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Award-holders workshop November 2007. The programme runs from January 2005 to the end of February 2010 with a budget of £6.3 million.
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November 2007
The programme runs from January 2005 to the end of February 2010 with a budget of £6.3 million.
The AHRC added strategic programmes to its other research funding modes in 2004. The first two autonomous programmes were launched in April 2005 (DMI) and January 2006 (L&E) respectively.
The purpose of such programmes is "to invest in areas where there is a sense of intellectual urgency and where a concentrated stream of funding may be needed in order rapidly to advance the field".
AHRC strategic initiatives
The Programme: funding modes in 2004. The first two autonomous programmes were launched in April 2005 (DMI) and January 2006 (L&E) respectively.
Themes, schemes and other activities
The programme covers the full range of arts and humanities disciplines. Its themes are,
migration, settlement and diaspora: modes, stages and forms;
representation, performance and discourse;
languages and linguistic change;
subjectivity, emotion and identity;
objects, practices and places;
beliefs, values and laws.
Interdisciplinary research themes
In October 2005, we commissioned disciplines. Its themes are,
20 small research projects
14 workshops and networks
Total £370,000.
In July 2006, we commissioned
15 large research grants (from a total of 157 applications, short-listed to 25)
Total £5.5 million; including four studentships.
Commissioning projects within the programme
In addition to projects, networks and workshops, other programme activities include,
Programme database and email updates;
Programme website, www.diasporas.ac.uk;
Workshops for award-holders, RAs and PGs;
Two postgraduate conferences, 2006 and 2008;
Open seminars and joint programme events in 2008;
Stakeholder events;
A final conference;
A programme book: Diasporas: Concepts, Identities, Intersections.
Programme activities
On a variety of subjects including, programme activities include,
Memory and identity among Palestinian women refugees
Migrating foods and sensual experience
Afghan music in London
Risorgimento in exile
Sudanese refugees dealing with displacement
Black British drama
Artefacts and narratives of migration
The making of gypsy diasporas.
Small research projects
Tanya Kaiser, SOAS programme activities include,
Answering Exile: how Sudanese refugees deal with displacement
This project sets out to develop recent thinking on the socio-cultural construction of place in the context of debates about human displacement and emplacement. Its ethnographic focus is some of the multiply displaced Southern Sudanese groups currently resident in Uganda and in Sudan. The project investigates relationships between place and the social and ritual activity performed there, and raises questions about the construction of identity and of social value in this context.
Small research projects: example 1
Dr Kate Pahl, Sheffield programme activities include,
Artefacts and narratives of migration: Rotherham museum collections and the Pakistani/Kashmiri community
This project involved collaboration between two universities, Creative Partnerships, a museum, local families, a school, a Sure Start centre, and a visual artist. It explored ways in which museum practices and the collection of artefacts within a museum are both upheld and disrupted through the presentation of an exhibition of identity narratives. The exhibition, at the Walker Gallery Rotherham, was opened in February 2007, and a web-based version is at http://www.ferhamfamilies.com/intro.html.
Small research projects: example 2
Postgraduate conferences programme activities include,
Postgraduate e-mail updates
Opportunities for project postgraduates to meet
Training opportunities (cross-programme)
Postgraduate blog:
Postgraduate activities
For information on networks and large grants, see lists in workshop packs.
Call for working papers for website workshop packs.
Current titles:
Towards a history and politics of diasporas and migration: A grounded spatial approach
Narratives of migration and artefacts of identity: new imaginings and new generations
Beyond the Community – Queer Migrant Club Cultures in Metropolitan Spaces
Here we go - but where? The possibilities of diaspora in the field of sport
The making of gypsy diasporas
Young asylum seekers' conceptions of home
We are working with other programmes to organise joint events which will involve award holders and allow them to disseminate their research in interdisciplinary contexts.
Encounters and Intersections: Diasporas, Religion and Identities Joint conference (with AHRC/ESRC 'Religion and Society' and ESRC 'Identities and Social Action'), 9-11 July 2008, St Catherine's College Oxford;
Diasporas, space and the city Joint double session (with AHRC 'Landscape and Environment') at RGS/IBG Annual Conference, London 27-29 August 2008.
Forthcoming joint programme activities
AHRC Research programmes: events which will involve award holders and allow them to disseminate their research in interdisciplinary contexts.
Key priorities
Research quality, range and coherence; events which will involve award holders and allow them to disseminate their research in interdisciplinary contexts.
Research engagement and dissemination (including knowledge exchange);
Collaboration and interdisciplinarity;
Improving public awareness of arts and humanities research;
Embedding research in medium to long term agenda;
Monitoring and evaluation of research.
Key priorities
Both research quality and range of disciplines and themes are considered to be important in an interdisciplinary strategic programme.
Furthermore, the programme has to have coherence, with links made between different projects and activities, and with development of a body of common ideas and interests.
Quality, range and coherence
AHRC stresses the importance of engagement and dissemination,
research collaboration with the cultural sector (e.g. 'Moving Here', National Archive; regional and national museums and galleries);
engagement with public, voluntary or community bodies to share knowledge and develop outcomes of mutual interest and benefit (e.g. Home Office, interfaith bodies, community arts projects);
the development of outputs directed at a wide non-academic audience (e.g. web pages, exhibitions, theatre, music, installations, public lectures or presentations).
Research engagement and dissemination
It is important for the programme to, dissemination,
Break down disciplinary boundaries through research networks and collaborative projects;
Develop links with other research programmes and centres within AHRC (e.g. Landscape and Environment, Religion and Society, Beyond Text;
Develop links with research programmes and centres outside AHRC, e.g. ESRC Identities and Social Action, COMPAS);
Develop links with emerging programmes in Europe and beyond on related themes such as migration and cultural diversity (e.g. Ford/SSRC programmes on migration.
Collaboration and interdisciplinarity
On public awareness, the programme seeks to, dissemination,
promote research on DMI through the website;
engage with the interests of a diverse range of stakeholders beyond the academy;
raise the profile of the programme and its projects in the media;
link up with other related research programmes in public events;
have an impact on public awareness and, as appropriate, policy.
Seeking to improve public awareness of arts and humanities research
By the end of the programme, research on diasporas, migration and identities should be embedded in the intellectual agenda of the arts and humanities;
DMI should stimulate interest beyond its 5-year duration in applications to responsive-mode schemes;
DMI should contribute to developing the research agenda of funding bodies in and beyond the UK;
Funding in this area should have a substantial impact beyond the academy;
Through its website, publications and other outcomes, DMI research should continue to have an impact beyond the life of the programme.
Embedding diasporas and migration
research in future agenda
AHRC has responsibility for requesting and assessing final project reports within the programme, but the director is responsible for other aspects of programme monitoring and evaluation. There is a DMI programme evaluation framework.
The director will request progress reports from project award holders annually. These will be read and any outstanding or problematic issues followed up. Information from your reports will be used in the annual programme report (see http://www.diasporas.ac.uk/publications.htmfor reports for 2005 and 2006).
Steering committee mentors will visit award holders annually.
Monitoring and evaluation of research: progress reports
Project Mentors will be members of the DMI Steering Committee (SC). Committee members will be responsible for overseeing the welfare and progress of one or two large research projects within the programme. The role is intended to be informal, collegial, supportive and based on shared interests.
The aims of the role are (a) to make and maintain connections between the SC and the programme's large research projects, (b) to provide award holders with additional programme level support and communication, and (c) to give SC members direct insights into some of the emerging research activities and findings.
Monitoring and evaluation of research: project mentors 1
The role will normally involve the following, Committee (SC). Committee members will be responsible for overseeing the welfare and progress of one or two large research projects within the programme. The role is intended to be informal, collegial, supportive and based on shared interests.
an annual visit or conference call in order to meet the project team;
answering questions about the programme and the work of the Steering Committee (SC);
taking any queries back to the SC;
and noting project achievements and progress for report to the SC.
Monitoring and evaluation of research: project mentors 2
The programme director will prepare an annual report with information about attainments and evaluation of progress towards programme goals. This will be monitored by the programme Steering Committee and sent to AHRC Strategic Advisory Group.
In these annual reports the director will consider the success of the programme in meeting goals of quality, range and coherence, engagement and dissemination, collaboration and interdisciplinarity, in raising the public profile of arts and humanities research, and embedding diasporas and migration research in longer-term agenda.
The director will write a final programme report in 2010.
Monitoring and evaluation of research: director's reports
Kim Knott information about attainments and evaluation of progress towards programme goals. This will be monitored by the programme Steering Committee and sent to AHRC Strategic Advisory Group.
University of Leeds
November 2007


