text:
Hebrews 10:8 After saying above, "SACRIFICES AND OFFERINGS AND WHOLE BURNT OFFERINGS AND sacrifices FOR SIN YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED, NOR HAVE YOU TAKEN PLEASURE in them" (which are offered according to the Law), (NASB: Lockman)
Greek: anoteron legon (PAPMSN) oti Thusias kai prosphoras kai olokautomata kai peri amartias ouk ethelesas (2SAAI) oude eudokesas, (2SAAI) aitines kata nomon prospherontai, (3PPPI)
Amplified: When He said just before, You have neither desired, nor have You taken delight in sacrifices and offerings and burnt offerings and sin offerings—all of which are offered according to the Law— (Amplified Bible - Lockman)
Barclay: At the beginning of this passage he says: "You did not desire sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt-offerings and sin-offerings and you took no pleasure in them," and it is such offerings as these that the law prescribes. (Westminster Press)
NLT: Christ said, "You did not want animal sacrifices or grain offerings or animals burned on the altar or other offerings for sin, nor were you pleased with them" (though they are required by the law of Moses). (NLT - Tyndale House)
Phillips: After saying, "Sacrifice and offering, burnt offerings, and offerings for sin you did not desire, nor had pleasure in them" (which are made according to the Law), (Phillips: Touchstone)
Wuest: Above, when saying, Sacrifice and offering and whole burnt offerings also for sin you did not desire nor even have pleasure in, which were of such a nature as those being offered according to law, (Eerdmans)
Young's Literal: saying above -- 'Sacrifice, and offering, and burnt-offerings, and concerning sin-offering Thou didst not will, nor delight in,' -- which according to the law are offered--
AFTER SAYING ABOVE SACRIFICES AND OFFERINGS AND WHOLE BURNT OFFERINGS AND SACRIFICES FOR SIN THOU HAST NOT DESIRED NOR HAST THOU TAKEN PLEASURE IN THEM WHICH ARE OFFERED ACCORDING TO THE LAW: anoteron legon (PAPMSN) hoti thusias kai prosphoras kai holokautomata : peri hamartias ouk ethelesas (2SAAI) oude eudokesas (2SAAI) aitines kata nomon prospherontai,(3PPPI):
After saying above - In Hebrews 10:8-9 the writer again quotes from Ps 40:6, 7, 8, but this time in a condensed form.
Wuest - "Above" refers back to Heb 10:5. The writer shows the incompetence of animal sacrifices to satisfy the will of God, and the setting aside of the same in order that room might be made for that Sacrifice which will permanently satisfy His holy requirements. When Messiah offers Himself as the sacrifice, God takes away the First Testament and brings in the second or the New Testament. And this is the argument of the Book of Hebrews. (Hebrews Commentary online)
Saying (3004) (lego) means to speak or talk, with an apparent focus upon content of what is said. Present tense indicates continually saying which would refer to the enduring character of any and all of God's Word (Mt 24:35, Mk 13:31, Lk 21:33)
Above (511) (anoteros) is the comparative of ano (above) and can mean above or preceding as in this verse (a higher place in the written column) or higher, better or more honorable place at the table as in the only other NT use (Lk 14:10). Anoteros is first in the Greek sentence for emphasis.
Albert Barnes writes that…
Sacrifices and offerings - Earle remarks that "These words may carelessly be thought of as synonymous. But they are not. The first, prosphora, literally means "something brought to." It aptly describes an "offering," which was "brought to" the altar. It might be composed of meal or oil, or even be a drink offering. On the other hand, "sacrifice" is thusia… Christ was both. It takes all the offerings of the OT—described in detail in the early chapters of Leviticus—to typify the many-sided work of Christ in His redemption of humanity." (Word Meanings in the New Testament)
Sacrifices (2378) (thusia/thysia from thuo/thyo = to slay, sacrifice or kill a sacrificial victim; to bring a religious offering to a deity) refers literally to animal sacrifices that were slain and offered on the altar.
Homer (about nine centuries before Christ) used thusia to describe the "smoke or burnt offering." Later the sense of thusia was broadened to mean the actual slaying of a sacrifice. According to Pindar, thusia was the very ritual of sacrifice, the religious service in which a sacrifice was brought.
NIDNTT notes that in classic Greek usage the verb form thuo (which has been in use since Homer some 9 centuries prior to Christ)…
has in secular Gk. the basic meaning of to sacrifice, though originally in connexion with the smoke-offering it meant to smoke, and in particular, in the active form, to offer a smoking or a burnt sacrifice (Homer, Il. 9, 219; Xen., Cyr. 8, 7, 3). Because sacrificial animals or portions of animals-and human beings also-were burnt, thyo also assumed the meaning to slaughter for cultic ends (Hdt., 1, 216; Eur., Iph. Taur. 621). The noun thysia (since Pindar) signifies the ritual of sacrifice as well as the sacrificial animal or any other similar sacrificial gift (Hdt., 4, 60; Thuc., 8, 70). (Brown, Colin, Editor. New International Dictionary of NT Theology. 1986. Zondervan - excellent resource for in depth word studies)
Thusia is used figuratively in the NT. Thusia refers to the death of Christ as an offering of Himself to God (Ep 5:2-note). Thusia is used to refer to the volitional choice of a believer to make a consecration or surrender of one's whole life unto God (Ro 12:1-note). thusia refers to the believer's offering of praise and good deeds (He 13:16-note) to God, an offering that is acceptable to God only through Jesus, only on the basis of His shed blood (He 13:15-note). Peter concurs saying we are "to offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ." (1Pe 2:5-note)
Someone once said that "Sacrifice is the ecstasy of giving the best we have to the one we love the most."
Detzler notes that…
In the Septuagint Greek Old Testament, this word (thusia) was used to describe the Jewish sacrificial system. It also characterized the action of bringing a sacrifice. In fact, most of the major characters in the Old Testament brought sacrifices. Among them were: Noah (Ge 8:20), Abraham (Ge 12:6), Isaac (Ge 26:25), Jacob (Ge 33:20), Moses (Ex. 17:15), Elijah (1Ki 18:31), and David (2Sa 24:18)…
The words (thusia/thuo - Thuo = 14x in 13v - Mt 22:4; Mk 14:12; Lk 15:23, 27, 30; 22:7; Jn 10:10; Ac 10:13; 11:7; 14:13, 18; 1Co 5:7; 10:20) pertaining to sacrifice occur about 40 times in the Greek New Testament. Jesus gave basic teaching about the priority of sacrifice. In the Sermon on the Mount He warned against bringing a sacrifice when there is sin in one's life (Mt 5:23, 24). Later on He chided some Pharisees, because they substituted sacrifices for mercy (He 9:13; 12:7). When sacrifices were turned into commerce and exploited for personal gain, Jesus struck out literally and expelled the animal salesmen from the temple (Jn 21:12-17). Nevertheless, the earthly parents of Jesus, Joseph and Mary, brought a sacrifice at the time of Jesus' temple dedication (Lk 2:24). Their sacrifice was sincere.
In the Book of Acts, the church moved away from the Jewish sacrificial system. The early Christians realized that Jesus Christ had brought the only perfect Sacrifice, Himself.
It was the perversion of the old sacrifices, the offering to a golden calf, that Stephen condemned in his last sermon (Ac 7:41). The Apostle Paul fulfilled his vow and brought a sacrifice when he returned to Jerusalem at the end of his missionary journeys (Ac 21:26).
The Epistles emphasize the perfection of Christ's sacrifice, and the effectiveness of His death on our behalf. The theme is sounded in Romans, where Paul proclaimed that the sacrificed Saviour made us right with God (Ro 3:23-note, Ro 3:24-note, Ro 3:25-note).
It is in Hebrews, however, that this theme is fully developed. The priesthood of Christ is built on the idea of His atoning sacrifice (He 2:17-note). Part of the priestly task was sacrifice, which was exemplified perfectly in Christ (He 5:1-9). Not only did Christ present Himself as a sacrifice, but His sacrifice was once for all (He 7:27-note). Animal sacrifices could never cleanse one's conscience, but Christ's sacrifice could (He 9:9-14). On the basis of His sacrifice, Christ now exercises an intercessory ministry on our behalf (He 10:11, 12-note).
Because Christ sacrificed Himself on our behalf, Christians are also told to make sacrifices. They should present their bodies as living sacrifices to God (Ro 12:1-2). Their daily lives of separation from sin are an imitation, though a pale one, of the sacrifice of Christ (Ep 5:2-note). When Christians financially support the ministry, they also bring sacrifices to the Lord (Php 4:18-note). In fact, all Christians are priests designated to bring spiritual sacrifices to the Lord (1Pe 2:5-note, 1Pe 2:9-note).
Because of the deep significance attached to the sacrifice of Christ, the New Testament is strong in condemning sacrifices to idols. At the Jerusalem Council all of the apostolic leaders agreed to denounce sacrifices to idols (Acts 15:29). Paul insisted that idols were no gods at all; in fact they were nothing but bits of wood or stone (1Co 8:1, 4, 7).
Since Christ has been sacrificed, all other religious sacrifices are out of date. The only acceptable sacrifice is the sacrifice of worship and service which dedicated believers bring to their Lord. (NT Words)
Thusia - 28x in the NT -
Matthew 9:13 "But go and learn what this means: 'I DESIRE COMPASSION, AND NOT SACRIFICE,' for I did not come to call the righteous, but sinners."
Comment: This verse is an excellent "commentary" on Hebrews 10:8 - God took no delight in sacrifices as such if they were not the product of a proper attitude. The same comment would apply to the next two uses of thusia below.
Matthew 12:7 "But if you had known what this means, 'I DESIRE COMPASSION, AND NOT A SACRIFICE,' you would not have condemned the innocent.
Mark 12:33 AND TO LOVE HIM WITH ALL THE HEART AND WITH ALL THE UNDERSTANDING AND WITH ALL THE STRENGTH, AND TO LOVE ONE'S NEIGHBOR AS HIMSELF, is much more than all burnt offerings and sacrifices."
