text:
FtsZ Polymerization Assays: Simple Protocols and Considerations
1Department of Molecular Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen
1Department of Molecular Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen
1Interdisciplinary research center HALOmem, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 2Department of Chemistry, Kings College London
1Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, 2Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University
1Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Technische Universität München
Source: Laboratory of Dr. Jimmy Franco - Merrimack College
Column chromatography is one of the most useful techniques for purifying compounds. This technique utilizes a stationary phase, which is packed in a column, and a mobile phase that passes through the column. This technique exploits the differences in polarity between compounds, allowing the molecules to be facilely separated.1 The two most common stationary phases for column chromatography are silica gel (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3), with the most commonly used mobile phases being organic solvents.2 The solvent(s) chosen for the mobile phase are dependent on the polarity of the molecules being purified. Typically more polar compounds require more polar solvents in order to facilitate the passage of the molecules through the stationary phase. Once the purification process has been completed the solvent can be removed from the collected fractions using a rotary evaporator to yield the isolated material.…
1Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, 2Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University
1MR Neuroimaging Agents, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics
1Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
1Molecular Plant Genetics, Universität Hamburg
1Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, 2Department of Microbiology, Monash University, 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University
1Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 2European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 3School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, 4Groupe de Microscopie Electronique et Méthodes, Institut de Biologie Structurale
1Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 2Graduate Group in Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, 3Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Oregon Health & Science University
1Institute of Environment Health and Societies, Brunel University London, 2Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University
1Chemistry Department, Hamilton College
1College of Nursing, Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Research Laboratory, Seattle University, 2College of Science and Engineering, Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Research Laboratory, Seattle University
1National Research Institute of Police Science
1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio University, 2Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, 3Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
1Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 2School of Technology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology
1School of Chemistry, The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales
1Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 3Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University
1Max von Pettenkofer-Institut & Genzentrum, Virologie, Nationales Referenzzentrum für Retroviren, Medizinische Fakultät, LMU München, 2Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 3Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
1Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Proteomics Center of Excellence, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 2Institute of Chemistry, Proteomics Unit, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 3Department of Cell Biology, Brazilian Center for Protein Research, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, University of Brasilia
1Department of Biology, KU Leuven
1Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 2University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
1Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 2Friedrich Schiller University
1Department of Otolaryngology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida
1School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University
1Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology
1Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 2College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University
1Proteomic Mass Spectrometry, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
1Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 2Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, 3Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Source: Laboratory of Jeff Salacup - University of Massachusetts Amherst
The product of an organic solvent extraction, a total lipid extract (TLE), is often a complex mixture of hundreds, if not thousands, of different compounds. The researcher is often only interested in a handful of compounds. The compounds of interest may belong to one of several classes of compounds, such as alkanes, ketones, alcohols, or acids (Figure 1), and it may be useful to remove the compound classes to which it does not belong in order to get a clearer view of the compounds you are interested in. For example, a TLE may contain 1,000 compounds, but the Uk'37 sea surface temperature proxy is based on only two compounds (alkenones) and the TEX86 sea surface temperature proxy is based on only four (glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers). It would behoove the researcher to remove as many of the compounds they are not interested in. This makes the instrumental analysis of the compounds of interest (alkenones or GDGTs) less likely to be complicated by other extraneous compounds. In other cases, an upstream purification technique may have produced compounds you wish to now remove from the sample, such as the production of carboxylic acids during saponification in our …
1Joint BioEnergy Institute, 2Environmental and Systems Biology, BioSciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
1Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), 2Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical School, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 3Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical School, Otto von Guericke University
1Departments of Pathology and Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, 2University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 3Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, 4Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, Behavioral & Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University
1Great Lakes Science Center, U. S. Geological Survey, 2Annis Water Resources Institute, Grand Valley State University, 3Daniel P. Haerther Center for Conservation and Research, Shedd Aquarium
1Department of Biological Sciences, Markey Center for Structural Biology, Purdue University, 2National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, 3National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), National Institutes of Health
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Central Michigan University, 2Department of Chemistry, University of Southern Maine
1Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 2Cardiovascular Tissue Bank of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 3Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Cardiovascular Section, University of Milan, 4Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Development and Innovation Cardiac Surgery Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS
1Institute for Applied Physics - Biophysics, Vienna University of Technology, 2Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University of Vienna
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, 2School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University
1Department of Physical Chemical Biology, Center for Biological Research (CIB-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 2Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of Medicine, 3Abvance Biotech srl
1Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester
1GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA, Área de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valladolid
1Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas
1Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 2Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Kansas University Medical Center
1Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg
1Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 3Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine


text:
States Act to Limit 'Drive-By Porn'31 May, 2005 By: Holly J. Wagner
The Michigan Legislature is expected to pass a bill that would outlaw watching porn on car DVD players in the view of others, becoming the third state to do so.
Aimed at protecting children from obscene material, the bill would fine a motorist $1,500 for a first offense, $5,000 for a second offense, and the third time could get the offending motorist up to a $10,000 fine and 93 days in jail. The law would apply if people outside of, but within 100 feet of, a vehicle could see or hear porn playing inside.
A similar law in Tennessee, the first state to pass such a law, took effect last July, but fines there range from a mere $2 to $50.
Louisiana's law took effect last August. It carries penalties of $500 and up to six months in jail for a first offense, $1,000 and up to a year in jail for a second offense and repeat offenders must register with the state as sex offenders.
Oklahoma and California have so far rejected such bills, but legislators have vowed to revive them as onboard players get more common.
The measure California's Assembly rejected in March would have imposed a maximum fine of $500 and up to six months in jail; Oklahoma's would have carried a $500 fine for violators.

subset: commoncrawl


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text:
Film-makers Ester Gould and Reijer Zwaan seek out and reunite the backing dancers recruited by Madonna for her 1990 Truth or Dare tour and its accompanying documentary. This became a scandal for "backstage" footage of an all-male kiss, noted here as an under-remembered historical moment in gay openness.
Amsterdam-based artist and director Ruben Van Leer's latest film is a high-energy portrait of professional tenor and amateur boxer Frank Engel, made in collaboration with the Dutch National Opera with the aim of attracting a different audience into its drama-filled world. Here, Van Leer talks about the story behind the film.
Blessed Benefit is a tongue-in-cheek recommendation for a brief stay in Jordan's friendly prison system, described as far saner than life in the rest of the country. This well-made feature marks a successful move to narrative filmmaking for documaker Mahmoud al Massad, a Jordanian now based in Holland.
For Ludwig, the jaded hotel inspector at the centre Home Suite Home, hotels have become a chore to be critiqued and nitpicked rather than enjoyed, that is until he receives an unexpected wake-up call. DN invited Jeroen to share how he brought together world-class actors in a working hotel for his tale of a life rediscovered.
In a fascinating merging of creativity and technology, the humans at J. Walter Thompson Amsterdam taught a computer to paint like Rembrandt. The resulting painting is a completely new portrait, not a replica, and it's indistinguishable from the real thing.
An unexpected dinnertime encounter turns hotel living on its head. Amsterdam-based director Jeroen Houben talks about his film Home Suite Home, which follows an extraordinary day (and night) in the life of a longstanding hotel inspector.
KLM Royal Dutch Airlines and Heineken invited people whose birthday is on 27 April to an Orange Experience on King's Day. The guests came from all over the world. They were given a unique introduction to the Netherlands' traditional celebrations of the King's birthday.
Strike A Pose will soon be premiering at the Tribeca Film Festival, and from what we can see so far, the documentary chronicling Madonna's backup dancers from her 1990 Blond Ambition World Tour looks INCREDIBLE!
A frank on-and-off-stage record of Madonna's Blond Ambition World Tour, 1991's "Truth or Dare" invited controversy for numerous reasons. A quarter-century later, directors Ester Gould and Reijer Zwaan check back in with the surviving performers.