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Lego Life Is a Social Network for Children to Create, Share, and Discover Lego Builds
Lego, the toy company known for making plastic bricks for children to connect, assemble, and construct all sorts of things, is moving into the realm of social networks. Yep, you read that right. Lego has launched a new Instagram-like platform… Continue Reading

subset: commoncrawl


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Listers, the gates of hell have not and will not prevail against the Church. As the Catechism states: "Simon Peter holds the first place in the college of the Twelve; Jesus entrusted a unique mission to him. Through a revelation from the Father, Peter had confessed: 'You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.' Our Lord then declared to him: 'You are Peter, and on this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of Hades will not prevail against it.' Christ, the 'living Stone', thus assures his Church, built on Peter, of victory over the powers of death. Because of the faith he confessed Peter will remain the unshakable rock of the Church. His mission will be to keep this faith from every lapse and to strengthen his brothers in it."1 Moreover, "from the incarnate Word's descent to us, all Christian churches everywhere have held and hold the great Church that is here [at Rome] to be their only basis and foundation since, according to the Savior's promise, the gates of hell have never prevailed against her."2 Catholics should also remember that the Holy Spirit is the soul of the Church. The Church teaches, "The Church is one because of her "soul": 'It is the Holy Spirit, dwelling in those who believe and pervading and ruling over the entire Church, who brings about that wonderful communion of the faithful and joins them together so intimately in Christ that he is the principle of the Church's unity.'"3 When the Church faces both internal and external threats, it is easy to fall into anxiety, gossip, and despair. Remember, however, that these are contrary to virtue - especially the virtue of hope - and that the faithful should hold up the Church and her leaders in prayer. The following prayers were selected due to either their focus on the Church, the leaders of the Church, or the general petition of divine protection against evil.
1. For the Lord to Defend and Cleanse His Church
May your continual pity, O Lord, cleanse and defend Your Church; and, because without you she cannot endure in safety, may she ever be governed by Your bounty. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, Your Son, Who lives and reigns with You in the unity of the Holy Spirit, God, world without end. Amen.
2. Keep the Church Faithful to Christ's Mission
Heavenly Father, look upon our community of faith which is the Church of your Son, Jesus Christ. Help us to witness to his love by loving all our fellow creatures without exception. Under the leadership of the Holy Father and the Bishops keep us faithful to Christ's mission of calling all men and women to your service so that there may be "one fold and one shepherd." We ask this through Christ, our Lord. Amen.
3. Prayer for the Preservation of the Faith
O my Redeemer, will that dreadful time ever come, when but few Christians shall be left who are inspired by the spirit of faith, that time when Thine anger shall be provoked and Thy protection shall be take away from us? Have our vices and our evil lives irrevocably moved Thy justice to take vengeance, perhaps this very day, upon Thy children? O Thou, the beginning and end of our faith, we conjure Thee, in the bitterness of our contrite and humbled hearts, not to suffer the fair light of faith to be extinguished in us. Remember Thy mercies of old, turn Thine eyes in mercy upon the vineyard planted by Thine own right hand, and watered by the sweat of the Apostles, by the precious blood of countless Martyrs and by the tears of so many sincere penitents, and made fruitful by the prayers of so many Confessors and innocent Virgins. O divine Mediator, look upon those zealous souls who raise their hearts to Thee and pray ceaselessly for the maintenance of that most precious gift of Thine, the true faith. We beseech Thee, O God of justice, to hold back the decree of our rejection, and to turn away Thine eyes from our vices and regard instead the adorable Blood shed upon the Cross, which purchased our salvation and daily intercedes for us upon our altars. Ah, keep us safe in the true Catholic and Roman faith. Let sickness afflict us, vexations waste us, misfortunes overwhelm us! But preserve in us Thy holy faith; for if we are rich with this precious gift, we shall gladly endure every sorrow, and nothing shall ever be able to change our happiness. On the other hand, without this great treasure of faith, our unhappiness would be unspeakable and without limit! O good Jesus, author of our faith, preserve it untainted within us; keep us safe in the bark of Peter, faithful and obedient to his successor and Thy Vicar here on earth, that so the unity of Holy Church may be maintained, holiness fostered, the Holy See protected in freedom, and the Church universal extended to the benefit of souls. O Jesus, author of our faith, humble and convert the enemies of Thy Church; grant true peace and concord to all Christian kings and princes and to all believers; strengthen and preserve us in Thy holy service, so that we may live in Thee and die in Thee. O Jesus, author of our faith, let me live for Thee and die for Thee. Amen.
4. Prayer to the Sorrowful Mother for the Church and the Pontiff
Most Holy Virgin and Mother, your soul was pierced by a sword of sorrow in the passion of your divine Son, and in His glorious resurrection, you were filled with unending joy in His triumph! Obtain for us who call upon you, to be such partakers in the adversities of holy Church and in the sorrows of the Sovereign Pontiff as to be found worthy to rejoice with them in the consolations for which we pray, in the charity and peace of the same Christ our Lord. Amen.
5. Prayer for the Authorities of the Church
We pray Thee, O Almighty and Eternal God, who through Jesus Christ hast revealed Thy glory to all nations, to preserve the works of Thy mercy; that Thy Church, being spread through the whole world, may continue, with unchanging faith, in the confession of Thy name.
We pray Thee, who alone art good and holy, to endow with heavenly knowledge, sincere zeal, and sanctity of life our chief bishop, N., the Vicar of our Lord Jesus Christ in the government of His Church; our own Bishop, (or Archbishop,) N., (if he is not consecrated, our Bishop-elect); all other Bishops, Prelates, and Pastors of the Church; and especially those who are appointed to exercise among us the functions of the holy ministry, and conduct Thy people into the ways of salvation.
We pray Thee, O God of might, wisdom, and justice, through whom authority is rightly administered, laws are enacted, and judgments decreed, assist, with Thy Holy Spirit of counsel and fortitude, the President of these United States, that his administration may be conducted in righteousness, and be eminently useful to Thy people, over whom he presides, by encouraging due respect for virtue and religion; by a faithful execution of the laws in justice and mercy; and by restraining vice and immorality. Let the light of Thy divine wisdom direct the deliberations of Congress, and shine forth in all the proceedings and laws framed for our role and government; so, that they may tend to the preservation of peace, the promotion of national happiness, the increase of industry, sobriety, and useful knowledge, and may perpetuate to us the blessings of equal liberty.
We pray for his Excellency the Governor of this State, for the members of the Assembly, for all Judges, Magistrates, and other officers who are appointed to guard our political welfare; that they may be enabled, by Thy powerful protection, to discharge the duties of their respective stations with honesty and ability.
We recommend likewise to Thy unbounded mercy all our brethren and fellow-citizens, throughout the United States, that they may be blessed in the knowledge, and sanctified in the observance of most holy law; that they may be preserved in union, and in that peace which the world cannot give; and, after enjoying the blessings of this life, be admitted to those which are eternal.
Finally, we pray Thee, O Lord of mercy, to remember the souls of Thy servants departed who are gone before us with the sign of faith, and repose in the sleep of peace: the souls of our parents, relations, and friends; of those who, when living, were members of this congregation; and particularly of such as are lately deceased; of all benefactors who,by their donations or legacies to this Church, witnessed their zeal for the decency of divine worship, and proved their claim to our grateful and charitable remembrance. To these, O Lord, and to all that rest in Christ, grant, we beseech Thee, a place of refreshment, light, and everlasting peace, through the same Jesus Christ, our Lord and Savior.
6. Prayer to the Virgin: Remedy Against Evil Spirits
August Queen of Heaven, sovereign Mistress of the Angels, thou who from the beginning hast received from God the power and the mission to crush the head of Satan, we humbly beseech thee to send thy holy legions, that under thy command and by thy power they may pursue the evil spirits, encounter them on every side, resist their bold attacks, and drive them hence into eternal woe.
Who is like unto God?
O good and tender Mother, thou willest always to be our love and our hope.
O Mother of God, send thy holy Angels to defend us and drive far from us the cruel enemy.
Holy Angels and Archangels, defend us and keep us. Amen.5
7. Traditional Prayer to St. Michael the Archangel
St. Michael the Archangel, defend us in battle. Be our defense against the wickedness and snares of the Devil. May God rebuke him, we humbly pray, and do thou, O Prince of the heavenly hosts, by the power of God, thrust into hell Satan, and all the evil spirits, who prowl about the world seeking the ruin of souls. Amen.6
Related Lists on SPL
- 16 Practical Tips for Creating & Maintaining Your Daily Prayer Habit
- 10 Really Short Prayers to Say During the Day
- 5 Prayers Recommended by an Exorcist to Combat Evil
CCC § 522, fns. removed. ↩
CCC § 834, citing, St. Maximus the Confessor, Opuscula theo.:PG 91:137-140. ↩
CCC § 813; remember that in Latin the soul is the anima - it is that which animates; thus, the Holy Spirit, as the soul of the Church, animates the Church. ↩
Composed by Archbishop Carroll in 1800; Prayers 1-5 are taken from Catholic Prayers. ↩
"Indulgenced by St. Pius X on July 8, 1908. Original text from the prayer dictated by Our Lady to Father Cestac on January 13, 1864. It is recommended to learn it by heart." Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest. ↩


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I Married Cookie Monster
I can't tell you how many batches of Toll House chocolate chip cookies I've baked over the 17 years together. Pretty sure we're reaching close to 20k cookies, give or a take a few dozen. Needless to say, I was ready to try something different.
While on Pinterest, I found a recipe from a great Blog, not without salt, THE Chocolate Chip Cookie. After seeing the recipe, I couldn't wait to make them!
I baked the cookies last night. I have a pretty picky husband...and HE LOVED THEM! The best indicator of a great chocolate chip cookie in our house, is how it tastes the next day - according to him, they are even better!


