The use of patristic texts was tightly bound up with the needs of the contemporary discussion which provided Grotius with sources for his patristic citations. His use of ancient texts especially in Ordinum Hollandiae ac Westfrisiae pietas proved to be highly controversial.Grotius's advocacy of tolerance with respect to various forms of Christianity determines his use of patristic texts as well. He looks for examples of moderation in the Early Church and by this accomplishes a significant shift of perspective. He points out the diversity of expressions in the Early Church and therefore replaces questions of dogmatic definition with the question of how to handle orthodoxy and heresy in society. In doing so, he implies requirements for the proper reading of patristic texts in his own times. Grotius's notion of Christian liberty is connected to awareness of context and intrinsically linked to a historical understanding. In his writings, contextualisation involves both religious-historical comparison and the integration of general sources from antiquity. With regard to early Christian sources, this means that Grotius understands them as deeply rooted in the broader ancient context. This approach to early Christian literature is already visible in De Iure Praedae. His sensibility for cultural variation, his comparative method and historical interest in ancient institutions are outstanding, and Grotius has these characteristics in common with legal humanists like Francois Baudouin.


We have studied experimentallyan electronic circuit that implements the Duffing equation. The circuit appears periodic and non-periodic (chaotic) dynamics behavior, as we vary the amplitude of the driving voltage signal Va. The expected operation of the circuit was confirmed, by comparing the experimental results with the results of the simulation. From the study of the circuit's behavior, very important phenomena conceming the Chaos theory were detected, such as the great sensitivity of the circuit to initial conditions, the route to chaos through the mechanism of period doubling and the phenomenon of crisis of chaotic attractors.


It is shown that the main results of the theory of real interpolation, i.e. the equivalence and reiteration theorems, can be extended from couples to a class of (n+1)-tuples of Banach spaces, which includes (n+1)-tuples of Banach function lattices, Sobolev and Besov spaces. As an application of our results, it is shown that Lions' problem on interpolation of subspaces and Semenov's problem on interpolation of subcouples have positive solutions when all spaces are Banach function lattices or their retracts. In general, these problems have negative solutions.


The estimation of grain size (volume) by using computer database of tessellations is explained and demonstrated. As model material was selected an anisotropic material formed by compression-moulded pellets of PVC. The pellets were first covered with carbon paste to highlight borders of grains in final specimen and then moulded; their volumes were exactly known. Standard profile and intercept counts were carried out on the planar sections of the specimen and used to estimate the grain size by means of computer database. The obtained estimates were then compared with the known pellet characteristics. The estimation of grain volume and of other suitable characteristics by inspection of section planes is necessary in opaque materials (e.g. metal alloys, crystalline polymers, ceramics), where their values are inaccessible by direct measurements. The aim of this work is show that the standard approaches can be improved with the help of a suitably prepared computer database.


Understanding the relative contribution of environmental and substrate controls on rice paddy methanogenesis is critical for developing mechanistic models of landscape‐scale methane (CH4) flux. A diurnal pattern in observed rice paddy CH4 flux has been attributed to fluctuations in soil temperature physically driving diffusive CH4transport from the soil to atmosphere. Here we make direct landscape‐scale measurements of carbon dioxide and CH4 fluxes and show that gross ecosystem photosynthesis (GEP) is the dominant cause of the diurnal pattern in CH4 flux, even after accounting for the effects of soil temperature. The time series of GEP and CH4 flux show strong spectral coherency throughout the rice growing season at the diurnal timescale, where the peak in GEP leads that of CH4 flux by 1.3 ± 0.08 hours. By applying the method of conditional Granger causality in the spectral domain, we demonstrated that the diurnal pattern in CH4 flux is primarily caused by GEP.


to determine the relationship between the quality of Senior Secondary School Certificate Examination (SSCE) results, Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board organised Universities Matriculation Examination (JAMB-UME) scores, and student's academic performance at Lagos state University College of Medicine (LASUCOM), Nigeria , r ecords of students admitted into the Medical School in 1998/99 were studied. Data transformations were completed and subsequently standardized . Standard descriptive statistics and correlation coefficient were used to determine the correlation between the variables. The results showed that there was no significant correlation between the SSCE and the JAMB scores. In addit ion, correlation between JAMB and the student performance at 100 level and pre -clinical sciences also proved to be non significant. These results indicate that SSCE is a better predicator of students' performance at pre -clinical sciences examination than JAMB Scores.


Business practices has been a tendency to ignore business ethics in society. Violation of business ethics is motivated by the aim to gain as much as possible. This condition is obviously very detrimental to a sense of justice contained in the community This injustice will bring reaction from the community that is retaliation. With the vengeance of this community, will cause losses for the company itself, other firms, even more broadly detrimental to the nation and the State. Enforcement of business ethics must be executed with the firm. One theory that can be used to enforce business ethics is the theory of Chambliss and Seidman, where the enforcement of business ethics by using the theory of Chambliss and Seidman involves institution regulators and law enforcement agencies I Practitioners sanctions. With the existence of both institutions are expected to enforcement of business ethics can be optimized. Kata kunci : Etika, Bisnis, Penegakan Hukum


Super Resolution (SR) addresses the problem of image and video upscaling. Most of the best performing SR methods do not take into account any compression prior into the degradation model. Consequently, compression artifacts can be undesirably amplified during SR. In the present work, we propose a novel HEVC-dedicated approach for embedding SR results into a domain that closely fits the compressed observation. Our main contribution is the inclusion of HEVC syntax (block size, quantization parameters etc.) into the degradation model. A recent convex optimization approach is used to solve the associated minimization problem. Over a wide range of resolutions and bitrates, we show that our method improves the results obtained with state of the art SR.


Evaluations by students of the University of Mississippi were compared to the evaluations of students at Dokuz Eylul University related to specific lectures on communication skills. The students of the University of Mississippi were Native Speakers of English (NSE) while the students at Dokuz Eylul University spoke English as a Foreign Language (EFL). A set of lectures were developed over a ten-year period by using a continuous improvement feedback loop between student and instructor. Once the feedback data stabilized with undergraduate NSE, a comparison was made with undergraduate EFL students. Also undergraduate EFL students were compared with graduate NSE. The evaluations focused on the likeability of the lecture. Each student completed a feedback sheet indicating his or her reaction to each lecture. The results showed a remarkable similarity in response trends. If the response to a specific lecture was determined high by NSE, it was likely to be rated high by EFL students and vice versa. ********** Using a continuous improvement feedback loop between student and instructor is an effective way to get valuable information for improving instruction (Blackbourn, Payne, & Hamson, 1997). A simple system of having students deposit a short feedback sheet at the end of each class session provides information to consider for improvement as well as an objective measure for determining individual class performance (Payne & Blackbourn, 1995, Payne & Blackbourn, 1996). Using feedback from students, over time, it has been demonstrated that the reaction to individual lectures tend to stabilize. By assessing each class presentation, it becomes fairly easy to determine that some lectures are better than others. It is common knowledge that university students, class by class, vary in their reactions to the same course, semester after semester, just as individual audiences of a theatrical performance react differently to the same song, number, or joke, performance after performance. In other words, some audiences respond more favorably than others; however, trends exist over time regarding a specific song, number, or joke. Performances on stage and in the theatre gauge how well things are going from the audience's appropriate laughter and applause. In a university course where reaction to the teaching/learning process is to be assessed, applause and excessive laughter, for the most part, are inappropriate. However, a straightforward, short, concise feedback form handed in at the end of each class session is appropriate and helpful in determining student reaction. A form containing a simple scale of 0-100 (zero representing poor, bad, worst, while one hundred represents outstanding, best, exemplary) and space for an opportunity to give suggestions or make specific comments was used. Students were instructed to fill out the form at the end of each class and place it in a box that was located by the door as they exited. The form used in this study was developed over a ten-year period. A detailed account of the procedure and an illustration of the form used may be found in the Proceedings of the Eleventh American University in Cairo Conference (Payne, 2004) and in the Journal of Instructional Psychology, Improving Classroom Instruction Through 'Best-of-Class' Techniques (Blackbourn, Payne, Burnham, Elrod, & Thomas, 2000). During the ten-year developmental period, each lecture was perfected and suggestions from the feedback of students were taken into consideration. Overtime, the data began to stabilize and trends became apparent that certain class presentations scored higher while others scored lower regardless of the semester. This study was designed to determine if these trends would hold and transcend a culture where English is practiced as a Foreign Language. Through the award of a Fulbright Grant, the lectures were presented to undergraduate students at Dokuz Eylul University in Izmir, Turkey in the Department of American Studies. …


Rowan's essay traces the emergence of a new ecological discourse that began to shape thinking about urban life across disciplines in the mid-twentieth century. In the 1950s, urban institutions such as the New Yorker embraced what historians Michael Barbour, Robert McIntosh, and Gregg Mitman describe as "community" ecology. Later, postwar urbanists such as Jane Jacobs would draw on the authority of community ecology to reckon with the physical and social transformations then being carried out within New York City's urban renewal programs. Offering scientific evidence of cooperation as a fundamental biological principle and defining diversity as a critical element of communal stability, community ecology helped city observers challenge the logic of urban renewal by infusing public relationships that had previously been dismissed as emotionally bankrupt with new affective value. Attending more carefully to how these urban ecologists redeveloped the ways in which their communities should be understood, Rowan argues, allows us to reexamine the legacies left by those who opposed it-a heritage that many now fear turned a blind eye to issues of social justice.


