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About every 3 years or so my company give me money for a laptop. It is also my ONLY work machine. When I get to work I plug it into a 21" monitor and use USB KB/Mouse. This time they say ~$3000, so here is what I've come up with. All have their strengths and weaknesses, but which would you choose? Like I said, I'll have to use it for the next 3 years, and they'll all be repartitioned and have some for of Linux installed. And the nominees are:
Dell Inspiron 8600
Pentium®M Processor,1.7 GHz
15.4 in WSXGA+
Windows® XP Professional
1GB,DDR,333MHz 2 Dimms
64MB DDR NVIDIA® GeForce4 4200 Go AGP 4X Graphics Upgrade!
4x CD/DVD burner (DVD+RW/+R)
40GB Ultra ATA Hard Drive
Integrated 10/100 Network Card and Modem
Dell TrueMobile 1400 DualBand WLAN (802.11a/b/g, 54Mbps) miniPCI Card
FREE! Dell TrueMobile 2300 Router w/ 1yr warranty w/ miniPCI Card purchase
Office Professional 2003 with Money®
Apple 15" Powerbook
1.25GHz PowerPC G4
1GB DDR333 SDRAM - 2x512 SO-DIMMs
80GB Ultra ATA drive @ 4200 rpm
SuperDrive (DVD-R/CD-RW)
AirPort Extreme Card
15.2-inch TFT Display
AlienWare Area-51m Enthusiast
Intel® Pentium® 4 Processor 3.0GHz 800MHz FSB w/ 512KB Cache
Area-51m Case with 15.4" WideSXGA+ 1680x1050 LCD Display
Windows® XP Professional
AREA-51M NVIDIA FX go5600 Module with 128MB DDR
2x1x8x DVD-RW / 16x10x24x CD-RW Combo w/Software
Hitachi 60GB 7200 RPM ATA100 with 8MB Cache
Integrated 10/100Mb Ethernet NIC and Modem


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Professor of Law
S.J.D., Harvard Law School, 2007
LL.M., (waived) Harvard Law School, 2001
LL.B., Tel Aviv University, 1999
B.A., Tel Aviv University, 1999
Dotan Oliar joined the faculty in 2007. His areas of interest include intellectual property, law and economics, property theory and cyberlaw.
Oliar received his LL.B. and B.A. from Tel-Aviv University, and clerked for the Israeli Supreme Court. His S.J.D. dissertation advances a new understanding of the U.S. Constitution's intellectual property clause. His LL.M. thesis — an economic analysis of the fair use doctrine on the Internet — won the Harvard Law School Irving Oberman Award for Best Essay on The Internet and the Law. He served as a fellow at Harvard's Berkman Center for Internet & Society and Olin Center for Law and Economics.
Oliar has presented in several fora, including the Stanford/Yale Junior Faculty Forum, the annual meetings of the American, Canadian and European law and economics associations, and the intellectual property scholars conference.
Oliar was a visiting professor at New York University School of Law in 2010-11.
Recent News
Professor Dotan Oliar, Students' Article Named Among Best of the Year in Intellectual Property
Five UVA Law Professors Participate in Prestigious ALEA Conference
The Federal Intellectual Property Power, in American Governance. Ed. Stephen L. Schechter. 5 vols. Detroit: Macmillan (forthcoming).
"Copyright Registrations: Who, What, When, Where, and Why" (with Nate Pattison and Ross Powell) 92 Tex. L. Rev. 2211 (2014).
"Copyright Preregistration: Evidence and Lessons from the First Seven Years, 2005-2012" (with Nicholas Matich) 55 Ariz. L. Rev. 1073 (2013).
SSRN | HeinOnline (PDF)
"The Copyright-Innovation Trade-Off: Property Rules, Liability Rules, and Intentional Infliction of Harm", 64 Stan. L. Rev. 951 (2012).
SSRN | HeinOnline (PDF)
"Intellectual Property Norms in Stand-Up Comedy" (with Chris Sprigman), in Mario Biagioli, Peter Jaszi & Martha Woodmansee, eds., Making and Unmaking Intellectual Property: Creative Production in Legal and Cultural Perspective 385 (University of Chicago Press, 2011).
"The (Constitutional) Convention on IP: A New Reading," 57 UCLA L. Rev. 421 (2009).
SSRN | HeinOnline (PDF)
"From Corn to Norms: How IP Entitlements Affect What Stand-Up Comedians Create" (with Chris Sprigman), 95 Va. L. Rev. In Brief 57 (2009).
"There's No Free Laugh (Anymore): The Emergence of Intellectual Property Norms and the Transformation of Stand-Up Comedy" (with Chris Sprigman), 94 Va. L. Rev. 1789 (2008).
SSRN | HeinOnline (PDF)
"Alternatives to the Copyright Power: The Relationship of the Copyright Clause to the Commerce Clause and the Treaty Power" (panelist), 30 Colum. J.L. & Arts 287 (2007).
HeinOnline (PDF)
"Resolving Conflicts among Congress's Powers Regarding Statutes' Constitutionality: The Case of Anti-Bootlegging Statutes," 30 Colum. J.L. & Arts 467 (2007).
"Making Sense of the Intellectual Property Clause: Promotion of Progress as a Limitation on Congress's Intellectual Property Power," 94 Geo. L.J. 1771 (2006).
SSRN | HeinOnline (PDF)
"Incentives to Create Under a 'Lifetime-Plus-Years' Copyright Duration: Lessons from a Behavioral Economic Analysis for Eldred v. Ashcroft" (with Avishalom Tor), 36 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 437 (2002).
SSRN | HeinOnline (PDF)
In the Media

subset: commoncrawl


text:
This article is from Wikipedia. Please visit Wikipedia.org for the latest version or to edit this article.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.


text:
Below are our favorite apps and games for the Kindle Fire.
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Publisher: Netflix, Inc.
Most people are familiar with what Netflix offers, but it's easy to overlook some of the best content, which is why we have a guide to the best Netflix movies and the best Netflix TV shows. The app brings you a world of entertainment that can be streamed directly to your Kindle Fire in glorious HD. Find out how things play out for Walt in Breaking Bad, laugh at the hapless hillbillies in Tucker and Dale vs Evil, or take a trip with Craigslist Joe; there's plenty to choose from."
Pocket (Formerly Read It Later)
Fandango Movies, Times & Tickets