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I Played the Game and Lost
So today I missed my deadline for releasing ASHES: Infinite Redress. I had a sort of hangover headache that last almost all day, and by the time it had abated, I was too worn out to get any work done. This is all due to my changing medications and the fact that I took a sleeping pill last night that I knew would probably affect me badly today.
Tonight, I won't be using any sleep aids, other than some Sleepytime Extra Tea. We'll see if that and some Naproxen for my back ache are enough to help me sleep at least four hours and get up to do some real work tomorrow, free from brain fog and achy goodness.
Also, today I tried to sell my services as a cartoonist in the service of promoting my writing, and got less attention for my efforts than I've had on just about any weekend since early October, before all the madness began. I've gained a few new 'followers' here on WordPress, which is nice *waves to new people*, but I'm not going to get all worke dup about it. You have to try pretty hard to run into your followers on WordPress.
The tree and window display are up, thanksmostly to my amazing wife. I'll post pictures tomorrow.
And finally, I just wanted to mention that my record review got a lot less attention than I thought it would, which leads me to conclude that I do not have contacts with many BNL fans… or perhaps even music fans, for that matter. How did that happen?
Thanks for reading. Good night.


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Design & Build
11, Dalgety Drive, Wiri, Manukau City
Price On Application
- Proposed Usage
- Industrial
- Floor Area
- 200.00 m²
- Land Area
- 7880.00 m²
- Property ID
- 18wqc11
Planning of units from 200 to 4000s qm to be constructed at 11 Dalgety Drive has now commenced. Dalgety Drive is a main link between the industrial suburb of Wiri and the residential Manurewa suburbs from Homai to Wattle Downs.
Some parameters of this location that may enhance your business enterprise are:
- 100,000 vehicles pass by each week
- 80,000 residents within 5km
- 360 industrial businesses within 3km
- 286 park & ride spaces across the road at the Homai Train Station
- Inland Container Port within 3km
- Auckland Airport within 12km
Call now to discuss your ideas and plans and to secure a place in this future dynamic business precinct.


