Cyclin D1 plays a critical role in regulating cell-cycle progression. Gene amplification and protein overexpression of cyclin D1 have been detected in breast cancer but little is known concerning whether these changes occur in normal breast tissue and in breast lesions associated with increased risk of development of invasive breast cancer. We looked for cyclin D1 gene amplification and protein overexpression in 30 cases of benign breast disease (16 epithelial hyperplasias without atypia and 14 atypical ductal hyperplasias) and 18 ductal carcinomas in situ by use of differential PCR and immunohistochemical staining. We compared the resulting frequencies to those in 15 cases of normal breast tissue and 17 invasive ductal carcinomas. We found cyclin D1 gene amplification in 15% of those with normal breast tissue, 19% of those with epithelial hyperplasia without atypia, 27% of those with atypical ductal hyperplasia, 35% of those with ductal carcinoma in situ, and 25% of those with invasive ductal carcinoma; corresponding figures for protein overexpression were 13, 13, 57, 50, and 64%. These results suggest that cyclin D1 amplification and protein overexpression can occur before histologic alterations are seen but that the frequencies of these changes are higher in histologic lesions with cellular atypia (atypical hyperplasia and ductal carcinoma in situ), reaching frequencies similar to those observed in invasive carcinoma.


Most chondritic materials experienced diverse styles of secondary alteration resulting in formation of hydrous and anhydrous oxygen-bearing minerals—silicates, oxides, and carbonates (phyllosilicates, magnetite, calcite, dolomite, breunnerite, ferrous olivine, hedenbergite, wollastonite, grossular, monticellite, forsterite, andradite, nepheline, sodalite) (Brearley 2003, 2005 and references therein). Petrographic, mineralogic, oxygen and short-lived isotope systematics (26Al-26Mg, 53Mn-53Cr, 129I-129Xe) suggest that alteration occurred in the presence of aqueous solutions under variable physico-chemical conditions (temperature, water:rock ratio, pH, f O2, and fluid compositions) in an asteroidal setting; it started within 1–2 m.y. after formation of the CV CAIs, was multistage, and lasted up to 15 m.y. (Krot et al. 2006 and references therein). Here we review bulk O-isotopic compositions of chondritic materials, O-isotopic compositions of secondary minerals produced during asteroidal alteration, and possible effects of fluid-assisted thermal metamorphism on O-isotopic exchange in primary, high-temperature minerals (melilite and anorthite) in the CV and CO CAIs. The implications of these data for understanding temperatures of alteration, water:rock ratios, and oxygen isotopic composition of water, that probably accreted into chondrite parent bodies in the form of ice, are discussed. The inferred or measured O-isotopic composition of the meteoritic water is close to the terrestrial fractionation line (Δ17O = ±2‰); it is very different from the inferred O-isotopic compositions of the Sun [Δ17O ~ −25‰] (Clayton 2002; Yurimoto and Kuramoto 2004; Hashizume and Chaussidon 2005; Lyons and Young 2005), suggesting significant evolution of O-isotopic composition of the gaseous reservoir in the inner protoplanetary disk over its short (~3–5 m.y.) life time.


Purpose: Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are a heterogeneous entity of neoplasms with poor prognosis, a lack of effective therapies, and a largely unknown molecular pathology. Deregulated NF-κB activity has been associated with several lymphoproliferative diseases, but its importance in T-cell lymphomagenesis is poorly understood. We investigated the function of the NF-κB–inducing kinase (NIK), in this pathway and its role as a potential molecular target in T-cell lymphomas. Experimental Design: We used immunohistochemistry to analyze the expression of different NF-κB members in primary human PTCL samples and to study its clinical impact. With the aim of inhibiting the pathway, we used genetic silencing of NIK in several T-cell lymphoma cell lines and observed its effect on downstream targets and cell viability. Results: We showed that the NF-κB pathway was activated in a subset of PTCLs associated with poor overall survival. NIK was overexpressed in a number of PTCL cell lines and primary samples, and a pivotal role for NIK in the survival of these tumor cells was unveiled. NIK depletion led to a dramatic induction of apoptosis in NIK-overexpressing cell lines and also showed a more pronounced effect on cell survival than inhibitor of kappa B kinase (IKK) knockdown. NIK silencing induced a blockage of both classical and alternative NF-κB activation and reduced expression of several prosurvival and antiapoptotic factors. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that NIK could be a promising therapeutic target in these aggressive malignancies. Clin Cancer Res; 19(9); 2319–30. ©2013 AACR.


According to a desire-satisfaction theory of well-being, the satisfaction of one's desires is what promotes one's well-being. Against this, it is frequently objected that some desires are beyond the pale of well-being relevance, for example: the desire to count blades of grass, the desire to collect dryer lint and the desire to make handwritten copies of War and Peace, to name a few. I argue that the satisfaction of such desires – I call them "quirky" desires – does indeed contribute to a desirer's well-being, when (and only when) the desirer is able to provide what Anscombe calls a desirability characterization of the object of the desire. One successfully provides such a characterization when one is able to describe the object of desire in such a way as to make comprehensible to others what she sees as positive, worthy of pursuit, in that object. To make the case, I consider common desires such as the desires to take a walk on the beach, drink a beer or listen to music. I argue that, although the well-being relevance of such common desires normally is not questioned, their satisfactions contribute to well-being just in case the same condition is met. I then argue by analogy with common desires that quirky desires are also relevant to well-being just in case that condition is met. After sketching this solution to the problem of quirky desires, I show that this response is better than other responses that have been given by desire theorists. I then develop several aspects of this account in response to objections that can be raised against it. Among these (to name a few) are the objection that my account does not apply to the well-being of infants and other inarticulate persons; the objection that intrinsic desires, such as for pleasure, cannot be given desirability characterizations; and the objection that desirability characterizations must advert to pleasure or to objectively good properties of the object of desire, so that my account reduces either to hedonism or to an objective view of well-being.


BACKGROUND AND METHODS
There are few data on the relative effectiveness and costs of treatments for low back pain. We randomly assigned 321 adults with low back pain that persisted for seven days after a primary care visit to the McKenzie method of physical therapy, chiropractic manipulation, or a minimal intervention (provision of an educational booklet). Patients with sciatica were excluded. Physical therapy or chiropractic manipulation was provided for one month (the number of visits was determined by the practitioner but was limited to a maximum of nine); patients were followed for a total of two years. The bothersomeness of symptoms was measured on an 11-point scale, and the level of dysfunction was measured on the 24-point Roland Disability Scale.

RESULTS
After adjustment for base-line differences, the chiropractic group had less severe symptoms than the booklet group at four weeks (P=0.02), and there was a trend toward less severe symptoms in the physical therapy group (P=0.06). However, these differences were small and not significant after transformations of the data to adjust for their non-normal distribution. Differences in the extent of dysfunction among the groups were small and approached significance only at one year, with greater dysfunction in the booklet group than in the other two groups (P=0.05). For all outcomes, there were no significant differences between the physical-therapy and chiropractic groups and no significant differences among the groups in the numbers of days of reduced activity or missed work or in recurrences of back pain. About 75 percent of the subjects in the therapy groups rated their care as very good or excellent, as compared with about 30 percent of the subjects in the booklet group (P<0.001). Over a two-year period, the mean costs of care were $437 for the physical-therapy group, $429 for the chiropractic group, and $153 for the booklet group.

CONCLUSIONS
For patients with low back pain, the McKenzie method of physical therapy and chiropractic manipulation had similar effects and costs, and patients receiving these treatments had only marginally better outcomes than those receiving the minimal intervention of an educational booklet. Whether the limited benefits of these treatments are worth the additional costs is open to question.


We propose a novel approach to point matching under large viewpoint and illumination changes that are suitable for accurate object pose estimation at a much lower computational cost than state-of-the-art methods. Most of these methods rely either on using ad hoc local descriptors or on estimating local affine deformations. By contrast, we treat wide baseline matching of key points as a classification problem, in which each class corresponds to the set of all possible views of such a point. Given one or more images of a target object, we train the system by synthesizing a large number of views of individual key points and by using statistical classification tools to produce a compact description of this view set. At run-time, we rely on this description to decide to which class, if any, an observed feature belongs. This formulation allows us to use a classification method to reduce matching error rates, and to move some of the computational burden from matching to training, which can be performed beforehand. In the context of pose estimation, we present experimental results for both planar and non-planar objects in the presence of occlusions, illumination changes, and cluttered backgrounds. We show that the method is both reliable and suitable for initializing real-time applications.


In 2020, Draw Me a Pixel released There Is No Game, a game that playfully engages with the concept of the metagame and its varied meanings to examine the relationship between developers, games, and their audiences. The game has much in common with other metagames released during the boom and bust cycle of the indie game market in terms of its themes and playful attitude toward its players. Like many of these games, it features an antagonistic narrator, who, upon launching the game, announces that there is no game. The concept of a game resistant to play has become a recurring theme in many metagames that critique industry pressures, trends, and players' playful resistance to designed experiences. This article examines There Is No Game's use of hypermediacy (as a feature of both its narrative and design) to deliver its critique of the industry, while offering insight into its own development. More than simply breaking the fourth-wall, hypermediacy becomes the instigator for critical reflection and is used to highlight the challenges faced by indie developers and the material conditions in which games are made. Yet, unlike its predecessors that share this critique, There Is No Game offers an optimistic perspective on the future of the industry.


