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Contact Info / Websites
- sydneytucker4
Entry #4
I enjoy typing a review for my own pleasure usually because I sound Smarter when typing rather then talking because of my Shit grammar.
Review of Call of Duty FInest Hour.
Gameplay - I thought the Gameplay was a little sluggish. Controls felt like you were being shoved by someone. The frame rate drops when there is a lot of Action. The only time you will have Truly smooth Gameplay is if you are in a room alone. Other then that it is fine. However their is no local Multiplayer. I am a huge Halo fan and Halo before Halo 2 was mostly known for having great four player Split screen. Even GoldenEye for the 64 had Local multiplayer. This is a Bad thing if you actually have friends. XD
Sound - The music was good but never mind blowing. Unlike the GH or Tony Hawk games released by Activision the sound is Completely Original. Mostly old timey Orchestrated stuff however. It is really good but it is kinda bland.
Story - The story is you play in WW2 battles and play as Russian, British, or American Armies to take down germany. The story never interested me because I personally think most American History is boring. Any history buff however would love the story line.
Online Gaming - The Xbox and PS2 versions come with online but the GameCube version does not support because I don't think the online Adaptor was made in 2004. Also, I think only the Phantasy Star games ever got Gamecube online features. Now I am getting off track. The Xbox no longer has online play so I guess you have to stick with the PS2 version. This game still has it's original servers up with about 20 to 30 people still online. I think this online mode was pretty fun but From what I played there seemed to be only Two Game variations. Although I didn't really do any research before writing this so bare with me.
Overall - Even though most COD fanboys would say stuff like "this game sux cus it ain't got no zombiez or runnin stuff in it". I still would say this is one of my favorite and I can say for one thing this review doesn't give the Game justice. I say the last good COD game was either WOW or MW3. Next up is COD2 Big red one which (SPOILERS) is Vastly better in almost every aspect.
7.9/10 Great!
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2012-06-30 14:40:40
Is this your rating out of 100/


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Over 1.8 million nonprofits and charities for donors, volunteers and funders
Causes: Economic Development
Mission: The organization's mission is to provide financial opportunities to stimulate economic development on the wind river indian reservation for an enhanced quality of life for the community.
Programs: Lending - provides loans to small businesses on or near wind river indian reservation for business purposes or community development projects.
development services - provides training and technical assistance to entrepreneurs on or near wind river indian reservation. Sponsors annual business expo for networking opportunities and teaches a business planning course.

subset: commoncrawl


text: I hope this isn't a repeat, but posted for info purposes in order to avoid confusion. Wrong version number posted. At this link:Support - Article Sprint has posted the wrong version number. They state: Current Version: 3.26.651.3 I believe this is the version that HTC prematurely posted, and was withdrawn. The current version shoud be: Current Version: 3.26.651.6 This may confuse some people with the wrong one being posted. I have posted this info to their Forum.


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DC is best known for its popular skate shoes and they are worn in MX circles by guys like Ricky Carmichael, Jeff Emig and Ernesto Fonseca. DC also make some pretty trick clothing and accessories like this Synax backpack. You can check out more excellent DC Shoe Co. products by visiting www.dcshoeco.com
Even though Amber begged and pleaded to not take her bag away, we pried it out of her clutches and will award it to the FIFTH reader who answers the following questions correctly via e mail.
1. What number did Ricky Carmichael gain amateur fame with?
2. What was RC's first AMA pro number?
3. What outside-industry sponsor did Ernesto Fonseca have as an amateur?
4. What number did Jeff Emig gain amateur fame with?
5. Name a professional athlete in another sport that is sponsored by DC Shoe Co.
E mail your answers to firstname.lastname@example.com


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Time for a Facebook Blog Hop Friday
It's that time again when By Word Of Mouth Musings is hosting a Facebook Hop. A great opportunity to meet some new Facebook friends.
Add your Facebook link, visit links in the By Word Of Mouth Musings Post, enjoy introducing yourself to a new friend & share other links.
Don't forget to visit By Word Of Mouth Musings Facebook Page!
So very easy and so much to learn about one another!
Feel free to leave a comment with this post to share Facebook & blog links and I always welcome comments!!
Happy Facebook Blog Hop!
Hosted by: By Word Of Mouth Musings


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2nd December 2013 – by Jolyon Howorth - europeangeostrategy.org
The Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) is currently in limbo. With the European Union's (EU) southern and eastern neighbourhoods in a state of relative turmoil, with the United States' (US) tilt to Asia, with draconian defence cuts being applied in every Member State, with the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) still searching for a role, CSDP is floundering. The European Council on Security and Defence in December will address its status and future
Prognoses for the success of the December Council range from pessimistic to dire. Most commentators predict minimal progress on essentially technical issues. This is a recipe for failure. The summit is too necessary to risk being a non-event. It should not be about fine-tuning. If CSDP is to develop into a policy area with a future, it is time to ask some probing, fundamental questions.
In its brief fifteen-year history, CSDP has achieved a great deal. But most progress has been incremental, reactive, ad-hoc, piecemeal, experimental and inchoate. It is time to stop muddling through and to establish, at the very least, what exactly CSDP is attempting to achieve. The December Council needs to rethink three key issues: strategic vision; autonomy; intervention.
Strategic Vision
EU officials tend to shun 'grand strategy'. Yet to posit the need for a more strategic approach is to insist that there needs to be clear agreement on basic objectives, and on the means of achieving them. To this extent, the 2003 European Security Strategy was not a strategy since it ignored the relationship between means and ends. The 2008 'Review' was not a review since it contented itself with a minor updating of the 2003 text. The world is undergoing a process of power transition. What does the EU hope to accomplish in such a world?
There is a lively debate in the US about potential transition scenarios, beginning with diametrically contradictory views about the appropriate role for the US post-Afghanistan. More substantially, John Ikenberry foresees the liberal international order co-opting into its institutions and values all of the emerging powers. Robert Hutchings and Frederick Kempe insist, on the contrary, that 'the West' will have to make major concessions to 'the Rest' and forge a 'global grand bargain' ushering in a new global order acceptable to all the major actors. Charles Kupchan imagines a world in which no one power will enjoy dominance, still less hegemony. These are totally different scenarios. There seems to be no echo of this debate in the EU. It is time to start one.
We should recall why the word 'autonomous' in the December 1998 Saint-Malo Declaration was so important. It was predicated on the belief that EU Member States would take security and defence more seriously through an EU agency rather than through NATO – where the habit of free-riding is deeply engrained. The EU should be able to decide for itself what to do and with which instruments. Those were important foundational principles. It was crucial in the early years to allow CSDP to grow in its own way, without being micro-managed from Washington. But has the EU actually delivered on the promise of autonomy? In 2013, it remains hugely dependent on NATO and on the US for more or less everything other than the very simplest of missions. Given the scale of ambition revealed to date, what has 'autonomy' produced?
It is widely agreed since the Libya fiasco that CSDP must enter into much deeper and intensive cooperation with NATO. Both NATO and CSDP are currently in a state of existential self-interrogation. What does it mean under those circumstances to insist that CSDP should remain autonomous? As one who initially argued in favour of autonomy in order for CSDP to breathe life into itself, I now believe the EU should cooperate intensively with NATO, in order to turn their joint efforts into an effective and appropriate regional capacity for the stabilisation of the greater European area.
We need a heart-searching re-appraisal of intervention as an activity and as a principle. The recent debate on Syria's chemical weapons is instructive. How can we be sure that, through our intervention, we will make matters better rather than worse – or no different? That is the only question of significance. There is much talk about CSDP being a 'security provider'. But does the EU really know how to achieve that with any degree of durability? There have been no fewer than five CSDP missions in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In what sense have they 'provided' lasting 'security'?
If the EU is to become a security and defence actor – even at the regional level – it needs to tackle these issues head on. There is little purpose in simply re-arranging the deckchairs. The Council should, as a minimum, set in motion a process through which tough questions can be addressed.
* Prof. Jolyon Howorth is an Associate Editor of European Geostrategy. He is also Visiting Professor of Political Science and International Affairs at Yale University and Jean Monnet Professor ad personam of European Politics and Emeritus Professor of European Studies at the University of Bath. He writes here in a personal capacity.
commenter cet article


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Tell the truth or don't say anything at all!
There is such a thing call ethics when it comes to telling the truth about a review or a games flaws. We have always decided to take the stand here that if we don't like a game we tell you unlike some of the other blogs around.
This all stems from a bunch of things that was said on our Blog compared to what is said on other blogs around the web. Some others, I will leave unnamed MMO Blogs will tell you a different story when it comes to how a game is, but really in the background the blog is taking money for advertising.
Sample excerpt taken from competed blog.
They write a preview/review and list out at least 15 problems with game play etc. Then close out the mammoth writing by saying, but even with all these problems the game is still fun and we'll continue to play it. Yeah right.
Don't worry I will continue to read your blog so I can get a dose of laughs each day.
If taking money from games companies for advertising game makes it so you can't tell the truth then you're lying to the people that come to your blog. That means you have no ethics and your blog sucks! We will not feed you anything like that here.
If you want to advertise here and you can't handle a critique of your work, then go away until you grow up. We don't need you and more importantly the gaming community doesn't need or the crap you pass off as games.
We do not hold back out writers ever. They write from the heart and will always continue to do so. If these other guys don't they are lying to themselves and more importantly to you the reader. That is one promise that will always be guaranteed here!
Beer and Joysticks Promise #1: All writers will write as they see fit and call it like they see it always. We will not be bribed!
3 responses to Tell the truth or don't say anything at all!
The above article is so informative.Always we say something,which is true and logical and informative.Reading the above article,i have been cleared about many things.Thanks a lot to admin giving such type of post.
I am on side that is tell the truth not saying anything at all.Cause we all know that someday the truth must be published by fair means or foul so why I will late.Besides, I want to lead my life as a honest man that's why I like telling truth whatever happens I don't care.
The above article is good enough to understand about the truth and logical informative. Anything may rises in human days but truth is worth. And I do agree tell truth or seal mouth. Thank for the post.