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 6, 1998
|Filing date
|Jan 28, 1997
|Priority date
|May 2, 1994
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Atma Chaudhari, Heinrich Scheurer, Pauline Pan, Frank Volpe
|Original Assignee
|Warner-Lambert Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (34), Non-Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (38), Classifications (19), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a continuation application of U.S. Ser. No. 08/236,405 filed on May 2, 1994, now abandoned.
The invention relates generally to oral mouthwashes for the prevention and elimination of bad breath as well as the reduction of oral microflora responsible for the development of plaque. Dental plaque can lead to tooth decay, gingivitis and other related gum disease. In particular, the present invention relates to an alcohol free mouthwash that is effective in preventing those problems and is pleasant tasting as well.
Oral rinse and mouthwash compositions have been used by people for many years for the prevention of bad breath and for the elimination of bacteria and other oral microorganisms that are responsible not only for bad breath but also tooth decay, plaque and gum disease such as gingivitis and periodontitis. To this end mouthwashes in the past have been designed to clean the oral cavity, provide fresh breath and kill the harmful bacteria.
Conventional mouthwashes have always contained fairly high levels of ethyl alcohol with percentages ranging from approximately 10% up to about 30% by volume. Alcohol is used both as a disinfectant and as a solvent in which other additives such as astringents, fluorides, color additives, flavor oils, bactericidal actives and the like can be dissolved and then dispersed into solution. High levels of alcohol are generally used to provide a disinfection function since lower concentrations are sufficient to dissolve and disperse the various components into solution. Alcohol also provides a preservative role for the mouthwash during storage and use as well as enhancement of flavor oil organoleptic cues.
Understandably however, the use of alcohol has not been regarded as beneficial from an overall health standpoint. Many people cannot tolerate alcohol in any form and there is concern that young children in particular may be adversely affected by ingesting or inadvertently swallowing mouthwash compositions of this type. Senior citizens have also complained about problems related to gargling with such mouthwashes, and chronic exposure has been found to result in gum "burn" by the alcohol. Alcoholic mouthwashes often result in a "dry mouth" sensation, while recovering alcoholics cannot be subjected to alcohol in any form.
Obviously then, there is a substantial need for the development of a non-alcoholic mouthwash that continues to be effective in the prevention of bad breath, the killing of oral bacteria and the resultant reduction or elimination of plaque. Several attempts at formulating non-alcoholic mouthwash compositions can be found in the prior art. U.S. Pat. No. 5,292,527 to Konopa discloses a non-alcoholic, aqueous mouthwash composition comprising a dispersion system that consists of a non-ionic surfactant selected from the group comprising hydrogenated castor oils and a polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer having about 50% to about 90% ethylene oxide, a humectant and a cationic antimicrobial agent such as cetylpyridium chloride. The composition allegedly exhibits a homogeneous, uniform appearance and high degree of bactericidal efficacy.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,284,648 to White et. al. discloses an alcohol free, oral rinse and pre-rinse emulsion containing cleaning and coating compositions that are non-irritating and low foaming for maximum plaque disruption and removal. The cleaning effect is achieved using an aqueous system containing a mouth conditioner comprising polydimethylsiloxane emulsified in a surfactant such as a block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxybutylene.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,919,918 to Cole et. al. discloses a non-alcoholic effervescent mouthwash tablet for cleaning and disinfecting the oral cavity using surfactants to reduce the surface tension of the compound when placed in solution. A dry, effervescent tablet, the composition is hydrated in water and the surfactant further facilitates the dissolution and dispersion of the actives. The effervescence gives increased foaming action while the surfactant, selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium n-laurylsarcosinate, sodium alksylsulfoacetate, sulfocolaurate and sulfated monoglyceride aids in the breakdown and removal of food and other debris that is adhered to the gums and teeth. Fluoride as well as antimicrobial and tarter control agents may also be employed.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,664 to Thompson discloses an alcohol-free mouthwash consisting of an aqueous based carrier containing sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, flavoring agents and a solubilizing agent consisting of a mixture of the partial lauric esters of sorbitol producing a solution that is substantially isotonic with the oral mucosa. U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,577,490, 3,629,468 and 3,518,343 all disclose effervescent tablet formulations which, when dissolved in water, provide alcohol free mouthwash solutions which utilize the effervescence action to "scrub clean" the teeth and gums.
Nowhere in the prior art is there any teaching or suggestion of a substantially alcohol-free mouthwash that can be manufactured and sold in conventional liquid form that provides effective antimicrobial action for the reduction of germs associated with plaque, bad breath and gingivitis. For purposes of the present invention, the term alcohol-free shall mean that alcohol is substantially absent, if not completely absent from the formulation. Minute or trace amounts below 1.0% may possibly be found as a result of the flavor oils used in the present invention, but these amounts are so low that they will not pose any health risk or noticeable bite or burn.
There are three basic types of mouthwash formulations commercially available. There are conventional mouthwashes which serve primarily to sweeten the breath with volatile flavor oils and are not really formulated to function in any other significant way such as providing antimicrobial action and/or removal of mouth debris. Pre-rinse formulations are a second type and are used immediately prior to brushing as a way of rendering deposited plaque or calculus more susceptible to removal from the teeth by brushing and abrasion. Finally, there are the gingivitis and tarter control formulations that contain antimicrobial actives such as phenols, sanguinaria, chlorhexidine and stannous fluoride and anti-tarter or plaque fighters such as sodium benzoate and the like.
In conventional alcohol-containing mouthwashes, the alcohol provides several functions. On the one hand, it provides antimicrobial activity and kills the bacteria and other microflora responsible for tooth decay, plaque and gum disease. It is also necessary as a solvent for most of the flavor oils and other water insoluble actives such as the essential oils. Without completely solubilizing these oils into solution, the mouthwash is also less aesthetically appealing as a clear or colorless composition cannot be obtained. Finally, alcohol acts as a preservative and prevents bacterial growth and spoilage within the bottle during its shelf life and during use. Therefore, merely removing the alcohol is not enough to provide an effective alcohol-free mouthwash. Other ingredients must be found to provide these functions. In those mouthwash compositions that are bactericidal for the prevention of plaque and gum disease, higher levels of alcohol are generally necessary to aid in the disinfection function. As a result, these oral formulations are both bitter tasting and impart an unpleasant alcohol burn or bite.
A substantially alcohol-free mouthwash provides effective breath freshening and antimicrobial oral hygiene for everyday use. The mouthwash composition is comprised of a unique mix of non-ionic and ionic surfactants, essential oils, flavor oils and other excipents that surprisingly and unexpectedly provide all the benefits of an alcohol-based composition without the inherent drawbacks.
The substantially non-alcoholic mouthwash compositions of the present invention are useful in the germ kill of microorganisms responsible for plaque, gingivitis and other oral diseases caused by bacteria in the mouth while also providing breath freshening characteristics and are pleasant tasting with a smooth, cooling and lubricous mouth-feel. The mouthwash compositions are also well preserved and shelf-stable despite the absence of alcohol.
The mouthwash compositions of the present invention surprisingly and unexpectedly provide the aforementioned functions without the presence of alcohol through the use of a two-part blend of non-ionic and ionic surfactants and a unique mixture of flavor oils which combine to provide cooling and refreshing sensory notes while taste-masking the bitter, astringent taste of the antimicrobial actives. The compositions provide a healthy oral hygiene regimen for everyone, especially those who for one reason or another cannot tolerate the presence of alcohol.
The antimicrobial efficacy of the mouthwash compositions is attributed to the presence of what are known as essential oils, i.e., minor amounts of thymol or eucalyptol, menthol, eugenol and methyl salicylate. Thymol, (CH3)2 CHC6 H3 (CH3)OH (isoprophy-m-cresol), is only slightly soluble in water but is soluble in alcohol and is one of the reasons alcohol was necessary in well established commercial mouthwashes such as Listerine� in the past. Methyl salicylate (C6 H4 OHCOOCH3) also known as wintergreen oil, additionally provides flavoring to the mouthwash together with its antimicrobial function. Eucalyptol (C10 H18 O; cineol) is a terpene ether and provides a cooling, spicy taste. Eucalyptol may be used in place of thymol in certain formulations in the same amount if desired. Menthol (CH3 C6 H9 (C3 H7)OH; hexahydrathymol) also is only slightly soluble in alcohol, is fairly volatile, and in addition to any germ killing properties provides a cooling, tingling sensation. Eugenol (C3 H5 C6 H3 (OH)OCH3 ; 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) is soluble in alcohol and ether but only slightly soluble in water.
Thymol, or in its place eucalyptol, is incorporated into the formulations of the present invention in amounts of from about 0.001% w/v to about 0.08% w/v and preferably in an amount of about 0.02% w/v. Whereas eucalyptol may be used in place of thymol, it must be incorporated in slightly higher concentrations in a range of from approximately 0.01% w/v to about 2.0% w.v. Methyl salicylate is incorporated in an amount of from approximately 0.001% w/v to about 0.5% and preferably in an amount of approximately 0.1%. Menthol is incorporated into the mouthwash formulations of the present invention in an amount of approximately 0.001% w/v to about 0.10% w/v and preferably in an amount of about 0.06% w/v. Eugenol is incorporated in an amount of from about 0.001% w/v to about 0.06% w/v.
Surface active agents (surfactants) are organic materials which aid in the complete dispersion of the ingredients throughout the solution as well as dispersing the preparation throughout the oral cavity. Preferably, the surfactants incorporated are a blend of non-ionic and ionic surfactants which act together to solubilize the actives. The non-ionic surfactants are selected from the group known as poly(oxyethylene) poly(oxypropylene) block copolymers. Such copolymers are known commercially as poloxamers and are produced in a wide range of structures and molecular weights with varying contents of ethylene oxide. The non-ionic poloxamers according to the invention are non-toxic and acceptable as direct food additives. They are stable and readily dispersible in aqueous systems and are compatible with a wide variety of formulations and other ingredients for oral preparations. These surfactants should have an HLB (Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance) of between about 10 and 30 and preferably between 10 and 25.
Thus, non-ionic surfactants useful in this invention include poloxamers:
______________________________________105 188 237 334108 215 238 335124 217 284 338184 234 288 407185 235 333______________________________________
Generally these polymers should constitute from about 0.01% w/v to about 8.0% w/v and preferably from about 0.25% to about 0.75% w/v. A particularly preferred poloxamer 105 which is incorporated in an amount of about 0.5%.
A second surfactant, sodium lauryl sulfate is ionic and is used in combination with the poloxamer to surprisingly solubilize the essential oils and flavor oils otherwise not soluble in aqueous systems. The surfactants also act to disperse the actives and flavors throughout the solution and enable the compositions to provide a clear, uniform appearance that is aesthetically more appealing. The sodium lauryl sulfate is incorporated in an amount of from approximately 0.05% w/v to about 2.0% w/v, and preferably is added in an amount of about 0.2% w/v.
One or more flavor oils may be used in the practice of the present invention. The amount of flavor oils used should comprise from about 0.2% w/v to about 2.5% w/v. In one embodiment of the present invention, three types of peppermint oil, natural, Far West (Redistilled, terpeneless) and Rose Mitchum are combined to provide a tripartite blend. This unique blend of flavor oils as mentioned before not only provides for a pleasant tasting mouthwash but also serves to taste mask the bitter tasting essential oil actives discussed above. All three are individually combined in substantially the same amount of from about 0.01% w/v to about 1.0% w/v and preferably, in an amount of from about 0.2% w/v to about 0.3% w/v. Combined, the tripartite blend is incorporated in the mouthwash composition in an amount of approximately 0.1% to about 2.0% and preferably in an amount of from about 0.5% to about 0.9%.
Together with this triple peppermint blend, the essential oil methyl salicylate, a wintergreen flavor oil, also provides a disinfecting function in this manner as well. Other flavor oils may be added to further modify or magnify the cooling minty taste of the peppermint. Suitable flavors in particular include oil of anise (0.01% to about 0.2% w/v) and benzyl alcohol (0.001% w/v to about 0.1% w/v). In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the mouthwash is not colorless and clear but a clear green and further includes spearmint oil (0.01% w/v to about 2.0% w/v) as an additional flavorant. Other flavors such as citrus oils, vanillin and the like may be incorporated to provide further taste variations.
Additional components may be added as in conventional mouthwashes of the prior art. Whereas some alcohol containing mouthwashes have a pH of about 7.0, removal of the alcohol requires the addition of preservatives which drops the pH to unacceptable levels. Buffer systems are then necessary to control the pH of the composition at optimal levels. This is accomplished generally through the addition of a weak acid and its salt or a weak base and its salt. Useful systems have been found to be sodium benzoate and benzoic acid in amounts of from approximately 0.01% to about 2.0% w/v and sodium citrate and citric acid in amounts of from about 0.001% w/v to about 2.0% w/v and preferably from about 0.1% to about 0.2% w/v respectively. Preferably the buffers are incorporated in amounts that maintain the pH at levels of from approximately 3.5 to about 6.5 and more preferably, from about 4.8 to 5.2. Without being bound to any theory, it is believed that these pH levels provide the essential oils with an environment that maximizes their germ killing efficacy.
Other ingredients include those known and used in the art. A humectant such as polyethylene glycol may be added as an additional solubilizer for the flavor oils and these also provide texture to the composition. These are incorporated in amount of approximately 0.3% w/v to about 0.6% w/v and preferably about 0.5% w/v. Softeners such as glycerin are added to enhance the lubricous mouthfeel of the mouthwash as it is used and to provide a refreshing, moist, organoleptic feeling thereafter. Glycerin is incorporated in amounts of approximately 1.0% w/v to about 10.0% w/v and preferably in an amount of about 7.5%. Sweeteners such as aspartame or sodium saccharin may be added for better taste in amounts of from about 0.005% w.v to about 1.0% w.v and preferably in an amount of approximately 0.05% w/v. Zinc chloride may be added as an astringent for a "disinfecting cleaning" feeling in an amount of from about 0.0025% w/v to about 0.0075% w/v. And although the mouthwash formulations of the present invention are substantially clear and colorless, acceptably approved food dyes may be used to color the mouthwash. These may be selected from the long list of FD & C dyes and in particular may be incorporated to provide the spearmint green formulation discussed infra. Suitable dyes for this purpose include FD & C yellow #5, yellow #10 and FD & C green #3 and these are added in amounts of from about 0.0003% w/v to about 0.0005% w.v or preferably from approximately 0.000035% w/v to about 0.00045% w/v. Water is added to q.s. and the formulation may then be bottled and packaged for shipping.
Alternatively, the mouthwash compositions of the present invention may be formulated in a dry powder or liquid concentrate form. In such embodiments, the water added to q.s. the volume to the necessary total is not added in order to prepare the liquid concentrate or what water is present is removed using standard evaporation procedures known in the art to prepare the dry powder form. Both may then have water added at a later date when ready for use. Such forms are advantageous for storage and shipping.
The following examples are provided to more specifically recite the elements and preparation of the mouthwash formulation of the present invention. They are for illustrative purposes only, and it is recognized that many variations may be formulated to change or alter the composition to a degree. It is understood however that such alterations will still be considered to fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as recited by the claims that follow.
The following ingredients were assembled together in their respective amounts.
______________________________________ Percent AmountIngredients w/v 100 liter______________________________________1. Sodium Lauryl Sulphate .210 210.0 g.2. Benzoic Acid 0.025 25.0 g.3. Sodium Saccharin 0.050 50.0 g.4. Zinc Chloride 0.005 5.0 g.5. Sodium Benzoate 0.180 180.0 g.6. Glycerin 99% 7.500 7.5 kg.7. Thymol 0.020 20.0 g.8. l-Menthol 0.060 60.0 g.9. Oil of Peppermint 0.030 30.0 g. Natural Brand10. Oil of Peppermint 0.020 20.0 g. Far West Terpeneless11. Oil of Peppermint Rose Mitchum 0.030 30.0 g.12. Oil of Anise 0.014 14.0 g.13. Eugenol 0.006 6.0 g.14. Benzol Alcohol 0.040 40.0 g.15. Methyl Salicylate 0.110 110.0 g.16. Polyethylene Glycol 0.500 500.0 g.17. Pluronic 105 0.500 500.0 g.18. Deionized Water q.s. to 100.0 L19. Benzoic Acid q.s. q.s. to adjust pH20. Sodium Benzoate q.s. q.s. to adjust pH______________________________________
Ten liters of deionized water were mixed with 7.5 kg. of glycerin in a 100 liter container using a high shear mixer. Sodium lauryl sulfate was then added and mixing continued until all the ingredients were dissolved. Once a clear solution was achieved, the saccharin, zinc chloride and sodium benzoate were added and mixed until dissolved.
The essential oils and flavor oils were placed in a 500 ml. container and mixed until they become uniform. The benzoic acid was then added and mixed until the solution once again became clear. The polyethylene glycol was first preheated to 40� C. and this was combined in still a third vessel with the poloxamer 105 which had been heated to 45� C.-60� C. The surfactants were then added to the essential oil/flavor oils mixture and thoroughly dispersed. Subsequently, the glycerin, sodium lauryl sulfate and buffers combination that was previously mixed is added to the main batch and this was mixed for at least 30 minutes. Water was then added to q.s. the solution to 100 liters and the pH is adjusted, if necessary, using the sodium benzoate or benzoic acid buffers depending on whether the pH needs to be lowered or raised.
The colorless mouthwash had a pleasingly fresh, peppermint taste with a pH of about 5.0. Its specific gravity was 1.021.
The mouthwash formulation set forth in Example I was evaluated in vitro against oral malodor-causing bacteria, plaque-causing bacteria and an oral pathogenic yeast in order to prove the alcohol-free mouthwash is effective against microflora of the oral cavity. These species include Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 10953); Prevotella melaninoaenica (ATCC 25895); Candida albicans (ATCC 18804); Streptococcus mutans (ATTC 25175); Actinomyces viscosus (ATCC T14 V); Streptococcus sanguis (ATCC 10558); and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145). A series of Bahn kill kinetic studies were conducted in order to determine the time it takes to kill the microorganisms to prove breath freshening and efficacy against plaque and gum disease associated bacteria. The alcohol free mouthwash formulations of the present invention, clear peppermint and green spearmint, were compared against several well known commercial brands.
As set forth in Table 1, the data demonstrate that the alcohol-free mouthrinse of the present invention were equally efficacious against representative Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. Kill times of <0.5 min. for S. mutans and A. viscosus indicate bactericidal efficacy against plaque associated bacteria and <0.5 min. kill time for E. nucleatum and P. melaninogenicus also confirms effectiveness against oral malodor causing organisms.
TABLE 1__________________________________________________________________________BAHN TESTS RESULTS F. nucleatum P. melaninogenicus S. mutans A. viscosus S. sanguis P. aeruginosa C. albicansPRODUCT NAME #10953 #25845 #25175 #T.sub.14 V #10558 #10145 #18804__________________________________________________________________________Sample 1 <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <2.0 min.Sample 2 <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <1.0 min.Sample 3 <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min.Sample 4 <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min.Sample 5 <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min.Sample 6 <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min.Sample 7 <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <5.0 min.Sample 8 <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min. <0.5 min.Sample 9 No Kill No Kill No Kill No Kill No Kill No Kill No Kill__________________________________________________________________________ Sample (1) Alcohol Free Peppermint Sample (2) Alcohol Free Spearmint Sample (3) Commercial Alcohol Free Clear Sample (4) Commercial Blue (16.6% alc.) Sample (5) Commercial Green (18.9% alc.) Sample (6) Reduced Alcohol Green (6.65% alc.) Sample (7) Control (26.9% alc.) Sample (8) Negative Control (Deionized water)
A clinical malodor study was performed to compare the degree and duration of effectiveness of the compositions of the present invention and a commercial alcohol containing cosmetic product to that of a placebo control for the reducing human intrinsic breath malodor.
There were statistically significant differences between all four treatment groups at 30 minutes post-baseline. The treatment with the lowest mean malodor scope was the alcohol-free spearmint composition of the present invention (2), followed by the alcohol-free peppermint composition of the present invention (1) followed by commercial blue (4) and the control (7) in ascending order of mean malodor scores. At 60, 90 and 120 minutes post-baseline, both the alcohol-free peppermint and spearmint compositions of the present invention had statistically significantly lower mean malodor scores than both the commercial blue (4) and the control (7), but there were no statistically significant differences between the alcohol-free peppermint (1) and spearmint compositions (2) of the present invention and the commercial blue (4) and the control (7). At 180 minutes post-baseline, only the alcohol-free peppermint and spearmint compositions of the present invention was statistically significantly better than the commercial blue (4) and the control (7) in reducing oral malodor. There was no statistically significant differences between all four treatment groups at 240 minutes post-baseline.
The following ingredients were combined together according to the process of Example I in order to prepare a liquid concentrate of the mouthwash of the present invention.
______________________________________ AmountIngredients Percent w/v 20 liter______________________________________1. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 1.050 210.0 g.2. Benzoic Acid 0.125 25.0 g.3. Sodium Saccharin 0.250 50.0 g.4. Zinc Chloride 0.025 5.0 g.5. Sodium Benzoate 0.900 180.0 g.6. Glycerin 99% 37.500 7.5 kg.7. Thymol 0.100 20.0 g.8. l-Menthol 0.300 60.0 g.9. Oil of Peppermint 0.150 30.0 g.Natural Blend10. Oil of Peppermint 0.100 20.0 g.Far West11. Oil of Peppermint 0.150 30.0 g.Rose Mitchum12. Oil of Anise 0.070 14.0 g.13. Eugenol 0.030 6.0 g.14. Benzyl Alcohol 0.200 40.0 g.15. Methyl Salicylate 0.550 110.0 g.16. Polyethylene 2.500 500.0 g.Glycol 60017. Pluronic 105 2.500 500.0 g.18. Deionized water q.s. to 20.0 liter19. Benzoic Acid q.s. q.s.to adjust pH20. Sodium Benzoate q.s. q.s.to adjust pH______________________________________
The resulting "concentrate" has a pleasant fresh peppermint taste, and showed increased antimicrobial activity.
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|U.S. Classification
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|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
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|Mar 28, 2002
|Fee payment
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|Apr 23, 2002
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Mar 28, 2006
|Fee payment
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|Feb 19, 2007
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text:
2013-05-23, Nokesville, VA — High School Students Learn from Professional Composer Ryan Keebaugh
On May 23, 2013 at the Kettle Run High School in Nokesville, Virginia, Composers and Schools in Concert will present the world-premiere performance of a new piece created by composer Ryan Keebaugh for the Kettle Run High School Wind Ensemble under the direction of Matt Yonkey.
When: May 23, 2013
Time: 7 p.m.
Where: Kettle Run High School
7403 Academic Avenue
Nokesville, VA 20181
"I believe that CSIC can make a huge impact in the lives of high school music students. These commissions are just one way that CSIC is working to make a difference," said Katy Luo, CSIC's Program Director.If schools are interested in learning more about our commission program or would like to sign up for one, the first step is to visit the CSIC website and submit a registration form.
Composers and Schools in Concert (CSIC) launched in 2011. Led by CSIC Director Lisa Oman, it is the only organization in the United States dedicated to providing high school age students the opportunity to work with a professional composer. Through music collaborations, students are offered invaluable insight into the career of composition.