This paper reports a MEMS vacuum package with vertical feedthroughs formed in a glass substrate all at the wafer level. This approach satisfies requirements for MEMS vacuum packages, including small size, vacuum/hermetic capability, sealed and low parasitic feedthroughs, wafer-level processing, compatibility with most MEMS processes, and low cost. It also enables flip-chip solder attachment to a PC board. The package has an integrated micro-Pirani gauge on a glass substrate for in situ monitoring, a silicon cap, and vertical feedthroughs through the glass. The integrated Pirani gauge has 0.6 milli-torr resolution at 0.1 torr and 0.2 torr resolution at 100 torr. Using the Pirani gauge, the fabricated vacuum package is characterized. The package has maintained ~33 torr base pressure with plusmn1.5 torr uncertainty for more than four months without a getter. The long-term measured pressure uncertainty is from the measurement setup and environment, and can be improved using a getter inside the package. [2007-0160]


A 50-kDa protein was purified as a potential receptor, using an affinity matrix containing biotinylated F14.6 or H9.3 anti-DNA mAbs derived from autoimmune (New Zealand Black × New Zealand White)F1 mouse and membrane extracts from cells. This protein was identified as calreticulin (CRT) by microsequencing. Confocal microscopy and FACS analysis showed that CRT was present on the surface of various cells. CRT protein was recognized by a panel of anti-DNA mAbs in ELISA. The binding of F14.6 to lymphocytes and Chinese hamster ovary cells was inhibited by soluble CRT or SPA-600. Thus, the anti-DNA mAbs used in this study bound to CRT, suggesting that CRT may mediate their penetration into the cells and play an important role in lupus pathogenesis.


Isomerization of glucose, galactose and arabinose to corresponding keto-sugars was studied in the present work over a range of heterogeneous catalysts. Magnesium aluminates with different ratios between oxides resulting in materials with a Mg/Al ratio from 0.2 to 0.9 were prepared, characterized and evaluated in terms of their catalytic behavior. The catalyst with a Mg/Al ratio close to hydrotalcites was the most efficient considering activity, selectivity and stability. The sugar structure was shown to have a minor influence on catalytic activity and selectivity.


AIMS
To measure the effect of moderate alcohol consumption on males' and females' attractiveness ratings of unfamiliar male and female faces.

PARTICIPANTS
Eighty undergraduate volunteers were used in each of three experiments.

DESIGN
Participants' ratings on a 1-7 scale was the dependent variable. A three-factor mixed design was used. For experiments 1 and 2: one within-factor, sex-of-face to be rated (male/female); two between-factors, sex-of-rater (male/female) and alcohol status of rater (0 UK units/1-6 UK units). For experiment 3, the two levels of sex-of-face were replaced by two levels of a non-face object. In experiment 1, the faces were rated for attractiveness; in experiment 2, the faces were rated for distinctiveness and in experiment 3, the non-face objects were rated for attractiveness.

SETTING
Quiet, prepared corners of bars and licensed eating areas on a civic university campus.

METHOD
For each experiment, 118 full-colour photographic images were presented randomly on a laptop computer screen, each remaining until a rating response was made.

FINDINGS
There was a significant alcohol consumption enhancement effect only for attractiveness ratings of opposite-sex faces in experiment 1. This indicates that the opposite-sex enhancement effect is not due simply to alcohol consumption causing the use of higher points of ratings scales, in general.

CONCLUSION
Since Agocha & Cooper have shown that the likelihood of intentions to engage in risky sex increases as the facial attractiveness of the potential sexual partner increases, through the opposite-sex enhancement effect we identify a new possible link between risky sex and alcohol consumption.


This Article undertakes a review of maritime interception and rescue-at-sea practices by evaluating the nature and scope of legal protection that each mechanism affords to refugees encountered at sea. For both interception and rescue, the underlying legal framework and State practice will be discussed, and longstanding protection gaps inherent in each will be examined. Attention is then turned to recent protection improvements in both rescue and interception. These recent changes will be analyzed for their strengths and weaknesses, and some suggestions for improving maritime interception safeguards are offered. IRREGULAR MARITIME MIGRATION: REFUGEE PROTECTION ISSUES IN RESCUE AND INTERCEPTION


ABSTRACT This paper examines determinants of ethnic disparities in workplace risks of COVID-19 among health and social care workers (HCWs) in the UK. This was undertaken to inform public health policy in the management of COVID-19 relating to health and social care provision. A cross-sectional survey was administered in July–August 2020 (n = 456) to elicit HCWs' experiences of COVID-19 management in the workplace and their perceptions of exposure, personal protection against infection, involvement in local clinical management, and other workplace hazards. Findings suggest minority ethnic HCWs were twice as likely as White HCWs to be in a patient-facing role (OR = 2.14, 95% CI:1.21; 3.78, P < 0.01) and twice as likely (63% vs 39%) to be caring for COVID-19 positive patients (OR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.77; 4.06, P < 0.01). Those in nursing, were three times as likely to be redeployed to a COVID-19 care setting (OR = 3.33, 95%CI: 1.23; 9.02, P= 0.02). Minority ethnic HCWs within lower- and mid-level roles carried a higher burden of frontline clinical management of COVID-19 positive patients than their White counterparts. This study found evidence of ethnic disparities across several workplace hazards, with increased exposure to and less protection against infection, more responsibility for the clinical management of infection, and evidence of systemic racial bias in the disproportionate redeployment of minority ethnic nursing staff to COVID-19 areas. An NHS-wide review is required to assess procedural fairness, ensure safe practices now, and to avert future crises.


This Policy Insight examines the main implications and challenges of the recent Executive Orders or 'travel bans'
issued by US President Donald Trump. It argues that one of the key ulterior motives behind these orders is to
manoeuvre the US into an advantageous position for harvesting personal data on individuals from around the
world, including EU citizens and residents. The paper analyses these orders and other recent US legislative
developments that allow for greater access and processing of raw communications of EU citizens, and argues that
they put the sustainability of the EU-US Privacy Shield and the EU right to privacy under profound strain. The
authors call for more diplomacy and democratic rule of law with fundamental rights guarantees and cooperation,
as the most effective antidote to the pervasive mistrust and legal uncertainty engendered by these Executive
Orders. In any case these developments call for the European Commission to take an assertive position and
suspend the EU-US Privacy Shield, as this is the only way to ensure legal certainty for companies, citizens and
authorities in the EU. This would also send a clear signal to the US about the absolute need to take into account
the conflicts of law challengesthat these orders pose for the EU and member states' data protection legal systems.
The paper also recommends re-designing and strengthening the current EU-US Transatlantic Legislators Dialogue
between the European Parliament and its US counterparts to better allow for a closer consultation on relevant US
and EU policies with deep repercussions on transatlantic relations and citizens across the board.


As dermatologists' use of biologic drugs for psoriasis grows, MCOs must take an increasingly active role in managing the near-term utilization of these high-cost agents while also taking into account that some of the "payback" for these drugs comes in the form of long-term costs avoided. Meanwhile, physicians, insurers, and employers continue to wrestle with issues such as step-down dosing; step therapy; patient-administration versus physician-administration; and whether biologic drugs should be covered under a plan's pharmacy benefit, medical benefit, or some combination. (Drug Benefit Trends. 2008;20:143-147).


Good corporate governance is a management way that aims at im¬proving performance and giving economic value added for the stake¬holders. Basic principles in implementing good corporate gover¬nance include: fairness, responsibility, accountability, and trans¬parency. Audit committee possess very important role in implement¬ing good corporate governance principles. The audit committee help commissioners in applying control into management activities. But, in the case of Indonesia recently, the role and function of audit committee might still be questionable. The purpose of this research is to understand the perception of public companies management towards benefits and function of audit committee. This research examined 5 variables including (1) the level of understanding, (2) qualification of audit committee staff, (3) Junction of audit commit¬tee, (4) benefits for the management and (5) benefits for the com¬pany. This research used Mann Withney U test to examine the difference between 2 groups and Kruskal Wallis test to examine the difference among many groups. The results showed that, in general, threre was no different perception among groups of man¬agement. Different peception towads the role and functions of audit committee was only found between financial related departments (accounting, finance, and internal auditor) and non-finance depart¬ments. Keywords : good corporate governance, audit committee, manage¬ment perception.


Baby Talk (BT), also known as child-directed speech, is a non-standard form of speech used by adults when talking to infants. In Arandic languages BT involves the use of a small set of unique but widely known words, onomatopoeic-derived words, as well as phonological modifications to standard vocabulary. As in neighboring Warlpiri (Laughren 1984), Arandic BT contains a simplified phonology that conflates coronal contrasts and avoids rhotics and consonant clusters. Whilst standard Arandic words are mostly vowel-initial, this weak initial syllable is omitted in BT and the preferred CVCV(C) word structure is achieved through patterns of reduplication and truncation. The BT phonology becomes more complex with the perceived development of the child's phonological competence, a case of fine-tuning over time.


Pakistani aviation industry's requirement of components and raw material for meeting customer's orders are of heterogeneous nature. Bought out components used in different assemblies and raw material for manufactured parts are imported. It results into receiving parts which may not conform to specifications due to deficiency in product specifications by buyers and misinterpretation by vendors. Buyers aspire to work directly with the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) of these spares and international stockiest. Therefore, procurement through vendors is a vital supply channel. Present research is focused on evaluating the competitive advantage of procurement directly from OEMs/stockiest and local suppliers of Pakistan. Procurement data was collected from a number of companies. Analysis showed procurement from local suppliers incurred delays in receiving parts, non-conforming received parts and high prices. Companies that establish direct interaction with OEMs, international stockiest and foreign suppliers on internet and other communication channels did not face these problems.