The project work focus as on the Pyrolysis process of thermal degradation of carbonaceous materials extracting oil from solid waste biomass like Cashew nut shell in the absence of oxygen. In this process temperatures are fixed between 150oC and 650oC. The oil obtained from cashew nut shell biomass was then blended with Bio diesel (Jatropha) and Diesel in five different ratios. Bio oil blends CPO10 (10%CPO oil +10% Bio diesel+80% Diesel), CPO20 (20%CPO oil +10% Bio diesel+70% Diesel), CPO30 (30%CPO oil +10% Bio diesel+60% Diesel), CPO40 (40% CPO oil +10% Bio diesel+50% Diesel) and CPO50 (50%CPO oil +10% Bio diesel+40% Diesel) are prepared with the given volume. Blending of oil is mixing from mechanical stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm for 10 min. The properties of these blends were analyzed such as flash point, fire point, density, viscosity, calorific value and the FTIR analysis was done using all these blends. The performance and emission characteristics of the blends were analyzed by running in IC engine. Among the five samples, the best sample CSO10 was very close to the properties of diesel fuel. The performance shows, that brake thermal efficiency is slightly increased to CSO10 fuel and increased specific fuel consumption and lower exhaust gas temperature. Emissions show that considerable reductions for the smoke, and CO emissions, HC emissions and Nox are slightly increased when compared to diesel fuel. To overcome the usage of diesel fuel these CSO blends of pyro oil can be used without any modification in the diesel engine.


Children form a very special part of the society defined by specific social, economic, psychological and legal status features. The importance of this part, which before long will form the potential of the whole society, is beyond doubt. The understanding of such importance, the inherent duty to take care of those weaker and to protect their interests necessitate to take measures in order to ensure appropriate protection of the rights of children. The principle tool provided for by the government for the protection of the less secure and more vulnerable members of the society is the law. With the ratification by the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child on 3 July 1995, Lithuania committed itself to ensuring that the rights children were regulated in conformity with the Convention. The implementation of this commitment is reflected in the adoption of the laws which define the legal status of the child. The entry into force of the 2000 Civil Code resulted in an essential change in the regulation of the subjectivity of the legal status of the child. Practical application of the new legal provisions makes it possible to evaluate their effectiveness and assess their advantages and imperfections, it highlights problems and the necessity to look for the ways of their resolution. The author presents an overview of the changes undergone by the legal status of the child, the newly established aspects of the subjectivity of the legal status of the child, and the mutual rights and obligations of the subjects participating in the newly regulated relationships, as well as the important problems which have emerged during the first two years in the application of the Civil Code. Legal capacity is acquired at birth. The Marriage and Family Code, which was in effect until 2000, did not provide for the rights of minor children. Children's rights were considered derivative from the rights of their parents. The Civil Code establishes that a child may be the subject of legal property and non-property relations and stipulates that children acquire such rights pursuant to the law. Property rights of parents and children are separated. Parents perform the duty to educate, maintain their children and look after them, as well as to ensure the necessary conditions for their normal development by taking use of their personal property but not the property of their children; upon the maturity of their children, the parents not acquire the right of subrogation to the their children's property. The Civil Code provides for the implementation of children's property and nonproperty rights by their representatives exclusively upon the best interests of the child. In dealing with the issues of the protection of the rights of the child, the provisions of the law of real rights and the law of obligations are applied in conjunction with the provisions of the family law, with the priority being given to those norms which protect and safeguard the rights of the child.


Background: Trichomoniasis is a common Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) and the most common curable one. Methodology: This was cross sectional, prospective, total coverage hospital based study. It aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors of the Trichomoniasis among the laboring Sudanese women at Omdurman New Hospital Khartoum-Sudan, from September 2012 to April 2013. Data were obtained, entered and analyzed using soft word package program for social science (SPSS) version 17. Results: The prevalence of Trichomoniasis is 6.8%. It was found that the awareness about the infection is very low only 35%. Diabetes and history of sexual transmitted infections are the risks seen among the study cases. Preterm labor was seen significantly. Conclusion: Syndromic management of all women with abnormal vaginal discharge is important since it causes reproductive morbidity.


Electronic Health Record (EHR) phenotyping utilizes patient data captured through normal medical practice, to identify features that may represent computational medical phenotypes. These features may be used to identify at-risk patients and improve prediction of patient morbidity and mortality. We present a novel deep multi-modality architecture for EHR analysis (applicable to joint analysis of multiple forms of EHR data), based on Poisson Factor Analysis (PFA) modules. Each modality, composed of observed counts, is represented as a Poisson distribution, parameterized in terms of hidden binary units. Information from different modalities is shared via a deep hierarchy of common hidden units. Activation of these binary units occurs with probability characterized as Bernoulli-Poisson link functions, instead of more traditional logistic link functions. In addition, we demonstrate that PFA modules can be adapted to discriminative modalities. To compute model parameters, we derive efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) inference that scales efficiently, with significant computational gains when compared to related models based on logistic link functions. To explore the utility of these models, we apply them to a subset of patients from the Duke-Durham patient cohort. We identified a cohort of over 16,000 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) based on diagnosis codes and laboratory tests out of our patient population of over 240,000. Examining the common hidden units uniting the PFA modules, we identify patient features that represent medical concepts. Experiments indicate that our learned features are better able to predict mortality and morbidity than clinical features identified previously in a large-scale clinical trial.


The fabrication of rib waveguides in SiGe using the local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) was investigated. Samples consisted of strained Si/sub .97/Ge/sub .03/ or Si/sub .94/Ge/sub .06/ waveguiding layers with silicon cladding layers. The structural stability of these strained layers during thermal cycling up to 1050/spl deg/C was examined using X-ray rocking curve analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Nomarski microscopy of etched samples. Since single SiGe layers sufficiently thick to support optical waveguiding are typically above the equilibrium critical thickness, dislocation formation during high-temperature processing is unavoidable. This work concentrated on minimizing these dislocations. It was found that the dislocation density induced by the processing can be minimized by using a strain-compensating mask layer as a barrier to oxidation. For a specified thermal oxide layer thickness, higher oxidation temperatures were found to minimize the dislocation density relative to oxidation at temperatures closer to the metastable limit. Furthermore, the large birefringence found in all strained-layer SiGe waveguides is significantly reduced after LOGOS processing. These effects were used to fabricate the first reported optical waveguides and photonic devices in SiGe using standard VLSI-type processing. The device is a 1.3/1.55-/spl mu/m duplexer with wavelength isolation of roughly 10 dB.


Deep learning has recently been enjoying an increasing popularity due to its success in solving challenging tasks. In particular, deep learning has proven to be effective in a large variety of computer vision tasks, such as image classification, object recognition and image parsing. Contrary to previous research, which required engineered feature representations, designed by experts, in order to succeed, deep learning attempts to learn representation hierarchies automatically from data. More recently, the trend has been to go deeper with representation hierarchies. Learning (very) deep representation hierarchies is a challenging task, which involves the optimization of highly non-convex functions. Therefore, the search for algorithms to ease the learning of (very) deep representation hierarchies from data is extensive and ongoing. In this thesis, we tackle the challenging problem of easing the learning of (very) deep representation hierarchies. We present a hyper-parameter free, off-the-shelf, simple and fast unsupervised algorithm to discover hidden structure from the input data by enforcing a very strong form of sparsity. We study the applicability and potential of the algorithm to learn representations of varying depth in a handful of applications and domains, highlighting the ability of the algorithm to provide discriminative feature representations that are able to achieve top performance. Yet, while emphasizing the great value of unsupervised learning methods when labeled data is scarce, the recent industrial success of deep learning has revolved around supervised learning. Supervised learning is currently the focus of many recent research advances, which have shown to excel at many computer vision tasks. Top performing systems often involve very large and deep models, which are not well suited for applications with time or memory limitations. More in line with the current trends, we engage in making top performing models more efficient, by designing very deep and thin models. Since training such very deep models still appears to be a challenging task, we introduce a novel algorithm that guides the training of very thin and deep models by hinting their intermediate representations. Very deep and thin models trained by the proposed algorithm end up extracting feature representations that are comparable or even better performing than the ones extracted by large state-of-the-art models, while compellingly reducing the time and memory consumption of the model.


For the past 50 years since the seminal agenda-setting study, scholars have continued to make strides in understanding the
 importance mass communication plays in public opinion formation. Although scholars have measured both first- and second-level
 agenda setting often using open-ended response, more close-ended measures might assist in measuring the theory, adding to the rich
 data. This experimental study directly compared open-ended responses shown to gauge an agenda-setting effect with close-ended
 responses to enhance the assessment of both first- and second-level agenda setting. The findings identified close-ended scales,
 including news salience, social salience, personal salience, and feelings salience, that add to the precision of measuring the
 salience of issues and attributes, indicating we have alternative measures to gauge agenda setting.


The vastly different incidence and mortality rates from coronary heart disease (CHD) experienced by genetically similar groups which have migrated around the world have convinced many of us that CHD is clearly related to environmental factors 1. At the top of the list of environmental factors are diet and exercise and their products, obesity and diabetes. Yet mathematical reductionism has reduced the discussion on CHD prediction to age, sex, lipid profile, arterial blood pressure and cigarette smoking 2. The roles of diet, exercise, obesity and diabetes are factored out by this equation. As a consequence, life style factors are frequently ignored or even forgotten in the prevention and treatment of heart disease.


