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Channel Sponsor - Coding/Billing/Collections
Sponsored by National Medical Billing Services | firstname.lastname@example.com | (636) 273-6711
5 Big Changes in Coverage Policies Devastating Spine Surgery
"The industry has realized that the cost of spine surgery is too high to continue down the old path," says Barbara Cataletto, MBA, CPC, CEO of Business Dynamics. "The industry is manipulating CPT and coding regulations and reducing reimbursement in several different ways."
Here, Ms. Cataletto discusses how these coding and reimbursement changes are impacting spine surgeons and practices around the country, and what spine surgeons can do to fight back.
1. CPT has bundled several codes that were separately billable. These new CPT regulations are now bundling codes with high level of service reimbursement under one code such as the interbody and lateral fusion codes as well as the removal of old instrumentation and insertion of new instrumentation in revision surgeries. CPT has bundled the reimbursement for these procedures and the bundling is not realized until the practice receives the payments.
"Many of these changes were unannounced, such as the bundled instrumentation with revision surgeries, which has really hit surgeons hard considering it takes time for the removal of instrumentation in the revision procedure; the surgeon won't be paid separate if it is performed with the insertion of the new construct," says Ms. Cataletto. "That is frustrating and unfair for surgeons doing this type of work, and most practices weren't aware of this important change until they received a denial."
Surgeons are also seeing insurance companies bundle codes that were previously billed separately, such as the use of bone marrow aspirates with other procedures. Insurance companies have begun denying entire claims where bone marrow aspirates were billed separately; this action has been devastating for spine practices, many of whom were unaware of the change.
"I would like to see the industry have more disclosure," says Ms. Cataletto. "I don't see the current trend improving until there is true transparency and the industry at large has a chance to counter specific changes to CPT or reimbursement prior to its enactment. There are no increases in RVUs for these new coverage updates, so surgeons are doing more work and taking on more risk for less reimbursement."
2. Denial for previously covered treatment. Surgeons and spine practices have begun to receive coverage denials for procedures and practices that were previously covered by insurance companies. One big example has been biomaterials, such as the new bio grafting materials which are now classified as non-covered services, even though they have been recognized and covered in the past.
"It's not the entire procedure, it's just the biomaterials that were being denied in most cases," says Ms. Cataletto. "They were covered in applications for several years, but now they are considered experimental, therefore, not covered. This doesn't make sense because bone marrow aspirates had minimal physician reimbursements — $100 or so — now if you include it in your surgical case, insurance companies won't approve reimbursement for the entire case. This is unusual and I haven't seen anything like this in the past."
While insurance companies may have a history of denying single part coverage for an entire procedure that was previously covered, denying an entire case when a non-covered procedure is involved is unprecedented. This trend has been especially disconcerting for surgeons and patients since insurance companies are denying treatment and procedures that are cleared by the FDA.
"This is a newer problem over the past few months," says Ms. Cataletto. "The transparency in the decision making isn't there so no one knows where this is coming from. Surgeons can't respond and patients don't know this is happening, and they play no part in the process of any debate with regard to insurance coverage. Patients who want the best treatments that are FDA approved aren't allowed to participate because carriers don't believe the patient's input is warranted."
Local and national medical societies are taking on some of the coverage challenges and denials spine surgeons are seeing on a more universal level. Surgeons who are interested in making an impact on coverage decisions and policies in the future can become involved with these societies and their advocacy efforts.
"The local societies have an obligation to listen to what is happening in their area, but only if the surgeons openly discuss the common issues" says Ms. Cataletto. "Attend a local meeting and make the issues personal, so it will stir up the local community of physicians. Many of the national societies have open lines with the industry, surgeons, implant companies and patient advocates for the appropriate approvals process."
3. Preauthorization is a more rigorous process than in the past. The preauthorization process has become much more rigorous over the past few years, taking surgeons away from their patients to debate clinical guidelines and treatment decisions. This has become especially prominent in spinal fusion cases, where sometimes even providing the essential information about failed conservative treatment leads to a peer-to-peer review.
"In the past, surgeons could have their office staff discuss coverage issues with the insurance companies; now they are asking questions only the surgeons are able to answer and extending the reviews beyond staff," says Ms. Cataletto. "The surgeon has little choice but to comply and by doing so, it encumbers their ability to work with patients."
The additional time on the phone with insurance company costs surgeons both in their patient relationships — less time spent with patients in order to take these phone calls—as well as financially, since they aren't reimbursed for time spent on the phone.
"You have to go through three or four levels of appeals and sometimes even then only part of the case is approved or a full denial is rendered," says Ms. Cataletto. "If the coverage isn't approved, patients may be forced to pay for the surgery themselves or figure out the next available treatment option. The patients and physicians are left in a dilemma of a situation as to the next steps should the carrier disagree with the treatment. Even if the patient has coverage, it doesn't mean the carrier will cover the surgical care and this has a significant impact on everyone."
When advocating for additional coverage, surgeons must frame their position so it focuses on providing the care patients deserve and not merely on reimbursement levels.
"We have to change our focus from the reimbursement position to a patient care and coverage position for society at large to take us seriously about our motivations," says Ms. Cataletto. "If we put patients first, everything else will follow. If patients are involved with advocating for their coverage, there is a team approach to tackling these issues. Both patient and surgeon involvement in responding to denials is critical. At the end of the day, it's all about the patient."
Providers can go to the state insurance board to discuss the impact these changes are having on their practice. "Extend complaints to the state insurance boards," says Ms. Cataletto. "That's another key avenue that they can explore in order to have their voices heard as to how these decisions are impacting patient care."
4. Appeals processes are taken to the highest level more often. Surgeons seeking to appeal an initial denial of coverage decision are jumping through more hoops than ever before. They have become steadfast in their efforts to tackle several levels of appeals, and some practices have hired additional staff members just to manage appeals with insurance companies.
"The appeals process is much more difficult than it was in the past," says Ms. Cataletto. "To win, you need to go to the highest level of the appeals process and that's extremely costly. Most practices don't have what they need in manpower to even reach that level. Even if they have a large collections staff, they might not have staff members who are qualified at the highest levels."
Regulations on fighting denials have also changed to make the appeals process tighter. This is forcing some spine surgeons to sell their small or independent practices to a hospital, while others choose to merge or join larger physician groups.
"It seems like the whole spine industry is in a whirlwind as to who is going to win: Is it the surgeon or the insurance company, and in the middle is the patient," says Ms. Cataletto. "We really have a lot of cards stacked against us and at the end, in order to get reimbursed, the practice must ultimately be responsible to fight and pursue these appeals within a very specific timeframe or they lose the appeals option."
However, it is important that extra time and effort be taken now to prevent insurance companies from continuing this practice to include an even wider range of procedures and claims in the future. "The position taken by surgeons in the past had been that someone else would take care of it; this notion is no longer a tangible option" says Ms. Cataletto. "They have to be involved in the appeals process and provide a presence in their local societies; otherwise, any costly coverage is in danger of going down the same path in the future."
5. Post-surgical denials could mean Medicare doesn't cover medically indicated procedures. In the new policy recently released by Medicare, auditors are finding incomplete documentation indicating spine surgery can be denied reimbursement post-surgically, even if the procedure was medically indicated. Surgeons and providers must have all the documentation of failed non-operative treatment on file.
"If your documentation from the hospital does not include the physician notes of conservative care through surgery, you will not be paid for the hospital stay or physician work," says Ms. Cataletto. "They are doing a post-surgical audit and denying coverage. Post-surgical denials for coverage are based on whatever conservative treatment patients had in the past."
Post surgical denials of services weren't common in the past, but now surgeons are seeing them more often. "They are doing the audits now and they have six levels of appeals before deciding to pay," says Ms. Cataletto. "Most of the post-surgical denials are reversed if the documentation is made available. There is more medical necessity denials now than in the past and it takes time to deal with them."
It is in the best interest of both doctor and patient to have all required documentation well supported and complete at the time of filing for each and every case.
More Articles on Spine Surgery:
7 Spine Surgeons on Biggest Opportunities for Growth in Spinal Surgery
15 Spine Surgeon Leaders at Large Public Hospitals
7 Steps to Enhance Spine Practice Revenue
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New DP partners are old hat to Wilson
New DP partners are old hat to Wilson
PEORIA, Ariz. -- When you have worked with as many double-play partners as Mariners shortstop Jack Wilson has over the years, dealing with a new group of second basemen is no big deal. "It's easy," he said. "I turned double plays with 29 different second basemen in Pittsburgh, so I am used to working with new guys." Since being acquired from the Pirates midway through last season, the number of Wilson's double-play partners with Seattle is still in single digits. But it's climbing.
So far this spring, Wilson has worked side-by-side with Chone Figgins, Jose Lopez, Jack Hannahan, Josh Wilson, Matt Tuiasosopo and Dustin Ackley. Special emphasis is being placed on the Wilson-Figgins tandem. A decision on the infield alignment going into the regular season has not been made, but by putting Figgins at second base and moving Lopez to third, the amount of ground being covered up the middle is huge. Wilson has a reputation for flagging down would-be hits going to his right or left, and Figgins has the quickness to reach balls hit directly up the middle or into the gap between first and second. The Mariners are hoping Lopez accepts the position switch with a clear mind and open arms, allowing the team to open the season with the best defensive alignment possible. "Both of them have great quickness," said infield coach Mike Brumley of Wilson and Figgins. "They can turn an inning around and change a game with a big play." During his nine-plus seasons with the Pirates, Wilson said he and Freddy Sanchez were the premier DP combo around and envisions the same thing happening in Seattle.
Jim Street is a reporter for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.

