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Day Lewis Pharmacy is a nationwide retail pharmaceutical company, serving thousands of patients. With over 1600 employees at 250 locations throughout the UK. It is vital for them to have reliable IT systems, 100% uptime and a rapid response guarantee from close at hand, skilled engineers when things go wrong.
When Day Lewis first partnered with CORETX, they had a small team of six IT support staff to maintain over 900 desktop and mobile devices, many of which had been inherited through acquisition and ran conflicting software on several different platforms. Onsite support was via local providers, on a best endeavours basis, and consistency varied greatly. The chance of a business critical failure, or any significant downtime - particularly in a rigorous NHS environment - had to be removed. The IT support team were confronted with the challenge of managing, tracking and auditing work group machines in each store. With new updates being made on a bi-weekly basis, the task of installing these using manual remote control methods was proving very time consuming.
At the head office data centre (DC), Day Lewis also needed a more resilient server and storage infrastructure to allow consolidation of older workloads, improved speed and better data recovery features, plus new LAN and security estate, fit for today's complex needs.
Both Day Lewis and CORETX identified field support services as a crucial first step in creating more agile and nimble IT services.
With 2000 machines not all in an active directory, CORETX introduced their System Automated Management (SAM) software toolset. SAM manages software and policy updates, software packaging and remote control, plus backup of critical patient data back to head office. The use of CORETX's nationwide field engineers also improved emergency services including reduced site response times from hours to days, and planned engineering services provided a complete upgrade from Windows XP to Windows 7 across all 2000 workstations.
At the data centre, CORETX's Professional Services consultants advised and implemented a new highly resilient virtual infrastructure, underpinned by cutting edge hybrid flash storage and 10Gb switch core, upgraded LAN and Security, all based on best of breed vendors. This provided site level resilience for the corporate data, underpinned by CORETX's cloud based Disaster Recovery service, protecting the company's systems from failure and providing 100% service availability.
Day Lewis now have a proper escalation route, to skills and resources that would be cost prohibitive to employ directly. . There is confidence that all business systems are fully replicated at two state-of-the-art data centres under first-class management. CORETX provides remote and onsite support to the IT team enabling greater flexibility that the internal team can focus on supporting the users and the strategic needs of the business.
CORETX's System Management Service enables Day Lewis Pharmacy to not only save time and money, but also to use the assigned capex budget for the Active Directory roll-out project, to undertake a complete desktop refresh. As result profits are up and Day Lewis continues to expand in a very competitive marketplace.


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The U.S. military says an aircraft carrier participated in curtailed training with Australia before starting its journey north toward the Korean Peninsula.
"We are with you 100 percent", he said, adding that the U.S.
The United States is not seeking to negotiate with North Korea and it is not in direct talks "at this time" with the rogue Asian nation, Vice President Mike Pence told CNN and the Washington Post Wednesday.
The Pacific Command statement said the Carl Vinson canceled a scheduled visit to Australia after leaving Singapore on April 8, but completed a shortened training exercise off northwestern Australia before heading north.
"Most concerning is the fact that the US trade deficit with South Korea has more than doubled since the KORUS came into effect".
Pence's advisers said the vice president would make the case to Abe and Aso that the US rejection of the Trans-Pacific Partnership, or TPP, under Trump does not signal a USA withdrawal from trade and economic development in the region.
Pence also said the USA would protect freedom of navigation in the South China Sea, the sea lanes vital to global shipping where China has been staking claim to disputed territory.
Approval ratings for Trump's performance, according to many recent polls, is at record lows for a new commander in chief, but Pence said he "couldn't be more proud" to be a part of the current administration.
The U.S. Pacific Command said in a statement Wednesday that the USS Carl Vinson strike group is heading to the western Pacific "as a prudent measure".
Vice President Mike Pence is meeting Indonesia's president and other top officials in Jakarta with trade and commercial disputes expected to be on the agenda. "That's the hard truth", Pence told the meeting.
Pence was having lunch with Abe at the prime minister's official residence after arriving in Japan earlier in the day for the second stop of a 10-day Asia tour. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has sought to expand Japan's defense role and capability in the face of North Korea's threat and China's increasing assertive maritime activity in the East and South China Seas. "We believe that through discussions and negotiations among nations apart from North Korea that we may well be able to bring the kind of economic and diplomatic pressure that would result in North Korea finally abandoning its nuclear ambitions and its ballistic missile program".


