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Barbara Jean Carnegie Berwald
Ex-wife of former Lakers owner
Barbara Jean Carnegie Berwald, 94, the first wife of media and sports mogul Jack Kent Cooke whose record divorce settlement precipitated his sale of the Lakers, the Kings and the Forum to Jerry Buss, died of heart failure Friday at her home in Purchase, N.Y., her grandson John Kent Cooke Jr. said.
She was born in 1917 in Port Perry, Canada, and soon after moved with her family to St. Catharines, also in the province of Ontario. She married Cooke in 1934, when she was 17 and he was a 21-year-old encyclopedia salesman bent on success.
They moved to California in 1960 and became U.S. citizens. Her husband acquired broadcasting, publishing, sporting and real estate holdings that were worth between $80 million and $100 million when the assets were divided in 1979, two years after they were divorced. They had been married 42 years and had two children, Ralph Kent Cooke and John Kent Cooke.
To finance the settlement of approximately $41 million ordered by Judge Joseph Wapner, Cooke sold his Los Angeles sports teams and the Inglewood arena, as well as a sprawling Northern California ranch, to Buss, who still owns the Lakers. The settlement was then a U.S. record.
She retained the couple's Bel-Air home, remained active in Los Angeles charities and later married Thomas Berwald.
Cooke, who married three more times, died in 1997.
Mike Lynn
Former Vikings general manager
Mike Lynn, 76, the longtime Minnesota Vikings executive who made the ill-fated trade with the Dallas Cowboys for Herschel Walker, died Saturday, the Vikings announced. He had been in failing health for years and died at his home in Holly Springs, Miss., his son Mike Lynn Jr. told the Minneapolis Star-Tribune.
Lynn, the Vikings' general manager from 1975 to 1990, is best remembered for one of the most lopsided trades in NFL history. The team sent five players and seven draft picks to the Cowboys in 1989 for Walker, the running back Lynn considered the missing link to a Super Bowl run.
Walker never panned out in Minnesota, and Dallas used the riches of players and picks to lay the groundwork for three Super Bowl wins in the 1990s.
Known as a hard-nosed negotiator and one of the more colorful executives in Twin Cities sports history, Lynn rose through the Vikings' ranks under former owner Max Winter.
Lynn helped organize a front office that turned the Vikings into a consistent playoff contender that drafted and developed three Hall of Famers — Randall McDaniel, Chris Doleman and John Randle. Lynn also played a big role in drafting several future Pro Bowlers, including Joey Browner and Keith Millard, and claiming off waivers Cris Carter, a troublemaker in Philadelphia who blossomed into one of the best receivers of his era in Minnesota.
The Vikings won seven NFC Central Division titles and played in two Super Bowls while Lynn was general manager.
He also negotiated a deal with Winter that brought him 10% of the suite revenue from all Metrodome events over the life of the building, reaping a financial windfall for decades even after he left the team.
Lynn left the Vikings in 1990 to become president of World League of American Football, which folded after two seasons.
Born May 18, 1936, in Scranton, Pa., Lynn was raised in New Jersey and attended Pace University in New York. Before finishing college he moved to Memphis, Tenn., where he managed movie theaters and retail stores.
After an unsuccessful attempt to secure an expansion NFL team for Memphis, he was hired as a personal assistant to Winter in 1974.
William D. Pawley Jr.
First love of Elizabeth Taylor
William D. Pawley Jr., 92, a decorated World War II pilot often called actress Elizabeth Taylor's first true love, died July 10 in Florida, his family announced. The cause was not given.
Pawley, a resident of Pembroke Pines, Fla., was the son of the former U.S. ambassador to Brazil and Peru, William Pawley Sr.
He was born June 21, 1920, in Marietta, Ga., but was raised in a Miami Beach mansion by his wealthy parents. That's where the then-28-year-old Army Air Forces veteran began a relationship with the then-17-year-old actress. They met during a visit to Miami Beach by Taylor and her mother in early 1949.
Although Taylor had been linked to former football star Glenn Davis in a romance engineered by her mother and her film studio, her relationship with Pawley was genuine. But it didn't last.
The couple announced their engagement in June 1949, but by the fall she had returned the diamond ring he'd given her. Friends said Pawley expected Taylor to curtail her acting career once they wed. The next year she married Nicky Hilton in the first of her eight trips to the altar.
The romance was detailed in more than 60 love letters Taylor wrote to Pawley, which he kept for decades. They were auctioned shortly after her death last year.
"It took me a long time to get over it," Pawley said of their breakup in a 1997 interview with the Miami Herald.
He did not marry until 1974. His wife, Catherine, died in 2002.
Sylvia Woods
Founder of Harlem restaurant
Sylvia Woods, 86, founder of the famed Harlem soul food restaurant that carries her name and is a must-stop for locals, tourists, celebrities and politicians, died Thursday at her home in Mount Vernon, N.Y., her family said. She hadAlzheimer's disease.
Woods and her husband, Herbert, natives of South Carolina who met as children, started Sylvia's Restaurant in 1962. A Harlem fixture, the restaurant drew politicians on the campaign trail and tourists and locals eager for corn bread, ribs, collard greens, fried chicken and other staples of Southern cooking.
The Rev. Al Sharptonsaid Sylvia's was "more than a restaurant, it has been a meeting place for black America." He said he had dined there with many famous people, including President Obama and Caroline Kennedy.
From its start as a restaurant 50 years ago at Lenox Avenue near 127th Street, Sylvia's grew into an enterprise that included cookbooks and a nationwide line of food products.
Woods stepped down from running the restaurant when she was 80, leaving it in the hands of her children and grandchildren.
Herbert Woods died in 2001.
Frank 'Pancho' Martin
Hall of Fame thoroughbred trainer
Frank "Pancho" Martin, 86, a Hall of Fame thoroughbred trainer who oversaw 1973 Kentucky Derby and Preakness runner-up Sham, died at his home in Garden City, N.Y., on Wednesday18 after a brief illness, according to the New York Racing Assn.
Martin won 3,240 career races and had purse earnings of $47,586,039, according to Equibase. He was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1981.
Sham was the most famous horse Martin trained. The colt won the 1973 Santa Anita Derby, and then lost to Secretariat in the Kentucky Derby and Preakness. They were matched again in the Belmont Stakes, and Sham dueled with Secretariat around the first turn and into the backstretch before fading. Secretariat won by a record 31 lengths to become horse racing's ninth Triple Crown winner. Sham finished last, beaten by 451/4 lengths, and never raced again.
Martin was born in Cuba on Dec. 3, 1925, and grew up in Havana two blocks from Oriental Park Racetrack, where he began his career cooling out horses after their morning workouts.
He left Cuba in 1947 and moved to the United States in 1949, eventually settling in New York in 1951.
Martin also trained Autobiography, champion older horse in 1972 when he won the Jockey Club Gold Cup; and Outstandingly, champion 2-year-old filly in 1984, when she was awarded the win in the inaugural Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies via disqualification.
Times staff and wire reports


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Offshore oil and gas operators in the Gulf of Mexico, including Anadarko and Shell, have begun redeploying personnel to the Gulf of Mexico following Hurricane Nate.
Tropical depression Nate as of 8 October. Image from National Weather Service.
Nate formed as a tropical storm on Thursday morning (5 October), and made landfall as a Category 1 hurricane in Mississippi on Sunday (8 October). The storm has since been downgraded to a tropical depression.
Yesterday (8 October), Anadarko said the company had begun the process of safely redeploying personnel to its operated facilities following Hurricane Nate's passage through the GoM.
"We expect to resume production as quickly and safely as possible," the company said in a statement.
Also yesterday, supermajor Shell said it was in the process of returning personnel to its Mars, Olympus, Ursa and Ram Powell production hubs.
"Production operations will resume once we can verify the integrity of our assets for safe operation, and the associated pipelines and downstream gas plants are back on line to accept product," Shell said.
Based on data Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) received from offshore operator reports as of today (9 October) 11:30 a.m. CST, it is estimated that approximately 85.09% of the current oil production in the Gulf of Mexico has been shut-in, which equates to nearly 1.5 MMb/d. It is also estimated that approximately 64.78% of the natural gas production, or 2 MMcf/d in the Gulf of Mexico has been shut-in.
Personnel remain evacuated from eight drilling rigs (non-dynamically positioned (DP) rigs), equivalent to 40% of the 20 rigs of this type currently operating in the Gulf.
Seven DP rigs are still off location out of the hurricane's path as a precaution. This number represents 38.9% of the 18 DP rigs currently operating in the Gulf.
Of those operators that evacuated last week, supermajor BP said that it is closely monitoring the storm to safely ensure its personnel and operations in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico.
"With forecasts indicating the system likely to strengthen as it moves to the north, we are now taking additional steps to respond. BP has begun securing offshore facilities and evacuating non-essential personnel from the Thunder Horse and Na Kika platforms and the West Vela drilling rig in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico. Safety is our top priority and we will continue to monitor weather conditions closely to determine next steps," BP said in a statement yesterday (4 October).
Shell is said on 4 October that the company is also monitoring the Tropical Storm Nate.
"As a precautionary measure, we are minimizing the number of people working offshore at our assets in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico and are taking steps to safely secure our facilities in preparation for potentially severe weather. There are currently no impacts to our production or drilling operations," Shell said in a statement last week.

subset: commoncrawl


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Mary Mannan May, Age 88
Mary Mannan May, 88, of North Vernon, formerly of Bloomington and Spencer, passed away Monday, April 18, 2011 at IU Health-Bloomington Hospital. She was born in Quincy, Indiana on May 2, 1922 to Frank and Helen June (Blake) Mannan. Mary was a 1940 graduate of Quincy High School. She was the Women's Athletic Equipment Coordinator at Indiana University for many years, retiring in 1986. Ms. May was a member of the Mt. Olivet Christian Church in Owen County. She loved her family, I.U. sports, sewing for her family and doing crafts of all kinds.
Mary is survived by her children, Darlene Chumley of Bargersville, Elaine (Mike) Stevenson of Springville, Robbie (Kathy) May of Jasonville, Darrel (Marti) May of St. Louis, Missouri and Janelle (Bruce) DeLapp of Maricopa, Arizona; a sister, Margaret Terry of Monrovia; 19 grandchildren; 31 great-grandchildren; six great-great-grandchildren; and her extended family of women athletes.
She was preceded in death by a brother, Truman Mannan; and a sister, Jane Heckman.
Funeral services will be held at 1:30 p.m., Thursday, April 21, 2011 at West & Parrish & Pedigo Funeral Home in Spencer. Rev. Jim Kelly will officiate. Burial will follow at Chambersville Cemetery. Friends may call Wednesday, 4:00-8:00 p.m., and one hour prior to the service on Thursday.
Online condolences may be made to the family at: www.westparrishpedigo.com.
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Electronic reproduction of any kind forbidden without written consent.