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Contact us 1.877.594.3156
Participants will learn the basics of generator protection combined with hands-on training using actual relays. Laboratory exercises will cover proper relay maintenance, specific test procedures, and detailed adjustment and calibration procedures utilizing state of the art relay test sets. Participants learn the applicable NETA testing standards, what test result information should be recorded and what hand tools are necessary for proper relay adjustment and calibration.
Understanding proper relay maintenance procedures will ensure that the generator and prime mover are protected from damage and are operating within prescribed boundaries. This course provides the understanding of generator protective zones and their associated protective relays.
This course is developed to challenge test technicians who want to thoroughly understand generator and unit protection and the testing, calibration, and maintenance of generator protective relays.
The Protective Relay Maintenance Generation course is an intensive, hands-on, lab oriented presentation covering:
The student should have basic knowledge of AC/DC electricity. In addition, students must bring a scientific calculator. Technicians that successfully complete this course will be certified to maintain electromechanical relays that protect generators. This certification is valid for 3 years from the date of issue.
This course is required for our Generation Protective Relay Maintenance Technician Certification Program.
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text:
Topotecan in Treating Patients With Advanced Ovarian Epithelial, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer
This study has been completed.
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First Posted: March 7, 2003
Last Update Posted: June 26, 2013
Information provided by:
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
No Study Results Posted on ClinicalTrials.gov for this Study
|Study Status:
|This study has been completed.
|Study Completion Date:
|October 2007
|Primary Completion Date:
|No date given


text:
GATLINBURG (WATE) – A Sevier County Schools spokesperson says a couple of buildings had minor damage, but none were destroyed in the wildfires. There will be no school on Wednesday.
Dr. Debra Cline reports some wind damage to a roof at Wearwood Elementary School in Wears Valley and some minor wind and smoke damage at Pi Beta Phi Elementary School in the heart of Gatinburg. A crew is in place at Wearwood cleaning up four classrooms. Window repairs and smoke cleanup will happen as soon as it is safe for crews to re-enter the building.
More coverage: Wildfires
No damage was reported at Pittman Center Elementary School or Gatlinburg-Pittman High School. A pump house at Greenbrier Alternative School had minor damage.