Luke 2:24 (Context Jesus' parents offering sacrifice - Lk 2:22, 23) and to offer a sacrifice according to what was said in the Law of the Lord, "A PAIR OF TURTLEDOVES OR TWO YOUNG PIGEONS."
Luke 13:1 Now on the same occasion there were some present who reported to Him about the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mixed with their sacrifices.
MacArthur comments: Evidently, some worshipers from Galilee were condemned by Rome—perhaps because they were seditious zealots (see Mt 10:4)—and were sought out and killed in the temple by Roman authorities while in the process of offering a sacrifice. Such a killing would have been the grossest sort of blasphemy. Incidents like this inflamed the Jews' hatred of Rome and finally led to rebellion, and the destruction of Jerusalem in a.d. 70. (MacArthur, J.: The MacArthur Study Bible Nashville: Word)
Acts 7:41 "At that time they made a calf and brought a sacrifice to the idol, and were rejoicing in the works of their hands. 42 "But God turned away and delivered them up to serve the host of heaven; as it is written in the book of the prophets, 'IT WAS NOT TO ME THAT YOU OFFERED VICTIMS AND SACRIFICES FORTY YEARS IN THE WILDERNESS, WAS IT, O HOUSE OF ISRAEL?
Comment: From the outset when Israel was solemnly given the law, they rebelled against the Giver and only Living God and willfully turned to worthless and lifeless idols.
Romans 12:1-note Therefore I urge you, brethren, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies a living and holy sacrifice, acceptable to God, which is your spiritual service of worship.
John Sutherland Bonnell - "Take that gift God has entrusted to you, and use it in the service of Christ and your fellowmen. He will make it glow and shine like the very stars of heaven."
John Benton - Sacrifice is the giving up of something we genuinely value in order to express our devotion to God.
Jim Elliot - He is no fool who gives what he cannot keep to gain what he cannot lose.
C T Studd - If Jesus Christ be God and died for me, then no sacrifice can be too great for me to make for him.
Amy Carmichael poetically pictures the living and holy sacrifice of Romans 12:1 in her famous poem…
Give me the love that leads the way,
1 Corinthians 10:18 Look at the nation Israel; are not those who eat the sacrifices sharers in the altar?
Ephesians 5:2-note and walk in love, just as Christ also loved you and gave Himself up for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God as a fragrant aroma.
Philippians 2:17-note But even if I am being poured out as a drink offering upon the sacrifice and service of your faith, I rejoice and share my joy with you all.
Vine comments that thusia: "here stands for the victim, not for the act of sacrificing. While in one aspect the believers were the sacrifice, as being consecrated to God, each being "a living sacrifice," and that by reason of their faith, yet in Paul's view here they were the offerers, their faith was the sacrifice, and Paul was the libation." (Vine, W. Collected writings of W. E. Vine. Nashville: Thomas Nelson or)
R. G. LeTourneau (read his bio!) (1888-1969) was a man who typifies "the sacrifice" of his faith. Having become a multi-millionaire from the invention and production of earth-moving machinery he used his machinery and money to build roads in Latin America to open the jungle for missionary advance. He founded a Christian university in LeTourneau College in Longview, Texas (one of my disciples opens each morning's class with the sola Scriptura devotional of the day - Daily Light indicating LeTourneau U. has not drifted from its Christian moorings!). LeTourneau's legacy included building large Christian and Missionary Alliance Churches at Lima. Though LeTourneau made millions, he gave nine-tenths of it to the Lord's work (so much for the "tithe"!), setting a high standard for the sacrifice of faith! As F B Meyer once said (and as proven truth in LeTourneau's life and continuing legacy) "God will be our compensation for every sacrifice we have made."
The famous orphanage founder and man of prayer George Mueller said that "Self-denial is not so much an impoverishment as a postponement: we make a sacrifice of present good for the sake of a future and greater good."
Philippians 4:18-note But I have received everything in full and have an abundance; I am amply supplied, having received from Epaphroditus what you have sent, a fragrant aroma, an acceptable sacrifice, well-pleasing to God.
Hebrews 5:1-note For every high priest taken from among men is appointed on behalf of men in things pertaining to God, in order to offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins;
Hebrews 7:27-note who does not need daily, like those high priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for His own sins and then for the sins of the people, because this He did once for all when He offered up Himself.
Hebrews 8:3-note For every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices; so it is necessary that this high priest also have something to offer.
Hebrews 9:9-note which is a symbol for the present time. Accordingly both gifts and sacrifices are offered which cannot make the worshiper perfect in conscience,
Hebrews 9:23-note Therefore it was necessary for the copies of the things in the heavens to be cleansed with these, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.
Hebrews 9:26-note Otherwise, He would have needed to suffer often since the foundation of the world; but now once at the consummation of the ages He has been manifested to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself.
Hebrews 10:1-note For the Law, since it has only a shadow of the good things to come and not the very form of things, can never, by the same sacrifices which they offer continually year by year, make perfect those who draw near.
Hebrews 10:5-note Therefore, when He comes into the world, He says, "SACRIFICE AND OFFERING YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED, BUT A BODY YOU HAVE PREPARED FOR ME;
Hebrews 10:8-note After saying above, "SACRIFICES AND OFFERINGS AND WHOLE BURNT OFFERINGS AND sacrifices FOR SIN YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED, NOR HAVE YOU TAKEN PLEASURE in them" (which are offered according to the Law),
Hebrews 10:11-note Every priest stands daily ministering and offering time after time the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins;
Hebrews 10:12-note but He, having offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, SAT DOWN AT THE RIGHT HAND OF GOD,
Hebrews 10:26-note For if we go on sinning willfully after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins,
Hebrews 11:4-note By faith Abel offered to God a better sacrifice than Cain, through which he obtained the testimony that he was righteous, God testifying about his gifts, and through faith, though he is dead, he still speaks.
Hebrews 13:15-note Through Him then, let us continually offer up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of lips that give thanks to His name. 16 And do not neglect doing good and sharing, for with such sacrifices God is pleased.
1 Peter 2:5-note you also, as living stones, are being built up as a spiritual house for a holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.
Thusia - 295x in the non-apocryphal Septuagint (LXX) (Often rendered offering in NAS) - Gen 4:3, 5; 31:54; 46:1; Ex 10:25; 12:27; 18:12; 24:5; 29:34, 41f; 30:9; 32:6; Lev 1:9, 13, 17; 2:1ff, 13ff; 3:1, 3, 6, 9; 4:10, 26, 31, 35; 5:13; 6:14f, 20f, 23; 7:9ff, 15ff, 20f, 29, 32, 34, 37; 9:4, 17f; 10:12, 14; 14:10, 20f, 31; 17:5, 7f; 19:5; 21:6, 21; 22:21, 29; 23:13, 16, 18f, 37; 26:31; Num 4:16; 5:15, 18, 25f; 6:15, 17f; 7:13, 17, 19, 23, 25, 29, 31, 35, 37, 41, 43, 47, 49, 53, 55, 59, 61, 65, 67, 71, 73, 77, 79, 83, 87f; 8:8; 10:10; 15:3ff, 8f, 24; 16:15; 23:3, 15; 25:2; 28:5, 8f, 13, 20, 26, 28, 31; 29:3, 6, 9, 11, 14, 16, 18f, 21f, 24f, 27f, 30f, 33f, 37ff; Deut 12:27; 27:7; 32:38; 33:19; Josh 8:30; 22:23, 26ff; Judg 6:18; 13:19, 23; 1Sa 1:21, 24; 2:17, 19, 29; 3:14; 6:15; 9:12f; 10:8; 11:15; 15:22; 16:3, 5; 20:6, 29; 26:19; 2Sa 14:17; 1 Kgs 8:62ff; 12:27; 18:29; 2 Kgs 3:20; 10:19, 21; 16:13, 15; 1 Chr 9:31; 21:23; 23:29; 29:21; 2 Chr 7:1, 5, 12; 29:31; 30:22; 31:2; 33:16; Ezra 7:17; 9:4f; Neh 10:33; Job 1:5; 20:6; Ps 4:5; 20:3; 27:6; 40:6; 50:5, 8, 14, 23; 51:16f, 19; 96:8; 106:28; 107:22; 116:17; 141:2; Prov 7:14; 15:8; 16:7; 21:3, 27; Eccl 5:1; Isa 1:11; 19:21; 34:6; 43:23f; 56:7; 57:6f; 65:4; 66:20; Jer 6:20; 7:21f; 14:12; 17:26; 46:10; Ezek 39:17, 19; 42:13; 44:11, 15, 29; 45:15, 17, 24; 46:5; Dan 2:46; 4:1; 8:11ff; 9:21, 25; 11:31; 12:11; Hos 3:4; 6:6; 8:13; 9:4; Joel 1:9, 13; 2:14; Amos 4:4; 5:22, 25; Jonah 1:16; Zeph 1:7f; 3:10; Zech 9:1; Mal 1:8, 10f, 13; 2:12f; 3:3f
Offerings (4376) (phosphora from pros = toward, before + phero = to bring or bear) literally is "a bringing before" and thus describes the act of offering or a bringing to and metonymically to that which is offered (a gift, a present).
The major Scriptural use of prosphora is found in Hebrews 10 (5x) and thus it behooves one to study these passages in context to derive a good sense of the meaning of the word.
Phosphora - 9x in 9v - offering(6), offerings(2), sacrifice(1).
Acts 21:26 Then Paul took the men, and the next day, purifying himself along with them, went into the temple giving notice of the completion of the days of purification, until the sacrifice was offered for each one of them.
Acts 24:17 "Now after several years I came to bring alms to my nation and to present offerings;
Romans 15:16-note to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles, ministering as a priest the gospel of God, so that my offering of the Gentiles may become acceptable, sanctified by the Holy Spirit.
Ephesians 5:2-note and walk in love, just as Christ also loved you and gave Himself up for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God as a fragrant aroma.