The research began by examining professions, both historically and as they are today. It went on to investigate the nature of professional practice and professional competence. In particular, it attempted to throw fresh light on how professional competence is acquired and maintained. The research consisted of an extensive literature study and empirical work which included in- depth interviews with practitioners from 20 different professions. This was followed by a series of larger-scale postal surveys across six of these. The chosen professions ranged from traditional ones, including the Church, the Bar and Medicine, to newer professional-type occupations, such as Training, Personnel Management and Information Technology Consultancy. A total of 80 people were interviewed and a further 372 completed survey questionnaires. Following a review of existing models of competence, a new, 'provisional model of professional competence' was developed. This drew on a number of earlier models and related concepts, and was influenced by both reflective practitioner and competence based approaches to professional development. The new model was exposed to expert and academic criticism through a series of conference and journal papers, comments being received from a total of 70 people. The model was also tested empirically, after which a revised version was developed. The empirical stage of the research had a number of strands, in addition to being used for testing the model. It examined the nature of modem professions and tested the validity of certain characteristics traditionally associated with professions - altruism, autonomy, self- regulation, etc. It also examined the nature of professional practice and tested the validity of two competing epistemologies - 'technical-rationality' and 'knowing-in-action' (reflective practice). It investigated how professional competence is acquired, examining the contribution made by both formal development programmes and various kinds of informal experience to which practitioners are exposed. It sought to identify the conditions and environments that are important to professional learning, especially in early practice. Finally, it looked at how professionals maintain their competence through personal learning and continuing professional development (CPD). Both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed throughout. Analysis of results led to the identification of 12 general learning processes or 'learning mechanisms'. These formed the basis of a taxonomy which was used to classify the range of informal learning experiences and events reported by respondents. Outputs from the research included: "a new model of professional competence; "a taxonomy of informal professional learning methods; "a proposed new (or modified) epistemology of professional practice; "a proposed new paradigm of professional development, together with a linked self- development paradigm; an exemplar professional development model; and "a number of practical suggestions for improving professional development programmes. The research has contributed to knowledge by throwing new light on the nature of both professional practice and professional competence, and providing insights into the ways in which people become effective in their professional roles


Background Clinical trials and meta‐analyses have suggested that aspirin may be effective for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (proximal deep‐vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) after total hip or total knee arthroplasty, but comparisons with direct oral anticoagulants are lacking for prophylaxis beyond hospital discharge. Methods We performed a multicenter, double‐blind, randomized, controlled trial involving patients who were undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty. All the patients received once‐daily oral rivaroxaban (10 mg) until postoperative day 5 and then were randomly assigned to continue rivaroxaban or switch to aspirin (81 mg daily) for an additional 9 days after total knee arthroplasty or for 30 days after total hip arthroplasty. Patients were followed for 90 days for symptomatic venous thromboembolism (the primary effectiveness outcome) and bleeding complications, including major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (the primary safety outcome). Results A total of 3424 patients (1804 undergoing total hip arthroplasty and 1620 undergoing total knee arthroplasty) were enrolled in the trial. Venous thromboembolism occurred in 11 of 1707 patients (0.64%) in the aspirin group and in 12 of 1717 patients (0.70%) in the rivaroxaban group (difference, 0.06 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], ‐0.55 to 0.66; P<0.001 for noninferiority and P=0.84 for superiority). Major bleeding complications occurred in 8 patients (0.47%) in the aspirin group and in 5 (0.29%) in the rivaroxaban group (difference, 0.18 percentage points; 95% CI, ‐0.65 to 0.29; P=0.42). Clinically important bleeding occurred in 22 patients (1.29%) in the aspirin group and in 17 (0.99%) in the rivaroxaban group (difference, 0.30 percentage points; 95% CI, ‐1.07 to 0.47; P=0.43). Conclusions Among patients who received 5 days of rivaroxaban prophylaxis after total hip or total knee arthroplasty, extended prophylaxis with aspirin was not significantly different from rivaroxaban in the prevention of symptomatic venous thromboembolism. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01720108.)


A solo exhibition by Johanna Love.

Flowers Gallery is pleased to announce the 24th edition of Artist of the Day, a vital West End exhibition programme selected by leading contemporary artists since 1983. The fast-paced, revolving two week exhibition schedule provides a platform for a selected group of artists, each presenting a one day solo exhibition at Flowers Gallery's Mayfair location, with a programme of events taking place each day.

DAY EIGHT: Johanna Love selected by Rebecca Salter RA. A one day exhibition will be held from 11am - 7pm at Flowers Gallery, Cork Street, London.

One of the first things that interested me about Johanna's work was the way she constructs complex images through both print and drawing that offers us multi-layered, visually sophisticated traces of the past.

Johanna has always had a sensitive and thoughtful interest in history. Her most recent body of work continues to explore ideas around the materiality of memory and to capture the fleeting, delicate layers of detritus that form and coat surfaces. The capturing and preservation of family memories and the distortion and fallibility of oral history, incubate within this work as sort of hidden layer or mark scored on the surface.

- Rebecca Salter


Nutritional factors, especially the protein and fat content of the diet, may change pancreatic morphology after ethanol induced injury. This study was performed to delineate the combined effects of a low fat diet and longterm ethanol ingestion on the rat pancreas. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained with five different diets for 12 weeks and the pancreas removed on the day they were killed. Rats fed a very low fat diet without ethanol (5% of total calories as lipid) developed malnutrition, pancreatic steatosis, and reduction in zymogen granules content. Animals fed a 35% lipid diet with ethanol also developed pancreatic steatosis but changes in zymogen granules content were not detected. Both malnutrition and longterm ethanol consumption increased pancreatic cholesterol ester content, and their effects were additive. Pancreatic steatosis was accompanied with hypercholesterolaemia. Amylase, lipase, and cholesterol esterase content were reduced in malnourished rats; but longterm ethanol ingestion, regardless of the nutritional state, increased lipase content and decreased amylase. It is suggested that high serum cholesterol concentrations and increased pancreatic lipase activity could cause accumulation of cholesterol esters in acinar cells. Fat accumulation in the pancreas has been reported as the earliest histopathological feature in alcoholic patients and may be responsible for cytotoxic effects on the acinar cells at the level of the cell membrane. Although it is difficult to extrapolate results in this animal study to the human situation, the results presented in this work might explain the higher incidence of pancreatitis is malnourished populations as well as in alcoholic subjects that is reported in dietary surveys.


At the 1989 Smithsonian Folklife Festival, throngs of visitors gathered on the National Mall to celebrate Hawai'i's multicultural heritage through its traditional arts. The ""edu-tainment"" spectacle revealed a richly complex Hawai'i few tourists ever see and one never before or since replicated in a national space. The program was restaged a year later in Honolulu for a local audience and subsequently inspired several spin-offs in Hawai'i. In both Washington, D.C., and Honolulu, the program instigated a new paradigm for cultural representation. Based on archival research and extensive interviews with festival organisers and participants, this innovative cross-disciplinary study uncovers the behind-the-scenes negotiations and processes that inform the national spectacle of the Smithsonian Folklife Festival. Intersecting the fields of museum studies, folklore studies, Hawaiian studies, performance studies, cultural studies, and American studies, American Aloha supplies a nuanced analysis of how the carefully crafted staging of Hawai'i's cultural diversity was used to serve a national narrative of utopian multiculturalism--one that collapsed social inequities and tensions, masked colonial history, and subordinated indigenous politics--while empowering Hawai'i's traditional artists and providing a model for cultural tourism that has had long-lasting effects. Heather Diamond deftly positions the 1989 program within a history of institutional intervention in the traditional arts of Hawai'i's ethnic groups as well as in relation to local cultural revivals and the tourist industry. By tracing the planning, fieldwork, site design, performance, and aftermath stages of the program, she examines the uneven processes through which local culture is transformed into national culture and raises questions about the stakes involved in cultural tourism for both culture bearers and culture brokers.


Mishaps with jack-up oil rigs could be caused by scour beneath their legs as they oscillate vertically, either on site or when being shifted to or from site. This action was replicated in the laboratory by moving cylindrical feet to and from a sandy bed at frequencies appropriate to the scale of the model. By retaining equal Reynolds numbers for the sand grains, whose size was commensurate with prototype material, the period of oscillation had to vary with the leg diameter. By adopting a suitable size scale, a range of periods was determined from knowledge of resonant motions of rigs in relatively deep water. Erosion was recorded which appeared sufficient to cause mal-distribution of load in the structure. Even when oscillations occurred in a leg penetrating the bed, no support was available due to liquifaction of the soil. The two pilot studies herein described indicate the need for a comprehensive research program on the subject, due to the large investments in jeopardy.


Feminist and womanist theology has reoriented an entire way of understanding our relationships to one another, to creation, and to God. Feminist social theory has reshaped education, psychotherapy, leadership, decision-making, collaborative work, and family life. Little has been done, however, to bring these fields together to enrich the theory, theology, and practice of ministry. This book brings together the best in feminist and womanist scholarship that deals with the work of ministry in a one-volume format. It offers the most relevant, effective, and transformative approaches to ministry as it develops a feminist and womanist practical theology.