Summary The economic outlook in the countries of Central East and Southeast Europe (CESEE) will improve in 2015–2017 with the forecast average economic growth rate close to 3% – some 1.5 pp. higher than the expected euro area average growth. Only the CIS countries and Ukraine will be an exception to this trend. Household consumption, aided by labour market improvements and low inflation, will be the main driver of growth. These are the main results of the newly released medium-term macroeconomic forecast by the Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies (wiiw), revising slightly upwards the growth projections relative to the Spring 2015 forecast. Sub-regional growth trends vary greatly. At one end of the spectrum, the Central European countries are expected to continue their robust recovery with growth rates in the order of 2-4% per annum over the forecast horizon (2015–2017). At the other end, the prospects facing the CIS countries are particularly poor unless global commodity prices recover, both Russia and Belarus already tumbling into a deep recession (expected growth in 2015 -3.7% and -3.8%, respectively), while Kazakhstan is following suit with a deceleration in growth (1.5% in 2015). Whereas economic activity in the Baltic countries suffered this year on account of their exposure to Russia, they appear to be resilient and recovery is still on track with growth in the medium term expected to be in the range of 1.5-3%. Overall, Southeast Europe displays improving, but irregular growth tendencies, in many cases accompanied by macroeconomic imbalances and deep structural problems. Serbia and Croatia, the worst performers in the group, will enjoy hardly any growth at all in 2015 (0.1% and 0.7%, respectively), while growth in other countries will be in the order of 2-4%. The situation in Ukraine remains particularly fragile and serious downside risks persist, although there are signs that the recession, much deeper than originally anticipated (with output projected to drop by -11.5% this year), might be bottoming out. Net exports are providing only a limited, if at all positive, contribution to growth, while household consumption, supported by labour market improvements and low inflation due to weak commodity prices, is coming to the fore as the main engine of growth across most of the CESEE region; consumption is expected to remain among the key drivers in the medium term as well. At the same time, private investment remains the much-needed missing link in the mechanism essential to rekindling sustainable output growth in the CESEE region, and public investment may prove to be an important complementary factor. In this regard, the EU structural and investment funds under the 2014–2020 Multiannual Financial Framework will be instrumental as a source of co-funding. Inflation remains very weak across the CESEE region, hovering at near-zero levels on account of low commodity prices, with the exception of the CIS countries, Turkey and Ukraine, whose inflation spiked owing to exchange rate pass-through effects that followed sharp currency depreciations in 2014–2015, as well as country-specific factors, such as the food embargo in Russia and the rise in utility tariffs in Ukraine. The external environment is only moderately supportive. As the multi-speed recovery of the world economy continues in 2015, driven primarily by advanced economies and accompanied by poor performance in large emerging market economies, manifold external risks also arise that could jeopardise the recovery of the CESEE region, including geopolitical tensions associated with the situation in Ukraine and the Middle East, a slowdown in major emerging markets, normalisation of monetary policy in the USA and low commodity prices (a negative shock for the CIS group). Special sections of the forecast report focus on some of the potential risks that have attracted much attention since the beginning of the year, including the refugee crisis in Europe, recession and import-substitution policy in Russia, the Volkswagen scandal, the economic slowdown in China and the implications of the Greek crisis. With the exception of the CIS countries and Ukraine, however, the CESEE countries appear to be rather resilient to date.


New multimedia embedded applications are increasingly dynamic, and rely on Dynamically-allocated Data Types (DDTs) to store their data. The optimization of DDTs for each target embedded system is a time-consuming process due to the large design space of possible DDTs implementations. Thus, suitable exploration methods for embedded design metrics (memory accesses, memory usage and power consumption) need to be developed. In this work we present a detailed analysis of the characteristics of different types of Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) to tackle the optimization of DDTs in multimedia applications and compare them with other state-of-the-art heuristics. Our results with state-of-the-art MOEAs in two object-oriented multimedia embedded applications show that more sophisticated MOEAs (SPEA2 and NSGA-II) offer better solutions than simple schemes (VEGA). Moreover, the suitable sophisticated scheme varies according to the available exploration time, namely, NSGA-II outperforms SPEA2 in the first set of solutions (300-500 generations), while SPEA2 offers better solutions afterwards.


LAST FALL, black students at a large high school in Denver organized a protest against a student newspaper article that quoted statistics on the disparity in achievement between the races. These black students wanted to be seen as "equal kids," not kids categorized by race, which usually meant that teachers would hold lower expectations for them. A few months later, the U.S. Census Bureau began releasing data from the 2000 census, demonstrating that the roots of the students' uprising reflected much more than a local problem. The role that race plays in setting national policies and in determining national prejudices continues to challenge public education, but the census data show that a dramatic transformation may well be taking place. Let me say right up front that these comments do not represent a personal change of heart. There is ample evidence in schools, in the justice system, and in employment patterns to indicate the existence of lingering and destructive racism in American society. Nevertheless, affirmative action is already under siege, and the Abigail and Stephan Thernstroms of the world, who use their academic standing to try to negate society's obligation to erase racism from policy making and practice, are the darlings of the media. However, if I were a teacher or a school administrator, I would reflect on the statistics describing what this nation is becoming and realize that we have an opportunity to try out a different lens through which to view students and their potential. We've all heard the headlines about the data from the 2000 census that emphasize that Hispanics have drawn even with blacks as the nation's largest minority population. Yet the figures tell much more. One-third of Americans now identify themselves as members of a minority group. The minority population, once exclusively concentrated in certain cities and states, is now found in hamlets of the rural South, in cities in Iowa, and in the suburbs from coast to coast. And a new census rule allowed more than 2% of us to declare that we belonged to more than one racial category. The president of the Association of Multiethnic Americans, who checked three racial categories, told the New York Times that the census begins to redefine "this social myth that we call race and to look at it in a different way than we have in the past." (About the same time as the census results became known, scientists released the preliminary results of genome mapping showing only minuscule - really only skin- deep - genetic differences among humans of all so-called races.) So how can one close the achievement gap between majority (at least temporarily so) children and children of color? How do we design the policies, distribute the resources, and respect the cultures of all our people without depending on racial categories for so many of the answers? From a largely cost-conscious point of view, economist Richard Rothstein suggests some possible alternative policies. Take toothaches, for example. According to the U.S. surgeon general, one-third of poor children have untreated dental problems, and a child with an aching tooth probably will not do well on a state-mandated test. According to Rothstein, Columbia University's School of Dentistry runs clinics at low-income schools in New York City at a cost of $175 per pupil. Providing dental services to all poor children in the country would come to a total cost of about $2 billion. About 10% of poor children have levels of lead in their blood that are high enough to cause learning problems. Rothstein says that, if schoolpeople insisted that federal law be carried out and that all children be screened for lead poisoning (only one-fifth currently are), prevention efforts might be stepped up, and educational interventions could become better targeted. …


ABSTRACT Introduction: Statins are the first line of therapy to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in order to decrease cardiovascular events. Pitavastatin is the latest statin to be introduced to the market. Areas covered: In this article, the authors review the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of pitavastatin. The authors also review a recent cardiovascular outcome study. Expert opinion: Pitavastatin produces dose-dependent reductions in LDL-C at lower doses than other statins. The maximum approved dose of 4 mg reduces LDL-C by about 40–49% in different patient groups and is equivalent to atorvastatin 20 mg in this effect. Pitavastatin undergoes minimal metabolism so drug–drug interactions are less likely than with many other statins, but it can interact with some drugs that inhibit drug transporters. Compared with other statins, it has been associated with greater increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and it was found to be less likely to cause new onset diabetes. In a recent study in Japanese patients with stable coronary artery disease, pitavastatin 4 mg was more effective than pitavastatin 1 mg in reducing cardiovascular events. Therefore, the highest dose may be preferred in high-risk patients.


Health scares are characterized by mass media reporting that generates panic about a particular health issue or intervention, and those involved often require information. This article describes a study that aimed to examine the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination scare, its impact on parents of young children, and its effect on their need for information. Seventeen semi-structured interviews were carried out with parents in Sheffield, UK. Analysis of the interview transcripts revealed several categories including the one presented in this article, 'Information and the MMR vaccine'. The health scare increased parents' information needs in relation to their decision whether to have their child vaccinated. Parents viewed traditional sources of information critically as they did not consider them to be trustworthy. Parents considered trustworthiness of the information source to be an important factor. Ongoing work in this area is investigating these issues through a large-scale, quantitative study.


Saddle points (SPs), recirculation centres (RCs), and reattachment points (RPs) are examples of key points of the flow, also called critical or stationary points. Finding the location of these null velocity points is essential to the understanding of a flow pattern and may even spare measurements of the whole flow field. To that purpose, laser based techniques may render inappropriate, especially because of the difficulty in conveying seed particles to the vicinity of those points. The article details an original technique based on the measurement of pairs of profiles with Pitot tubes and finding their intersection. Two flows are taken as case-studies. These consist of jets emanating from the base of a cylindrical chamber: multiple jets arranged in a circular crown and a single central jet. While the location of SP and RP could be done in a single step, due to the symmetry of the flow, pinpointing RCs required an iterative procedure, in which the radial and longitudinal coordinates were determined alternately. The location of the RP was the least accurate. The technique has pedagogical value and will particularly interest young researchers and practicing engineers without access to elaborate and expensive techniques such as particle image velocimetry.