text:
Event Lite (Reserved)
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For Announcements & Large Day-to-Day Meetings
With Executive Event Lite Conferencing you will get a time saving and cost-effective solution for simple announcements and meetings. Participants join the call by dialing in via a listen-only number or an interactive number that allows them to converse with both the speaker and participants. Our experienced reservationists ensure the call's success.
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Elegant Apartment in Molino Stucky Palace
Спальные места4
Ванные комнаты1
Площадь70 м²
Этаж №(с лифтом)
- Кондиционер
- Полотенца
- Лифт в здании
- Возможность проживания семьи/детей
- Приспособлено для инвалидов
- Кухня
- Посудомоечная машина
Краткое описание жилья
|Fondamenta San Biagio, 20121 Venice, Италия
|Тип жилья
|ID жилья
|Процент подтвержденных запросов брони
|Время ответа
|Несколько часов
|Календарь обновлен
The flat is just two stops of water bus (vaporetto) from the S. Lucia train station and in the summer from your Palanca water stop there is a direct service that takes you to the beaches of the Lido.
For sleeping there are two doublebeds, one in the bedroom, the other is in the living room and is a doublebed sofa for two people.
The apartment is very cozy, the furniture is new and modern (you have a modern kitchen fully equipped - but with references to the Venetian style: the floors are in Venetian mosaic (Palladiana), the walls in Venetian plaster and the bathroom in red Verona marble.
The apartment is part of the old neo-Gothic building of the Molino Stucky , a former bread factory in Venice, and that 'was recently completely renovated and also home to the Hilton , whose services you can use for a fee ( spas, restaurants etc. . ) .
The advantages of staying in Giudecca are many: It is a quiet place, away from the crowds of central Venice , where you can rest after an intense day of cultural visits or open sea, you will find the true atmosphere of Venice as the Venetians who live here are many more that in the center , and the walk along the canal offers a beautiful view of Venice , there are great places for cocktails and restaurants and at lower prices than in the center ( we recommend the restaurant La Palanca for lunch and Altanella Trattoria for dinner, with his unforgettable homemade gnocchi with squid ink ) and in the summer there is a direct ferry service to the beaches , and finally the Cini Foundation with its variety of temporary exhibitions, the church of the Redentore of Palladio and the famous Harrys Cipriani Dolci are located a stone's throw from here.
Правила Проживанияaccommodation for non-smokers, children welcome
|Цена за неделю (вплоть до 2 гостей)
|79931 руб.
|Цена за месяц (вплоть до 2 гостей)
|219990 руб.
|Цена за 2 гостей
|1467 руб. за одну ночь/ дополнительная ночь
|Максимальная продложительность визита
|1 месяц
|Заезд после
|Заселение до
|Отъезд до
|Политика Отмены Брони
We were very lucky for the opportunity to stay in the wonderful apartment. All needs are perfectly fulfilled. To start the day from Guidecca and to finish our daily tours at your lovely appartment were perfect. We even had the chance to have lunch at the Palanga restaurant, where the meals were delicious. Thanks a lot to you and Vicky! We hope to come back.
Eine wunderschöne Wohnung in Trastevre in Rom.
Wunderbare Restaurants und Bars in direkter Nähe. Sehr gute Anbindung mit der Straßenbahn ins Zentrum. Wunderbare Gastgeber,
we had a nice spacy appartment with everything needed to have breakfast and food in the evening after a long days walk.
comfortable to sleep, nothing to complain.
only one very little remark remains: wlan would be nice ... so you have to know your ways before you arrive.
BUT - for us no real problem, therefore 5 points.
the area is quite noble and quiet ... there is a coop market in 500 meters distance open from early till 8.
if you are not good at walking to the vaporetto station Palanca, then you may take the Hilton shuttle to Zattere or St. Marcus -nobody will ask for a ticket.
We Travelled with out two childrens and enjoyed the Stay in your appartment very much. It is new, quiet, clean, has a new bathroom, beds are comfortable and aircondition is working well. Giudecca is Perfect, you Are Close to the Main tourist Attractions but in a very quiet Quarter with nice Restaurants . We Travelled in August and Would recommend to take a good mosquito spray with You for the evenings.
We spent a wonderful week in Venice. And we really enjoyed the apartment with its nice and quiet location away from the turist centers of Venice. It is so easy to use the vaporetto ( water bus) and the shuttle to and from the hotel. The apartment is just super nice, clean and there is everything you need to make yourself comfortable. We went to the Rialto fish market, bought sword fish and cooked it in the kitchen. We recommend this place very warmly
It was a great time in Venice! The Appartment is easy to find and it's a nice area there. The area is maintained and clean.
To the appartment: Ist very nice and everything you need, is there! You have a wonderfull bathroom and nice rooms to enyoj time after shopping and sight seeing, directly at the ocean!
When I visit Venice again you would take the same appartment again, when its available.
Thanks for great time and hope see you again!
- Гарантировать качество жилья
- Проверить каждого принимающиего Вас хозяина по телефону
- Обеспечить безопасную оплату через шифрование на базе SSL


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Flowers & Shapes
Cute and playful are the exact words to describe our Flowers and Shapes Buttons at M&J Trimming. Feel star struck with our Glitter Star Button or find flower power with our Flower Shape Button with Shank. These fun buttons are sure to brighten up any project.
There are no products matching the selection.


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Custom custom tail light tint kits are a cost effective way to get a customized exterior without having to use spray paints, dips or aftermarket lights. These precut tint film covers are designed specific for OEM factory lights and can be ordered in over a dozen different tint shades letting you get a modified look, without having to replace your lights. When you have a difficult time finding a...
Price: $79.99
Retail: $99.99
Universal custom tail light tint wraps are a universal trim-to-fit tinting option that can be applied to OEM, aftermarket or replacement tail lights. Customize your tail lights in popular smoke or blackout shades...or go crazy and go for a pink or green hue. These wrap kits are a perfect way for DIY tinters to smoke their tail lights without having to use chemicals or spray paint. Custom tail...
Price: $9.99
Retail: $14.99
When you are looking for an alternative to tail light tint or plastic covers, VHT Nite-Shades maybe just the way to go. This translucent black coating is specially formulated for tail light applications. Customize your Universal by spraying it with a finished product that has a satin sheen. Not too glossy and not too matte, VHT is just right.
Price: $24.99
Want that custom euro look? Then look no further than VHT's Nite-Shade red translucent smoke spray tint finish. Design to match the existing red color found on your Universal 's tail lights, these give you a subtle customized look when smoking your lights is not an option.
1993 Subaru Impreza Dash Kits
1993 Subaru Impreza Window Tint
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This is definitely much less than some of the 400 horse rumors but maybe BMW will bump it up. It is interesting to see how the all wheel drive system works during the winter testing and how effective it is. Also how quickly one can switch it up to front wheel drive with just a button press. One can also go from hybrid to electric only at the press of a button.
The video is well worth watching but it would be nice for this car to have a little more power and offer something more sports than a 1.5 liter three-cylinder motor. Hopefully we see variants.


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Ashley Monroe Discusses Working With Vince Gill On New Album
"When it came time to make this record, his name just kept popping in my head," Monroe tells Radio.com. "That's who gets me completely. He gets exactly what my soul is, he gets exactly what my voice is. I just knew I had to have him produce this record. Thank God he said yes."
Her writing relationship with Gill dates back to her teens. So when it came to choosing a producer for the album, he was her first and only pick.
"I moved to town when I was 15 years old from Knoxville," she recalls. "Right after I moved there, Vince got a hold of some of my demos and called me one day and asked me to go to breakfast. I was freaking out."
The morning of their big breakfast appointment, though, Monroe realized she needed a ride. She sheepishly called Gill. "I'm 15," she told him. "I don't have a car or a license, so you're going to have to come pick me up." From that moment, she says, they just bonded. more on this story
Radio.com is an official news provider for antiMusic.com.
Bon Jovi To Receive The iHeartRadio Icon Award
Metallica Teams Up With Vans Again
Steel Panther Animated For 'Wrong Side Of The Tracks (Out In Beverly Hills)'
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Oasis' Liam Gallagher Gets Interviewed By Kids
Alex Di Leo Releases 'Brooklyn Bridge Video
Robert Plant Talks Led Zeppelin 50th Anniversary Celebration
Jimi Hendrix Previously-Unreleased Track Streaming
Foo Fighters Brit Awards Performance Streaming Online
Concert For George Harrison Hitting Movie Theaters
Metallica Release Live Video From Mannheim Show
Liam Gallagher Rocks Late Night Television
'Solo: A Star Wars Story' Trailer Features Beastie Boys Classic
5 Seconds of Summer Debut New Song And Announce Tour Dates
The Weeknd Saved Oprah at Ellen's 60th Birthday Party
Blake Shelton, Brad Paisley, Brantley Gilbert Lead Watershed Lineup
Janelle Monae Streams New Single 'Make Me Feel'
Miranda Lambert Shares What She Is Doing On Tour Break With Fans
Miley Cyrus Hangs Out With Olympic Gold Medalist Shaun White
Adam Levine and Behati Prinsloo Share First Photo of New Baby
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Quincy Jones Apologizes for Shocking Interview Comments
Ed Sheeran Addresses Secret Marriage Rumors
Maroon 5 Headlining NFL Hall of Fame Legends Concert
Austin Mahone Holding Benefit For School Shooting Survivors
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Kesha Releases 'Praying' and 'We R Who We R' Live Videos
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text:
Marianne & Tom: A Family Fete
I think children often get an unfair reputation as being bad wedding guests. Yes, they can be noisy, sticky, smelly, and squirmy. But kids can also add a beautiful perspective to the wedding day. Their sweet innocence and honesty can make for some of the best, most memorable moments. I was recently reminded of this fact on a beautiful Saturday morning this past September.
Marianne and Tom not only had the important title of "bride and groom" that day, but counted themselves lucky enough to be "mom and dad" as well. They are parents to three of the sweetest kids I have ever met --- the kind of kids that make me think that maybe this parenting thing isn't so bad. That morning, instead of sipping mimosas, Marianne was coloring and tying shoe laces. Instead of talking about how their day was all about them, Marianne and Tom purposely made the day all about their family.
When their 3-year old twins came walking down the aisle (taking a few breaks to check out the scenery, squash a bug, and say hi to grandma), hearts melted. When it came time for the vows, no one was phased when their gorgeous daughter excitedly jumped up and grabbed daddy's leg. And during their brunch a few pancakes may have flown across the room. It wasn't always flawless or smooth, but the day was absolutely perfect.
Below are a couple of my favorite family moments, captured perfectly by Pamela Scott Photography...
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Product Description
A new paperback edition of the first book by the bestselling author of A History of the World in 6 Glasses–the fascinating story of the telegraph, the world's first "Internet," which revolutionized the nineteenth century even more than the Internet has the twentieth and twenty first.
The Victorian Internet tells the colorful story of the telegraph's creation and remarkable impact, and of the visionaries, oddballs, and eccentrics who pioneered it, from the eighteenth-century French scientist Jean-Antoine Nollet to Samuel F. B. Morse and Thomas Edison. The electric telegraph nullified distance and shrank the world quicker and further than ever before or since, and its story mirrors and predicts t… More >>
Price: $4.99
More info click link : The Victorian Internet: The Remarkable Story of the Telegraph and the Nineteenth Century's On-line Pioneers


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saip106 - On The Shoulders of Giants
On The Shoulders of Giants (10 points)
Reference 25 assemblies. Hey, why should you write it if someone else already did?
Completed Jan 20, 2012 at 6:32AM (UTC-08:00).
Visual Studio Achievements
Earn achievements while you code! With Visual Studio Achievements, you will unlock various achievements based on your activity.