The financial market crisis has prompted policymakers to devote substantial attention to ways in which capital market risks shape pension performance, but few analysts have asked how shocks to human capital shape retirement wellbeing. Yet human capital risks due to fluctuations in labor earnings, employment volatility, and survival, can have a profound influence on pension accumulations and payouts. This paper reviews existing studies and offers a framework to think about how human capital risk can influence pension outcomes. We conclude with thoughts on how future analysts can better assess sensitivity of pension plan outcomes to a labor income uncertainty.


Because of the occurrence of different types of mutations, comprehensive genetic testing for Parkinson's disease (PD), dopa‐responsive dystonia (DRD), and myoclonus‐dystonia (M‐D) should include screening for small sequence changes and for large exonic rearrangements in disease‐associated genes. In diagnostic and research settings, the latter is frequently omitted or performed by laborious and expensive quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR). Our study aimed to evaluate the utility of a novel method, multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA), in molecular diagnostics of movement disorders. We have analyzed, by MLPA, genomic DNA from 21 patients affected with PD, DRD, or M‐D, in which the presence of exon rearrangement(s) (n = 20) or of a specific point mutation (detectable by MLPA, n = 1) had been established previously by qPCR or sequencing. In parallel, we have studied, in a blinded fashion, DNA from 49 patients with an unknown mutational status. Exon rearrangements were evident in 20 samples with previously established mutations; in the 21st sample the known specific point mutation was detected. We conclude that MLPA represents a reliable method for large‐scale and cost‐effective gene dosage screening of various movement disorders genes. This finding reaches far beyond a simple technical advancement and has two major implications: (1) By improving the availability of comprehensive genetic testing, it supports clinicians in the establishment of a genetically defined diagnosis; (2) By enabling gene dosage testing of several genes simultaneously, it significantly facilitates the mutational analysis of large patient and control populations and thereby constitutes the prerequisite for meaningful phenotype–genotype correlations. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society


We show how the traversable wormhole induced by a double-trace
deformation of the thermofield double state can be understood as a
modular inclusion of the algebras of exterior operators. The effect of
this deformation is the creation of a new region of spacetime deep in
the bulk, corresponding to a non-trivial center between the left and
right algebras. This set-up provides a precise framework for
investigating how black hole interiors are encoded in the CFT. In
particular, we use modular theory to demonstrate that state dependence
is an inevitable feature of any attempt to represent operators behind
the horizon. Building on this geometrical structure, we propose that
modular inclusions may provide a more precise means of investigating the
nascent relationship between entanglement and geometry in the context of
the emergent spacetime paradigm.


We have examined the expression of integrins on primary oligodendroglial cells during the differentiation of the proliferative oligodendrocyte precursor (O-2A progenitor) cell to the postmitotic oligodendrocyte. Cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage expressed a limited repertoire of integrins: alpha 6 beta 1 and alpha v integrins including alpha v beta 1, alpha v beta 3 and alpha v beta 5, as well as a potentially novel integrin alpha v beta 80 kDa. Integrin expression was developmentally regulated; during differentiation alpha v beta 1 was reduced and alpha v beta 5 upregulated. These results suggest that laminin and vitronectin are important extracellular matrix ligands for oligodendrocytes, and provide a rational explanation for previous observations that RGD peptides inhibit the expression of myelin-specific genes. They also suggest a simple model by which switching of integrin beta subunits might regulate differentiation. As chimeric beta 1 integrins with a beta 5 cytoplasmic domain support proliferation less well than normal beta 1 integrins (Pasqualini and Hemler (1994), J. Cell Biol. 125, 447-460) the switch from alpha v beta 1 to alpha v beta 5 might play a key instructive role in the cessation of proliferation and subsequent differentiation.


We propose a logical framework to represent and reason about agent interactions in normative systems. Our starting point is a dynamic logic of propositional assignments whose satisfiability problem is PSPACE-complete. We show that it embeds Coalition Logic of Propositional Control CL-PC and that various notions of ability and capability can be captured in it. We illustrate it on a water resource management case study. Finally, we show how the logic can be easily extended in order to represent constitutive rules which are also an essential component of the modelling of social reality.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the impact of rising health insurance premiums on coverage rates.

DATA SOURCES & STUDY SETTING
Our analysis is based on two cohorts of nonelderly Americans residing in 64 large metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) surveyed in the Current Population Survey in 1989-1991 and 1998-2000. Measures of premiums are based on data from the Health Insurance Association of America and the Kaiser Family Foundation/Health Research and Educational Trust Survey of Employer-Sponsored Health Benefits.

STUDY DESIGN
Probit regression and instrumental variable techniques are used to estimate the association between rising local health insurance costs and the falling propensity for individuals to have any health insurance coverage, controlling for a rich array of economic, demographic, and policy covariates.

PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
More than half of the decline in coverage rates experienced over the 1990s is attributable to the increase in health insurance premiums (2.0 percentage points of the 3.1 percentage point decline). Medicaid expansions led to a 1 percentage point increase in coverage. Changes in economic and demographic factors had little net effect. The number of people uninsured could increase by 1.9-6.3 million in the decade ending 2010 if real, per capita medical costs increase at a rate of 1-3 percentage points, holding all else constant.

CONCLUSIONS
Initiatives aimed at reducing the number of uninsured must confront the growing pressure on coverage rates generated by rising costs.


An experiment is reported that compared expandable indexes providing full menu context with sequential menus providing only partial context. Menu depth was varied using hierarchies of 2, 3, and 4 levels deep in an asymmetric structure of 457 root level items. Menus were presented on the World Wide Web within a browser. Participants searched for specific targets. Results suggest that reducing the depth of hierarchies improves performance in terms of speed and search efficiency. Surprisingly, expandable indexes resulted in poorer performance with deeper hierarchies than did sequential menus.


We investigate light diffraction in a direction perpendicular to the surface of a photorefractive crystal by anisotropic or isotropic Bragg diffraction. We estimate the resolution limit by calculating the diffraction pattern as a coherent sum of waves that are diffracted from Fourier-transformed gratings. We show that the resolution limit for anisotropic and isotropic Bragg diffraction depends only on the thickness of the crystal and the ratio of the refractive index to the wavelength of the diffracted wave. We present experimental results for a KNbO3 photorefractive spatial light modulator with a resolution of more than 30 line pairs/mm.


Alternative biomass sources must be developed if the United States is to meet the goal in the U.S. Energy Security Act of 2007 to derive 30% of its petroleum from renewable sources, and several different biomass crops are currently in development. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is one such crop that will be an important feedstock source for biofuel production. As composition influences productivity, there exists a need to understand the range in composition observed within the crop. The goal of this research was to assess the range in dietary fiber composition observed within different types of biomass sorghums. A total of 152 sorghum samples were divided into the four end-use types of sorghum: biomass, forage, sorghum-sudangrass, and sweet. These samples were analyzed chemically using dietary fiber analysis performed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory using published protocols. Significant variation among the groups was detected for glucan and ash. Positive and highly significant correlations were detected between structural carbohydrates in the biomass and sweet sorghums while many of these correlations were negative or not significant in the forage and sorghum-sudangrass types. In addition, a wide range of variation was present within each group indicating that there is potential to manipulatemore » the composition of the crop.« less


This clinical report reviews the currently known health benefits of probiotic and prebiotic products, including those added to commercially available infant formula and other food products for use in children. Probiotics are supplements or foods that contain viable microorganisms that cause alterations of the microflora of the host. Use of probiotics has been shown to be modestly effective in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in (1) treating acute viral gastroenteritis in healthy children; and (2) preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea in healthy children. There is some evidence that probiotics prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants (birth weight between 1000 and 1500 g), but more studies are needed. The results of RCTs in which probiotics were used to treat childhood Helicobacter pylori gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic ulcerative colitis, and infantile colic, as well as in preventing childhood atopy, although encouraging, are preliminary and require further confirmation. Probiotics have not been proven to be beneficial in treating or preventing human cancers or in treating children with Crohn disease. There are also safety concerns with the use of probiotics in infants and children who are immunocompromised, chronically debilitated, or seriously ill with indwelling medical devices. Prebiotics are supplements or foods that contain a nondigestible food ingredient that selectively stimulates the favorable growth and/or activity of indigenous probiotic bacteria. Human milk contains substantial quantities of prebiotics. There is a paucity of RCTs examining prebiotics in children, although there may be some long-term benefit of prebiotics for the prevention of atopic eczema and common infections in healthy infants. Confirmatory well-designed clinical research studies are necessary.


Technological solutions represent new opportunities to help elderly people and their caregivers in daily life. Understanding human behavior becomes thus essential in Ambient Assisted Living field especially for prevention and monitoring applications. In particular, recognition of human gestures is important to deliver personalized service to keep elderly people independent, while being monitored by caregivers. This chapter aims to underline the importance of recognizing behavior and in particular gesture in order to monitor older persons. An overview of the gesture recognition applications in AAL is therefore presented with a focus on the existing technologies used to capture hand gestures. Algorithms for data processing and classification are also described. Finally, an example of daily gesture recognition in AAL is presented where different gestures are recognized by mean of SensHand.