text:
Physical-Statistical Channel Model for Signal Effect by Moving Human Bodies
A novel physical-statistical channel model for simulating the signal effect by moving human bodies is presented. The human body is modeled as vertically oriented dielectric cylindrical volume. The received signal is assumed to be composed of a direct component which might be subject to shadowing and a multipath component due to reflection and diffuse scattering, i.e., a Ricean channel. The shadowing effect of the direct signal component is calculated using Kirchhoff diffraction equation. The multipath component is parameterized by calculating the reflected fields from the floor, ceiling and walls of the indoor environment as well as scattered fields from moving human bodies. Poisson and Exponential distributions are used to describe the shadowing and inter-shadowing events caused by multiple bodies, respectively.


text:
In Vitro Assay Services
At Censo Biotechnologies we believe that the utilisation of novel phenotypically relevant human cell systems is critical to better understanding of disease processes, the identification of small chemical entities which would positively impact these disease processes or indeed to stratify existing medicines for specific patient genotypes.
Utilising control and disease iPSC lines we develop assays that are tailored to deliver disease specific screening cascades. These consist of robust primary assays to create initial compound leads and can be followed by disease relevant secondary and tertiary phenotypic assays to explore structure activity relationships if appropriate.
Our focus in neurological diseases is supported by our successful development of differentiation protocols and know-how for cortical and sensory neurons. In developing these protocols, we have identified cryopreservation stages for various cell types which will allow us to deliver 'assay ready' cells to clients and to underpin screening work programmes. We are also developing the capability to profile compounds in phenotypically relevant, well characterised neurons made from control and disease iPSCs to deliver data enabling decision making on the efficacy of small chemical entities.
We take a partnership approach to assay development. This benefits our clients by allowing tailored assay development whilst sharing risk.
Contact us now to discuss your requirements:firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Processing complaints
How we can help
If you wish to raise any concerns, you may do this in a number of ways:
- By talking to a member of staff.
- By talking to a Manager.
- By talking to the Director of Care Services.
If you need an interpreter, Acorns will assist you with this. Following this, if you are not satisfied, we would encourage you to make a complaint.
Verbal Complaints
Any verbal complaints raised by children, families, volunteers, staff, (not personnel issues) or another person regarding any aspect of Acorns services will be heard and documented.
Staff receiving a verbal complaint will listen to the details and explain that they will discuss the issues raised with their Line Manager.
The appropriate Line Manager will either deal with the complaint or request it to be dealt with by a more Senior Manager within two working days.
The Director of Care Services will be informed of all complaints.
At all times the person complaining must be advised to put the complaint in writing if they wish.
A full verbal response will be given to the person complaining and this will be documented.
If necessary, a written response will be given within 20 working days.
Written Complaints
Any written complaint raised by children, families, volunteers, staff (not personnel issues) or any other person regarding any aspect of the Acorns services will be heard and acted upon.
All complainants will receive a written acknowledgement within two working days of receipt of the complaint.
A full response will be given within 20 working days of receipt of the complaint, or where the investigation is still in progress, a letter explaining the reasons for delay. The full response to follow within 5 working days of the conclusion of the investigation.
Any written complaints will immediately be brought to the attention of the Director of Care Services or whoever is deputising for them.
Training and administration
A register of complaints will be held at Acorns units in a safe and secure area (Complaints Book).
The Senior Care Management Team will review annually complaints received, outcomes and any lessons to be learnt.
External to Acorns, interpreters will be made available to establish good and clear communications, when necessary, with Acorns meeting the financial cost.
At every stage of the complaints process, all complainants will be helped to feel comfortable and that their complaint will be acted upon and valued.
On being accepted as an Acorns client, a copy of the Acorns Complaints Procedure will form part of the Welcome Pack of information given to families. All families will receive a copy of the Complaints Procedure within 28 days of being accepted as an Acorns client.
If you wish to make a complaint you can contact one of the following managers:
Head of Care
Head Nurse
Community Team Leader
If you wish to discuss a complaint with the Care Quality Commission, the Lead Office is:
Care Quality Commission National Correspondence
Newcastle upton Tyne


