Is It Really Too Much To Ask? is the fifth book in Jeremy Clarkson's bestselling The World According to Clarkson series. Well, someone's got to do it: in a world which simply will not see reason, Jeremy sets off on another quest to beat a path of sense through all the silliness and idiocy. And there's no knowing what might catch Jeremy's eye along the way. It could be: the merits of Stonehenge as a business model; why all meetings are a waste of time; the theft of the Queen's cows; one Norwegian man's unique approach to showing his gratitude; fitting a burglar alarm to a tortoise; or how. Lou Reed was completely wrong about what makes a perfect day Pithy and provocative, this is Clarkson at his best, taking issue with whatever nonsense gets in the way of his search for all that's worth celebrating. Why should we be forced to accept stuff that's a bit rubbish? Shouldn't things work? Why doesn't someone care? I mean, is it really too much to ask? It's a good thing we've still got Jeremy out there, still looking, without fear or favour, for the answers. Jeremy Clarkson becomes the hilarious voice of a nation once more in Is It Really Too Much To Ask?, Volume 5 of The World According To Clarkson, following bestselling titles The World According to Clarkson, And Another Thing, For Crying Out Loud and How Hard Can It Be? . Praise for Clarkson: "Brilliant ...laugh-out-loud". (Daily Telegraph). "Outrageously funny ...will have you in stitches". (Time Out). Jeremy Clarkson began his writing career on the Rotherham Advertiser. He now writes for the Sun and the Sunday Times and is the tallest person working in British television.


More than a decade after Chile moved from a public pay-as-you-go to a private funded pension system, seven more countries in Latin America have reformed their pension systems. This study provides a detailed description of all second-generation pension reforms in Latin America to date, evaluates the first years of operations of the new systems and outlines the problems and challenges which the systems are still facing. The basic common feature of the "second generation" pension reforms in Latin America is a greater role for funded, privately managed pensions. A move towards more funding is currently also discussed in many OECD countries as one possibility to confront the effects of ageing populations on pay-as-you-go pension systems. Thus, the Latin American reform experience is interesting not only for other developing countries about to embark on pension reform but also for policymakers and pension experts in OECD countries and transition economies.


This book is for anyone who wants to learn how to build rich and interactive web sites that run on the Microsoft platform. With the knowledge you gain from this book, you create a great foundation to build any type of web site, ranging from simple hobby-related web sites to sites you may be creating for commercial purposes. Anyone new to web programming should be able to follow along because no prior background in web development is assumed although it helps if you do have a basic understanding of HTML and the web in general. The book starts at the very beginning of web development by showing you how to obtain and install Visual Web Developer. The chapters that follow gradually introduce you to new technologies, building on top of the knowledge gained in the previous chapters. Do you have a strong preference for Visual Basic over C# or the other way around? Or do you think both languages are equally cool? Or maybe you haven't made up your mind yet and want to learn both languages? Either way, you'll like this book because all code examples are presented in both languages! Even if you have some experience with prior versions of ASP.NET, you may gain a lot from this book. Although many concepts from previous versions are brought forward into ASP.NET 4, you'll discover there's a lot of new stuff to be found in this book, including an introduction to the ADO.NET Entity Framework, the inclusion of jQuery, ASP.NET AJAX, the many changes to the ASP.NET 4 Framework, and much more. This book teaches you how to create a feature-rich, data-driven, and interactive web site called Planet Wrox. Although this is quite a mouthful, you'll find that with Visual Web Developer 2010, developing such a web site isn't as hard as it seems. You'll see the entire process of building a web site, from installing Visual Web Developer 2010 in Chapter 1 all the way up to putting your web application on a live server in Chapter 19. The book is divided into 19 chapters, each dealing with a specific subject. Chapter 1, Getting Started with ASP.NET 4 shows you how to obtain and install Visual Web Developer 2010. You'll get instructions for downloading and installing the free edition of Visual Web Developer 2010, called the Express edition. You are also introduced to HTML, the language behind every web page. The chapter closes with an overview of the customization options that Visual Web Developer gives you. Chapter 2, Building an ASP.NET Web Site shows you how to create a new web site and how to add new elements like pages to it. Besides learning how to create a well-structured site, you also see how to use the numerous tools in Visual Web Developer to create HTML and ASP.NET pages. Chapter 3, Designing Your Web Pages. Visual Web Developer comes with a host of tools that allow you to create well-designed and attractive web pages. In this chapter, you see how to make good use of these tools. Additionally, you learn about CSS, the language that is used to format web pages. Chapter 4, Working with ASP.NET Server Controls. ASP.NET Server Controls are one of the most important concepts in ASP.NET. They allow you to create complex and feature-rich web sites with very little code. This chapter introduces you to the large number of server controls that are available, explains what they are used for, and shows you how to use them. Chapter 5, Programming Your ASP.NET Web Pages. Although the built-in CSS tools and the ASP.NET Server Controls can get you a long way in creating web pages, you are likely to use a programming language to enhance your pages. This chapter serves as an introduction to programming with a strong focus on programming web pages. Best of all: all the examples you see in this chapter (and the rest of the book) are in both Visual Basic and C#, so you can choose the language you like best. Chapter 6, Creating Consistent Looking Web Sites. ASP.NET helps you create consistent-looking pages through the use of master pages, which allow you to define the global look and feel of a page. Skins and themes help you to centralize the looks of controls and other visual elements in your site. You also see how to create a base page that helps to centralize programming code that you need on all pages in your site. Chapter 7, Navigation. To help your visitors find their way around your site, ASP.NET comes with a number of navigation controls. These controls are used to build the navigation structure of your site. They can be connected to your site's central site map that defines the pages in your web site. You also learn how to programmatically send users from one page to another. Chapter 8, User Controls. User controls are reusable page fragments that can be used in multiple web pages. As such, they are great for repeating content such as menus, banners, and so on. In this chapter, you learn how to create and use user controls and enhance them with some programmatic intelligence. Chapter 9, Validating User Input. A large part of interactivity in your site is defined by the input of your users. This chapter shows you how to accept, validate, and process user input using ASP.NET Server Controls. Additionally, you see how to send e-mail from your ASP.NET web application and how to read from text files. Chapter 10, ASP.NET AJAX. Microsoft ASP.NET AJAX allows you to create good-looking, flicker-free web pages that close the gap between traditional desktop applications and web applications. In this chapter you learn how to use the built-in Ajax features to enhance the presence of your web pages, resulting in a smoother interaction with the web site. Chapter 11, jQuery. jQuery is a popular, open source and cross-browser JavaScript library designed to make it easier to interact with web pages in the clients browser. In this chapter you learn the basics of jQuery and see how to add rich visual effects and animations to your web pages. Chapter 12, Introducing Databases. Understanding how to use a database is critical to building web sites, as most modern web sites require the use of a database. Youll learn the basics of SQL, the query language that allows you to access and alter data in a database. In addition, you are introduced to the database tools found in Visual Web Developer that help you create and manage your SQL Server databases. Chapter 13, Displaying and Updating Data. Building on the knowledge you gained in the previous chapter, this chapter shows you how to use the ASP.NET data-bound and data source controls to create a rich interface that enables your users to interact with the data in the database that these controls target. Chapter 14, LINQ and the ADO.NET Entity Framework. LINQ is Microsofts solution for accessing objects, databases, XML, and more. The ADO.NET Entity Framework (EF) is Microsoft's new technology for database access. This chapter shows you what LINQ is all about, how to use the visual EF designer built into Visual Studio, and how to write LINQ to EF queries to get data in and out of your SQL Server database. Chapter 15, Working with DataAdvanced Topics. While earlier chapters focused mostly on the technical foundations of working with data, this chapter looks at the same topic from a front-end perspective. You see how to change the visual appearance of your data through the use of control styles. You also see how to interact with the data-bound controls and how to speed up your application by keeping a local copy of frequently accessed data. Chapter 16, Security in Your ASP.NET 4 Web Site. Although presented quite late in the book, security is a first-class, important topic. This chapter shows you how to make use of the built-in ASP.NET features related to security. You learn about a number of application services that facilitate security. You also learn how to let users sign up for an account on your web site, how to distinguish between anonymous and logged-on users, and how to manage the users in your system. Chapter 17, Personalizing Web Sites. Building on the security features introduced in Chapter 16, this chapter shows you how to create personalized web pages with content targeted at individual users. You see how to configure and use ASP.NET Profile that enables you to store personalized data for known and anonymous visitors. Chapter 18, Exception Handling, Debugging, and Tracing. In order to understand, improve, and fix the code you write for your ASP.NET web pages you need good debugging tools. Visual Web Developer ships with great debugging support that enables you to diagnose the state of your application at run time, helping you find and fix problems before your users do. Chapter 19, Deploying Your Web Site. By the end of the book, you should have a web site that is ready to be shown to the world. But how exactly do you do that? What are the things you need to know and understand to put your web site out in the wild? This chapter gives the answers and provides you with a good look at configuring different production systems in order to run your final web site. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.


