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redelf 12:11 16 Jan 2003
Trying to create an "if" formula in Excel which will include wildcard characters. Example:-
cell a1 contents are B-YRH 15
cell a2 BL-YRH
cell a3 CA-NRH
cells b1:b3 contain numerical values
I want cells c1:c3 to search by wildard for the characters before, or after, the hyphen in a1:a3 (eg *-YRH ) and show the numeric values from b1:b3 as appropriate. Whichever wildcard operater I use the result is always shown as "false" (but not as a formula error). Can anyone help please ?


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This is Leah
The Leah theme combines simplicity with feather-light navigation to create a simplistic, understated and classy feel to any website. With a large slider that sits beneath your menu, you are able to showcase your best salon photography, latest blog posts or your unbeatable offers and deals whilst your visitors navigate around the site.
- Mobile Version
- Nowadays just about everyone has a smartphone, they use them for just about everything too! Browsing the internet and looking for a salon is right up there on the things they'll use their phone for! So your site needs to be viewable on a mobile, well that is exactly what we give you, a mobile-friendly website all as part of the service. No extra cost!
- Free Web Hosting
- If you've ever rented space in a warehouse or paid for car parking space then this is a good metaphor for web hosting. Just about every web company charges for the space your site takes up on their servers. Well not us! Your web hosting comes as part of the deal, no extra cost at all!
- Admin Panel
- Possibly the best bit of all, we give you your own website admin panel – meaning that you can log into your website whenever you like and make your own changes! You don't have to keep coming back to us every time you want to add a new sentence to a page, change a price or replace an image, you can do it all yourself. And it's really easy too!
- Free Support
- We are here all week long to help you through. If you're struggling with the system or there is something wrong with you're website we are here for you! Just fire an email to our support team or give us a call and someone will help you through!
Whatcomes with this design?
Sliders are a really nice and effective way to keep people on your website. These days it's said you get about 5 seconds to keep someone's attention. So a slider scrolling through up to ten images not only looks really nice and adds a bit of movement but also catches their attention again and keeps people on your website just that little bit longer!
Want to show off your work in the best way possible? Do you want a place that will display examples of your services, show off the finest examples of your work to your visitors? Then our gallery extension might be just the thing you need!
Our standard gallery extension is what is quoted for here, but there are custom galleries we can produce for you if you'd like. Get in touch if you have a specific idea in mind!

subset: commoncrawl


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A chubby little girl with blond hair, blue eyes, and ordinary looks, Victoria Dawson has always felt out of place in her family, especially in body conscious Los Angeles. Her parents are disappointed by their daughter's looks.
Later in life, the one thing Victoria knows is that she has to get as far away from home as possible and, after college in Chicago (which her parents disapprove of), she moves to New York City. Landing her dream job as a high school teacher, Victoria finds joy and excitement working with her students by day--and by night continues to wage war on her weight among the sleek and buff at Manhattan's fitness clubs. Victoria keeps a lifeline open to her family through her close relationship with her sister Gracie. For though they can't be more different the two sisters love each other unconditionally. By contrast her parents, though across the country, still have an emotional hold on Victoria and instinctively seem to know just what to say to bring her down. Victoria knows she has been a disappointment to them all her life. No matter what she does, she can never win their approval.
When Grace announces her engagement to a man who is an exact replica of their handsome, materialistic, narcissistic father Victoria cannot help but feel even more ostracized, and like a failure once again. Ahead is a challenge and a risk: to accept herself as she is, celebrate it, and win the victories she has fought so hard for and deserves. Big girl or not, she is a gem!
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Steve Cram joins MPs in 'Race Against Third World Debt'
Six time gold medallist, Steve Cram will join MPs from all the major parties in a 'race against third world debt' outside the Houses of Parliament tomorrow, (13 May). The race, staged by the Jubilee Debt Campaign, the World Development Movement and an all party group of MPs, will highlight the continued crisis of massive unpayable debts that cause poverty and suffering in developing countries. MPs bearing the names of some of the desperately poor countries affected by debt will race to the UN Millennium Development Goal of halving the numbers living in extreme poverty worldwide by 2015. But they will struggle under the weight of large sacks containing the unbearable debts that developing countries have to pay, and IMF and World Bank 'economic hurdles' will block their path. College Green will be set up as a running track for the event. Steve Cram, a former BBC Sports Personality of the Year, will start the race and commentate as the MPs struggle down the thirty-metre track, cheered on by their colleagues. The race will be a fun, eye catching way for MPs to draw attention to the shocking fact that over 1.2 billion people live on less than one dollar a day, and call for a commitment to further debt relief by the world's richest countries. MPs taking part in the race include: Oona King (Lab), Barbara Follett (Lab), Caroline Spelman (Con) and Paul Burstow (Lib Dem). Over 30 MPs are expected to take part in the event. The race is part of the events to mark the fifth anniversary of the 1998 G8 summit in Birmingham where 70,000 people surrounded world leaders in a human chain to demand debt relief for the world's poorest people. Joining those cheering on the racing MPs will be Mulima Akapelwa, a leading Zambian debt activist who participated in the 1998 demonstration. On Friday thousands of debt campaigners will return to Birmingham to mark the historic occasion that launched Jubilee 2000 onto the world stage as an unprecedented global campaign.


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* Promo codes do not apply to this product, due to the brand's request.
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700 Louisiana, Suite 4000
Houston, Texas 77002
United States
|Areas of Practice
|1) Employment Law and 2) Commercial Litigation
|Rice University (B.A., magna cum laude, 1977)
|Most recent firm
|Abrams Scott & Bickley, L.L.P.
A. Harrison Barnes is a well-known attorney throughout the United States. As a member of the Malibu community, Harrison is committed to serving the needs of Malibu residents and businesses in legal matters.
Ms. Fitzgerald represents employers in a wide range of industries, including the entertainment, financial services, hospitality, manufacturing, retail, and transportation industries.


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- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
Description of the accommodation:
Rooms, services Guests looking for accommodation in Shenzhen are welcome to book 80 nicely furnished rooms at Hailian Hotel - Shenzhen. Since the hotel has an own restaurant, you may also try fine local meals on the spot. Car rental service is available to discover all must-sees and highlights of the area. Should you want to stay in good shape during your holiday, you may also take the sports and exercise opportunities provided by the local gym. For meetings and nice evening chats the local café will provide an ideal location. You may secure your valuables in the safe. If you wish to learn more about the exact scope of services provided by Hailian Hotel - Shenzhen (including any available for an extra fee), you will find them on the information sheet below.
Payment In order to finalize the reservation you may be required to provide credit card guarantee or advance payment by credit card, depending on the chosen room, date and price.
Arrival, opening hours The personnel is at your service in Chinese - China and English languages.
Hailian Hotel - Shenzhen rooms Rooms
- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
Accommodation services
Relaxation: Fitness
Car rental nearby
Cafe, Elevator, Safe deposit box
Own restaurant
Desk in the room


