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"We use the front feet only, not the hind the front. They don't have too much hair on them." He looks at his visitors, one of whom is scribbling on a notepad. "Am I giving you too much information?"
No such thing, he's reassured.
What's summer without hot dogs, right?
In 1999, former Flyer staffer Eileen Loh-Harrist visited the Fineberg Meat Packing Co. in Raleigh.
Her mission: To find out what goes in hot dogs.
Read it here.
(Image: howstuffworks.com)

subset: commoncrawl


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Midwestern University
College of Health Sciences
Bioethics Program
19555 N.59th Avenue
Glendale, AZ 85308
United States
Program Information
Degrees Offered:
M.A., Professional Certificate
Format: Campus
Program Description:
Midwestern offers a 30 quarter-hour Certificate and a 42 quarter-hour MA degree. Students in the MA program opt for either a research or a didactic track. The program is structured to accommodate the working professional or other-degree seeking student, and offers a dynamic learning experience that fosters disciplined thinking and self-directed learning.
Accreditation:MWU is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, a Commission of the North Central Association o
Facts & Figures
Locale: Large Suburb
Size & Settings: 1,000-2,999


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MOVIE SYNOPSIS [ General Audiences ] Under the unique direction of Dennis Raetzel, this full movie with audio in German (original language) was premiered in 2014. This movie, whose libretto belongs to Dennis Raetzel, Gregor Pieplow and Lydia Böttcher, is an original production of Germany. You can watch Undune online on TV cable or theaters with original audio in German at different dates. This film premiered in theaters in 2014.
Rating: 5 by 10 users./
Runtime: 83 minutes
Hanis Müller, Elisabeth Pieplow and Gregor Pieplow.
Documental, Family.
83-minute film (full movie) directed by Dennis Raetzel.
The original audio of Undune has dialogues in or German, it was produced in Germany.
It premiered in cinemas or television in 2014.
Screenplay written by Dennis Raetzel, Gregor Pieplow and Lydia Böttcher.
Anne Braun.
Dimitris Argyriou, Gregor Pieplow and Dennis Raetzel.
Composed by Kurtis Hairston.
Without commercial breaks, the full movie Undune has a duration of 83 minutes; the official trailer can be watched in streaming on the Internet. You can watch this full movie free in English or German in movie TV channels, renting the DVD or with VoD services (Video On Demand player, Hulu) and PPV (Pay Per View, Netflix).
See the page of this full movie, Undune in FULLTV Movies.


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UNstudio designs giant observation wheel, nippon moon, as interactive experience. one is a continuous participant from the moment of making a reservation.
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Navigation is a FREE TZ Portfolio+ addon that help you more conveniently navigate to other article in the article view.
With Navigation addon, when opening an article, user can go to other ones easily with the Next and Previous Navigation.
Just after a few steps, it becomes more quickly and comfortably to see your articles.
Your site must be more complete with Navigation addon.
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Featured on Inspired By This
LeeAnne and Alex's picturesque Carmel wedding was featured today on Inspired By This, a blog published by Be Inspired PR. This boutique public relations firm in Los Angeles specializes in the wedding industry and writes about beautiful inspirations and ideas that come their way. We're flattered to be included!


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[Shipwreck Mafia] Lovers thread
This is a thread for the lovers. You may discuss the game privately in this thread at all times.
You boarded the ship as strangers - now, you can't imagine leaving it in any other way than in each other's embrace. While all the other passengers are left to deal with loneliness on their own accord, you've been rocking the boat every night and blaming it on the waves every day ever since HMS Titanic II has left the port. Before you can start planning your life together, though, it's crucial to deal with the current situation - after all, Somalia is not a very good place for a honeymoon...


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The Jersey came to the United States from the Isle of Jersey in the Channel Islands. They are fawn in color and
may have white markings. They weigh approximately 900 pounds when mature. They are the smallest of the dairy breeds
but are renowned for the quality of their milk and produce milk with the highest protein and fat content.
She is typically light brown in color, though this can range from being almost grey to dull black, which is
known as Mulberry. They can also have white patches which may cover much of the animal.
A true Jersey will however always have a black nose bordered by an almost white muzzle.
After the Holstein the Jersey is the second most popular specialist Dairy breed world-wide.
Jerseys are usually known for their good nature, although this varies on a cow-to-cow basis.
Holsteins came to the United States from Holland in 1621. They are black and white (although they can also be
red and white, though this is more uncommon), and weigh approximately 1,500 pounds when mature. They are big cows!
They produce the most milk on average of all the dairy breeds. Also, their milk has less butterfat than other dairy
This breed originates from Ayrshire in Scotland and is a very hardy breed. They have distinct red and white
markings, and most consider them the most beautiful of the dairy breeds. The Ayrshire grazes well in any pasture
condition. This can be attributed to the rugged terrain of their native Scotland. Their milk has a higher content
of butterfat than the Holstein, but less than the Jersey. The flavor of the milk is very good, usually pure
white. This dairy breed is not nearly as commonly found as the Jersey and Holstein but makes a great family
Guernseys came to the United States from the Isle of Guernsey, an island in the English Channel off the coast of
France in 1831. Their color is a shade of fawn with white markings. The Guernsey is extremely docile. Dairy farmers
all over the world confirm that her moderate temperament and disposition make the Guernsey the easiest breed to
work with. Guernsey milk is also known to be golden in color and sweet with lots of cream. The Guernsey breed is
becoming more difficult to find these days since dairies often keep the high-producing Holsteins. Some are even
calling the Guernsey a "rare" breed. Almost all Guernseys produce A2 milk.
Brown Swiss
Most dairy historians agree that Brown Swiss cattle are the oldest of all dairy breeds. The beautiful brown cows
were developed in the northeastern part of Switzerland. Bones found in the ruins of Swiss lake dwellers date back
to probably 4000 BC, and have some resemblance to the skeleton of today's Brown Swiss cow. Throughout the world
Brown Swiss cattle are noted for their dairy strength and outstanding feet and legs. Further, these cows do well in
all climates and are very good-natured. You'll know the Brown Swiss immediately by their large size, their big
fuzzy ears, and their trademark docile temperament. Their milk is pure white, sweet, and prized by
cheese-makers for its optimum fat-to-protein ratio. If you can find a Brown Swiss for sale in your area, they make
excellent family cows. They are not too often seen for sale though. A high percentage of Brown Swiss have A2
Milking Shorthorn
The Milking Shorthorn is the only dairy breed that is not considered its own separate and distinct breed.
Rather, it is a segment of the Shorthorn beef cattle breed. Of the six dairy breeds, Milking Shorthorns have the
widest range of color combinations. They can be mahogany, red and white, or roan, which is a mixture of red and
white and is exclusive to this breed. The Milking Shorthorn is an adequate milk producer, the highest of the
colored breeds, and continues to milk well even late into her lactation. Furthermore, her milk contains a high
protein to fat ratio. Milking Shorthorns are good grazers and efficient converters of feed into milk.
Home Raw Milk in Central Florida Site Map Privacy Policy Contact Disclaimer


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"Mr Perkins Clinic: felt at ease immediately"
About: The Princess Royal Hospital / Radiology The Princess Royal Hospital Radiology Telford TF1 6TF
Posted by Oak66 (as ),
Yesterday I arrived at Mr Perkins Clinic. The waiting room was packed, however it started to move. The nurse explained it should be one of Mr Perkins team I would be having. I was very apprehensive. The pleasant specialist made me feel at ease immediately. He had all my records examined including the details of my three previous operations. Following X-rays of the three operated areas he confirmed that all was well and that no immediate follow up action was necessary. The specialist followed up 2 years later.
Response from The Princess Royal Hospital 2 years ago
Thank you for your kind comments regarding your appointment at Mr Perkins clinic which will be forwarded to Mr Perkins to share with the staff Di Davis Patient Advice and Liaison Service
- {{helpful}} {{helpful == 1 ? "person thinks" : "people think"}} this response is helpful
- Was this response helpful? Yes | No
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Don't Miss
- Last of the Cocaine Cowboys Finally Arrested
- O.J. Simon: Made In America Review
- Suicide Squad & It's Hardcore PG-13 Rating
- What's Going On With The Playboy Mansion?
- Sacha Baron Cohen Jumps Into The Superhero Scene
- Woman Can't Take A Joke, Sues Ellen DeGeneres
- Warcraft Begins Its Quest To Break Chinese Box Office Records
- Descendents Announce 1st Album in 12 Years W/ New Song
- TMNT: Out of the Shadows – Let's Just Say, The Kids Will Enjoy
- Revolutionizing Licking Your Cat
All posts tagged "Bethany Joy Lenz"
Bethany Joy Lenz Gets Back To Gold
Fans of One Tree Hill already know that Bethany Joy Lenz is a phenomenal singer, even though the rest of the world doesn't. But fortunately for the masses Lenz is trying to change that with the release...
- Posted June 17, 2015


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Monthly Archives: January 2013
Fit Tip: 7 Easy Ways to Get Your Veggies
TO IMPROVE HOW YOU LOOK & FEEL, EAT YOUR DAILY SERVINGS OF VEGETABLES EVERY DAY Why Veggies? Eating a diet rich in vegetables and fruits can lowe
Read More
Fit Tip: When NOT To Workout
Monday Morning Fitness Tip: KNOW WHEN AND WHEN NOT TO WORKOUT; LISTEN TO YOUR BODY. 1. If you have a FEVER, allow your body a day of rest so that your
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Fit Tip: Eat More to Weigh Less
Monday Morning Fitness Tip: CHOOSE HEALTHIER FOODS TO EAT MORE AND FEEL SATISFIED
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Fit Tip: Perfect Your Plank
Monday Morning Fit Tip: PERFECT YOUR PLANK FOR BETTER RESULTS Good form isn't just about looks – it's necessary for activating your
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Health & Fitness
The Cool Down is Key!
We know you're busy, but running out before the cool down can dull the benefits you've worked s ...
Afraid of Free Weights?
Monday Motivation: FREE WEIGHTS ARE YOUR FRIEND! FUNCTIONAL FITNESS. Free weights allow ...
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10,000 Steps = 30 Minutes of Exercise a day, helping you reach the recommended 150 minu ...
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Fremont Auto Repair
Review for Fremont Auto Repair
Peter L. on 05/07/2014
Peter said the business told him his vehicle was going to take 2 hours. They did everything they were supposed to do to get it done under 2 hours.
Vehicle: Volvo V70
Category: Service
Service Date: 05/03/2014
Review Created: 05/07/2014
This review was collected via phone interview by Customer Research Inc.


