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The First Industrial Revolution: a Puzzle for Growth Economists. Nick Crafts and Larry Neal. The Holy Grail. To explain the sustained acceleration in economic growth in Britain during the Industrial Revolution The Good News : the explicandum is better described
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Nick Crafts and Larry Neal
LogW = α- βLogPop + ρtTrend growth of W is zero till 1800 while 'Iron Law' of wages allows population growth at ρ/β =0.5% pre-1800, = 2% post-1800 based on higher ρEnglish population in 1800 was 3 x 1550 population but no sign of positive feedback from population to technological progress
The key feature of the industrial revolution is the dog that didn't bark – rapid population growth was sustained without a collapse in real wages
Source: Crafts (2003): includes railway, steamships, steam engines
kEndogenous Growth
Schumpeter relationship (high λ)
Schumpeter (low λ)
Solow (high s)
Solow steady-state relationship (low s)


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New from Laurence & Chico for Spring Summer 2016 is this Long Vest with Jellyfish Print. This elongated vest comes in a simple straight fit with curved lapels and a length that hits below the knees. The entire garment features an abstract print that is inspired by the anatomy of a Jellyfish. Faux pearl embellishments are featured throughout the garment for added texture. The front main circular patch features two hidden inseam pockets. This garment is unlined but has bound seams throughout for a clean finish. Long Vest with Jellyfish Print. 100% Polyester. Imported.
Model is 175 cm tall and wearing a size S
Final sale item, not eligible for return or exchange.