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Isn't it obvious? Martin's not a close personal friend, so I haven't had in depth conversations with him on the matter, but both he and Jordan said in early interviews that they planned for their series to run 4-5 books max, and the swift plotting in their first volume or two support that. Then buckets of cash rolled in and the pace slowed like crazy.
I am just gonna consider the HBO show cannon from now on. Fuck the books, he's not going to finish and the series will never get back to being how good it was in 1-3.
Just seems uncharitable -- a Tolkien fan should appreciate that some tales grow in the telling.
Criticism isn't charitable, and I admit freely to being very critical of both Martin and Jordan. I do appreciate that tales can grow beyond their author's initial imaginings (it certainly happened with LoTR), but Tolkien's pace was constant even as his world expanded. Various members of the Fellowship are present in every chapter, and the story moves. By contrast, Jordan and Martin both shove their main characters offstage for long periods of time because they have to do things that matter when the spotlight is on them.
When I reread the books the last time, I just read the POV chapters that I liked. Still very enjoyable and much less filler. However, even Tyrion's chapters started to drag in the last book. Even with all of the cliff hangers, the first three books are almost the perfect story, especially in terms of Tyrion's arc. Ditch Dany and the fucking dragons and this story could be well over by now. Winter may be coming, but WTF is Martin going to do with it when it arrives?
The dragons are the thing though. Martin's said (or at least implied) in the past that the King's Landing intrigue, the "War of the Five Kings" stuff and all the political drama was supposed to be just window-dressing for the central story of Dany, Jon, the Dragons and the White Walkers. The fact that the Central Westros stuff was much more compelling than the fantasy stuff seemed to come as a surprise to him as well.
Wait a second, Martin limits the fantasy elements to almost nothing, gives us awesome human, political characters like Tyrion, Littlefinger, Cersei, Tywin, etc. and then he is surprised that is what people like about his books? Maybe he actually is as clueless as Jordan was.
No, what happened is that HE was surprised by how much more interesting HE found Tywin Lannister, the Queen of Thorns, Littlefinger, etc... and how much he enjoyed writing their (now expanded) stories. People who were going to be throw-away "NPC" types suddenly became minor characters in their own right, and minor characters were unexpectedly vaulted into much more prominent roles.
I think one of the big issues with Books 4 and Book 5 is that Martin was struggling to make the non-Westros world (Mereen, etc.) as interesting as he had made the Westerosi. To combat this, I think he struggled to introduce a bunch of new characters, perhaps expecting that they would be just as interesting as, say, Tywin.
Read some of those and see if you come away with a higher regard for book 5. I did, and I was pretty disappointed at how little apparent story was told in the last book.
re: Tin - Okay. That makes more sense.
Ah.. huh. I actually thought Dance was amazing, though I only read it once. I'm saving a re-read for the 6th book being closer to out, but this blog is really neat. I better book mark it, it's been long enough some of this is almost a "spoiler", so to speak.
Wow...that's awesome, and while I always liked Book 5, I like it even more now.
Book 5 was better than 4, but that is not a very high bar. Book 5 just has the more invested and interesting characters.
Yes, that blog is a great work of analysis. There were so many subtle plot threads going on in book 5 (Tyrion doing a lot with a little—no dwarf pun intended—for instance) that I didn't even perceive them, and I thought I was a pretty good Song of Ice and Fire reader.
If there's anything "wrong" with the latter aSoIaF books, it is that Martin is walking the line between the extremes of making each novel its own self-contained story and making each novel "here's what happened this month in Westeros." And in the course of every installment, he's writing 4-8 novels that are kind of interacting with each other.
Yep. But i just have read one of this series, thats Game of Thrones. And now it was adapted into TV series, which makes me so happy. So i have almost each episode of this tv series.
Is this a great deal? $75 for all 3 seasons
Game of Thrones, Seasons 1-3 by Game of Throneshttps://itun.es/us/qH-63
The BluRay seasons go for about $30 per on Amazon right now, so it seems like a decent price to me. That said, season 4 should be out in a month or three and they might have some package deals at that time.
As an alternative for $75, you could subscribe to HBO for five months and watch them all though HBO Go along with a bunch of other stuff.
I much prefer a digital copy these days so as to save space. I went ahead with it, just surprise that not many are excited over the price. I've read the books twice but have not watched the HBO series, so this will be interesting.. Just say the pilot episode. Great, great cast!
I envy you the experience -- I've gotten to the point where I enjoy the shows more than I did the books. And I love the books... I too have ready them a couple times each.
Without ever subscribing to HBO I have seen most the episodes through the free weekends they offer. They had a free weekend with the beginning of the last season and as part of that I was able to DVR most of season 2 and all of season three. I hope they do that again when the new season comes out.


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Plans for a new library at the University of Georgia that will offer one-stop researching for scholars of Georgia history got a substantial boost recently from the Richard B. Russell Foundation.
The foundation has promised $3 million toward the new special collections library, which will house the papers of the late U.S. Sen. Richard Russell, along with the university's Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library and the Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection.
Today, the state Board of Regents will consider funding architectural renderings for the $30 million project, to be named for Russell. One-third of the building's cost will be raised from private sources and the rest will be paid for with state funds.
''We are making good progress in the private phase of our fund-raising drive, but this represents a significant step toward our goal,'' University Librarian William Gray Potter said. ''We are, of course, very grateful to the Russell Foundation for this commitment to our continued growth.''
Much of the building will provide storage for the three growing collections now housed on North Campus, but Potter said an atrium for exhibits and an auditorium for lectures will be part of the building proposal.
The TV and film collection is one of the largest such archives in the nation, after UCLA and the Library of Congress. The Russell Library contains the papers of more than 100 public officials and documents more than a century of Georgia political history. The Hargrett collection is also substantial and needs room to grow. The largest room at Hargrett in the main library holds only about 30 people.
Fund-raising for the new building is already underway, and a regents' map shows a site off Hull Street as a possible location. The new Russell Library is a long way from reality, however.
''It's going to take a long time,'' Potter said. ''It has to percolate on the regents' (funding) list.''
The Russell Foundation was established in 1970 for collecting and preserving a documented record of Russell's service. The foundation's initial project was the establishment of the Russell Library at the university, where the senator earned a law degree in 1918. The foundation has since established an endowed history chair, faculty awards and student scholarships.
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ABOUT 130,000 people a year will choose to take cash out of their pension pot when the new rules to give retirees more financial freedom come into force, according to estimates from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).
The projections also indicate Chancellor George Osborne's shake-up is set to generate a Treasury windfall of about £3.8 billion over the coming five years as people move to cash in their pension pots, subject to tax.
The reforms, which were unveiled in the Budget, mean that from next April, people will be able to cash in their pension pot subject to their normal tax rate.
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About 400,000 people will be able to do this next year and HMRC estimates that about 130,000 of them, equating to about one in three of those who are eligible, will take advantage of the new pension flexibility.


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Back in March, we told you about a mall Easter Bunny in New Jersey who was arrested after a fight with some mall patrons. Today we're a step closer to witnessing an Easter miracle.
Authorities have reduced the charges against the Easter Bunny from simple assault to aggravated assault. That means that the giant rabbit, who is known to the courts as Kassim Charles, faces a maximum of six months in prison, whereas before he was looking at serving 5 years.
This means that even if he's convicted, he'll be out in plenty of time to bring you your Easter basket next year.