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Rechargeable AA Batteries and Charger for SB700
Started Feb 26, 2013 | Discussions thread
hirejn • Regular Member • Posts: 355
Re: Rechargeable AA Batteries and Charger for SB700
In reply to sthlm • Apr 10, 2013
Maha Powerex. They make the batteries and charger. You can buy directly from them. Make sure you get a charger that works with your outlets. I used Powerex 2700mAh batteries intensely for two years before they required replacement. Four batteries cost $14.50 on Amazon; $14.50 for two years worth of batteries is a good deal. I shot a lot of sports and indoor activities. The higher power means the flash recycles quicker and you can get more flashes out of a set of batteries. It's worth it if you use flash more than a couple times a year.
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Jamez Chang
Jamez Chang's work has appeared or is forthcoming in Underground Voices, Bartleby Snopes, FRiGG, Prime Number, Melusine, Poydras Review, and Counterexample Poetics. After graduating from Bard College, Jamez went on to become the first Korean-American to release a hip-hop album, Z-Bonics (1998), in the United States. He currently works in the video game industry in NYC. Visit: www.jamezchang.com
Jamez's work in Referential:
- Moxy – fiction
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Register as a volunteer
To stay in Ireland for longer than 90 days as a volunteer (eg in a charity or non-profit), you must apply in person at a registration office.
If successful, you'll be given permission to stay (subject to conditions) and registered with immigration.
Your exact preparations depend on your personal circumstances. Some of the most important are described below. Read this information carefully to make sure you have everything you need.
You plan to be a volunteer in Ireland. Change your answers
Before you travel to Ireland
Check immigration conditions
There are some special conditions for being a volunteer in Ireland. For example, you are allowed to be paid a small amount for your work.
However, the type of work you do, the number of hours you work and your relationship/contract with your employer must not meet standards that would require an Employment Permit.
Check if you need a visa
If you need a visa, apply for a Long Stay (D) Visa.
If you come to Ireland using a Short Stay (C) Visa, you will not be allowed to register. You will have to leave the country and reapply.
Bringing your family or children to Ireland
In general, you cannot bring your family with you to Ireland as a volunteer. However, your family members can apply to come to Ireland independently if they wish.
If your family joins you, anyone aged 16 or older must also register.
When you arrive in Ireland
Check your registration date
If you are allowed into Ireland, an immigration officer at border control will stamp your passport and then add a date to the stamp.
You must visit a registration office in person before this date to:
- Apply for permission to stay here, ie to study
- Register your details with immigration
If you don't get permission/register in time, you may have to leave the country.
Find a registration office
If you live in Dublin City or county
You must go to Burgh Quay Registration Office in Dublin City centre.
Before you visit, you must book an appointment online. For best choice, book your appointment 10 weeks in advance.
Do not go to Burgh Quay without an appointment, as you will not be allowed to register.
If you live outside Dublin City or county
You must go to the registration office nearest to where you live. Registration offices are located at Garda Síochána (police) stations around the country.
See a list of regional registration offices
You may need an appointment to visit a regional registration office. Contact your local office before you visit to check opening days & times.
When you register
Documents you will need
You must bring the following when you go to register:
- Your passport
- Proof that you have private medical insurance
- Proof that you have access to enough money to support yourself
- An original letter of sponsorship (see notes below)
If these are missing, you cannot be given continued permission to stay in Ireland and your registration won't be renewed.
Read a longer description of requirements for registration
Click to view notes about documents
Letter of sponsorship
Your letter from the sponsoring organisation must:
- be on headed paper
- indicate the duration of your volunteer role (start date and end date) with the sponsoring organisation
- confirm that your volunteer role is a genuine position and is available for you to take up
- confirm that the sponsoring organisation will fully support you for accommodation, finance and general upkeep
- confirm that your volunteer role is the sole purpose of your stay in Ireland
In addition, the letter must include an explanation of the nature and function of the sponsoring organisation.
This could include references to its Articles of Association or its registered charity number.
Cost & payment options
You must pay a fee of €300 per person to register. You can pay by:
- Bank giro: A giro is a pre-printed form and can be collected from any registration office.
- Credit card or debit card: These can be used at Burgh Quay Registration Office and some others.
Contact your local office to confirm payment options before you arrive.
Visit the registration office
At the registration office an immigration officer will examine your documents and decide if you should be given permission.
They will also record your personal details for registration (eg fingerprints & photo) and collect the €300 fee.
Most visits take about 1 hour, including some waiting periods.
Read more about what happens when you visit a registration office.
If your visit is successful
Before you leave the registration office, the immigration officer will:
- Put a stamp in your passport to grant you permission to stay
- Give you a Certificate of Registration to show you have been registered
The type of stamp indicates the conditions of your permission, including the:
- Activities you can - and cannot do - in Ireland
- Time period you are allowed to stay
The Certificate of Registration (also called a 'GNIB card') indicates that:
- Your permission to stay here has been registered
- It also includes the name of the stamp in your passport
Certificates of Registration are called 'GNIB cards' because they are often issued by the Garda National Immigration Bureau (GNIB).
There are several types of stamp with different names, eg Stamp 0, Stamp 1. Each one indicates a type of permission.
In most cases you will be given Stamp 3 for permission to be a volunteer.
However, you could get a different stamp based on the judgement of the immigration officer. Read a longer description about stamps and permission.
After you register
Update or modify your details
You should inform us if your personal details or circumstances change, for example:
- The reasons for your registration change, eg your volunteer position ends
- You change your home/postal address
- Other details change, eg you change your name
You should also contact us if there is a problem with your documents (eg we misspelled your name) or if you lose or damage your Certificate of Registration (GNIB card).
Renew your registration
Permission expiry & renewal
Permission to be a volunteer is usually valid for 12 months.
If you wish to stay in Ireland longer, you must renew your permission & registration before they expire.
If you do not renew in time, future applications could be affected by gaps in your record. In some circumstances, you may have to leave the country.
If you have questions, contact us.
Updated: 2 November 2016
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Name: Tok Lim Hoe
Title: Director
Company: Chemone Pte Ltd
Office Address: Block 1002, Jalan Bukit Merah, #04-05, Singapore 159456
Tel: +65 62706869
- MSc (Chemistry) Nanyang University.
- Post Graduate Diploma in Marketing – Marketing Insitute of Singapore.
Work Experience:
- Refinery Technologist, Shell Eastern Petroleum
- Technical Manager, Fuel Additives, Paramins, Exxon Chemicals
- Technical Manager, Lube Additives, Paramins, Exxon Chemicals
- Business Manager, Oronite, Chevron
- Technical Director, Innospec Inc
- Managing Director, Chemone Pte Ltd.
- Chartered Chemist, Royal Society of Chemistry
- Fellow, Marketing Insitute of Singapore
- President, Executive Council, Marketing Institute of Singapore


text: The Beautiful Bundesliga from Dawn till Dusk 2016/17 - Timelapse(Video) Pubblicata il: 12/09/2016 Fonte: INFOAZIONARIATOPOPOLARECALCIO.BLOGSPOT.IT Continua a leggere #beautiful #youtube The Beautiful Bundesliga from Dawn till Dusk 2016/17 by Bundesliga official YouTube channel. The Bundesliga doesn't just look great on the pitch, or in the stands, but outside the stadiums, in the cities and from the air. Get a view of the Bundesliga and Germany in a spectacular way. We've been out to capture the best of the Bundesliga, equipped with drones and hyperlapse... Continua a leggere


