text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 9, 2009
|Filing date
|Apr 14, 2008
|Priority date
|Dec 9, 2003
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Clarence Chui, Mithran C. Mathew, Marc Mignard
|Original Assignee
|Idc, Llc
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (48), Non-Patent Citations (9), Referenced by (19), Classifications (16), Legal Events (8)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/586,179, filed Oct. 25, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,388,697, titled "SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ADDRESSING A MEMS DISPLAY," which is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/051,251, filed Feb. 4, 2005, titled "SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ADDRESSING A MEMS DISPLAY," now U.S. Pat. No. 7,142,346 B2. U.S. application Ser. No. 11/051,251 claims priority to (1) U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/613,458, filed Sep. 27, 2004, titled "PIXEL ELEMENT WITH SUB-PIXELS HAVING DIFFERING ACTUATION VOLTAGES"; (2) U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/604,896, filed Aug. 27, 2004, titled "METHODS OF ADDRESSING A BI-STABLE MODULATOR"; and (3) U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/606,223, filed Aug. 31, 2004, titled "METHODS OF ADDRESSING A BI-STABLE MODULATOR" and is a continuation in part of (4) U.S. application Ser. No. 10/731,989, filed Dec. 9, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,161,728 B2. Each of the foregoing applications is incorporated by reference, in its entirety.
1. Field
The field of the invention relates to microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).
2. Description of the Related Technology
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) include micro mechanical elements, actuators, and electronics. Micromechanical elements may be created using deposition, etching, and or other micromachining processes that etch away parts of substrates and/or deposited material layers or that add layers to form electrical and electromechanical devices. One type of MEMS device is called an interferometric modulator. An interferometric modulator may comprise a pair of conductive plates, one or both of which may be transparent and/or reflective in whole or part and capable of relative motion upon application of an appropriate electrical signal. One plate may comprise a stationary layer deposited on a substrate, the other plate may comprise a metallic membrane separated from the stationary layer by an air gap. Such devices have a wide range of applications, and it would be beneficial in the art to utilize and/or modify the characteristics of these types of devices so that their features can be exploited in improving existing products and creating new products that have not yet been developed.
The system, method, and devices of the invention each have several aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for its desirable attributes. Without limiting the scope of this invention, its more prominent features will now be discussed briefly. After considering this discussion, and particularly after reading the section entitled "Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments" one will understand how the features of this invention provide advantages over other display devices.
One embodiment is a light modulator that includes an array of elements at least some of which have different values of deflection versus addressing pulse width. The light modulator further includes addressing circuitry configured to provide addressing pulses of varying width to the array of elements such that different combinations of elements switch in a selectable manner, depending upon the width of the addressing pulses.
Another embodiment is a light modulator that includes an array of elements having differing values of deflection versus applied voltage. The light modulator further includes addressing circuitry configured to provide addressing pulses of varying voltage level to the array of elements such that different combinations of elements switch in a selectable manner, depending upon the voltage level of the addressing pulses.
Another embodiment is a display including a plurality of MEMS elements arranged in rows. The MEMS elements of each of the rows are farther arranged in subrows. The subrows of each row are electrically connected. The display further includes a plurality of resistors. Each of the resistors is connected to a respective one of the subrows. The respective one of the resistors for each of the subrows of each row has a different resistance from the resistors connected to the other subrows of the row.
Another embodiment is a method of addressing a plurality of display elements having at least a first and second display element and characterized by respective response thresholds. The method includes generating a first pulse characterized by a parameter having a value greater than the response threshold of the first display element and less than the response threshold of the second display element. The method further includes applying the first pulse to the plurality of display elements.
One embodiment is a driver circuit for addressing a plurality of display elements having at least a first and second display element and characterized by respective response thresholds. The driver circuit includes means for generating a first pulse characterized by a parameter having a value greater than the response threshold of the first display element and less than the response threshold of the second display element. The driver circuit further includes means for applying the first pulse to the plurality of display elements.
In preferred embodiments, the invention addresses a group of display elements with a drive signal applied through a common driver connection to the group of display elements. The display can thus produce more shades of gray, or color, with a smaller number of leads than would be necessary if drive signal for each display element were applied through separate leads for each display element.
The following detailed description is directed to certain specific embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be embodied in a multitude of different ways. In this description, reference is made to the drawings wherein like parts are designated with like numerals throughout. As will be apparent from the following description, the invention may be implemented in any device that is configured to display an image, whether in motion (e.g., video) or stationary (e.g., still image), and whether textual or pictorial. More particularly, it is contemplated that the invention may be implemented in or associated with a variety of electronic devices such as, but not limited to, mobile telephones, wireless devices, personal data assistants (PDAs), hand-held or portable computers, GPS receivers/navigators, cameras, MP3 players, camcorders, game consoles, wrist watches, clocks, calculators, television monitors, flat panel displays, computer monitors, auto displays (e.g., odometer display, etc.), cockpit controls and/or displays, display of camera views (e.g., display of a rear view camera in a vehicle), electronic photographs, electronic billboards or signs, projectors, architectural structures, packaging, and aesthetic structures (e.g., display of images on a piece of jewelry). MEMS devices of similar structure to those described herein can also be used in non-display applications such as in electronic switching devices.
One interferometric modulator display embodiment comprising an interferometric MEMS display element is illustrated in
The depicted portion of the pixel array in
The fixed layers 16 a, 16 b are electrically conductive, partially transparent and partially reflective, and may be fabricated, for example, by depositing one or more layers each of chromium and indium-tin-oxide onto a transparent substrate 20. The layers are patterned into parallel strips, and may form row electrodes in a display device as described further below. The movable layers 14 a, 14 b may be formed as a series of parallel strips of a deposited metal layer or layers (orthogonal to the row electrodes 16 a, 16 b) deposited on top of posts 18 and an intervening sacrificial material deposited between the posts 18. When the sacrificial material is etched away, the deformable metal layers are separated from the fixed metal layers by a defined air gap 19. A highly conductive and reflective material such as aluminum may be used for the deformable layers, and these strips may form column electrodes in a display device.
With no applied voltage, the cavity 19 remains between the layers 14 a, 16 a and the deformable layer is in a mechanically relaxed state as illustrated by the pixel 12 a in
In one embodiment, the processor 21 is also configured to communicate with an array controller 22. In one embodiment, the array controller 22 includes a row driver circuit 24 and a column driver circuit 26 that provide signals to a pixel array 30. The cross section of the array illustrated in
In typical applications, a display frame may be created by asserting the set of column electrodes in accordance with the desired set of actuated pixels in the first row. A row pulse is then applied to the row 1 electrode, actuating the pixels corresponding to the asserted column lines. The asserted set of column electrodes is then changed to correspond to the desired set of actuated pixels in the second row. A pulse is then applied to the row 2 electrode, actuating the appropriate pixels in row 2 in accordance with the asserted column electrodes. The row 1 pixels are unaffected by the row 2 pulse, and remain in the state they were set to during the row 1 pulse. This may be repeated for the entire series of rows in a sequential fashion to produce the frame. Generally, the frames are refreshed and/or updated with new display data by continually repeating this process at some desired number of frames per second. A wide variety of protocols for driving row and column electrodes of pixel arrays to produce display frames are also well known and may be used in conjunction with the present invention.
In the
The details of the structure of interferometric modulators that operate in accordance with the principles set forth above may vary widely. For example,
Data describing a monochrome display image may include one bit of data per pixel. One embodiment of a monochrome display includes one interferometric modulator per pixel, the on or off state of the modulator being set based on the value of the one bit of data per pixel. A greyscale image may include several bits of data per pixel. For example, a "3 bit" grayscale display includes 3 bits of data per pixel that correspond to one of eight shades of gray that may be assigned to each pixel. One embodiment of a display for displaying an exemplary 3 bit grayscale image includes three interferometric modulators for each pixel. To obtain the eight shades, the three modulators reflect light according to a ratio of 1:2:4. In one such embodiment each of the interferometric modulators includes mirrors having a reflective surface area that varies according to the ratio of 1:2:4. A particular shade in a pixel is obtained in such an embodiment by setting each modulator to an on or off state based on the binary value of a corresponding bit of the 3 bits of data. One embodiment of a color display works similarly except that the color display includes a group of red, green, and blue interferometric modulators. For example, in a 12-bit color display, 4 of the 12 bits correspond to each of 16 intensities of red, green, and blue which are produced by red, green, or blue interferometric modulators. Such greyscale or color displays have more display elements to address than does a monochrome display. In order to address these display elements for such embodiments of gray or color displays, the number of electrical connections to the display control increases. For example, in one embodiment of a 3�3 3-bit grayscale display, each of the rows is subdivided into 3 subrows. Each pixel of such an embodiment of the display comprises the interferometric modulators of the three subrows. One such embodiment has 3*3=9 row driver connections and 3 column driver connections for a total of twelve driver connections rather than the 6 for a 3�3 monochrome display.
One way of reducing the number of driver connections is to electrically connect together a group of modulators, for example, the 3 subrows in the 3 bit grayscale embodiment discussed above, and drive the group with a signal that changes the state of a subset of the electrically connected group.
For example, one way to selectively address a group of electrically connected interferometric modulators is to apply a drive signal in a pulse that is not of a sufficient duration to change the state of some of the group of modulators. Generally, the time period for a particular modulator in the display to change state in response to the leading edge of the row strobe may be referred to as a response time, τ. Note that the term "response time" may refer to either the time for an interferometric modulator to move from a reflective to non-reflective state or the time for the modulator to move from the non-reflective state to the reflective state. In one embodiment of the interferometric modulator display, the time period τ is conceptually the sum of an electrical response time, τRC, and a mechanical response time, τM. With respect to the electrical response time, each of the interferometric modulators in the display is forms a respective circuit that may be characterized by a resistor-capacitor (RC) time constant. The electrical response time, τRC, is the time period from the leading edge of the row strobe pulse to the time that the circuit is charged to the actuation or release voltage across the mirrors. The mechanical response time, τM, is the time period for the movable mirror to physically change positions once the actuation or release voltage has been reached. The time for the modulator to move to a new position, τM, is dependent on factors such as a spring constant associated with the movable mirror of the modulator and the resistance to air of the mirror as it moves. One embodiment of the display includes groups of electrically connected modulators with different response times. By applying a common pulse to the group of modulators that is shorter than the response time of some of the modulators but longer than the response time of other of the modulators, the state of different combinations of the modulators can be set.
The response times of an interferometric modulator is affected by the characteristic resistor-capacitor (RC) time of the driver circuit inclusive of the modulator, i.e., the time for the movable mirror of the modulator to be charged to a particular voltage, of the mechanical properties of the modulator, and of the resistance of the movable mirror to moving through air. In the embodiment depicted in
The pulses of
In the illustrated embodiment, each of these line times for a row is approximately the same. However, it is to be recognized that in other embodiments, the line times may be shorter, for example, the line times for a row may shortened to correspond to the shorter row pulse durations of each of the line times of a row. Further, any other suitable drive voltage scheme may be used in place of the exemplary scheme depicted in
In some embodiments, the response time of the interferometric modulators is varied by mechanical differences rather than electrical differences in the subrows. For example, variation in the damping force caused by the air in the small cavity between movable mirror and the fixed mirror can vary the response times. This damping force acts as a resistance to moving the movable mirror through air. In one embodiment, this force is varied by forming holes in the movable mirror to reduce the air pressure against the movable mirror as it actuates and thus changes the electromechanical response of the actuator. In another embodiment, the holes are formed in the deformable film 34 of
In other embodiments, other mechanical properties of the interferometric modulators may be varied so as to vary the mechanical response times of the interferometric modulators between subrows. The response time is dependent on several factors that may be varied, including the thickness, mass, or material of the movable mirror 14 or the deformable layer 34 of
Rather than having varying response times, in other embodiments, the interferometric modulators of each of the subrows may have varying actuation and release voltages so as to enable a set of electrically connected subrows to be individually addressed.
The hysteresis window of the modulators associated with each subrow may be selected by varying the geometry and materials of the modulators. In particular, the width (difference between the actuation and release voltages), the location (the absolute values of the actuation and release voltages), and the relative values of the actuation and release voltages may be selected by varying geometric and material properties of the modulators. The varied properties may include, for example, the distance between movable mirror supports, the mass associated with the movable mirror relative to the spring constant, the thickness, tensile stress, or stiffness of the mirror and/or the layers or mechanism that moves the mirror, the dialectic constant or thickness of a dielectric layer between the stationary electrode and the movable electrode. More details of the selection of the hysteresis properties of the interferometric modulators are disclosed in U.S. Provisional Patent No. 60/613,382, entitled "METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SELECTIVE ADJUSTMENT OF HYSTERESIS WINDOW," filed on Sep. 27, 2004.
In one such embodiment, the interferometric modulators are arranged in subrows as in
The pulses of
It is to be recognized that while certain embodiments disclosed herein are discussed with respect to "rows" and "columns," these terms are used for convenience only in describing these embodiments. In other embodiments, the properties attributed to rows or columns in the exemplary embodiments may be completely or partially reversed as would be apparent to one of skill in the art. Further, while embodiments are illustrated in
Moreover, while certain embodiments have been discussed with respect to electrically connected groups of interferometric modulators with different response times, and certain other embodiments discussed with respect to electrically connected groups of interferometric modulators with different hysteresis stability windows, other embodiments may include groups of electrically connected modulators that have different response times and different hysteresis stability windows. Such embodiments may be addressed using a series of pulses that vary in both duration and voltage.
While the above detailed description has shown, described, and pointed out novel features of the invention as applied to various embodiments, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions, and changes in the form and details of the device or process illustrated may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
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|U.S. Classification
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|International Classification
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|Oct 30, 2009
Owner name: QUALCOMM MEMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:IDC,LLC;REEL/FRAME:023449/0614
Effective date: 20090925
|Apr 6, 2010
|Certificate of correction
|Jun 3, 2010
Owner name: IDC, LLC,CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:CHUI, CLARENCE;MATHEW, MITHRAN C.;MIGNARD, MARC;REEL/FRAME:024484/0241
Effective date: 20050518
|Oct 4, 2012
|Fee payment
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|Aug 31, 2016
Owner name: SNAPTRACK, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:QUALCOMM MEMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:039891/0001
Effective date: 20160830
|Jan 19, 2017
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jun 9, 2017
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Aug 1, 2017
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20170609