The comparison of previously proposed theoretical and semi-empirical approaches for assessing dependence of vertical turbulent exchange on stratification in the natural basins is carried out. The following models are compared: the semi-empirical model based on vertical probing data for revealing dependence of the required parameters on the stratification; the theoretical "spectral" model indicating qualitative differences in the exchange parameters in the "strongly" and "weakly" stratified layers of the main pycnocline in natural basins; the 1.5D model of the Black Sea vertical exchange developed within the framework of the inverse problem. The models, being analyzed in the course of calculating dependence of the energy dissipation rate ε and the diffusion coefficient K upon the buoyancy frequency N, show that they do not contradict each other and, if necessary, can complement each other. In addition, it is found that the greatest physical completeness among the considered models contains the "spectral" model that takes into account a variety of possible distributions in the upper "strongly" stratified layer. However, there are certain difficulties with assessment of the relevant coefficients in, dependencies. The latter problem can be solved within the framework of this approach via proper measurements in the investigated area using the semi-empirical approach relationships. A correspondence between the pair of "spectral" model and semi-empirical model and the 1.5D model for the Black Sea, which will be used in the future, should be also noted.


The frequency components of the human voice play a major role in signaling the gender of the speaker. female voices are characterised by higher f0, higher formants and wider overall formant spacing (through VT shortening) than male voices. A voice imitation paradigm was used to investigate individuals knowledge and ability to make behavioural adjustments of these components in order to modulate their expression of voice gender. Twenty seven native American-English speakers were asked to read out loud vowels embedded in the /hVd/ context first using their normal voice, and then trying to sound as masculine or as feminine as possible. It was found that both men and women raise their F0 and shorten their vocal tract when feminising their voice, and lower their F0 and lengthen their vocal tract when masculinising their voice. These results, which indicate that speakers use behavioural strategies, within the biological constraints of speech production, to vary voice gender expression along a masculinity/femininity continuum, are discussed within the wider hypothesis of a "gender code" in the human voice.


The archicortex, and in particular the hippocampus, integrates a wide range of signals through a particular laminar organization in which controlled expression of different transcription factors plays a major role during development. The nuclear receptor COUP-TFI is involved in many aspects of cortical neurogenesis, from arealization to cell-type specification and axon formation. Interestingly, COUP-TFI is expressed in a graded rostro-caudal manner in the hippocampus, with high levels in the neuroepithelium of the dentate gyrus (DG) and in the mature granule cell layer. To assess its role in hippocampal development, two independent conditional lines, in which COUP-TFI is either inactivated in all cortical progenitors or exclusively in post-mitotic neurons, were used. While absence of COUP-TFI function in post-mitotic neurons has a minor effect on the overall hippocampal development, loss-of-function of COUP-TFI in cortical progenitors leads to dramatic malformations in the growth and maturation of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus. In particular, the temporal progression of granule cell differentiation is affected resulting ultimately in decreased adult neurogenesis in adult COUP-TFI mutant mice. Furthermore, various components of the Notch-Delta signaling pathway required for the different steps of granule differentiation are altered, leading to an abnormal distribution of progenitors and immature granule cells during development of the dentate gyrus. Altogether, these results indicate that COUP-TFI plays an essential role in regulating particular aspects of dentate granule cell neurogenesis, and, importantly, propose COUP-TFI as a novel factor required in maintaining the adult neuronal stem cell niche.


We describe a detector design for a new low-cost Time-of-Flight PET scanner. Each independent detector module is two-side buttable in the transaxial direction. To maximize the optical collection efficiency, the design uses two different-sized circular PMT types with concave photocathodes and each type is placed at a different distance from the scintillator array. The detector consists of multiple axial segments. Each axial segment is read-out by four PMTs arranged in a rectangular pattern, and neighboring segments share two PMTs in order to reduce channel count and improve optical collection efficiency. To reduce deadtime and pile-up effects, each axial segment is essentially optically isolated from its neighbors. The detector length is scalable in the axial direction by changing the number of segments. In addition to the detector design, we present timing resolution measurements as a function of singles rate.


A model system to forecast urban rail travel demand technically supported the formulation of the Tokyo Urban Rail Development Master Plan for 2016. The model system was included in the forthcoming 15-year urban rail investment strategy for Tokyo and was used to make a quantitative assessment of urban rail projects, including 24 new rail development projects that had been proposed in response to expected changes in sociodemographic patterns, land use markets, and the government's latest transportation policy goals. The system covered the entire urban rail network within the Tokyo metropolitan area, with approximately a 50-km radius and a population of more than 34 million. The system would have to have handled more than 80 million trips per day. Three demand models were used to predict daily rail passenger link flows: urban rail, airport rail access, and high-speed rail access. These practical models had unique characteristics, such as incorporating differences in behavior between older and younger travelers, reflecting expected influences of urban redevelopment on trip generation and distribution, highlighting urban rail access to airports or high-speed-rail stations, examining effects of in-vehicle crowding on rail route choice, and deploying mode choice models for urban rail station access–egress for rail route choice. The authors concluded that the model system would be well calibrated with observed data for reproducing travel patterns, identifying potential problems, assessing proposed projects, presenting results with high accuracy, and assisting decision making of urban rail planners.


For years, architects have enjoyed the challenge of incorporating lightweight structures -- fabrics, tents, canopies, membranes, and so on -- into their designs.Such materials are a welcome boon to architectural creativity, allowing designers to envision spaces that take innovative shapes and interact with their surroundings in ways unattainable with conventional materials. Recent years have seen an increase in the use of such structures, in part because advances in computer technology have made it easier to render and model such projects, and in part because such structures are ideally suited to today's increasing concerns about environmentalism and sustainability. The Magic of Tents showcases innovative uses of lightweight, tented structures from across the United States and around the world -- from an Arizona school to an Istanbul bank, from a Miami nightclub on the beach to a private home in Germany, from corporate headquarters in Los Angeles to offices in Oslo, and many more! The book features both residential and commercial projects, projects with both exterior and interior usages, projects where the tented element is the driving component of the design, and projects that incorporate lightweight structures to accent or address a specific need. Endlessly flexible, nurturing of creativity, cost -- and energy-conscious, tented structures are an ideal means to address many concerns of modern architecture -- a creative means to not only define space, but also to transform it into something to meet all sorts of design needs, for projects both grand and small.


This thesis investigates both theoretically and numerically the stability of travelling wave solutions using Fredholm determinants, on the real line. We identify a class of travelling wave problems for which the corresponding integral operators are of trace class. Based on the geometrical interpretation of the Evans function, we give an alternative proof connecting it to (modified) Fredholm determinants. We then extend that connection to the case of front waves by constructing an appropriate integral operator. In the context of numerical evaluation of Fredholm determinants, we prove the uniform convergence associated with the modified/regularised Fredholm determinants which generalises Bornemann's result on this topic. Unlike in Bornemann's result, we do not assume continuity but only integrability with respect to the second argument of the kernel functions. In support to our theory, we present some numerical results. We show how to compute higher order determinants numerically, in particular for integral operators belonging to classes I3 and I4 of the Schatten–von Neumann set. Finally, we numerically compute Fredholm determinants for some travelling wave problems e.g. the 'good' Boussinesq equation and the fifth-order KdV equation.


Conductivity imaging based on the current-injection MRI technique has been developed in magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography. Current injected through a pair of surface electrodes induces a magnetic flux density distribution inside an imaging object, which results in additional magnetic field inhomogeneity. We can extract phase changes related to the current injection and obtain an image of the induced magnetic flux density. Without rotating the object inside the bore, we can measure only one component Bz of the magnetic flux density B = (Bx, By, Bz). Based on a relation between the internal conductivity distribution and Bz data subject to multiple current injections, one may reconstruct cross-sectional conductivity images. As the image reconstruction algorithm, we have been using the harmonic Bz algorithm in numerous experimental studies. Performing conductivity imaging of intact animal and human subjects, we found technical difficulties that originated from the MR signal void phenomena in the local regions of bones, lungs and gas-filled tubular organs. Measured Bz data inside such a problematic region contain an excessive amount of noise that deteriorates the conductivity image quality. In order to alleviate this technical problem, we applied hybrid methods incorporating ramp-preserving denoising, harmonic inpainting with isotropic diffusion and ROI imaging using the local harmonic Bz algorithm. These methods allow us to produce conductivity images of intact animals with best achievable quality. We suggest guidelines to choose a hybrid method depending on the overall noise level and existence of distinct problematic regions of MR signal void.


Radial basis function networks are known to have good performance compared to other artificial neural networks like multilayer perceptrons. Because the size of target data sets in data mining is very large and artificial neural networks including radial basis function networks require intensive computing, sampling is needed. So, because the sample size should be relatively small due to computational load to train radial basis function networks, simple random sampling for small size might not generate perfect and balanced samples. This paper suggests a better sampling technique based on branching information of decision tree for radial basis function networks when target data set is very large like census data. Experiments with census income data in UCI machine learning repository shows a promising result.


The compost media biofilter is one of the most important biological processes applied to treat waste gases. Research on a pilot-scale compost media biofilter treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was performed. The volume of biofilter media was 4.3 m3 and the biofilter operated for 57 days. Fluctuation of water content in the biofilter media was investigated. With continuous switching of air flow direction, the water content of the biofilter media could be managed without any addition of exterior water. The range of average temperature of each stage measured between 18°C to 73°C. When the air flow direction switched from upward to downward, temperatures of lower stages increased and temperatures of upper stages decreased. Temperatures of one side of the media were usually higher than those of the opposite side at the same depth. Compost has the advantages of different types of nutrients present in the media. With the compost media, the removal efficiency of the biofilter could be maintained at more than 99% for the experimental period.