text:
Cast your Android screen from the Google Home app
Casting your Android screen allows you to mirror your Android device to the TV so that you can enjoy your content exactly as you see it on your mobile device – only bigger.
- Casting your Android screen is available on devices running Android 4.4.2 or higher. Please note: Some devices have been optimised for screen casting so your experience may vary.
- Casting your Android screen is not supported on iOS or Windows devices.
- Please make sure that you turn off "Power Saving Mode" on your Android device. Power Saving Mode can limit the processing power of your device which might affect the performance of the Cast Screen feature.
- Important: The "Microphone" permission in the Google Play Services app needs to be turned on to successfully use the 'Cast Screen/Audio' feature with Chromecast. If you don't have this permission turned on, then the Cast Screen session will immediately disconnect after trying to connect.
- To turn on microphone permissions:
- On your Android device, tap Settings .
- Scroll down and tap Apps > Google Play Services > Permissions.
- Look for "Microphone" and slide the slider On .
- To turn on microphone permissions:
Cast your screen from your Android device
- Connect your Android device to the same Wi-Fi network as your Chromecast or TV with Chromecast built in.
- Open the Google Home app .
- In the top-left corner of the home screen, tap Menu > Cast Screen/audio > Cast Screen/audio.
- Select your Chromecast or TV with Chromecast built in.
Stop casting your screen from your Android device
From the notification drawer:
- Pull down the notification drop-down drawer on your Android device.
- Tap Disconnect on the notification bar.
- Open the Google Home app .
- Tap Cast Screen/audio > Disconnect.
Adjust the volume when casting your Android screen
- Open the Google Home app .
- In the upper-right corner of the home screen, tap Devices to see your available Chromecast or TV with Chromecast built in.
- Scroll to find the device card for the Chromecast or TV with Chromecast built in that is currently casting content.
- Tap the Volume button on the device card.
- Move the slider to the left or right to adjust the volume.
Any Questions? Post a question and search for answers in the Chromecast Help Forum.
Elise is a Chromecast expert and author of this help page. Leave her feedback below about the page.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Dec 8, 2009
|Filing date
|Jun 17, 2008
|Priority date
|Feb 7, 2001
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Dong-Gyu Kim
|Original Assignee
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (14), Referenced by (6), Classifications (26), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/208,781, filed Aug. 23, 2005 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,116,391, by Dong-Gyu Kim, entitled "LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME," which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/062,465, filed Feb. 5, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,937,314, issued Aug. 30, 2005, which claims priority of Korean Patent Application No. 2001-5967, filed Feb. 7, 2001.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display and a manufacturing method thereof, and more specifically to a liquid crystal display and a manufacturing method thereof, in which connection stability is improved when connecting a COG (Chip On Glass), a COF (Chip On Film), or an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit film) to a driving circuit.
2. Description of the Related Art
In an information-oriented society these days, the role of an electronic display is getting more important. The electronic displays of all kinds are widely used in various industrial fields. As techniques of the electronic display field are continuously developed, various electronic displays having new functions are provided corresponding to diverse requirements of the information-oriented society.
Generally, the electronic display is an apparatus for visually transmitting information to a person. That is, an electric information signal output from various electronic equipments is converted into a visually recognizable optical information signal in the electronic display. Therefore, the electronic display serves as a bridge for connecting the person and the electronic equipments.
The electronic display is classified into an emissive display that displays the optical information signal by emitting lights, and a non-emissive display that displays the signal by optical modulation such as light-reflecting, dispersing and interference, etc. The emissive display is called an active display. Examples are a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube), a PDP (Plasma Display Panel), an LED (Light Emitting Diode) and an ELD (Eelectroluminescesnt Display), etc. The non-emissive display is called a passive display. The examples are an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and an EPID (Eelectrophoretic Image Display), etc.
The CRT has been used for image display such as in a television and a monitor, etc., over the longest period of time. The CRT has enjoyed the highest market share because of high display quality and low costs. However, it also has much disadvantage such as heavy weight, large volume and high power consumption.
Meanwhile, due to rapid development of semiconductor technologies, various kinds of electronic devices are driven at lower voltage and consuming less power, rendering the electronic equipments much slimmer and lighter. Therefore, a flat panel type display of slimmer and lighter property as well as the less driving voltage and lower power consumption property is required according to the new environment.
An LCD, among various flat panel type displays, is much slimmer and lighter than any other displays. It can be driven at a lower voltage and consume less power. It also shows high display quality similar to the CRT. Therefore, the LCD is widely used in various electronic equipments. Further, since the LCD can be facilely manufactured, its application is getting wider. The LCD is classified into a backlight LCD that displays an image using an external light source and a reflective LCD that displays the image using ambient light instead of the external light source. Methods of manufacturing the backlight LCD and the reflective LCD are disclosed in Korean Paten Laid-Open Publication Nos. 1999-18395 entitled "Method of manufacturing polycrystalline silicon thin film transistor", 2000-66398 entitled "Method of manufacturing TFT LCD panel" and 2000-59471 entitled "Reflective type LCD and manufacturing method thereof".
Referring to
Thereafter, an in-situ doped n+ type amorphous silicon film is deposited on the gate insulating layer 25 and then patterned to form an amorphous silicon layer 30 and an ohmic contact layer 35 on the gate electrode 15.
The metallic material such as Mo, Al, Cr or W, etc., is further stacked on the gate electrode 15 and then patterned to form a source electrode 40 and a drain electrode 45. At this time, in a pad area 70 of the substrate 10, there is formed a data input terminal (not shown). Thus, in an active region 50 of the substrate 10 except the pad area 70, is formed a thin film transistor 60 including the gate electrode 15, the amorphous silicon layer 30, the ohmic contact layer 35, the source electrode 40 and the drain electrode 45.
Referring to
Referring to
Afterwards, the metallic material such as Al or Ni, having a high reflectivity, is deposited in an inner portion of the contact hole 80, 81 and on the organic insulating layer (protective layer) 75. The deposited metallic material is patterned in the form of a desired pixel to form a reflective electrode 85 and a pad 86. Then, an alignment layer is formed thereon. An upper substrate (not shown) including a color filter, a transparent electrode and the alignment layer is formed facing the lower substrate 10.
The upper substrates and the lower substrate are put together with spacers interposed therebetween. A liquid crystal layer is formed at a space between the upper substrate and the lower substrate to complete the LCD.
The completed LCD is connected to a connecting device such as a COG, a COF or an FPC, etc., so as to apply a driving signal through the pad 86 from an outside.
However, in the above-mentioned conventional method of manufacturing the LCD, since the organic insulating layer or other thick layer is used as the protective layer of the thin film transistor, a step difference is generated between a pad portion under which the metal layer is formed and a remaining portion. Therefore, there is a problem that a pressing failure occurs due to the step difference, when connecting a bump, etc., of the COG, the COF or the FPC to the pad portion.
Referring to
As a result, the protective layer is thickly formed in a thickness of about 5 pm, the terminal of the pad contact hole 102 is formed about 3-4 pm high. An adhesive resin (ACF:anisotropic conductive film) 108 a containing a conductive ball 108 b is coated thereon. A bump 110 connected to a terminal part of a driver IC is pressed on the ACF 108 a. Therefore, the pad 104 and the bump 110 are electrically connected to each other by the conductive ball 108 b compressed therebetween.
As shown in
In addition, if a misalignment between the bump and the pad occurs, the contact resistance further increases. The high contact resistance at the contact portion generates a large amount of resistance heat. As the result, the contact is cut off and thus the reliability of the device is lowered.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, there has been provided a terminal batch opening method.
Referring to
However, as shown in
Further, as shown in a "Y" portion of the
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an LCD capable of securing connection stability when connecting a COG, a COF and FPC, etc with an LCD panel.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method that is suitable for manufacturing the above LCD.
To achieve the aforementioned object of the present invention, there is provided an LCD comprising: a substrate; a pixel array formed on a display region of the substrate in a matrix configuration; a plurality of first terminals which are formed at a non-display region of the substrate, the first terminals having a contact region and applying an electrical signal to a plurality of column lines and row lines of the pixel array; a protective layer in which contact holes are formed corresponding to the contact region of each of the terminals, and which covers the pixel array and the first terminals; and a plurality of first pads formed on the protective layer to be overlapped with each of the first terminals with a surface area greater than the contact region, the first pads electrically connected through the contact holes to each of the first terminals and substantially electrically connected to an external circuit at a region other than the contact region.
Preferably, the terminals are aligned in zigzag of two rows. Each of first inner terminals arranged along an inside portion of the first row among the first terminals, has a first contact region at an inner portion thereof and a second contact region at an outer portion thereof and each of first outer terminals arranged along an outside portion of the first row among the first terminals has a first contact region at an outer portion thereof and a second contact region at an inner portion thereof.
Further, output terminals of at least one or more IC device are bonded at the area except the contact region of the first pads by a bump bonding method.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of second pads are formed on the protective layer to be aligned along an edge portion of the substrate in one row, and input terminals of the IC device are respectively bonded to one side of each second pad.
Preferably, the other side of each second pad is boned to terminals of a flexible printed circuit board, and the plurality of second pads are respectively electrically connected through at least one or more contact hole to a plurality of second terminals which is formed at a lower portion of the protective layer.
Preferably, an entire surface area of at least one or more contact region of each second terminal is one third and below of an entire surface area of each terminal.
The second terminals may respectively have the contact regions that are aligned at both ends of the second terminals in a length direct, or the plurality of contact regions that are aligned at regular intervals in the length direction, or the elongated contact regions which are aligned at both ends of the second terminals in width direction.
The first pads may be aligned in one row, and connected through other area except the contact region to terminals of a TCP, a COF or an FPC.
A reflective type LCD according to another embodiment of the present invention comprises a first substrate in which a plurality of pixels are formed into a matrix configuration at a center portion thereof, and a plurality of terminal parts for applying an electrical signal to the pixels is formed at an edge portion thereof; a second substrate which is formed to be opposite to the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer which is formed between the first and second substrates; a reflective electrode which is formed at the center portion of the first substrate to have an irregular portion; a protective layer which is formed from a first area to a second area between the first substrate and the reflective electrode to have an opening for exposing each contact region of the plurality of terminals, the protective layer having the same surface structure as the reflective electrode at the first area and a flat surface structure at the second area; and a plurality of pads which is formed on the protective layer to include the opening and have a surface area greater than the opening, and connected through other area except the opening to a terminal part of an external circuit.
Further, an LCD according to the present invention comprises a first substrate having a pixel array circuit in which a plurality of pixels are formed into a matrix configuration at a center portion thereof, a plurality of data pads formed at a first peripheral region to apply a data signal through each data line to the plurality of pixels, and a plurality of gate pads formed at a second peripheral region to apply a gate signal through each data line to the pixels; a second substrate in which a color filter array is formed corresponding to the center portion of the first substrate and a transparent common electrode is formed thereon; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates.
The device further comprises at least one or more data driving IC chip which is bump-bonded to the data pads at the first peripheral region by a COG mounting way; and a gate driving IC chip bonded to the gate pads at the second peripheral region by a COF mounting way, wherein the data pads respectively have a surface area greater than that of a contact region contacted with the data line and are bonded to each terminal of the data driving IC chip at an area except the contact region, and the gate pads respectively have a surface area greater than that of a contact region contacted with the gate line and are bonded to each terminal of the gate driving IC chip at the area except the contact region.
To achieve the aforementioned second object of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an LCD comprising the steps of depositing and photo-etching a first conductive material on a substrate to form a gate pattern including a gate electrode, a gate line, and a gate terminal part; covering the gate pattern with a gate insulating layer; depositing and photo-etching a semiconductor material and a second conductive material on the gate insulating layer to form a data pattern including an active pattern, source and drain electrodes, a data line and a data terminal part; covering a resultant material with a protective layer; photo-etching the protective layer to open a contact region of the source electrode, the gate terminal part and the data terminal part; depositing and photo-etching a conductive material on the protective layer to a pixel electrode and a bonding pad, the bonding pad having a surface area greater than the contact region; and bonding a terminal part of a driving IC device at an area except the contact region of the bonding pad.
The protective layer has an irregular surface, and the pixel electrode is formed of a reflective metallic material selected from a group consisting of Al, an Al alloy, Ag and an Ag alloy. The driving IC device is mounted by a TCP, COF or COG method.
According to the present invention, the pad is formed on the thick protective layer in its longitudinal direction to have twice or more surface area as large as the first contact region. The remaining flat area except the first contact region is provided as the second area for contacting with an external circuit terminal. Therefore, even if the misalignment between the external circuit terminal and the pad is generated, a preferred contact property can be maintained.
The above objects and other advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail the preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings in which:
Now, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the annexed drawings.
Referring to
On the non-display region 214, there are formed signal lines extended from the display region 212 to the non-display region 214, gate lines and pads connected to each end of data lines.
Further, in the non-display region 214, one end of a COG IC 210 as a data driving IC is connected to data line pads (not shown) by a bump bonding method, and the other end of the COG IC 210 is connected to a film cable or an FPC (flexible printed circuit) 220 to be connected through a circuit pattern formed at the peripheral area to an external integrated circuit board (not shown). The gate lines (not shown) are connected to a COF 230 as a flexible printed circuit having a gate driving IC device mounted thereon.
The first, second and third pads 204, 205, 206 are respectively formed with first contact regions 204 a, 205 a, 206 a and second contact regions 204 b, 205 b, 206 b. The second contact regions 204 b, 205 b, 206 b of each pad have a flat plane on the protective layer 203. The first, second and third pads 204, 205, 206 are respectively coated by anisotropic conductive adhesive resin 207. The anisotropic conductive adhesive resin 207 contains a plurality of conductive balls 208.
Bumps 211, 212 of the COG IC 210 are aligned with the second contact region 204 b, 205 b of the first and second pads 204. Then, the COG IC 210 is pressed to compress the conductive balls 208 between the bumps 211, 212 and the second contact regions 204 b, 205 b. Thus, the bumps 211, 212 are electrically connected with the first pad 204 and the second pad 205, respectively. The bump 211 is an output terminal of the COG IC 210, and the bump 212 is an input terminal of the COG IC 210.
Further, an output terminal 222 of the FPC 220 is aligned with the second contact region 206 b of the third pad 206 and then pressed on the second contact region 206 b. The conductive balls 208 are compressed between the output terminal 222 and the second contact region 206 b, so that the output terminal 222 of the FPC 210 is electrically connected with the third pad 206.
Referring to
According to the present invention, as described above, on the protective layer 203 is formed a pad of which a surface area is twice as large as that of a pad contact hole, and a flat contact region except the first contact region contacts the terminal of an external circuit or a driving IC device, thereby reducing the contact defect.
As shown in
As shown in
Further, as shown in
As shown in
As described above, in case the plurality of pad contact holes are formed on each terminal, it is preferred that the first contact region is designed to have one third and below of a surface area of the second contact region. By forming the pad in this way, in which the plurality of pad contact holes are formed on each terminal, the non-uniform resistance generated by the misalignment of a probe is reduced in a full probing test which is performed before a bonding process. Also, although the pads are partially damaged or cut during the test process by the probe, the electrical connection is maintained by other contacts.
As shown in
Referring to
In addition, the gate electrode 405, the gate input terminal 410 and the gate line 415 may be respectively formed of an AI—Cu alloy or an AI—Si—Cu alloy.
Referring to 14A and 14B, on the entire surface of the first substrate 400 on which the gate electrode 405, the gate input terminal 410 and the gate line 415 are formed, a silicon nitride (SiXNY) film is stacked by PCVD (plasma chemical vapor deposition). The stacked silicon nitride film is patterned to form a gate insulating layer 420.
Sequentially, a silicon material as a semiconductor material is deposited on the gate insulating layer 420. And an amorphous silicon film and an insitu doped n+type amorphous silicon film are stacked in order by the PCVD. Then, a metallic layer formed of Al, Mo, Ta, Ti, Cr, W or Cu is stacked on the semiconductor layer formed of the semiconductor material.
The amorphous silicon film and the insitu doped n+ type amorphous silicon film are patterned to form a semiconductor layer 430 and an ohmic contact layer 435 on a portion of the gate insulating layer 420, under which the gate electrode 405 is positioned. The metallic layer is also patterned to form a data line 460 orthogonal to the gate line 420, a source electrode 440 and a drain electrode 445 branched from the data line 460, and a data input terminal 450 at a side of the data line 460. Thus, a TFT transistor 455 including the gate electrode 405, the semiconductor layer 430, the ohmic layer 435, the source electrode 440 and the drain electrode 445 is completed at a center portion of the first substrate 400 as a device forming area. The gate input terminal 410 and the data input terminal 450 are formed at an edge portion of the first substrate 400. In this case, the gate insulating layer 420 is interposed between the data line and the gate line to prevent an -electrical short therebetween.
Referring to
In a reflective or semi-transparent LCD, in order to form a concavo-convex (prominence/recess) structure at a reflective electrode, the organic insulating layer is exposed and developed to form the concavo-convex structure at the organic insulating layer. A reflective electrode is stacked on the organic insulating layer on which the concavo-convex structure is formed. There are provided a method of fully exposing a double layer or a method of partially exposing or slit-exposing a single layer, in order to form the concavo-convex structure at the organic insulating layer.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
A plurality of spacers 335, 336 are interposed between the first substrate 400 and the second substrate 305 to form a liquid crystal layer 230 at a space between the first and second substrate 400, 305, thereby forming the reflective or semi-transparent LCD.
Thereafter, an anisotropic resin layer 490 including a conductive ball 492 is disposed on a second contact region 512 b of an input pad 512 that is formed on a pad portion 480 of the first substrate. A bump 494 is pressed on the anisotropic resin layer 490 of the second contact region 512 b to complete a module of the reflective or semi-transparent LCD.
According to the present invention, the pad is formed on the thick protective layer in its longitudinal direction to have twice or more surface area as large as the first contact region. The remaining flat area except the first contact region is provided as the second area for contacting an external circuit terminal. Therefore, even if the external circuit terminal and the pad are misaligned, a preferred contact property can be maintained. Further, as the pad is aligned in a zigzag fashion of two rows, the adjacent pads are not shorted.
While the present invention has been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made hereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
For example, in case of the backlight LCD, the concavo-convex structure is not formed on the protective layer, and a transparent conductive material such as ITO and IZO is used as the reflective electrode and pad material.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 22, 1979
|Oct 20, 1981
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Liquid crystal display device
|Jan 13, 1989
|Nov 19, 1991
|Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha
|Liquid crystal display device having redundant buses
|Feb 2, 1993
|Oct 4, 1994
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Method of mutually connecting electrode terminals
|Jun 22, 1995
|Jun 3, 1997
|Nec Corporation
|Liquid crystal display apparatus having terminal protected from break down
|May 20, 1999
|Mar 20, 2001
|Lg Lcd, Inc.
|Method for manufacturing a substrate of a liquid crystal display device
|Nov 19, 1998
|Feb 10, 2004
|Formfactor, Inc.
|Large contactor with multiple, aligned contactor units
|Feb 13, 2001
|Feb 24, 2004
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Liquid crystal display device
|Feb 5, 2002
|Aug 30, 2005
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Liquid crystal display having terminals arranged for securing connection to driving circuit
|Aug 23, 2005
|Oct 3, 2006
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Liquid crystal display and method for manufacturing the same having particular pad unit
|Oct 2, 2006
|Jun 17, 2008
|Samsung Electronics, Co., Ltd.
|Liquid crystal display and method for manufacturing the same having particular pad unit
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 18, 2009
|Mar 15, 2011
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Liquid crystal display device
|Mar 1, 2011
|Jan 31, 2012
|Hitachi Displays, Ltd.
|Display device having improved step coverage for thin film transistors
|Dec 1, 2011
|Apr 16, 2013
|Hitachi Displays, Ltd.
|Liquid crystal display device having a third electrode formed over a second insulating film and overlapped with a pair of gate lines
|Sep 18, 2009
|Mar 25, 2010
|Kikuo Ono
|Liquid crystal display device
|Mar 1, 2011
|Jun 23, 2011
|Kikuo Ono
|Liquid crystal display device
|Feb 28, 2015
|May 13, 2015
|Liquid crystal display module and display device
|U.S. Classification
|349/149, 349/158, 349/152
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Sep 19, 2012
Owner name: SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO., LTD, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS, CO., LTD;REEL/FRAME:028990/0645
Effective date: 20120904
|Mar 15, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 31, 2017
|Fee payment
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text:
Alcohol Bill - H.3137
Cameras Roll on Spicer and Miller Discussing 2016 Entertainment Trends and Looking Forward to 2017
FCPA Compliance Report-Episode 294-Chris Tomlinson
This Week in FCPA-Episode 16
ThisWeek in FCPA-Episode 14, the Wolf of Wall Street Edition
This Week in FCPA-Episode 11
Service Times for Hotels and Restaurants
Marketing to Millennials
Are Criminal Laws the Right Response to Revenge Porn?
Jeff Ifrah's Internet Gaming Predictions for 2014
Why Ending FCC Blackout Rules May Be Broadcast TV's Demise
Beastie Boys Sue; Law Prof's 'Head Spins'
Polsinelli Podcast - What's Next in Health Reform 2014
Breaking Bad: Is Final Episode a Trade Secret?
Redskins Name Is an 'Ethnic Slur,' Says Lawyer
Fantasy Football: The Legal Reality
Social Networking: New Risks & Opportunities at Work
Inside NFL's Jaguars Owner's Fulham FC Purchase
What is a domain name? Is it the same as a company name?
Porn Copyright Trolls Receive Punitive Sanctions
New Jersey's years-long battle to allow sports gambling received a significant boost from the U.S. Supreme Court last week, which issued an order inviting the Solicitor General to file a brief in the case (known to Court...more
Congress has passed and President Obama is expected to sign two bills related to looted art and the availability of U.S. courts to hear disputes over them. The Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery (HEAR) Act of 2016 and the...more
The Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery (HEAR) Act of 2016 has been pending for several monthsnow, and was recently recommended favorably by the Senate Judiciary Committee in September. The bill would create a uniform...more
In December, we told you about Mike Huckabee's campaign getting sued for copyright infringement for using "Eye of the Tiger" without permission at a rally supporting Kim Davis, the Tennessee clerk that refused to issue...more
A petition to allow a second slots parlor in Massachusetts has moved one step closer to advancing to the November 2016 ballot. In December 2015, opponents to the ballot initiative filed suit challenging the petition on the...more
Alabama and Tennessee have become the most recent states to weigh in on the legality of daily fantasy sports (DFS) contests. Last week, the attorneys general of the two states issued opinions declaring such contests to be...more
In December, we blogged about the unauthorized use of copyrighted songs by political campaigns. Well, those campaigns should also double check the images they are using. Donald J. Trump For President, Inc. was sued in federal...more
Texas Continues To Wage War Against Indian Gaming -
Texas Attorney General Kenneth Paxton appears to not like Indian gaming. Two of the state's three federally recognized tribes have been pursuing gaming opportunities...more
With the ink barely dry on the New York State court order requiring DFS operators in New York to cease operations, an emergency appeal was granted by the New York appellate court. The legal equivalent of a "Hail Mary" pass,...more
By the summer of 2014, it appeared that the North Fork Rancheria of Mono Indians of California had finally made it over the last hurdle to begin construction of a Class III casino with 2,000 slot machines and 40 gaming tables...more
The Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts recently cleared the way for gaming opponents to appeal directly to Massachusetts voters by allowing the measure to repeal the Massachusetts gaming law to be placed on the November...more
Yesterday, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court in Abdow v. Attorney General rejected challenges to a ballot initiative seeking the effective repeal of Massachusetts's 2011 gaming law, directing the measure to be included...more
The four major professional sports leagues and the NCAA (the leagues) scored a significant victory in September in their ongoing lawsuit to prevent legalized gambling in the state of New Jersey. In a 2–1 decision, the U.S....more
Very lively oral arguments were held today, June 26, in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit on the New Jersey sports betting law, in a case that will have an enormous impact on the future of sports betting in the...more
The state of New Jersey filed its opening brief on April 29 in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit, in a case that could ultimately decide the fate of sports betting in the United States....more
The Florida Supreme Court recently denied a request for it to review the Florida Court of Appeal's determination that a Florida statute is valid even though it authorizes slot machines at entities other than those that are...more
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Register today for a discount to CU Times' Fraud: Don't Let it Happen to Your Credit Union conference taking place Oct. 11-12, 2016 at the Sheraton Dallas.
Virtual conference keynote speaker Jim Stickley tells credit unions how to fight social engineering and phishing attacks.
Keynote speaker Jim Stickley tells credit unions how to fight social engineering and phishing attacks.
David Brown, director of ERM Security, will discuss credit unions' post-data breach lessons.
Meet CU Times' Data Breach Defense Virtual Conference keynote speaker and the CEO of Stickley on Security.
CUNA's Jim Nussle, security expert Jim Stickley and PSCU's Gene Fredriksen will offer insights.
The free, all-day event takes place Oct. 6 and features top security and regulatory experts.
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Find out why a creator of malicious apps still believes in the safety of mobile banking.
SAN ANTONIO — For the past 15 years or so, the CUNA Technology Council and the CUNA Operations, Sales & Service Council have been holding annual conferences.