Hebrews 10:5-note Therefore, when He comes into the world, He says, "SACRIFICE AND OFFERING YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED, BUT A BODY YOU HAVE PREPARED FOR ME;
Hebrews 10:8-note After saying above, "SACRIFICES AND OFFERINGS AND WHOLE BURNT OFFERINGS AND sacrifices FOR SIN YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED, NOR HAVE YOU TAKEN PLEASURE in them" (which are offered according to the Law),
Hebrews 10:10-note By this will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
Hebrews 10:14-note For by one offering He has perfected for all time those who are sanctified.
Hebrews 10:18-note Now where there is forgiveness of these things, there is no longer any offering for sin.
Prosphora - 4x in the Septuagint - 1Ki 7:34; Ps 39:7; Da 3:38; 4:37
Whole burnt offerings (3646) (holokautoma) refers to a victim the whole (and not like other victims only a part) of which is burned (Latin holocaustum). This word is used in the Septuagint The Septuagint Ex 30:20; Lev 5:12; 23:8,25,21).
Sin (266) (hamartia [word study] literally conveys the sense of missing the mark as when hunting with a bow and arrow (in Homer some hundred times of a warrior hurling his spear but missing his foe). Later hamartia came to mean missing or falling short of any goal, standard, or purpose. Ryrie adds that "this is not only a negative idea but includes the positive idea of hitting some wrong mark."
(Not = absolute negation) Desired (2309) (thelo) means first resolved, determined, or purposed, then to desire or wish and as here in Hebrews to take delight or have pleasure (cp Col 2:18, Mt 9:13, 12:7 [Lxx of Ho 6:6], Lxx Ps 112:1, 147:10, Ezek 18:32).
Have you taken pleasure (2106) (eudokeo [word study] from eu = well, good + dokeo = to think) means literally to think well of and so to be well pleased, to take pleasure or delight in (This is the meaning of eudokeo in this passage albeit in a negative sense). The idea is to find satisfaction in something or someone or to view with approval. To delight means to take great pleasure, to give keen enjoyment, to provide a high degree of gratification, something God did not do with the sacrifices and offerings (for reasons discussed elsewhere).
Wiersbe explains this easily confused statement… This does not suggest that the old sacrifices were wrong, or that sincere worshipers received no benefit from obeying God's Law. It only means that God had no delight in sacrifices as such, apart from the obedient hearts of the worshipers. No amount of sacrifices could substitute for obedience (1Sa 15:22, Ps. 51:16, 17; Is 1:11, 19; Je 6:19, 20; Ho 6:6; Am 5:20, 21). (Wiersbe, W: Bible Exposition Commentary - New Testament. 1989. Victor)
Spurgeon - If we had to render to God something by which we should be accepted, we should be always in jeopardy. But now, since we are accepted "in the beloved" (Eph 1:6-note), we are safe beyond all hazard. Had we to find that with which we should appear before the Most High God, we might still be asking, "Shall I approach him with burnt offerings, with bull calves a year old? Will Yahweh be pleased with thousands of rams, with myriads of rivers of oil?" (Micah 6:6-7-note) nor did you delight in An end was made of the types and shadows of the ceremonial law, that the real substance might be introduced by Christ. Never imagine that the old Jewish ceremonial law is to drag on its existence and to be intermingled with the Christian dispensation. No! As the shadows of the night vanish when the sun arises, as the lamps in the street are put out when daylight returns, so was it with all the types and shadows of the ancient law when the great Antitype appeared.
Simon J. Kistemaker helps us understand God's displeasure at the sacrifices which were according to the Law by taking us…
back to the beginning of human history recorded in Genesis. God looked with favor on the offering that Abel brought him, but with disfavor on Cain's offering. Why was Abel's offering—"fat portions from some of the firstborn of his flock"—acceptable, and the offering of Cain—"some of the fruits of the soil"—unacceptable (Ge 4:3, 4, 5)? The writer of Hebrews answers by saying,
By faith Abel offered God a better sacrifice than Cain did. By faith he was commended as a righteous man, when God spoke well of his offerings (He 11:4-note).
The author of Hebrews asserts not that God has an aversion to offerings presented to him, but that sacrifices offered without faith and obedience are an abomination (Is 1:11, 12, 13, 14-note; Amos 5:21, 22). Through Hosea God says to Israel,
For I desire mercy, not sacrifice, and acknowledgment of God rather than burnt offerings" (Ho 6:6). (Baker New Testament Commentary – Exposition of Thessalonians, the Pastorals, and Hebrews) (Bolding added)
Offered (4374) (prosphero from prós = to, toward + phéro = bring) means to carry or bring something into the presence of someone usually implying a transfer of something to that person carry to. It refers to an offering, whether of gifts, prayers, or sacrifices.
According to the Law - The writer describes God's displeasure over sacrifices but adds that they are according to the Law, just in case his Jewish audience might think he is referring to sacrifices such as the pagans who did not know God offered to dumb idols who are no gods. No, the writer is referring to the very sacrifices God Himself had ordained in the OT.
William Gurnall echoed the thoughts of the writer of Hebrews 10:8 when he said… Sacrifice without obedience is sacrilege.
Stedman notes that… That none of his readers should miss this important point the writer takes pains to indicate clearly, in Hebrews 10:8, 9, 10, the meaning of the quote from Psalm 40. He acknowledges that though God authorized the animal sacrifices of the past, He did not delight in them. Then he stresses the fact that Christ deliberately set Himself to do the will of the Father, though He knew it would lead to pain and separation. Intimations of Gethsemane are certainly present in these words, though it was on the Cross that they were fully carried out. Here the writer also declares that the death of Jesus, by fulfilling the will of the Father, completely replaces the provision of animal deaths which had provided some degree of forgiveness before. Finally, he announces the only possible conclusion: it is by the fulfillment of the will of God in the once-for-all sacrifice of Jesus Christ (note the double name, only here in Hebrews) that we (all believers) have been made holy. The Greek expression for made holy indicates action with a lasting effect. We have been made holy by the death of Jesus, and we remain holy even though we struggle with daily weakness and sin. This should be borne in mind when we come to the statement in He 12:14 (see note), "without holiness no one will see the Lord." It is a holiness obtained by faith, not by self-righteous effort, and it is not lost by momentary failure. "There is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus!" (Ro 8:1-note). (Hebrews 10:1-39 Let Us Go On!)
Hebrews 10:9 then He said, "BEHOLD, I HAVE COME TO DO YOUR WILL." He takes away the first in order to establish the second. (NASB: Lockman)
Greek: tote eireken, (3SRAI) Idou (5628) eko (1SPAI) tou poiesai (AAN) to thelema sou. anairei (3SPAI) to proton ina to deuteron stese; (3SAAS)
Amplified: He then went on to say, Behold, [here] I am, coming to do Your will. Thus He does away with and annuls the first (former) order [as a means of expiating sin] so that He might inaugurate and establish the second (latter) order. [Ps. 40:6-8.](Amplified Bible - Lockman)
Barclay: Then he went on to say: "Behold, I come to do your will." He abolishes the kind of offering referred to in the first quotation in order to establish the kind of offering referred to in the second. (Westminster Press)
NLT: Then he added, "Look, I have come to do your will." He cancels the first covenant in order to establish the second.(NLT - Tyndale House)
Phillips: Christ then says, "Behold, I have come to do your will, O God." That means he is dispensing with the old order of sacrifices, and establishing a new order of obedience to the will of God, (Phillips: Touchstone)
Wuest: then He said, Behold, I come to do your will. He takes away the first [testament] in order that He may establish the second [testament], (Eerdmans)
Young's Literal: then he said, 'Lo, I come to do, O God, Thy will;' he doth take away the first that the second he may establish;
THEN HE SAID, "BEHOLD, I HAVE COME TO DO THY WILL HE TAKES AWAY THE FIRST IN ORDER TO ESTABLISH THE SECOND: tote eireken (3SRAI): idou heko (1SPAI) tou poiesai (AAN) to thelema sou anairei (3SPAI) to proton hina to deuteron stese (3SAAS): (He 9:11, 12, 13, 14) (He 7:18,19; 8:7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13; 12:27,28)
Behold - This is a clarion call attention to something external or exterior to oneself; usually used at the beginning of a clause. Spurgeon says "Behold is a word of wonder; it is intended to excite admiration. Wherever you see it hung out in Scripture, it is like an ancient sign-board, signifying that there are rich wares within, or like the hands which solid readers have observed in the margin of the older Puritanic books, drawing attention to something particularly worthy of observation."
Spurgeon - He came cheerfully among the sons of men. You who are sent of Christ must always go gladly to your service; never look as if you were driven to the field like oxen that do not love the plough. God does not delight in a slavish spirit. If we serve Christ because of the yoke of duty, we shall serve badly. But when our service is our pleasure, when we thank God that to us is this grace given that we should "proclaim the good news of the fathomless riches of Christ to the Gentiles" (Eph 3:8), then we shall labor wisely, zealously, and acceptably.
Will (2307)(thelema from thelo = to will with the "-ma" suffix indicating the result of the will = "a thing willed") generally speaks of the result of what one has decided. One sees this root word in the feminine name "Thelma." In its most basic form, thelema refers to a wish, a strong desire, and the willing of some event. (Note: See also the discussion of the preceding word boule for comments relating to thelema).
Zodhiates says that thelema is the…
Will, not to be conceived as a demand, but as an expression or inclination of pleasure towards that which is liked, that which pleases and creates joy. When it denotes God's will, it signifies His gracious disposition toward something. Used to designate what God Himself does of His own good pleasure. (Zodhiates, S. The Complete Word Study Dictionary: New Testament. AMG or)
Thelema has both an objective meaning ("what one wishes to happen" or what is willed) and a subjective connotation ("the act of willing or desiring"). The word conveys the idea of desire, even a heart's desire, for the word primarily expresses emotion instead of volition. Thus God's will is not so much God's intention, as it is His heart's desire.