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subset: commoncrawl


text: i dropped my phone from a height of less than 2 feet (knocked it off a table) and the back cover and battery fell off/out. so i popped it all back together, but just noticed that the volume buttons on the side of the phone are missing! =/ any suggestions on what to do from here? you're all more creative than i am!


text:
THE producer of primetime TV show is being investigated after he tweeted a picture of a swastika-shaped German snack.
The unnamed 35-year-old poster a picture of the breaded pork item from the German programme Heute Show's official Facebook page.
It was meant to be a sarcastic joke about Austrians voting in huge numbers for a far-right candidate in the country's presidential elections.
Nobert Hofer, from the Freedom Party, is now in pole position to lead the country after the first round of voting on April 24.
The post featuring the popular food as a Nazi symbol said: "Austrians are voting the same way as they like their schnitzels, mostly flat and brown."
The brown is said to reference the colour of the shirts worn by Nazi Stormtroopers.
But it fell foul of an obscure 19th Century German law that bans people from insulting foreign leaders.
The same law being used to investigate the producer was also controversially used by Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdogan to bring a case against another employee the same TV company that airs Heute Show, ZDF.
Jan Bohmermann wrote a poem accusing Erdogan of being a paedophile who is mean to minority groups.
***CLICK HERE for extraordinary 'swastika' buildings spotted all over the globe on Google Earth***
Two people complained about the food swastika, including Austrian law student Emanuel Falch, 22, who said the producer should be prosecuted because he had instantly branded people Nazis.
Prosecutors in the German town of Mainz, where the company is based, said it's looking into both incidents.
A spokesperson said: "In fact there were several complaints, including two from Austria."
The Freedom Party's Markus Abwerzger said he welcomed the legal complaint even though he didn't think it would be successful.


text:
Twitter Updates for 2007-04-30
looong crazy weekend spending too much money on worthwhile causes. But it could have been worse - could have coughed up *and* volunteered! # it's always three times as hard to wake up on a Monday morning for me... # dropped & broke travel mug full of cold brewed iced coffee. came in to client emergency, scheduled emergency eye appt for yours truly # just spilled full cup of coffee. had to make more; managed to create even bigger mess # now that the eye doctor wants to see me immediately, my eye is twitching and throbbing nonstop. power of suggestion is an amazing thing... # turning computer off. head hurts. don't know when it'll go back on... # Powered by [Read more...]