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Your objective is to grow by absorbing other motes. Propel yourself by ejecting matter behind you. But be wise: ejecting matter also shrinks you. Relax good things come to those who wait.
Progress from serenely ambient levels into varied and more challenging worlds. Confront attractors, repulsors and intelligent motes with similar abilities and goals as you.


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Two formerly conjoined toddlers from the Dominican Republic have left a Richmond hospital after recovering from separation surgery, and doctors predict they'll be ready to go home by Christmas.
Maria and Teresa Tapia left Children's Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth University on Friday. At a news conference before their departure, the girls clapped and waved and one kissed the lead doctor on their surgical team, Dr. David Lanning.
"I thank God and everyone who made this possible," the girls' mother, Lisandra Sanatis, said through a translator.
The 20-month-old twins were attached at the lower chest and underwent complicated, nearly daylong surgery on Nov. 7. In a series of procedures, the surgical team divided the twins' liver, pancreas and other shared organ systems and reconstructed their abdominal walls.
While they're getting accustomed to exploring their surroundings separately, they still stay near each other and hold hands when they walk.
Lanning said Friday that both children have been recovering well, and doctors don't expect them to require any long-term medical treatment, except possible minor surgery to construct belly buttons.
"Overall, I don't think we could have asked for a better outcome," he said at Friday's news conference.
They'll lead healthy, long lives, with the ability to "be together but make independent decisions."
Maria, the smaller of the two, weighs about 19 pounds, and Teresa weighs about 26 pounds. Lanning expects the disparity in their weight, caused by the configuration of their small intestines and blood flow from the liver, to gradually even out.
Maria's pancreas is slow to produce digestive enzymes, but she is taking replacement enzymes, and doctors are monitoring her colon function. Teresa is undergoing treatment on the incision where the girls were separated, Lanning said.
Doctors, nurses, volunteers and others who cared for them gave the girls and their mother and aunt a warm send-off from the hospital Friday afternoon. Lanning pushed a new double stroller to the van that took the family to a nearby residence for patients and their families.
The girls will stay in Richmond for follow-up medical visits and outpatient therapy to continue working on walking and other motor skills now that they're no longer attached. Lanning said they're on track to return to their native country by Christmas.
After being in Richmond for several months now, Sanatis said she and her daughters have grown fond of everyone they've met. But they're more than ready to go home and reunite with the twins' father and three other siblings.
The twins have become celebrities in the Dominican Republic, with supporters including the country's first lady, Margarita Cedeno de Fernandez, who visited Richmond on the day of the surgery.
The World Pediatric Project, a nonprofit surgical-care provider for children in Central America and the Caribbean, sponsored the toddlers' medical care, along with the family's stay in the United States. Lanning has been a surgical volunteer with the group for several years.
About a half-dozen separation surgeries are done in the U.S. annually, and maybe double that number worldwide.
Conjoined twins account for between 1 in 50,000 and 1 in 100,000 live births worldwide. The condition is three times more likely to occur among females than males. A third of conjoined twins are attached at the lower chest, as in the case of the Tapia twins.
Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU: http://www.childrenshosp-richmond.org/CMS/index.php
World Pediatric Project: http://www.worldpediatricproject.org/
Zinie Chen Sampson can be reached on Twitter at http://www.twitter.com/zinie


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Philadelphia Information Locator Service
Agency Information
Zoning Board of Adjustment[Record group 166]
Agency Function
- The function of the Board is to hear and decide upon appeals for exceptions to zoning ordinance provisions and to authorize such variances if not contrary to the public interest.
- Agency History
- The Board was created by an ordinance of August 10, 1933, and composed of five mayoral appointees. Upon the adoption of the City Charter of 1951 the Board was made a departmental board of the Department of Licenses and Inspections, and the Department's Commissioner was added to it.
- Archival Records
- 166.1 Annual Report (1948)
- Current Records
- Unavailable
Links to related information...
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---->Current Agency Information Sheet. (Graphical version of this page)
Send your comments to firstname.lastname@example.com
Last updated on July 9, 1999


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Peter Pan, Red Balloons & More
Kids know how to party! Check out the latest festive celebrations from the Apartment Therapy's Family channel, which posts kids' parties every day. We'll be bringing you a roundup of these inspiring parties every week.
- Charlotte's Peter Pan Party
- Kieran's Spring Party
- Bodhi's Little Mustache Man Party
- Matilda's Red Balloon Party
- Little Pilot's Lawn Mower Party


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Artists: Karl Berringer
252 Tattoo
11721 Bellaire Rd.
Cleveland, OH 44111
Web: 252tattoo.com
Instagram: instagram.com/kbtat2
What year did you start tattooing?
I was probably 13 or so when I found out about the hand poke method of tattooing, so I started doing those on my friends. I later graduated to a homemade. In hindsight, I realize I was doing everything wrong, but at the time, being young and uneducated about it, I thought it was great. Fast-forward to 1998, Justin Wright was tattooing the right way in a shop. The shop he was at needed another artist, so he suggested me and the rest is history.
How would you describe your style?
I guess it might fall into the category of color realism. Working so many years in a walk-in street shop made me a lot more versatile than if I'd started off in a custom shop, because you never knew what was going to walk in the door. On a typical day I might have done some old Cherry Creek flash followed by lettering and a custom drawn piece. As much as it annoyed me at the time, I think it gave me a strong technical foundation and the ability to be versatile. Today my favorite type of tattoos to do would definitely be horror-themed, followed by any type of color realism.
I think your black-and-gray work is pretty good. But I do not see many black-and-gray tattoos coming from you. Is there a reason for that?
I really like doing black-and-gray work but most people don't ask for that from me. It's like a vicious circle. They don't see me doing it so they don't ask me to do it. Overall, I think color tattoos are more difficult simply for the fact that you have to think more about your color choices and how they work with each other.
Do you practice any other medium besides tattoo art?
I do draw and paint as well. I recently started oil painting and it's been very humbling. It definitely seems to require a different way of thinking. I'm used to tattooing, which to me is like painting with paint that dries immediately, and the super long drying times of oils are tough for me to get used to. I've painted with acrylics in the past and they seemed a little easier for me to use.
Whenever you are searching for a new idea, where do you find inspiration?
There's inspiration to be found everywhere if you can slow down and see it. I'm always so busy rushing to get here or there that I miss out on things. There are so many artists out there that inspire me to push harder through their work ethics as well as their skills, like Cecil Porter, Dave Tevenal, and Victor Chil.
Do you have any hobbies or any other talents?
Well, when I'm not working or taking care of my son, Evan, I love motorcycles. I recently redid mine and love going out riding when it's warm enough, but being in northeast Ohio, that's not very much. I've always been mechanically inclined and even went
to college for a while with the major of mechanical engineering.
How many conventions do you work?
I usually only get to do about three to four shows a year because of my son, but I'd love to do more. They're always a good time. I think my favorites to work at so far have been TattooLaPalooza in Miami and the newer NEPA Tattoo Arts Fest that Ron Russo started putting together. Hell City is always great, but I still haven't worked at one.


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By Ebong Udoma
STAMFORD, Connecticut (Reuters) - An antique gun show went ahead as planned on Saturday 40 miles from the site of the December 14 mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School, even as other gun shows gave in to pressure to cancel after the tragedy.
The two-day East Coast Fine Arms show at a Stamford hotel, the first in Connecticut since a gunman killed 20 children and six adults at the school, drew several hundred people, some of whom were disappointed that more modern weaponry was not available.
"It's neat, it's different but it's not what I expected," said Sue McCrery of Southington, a town that borders Newtown. "I mean the bad guys can have them (modern weapons) and I think it's our right to be able to own them too."
Other gun shows canceled, include one this weekend in Danbury, about 12 miles from Newtown, promoter Big Al's Silver Bullet Productions announced on its website. Two shows in New York state - February 23-24 in Poughkeepsie and March 2-3 in Suffern - were also canceled, the website site.
In nearby Waterbury, Police Superintendent Michael Gugliotto imposed a moratorium on gun shows the day after the Sandy Hook killings, saying a gun used in a future mass shooting could be traced to a purchase made at a gun show in his city.
Westchester Collectors Inc had planned a firearm and knife show for Waterbury on January 12 and 13. Show organizer Newman Chitenden said canceling the show would not improve security.
Stamford's Republican mayor, Michael Pavia, had asked organizers of the Stamford show to reconsider having the event "in light of the recent tragic events in Newtown."
"As a community, we are sensitive to the emotions and feelings of all of those who have suffered losses and are still grieving. Holding such an event - at this time, and in such close proximity to the Newtown, seems untimely and insensitive," Pavia said.
But organizers went ahead, emphasizing that theirs was an antiques event, where the weapons are less deadly and sometimes just for show. The shooter in Newtown used a military-style semi-automatic assault rifle to kill first-graders aged 6 and 7 and school staff.
"This show is primarily a collectors show, most of us here have strictly antiques," said Dave Kleiner, an antique weapons dealer from Orrtanna, Pennsylvania. "Closing the gun show? How is that going to help anyone that was hurt in that episode?"
Gun shows - akin to a fair, where guns are on sale outside the normal confines of a gun shop - have come under scrutiny for so-called loopholes that sometimes allow sales without subjecting purchasers to a background check.
Henry Wong, who was attending the Stamford show from Long Island, New York, said he frequents antique gun shows because he sees the weapons as historical artifacts.
"I don't shoot at all," Wong said. "To me owning a gun is like owning a hammer."
A handful of protesters passed out handbills that called the gun show insensitive.
"After what happened only 40 miles from here there has to be changes to laws and stricter gun control in order to keep everyone safe," said one of the protesters, Stamford resident Robin Wexler, a member of the group Moms Against Guns.
(Editing by Daniel Trotta and Mohammad Zargham)