The National Center for Preparedness, Detection, and Control of Infectious Diseases (NCPDCID) maximizes prevention, preparedness, and response to infectious diseases in order to protect populations domestically and internationally through leadership, partnerships, epidemiologic and laboratory studies, and the use of quality systems, standards, and practices. In carrying out its mission, NCPDCID: (1) Works collaboratively across CDC and with public health and healthcare partners in conducting, coordinating, and supporting surveillance, research, and prevention programs to prevent and minimize morbidity and mortality among domestic and international populations; (2) collaborates with other CDC programs to ensure availability of appropriate domestic and international platforms intended to build capacity and conduct public health work on infectious diseases; (3) coordinates activities across CCID and CDC related to vulnerable populations, healthcare quality, quarantine, research, surveillance, emerging infectious diseases, and laboratory services; (4) establishes relationships and partnerships with domestic and international health organizations, healthcare facilities, federal agencies, state and local health departments, and other external partners; (5) provides technical assistance to external partnerships for improving program operations; (6) provides a platform for synthesis, translation, and dissemination of research findings into public health practice at the front line; (7) participates in the development of national policies and guidelines for prevention and control of infectious diseases; (8) coordinates processes for developing, awarding, and managing grants and cooperative agreements; (9) administers a national quarantine program to protect the U.S. against the introduction of diseases from foreign countries and the transmission of communicable disease between states; (10) facilitates appropriate cross-cutting collaboration with other NCs, CCID, other CDC programs, and external partners to promote effective surveillance for infectious threats to health; (11) designs and conducts epidemiologic studies to investigate the causes and risk factors for infectious diseases; (12) identifies, evaluates, and promotes the nationwide implementation of interventions designed to prevent infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance, related adverse events, and medical errors among patients and healthcare personnel; (13) investigates and responds to outbreaks, emerging infections, and related adverse events among patients, healthcare providers, and others associated with the healthcare environment; (14) leads the improvement of domestic and international laboratory practices in clinical and public health laboratories through a quality systems approach; (15) provides services and expertise in development of quality systems to support compliance with FDA regulations on production, distribution, and use of laboratory diagnostic reagents; (16) provides support to CDC laboratories and investigators including provision of animals, services, materials, and specialized expertise; and (17) provides emergency response coordination of CCID resources and enhanced epidemiologic, surveillance, and laboratory response capacity for bioterrorism and other infectious disease public health emergencies. (Approved 3/22/2007)


The gross morphology of the gas bladder is described and illustrated for representatives of most species and all valid genera of the Auchenipteridae (Siluriformes). Although, a simple cordiform gas bladder is present in some species of the family, others are characterized by their distinctive gas‐bladder shape and diverticula disposition. An acute posterior end of the gas bladder characterizes Centromochlus heckelii and C. macracanthus, and is variably present in specimens of Auchenipterus. Tocantinsia piresi and Asterophysus batrachus have distinctive gas bladders differing in number of diverticula (two or many). The two species of Trachycorystes are diagnosed based on their gas bladder morphology: T. menezesi has a simple cordiform bladder, whereas T. trachycorystes has a pair of lateral diverticulum and, usually, a well‐developed terminal diverticulum. Species of Auchenipterichthys are characterized by having a secondary bladder with simple chamber. Short or elongate and divergent terminal diverticula are exclusive to most cis‐andine species of Trachelyopterus. Tetranematichthys and trans‐andine species of Trachelyopterus share a well‐developed secondary chamber or terminal diverticula ventrally or dorsally connected to the posterior chambers. The small‐sized species of Ageneiosus have well‐developed gas bladders with a pair of posterior diverticula, whereas large‐sized species have a reduced gas bladder with tunica externa varying from non‐, partially, or completely ossified. Eight phylogenetic characters are proposed based on the morphology of the gas bladder and associated structures in species of Auchenipteridae, and the evolution of those characters in the family discussed. J. Morphol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


An investigation has been carried out on the spray penetration and soot formation processes in a research diesel engine by means of a quasi-dimensional multizone combustion model. The model integrates a predictive non stationary 1D spray model developed by the Sandia National Laboratory, with a diagnostic multizone thermodynamic model, and is capable of predicting the spray formation, combustion and soot formation processes in the combustion chamber. The multizone model was used to analyze three operating conditions, i.e., a zero load point (BMEP = 0 bar at 1000 rpm), a medium load point (BMEP = 5 bar at 2000 rpm) and a medium-high load point (BMEP = 10 bar at 2000 rpm). These conditions were experimentally tested in an optical single cylinder engine with the combustion system configuration of a 2.0L Euro4 GM diesel engine for passenger car applications. The experimental spray tip penetration and spreading angle were evaluated on the basis of images acquired by means of a high-speed CCD camera, while the experimental trend of the in-cylinder soot concentration was derived by means of the two-color pyrometry method. The acquired experimental data have allowed useful information to be obtained for the assessment of the multizone model. Well-defined trends between some of the model parameters and the engine operating conditions (namely, speed and load) have been found and preliminary correlations have been developed


The New Glucose Revolution for Diabetes is the first comprehensive guide to using the glycemic index to control type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and more. The book features the latest, most accurate information with new findings by the authors. It includes GI-based recipes and menus for type 1, type 2, prediabetes, gestational diabetes, and juvenile diabetes, as well as related conditions like obesity and celiac disease, plus practical dietary guidance on sugar, sweeteners, alcohol, snacking, and eating out.


Abstract: Studying art from the target culture and student creation of original artwork in the second language (L2) classroom have many benefits. Both provide a springboard for discussion of the culture(s) under study as well as one's own. These activities also positively change the classroom atmosphere, generating student curiosity and lowering the affective filter to language learning. Surprising as it may seem, little has been published about the visual arts and second language acquisition (SLA). This article surveys this limited research, briefly describes how brain research and language learning theories interact with art, and presents the authors' observations of student response to art and art projects in college-level Spanish and French classes. Finally, it provides practical steps for the classroom, showing how works of art from the target culture as well as student-created pieces can be used to develop the four skills at all levels. Key words: art, communicative activities, content-based approach, culture, SLA (second language acquisition) Languages: French, Spanish Introduction In recent years, instructors have been admonished to reach out to students with diverse learning styles. For the second language (L2) instructor, it has been a challenge to rethink activities and move beyond assignments catering to the development of linguistic and logical patterning skills. Additionally, L2 instruction has been criticized for including very little cultural content. Teachers know this is important, but hnd themselves providing anecdotal cultural information as time permits, while struggling to meet proficiency standards. Using art in the L2 classroom presents opportunities for students to become acquainted with the target culture and appeals to different learning strengths not tapped by traditional grammar activities. The following article details the use of both target-culture and student-created art with proficiency-oriented, studentcentered communicative activities. Literature Survey Art and Learning Theories Researchers in many fields recognize the value of both creating art and evaluating others' artwork as part of the learning process. Gardner's (1985) theory of multiple intelligences recognizes that an individual may have strengths in areas other than linguistic ability. Thus, the physical act of producing artwork can help students who are bodily-kinesthetic learners. Gonzalez-Jensen and GaraWeiner (2000) cited brain research by Edwards (1979), stating that when art is being created "the whole brain is involved in making a linguistic connection. The left side of the brain which commands language, verbal, and logical processes and the right side which commands artistic and creative processes work together to learn the new language" (p. 56). Both creating and studying artwork have a strong link with emotions. Egan (1997) asserted, "We remember things best when we can locate them emotionally and associate them with some vivid image" (p. 343). The movement and feelings associated with learning about and producing art involve more than linguistic processes and therefore contribute to learning at a more profound level. Wright (1997) asserted that the arts perform "as additional languages' for young children who may not be very competent in conventional symbol systems (e.g., oral language, writing, and reading)" (p. 363). Like small children, some adult L2 learners may find they are unable to say, read, or write what they really want, and art may provide a welcome venue for communication, both as receptor and producer. As Omaggio Hadley (2000) pointed out, culture is claimed to be an integral part of language learning, but in reality it is often overlooked. Using artwork and studying the lives of artists allows students to examine not only values and themes of the target cultures but their own cultural biases and beliefs as well. If well developed, art activities in the foreign language classroom can meet all of the 5 Cs: communicating in a language other than English, gaining knowledge and understanding of other cultures, connecting with other disciplines and acquiring information, developing insight into the nature of language and culture, and participating in multilingual communities at home and around the world (National Standards, 1996). …


The countries of South Asia (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) cover less than 4% of the Earth's surface, but their combined population of some 1.6 billion inhabitants in 2007 represents nearly a quarter of the world total. India, the largest country in the region, alone has 1.17 billion inhabitants. This chronicle charts the main demographic trends since the 1950s, which are explained in part by the countries' diverse levels of development. Their demographic transitions also exhibit broad diversity. There is no single transition model specific to the region, just as there is no single transition in India, as the comparison of its states makes clear. Except in Sri Lanka, where the process is complete, the fertility transition is ongoing, and the mortality transition is in general very advanced. The potential for demographic growth remains high in South Asia, and the United Nations expects the region's population to grow by 600 million inhabitants up to 2040. The future course of demographic change has major implications for development, since most of the countries need to reduce poverty and raise educational levels while at the same time coping with rapid urban growth and addressing environmental issues.


Acute cholangitis due to intrahepatic stones is frequently associated with biliary sepsis. Emergency surgery for these high-risk patients is usually associated with a high mortality. Therefore, we recommend nonoperative methods for the management of this acute disease. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and drainage (PTCD) combined with antibiotic and fluid treatment was used successfully in the management of 41 patients with acute pyogenic cholangitis due to intrahepatic stones. The general condition of these patients improved after treatment with PTCD. Repeated cholangiography should be performed so that the entire biliary tree and lesions can be viewed. Elective surgery (21 patients) or removal of the stone through the sinus tract via PTCD (14 patients) was performed when the patients' general condition improved following emergency PTCD. Therefore, we recommend PTCD over emergency surgery in the treatment of acute septic intrahepatic stones.


