Since the earliest of times, humans have been interested in recording their life experiences, for future reference and for storytelling purposes. This task of recording experiences --i.e., both image and video capture-- has never before in history been as easy as it is today. This is creating a digital information overload that is becoming a great concern for the people that are trying to preserve their life experiences.

As high-resolution digital still and video cameras become increasingly pervasive, unprecedented amounts of multimedia, are being downloaded to personal hard drives, and also uploaded to online social networks on a daily basis. The work presented in this dissertation is a contribution in the area of multimedia organization, as well as automatic selection of media for storytelling purposes, which eases the human task of summarizing a collection of images or videos in order to be shared with other people.

As opposed to some prior art in this area, we have taken an approach in which neither user generated tags nor comments --that describe the photographs, either in their local or on-line repositories-- are taken into account, and also no user interaction with the algorithms is expected. We take an image analysis approach where both the context images --e.g. images from online social networks to which the image stories are going to be uploaded--, and the collection images --i.e., the collection of images or videos that needs to be summarized into a story--, are analyzed using image processing algorithms. This allows us to extract relevant metadata that can be used in the summarization process.

Multimedia-storytellers usually follow three main steps when preparing their stories: first they choose the main story characters, the main events to describe, and finally from these media sub-groups, they choose the media based on their relevance to the story as well as based on their aesthetic value. Therefore, one of the main contributions of our work has been the design of computational models --both regression based, as well as classification based-- that correlate well with human perception of the aesthetic value of images and videos. These computational aesthetics models have been integrated into automatic selection algorithms for multimedia storytelling, which are another important contribution of our work. A human centric approach has been used in all experiments where it was feasible, and also in order to assess the final summarization results, i.e., humans are always the final judges of our algorithms, either by inspecting the aesthetic quality of the media, or by inspecting the final story generated by our algorithms.

We are aware that a perfect automatically generated story summary is very hard to obtain, given the many subjective factors that play a role in such a creative process; rather, the presented approach should be seen as a first step in the storytelling creative process which removes some of the ground work that would be tedious and time consuming for the user. Overall, the main contributions of this work can be capitalized in three:

(1) new media aesthetics models for both images and videos that correlate with human perception,
(2) new scalable multimedia collection structures that ease the process of media summarization, and finally,
(3) new media selection algorithms that are optimized for multimedia storytelling purposes.


In this paper, we develop a new technique called the brightness temperature difference cloud and aerosol discrimination algorithm (BTD CAD) that uses thermal infrared satellite measurements to improve the accuracy of the cloud-aerosol lidar and infrared pathfinder satellite observations (CALIPSO) CAD algorithm. It has been shown that the CALIPSO CAD algorithm can misclassify dense dust as cloud because the CALIPSO two-wavelength backscatter lidar operates at 532 and 1064 nm where very similar scattering properties are known to exist between dense dust and cloud. Therefore, we use the 11 and 12 μm thermal infrared channels from both the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the spinning enhanced visible and infrared imager (SEVIRI), which are very sensitive to dust concentration, in order to reduce the frequency of the dust misclassifications encountered by the CALIPSO CAD algorithm. For the two Saharan dust events presented in this paper, both the MODIS and SEVIRI BTD CAD techniques performed well but the MODIS BTD CAD correctly reclassified more CALIPSO CAD misclassifications as dust. After applying both techniques to all the daytime CALIPSO transects over North Africa during June 2007, the MODIS and SEVIRI BTD CAD increased the total number of detected aerosol layers by approximately 10% and 4%, respectively. Even though the Version 3 (V3) CAD algorithm is significantly more accurate in deciphering between dense dust and clouds than the Version 2 algorithm, the V3 still showed some dust misclassifications among the case studies. Thus, the BTD CAD technique can help reduce the frequency of dust misclassifications encountered by the V3 CAD algorithm.


Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute mucocutaneous hypersensitivity reaction characterized by skin eruptions with or without oral or other mucous membrane lesions. The main two variants are erythema minor and erythema major. Oral disease with typical EM lesions has been suggested as a third variant of EM. Known as oral EM, it is reported less and has no target lesions unlike the other two types, in its primary presentation. Objective: To report a manifestation of a rare case of oral EM and discuss various forms of EM including its management. Case report: A 22-year-old male patient reported with a complaint of oral and lip ulcers and severe pain for the past 7 days. The patient reported spontaneous onset of the lesions in the form of vesicles after consuming unknown artificially colored food items. The vesicles ruptured within two days leaving ulcers on the lips and the intraoral mucosa, with blood encrustations. The patient was unable to take food, was admitted for hydration, and was kept on corticosteroids. It took around three weeks for the patient to completely recover. Conclusion: The positive history of artificially colored food intake followed by the sudden onset of lesions and eruptions on the lips and oral mucosa led us to the diagnosis of oral EM. Early recognition and timely intervention benefits patients because the lesions associated with EM and related disorders can compromise life.


The Middle Jurassic is a largely mysterious interval in dinosaur evolution, as few fossils of this age are known worldwide. In recent years, the Isle of Skye has yielded a substantial record of trackways, and a more limited inventory of body fossils, that indicate a diverse fauna of Middle Jurassic dinosaurs living in and around lagoons and deltas. Comparatively little is known about the predators in these faunas (particularly theropod dinosaurs), as their fossils are among the rarest discoveries. We here report two new isolated theropod teeth, from the Valtos Sandstone Formation and Lealt Shale Formation of Skye, which we visualized and measured using high-resolution x-ray computed microtomographic scanning (µCT) and identified via statistical and phylogenetic analyses of a large comparative dental dataset. We argue that these teeth most likely represent at least two theropod species – one small-bodied and the other large-bodied – which likely belonged to one or several clades of basal avetheropods (ceratosaurs, megalosauroids, or allosauroids). These groups, which were diversifying during the Middle Jurassic and would become dominant in the Late Jurassic, filled various niches in the food chain of Skye, probably both on land and in the lagoons. Supplementary material: Character lists, datasets, and measurements are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4452533


New Zealand was the first country to decriminalize sex work. This article provides a reflective commentary on decriminalization, its implementation and its impacts in New Zealand. New Zealand Prostitutes' Collective (NZPC) was the key player in getting decriminalization on the policy agenda and their effective networking played an essential role to the successful campaign for legislative change. There were contentious clauses within the Prostitution Reform Act (PRA) which were of concern to NZPC and others. However, the research which informed the review of the Act has shown that decriminalization has been successful in making the industry safer and improving the human rights of sex workers within all sectors of the industry. The PRA provides several protections for sex workers, which means that their human rights and citizenship can be safeguarded. Yet there has been little movement towards decriminalization in other countries and reluctance by some to draw on New Zealand's experience. Indeed, it cannot be claimed that decriminalization will be experienced in the same way in other countries. New Zealand is a small island with a population of just over four million and movement across its borders is more restricted than countries that are part of the European Union. Nevertheless, other countries may find the arguments used to get legislative change in New Zealand useful within their own context.


Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors have been recognized as a useful tool and widely used for real-time dynamic analysis of molecular binding affinity because of its high sensitivity to the change of the refractive index of tested objects. The conventional methods in molecular biology to evaluate cell differentiation require cell lysis or fixation, which make investigation in live cells difficult. In addition, a certain amount of cells are needed in order to obtain adequate protein or messenger ribonucleic acid for various assays. To overcome this limitation, we developed a unique SPR-based biosensing apparatus for real-time detection of cell differentiation in live cells according to the differences of optical properties of the cell surface caused by specific antigen-antibody binding. In this study, we reported the application of this SPR-based system to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). OB-cadherin expression, which is up-regulated during osteogenic differentiation, was targeted under our SPR system by conjugating antibodies against OB-cadherin on the surface of the object. A linear relationship between the duration of osteogenic induction and the difference in refractive angle shift with very high correlation coefficient was observed. To sum up, the SPR system and the protocol reported in this study can rapidly and accurately define osteogenic maturation of MSCs in a live cell and label-free manner with no need of cell breakage. This SPR biosensor will facilitate future advances in a vast array of fields in biomedical research and medical diagnosis.


Background and aims: To predict the nursing workforce needed to care for patients in hospital wards, the workload of nursing care should be specified. In this regards, clarifying the concept of "nurse workload" can expand professional contributions of nurses in the health care system. The aim of this study was to assess the multiple dimensions of nursing workload, define its characteristics and functions in nursing, and ultimately provide a conceptual definition of nursing workload. Methods: Walker and Avant (2011) eight-step method of concept analyze was used for clarifying the concept of "nurse workload". Using "nursing" and "workload" keywords, electronic databases including Pubmed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, OVID, Persian Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranian Research Institute for Science and Technology (IranDOC) and MAGIRAN publication database were searched without time limit based on the inclusion criteria, and 8 studies included into review. Results: The nursing workload was defined and the five dimensions of this concept were determined. Workload dimensions were the amount of time, knowledge, skills and behavior (nursing competence); nursing intensity (direct patient care); physical activity; mental and emotional processes; and the ability of nurses to change the treatment plan during their shift. Nursing workload includes direct and indirect activities that nurses do on behalf of the patient. Workload was defined as the need for nursing care or nursing skilled to meet the caring needs of patients. Conclusion: Nursing workload is amount of time and care that a nurse performs (directly or indirectly) to patients, work setting, and professional development. Therefore, the whole time of nursing that nurses need to perform in both of nursing and non-nursing activities should be considered in the nursing workload measurement. By understanding the nursing workload, nurse managers can take appropriate action to improve nurses working conditions. In addition, the fair distribution of the nurse's workload will maximize their productivity.