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I recently started a new blog on capitalism and you, and while I was researching it, I found this video. It is mind blowing... (Of course, it also says what I've been saying it for years - that the issue is with the system and beliefs which don't work, and the chickens have come home to roost.
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No need to comment. It's just because I think that this kind of info isn't really common knowledge and I think it's important for people to consider it for their well being in the future...
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I've been listening to them for the past 2 years and have enjoyed every album. Something about their sound is just so perfect. That's just me, what do you guys think?
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I'm doing some research on a specific songwriter/producer who has written/co-written many Top 40 hits for top performers. Out of these 5 songs, which one is your favorite? These were/are hugely successful songs....
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|Training Title
|Upcoming Certification Courses on Voice over LTE (VoLTE) and RCS January 2017
|Voice over LTE (VoLTE) and RCS Certification Course
|2 Days
|101 Collins Street, Melbourne, Australia
|Buy This Event
|Voice over LTE (VoLTE) and RCS Certification Course
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|Voice over LTE (VoLTE) and RCS Certification Course
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Course Overview
The growing trends in mobile broadband have created a world of opportunities and opened up new challenges, and mobile broadband tests for the enhancement of communication services, such as voice, which are expected to generate 10 billion dollar revenue by 2020 for LTE/HSPA Networks. While LTE networks deliver mobile broadband services with greater data capacity and lower latency, the globally interoperable IP-based voice and video calling services for LTE, known as VoLTE, has enabled development of new innovative communication services like evolved HD voice, audio/video sharing within a call and video communication over IP networks.
This course provides deep insight to all aspects of Voice over LTE (VoLTE) including VoLTE Fundamentals, Evolved Packet Core (EPC) in conjunction with IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) to deliver various services, VoLTE architecture, VoLTE network nodes and VoLTE protocols. Subsequently full end to-end LTE and IMS signalling procedures will be examined, including initial attach and registration, bearer and QoS control and SIP/SDP interaction for various call and non-call related situations. The comprehensive training course investigates the core concepts in VoLTE such as VoLTE interfaces, session handling, media and control, VoLTE frameworks and profiles, VoLTE operational scenarios, QoS, security,charging and roaming.
Key Benefits for Participants
This course will provide the following key benefits to the attendees:
- Understand the fundamentals of LTE, IMS, and VoLTE
- Understanding the VoLTE architecture, Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC) and Voice over IMS and Rich Communication Suite
- Deep insight to IMS Profiles for Voice and SMS defined by GSMA
- Learn about IMS architecture, IMS protocols, resource and media control elements to support voice, SMS and video
- Explore IMS operational procedures for VoLTE
- Identify the role of key network nodes, interfaces, protocols, media control and related protocols
- Discuss Functionalities, QoS and key technical requirements for VoLTE
- Discuss VoLTE End-to-End Signaling and EPS Session Mangement
- Understand VoLTE call flows, SMS, roaming, charging, QoS and security in LTE-EPC and IMS networks
Course Objectives
This course has the following major objectives:
- Provide comprehensive knowledge about LTE Voice Evolution, VoLTE, SRVCC and Voice over IMS
- Deliver insights about VoLTE System Architecture, Network Configuration with IMS, and UE and Network Protocol Stacks in IMS Profile for Voice
- Provide detailed insight to IMS Architecture, interfaces, protocols, signaling, elements and Switching function
- Detailed insights to IMS Session Establishment, Charging policy and QoS for VoLTE
- Comprehensive knowledge about IMS Handover, security and Services in IMS Registration
- Provide deep understanding of GSMA IMS Profiles for Voice, SMS and conversational Video
- Explain EPS Architecture for Voice and text Support, VoLTE Call Flows and Standarddized QCIs for LTE in Detail
Course Outline
In "Voice over Long-Term Evolution (VoLTE) and RCS Certification Course (Overview)", we cover the fundamentals of the LTE, VoLTE and RCS technology, while in "Voice over Long-Term Evolution (VoLTE) and RCS Certification Course (Comprehensive)" we cover the following course contents:
Introduction to Long Term Evolution (LTE)
- Introduction to LTE (Long Term Evolution) and SAE/EPC/EPS
- Network nodes and roles of HSS, MME, S-GW, P-GW, enhanced Packet Data Gateway (ePDG) and PCRF
- LTE/SAE/EPC Network Architecture
- Overview EPS
- Architecture and node functions
- EPS network architecture and components
- EPS bearers
- EPS QoS
- Idle and connected mode mobility
- EPS protocol stacks
- Basic EPS signaling procedures
- Key interfaces: S1, S5, S6, S10 and S11
- Key features and services
- Ethernet Backhaul for LTE
- PCC (Policy and Charging Control
- LTE and EPC Security
Introduction to VoLTE (Voice over LTE)
- What is VoLTE?
- LTE Voice Solution Alternatives
- Overview of CSFB, SRVCC and Voice over IMS
- Introduction of Circuit Switched FallBack (CSFB)
- EPS Reference Architecture for CSFB with UTRAN
- Voice over LTE via GAN (VoLGA)
- The aim of VoLGA
- High-level VoLGA Service Diagram
- Introduction of Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC)
- Rich Communication Suite (RCS)
- EPS Reference Architecture for Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC) to UTRAN as Destination Network
- SRVCC from LTE to 3GPP UTRAN/GERAN
- SRVCC from LTE to 3GPP2 C2K
- All IP voice and video, IMS
- LTE voice evolution—all-IP network
- VoLTE Network Configuration with IMS
- VoLTE System Architecture
- Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
- EPC Entities and Functionalities
- EPS Mobility Management
- EPS Session Management and QoS
- IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Architecture
- Home Subscriber Server (HSS)
- Policy and Charging Rule Function (PCRF)
- Overview of IMS Profile for Voice and SMS
- UE and Network Protocol Stacks in IMS Profile for Voice
- Supplementary Service Supported in VoLTE
- AMR codec and AMR-WB codec
- LTE RAN Features Reference
- Semi-Persistent Scheduling 3GPP 36.321
- Transmission Time Interval (TTI) Bundling 3GPP 36.321
- Discontinuous Reception (DRX) 3GPP 43.013
- Robust Header Compression (RoHC) IETF RFC4815
Introduction to IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
- What is IMS?
- Service creation and delivery
- IMS elements
- IMS Protocols and Messages
- SIP protocol for session control
- Service elements and functions
- IMS resource and media control elements
- Signaling and transport interworking elements
- Session Control in the IMS
- Media Encoding
- Media Transport
- SIP and Diameter in the IMS
- Interfaces and Protocols
- SIP extensions for IMS
IMS Architecture, Interfaces and Protocols
- CSCF (Call Session Control Function)
- S-CSCF (Serving-CSCF)
- I-CSCF (Interrogating-CSCF)
- P-CSCF (Proxy-CSCF)
- HSS (Home Subscriber Server)
- SLF (Subscription Locator Function)
- Policy Decision Function (PDF)
- AS (Application Server)
- MGCF (Media Gateway Control Function)
- MGW (Media Gateway)
- BGCF (Breakout Gateway Control Function)
- IP Multimedia Service Switching Function (IM-SSF)
- Media Resource Function Controller (MRFC)
- Media Resource Function Processor (MRFP)
- SCIM, OSA-SCS, IM-SSF Addressing
- Service oriented Interconnection (SoIx)
- Connectivity oriented Interconnection (CoIx)
- Interconnection Border Control Function (IBCF)
- IMS-ALG (IMS Application Layer Gateway)
- Media Resource Broker (MRB)
- TrGW (Translation Gateway)
- IMS Security Registration
- Call origination and termination
- Roaming and Handovers
- Supplementary Services
- Session renegotiation
- External Services (VHE, OSA)
- IMS Security Architecture
- IMS Session Establishment
- Interworking
- Charging, Policy & QoS
- PCC (Policy and Charging Control)
- Diameter in IMS
- Defining IMS Related Interfaces
IMS Operational Scenarios for VoLTE
- IMS IDs
- IMS Public User Identity
- IMS Private User Identity
- Identification of User's Device
- Identification of Network Entities
- Identification of Services (Public Service Identities)
- IMS Private User Identity (IMPI)
- IMS Public User Identity (IMPU)
- VoLTE UE Registration
- Subscription requirements
- Supplementary services
- Call Set-up
- PSTN Break-out
- Services in IMS Registration
- Call origination and termination
- Charging implications
- Roaming and handovers
- Quality of service
- Media Resource Reservation and Policy Control
- IMS Security
- Privacy implications
- Authentication
GSMA IR.92 IMS Profile for Voice and SMS
- IMS Feature Set
- Support of generic IMS functions
- Supplementary Services
- SMS over IPv4/IPv6
- IMS Media
- Voice Media
- Radio and Packet Core Feature Set
- Emergency Service
- Roaming Considerations
GSMA IR.94 IMS Profile for Conversational Video
- IMS Feature Set
- Support of Generic IMS Functions
- SIP Registration Procedures
- Call Establishment and Termination
- Early Media
- Supplementary Services
- IMS Media
- RTP Payload Format Considerations for
- Radio and Packet Core Feature Set for Video
- Bearer Considerations for Video
- LTE Radio Capabilities
VoLTE Functionalists and Features
- Radio Functionalists
- Bearers and Scheduling
- UE Radio Access Capabilities for VoLTE
- LTE RAN Features
- Semi-Persistent Scheduling
- Transmission Time Interval (TTI) Bundling
- Discontinuous Reception (DRX)
- Robust Header Compression (RoHC)
- Policy and charging control architecture
- QoS and Multiple Bearers (Default, Dedicated)
- QoS Class Identifiers (QCIs)
- PDN Connectivity Establishment for the VoLTE User
- IMS Identification
- Voice over LTE use cases
Key Technical Requirements for VoLTE
- QCI Values for the Bearers
- Mandatory SIP Headers
- Getting Connected
- Call and Media Handling
- Handover from LTE to Circuit-Switched
- CS Fallback for Evolved Packet System
- Architecture of CS Fallback for EPS
- Idle Mode Signaling Reduction and Use of CS Fallback for EPS
- CS Fallback Attachment
- Mobile Originating and Terminating
- Call Using CSFB
- Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC)
- Mobile Terminating Roaming Retry and Forwarding
- IMS Profile for Voice and SMS
- Telephony service and supplementary services
- IMS control and media
- IP flow and bearer management
- LTE radio capabilities
- Multi-media Telephony (MMTel) Supplementary Services
- A range of Codes used in IMS and Mobile networks
- Service Centralization and Continuity Application Server (SCC AS)
- PSTN interworking
- VoLTE Signaling protocols
- VoLTE Call Scenarios
- Bearer Concept & QoS-Architecture
- Dedicated EPS Bearer Establishment
- IMS triggered during Call Establishment
VoLTE End to End Signaling
- Overview of SIP and SDP
- Overview of RTP and RTCP
- VoLTE Call
- IMS VoLTE Procedures
- PDN Connectivity
- NAS Signaling
- Signaling Bearer, DCCH and Attach Request
- UE Authentication
- Bearer Setup and EPS Attach
- EPS Session Management (ESM)
- UE P-CSCF Discovery
- SIP Registration
- Overview of AKAv2-MD5
- Event Subscription
- VoLTE Subscription and Device Configuration
- EPS Attach for CSFB
- IMS VoIP and Default Bearer Activation
- IMS Registration
- Constructing the REGISTER Request
- UE to the P-CSCF, P-CSCF to the I-CSCF and I-CSCF to the S-CSCF
- S-CSCF Challenges the UE
- UE's Response to the Challenge
- Registration at the S-CSCF
- The 200 (OK) Response
- Third-Party Registration to Application Servers
- Subscription to Registration Event Package
- Re-Registration and Re-Authentication
- De-Registration
- SIP Headers and Codes
- Quick Overview of AMR and AMR-WB
EPS Architecture for Voice and Messaging Support
- Applied IMS Feature Set
- Support of generic IMS functions
- SIP Registration Procedures
- IMS Media
- Bearer Management
- Common Functionalists
- Policy and charging control architecture
- Complementing IMS with CS
- Attachment with E-UTRAN
- CS Fallback
- IMS and PCC
- Registration
- Call establishment
- E911/emergency calls
- IMS Emergency Session
- PDN Connection Setup for Emergency Session
- Emergency Registration
- Emergency Session
- Mobility and VoLTE
- Roaming and IPX
- Handovers
- Interworking solutions with 3G and WiFi
- VoLTE Messaging
- Native IMS Messaging
- SMS Interworking
- Multimedia Messaging Service
- Unstructured Supplementary Services Data Simulation in IMS
- TONEX IMS / VoLTE Roadmaps, VoLTE Call Traces and Reference Guide
VoLTE Call Flows
- VoLTE Call Flow – Basic IMS Registration
- VoLTE/IMS Procedures PDN Connectivity (NAS Signaling)
- Authentication
- Bearer Setup and EPS Attach
- Multiple Bearers (Default, Dedicated)
- QoS Class Identifiers (QCIs)
- GBR and Non-GBR
- Standardized QCIs for LTE
- P-CSCF Discovery
- SIP Registration
- Event Subscription
- VoLTE Call Flow
- SMS over LTE/EPC/IMS
Delivary Options
- Online
- Onsite
Who Should Attend
- Non-technical managers who are interested in Voice over LTE concepts and architecture
- Technical persons, engineers requiring in depth knowledge about VoLTE frameworks, protocols, technologies,profiles and deployments.