The purpose of this paper is to solve the Dynamic Launch Zone (DLZ) problem for air-to-air homing missiles, by finding a numerical solution through integration of the nonlinear equations of the motion of the missile and target. To build the mathematical model of the real process we used experimental data of missile aerodynamic and thrust, mechanical measurements. The complex mathematical model includes a dynamic equation system with six degrees of freedom (DOF) and a guidance law, experimentally validated. By integrating the complex mathematical model we obtained the flight parameters for some significant cases and the DLZ for several tactical situations of aerial combat. The conclusions point to the altitude influence on DLZ configuration and the relevance of the input data on model precision.


It is now accepted that new binders are needed to replace Portland cement (PC) for enhanced environmental and durability performance. The urge to reduce emissions of carbon and the fact that PC structures having built a few decades ago are already facing disintegration problems points out the handicaps of PC binders. Research works carried out in developing of alkali-activated binders show that this new type of  binder could have a huge potential to become as alternative building material. Latvian Quaternary clays were studied from the point of view of the national economy, analysing the physical properties and chemical composition of those sediments in connection with the possibilities of their utilisation in the manufacture of geopolymer materials. Quaternary clay minerals dominate by illite with admixture of chlorite. Quaternary clay typically is rich in fine, scattered carbonates. The aim of this study was to synthesize geopolymer  product from illite clays of Latvia under alkaline activation. Results of the investigations showed the influence of alkalies on the transformation of clay/illite structure by curing of activated clays at different temperatures for various time. Obtained results showed that illite-based clays of Latvia could play a role of the raw material for production of geopolymer binders. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.2.3.2848


The recent development of the Internet of Things and related sensor technologies has greatly impacted logistics tracking, structural health monitoring, environmental analysis, and data extraction. It is highly imperative to develop a technology to allow the sensor node to operate independently, sustainably, and in a maintenance-free way by harvesting energy from the ambient environment. Here we demonstrate a triboelectric device as a highly efficient and durable kinetic energy harvester from ubiquitous mechanical vibrations. We construct a cylinder coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and place a number of metal balls inside the cylinder. This ball-based triboelectric generator (B-TEG) converts the mechanical shaking into electricity. By grounding the metal-freestanding-layer, we form a new configuration (B-GTEG). The output power of B-GTEG shows an 8 fold improvement through the electrophorus effect compared with B-TEG, providing the potential for supplying sustainable power to wireless sensor nodes.


This piece is an exploration of grid-based instruments for interactive-generative music. Ableton's Push, Native Instruments Maschine, Novation's Launchpad and the Monome are used extensively by digital musicians across many genres. Such grids may be used for triggering sounds directly, sequencing, step sequencing, controlling parameters and generative systems involving collisions. In this piece, I wanted to create an instrument that would be able to do all of these.
In addition, to traditional left-right motion of sequencers, I also wanted to explore right-left motion and the up-down dimension. In this piece, the red squares moving across the screens (rows) are used to trigger notes. The notes (e.g. pitch, speed) are modulated by the motion of the green squares (columns). When there is a collision between lit squares, a sample is triggered.
A Novation Launchpad is used for the performance of the piece. The projected visuals replicate what is happening on the interface, with some adaptations to make collisions more obvious and to remove the visual representation when no sound is heard. These serve to enhance the system's transparency as well as the aesthetics of the performance.
Unlike my other work, this piece does not feature lyrical content. Instead it explores the idea of system creation/instrument building being the main driver of the compositional process.


Food is a basic human right. One of the humanity's significant achievements has been to produce adequate food for the largest growing population. However, the co-existence of chronic hunger and malnutrition with presence of adequate capacities to address it is one of the gravest paradoxes of our time. In one-third of African countries the average daily calorie intake remains below the recommended level of 2100 kcal. The need and importance for greater food sovereignty has emerged out of broader concerns over the negative impact of world's food system on food security and environmental sustainability. Adoption of the food sovereignty principles are essential to empower local communities to have greater control over their productive resources, use and sustain ecologically friendly means of production, and access local markets as well as nutritious and culturally accepted food. The majority of African farmers are smallholders. However, the existing trend of land grabbing in Africa seriously affects food sovereignty in an unprecedented level. Based on the secondary sources, this paper explores different dimensions of the complex relationship between food sovereignty and land grabbing in African countries. It also analyses the various aspects on how the ongoing process of land grabbing in Africa affects food sovereignty which in turn leads to food insecurity of millions. The introduction of intensive agricultural production, due to land grabbing often based on a transformation of complex farming systems for commercial purpose can seriously threaten biodiversity. There is a need to balance the local circumstance while favouring large scale agricultural projects.


Summary

Global declines in pollinating insects have been linked with agricultural intensification and land-use change. Increased production of novel crops for bioenergy is causing changes in agricultural practice, but the effects on different pollinating taxa have not yet been quantified. However, the major pollinating groups (social bees, solitary bees, hoverflies and butterflies) are likely to respond differently to changes in land use and shifts in crop cultivation patterns.
We assessed the impacts of two bioenergy crops, oilseed rape Brassica napus L. and Miscanthus Miscanthus X giganteus on (i) the diversity and abundance of four taxonomic groups of pollinating insects, (ii) insect community composition, (iii) floral resources and (iv) nesting sites for bumblebees, by comparing bioenergy crops with conventional arable and grass crops in a large network of commercial fields.
We found that although there were more bumblebees in oilseed rape fields, conventional crops and bioenergy crops did not differ greatly in species richness of most pollinator groups, although more floral resources were found in the bioenergy crops. However, solitary bees were more abundant and species rich in energy crops than conventional wheat, and more trap-nesting bees and wasps were found in Miscanthus than oilseed rape. In addition, novel assemblages of solitary bees were found in the bioenergy crops.
All pollinator groups, and flowering plants, were more abundant in field margins than in the centre of crop fields. Although there were no differences among crop types, nest-searching bumblebees were confined to field margins. This highlights the importance of field margins as forage and nesting habitat for pollinators in farmland.
Synthesis and applications. Differential responses to field-scale growth of bioenergy crops were displayed by the taxonomic groups studied, suggesting that effects on biodiversity cannot be generalized from studies based on a small suite of taxonomic groups and must include a range of taxa for overarching results. To optimize habitat for pollinators in agricultural areas, our data suggest that a diversity of crop types at small scales may have positive impacts and supports appropriate management and conservation of field margins and hedgerows during conversion to bioenergy production.


Bird species densities, richness and diversity were estimated on 11 7 plots in a dry forest and oak woodland in western Mexico. The counts were performed during autumn 1990 and 1991 and spring 1991 and 1992. The plant composition and stratification were measured on each plot. Arthropod densities were estimated for most trees and shrubs during the two autumns. The relationship between bird species diversity and the plant associations was inspected by means of a canonical ordination. The plant variables explaining the species richness, diversity, total density and evenness were obtained by means of multiple regressions. The two methods were complementary and the results suggest that food abundance might be related with species richness and total number of individuals. An ordination of the sampling plots, based on the bird species counts, separated the main plant associations. Nevertheless, there were no discreet sets of birds corresponding to each associations. Bird species distribution was individualistic with loose groups of species sharing different associations. The plant variables with highest correlation coefficients in the ordinations corresponded to the vegetation type and in general they were not used directly by the birds. Birds were grouped into guilds according to foraging strategies and the plant species preferences were estimated. Even though food does not seem to control the bird species distribution for non-insectivorous species, birds favour those plants offering the most appropriate food type for each guild. The influences of food on the distribution and plant choice was estimated more closely for the insectivorous guilds. In addition to a significant correlation between gleaning insectivores and lepidopteran larvae densities in the first year, insectivores had a significant preference for those plants with highest lepidopteran larvae and homopteran densities.


This thesis synthezises theories from intermedia studies, semiotics, Gestalt psychology, cognitive linguistics, cognitive psychology, cognitive poetics, reader response criticism, narratology and possible worlds-theories adjusted to literary studies. The aim is to provide a transdisciplinary explanatory model of the transaction between text and reader during the reading process resulting in the reader experiencing a mental, virtual world. Departing from Mitchells statement that all media are mixed media, this thesis points to Peirce's tricotomies of different types of signs and to the relation between representamen (sign), object and interpretant, which states that the interpretant can be developed into a more complex sign, for example from a symbolic to an iconic sign. This is explained in cognitive science by the fact that our perceptions are multimodal. We can easily connect sounds and symbolic signs to images. Our brain is highly active in finding structures and patterns, matching them with structures already stored in memory. Cognitive semantics holds that such structures and schematic mental images form the basis for our understanding of concepts. In cognitive linguistics Lakoff and Johnsons theories of conceptual metaphors show that our bodily experiences are fundamental in thought and language, and that abstract thought is concretized by a metaphorical system grounded in our bodily, spatial experiences.Cognitive science has shown that we build situation models based on what the text describes. These mental models are simultaneously influenced by the reader's personal world knowledge and earlier experiences. Reader response-theorists emphasize the number of gaps that a text leaves to the reader to fill in, using scripts. Eye tracking research reveals that people use mental imaging both when they are re-describing a previously seen picture and when their re-description is based purely on verbal information about a picture.Mental spaces are small conceptual packets constructed as we think and talk. A story is built up by a large number of such spaces and the viewpoint and focus changes constantly. There are numerous possible combinations and relations of mental spaces. For the reader it is important to separate them as well as to connect them. Mental spaces can also be blended. In their integration network model Fauconnier and Turner describe four types of blending, where the structures of the input spaces are blended in different ways. A similar act of separation and fusion is needed dealing with different diegetic levels and focalizations, the question of who tells and who sees in the text. Ryan uses possible worlds-theories from modal logic to describe fictional worlds as both possible and parallel worlds. While fictional worlds are comparable to possible worlds if seen as mental constructions created within our actual world, they must also be treated as parallel worlds, with their own actual, reference world from which their own logic stems. As readers we must recenter ourselves into this fictional world to be able to deal with states of affairs that are logically impossible in our own actual world. The principle of minimal departure states that during our recentering, we only make the adjustments necessary due to explicit statements in the text.