text:
BJT subject to hum?
Are Switching-intended BJTs likely to be subject for hum, per a chance?
at least that´s what i suspect, i´ve built a 20W range amplifier in class A, and the delivery with my 'real' BJTs for my project hasn't arrived yet, so, for testing purposes i took a pair of swithing BJTs, (2SC4060) and 'voila' the amp works (woks..), but with a awful hum, i tested at slightly lower bias with regular BJTs and...there was no hum...strange!?.. -or maybe not very strange?
..maybe i have to re-engineer my psu, its a standard non-regulated, 500VA toroidal and a capacitor bank@60,000µF, i do think that should be sufficient...
Hey! I've played with 2SC4060's but only for switching, not linear. Switching BJT's have a relatively poor safe operating area compared to one specifically meant for linear, but they would switch *much faster*. That said, is your amplifier oscillating? Stick a scope on and have a look. Maybe the higher speed capability of the '4060 has upset the stability somewhere?
No, theres no oscillation...now i have the 'real' Transistors, and it sounds marvelous, no hum at all.
...but i do still wonder why there was hum with the 2SC4060...admit that's strange!?
well, what the heck, now it works anyhow!
Hi Mr. Triatic
I don't have the datasheet of these transistors at hand but could it be that their beta is significantly lower (specially with the bias you are using) than the beta of your "real" transistors ?.
jep, that might be the case, it would have been fun to really know what was happening there, but what the heck...
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'Pretty desperate': David Cameron hits out at Alex Salmond's NHS warning
ALEX Salmond's claim that only a Yes vote could save the NHS in Scotland from privatisation was described by David Cameron yesterday as "pretty desperate".
The Prime Minister's remarks came after Scottish Tory health spokesman Jackson Carlaw had earlier accused the First Minister of trying to mislead the public and described the SNP as shameless scaremongers.
Mr Cameron said the SNP's threat that only independence could save the NHS in Scotland did not stack up and added: "The only person who could, if he wanted to, introduce more private provision into the NHS in Scotland, is Alex Salmond.
"This is a desperate man recognising the argument is going away from him and making a pretty desperate argument.
"The protection on NHS spending that the UK Government has given, that we would not cut NHS spending while we have had to make difficult decisions elsewhere, has actually made sure under the Barnett Formula that money is available for Scotland as well."
Scottish Labour health spokesman Neil Findlay said: "Alex Salmond is flat out lying to the people of Scotland on the future of the NHS. A No vote poses no threat to our NHS, which has been fully devolved since 1999."
The Prime Minister's comments came as Andrew Thorburn, chief executive of National Australia Bank, owners of the Clydesdale Bank, said quitting the UK could bring "significant additional costs".
Alex Salmond is flat out lying to the people of Scotland on the future of the NHS. A No vote poses no threat to our NHS, which has been fully devolved since 1999
Mr Thorburn referred to next month's referendum as one of a number of challenges facing NAB's UK operations. He said: "A vote in favour of independence may give rise to significant additional costs and risks for Clydesdale Bank.
"We continue to closely monitor the situation, and have appropriate contingency planning in place."
It has also been revealed that James McCulloch, who is chairman of Speirs & Jeffrey, a 100-year-old stockbroker and investments firm based in Glasgow, has written to clients detailing plans in the event of Scotland leaving the United Kingdom.
If it believed there was a risk to clients' investments, the firm says, it is prepared to immediately transfer assets, including shares and cash to new English-based companies it has set up. Mr Salmond was in Arbroath, Angus, yesterday to announce the "Declaration of Opportunity", 700 years after the Declaration of Arbroath in 1320.
He said the SNP Government's Fiscal Commission has proposed a range of alternatives to a currency union, including a new independent currency, joining the euro or simply using the pound, which is known as sterlingisation.
The First Minister said: "But the best option for Scotland is keeping the pound in a currency union.
"As a transitional option, the Fiscal Commission said sterlingisation was viable, but there are a number of other viable options. The key point we're making is arguing for the sterling union, which we think is the best option for Scotland."