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Just realized that I have been losing my plug!!
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November 24th, 2008, 12:49 PM
Platinum Supermommy
Join Date: Dec 2007
Location: IL
Posts: 6,523
so exciting. i am so excited for you - he will be here pretty soon!
just to let you know i started losing my plug weeks before going into labor, then it stopped and then i lost a bunch more the few days before going into labor.
and i had given myself my shot that morning and ended up in the hospital that afternoon, so i just didn't get my evening bloodthinner & then was fine. 12 hours after my last shot i was still at about a 4.5 cm dilated and then she was born via c-section about 20 hours after my last shot. i had planed to deliver naturally anyways, but that ended up not mattering b/c of having to have a c-section.
Thanks to *Kiliki* for my pretty siggy!
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The Swans have conceded seven goals in their past three matches, but have an ideal opportunity to recover against Brian McDermott's side who are yet to collect a win
Rangel, Chico, Williams, Davies
Ki, Britton
Dyer, Michu, Hernandez
Cummings, Mariappa, Gorkss, Shorey
Kebe, Karacan, Leigertwood, McAnuff
Hunt, Pogrebnyak
Swansea are without regular left-back Neil Taylor (ankle) through long-term injury and 19-year-old Ben Davies has started in his place, but newly signed Dwight Tiendalli is another option. Centre-back Kyle Bartley (thigh) is also out injured.
Michu has been a regular starter behind Danny Graham in attack, but Michael Laudrup faces a choice between Leon Britton, Jonathan De Guzman and Ki Sung-Yeung for the two centre midfield positions, and between Nathan Dyer, Pablo Hernandez and Wayne Routledge for the two wings. Midfielder Kemy Agustien (calf) is recovering from injury.
Alex McCarthy will start again in goal for Reading, with Adam Federici (knee) unavailable. Competition for places in defence could be fierce, with Brian McDermott having made many defensive changes against Newcastle, bringing in Nicky Shorey at left-back in place of Ian Harte, Adrian Mariappa for Alex Pearce, and Shaun Cummings for Chris Gunter.
Winger Jimmy Kebe returned from injury on Saturday and is set to continue in place of Garath McCleary on the right flank, with Jobi McAnuff on the left.
The manager also faces a choice between whether to revert to starting Pavel Pogrebnyak up front as a lone striker, or continue with last week's 4-4-2 and play either Adam Le Fondre or Noel Long in attack in place of one of three central midfielders Jem Karacan, Mikele Leigertwood and Danny Guthrie.
- Swansea's manager Michael Laudrup has described the game as a "six pointer" after his team followed a promising start with three consecutive defeats in which they conceded seven goals and failed to score themselves.
- Defeat for the Swans would equal their worst run of losses in the Premier League (four) and failure to win would create their first run of five without a victory since they returned to the top flight.
- Reading have picked up just two points from their five games so far this season, and have won just two of their last 22 Premier League away games in which they suffered 15 defeats.
- The Royals have now scored 99 goals in Premier League history, having finished eighth in 2007 after winning promotion with a record 106 points in the Championship, before being relegated in 2008.
- Swansea have won four and lost none of the last six meetings in all competitions with Reading.
- The two sides last met at Wembley in the 2011 Championship play-off final, where the Swans secured promotion with a 4-2 win, despite the Royals threatening to comeback from 3-0 down at half time after Jobi McAnuff (pictured) set up two goals.
- The Welsh side have played fewer long balls, with 63, than any other Premier League side this season, and have scored all 10 of their goals this season from open play.
- Brian McDermott's side in contrast have played a higher percentage of their passes long (17.4 per cent) than any other Premier League side this season.


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Decoding Excellence with Nick Littlehales
In this episode of the Decoding Excellence show, I am speaking with Sleep Coach and author, Nick Littlehales.
Nick is a leading industry expert with over 30 years experience in the world of sleep, sleeping habits, and product design and over 15 years dedicated to elite athletes and professional sport.
Recently, Nick authored a fantastic book on the importance of sleep and recovery titled: "Sleep: Redefine Your Rest, for Success in Work, Sport and Life".
Having read the book, it's a tremendous and practical guide that all coaches would benefit from reading and applying the simple lessons provided in the text.
Nick's book is available on Amazon.com, Audible, iBookstore, and Google Play.
Nick and I discuss:
- Importance of Sleep in Athletic Performance
- Discussions surrounding his book
- The concept of aggregation marginal gains
- The R90 Sleep Method
- Simple & Real World Sleep/Recovery Tips
- Understanding your Circadian Rhythm
- Identifying your Sleep Chronotype
- How Sleep affects Recovery & Regeneration
You can catch up with Nick on Twitter at @SportSleepCoach or his website at SportSleepCoach.co.uk
This episode of the Decoding Excellence show is brought to you by Vald Performance, the makers of the NordBord, DashBord, and the GroinBar. They can be found at ValdPerformance.com
Stay updated with the podcast by following me on Twitter via @AdamRingler


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1) Marinate pork jowl meat for about 30 minutes, put into a preheated 180°C oven to cook for about 20 minutes until golden brown. Remove and briefly let cool. Cut the pork diagonally into slices. Set aside.
2) Mix the carrots, lettuce, Chinese celery, shallots and chili pepper, place on a plate. Chill in fridge.
3) Mix the ingredients for dressing. Chill in fridge.
4) Place pork slices on the salad, sprinkle with fried shallot slices. Serve with salad dressing.
TIPS The crushed fried glutinous rice in the dressing is made by dry-frying glutinous rice grain in pan until golden brown and crushed into grain size (not powder form). The gives the dressing a crisp flavour.