Background: Ideal graft material for regenerative procedures is autogenous bone graft but the major disadvantage with this graft is the need for a secondary surgical site to procure donor material and the frequent lack of intraoral donor site to obtain sufficient quantities of autogenous bone for multiple or deep osseous defects. Hence, to overcome these disadvantages, bone allografts were developed as an alternative source of graft material. Materials and Methods: In 10 patients with chronic periodontitis, 20 bilateral infrabony defects were treated with freeze dried bone allograft (FDBA-Group A) and decalcified freeze dried bone allograft (DFDBA-Group B). Clinical and radiographic parameters were assessed preoperatively and at 3 months and 6 months postoperatively. Data thus obtained was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Significant improvement in the reduction in probing depth and relative attachment level (RAL) from the baseline to 3 months to baseline to 6 months in group A and group B, which was statistically significant but no statistically significant reduction was seen between 3 months and 6 months. On inter-group comparison, no significant differences were observed at all-time points. In adjunct to the probing depth and RAL, the radiographic area of the defect showed a similar trend in intra-group comparison and no significant difference was seen on inter-group comparison at all-time points. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the current study, it can be concluded that DFDBA did not show any improvement in the clinical and radiographic parameters in the treatment of the intrabony defects as compared to FDBA.


The goal of the paper is to present different problems related to the building of Parallel Corpus for two small languages, namely, Latvian and Lithuanian. The Lithuanian-Latvian-Lithuania Parallel Corpus (LILA) will contain 8 million running words; will be bidirectional, aligned on the sentence level. The problems include identifying, acquiring, preparing, and aligning parallel texts.


OBJECTIVE
This study examined the efficacy of Motivational Interviewing (MI) to reduce hazardous drinking and drug use among adults in treatment for depression.

METHOD
Randomized controlled trial based in a large outpatient psychiatry program in an integrated health care system in Northern California. The sample consisted of 307 participants ages 18 and over who reported hazardous drinking, drug use (primarily cannabis) or misuse of prescription drugs in the prior 30 days, and who scored ≥5 on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Participants were randomized to receive either 3 sessions of MI (1 in person and 2 by phone) or printed literature about alcohol and drug use risks (control), as an adjunct to usual outpatient depression care. Measures included alcohol and drug use in the prior 30 days and PHQ-9 depression symptoms. Participants completed baseline in-person interviews and telephone follow-up interviews at 3 and 6 months (96 and 98% of the baseline sample, respectively). Electronic health records were used to measure usual care.

RESULTS
At 6 months, MI was more effective than control in reducing rate of cannabis use (p = .037); and hazardous drinking (≥4 drinks in a day for women, ≥5 drinks in a day for men; p = .060). In logistic regression, assignment to MI predicted lower cannabis use at 6 months (p = .016) after controlling for covariates. Depression improved in both conditions.

CONCLUSIONS
MI can be an effective intervention for cannabis use and hazardous drinking among patients with depression. (PsycINFO Database Record


We present a novel type of inter-module connection mechanism for waterborne modular robotic systems. The proposed mechanism exploits the thermoelectric effect to cool down and freeze the water between two modules thus causes them to attach to each other. We validate the feasibility of this mechanism by embedding Peltier heat pumps (m = 0.8 g) in a cm scale self-assembly system. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed Peltier-based connector has (a) a high bond strength/weight ratio for a rather large range of temperatures and (b) is rather robust against misalignments between docking modules, making it a useful alternative to current connection mechanisms for small scale low autonomy self-assembly systems.


Magnesium alloy diecasting AZ91CC, AZ61CC', AZ91HC and AZ71HC were electroplated using different pretreatment sequences which incorporated conventional zincate immersion processes. Satisfactory peel adhesion in excess of 7. 7 KNm -1 was achieved on AZ61CC using a sequence which was designated Canning. The comparatively low adhesion achieved on the AZ91HC was due to its poor surface quality as cast. Growth of deposits was monitored using a strip-and-analysis technique and the morphology of the various deposits were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Different pretreatment sequences resulted in different surface responses for the alloys but all alloys behaved in a similar manner in a particular sequence with regard to potential time-curves and the rate of zinc deposition. The role of fluoride in both the second stage solution and zinc immersion stages of the Canning pretreatment sequence was studied using techniques listed above and Auger electron spectroscopy. Complete coverage of the magnesium alloy surface with immersion zinc was achieved when fluoride was absent from the zincating solution. However, a zero adhesion value was indicated in both thermal cycling and peel tests. The presence of fluoride in the immersion zinc solution suppressed the rate of zinc deposition and affected the time taken to reach equilibrium during potential-time determinations. A mechanism is suggested to explain the significance of fluoride additions to the processing solutions. pH and composition of the zincating solution had a significant effect on the time taken to produce the step observed in the potential/time curves and hence equilibrium potential. Immersion zinc deposition occurred rapidly at first but then changed to a lower uniform rate at a point corresponding approximately to the step in the potential/time curve. Although the minimun levels of adhesion, using the Canning sequence, varied from 7.72 KNm-1 for alloy AZ61CC to 1.54 KNm-1 for alloy AZ91HC, all the alloys revealed ductile failure characteristics in the surface layer of the substrate after peel testing. Plated magnesium alloys exhibited good corrosion resistance when appropriately pretreated and overplated with adequate nickel chromium coatings. The immersion zinc layer was not preferentially attacked when pits penetrated to the coating/substrate interface. Hemispherical pits formed and attack on the substrate was severe. Of the pretreatment sequences investigated, the Canning one was the most premising with respect to peel adhesion and corrosion behaviour.


Current major roadmapping efforts have all clearly underlined that true industrial sustainability will require far higher levels of systems' autonomy and adaptability. In accordance with these recommendations, the Evolvable Production Systems (EPS) has aimed at developing such technological solutions and support mechanisms. Since its inception in 2002 as a next generation of production systems, the concept is being further developed and tested to emerge as a production system paradigm. Characteristically, Evolvable systems have distributed control, and are composed of intelligent modules with embedded control. A concerted effort is being exerted through European research projects in collaboration with manufacturers, technology/equipment suppliers, and universities. After introducing EPS, this paper presents current developments and applications.


In this paper, a 206GHz broadband elevated microstrip patch antenna is presented a using new feeding technique. The new idea of the antenna design is based on modifying the configuration of the antenna patch and exciting it by using an elevated microstrip feed line via a λ/4 transformer. The elevated patch was realized by overlapping two small square patches in the diagonal of the main rectangular patch and combining them in a single metallization to get different resonant lengths to enhance the antenna bandwidth, is used as a main radiator. The antenna scheme offers a large operation bandwidth, compatibly with MMICs, reduction of the undesired substrate effects, and maximisation of antenna performance on high dielectric substrates. The antenna is fabricated on SI-GaAs substrate based on surface micromachining technology without need of etching the substrate. The measurement data have shown an excellent performance in agreement with simulated data; a bandwidth of 12.5GHz is realized with better than 10dB return loss, and simulation results show nearly constant broadside radiation pattern.


Genetic factors make a substantial contribution to inter-individual variability in cognitive function. A recent meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identified two loci, AKAP6 and MIR2113 that are associated with general cognitive function. Here, we extend this previous research by investigating the association of MIR2113 and AKAP6 with baseline and longitudinal nonlinear change across a broad spectrum of cognitive domains in community-based cohort of 1,570 older adults without dementia. Two SNPs, MIR211-rs10457441 and AKAP6-rs17522122 were genotyped in 1,570 non-demented older Australians of European ancestry, who were examined up to 4 times over 12 years. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine the association between AKAP6 and MIR2113 with cognitive performance in episodic memory, working memory, vocabulary, perceptual speed and reaction time at baseline and with linear and quadratic rates of change. AKAP6-rs17522122*T was associated with worse baseline performance in episodic memory, working memory, vocabulary and perceptual speed, but it was not associated with cognitive change in any domain. MIR2113-rs10457441*T was associated with accelerated decline in episodic memory. No other associations with baseline cognitive performance or with linear or quadratic rate or cognitive changes was observed for this SNP. These results confirm the previous finding that, AKAP6 is associated with performance across multiple cognitive domains at baseline but not with cognitive decline, while MIR2113 primarily affects the rate at which memory declines over time.