Business Process Management (BPM) initiatives are typically centrally managed and follow a top-down design based on management commitment. Although that procedure is highly effective when managing a few structured processes at a time, emerging process-oriented organizations have shown increased demand for supporting, maintaining, and optimizing all of their processes comprehensively. Due to the scarcity of organizational resources, enterprises prioritize processes based on their strategic importance, dysfunctionality, and feasibility to be redesigned. Thus, a few highly relevant processes are improved, while a considerable amount of lower prioritized processes, which would still add value to the enterprise, are deferred. Furthermore, because the amount of low-value processes exceeds the amount of centrally managed processes, central BPM initiatives leave a large untouched potential for process optimization. In this paper, we conceptualize that phenomenon as the long tail of business processes. As a theoretical foundation, we formalize the management of long-tail process distributions as an optimization problem. We further introduce a novel methodology that integrates approaches from collaborative production models and concepts of centrally managed BPM initiatives to facilitate a holistic management of business processes.


Biomarker identification is an ever more important topic in the life sciences. With the advent of measurement methodologies based on microarrays and mass spectrometry, thousands of variables are routinely being measured on complex biological samples. Often, the question is what makes two groups of samples different. Classical hypothesis testing suffers from the multiple testing problem; however, correcting for this often leads to a lack of power. In addition, choosing α cutoff levels remains somewhat arbitrary. Also in a regression context, a model depending on few but relevant variables will be more accurate and precise, and easier to interpret biologically. We propose an R package, BioMark, implementing two meta-statistics for variable selection. The first, higher criticism, presents a data-dependent selection threshold for significance, instead of a cookbook value of α = 0.05. It is applicable in all cases where two groups are compared. The second, stability selection, is more general, and can also be applied in a regression context. This approach uses repeated subsampling of the data in order to assess the variability of the model coefficients and selects those that remain consistently important. It is shown using experimental spike-in data from the field of metabolomics that both approaches work well with real data. BioMark also contains functionality for simulating data with specific characteristics for algorithm development and testing.


The authors describe electromagnetic and structural analyses of electric gun and integrated launch packages. Models presented were developed for the Sabot Launched Electric Gun Kinetic Energy projectile (SLEKE) program and the Cannon Caliber Electromagnetic Launcher (CCEML) program. Analyses were three-dimensional, transient and coupled with thermal calculations including dynamic material properties. In the SLEKE analysis section, the authors focus on the electromagnetic and structural performance of integrated launch packages. SLEKE analyses have been validated by the successful launch of test articles at maximum design levels. CCEML launch package and barrel performance has been studied in detail which benefits from experience gained in the SLEKE program. CCEML analyses presented focus on augmented launcher performance. >


The ability to predict and therefore to anticipate the future is an important attribute of intelligence. It is also of utmost importance in real-time systems, e.g. in robotics or autonomous driving, which depend on visual scene understanding for decision making. While prediction of the raw RGB pixel values in future video frames has been studied in previous work, here we introduce the novel task of predicting semantic segmentations of future frames. Given a sequence of video frames, our goal is to predict segmentation maps of not yet observed video frames that lie up to a second or further in the future. We develop an autoregressive convolutional neural network that learns to iteratively generate multiple frames. Our results on the Cityscapes dataset show that directly predicting future segmentations is substantially better than predicting and then segmenting future RGB frames. Prediction results up to half a second in the future are visually convincing and are much more accurate than those of a baseline based on warping semantic segmentations using optical flow.


This paper attempts to move away from portraying service and knowledge work as opposite trends in advanced economies. Instead, it maintains that a closer look at the changing nature of work will highlight the need to rearrange our aggregate occupational data so as to include special categories for a hybrid form: the techno-service sector. After presenting a typology of occupations based on the degree to which knowledge and service elements are intertwined, the paper analyze the work of Enterprise Resource Planning [ERP] implementers as a key example of techno-service work. It highlights the practices of 'reverse customization' and 'translation' performed by the implementers, which effectively combine service and knowledge work. The paper explains the growing inter-dependency of social and technical skills by the shift from the sale of a product to the sale of a process. This shift underpins the growing penetration of professional work into the heart of the industrial enterprise.


Type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects approximately 200,000 Canadians and is increasing at a rate of about 3.0% per year. The development of autoimmune diabetes requires genetic susceptibility and is influenced by environmental agents. Diets in which wheat protein is the sole amino acid source are associated with high diabetes frequency in diabetes-prone BioBreeding (BBdp) rats and non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, two models of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes. We hypothesized that an abnormal immune response to wheat, as indicated by circulating IgG antibodies, could be used to identify T1D-related wheat proteins. Similar methods have been used to identify the diabetes-related autoantigens. A wheat cDNA expression library was immunoscreened with pooled IgG antibodies from wheat gluten-fed diabetic BBdp rats. Initially, three clones were isolated. When the proteins were screened with sera from individual rats at varying risk of disease, antibody reactivity to clone WP5212, a wheat storage globulin, was strongest in diabetic rats. This antibody reactivity was not only associated with disease but also closely correlated with islet damage. Additional studies revealed that WP5212 antibodies were linked to diabetes in NOD mice and, remarkably, in human T1D patients. Furthermore, patients with both T1D and the wheat sensitive enteropathy, celiac disease (CD), displayed high WP5212 antibody reactivity, possibly representing a marker of the predisposition of T1D patients to develop CD. WP5212 shared homology with a number of dietary proteins and allergens, suggesting that diabetes-promoting structures could exist in other food plants and that immunomodulatory molecules could interact with the immune system by a common mechanism. WP5212 also shared homology with self proteins, which could act as a means for the initiation or promotion of autoimmunity. WP5212 is the first candidate dietary wheat protein implicated in the development of diabetes. Thus, screening a cDNA expression library provides a novel approach that permits the identification of environmental antigens involved in autoimmune diseases. The evidence suggests that WP5212 is strongly antigenic in three separate species that develop spontaneous diabetes. The molecular identity of this immune-targeted dietary wheat protein will help elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms by which wheat-related diabetes occurs.


Environmental sensors are important for collecting data to understand environmental changes and analyze environmental issues. In order to effectively monitor environmental changes, high-density sensor deployment and evenly distributed spatial distance between sensors become the requirements and desired properties for such applications. In many applications, sensors are deployed in locations that are difficult and dangerous to reach (e.g. mountaintop or skyscraper roof). To collect data from those sensors, unmanned aerial vehicles are used to act as data mules to overcome the problem of collecting data in challenging environments. In this article, we extend the adaptive return-to-home sensing algorithm with a parameter-tuning algorithm that combines naive Bayes classification and binary search to adapt adaptive return-to-home sensing parameters effectively on the fly. The proposed approach is able to (1) optimize number of sensing attempts, (2) reduce oscillation of the distance for consecutive attempts, and (3) reserve enough power for drone to return-to-home. Our results show that the naive Bayes classification–enhanced adaptive return-to-home sensing scheme is able to avoid oscillation in sensing and guarantees return-to-home feature while behaving more cost-effective in parameter tuning than the other machine learning–based approaches.


This research aims to explore how a cultural flagship influences the cultural
tourist's perception and experience of a well established urban area for tourism
and culture, taking the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden as a case study.
Covent Garden, as an important part of London's tourist portfolio is a case study
of interest because of its wide array of land use that makes it a popular area for
tourism and cultural consumption, with distinctive architecture, heritage and a
wide range of attractions and leisure opportunities. The Royal Opera House,
established at the core of the area, stands as a world renowned provider of high
culture and has a rich history and heritage of its own, yet it evolved over time
parallel to the area, to the extent that Covent Garden's name is often used to refer
to either the precinct or the flagship. It was recently subjected to a redevelopment
scheme aimed towards providing the building with a fresh architectural front and
added facilities. This raises many questions regarding the role that an old cultural
flagship made new plays in the well established tourism precinct's sense of place
and draw towards the cultural tourist. To address these matters, a social
constructivist approach has being adopted, through which the tourist's
mechanisms of interpreting their surroundings were explored and the nature of
their cultural experiences in Covent Garden understood. 306 semi-structured
interviews were conducted throughout six different locations in the area and inside
the flagship building aiming to explore the tourist's motivation to visit London
and Covent Garden, the nature of their experiences and their perception of both
the area and the flagship, and how the latter exerts an influence of their perception
and experience of place.
The evidence analysis has revealed that the Royal Opera House does not have a
strong influence on the tourist's perception and experience of Covent Garden,
which is seen as a place for shopping and relaxation rather than high culture
despite the efforts made to provide it with a more attractive architectural front and
its policies for social inclusion. However, other visitors perceive it as a pinnacle of
high culture depending on their level of appreciation for opera and ballet. Furthermore, the notion of cultural distance (McKercher, 2002) exerts an
influence in these perceptions as the area's visitors tend to relate their
surroundings to what they are familiar and unfamiliar with. The visitors' age also
plays an important role in their perception and experience of place as the data
collected revealed that the older age groups tend to have a more inquisitive
attitude in regards to their tourist experiences, which can also be understood as
deeper. On the other hand, younger tourists are more likely to focus their visit on
leisure and entertainment. Regardless of this, the presence and behaviour of other
visitors in the area also prove to exert an impact on the tourist's perception and
experience of place. They tend to engage in communal activities such as watching
street entertainment and provide each other with behavioural cues that manifest
themselves in a slower pace of movement and a relaxed attitude when
experiencing the precinct. This is also related to the area's built environment and
urban characteristics as the streets are pedestrianised, allowing for visitors to roam
and explore their surroundings. However, Covent Garden can be seen as a
multifaceted precinct as the area's different locations vary in terms of their size
and scale as well as the leisure and cultural opportunities available. The area's
Piazza is an open space characterised by the presence of the market, street
entertainment and outdoor eating and drinking facilities that grant it with a
continental and cosmopolitan ambience. Other locations such as Seven Dials
provide the visitors with other types of experiences given the smaller scale of its
streets. The Royal Opera House is perceived as a valuable cultural asset for the
country and its name is associated with elitism, exclusivity and monumental
architecture. However, the building's physical presence in the area does not
provide the same visual stimuli that other stand alone flagship developments such
as the Sydney Opera House provide for example. Therefore, its importance and
role in the tourist's perception and experience of place depends on the individual's
awareness of the building and personal interest in its cultural products.