The ability of a perception system to discern what is important in a scene and what is not is an invaluable asset, with multiple applications in object recognition, people detection and SLAM, among others. In this paper, we aim to analyze all sensory data available to separate a scene into a few physically meaningful parts, which we term structure, while discarding background clutter. In particular, we consider the combination of image and range data, and base our decision in both appearance and 3D shape. Our main contribution is the development of a framework to perform scene segmentation that preserves physical objects using multi-modal data. We combine image and range data using a novel mid-level fusion technique based on the concept of regions that avoids any pixel-level correspondences between data sources. We associate groups of pixels with 3D points into multi-modal regions that we term regionlets, and measure the structure-ness of each regionlet using simple, bottom-up cues from image and range features. We show that the highest-ranked regionlets correspond to the most prominent objects in the scene. We verify the validity of our approach on 105 scenes of household environments.


Since 1996, JavaScript: The Definitive Guide has been the bible for JavaScript programmersa programmer's guide and comprehensive reference to the core language and to the client-side JavaScript APIs defined by web browsers.The 6th edition covers HTML5 and ECMAScript 5. Many chapters have been completely rewritten to bring them in line with today's best web development practices. New chapters in this edition document jQuery and server side JavaScript. It's recommended for experienced programmers who want to learn the programming language of the Web, and for current JavaScript programmers who want to master it. "A must-have reference for expert JavaScript programmers...well-organized and detailed." --Brendan Eich, creator of JavaScript, CTO of Mozilla"I made a career of what I learned from JavaScript: The Definitive Guide. -- Andrew Hedges, Tapulous


Recently, significant progress has been made on learning structured predictors via coordinated training algorithms such as conditional random fields and maximum margin Markov networks. Unfortunately, these techniques are based on specialized training algorithms, are complex to implement, and expensive to run. We present a much simpler approach to training structured predictors by applying a boosting-like procedure to standard supervised training methods. The idea is to learn a local predictor using standard methods, such as logistic regression or support vector machines, but then achieve improved structured classification by "boosting" the influence of misclassified components after structured prediction, re-training the local predictor, and repeating. Further improvement in structured prediction accuracy can be achieved by incorporating "dynamic" features--i.e. an extension whereby the features for one predicted component can depend on the predictions already made for some other components.

We apply our techniques to the problem of learning dependency parsers from annotated natural language corpora. By using logistic regression as an efficient base classifier (for predicting dependency links between word pairs), we are able to efficiently train a dependency parsing model, via structured boosting, that achieves state of the art results in English, and surpasses state of the art in Chinese.


The philosophical tradition in the West has always subjected life to conceptual divisions and questions about meaning. In Vital Nourishment, Francois Jullien contends that although this process has given rise to a rich history of inquiry, it proceeds too fast. In their anxiety about meaning, Western thinkers since Plato have forgotten simply to experience life. In this installment of his continuing project of plumbing the philosophical divide between Eastern and Western thought, Jullien slows down, and, using the third and fourth century B.C.E. Chinese thinker Zhuanghi as a foil, begins to think about life from a point outside of Western inquiry.The question of how to "feed life," or nourish it, is the point of departure for the Chinese tradition that Jullien locates in Zhuanghi. Life passes through each of us, and we have a duty to become amenable to its ebbs and flows. We must cultivate a sense of being adequate to it so that we can house it. Exploring notions of breath, energy, and immanence, Jullien reopens a vibrant space of intellectual exchange between East and West. In doing so, he refuses to commit to a rigid framework of meaning, and his text unfolds as an elegant process that mirrors the very type of thought he explores. Pointing out that it seems intellectually and politically imperative today to reinvigorate Western thought with ideas from the East, Jullien seeks to create a space of mutual inquiry that maintains the integrity of both Eastern and Western thinking. Vital Nourishment is both a rich intellectual historical journey and a text very much attuned to the philosophical politics of the present.Francois Jullien is Professor at the Universite Paris VII-Denis Diderot and director at the Institut de la Pensee Contemporaine. He is the author of Detour and Access: Stratgies of Meaning in Chna and Greece, The Propensity of Things: Toward a History of Efficacy in China, and In Praise of Blandness: Proceeding from Chinsese Thought and Aesthetics, all published by Zone Books.


Mass tort scholars, practitioners, and judges struggle with determining the most efficient approach to adjudicate sometimes tens of thousands of cases. Favoring class actions, mass tort scholars and judges have assumed that litigating any issue once is best. But while litigating any one issue could conceivably save attorneys' fees and court resources, a single adjudication of thousands of mass tort claims is unlikely to further tort goals of corrective justice, efficiency, or compensation in a reliable way. That is because, as recent empirical research on jury behavior shows, any one jury's verdict may be an outlier on a potential bell curve of responses applying the law to the facts before it. Indeed, one aberrational, high jury claim valuation, if extrapolated to thousands of claims through a class action, may inappropriately bankrupt an entire industry. Similarly, one unusually low jury verdict might deny legions of plaintiffs the compensation that they deserve. To illustrate the problems of attempting to resolve a mass tort with a single jury, this Article discusses the Engle tobacco class action of Florida smokers, where the application of a single jury verdict to approximately 700,000 smokers appears to be an outlier verdict in light of prior juries' verdicts in Florida tobacco cases. In contrast, this Article argues that the use of multiple juries in individual cases is a superior method of resolving a mass tort. While the use of multiple juries in class actions to create statistically cobbled claim values has been rejected as violating due process and state tort law, no such problems accompany the approach espoused here: that individual-plaintiff lawsuits, each with its own jury, be tried and that the jury verdicts be used by mass tort litigants to develop claim values for broad mass tort settlement. In addition to remaining within the strictures of constitutional and tort law, this clustering of multiple juries around an accurate valuation of mass tort claims and the resulting likely settlement furthers both the procedural goal of litigant autonomy and the tort aims of efficiency, corrective justice, and compensation.


During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die. —Nelson Mandela's Statement in 1964 Rivonia Trial


Since the 1970's, American inner cities, particularly in the northeast, have undergone significant economic, structural and aesthetic changes. Many cities with predominantly blue collar work forces have found it difficult to adjust to the changing demands of the market place. An economic conversion took place during the 1970's which led to a decrease in the demand for blue collar workers and increased the need for better educated and technologically literate workers. Some cities understood the historical cyclical changes inherent in their economies and were prepared to address these changes. Those cities which were ill prepared for these structural changes in market demands realized record unemployment rates, pervasive poverty and urban flight. In recent years, cities have engaged in extensive urban renewal and revitalization of downtown areas in order to attract the middle-class citizens back to the inner city. This process, often referred to as gentrification often displaces and marginalizes poor inner city residents. This paper examines the impact of gentrification on the social and economic progress of low income citizens in urban areas. The primary goal of this paper is to determine if gentrification adversely impacts the economic growth rate of poor persons by displacing them to areas with decreased opportunities for upward mobility and by segregating them to areas with limited access to essential public and private sector services.


A Project Report Submitted to Chandaria School of Business in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Masters in Business Administration (MBA)


Does school participatory budgeting (SPB) increase students' political efficacy? SPB, which is implemented in thousands of schools around the world, is a democratic process of deliberation and decision-making in which students determine how to spend a portion of the school's
 budget. We examined the impact of SPB on political efficacy in one middle school in Arizona. Our participants' (n = 28) responses on survey items designed to measure self-perceived growth in political efficacy indicated a large effect (Cohen's d = 1.46), suggesting
 that SPB is an effective approach to civic pedagogy, with promising prospects for developing students' political efficacy.


Au fil du temps builds a picture of an Alpine landscape from a variety of temporal and spatial perspectives. In chronological order, ten scenes present time-lapse sequences captured during the same season in three different locations. The soundtrack may be understood as an extension of this environmental scene but stands out of (the visual) time both structurally and representationally. Structurally, the dominant sound layers resonate with the large-scale rhythms of the environment that are glimpsed in the time-compression of the image sequences (the daily heating and cooling of the earth, and the concomitant effect on weather systems); the moment-by-moment surface details of the scenes are traced only in the video channel. Representationally, the cowbells, which were recorded in the mountain pastures in September and, in iconic musical terms, are a feature of such landscapes—think Mahler (Webern) and Strauss, are out of season with the video. The temporal disjunctions between audio and video (both these sensory channels providing mostly different information) and the spatial disjunction in the split-screen scenes showing synchronous images from two geographically separated cameras combine to provide multiple descriptions of a landscape, while denying the customary correspondence between audio and visual domains. The proportions of scale in the environment and the time compression of the image sequences magnify changes in the scene. Giant peaks, despite their size and seeming immutability, are continually transformed by the weather: temporally animated clouds efface the static, awe-inspiring peaks of the Dents du Midi, for example, making them look, momentarily at least, insignificant.The Alpine world of white, black and blue and all intermediate shades is presented, with dramatic contrasts between reflected light and shadows. Of particular note in this connection, is the illumination of the ridge below les Hauts Forts by moonlight. The soundtrack creates a fragile, tender sound, that in establishing a counterpoint with the visual imagery, emphasizes the notion of observer and observed, as if the viewer were in a state of reverie. Slowly evolving synthesized sounds and recordings of cowbells from the mountain pastures combine to present a weave of interleaved textures. The dominant cycles of repeated clarinet-like sounds lock the video into a pace that temporally mirrors the unfolding of natural events on the grand scale of the imagery. Scenes 1. Mer du nuages 2. Les Hauts Forts 3. Dents du Midi, les Hauts Forts 4. Dents du Midi, les Hauts Forts 5. Les Hauts Forts: moonlight 6. Dents du Midi 7. Dents du Midi, Lac d'Avoriaz: moonrise 8. Lac d'Avoriaz 9. Dents du Midi, Lac d'Avoriaz: sunrise10. Dents du Midi Considerations of method The video presents images captured by cameras positioned in the snow-capped peaks of the French Alps over a period of four months. The cameras were placed in three different positions around the ski resort of Avoriaz: one in an alpine rescue hut, two in the resort itself, the first of these on the highest apartment block looking toward a ridge, and the other looking across the frozen lac d'Avoriaz toward a valley with the peaks of les Dents Blanches in the background. Each was placed in order to give different perspectives on the mountains (a peak, a valley, a ridge), providing an experience that could notbe achieved from a viewer's single geographical location within the landscape. The cameras were set to shoot at 30-second intervals. The images were then compiled into short vignettes, powerfully condensing the actual time taken to shoot. The process enables the viewer to experience the landscape over a longer period than is normally possible, e.g. a twenty-four hour period can be seen approximately 80 seconds. The time-lapse technology allows observation of variations in landscape scenes, from different times of day and night, and contrasting weather conditions. In any one visit the typical visitor would be unlikely to see as wide a range of environmental elements captured during the period of shooting.


