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Two persons died on Saturday after a tanker collided with a private bus and then rammed into a private car on National Highway 6 at Dhulagar, in the Sankrail police station area, in Howrah. Around 16 people, including a former sub-divisional officer of Alipore, were injured in the mishap.
The incident occurred at around 9 am when a Howrah-bound tanker from Uluberia rammed into a private bus on the Howrah-Jigira route, while trying to overtake another vehicle. Under the impact of the collision, the tanker swerved and dashed into the private car.
All the 18 injured were taken to Gaberia Hospital in Sankrail, while those with more serious injuries were shifted to Howrah State General Hospital.
Two of them succumbed to their injuries later in the day at the Howrah hospital. Three others are said to be in a critical condition, said a police officer.
One of the dead was identified as Tarun Chakraborty, said Mihir Bhattacharya, superintendent of police, Howrah. The other victim could not be identified till late in the evening.
The private car belonged to Dibyendu Sarkar, a former sub-divisional officer of Alipore. Both he and his driver have received minor injuries. They were treated at the Howrah hospital and later discharged. Others admitted at Gaberia Hospital were reported to be stable, Bhattacharya added.
Police have impounded the private bus and the tanker. The driver of the tanker, who had also suffered minor injuries and was later discharged from the hospital, has been arrested. The bus driver is still in hospital.
Stadium reopening
PWD minister Amar Chowdhury, sports minister Subhas Chakraborty and finance minister Asim Dasgupta discussed the reopening of Netaji Indoor Stadium on Saturday. The stadium is closed for the past three months due to snags in the air-conditioning machines and poor state of the hall. The stadium will be reopened if chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee gives the green signal.


text: Friede Goldman Offshore Texas has reached a decision with Petrodrill IV and Petrodrill V concerning contract disputes over Friede Goldman's construction of two Amethyst-class deepwater semisubmersible drilling rigs for Petrodrill. The agreements have been approved by the boards of directors for both companies by MarAd, which is providing loan guarantees for the project. The agreements call for the new delivery dates of Amethyst 4 and 5 to occur on September 15, 2001 and December 15, 2001, respectively. Both parties have agreed to increase the float-out milestone payment by $3 million per rig and to a final $6.4 million payment per rig at delivery, resulting in a new contract value of $186.8 million based upon the new delivery schedules. Both companies have also decided to terminate all pending litigation related to the project.

subset: commoncrawl


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Washington, D.C. — Four hundred million un-born lives "snuffed out," another 100 million who lived just long enough to be massacred by Mao, Stalin, Castro and the like. But for all those deaths, there is only one statue in one city to remember the international victims of Communism: the Goddess of Democracy at the intersection of Massachusetts and New Jersey Avenue in Washington, D.C.
A wreath-laying ceremony was held at the memorial on June 12, marking the fifth anniversary of the memorial's dedication by President George W. Bush and Representative Tom Lantos (D., Calif.) in 2007. The memorial was modeled after the statue erected by Chinese students at Tiananmen Square in 1989, and which after just five days was destroyed by the People's Liberation Army.
Accents abounded among the 100-plus in attendance at the ceremony Tuesday morning — from Midwestern to Eastern European to Central Asian; all gathered to remember the victims of Communism from around the world.
Former secretary of defense Donald Rumsfeld spoke at the event, and received the Truman-Reagan Medal of Freedom from Edwards and Lantos for "his dedication to our nation, for his lifelong opposition to Communism, and for his enormous commitment to freedom and democracy."
Past recipients of the award include former president of Poland Lech Walesa, Pope John Paul II, and William F. Buckley Jr. After receiving the medal, Rumsfeld placed the first wreath at the feet of the Goddess. Following him was a long procession of representatives of countries who have suffered under Communism, past and present, and organizations working to fight Communism.
Other speakers included Anhthu Lu (one of the 1.2 million "Boat People" who fled Communist Vietnam from 1975 to 1995), Reggie Littlejohn (president of Women's Rights Without Frontiers and fierce critic of China's one-child policy), and a representative with a message from the exiled Tibetan congress, asking the world to "stop turning a blind eye to those who suffer under Communism."
The keynote speaker was Annette Lantos, widow of Tom Lantos. She lived in Hungary in the late 1940s, as the Soviet Union tightened its grip on western Europe. Lantos blasted Communism as "an ideology that can only be maintained through fear, intimidation, and indoctrination."
"I think we all wish we lived in a much less selfish society, that prosperity was available to everyone, and that great disparity in poverty, hunger, and wealth were eliminated," she said. "But any noble ideals of this Godless system of government are obscured — completely — by Communism's commitment to deprive people of what is most valuable, the only thing that is inherently our own: our freedom of thought, of action, of faith, and of choice."
"We must not forget the millions around the globe who are still trapped in tyranny, still clinging to hope, and still looking to us," Rumsfeld told the crowd after receiving his medal. "May the United States of America always be a beacon of light to the world and may we be blessed with leaders who understand that and who value it."


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|Home » Articles » Directory
National Bookstore SM CalambaBranch,PHILIPPINES
Store/Branch Address
G/F,and 2/F SM City Calamba National Highway Brgy,Real Calamba,Laguna
Contact/Telephone Number
(02) 519-4012
Fax No.
Email address:
Store Hours
Store Days
Product Services Offered
Bookstore,Office supplies,School Supplies,
Do you have any concern with
National BookstoreSM Calamba Branch?
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PASCAGOULA — Ingalls Shipbuilding will hold a keel authentication Friday in Pascagoula for its fifth U.S. Coast Guard National Security Cutter James (WMSL 754). Ingalls President Irwin F. Edenzon and David Blackburn, director of the USCG Project Resident Office Gulf Coast, are scheduled to speak at the 10 a.m. event at the shipyard. The security cutter is named for Joshua ...Read More »
Daily Archives: May 15, 2013
Two men, tobacco company indicted for contraband cigarettes
OXFORD — Two Kentucky men and a tobacco company have been indicted for their alleged involvement in the trafficking of contraband cigarettes. David Brian Cooper, 47, George Bertram, 53, both of Jamestown, Ky., and Tantus Tobacco Co of Russell Springs, Ky., pleaded not guilty Tuesday in U.S. District Court in Oxford. Trial is scheduled for July 8. The two men ...Read More »
Memorial Hospital names STARs
Memorial Hospital at Gulfport has named the recipients of the first quarter 2013 Star awards, Memorial's highest honor. STAR (Service, Teamwork, Attitude and Respect) recognizes outstanding customer service. The recipients are: Phyllis Fears, Senior psych tech, Memorial Behavioral Health; Al Pittman, RN, ICU; Dr. Fred Pakron, Physician Clinics, pulmonology; Connie Keel, director, medical staff services; Gloria McGee, team leader, environmental ...Read More »
Tunica casinos get new general managers
Foundation Gaming Group, LLC has appointed Eddie Llambias as vice president and general manager of Bally's Casino and Tony Scudiero as vice president and general manger of Resorts Casino, both located in Tunica. Llambias has more than 25 years of experience in the casino and hospitality industry, most recently as the general manager of the Trump Plaza Hotel and Casino, ...Read More »
Hattiesburg Clinic chooses Jesse Williams
Hattiesburg Clinic recently selected Jesse Williams, PC technician for IS, as the PRIDE of Hattiesburg Clinic Employee of the Quarter for the first quarter of 2013. He was selected from over 250 nominations this quarter. Williams has been a Hattiesburg Clinic employee since October 2010. He started as a PC technician I and became a PC technician II in July ...Read More »
Donald Grebner co-authors forestry book
Mississippi State University professor Donald Grebner is the lead author on a new forestry and natural resources textbook. "Introduction to Forestry and Natural Resources" provides a general overview of the forestry and natural resources profession, as well as the history of forestry, landowner objectives, forest disturbances, ecosystem services and urban forestry. Grebner, professor in MSU's College of Forest Resources, spent ...Read More »
Steve Taylor chosen as MSU distance education director
Steve Taylor is the new executive director of Mississippi State's Center for Distance Education. For more than 25 years, Taylor has been a part of the faculty and administration at the university, a place he planned to work for just a few years. A Virginia Tech University doctoral graduate, Taylor came to the MSU campus as an assistant professor of ...Read More »
Regions Insurance expands employee benefits practice
Regions Insurance, an affiliate of Regions Bank, has expanded its employee benefits practice in Jackson. Mickey Watkins, owner of Employee Benefit Resource Group, along with associates Susan Rayborn and Ashley Williams, has joined Regions Insurance Group. Watkins began his insurance career with Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Mississippi as manager and then director of the Rating and Underwriting Department ...Read More »
Alexandra Hui awarded National Science Foundation grant
Mississippi State University assistant history professor Alexandra Hui has been awarded the first major National Science Foundation grant ever presented to a humanities department at the university. Hui won a year-long $155,000 grant to study how the perception of sound has changed over time. Hui plans to study a new type of listening that has developed with the technology and ...Read More »
CRAWFORD: Is a taint of tyranny infecting our Medicaid standoff?
The dictionary defines "tyranny" as oppressive power exerted by government. Founder Thomas Jefferson warned "Experience hath shown, that even under the best forms of government those entrusted with power have, in time, and by slow operations, perverted it into tyranny." Is a taint of tyranny infecting our Medicaid standoff? Compare the Senate's actions with those of the House and the ...Read More »