A two-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical model is extended and applied to simulate the interaction between stellar winds and the interstellar medium (ISM). In particular, the stellar wind evolution of Oand B-type stars is calculated. First, the evolution of a stellar wind into the ambient interstellar medium and also a more dense molecular cloud are considered for the case of no relative motion between the star and the interstellar medium. This interaction results in a cavity being blown into the ISM. Of importance in this work is the boundary radius (astropause) of the stellar wind and also the location where the outflow speed decreases from supersonic to subsonic speeds, called the termination shock. Different parameters like ISM density, outflow speed and mass-loss rate were varied to study the effect these have on the computed astropause (AP) and termination shock (TS) radii. The evolution of these structures is presented up to a simulation time of 1 My. However, stars are not stationary relative to the ISM, and the evolution of stellar winds into the interstellar medium including relative motion is also considered. It is shown that the positions of the TS and AP are dependent on the mass-loss rate and stellar wind outflow speed of the star and the interstellar medium density and relative speed. When these massive stars reach the end of their life, they end their life in a supernova explosion. The explosion results in a blast wave moving outward, called the forward shock (FS) and a reverse shock (RS) also forms which moves inward. Previous work done by Ferreira and de Jager (2008) to simulate supernova remnant (SNR) evolution, was only done for the case of evolution into the undisturbed ISM (no cavity). In this work, the evolution of SNR is simulated taking also into account the pre-existing cavity blown out by the stellar winds of these massive stars. The results of this study showed that the evolution of the SNR is definitely influenced by the presence of a stellar wind cavity even if the cavity is only a few pc in extent.


The emergence over the past few years of a flourishing feminist crime fiction raises questions for writers and readers. In the article on her novel, The Life and Crimes of Harry Lavender, Marele Day outlines the challenges of the depiction of a professional female sleuth. Day employs the traditionally masculine, hard-boiled (or Chandleresque) version of the genre, but with an important difference: Claudia Valentine is both "a fully realised woman and a competent professional operator."(1) Women private investigators, of course, do not feature in the American hard-boiled school where women are victims or seductresses, the objects, not the subjects of inquiry. By contrast, the women investigators of the British school, like Agatha Christie's Miss Marple, are presented asexually and as outsiders. It seems that, as elsewhere, a binary opposition has been in operation in both dominant versions of the crime fiction genre and a dichotomy has developed between female sexuality and female subjectivity.Day's refusal of this dichotomy can thus be seen to represent a rewriting of some crime fiction orthodoxies. Her critique includes also a sharp look also at Australian (especially Sydney) society in the late 1980s, with the major issues being corruption, urban development and the new technology, all of which seem overwhelming to her erstwhile 1970s radicals grown older and less adventurous. Crime fiction as a genre is well-placed to question social issues at the same time as individuals' attempts to combat these are highlighted. The success of the lone individual against all odds points to the conservative, and essentially bourgeois affiliations of much of the genre, though. Interestingly, one of the twists of Day's plot (and of some other feminist crime fiction) is that the detective does not really triumph. This suggests that, for some feminist crime fiction at least, writing a politically questioning woman detective involves challenging ideologies of bourgeois individualism.As Day remarks, the writing of her novel may be understood as a reading, or re-reading of the detective form: "writing is not an authorial monologue but a process of dialoguing with the text in production." Women's liberation-inclined readers of detective fiction will read in similar circumstances. Among other things, we will be concerned with how to read the dominant versions of the genre: how to read feminist (and other radical) interventions into it; how to read feminist crime fiction in relation to women's writing generally; how to develop a cultural theory able to address the complicated politics of all these questions. Like another popular form, romance fiction, the crime genre is contradictory (although in different ways), for feminism and will also involve, for Australian writers and readers, the particular mediations of our `national' cultural location.(2)We could usefully start by refusing the orthodoxy, even among feminists, of seeing crime fiction as an inherently, or even an historically masculine form. This is not to say that dominant versions of the form have not encoded what we might understand as traditional `masculine' and `feminine' values, nor that some versions of the form (such as the hard-boiled school discussed by Day below) have not been especially associated with male writers. But women have in fact long been readers of detective fiction, and recent feminist work is uncovering a number of submerged women writers, including nineteenth century Australian ones.(3) Women's popular fiction may be better understood as being in the position of women's `literary' fiction at the beginnings of the new revisionary feminist criticism. Critics at this stage had to reject dominant patriarchal prejudices about the small number of `great' women writers in order to `see' the writers who were there. Another popular form, science fiction, is also often erroneously seen as a masculine preserve, as Lucy Sussex points out elsewhere in this Hecate. …


Logistics in the UK is perceived as a sector where qualification levels could improve: the sector is viewed as underperforming in training and education. Representative professional and trade bodies within the sector actively address this challenge. The research derives from the work in a knowledge transfer partnership project between a representative trade body in the sector and the University of Westminster. A principle deliverable from the project has been development of a new Programme in Training and Education tailored to the needs of the sector. New facilitating structures to engage a range of stakeholders have additionally been established. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the knowledge exchange process within the project and to present an evaluation of the application of service quality theories in the development of the new service. The paper focuses on the knowledge exchange elements of the project in developing the programme as a new service for a membership organisation. Participatory observation, project diaries and formal project documentation included reports on knowledge exchange comprise primary data sources.The paper considers the case of service development in logistics training and education in a representative trade body.The knowledge exchange contribution to the development of the new service, while significant, highlight the challenges of effective engagement of the service users for membership organisations.The research is exploratory and covers the development phase for the training and education service in a case study organisation. The normal caveats of single case study research apply.Further research will initially focus on methodologies for the evaluation of knowledge exchange.The practical implications concern use of knowledge exchange in addressing business engagement in logistics training and education and fostering university-business collaboration.


Between 1990 and 2002, more than 200 moose-vehicle collisions occurred each year in Quebec, including about 50/yr in the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve. One cause is the presence of roadside salt pools that attract moose near roads in the spring and summer. Using the computer simulation technique of agent-based modeling, this study investigated whether salt pool removal and displacement, i.e., a compensatory salt pool set up 100 to 1500 m away from the road shoulder, would reduce the number of moose-vehicle collisions. Moose road crossings were used as a proxy measure. A GPS telemetry data set consisting of approximately 200,000 locations of 47 moose over 2 yr in the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve was used as an empirical basis for the model. Twelve moose were selected from this data set and programmed in the model to forage and travel in the study area. Five parameters with an additional application of stochasticity were used to determine moose movement between forest polygons. These included food quality; cover quality, i.e., protection from predators and thermal stress; proximity to salt pools; proximity to water; and slope. There was a significant reduction in road crossings when either all or two thirds of the roadside salt pools were removed, with and/or without salt pool displacement. With 100% salt pool removal, the reduction was greater (49%) without compensatory salt pools than with them (18%). When two thirds of the salt pools were removed, the reduction was the same with and without compensatory salt pools (16%). Although moose-vehicle collisions are not a significant mortality factor for the moose population in the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve, in areas with higher road densities, hunting pressure, and/or predator densities it could mean the difference between a stable and a declining population, and salt pool removal could be part of a good mitigation plan to halt population declines. This model can be used, with improvements such as spatial memory of salt pool locations and the addition of a road avoidance behavior, to assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures intended to reduce moose-vehicle collisions.


Infant apnea is a widespread condition in which infants fail to effectively breathe, and can lead to death. Clinical solutions exist for continuous monitoring of respirations in a hospital setting and requiring constant skin contact. This thesis investigates the construction of a proof of concept device that performs in-home monitoring without skin contact and with commonly available off-the-shelf components. The device constructed used a directional microphone to detect breathing sounds, an omnidirectional microphone to detect ambient noise as a baseline to help isolate the breathing sounds, and LabVIEW software deployed on an inexpensive laptop computer to quantify incidents of apparent lapses in breathing meeting the clinical definition of apnea. Testing results indicate that these components are effective in capturing these events in pre-term infants as well as adults, which provides promising evidence that a low-cost system could be manufactured for home detection to assist in infant monitoring. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS


OBJECTIVE
To estimate 1-year prevalence and correlates of alcohol abuse, dependence, and subthreshold dependence (diagnostic orphans) among middle-aged and elderly persons in the United States.