text:
Buried in company presentation materials on Tuesday was a note that the Tokyo-based conglomerate is considering selling a majority stake in its memory chip business, a reversal of a previous plan to limit the sale to 20 per cent.
Then President Satoshi Tsunakawa took that a step further, saying a sale of the entire unit is now possible. NAND f lash memory, used in smartphones and solid state disk drives, is one of Toshiba's few bright spots.
Bloomberg Intelligence estimates that the entire division could be worth as much as $14 billion, which would more than cover the $6.3 billion writedown in the struggling nuclear unit.
That would leave Toshiba with few growth prospects, relying on public infrastructure projects, elevators and a struggling consumer electronics business. In response, investors sent the stock down to 10-month lows; one analyst even suspended his rating.
"We're getting to the stage of assetstripping," said Amir Anvarzadeh, head of Japanese equity sales at BGC Partners Inc. in Singapore. "They're selling the majority of the chips business which is the only business they can sell right now."
Among potential acquirers for the chip unit, South Korea's SK Hynix Inc., which is seeking to expand its share of the global mobile and smart devices market, already offered to buy a stake in the memory division.
Chinese chipmakers are also among the other potential buyers. Toshiba also said it may pull out of nuclear plant construction and only provide equipment and engineering, which would make it extremely difficult to sell nuclear projects to customers.
All options are on the table for the nuclear business, including a possible sale of Westinghouse Electric Co., its U.S. nuclear unit, Tsunakawa said.


text:
A STUDY day at the University of Southampton will explore the world of cinema.
The Viewing the Past/Framing the Future: History, Heritage and the Cinema event will take place at the university's Avenue Campus on May 31.
From 10am to 4pm experts will give a series of short talks on the history of the silver screen and its impact on the world.
Taking part costs between £11 and £31, and places can be booked by visiting www.store.southampton.ac.uk


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Come join us for thirty minutes of fun stories, songs, and learning activities!
Please note that the Library does not open until 10 a.m., but story time attendees will be allowed in early for the 9:30 a.m. program.
Come join us for lots of great stories, songs, fun learning activities and even a short movie - all geared for three and four-year-olds.
This group meets every fourth Tuesday of the month at the Mt. Washington Senior Apartments, located at 570 S. Evanston in Independence, Mo. Books provided by the Sugar Creek branch of the Kansas City Public Library, with discussions moderated by Mary Roberson.
Enjoy a free healthy snack at the library. Snacks are reserved for youth ages 18 and under.
Kids and Teens 18 and under, join us at the Waldo Branch for a free meal provided by Harvesters!
This high intensity interval training (HIIT) will get you sweating and moving. Get the maximum benefits of exercise with this 45-minute workout.
Explore the world of modern Tabletop Gaming! It's not just Monopoly anymore! The games are bigger, better and weirder! Come for fun, to meet new people and to face challenges that will test your problem solving and teamwork skills. Open 6th-12th graders. Games include Ticket to Ride, Betrayal at House on the Hill, Forbidden Island, Love Letter, Mysterium, King of Tokyo, and more!
Punch and kick you way to good health. Fitness champion Nicki Jones will lead you through 10 to 12 rounds of punches, kicks, and cardio exercise that will leave you feeling invigorated and powerful.
Join us every Tuesday at 7 pm on the Children's floor for stories, crafts and a lot of imagination. 7-15 year old Graphic novel fans enjoy meeting up with each other to talk about books as well as get first hand illustrative instruction on how to create, design and illustrate your own comics. Parking is Free!
In class you will learn basic English skills: reading, writing, and conversation. No fee or books required.
Don't worry about the weather. Come walk a mile in the comfort of air conditioning. Participants will follow Leslie Sansone DVDs to start their weight loss journey with a gentle paced 1 mile beginner walk program. Participants will increase their heart rate with low impact moves.
Learn what your internet browser can do for you! This class concentrates on the basics of email and navigating the web.
Get help on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 1-3 p.m. at Waldo Branch.
Drop-in, no appointment necessary.
Computers will be available or bring your own.
Tech Coaches now available to answer your questions about:
- Microsoft Word or Excel
- the internet
- formatting a resume
- online applications
- syncing your smartphone
- and so much more!
Come with your yoga mat and spend an hour relaxing with the meditative benefits of yoga. For everyone from beginners to experienced.
Want to go beyond the automatic settings on your digital camera? Bring your camera and join fellow photographers in this four-week Learning Circle covering the Digital Photography 101 course from Universal Class. Tuesdays in November 6:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m. at the Central Library in room 311. To register for the class, click here.
In class you will learn basic English skills: grammar, listening, speaking, pronunciation, reading, and conversation. No fee or books required.
Contact Estelle at 816-560-0135 with questions.
For November, Cinema Tuesday is celebrating the best of Alfred Hitchcock - the Master of Suspense!
Award-winning writer, critic, and editor John Freeman joins Writers at Work series organizer Whitney Terrell in a public conversation about Freeman's two latest releases, the anthology Tales of Two Americas: Stories of Inequality in a Divided Nation, and his first collection of poetry, Maps.


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Report scammers
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Letter(s) from Irina to Neil (Canada)
Letter 1
Hi! I saw your profile and decided to write you! I think i should tell you a bit about myself . My name is Ira(or Irina).
I love active life. Among my hobbies, hanging out with my friends. I love reading and I enjoy learning new things. I am very persistent and try to achieve my goals. I have a strong will and never quit. I value friendship most of all and never let people down. So if you are interested write me at :
leska_le (at) mail (dot) ru
Letter 2
Hi, dear Neil
Thank you very muh for your reply. How are you? I know than it is probably too early to make any decisions, but it seems to me that we could become very good and close friends. There is something than tells me about it, perhaps, it is my woman`s intuition. Anyway, time will show us...Let`s continue our lettering and see.
And I would like to continue telling you about myself. Well, what I else can I say about mydelf. I think there is a lot I can, but let me strt from the main. I know that you have a question 'Why didn`t this girl decided to apply to the agency just to get acquainted with somebody?' There are many men in Ukraine who would like to communicate with me, and maybe have strong relations with me, and probably in future marry me. It is true and there are really men who wold like to do this. But, I didn`t meet anong them a men whom I would like to have strong realtions with and to spend the rest of my lefe with this man. By my nature I am a romantic person, and as I said, I have a big heart wich is ready to be open to someone who will find the right key to it. But till this time nobody opened it and nobody found this right key to it. Many men have a big bunch of different keys to different hearts, but none of them get the right key to my one. And every morning when I wake up I listen to my heart and expect to hear the sound of opening the door of my heart. Perhaps some day I will hear itan you will come to my hear.
I tell some day, but I don`t mean that it couldn`t be soon, on the contrary, I am ready to open my heart just now. The only thing I am afraid of it is that there are people who come to your heart and then they break it or leave big dirty footsteps there. Thisis the only thing I am afraid of - to be deceived. And what demand from people the best it is honesty. I cannot lie, and I hope this is the only talant I do not have, thanks to my parents.
Now about my interests and hobbies. As I said, my bigges iterests it is reading. I read everything and all the time. I read at my work, at home and even in the bus on the way to my work. I adore reading different magazines and news-papers, because from them I learn not only about what has happened to the hero of one of the books I read, but also about different events in different countries. But my favourite column is the one about singers, actors and the other famous people of the world. As all the peole, I guess, I like listening to music. I listen to all music from pop to rap, because most of the time I listen to the radio. Besides, I know a lot not only about Rissian and Ukrainian famous people, but also about foreign ones, such as Madonna, Michael Jackson, Sting etc... In general, I like everything, my inteterest and hobbies are so many-sided that I can`t even enumarate all of them. But I am not fond of sport, though I visit a gym regurarly, because as every girl I want to be strong and fit, and certainly healthy.
Have to go now, but as usualy I am waiting for your soon answer. And again let it be very soon.
With affection,
Letter 3
Dear Sir,
Thank you for your letter. Irina is interested in you very much. Irina can`t answer you, because her account is over now. She doesn't know English language, because of that she had to use the help of our agency. If you are interested in helping her let us know, please. We are not to give personal information of our clients. If you are really interesting in rending assistance to Irina's problem keep in touch with us. After the filling up her account you will be able to get alll the information from Irina.
Here is information:
-the cost of 1 letter is 5$USA ( translations -4$ and access to Internet and printing -1$).
-scanning of one photo- $2
Unlimited letters(it includes all the service,exclusive of the photos,made especially for you,every photo is $4):
-1 month of using our service $250
-2 month of using our service $450
If you are interested you can send the money through Western Union FIRST UKRAINIAN INTERNATIONAL BANK, on the name of our manager Yuliya Kravets.
After transferring money you should write us about the control number of the transfer, the sum of money, your full name and the country you live.
If you don't have an opportunity to visit Western Union office,you can wire your money on line,using the credit card. You can visit web site www.westernunion.com and during 15 minutes you'll be able to send money from your credit card.
If you cannot transfer money through Western Union, please, let us know and we will send you the number of our account and the name of our manager.
We are open for all your suggestions.
Sincerely Yours,
Letter 4
Dear Sir,
Thank you for keeping in touch with us. If you have problems with WESTEN UNION we can suggest you another variant. Dear Sir,
Here is information:
-the cost of 1 letter is 5$USA ( translations -4$ and access to Internet and printing -1$).
-scanning of one photo- $2
Unlimited letters(it includes all the service,exclusive of the photos,made especially for you,every photo is $4):
-1 month of using our service $250
-2 month of using our service $450
If you are interested you can send the money through MoneyGram, on the name of our manager Yuliya Kravets, Ukraine (country), Lugansk (city).
After transferring money you should write us about the control number of the transfer, the sum of money, your full name and the country you live.
We have already retold to Irina about your interest in her and she is waiting to the moment she will be able to continue lettering with you.
We are open for all your suggestions.
Sincerely Yours,
Letter 5
Dear Sir,
Thank you for keeping in touch with us. MoneyGram is not a Western Union's service. To find the information about transfering money you could find on the site www.MoneyGram. If you will have problem with this let us know please and will try to find another variant which is appropriate for you.
Letter 6
Dear Sir,
Thank you for using our service and keeping in touch with us. We do not know, whether it is more suitable for you to payment in USA dollars or in EUR. So we send you the numbers of two accounts:
For the payment in USA dollars
Beneficiary bank:
acc.# 3901306
Fro the payment in EUR
Beneficiary bank:
acc.# 3901306
After transferring money you should inform us in which currency you sent the money.
Sincerly yours,
Letter 7
Dear Neil,
Thank you very much that you decided to use our servise. We have already informed Irina that she will be adle to continue lettering with you. The payment will be transfered to the bank account in 5 days. As soon as we get it we will send you a notification about this and Irina will be able to answer you.
If you have any questions or suggestions, please, inform us.