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Students in debt should be allowed to graduate, OFT says
The Office of Fair Trading (OFT) warned universities this week that policies which prevent students in debt from graduating could breach consumer protection laws.
75% of universities currently impose sanctions on students with unpaid debts such as accommodation and childcare bills, the OFT found.
Many universities don't allow students who owe them money to graduate or progress to the next academic year, while others restrict access to student services.
As a result of the investigation, the OFT wrote to universities around the country warning them that sanctions could break consumer law.
55% of 18-24 year olds say their debts have increased over the last five years, according to research released last month by Demos.
Unless universities significantly change their policies as a result of the OFT's intervention it's likely that an increasing number of students with financial problems will find themselves stuck: unable to get a job to pay off their debts without graduating; unable to graduate without paying off their debts.
Debts shouldn't stop graduation
To prevent that untenable situation, the OFT said in its report, universities should consider withdrawing unfair sanctions on students in financial difficulty.
Some of the sanctions deemed unfair by the OFT include:
Saving money
After graduation
- Enabling universities to restrict access to facilities that are critical to study.
- Preventing students from re-enrolling on to their next academic year.
- Preventing students from graduating, attending their graduation ceremony and/or receiving their formal certificate and certified result transcripts.
The National Union of Students (NUS), whose complaint sparked the OFT investigation agreed.
The NUS Vice President for Welfare, Colin Maguire, described such sanctions as "disproportionate" and suggested that they only put further stress on students already struggling with debt.
Michelle Highman, CEO at The Money Charity, told us that by forcing students to make debts to their university a priority, universities could easily push young people further into debt.
"Students who are in debt to their University obviously should pay back the money they owe. The current system, however, effectively allows universities to take priority over other debtors, meaning that a student could be forced to pay back a library fine over paying other real 'priority debts' - like mortgage, rent or utility bills - which is clearly unreasonable," she said.
"We're really pleased to see the OFT tackling this, and urge Universities to take action," Ms Highman added.
But alternatives could be worse
However, forcing universities to withdraw academic sanctions could lead to harsher measures.
Among the 25% of universities that the OFT found were not imposing academic sanctions, some are using commercial debt collectors instead.
If more universities go that way as a result of this ruling, that could also be worrisome.
Commercial debt collection practices have been the subject of enquiry themselves in the past. In 2011, for example, the OFT was forced to issue a warning against debt collection firms using underhand and even aggressive methods to recover money.
Debt collectors have also been linked to the use of 'charging orders' (more here), a way to threaten borrowers homes, even when their debts are unsecured.
On the other hand, the OFT also identified some universities that were making greater use of other alternatives including:
- Advice and early support of students to prevent debt becoming a huge burden.
- Withholding services of the same type, such as access to the library, if library fees are overdue.
- Encouraging timely payment with incentives.
The methods universities use to deal with students that owe them money is likely to continue to come under the spotlight as the number of young people facing serious debt problems increases.
Fighting student debt
According to research released by Demos last month, most people under the age of 35 have over £2,000 of non tuition fee debt.
However, researchers found that a significant minority - 19% of 18-24 year olds and 22% of 25-34 year olds - owed more than £10,000.
"When we talk about rising debt levels, it is young people in their 20s and 30s who are bearing the brunt," Jo Salter, the study's lead researcher commented.
The Demos report revealed that "unexpected expenses" and "affording the basics" were among the most common reasons for respondents to get into debt.
The Money Charity told us that, in their experience, unsecured debt is a widespread problem and a major concern for many students.
Universities that restrict access to valuable support and advice only compound the problem of debt, leaving students struggling to cope on their own.
Stopping students from progressing into the jobs market or, in the case of students further away from graduation, preventing students from accessing their next student loan payment is clearly counter-intuitive.
Banning sanctions outright won't help students facing debt worries, unless universities make better provision for them, however.


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- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
Description of the Accommodation
Rooms, services Hotel Residence Sant'Angelo Serrara Fontana may be an ideal location for a trip or holiday in Italy. The hotel is offering 19 tastefully furnished rooms to those seeking accommodation in Serrara Fontana. The bar can be an ideal place for a pleasant evening talk or a meeting. Your valuables can be the safely secured in the safe. If you wish to learn more about the exact scope of services provided by Hotel Residence Sant'Angelo Serrara Fontana (including any available for an extra fee), you will find them on the information sheet below.
Payment For the reservation you may need to provide advance payment by credit card or credit card guarantee, depending on the exact date, room and price.
Arrival, opening hours The earliest time to check in to your room is 14:00, the latest time to check out of your room is 10:00. The personnel of the hotel can speak in Italian and English with you.
Hotel Residence Sant'Angelo Serrara Fontana rooms Rooms
- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
Accommodation services
- Pool (Outdoor - seasonally open)
Pet friendly, Bar, Safe deposit box
Hairdryer, Desk in the room, Mini-bar