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Quick Facts
Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease in which your body is unable to maintain a normal blood sugar (glucose) level.
Care Guides
- Birth Control Facts about birth control to help decide which type is right for you.
- Lung Cancer Get lung cancer facts, including risk for developing it.
- Type 2 Diabetes Basic facts about type 2 diabetes & risk factors to be aware of.
- COPD The facts about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Chemotherapy A breakdown of the types of chemotherapy & potential side effects.
- Diabetic Macular Edema Facts about diabetic macular edema, including the different types.
- Flu Facts about influenza (flu), including symptoms and vaccines.
- GERD Get the facts about gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
- Lymphoma Lymphoma symptoms & the difference between Hodgkin's & Non-Hodgkin's.
- Menopause Facts about menopause, including the stages, symptoms, and types.
- View All Care Guides Prepare for your next visit with our extensive library of Care Guides
About Dr. Paul Chervenick
Dr. Paul Chervenick, MD is a Doctor primarily located in Tampa, FL. He has 52 years of experience. His specialties include Hematology and Internal Medicine. Dr. Chervenick is affiliated with Tampa General Hospital, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute and The Tampa General Hospital. He speaks English.
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Tampa, FL 33612
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Dr. Paul Chervenick has the following 2 specialties
- Hematology
A hematology specialist is an expert in disorders of the blood, the blood forming organs and bone marrow. These doctors diagnose, treat and work to prevent diseases that affect the production of blood and its components, as well as the ability...
- Internal Medicine
An internist is a physician who focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of conditions that affect the adult population—both acute and chronic.
These doctors are often who adults see as their primary physicians because they treat a broad...
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Dallas Cowboys Star Dangler Earrings
Accessorize your game day outfit with the Dallas Cowboys Star Dangler Earrings. These are one of our most popular products! Pair them with the Cowboys star necklace and you're ready for the game!
- 1/2" in diameter
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- Silver plated & navy enamel star charms
- Officially licensed NFL product
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- Alain Coletta, Colin Molter, +10 authors David Y. Weiss Solís
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Genomics datasets are increasingly useful for gaining biomedical insights, with adoption in the clinic underway. However, multiple hurdles related to data management stand in the way of their efficient large-scale utilization. The solution proposed is a web-based data storage hub. Having clear focus, flexibility and adaptability, InSilico DB seamlessly… (More)
- Manuel Corpas, Willy A. Valdivia-Granda, +16 authors Peter N. Robinson
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We describe the pioneering experience of a Spanish family pursuing the goal of understanding their own personal genetic data to the fullest possible extent using Direct to Consumer (DTC) tests. With full informed consent from the Corpas family, all genotype, exome and metagenome data from members of this family, are publicly available under a public domain… (More)
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Magi - The Kingdom of Magic: Season 2 - Part 1 Blu-ray
Starring Kaori Ishihara, Haruka Tomatsu
Directed by Kôji Masunari
The first 13 episodes from the second season of the Japanese anime directed by Kôji Masunari.
Events are set in a mythical past world where slavery remains in effect and towers of mysterious origin known as Dungeons are the currency of power.
The youthful Ali Baba (voice of Yuki Kaji) is tired of living at the mercy of the merchants who employ him and dreams of conquering many Dungeons to become a wealthy and powerful figure.
His prayers look set to be answered when he meets Aladdin (Kaori Ishihara), a curious boy who claims to possess supernatural powers.
Together, they look set to make a formidable team...
The episodes are: 'Premonition of a Journey', 'Departure', 'Setting Sail', 'Pirates', 'Mother', 'A Kind Person', 'Kouha Ren Appears', 'Days of Training', 'The Reim Empire', 'The High Priestess', 'The Great Rift', 'A New Emperor' and 'Titus Alexius'.
- Format: Blu-ray
- Region: B
- Certification: (12)
- Catalogue number: KBR768
- Studio: Manga Entertainment
- Release date: 05/10/2015
- Genre: Unclassified
- Colour: Colour
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1939 Embassy Bouquet Silver Plate Flatware 100pcs.
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- Source: eBay
For auction are 100 pcs of 1939 vintage Embassy Silver Plate flatware. The pattern is Bouquet per Silverplated Flatware Revised 4th Edition by Tere Hagan page 47. T are 22 spoons, 14 forks, 11 salad forks, 16 appetizer forks, 12 soup spoons,14 butter knives, 2 lg serving forks, 2 lg serving spoons, 3 regular knives, 6 tee spoons. They do need a good polishing and some may need replated.. The case is scratched from use and has a crack on the top. Please look at our Store for many more wonderful items. Sorry but we do not ship outside the United States. Also, if shipping is to Alaska, Hawaii or a P.O. Box the shipping costs may be different than quoted