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Back To School 4th Grade Team. 2013-2014 Natoma Station August 14, 2013. Flexible Daily Schedule. 8:25- 10:25 Language Arts 10:25- 10:40 Recess 10:45- 12:00 Math 12:05- 12:50 Lunch 12:55- 1:25 DEAR 1:25- 2:30 Social Studies/ Science/ Art Music Tuesday and Thursday PE Friday 8:30-9:00
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Natoma Station
August 14, 2013


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Project Juice to Open New San Francisco Location
San Francisco, CA November 13, 2014 – Project Juice® is excited to announce its newest location, which will open in the heart of the Mission District at 790 Valencia Street on November 15. The store will feature a new superfood smoothie bar, the first in San Francisco and one of just a few in the country, to offer cold-pressed juices and smoothies made with house-made almond mylk and raw coconut water and meat. The new location will also pilot updated branding for the company's signature locally-sourced, organic juices as well as a new line of farm-based food products.
The Space
The 720 square-foot location, with indoor seating for eight, as well as outdoor seating for eight, will feature a minimalist design that lends a clean, streamlined atmosphere to the space. The calming environment, which includes carefully chosen local plants and signage featuring new branding, is designed to encourage relaxation and well-being, allowing guests to get the most out of their time visiting Project Juice Mission. Project Juice Mission is located at 790 Valencia Street at the corner of 19th Street and will be open Monday–Friday 7am – 8 pm, and Saturday–Sunday 8am – 7pm.
Expanded Menu and New Food Offerings
Project Juice has expanded its menu to include a plant-based line of meals and snacks that are 100% vegan and gluten-free, featuring items such as Kelp Noodle Pad Thai, Southwestern Burrito, Tibetan Arugula Salad, Cashew Cream Crepe, among others. The menu builds on many of the locally-sourced cold-pressed juices that Project Juice has served in its other locations, with nearly all of the ingredients sourced from nearby farms in the Bay Area. The menu now includes approximately 20 different juices and a line of five Wellness Shots, including the E3 Energy, Tummy Tonic, Flu Shot, Turmeric Tonic, and the Liver Flush. Grab-and-go cleanses and juice packs will also be available for purchase.
A New Look and Feel
Project Juice will pilot its rebranded line of juices and other products at the Mission District location, offering customers a newly updated design that reflects Project Juice's fun and fresh personality. The new branding and design feature simple but bold graphics in a wide spectrum of bright colors—a design inspired by the simple, organic ingredients that produce Project Juice's revitalizing flavors and the approachable, trustworthy experience of the brand. In addition to the new logo, the shout-outs to "SF" and "CA" on the new logo showcase Project Juice's pride in serving the local community and dedication to sourcing local ingredients.
About Project Juice
Project Juice® is a San Francisco based company founded in 2012 with a mission to bring the benefits and convenience of organic, cold-pressed juice to the Bay Area. Crafted using locally sourced, organic ingredients, Project Juice currently offers over 20 varieties of cold-pressed juices and nut mylks available individually at their retail outlets and through 1-, 3-, and 5-day cleanses and juice packs at retail and online. Project Juice utilizes the cold-pressed method for 100% of its juices. "Cold-Pressed," a term often associated with high-quality olive oils, is a gentle extraction process that minimizes the amount of heat and oxygen that the juice is exposed to, in turn maximizing shelf life and nutritional density.
Project Juice is currently available nationwide with purchase online, at their Mission, Crocker Galleria, Polk Street, and Palo Alto locations, and through select retail partners including Artis Coffee Roasters in Berkeley, The Station SF and Pip-to-Go in the Jackson Square district of San Francisco. For more information regarding Project Juice, please visitwww.projectjuice.com and follow them on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram.


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Dangerous Dave
In case "Application Blocked by Security Settings" is shown, please follow these instructions.
Dangerous Dave is an online DOS game. Your goal is to find the thropy and then go to the exit door. Avoid the monsters, fire and water. In some levels you can use a gun and also jetpacks. Try to find the secret zones along the way. There are 10 levels for this game. a single floppy disk. Beacuse Dave was so successful servel other similar DOS games were developed. It includes VGA which was taken then as very progress. Dangerous Dave is a 1988 computer dos game by John Romero. This game was very popular and gained huge popularity. The developers of this game kept it simple. Amazing thing about this game that it fits into It was published as a free software and was taken as very cool and simple way to past time, as the graphics and sound were really good. Guide Dave through the different levels and get the goblet before going to the exit door. The best way to kill the monsters is buy shooting them with a gun. The gun can be found in the level. Another important thing you should know is that there are bonus levels, look for them as you can earn many point there. You have only 3 lifes in this game, but you can earn life if you gain enough points.
Keyboard: Use ARROWS keys to move. Use CTRL to shoot. ALT to fly.
Comments of the Game


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PradaBlack and Gold Toned Tessuto Nylon Zip Diaper "Baby Bag" Tote Bag
Get that Kardashian mommy style with this chic diaper bag by Prada. The "Baby Bag" style is constructed of black Tessuto nylon with gold toned hardware and several pockets for keeping supplies organized. Back zipper pocket with a slot below for attaching the bag to a rolling suitcase. Front zipper pocket and two open side pockets. Removable, adjustable crossbody strap. Top zipper closure. Brand jacquard lined interior features two open pockets and one zippered pocket.
Made in: Italy Color: Black and Gold Fabric Content: Nylon and Metal Condition: Pre-owned. This item is in good condition. Missing changing pad. Hairline scratches on hardware. Scuffing on bottom feet. Faint discoloration marks throughout exterior. May be improved with professional cleaning. No other visible signs of wear and tear.
Measurements & Sizing
- Total Height: 12.5"
- Total Length: 10.25"
- Depth: 7"
- Handle Length: 21.5"
- Handle Drop: 9"
- Strap Length: 36"
- Strap Drop: 19"
Returns & Shipping
Luxury Garage Sale guarantees that all items sold on our site are 100% authentic. All products we accept are inspected for brand-specific guidelines and are put through a rigorous authenticity test process.
Handbags, accessories and jewelry are final sale.
LGS is not affiliated with Prada. We guarantee this Prada item to be authentic. Prada® is a registered trademark of Prada.
Item #: 172704


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Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'Landscape Maintenance' started by BRICKGUY, Mar 11, 2008.
is it ok to mulch right over top of wash stone to save time and money
Yes, if you want to be known for cutting corners and don't care about quality.
same her. i insist on removing old mulch materials. part of professionalism and i like 4-6" of mulch so a lot of times not enough room and i will tell someone that you already have brown under black and it will just cost more and more whenever someone decides to do it right and that someone is me.
Removing old mulch is totally unnecessary, unless you it is too think that it is choking out plants or climbing the walls of the house.
I consider 3" to be sufficient mulch layer so we apply 1" every year, 2" every other year, and 3" to a new bed.
As far as the wash stone how big of an area is it, and why was it there? Was it to allow water to drain from a gutter intot he soil????
well the home owner ask if i could do that to save the cost of removing it we usually remove the wash stone it is not there for drainage it is simply there for a decor thanks for input
Oh so all the beds are filled with stone already? Then I would recommend remving it because the mulch won't break down as well because it won't even be in contact with the soil underneath limiting the microbes decomp. I wouldn't put mulch over decorative stone! If they don't want you to remove it, then I recommend telling them you aren't interested in the job, its just a customer who will cut corners down the road!