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Sam Bottoms
Jump to
Sam Bottoms grew up in a family of actors. All three of his brothers have tried their hand at the craft, with brother Timothy ("Johnny Got His Gun," "The Last Picture Show") the most well known. Sam's career, however, was distinguished by Francis Ford Coppola's Vietnam War epic "Apocalypse Now," in which he played the California surfer turned riverboat gunner, Lance B. Johnson. The role of a So-Cal surfer was not far from Bottoms' real-life background; he had grown up as a surfer in Santa Barbara. Bottoms portrayed Johnson as a wide-eyed, eager-to-please greenhorn whose innocence seems to serve as his protection in the hostile jungle. Bottoms got his first acting job when he followed his brother down to the set of "The Last Picture Show." He was spotted hanging around, and wound up in the picture as Billy, the speech-impaired street sweeper. Bottoms also appeared in a couple of Clint Eastwood Westerns, "The Outlaw Josey Wales" and "Bronco Billy." He never really got to work on another film at the level of "Apocalypse Now," but he did have a solid career that, in later years, centered on television. He played Cal Trask in the TV miniseries version of "East of Eden" and guest-starred on episodes of "21 Jump Street," "Murder, She Wrote," and "NYPD Blue," among others. He died of a brain tumor at the age of 53.


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We continue to experience phenomenally fine weather in the shadow of Shasta which our guests have enjoyed to the fullest. Daytime highs mean steelheading on the Klamath River in shirtsleeves midday while the Lower Sacramento River has required an extra layer of sunscreen while chasing trophy trout. We are certain to get some more weather before winter (?) is over but we plan to savor the year round fishing and sunshine while we can.
The Klamath River continues to fish just fair to good. Conditions are nearly ideal, but the fair weather seems to have confused the fish and they have gotten a bit stale and refuse to eat. We have not yet seen the wide open bite we most often experience when the winter temps increase like this. Water temps continue to hover close to forty degrees and while we have managed to swing up a few fish dredging with sink tips, nymphing with legs and eggs continues to be the best bet. Hopefully the next storm will bring in a few fresh fish and spark the bite. The good news is that some of the steelies we've seen lately have been a bit bigger than the norm, including an exceptional big buck Gabriel Lopez enjoyed with Craig this past weekend. Sorry it was camera shy and we failed to snap a shot of this red striped wild beauty.
We have also experienced a slow bite on the Lower Sacramento River most days and while the number of fish to net each day might not be what we hoped, the size of the fish has made up for it more than once, including a Shasta Trout Hawg of Fame entry by great local guide Gabe Duran. Gabe grew up on the banks of the Lower Sac and has fished it his entire life, so it comes as no surprise when finds a winter haunt and hooks a hawg. Most of the fish have recently come on the midday caddis hatches, both some early spring time # 16 olives and some confused #14 tan summer caddis? Early and late in the day local guide Fred Gordon's Prince pattern, PT's, and Micromays in #16's & 18's along with eggs continue to find a few fish. The famed spring caddis is just around the corner, conditions couldn't be better, and prime dates are still available, drop us a line to schedule one of the finest local guides.
As mentioned previously, Craig hosted Gabriel Lopez, the gifted and talented creator of Lazy Lopez productions where you will find some of his exceptional photography and video. Gabe is also a superb angler and enjoyed a weekend away from work, the big city and traffic, though he did admit missing is charming wife and new son. I reminded him that his son would be fishing with us sooner than he thinks! He enjoyed taking some time to swing a two handed rod on some of the most productive runs on the Klamath. While he was unable to get a hook up he did fish some very good water well. Fortunately he connected on several occasions nymphing both from the boat as well as from shore and the weather and sunsets were spectacular. Look for an upcoming post on his website on his adventure.
Earlier in the week Craig enjoyed a reunion with Dennis for a trip on the Lower Sacramento River. Dennis is a retired teacher and coach from Paradise High School, Craig's alma mater. Dennis coached a wrestling team that garnered a number of awards including state champions. Dennis was just recently inducted into the Californias's wrestling Hall of Fame. They reminisced, discussed old friends and even managed to catch a few trout, including Dennis' first fly caught fish on the Lower Sac. They are planning another reunion soon.
Our good friends Dan, Donna and Richard returned to try their luck with their spey rods swinging for winter steelhead on the Klamath. Each of them managed a few grabs, we had a couple hook ups but were a bit unlucky and didn't manage to bring a fish to hand. The following day, great local guide Jim Andras joined Craig for a day of nymphing and everyone found success, including a few very hot fish. Again the weather was cooperative though the bite on the Klamath did not take off as we had hoped. We are still waiting for one of those epic weeks we typically experience in these kind of conditions.
Over the last weekend in January, guides Craig Nielsen, Alan Blankenship, Jim Andras, Gabe Duran and Chris King hosted a group of ten anglers from the Diablo Valley Fly Fishing Club at the Klamathon Lodge. Again the fishing could not have been much better but the bite really turned tough. While everyone was able to catch a fish or few winter steelheading, this is not the norm under these conditions on the Klamath. Steve even managed to save and celebrate his first fish of the trip until the very last run, on the last day on what was likely his last pass! This group understands the challenges of winter steelheading, and despite the slow bite, they appreciated the efforts of hard working knowledgeable local guides and the camaraderie of their fellow club members. This is the third trip of the season for this club and they are certain to return. Availability at Klamathon Lodge is limited and we still have a few openings for the Salmonfly Hatch this spring. Drop us a line to schedule your group while they last.


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Lacombe in more controversy
By Partick Haond
Last Updated: 01/01/70 1:00am
PSG's coach Guy Lacombe has dropped two of his stars from the Uefa Cup return.
Paris Saint Germain's controversial week has continued with coach Guy Lacombe choosing to leave two of his stars out of the Uefa Cup return leg against Derry City.
The Ligue 1 outfit were held to a disappointing 0-0 draw away on September 14, and have suspended midfielder Vikash Dhorasoo since for his criticism of the coach.
But Lacombe has now made the controversial decision to drop French international Jerome Rothen and centre back Mario Yepes from his squad for the crucial showdown at the Parc des Princes on Thursday.
Neither player featured in the first leg, but Lacombe has confirmed that he will rest winger Rothen, with whom he has had stormy relations in the past.
"Rothen is fit to play, but he will resume slowly to rediscover a good feeling on the pitch," Lacombe confirmed.
"I have nothing more to say about Jerome Rothen."
Centre back Yepes should also be left training with the reserves after his omission.
"Yepes is experiencing a difficult period," Lacombe explained.
The big defender has not had the best of starts to the season, and has been guilty of conceding a number of penalties.
With frontman Bonaventure Kalou also having experienced his troubles with the boss, it could well be a busy time for the club in the transfer window this winter.


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Northside Planning Council is a nonprofit community development corporation located on the northside of Madison. With the goal of advancing racial and economic equity, NPC's areas of focus include small business incubation, food security, regional food system coordination, vocational training, commercial district revitalization, community journalism and technology, grassroots leadership development, and community organizing. NPC oversees programs such as Healthy Food For All (ensuring all Dance county children and families can access affordable, healthy, and culturally appropriate food to achieve better health outcomes and quality of life), and the FEED Bakery Training Program (providing job training for un/under-employed people in Dane Co by teaching baking skills and life skills, getting them ServSafe and WI Bakers Association certified, and providing mentoring and job search assistance following graduation).
Established in 1985, the Wisconsin Indian Education Association works to promote educational opportunities for Indian people in Wisconsin through a unified effort of Indian and non-Indian members interested in the social and economic advancement of Indian people. Board members actively focus on issues that affect Indian education in many ways, including meeting with state legislators about teaching Wisconsin Indian history in public schools, advising the Department of Public Instruction about issues affecting Indians in public schools, and providing input to both the UW system schools and Wisconsin Technical College Systems regarding recruitment and retention of minority students and an equitable distribution of funds for multicultural programs. WIEA also oversees the disbursement of scholarship monies for American Indian students in Wisconsin, and holds an annual Statewide Indian Education Conference every April.
Founded in 1980, the Rainbow Project is a local, non-profit counseling clinic that provides crisis treatment and early intervention services to young children and their families who have experienced or witnessed trauma, such as child abuse, child sexual abuse, neglect, domestic violence and community violence. The Rainbow Project's unique "hands- on" approach is unlike that of any other therapy clinic because it includes home, daycare and school visits as well as in-clinic treatment. It is the Rainbow Project's mission to provide all families with a safe, healthy and nurturing world where children can thrive.
Gilda's Club offers a supportive, welcoming environment for those with cancer, along with their families and friends. Gilda's Club is a place where people of all ages can share their experiences, questions, and feelings while sharing a cup of coffee, playing in the kids' Noogieland area, or participating in support groups. Gilda's also offers lectures, workshops, and a variety of social events from Spring Potlucks to Game Nights. The Wellness Community and Gilda's Club offers about 50 locations throughout the US and Canada for people to come together and find emotional and social support during their cancer journey.
OutReach works to create a community where the presence and contribution of LGBTQ people are welcomed and celebrated; where intolerance is challenged and defeated; where justice prevails; and where civil rights of all people are valued and respected. Willma's Fund specifically works to help homeless LGBTQ community members.