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DS-5 accelerates Linux and Android™ native code development by providing a powerful and intuitive development environment, including source editing, compilation, debug and performance analysis tools.
DS-5 is now available in two packages:
The DS-5 device configuration database contains implementation details for supported ARM processor-based ASSPs, including JTAG interface, resets, peripheral registers and trace architecture. The current list of supported platforms includes Atmel, Freescale, Marvell, NXP, ST, and TI catalog devices. All the user needs to do is select the target device from a pull-down list and connect to it. More devices will be added in future DS-5 releases.
DS-5 speeds up platform bring-up by providing access to coprocessor registers and enabling the use of hardware breakpoints and data access watchpoints. DS-5 also supports instruction trace to simplify the debug of timing-related software bugs and analyse performance-critical code.
When debugging kernel-space code, DS-5 provides information on kernel threads, processes and loadable modules. This is complemented by the display of memory-mapped peripheral registers as they appear in the ASSP's documentation, which removes the need to continuously check device datasheets when doing driver development.
For DS-5 Application Edition users this release adds new functionality in the Streamline Performance Analyzer:
DS-5 v5.3 is available now for Windows and Linux host platforms, and can be evaluated for 30 days free of charge by downloading it from http://www.arm.com/ds5
About ARM
ARM designs the technology that lies at the heart of advanced digital products, from wireless, networking and consumer entertainment solutions to imaging, automotive, security and storage devices. ARM's comprehensive product offering includes 32-bit RISC microprocessors, graphics processors, video engines, enabling software, cell libraries, embedded memories, high-speed connectivity products, peripherals and development tools. Combined with comprehensive design services, training, support and maintenance, and the company's broad Partner community, they provide a total system solution that offers a fast, reliable path to market for leading electronics companies.
Find out more about ARM by following these links:
ARM is a registered trademark of ARM Limited. Cortex and DesignStart are trademarks of ARM Limited. All other brands or product names are the property of their respective holders. "ARM" is used to represent ARM Holdings plc; its operating company ARM Limited; and the regional subsidiaries ARM Inc.; ARM KK; ARM Korea Limited.; ARM Taiwan Limited; ARM France SAS; ARM Consulting (Shanghai) Co. Ltd.; ARM Germany GmbH; ARM Embedded Technologies Pvt. Ltd.; ARM Norway, AS and ARM Sweden AB
PR Contacts:
Alan Tringham Trina Watt
+44 1223 400947 +44 1223 400835
email@example.com email@example.com