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Skin Care for Every Age
Still using the cream your mother gave you when you were 18? Here's the beauty regimen you need at your age. The pictures (from a reliable online skincare magazine) are posted because we absolutely agree on their advise on skin care as you go though each decade.
Just because you are 20, you think that partying, drinking and sleeping late are all right. Youth is not an excuse to neglecting your skin. This is the basic regimen. Cleanse and moisturize (with SPF) during the day. Spot treatment could be optional based on your skin type and if there are certain skin conditions you want to focus on. Apply serum or moisturizer at night after cleansing.
The sun can be harsh and may take its toll on your skin. Exfoliating is the key and adding a good moisturizer can prevent the onset of fine lies and wrinkles. Retinoids may be applied at night to maintain the skin tone. But remember, at this age, hydrating the skin is very important.
You look in the mirror and you notice those claws on significant and visible places on your face. Your neck has more lines than ever. You may start using peptides to build collagen as well. Moisturizers that has glycerin helps retain moisture may be used generously.
Sagging becomes your dreaded adjective. Rejuvenating treatments can be considered but your regimen must include not only retinols and peptides but also amino acids. Moisturize moisturize moisturize! And simply using petroleum jelly is the cheapest way to lock in the moisture. In fact, petroleum jelly can be used at night to moisturize at any age.
Added to all these- live, laugh and love. At any age, these are the ticket to naturally beautiful skin. Everything begins from within and the simpler we see and do things, the lesser complications to skin care.
Be fit and eat right this 2017
Food is a standout amongst the most alluring allurements known to man. We can't help it. In the wake of a dull days' worth of effort, food is what makes it all worthwhile aside from providing for your family, of course.
We can't state no to a delectably delicious feast particularly when our stomachs are snarling. Also, in the wake of eating that delicious supper, we are left feeling regretful because we are as of now overlooking our dietary confinements. Accordingly, massive amounts of individuals are being diagnosed with obesity.
When eating a free and sizeable supper, particularly when eating at fast food joints, it is constantly best to accomplish something to balance the quick accumulation of fat and excess calories that our body admissions. All these undesirable excess nutrients will in the end prompt to future medical issues and challenges, so it's best to make a move now while you can.
Presently I realise that heading off to the gym can be very tiring. What with all the planning you should do before going and all the traffic you must endure to get to the gym, you should feel that it's better not to go the gym by any means.
Luckily, there is some stuff you can do in the solaces of your home that can conceivably burn fats, calories, and weight. Here are some of them:
- Eat food that empowers metabolism
Who said that being fit and healthy is just too confusing and boring? There are bunches of extraordinary tasty food out there that are delicious and can help metabolism and decrease weight. For instance:
• Whole unrefined food is an arrangement harder to break down than prepared foods, so your body will work more with a specific end goal to process them. Therefore, your metabolism will boost, and your calories will be at last reduction.
• Eating yoghurt can help you thin down. Since it is very rich in calcium, your body will be less inclined to store calories as fat.
• Drinking espresso helps you wake up and, in actuality, it likewise helps your body's metabolism to boost. Some espresso can support metabolism by up to 15 percent.
- Have a gym at home
It is irrefutable that working out is the best answer for losing weight. Being fit can give you loads of advantages. Be that as it may, on the off chance that you discover it a bother to go out to the gym, why not build one at home? You can consume your empty loft for example and convert it to your one of a kind gym, using companies such as www.Claphamloftconversions.co.uk, that way you won't be tired and lazy working out. Home gyms are becoming a thing these days.
- Don't skip breakfast
Better believe it I know it sounds somewhat of an oddity however by having breakfast; you're helping your body to expand metabolism prior. That implies your body will metabolise throughout the day. Individuals who have breakfast have a tendency to get fewer calories for the day, while people who skip breakfast eat more than they ought to make up for the missed breakfast.
Now you can begin getting fit while never going outside for a workout. I trust this guide can help you get on the journey of healthy living.
Physical fitness tips 2017
2016 is about to wave goodbye. I bet you already have your new year's resolution set. If your goal is to be physically fit and healthy this 2017, then you are on the right page. In this article, we will give you tips and advice in starting your journey to a more fit and healthy you.
We will show you the appropriate and best gym equipment that you can use. In that way, it will help you decide what and what not to buy to avoid costly mistakes.
Having your own gym at home
Building and creating a home gym can be challenging at first but once you get everything done, you will see all the benefits you can gain in investing in this project. I tell you, you will never regret having your gym at home.
Here are the advantages you can get in a home gym:
- It will help you save money by not paying expensive membership fees.
- You will avoid wasting time in travelling.
- You own the place so that only means that you can exercise whenever you want 24/7.
- No more paying for all equipment and just end up sharing everything to other gym members
- It will make you more focused and motivated
- You can choose the best interior design that you like
Now I think that will be enough to convince you. I tell you it's not only for celebrities; everyone is capable of having their home gym for as long as you have an extra space like a loft. Professionals like Chiswick Loft Specialists will make it easier for you when it comes to planning, building and decorating your first ever home gym this 2017.
For you to get familiarised will all the necessary home gym equipment, I will show you the three classes of gym tools that you will need to start your journey.
- Compound lifts
If your goal is to build strength and fitness, this is what you need. What you need to know about power racks is that it is for everyone. You don't need to buy the most expensive power racks in town, just make sure that it is of good quality and strong enough to withstand the weights to avoid injuries.
Benches, squats, deadlifts and overhead presses are also sure ways to get stronger and bigger muscles.
- Cardio exercise
This exercise is very important if you want to keep healthy while staying fit. Studies have shown nowadays that if you get enough cardio exercise in a day, you will be more focused on things like work and can last a day without getting so tired throughout the day. Here is a useful tip for you; rowing machine is the best equipment for cardio exercise than treadmills.
- Free weights
If you think you can't afford to buy power racks or rowing machine at this time, you can go for free weights like barbells and dumbbells to help you get started. These tools are also perfect if you don't have a big space for huge equipment.
Yes, being physically fit isn't an easy job. But if you have the strong will to achieve your body goals this 2017, you will surely survive.
3 easy ways to lose body fat
Are you sick of trying out a lot of ways to burn your body fats? Are you tired of always finding time to go to the gym and not seeing any changes? If the answer is yes, then you are on the right page. In this article, we will show you simple and easy ways to help you stay fit and healthy. And we know that is what you need.
Staying fit and healthy is a difficult thing for most of us. When you are busy with work or school, finding time to focus on exercising or even dieting is very hard. As for stay at home parents, there are also a lot of challenges that you will go through when you have kids around.
Most adults can no longer prioritise going to the gym with all the responsibilities we have in our daily lives. Whenever we have vacant or rest days, we prefer to just relax and sleep than travelling all the way to the gym.
So having your own gym in your home can be a great help towards your goal of losing body fat. Loft conversion in Wimbledon offers several gym designs for your loft.
What you need to know is there are a lot of simple and easy ways for you to help lose your body fats aside from hitting the gym.
One bad effect of being always tired and stressed is you tend to eat more, resulting in more body fats and calories that you need to burn.
Another thing is not all ways works for everyone. So somehow everything will be trial and error. You just have to take it easy; never make drastic changes in your lifestyle because you will just end up failing and going back to your old habits. You will really need patience and determination to make everything work out.
The purpose of this article is to make exercising and dieting easier for you to handle. Here we will show you how:
- Avoid diet and exercise programs
When you enter into a program, you will be given rules that you need to follow but when it ends, you tend to go back to your usual lifestyle.
The key is changing your eating and exercise habits slowly and make sure that you can live with it frequently.
Don't let yourself starve for calories, as you will end up eating more instead. You just need to make your body get used to it first and eventually it will be easier for you.
- Increase water intake
Water has no calories but it takes calories to digest it making your system more active and clean so it keeps your metabolism moving.
Another good thing when you drink plenty of water is it makes you feel full thus it makes you eat less.
3. Eating a hearty breakfast
Sleeping the whole time at night can starve you thus you need to take in nutrients in the morning before anything else.
When you won't eat a balanced breakfast, it can bring bad effects on your diet and workout making you hungrier for lunch and too tired to move around during the day.
It is not all that hard to lose fat; you just need to have the proper determination so your efforts will be effective.
Skin Care Beauty Tips
- Protect your skin from the sun
Protecting your skin from the harsh rays of the sun is the most important thing in skin care. It is the best natural skin care that you can do. Too much exposure of sun can cause your skin with problems such as wrinkles, age spots and others. You are also in great risk of skin cancer.
Here are ways in which you could protect yourself from the sun:
Use Sunscreen. Apply sunscreen every 2 hours and use the one with an SPF of at least 15.
Seek Shade. The sun's rays are strongest between 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Do avoid going outside in these times.
Wear Protective Clothing. When going outside and will be long exposed to sun, you should be wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants and wear hats.
- Don't smoke
Smoking is dangerous to your health as well as dangerous to your skin. Smoking depletes the skin of oxygen and nutrients that are important to skin health. It can make your skin look older and contributes to wrinkles.
- Treat your skin gently
By treating your skin gently, there are things that you should avoid and limit doing.
Limit Bath Time. Long and hot showers remove oils from your skin.
Avoid Strong Soaps. Strong soaps and cleansers can strip oil from your skin. Choose only the mild ones.
Shave Carefully. Shave in the direction the hair grows, not against it. Apply shaving cream, lotion or gel before shaving to protect and lubricate your skin.
Pat Dry. After washing or bathing, gently pat or blot your skin dry with a towel so that some moisture remains on your skin.
Moisturize Dry Skin. Moisturize your skin with the use of moisturizer that is fit for your skin type preferably the one that contains SPF.
- Eat a healthy diet
Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grain and lean proteins. With this healthy diet, it is a sure way that can help your skin look healthier.
- Manage Stress
Stress is a common skin problem trigger. It can cause acne breakouts and other skin problems. It is encouraged that you should have a healthy state of mind, manage your stress.
BONUS Skin Care Tips:
- Use cucumbers for skin moisture
- 4-2-4 cleansing rule
For four minutes, cleans your face using an oil cleanser, while massaging. After rinsing, apply and massage with regular facial soap for two minutes. Lastly, rinse your face for four minutes using water, letting it air dry. Don't use a towel.
For a natural skin care, water is the most important element in skin hydration. It keeps your skin healthy, moisturized and hydrated.
- Use the four key skincare components: a facial mist, moisturizer, mask, and sunscreen.
- Drink cabbage juice (yes, like, liquid lettuce) to keep skin glowing.
Why Hats, Blinds, and Long Sleeve Shirts Are a Necessity – And How The Sun Can Ruin Your Skin
The sun is considered to be a symbol of happiness and fun. Well, it is so because of the radiance that it brings, more so after a season of snow or rain that is lacking with warmth. There is a brightness that is just coupled with energy and vibrancy.
When we let reality speak though, the sun is a dangerous element, albeit very much needed as well. It gives us Vitamin D that helps us fight bad bacteria and helps build our immune system. These reasons by themselves prove that having some ultraviolet ray exposure will not hurt us.
But as what is popularly said (and sung), "Too much of something is bad enough." And of course, the sun is no exception to the rule. Especially that summer may be around the corner wherever you are, for sure you are hyped up to go don your bikinis and trunks and set off for the beach with your family and friends.
We are here to offer up some advice, more so regarding your skin and its condition.
Now, it is common knowledge that the skin is the largest organ of the body. And it composing most of our anatomy, it is one that will be most affected if we do not give it enough care and attention. When you are out under the sun too much, especially at peak times like during noon, it can be very hazardous for you. An immediate reaction and result would be sunburn. It is most likely that you have experienced this yourself, even while just swimming a bit in the pool on your yard. Other effects include the skin's drying, wrinkling and discoloration. The worst case scenario would be, what else, skin cancer. It is a common but serious cancer type that must be avoided.
That is why extra protection must be practiced. Supposing you are to head out on a normal, sunny day, you should never fail, even if it is to go out of your way, to use an umbrella or a hat, at least. If the temperature is not too much to handle, wearing long sleeve shirts can be an option as well. There are thin ones anyway, so they do not really bring inconvenience.
For your home or any other structure, it is important to take note of the windows too. They are openings that can let in sunlight easily and directly, more so without any coverings. Panes are mostly made of transparent glass and so, you need to cover them up to block any unwanted brightness to enter inside.
Installing blackout perfect fit blinds is definitely a wise choice because it is very convenient. You are able to control it according to your preferences. Say, you can open it up to enjoy some radiance but when the sun becomes unbearable, you can close it and go on with your day. Plus, these blinds provide privacy and safety to you and your family who is occupying the living space.
Always remind yourself: don't let sun ruin your skin and health.
How Sunlight (UV Rays) Can Damage Your Skin
Being under the sun can greatly benefit you because primarily, its rays can help produce Vitamin D, which can aid in forming strong bones and can prevent serious diseases. And even some sunshine especially during the summer lifts up your mood, right?
Nevertheless, just like everything else, too much of something will kill you. Exposure to the sun and its ultraviolet rays can do more harm when it is too much. Excessive UV radiation can lead to skin cancers like melanoma, which is the deadliest type. Because of the penetration of both UVA and UVB rays into the skin, you become more prone to wrinkling and skin aging even if you are still young.
Several fair skinned people have this fetish for tan skin and so, they head over to their local beach or even their own backyard and lie down under the sun for hours. Some even set out to tanning salons. Little do these folks know that they are doing bad practices that damage their skin's DNA. Again, these ways are harmful and they can result in skin cancers.
You may have experienced sunburn, skin reddening, and dry skin for once in your life and it did not look and feel nice, right? So, that brings us to delve into preventions and solutions to these occurrences.
Keep in mind that overexposure will not help at all. The best you can do is to be under the sun for about 10 to 15 minutes max. That is plenty as it is. When you are outdoors between 10 in the morning and 4 in the afternoon, always try to seek shade. Better yet, bring and use protective gear like an umbrella, a cap or a pair of sunglasses. There are sun-protective clothes that have ultraviolet protection factor or UPF that you can wear as well. Furthermore, dark and tightly woven clothing are better in absorbing UV light than light and cotton ones. And a popular remedy is the application of sunscreen. Sun protection factor or SPF from 15 onwards is recommended.
In your own home, you can counter the sun's effects too. It is typical to have windows made of glass and the deadly rays can still penetrate and pass through them. You should use perfect fit blinds. You can control the entry of sunlight and even light from outside sources with it. Room temperature can be regulated as well. With blinds, you can protect you and your family from outsiders and you will have more privacy.
Even if the sun seems to be covered by clouds, do not be fooled. The sunlight can still infiltrate the clouds and can do damage to you and your skin. During winter months, it still pays to practice preventive measures because the combination of snow, wind and sun can be ruthless.
The main thing is, the sunshine can be destructive so always be alert and attentive. If you can stay indoors or in the shade, then that is better. Bear in mind that prevention is better than cure.
When to Consult for Weight Loss
Have you heard of the famous actors and actresses who suddenly died of a condition brought about by their desire to lose weight? Karen Carpenter is one of the famous singers who died of the complications brought about by anorexia nervosa – a condition where weight loss is not a recommended program. The strong desire of an individual to lose weight along with the idea that one still look fat is a dangerous combination. When you have tried almost everything just to lose weight, and nothing seems to fit, what to do next? Do you just give up and let those additional pounds pile up or do you look for another solution?
Weight loss is an issue not just for the weight-conscious individual but for the individual who is gaining weight dangerously for his condition. Losing weight has many benefits. However, not because a certain weight loss program had been very successful with your colleague does not mean it would apply to you. There are a couple of factors that needs to be taken into consideration when you enroll yourself in a weight loss program.
Losing weight varies from person to person. Some lose weight faster and easier, while others burn fat slower. A treadmill exercise may be effective for one, but may be hazardous to another. These are few of the many reasons why there are weight loss doctors, consultants and specialists as well as weight loss centers. This is to ensure that everyone is losing weight the healthy and safe way. Are you losing weight the safe way? Have you consulted a weight control specialist?
Below are the reasons when you should consult a doctor when you want to lose weight:
Pre-existing illness. You might have a pre-existing hormonal condition that interferes with the rate of your metabolism, which in turn affects the rate of your weight loss. A person who has problems with the thyroid should not try to lose weight without medical supervision – the effects could be life-threatening. In addition, there are individuals who seem to be healthy at first, have no manifestations of health problems, only to show signs and symptoms of their illness when they started exercising vigorously. This is one major reason why people who really want to lose weight should consult their doctor or weight loss specialist.
Over-all state of your health. There are many changes that come with losing weight – some desirable and some not. Though your main goal is to lose weight, there are a couple of things that you should also consider in losing weight like the beating of the heart, effects of losing weight on your gynecological conditions as well as its effects on your muscles and tissues. If you don't consult a doctor, you may ensue an exercise that is not appropriate for your body. For instance, you do not feel difficulty of before but when you started jogging, you experience shortness of breath to difficulty of breathing. This is an issue that should be addressed prior to any exercise program you enter.
Appropriate People who can Safely advise what you Need. The physician or dietitian is the best person who can really say that you need to lose weight or not. Some individuals are too conscious of their figure to the point of thinking (in an exaggerated manner) they are overweight – like the condition called anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is psychological condition that needs counseling and not a weight loss program.
Body Mass Index. Using Body Mass Index (BMI), the doctor can help you understand when your weight is classified as obese, overweight or slightly overweight, and hence prescribe you with the best method for losing weight. To compute for your BMI, measure your weight in pounds and your height in inches squared. Divide your weight by your height then multiple by 703 as the conversion factor. A tabulation table is consulted and from that table you can see if your weight is within the ideal range or not.
Safe and Expert Advice. A physician or medical doctor can provide you with the most beneficial way to lose weight without endangering your life. He is more capable to prescribe you with the most beneficial weight and diet supplements after taking careful consideration of your medical history and body weight.
Losing weight is not something that you should decide immediately. It should not also be based on what a colleague recommends. It has many effects and these effects include risk for your health which may in turn affect your career, family and work life. Your over-all health should be taken into consideration to make it as successful and safe as possible.
How to Lose Belly Fat Quickly
Losing belly flat is the no. 1 reason why most of us undergo weight loss. With our exhaustion to lose weight, most of us tend to do weight loss programs, use weight loss pills and do extensive fast weight loss plans. Aside from these things, you can opt to a healthier and natural weight loss. Natural method is the best way to lose abdominal weight.
1. Sleep
Whenever your biorhythms are off, you tend to eat more. When you're tired you produce more ghrelin, which triggers cravings for sugar and other fat-building foods. Losing sleep can also alter your hormone production, affecting your cortisol levels that cause insulin sensitivity, prime reasons for belly fat. Getting 7 hours of sleep is good for your health as well as it do well in avoiding belly fat.
2. Short Burst of Exercise
Even if you are doing a lot of crunches, your fat will still stay there. It will only strengthen your abdominal muscles. Instead of doing crunches, do an exercise that would engage multiple muscle groups and work your cardiovascular system. Get at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise at least 5 days a week – the best way to lose weight.
3. Sugar is Your Enemy
Sugar greatly cause belly flat. Reduce eating sugar by eating foods that contains protein, vegetables, whole grains, and replacing bad habit snacks with good ones. Getting enough fiber can also help. After all, fighting belly fat is 80% healthy diet.
4. Vitamin C
You secret more cortisol hormone when you're under stress. Take Vitamins C like oranges, bell peppers, and kale or kiwi fruits. These will also help when you're going through an emotional crisis, stress from work or a bad eating.
5. Eat Fat
To battle fat is to eat fat. You got that right. Not all fat foods can make you fat, rather certain fat foods can help you battle fats.
6. Slowing Down Your Breath
Everyone has stress. How you handle it matters. If ever you feel tense, slow down your breathing. You can also do some relaxing time with your friends and family, as well as meditating and exercising. Clear your mind and self from what is bothering you.