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The Importance of Bringing Content and Context Together
Building a platform and strategy that will take your digital experiences into the next 5 years means stepping into uncharted territories. No one knows the devices or channels that will be most popular in the future. With the pace of technology growth, predicting what you'll need or what will be the preferred device in even a few years is incredibly difficult. While today you may be thinking about mobile applications and websites, a few years from now augmented and virtual reality could be your largest growth potential.
Fortunately, we're not starting off blind. We know from early tech pioneers the kinds of problems that we'll face and the terrain we'll be on. But the first step on any successful journey is to make sure you know exactly where you're going and what you'll need for the trip.
Preparing for the Destination
For personalization, the "destination" is when every customer, regardless of the device they're using, receives the content that makes them most likely to buy, engage or come back for more at just the right time. Everybody in the personalization space talks about this, but no one is actually there yet. The pioneers who come the closest are the heavyweights in the tech industry like Google, Facebook, Netflix and Amazon. They have teams of data scientists and engineers working on this problem, yet they still have a long way to go.
One aspect of the destination we can be completely sure of is that it involves showing content to users. Content refers to anything a user will see on a website or any other channel; from products to technical documentation, from the footer to images. When you add personalization into the mix, now you're potentially dealing with the need for individualized content that fuels tailored experiences for different segments and user profiles.
Managing dozens if not hundreds of siloed data sources, each one duplicating content for a different channel, will simply not work. Knowing the complexity that awaits us, and generally what it will look like, allows us to bring the right tools in the right configuration so that we can make it through this uncharted territory unscathed.
Organizing and Utilizing Customer Data
Over the past several years, organizations have become increasingly aware of the power of understanding and leveraging customer data. This is evidenced by the proliferation of data related marketing tools and the push by leading content management platforms into data services. Furthermore, the rapid improvement in tools related to very large data sets such as the Hadoop and Apache Spark ecosystems, as well as AWS and other cloud services, have helped to accelerate the adoption of powerful data tools and also increased awareness of the possibilities to the technology industry at large.
One obvious trend that stems from the adoption of these tools is that in order to reap the full benefits of a data related strategy, data from around the organization must be centralized and normalized. This means that data coming from every touch point and every moment that an individual interacts with an organization must be brought into the same data store so that it can be analyzed and acted upon. This data store must be sufficiently flexible to meet this need, and it must be able to scale rapidly in support of millions if not billions of interactions per day.
Two general approaches have emerged to this problem from an architectural standpoint. One is the creation of a technology stack often referred to as a "data lake", which can take all data from disparate sources and make it accessible to analysts or data scientists in order to discover the insights needed by the organization. The second approach is to normalize data at the time of collection. Various solutions have emerged for this task which provide APIs, integrations and aggregations.
Either approach can be beneficial for analytics, but the latter is preferred when building a system that is meant to adapt to user needs in real time. This is because structured data can be fed into a personalization system as well as better understood by predictive algorithms. For this reason, our future ready personalization toolset includes a rich, structured and highly flexible data store, or Unified Customer Profile, which provides the context of users at any given time.
Sustainable Content Management
Many personalization and recommendation systems today fail to take into account the central importance of well structured content and the challenge of maintaining that content. As a result, only deeply technical individuals can make changes, or business users are severely limited in the scope of what they can accomplish. In either case, the end result can suffer significantly.
In the case of automated recommendation, a compromise is often made by simply using algorithms that attempt to extract the appropriate data from the content or that use other individuals' signals such as views or shares to derive their recommendations. As examples, collaborative and content based recommendations can do a fair job, but they are always incomplete. For example, a search engine rarely has access to deep semantic knowledge of the content, and while the semantic web movement is making strides at fixing this problem, deep knowledge of the content is often still missing.
The other common approach by personalization vendors is to provide What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) editors that overlay on top of a page. These tools are easy to get started with, but the results are unsustainable. Not only do you have two completely different editing systems (one you created the base page with, the other for creating variations), but it also becomes very difficult to understand what a page might look like for a given user.
These are all problems that can be addressed through deeper integration with content management systems such as Drupal.
A successful journey begins with planning. A great architect begins with a firm foundation. While the ideal of 1-to-1 personalization has yet to be realized, we can all see it getting closer. To prepare your organization for what's to come, you need to plan carefully for how your content and your user's context can be integrated together in a central place. From there, you can start incrementally building out a personalization team and program, knowing that you can scale into the future without the foundation collapsing. It's an exciting future, and we should all be ready.


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Fax : +91 120-4572002 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.brilltech.co.in , http://www.busductmanufacturers.com