text:
- 6
Current State of Air France Concordes
The idea of civilian supersonic transport was born in the late 1950s. The British Bristol Aeroplane Company (BOAC) and the French Sud Aviation were both working on their own designs called the Type 223 and...
- 7
An Eclectic Collection of Museums
A short collection of unusual museums from around the World.
- 22
Nicknames of London Buildings
London's modern buildings have attracted criticism and praise in equal measure, as well as nicknames, assigned to them in true British humour.
- 45
Railway Carriages as Holiday Homes
Railway buff looking for alternative holiday accommodation? Or just looking for somewhere unusual to stay? Step into a railway carriage of your choice.
- 9
Current State of British Airways Concordes
This page outlines the location and current status of all the British Airways Concorde aircraft that were built. Brief History British Airways's (BA) last Concorde revenue departure took place on 23rd October 2003...
- 12
Captured U-boats and their Fate
Research into the capture of German U-Boats by the British, US and Japanese Navies during WWII.


text:
Kayle General Guide by Singelkills
Not Updated For Current Season
This guide has not yet been updated for the current season. Please keep this in mind while reading. You can see the most recently updated guides on the browse guides page.
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Your votes and comments encourage our guide authors to continue
creating helpful guides for the League of Legends community.
Kayle Build
early game
late game
alternative tanky items
Ability Sequence
Not Updated For Current Season
The masteries shown here are not yet updated for the current season, the guide author needs to set up the new masteries. As such, they will be different than the masteries you see in-game.
Hi everybody !
This is going to be my 1st guide.I really hope you enjoy this, because Kayle is one of my main top,adc and mid champ aswell:).
Well, I choose her ,because the most players play her full AP or support but I'll show that she can do more then support.She is dealing with the right equip and the right techniques insane damage and with her Intervention she can survive a teamfight or can towerdive pretty simple.
Pros / Cons
Pros: -she is one of the best tower divers ingame
-she has an awesome damage output on single targets and later on multi targets
-the enemy will rage you that you got luck,because of your ultimate
-you can help your own teammates not to die in a teamfight
-you can't get towerdived
Cons: -you are dependent on attack speed and some counters are Malphite or Lee Sin cause of the AS slow
-if you got in early no kills or atleast farm you need to farm the rest of the game to get op
-CC is pretty hard conter
-she havn't got an OP DANCE !!:)
-in early you can't farm so good, because of your Righteous Fury CD
For runes are flat runes pretty cool because they are supporting the early damage Kayle does good.The Greater Seal of Mana Regeneration runes are just for harrasment that you can do the Reckoning and then auto attacking with Righteous Fury combo.And why do I take Greater Mark of Attack Damage Damage and Greater Glyph of Ability Power and Greater Quintessence of Ability Power is simple.I take it like this, because you need AD for your early damage and the AP is for your amazing Reckoning damage. You will going to reap them with a bit training and this guid. :D
I take for masteries 26/0/4.The 4 points in utillity for mana regeneration and the CDR of Flash aswell.The 26 points for every offensive hybrid damage.Defense what is this ? You got ur Intervention and your Divine Blessing!So if you time that well, you will make every enemy rage like a boss that,because you got luck.BUT YOU DON'T HAVE LUCK!NO YOU HAVE THE SKILL!
The items are mostly for magic damage but in the end... it doesen't even matter... :). I mean in the end you will shred so much magic rasist that the enemy got about 40. And this to 3 targets!
Now comming to the explination why I take these items.
I take a Doran's Blade because it is in early the strongest item i suggest.And with the AD and health it's easy to kill someone.
After that I buy a Vampiric Scepter because you need the (low but still there) self heal in the laning phase.
Then I'am going for Berserker's Greaves because of the AS in the early game.
Right after I choose Stinger also for the AS and the CDR,also you can upgrade it into Nashor's Tooth which is pretty awesome because of the AS,CDR,mana regeneration and the AP what makes it to an optimal item for Kayle.
This is followed by a Guinsoo's Rageblade.Why I take this item? Well,if u got lower than 50% of your life the passive will activate and everyone tries to kill you.BUT,because of ur Intervention you will reap one or maybe two also in early to mid game.
Then I choose Runaan's Hurricane for the AOE damage comming from the Righteous Fury (because Runaan's Hurricane also applies on hit effects so it will do the same damage from the Righteous Fury spell also in AOE)for winning every teamfight! :)
Malady is my last item.Well you think why Malady and not Rabadon's Deathcap or Infinity Edge ?
I don't know maybe the additional magic damage and the magic resist shredding. I really don't know why I'am taking it.It just works fine :)
Skill Sequence
The skills are awesome for single traget burst damage.
In laning phase you land a Reckoning on the enemy and then you follow him with the Righteous Fury while you healed yourself with Divine Blessing for the movement speed boost to get more auto attacks on him.
If you go for an one vs one you need to be carefull.And try to do your Intervention when he does his or her.Or to avoid the most damage.And if you realise that you are going to loose try to Flash into a bush (just working when your opponent is melee) and do your Reckoning, Righteous Fury combo for massive damage.If u got your Intervention do it when he is getting next to you.About one second before the ultimate is running out you heal yourself with Divine Blessing and maybe get Ignite on him.So you can turn a fight from loosing to a winning or to an one for one exchange.
I recommend Flash and Ignite for her.
Why i take Flash: -you can get over walls
-you can Flash near an enemy for the Reckoning, Righteous Fury combo and finish him off
Why i take Ignite:-the true damage is pretty insane with your normal skill combo and i think(I'am really not sure about that) the Reckoning is also afflicting with Ignite.So your Ignite does more damage.
-it is better for finnishing someone off in a turret dive,because you can get earlyer out of the turret range but get the kill.
-you got a heal reduction of enemies which is pretty usefull at ad carries or a jungler like Warwick or Dr. Mundo
Kayle is really strong champion when she is played well and with the right items you can try a one vs 5(if the enemies don't got too much CC ---> perma stun) and you will finnish off atleast one or two enemies.
She can also safe the teammates from hard situations and help them to get a kill.
Team Work
Well, team work... Help your team but don't forget to farm you will need it.Try to get not every kill if u are top or mid and try to get every kill when you are carry.You have a heal which is speeding someone up so use it for that aswell.Try to speed someone up who is chasing an enemy.
Your ultimate is your nearly strongest weapons so don't ult everyone and ty to give Intervention to someone who is nessesary for a teamfight or for the team(that means don't be such an ego and use it just for yourself NO use the Intervention for someone else).
Farming is sooooo easy with her in mid to late game, because you don't got the high (like in early with about 18 seconds)CD on your Righteous Fury which is dealing massive damage!In late game you got Runaan's Hurricane which is amazing with her Righteous Fury.You need just to do about 2-3 auto attacks and the wave is farmed.
BUT in early you just harras the enemy so that you can farm, because you got the respect of him!
BUT if you aren't going to win your lane tower farming is easy as well.And you will get him so or so in early game or in late game.In any time he will try to kill you and then you are going to kill them ,because of this insane guide (with really poor spelling and grammar I know and I'am sorry for this)
that will help you to kill everyone! So good luck and destroy them for me ! :D
Aswell iam sorry for that it's not looking that interesting but I think it will help you.