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Signage & Car Stops
We create and implement speed bumps and car stops—devices that help create a safe parking lot and roadway.
Clear, attractive signage is a critical component of an efficient, compliant parking lot and roadway. Pavement Solutions creates and installs the signs you need. Our signs are of high quality and meet or exceed industry standards.
Traffic Control Signs
Traffic control signs direct people safely around the parking area and to your building(s). Examples include signs for stop and yield, directional arrows, speed limits, loading-zones, pickup areas, crosswalks, parking rules and more.
ADA Handicap Signs
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) has requirements for handicap parking areas for public establishments. There are size and placement requirements for handicap stalls that must be met. Pavement Solutions is experienced with these requirements, as well as those of other states and municipalities, and ensures compliance with them. We have provided handicap spaces for well-known fast food restaurants, large corporations, and small businesses for more than 30 years.
Speed Bumps
Typically made in asphalt or recycled rubber for a sound structure, speed bumps help control traffic speed in parking lots and roads. This technique also provides pedestrian protection, especially near walkways crossing over a road or parking lot. Pavement Solutions can make and install speed bumps of any custom size your project may require. We advise as to the best placement and design of the speed bumps for your property.
Car Stops
Rabine Group offers car stops and truck stops in concrete, rubber and other materials. This device keeps cars from rolling into other cars, from running into the sidewalk of a property, and from rolling off the edge of a parking lot. Car stops also protect landscaping from winter maintenance.