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Would you please take a few moments to vote
for your Austin AMFT 2018 Board candidates
by completing the survey sent to you?
Thank you very much.
We can help you find a therapist. No matter who you are, no matter what your situation, there is someone who can help you.
Find more information on the wide range of specialists available to assist you.Click here
Featured member
be A MEMBER of AAMFT
We are the Austin Chapter of The Texas Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (TAMFT), and a division of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT).
Our mission is to unite students, service agencies, and emerging and seasoned professionals to promote the licensure of marriage and family therapists, clinical systemic thinking, and to distinguish the field of Marriage & Family Therapy as unique and beneficial to the greater Austin community.
If you have any questions feel free to email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Austin AMFT is calling for speaker proposals for our 2017 monthly luncheons!We are looking for dynamic speakers to present on a wide range of clinical topics as seen through a systemic lens in working with individuals, families, and/or couples and how your work impacts the family system, community, and/or socio-cultural spheres.
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 10, 1981
|Filing date
|Sep 27, 1979
|Priority date
|Sep 2, 1977
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Wulf von Bonin, Peter Vehlewald
|Original Assignee
|Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (11), Referenced by (52), Classifications (23)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a division, of application Ser. No. 936,673 filed Aug. 24, 1978 and now U.S. Pat. No. 4,198,333 issued Apr. 15, 1980.
The present invention relates to stable suspensions of inorganic fillers in polyhydroxyl compounds which are suitable for the production of polyurethanes and to the use thereof for the production of polyurethane resins.
The combination of organic and inorganic raw materials to form a composite material has been known industrially for a long time, for example, when filling rubbers or thermoplastics with inorganic fillers, pigmenting lacquers with inorganic pigments or producing molded plastics material.
In contrast to the above-mentioned rubbers, thermoplastics or molded plastics which are essentially solids and in which the fillers are substantially unchanged in their distribution after incorporation, the polyols generally used in polyurethane chemistry are liquid substances which are only converted into solids or rubbery products after reaction with polyisocyanates.
Inorganic fillers usually have specific gravities above two while the specific gravities of the polyols are generally around one. There is thus such a large difference between the specific gravities of the two components that suspensions of even very finely ground inorganic pigments deposit sediments in the polyols after a certain period. This is particularly true when the polyols have the relatively low viscosities generally required in practice for processing.
This problem represents a considerable obstacle when using inorganic fillers in polyurethane chemistry. Understandably, it is desirable to have such suspensions in a form which is storage stable thus making an additional mixing process for homogenizing the suspensions during storage or before use unnecessary.
An object of the present invention is therefore to prepare storage stable suspensions of inorganic fillers in polyols of the type used in the production of polyurethanes. This object could be achieved in accordance with the teachings of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 856,075 filed on Nov. 30, 1977 U.S. Pat. No. 4,207,227, Issue Date June 10, 1980 by dispersing the inorganic fillers in specific polyhydroxyl compounds containing carboxyl groups, described in more detail below and by optionally diluting the suspensions thus formed with other polyhydroxyl compounds. Polyhydroxyl compounds containing carboxyl groups may be produced simultaneously with the dispersing process in this case. During further processing by this method, it was found that the carboxyl group content could lead to turbulence if the suspensions produced in this way were to be converted into polyurethanes.
However, it has now been surprisingly found that stable and undisturbed suspensions which may be converted into polyurethanes are also formed if the carboxyl groups are completely or partially neutralized by organic or inorganic bases.
The present invention relates to storage stable suspensions which comprise
(1) from 0.5 to 80%, by weight, based on the total suspension, of an inorganic filler in
(2) from 20 to 99.5%, by weight, based on the total suspension, of polyhydroxyl compounds containing aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydroxyl groups,
wherein said polyhydroxyl compounds (2) contain from 0.05 to 10%, preferably from 0.1 to 3%, by weight, based on (1)+(2) of a graft polymer, which has been produced by the free-radical polymerization of
(a) from 1 to 35%, by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, based on the graft polymer, of an olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid and
(b) from 0 to 60%, by weight, preferably from 5 to 40% by weight, based on the graft polymer, of other olefinically unsaturated monomers in the presence of
(c) from 5 to 99%, by weight, based on the graft polymer of polyhydroxyl compounds,
wherein the carboxyl groups of the graft polymer are completely or partially neutralized by an organic or inorganic base.
The present invention also relates to the use of the dispersions obtained by the process as synthesis components in the production of foamed and unfoamed polyurethane resins by the isocyanate polyaddition process.
Suitable inorganic fillers include, for example, kaolins, talcum, mica, tuff, lava, powdered asbestos, glass, chalk, dolomite, bentonites, alkali metal or ammonium phosphates and polyphosphates, alkaline earth metal phosphates and polyphosphates, carbon black, graphite, cements, calcium oxide and hydroxide, calcium sulphates, flue-dust, slag, powdered rock, titanium dioxide, iron oxides, aluminum oxides and hydroxides, quartz sand and powdered shale, silicates, and the like. Particularly suitable for the process according to the invention, apart from talcum, kaolin and aluminum hydroxides, are fillers which contain calcium carbonate, such as chalk or dolomite.
The term "inorganic fillers" as used in the present invention also includes the known inorganic pigments. It also includes inorganic fillers in which the surfaces have been pretreated with organic or inorganic compounds of a neutral, basic or acid character, for example, for the purpose of modifying their charge or hydrophilic character. The inorganic fillers are generally solid, inorganic substances which may consist of particles in the form of needles, platelets or spherical pellets or of irregularly shaped particles and which may be amorphous, metamorphous or crystalline and in which the particle diameters are generally below 10 microns. The residue left on a 40 micron-sieve according to DIN 53,195 should generally be less than 1% by weight.
The continuous phases used for preparing the filler suspensions in the process according to the invention are carboxyl-containing polyhydroxyl compounds of the kind which can be obtained by grafting olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids and, optionally, other vinyl monomers onto polyhydroxyl compounds of the kind generally known in polyurethane chemistry. The carboxyl containing polyhydroxyl materials are preferably used in admixture with polyhydroxyl compounds which are free from carboxyl groups.
The polyhydroxyl compounds which are modified by the grafting reaction mentioned above or also those used for mixing are preferably polyols of the kind generally known in polyurethane chemistry which are liquid at room temperature.
These compounds generally have from 2 to 8, and preferably 2 to 3, hydroxyl groups and molecular weights of about 500, generally from 500 to 10,000 and preferably between 1800 and 7000. Polyol mixtures may also be used which, in addition to containing polyols within the molecular weight range indicated above, also contain polyols with a lower molecular weight, preferably between 62 and 500, but these preferably amount to less than 70% by weight in the mixture. The preferred polyhydroxyl compounds are polyhydroxy polyesters, polyhydroxy polyethers, polyhydroxy polyacetals, polyhydroxy polycarbonates and polyhydroxy polyester amides conforming to the definitions given above. The polyhydroxy polyethers are particularly preferred, firstly because they generally have a relatively low viscosity and secondly because they form a good basis for grafting.
Suitable polyesters with hydroxyl groups include, for example, reaction products of polyvalent, preferably divalent alcohols, to which trivalent alcohols may be added, and polyvalent, preferably divalent carboxylic acids. Instead of free polycarboxylic acids, the corresponding polycarboxylic acid anhydrides or corresponding polycarboxylic acid esters of lower alcohols or mixtures thereof may, of course, be used for preparing the polyester. The polycarboxylic acids may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic and/or heterocyclic and they may be substituted, e.g., by halogen atoms, and/or unsaturated.
The following are examples of suitable acids: succinic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, trimellitic acid, phthalic acid anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride, hexahydrophthalic acid anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic acid anhydride, endomethylene tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride, glutaric acid anhydride, maleic aci, maleic acid anhydride, fumaric acid, dimeric and trimeric fatty acids such as oleic acid which may be mixed with monomeric fatty acids, dimethyl terephthalate and terephthalic acid-bis-glycol esters. The following are examples of suitable polyvalent alcohols: ethylene glycol, propylene glycol-(1,2) and -(1,3), butylene glycol-(1,4) and -(2,3), hexanediol-(1,6), octanediol-(1,8), neopentylglycol, cyclohexane dimethanol (1,4-bis-hydroxymethylcyclohexane), 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, hexanetriol-(1,2,6), butanetriol-(1,2,4), trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, quinitol, mannitol, and sorbitol, methylglycoside, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycols, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycols, dibutylene glycol and polybutylene glycols. The polyesters may also contain a proportion of carboxyl end groups. Polyesters of lactones such as ε-caprolactone or hydroxycarboxylic acids such as ω-hydroxycaproic acid may also be used.
The polyethers used according to the invention which have at least 2, generally 2 to 8 and preferably 2 to 3 hydroxyl groups are also generally known and are prepared, for example, by polymerization of epoxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, styrene oxide or epichlorohydrin, either each on its own, (e.g., in the presence of boron trifluoride) or, by addition of these epoxides, either as mixtures or successively, to starting components having reactive hydrogen atoms, such as water, alcohols, ammonia or amines. Suitable starting components include: ethylene glycol, propylene glycol-(1,3) or -(1,2), trimethylolpropane, 4,4'-dihydroxy-diphenylpropane, aniline, ethanolamine or ethylene diamine. Sucrose polyethers may also be used according to the invention, e.g., those described in German Auslegeschriften Nos. 1,176,358 and 1,064,938.
Polyethers modified with vinyl polymers, e.g., the compounds obtained by polymerization of styrene or acrylonitrile in the presence of polyethers as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,383,351; 3,304,273; 3,523,093 and 3,110,695 and German Pat. No. 1,152,536 are also suitable, as well as polybutadienes which have hydroxyl groups. Suitable polyacetals include, for example, the compounds which can be prepared from glycols such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 4,4'-dioxyethoxydiphenyl dimethylmethane, hexanediol and formaldehyde. Suitable polyacetals for the purpose of the invention may also be prepared by the polymerization of cyclic acetals.
The polycarbonates with hydroxyl groups used may be of the kind known per se, for example, those which can be prepared by the reaction of diols such as propanediol-(1,3), butanediol-(1,4) and/or hexanediol-(1,6), diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol or tetraethylene glycol with diarylcarbonates, e.g., with diphenylcarbonate or phosgene.
Suitable polyester amides and polyamides include, for example, the predominantly linear condensates prepared from polyvalent saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids or their anhydrides and polyvalent saturated and unsaturated amino alcohols, diamines, polyamines and mixtures thereof.
Representatives of these compounds which may be used according to the invention are known and have been described, for example, in High Polymers, Volume XVI, "Polyurethanes, Chemistry and Technology", by Saunders-Frisch, Interscience Publishers, New York, London, Volume I, 1962, pages 32-42 and pages 44-54 and Volume II, 1964, pages 5-6 and 198-199 and in Kunststoff-Handbuch, Volume VII, Vieweg-Hochtlen, Carl-Hanser-Verlag, Munich, 1966, pages 45-71.
Mixtures of the above-mentioned compounds which contain at least two hydrogen atoms capable of reacting with isocyanates and have a molecular weight of from 500 to 10,000 may, of course, also be used, for example mixtures of polyethers and polyesters.
The starting components used according to the invention may also include compounds with molecular weights of from 62 to 500 which have at least two hydroxyl groups. These compounds also generally have from 2 to 8 hydroxyl groups, and preferably 2 or 3 hydroxyl groups.
The following are examples of such compounds: ethylene glycol, propylene glycol-(1,2) and -(1,3), butylene glycol-(1,4) and -(2,3), pentanediol-(1,5), hexanediol-(1,6), octanediol-(1,8), neopentyl glycol, 1,4-bis-hydroxymethylcyclohexane, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, glycerol, trimethylol propane, hexanetriol-(1,2,6), trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, quinitol, mannitol and sorbitol and their ethoxylation and propoxylation products, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycols with a molecular weight of up to 500, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycols with a molecular weight of up to 500, dibutylene glycol, polybutylene glycols with a molecular weight of up to 500, 4,4'-dihydroxy-diphenyl propane, dihydroxymethyl-hydroquinone, diethanolamine and triethanolamine.
Polyhydroxyl compounds in which high molecular weight polyadducts or polycondensates are finely dispersed or dissolved may also be used according to the invention. Such modified polyhydroxyl compounds are obtained when polyaddition reactions (e.g., reactions between polyisoisocyanates and amino functional compounds) or polycondensation reactions (e.g., between formaldehyde and phenols and/or amines) are carried out in situ in the above-mentioned hydroxyl compounds. Processes of this kind have been described, for example, in German Auslegeschriften Nos. 1,168,075 and 1,260,142 and in German Offenlegungsschriften Nos. 2,324,134; 2,423,984; 2,512,385; 2,513,815; 2,550,796; 2,550,797; 2,550,833 and 2,550,862. These modified polyhydroxyl compounds can also be obtained according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,869,413 or German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,550,860 by mixing a previously prepared aqueous polymer dispersion with a polyhydroxyl compound and then removing the water from the mixture.
When modified polyhydroxyl compounds such as those indicated above are used as starting components for the polyisocyanate polyaddition process, the polyurethane resins obtained in many cases have substantially improved mechanical properties.