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Software Developer/Engineer - ICL - 1360
Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI)
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JobID: 1360
Location: Atlanta, GA
Description: Full-time, permanent position available starting immediately. Looking for a software developer with 3+ years of experience in software development with specific skills in one or more of the following:
- Java, Groovy, Scala, Ruby, Python, or other modern programming languages
- Web development frameworks (Spring, Grails, Rails, Django)
- Software Development Practices
- Agile, Scrum, unit testing, version control, continuous integration,
- HTML, CSS, and JavaScript
- Databases (PostgreSQL, MySQL)
- XML, XML Schema, XSLT, Schematron
- Web Services (REST, SOAP, WSDL)
- OpenID, OAuth, OpenID Connect, SAML
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The ideal candidate would have a BS or MS in Computer Science or Computer Engineering and would like to work in a cutting-edge research software development environment.
Research Scientist I – BS in Computer Science or Computer Engineering
Research Scientist II – MS in Computer Science or Computer Engineering and 3+ years' experience.
Strong written, verbal and presentation skills and the ability to work well in a team environment are necessary. A candidate should also be capable of working independently and effectively with minimal supervision for up to 10 days.
The primary work assignment would be as a software developer for Government projects serving the Justice, Public Safety, Health, and DOD Command and Control (C2) communities. Projects focus on secure sharing of information between state, local, and federal agency information systems, focusing on standards development and information sharing systems and tools. Each agency we work with is autonomous and has a unique architecture and legacy infrastructure. GTRI serves as the principal architect and integrator and provides technical guidance to numerous agencies and contractors.
The project is based in the Centergy Building at 75 Fifth Street NW Atlanta, on the Georgia Tech campus.
Candidate must be a US citizen eligible for a security clearance. A security clearance may be required but is not required at time of application.
Located in Atlanta, Georgia, the Georgia Institute of Technology is a leading research university committed to improving the human condition through advanced science and technology.
Ranked as the #7 best public university, Georgia Tech provides a focused, technologically based education to more than 21,500 undergraduate and graduate students.
Georgia Tech has many nationally recognized programs, all top-ranked by peers and publications alike, and is ranked in the nation's top 10 public universities by U.S. News and World Report.
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Pharmacogenetic testing holds major promise in allowing physicians to tailor therapy to patients based on genotype. However, there is little data on the impact of pharmacogenetic test results on patient and clinician choice of therapy. CYP2D6 testing among tamoxifen users offers a potential test case of the use of pharmacogenetic testing in the clinic. We evaluated the effect of CYP2D6 testing in clinical practice to determine whether genotype results affected choice of hormone therapy in a prospective cohort study.
Women planning to take or currently taking tamoxifen were considered eligible. Participants were enrolled in an informational session that reviewed the results of studies of CYP2D6 genotype on breast cancer recurrence. CYP2D6 genotyping was offered to participants using the AmpliChip CYP450 Test. Women were classified as either poor, intermediate, extensive or ultra-rapid metabolizers. Results were provided to clinicians without specific treatment recommendations. Follow-up was performed with a structured phone interview 3 to 6 months after testing to evaluate changes in medication.
A total of 245 women were tested and 235 completed the follow-up survey. Six of 13 (46%) women classified as poor metabolizers reported changing treatment compared with 11 of 218 (5%) classified as intermediate, extensive or ultra-rapid metabolizers (P < 0.001). There was no difference in treatment choices between women classified as intermediate and extensive metabolizers. In multi-variate models that adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, educational status, method of referral into the study, prior knowledge of CYP2D6 testing, the patients' CYP2D6 genotype was the only significant factor that predicted a change in therapy (odds ratio 22.8; 95% confidence interval 5.2 to 98.8). Genetic testing did not affect use of co-medications that interact with CYP2D6.
CYP2D6 genotype testing led to changes in therapy among poor metabolizers, even in the absence of definitive data that an alternative medicine improved outcomes. Pharmacogenetic testing can affect choice of therapy, even in the absence of definitive data on clinical impact.
Pharmacogenetics may improve health outcomes by allowing clinicians to tailor medications to patients' individual genetic profiles. Once the genetic determinants of drug response are identified, additional work will be required to translate these findings into practice [1-3]. One major question regarding the implementation of pharmacogenetic testing is how clinicians will incorporate the results into practice and whether the genotypic results will lead to a change in therapy.
Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, acts as an estrogen receptor antagonist in breast tissue. In the adjuvant setting, tamoxifen reduces breast cancer recurrence [4] and mortality [5,6] among women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Tamoxifen also reduces the risk of breast cancer in high risk women [7]. It is metabolized to 4-hydroxy-N-desmethyl-tamoxifen, also known as endoxifen [8-10], which is considered the primary pharmacologically active metabolite of tamoxifen [9-11]. Cytochrome P450 2D6 enzyme (CYP2D6) is the rate-limiting enzyme that converts N-desmethyl-tamoxifen into endoxifen [10,12,13].
The CYP2D6 gene is highly polymorphic and has several alleles that decrease or completely abolish its enzymatic activity. Several studies suggest that breast cancer patients on tamoxifen with a 'poor metabolizer' phenotype (two inactive alleles) [11,14-18] or with two alleles with reduced enzymatic activity [16,19-24] have a higher rate of breast cancer recurrence compared to patients with other phenotypes. Recent retrospective analyses from two large randomized trials comparing tamoxifen with aromatase inhibition as treatment for early stage breast cancer in post-menopausal women demonstrated no impact of CYP2D6 genotype on outcome [25,26]. Nonetheless, the impact of genotype on the effectiveness of tamoxifen remains uncertain [11,13-23,27,28].
Although there is considerable controversy regarding the predictiveness of CYP2D6 genotypes on outcomes, there are alternatives to tamoxifen treatment. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are considered more effective at reducing breast cancer recurrence than tamoxifen alone in post-menopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer [29-33], although no impact has been demonstrated on mortality. In pre-menopausal women with early stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, tamoxifen with or without ovarian suppression (OS) remains the preferred treatment for standard adjuvant therapy since no current data demonstrate improved outcomes of pre-menopausal women on AIs plus OS [34,35]. However, OS alone or with AIs in pre-menopausal women may be considered an alternative in pre-menopausal women who do not tolerate tamoxifen [35-37]. Therefore, CYP2D6 testing may be considered a useful test case of the use of pharmacogenetic testing in the clinic since there are alternative treatments.
We prospectively evaluated the effect of CYP2D6 testing in clinical practice and the impact of providing genotype to practitioners and patients in a prospective cohort study. Specifically, we recruited women who had recently started or were considered candidates to start tamoxifen. They were offered CYP2D6 genotype testing and results were sent to the participant's clinician. We then followed women who underwent testing to determine whether the genotypes affected choice of therapy.
Potential participants included women who were currently on tamoxifen or who were considered candidates for tamoxifen, either for treatment or prevention of breast cancer. Patients were recruited by physician referral or after receiving a contact letter sent to all patients from the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Breast Oncology Clinic who met eligibility criteria. Participants were excluded if they could not give informed consent or could not participate in the educational session due to limited English proficiency. Recruitment took place between March 2008 and May 2010. Most of the women, 222, were referred to the study from physicians' offices. Of these, 15 (7%) did not agree to participate, leaving 207 (93%) referred women who consented to the study. Another 194 women were contacted by letter. Of those, 102 (52%) did not respond, 54 (28%) said they were not interested (n = 34) or not on tamoxifen (n = 20), leaving 38 (20%) women who were recruited by letter. Thus, a total of 245 women consented to participate in this study. The institutional review board at UCSF approved the study and all women provided written informed consent at study entry.
Prior to attending the educational session, each participant was required to identify a referring physician. The referring physician received a short description of the study and agreed to receive the test result in order for the patient to be enrolled. After signing informed consent, the women participated in an educational session conducted by a study physician who used an oral and slideshow presentation to explain genetic testing in general. The study physician also showed slides that included both positive and negative studies regarding CYP2D6 genotype and breast cancer recurrence. The studies discussed included those published prior to March 2008 when recruitment began. The study physician explicitly told participants that genetic testing remains controversial in the medical literature and that additional studies of the utility of genetic testing on clinical outcome were underway. The presentation was approximately 30 to 45 minutes long, including 30 standardized slides and time for questions and discussion. Participants were asked to complete pre- and post-session questionnaires. CYP2D6 testing was offered to all participants at the end of the session (see laboratory protocols) and blood was obtained immediately after the educational component concluded. Results were released to the referring clinician 2 to 4 weeks after testing.
Follow-up was performed with a structured phone interview 3 to 6 months after test results were provided to physicians and patients to determine whether a change in medication occurred.
The pre- and post-educational session questionnaires collected the following information: demographics, past medical history, breast cancer history (including pathology and prior treatment), tamoxifen use, other co-medication use, knowledge of genetic testing, and attitudes towards uptaking new technology. Women were classified as pre-menopausal if they indicated having a menstrual period in the prior 3 months and no change in menstrual regularity in the prior year; they were considered post-menopausal if they had no vaginal bleeding (amenorrhea) for at least 6 months without other obvious pathological or physiological cause. Participants were asked if they were experiencing hot flashes, vaginal dryness, sleep problems and any other side effects from tamoxifen. The number, intensity, duration, and severity of hot flashes were reported in the questionnaire. Severity of each side effect was rated on a Likert scale with responses ranging from 1 (mild) to 5 (extremely severe).
If the participant agreed to testing, two 10 cc tubes of blood were drawn. One tube of blood was used for genomic DNA extraction that was performed at the UCSF Clinical Pharmacogenomics Laboratory. DNA was extracted from whole blood using the Qiagen QIAamp Blood DNA Kit (Frederick, MD, USA). After extraction, DNA was quantified and stored at -20°C. A second blood sample was collected in a serum separator tube and stored at -20°C to measure tamoxifen metabolites, especially endoxifen levels. Tamoxifen metabolite measurements were not reported to patients or clinicians since there were no clinical data on their use at the time the study was conceived and designed.
The analysis of CYP2D6 polymorphisms was performed at the UCSF Clinical Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments Act (CLIA)-certified laboratory, using the AmpliChip CYP450 Test (Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Branchburg, NJ, USA). This test uses the Affymetrix microarray platform and screens for 27 different alleles of the CYP2D6 gene (including gene duplications and deletions) and 3 alleles of the CYP2C19 gene. The AmpliChip CYP450 Data Analysis Software was used to infer the genotype, and to predict the individual's CYP2D6 enzymatic activity. We classified subjects into four classes: ultra-rapid metabolizers (UMs), extensive metabolizers (EMs), intermediate metabolizers (IMs), and poor metabolizers (PMs). The test and assay conditions for this study followed the manufacturer's instructions [38]. In approximately 1 to 2% of samples, the test results in a 'no genotype' call, presumably because of a rare variant not detected by the chip that interferes with the usual hybridization patterns. In every case of a 'no genotype' result from the AmpliChip, we repeated the assay at least once to confirm that the result could not be obtained.
Clinicians were informed of test results, including the specific genotype and metabolizing status but no specific treatment recommendation was provided. Results were reported with the specific genotype (for example, *1/*4) and the interpretation of the enzymatic activity as classified by the AmpliChip CYP450 Test (for example, 'ultra-rapid metabolizer', 'extensive metabolizer', 'intermediate metabolizer', or 'poor metabolizer'). We used Table Table22 from the AmpliChip package insert for the assignment of ultra-rapid, extensive, intermediate and poor CYP2D6 metabolizers. In addition, information about the effect of metabolizer status on endoxifen levels and the effect of co-medications was provided based on a commonly used reference [39]. Clinicians were not provided specific input about the relationship between genotype or metabolizer status and breast cancer recurrence because of the controversial nature of this association. Clinicians were provided with a form letter to help with informing patients that offered two possible recommendations: (a) to continue current therapy or (b) to call the clinician and schedule an appointment to discuss the results. The CYP2C19 genotypes from the AmpliChip test and endoxifen levels were not part of the main study and these results were not, therefore, reported to attending oncologists.
Three to six months after CYP2D6 testing, a follow-up questionnaire was administered by a trained research assistant during a structured telephone interview. This questionnaire ascertained whether the patients received the CYP2D6 test result letter and discussed CYP2D6 phenotype status (UM, EM, IM, PM) with their clinician, whether the clinician suggested any change in medication based on the test result (tamoxifen, AIs, or any other medication), and what change was suggested. We also determined whether the patients were still taking, started taking, or stopped taking tamoxifen since study participation and what the reason was for any change in hormone therapy.
To evaluate the effect of CYP2D6 testing in clinical practice and to determine whether reported CYP2D6 phenotype affects change in therapy, we compared the rate of medication change among women identified as PM to women identified as UM, EM or IM using Fisher's exact test. In our analysis, data from women with UM and EM phenotype was combined into one category (UM/EM) since all reports suggest that they have the same clinical outcome. All analyses were conducted with the program STATA (version 10, StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA).
A total of 245 women were enrolled in the study, of whom 235 (96%) participated in the follow-up survey. Ten women (4%) did not return letters or telephone calls and were not included in the analysis of follow-up. The average age of women enrolled in the study was 47 years (range from 23 to 82; Table Table1).1). Most of the participants were Caucasian (68%) and Asian (23%). Thirty-eight percent of women had other chronic health problems. Seventy-two percent of women were married. Educational attainment and income were high; 43% had completed post-graduate degrees and 44% lived in households with > $100, 000 income. At the time of breast cancer diagnosis, 78% (184) were pre-menopausal and 22% (51) were post-menopausal. Nearly all of the women enrolled in the study (97%) had either invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with the majority (70%) reporting invasive breast cancer.
Sixty-eight percent (166) of women in the study were taking tamoxifen at the time of enrollment for a median duration of 5 months (range from 1 to 60). The most common side effects attributed to tamoxifen were hot flashes (63%), sleep problems (46%) and vaginal dryness (37%). Approximately 10% of women (24) in the study reported taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), but only one was taking an SSRI considered to be a strong inhibitor of CYP2D6 (paroxetine). In addition, eight participants (3%) were taking a moderate to potent inhibitor, the norepinephrine-dopamine inhibitor buproprion.
The primary referral method in the study was by a physician or nurse (80%). The rest of the participants were either self-referred or referred by a breast cancer support group (4%) or recruited by the study contact letter (16%). Approximately 50% (122) of the women in the study had previous knowledge of CYP2D6 testing and the main source of this knowledge was a physician or nurse (38%). Other sources of prior knowledge regarding testing included women who reported reading about CYP2D6 in the medical literature (20%), the internet (14%), and television or newspapers (5%).
Table Table22 shows the detailed CYP2D6 genotypes and predicted phenotype frequency distribution of participants in the study by ethnicity. Of the 245 participants, 4% (10) were UMs, 76% (185) were EMs, 13% (32) IMs and 5% (13) were PMs. In addition, in four of the women (2%), we could not ascertain the genotype based on the AmpliChip result (Table (Table2).2). Of the 13 PMs, 10 (77%) were Caucasian, 2 (15%) were Latina and 1 (8%) was Asian. There was no significant difference in the rate of PMs across these racial/ethnic categories. Of the 32 IMs, 15 (47%) were Asian, 15 were Caucasian and 2 (6%) were Latina. Asians were more likely to be classified as IMs compared to Caucasians (P = 0.002). Out of 166 women taking tamoxifen at the time of enrollment, 5 were UMs, 125 EMs, 24 IMs, 7 PMs and 5 'no genotype'.
We found a significant association between CYP2D6 phenotype results and change in therapy (Table (Table3).3). Six of the 13 PMs (46%) changed treatment to an AI, compared to 10 out of 186 in the UM/EM group (P < 0.001). In contrast, there was no significant difference in treatment change rates between the women classified as IMs, 1 (3%, pre-menopausal) out of 32, and UMs/EMs (P = 0.51). In addition, all four women with 'no genotype' call were taking tamoxifen at the time of follow-up, which was no different than the proportion of women taking tamoxifen among UMs/EMs.
Among the subset of pre-menopausal women (n = 183), 5 of 11 women with the PM phenotype switched to an AI and OS, which was significantly higher (P = 0.001) than the rate of change among the UMs/EMs (5 of 149). There was no difference among women with the UM/EM versus IM phenotype when we analyzed the pre-menopausal women (P = 0.54).
A total of 26 women reported that they were not taking hormone therapy at the time of follow-up. Of these women, four (three EMs and one IM, all pre-menopausal) were considering tamoxifen for prevention, seven (six EMs and one IM) were considering tamoxifen for treatment of DCIS and six (five EMs and one IM) for treatment of invasive breast cancer. There was no difference in the probability of being on or off hormone therapy by CYP2D6 metabolizer status.
Of the 186 UMs/EMs, 21% (38) were taking one or more co-medications at the time of enrollment. Nine of these 38 women (24%) changed or stopped a co-medication at the time of follow-up. Of the women on the most potent inhibitors, two of nine stopped a co-medication. There was no significant difference in the rate of change of co-medication between IMs compared to UMs/EMs (P = 0.62). None of the PMs were taking any of the co-medications and CYP2D6 inhibitors described in Table Table11.
We also evaluated whether any factors besides CYP2D6 genotype predict change in therapy (Table (Table4).4). In univariate analyses there was no association between change to AIs and method of referral or previous knowledge of CYP2D6 testing. Among women who said they had prior knowledge, the source of knowledge (physician versus medical literature versus internet) did not affect choice of therapy. We also found no association between change in therapy and report of interest in CYP2D6 testing (P = 0.34) or report of interest in new medical treatments and technology (P = 0.59). In addition, age, race/ethnicity and education were not predictive of change in therapy (results not shown). No other significant associations were found. Specifically, age, menopausal status, educational attainment, race/ethnicity and indication for treatment (invasive cancer versus carcinoma in situ versus prevention) did not predict change in therapy in univariate analyses. There was no association between change in hormone therapy and reported side effects from tamoxifen.
We used multi-variate models to determine whether any factors may confound the association between CYP2D6 genotype and change in therapy (Table (Table4).4). CYP2D6 genotype remained the only statistically significant association with change in therapy even after adjustment for age, breast cancer type (invasive breast cancer, DCIS and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)), menopausal status (pre-menopausal versus post-menopausal), report of any tamoxifen-induced side effects, previous knowledge of CYP2D6 testing, referral method (physician or nurse versus other sources) and interest in CYP2D6 testing.
We provided CYP2D6 genotype results to clinicians and patients and evaluated the impact of this information on the proportion of women who changed hormone therapy. Approximately 5% of women were PMs and 6 out of 13 (46%) changed treatment after discussion with their physicians. This was a significantly higher percentage than the rate of therapy change in those with UM, EM or IM phenotypes, suggesting that in this setting phenotype results affected treatment decisions. The association between medication change was not confounded by method of referral to the study or by prior interest in CYP2D6 testing.
For pre-menopausal women, change in hormone therapy included both an AI as well as ovarian suppression that leads to significant side effects associated with early menopause. Thus, despite the limited evidence and the risk of side effects from an alternative treatment, physicians and patients frequently changed therapy in response to a PM phenotype. Treatment with an AI alone in younger women who have amenorrhea due to chemotherapy may lead to inadequate hormonal suppression [40]. We did not directly make any treatment recommendations. But five of the six women who had changed to an AI also received OS. The only woman who received AI alone was aged 56 years and was known to be post-menopausal prior to breast cancer treatment. Therefore, the physicians who referred to our study appear to be aware of the risks of inadequate hormonal therapy and to have used combination therapy when appropriate.
The association between CYP2D6 genotype and efficacy of tamoxifen in women with early stage, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer remains unclear. CYP2D6 activity clearly correlates with endoxifen levels, but the association with outcome has been far more controversial. Several studies have demonstrated an association [11,14-19], but other studies, including the two largest, have failed to confirm an impact of enzyme activity and breast cancer outcome [20-23,25,26]. A recent meta-analysis found a trend towards association between CYP2D6 genotype and disease free survival but not overall survival [41]. However, the authors noted considerable heterogeneity among the studies in both the reported associations and in the way subsets of genotypes were grouped. More recently, two large randomized controlled trials, the Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial [25] and the Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 trial [26], evaluated the impact of CYP2D6 polymorphisms in patients treated with tamoxifen. Neither study demonstrated an association between the risk of breast cancer recurrence and CYP2D6 phenotype.
Our study had completed all the enrollment and the follow-up by September 2010, prior to the presentation of the genotyping data from the ATAC and BIG 1-98 trials in December 2010. Thus, at the time that patients and clinicians were deciding how to interpret the genotypes, these results could not be taken into consideration, but could have a significant impact on decisions regarding testing and treatment change. However, as part of our presentation to patients prior to testing, we showed the results of both prior positive and negative studies testing for associations between CYP2D6 and breast cancer. Since physicians and patients were aware of the controversial results, our study demonstrates that many clinicians and patients are generally willing to make treatment decisions even in the curative setting based on non-definitive and retrospective pharmacogenetic information when accompanied by a reasonable hypothesis.
The prevalence of CYP2D6 polymorphisms varies across ethnic groups. The frequency of CYP2D6 PMs in our study is consistent with previous reports [15,19]. Like other investigators [14,24,42], we found that the most frequent variant present in Asians was CYP2D6*10, an allele with reduced activity. Results examining the association between the *10 allele and clinical outcomes have also been mixed [14,16,19,20,24,42]. The rate of medication change among patients with the IM CYP2D6 phenotype, including patients homozygous for this allele, was similar to that in patients with the UM/EM phenotype, suggesting that physicians do not consider these patients at significantly increased risk of recurrence.
Endoxifen concentration varies not only according to the number of functional CYP2D6 alleles [43] but also in the presence of potent CYP2D6 enzyme inhibitors. Agents such as the SSRIs paroxetine or fluoxetine, and the anti-arrhythmic quinidine are among the most potent inhibitors [9,44]. When these medications are co-administered with tamoxifen to women with an EM phenotype, endoxifen concentrations are similar to those observed in PM and have the potential, therefore, to reduce tamoxifen efficacy [9,43,44]. Other commonly used medications such as buproprion, duloxetine, clomipramine, thioridazine, pherphenazine, and pimozide exhibit inhibition close to that of paroxetine, fluoxetine and quinidine [44-46]. While we found that some women did change their co-medications, this was unrelated to CYP2D6 genotype. Our study did not collect enough information from physicians to distinguish between those two possibilities.
Our study is unique in that, to our knowledge, no prior pharmacogenetic studies on change in therapy for CYP2D6 have been previously published. Several studies have examined the issue of incorporating pharmacogenetic data in dosing warfarin [47,48]; however, genetic testing for warfarin dosing does not involve a change to a different medication. Several studies have also shown that genetic testing for BRCA1/2 leads to selection of risk-reducing surgeries [49-51], the use of post-menopausal hormone therapy [52], and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis [53].
Our study also has several important limitations. First, the evidence for the association between CYP2D6 polymorphisms and outcomes remains mixed in the literature and the availability of the most recent results may have changed the decisions that patients and providers in our study made. Second, our sample may have been biased by referral patterns and by patient participation. Physicians and patients who are interested in testing and in changing therapy based on test results may have been more likely to participate in our study. However, we found no association between prior knowledge or interest in CYP2D6 genotype testing and choice of therapy at follow-up. In addition, there were no other significant predictors within our data. Third, our sample may not be universally generalizable. Our patients tended to be mostly Caucasians and Asians, highly educated on average, with a relatively high income level, and most were already being followed at a University medical center for breast cancer. Furthermore, our study used patient self-report of medication use rather than chart review or physician report. However, both patient report and physician report may have limitations. More studies should be conducted to determine how genotyping results would be used in community settings.
Our study demonstrates that CYP2D6 pharmacogenetic testing led to change in therapy among patients with genotypes that predicted no CYP2D6 activity. Thus, clinicians and patients do use pharmacogenetic results to change therapy, even in the absence of definitive knowledge about the utility of the pharmacogenetic result. Ultimately, prospective randomized trials will be required to demonstrate the impact of treatment change based on pharmacogenetic testing.
AI: aromatase inhibitor; ATAC: Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination; BIG: Breast International Group; CYP2C19: cytochrome P450 2C19; CYP2D6: cytochrome P450 2D6; DCIS: ductal carcinoma in situ; EM: extensive metabolizer; IM: intermediate metabolizer; OS: ovarian suppression; PM: poor metabolizer; SSRI: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; UCSF: University of California San Francisco; UM: ultra-rapid metabolizer.
HJL and MN are full-time employees of Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., which manufactures the AmpliChip CYP450 Test. These authors were not involved in any of the presentations of information to patients regarding the assay either prior to or after testing. They were involved in assisting the UCSF investigators with technical questions regarding the assay, and were involved in critical revisions of the manuscript. The rest of the authors declare that they have no competing interests.
WL and EZ participated in the conception, design and implementation of the study, acquisition of data, performed the statistical analysis and interpretation of data, and participated in drafting and preparation of the manuscript. HR, MSB, and MM participated in the conception of the study, acquisition of data and drafting the manuscript. TM provided administrative and institutional support, and participated in drafting the manuscript. ST and AHBW carried out the DNA extraction, CYP2D6 genotype assay and interpretation, and participated in drafting the manuscript. HJL and MN provided technical support and interpretation for the AmpliChip CYP450 Test and Data Analysis Software. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
This work was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences Award T32 GM007546, University of California San Francisco, Clinical Pharmacology Postdoctoral Fellowship Training to WL; California Breast Cancer Research Program (CBCRP) grant 14OB-0166 to EZ; materials and instrumentation for the AmpliChip CYP450 Test were donated by Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. MSB was supported by the Center for Translational and Policy Research in Personalized Medicine (TRANSPERS) NIH/NCI grant P01 CA130818-02A1. We thank Viktoriya Krepkiy (Ziv Lab), Andrew Smith and Erin Shea (Wu Lab) for helping during the educational sessions, following up participants and genotyping for CYP2D6. We also thank the clinical staff at UCSF Breast Oncology Clinic, as well as the patients for their participation.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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The Morgantown Streetscape Improvement Project has been taking place for several years and the High Street portion will finally wrap up this summer.
Phase V will begin Monday, bringing a fresh surface to Morgantown's most popular downtown street.
High Street will have curbs and sidewalks replaced from Kirk Street to Foundry Street.
Pressed crosswalks, street parking and "bump-outs" that feature trees, greenery and landscaping will also see an upgrade.
The next phase will include an update to Walnut Street and other perpendicular streets beginning in the summer of 2014.