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Skip to comments.First LNG-Fueled Hydraulic Fracturing Completed in Eagle Ford Play
Posted on 12/12/2012 6:53:16 AM PST by thackney
The liquefied natural gas (LNG) division of Calgary-based Ferus LP successfully completed in October what the company believes to be the first-ever hydraulic fracturing operation utilizing liquefied natural gas (LNG) as engine fuel in North America.
Ferus' LNG Division was engaged by a major oil and gas service company in the United States to conduct the pilot project, which involved six dual-fuel 2,250 horsepower pressure pumper units, powered by LNG, to stimulate well performance in the south Texas Eagle Ford shale.
The dual fuel systems allow for natural gas and diesel to be consumed simultaneously with no decrease in performance, Jed Tallman, manager of market development for Ferus LNG, told Rigzone. Approximately 10,000 gallons of LNG was used in the pilot project, which took place in the southwestern portion of the Eagle Ford play.
While the company cannot discuss the plans of the operator involved in the pilot project, Ferus LNG has been contacted by numerous operators and service companies regarding LNG as a low-cost, environmentally superior alternative fuel, Tallman said. The increase in interest by operators and service companies in using LNG for hydraulic fracturing has been dramatic.
"Because of the large amounts of diesel consumed in fracturing fleets, the use of LNG as an alternative fuel will result in cost savings for the operator or service company, not to mention a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions," Tallman commented.
"LNG offers significant environmental and cost-saving advantages and is quickly becoming the alternative fuel of choice for heavy-duty high horsepower on-road and off-road applications in North America," said Ferus President and CEO Dick Brown in a Nov. 28 statement. "We were very pleased to play such a critical role in this ground-breaking project, and we intend to be at the forefront of this growing industry as more and more diesel consumers make the switch to North America's abundant supply of natural gas."
It is difficult to estimate the specific size of the market for LNG in hydraulic fracturing and in other areas such as railroad transportation and trucking moving forward, Tallman commented.
"But given the economic benefits, improved emissions profile, and increased gas production, we feel that LNG will make up a considerably larger percentage of our domestic energy consumption in the future."
While the use of LNG for hydraulic fracturing is not being specifically done to alleviate criticism of hydraulic fracturing, the improved emissions profile of natural gas certainly is a benefit, Tallman said.
To complete this project, which marks a significant milestone in the adoption of natural gas as an alternative engine fuel, Ferus managed the entire supply chain on behalf of its client including LNG supply, transportation, and on-site storage and vaporization using specialized equipment and highly-trained personnel.
In addition to being a cleaner-burning and less expensive fuel alternative, LNG is non-toxic, non-combustible, non-flammable as a liquid, and dissipates into the atmosphere in the event of a leak or a spill, making it safer than diesel and gasoline, the company said in a statement.
The use of LNG requires specialized fuel handling equipment and additional training for individuals involved in the LNG supply chain.
"As a leading provider of cryogenic liquids for the energy sector, Ferus is uniquely qualified for the undertaking," Tallman said.
The increased use of natural gas to fuel not only hydraulic fracturing but transportation has grown thanks to the abundance of shale gas in the United States.
The use of natural gas over diesel is becoming more widespread, likely due to the cost benefits associated with fuel switching, according to a Nov. 28 analyst report from GHS Research. GHS referenced Baker Hughes' Nov. 26 announcement that it would convert a fleet of its Rhino hydraulic fracturing units to bifuel pumps as a way to improve operational efficiency, lower costs and reduce health, safety and environment impacts. Bifuel is a mix of gas and diesel.
The new pumps use a mixture of gas and diesel, reducing diesel use by up to 65 percent with no loss of hydraulic horsepower. The converted fleet, which meets all U.S. Environmental Protection Agency emissions standards, can also reduce a number of emissions including nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide and particulate matter.
Baker Hughes first converted a small fleet of its units in Canada; the success Baker Hughes saw with this endeavor prompted to company to convert an entire fleet in the United States. The company is converting several more fleets of Rhino trucks to Rhino Bifuel equipment. Baker Hughes also has a test program in Oklahoma, where a number of light-duty vehicles have been converted to natural gas.
Westport Innovations, which manufactures natural gas-powered truck engines, recently reported it is building a railroad locomotive engine that can run on LNG. During 2012, the company saw "broad consensus" for the first time that natural gas will take material market share in every global transportation market within the next five years, said David Demers, chief executive officer for Westport, during the company's third quarter 2012 earnings update Nov. 8.
Demers noted that consensus suggests that the company will see 7 percent to 15 percent of the North American trucking industry run on natural gas in 2017.
Westport Innovations will also introduce new natural gas-powered versions of the Ford F-450 and F-550 Super Duty trucks in mid-2013, the company said in a Dec. 3 statement.
"Although current demand for natural gas used in vehicles is minor relative to the demand associated with power generation, industry and residential heating, it is catching on and may soon reach a tipping a point where growth rapidly accelerates, with or without government intervention," GHS reported.
LNG and diesel were used to fuel the pumps that pressurized the Water/Sand/Chemical mixture that was pumped downhole.
CAT also has a partnership with WPRT.
- I wonder if these pumping engines used CAT engines with WPRT fuel systems?
Thanks for that. Looks like Ferus wasn't first.
- - - - - -
Separately this week, Houston-based Baker Hughes (NYSE:BHI) said that its Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations subsidiary has converted a fleet of its Rhino brand hydraulic fracturing units to bifuel (dual fuel) pumps, and that it recently completed a hydraulic fracturing job in the Eagle Ford Shale for Cheyenne Petroleum.
Pierce Dehring of Baker Hughes outlined a QSK50 conversion program at late Septembers BBP Summit in Houston.
Baker Hughes had by then converted four units in Canada using two different conversion systems, and ten units in the U.S. with ComAp kits, which according to Dehring were fully commissioned and job ready. A job was to commence in early October, he said.
Dehring said that a typical South Texas fracking operation could consume 6,000 gallons of diesel per day, with each engine consuming as much as 110 gallons of diesel per hour. The dual fuel conversions easily displaced 60% of the diesel with LNG. Baker Hughes cited 65% displacement at the Eagle Ford shale in its release this week.
"Note: LNG was not pumped as the fluid used underground to create the cracks."
That was what I first thought when I read the headline. I didn't figure it out until about the third paragraph, then it all made sense.
Thackney, one reason I love your posts: My neice's husband sells drilling mud and other drilling materials to the operators down in Eagle Ford. Great guy. Your posts allow me to have a halfway intelligent conversation with him. He says there is another play in strata even deeper in Eagle Ford, but the technology to tap into it on a commerical scale isn't there yet.
I would suspect economics mostly. But technology advance bring unreachable economics closer to grasp. Just as a decade or so ago did for Eagle Ford, Bakken and others.
Colby Williford is vice president of land with Momentum Oil & Gas in Houston, a company focused on geologic formations that run deeper than the Eagle Ford, including the Edwards Limestone, Glen Rose Limestone and Pearsall Formation.
He said the leasing for those formations involved blocks of land already leased for Eagle Ford production.
"Everybody was leased. You couldn't just look at the courthouse and find the landowner that wasn't leased. We looked for deep rights that had expired," Williford said. "There's multiple ways for deep rights to drop off and other rights to come open."
That's interesting. Whoever owns the lease on the current strata probably also got the lease for the deeper strata. As an attorney, I should have considered that angle. So when the top strata plays out, the drilling companies can just go deeper without having to haggle over the rights.
Question: could they use the current well shafts and just drill them deeper, or would they have to drill an entirely new shaft?
And guess who controls these leases? Obama. He's going to use this "carrot" to reward his cronies. Big money, big oil is on the horizon in the US.
On an older lease almost certainly. Newer leases are more likely to be depth or even field limited. We have done that ourselves.
Question: could they use the current well shafts and just drill them deeper, or would they have to drill an entirely new shaft?
While it is technically feasible to put multi-laterals with perforations at different fields at different levels, it introduces complications not likely worth the savings in trying to produce oil from separate fields in the same well bore.
More likely would be a separate well that allows measurement and the like from each individual field, but put in the same area to share surface equipment and lower maintenance costs.
We do that on the Alaskan North Slope. Add a well 25~40 feet away with separate valving and ability to measure individually the production flow from each field. Then manifold the output together for separation, treatment and shipping of the oil.
Reservoir management can be an art-form to do it very well. Taking the chance of stranding oil or not maximizing production rates can be far more costly than the price of drilling a second well.
Westport Innovations, (WPRT), bought 200 shares a month ago.
No. The Eagle-Ford field is in Texas, with a bit crossing into Mexico. The Texas portion is almost entirely private land leases. Lots of big acreage ranches through this area.
Westport Innovations, (WPRT), bought 200 shares a month ago.
Thanks. Didn't realize the lands are private.
The main reason the production from places like the Bakken and Eagle Ford are fast climbing is they are mostly private lands.
Makes sense.
I understand that the infrastructure isn't in place to build the engines, but perhaps the five year window will make it a reality. ?
Lots of federal land in the Bakken area, BLM land, national grasslands and of course T Roosevelt National Park.
Last I heard, and this was within the past year, there was ONE drilling rig on federal ground.
That was just something I picked up in a business meeting, maybe outdated scuttlebutt by now, but the point remains that virtually nothing is taking place on federal land.
Analysts at NASDAQ are bullish and put the price at $38 within a year. Thanks for the tip.
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G6462, Reviewed June 2014
Proper watering and fertilization are essential for producing tomatoes in a high tunnel. High tunnels keep out natural rainfall, so timely irrigation is necessary. Additionally, growers must consider the special needs of high tunnel soil to ensure availability of appropriate levels of nutrients.
A high tunnel is a low-cost, solar-heated greenhouse that can extend the growing season of vegetables such as tomatoes.
Drip irrigation is the most efficient method of delivering water and nutrients to high-tunnel tomatoes. Plants are watered slowly through a small, ¾-inch-diameter collapsible tube without wetting the foliage. Drip tape, usually 8 to 10 millimeters thick, is buried 1 to 2 inches deep. Dripper or emitter spacing is typically 4 to 12 inches. Tomatoes require a single drip line per row, offset about 2 inches from the plant. Flow rates of drip tapes vary. Most growers choose a medium-flow tape, which delivers half a gallon per minute (gpm) per 100 feet. High-flow tape, which delivers 0.8 to 1.0 gpm, is useful for preventing clogging and reducing irrigation time (Table 1).
Another distinct advantage of drip irrigation is the capacity to inject water-soluble nutrients through the irrigation system, a technique called fertigation. This technique allows nutrients and water to be applied as the crop grows, rather than all of the nutrients being applied at once, either during or before planting (Figure 1). Fertigation saves both water and fertilizer.
Table 1
Irrigation hours per week required to apply 68 ounces of water per tomato plant per day based on varying plant populations and drip tube flow rates.
Because tomatoes are more than 90 percent water, yield and quality suffer when plants suffer under drought conditions. Inadequately watered tomatoes develop fewer flowers per truss, produce less fruit and often contract blossom-end rot.
Critical growth periods for adequate watering of tomatoes are during flowering, fruit set and fruit development. Flowers begin to appear on tomato plants about four weeks after transplanting. Determinate tomato varieties have a concentrated period of flowering, whereas indeterminate tomatoes flower continuously during the growing season. Tomato plants begin developing fruit about six weeks after transplanting, and adequate watering is necessary for the fruit to develop and grow to a proper size. An average of 2 to 21/2 quarts of water per plant per day will be needed as the fruit continues to grow (Figure 1). This comes out to more than 1,000 gallons of water per week for a high tunnel containing 300 tomato plants.
Figure 1
Water requirements of high tunnel tomatoes.
Many water-soluble fertilizers can be used for tomatoes. However, large quantities of phosphorus and potassium generally should not be applied through the drip irrigation system. Rather, the soil should be tested before the crop is planted, preferably in the fall, and all of the phosphorus and most of the potassium can be applied before planting or between cropping cycles within the high tunnel. The decision to apply additional phosphorus and potassium via drip irrigation should be based on tissue test results.
Nitrogen is used by tomato plants for vine growth. Tomato plants low in nitrogen appear stunted and spindly with a yellowish cast to the leaves. Too much nitrogen creates excessive vine growth, twisted foliage, delayed flowering and lower yield. About 40 to 50 percent of the total seasonal nitrogen can be applied at planting, and the remaining balance can be applied through the drip system over the course of the growing season. Many organic sources of nitrogen, such as alfalfa and soybean meal, and compost, can be mixed with the soil before planting.
For each 1 percent of organic matter in the soil, there can be as much as 20 pounds per acre of nitrogen released on an annual basis. If soil organic matter content is greater than 3 percent, no nitrogen is necessary before planting. However, if soil organic matter is less than 3 percent and no organic residues have been added to the soil, 1 to 1.5 pounds of actual nitrogen per 1,000 square feet can be applied before transplanting tomatoes in the high tunnel.
Fertigation of nitrogen can be applied based on the volume of water applied by irrigation or based on area. Most tomato roots will be concentrated in a 24- to 30-inch-wide section of the bed or row. Multiply the root zone width by the length of each row and the total number of rows to determine the effective bed width. Additional nitrogen can be applied through the drip irrigation system at a rate of 8 to 10 pounds per acre per week, or 2.9 to 3.7 ounces per 1,000 square feet per week (Table 2). Foliar feeding of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is not as effective as soil application for these major nutrients. Nitrogen fertilizer is available as nitrate or ammonium. Tomatoes respond favorably to nitrate nitrogen, which is readily available to the plant and typically has low salt relative to ammonium fertilizers, such as ammonium nitrate and urea. Choose low-salt nitrogen fertilizers because salt levels can accumulate in high-tunnel soil. Many commercial high-tunnel tomato growers choose to fertilize with calcium nitrate and alternate weekly with a high-potassium fertilizer (4-18-38), particularly during ripening. Calcium reduces the incidence of blossom-end rot, and some indicators suggest potassium might improve fruit quality.
Conduct tissue testing to determine whether tomato nutrient levels are sufficient. Randomly select 10 to 12 plants per house beginning at flowering or early fruit set. For determinate tomatoes, such as Mountain Fresh Plus, break the fifth or sixth limb from the top of the plant and place the entire limb in a brown paper bag. For indeterminate tomatoes, such as Trust, choose a leaf above a fruit that is about 2 inches in diameter. Dry the sample before sending it to a laboratory for analysis. Compare results with recommended levels of each nutrient (Table 3).
Table 2
Amount of water-soluble fertilizers used to fertigate producing high tunnel tomatoes.
Table 3
Recommended levels of nutrients for high tunnel tomatoes.
Order publications online at http://extension.missouri.edu/explore/shop/ or call toll-free 800-292-0969.


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Summary: Will Holcomb (Applicant) has applied to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) for an incidental take permit pursuant to Section 10(a) of the Endangered Species Act (Act). The Applicant has been assigned permit number TE-041785-0. The requested permit, which is for a period of 5 years, would authorize the incidental take of the endangered Houston toad (Bufo houstonensis). The proposed take would occur as a result of the construction and occupation of one single-family residence on approximately 0.5 acres of the 19.023-acre property on Turkey Run Road, Bastrop County, Texas.
The Service has prepared the Environmental Assessment/Habitat Conservation Plan (EA/HCP) for the incidental take application. A determination of jeopardy to the species or a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) will not be made until at least 30 days from the date of publication of this notice. This notice is provided pursuant to Section 10(c) of the Act and National Environmental Policy Act regulations (40 CFR 1506.6).
Dates: Written comments on the application should be received by July 6, 2001.
Addresses: Persons wishing to review the application may obtain a copy by writing to the Regional Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 1306, Room 4102, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87103. Persons wishing to review the EA/HCP may obtain a copy by contacting Clayton Napier, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 10711 Burnet Road, Suite 200, Austin, Texas, 78758 (512/490-0057). Documents will be available for public inspection by written request, by appointment only, during normal business hours (8:00 to 4:30) at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Austin, Texas. Written data or comments concerning the application and EA/HCP should be submitted to the Supervisor, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Austin, Texas, at the above address. Please refer to permit number Start Printed Page 30479TE-041785-0 when submitting comments.Start Further Info
Clayton Napier at the above U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Austin Office.End Further Info End Preamble Start Supplemental Information
Section 9 of the Act prohibits the "taking" of endangered species such as the Houston toad. However, the Service, under limited circumstances, may issue permits to take endangered wildlife species incidental to, and not the purpose of, otherwise lawful activities. Regulations governing permits for endangered species are at 50 CFR 17.22.
Applicant: Will Holcomb plans to construct a single-family residence on approximately 0.5 acres of the 19.023-acre property on Turkey Run Road, Bastrop County, Texas. This action will eliminate 0.5 acres or less of Houston toad habitat and result in indirect impacts within the property. The Applicant proposes to compensate for this incidental take of the Houston toad by providing $1,000.00 to the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation for the specific purpose of land acquisition and management within Houston toad habitat, as identified by the Service.Start Signature
Geoffrey L. Haskett,
Acting Regional Director, Region 2, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
[FR Doc. 01-14185 Filed 6-5-01; 8:45 am]