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Vertical Roller Mill Power Saving Case
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I hypothesize that the First Principles of Physiology (FPPs) were co-opted during the vertebrate transition from water to land, beginning with the acquisition of cholesterol by eukaryotes, facilitating unicellular evolution over the course of the first 4.5 billion years of the Earth's history, in service to the reduction in intracellular entropy, far from equilibrium. That mechanism was perpetuated by the advent of cholesterol in the cell membrane of unicellular eukaryotes, ultimately giving rise to the metazoan homologs of the gut, lung, kidney, skin, bone, and brain. Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), whose cognate receptor underwent a gene duplication during the transition from fish to amphibians, facilitated gas exchange for the water-to-land transition, since PTHrP is necessary for the formation of lung alveoli: deletion of the PTHrP gene in mice causes the offspring to die within a few minutes of birth due to the absence of alveoli. Moreover, PTHrP is central to the development and homeostasis of the kidney, skin, gut, bone, and brain. Therefore, duplication of the PTHrP receptor gene is predicted to have facilitated the molecular evolution of all the necessary traits for land habitation through a common cellular and molecular motif. Subsequent duplication of the β-adrenergic receptor gene permitted blood pressure control within the lung microvasculature, allowing further evolution of the lung by increasing its surface area. I propose that such gene duplications were the result of shear stress on the microvasculature, locally generating radical oxygen species that caused DNA mutations, giving rise to duplication of the PTHrP and β-adrenergic receptor genes. I propose that one can determine the FPPs by systematically tracing the molecular homologies between the lung, skin, kidney, gut, bone, and brain across development, phylogeny, and pathophysiology as a type of "reverse evolution." By tracing such relationships back to unicellular organisms, one can use the underlying principles to predict homeostatic failure as disease, thereby also potentially forming the basis for maneuvers that can treat or even prevent such failure.
- PTHrP receptor
- β-adrenergic receptor
- gene duplication
- First Principles of Physiology
"We dance round in a ring and suppose,
But the Secret sits in the middle and knows."
The Secret Sits, Robert Frost
the premise of this review is that the First Principles of Physiology (FPPs) are knowable. We just need to be clever enough to identify, define, and validate them. My hypothesis is that such FPPs were co-opted during the transition of vertebrates from water to land, beginning with the acquisition of cholesterol by eukaryotes (62), facilitating unicellular evolution over the course of the first 4.5 billion years of the Earth's history in service to the reduction in intracellular entropy, far from equilibrium. That mechanism was initiated, supported, and perpetuated by the introduction of cholesterol into the cell membrane of unicellular eukaryotes (42, 62), ultimately giving rise to the metazoan homologs of the gut, lung, kidney, skin, bone, and brain (62). Central to this working hypothesis is that homeostatic control is "plastic," allowing for inheritance of a range of set-points, rather than just one genetically fixed state (20). It is important to note that this perspective is one-hundred-and-eighty degrees out of synch with traditional genetic determinism (50, 76), in which evolution is considered to result from random mutation and natural selection. Yet such plasticity is totally in keeping with ideas such as the Barker Hypothesis for the fetal origins of adult disease (3), the role of epigenetics (74), and what we know of the variation in growth factor determination of morphogenesis and homeostasis (24). Table 1 defines several terms for readers who are not familiar with ideas that I will mention in this article.
Tiktaalik, the fish-to-tetrapod transitional fossil discovered by Neil Shubin in 2004 (13) provides a heuristic for the vertebrate water-to-land transition. To make that transition, Tiktaalik had to have been "preadapted" for respiration (as the primary selection pressure), kidney, skin, gut, bone, and brain traits amenable to land life. When thought of in the context of fish physiology as the antecedent for such a critical transition, importantly, the swim bladder has been definitively shown to be structurally, functionally (as a gas exchanger), and genomically homologous to the tetrapod lung (80). Both organs are outpouchings of the gut and mediate the uptake and release of atmospheric oxygen and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, among the most highly expressed genes in the zebrafish swim bladder is parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) (80), whose signaling receptor underwent a gene duplication event during the transition from fish to amphibians (47). That event made atmospheric gas exchange for the water-to-land transition possible, since PTHrP is necessary for the formation of lung alveoli: if one deletes the PTHrP gene in mice, the offspring die within a few minutes of birth due to the absence of alveoli (53). PTHrP is expressed in the epithelial cells that line the swim bladder of fish and the alveoli of land vertebrates. In alveoli, PTHrP stimulates the production of surfactant, which maintains the structure and function of the alveoli by reducing surface tension; in the absence of surfactant, the alveoli will collapse, rendering them dysfunctional.
PTHrP and Lung Cell-Molecular Evolutionary Homeostasis
PTHrP is a peptide secreted by alveolar type II cells in response to stretch (54, 71). PTHrP acts locally (i.e., in a paracrine manner) via cell surface receptors to induce specialized connective tissue fibroblasts to become lipofibroblasts (54, 59–70, 75) (Fig. 1). The lipofibroblasts appear to be critical in the evolution of the lung for two reasons: first, they protect the alveolus against oxidant injury (70) by actively recruiting and storing neutral lipids from the alveolar microcirculation (59), acting as antioxidants (70); secondly, the stored neutral lipids are actively "trafficked" from the lipofibroblasts to the alveolar type II cells for surfactant synthesis (59) through the mechanically coordinated effects of PTHrP (54, 66), leptin (66, 68), and prostaglandin E2 (69), which act via their cognate receptors that reside on the apposing surfaces of neighboring epithelial type II cells and lipofibroblasts. Ultimately, PTHrP regulates alveolar epithelial calcium uptake, suggesting its evolutionary history: calcium concentration in the alveolar lining aqueous, protein-containing hypophase regulates the formation of tubular myelin, which determines its effect on surface tension (4); tubular myelin is a lipid-β-defensin complex homolog of the lipid-β-defensin barrier formed by the stratum corneum in the skin (44) to prevent fluid leak and protect against microbial infection. Since the skin is the most primitive organ of land vertebrate gas exchange, it may have provided a molecular homeostatic co-option for further evolution of the lung.
It can be calculated that such a mechanism would have taken approximately 9 × 1016 years to have occurred by chance, which is orders of magnitude longer than the estimated 5 × 109 year existence of the Earth (62). An alternative mechanism is "descent with modification" (14): phylogenetically, PTHrP is a gene involved in fish adaptation for buoyancy, which was co-opted by land vertebrates for stretch-regulated (the biologic homolog of gravity) surfactant production (62, 66).
ADRP as a Deep Homology that Interconnects Evolved Functional Homologies
"Oh, the Places You'll Go!"
Dr. Seuss
The key molecule that mediates neutral lipid trafficking (59) between the alveolar microcirculation, lipofibroblast, and epithelial type II cell is adipocyte differentiation-related protein (ADRP) (55). It is a member of the Perilipin-ADRP-TIP47, or PAT, family of intracellular lipid cargo proteins that mediate lipid uptake, storage, and secretion in a wide variety of cells, tissues, and organs, ranging from fat cells to endothelium, liver, and steroidogenic endocrine organs (39). PAT proteins are expressed in many organisms, ranging from mammals to slime molds and fungi (8). ADRP was first discovered to be involved in early adipocyte differentiation (25) and subsequently shown to be necessary for the uptake and storage of intracellular lipid droplets when overexpressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, which do not naturally express ADRP (18).
In the lung, ADRP (Fig. 1) is physiologically upregulated by the stretching of the alveolar type II cells, which produce PTHrP; PTHrP then binds to its cognate receptor on the epithelial lipofibroblasts, stimulating PPARγ (61, 75), which then upregulates ADRP. This mechanism may have evolved initially to protect the alveolar wall against hyperoxia, since the rising atmospheric oxygen tension causes the differentiation of myofibroblasts into lipofibroblasts (12). This mechanism may subsequently have been co-opted to regulate surfactant synthesis during the vertebrate water-to-land transition (60), consistent with the phylogenetic adaptation of the alveolus from the swim bladder of fish to the highly adapted lungs of mammals and birds. This phenomenon is of particular interest in the context of exploiting such functional molecular homologies when one considers the homologies between the alveolar lipofibroblast and endocrine steroidogenesis. For example, oxygen in the atmosphere has not increased linearly from zero to 21%; rather, it has gone up and down episodically, ranging between 15 and 35% over the past 500 million years (5). Bearing in mind that hypoxia is the most stressful of all physiologic agonists, it would have put huge constraints on both the evolving lung and endocrine systems. Perhaps fortuitously the vertebrate pulmonary and endocrine systems were preadapted for such an adaptation through PAT genes; thus, the well-recognized effects of the adrenocortical system on lung development and homeostasis (38) can be seen as part of a logical evolutionary sequence of external and internal selection mechanisms (60).
This is not a tautology, or a "Just So Story," since, for example, the same morphogenetic mechanisms occur during both ontogeny and phylogeny (67), and we observe the reversal of this evolutionary process in chronic lung diseases, in which there is "simplification" of the alveolar bed, resulting in a froglike structure in mammals. Experimentally, Besnard et al. (6) found that when they deleted a gene necessary for the synthesis of cholesterol, the most primitive of lung surfactants (45), specifically from mouse lung alveolar type II cells, the lung developmentally "compensated" by overexpressing the lipofibroblast population in the alveoli, suggesting that these cells have an evolutionary capacity to facilitate surfactant production, both ontogenetically and phylogenetically.
This rational cell/molecular approach to understanding how and why the lung evolved can be carried one step further, since catecholamine/β-adrenergic receptor signaling was essential for regulation of blood pressure in the lung independent of the systemic circulation, facilitating a further increase in the surface area of the evolving lung (62, 67). Our ancestors were organisms able to survive the whipsawing physiologic effects of alternating hyperoxia and hypoxia (5) by structurally and functionally adapting their pulmonary and endocrine systems (see below). Here again, the β-adrenergic receptor underwent a gene duplication during the fish-amphibian transition that allowed for a further increase in lung surface area to support metabolic demand (2). At this phase in vertebrate evolution the glucocorticoid receptor is documented to have evolved from the mineralocorticoid receptor, perhaps as a counterbalancing selection for the blood pressure-elevating effect of mineralocorticoids. The emergence of the physiologic glucocorticoid mechanism may have been further facilitated by the presence of pentacyclic triterpenoids, which are unique to the land environment, produced by rancidifying land vegetation. These compounds inhibit 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II (11βHSD2), which inactivates cortisol's blood pressure-stimulating activity, causing positive selection pressure for the tissue-specific expression of 11βHSD1,2 in a wide variety of glucocorticoid target organs, including the lung (81), thereby permitting local activation and inactivation of cortisol.
Reinforcing this hypothesis, when pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates glucocorticoid production by the adrenal cortex, the hormone passes through the intra-adrenal portal vascular system of the adrenal medulla, providing it with uniquely high local concentrations of glucocorticoids (79). These high concentrations are needed to induce the medullary enzyme phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) (79), which controls the synthesis of catecholamine, thus coordinately upregulating both of the primary adrenal stress hormones for a maximally adapted "fight or flight" response.
PTHrP and Kidney Cell-Molecular Evolutionary Homeostasis
Akin to its role as a stretch-regulated gene product that maintains alveolar homeostasis, PTHrP is also integral to renal physiology (Fig. 2). In the glomerulus, PTHrP is produced by the epithelially derived podocytes that line them (32), maintaining the function of the mesangium (57), a stretch-sensitive fibroblast structure that determines systemic fluid volume and electrolyte homeostasis. Parenthetically, this molecular homology between the lung and kidney is not surprising, since ontogenetically both structures produce amniotic fluid during development (41). It should be borne in mind that the glomerulus also makes its appearance during the phylogenetic transition from fish to amphibians (7), and subsequently to reptiles, mammals, and birds.
PTHrP and Skin Cell-Molecular Evolutionary Homeostasis
PTHrP is essential for development of skin through its paracrine interaction between melanocytes and keratinocytes (49), generating the stratum corneum as a dual water- and bacterial-barrier essential for preventing desiccation in terrestrial vertebrates (43). It is noteworthy that the alveolar type II epithelial cells and the skin epithelium of the stratum corneum exhibit a functional homology at the cell/molecular level, packaging lipids together with host defense peptides, and secreting them in the form of lamellar bodies to generate lipid-based barriers against water loss (from the inside out), and host invasion (from the outside in) in both structures.
The evolutionary significance of the homology between lung and skin as barriers is further exemplified by the pathophysiology of asthma. Patients with asthma often have the skin disease atopic dermatitis. Both these phenotypes are common to humans and dogs and have been mechanistically linked through a common molecular defect in β-defensins, which mediate innate host defense in both skin and lung (44). In dogs, β-defensins determine coat color, which serves a multitude of adaptive advantages, ranging from protective coat coloration to reproductive strategies. The β-defensin CD103 has also been shown to cause atopic dermatitis in dogs, and possibly asthma, since it is also found in dog airway epithelial cells (11, 62, 78). Therefore, hierarchically, host defense and reproduction take evolutionarily adaptive precedence over wheezing due to asthma.
The Goodpasture Syndrome and Barrier Formation and Function: Exception That Proves the Rule?
Vertebrates transitioned from water to land approximately 300 million years ago, causing selection pressure for type IV collagen (34), which acts to physically maintain the integrity of the walls of the alveoli. Since the extracellular matrix forms during the process of cellular differentiation, it is highly likely that modification of the basement membrane occurred early in the evolutionary adaptation to land. Molecular evolutionary studies of Goodpasture's syndrome (34) have shown that the 3α isoform of type IV collagen evolved during the phylogenetic transition from fish to amphibians due to selection pressure for specific amino acid substitutions that rendered the molecule more hydrophobic and negatively charged. Goodpasture's syndrome is an autoimmune disease caused by catastrophic failure of both the kidney and lung epithelial barriers, caused by pathogenic circulating autoantibodies targeted to a set of discontinuous epitope sequences within the noncollagenous domain 1 (NC1) of the α3 chain of type IV collagen [α3(IV)NC1], referred to as the "Goodpasture autoantigen." Basement membrane extracted NC1 domain preparations from Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and Danio rerio do not bind Goodpasture autoantibodies, while frog, chicken, mouse, and human α3(IV)NC1 domains bind autoantibodies. The α3(IV) chain is not present in worms (C. elegans) or flies (D. melanogaster), and is first detected in fish (D. rerio). Interestingly, native D. rerio α3(IV)NC1 does not bind Goodpasture autoantibodies. In contrast to the recombinant human α3(IV)NC1 domain, there is complete absence of autoantibody binding to recombinant D. rerio α3(IV)NC1. Three-dimensional molecular modeling of the human NC1 domain suggests that evolutionary alteration of electrostatic charge and polarity due to the emergence of critical serine, aspartic acid, and lysine amino acid residues, accompanied by the loss of asparagine and glutamine, contributes to the emergence of the two major Goodpasture epitopes on the human α3(IV)NC1 domain, as it evolved from fish over the ensuing 450 million years. The evolved α3(IV)NC1 domain forms a natural physicochemical barrier against the exudation of serum and proteins from the circulation into alveoli and glomeruli, due to its hydrophobic and electrostatic properties, respectively, which likely provided the molecular selection pressure for the evolution of this protein, given the rising oncotic and physical pressures on the evolving barriers of both the lung and kidney during the water-to-land transition. Taken together, the lung, kidney, and skin evolved critical physiologic barriers against desiccation in land-dwelling animals.
Internal and External Selection, PTHrP, and the Water-to-Land Transition
Another way to think about this co-option of cell/molecular mechanisms of evolution is as serial interactions between internal and external selection pressures. Such external environmental constraints to the transition from water-to-land as air breathing, gravitational orthostatic forces, and desiccation were all hypothetically adapted to through a common internal cell/molecular pathway for development and homeostasis—PTHrP and its cognate G protein-coupled receptor (61, 80). This model is also predictive, since PTHrP is a potent vasodilator (36), and an angiogenic factor (promotes capillary formation) (46), potentially explaining why glomeruli, as microvascular derivatives of the renal artery, may have evolved in the transition from fish to amphibians (7).
The significance of PTHrP in the vertebrate transition from water to land may be as follows: Such organisms must have spontaneously overexpressed their PTHrP signaling, initially for lung evolution from the swim bladder, particularly in physostomous fish like zebrafish, which possess a trachea-like pneumatic duct that connects the esophagus and swim bladder for gas filling and emptying. At the cell/molecular level, the smooth muscle that forms both the pneumatic duct and trachea are determined by FGF10 expression (31). The PTHrP-mediated mechanisms in the kidney and skin must have followed suit, since they would have protected against desiccation in the terrestrial adaptation. Calcification of bone in response to increased gravitational force on land would have further facilitated adaptation to land living (10); Wolff's Law states that bone will adapt to the load under which it is placed (17). PTHrP is a gravity-sensitive hormone (62, 65, 71) that is integral to bone development and homeostasis (27), determining bone calcium uptake and incorporation into cartilaginous structures, and facilitates the adaptation of terrestrial organisms to environmental gravitational forces (62, 65, 66, 71).
This scenario of a reiterative process for the acquisition of traits that facilitated water-to-land transition is consistent with data showing that vertebrates attempted the water-to-land transition several times (76). Based on parsimony, one can propose that these processes were all realized as a result of the PTHrP receptor gene duplication event, beginning with the lung, by necessity (52), and that organisms that could upregulate their PTHrP/PTHrP receptor signaling through ligand-receptor-mediated paracrine mechanisms evolved as the forebears of contemporary land vertebrates. In contrast, individuals who were unable to accomplish this feat became extinct. This perspective is supported by our demonstration of the correlation between the cell/molecular genetic motifs common to ontogeny and phylogeny of the lung and major environmental epochs (Fig. 3). Note the apparently seamless alternation between internal and external selection mechanisms in association with major ecologic stresses; we postulate that there are no gaps between these genetic adaptations because the data are derived from contemporary land vertebrates; conversely, those members of the species who failed to adapt died off, and thus are not represented in this analysis.
In 2006, Neil Shubin (56) announced the discovery of Tiktaalik, the fossilized remains of the organism that transitioned from water to land. But in the era of quantum mechanics, we have come to expect more than just a descriptive biologic "Big Bang." The ability to live on land was very physiologically demanding, but according to the Romer Hypothesis (52), it was necessitated by the increase in carbon dioxide in the primordial atmosphere, causing the Earth's lakes, ponds and rivers to dry up, forcing our vertebrate ancestors to seek refuge on land or face extinction.
So from a physiologic perspective, how might a fish have evolved into a tetrapod? The biggest constraint was the ability to breathe air. It has long been thought, though controversial, that the swim bladders of fish evolved into the lungs of land vertebrates, since both are gas exchangers that are derived from the gut tube. The notion that evolution co-opted an organ for buoyancy into one that mediated oxygenation for metabolism is attractive, though there are certain anatomic constraints (48). That controversy has been put to rest by a recent study showing that at the molecular level, the swim bladder expresses all the homologous genes of the lung (80), including PTHrP, which, as discussed above, is a gravity-sensing gene that is necessary for the formation of alveoli in mammals (53). Thus, there is a functional genomic link between the water-to-land transition and PTHrP signaling, which underwent a gene duplication (47) sometime during the fish-amphibian transition, thereby helping to provide an explanation for the evolution of the lung from the swim bladder.
As also discussed above, equally important is that the organs necessary for barrier function against desiccation are also PTHrP dependent, both developmentally (16) and physiologically (37). The skin (22), kidney (9), and gut (19) all express both PTHrP and its receptor, and the signaling between the mesoderm and epithelium of these organs is mediated by the PTHrP/PTHrP receptor (9, 19, 22), which determines the structural and functional development of these organs to form homeostatically regulated physiologic barriers against water loss. Moreover, PTHrP is necessary for the calcification of cartilage (33), so it would have facilitated the evolution of the boney tetrapod limbs of Tiktaalik to accommodate the increased gravitational force on its skeleton on land, exhibiting the plasticity of the lung, skin, and bone. As an added note in support of this interrelationship, when the PTHrP gene is deleted in mice, they exhibit morphogenetic defects exclusively in lung, skin, and bone (26).
The angiogenic properties of PTHrP are another feature relevant to its utility in the water-to-land transition and organ adaptation. PTHrP promotes vascularization of bone (23) and skin (15), particularly when the vascular endothelium is cyclically distended, as in conditions of increased physiologic stress such as those involved in the water-to-land transition. PTHrP receptors exist in the lymphatic microcirculation as well (40). Additionally, PTHrP is a vasodilator, ultimately epistatically relieving tension on the remodeled microvasculature, while simultaneously providing increased perfusion for remodeling of the adjacent parenchyma in further adaptation to internal physiologic stress. Such a mechanism would be consistent with the progressive expansion of the surface area of the lung, and may help explain the evolution of the glomerulus, which is absent from kidneys of some fish species (7) but is omnipresent in amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds.
Perhaps it was not merely fortuitous that there was a PTHrP receptor gene duplication "just in time" for Tiktaalik's water-to-land migration. More likely, there were cumulative, episodic increases in shear stress on the microvessels of the organs that facilitated that transition–swim bladder, lung, adrenals, skin, kidney, skeleton—causing the generation of radical oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides that affected those vascular beds. ROS cause DNA damage (58), giving rise to mutations such as cross-overs and gene duplications. ROS are also embryonic signal transducers (21) that may act to promote structural and functional remodeling through morphogenetic events. The endothelium is known to be highly heterogeneous, each endothelial cell acting like an adaptive nonlinear input/output device (1). The input comes from the extracellular environment, consisting of biomechanical and biochemical forces. The output is the heterogeneity of the endothelial cell population, reflected by cell shape, calcium flux, protein expression, mRNA expression, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, vasomotor tone, hemostatic balance, release of inflammatory mediators, and leukocyte adhesion/transmigration (1).
Such dual mechanisms of development and mutation for evolutionary change would have provided robust pressures for both internal and external selection, depending on the nature and magnitude of the agent, suggesting a mechanistic way of thinking about "evolvability." More importantly, organisms such as Tiktaalik exhibited the plasticity necessary for the remodeling of vital organs for adaptation to terrestrial life. Tiktaalik's ancestors were thus preadapted for the "great leap forward" during vertebrate evolution, but because metazoans evolved from unicellular organisms (29), Tiktaalik was preadapted for such a critical "sea change" in vertebrate evolution.
Cellular Growth Factors as the Universal Language of Biology
The approach to a fundamental a priori understanding of vertebrate physiology, not as a top-down descriptive process, but as a series of co-optations originating from the cell membrane of unicellular organisms, will lead to understanding of the FPPs based on its evolutionary origins. The actualization of such FPPs would have numerous ramifications, including a predictive model for physiology and medicine (60, 64), as well as a functional merging biology, chemistry, and physics into a common algorithm for the natural sciences. Such a perspective would allow us to deemphasize the human signature from our anthropocentric view of our physical environment, on the scale of the recentering of the solar system on the Sun, which obscures our perception of our universe, and that of other universes.
What Predictions Derive From a Cellular Approach to Evolution
Starting with the premise that ontogeny is the only biological process we know of that formally generates new structures and functions, we should exploit this process to understand evolution, since it does so throughout the phylogenetic history of an organism. By focusing on cell-cell interactions, particularly ones mediated by soluble growth factors and their cognate receptors, one can deconvolute the evolution of the lung, functionally tracking it back to the swim bladder of physostomous fish (62, 63). Since the adaptation of fish to land was contingent on efficient atmospheric gas exchange, the lung can be seen as the cellular/molecular blueprint for the evolution of other physiologic adaptations to land life (62, 64). By systematically tracing the molecular homologies between the lung, adrenals, skin, kidney, gut, bone, and brain across developmental, phylogenetic, and pathophysiologic space and time, the FPPs can be determined (62, 63, 72). Once such relationships are traced back to unicellular organisms, the underlying principles can be used to replay the evolutionary tape, and predict and prevent homeostatic failure as disease (61–64). Perhaps the reduction of biology to ones and zeros can offer the opportunity to merge biology, chemistry, and physics into one common user-friendly algorithm as a "periodic table of nature" (72).
No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the author.
J.S.T. conception and design of research; prepared figures; drafted manuscript; edited and revised manuscript; approved final version of manuscript.
- Copyright © 2013 the American Physiological Society
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- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
Description of the accommodation:
Rooms, services Should you be looking for a hotel in Greece, we suggest you take a look at the offers of Balcony Hotel Tsilivi. The hotel is offering 26 tasfefully furnished, nice rooms for those looking for a place to stay at in Tsilivi. The local café or the bar will provide an ideal location for personal meetings and nice evening chats. In the safe your valuables can be the safely secured. The exact scope of services offered by Balcony Hotel Tsilivi (including those for an extra fee) is available on the information sheet below.
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Scotland. The name Dinkins is derived from the Gaelic personal name "Donnchad," which means "brown warrior". The personal name Donnchad is composed of two elements; "donn," which means "brown" and "cath," which means "warrior".
Dinkins Early Origins
Northumberland, where they held great estates but were a branch of the distinguished Scottish Clan of Duncan who were originally of Iona in the Hebrides, but changed their name and continued to use the basic Coat of Arms of the Duncan Clan.
Dinkins Spelling Variations
Dinkins Spelling Variations
Translation in medieval times was an undeveloped science and was often carried out without due care. For this reason, many early Scottish names appeared radically altered when written in English. The spelling variations of Dinkins include Donkin, Downkin, Donking, Donken, Downken and others.
Dinkins Early History
Dinkins Early History
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Dinkins research. Another 123 words (9 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Dinkins History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Dinkins Early Notables (pre 1700)
Dinkins Early Notables (pre 1700)
More information is included under the topic Early Dinkins Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
The Great Migration
The Great Migration
The hardy Scots who made the crossing settled all along the east coast of North America and in the great west that was just then opening up. At the time of the American War of Independence, many United Empire Loyalists moved north from the American colonies to Canada. Scottish national heritage became better known in North America in the 20th century through highland games and other patriotic events. An examination of immigration records and passenger ship lists revealed that people bearing the name Dinkins arrived in North America very early: Patrick Donkin arrived in Pennsylvania in 1820.
Contemporary Notables of the name Dinkins (post 1700)
Contemporary Notables of the name Dinkins (post 1700)
The motto was originally a war cry or slogan. Mottoes first began to be shown with arms in the 14th and 15th centuries, but were not in general use until the 17th century. Thus the oldest coats of arms generally do not include a motto. Mottoes seldom form part of the grant of arms: Under most heraldic authorities, a motto is an optional component of the coat of arms, and can be added to or changed at will; many families have chosen not to display a motto.
Motto: Disce pati
Motto Translation: Learn to suffer.
Dinkins Family Crest Products
Dinkins Family Crest Products
See Also
See Also
Other References
The Dinkins Family Crest was acquired from the Houseofnames.com archives. The Dinkins Family Crest was drawn according to heraldic standards based on published blazons. We generally include the oldest published family crest once associated with each surname.
This page was last modified on 3 March 2017 at 16:46.
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Subject Verb Agreement
A verb is used in accordance with the number and person of the subject.
- Singular subject singular verb.
- Mr. Kalikumar Tarkalankar was the new Geography teacher.
- Mary does not like herself.
- The credit goes to these champion players.
- Are we connected to nature in real sense?
- The houses are not environment friendly.
But if the nouns suggest one idea or person, singular form of the verb(is, was,does, has) is used.
- He and his wife are very arrogant.
- Tom and Mary don't like each other.
- Time and tide waits for none.('Time and tide' suggests one idea.)
- Mango and orange are juicy fruits.
- The people are gathered together.
- The cattle were grazing.
- The teacher as well as the students is reading.
- The students as well as the teacher are reading.
- The boy with his parents has arrived.
- The parents with the boy have arrived.
- Either my sister or I am to do this work.
- Neither he nor they are ready to go.
- Not only the teacher but also the students are laughing.
- Not only the students but also the principal was present.


