Perrigan, Keith. (2010). Is school size important? A study of the relationship between school size and advanced achievement in public secondary schools in Virginia. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg. The primary focus of the current study was to determine if there is a relationship between size of high school and advanced academic achievement as measured by the Virginia Index of Performance while statistically controlling for multiple combinations of the following variables; socioeconomic status, urbanicity of school, per-pupil expenditure, and student-teacher ratio. The combinations of variables used in the current study were determined by knowledge gained in the review of the literature. Level of award on the Virginia Index of Performance, school enrollment, percentage of students receiving free or reduced lunch prices, per-pupil expenditures, student-teacher ratios, and school locale were collected for all high schools in Virginia with 9-12 grade configurations for school years 2006-07 through 2008-09. A sequential multiple regression analysis was conducted using level of Virginia Index of Performance award earned as the dependent variable and school size as the primary predictor variable while statistically controlling for per-pupil expenditure, student-teacher ratio, socioeconomic status, and urbanicity in different combinations. The analyses performed on the collected data revealed that school size, when other variables were accounted for, was not a significant predictor of performance on the Virginia Index of Performance incentive program. When the analyses were performed for Research Question 2, however, socioeconomic status was found to be a significant predictor of performance on the Virginia Index of Performance incentive program. Multiple limitations should be noted when interpreting the results of the analyses. The main limitations to the current study were a restricted population of schools due to confines placed on grade configurations of schools included in the study and the initial criteria of making Adequate Yearly Progress for two consecutive years in order to be eligible to receive an award in the Virginia Index of Performance program. The combination of these restrictions resulted in a large number of schools being excluded from the current study. Due to the range restrictions placed on the studied population, the relationship between size of school and advanced student achievement could be stronger than reported. Future research should include a less restricted population of schools and other measures of advanced student achievement.


South Africa's transformative Constitution calls for a holistic approach to realising the right to human dignity. To marginalised groups, such as domestic workers, this right is not confined to achieving better wages and working conditions; it touches every aspect of their lives. Central to this endeavour is the quest for adequate housing.

This article discusses the experience of a housing cooperative consisting predominantly of domestic workers in campaigning for adequate housing, especially at local government level, as part of the struggle to achieve a secure and dignified existence. While identifying formidable obstacles, it also shows the interconnectedness of the various challenges and the need for a integrated approach in addressing them.


Introduction

Urban policies and urban planning progressively acknowledged food as a fundamental issue of the urban system and as a tool for design synergies. Among other cities, Turin is moving toward an urban food strategy, gathering in an integrated perspective many practices and policies from local authorities, market actors and food movements. Universities (University of Turin, Politecnico of Turin, University of Gastronomic Science) play various role in this perspective, both in promoting and supporting policies and practices, both producing, collecting (among the different food actors at the local level) and sharing knowledge about how the actual urban food system that nourish Turin works. That is necessary background to go further in defining goals and targets for a food policy at the local- metropolitan level. The Atlas of Food of Metropolitan Turin (Atlante del Cibo di Torino Metropolitana) is a project developed by three universities: University of Turin, University of Gastronomic Science, and Polytechnic of Turin. It is an original, trans-disciplinary, ambitious research project, collecting and producing different kinds of materials (texts, visuals, maps), from various sources (academic research, mass media, etc.). All the knowledge produced and collected by the Atlas of Food is used to analyse and represent the Metropolitan Turin food system, in order to support public policies and private initiatives.

Description

The core of the project is the development of a methodology of analysis of urban food systems based on the realization of a multimedia, interactive, participated Atlas of Food, centred on the metropolitan city of Turin. The Atlas of food collects and organizes information and data about the food system at the metropolitan scale (the former province of Turin). The online web platform of the Atlas (www.atlantedelcibo.it) presents the collected and newly produced, in the form of maps, and visual and textual materials, searchable and partially editable by the web community and by the actors of the food system. Data are participatory regularly updated, basing the methodologies of civic participatory mapping of First Life, the civic map-based social network used for the participatory mapping activities of the Atlas of Food. Scales of the analysis and of the representation of the food system vary according to the treated issues, coherently with the transcalarity of food flows and networks. This flexible spatial approach helps in the understanding the complexity of the food system and the connections between its multiple parts in and around the urban milieu (according to the systemic approach).

General goal and specific objectives

The general goal of the project is to develop and implement an interdisciplinary methodology of food system analysis and assessment, at the metropolitan scale, through traditional charts and maps, participatory mapping and a strict relationship with social networks, for field action. The Atlas of Food of Turin, has the following specific aims:

to provide an open access tool, collecting and representing data, information and ideas about the food system at the city-region scale;
to support the public-private network which is working at the establishment of a food commission, through analysis of the food system, development of scenarios and suggestions for the food strategies, design solutions aiming at the enhancement of sustainability, equity, participation and resilience of the food system;
to increase the awareness of the actors of the food web about food, fostering the visibility and sharing of the issues linked to the different phases of the food chain;
to provide a platform where the stronger and weaker actors of the food chain can virtually meet, reciprocally know, share ideas, creating an opinion making critical mass able to address food policies;
to monitor the food system regularly with a participatory approach, reporting changes, trends, opportunities and threats.
Expected results and spill-overs on the metropolitan food system

The Atlas of Food can support the development of a resilient urban (food) system, because it stimulates the creation of a consistent database and repository of information about it.
The research group carries out this work in strict collaboration with public authorities and agencies, other research bodies, private businesses, NGOs and other community groups. This variety of public and private actors helps to guarantee the reliability, the transparency and the regular update of the information presented by the website. The participatory approach concerns not only the data collection, but also the elaboration of development and policy scenarios, towards the planning of an efficient, resilient, fair and sustainable metropolitan food system, where food and its connections a role of social, economic and cultural capital.

Progress of the research

The first Report on the state of the Metropolitan Turin Food System, produced within the framework of the Atlas of Food, was presented in May 2017.
It is divided into three main sections: a) a review of already existing maps and representations about the food system (a map of maps), which are critically reviewed and organized, in order to produce a catalogue of the different existing representations; b) a collection of static maps, specifically produced for the atlas, representing data about the food system coming both from official archives (e.g. census) and from users and actors of the food system. The static maps will be open to updates and corrections, following the suggestions of users; c) a platform for users-generated, dynamic, interactive maps, based on crowd mapping and the integration with social networks.
It provides a first cross-cutting and integrated reading of the main features of the metropolitan food system.

For the RSD7 conference, the goal of the research is to represent the evolution of the food system in Turin at the metropolitan scale, especially in the perspective in which the systemic approach could help to design a new economic model: a Circular Economy perspective that has the aim to define better the role of the food for the Circular Cities.

Planning activity from the Atlas of Food data collection: RePopp

By overlapping the analysis of the recovery system and redistribution of food surpluses for social purposes with the production of food waste from different forms of distribution (Large Organised Distribution, neighbourhood stores, markets, farmers' market and GAS), the Atlas of Food pointed out a potential leeway of intervention for new ways of value creation and optimisation.

Once identified the critical hotspot and source of leakages in city district markets, the attention has been focused on the market of Porta Palazzo, the largest outdoor European market. Here the City of Turin, two companies Novamont and Amiat/Iren Group, Association Eco delle Citta, with the scientific coordination of the University of Gastronomic Sciences has developed the project RePopp – Porta Palazzo Organic Project. By applying the Circular Economy principles to the fruit and vegetable market and with the involvement of the "Sentinelle dei rifiuti" (Waste's sentries) and the "Ecomori" (asylum seekers volunteers), food surpluses are every day (from Monday to Saturday) recovered from the market stalls, stocked in a stall granted free of charge by the municipality and redistributed by filling and redistributing fruit and vegetables crates, in order to satisfy the demand of a family of 3 persons for two days, considering the quantitative and the nutritional needs. Along with the recovery and redistribution of food surpluses, RePopp works to increase awareness and education to differentiate properly the organic waste with a widespread campaign of communication, to provide civic and environmental information for asylum seekers, to create activity of entertainment about food waste and integration. The project also aimed at encouraging a good integration of asylum seekers thanks to the daily and direct relationship with market operators and the creation of a network in solidarity with the beneficiaries of food surpluses. Since the beginning of 2018, 50,170 kg of food have been collected.

In 2018, the project obtained a special mention from the international prize Milan Pact Awards, created to supports new urban food systems and stimulate the exchange of practices and learning between signatory cities within the frame of the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact (MUFPP); RePopp won the "food waste" section as example of "Circular Markets, an efficient waste collection system for the largest and most culturally diverse food market in the city and the largest open air market in Europe. The project highlights the relevance of data collection from different sources and food areas to design new solutions and alternatives.


Abstract. The relatively warm early Holocene climate in the Nordic Seas, known as the Holocene thermal maximum (HTM), is often associated with an orbitally forced summer insolation maximum at 10 ka BP. The spatial and temporal response recorded in proxy data in the North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas reveals a complex interaction of mechanisms active in the HTM. Previous studies have investigated the impact of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS), as a remnant from the previous glacial period, altering climate conditions with a continuous supply of melt water to the Labrador Sea and adjacent seas and with a downwind cooling effect from the remnant LIS. In our present work we extend this approach by investigating the impact of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) on the early Holocene climate and the HTM. Reconstructions suggest melt rates of 13 mSv for 9 ka BP, which result in our model in an ocean surface cooling of up to 2 K near Greenland. Reconstructed summer SST gradients agree best with our simulation including GIS melt, confirming that the impact of the early Holocene GIS is crucial for understanding the HTM characteristics in the Nordic Seas area. This implies that modern and near-future GIS melt can be expected to play an active role in the climate system in the centuries to come.