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|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|11 Mar 2008
|Fecha de presentación
|28 Mar 2002
|Fecha de prioridad
|28 Mar 2002
|También publicado como
|Número de publicación
|David Carroll Challener, David Robert Safford
|Cesionario original
|Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citas de patentes (11), Otras citas (1), Citada por (28), Clasificaciones (14), Eventos legales (5)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to electronic data storage systems and in particular to security of electronic file systems on a data storage medium. Still more particularly, the present invention relates to a method and system for enabling secure storage of and access to an encryption key for an electronic file system located on a data storage medium within a trusted computer platform.
2. Description of the Related Art
The protection of sensitive data is very important to users of computer systems. For example, data such as personnel records or customer credit card numbers may be stored on a computer, and if that computer (or even just the storage media) is stolen, the thief has access to the sensitive information. This is especially troublesome with laptop computers, which are frequently stolen. Moreover, information may be misappropriated even when the storage media is not physically taken, such as when an unauthorized individual gains access to a computer (possibly when that computer is simply online) and copies information from some or all of its files.
To protect information, one type of security procedure involves encrypting the data, so that even if the data falls into the wrong hands, it cannot be read without a key. Encryption of file systems (i.e., utilization of encrypting file systems (EFS) is becoming a common requirement to enable security of components saved on hard disks of computer systems that are accessible by multiple users or are subject to theft, etc. Many application level programs provide some form of such encryption. While better than nothing, however, such existing encryption schemes suffer from a myriad of problems. Most notable among the problems is that the encrypted data is still susceptible to a number of attacks.
Although encryption of EFS protects the files from unsophisticated hackers/attacks, more experienced/sophisticated attackers have found ways to crack into encrypted file systems. During encryption an encryption key is generated and saved within a register on the disk. This encryption key is required to later gain access to the EFS. Possible attacks to the EFS include opening up the hard disk and looking at the files bit by bit to find the key. Thus, keys that are hidden on the hard disk or merely hashed for comparison are not likely to work. Even with advanced EFS and encryption measures, a sophisticated attacker is still able to gain access to the EFS on the hard disk by scanning the hard disk for the key. One approach to providing added protection to EFSs involves the creation of the trusted computer platform, which is typically operated with Linux operating system.
The standards governing the trusted computer platform are promulgated by the Trusted Computer Platform Alliance (TCPA). Specifications for TCPA may be found at the URL (universal resource locator) address on the world-wide web (www) page "trustedpc.org," relevant contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. TCPA provides a trusted platform module (TPM) chip, which enables data to be encrypted along with password/encryption key, both of which are stored within the TPM chip. The TPM chip is able to read/decipher the encryption key and the blob internally. Entry of the correct authorization/password will cause the TPM to decrypt the encryption key and/or blob and export the key and/or the file.
One security measure utilized with TCPA is secure hashing. Secure hashing is a one-way, non-linear, encryption method in which 2 or more data values are "hashed" (or combined) to create a new value. Once hashing is completed, the original data values cannot be obtained from the new value because there is no reverse-hashing process available. Thus, for example, a secure hashing algorithm (SHA) takes two 20 byte values and produces a unique 20 byte output. SHA is thus utilized in cryptographic/encryption processes.
With TCPA and EFS, one primary security issue is providing secure storage of the encryption key to prevent the key from being found and utilized by someone for whom access to the file system is not authorized. Often, the user of a multi-user or networked computer system may desire to access the EFS remotely, and he/she may keep the authorization key/password on his person to be able to do so. However, this means that the system must be booted without the password (i.e., in an un-secure fashion) and is not necessarily a trusted/secure system. Any person who acquires the password can then access the file system after the computer system is booted and the person provides the password.
Providing complete security for an EFS utilizing standard encryption techniques has not been possible. With TCPA, the user typically wishes the platform to boot unattended, i.e., without human intervention/input. Having the key made available on the hard drive during the boot sequence is one option. It is not difficult for an operating system (OS) to encrypt data with a secure algorithm and store the data and the encryption key on the hard disk. Currently, however, there is no method to create a file system that encrypts files on a hard disk without exposing the key stored on the hard drive. As indicated above, there is no secure way to store the key on the hard drive because anyone can simply analyze the hard drive to find the key and thereby gain access to the file system.
The present invention thus recognizes that it would be desirable to provide a method and system for securely storing and/or hiding the encryption key required for accessing encrypted file systems on a data processing system. A method and system that utilizes SHA with the platform control registers (PCRs) of a computer system during a boot process to provide secure/trusted access to an encryption key required for accessing an EFS on a trusted computer platform would be a welcomed improvement. These and other benefits are provided by the invention described herein.
Disclosed is a method for restricting access to an encryption key of an encrypted file system (EFS), whereby access is provided only when a computer system is booted in a trusted state. The EFS encrypts the files within a trusted platform module (TPM) chip according to TCPA specifications and simultaneously creates the encryption key, which is also stored in the TPM. The key is sealed to one or more platform control register (PCR) states (i.e., the TPM will export the key only when the PCRs are in a pre-defined state.). The original PCR states are modified during boot up of the computer system via a secure hashing algorithm, which extends a value of one PCR to a next PCR at each stage of the boot process and then hashes the value with the remaining content of the next PCR.
When the system boot process is completed and before control passes to the user, the values within the PCRs are compared to values stored in a PCR table within the TPM, and the encryption key is exported to the OS kernel only when the PCR values match the table values. The control code of the TMP chip decrypts and exports the key only if the value of each and every PCR matches its corresponding table value. A complete match indicates that the computer system has completed a trusted boot sequence.
Immediately following the comparison, the EFS extends one of the PCRs so that at least one of the PCR values no longer matches its corresponding table value. The selected PCR that is extended by the EFS following the comparison is a PCR that is not being utilized by other software. The extension of the PCR closes a time window in which the encryption key may be exported so that the key may only be exported at the moment the comparison is undertaken and returns with a positive result.
Return of the encryption key alerts the system that the boot was a trusted boot and that the system may thus operate as a trusted computer platform. Following its decryption, the encryption key is stored in memory and may then be utilized to decrypt secondary keys that are utilized by other files of the file system to open the other files as requested by a user. This later user access to the file system is then controlled by the EFS which provides access to specific data within the EFS depending on the specific user authorization. Accordingly, a user may access the trusted computer platform remotely without worrying about compromising the security of the EFS because of an un-secure boot process.
In one embodiment, the encryption key is sealed with authorization data and the background algorithm generates a prompt for an entry of the authorization data during the boot up sequence. In this embodiment, the decryption and export of the encryption key by the TPM chip occurs only when both (1) the input received in response to the prompt matches the authorization data and (2) the PCR values matches those within the PCR table.
All objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed written description.
The novel features believed characteristic of the invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives, and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The present invention may be executed in a variety of computers under a number of different bootstrap programs and operating systems. The computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a midrange computer, a network computer, or a mainframe computer. In addition, the computer may be a stand-alone system or part of a network such as a local-area network (LAN) or a wide-area network (WAN).
Referring now to the drawings and in particular to
As shown in
Computer system 20 also includes input-output (I/O) circuitry 34 for connecting the computer system 20 to one or more networked devices, to one or more input devices 36 such as a keyboard and/or mouse, and/or to one or more output devices 38 such as a monitor and/or speakers. Computer system 20 further includes non-volatile storage device 40 such as a hard disk drive. As can be appreciated, the non-volatile storage device 40 may also operate in conjunction with the random access memory of the memory 24 to provide a large amount of virtual memory via swapping techniques.
The file system 28 connects through a device driver 42 to communicate with the non-volatile storage device 40 and to manage the files thereon. File system 28 generally contains methods for (1) storing, referencing, sharing and securing files, (2) accessing file data, and (3) maintaining file integrity. Notwithstanding, there is not always a clear distinction between a file system 28 and its associated operating system, particularly with those file systems 28 contained within an operating system. Accordingly, it is understood that any or all of the processes or steps attributed herein to the file system 28 may alternatively be performed by the operating system 26, and vice-versa.
The non-volatile storage 40 stores a number of files 44(1)-44(n), which, as illustrated, have their data organized in attribute data streams. As shown in
Referring now to
The EFS driver 46 is loaded dynamically by file system 28 when file system 28 is initialized. File system 28 causes the EFS driver 46 to attach to file system 28 (i.e., be inserted into the layered driver chain) for a particular volume when file system 28 first receives an I/O request packet to create/open a file on that volume, or when file system 28 receives an I/O request packet with a file control operation attempting an encryption related operation on a file on that volume.
Those skilled in the art are familiar with the various processes by which initial encryption of the file system may be implemented and an encrypted key generated and utilized for later access to the encrypted file. Other configuration of EFS may be possible according to TCPA.
The present invention provides a method and system by which the encryption key is hidden within the TPM chip from unauthorized users and made available for accessing the file system only on a trusted computer platform (i.e., only following a secure/trusted boot process of the TCP). The invention implements the secure hashing algorithm (SHA) within the boot sequence and provides a process in which extended values of PCRs are utilized by the TPM to determine a time window during which decryption and exporting of the encryption key may be completed.
The illustrated embodiment is described within a TCP running the Linux operating system and corresponding boot sequence. However, the features of the invention may be extended/applicable to other boot sequences and to other computer platforms running either Linux or a different operating system. The invention extends the functionality of a boot sequence of the computer system and that of a TPM chip to provide further security of file systems created on the TCP.
For a computer to start running, for instance upon power up or reboot, an initialization program (or bootstrap program) is required. The bootstrap program initializes all aspects of the data processing system, from CPU registers to device controllers to memory contents. The bootstrap program also loads the operating system (OS) and initiates execution of the OS by the processor.
The invention entails the creation of a time window during the boot sequence in which encryption key of the EFS may be obtained from the TPM chip. According to one embodiment, the window is created by first "sealing" the key to certain specific Platform Control Registers (PCR) states. That is, the value recorded in the PCRs and which each represent one stage of the boot sequence has to be in a specific state in order for a TPM (security chip) to be willing to decrypt the encrypted block that contains the encryption key and export the key.
The invention thus utilizes the PCR values in the TCPA boot sequence as a password (or sequence of passwords). The encryption key is only available during the boot process and for a limited period of time. The invention therefore provides a one way key decryption and export function. During a trusted boot sequence, the time window is opened when the correct values are in the PCRs. Providing the correct PCR values opens the time window in which the key may be decrypted and exported by the TPM and stored in memory for later utilization by the EFS. Then, the time window is closed, thus securing the key until a next Linux boot sequence on the TCP.
In one embodiment, the window is closed by the EFS algorithm, which extends the value of one of the PCRs that decryption depends upon. According to the illustrative embodiment, the selected PCR that closes the time window is one that is not used by other software executing on the computer, although any PCR maybe extended to yield similar results.
During the boot, Linux, via the modified boot code and SHA extends the PCR value to decode the encrypted key. Since the TPM chip will not decrypt the key if all of the PCR values are not correct, the encryption key boots only into the correct (i.e., trusted) OS kernel. The PCR values required to decode the key is recorded into a PCR table, accessible only by the TPM chip (code). The key itself can only be decrypted following a trusted Linux boot sequence on a TCP.
According to the illustrative embodiment of the invention, the bootstrap program is modified to include a background trusted boot algorithm. The background algorithm comprises a secure hashing algorithm (SHA), code for extending the results of the SHA to another PCR, and code for forwarding the PCR values to the TPM for comparison. The background algorithm also includes code for extending the result of a SHA operation to a next PCR and coded for monitoring the time window and closing the time window before a user obtains access to the system. The SHA produces a series of hashed values, which are extended into the next PCR. During the boot process, the background code interactively hashes and extends the PCR values at each stage of the boot process to provide a sequence of PCR states that are ascertainable.
Upon initially supplying power to the CPU though a power-up sequence, the boot code passes control to the various process block as described above with reference to
Thus 20 bytes of each subsequent PCR is replaced with the SHA hash from the previous PCR. The extend and hash operation is thus an iterative operation continuing until the final boot process completes. Because the hash values are non-invertible (i.e., the original 20 byte values cannot be computationally deduced from the resulting hash, only a secure/trusted boot process will yield the correct sequence of PCR values.
The PCR values within the table is utilized by the TPM code to determine when a trusted boot has occurred and when to export the encryption key. Thus, the encryption key is sealed to correct PCR states. Access to secure files stored on the TPM is only allowed when the encryption key is available to the OS and kernel. Further, the encryption key is only made available to the OS and kernel when a boot sequence yields the correct values of the PCRs when compared against the table of PCR values. The table values are compared with the PCR values following the boot process as described below with reference to
Each individual register is checked against its value within the PCR table 331. When each and every value matches, the system completed a trusted boot and the TPM exports the encryption key to the OS kernel. If any of the values does not match, the EFS is alerted that someone has tried to interfere with the boot process and the TPM does not export the encryption key, thus locking the EFS from unauthorized access. Accordingly, the computer system is a trusted system when accessing the encrypted file system because the key will only be provided if the computer boots in a trusted state as determined when the correct values of the PCRs are provided.
Particular PCR values are associated with each PCR register, and the combination of correct PCR states operate as a password to authorize exporting the encryption key. In other words, the encryption key is locked to specific PCR values all being in the correct state. Notably, only 6 PCRs are illustrated as being extended during the boot process. In the illustrative embodiment, all other PCRs, e.g., PCR 7, are assumed to have a 0 value. The blob within the TPM representing the encryption key will be decrypted only if all PCR values (including those not extended) have their expected value.
The time window occurs when all the PCRs are in the correct state. However, the window must be locked before users are able to access the system. To achieve this in the illustrative embodiment, the PCR value is extended from a 0 value via SHA. In one embodiment this is completed by the EFS. The encrypted file system thus requests the encryption key from the TPM when the kernel is loaded and then closes the time window by extending at least one of the PCR values.
Following the decryption and export of the key by the TPM, the OS kernel obtains the key and gives the key to the file system. When the decoded key is provided, the EFS stores that key in memory and uses the key to decrypt the secondary user keys used by all other files. During operation of the computer system, only the OS can obtain the key and the OS tracks which users have authorization for which files of the EFS. The end users are unable to utilize the hard disk (without correct authorization) because he/she is locked out from getting the encryption key required to access the disk. The secondary user keys are decrypted as necessary and appropriate according to the security policy established for each user. The encryption key is therefore not directly accessible to the application, although it may be utilized for file encryption processes. The invention thus guarantees the OS or other programs running on the system are not provided with access to and cannot "grab" the crypto keys and also cannot save data in memory locations to which they do not have authorization.
When a match occurs, the TPM decrypts the encryption key as indicated at block 419 and exports the encrypted key to the OS kernel as shown at block 421. One of the PCR states is then extended to close the time window and prevent further access to the encryption key as shown at block 423. The OS kernel stores the key in memory as indicated at block 425. The key may then be utilized by the OS and the EFS to decrypt the other user key(s) utilized for all other files in the file system and decrypt them as necessary and appropriate. The process then ends as shown at block 427.
One embodiment of the invention allows the user to provide added security by sealing the encryption key with authorization data, which is then also required in order to access and/or decode the encryption key. Also, since the TPM uses HMAC to authorize using this data, authorization can be done remotely, but only to a system that is booted into a trusted state. An additional extension of this embodiment allows the EFS to hide the authorization data (rather than the encryption key) needed to utilize a private (encryption) key that is available to decrypt encryption keys for each file.
In keeping with the invention, the Encrypting File System architecture is not limited to any particular encryption algorithm, but rather is fully algorithm agile and may use any cryptography algorithm for the various encryption phases. As a result, the Encrypting File System of the present invention allows for the usage of better and better encryption algorithms as such algorithms advance technologically.
As a final matter, it is important that while an illustrative embodiment of the present invention has been, and will continue to be, described in the context of a fully functional data processing system, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the software aspects of an illustrative embodiment of the present invention are capable of being distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, and that an illustrative embodiment of the present invention applies equally regardless of the particular type of signal bearing medium used to actually carry out the distribution. Examples of signal bearing media include recordable media such as floppy disks, hard disk drives, CD-ROMs, and transmission media such as digital and analog communication links.
Although the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, this description should not be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications of the disclosed embodiments, as well as alternative embodiments of the invention, will become apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description of the invention. It is therefore contemplated that such modifications can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
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|Clasificación de EE.UU.
|713/193, 380/44, 726/26, 713/165, 711/163, 713/190, 713/164
|Clasificación internacional
|Clasificación cooperativa
|Clasificación europea
|28 Mar 2002
Owner name: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATOPM, NEW Y
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Tuesday – June 28th, 2011
Comments (2)
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You should follow your latest comic up with a sequel:
Lola friend: there is no direct correlation between diabetes and watching tv.
Lola friend: If there was, millions of children would be having diabetes!
Lola: Millions of them are!
I looooove your comic strips. They're so simple but convey such a strong message!
I especially like it because it related to an article I recently wrote.
Keep up the amazing work.