National banking is one of the main pillars in national economic development, and is expected to be an agent of development in achieving national goals, so that required a strong and professional institutions in the regulation and supervision of the banking and independent of the intervention of other parties. discusses the authority of the Financial Services Authority in conducting banking regulatory and supervision in Indonesia with the principles of legal certainty, the relationship between the Financial Services Authority and Bank Indonesia in regulating and supervising the banking and OJK Independence in regulating and supervising banking in Indonesia.
The research method used in this research is analytical descriptive research method, that is research which describe and describe various state or fact whic h exist about Authority of Financial Services Authority In Banking in Realizing Legal Certainty. Then the general description is analyzed by starting from the legislation, the existing theories and the opinions of experts who aims to find and get answers from the main issues that will be discussed further and using the method of normative juridical approach, namely research methods that emphasize the secondary data that is by studying and reviewing the principles of law and positive law rules derived from the existing literature materials in legislation and other legal provisions.
The results of the research on the authority of the Financial Services Authority in the Banking Division in realizing legal certainty, Before the establishment of OJKyang perform the tasks and functions of regulation and supervision of banks is Bank Indonesia, but after the establishment of OJK, the tasks and functions of banking regulation and supervision turned to OJK. Between Bank Indonesia and OJK can not be separated there is still a connection. Bank Indonesia conducts Macroprudential Supervision, which regulates the stability of the financial system as a whole and comprehensively, while OJK conducts microprodential surveillance, namely Regulation and supervision on institutional, health, prudential aspects, and bank checks. But in its implementation does not close the possibility of overlapping. With the contribution or levy of companies conducting business activities in the financial services sector will affect the level of independence of OJK itself, so that the dues or charges should not be charged to the company, but charged to the state budget so that there is no conflict interest.
Keywords: Bank Regulation & Supervision, Legal Certainty, OJK Independence


Vaccines and new drugs are needed to combat parasitic worm infections More than 300 million people are infected each year with parasitic flatworms such as hydatid tapeworms and blood fluke schistosomes. The diseases caused by such parasitic helminths, including alveolar/cystic echinococcosis and hepatosplenic/urogenital schistosomiasis, are typically chronic but frequently deadly. They are among the 17 neglected tropical diseases listed by the United Nations World Health Organization, and infections by these flatworm pathogens cause ∼4 million disability-adjusted life years to be lost annually, although this vastly underestimates the true impact that such long-term and chronic illnesses can have (1). Historically considered restricted to the tropics and subtropics, suitable habitats for transmission of these parasites are now expanding into Europe (2), and conditions are right for similar expansions to other continents (3, 4). The lack of vaccines perpetuates the unsustainable over-reliance on single-drug chemotherapies, a potentially catastrophic situation unless new solutions are found.


Xerox Customer Engagement activity is informed by the "Go To Market" strategy, and "Intelligent Coverage" sales philosophy. The realisation of this philosophy necessitates a sophisticated level of Market Understanding, and the effective integration of the direct channels of Customer Engagement. Sophisticated Market Understanding requires the mapping and coding of the entire UK market at the DMU (Decision Making Unit) level, which in turn enables the creation of tailored coverage prescriptions. Effective Channel Integration is made possible by the organisation of Customer Engagement work according to a single, process defined structure: the Selling Process. Organising by process facilitates the discipline of Task Substitution, which leads logically to creation of Hybrid Selling models. Productive Customer Engagement requires Selling Process specialisation by industry sector, customer segment and product group. The research shows that Xerox's Market Database (MDB) plays a central role in delivering the Go To Market strategic aims. It is a tool for knowledge based selling, enables productive SFA (Sales Force Automation) and, in sum, is critical to the efficient and effective deployment of Customer Engagement resources. Intelligent Coverage is not possible without the MDB. Analysis of the case evidence has resulted in the definition of 60 idiographic statements. These statements are about how Xerox organise and manage three direct channels of Customer Engagement: Face to Face, Telebusiness and Ebusiness. Xerox is shown to employ a process-oriented, IT-enabled, holistic approach to Customer Engagement productivity. The significance of the research is that it represents a detailed (perhaps unequalled) level of rich description of the interplay between IT and a holistic, process-oriented management philosophy.


ULTRAFINE PARTICLE GENERATION AND MEASUREMENT By Qiaoling Liu, M.S. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2015 Major Director: Dr. Da-Ren Chen Professor and Floyd D. Gottwald, Sr. Chair in Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Ultrafine particles (UFPs) with diameters smaller than 100 nm are omnipresent in ambient air. They are important sources for fine particles produced through the agglomeration and/or vapor condensation. With their unique properties, UFPs have also been manufactured for industrial applications. But, from the toxicological and health perspective, ultrafine particles with high surface-to-volume ratios often have high bioavailability and toxicity. Many recent epidemiologic studies have evidence UFPs are highly relevant to human health and disease. In order to better investigate UFPs, better instrumentation and measurement techniques for UFPs are thus in need. The overall objective of this dissertation is to advance out current knowledge on UFPs generation and measurement. Accordingly, it has two major parts: (1) ultrafine particle generation for laboratory aerosol research via electrospray (ES), and (2) ultrafine particle measurement for xv ambient aerosol monitor and personal exposure study via the development of a cost-effective and compact electrical mobility particle sizer. In the first part, to provide monodisperse nanoparticles, a new single capillary electrospray with a soft X-ray photoionizer as a charge reduction scheme has been developed. The soft X-ray effects on electrospray operation, particle size distribution and particle charge reduction were evaluated. To generate ultrafine particles with sufficient mass concentration for exposure/toxicity study, a TSE twin-head electrospray (THES) was evaluated, as well. The configuration and operational variables of the studied THES has been optimized. Three different nanoparticle suspensions were sprayed to investigate material difference. In the second part, to develop a miniature electrical mobility based ultrafine particle sizer (mini e-UPS), a new mini-plate aerosol charger and a new mini-plate differential mobility analyzer (DMA) have been developed. The performances of mini-plate charger and mini-plate DMA were carefully evaluated for ultrafine particles, including intrinsic/extrinsic charging, extrinsic charge distribution, DMA sizing accuracy and DMA transfer function. A prototype mini e-UPS was then assembled and tested by laboratory generated aerosol. Also a constrained least square method was applied to recover the particle size distribution from the current measured by a mini Faraday Cage aerosol electrometer.


Exploit the power of data-centric and data-driven Android applications with this practical tutorial Master the skills to build data-centric Android applications Go beyond just code by challenging yourself to think about practical use-cases with SQLite and others Focus on flushing out high level design concepts, before drilling down into different code examples In Detail We live in an increasingly data-centric and data-driven world. On top of that we live in a very mobile-centric world with the rise of Android smart phones and tablet devices and the surge in demand for the Android platform. Along with the demand for more data, there is a demand for efficient, "snappy" applications, and so developers need to have a strong understanding of when different data storage methods are appropriate and when they are not. Mastering how to use these two fields to successfully create a powerful application will help you boost your knowledge and skills in this area. "Android Database Programming" is designed to help developers create and design data-centric mobile applications on Google's Android platform. As the world goes increasingly mobile and as consumers' demand for data-centric applications rises, knowing how to combine the two effectively will become an increasingly important asset to have as a developer. The book starts by looking at the various local data storage methods on Android, and finishes off by examining external databases and ways you can utilize them from within an Android application. This book starts by looking at local data storage methods, focusing on writing SQLite databases for your application and also looking at ways to bind these databases to the user interface. The book, through its practical approach, strives to teach you by examples. Each chapter focuses on flushing out high level design concepts, before drilling down into different code examples.


The year 2016, in which I am writing these words, marks the centenary of Claude Shannon, the father of information theory. In his landmark 1948 paper "A Mathematical Theory of Communication", Shannon established the largest rate at which reliable communication is possible, and he referred to it as the channel capacity. Since then, researchers have focused on the design of practical coding schemes that could approach such a limit. The road to channel capacity has been almost 70 years long and, after many ideas, occasional detours, and some rediscoveries, it has culminated in the description of low-complexity and provably capacity-achieving coding schemes, namely, polar codes and iterative codes based on sparse graphs. However, next-generation communication systems require an unprecedented performance improvement and the number of transmission settings relevant in applications is rapidly increasing. Hence, although Shannon's limit seems finally close at hand, new challenges are just around the corner. In this thesis, we trace a road that goes from polar to Reed-Muller codes and, by doing so, we investigate three main topics: unified scaling, non-standard channels, and capacity via symmetry. First, we consider unified scaling. A coding scheme is capacity-achieving when, for any rate smaller than capacity, the error probability tends to 0 as the block length becomes increasingly larger. However, the practitioner is often interested in more specific questions such as, "How much do we need to increase the block length in order to halve the gap between rate and capacity?". We focus our analysis on polar codes and develop a unified framework to rigorously analyze the scaling of the main parameters, i.e., block length, rate, error probability, and channel quality. Furthermore, in light of the recent success of a list decoding algorithm for polar codes, we provide scaling results on the performance of list decoders. Next, we deal with non-standard channels. When we say that a coding scheme achieves capacity, we typically consider binary memoryless symmetric channels. However, practical transmission scenarios often involve more complicated settings. For example, the downlink of a cellular system is modeled as a broadcast channel, and the communication on fiber links is inherently asymmetric. We propose provably optimal low-complexity solutions for these settings. In particular, we present a polar coding scheme that achieves the best known rate region for the broadcast channel, and we describe three paradigms to achieve the capacity of asymmetric channels. To do so, we develop general coding "primitives", such as the chaining construction that has already proved to be useful in a variety of communication problems. Finally, we show how to achieve capacity via symmetry. In the early days of coding theory, a popular paradigm consisted in exploiting the structure of algebraic codes to devise practical decoding algorithms. However, proving the optimality of such coding schemes remained an elusive goal. In particular, the conjecture that Reed-Muller codes achieve capacity dates back to the 1960s. We solve this open problem by showing that Reed-Muller codes and, in general, codes with sufficient symmetry are capacity-achieving over erasure channels under optimal MAP decoding. As the proof does not rely on the precise structure of the codes, we are able to show that symmetry alone guarantees optimal performance.