text:
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Mark Everett's band the Eels has released some of the most acclaimed albums, from "Beautiful Freak" to "Tomorrow Morning". Everett is also one of music's most fascinating characters. This title covers his unusual childhood, his relationship with his brilliant mathematician father and his initial struggles to succeed in the music industry.
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While Aries are naturally aggressive and dynamic people with energetic personalities, Taurus also symbolizes bull and they are also hot from inside. So Aries being a friend with Taurus can be a very interesting thing. While at one side Aries are usually chirpy and energetic, Taurus people are calm and focused. So two different personalities can always be good friends, than two same type of people trying to be friends. While a Taurus friend may be impressed by his Aries friend's wild and bubbly nature. A Taurus friend may always give the best of suggestions to his friends for a balanced life. Taurus friends are by nature practical and composed. It is these traits that are so different from their own that pushes Aries to Taurus. In addition, Aries also receive trust and affection in friendship from Taurus. Aries are secretly intrigued by Taurus' practical and composed mind while a Taurus may get intrigued by the sheer energy and fun that an Aries friend brings into their life. So all in all, these two sun signs can be great friends together and can definitely have a long and loyal friendship for countless years. Their friendship reflects a perfect balance between understanding and communication, excitement and adventure. The Aries keeps their lives with fun and excitement, while the Taurus keeps them very balanced and stable. As a result Aries tends to want quick results and satisfaction, while Taurus tends to emphasize discipline and practicality. In fact many great and successful friendships are found to be a combination of Aries and Taurus suns signs.
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Aries Personalities:
Aries Role :
Aries Compatibility:
Aries Sagittarius Compatibility
Aries Friendship Compatibility:
Aries and Aries Friendship Compatibility
Aries and Gemini Friendship Compatibility
Aries and Cancer Friendship Compatibility
Aries and Leo Friendship Compatibility
Aries and Virgo Friendship Compatibility
Aries and Libra Friendship Compatibility
Aries and Scorpio Friendship Compatibility
Aries and Sagittarius Friendship Compatibility
Aries and Capricorn Friendship Compatibility
Aries and Aquarius Friendship Compatibility
Aries and Pisces Friendship Compatibility


text:
MSGThe Message
18-22"So why did you have me born?
I wish no one had ever laid eyes on me!
I wish I'd never lived—a stillborn,
buried without ever having breathed.
Isn't it time to call it quits on my life?
Can't you let up, and let me smile just once
Before I die and am buried,
before I'm nailed into my coffin, sealed in the ground,
And banished for good to the land of the dead,
blind in the final dark?"
1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2001, 2002 Eugene H. Peterson by NavPress Publishing


text:
Make external backups, to be more protected…
Online Backup
Backup of your data is essential for the continuity of your business. It's not possible today to take the risk of losing data, block production. External backups is protected against multiple risk without setting up an expensive infrastructure. Globally, for all companies the main consequences of data loss are: loss of customers (49%), degradation of the reputation and brand image (47%), loss of turnover business (41%), increase in spending (39%) and fall of the share price (20%).
How cost a data ?
According to a survey of more than 4,500 companies in 38 countries, information costs each year 877 billion euros to companies around the world, or 1100 billion of dollars. Since confidential customer information to the financial transactions, through intellectual property, companies have enormous amounts of information that not only allow them to be competitive and efficient, but also, and just continue their activity. This study reveals that digital information represents up to 49% of the total value of a company. Will you lose 49% of your business without reacting?


text:
1 Bedroom Apartments Dallas Tx
If you are still confused with the design Bedroom to your liking. Blessed, our website provides the best design to inspire your room design theme. Search and find the theme 1 bedroom apartments dallas tx. 1 bedroom apartments dallas tx will inspire you with awesome ideas for your Bedroom design.
If you want to renovate Bedroom, you must have a creative idea because there are many things you should look at. Good design is determined by your own. Starting from the color selection to the selection of your own material that determines. Color is one of the most important things in designing. In the 1 bedroom apartments dallas tx many ideas you can use.From the image gallery we specify the best Bedroom theme. Many of the latest ideas we have prepared for you or your friends use. Choose and have design that we prepared just for you.
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text: 4U was captured on the morning of November 5th, 2013 using a net launcher. After capture he spent the early part of the winter near Juneau, Alaska. He died in early January, 2014. We were able to retrieve his body and the transmitter. It appeared he died of starvation, as he had very little body fat when he was found.


text:
Get complete, easy-to-understand explanations of 1031 exchange rules and guidelines.
Get complete, easy-to-understand explanations of 1031 exchange rules and guidelines.
To defer capital gains taxes with a 1031 exchange, an investor must identify potential replacement properties, in writing, by midnight of the 45th calendar day after the close of escrow on...Read More
Utilized properly, 1031 exchanges provide investors with substantial tax savings that allow them to shelter the growth of their wealth.Read More
To avoiding taking constructive receipt of the proceeds during a 1031 exchange, it is imperative that an investor have a Qualified Intermediary ("QI") hold the capital after the sale of the relinquished property.Read More
We are proud to announce the launch of our new illustrated 1031 exchange guide! In this article we will walk you through each section of our new 1031 guide step by step. Read More
1031 Exchange DOs and DON'Ts: 7 things you should do and 6 thinks you should not.Read More
Tax Mitigation Strategies Rules and Guidelines Demystified Real Estate Ownership Structures Investment Property Types Tenant Examples Analyzing Lease Terms Tenant Credit Ratings 1031 Exchange Property Examples Evaluating Qualified Intermediaries News & Legislative Updates Investing Quotes Word of the Week Company Testimonials Rules & Regulations [Full Text]


text:
Acronym for Plastic Pin Grid Array. This form factor fits into Socket 370 mainboards and is meant to be an even cheaper Celeron than the SEPP kind. Slot 1 freaks need not worry - there are Socket 370 - Slot 1 adapters out there.
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text:
Ingredients for 4 servings
- 8 squids
- 2 cloves of garlic
- fresh parsley 1 bu.
- 1 cup of breadcrumbs
- 2 tbsp of grated pecorino, or parmesan cheese
- 1 tbsp of capers
- extra virgin olive oil
- salt
- pepper TT
Peel the squids and remove heads, empty and clean them carefully. Mince the tentacles and put them in a bowl. Brown the breadcrumbs in a pan with oil and once cooled add it to the tentacles. Add the pecorino cheese, the parsley, the garlic and the minced capers, salt and pepper. Then soften the stuffing with some oil and fill the empty squid heads with it. Close the heads with toothpicks and put the squids on a baking-pan with oil, bake them for about 20 minutes.


text:
Lip Balm Holder Tutorial
Don't you just hate how your lip balm or lipstick falls to the bottom of your purse? Leaving you endlessly digging for them, especially during the winter months with chap lips are so hard to avoid. One alternative is to put it in your pocket, but if you're like me either what you are wearing has no pockets, or when you put it in your pocket you forget to get it out at the end of the day. In my case, that means it is gong to be washed, and I am not going to have it tomorrow. The other alternative is to make a simple lip balm or lipstick holder that you can hook on to your key ring, purse handle, or back pack. This lip balm holder sews up in minutes and is also a quick and easy gift paired with either a homemade or store bought lip balm.
16 inches of 1 1/2 inch wide grosgrain ribbon
1 inch binder ring
Fraycheck (optional) (could also use a glue like elmers and let it dry to stop fraying)
Matching Thread
Sewing Machine
Step One: Cut Ribbon to 16 inch length.
Step Two: Fray check ends (optional)
Step Three: With right sides of the ribbon together sew at 1/4 inch seam allowance.
Step Four: Turn Ribbon right sides out and top stitch along sewn end at 1/8″. (this step can be skipped)
Step Five: Fold up sewn end 2 and 3/4 inches and press with iron.
Step Six: Sew each side of the ribbon fold at 1/8 inch seam allowance. This will make a pocket for the lip balm stick and leave a loop to insert the binder ring.
Step Seven: Insert binder ring in loop and lip balm stick to the pouch.
Now, you will not have to go digging in the bottom of your bag or purse for your lip balm. You can clip to to your bag or purse handle, a zipper pull, or even you keys.
Happy Sewing!!
4 Comments on Lip Balm Holder Tutorial
Cute!! And I like the idea of using the binder ring for the attachment. I've got a Craft Gossip post scheduled for later this morning that links to your tutorial:Reply
What a clever idea. Thanks for sharing such a cute and easy tutorial!Reply
My Granddaughters will love these – Great idea – thank for sharing!Reply


text:
Fresh new metal has reinvigorated a now bustling model line up and a range of new performance heroes has shone the spotlight on the 'third' German luxury car maker.
Oh yeah, sales haven't been too shabby, either. So much so Audi is boldly talking of leading the luxury sales race in Australia by the end of 2012.
As well as consistently growing its sales, Audi has been chipping away at the market share of its two main contenders, Mercedes-Benz and BMW.
At the more expensive end of the luxury sedan (luxury brands prefer to call them saloons or limousines) market, though, Audi has plenty of room for improvement. Thankfully some backup has arrived in the form of a freshened A6. The A6 has been around for years but has done little to rile its rivals, the BMW 5-Series and Mercedes E-Class. But this new model comes armed with styling tweaks such as new mirrors, foglights and grille as well as fresh tail lights with futuristic LED globes arranged in a distinctive pattern.
It's relatively minor stuff in the broader world of new models, but it's enough to lift the spirits of the conservatively styled four-door. One thing the A6 doesn't get this time around is the option of a wagon, which has been dropped due to lack of interest.