The influence of finite-core thickness on the velocity field around a vortex tube is addressed. An asymptotic expansion of the Biot-Savart law is made to a higher order in a small parameter, the ratio of core radius to curvature radius, which consists of the velocity field due to lines of monopoles and dipoles arranged on the centerline of the tube. The former is associated with an infinitely thin core and is featured by the circulation alone. The distribution of vorticity in the core reflects on the strength of dipole. This result is applied to a helical vortex tube, and the induced velocity due to a helical filament of the dipoles is obtained in the form of the Kapteyn series, which augments Hardin's [Phys. Fluids 25, 1949 (1982)] solution for the monopoles. Using a singularity-separation technique, a substantial part of the series is represented in a closed form for both the mono- and the dipoles. It is found from numerical calculation that the smaller the helix pitch is, the larger the relative influe...


CD34 is a 115-kDa transmembrane glycoprotein of unknown function that is expressed on human hematopoietic progenitor cells and the small vessel endothelium of a variety of tissues. We have isolated a CD34 cDNA clone from a KG-1 cell library following three rounds of transient expression in COS cells and enrichment by panning with the anti-CD34 mAb MY10 and BI-3C5. The 5' and 3' ends of the full-length cDNA were subsequently amplified by polymerase chain reaction from KG-1 RNA; the final cDNA clone contained 2615 bp and ended in a poly(A) tail. COS cells transfected with the cDNA clone expressed a surface protein of approximately 110 kDa that was immunoprecipitated by MY10. Southern blot analysis suggested that CD34 is a single copy gene. A 2.7-kb CD34 transcript was observed in the hematopoietic cell lines KG-1, KMT-2, AML-1, RPMI 8402, and MOLT 13 and the endothelial cells BAE and EAhy926, but not in monocytes, resting T cells, or the cell lines Laz 509, HL-60, U937, K562, and HeLa. The cDNA sequence predicts a 40-kDa type I integral membrane protein with nine potential N-linked and numerous potential O-linked glycosylation sites in its extracellular domain. There are two consensus protein kinase C phosphorylation sites and one potential tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site in the cytoplasmic portion of CD34. CD34 has no significant sequence homology to any known protein but has some structural similarities to the heavily glycosylated leukocyte surface molecule CD43.


Roy Campbell was once a key figure in the South African literary canon. In recent years, his poetry has faded from view and only intermittent studies of his work have appeared. However, as the canon of South African literature is redefined, I argue it is fruitful to consider Campbell and his work in a different light. This thesis aims to re-read both the legend of the literary personality of Roy Campbell, and his prose and poetry written during the period of "high" modernism in England (the 1920s and 1930s), more closely in relation to modernist concerns about language, meaning, selfhood and community. It argues that his notorious, purportedly colonial, "hypermasculine" personae, and his poetic and personal explorations of "selfhood", offer him a point of reference in a rapidly changing literary and social environment. Campbell lived between South Africa and England, and later Provence and Spain, and this displacement resonated with the modernist theme of "exile" as a necessary condition for the artist. I will suggest that, like the Oxford dandies whom he befriended, Campbell's masculinist self-styling was a reaction against a particular set of patriarchal traditions, both English and colonial South African, to which he was the putative heir. His poetry reflects his interest in the theme of the "outsider" as belonging to a certain masculinist literary "tradition". But he also transforms this theme in accordance with a "modernist" sensibility.


Title of dissertation: DEDICATIONS FOR DENNIS BRAIN: A MUSICAL EXPLORATION OF HIS ADDITIONS TO THE REPERTOIRE OF THE FRENCH HORN Hilary Kay Hart, Doctor of Musical Arts, 2007 Dissertation directed by: Associate Professor Gregory Miller Music Department, Chair of Winds and Percussion Dennis Brain is considered the most well-known, and arguably the greatest horn player of the Twentieth Century. In addition to his contributions in raising the standard of horn playing, he was also a huge proponent of new music for the horn. The impressive list of works written for him includes concertos, sonatas, and chamber music. Interestingly, much is this music is largely unknown, especially outside of Britain, Brain's home country. His sudden death at the height of his career contributes to the fact that these works only received one or two performances. In addition, the number of new works combined with Brain's many performance commitments further explains why these works failed to reach a wider audience. This performance series will be an examination of these unfamiliar works with the inclusion of a work written for his father, Aubrey. The first performance in this series will be the Gordon Jacob Concerto for Horn and Strings. Written for Dennis Brain in 195 1, the work has become a standard in the horn repertoire. This is perhaps the best known and most performed work in this recital series. The premiere performance was in May 195 1 with Jacob conducting and with the success of the performance, Brain made it a regular item in his vast repertoire. The two performances to follow will explore chamber works and the works for horn and piano. The recital of chamber works will include works written for horn, piano, and violin trio. An avid champion of chamber music throughout his career, Brain formed a wind quintet which eventually expanded into a larger ensemble including the addition of a pianist. Following the success of this ensemble, the Dennis Brain Trio was formed with pianist Wilfred Perry and violinist Jean Pougnet to explore new avenues of music. The formation of this group was to allow performances of horn and violin sonatas, as well as the trios by Brahrns and Berkeley, the latter of which was written for Dennis and is featured on this series. The Lennox Berkeley Trio was commissioned by pianist Colin Horsley. He commissioned it to perform with Dennis Brain, inspired by their previous performance of the Brahms Trio, Op 40. The first performance of this work featured Brain, Horsley and violinist Manoug Parikian. The work by Ethel Smyth was originally conceived as a double concerto for horn and violin and was written for Aubrey Brain. In an attempt to reach a wider audience, the composer transcribed the work for the trio setting. Though never performed by Dennis Brain in this setting, the work is an important inclusion in this series because it highlights the legacy of not only his playing, but also of inspiring new works for the horn that Dennis Brain continued from his father. The second recital will explore sonatas and solo works. Since the largest part of Dennis Brain's career consisted of chamber music, orchestral playing, and concertos, many of these pieces with piano only had one or two performances. Featured works will include the sonata by Peter Racine Fricker, who was a classmate of Dennis Brain's as well as the Sonatine by Heinz Schreiter. These two works showcase Brain's desire to promote all types of new music, as well as the music of his friends. The two solo works by Alan Bush, "Autunm Poem" and "Trent's Broad Reaches", were written in memory of the pianist Noel Mewton-Wood. With these three performances, I hope to introduce works into the regular repertoire of horn that history has unfortunately overlooked. Dennis Brain has served as an inspiration to many generations of horn players, and the music he inspired . should be a more well known part of his legacy. DEDICATIONS FOR DENNIS BRAIN: A MUSICAL EXPLORATION OF HIS ADDITIONS TO THE REPERTOIRE OF THE FRENCH HORN


The Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA), which is primarily driven by the latent heat released by monsoon precipitation, is one of the dominant features of the Northern Hemisphere summer circulation in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Due to variations in the diabatic heating, interactions with Rossby waves propagating along the subtropical jet, and internal dynamics within the anticyclone, the circulation of the AMA is unsteady. Here we use the ERA-Interim dataset and trajectories computed with ERA-Interim winds to show that the AMA contains two or three distinct synoptic-scale subvortices 69% of the time, while a single circulation center is present only 23% of the time. More than three simultaneous subvortices are uncommon. Observed behaviors of the subvortices include 1) splitting of a single vortex into two vortices; 2) merger of two vortices into a single vortex; 3) vortex shedding in the eastward direction; 4) vortex shedding in the westward direction; and 5) formation, movement, and dissipation of a vortex. The evolution of the subvortices is closely tied to stirring and transport.


Closed-loop optimization deals with problems in which candidate solutions are evaluated by conducting experiments, e.g. physical or biochemical experiments. Although this form of optimization is becoming more popular across the sciences, it may be subject to rather unexplored resourcing issues, as any experiment may require resources in order to be conducted. In this thesis we are concerned with understanding how evolutionary search is affected by three particular resourcing issues -- ephemeral resource constraints (ERCs), changes of variables, and lethal environments -- and the development of search strategies to combat these issues.The thesis makes three broad contributions. First, we motivate and formally define the resourcing issues considered. Here, concrete examples in a range of applications are given. Secondly, we theoretically and empirically investigate the effect of the resourcing issues considered on evolutionary search. This investigation reveals that resourcing issues affect optimization in general, and that clear patterns emerge relating specific properties of the different resourcing issues to performance effects. Thirdly, we develop and analyze various search strategies augmented on an evolutionary algorithm (EA) for coping with resourcing issues. To cope specifically with ERCs, we develop several static constraint-handling strategies, and investigate the application of reinforcement learning techniques to learn when to switch between these static strategies during an optimization process. We also develop several online resource-purchasing strategies to cope with ERCs that leave the arrangement of resources to the hands of the optimizer. For problems subject to changes of variables relating to the resources, we find that knowing which variables are changed provides an optimizer with valuable information, which we exploit using a novel dynamic strategy. Finally, for lethal environments, where visiting parts of the search space can cause the permanent loss of resources, we observe that a standard EA's population may be reduced in size rapidly, complicating the search for innovative solutions. To cope with such scenarios, we consider some non-standard EA setups that are able to innovate genetically whilst simultaneously mitigating risks to the evolving population.


