Gelotophobia is defined as the fear of being laughed at. Recent empirical studies revealed that it is a valid and useful new concept also in the realm of normality. Furthermore, it was shown that it should be best conceptualized as a one-dimensional individual difference phenomenon ranging from no fear to extreme fear of being laughed at. The present study presents empirical data on the fear of being laughed at in Denmark (N = 247). It describes the adaptation of the standard instrument for the subjective assessment of gelotophobia to Danish. The translation yielded good psychometric properties in terms of a high internal consistency of the items (α =.84) and the factorial structure (one-dimensional solution) was highly similar to findings with the original instrument. Gelotophobia was more prevalent among younger participants, males, and participants that were currently in a relationship. The application of cut-off scores in the questionnaire that indicate different levels of gelotophobia indicated that a low number of participants in the sample (< 2%) were gelotophobes. Therefore, fearing to be laughed at does not seem to be prevalent in the everyday life of Danes. Nevertheless, gelotophobia might be more prevalent among specific groups (e.g., victims of bullying).


The operation and performance of heat-pump systems are affected by indoor and outdoor operating conditions. Power consumption and system efficiency are related to evaporator and condenser working pressures. Intelligent controllers such as a proportional integral (PI) controller improve the performance of variable speed refrigeration systems (VSRs) with electronic expansion valve (EEV). Evaporator and condenser pressures affect the system power consumption and efficiency. In this study, the influence of evaporator and condenser temperatures on the performance of a variable speed refrigeration system with an EEV was experimentally investigated at constant cooling load. The experimental system comprises of a rotary compressor, shell-and-coil condenser, EEV, and shell-and-coil evaporator for one-ton cooling capacity with refrigerant R410. Compressor speed and EEV opening are controlled by a PI controller with two control loops and the refrigerant superheat (DS) is maintained at 7°C. The results show that at constant cooling capacity, the refrigerant flow rate rises with the increase in the compressor speed. The coefficient of performance (COP) is improved with low compressor speed. The System COP is increased by 3.3% with increasing evaporator inlet water temperature for 2°C due to the reduction in the compressor speed and compression ratio. High condenser inlet water temperature promotes the refrigerant subcooling.


We investigate approximation algorithms for the classical minimum makespan scheduling problem, focusing on instances where the rank of the matrix describing the processing times of the jobs is bounded. A bounded rank matrix arises naturally when the processing time of a job on machine depends upon a bounded set of resources. A bounded rank matrix also shows up when jobs have varying degrees of parallelizability and the machines have multiple cores.

We are interested in studying the tractability of the problem as a function of the (positive) rank of the processing-time matrix. At one extreme is the case of unit rank, also known as related machines, which admits a PTAS [7], and at the other extreme is the full rank case (unrelated machines), which is NP-hard to approximate within a factor better than 3/2 [8].

Our main technical contribution is in showing that the approximability of the problem is not smooth with the rank of the matrix. From the inapproximability side, we show that the problem becomes APX-hard, even for rank four matrices. For rank seven matrices, we prove that it is hard to approximate to a factor 3/2, matching the inapproximability result for general unrelated machines. From the algorithmic side, we obtain a quasi-polynomial approximation scheme (i.e., a (1 + e) approximation in time npoly(1/e,log n)) for the rank two case. This implies that the problem is not APX-hard in this case, unless NP has quasi-polynomial algorithms. Our algorithm is a subtle dynamic program which runs in polynomial time in some interesting special cases. The classification of the three dimensional problem remains open.


Master the newest version of SUSE Linux with SUSE Linux 10 Unleashed. This comprehensive guide to SUSE Linux includes a DVD with the full version of SUSE Linux 10.0 and provides you with intermediate and advanced information to guide you through the installation, management and maintenance of your SUSE Linuxi¾ 10.0 system. You will gain expert insight into the most important topics, including: Configuring with YaST2 and SaX2 Launching your desktop Productivity tools Using the Internet and creating websites Secure file transfer Managing users and data Keeping your system current Setting up networks and Samba Managing databasesLearn how to make the most of your SUSE Linuxi¾ 10.0 system with the help of SUSE Linux 10 Unleashed.


In this article, we set up a dialogue between two theoretical frameworks for understanding the developing relationships between indigenous Australians and the encapsulating Australian society. We argue that the concept of "the intercultural" de-emphasizes the agency of Aboriginal people and the durability of their social relations and value orientations. We develop the concept of relative autonomy in apposition. Our primary focus is on the Yolngu people of eastern Arnhem Land and on the impact that recent Australian government policy—in particular the Northern Territory "Intervention"—has had on the relatively autonomous trajectory of their society. The view from relative autonomy enables an understanding of the history of Yolngu interaction with outsiders and Yolngu responses to government policy. We argue that unless relative autonomy is understood and taken into account, governments will fail to develop policies that engage Yolngu in the process of regional development.


We developed a high accuracy thickness measurement system for glass substrates based on the optical design of the astigmatic method. The astigmatic optical system includes a laser diode, a cylindrical lens, a convex lens, and a quadrant detector. This method measures the astigmatic focusing error signal induced from the measured glass placed in the astigmatic optical system. The astigmatic focusing error signal is converted into the thickness of the glass substrate. The proposed glass thickness measurement system is verified by using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). The accuracy of the proposed system is 0.2 microm, with a standard deviation of 0.7 microm within the thickness measuring range of 1.2 mm.


In The Joy of Tax, tax campaigner Richard Murphy challenges almost every idea you have about tax. For him, tax is fundamentally about the ideas that shape the sort of society we want to live in, not technicalities. His intention is to demonstrate that there is indeed a joy in tax, and by embracing it we can create a fairer society and change the world for the better.

Tax has been a feature of human society for a very long time. Almost no one gives tax a good press even though, as Richard Murphy argues, it has been fundamental to the development of democracy the world over. Whilst we may not like tax very much, in contrast it is clear that we really do like the public services which governments provide. So much so, in fact, that for most of the last 300 years, people have been more than happy for governments to run deficits by spending more than they raise in taxation.

2008 apparently changed all that. The issues of debt, deficits, cuts and austerity have dominated the political agenda ever since. Virtually every aspect of the government's finances and how to rearrange them in the forlorn hope of balancing the books has been discussed in great detail. Despite that, there has been almost no real discussion during this period about what tax is for and how it contributes to the creation of the society we aspir


The Quality of Service (QoS) experienced by the packets that constitute a cloud computing task does not only depend on the performance of the cloud computing network infrastructure at the data centre but also on the performance of the access networks and the internet core networks traversed by the packets before the task is fully submitted to the cloud computing or processing servers for execution or processing. Sometimes, some of the tasks that are submitted and are waiting in queues to be processed could be removed from the queues without being processed (task reneging or dropping). Removing tasks from the queue could result from the user's impatience, missing execution deadline, security reasons, or an active queue management strategy. The reneged or dropped tasks could be resubmitted depending on the reason for which it was dropped. The resubmission of tasks decreases QoS and increases the energy consumption overhead as more energy is required to transport the resubmitted tasks through the access, core, and data centre networks. In this paper, we propose a multiserver queueing model with correlated reneging and resubmission to analyse the performance of a cloud computing server.


Recent decades have seen accelerating interest in key factors of happiness driven by patterns of modern life. While more and more often global communities appeal to wider audiences, highlighting the need to commit to achievement of major goals of sustainable development, elimination of negative footprint and raising the bar of living standards, people are paying more attention to the living conditions they find themselves in. The government is focused on life satisfaction to identify major areas for improvement and to develop effective policy measures. This paper aims to estimate how and to which extent unfavorable ecological situation, primarily low air quality, impact population well-being and happiness. Recent studies point out that environmental conditions considerably influence subjective life satisfaction of an individual. On these pages, we test the relation between air pollution and people's happiness at country level. Our findings show significantly negative impact, which signals the need to reduce emissions and propose solutions to lower the level of air pollution.


This article highlights an aspiration specific to Seoul that is projected onto, experienced, and contested by North Korean refugee-migrants who have recently arrived by way of China in this capitalist city of a divided Korea. I pay particular attention to the role of the evangelical Protestant Church in the process of subjectification of these migrant individuals and the performative rituals by which they negotiate religious-political aspirations toward the future. The bodily-spiritual transformation of individual North Korean migrants into Christians is not strictly teleological and is more complicated, ambivalent, and diversified. By comparing two distinctive North Korean migrant activities—the balloon leaflet campaigns and the With-U music concerts and activities—this article discusses the efficacies of the performative rituals of violence and peace that contest and constitute the particular religious-political aspirations in the context of late-Cold War Seoul.


Not unlike Rashid al-din Fazlallah al-Hamadani or 'Ata Malek Jovaini, Taqizadeh was a man of politics, religion and scholarship. I became acquainted with him in early 1950's when I was a student in University of Tehran's School of Theology. He had been invited to deliver a series of lectures on the history of the Arabian Peninsula. His extensive knowledge on the subject, particularly his mastery of the characteristics of various Arab tribal communities, was quite impressive. In doing research for my doctoral dissertation on the Divan of Nasser Khosrow, I came across Taqizadeh's scholarly, comprehensive and detailed commentaries on the poet's works.
Years later, on the eve of my departure for London to teach Persian in the Oriental School of Languages, and being aware of Taqizadeh's own teaching experiences in England, I sought his guidance and advice. I was again impressed by his knowledge of the state of Iranian and Middle Eastern studies in the west and his familiarity with the works of prominent British scholars in these fields. It was during my stay in England, that Taqizadeh' friends and former students edited a festschrift in his honor titled "The Locust's Leg."
Taqizadeh was always eager to encourage young scholars and to introduce them to their older and preeminent peers. He believed that as a result of these personal contacts and collaborations scholarly traditions would be revived, updated and maintained. In the pursuit of his academic and scholarly goals Taqizadeh's humility and sense of fairness remained the most endearing of his traits. A man of ideas and action, surely Taqizadeh must be considered one of the most prominent scholars of the Islamic world.