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Think your 1970's wood panelling is scary? We wouldn't be caught dead in these scary homes from our favorite horror movie sets – and right in time for Halloween.
1. Psycho (1960)
From just a quick look at the dilapidated exterior of the famous hotel, Marion Crane should have known staying there wasn't a good idea. Inside, taxidermy, peepholes, and easily accessible kitchen knives qualify any room as scary. "We all go a little mad sometimes," hotel owner Norman Bates tells Marion. She would have too, if Mother hadn't gotten to her first.
2. Rosemary's Baby (1968)
Famed New York City apartment building The Dakota is transformed into the sinister Bramford building where Rosemary and Guy Woodhouse make their home in this classic horror flick. If the dark, dingy hallways don't scare you, the film's ending sure will.
3. The Exorcist (1973)
Home to a formerly well behaved little girl, Regan, this Washington D.C. building later houses one of the most terrifying demonic possessions to ever grace Hollywood. After seeing Regan transform into the devil personified and wrecking havoc during her exorcism, we can barely look at this house without our pulse quickening.
4. The Amityville Horror (1979)
Dark and creepy are not typical design elements in a little girl's bedroom, but certainly are in George and Kathy Lutz's Dutch Colonial home in Amityville, New York. When the family moves into the house where a gruesome murder took place, Mr. Lutz famously says, "Houses don't have memories." But even with this third-floor bedroom's charming pair of quarter-circle windows, flowered wall paper, and girly pink bedsheets, the home's "memories" soon become all too apparent to the Lutz family.
5. The Shining (1980)
Jack Torrance doesn't believe he will succumb to the cabin fever he is warned about, taking a job at the Overlook Hotel, even though the previous caretaker, Charles Grady, murdered his own family there. Jack's son, Danny, has visions that would keep us out of the hotel. Top of the list: this famous scene with the ghostly Grady girls standing at the end of a long, wallpapered hallway. Get out of there, Danny!
6. Scream (1996)
While there are several noteworthy home scenes in the original Scream, we'll never forget the terror we felt watching the opening sequence that takes place in Casey (played by Drew Barrymore) and her parents' home. And it's one of the scenes that makes it likely we'll answer Scream when asked about our favorite scary movie.
7. What Lies Beneath (2000)
The serene design of this bath does not make up for a high level of creepiness. After having thoughts that her Vermont lakeside home is haunted, Claire Spencer tries to relax in her silver-footed bathtub. But the scene goes from spa-like to spooky when Claire spots a young woman's ghostly reflection in the bath water.
8. The Others (2001)
While the stately home Grace (played by Nicole Kidman) inhabits with her two children seems beautiful at first glance, the secrets it holds within its walls makes it a horrifying location no viewer will ever forget.
9. Signs (2002)
The Hess family farmhouse seems innocuous at first glance, but as stranger and stranger things happen on their property it becomes an integral part of the story.
10. The Cabin in the Woods (2012)
While this movie perfectly satirizes the horror genre, what transpires in this abandoned cabin still packs quite the terrifying punch. We'll forgive you if you never want to stay in a cabin again.
Image Source: IMBD.com


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This piece was commissioned by Denver Digerati and unveiled during the Friday Flash #11 exhibition on Friday September 25th, 2015.
Artist's Statement:
Originally the piece was supposed to be an ode to my work and how this female character lives within the collages: sort of he artist watching someone viewing his art and imagining their relationship to it but as the project progressed, i found myself lost between what I wanted to give and take, and what i wanted the character to give back to me. I was thinking of french new wave meets digital art not only storytelling, but the process of filmmaking. depictions of the common. philosophical concepts of absurdity, existentialism and the human condition.
I wanted to take something I liked and remake it. Everything is a remix. My work is a derivative of Canada's. Most of Star Wars George Lucas remade shot for shot from previous films. Kill Bill by Tarantino is pulled from ideas and characters from movies that came before it. Hunter S. Thompson retyped The Great Gatsby to feel what it was like to write a masterpiece.
Copy > Transform > Combine
Conceptually -- Theft is alluded to in the script, albeit poetically. That everyone's tastes taste the same. And we are living in a post-postmodernist world of art where the copy of the original belongs to both the artist and the consumer. And in a way it is the responsibility of the consumer to transform their experience with the art into something new.
We need to reevaluate the idea that it is theft since the duplication of art is now so prolific and free. We are exploring the boundaries of how much of the copy is owned by the viewer.
Artist website: mariozoots.com


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Many of you may not know this about me but I'm of Irish descent. My parents are both of Irish descent and while my Dad's side of the family has lived in the U.S. a little longer, my Mom was only the second generation American-born citizen. It's interesting to think that my great-grandmother made passage over from Ireland over to America with her brother, John, when she was just a teenager. To hear my grandmother tell it, her Mom and Uncle made the trip alone from Ireland down into England. She told me that her Mother and Uncle were supposed to take the voyage from England to New York on the Titanic. On the spur of the moment, they decided to stay an extra few weeks in England on Holiday before making their way to New York. It's crazy to think how fate played a role in their decision not to take the illustrious maiden voyage on the Titanic. Now, I don't know if that story is true or not but it's one my Nana told me so I have to believe it has merit. Crazy, right?
Anyway, my great-grandmother brought with her all our family recipes from the "old country" as my Nana called them. I can't recall any of my Nana's traditional Irish recipes ever including beer or ale. Most traditional recipes are generally just flavorful, filling dishes that were not heavily seasoned with herbs and spices other than salt and pepper. As these dishes have been modernized and Americanized, many newer versions of Irish Stew now mostly contain the addition of an Irish Ale, like Guinness, and if you wanted to add that to this dish, you can do so while it's simmering so that the alcohol will boil off leaving behind the concentrated flavors of the beer. That being said, if you do decide to add the Irish Ale, make sure it's a flavor you enjoy because it will heavily flavor the broth.
Now traditionally, my Nana did not thicken the Irish Stew in the same way that we now thicken beef stew but I do prefer it this way as well. We serve this stew with a good crusty bread with butter to sop up all that delicious sauce. This traditional Irish Stew is hearty and delicious. The lamb is so tender it practically melts in your mouth. Enjoy a bowl this St. Patrick's Day! 🙂
How to Make a Traditional Irish Stew
Yield 6
How to Make a Traditional Irish Stew: As these dishes have been modernized and Americanized, many newer versions of Irish Stew now mostly contain the addition of an Irish Ale, like Guinness, and if you wanted to add that to this dish, you can do so while it's simmering so that the alcohol will boil off leaving behind the concentrated flavors of the beer.
2 tbsp extra virgin olive oil2 lamb shoulder, trimmed and cut into 1-inch pieces2 onions, peeled and chopped3 celery stalks, trimmed and sliced1 bay leaf1 tsp fresh thyme (add more or less, to your taste)4 large carrots, peeled and roughly chopped4 cups beef or lamb stock2 lbs Yukon gold potatoes, peeled and cut into ½-inch slices2 tbsp buttersalt and ground black pepper, to taste
Preheat the oven to 325°F.Place a large, Dutch oven or heavy bottomed stock pot over high heat, add 1 tablespoon of the oil and brown the lamb pieces in two batches. Remove and set aside on a plate. Reduce the heat to medium–high, add another tablespoon of oil and fry the onion, celery and carrot for 4–6 minutes or until the onions have softened.Return the meat to the pot and add the bay leaf, thyme and beef stock, season with salt and ground black pepper and bring to the boil. Remove from the heat and push add the slices of potato pushing them down into and across the top of the stew, dot with small pads of butter and season the top with a little extra salt and black pepper. Cover and place in the oven to finish cooking for about 1½ hours or until the meat is tender. Serve in deep bowls with slices of crusty bread to soak up the amazing broth.
Courses Dinner
Cuisine Irish


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Allow us to destroy your productivity with a live streaming session of BioShock Infinite on the Joystiq Twitch channel. Over the next hour we'll focus on the action, rather than the story – we wouldn't want to spoil a large element of what we praised in our review.
Watch the stream after the break and ask any questions you may have in the comments. Those spewing spoilers will have to contend with the fury of Songbird.