The geometrical optics model of Mie resonances is presented. The ray path geometry is given and the resonance condition is discussed with special emphasis on the phase shift that the rays undergo at the surface of the dielectric sphere. On the basis of this model, approximate expressions for the positions of first-order resonances are given. Formulas for the cavity mode spacing are rederived in a simple manner. It is shown that the resonance linewidth can be calculated regarding the cavity losses. Formulas for the mode density of Mie resonances are given that account for the different width of resonances and thus may be adapted to specific experimental situations.


Comets and chondrites show non-monotonic behaviour of their Deuterium to Hydrogen (D/H) ratio as a function of their formation location from the Sun. This is difficult to explain with a classical protoplanetary disk model that has a decreasing temperature structure with radius from the Sun.
We want to understand if a protoplanetary disc with a dead zone, a region of zero or low turbulence, can explain the measured D/H values in comets and chondrites.
We use time snapshots of a vertically layered disk model with turbulent surface layers and a dead zone at the midplane. The disc has a non-monotonic temperature structure due to increased heating from self-gravity in the outer parts of the dead zone. We couple this to a D/H ratio evolution model in order to quantify the effect of such thermal profiles on D/H enrichment in the nebula.
We find that the local temperature peak in the disk can explain the diversity in the D/H ratios of different chondritic families. This disk temperature profile leads to a non-monotonic D/H enrichment evolution, allowing these families to acquire their different D/H values while forming in close proximity. The formation order we infer for these families is compatible with that inferred from their water abundances. However, we find that even for very young disks, the thermal profile reversal is too close to the Sun to be relevant for comets.


Abstract. The human desire to live in an urban area increases every day. However, citizens' expectation of urban life is very different compared to the past. It is, thus, essential to satisfy their requirements and ensure their safety within their cities. As a result, there is a huge trend in the implementation of smart cities around the world. A smart city is a solution to improve the quality of life of the citizens, and governing the city in an efficient and systematic. Besides, significant advances have been raised in biometrics technologies, which have made many aspects of urban life easier, more efficient, and more secure. Accordingly, to be compliant with the demands of a smart city in the future, biometrics-based technologies will certainly play a significant role from now on. Thus, it is necessary to list the different biometrics methods that could be used in smart cities and to review the variety of applications for each method. In this article, we have listed the potential biometrics systems that can be employed in smart cities, such as facial recognition, age estimation, gender detection, facial expression detection and sentiment recognition, and gait recognition. We also have listed different applications imagined for each biometrics system such as their application in identification systems and security, smart healthcare, smart advertising, education, and high-risk lifestyle behaviours prevention. We believe that this work can help to better use of these methods, improve their technical quality, and also employing them in the advance and more effective ways.


Climate and weather variables such as rainfall, temperature, and pressure are indicators for hazards such as tropical cyclones, floods, and fires. The impact of these events can be due to a single variable being in an extreme state, but more often it is the result of a combination of variables not all of which are necessarily extreme. Here, the combination of variables or events that lead to an extreme impact is referred to as a compound event. Any given compound event will depend upon the nature and number of physical variables, the range of spatial and temporal scales, the strength of dependence between processes, and the perspective of the stakeholder who defines the impact. Modeling compound events is a large, complex, and interdisciplinary undertaking. To facilitate this task we propose the use of influence diagrams for defining, mapping, analyzing, modeling, and communicating the risk of the compound event. Ultimately, a greater appreciation of compound events will lead to further insight and a changed perspective on how impact risks are associated with climate‐related hazards. WIREs Clim Change 2014, 5:113–128. doi: 10.1002/wcc.252


Large-scale heterogeneous distributed computing environments (such as Computational Grids and Clouds) offer the promise of access to a vast amount of computing resources at a relatively low cost. In order to ease the application development and deployment on such complex environments, high-level parallel programming languages exist that need to be supported by sophisticated runtime systems. One of the main problems that these runtime systems need to address is dynamic load balancing that ensures that no resources in the environment are underutilised or overloaded with work. This thesis deals with the problem of obtaining good speedups for irregular applications on heterogeneous distributed computing environments. It focuses on workstealing techniques that can be used for load balancing during the execution of irregular applications. It specifically addresses two problems that arise during work-stealing: where thieves should look for work during the application execution and how victims should respond to steal attempts. In particular, we describe and implement a new Feudal Stealing algoritm and also we describe and implement new granularity-driven task selection policies in the SCALES simulator, which is a work-stealing simulator developed for this thesis. In addition, we present the comprehensive evaluation of the Feudal Stealing algorithm and the granularity-driven task selection policies using the simulations of a large class of regular and irregular parallel applications on a wide range of computing environments. We show how the Feudal Stealing algorithm and the granularity-driven task selection policies bring significant improvements in speedups of irregular applications, compared to the state-of-the-art work-stealing algoithms. Furthermore, we also present the implementation of the task selection policies in the Grid-GUM runtime system [AZ06] for Glasgow Parallel Haskell (GpH) [THLPJ98], in addition to the implementation in SCALES, and we also present the evaluation of this implementation on a large set of synthetic applications.


This article tries to elucidate Gabriel's story 'Steps' to some extent. Here, as elsewhere,
the narrator's deliberate failure to clearly separate actual from imaginary facts and incidents
causes problems of understanding. Initially, we are told that the protagonist has
long been living in Paris. A little later, however, we hear that he has moved to Wales with
his second wife. So where does the man live? While other stories remain ambiguous
throughout, 'Steps' seems less impenetrable. The protagonist, we learn, often indulged
fantasies when he went for his strolls in Paris and is quoted as saying 'Going up and
down steps lets the mind float free'. When at the end of the story the narrative suddenly
shifts to the present tense – '…he climbs the steps of the rue St. Julien' – this seems to
suggest that most of the story represents aspects of the protagonist's 'alternative lives',
as envisaged during his walks.


SUMMARY We propose an approximate procedure for computing coupled S waves in inhomogeneous weakly anisotropic media. The procedure is based on the first-order ray tracing (FORT) and dynamic ray tracing (FODRT), which was originally developed for P waves. We use the so-called common ray tracing concept to derive approximate ray tracing and dynamic ray tracing equations, and an approximate solution of the transport equation for coupled S waves propagating in laterally varying, weakly anisotropic media. In our common ray tracing, ray equations are governed by the first-order Hamiltonian formed by the average of first-order eigenvalues of the Christoffel matrix, corresponding to the two S-wave modes propagating in anisotropic media. The solution of the transport equation for the coupled S waves leads to a system of two coupled frequency-dependent, linear ordinary differential equations for amplitude coefficients, which is evaluated along the S-wave common ray. For derivation of the FORT and FODRT equations, we use the perturbation theory in which deviations of anisotropy from isotropy are considered to be first-order perturbations. To derive the coupled differential equations for S-wave amplitudes, we assume that the first-order perturbations are of order O(ω −1 ), where ω is the circular frequency. This makes it possible to express the amplitude coefficients in the coupled differential equations in terms of geometrical spreading and other quantities related to the common ray. The proposed procedure removes problems of most currently available ray tracers, which yield distorted results or even collapse when shear waves propagating in weakly anisotropic media are computed. The first-order approximation leads to simpler ray tracing and dynamic ray tracing equations than in the exact case. For anisotropic media of higher-symmetry than monoclinic, all equations involved differ only slightly from the corresponding equations for isotropic media. If the anisotropy vanishes, the equations reduce to standard, exact ray tracing and dynamic ray tracing equations for S waves propagating in isotropic media. The proposed ray tracing and dynamic ray tracing equations, corresponding traveltimes and geometrical spreading are all given to the first order. The accuracy of the traveltimes along S-wave first-order common rays can be increased by calculating a secondorder traveltime correction.


On the basis of an extensive survey study conducted among business professionals engaging in global communication, this paper discusses communicative competence. Rapid changes in work environments, particularly advancing globalization and new technology, have highlighted the need for expanding our knowledge of the elements that constitute communicative competence in global encounters. Competence has been investigated by several researchers; however, the language perspective, particularly the language used for international communication, that is, English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), has largely been ignored. Our findings indicate that global communicative competence (GCC) consists of three layers: multicultural competence, competence in English as a Business Lingua Franca (BELF) and the communicator's business know-how. Based on our findings, we present a model for GCC, which includes language as a key component. Implications for theory, practice, and education include the need for a multidisciplinary approach and the acknowledgement of ELF/BELF as the language of global interaction. ELF IBELF assumes a shared "core" of the English language, but focuses on interactional skills, rapport building, and the ability to ask for and provide clarifications.


AIM
To investigate the effects of a case management intervention for community-dwelling frail older people, with functional dependency and repeated contacts with the healthcare services, focusing on loneliness, depressive symptoms and life satisfaction.

DESIGN
A two-armed, nonblinded, randomised control trial with repeated follow-ups, of N = 153 participants at baseline allocated to an intervention (n = 80) and control (n = 73) group.