........................................................................................................ iii ÖZET ................................................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... viii LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................. x LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................. xi CHAPTER


DNA replication initiates at discrete origins along eukaryotic chromosomes. However, in most organisms, origin firing is not efficient; a specific origin will fire in some but not all cell cycles. This observation raises the question of how individual origins are selected to fire and whether origin firing is globally coordinated to ensure an even distribution of replication initiation across the genome. We have addressed these questions by determining the location of firing origins on individual fission yeast DNA molecules using DNA combing. We show that the firing of replication origins is stochastic, leading to a random distribution of replication initiation. Furthermore, origin firing is independent between cell cycles; there is no epigenetic mechanism causing an origin that fires in one cell cycle to preferentially fire in the next. Thus, the fission yeast strategy for the initiation of replication is different from models of eukaryotic replication that propose coordinated origin firing.


This paper describes a study that examined parents' beliefs about children's number skill development. Twenty-seven parents of 4and 5-year-olds were interviewed about number tasks that could be solved by children between the ages of 4 and 7 years. In addition, parents were asked a series of open-ended questions about how they would answer a child's questions about math, their own experiences with math, and their expectations for their children's performance in math. Parents predicted that children would solve counting tasks prior to computational and number concept tasks. They expected that their own children would solve all types of number tasks earlier than other children. In addition, parents of boys expected them to solve all tasks earlier than did parents of girls. Finally, they believed that parents and schools have the most impact on early number development. It appears that parental beliefe concerning number development best fit a socialization model that emphasizes the importance of adults. Four tables showing analysis of variance are included. (GLR) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************


PURPOSE
After recently demonstrating an NADPH-diaphorase-, nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-positive ganglion cell plexus in the human choroid that was absent in rabbit and rat eyes, the authors extended their comparative studies to nonhuman primates and to subprimate mammals.

METHODS
The authors investigated the choroids of diurnal cynomolgus monkeys with well-developed fovea centralis and accommodative systems; diurnal tree shrews without a fovea centralis or accommodative capacity; nocturnal owl monkeys with substantial accommodative capacity but without a fovea centralis; cats with an area centralis but no fovea centralis; and pigs without an area centralis or a fovea centralis. The latter two species have moderately developed ciliary muscles. Wholemounts of the choroid of eight cynomolgus monkey, two owl monkey, four tree shrew, four cat, and four pig eyes were stained for NADPH-diaphorase. In addition, frozen sections through the cynomolgus monkey choroid were stained for NOS and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP).

RESULTS
In all species, the choroidal vessels were surrounded by NADPH-diaphorase-positive nerve fibers. A ganglion cell plexus, however, was seen only in cynomolgus monkey eyes. The ganglion cells stained for NOS and VIP.

CONCLUSIONS
The presence of intrachoroidal nitrergic nerve cells restricted to species with a fully developed fovea centralis may indicate a functional correlation of these structures.


This paper consists of two parts. The first part addresses the joint modeling of both spatial and temporal elements to perform dynamic evaluation of groundwater quality. In this part, a grey prediction method was used to predict missing values and then, on the basis of an entropy-weighting method, to build a dynamic weight model which continually changes with time; finally, a fuzzy evaluation method was used to evaluate groundwater quality. MATLAB was used to integrate these mathematical models. The second part describes the construction of a dynamic simulation platform which integrated mathematical models, a property database, and a spatial database, with secondary developments in geographic information system (GIS) and cloud-based simulation technology. All calculation steps and simulation programs were carried out on the simulation platform. The results indicated the grade of groundwater quality between II and IV. Groundwater quality gradually rose in the first and fourth quarters, but continually decreased in the second and third quarters. The lowest groundwater-quality value for the entire year appeared in October. This result also illustrates that turning points in groundwater quality appear when groundwater levels increase or decrease along rivers.


Runes, a unique functional writing system, exclusive to northern and eastern Europe, were used for some 1300 years in Scandinavia, from about AD 200 till around the end of the fourteenth century, when the runic alphabet finally gave way to the modern writing system. They were not written, but carved - in stone, and on jewellery, weapons, utensils and wood. The content of the inscriptions is very varied, from owner and carpenter attributions on artefacts to memorials to the deceased on erected stones; contrary to popular belief, they are not necessarily magical or mystical, and the post-it notes of today have their forerunners in such runic reminders as: 'Buy salt, and don't forget gloves for Sigrid.' The typical medieval runic inscription varies from the deeply religious to the highly trivial (or perhaps crucial), such as 'I slept with Vigdis when I was in Stavanger'. This book presents an accessible account of the Norwegian examples throughout the period of their use. The runic inscriptions are discussed not only from a linguistic point of view but also as sources of information on Norwegian history and culture. Terje Spurkland is Associate Professor of Nordic Medieval Studies at the University of Oslo.


Context. We show the benefits of using electron-multiplying CCDs and the shift-and-add technique as a tool to minimise the effects of atmospheric turbulence, such as blending between stars in crowded fields, and to avoid saturated stars in the fields observed. We intend to complete, or improve on, the census of the variable star population in globular cluster NGC 6715.

Aims. Our aim is to obtain high-precision time-series photometry of the very crowded central region of this stellar system via the collection of better angular resolution images than has been previously achieved with conventional CCDs on ground-based telescopes.

Methods. Observations were carried out using the Danish 1.54-m telescope at the ESO La Silla observatory in Chile. The telescope is equipped with an electron-multiplying CCD that enables short-exposure-time images to be obtained (ten images per second) that were stacked using the shift-and-add technique to produce the normal-exposure-time images (minutes). The high precision photometry was performed via difference image analysis employing the DanDIA pipeline. We attempted automatic detection of variable stars in the field.

Results. We statistically analysed the light curves of 1405 stars in the crowded central region of NGC 6715 to automatically identify the variable stars present in this cluster. We found light curves for 17 previously known variable stars near the edges of our reference image (16 RR Lyrae and 1 semi-regular) and we discovered 67 new variables (30 RR Lyrae, 21 irregular (long-period type), 3 semi-regular, 1 W Virginis, 1 eclipsing binary, and 11 unclassified). Photometric measurements for these stars are available in electronic form through the Strasbourg Astronomical Data Centre.


SUMMARY

Transaction cost economics (TCE) is an empirically supported, theoretical paradigm that has been used to understand and predict the outcomes of make-or-buy decisions. At the same time, TCE research has been criticized for focusing solely on firm-level economic determinants of decision outcomes without considering other factors that may impact decision making in organizations. The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of variables associated with TCE and compensation systems on the outcomes of make-or-buy decisions to compare the predictive ability of these variables in the current business environment. Findings indicate that functional group reward systems are associated with the outcomes of make-or-buy decisions. Surprisingly, no support is found for the association between the TCE variables and decision outcomes.


Mass-movement processes acting at up to three scales influence the intertidal forms of drainage in the Severn Estuary and its bordering estuarine alluvium. The open mudflats are marked by delicate drainage rills into which some freshly deposited silt is transferred at low tide by downslope creep, as shown by widespread systems of small extensional fractures. The pills traverse the areas of reclaimed alluvium and the saltings. They retain a relatively symmetrical cross-sectional profile, even where tortuous, and are remarkably stable in both general position and detailed form. The pills are maintained by large rotational slips accompanied in many cases by channelled mudflows formed from much smaller failures. A profile of long-term sediment accumulation that favours the loading of the upper sides of the pills, irrespective of local channel curvature, appears to be a significant factor in the maintenance of these drainage lines.


Toric varieties are algebraic varieties arising from elementary geometric and combinatorial objects such as convex polytopes in Euclidean space with vertices on lattice points. Since many algebraic geometry notions such as singularities, birational maps, cycles, homology, intersection theory, and Riemann-Roch translate into simple facts about polytopes, toric varieties provide a marvelous source of examples in algebraic geometry. In the other direction, general facts from algebraic geometry have implications for such polytopes, such as to the problem of the number of lattice points they contain. In spite of the fact that toric varieties are very special in the spectrum of all algebraic varieties, they provide a remarkably useful testing ground for general theories.The aim of this mini-course is to develop the foundations of the study of toric varieties, with examples, and describe some of these relations and applications. The text concludes with Stanley's theorem characterizing the numbers of simplicies in each dimension in a convex simplicial polytope. Although some general theorems are quoted without proof, the concrete interpretations via simplicial geometry should make the text accessible to beginners in algebraic geometry.