Any mixtures of the above-mentioned polyhydroxyl compounds may be used in the process according to the invention. The polyols may also be mixed with other additives, such as chain lengthening agents, stabilizers, blowing agents, dyes, emulsifiers and water. However, it is preferred in making the dispersions according to the invention that pure polyols, without additives, be used.
In the scope of the present invention, polyether polyols are preferably used as polyhydroxyl compounds as they are particularly suitable for the production of the suspensions in the invention. Of particular interest in this case are those polyether polyols which may be obtained by known processes, are based on propylene oxide or ethylene oxide or mixtures thereof and have molecular weights between about 1800 and 7000. Of particular interest are those polyether polyols in which have incorporated between 3 and 45% by weight, preferably from 10 to 30%, by weight, of ethylene oxide. In this case, the ethylene oxide may be incorporated randomly, but is preferably present as a polymer block at the end of the polyether polyol chain or as a mixed block having incorporated within the polyether polyol chain a proportion of ethylene oxide of more than 30% by weight. Mixtures of the specified polyether types are also suitable.
In the preferred variation of the process according to the invention, free carboxyl groups are introduced into the polyhydroxyl compound in a first stage of the process by a radical initiated graft polymerization reaction with unsaturated carboxylic acids and optionally other olefinically unsaturated monomers, preferably in the absence of organic solvents, so that the polyhydroxyl compound acts as the sole reaction medium for the graft polymerization reaction.
If desired, the whole quantity of the polyol which is finally present as continuous phase in the suspensions according to the invention may be introduced into the graft polymerization reaction but it is preferable if at first only part of the total quantity of polyol which will finally be present as continuous phase in the suspension is subjected to graft polymerization and the resulting graft polymers are then diluted with an unmodified polyol which may be either the same as or different from the first mentioned polyol.
In this first, preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention, dispersion of the inorganic filler is carried out after graft polymerization, while the abovementioned dilution with unmodified polyol, which should preferably be carried out, takes place before or after the process of dispersion. Dispersion is carried out with intimate mixing of the starting components over a period of from 0.1-12 hours at -30� to 180� C., preferably 5� to 45� C.
The dispersion process may also be carried out in the presence of solvents, e.g., water, acetone, ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, methanol, dimethyl formamide, toluene, chlorobenzene or dioxane. Any solvent used in the process is generally removed by distillation after the dispersion process.
The carboxyl groups of the graft polymer-stabilizer are completely or partially neutralized by organic or inorganic bases, before or preferably after the filler is dispersed in the stabilizer-containing polyol phase.
For this purpose, from 0.01 to 2, preferably from 0.1 to 1, in particular 0.5 to 1, particularly preferably about 1 base equivalent is used per carboxyl group. This may be carried out, for example, by stirring the base into the not yet neutralized solution of the stabilizer in polyol or, preferably, into the freshly produced dispersion of the filler in the stabilizer-containing polyol, with stirring. It is also possible to use the stabilizer itself in already partially or completely neutralized form if this appears to be preferable for commercial reasons.
Suitable inorganic bases for neutralization include, for example, oxides, (bi-)carbonates, silicates, alcoholates or, preferably, hydroxides of elements of main groups 1 to 3 of the periodic chart. Sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide are particularly preferred and the bases may be used both in aqueous solution and in solid form, or optionally as a powder.
Suitable organic bases preferably include primary, secondary or tertiary monoamines or polyamines which may be of aromatic, araliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heterocyclic or, preferably, aliphatic character. In practice, any amines which are capable of forming salts with carboxylic acid may be used. The following compounds are mentioned as examples:
N(H).sub.3-X (R).sub.X
in which
X=0, 1, 2, or 3; and
R represents a methyl-, ethyl-, ethanol-, propyl-, isopropyl-, isopropanol-, butyl-, hexyl-, dodecyl-, stearyl-, oleyl-, isooctyl-, benzyl-, aminoethyl-, aminopropyl-, abietinyl-, aminopropyl-, phenyl-, or dimethylaminopropyl-radical.
Mixtures of bases or mixed substituted amines or oligomeric or polymeric or cyclic amines are also suitable. Ammonia, triethylamine, ethylene diamine and the N-substitution products thereof and ethanolamines and ethoxylization or propoxylization products thereof have proved particularly suitable. Amidines, enamines, guanidines or aziridines are suitable as neutralizers.
By graft polymers are preferably meant in the context of this invention those products which are obtained when, as described above, a polyol or mixture of polyols is mixed with an α,β-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid, optionally in the presence of a solvent, and optionally with the addition of other olefinically unsaturated monomers which are free from carboxylic acid groups. The mixture is then polymerized by radical polymerization, either by adding a radical former and heating to the decomposition temperature of the radical former or by heating the reaction mixture without the addition of radical former to a temperature at which thermal polymerization takes place. Polymerization may, of course, also be initiated by high energy radiation.
The known radical formers of polymerization chemistry may be used. Examples include those based on azo compounds or those based on peroxidic compounds or so-called Redox-systems. The following are examples of particularly suitable radical formers: azodiisobutyronitrile; dibenzoylperoxide; t-butyl peroxide; cumene hydroperoxide; di-t-butyl peroxide; dicumyl peroxide and, particularly, t-butyl peroxide and radical formers which are active at relatively low temperatures, e.g., peroxide/amine, peroxide/ascorbic acid, boron alkyl compounds/air, peroxide/SO2, H2 O2 /Fe2+ and peroxidic compounds which decompose at low temperatures, e.g., diisopropyl percarbonate.
The α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids used include maleic acid anhydride, maleic or fumaric acid or their semiesters and semiamides or itaconic acid, and particularly acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. Because of its ready availability, acrylic acid is the preferred α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid for the preparation of the graft polymers used according to the invention.
In general, from 1 to 35% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, based on the total graft polymer, of the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids are used for the production of the graft polymer. From 5 to 15% by weight of the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid are advantageously used and the graft polymer obtained is subsequently added to the other unmodified polyol.
Other olefinically unsaturated monomers which may be used in quantitites of up to 60% by weight, preferably from 5 to 40% by weight based on the total graft polymer include, for example, vinyl halides, vinyl esters, (meth)acrylonitrile, (meth)acrylamide, (meth)acrylester and maleic or fumaric or itaconic acid esters and vinyl aromatic substances. Vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, (meth)acrylester and, in particular, styrene should be emphasized. It may sometimes be advantageous to use other polar monomers such as amino alkyl(meth)acrylates, oxyalkyl(meth)acrylates, N-alkyl(meth)acrylamides, vinyl pyrrolidone or vinyl pyridine.
These monomers which may be used in addition to the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids occasionally improve the compatibility of the graft polymer in the polyol as well as the stability of the suspension of the invention.
Particularly preferred for the invention are graft (co)polymers of polyether polyols, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and optionally styrene, because these graft polymers are generally readily soluble in the unmodified polyols.
The graft polymers may be produced in situ, as already stated, for example by mixing the entire quantity of polyol provided for producing the suspension with the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, and the optional other monomers, and then carrying out polymerization. However, the graft polymer is preferably produced separately and then added to the initial suspension, in quantities of from 0.05 to 10%, preferably from 0.2 to 3%, by weight, based on the polyol plus filler.
The stabilized suspensions of inorganic fillers in polyols obtained according to the invention contain between about 0.5% by weight and 80% by weight of filler. The filler contents are preferably between 10 and 45% by weight, most preferably between 15 and 35% by weight, based on the total suspension.
For applications in which increased viscosity of the suspension is not prohibitive, higher filler contents may be used.
Sedimentation of the filler in the formerly known filler-containing polyols is shown by two effects. For example, if a test tube is filled with an unstable suspension of this type, a clear layer of the polyhydroxyl compound, now containing almost no filler, is soom formed in the space directly beneath the surface of the liquid. Furthermore, a deposit of particles of filler is precipitated on the bottom of the test tube so that, after a short period, three layers which are more or less clearly separated from each other may be observed.
It has been found that the first-mentioned effect of serum-like separation of the dispersant on the surface may be reduced very reliably by the process of the invention. Nevertheless, some filler suspensions still tend to form incrustations on the bottom of the storage container. It has been found that this undesirable phenomenon can also be suppressed if, when producing the suspension in such cases, i.e. when and after working in the filler, temperatures above 60� C. are avoided and the process is carried out at a temperature in the range of from -30� to +60� C., preferably from +5� to 45� C. This is surprising since the reactions between a polymer containing carboxyl groups and the surface of the filler particle which are probably decisive in stabilizing the suspension, would be expected to take place more rapidly and more completely at high temperatures than at low temperatures.
According to another variation for the production of these suspensions according to the invention, it is also possible to carry out the dispersion process and the graft polymerization reactions in a one-pot process. In this process, a mixture of unmodified polyol, inorganic filler, unsaturated carboxylic acid, optionally radical-forming agents and optionally other olefinically unsaturated monomers is mixed thoroughly at a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the radical-forming agent, i.e. at from -30� to 180� C., preferably from +5� to 45� C., for a period of from 0.5 to 12 hours, and is subsequently neutralized.
The suspensions prepared according to the invention may still be degasified, gassed, dried or mixed with additives. They may also be mixed with other fillers or with polyols containing fillers. They are also suitable for use as starting material for the preparation of other types of modified polyols, for example, as starting material for the preparation of so-called polymer polyols, e.g., by grafting them with styrene-acrylonitrile mixtures as described in, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,383,351; 3,304,351; 3,304,273; 3,523,093 and 3,110,695 already mentioned above and German Pat. No. 1,152,536. Other organic filler particles such as particles of polyureas or polyhydrazo dicarbonamides may be prepared in them in situ as described in German Auslegeschriften Nos. 1,168,075 and 1,260,142 and German Offenlegungsschriften Nos. 2,324,134; 2,423,984; 2,512,385; 2,513,815; 2,550,796; 2,550,797; 2,550,833 and 2,550,862. The suspensions according to the invention are particularly valuable starting materials for the preparation of polyurethanes by the isocyanate polyaddition process. They are suitable for the production of flexible, rigid and semi-rigid foamed polyurethane resins as well as for the production of unfoamed polyurethanes, for example, polyurethane elastomers or duromers.
For this purpose, the suspensions according to the invention are reacted in a manner known per se with polyisocyanates and optionally other high and/or lower molecular polyhydroxyl compounds or polyamines, optionally in the presence of catalysts, blowing agents, stabilizers and other additives known per se, wherein both a one-shot and a pre-polymer or semi-prepolymer process may be adopted.
The preparation of the suspensions will be explained below with the aid of examples.
The percentages and parts given are percentages by weight and parts by weight unless otherwise indicated.
Fillers having the following designations were used for the following examples:
Filler D: Crystalline Pyrenean Calcite; upper section: 10 μm; average particle diameter: 3 μm; smaller than 2 μm: 40%;
Filler E: Dolomite; upper section: 9 μm; particle diameter on average 3 μm; finer than 2 μm; 65%;
Filler M: Urgonic calcite; residue on 40 μm sieve: less than 0.1%; upper section: 10 μm; average particle diameter: 3 μm; finer than 2 μm: 35%;
Filler O: Microcrystalline Champagne chalk; Upper section: 5 μm; average particle diameter: 1 μm; finer than 2 μm: 90%;
Filler H: Crystalline Calcium carbonate; upper section: 7 μm; average particle diameter: 1.5 μm; finer than 2 μm: 70%.
The following polyols are used in the examples:
Polyol 1: Polyether started on trimethylol propane and prepared from 83% of propylene oxide and finally 17% of ethylene oxide, hydroxyl No.: 28%;
Polyol 2: Polyether, started on glycerine and prepared from 90% of propylene oxide and finally 10% of ethylene oxide; hyroxyl No.: 38;
Polyol 3: Polypropylene oxide started on trimethylol propane; hydroxyl No.: 56;
Polyol 4: Polyether started on propylene glycol and prepared from 80% of propylene oxide and finally 20% of ethylene oxide; hydroxyl No.: 28;
Polyol 5: Polyether started on trimethylol propane from 75% of propylene oxide and 25% of ethylene oxide; hydroxyl No.: 35.
The graft polymers used as stabilizer were produced by the following general method:
The polyol (A parts), acrylic acid (B parts), styrene (C parts) and t-butylperoctoate (1% of the sum A+B+C) are introduced into a stirrer crucible filled with nitrogen. The mixture is then maintained at 95� C. for eight hours with stirring so that graft polymerization takes place with an increase in viscosity. The reaction mixture or the neutralization product thereof may be used directly as stabilizer.
Assuming that A+B+C=100, the graft polymers are characterized below in brief by the polyol number, the quantity of acid used and the quantity of styrene used. Stabilizer 1/10/20 would thus be the graft polymer from 70% of polyol 1, 10% of acrylic acid and 20% of styrene.
The suspensions are produced by the following general method:
The stabilizer is dissolved in the basic polyol and the filler is then added at a predetermined temperature. The mixture is stirred intensively for an additional hour at the temperature specified and a stable suspension is obtained. This is added to the base provided for neutralization or partial neutralization, optionally with thorough stirring, and the mixture is subsequently stirred intensively for an additional hour.
The type of base used for neutralization in each case, and the degree of neutralization in percent are given in the table below, in which 100% neutralization is stated if one base equivalent is used per mol of carboxyl groups present in the stabilizer.