METHOD
Inclusion criteria were the following: ≥65 years of age, living in ordinary housing, in need of assistance in two or more self-reported activities of daily living, having at least two hospital admissions or at least four visits in outpatient care 12 months prior to enrolment. Case managers (nurses and physiotherapists) provided an intervention of general case management, general information, specific information and continuity and safety. The intervention ranged over 12 months with one or more home visit(s) being conducted per month. An intention-to-treat analysis was applied for the primary outcomes of loneliness, depressive symptoms and life satisfaction, along with complete case and sensitivity analyses.

RESULTS
During the trial period n = 12 died and n = 33 dropped out. No significant difference was found between the groups at baseline regarding sociodemographic characteristics, subjective health or primary outcomes. The intention-to-treat analysis did not result in any significant effects for the primary outcomes at any of the follow-ups (6 and 12 months). The complete case analysis resulted in a significant difference in favour of the intervention regarding loneliness (RR = 0.49, p = 0.028) and life satisfaction (ES = 0.41, p = 0.028) at 6 months and for depressive symptoms (ES = 0.47, p = 0.035) at 12 months.

CONCLUSIONS
The use of case management for frail older people did not result in clear favourable effects for the primary outcomes. However, the study indicates that case management may be beneficial in terms of these outcomes. Due to the complexity of the outcomes, an elaboration of the components and assessments is suggested.


It is important to explore the diversity of characteristics of low-mass, low-density planets to understand the nature and evolution of this class of planets. We present a homogeneous analysis of 12 new and 9 previously published broad-band photometric observations of the Uranus-sized extrasolar planet GJ 3470b, which belongs to the growing sample of sub-Jovian bodies orbiting M dwarfs. The consistency of our analysis explains some of the discrepancies between previously published results and provides updated constraints on the planetary parameters. Our data are also consistent with previous transit observations of this system. The physical properties of the transiting system can only be constrained as well as the host star is characterized, so we provide new spectroscopic measurements of GJ 3470 from 0.33 to 2.42 μm to aid our analysis. We find R* = 0.48 ± 0.04 R⊙, M* = 0.51 ± 0.06 M⊙, and T_(eff) = 3652 ± 50K for GJ 3470, along with a rotation period of 20.70 ± 0.15 d and an R-band amplitude of 0.01 mag, which is small enough that current transit measurements should not be strongly affected by stellar variability. However, to report definitively whether stellar activity has a significant effect on the light curves, this requires future multiwavelength, multi-epoch studies of GJ 3470. We also present the most precise orbital ephemeris for this system: To = 2455983.70472 ± 0.00021BJD_(TDB), P = 3.336 6487^(+0.0000043)_(−0.0000033)
 d, and we see no evidence for transit timing variations greater than 1 min. Our reported planet to star radius ratio is 0.076 42 ± 0.000 37. The physical parameters of this planet are R_p = 3.88 ± 0.32 R⊕ and M_p = 13.73 ± 1.61 M⊕. Because of our revised stellar parameters, the planetary radius we present is smaller than previously reported values. We also perform a second analysis of the transmission spectrum of the entire ensemble of transit observations to date, supporting the existence of an H_2-dominated atmosphere exhibiting a strong Rayleigh scattering slope.


The balance between effector CD4+ T-cell and immunosuppressive regulatory T-cell (Treg) responses determines the outcome of an infectious disease. The signaling pathways that regulate human CD4+ T-effector versus Treg responses to the fungi are not completely understood. ABSTRACT The signaling pathways activated following interaction between dendritic cells (DCs) and a pathogen determine the polarization of effector T-cell and regulatory T-cell (Treg) responses to the infection. Several recent studies, mostly in the context of bacterial infections, have shown that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a major role in imparting tolerogenic features in DCs and in promotion of Treg responses. However, the significance of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway's involvement in regulating the immune response to the fungal species is not known. Using Aspergillus fumigatus, a ubiquitous airborne opportunistic fungal species, we show here that fungi activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in human DCs and are critical for mediating the immunosuppressive Treg responses. Pharmacological inhibition of this pathway in DCs led to inhibition of maturation-associated molecules and interleukin 10 (IL-10) secretion without affecting the majority of the inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, blockade of Wnt signaling in DCs suppressed DC-mediated Treg responses in CD4+ T cells and downregulated both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and IL-10 responses in CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, induction of β-catenin pathway by A. fumigatus required C-type lectin receptors and promoted Treg polarization via the induction of programmed death-ligand 1 on DCs. Further investigation on the identity of fungal molecular patterns has revealed that the cell wall polysaccharides β-(1, 3)-glucan and α-(1, 3)-glucan, but not chitin, possess the capacity to activate the β-catenin pathway. Our data suggest that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a potential therapeutic target to selectively suppress the Treg response and to sustain the protective Th1 response in the context of invasive aspergillosis caused by A. fumigatus. IMPORTANCE The balance between effector CD4+ T-cell and immunosuppressive regulatory T-cell (Treg) responses determines the outcome of an infectious disease. The signaling pathways that regulate human CD4+ T-effector versus Treg responses to the fungi are not completely understood. By using Aspergillus fumigatus, a ubiquitous opportunistic fungal species, we show that fungi activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in human dendritic cells (DCs) that promotes Treg responses via induction of immune checkpoint molecule programmed death ligand 1 on DCs. Blockade of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in DCs led to the selective inhibition of Treg without affecting the Th1 response. Dissection of the identity of A. fumigatus pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) revealed that cell wall polysaccharides exhibit selectivity in their capacity to activate the β-catenin pathway in DCs. Our data thus provide a pointer that Wnt/β-catenin pathway represents potential therapeutic target to selectively suppress Treg responses and to sustain protective a Th1 response against invasive fungal diseases.


The authors present a system built to generate arrangements of threedimensional models for aesthetic evaluation, with the aim being to support an artist in their creative process. The authors explore how this system can automatically generate aesthetically pleasing content for use in the media and design industry, based on standards originally developed in master artworks. They then demonstrate the effectiveness of their process in the context of paintings using a collection of images inspired by the work of the artist Giorgio Morandi (Bologna, 1890–1964). Finally, they compare the results of their system with the results of a well-known Generative Adversarial Network (GAN).


The purpose of this article is to describe the use of song writing in a group process with Mexican migrant farmworkers who had been in a serious van accident resulting in the deaths of two of their coworkers. The Mexican song form often used for telling the stories of the deceased was used as the structure for the song writing intervention. This song form provided a unique and culturally appropriate format for song writing in this context. This clinical example demonstrates one model of working within a culture-centered music therapy approach. The result of this work was a process through which the migrant farmworkers grew closer as a group and made connections with their friends who died. Additionally, the process resulted in a product, a recording of their song that would allow the therapeutic process to continue long after song writing had been concluded. Based on this clinical example, it is recommended that music therapists use song writing with a culture-centered approach to meet the needs of clients from other cultures experiencing grief.


A section at Wolvercote, a village miles north of Oxford, has been open for the past ten years, and-will reward study by geologists interested in the phenomena of Pleistocene time, whether their object is to study the ehanges of laud and elimate, or whether, as was the ease with the writer, they seek for some detail in the fragmentary story of Palælithic Man. The section eontains four parts, which may thus be named in the order of their age: (1)the Oxford Clay beneath, which is largely quarried for bricks; (2)an old surface, in which pits or troughs chiefly filled with gravel are seen enveloped in weathered clay; (3) a river-bed, containing gravel at the base, and layers of variouslyeoloured clay above; and (4)a surface-layer of humus over all, about 2 feet thick, containing h'eolithie remains. The relation which the various paris bear one to the other is also plain. The old Pleistoeene surface lies upon eroded Oxford Clay; the river-bed has worn a channel in the old Pleistocene surface; between the river-bed and the Neolithic surface is the trail usually named 'warp,' which, however, is not discussed in this paper. The river-bed first attracted my attention : it lies on the summit of land between the Isis and Cherwell, at an equal height above either river. There seems to be no reason to doubt that it represents the deposits of a stream whieh contained the united waters of both rivers, at a time before they became


Multi-Display Learning Spaces (MD-LS) comprise technologies to allow the viewing of multiple simultaneous visual materials, modes of learning which encourage critical reflection upon these materials, and spatial configurations which afford interaction between learners and the materials in orchestrated ways. In this paper we provide an argument for the benefits of Multi-Display Learning Spaces in supporting complex, disciplinary reasoning within learning, focussing upon our experiences within postgraduate visual arts education. The importance of considering the affordances of the physical environment within education has been acknowledged by the recent attention given to Learning Spaces, yet within visual art disciplines the perception of visual material within a given space has long been seen as a key methodological consideration with implications for the identity of the discipline itself. We analyse the methodological, technological and spatial affordances of MD-LS to support learning, and discuss comparative viewing as a disciplinary method to structure visual analysis within the space which benefits from the simultaneous display of multiple partitions of visual evidence. We offer an analysis of the role of the teacher in authoring and orchestration and conclude by proposing a more general structure for what we term 'multiple perspective learning', in which the presentation of multiple pieces of visual evidence creates the conditions for complex argumentation within Higher Education.