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Braum Build Guide by Palmete
Not Updated For Current Season
This guide has not yet been updated for the current season. Please keep this in mind while reading. You can see the most recently updated guides on the browse guides page.
Thank You!
Your votes and comments encourage our guide authors to continue
creating helpful guides for the League of Legends community.
Braum Build
Ability Sequence
Not Updated For Current Season
The masteries shown here are not yet updated for the current season, the guide author needs to set up the new masteries. As such, they will be different than the masteries you see in-game.
Threats to Braum with this build
|Nami is far too unsafe and lacks enough damage to poke you down. Just stand near your ADC and use your shield to block Nami's harass as much as possible. Go for an all-in if you ever land a Q. She should die to most ganks as well.
Welcome to my Braum Support Guide.
Braum' strength comes from his high CC, high tankyness, and immense peeling ability.
This is a relatively normal setup. The only notable thing is since Braum is a melee support he does not benefit from Bandit , so take Strength of Spirit instead.
I take 0/9/21 on Braum instead of 0/16/14 which is commonly seen on tank supports due to his ability to be effective during laning phase at a distance. He can stay back and throw Q's (benefiting from the lower CDR in the Utility tree) without being reliant on a ton of early tank stats to win lane. Wanderer will help you roam and make plays after laning phase.
(Starting Items)
Relic Shield + 4 Health Potions are the ideal laning items for Braum and provide you with a good amount of gold income.
(Early Game)
Try to save up 800 gold before recalling to get a Sightstone on your first buy. For your second buy you have a few choices: Boots of Speed + Targon's Brace, Boots of Mobility, Ninja Tabi, or Mercury's Treads. Choose depending on the enemy team (Mobility Boots by default, Ninja Tabi against physical or Merc Treads against magic/CC).
(Mid-Late Game)
Always rush Face of the Mountain as it is a very efficient tank item. After that is extremely situational. Buy tank items based on what is needed.
Braum benefits from nothing but tank stats, so that is all I take. No offensive marks are necessary.
I opt for scaling HP seals rather than flat HP since I have found that Braum does not often all-in before level 6, and that is the only time that flat HP becomes more beneficial.
(VS Aggressive)
Against very aggressive enemy bot lanes, I recommend using flat HP seals.
Magic Resist glyphs protect against magic damage in lane and burst later in the game
Armor quintessences protect against minion aggro and physical harass in the early game.
Summoner Spells
(Lane Dominance)
Ignite + Flash
(Counter Assassin)
Exhaust + Flash
Flash: Necessary for everyone
Ignite: Stronger for laning phase, gives you kill pressure.
Exhaust: Good against assassins, good against immobile ADCs.
Pros & Cons
+ Safe laning phase
+ High CC
+ Kill potential
+ High peel
- No Sustain
- Reliant on hitting his one nuke (Q)
Avoid fighting Thresh aggressively early levels, just try to throw Q's and poke. Only fight him if he plays too aggressive and draws creep aggro. As you level up you slowly will win the lane, and can begin to all-in him usually after your first buy. If he ever hooks your ADC make sure you W to your ally and throw your shield up. This should allow you to win the trade.
Nami is far too unsafe and lacks enough damage to poke you down. Just stand near your ADC and use your shield to block Nami's harass as much as possible. Go for an all-in if you ever land a Q. She should die to most ganks as well.
If you have enough pots, try to draw his bombs on to you rather than your ADC to attempt to keep your ADC from taking too much harass. Try to hit him with Q's and all-in him if he is ever out of position. If he is playing optimally he should be able to harass fairly safely and speed himself away if he is ever hit by your Q's. You need to wait for them to make a mistake or for your jungler to come to get an advantage in this lane.
You can't safely play too aggressively in this lane. It is mostly going to be a farm lane for the ADCs with both you and Morgana throwing Qs and trying to get a slight advantage in the lane. At lvl 6, try to bait out the Morgana's Black Shield, wait for it to be down and Flash-ult the ADC.
(Passive) Concussive Blows
If you auto-attack or Q someone it puts a debuff on them that requires 3 more auto-attacks (or Winter's Bites) to proc, dealing a little bit of damage and stunning them for 1.25-1.75 seconds. This very powerful passive is your bread and butter. Try to proc as many stuns as possible in fights.
(Q) Winter's Bite
Cooldown: 10/9/8/7/6 seconds
This is a skillshot that does good damage, slows, and applies your passive. It's spammable for harass in lane and is your primary catch ability and way to apply your passive to enemies.
(W) Stand Behind Me
Cooldown: 14/13/12/11/10 seconds
Jump to an ally and give some tank stats to both of you. Basically just a mobility move, use it when it is needed
(E) Unbreakable
Cooldown: 18/16/14/12/10 seconds
Put up your shield in the direction your mouse is located. From now on you block any projectiles, causing them to hit you instead of whoever they were shot at (Auto-attacks cannot go through you). You also do not take damage from the first projectile blocked, and take reduced damage from all sources coming from the direction you have the shield facing.
Glacial Fissure
Cooldown: 140/120/100 seconds
AOE knock-up and slow. Knocks up people directly around you (similar to Alistar's Pulverize) but also throws out a line that will knock up the first person hit (if no one else has been knocked up). The line continues to slow people in the area for 4 seconds.
(Early Game)
Take control of the bush and attempt to throw Qs and harass down the enemies. Usually you will not be able to do too much unless your opponents are out of position. Use Unbreakable to mitigate as much damage as possible in trades. Depending on the enemy champions you should be standing near your ADC and attempting to block harass from hitting him.
(Mid Game)
Once you have your ultimate you become extremely strong. Braum is most effective at counter ganking, so try to predict where the enemies are going to make plays and look to be there to counter. Otherwise look to stay with your ADC. You and he should be able to win 2v2s against the enemy bot lane at this point due to your ability to block the auto-attacks from hitting your ADC.
(Team Fights)
Look for Qs and good ultimates on priority targets to initiate the fights, but your primary goal is keeping your ADC alive. As long as your ADC is able to stay alive, you can play more aggressive and possibly attempt to get in the enemy ADC's face with your shield, blocking him from hitting anyone on your team. Try to apply your passive to as many enemies as possible, as it is your primary CC for team fights.


text: Most times I visit the local supermarket or local 24/7 shops, there is often a car parked across the lanes ,door open, engine running while the driver gets cash out. If he wanted a pint of milk he would park , lock up and go in. Even seen them leave kids in the back with the engine running Why is it there seems to be a mad panic to draw cash out that the whole area is jammed up. oh:


text:
Download – Maximum Overdrive (1986) 720p 10bit HEVC x265 BluRay
720p 617MB 10bit x265 HEVC Direct Link
Sample Download
Encoder: Gangsternerd
7 Responses to Download – Maximum Overdrive (1986) 720p 10bit HEVC x265 BluRay
Hi there Gangsternerd, I have an important concern regarding the encodes here at x265mkv.com. Almost all of the encodes posted here are done at 10bit of bit depth. But most of the entry level and old CPUs don't support hardware accelerated decoding of 10bit x265 movies. This brings the software decoder in play which uses a lot of CPU power (around 25% of constant CPU uses). Due to this high amount of CPU uses, the system generates heat and risks the system to have overheating issues.
So I request you to keep the bit depth of your encodes to 8bit so that some of the not so old CPUs can use hardware acceleration while playing the movies. I have 6th gen. Intel "Skylake" Pentium N3700 CPU which supports hardware acceleration for 8bit x265 encodes but not for 10bit ones.
I am not sure the hardware requirement but have you tried to switch media players?
Can check smplayer once and see if it makes a difference?
I have tried SM, KM, MPC-HC, VLC and Daum pot player. No use.
Don't be sorry, it's not your fault. About the site theme, it's not about whether 10bit or 8bit but to provide best quality on smallest size possible on x265. You can not encode using x264, that would be disrespect to the site's theme. What won't be disrespect is to encode in 8bit. I have seen some uploaders here posting the 8bit movies (Boyka Undisputed, e.g.). I see no difference in quality. This will help users with lower hardware configs to enjoy the benefits of x265 encodes. I am a laptop user, so can upgrade the graphics card. I wouldn't care if I had a desktop because heat management is better in desktops due ample space and airflow but in case of laptop, heating is critical due to narrow space. You can consult this matter with the admin (if you are not an admin already). I have to stop visiting this site if there is no 8bit encodes available in future and many other users will do the same as soon as they find out the drill.
*correction: I am a laptop user, so I can *not* upgrade the graphics card.
i'm too using laptop and faced the same issue of high cpu consumption while playing 10bit hevc files on mpc-HC(around 20-30% cpu)


text:
Yuvan Shankar Raja has come out in the open explaining the audio launch delay for one of the most anticipated releases of the season. The young composer disclosed, "The reason for the delay in Mankatha audio is because we had to scrap 1 tune and record a fresh 1".He further stated, "I wasn't happy with the old tune for Mankatha." As a result, the composer got himself back to work fixing things up in the process and now has come up with something fresh. He sounded satisfied with his accomplishment as he remarked, "The new tune sounds much better than the earlier one."
We also heard that Yuvan was not in the pink of health for the past few days but work has kept him on his toes. He confirmed the same stating, "Sorry people been super busy and sick as well." After working on his new tune he feels a lot better and ensures that he is working hard to get Mankatha's final mix down as soon as possible.
So most probably the audio release can be expected this August.