Accepted: 10 June 2016 Water penetration from beneath of built structures on permeable soils causes uplift force along the contact of structure with foundation. This uplift force reduces hydraulic structure stability. Typically, these instabilities occur due to under-pressure development (uplift force), gradual inner degradation of foundation material (piping) or sand boil phenomenon. Thus, it seems necessary to calculate the pressure applied to the contact surface of the dam. One method for preventing piping phenomenon, reduction in exit gradient as well as decrease of uplift force beneath diversion dams includes implementation of weep hole. This study aims to study the effect of radius, depth and location of pipe drains under stilling basin upon how much uplift force decreases. The benefit of this study in agricultural field for soil and water engineers is to have a safe design of lined canals, weirs or diversion dams. To do this, numerical simulation of Tabriz diversion dam with Geo-Studio software was carried out. Results showed that application of drain pipe under the structure reduced uplift force respect to without drain under the structure. Increasing of drain radius; caused reduction of uplift pressure more but increased of seepage flow slightly. Installation of drain in upper part of stilling basin had a tendency to decrease uplift pressure more. Existence of drain near the stilling basin bottom caused in more reducing of uplift pressure than of installation of it in deeper depth.


IntroductionDemographic profiling is an important aspect of anonymised healthcare research to identify the population of interest. Typically, administrative data is used in conjunction with patient registers to create cohorts, but it can be a time consuming process. We describe a method using routinely collected health data to identify vulnerable populations.
Objectives and ApproachUsing existing longitudinal data and the Residential Anonymised Linking Field (RALF) we aim to identify institutions linked to vulnerable populations. We search for specific characteristics of these institutions including the age of occupants, number of current residents, and rate of change of occupants. We also aim to compare our method to a pseudonymised national registry for care homes to ensure it is accurate. This can effectively reduce the need for repeat pseudonymisation of institutions, which is both expensive and time consuming.
ResultsTo implement our method we found the most recent address for living individuals aged 65-95. This produced 202,640 residences from 1,330,335. Of the 202,640 residences, 1347 had four or more cohabitants aged 65-95, and 172 had exactly three residents with ten or more distinct individuals registered over a 10-year period. Our final synthetic dataset therefore had 1519 unique potential care homes to compare to the national registry, which contains 1525 registered care homes.
We can now link the synthetic dataset to individuals to flag their residential status, which may be a defining factor in their level of care. Furthermore, we can answer specific research questions relating to their residency, such as the time it takes to move to a care home following a hospital admission.
Conclusion/ImplicationsBy using quantifiable characteristics of care homes we were able to create a synthetic care home register by searching existing data. This is a reproducible process that would be of particular benefit for projects where a registry is not available, or where time or cost would limit the availability.


We critically examine Herbert Simon's 1967 essay, 'The business school: a problem in organizational design'. We consider this essay within the context of Simon's key ideas about organizations, particularly those closely associated with the 'Carnegie perspective' on organizations and how they influenced the reinvention of American business schools in the post‐Second World War era, and were deeply influenced by the post‐War context and also were appropriated by the Ford and Carnegie Foundations to reform business school teaching and research. We argue that management educators misappropriated Simon's concept of an intellectually robust and relevant research and educational agenda for business schools that has in part contributed to the intellectual stasis that now characterizes business education research and its capacity to inform management practice.


In her new exhibition, Azal, Shlomit Bauman shows a series of ceramic works that may be viewed as ontological hybrids crossing over conventional boundaries between art and design. The works possess deep symbolic and ideological meaning on various levels, among them political imagery; historical contexts of subjects and their exhibition; technological and craft processes of their creation; emphasis on the ceramic material itself - the terracotta clay composed with S5 and, finally, the contemporary fundraising process via the Internet. For an observer, who is well-versed in history, craft and methodology, the deeper he or she is immersed in the contemplation of these works, the greater he or she becomes aware of their un-categorising traits.


The United States has achieved unprecedented survival rates, as high as 98%, for casualties arriving alive at the combat hospital. Our military medical personnel are rightly proud of this achievement. Commanders and Servicemembers are confident that if wounded and moved to a Role II or III medical facility, their care will be the best in the world. Combat casualty care, however, begins at the point of injury and continues through evacuation to those facilities. With up to 25% of deaths on the battlefield being potentially preventable, the prehospital environment is the next frontier for making significant further improvements in battlefield trauma care. Strict adherence to the evidence-based Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) Guidelines has been proven to reduce morbidity and mortality on the battlefield. However, full implementation across the entire force and commitment from both line and medical leadership continue to face ongoing challenges. This report on prehospital trauma in the Combined Joint Operations Area?Afghanistan (CJOA-A) is a follow-on to the one previously conducted in November 2012 and published in January 2013. Both assessments were conducted by the US Central Command (USCENTCOM) Joint Theater Trauma System (JTTS). Observations for this report were collected from December 2013 to January 2014 and were obtained directly from deployed prehospital providers, medical leaders, and combatant leaders. Significant progress has been made between these two reports with the establishment of a Prehospital Care Division within the JTTS, development of a prehospital trauma registry and weekly prehospital trauma conferences, and CJOA-A theater guidance and enforcement of prehospital documentation. Specific prehospital trauma-care achievements include expansion of transfusion capabilities forward to the point of injury, junctional tourniquets, and universal approval of tranexamic acid.


The WEDSP32C high-performance, programmable digital signal processor supports 32-bit floating-point arithmetic and is upwardly compatible with its predecessor, the WEDSP32. Because it is implemented in 0.75- mu m (effective channel length) CMOS technology, the second-generation device achieves high functional density with low power consumption. The DSP32C offers the following features: 25-Mflop operation; 16-Mb/s serial-input and serial-output ports; a 160-bit, parallel I/O port for control and data transfer; interrupt facilities; single-instruction mu -law and A-law data conversions; single-instruction conversions between integers and floating-point data; a byte-addressable, on-chip memory that is extendable off chip; direct memory access to and from internal and external memory via parallel and serial I/O ports; 16 Mbytes of address space; and IEEE Std. 754 floating-point format conversion. The authors describe the DSP32C's instruction set, architecture, and application development tools. The latter includes an assembler, a simulator, an optimizing C compiler, and special-purpose hardware.<<ETX>>


Abstract– Infrared difference spectra with 4 cm−1 spectral resolution and 10‐u.s temporal resolution, obtained previously with a stroboscopic Fourier‐transform difference technique (Braiman et al., 1991, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 2388), were analyzed by means of a global exponential fitting procedure based on singular value decomposition. Using a simple linear kinetic model K → L → M for the bacteriorhodopsin (bR) photocycle in the time range10–1000 μ.s at 16.5°C, it was possible to generate bR → L and bR → M difference spectra with signal/noise ratios comparable to those obtainable with low temperature difference spectroscopy. The resulting time‐resolved bR → L and bR‐→ M difference spectra are both very similar to the corresponding static FTIR difference spectra obtained at 175 K and 250 K, respectively. In the bR → L spectrum, however, there are interesting differences that may indicate a greater degree of deprotonation of Asp‐96 when L is formed at physiological temperatures than when it is observed in a low‐temperature steady state.


In September 1922, after more than three years of war in Asia Minor, the Greek army was defeated by the Nationalist Turkish powers led by Mustafa Kemal. The atrocities from the part of the Turkish armed forces against the Christian populations of Asia Minor that followed the retreat of the Greek Army resulted in the death of hundreds of thousands of people as well as the destruction of many Christian properties. Moreover, hundreds of thousands of Greeks from Asia Minor, Pontus, and Eastern Thrace were forced to flee to Greece in order to protect themselves from Kemal's advancing Nationalist army. This article focuses on the various initiatives undertaken by the United States government and American charitable organizations, mainly the American Red Cross and Near East Relief, in order to relieve the victims of the Asia Minor Disaster. In this context, it is underlined that the United States showed the most tangible interest in that direction and that the American assistance during the first year after the Disaster helped save the lives of literally thousands of refugees.


The paper defends the usefulness of the postcolonial approach to the study of various processes in the postcommunist countries that belonged, for decades, to the inner and outer parts of the Soviet empire. The paper shows, in particular, how some developments in post-Soviet Ukraine can be better understood in the context of Russo-Soviet internal colonialism, and how Ukraine's thoroughgoing ambivalence and conspicuous regionalism result historically from different types of colonization of different regions. The paper insists, nonetheless, on a clear recognition of intrinsic limitations of the postcolonial approach, determined primarily by the absence of the racist component in Soviet imperialism – the component that is crucial for the classical (post)colonial situation and that makes it profoundly different from the Soviet one in terms of the complete exclusion / potential inclusion of subjugated peoples. In sum, all the usefulness of postcolonial theorizing for the analysis of the postcommunist world should not inhibit researchers from the recognition of its only partial and very conditional applicability, and of the need for due reservations, selfreflection and self-restrain.


Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. However, rectal GIST is rare, the incident rate of it is approximately 5% of all GISTs. Rectal GIST symptoms generally include bleeding and/or pain and occasionally, urinary symptoms. Immunohistochemical evaluation finds that most rectal GIST tumors are CD117 (KIT) positive, and are sometimes CD34, platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA), smooth muscle actin, S-100, or vimentin positive. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) classifies rectal GIST as very-low risk, low risk, intermediate risk, or high risk, and the frequencies have been estimated as 0-23.8% for very-low risk, 0-45% for low risk, 0-34% for intermediate risk, and 21-100% for high risk tumors. The first-line treatment for localized GIST is curative resection, but is difficult in rectal GIST because of anatomical characteristics such as the deep, narrow pelvis and proximity to the sphincter muscle or other organs. Several studies noted the efficacy of the minimally invasive surgery, such as trans-anal, trans-sacral, trans-vaginal resection, or laparoscopic resection. The appropriate surgical procedure should be selected depending on the case. Imatinib mesylate (IM) is indicated as first-line treatment of metastatic or unresectable GIST, and clinical outcomes are correlated with KIT mutation genotype. However, the KIT mutation genotypes in rectal GIST are not well known. In this review, as in other GISTs, a large proportion (59-100%) of rectal GISTs carry exon 11 mutations. Although curative resection is indicated for localized rectal GIST, a high rate of local recurrence is a problem. Multimodal therapy including perioperative IM may improve postoperative outcomes, contributing to anus-preserving surgery. Moreover, KIT mutation analysis before IM treatment is important. This review summarizes current treatment strategies for rectal GIST.


This report gives an overview of the social and political situation in Lebanon and in Syria, and discusses how the uprising in Syria could affect U.S. relations with Lebanon. Syria exerts a strong political influence on Lebanon and Syrian business interests remain prominent in the Lebanese economy. Both Lebanon and Syria have diverse societies where ethnic and sectarian groups compete and cooperate as they seek power within the confines of a rigid political system. Congress may review U.S. priorities and programs in relation to future U.S. policy in Lebanon.


The West Riding of Yorkshire was the largest of England's historic counties. This volume, the first of two for the area, covers the northern half of the territory from the outskirts of York to the edge of the Lake District. It is full of contrasts, from the urbanised landscape of the cities of Leeds, with its proud civic buildings by Cuthbert Brodrick, and Bradford, possessor of one of the finest collections of commercial warehouses in the country, to their hinterland of tightknit mill-towns and villages pushing into the Pennines. There can be found the highly distinctive houses of the seventeenth-century minor gentry, and the substantial yeoman farmers and clothiers. To the north-west are the still sparsely populated Yorkshire Dales - Ruskin's 'truly wonderful country', its beauties and curiosities admired by tourists since the eighteenth century. On the gentler eastern edge of the Pennines are the major survivals of the Cistercian Order: Fountains Abbey and Studley Royal, the nearby cathedral town of Ripon and spa town of Harrogate, and the opulently agricultural 'broad acres' beyond, forming part of the Vale of York, counting among its monuments the magnificent designed landscape of Bramham Park.


Microbiota
The human microbiota is a mixture of microorganisms that are maintained in symbiosis with the host. However, sometimes this symbiosis goes awry, causing pathogen outgrowth and disease. For example, periodically, Staphylococcus aureus emerges from the skin-resident microbiome as a disease-causing pathogen. Boldock et al. show that such irruptions can be mediated by particulate peptidoglycan (PTG) expressed from the cell walls of nonpathogenic (commensal) skin bacteria. PTG promotes S. aureus survival in innate immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils, and this facilitates systemic infection. This phenomenon is not mediated by established receptor pathways such as Nod1, Nod2, Myd88, or the NLPR3 inflammasome.

Nat. Microbiol. 3 , 881 (2018).


A simple reliable analytical method was developed to determine dolutegravir sodium, lamivudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in pharmaceutical effluents which are releasing into domestic water bodies by using reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet absorption detection. The proposed method was quite reproducible and sensitive enough to detect the compounds at less than 10 ppm level, which can replace the troublesome non-reproducible conventional analytical methods like UV-Visible spectrophotometric analysis or titrimetric analysis. A Reversed-Phase HPLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of dolutegravir sodium, lamivudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in effluents or pharmaceutical industry washouts. The separation was achieved on C18 symmetry C-18 column (250 × 4.6 mm i.d., 5.0 μm) using sodium dihydrogen phosphate with SDS as ion pair reagent having a pH of 2.0 as mobile phase A and acetonitrile and methanol as mobile phase B in gradient mode as mobile phase and at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Detection was carried out using a UV detector at 260 nm. The total chromatographic analysis time per sample was about 30.0 min with dolutegravir sodium, lamivudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate eluting at retention time of about 5.2 min for lamivudine, 11.0 min for dolutegravir sodium and 13.0 min for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity and sensitivity. Validation studies demonstrated that this HPLC method is accurate, specific, rapid, reliable and reproducible. Linearity was observed for dolutegravir sodium, lamivudine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in the concentration range of 0.05-7.5 μg/ml (R2 > 0.95), the Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) was found to be for 0.017 μg/ml and 0.053 μg/ml respectively for dolutegravir sodium, 0.016 μg/ml and 0.048 μg/ml for lamivudine and 0.018 μg/ml and 0.054 μg/ml for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, the method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The RSD for intra-day and inter-day precision were found to be less than 5%. The percentage recovery was in good agreement and the method is simple, specific, precise, and accurate for the determination of dolutegravir sodium, lamivudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in the pharmaceutical industry washouts.


Teachers can play a key role in identifying and supporting students with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In order to fulfill this important role, it is imperative for teachers to have explicit knowledge about ADHD. The overall aim of this study is to investigate teachers' knowledge and misconceptions of ADHD. Four hundred and twenty-nine (429) teachers participated. The Knowledge of Attention Deficit Disorder Scale (KADDS) along with a demographic questionnaire was used as the survey instruments to collect data. Descriptive statistics and correlation test were used to analyze the data. Results indicated that teachers' knowledge of ADHD was insufficient. Teachers' level of knowledge of ADHD was positively related to their prior training and experience with ADHD (i.e., the number of ADHD courses taken in college or graduate level, and the number of workshops pertaining to ADHD). Teachers' level of knowledge of ADHD also correlated positively with their level of confidence in teaching a student with ADHD. In spite of a few limitations, the results of this study are valuable for identifying areas where there is a misperception or lack of knowledge among teachers.


The oxygen free radical-induced lipid peroxidative reactions that occur during resuscitation from normothermic cardiac arrest may contribute to the degree of neurologic dysfunction sustained. A blinded, randomized experimental trial was performed to determine whether U74006F, a potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, reduces morbidity and 24-hour mortality after 10 minutes of normothermic cardiopulmonary arrest; ventricular fibrillation was induced by electrical stimulation in 24 open-chest, halothane-anesthetized dogs, and circulation was reestablished by direct cardiac compressions, administration of a standardized drug regime, and internal countershocks. When spontaneous circulation was restored, a bolus injection of 1.5 mg/kg U74006F (n = 12) or 25 mM citrate vehicle (n = 12) was infused intravenously in 15 minutes and an infusion was continued at 0.125 mg/kg/hr for the next 12 hours. In the drug-treated group, plasma U74006F concentration averaged 0.13 microgram/ml between 3 and 12 hours after cardiac arrest. By 24 hours after arrest, 10 of 12 (83%) vehicle-treated dogs had died but only four of 12 (33%) U74006F-treated dogs had died (p = 0.017). U74006F-treated dogs survived significantly longer (mean +/- SEM 22 +/- 1 hr) than vehicle-treated dogs (18 +/- 1 hr), with significantly better neurologic function 1, 2, and 24 hours after arrest. Plasma fatty acid hydroperoxide concentrations 12 hours after arrest were 88 +/- 81 pmol/ml in U74006F-treated and 241 +/- 49 pmol/ml in vehicle-treated dogs (p less than 0.05). Vitamin E concentrations were significantly higher in the plasma of U74006F-treated dogs 2, 3, and 6 hours after arrest compared with vehicle-treated dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


In this paper the authors present a novel power divider architecture intended to be used with the Suspended Strip Line (SSL) transmission line. The new antenna array systems, that are designed to work in the millimetre wave ranges, are suffering from the losses in their beam forming networks. In order to mitigate the losses one can use special types of transmission lines. One of them is the so-called Suspended Strip Line (SSL). In this paper the authors present a novel RF power divider intended to be used with the SSL. It uses the properties of the suspended stripline geometry in order to give the designer an increased number of degrees of freedom to achieve the desired power division ratio and a good input match. The advantages of the proposed geometry are compactness, good power handling, no need of any soldering or introducing lumped elements and the sole use of standard 50Ω lines.


Complement component C3d enhances the adaptive immune response to foreign antigens by simultaneously binding to the antigen and to complement receptor type 2 on B lymphocytes. Interaction with C3d requires the first two of 15 or 16 short consensus repeats (SCR) of CR2. Now Szakonyi et al. have determined the crystal structure of the SCR1 and SCR2 domains of human CR2 in complex with C3d at a resolution of 2.0 angstroms. The interface is between C3d and SCR2 and involves mostly main-chain interactions. The SCR domains form a V-shape with side-chain packing. This structure is likely to facilitate targeted drug design. G. Szakonyi, J. M. Guthridge, D. Li, K. Young, V. M. Holers, X. S. Chen, Structure of complement receptor 2 in complex with its C3d ligand. Science 292, 1725-1728 (2001). [Abstract] [Full Text]


Introduction: Pericoronitis is inflammation of the soft tissues surrounding the crown of a partially erupted tooth. Objective: To provide measurement of lower third molar angulation and determine relationship between mandibular third molar position and presence of pericoronitis. Material and methods: We studied 104 patients with lower third molar pericoronitis with clinical manifestations and measurement of lower third molar angulation. The mean age of patients was 25.7 years (range 18-35 years). Results: In this study was used the following statistical analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman's correlation coefficient (nonparametric version of the Pearson correlation coefficient) for measure of the linear correlation between two variables - pericoronitis and angulation of the lower third molars. The chi-square test was used to assesses case incidences. The level of significance was p<0.05. 36.04% of partially impacted mandibular third molars were mesioangular followed by the vertical (25.47%), horizontal (18.97%), distoangular (9.21%), buccal (5.42%) and lingual (3.79%) position. The lowest part of the mandibular third molars is located in the ramus of mandible (1.08%). The present study was found in relation to mesioangular, distoangular, vertical impaction and pericoronitis (p<0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that the position of lower third molar may be able to be associated with presence of pericoronitis.