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Difference between revisions of "Talk:Software RAID and LVM"
(moved from Talk:Installing with Software RAID or LVM, the article has been moved with manual redirects)
|Line 1:
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This article is an updated version of the [[Installing with Software RAID or LVM]] article. That page has been redirected to this page. The most recent revision of the old article can be found [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Installing_with_Software_RAID_or_LVM&oldid=154628 here].
This article is an updated version of the [[Installing with Software RAID or LVM]] article. That page has been redirected to this page. The most recent revision of the old article can be found [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Installing_with_Software_RAID_or_LVM&oldid=154628 here].
== Performance of Swap Array ==
== Performance of Swap Array ==
Revision as of 20:18, 10 October 2011
This article is an updated version of the Installing with Software RAID or LVM article. That page has been redirected to this page. The most recent revision of the old article can be found here.
- 1 Big fat raid5 warning
- 2 Performance of Swap Array
- 3 bug in /etc/rc.sysinit??
- 4 What about root on LVM ?
- 5 Lousy guide
- 6 rebuild from chroot to avoid getting dropped to ramfs after grub install
- 7 The "mdadm" approach doesn't work well with raid0
- 8 Migrating from PATA w/o RAID to SATA with Software RAID (mdadm)
- 9 "archive your partition scheme"
- 10 Fixed mdadm --scan calls.
- 11 Transform and Update Article - 2011
- 12 Create sysfs partition
- 13 Kernel parameters
- 14 Install Grub with pre-2009 ISOs
- 15 Installation image
Big fat raid5 warning
I have added this. If anyone disagrees, please discuss it here. Thanks.
-- Voidzero 16:18, 10 October 2011 (EDT)
Performance of Swap Array
It was pointed out here: http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?p=121424#121495 that software RAIDing your swap is not useful, and even slows performance.
- I added a title to the above comment by Jstech on 1 November 2005. Although, the above link is broken, it is supported by the Gentoo Wiki article. This is a reminder to make a note of it in the article. ~ Filam 22:09, 29 August 2011 (EDT)
bug in /etc/rc.sysinit??
I think there is a problem with /etc/rc.sysinit as it not loads the module for the device mapper. This is lvm specific. I just modified the file like this:
if [ "$USELVM" = "yes" -o "$USELVM" = "YES" ]; then if [ -f /etc/lvmtab -a -x /sbin/vgchange ]; then
# Kernel 2.4.x, LVM1 groups stat_busy "Activating LVM1 groups" /sbin/vgchange -a y stat_done elif [ -x /sbin/lvm -a -d /sys/block ]; then # Kernel 2.6.x, LVM2 groups stat_busy "Activating LVM2 groups" /sbin/modprobe dm_mod # <<-----Here is my change /sbin/lvm vgscan --ignorelockingfailure /sbin/lvm vgchange --ignorelockingfailure -a y stat_done fi
i use the standard arch kernel
What about root on LVM ?
I can't figure out how to make it... mkinitrd variable LVM_ROOT= what to set here?? i am using grub and partition is like this:
/dev/sda1 ext2 /boot /dev/sda2 LVM vg_name: linux lv_name: system / ext3 home /home ext3 swap none sw
I've tryed LVM_ROOT=/dev/linux/system, grub kernel ... root=/dev/mapper/linux-system or root=/dev/linux/system i have USELVM=YES and in initrd LVM is enabled...
lvm partitions was made with lvm2 - but i can activate and mount them manually where am i wrong??? - still blocked in bussybox with err - can't mount root - or so... or can't switch [don't remember] - lvm partitions are disabled - i have to enable and mount them manually
--Suw 06:24, 8 April 2006 (EDT)
- The topic of how to stack LVM and RAID is covered in What is better LVM on RAID or RAID on LVM? on Server Fault. I added a link to the resource section earlier today. ~ Filam 22:12, 29 August 2011 (EDT)
Lousy guide
This has to be the worst, most crappy designed guide i have seen in all of my time with OpenSource, restructure this thing, and strip the old stuff for 7.1, it is VERY outdated. I must say that i would feel more confident just jumping head on out into raid on my own, than following this guid, get som structure in it. --Kbutcher5 13:23, 4 May 2007
- I did an install today and used this guide as a guideline, next to my common sense and other documentation on the mighty internet. Looking at this guide from an abstract point of view one will find that the principles are still the same. Going into basic details, you'll also get the gist. But several specifics are inaccurate and the overall structure could be improved. The guidance goes flaky once you get to the "Install and Configure Arch" part and beyond. Because it is so outdated.
- That's where I had to use outside sources and apply my own knowhow to get the system running.
- Perhaps i'll edit some bits here and there to patch it up a little. I have a general idea of what I did to get it right. And i'll enter a new GRUB example, because the kernel with the mdadm hook can detect arrays, or get it right by reading /etc/mdadm.conf. --Ultraman 2:47, 3 May 2009 (CEST)
- I added a signature to Kbutcher5's original comment and formatted Ultraman's post to reflect the fact that it was a response to Kbutcher5. More importantly, I wanted to note that it is important to contribute to the article. If we don't contribute it will remain outdated. Even if you don't have time to make numerous edits, at least leave a link to a better tutorial or guide in the Additional Resources setion. ~ Filam 22:22, 29 August 2011 (EDT)
rebuild from chroot to avoid getting dropped to ramfs after grub install
for some reason the initcpio was not giving me my raid volumes after i tried to boot into the new system as instructed by the article. this problem went away after i used the install cd to boot, loaded raid1, raid5, and dm_mod modules manually, assembled arrays, activated the volume group, mounted the partitions, chrooted into the new system and rebuilt kernel26 (and therefore the initcpio). notably, i needed to mount /sys in addition to /proc and /dev prior to chrooting in order to get this to work. i only mention this because it seems like this article and several others omit /sys as a source of device files when instructing users to chroot. assuming that grub desires some access to devices when installing, i am wondering why only /proc and /dev are sufficient in the example outlined in the article but not in my case?
NB- in the course of my troubleshooting i added definition of the raid1 array on which my / is located to the kernel line in menu.lst and i can say that this alone is insufficient to confer bootability to the installation as defined in the article. i have not tried my configuration without this (it shouldn't be necessary with the mdadm hook in mkinitcpio.conf)
--Poopship21 21:24, 28 June 2009 (EDT)
The "mdadm" approach doesn't work well with raid0
Note that loading the "mdadm" hook doesn't always work with raid0. I've found out the hard way that this wiki just isn't complete.
I had to load the "raid" hook instaid of the "mdadm" hook and had to load it before autodetect for it to work, like so:
HOOKS="base udev raid autodetect pata scsi sata filesystems"
I puzzled this together by combining the wiki together with a "how to set up RAID during installation" guide I found on the ARCH forums.
I had to do this in a chroot and only really used the setup for the packages.
--Thajan 13:07, 24 July 2009 (EDT)
I had a similar problem with RAID1. This page says that the "old style" requires kernel parameters, but nowadays it doesn't. As of 2010.05, I still need a kernel line like
kernel /vmlinuz26 root=/dev/md3 ro md=1,/dev/sda1,/dev/sdb1 md=3,/dev/sda3,/dev/sdb3
to get it to boot, even though the mdadm hook is in /etc/mkinitcpio.conf.
More info here: http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/showthread.php?p=4147009
--MALDATA 10:44, 02 November 2010 (CST)
Migrating from PATA w/o RAID to SATA with Software RAID (mdadm)
After recreating the /dev nodes (null, console and random), tried to set up a software raid0 with two SATA disks. It was a royal pain in the ass, but playing around with hooks, what really worked was:
HOOKS="base udev sata mdadm filesystems autodetect".
Note the order: sata before mdadm, not after (as is said over there).
MSI Neo4-F and two SATA disks (western digital and seagate) connected through SATA (non sata2), ArchLinux x64 and a root partition RAIDed 0. Kernel 2.6.30-4.
--PeGa! 01:31, 18 August 2009 (EDT)----
"archive your partition scheme"
I agree that this is a good idea, but I would caution against dumping the exact partition table back onto a new disk unless you know the disk to be physically identical in all respects to the old one. Usually you'll have a disk from a different manufacturer or a different production run and the total number of sectors (and thus the geometry) will be a little different.
It's best to re-do the partition table, so that you can make sure it's all nice & aligned with the geometry (some things don't like it when partition boundaries aren't aligned, e.g. you'll get warning messages on boot and cfdisk will hate you).
If you're re-adding the new partitions to existing RAID arrays, make sure you err on the side of making them a little bigger rather than a little smaller -- it sucks when they don't fit :)
Fixed mdadm --scan calls.
As per discussion on the arch-general mailing list, it was clear that the calls to mdadm happened at the wrong time.
Mdadm --scan has to be called after mounting (which probaly happens while the installer is already running), but before mkinitcpio runs, so that mkinitcpio can incorporate mdadm.conf into the initrd.
Therefore, I have moved the first mentioned call from running before /arch/setup to running during the setup on a 2nd terminal. I have removed the 2nd call after grub setup entirely dince by then it would already be too late.
--Jinks 18:34, 13 January 2010 (EST)
Transform and Update Article - 2011
This article could prove to be extremely helpful, but it is outdated. Although that fact has been noted numerous times here and in the forums that task hasn't been taken on in earnest. I believe it should be transformed into a Software RAID specific article, with a short section referencing the more thorough and accurate LVM article. A lot of the information in this article is redundant, and outdated compared to the LVM article. Some steps to be taken:
- Rename article to Software RAID
- Reference other more current/detailed articles, remove redundant information
- Remove the Outline section
- Add Required Software in summary template
~ Filam 08:21, 30 August 2011 (EDT)
- I flagged the article as out-of-date. Rather than slowly make major revisions, which could cause the article to become inconsistent, I've created a new version in my user space, User:Filam/RAID. You're welcome to contribute edits there. ~ Filam 11:44, 31 August 2011 (EDT)
Create sysfs partition
If you are using an Arch Linux install CD <= 0.7.1, you have to create and mount a sysfs partition on /sys, to keep lvm from getting cranky. Otherwise you can skip this mounting of sysfs, unless you run into trouble. If you forget to do this, instead of giving you an intelligent error message, lvm will simply Segmentation fault at various inconvenient times.
To mount the sysfs partition, do:
# mkdir /sys # mount -t sysfs none /sys
- I will be removing the preceding text from the main article as it is no longer relevant, but wanted to keep an easily accessible and searchable record of it. ~ Filam 16:13, 31 August 2011 (EDT)
Kernel parameters
Then specify the raid array you are booting from in /mnt/boot/grub/menu.lst like:
# Example with /dev/array/root for / & /dev/md1 for /boot: kernel /vmlinuz-linux root=/dev/array/root ro md=1,/dev/sda1,/dev/sdb1,/dev/sdc1 md=0,/dev/sda3,/dev/sdb3,/dev/sdc3
- Again, I will be removing the preceding text from the main article as it is no longer relevant, but wanted to keep an easily accessible and searchable record of it. ~ Filam 17:20, 31 August 2011 (EDT)
Install Grub with pre-2009 ISOs
This is the last and final step before you have a bootable system!
As an overview, the basic concept is to copy over the grub bootloader files into /boot/grub, mount a procfs and a device tree inside of /mnt, then chroot to /mnt so you are effectively inside your new system. Once in your new system, you will run grub to install the bootloader in the boot area of your first hard drive.
Copy the GRUB files into place and get into our chroot:
# cp -a /mnt/usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/* /mnt/boot/grub # sync # mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev # mount -t proc none /mnt/proc # mount -t sysfs none /mnt/sys # chroot /mnt /bin/bash
At this point, you may no longer be able to see keys you type at your console. I am not sure of the reason for this (NOTE: try "chroot /mnt /bin/<shell>"), but it you can fix it by typing
reset at the prompt.
Once you have got console echo back on, type:
# grub
After a short wait while grub does some looking around, it should come back with a grub prompt. Do:
grub> root (hd0,0) grub> setup (hd0) grub> quit
That is it. You can exit your chroot now by hitting
CTRL-D or typing
- Once again, I will be removing the preceding text from the main article as it is no longer relevant, but wanted to keep an easily accessible and searchable record of it. ~ Filam 11:00, 1 September 2011 (EDT)
Installation image
Which installation image should be used (i.e. Netinstall or Core)? As lilsirecho writes on the forum: "This action occurs when utilizing ftp install which installs the latest kernel rather than the very old kernel in the 2010-05 .iso. ... If you are not using ftp install grub2 may not be compatible with the kernel in 2010-05 .iso." ~ Filam 13:54, 1 September 2011 (EDT)
- I don't know a thing about groub2 or RAID, but we now have new official images, from 2011.08.19 - the forum discussion you mention took place 2 weeks before their release. -- Karol 14:14, 1 September 2011 (EDT)