This chapter assesses the critical issue of political reform in the Middle East. The Arab world has been slow to respond to the global processes of democratization. The chapter then highlights the political economy of states, the persistence of conflict, regime type, and the ambiguity over the relationship between democracy and Islam. This relationship is not necessarily a contradictory one. Islamic discourse is marked by participation and diversity rather than by rigidity and intolerance. Further, as the Arab Spring has illustrated, civil society is vibrant and growing in many states across the region. Meanwhile, responses from the West to political reform have been lukewarm, with stability and regional alliances privileged over democracy. The evidence from the region, even before the Arab uprisings, is that peoples want better and more representative government, even if they remain unclear as to what type of government that should be.


Background: Adult nasolacrimal sac mucocele, dacryocystocele, is a rare complication of chronic dacryocysitis.
Study design and methods: Case report
Case presentation: We report two adult cases in which epiphora and a bluish cystic mass was located inferior to medial canthus. Nasolacrimal sac mucocele in both cases was successfully cured by endoscopic marsupialization.
Conclusions: The successful outcomes were obtained by endoscopic marsupialization of the nasolacrimal sac mucocele.


I. To the extent that we can identify a "public sphere" in seventeenth century England, we must acknowledge that it was a public sphere constructed, maintained, and negotiated by the near-absolute rhetorical legitimacy of the English Bible.(1) During this century of revolution, the Bible served as both an agent for radical change and as the basis for preserving the status quo. Christopher Hill goes so far as to assert that the seventeenth-century English Bible was "the source of virtually all ideas, [and] it supplied the idiom in which men and women discussed them" (34). Hans Frei, commenting on this same phenomenon, describes the three basic interpretive assumptions at the center of the 17th century, s understanding of biblical history: 1) that the stories in the Bible referred to and described actual historical occurrences"; 2) that the different narratives in the Bible reflected a single, continuous narrative thread in which it was possible to make all of the different narratives constituent elements of one great story; and 3) that, since the continuous narrative of the Bible reflected "the one and only real world, it must in principal embrace the experience of any present age and reader" (2-3). What these assumptions ultimately mean is that the English public during the seventeenth century was involved in a collective effort to write themselves into a sustained master narrative of sacred history. This great narrative began in the Garden of Eden as described in the Book of Genesis and would not end until the Battle of Armageddon as described in the Book of Revelation, somewhere within the narrative framework established by these events could be found supposedly accurate representations of all of the political turmoil that the seventeenth century produced. Writing about the way Dryden engaged biblical themes for political ends, Steven Zwicker coins the phrase "political typology" to describe the kind of narrative construction in which contemporary political events were connected to biblical narratives as integral parts of the same coherent whole. According to Zwicker, the purpose of political typology is to "shape contemporary events in a manner that allows the reader to see how the present day embodies the past and, through that association, comes itself to participate in an eternal repetition of the events that the Bible records." Dryden, like all of the great writers and thinkers of his day, was intimately involved with the construction not merely of a history, but of a historical totality. And, as Zwicker concludes, "the biblical metaphor ... and the contemporary political applications are all working to transform the Restoration present tense and the biblical past into a symbolic eternal tense" (101). In such a rhetorical environment, any debate about social, political, cultural, or economic policy was, at least to some degree, a debate about what the Bible said or meant for the modern world. And since the modern world in seventeenth-century England revolved, to a great extent, around questions of kingship and royal prerogative, what the Bible had to say about kings was of critical importance to almost everybody. As the century marched from the Parliamentary Revolution through the Regicide, the Interregnum, the Exclusion Crisis, the Glorious Revolution, and towards the next century's succession crisis, both royalists and revolutionaries alike found themselves obliged to construct their visions of both the present and the future of England around interpretations of the biblical narratives involving kingship and royalty. Fortunately, there is no shortage of such narratives. Seventeenth-century literature, philosophy, and political discourse regularly featured contemporary political allusions cast in the guise of writings about Nimrod, Nebuchadnezzar, Sennarcherib, Jeroboam, and Jehosophat, and nearly every other monarch mentioned in the Old or New Testaments. By far, though, the most important royal narratives are those contained in the Books of Samuel, centering on the pivotal and controversial figure of King David. …


Concurrent measurements by satellite tracked drifters of different hull and drogue configurations and coastal high-frequency radar reveal substantial differences in estimates of the near-surface velocity. These measurements are important for understanding and predicting material transport on the ocean surface as well as the vertical structure of the near-surface currents. These near-surface current observations were obtained during a field experiment in the northern Gulf of Mexico intended to test a new ultra-thin drifter design. During the experiment, thirty small cylindrical drifters with 5 cm height, twenty-eight similar drifters with 10 cm hull height, and fourteen drifters with 91 cm tall drogues centered at 100 cm depth were deployed within the footprint of coastal High-Frequency (HF) radar. Comparison of collocated velocity measurements reveals systematic differences in surface velocity estimates obtained from the different measurement techniques, as well as provides information on properties of the drifter behavior and near-surface shear. Results show that the HF radar velocity estimates had magnitudes significantly lower than the 5 cm and 10 cm drifter velocity of approximately 45% and 35%, respectively. The HF radar velocity magnitudes were similar to the drogued drifter velocity. Analysis of wave directional spectra measurements reveals that surface Stokes drift accounts for much of the velocity difference between the drogued drifters and the thin surface drifters except during times of wave breaking.


The lead isotope data of lead coffin fragments found in late-Roman cemeteries in the Rheinland (Koln-Aachen area), Germany, generally cluster in a very narrow range. The coincidence of the lead isotope composition with that of post-Variscan galenas from the Eifel area south of the Rheinland indicates the provenance of the lead metal from ores mined there. It can be speculated that at least part of the lead metal of the coffins is a by-product of late-Roman silver production from Eifel galenas.


Background: OSMF, apre-malignant condition is a very common and chronic condition occurring mostly due to habit of tobacco consumption and various other factors which affects the oral cavity characterized by mucosal burning on consuming hot & spicy food, oral ulcerations, fibrosis leading to difficulty in mouth opening. There are vast treatment options for this condition including pharmacotherapy, physiotherapy, surgical approaches but in our study we used an ayurvedic preparation called ksheerabala oil which has least side effects and is having holistic approach for treatment. It will also be compared with effectiveness of steroid mouthwash in the treatment of OSMF. Objectives: To evaluate efficacy of steroid mouthwash, ksheerabala oil and the combination of ksheerabala oil and steroid mouthwash in improvement and management of mouth opening, burning sensation of the mouth and cheek flexibility. Method: This study targets 90 patients clinically diagnosed to have OSMF which will be divided in three groups: Group A, B & C with 30 subjects in each group. Group A will be instructed to gargle with 10 ml of 0.1% Dexamethasone for 10 min. three times daily for 1 month. Group B will be instructed to to gargle initially with 10 ml of 0.1% Dexamethasone for 10 min& then with 10 ml of ksheerabala oil for 10 min three times daily for 1 month & Group C to gargle with 10 ml of ksheerabala oil for 10min three times daily for 1 month. Patients will be recalled after every 7 days for a period of 1 month and on each visit, mouth opening, burning sensation and cheek flexibility will be recorded. Results: The primary outcome of the study will be increase in degree of mouth opening and secondary outcome will be decrease in burning sensation and improvement in cheek flexibility after treatment in OSMF patients. The severity of burning sensation will reduce after using ksheerabala oil and steroid mouthwash both while combination of both may or may not be effective but ksheerabala oil will be more effective in improvement of mouth opening and cheek flexibility compared to steroid. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine ISSN 2515-8260 Volume 7, Issue 2, 202


This document gives formatting guidelines for authors preparing papers for publication in the International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering The authors must follow the instructions given in the document for the papers to be published Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of thousands of tiny nodes having the capability of sensing, computation, and wireless communications. Wireless sensor network can suffer partition problem in the network which is called a cut. So a single topology of the network breaks into two or more parts. Here we discuss several cut detection techniques to detect the cuts in WSN. Keywords— WSN-wireless sensor networks, MEMS-microelectromechanical system, QOS-quality of service p2p-point to point.


AC+erm was a three-year project funded by the Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC) that was conceived as an investigation of the current state of electronic records management (ERM) and as a catalyst for positive change. It investigated three key aspects of managing records: people, processes, and technology. It involved innovative methodological approaches: the first Systematic Literature Review (SLR) within the records management discipline; modification of the classic Delphi Study method and its use in combination with colloquia; use of the Cynefin framework as an analysis tool for understanding the highly complex problem of ERM. Analysis was largely qualitative, using methods that were often rare in the field (faceted classification) or experimental (phenomenological analysis). From the outset, on-going digital dissemination to inform professional practice was given equal priority with more academic peer-reviewed outputs, in line with the project's aim to develop and share appropriate practical approaches for the contemporary business environment.


Hiroki Yoshikuni, "Kant with Bartleby: A Fate of Freedom" (pp. 37–63) This essay explores the problem of the "unaccountable" in Herman Melville's "Bartleby, the Scrivener" (1856) in light of the Kantian idea of freedom. The lawyer-narrator declares his own inability to tell a story of Bartleby, but by doing so he also emphasizes the scrivener's accountableness, by which Bartleby is presented as a character of exceptional originality. Bartleby might thus appear free in the Kantian sense, because his unaccountableness suggests that the determining ground of his will is not determined by inclinations in nature but is independent from it. But, pointing out that this construction of Bartleby is based on unaccountableness that ends up in nothing but the modern notion of individualism or subjectivity, which is not freedom as such but a fantasy of freedom, I argue that Bartleby destroys precisely such subjectivity by his thing-like immobility. The lawyer cannot decide at last whether Bartleby is a human subject or a piece of furniture fixed in his office.