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> Career Resources
> Interviews > Industry Updates > Banking / Finance > Financial Planning / Wealth Management
A flair for customer service drives financial planning excellence
The ability to digest financial data and related knowledge is important for financial planning practitioners, who also need effective communication skills in order to understand customers' needs and subsequently offer the best possible professional advice.
"People are more willing to talk about themselves in situations where they feel they are being heard. In addition to basic communications, attentive listening skills show clients that we really want to help," says Lofee Lo, financial planning consultant, international personal banking, Citibank Global Consumer Group.
With the bank's support, Ms Lo entered this year's Hong Kong Institute of Bankers Outstanding Financial Management Planner Awards. Her presentation on interpersonal and communication skills earned her a place as a group A finalist. "The experience was extremely rewarding and I've learnt a lot from the judges' comments," she notes.
Superior attributes
Effective communication skills are essential for success in the financial planning industry, as they pave the way for long-term trusting relationships with clients, Ms Lo believes. She says, "Quality communication is always a two-way street. We speak to customers about investment opportunities and listen to their financial needs, consolidating crucial personal information to draw up sensible investment plans."
Clients' personal portfolios need to reflect their individual financial situations and tolerance for risk. For this reason, Ms Lo is sensitive to clients' privacy needs and utilise different tools to collect personal background information from them. "For example, instead of asking clients what they earn, we may ask them to rate the prices of certain electrical appliances to get an idea of their financial perception and capabilities."
She notes that by tactfully using indirect indicators and other popular products as reference, she and her colleagues can get an accurate picture of customers' financial situations without asking invasive questions.
Some customers will only disclose important personal information under certain circumstances, so it is crucial that the bank's financial planning practitioners win their trust through sincere interaction.
Frontline professionals at Citibank are supported by a unique Citigold Wealth Planner (CWP) system for analysing customers' personal portfolios. It offers a comprehensive 45-minute questionnaire that ensures clients' understanding of financial terms and proposed plans.
Respect diversity
If customers have doubts or concerns over the proposed plans, Ms Lo will explain the related data and information at length: "Some customers, particularly first-time investors, need plenty of time to think things over. The best way to resolve their doubts is to let them know that we have their interests at heart."
After identifying customer concerns, she pulls in support from the bank's consultants on different markets. "They will, for instance, introduce a treasury specialist to customers with concerns over the currency market," she explains.
This part of the process usually takes considerable time and it is an advantage if financial planners can communicate effectively with customers from different backgrounds. "By listening to our customers and getting to know their personalities, we develop an understanding of how to work with them," she points out. "The secret is to find common ground so that we can relate to customers and build relationships," she says.
Contrary to misperception, a career in financial planning is not just another sales job, and Ms Lo does not believe persuasive skills are essential. "We would never push customers to buy a product off the shelf and rush them into a transaction," she says. "Instead, our job is to make our customers aware of the facts and relevant market updates, so that they are able to make informed decisions on their financial future."
Ms Lo's customers include people from a range of industries, from doctors to retail sales staff and airline workers. "Although we are all different, as long as we respect each other, we can always learn and benefit from effective communications," she concludes.
Free Subscription


text: Hi i have managed to scratch the front screen on my htc tattoo, by stupidly putting my keys in the same pocket as my phone. has any one else done this, and has anyone actually had to change the screen yet them selves. Im sure it should be relatively easy as long as you have the right tools. any responses would be great. Dom


text: Hi there people,my name is Ian,i live in the UK and have just bought my first 80cc bike,Think the engine has come from china:detective:not sure?? no marking on the cases,It has a 29 tooth rear sprocket on it at the moment, but if find this a bit to high geared for it,so replasing it with the 44 tooth that came with it,im into airbrushing,i also have a 650 yamaha dragstar,a GS550 suzuki(hardtail)and im building a yamaha 1100 virago,should be ready for the summer. ill put some photos up in the next few weeks,


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The Son That Former NFL Player Rae Carruth Tried To Kill Turns 18, Still Suffering From Permanent Brain Damage
The former wide receiver, who plotted the murder of his ex, Cherica Adams, is scheduled to be released from prison soon.
Apple Music is just one day away from debuting to the world, and there's been a lot of news on exclusives that'll be premiering along with it.
Not only will Taylor Swift's 1989 be available on Apple Music, but Dr. Dre's The Chronic will also be making its streaming debut tomorrow. A source confirmed to Rolling Stone that the G-Funk classic will be on there, so get ready to relive the entire album in a higher quality.
Interestingly enough, Dr. Dre's The Chronic was not available on Beats Music when it launched in 2014 or other competitors like Spotify and Rhapsody. Rolling Stone reports that Dre won a lawsuit against Death Row Records for the digital rights of the album in 2011. While Dre owns 100 percent of the earnings of all The Chronic digital sales, Death Row retained the rights of the LP on all physical mediums.
With more big artists jumping on board to Apple Music, who knows what the future holds next.
Click here for a chance to win a girls' trip to Miami!
BET.com is your No. 1 source for Black celebrity news, photos, exclusive videos and all the latest in the world of hip hop and R&B music.
(Photo: Death Row / Interscope / Priority)
The former wide receiver, who plotted the murder of his ex, Cherica Adams, is scheduled to be released from prison soon.
Each of the men could be served a life sentence in prison.
Presented by


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Shuttle Discovery lands in Florida
Space shuttle Discovery and its crew landed at 3:14 p.m. EDT Saturday at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, completing a 13-day journey of more than 5.3 million miles.
The STS-119 flight delivered the space station's fourth and final set of solar array wings, completing the station's truss, or backbone. The additional electricity provided by the arrays will fully power science experiments and help support station operations. During three spacewalks, astronauts installed the S6 truss segment to the starboard, or right, side of the station and accomplished important tasks to prepare the station for future upgrades and additions later this year.
Lee Archambault commanded the flight and was joined by Pilot Tony Antonelli and Mission Specialists Joseph Acaba, Steve Swanson, Richard Arnold, John Phillips and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Koichi Wakata. Wakata remained aboard the station, replacing Flight Engineer Sandra Magnus, who returned to Earth on Discovery after more than four months on the station.


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The Bride Trailer (1985)
"Here Comes . . .The BRIDE" 16 August 1985 Drama, Horror, Romance 114 mins
Sting is Doctor Frankenstein in this remake of the old classic film Bride of Frankenstein. After years of research, the doctor finally succeeds in creating the perfect woman, who gets the name "Eva".
Watch the official The Bride 1985 trailer in HD below or find more The Bride videos on Vidimovie.