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Identity Is not a Thing
Posted on 2014-04-29-17:09 by orcmid
It is amazing to me how many ways notions of identity are employed and how nebulous identity itself remains. Consider all of the variations identified in Wikipedia. Contrast the social-science distinctions of identity with the tacit assumption of identity as … Continue reading →
Recommending "Her"
Posted on 2014-01-26-12:11 by orcmid
Vicki was out of town on an important family mission during my official 75th birthday, yesterday, and I treated myself to the new film, "Her." (Please don't read the Wikipedia synopsis, it sucks the life out of the story and … Continue reading →
Posted in Golden Geek, In My World, Orcmid's Lair, Social Networking | Leave a comment
fluidinfo: A SemWeb Like a Wiki[pedia] or Like a Google?
Posted on 2011-03-24-11:33 by orcmid
Apparently fluidinfo is the new grey (elephant) and we are the blind explorers. Me too. John Blossom, in a 2011-03-24 post, "Will Fluid Flow to Reality?", sees Fluidinfo having to contend with Google. The comparison is with the Google properties … Continue reading →
Posted in Computers and Internet, ecostructure, nfoWorks, Social Networking, trust | Tagged content aggregation, content silo, federation, Fluidinfo, open mash-up, open platforms, open protocols | 5 Comments
When is an API a Silo? fluidinfo Knows
Posted on 2011-03-21-12:30 by orcmid
The announcement of "O'Reilly's new API" and a contest for its creative use just caught my eye on Twitter. I'm intrigued by the broad sweep of the tagline: Openly writable shared metadata for everything. Everything! I must know more. Mustn't … Continue reading →
When Techies Argue About Accessibility Features, What Is the Argument For?
Posted on 2011-03-20-14:19 by orcmid
Results of Questionnaire ISSUE-32: how to provide a summary of a table, e.g. for unsighted navigation? – Straw Poll for Objections – Web-Based Straw-poll and Balloting System I've been following smatterings of the HTML5 debates on what is in, what … Continue reading →
Posted in Computers and Internet, nfoWorks, Social Networking, trust | Tagged accessibility, accessible web, HTML5, localization, nfoWorks | 1 Comment
Blog Lists on my Page
Posted on 2007-08-26-10:49 by orcmid
I created a Blog Lists module on the sidebar of this space. It showed up as a post in my RSS feed. I wonder if it will do music, movies, and books too. Cool! Technorati Tags: orcmid, Windows … Continue reading →
Posted in Social Networking | Leave a comment