DESIGN
2005-2007 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health.

METHOD
Sample included 10,015 respondents aged 50-64 years and 6,289 respondents older than 65 years. Data were analyzed by bivariate and multinomial regression analyses.

MEASUREMENTS
Sociodemographic variables; alcohol use; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition abuse and dependence; major depression; nicotine dependence; illicit drug use; and nonmedical use of prescription drugs.

RESULTS
Fifty-one percent of the sample used alcohol during the past year (56% in the 50-64 age group and 43% in the older than 65 age group). Overall, 11% (dependence 1.9%, abuse 2.3%, and subthreshold dependence 7.0%) of adults aged 50-64 and about 6.7% (dependence 0.6%, abuse 0.9%, and subthreshold dependence 5.2%) of those older than 65 reported alcohol abuse, dependence or dependence symptoms. Among past-year alcohol users, 20% (dependence 3.4%, abuse 4.0%, and subthreshold dependence 12.5%) of adults aged 50-64 and 15.4% (dependence 1.3%, abuse 2.1%, and subthreshold dependence 12.0%) of those older than 65 endorsed alcohol abuse or dependence symptoms. "Tolerance" (48%) and "time spent using" (37%) were the two symptoms most frequently endorsed by the subthreshold group. Compared with alcohol users without alcohol abuse or dependence symptoms, blacks or Hispanics and those who had nicotine dependence or used nonmedical prescription drugs had increased odds of subthreshold dependence. Diagnostic orphans also were more likely to engage in binge drinking than the asymptomatic group.

CONCLUSIONS
Diagnostic orphans among middle-aged and elderly community adults show an elevated rate for binge drinking and nonmedical use of prescription drugs that require attention from healthcare providers.


Biometrics deals with computerized methods of certifying the identity of a person based on physiological or behavioral characteristics. The possibility of two users having the same identification features in the biometric system is virtually zero. Biometric identification delivers extremely accurate and secure access to information. In the conventional biometric system, privacy is not maintained as data is on single server. This issue is handled in the proposed system by combining biometric with visual cryptography. This system contains two biometric characters, fingerprint and iris to have more secured system. Fingerprints and iris scans produce unique data sets. The intent to implement these methods is to enhance the security infrastructure by reducing the space complexity of database. The experimental results show high accuracy and high security of implemented system.


The objective of this study was to analyse the possible use of knowledge management as a means to assist in project integration and corporate sustainability. Therefore, a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research study was developed, through which some useful properties were found that could minimise this gap. From this, one can see that the link between knowledge management and project management is of utmost importance to the natural integration of the portfolio, and contributes effectively and adequately to corporate sustainability.


Six hundred ninety-three patients at or beyond 30 weeks' gestation with reactive nonstress tests (NSTs) were divided into groups based on the occurrence of variable decelerations of 15 seconds or more in duration and of 20 or more beats per minute in severity. Ultrasound examination within a month of testing showed no increases in nuchal cord localization or decreased amniotic fluid volumes in a subgroup of 181 patients. Fetuses with antepartum variable decelerations were more likely to demonstrate similar decelerations in labor (P <.001), to undergo operative delivery for a diagnosis of "distress " (P <.05), to require intensive care nursery admission (P <.01), and to be small for gestational age (P <.01). No significant differences were noted in frequency of nuchal or other cord entanglements, overall cesarean section rate, or low pH or Apgar score values. We conclude that variable decelerations in the absence of other alarming NST findings may aid in identifying patients at risk for adverse perinatal occurrences, although factors other than nuchal cord placement or oligohydramnios may be responsible


This article presents evidence on the role that judgmental adjustments play in macroeconomic forecast accuracy. It starts by contrasting the predictive records of four prominent forecasters who adjust their models with those of three models that are used mechanically. The adjusted forecasts tend to be more accurate overall, although important exceptions can be found. Next the article compares adjusted forecasts with those generated mechanically by the same models. Again, with some significant exceptions, judgmental adjustments improve accuracy more often than not. ; The article closes by considering whether macroeconomic forecasters should place more or less emphasis on their adjustments relative to their models. The author finds a clear tendency for modelers to overadjust their models, illustrating what prominent psychologists have termed "the major error of intuitive prediction." In short, model builders should not hesitate to adjust their models to offset models' limitations but should also guard against the tendency to overestimate the value of their personal insights.


We propose an efficient method for editing bidirectional texture functions (BTFs) based on edit propagation scheme. In our approach, users specify sparse edits on a certain slice of BTF. An edit propagation scheme is then applied to propagate edits to the whole BTF data. The consistency of the BTF data is maintained by propagating similar edits to points with similar underlying geometry/reflectance. For this purpose, we propose to use view independent features including normals and reflectance features reconstructed from each view to guide the propagation process. We also propose an adaptive sampling scheme for speeding up the propagation process. Since our method needn't any accurate geometry and reflectance information, it allows users to edit complex BTFs with interactive feedback.


Social scientists on both sides of the Atlantic have gained a reputation for failing to communicate their research effectively. A few world-class social scientists have reached audiences far beyond their fields, but in most cases, the reputation is well deserved. This opinion piece was originally written for and published for Viewpoint in Social Sciences -January 1994 Issue 22, p. 2. The journal was published by the ESRC, but has since 1994 been discontinued, and therefore the article is reproduced here for public access. All notes and an addendum have been added to clarify references to programmes and institutions that have been dramatically changed or ended since the original publication. The facts have changed, but my basic argument against trickle-down social science remains relevant.


We investigate modulational instability in normally dispersive highly birefringent fibers. By means of a technique based on a two-frequency pump field we are able to provide evidence for strong nonlinear dependence of the modulational instability spectra. This dependence manifests itself by the appearance of a nonlinear spectral gap in which modulational instability vanishes.


Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is one of the most abundant carboxylic acids in the troposphere. In the study, the tropospheric chemistry of CH3COOH is investigated using the 3-D global chemistry transport model, STOCHEM-CRI. The highest mixing ratios of surface CH3COOH are found in the tropics by as much as 1.6 ppb in South America. The model predicts the seasonality of CH3COOH reasonably well and correlates with some surface and flight measurement sites, but the model drastically underpredicts levels in urban and midlatitudinal regions. The possible reasons for the underprediction are discussed. The simulations show that the lifetime and global burden of CH3COOH are 1.6–1.8 days and 0.45–0.61 Tg, respectively. The reactions of the peroxyacetyl radical (CH3CO3) with the hydroperoxyl radical (HO2) and other organic peroxy radicals (RO2) are found to be the principal sources of tropospheric CH3COOH in the model, but the model-measurement discrepancies suggest the possible unknown or underestimated sources which can contribute large fractions of the CH3COOH burden. The major sinks of CH3COOH in the troposphere are wet deposition, dry deposition, and OH loss. However, the reaction of CH3COOH with Criegee intermediates is proposed to be a potentially significant chemical loss process of tropospheric CH3COOH that has not been previously accounted for in global modeling studies. Inclusion of this loss process reduces the tropospheric CH3COOH level significantly which can give even larger discrepancies between model and measurement data, suggesting that the emissions inventory and the chemical production sources of CH3COOH are underpredicted even more so in current global models.


Geographic routing offers a radical departure from previous topology-dependent routing paradigms through its use of physical location in the routing process. Geographic routing protocols eliminate dependence on topology storage and the associated costs, which also makes them more suitable to handling dynamic behavior frequently found in wireless ad-hoc networks. Geographic routing protocols have been designed for a variety of applications ranging from mobility prediction and management through to anonymous routing and from energy efficiency to QoS. Geographic routing is also part of the larger area of context-awareness due to its usage of location data to make routing decisions and thus represents an important step in the journey towards ubiquitous computing. The focus of this paper, within the area of geographic routing is on wireless ad-hoc networks and how location information can benefit routing. This paper aims to provide both a comprehensive and methodical survey of existing literature in the area of geographic routing from its inception as well as acting as an introduction to the subject.


The Schottky source/drain field effect transistor was fabricated, structural and electrical behavior was investigated and different device parameters were determined. Wet chemical etching technique was used to form the desired structure on the face of the silicon wafer. Structural characterization includes examination of wafer with profilometer and optical microscope at different magnifications. Titanium metal in pure form was evaporated source and drain of FET to form Schottky contacts. Current-Voltage (C-V) and Capacitance-voltage (I-V) measurements were performed at different applied drain voltages. The ideality factor yielded by I-V characteristics was 1.18 and barrier heights are 0.49eV and 0.34eV by I-V and C-V curves.


[1] We present observations of high‐frequency current variability on the continental shelf and the slope of the Antarctic Peninsula using Lagrangian surface drifters deployed as part of the Antarctic Drifter Experiment: Links to Isobaths and Ecosystems (ADELIE) project. Here we focus on high‐frequency processes such as tides and inertial oscillations that are typically smoothed out of large‐scale spatially averaged, and/or temporally averaged, observed current fields. We investigate the role that this class of motion plays in the transport of physical or biogeochemical properties. Lateral displacements on the shelf and slope are found to be larger than displacements in deeper waters where tidal currents are negligible. We apply this result in a parameterization of the lateral dispersion during an off‐line drifter modeling study. The outcome is an improvement on the modeling of Lagrangian drifting particles compared with a standard random walk scheme.