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I am so concerned for SO's oldest
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December 10th, 2013, 03:50 PM
Mega Super Mommy
Join Date: Dec 2011
Posts: 1,202
The kids I worked with before I got hurt were kids with social and emotional disabilities.
I would say the cold turkey cut off of the meds is what caused a lot of his anger issues.
We had a kid, the kid who hurt me actually. When he would get into a manic episode, he would attack us, and himself. He would slam his head on the floor. He would bit himself. He would grab his head and try to break his own neck. Once he came out of these episodes, he would literally have to ask us what he did. He would point to a bruise on his arm and say, "What happened?" And we'd have to tell him that he tried to hurt himself. He never understood what he was doing as he was doing it.
I can't say for sure, but it could be that he didn't know what he was doing or saying, just acting in the moment.
Kind of like when you get really pissed and throw your phone at the wall, and then wonder why you did it.
Jennifer - Married to Eric 3.10.13 - Full Time Stepmom to OwenPregnant with our first together <3 Due July 12, 2015
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I don't know if I'm creepier than the average loser but I am at least on par with her. This one time, I found a kid from my class on facebook, looked through all his tagged photos, somehow came across his (unlisted) blog and read it from start to finish (to my credit it wasn't very long; he seemed something of a quitter). I figured out his favorite band and, after determining precisely the right moment, weeks later, referred to them casually in conversation. I wasn't actually talking to him (NEVER), but to some girl who I used in my ploy to win this boy's heart. After naming the band a little too loudly, the boy's ears perked up and we exchanged a few glorious snippets of dialogue. A few days later, he told me I had 'rockstar hair.' I almost pissed myself.
|i imagine this is what our interaction looked like to outsiders
I can't help it. The internet lends itself to full on sketch-fests. All that information just waiting to be internalized.. memorized.. rehearsed.. brought out at just the right moment.. around just the right eligible bachelor:
been dying to see that new movie? I had NO IDEA you were at the midnight screening, too!!
got a favorite song? What's that about my ringtone? You like this song too? No way!
you posted your class schedule online? Why, yes, I did just transfer into your Film I class even though I'm majoring in political science!
you don't have a facebook? That's okay, I'll find you.
Don't tell me you don't do it, too, because you're lying (...or have a life). It's not like I hide in the bushes outside some guy's house, sit with binoculars and look through the windows. He'll never see me if I do that; I sit in a cafe across from his building at the same time every day. Just kidding, I don't really do that (yet), but maybe I go to the same events he 'attends' (thanks Facebook). How do I know the host of this housewarming party that's actually 50 miles out of the way from my apartment? and I don't drive?? Um... friend of a friend.. where's the vodka?
I probably sound worse than I actually am; it's not like I'm creating shrines or hurting anyone.
|I admire Helga's dedication
Anyway, I have pages in my old diaries where I practiced my future surname (his). I volunteered to stay after school and help clean up the classroom whenever he had detention, on the off chance I'd sneak a glance at him (always), or that he would speak to me (never). I also really liked sponging down the blackboard. My favorite method of attack, though, was snapping photos of my fellow classmates just so I had an excuse to own photos of Jose (always lurking somewhere in the background since I could never work up the nerve to take one of just him). Things didn't work out between us.
Once myspace and, later, facebook were popularized, I had no need for my little picture trick anymore. But after so many years and even more photos, that creepy habit diverged into a true passion for photography, which I've actually kept up. It's like when inmates learn a new language in prison - a good thing can sometimes blossom from illegal activity.