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A Child's View of Grief
Helping Your Child Endure a Loss
By Ken Doka, Ph. D.
Ever since four-year-old Tommy's younger brother died of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Tommy has regressed. Once toilet trained, he now often has accidents both in pre-school and during the night. He continually fusses at bedtime – most nights ending up in his parent's bed.
Seven-year-old Tiesha's friend recently died in a car accident. Tiesha's parents thought it would be too upsetting, so they did not let her go to the funeral, even though Tiesha wished to attend. Tiesha's questions about her friend's death trouble her parents. They simply do not know how to respond to questions of how her friend looked, what she felt, and the innumerable questions about heaven. Last night they were deeply disturbed when they found Tiesha pretending that one of her dolls had died.
Sarah, now approaching her teen years, has been getting into considerable trouble after her grandmother's death. Sarah was very close to her grandmother who babysat her a great deal when she was a preschooler. Her father's reminder that her grandmother would be so disappointed in her behavior sent Sarah into a frightening rage.
When ten-year-old Mark's dad died, Mark showed little emotion. That did not surprise his mother. She and Mark's dad had been divorced for six years, and Mark has had little contact with his father. Mark, always a loner, has become more isolated in recent months and his grades are now slipping.
A number of years ago a psychologist, Robert Kastenbaum, authored an article for Saturday Review entitled, "The Kingdom Where Nobody Dies." Dr. Kastenbaum's point was that we, as adults, often like to envision childhood as that kingdom where nobody dies. We want to protect children from harsh realities such as death. We avoid discussing death with children, use euphemisms such as "sleeping" or "passed away" to describe death, and do everything we can to minimize a child's contact with death and dying.
Yet as these brief vignettes illustrate, all our efforts fail. Much as we would wish otherwise, children constantly face loss and death. Grandparents, and even parents and siblings, die. Friends may face accidents or illnesses. Children, in fact, have a wide range of relationships – teachers, coaches, clergy, neighbors, relatives, and parents of friends are all part of their worlds. It is unrealistic to expect that in this web of relations, death will not intrude. Many may have pets – animals they deeply treasure who may one day die. Most children have a significant encounter with death prior to adolescence.
Death intrudes in other ways, too. More than ever, children are exposed to death and loss through television, newspapers, radio, and the Internet. Movies and video games, no matter how much we monitor them, frequently expose children to images, often gory, of dying and death. Even children's books, nursery rhymes, songs and jokes may have themes of death and loss. Think, for example, of "Harry Potter," "The Lion King," "Bambi," or "Charlotte's Web."
We cannot protect children from death and loss. We can, though, help children deal with death.
Here we try to describe ways that children and adolescents understand death and experience grief. And, we offer sound suggestions for assisting children and teenagers as they cope with dying, death, loss, and grief.
This article is intended for all who are there for grieving children and adolescents – especially their parents and teachers. For even more difficult than dealing with death, especially for a child, is dealing with death alone.
A Child's View of Death
From birth, children are constantly growing. This development is not only physical but also mental, emotional, social, and spiritual. As children grow, their ability to understand death and handle grief changes as well.
Death is a very difficult concept for children to master. Years ago, we used to try to find an age when children could be expected to fully know what death was. We now recognize that children are all different, not only in their abilities, but in their experiences. A better question simply is: What is a child struggling with as that child grapples with the concept of death?
For some children, it is the universality of death that they find difficult to understand – that all living things will someday die. They may struggle with death's unpredictability. I remember as a young boy hearing that another child, not much older than me, had died of cancer. "I thought," as I questioned my parents, "that only old people died?"
Children may also try to comprehend the irreversibility of death. Once at a funeral of her grandmother, a four-year-old granddaughter kept asking her mother "when Grandma was coming home." Her mother would softly answer that Grandma was dead. After repeated questions the child stated, "I know grandma is dead. When will she stop being dead?" For a child, this comment makes perfect sense. We are away, and we come home. We are sick and we get well. Why can't we stop being dead?
Children also struggle with the fact that when we are dead, we no longer function. They may ask questions about how a person will now eat or sleep or watch television. They may try to understand how all they have been told and taught really works. When Grandma is in heaven will she call me on my birthday? Can she send gifts from heaven? If she can watch me from heaven, does this mean she can see me when I shower or use the toilet? Children also may grapple with questions of cause – wondering if their bad thoughts or angry words may have caused the death.
In short, we need to carefully listen to the questions that young children ask to understand what they are struggling with and what might cause fear and concern. However, it is important for us to remember two things. Even though young children may find it difficult to understand death, they are trying to make sense of their world. Although children may not fully understand death, even the youngest children react to the separation that death inevitably brings.
Children are not just developing mentally; they are growing in other ways too. Children, as they age, develop emotionally. Young children have a short feeling span. This means that they sustain strong emotions for only a short period of time. Their times of sadness are like summer thunderstorms – short but intense. It is not unusual for young children to cry bitterly in hearing of a death only to be happily playing moments later. Their periods of sadness come and go.
Children also develop socially. Young children are egocentric – viewing relationships from their own perspectives. For example, a six-year-old son, just told his beloved grandfather died, burst into tears shouting, "Who is going to take me fishing now?" His father thought he had sired a young heartless monster. In truth, it was a normal response for a young boy. As children grow, they develop more empathy – understanding the many ways that deaths affect all those around them. That same child, five years later, could now hug his mother when his aunt died consoling her. "I miss Aunt Maureen so much – but she was your sister."
Finally children develop spiritually. Children are spiritual pioneers – trying to understand and make sense of their beliefs and their world. When a young child holds a dead bird and asks, "Why?", the child is asking a profoundly spiritual question. Unlike adults, they are explorers since they have not yet fully developed beliefs that offer an answer.
This development continues through adolescence. Adolescents, too, struggle with the concept of death. We often speak of the three "I's" of adolescence – intimacy, identity, and independence. As adolescents age they grapple with intimacy moving through close friendships, first crushes, and romantic involvements. Adolescents wrestle with identity – trying to find who they are, what they believe, where they fit. And adolescents seek to be more independent, to do things on their own. Death emerges as the ultimate threat – ending intimacy, obliterating independence, and challenging newfound independence.
Adolescence is also a time when young people face significant separations. They part with childhood friends, give up their toys, and experience their first break-ups. When adolescents do experience death – especially the death of a friend or peer, it is likely to be both sudden and violent – the result of an accident or suicide. It is little wonder that the theme of death plays out so prominently in adolescent music, video games, books, and movies.
Understanding how children and adolescents view death is the first step in helping them deal with loss and grief. It is their view of death that will shape the experience of grief.
The Child and Adolescent's Experience of Grief
Children and adolescents experience grief similar to and yet different from the ways adults grieve. Like adults, children and adolescents experience grief in many ways – physically, emotionally, cognitively, behaviorally, and spiritually.
Children often may experience grief in very physical ways – stomachaches, headaches, and other complaints of pain and illness. While such physical manifestations of grief are common to all who grieve, they are often especially common to children. Sometimes children have a hard time expressing their grief, so it "converts" or comes out as physical complaints. My head hurts. I don't feel well. In addition, many times children may interpret the physical manifestations of emotions as physical discomfort. The anxious feeling in the pit of the stomach when the child is afraid is explained as a stomachache. Most importantly, physical complaints tell adults that the child needs care – a hug, attention, or a time to rest in the support of a trusted adult.
It is helpful then to monitor the child's health as he or she deals with loss. The physical complaints of the child may offer insight and provide opportunities to show the child valued support. And although grief can be often manifested in physical reactions, it is important to always take these complaints seriously. If the child's complaints are persistent, a physician – who understands that the child has experienced a loss – should examine the child. Remember in stressful times, such as during a loss, our ability to resist illness is lessened.
Children, again like adults, experience a full range of emotions. Depending on their age, children may not be able to name the emotions they are experiencing and may even be frightened by their intensity.
Sadness, loneliness, and yearning for the person who died are common expressions of grief. Children may also feel angry at the loss – striking out at others in their rage and frustration. They may experience guilt – wondering if the death is a punishment for something they said or thought or feeling bad about the ways they behaved or the things they might have said to the person who died. Children may even feel jealous or envious of others who did not experience such a loss. Eight-year-old Daryl felt such feelings whenever another child's mother chaperoned a class trip. To Daryl it was a vivid reminder of all the ways the death of his Mom changed his life.
Like adults, children's feelings can be complicated. They may have mixed or ambivalent feelings about the loss – even experiencing a sense of relief at the death. This can happen for a number of reasons. For example, for some children the illness of others may affect their own lives. As much as Sharon loved her grandmother, she missed her mother who was constantly traveling to take care of her dying parent. Her grandmother's death meant her mother would now be home. For others the experience of sickness or the behavior or relationship with the person who died may not be positive. Ron only knew his grandmother since she had moved in from Florida with dementia. In the four years she had lived there, she continually frightened him with her strange behavior and unusual outbursts.
Grief also affects our cognitive processes – the ways we think. Children may find it difficult to concentrate. They may be preoccupied by the death and easily distracted. They may find it hard to focus on schoolwork, and grades may suffer as a result. In some ways the cognitive effects of grief – difficulties in concentration, easily distracted – can mimic learning disabilities.
Children may have spiritual questions as well. They may wonder why the death occurred. Children may question why the person they loved died – their parents and themselves now suffer with their sadness and grief. Children may struggle in understanding their spiritual beliefs. They may even be angry or fearful of God. Children also may dream about the person who died and struggle to make sense of such experiences.
Grief affects behavior as well – often in very different ways. Some children may avoid reminders of the deceased person while others want to speak about them, look at photographs and even hear music they associate with the person. It is common for children to cry or become withdrawn. Other children may deal with their grief by constant activity. Others may become cross and ill tempered. Young children may use play as a way to make sense of the loss. They may play at being in a hospital, dying or even at funerals. When Stokes' father died in combat, Stokes often played with his toy soldiers – even re-enacting the way that he thought his father may have died and the military funeral that Stokes witnessed.
Play is one of the ways that children's grief may take different forms than we may find in adults. Children also may express their grief in other ways. They may show regressive behaviors – that is, they revert to earlier behaviors that were seemingly outgrown. The child may return to thumb sucking or become very clingy. There may be sleep disturbances. The child who used to sleep alone may now wish to sleep in the parents' bed. The child may have nightmares or wake up frequently during the night.
Children may act out as well. They seem to get into fights or arguments more frequently. Their behavior in the house or in school may deteriorate. Lacking concentration and focus they have more accidents – dropping and spilling things or falling or banging into objects.
There may be other changes, too – activities that once were of interest now no longer engage the child. Sometimes this may be due simply to the child's development – growing new interests as he or she discards other activities. In other cases, though, it may be a consequence of loss. Sandy, for example, no longer fishes. Fishing was an activity she associated with her beloved grandfather. Fishing without him is just "too sad."
Like adults, children often experience grief as a roller coaster – full of ups and downs, times when they are doing better, and times when they are not doing so well. Often, like a roller coaster, it is not the very start of the ride that is the worst. In the period right after the loss, we are often in shock. In addition, there may be much activity following the death – funerals and events that need to be attended. Moreover in this period, we receive much support – everyone seems so concerned.
It is often later, that the loss begins to be fully experienced. Others are not as present. We now have to live with the absence of a person who once meant so much. Holidays, birthdays, and other special days, such as the anniversary of the death, may be days when grief seems to surge. Celebratory days such as graduations, confirmations, communions, and Bar or Bat Mitzvahs may have a bittersweet quality now that a person so loved is missing.
Over time, the roller coaster ebbs. Generally for most, the pain of the loss lessens, and we are able to function as we once did. We still may have moments, though, special times when our experience of grief surges – perhaps at some milestone or event where we deeply feel the absence of the person who died.