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Trucking industry representatives and employees packed the spacious Tennessee Ballroom at Hilton Memphis, the gleaming glass hotel in East Memphis, for Carnival Memphis' salute to the trucking industry.
It was 1961 when Mose and Dorothy Higginbotham started Ozark Motor Lines with a 1949 Ford pickup they used to carry freight from Memphis to Missouri.
Copyright 1995 -
by The Daily News Publishing Co. Inc. - All Rights Reserved


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Kick Drop: Palladium "No Sew" City Tech Boot
Palladium offers up yet another fresh set of footwear from their Sport Collection with the debut of the City Tech boot.
Modeled after the brand's Pampa silhouette, the City Tech boasts a unique feature this time around: a seam-free, "no sew" construction. Palladium pairs their LITE technology and Dri-Lex® lining to provide both an EVA-injected outsole & rubber midsole, which allows for breathability. The neon accents (seen above) finish things off for a nice, lightweight "go-to" shoe.
Cop the City Tech "No Sew" boots now, as they're available at retails for $80.00—or just head over to www.palladiumboots.com.
See the full collection of the new City Techs in the gallery above
Palladium Delivers Their 2013 Spring/Summer Mono Chrome Collection


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The Hood River High School Class of 1963 will hold its 50-year reunion Aug. 17 from 2-5 p.m. in the Shoreline Room at Best Western Hood River Inn. The cost is $20 per person and includes light hors d'oeuvres. Send to Dave Jubitz, P.O. box 52, Hood River, OR 97031.
Members of classes 1962 and 1964 are also welcome.
For more information contact Heather Weisfield at 509-493-3821.
The Hood River Valley High School Class of 1973 will hold its 40-year reunion Aug. 16-18. The weekend will kick off with a Friday night meet-and-greet at the Elks Lodge, Third and Cascade in downtown Hood River, beginning at 6 p.m. and going into the night. There will be a no-host bar and entertainment, and dinner will be available for purchase.
Saturday will start with a tour at Hood River Valley High School at 4 p.m., to be followed later by dinner and dancing at Divots restaurant at Indian Creek Golf Course. Social hour begins at 6 p.m. and dinner and dancing to live music starts at 7 p.m. Admission is free but $10 donations at the door are appreciated.
There will be a potluck picnic Sunday at Jackson Park, from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m.
Teachers and surrounding classes are also welcome to attend.
For more info email firstname.lastname@example.com or call 541-386-9434.
The Wy'east High School class of 1968 is planning its 45-year class reunion for the weekend of Aug. 17-18. There will be a dinner at the Elks Lodge in Hood River at 7 p.m. with a social gathering starting at 5:30. On Sunday there will be a potluck picnic at Tollbridge Park near Parkdale.
RSVP to Larry Elliott at 6030 Covey Road, Parkdale, or firstname.lastname@example.com.
The Wy'east High School Class of 1969 has set its reunion dates and is seeking classmate contacts. This relaxed and casual event will be held Sept. 6-7, beginning with an informal Friday evening gathering in Hood River and continuing with a Saturday evening banquet at the Best Western Hood River Inn.
Anyone having contact information for one or more far-flung Wy'east Class of 1969 members is asked to email classmate contact information to email@example.com or call Terri Vann at 541-490-6557 or Davinne McKeown-Ellis at 541-386-4475. Please leave a message if there is no answer.
The Hood River Valley High School Class of 1988 will hold its 25-year reunion the weekend of Aug. 9-11. Saturday night will feature a $30 per person catered dinner with no-host bar at Divots Restaurant at Indian Creek Golf Course. Sunday family activities will be a picnic at Jackson Park starting at 9:30 a.m., with kickball at Collins Field, and Solstice Wood Fire pizza available from noon to 2 p.m. Friday night activities will include an informal gathering of friends with more info TBA.
Reunion info is available and constantly being updated on the Hood River Valley Class of 1988 private Facebook page. If you are not a member of Facebook, email Raquel Trujillo-VanNatta for information at firstname.lastname@example.com, call 541-990-5952 or join Facebook immediately. RSVP information is requested no later than Aug. 5.
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People Behind KDE: Summer of Code 2007 (3/4)
People Behind KDE releases the third interview in its series of four interviews with students who are working on KDE as part of the Google Summer of Code 2007 - meet Leo Franchi, Juan González Aguilera, Andrew Manson and Marcus Hanwell!
ruby soc
Does anybody have news on how on "the better support for Ruby and Rails in kdevelop soc" is going? I've never seen any news posted about it on the dot or in the blogs.
Re: ruby soc
Re: ruby soc
Re: ruby soc
Bad news.
I don't exactly know how much was achieved, but rumour has it that the student stopped working on it sometime in July. Don't expect all too great outcomes from this project in the short term.
By Jakob Petsovits at Sun, 2007/09/02 - 5:00am
Re: ruby soc
Unfortunately there's close to 0 outcome for this SoC project,the student lost interest shortly after the official start of the project.
By Andreas Pakulat at Sun, 2007/09/02 - 5:00am
Re: ruby soc
Yes, this is a real shame. Maybe I'm biased but I see turning KDE4 into a killer python and ruby development environment as really important. But we are devoting only something like 2-5% of KDE developer resources to do that, when in my opinion it should be much more. So the loss of 3 months dedicated developer effort to ruby support for KDevelop has a serious effect on broadening the KDE developer base with more user friendly languages than c++.
By Richard Dale at Sun, 2007/09/02 - 5:00am
Re: ruby soc
I've recently been using qt4ruby a bit for small projects, and it's been really good. Kate also has nice support for ruby's syntax highlighting.
I'm waiting until I start using KDE4 to check out how korundum is doing.
Of course, I learned ruby primarily to jump back into programming. Instant gratification is nice, and it's suitable for small starter projects. I'm planning on switching to c++ when/if I get more serious, and as projects get bigger.
By Soap at Sun, 2007/09/02 - 5:00am
Re: ruby soc
I just agree there. Beside the integration itself, better documentation at http://techbase.kde.org/Development/Tutorials#Rapid_Application_Development would be damn useful too. If just each python- and/or ruby-lover would write a few lines...
By Sebastian Sauer at Sun, 2007/09/02 - 5:00am
completely off-topic, i know...
but shouldn't the 4.0 delay have some kind of "official" announcement?
By attendant at Sun, 2007/09/02 - 5:00am
Re: completely off-topic, i know...
That'll come, I'm sure.
By Jos Poortvliet at Sun, 2007/09/02 - 5:00am
Re: completely off-topic, i know...
i guess the announcement is delayed as well :o)
By whatever noticed at Sun, 2007/09/02 - 5:00am
Re: completely off-topic, i know...
By reihal at Sun, 2007/09/02 - 5:00am
Re: completely off-topic, i know...
That's not official IMHO, it is just a personal blog. If you go to kde.org, there is a section called "Latest Announcements" and one called "Latest News". I take those to be the official and semi-official news outlets respectively. The latter is just a feed from the Dot.
By Martin at Sun, 2007/09/02 - 5:00am


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Action taken by Wildlife and Parks Commission in March 13 public hearing
TOPEKA -- The Kansas Wildlife and Parks Commission has approved a variety of changes in deer hunting equipment and deer permits. The action came at a public hearing in Topeka March 13, and the changes take effect in the 2008 deer seasons.
Among changes in legal deer hunting equipment approved by the commission are the following:
- Kansas deer hunters will be allowed to hunt with scopes on their muzzleloaders during the state's early muzzleloader deer season. In the past, only open or peep sights were allowed during that early season, although scopes were allowed on muzzleloaders during the regular firearms season.
- Regulations on broadhead types legal for archery hunting were amended to require points that are at least 7/8-inch wide, but now can be made of other than metal materials, such as knapped stone.
- Crossbows of at least 125 pounds draw weight will be allowed during the regular firearms deer season.
- Hard-cast lead bullets will be allowed in muzzleloaders and rifles.
Another regulation approved by the commission establishes the types of deer permits available, including the following:
- A resident any-season white-tailed deer permit (available over the counter) which may be used during any season (early muzzleloader, archery, or firearms) with equipment legal for that season.
- A non-resident white-tailed deer permit (available by drawing) valid within a deer management unit and one additional adjacent unit, hunting in the season (early muzzleloader, archery, or firearms) designated upon application. Transferrable non-resident permits will not be available.
- A non-resident either-species, either-sex deer stamp – available in designated units and in limited numbers in a secondary drawing of applicants who draw an archery or muzzleloader-only white-tailed deer permit.
- A special hunt-on-your-own-land deer permit available to individuals, regardless of residence, who are lineal ascendants or descendants (or spouses), as well as siblings of resident landowners. Transferrable hunt-on-your-own-land permits will not be available.