Contemporary understanding of the provocation defense views the "loss of self-control" theory as the cornerstone of this partial excuse. In considering whether to reduce murder charges to manslaughter, juries and judges rely on this theory to determine if the defendant lost self-control after experiencing intense emotional arousal and if a reasonable person would have also likely lost self-control in similar circumstances. This Article questions this conventional wisdom by examining the various flaws embedded in provocation's loss of self-control theory. It argues that the theory is both overand underinclusive. It is overinclusive because it provides a basis for mitigation in cases where leniency is normatively unwarranted given policy considerations. It is also underinclusive because it only accommodates the typical reactions of angry defendants who manifest sudden impulsivity. It fails to help defendants who visibly appear calm and composed because their emotional arousal was triggered by a host of other emotions beyond anger—mostly fear, desperation, and hopelessness. This Article turns to psychological research on dual-process models to craft an alternative theory underlying the provocation defense. Drawing on these models' two modes of thinking, it contends that provoked killers' reactions may be understood as the result of emotions that shape actors' judgment and decision-making processes. The Article uses the term "impaired judgment" to refer to these situations. Acknowledging both the promises and the pitfalls of this alternate theory, the Article advances two arguments. First, it posits that the concept of impaired judgment is better suited than loss of self-control to support provocation's doctrinal framework. Second, it points to intrinsic limitations embedded in reliance on the loss of


Aspiring school leaders rarely emerge from their principal preparation programs fully ready for the challenges that await them as new administrators, with much evidence revealing the need for continued mentoring and professional development. The author developed graduate course content that taught students the knowledge, skills and dispositions of protégéship in a principal preparation program, encouraging them to develop a mentoring mindset. A framework for protégéship, derived from several sources in the mentoring literature, is described. The author required students to approach individuals to formally mentor them. Student responses to this assignment indicated their acknowledgement of mentoring needs, awareness of the need for preparation and recognition of the benefits of seeking a mentor. This research contributes to the thin region of literature on protégé preparation for mentoring. The protégéship framework and protégé preparation activities can be adapted for mentoring programs in the United States or internationally.


The optimization problem while committing the units is minimizing the entire production cost, at the same time meeting the demand and fulfilling the equality and inequality limits. In order to supply adequate power to the consumers in a cost-effective and secured way the commitment of thermal units is the best option available. The commitment of generating units is done depending upon the prediction of upcoming demand. For getting a way out to the unit commitment problem there are numerous conventional and advanced programming practices used. For solving the deterministic problem the conventional dynamic programming algorithm is employed. In this paper DP is used to solve the unit commitment problem. In this paper Particle swarm optimization technique is used which is population based global searching optimization technique to solve the unit commitment problem, for committing the units optimally. It is arrived from the exploration on the bird and fish flocking movement behavior. For the straightforward implementation of the algorithm it is extensively used and rapidly developed and few particles are needed to be attuned. An algorithm was developed to attain a way out to the unit commitment problem using Particle Swarm Optimization technique. The effectiveness of the algorithm was tested on two test systems. The first system comprising of three units and the second system is an IEEE 30-bus system and the attained results using the two methods are compared for total operating cost.


Sea cucumber fishing is not a traditional activity; however, a large number of coastal communities have developed a strong dependency on it as an alternative source of income. This paper reviews the worldwide population status, fishery, trade and management of sea cucumbers five regions, covering known sea cucumber fishing grounds: temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere; Latin America and the Caribbean; Africa and the Indian Ocean; Asia; and the Western Central Pacific. Together, the case studies provide a comprehensive and up-to-date evaluation of the global status of sea cucumber, constituting an important information source for researchers, managers, policy-makers and regional/international organizations interested in sea cucumber conservation and exploitation.


PURPOSE
Intermediate energy (1-2MV) x-rays have steeper depth dose drop-off and sharper penumbra than commonly used 6MV x-rays. Dosimetry benefits of these characteristics are studied on a robotic non-coplanar planning and delivery platform.

METHODS
Dose of 1MV and 6MV x-rays was calculated using the convolution/superposition algorithm with heterogeneity correction and Monte Carlo calculated dose kernels. The X-ray spectrum was adjusted to match depth dose curves of published data. Thirty noncoplanar beams were selected by a pricing approach from a candidate beam pool, which consisted of 1162 uniformly distributed non-coplanar beams minus beams leading to collision. The collision model was fit to individual treatment sites. Fluence optimization based on 5 mm MLC was performed after adding each beam. Identical objective functions for PTV and organs-at-risk (OARs) were employed in the 3 planning scenarios: 1 MV alone, 6 MV alone and the combination of 1 MV and 6 MV beams (1&6 MV) with the prescription dose covering 95% of the PTV. Four representative cases from the following anatomical sites were included in the study: head and neck, partial breast, lung and liver.

RESULTS
1 MV and 1&6 MV plans provided superior OAR sparing for head, liver, partial breast and lung cases while maintaining the same PTV coverage. Compared with 6 MV plan, 1 MV plans reduced the integral dose by 25%, 23%, 19% and 9% for lung, breast, head and liver cases respectively. The plan quality of 1&6 MV plans, which primarily was slightly superior to that of the 1MV only plans.

CONCLUSION
The dosimetric drawbacks of intermediate energy x-rays are higher skin doses and shallower penetration when few of them are used on a coplanar platform but these drawbacks were effectively overcome on a highly non-coplanar treatment planning platform, where its advantages of normal tissue sparing and sharp penumbra are manifested.


Title of Document: THE CASE FOR DEGREE COMPLETION: AFRICAN AMERICAN TRANSFER STUDENTS AT A TRADITIONALLY WHITE INSTITUTION Toyia K. Younger, Doctor of Philosophy, 2009 Directed By: Dr. Sharon Fries-Britt, Associate Professor Department of Education Leadership, Higher Education and International Education The purpose of this dissertation was to identify and understand the factors that contribute to the degree completion of African American transfer students at a traditionally White institution. Through qualitative methods and a case study design, the current study provides an examination of the educational journey of thirteen, African American recent college graduates. Using semi-structured individual interviews, data from the participants were collected, transcribed, and analyzed drawing from several major theoretical perspectives on college student persistence. Variables examined included interactions with faculty and with peers, racial experiences on campus, and support services offered to transfer students by the institution. Findings indicated that African American transfer students identified strong support networks, confidence in their ability to learn, intrinsic motivation and having clear educational goals as factors which contributed to their degree completion at a traditionally White institution. Implications for campus policies and practices, as well as recommendations for future research are presented.


This paper looks at the relationship between migration between developing countries – or countries of the global 'South' – and processes of human development. The paper offers a critical analysis of the concept of South-South migration and draws attention to four fundamental problems. First, there is no clear definition of the boundaries between 'South' and 'North' and different organisations place different countries in different categories. Second, migration systems tend to cut cross such boundaries, wherever they are place. Third, there is no analytical basis for distinguishing between 'South' and 'North'; hence there is no rationale for assuming that South-South migration should be any different from South-North or North-North migration. Fourth, the available definitions of South and North change over time, creating difficulties for any longitudinal analysis. Having highlighted these problems, the paper then gives a broad overview of the changing patterns of migration in developing regions, with a particular focus on mobility within the African continent. It outlnes some of the economic, social and political drivers of migration within poor regions, noting that these are also drivers of migration in the rest of the world. It also highlights the role of the state in influencing people's movements and the outcomes of migration. The paper highlights the distinctive contribution that migration within developing regions makes to human development in terms of income, human capital and broader processes of social and political change. The paper concludes that the analysis of migration in poorer regions of the world and its relationship with human development requires much more data than is currently available. This should focus on understanding the role of migration (and mobility) in the lives of the poor. It is important to develop a much more sophisticated analysis of the differences in migration patterns across the world than that which can be achived by simply dividing the world into crude blocks of 'South' and 'North'.


We analyze the trading book of a key market maker in the European unsecured money market and study the extent to which liquidity risks accumulated by this market maker affect his pricing of liquidity and the bid/ask spread he quotes on unsecured borrowing and lending. We find that the larger the funding liquidity risk assumed by the market maker is, the higher the market price for liquidity. Furthermore, his bid/ask spread and the sensitivity of his bid/ask spread to the maturity of the transaction increases as his assumed liquidity risk rises. Our findings have two important implications: First, we document that the funding constraints and funding risks of market makers affect market liquidity in line with Gromp and Vayanos (2004) and Brunnermeier and Pedersen (2009) also in the unsecured money market. Second, we document that the retained liquidity risks of money market makers led to an economically significant rise in the unsecured to secured money market rates and contributed to the dry-up of this market in 2007/2008.