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Picture: Meghan Beck (Miss February) The Miss Playboy Club model search at the Playboy Club at Palms Resort & Casino Las Vegas, Nevada - 01.02.10
After questions were raised by both liberal and conservative commentators about who will be benefiting from a 9/11 patriotic rally in Anchorage, AK featuring Glenn Beck and Sarah Palin, a spokesperson for Beck on Thursday said that he will be donating his fee to the Special Operations Warrior Foundation. The group provides full scholarships and counseling to the children of military personnel killed while on duty. (Beck's website says that $5 million was raised for the group during his Restoring Honor rally last month.) The Beck spokesperson said that Sarah Palin, who is scheduled to introduce Beck at Saturday's rally, will receive no feel. Still, it was not disclosed how much Beck will receive or who will pocket the rest of the receipts. Tickets are priced between $73.75 and $225.
Doug Aitken is a multimedia artist who takes an in-depth look at society's art today;...


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Listen to Candidate Walmart:
As Republican presidential hopefuls vie for their party's nomination, one last-minute entry has gone largely overlooked despite his impressive right-wing credentials.
"I'm more Republican than any of the candidates," said Candidate Walmart, the first corporate person to run for president. In the wake of the Supreme Court's Citizens United ruling, which determined that corporations are people and entitled to constitutional rights, "we decided that it only made sense that we should actually have a corporation run for president," he said.
Candidate Walmart characterized his opponents as being too moderate. "Any of their promises, I can outdo them," he told TheFightBack while dressed sharply in a jacket emblazoned with dollar signs. "Newt Gingrich wants to get rid of child labor laws. I say get rid of all labor laws."
Recently, Mitt Romney came under fire for saying he wasn't focused on the plight of poor people. For Candidate Walmart that was good, just not good enough. "The thing that I have over Mitt Romney is that not only do I really not care, I actually create poor people every day with my low wages and shoddy benefits."
While the world's largest retailer has been accused of using sweatshop labor for some of its products, Candidate Walmart feels they can do better. "I'm going to find out where we're not using sweatshop labor and change that up because I want the most efficient, effective product distribution line that there can be, and you really only get that with child labor, slave labor, that kind of stuff."
The first corporate person to run for president reminded shoppers, "Vote Walmart, vote early, vote often. And always remember low prices are awesome."
Related stories:
Busboys and Poets Owner Andy Shallal Says Four Walmarts In D.C. Would Be Devastating, April 4, 2011
Yes! Says No to Walmart, Feb. 21, 2011
Related sites:


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1. Elka – Provance
Elka is a pseudonym. The real name of the Russian pop singer is Elizaveta (like one of the Russian empresses).
A nice combination of good vocals and originality.
Elizaveta moved from Ukraine to Moscow.
The song is about freedom, the opportunity to go on holiday wherever you want. And what great things can happen to you:
"… A cozy cafe…
With red wine…
You can say that this is just a silly dream …"
2. Slava – Loneliness
The real name of the Russian pop singer Slava is Anastasia Slanevskaya.
One day after work she was singing in a karaoke club and a well-known producer heard her. He waited for her to finish, and invited her to work together.
The song is about loneliness, about how hard it is to "keep the mark" and still crave a close relationship.
"Stone lady …
Never cries,
Believes no one…
It hurts all the same…"
3. Gradusy – Movie director
Gradusy is the Russian pop group. The leader of the group is Dmitry Bakhtinov. He was joined by Roman Pashkov, Ruslan Tagiyev and, in different years, drummers Viktor Golovanov and Anton Grebyonkin.
Initially, the song was written using dark colors – the author experienced a personal loss. Then the song was rewritten in a positive way.
The song says that after a personal loss you need to get up and move on.
"In this movie I am the main actor,
I'm a writer and a director…
Unloved, forgive me,
My love – love me."
4. 30.02 – Stars in the puddles
30.02 is a non-existent date – February 30th.
In this music band there are two Russian musicians: Mikhail Shalmanov and Valentin Tkach.
The song is about the romance of a big city, about simple and light – about love.
"I want to share with you
Stars in the puddles,
Warm dinner want to share with you…
We have so much to say to each other
And let the world wait"
5. Vintage – The sign of Aquarius
This Russian pop group consists of the singer Anna Pletneva and sound producer Alexei Romanov.
The song "Aquarius" is about women's experiences.
"I gave it my all, and I don't regret!
And despite all autopilots,
I live in spite of horoscopes!"
6. Serebro – I will not give you up
Serebro is a Russian female pop group. Serebro means silver.
The group includes Olga Seryabkina, Daria Shashina and Polina Favorskaya.
Serebro won the 3rd prize at the "Eurovision" competition.
This is a song about love from the point of view of a possessive woman.
"Never, never, to nobody
I will not give you up…"
7. Dima Bilan – Crazy about you
Dima Bilan is the alias of the singer Viktor Belan.
Dima Bilan twice participated in the competition "Eurovision": with the song «Never let you go» he took second place, and with the song «Believe» he took first place.
The song "Crazy about you" is about love.
"You are the bright sun…
We'll wake up together…
A moment of true happiness…"
8. Sati Kasanova feat. Arsenium – Until dawn
Sati Kasanova
A duet of the Russian singer Sati Kasanova and Arsenium.
The song is a love story. It's hard to think about the future. You should enjoy this moment.
"A little bit of money in the pocket,
And my friends and I are hanging at a bar…
And until dawn let love burn…"
9. Pizza – Arms
Pizza is a music group with elements of pop, funk and something else.
City, and teen love carried through years – this is what music video "Arms" is about.
"The soul was flying over puddles, but April didn't give me a cold.
I think I killed myself with your deadly weapon."
10. Anna Semenovich – I'll follow you
Anna Semenovich (March 1, 1980, Moscow) – Russian pop singer. Interestingly, Anna used to be a figure skater.
The song "I'll follow you" is about how a woman lost her head in love.
"I'll follow you to the ends of the earth…
I'll follow you in your footsteps…"
+1: Leningrad — Eksponat ('Exhibit')
This is a real parody of modern young women.
More than 100 000 000 views.
+2: Sergey Lazarev – You Are The Only One
"We can never let the word be unspoken.
We will never let our loving go come undone…"
Top 6 Russian rap songs of all time
Top 7 Most Popular Russian Folk Songs
Traditional Russian dance songs
фото-фотобанк Лори


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Have your say on the future of the Scenic Eastern Escarpment
The Blue Mountains is fringed by stunning sandstone escarpments to its north, south, east and west. The southern escarpment is well known as a national and international tourist destination, hosting the Three Sisters, Echo Point along with popular lookouts, walking tracks and climbing and abseiling sites. As upgrades continue to the visitor infrastructure on the… Read More »


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Ben has significant experience as a serial entrepreneur and private investor, and has founded, built and sold numerous companies in the specialty chemicals and energy services sectors. Currently, Ben is a co-founding Managing Director of Chem Advances, LLC, and Advanced Applied Research, LLC, holding companies for industrial technology commercialization and applied industrial research, respectively.
Of other investments of note, in 1995, he co-founded LandTel Communications, LLC, which grew into the market-share leader in satellite communications for drilling rigs. LandTel went 13 consecutive years without an unprofitable month. Davis and fellow shareholders sold the company to a private equity syndicate via a two-step transaction in 2006 and 2008. In 1997, he co-founded Aquatica, Inc., a commercial diving firm, exiting publicly in 1999 via sale to Cal Dive International, becoming with his partners as a group the 4th-largest shareholder of Cal Dive. In 2003, Davis also co-founded Sea Fluids, LLC, a bulk chemical terminal services company for U.S. Gulf of Mexico oil & gas operations. In 2007, Davis invested in Westlake Group LLC, an investment bank headquartered in Austin, where he holds 62 and 63 FINRA licenses.
Ben is a Baylor University honors graduate, with undergraduate and graduate degrees in Finance and Economics and a law degree with a concentration in Business Planning & Drafting. From 1999 to 2007, he was a member of The Entrepreneurs' Organization (EO), and is a graduate of the Birthing of Giants program co-sponsored by MIT and EO. Among other activities, Ben previously served as Chair of the Board of Trustees of Trinity Episcopal School, Austin, Texas.
Check the background of this investment professional on FINRA BrokerCheck


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Super cute striped denim button down with crochet details on the shoulder, front tie and a bit of shirring in the back to create the perfect relaxed fit!
- Model is wearing a size small. Fits true to size.
- 65% Cotton, 35% Polyester.
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am·phi·bole (ămfə-bōl′)
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Any of a large group of structurally similar silicate minerals, such as hornblende, that have a crystalline structure consisting of a double chain of linked SiO4 units and that contain various combinations of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum. Several varieties of asbestos are fibrous forms of amphiboles.
[French, from Late Latin amphibolus, ambiguous, from Greek amphibolos, doubtful, from amphiballein, to throw on either side : amphi-, amphi- + ballein, to throw; see gwelə- in the Appendix of Indo-European roots.]
am′phi·bolic (-bŏlĭk) adj.
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Wild at Heart Trailer (1990)
"A wild crazy love story." 01 May 1990 Drama, Comedy, Thriller 124 mins
Young lovers Sailor and Lula run from the variety of weirdos that Lula's mom has hired to kill Sailor.
Watch the official Wild at Heart 1990 trailer in HD below or find more Wild at Heart videos on Vidimovie.