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ball mill level control
ball mill level control
Ball Mill Level Control. inching control in ball mill « mine quarry. Inching Drive Backstops/Brake System for Ball Mills, Kiln Drives, and The inching drive is an auxiliary drive for rotating the ball mill when maintenance control.Read More
Slurry Density Measurement,control
The international forum for control engineers, system ... The second option is to go for a vibrating level switch optimised for density. ... What kinds of valve that you are using?If you are looking for a ware-resistant valve please use our ceramic-lined ball valve which is excellent for ...Read More
Actively promote the soft ball mill level overview of new ...
actively promote a soft ball mill level measurements outlined new progress portable Crusher, in a ball mill pulverizing system, ball mill may be the side mostRead More
Pulverizer,Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ball and tube mills . A ball mill is a pulverizer that consists of a horizontal rotating cylinder, up to three diameters in length, ... A control circuit monitors the coal level in the mill, and controls the speed of the raw coal feeder to maintain it.Read More
Electronic ear in SAG mill,Control.com
Have heard of many successful control applications of this technology used anywhere material is being crushed e.g. in Ball Mills. ... If the sound level increases the feed is increased to bed the mill some more to prevent liner damage due ... We have used it for Ball Mill control, EXCELLENT ...Read More
Acoustic ball mill level controls
Acoustic Ball Mill Level Controls. active noise control ,EzineMark. Free active noise control ... Noise Control of ball mill read ... Headphones and the Bose QC15Bose® QuietComfort® 15 Acoustic Noise Cancelling ...Read More
Advanced process control for the cement industry,
Ball mill application Ball mill grinding is a highly energy consuming process and the ECS/ProcessExpert Ball mill application is built to meet theRead More
Cement mill, cement Grinding mill for cement Grinding process ...
CGM Cement mill, cement Grinding mill for cement Grinding process in cement plant. Ball mills and vertical mills are the best choice for your cement Grinding plant.Read More
New Technology on Measurement and Control for Material Level ...
Both the measurement and control for material level in low velocity tumbling ball mill used in thermal power plant have certain difficulties. The phenomena of coal-feed interruption or coal blocking often occur, which affect severely the boiler combustion and the unit load.Read More
Kinross Paracatu PAPER,
The Kinross Paracatu new grinding circuit consists of one 11.6 x 6.7m (38 x 22) SAG mill with installed power of 20MW, followed by two 7.3 x 12.2m (24 x 40) ball mills with installed powerRead More
General Requirements for RCRA Regulated Hazardous Waste Tanks
hazardous waste after December 6, 1996, are potentially subject to the standards specified in 40 CFR 264/265.1080 through 1091 ... Level 1 controls of 40 CFR 264.1084(c)) shall report to the Regional Administrator each occurrence when HazW isRead More
AN OVERVIEW OF LIME SLAKING,AGT Group
5 C. BALL MILL SLAKERS Ball mill slakers are an adaptation of ball mills, which originally were designed for wet and dry grinding, to lime slaking.Read More
Fuzzy-PID control system for level of ball mill based on ...
Characterized by nonlinearity,multivariable coupling,time variation of parameters and large inertia,large time delay,and the lack of effective detection method in level of ball mill,ball mill system face a hard work in the control implements.In view of the above problem,fuzzy-PID control ...Read More
Material level detection and optimum control of BBD coal mill
In this paper, based on the noise signal, BBD ball mill material detection method and mill pulverizing system optimization control are presented.Read More
Mill (grinding),Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A mill is a device that breaks solid materials into smaller pieces by grinding, crushing, or cutting. Such comminution is an important unit operation in many processes.Read More
An Improved Fuel Measurement,Applied Control Systems, Inc.
An Improved Fuel Measurement. Robert N. Hubby. ...,The amount of coal flow to the furnace depends on mill level. Some mill level controls are limited to three values of ... * The status of ball mill charge is a major variant that effects the grinding ...Read More
A fuzzy control method for ball mill system aased on fill ...
Aiming at the disadvantage of ball mill system control, a new control algorithm based on fuzzy logic control is proposed. Firstly, the dynamic characteristic of ball mill pulverizing is given.Read More
IEEE Xplore Abstract,A fuzzy control method for ball mill ...
Aiming at the disadvantage of ball mill system control, a new control algorithm based on fuzzy logic control is proposed. Firstly, the dynamic characteristic of ball mill pulverizing is given.Read More
Real time mill management tools stabilizing your milling process
measurement of the ball level in the mill, more accurate than power readings, as well as a control of it, is highly ... 19961999 Research Engineer in process control. Worked on ball mills and vertical mills automation.Read More
pdf on raw coal mills,CGM Grinding Plant
Mill level control circuit sensing the decreased coat level in Mill increases the speed of raw coal ... Create a book; ... FileName: Ball mills_EN.pdf. Shared by: gquwrabx 6 month ...Read More
Cement ball mill liners problems solving method
The liners are damageable parts of cement ball mill. In the working process, liner will be impacted by material constant crushing and grinding, and also by corrosion of pulp.Read More
Next Post: equipment for small scale mining


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Pros and cons
Everyone knows Fitch and Boardman are talking about leaving the Steel Valley Conference. Many people can't figure out why. Here's a look at some of the pros and cons of their possible move. C6.
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The Masters Made Practical
An Anthology of Organ Masterworks
Organ 3-staff - Intermediate
An Anthology of Organ Masterworks. Edited by Geoffrey R. Lorenz. Sacred, General, Masterworks and Transcriptions. Published by Lorenz Publishing Company (LX.KK167).
Item Number: LX.KK167
About Digital Downloads
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PLEASE NOTE: Your Digital Download will have a watermark at the bottom of each page that will include your name, purchase date and number of copies purchased. You are only authorized to print the number of copies that you have purchased. You may not digitally distribute or print more copies than purchased for use (i.e., you may not print or digitally distribute individual copies to friends or students).