A number of multivariate statistical techniques such as Principal Component Analysis, Factor Analysis, Discriminant Analysis, Cannonical Analysis and Multidimensional Scaling have so far been applied to the study of development. Some of these applications are examined and it is suggested that a new technique known as 'Cluster Analysis' can be used more effectively than the previous ones for analysing the nature and process of development. As an illustration, the technique is applied to group 108 countries on the basis of 120 socioeconomic indicators. The selected countries are also ranked on various social and economic scales by using the Wroc1aw Taxonomic Method and the results provide a lot of important information about the structure of world development.


Overdependency on ground water resources for meeting the daily water demand in Dhaka City is leading to excessive pressure on ground water aquifer systems and is deepening the ground water table every year. This paper focuses on how reuse of grey water generated from different sources of domestic purposes every day can alter the considerable daily water demand in this city. Sampling and characterization of grey water was accomplished according to different types of residential sources such as water from brushing, bathing, floor washing and laundry. In Dhaka City, household average grey water generation is 85 L per capita per day, which is 60% of the total waste water generated in a house in a day. After reclamation, this grey water can be reused for toilet flushing, gardening, car washing and fire fighting, which can play a crucial role of meeting city water demand since reusable grey water generation is around two times greater than the total demand of water for those purposes. During characterization, emphasis was given to the determination of basic parameters like pH, turbidity, colour, solid content, bio-chemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total coliform (TC) and faecal coliform (FC). Among all the grey water sources, laundry water was found to be the most contaminated. Aesthetic quality of grey water is another issue of public acceptance.


A major goal of positive behavior support (PBS) is to produce broad-based, long-term improvements in adaptive behavior; however, the empirical base, at present, is mainly composed of relatively short-term studies carried out in circumscribed contexts. Therefore, a need exists for reliable data that can inform the field regarding the comprehensive lifestyle effects of PBS implementation in natural community contexts over extended periods of time. The current investigation was conducted to provide a descriptive analysis of PBS with diverse participants and broad measurement strategies over multiple years. Using extensive data portfolios for 21 participants, we employed rating scales to quantify changes in key variables from baseline through 2 years of intervention. The data revealed variable levels of intervention integrity, generalized reductions in problem behavior with occasional relapses, and encouraging enhancements across six domains of quality of life. This study represents an initial attempt to understand the processes and outcomes of behavioral support by documenting behavioral patterns across full days, entire years, and all environments. We discuss the need to consider new conceptual and methodological frameworks for further study of efficacious and sustainable behavior support.


Mexico's political, social, and economic landscapes have shifted in very striking ways in recent years, and the country now moves cautiously into the twenty-first century. The Course of Mexican History has been updated and revised to address these remarkable transformations. This eighth edition offers a completely up-to-date, lively, and engaging survey from pre-Columbian times to the present. For this new edition, the authors have streamlined the text, making it more concise and readable without diluting its broad scope. The book now features an updated section evaluating the presidency of Vicente Fox from 2000 to 2006 and a sixteen-page color insert that vividly illustrates the links between Mexico's history and arts. It also includes 200 photos and drawings, thirteen maps for ease of reference, and an appendix listing all Mexican heads of state, from Tenoch through Fox. The leading textbook in its field, The Course of Mexican History is indispensable for students of Mexican history, politics, economics, and culture.


Despite their professed multiculturalism, educated Americans find it hard to imagine that others do not share their liberal values. Does not everyone love their children and want peace? The author of the article, a Tolstoy scholar and student of Russian culture, discusses topics—war, revolution, and what one scholar has called "secular kenosis"—that mark radical differences between Russians and Americans. He then describes a debate between Tolstoy and Dostoevsky over whether morality demands military intervention when a barbarous regime practices widespread torture and massacre. The two novelists pose the issues in ways that shed light on a question still relevant today.


This paper first considers the challenges of urban mobility faced by developing cities, before exploring the role for policy in improving connectivity. In Section 2, this paper looks at options for policymakers in meeting growing demand for private transport in cities through the management of supply and demand. Section 3 considers the trade-offs associated with regulation of, and investments in, different public transport systems.


While very few of us can boast a shoe collection to rival that of Imelda Marcos, it's difficult to deny the mood-enhancing effect of a shiny new pair of shoes. And when a woman goes shoe-shopping, whether for skyscraper heels or wear-with-anything ballet flats, she's spoilt for choice. Cult Shoes is a lavishly illustrated exploration of the world's top shoe brands and designers, from Manolo Blahnik to Melissa, Camper to Clarks, and from the eighteenth century to the present day. Fashion journalist Harriet Walker selects 30 famous names that have an enduring appeal or command a devoted following, and recounts the history of each brand and its most iconic designs, among them the scarlet leather Repetto pumps immortalized by Brigitte Bardot in 1956 in - And God Created Woman and Terry de Havilland's multicoloured wedges, which have adorned the feet of celebrities since the late 1960s. A must-have for any shoe fanatic, the book also includes a concise illustrated introduction to the history of footwear, and short features on key personalities and lesser-known but influential brands.


In this paper, we describe the isolation and biodegradation activity of microorganisms on low density polyethylene. The microorganisms were collected from plastic materials with evidence of deterioration from a landfill. The samples were filtered and selected in a mineral salts medium at pH 5.5 and 7 for bacteria and fungi respectively. Six strains were isolated, identified as Pseudomonas sp. Hyalodendron sp., Penicillium sp. and Rhodotorula sp. Microbial activity was evidenced by changes in the infrared spectrum of polyethylene with respect to the polymer without treatment. Reduction of carbonyl index (83.89% at pH 7 and 4.08% at pH 5.5) and double bonds index (19.77% at pH 7 and 6.47% at pH 5.5) were observed. Finally we determined the percentage of weight lost by the polyethylene subjected to activity of the strains, with a decrease of 5.4% at pH 7 and 4.8% at pH5, 5.


Background: Helicobacter pylori is the causative organism for chronic active gastritis, duodenal ulcer and also for malignancies like gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. It is essential to mention the presence of H. pylori in gastric biopsies as it has an important role in patient care. Though there are several special stains to detect H. pylori in histological sections, their specificity and sensitivity vary greatly. Immunohistochemically H. pylori can be detected by using anti H. pylori antibody, which reacts with somatic antigens of the whole bacteria. The aim of this study was to compare the reliability of routine hematoxylin and eosin (H and E), Giemsa, Warthin-Starry (WS) silver stain and immunohistochemical technique in diagnosing H. pylori. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective 1-year (2009) study, endoscopic gastric biopsies taken from patients during gastrointestinal-endoscopy with histopathological diagnosis of gastritis were studied. Standard H and E staining was performed on 5-μm-sections from paraffin block of each specimen. Microscopic sections of biopsy specimens of patients showing features of gastritis histopathologically in routine H and E stain and where the presence of H. pylori was suspected were also stained with Giemsa, WS, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) using purified polyclonal H. pylori antiserum (BioGenex). We have not included gastric resection specimens in our study. Results: Of the 29 cases, 26 (32.9%) showed presence of H. pylori on H and E, Giemsa and WS stains, whereas 49 (62.0%) cases demonstrated H. pylori on IHC stain. Conclusion: We conclude that H. pylori detection by IHC has advantage over routine H and E staining. However, in the developing countries with financial constraints, routine H and E staining in combination with special staining are fairly reliable in demonstrating H. pylori.


We understand critical thinking to be purposeful, self-regulatory judgment which results in interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference, as well as explanation of the evidential, conceptual, methodological, criteriological, or contextual considerations upon which that judgment is based. CT is essential as a tool of inquiry. As such, CT is a liberating force in education and a powerful resource in one's personal and civic life. While not synonymous with good thinking, CT is a pervasive and self-rectifying human phenomenon. The ideal critical thinker is habitually inquisitive, well-informed, trustful of reason, openminded, flexible, fair-minded in evaluation, honest in facing personal biases, prudent in making judgments, willing to reconsider, clear about issues, orderly in complex matters, diligent in seeking relevant information, reasonable in the selection of criteria, focused in inquiry, and persistent in seeking results which are as precise as the subject and the circumstances of inquiry permit. Thus, educating good critical thinkers means working toward this ideal. It combines developing CT skills with nurturing those dispositions which consistently yield useful insights and which are the basis of a rational and democratic society.


The Two Pragmatisms - From Peirce to Rorty maps the main movements within the pragmatist tradition. Two distinct forms of pragmatism are identified, that of Peirce and that of the `second' pragmatism stemming from James' interpretation of Peirce and seen in the work of Dewey and above all Rorty. Both the influential work of Rorty and the way in which he has transformed contemporary philosophy's understanding of pragmatism are clearly explained. The Two Pragmatisms - From Peirce to Rorty is essential reading for those interested in the history of this increasingly influential movement, whether first-time philosophers or more advanced readers.


Big data systems are gathering more and more information in order to discover new values through data analytics and depth insights. However, mining sensitive personal information breaches privacy and degrades services' reputation. Accordingly, many research works have been proposed to address the privacy issues of data analytics, but almost seem to be not suitable in big data context either in data types they support or in computation time efficiency. In this paper we propose a novel privacy-preserving cosine similarity computation protocol that will support both binary and numerical data types within an efficient computation time, and we prove its adequacy for big data high volume, high variety and high velocity.