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The Viability of Liberalism Related Issue #3. Read the opening two paragraphs page 300 R eview each of the images Read the three quotations on pages 300-301 and decide w hat the point of view is in each of them:. Write out the issue question for Related Issue #3 from page 301. Quote #3
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Related Issue #3
Read the opening two paragraphs page 300
Review each of the images
Read the three quotations on pages 300-301 and decide
what the point of view is in each of them:
Write out the issue question for Related Issue #3 from page 301
Quote #3
More modern liberal principles are embraced by people who are younger and more classical or conservative liberal principles are embraced by people who are older
Quote #1
Liberalism is about how its beliefs are held and not about specific opinions regarding those beliefs…it is in constant evolution
Quote #2
Liberalism is the fairest ideology with respect to minority groups in society
Understandings of liberalism, citizenship, ideology, political and economic systems and government practices are integral to your study of Related Issue #3.
Chapter Nine
Read Pages 302– 303
How is it possible that Canada consistently ranks within the top ten best countries in the world in which to live, according to the United Nations'' human development scale, when many Aboriginal communities in Canada are living in conditions similar to those of a developing country?
Write out the issue question for Chapter Nine from page 303
The opening section of chapter nine will be focusing on…
The effects of the imposition of liberalism on First Nations, Métis and Inuit peoples by North American colonial governments- and later by the Canadian government
The differences between Aboriginal and European ideologies
How the above differences led to conflicts over issues such as governance and land holding
Efforts taken to assimilate Aboriginal peoples into non-Aboriginal Canadian society
Aboriginal Experiences of Liberalism in Canada
In Canada, Aboriginal peoples includes First Nations, Metis and Inuit peoples
Use this term when a specific group is not named
Indigenous peoples is the most appropriate general term to use when discussing first peoples
The term Indian is considered offensive to many in Canada, but is actually preferred by
others outside of Canada
Click here for more information
Refer to page 116 to remind yourself how this historical Iroquois document is related to classical liberalism
The Great Law of Peace provided the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) peoples with a constitution that dates back to the 15th century.
The Great Binding Law, as it sometimes is referred to, has three main principles: righteousness, health and power – all characteristics of liberalism.
Take a look at the original document.
It has been argued that many of the principles of liberalism originated in traditional Aboriginal societies.
In Canada, our Aboriginal communities use liberal ideas such as elected leaders, government by consensus, leadership on the basis of merit, just punishment, and concepts of equality and equality before the law.
Name some situations where Aboriginal peoples and Canadian governments have come into conflict .
Why do you think the relationship between Canada's First Nations peoples and governments has occasionally been marked by troubles and conflicts?
What are the main concerns of Canada's First Nations peoples?
How have the First Nations sought to present these concerns to governments and society as a whole?
How successful have First Nations been in having their issues addressed, and gaining a resolution to their main concerns?
Aboriginal Experiences in Canada
A Closer Look
Browse the Oka topic for 15 to 20 minutes (CBC archives) watching and listening to the
video and audio clips in any order you wish.
As you explore, make notes about the following:
What were the main causes of the Oka crisis?
Who were the major individuals involved in it?
What were the main events of the crisis during the summer of 1990?
How was the crisis eventually ended?
What was the impact of the crisis on relations between First Nations peoples and governments in Canada?
Why did the Oka crisis receive so much attention in Canada during the summer of 1990?
Using the CBC Radio and Television Archives Web site along with other relevant sources of information:
Prepare a summary or overview of one of the following issues involving First Nations peoples and governments in Canada:
You may also choose another important issue involving an attempt by the Canadian government to impose liberalism on Aboriginal peoples in Canada.
Aboriginal Experiences of Liberalism in Canada AssignmentWhat to include:
After reading up to page 310, take the following notes on:
Early Conflict
In the 19th century, the ideology of classical liberalism, and the concept of progress associated with it, became a dominant force in the thinking of many European and North American colonial leaders.
This 'faith in progress' had become an ideology:
"…it consists of irreversible changes in one direction only, and that this direction is towards improvement"
This ideology contrasted sharply with beliefs that are considered common in most aboriginal cultures, known as:
"The Laws of Sacred Life" "Laws of Nature" and "Laws of Mutual Support"
The principles included in these laws (as found on page 306) lead to misunderstandings in areas such as land ownership, education, work and governance
Viewed land ownership differently
Europeans believed that they personally could own the land
First Nations believed that land was borrowed from the Creator – not something that was
As more immigrants arrived, more land was needed
Treaties were signed
In exchange for the land, First Nations were given annual payments, social and economic
benefits, and continued use of some land and resources
First Nations used oral agreements and traditions, Europeans had a history of written
Language was a barrier – interpreters didn't grasp both languages, some words
(exclusive land ownership) had no equivalent in First Nations languages
Europeans called the legal status of these agreements into question, even though they
were written
Came to believe that First Nations were not sovereign nations and stopped treating the
treaties as valid international agreements
Gradual Civilization Act (1857)
Any First Nations male who gave up his official Indian status would be considered
enfranchised and given 50 acres of land for his personal use
He would continue to receive his share of treaty settlements and band money
When he died, ownership of land would be given to his children and removed from the
band's reserve
Defined what First Nations could and could not do
Defined who was considered to be a First Nations person
Encouraged Aboriginals to abandon their Indian status and identity to become members of
Canadian society
Regarded First Nations' children as wards of the state
Tried to suppress cultures by banning traditional practices (see page 315 for an example)
Until 1960, voting was only allowed for those who moved off of the reserve (and was therefore not considered to be a status Indian) and gave up their treaty rights
Mandatory boarding schools for Aboriginal children that had the primary goal of
assimilating them into Western cultures and traditions
According to the Indian Act, the federal government was responsible for the education of
First Nations children
School age children were taken from their families and placed in these schools where they
lived, worked, and studied
Returned home for the summer and required to return in August
More Info:
Residential Propaganda: CBC - 1955
Aboriginal people in Canada took hope with the election of Pierre Trudeau's Liberals in 1968.
They were outraged when the White Paper introduced by Minister of Indian and Northern Affairs Jean Chretien a year later amounted to an assimilation program: the repeal of the Indian Act, the transfer of Indian affairs to the provinces, the elimination of separate legal status native people.
TheUnjust Society, Cree leader Harold Cardinal's stinging rebuttal, was an immediate best-seller, and it remains one of the most important books ever published.
Cardinal summed up the government's approach as "The only good Indian is a non-Indian." He coined the term "buckskin curtain" to describe the barriers that indifference, ignorance and bigotry had placed in the way of his people. He insisted on his right to remain "a red tile in the Canadian mosaic." Above all, he called for radical changes in policy on aboriginal rights, education, social programs and economic development.
The Unjust Society heralded a profound change in the political landscape. Thirty years later, however, the buckskin curtain has still not disappeared. Canada's First Nations continue their fight for justice. And Harold Cardinal's vision is as compelling and powerful as ever.
Read pages 310 – top 312 in preparation for taking the following notes
Taking a Stand against Assimilation:
The Red Paper
National Indian Brotherhood published:
"Citizen Plus"
Aboriginals responded with their own document, named Citizens Plus, in 1970
This became more commonly known as the Red Paper
The Red Paper countered all of the proposals of the White Paper
An Aboriginal delegation, backed by other Canadian citizens, met with the government and successfully convinced it to radically change its policies and positions
See page 311 of your text.
The constitutional document was signed by the Queen in Canada on April 17, 1982
It included two additional sections dealing with the aboriginal peoples
Section 25 which provides guarantees and protection of aboriginal and treaty rights in relation to the Charter of Rights
Section 37 which dealt with a future constitutional conference which would include Aboriginal Representatives
A series of constitutional conferences on Aboriginal rights were held between 1983 and 1987
Land Claims and the Constitution
Read the rest of page 312 – 314 and take your own summary notes on these two sections
The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples and the Healing Fund
When finished…
Explore the Issues: Complete 1(a) & 1(b) on page 316
Bringing Liberalism to the World
Read over the quote on page 318
From a multiculturalist perspective, no political doctrine or ideology can represent the full truth of human life. Each of them – be it liberalism, conservatism, socialism or nationalism – is embedded in a particular culture, represents a particular vision of the good life, and is necessarily narrow and partial. Liberalism, for example, is an inspiring political doctrine stressing such great values as human dignity, autonomy, liberty, critical thought and equality. However, they can be defined in several different ways, of which the liberal is only one and not always the most coherent.
And [liberalism]also ignores or marginalizes such other great values as human solidarity, community, a sense of rootedness, selflessness, deep and self-effacing humility and contentment. Since it grasps only some aspects of the immensely complex human existence and misses out too much of what gives value to life, liberalism, socialism or for that matter any other political doctrine cannot provide the sole basis of the good society. Political doctrines are ways of structuring political life and do not offer a comprehensive philosophy of life. And even so far as political life is concerned, they need to be interpreted and defined in the light of the wider culture and the unique history and political circumstances of the community concerned.
To what extent is the position expressed in the quotation consistent with the principles of liberalism?
Does the quotation provided an argument based on individualism, on concern for collectivism, or on aspects of both of these ideas?
Who, if anyone, has the right to impose his or her ideology on another?
Bringing Liberalism to the World
While reading pages 318 - 325 complete questions 1-5 in the handout:
Bringing Liberalism to the World
Political turmoil and poor management of the economy have led to considerable economic hardships.
As you watch this report, decide if Mugabe's reaction (pg. 324) is warranted.
Zimbabwe – A Failed State
Continue reading up to page 329 and complete the rest of the handout:
Bringing Liberalism to the World
When finished…
Explore the Issues: Complete #1 on page 330
The drive to assimilate First Nations into the mainstream of Canadian life by changing their customs, dress, occupations, language, religion and philosophy. This has always been an element in Federal-First Nations relations.
Trying to improve the lives of others and to reduce their sufferings through various means, including social reform and aid.
An act of Parliament first passed in 1867, since amended many times, dealing with the governance of reserves, and the rights and benefits of registered individuals. Included under the act are First Nations peoples (and other descendants) who signed treaties or were otherwise registered in the act.