Thelema - 62x in 58v - Mt 6:10; 7:21; 12:50; 18:14; 21:31; 26:42; Mark 3:35; Luke 12:47; 22:42; 23:25; Jn 1:13; 4:34; 5:30; 6:38, 39, 40; 7:17; 9:31; Acts 13:22; 21:14; 22:14; Ro 1:10-note; Ro 2:18-note; Ro 12:2-note; Ro 15:32-note; 1Cor 1:1; 7:37; 16:12; 2Cor 1:1; 8:5; Gal 1:4; Ep 1:1-note, Ep 1:5-note, Ep 1:9-note, Ep 1:11-note; Ep 2:3-note; Ep 5:17-note; Ep 6:6-note; Col 1:1-note, Col 1:9-note; Col 4:12-note; 1Th 4:3-note; 1Th 5:18-note; 2Ti 1:1-note; 2Ti 2:26-note; He 10:7-note, He 10:9-note, He 10:10-note, He 10:36-note; He 13:21-note; 1Pe 2:15-note; 1Pe 3:17-note; 1Pe 4:2-note, 1Pe 4:19-note; 2Pe 1:21-note; 1Jn 2:17; 5:14; Rev 4:11-note. NAS = desire(1), desires(1), will(57).
Takes away (337) (anaireo from aná = an emphatic or up + haireo = to take) means literally to take up or lift up or away. Figuratively, it means to take away violently and so to put to death, kill, slay, murder. In this verse anaireo means to do away with or remove the validation of something, specifically the first covenant or old covenant. The idea is to invalidate it, the process of invalidation implying making something powerless or unacceptable by declaration of its logical or moral or legal unsoundness.
Anaireo - 24x in 23v - Matt 2:16; Luke 22:2; 23:32; Acts 2:23; 5:33, 36; 7:21, 28; 9:23f, 29; 10:39; 12:2; 13:28; 16:27; 22:20; 23:15, 21, 27; 25:3; 26:10; 2 Thess 2:8; Heb 10:9. NAS = do away(1), executed(1), kill(4), killed(2), put… to death(8), put to death(3), slain(1), slay(3), slaying(1), slew(1), takes away(1), took… away(1).
Phil Newton comments…
First (4413) (protos) is used in this context to refer to the first in time and/or first in a series. Sometimes protos implies superior, but in this context that is clearly not the meaning.
Establish (2476) (histemi) means to stand and here to make firm, to fix and so to establish.
Second (1308) (deuteros) refers to the second in time or order and in context refers to the second or new covenant. The second is elsewhere described as the better covenant for it accomplishes for sinners what the first could never accomplish but only point us toward -- the need for a Savior.
What is the first? He is referring to the first covenant, not the Abrahamic but the Mosaic. As Paul taught in Romans, believers are now no longer under the Law but have been made to die to the Law and thus are released from the Law…
This truth about the believer's new relationship with the Law does not mean we are lawless because in fact in the New Covenant the Law is actually written upon our hearts Jeremiah prophesying of this new covenant writing that…
The Old (First) Covenant was in a sense a covenant dealing with shadows, the substance of which was fulfilled in Christ in the New Covenant. The first was thus like a 2,000 year "picture book" and we all know how children love to look at picture books when first learning!
Spurgeon - He takes away the type because the great Antitype has come. He abolishes the offering of bullocks, and goats, and lambs, because He has come whom they all foreshadowed. There is a first in order that there may be a second. The first has to be taken away when it has fulfilled its design in order that then we may enter upon the second. Some lower good precedes the higher. When the lower good has educated us for the higher, then it is removed and the greater blessing fills its place.
From F B Meyer, Our Daily Homily… He taketh away the first, that He may establish the second.
ON the word, A body didst thou prepare for Me, as the expression of God's claim, there follows now in the Psalm that other on the surrender to that claim--Lo, I am come to do Thy will In this, the doing of God's will, we have the destiny of the creature, the blessedness of heaven, the inmost secret of redemption. In this consists the worth of Christ's sacrifice, and this alone is the reason why His blood prevails. The path He opened up to God, the path He walked in and we walk in, to enter the Holiest, is--I am come to do Thy will It is through God's will alone we enter in to God Himself. The central blessing, Jesus, the Mediator of the new covenant, gives us, when He gives us Himself, is a heart in which the will of God lives.
We have more than once spoken of the two aspects of Christ's death--substitution with the atonement it wrought, and fellowship with the conformity it brings. The two are inseparably connected. As long as we look to the substitution simply as an act accomplished outside of us, without seeking to know its inner nature and meaning, the fellowship and conformity of Christ's death will be an impossibility. But as we enter into the real meaning of the death for us and in our stead, to that which constituted its divine life and power, we shall find that death and the life out of death becomes ours in truth, laying hold of us, and bringing us into the true life-fellowship with our blessed Leader and Forerunner; we shall see and experience that what was to Him the way into the Holiest will be to us the only but the certain, the living way thither.
Lo, I am come to do Thy will, O God. "He humbled Himself, and became obedient--therefore God hath highly exalted Him." Because God is the all-perfect fountain of life and goodness and blessing, there can be no life or goodness or blessing but in His will. The whole evil and ruin of sin is that man turned from God's will to do his own. The redemption of Christ had no reason, no object, and no possibility of success, except in restoring man to do God's will. It was for this Jesus died. He gave up His own will; He gave His life, rather than do His own will. It was this that gave value to His bearing our sins, with their curse and consequences, to His tasting death for every man. It was this that gave such infinite worth to His blood. It was this that made Him a real propitiation for the sins of the world. And it is this we are made partakers of--first, as an obedience for the sake of which we are made righteous; but, further also, in the fellowship of the very spirit of the death and the life in which He entered the presence of God. I come to do Thy will, is the way into the Holiest, for Him and for us.
By which will we have been sanctified. By which will as willed by God, as done and fulfilled by Christ in His one offering, as accepted by us in faith. When we accept Christ, the will of God wrought out in Christ on our behalf, is accepted by us too; it becomes the power that rules in our life by the Holy Spirit. In which will, not as a dead past transaction, or as the mere performance of a certain work to be done, but as a living eternal reality restoring man into God's will in living power, this it is in which we have the new and living way to God.
In which will we have been sanctified. Sanctification in this Epistle is a word of larger meaning than what is meant by that title in ordinary Church doctrine. It includes all that is implied in bringing us into living fellowship with God. He is the Holy One. His life is His holiness. The inner sanctuary to which we enter in, is the Holiness of Holinesses. In Hebrews 2. we read: Both He that sanctifieth, and they who are sanctified are all of one. Our sanctification is rooted in our oneness with Jesus. In the which will we are sanctified, delivered from the power of sin and this evil world, brought into fellowship with the Holy One, and fitted for entering the Holiest of All.
In the which will we have been sanctified through the offer. Lug of the body of Jesus Christ. His offering has such power, because it was the doing of the will of God, the entering into the will of God, and through it into the holiness of God, into the very Holiest of All. And now, as no one but Christ had power of Himself to say, go, I am come to do Thy will, so no one can speak thus, or live thus, but because the divine nature of Christ is truly born and formed within him, and is become the life of his life and the spirit of his Spirit. It is thus that His priesthood manifests His power to bring us nigh to God.
Fellow-Christian! hast thou learnt to believe and to regard thyself as sanctified in the will of God as done by Jesus, admitted to the fellowship of the Holy One? Is not this possibly the reason that thou hast not yet entered the rest of God within the veil, because thou hast never, in accepting Christ, accepted that which really constitutes Him the Christ? He is the Christ who came to do the will of God--this constitutes Him a Saviour. Oh, come and believe that this is what He did for thee and on thy behalf, that thou mightest be able to do it too. The new and living way into the Holiest, which Jesus as Leader and Forerunner hath opened up, is the way of a body prepared for me by God, a body offered to Him, and a life given to do His will. As I say with Jesus, I am come to do Thy will, I have no other object in life, for this alone I live, I shall with Him abide in God's presence.
1. The only way to God is through the will of God. A truth so simple and self-evident! and yet so deep and spiritual that but few fully apprehend it. Yes, this is the way, the only way, the new and living way into the Holiest which Jesus opened up. Let us follow Him, our Leader and Forerunner, walking in His footsteps, in the will of God.
2. Be not afraid to say--Yes, O my God, here am I, absolutely given up in everything to the will of God; by Thy grace and Holy Spirit, to make every part of my being a doing of the will of God! So help me, God!
3. For the penitent convert it is enough to know the beginning of the doctrine of Christ, His obedience has atoned and makes me righteous. The believer who seeks to grow and become conformed to the image of the Son, seeks and finds more. The obedience that gave the sacrifice its power in heaven, exercises that power in his heart. The adorable Substitute becomes the beloved Leader and Brother, the High Priest in the power of the heavenly life, bringing us near to God by leading us and keeping us in His will.
Andrew Murray. The Holiest of All
Hebrews 10:10 By this will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. (NASB: Lockman)
Greek: en o thelemati egiasmenoi (RPPMPN) esmen (1PPAI) dia tes prosphoras tou somatos Iesou CHristou ephapax
Amplified: And in accordance with this will [of God], we have been made holy (consecrated and sanctified) through the offering made once for all of the body of Jesus Christ (the Anointed One). (Amplified Bible - Lockman)
Barclay: It is by this way of "the will" that we have been purified through the once and for all offering of the body of Christ. (Westminster Press)
NLT: And what God wants is for us to be made holy by the sacrifice of the body of Jesus Christ once for all time. (NLT - Tyndale House)
Phillips: and in that will we have been made holy by the single unique offering of the body of Christ. (Phillips: Touchstone)
Wuest: by means of which will [God's will that His Son should be the sacrifice for sin] we stand permanently set apart for God and His service through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. (Eerdmans)
Young's Literal: in the which will we are having been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once,
BY THIS WILL WE HAVE BEEN SANCTIFIED THROUGH THE OFFERING OF THE BODY OF JESUS CHRIST ONCE FOR ALL: en o thelemati hegiasmenoi (RPPMPN) dia tes prosphoras tou somatos Iesou Christou ephapax: (Heb 2:11; 13:12; Zech 13:1; Jn 17:19; 19:34; 1Corinthians 1:30; 6:11; 1John 5:6) (He 10:5,12,14,20; 9:12,26,28)
Spurgeon on will - It is an eternal will. We have no vacillating deity, no fickle God. He wills changes, but He never changes His will. "But he is alone, and who can dissuade him? And whatever he desires, Indeed, he does it" (Job 23:13). The will of God is invincible as well as eternal. We are told in Eph 1:11 that He works all things according to the counsel of His will. "There is not one who can hold back His hand, or ask Him, 'What are you doing?' " (Dan 4:35) The good pleasure of His will is never defeated; there cannot be such a thing as a vanquished God. "'My plan shall stand,' and 'I will accomplish all my wishes' " (Isa 46:10). In fact, the will of God is the motive force of all things. "For he himself spoke and it came to pass. He himself commanded and it stood firm" (Psa 33:9). His word is omnipotent because His will is at the back of it and it puts force into it.