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Track & Field
Sun Angel Classic
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Getting To Know Rai Benjamin
Junior All-American hurdler Rai Benjamin is in his first season as a track athlete at USC after transferring from UCLA. Last season, Benjamin took second in the NCAA 400m hurdles final running a PR of 48.33, which was just .01 second behind the winner. Benjamin's time matches USC's school record, set by Olympic gold medalist Felix Sanchez in 2000. He also won the 2017 Pac-12 400m hurdles title. Being that it is Rivalry Week, it seemed fitting that we caught up with Benjamin now.
Getting To Know Ky Westbrook
Redshirt junior Ky Westbrook is preparing for her third season as sprinter for the USC track and field program. She is a three-time outdoor All-American, last year placing eighth in the 100m dash finals. She ranks tied for sixth on USC's all-time 100m dash list and has run on three of USC's top 10 4x100m relays. Also as a freshman, she placed second in the 60m dash at the 2015 NCAA Indoor Championships. We caught up with the talented Trojan as she prepares for the 2018 indoor and outdoor seasons.
Getting To Know Dior Hall
Dior Hall is an indoor and outdoor All-American hurdler who holds the USC freshman and World Junior record of 12.74 [1.7+] in the 100m hurdles. She earned All-America honors in the 100m hurdles by placing seventh last season and third in the 2015 NCAA finals. Fully recovered from an ACL injury late in 2015, Hall is excited and has big plans for the upcoming season. Read on to find out more from Dior Hall.
Getting To Know Zach Shinnick
Zach Shinnick will begin his first season with USC Trojans track & field this upcoming season. Shinnick enters SC after an exciting summer. He became a member of the Junior USA team and broke the Junior World record for the 400m in the Pan American championship meet. Zach is thrilled to join the SC Trojans Track & Field team and cannot wait for the upcoming season. Read on to learn more about Zach Shinnick.
Getting To Know T.J. Brock
Sophomore sprinter T.J. Brock enters his second season with the USC track and field team after an impressive freshman debut. Brock placed fourth in the 100m at the 2017 Pac-12 Championships with a time of 10.37 (+2.2w). Later in the season at the 2017 NCAA Championships, Brock anchored USC's 4x100m relay, placing in 10th with the 10th-fastest time in school history of 39.05. Outside of the NCAA, Brock took home second place at the USA Junior Championships in the 100m with a time of 10.33 (-1.1) and won the 100m title at the Pan Am Games with a time of 10.45 (-0.4). Brock was also a track and field star in high school at Chaminade College Prep where he was a two-time state champion in the 100m dash. Read more about the sophomore sprinter and Trojan legacy below.
Getting to Know Breana Jemison
Redshirt senior Breana Jemison enters her first season as a thrower for the USC Trojans. Jemison recently transferred from UC Riverside where she was named a three-time Big West Track and Field Athlete of the Week. In 2016, she won the Big West Title and set the UC Riverside school record in the shot put with a PR of 56-11 (17.36m). She also earned second-team Indoor All-American honors at the NCAA Indoor Championships in the shot put with a mark of 51-11.75 (15.84m). Check out the Q&A below to learn more about the senior transfer looking to make her mark as a Trojan.


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The safe zone shelled during the night has now renewed its normal functioning. People can now have food there and warm up. Apart from that, our units situated in the other regions organised the supply of the humanitarian aid for the town of Avdiyivka.feedback
Feb 03 2017 Ukraine Crisis
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text: Donate / Colleges Regent's Park College Regent's is one of the 44 Colleges and Halls of the University of Oxford, and is located in the centre of the city. Founded in 1810, Regent's Park is one of the smallest academic communities in the University, which enables the college to provide exceptional pastoral care to all of its students. Our mission is to create an exceptional community of learning and research made up of individuals from a broad range of backgrounds and life experiences. Everyone at Regent's is focused on achieving excellence in undergraduate and graduate studies, ministerial formation and academic research. Regent's Park College is proud of its unique place in Oxford's collegiate system. Regent's concentrates on teaching and research in the humanities and social sciences which means that they contribute heavily to Oxford's worldwide reputation for excellence in these areas. Regent's Park College Jubilee 60 Campaign In 2017, Regent's Park is celebrating its sixtieth anniversary as a Permanent Private Hall of the University of Oxford; this Jubilee campaign is focusing on improving the student experience and continuing to build an endowment to secure its future. The Pamela Sue Anderson Studentship for the Encouragement of the Place of Women in Philosophy Professor Anderson (1955-2017) was an acclaimed Feminist Philosopher of Religion; donations in her memory will fund the creation of a new studentship to support postgraduate students who champion the place of women in Philosophy. Regent's Park College Chapel Renovation Fund Donations to this campaign will help Regent's Park to realise the creation of a new cycle of stained glass windows by the acclaimed artist, Nicholas Mynheer, whose designs will weave together themes from the Christian story and the College's history.


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Exam Name: IBM Application Infrastructure Sales Mastery Test v1
Exam Code: M2180-747
Exam Update: 16-04-17
Vendor: IBM
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text:
Our new Rosický
If true i dont know whos fault this is, maybe he was up on his feet doing stuff too quick or the operation wasnt done at its best but what a shit situation
An yet we extend his contract for another year same as with BFG ,pissing away money left right and centre but wont pay up to keep sanchez !
Ankle injuries are the scourge of Arsenal Football Club. Oh and knee injuries. and Achilles injuries.
Season over. We already knew it . Need to replace him this summer.
Its more the fact it was totally avoidable tbh, unless he isnt healing properly, either he tried to get back to early but there shouldn't be any real reason unless he rushed back or something that his surgery scars reopened.
I like how its either 'ffs wenger rushing players' or 'ffs wenger just play him'.
I didnt say Wenger, i just said he maybe tried too much too quick or he isnt healing right or the op wasnt quite right but he shouldnt have reopened really if he had healed properly or didnt rush things.
Wenger should have also bought a proper cover, knowing Santi wouldn't have lasted for the whole season.
granit xhaka? seems fairly obvious tbh.
I don't think they are the same type of player
Achiles aren't that simple, once you have the scar tissue it isn't going to go away, it's liable to go at any time. Trust me I have the same injury.
There isn't a same type of player as Cazorla around who we can realistically. Xhaka was probably the nearest to that we could get.
Theres no creative player been around the league for the last 2 years that could have replaced him ? Of course there have been but we didnt because we had wilshere ramsey rosicky flamini and arteta on the payroll until this year costing us close to 400 k a week .Its feast or famine in Wengerland ! He wont even try to replace him as ramsey will be there and jack will be back and will get game time untill he gets another long injury .
IMO there is categorically not a single player in the PL who can replace Cazorla, at least not in the sense that they could do exactly what he does for us.
I'm not the most knowledgeable football fan but I don't think there are many players in Europe who can do what he does for us, let alone within our league.
Basically I don't think we can like for like replace Cazorla. I think whoever we bring in to replace him will necessitate a change of system, there is no like for like replacement within our reach (if at all).
So you're suggesting we have a smaller squad and play kids when injuries inevitable pile up?
Who could we have realistically got that's in the Cazorla bracket? The only obvious one in the last 3 seasons is Fabregas and his legs are shot but I think we should of got him anyway.
Xhaka could play with Cazorla, but not replace him.
How about Verratti? I'm sure he wouldn't cost much
I also read an article where they suggested Joe Allen as a Santi replacement...
Not according to Arsène
Was it in the Daily Mail?
Bloody hope not as that would mean I had read the Daily Mail. Shiver.


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I have a friend who is a registered nurse. I was a bit surprised to learn that she actually pursued the course because she was and still is afflicted with a heart ailment and asthma. I have seen her bouts with asthma and those were horrible. I felt so sad and sorry for her then.
So, I was really happy and surprised that she actually became a nurse. Albeit, she is a non-practicing professional who does not wear a nurse uniform as often as she would love.
I told her she can either continue her nursing degree by being a professor or a private nurse on call. At least that way, she can still practice what she learned from nursing school.