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1883 Morgan Dollars Silver - New Orleans Mint
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- Sold Date:
- Source: eBay UK
Morgan Dollars 1883 New Orleans MintEXTREMELY RARE Mintage: 1883 Circulation strikes: 8,725,000 has estimated the 1883 O Morgan Silver Dollar Value | CoinTrackers at a minimum of $30, one in perfect condition can be worth $180 or more 90% Silver Please judge the picture for yourself as the condition of the coin considering the age of the coin, please do not hesitate to email if you have any questions. I am happy to combine P&P at a reduced rate! Please wait for an invoice before you pay, to take the reduced rate. If you pay without a combined invoice I can not give you a refund on the P&P. Please Read: This is The Lego-brothers policy about returns: All returns will be accepted back, but once back they will be inspected with the scans and photos of the original item that was sent to you (the customer) in the first place. As for all the Gold and Silver coins, which comes from the local jewellery shop they have their own scans and photos on file, because of the stolen goods act for the police. If the scans and photos proof that the item sent back (by the customer) is not the item Lego-brothers sent out a fraud report will be made to Ebay against you (the customer). Please double check the item before you ship back anything to Lego-brothers. ... read more


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Welcome to the James B. Haggin Memorial Hospital. We are located in Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Being in the heart of the Bluegrass, we provide high quality hospital care and outpatient services close to home.
Any successful health care facility is only as successful as the people who make up its team. The James B. Haggin Memorial Hospital boasts an excellent facility, benefits and team of professionals. If you're interested in joining our staff, contact our Human Resources department for information about current career openings.


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Stephen Harper
Last quote by Stephen Harper
May 30 2017 Trump Presidency
We can learn a lot about a person if we know what types of things he or she talks about or comments on the most frequently. There are numerous topics with which Stephen Harper is associated, including Europe, US, and midst. Most recently, Stephen Harper has been quoted saying: "The debt crisis in Europe shows no sign of abating, China is in the midst of a significant slowdown, recovery in the US remains slower than expected. Once again, these trends abroad impact our life here, in our country." in the article Canada PM Stephen Harper announces October 19 election. An other article where Stephen Harper has been quoted is Surprise Australian pledge helps UN climate change fund reach target.
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Stephen Harper quotes
Jan 23 2006
We have a challenge on our hands, but it's one that we're up to. It's one we're going to meet, and it's one we're going to meet with victory tomorrow night.feedback
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Aug 02 2015
The debt crisis in Europe shows no sign of abating, China is in the midst of a significant slowdown, recovery in the US remains slower than expected. Once again, these trends abroad impact our life here, in our country.feedback
Dec 10 2014
Under the current circumstances in the oil and gas sector, it would be crazy, it would be crazy economic policy to do unilateral penalties on that sector. We're clearly not going to do it.feedback
Oct 28 2014
And may his son, young Marcus Daniel Cirillo, someday find comfort in the fact that our entire country looks up to his dad, with pride, with gratitude, with deep, abiding respect.feedback
Oct 23 2014
In fact, this will lead us to strengthen our resolve and redouble our efforts and those of our national security agencies to take all necessary steps to identify and counter threats and keep Canada safe here at home.feedback
Sep 26 2014
By giving Canadian exporters a privileged access to 500 million prosperous consumers in the EU, this agreement will reinvent the business relationship with the biggest market of the world.feedback
Sep 10 2014
This is a great historic event. For more than a century, this has been a great Canadian story and mystery. I say it has been the subject of scientists and historians and writers and singers and so, I think we have a really important day in mapping together the history of our country.feedback
Jun 26 2010
I don't think you will again see leaders go out and make pledges that they don't intend to keep or that they really haven't thought about very thoroughly.feedback
Oct 15 2008
We liberals will do our part, responsibly, to make sure that this parliament works. It is clear that our economy, indeed the global economic crisis, is the most important issue facing our country at this time.feedback
Oct 15 2008
We've shown that a minority government can work and in this hard time of global economic instability we owe it to Canadians to demonstrate this once again.feedback
Nov 19 2006
We are firmly committed with the rest of the international community to the United Nations resolution and we are proceeding with the implementation of those resolutions.feedback
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An Introduction To Franz Wohlfahrt's Etudes
By Hans Sitt / Franz Wohlfahrt / J. Danbe / Jean Conte
From Op. 38, Op.45, Op. 54 and Op. 74. Composed by Hans Sitt / Franz Wohlfahrt / J. Danbe / Jean Conte. Edited by Amy Rosen. My First Wohlfahrt, for the Developing Student. Classical. Student book. With Standard notation. Opus 38, 45, 54, 74. 32 pages. Carl Fischer #O005552. Published by Carl Fischer (CF.O5552).
Item Number: CF.O5552
Based on Foundation Studies for the Violin by Franz Wohlfahrt, one of the most important books for the study for strings, Amy Rosen has compiled and edited some of the best material from this source book and adapted it for young players. This book focuses on open strings, practices, syncopation and much more to make the young player proficient on the instrument. This is a must have for every young beginning violinist.


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Friday, February 15, 2008
Grandma and Grandpa
Fantastic news! We are going to become grandparents. Yes, Susanne and Paul are "Expecting a Happy Event"! Does this mean that we can babysit? We must stock up on the red cordial and lollies - because we get to send our hyper grandchild home! Aren't we awful?
If you look at the wedding photo posted on January 18th Paul and Susanne are standing behind the bride and groom.
I told you I'd keep you posted!
Above is the perfect cot quilt for the perfect grandchild (minus the buttons of course!), except that Susanne adores elephants. Hmmmm...... I can feel a new design coming on!
Posted by Teddlywinks at 8:49 PM
Labels: Grandma and Grandpa
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text: Arguing against an eclectic approach to the practice of family therapy, Simon (the Minuchin Center for the Family; Hofstra University) urges family therapists to find the one model of practice that best expresses their personal worldviews and values. He exposes the underlying worldviews of five major models of family therapy, and offers guided reflections that help readers become more aware of their own personal views of the human situation. Ongoing clinical vignettes and a conversational tone make the book accessible to both students and practitioners. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR


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Palin's a Socialist But You Don't Want To Hear The Truth
Palin is a Democrat in Republican's clothing!!!! A female Benedict Arnold. She raised corporate taxes!!!! That's mighty Republican of her! She redistributed the wealth from rich people to poor people!!!! That's mighty Republican of her!
Sarah Palin emails: Palin stood with Democrats over oil profits tax, pressed GOP
Sarah Palin was presiding over a legislature in open warfare in 2007 over what would become her singular lawmaking legacy—a substantial boost in the petroleum profits tax that would force oil companies to share billions of dollars more of their profits with the state.
Palin had initially proposed a modest hike, coupled with a crucial new "progressivity" component that jacked up the rate when oil prices rose above normal market levels. But her Democratic allies in the Legislature saw the chance to do more and raised it to 25%, with Palin's enthusiastic support.
The Case for Legalizing Capitalism
Voting wealth out of the pockets of those who have it is socialism, because it is for done the "common good," for the benefit of helping that part of society which earns less.
Thanks, WEL2, I couldn't have done it without you!
The Theory of Socialism and Capitalism
Chapter 4
Socialism Social-democratic Style
What are the central features of socialism social-democratic-style? There are basically two characteristics. First, in positive contradistinction to the traditional Marxist-style socialism, social-democratic socialism does not outlaw private ownership in the means of production and it even accepts the idea of all means of production being privately owned—with the exception only of education, traffic and communication, central banking, and the police and courts. In principle, everyone has the right to privately appropriate and own means of production, to sell, buy, or newly produce them, to give them away as a present, or to rent them out to someone else under a contractual arrangement. But secondly, no owner of means of production rightfully owns all of the income that can be derived from the usage of his means of production and no owner is left to decide how much of the total income from production to allocate to consumption and investment. Instead, part of the income from production rightfully belongs to society, has to be handed over to it, and is then, according to ideas of egalitarianism or distributive justice, redistributed to its individual members. Furthermore, though the respective income-shares that go to the producer and to society might be fixed at any given point in time, the share that rightfully belongs to the producer is in principle flexible and the determination of its size, as well as that of society's share, is not up to the producer, but rightfully belongs to society.
Seen from the point of view of the natural theory of property—the theory underlying capitalism—the adoption of these rules implies that the rights of the natural owner have been aggressively invaded.
What Palin Really Did To the Oil Industry
Oil companies in Alaska are paying more money in taxes than ever before. The state's oil and gas tax revenues for its just-ended fiscal 2007 topped $10 billion. That's twice as much as fiscal 2006 and four times more than 2004.
We Believe in America: 2012 REPUBLICAN PLATFORM
American businesses now face the world's highest corporate tax rate. It reduces their worldwide competitiveness, encourages corporations to move overseas, lessens investment, cripples job creation, lowers U.S. wages, and fosters the avoidance of tax liability—without actually increasing tax revenues. To level the international playing field, and to spur job creation here at home, we call for a reduction of the corporate rate to keep U.S. corporations competitive internationally…
I guess Republicans, like Democrats, will lie to their no info voters.
Alaska lawmakers slash oil taxes, hope to spur output
By the real Republicans. I guess it didn't work out in the long run! LOL!