This work describes the effectiveness of a curriculum on first semester, first professional year pharmacy students' ability to identify and demonstrate professionally specific caring behaviours. A one group, pre-post, quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the application skills of students when provided patient case situations through use of a Professional Caring Behaviour Survey (PCBS). The PCBS was administered at baseline and at course end. An improvement in mean score from 24.65 to 27.54 was observed at (t=7:768; p < 0:001). The instrument was also administered to second, third and fourth year pharmacy students who had not received this learning design. The mean scores achieved for each academic cohort year (1st = 24.68; 2nd = 24.96; 3rd = 24.26; 4th = 24.31) were not significantly different (one-way ANOVA: p = 0.551; reliability = 0.71): This work suggests that explicit teaching of caring behaviours is necessary if we expect students to recognise and consider these behaviours as preferred when progressing through their professional education program.


The Moisture Sock, developed by Allsebrook Brown, is for the treatment of problem dry skin on feet. This patented concept is a latex sock coated on the inside with a moisturising cream. Wearing the sock causes the foot to warm up, the pores of the skin to open, allowing the feet to absorb more moisturiser. Taylor's responsibility was to design packaging for the concept geared towards the beauty/cosmetics market. Her initial work was to understand the target market and the proposed brand image, then incorporate the identity into the sock product and it's packaging to ensure coherent communication. Because the inventor of Moisture Sock, was unfamiliar with design methods and language, Taylor used a 'keyword card sort' exercise she had developed, building upon human-centred design research undertaken previously with naive design clients, to develop a corporate brand for Tagish: www.tagish.co.uk) This uses 'Explorer Cards' as a pragmatic and rapid approach to elicit responses from stakeholders in intangible areas such as perception, feelings and emotions. The Cards were a powerful visual embodiment of the research stage for the design project. The process for the Tagish stakeholders allowed them to express their viewpoints openly and creatively and enjoy the interactions they generated. These were then developed into a full range of corporate communication products. Taylor also adjusted the card sort technique with Allsebrook to generate a 'target customer persona', giving the project team a clear picture of the anticipated end user. Taylor's work as a new researcher in the CfDR has used design commissions as vehicles to develop tools to facilitate human-centred problem solving in interaction design contexts.


Analysis of genomes has a wide range of applications from disease susceptibility studies to plant breeding research. For example, di↵erent types of barley have di↵ering characteristics regarding draught or salt tolerance. Thus, a typical use case is comparing two plant genomes and try to deduce which genes are responsible for a certain resistance. For this, we need to find di↵erences in large volumes of aligned genome data, which is already available in large genome databases. The challenge is to eciently retrieve the genotypes of a certain range of the genome, and then, to determine variants and their impact on the plant organism. State-of-the-art tools are fixed pipelines with a fixed parametrization. However, in practice, users want to interactively analyse genome data and need to customize the parametrization. In this demonstration, we show how we can support flexible ad-hoc analyses of arbitrary plant genomes using SQL with a small set of user-defined aggregation functions and dynamic parametrization. Furthermore, we demonstrate how genome analysis workflows for variant calling can be applied to our system and provide insights about the performance of our system.


Entanglement distillation is a physically feasible operation which helps to partially or completely eliminate noise-induced decoherence in the distribution of entangled states. In this paper, we investigate the two-copy and single-copy distillation of an amplitude-damped continuous variable two-mode squeezed vacuum state. We consider local squeezing as one of the important tools [Phys. Rev. A84, 062309 (2011)] to enhance distillation. Our result is twofold. First, we show that local squeezing is useful to improve the distillation of two-copy interference-based distillation. Second, we show single-copy photon subtraction-based distillation is more efficient in providing more entangled outputs. However, such an advantage would diminish and two-copy distillation could succeed with much higher probability of success for a fixed amount of distilled entanglement.


Summary and Conclusion
1.
Thirty-nine male Puerto Rican veterans ranging in age from twenty-four to fifty-nine years, and suffering from schistosomiasis mansoni were treated with a trivalent antimony compound, antimony lithium thiomalate, better known as Anthiomaline. The patients were hospitalized during treatment and for follow-up study. Thirty-eight individuals received the same amount of the drug, that is, 3 cc. of the solution (30 mgs. of antimony, every other day for a total of ten injections, containing 300 milligrams of antimony). One other case received a total of 60 cc. Anthiomaline, divided in two courses of 30 cc. each, the second course being administered five months after the first.
2.
In twenty-two patients the stools were free of ova prior to the completion of treatment. Dead ova were detected in the stools at the end of therapy in three other cases. Stool examination remained negative for ova in thirty-eight of the thirty-nine individuals studied, during a period of one to three weeks following completion of treatment.
3.
Follow-up studies beginning one month and extending to seventeen months after completion of treatment were performed in thirty cases. Twenty of these (66.6 per cent) had positive stools for Schistosoma ova and in ten other cases (33.3 per cent) no ova were detected. Ten patients complained of recurrence of gastrointestinal disturbances one to seventeen months after treatment.
4.
Toxic manifestations occurred in fifteen of the thirty-nine individuals treated. These were never severe and in no instance they warranted interruption of treatment.
5.
We wish to emphasize the importance of follow-up examination of the stools at frequent intervals in the final evaluation of any drug employed in the treatment of schistosomiasis mansoni.
6.
Anthiomaline, when given in one course of 30 cc. to thirty-eight individuals, and in the amount of 60 cc. to another case, is not a very efficient drug in the treatment of mild, asymptomatic or moderately severe chronic infections with Schistosoma mansoni, as determined by the presence of ova in the stools.


The Irradiance Collection and Reporting System (ICRS) contains an instrumentation package attached to an 81-mm mortar airframe to create a dynamic target platform to evaluate the effectiveness of high-energy laser (HEL) directed energy weaponry. At the airframe's midbody is a self-powered Multifunctional Instrumentation and Data Acquisition System module that contains onboard inertial sensors and a telemetry system. An interconnected, separate, front cylindrical irradiance sensor module contains an array of hundreds of miniature fiber-optic detectors along its surface that connect to custom imager electronics inside to detect and measure HEL irradiance spot profile data. Analysis of the materials and coatings against HEL exposure were verified to ensure survivability of the telemetry system components and ICRS hardware. Extensive modeling and simulation were validated by several laboratory experiments conducted at U.S. Army facilities. Captive experiments with a 50-kW laser were also performed to assess the survivability and performance.


Flying platforms, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are a promising solution for future small cell networks. UAVs can be used as aerial base stations (BSs) to enhance coverage, capacity and reliability of wireless networks. Also, with recent advances of self interference cancellation (SIC) techniques in full-duplex (FD) systems, practical implementation of FD BSs is feasible. In this paper, we investigate the problem of resource allocation for multi-small cell networks with FD-UAVs as aerial BSs with imperfect SIC. We consider three different scenarios: a) maximizing the DL sum-rate; b) maximizing the UL sum-rate; and finally c) maximizing the sum of UL and DL sum-rates. The aforementioned problems result in non-convex optimization problems, therefore, successive convex approximation algorithms are developed by leveraging D.C. (Difference of Convex functions) programming to find sub-optimal solutions. Simulation results illustrated validity and effectiveness of the proposed radio resource management algorithms in comparison with ground BSs, in both FD mode and its half-duplex (HD) counterpart. The results also indicate those situations where using aerial BS is advantageous over ground BS and reveal how FD transmission enhances the network performance in comparison with HD one.


Due to its high spatial resolution and excellent water penetration, coastal light detection and ranging (LiDAR) coupled with multispectral imaging (MSS) has great promise for resolving shoreline features in the Great Lakes. Previous investigations in Lake Superior documented a metal‐rich "halo" around the Keweenaw Peninsula, related to past copper mining practices. Grand Traverse Bay on the Keweenaw Peninsula provides an excellent Great Lakes example of global mine discharges into coastal environments. For more than a century, waste rock migrating from shoreline tailings piles has moved along extensive stretches of coast, damming stream outlets, intercepting wetlands and recreational beaches, suppressing benthic invertebrate communities, and threatening critical fish breeding grounds. In the bay, the magnitude of the discarded wastes literally "reset the shoreline" and provided an intriguing field experiment in coastal erosion and spreading environmental effects. Employing a combination of historic aerial photography and LiDAR, we estimate the time course and mass of tailings eroded into the bay and the amount of copper that contributed to the metal‐rich halo. We also quantify underwater tailings spread across benthic substrates by using MSS imagery on spectral reflectance differences between tailings and natural sediment types, plus a depth‐correction algorithm (Lyzenga Method). We show that the coastal detail from LiDAR and MSS opens up numerous applications for ecological, ecosystem, and geological investigations.


An experiment was conducted to evaluate the decrease in grain moisture content in three maize hybrids in Debrecen in 2017. Armagnac, Sushi and Loupiac were the examined hybrids in this study. The culture medium and temperature conditions were applied uniformly for all three hybrids. According to the results obtained from the ratio of moisture content of seeds per day, the Armagnac variety in the intensive drying down phase loses more time and moisture content, so it can be concluded that the produced dry matter is more than in the case of other varieties. Armagnac requires more time to achieve yield, while the Sushi and Loupiac hybrids produce less harvest. Regarding the slope of the regression line, the rate of loss of moisture in the grain has been negatively correlated with the amount of "b" in the three examined hybrids. In regression analysis, the coefficient of explanation showed that the effect of day in the Armagnac was 97% in the Loupiac, 95% and in the Sushi 90% of the total dynamic value of moisture motion.