Background
This study aims to investigate the preventive effect of proanthocyanidin against ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation.

Methods
The study included 12 swines (weighing 35±5 kg) and separated into four groups. Groups 1 and 3 were identified as control groups and left upper lobectomy was performed. Groups 2 and 4 were identified as transplantation groups and left lower lobectomy and heterotransplantation were performed. Proanthocyanidin was only given to groups 3 and 4. Tissue samples were analyzed under light microscope and histopathological findings were recorded.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between control groups in terms of the numerical values of histopathological findings that include congestion (p=0.565), alveolar edema (p=0.197) and peribronchial inflammation (p=0.444). However, numerical values of acute cellular rejection were statistically significantly different between transplantation groups (p=0.048). Mean oxidative stress enzyme levels were higher in group 2 compared to group 4; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).

Conclusion
According to the findings of our experimental study, proanthocyanidin can be safely used in lung transplantation based on its preventive effect in ischemia-reperfusion injury that may lead to morbidity and mortality.


The onset of parametric rolling in head seas has been
known to cause serious safety issues for ships,
particularly containerships. The aim of this work was to
investigate the prediction of the occurrence of
parametric roll and the factors which influence it.
The threshold boundaries, for the inception of
parametric roll for a typical containership were
established using the Mathieu equation. A series of
model experiments was then conducted to validate the
theoretical predictions for the inception of parametric
roll and investigate the influence of wave height, wave
length and GM on the inception of parametric roll.
For all the GM values tested reasonable agreement
was found between the numerical predictions and the
experimental results. A reduction in wave height was
found to reduce the range of encounter frequencies for
which parametric roll will occur. Parametric roll was
found to occur for a range of wavelengths provided that
the encounter wave period was in the critical range.


We consider whether hospital acquisitions of physicians lead to improved clinical outcomes for Medicare patients aged 65 and older. The analysis combines 2005-2012 Medicare fee-for-service and enrollment data with merger and physician affiliation information from the Levin Reports and SK&A, respectively. The analysis uses propensity score matching and a discrete-time hazard model to determine the effect of acquisitions on several health outcomes: mortality, acute myocardial infarctions, acute circulatory conditions, ischemic heart disease, glaucoma, symptomatic diabetes complications, and asymptomatic diabetes complications. These outcomes represent the progression of hypertension and diabetes into worse health states. Our results indicate that hospital acquisitions of existing physician practices have no statistically significant clinical benefits for the health outcomes we consider.


In this paper we present the study of electrochemical etching of silicon in KOH solutions to improve texturisation and reflection properties of p–type multi–crystalline silicon. The influence of etching temperature on surface morphology and reflection properties of the silicon wafers has been investigated. The results of the study showed that etching at high temperatures formed isotropic textured concaves on the silicon surface which is similar to the effect of acidic etching. Etching at room temperature resulted in formation of a uniform nano–porous texture and lowest reflectance. With optimised etching conditions, the total reflectance of the textured surface reduced below 25%. These results can be utilised in further studies to improve the efficiency of solar cells based on multi–crystalline silicon.


A set of vertices $S$ is a determining set for a graph $G$ if every automorphism of $G$ is uniquely determined by its action on $S$. The determining number of a graph is the size of a smallest determining set. This paper describes ways of finding and verifying determining sets, gives natural lower bounds on the determining number, and shows how to use orbits to investigate determining sets. Further, determining sets of Kneser graphs are extensively studied, sharp bounds for their determining numbers are provided, and all Kneser graphs with determining number $2$, $3,$ or $4$ are given.


Duplicate detection is the process of identifying multiple representations of same real world entities. Today, duplicate detection methods need to process ever larger datasets in ever shorter time: maintaining the quality of a dataset becomes increasingly difficult. We present two novel, progressive duplicate detection algorithms that significantly increase the efficiency of finding duplicates if the execution time is limited: They maximize the gain of the overall process within the time available by reporting most results much earlier than traditional approaches. Comprehensive experiments show that our progressive algorithms can double the efficiency over time of traditional duplicate detection and significantly improve upon related work.


It is generally recognized that during the reign of Cnut the Danish king's court came to represent the focal point for skaldic composition and patronage in the Norse-speaking world. According to the later Icelandic Skáldatal or 'List of Poets', no fewer than eight skalds were remembered as having composed for Cnut: Sigvatr Þórðarson, Óttarr svarti, Þórarinn loftunga, Hallvarðr háreksblesi, Bersi Torfuson, Steinn Skaptason, Arnórr Þórðarson jarlaskáld, and Óðarkeptr. Comparing this list with the extant poetic remains, one arrives at the following collection of skaldic praise-poems (some fragmentary) in honour of Cnut: Sigvatr Þórðarson's Knútsdrápa; Óttarr svarti's Knútsdrápa; Hallvarðr háreksblesi's Knútsdrápa; Þórarinn loftunga's Ho˛fuðlausn and Tøgdrápa; and (probably) a fragment by Arnórr jarlaskáld. Of the other poets cited in Skáldatal, no verse in honour of Cnut is extant by Bersi Torfuson, and none at all by Steinn Skaptason and Óðarkeptr.


We used polarization-resolved Raman scattering to study magneto-elastic coupling in Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Au$_{x}$)$_2$As$_2$ crystals as a function of light Au-doping, materials for which temperatures of the structural transition ($T_S$) and of the magnetic ordering transition ($T_N$) split. We study the appearance of the $A_g$(As)phonon intensity in the $XY$ scattering geometry that is very weak just below $T_S$, but for which the intensity is significantly enhanced below $T_N$. In addition, the $A_g$(As) phonon shows an asymmetric line shape below $T_N$ and an anomalous linewidth broadening upon Au-doping in the magnetic phase. We demonstrate that the anomalous behavior of the $A_g$(As) phonon mode in the $XY$ scattering geometry can be consistently described by a Fano model involving the $A_g$(As) phonon mode interacting with the $B_{2g}$ symmetry-like magnetic continuum in which the magneto-elastic coupling constant is proportional to the magnetic order parameter.


Written by best-selling PC repair author and educator Jean Andrews, the seventh edition of A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC maps fully to CompTIA's 2009 A+ Exam objectives. This full-color guide is the most complete, step-by-step book available for learning the fundamentals of supporting and troubleshooting computer hardware and software. At the same time, it prepares readers to successfully pass the A+ 220-701 and 220-702 exams. The new edition is formatted to support any learning style and course format, featuring an essentials-to-practical organization within each chapter. Tabs distinguishing exam content provide easy reference. Further content and live demonstrations with Jean Andrews are available on the accompanying CD, making this new edition a total solution for PC repair.


Foreword by Ishmael Reed. I. AUTOBIOGRAPHY. William Apess, A Son of the Forest. Preface. Luther Standing Bear, My People the Sioux. Preface. First Days at Carlisle. Return to White Earth, John Rogers. The Way to Rainy Mountain, N. Scott Momaday. [Introduction.] The Names. Measuring My Blood, Gerald Vizenor. The Little People, Maria Campell. Motion of Fire and Form, Louis Oweng. Fiction. Neon Scars, Wendy Rose. John Joseph Mathews, The Birth of Challenge. D'Arcy McNickle, A Different World. A Good Chance, Elizabeth Cook-Lynn. The Rise of the Song, N. Scott Momaday. Heartlines, Gerald Vizenor. Someday Soon, Paula Gunn Allen. The Earboy Place, James Welch. Maydean Joe, Thomas King. All that Story Back, Leslie Marmon Silko. The Last Stand, Louis Owens. In the Hour of the Wolf, Betty Louis Bell. Moccasins Don't Have High Heels, Lee Ann Howe. Deer Dance, Evelina Zuni Lucaro. Lipsha Morrissey, Louise Erdich. A Matter of Proportion, Kimberly Blaeser. On the Nature of Music, Authur Boozhoo, Gordon Henry, Jr. II. POETRY. There Is No Word for Goodbye, Mary Tall Mountain. Wild Strawberry, Maurice Kenny. The Sawdust War, Jim Barnes. Under the Tent. The Cabin on Nanny Ridge. SHEdonism, Diane Glancy. A Story of How a Wall Stands, Simon Ortiz. My Father's Song [Grief]. Palm Sunday in Pine Ridge, Adrian C. Louis. In the Ghetto on the Prairie There is Unrequited Love. The New Apartment, Minneapolis, Linda Hogan. The Truth Is. Return: Buffalo. Star Quilt, Roberta Hill Whiteman. To Some Few Hopi Ancestors, Wendy Rose. Is It Crazy to Want to Unravel. For the White Poets Who Would Be Indian. Poems for Vietnam, Ray Young Bear. Coming Back Home. Winter of the Salamander. She Had Some Horses, Joy Harjo. For Lori Tazbah, Luci Tapahonso. Hills Brothers Coffee. Indian Boarding School: The Runaways, Louise Erdrich. Turtle Mountain Reservations. Before We Knew About Mirrors, Sherman Alexie. Crazy Horse Speaks. Robert DeNiro. III. DRAMA. Foghorn, Hanay Geiogamah. Bibliography. Alternative Table of Contents by Theme. Index of Authors, Titles, and First Lines of Poetry.