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A Tabletop Test of Special Relativity Using Atoms
posted on October 10, 2012 by Webmaster
Justin M. Brown, University of California, Berkeley
Tuesday, October 9, 2012 4:30 pm Millikan Lab – Room 134
Gravity and quantum mechanics are expected to unify at the Planck scale described by an exceeding large energy of 1019 GeV. This regime is far from the reach of the highest energy colliders, but tests of fundamental symmetries provide an avenue to explore physics at this scale from the low energy world. Proposed theories of quantum gravity suggest possible breaking of Lorentz and CPT symmetry that have so far been unobserved. I present results from my recent graduate work that improved the existing limits of a Lorentz- and CPT-violating background field coupling to the neutron spin by a factor of 30. In a tabletop setup, polarized atomic vapors of K and 3He form a comagnetometer to suppress magnetic fields but remain sensitive to non-magnetic spin couplings. A distinctive feature of our apparatus is a rotating platform for frequent reversals of the comagnetometer with respect to the celestial frame. Rotating the apparatus introduces several systematic effects, the largest of which is the rotation of the earth. I will highlight continuing improvements to the experiment including transfer to the South Pole in December to eliminate the Earth's rotation background entirely.
The Evolution of Flamenco Guitar: The International Flamenco Scene
posted on October 10, 2012 by Webmaster
Eric Puma (PO, 2014)
2012 Iberian Grant Winner
Tuesday, October 9, 2012
Noon to 1:00pm
Oldenborg Dining Hall, south side
From southern Spain to the world stage, flamenco music has grown far beyond its humble roots. What changes has flamenco undergone as it has become more known globally? Has flamenco become unmoored from it historical roots? Does flamenco carry different nuances across different cultures? Join 2012 Iberian Grant winner Eric Puma for an afternoon of food, music, history, and guitar performance as he recounts his journey to Granada, Spain to discover the answers to these questions.
Eric Puma is a third-year physics major at Pomona College. He has studied guitar for six years and flamenco in particular for three under the guidance of Jack Sanders and Jorge "El Pisao." Eric is also trained in percussion, trumpet, and voice training in various styles such as Latin and Afro-Cuban jazz and classical.
Established in 1988 as the result of a generous gift from a distinguished alumna of the college, the Iberian Grant has provided the opportunity for one Pomona student each summer to pursue an independent research project in Spain or Portugal. There are no departmental or disciplinary constraints on the kinds of projects that the grant supports. The purpose of the program serves to encourage students to apply their knowledge of Castilian, Portuguese, and the other Iberian languages to projects found across the academic spectrum.


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text:
Toyota of Puyallup
Review for Toyota of Puyallup
MICHAEL H. on 11/18/2015
"Customer service is great."
Very accommodating. Everyone is always soooo nice?
Vehicle: TOYOTA RAV4
Category: Service
Service Date: 11/17/2015
Review Created: 11/18/2015 04:33 PM
Kerry S., President & General Manager at Toyota of Puyallup responded on 11/18/2015
Thank you for the 5 star review, Michael. We're glad to hear you're treated well when you're here. We'll see you soon!
President & General Manager
Toyota of Puyallup


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Play the Rio Grande Club Golf Course Near Creede, CO as Our Guest
By special arrangement, 4UR guests have golf privileges at the nearby Rio Grande Club, a spectacular 18-hole championship golf course near Creede, CO just a twenty minute drive down the road. This first class club has built a reputation as one of the finest championship courses in the southwest. Want to take a break from horseback riding and fly fishing? Rio Grande Club is just the place to get in a round in the middle of your ranch vacation.


text:
Swedish Beers on Tour: San Francisco Edition 2016
Heroes of Mobile
Monday, 2 May 2016 from 18:30 to 21:30 (PDT)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
We're on Tour! Please also see our other events - Mountain View on Tuesday 3 May, New York City on Thursday 5 May and Los Angeles on Monday 9 May. we'll be discussing Artificial Intelligence and the future of mobile with James Tagg, Co-founder and CTO of Truphone.
Well, it's been a while since my last trip Stateside but I'm pleased to be coming back to connect with US friends, old and new. To that end, I'm putting on a Swedish Beers party on Monday 2 May in San Francisco and would love to see you all there.
For those of you who aren't sure what Swedish Beers is, it's a mobile networking event that I've been running since 2001 with regular parties in London and Barcelona (the week of Mobile World Congress) with additional ad hoc parties in San Francisco, New York, Leeds and Berlin that attracts mobile execs from all corners of the industry.
If you have a passing interest in mobile technology, like to chew the fat without any frills, formalities, sales pitches or death by powerpoint, then Swedish Beers is for you!
I look forward to seeing you soon.
PS still some sponsorship opportunities available for this and other dates, let me know if you can help
Date: Monday 2nd May 2016
Time: 6.30pm until 9.30pm
Venue: Keeper's Share, Rickhouse Bar, 246 Kearny St, San Francisco CA94108
About our sponsors
About Truphone: Imagine not thinking twice about using your phone when away. Download your Spotify playlist by mistake? It doesn't matter. Because our network is global, there won't be roaming costs. Instead, there's one world plan to cover whichever country you're in, one SIM that never needs swapping. And wherever you go, you get the same quality coverage as home, with the same customer support. With Truphone, you'll be roaming free.
About FTI: FTI Strategic Communications is an Advisory Firm that uses research-driven insights; expert networks; and multi-media content to shape how clients and third parties find, absorb and share business-critical information. We serve clients with seasoned senior professionals – who analyze, define and act by drawing on the knowledge and influence of FTI as a whole. Many firms offer competent messaging. Few if any reliably provide our hallmark: results-driven communications systems that shape confidence in an organization's future and explain its decisions in the past. Our core team integrates hackers, military and tech journalists, bloggers, financial analysts and sales experts who help companies think differently about the future of their business as it relates to technology, markets and regulation. Come and meet some of them at our event.
Registration details may be shared with our sponsors.
This is a Heroes of Mobile Event http://mobileheroes.net/
Like us on Facebook http://facebook.com/swedishbeers
Follow us on Twitter http://twitter.com/swedishbeers
Connect with us on LinkedIn
When & Where
Keeper's Share
Rickhouse Bar
246 Kearny Street
San Francisco,
California 94108
Monday, 2 May 2016 from 18:30 to 21:30 (PDT)
Add to my calendar
Heroes of Mobile
Founded by mobile media industry veteran, Helen Keegan, Heroes of Mobile is about knowledge and networking events and other initiatives to help people get their heads round what to do when it comes to mobile.
We'll be back in Barcelona on Sunday 25 February to Thursday 1 March 2018. Get in touch if you'd like to host an event or sponsor one as part of the Heroes of the Mobile Fringe Festival.
2017 Sponsors:


text:
Antarctic Woman Pioneer Dies
Edith Maslin Ronne, who was one of the first two women to spend more than part of a day in Antarctica and for whom the Ronne Ice Shelf in Antarctica is named, died on Sunday, June 14, in Bethesda, Md.
She was the wife of Finn Ronne, the noted polar explorer who led the last privately sponsored U.S. Antarctic expedition in 1947-48. Expedition members, including Jackie Ronne, spent 15 months exploring more than a quarter million square miles of Antarctica from a base on Stonington Island on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula.
These explorations included the region where the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf is located. The Ronne Ice Shelf is the larger part of the shelf, which is divided by Berkner Island.
Jackie Ronne had planned to travel as far as Valparaiso, Chile, on the ship taking the expedition to Antarctica. But her husband persuaded her to continue to Antarctica to file the newspaper stories he had contracted to send. Jennie Darlington, the wife of Harry Darlington, one of the expedition's pilots, wanted to go along also, and talked her husband and Finn Ronne into it.
The only woman known to have even briefly visited Antarctica before 1947 was Caroline Mikkelsen, the wife of a Norwegian whaling ship captain, who spent about six hours ashore in 1935.
After the Ronne expedition returned home no women went to Antarctica as part of a U.S. expedition until 1969, when the U.S. Navy, which then operated U.S. Antarctic bases, changed its policy of not allowing women on its flights to Antarctica. Today approximately a third of all U.S. scientists and support staff in Antarctica are women and women have been station managers, including manager of the South Pole Station.
Jackie Ronne returned several times to Antarctica, including on a Navy-sponsored flight with her husband to the South Pole in 1971. She was the seventh woman at the South Pole; the Navy had flown six women who were working elsewhere in Antarctica there for a day the previous year.
Her daughter, Karen Ronne Tupeka, says Jackie Ronne returned to the Stonington Island base in 1995 as a guest lecturer on the expedition cruise ship Explorer and continued lecturing on cruises for a number of years. She made a total of 15 trips to the Antarctic.
Jackie Ronne was a fellow of The Explorer's Club, a past president of the Society of Woman Geographers, honorary board member of The Antarctican Society as well as The American Polar Society.
The Ronne Family Antarctic Explorers Web site has a great deal of information including links to news stories about Jackie Ronne. Some of the material in this story is from that site and also from Jack Williams, The Complete Idiot's Gide to the Arctic and Antarctic, pages 165-166.
Both photos used with the permission of Karen Ronne Tupeka