text:
Not news: church fires gay man in leadership role. Big news: 80pct of the congregation leaves in protest
Ordinarily I steer FAR clear of these stories. They're reported on, copy/pasted, expounded on ad nauseum by people who think it's their sovereign duty to bitch and moan, finding a discriminatory conspiracy around every corner. This one is just a little different this time around.
Churches have been cutting gay people from payroll for years, that's not news. My big beef with all those stories is this: the church's particular point of view on gays isn't something that's recently evolved. It's been out there for a millennia, and if it were me I wouldn't want to work for an employer who thought that about me. This church's congregation, however, by and large took a walk when they found out that Adam Fraley had been given his walking papers:
Adam Fraley, the man at the center of the controversy, said this is a civil rights issue. He was not re-hired as the church's choral director because of his sexual orientation.
According to United Methodist Church law, gay people are welcome to attend services but the line is drawn at positions of leadership.
The law states, "self-avowed, practicing homosexuals are not to be certified as candidates, ordained as ministers, or appointed to serve in The United Methodist Church."
The question of what "serve" means is a little ambiguous. Dan Gangler, director of communications for the Indiana Conference of the UMC, said the church only prohibits practicing gays being ordained.
"Any other leadership positions should be filled at the discretion of the congregation and the minister," Gangler said.
Fraley, who took the job at the behest of David's wife, Nancy Steele, six years ago, said he was not openly gay while working at the church. But his partner attended services with him and the Steele family said it was "obvious" Fraley was gay.
Regardless of his orientation, Fraley was the choral director for the church and everyone enjoyed his work. Then, earlier this year, a new minister came in who said he was uncomfortable with Fraley leading the music. Although the minister didn't fire him, Fraley eventually resigned because of an added work load. He said he felt uncomfortable with the ways things had gone after the new minister came in.
After six months on the job, the church got a new interim minister, David Mantor, in September. Steele, who served as the intermediary between the congregation and the minister, said the church body hoped the new minister would allow Fraley to come back as choir director.
After originally saying he was fine with Fraley coming back, the Steeles said Mantor changed his mind three weeks after he was hired.