ABSTRACT This article presents analyses of curricula in religious education (RE) for public schools in Austria, Scotland, and Sweden. A curricula is the plan that outlines the goals, content and outcomes in education. A critical discourse analysis approach (CDA) is used to explore how each national RE curricula constructs (a) the aims, status and purpose of state-maintained RE (b) the teaching and learning objectives, and contents, and (c) what skills and attitudes the processes of learning aim to develop; together, these can be considered to construct students' religious literacy in the curricula. Theoretical frameworks are from curriculum studies, as well as from literacy studies, with the aim of deepening the knowledge on RE, as well as the discussion on religious literacies from various national curriculum contexts. The analysis shows that although the curricula focus on the same topic, namely RE, they rely on different conceptions of curriculum, as well as on various forms of religious literacy.


Objectives: Following the end of the Gulf War that resulted in the liberation of Kuwait, there are no reports on the impact of veterans' traumatic exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on their children. We compared the severity of anxiety, depression, deviant behavior and poor family adjustment among the children of a stratified random sample of four groups of Kuwaiti military men, viz: the retired; an active-in-the-army group (AIA) (involved in duties at the rear); an in-battle group (IB) (involved in combat); and a prisoners-of-war (POWs) group. Also, we assessed the association of father's PTSD/combat status and mother's characteristics with child psychosocial outcomes. Method: Subjects were interviewed at home, 6 years after the war, using: the Child Behavior Index to assess anxiety, depression, and adaptive behavior; Rutter Scale A2 for deviant behavior; and Family Adjustment Device for adjustment at home. Both parents were assessed for PTSD. Results: The 489 offspring (250 m, 239 f; mean age 13.8 yrs) belonged to 166 father-mother pairs. Children of POWs tended to have higher anxiety, depression, and abnormal behavior scores. Those whose fathers had PTSD had significantly higher depression scores. However, children of fathers with both PTSD and POW status (N = 43) did not have significantly different outcome scores than the other father PTSD/combat status groups. Mother's PTSD, anxiety, depression and social status were significantly associated with all the child outcome variables. Parental age, child's age and child's level of education were significant covariates. Although children with both parents having PTSD had significantly higher anxiety/depression scores, the mother's anxiety was the most frequent and important predictor of child outcome variables. The frequency of abnormal test scores was: 14% for anxiety/depression, and 17% for deviant behavior. Conclusion: Our findings support the impression that child emotional experiences in vulnerable family situations transcend culture and are associated with the particular behavior of significant adults in the child's life. The primacy of the mother's influence has implications for interventions to improve the psychological functioning of children in such families. Mental health education for these families has the potential to help those in difficulty. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


The standard residential mortgage contract is due for a reappraisal. The goals of Dodd-Frank and the CFPB are geared toward creating better stability in the residential mortgage market, in part, by mandating more robust underwriting. This is achieved chiefly through the ability-to-repay rules and the "qualified mortgage" safe harbor, which call for very conservative underwriting criteria to be applied to new mortgage loans. And lenders are whole-heartedly embracing these criteria in their loan originations — in the fourth quarter of 2015 over 98% of all new residential loans were qualified mortgages, thus resulting in a new wave of credit-worthy homeowners that are less likely than ever before to default. As a result, the standard form residential mortgage contract, with its harsh terms and overreaching provisions, should be reformed. This is necessary not only due to the fact that such terms should no longer be needed since borrowers are better financially positioned than in the past, but also because of a disturbing trend in the past few years where lenders and their third party contractors have abused the powers accorded to them by the mortgage contract — mostly through break-in style foreclosures. This Article argues for a reformation of the Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac standard residential mortgage contract and specifically singles out three common provisions that are ripe for modification or outright removal.


: Diabetic foot ulcers are a main cause of morbidity related to type 2 diabetes. Living with a diabetic foot ulcer has a significant impact on health-related quality of life and has a negative impact on daily living among people with the condition. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of Thai adults living with diabetic foot ulcers using a descriptive qualitative design. Participants were recruited from the outpatient diabetes and foot clinic at a tertiary teaching hospital in Northern Thailand from January to April 2017 . In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 participants using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic analysis was used to identify the participants' experiences and two themes were identified: 1 ) living with a diabetic foot ulcer and 2 ) managing a diabetic foot ulcer. The findings enhance the knowledge of healthcare professionals and the public to understand the experience of having diabetic foot ulcers and contribute to understanding how to manage a diabetic foot ulcer based on the participant's experiences in the Thai context. Nurses must provide knowledge and self-care skills as part of routine care to improve health-related quality of life for people with diabetic foot ulcers. Pacific Rim Int J Nurs Res 2018; 22(4) 304-318


TRENDS IN 1970-2010 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SURFACE MAXIMUM TEMPERATURES: EXTREMES AND HEAT WAVES by Amanuel T. Ghebreegziabher Daily maximum temperatures from 1970-2010 were obtained from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) for 28 South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) Cooperative Network (COOP) sites. Analyses were carried out on the entire data set, as well as on the 1970-1974 and 2006-2010 sub-periods, including construction of spatial distributions and time-series trends of both summer-average and annual-maximum values and of the frequency of two and four consecutive "daytime" heat wave events. Spatial patterns of average and extreme values showed three areas consistent with climatological SoCAB flow patterns: cold coastal, warm inland low-elevation, and cool further-inland mountain top. Difference (2006-2010 minus 1970-1974) distributions of both average and extreme-value trends were consistent with the shorter period (1970-2005) study of previous study, as they showed the expected inland regional warming and a "reversereaction" cooling in low elevation coastal and inland areas open to increasing sea breeze flows. Annual-extreme trends generally showed cooling at sites below 600 m and warming at higher elevations. As the warming trends of the extremes were larger than those of the averages, regional warming thus impacts extremes more than averages. Spatial distributions of hot-day frequencies showed expected maximum at inland lowelevation sites. Regional warming again thus induced increases at both elevated-coastal areas, but low-elevation areas showed reverse-reaction decreases.


Abstract Historical earthquakes have to be parameterized for seismic‐hazard analyses, although there may be only a few intensity assignments available for them. We studied epicenter determination for 18 million synthetic samples of 3–11 intensity data points (IDPs). The IDP distributions corresponded to earthquakes that occurred offshore, close to the coast, or onshore. We assumed an ordinal variable, an attenuation relationship, and a point source. The attenuation relationship was utilized to encompass every IDP of a sample using a lower and upper radius that corresponded to the respective intensity. The epicenter must fit all the intensity rings simultaneously. The successes and failures of epicenter determination were monitored for a fixed magnitude and depth. We investigated where the epicenter was found, its uncertainty, and its uniqueness. Small location uncertainties may be obtained for the smallest samples but increasing the sample size led to a larger proportion of small uncertainties provided that intensities were error‐free. A large range of intensities in the sample, a short distance to the true epicenter, and, to a lesser extent, a small azimuthal gap were indicators of a good solution. A location uncertainty of 20 km and smaller is realistic in many cases, but uncertainties of 5 km are extremely seldom occurrences. The proportion of good locations was reduced when the intensities were erroneous. Epicenters were determined for the earthquakes of 26 April 1458 in central Italy, 14 July 1765 in Sweden, and 23 December 1875 in the eastern United States.


Acknowledgement of potential co-benefits - i.e. positive side-effects - of greenhouse gas mitigation policies may be of importance to promote climate policies. This paper argues that the issues of local and regional air pollution and their short to medium-term effects on human health and environment as well as greenhouse gas mitigation policies are environmental policy areas which would benefit from an integrated approach. The paper shows that contemporary Chinese policies aiming at improving energy efficiency and local air quality may lead to large reductions of CO2. Conversely, an active Chinese climate policy would likely entail reductions in emissions of air pollutants and reduced damage to human health and environment as a co-benefit. The magnitude of these short to medium-term co-benefits is, however, not clear. In the paper, we present and compare estimates of co-benefits of CO2-reducing projects and policies from studies that we have carried out in China. The studies comprise a bottom-up study in the capital of Shanxi province (Taiyuan), a semi-bottom-up study in Shanxi province as a whole, and a top-down study using a computable general equilibrium model (CGE) for China. In comparing the various options for reducing CO2, we find that the estimated co-benefits per ton carbon reduced show greater variation between options the more detailed the study design is in terms of taking into account local features of emissions and exposure.


BACKGROUND
This is an update of a review published in The Cochrane Library 2008, Issue 4. Celecoxib is a selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor usually prescribed for the relief of chronic pain in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Celecoxib is believed to be associated with fewer upper gastrointestinal adverse effects than conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Its effectiveness in acute pain was demonstrated in the earlier reviews.

OBJECTIVES
To assess analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of a single oral dose of celecoxib for moderate to severe postoperative pain.

SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Oxford Pain Database, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The most recent search was to 3 January 2012.

SELECTION CRITERIA
We included randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) of adults prescribed any dose of oral celecoxib or placebo for acute postoperative pain.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two review authors assessed studies for quality and extracted data. We converted summed pain relief (TOTPAR) or pain intensity difference (SPID) into dichotomous information, yielding the number of participants with at least 50% pain relief over four to six hours, and used this to calculate the relative benefit (RB) and number needed to treat to benefit (NNT) for one patient to achieve at least 50% of maximum pain relief with celecoxib who would not have done so with placebo. We used information on use of rescue medication to calculate the proportion of participants requiring rescue medication and the weighted mean of the median time to use.