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Noble learning off senior pair
Mark Noble is happy to be the junior partner in West Ham United's new-look midfield.
Last Updated: 10/03/11 7:20pm
Mark Noble is happy to be the junior partner in West Ham United's new-look midfield.
Captain Scott Parker, 30, has been in sparkling form all season in the Hammers' engine room, earning a recall to the England squad.
Noble has been alongside Parker for most of the campaign, but Avram Grant's men have been given a major boost by Thomas Hitzlsperger's return to full fitness.
After signing from Lazio last summer the Germany international had to wait until February to make his West Ham debut due to a serious thigh injury.
The 28-year-old has slotted in seamlessly and helped the Hammers to their best run of the season, reaching the FA Cup quarter-finals while winning their last two Premier League games to revive their survival hopes.
Hitzlsperger's presence also seems to have brought the best out of Noble and Parker, and Noble is relishing playing alongside the experienced international duo.
"Obviously, I am still young - they are old!" he said.
"I'm learning things from them every day and I still want to learn and improve. Playing in the midfield at the moment is an absolute pleasure.
"The idea is to keep it as tight as we can. Play the ball when we can, pass it among ourselves and I think it is probably nice to watch at times."
The Hammers visit Stoke on Sunday hoping to book a place in the FA Cup semi-finals.


