
(Hygiene and Motivational Factors) and job performance,
c) the nature of the relationship between organisational commitment and the
individual facets of job satisfaction (Hygiene and Motivator Factors) and the extent
to which they can predict organisational commitment.
d) whether the Herzberg's Model is a useful framework for the study of intervening
factors in the relationship between organisational commitment and job
performance.
Hypothesised relationships were tested using structured survey responses from the
industry workers. hierarchical moderated multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the data. of job performance was measured using performance evaluation scores organisational commitment was measured using the definition of commitment after
Mowday et. al. (1982), while their levels of satisfaction with the individual facets of
Herzberg'S job satisfaction variables were measured using the items derived from the long
form of the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire.
Findings of the study revealed that:
1) levels of job performance of the operators was high,
2) the operators level of commitment and overall job satisfaction were related to their
job performance,
3) five variables, and administration, inter-personal relationship with supervisor and work itself in
the Herzberg's model significantly contributed 27 percent of the variation in
organisational commitment. percent of the variance in organisational commitment,
4) the influence of organisational commitment on job performance was mediated by
overall job satisfaction. significant interaction effect in the organisational commitment and job performance
relationship. advancement and recognition for achievement.
5) the two work related attitudes, organisational commitment and job satisfaction did
not appear to be distinct work attitudes. job performance


The Fashion Department of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Antwerp is undoubtedly one of the world's most prestigious fashion design schools. The Fashion Department, dedicated to fashion and theatre costume design was, founded 50 years ago by Mary Prijot. From the 1980s, under the inspired leadership of Linda Loppa and Walter Van Beirendonck, respectively, the school underwent unprecedented internationalisation and professionalisation. The generation of Martin Margiela and the Antwerp Six - Ann Demeulemeester, Dries Van Noten, Dirk Van Saene, Dirk Bikkembergs, Walter Van Beirendonck and Marina Yee - played a crucial role in this process. This book takes a closer look at the 50-year history of the Antwerp Fashion Department, its exceptional educational methodology, the annual year-end fashion shows and the work of its various generations of graduates, including such resounding names as Veronique Branquinho, An Vandevorst and Filip Arickx (A.F. Vandevorst), Bernhard Willhelm, Peter Philips, Olivier Rizzo, Bruno Pieters, Kris Van Assche, Christian Wijnants, Peter Pilotto and Haider Ackermann, many of whom grew to become internationally admired designers, stylists, art directors or makeup artists, or to fi ll in fluential positions for or behind the scenes of the renowned fashion houses. With the help of unique written and visual documentation of the Antwerp Fashion Department, this book illustrates how it has been at the heart of the Antwerp fashion story for more than 50 years.


To study the pupation site preference which is an important larval behavior, pupation height was scored in Drosophila malarkotliana, D.bipectinata and D. parabipectinata using fructose sugar in culture media. Strains of these species were collected from Unchahar, Bachhrawan, Raebareli & Salon localities in Raebareli Districts. The mean pupation height in different strains of Drosophila malarkotliana ranged from 3.56 to 3.67, in D. bipectinata ranged from 4.58 to 5.02 and D.parabipectinata., ranged from 1.96 to 2.03. The analysis of variance and t-test were performed to test intra and interspecies in pupation height. These tests revealed significant variation among different strains of the species. Significant variations among male & female for pupation height the same species were also found in all species Drosophila. These observations provide evidence for ecogenetics variations in pupation height of three species of Drosophila. Variations among different strains of the same species in pupation height are attributable to genetic heterogeneity among the strains.


Much is made of the different standards that the Federal Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice must meet when seeking a preliminary injunctions against a merger on antitrust grounds. The differing standards that apply reflect the different natures of the agencies, and were designed for the same reasons that the agencies were designed as concurrent enforcers. Why, then, do the agencies divide pre-merger reviews under the Hart-Scott-Rodino across industry lines? This system subjects the merging companies to different standards because of their industry affiliations. If, as critics maintain, the standards are indeed different, industries will consistently be subjected to more or less stringent merger review based upon which side of the line they fall.This article argues that the problem isn't that the agencies are different and make use of different preliminary injunction standards, but instead it is that the division of merger review between the agencies by industry inappropriately splits the merger review market, and undermines the purpose of decentralizing antitrust enforcement generally between the DOJ and FTC.


Gravity's Rainbow is full· of the explicit, precise mention of other written texts. Some of these are real, like Rilke's Duino Elegies. Many more of them are fictional, ranging from Neil Nosepicker's Book of 50,000 Insults (83), through Tales of the Schwarzkommando, collected by Steve Edelman (315). to the article "Regions of Indeterminacy in Albatross Anatomy," by one Natasha Raum, from the Proceedings of the International Society of Confessors to an Enthusiasm for Albatross Nosology (712). Why are these citations so numerous? What difference, if any, does it make to an understanding of Gravity's Rainbow that some of these texts are real and some not? And finally, what does the examination of these texts reveal about the idea Gravity's Rainbow proposes for itself as its own true Text?