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Naval Group - Future Submarine
Contact Details
| David Land
(08) 8303 2138
Project Details
Future Submarine
The program seeks to establish the Australian industrial capability necessary to support the build, operation and sustainment of the Future Submarine. This will involve maximising the involvement of Australian industry in all phases of the Program without compromising capability, cost, schedule or risk.
Australias Future submarines will be built in Australia, in Adelaide. The first submarine will commence service in the early 2030s with construction of the last submarine in the 2050s. Sustainment will continue into the 2080s. Click HERE for further information on the program and naval shipbuilding plan.
Naval Group (formerly DCNS) was announced as Australia's international partner for the design and build of 12 Future Submarines on 26 April 2016.
In September 2016, the Government announced that Lockheed Martin Australia would be the Combat System Integrator for the Future Submarine Program. To register interest in becoming a supplier to Lockheed Martin Australia, click HERE.
Naval Group
For over 400 years, Naval Group has been a European leader in naval defence. Naval Group has over 13,000 employees worldwide and designs, builds and maintains submarines and/or surface vessels for the French Navy, Brazil, India and Malaysia. Naval Group has suppliers from all around the world, and becoming a supplier to Naval Group provides opportunities to join that global supply chain.
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Naval Group will use this and other information to identify opportunities for suppliers to participate in capability development programs, access grants, be invited to participate in requests for tender and partner with Naval Group or its prime contractors.
Regardless of background industry or size, any company interested in being a part of the Naval Group supply chain and the Future Submarine Program needs to register its interest and keep its company and capability information up to date on the ICN gateway. Even if a Supplier Pre-Qualification Questionnaire (SPQQ) has already been lodged, registration on this ICN Gateway is necessary.
Please note that any personal information submitted to naval Group when registering your interest will be collected, disclosed, stored and used in accordance with our Privacy Policy which is accessible by clicking HERE.
Any action undertaken in anticipation of a formal appointment as our supplier, or the award of a contract, will be at your own cost and risk. By inviting expressions of interest, we are not warranting or representing that we will purchase goods or services in particular quantities or at all. We encourage you to conduct your own due diligence and assessment of whether you are suitable for the provision of goods and/or services to us. Upon receipt of your details, we may conduct further enquiries of third parties with whom you deal, including any referees that you have nominated or credit reporting agencies. By supplying us with your information electronically, you accept the inherent security risk of dealing online over the internet and agree not to hold us responsible for any unauthorised breaches of security.SHOW LESS
Project Documents


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We need about 1000 of these. The concept is easy, the execution is awesome! Just attached this coin sized sticker with a low-powered Bluetooth chip in it to whatever you want, and track it.
The StickNFind works a few different ways.
- Locate – press the button on your app, and it will flash and make noise.
- Hot or Cold – a radar-like display shows if you are getting closer or farther from the tag.
- Find it – you get a notification when a tag comes into range. Perfect for letting you know when a vehicle is back, or alerting you when your luggage comes out on the baggage carrousel, etc.
- Virtual Leash – the opposed of Find It. You get a notice when something leaves your range. Wallet, keys, pets, kids – whatever!
Currently under development at IndieGogo, a starting set of 2 will run you $35, where $90 will get you a sheet of 6.
Hopefully available March 2013. Support it now at www.indiegogo.com


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We appreciate all of you!
Camp on any available campsite for just $20 per night, in a Park Model for $65 per night or a Motel Room for $50 per night. Enjoy a hayride Saturday night, go fishing on the lake, or go swimming in our indoor heated pool. A great DEAL for a GREAT TIME! 2 night minimum on all reservations.
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Dog of the Day
Cat of the Day
Pet of the Day
Last edited by phesina; 07-20-2014 at 07:52 PM.
I meant," said Ipslore bitterly, "what is there in this world that truly makes living worthwhile?"
Death thought about it.
CATS, he said eventually. CATS ARE NICE.
-- Terry Pratchett (19482015), Sourcery
Great picture. LOL!
"I don't know which weapons will be used in the third World war, but in the fourth, it will be sticks and stones" --- Albert Einstein.
Years ago there was a commercial for cat litter. All the cats were waiting in line for the litter box.
I've been finally defrosted by cassiesmom!
"Not my circus, not my monkeys!"-Polish proverb
That's cute and funny too. It reminds me of women in a line for bathroom.
Copyright © 2001-2013 Pet of the Day.com


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Fibocom Wireless Inc. is a global leading M2M and CE telecommunication provider dedicated to design and manufacture wireless module and provide IoT solutions, which enable secure communications among machines, equipment, vehicles and assets over wireless networks. Our product covers GSM/GPRS modules, HSPA+ modules, LTE modules and GNSS modules. Fibocom is well known for providing TCU、Smart POS、Smart Device which are based on Intel X86 platform. As an Intel invested company, Fibocom boasts a comprehensive innovation driven portfolio in IoT industry.
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Eating other people's c**
I can eat my c**, but I want to try watching guys c** all over a girl and then licking her clean. I suppose from there it's not a long jump from actually sucking a guy off but one thing at a time. Who else has tried another man's c**?
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I licked my wife c*** after she had been out drinking, I could taste another man's s**** ss it dribbled out of her c***. I enjoyed it but never told her. I fid say to her that her c*** smelt and tasted different, she said it was because she had been dancing and was all sweaty.
Then I f***** her saying she smelt like a s***, she groaned saying oh yes f*** my s*** p**** it loves s****, I whispered I want to lick my s**** out of your c***, she said oh f*** yes, she c** all over my face
I encourage her to go out now


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Oh, kiss me beneath the milky twilight Lead me out on the moonlit floor20:04
Jumper - Primark/ Skirt - Primark/ Shoes - Primark/ Nails - Primark
This is yesterday's outfit. Ian and I were going out to dinner at his mums. I wanted something that was laid back, but looked good. I picked this jumper up in Primark's sale I was really pleased to get it as it was the last one in my size.
Kiss Me - Sixpene None The Richer
3 comments
Gorgeous outfit m'dear, it really suits you and you really pull it off! :)ReplyDelete
such a cute sweater! and those nails, love love love them! :) xReplyDelete
Alice Barton ♥ TheMowWay


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To obtain your registration ID "Invitation Code", please send your request to: [email protected]
Dear Respected Members, please abide by the rules of the forum and avoid posting unacceptable comments or illegal software. Thanks!
If you are a registered member in MHH and not able to login or recover your account, Kindly contact [email protected]
If you are a registered member in MHH and not able to login or recover your account, Kindly contact [email protected]
01-01-2014, 04:21 AM (This post was last modified: 01-09-2014 11:24 PM by stig.)
Post: #1
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I'm planning my parent's 50th Anniversary celebration dinner for about 20 people, and I'd like to find a winery in Washinton with a beautiful setting and great wine and food. We'd like to stay within 90 miles or so of Portland, and I'm thinking about the Mount Hood/Columbia River Valley area given it's so beautiful.
We're not from the area, but the Pacific Northwest is a good meeting spot for my family members. Any ideas you have would be appreciated.


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Add your Comment
YouTube Link
DailyMotion Link
This video lecture from Carboxylic Acids (F.Sc. second year Chemistry) covers the reactions of carboxylic acids in which complete carboxyl- group participates. It includes reactions in which carboxylic acids are partially reduced to alcohols in the presence of lithium aluminum hydride and the complete reduction to alkanes upon reaction with hydrogen iodide and red phosphorus. Water and iodine are also produced in the latter case. Find more e-learning material and educational video lectures in Urdu at maktab.pk. These videos are free to use for promotional and commercial purpose by keeping the credits to Maktab.


text: Seriously, if you're going to do something fun, is jumping out of a plane on the top of your list? For all I know, these are the last portraits of S. and A. because we shot them right before they headed to the airport. Well, at least they'll look good on easels at the funeral.


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Cincinnati (Ohio) Anderson has a very good lineman who has the potential to be one of the best in the Buckeye State class of 2007.
Offensive guard Mark Wetterer started all 10 games this season. The 6-foot-4 and 270 pound Wetterer bench presses 300 pounds and has a 2.8 GPA.
"He's a force," Anderson coach Vince Suriano said. "He may be the best lineman I've ever had. And I had one who is a starter now at Boston College, and another one who is a starter at Illinois.
Article Continues Below
"Mark has good feet, he's physical, and he's nasty on the field. If I've ever had a true kid Ohio State would recruit, he would probably be the one."
Recruiting fans may want to keep Wetterer's name in mind. Big Ten coaches probably will.