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Stop the War understands that the government has contacted the BBC to complain about its decision to refuse the broadcasting of a humanitarian appeal for Gaza.Now if this is true, this backs up what I was saying earlier about Israel's Sharpeville. As it happens, the Electronic Intifada said the same thing about the assault on Gaza. And now a government whose leader, Gordon Brown, is an honorary patron of the zionist organisation, the Jewish National Fund has complained to the BBC for helping Israel starve the Palestinians.
Hariri sought asylum in Jordan, according to the Times
30 minutes ago


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How Can I Fix QPVrfR.dll Error
QPVrfR.dll Description:
Dll Name: QPVrfR.dll
Description: ADs LDAP Provider C DLL
Version: 5.1.2600.2180
OS: Windows NT/2000/XP/Vista
Company: Microsoft Corporation
MD5: b81839ab1021a0cfb3e5874af234b1ed
Common QPVrfR.dll Error:
- Runtime Error! Program [path]QPVrfR.dll. An application has made an attempt to load the C runtime library incorrectly. Please contact the application's support team for more information.
- Cannot find [PATH]QPVrfR.dll
- Cannot start [APPLICATION]. A required component is missing: QPVrfR.dll. Please install [APPLICATION] again.
- The file QPVrfR.dll is missing.
- Windows could not start because QPVrfR.dll file is missing or corrupt.
- [path]QPVrfR.dll is either not designed to run on Windows or it contains an error. Try installing the program again using the original installation media.
- QPVrfR.dll Not Found
- This application failed to start because QPVrfR.dll was not found. Re-installing the application may fix this problem.
- The module QPVrfR.dll was loaded but the entry-point DllRegisterServer was not found. Make sure that QPVrfR.dll is a valid DLL or OCX file and then try again.
Why need to protect Your PC from getting QPVrfR.dll errors?Generally speaking, Dynamic-link library (also written unhyphenated), or DLL, is Microsoft's implementation of the shared library concept in the Microsoft Windows and OS/2 operating systems. These libraries usually have the file extension DLL, OCX (for libraries containing ActiveX controls), or DRV (for legacy system drivers). The file formats for DLLs are the same as for Windows EXE files – that is, Portable Executable (PE) for 32-bit and 64-bit Windows, and New Executable (NE) for 16-bit Windows. As with EXEs, DLLs can contain code, data, and resources, in any combination.(quote from wikipedia.org) When people receive missing QPVrfR.dll error, your PC may start running sluggishly and abnormally and even worse, you might be unable to work with many of the application installed on Windows. Therefore, it's important to fix QPVrfR.dll not found error in time.
Automatic QPVrfR.dll not Found Error Removal Tutorial:
Step 1 In first step you need to install the application and Scan your whole computer.
Step 2 Click System Fix, you can view the following pictures.
Step 3 Click Dll Download and type the missing QPVrfR.dll in the searching box.
Step 4 Click Download and Register QPVrfR.dll Files with SmartPCFixer.
Step 5 Reboot Your PC, Error Removed!
I am receiving a Fatal Error (KERNEL32.dll) when I try to launch Skype. I wonder if it is possible to fix this dll missing error completely and SmartPCFixer makes it possible. With easy steps, this error is resolved successfully!
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Read More:,Reports.JobHourlyReport.cs.dll,RpRegistry.dll,Rlx35Swe.dll,RC3BD140.DLL,r3rwizes.dll


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The Mello-Roos Community Facilities Act of 1982 permits CSCDA to establish a Mello-Roos Community Facilities District (a "CFD") which allows for financing of public improvements and services. The services and improvements that Mello-Roos CFDs can finance include streets, sewer systems and other basic infrastructure, police protection, fire protection, ambulance services, schools, parks, libraries, museums and other cultural facilities.
Click Here to download a copy of CSCDA's Goals and Policies for CFD financing
For more information, please contact us.
© 2017 CSCDA. All Rights Reserved.


text: Channen Gallery Page ContentNamed after the Simcoe County Museum's first Curator, this gallery focuses on the earliest inhabitants of the County. One of the highlights in this gallery is a replica of a Wendat (Huron) longhouse, designed for visitors to explore. Interior of long house with furs and fire pit Long house


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Portrait of Emil Viklický: Jazz War Trailer (2001)
26 October 2001 21 mins
The director Vít Klusák is shooting a film about his father, the well-known composer Emil Viklický, but the latter wants nothing to do with it. This creates a portrait without portraiture, since the director places a double in the role of his father, whom he finds through an advertisement published in newspapers. What is interesting is that Klusák does not know his real father personally, but only meets him (or fails to meet him) for the second time in his life while filming...
Watch the official Portrait of Emil Viklický: Jazz War 2001 trailer in HD below or find more Portrait of Emil Viklický: Jazz War videos on Vidimovie.


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OPEN SECTIONALS WOD 11.1 – New Deadline
Deadline Extension Week 1
You now have an extra week to register and nail the Week 1 workout. All the rules are the same, but we are now allowing you until Sunday, March 27 at 17:00 PDT, a full extra week, to perform your workout and submit your results. As always, you are welcome to repeat the workout any time before the deadline if you think you can do better. The Week 2 workout will be announced on Tuesday, March 29 at 17:00 PDT, with the submission deadline Sunday, April 3 at 17:00 PDT (again, this is Week 2).
There are over 20,000 athletes registered to compete in the CrossFit Games Open. That is a historic number, both for the CrossFit community, and for online athletic competition in general. We want to be 100% sure that everyone gets to compete with fair terms. There have been too many problems with registering, the leaderboard, team creation, and account management. Our IT and support teams are working around the clock to respond to your questions and fix these bugs. They have made significant progress, but not enough.
This new deadline will give everyone enough time to make sure that they are registered to the site, assigned to the right team, and correctly submitting their performances. We hope that you take advantage of this time to participate fully in the Open.
(courtesy of CrossFit Games Site)
7 Responses to "OPEN SECTIONALS WOD 11.1 – New Deadline"
Is it bad that I hate this WOD so much that I'm actually thinking about trying it again? What's wrong with me???
well now that we don't have a WOD being released this Tuesday, we might as well keep trying I guess.
I'll do it again with you guys 🙂
well if you crazy kids are going to do it I will do it again as well!!!
The Nomad
I hated it the first time! DUs can kiss it!
Andrea / aka Genie
i am not even at you all's level, but I want another crack at it too. But I don't think its fair that they said that you can keep trying if you think you can do better b4 the deadline time. On the Legit side, a real competitor would just suck it up and post the first score, even though it sucked! That's why I went on Friday night just to work on those nasty double unders! you guys are awesome And Teach, if only you knew how many people saw my video and are in "aw" with your speed and strength! I will have my lap top for you tomorrow Grace, unless you call me tonight and I can meet you somewhere.
03/21 – 28:04 – 12 kg; RRs. It hurt.