Recent and established research continues to demonstrate the need for school leaders to adapt their leadership practices to reflect the increasing demands associated with their role. This is particularly true for principals of large middle schools. Through the implementation of a distributive leadership framework, a principal can share responsibilities with qualified staff while promoting an institution-wide culture of trust that empowers teachers. The purpose of this correlational, quantitative research study was to examine the extent to which relationships exist between distributed leadership, school culture, and the self-efficacy of teachers within public middle schools in central New Jersey. This study was informed by Spillane's and Elmore's theoretical frameworks concerning distributed leadership, Bolman and Deal's framework concerning school culture, and Bandura's framework for self-efficacy. This study's sample was 162 certified middle school teachers from five middle schools in central New Jersey. Each participating teacher completed a 73 question survey that gathered data on distributed leadership practices within their school, their school culture, and their view of their own self-efficacy. This quantitative data was collected utilizing the following three survey instruments: the Distributive Leadership Inventory (DLI), the School Culture Survey (SCS), and the Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale (TSES). Basic demographic information was also collected from the respondents. This study identified significant relationships between distributed leadership, school culture, and teacher self-efficacy. These results indicate the need for school leadership to adopt a holistic framework for leading large complex organizations such as middle schools. Within the


Physical inactivity is a major national concern, particularly among individuals with chronic conditions and/or disabilities. There is an urgent need to devise practical and innovative fitness methods, designed and grounded in physical, psychological and social considerations that will effectively promote physical fitness participation among individuals of all age groups with chronic health condition(s) and/or disabilities. This research is dedicated to achievingVersatile, Individualized, and Generative ORchestrator (VIGOR) to motivate the movement of the people with limited mobility. TaiChi is a traditional mind–body wellness and healing art, and its clinical benefits have been well documented. This work presents a Tai-Chi based VIGOR under development. Through the use ofHelping, Pushing and Coaching (HPC) functions by following Tai-Chi kinematics, the VIGOR system is designed to make engagement in physical activity an affordable, individually engaging, and enjoyable experience for individuals who live with mobility due to disease or injury. VIGOR consists of the following major modules: (1) seamless human-machine interaction based on the acquisition, transmission, and reconstruction of 4D data (XYZ plus somatosensory) using affordable I/O instruments such as Kinect, Sensor and Tactile actuator, and active-orthosis/exoskeleton; (2) processing and normalization of kinetic data; (3) Identification and grading of kinetics in real time; (4) adaptive virtual limb generation and its reconstruction on virtual reality (VR) or active-orthosis/exoskeleton; and (5) individualized physical activity choreography (i.e., creative movement design). Aiming at developing a deeplearning-enabled rehab and fitness modality through infusing the domain knowledge (physical therapy, medical anthropology, psychology, electrical engineering, biomechanics, and athletic aesthetics) into deep neural network, this work is transformative in that the technology can be applied to the broad research areas of intelligent systems, human-computer interaction, and cyber-physical human systems. The resulting VIGOR has significant potentials as both rehabilitative and fitness modalities and can be adapted to other movement modalities and chronic medical conditions (e.g., yoga and balance exercise; fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease).


One of the hallmarks of topological insulators is the correspondence between the value of its bulk topological invariant and the number of topologically protected edge modes observed in a finite-sized sample. This bulk-boundary correspondence has been well-tested for strong topological invariants, and forms the basis for all proposed technological applications of topology. Here, we report that a group of weak topological invariants, which depend only on the symmetries of the atomic lattice, also induces a particular type of bulk-boundary correspondence. It predicts the presence or absence of states localised at the interface between two inversion-symmetric band insulators with trivial values for their strong invariants, based on the space group representation of the bands on either side of the junction. We show that this corresponds with symmetry-based classifications of topological materials. The interface modes are protected by the combination of band topology and symmetry of the interface, and may be used for topological transport and signal manipulation in heterojunction-based devices.


We propose a new adaptive sampling approach to multiple testing which aims to maximize statistical power while ensuring anytime false discovery control. We consider $n$ distributions whose means are partitioned by whether they are below or equal to a baseline (nulls), versus above the baseline (true positives). In addition, each distribution can be sequentially and repeatedly sampled. Using techniques from multi-armed bandits, we provide an algorithm that takes as few samples as possible to exceed a target true positive proportion (i.e. proportion of true positives discovered) while giving anytime control of the false discovery proportion (nulls predicted as true positives). Our sample complexity results match known information theoretic lower bounds and through simulations we show a substantial performance improvement over uniform sampling and an adaptive elimination style algorithm. Given the simplicity of the approach, and its sample efficiency, the method has promise for wide adoption in the biological sciences, clinical testing for drug discovery, and maximization of click through in A/B/n testing problems.


Severe aortic stenosis (AS) is currently defined as an aortic valve area (AVA) 40 mm Hg and/or peak aortic jet velocity (Vmax) >4 m/s. Only patients with severe AS associated with symptoms or left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50% present an European Society of Cardiology class I indication for aortic valve replacement (AVR),1 based on the findings of Ross's and Braunwald's landmark report showing a dramatic increase in mortality after symptom onset in patients with AS while 'operative treatment was deemed to be the most common cause of sudden death in asymptomatic AS patients'. The annualised rate of sudden death is estimated to be around 1% per year in asymptomatic patients, which must be weighed up against the operative mortality of AVR (1%–3% in patients aged <70 years and 3%–8% in older patients). In addition, the native valve is usually replaced by a prosthetic valve, which is associated with specific life-threatening complications (thrombosis, endocarditis, need for reoperation). In contrast, it has been suggested that some patients with severe asymptomatic AS may be operated at an excessively advanced stage of the disease, at which myocardial impairment is at least partially irreversible, consequently resulting in a higher risk of mortality and heart failure (HF). This debate remains unresolved, as some experts suggest early surgery to spare the left ventricle (LV) and improve long-term survival, while others advocate AVR only after onset of symptoms.

The slowly progressive nature of AS combined with the relatively advanced age of the population affected by this disease predispose to under-reporting and/or underestimation of symptoms. Thus, a recent series based on cardiopulmonary exercise testing reported a 28% rate of 'false asymptomatic AS patients'. Exercise …


The Neoproterozoic Port Askaig Formation contains widespread pyrite within many diamictite beds, across Scotland and Ireland. The quantity of pyrite is anomalous for coarse-grained rocks, especially in rocks deposited at a time when seawater contained low sulphate levels owing to a continental ice cover, which inhibited weathering. Sulphur isotope compositions evolve from lightest values (down to −3.1‰) at the base of the formation to highly positive compositions in the overlying Bonahaven Dolomite (mean +44.8‰). This trend is consistent with progressive utilization of available sulphate by closed-system microbial sulphate reduction. Together with records from other contemporary diamictite successions, there emerges a picture of global microbial activity during Neoproterozoic 'Snowball Earth' glaciation. Supplementary material: Details of the sulphur isotopic composition are given at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3768959.


The main aim of this study was to further our understanding of the diversity of a freshwater picocyanobacterial community. The HIP 1 PCR typing technique was developed and applied to 506 isolates of picocyanobacteria from a field study on Esthwaite Water in 2000. This study has demonstrated that genetic diversity existed within the picocyanobacteria characterised morphologically by rod shaped cells and high phycocyanin pigment content. Picocyanobacteria of this morphology represented a significant proportion of the picocyanobacterial community within the lake in 2000, which was typical of summer conditions for that lake. Twenty-one HIP 1 types were defined; ninety isolates were not assigned to a type as they generated HIP 1 PCR products which were insufficiently similar to less than five other isolates. The diversity of HIP 1 PCR products generated from isolates within the types ranged from homogeneous complex patterns to similarity of one key PCR product and heterogeneity of minor products. It is likely that on further isolation and testing of isolates within the more heterogeneous types further splitting of these types will be appropriate. The HIP 1 types were each re-isolated on at least two sampling occasions (one month apart). Some types were isolated from sites spanning the sampling period demonstrating that there was some stability within the HIP 1 types within the picocyanobacterial community within Esthwaite Water over the summer of 2000. Some types appeared to be isolated more successfully at different times of the sampling period suggesting a temporal shift/changes of HIP 1 types in the picocyanobacterial community between June and October in Esthwaite Water. It was possible to demonstrate that three HIP 1 types were isolated at statistically different success rates from some spatial or temporal locations. It was concluded that picocyanobacteria are considerably more diverse than indicated by gross morphology. Picocyanobacteria of different genotypes may play a range of functional roles within the freshwater environment. The HIP 1 PCR typing technique may allow us to get a handle on the diversity of this group in order to investigate this further. Within this study the HIP 1 PCR typing technique was developed for application to field study. Several methods of DNA extraction were compared; the Dynabeads DNA Direct System 1 was selected for use in the field study as it produced the most reliable template for PCR at the lowest processing time and cost. The discrimination, specificity and reproducibility for the technique were investigated and the technique continued to show potential for application to field studies. A method was devised for assessing the similarity of PCR products amplified by HIP 1 PCR for application to the field study isolates. This method was demonstrated as sufficient to appropriately group the PCR products from four different templates of cyanobacterial DNA separated repeatedly on different electrophoresis gels. On application to the field isolates this method assisted with the grouping of isolates into HIP 1 types, however the final user interpretation of the PCR products was also necessary. It is also expected that on further isolation/analysis of these types further definition of HIP 1 genotypes will be appropriate. The HIP 1 PCR technique has been demonstrated to be a useful tool for assessing diversity within ecological studies. The major advantages of the technique compared to others are the discrimination, cost, speed and simplicity of the technique and capacity for analysis of large numbers of isolates. The major limitation of the technique is the requirement for isolation of cyanobacteria.