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The Dynasty Warriors games, in spite of their obvious absurdity, generally make a fair attempt at being historically accurate. You
Author: Nakisha
Solutions for Grand Theft Auto : Vice City in Step by Step Format
The GPS mobile phone works with a receiver when it's used inside a vehicle. Though it can be played on
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You will delight in playing this game. So it's far better to experience these online games and to continue being
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Shock is a health condition characterized by means of a disruption in the blood circulation throughout the body as a
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Facts, Fiction and Batman : Arkham Asylum
What You Must Know About Batman : Arkham Asylum The game also has a whole lot of content, which increases


text:
The perfect travel-sized contour kit that makes a great gift or pocket-size companion. We created this to take the guesswork out of contouring. This kit features 3 mini face sticks: a matte contour bronzer, a beautiful natural coral blush, and the perfect nudey pink highlighter. Collection shades: Baby Brazilian Bronze Bronzer, Baby Bora Bora Coral Blush, Mini Maldives Luminescent Highlighter
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At the present time of fast financial development and demise, longstanding massive corporations are disappearing 12 months after 12 months, shortly devoured by the currents of generations, stirring and swirling ..
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Learn About Heroin And It's Addictive Potential
Heroin is an opiate that is derived from the opium poppy; it is made from the sap of the flower. As a pain killing drug (analgesic), it has been an effective pain reducing medication for several thousand years. The physiological way that heroine becomes addictive is by affecting several regions of the brain. One area affects production of pleasurable sensations and the other affects the area that causes physical dependence. Heroin imitates existing chemicals in the brain – known as endorphins. These chemicals are responsible for blocking pain and creating feelings of pleasure.
Most heroin that is illegally imported into the United States comes from Colombia, Mexico and Asia. Other countries that produce this drug are Thailand, Afghanistan, Laos, Burma, Iran and Pakistan.
How Heroin is Processed
Heroin is processed from opium resin, which is refined to morphine and then changed to heroin by the addition of chemicals. The brown powder, which is 70% pure heroin, is mixed with acetic anhydride and hydrochloric acid and is then dried and sieved.
Manufacture of this drug takes place in laboratories in remote areas with fairly primitive equipment where the product is formed into bricks for bulk shipment. Other means of smuggling is doing by couriers (or "mules") who swallow smaller amounts of heroin in either latex balloons or condoms. If these internal balloons should accidentally be punctured, the instantaneous flooding of the courier's body with heroin would result in certain death. However, the mules are aware of this possible danger and seem to believe that the $1,000-$2,000 they earn for each smuggling trip is worth the risk.
Heroin sold on the street is rarely pure. The contents of a bag can be cut with any of a number of other ingredients, which might be quinine, powdered milk, starch or sugar. Or for those addicts who are unlucky, the dealer might have decided to cut the heroin with brick dust. The most desirable from an addict's point of view is China White since this is the strongest heroin available.
Some of the street names of heroin are "H", "skag", "junk" and "smack". In the western part of the United States, Mexican Black Tar is popular with heroin addicts.
There are a number of serious health problems associated with heroin abuse. One, of course, is the possibility of an overdose that could be fatal. Those users who share needles and who choose to inject the drug intravenously (into a vein) or intramuscularly (into a muscle) run the risk of contracting infectious diseases such as hepatitis or HIV/AIDS.
Other health issues arising from chronic use of heroin can include:
- liver disease
- abscesses
- infection of heart lining and valves
- cellulites
- pneumonia
- depressed respiration
- clogging of blood vessels
and a variety of other health problems.
When an individual uses heroin over an extended period of time on a regular basis, he or she will develop a tolerance to the drug. What this means is that higher doses must be used to achieve the pleasurable affect that initially occurred with a lesser dose. As a result, the body has become used to the higher dosage and if drug use is either reduced or stopped, the individual will experience withdrawal symptoms.
Treatment for Heroin Addiction
Suboxone is a popular opiate replacement therapy often prescribed by doctors to treat heroin addiction and addiction to other drugs. However, since it's a form of opiate there are related that users need to be mindful of, and Suboxone dependance is possible. Because you'll need a prescription for Suboxone medication, you can obtain and administer the drug in a safer manner, and whilst on Suboxone the effects of heroin will be blocked since the suboxone occupies the opioid receptors in the brain.
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Harvest AL Real Estate & Homes for Sale
226 Properties Found
The median home value in Harvest, AL is $161,000.
This is
higher than
the county median home value of $153,600.
The national median home value is $185,800.
The average price of homes sold in Harvest, AL is $161,000.
Approximately 68.81% of Harvest homes are owned,
compared to 15.2% rented, while
15.99% are vacant.
Harvest real estate listings include condos, townhomes, and single family homes for sale.
Commercial properties are also available.
If you see a property you're interested in, contact a Harvest real estate agent to arrange a tour today!
Sort Results:
1–25 of 226 properties displayed
Courtesy: Keller Williams Realty
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Rare opportunity to make this home your own! Over 1900 sq ft of space on 1.06 acres. New HVAC 2017, roof and windows were replaced in 2011, new septic system 2012, hot water heater 2010. Being sold as is, where is. Priced under appraisal.
212 Salvia Court Harvest, AL 35749
Courtesy: Capstone Realty
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You will love this delightful 2-story culdesac home. This 5-bedroom, 3-bathroom home with attached 2 car garage offers 2310sq. ft. of spacious elegance, hardwood and tile flooring in all living areas, carpet in bedrooms, and open kitchen that overlooks the famiy room. 24 x 24 detached garage can be accessed from your manicured backyard perfect for entertaining. Imagine cuddling up to your cozy fireplace with a good book or sitting outside on your oversized patio watching your children make memories in your privacy fenced yard.
14315 Hunter Road Harvest, AL 35749
Courtesy: Tommy Pruett Real Estate, Inc.
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The kitchen is truly the heart of the home with planning center including pigeonholes, island with snack bar and down-draft cooktop, large pantry, and adjacent breakfast bay. With entertaining in mind, the large dining room features crown moulding and oak flooring. Triple window with arch above draws light into vaulted family room. Arrange furnishings in the isolated master bedroom to include a sitting area. Spacious, remodeled master bath includes tile shower, garden tub, and twin sinks Laundry/half bath combination with built-in cabinets conveniently located by back doors. Beckoning you outdoors, the covered patio and open porch overlook large backyard.
15915 Elaine Court Harvest, AL 35749
Courtesy: CRYE LEIKE REALTORS Hsv
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ARCHITECTURALLY DISTINCTIVE!!! This 3 bedroom 2 bath home is situated on a quiet Cul-De-Sac. Freshly painted inside and out. Beautifully landscaped front yard and large private backyard with 6ft wooden fence. Inviting family room with hardwood flooring, vaulted ceiling and wood burning fireplace. Kitchen and welcoming foyer have tile flooring and Kitchen boasts a bright and airy breakfast nook. The Master bedroom is isolated with trey ceiling and walk in closet. Cozy, well maintained, move-in-ready home for a first time home buyer or someone looking to downsize. This home is a must see!!!
Courtesy: MarMac Real Estate
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3 Bedroom 2 bath full brick on large lot that includes a double garage, trey ceiling in master bedroom, nice kitchen with ample cabinets and island and much more. Make an appointment for a personal showing today!
Courtesy: DR Horton Inc Huntsville
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You're sure to love this beautiful new home with lots of living space on a corner lot! Beautiful and throughout all the wet areas provide a luxurious, finished look to the home. The house chef will enjoy this kitchen with lots of countertop space, a large island and spacious pantry! The double trey ceiling in the spacious family room is another impressive feature your guests are sure to take note of. You'll love the master suite and glamour bath offering a separate wide shower, soaker tub, raised vanity with double sinks, and a large walk-in closet! Loaded with amenities that everyone should have. **Come Take A Look bc. this home will be ready March 2018 but can be purchased now.
Courtesy: DR Horton Inc Huntsville
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You're sure to love this beautiful new home with lots of living space on a corner lot! Beautiful and throughout all the wet areas provide a luxurious, finished look to the home. The house chef will enjoy this kitchen with lots of countertop space, a large island and spacious pantry! The double trey ceiling in the spacious family room is another impressive feature your guests are sure to take note of. You'll love the master suite and glamour bath offering a separate wide shower, soaker tub, raised vanity with double sinks, and a large walk-in closet! Loaded with amenities that everyone should have. **Come Take A Look bc. this home will be ready March 2018 but can be purchased now.
Courtesy: Re/Max Unlimited
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One story brick ranch home with 3 bedrooms and 2 baths. Large, open family room and large backyard with privacy fence.
27632 Kim Drive Harvest, AL 35749
Courtesy: Amanda Howard Real Estate
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* Stunning full brick Executive home * 4 Bedrooms/3 full baths * 4 Car Garage * Covered porch * Extensive crown molding * Spacious family room * Vaulted ceiling * Fireplace * Formal dining * Chefs kitchen * Stainless steel appliances * Granite * Decorative Tile Backsplash * Eat-In Breakfast Nook * Isolated master suite * Glamour bath * Double vanities * Walk-in closet * Separate shower * Jetted tub * HUGE bonus room with bath ideal for teen suite * Patio * Large Fenced backyard * HVAC less than 2 years old * Average Utilities $250 per month * Office space or craft room inside the detached garage AND a formal office in the main home *
Courtesy: Dietrich & Assoc. Real Estate
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This beautiful brick rancher features 1640 sq ft with 3 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms and a large bonus room that can be a man cave/office/playroom. New carpet, fresh paint, plantation blinds, tile, and crown molding are just some of the many updates this home has! it sits on a large corner lot with almost half an acre and has an attached two car garage, a two car carport, a large shed, and a privacy fence in the backyard. Conveniently located near 72 and shopping but far enough away to feel you are out in the country this home has the perfect blend of accessibility and privacy!
134 Lincarrie Lane Harvest, AL 35749
Courtesy: Leading Edge, R.E. Group
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Priced at $219,900.00 you can make this beautiful home your home for the holidays and many years to come. This beautiful ¾ brick home is located on a corner lot in Wellington Trace Subdivision. Home features 12' ceilings, open rail balcony overlooking foyer and family room w/fireplace, master bedroom has large sitting area, 2nd floor 22x16 bonus room, stainless steel appliances (refrigerator, microwave, range/oven, & dishwasher) can be found in the kitchen with tile backsplash, tile in all wet areas, hardwood floors in the foyer, dining, and living rooms. Sunroom with tile floor, ceiling fan along with its own heat and cool unit. Upstairs and downstairs has separate heat and cool units.
Courtesy: DR Horton Inc Huntsville
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This Beautiful 4 / 2.5 Bath offers the space and solitude you are looking for in a home. Wonderfully designed for full interaction with the open floor plan concept yet at the same time gives everyone the peace and privacy they need. Large secondary rooms with generous closet space. The owners suite is nestled in the rear of the home and this home sits on a corner fully sodded lot. With the 2 car garage each person has more than enough space for DIY Projects or simply enjoy the convenience of storage, security, and space. Also 1.75% in c.c. too!
121 Emory Drive Harvest, AL 35749
Courtesy: Keller Williams Realty
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Courtesy: Matt Curtis Real Estate, Inc.
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Gorgeous better than new home in Sagebrook! This spacious home has 5 bedrooms, 3 baths, and is over 3500 square feet! Large lot with fully fenced backyard and awesome outbuilding great for storage! Entertain your guest on your covered patio with an outdoor fireplace! Coffered ceiling in the dining room, extensive crown molding molding throughout! Kitchen is open to the living room with beautiful granite counter-tops, glass backsplash, stainless steel appliances, pantry, and tons of cabinets and counter space! Lovely hardwood floors in the living areas and kitchen, tile in wet areas, and carpet in bedrooms! Great location only 25 minutes to downtown Huntsville/Research Park/Redstone!
122 Pinckney Road Harvest, AL 35749
Courtesy: Platinum R.E. Marketing, Inc.
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AMAZING custom design! Definitely not your cookie cutter home!! Not only does it have gorgeous hand scraped hard wood flooring, Travertine tile, granite counters & stainless appliances in Kitchen...but this home has amazing custom wood work in every cabinet area with unique lighting designs throughout the home! Its picture perfect!! There are 3 bedrooms & 2 baths as well as a bonus room that could be used for a guest room. Large private backyard...perfect for entertaining! New Roof in 2017. Located in Rural Development area and qualifies for 100% financing! This home is a show place!! Schedule your showing before its gone!!
Courtesy: Dream Key Real Estate, LLC
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Great Fixer-Upper!! 3BR/2BA situated on 1.4 acres. Includes private well for lawn and garden and public water service for the home. 2 Barns and lots of space to grow a garden or have your own hobby farm!! SOLD AS-IS!!
Courtesy: Century 21 Steele & Associates
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MOVE IN READY ! 3BR, 2BA brick rancher with open floor plan. Roomy MBR. MBR bath has a garden tub, separate shower, twin vanities and walk in closet. New paint throughout. Two inch plantation blinds throughout. Good carpet. Large backyard with wooden privacy fence. Near HWY 53. Good access to Redstone Arsenal and Research Park Area.
Courtesy: The Favour Group, Inc.
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UPGRADED!!! This corner lot home features 4 bedrooms, 2 full baths, and a half bath. Formal dining room, open kitchen and family room including a breakfast area and bar in the kitchen. Large master bedroom and bathroom. Hardwoods throughout with carpeting in bedroom. Large yard for family gatherings
Courtesy: Weichert, Realtors The Sp Plce
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OPEN HOUSE SUNDAY 11/26 FROM 2-4 PM!!! Welcome home to this beautiful oasis in the country with the convenience of a short commute to dinning and shopping. This home is nestled in a quiet, established neighborhood with large lots, mature trees, and no through traffic. This stunning full brick ranch home has been immaculately maintained. Custom Birch cabinets with tons of counter space are featured in the spacious kitchen. 4 large bedrooms and 2 full bathrooms with double vanities. The master offers whirlpool and separate walk in closets. Enjoy the expansive view from the private covered back deck. The above ground pool features separately attached sun deck.
Courtesy: NextHome Kel Mitchell
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Now available for purchase! This home boasts over 1500 sqft and has 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. Recent updates include new hand scraped floors, granite, paint and stainless steel appliances. There is a huge patio deck perfect for entertaining.
Courtesy: NextHome Kel Mitchell
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Like new full brick home now available for purchase. This home open floor plan has 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. the living room has hardwood floors and leads into the bright and airy kitchen where you will find custom cabinets, granite counter tops and brand new stainless steel appliances. You can purchase this home for much less than what you would pay in rent.
Courtesy: Legend Realty
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This is a JEWEL of a house in Harvest! Better hurry! Spacious BEAUTIFULLY decorated brick ranch with fenced backyard. This home features fresh paint, new carpets, tiled and hardwood flooring, wainscoting and much more! SUNNY kitchen features tons of cabinets, upgraded appliances and sitting bar. Breakfast area is OPEN to kitchen. Separate dining room is off the kitchen, GREAT for entertaining. OVERSIZED family room with trey ceiling and fireplace. Master suite is vaulted and features a DRAMATIC palladium window. Master bath features double vanity sink, tub and separate shower. Large laundry room. Conveniently located close to shopping and schools..
Courtesy: Matson Realtors LLC
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Fixer upper in Harvest! New HVAC 2016, New metal roof 2013. Home sold as-is. Great investment opportunity located close to Madison and Huntsville. 4 bedrooms, 2 full baths.
107 Word Lane Harvest, AL 35749
Courtesy: Coldwell Banker of the Valley
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Live the sweet life in this immaculate 4 bedroom full brick home. Well designed free flow floor plan. The kitchen is a chefs delight with new stainless steel appliances . Great room has gas fireplace. Large master suite and 3 additional bedrooms with ample closet space. Freshly painted, new HVAC, new garage door opener, mature landscaped and well maintained yard on level lot with privacy fence and a storage building.
Courtesy: Flo Burkholder Realty, Inc.
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3BR, 2BA ranch on sprawling country lot, formal living and dining rooms, separate family room with fireplace opens to deck and private back yard, large master with walk in closet with closet organizers, lots of hardwoods, eat in kitchen, laundry room and large two car garage, fresh paint throughout.
1–25 of 226 properties displayed
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Harvest ZIPs35749 Homes for Sale