The following bases were used in the examples:
a: 4-molar aqueous sodium hydroxide
b: Calcium hydroxide, micronized
c: Triethylamine
d: Amine prepared from one mol of oleic acid and one mol of triethylenetetramine
e: Ethylenediamine
f: Ethanolamine
g: Ammonia gas
h: 1,4-diaza-bicyclo-(2,2,2)octane
i: triethylenetetramine.
The sedimentation stability of the suspensions was evaluated in the experiments described below.
The suspension to be tested was poured in a layer of 10 cm depth into a cylindrical test tube. The test tube was placed in a warming cabinet at 45� C. and left there for 88 hours. The precipitation of polyol was then evaluated with good illumination as a more or less clear surface layer, as follows:
Scale of upper sedimentation (S1)
______________________________________S.sub.1 = 1: No precipitation observed2: Precipitation less than 1 mm thick3: Precipitation between 1 and 3 mm thick4: Precipitation more than 3 mm thick.______________________________________
An examination was then carried out with good illumination to find out whether a bottom layer with sedimentation level had been deposited on the bottom of the cylindrical test tube. Evaluation was carried out as follows:
Scale of lower sedimentation (S2)
______________________________________S.sub.2 = 1: No precipitation observed2: Indication of a sedimentation level3: Clear precipitation of a bottom layer______________________________________
Finally, the appearance of the samples stored at 45� C. was evaluated:
______________________________________V = 1: Homogeneous, perfectly fusible;2: Coagulated, curdy, flocculent, but still fusible;3: Thickened, coagulated, set, barely fusible______________________________________
From the point of view of application, the type V=1 is suitable for the intended applications while coagulation phenomena and thickening lead to inhomogeneity and more difficult handling and are less suitable.
__________________________________________________________________________Example No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10__________________________________________________________________________Type of Polyol 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3Type of Filler D D D E M O H D D DFiller content ofthe suspension (%) 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30Type of Stabilizer -- 1/10/10 2/10/20 1/10/10 1/10/20 1/10/10 1/10/10 -- 2/10/20 --Stabilizer content ofthe suspension (%) -- 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.9 -- 0.6 --Type of Base -- c c c g c c -- f --Degree ofNeutralization (%) -- 10 100 80 50 100 30 -- 50 --Production temperature�C. 20 25 20 28 22 22 20 25 23 22Evaluation S.sub.1 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3Evaluation S.sub.2 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 3Evaluation V 1- 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1-2 1 2__________________________________________________________________________ 1Example No. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20__________________________________________________________________________Type of Polyol 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 5 5Type of Filler D D D D D D D D D DFiller content ofthe suspension (%) 30 30 30 30 30 15 30 15 30 15Type of Stabilizer 3/10/30 3/10/30 3/10/30 -- 4/10/10 -- -- 5/10/10 5/10/10 5/10/10Stabilizer content ofthe suspension (%) 0.25 0.5 0.3 -- 0.6 -- -- 1.2 0.5 1.2Type of Base c h -- -- c -- -- -- -- i*Degree ofNeutralization (%) 90 100 -- -- 85 -- -- -- -- 50Production temperature�C. 25 25 25 25 22 25 25 23 23 23Evaluation S.sub.1 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 1 2Evaluation S.sub.2 1 1 1 3 1 3 2 2 1 1Evaluation V 1 1 1 1-2 1 2 3 1 1 1__________________________________________________________________________Example No. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30__________________________________________________________________________Type of Polyol 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5Type of Filler D D D D O D D D D DFiller content ofthe suspension (%) 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 40 40Type of Stabilizer 5/10/10 5/10/10 5/10/10 5/10/10 5/10/10 1/10/20 5/10/10 5/10/10 5/10/20 5/10/10Stabilizer content ofthe suspension (%) 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.75 0.3 0.5 0.55 0.75 0.75Type of Base c b a a h c d e c cDegree ofNeutralization (%) 95 100 100 90 100 100 100 95 6 12Production temperature 23 23 23 23 22 20 20 20 26 26�C.Evaluation S.sub.1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Evaluation S.sub. 2 1 1-2 1 1-2 1 1 1 1-2 1-2 1Evaluation V 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1__________________________________________________________________________ *Base was added to the sediment before filler was added.
It is seen from the examples, the results of which are given in the tables, that the graft polymers added in the proportions claimed according to the invention clearly have a stabilizing effect.
The addition of both organic and inorganic bases for neutralization purposes does not impair the stabilizing effect, but rather an improvement is indicated. It is thus possible to obtain dispersions which are stable in storage according to the invention and whose content of free carboxyl groups may be adjusted to the requirements of the isocyanate polyaddition process.
With the aid of the dispersions produced in Examples 26, 27 and 28, processing to foamed polyurethane resins is to be shown by way of example:
33.3 parts of the appropriate dispersion are diluted with 66.7 parts of a polyether obtained by adding 87 parts of propylene oxide and 13 parts of ethylene oxide to trimethylol propane and having a hydroxyl number of 28.
The following are then added rapidly with stirring:
2.9 parts of water;
0.5 parts of diazabicyclooctane;
0.8 parts of N-methylmorpholine;
0.1 part of bis-(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)-ether;
0.03 parts of dibutyl tin dilaurate and
1.1 parts of a commercial polyethersiloxane foam stabilizer
and subsequently 36 parts of a mixture having an isocyanate content of 44.5% prepared from 80% of tolylene diisocyanate and 20% of a commercial crude diphenylmethanediisocyanate.
Foaming takes place without any problems. The foam obtained has a bulk density of 40 kg/m3 and the following mechanical properties:
______________________________________ Dispersion 26 27 28______________________________________Tensile strength (KPa)(DIN 53 571) 140 135 140Elongation at break (%)(DIN 53 571) 200 180 175Compression Hardness at40% (KPa)(DIN 53 577) 3.6 3.7 3.7Compression set at 90% (%)(DIN 53 572) 14.0 14.2 14.4______________________________________
In order to foam the comparable but unneutralized dispersions from Examples 13, 18 and 19, the quantity of the silicon stabilizer must be increased by about 25% and the quantity of the basic mixer catalyst must be increased by about 15% so as to obtain comparable foams.
The good ratio of breaking elongation to compression hardness allows cushion foams having a very high load-bearing capacity but low weight to be produced from the dispersions according to the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 22, 1963
|Dec 27, 1966
|Bayer Ag
|Graft polymers of vinyl acetate or vinyl chloride onto a saturated polyester backbone, and polyurethane foams therefrom
|Jul 9, 1969
|Jan 25, 1972
|Bayer Ag
|Polyurethanes process and product prepared from aliphatic polycarbonates containing in situ polymerized unsaturated compounds
|Apr 1, 1971
|Oct 23, 1973
|Bayer Ag
|Stable aqueous dispersions of optical brightening agents
|Jan 21, 1972
|Nov 20, 1973
|Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co
|Composition of novel modified filler and resin
|Sep 4, 1973
|Nov 19, 1974
|Carborundum Co
|Incorporation of fillers in insoluble,infusible oxybenzoyl polymers
|Nov 20, 1974
|Jun 29, 1976
|Atlantic Richfield Company
|Preparation of carboxyl-containing polymers and composites thereof with hydroxyl-containing materials
|Dec 13, 1973
|Jul 27, 1976
|Union Carbide Corporation
|Polymer composites and preparation thereof
|Jun 4, 1975
|May 17, 1977
|Produits Chimiques Ugine Kuhlmann
|Process for the preparation of pigmentary metallic particles coated with an organic polymer and compositions resulting therefrom
|Jul 26, 1976
|Aug 16, 1977
|Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
|Filled polymerization products based on carbodiimide copolymers
|Mar 26, 1975
|Mar 7, 1978
|Xerox Corporation
|Method of producing toner particles by in-situ polymerization and imaging process
|Mar 3, 1977
|May 9, 1978
|The Upjohn Company
|Cis-4,5-didehydro-cis-13-PGF1 compounds
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jan 27, 1981
|Dec 8, 1981
|Basf Aktiengesellschaft
|Process for the manufacture of stable polyol-filler dispersions
|Apr 14, 1980
|Mar 9, 1982
|Basf Wyandotte Corporation
|Polyurethane sealant compositions
|Sep 23, 1981
|Nov 16, 1982
|Basf Wyandotte Corporation
|Polyurethane sealant compositions
|Jul 10, 1981
|Dec 21, 1982
|The Celotex Corporation
|Polyoxyalkylene/unsaturated diester reaction product for cellular foam stabilization
|Sep 29, 1982
|Nov 29, 1983
|The Celotex Corporation
|Polyoxyalkylene/unsaturated diester reaction product for cellular foam stabilization
|Sep 29, 1981
|Mar 27, 1984
|Olin Corporation
|Modified polyurethane liquid polymer compositions
|Mar 16, 1983
|Jul 17, 1984
|Olin Corporation
|Preparation of carboxylic acid-containing polyurethane prepolymers and aqueous dispersions thereof
|Oct 21, 1983
|Nov 6, 1984
|The Celotex Corporation
|Polyoxyalkylene/unsaturated diester reaction product for cellular foam stabilization
|Oct 22, 1984
|May 28, 1985
|The Celotex Corporation
|Polyoxyalkylene/unsaturated diester reaction product for cellular foam stabilization
|Mar 16, 1983
|Jun 4, 1985
|Olin Corporation
|Preparation of carboxylic acid-containing monoether and polyether polyol addition products
|May 2, 1983
|Jul 16, 1985
|Jim Walter Resources, Inc.
|Unsaturated polyoxyalkylene adduct/fumarate diester reaction product for cellular foam stabilization
|Jun 20, 1983
|Aug 6, 1985
|Olin Corporation
|Anionic surfactant addition products of maleic or fumaric acid and a poly(oxyalkylated) alcohol
|Sep 24, 1984
|Aug 6, 1985
|Olin Corporation
|Sulfated addition products of selected unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and poly(oxyalkylated) alcohols as anionic surfactants
|Apr 11, 1985
|Nov 26, 1985
|The Celotex Corporation
|Polyoxyalkylene/unsaturated diester reaction product for cellular foam stabilization
|Feb 15, 1985
|Feb 25, 1986
|Jim Walter Resources, Inc.
|Unsaturated polyoxyalkylene adduct/fumarate diester reaction product for cellular foam stabilization
|Jan 30, 1984
|May 20, 1986
|Olin Corporation
|Preparation of ionomers and polyurethane elastomers from carboxylic acid-containing monoether and polyether polyol addition products
|Sep 30, 1985
|Mar 8, 1988
|The Celotex Corporation
|Polyoxyalkylene/unsaturated diester reaction product for cellular foam stabilization
|Apr 23, 1984
|May 2, 1989
|Olin Corporation
|Anionic surfactants
|Jun 23, 1989
|Oct 16, 1990
|Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Company Inc.
|Acid containing isocyanate-terminated prepolymers, salt prepolymers and polymers thereof
|May 16, 1990
|Mar 10, 1992
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Mixed metal hydroxide containing a dispersant
|Nov 7, 1991
|Mar 16, 1993
|Hayes John E
|Polymer polyol composition containing a grafted polyol-polyacrylate dispersant
|May 10, 1991
|Mar 23, 1993
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Mixed metal hydroxide-clay adducts as thickeners for water and other hydrophylic fluids
|Nov 15, 1991
|May 3, 1994
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Mixed metal layered hydroxide hydrophilic organic material as thickeners for water and other hydrophylic fluids
|Jun 7, 1995
|Dec 30, 1997
|Diversey Lever, Inc.
|Caustic-stable modified polycarboxylate compound and method of making the same
|Aug 18, 1995
|Feb 24, 1998
|The Dow Chemical Company
|Elastic solids having reversible stress-induced fluidity
|Dec 20, 1996
|Jan 26, 1999
|Hepce Chem Co., Ltd.
|Preparation process of polyurethane prepolymer, preparation process of aqueous dispersion obtained therefrom, and use thereof
|Oct 16, 1991
|Feb 9, 1999
|Diversey Corporation
|Caustic-stable modified polycarboxylate compound and method of making the same
|Dec 20, 2001
|Mar 25, 2003
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Kaolin pigments, their preparation and use
|Jun 30, 2000
|Apr 29, 2003
|Imerys Kaolin, Inc.
|Compositions and methods for making a coarse platey, high brightness kaolin product
|Mar 31, 2000
|May 13, 2003
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Kaolin clay pigments, their preparation and use
|Aug 26, 2002
|Aug 26, 2003
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Kaolin pigments, their preparation and use
|Apr 1, 1999
|Sep 9, 2003
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Pigment products
|Nov 27, 2000
|Apr 6, 2004
|Arch Chemicals, Inc.
|Polyols containing grafted carboxyl groups and method of making same
|Dec 20, 2002
|Oct 26, 2004
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Kaolin clay pigments suited to rotogravure printing applications and method for preparing the same
|Jun 30, 2003
|Nov 9, 2004
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Pigment products
|Mar 23, 2005
|Apr 24, 2007
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Hyperplaty clays and their use in paper coating and filling, methods for making same, and paper products having improved brightness
|Apr 19, 2005
|May 8, 2007
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Hyperplaty clays and their use in paper coating and filling, methods for making same, and paper products having improved brightness
|Mar 23, 2005
|Jun 5, 2007
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Hyperplaty clays and their use in paper coating and filling, methods for making same, and paper products having improved brightness
|Aug 17, 2001
|Aug 19, 2008
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Kaolin products and their use
|Aug 17, 2001
|Oct 28, 2008
|Imerys Minerals Limited
|Kaolin products and their production
|Sep 19, 2008
|Jan 25, 2011
|Imerys Minerals Ltd.
|Kaolin products and their production
|Apr 17, 2002
|Oct 24, 2002
|Indulis Gruzins
|Polyols containing carboxyl groups and production thereof
|Sep 4, 2002
|May 8, 2003
|Jones J Philip E
|Hyperplaty clays and their use in paper coating and filling, methods for making same, and paper products having improved brightness
|Jun 30, 2003
|Jun 10, 2004
|Husband John Claude
|Pigment products
|Jul 27, 2004
|May 12, 2005
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Kaolin clay pigments suited to rotogravure printing applications and method for preparing the same
|Aug 17, 2001
|Jun 16, 2005
|Marielle Lorusso
|Kaolin products and their use
|Mar 23, 2005
|Aug 18, 2005
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Hyperplaty clays and their use in paper coating and filling, methods for making same, and paper products having improved brightness
|Mar 23, 2005
|Nov 10, 2005
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Hyperplaty clays and their use in paper coating and filling, methods for making same, and paper products having improved brightness
|Apr 19, 2005
|Jan 12, 2006
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Hyperplaty clays and their use in paper coating and filling, methods for making same, and paper products having improved brightness
|Mar 23, 2005
|Feb 16, 2006
|Imerys Pigments, Inc.
|Hyperplaty clays and their use in paper coating and filling, methods for making same, and paper products having improved brightness
|Mar 28, 2003
|Apr 27, 2006
|Howard Goodman
|Flame retardant polymer compositions comprising a particulate clay mineral
|Oct 28, 2009
|Apr 29, 2010
|Therma-Tru Corp.
|Low-density filled polyurethane foam
|U.S. Classification
|524/875, 528/57, 528/55, 528/81, 528/77, 528/76, 528/75, 525/28, 525/404, 528/71
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