While children follow this same type of pattern in their grief, there may be a few differences. Very young children, for example, are not able to understand death fully. As they age, they may begin to comprehend different dimensions of their loss – moving into more intense moments of grief. Kyle was like that. His dad died when he was 3 years old. He missed his father deeply at the time. As Kyle turned 7, he began to ask a lot of questions about his dad's death. Often he would become sad, even crying a few nights as he fell asleep.
All grief, whether of children or adults, is very individual. Each person grieves in his or her own way. Part of this will be influenced by very individual factors such as the child's age and developmental level, the child's previous experience with loss, and his or her general physical and mental health.
The experience of grief also will be affected by the child's relationship with the person who died. What role did the person have in the child's life? The way the person died has an influence as well. Was the death sudden or after a long illness? When did the child last see the person? What was the child's experience of any illness? Was the child able to attend the funeral? How does the child understand the death?
In addition, a range of other factors may influence the way that the child responds to loss. How much support is the child receiving – at home, at school, and from friends? This is a major factor as studies have shown that when others around the child – especially parents – are coping well, the child is likely to do well. When parents are not dealing effectively with the loss, the importance of other support – from extended family, other supportive adults and peers is crucial.
What other supports does the child have? Is the child involved in counseling or support groups? In what ways are the child's religious and spiritual beliefs influencing his or her understanding of death and grief? How are cultural beliefs and practices shaping the child's grief?
Adolescents may have particular difficulties as they grieve. Many adolescents strive to fit in with their peers. For many, a death singles them out. Kieran felt that way. After the death of his dad, the 14-year-old would get embarrassed whenever his friends mentioned his loss. In addition, many adolescents may be reluctant to reach out for support. Trying to be independent, they may avoid family, not wish schoolteachers or counselors to mention the death, and avoid discussing the loss with friends. Often they feel isolated in their grief.
Moreover, as adolescents struggle with their identity, they often question their prior beliefs. The spiritual and religious beliefs that supported them in childhood may be less available now.
While most adolescents will experience grief in the same physical, emotional, cognitive, spiritual, and behavioral ways as other age groups, some may have more complicating and troubling reactions. Some adolescents may act out their grief in aggressive or even delinquent behaviors. Other adolescents may cope by turning to alcohol or illegal drugs. A few may act out their grief in risky sexual behaviors. Grief may even be a factor in eating disorders.
One major way that adolescents may seek support is through the Internet. Over 93 percent of teenagers report using the Internet. The Internet can offer information on grief as well as opportunities to memorialize online the person who died. Adolescents may "blog" or write about their grief in their own entries. They may even find support from other adolescents online.
Yet, the Internet carries certain dangers as well. The information offered may not always be accurate. Online support groups may lack professional supervision and even be unsupportive. In fact, participation in Internet support may make the adolescent less prone to seek support from more suitable sources.
There can be other dangers as well. The anonymity of the Internet magnifies the possibility that the comments of others – in support and in blogs – may be hateful, harmful or denigrating. In addition, there is, of course, the danger that predators may seek to contact vulnerable, grieving adolescents.
Parents and other adults such as counselors need to create an ongoing dialog with adolescents about the ways that they are using the Internet. It is always useful to ask adolescents what they have learned about grief from the Internet and the ways they are using the net to find support.
How to Help
The Value of Funerals and Memorials
Before history, there was ritual. Some of the earliest pre-historical ruins bare mute testimony to the careful funeral rituals that accompanied death. There is good reason for that. Research has emphasized how funerals, memorials, and other rituals offer powerful therapeutic value as we cope with loss. Funerals confirm the painful reality of the death – moving us beyond the natural desire to deny that truth. These funeral rituals assist us in expressing feelings, exchanging memories, and validating the life of the person who died. They bring together family and friends – offering the bereaved the support of others and reminding family, even in the midst of loss, of a caring community that offers sustenance. Spiritually, funerals offer a message of hope – reminding mourners of the ways that faith speaks to their grief.
These are powerful benefits that hold not only for adults but also for children. So it is critical that children should not be discouraged from attending funeral rituals but rather allowed to make choices on the ways that the child wishes to be involved. That right should be given to children once they are old enough to sit through a short service and are able to communicate their wishes and desires.
In order to make meaningful choices, children first need information. If a child has never attended a funeral ritual before, it is important to explain to the child what he or she might experience, see, or hear. They should know that some people might be crying because they are sad, while others may even laugh as they share funny memories of the person who died. Younger children may have particular questions about the tangible things that they see such as a casket or flowers. One little girl worried about all the flowers around her grandmother since she was very aware of her grandmother's allergies. Funeral directors may have books and materials that can help parents and children understand the funeral. They would certainly be willing to show the child the viewing room prior to the visitation and patiently answer any of the child's questions.
Children also need choices. Funerals are really many events that may take place over a couple of days. There may be a visitation or wake, a funeral service, and an interment at the cemetery. Children should have the choice as to whether they wish to attend all or only some of these events – or even if they wish to attend at all. If the child is not present, the choice should be to stay with a friend or family member with whom they feel comfortable.
Finally, and in many ways most importantly, children need support. There should be one person at the funeral whose basic role is to support each child. If the parents are intimately involved in the funeral, they are unlikely to be able to provide that constant support. This person should be ready to answer the child's questions, and if necessary, to provide respite – taking the child for a walk, for example, should the child need to leave the event for a time.
Children should not only have a choice as to whether to attend the ritual – they should have a choice in planning and participating in the rituals if they wish. Karla, a 14-year-old girl, so much appreciated the chance to read a poem she composed when her aunt died. Ten-year-old Anthony felt so proud that his mother allowed him to select the casket for his Dad from her final choices. Even young children can play a role. Byron, even at four years old, was so proud as he distributed flowers to mourners for a final ritual goodbye at the cemetery. And his great-grandmother was deeply comforted since his presence reflected the many generations of family there to honor and to validate her husband's life. These opportunities to participate in the planning or the ritual itself enhance the therapeutic value for children. As the Harvard
Child Bereavement Study indicated, children who participated in the planning of the funeral felt both important and useful at an otherwise overwhelming time.
Rituals need not end after the funeral. Rituals remain powerful ways to mark the continuing bond that the child feels with the person who died. Simple rituals like visiting the cemetery or lighting a candle on special occasions, such as a birthday or an anniversary of the death offers both children and their parents an opportunity to share memories and to grieve together. These ongoing rituals reinforce the fact that even death cannot break the connection with the deceased.
Keeping Communication Open
Throughout the period of a loss – whether during the illness, the time of death, the funeral, or after the funeral – it is critical to keep communication open. Only by doing so can we truly understand the ways that the child is experiencing grief, allay any fears the child may have, and support the child in his or her grief journey.
Keeping communication open means responding to the child's questions in clear and honest ways. We need to make sure we fully understand the question. The question "Are you going to die Mommy?" may not be a request for reaffirming mortality but rather the child asking for reassurance that he or she will not be abandoned. Two rules can help here. The first rule is to always understand the context of the question. Gee, that is an interesting question, what made you ask that? Such a question helps clarify the child's concerns or fears. Then always answer in a way that is honest but also keeps the conversation going. A simple yes or no leaves little room for further discussion. A response like Most people live until they are old, even old enough to see your children or grand children – that's why Mommy always buckles her seatbelt and stopped smoking so she could live, I hope, a long life, is both truthful and reassuring.
It is also helpful to be direct. The romantic stories we may weave and the euphemisms that we use might only frighten and confuse the child. Telling a child that someone who is dead is asleep can make a child anxious at bedtime. Saying that Dad was so good that God wanted him in heaven may lead a child to behave in a way that does not lead to such an invitation. It is best to give simple, honest, and direct answers appropriate to the child's developmental level. If you do not have an answer, it is good to simply say so. I do not know why Grandma had to die. I miss her – what do you miss most about her? Such a response both answers honestly and keeps the conversation going.
Model Grief
As children cope with their grief, they can learn as we model how we deal with our own grief. Sharing our feelings with the child reassures children that their feelings are normal and natural. Sometimes I miss your dad so much. I am sad, even angry at times, that he is not here to see how well you did in the game tonight. Such statements can validate the child's feelings and empower the child to talk about the ways he or she is feeling. We need to let children share when they are ready though. We should never believe that only if the child expresses sadness or other feelings they will surmount grief or try to force the child to respond emotionally.
We can share our faith, too. Our religious and spiritual beliefs help us to deal with crises and loss. The best way to impart those beliefs to a child is to model them – to show the child how these beliefs help us as we deal with loss. I am crying because I miss Grandma, but I am comforted that she is now in heaven.
While we can share our feelings and our faith, we need not share our anxieties and worries, especially if the child does not ask. It does little good, for example, to share financial worries with a child who may neither be able to understand fully those fears or be able to help. Instead reinforce the message that no matter how tough things may get, we will survive and stay together.
Assist children as they try to understand and acknowledge the loss
Children may struggle with trying both to understand and acknowledge the loss.
It is difficult, even for adults, to really understand and accept that someone we love will no longer be in our lives. This is even more difficult for children since they may struggle, at least in the younger ages, with understanding death. It is even made more difficult when adults in an effort to be a protective shield for the child from the death use words such as passed away or sleeping that may further confuse the child.
Adults can help children in a number of ways. The first is to involve the children in making comfortable choices, throughout the illness. Let children clearly understand that someone is very ill. Visits to the hospital or home of the person may help the child to really understand the seriousness of the illness and may cushion the shock when the person dies. Naturally, the earlier rules governing choice should apply. Children should have information, options, and support. Adults should carefully address any questions aroused by such visits.
The funeral, too, is an important event that helps reinforce the reality of the loss. Again, children should be given choices about what parts of the ritual they wish to participate in, as well as being supported throughout the event.
In addition, adults should communicate clearly with the child – using terms such as dead, death, and dying. Patiently answer any questions the child may have. Realize that as children age, their understanding of death deepens. We can educate children through conversation and resources such as books about experiences and reactions that are common in grief. Over time, they may continue to have questions. Keep the dialogue open. Remember, too, that their play, drawings and writings may offer clues and opportunities to dialogue. Kevin was seven when his Mom died. As a teenager, the rap songs he wrote often carried references to his mother's death. This became an opportunity for both Kevin and his father to continue to speak of his Mom and the effect that her early death had on the boy.
Assist children in processing their feelings
As with adults, death arouses many emotions in children. Some like anger and sadness may be easily visible; others such as guilt may be more hidden. Like adults, children may have to process and express these feelings. This can be difficult for a number of reasons.
Young children may have both a short feeling span – where strong feelings are tolerated for only a short time – and a limited vocabulary that allows them to interpret and express their emotions. Adolescents may be defensive about their feelings – afraid that displays of emotions may show them to be vulnerable. Children also may wish to protect the adults around them from the rawness of their feelings, afraid of what it might set off in others. Gina, for example, tried to protect her mother. Whenever I would cry for Grammy, my mom would start to cry. So I try not to cry at home. Children and adolescents may be confused or ashamed of some of the more complex and ambivalent emotions. Ty, for example, was ashamed that he resented the fact that he had to share a room when his ill grandfather came to live with the family. The time of that illness was a tense, stressful time for the entire family. Nonetheless, Ty always felt ashamed that one of the emotions he experienced at his grandfather's death was a sense of relief that things would now go back to normal.
Explain to children that feelings are just that – feelings. These emotions are not easily controlled. The feelings we have, even the complex and ambivalent ones, are normal. They need to be shared and accepted.
Certain times of the year may be particularly difficult. Holidays, anniversaries, birthdays, and other occasions may be times when feelings of loneliness and grief become particularly strong. Adults can reassure children that their feelings are natural in such occasions and perhaps even plan a small ritual that acknowledges and focuses the grief and allows for conversation. Even after Granddad died, there is always a gift under the tree from him to the family. It is a way for the family to express their continued gratitude and remember him during the holidays.