MAIN RESULTS
Eight studies (1380 participants) met the inclusion criteria. We identified five potentially relevant unpublished studies in the most recent searches, but data were not available at this time. The number of included studies therefore remains unchanged.The NNT for celecoxib 200 mg and 400 mg compared with placebo for at least 50% of maximum pain relief over four to six hours was 4.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.4 to 5.6) and 2.5 (2.2 to 2.9) respectively. The median time to use of rescue medication was 6.6 hours with celecoxib 200 mg, 8.4 with celecoxib 400 mg, and 2.3 hours with placebo. The proportion of participants requiring rescue medication over 24 hours was 74% with celecoxib 200 mg, 63% for celecoxib 400 mg, and 91% for placebo. The NNT to prevent one patient using rescue medication was 4.8 (3.5 to 7.7) and 3.5 (2.9 to 4.6) for celecoxib 200 mg and 400 mg respectively. Adverse events were generally mild to moderate in severity, and were experienced by a similar proportion of participants in celecoxib and placebo groups. One serious adverse event probably related to celecoxib was reported.

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Single-dose oral celecoxib is an effective analgesic for postoperative pain relief. Indirect comparison suggests that the 400 mg dose has similar efficacy to ibuprofen 400 mg.


The topographical distribution of the early components of the flash visual evoked response (VER) were investigated using a twenty channel brain mapping system. Thirty subjects, ranging in age from 21 to 84 years, had flash VERs recorded using the standard 10-20 electrode system to a balanced non-cephalic reference. The subjects were divided into three age groups: a young group, a middle group and an older group. The P2 component (positive component around 100-120 msec) of the flash VER was recorded consistently over the occipital region throughout the age range, as was a frontal negative component (N120) of about the same latency. Only the young age group had this single negative component on the frontage channels, whilst the middle age group showed an additional negative component at around 75 msec (N75). Neither group had a recordable P1 component (positive component around 60-75 msec) over the occipital region. The older age group showed both P1 and P2 components over the occipital region with the distribution of the P1 component being more widespread anteriorly. The frontal channels showed both the negative N75 and the later N120 components. The frontal negative components were shown not to be related to the electroretinogram or the balanced non-cephalic reference, but were affected by the type of stimulation. Responses recorded to both pattern reversal and onset/offset stimulation did not show the frontal negative potentials seen with flash stimulation. It was shown that the P1 component is more readily recordable in the elderly and is preceded during middle age by the development of a frontal negative component at around the same latency. The changing morphology of the negative activity in the frontal region across the age range suggests that the use of an Fz reference would produce an artificial P1 component in the middle age group and an enhancement of this component in the elderly, as well as enhance the P2 component in all ages.


An "intelligent" system for constructing computer-assisted pattern drills to be used in second language instruction is proposed. First, some of the difficulties in designing intelligent error analysis are discussed briefly. Two major approaches to error analysis in computer-assisted instruction, pattern matching and parsing, are described, and their advantages and disadvantages are examined. A third approach that appears to minimize technical problems is then outlined. This approach is based on the idea that a limited list of randomly generated sentences in the target language is useful in constructing transformation or pattern drills. The system consists of four parts including: (1) a module in which sentence templates can be constructed; (2) a procedure for transforming linguistic material into target language sentences; (3) stimulus sentence creation, including student response; and (4) error analysis, providing feedback to both the student and the sentence-generating system and allowing tailoring of further stimulus sentences. Some problems of implementation are discussed, including system :esponse speed, feasibility of expansion beyond simple sentences, generation of inappropriate sentences, and constraints imposed by left-to-right template construction, transformation, and response judging. (MSE) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ********************************** ** ** ********************************


Cancer researcher Alfred G. Knudson Jr., M.D., Ph.D., (pronounced ka-nud'-son) of Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pa., has been named winner of a prestigious Kyoto Prize for 2004. The Kyoto Prize is considered among the world's leading awards for lifetime achievement and is given to those who have "contributed significantly to mankind's betterment." Knudson will receive a cash gift of about $450,000 (50 million yen), the 20 karat gold Kyoto Prize Medal and a diploma at the Kyoto Prize Ceremony in Kyoto, Japan on November 10, 2004. Alfred G. Knudson Jr., M.D., Ph.D. The Inamori Foundation selects three Kyoto Prize laureates annually for significant contributions to the scientific, cultural and spiritual development of mankind in the fields of advanced technology, basic sciences, arts and philosophy. Knudson will receive the basic sciences prize for his role in establishing the theory of tumor suppressor genes, which opened a new horizon in modern cancer genetics, and made a pivotal contribution to major subsequent research developments in understanding human cancer. "Today, we are rushing ahead with incredible scientific and technological achievements, while inquiry into our spiritual nature lags deplorably," said Dr. Kazuo Inamori, founder and president of the Inamori Foundation. "It is my hope that the Kyoto Prize will encourage balanced development of both our scientific and our spiritual sides, and hence provide impetus toward the structuring of new philosophical paradigms." This year's other Kyoto Prize laureates will be: Dr. Alan Curtis Kay, a computer scientist and senior fellow at Hewlett-Packard Co., whose work at Stanford University and the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center in the 1960s and '70s led the paradigm shift away from mainframe computing and opened the door for the personal computer revolution; and Prof. Jurgen Habermas, a philosopher at the University of Frankfurt and permanent visiting professor at Northwestern University, whose communicative action theory and discourse ethics support a commitment to the elimination of discrimination and violence in human society, and the establishment of relationships of coexistence among all free and autonomous people. Knudson has been a senior member of the scientific research staff at Fox Chase Cancer Center since 1976. A geneticist and physician, Knudson is internationally recognized for his "two-hit" theory of cancer causation, which explained the relationship between the hereditary and non-hereditary forms of a cancer and predicted the existence of tumor-suppressor genes that can suppress cancer cell growth. This now-confirmed theory has advanced understanding of errors in the genetic program that turn normal cells into cancer cells. Knudson's powerful insights into the development of cancer hold implications for both treatment and prevention. Tumor-suppressor genes, in particular, are important targets for prevention research since they normally function to apply the brakes to cellular growth. This is a topic of Knudson's current research. Defects in tumor-suppressor genes permit abnormal, cancerous growth, so devising ways to remedy such flaws or replace the gene's missing product through medication are of interest to researchers. The Inamori Foundation was established in 1984 by Kazuo Inamori, founder and chairman emeritus of Kyocera Corporation. The Kyoto Prizes were founded in 1985 in line with Inamori's belief that "man has no higher calling than to strive for the greater good of society, and that mankind's future can be assured only when there is a balance between our scientific progress and our spiritual depth." It is characteristic of the Kyoto Prizes that they are presented to individuals or groups in appreciation not only of their outstanding achievements but also of the excellence of the personal characteristics on which they have built their contributions to mankind. The laureates are selected through a strict and fair process considering candidates recommended from around the world. As of January 2004, the Kyoto Prize has been awarded to 63 laureates from 12 nations-ranging from scientists, engineers and researchers to architects, sculptors and film directors. The United States has produced the most recipients with 27 laureates, followed by the United Kingdom (nine), France (eight) and Japan (seven). Knudson was born in Los Angeles in 1922. He received his B.S. from California Institute of Technology in 1944, his M.D. from Columbia University in 1947 and his Ph.D. from California Institute of Technology in 1956. He held a Guggenheim fellowship from 1953 to 1954. Knudson came to Fox Chase Cancer Center in 1976 after serving as a member of its scientific advisory committee for seven years. Knudson was named a Fox Chase Distinguished Scientist and senior advisor to the Fox Chase president in 1992. Previously, Knudson served as director of Fox Chase's Institute for Cancer Research from 1976 until 1982, Center president from 1980 to 1982 and scientific director from 1982 to 1983. Before coming to Fox Chase, Knudson was dean of the University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and researcher at the M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute in Houston, Texas, where he specialized in pediatrics and biology. Prior to that, Knudson served as associate dean for basic sciences at the State University of New York at Stony Brook from 1966 to 1969. In 1995, Knudson was appointed as special advisor to Richard Klausner, director of the National Cancer Institute. While continuing his work at Fox Chase, Knudson also worked closely with Joseph Fraumeni in the NCI's Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics. Knudson served as acting director of its new human genetics program until September 1999, when he returned to Fox Chase full-time. Among Knudson's many professional distinctions, he received the 1998 Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research, one of seven Lasker Awards presented that year. Considered "America's Nobels," Lasker Awards rank among the highest recognition for careers of distinguished work because of the extremely rigorous process of nomination and selection conducted by a jury of the world's top scientists. In 1999, Knudson received the international John Scott Award from the City of Philadelphia. In addition, Knudson has received the 1988 Charles S. Mott Prize of the General Motors Cancer Research Foundation; Canada's 1997 Gairdner Foundation International Award; Switzerland's 1995 Charles Rodolphe Brupbacher Foundation Award; the 1996 Robert J. and Claire Pasarow Foundation Award; and the American Cancer Society's 1989 Medal of Honor. Knudson is married to Anna T. Meadows, M.D., a pediatric oncologist at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Fox Chase Cancer Center was founded in 1904 in Philadelphia, Pa., as the nation's first cancer hospital. In 1974, Fox Chase became one of the first institutions designated as a National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Center. Fox Chase conducts basic, clinical, population and translational research; programs of prevention, detection and treatment of cancer; and community outreach. For more information about Fox Chase activities, visit the Center's web site at www.fccc.edu or call 1-888-FOX CHASE.