Wuest - The word "will" refers here to the will of God which Messiah came to do. The will of God which the First Testament sacrifices could not accomplish was the sanctification of men. This was accomplished through the sacrifice of Messiah. (Hebrews Commentary online)
Will (2307) (thelema from thelo = to will, the ending -ma signifying the result of something, in this case of God willing) in this case is God's gracious disposition towards God hating sinners! His will is reflected in His electing and predestining sinners unto adoption as sons, not as a result of any merit in us nor as a result of anything outside of God Himself. This will in sanctifying us is a reflection of His own pure goodness, originating wholly in the freedom of His own thoughts and loving counsel. It is what God Himself does of His own good pleasure.
We have been sanctified (37) (hagiazo [word study] from hagios = holy, set apart) conveys the idea of setting someone apart, in this case God's Spirit setting the sinner apart from the world, the flesh and the devil and unto God, to be His possession and His willing vessel. The perfect tense speaks of a past completed action (which took place at the moment of our salvation) with permanent or lasting effect (we are forever set apart). As an aside, the permanence of this tense undergirds the NT teaching that the believer once saved is eternally secure (but of course one must be absolutely certain that their salvation is genuine an important issue addressed by Peter - see note 2 Peter 1:10; 1:11). Hagiazo in the perfect tense also speaks of what is often referred to as past tense salvation, a one time event, at which time the sinner is justified the moment they exercise faith in Christ. They will never need to be justified again. Their position in Christ is forever righteous and forever secure.
Wuest - The Greek word "to sanctify," hagiazo, means "to set apart for God." Here the work of sanctification refers to the placing of the believing sinner into the status of a saved person, with all the accompanying blessings and enablements which that act includes. The words "we have been sanctified" are in the Greek text a perfect participle and a finite verb, showing in the strongest way the permanent and continuous state of salvation into which the believer is brought and in which he lives. (Hebrews Commentary online)
In sum, in this verse the writer is describing positional sanctification or past tense salvation (see study of Three Tenses of Salvation). However past tense salvation indubitably leads to present tense salvation or progressive sanctification which the writer describes in Hebrews 10:14 (see note there) where he again uses the verb hagiazo, albeit this use being in the present tense which speaks of one's practice and not their position. In contrast to past tense salvation, present tense salvation is an ongoing process of daily being conformed to the image of God's Son. This process will continue for the rest of our lives.
Spurgeon - We have passed over from death to life. We have escaped from under the dominion of law into the kingdom of grace. We have come from under the curse, and we dwell in the region of blessing. We have believed on Him who justifies the ungodly, and our faith is counted for righteousness. There is now no condemnation to us, for we are in Christ Jesus our Lord, and do not life according to the flesh but according to the Spirit. It was the will of God the Father, but it was carried out by the divine Son when He came into the world. A body was prepared for Him, and into that body, in a mysterious manner that we will not attempt even to conceive of, He entered, and there He was the incarnate God. This incarnate God, by offering His own blood, by laying down His own life, by bearing in His own body the curse, and in His own spirit enduring the wrath, was able to effect the purpose of the everlasting Father in the purging of His people, in the setting of His chosen apart, and making them henceforth holy unto the Lord (Zech 14:21). "It is finished" (John 19:30). Does the divine law require for our acceptance perfect submission to the will of the Lord? He has rendered it. Does it ask complete obedience to its precepts? He has presented the same. Does the fulfilled will of the Lord call for abject suffering, a sweat of blood, pangs unknown, and death itself? Christ has presented it all, whatever that "all" may be. Just as, when God created, His word effected all His will, so when God redeemed His blessed and incarnate Word has done all His will. In every point, as God looked on each day's work and said "It is good," so, as He looks upon each part of the work of His dear Son, He can say of it, "It is good." The Father joins in the verdict of His Son that it is finished; all the will of God for the sanctification of His people is accomplished.
Wuest on once for all - The words "once for all" are to be taken with "the offering of the body of Jesus Christ," not here with the act of sanctifying, although verse 14 speaks of the latter fact. The context here is contrasting the many offerings under the Levitical system with the once for all offering of our Lord. (Hebrews Commentary online)
F B Meyer (The "Once" of a Purged Conscience) on the word "once"…
One Sacrifice - Journalist Jill Neimark wrote an article titled "Shaman in Chicago" about her very unconventional uncle. A well-educated, prosperous commodities trader, he has become a high priest in the Ifa religion, which practices animal sacrifice as its highest act of worship. Formerly an atheist, he is now a convinced believer in a divine energy that he insists cannot be experienced in traditional religion.
Neimark thinks her uncle is an extreme example of those millions of questing Americans who crave a firsthand experience with dynamic supernaturalism. As one of Neimark's friends put it, "We want to dial God direct; we don't want to go through the operator." Or as Neimark says, we're "beating our own path to God."
We who know the truth, power, and joy of the gospel of Jesus Christ can be grateful for these truths: (1) There is no need for any further sacrifice, because Jesus offered Himself as the perfect, all-sufficient sacrifice for our sin (Heb. 10:10). (2) There is no need for any other mediator between God and us, because Jesus, who is our mediator (1Ti 2:5), guarantees direct access to God. (3) There is no need to beat our own way to God, because Jesus is "the way, the truth, and the life" (Jn. 14:6). --V C Grounds (Our Daily Bread, Copyright RBC Ministries, Grand Rapids, MI. Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved)
The cross of Christ is all we need
Salvation is achieved by Christ's atonement, not by our attainment.


text:
Senator Nick G. Sibbeston
- Province: Northwest Territories (Northwest Territories)
- Affiliation: Non-affiliated
- Telephone: 613-943-7790
- Fax: 613-943-7792
- Email: email@example.com
- Staff: Fruin, Alexi (E)
- Personal Website: http://sen.parl.gc.ca/nsibbeston
As a Northern politician, I came up in the consensus form of government where there are no political parties. I look forward to working with my fellow Senators to deal with legislation and policy in an independent fashion.
A lawyer, distinguished member of the Northwest Territories (N.W.T.) Legislative Assembly and a former Premier, Nick Sibbeston has dedicated his life to public service, and particularly the needs of the aboriginal peoples of the North.
Senator Sibbeston was born in Fort Simpson, N.W.T. and attended residential school in Fort Simpson, Fort Providence, Inuvik, and Yellowknife. He graduated from Sir John Franklin High School in 1964. He attended the University of Alberta and graduated with Bachelor of Arts and Law degrees.
In 1970, senator Sibbeston was elected to a four-year term on the North West Territorial Council. And from 1979-91, he was elected to the N.W.T. Legislative Assembly.
During his term in the Legislative Assembly he served six years in Cabinet and two years as Premier. He represented the Government of the N.W.T. as Premier at First Ministers' conferences on the economy and a First Ministers' Conference on Aboriginal Constitutional Matters.
After 1991, senator Sibbeston worked briefly for the Government of N.W.T. as Justice Specialist and as a Public Administrator for Deh Cho Health & Social Services. He served four years on the Canadian Human Rights Panel/Tribunal. He also served as Cultural Advisor and Dene language advisor for the television program North of 60.
In 1999, he was appointed to the Senate of Canada by Prime Minister Jean Chrétien. He has served on numerous Senate Committees, including as Chair of the Senate Standing Committee on Aboriginal Peoples. In 2016, he changed his designation to Independent Senator.
Senator Sibbeston and his wife, Karen, live in Fort Simpson, NWT where they have been involved in several successful businesses. They have six children.
Speeches RSS
Senators' Statements
Climate Change
June 22, 2016
Criminal Code
Bill to Amend—Third Reading—Debate Continued
June 10, 2016

subset: commoncrawl


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AS3 Smooth 360° Panorama Scroller
With this AS3 component, you get 3 panorama scripts easy to set up and modify : - Manual 360° Panorama viewer with mouse over/out and speed controls - Automatic constant speed 360° panorama - Manual horizontal scroller with mouse over/out control You get 3 differents .fla files with separated codes. The preview file above is a special compiled version to let you see all the possibilities of this component. Thanks to a Boolean var you can choose to make these panorama viewers to automaticaly start scrolling or not, you can also modify the scrolling speed. These scripts use external AS3 document classes and load external images or swf for a lighter published size. Enjoy !Visit publisher site: AS3 Smooth 360° Panorama Scroller
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Chrissy Teigen Celebrates Her Sports Illustrated Gig With Proud Husband John Legend
Chrissy Teigen had husband John Legend by her side as she celebrated her appearance in this year's Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue at a special launch party in NYC on Thursday night. The model, who graces the pages for the eighth time, showed off her gorgeous grin as she and John posed for photos together and with mother-daughter duo Christie Brinkley and Sailor Brinkley-Cook, who both also show off their bikini bodies in the annual issue. Chrissy has been open about her nervousness with posing for Sports Illustrated this year, as it's the first time she's done "bikini stuff" since giving birth to her and John's daughter, Luna; while at first she told editor MJ Day that she "would only shoot one-pieces," Chrissy quickly fell back into her comfort zone and slipped into some seriously sexy bikinis. Keep reading to see photos from her night out.