This study shows how ballot interfaces variably affect the voting performance of people with different abilities. An interface with all information viewable simultaneously might either help orient or overwhelm a voter, depending on his/her skill-set. Voters with diagnosed reading disabilities performed significantly better on full-faced voting machines than those who demonstrated a high likelihood of similar, but undiagnosed, disabilities. In contrast, the diagnosed group performed worse than others when using standard-sized Direct Recording Electronic (DRE) systems. We suspect that this observed difference in performance is due to the interaction of system features with learned coping techniques, which allow diagnosed reading disabled voters to function effectively in other parts of everyday life. The full-faced system provides a means of orienting but not of guiding the voter, while the standard DRE guides the users through the voting process without giving the voter a means of orienting themselves. A hybrid design that incorporates the advantages of both these systems might be beneficial for both reading disabled and non-reading disabled voters.


Abstract. Global-scale chemical transport model simulations indicate lightning NOx dominates upper tropospheric O3 production above Eastern North America during summertime but vary in their estimates. To improve our understanding, a regional-scale model (REAM) with higher resolution is applied. To examine the uncertainties in modeling the impact of convective transport and lightning NOx production on upper tropospheric chemical tracer distributions, REAM simulations of chemical tracers are driven by two meteorological models, WRF and MM5, with different cumulus convective parameterizations. The model simulations are evaluated using INTEX-A aircraft measurements and satellite measurements of NO2 columns and cloud top pressure, and we find that mid and upper tropospheric trace gas concentrations are affected strongly by convection and lightning NOx production. WRF with the KF-eta convection scheme simulates larger convective updraft mass fluxes below 150 hPa than MM5 with the Grell scheme. The inclusion of the entrainment and detrainment processes leads to more outflow in the mid troposphere in WRF than MM5. The ratio of C2H6/C3H8 is found to be a sensitive parameter to convective outflow; the simulation by WRF-REAM is in closer agreement with INTEX-A measurements than MM5-REAM, implying that convective mass fluxes by WRF are more realistic. WRF also simulates lower cloud top heights (10–12 km) than MM5 (up to 16 km), and hence smaller amounts of estimated (intra-cloud) lightning NOx and lower emission altitudes. WRF simulated cloud top heights are in better agreement with GOES satellite measurements than MM5. Simulated lightning NOx production difference (due primarily to cloud top height difference) is mostly above 12 km. At 8–12 km, the models simulate a contribution of 60–75% of NOx and up to 20 ppbv of O3 from lightning, although the decrease of lightning NOx effect from the Southeast to Northeast and eastern Canada is overestimated. The model differences and biases found in this study reflect some major uncertainties of upper tropospheric NOx and O3 simulations driven by those in meteorological simulations and lightning parameterizations.


Miracles occupied a unique place in medieval and Byzantine life and thought. This volume makes available three collections of miracle tales never before translated into English. Together, the collections offer an exceptional variety of miracles from the Byzantine era. First are the fifth-century Miracles of Saint Thekla. Legendary female companion of the Apostle Paul, Thekla counted among the most revered martyrs of the early church. Her Miracles depict activities, at once extraordinary and ordinary, in a rural healing shrine at a time when Christianity was still supplanting traditional religion. A half millennium later comes another anonymous text, the tenth-century Miracles of the Spring of the Virgin Mary. This collection describes how the marvelous waters at this shrine outside Constantinople healed emperors, courtiers, and churchmen. Complementing the first two collections are the Miracles of Saint Gregory Palamas, fourteenth-century archbishop of Thessalonike. Written by the most gifted hagiographer of his era (Philotheos Kokkinos), this account tells of miraculous healings that Palamas performed, both while alive and once dead. It allows readers to witness the development of a saint's cult in late Byzantium. Saints and their miracles were essential components of faith in medieval and Byzantine culture. These collections deepen our understanding of attitudes toward miracles. Simultaneously, they display a remarkable range of registers in which Greek could be written during the still little-known Byzantine period.


The traditional shape-from-shading problem, with a single light source and Lambertian reflectance, is challenging since the constraints implied by the illumination are not sufficient to specify local orientation. Photometric stereo algorithms, a variant of shape-from-shading, simplify the problem by controlling the illumination to obtain additional constraints. In this paper, we demonstrate that many natural lighting environments already have sufficient variability to constrain local shape. We describe a novel optimization scheme that exploits this variability to estimate surface normals from a single image of a diffuse object in natural illumination. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on both simulated and real images.


As Booth notes in a recent commentary on the conceptual and practical links between performance measurement and evidence based library and information practice (EBLIP), there has been a discernable creep among segments of the library community that seemingly existed as two solitudes: those in evidence based librarianship (EBL) circles and those in the library assessment practitioners group. Beginning in 2005, individuals from one group have been showing up at the others' conferences and events to discuss their methods, frameworks and processes. Are these separate movements within librarianship forming theoretical bridges? Is some sort of merger, fusion or takeover in the future? Or are these simply collegial discussions about our evidence?based leanings in librarianship?


THE  world  is  too  much  with  us;  late  and  soon, Getting  and  spending,  we  lay  waste  our  powers: Little  we  see  in  Nature  that  is  ours; We  have  given  our  hearts  away,  a  sordid  boon! The  Sea  that  bares  her  bosom  to  the  moon; The  winds  that  will  be  howling  at  all  hours, And  are  up ⴀ૰‐ȁgathered  now  like  sleeping  flowers; For  this,  for  everything,  we  are  out  of  tune; It  moves  us  not ⴀ૰‐ȁ ⴀ૰‐ȁGreat  God!  I ✀d  rather  be A  Pagan  suckled  in  a  creed  outworn; So  might  I,  standing  on  this  pleasant  lea, Have  glimpses  that  would  make  me  less  forlorn; Have  sight  of  Proteus  rising  from  the  sea; Or  hear  old  Triton  blow  his  wreathed  horn.


Conductive Composites such as carbon fiber reinforced composites are increasingly used in safety critical aerospace applications. The catastrophic macro structural failure of composite structures initiates from a micro level failure event such as fiber breaks. The ability to detect damage early on can improve the safety level and reliability of composite structures. A multilevel self-sensing damage detection techniques ability to detect damage at various length scales are numerically explored using COMSOL multiphysics software. The simulation methodology and results are reported highlighting the multilevel damage detection capability. The electrode configuration and detection sensitivity is also reported.


The one-voice doctrine, a mainstay of U.S. foreign relations jurisprudence, maintains that in its external relations the United States must be able to speak with one voice. The doctrine has been used to answer critical questions about the foreign affairs powers of the President, Congress, the courts, and U.S. states. Notwithstanding its prominence, the one-voice doctrine has received relatively little sustained attention. This Article offers the first comprehensive assessment of the doctrine. The assessment proves fatal. Despite broad use and value in certain contexts, the one-voice doctrine is fundamentally flawed. The doctrine not only is used to address divergent questions concerning the allocation of foreign affairs authority, but masks different theories of constitutional interpretation; conflicts with constitutional text, structure, and history; diverges from actual practice; and fails to account for functional reasons why the United States might benefit from more than one voice in foreign affairs. In light of these failings, this Article concludes that it is time to discard the one-voice doctrine. At best, the doctrine might linger in the form of functional arguments that the need for one voice is compelling in particular cases. Unfortunately, even in this stripped down form, the one-voice notion faces steep hurdles as the courts, in contrast to the political branches, lack competence to identify the contexts in which the United States should speak with one voice in foreign affairs.


Failure of conventional lead-acid battery is attributed to degradation of solid active mass (PbO2 and PbSO4 ). A number of research efforts are underway worldwide to overcome degradation of active mass to improve the cycle life of lead-acid batteries. Soluble lead-acid flow battery (SLFB) is a new kind of lead-acid flow battery in which products of discharge remain in dissolved state. SLFB contains mixture of lead (II)-methanesulfonate as the electroactive material dissolved in methanesulfonic acid. During charging, P bO2 and P b are formed at anode and cathode respectively. During discharge, lead (II)-methanesulfonate is regenerated at both electrodes. The flow battery thus has potentials to overcome a number of drawbacks of the conventional lead-acid batteries, associated with solid discharge products. In experimental studies elsewhere, it has been observed that the voltage-time curve for charge-discharge cycles of SLFB at constant current follows a specific pattern, which impacts the efficiency and capacity of the battery. A simple mathematical model based on diffusive and convective transport of ionic species in the system and their reaction on the electrode surfaces is developed in the present work. The model is used to predict the charge-discharge characteristics of SLFB along with energy efficiency and charge efficiency during the cycling. The model can also be used to predict the cycle life of a SLFB. Electrochemistry module with moving interface available in COMSOL Multiphysics has been used to solve the model.