text:
Posted 02 Nov 2010
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You have 2 options:
1. You could set RadGridView.ShowInsertRow property to true, that way you will add new item in a separate UI that do not care about the filter. (Recommended approach)
2. Another option is to handle RadGridView.AddingNewDataItem event and provide e.NewObject which passes current filter.
Posted 09 Aug 2011
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Posted 12 Aug 2011
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I'm not sure that I can understand your requirement. Generally filtering is applied before paging and I cannot reproduce such scenario when item is visible when it is committed and doesn't pass the filter (no matter if there is paging or not). Could you please provide me with a little bit more information about your scenario?
Thank you in advance.
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WELCOME !. AmeriCorps Student Leaders in Service Campus Supervisor Orientation. Orientation Goals:. Clarify roles and expectations of campus supervisors with regard to the program Provide an overview of processes from recruitment to exiting
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
AmeriCorps Student Leaders in Service
Campus Supervisor Orientation
Educating citizens, building communities.
(Ed Award Only)
Massachusetts Campus Compact
(Slots)AmeriCorps Funding Stream
Providing a direct benefit to—
(i) A business organized for profit;
(ii) A labor union;
(iii) A partisan political organization;
(iv) An organization engaged in the religious activities described in paragraph (g) of this section, unless Corporation assistance is not used to support those religious activities;
Individuals may exercise their rights as private citizens and may participate in the activities listed above on their initiative, on non-AmeriCorps time, and using non-Corporation funds. Individuals should not wear the AmeriCorps logo while doing so.
Members must:
All members must undergo a National Service Criminal History Check which consists of:
An individual is ineligible to serve in a covered position if the individual:
(a) Is registered, or required to be registered, on a State sex offender registry or the National Sex Offender Registry; or
(b) Has been convicted of murder, as defined in section 1111 of title 18, United States Code.
All outlined in the Member Contract
* Our timesheet was designed to specifically collect all necessary information for this grant. Collecting this information ensures that we can offer this program to our campuses each year.
Please remember to turn paperwork in on time! This means passing in the enrollment workbook by the deadline and members completing their last timesheet/exit form/exit survey within 30 days of their last day of service.
- Actively serving: continue serving the same average amount of hours as in other months and sending in timesheets until you are ready to exit.
During the terms of service, program members may be
released from the terms of service with no compensation if
a member has:
*All members must take the Drug Awareness Quiz and sign/date as part of the ASLIS Drug Awareness Program.
It is against the law for organizations that receive federal financial assistance from CNCS to discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, disability, sex, age, political affiliation, or, religion. It is also unlawful to retaliate against any person who, or organization that, files a complaint about such discrimination.
(For members who finish hours early or take the full service year to complete hours)
Kate Beyer
Program Director
Massachusetts Campus Compact
(617) 627-2033


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Script Analysis for Auditions and More The Most Important Class Actor's Fail to take Starts January 22nd 5 Weeks Starting November 13th Mondays 7-9pm This New On-Line Class will meet Mondays … [Read more...]
Last Advanced On-Camera Class of 2017 starts October 31st
We are excited to announce our upcoming Advanced On-Camera Class will begin on Tuesday October 31st, This will be the last class of 2017. With Pilot Season around the corner and so many … [Read more...]
Join Penny for a Panel Discussion on Creativity at the DRAMA BOOK SHOP Friday June 9th 5-7pm
Come and join the Celebration on Friday, June 9th, 2017, 5-7pm — a Special Book Event for "CREATE! How Extraordinary People Live To Create and Create To Live" — a new book by best-selling author, … [Read more...]
Penny Templeton Studio is Moving Today May 8th Check our Beautiful New Creative Space!
After 7 wonderful years at 344 W 38th Street, we feel relieved, blessed and happy to have found the perfect new home for our actors. Tomorrow (Monday May 8th) We are moving our … [Read more...]
Where Did All The Actors Come From?
The British Invasion – Let's Be Theatrical, The American over-emphasis on realism. Fighting Back- Part 1 "Where Did All the Actors Come From?" In the last decade we saw a huge influx of new … [Read more...]
Pilot Season. Are You Ready? Pilot Class Starts Nov. 2
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Weekend Video: Conversation with Allison Janney
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How to Get the Most Out of Your Acting Classes
The other day after an acting class, I overheard several actors beating themselves or apologizing for their work in class. "I sucked" … My scene was awful., I was busy, I didn't have time to work on … [Read more...]
Weekend VIDEO: Actors on Acting
I'm back with another (what I hope will be inspiring) Weekend Video. This time I have chosen something from the Actors on Actors series. Sir Ian McKellen and Cate Blanchett. Two actors who are … [Read more...]
Weekend Videos – SAG Foundastion: Translating Feedback
Penny and I often listen to SAG Foundation Interviews and Q&A's on our drive home after the Thursday Master Class. I try to share the most interesting and relevant videos with in this feature on … [Read more...]