In this paper we demonstrate the application of object detection networks for the classification and localization of cells in fluorescence microscopy. We benchmark two leading object detection algorithms across multiple challenging 2-D microscopy datasets as well as develop and demonstrate an algorithm which can localize and image cells in 3-D, in real-time. Furthermore, we exploit the fast processing of these algorithms and develop a simple and effective Augmented Reality (AR) system for fluorescence microscopy systems. Object detection networks are well-known high performance networks famously applied to the task of identifying and localizing objects in photography images. Here we show their application and efficiency for localizing cells in fluorescence microscopy images. Object detection algorithms are typically trained on many thousands of images, which can be prohibitive within the biological sciences due to the cost of imaging and annotating large amounts of data. Through taking different cell types and assays as an example, we show that with some careful considerations it is possible to achieve very high performance with datasets with as few as 26 images present. Using our approach, it is possible for relatively non-skilled users to automate detection of cell classes with a variety of appearances and enable new avenues for automation of conventionally manual fluorescence microscopy acquisition pipelines.


Vector quantization techniques are currently favored in speech compression. Recently a nonadaptive form of vector quantization was proposed for monochrome image compression. In this paper, color picture compression by adaptive vector quantization is presented. Both spatial and spectral redundancy is exploited. Adaptive vector quantization of color pictures is shown to produce better mean-square-error result than block cosine transform coding, for the same data rate. No statistical image model is assumed. Decoding is a simple process of table look-up, permitting video-rate decoding, thus only a small refresh memory containing the codewords is necessary.


Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Bureaucracy and Democracy 3. Agency Discretion 4. The Requirement of Fairness 5. Delegation 6. Agency Rulemaking 7. Agency Investigations and Information Collection 8. Formal Adjudications 9. Accountability through Reviewability 10. Accountability through Accessibility 11. Accountability through Liability Appendix A: Constitution of the United States of America Appendix B: Administrative Procedure Act Excerpts Appendix C: Selected Executive Orders Appendix D: Researching Administrative Law Issues


Currently there are several pending antitrust suits challenging NCAA rules restricting the economic benefits intercollegiate athletes may receive for their sports participation. Although remedying the inherent problems of commercialized college sports (primarily Division I football and men's basketball) is a laudable objective, a free market solution mandated by antitrust law may have unintended adverse consequences. Judicial invalidation of these rules may inhibit universities from providing many athletes with a college education they would not otherwise receive, by eliminating or reducing the value of scholarships for many players whose economic value is less than the cost of an education. A wholly "free market" for player talent will also severely limit universities' ability to provide academic and athletic opportunities to thousands of women and men participating in nonrevenue sports, which are funded by surplus revenues from football and men's basketball. Rather than professionalizing college sports through antitrust litigation or unionization, we propose an open and transparent system of federal regulation combined with antitrust immunity for reforms voluntarily adopted by the NCAA. To better promote the educational values and economic sustainability of intercollegiate athletics, our proposed Congressional intercollegiate athletics reform legislation would have three mandatory requirements: 1) at least a 4-year athletic scholarship with limited university termination rights; 2) medical care or health insurance for all sports-related injuries and scholarship extensions for injuries; and 3) elimination of the NCAA requirement that Division I universities operate at least 14 intercollegiate sports. It would create an independent commission to propose non-binding intercollegiate athletics regulations. NCAA and athletic conference conduct that complies with these regulations would receive antitrust immunity.


The aim of the present thesis has been to reconstruct as far as possible the life and times of the historical Caitanya (Sri Krsna-Caitanya), a Bengali Saint who lived from 1486 to 1533 and founded an important Vaisnava movement in Bengal, popularly known as Neo Vaisnavism.;We have devoted eight chapters to the reconstruction of Caitanya's life. In the main the following method has been adopted. In each chapter summaries of various versions of the particular incident or episode to be discussed in that chapter have been presented in the manner of evidence in a court of enquiry. We have then examined the various accounts put forward by our various witnesses and other biographers and tried to determine the main outline or framework of events in each case. Where a witness/biographer has appeared to distort unduly this basic outline, which is found in the majority of the versions, we have attempted to ascertain the reason for this particular distortion of his evidence. Thus to some extent, the thesis not only examines the life of the historical Caitanya, but also the myth-making process, as revealed in his various biographies.;Throughout these eight chapters our method has been to be as far as possible objective, i.e., we have attempted to view Caitanya with modern, twentieth-century eyes. In the final chapter we have tried to see him with the eyes of sixteenth-century man in the context of his times. Thus in this final chapter we have been forced to bring to bear our imaginative insight, to penetrate into the mind of Caitanya and his companions in order to gain a more complete perspective of the man and his times.


Moral values influence individual behavior and social interactions. A specially significant instance is the case of moral values concerning work effort. Individuals determine what they take to be proper behaviour and judge the others, and themselves, accordingly. They increase their esteem -and self-esteem- for those who perform in excess of the standard and decrease their esteem for those who work less. These changes in self-esteem result from the self-regulatory emotions of guilt or pride extensively studied in Social Psychology. We examine the interactions between sentiments, individual behaviour and the social contract in a model of rational voting over redistribution where individual self-esteem and relative es-teem for others are endogenously determined. Individuals differ in their productivities. The desired extent of redistribution depends both on individual income and on individual attitudes toward others. We characterize the politico-economic equilibria in which sentiments, labor supply and redistribution are simultaneously determined. The model has two types of equilibria. In "cohesive" equilibria, all individuals conform to the standard of proper behaviour, income inequality is low and social esteem is not biased toward any particular type. Under these conditions equilibrium redistribution increases in response to larger inequality. In a "clustered" equilibrium skilled workers work above the mean while unskilled workers work below. In such an equilibrium, income inequality is large and sentiments are biased in favor of the industrious. As inequality increases, this bias may eventually overtake the egoistic demand for greater taxation and equilibrium redistribution decreases. The type of equilibrium that emerges crucially depends on inequality. We contrast the predictions of the model with data on inequality, redistribution, work values and attitudes toward work and toward the poor for a set of OECD countries.


ABSTRACT Telepsychotherapy by videoconference (VC) is an effective way to treat clients over the Internet, yet therapists often report concerns that VC could affect the therapeutic relationship by hindering the perception of nonverbal behaviors such as eye contact. To date, no simple procedure describes the technical adjustments needed to compensate for the unnatural angle between the eye gaze of the participants and the webcam that is pervasive to most commercial VC systems. This article describes the steps towards a practical and inexpensive VC setup that enables eye contact between therapists and clients. Moreover, this setup allows users to choose between two camera framing conditions: a zoomed-out, head-to-waist framing or a zoomed-in, head-to-chest framing. These two setups were tested by four therapist-client dyads in simulated telepsychotherapy sessions. Participants indicated that they preferred the framing condition congruent with their desire to be "closer" or "farther" from their partner, highlighting how their perception of psychological distance was related to the degree of camera zooming in VC. The article provides recommendations for different adaptations that therapists and clients can implement to maximize their experience of telepsychotherapy by VC.


The emergence of the AIDS epidemic in the early 1980s had a significant impact in Europe because it reawakened concerns about infectious diseases thought to be long-conquered by that time. So it not only affected mortality at certain relatively young ages, but also shifted the perception of health care needs. Even today, AIDS mortality in Spain is among the highest in Europe. It peaked there in 1994 before the wider use of combination therapy reduced the probability of dying from the disease. Analysis of data for that year reveals excess AIDS mortality among young adults. This phenomenon created a temporary but significant deformation of the risks of dying for people in their thirties: in the mid-1990s, AIDS mortality represented almost a third of total mortality in this age group in Spain.


ABSTRACT The study of the processes and effects of internationalization has become a major field of inquiry in the social sciences. This article takes stock of corresponding research efforts in the field of public administration (PA) to understand the internationalization phenomenon by analyzing studies that were systematically sampled from major PA journals over recent decades. After delineating, sampling, categorizing, and subsequently examining the scholarly production of PA regarding what can be understood as the internationalization of domestic PA, three major themes of PA-related debates are identified: diffusion, resistance, and the transformation of bureaucratic power. The article concludes that PA has developed neither genuine research questions nor a coherent theoretical framework able to come to grips with the internationalization challenge. It ends with an appeal for PA to become aware of this deficit and recommends PA scholars liaise more intensively with other social sciences to overcome the current state of affairs.


Abstract Career and professional identities are utilized as a conceptual framework to consider the complexities of basketball players' working lives amidst mid-season coach change. Seven male professional basketball players, working in top European leagues, participated in semi-structured interviews. The interviews were centred on career trajectories and incidents of mid-season coach change. Results indicate sports workers' career success is contingent upon strategically undertaking identity work in order to best respond to the demands of the organizational context. Players' experiences of coach turnover, for example, may have varied however, the event had discernible influence on how they understood themselves, their positional relationship and overall longevity in the sport. Of concern is the necessity for organizations to appreciate their roles in shaping the settings in which their employees work, and the related consequences that contextual changes have in worker's abilities to labour and the strategies they may need to utilize to cope with such change.