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Results 1 to 7 of 7
01-19-07, 06:56 #1Registered User
- Join Date
- Oct 2004
- Posts
- 7
Unanswered: reference numbers whose status is not 2 (was "SQL Newbie looking for a little help")
Hi All,
Not exactly a SQL programmer by a long way and I'm having a problem with a query and would like a little advice if someone would be so kind.
I have a table with various fields, of which I'm interested in two (RefNumber and Status).
The RefNumber is not unique has it can be linked to multiple users at the same time. So the data I have looks like this (for the two fields in question).
RefNumber / Status
1234 / 1
1234 / 1
1234 / 2
3333 / 1
3333 / 1
3333 / 1
5555 / 2
5555 / 1
So the result I'm after int this case would be "3333".
I've tried the following query, but it doesn't seem to work.
select ReferenceNumber from CountTable c where Status< (SELECT max(status) as Status FROM CountTable cl where cl.ReferenceNumber = c.referencenumber group by referencenumber)
01-19-07, 08:20 #2Village Idiot
- Join Date
- Jul 2003
- Location
- Michigan
- Posts
- 1,941
Your nested query just needs to find those refnumbers that have a status of 2, and your outer query finds the rest
SELECT DISTINCT REFNUMBER FROM COUNTTABLE WHERE NOT REFNUMBER IN ( SELECT DISTINCT REFNUMBER FROM COUNTTABLE WHERE STATUS=2)Inspiration Through Fermentation
01-19-07, 09:01 #3SQL Consultant
- Join Date
- Apr 2002
- Location
- Toronto, Canada
- Posts
- 20,002
select ReferenceNumber from CountTable group by ReferenceNumber having sum( case when status = 2 then 937 else 0 end ) = 0rudy.ca | @rudydotca
Buy my SitePoint book: Simply SQL
01-19-07, 09:11 #4Village Idiot
- Join Date
- Jul 2003
- Location
- Michigan
- Posts
- 1,941
I'll concede that you're much better at this than I am, so I'll assume
that your's is the better solution. My question is "Why"?
MarkInspiration Through Fermentation
01-19-07, 09:21 #5Registered User
- Join Date
- Oct 2004
- Posts
- 7
Thanks guys - both those queries work perfectly.
I must admit, I have little more idea of what RedNeckGeek's is doing over r937's query.
I'll have a read up on the unknown (to me) functions you use.
Don't think I'll ever fully understand SQL, which is quite sad as it seems quite powerful.
I'm sure, when I do things in code to manipulate data read from a DB, I could do them in SQL with much less overhead. At the moment, I used stored procedures in SQLServer to get data, manipulate it in code then update the DB again through stored procs.......I can almost hear your screams of pain from here!
Any pointers to some good idiot-proof tutorials??
Thanks again for your help.
Mark J.
01-20-07, 16:18 #6Registered User
- Join Date
- Sep 2004
- Location
- Belgium
- Posts
- 1,126
Or still:Code:
SELECT DISTINCT RefNumber FROM CountTable AS c WHERE NOT EXISTS ( SELECT 1 FROM CountTable WHERE RefNumber = c.RefNumber AND Status = 2)--_Peter Vanroose,
__IBM Certified Database Administrator, DB2 9 for z/OS
__IBM Certified Application Developer
__ABIS Training and Consulting
01-21-07, 12:02 #7Resident Curmudgeon
Provided Answers: 54
- Join Date
- Feb 2004
- Location
- In front of the computer
- Posts
- 15,579
You actually seem to have a pretty good deal working already. You understand that SQL is powerful, but like any powerful tool it requires some basic knowledge of the tool and/or instruction before you can use it safely. You've got somebody managing your SQL Server that understands your limits and is providing you with stored procedures to do the "heavy lifting" on the SQL side. This is definitely not a bad place to start!
I'm not sure what kind of resources you are looking for (web sites, classes, books, etc). I'll give you a couple of my suggestions, but feel free to ask more or different questions.
First and foremost, asking questions here is likely to be a really good source of information for you. There are a bunch of crusty old pharts like me, and a few folks that actually present a professional image too. We all have opinions, and most of those opinions are pretty good, and lord knows if you ask a question you're pretty likely to get some good answers.
Don't overlook the possibility of classes at a local university, trade school, or even an Adult Education class. The hands on nature and the interaction with people is really valuable to most people in the early stages of the learning process for almost anything. The quality varies all over the map, running from astounding (in a good sense) to astounding (as in a waste of time) depending on the class, instructor, and student... While this can definitely be a "mixed bag" and can go wrong, it usually goes very, VERY right.
If you are looking for books, then I'd recommend SQL Queries for Mere Mortals or the Hitchhiker's Guide for someone using Microsoft SQL Server.
There are literally thousands of other resources. Give me a nudge in the right direction and I bet I can suggest something!


text: Ok first off I am new to the site. If I posted in the wrong place sorry. I do a bunch of stuff on Craig'sList. I posted to the site and went to add pics and said download blocked. How or what do I have to do to fix it. I can't find anywhere to take off restriction.


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Will Saltsman's Mixed CD Scandal Help His Campaign?
Will Saltsman's Mixed CD Scandal Help His Campaign?
Former Tennessee GOP leader Chip Saltsman incited quite a controversy this holiday when, as part of his campaign to be the next RNC chairman, he gave out copies of a mixed CD including conservative satirist Paul Shanklin's track, "Barack the Magic Negro." The song, which is set to the tune of "Puff the Magic Dragon," originally aired on Rush Limbaugh's talk radio show and has been described as a parody, but Saltsman's gift isn't sitting well with the media and most of the public. Current RNC Chairman Mike Duncan, who is seeking another term, even issued a statement saying it is "shocking" and "appalling."
Meanwhile, experts say the move hasn't hampered Saltsman's bid at all — in fact, it might have helped it. The chairman of the Maine Republican Party went on record saying it was "no big deal." Today, Politico reports RNC chairmanship hopefuls Duncan and Saul Anuzis could have hurt their campaigns by chastising Saltsman. Do you think it will all blow over?


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Recent Posts
Category Archives: Uncategorized
The Last Post
29.09.14 So, a month and a half has passed since my last blog post, and I think this really sums up what I've returned here to say: I'm drawing to a close because there's really nothing to report! That's not … Continue reading
Warning: this is a long one!
Daisy is fully embracing this eating thing! So far it's been an absolute pleasure to introduce her to food – she's enjoying everything we're offering, really quickly getting the hang of biting, chewing and swallowing, doing really well with loaded … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized 1 Comment
Six months old – all systems go!
Daisy is six months old today, so it's all systems go! We celebrated her half-year birthday with lunch at Bill's restaurant again. Daisy enjoyed some sweet potato fries, and some pitta bread dipped in hummus and baba ganoush (posh tastes … Continue reading
Three more days in…
A few more days to update on. But after this, since we are now well into daily tastes, I'll try to hold off the general descriptive posts until something really exciting happens! But to bring you up to date… A … Continue reading
Pizza, pincer, and lots more tastes…
In the past two days, Daisy has tried: some fingers of pizza crust from a homemade pizza (she absolutely loved it), hummus from a 'loaded spoon' (resulting in this hummus goatee), a bit of peanut butter sandwich (rejected by her … Continue reading
Fruit, veg, and …. beer
Daisy has been having tastes of things every day since I decided we were 'go' with weaning. It's still usually only one thing per day but today she had some bread, melon and pineapple at lunchtime and then she demolished … Continue reading
We appear to be 'in'
Ok, so I think I need to be honest with myself and acknowledge that I've started weaning Daisy at five months. Virtually every day in the past week or so, I've offered her some kind of fruit to taste. It's … Continue reading


text: I don't now if anyone else is having this problem, but I can't get it to run at all. Instant force close. I have downloaded it twice with the same result. Only thing I haven't tried is to remove 4.5.1 ( via TB ) and try again. Here's the apk for those that don't have it on their market: MEGAUPLOAD - The leading online storage and file delivery service


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3 Books
Blaise Larmee
288 pages
6 × 9 inches
2 color cover
2 color interior
Intimate, compelling, and uncompromising.
— Mira Gonzalez
A languid dream of sensuality and sex.
— Aidan Koch
How much do you think the frame affects the way we view the object being framed? Shawn Starr & Olivier Ristau
When you first open Blaise Larmee's 3 Books you feel the spine crack. Adhesive separates and an unfamiliar noise from a new book is made. Shawn Starr
Larmee's works tend to reconstitute their contexts to such a degree that their contexts seem to be generated by them. James D. Bowman
Unverstandener Comic-Künstler mit High Art-Ambitionen zeigt dem Kunstbetrieb, was eine Harke ist. Olivier Ristau
In talking about Blaise Larmee's work, it's said that it's hard not to talk about Larmee himself. Aaron King
Despite his frequent online forays into deliberately provocative, Dada/Situationist-style culture-jamming, Larmee is an artist who has consistently been 100% committed to whatever he's writing about. In some cases, like Young Lions, his stories were about concepts like erasure and the nature of relationships and art scenes, which was a bit of an ouroboros. In Ice Cream Kisses, Larmee instead explores sexual longing and fantasy. The structure of the book is an extended Skype session between a young man and a young woman, in which we hear the fantasies of the man and see them played out on the page by Larmee. It is important to distinguish between fantasy and reality here, No one actually has sex in the story, other than masturbation. The images we see are fuzzy, even if they are explicit. In many respects, they represent images in the man's mind. Another interesting thing about the book is that we only hear the man's perspective in all of this; Larmee does not allow the reader to hear anything the woman has to think or say. In that sense, the intimacy portrayed here is as imaginary as the sex itself, and the dialogue is deliberately coarse. There is some affection proffered, but this is an extended look at lust and the ways in which levels of separation both heighten and frustrate that lust. The result is a 122-page shaggy dog sex joke without a punchline, which was designed to put the reader through that same experience of unquenchable arousal and fantasy as the narrator. It's an in-between state, a limbo state, and so the end in many ways was as arbitrary as the beginning. Larmee could have accomplished roughly the same thing in a hundred less pages, but that would defeat the purpose of the experience for the narrator, for the reader and perhaps for Larmee himself. Rob Clough