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All our services need to be booked in advance, please use contact form or e-mail us to
contact form
Our address:
Laukaan Tupaswilla
Ränssintie 5
41370 Kuusa Laukaa
The world`s largest smoke sauna is here - even 150 people will fit in the sauna together to enjoy the special, mild warmth.
The great smoke sauna at Tupaswilla was chosen the best in Finland at July 2016. The jury valued the ideal measures of the sauna building and the perfect quality of the heat. Try the relaxing peat spa treatment – apply some pure natural peat on your skin and let it affect in the warmth of the sauna. Wash it off and enjoy the soft feeling!
The beautiful surroundings at Tupaswilla Laukaa are easily accessible. Hiking and walking in the forest and peatland present the pure Finnish nature, only half an hour from Jyväskylä city.
We are proud to serve regional specialities like roast elk, smoked vendace fish, homemade rye bread and finnish berries. Enjoy the buffet in a genuine log building atmosphere.
Rough military is our interest – at Tupaswilla offroad scenery ride you can feel the growl of old army trucks and tracked vehicles.
Our collection of vintage tractors, old military vehicles and antique farm tools is worth seeing. Guided tour will take your group to step back in time while exploring the historical artifacts.
Unique, unforgettable experience. The great smoke sauna at Tupaswilla Laukaa is built to serve groups of all sizes. The heat of the sauna is mild and fresh. Try invigorating swim at the pond or the relaxing peat treatment on your skin at the gentle heat of the sauna.
Feel the force and rumbling sound of the old military vehicles. Our guide will drive you to steep hill routes through awesome forest scenery.
Enjoy the atmosphere of restored log buildings, antique farm tools and old vehicles.
We will arrange accommodation nearby with our partner spahotel Peurunka according to your wishes. Choose a comfortable hotel room or a holiday cottage.
Salad table, pickled raw salmon, boiled eggs, beef casserole in red wine, potatoes and grilled root vegetables, fresh white bread and rye bread.
For dessert Finnish squeaky cheese with cloudberries and vanilla sauce, coffee and tea.
Salad table, pickled raw salmon, boiled eggs with sour cream sauce, pork fillet with creamy cognac sauce, potatoes and sweet grilled root vegetables, fresh white bread and rye bread.
For dessert blueberries with vanilla sauce, coffee and tea.
Salad table, grated root vegetables, smoked vendace, salted whitefish, roast elk with smoked sauce, potatoe and root gratin, fresh white bread and rye bread.
For dessert cranberry dessert cream, coffee and tea.
Salad table, mushroom salad, pickled raw whitefish, salted salmon, seasoned herring, smoked cold beef, cold turkey with blackcurrant jelly, roasted loin of pork with cream sauce, grilled salmon with sour cream, potatoes and sweet grilled root vegetables, fresh white bread and rye bread.
For dessert blueberries with vanilla sauce, coffee and tea.
We always customize our services to suit our customers' wishes, so take a look at what we offer and we'll be in touch.
or e-mail
Ränssintie 5, 41370 Kuusa