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Fund managers now face increasingly complicated task of securing financial data, investor information, intellectual property, and trade secrets from getting compromised or breached. Restricting the use of USB ports on desktops and laptops for business purposes is indeed a step forward, yet it is only a baby step. With new Data Loss Prevention ("DLP") tools promising the technological sophistication, there are still many risk controls that need to be carved in stone in order to comply with regulatory and investor demands. This guide is intended to help fund managers prioritize their efforts for data-centric diligence by gaining practical understanding of the DLP concept and emerging DLP technologies... Read more »
Posts Tagged: cyber security
Tech Update: Cybersecurity, Ransomeware and Disaster Recovery Aug11
Having the proper disaster recovery systems in place help firms remain resilient in the wake of technology disruptions such as a security breaches, natural disasters or other system outages. At risk is not only the firm's reputation and productivity, but also incalculable amounts of money that could be lost if a firm is not able to access their market data. In this video, cybersecurity leaders from ACE IT Solutions and Datto explain how to achieve real business continuity... Read more »
Five Best Practices To Manage Hedge Fund Cybersecurity Risks Oct1
A number of cybersecurity issues are of particular concern for investment managers, including protection of investor information, intellectual property, trade execution, fraudulent activity, cybersecurity compliance, and loss of reputation... Read more »
I Have Your Password Jun2
As much as we like to imagine hackers as psychics, evil geniuses, or Ethan Hunt breaking into Langley, most actual hacking is far different. In reality, perhaps the best analogy of the three is as a psychic. Not a supernatural psychic, but more like a mall psychic: using a combination of basic logic.
Read more... Read more »
The Daily Intelligence Briefing: Ukraine Sep29
This report is provided free each week by McAlinden Research Partners to members of Hedge Connection. Below is a snapshot. Click here for the full and extensive report (login required). Not a member yet? Join Now. MRP McAlinden Research Partners | DIBS SITE MAIL faq Data Mkts Econ Pol Money Real Svcs Mfg Tech Energy Labor Hlth... Read more »


text:
5½ months without any job (and I am not counting December 2008)
6 on-site interviews for full-time positions
0 full-time job offers
2 contract jobs held
1 contract job fled, even though they promised a full-time position
1000's of dollars in help from parents
47 years old and still needing money from parents — a bitter pill
1 pet died
1 neighbor died unexpectedly, leaving her widower an empty shell
1 best friend committed suicide
102 postings by me here on blog one another
763 comments here (half are my replies) — thank you!
6 comments by me on our church's forums
2 postings I initiated on our church's forums
0 arguments with our church leadership
I invite you to create your own "My 2009 by the Numbers" and post a link below. (Use HTML if you know how.)
If you do not have a place to post your retrospective, go ahead and write it directly into a comment.


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Padico Large Soft Molds
3) Use another piece of clay to press firmly into the clay object in the mold.
5) For cupcakes, wait for the base to firm up after a day or two before adding on a raised area on top of the base and texturing it with a toothbrush.
Labels: large soft molds, Padico moulds


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Hot New Variety
Every year, a handful of plant companies send me and the other BHG garden editors samples of their new varieties for the next year. That gives us a chance to try them out and tell you what we really think of the plants instead of trusting a press release.
Last year we received a sample of a new sweet alyssum variety called Snow Princess sweet alyssum from Proven Winners. And I have to say this plant totally impressed me with its performance. I grew in window boxes on my second-story balcony with Easy Wave Burgundy Star petunia, thinking the alyssum would look good in spring while the petunia was growing in, then the petunia would put on the show when the alyssum fizzed out in the heat.
But that's not what happened. Instead, the alyssum continued to look good once the summer heat kicked in. And in fact, it held its own against the petunia all summer and fall. I never would have believed I'd see an alyssum that put on as big of a show as a Wave petunia!
Snow Princess sports the largest flowers I've ever seen on a sweet alyssum, and the most fragrant, too. It looks pretty amazing in a hanging basket all on its own. It's definitely a hot new variety for 2010.
2 Responses to " Hot New Variety "
January 28, 2010 at 2:51 pm , by Malinda Brown
Justin, I want some of that new allysum! I just think a "white " garden is a great theme.
February 4, 2010 at 9:20 pm , by Carol Horst
I have discontinue using allysum; as have problems with flea beetles everytime I try using them.


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Serve-et-Maine sur Lie, "Symbiose", Michel Delhommeau, Monnieres, Loire-Atlantique
100% Melon de Bourgogne. Organic viticulture using minimum intervention and no fertilizer, only organic manure. The vinification uses natural indigenous yeasts, temperature is controlled using a heat pump and no malolactics – simply left on lees until bottling. Bottling occurs just once per vintage in September, after 10 months, using their own equipment at the domaine. The taste is fresh and capricious with a breezy zing of acidity and enticing aroma. Perfect for shellfish and lighter goat cheeses.
Add To Cart


text:
Also, ABC. the alphabet.
the basic skills of spelling, reading, and writing:
learning the ABC's in the early grades of school.
Also, ABC. the basic or elementary facts, principles, etc., of a subject:
the ABC's of electricity.
(defs 1, 3).
Trademark. American Broadcasting Companies: a television and radio network.
atomic, biological, and chemical:
ABC warfare.
(pl in US) the rudiments of a subject
an alphabetical guide to a subject
(often pl in US) the alphabet
(formerly, of weapons or warfare) atomic, biological, and chemical
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
American Broadcasting Company
Audit Bureau of Circulation
(Austral) Australian-born Chinese: a person with Chinese parents, born and raised in Australia
(US) American-born Chinese: a person with Chinese parents, born and raised in the US
(Brit) acceptable behaviour contract: a voluntary written agreement between someone who has been involved in anti-social behaviour and a local agency such as a housing association, council, or police
"the alphabet," late 13c., abece. Sense "rudiments or fundamentals (of a subject)" is from late 14c. From 1944 (in a "Billboard" headline) as a shortening of American Broadcasting Company. Related: ABCs.
the alphabet
the basics
American Broadcasting Company
American-born Chinese
Tagged: a
Read Also:
- Abcc
abcc American Board of Clinical Chemistry
- Abcl/1
abcl/1 language An Object-Based Concurrent Language. The language for the ABCL MIMD system, written by Akinori Yonezawa of Department of Information Science, Tokyo University in 1986. ABCL/1 uses asynchronous message passing to objects. It requires Common Lisp. Implementations in KCL and Symbolics Lisp are available from the author. (ftp://camille.is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/). E-mail: . ["ABCL: An Object-Oriented Concurrent […]
- Abcl/r
abcl/r language A reflective subset of ABCL/1, written in ABCL/1 by Yonezawa of Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1988. (ftp://camille.is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/pub/abclr). ["Reflection in an Object-Oriented Concurrent Language", T. Watanabe et al, SIGPLAN Notices 23(11):306-315 (Nov 1988)]. (1994-11-08)
- Abcl/r2
abcl/r2 language An object-oriented, concurrent, reflective language based on Hybrid Group Architecture. ABCL/R2 was produced by , firstname.lastname@example.com, , email@example.com, at the Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1992. As a reflective language, an ABCL/R2 program can dynamically control its own behaviour, such as scheduling policy, from within a user-program. This system has almost all functions […]


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3D Tag add-in makes you to be able to tag in 3d View... For more detail please click here...
Developed especially for Revit MEP. Ducts are split to a user given length independent from their section styles... For more detail please click here...
Developed especially for Revit MEP. For sanitary systems, user can describe unlimited number of tables without sticking to the predefined tables in Revit... For more details please click here...
Developed espceially for Revit Architecture to be able to add bunbers to stairs in plan view... For more details please click here...
Acrobat Reader
Acrobat Standard
Acrobat Pro
Design Standard Suite
Design Premium Suite
Web Premium Suite
Production Premium Suite
Master Collection Suite
SketchUp Pro
MAPublisher LabelPro
Geographic Imager
AVG Anti-Virus
AVG Internet Security
AVG Anti-Virus Business Edition
AVG Internet Security
Business Edition
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AVG Linux Server Business Edition
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AVG PC TuneUp
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Duct Splitter
Pipe Sizing
Stair Numbering
Hakediş ve Yaklaşık Maliyet Fire Pipe Sizing FPS
Twinmotion 2.3.2
MS Windows 7
MS Office 2010 Home and Business
MS Office 2010 Standard
MS Office 2011 for Mac
MS Project 2010


text:
Show off your holiday spirit with this 4-Pair Licensed Holiday Knee-High Socks set. Wear these colorful socks with slacks and jeans for added warmth, or pair them with a skirt for a fun and funky look. Fits women's sock size 9-11. Polyester, acrylic and spandex. Machine care. Imported.
- Cute Christmas novelty socks!
- 4-Pair set includes:
- Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
- White Grinch
- Striped Grinch
- Chilly Willy
- Details:
- Fits women's sock size 9-11
- Polyester, acrylic and spandex
- Machine care
Quick View
$2.50 4-Pair Licensed Holiday Knee-High Socks