Malathion is an organophosphate pesticide which is widely used in agriculture, veterinary and industries. Oxidative stress has been identified as one of Malathion's main molecular mechanisms of action in plasma, liver, pancreas, muscles and the brain. Green tea (Camellia sinensis), which is the most common drink across the world after water, has many antioxidant properties. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of Malathion on the liver and the preventive effects of green tea on Malathion-induced poisoning. Seventy-two Wistar male rats were randomly divided into the control, the sham, and the experimental groups (receiving respectively 40 mg/kg of Malathion; 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of green tea; and 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of Malathion and green tea respectively). All injections were performed intraperitoneally for 14 consecutive days. On the 15th day, blood samples were taken from the hearts of the rats to measure serum level of hepatic enzymes, and their liver tissues were removed to be studied. To do the statistical analysis One-way ANOVA test and Duncan's test at the 5% significance level were used. aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Total Oxidation Capacity(TOC) concentrations in the treatment groups with Malathion and green tea extract at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg doses showed a significant decline compared to the Malathion group(p<0.05), whileTotal Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) level showed a significant increase with various doses of green tea and Malathion compared to the Malathion group (p<0.05). Green tea, probably due to its strong antioxidant properties, could improve the destructive effects of Malathion on the rat liver.


Branch & Cut is today's state-of-the-art method to solve 0/1-integer linear programs. Important for the success of this method is the generation of strong valid inequalities, which tighten the linear programming relaxation of 0/1IPs and thus allow for early pruning of parts of the search tree. In this paper we present a novel approach to generate valid inequalities for 0/1IPs which is based on Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs). BDDs are a datastructure which represents 0/1-vectors as paths of a certain acyclic graph. They have been successfully applied in computational logic, hardware verification and synthesis. We implemented our BDD cutting plane generator in a branch-and-cut framework and tested it on several instances of the MAX-ONES problem and randomly generated 0/1-IPs. Our computational results show that we have developed competitive code for these problems, on which state-of-the-art MIP-solvers fall short.


An unusual group of more than 100 earthquakes is located ∼600 km beneath the North Fiji Basin in the southwest Pacific Ocean. These earthquakes are attributed to seismicity within detached segments of the subducted Australian plate. One of these detached slab segments has collided with, and now impinges on, the subducted Pacific plate at a depth of ∼500 km. The region in the mantle where the two slab segments meet is also characterized by an unparalleled abundance of large-magnitude (Mw >7.0) earthquakes for this depth. The folded shape of the Pacific slab beneath Fiji, as well as the abundance of earthquakes, is interpreted to result from deformation and deformation-enhanced phase transformations as the two slabs collide and settle on the 660 km discontinuity. Detachment of the slab segments is interpreted to have occurred at ca. 5 Ma, but collision between the eastern segment and the west-dipping Pacific slab is interpreted to have occurred at ca. 4 Ma, coincident with initial opening of the overriding Lau Basin.


Introduction: There is minimal evidence on outpatient physiotherapy programs for children with asthma. Aims: To examine whether physiotherapy improves asthma control and breathing dysfunction in children with asthma. Method: We reviewed casenotes of all children with asthma who were referred, over a 12 month period, for a structured physiotherapy program of diaphragmatic and nasal breathing techniques at rest and with activity. The child or parent completed an asthma control test (ACT) and Nijmegen score (a validated measure of breathing dysfunction) before and after the program. We excluded children who dropped out of the program, and analysed separately those whose medication was changed during the intervention. Results: Of 48 eligible children (aged 6 to 17), 37/48 had no medication changes during the program. 30/37 completed ACT questionnaires before and after the program. Poor asthma control (ACT 19 or less) was reported by 20/30 (67%) children initially, and 10/30 (33%) after the program. 20/30 children (67%) demonstrated significant improvement in their ACT (a change of ≥3 points). 35/37 children completed Nijmegen scores before and after the program. 18/35 (51%) children had breathing dysfunction (Nijmegen score>20) before and 5/35 (14%) afterwards. 11/48 children had medication changes as well as physiotherapy. 10/11 (91%) had poor asthma control initially, and 4/11 (36%) afterwards. 5/11 (45%) had breathing dysfunction before and 1/11 (9%) afterwards. Conclusion: Our observational study suggests that physiotherapy can improve asthma control and breathing dysfunction in children with asthma. An RCT examining a structured outpatient physiotherapy program for children with asthma is warranted.


Extracted from text ... Moneyweb's PERSONAL FINANCE July 2006 7
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An interdisciplinary exploration of the sensory experiences invited and explored by textual and material products of the medieval period. What was it like to experience the medieval world through one's senses? Can we access those past sensory experiences, and use our senses to engage with the medieval world? How do texts, objects, spaces, manuscripts, and language itself explore, define, exploit, and control the senses of those who engage with them? This collection of essays seeks to explore these challenging questions. To do so is inevitably to take an interdisciplinary and context-focused approach. As a whole, this book develops understanding of how different fields speak to one another when they are focused on human experiences, whether of those who used our sources in the medieval period, or of those who seek to understand and to teach those sources today. Articles by leading researchers in their respective fields examine topics including: Old English terminology for the senses, effects of the digitisation of manuscripts on scholarship, Anglo-Saxon explorations of non-human senses, scribal sensory engagement with poetry, the control of sound in medieval drama, bird sounds and their implications for Anglo-Saxon sensory perception, how goldwork controls the viewing gaze, legalised sensory impairment, and the exploitation of the senses by poetry, architecture, and cult objects.


Background Special incidents are harmful events that can result in people's death or injury. Despite registering special incidents' data in Iran, no study has yet been conducted to identify the types, rates, mortality and morbidity of such incidents and their associated factors. The present study was conducted to assess the epidemiology of incidents and their associated factors during 2014 in Iran. Methods In this cross-sectional study, all special incidents of 2014 were examined. Data were initially collected by universities of medical sciences nationwide and then sent to the Disaster and Emergency Management Center in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The collected data were analyzed in this study using statistical tests of Chi-square and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS ver. 14.5. Results Out of 6,892 special incidents that occurred during 2014 in Iran, 6,781 cases were included, of which, the most prevalent were traffic crashes (71%), carbon monoxide poisoning (14%), drowning (3.5%), and other cases (11.5%) (which included suspicious deaths, explosions, group poisoning, quarrels, fires, falls from height, and building collapses). The incidents led to 37,313 injuries and 3,259 deaths, of which 78% of injuries and 75% of deaths were due to road traffic incidents. Conclusion Given to relationship between occurrence of the incidents and special holidays; such incidents can be reduced through preventive planning and education. We recommend annual monitoring of special incidents and further studies on the associated factors.


From the study of ancient surgical text Sushruta samhita, it becomes evident that the urological problems form an important part of medical sciences. This article reviews the various concept of Mutraghata in Brihattrayi regarding its classification, symptomatology, etiological factors, pathology, and its complications. In present an attempt to made a sincere effort to acquaint the reader with the wealth of knowledge available in Ayurvedic literature on the important subject of Mutraghat. Mutraghata is one of the most common and distressing disease among the group of urinary disorder. The 12 types of Mutraghata are classified in to three categories for easier understanding of the subject and also to aid in approaching a patient of Mutraghata where in the principles of differential diagnosis has to be applied. The first category is based on the Neurogenic disturbances of the bladder and the types that can be included under this are – Vatakundalika, Vata Basti and Mutrajathara. The second category with the symptomatology of Obstructed flow of urine, Increased frequency of urination, Sense of incomplete voiding etc. has the Bastikundalika, Mutragranthi, Mutrotsarga and Ashteela types.
The third category is termed as "Others", where the types included are – Mutrakshaya (Anuria), Ushnavata (Haematuria), Mutoukasada (Abnormal colourisation of urine), Vidvighata (faecum passed per uretherum) & Mutrashukra (Retrograde flow of semen) can be interpreted as close to the conditions provided in the brackets. Mutraghata is a condition in consequence with some kind of Obstructive Uropathy either mechanical or functional; related either to upper or lower urinary tract resulting in to either partial or complete retention of urine as well as Oliguria or Anuria. For the easier understanding of the subject, it is an attempt to compile the various concept of Mutraghata scattered in Brihattrayi and correlate them with modern urinary disorders.


The remarkable practical success of deep learning has revealed some major surprises from a theoretical perspective. In particular, simple gradient methods easily find near-optimal solutions to non-convex optimization problems, and despite giving a near-perfect fit to training data without any explicit effort to control model complexity, these methods exhibit excellent predictive accuracy. We conjecture that specific principles underlie these phenomena: that overparametrization allows gradient methods to find interpolating solutions, that these methods implicitly impose regularization, and that overparametrization leads to benign overfitting, that is, accurate predictions despite overfitting training data. In this article, we survey recent progress in statistical learning theory that provides examples illustrating these principles in simpler settings. We first review classical uniform convergence results and why they fall short of explaining aspects of the behaviour of deep learning methods. We give examples of implicit regularization in simple settings, where gradient methods lead to minimal norm functions that perfectly fit the training data. Then we review prediction methods that exhibit benign overfitting, focusing on regression problems with quadratic loss. For these methods, we can decompose the prediction rule into a simple component that is useful for prediction and a spiky component that is useful for overfitting but, in a favourable setting, does not harm prediction accuracy. We focus specifically on the linear regime for neural networks, where the network can be approximated by a linear model. In this regime, we demonstrate the success of gradient flow, and we consider benign overfitting with two-layer networks, giving an exact asymptotic analysis that precisely demonstrates the impact of overparametrization. We conclude by highlighting the key challenges that arise in extending these insights to realistic deep learning settings.