Sometimes children may need to be reassured. As children openly express their emotions, adults can help them confront and process fears that are unrealistic. Tasha was worried that she might have the same disease as her sister, but her parents were able to explain that while her sister had a genetic disease, Tasha was tested and would not have the disease. His parents reassured Billy that his grandmother's death had no connection to his own earlier bout with the flu.
Support groups and counselors can be helpful when adults are struggling so much with their own feelings that they feel they cannot be there for their child. It is also important to remember that children's emotions are as unique as adults. In many cases children may process their emotions in expressive and active ways and have little need for adult intervention. We should be open to the child's expression of feelings. We need not force feelings upon or out of the child.
Adjust to a life now changed from the loss
Whenever someone dies, our world changes. In some cases, such as the death of a parent or sibling, the changes may be great – the child may have to move to a new neighborhood. In other cases, the changes may be subtler. Holidays, for example, may no longer be spent at Grandma's.
These changes can be difficult for children since they have little control over them and perhaps cannot completely understand their necessity. Again dialogue and conversation help. Adults can validate the child's feelings about changes. It is different and difficult not to go to Grandma's house for the holidays. Sometimes a simple question such as what would you wish to change if you had a magic wand? can create a dialogue with children over the changes they are struggling with and experiencing.
If possible, introduce changes slowly into the life of the child. For example, about a year and a half after her husband died, Rita began to date again. She introduced her new boyfriend to her adolescent children carefully. She first began to speak to them about the fact that she might date again, reassuring them that she would always remember and love their late father. When she did begin to date, her new boyfriend, Steve, met her adolescent children over a family dinner. On occasion, they scheduled activities where the children could join them. Even after Rita and Steve were married, Steve carefully cultivated his relationship with the children – respecting their feelings for their Dad.
When losses involve substantial changes, it is important to bring children and adolescents into the planning process. This helps them have a sense of control over the events that are occurring. Even choices within a decision might lessen the blow of change. For example, if a child has to move, it can help to involve them meaningfully in selecting their next home or apartment.
Continue to remember the person who died
We never stop remembering or loving a person – even when that individual dies. Our connection with that person continues, although now in a different way. Children and adolescents may be frightened that once their grief diminishes they may no longer remember the person they loved. Many times children need opportunities to be reassured that they will always remember that person.
Sometimes these memories can intrude painfully. For example, Leslie was deeply upset that her grandmother would not be at her first communion. In such moments, it is important for parents or other adults to reassure children that such feelings are normal and natural. Perhaps the parent even might create a moment within or around the event to specifically remember or honor the person who died.
Sharing stories and remembrances strengthens the reality that the individual remains in our lives. Reminiscing about the person assures that the legacy of their presence will always be preserved. Visiting the memorial, creating photo albums or "memory boxes" allows opportunities to retell stories and reminds children of the continuing bond that is still retained.
Help children make sense of the loss
Children and adolescents will often try to make sense of the loss. Like adults they will often question why the person they loved died, why now, or why in that way. This struggle can be particularly intense for children. Younger children may lack the ability to fully understand the death. Even when children understand the how they may struggle with the why. Younger children may still be developing their spirituality while older children and adolescents may question their spiritual beliefs in the face of a difficult and incomprehensible loss.
These questions provide opportunities for parents and other supportive adults to share their spiritual stories and beliefs as well as the activities that help them confront the loss. It is acceptable as well to share our own struggle as we seek to find some sense of meaning in the event.
Utilize Resources
We need not do this alone. In recent years, a number of resources have become available to assist children and adolescents as they cope with loss.
There are now many books to help children and adolescents cope with loss and grief. Some books like "Lifetimes: A Beautiful Way to Explain Death to Children" or "When Dinosaurs Die: A Guide to Understanding Death" are very general books that introduce children to the nature of death. Others such as "Mama's Going to Heaven Soon" or "Where Is Grandpa?" deal with specific types of loss.
Books can be helpful for a number of reasons. They can reassure children that their experiences of grief are normal. Books can offer children suggestions for coping with the common problems of loss. Most importantly, books can provide reassurance that the painful reactions they are experiencing will subside.
Naturally, it is critical that books be selected for a child based on the child's appropriate reading level as well as the context of the book – the message we wish to convey. Books should always be evaluated before they are given to the child or adolescent. They are never a substitute for conversation but a conversational aide. Reading together or discussing what was read can offer an opportunity for children to share their experiences and reactions with parents and other supportive adults. Local or school libraries, as well as bookstores or the Internet, are good sources for such literature. Some funeral homes as well might have such books as part of their Grief Resource Library.
Grief Groups or Grief Camps
Children and adolescents may benefit from Grief Support Groups as well. Grief groups like books can normalize the experience of grief, offer suggestions for coping, and nurture hope. In addition, grief groups connect children and adolescents who have had the common experience of a significant loss – building supportive networks. This is particularly important for adolescents who now have a network of peers who will not ostracize them but who can share their loss.
Some groups may even offer summer camp programs that are either day or sleep away programs. These provide many of the same benefits although in a more intensive format. Some camp programs may be generally open to the children and adolescents from the community while others may be restricted to those that have participated in groups.
Children's Grief Centers, schools, or local hospices may offer grief support groups or camps. School guidance counselors, hospice bereavement coordinators, and funeral directors also may sponsor or refer to local groups and camps.
Some children and adolescents may benefit from individual counseling. This often can be helpful when the loss was very traumatic or the relationship with the person who died was very ambivalent or conflicted. Certainly behaviors following a loss that are self-destructive or destructive of others or when the child seems to have great difficulty in resuming previous patterns of behavior – for example giving up once treasured activities or failing in school – merit evaluation from a trained counselor. Again hospices, funeral directors, or the Association of Death Education and Counseling or, for younger children, the Association for Play Therapy, are excellent sources for referrals.
Take Care!
Remember though, the best thing that adults can offer grieving children and adolescents is good parental care. Especially when they are grieving, children and adolescents need the same things that they always need – a consistent, loving, and stable environment. They need to continue to have positive experiences within the family – family celebrations, trips, and rituals.
If our grief is overwhelming, there is little we can offer to our children. We need to seek support for ourselves – from friends and family – and if needed from support groups and counselors so we can function effectively. Only then can our children thrive – even as they cope with death, grief, and loss.
About the Author
Dr. Kenneth J. Doka is a Professor of Gerontology at the Graduate School of The College of New Rochelle and Senior Consultant to the Hospice Foundation of America. A prolific author, Dr. Doka's 24 books include Living with Grief: Children and Adolescents; Living with Grief: Before and After Death; Living with Grief: Coping with Public Tragedy; Men Don't Cry, Women Do: Transcending Gender Stereotypes of Grief; and Disenfranchised Grief: New Directions, Challenges, and Strategies for Practice. In addition to these books, he has published over 100 articles and book chapters. Dr. Doka is editor of both Omega: The Journal of Death and Dying and Journeys: A Newsletter for the Bereaved.
Dr. Doka was elected President of the Association for Death Education and Counseling in 1993. In 1995, he was elected to the Board of Directors of the International Work Group on Dying, Death and Bereavement and served as chair from 1997-1999. The Association for Death Education and Counseling presented him with an Award for Outstanding Contributions in the Field of Death Education in 1998. In 2000, Scott and White presented him an award for Outstanding Contributions to Thanatology and Hospice. His Alma Mater, Concordia College, presented him with their first Distinguished Alumnus Award. In 2006, Dr. Doka was grandfathered in as a Mental Health Counselor under NY State's first licensure of counselors.
Dr. Doka has keynoted conferences throughout North America as well as Europe, Asia, Australia and New Zealand. He participates in the annual Hospice Foundation of America Teleconference and has appeared on CNN and Nightline. In addition he has served as a consultant to medical, nursing, funeral service and hospice organizations as well as businesses and educational and social service agencies. Dr. Doka is an ordained Lutheran minister.
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SYDNEY – The object of the game's latest international obsession appeared on the right side of the lumbering two-story Qantas aircraft, some 14 hours after a bobcat mascot and his new pal, a misshapen kangaroo character wearing a red Qantas half-shirt (midriff exposed) and boozy eyeholes, had waved it off.
Maybe "obsession" is too strong. Curiosity maybe. Is there money to be made here? Athletes to farm? Relationships to nurture? Would anybody here care that Clayton Kershaw is the best in the world at this sort of thing? That Yasiel Puig is likely to do anything … twice? That Paul Goldschmidt is so good, so sound, so ridiculously decent as to be overlooked, which is why he is becoming a superstar?
[Also: Why the trade to Texas suits Prince Fielder just fine]
Depending on the source, baseball rates here somewhere after cricket, rugby and Aussie rules football, and somewhere before, maybe, recreational darts, depending on the stakes. Baseball being baseball, God bless its romantic soul, it will leap oceans to deliver its message, which is, in a nutshell, I'm not as plodding and complicated as you think I am.
With that, the Arizona Diamondbacks and a traveling party that filled five buses departed from Phoenix on Sunday night and crept into Sydney on Tuesday morning. They'd missed wholly St. Patrick's Day, which went pffft at the international dateline, though in the course of a long night the occasional green beer did totter through the economy cabin. (In a bitter coincidence, the Diamondbacks also lost their best pitcher – a man by the name of Patrick Corbin – to an elbow injury as it approached the same spot. Also, St. Patrick was fabled to have rid Ireland of snakes, and now the day named for him was rid of Diamondbacks. Conspiracies abound.)
There is perhaps no better time to come upon an unfamiliar city than at dawn, and from above, with orange rising in a distant sky. It also occurs to a weary passenger that after a half-day's journey with no land in sight, the pilot might be excused for musing to himself, "Found it again. Cool."
Down there somewhere, on a converted cricket ground, the Diamondbacks would begin their season. The Los Angeles Dodgers were a few hours behind, seemingly dragging their feet. This has always felt like an adventure for the Diamondbacks and a burden to the Dodgers. So, in the winged Qantas apartment complex, a light cheer went up when the first officer announced touch down in Sydney, and then some murmuring when he added context, that it was "Tuesday the 18th … of March," because at that point there was no telling.
Led by the owner and the president and the general manager, accessorized by wives and significant others, the Diamondbacks went by bus to their hotel, then by bus for a tour of the city, then by bus to the Sydney Cricket Ground, where they'd hold a light workout, because the ruin of the time and distance traveler is the siren call of the nap. (They talk of naps here like they do crack in the States; one whiff and before long you're on a park bench eyeing pigeons for lunch.)
That and the realization one's cell phone has no idea where it is and, furthermore, wants nothing to do with wherever it is, and in that way totally gets where the Dodgers are coming from.
Anyway, the folks at Major League Baseball took a look at this delightful city on the southeast coast of Australia, its nearly five million inhabitants, and figured there must be baseball fans there. And beyond. About a year and a half ago, the league approached the ever-peppy Diamondbacks, who eagerly agreed to the roadie. The Dodgers went along. For a few hours over one weekend baseball will take its shot here, in a country that has produced 27 major-league players in the past century. We're talking Grant Balfour and Graeme Lloyd and Peter Moylan and Craig Shipley, who is assistant to Diamondbacks general manager Kevin Towers, and Ryan Rowland-Smith, a non-roster invitee in Diamondbacks camp.
The iconic Sydney Cricket Ground, for the uninitiated, was raised in the mid-19th Century. Today, it's half Churchill Downs, a quarter Veterans Stadium, a quarter ESPN signage, and all national treasure. They moved thousands of tons of earth and sod, shipped from San Diego more than 200 tons of special clay for the basepaths and mound, and on Saturday they'll play the first regular-season major-league game on Australian soil – 400 to dead center and 328 down the lines.
Sydney-born Rowland-Smith came here as a boy, sat in these seats, and watched the national games. They were wonderful enough.
"But," he said, "I wanted to do something different."
He acquired a tape of the 1993 World Series, Toronto Blue Jays over the Philadelphia Phillies in six, which he watched until he'd memorized the lineups and the outcomes, discovering baseball that way. It was the only way.
"I was infatuated," he said.
By Sunday night he was on a flight home for a real baseball game. He'd wear a big-league uniform on this field, maybe even stand on a mound that few ever would have imagined would be there, and he'd be joined by tens of thousands of his countrymen.
Maybe some will be obsessed. Baseball hopes curious, at the very least.
More MLB coverage from Yahoo Sports:
- Sports & Recreation
- Baseball
- Qantas
- Arizona Diamondbacks
- Sydney Cricket Ground