Via: http://www.popsugar.com/celebrity/Chrissy-Teigen-Sports-Illustrated-Launch-Event-NYC-2017-43185237


text:
Power firms in line for £12 billion windfall
UK electricity generators could make up to £12 billion in windfall profits in the second phase of the EU emissions trading scheme, according to a study published in April.
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text: Norcontrol IT has been awarded the contract to supply a coastal surveillance system for monitoring the movements of vessels in the Jindo's coastal sea area, on the west coast of Korea, outside of Mokpo. 10 VTS suppliers were involved in the bidding process with Norcontrol IT chosen as the preferred supplier for VTS and AIS solutions. The Jindo Coastal VTS system will be a premium VTS system and will include a number of subsystems such as a five radar site, meteorological system, 2 x VHF direction finders and a VHF communication system. Automatic Identifications System (AIS) will also be implemented with 2 x AIS base stations forming the shoreside network. In addition the sytem will utilise an advanced database for efficient storage and distribution of vessel traffic data. This contract is a result of close co-operation between Norcontrol IT and its Korean agent, Chang San IT. Chang San IT will handle the installation, testing and warranty of the new system. As a domestic supplier Chang San IT can secure an efficient and flexible support network for the customer during installation and throughout the system's operational life. For ease of operation, the entire system will be in Korean language. Norcontrol IT has been involved in language translation for VTS systems since the 1990's when the company provided language support for both French and Spanish VTS workstations. The company has alo translated its systems into Chinese. In addition, Norcontrol IT has implemented AIS into its VTMIS5060 for five ports in Korea: Busan, Incheon, Yesou & Gwangyang, Gunsan and Daesan. The VTMIS5060 systems in these ports have been operating for several years but the recently implemented AIS will increase the benefits from their VTMIS. Korean ports are concerned about maritime safety and efficiency. By working in close cooperation with Korean ports and authorities Norcontrol IT consistently addresses these concerns. The company will maintain its strong standing throughout the Korean peninsula as Chang San IT will continue market Norcontrol IT solutions within the Republic of Korea.


text:
Suite 423
Alexandria, Virginia 22314
United States
|Areas of Practice
|1) Commercial Real Estate, 2) Residential Real Estate, 3) Corporate Law, 4) Limited Liability Company Law and 5) Estate Planning
|Law School
|Mercer University
|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (B.A.,
|Most recent firm
|Foodman, Hunter & Karres, PLLC
A. Harrison Barnes is a well-known attorney throughout the United States. As a member of the Malibu community, Harrison is committed to serving the needs of Malibu residents and businesses in legal matters.
Alan Singer is a partner in Morgan Lewis's Securities Practice. Mr. Singer advises companies with regard to a diverse range of corporate and securities matters.


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- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
- Meal can be requested on the spot
Best offer
36.82 € / person / night, no meal
Description of the accommodation:
Rooms, services Are you looking to reserve a room in China? China JinSheng Dragon Hotel Guangzhou is pleased to host guests booking on RevNGo.com. 60 comfortably furnished rooms are offered by the hotel to guests looking for accommodation in Guangzhou. Parking possibility for your vehicle is available nearby. In the safe you can secure your valuables. The hotel is offering wireless Internet connection (WiFi) without charging extra fees, so you may go online anytime with your laptop during your stay. The exact list of services available at China JinSheng Dragon Hotel Guangzhou (including those for an extra fee) and the exact list of equipment in a room can be found on the information sheet below.
Payment Credit card guarantee or advance bank card payment may be necessary for finalizing your reservation, depending on the exact room, date and price.
Arrival, opening hours The earliest time to check in to your room is 12:00, the latest time to check out of your room is 13:00. The personnel of the hotel can speak in Chinese - China and English with you.
China JinSheng Dragon Hotel Guangzhou rooms Rooms
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Free WiFi in shared places
Garden, Elevator, Safe deposit box
Hairdryer, Desk in the room, Washing machine


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Sunshine Coast Mail Center
Sunshine Coast Mail Center
Menzel C.M.,Sunshine Coast Mail Center |
Smith L.A.,Sunshine Coast Mail Center |
Moisander J.A.,Driscolls Australia
Acta Horticulturae | Year: 2017
The effect of growing environment on the performance of two strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) cultivar/breeding lines ('Festival' and 'Breeding Line 1') was studied in south-eastern Queensland, Australia. Plants were grown under tunnels or outdoors. Supplementary over-head irrigation was given to the plants outdoors to provide a water supply (irrigation + rainfall) about twice that of the long-term average rainfall for the area. Half the plants under the tunnels or outdoors received the standard sprays to control grey mould, while the other half of the plants received none of these sprays. The yields of the plants in the dry environment under the tunnels (without over-head irrigation) were more than double the yields of the plants in the wet environment outdoors (with over-head irrigation). This result indicates that losses that may occur during a wetter than average season. The plants under the tunnels had lower incidences of rain damage and grey mould than the plants outdoors. There were higher incidences of powdery mildew, and of small and misshaped fruit under the tunnels. Only cultivars with some resistance to powdery mildew should be grown under protected cropping. Spraying reduced the incidence of grey mould outdoors but not under the tunnels. Crops growing under protected cropping in Queensland probably do not need to be sprayed for grey mould.
Damunupola J.W.,University of Peradeniya |
Ratnayake K.,University of Queensland |
Joyce D.C.,University of Queensland |
Joyce D.C.,Sunshine Coast Mail Center |
Irving D.E.,Yanco Agricultural Institute
Functional Plant Biology | Year: 2011
Early desiccation limits the vase life of Acacia cut flowers and foliage and may be attributable to poor hydraulic conductivity (K h) of the cut stems. Acacia holosericea A.Cunn. ex G.Don has been adopted as the test species to investigate the postharvest water relations of the genus Acacia. To understand potential constraints on K h, xylem conduits in cut A. holosericea stems were anatomically characterised by light and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Vessels with simple perforation plates and tracheids were the principal water conducting cells. Bordered vestured intervessel pits were present in xylem vessel elements. The majority of conduits (89%) were short at 15cm long. Only 2% were 15-16cm in length. Mean xylem conduit diameter was 77±0.9m and the diameter profile showed a normal distribution, with 29% of diameters in the range of 70-80μm. Simple perforation plates can offer relatively low resistance to water flow. On the other hand, bordered vestured pits and short xylem conduits can confer comparatively high resistance to water flow. Overall, the presence of bordered vestured pits, together with a high proportion of short xylem conduits and high stomatal densities (232 ± 2mm-2) on unifacial phyllodes, could contribute to early dehydration of A. holosericea cut foliage stems standing in vase water. Further research will relate these anatomical features with changes in K h and transpiration of cut foliage stems. © 2011 CSIRO.
Srivastava S.K.,University of The Sunshine Coast |
King L.,Sunshine Coast Mail Center |
Mitchell C.,Khan Research Laboratories |
Wiegand A.,University of The Sunshine Coast |
And 3 more authors.
International Journal of Wildland Fire | Year: 2013
The characterisation of spatiotemporal fire patchiness is requisite for informing biodiversity conservation management in many landscape settings. Often, conservation managers are reliant on manually derived fire-history mapping products that delineate fire perimeters. An alternative standard approach concerns the application of remote sensing, typically using band combination indices obtained from relatively fine-scale imagery sensors. For Fraser Island, a World Heritage Area in subtropical, fire-prone eastern Australia, we contrast diagnostic fire-regime characteristics for different vegetation types over a 20-year period (1989-2008) as derived from historical manual, and remotely sensed, fire-mapping approaches. For the remote sensing component we adapt a commonly used approach utilising a differenced normalised burn ratio (dNBR) index derived from Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery. Manual mapping resulted in overestimation of fire-affected area (especially large fires) and fire frequency, whereas the dNBR procedure resulted in underestimation of fire-affected area under low fire-severity conditions, and overestimation of fire patchiness. Of significance for conservation management, (1) age class and related distributions for flammable vegetation types differed markedly between the two mapping approaches, (2) regardless, both methods demonstrated that substantial fuel loads had accumulated in flammable vegetation types by the end of the study period and (3) fuel age was shown to have a more significant effect than did seasonality on the incidence of very large (>1000ha) fires. The study serves as an introduction to ongoing research concerning the measurement and application of fire patchiness to conservation management in flammable eastern Australian vegetation types. © 2013 IAWF.