We propose microwave-enhanced spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy with the same measurement and analysis processes as in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, but with a different plasma generation mechanism. The size and lifetime of the plasma generated can contribute to increased measurement accuracy and expand its applicability to industrial measurement, such as an exhaust gas analyzer for automobile engine development and its regulation, which has been hard to operate by laser at an engineering evaluation site. The use of microwaves in this application helps lower the cost, reduce the system size, and increase the ease of operation to make it commercially viable. A microwave frequency of 2.45 GHz was used to enhance the volume and lifetime of the plasma at atmospheric condition even at elevated pressure.


The Nile Delta is a subsiding sedimentary basin that hosts ~66% of Egypt's population and 60% of the country's food production. Projected sea-level-rise scenarios for the coming decades have sharpened focus on the delta's potential resilience to rapid changes in accommodation space. We use chronostratigraphic data from 194 organic-rich peat and lagoon points to quantitatively reevaluate the drivers of Nile Delta surface dynamics during the Holocene. Reconstructed subsidence rates range from 0.03 to 4.5 mm/yr, and are highest in the Manzala, Burullus, Idku, and Maryut lagoons, areas that correspond to deep late Pleistocene topography infi lled with compressible Holocene strata; 88% of the subsidence values are <2 mm/ yr. We suggest that during the Holocene two signifi cant but previously underestimated contributors to changes in Nile Delta mass balance have been sediment compaction and orbitally forced changes in sediment supply. Between 8000 and 4000 calibrated (cal) 14 C yr B.P., spatially averaged sedimentation rates were greater than subsidence, meaning that delta aggradation was the dominant geomorphological process at the regional scale. Since ca. 4000 cal yr B.P., a sharp climate-driven fall in Nile sediment supply, coupled with the human-induced drainage of deltaic wetlands, has rendered the depocenter more sensitive to degradation by sea-level rise and extreme fl ood events.


Human perception of 3D shapes goes beyond reconstructing them as a set of points or a composition of geometric primitives: we also effortlessly understand higher-level shape structure such as the repetition and reflective symmetry of object parts. In contrast, recent advances in 3D shape sensing focus more on low-level geometry but less on these higher-level relationships. In this paper, we propose 3D shape programs, integrating bottom-up recognition systems with top-down, symbolic program structure to capture both low-level geometry and high-level structural priors for 3D shapes. Because there are no annotations of shape programs for real shapes, we develop neural modules that not only learn to infer 3D shape programs from raw, unannotated shapes, but also to execute these programs for shape reconstruction. After initial bootstrapping, our end-to-end differentiable model learns 3D shape programs by reconstructing shapes in a self-supervised manner. Experiments demonstrate that our model accurately infers and executes 3D shape programs for highly complex shapes from various categories. It can also be integrated with an image-to-shape module to infer 3D shape programs directly from an RGB image, leading to 3D shape reconstructions that are both more accurate and more physically plausible.


The use of the Internet at most universities worldwide has introduced a dramatic change in the traditional method of delivering instruction. This was not the case just a few years ago. Through an empirical analysis, this paper examines the attitudes of undergraduate students with regard to their experience in an Internet-based class in the United States. The findings indicated that the students found the Internet-based course very convenient and it encouraged them to use technology both in their academic and professional careers. The findings of the study will also provide academic institutions in other countries with information regarding the effectiveness of this approach. Introduction Internet-based tools have significantly enhanced the ability to impart knowledge not only in the traditional classroom setting but also through the concept of distance education. Distance education is increasingly found across institutions of higher learning worldwide. For instance, the European Association of Distance Teaching Universities (EADTU) was established in January 1987 by the principals of Europe's major distance teaching institutions. The EADTU was created to promote cooperation between European organizations dedicated to higher education through distant teaching methodology. The organization consists of 19 countries collectively providing distance education programs to over 900,000 students (European Association of Distance Teaching Universities, 2003). Researchers have found that learners retain approximately 20 percent of what they hear and approximately 40 percent of what they hear and see, and approximately 75 percent of what they hear, see and do (Petty & Rosen, 1987). With regard to distance education, students hear, see and continually utilize the technologies, rather than simply watching an instructor use the technology in a traditional classroom. In the Internet-based class used in our study, the technology tool was WebCT. WebCT, Inc. is a provider of distance media for higher education (WebCT Inc, 2003). The methods by which the student participated in the class were as follows: Internet-based exams were given; writing assignments were submitted via email attachment and were graded and returned via email attachment to the student. Discussions were conducted through threaded discussion and live chat rooms. While participation in an Internet-based class may appear somewhat static on the surface, our study revealed that virtual classrooms can actually be very dynamic environments that require a somewhat different skill set than the traditional classroom (Dwyer, Barbieri, & Doerr, May 2002). This paper investigates student perceptions of Internet-based learning in a required Management of Information Systems class. The study examines the observations of undergraduate students with regard to their experiences in an Internet-based class, their attitudes toward functioning as member of this class, their perceptions of learning outcomes, and whether the class was a positive or negative learning experience. As universities worldwide strive to make decisions regarding the appropriateness of Internet-based instruction, the findings of our study provide administrators and instructors with information regarding the effectiveness of a distance learning approach. An Internet-based Approach Virtual classrooms exist routinely at most universities. With the addition of Internet-based classes, universities are able to grow their student bodies to virtually limitless boundaries. However, this scenario can lead to other problems such as qualified faculty, technological infrastructure and the financial resources to serve the off-campus student (Ryder & Wilson, 1996). There are many complicating factors as traditional universities strive to create virtual classrooms and to serve the masses (Serwatka, 2002). In most universities, traditional classroom instructors are encouraged to become instructors of Internet-based classes. …


The article presents the most popular theories of the origins of capoeira, focusing on main meaning of this sport: the protest, the play and the dance. The capoeira is a Brazilian martial art, which combines elements of dance, acrobatics, music and game. It is nowadays very popular in both Americas and Europe (including Poland), but primarily it was only an art of African slaves and lower classes in Brazil. It is not well known how the capoeira came into existence, but the most popular of the theories emphasizes the role of the rebellion of the African slaves against white rulers of Brazil. In this theory capoeira was an idea of fighting without any weapon and the role of dance and music was to hide the rebellious character of the martial art. Even if this theory is not convincing, it is still one of the most attractive elements of the philosophy of capoeira and it creates a romantic myth of this martial art.


Stand-alone and networked surgical simulators based on virtual reality have been proposed as a means to train surgeons in specific surgical skills with or without expert guidance and supervision. However, a surgical operation usually involves a group of medical practitioners who cooperate as team members. To this end, CNVSS have been proposed for the collaborative training of surgical procedures in which users with different surgical roles can take part in the training session. To be successful, these simulators should guarantee synchronicity, which requires (1) consistent viewing of the surgical scene and (2) a quick response time. These two variables are affected by factors such as users' machine capabilities and network conditions. As far as we know, the impact of these factors on the performance of CNVSS has not been evaluated. In this paper, we describe the development of CNVSS and a statistical factorial design of experiments (DOE) to determine the most important factors affecting collaboration in CNVSS. From the results obtained, it was concluded that delay, jitter, packet loss percentage, and processor speed have a major impact on collaboration in CNVSS.


Granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis are two autoimmune diseases characterised by necrotising small-vessel vasculitis and presence of antineutrophil cytoplasm autoantibodies (ANCA). Current immunosuppressive regimes that combine cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids have dramatically improved the outcome for these patients. However, these treatments are associated with toxic effects and do not lead to permanent remission in the majority of cases. Newer approaches have been sought during the last 15 years, with improvement in medication protocols and inclusion of novel therapies. This review develops on seven clinical conundrums of evidence-based therapeutic strategies for ANCA-vasculitis, posed as questions on aspects such as the role of established drugs in both remission induction and maintenance: glucocorticoids (and its duration), oral cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, TNF-α blockers, plasma exchange, mycophenolate mofetil, plus one related to newer developments in treatment with agents blocking the complement system and the possible role of sequential or combined therapies, mainly directed against B cells.


This research guide identifies some of the major resources that support research in the Seminar on Policy Practice at Columbia University's School of Social Work.


Every farmer can tell you where the best place is to get good mobile phone reception on his or her farm. This is usually half way up the koppie behind the house, on the dam wall or by the kitchen's back door. And even then you'd be lucky to get a steady two-bar signal! Apart from the obvious frustration this lack of connectivity can cause, it is also one of the many symptoms of poorly developed rural infrastructure - and one of the main reasons cited by a new generation of young people for opting out of a career in farming.


In this study we have developed a conjunction model, WGP, of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and genetic programming (GP) for forecasting river floods when the only data available is the historical daily flows. DWT is used for denoising and smoothening the observed flow time series on which GP is implemented to get the next-day flood. The new model is compared with autoregressive (AR) and stand-alone GP models. All models are calibrated and tested on the Kosi River which is one of the most devastating rivers of the world with high and spiky monsoon flows, modeling of which poses a great challenge. With different inputs, twelve models, four in each class of WGP, GP and AR are devised. The best performing WGP model, WGP4, with four previous daily flow rates as input, forecasts the Kosi floods with an accuracy of 87.9%, root mean square error of 123.9 m 3 /s and Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.993, the best performance indices among all the developed models. The extreme floods are also better simulated by the WGP models than by AR and GP models.