This paper was written as a commentary chapter for a forthcoming book titled "Matters of Faith: Religious Experience and Legal Response" (Austin Sarat, ed.). The book is based on a conference held at the University of Alabama School of Law in October 2011. Five papers were presented at that conference: on the principal issues discussed, the result was a stark 2-2 tie (with the fifth paper, by a historian, valuable in itself but not taking sides on the disputed matters.) Given the normative orientation of legal scholars, the normal course of business would be to say who is right. But this comment instead focuses on a broader but perennial question: the nature of "tie games" in law and legal scholarship in the area of law and religion.Church-state conflicts, given the contested and incommensurable issues they involve, are particularly prone to end in ties. That fact has recently encouraged some scholars (myself included) to focus more on the "tragic" nature of church-state law, and the moral remainders that are inevitable in this field, than on the "comic" search for a single value or approach that might resolve some of these disputes once and for all. From that perspective, rather than try to "break the tie," there may be more value in considering why church-state issues are prone to end in ties, and what if anything we ought to do or feel about it. In this short paper, I first examine the principal papers and oral discussion at the Matters of Faith conference, which dealt primarily with two issues - the Hosanna-Tabor litigation and the ministerial exception, and the question of whether government may strip tax-exempt status and other subsidies or privileges from churches that engage in "invidious discrimination" - and argue that they end clearly in a deadlock. I then discuss several common methods employed by scholars in the field to resolve these deadlocks, and argue that they are all unsuccessful. The tie remains. Finally, for purposes of analogy, I address another arena in which ties, and the breaking of ties, is common: sports. The similarities and differences between sports and law offer a useful way of thinking about the deadlock in law and religion. I argue that in law and religion, unlike in sports, tiebreaking mechanisms are both necessary and impossible. I conclude with some thoughts on what we might do to at least reduce the moral remainders inherent in church-state conflict, and find ways of keeping the participants involved in the law "game" without creating or further alienating illiberal groups within society. The paper is still in draft, and comments are welcome.


Previous literature has done little to bring together accounts of stimulus equivalence, the transfer of function among stimulus classes, and age-related changes associated with the creation of stimulus classes. This experiment explores these ideas using two participant groups, one consisting of younger adults and one consisting of adult volunteers over the age of 65. Participants were given training using nonsense syllables and eight sets of abstract stimuli. The stimuli differed on a number of features, four of which were class-consistent. Each stimulus contained a combination of one, two, three, or four of the class-consistent features, and the number of class-consistent features was used to identify the typicality of the stimulus within each class. Upon completion of the equivalence training and testing procedure, each participant was told that one of the stimuli from training carried a disease that infects 50% of the animals or plants with which it comes into contact. Participants were then shown a series of stimuli from the testing phase of the equivalence procedure and asked to rate how likely each of these stimuli were to also infect plants or animals. Ratings from this phase determined the transfer of function within the stimulus classes created during the equivalence training procedure. Results showed that older adults need more training trials to master baseline criterion levels than younger adults did, but both groups demonstrated the formation of equivalence classes and typicality effects within those classes. Further, both groups also demonstrated transfer of function within the equivalence classes that was related to the typicality rating of each stimulus within a class.


Recognition of unfavourable outcomes in displaced fractures of the clavicle in its middle third has stimulated global interest in the fixation of these fractures. The design of fixation devices is dependent on in-depth knowledge of the dimensions and morphology of the clavicle in order to optimise the configuration and fixation points of such a device. In this study 100 dry clavicles were obtained from the Anatomy Department for assessment of the dimensions, angular deviations and gross morphology. The clavicle could be divided into distinct regions according to its muscle and ligament attachments and the cross-sectional morphology was typified for each region. The physical data presented can be utilised to inform fracture or osteotomy fixation-device design.


While physics can seem challenging, its true quality is the sheer simplicity of fundamental physical theories--theories and concepts that can enrich your view of the world around you. COLLEGE PHYSICS, Ninth Edition, provides a clear strategy for connecting those theories to a consistent problem-solving approach, carefully reinforcing this methodology throughout the text and connecting it to real-world examples. For students planning to take the MCAT exam, the text includes exclusive test prep and review tools to help you prepare.


This paper reports the results of a corpus investigation on case conflicts in German argument free relative constructions. We investigate how corpus frequencies reflect the relative markedness of free relative and correlative constructions, the relative markedness of different case conflict configurations, and the relative markedness of different conflict resolution strategies. Section 1 introduces the conception of markedness as used in Optimality Theory. Section 2 introduces the facts about German free relative clauses, and section 3 presents the results of the corpus study. By and large, markedness and frequency go hand in hand. However, configurations at the highest end of the markedness scale rarely show up in corpus data, and for the configuration at the lowest end we found an unexpected outcome: the more marked structure is preferred.


The landscape of research is continually evolving, enabling researchers to study
increasingly complex phenomena. Educational researchers have propelled much of this forward progress and have developed novel methodologies to provide increasingly sound and complete evidence. Mixed methods research has emerged alongside quantitative and qualitative approaches as an important tool for researchers. In this article our overall aim is to better acquaint educational scholars with the mixed methods field by articulating the development of the mixed methods field and by citing current trends and issues. The role of
educational researchers in the evolution of mixed methods research is highlighted. The early and ongoing dialogue of mixed methods research is multidisciplinary in nature with current writings across fields. The current debate over key aspects of mixed methods research is now in progress and is ripe for future contributions. Even the very nature of what constitutes mixed methods research is being discussed among scholars. Understanding and advancing the mixed methods field is an important goal for methodologists and researchers. With the increased interest and enthusiasm for mixed methods research, it is likely that the dialogue surrounding mixed methods approaches will thrive, continuing the movement of the field. Keywords : educational research; mixed methods South African Journal of Education Vol. 28 (3) 2008: pp. 321-333


The current centuries old classification of the family Nephtheidae is still mostly based on colony morphology. In this family the Indo-Pacifc genera Litophyton, Nephthea, Dendronephthya and Stereonephthya, and the Atlantic genus Neospongodes form a complex mix of closely related, poorly described species which cannot be recognized using only colony morphology. Attempts with the more modern approach of comparing skeleton composition (sclerites) have been only partly successful because of the extreme variation of sclerite forms present in these genera. The genus Chromonephthea Van Ofwegen, 2005, introduced for several species previously assigned to Dendronephthya, Nephthea and Stereonephthya, was established with sclerite morphology, but the true generic status of the majority of the nominal species of these genera remained unresolved. In an attempt to clarify the phylogenetic relationships between Litophyton, Nephthea, Stereonephthya and Chromonephthea fourteen specimens, unidentified but certainly belonging to these genera, have been used in molecular analyses. All analyses supported two clades, which could be related to the shape of the sclerites present in the polyp stalks. One clade contained the specimens with characters for Stereonephthya along with the Chromonephthea specimen as a sister group. The other clade had a 'true' Nephthea and Litophyton together with the specimens that could not be placed in any particular genus using the old classifi cation criteria. The consequences of these results for nephtheid classifi cation are discussed.


Culture/Place/Health is the first exploration of cultural-geographical health research for a decade, drawing on contemporary research undertaken by geographers and other social scientists to explore the links between culture, place and health. It uses a wealth of examples from societies around the world to assert the place of culture in shaping relations between health and place. It contributes to an expanding of horizons at the intersection of the discipline of geography and the multidisciplinary domain of health concerns.


WINNER OF THE 2011 NOBEL PEACE PRIZE In a time of death and terror, Leymah Gbowee brought Liberia's women together-and together they led a nation to peace. As a young woman, Leymah Gbowee was broken by the Liberian civil war, a brutal conflict that tore apart her life and claimed the lives of countless relatives and friends. Years of fighting destroyed her country-and shattered Gbowee's girlhood hopes and dreams. As a young mother trapped in a nightmare of domestic abuse, she found the courage to turn her bitterness into action, propelled by her realization that it is women who suffer most during conflicts-and that the power of women working together can create an unstoppable force. In 2003, the passionate and charismatic Gbowee helped organize and then led the Liberian Mass Action for Peace, a coalition of Christian and Muslim women who sat in public protest, confronting Liberia's ruthless president and rebel warlords, and even held a sex strike. With an army of women, Gbowee helped lead her nation to peace-in the process emerging as an international leader who changed history. Mighty Be Our Powers is the gripping chronicle of a journey from hopelessness to empowerment that will touch all who dream of a better world.


Maturity is one of the most important biological parameters used in stock assessment programmes. Indeed, the macroscopic stage of gonadal development is an essential feature in estimating the maturity ogive and spawning stock biomass. It is also useful for determining the spawning season of a species and for monitoring long-term changes in the spawning cycle as well as for many other research needs related to the biology of fish. Despite the efforts made during the last few decades to standardize maturity stage data among all the researchers, marine biologists continue without a manageable and unique maturity scale to describe the reproductive development of fish gonads. For these reasons, the objectives of this article are 1) to investigate the biological parameters of five selected key species (Mullus barbatus, Galeus melastomus, Etmopterus spinax, Aristeus antennatus, Loligo vulgaris) with different reproductive strategies following the macroscopic maturity scales based on the same univocal criteria adopted in the MEDITS programme and described in this work; and 2) to compare them among some Mediterranean geographical sub-areas (GSAs) involved in the programme. Neither spawning periods nor size at first maturity (SFM50) for the studied species showed particular differences in the investigated GSAs.