A newly developed one-board real-time image processing system with 10.24-GIPS peak performance is described. Such performance is possible due to a linear processor array of 256 SIMD processing elements. The IMAP-VISION chip, which is a key device of the system, integrates 32 8-bit processing elements and 32 l-Kbyte/PE memories. It also has a synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) interface with 160-MB/s bandwidth which enables a large capacity memory to be used for real-time vision applications. As the chip is designed to be able to overlap data transfer between the on-chip memories and the SDRAMs with computations, the system is capable of executing complicated algorithms flexibly without memory access overhead or shortage of memory capacity. In addition, a bit-pack function is used to improve binary image processing performance. The efficiency of this function is illustrated by a region labeling algorithm which is often used in object recognition. The system manages to process real-time region labeling and Hough transform, and shows high performance for most low-level image processing tasks.


This thesis examines the widespread use of bestial imagery in satirical verse, prose and prints published between 1789 – 1820, through a study of Shelley, Spence, Gillray, Gifford, Robinson, Catherine Ann Dorset, Thelwall, Eaton, and Wolcot. The thesis asks why these writers and printers used animal metaphors so frequently, but moreover, what impact the use of this imagery had on the political landscape of satire in the period. Recent criticism has focussed on the historical and political contexts of Romantic-era satire, and this thesis follows that criticism with an historicist methodology, combining literary, historical and political approaches. Furthermore, the thesis analyses verse, prose and pictorial satires as contributing to the same political discourse and as doing so in closely related cultural arenas. This thesis claims originality on the basis that not only the use of animal imagery has a significant impact on how both contemporary and modern readers interpret its political meanings and contexts, but also that this is an argument that has not yet been posited by other critics. In addition, this thesis argues that through bestial metaphors, satirical writers and artists create a community wherein imagery is exchanged, developed and manipulated, and that this practice of cultural exchange significantly shapes those satires' historical contexts. Each of the thesis' five chapters focuses on a major satiric animal metaphor, whereby close readings of satires are offered alongside wider political and historical contexts. Consequently, this thesis provides a map of the most common satiric animal metaphors and their concomitant politics, and in doing so creates a new critical framework in which the growing interest in Romantic- period satire can be further developed.


Aluminium (Al) is presents in many manufactured foods, medicines and is also added to drinking water for purification purposes. Human exposure to Al has been increasing over the last decades. Al exposure and neurological impairments demonstrate mixed findings. The cerebral cortex is a sheet of neural tissue that is outer-most to the cerebrum of the mammalian brain and it plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness.The objectives of this study was to investigate the possible effects that aluminium Chloride could have on the histology of cerebral cortex. Total of twenty adult wistar rats were used for this experiment. The wistar rats were divided into five groups; group I was the control, group II received 475mg/Kg, group III received 950mg/kg, group IV received 1,425mg/kg and group V received 1,900mg/kg via oral intubation for a duration of Eight weeks. The wistar rats were humanly sacrificed and the brain was removed and immediately fixed in bouin fluid. The histological observations of the aluminium treated groups revealed extensive neuronal vacuolation and necrosis (neuro-degeneration) of the cerebral cortex of wistar rats.Based on our observations, we therefore conclude that Aluminium chloride exposure has neurodegenerative effects on the histology of cerebral cortex of adult wistar rats especially at higher dose. Therefore, caution should be taken in its usage.


Construction is one of the most dangerous industries. In the European Union around 1300 workers are killed each year (EASHW, 2004). Additionally, the economic costs of all injuries, ill health and fatalities are vast. This questions the whole construction sector from both social and economical perspective of sustainable development. Construction organisation Skanska Finland has applied zero accidents program since 2004. Implementation of Last PlannerTM System to the organisation, as a part of the lean construction production management initiative, started in 2006. There is a variety of lean construction (LC) learning approaches described (Hirota, E. H., Formoso, C. T., 1998). Also benefits in the use of Last PlannerTM System on safety performance have been reported (Thomassen M. K. et al, 2002). The literature does not, however, report integrated implementation of LC and zero accidents program. Decision on introducing shared actions to implement Last PlannerTM system (LP) and zero accidents program were made. This was based on two hypotheses. H1: LP will offer a framework and structure to health and safety (H&S) management and zero accidents program will offer stepping stones to educate and train lean thinking. H2: LP and zero accidents program implementation require workforce engagement. Better workforce involvement will increase weekly work plan reliability, thus increasing productivity. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used during 2007-2010. Meetings, discussions and personnel surveys were used to collect data from personnel. Study shows shared value-base between the two initiatives, e.g. valuing, respecting people, zero waste and prevention policy. Integrated use of tools such as go-see, visualisation, constraints removal and workforce engagement is not only beneficial but often necessary to achieve improvement, e.g. to create mutual trust to the change process. Workforce involvement also seems to increase weekly work plan reliability.