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In your 2/6 Dispatch section, there was a letter from a Hyman Auslander ("Same-sex marriage already solved"). In it he mocks another writer's earlier contention that there should be "a referendum for the entire state of New Jersey to decide" the legality of same-sex marriage.
He states as proof that "this issue" was already settled (gasp) 5,000 years ago. What Mr. Auslander offers as "proof" are Bible passages Leviticus 18:22 and 29:13. Other "proofs" found in Leviticus are 19:19 ("Do not wear clothing of different kinds of material") or 19:27 ("Do not cut your hair at the sides of your head or clip off the edges of our beard") or 19:33 ("When an alien lives with you in your land, do not mistreat him" or 21:13 ("The woman he marries must be a virgin, he must not marry a widow, a divorced woman")
There are other Leviticus ridicu-laws, such as not eating pork or shellfish or if a farmer plants two crops, he will go to hell. Also should you ever have a bad thought about your parents, you will be put to death in the center of the city. Leviticus has as much validity and legitimacy to "settle" any issue as does the Wizard of Oz.
As far as gay marriage, I do agree that a referendum on gay marriage is wrong. Gay marriage is a matter of equal rights and is a civil right protected by the constitution and not subject to referendum. Should we have voted on slavery, black civil rights, women's suffrage, or interracial marriage? Of course not. They are civil rights, and we do not vote on civil rights. We are America.
George Katz


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Season 44 of Sesame Street Features a New Neighbor and a New Segment
Sesame Workshop, the non-profit behind numerous iconic educational children's shows in the United States and around the world, is excited to announce the launch of Season 44 of Sesame Street. This season is full of fun new additions to the neighborhood. Armando, played by Ismael Cruz Córdova, joins the cast and beloved Cookie Monster hosts a new segment: Crumby Pictures Presents.
The focus of Crumby Pictures Presents is our self-regulation curriculum. Self-regulation is a set of critical skills for preschoolers that affects children socially, behaviorally, and academically. Unfortunately, children often begin kindergarten without important skills such as being able to follow directions, stay on task with focused attention, and regulate their own emotions using concrete strategies. Kindergarten teachers report that over half of their students start school lacking good self-regulation abilities even though they are seen by many as being more essential for school readiness than academic skills such as counting or recognizing letters.
Fortunately, self-regulation skills can be taught during the preschool years and development of these skills happens rapidly. These skills and strategies are at the center of every laugh and lesson learned in Crumby Pictures Present.
To learn more about Season 44 and all the laughs Cookie Monster, Armando, and the whole gang have in store, click here.