KME Cu-ETP (electrolytic tough pitch copper) is an electrolytically refined, high conductivity copper that contains a minimum of 99.90% Cu and a controlled amount of oxygen in the form of Cu2O. It has a minimum electrical conductivity of 100% IACS. Cu-ETP is the most widely used grade of copper in electrical applications all over the world and represents over half of global copper use. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, tensile properties, and bend strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on heat treating. Filing Code: Cu-913. Producer or source: KME Germany GmbH.


A review of construction workers management functions has been done to find out gaps / deficiencies, if any, in compliance with provisions of the applicable Acts & Rules and understand the constraints and suggest ways and means to overcome. Also, a survey has been done among construction workers at various project sites of the company in Maharashtra, to ascertain factors mostly affecting their motivation, satisfaction with the employer, efficiency & work hour productivity.


We present MSeg, a composite dataset that unifies se- mantic segmentation datasets from different domains. A naive merge of the constituent datasets yields poor performance due to inconsistent taxonomies and annotation practices. We reconcile the taxonomies and bring the pixel-level annotations into alignment by relabeling more than 220,000 object masks in more than 80,000 images. The resulting composite dataset enables training a single semantic segmentation model that functions effectively across domains and generalizes to datasets that were not seen during training. We adopt zero-shot cross-dataset transfer as a benchmark to systematically evaluate a model's robustness and show that MSeg training yields substantially more robust models in comparison to training on individual datasets or naive mixing of datasets without the presented contributions. A model trained on MSeg ranks first on the WildDash leaderboard for robust semantic segmentation, with no exposure to WildDash data during training.


Abstract This article examines examples of slave revolt, legal abolition, and post-emancipation developments in the nineteenth-century Americas. This study's specific concern is with the transmission and nature of slave revolt and abolition in one area, which inspired slave self-emancipation in other places and related ramifications. The author pursues connections between slaves seeking freedom and colonial states as well as the first black republic's responses to these expectations. This study explains the intersection between slaves' original desire for freedom and the impact of external factors. Slave revolt is broadly defined as both collective rebellion and smaller acts of self-emancipation. Borders are delineated as national boundaries on land and at sea as well as between states in federal territories. The article has three aims: (1) to expand the spatial and temporal dimensions of the "common-wind" approach to slave revolt studies beyond Haiti as well as the Age of Revolution; (2) to reveal connections between the Caribbean, Central America, North America, and South America that are usually overlooked because of national and regional historiographies independent of each other; and (3) to contribute to the conceptualization of emancipation in African diaspora scholarship through movement, homelands, and racial solidarity.


Serious games have received attention among researchers and practitioners as a potential means for promoting professional development. While interest in serious games has been on the rise, business process models have, to date, only rarely been studied as building block of a serious game. We present findings of a field study into the design and application of an innovative serious game based on a business process model. Applied in an in-house training involving 500 employees at a medium-sized German manufacturer, the serious game aims to familiarize the players with the intricacies of the manufacturer's complex tendering process—by challenging them to properly interpret and complement a BPMN (Business Process Model & Notation) model of the process. Following a hermeneutic research tradition, we seize the unique opportunity to study the design of the game and its application in training sessions in the field. In the paper, we report insights from studying the game design, from observations in training sessions and from interviews with participating employees, trainers and game designers.


Digital holograms, when combined with tracer particles, can be used for examining otherwise-invisible fluid flows. These holograms can be captured with standard digital imaging equipment, however processing them to extract tracer or particle locations is computationally expensive. Exacerbating the issue is that hundreds or thousands of holograms must be reconstructed to analyze a single flow. Presented here is a hologram reconstruction and particle extraction system exploiting the massive parallelism of graphics processing units (GPUs) to reduce the time required to locate the particles in 3D space by orders of magnitude. This system requires no expensive proprietary hardware and runs on standard computers, with the only special requirement being an off-the-shelf Nvidia GPU.


Two molecularly imprinted polymers binding to analgesic acetanilide were prepared using either dual functional monomers of calix[4]arene derivative and acrylamide or single monomer acrylamide, respectively. The polymers wen ground, sieved and investigated by equilibrium binding experiment to evaluate their recognition properties for the template and other substrates. Scatchard analysis showed that homogeneous recognition sites were formed in the imprinted polymer matrix. Our results demonstrated that the polymer using two functional monomers exhibited better selectivity for the template. This study may open new frontiers for the development and application of imprinted polymers, such as drug separation and purification.


There is a fundamental change in thinking within the regulatory community due to a better understanding of the underlying biology of adverse effects to human health and the environment. The development of alternatives to use laboratory animals has become a priority. In addition, technological progress is impacting greatly on the amount of data available and on the ways to process and analyse it. Topics, such as identification of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) and modes of action (MoA), together with integrated assessment and testing approaches (IATAs), represent fundamental tools for hazard identification and characterisation of a chemical. Complex endpoints cannot be predicted by a single standalone non-animal test; thus, a major challenge is the complex nature of biological systems. Microphysiological systems (MPS) will enable more complex in vitro human models that better simulate the organ's biology and function by combining different cell types in a specific three-dimensional configuration that simulates functional organs. The process of validation of new approaches needs to be considered in terms of efficiency and length. Regulators might still not have enough confidence to adopt and apply these new approaches: this phase is very challenging and the activities performed by assay developers are not yet addressing the regulatory requirements needs sufficiently. The IATAs provide a framework to consistently evaluate new approach data and could assist in understanding their relevance for specific endpoints. The data need to be reproducible, understandable and statistically sound: indeed, a major issue lies in the interpretation and integration of the results based on subjective assessment, which relies on expert judgement. A well-defined mechanistic characterisation is proposed as a way forward to ensure the relevance of new cell-based test systems.


Drought is a natural and gradual threat, with many devastating consequences for all aspects of human life. Accurate drought forecasting is a promising step to help decision-makers develop strategies to manage drought risks. To achieve this goal, choosing a suitable model plays a vital role in the forecasting method. Various artificial neural network (ANN) models are used to predict short-term and long-term droughts on different time scales using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), including 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 months in Rajasthan and Gujarat. Due to the frequent danger of drought, people Today are facing many environmental challenges. It affects the environment of the country, community and industry. Some of the adverse effects of the drought threat persist in Pakistan, including other threats. However, early measurement and identification of drought can guide for water resources management to use drought-resistant strategies. In this article, we use the Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN) algorithm to predict drought. 17 weather stations in Daman and Diu.


The Essential Court Book for Employment Practitioners Employment Court Practice is a court reference work that gives employment practitioners clear, practical analysis and insight on the Employment Tribunal and Employment Appeal Tribunal Rules. In addition to the Rules, Employment Court Practice offers expert commentary on all facets of employment litigation including taking appeals to the Court of Appeals and specialist areas such as limitation and statutory dispute resolution. * Features Rule by Rule expert annotation that provides invaluable advice on best practice by referring to case law, legislation, and practice codes * Allows you to track changes in the law by showing commencement dates for each Rule or Regulation showing when it came into force with reference to previous amendments * Analyses complex areas of procedure such as territorial jurisdiction and dispute resolution so that answers can be found quickly when preparing a case * Helps resolve key elements of employment law claims in areas including pensions loss and compensation awards by offering guidance on procedural issues * Provides essential information such as EAT forms, useful addresses and websites and a table outlining the list of time limits for cases * Clear presentation including thumb tabs, clear headings, font differentiation between expert comment and statutory materials and extensive cross-referencing


A variational inverse problem is solved using polynomial chaos expansions to infer several critical variables in the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model's (HYCOM's) wind drag parameterization. This alternative to the Bayesian inference approach in Sraj et al. avoids the complications of constructing the full posterior with Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. It focuses instead on identifying the center and spread of the posterior distribution. The present approach leverages the polynomial chaos series to estimate, at very little extra cost, the gradients and Hessian of the cost function during minimization. The Hessian's inverse yields an estimate of the uncertainty in the solution when the latter's probability density is approximately Gaussian. The main computational burden is an ensemble of realizations to build the polynomial chaos expansion; no adjoint code or additional forward model runs are needed once the series is available. The ensuing optimal parameters are compared to those obtained in Sraj et al. where the full posterior distribution was constructed. The similarities and differences between the new methodology and a traditional adjoint-based calculation are discussed.


Kidney-Urine-Belly computed tomography (KUB CT) analysis is an imaging modality that has the potential to enhance kidney stone screening and diagnosis. This study explored the development of a semi-automated program that used image processing techniques and geometry principles to define the boundary, and segmentation of the kidney area, and to enhance kidney stone detection. It marked detected kidney stones and provided an output that identifies the size and location of the kidney based on pixel count. The program was tested on standard KUB CT scan slides from 39 patients at Imam Reza Hospital in Iran who were divided into two groups based on the presence and absence of kidney stones in their hospital records. Of these, the program generated six inconsistent results which were attributed to the poor quality of the original CT scans. Results showed that the program has 84.61 per cent accuracy, which suggests the program's potential in diagnostic efficiency for kidney stone detection. 