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|8 Apr 2008
|Filing date
|14 Jan 2004
|Priority date
|14 Jan 2004
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Samer Kabbani, Rick Beyerle, Don Bachelder
|Original Assignee
|Delta Design, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (15), Referenced by (10), Classifications (6), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates generally to a temperature control system that controls the temperature of an electronic device during testing. More particularly, the present invention relates to a temperature control system that includes a miniature liquid-cooled heat sink, and active heater control, and a fluid control system for maintaining constant spatial and temporal operating temperature of the electronic device under test.
Electronic devices, such as integrated circuit chips, are usually tested prior to use. Device manufacturers typically perform a number of electrical and physical tests to ensure that the devices are free from defects and that the devices function according to their specifications. Common types of device testing include burn-in testing and electrical performance testing.
The operating temperature of an electronic device under test ("DUT") is an important test parameter that usually requires careful monitoring and/or regulating. For example, an electrical test procedure may designate a number of specific test temperatures or a specific range of test temperatures. Consequently, the prior art is replete with different types of temperature control systems, heat sink components, and heater elements designed to heat, cool, and otherwise control the operating temperature of a DUT. These temperature control systems are designed to maintain a steady state DUT operating temperature during the electronic testing procedure.
Existing heat exchangers are constructed of multiple materials, often brazed or soldered together. Although intended to produce uniform temperature control across the control surface, heat sinks with bonded layers frequently contain interstitial voids and other material discontinuities that decrease the heat removal capacity of the assemblies and decrease their uniformity. A one-directional flow through the heat sink also causes a temperature non-uniformity (rise) as the fluid transfers heat as it passes along the heater. A high thermal mass, such as is found in thick-walled heat exchangers, causes the device to respond slowly in a rapidly changing test environment.
Existing active control systems, however, rely on constant temperature, constant flow rate coolants to remove heat, which can limit the rate of temperature response and continuously draw high amounts of power.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is realized as a temperature control system that includes a miniature liquid-cooled heat sink with an integrated, non-uniform heating element. The device may be used as part of a temperature control system to provide a controlled temperature surface to an electronic DUT, such as a semiconductor device, during the testing phase.
The miniature liquid-cooled heat sink device has a low thermal mass (heat capacity) structure and integral heating and sensing elements. The structure has a plurality of first fluid flow channels and a plurality of second fluid flow channels. Each of the flow channels is connected to a fluid entry portion and a fluid exit portion. The first fluid entry portion and the first fluid exit portion are on one side of the monolithic structure, and the second fluid entry portion and the second fluid exit portion are on an opposite side of the monolithic structure. The device also includes a cover covering the plurality of first flow channels and second flow channels and one or more caps covering the first fluid entry portion and the first fluid exit portion. The entry and exit portions are connected by straight or three-dimensional microchannels laid out so as to counteract temperature rise due to a single-direction flow. The heating and sensing elements are preferably embedded directly in the control surface, or they may be located in adjacent parallel layers or upstream (heaters) or downstream (sensors) from the control surface. The low thermal mass (heat capacity) device responds rapidly to input changes because input energy is converted to temperature rise rather than stored heat.
The active temperature control system manipulates a valve or other suitable flow control mechanism or system to vary the coolant flow rate to the individual units under test. The control system also manipulates heaters in the devices. These manipulations vary the DUT temperature to adjust for various test points and test power fluctuations. The system can rapidly vary the heater power to "trim" rapid fluctuations encountered during testing that are not corrected by changing the fluid conditions alone.
In other embodiments, the temperature control system includes a plurality of heaters, sensors and/or flow control valves.
A more complete understanding of the present invention may be derived by referring to the detailed description and claims when considered in conjunction with the following Figures, wherein like reference numbers refer to similar elements throughout the Figures.
Testing interface 16 provides an electrical and physical coupling between DUT 12 and test equipment 18. Test equipment 18 is suitably configured to test the functional characteristics of DUT 12. In this regard, test equipment 18 can provide one or more power signals to DUT 12 and one or more I/O signals to/from DUT 12. Test equipment 18 can test and record any number of functional characteristics depending upon the type of DUT 12. For example, test equipment 18 may test one or more of the following characteristics: output power; frequency response; clock speed; logical function; opens; shorts; and the like. Active temperature control device 14 includes a thermal transfer surface 20 that is configured to establish a thermal path to and from DUT 12. Active temperature control device 14 functions to regulate the temperature of DUT 12 during the testing procedure, to condition the temperature of DUT 12 before the testing procedure, and/or to condition the temperature of DUT 12 after the testing procedure.
The DUTs are preferably held against or in close proximity to a respective temperature control device (identified by reference numbers 48, 50, and 52), each of which is configured to concurrently provide a hot source and a cold source to the respective DUT. The hot source may be a heater element or other suitably configured coolant control system or apparatus. In the preferred embodiment, a portion of the DUT, such as the device lid, contacts the respective temperature control device. In a practical embodiment, each temperature control device is coupled to a chuck assembly (not shown) and the DUTs are cradled in a compatible carrier interface (not shown). The chuck assembly and carrier are clamped together during thermal conditioning, testing, and cool-down of the DUTs. In response to such clamping, the DUTs are forced into physical contact with the temperature control devices. Such clamping ensures that heat is effectively transferred between the DUTs and the respective temperature control devices. Alternatively, the DUTs may be held against the temperature control devices using a vacuum device or any suitable holding mechanism.
The temperatures of the temperature control devices 48/50/52 (in particular, the temperature of the heater elements and/or the coolant flow rates) are regulated by a suitably configured regulator, e.g., a control system 54. In the illustrated embodiment, control system 54 generates heater control signals 56/58/60 that serve as input signals to the respective heater elements contained in the various temperature control devices. The heater control signals may be generated by control system 54 in response to one or more testing criteria, operating conditions, or feedback signals. For example, control system 54 may generate the heater control signals in response to any of the following parameters: test temperature settings associated with the current testing specification for the DUTs; input signals utilized by the DUTs, e.g., an input power signal, an input voltage, or an input current; signals indicative of the real-time operating temperature of the DUTs; signals indicative of the real-time operating temperature of an internal component of the DUTs; signals indicative of the real-time temperature of a portion of the temperature control devices; the RF signature of the DUTs; or the like.
Control system 54 may also receive one or more signals 62/64/66 indicative of the input power to the respective DUTs 42/44/46 and/or one or more signals 68/70/72 indicative of the real-time operating temperature of a portion of the respective DUTs 42/44/46 (such as the lids of the DUTs or dies contained in the DUTs); these signals can be processed by control system 54 according to a temperature control algorithm to generate the individual heater control signals. For example, a simple algorithm may adjust the heater control signals in response to the measured temperature of the respective DUTs such that the operating temperature of the DUTs is maintained at a specific temperature. Alternatively, the control algorithm may generate heater control signals in response to the input power of the DUTs.
A practical ATC system 40 can be designed to accommodate test temperatures between −55 and 155 degrees Celsius. However, most electronic devices are typically tested at temperatures between −45 and 120 degrees Celsius (these example temperature ranges may change in the future and the present invention is not limited to any specific range of test temperatures). In addition, electronic device test specifications do not usually call for temperature transients, i.e., most electronic testing is performed at a substantially steady state operating temperature. In this respect, ATC system 40 may also include a suitable regulator, e.g., a coolant system 74, that cooperates with the temperature control devices to individually regulate the temperature of the cold source (e.g., a heat sink element). Coolant system 74 regulates the temperature of the coolant, regulates individual flow rates of the coolant for each temperature control device, pumps the coolant into the respective temperature control devices, and receives the return coolant from the temperature control devices (the coolant flow paths are identified by the thick arrows in
ATC system 40 may employ any coolant having the desired thermal properties. For example, ATC system 40 may use water, air, a refrigerant, or any fluid substance. The preferred embodiment utilizes HFE as the coolant, the flow rate can vary between approximately 0.2 to 4.0 gallons per minute, and coolant system 74 maintains the temperature of the water at a temperature below (usually substantially below) the coldest test temperature associated with the particular test specification. Coolant system 74 can also regulate the flow rate to accommodate large temperature changes (which may be required to accommodate single-insertion multiple-temperature testing of a single device).
In operation, ATC system 40 may thermally condition the DUTs by gradually increasing the temperature of a DUT until it reaches the specified operating temperature. Thereafter, the conditioned DUT is then subjected to the functional testing as required by the test specification. ATC system 40 monitors the temperature of each DUT during the functional test and regulates the temperature of the heating element associated with the respective temperature control device. Under most circumstances, coolant system 74 will maintain a steady state coolant temperature and flow rate during the testing cycle, which contributes to the regulation of the operating temperature of the DUT.
The ATC system 40 may employ a coolant flow control system 76. In the example embodiment depicted in
Coolant flow control system 76 preferably regulates the individual flow of coolant through each of the fluid-cooled heat sinks in the ATC system 40. In this manner, coolant flow control system 76 can adjust the flow rate of the coolant to vary the temperature of the DUTs for testing under different conditions, to achieve a specified test temperature for the DUTs before testing, and/or to achieve an ambient temperature for the DUTs after testing.
The active temperature control device is designed to provide a controlled temperature surface to an electronic device, such as a semiconductor device, during the testing phase (and during soak and de-soak phases). The semiconductor device is placed either directly in contact with the temperature control device or uses an interface material or area-adapting heat spreader, such as a metal plate, while in use. The temperature control device described herein employs a fluid counter-flow configuration that prevents or reduces a temperature rise on the heat sink surface as the coolant flows beneath it. The temperature control device includes a miniature liquid-cooled heat sink with monolithic structure. The monolithic design is one piece and increases the thermal conductivity by eliminating brazing joints due to differential thermal expansion. The monolithic design also reduces the overall thermal mass, which reduces the correction time in response to a change in test signal, and which ensures that fluid flowing through the fluid channels will effectively and repeatedly remove heat from the system. The temperature control device further includes a heating element and may also include sensing elements. In use, the heating element heats the device to a desired set temperature, while the coolant flowing through the fluid-cooled heat sink removes excess heat from the device and heater. In the example embodiment, which has electronic heating and individualized flow rate control, the low thermal mass device allows very rapid corrections to deviations from the set point temperature.
The temperature control device 100 includes a miniature liquid-cooled heat sink with monolithic structure 104, a cover 106, caps 108, and a heater 110. The temperature control device 100 is designed to provide a controlled temperature at an interface surface or first side 112 that provides a thermal transfer path from the temperature control device 100 to the DUT 102. The DUT 102 is preferably held against or in close proximity to an interface surface 112 of the temperature control device 100. The DUT 102 is placed either directly in contact with the interface surface 112, or with an interface material or area-adapting heat spreader, such as a metal plate, while in use. To regulate the temperature at the interface surface 112, the heater 110 is turned on to provide heat and a fluid is directed through cooling passages, described below, to provide cooling. The subsequent figures and text will describe the cooling passages and heater and their locations.
To cool the temperature control device 100, a fluid is passed through internal cooling passages. The fluid may be water, air, a refrigerant, or any fluid substance having the desired thermal properties.
The first cooling passage 114 starts at a first inlet 118, located in cover 106, opening to a passage 120 at a first end 152 of the monolithic structure 104. The passage 120 leads to a first fluid entry portion 122 on a first side 156, shown in
The second cooling passage 116 starts at the second inlet 136 in cover 106, opening to a second entry portion 138 at the second end 154 of the monolithic structure 104. The second entry portion 138 leads to a plurality of second flow channels 140, both on the second side 158. At the other end of the plurality of second flow channels 140 is a second exit portion 142 on the second side 158 that leads to a second fluid outlet 144. All of the components listed for the second cooling passage 114 are in fluid communication with each other so that fluid may flow from the second inlet to the second outlet. In the figures shown, the monolithic structure 104 is designed such that the first fluid entry portion 122 and the first fluid exit portion 130 are on the first side 152 of the monolithic structure 104 and the second entry portion 138 and the second exit portion 142 are on a second side 154 of the monolithic structure 104. When the cover 106 is attached or joined to the monolithic structure 104, it seals the second side 158 so that fluid stays in the first fluid flow channel 126 and the second fluid flow channel 140 flow channel and enters and exits at their ends. When the caps 108 are attached or joined to the monolithic structure 104, they seal a portion of the first side 156 proximate the first fluid entry portion 122 and the first fluid exit portion 130 so that fluid flows in the cooling passage 114.
The flow channels are designed such that fluid enters near one end, travels through various openings or passages to a second end, where it exits the flow channels. As shown in
The heater 110 is used to apply heat and sense temperature. While the figures show the heater as a single layer, it may also be multiple layers. The heater 110 may be made of electrically resistive serpentine traces 146 on a substrate having an external connection 148 connected to a controller 150. The heater element 110 may also function as a resistance temperature detector ("RTD") or be adjacent to another trace that functions as an RTD. The substrate may be made from silicon, ceramic or other appropriate material. The resistive traces 146 may provide uniform heating or may be arranged to provide differential heating with differential control. The heater 110 is shown proximate the interface surface 112 between the caps 108 and first fluid entry portion 122 and the first fluid exit portion 130. In other configurations, the heater 110 may only cover a portion of the interface surface. In still other configurations, the caps 108 may incorporate or function as heaters.
Electrically conductive "ink" may be used to form the electrically resistive serpentine traces 146 on the substrate. In accordance with one practical embodiment, the conductive ink includes a nickel alloy having a relatively high electrical resistance. The substrate is patterned and the conductive ink is printed onto the surface of the substrate, which might then be joined to additional layers by stacking. Signal wires or leads 148 are soldered or otherwise attached to the respective traces to carry the control signals from the control system 150. The electrical heating elements traces are not exposed to the DUT.
The temperature control device 100 may be regulated by a suitably configured control system 150. Sensing elements (not shown) may be used to provide input to the control system to monitor the temperature of the temperature control device 100 and determine when it should be heated or cooled. The control system 150 generates a control signal that serves as an input signal to the heater and/or cooling system contained in temperature control device 100. The control signal may be generated by control system 150 in response to one or more testing criteria, operating conditions, or feedback signals. For example, control system 150 may generate a control signal in response to any of the following parameters: a test temperature setting associated with the current testing specification for DUT 102; an input signal utilized by DUT 102, e.g., an input power signal, an input voltage, or an input current; a signal indicative of the real-time operating temperature of DUT 102; a signal indicative of the real-time operating temperature of an internal component of DUT 102, e.g., a semiconductor die; a signal indicative of the real-time temperature of a portion of temperature control device 100; the RF signature of DUT 102; or the like.
A comparison of an electronic-only versus a fluid-electronic control hybrid is shown in
Of course, the size and shape of the controlled thermal interface surface 112 of the temperature control device 100 may be suitably configured to mate with the size and shape of the particular DUT 102. For example, to test a common microprocessor, the size of the device may be 1 inch wide by 2 inches long and 0.25 inches thick, whereas the heater 110 may be may be 1 inch square. Alternatively, a suitably configured mating element, formed from a thermal conductor, can be placed between temperature control device 100 and the DUT 102. A mating element may be desirable to accommodate the specific physical characteristics of the DUT or to concentrate heating or cooling in certain areas of the DUT.
As mentioned above, the liquid-cooled heat sink includes a number of flow channels that are configured and arranged to promote heat transfer to the fluid or coolant. The flow channels are also parallel to the fluid flow path. In accordance with a practical embodiment, each of the flow channels is approximately 0.01 inches thick. Furthermore, neighboring flow channels are separated by approximately 0.01 inches. Alternatively, the liquid-cooled heat sink may employ any suitable flow channel design and the particular design may depend on any number of parameters such as the thermal properties of the heat sink material, the thermal and physical properties of the coolant, the flow rate of the coolant, the size of flow channel, and the like.
The present invention has been described above with reference to a preferred embodiment. However, those skilled in the art having read this disclosure will recognize that changes and modifications may be made to the preferred embodiment without departing from the scope of the present invention. These and other changes or modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention, as expressed in the following claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|15 Jan 1991
|31 Mar 1992
|Massachusetts Institute Of Technology
|Microchannel heat sink with alternating flow directions
|16 Apr 1997
|30 Dec 1997
|Motorola, Inc.
|Method for manufacturing a stimulus wafer for use in a wafer-to-wafer testing system to test integrated circuits located on a product wafer
|4 Apr 1997
|13 Oct 1998
|Unisys Corporation
|Temperature control system for an electronic device which achieves a quick response by interposing a heater between the device and a heat sink
|28 May 1996
|2 Nov 1999
|Burward-Hoy; Trevor
|Method and apparatus for rapidly varying the operating temperature of a semiconductor device in a testing environment
|27 Oct 1998
|4 Jul 2000
|Tokyo Electron Limited
|Semiconductor wafer holder with spring-mounted temperature measurement apparatus disposed therein
|8 Jun 1999
|27 Nov 2001
|Micron Technology, Inc.
|Apparatus for controlling a temperature of a microelectronics substrate
|14 Jul 1999
|14 May 2002
|Delta Design, Inc.
|Apparatus, method and system of liquid-based, wide range, fast response temperature control of electronic device
|23 Oct 1996
|21 May 2002
|Aetrium, Inc.
|Flexibly suspended heat exchange head for a DUT
|21 Oct 1996
|5 Nov 2002
|Delta Design, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for temperature control of a device during testing
|14 Jul 1999
|3 Dec 2002
|Delta Design, Inc.
|Temperature control of electronic devices using power following feedback
|7 Feb 2002
|12 Aug 2003
|Cooligy Inc.
|Power conditioning module
|10 Apr 2001
|21 Oct 2003
|Delta Design, Inc.
|Temperature control device for an electronic component
|31 May 2001
|30 Dec 2003
|Kryotech, Inc.
|Apparatus and method for controlling the temperature of an electronic device under test
|3 Jan 2003
|20 Jul 2004
|Fujitsu Limited
|Semiconductor testing apparatus for conducting conduction tests
|21 Aug 2002
|1 Mar 2005
|Delta Design, Inc.
|Apparatus, method and system of liquid-based, wide range, fast response temperature control of electric devices
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|29 May 2006
|10 May 2011
|Panasonic Corporation
|Method and apparatus for wafer level burn-in
|27 Oct 2009
|12 Mar 2013
|Fujitsu Semiconductor Limited
|Testing device and testing method of semiconductor devices
|29 Oct 2008
|30 Sep 2014
|Advantest Corporation
|Thermal controller for electronic devices
|13 Sep 2013
|8 Dec 2015
|Samsung Eletronics Co., Ltd.
|Test handler that rapidly transforms temperature and method of testing semiconductor device using the same
|29 May 2006
|23 Apr 2009
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|Method and apparatus for wafer level burn-in
|18 May 2009
|17 Sep 2009
|Advantest Corporation
|Burn-in system with measurement block accomodated in cooling block
|27 Oct 2009
|18 Feb 2010
|Fujitsu Microelectronics Limited
|Testing device and testing method of semiconductor devices
|29 Oct 2008
|15 Jul 2010
|Advantest Corporation
|Thermal controller for electronic devices
|10 Nov 2014
|11 Jan 2017
|Rasco GmbH
|A carrier, assembly & method for handling components
|10 Nov 2014
|14 May 2015
|Delta Design Inc.
|Integrated testing and handling mechanism
|U.S. Classification
|324/750.08, 165/80.4
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|21 May 2004
Owner name: DELTA DESIGNS INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KABBANI, SAMER;BEYERLE, RICK;BACHELDER, DON;REEL/FRAME:014661/0768
Effective date: 20040106
|23 Sep 2011
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|21 Sep 2015
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