Background & Objectives: Endometritis is the most common complication of cesarean section and can cause complications such as prolonged hospitalization, additional costs, establish long-term use of antibiotics, adhesions and infertility. The prevalence of cesarean section infection has been estimated 3 to 15 percent. The incidence of infection depends on socio-economic factors, length of labor, parity, the duration of the rupture of membranes (ROM) or amniorrhexis, and the mode of delivery. The perioperative application of antimicrobial drugs has changed it radically. Material & Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that required information was collected from 300 women who had cesarean in Vali-e- Asr hospital. A questionnaire was filled out at mothers' bed, in women's ward. Data were analyzed by chi square test through SPSS software. (P<0.05) Results: Among the 300 cases, 15 patients (5%) had postpartum infection. There was a significant difference between post section infection and cesarean section (elective or emergency), maternal education level, maternal age and parity, prenatal care, type of anesthesia. There was no significant relationship between infection after cesarean section and average age of the women, PROM, gestational diabetes, BMI. Conclusion: Education level, parity and prenatal care, type of cesarean section, type of anesthesia, are the risk factors of post cesarean infection. We hope to control the incidence of preventable dangerous complications of post section infection and reduce health consequences for the mother as well as the health system.


Analysing the processes and relationships of political territoriality and collective identity in the American borderlands, this thesis examines the narrative and material dimensions of policies increasingly favouring securitised border 'control'. This 'reterritorialisation' contrasts markedly with concurrent moves to increase economic integration under the North American Free Trade Agreement and with long patterns of transnational socio-cultural interaction, emblematic of larger relational, transnational 'mobilities' fostered by globalisation. Through a historical and transdisciplinary survey, borders are examined as representations and socio-political constructs: a unique, contingent, political cartography connected to a precise, early modern notion of space and identity. Borders are in a continual process of being reproduced through both material means and supportive state-produced 'texts' or narratives. The analysis is part of a larger project in International Relations: the development of the 'identities/borders/orders' heuristic triad, designed to narrow and produce new theoretical and empirical insights by coupling three key concepts and exploring the co-constitutive relationships. Focussing on the identity-border link within the triad, the first case study analyses 'Operation Hold the Line' and related events in the securitisation of the southern borderlands against undocumented migration. The second case study provides an account of major official documentation and public debate framing current developments on the northern border, including a reading of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996. Border policy is understood as an example of reflexive territoriality, suggesting continual, ever speedier revision, monitoring, and reproduction of a state's constructed strategy responding to control defined 'risks', such as migration. These regulations are fed and actualised by new information flows and technologies, as the state's attempt to 'control' its borders by making them political realities of difference with particular material and normative outcomes. Here, the politics of representation involves an image of border 'security' which effects the socio-spatialisation of collective identity, specifically the reinforcement of difference and a secure nationalism narrative. The securitisation also reflects a modern understanding of knowledge as regulation and order.


In this paper, we discuss the physical arrangement of wireless nodes to form topologies suitable for the implementation of Network Coding. Boundaries for the most favorable placement of the nodes to form Bow-Tie and Butterfly network coding suitable topologies, are mathematically calculated with a log-distance model. Simulations in OPNET Modeler were conducted with these node positions in mind, in order to verify the practicality of implementing network coding in these two network topologies. We provide results indicating the trade-off between reduced network load and higher end-to-end delay for the Bow-Tie topology, while the Butterfly topology only experience gains with no trade-off. These positive results indicate that implementation of the simulated topologies will be valuable for future research.


A new method for 2D/3D dynamic MR-Imaging with radial scanning is proposed. It exploits the inherent strong oversampling in the centre of-space, which holds crucial temporal information of the contrast evolution. It is based on (1) a rearrangement of (novel 3D) isotropic distributions of trajectories during the scan according to the desired time resolution and (2) a post-acquisition keyhole approach. The 2D/3D dynamic images are reconstructed using 2D/3D-gridding and 2D/3D-IFFT. The scan time is not increased with respect to a conventional 2D/3D radial scan of the same image resolution, in addition one benefits from the dynamic information. An application to in vivo ventilation of rat lungs using hyperpolarized helium is demonstrated.


It has become increasingly common for courts in constitutional democracies to invalidate constitutional amendments. Courts have enforced both written and unwritten limits on how political actors may exercise the formal amendment power. They have relied either on constitutional texts that expressly entrench provisions against formal amendment or on their own interpretation of these texts as implicitly establishing an unalterable constitutional core. Although the Supreme Court of Canada has not yet invalidated a constitutional amendment, modern case law provides the constitutional basis for the Court to declare that a future constitutional amendment violates either the text or spirit of the Constitution of Canada. In this Article, I trace the origins and evolution of the theory and doctrine of unconstitutional constitutional amendment, I explain how the theory and doctrine may apply today in Canada, and I suggest a detailed framework to evaluate when and how the Supreme Court of Canada may exercise the extraordinary residual constitutional authority to invalidate a constitutional amendment.


BACKGROUND
Despite findings that selenium supplementation may improve immune functioning, definitive evidence of its impact on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease severity is lacking.

METHODS
High selenium yeast supplementation (200 mug/d) was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Intention-to-treat analyses assessed the effect on HIV-1 viral load and CD4 count after 9 months of treatment. Unless otherwise indicated, values are presented as mean +/- SD.

RESULTS
Of the 450 HIV-1-seropositive men and women who underwent screening, 262 initiated treatment and 174 completed the 9-month follow-up assessment. Mean adherence to study treatment was good (73.0% +/- 24.7%) with no related adverse events. The intention-to-treat analyses indicated that the mean change (Delta) in serum selenium concentration increased significantly in the selenium-treated group and not the placebo-treated group (Delta = 32.2 +/- 24.5 vs 0.5 +/- 8.8 microg/L; P<.001), and greater levels predicted decreased HIV-1 viral load (P<.02), which predicted increased CD4 count (P<.04). Findings remained significant after covarying age, sex, ethnicity, income, education, current and past cocaine and other drug use, HIV symptom classification, antiretroviral medication regimen and adherence, time since HIV diagnosis, and hepatitis C virus coinfection. Follow-up analyses evaluating treatment effectiveness indicated that the nonresponding selenium-treated subjects whose serum selenium change was less than or equal to 26.1 microg/L displayed poor treatment adherence (56.8% +/- 29.8%), HIV-1 viral load elevation (Delta = +0.29 +/- 1.1 log(10) units), and decreased CD4 count (Delta = -25.8 +/- 147.4 cells/microL). In contrast, selenium-treated subjects whose serum selenium increase was greater than 26.1 microg/L evidenced excellent treatment adherence (86.2% +/- 13.0%), no change in HIV-1 viral load (Delta = -0.04 +/- 0.7 log(10) units), and an increase in CD4 count (Delta = +27.9 +/- 150.2 cells/microL).

CONCLUSIONS
Daily selenium supplementation can suppress the progression of HIV-1 viral burden and provide indirect improvement of CD4 count. The results support the use of selenium as a simple, inexpensive, and safe adjunct therapy in HIV spectrum disease. Trial Registration isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN22553118.


Fas and TNF receptor I (TNF-RI) share homology at their cytoplasmic death domain and belong to the same gene family, but utilize different pathways to signal activation-induced cell death. To determine the combined effects of defective TNF-RI and Fas signaling on lymphadenopathy and autoimmune disease, we backcrossed TNF-RI knockout mice (Tnfr1(0/0)) with Fas-deficient C57BL/6-lpr/lpr mice. Tnfr1(0/0)lpr/lpr mice developed greatly accelerated lymphadenopathy and autoantibody production compared with C57BL/6-lpr/ lpr mice. Tnfr1(0/0)-lpr/lpr mice also exhibited high mortality and early onset autoimmune disease characterized by massive mononuclear cell infiltration in liver, kidney, lung, and knee joints. These results indicate that the Fas-mediated apoptosis defect in lpr mice is accelerated in the absence of TNF-RI and that normal expression of TNF-RI might partially compensate for the Fas-mediated apoptosis defect of mononuclear cells in lpr mice.


Summary 1. Until recently, the northern snake-necked turtle ( Chelodina rugosa Ogilby, 1890) provided a seasonal source of protein for indigenous communities in tropical northern Australia. Today, feral pigs ( Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758) exert a heavy predation pressure on C. rugosa , compromising subsistence harvest rates and threatening local persistence. 2. We investigated the influence of pig predation and harvest (subsistence and commercial) on C. rugosa persistence at discrete water holes using a stage-based matrix population model. Vital rates varied with wet season rainfall, pig predation and harvest. In addition, hatchling survival was density-dependent. 3. We show that field-based estimates of pig-related turtle mortality exceed levels that can be offset by increased hatchling survival, leading to predictions of rapid population decline and certain elimination of affected populations within 50 years. 4. Conversely, in the absence of pigs, compensatory increases in hatchling survival were sufficient to allow an annual harvest of up to 20% of subadult and adult C. rugosa without causing extirpation or substantial population suppression. 5. Synthesis and applications . This demographic modelling shows that periodic local culling of pigs, fencing of wetlands to exclude predators, and hatchling supplementation to offset losses from predation are all viable management strategies for ensuring ongoing turtle harvests. Such demonstrations of the potential resilience of long-lived vertebrates under a properly managed harvest regime is important to convince natural resource agencies that conservation management for long-term viability need not exclude some degree of consumptive use. These findings are broadly relevant to applied ecology, providing important implications for the management of wildlife species subject to competing ecological pressures, such as subsistence and commercial harvesting and predation by invasive species.