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text:
I recently had the pleasure of catching up once again with Elizabeth Mayhew, Editor-in-Chief of Woman's Day magazine and author of Flip! For Decorating, to discuss the latest and greatest trends in home decor just in time for fall. If you're itching to paint the inside of your home or install new flooring, Elizabeth has everything you need to know about the hottest color trends and accessories this season!
Elizabeth Mayhew, Editor-in-Chief of Woman's Day magazine with fall home decor tips and trends!
Candace Rose: With fall around the corner, what are some great ways we can update our homes without going over budget?
Elizabeth Mayhew: "Well, as you said fall is coming up, we're all heading indoors. The easiest most transformative thing you can do is paint your walls, really it's a lot of fun to do. The hardest part is picking the color and that's why I love the new HGTV Home Collection by Sherwin Williams. They've really taken the guesswork out by putting together these great color palettes.
HGTV Home Collection Paint by Sherwin Williams
HGTV Home Collection by Sherwin Williams color palettes
There are eight of them and basically just pick the one you're most comfortable with. Whether you like neutrals or you're a traditionalist, there's a color palette for you. You just pick that color and then within it you'll see an array of colors. The point is the specialist put these together because they all work well together, it means you can paint room to room without making a mistake and everything will look good. The other thing you can do is you can take these palettes with you – go shopping; when you're buying your sofa, your fabrics, your window treatments. Stick to that color palette and you will not go wrong. To find a retailer closest to you go to Sherwin.com and you can find everything. Go into the stores, they will help you with brushes, rollers, everything you need."
Sherwin Williams Expressive Plum SW 6271
CR: What would you say are the biggest colors; the hottest trends for fall?
EM: "The hottest trend really is gray. You can see it on the wall behind me (shown above) it's called "special gray." The reason gray is such a hot trend is because it really is a neutral. It looks good with everything. Think of like the clothing you would wear- what doesn't work with charcoal gray or gray flannel pants? Everything! And that's why it's such a great neutral because it gives the warmth and gives it depth without being overwhelming.
CR: How about in home accessories?
Em: Home accessories – listen you can never go wrong by putting some throw pillows, changing out a lampshade. Accessories are a great way to go to freshen your rooms and also right now there's so much on the market that's very affordable, so you know whether you're going to Target, Pottery Barn; it's all there for you.
CR: How can we update the look and feel of our homes in terms of flooring?
EM: "Flooring is really important. If you think about it, it's the second biggest surface next to your wall surface, so you really want to invest in it and make sure it looks good. Now flooring can get worn which is why area rugs are so great. They're great to cover either worn out hardwood floors or stained wall to wall floors, but the thing is sometimes you just need to replace it. I love the new HGTV collection for Shaw Floors, they have divided it into four sections. You can get area rugs, wall to wall carpet and you can see- here are both laminates and hardwood floors (shown below). They have both of them, they really have stayed on trend. They know what's hot. If you're going to make the investment to input or replace your floors, you need something that's not only going to be durable but also stand the test of time in terms of its look. Right now what we're seeing are all really natural tones- natural pine, natural walnut. We're not seeing like orange and red stains that we saw from decades past. The other thing is there's this return to authenticity. The hand scraping for example that gives the floor an antique feel, that's very in right now and then once you put your flooring down of course you can always add area rugs. Area rugs are great because they not only add pattern and help you visually move through a space but they can also really help to align a space, so you can have wall to wall carpet and then still use an area rug on top of it to really set off your seating area. So again you can go to Shawfloors.com/HGTV to find the retailer closest to you. The collections are really well done and they are there to help you. Go in get samples, take them home and see what you like."
"Area rugs are great because they not only add pattern and help you move through a space…."
CR: Well, thank you so much. Do you have any additional information or tips you'd like to share?
EM: "Well, to find more information for everything I talked about you can go to those websites- Sherwin.com, Shawfloors.com/HGTV or News2Know.com."


text:
Chicago P.D. "A War Zone" airs on NBC Thursday October 26 at 10pm.
Intelligence is tasked with tracking down the dealers of fentanyl – a drug that has been linked to multiple overdoses around the city. As they investigate possible sources, the team uncovers a series of dealers in a college smuggling ring. Meanwhile, Tay (guest star Li Jun Li) and Burgess (Marina Squerciati) come across a bloodied child who exposes a dark and twisted secret about his home life with his parents. Additionally, Mouse (guest star Samuel Hunt) causes tension as he looks to reenlist in the army, and Platt (Amy Morton) tells Tay (guest star Li Jun Li) that she has been reassigned to her original post.
At the center of Chicago P.D. is Det. Sgt. Hank Voight (Jason Beghe), who is at ground zero against the war on crime in Chicago. He will do anything to bring criminals to justice.
From multiple Emmy Award-winning executive producer Dick Wolf and the team behind the hit series "Chicago Fire," 'Chicago P.D." is a riveting police drama about the men and women of the Chicago Police Department's elite Intelligence Unit, combatting the city's most heinous offenses — organized crime, drug trafficking, high-profile murders and beyond.
Hand-picked as the head of the unit is Voight, who has assembled a team of diverse detectives who share his passion and commitment to keep the city safe. They include Det. Antonio Dawson (Jon Seda), who is more level-headed and "by the book" than his counterpart; Det. Jay Halstead (Jesse Lee Soffer), a brash young cop who previously saw active military duty in Afghanistan; Halstead's partner Erin Lindsay (Sophia Bush), a former "bad girl" who turned her life around with Voight's help; Det. Alvin Olinsky (Elias Koteas), an experienced undercover detective and confidante for Voight; Adam Ruzek (Patrick John Flueger), a quick-witted cadet plucked from the police academy as Olinsky's partner; and Kevin Atwater (LaRoyce Hawkins), a charismatic patrolman who recently was brought upstairs.
Kim Burgess (Marina Squerciati) and her new partner, Julie Tay (Li Jun Li), assist with the unit but on a daily basis work the streets as uniform patrol officers often cooperating with intelligence whenever necessary. Desk Sgt. Trudy Platt (Amy Morton) runs a tight precinct with tough love, although she lets her softer more vulnerable side shine through from time to time.
In addition to Wolf, executive producers include Matt Olmstead ("Chicago Fire," "Breakout Kings," "Prison Break"), Peter Jankowski ("Law & Order" branded series, "Chicago Fire,"), Michael Brandt and Derek Haas ("Chicago Fire," "3:10 to Yuma"), Mark Tinker ("NYPD Blue") and Arthur Forney ("Law & Order: SVU," "Chicago Fire).