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Mercedes-Benz 260 2.6 E 4dr
At some point this vehicle was damaged and written off by the insurer because it was uneconomical to repair.
The level of damage can vary depending on the vehicle's age and value, so Category D vehicles are often put back on the road.
This write off data was provided by a third party when the advert was placed. Please check all details with the seller. The write off category indicators are provided for your assistance, but the presence or absence of an indicator in an advert, should not be relied upon by you to indicate the status of a vehicle. You are strongly advised to obtain a full vehicle history check before making an offer on a vehicle. Auto Trader Limited, or its data supplier, will not accept liability for any information provided for this write off data.
** THIS CAR IS LOCATED AT POSTCODE LONDON N9 9DN **, Next MOT due 16/07/2018, …
Mercedes-Benz 260 2.6 E 4dr
1992 (J reg) Saloon
Arctic White, 2 OWNERS FROM NEW WITH ONLY 62,600 MILES....18 SERVICE STAMPS (MAIN …


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Sealed Envelope for WES
Sealed Envelope HEC Islamabad, SSC Board, or Intermediate Board from Pakistan is required when applying for work, study or immigration in USA, Canada or other countries. WES (World Education Services) also required the Degree and Transcripts attestation from HEC Islamabad, Pakistan for WES applicant need a set of HEC attested photocopies of degrees and transcripts of SSC board sealed envelope, Intermediate sealed envelope in sealed envelope from Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan.
For degree attestation from HEC Islamabad, provision of all original certificates is mandatory requirement (from matric to last degree). HEC never attest any degree or transcript, if any of your certificate is missing from sequential education or if there is any major mismatch in Names or other credentials.
HEC requirements for Degree Attestation or Sealed Envelope
1- Application Form (available on HEC online form)
2- Original SSC, HSSC, Bachelor Degree and Onward along with Result cards
3- Copy of CNIC or Passport
4- Equivalence of HEC in case of Bachelor or Master Degree, etc. from abroad
Authority letter duly attested by a Grade 17 officer for the authorized person.
Copy of the Computerized Identity Card of the Authorized person.
We can assist you in degree attestation from HEC Islamabad, Pakistan on urgent basis. HEC Islamabad or Attestation of Photocopies of your Degree & Transcripts from HEC Islamabad please contact us at: +92333 2418517 or submit an inquiry here.
Attestation of Educational Documents for WES (sealed envelopes)
We offers handling services for attestation of documents and sealed envelopes for World Education Services for
- Secondary Board Sealed Envelope for WES,
- Intermediate Board Sealed Envelope for WES,
- Punjab Board of Secondary Education Sealed Envelope for WES,
- Punjab Board of Higher Secondary Education Sealed Envelope for WES,
- Karachi University Sealed Envelope for WES,
- Punjab University Sealed Envelope for WES,
- Federal Board Sealed Envelopes for WES,
- HEC Sealed Envelopes for WES,
Please submit inquiry for your required institute sealed envelopes for World Education Services Canada & USA.