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How to refresh calling form (Parent form) when called form is closed.
Discussion in 'Oracle Forms and Reports' started by pramod.sramesh, Apr 9, 2014.


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Sold for:
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FAS's TRADING POST
ND (1992) Issue
Money Back Guarantee If Item Not As Described!
You are bidding on a 20 Dollars banknote issued in Cook Islands in 1992. The Cook Islands are a political dependency of New Zealand consisting of 15 islands located in the South Pacific Ocean. The islands were annexed to New Zealand in 1901 and were granted internal self-government in 1965. I have described the note as best I can. However, I am not a professional currency grader, so please examine the image and bid accordingly.
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After a disappointing 2005 season, the Eagles are driven to get back into playoff contention in the tough NFC East. The Terrell Owens experiment has ended and quarterback Donovan McNabb is more focused than ever on returning Philadelphia to prominence.
Last year was a year the organization would like to forget. With high expectations coming off a Super Bowl appearance, the talk in Philadelphia centered on a disgruntled player (Owens) who divided the locker room and disrupted team leadership. Will the Eagles return to their winning ways in 2006? Even though they have a solid foundation in place, it won't be easy. The NFC East has improved from top to bottom.
Let's examine what the Eagles have done this offseason.


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No Pets Allowed Trailer (2014)
29 November 2014
As a young child Rebecca was traumatized by her Father's cruel way of dealing with the animals she brought home. As an adult she still has a great love for animals but the pets she has are quite unusual.
Watch the official No Pets Allowed 2014 trailer in HD below or find more No Pets Allowed videos on Vidimovie.


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The Directory Listings » Directories » Free Directories
A human edited haitian web directory that contains only quality web resources. Offers free and reciprocal link submission. Submit your website for inclusion.
Create a Fun Bean Bag Toss Game for Kids
Kids love to throw things. However, the inside of a house is not the best place for this. Nor is it helpful to a child to throw things randomly with no control. A great way to help your child gain this co
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New Delhi, Jun 11 (UNI) A series of exclusive documentary film festivals will be held all over the country as part of the diamond jubilee celebrations of the Films Division, the premier documentary film producer of the country.
The Films Division has completed six decades of its existence.
It was established in 1948 at the initiative of national leaders, particularly Jawahar lal Nehru and the then Home Minister Sardar Patel, in order to document the progress of the Independent India.
The year-long celebrations will be kicked off tomorrow with a three-day film festival-cum-exhibition to be inaugurated by Minister for Information and Broadcasting Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi here.
A special issue of FD's quarterly magazine Documentary Today will be released and vetarn documentary filmmakers felicitated on the occasion. A photo exhibition, chronicling 60 years of the Films Division will also be held.
Films Division has earned the distinction of the largest institutional body in the documentary film world with a voluminous 8000 films to its credit.
It has won hundreds of national and internatioinal awards besides two Oscar nominations.


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My laptop is just show the shutting down with the loading dots
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Published: Wednesday 25th March 2015 by KCFM
The new Bishop of Hull has been named by the Church of England.
Revd Canon Alison White, who is currently priest-in-charge of Riding Mill in the Diocese of Newcastle and Diocesan Adviser for Spirituality and Spiritual Direction, will take over as the Bishop Suffragan of the See of Hull.
She will be only the second female Bishop in the history of the Church of England, following the Right Revd Libby Lane, Bishop of Stockport.
The Revd Canon Alison White said: "In 2010, I was privileged to be invited to take part in the York Diocesan Clergy Conference where I got a profound sense of a Diocese with faith and hope. I know that there is a real vision to be Generous Churches Making and Nurturing Disciples and can't wait to be part of loving God and growing the Church in this great part of Yorkshire".
The Archbishop of York, Dr John Sentamu said: "This is a joyous day! I am delighted to be welcoming Alison as the next Bishop of Hull. Whilst she will be working with others across the Diocese of York encouraging faith in urban life, she will have particular responsibilities for the vibrant city of Hull and the glorious coastline and countryside of the East Riding. Alison is a person of real godliness and wisdom – it is fantastic that she has accepted God's call to make Christ visible together with all of us in this Diocese of York."
The Revd Canon Alison White will be consecrated on Friday 3 July 2015, at 11.00 am, at York Minster. She succeeds the Right Revd Richard Frith, who became Bishop of Hereford in November 2014.
Published: Wednesday 25th March 2015 by KCFM


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08-28-03, 10:23 #1Registered User
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Unanswered: Executing a Stored Procedure in Sybase db
How do i execute a stored procedure and pass it parameters from visual basic???
this procedure writes data to the db, that is why i need to pass it parameters??
09-09-03, 13:04 #2Registered User
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VB reference manual
I would look up in the manual, but usually you run an SQL stmt saying:
exec SPROC param1, param2, etc...
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Philpot considering another run for Congress
CHS 85 Sandy, UTJuly 28, 2011 3:22 p.m.
Morgan, meet Merrill Cook...
Richie Saint George, UTJuly 28, 2011 9:55 a.m.
Go for it Morgan. If you had been given a few more bucks to spread your message last time Mathison would have been history.
govt rocks Salt Lake City, UTJuly 28, 2011 9:47 a.m.
I would not support Morgan. Look at his work associated with the billboard industry; and industry in Utah that has received far more special treatment than any other commercial enterprise and is virtually free of local control. Businesses cannot do whatever they want when their actions directly impact communities in a negative light.
Utah is changing, and there is a growing need to have moderate representation at all levels in government. Neither an overly liberal or overly conservative candidate does not represent the growing moderate segment of Utah.
#1 Champ Salt Lake City, UTJuly 28, 2011 9:43 a.m.
I am a little suspect of Morgan's intentions. He seems like an opportunist to me.
Cats Somewhere in Time, UTJuly 28, 2011 8:28 a.m.
Go Morgan. We definitely need to get Matheson out of there. Since the Democrats went into minority, it has been made more clear that he is more loyal to his Democrat leadership than to his constituency. He voted against repeal of Obamacare even though his constituents are opposed to it. That shows where his heart is.
Ok Salt Lake City, UtahJuly 28, 2011 8:18 a.m.
I wouldn't support Morgan Philpot if he ran for congress. I would support him if he ran for governor, he could do a good job as governor. In fact, just about anyone could do a better than Gov Herbert.
Furry1993 Somewhere in Utah, UTJuly 28, 2011 7:06 a.m.
I wouldn't support him for dog catcher. We need a rational moderate in Congress, not another right wing fanatic. He's the LAST person that Utah and the United States needs.
T-Jeff Uinta Basin, UtahJuly 28, 2011 5:28 a.m.
I'd vote for him...again.
DN Subscriber Cottonwood Heights, UTJuly 27, 2011 10:40 p.m.
Philpot did a good job in the Legislature, and is a solid conservative who stands on principle, not polling, like some politicians.
Unlike Matheson and Hatch, Philpot will have the same views in Washington that he does in Utah, and we can count on him to work hard.
I hope he can beat Matheson this time, because we certainly need someone in Washington to cut spending, and he will do it and Matheson will not. (And that means real cuts from current year numbers, not the phone inflated "baseline" budget games that Congress plays.)
LAS Saint George, UTJuly 27, 2011 10:23 p.m.
So great to here! Morgan is a man with real integrity, and some one who can make a difference in Washington.
brendrea SAINT GEORGE, UTJuly 27, 2011 9:41 p.m.
Morgan is one of the few people who 'get it'. He is a man of integrity and I would trust his vote back in DC anytime. It will be interesting to see where the lines are drawn!
Daniel Moir Murray, UTJuly 27, 2011 9:08 p.m.
I would happily support Morgan in another run for any office. He is a great guy and a man of honor and honesty. We need people like him in office! Go Morgan!
dj schanz North Salt Lake, UTJuly 27, 2011 8:59 p.m.
Great news. We need sincere and genuine people seeking public office. Morgan is one of those individuals who doesn't have a political bucket list, but rather a strong commitment to bring about substantial change to limit government and increase personal liberty and accountability.
Utah Liberty LAYTON, UTJuly 27, 2011 7:55 p.m.
We need good people like Morgan Philpot in DC. He's a man who stands for liberty! Run Morgan run!
CalCooli Draper, UTJuly 27, 2011 7:41 p.m.
Of course he's running, and he'll win too! If the polls are correct about Matheson being such a strong candidate against Hatch or Chaffetz, that just shows how strong of a candidate Philpot is considering he almost beat Matheson with a fraction of the money and being a relative no namer. Philpot is a force to be reckoned with for sure!
stanard Saint George, UTJuly 27, 2011 7:16 p.m.
This is awesome! We've got to show people we support Morgan Philpot and encourage him to get back into another Congressional Run. Morgan ran a great campaign last year, with a 25% swing against Matheson. 2012 is his year!