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Chinese help to embalm body of Cambodian king Norodom Sihanouk
Process to preserve Norodom Sihanouk's body similar to one used for Mao Zedong
Related topics
Cambodia has begun preparations to embalm former king Norodom Sihanouk, who will lie in state at the Royal Palace for three months ahead of a lavish funeral, a royal aide said.
Chinese experts are helping with the process, which is expected to be similar to the one used to preserve the body of Mao Zedong in the 1970s, according to Sihanouk's assistant Prince Sisowath Thomico. "Now the doctors, the scientists are just preparing the body of the king to preserve it," Thomico said.
Hundreds of thousands of mourners packed the streets of Phnom Penh on Wednesday to witness Sihanouk's final journey home from Beijing where he died on Monday of a heart attack, aged 89.
Throughout the months that Sihanouk's body will be on view at the palace before it is cremated, groups of relatives will take turns to sit with him, ensuring that the late royal is never alone, according to his aide.
The same custom was followed in 1960 when Sihanouk's father and king, Norodom Suramarit, died.
The prime ministers of Vietnam and Laos are expected to visit the palace today to pay respects to Sihanouk, who navigated his country through turbulent decades of war, genocide and then peace. It is unclear when the doors will open to the public.
Grieving Cambodians have flocked to a park outside the royal palace since Monday to pay tribute to the popular former monarch with flowers, candles and incense sticks.
Street vendors were doing brisk business yesterday selling freshly printed photos of Sihanouk's homecoming procession and T-shirts emblazoned with his portrait.
Sihanouk, who abdicated in 2004 citing old age and ill health, is fondly remembered for leading the country to independence from France and through a rare period of political stability in the 1950s and 1960s.
But he was also a shrewd political survivor who repeatedly backed different regimes, including the murderous Khmer Rouge whose 1975-79 reign left up to two million people dead, including five of Sihanouk's 14 children.
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Mumbai, Dec. 18: Kingfisher Airlines, the commercial airline venture of the UB Group, today announced that it has signed contracts to acquire 30 new Airbus A 320 aircraft that has a market value of up to $1.8 billion (Rs 8,100 crore). It today entered into an agreement with the French aviation giant to purchase 10 A320s with an option to buy 20 more.
The airline will take on lease four new A320s from Debis Air Finance to launch its commercial services from April next year, UB Group and Kingfisher Airlines chairman Vijay Mallya said here today after the signing ceremony with Airbus chief commercial officer John Leahy.
The new airline would break even in the very first year of operation, Mallya said. The paid-up equity capital, which was Rs 30 crore at present, would be doubled by April and go up to Rs 160 crore in 2006, he said.
Asked if he would consider an IPO, Mallya said, 'We can consider an IPO after 2006 to fund further acquisition.'
He said his airline was modelled on JetBlue, a low-cost carrier of the US, which had ordered 175 A320s, and its operations would be fully supported by the manufacturers.
Mallya said the 175-seater jets, fitted with IAE-powered engines were capable of flying non-stop to Singapore, if permitted to do so.
He said the growing market had prompted him to convert the earlier decision of going in for four aircraft with 10 options to 10 firm orders and 20 options.
Airbus chief commercial officer John Leahy said the A320s have proved to be a success with low-cost carriers (LCCs) as 87 per cent of them fly the A320s.
Leahy said during the last 12 months, low cost carriers have committed themselves to acquiring 180 A320s.
Kingfisher will operate a fleet of eight A320s in 2005 and plans to add an equal number into its fleet in 2006. The airline expects to complete its acquisition programme by 2008.
Mallya said the entire financial deal was being worked out by Calyon, a France-based corporate and investment bank.
The airline president and chief operating officer Alex Wilcox, who was formerly with JetBlue, said the airline with the Kingfisher brand would take advantage of the fact that corporate houses were seeking ways to cut travelling costs.
He said a route network was being worked out and apart from the travel agents, e-ticketing and sale of tickets through telephone in metros were being considered as a mode to curtail costs. Mallya said the A320s could operate to most of the Northeast destinations, Srinagar and Port Blair to meet the route dispersal guidelines set by the director general of civil aviation.


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I'm the market for a fast, lightweight XC race bike. I've decided on the Sette Razzo Carbon 29er, but I'm not sure which would be better. Just so you know, I'm 5'6, 140 pounds and ride generally smooth single track and fire roads.
The pre-built bike:Price- $4000
Sette Razzo SC XX 10 Speed 29er Carbon Bike - Gloss Black with Crimson Red | Sette | Brand | www.PricePoint.com
How I would build it:
Sette Razzo SC 29er Carbon Hardtail Frame-600
XX1 Drive Train-1288
Fork:Rock Shox SID XX 100 29er Suspension Fork - 15x100-860
Brakes: Shimano XT- 130 x2
Rotor-53 x2
BB: SRAM/Truativ Pressfit BB30-46.98
Headset: Cane Creek 40 Integrated Carbon Headset- 62.98
Stem: Thomson Elite Stem- 60
Wheelset: Easton EA90 XC 29 2012- 700
Bars: Easton EC70- 80
Tires: Schwalbe Racing Ralph 2.1s- 42 x2
Seatpost: ? ~ 100
Build price comes to around $4200
Any thoughts, input, or advice would be greatly appreciated.
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Thread: Help me decide please!
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Transatlantic Smash Trailer (2014)
"I've got beard envy..." 09 May 2014 78 mins
A comedy story of a musical duo and their quest to win a Europop contest. Peter Marshall and The Lomos struggle with beard envy, meeting girls, selling records, getting out of their hometown and mostly their wannabe manager and flatmate James.
Watch the official Transatlantic Smash 2014 trailer in HD below or find more Transatlantic Smash videos on Vidimovie.


text:
Wear your men's basketball tank top by Adidas, the NBA, the great Williams of the Nets for optimum comfort during workouts!
Fabric: 100% polyester.
Pattern v-neck.
Application of logo Adidas and NBA logo on the chest.
Front print of the word "Brooklyn 8" black.
Back print of the "Williams" black.
Color: White/Black.
Additional Info
Additional Info
|Product category
|Man Basketball Jersey
Animasportiva ships immediately! Every order is handled with the utmost urgency. As soon as we receive the order, product retrieval occurs; then, when we receive the payment, we prepare the package and shipping follows.
We deliver via express courier: the delivery times range from 48 to 72 hours for Western Europe, and from 72 to 96 hours for the rest of Europe, United States, Canada and Australia. To improve our service you should always leave a telephone number, in order to be contacted by the carrier in case of problems with the delivery.
In order to make our service increasingly efficient please check the conditions of the package upon delivery.
If the parcel is not perfectly healthy, pick it up with reserve: next to the signature in the delivery note, mark clearly "ACCEPTED UNDER RESERVE damaged parcel".
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The refund refers to the price of the product or products returned.
It is expressly understood that the expenses incurred to return the product to Animasportiva will have to be paid by the customer.


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Dimewars.com ranks
#8,572,395 in the world and generates
248 Page views for daily.
FreeWebsiteReport estimates Dimewars.com for a valuation of
$544 USD for it's visitor traffic that has the potential for CPC and Display-based advertising.
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Written on: 24/10/2013 by DawnBranch (1 review written)
Excellent place to be, great atmosphere love their drinks and sometimes also play roulette.
As rated by our community of reviewers
" Excellent staff " Read More
" World gone mad! " Read More
" Stick floor, rude staff, outdated music. Would give 0* " Read More
" TAKE LOTS OF MONEY " Read More
" Difficult to understand tutors " Read More


text:
IDEA, Part B, Section 611, Local Assistance Entitlements
Funding DescriptionLocal Assistance Entitlement funding is specifically allocated for special education and services to children with disabilities ages five through twenty–one.
|Eligible Applicants
|Local educational agencies
|Required Eligibility Criteria
|To receive funds, a local educational agency must submit a local plan (application) that contains assurances to the state educational agency that is consistent with federal and state laws and regulations.
|Other Eligibility Considerations
|Districts must account for these funds as expenditures for pupils with an individualized education plan (IEP) and for the provision of the special education and related services required by students with disabilities in order to benefit from a public education.
|Eligible Grade Level(s)
|Not applicable
|Eligible Age Level(s)
|5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, through 21
|Legal Authority
|Public Law 108–446, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Part B, Section 611; Budget Item 6110–161–0890, Schedule (1); CFDA 84027A
|Source / Type
|Federal / Grant
|State Fiscal Year
|SACS Resource / Revenue Codes
|3310 / 8181
|Total Available
|Recipient Amount
|Varies according to allocation formula.
|Match Requirement
|Allocation Formula
|The Local Assistance Entitlement grant is one of three portions of the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Section 611, Part B. Funding is based on a federal three–part formula: the 1999 special education enrollment population; 2010 K–12 enrollment (public and private); and 2010 K–12 poverty (Free and Reduced Meal Counts).
Important Dates
|Date Application Available
|Due Date
|Expected Notification Date
|January 16, 2012
Additional Information
|Local Educational Agency Grants [http://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/se/as/leagrnts.asp#13379]
|Local Educational Agency Grants [http://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/se/as/leagrnts.asp#13379]
|Initial payments will be disbursed after receipt of signed Certification of Acceptance of Grant Conditions.
|Chris Essman, 916-327-3507, email@example.com
|Beckie Robinson, 916-327-3530, firstname.lastname@example.com
|Special Education Division, 916-445-4613 (phone), 916-445-4108 (fax)
Last Modified: February 23, 2012
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Shenanigans- an abstract design of an owl with other birds - in cross stitch kit. The design has whole/full stitches only, no backstitch or half stitches. ©Sara Catena/Art Licensing Int'l.
Kit contains: Large pattern, fabric (see options below), threads pre-wound on card bobbins, needle and instructions. The design is not printed on the fabric.
See here about our kits & patterns
Image licensed by Sara Catena/Art Licensing Int'l. We hold proof of license to use this image for commercial use.