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This file contains 5 worksheets.
Visual Perceptual Skills Addressed:
Visual Sequential Memory
Visual Sequential Memory is the ability to remember and recall a sequence of visual images such as letters, shapes, numbers, symbols or objects in the correct order.
In the "Design Sequences (4 Blocks)" worksheets, the student must form a mental image of each design/form in the order that they appear, so that they can be reproduced when they are no longer visible.
Visual Motor Integration
Visual Motor Integration relates to the coordination of visual perceptual skills with body movement (the use of visual information to guide a motor task). For fine motor tasks, the eyes inform the arm and hand muscles where to go like "follow the leader", so that motor output matches visual input.
In the "Design Sequences (4 Blocks)" worksheets, the student's eyes must guide their hand to copy the designs/forms in a fluid and controlled manner from memory.
Figure Ground
Figure Ground perception is the ability to screen out any irrelevant visual material when presented with a lot of visual information at one time (to locate the important stimulus without getting confused by the background or surrounding images). This skill is key for good attention and concentration.
To complete the "Design Sequences (4 Blocks)" worksheets successfully, the student must focus on each design/form in turn - not get confused by all the other designs/forms on the page.


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NIKI DE SAINT PHALLE by Niki de Saint Phalle Body Lotion 3.5 oz
For sale: watches, jewelry, accessories, clothes, fashion and beauty in Nigeria
Location: All Nigeria
Last update:
Last update:
0 comments like this listing
Ad description
The magic of Niki de Saint Phalle blends art with the art of fragrance - in a voluptuous sensuality that makes each perfume a masterpiece. This fragrance is a combination of a soft, fresh floral bouquet surrounded by green, grassy notes with a tenacious base of crisp dry wood notes. For a complex, confident woman who defines her own sense of femininity.
Delivery withing Nigeria to such regions as Lagos, Kano, Ibadan, Kaduna, Port Harcourt, Benin,
Maiduguri, Zaria, Aba, Ilorin and other areas.
Contact us:
Phone: +234 (0)
ATTENTION! Do not make any advance payments to any seller on Mobofree, not even for delivery! You may get scammed by unfair seller. Please report abuse to help us stop scam! To keep yourself safe, make sure to follow our Safety tips!