Diskon Book Store Toga Mas Denpasar as a retailer sells as books obtain from the publicher to distribute these product to end consumers. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of retail mix in customer decision to buy book on Diskon Book Store Toga Mas Denpasar. The populations in this study were identified as customer of Diskon Toga Mas Denpasar. Sampling method used is type of purposive sampling. Determination of sample size of using Slovin formula, so that a proper sample is taken is 100 . The analytical method used is Regression Factor Analysis. The results has been obtained that the product/merchandise, price, promotion, location, atmosphere, and retail services partially and simultaneously positive and significant to customer  decision to buy book on The Diskon Book Store Toga Mas Denpasar. The location factors more dominant influence on customer  decision to buy book. Managerial implications that can be raised from the results of this research is management The Diskon Book Store Toga Mas Denpasar should focus on location, retail service, price, product/merchandise, atmosphere, and promotion in developing their businesses to achieve influence customer purchasing decision. The result is expected to be used as a basis for further research to determine consumer purchasing decision whit other retail stores as book stores. Key Words : Retail Marketing Mix, Purchasing Decision


The aim of this paper is to explore the struggle for self-fulfillment and self-expression in the work of a number of the 'new woman' poets emerging from the late Meiji period, through both their tanka and free-style verse. Increasingly visible in the department stores, cafes and factories, these 'new women' were also increasingly visible in the literary journals and women's associations. Drawing on the results of an ongoing translation project to create an anthology of 100 years of Japanese women's poetry, I will focus my discussion on the theme of a 'woman's place' in her world, which has presented itself as a central theme within the anthology.


Although laparoscopic posterior (Nissen) fundoplication (LPF) has the proven efficacy for controlling gastro-oesophgeal reflux surgically, there remain problems with postoperative dysphagia and the inability to belch or vomit. To decrease some of these postoperative complications, laparoscopic anterior fundoplication (LAF) was introduced. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate the merits of LPF vs LAF for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). A search of Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index, Current Contents and Pubmed databases identified all RCTs comparing different types of laparoscopic posterior and anterior fundoplications published in the English Language between 1990 and 2008. The eight variables analysed included operative time, overall complications, rate of conversion to open, re-do operative rate, dysphagia score, heartburn rate, Visick grading of satisfaction and overall satisfaction. Five RCTs totalling 556 patients (LAF=279, LPF=277) were analysed. The analysis showed trends favouring LPF in terms of overall complication rate, conversion rate, incidence of postoperative heartburn and re-do operation rate. There was significant improvement in the postoperative satisfaction score in terms of reflux symptoms favouring LPF while there was significant reduction in the dysphagia score favouring LAF. No difference was noted in operating time and Visick's grading of satisfaction between the two groups. Based on this meta-analysis, LPF is associated with fewer complications, decreased rate of conversion, heartburn rate, re-operation rate and significantly higher overall satisfaction rate for controlling GORD symptoms. However the LAF was associated with a significantly lower incidence of dysphagia compared to its posterior counterpart. We therefore conclude that LPF is a better alternative to AFP at the expense of higher dysphagia rate.


Recent academic literature has noted that high conviction, or concentrated, portfolios (i.e., those with approximately 15 or fewer assets) often outperform larger, theoretically better diversified, portfolios. Recent research has also suggested that some of the gains from traditional portfolio optimization are in fact from the selection of relatively lower volatility stocks through the optimization process. To help wealth managers navigate the new uncertainty in the academic literature, the authors conduct a large-scale test of four approaches to portfolio construction that could be applied to high conviction portfolios. This study found that the traditional mean–variance-optimization approach worked well with very small portfolios but that a minimum Black Swan risk portfolio worked better when more holdings were included in the portfolios. The authors discuss the results and possible implications for winning approaches for wealth management.


Original Article The effect of alpha-lipoic acid on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients H. Ansar, Z. Mazloum, H. Ghaem Background and Aim: There is growing evidence for the useful role of antioxidants in decreasing blood glucose, increasing of insulin sensitivity and prevention of further exacerbation of the development and progression of diabetes type 2. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of oral administration of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), as an antioxidant, on fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin level and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven type 2 diabetic patients (14 males and 43 females) with the mean age of 53.5±8.6 years were involved in this clinical trial. Upon arrival, the subjects were randomly divided into experimental (n=29) and control (n=28) groups. The experimental group received 300 mg alpha-lipoic acid daily, while the control group received 3 placebo tablets daily for eight weeks. Body mass index (BMI), FBS and insulin level of the subjects were measured at the beginning and at the end of the study. The obtained data were analyzed by means of paired t-test and independent t-test, using SPSS software. Results: Comparison of weight and BMI between the two groups, before and after intervention, did not reveal a significant difference. The result of the study showed a significant decrease in FBS and insulin resistance level in the experimental group (P=0.0001 and P=0.04, respectively). The level of fasting insulin decreased a little but this was not significant (P=0.43). The mean of changes in FBS (P=0.001) and insulin resistance (P=0.013) before and after study showed a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Alpha-lipoic acid supplement is useful in decreasing insulin resistance and can be effective in the prevention of diabetic complications.


The optical constants of evaporated MgF2 films were determined over the 1050–1600-A wavelength range from measured transmittance and near-normal incidence reflectance measurements. The complex refractive index was studied as a function of film deposition conditions and correlated with microstructural examinations by transmission electron microscopy. Absorption by the low energy tail of an exciton band and scattering from inhomogeneities were found to account for the film's loss in this wavelength range. Both of these factors were determined largely by substrate temperature during the film deposition.


A recurring theme in the literature on labor market structure is that different labor markets are characterized by different patterns of job mobility. For example, Doeringer and Piore (1971, p. 40) regard stability of employment as "the most salient feature of the internal labor market." Kerr (1954, pp.95-96) contrasts "structureless" markets that lack "barriers to the mobility of workers" with institutional markets in which entrance, movement and exit are constrained by rules. Spilerman (1977) emphasizes career lines, noting how these may depend not only on personal characteristics but also on the occupation, industry and firm of a person's port of entry.

Not everyone agrees that job-shift patterns reflect differences in labor market structure. Some attribute these differences to various labor market imperfections: search costs (Oi, 1962), specific investments (Becker, 1964), uncertainty (Becker et al., 1977), and so forth. Others (e.g., Heckman and Willis, 1977; Doeringer and Piore, 1971, pp.175-176) associate differences in job-shift patterns with differences in workers: in nonmarket productivity, in preferences for leisure versus money and prestige, and so forth. Even those who attribute differences in job-shift patterns to labor market structure do not agree on the boundaries of labor markets or on the reasons why occupants of certain kinds of jobs have similar job-shift patterns.

Resolution of these disagreements requires an explanationof the forms of labor market structure and of the consequences of these forms for job-shift patterns. It also requires translation of verbal explanations into testable models, data that allow competing explanations to be tested, and a method for organizing the data so that consequences of competing arguments can confront one another. This paper reports research that attempts to begin resolving these disagreements. It is organized as follows. Section I contains definitions of basic terms. Section II reviews several theories of labor market structure and suggests hypotheses about job shifts congruent with these explanations. Section III describes the models, methods and data used in testing these hypotheses. Section IV reports the results....


The past decade has seen a plethora of policy initiatives that seek to bridge the chasm between investments in public R&D and its effective diffusion in society. This article uses a case study approach to explore and contrast the effectiveness of different entrepreneur models in financing and developing university spin-offs (USOs). The distinction between different entrepreneur models is based on whether the USOs are championed by university employees that seek to commercialize their own inventions or by external entrepreneurs who are not the original inventors but with acquired rights to develop and commercialize technology originating from university research. Our analysis show that external entrepreneurs have a different mind-set that makes them better equipped to deal with opportunities and obstacles related to financing and developing USOs. However, the development paths of USOs are embedded in a more complex web of path-dependent interactions, where the championship of the USO becomes interwoven with existing and emerging social relationships and opportunities, and challenges related to the technology that is commercialized.


Dr. V. Sriramachandra Murty
Designation at retirement : Head, Demersal Fisheries
Division 1996-2003
Joined CMFRI 23-09-1965
Days I cherish
Working in the CMFRI during September 1965 - January 2003, utilising
the facilities and expertise was a matter of great pride and immense
happiness to me as it is with this association that I derived utmost sense
of satisfaction, happiness and achievement. The period of over 37 years I
spent working in this mighty Institute, was full of professional successes
and career failures - I often used to mention to my friends and some
colleagues that "I am professionally very successful but a big failure in
the career front". I know that I do not possess certain attributes required
for career advancement being a frank, outright and outspoken person.
Nevertheless, these failures in career advancement, for which I was never
responsible, did not deter me from carrying out my researches to the best
of my and the Institute's satisfaction. Hence I initially thought that I did
not have any real "Golden Moments" during my career but a critical