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Arizona Christian University (ACU) announced the addition of Dr. Barry Asmus to the faculty. Asmus will be teaching a course based on his recent book, coauthored with Dr. Wayne Grudem, "Poverty of Nations: A Sustainable Solution."
Senior economist with the National Center for Policy Analysis, Asmus is an advocate of free market economics. He was named by USA Today as one of the five most requested speakers in the United States. He has been twice voted the Outstanding Professor of the Year and was also awarded the Freedom Foundation at Valley Forge Award for Private Enterprise Education.
Asmus has recently traveled to various countries to speak with government leaders about free-market, low tax, protected property rights and free trade policies. Among the nine books he has published, his book "Crossroads: The Great American Experiment" was nominated for an H.L. Mencken Award.
Asmus was the featured speaker at ACU's 2012 Commencement Ceremony. His course will count as an upper-division elective for both the Political Science and Business Departments at ACU. The Business Department will also be offering the option to count the class as an economics course.


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Scarlett Johansson's husband urges her to pull divorce action
The actress' ex insists he was blindsided by her decision to take their split to court.
Scarlett Johansson's estranged husband has urged the actress to withdraw her divorce petition.
The Avengers star filed to end her two-year marriage to Romain Dauriac earlier this week (beg06Mar17) and released a statement on Wednesday (07Mar17) asking for privacy.
Now it seems Dauriac was not expecting his wife to file for divorce months after the couple split last summer (16). He has urged her to "withdraw" her action and go back to the "negotiating table" to discuss what to do with regards to the pair's daughter, Rose Dorothy.
"It is indeed unfortunate, especially for our daughter, that Scarlett filed in Court and made our personal differences so public," he writes in a new statement. "I would implore her to withdraw her action promptly and go back, as uncomfortable as it might be, to the negotiating table.
"We are the parents of a lovely daughter whom we will continue to co-parent for many years and share her joys and sorrows as only a parent can."
The French journalist's lawyer, Hal Mayerson, admits he was blindsided when Johansson filed divorce papers.
"We were shocked that they filed these proceedings in court," he adds. "We had been negotiating information relevant to their child Rose and also economic issues, so we were stunned when they did this."
Meanwhile in Johansson's personal statement on the matter, the star insisted she is intent on keeping details of their divorce out of the spotlight.
"As a devoted mother and private person and with complete awareness that my daughter will one day be old enough to read the news about herself, I would only like to say that I will never, ever be commenting on the dissolution of my marriage," the document read.
© Cover Media
Belfast Telegraph Digital


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Former Athletes Oppose High Court Review Of 'Madden NFL' Publicity Rights Putative Suit
(Respondents' opposition brief available. Document #78-160105-008B.)
On Jan. 6, 2015 the Ninth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals ruled that a California federal judge...
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Why do many Christians talk down on stuff like homeopathy?
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The new Olympic Channel brings you news, highlights, exclusive behind the scenes, live events and original programming, 24 hours a day, 365 days per year.
Highlights of the Men's Snowboard Slopestyle Final from the Rosa Khutor Extreme Park as the USA's Sage Kotsenburg wins the gold medal at the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympic Games.
Medal Winners:
Gold: Sage Kotsenburg (USA)Silver: Staale Sandbech (NOR)Bronze: Mark McMorris (CAN)


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LONDON (Reuters) - European stocks and the euro rose on Wednesday on optimism that policymakers will take major steps at a summit this weekend to tackle the festering debt crisis, offsetting the market impact of a cut in Spain's sovereign credit rating.
German Bund futures were lower as safe-haven government bonds were sold off on a report in Britain's Guardian newspaper that France and Germany had agreed on a deal to increase the euro zone bailout fund's firepower fivefold.
The reported agreement was later denied by two senior European Union officials.
Nevertheless, the FTSEurofirst 300 .FTEU3 index of top European shares was up 1 percent while world stocks as measured by the MSCI index .MIWD00000PUS were up 0.85 percent.
"It's interesting that despite the denial the market still wants to go higher, which implies the market does think there's something in the pipeline," said Jeremy Batstone-Carr, strategist at Charles Stanley, said.
"We'll see more whipsawing in the market in the run-up to Sunday."
The pan-European benchmark is up more than 13 percent from a September low with the latest gains driven by banking stocks. U.S. stock futures pointed to a mixed start on Wall Street with the S&P and Dow Jones futures both up 0.1 percent while the Nasdaq 100 was down 0.4 percent.
Investors were still cautious about the degree of progress policymakers will make at an EU summit on Sunday.
Carrying on from some low-key comments from German officials on Monday, Chancellor Angela Merkel said on Tuesday the meeting would be an important step but warned that one summit would not be enough to resolve the crisis.
Indeed, U.S. banks' earnings underscored the damage inflicted by the euro zone uncertainty and the financial market turmoil, with Goldman Sachs Group Inc (GS.N) posting its second quarterly loss as a public company on Tuesday. Morgan Stanley (MS.N) and American Express (AXP.N) are due to announce their results on Wednesday.
Moody's, one of the big three ratings agencies, on Tuesday cut Spain's sovereign rating by two notches, saying high levels of debt in the banking and corporate sectors leave the country vulnerable to funding stresses.
That followed a statement by Moody's on Monday saying that it would scrutinize its stable outlook on France's triple-A credit rating.
Despite the downgrade, the cost of insuring against a Spanish default fell, according to monitor Markit. Italian CDS prices also narrowed 14 basis points to 435 basis points.
The euro recovered earlier losses made on Moody's downgrade of Spain and was last up 0.9 percent at $1.3860. The dollar index .DXY, which measures the U.S. currency against six major currencies .DXY, was down 0.68 percent.
"The euro may have set itself up for a fall," said Jane Foley, senior currency strategist at Rabobank. "There is clear risk that this weekend's crucial leaders' meeting will provide disappointment."
Bund futures extended losses after a German 10-year bond sale met weak demand.
Investors also retreated from another safe-haven asset, gold. Spot gold was bid at $1,653.30 a troy ounce, down from $1,658.64 an ounce late on Tuesday in New York.
Additional reporting by Brian Gorman; Editing by Anna Willard


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This image shows a male Four Spotted Chaser with all the body and wing parts named and labelled.
The description of each body part can be found within the glossary of terms set out below.
By Chris Brooks
Glossary of Terms
Compound Eye - The dragonflies eyes are made up of many thousands of lenses.
Costa - A vein in the front edge of the wings. In some species this may be coloured.
Frons - A large and often coloured frontal part of the face. In the Golden Ringed Dragonfly this is a bright yellow.
Pterostigma - An coloured patch on the front edge of each wing. This can be elongated or fairly short and can range from black through various shades of brown to red.
Antehumeral Region - The upper surface of the thorax. Many species have coloured stripes in this region which are an aid to species identification.
Abdominal Segments - The abdomen is divided into clear segments which are also an aid to species identification. A segment may contain areas of unique marking or colour.
Superior Anal Appendage - Also known as claspers and used in the mating process.
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School BackpacksIn need of new Backpacks for School? School Backpacks from Proboardshop are available at the best prices! You could even save over 50% off your next backpack. Whether you're into street fashion or popular student gear, you can trust in Proboardshop to provide modern versatile School Backpacks. We'll ship out your new School Backpacks within 24 hours of your purchase. If you have any questions or comments, contact our excellent customer service representatives!
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Arc'teryx Granville Backpack
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MOVIE SYNOPSIS [ General Audiences ] With production of Denmark and Thailand, this film of 2013 has been directed by Trylle Vilstrup. You can watch Friends: Dolphin Cruise online on TV cable or theaters with original audio in English at different dates. This film premiered in theaters in 2013.
Rating: 5 by 5 users./
Runtime: 22 minutes
Raquel Christiana, Dorothy Elias-Fahn, Todd Haberkorn, Michelle Ruff, Elisa Schnebelie, Stephanie Sheh, Michael Sinterniklaas, Karen Strassman and Lucia Vecchio.
22-minute film (full movie) directed by Trylle Vilstrup.
The original audio of Friends: Dolphin Cruise has dialogues in Dolby Digital, it was produced in Denmark, Thailand.
It premiered in cinemas or television in 2013.
Screenplay written by Kim Duran.
Martin Rathschau Bekkersgaard Nielsen, Mads Munk, Ole Holm Christensen, Tanja Conway-Blake, Helle Rasmussen, Torsten Jacobsen and Vicky Kjaer Jensen.
This film was produced and / or financed by LEGO, Picture This Studio and M2Film.
Super RTL.
Without commercial breaks, the full movie Friends: Dolphin Cruise has a duration of 22 minutes; the official trailer can be watched in streaming on the Internet. You can watch this full movie free in EnglishDolby Digital in movie TV channels, renting the DVD or with VoD services (Video On Demand player, Hulu) and PPV (Pay Per View, Netflix).
See the page of this full movie, Friends: Dolphin Cruise in FULLTV Movies.