text:
WELSH teenager Chaz Davies scored a career-best ninth in the Rio round of motor-cycling's world road-race 250cc championship.
Saturday's result means the Presteigne 16-year-old now lies 19th with 20 points after 12 rounds.
The race was won by Man- uel Poggiali (San Marino) after Spaniard Toni Elias crashed out as they duelled for the lead on the last lap.
Meanwhile Valentino Rossi took a massive step closer to a third straight world championship yesterday with victory in the Brazilian Grand Prix.
The Repsol Honda rider st- retched his lead to 51 points over Sete Gibernau, who finished second, with just four races and 100 points still available.
Rossi battled to recover fr- om a poor start, with Telefonica Movistar Honda rider Gibernau leading as he sought a victory crucial to his championship ambitions.
But Rossi picked off his rivals and found himself at the front to take victory by 3.109 seconds from Gibernau while Makoto Tamada finished third for Pramac Honda.
Max Biaggi claimed fourth for Camel Pramac Honda, wh- ile Ulsterman Jeremy Mc Williams put in a solid performance to finish 16th.


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Follow the yellow brick road?…. Or discover something new?
Video – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ien-86bXCrI
Article – http://www.cogtech.usc.edu/publications/kirschner_Sweller_Clark.pdf
In the video, Jo Boaler explains how teachers are stuck in a cycle where they teach their students the way they were taught when they were students which means that there has been no real progression in maths classrooms. Boaler advocates students choosing their own ideas and developing their own thinking and combining this with standard mathematical methods. This is in stark contrast to Syed's idea of high quality practice and the underlying idea of Khan Academy whereby students practice and reproduce maths questions and problems with little opportunity to adapt or apply methods in a way that's interesting for them. Boaler believes problem solving enables students to see the more creative side of maths, which is something that Ken Robinson would encourage, and that using visual aids helps to bring maths alive for students. In the video you could see that the student were working in small groups; something the likes of Dan Meyer would encourage.
The idea that maths can be approached by a variety of ways and you will still arrive at the same answer is something I had not thought of much prior to the course. However through our skft sheets where we are encouraged to show multiples methods and multiple representations of problems I have had my eyes opened to the way in which it is possible to arrive at the same conclusion whatever path you choose to take. I think this needs to be said more explicitly in classrooms in order for students to be less scared of making mistakes reducing the stigma which Robinson outlines.
The article I read by Kirshner, Sweller and Clark was in stark contrast to Jo Boaler's ideas as they were extremely cautious of the idea of discovery or inquiry-based learning. They looked at the way in which students who are given little instruction, are less likely to store the knowledge they have "discovered" in their long-term memory. Therefore they would argue that the type of learning that Boaler is describing is lacking in instruction which gives learners explicit guidance on how to process information in a way that will allow them to retain it in their long-term memory. A particularly interesting fact they mentioned was that all information which is stored in the working memory and not rehearsed is lost within 30 seconds. Suddenly Khan Academy is becoming more a more appealing, useful tool! The article goes on to look at constructivism; a theory which states people construct their own understanding of the world through experiencing things and reflecting on these experiences when learning. This reminds me of Lockharte's article where he believes students need to stop being deprived from "doing maths". However Kirshner, Sweller and Clark argue that when a student or learner is given the complete information (more instruction) a more accurate representation emerges.
I was extremely surprised that they stated that problem-solving can occur without any learning. Furthermore, unguided environments can be detrimental for novice learners who lack proper schemas to integrate new information with their previous knowledge. This is not something which had previously occurred to me and as a result I think we as teachers need to weigh up the pros and cons of a discovery or enquiry learning environment. We must ensure that when we are implementing such a teaching style that our learners are receiving at least some guidance to maximise their learning, in order to reduce misconceptions and incomplete knowledge.


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Though I love carving pumpkins for Halloween, and finishing Thanksgiving dinner with a slice of pumpkin pie, pumpkin-flavored beer never appealed to me; it seemed like a bad combination. However, it was something I knew I should try and I recently got the chance to sample 17 different pumpkin ales with my beer tasting group. Much to my surprise, I realized pumpkin and beer are actually a tasty pair.
At some point during the tasting, we began ordering the bottles from best to worst. After all was said and done, standing at the front was Schlafly Pumpkin Ale.
Pumpkin Ale is ideally served in a good ol' pint glass. The color is nearing deep amber and has an orange, pumpkin-esque tint. Two fingers of fuzzy, very effervescent, eggshell-colored head will dissipate fairly quickly to leave a thin lacing and ring around the edge.
The delicious aroma of pumpkin pie is noticeable from an arm's length away. It has a solid malt base of caramel but the pumpkin pie spices (which got me psyched for autumn) are unmistakable. Upon first sip, the cinnamon and clove tickle the nostrils, providing a warm, spicy kick. It has a lightly toasted malt and caramel base with toffee, nutmeg and brown sugar, which makes me wonder if Schlafly has simply added pumpkin and spice to its Oktoberfest or Scotch Ale recipe. There is a little fruit, too, so it is like eating a piece of pumpkin pie on a plate with cherry pie crumbs and filling leftovers.


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Dear Friends,
Another Kanestergram from fabulous Kwajalein in theMarshall Islands.
All is well, with another week of pleasant weather and sunshine and fun on the beach.
Sorry for those of you stuck in the middle of winter.
This e-mail is intended to clean up my address book again and see who has Microsoft Messenger and Yahoo!Messenger. Also, if you have a different e-mail address, please let me know so that I can include it.
The Kanestergram will hopefully take on a different form in the next several months. I hope to send you video/audio e-mails. That's why I need to know who can support the audio/video files before I start sending the message. Also, those of you with decrompression programs, please let me know. DigitalCameras are fun, and if I don't send video, then I'll certainly start sending pictures.
What I hope to do is send the sights and sounds of traveling through the pacific, and show you what I can of the different islands and places around here. Just something to do to keep me busy in my off time.
As for my website, well it is still dull and boring, and I haven't had access to it since WBS switched over to the GO Network, but I finally think I fixed my access problems, and should start updating very shortly.
I hope to hear from you, so please write back and let me know.


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Hype Muzik returns with Dancefloor Tales: Volume Four, compiled by label boss, Norman H, featuring music from Red Sonya, Alien Tom, Pao C and more!
The Collection Volume 3.5
The latest in "The Collection: The Remixes" series on Stripped Off features 16 remixes including Red Sonya & Alien Tom's remix of Birdon's track "Avira".
Avira (Red Alien Remix)
Check out this Red Alien Invasion techno remix Alien Tom and I did of Birdon's track Avira for Stripped Off! Thank you for the support! 🙂
What We Called Love [Bootleg]
Check out this Red Sonya's remix of Liza Flume's "What We Called Love" track on What! What! Records. Leave a comment on the track, save to your favorites on Soundcloud! <3
Sweat (Red Sonya Remix)
Red Sonya remixed Stacey Pullen's 1998 Detroit techno classic "Sweat" for the Beatport Play competition. Listen to the full version on Beatport Play & Login to vote for this Remix!
Black Friday (Original Mix)
I'm so excited that my first original track called "Black Friday" is being released on Stripped Recordings. Remixers include Smak (aka Steve McCready), Ed Lee, and La Torre. Release Date: March 14th, 2013
White Gliders (Red Alien Remix)
Red Sonya and Alien Tom team up as "Red Alien" to remix Anthony Yarranton's track entitled "White Gliders" released on Stripped Digital. Release Date: February 27, 2013
Sci Fi (Red Alien Remix)
Red Sonya and Alien Tom are at it again with a "Red Alien" remix of Venezuelan Alien's "Sci-Fi" for Stripped Digital. Release Date: March 20, 2013
Learning To Fly (Original Mix)
Here's a preview of a track I made in Photek's studio in Hollywood. It's moody, with techno, trance, and house influences. Just how I like it.
We Are Not Blind (Ruff Birdz Edit)
Red Sonya, Alien Tom, and Norman H collaborate on a track entitled "We Are Not Blind" w/ Pao Calderon for her EP "Polka Dots" on Hype Music.