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Hi everyone !
I'm looking forward for advice for this situation :
I want to make a text file out of a document i want to print so All i would do is when using the printer it would write into a text file instead.
Thanx for advice...
Btw the applications i want to print from is in DOS.


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Just one day following the burglary at the Riverside Convenience Store in Dolores, one suspect was arrested by Montezuma County Sheriff's deputies.
On Jan. 16, the Riverside Convenience Store's owner, Tom Rowell, discovered the store's front door broken and packs of cigarettes and lottery tickets missing.
On Jan. 17, deputies were contacted by three convenience stores in Cortez when someone had cashed in the stolen lottery tickets.
After reviewing surveillance video from those stores and an initial interview, deputies arrested 22-year-old Christopher Owens on suspicion of second-degree burglary.


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- Home
- Golf professionals
- Matt Buckingham
Golf Professional Information
Matt Buckingham
About Matt Buckingham
My Services
Golf Lessons
Want to improve your putting or chipping?
I offer a range of lessons to help golfers of all levels improve their handicap.
Corporate Golf Days
It is said that more business is done on the golf course than in the office.
Help your business to develop with a corporate golf day!
Corporate Gifts
Need golf wear or gifts for a golf day or golf society?
I offer a wide range of golf shirts and accessories that can be branded with your logo.
Organised Golf Days
Looking to organise a golf society event, friendly golf day or special occasion?
I can help make your golf day a great success.
Coaching Breaks
Improve your game, whilst enjoying a break away!
Join one of my coaching breaks and play fantastic courses while developing your skills.
Club Fitting
Custom fitted golf clubs are as unique as you are.
Why not invest in a set of custom fitted clubs - you will notice the difference!
Gift Vouchers
Stuck for gift ideas for your friends or loved ones?
My golfing gift vouchers are the ideal solution.
Branded Clothing
Top quality golf shirts, caps and accessories from the world's biggest golf club!
Wide range of golf items branded with the Imagine Golf emblem.
Golf Holiday Properties
Need a hassle-free holiday or golfing break?
I can help you book a fantastic stay on some of the finest golf resorts in the world.
Golf Properties
Ever dreamed of owning a home on a stunning golf course?
I can help you find the perfect property in the ideal location
My Location
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The Latest Golf News and Tournament Scores
Latest NewsRSS Feed
Jimenez sets early target
Miguel Angel Jimenez gave himself another chance to become the European Tour's oldes...
HSBC: Golfers 'have a responsibility to their sponsors'
Rory McIlroy may be on a week off, but he remains in the news and at the centre of...
Big Changes Ahead for Doral
2012 marks the 50th anniversary of the famous Doral Golf Resort in Miami. Home of the...
European Tour Wraps Up in Dubai
The European Tour season culminates in the Dubai World Championship, where the best...
In the circle - exclusive blogsRSS Feed
Ryder Cup Dream Team
Dermot Gilleece picks his ideal European line-up
Posted January 02 2014 view comments
In the wake of an amazing triumph at Medinah, Lee Westwood suggested that the European team to defend the trophy at Gleneagles should be named on the basis of "nine spots, two picks plus Poults." With the event still nine months away, there will be no need of such an arrangement: the irrepressible Ian Poulter looks certain to be an automatic qualifier.