Research in AI within the Computer Science Department at the University of California, Los Angeles is loosely composed of three interacting and cooperating groups: (1) the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, at 3677 Boelter Hall, which is concerned mainly with natural language processing and cognitive modelling, (2) the Cognitive Systems Laboratory, at 4731 Boelter Hall, which studies the nature of search, logic programming, heuristics, and formal methods, and (3) the Robotics and Vision Laboratory, at 3532 Boelter Hall, where research concentrates on robot control in manufacturing, pattern recognition, and expert systems for real-time processing.


Most human capital and migration studies classify migrants with limited formal education as "unskilled," despite substantial skills developed through job and life experiences. Drawing on a binational multi-stage research project that involved interviews with 320 Mexican migrants and return migrants in North Carolina and Guanajuato, Mexico, we identify the lifelong human capital they acquired and transferred throughout their careers and discover that these include not only basic education and English, but also technical and social skills and competences acquired informally on and off the job throughout the course of one's life. We further find that the learning and transfer of skills is a lifelong, gendered process, reflecting the different social contexts and jobs in which men and women learn. In this paper we document several mobility pathways associated with the acquisition and transfer of skills across the migratory circuit, including reskilling, occupational mobility, job jumping, and entrepreneurship. Our study has broad implications for the migration policies of both the US and Mexico. US immigration policy confers preference to "skilled" immigrants who rank high on traditional human capital characteristics, such as education levels and other formal credentials, but limits the entry of "unskilled" migrants, a categorization that ignores the substantial informal skills they bring to US labor markets. Instead of focusing only on the continued expansion of immigration policy preferences for narrowly defined skilled migrants, the US government needs to consider more carefully what we mean by skilled workers and design fairer and more effective immigration policies that match their abilities to the specific needs of US industry and thereby recognize the economic contributions of all migrants within a lifelong human capital framework. Mexico can also learn from our findings. Between 2005 and 2010 an estimated 1.4 million Mexicans returned to Mexico from the US, a figure roughly double the number who had returned in the five-year period a decade earlier (Passel et al. 2012). The government of Mexico has a history of developing programs to provide for Mexicans abroad and encourage their remittances. Our research indicates that the Mexican people and their economy would benefit by supporting entrepreneurial ventures and reintegration programs that recognize and reward the enhanced skill sets of return migrants. As we show, some of these individuals are able to fill valued positions and start businesses of their own, creating more jobs in their home communities and thus promoting local economic development.


Let $S_{m,n}$ be the graph on the vertex set ${\Bbb Z}_m \times {\Bbb Z}_n$ in which there is an edge between $(a,b)$ and $(c,d)$ if and only if either $(a,b) = (c,d\pm 1)$ or $(a,b) = (c \pm 1,d)$ modulo $(m,n)$. We present a formula for the Euler characteristic of the simplicial complex $\Sigma_{m,n}$ of independent sets in $S_{m,n}$. In particular, we show that the unreduced Euler characteristic of $\Sigma_{m,n}$ vanishes whenever $m$ and $n$ are coprime, thereby settling a conjecture in statistical mechanics due to Fendley, Schoutens and van Eerten. For general $m$ and $n$, we relate the Euler characteristic of $\Sigma_{m,n}$ to certain periodic rhombus tilings of the plane. Using this correspondence, we settle another conjecture due to Fendley et al., which states that all roots of $\det (xI-T_m)$ are roots of unity, where $T_m$ is a certain transfer matrix associated to $\{\Sigma_{m,n} : n \ge 1\}$. In the language of statistical mechanics, the reduced Euler characteristic of $\Sigma_{m,n}$ coincides with minus the partition function of the corresponding hard square model with activity $-1$.


"The designers Jasper Morrison and Naoto Fukasawa have compiled 204 everyday objects in search of ""super normal design"": alongside examples of anonymous design like the Swiss Rex vegetable peeler or a simple plastic bag, there are design classics like Marcel Breuer's tubular steel side table, Dieter Ram's 606 shelving system, or Joe Colombo's Optic alarm clock of 1970. With products by Newson, Grcic, the Azumis, and the Bouroullec brothers, it also represents the generation to which Morrison and Fukasawa belong. The phenomenon of the super normal is located, as it were, beyond space and time; the past and present of product design both point to a future that has long since begun. The super normal is already lying exposed before us; it exists in the here and now; it is real and available: we need only open our eyes; Fukasawa and Morrison make it visible for us. "


The strong altitudinal gradients in mountain regions provide unique and sometimes the best opportunities to detect and analyse global change processes and phenomena. Meteorological, hydrological, cryospheric and ecological conditions change strongly over relatively short distances; thus biodiversity tends to be high, and characteristic sequences of ecosystems and cryospheric systems are found along mountain slopes. The boundaries between these systems experience shifts due to environmental change and thus may be used as indicators of such changes. The higher parts of many mountain ranges are not affected by direct human activities. These areas include many national parks and other protected environments. They may serve as locations where the environmental impacts of climate change alone, including changes in atmospheric chemistry, can be studied directly. Mountain regions are distributed all over the globe, from the Equator almost to the poles and from oceanic to highly continental climates. This global distribution allows us to perform comparative regional studies and to analyse the regional differentiation of environmental change processes as characterised above. Therefore, within the IGBP an Initiative for Collaborative Research on Global Change and Mountain Regions was developed, which strives to achieve an integrated approach for observing, modelling and investigating global change phenomena and processes in mountain regions, including their impacts on ecosystems and socio-economic systems.


Both a significant benthic microflora and a near-bottom chlorophyll a maximum
are present in Onslow Bay, NC. Over 80% of the chlorophyll a is associated with the
sediments, supporting previous findings that primary production by microalgae on the
continental shelf out to the shelf break is important. Benthic microalgae are likely to be
the major producers in continental shelves like Onslow Bay where light flux to the
bottom appears to be adequate to support them.
The existence of a near-bottom chlorophyll a maximum is due partly to
resuspension by surface gravity waves. Orbital velocities and bottom shear stresses
exceeded thresholds of 0.2-0.3 m/s and 0.2 N/m2, respectively, and caused statistically
significant increases in turbidity (NTU) and fluorescence (RFU). In addition to the
magnitude of the orbital velocity measured by Turner SCUFA II in situ loggers the
change in orbital velocity (or bottom shear stress) before and after a storm event, and the
duration of the event also control the resuspension phenomena. However, other processes
such as in situ growth of near-bottom microflora, sinking, and the spring bloom have to
be considered as well in studying formation of near-bottom chlorophyll maxima.
I observed anomalously high values of turbidity and fluorescence at 1 m from the
bottom in May-June 2002 and the lowest concentration of phytoplankton in the water
column (near-bottom, mid-depth, surface) during this event. I hypothesize that demersal
zooplankton moved into the water column at night and reentered the substrate by day and
that holozooplankton were down in the water column near the bottom during the day and
migrated upward at night. These migration patterns were responsible for the fluorescence
and turbidity pattern. The high spikes in turbidity signals at 1 m were probably produced by the high density of zooplankton (~10 4m-2) and the fluorescence signal at 1 m was the
result of their nocturnal feeding (the fluorescence signal was related to the chlorophyll a
content in their guts).


Good solid advice and great strategies in preparing for and passing the Juniper Networks Certified Associate Junos (JNCIA-Junos) exam, getting interviews and landing the Juniper Networks Certified Associate Junos (JNCIA-Junos) job. If you have prepared for the Juniper Networks Certified Associate Junos (JNCIA-Junos) exam - now is the moment to get this book and prepare for passing the exam and how to find and land a Juniper Networks Certified Associate Junos (JNCIA-Junos) job, There is absolutely nothing that isn't thoroughly covered in the book. It is straightforward, and does an excellent job of explaining some complex topics. There is no reason to invest in any other materials to find and land a Juniper Networks Certified Associate Junos (JNCIA-Junos) certified job. The plan is pretty simple, buy this book, read it, do the practice questions, get the job. This book figures out ways to boil down critical exam and job landing concepts into real world applications and scenarios. Which makes this book user-friendly, interactive, and valuable as a resource long after students pass the exam. People who teach Juniper Networks Certified Associate Junos (JNCIA-Junos) classes for a living or for their companies understand the true value of this book. You certainly will too. To Prepare for the exam this book tells you: - What you need to know about the Juniper Networks Certified Associate Junos (JNCIA-Junos) Certification and exam - Preparation Tips for passing the Juniper Networks Certified Associate Junos (JNCIA-Junos) Certification Exam - Taking tests The book contains several suggestions on how preparing yourself for an interview. This is an aspect that many people underestimate, whilst having a well-written CV, a personal blog, and possibly a number of past projects is definitively important - there is much more to prepare for. It covers non-technical aspects (how to find a job, resume, behavioral etc.).


"The Life of Milarepa" is one of the most beloved stories of the Tibetan people and a great literary example of the contemplative life. This biography, a dramatic tale from a culture now in crisis, can be read on several levels. A personal and moving introduction to Tibetan Buddhism, it is also a detailed guide to the search for liberation. It presents a quest for purification and buddhahood in a single lifetime, tracing the path of a great sinner who became a great saint. It is also a powerfully evocative narrative, full of magic, miracles, suspense, and humor, while reflecting the religious and social life of medieval Tibet.