text:
Approaching Day of happily and carelessly love people. In the first approach, love is like a drug, we do not really know that person fall in love in but with time come our perception of it, with time comes knowledge, understanding, acceptance and the ability to match up.
Sounds not so valentine because love in this day is associated primarily with crazy, mad feeling - St. Valentine was famous from the giving marriage to love couples often against the wishes of their parents, but also was a healer, helped all the people small and large with his ordinary great love.


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lol:P theres no maximum requirements
MSN: firstname.lastname@example.com
Timezone: GMT +1
Middleman since: April 13th, 2011
Marketplace minion since: April 18th, 2011
Runescape minion since: June 6th, 2011
Moderator since: September 28th, 2011
General Moderator since: November 2nd, 2011
Global Moderator since: April 29th, 2012
Super User since: November 1st, 2013
lol:P theres no maximum requirements
ofc theres recommended requirements to play without lagg
i3 processor and 2,13ghz
you wil need 2,93ghz atleast for playing with medium
D: I can play mw2 on medium though D: Thats BS
Linux PC (Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU M 330 @ 2.13GHz) : Geekbench Result Browser
well i got i7 12cores and 16gb ram
ofc u can play BO but u wil have lagg. no doubt on that
well, the internett got something to say to. but i see that on ure specs u wont be able to play BO without lagg. you wil probally need to play on LOW or MID but noway u can play high quality
well i never play high quality on mw2 i play medium and i like it, runs smooth most times and i have fun So if i can play BO like i do mw2 i will be HAPPY


text:
AboutI'm Ashley. I live in Sacramento, California. I like eating food, cooking food, taking pictures of food, and traveling to places where I can find food. This is my blog.
Recent Posts
Tag Archives: pizza
Sacramento-Style Deep Dish Pizza
I've been really busy lately. Really busy. Like, eating-exclusively-cereal-and-freezer-burnt-leftovers busy. So, I don't have much to talk about, food-wise. I could show you what a bowl of shredded wheat looks like, but I'll spare you. Things finally slowed down tonight, … Continue reading
Posted in Main Dishes Tagged pizza 3 Comments
Cookbook Challenge: 500 Vegan Recipes
The PPK is doing a weekly cookbook challenge. I haven't been following along very well (or at all, really, since they cooked from 500 Vegan Recipes several weeks ago), but I like the idea of using my cookbooks more. I … Continue reading
Posted in 500 Vegan Recipes, Cookbooks Tagged bananas, black beans, coconut milk, Mexican, onions, pizza, rice, snow peas, sweet potatoes, tofu, tortillas, yeasted bread 3 Comments


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Pay your bill online
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If this problem persists please report this problem and mention your error message and the query that caused it.
We are delighted to welcome a new intake of apprentices as part of our long-term strategy for
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The Family Business Practice is the brainchild of Peter Roper, the Family Business Man. Today, the Practice is two years old, has over 80 members ranging from husband-and-wife consultancies to
Ms E - "Efficient, professional legal services - I find anything related to the legal profession quite daunting but FBC Manby Bowdler deal with matters in such a professional manner that it does diminish a lot of stress and anxiety. I was completely
© 2017 FBC Manby Bowdler LLP
Authorised and regulated by the Solicitors Regulation Authority. SRA Number: 487405


text:
Hole lot of trouble for motorists
The sickening crunch of rubber on crumbled Tarmac and the stomach-lurching drop are something every driver will have experienced.
Potholes are wrecking roads like never before – a result of a string of harsh winters.
Councils, with their funding under unprecedented pressure, are now holding out hope for extra cash to do something about them.
The government has just pledged £103.5 million to help local authorities across the country pay for road repairs, but not yet broken down how much each will get.
"I hope it's not just for the areas hit by flooding," says Councillor Adrian Andrew, who oversees transport at Walsall Council. They obviously need it but so do we.
"This winter was not as harsh as some of the others we've had in recent years. But there was a lot of rain and there were days when it froze, and it's the constant freezing and thawing that adds to the problem of potholes."
Britain's climate makes it especially susceptible to potholes caused by water expanding as it freezes before melting.
The money being handed out by the government also includes a further £80m for the roads which have been most damaged by the severe weather.
This is in addition to almost £900 million already made available for road maintenance this year, bringing total government investment allocated to more than £1 billion in 2013 to 2014.
Transport secretary Patrick McLoughlin, who cut his political teeth as a councillor in Cannock and used to work in the mines, said: "Having the right infrastructure in place to support businesses and hardworking people is a crucial part of our long-term economic plan.
"This extra money will help make a real difference to the millions of road users and local residents who rely on local roads, giving them safer and smoother journeys."
But potholes are an expensive business. Wolverhampton City Council alone has had more than 300 to deal with over the winter.
This comes at a time when it is having to begin making £123 million of cuts and axing 2,000 jobs following cuts to its government grants. Other councils are facing the same challenges – shrinking budgets but growing demands. And when councils are not quick enough to repair the potholes, they end up forking out for compensation.
Sandwell Council paid out £14,000 in 2011/12 to people whose property was damaged because of them. Last year, Staffordshire County Council had a blitz on winter-damaged highways with £500,000 to tackle the worst-hit areas.
Within the first few months of the year, 4,500 potholes had been repaired, compared to around 2,900 in the same period in 2012.
Even so, it is a never ending battle.
Dudley councillor Khurshid Ahmed, cabinet member for transportation, said: "While the winter has not been as harsh this year in terms of freezing conditions we have had the wettest winter in over 100 years and more than 30 nights of frost which has again caused significant issues in relation to damaged road surfaces.
"The number of potholes being reported on Dudley borough roads is similar to this time last year.
"Given the severe financial pressures on council budgets we welcome any additional funding support to help us maintain Dudley borough's highway network."
Councillor Andrew says he understands the need for people to claim compensation, but says it adds to councils' pressures. People pay their council tax and they rightly expect us to make sure the roads are repaired. If their cars have been damaged then they will be making a claim."
Walsall now has two machines, purchased almost three years ago, to make permanent repairs to road surfaces. "It means we've drastically reduced the 'return rate', where we'd have to go back and do the job again," said Councillor Andrews.
Potholes are such a nuisance that there is even a lobby group set up to help people claim compensation.
The website potholes.co.uk features a map where people can give details of problem roads.
Most Read
Black Friday: Cannock's Newlife store is swamped, but high street sales get a lukewarm reception – with VIDEO
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text: Seller: bryanstahl (254) 100%, Location: Fox River Grove, Illinois, Ships to: Worldwide, Item: 151937598439 Stahl Restorations...World Class AntiquesClick Here to Visit my eBay Store: bryanstahl *****5 STAR CLIENT TESTIMONIAL***** Hello Bryan, My boyfriend, Bob, is away on business but he had me open the package that you sent to us. I want to thank you so much for your prompt mailing, your much appreciated over-the-top packaging, the lovely note, candies and, of course, the beautiful Chippendale Colonial brass ring pull. It perfectly fits and matches the original hardware on my grandmother's sideboard...patina and all! Bob felt so terrible when he accidentally broke the original drawer pull so I know he will be very pleased that we found you. Thank you again, and I feel like we have found a gem of a source, Bryan. We will definitely look you up again should we have similar needs and I will be sure to pass on your name. If all companies dealt with their customers like you do it would be a perfect consumers world. Sincerely, Kerry S. California Another world class hardware find!!! Just one pull available Circa 1960-1970 Perfect with Mid Century, Danish Modern, Art Deco or any other project Made of solid cast metal with a gorgeous chrome plating This was made for the Sears Company under their famous "Craftsman" line A fantastic mirror-like polished chrome finish... I found this pull in it's original packaging, partially opened. I opened it fully to take photos Excellent condition, a few very tiny nicks, otherwise pristine chrome finish This great looking pulls will look excellent on your project Installation tips:I will include mounting screws that work with a 3/4" thick door or drawer thickness. If you need screws for a different thickness project, just call me or email a note upon checkout to advise me of your project thickness. I will happily include the correct screws in your shipment I guarantee you will never find a pull like this in any BigBox store All the best, Bryan Dimensions(inches)On center mounting/distance when measured from the center of one screw hole to the center of the other screw hole...2 3/4Long...3 3/4Approximate size of mounting base...1/4 x 3/4Width at center of pull...1/4Projection from drawer front/door front...1Stock # 338 Click on "SEE DETAILS" for your shipping options Condition: New Old Stock...with opened original packaging, Style: Art Deco