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Ship O FoolsEntertainment Magic Entertainers
Newcastle East, NSW 10-20 km from Fletcher
This business can travel to you.
Best match results for: CATEGORY = Magic Entertainment + LOCATION = Fletcher (2287)
Results include related kids activities and neighbouring locations.
Magic entertainment - greater than 5km from Fletcher (2287)
Newcastle East, NSW 10-20 km from Fletcher
This business can travel to you.
Other entertainment activities for kids - in and around Fletcher (2287) (within 5km)
31 Lister Avenue, Beresfield, NSW
This business can travel to you.
Level 1, 268 Turton Road, New Lambton, NSW 2305 2-5 km from Fletcher
A delightful space - my children love coming here and creating. The staff are friendly and helpful. Highly recommended.
Macquarie Rd, Cardiff, NSW 2285 2-5 km from Fletcher
Other entertainment activities for kids - greater than 5km from Fletcher (2287)
cnr Pearson and Frederick Streets, Charlestown, NSW 2290 5-10 km from Fletcher
This business can travel to you.
Gosford, NSW 5-10 km from Fletcher
This business can travel to you.
The magician was FANTASTIC. He did a great show and got all the kids invloved laughing and even some of us parents had a little chuckle. The kids loved his pet rabbit and he even let them all pat her after the show. HIGHLY RECOMMEND!
1 Wetlands Place, Shortland, NSW 2307 5-10 km from Fletcher
School Hall, Turton Rd., Waratah, NSW 2298 5-10 km from Fletcher
Delta Close, Eleebana, NSW 2282 5-10 km from Fletcher
Merewether, NSW 5-10 km from Fletcher
This business offers products or services online.
Level 1, South Piazza, Charlestown Square, Charlestown, NSW 2290 5-10 km from Fletcher
Newcastle, NSW 5-10 km from Fletcher
This business can travel to you.
318 Maitland Rd, Mayfield, NSW 2304 5-10 km from Fletcher
Elizabeth St, Tighes Hill, NSW 2297 5-10 km from Fletcher
Newcastle, NSW 2300 5-10 km from Fletcher
Unit 3/1 STATHAM ST, Bennetts Green, NSW 2290 5-10 km from Fletcher
Please Call Us For Enquiries, Newcastle, NSW 2300 5-10 km from Fletcher
26 Oakdale Rd, Gateshead, NSW 2290 5-10 km from Fletcher
260-280 Anderson Dr, Beresfield, NSW 2322 10-20 km from Fletcher
6-18 John Street, The Maitland Gaol, East Maitland, NSW 2323 20-30 km from Fletcher
HI guys last night was amazing. It was really well run and well organised. I couldn't fault any aspect ...
Hi Joyce Thank you so much for an excellent Saturday Afternoon. We had the best fun. The boys had a great time and all want to come again. Also thank you for running the session with just us. We will be coming to play again. Thank You Donna Howarth
Hiya Joyce, we had a great time and we cannot fault any part of the experience. You even kept the rain away. The staff had a terrific time and I believe we will be back again for our mid year event. We have enjoyed seeing all the pics that you posted on facebook and we will like you on there and add some pics to our facebook page. Thanks for a great time. Regards, Jim
Hi Joyce! Just a quick feedback from this weekend. I had initially paid for 6 kids to play lasertag with you on Saturday afternoon at Maitland Gaol. I called to include a last minute extra (have no idea how we got an extra!). The service from you and your team from the start to finish was excellent. The boys loved the event, wished it could have gone longer, and I think we have converted one young boy who had never been before. They all returned super happy with the night. Once again, we received a a gift voucher for my son to play again. We will join him next time as we parents also love playing lasertag. That is a lovely surprise for the Birthday Boy to get a free game and we appreciate it greatly. I can't offer any suggestions for improvement, we really love every experience we have had with you, and will return! Kindly, Belinda Mikaelian.
Hi Joyce Daniel loves it. I told him about the email saying it was on and he said "great I'm going to it!" He invited some mates and when I questioned who was going he said ' I don't care if no one else turns up, I'll go on my own" That's how much he enjoys being there. Great venue, great game, great people, keep up the good work! Pizza a bonus! Carol Cairney
Unit 1, 43 Gateway Boulevard, Morisset, NSW 2264 20-30 km from Fletcher


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Peppermint Prints
Approx. Card Size:
5 x 7
By clicking the Personalize button below, you'll be taken to our design studio. Inside the design studio you have the option of uploading your digital photo or emailing your photo after you've placed your order. You'll also be able to easily layout your custom text, change your photos from color to black and white and sepia tones and see a preview of your item before placing your order.
Card Text:
Flat Photo Card
Photo cards are printed on a four color digital press and feature your photo printed along with personalized text on 110lb premium cardstock with matte finish. Envelopes included.
In-house Processing Time:
Ships 2-3 days after proof approval.
Quantity Availability:
For the best print quality, upload a high resolution JPEG digital photo with a resolution of 300 dpi in its original and unedited state. Please review our FAQ section for detailed photo requirements including instructions for emailing a photo.
Photo card and envelope
Quick Ship :
more info
Eco Friendly :


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The IRS now has more agents and resources to collected past due and over due taxes than they ever have had in their existence. But many people fail to realize that the IRS is extremely negotiable and they have many different ways in which they will work with you. The key factor is knowing what the IRS is willing or not willing to do. We are pleased to offer , Wisconsin residents a FREE phone consultation in regards to your outstanding debt or taxes to the IRS. In most cases our service will greatly benefit people in , Wisconsin who owe more than $10,000 to the IRS. We pride ourselves being one of the best alternatives to calling a , Wisconsin tax attorney or lawyer.
, Wisconsin tax lawyers can be of major benefit if you are facing Federal criminal charges related to a tax debt. When you call we will help figure out what the best course of action is to protect you from the IRS. In many cases we will not need to use a , Wisconsin tax debt attorney because your case is not a criminal charge. We understand that when the IRS comes after someone, they can be frightened and think that a tax specialist attorney near 64683 would be the appropriate call. We are happy to be a free service to help you identify what your actual problem with the IRS is and then recommend a plan to quickly resolve the problems. Our goal is to help the people in , Wisconsin get the best representation when negotiating or structuring an installment agreement, fighting to release a bank levy, tax lien or any other IRS tax debt problem with the IRS.
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Why Join the AHA?
If your field is history—no matter your specialization or profession—membership in the American Historical Association is indispensable. Among the numerous organizations that serve historians, only the AHA brings together historians from all geographical, chronological, and topical specializations and all work contexts, embracing the breadth and variety of activity in history today. More importantly, only the AHA addresses the interests of the discipline as a whole as well as the diverse needs of its individual members. No matter what other specialized organizations you belong to, membership in the AHA is still essential because it provides national leadership on issues such as academic freedom, access to archives, the centrality of history to public culture, improvements in curricula, and other vital issues.
Advocate for the Discipline
- Working to protect history and the rights of historians at local and national levels with the National Coalition for History, the National Humanities Alliance, and the Consortium of Social Science Associations
- Issuing public statements to uphold academic freedom, safeguard history education, secure resources for historical study, preserve historical archives, and protect historians around the world
- Supporting efforts to ensure broad participation by women, minorities, individuals with disabilities, independent scholars, public historians, and teachers
Promote Scholarly Discussion
- Publishing the American Historical Review, the major journal of record for the historical discipline offering hundreds of indispensable book reviews and original scholarship from every major field of study
- Hosting our annual meeting, the largest gathering of historians in the United States featuring panels, workshops, posters, and receptions to interest every historian
- Publishing Perspectives on History, the newsmagazine for the historical profession, which offers articles and commentary on teaching, technology, history in the media, public history, archives, and research
- Posting on a wide range of topics relevant to members and the history discipline on AHA Today, the official blog of the AHA
- Facilitating AHA Communities, an online forum where members can join in discussion and collaborate with other historians and educators
Advance Teaching and Learning
- Improving history curriculum at the primary, secondary, and post-secondary levels through projects such as Tuning and Bridging Cultures
- Providing AHA awards and grants to recognize excellence in publications, research, teaching, and mentoring
- Offering online resources for creating lesson plans, bringing digital history into the classroom, and identifying key skills history students develop
Enhance Career Development
- Giving employers and job seekers a place to connect on the AHA Career Center
- Demonstrating how graduate programs in history can prepare doctoral students for a wide spectrum of career opportunities through Career Diversity for Historians, a three-year, Mellon-funded program
- Collecting resources to help members manage their careers at any stage and in any professional area, whether searching for a job with a BA in history, launching a post-PhD job search, finding a niche in public history, getting ready for tenure review, or exploring options in the private sector
Everything Has a History
Recent Member Spotlights
Gift Memberships
Looking for the perfect gift for the historian in your life? AHA membership supports historians in all fields, all professions, and all stages.
Discounts and Special Offers
Choice Reviews Online
Oxford English Dictionary
Pacific Historical Review
History Compass
ACLS Humanities E-Books
Community College Humanities Association
Society for History Education
Joint Membership with APSA
Time Travelers
Chicago Manual of Style Online
The History Teacher