The diagnostic tool developed in this study was designed to perform acoustic analyses to enhance the International Electrotechnical Commission's (IEC) 61400-11, edition 2.1 Standard. The IEC Standard, which is the current international standard for collecting wind turbine acoustic data, describes a methodology for measuring, characterizing, and reporting wind turbine acoustic emissions. The developed diagnostic tool uses enhanced tonal analysis to allow for identification of peak frequencies and a more detailed characterization of a turbine's acoustic emissions.

In this study, the IEC Standard 61400-11 methodology was followed for acoustic and meteorological data acquisition for six wind turbines. Band pass filters isolated individual peak frequencies to identify and quantify individual point source contributors to a wind turbine's acoustic emissions. Through specific mathematical conversions, a linear comparison of sound pressure levels was performed for relative quantification. Each identified sound pressure percentage was then associated with a point source contributor through application of a decision tree developed for this study.

The diagnostic tool has shown to illustrate a process that presents concise acoustic information that may be useful to wind turbine manufacturers to target specific major component contributors for mitigation and subsequent reduction of their wind turbines' acoustic emissions.


Prior research on technology and team performance concludes that the fit of the technology to tasks influences team performance. It also suggests that the way teams appropriate technology influences performance. This research examines how fit and appropriation (from the Fit Appropriation Model) influence performance over time. Initially, the results show that fit better predicted performance; teams using poor-fitting technology performed worse than teams with better fitting technology. However, over a short time period (two days in this study), this initial fit no longer predicted performance; performance of teams using better fitting technology remained constant while teams using poor-fitting technology innovated and adapted, improving performance. There are two key findings from this study. First, fit can predict team performance soon after technology adoption, but initial assessments of fit are temporary as teams innovate and adapt; thus, our current theoretical models of fitting technology to a task likely will not be useful beyond the first use. Second, teams should understand how to better adapt existing technology and work structures. Because our current theories of task-technology fit failed to predict performance beyond the first use of technology, we believe that this calls for a reconsideration of what fit means for teams using technology.


Not feeling too peachy about computerizing your accounting system? Relax! Peachtree For Dummies, 3rd Edition will show you how to set up your company in Peachtree and then use it to pay bills, invoice customers, pay employees, produce financial reports, and more. Youll quickly discover how Peachtree can save you time, effort, and money so that you no longer have to do your accounting by hand or pay someone else to do it for you. Publishing to coincide with the latest release of Peachtree, this third edition is revised to cover the newest updates and enhancements made to the most recent version of Peachtree. Veteran authors Elaine Marmel and Diane Koers break down the capabilities of Peachtree Premium Accounting, from building an effective chart of accounts, to customizing forms and modifying reports, to setting up default information that will save you time down the line. Youll also discover how to: Work with purchase orders Sell products and services Generate invoices Track project costs Produce income statements Back up and restore data Balance accounts Manage inventory Handle customer prepayments Pay for purchase orders with a credit card Keep your account information safe Packed with examples of everyday, real-life situations, Peachtree For Dummies, 3rd Edition is the reference you need so that you can put Peachtree to work for you and get the job done quickly and correctly.


This comprehensive, state-of-the-art bibliography documents the most recent research activity in the vibrant field of language, gender and sexuality. It provides experts in the field and students in tertiary education with access to language-centred resources on gender and sexuality and is, therefore, an ideal research companion. The main part of the bibliography lists 3,454 relevant publications (monographs, edited volumes, journal articles and contributions to edited volumes) that have been published within the period from 2000 to 2011. It unites work done in linguistics with that of neighbouring disciplines, covering studies dealing with a broad range of languages and cultures around the globe. Alphabetical listing and a keyword index facilitate finding relevant work by author and subject matter. The e-book version additionally enables users to search the entire document for specific terms. Sections on earlier bibliographies and general reference works on language, gender and sexuality complete the compilation.


Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) experience difficulty performing everyday motor tasks. It is has been suggested that children with DCD have fewer self-regulatory (SR) skills with which to acquire motor skills. This article presents the results of an exploratory study examining the development of SR competence among ten 7-9-year-old children with DCD participating in the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) program (Polatajko & Mandich, 2004). Using a quantitative observational coding method, children's SR behavior was examined and compared across intervention sessions. Results indicate that children demonstrating improved motor performance similarly demonstrated more independent and effective SR behaviors. In contrast, children whose motor performance remained relatively stable failed to demonstrate such a change. These findings suggest that CO-OP enables SR performance among children with motor performance difficulties and, as a result, facilitates improved task performance.


What should be our orientation to the socio-technical as climate predictions worsen; ecological crises and wars escalate mass migration and refugee numbers; right-wing populism sweeps through politics; automation threatens workers' jobs and austerity policies destabilize society? What is to be done when it is not "business as usual" and even broken concepts of progress seem no longer to be progressing? We ask how to design for the common good, focusing on human needs for meaning, fulfillment, dignity and decency, qualities which technology struggles to support but can easily undermine. We juxtapose the design of computing that offers hope with that which offers only distraction, propose four modes to design for (being attentive, critical, different and in it together) and conclude with a plea to avoid tools that encourage a blinkered existence at a time of great uncertainty and change.


The effects of classical gravitational radiation in models with large extra dimensions are investigated for ultra high energy cosmic rays (CRs). The cross sections are implemented into a simulation package (SENECA) for high energy hadron induced CR air showers. We predict that gravitational radiation from quasi-elastic scattering could be observed at incident CR energies above 109 GeV for a setting with more than two extra dimensions. It is further shown that this gravitational energy loss can alter the energy reconstruction for CR energies ECR ≥ 5 · 109 GeV.


Although they emerged seven decades apart, commercial broadcasting and the Internet were greeted with similar excited declarations of their potential to transform American democracy by hosting an electronic free marketplace of ideas that would inform and enlighten citizens and catalyze discussion on issues of public importance. The federal government played a central role in the initial development and proliferation of both technologies, but then assumed very different regulatory orientations to the two industries once they were commercialized. In broadcasting, the government took on an interventionist posture promoting civic republican First Amendment values by means of a variety of public interest programming requirements, justified by the public ownership and scarcity of broadcast spectrum. Technological, constitutional, regulatory and political constraints, however, conspired to render the broadcast public interest standard largely ineffective at realizing the democratic and expressive potential of the broadcast media. In contrast to its proactive orientation towards broadcasting, the government shifted to a noninterventionist posture towards the Internet after having played a seminal role in its creation and popularization. While touting the Internet's importance as a transformative democratic and expressive instrument, the government has preferred to rely on the commercial marketplace to optimize the Internet as a ubiquitous and vibrant platform of diverse and free democratic discussion, cultural expression, and social interaction. The government's deference to the commercial marketplace to realize the democratic and expressive potential of the Internet, and especially high-speed broadband, has not served the nation well. The United States continues to fall significantly behind other industrialized nations in the proliferation of broadband service that is universal, fast and inexpensive. Although expression abounds on the Internet, private censorship does too. There is very little public space online where the full complement of First Amendment protection applies, and very few local governments have interactive online presences. Whereas the Internet was hoped to bring citizens together for deliberative democratic exchange, there is much evidence that it atomizes attention, breeds civic disengagement, and fosters factionalism and polarization, while often undermining true deliberation in political discussion. In light of these concerns, as well as the Internet's emergence as a medium rivaling broadcasting in centrality and influence, this article argues that the federal government should adopt a much more proactive approach towards the Internet and broadband especially. It proposes that some of the principal goals valorized by the broadcast public interest standard - universal service, democratic engagement in a marketplace of ideas, diversity and localism - should serve as a template for affirmative government interventions designed to promote the Internet's democratic and expressive potential while helping mitigate its harms. The article discusses a number of proposals to operationalize a broadband public interest standard, including direct subsidies for universal broadband service to underserved communities, support for public fora on local and state government websites as well as noncommercial locally oriented content, and a requirement for network neutrality. It concludes with a discussion of how such proposals would be consistent with the First Amendment, satisfying both the autonomy-rooted and civic republican conceptions of democracy, and avoiding the legislative, regulatory and administrative pitfalls of the broadcast public interest standard.


With more than 700,000 copies sold to date, Java in a Nutshell from O'Reilly is clearly the favorite resource amongst the legion of developers and programmers using Java technology. And now, with the release of the 5.0 version of Java, O'Reilly has given the book that defined the "in a Nutshell" category another impressive tune-up.In this latest revision, readers will find Java in a Nutshell, 5th Edition, does more than just cover the extensive changes implicit in 5.0, the newest version of Java. It's undergone a complete makeover--in scope, size, and type of coverage--in order to more closely meet the needs of the modern Java programmer.To wit, Java in a Nutshell, 5th Edition now places less emphasis on coming to Java from C and C++, and adds more discussion on tools and frameworks. It also offers new code examples to illustrate the working of APIs, and, of course, extensive coverage of Java 5.0. But faithful readers take comfort: it still hasn't lost any of its core elements that made it such a classic to begin with.This handy reference gets right to the heart of the program with an accelerated introduction to the Java programming language and its key APIs--ideal for developers wishing to start writing code right away. And, as was the case in previous editions, Java in a Nutshell, 5th Edition is once again chock-full of poignant tips, techniques, examples, and practical advice. For as long as Java has existed, Java in a Nutshell has helped developers maximize the capabilities of the program's newest versions. And this latest edition is no different.