text:
Santa Fe, New Mexico
The Ten Thousand Waves spa, a few miles north of Santa Fe, has opened its first restaurant, Izanami, which serves Japanese-inspired seasonal small plates. In the summer you can dine outside, and in the cooler months you can have a hot soak under the stars, then come in to try housemade gyoza with pork and maybe grilled Wagyu tri-tip with wasabi, paired with a Japanese microbrew or a little something off the 50-deep sake list.
Last Reviewed
January 2016
3451 Hyde Park Road
Santa Fe, NM


text:
David C. Holton, 80, a retired Foreign Service officer who specialized in commercial affairs, died April 2 at Sunrise Assisted Living in Washington. He had dementia.
Mr. Holton joined the Foreign Service in 1960 and held assignments in Germany, Japan, South Africa, New Zealand, Norway and Canada before retiring in 1986.
In retirement from the government, he spent five years with the Fulbright Scholar Program. He recruited scholars to serve on selection boards.
David Caryl Holton was a native of London, Ohio. He was a 1952 graduate of Miami University in Ohio, where he was elected to the Phi Beta Kappa honor society. He served in the Navy in the mid-1950s.
He was a past president of the Potomac Appalachian Trail Club's ski-touring section.
Survivors include his wife of 55 years, Dorothy Bloch Holton of Washington; three children, John Holton of Baltimore, Ruth Hodson of Sacramento, Calif., and Stephen Holton of Ossining, N.Y.; and two grandsons.


text:
Yes please to both! Our love for both coasts lives here in a generously cut and very relaxed fit muscle tee. Goes girlie with a pencil skirt or tough with destroyed denim.
- Scoop neck
- Sleeveless
- Loose fit
- 100% Viscose
- Machine Wash
- Item #: RMST018429QD
Model Info:
Model is 5' 11" wearing a size medium


text:
Early Bird
If you're up with the larks then visit William Hill Bingo in the Early Bird Room for some early morning bingo games.
With 5p and 10p games, there are great prizes to be had, especially because this room is usually quiet due to the time of day!
Jump out of bed and play some bingo at William Hill Bingo in the Early Bird room!
From 5p
1TG Hour:
2TG Hour:
1TG & 2TG Games:
From £5 up to £10
Biggest Win:
Every morning there is one whole hours worth of 5p bingo games.
William Hill Bingo has several rooms that offer traditional 90-ball bingo; the Main Room, Community Room, Willy's Den, Bargain Basment and Speed Bingo to name a few, all of which can be selected from the Bingo Lobby.
A new game of bingo starts every couple of minutes, but if you want to take part in the game you need to make sure you buy your tickets at least 10 seconds before the game starts.
Tickets and Strips
In the 90-Ball Bingo game, a ticket is an individual grid of 27 squares made up of three rows and nine columns. Each row contains five numbers and four blank squares. 15 numbers appear on every ticket.
In the 90-Ball Bingo game, a strip is a group of six tickets. Every possible number from one to 90 will appear on each full strip.
You may buy a total of up to 12 strips for some bingo games, totaling 72 tickets!
Game Prizes
The prizes offered in each bingo game have a minimum guaranteed payout and the final payout is determined by the number of tickets purchased per game. The more tickets purchased, the bigger the prizes.
In each 90-Ball bingo game there are three prizes to be won – one-line, two-lines and Full House. The player who is the first to have all the numbers called displayed in a horizontal line on their ticket wins the one-line prize. To win the two-line prize, the player must have all the numbers called on two lines of the same ticket. To win the full house the player must have all the numbered squares called on a ticket.
You will be a winner and will receive the current prize regardless of whether you have marked the numbers on the winning ticket. The bingo game will automatically identify a win. Winners will be visibly published in bingo and the Bingo Caller will make an announcement.
Two or more players can win/share a prize in bingo (one line, two lines or Full House), ie, players may have tickets which meet the prize criteria on the same ball. A single player may also win a prize more than once too (this can only happen if the player purchased tickets from other strips; in such circumstances the cash prize will be split in equal proportions between the winners). Winnings will be deposited directly into the player's account.
Playing the Game
If you have purchased tickets for the current game when game play begins the interface will change and you will participate in the game of bingo.
Winning a Prize
There are three prizes to be won in each bingo game - one line, two lines and House or Bingo. You win if your ticket is the first to meet the following criteria:
- One-line win - when all the numbers displayed in a horizontal line on a ticket have been called.
- Two-lines win - when all the numbers displayed on two lines of one ticket have been called.
- Full house - all the numbers displayed on one ticket have been called.
You will be a winner and will receive the current prize regardless of whether you have marked the numbers on the winning ticket. The bingo game will automatically identify a win. Winners will be visibly published in bingo and the Bingo Caller will make an announcement.
If you are playing or watching a game of bingo the Game Details area of the bingo window displays information on the current game:
- Game Name ie, In for a Penny, Golden Ticket.
- Number of People in the bingo room.
- Details of the three prizes on offer in Bingo – one-line, two-line, House – and the value of each prize.
- The current prize being played for in the game is highlighted.
In the event of a bingo game not playing out, for whatever reason, the malfunction will void all pays and play.


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Victims and witness to be spared courtroom ordeal under new pilot scheme
A SCHEME to allow victims and witnesses to give evidence ahead of criminal trials is set to begin its pilot phase tomorrow.
Vulnerable individuals are to be given the opportunity to give evidence and undergo cross-examination away from the intense atmosphere of the courtroom.
It is hoped that this will protect them from aggressive questioning in front of judge, jury and potentially an alleged attacker.
Cross-examination would be performed by the prosecution and defence barristers ahead of the trial in front of a judge, before being shown to the jury during the trial.
Leeds, Liverpool and Kingston-upon-Thames Crown Courts will test the new scheme, with the Ministry of Justice aiming to roll it out more widely if successful.
Following a visit to Kingston-upon-Thames Crown Court to see how it would work in practice, Victims' Minister Damian Green said: "It is crucial that people who have experienced or reported horrific crimes are given the highest possible level of protection and support. I am determined that their needs will be put first.
"It is vital the right to a fair trial is upheld. As part of that, if someone is accused of a crime they should be brought to justice as swiftly as possible.
"If you have experienced a horrendous crime, giving evidence in the pressured environment of a live courtroom, in front of the jury and the public gallery, can be intimidating and perhaps too much to ask.
"That's why we are trying a new approach, the first of its kind, which prioritises the victim.
"I hope this test will allow pre-trial cross-examination to take place more widely."
If you have experienced a horrendous crime, giving evidence in the pressured environment of a live courtroom can be intimidating and perhaps too much to ask
Although vulnerable witnesses and victims are currently able to give evidence via video link or from behind a screen, the new measures would take protection a step further.
The pilot scheme will take place over a six-month period.
Adam Pemberton, assistant chief executive at Victim Support, said: "We welcome these pilots because repeated, aggressive questioning of vulnerable witnesses in a packed courtroom cannot be the best way to obtain sound and accurate evidence.
"More importantly, it is not the right way to protect vulnerable victims and witnesses from what can often be a distressing and traumatic experience.
"Victims and witnesses are entitled to a fair trial as well as defendants and we believe pre-recorded evidence taken in a less intense environment and when events are fresher in the mind will help level the playing field.
"However, it remains critical that vulnerable and intimidated witnesses get specialist help and support throughout the criminal justice process too."
Victims' Commissioner Baroness Newlove also praised the decision to trial the new system.
She said: "Vulnerable victims deserve the best possible protection from the hostile courtroom.
"While this is a welcome step for victims, I will be urging the Government to go further. There needs to be a total culture change in the way that victims are treated by the courts, especially when it comes to cross-examination.
"When it comes to the trial, we all too often let victims down by not treating them with basic human decency.
"Prosecutors have an important responsibility to protect victims from gruelling and repeat questioning by multiple defence lawyers.
"We can improve this by providing everyone with clearer and more open CPS policy on pre-trial counselling and give victims better guidance on the support available to help them cope with the stresses of the trial."


text: The Xenon wiki last edited by HatterMari on 12/19/13 10:03PM View full history Xenon has a vendetta against all Supergirls from all worlds because one imprisoned him at the dawn of time. He goes to the post-crisis era where he captures Kara. Back in the Pre-Crisis era, Linda was confronted by The Spectre saying that it was not going to work with Linda dying instead of Kara.Linda agreed to return to her time and send Kara back as long as The Spectre ensured that her daughter survives. The Specter agrees and Linda is transported to Xenon's palace. Linda confronts Xenon, defeats him, and rescues Kara. Xenon has hunted for all females who bare the crest of super girl on their breast for thousands of years since being trapped. With the aid of his servant Fatalist, he roundup supergirls from multiple Worlds, Realms, universe's & time's. Dragging them back to his prison at the dawn of time, where all life starts and ends. He keeps them there to slowly kill them & watch them suffer. This slowly makes the seal to his prison crumble. Hoping to free himself again so he can end all Supergirls throughout time & space forever.