Nascent transcripts in permeabilized HeLa cells were elongated by approximately 30-2,000 nucleotides in Br-UTP or biotin-14-CTP, before incorporation sites were immunolabelled either pre- or post-embedding, and visualized by light or electron microscopy. Analogues were concentrated in approximately 2,100 (range 2,000-2,700) discrete sites attached to a nucleoskeleton and surrounded by chromatin. A typical site contained a cluster (diameter 71 nm) of at least 4, and probably about 20, engaged polymerases, plus associated transcripts that partially overlapped a zone of RNA polymerase II, ribonucleoproteins, and proteins rich in thiols and acidic groups. As each site probably contains many transcription units, these results suggest that active polymerases are confined to these sites, which we call transcription 'factories'. Results are consistent with transcription occurring as templates slide past attached polymerases, as nascent RNA is extruded into the factories.


Predictive models in which neuroimage features serve as predictors and a clinical variable is modeled as the outcome are good candidates for clinical application because (1) they can exploit dependencies between predictor variables and thus potentially explain more variability in the outcome than a mass univariate approach, and (2) they allow inference at the individual level, such that a prediction can be obtained for a new individual whose data was not used to train the model. This dissertation proposes methods for neuroimaging prediction models that not only aim for predictive accuracy, but also seek interpretability and potential insight into the underlying pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders.

In the first part of this dissertation we propose the fused sparse group lasso penalty, which encourages structured, sparse, interpretable solutions by incorporating prior information about spatial and group structure among voxels. We derive optimization steps for fused sparse group lasso penalized regression using the alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm. With simulation studies, we demonstrate conditions under which fusion and group penalties together outperform either of them alone. We then use fused sparse group lasso to predict continuous measures from resting state magnetic resonance imaging data using the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange dataset. In the second part of this dissertation we use fused sparse group lasso to predict age from multimodal neuroimaging data in a sample of cognitively normal adults aged 65 and older. In general, we show how the incorporation of prior information via the fused sparse group lasso penalty can enhance the interpretability of neuroimaging predictive models while also yielding good predictive performance.

Public health significance: Psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's present a large public health burden. As of yet, there have been relatively few translations of basic neuroscience findings to clinical applications in psychiatry. Prediction models using neuroimaging data can potentially help clinicians with diagnosis and prediction of prognosis and treatment response. Establishing interpretable neuroimaging-based biomarkers can improve our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric disorders and suggest approaches for prevention and treatment.


This paper draws on the findings of three evaluations, two Hospitals and a Mental Health Trust in England, on the implementation of Lean within Health Care. The paper analyses the case studies not only to assess if the approach taken was process or continuous improvement but also to evaluate the degree to which conditions of readiness related to Lean were present. Organisational readiness factors include understanding of the process/system view, customer view, data and engaging the staff to ensure that Lean is not just about making poor processes more efficient by focusing on the tools. The paper introduces a typology of Lean implementation which could be used to situate organisations to understand their relationship between the approach taken and, the state of the conditions of readiness thus the level of sustainability which could be achieved.


Dramatis Personae (in order of appearance): Faith is a farmer in California who receives water from a project operated by the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR), an agency of the U.S. government. Her 320-acre farm was established by her parents 40 years ago, on arid land they bought in anticipation of the federal government's building that water project to capture, store, and deliver water to irrigate the farm and others like it. For most of the last four decades, in years of normal and wet precipitation, Faith has received 1600 acre-feet of water to irrigate cotton. In drought years, she has received less, and in a couple of extremely dry years she has received no water. Over the most recent several years, however, the government has taken steps, mandated by a suite of federal and state laws (most prominently, the federal Endangered Species Act), to restore some semblance of aquatic health to the river system that supplies water to Faith and other farmers. These steps have led the BOR to interrupt delivery of water to Faith more often than previously in years of less-than-normal precipitation. Faith has filed a claim for compensation. This conversation assumes that Faith can claim a legal interest in a surface water right under the California state law of prior appropriation for the water used to irrigate her farmland. Frank is a government lawyer representing the project that delivers water to Faith. Rodger is Faith's lawyer.


The standard measures of distress risk ignore the fact that firm defaults are correlated and that some defaults are more likely to occur in bad times. The paper uses risk premium computed from corporate credit spreads to measure a firm's exposure to systematic variation in default risk. Unlike previously used measures that proxy for a firm's physical probability of default, credit spreads proxy for a risk-adjusted default probability and thereby explicitly account for the non-diversifiable component of distress risk. In contrast to prior findings in the literature, the authors find that stocks that have higher credit risk premia, that is stocks with higher systematic default risk exposures, have higher expected equity returns. Consistent with structural models of default, they show that the premium to a high-minus-low systematic default risk hedge portfolio is largely explained by the market factor. The authors confirm the robustness of these results by using an alternative systematic default risk factor for firms that do not have bonds outstanding. The results show no evidence of firms with high systematic default risk exposure delivering anomalously low returns.


Background. Psychiatric disorders and being overweight are major health problems with increasing prevalence. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that being overweight is associated with a range of psychiatric conditions including minor and atypical depressive disorders, binge eating, and aggression. Method. Prospective community-based cohort study of young adults (n=591) followed between ages 19 and 40. Information derived from six subsequent semi-structured diagnostic interviews conducted by professionals over twenty years. Outcomes were being overweight [body-mass index (BMI)>25] and average yearly weight change between ages 20 and 40 (BMI slope). Results. 18·9% of the participants were classified as being overweight. Being overweight turned out to be a stable trait: 77·7% of subjects were assigned to the same weight class at each interview. Atypical depression and binge eating were positively associated with both, increased weight gain and being overweight, while psychiatric conditions associated with aggressive behaviors (aggressive personality traits, sociopathy) were positively associated with being overweight, but were not related to the rate of weight change. Generalized anxiety disorder was negatively associated with overweight. These results persisted after controlling for substance use, levels of physical activity, demographic variables and family history of weight problems. Conclusions. This study shows relatively strong associations between eating-related and aggressive psychopathology and being overweight. Given the high prevalence rates of these conditions, this study encourages further research on the causality of psychopathology-overweight associations that might provide insight on novel preventive approaches for major health problems.


A variety of environmental education practices are emerging to address the needs of an increasingly urban population. Drawing from social-ecological systems and social learning theory, we propose a conceptual framework to stimulate research questions in urban environmental education. More specifically, our conceptual framework focuses on environmental education programs that are nested within and linked to community-based stewardship or civic ecology practices, such as community forestry, streamside restoration, and community gardening. It suggests ways in which educational programs, stewardship practice, and other social-ecological system components and processes interact through feedback loops and other mechanisms, as well as means by which urban environmental education might lead to local ecosystem services and human and community well-being. Human and community outcomes may in turn result in pressure to change environmental policies.


Centre for Urban Research on Austerity (CURA)
Interdisciplinary Research Partnerships Fund
Proposal

 The 'migrant children schooling crisis': examining the intersection between
media framing, neoliberalism and schooling (Leicestershire)
The pilot project aims to address tensions identified with the 'migrant children
schooling crisis' as it is portrayed in the media and the challenges this brings to local
authorities and schools who have to place and educate 'migrant children'. This is an
intersectional study between the media framing of neoliberalism, framing of tensions
within the education sector and the reality of how local authorities and schools deal
with those tensions.

 The project investigates this by undertaking a frame analysis of newspapers
(2015-2018), interviewing local authority advisors, Executive Head of MATS, Chair of
Governors, school Teachers and Head Teachers and is based in Leicestershire.
The project aligns with CURA's strategic focus on developing interdisciplinary,
cross-faculty research partnerships involving education, media and politics. The
project has the potential to expand the reach by engaging with psychology looking at
building resilience within schools, depending on the findings from this pilot study.
The study is aimed at reducing inequalities in society (UNSDG 10) by devising
strategies and tools to survive in the age of austerity.

 Rationale
The project examines neoliberal policies and practices embraced in the process of
economic and social changes in the UK over the last three years (2010-2018) and
the impact on the country's education system, particularly on the compulsory
education of transnational migrant children who relocate from Europe and rest of the
world to the UK with their parents. The challenges within the school system are
significant given how the education system is entrenched within a neoliberalism
political agenda and framing of 'migrant children' within a broader discourse of
immigrant and Brexit. The 'common-sense' (Freire, 1970a; Harvey, 2005) narrative
fed by the conceptual apparatus (state and its agencies) although is constructed and
shaped by the neoliberal policies, in reality, that does not necessarily always help
overcome the cognitive barriers both in relation to practice and reception within the
classroom. Evidence (Spencer, 2011) suggests media plays an active role in
shaping and reshaping this debate in the public sphere, with hostile articles on
'migrant children swamping UK schools' but not accepting diversity as a pillar for
development. On the other hand, schools are expected to play a vital role in
developing community cohesion. The polarised and politicised media framing,
therefore, inhibits certain stereotypes that in the long-run may have a detrimental
impact on, not only, teaching and learning within schools, but on enforcing
community cohesion.

 The project further benefits from the interdisciplinary collaboration with health and

 mental health research here at DMU


Abstract
One of the causes of death in rheumatoid patients is cord compression following atlanto-axial subluxation. Dislocations in the cervical spine are common with patients who have rheumatoid arthritis. Anterior subluxation occurs in up to 35%, followed by vertical subluxation in 22.2%, lateral subluxation in 20.6% and rarely posterior subluxation. A case report is presented to illustrate such a complication.