Singh-Peterson L.,University of The Sunshine Coast |
Salmon P.,University of The Sunshine Coast |
Goode N.,University of The Sunshine Coast |
Gallina J.,Sunshine Coast Mail Center
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction | Year: 2014
There is a pressing need for longitudinal assessments of a community's level of disaster resilience in order to identify appropriate strategies for building and enhancing resilience. Despite significant challenges, there are several assessment tools available that organize and emphasize specific resilience themes in multiple ways, at multiple scales. In this study we adapt the Baseline Resilience Indicators for Communities (BRIC) to apply to our case study region and call upon local and district disaster management experts to evaluate the appropriateness of the assessment tool for this case study location. Our findings identify that the absence of an ecological resilience theme has limited the usefulness of the BRIC for the case study region, as has the inability of the BRIC to transition between local to regional scale indicators of resilience. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
SinghPeterson L.,University of The Sunshine Coast |
Salmon P.,University of The Sunshine Coast |
Goode N.,University of The Sunshine Coast |
Gallina J.,Sunshine Coast Mail Center
Natural Hazards | Year: 2016
There is demand for an assessment tool that can assist a community to prepare, respond and recover from emergencies and disasters. A participatory approach, in which communities undertake their own assessment, has been promoted as an ideal method of identifying strengths and vulnerabilities within the local community and has been associated with substantial co-benefits that directly enhance resilience. In this study, five small rural communities exposed to frequent flooding events evaluate the usefulness and efficacy of the Community Disaster Resilience Scorecard Toolkit Scorecard. Our participants reveal that the Scorecard covers relevant topics and has directly supported disaster resilience planning. Despite significant difficulties in attracting people to participate in the assessment, all of the participants considered that the process of assessment was immensely valuable. Overall the communities identified that the Scorecard does require adaption to provide a more accurate depiction of their community's resilience and have suggested ways to achieve this. However underpinning the assessment and the evaluation tasks were deep concerns about the 'shared responsibility' position of government and the reliance upon fatigued volunteers to provide local knowledge and skills. © 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Menzel C.M.,Sunshine Coast Mail Center |
Smith L.A.,Sunshine Coast Mail Center |
Moisander J.A.,Driscolls Australia
HortTechnology | Year: 2014
The effect of plastic high tunnels on the performance of two strawberry (Fragaria ·ananassa) cultivars (Festival and Rubygem) and two breeding lines was studied in southeastern Queensland, Australia, over 2 years. Production in this area is affected by rain, with direct damage to the fruit and the development of fruit disease before harvest. The main objective of the study was to determine whether plants growing under tunnels had less rain damage, a lower incidence of disease, and higher yields than plants growing outdoors. Plants growing under the tunnels or outdoors had at best only small differences in leaf, crown, root, and flower and immature fruit dry weight. These responses were associated with relatively similar temperatures and relative humidities in the two growing environments. Marketable yields were 38% higher under the tunnels compared with yields outdoors in year 1, and 24% higher in year 2, mainly due to less rain damage. There were only small differences in the incidences of grey mold (Botrytis cinerea) and small and misshaped fruit in the plants growing under the tunnels and outdoors. There were also only small differences in postharvest quality, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity between the two environments. These results highlight the potential of plastic high tunnels for strawberry plants growing in subtropical areas that receive significant rainfall during the production season.


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Home > Computer Parts > CD/DVD/Blu-ray Burners > Internal CD/DVD/Blu-ray Drives
ASUS ASUS 24x Internal DVDRW SATA Writer
2 in stock at Northern Virginia/Fairfax Store
Located in Aisle 40►VIEW MAP
The ASUS DRW-24B3ST/LT DVD Drive features E-Green drive automatically optimizes your drives power consumption. E-Green displays detailed information on power saved and CO2 reduced using the ASUS drive. With Optical Tuning Strategy, or OTS, the drive will perform a test before really burning which generate the optimal burning strategy automatically for the best burning quality. The write parameters will be tuned automatically be drives based on the recorded write quality. E-Hammer allows you to permanently delete the data on writable disc (CD-R and DVD-R) formats. Once the data is deleted, it cannot be recovered or restored, and teh optical drive will not be able to read the disc. This ensures data security, eliminates the hassle of scratching your old discs, and conforms with our commitment to environmental protection. The AVRS technology is designed to minimize the vibration caused by the spindle motor and resonance between components as well as the drive and PC cases. AVRS is designed to reduce vibration and noise induced by unbalanced mass of rotating machinery. With AVRS, ASUS DRW-24B3ST/LT DVD Drive provides high readability and playability.
DAO (Disc-At-Once) Recording
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Vendor Warranty:
- Parts: 1 Year Limited
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- Support Phone #: 888-678-3688
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We guarantee your satisfaction on every product we sell with a full refund — and you won't even need a receipt.* We want you to be satisfied with your Micro Center purchase. However, if you need help or need to return an item, we're here for you!
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Australian Passport and Visa Information
Passport and Visa Information For Visiting Australia – All countries have different visa and entry rules for different countries.Some countries will allow other country's citizens more of a lenient visa as they will have a deal with each country and are based on treaties of trade and commerce, diplomatic or historical relations between the nations. For example: New Zealanders travelling to Australia do not require to obtain a visa to come and visit but someone from Thailand will have a hard time to obtain a tourist visa and will need to fill in documents to prove their reasons for Australian travel. To check what countries allow what citizens for what lengths, check that countries visa and travel site.
What is a Passport?
A passport is a travel document issued by the government of the country that you were born in or in some circumstances, you can obtain a passport from the country that your parents were born in. If you have become a citizen of a country then you can also have a new passport issued for your new country but you may have to give up your passport of your old country. You will need to check to see if your country has dual citizenship for you to do this. Having dual citizen ship allows you to travel to each of the countries without having to obtain a visa for each of the countries.
How Long Does My Passport Need To Be Valid?
Most nations require that you have no less than six months validity on your passport before you can enter their country. Some countries also require you to have a return airline ticket booked before you can enter.
What's a Travel Visa?
A visa is a short permission stamp that is stamped into your passport to show what date you are permitted to stay until. In most cases, visas can be obtained for business, leisure, education or spiritual grounds, depending on the country of travel. Visa regulations change a lot for each country and different visa regulations are permitted depending on which country you come from. You need to apply for a visa in the country that you are coming from. You cannot apply for a visa when you land at the airport, it must be done prior to you leaving. You also cannot change your type of visa while you are still in the country.
'Working Visas' are hard to obtain but once you have one you must stick to the requirements of that visa or else you will be deported. You also cannot work if you are on a 'Tourist Visa' as this is only for people who are travelling around Australia. If you are at customs and they think that you may be here to work then you will be refused entry into the country.
Make sure you check the countries visa entry permissions before you book your Australia Hotels and airline ticket as you are the one that is responsible for the correct documents.
Happy Travelling!!!


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EC to target public on CSRSeptember 2005
A campaign to make the public more aware of socially responsible business practice is to be run by the European Commission.
Officials believe that greater public understanding of how some companies are meeting their social and environmental responsibilities will put the spotlight on those doing little or nothing. They want the programme to stress how people can 'influence the behaviour of enterprises through their decisions as employees, consumers and investors'.
Tenders for a 12-month feasibility study must be in by 13 September, with the winning bid likely to be from a consultancy or non-governmental body.
The study will consider the best way to get the message across to the public and 'how to help [people] learn to find and use information about the social impact of products, services and investments'.
As part of the campaign, a pilot CSR exhibition for the public in Brussels is planned.
In a related project, the Commission is also expected to set up an open access website with content drawn from the sustainability reports of large European companies. The site will feature all European companies that have more than 1000 employees and publish a non-financial report.
Large European companies that do not publish reports will be named.
There will also be information on every company's affiliation to social and environmental schemes and networks, awards received, and whether they are listed in any socially responsible investment indexes. Several organizations in the sustainability reporting field will be invited to join an advisory committee.
The database, which the Commission hopes will publicize how European companies are meeting their social responsibilities and will promote sustainability reporting, is in part a response to recent calls from the European Union's Economic and Social Committee for an 'information portal on CSR practices adopted by large enterprises'. The demand was made in a recently published opinion of the committee entitled Information and measurement instruments for CSR in a globalized economy.
The Commission will be looking for a contractor to develop and run the database, but has postponed its tendering process until the publication of its long-awaited white paper on CSR, expected shortly.
For full access to EP Journal, become an Ethical Performance member. To join, click here.
Already a member? click here to login
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Further Information


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Pinterest APK 5.11.1 is free social media app for android OS devices. Download Pinterest-APK (com.pinterest), Android photo bookmarking app to discover inspired ideas. You can make your pins with your captured or collected photos and some of the photos which are already shared on social site to get and share ideas. Pinterest helps you to make plan travel, meals and projects and you will get many new ideas from thousands of photos which are being shared on site globally. You can make new thoughts like gift buying, article reading, money saving and many other in which fashion, grooming tips and home decorating includes. Re-pin posts shared by other users and like them too. Here are more features of Pinterest APK Social media app for android which should be checked before downloading.
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Size of Social media app for Android: 27.13 MB
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Five Things to Tell Your Kids About the JCC Bomb Threats
Learn about anti-Semitism, and put some mezuzahs up with your friends and family
For more than a month, dozens of bomb threats have been called into JCCs and other Jewish institutions around the country. We've witnessed the overturning of tombstones in Jewish cemeteries along with other anti-Semitic acts and threats. It's always good for parents and their kids to sit down for a discussion of the events of the day; here are some points to cover.
1. Discuss the primary goal of terrorism: To instill fear.
A.k.a. psychological warfare. Just one goal: Create an atmosphere of dread, panic and fright. Achieve that and they've won. Which means that if you aren't dreading, panicking and frightened, you've won.
Which is what you are planning to do. You are planning to demonstrate that Jews don't get up and run every time some anti-Semite says "boo." You're going to continue life normally, to act as if the people who are making those calls don't exist (other than the slight inconvenience of evacuating a building when the alarm goes off or otherwise doing what the authorities tell you because it's better to be on the safe side, which is why those procedures are in place).
That alone is the greatest retribution.
2. Talk about the history of anti-Semitism.
You can go backwards in history, from terrorism in Israel and Europe to the BDS movement and other forms of contemporary anti-Semitism, to the job discrimination your parents or grandparents faced when they arrived in America, to the Holocaust, to the immigration quota system that considered Jews inferior, and then to pogroms, Cossacks, Spanish Inquisition, Crusader massacres, the Persians, the Romans, the Greeks . . . all the way back to Ancient Egypt.
Which provides you a great segue to ask: "How did we survive all that? Because, hey, this is nothing new. They've been trying to blow us up for 3,500 years!"
And then you can note that you figure that Jews made it through because they refused to be afraid, because they held on tight to their Jewishness despite all odds, doing even more mitzvahs, learning even more Torah and other good stuff, including hanging out at the local JCC.
That's when you can tell them about your campaign to get mezuzahs up on all the doors of the JCC. And you won't stop there. Work on getting them up at people's offices, front doors of homes. Look, someone has to take the initiative. And you're not going to wait for someone else. That's part of being Jewish—taking on the responsibility to do whatever needs to be done to make the world a better place.
3. Ask the question: Who do you think is behind all this?
Get into the theories behind this spate of bomb threats. They're obviously methodical and cunningly crafted. Yet it could all be the machinations of one tech-savvy deranged maniac.
Whoever it is, what's important is that if one person—or small group of people—is capable of spreading so much terror in so little time with just a few phone calls, imagine how much good, beauty and love all of us can spread if we just put ourselves to it. Which leads us to . . .
4. Counter terror with beauty, hatred with love.
If you are a boomer from the Sixties, I'll bet that sings for you. OK, maybe for your parents. If not, you can still get into this anomaly of anti-Semitism and terrorism.
Unlike other forms of warfare, you can't fight it in kind. You can only do its opposite. This is known as paradoxical intervention. You go out there and show people that we care about everyone. You act like a mentsch. You show solidarity and love for your fellow Jew, along with respect and love for all human beings, and all G‑d's creatures.
Next . . .
5. Talk action/connection.
Ask any psychologist: When faced with fear, we all need to do something to deal with it. Jews have plenty of ways. We come together. We pray. We eat food together. We put up mezuzahs and check the ones we have. Then we eat more food together.
Mezuzahs are a great start because that's a connection we have between our homes, our places of work—and even our JCCs—with the Master of the Universe.
After all, the real reason we have survived is just because He wants us here. So He protects us. But the connecting point of that protection is that little handwritten scroll rolled up and affixed to the doorpost.
When a Jew walks past that mezuzah, child or adult, he or she feels protected. And we are. The terrorist, in the meantime, feels befuddled. Here he was doing all he could to destroy us and instead we're coming alive, putting up visible signs of our connection to the Master of the Universe and His protection on our doorposts. Foiled again!
More information on mezuzahs can be found on Chabad.org.
Now what? How does our conversation change in light of news reports that the alleged perpetrator (perpe-traitor?) of the majority of the JCC bomb threats is a Jewish teenage Israeli/American citizen? It goes without saying that the desecration of graves, swastika graffiti and other physical assaults remain unaddressed by this development. But how shall we answer the evil spin of the likes of a David Duke (emach shemo) who claims "I told you so" to his white supremacist followers, the consequent potential fallout of our legitimate interests being downplayed by the majority culture as exaggerations (or worse, lies), and the possibility that we might collectively lower our guard to genuine threats directed toward our community?
Fear, for what purpose? "Discuss the primary goal of terrorism: To instill fear." -- So let's say we were all living in fear, but that fear actually helps us get stronger in our yiddishkeit or our care for Israel. So, what is the reasoning behind their desire for us to live in fear?
Bandwagon Threats I would be that at least 50% of those local bomb threats were from kids (teens and upward) in surrounding communities who just wanted to join the "bandwagon" of anti-Semitic terrorist threats. I envisioned myself working in a Jewish organization answering a phone call with a threat from just such a person, hearing a slight giggle in his voice, maybe a stutter, and musing over how inarticulate he sounded, overall. In my imagination, I engage him, saying something like, "Oh, yeah? What kind of a bomb is it? Where is it?" If he hung up, or couldn't answer, or stammered, I'd believe it was a kid calling in a prank threat. I then thought about voice analysis as a tool to determine if such a threat were serious or not. I looked it up online, and Wikipedia has information about voice-stress analysis, along the lines of polygraphs. I read that it was disallowed as evidence in court for the same reasons polygraphs are not admitted. George Zimmerman passed the test. Google voice stress analysis.
tough calls, tough talks.... i honestly don't know!
Thank you. A little common sense nourishes us all.
3. Ask the question: Who do you think is behind all this?
I'm not convinced that engaging our kids in speculation about the identity of the perpetrators is a useful exercise. Jew-hatred is embedded in Western culture, manifested equally by the political right and left. The perpetrators need to be swiftly and accurately identified and stopped.
If we're going to speculate, perhaps the better question we parents should address among ourselves, and with our adult children, is why US law enforcement is apparently incapable of determining the source of these threats (would they be as ineffectual if G-d forbid similar threats were phoned in to airports or Federal offices?). And this gives rise to the larger question of whether America has entered an era, as many other nations have throughout history, in which Jews are no longer welcome.
Great advices Rabbi Freeman...especially in those crazy times we are living in...Honestly we can't say we didn't see coming in the last 16 months..
Awesome article, really. Hope you'll consider taking out the dis of anyone over 20.
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KIEV, UKRAINE - DECEMBER 5: Signs placed by protesters cover the metal frame of what was to be a large public Christmas Tree display in Independence Square on December 5, 2013 in Kiev, Ukraine. Thousands of people have been protesting against the government since a decision by Ukrainian president Viktor Yanukovych to suspend a trade and partnership agreement with the European Union in favor of incentives from Russia. (Photo by Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images) *** Local Caption ***
- Copyright
- 2013 Getty Images
- Image Size
- 5760x3840 / 7.4MB
- Contained in galleries
- Maidan Protests


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Life: The Science of Biology
Price: 6.99 USD
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Author Name: Purves, William K.
Binding: Hardcover
Book Condition: Good
Edition 7
Publisher U.S.A. Sinauer Associates and W. H. Freeman 2003
ISBN Number 0716798565 / 9780716798569
Seller ID 063515
Authoritative, thorough, and engaging, "Life: The Science of Biology" achieves an optimal balance of scholarship and teachability, never losing sight of either the science or the student. The first introductory text to present biological concepts through the research that revealed them, " Life" covers the full range of topics with an integrated experimental focus that flows naturally from the narrative. This approach helps to bring the drama of classic and cutting-edge research to the classroom--but always in the context of reinforcing core ideas and the innovative scientific thinking behind them. Students will experience biology not just as a litany of facts or a highlight reel of experiments, but as a rich, coherent discipline.
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Topic "Colombia"
Progress for freedom of the press in Colombia after conviction for illegal wiretapping of journalists and opposition members
The conviction that the Supreme Court of Colombia issued against the former director of the defunct Administrative Department of Security (DAS, by its Spanish acronym), María del Pilar Hurtado, and former Secretary General of the Presidency in the administration of Álvaro Uribe, Bernardo Moreno Villegas, implies a breakthrough in the investigation of cases related to violations of freedom of the press in the country, according to some organizations. Read more »
Two murders in a month raise concerns about safety of journalists in Colombia
The assassination of two Colombian journalists in less than one month has again alarmed the country's press, which has not forgotten the darker years when – due to drug trafficking and other criminal groups – the number of journalists killed because of their work was high. Read more »
Op-ed on homosexuality costs Colombian columnist his job
By: Carola Guerrero De León
Feb. 17 was a day like any other for Yohir Akerman, former columnist for El Colombiano, until he discovered – while flipping through the pages of the paper – that he had been fired. The reason: claiming that "god was wrong" to reject homosexuality in the Bible in one of his columns. Read more »
Threats to Colombian journalists continue amid peace talks
Advocates are reporting that criminal gangs and paramilitary groups in Colombia, one of the most dangerous Latin American countries for journalists, have been issuing death threats for journalists and human rights defenders for the past two months. Media and government representatives have called for investigation to find the sources behind these threats. Read more »
Three Latin American countries among deadliest for journalists in 2014
Paraguay, Brazil and Mexico placed in the top 20 deadliest countries for journalists in 2014, according to a special year-end report by the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ).
The database numbers provided by CPJ tally the deaths of journalists in which the motive for the killing was directly work-related. Read more »
Mexico, Colombia and Brazil lead in impunity in the killings of journalists
Impunity in the murder of journalists is not new in Latin America. In the last decade, the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) reported 72 instances of journalists killed for their work. About 78 percent of these cases faced complete or partial impunity. But in Mexico, Colombia and Brazil, levels of impunity have surpassed those of any other Latin American country, according to CPJ's 2014 Global Impunity Index. Read more »
Digital platform Poderopedia's new chapter to analyze power networks in Venezuela
On May 3, World Press Freedom Day, Venezuela's Press and Society Institute (IPYS) launched a new chapter of the digital platform Poderopedia, which helps visualize the connections that exist between powerful people in the country, the organization reported. The platform collects and presents information about political and business leaders in the nation, revealing conflicts of interest, spheres of influence and other connections. Read more »
IAPA calls for justice on 16th anniversary of Colombian journalist's murder
The Inter American Press Association (IAPA) renewed its call for justice on the 16th anniversary of the murder of Colombian journalist Nelson Carvajal. IAPA once again insisted that authorities investigate and prosecute the crime, a request the organization has made since the case was opened in 2001. Read more »
Colombian journalist receives threats as court case against her torturers advances
Reporters Without Borders denounced that Colombian investigative journalist, Claudia Julieta Duque, continues to receive threats as her court case advances against the agents of the country's Department of Security (DAS) who, in the last 10 years, have followed, psychologically tortured and kidnapped her. Read more »
CPJ lists Mexico, Colombia and Brazil in its annual Global Impunity Index
Three Latin American countries were listed in the latest edition of the Committee to Protect Journalists' (CPJ) Global Impunity Index. Mexico, Colombia and Brazil occupied, respectively, the seventh, eighth and eleventh place on the list. Read more »


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The Brazen Bull Trailer (2010)
"Pain Brings Out The Truth In Us All ... How Much Truth Can You Stand?" 09 November 2010 Horror, Action, Thriller 85 mins
An ice cold tale of misguided ambition and savage revenge. Set in the bowels of an iconic derelict Los Angeles high-rise, we follow Lauren and her real-estate investing fiancé as they discover first hand what happens when a madman leads not with emotion, but rather chilling rationality. The Man in question brings a heaping helping of sanity and jet-black humor to the crazy table. The result is a wonderfully off-kilter horror/thriller that never goes where we expect, but rather draws the audience deeper into a surprising world that has dark corners even in the brightest rooms.
Watch the official The Brazen Bull 2010 trailer in HD below or find more The Brazen Bull videos on Vidimovie.


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Reuters Staff
1 Min Read
June 13 (Reuters) -
* Utility Associates Inc says raises $6.6 million in equity financing - sec filing Source text for Eikon:
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