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The Business of Branding
- Starts: 4:00 pm on Thursday, October 24, 2013
- Ends: 5:00 pm on Thursday, October 24, 2013
The Business of Branding: Being Your Own Brand, a Master Class by Stephanie McMahon, COM'98. Join Stephanie McMahon, Executive Vice President of Creative for World Wrestling Entertainment for a master class in building your own personal brand. Listen as she discusses her rise in the ranks of WWE and how she built her brand in the ring and the board room. This is a free event, but you must register in advance or have valid faculty or student ID. Any unused alumni seats will be released 5 minutes prior to the event.
- Location:
- Science Auditorium, Room 109, 590 Commonwealth Ave.


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Remember a while ago I teased you with this awesome pic from my Trash the Dress?
Awesome. Here are some more from the session – all by the fabulous Tanya Rudman of TRPhoto:
One of these next two is going to be a canvas on my wall at home:
I LOVE them. I just feel compelled to point out that when I come to consultations or when I shoot your wedding, I don't look this pretty. My make-up and hair were done by the uber-fabulous Sam Scaife of Lashline, who is just wonderful, and super-fun to work with!


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Technical and Scientific Contributions
How to read an optical data sheet
In the optical and mechanical PDF-data sheets you will find all information about Schneider-Kreuznach lenses.
Optics for digital photography
Picture sharpness, format, limits of image sensors, new digital lens series from SCHNEIDER-KREUZNACH
Optics for industrial applications
Picture sharpness, format, limits of image sensors, new digital lens series from SCHNEIDER-KREUZNACH
The image quality of lenses for digital photography
Transfer chain in digital photography, image sharpness and contrast, geometrically accurate reproduction, brightness distribution over the image, good light transmission by the lens, a minimum of scattered light (stray light), absence of color fringes
Matching Lenses and Sensors
With pixel sizes of CCD and CMOS image sensors becoming smaller, system integrators must pay careful attention to their choice of optics.
Polychromate (in German)
Objektive für einen extrem großen Spektralbereich perfekt korrigiert für industrielle Inspektion.
Hydrophobic MRC-coating
Dust- and water-repellant system of coatings, easy cleaning of the optical surfaces, significantly higher resistance to mechanical scratches, assembly and effect
New perspectives in coating
Anti-reflection layer, physical principle, technology, lens coating center of
Optical measurement techniques with telecentric lenses
This course on optical 2D-measurement technique explains the relationship between the pure mathe-matical central projection and the ideal optical
imaging by Gaussian Optics.
Bilateral telecentricity
Basic principles of edge detection, change of symmetry of the edge image in connection with defocusing, advantages of bilateral telecentrics, bilaterally telecentric measurement lenses from
Aspheric technology
Theory, production, series of aspherical lenses SUPER-SYMMAR XL ASPHERIC,
aspheric technology from SCHNEIDER-KREUZNACH
VARIOGON and BETAVARON
Mechanism, history and fields of applications of the zoom-lenses from SCHNEIDER-KREUZNACH
Zerstörungsfreie Vermessung von Antireflexbeschichtungen (in German)
Abhilfe schafft ein besonderes Messkopfdesign in Verbindung mit einem Diodenzeilen-Spektrometer.


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Traveling Luck for Gridino, Kareliya, Russia
Where is Gridino?What's around Gridino?
Wikipedia near Gridino
Where to stay near Gridino
Also known as Gridina
The timezone in Gridino is Antarctica/Syowa
Sunrise at 10:03 and Sunset at 14:51. It's Dark
Latitude. 65.9183°, Longitude. 34.6725°
Satellite map around Gridino
Loading map of Gridino and it's surroudings
Geographic features & Photographs around Gridino, in Kareliya, Russia
- island;
- a tract of land, smaller than a continent, surrounded by water at high water.
- Ostrov Luda Lesovata (1.1km)
- Ostrov Palostrov (2km)
- Ostrov Vysokiy (4km)
- Ostrov Berëzovets (5.7km)
- Ostrov Luda Skotekonskaya (6.1km)
- Ostrov Zelënaya Luda (8.6km)
- Ostrov Karbas Luda (8.6km)
- Ostrov Stolbikha (9.7km)
- Ostrov Mogil'nyy (15.9km)
- Ostrov Luda-Bol'shaya Varbulda (17.6km)
- Ostrov Oleniy (18.8km)
- Ostrov Malekhina (19.2km)
- Ostrov Ovechiy (19.9km)
- lake;
- a large inland body of standing water.
- Ozero Vilovatoye (3.7km)
- Ozero Rybnoye (7.6km)
- Ozero Chërnoye (8.6km)
- Ozero Pozenskoye (11.7km)
- Ozero Kisloye (12.8km)
- Ozero Sukhogubskoye (13.4km)
- Ozero Sukhogubskoye (13.5km)
- Ozero Bol'shaya Yagolomba (13.8km)
- Ozero Maloye Pozenskoye (15.2km)
- Ozero Lis'ye (15.8km)
- Ozero Krivoye (19.9km)
- bay;
- a coastal indentation between two capes or headlands, larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf.
- Gridina Guba (3km)
- Guba Kochkinskaya (6.7km)
- Guba Mogil'naya (8.2km)
- Guba Shirolanga (13km)
- Guba Popova (14.1km)
- Guba Sukhaya (16km)
- Guba Stoykovskaya (17.5km)
- Guba Uzkaya (17.9km)
- Guba Yemel'yanikha (19.5km)
- cape;
- a land area, more prominent than a point, projecting into the sea and marking a notable change in coastal direction.
- Mys Dmitreyev (2.9km)
- Mys Kirbey (4.8km)
- Mys Purnavolok (7.1km)
- Mys Chërnyy Kamen' (16.5km)
- Mys Patochnyy (18.5km)
- Mys Krasnyy (19.7km)
- point;
- a tapering piece of land projecting into a body of water, less prominent than a cape.
- Mys Tolstik (8.5km)
- Mys Gordney (10.8km)
- Mys Sholombrodskiy (13.3km)
- Mys Orlov (15.6km)
- rapids;
- a turbulent section of a stream associated with a steep, irregular stream bed.
- Porog Stoykovskiy (16km)
- Porog Yaichnyy (16.1km)
- Porog Koroviy (16.7km)
- Porog Morskoy (16.7km)
- islands;
- tracts of land, smaller than a continent, surrounded by water at high water.
- Ostrova Kabatskiye Ludy (11.5km)
- Ostrova Berezhnyye (13.6km)
- Ostrova Yatko-Ludy (15.9km)
- populated place;
- a city, town, village, or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work.
- Gridino (0km)
- Sosnovtsy (4.1km)
- Kokkosalma (18.3km)
- lakes;
- large inland bodies of standing water.
- Ozëra Rigochnyye (12.4km)
- area;
- a tract of land without homogeneous character or boundaries.
- Urochishche Bol'shoy Mokh (9.8km)
Wikipedia entries close to
- Engozero (airport) airport airport
- Lake Engozero lake
- Loukhi
- Lake Keret lake
- Chupa (urban-type settlement)
- Umba River river
- Loukhi-3 airport airport
- Umba city o
- Weißes Meer waterbody sea
- Lake Vyalozero lake
- Solowezki isle isle
- Kem (town) city city o
- Solowezki-Inseln isle isle
- Solovki Airport airport airport
- Solowezki-Kloster landmark world herita
- Poduzhemye airport airport


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EDMofy Publishes Extremely Racist Top 15 List
Although EDMofy is an electronic dance music blog based out of Goa, India, there is no denying that their 15 Annoying Things Indians Do At Music Festivals list is completely uncalled for. From calling out the newly formed selfie-stick trend to poking fun at various music festival chants, this list is both ridiculous and unwarranted. The electronic dance music community is fundamentally designed to embody the notions of peace, love, unity, and respect, and this list is anything but a representation of the EDM community.
The EDMofy article tries to play the list off as comical wordplay, yet fails miserably: "Here in this article, we have made an effort to congregate such awkward, annoying yet incredibly hilarious moments and things we experience while attending an EDM concert!" The racist list adheres to a Buzzfeed style layout, including a handful of gifs that unsuccessfully reach their goal of being funny.
Overall, this list accomplishes just one objective of taking about twenty steps back as far as racial equality in the modern world goes. You can check out the full list through EDMofy here.
[H/T: EDMofy]
Cover photo via Radio and Music
Follow EDM.com:


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Montague Terry Fox Run
Montague Waterfront
Sunday, September 17, 2017 at 9:00am - 12:00pm
3 hours
Upcoming occurrences:
No results found for this timeframe (next 6 months from today).
37th Terry Fox Run - Sunday, September 17, 2017
Location: Montague Waterfront along the Confederation Trail
Start: 9:00 am | Registration: 8:30 am
Distances: 2km - 10km
You can register as an individual or team online (terryfox.org), in person, or by downloading the Terry Fox Foundation App.
Everyone is welcome to join our team: "Montague Terry Fox"
You can run, walk, bike, or volunteer. All are welcome!
"I want to set an example that will never be forgotten." - Terry Fox


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Vipul Nahar
Blend of heavy and impressive voice which can leave long lasting impression on anybody who does hear to it.
English, Hindi
India (Hindi)
Young Adult
Special Skills
Audiobooks, Business, Educational, Movie Trailers, Music, Radio, Telephone, Television
Software Industry
Service Description
As i mentioned, Blend of heavy and impressive voice can leave such an impression in customer's mind that he/she can incline towards respective product/service
Payment Terms
Hire Vipul as a voice actor. Payment is made through Voices.com SurePay, an escrow service that guarantees your work is done to your satisfaction. Send payment securely by Visa, Mastercard or PayPal through Voices.com then download your files from the website.
Watch a video to see how to make a payment
Next Steps
To contact Vipul Nahar about your project, request a quote today. We'll walk you through the process step-by-step. It's fast and easy.
This talent has not uploaded any demos yet.
Hire Vipul Nahar as a voice actor. Working with Vipul Nahar is fast and easy. We'll walk you through the process step-by-step.
Request a quote for your project today.