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Vanguard Group Inc. Boosts Position in SandRidge Energy, Inc. (SD)
Vanguard Group Inc. boosted its holdings in SandRidge Energy, Inc. (NYSE:SD) by 26.9% during the 2nd quarter, according to its most recent disclosure with the SEC. The firm owned 1,323,094 shares of the oil and natural gas company's stock after buying an additional 280,634 shares during the period. Vanguard Group Inc. owned approximately 3.70% of SandRidge Energy worth $22,770,000 at the end of the most recent reporting period.
Other hedge funds and other institutional investors have also bought and sold shares of the company. BNP Paribas Arbitrage SA purchased a new position in SandRidge Energy in the second quarter valued at approximately $119,000. Legal & General Group Plc purchased a new position in SandRidge Energy in the second quarter valued at approximately $152,000. California Public Employees Retirement System acquired a new stake in SandRidge Energy in the first quarter valued at approximately $209,000. UBS Asset Management Americas Inc. grew its position in SandRidge Energy by 28.0% in the second quarter. UBS Asset Management Americas Inc. now owns 14,645 shares of the oil and natural gas company's stock valued at $252,000 after acquiring an additional 3,200 shares in the last quarter. Finally, Ingalls & Snyder LLC grew its position in SandRidge Energy by 4.1% in the second quarter. Ingalls & Snyder LLC now owns 15,612 shares of the oil and natural gas company's stock valued at $269,000 after acquiring an additional 612 shares in the last quarter. Hedge funds and other institutional investors own 74.88% of the company's stock.
Several brokerages have issued reports on SD. Zacks Investment Research raised shares of SandRidge Energy from a "sell" rating to a "hold" rating in a research report on Friday, July 28th. ValuEngine downgraded shares of SandRidge Energy from a "buy" rating to a "hold" rating in a research report on Friday, September 8th.
Shares of SandRidge Energy, Inc. (NYSE SD) opened at $19.39 on Tuesday. The company has a debt-to-equity ratio of 0.04, a current ratio of 1.12 and a quick ratio of 1.12. SandRidge Energy, Inc. has a 1 year low of $15.03 and a 1 year high of $25.00. The stock has a market cap of $692.98 and a P/E ratio of 8.76.
SandRidge Energy (NYSE:SD) last issued its quarterly earnings data on Wednesday, November 1st. The oil and natural gas company reported $0.35 earnings per share (EPS) for the quarter, beating the Thomson Reuters' consensus estimate of $0.22 by $0.13. SandRidge Energy had a negative net margin of 73.96% and a positive return on equity of 9.09%. The company had revenue of $80.89 million during the quarter, compared to the consensus estimate of $77.60 million. equities research analysts forecast that SandRidge Energy, Inc. will post 1.11 EPS for the current fiscal year.
SandRidge Energy Profile
SandRidge Energy, Inc is an oil and natural gas company. The Company is engaged in the exploration, development and production of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids. It operates through two segments: exploration and production, which is engaged in the exploration and production of oil and natural gas properties and includes its proportionate share of the activities of the SandRidge Mississippian Trust I, SandRidge Mississippian Trust II and SandRidge Permian Trust (the Royalty Trusts), and midstream services, which coordinates the delivery of electricity to its exploration and production operations in the Mid-Continent.
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Sheriff John D'Agostini is asking for your help. Do you know the man in these photos? Have you seen someone that looks like this, riding on a real nice new bicycle?
During the early morning hours on Monday, May 20, a man broke into Town Center Bike and Tri in El Dorado Hills. After breaking in and browsing around the shop, the man chose to take a very nice, medium-size, black with white accents Trek, Speed Concept 7.5 bicycle with some very nice Zipp 808, black carbon fiber, aftermarket wheels. The combination is worth a total of approximately $7,000. Since surveillance cameras inside and outside the business provided some decent pictures of the suspect, the Sheriff's Office is hoping someone will recognize him and give us a call.
If you have information regarding this incident, or the suspect, contact El Dorado County Sheriff's Detective Troy Morton at (530) 642-4712. You can remain anonymous if you prefer.