text:
Investing in US-China relations, one student at a time
Want to find out how 100,000 Strong is helping send more US students to study abroad in China? Click here →
Support Us Today
We Went to China
The 100,000 Strong Foundation encourages students of diverse backgrounds from across the country to learn Mandarin and study in China. The Foundation believes that its best ambassadors are the American students who have studied in China and learned about the Chinese culture, language and people first hand. Here is how some of these student ambassadors describe what they gained from their China study abroad experience.
Nathan Beauchamp-Mustafaga
100K Strong Student Ambassador & School Year Abroad Alum Reflects...
Pauline Heng
In February 2015, The American Chamber of Commerce in China and 100,000...
Jeffrey Wood
At first I was not nervous about meeting the First Lady. I figured it...
Crazy Fresh Chinese More →
Daily Crazy Fresh Chinese slang in 30 seconds! Tweet BaiJie @CrazyFreshChina
Latest Videos More →
Obama Announces 1 Million StrongOctober 27, 2015
1 Million Strong is a sweeping new initiative announced by President...
"Find Your China" Student Video Series TrailerOctober 27, 2015
The 100,000 Strong Foundation followed 6 students with 6 diverse interests...
Latest News
US-China Strong is Hiring Research Assistants for Spring 2018!November 20, 2017
Open Position: Research Assistant Company: US-China Strong Foundation Website: www.uschinastrong.org Location: 2101 L Street NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20037 Time commitment: Part-time (15-20 hours/week) until May 2018...
October Student Ambassador SpotlightOctober 19, 2017
Dear Friends, We're excited to share this month's Student Ambassador spotlight! Meet Joneil Escobar, Fiona Gould and Heather McClure, three students who are promoting the importance of China study abroad and taking on projects as US-China...
US-China Strong Welcomes New CEO, John L. Holden!September 8, 2017
Dear Friends, We're thrilled to announce our new CEO, John L. Holden! John is a veteran China expert and joins us from Peking University, where he served as Associate Dean and launched the Yenching Academy, a Master's in China Studies...
Weekly Roundup
Supporting the development of the future stewards of U.S.-China relationsJune 13, 2014
The American Mandarin Society's documentary of the week, "Chinese on the Train (火车上的中国人)," is about a photographer, Wang Fuchun (王福春), and series of pictures that he took on...


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2008 UD Icons Dan Marino Immortal Letterman "M" /61
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- Sold Date:
- Source: eBay
You will receive 1 2008 UD Icons Dan Marino Immortal Letterman Letter "M" Patch. It is Card number DM20 and is numbered 60/61. This card is in mint condition and will arrive in bubble letter pack. Shipping will be $6.75.
Shipping will be $6.75 which will include tracking.


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All prices are in All prices are in USD
Our Rainforest Collection was inspired by our summers in the rainforests of South East Asia. Earth Heir x Janavi is a range of 55% wool and 45% silk shawls created in collaboration with India's premier cashmere brand Janavi.
We love Janavi's commitment to traditional craftsmanship and their interpretation of Indian design heritage in modern day wear. These exquisite shawls are meticulously hand embroidered with hand-stitched lace by craftsmen. Each piece is a distinct creation and is inspired by timeless elements of sophistication and beauty.
Care: Dry Clean Only
Measurements: (L) 210cm x (W) 72cm


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SB 782 Passes Senate Ag with Unanimous Support!
04.18.2017 by
4.18.2017 SB 782 (Skinner) passed the Senate Agriculture Committee with unanimous, bipartisan support! SB 782 would establish a grant program to incentivize public schools to serve more California-grown food in freshly prepared school meals.
A big thank you to Senator Skinner for being a great champion of this bill, to our co-sponsors at NextGen California, and to all those who provided powerful testimonies during today's committee hearing including Vince Caguin of Natomas Unified. We are especially grateful to the Senate Agriculture Committee for recognizing that SB 782 is not only an investment in our agriculture industry, but also in our students.
SB 782 will need your continued support as it moves to the Senate Committee on Education on April 26. If you have already sent in a letter of support thank you! If not, it is not too late. Letters of support can be sent in by COB Wednesday, April 19th to the Senate Committee on Education.SB 782 Sample Letter of Support doc
SB 782 Fact Sheet PDF
To learn more, visit CFPA's SB 782 page.
Sign-up to receive SB 782 legislative updates. link
Questions: Contact Melissa Cannon at 510.433.1122 ext 102, or email@example.com


text: Are you buying a Landscaping biz (design & install), or are you buying a maintenance company??? If it is a landscape operation, you need to consider whether or not you are qualified to operate it. If you are buying a one man operation then all you are really buying is the soon to be previous owner's reputation. The previous owner's reputation is of no value to you unless you hire him. If you have landscape knowledge to begin with, then just start your own. It doesn't take a huge investment to get started.


text: Does anyone have an invite to HD Bits? I'm really needing some new HD stuff and they deleted my account for no reason. Had a good ratio. The only reason I can think of was because I hadn't logged in in 2 weeks. I have invites to supertorrents.org if that helps.


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I have been taking
yoga with Serene White for 2-1/2 years. It is a gentle form of yoga that anyone can do. I am
more relaxed,
less stressed and bothered by life's annoyances and have developed
a different understanding and appreciation of my body. Thanks, Serene! Toni Stephenson
October 21 6:00pm – October 23 3:00 pm
The word retreat, literally means "withdrawal". A yoga retreat is a unique opportunity for a departure from your normal routine and busy life so that you can experience utter tranquility, ultimate self care, and rejuvenation. In this weekend retreat, Serene will guide you through restorative, therapeutic yoga sessions to help you release and unwind the internal tensions, clear your mental state, and settle into ever deepening levels of relaxation. Contemplations, meditation periods, and guided relaxations allow you to take the physical aspects of yoga practice to the next level for total Mind-Body renewal and nourishment. In between yoga sessions , there will be ample time for you to take personal R & R, nature walks, quiet reflection, connect with others over tea, or even kayak on the river. By the end of the weekend you will be ready to go back into your life; refreshed, rejuvenated, and calm.
We will retreat together surrounded by the beauty of Nature at The Well Being Conference Center, located in Tazewell, Tennessee. The property is nestled in a remote setting in the Cumberland Mountains on the Powell River on 158 acres of private land. The Center provides the perfect venue for spending time in the tranquility of nature and returning to stillness. The Center provides organic, gluten free meals with vegetarian options. The entire facility is designed to promote a technology-free experience in nature so that you can steep in stillness and experience inner harmony. For pictures and information, visit the Well Being Conference Center.
Registration for this event includes two steps: 1) register for the program with Serene White and
2) book your accommodations with the Well Being Conference Center.
Contact Serene, email@example.com or (865) 789-9731
Early Registration (by September 15) $295 | Regular Registration (after September 15) $375
Reserve your accommodations directly with the Well Being Conference Center, which offers dwellings with prices ranging from $160 - $280 per person for 2 nights. Camping is also available at $125. All lodging options include home-cooked all organic, gluten free meals. The housing reservation form and payment should be mailed by September 29. More information and reservation form is available on the Well Being Conference Center website, or contact Patty at (423) 626-9000 or email email@example.com.