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We provide UK mobile phone operators with a full range of infrastructure support services from acquisition to E2E management of radio base stations.
Mobile broadband operators are continuously improving their networks to provide additional 4G coverage but perhaps more importantly to meet government targets in providing end users with higher data speeds.
As a result, our Telecoms services has expanded significantly to become a market leader and has the ability to deliver fast track projects through a combination of the following:
David Williamson-Jones
Strategic Projects
Savills Wimborne
+44 (0) 1202 856 971
+44 (0) 1202 856 971
Mick Willmott
Operations Director
Savills Telecom
Savills Stratford Upon Avon
+44 (0)1789 206457
+44 (0)1789 206457


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General Details
Mark Taylor is a Guitar repairer with nearly 40 years of experience and repairs. He upgrades and renovates guitars and other stringed instruments via his business Rocket Music Co. Mark provides repairs for a number of stores including The Rock Inn, Concept and Sound Centre and is also the authorized repairer for Taylor USA guitars, Maton, Gibson, Ephiphone, Burns Guitars and others.
These details were last updated on September 28, 2015


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California's Government Jobs
July 18, 2003
California is facing a fiscal crisis, partly as a result of spending increases in previous years. For example, according to Investor's Business Daily, state employees are well paid.
- The Los Angels Times noted recently that the average government worker in California makes $950 a week vs. $753 for workers in all industries combined.
- The San Francisco Chronicle found that the number of state employees making more than $100,000 rose fivefold from 1995 to the present.
- In the 1999-2000 school year, according to the American Federation of Teachers, California salaries averaged $47,680 and ranked sixth in the nation.
- Two years later, they were number one in the AFT survey at $54,348, a raise of 14 percent, the biggest jump in the country.
In California, government jobs not only pay well, but also remain largely immune to recession, says IBD.
Source: Editorial, "Another World," Investors Business Daily, July 16, 2003.
Browse more articles on Economic Issues


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New Home Ready for 1st owners!31 REVERE RUN - 1st floor is furnished & Decorated. Open Sundays 1-4 or by appointment. Maple cabinets and frigidaire ss appliances. Great wooded lot w/privacy fence and brick paver patio, fully landscaped. Quick access to Malta and Global foundaries. Energy Star Certified Home. Kohler plumbing fixtures. Low E Andersen Silverline windows, R38 insulation, Therma-Tru Doors. Seagull lighting fixtures, 5 panel crafstman doors, carriage style garage doors & much much more! Other plans available to build.
Listing information
- Year Built: 2011
- Status: Sold on 4/15/2011
- Parking Type Description: Attached 2 cars
- Total Square Footage: 1,897 ($137.32 per sq. foot)
- Estimated Annual Taxes: $5,500
- Property ID: 101485943
- Beds: 4
- Total Rooms: 8
- New Construction: No
- Below Ground Sq. Feet: 980
- County: Saratoga
- Style: Colonial
- Baths: 3 (Full: 2 3/4: 0 1/2: 1 Other: 0)
- Fireplaces: 1
- Foreclosure: No
- Lot Area: 0.25
- School District: Mechanicville
Age Description Actual
Appliances Dishwasher, Microwave, Range W Oven
Attic Hatch
Basement Full
Condition New, Superior
Exterior Vinyl
Exterior Features Lighting, Patio, Porch, Privacy Fence
Family Rm Fireplace Type Gas Fireplace
Garage Description Attached
Heat Fuel Natural Gas
Heat System Hot Air
Lot Description Landscaped, Treed Wooded
Master Bedroom Second Floor, Suite
Other Model - Benning, Possession - At Closing, Tax Id Section - 0, Tax Identification Block - 0, Tax Identification Lot - 0, Village - Mechanicville
Roof Asphalt Shingle
Sewer Public
Sign Yes
Survey Yes
Total Taxes Description Estimated
Water Public
Dining Room Main Level
Family Room Main Level
Kitchen Main Level
Laundry Main Level
Bedroom 2nd Level
Bedroom 2nd Level
Bedroom 2nd Level
Bedroom 2nd Level
Listed by Diane Van Alstyne of Coldwell Banker Prime Properties


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Tags Cloud
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How Old is Your Brain? Which brain do you think (or hope) you have? You can say it depends on how old you are. It's a fact that significant cognitive decline is NOT an inevitable consequence …
Enjoy these top five brain fuelling foods every day and prevent Alzheimer's, Dementia and slow your brain aging.
A new study sheds light on the association of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and longer life. Middle-aged mice given a high-BCAA diet were found to have their life spans increased by an average of 12 percent.
There is evidence that, by supplementing our own diets with BCAA, humans could achieve similar results. The oxidation and metabolic activity examined in this study is regulated by the same mechanism in both species. This could add another 10 healthy years to our lives..
Degenerative disc disease is a misnomer. It is neither degenerative nor a disease. The term "degenerative" is confusing, because it refers to the disc and not the symptoms. It was not meant to imply that the condition will get worse — though it often does. It is a condition produced by a damaged disc that may (but likely does not) produce pain.


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Unique Bridal Shower Invitations – Many websites that provide wedding invitation wording examples. But also actually many of them provide a "copy" of previous wedding invitation wording examples from another website. You can't find another unique wedding invitation wording examples. It's all a copies. In the end you need to create your own wedding invitation wording that will make your guests interesting to your party and unique so that it will unforgettable for some guests. You must create a unique, unique bridal shower invitations. How can?
You must be already imagined how your party would be like, it's absolutely must related with unique bridal shower invitations. If you are gothic rocker, then your party must be gothic themed and the artist would be a rockstar. Then if you are a business man or business woman, your party must be really formal with the glance of gold color and must be have a class. Okey, if your party is quite simple, you may don't have any specific thing in your party. Create this great if you wanna make bridal shower invitations.
Second is unique bridal shower invitations elements. In wedding invitation card there must be a templates and wording. The wording is really important. Wording is not as easy as people heard all this time. We must know about language, good handwriting and soon. And since we usually use casual themed party, then it must be not as formal as modern wedding style. You can find it on internet. But be careful of the theme! You must look beautiful bridal invitations in Beautiful Blank Bridal Shower Invitations.
Third is the design or templates. You can find unique bridal shower invitations on internet or just make a creation of your own. You can use a program in computer or ask your friend to help you make your own wedding templates from a computer program. But instead of making your own wedding invitations, you also can download from internet if you have no time to make it on your own. But still, you are recommended to make your own wedding invitation wording and search for a wedding invitation wording examples as you reference. Good luck on your wedding!
Title:Unique Bridal Shower Invitation Wording
Permalink: https://bridalshowerinvitation.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Unique-Bridal-Shower-Invitation-Wording.jpg
Back To Original Post: Unique Bridal Shower Invitations


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Red Flags?(6 Posts)
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Porsha Carrera in a pair of glasses taking facial cumblast
Duration: 1min 27sec Views: 6 441 Submitted: 2 years ago Submitted by:
Description: Round ass ebony babe Porsha Carrera has kept this black stud rock hard with her gorgeous body, her smelting hot chocolate pussy, and now she is reaping the rewards. She's getting a big facial all over her glasses.
Pornstars: Porsha Carrera


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Israel News
Middle East
American Politics
Edition française
Green Israel
Hassan Rohani370.
(photo credit:Reuters)
The election of cleric Hassan Rohani as president of Iran came as a shock to many analysts who thought that the Supreme Leader of Iran, Ali Khamenei, would have favored the more conservative candidates – Saeed Jalili or Muhammad Baqer Qalibaf.Khamenei, who wields ultimate authority, may have not been up to pushing through one of the more conservative candidates because it would have risked sparking protests like those in 2009 when Mahmoud Ahmadinejad beat a leader of the Green Movement, Mir Hussein Mousavi in what many thought was a fraudulent election win by Ahmadinejad.
By Gil Stern Stern HOFFMAN
By Gil Stern Stern HOFFMAN
Sponsored Content
By YONAH JEREMY BOB
By HERB KEINON
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VideoHive Digital Globe 03 8954546
Stock Footage \ Motion Graphic \ Elements \ Corporate
Glossy \ Layers \ Different \ Channel \ Seconds \ Looped \ Single \ Detailed
Motion Graphic - Digital Globe 03 8954546 by mateuszstaniszew @ VideoHive
Stock Footage \ Motion Graphic \ Elements \ Corporate
This is a high quality motion clip of an rotating glossy earth globe on close-up. The globe is very detailed and it's built from many different layers. The clip has alpha channel, it's looped and single loop takes 40 seconds in 25 fps.
Alpha Channel: Yes; Looped Video: Yes; Frame Rate: 25; Resolution: 1920x1080; Video Encoding: Photo PNG + Alpha; File Size: 750mb; Number of Clips: 1; Total Clip(s) Length: 0:40.
Water Pouring 02; Liquid Pouring 01; Server Room B-02; Guitar Set: Flying V (3-pack); Fire: Ring Start 02 (2-pack); Fire: Ring Start 01 (2-pack); Guitar Set: Explorer A (3-pack).
Keywords: corporate, digital, earth, globe, glossy, news, planet, silver.
Download Link