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The 20 essential things to do in Madrid
Visiting a city as big as Madrid and managing to see and do all the attractions, events and activities it has to offer is no easy task. From sprawling museums to traditional restaurants and bars, every corner you turn uncovers a spot that draws in tourists and locals alike. To make the choices a bit easier and to make sure you experience as much as you can, we've picked 20 essential things to do when you're in Madrid. If you can't fit them all in, don't worry, you can always come back. So check out our guide to Madrid's best things to do and start exploring.
The best things to do in Madrid
Walk along the Gran Vía
The city's main tourist artery runs the famous Metrópolis building to the Plaza de España. Shops, bars and even a casino line this wide street that stretches for more than a kilometre. If you start walking at the Metrópolis building, with its stunning dome crowned by a bronze statue, the next landmark you'll come to is at Gran Vía 1, the address for Grassy jewellers since 1952. A bit further on, the Hotel de las Letras deserves a peek inside before you're wowed by the window display at the Loewe shop or stop to have a drink in the legendary Museo Chicote, which, despite its name, isn't a museum at all, though there is some art on the walls in the form of photos of celebrities who have passed through the swinging doors.
The impressive Telefónica building kicks off the next leg, where clothing shops compete with each other to grab the eye, and the euros, of a wide variety of clientele. Look carefully - some of the shops are inside old cinemas that have long had to close their doors. Still showing films on the big screen, however, are the Palacio de la Prensa, Capitol and Callao cinemas, in the square that divides this celebrated street. From here to Plaza de España theatres such as the Lope de Vega and the Compac update their programming every season with major works. Gran Vía comes to an end between the Torre de Madrid and the Edificio España, facing the monument to Miguel de Cervantes that's in the centre of the grand square. Book your tickets now!
Visit big museums and small galleries
Exploring the area known as Madrid's Art Triangle is compulsory for any visitor to the city. The Museo del Prado, the Reina Sofía and the Thyssen-Bornemisza are the three vertices that make up this traingle that is right on the Paseo del Prado, but they're not the only places where you can see art in the area: Madrid's CaixaForum and its vertical garden are also great places to contemplate beauty.
But you don't have to walk the hallowed halls of the grandest museums and galleries to admire the all the art Madrid has to offer. Small galleries like Elena Ochoa's Ivorypress, urban art created at the hand of the likes of Suso33 and collectives such as BoaMistura, along with temporary exhibitions by young painters in bars and restaurants round out Madrid's cultural panorama.
Take in the city's best views
The Madrid skyline is one of the most attractive in Spain. And if there's a perfect place to take it all in, it's from the rooftop terrace at the Círculo de Bellas Artes in C/ Alcalá. From this massive patio you can see the whole city, its great avenues, famous monuments, green spaces, and the Cuatro Torres, the capital's big skyscrapers. It's also an ideal spot to have a drink and watch the sun set.
But that's not the only vantage point for enjoying the incredible views. If you're looking for something a bit more central, try the Hotel de las Letras or the Urban (with a swimming pool), which are just a short walk from the Puerta del Sol. The lookout point from the Basílica de San Francisco el Grande or the one behind the Templo de Debod show a lesser-known side of the capital, while if what you're after is more of a bird's-eye view, head for the Teleférico de la Casa de Campo.
Grab some beers
Going out for a few beers (or glasses of wine, or soft drinks) is one of the locals' preferred pastimes. And it's made even better when the weather's nice and all the bars and restaurants open up their terraces. Among the favourite areas to whet their whistle are La Latina in Plaza de la Cebada, a meeting point for many, especially younger crowd. At weekends it's near impossible to make your way through streets like Cava Baja or Cava Alta, where you'll find most of the bars and restaurants.
Other recommended areas for going out for a tipple include Malasaña, where modern bars with vintage decor co-exist with gritty taverns that have stood their ground for generations; Alonso Martínez, neighbour of one of the richest areas in the capital; Tribunal, where you want to head if you're planning to be out till the wee hours; Moncloa, a favourite among university students; and Chueca, with the best gay nightlife in the city.
Tour the city's parks
You might not realise it, but Madrid has a lot of green spaces. The biggest one is the Casa de Campo, with 1,700 hectares (6.6 sq mi) - five times bigger than New York's Central Park. The interior features a large lake where you'll find small boats and where schools practice kayaking for competitions. There's also a funfair, the Madrid Zoo, a youth hostel, sports facilities and more than a few spaces for concerts and events.
A bit smaller but more central is the Parque del Buen Retiro, also known simply as 'El Retiro', with a pond, tree-linded walks, fountains, monuments such as those to Alfonso XII and the statue of the Fallen Angel, and there's even a space for puppet shows.
You'll also find find a lot of the city's residents out for a jog, skating or walking their dogs along Madrid Río, the green promenade that's a happy result of the excavation of ring road M-30. The Jardines de Sabatini, near the Palacio Real, are a bit more off the beaten path, but definitely worth a visit.
The Paseo de la Castellana, from top to bottom
The Paseo de la Castellana is the axis that passes through the city from north to south along the Paseo del Prado and the Paseo de Recoletos. This is where you'll find Madrid's financial centre, exclusive shops and hotels, and even Spain's most-visited stadium, the Santiago Bernabéu, home to the Real Madrid football club.
The Natural Science Museum, the Nuevos Ministerios area, the Kio Towers and Plaza de Castilla with its huge obelisk are just some of the attractions that dotted along this seemingly endless avenue. At the north end are four skyscrapers - Torre Bankia, Torre PwC, Torre Espacio and Torre de Cristal - that together form the well-known economic complex aptly called Las Cuatro Torres. Book your tickets now!
Essential sights to see
Whether you're in town for three days or three weeks, you must visit at least three essential spots before you leave. The first is Plaza Mayor, where you can relax with an expensive cup of 'café con leche', study the equestrian statue of Felipe III is in the centre of the square and do some pretty good people watching around the Tourist information Centre.
With its own song and everything, the Puerta de Alcalá is another must on your list of sights to see. In Plaza de la Independencia, next to El Retiro park, this ancient neoclassical-style gateway to Madrid is at its best at dusk, when lights shine on its arches. You'll also want to have a look at the Royal Palace, next to the Catedral de la Almudena, the official residence of the Spanish royal family, although they now live in the Zarzuela Palace. Die-hard football fans will want to check out the Plaza de Cibeles, where Real Madrid fans celebrate their team's wins, or Plaza de Neptune, territory of Atlético Madrid followers.
Go treasure hunting in El Rastro
Every Sunday it seems like the whole of Madrid is in one place: C/Ribera de Curtidores, in the Embajadores neighbourhood, where dozens of stalls are set up selling second-hand clothes, vinyl records, jewellery and just about any object you can imagine. This is El Rastro, the most famous and oldest flea market in town.
Get there early in the morning unless you're really into crowds, because later in the day the street turns into a raging river of shoppers trying to elbow their way against the current as the vendors wage a shouting war over who has the best deals. Bar and café owners have taken advantage of the draw El Rastro has and have opened up nearby, so you can always find a place to duck out for break or an energy boost. And don't forget to visit the antiques shops down the side streets.
Take in a musical
Back in the day, Gran Vía was nicknamed 'the Broadway of Madrid' thanks to the sheer quantity of cinemas and theatres that lined the street. Even though many of those have since closed, the strip from Plaza de Callao to Plaza de España keeps the culture alive and draws long queues at the box office. Dating back to 1944, the Teatro de la Luz Philips Gran Vía is one of the oldest theatres in the city, and its stage has held dance performances, musicals and more.
The Teatro Lope de Vega has hosted the best and most successful musicals on the Madrid stage, including 'The Lion King', 'The Phantom of the Opera', 'Mamma Mia!', 'Jesus Christ Superstar' and 'Les Miserables', while the Rialto was home for nearly two years to the wildly popular Spanish musical 'Hoy No Me Puedo Levantar' ('Today I Can't Get Up'), based on the songs of Mecano, the best-selling Spanish band of all time that was active in the 1980s. At the foot of Gran Vía is the Teatro Coliseum, built in 1932 as a cinema. It's welcomed such works as 'Cats', 'My Fair Lady', 'Saturday Night Fever' and 'Chicago', among many others.
Delight in the chocolate con churros at San Ginés
Over a century ago this chocolatier's opened its doors in a hidden alleyway between Puerta del Sol and Plaza de Ópera. Today San Ginés serves up the most famous churros in Madrid, and it's a popular meeting point for clubbers heading home after a serious night out.
Surrounded by authentic decor and the classic snapshots of celebs on the walls, you'll wait anxiously for your mug of warm dipping chocolate, churros or porras (just like the tasty fried bread of churros, but even bigger around). Be sure to get a glass of water to wash all that delectable sweetness down. The waiters are constantly running up and down the stairs, inside and out, to satisfy the never-ending cravings of their clientele. The churros and porras are made by San Ginés, using the same reliable recipe since 1894. The chocolate is also made on the spot and can be mixed with any of the liqueurs they've got to hand for an added jolt.
Take a picture with 'El Oso y el Madroño'
The quintessential symbol of Madrid and the meeting point for lost tourists and friends heading out on the town, 'The Bear and the Strawberry Tree' sculpture, at 4 metres and 20 tonnes of bronze, is not only in the centre of the Puerta del Sol, which is in the heart of Madrid, but is also the starting point (0 km) of all the motorways in Spain.
Don't shy away from the typical tourist photo. Be sure to wait your turn with the groups of admirers crowding around for their shot of 'El Oso y el Madroño', which also appears in Madrid's coat of arms. For years the statue was in front of C/ del Carmen, but now stands at the mouth of C/Alcalá and the Carrera de San Jerónim.
Enjoy a really good party
The streets of the Malasaña neighbourhood were the centre of Madrid's post-Franco 'Movida' countercultural movement, and they're still abuzz with nightlife. Bars like El Penta, La Vía Láctea and Tupperware are heaving with party people into the wee hours at weekends. It's worth wandering around the barrio to stumble upon some of the new spots that have opened in recent years.
If a night out dancing is more your thing, you're also spoiled for choice. You'll hear a lot of talk about Kapital, pumping out house and dance music - the funkier the better - in its seven floors. To boogie the night away to the top pop hits of the day, head for Shôko. And indie kids won't be disappointed at Independance Club or Ochoymedio.
Fill your suitcase with local threads
Whether you're feeling flush or counting every penny, you'll find shops in Madrid to suit your budget. For exclusive brands, you might not need to go any farther than C/ Serrano, known as the Golden Mile and home to boutiques by Prada, Loewe, Armani, Roberto Verino, Adolfo Domínguez and more. If you're into big names but low on cash flow, try heading north of the city to Las Rozas Village for some outlet shopping.
When you've got a bit less to spend, you're sure to find a treasure or two in C/ Fuencarral. The city centre's high street is where you'll find brand-name shops intermingling with costume jewellery and affordable cosmetics. If you still haven't found what you're looking for, never fear. But if you're short on time, try C/ Preciados, just next to Puerta del Sol, where you'll find all kinds of window displays tempting you to part with your euros.
Feast on 'cocido' and calamari sandwiches
When you're getting to know a city, it's just as important to try the local cuisine as it is to take in the art and culture. Madrid makes it easy with two essential traditional dishes. 'Cocido' is a stew that is typical of Madrid's fare, and there are a thousand different ways to prepare it. The locals love their 'cocido' so much that there are even tours you can go on to try the best in the province. Some of the best 'cocido' can be found at Lhardy, with one of the oldest recipes in Madrid; La Bola, where it's not unusual for them to serve a hundred a day; and Malacatín, a traditional Madrid tavern in La Latina.
For the best calamari sandwich, take a seat at El Brillante café, opposite Atocha station. Be sure to ask for it with or without lemon or mayonnaise, to suit your taste. And the streets around Plaza Mayor are laden with home-grown café bars like Postas and Ideal, where you'll always find these sandwiches filled with tender breaded calamari on the menu.
Hit a high note in concert
If you're looking for live music, you've come to the right place. Madrid boasts plenty of venues, enormous and intimate, where the biggest national and international stars have played. If you're a jazz fan, you'll find the real thing at Café Central and Café Populart - both host live jazz nightly. If you're looking to rock out or get down and funky, look no further than La Boca del Lobo, where all concerts are free. La Coquette is a meeting place for blues lovers, El Búho Real is where you want to go to catch unplugged singer-songwriters onstage, and Gruta 77 is a favourite among fans of good ol' rock 'n' roll.
Bands that fill stadiums take their big sounds to the Palacio de los Deportes, in the heart of Madrid; La Riviera, next to the Manzanares River, with a slightly lower capacity; or Palacio Vistalegre, which is the farthest out of the city. These are just a few of the highlights in a city hopping with live music, including big festivals such as Dcode.
Visit the gay heart of the city
When you talk about Madrid's gay centre, you're talking about Chueca, where the bars, shops, clubs, travel agencies, bookstores, and other shops mostly focus on the gay community living in the area and always welcome the respectfully curious. At the heart of the barrio is Plaza de Chueca, where you'll find the eponymous metro stop is a popular meeting place, especially in summer when the terraces take over the entire square. Among the best known clubs in the scene are the Delirio, Truco, and Fulanita de Tal.
If you want to plan a visit during the biggest gay celebration of the year, be sure to save the dates at the end of June and beginning of July, when Gay Pride hits Madrid in all its shimmering glory. The streets are packed with revellers, beer or mini 'calimocho' (red wine with Coke) in hand, watching the Pride parade float by along Gran Vía. Once that's over, the party carries on and Chueca is chock-a-block with shiny happy debauchery for a few more days.
Venture outside the city limits
When you're in town with time to spare, why not take a day trip and explore the surroundings? Strolling through the gardens of La Granja de San Ildefonso, a royal palace formerly used as a summer residence by the Spanish monarchs, is a real treat. As is a visit to the immense San Lorenzo del Escorial Monastery, about 45 kilometres from downtown.
Find more green spaces in the gardens of Aranjuez, which are located next to another royal palace and have been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. And for some hearty traditional cuisine, be sure to visit Chinchón and its old town square.
Enjoy the winter snow…
When you're planning your skiing holiday, the first destination that pops into your head probably isn't Madrid. But keep in mind the city is surrounded by mountains where you can slide into winter. Valdesquí is the most popular resort, with 27 tracks (3 red, 15 blue, 9 green), 15 ski lifts, 9 snow-making machines, and several cafés and rest areas.
Families in Madrid more typically spend the day at Puerto de Navacerrada, where they can rent sledges for the kids to play on gentle slopes. As the first flakes fall, the nearest parking area is immediately overstuffed, and traffic jams can be monumental. If the weather's not cooperating, you can always have a go on the covered slopes at Snowzone, open all year round in the Xanadu shopping centre.
...And the blooms of spring
There's a park in Madrid that even a lot of the locals don't know about where the almond trees bloom each spring. The Quinta de Los Molinos boasts 21.5 hectares that make a lovely home for a large number of tree species, including olive, pine and eucalyptus, plus several fountains and a lake.
But the real stars are the pink and white flowers of the almond trees, which also give off a heady scent. This garden was owned by the Count of Torre Arias, but in 1920 became part of the estate of César Cort Botí, an engineer and architect. Since 1997 it has been considered a Historical Park, and at weekends it welcomes families kicking a ball around, couples taking a romantic stroll and groups of friends who can't stop snapping shots of the colourful trees with their mobile phones.
Celebrate with a local festival
If you can stand the heat, Madrid's summer festival season is the best time to see the capital in all its splendour. Spring has its share of celebrations, with Dos de Mayo, marking the 1808 uprising against French occupation; and the San Isidro festival honouring the patron saint of Madrid with outdoor concerts, street stalls selling food and drink, and spending the day in the park named after the saint.
Once those are history, the parties really pick up, with the streets filled with festivals and merry-makers virtually every weekend throughout summer. The big one in mid-July is the Virgen del Carmen, which is a big deal in the barrios of Puente de Vallecas, Chamberí and Villaverde Alto. And August celebrates the Verbena de la Paloma in La Latina, honouring the neighbourhood's very own patron saint.