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In this uniquely brilliant and insightful book, acclaimed essayist and psychoanalyst Adam Phillips meditates on the notion of escape in our society and in ourselves.
No one can escape the desire and need to escape. By analyzing four examples of escape artists—a young girl who hides from others by closing her eyes; a grown man incapable of a relationship; Emily Dickinson, recluse extraordinaire; and Harry Houdini, the quintessential master of escape—Phillips enables readers to identify the escape artists lurking within themselves. Lucid, erudite, and audacious, Houdini's Box is another scintillating and seminal work by one of the world's most dazzlingly original thinkers.
Tentative explorations into what it means to escape, from noted British psychoanalyst Phillips (The Beast in the Nursery, 1998, etc.). Using aspects of Houdini's life as a kind of refrain, and layering the escape-artist's chapters with episodes from his own psychoanalytic practice, Phillips makes glancing forays into the complex world of flight. Contradictory, too, but that's not much of an excuse when Phillips himself appears hopelessly muddled by his research. "People often feel most alive when escaping," the author observes, although it "is often linked to a sense of failure." He often strikes a passive, reactive note ("what we want is born of what we want to get away from"), and even his active voice is more than slightly obscure ("what one is escaping from is inextricable from, if not defined by, what one is escaping to"). Although Phillips provides some provocative ideas on guilt and avoidance ("the imaginative activity involved in flight can blind us to any knowledge of quite what it is we are escaping from") and on Houdini's role as a respected outlaw (his popularizing "of the iconography of what we now call sadomasochism" and his "tapping into a market for torture"), his theses are compromised by notions that simply don't hold. "Things are not frightening because they are real, they are real because they are frightening" is a case in point. So is his assertion that "the pornographer works to avert the death of desire" and his bizarre declaration that "in this simple eventdangling, chained upside down, over 150 feet upthe traditional erotic story joined forces with the new economic story: you can make it if you work, if you've got something unique to sell."What's traditional about being chained and hanging upside down while suspended 150 feet in the air? No blinding insights here, but rather a scaffolding of Freudian interpretation that feels highly provisional when not downright rickety.


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Inside the eye is a lens that focuses light on the back of the eye, or retina. Vision occurs at the retina. The structure of the eye is similar to a camera, which has a lens to focus light on the film. A cloudy or opaque lens is called a cataract.
Cervical stenosis is also known as cervical vertebral instability, cervical spondylopathy or Wobbler syndrome. It is caused by compression of the spinal cord, usually at the base of the neck.
Yes, chocolate is toxic to dogs. While rarely fatal, chocolate ingestion often results in significant illness. Chocolate is toxic because it contains the alkaloid theobromine. Theobromine is similar to caffeine and is used medicinally as a diuretic, heart stimulant, blood vessel dilator, and a smooth muscle relaxant.
Medical emergencies occur suddenly and without warning. It is important for all pet owners to have a basic understanding of common veterinary medical emergencies and basic first aid for their pet.
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a term that refers to the heart's inability to pump adequate blood to the body. There are many causes of CHF in dogs. The two most common causes are mitral valve insufficiency (MVI), or a leaky mitral valve, the valve between the left atrium and the let ventricle and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).
The cornea is the transparent, shiny membrane that makes up the front of the eyeball. Think of it as a clear windowpane. To understand a corneal ulcer, you must first know how the cornea is constructed.
When there is not enough oxygen being carried to the body by the red blood cells, the skin and mucous membranes can turn a bluish color. This is known as cyanosis.
This handout provides detailed information on insulin administration. For more information about diabetes mellitus, see the fact sheets "Diabetes Mellitus - General Information", and "Diabetes Mellitus - Principles of Treatment".
Diabetic ketoacidosis is a medical emergency that occurs when there is not enough insulin in the body to control blood sugar (glucose) levels. If left untreated, diabetic ketoacidosis is fatal.
Even though e-cigarettes may be safer for humans than using traditional tobacco products, they are certainly not safe for pets. The nicotine associated with e-cigarettes, even without the tobacco, poses a serious health threat for dogs and cats.


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Josh Elliott has the ability to join racing royalty
Princess Anne is a Valentino Rossi fan. Who knew? Josh Elliott, it turns out, is a mine of information, a must have at your dinner table.
Indeed that's where he unearthed his gold nugget of a conversation starter, seated alongside the Princess Royal on her visit to support a Mary Peters Trust fund-raiser in November.
The chatty 21-year-old Fermanagh racer mixes easily in any company, but for all his confidence and continuing success on the track, he never in his wildest dreams expected to be talking bikes to royalty.
He recounted the story as he collected the Belfast Telegraph award for the Best Rider on UK and Ireland circuits at last night's Cornmarket Bike Awards in Belfast - just reward for his British championship success last season in the 1000cc Superstock class.
And there's even an Ulster connection to the Princess Royal's interest in a different kind of horsepower to that which brought her success on the British Olympic equestrian team.
As Josh also discovered on his surprise dinner date, the Princess helped set up the Riders For Health charity, the international social enterprise headed up by Andrea Coleman who was married to the late Tom Herron, the Lisburn rider tragically killed at the 1979 North West 200.
Josh was invited to the City Hall gala ball as a recipient of Mary Peters Trust funding, but never expected to be seated at the top table, alongside the chief guest, let alone that the name of MotoGP legend Rossi would come up.
He almost choked on his soup course as he explained: "I was very nervous as I was sat next to her all night, but she really knew her bikes. She's a big Valentino Rossi fan and is well up to date on the biking scene as she helped set up the Riders For Health charity.
"It was a great night and a real privilege to be seated where I was and get the chance to speak to Princess Anne. Motorcycling h)as opened a lot of doors for me already, and hopefully 2016 can open a few more.
"I will be riding for Hector and Philip Neill in the Tyco BMW team - starting with the defence of my British title."
That Superstock success earned him last night's accolade but its only part of the unfolding Elliott story... Josh is a lad you want to be on a long train journey with as the anecdotes keep coming.
From Ballinamallard, like many of our current crop of top riders, he hails from racing stock, following in the tyre tracks of his dad Julian, in his day a front-runner on the local scene along with Alan Irwin and Johnny Rea Senior back in late '80s.
His grandad is a cousin of Fermanagh South Tyrone MP and former Ulster Unionist Party leader Tom Elliott and after the awards dinner last night Josh was preparing to head back to Spain for pre-season testing, currently house-sharing with World Supersport competitor and pal Gino Rea, who just happens to be dating Elliott's sister, Julianne, a former Miss Northern Ireland finalist who accompanied him to the ceremony last night!
This kid is an interviewer's dream as well as a very accomplished young racer.
His rivals for the Telegraph award included such notables as British Superbike star Michael Laverty, his main rival last season Alastair Seeley, rising star Glenn Irwin and a raft of other top Irish names.
"I'm delighted to get this award as it recognises all the hard work put in last year," he acknowledged. "Not just by me, but my team and especially my dad, who deserves as much recognition as I do for this award."
Elliott, like main award winner Jonathan Rea, has come up through the Red Bull Rookies programme and also had a spell in the German IDM series and European Superstock 600cc classes under the watchful eye of our former Grand Prix ace Jeremy McWilliams, who tipped the quietly spoken Fermanagh lad for greatness when he was just 14.
As so often is the case in motorcycle racing, the younger Elliott replaces veteran 15-time North West 200 winner Alastair Seeley in the Tyco BMW squad for this year.
Last year was a season-long battle between the old master and young apprentice in the British Superstock 1000 class, but after a schoolboy error at Brands Hatch mid-season, Elliott kicked on to take the championship by a comfortable margin of 52 points over Seeley.
Looking back, he said: "I learned a lot from Alastair in the early rounds last year, and while he maybe had a little bit of bad luck early on, I knew after my mistake at Brands in July that I could go on and win the championship. I really felt I had the measure of him.
"The Tyco BMW is a very fast and stable bike and was very hard to pass, so I'm delighted to be riding for them this season, where the goal is to defend my title then move into the British Superbike class - hopefully with Tyco BMW - in 2017."
It's fair to say he deserved a shot in the British Superbike class this season as the Stock 1000 champion, which will see Seeley make a return to the premier class for the first time since 2012 with the RAF Reserves' BMW team.
There were options for Elliott to possibly join one of the lower rung teams, but he wasn't prepared to just make up the numbers.
"It's okay if you are jumping into British Superbike as a rookie with a top team like Glenn Irwin has done," he said of the Carrick rider, who has joined Paul Bird's factory BeWiser Ducati squad alongside four-time champion Shane Byrne.
"It's too tough a championship to step into with inferior machinery, and if I'm not winning my goal is to be competitive.
"Another year in Stock 1000 will not hurt, especially in a team like Tyco BMW, which gives me a direct link with a factory-backed Superbike team."
Valentino Rossi may have Royal approval for now, but watch Josh Elliott as he accelerates up the New Year honours list.
Belfast Telegraph