text:
Anyway, it's so timely that this challenge fell on the day of Holloween. So, before I'll do this challenge, I'll show you what I made for this day:
Yes, that's me. LOL. And oh, I forgot to mention about my new haircut I got last August. See? I finally got bangs! :)) hahahah .. It made me look creepy here. xD
Again, Happy Holloween! ^^,
Moving on, here are my eight fears:
- To lose my loved ones
- To have a failing mark in school (That's why I always strive to make my grades high)
- When my parents get really angry (Trust me, they're scary)
- Death
- Doing what I was not ready to do
- Getting embarrassed in front of so many people
- To lose everything I worked hard for
- .. and horror movies with loud sounds. LOL


text:
We can help you to find a music production tutor in Shetland Islands and across the UK. First Tutors: Music profiles Shetland Islands music production teachers and others offering popular instruments like piano, violin and guitar. Grade and diploma music production lessons are all catered for across Shetland Islands as well as music production lessons just for fun. Please use our site to search for music production teachers near you and select which music production teachers best suit your requirements.
This is the best place to discover through one search the most talented music production tutor for you in Shetland Islands, whether you need music production tuition to learn a new instrument, develop a hobby or train as a serious musician.
Our search will list music production tutors throughout Shetland Islands according to their cost and proximity to you. Offered instruments include, but are not limited to, piano, violin and guitar for graded music exams or just for fun.
If you are a Shetland Islands music production teacher wishing to offer your music production tuition services in Shetland Islands or anywhere else across the UK, please register with First Tutors: Music to commence giving music production tuition or find out more about us here.


text:
KLM flight KL6074 schedule
Flight departure days
Flight schedule & details, May 25
1. Flight KL6074: Rome - Atlanta, FCO - ATL, 11h 10m
International flight KL6074 by KLM serves route from Italy to United States (FCO to ATL). The flight departs Rome, Fiumicino Leonardo da Vinci terminal «1» on May 25 09:45 (9:45 am) and arrives Atlanta, Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta terminal «I» on May 25 14:55 (2:55 pm). Flight duration is 11h 10m. This flight is operated by Delta, flight number DL63.
The flight is operated by Delta, flight DL63
09:45 / 9:45 am
14:55 / 2:55 pm
May 25, Friday
May 25, Friday
Terminal 1
Terminal I
Fiumicino Leonardo da Vinci (FCO)
Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta (ATL)
Rome, Italy
Atlanta, United States
Flight duration: 11h 10m
Boeing 767-400
Alternative and return flights
See also
Check flight ticket price and book the flight Rome - Atlanta
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text:
SAO PAOLO, June 9, 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- Companhia Brasileira de Distribuição (the "Company") [B3: PCAR4; NYSE: CBD] informs that its Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2016 was filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on May 10, 2017 and can be directly accessed at the Company's Investor Relations website (www.gpari.com.br) and the SEC's website (www.sec.gov).
Additionally, any investor or shareholder who wishes to receive a hard copy of the report, free of charge, may contact us by e-mail at email@example.com.
Daniela Sabbag
Investor Relations Officer
Av. Brigadeiro Luiz Antonio, 3142
São Paulo, SP - CEP 01402-901
Ph. +55 (11) 3886 0940
To view the original version on PR Newswire, visit:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/companhia-brasileira-de-distribuicao---notice-to-the-market-300471929.html
SOURCE Companhia Brasileira de Distribuição


text:
Efficiency Study of Low Dose of IL-2 to Prevent Relapse in Standard Risk Leukemia After Transplantation
This study has been terminated.
(Because the conditional power was 0.083, the Data and Safety Monitoring Board recommended halting the study due to futility after the 1st interim analysis.)
Peking University People's Hospital
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First Posted: January 25, 2012
Last Update Posted: October 24, 2016
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Xiaojun Huang, Peking University People's Hospital
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
No Study Results Posted on ClinicalTrials.gov for this Study
|Study Status:
|This study has been terminated.
|Study Completion Date:
|August 2015
|Primary Completion Date:
|August 2015 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)


text:
Testing the Consistency of Nested Logit Models with Utility Maximization
This paper provides simple necessary conditions for testing the local consistency of nested logit models with stochastic utility maximization. A graphical analysis illustrates the extent to which these conditions extend the range of admissible dissimilarity coefficients beyond the unit interval.
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3. Perform a search for a similarly titled item that would be available.
|Date of creation:
|01 Jan 1996
|Publication status:
|Published in Economics Letters 1996, vol. 50, pp. 33-39
|Contact details of provider:
| Postal: Iowa State University, Dept. of Economics, 260 Heady Hall, Ames, IA 50011-1070
Phone: +1 515.294.6741
Fax: +1 515.294.0221
Web page: http://www.econ.iastate.edu
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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Borsch-Supan, Axel, 1990. "On the compatibility of nested logit models with utility maximization," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 43(3), pages 373-388, March.
- Hensher, David A, 1986. "Sequential and Full Information Maximum Likelihood Estimation of a Nested Logit Model," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 68(4), pages 657-667, November.
- Train, Kenneth E & Ben-Akiva, Moshe & Atherton, Terry, 1989. "Consumption Patterns and Self-selecting Tariffs," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 71(1), pages 62-73, February.
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text:
Thank You Blue!
Thank You Blue!
Our police officers have come under increasing attack in recent days. As they continue to keep us safe and protect our communities, they've become targets for violence. Now, more than ever, we must stand up and show our support for these brave officers who put their lives on the line each day for us.
We've created a very simple, but powerful, way to show your support. It's a button that you can wear that simply declares, "Thank You Blue." Wherever you go, everyone who sees you will know that you stand with the men and women of law enforcement!
Please fill out the form below (include your city, state, and zip code in the address section), and we'll follow-up with you and send out your button. Thanks for supporting our police officers!


text:
Jessy Cooper for AliceX
At nineteen year-old and modeling on webcams for only a few months for LiveJasmin and FreeWebcams, Dayana Rogers is now an official AliceX VR cam girl. With your favorite VR headset on, you will be able to discuss and interact with Dayana Rogers as if she was with you.
As a hobby, Dayana Rogers is a street dance performer who likes Rihanna, Beyonce and Eminem. When it comes to men, the romantic brunette is looking for a spontaneous guy with a good sense of humor and that will treat her with respect. Obviously, he will have to find a date place where Dayana will be able to dance!
Always in good mood, Dayana Rogers is waiting for you on her VR live cams to grant your wishes!
Click to enter Dayana Rogers VR cam show on Alice X
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text:
Freya Flashdance Underwire Triangle Bikini Swim Top AS3521
Sorry, no other customer-recommended styles found.
This product was discontinued June, 2013 and is no longer available. Please consider one of the Customer-Recommended Replacements above, or try a new search.
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text:
Electrostimulation, Skeletal Muscle Function, and Exercise Capacity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (ESTIM)
This study has been completed.
Laval University
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First Posted: April 3, 2009
Last Update Posted: October 10, 2012
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Marthe Bélanger, Laval University
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
No Study Results Posted on ClinicalTrials.gov for this Study
|Study Status:
|This study has been completed.
|Study Completion Date:
|June 2009
|Primary Completion Date:
|May 2009 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
Vivodtzev I, Debigaré R, Gagnon P, Mainguy V, Saey D, Dubé A, Paré MÈ, Bélanger M, Maltais F. Functional and muscular effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with severe COPD: a randomized clinical trial. Chest. 2012 Mar;141(3):716-725. doi: 10.1378/chest.11-0839. Epub 2011 Nov 23.