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SteveSalles's Review of Fill the Void
by SteveSalles | 235 Ratings • 235 Reviews • 21 thanks
Published July 18, 2013
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This film is filled with ceremonial traditions and rites of the Jewish faith and family, which make it somewhat interesting. However, as far as a plot goes, it's fairly straightforward. Shira has a big decision to make, and she will take pretty much the entire 90 minutes trying to make it... See Full ReviewClick for more ratings and availability
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It's an alarming scenario: climate warnings aren't science fiction, they are a fact. Greenhouse emissions are increasing, as are record temperatures, while the likelihood of containing warming below 2°C is increasingly slender. It's a race against time in which we'll be gambling everything over the next three years. Meanwhile, 2017 will probably turn out to be the hottest year since records began, even without the effect of El Niño, and CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere have reached a record level with a 2% increase after three years of stability.
Why The Food Movement Is Unstoppable
Not so very long ago food and agriculture were high on the list of unfashionable subjects in most parts of the world. Relatively suddenly, however, millions of individuals have separately begun to develop passionate interests in the products and processes of agriculture.


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An excerpt from www.HouseOfNames.com archives copyright © 2000 - 2017
Norman Conquest of England of 1066 brought the Brewse family name to the British Isles. They lived in Norfolk. Historians disagree on which of three regions of Normandy the name is drawn from, Brix, Le Brus, or Briouze, but whatever the region the name is clearly from Normandy.
Brewse Early Origins
Suffolk at Little Wenham, a parish, in the incorporation and hundred of Samford. "The church contains memorials to the family of Brewes. Here are the remains of an old castellated mansion, the seat of that ancient family, by whom it appears to have been erected in 1569; it has been converted into a granary." [1]CITATION[CLOSE]
Lewis, Samuel, A Topographical Dictionary of England. Institute of Historical Research, 1848, Print.
Brewse Spelling Variations
Brewse Spelling Variations
A multitude of spelling variations characterize Norman surnames. Many variations occurred because Old and Middle English lacked any definite spelling rules. The introduction of Norman French to England also had a pronounced effect, as did the court languages of Latin and French. Therefore, one person was often referred to by several different spellings in a single lifetime. The various spellings include Brewes, Brews, Brewe, Brewse, Brewis, Brew, Brewas, Brewase, Brue, MacBrew and many more.
Brewse Early History
Brewse Early History
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Brewse research. Another 145 words (10 lines of text) covering the years 150 and 1500 are included under the topic Early Brewse History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Brewse Early Notables (pre 1700)
Brewse Early Notables (pre 1700)
Another 19 words (1 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Brewse Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Brewse In Ireland
Brewse In Ireland
Some of the Brewse family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt. Another 59 words (4 lines of text) about their life in Ireland is included in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
The Great Migration
The Great Migration
Some of the first settlers of this family name were:
Brewse Settlers in Canada in the 18th Century
Brewse Family Crest Products
Brewse Family Crest Products
See Also
See Also
Other References
The Brewse Family Crest was acquired from the Houseofnames.com archives. The Brewse Family Crest was drawn according to heraldic standards based on published blazons. We generally include the oldest published family crest once associated with each surname.
This page was last modified on 29 February 2016 at 15:04.
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If there's two things that go together as well as the internet and cats, James Bond and casinos must be a close second. James Bond has been associated with the casino from the first line of Ian Fleming's immortalised novel, Casino Royale, "The scent and smoke and sweat of a casino are nauseating at three in the morning".
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Hexion works tirelessly to advocate and stay ahead of the global emission regulations of formaldehyde. We continuously campaign for the sound science behind the use of formaldehyde as well as the forest products industry.Working with organizations like the European Chemical Industry Council, The American Chemistry Council, R.E.A.C.H, Formacare, and many others, Hexion is a constant voice representing the best interests of the industries we serve.
Please be sure to visit these additional resources on formaldehyde: