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This Commodore will receive a new six-cylinder engine – the first in 16 years and only the fifth since 1948.
Just like the present V6, the new one has been designed in the US. It is a high-tech, aluminium V6, with twin overhead camshafts on each bank of cylinders, rather than the current rudimentary iron-block engine with its pushrod valve operation.
The new engine has gone into production at Holden's $400 million engine plant at Fishermans Bend in Victoria, with initial output for export markets but with the revised VZ Commodore taking the engine when it is launched next month.
With the new engine, Holden aims to regain the six-cylinder engine advantage which it lost to Ford when new life was breathed into the BA Falcon with Commodore-beating engine smoothness and performance from a twin-cam, variable valve timing upgrade of its in-line six.
The new Holden engine promises to be a stunner. In the US, it is seen as a "premium line" engine and it powers the impressive Cadillac CTS, which General Motors has benchmarked against the BMW 5 Series.
Drive has tested a Cadillac CTS in Detroit. The twin overhead camshafts on each cylinder bank and variable valve timing deliver both performance and flexibility.
The CTS, with a front-engine, rear-drive layout, is compact, taut and agile. Its 3.6-litre engine develops 190kW of power, the same as the premium version of the engine which will be sold here. We'll also get a 175kW model. Engineers say the engine capacity could be easily extended to 3.8 litres, so 200kW would be possible.
It is quiet, tractable and responsive at low speed, giving the Cadillac strong initial acceleration, something buyers of Australian six-cylinder cars demand. The 3.6 develops maximum torque of 340Nm at only 3200rpm, the variable valve timing optimising both low-speed torque and high-end power.
Floor the accelerator and the engine spins smoothly up to its 6700rpm limit, with a sporty note developing on the way to peak power at 6500rpm. This is in marked contrast to the Commodore's iron-block pushrod V6, which becomes breathless and thrashy near the top end of its rev range.
Under full-throttle acceleration the engine/transmission management computer runs the V6 to 6500rpm before changing gears. The smooth-shifting five-speed automatic contrasts starkly with the present Holden four-speeder, which is comparatively rudimentary in operation.
It's just the sort of engine and transmission combination for which the Commodore chassis cries out and GM's vehicle line director for prestige cars in the US, Charles Klein, was incredulous when told Holden was still using the four-speed transmission. "It's a truck box!" was his comment. Nevertheless, the four-speeder will be upgraded and used with the 175kW version of the new engine.
Holden history lesson
By Bob Jennings
Holden has had just four major six-cylinder engine families since the introduction of the 48-215 in 1948. The first was the 2.15-litre overhead valve in-line six-cylinder grey engine, of 45kW, which stayed in production until 1963.
This was when the EH Holden was introduced, with its red engine (the name coming from the paint on the cylinder blocks). In standard 149 guise (2.45 litres), the red engine produced 75kW; the 179 version (2.95 litres) had 86kW.
The red engine stayed until a major revision in 1980 for the VC Commodore. This was the blue engine, which had a new cylinder head, camshaft and manifolds, and 25 per cent more power. However, it shared the architecture of the red engine. It had fuel injection and produced 106kW in the VK Commodore in 1984.
For the VL Commodore in 1986, Holden imported an overhead camshaft, fuel-injected 3.0-litre in-line six from Nissan.
The VN of 1988 introduced the 3.8-litre V6 which, with improvements, is still in use. It develops 152kW in standard form and 171kW when supercharged.


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Gene expression profile of cervical tissue compared to exfoliated cells: Impact on biomarker discovery
© Steinau et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2005
Received: 02 March 2005
Accepted: 05 May 2005
Published: 05 May 2005
Exfoliated cervical cells are used in cytology-based cancer screening and may also be a source for molecular biomarkers indicative of neoplastic changes in the underlying tissue. However, because of keratinization and terminal differentiation it is not clear that these cells have an mRNA profile representative of cervical tissue, and that the profile can distinguish the lesions targeted for early detection.
We used whole genome microarrays (25,353 unique genes) to compare the transcription profiles from seven samples of normal exfoliated cells and one cervical tissue. We detected 10,158 genes in exfoliated cells, 14,544 in the tissue and 7320 genes in both samples. For both sample types the genes grouped into the same major gene ontology (GO) categories in the same order, with exfoliated cells, having on average 20% fewer genes in each category. We also compared microarray results of samples from women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3, n = 15) to those from age and race matched women without significant abnormalities (CIN1, CIN0; n = 15). We used three microarray-adapted statistical packages to identify differential gene expression. The six genes identified in common were two to four fold upregulated in CIN3 samples. One of these genes, the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant 1, participates in the degradation of p53 through interaction with the oncogenic HPV E6 protein.
The findings encourage further exploration of gene expression using exfoliated cells to identify and validate applicable biomarkers. We conclude that the gene expression profile of exfoliated cervical cells partially represents that of tissue and is complex enough to provide potential differentiation between disease and non-disease.
Early cancer detection requires noninvasive sampling is for general screening populations. Exfoliated cervical cells have been used for cytologic screening of cervical cancer. These accessible cells could also be ideal for molecular screening based on gene expression if their mRNA can be isolated and is representative of the expression profile of the underlying tissue. We have previously shown that satisfactory RNA can be isolated from pap smear material in amounts sufficient for microarray analysis [1]. However since exfoliated cells are keratinized and terminally differentiated, it remains to be demonstrated that they have an active mRNA profile that adequately represents the molecular signature of cervical tissue. While one group reported success using exfoliated oral cells as a source of gene expression biomarkers [2], others have not obtained satisfactory results [3].
This study addresses the representation of gene expression profiles in exfoliated cells and full thickness epithelium. To further explore the possibility of using exfoliated cells for molecular screening, we compared the gene expression in samples with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) to those without or only low grade lesions (CIN0, CIN1).
Gene expression profiles in cervical exfoliated cells and tissue
Biological themes enriched in genes detected only in tissue
Gene Category
# of Genes
EASE score†
Molecular Function
Structural molecule activity
Structural constituent of ribosome
Extracellular matrix structural constituent
Monovalent cation \:proton antiporter activity
Sodium \:hydrogen antiporter activity
Transcriptional repressor activity
Voltage-gated sodium channel activity
Cation \:cation antiporter activity
Cellular Component
Large ribosomal subunit
Cytosolic ribosome
Cytosolic large ribosome subunit
Cellular component unknown
Ribonucleoprotein complex
Biological process unknown
Biological themes enriched in genes detected only in exfoliated cells
Gene Category
# of Genes
EASE score†
Biological process
Regulation of cell adhesion
Cellular process
Chromatin remodeling complex
Cell fraction
Protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity
Gene expression comparison of CIN3 samples with CIN0 and CIN1 controls
GO categories with higher than expected numbers of genes differentially regulated in CIN3(p < 0.005).
GO category
GO description
LS Permut. p-value
KS Permut. p-value
Helicase activity
RNA helicase activity
Replication fork
DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity
Regulation of viral life cycle
Peroxidase activity
Oxidoreductase activity
DNA replication
DNA replication initiation
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Genes with statistically significant upregulated expression in CIN3. Six genes were indicated by all three analysis methods (BRB Array-Tools, SAM, Focus). Fold changes are shown as calculated by SAM.
GenBank ID
Gene Name
Fold Change
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant 1
ras homolog gene family, member T1
growth hormone regulated TBC protein 1
nudix type motif 6
hypothetical protein FLJ12994
truncated calcium binding protein
Exfoliated cells from normal squamous epithelium are derived from the terminally differentiated superficial layers and may have a more restricted representation of the underlying tissue than those derived from a neoplastic epithelium where differentiation is reduced or lost completely. Therefore results from the normal samples should provide a conservative estimate of the degree of similarities between cells and tissue. Grouping the detected genes by broad ontology categories, the cervical tissue and cervical exfoliated samples showed a similar distribution, however exfoliated cells had fewer numbers of genes in each category. The genes in common between tissue and exfoliated cell profiles represented 50% of the total genes detected in tissue and 72% of the total detected in the cells. Therefore, while much of the tissue gene profile is included in the exfoliated cells, this representation is only partial.
The 7224 genes that were not detected in exfoliated cells could be expected to be involved in proliferation of the basal epithelium. Even though the GOs of these genes did not indicate a direct involvement of these genes in cell division they did include basic components of cell structure and function. Interestingly, 6 of the 15 most significant GOs were related to ribosome activity implying that the ribosomal complex is not renewed after initial establishment in the basal cells.
It is interesting to note that 2,838 genes found in the exfoliated samples were not detected in the tissue. One explanation may be the presence of inflammatory or other cells such as endometrium that are not present in tissue. With keratinocyte differentiation the profile becomes more specialized as some genes are down regulated [4]. Therefore, another explanation may be that the restricted RNA profile allows genes below the cutoff in tissue to exceed the threshold for detection in exfoliated cells. This is supported by the fact that average signal intensity (sARM) of these genes was only one third of these expressed in both specimens. The observation that the GOs of these genes were relate to advanced differentiation processes favors the latter explanation.
Since we used only one cervical tissue sample we undoubtedly underestimated the true biologic variability introduced by age, hormonal status and other environmental factors. In addition, requiring detection in 6 of 7 exfoliated samples limits the transcriptome to those genes that could reliably and reproducibly be detected by microarrays. Additional study, including cervical tissues and matched exfoliated samples from a spectrum of disease states would be required to fully define the extent to which tissue and exfoliated cell profiles overlap, nonetheless we conclude that exfoliated cells are worthy of further investigation as a source of molecular markers for screening.
To begin biomarker discovery we conducted a pilot microarray study of exfoliated cells from women with CIN3 to those with no disease (CIN0) or CIN 1 to determine if differential gene expression could be identified and evaluate the degree of variation within disease groups to determine the number of samples that would be required to stabilize selection of differentially expressed genes. Not surprisingly, the gene expression profiles of the two groups were very similar. Based on cytology, less than 10% of the sampled cells are neoplastic, so the dilution effect on abnormal transcript profiles could be considerable. A "field effect", that is extension of molecular changes to an area larger than the histologically identifiable lesion, has been demonstrated in other cancers including head and neck [5], colon [6] and bladder [7]. There is some evidence that this may occur in the cervix [8], but the extent to which this occurs is not clear.
Using three different statistical approaches to identify differentially expressed genes resulted in lists of candidate genes with little overlap and relatively high estimates of false discovery rates. These inconsistencies reflect the relatively small differences between disease classes compared to within-class variation. We intentionally represented a wide range of age and race in this pilot so as not to over simplify the within-class variation thereby maximizing the specificity of the identified candidate biomarkers. Interestingly, despite matching age and race between the disease groups, the within-class variation was greater for CIN 3 than for no disease or combined CIN 0 and CIN 1. This suggests that cytologically identical CIN3 lesions may represent different molecular pathways to oncogenesis.
There were 6 genes that were identified by all three analysis methods. Given the central role of HPV in cervical carcinogenesis it is interesting that one of these, the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant 1, participates in the degradation of p53 through interaction with HPV E6 protein [9]. Similarly, it is interesting to note an over-representation of genes in the GO "viral life cycle" in CIN3. While none of the others have been previously implicated in cervical carcinogenesis this is not too surprising, as their role may be restricted to premalignant lesions or to host response.
The primary goal of this pilot study was to explore the possibility of using exfoliated cells for genomic biomarker discovery. We conclude that RNA from these cells can indeed be applied to genomic studies. Exfoliated cells display an expression profile that reflects the tissue albeit with limited complexity. In addition, the characteristic expression differences between CIN 3 and control samples (CIN 1 and no disease) are small and future studies need to be designed to address these factors.
Study population
The study population consisted of women enrolled into an ongoing study of cervical neoplasia in high-risk urban women [10]. Participants were recruited from non-pregnant, HIV-negative women, aged 18–69 years, attending colposcopy clinics at urban public hospitals in Atlanta, Georgia and Detroit, Michigan. Specimens used in this study were from participants enrolled between December 2000 and December 2002. Cervical disease status was determined based on the summary results of cytology, colposcopy and biopsy examination. We selected 15 women with high grade lesions (CIN3) as cases and age (± 4 years) and race matched women without or with only low grade lesions as controls (7 CIN0 and 8 CIN1).
Sample collection and RNA extraction
After visualization of the cervix, ecto- and endocervical cells were collected using a CytoBroom (Cytyc Corporation, Malborough, MA) and dislodged into PreservCyt collection media (Cytyc Corporation). If a cytology diagnosis was required, the collection device was used to prepare a conventional Pap smear and then placed into the PreservCyt collection media. Samples were transported to the laboratory at ambient temperature and stored at 4°C until processed. Within two weeks of sample collection, total nucleic acids (TNA) were extracted from 14 ml of each 20 ml PreservCyt sample using modifications of the MasterPure Complete DNA and RNA Purification kit (Epicentre, Madison, WI) as previously described (Habis et al 2004). The TNA extract was resuspended in 50 μL TE buffer with 50 units of RNasin (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI) and stored at -70°C until use. Total RNA derived from normal uterine cervix tissue (age 48, unknown ethnicity) was purchased (Stratagene®, La Jolla, CA). Quality of all samples was visually evaluated by gel electrophoresis and quantitation was assessed by densitometric measurement (FluorChem® Digital Imaging System, Alpha Innotech, Inc., San Leandro, CA) of the ribosomal bands, with comparison to a standard 28S and 18S control marker.
Microarray assays
We used MWG Human 30 k Arrays (A/ B/ C) (MWG Biotech, Ebersberg, Germany). Each array was hybridized with cDNA prepared from 500 ng total RNA. Conditions for labeling and hybridization were as described elsewhere [11]. Briefly, samples were pretreated with DNase I and cDNA was prepared and labeled with biotin-11-dUTP (Enzo, Farmingdale, NY) using SuperScript™ First-Strand Synthesis System for RT-PCR (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) with oligo dT and random primers. The automated Discovery™ System (Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, AZ) was used to hybridize slides for 8 hours at 42°C, and detect hybridization with anti-biotin Gold Resonance Light Scattering (RLS) Particles (Invitrogen). Slides were scanned with the GSD-501™ RLS scanner (Invitrogen) and 16-Bit Tiff images were subsequently quantified with Array Vision™ Software 8.0 (Imaging Research, St Catherines, ON, Canada). We used sARM values (artifact removed density minus the background density) of each feature for statistical analysis and a signal to noise ratio (S/N = sARM, divided by the SD of the background density) of 1.5 as the cut-off for detection of gene expression.
Comparison of gene expression in cervical exfoliated cells and uterine cervix tissue
We used the results of the 7 samples of exfoliated cells from women with no abnormalities (CIN0) to characterize the profile of exfoliated cells and of the uterine cervix tissue RNA assayed in duplicate to characterize the tissue profile. A gene was included in the profile if detected in >85% of the exfoliated samples (6 of 7) or in both replicates of the tissue sample. We used the web based database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery (DAVID) http://david.niaid.nih.gov/David/[12] for functional annotation and ontology of the detected genes, and the expression analysis systematic explorer (EASE) for identification of enriched biological themes within the gene lists as reflected by an EASE score of < 0.025 [13].
Differential gene expression in CIN0/CIN1 and CIN3 samples
Expression data were derived from the results of all 30 exfoliated samples hybridized to MWG A arrays. Features were restricted to those with a S/N above 1.5 detected in at least 12 of the 15 samples (80%) of either class (CIN0/CIN1 or CIN3). 5461 genes that passed this filter were subjected to further statistical analysis.
We calculated the mean and coefficient of variation (CV) of the log2 transformed median centered sARM for each gene within the CIN 3, CIN 0 and CIN 1/CIN 0 groups. We used the CV in expression of each gene as a measure of homogeneity. For each gene we calculated the difference between the CV of the CIN 3 group minus that of the other groups and plotted these values in descending order to visualize discrepancies in the variation of genes expression between the classes.
To identify expression differences between the two groups we used the following three different microarray-adapted statistical software packages:
(1) BRB Array Tools 3.2 http://linus.nci.nih.gov/BRB-ArrayTools: Log2 transformed sARM values were normalized over the median of each array and subjected to a two-sample T-test with a random variance model and 1000 permutations. We considered the top 20 genes with the lowest univariate parametric p-values as differentially expressed. Multivariate permutation tests were applied to estimate the proportion of false discoveries in the discovery list. The indicated genes were assigned to gene ontology (GO) categories. Additionally, all GO categories that included at least 5 genes represented on the microarray were analyzed to identify biological themes overrepresented in genes differentially expressed. A GO category was selected if its corresponding LS or KS permutation p-value was below the threshold of 0.005 [14].
(2) Significant analysis of microarrays (SAM) 1.21 http://www-stat.stanford.edu/~tibs/SAM/: sARM values were log2 transformed and centered to the median of each array. Normalized data were analyzed in an unpaired, two-class model with gene specific t-tests and 200 permutations to estimate false discovery rate (FDR) from multiple testing. Genes were scored based on change in expression relative to the standard deviation of the repeated measurements in order to identify those with differential expression [15].
(3) Focus 5.1 http://microarray.genetics.ucla.edu/focus/: Raw sARM data were normalized to a modified Z-transformation and tested for the hypothesis, gene expression in CIN3 samples is upregulated over controls. The applied contrast coefficient of 1.0 scored genes directly according to the average intensity difference between the two classes [16]. Genes agreeing best with the hypothesized pattern change were trimmed to a list of 20 with the highest interest scores and at least a 2-fold change.
The authors thank Angelique Habis for contributions to microarray technique, Ira R. Horowitz, Lisa C. Flowers and David Kmak for clinical evaluations, Talaat Tadros, George Birdsong and Mujtaba Husain for contributing to pathology review, and Ainsley Nicholson for insights into the analysis of variance within classes.
Supported in part by NCI's Early Detection Research Network (EDRN) Interagency Agreement Y1-CN-0101-01.
Authors' Affiliations
- Habis AH, Vernon SD, Lee DR, Verma M, Unger ER: Molecular quality of exfoliated cervical cells: implications for molecular epidemiology and biomarker discovery. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004, 13: 492-496.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Spivack SD, Hurteau GJ, Jain R, Kumar SV, Aldous KM, Gierthy JF, Kaminsky LS: Gene-environment interaction signatures by quantitative mRNA profiling in exfoliated buccal mucosal cells. Cancer Res. 2004, 64: 6805-6813.PubMedView ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Klaassen I, Copper MP, Brakenhoff RH, Smeets SJ, Snow GB, Braakhuis BJ: Exfoliated oral cell messenger RNA: suitability for biomarker studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1998, 7: 469-472.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Ranamukhaarachchi DG, Unger ER, Vernon SD, Lee DR, Rajeevan MS: Gene expression profiling of dysplastic differentiation in cervical epithelial cell harboring HPV 16. Genomics. 2005, in press:Google Scholar
- Tabor MP, Brakenhoff RH, Ruijter-Schippers HJ, Kummer JA, Leemans CR, Braakhuis BJ: Genetically altered fields as origin of locally recurrent head and neck cancer: a retrospective study. Clin Cancer Res. 2004, 10: 3607-3613.PubMedView ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Chen LC, Hao CY, Chiu YS, Wong P, Melnick JS, Brotman M, Moretto J, Mendes F, Smith AP, Bennington JL, Moore D, Lee NM: Alteration of Gene Expression in Normal-Appearing Colon Mucosa of APCmin Mice and Human Cancer Patients. Cancer Res. 2004, 64: 3694-3700.PubMedView ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Stoehr R, Zietz S, Burger M, Filbeck T, Denzinger S, Obermann EC, Hammerschmied C, Wieland WF, Knuechel R, Hartmann A: Deletions of chromosomes 9 and 8p in histologically normal urothelium of patients with bladder cancer. Eur Urol. 2005, 47: 58-63. 10.1016/j.eururo.2004.07.012.PubMedView ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Benedetto C, Bajardi F, Ghiringhello B, Marozio L, Nohammer G, Phitakpraiwan P, Rojanapo W, Schauenstein E, Slater TF: Quantitative measurements of the changes in protein thiols in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and in carcinoma of the human uterine cervix provide evidence for the existence of a biochemical field effect. Cancer Res. 1990, 50: 6663-6667.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Ciechanover A, Shkedy D, Oren M, Bercovich B: Degradation of the tumor suppressor protein p53 by the ubiquitin-mediated proteolytic system requires a novel species of ubiquitin-carrier protein, E2. J Biol Chem. 1994, 269: 9582-9589.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Rajeevan MS, Swan DC, Nisenbaum RA, Lee DR, Vernon SD, Ruffin MT, Horowitz IR, Flowers LC, Kmak D, Tadros T, Birdsong G, Husain M, Srivastava S, Unger ER: Epidemiologic and viral factors asociated with cervical neoplasia in HPV 16-positive women. Int J Cancer. 2005, 115:Google Scholar
- Ojaniemi H, Evengard B, Lee DR, Unger ER, Vernon SD: Impact of RNA extraction from limited samples on microarray results. Biotechniques. 2003, 35: 968-973.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Dennis GJ, Sherman BT, Hosack DA, Yang J, Gao W, Lane HC, Lempicki RA: DAVID: Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. Genome Biol. 2003, 4: 3-10.1186/gb-2003-4-5-p3.View ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Hosack DA, Dennis GJ, Sherman BT, Lane HC, Lempicki RA: Identifying biological themes within lists of genes with EASE. Genome Biol. 2003, 4: R70-10.1186/gb-2003-4-10-r70.PubMedPubMed CentralView ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Simon R, Lem AP: BRB Array Tools 3.2 User's Manual. 2004Google Scholar
- Tusher VG, Tibshirani R, Chu G: Significance analysis of microarrays applied to the ionizing radiation response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001, 98: 5116-5121. 10.1073/pnas.091062498.PubMedPubMed CentralView ArticleGoogle Scholar
- Cole SW, Galic Z, Zack JA: Controlling false-negative errors in microarray differential expression analysis: a PRIM approach. Bioinformatics. 2003, 19: 1808-1816. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btg242.PubMedView ArticleGoogle Scholar
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

subset: commoncrawl


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Biomi Kft
Biomi Kft
Zsolnai A.,Research Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition ATK |
Toth G.,Agricultural Biotechnology Center |
Molnar J.,BIOMI Kft |
Steger V.,Agricultural Biotechnology Center |
And 14 more authors.
Archiv Tierzucht | Year: 2013
The whole genome of Mangalica animals has been screened on the Illumina porcine chip giving the possibility (1) to replace the previously applied ten microsatellite markers by nine SNP loci to classify the Blond, Swallow-Belly and Red Mangalica individuals into three different breed groups (P>0.95); (2) to propose 54 SNP loci for parentage testing in Mangalica pigs where the exclusion probability is 0.999115 if one parent is known and the probability of identity is 1.54×10-23. © 2013 by the authors; licensee Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany.
Marincs F.,Agricultural Biotechnology Center |
Molnar J.,Biomi Kft |
Molnar J.,Hungarian Academy of Sciences |
Toth G.,Agricultural Biotechnology Center |
And 3 more authors.
Genetics Selection Evolution | Year: 2013
Background: Mangalica breeds are indigenous to Hungary and their breeding history dates back to about 200-250 years ago. They are fat-type pigs and have a rare curly hair phenotype. The aim of our study was to establish the relationships between these unique breeds and other European breeds. Results: Based on a core sequence of 382 bp present in 2713 mitochondrial D-loop sequences from pigs belonging to 38 local breeds from nine countries, five cosmopolitan breeds and wild boars from 14 countries, we identified 164 haplotypes. More than half of the 2713 sequences belonged to either four haplotypes characteristic of continental European breeds or two haplotypes characteristic of British/cosmopolitan breeds; each haplotype is present in more than 100 individuals. Most Mangalica individuals belonged either to one of these common continental European haplotypes or to two Mangalica-specific haplotypes that were absent in all other breeds. In addition, we identified the ancestral mitochondrial D-loop signature present in these 2713 sequences and found that ∼ 80% carried the European ancient signatures, ANC-Aside and ANC-Cside or their closely related signatures, while most of the remaining sequences carried a modern Asian signature, ANC-Easia. Mangalica individuals carried the ANC-Aside signature, but not the ANC-Cside or ANC-Easia signatures. Conclusions: In all the Mangalica individuals, a unique ancient European signature was found in the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region, but they belonged almost exclusively to either certain very abundant European or two Mangalica-specific D-loop haplotypes. This indicates that the present-day Mangalica population in Hungary evolved either by introgression of other European breeds and wild boars or via total isolation after the divergence of European ancient porcine bloodlines. © 2013Marincs et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.


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Roylco Inc. - Color Diffusing Paper 9 X 12 50 Sht
Color Diffusing Paper is a fabric-like paper with great texture. Spritz liquid watercolor, paint or food color over the color diffusing paper and watch the colors flow and blend to create spectacular patterns and effects. Once the paint is dry, embellish with markers, crayons and glitter. Once complete, hang in windows, from ceilings, on bulletin boards or anywhere that could use some extra color. Great easy art project for all ages and skill levels. 9 x 12" (23 x 30 cm). 50 per package.
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The Nth bookcase is a unique, all-digitally produced piece of furniture. This can be a mass produced CUSTOM bookcase system where each Nth bookcase is different and unique all tailored to the needs of each person. Produced on a CNC machine, there is no hardware needed for assembly and ships flat.
no hardware = easy. Ikea...take that!
no hardware = easy. Ikea...take that!
Thank You!


text: Hot For GOLD or higher VIP users Download MVC5 Smartadmin Template 1.5.2 SmartAdmin WebApp - goes beyond the ordinary admin template. Its unique flat design and responsive layout is crafted one of a kind. SmartAdmin comes with 5 different versions: Pure HTML, AJAX Version, PHP version, Modular AngularJS, and ASP.NET MVC5 versions.SmartAdmin also adds flavor to 40+ customized jquery plugins including 5 unique plugins (exclusively catered for SmartAdmin). SmartAdmin Layout API lets you customize your project for almost any device - be it Mobile, Web or WebApp - SmartAdmin has you covered! Features include:Carefully hand coded from head to toeLanding pageBuilt with bootstrap 3.3.x (contains LESS/SASS files for the Custom BS Build)Contains neatly organized and commended HTML, JS and LESS & SASS files (unminified CSS and JS files available)RTL SupportUses grunt tasks to compile CSS and minify scriptsFixed header, footer, breadcrumb and navRetina Graphs and Iconsw3 valid cross browser compatible HTML5 markupUnique, never seen before, localStorage Widgets (Jarvis Widget 2.0) with custom controls for the users (now includes a robust API)6 Level responsive navigationFully Responsive, scales to almost any size (Fluid/Responsive/Boxed and Container)Four different navigation options (horizontal, vertical, minify or hidden - no DOM changes required to switch in-between). Menu also adapts automatically on mobile devicesCSS3 AnimatedModern Form Elements (jQuery select2, colorpicker, datepicker, validation, iDevice buttons and wizard)Custom Google map skinsData attribute gallerySmart Alert and Smart Notification with soundDynamic Data Table with export to PDF/ExcelSmart Form elements (built on top of bootstrap library for robust form development)Google chrome voice command pluginCrossbrowser (IE9+)Print ready Invoice pageAll configurable options located in a seperate JS file "app.config.js"Also contains a Clean HTML version, Advanced PHP version, ASP.NET MVC5 version, and modular a AngularJS version with Grunt Tasks Download Link(s)File(s) size: 78.6 MB


text: Redirect pageBeast Fight! Showdown Between Warriors! Retrieved from "http://beastsaga.wikia.com/wiki/Beast_Fight!_Showdown_between_Warriors!?oldid=6675" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected.


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On Mon, 13 Mar 2006 08:28:12 +0100 Sven Luther <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote: > jonas believes it is more important to not break whatever the user > may do, rather than have good support for official kernels, No, I believe those use cases are equally important. I believe it is important for yaird to apply same strict logic to all Linux kernels, official or not. Imagine the tool "make" failing to compile some software, and you were told that Debian make was optimized for official Debian sourcecode, so the "solution" is to only use tarballs distributed through Debian. Or the mysql daemon crashing if fed specific SQL commands, and Debian just made sure to not use those commands in official software. That's what your patch was about, Sven: Relaxing the internal logic of yaird for powerpc where you knew it would not hurt - if only the kernels was built by your! - Jonas -- * Jonas Smedegaard - idealist og Internet-arkitekt * Tlf.: +45 40843136 Website: http://dr.jones.dk/ - Enden er nær: http://www.shibumi.org/eoti.htm
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Congresswoman Beatty Recognizes Women's History Month
Congresswoman Beatty Recognizes Women's History Month
March is Women's History Month, a month-long celebration commemorating and recognizing the vital role of women throughout American History. To mark Women's History Month, U.S. Congresswoman Joyce Beatty (OH-03) issued the following statement:
"As our nation reflects on the many successes and gains made by women throughout our shared history, and as we celebrate the progress made, we must not lose sight of the numerous barriers that prevent countless women from achieving their American Dream. In that spirit, I invite my constituents, fellow Ohioans and people across the country to join with me in honoring our past, and working to build an America where every woman has the power to reach her full potential—namely through pay equity, affordable childcare and healthcare—because when women succeed, America succeeds."
During March, please be sure to visit Congresswoman Beatty's Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and website to see, hear, and learn the latest. Also, do not forget to join the conversation online by using: #WomensHistoryMonth or #WHM2017.


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Today I have two more polishes from the Coca Cola Icons of Happiness collection for you. There is some stamping nail art involved, too :D
OPI Coca Cola Red is - as the name suggests - inspired by the original Coca Cola. It is a classic bright red creme polish. The formula is a dream! It is pigmented and you can get away with almost one coat (shown in the pictures are two coats with top coat). It glides on like butter and is really easy to work with. If you do not own a vibrant red nail polish, go get this one! And if you already own a dozen red nail polishes, go and get this anyway. It is the perfect red nail polish in my eyes.
OPI Turn On The Haute Light, which is called My Signature is DC in the US collection, is a silver foil nail polish. I am not a huge fan of silver nail polish on its own. Instead, I tried to stamp with it over Coca Cola Red using two different images from Bundle Monster plate BM-316.
Turn On The Haute Light works well for stamping. I find it looks better when one uses images with "narrow" designs compared to images with larger areas, because the foil particles get concentrated more. Did that just make any sense? I hope you know what I mean. The image on my ring finger does not look as "pigmented" as the ones on my other three nails.
These polishes originally came out last year with the Coca Cola collection. To celebrate the 100th birthday of the classic Coca Cola bottle this year, OPI re-released some of the polishes along with two new limited edition shades.
The Icons Of Happiness collection is available at German retailers now until the end of August.


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Helenas Feet – Jeans girl with high heels and bare feet
Do you want to worship my black high heels and lick the soles? Maybe suck the heel? Or just worship my bare feet? Come on, get to work, my latina feet aren't used to wait!
Categories: Barefoot, High Heels
Download file – 280.6 MB
Tags: Barefoot, Dirty Talk and Masturbation Instructions, Femdom, Helenas Feet, high heels


text: I can't find another thread where this is, maybe i didn't search hard enough? I went through the first ten or so pages and searched and couldn't find anything, so i there's already a thread about this, let me know =] My problem is this: I use parts of songs, not sounds, for notifications and stuff. So, when I get a text, the chorus to "Faded Line" by Lamb Of God starts playing. Obviously I don't need all 30 seconds of the chorus all the time to tell me I have a text message. However, to silence or stop the sound, I have to turn on the screen, unlock the phone, go into my messages, and look at the thread with the message in it. Is there any way I can silence it without having to do that? Like if I can't do that all right away, it would just keep playing. So is there a button any of you know of I can press? The volume down does not silence it. End does not silence it. I haven't tried all the buttons, but before I go through all possible button combinations I was wondering if any of you out there already know how to do this lol. Thanks in advance guys =]


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Chemical Reactions. By Matt Reeder. What is a chemical reaction?. A chemical reaction is a reaction between two atoms forming a chemical bond resulting in a chemical compound. Why do chemical reactions happen?. What is a chemical equation?.
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
By Matt Reeder
A chemical reaction is a reaction between two atoms forming a chemical bond resulting in a chemical compound.
A chemical equation is a way of writing out and describing a chemical reaction.
Chemical equations are used to simplify and express the specific reactants and product of a chemical reaction.
YES! The law of conservation of matter states that matter cannot be created or destroyed.
All elements that are a part of the left side of the equation must appear, in some form, on the left side of the equation.
The arrow in a chemical equation represents the action, or reaction taking place forming the chemical bond.


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Nigerian Pastor T.B. Joshua, well known for his expansive philanthropic endeavours, shocked congregants at his church, The Synagogue, Church Of All Nations (SCOAN) on Sunday 18th November 2012 when it was revealed he has sponsored a Nigerian student to study a PhD in the University of Oxford to the tune of £100,000, approximately N26 million.
Miss Yinka Oduwole, who introduced herself as one of the youth who was brought up in The SCOAN and worked there extensively, testified how she had gained admission to study a PhD in Engineering Science in Oxford University, UK after a successful Master's Programme in University College London (UCL). Yinka, who was equally sponsored in her Master's Degree in Broadband Communication in UCL in which she came out with a distinction, said Prophet T.B. Joshua and Emmanuel TV Partners had paid the sum of £100,000 to enable her to study for a PhD in the prestigious Oxford University.
"My advice to youth all over the world is that they should pray as if everything depends on God and work as if everything depends on them," Yinka, also a First-Class graduate from the University of Lagos, told the congregation and viewers worldwide on Emmanuel TV, equally counselling the youth to find a job in the church and actively engage in godly activities.
TB Joshua also revealed in the service how footballer Ogenyi Onazi, the SS Lazio starlet who was recently promoted to the Super Eagles of Nigeria and scored on his debut against Venezuela, was brought up in the church and worked there as well before attaining his current sporting success. Joshua revealed how he had sponsored Onazi and his colleague Sani Emmanuel to trial in clubs around the world including Premier League giants Chelsea and Tottenham, before arriving in SS Lazio, where he is currently playing for the senior team. Joshua revealed that close to $1m was spent in this process, to ensure the duo went to the right club to reach the heights of their potential.
According to Joshua, the reward for raising up such young people to become leaders of tomorrow in every field of expertise is immeasurable in monetary or material terms. "What you make happens for others, God makes happen for you. You are raised to raise others," Joshua exhorted the crowd, counselling them to consider the future of their own children and what they were doing with their lives.
Forbes estimated that Joshua has spent up to $20m in charitable activities alone in the last three years. Thousands of less privileged students are currently studying in universities across Nigeria and around the world courtesy of SCOAN's scholarship program.
Yinka Oduwole
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EXCLUSIVE: Nollywood Actress, Uche Iwuji Secretly Marries Oil & Gas/Marine Big Boy, Juwon Lawal [Pictures]
Marriage: There Is More To It Than Riches—Rita Nzelu
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Pictures From. Annie Macaulay's Birthday Party With 2Face
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How to Join SOS
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Warcraft (2016)
Warcraft (2016) Full Movie Online Free Streaming in HD, No Survey, No Sign Up, Stream and Download in Megavideo, Megaupload, Novamov, Videoweed, Divxden, Stagevu, Loombo, Xtshare. Download in Hotfile, Fileserve, Megaupload, Filesonic, Rapidshare, Depositfile
The peaceful realm of Azeroth stands on the brink of war as its civilization faces a fearsome race of invaders: orc warriors fleeing their dying home to colonize another. As a portal opens to connect the two worlds, one army faces destruction and the other faces extinction. From opposing sides, two heroes are set on a collision course that will decide the fate of their family, their people, and their home.


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We ( VOICE INDIAN) have five trustees namely
1) Mr. M. Sivaraj,(71) Vellore. A retired State Govt. Employee. Lead Trade Unions while in service. Running an organization viz. Anti-Corruption Awareness Movement HQ. Vellore.
2) Mr. R. Munuswamy, (84) . Kancheepuram . A retired Central Public Sector Employee . Lead Trade Unions while in service. Running an organization viz. DISTRICT HUMANISTIC SOCIETY FOR PEOPLE'S WELFARE, Kancheepuram.
3) Mr. P. Chandrabose ( 67 ) Chennai . A retired State Govt. Employee. Now a Lawyer in High Court. Lead Service Union while in service. Now running Anti-corruption Movement and also doing social services conduct pathology Laboratory to poor and poorest at cheapest rate.
4) Mr. D. Sundaranathan, Tirupattur, Vellore Dist., Retired Teacher and Business man. Taking leading roll in several social events, particularly in Human Rights Organisation.
5) Mr. E. Balasubramaniam, (41 ) Chennai. Business man . Taking leading roll in all social events. He is Co -Convener of Tamilnadu Rail Passengers Rights Tribune, Co -Convener of North Chennai Peoples Rights Federation and Running Book Bank through Student Skill Development Association to help poor students by giving books on returnable terms and conditions.
We the patriotic citizens contributed our might and started this organization. It has been duly registered under Trust Act. We don't receive any donations, contributions, etc…
We deferred enrolling membership till we trace out volunteers having honesty patriotism and real interest in Public life .
For the time being we are conducting awareness meetings and help centres in various parts of the state of Tamil Nadu to implement our ideas


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Abstract Entertainment presents
Frightened Rabbit
Ace of Spades
1417 R St
Sacramento, CA, 95814
Doors 7:00 PM / Show 8:00 PM (event ends at 12:00 AM)
This event is all ages
At the start of 2011, in the middle of a brutal New York winter, Billy McCarthy and Eric Sanderson were slogging through backbreaking jobs in moving and art-handling. Gutted by the dissolution of their former band Pela (which had achieved significant success with its sole album Anytown Graffiti), both McCarthy and Sanderson began agonizing over their lifelong commitment to making music and its failure to sustain them. "I was carrying boxes up these fifth-floor walkups, saying to myself every step of the way, 'What the hell happened to me?'" says singer/guitarist/songwriter McCarthy. "I'd based every big decision in my life on music, and now it had me in this bad spot where I'm not a kid anymore and I've got no career to speak of. I was deeply scared about where my life was headed." Similarly disheartened, bassist/keyboardist/songwriter Sanderson recalls feeling as though "there was some massive undercurrent I was trying to get out of. I'd dedicated my life to music, and it felt like everything had just fallen apart."
Incurably determined to carry on with music, McCarthy and Sanderson got together and resurrected a batch of songs recorded prior to the band's 2009 breakup. Thanks largely to grassroots support from their fans, the two soon took to the studio to record the final tracks for their debut album as We Are Augustines. Released in the UK and Europe by Oxcart Records in March 2012, Rise Ye Sunken Ships would quickly garner much acclaim—and ultimately propel the band (now a trio featuring London-born musician Rob Allen on drums) into unlikely indie-rock stardom.
Named "Best Alternative Album" by iTunes US in its 2011 year-end review, Rise Ye Sunken Ships has helped We Are Augustines score highly coveted spots on the 2012 lineups of Coachella, Bonnaroo, Hurricane and Southside, Latitude, Bilbao BBK Live, Reading and Leeds, and T in the Park. After speedily earning a reputation as a triumphant live act, the band also sold out a slew of shows on its recent UK tour. And in February, We Are Augustines made its first major TV appearance on the Late Show With David Letterman, delivering a searing performance that prompted the host to address his audience with rarely glimpsed heart-on-sleeve earnestness: "What they're trying to tell us is life is an ocean and we are all ships," said Letterman. "If your ship has sunk don't despair. Don't lose hope." The band have since appeared on Carson Daly and The Tonight Show with Jay Leno.
From the very first listen, it's easy to grasp why Rise Ye Sunken Ships has inspired such an impassioned response. Opening with "Chapel Song" (a tale of love lost that's both heartwrenching and fortifying), the album is earnest yet fiery, fist-pumping yet thoughtful, thundering yet melodic. Though much of the record deals with tragic subject matter (namely, the in-prison suicide of McCarthy's younger brother James), it radiates with an aggressively hopeful spirit that demands repeated listens of songs like "Juarez" (a stripped-down powerhouse featuring the oddly anthemic refrain of "I got a drunk for a mother, got a saint for a brother") and "Strange Days" (a deceptively uptempo number that alternates chant-along lyrics with fuzzed-out harmonies). Mixed by David Newfeld (Broken Social Scene, Los Campesinos!, Super Furry Animals), Rise Ye Sunken Ships also achieves the graceful feat of infusing stadium-sized rock with uncommonly elegant flourishes (such as the sweetly somber piano work on "Barrel of Leaves" and the pairing of tenderly strummed acoustic guitar and subtle electronic effects on "East Los Angeles").
"Musically speaking, we're into finding different ways of approaching the same old three-minute pop song," says McCarthy. "The stories within the songs come from all kinds of places, from weird little late-night moments on a subway platform to bleary-eyed reflections on small-town living. It's all wrapped up in some sort of dreaminess and romanticism, but still very gritty and rugged." With the recent addition of Allen, We Are Augustines are eager to further expand their sound and explore new directions in their songwriting. "Before Rob came along, we were a project," says Sanderson. "Now we're a band." A drummer since the age of six and a former student of the Agder College Music Conservatory in Norway, Allen was introduced to McCarthy and Sanderson by former Pela drummer Tomislav Zovich. "At the time, I was working in a restaurant and trying to find a band to play in and nothing was working out, which just broke my heart," says Allen. "So I went to a studio to try things out with Billy and Eric one morning in Brooklyn. Normally these things only go about a half-hour, but we started playing and I looked up at the clock and five hours had gone by." Three weeks later, Allen and his new bandmates set out for We Are Augustines first tour.
Planning to head back into the studio in late 2012, the trio is presently focused on bringing its frenetic live show to venues around the world. "It's pretty crazy that now we're playing shows at outrageous places like Brixton Academy, when a little over a year ago we were just a rickety two-piece that needed fundraising money from our fans to make a website," says McCarthy. That fan-driven support hasn't gone unappreciated by We Are Augustines, who make a point of meeting with audience members after each show and attempt to respond to every message received by their band email account. "We've gotten emails from the strangest corners of the earth, from soldiers in Afghanistan to major-league baseball players to people in rehab," says McCarthy. "A lot of the time, it's people who've lost someone they love and feel that our music helped them get through that in some way."
Also in the interest in giving back, We Are Augustines is working on building a relationship with Amnesty International and recently contributed a cover of Bob Dylan's "Mama, You Been On My Mind" to the organization's charity compilation album Chimes of Freedom. And in an effort to raise awareness of the drug trade's devastating impact on the people of Juarez, Mexico, the band journeyed to the troubled border town to meet with the locals and film its video for "Juarez" (a gorgeously shot slice-of-life piece that captures one of the four instances in which McCarthy, Sanderson, and Allen were pulled over by the border patrol). "One of the gifts of being a musician is that you have people's ear," says McCarthy. "So if we can stand for something that's bigger than that 40-minute set, that's great. Which doesn't mean you have to be all stuffy and self-righteous—we still get crazy and jump off the stage and smash things up."
Indeed, maintaining a joyfully chaotic spirit is crucial to We Are Augustines (who've been revisiting episodes of The Muppet Show on their most recent tour because "it's so obnoxiously positive and feels pretty great juxtaposed with all the dark, distorted stuff we're singing about," according to McCarthy). "It's important to us that our shows are very celebratory and that the audience feels like they're part of what we're doing—that we're all in this room together, creating a memory," notes Sanderson. "We want people to have a cathartic experience—but still dance all night long, and walk away smiling. That's really not a sad story at all."
$15.00 - $18.00
Upcoming Events
Ace of Spades
Sun, December 3
Big Gigantic @ Ace of Spades - 12/3
Mon, December 11
Jhene Aiko - (trip tour)
Sun, December 31


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Sea Lounge Trailer (2005)
01 January 2005
Take an exotic journey to a pristine ocean setting with this resplendent home theater experience featuring footage of the exquisite Maldives, a remote tropical paradise located in the Indian Ocean and revered by scuba divers. Set to a soothing soundtrack, the video captures the Maldives' sublime scenery, from tranquil emerald lagoons and splashing waterfalls to its amazing underwater sea life.
Watch the official Sea Lounge 2005 trailer in HD below or find more Sea Lounge videos on Vidimovie.


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Bent praises Villa faithful
Aston Villa new boy Darren Bent has paid tribute to the club's supporters for their reception.
Last Updated: 24/01/11 3:18pm
Aston Villa new boy Darren Bent has paid tribute to the club's supporters for their reception towards him on his debut against Manchester City.
The Villa faithful were in great voice on Saturday as they saw Bent score the winner on his debut following his £18million move from Sunderland to win 1-0.
Bent was ecstatic to begin his time at his new club in such style, but admits that he was feeling the weight of expectation prior to kick-off.
"It was a fantastic feeling to score the goal. For a striker, there really is no better feeling in the world than seeing that ball fly into the back of the net," Bent told the club's official website.
"I just managed to stay on my toes, react first and put it in the net.
"It was great to get that goal after such an action-packed week. It capped off some week.
"I felt the pressure a little bit but what eased it were the thousands of fans screaming and chanting my name throughout. They made it so much easier for me.
"I've got to say a big thank you to the Villa fans. They were brilliant. They were so loud and at the final whistle I saw them all jumping up and down - they were fantastic scenes.
"Hopefully they'll be many more games like this to come."
Bent also gave glowing praise to his team-mates, both in defence and his supporting attackers, stating that he will thrive off their service.
"James (Collins) and (Richard Dunne) Dunny are two of the best centre-halves in this division," he added.
"They showed what they are all about against a fantastic City attack - Carlos Tevez has been flying and scoring goals for fun while Edin Dzeko is the new guy looking to prove a point.
"Our boys played really, really well."
"It feels like Christmas when you've got the attacking talent we've got in the team. Marc (Albrighton), Stewart (Downing), Ashley (Young), Gabby (Agbonlahor) - they create chances for fun.
"We probably didn't create as many as we would have liked but that's because it was Manchester City. But there were more than enough signs of what they can do. That's one of the reasons I came to the football club."


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The trend of exchange control relaxation continues, with the annual Foreign Investment Allowance for individuals increasing from ZAR4m to ZAR10m from 1 April 2015. The ZAR1m Single Discretionary Allowance will also be permitted to be used for any legal purpose - this former 'travel allowance' was already permitted for investment and now becomes entirely unrestricted for permissible transactions.
Along with the increased individual allowance of ZAR10m, the corporate allowance for Foreign Direct Investment has doubled from ZAR500 000 per annum to ZAR1bn, although whether the conditions and limitations attached to the FDI allowance will also be relaxed remains to be seen. Significantly, there was no mention of any changes to the Intellectual Property (IP) regime or any relaxation of the anti-looping rule. The Reserve Bank has previously announced a re-write of the Exchange Control Manual, in the wake of the Shuttleworth case, and some commentators had expected more dramatic announcements, perhaps even a new amnesty. Any big changes may now be postponed until the draft of the re-write is issued for comment.


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Current position:Home > Healthcare > Health
Reinforce habitus
The main measure to prevent kidney disease is to reinforce habitus. It helps improve immunity and prevent people from infection. There are a variety exercises, including walking, long-distance running, dancing, climbing mountains, boating, martial arts, Taiqi, etc..
Prevent infection
Nephritis is closely related to upper respiratory infection which is usually caused by cold, wind-heat, damp and hot. To prevent nephritis, people need to pay close attention to weather changes.
Keep a good habit
A good habit plays an important role in keeping healthy. Irregular daily routine, lack of sleep, overeating and overdrinking, and excessive labour all attributes to the decrease of immunity. Therefore, it is important to keep a good living habit, and maintain balance between rest and work.
Take active treatment to certain disease
Skin infection such as sores, furuncle, itching, and rash, upper respiratory infection, and amygdalitis tend to lead nephritis. Accordingly, it is necessary to take active treatment to these diseases. Meanwhile, change clothes frequently, which helps prevent urinary tract infection. And maintain defecate unobstructed so that it helps the excretion of metabolic wastes.
Keep a positive mood
Mood swing has a negative effect on health. So it is better to keep a positive mood.
Article URL : http://www.kidneydoctors.org/health-care/health/1564.html
Article by : Kidney Disease Hospital
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I bought a Pro subscription, but I can't access the Pro benefits.
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2) Should you still experience trouble, it might be that you have accidentally logged in with an account that you didn't originally register with. Log out of the current account by going to Account Settings, click Sign Out, and try to think of the original email address you registered with. Try logging in with that email address.
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$415 week
81 Dixon Drive, pimpama
- 4
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Please wait while we submit your enquiry
Thank you for your message. We'll be in touch soon!
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$415 a week
81 Dixon Drive, pimpama
- 4
- 2
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Its a HUGE home....don't miss outThis large home ticks all the boxes for the modern family boasting a very generous open plan living area decorated in neutral tones and a separate carpeted lounge area.
The roomy kitchen is a powerhouse of efficiency with substantial storage. A chefs delight with considerable large bench tops and quality modern appliances, perfect for the master chef within.
The bedrooms are wide and airy with the master presenting you an ensuite and walk in robe. All of the other bedrooms have built ins and ceiling fans.
Property Features:
* 4 Large Bedrooms
* Master with Ensuite (with air con)
* Open Plan Living flowing to Undercover Patio
* Air conditioning in the living area and master bedroom
* Built in Robes in all other bedrooms
* Ceiling Fans throughout
* Remote Double Lock Up
* Stainless Steel Appliances
* Close to Pimpama Junction Shopping Centre
Arranging an inspection is easy.
To book a time to inspect, simply click on 'Email Agent' to arrange.
By registering, you will be instantly informed of any updates, changes or cancellations for your appointment.
** Equivalent to 1 weeks rent only


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Straight from the groomers, full spring makeover:
Manicure, pedicure, ears and teeth cleaned, bath and haircut.
And she only looks that perfect ´till I let her off leash.
Good to have a pic of her looking like this at least!
1644 090331 900.jpg
Please credit photographer if you use the pics.


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May 07 10 - May Shows
Thanks to everybody for coming out to all the Neville Nation shows during Jazzfest. We appreciate the support and love seeing ya'll get down. We'll be back on the road at the end of May. Check out our tourdates page for the complete listings. Looking forward to hitting CA, NYC and more! We'd also like to congratulate Cyril on his award for "Song of the Year" at the Blues Music Awards for 'Pearl River' with Mike Zito.


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Waves up to 8 feet high pounded the Atlantic shore of Maryland and Delaware Tuesday as Tropical Storm Bertha churned up the coast offshore. The giant waves and rip-roaring surf consumed vast stretches of beach and forced water rescues. Lifeguards even ordered all swimmers out of the water for periods of time in Ocean City and Bethany.
Falls Church resident A.J. Wojciak, vacationing in Bethany Beach, described the scene:
I'd estimate [the waves] were a good 8 feet tall and crashed violently close to shore, both getting deep into the beach (all the way to the dunes) and pulling back hard. There were pools of water at the back of the beach near the dunes with currents running through them back down to the shore line, creating what were like rip tides onshore. The crashing sound of the surf was much more audible on the boardwalk and further back than usual.
Wojciak said his sons, attending a junior lifeguard camp, witnessed the rescue of a distressed swimmer:
Not long after the guards went off duty for the day, some folks foolishly decided to brave the waves. Makes no sense, but people old and young were doing it, some trying to body surf, others just swimming. Not surprisingly, not long after, some folks approached my kids' camp group frantically asking for help from the guards running the camp, saying there was a swimmer in trouble. At least one of the guards ran off, swam into the surf and rescued the person.
Rescues were also reported in Ocean City.
Lifeguards at ocean city evacuated everyone from the water because the waves are to big 🌊— Hannah Sembower (@hmsembower) August 5, 2014
Baltimore Meteorologist Justin Berk – on his Facebook page – believes an offshore sandbar was destroyed by a powerful undertow allowing large waves to reach sections of Ocean City's shoreline unimpeded:
This [image below] was at 89th St from Josie Skarm as she said the lifeguard was pleading with people to stay out [of] the growing 'sinkhole'. …
It appears an offshore sandbar was destroyed by the undertow allowing the strong waves to reach the beach and do this. Any normal day, larger waves break BEFORE reaching the beach, protecting it.
Broken beach? This was 89th St in #OCMD from Josie Skarm. Appears a sandbar broke= larger waves and beach erosion. pic.twitter.com/xL5DrfBrhG— Justin Berk (@JustinWeather) August 6, 2014
As of this morning, now post-Tropical Storm Bertha has raced off to the north and was positioned 305 miles south of Halifax, Nova Scotia.
The surf has relaxed at the Mid-Atlantic beaches, but waves are still higher than normal. This is good news for surfers and body boarders says chief meteorologist Wyatt Everhart at ABC2 Baltimore:
As is being forecast by SwellInfo.com , in terms of size, 3 to 4 foot waves will be likely overnight into the 1st part of Wednesday across the Maryland beaches.
While swimmers should use caution, this is exactly the type of swell surfers, longboarders, stand up paddlers (SUPs), and body boarders wait all summer for here on the East Coast.
Here's multi-media from the beaches yesterday from Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram….
Ocean City
via crystallight10 on Instagram
The force of the waves today in Ocean City was intense due to Bertha offshore. Many rescues all day long! pic.twitter.com/yaFz1ezUpv— Lori (@lomartin33) August 6, 2014
@capitalweather ocean city @72nd street pic.twitter.com/JULJnWgDpl— Rana (@Rana427) August 6, 2014
Wow! Big cut/erosion on the beach in north Ocean City today #tropicalstorm #Bertha pic.twitter.com/7uVZ3PQo1V— Justin Berk (@JustinWeather) August 5, 2014
Bethany Beach
@capitalweather Bethany Beach … about 3pm. pic.twitter.com/8h3RiAVvSo— me (@paigener) August 6, 2014
Video courtesy A.J. Wojciak, from Bethany Beach
Video courtesy Frank Roylance, from Bethany Beach
Video courtesy Frank Roylance, from Bethany Beach
Video courtesy Frank Roylance, from Bethany Beach


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My wife asked me if there was a device that would watch Tivo recordings, Netflix, and out library of our HD x264 AVI/MKV/MP4 movies. I told her, short of a home theater pc, that no such device existed that would do all three. Another Tivo box seems the logical answer since Tivo can play Netflix, however I found streaming movies using pyTivo was not the best alternative, there was a lot of stutter (not sure if it was due to wireless signal or decoding the movie file). Anyway, the ideal device would be able to play Tivo, Netflix, and HD x264 without streaming. I thought I would post here and ask you guys if such a device existed. Recommendations are welcome. Thanks!
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I've never heard of any device that supports Tivo except Tivo itself. I'm not claiming to be an expert as I do not own a Tivo, but as far as I know they encrypt their recordings. None of the media players will pay license fees, if it's even possible (Hollywood may not sanction this for all I know), to play Tivo files.
Western Digital makes some highly regarded media players that can meet your other needs. You can either stream or just hook up a USB device (hard drive or flash drive) and go from there. I have a first generation WD media player and I just copy what I want to see to a flash drive and plug it in. Do note that large external hard drives really should be in enclosures with their own power supplies. You may have problems with any media player trying to play a large hard drive from an enclosure that doesn't have its own power supply.
Originally Posted by jman98
However I don't know if there are any similar options for the hd versions of tivo. I would suspect that they are not open source mpg or ts files anymore. But they could be for over the air digital channels. That could be a possibility.
The poster should be more descriptive by what he means by tivo files. If these are realtime dubs done with a hauppauge hdpvr or another capture device that aren't encrypted files than anything will play them.
I too have a wdtv gen 1 and have been using it quite regularly now after not using it for a long time. It is quite versatile and can do a ton. The newer "live" models have an ethernet port so you can stream from the internet. There may even be a wifi model available, not sure as I haven't looked at all the details on the more current models.Donatello - The Shredder? Michelangelo - Maybe all that hardware is for making coleslaw?
To clarify, I'm talking about Tivo recordings that are on my Tivo. I haven't done anything to them. My wife asked me if there was a way to watch Netflix, our HD x264 movies, and the Tivo recordings stored on our Tivo (which is in the living room) on our bedroom TV.
Well as far as the tivo recordings you'd either have to dub them in realtime to either a dvd recorder or a computer with something like a hauppauge hdpvr or other capture device. As I mentioned I don't know if the newest tivo's have a file transfer option anymore, doubtful that they would.
As far as netflix and h264 movies you would need either a bluray player that can stream (either wireless or lan if you have a port in your room) and playback h264 files. Most do these days but you have to read up specifically what its capabilities are.
There are also things like the wdtv media player and its competitors that can do netflix and h264 (though only the newer "live" models of the wdtv can do it edit - stream off the internet that is, the earliest models don't have a lan port nor wifi abilities but live models do - and I dont' know which models of the wdtv can stream wirelessly).
If you have only one tivo and its in another room another option would be to get a wireless video sender. It would transmit the signal to a receiver unit on your tv. However if this is an hd model I'm not sure what options are available to transmit hd wirelessly.
For your tivo issue you might look into the different packages from slingbox. I think they have an inhouse option to watch from one tv to another wirelessly. You will need to read up on that for all the specifics.Donatello - The Shredder? Michelangelo - Maybe all that hardware is for making coleslaw?
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Here's a tune I penned called "Time & Tide". I never realised what I had with this tune when I first knocked together the demo, but it has resonated with the band and resulted in a studio version which I think is simply outstanding... but I'll let you be the final judge ;-)
In this preview mix, Stephen has stepped back to give me a chance to croon the vocals. The real magic however, comes in the form of some wonderful guitar-work from Martin Kirwan. The tune is stitched together with a little banjo and there you have it!
This song starts my new comic. We have arrived at a time of change. "The past: that safe haven where all is known." All that is certain is that nothing will ever be the same again. Wow!
And, because I can, here's another preview of the song that started this all off: the wonderful "Gone but not forgotten" where Stephen warns us of the trials of life on the move. This is still a firm favourite of mine. When I listen to this I can't help but picture a crazed gold-prospector bouncing across the desert on a flea-bitten burro. Yeehaw! :-D
There are a handful of other half-finished Trailmen numbers and ideas for new stuff, but for now this collaboration will just have to trickle along in the background.
On a related note: Here's a video with the results of a project that has been taking up approximately 48 hours of Stephen's scarce time. He describes it best:
"ι gυeѕѕ ι мay нave мade ѕoмe υnderѕтaтeмenтѕ.....
тнιѕ alвυм waѕ a 6 day projecт, ѕтarт тo ғιnιѕн. ι worĸ dυrιng тнe day, ғroм 7aм-4pм. ι calcυlaтed тнe тιмe ι ѕpenт on тнιѕ alвυм, and ι worĸed on ιт ғroм ѕтarт тo ғιnιѕн a тoтal oғ 24-32нrѕ.
noт a noтe wrιттen вeғoreнand, тнιѕ тнιng ѕprang υp ғroм тнιn aιr.
ι need мy ғrιendѕ and ғanѕ тo нelp мe ѕpread тнιѕ тнιng.... ιмagιne wнaт ι'м capaвle oғ ιғ ι нad 6 мonтнѕ ιn тнe ѕтυdιo wιтн ѕoмe тop noтcн ѕoғтware...
waιт тιll yoυ lιѕтen on 5.1 ѕυrroυnd. ιтѕ ιncredιвle, тнe qυalιтy wιтн ѕo lιттle тιмe and eqυιpмenт. ι can'т waιт тo ѕee wнaт нappenѕ neхт :)"
I've had a listen and it is a definite hit with me. If you'd like to help Stephen fund his unhealthy love of Dean Guitars then you can do this by buying the album from Bandcamp. Go do it.
Finally, I leave you with a reminder of the collaboration that started me on my slip into cowboy madness. The Wanted EP is still available from a number of places for free. The first song "Knife" just appeared on Episode 711 of Intangible 23. That was a nice reminder for me and one that made me start wondering whether Pancho would be up for one last encore. Could I maybe entice him into a guest slot with the Trailmen. That would be something, wouldn't it! We may need to wait for him to get out of prison first. ;-) Ha ha


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|Lesson 35: Random Access Files
Position in a File
Let's say we have opened a file stream myfile for reading (getting), myfile.tellg () gives us the current get position of the file pointer. It returns a whole number of type long, which is the position of the next character to be read from that file. Similarly, tellp () function is used to determine the next position to write a character while writing into a file. It also returns a long number.
For example, given an fstream object aFile:
Streampos original = aFile.tellp();
//save current position
So tellg () and tellp () are the two very useful functions while reading from or writing into the files at some certain positions.
Setting the Position
The next thing to learn is how can we position into a file or in other words how can we move forward and backward within a file. Suppose we want to open a file and start reading from 100th character. For this, we use seekg () and seekp () functions. Here seekg () takes us to a certain position to start reading from while seekp () leads to a position to write into. These functions seekg () and seekp () requires an argument of type long to let them how many bytes to move forward or backward. Whether we want to move from the beginning of a file, current position or the end of the file, this move forward or backward operation, is always relative to some position.. From the end of the file, we can only move in the backward direction. By using positive value, we tell these functions to move in the forward direction .Likewise, we intend to move in the backward direction by providing a negative number. By writing:
aFile. seekg (10L, ios::beg)
We are asking to move 10 bytes forward from the begining of the file. Similarly, by writing:
aFile. seekg (20L, ios::cur)
We are moving 20 bytes in the forward direction starting from the current position. Remember, the current position can be obtained using the tellg () function.By writing:
aFile. seekg (-10L, ios:cur)
The file pointer will move 10 bytes in the backward direction from the current position. With seekg (-100L, ios::end), we are moving in the backward direction by 100 bytes starting from the end of the file. We can only move in the forward direction from the beginning of the file and backward from the end of the file.
seekg() and tellg() Functions
One of the useful things we can do by employing these functions is to determine the length of the file. Think about it, how can we do it. In the previous lessons, we have discussed strlen () function that gives the number of characters inside a string. This function can also be used to determine the length of the string placed inside an array. That will give us the number of characters inside the string instead of the array length. As you already know that the length of the array can be longer than the length of the string inside it. For example, if we declare an array of 100 characters but store "Welcome to the C Tutorial" string in it, the length of the string is definitely smaller than the actual size of the array and some of the space of the array is unused. Similarly in case of files, the space occupied by a file (file size) can be more than the actual data length of the file itself. Why the size of the file can be greater than the actual data contained in that file? The answer is little bit off the topic yet it is be good to discuss. As you know, the disks are electromagnetic devices. They are very slow as compared to the controlling electronic devices like Processors and RAM (Random Access Memory). If we want to perform read or write operations to the disk in character by character fashion, it will be very wasteful of computer time. Take another example. Suppose ,we want to write a file, say 53 bytes long to the disk . After writing it, the next file will start from 54th byte on the disk.
Obviously, this is very wasteful operation of computer time. Moreover, it is also very complex in terms of handling file storage on the disk. To overcome this problem, disks are divided into logical blocks (chunks or clusters) and size of one block is the minimum size to read and write to the disk. While saving a file of 53 bytes, we can't allocate exactly 53 bytes but have to utilize at least one block of disk space. The remaining space of the block except first 53 bytes, goes waste. Therefore, normally the size of the file (which is in blocks) is greater than the actual data length of the file. When this file will be read from the disk, the whole chunk (block) is read instead of the actual data length. By using seekg () function, we can know the actual data length of the file. For that purpose, we will open the file and go to the end of the file by asking the seekg () function to move 0 bytes from the end of the file as: seekg (0, ios::end). Afterwards, (as we are on end of file position), we will call tellg () to give the current position in long number. This number is the actual data bytes inside the file. We used seekg () and tellg () functions combination to determine the actual data length of a file.
/* This is a sample program
to determine the length of a file. The program accepts the name of the
file as a command-line argument. */
outFile.open(argv[1], ios::app);
Run this program to see its output that shows different results for both input and output modes.
NEXT>>>>>Lesson 36. Efficient File Handling


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Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping America and the world. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research in the areas of U.S. politics and policy views; media and journalism; internet and technology; religion and public life; global attitudes; Hispanic trends and U.S. social and demographic trends. Pew Research does not take policy positions. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Pew Research Center's work is carried out by a staff of 130.
Position Summary:
The Director's internship is an opportunity during the summer of 2015 for students with an interest in public opinion, survey, or demographic research. Interns will join a small team of researchers and be expected to assist with various aspects of the research process. This may include survey questionnaire development, data management, statistical analysis of public opinion and/or demographic data, reporting of results and quality control. For all of these tasks, attention to detail and individual judgment are critical in maintaining the highest standards of accuracy and impartiality.
The Pew Research Center has seven research projects. Director's interns will be placed with one of the projects, based on their interests and skills. Applicants should indicate in their personal statement which (up to three) projects they are interested in working with.
Projects/Departments Overview
Pew Research Center's politics research group studies American attitudes toward politics, the press and public policy issues. In this role it serves as a valuable information resource for political leaders, journalists, scholars and citizens. The politics research group conducts regular weekly and monthly polls on politics and major policy issues in the United States. In addition, the Center periodically fields major surveys on political values, the news media and social issues. Over the course of summer 2016, projects will include surveys about interest and engagement in the 2016 election, and views of partisanship, as well as key policy issues.
The Journalism research group assesses the state of news and information in a changing society through its annual State of the News Media report and other special reports. Major reports throughout the year examine news coverage, economic models for news, social media and news, and audience trends.
Internet, Science, & Technology
The Internet, Science & Technology research group conducts original research that explores the growth of the internet and technology and the impacts on children, families, communities, the workplace, schools, health care and civic/political life. Major reports have examined technology and social media use, health online, libraries in a digital age, Americans' views of science and technology.
The Religion research group delivers information on issues at the intersection of religion and public affairs in the U.S. and around the world. Major reports examine politics and faith, religious beliefs and practices, and global religious demographics.
Pew Global Attitudes examines international public opinion on a broad range of issues, from people's assessments of their own lives to views about the current state of the world. Each year, it conducts surveys across the world.
The Hispanic Trends research group seeks to improve public understanding of the diverse Hispanic population in the United States and to chronicle Latinos' growing impact on the nation.
Pew Social & Demographic Trends studies behaviors and attitudes of Americans in key realms of their daily lives, using original survey research and analysis of government data. Major reports have examined the racial wealth gap, generations in America, and marriage & family trends.
Primary Responsibilities
- Assisting in the production of reports; creating tables, charts and slides in MS Office suite.
- Assisting with data analysis and drafting materials for reports and blog posts.
- Data management, maintaining and reviewing internal files and databases.
- Number checking, fact checking, proofing.
- Assisting staff with special projects and related research, as necessary.
- Directors interns must be rising juniors or seniors.
- Experience with data management and analysis in SPSS or other statistical software (Stata, R, etc.) and at least one course in statistical methods/quantitative research methods required
- Background in political science, sociology, economics, social psychology, statistics, or related fields preferred.
- Though not required, applicants with a background/interest in journalism or data science should highlight those skills in the application
Knowledge, Skill and Workplace
- A "numbers" person with strong quantitative and statistical skills.
- Strong writing and communication skills
- Experience with MS Word, Excel and PowerPoint.
- A particular interest in the content of one or more of the individual projects of the Pew Research Center.
- Ability to balance numerous tasks simultaneously, meet tight deadlines and work as a member of a team.
Application materials:
- Your resume.
- In your statement of purpose:
- Highlight your skills and describe in detail your quantitative and statistical experience, including use of specific statistical software programs.
- **Please specify which research areas you are most interested in applying for and why those areas are of interest.**
Finalists for the internship may be asked to provide (at a later date):
- A copy of an undergraduate transcript (unofficial transcripts are acceptable).
- A writing sample.
- Names and contact information for additional academic or professional references.
2016 Intern Reflection
My summer at Pew Research Center was an incredibly interesting and rewarding experience. I w as lucky enough to be an intern on the Politics team where I learned the art and science of creating surveys, analyzing large amounts of data, and building compelling graphics and reports for publication. As an intern during a uniquely exciting election year, I felt our work at Pew was important and meaningful for the average citizen: it was timely, unbiased, and factual. My colleagues were always willing to spend time teaching me something new. This led to one of my most exciting projects where we used machine learning techniques to fill gaps in survey data and create interactive visualizations of candidate support in the 2016 elections.
Pew's commitment to objective research taught me to observe carefully and collect facts untainted by personal biases. Interning there gave me the opportunity to hone useful skills and the perspective to apply them correctly. I became a better writer, a better coder, and a more engaged citizen. I highly recommend this Director's Internship for anyone interested in statistics and public polling.
Richa Cahturvedi '18
2015 Intern Reflection:
My internship at the Pew Research Center was an invaluable experience. While working for the Politics team, I was able to participate in the entire report publication process. I had the chance to sit in on brainstorming meetings, help write and edit surveys, analyze data, and create graphics and text for reports. My highlight of the summer was being able to write for the Pew blog, otherwise known as Fact Tank. I enjoyed my experience not only due to the interesting work that I did, but also because of the friendly faces I saw every day. The office is filled with very smart and motivated colleagues who enjoy keeping up to date with the news and talking over coffee.
One of the qualities I liked best about Pew is that the research we published was timely - everything corresponded to a news event that was happening at the moment. Furthermore, through my internship I was able to develop my writing and statistical skills. I learned how to write in a way that was concise, factual, and objective. I also had the chance to work with new statistical software and analyze issues in a quantitative way. Overall, I enjoyed working for an organization with such a dedication to accuracy and impartiality.
Camila Rey '16


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February 10th, 2009, 05:19 PM #1Link Management - Downloading Links
When you download all of your links through the available links section, is there a way to see what the alt text is for every link? I can see the merchandising text, but could not see the alt text. Is this possible or not?
February 11th, 2009, 04:06 PM #2
The alt text is not included in the download or upload for advertisers. It is included in the download for publishers in the HTML code.
I pass along your request for review.
Thank you,
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"I got this recipe from my ex-husbands late grandmother. She taught me this and I fix this all the time. My family loves these and you can fix these when you want something simple and sweet. You can also fix these for any occasion. you can also make cinniamon rolls and omit the chocolate"
Hersheys Chocolate Rolls
0 recipe photos
READY IN:1hr
YIELD:12-18 rolls
Ingredients Nutrition
- 2 cups flour
- 1⁄4 cup shortening
- 1⁄4 cup butter, softened
- 1 cup milk
- 2 tablespoons butter, soften
- 1 tablespoon sugar
- 1 tablespoon vanilla
- 1 1⁄2 cups sugar
- 6 tablespoons Hersheys cocoa powder
- 2 cups water
- Preheat oven 350 to 375 degrees.
- Roll out biscuit dough thin.
- Spread soften butter on top of dough.
- Add sugar to butter.
- Add vanilla to butter and sugar.
- Roll up into a log, pinch sides.
- Cut into 2 inch rolls.
- Place in a 9x11x13 cake pan.
- Put in preheated oven until golden brown.
- In deep sauce pan mix well sugar and cocoa.
- Add water to cocoa mixture until well blended.
- Bring to a boil until thick.
- When rolls are golden brown let them cool off.
- Pour chocolate syrup on top of rolls.
- Let set for about 1 1/2 hrs to 2hrs. This gives the chocolate to be soaked up.
- Serve and enjoy. Even better in the mornings with coffee. Servings vary. Time fixing also varies.
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text:
Severna Park Automotive
ReScore Reviews™ (1)
99% Would Recommend
Latest Review 3 days ago
Review for Severna Park Automotive
Catherine M. on 11/18/2014
Catherine said they were really nice and helpful. There were no surprises during her inspection.
Vehicle: Ford Mustang
Category: Service
Service Date: 11/17/2014
Review Created: 11/18/2014
This review was collected via phone interview by Customer Research Inc.


text:
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text: Imagination Imagination Fiction Juvenile works 1961 1973 James has lived with his two beastly aunts ever since his parents were eaten up outside London Zoo by an angry rhinoceros. Aunt Sponge and Aunt Spiker are really horrible and it takes a great deal of magic to completely change James' wretched existence and take him on an amazing journey. 10224120 en James and the giant peach 10224120 Fantasy fiction Children's stories Fantasy fiction Dahl Roald Roald Dahl Children's stories Puffin Books 9780140306231 0140306234 Juvenile 1973 Burkert Nancy Ekholm Nancy Ekholm Burkert 2017-11-22 Harmondsworth enk Puffin books Puffin books.