In 1949 Mao Zedong hoisted the red flag over Beijing's Forbidden City. Instead of liberating the country, the communists destroyed the old order and replaced it with a repressive system that would dominate every aspect of Chinese life. In an epic of revolution and violence which draws on newly opened party archives, interviews and memoirs, Frank Dikotter interweaves the stories of millions of ordinary people with the brutal politics of Mao's court. A gripping account of how people from all walks of life were caught up in a tragedy that sent at least five million civilians to their deaths.


Since our last report in 2003, we document the discovery of an additional seven species of Inocybe from Dicymbe (Fabaceae) forests of Guyana in northeastern South America. Of these, five are described as new: I. enigmatica, I. lepidotella, I. magnifolia, I. marginata, and I. rhodella. Two additional species described originally from Brazil and Venezuela, I. amazoniensis and I. lasseri, respectively, are reported as new records for Guyana. This raises the number of Inocybe species reported from Guyana to eleven. Molecular identifications of ectomycorrhizal root tips of species of Dicymbe and Aldina (Fabaceae) match five of the known Inocybe species from Guyana. An additional eight Inocybe ITS sequences distinct at the species level were detected from ectomycorrhizal root tips of Fabaceae in Guyana but at present match no known morphological species represented in regional or global sequence databases. A revised key to species of Inocybe from Guyana is presented together with illustrations of new taxa. Data from examination of types of I. amazoniensis and I. matrisdei are presented, as well as supplementary reports of I. epidendron and I. pulchella, both originally described from Guyana.


Over the past 10 years, financial firms have increased the size of their positions in the oil futures market. At the same time, oil prices have increased dramatically. The conjunction of these developments has led some observers to argue that financial speculation caused the run-up in oil prices. Yet several arguments cast doubt on the validity of this claim. First, although the stock of open futures contracts is many times larger than the flow of oil consumption in the United States, comparing these two statistics is misleading. Stocks are not measured with respect to a specific unit of time but flows are, so the two are not directly comparable. Second, empirical analysis shows that changes in financial firms' positions do not predict oil-price changes, but that oil-price changes predict changes in positions. Third, the evidence indicates that financial firms' positions did not cause the market to expect persistent price increases during 2007/08. Other explanations for the increase in oil prices include macroeconomic fundamentals, such as interest rates and increased demand from emerging Asia. Of these two explanations, the one that seems most consistent with the facts explains oil-price fluctuations in terms of large and persistent demand shocks related to growth in global real activity in the presence of supply constraints.


The weight of topside of offshore structure is a direct measure of the amount of equipment and materials that must be procured and fabricated, which has a direct bearing on project cost and schedule. In this study, the estimating method to develop the topside weight for the feasibility design phase was carried out. The weight estimating methods were surveyed by the reference and summarized their characteristics. The weight estimation methods by statistical one and volumetric density one were developed. In the statistical method, the correlation analysis and the multiple regression analysis were used for developing the weight estimating method. As a result of evaluating the developed method, the error ratio of variation between estimated weight and offshore structure's data was about 12%. In the volumetric density method, the method to estimate the weight of topside using Bulk factor was studied. And the estimated Bulk factor was compared with the real one.


Daily fields obtained from a 17-yr atmospheric GCM simulation are used to study the surface sensible and latent heat flux variability and its relationship to the sea level pressure (SLP) field. The fluxes are analyzed over the North Pacific and Atlantic Oceans during winter. The leading mode of interannual SLP variability consists of a single center associated with the Aleutian low in the Pacific, and a dipole pattern associated with the Icelandic low and Azores high in the Atlantic. The surface flux anomalies are organized by the low-level atmospheric circulation associated with these modes in agreement with previous observational studies. The surface flux variability on all of the timescales examined, including intraseasonal, interannual, 3‐10 day, and 10‐30 day, is maximized along the north and west edges of both oceans and between Japan and the date line at ;358N in the Pacific. The intraseasonal variability is approximately 3‐5 times larger than the interannual variability, with more than half of the total surface flux variability occuring on timescales of less than 1 month. Surface flux variability in the 3‐10-day band is clearly associated with midlatitude synoptic storms. Composites indicate upward (downward) flux anomalies that exceed |30 W m 22| occur to the west (east) of storms, which move eastward across the oceans at 108‐158 per day. The SLP and surface flux anomalies are also strong and coherent in the 10‐30-day band but are located farther north, are broader in scale, and propagate ;3‐4 times more slowly eastward than the synoptic disturbances. The sensible and latent heat flux are proportional to the wind speed multiplied by the air‐sea temperature and humidity difference, respectively. The anomalous wind speed has the greatest influence on surface flux anomalies in the subtropics and western Pacific, while the air temperature and moisture anomalies have the greatest impact in the northeast Pacific and north of 408N in the Atlantic. The covariance between the wind speed and the air temperature or humidity anomalies, while generally small, is nonnegligible on synoptic timescales.


A graph $G$ on $m$ edges is considered graceful if there is a labelling $f$ of the vertices of $G$ with distinct integers in the set $\{0,1,\dots,m\}$ such that the induced edge labelling $g$ defined by $g(uv)=|f(u)-f(v)|$ is a bijection to $\{1,\dots,m\}$. We here consider some relaxations of these conditions as applied to tree labellings: 1. Edge-relaxed graceful labellings, in which repeated edge labels are allowed, 2. Range-relaxed graceful labellings, in which the upper bound $m'$ is allowed to go higher than the number of edges, and 3. Vertex-relaxed graceful labellings, in which repeated vertex labels are allowed. The first of these had been looked at by Rosa and Siraň (1995). Here some linear bounds in the relevant metrics are given for range-relaxed and vertex-relaxed graceful labellings.


This essay serves to introduce students to the institutions of the democratic constitution of ancient Athens, during its flowering in the fifth and fourth centuries BCE. Its principal purpose is to enable students to compare the Athenian democracy with the system established by the U.S. Constitution. It will serve equally well to meet the needs of anyone who is interested in the Athenian democracy for its own sake. The essay assumes no prior background knowledge about the Athenian system. The Athenian democracy is worthy of study if for no other reason than that it was the inspiration for modern democratic systems. The ancient system takes on added interest from the standpoint of comparative constitutional law. Many of the institutions of the Athenian democracy seem quite peculiar to us moderns, and some of them strike us as downright bizarre. Yet the goals of those who designed that system were very similar to the goals of the designers of modern constitutional democracies: establishment of a system in which political power resided with the people, in which government officials had enough power to be able to discharge their functions, and in which official power was effectively constrained so that it did not devolve into tyranny. The essay has several features that enhance its pedagogical mission. The expository portion is followed by a set of review questions that help the student test her comprehension, and a set of discussion questions meant to facilitate classroom discussion. A glossary of Greek terms used in the essay is also included.


Systems biology is a rapidly growing field which seeks a refined quantitative understanding of organisms, particularly studying how molecular species such as metabolites, proteins and genes interact in cells to form the complex emerging behaviour exhibited by living systems. Synthetic biology is a related and emerging field which seeks to engineer new organisms for practical purposes. Both fields can benefit from formal languages for modelling, simulation and analysis. In systems biology there is however a trade-off in the landscape of existing formal languages: some are modular but may be difficult for some biologists to understand (e.g. process calculi) while others are more intuitive but monolithic (e.g. rule-based languages). The first major contribution of this thesis is to bridge this gap with a Language for Biochemical Systems (LBS). LBS is based on the modular Calculus of Biochemical Systems and adds e.g. parameterised modules with subtyping and a notion of nondeterminism for handling combinatorial explosion. LBS can also incorporate other rule-based languages such as Kappa, hence adding modularity to these. Modularity is important for a rational structuring of models but can also be exploited in analysis as is shown for the specific case of Petri net flows. On the synthetic biology side, none of the few existing dedicated languages allow for a high-level description of designs that can be automatically translated into DNA sequences for implementation in living cells. The second major contribution of this thesis is exactly such a language for Genetic Engineering of Cells (GEC). GEC exploits the recent advent of standard genetic parts ("biobricks") and allows for the composition of such parts into genes in a modular and abstract manner using logical constraints. GEC programs can then be translated to DNA sequences using a constraint satisfaction engine based on a given database of genetic parts.


When a disaster strikes the United States, Congress typically feels heavy pressure to enact legislation, including tax legislation, to provide relief. This Article discusses features of two tax legislative initiatives, which responded to two quite different disasters: first, the response to the devastation of the fall 2005 hurricane season and, then, the response to the earlier terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon of September 11, 2001. The Article first raises the possibility that some of the provisions of these acts may be vulnerable to indirect constitutional challenge under the Uniformity Clause. In examining some of the problems inherent in post-disaster tax legislation, it discusses the role, usually unfortunate, of sympathy in tax legislation. It goes on to consider how, despite the fact that the targets of relief legislation are generally thought to be people in need, it nevertheless seems to be the case that a good deal of the benefits of disaster legislation in the tax area goes to relatively high-income and high-wealth taxpayers. It asks whether a better approach can be institutionalized. It suggests that Congress identify those provisions enacted in response to the recent disasters that make sense generally, such as five-year carryback of net operating losses, and amend the tax code to adopt these rules generally. It further recommends that Congress identify those provisions needed in particular when a whole area is devastated - a five-year period for replacing destroyed property, credit for wages to pre-disaster employees, and routine entensions of filing deadlines - and make them available to any declared disaster area. It urges as well two kinds of longer-term approaches. One is to consider and evaluate disaster tax relief provisions as a kind of national insurance against disasters that the private market does not supply. The other is to develop off-the-shelf provisions to be activated when a disaster strikes.