Pregabalin [S-[+]-3-isobutylGABA or (S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid, Lyrica] is an anticonvulsant and analgesic medication that is both structurally and pharmacologically related to gabapentin (Neurontin; Pfizer Inc., New York, NY). Previous studies have shown that pregabalin reduces the release of neurotransmitters in several in vitro preparations, although the molecular details of these effects are less clear. The present study was performed using living cultured rat hippocampal neurons with the synaptic vesicle fluorescent dye probe FM4-64 to determine details of the action of pregabalin to reduce neurotransmitter release. Our results indicate that pregabalin treatment, at concentrations that are therapeutically relevant, slightly but significantly reduces the emptying of neurotransmitter vesicles from presynaptic sites in living neurons. Dye release is reduced in both glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-immunoreactive and GAD-negative (presumed glutamatergic) synaptic terminals. Furthermore, both calcium-dependent release and hyperosmotic (calcium-independent) dye release are reduced by pregabalin. The effects of pregabalin on dye release are masked in the presence of l-isoleucine, consistent with the fact that both of these compounds have a high binding affinity to the calcium channel α2-δ protein. The effect of pregabalin is not apparent in the presence of an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist [D(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid], suggesting that pregabalin action depends on NMDA receptor activation. Finally, the action of pregabalin on dye release is most apparent before and early during a train of electrical stimuli when vesicle release preferentially involves the readily releasable pool.


Perhaps one of the most effective ways for counsellor educators to respond to contemporary challenges both within and outside of the academy is to position themselves and their work more centrally with respect to contemporary debates surrounding both higher education and the delivery of human services. By adopting, and identifying with, the curriculum content and scholarly goals of a relevant and inclusive liberal education, counsellor eduction might assist both counsellor educators and student counsellors to act as bona fide scholar-practitioners in ways likely to benefit the contemporary academy and society at large.


Degree Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Department Geography and Anthropology Document Type Dissertation Abstract One of Louisiana's gifts to the world is gumbo. Yet, gumbo is not just a local dish of renown. It is a metaphor which describes the people, a food that represents a region, and a symbol that stands in for the state. It is also the official dish of Louisiana. The association of gumbo with South Louisiana is recognized worldwide. The word itself evokes images of Louisiana's swampy Cajun landscapes. Yet gumbo is not indigenous to Louisiana nor is it a strictly Cajun dish. This dissertation is about the cultural and historical geography of gumbo. This study delves into the background, evolution, and how gumbo became a symbol for south Louisiana. In the historical perspective we see that gumbo is not just a Louisiana food but a dish that has ties to the greater history of the Atlantic world. Gumbo is a dish born of colonialism with heavy influences from the African diaspora. Yet, gumbo goes beyond history. The meaning embodied in gumbo can be found in the cooking of the dish. However, in the cooking of the dish only one geography and one voice is realized. Cooking gumbo illustrates a hidden landscape, which is not often studied in the discipline of geography. By looking at masked performances/hidden landscapes, geographers can get a more nuanced idea of what is actually happening in landscapes and thus realize a true human geography of space. Studying gumbo can help geographers better understand the regional/cultural/historical implications of what a food and its preparation can say about a place. Date 2015 Document Availability at the Time of Submission Student has submitted appropriate documentation to restrict access to LSU for 365 days after which the document will be released for worldwide access. Recommended Citation Hotard, Corey David, "Just Throw it in the Pot! The Cultural Geography of Hidden Landscapes and Masked Performances in South Louisiana Gumbo Cooking" (2015). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 1493. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1493


Place can be generally defined as a location that has been assigned meaning through human experience, and as such it is of multidisciplinary scientific interest. Up to this point place has been studied primarily within the context of social sciences as a theoretical construct. The availability of large amounts of user-generated content, e.g. in the form of social media feeds or Wikipedia contributions, allows us for the first time to computationally analyze and quantify the shared meaning of place. By aggregating references to human activities within urban spaces we can observe the emergence of unique themes that characterize different locations, thus identifying places through their discernible sociocultural signatures. In this paper we present results from a novel quantitative approach to derive such sociocultural signatures from Twitter contributions and also from corresponding Wikipedia entries. By contrasting the two we show how particular thematic characteristics of places (referred to herein as platial themes) are emerging from such crowd-contributed content, allowing us to observe the meaning that the general public, either individually or collectively, is assigning to specific locations. Our approach leverages probabilistic topic modelling, semantic association, and spatial clustering to find locations are conveying a collective sense of place. Deriving and quantifying such meaning allows us to observe how people transform a location to a place and shape its characteristics.


The origins of this work lie in the 4th High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness conference in Busan and its call for a less didactic, "one size fits all" point of entry to improving state capacity (Various, 2011). The "Effective Institutions Platform"(EIP)1, an international partnership of over 60 high, middle, and low income countries and organizations (multilateral and bilateral development agencies, civil society, think tanks) is seeking to operationalize the insight that that there is as much or more to be gained from the tactical and strategic responses of other reformers than from "first best" technical advice from experts. The insight derives from the "new realist"2 approaches to development in general and governance and public sector management in particular ('Doing Development Differently' workshop, 2014; Andrews, 2013; Andrews, Pritchett, & Woolcock, 2012; Blum, Manning, & Srivastava, 2012; Booth, 2014; Booth & Unsworth, 2014; World Bank, 2000, 2012b). Authors contributing to this way of thinking point out that it is expensive and difficult to find out what is really happening before, during, and after reforms. The incentives for reform actors to describe de jure aspirations rather than de facto achievements, and the unobservable nature of the changes which must take in the behaviors of the "distributed agents" ("budgeters, accountants, and such in sector ministries, provinces, and districts" (Andrews, 2014, p.1)) for reforms to be meaningful, combine to mean that knowledge about public sector reforms in general (what tends to work?), and knowledge about public sector reforms in context (what seems to work here?) are both very limited. The new realists respond to these related problems of limited information about the real nature of reforms and the rewards for over-emphasizing anticipated rather than real impacts from public sector reform by emphasizing the importance of the tacit, experiential knowledge of practitioners responsible for reform, downplaying the traditional emphasis on standardized solutions and replacing the rather detached notions of "vision" and "political will" with an emphasis on practical problem-solving. They point out that practitioners who have lived through reform are more likely to know its actual impact, and practitioners who must implement reform are more likely to spot early on whether it seems to be doing what was claimed.


Reinforcement corrosion is a common problem in reinforced concrete infrastructure today, and it is expected to increase in the future. To simply replace the corroded structures with new ones requires large resources, both in financial and environmental terms. Therefore it is important that existing structures are used to their full potential, also after the onset of corrosion. This paper presents a reliability study of the anchorage capacity of a reinforced concrete beam including reinforcement corrosion. The sensitivity of the different input parameters is also studied. As expected, the results show that the reliability is reduced with corrosion; the magnitude depends to a large extent on the modelling uncertainty used for the bond model for corroded reinforcement. The sensitivity analysis shows an influence of corrosion also on the sensitivities of the input parameters, which is expected based on the properties of the underlying bond model. This paper demonstrates that probabilistic evaluations give valuable insight of the reliability, which can be used to prolong the service-life of existing infrastructure and save both money and the environment.


The evidence regarding physician staffing of ICUs does not yet provide a consistent view of the best model to use. Most studies have significant limitations, and this subject is complicated by the fact that optimal ICU staffing may depend on ICU characteristics. The topic with the most data regarding patient outcomes is the intensity of intensivist involvement in care, particularly the value of closed- vs open-model ICUs; however, the evidence is inconsistent here as well. Even if closed-model ICUs produce better outcomes, we do not know which specific elements of that multifaceted organizational paradigm are responsible for improvement. Also, studies of around-the-clock intensivist presence have not consistently shown that it is associated with superior outcomes. Increasingly, nonphysician providers are playing innovative roles in the ICU, and care provided by teams including nurse practitioners or physician assistants appears to be safe and comparable to that provided by other staffing models. Although we do not know the best way to staff ICUs, the conditions of ICU physician coverage will continue to change under the stresses of shortages of intensivists and increasing duty hour limitations for trainees. Nonphysician providers, innovative physician staffing models, telemedicine, and other technologies will be increasingly used to cope with these realities. This evolution makes it more important than ever to study how staffing affects outcomes. Only quantitative evaluation can tell us whether one staffing model is better than another. Accordingly, we need more research from multiple sites to develop a consistent and integrated understanding of this complex topic.


Wadi el-Jarf, located south of Zarafana, has parallels to two other Red Sea sites, Ain Sukhna (Ayn Soukhna) and Mersa/Wadi Gawasis. Over the course of two campaigns (2011-2012), an elaborate complex of storage galleries (some for storage of boat parts), including a system for closure, was excavated, as were camps, facilities for pottery production, dry-stone structures, and an L-shaped jetty with associated stone anchors. Inscriptional evidence allows for interpretation of the organization of the site and a date (reign of Khufu). Seemingly the earliest Egyptian harbor installation on the Red Sea, it may have been superceded by Ain Sukhna. DOI:10.2458/azu_jaei_v05i1_tallet