In the new epoch of Anthropocene, global freshwater resources are experiencing extensive degradation from a multitude of stressors. Consequently, freshwater ecosystems are threatened by a considerable loss of biodiversity as well as substantial decrease in adequate and secured freshwater supply for human usage, not only on local scales, but also on regional to global scales. Large scale assessments of human and ecological impacts of freshwater degradation enable an integrated freshwater management as well as complement small scale approaches. Geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial statistics (SS) have shown considerable potential in ecological and ecotoxicological research to quantify stressor impacts on humans and ecological entitles, and disentangle the relationships between drivers and ecological entities on large scales through an integrated spatial-ecological approach. However, integration of GIS and SS with ecological and ecotoxicological models are scarce and hence the large scale spatial picture of the extent and magnitude of freshwater stressors as well as their human and ecological impacts is still opaque. This Ph.D. thesis contributes novel GIS and SS tools as well as adapts and advances available spatial models and integrates them with ecological models to enable large scale human and ecological impacts identification from freshwater degradation. The main aim was to identify and quantify the effects of stressors, i.e climate change and trace metals, on the freshwater assemblage structure and trait composition, and human health, respectively, on large scales, i.e. European and Asian freshwater networks. The thesis starts with an introduction to the conceptual framework and objectives (chapter 1). It proceeds with outlining two novel open-source algorithms for quantification of the magnitude and effects of catchment scale stressors (chapter 2). The algorithms, i.e. jointly called ATRIC, automatically select an accumulation threshold for stream network extraction from digital elevation models (DEM) by assuring the highest concordance between DEM-derived and traditionally mapped stream networks. Moreover, they delineate catchments and upstream riparian corridors for given stream sampling points after snapping them to the DEM-derived stream network. ATRIC showed similar or better performance than the available comparable algorithms, and is capable of processing large scale datasets. It enables an integrated and transboundary management of freshwater resources by quantifying the magnitude of effects of catchment scale stressors. Spatially shifting temporal points (SSTP), outlined in chapter 3, estimates pooled within-time series (PTS) variograms by spatializing temporal data points and shifting them. Data were pooled by ensuring consistency of spatial structure and temporal stationarity within a time series, while pooling sufficient number of data points and increasing data density for a reliable variogram estimation. SSTP estimated PTS variograms showed higher precision than the available method. The method enables regional scale stressors quantification by filling spatial data gaps integrating temporal information in data scarce regions. In chapter 4, responses of the assumed climate-associated traits from six grouping features to 35 bioclimatic indices for five insect orders were compared, their potential for changing distribution pattern under future climate change was evaluated and the most influential climatic aspects were identified (chapter 4). Traits of temperature preference grouping feature and the insect order Ephemeroptera exhibited the strongest response to climate as well as the highest potential for changing distribution pattern, while seasonal radiation and moisture were the most influential climatic aspects that may drive a change in insect distribution pattern. The results contribute to the trait based freshwater monitoring and change prediction. In chapter 5, the concentrations of 10 trace metals in the drinking water sources were predicted and were compared with guideline values. In more than 53% of the total area of Pakistan, inhabited by more than 74 million people, the drinking water was predicted to be at risk from multiple trace metal contamination. The results inform freshwater management by identifying potential hot spots. The last chapter (6) synthesizes the results and provides a comprehensive discussion on the four studies and on their relevance for freshwater resources conservation and management.


The making of the "Oxford English Dictionary" was a monumental 50 year task requiring thousands of volunteers. One of the keenest volunteers was a W C Minor who astonished everyone by refusing to come to Oxford to receive his congratulations. In the end, James Murray, the "OED's" editor, went to Crowthorne in Berkshire to meet him. What he found was incredible - Minor was a millionaire American civil war surgeon turned lunatic, imprisoned in Broadmoor Asylum for murder and yet who dedicated his entire cell-bound life to work on the English language.


The dissertation project focuses on empirically investigating consumers' attitudes, motivations and purchasing decisions regarding sustainable products. The focus on this micro perspective, however, does not reflect consumers' roles within the transformation towards sustainable consumption. Therefore, the present framework paper puts the included papers into a greater context and evaluates the findings on a meta-level by applying an enhanced transition management theory. The analysis underlines that consumers' limited personal capabilities are an underlying reason for unsustainable practices. Therefore, the active engagement not only of consumers, but also of companies is required if the transformation is to be successful. If companies actively support consumers in making sustainable choices, consumers can engage in sustainable consumption with only low cognitive efforts. On this basis, genuine sustainable choices are enabled. The dissertation provides practical implications by highlighting potential measures which will help to promote sustainable products from niches to mainstream. In sum, the dissertation project enhances academic understanding of consumers' sustainable purchasing behavior and reveals the potential of integrating such insights into the management of transformations towards sustainable consumption.


This article reports on research undertaken about the influence of school culture and school climate on violence at schools in the Eastern Cape. An adapted California School Climate and Survey – Short Form (CSCSS-SF), which was used as the data-collection instrument, was completed by 900 Grade 10 to 12 learners. With the assistance of Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient, it was found that the better the school culture and school climate are at a school, the lower the levels of school violence. On the other hand, a lack of school safety contributed to learners experiencing higher levels of violence at schools. The results of hierarchy regression analyses indicated that school culture and school climate can be used to explain a significant percentage of variance in school violence. The f 2 values indicate that, with the exception of two aspects of the variance physical and verbal harassment, the results did not have any practical value. The article concludes with a few suggestions on how the results can be used to address school violence. Keywords: CSCSS-SF; school climate; school culture; school violence


Today, many Americans blame polarizing conflict over abortion on the Supreme Court. If only the Court had stayed its hand or decided Roe v. Wade on narrower grounds, they argue, the nation would have reached a political settlement and avoided backlash. We question this court-centered backlash narrative. Where others have deplored the abortion conflict as resulting from courts "shutting down" politics, we approach the abortion conflict as an expression of politics - a conflict in which the Supreme Court was not the only or even the most important actor.In this essay, we ask what escalation of the abortion conflict in the decade before the Supreme Court decided Roe might teach about the logic of conflict in the decades after Roe. To do so, we draw on sources we collected for our recently published documentary history, Before Roe v. Wade: Voices That Shaped the Abortion Debate Before the Supreme Court's Ruling (201'7. We begin our story at a time when more Republicans than Democrats supported abortion's decriminalization, when Catholics mobilized against abortion reform but evangelical Protestants did not, when feminists were only beginning to claim access to abortion as a right. We show how Republicans campaigning for Richard Nixon in 1972 took new positions on abortion to draw Catholics and social conservatives away from the Democratic Party. Evidence from the post-Roe period suggests that it was party realignment that helped escalate and shape conflict over Roe in the ensuing decades.The backlash narrative suggests that turning to courts to vindicate rights is too often counter-productive, and that adjudication is to be avoided at all costs. We are not ready to accept this grim diagnosis at face value, and we urge further research into the dynamics of conflict in the decades after Roe. The stakes in understanding this history are high.


Refractory black carbon (rBC) aerosol loadings and mass size distributions have been quantified during the HIPPO campaign above the remote Pacific from 80N to 67S. Over 100 vertical profiles of rBC loadings, extending from ∼0.3 to ∼14 km were obtained with a Single‐Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) during a two‐week period in January 2009. The dataset provides a striking, and previously unobtainable, pole‐to‐pole snapshot of rBC mass loadings. rBC vertical concentration profiles reveal significant dependences on latitude, while associated rBC mass size distributions were highly uniform. The vertical profiles averaged in five latitude zones were compared to an ensemble of AEROCOM model fields. The model ensemble spread in each zone was over an order of magnitude, while the model average over‐predicted rBC concentrations overall by a factor five. The comparisons suggest that rBC removal in global models may need to be evaluated separately in different latitude regions and perhaps enhanced.


Notifiable diseases are a significant burden to health systems across the globe, particularly in developing countries. Sri Lanka is a developing economy of about 20.3 million people spread across a fundamentally industry-driven economy island state, of approximately 65610 square kilometers. This study examines the data for notifiable diseases for Sri Lanka through 2005-2011 inclusive to identify geographic trends in disease outbreaks and to document any indicators that may assist in predicting future outbreaks. The aim of the research was to develop tools to assist in the prediction (or early warning) of future outbreaks. Over the study period there were a total of 280,000 cases of the 18 notifiable conditions. The three most common conditions were Dysentery, Leptospirosis and Dengue Fever which made up 207,000 (74%) of all cases. The incidence of these common notifiable conditions showed significant variability over time. In particular, a significant outbreak of Dengue fever was seen through 2009 and 2010 (with a diminishing tail in 2011). Chronologic and geographic shifts in notifiable disease patterns can be identified though the application of modern Geographic Information Systems. The analysis presented describes in high-fidelity the outbreaks of three common diseases for Sri Lanka over the study period. The addition of further data inputs (eg weather data) would allow the models to be more predictive of outbreaks and would assist in resource allocation and planning.