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Features Single Family
|Total # of Rooms: 6
|Garage Size: 2.5
|Garage Type: Attached
|Body of Water:
|Subdivision: Wuestenhagen Heights
|Total Est Sq Ft: 1,340
|Est Year Built: 1971
|Lot Size: 1.39
|School District: Howards-Grove
|High School: Howards Grove High
|Middle School: Howards Grove Middle
|Elementary School: Howards Grove Elem.
|Zoning: Residental
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The new eastern span of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge has another bolt problem - this one involving the bicycle path. Marianne Favro toured the bridge this morning to see how Caltrans already fixed the problem.
Published at 11:24 AM PDT on May 29, 2013 | Updated at 12:06 PM PDT on May 29, 2013


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Tag Archives: Bank of America Debt
March 2015 Debt Update
Here is my March 2015 Debt Update. Copy: | Create infographics My total debt went down from $72,194.17 to $71,953.81. That was a $240.36 decrease. Last month's decrease was much bigger. I'm not worried though. Here are the breakdowns: Loan 2 … Continue reading


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I spent a few days last week at the World Social Forum in Belem, at the mouth of the Amazon River. The importance of the rainforests was one of the reasons the Amazon region was selected as the venue for this year's Forum. At the Forum I attended a Climate Change workshop where Brazil's Minister of the Environment, Minc, announced that the government is cracking down on deforestation by forbidding the export of soy and beef from areas that have been cleared, and by closing the huge sawmills and auctioning off the lumber so that the owners receive none of the profit. I can't say that I totally trust the Brazilian government, or any other, to follow through with such promises, but it's certainly an improvement to have the government indicate its concern so proactively.
Another speaker at the Climate Change Workshop said that it's time for Brazil to catch up with Great Britain, which is the leader in initiatives to fight global warming. Here are some words from one of that country's leaders:
"Britain's Prince Charles called yesterday for the world to act with a 'sense of wartime urgency' to protect the rainforests, warning that they were 'umbilically connected' to the phenomenon of climate change. The heir to the British throne says rainforests 'are the world's lifebelt', acting as the 'world's air conditioning system' and helping store the largest body of flowing water on the planet. Such ambitious, ecologically-based policy is welcome from the nation that unleashed industrialism."
From Earth's Newsdesk (http://ecoearth.info/newsdesk/) Sept. 11, 2008


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Kildare man 'burgled 20 homes, shops and youth club in crime spree across Northern Ireland', court told
An alleged burglar accused of 20 separate incidents in a 72-hour crime spree has four different aliases, the High Court heard today.
John Connors was allegedly part of a two-man team who ransacked homes, commercial premises and a youth club in Co Down, prosecutors said.
Four elderly women were said to be among those targeted by the raiders.
Connors, from Laire in Kilcock, Co Kildare, was arrested with his co-accused after police stopped a 4x4 vehicle towing a caravan allegedly stolen from one property.
The 35-year-old farm labourer faces a total of 30 charges, including multiple counts of burglary, attempted theft, going equipped for theft and possession of an offensive weapon.
He was refused bail due to the risk of further offences being committed.
Connors was detained in Rostrevor on January 23.
A previous court heard the charges against him relate to 20 different reports to police in the three days up to his arrest.
In one alleged break-in at Killeavy a purse containing £75 was stolen from the home of an 80-year-old woman.
The same day another pensioner of the same age had her house at Hilltown ransacked while she was out, taking her credit union book.
Another pensioner in Rostrevor had approximately £900 stolen.
Within 24 hours a lady in her late 70s was said to have confronted an intruder, striking him on the head after he came through her front door in Annalong.
Other domestic burglaries and attempted thefts were carried out in Newcastle, Saintfield, Banbridge, Katesbridge and Ballynahinch, the court heard.
Electronic equipment including a laptop, camera, iPod and iPhone were all taken.
A youth club in Kilkeel had Playstation and Xbox games consoles stolen from it, according to the prosecution.
Those systems were recovered from the 4x4 towing the caravan stolen in Rostrevor.
Opposing Connors' latest bid to be released, prosecution counsel claimed today: "The applicant has two aliases in England and two aliases in Northern Ireland."
She also argued that he has no ties to the jurisdiction.
Joe Brolly, defending, argued that there is no evidence linking Connors to 26 of the offences.
The barrister contended that his client was a drunken passenger when the 4x4 was stopped by police.
"There's no DNA evidence, no fingerprint evidence of any kind, and no witness identifies him," Mr Brolly added.
But refusing the application, Mr Justice Weir said: "It seems to me there's a well-developed concern if admitted to bail he would commit further offences."
Belfast Telegraph Digital


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Kansas Suspect, 48, Charged - Roy E Hannon of Topeka
According to documents obtained on Saturday, April 28th, 2012, Kansas officials have busted Roy Edward Hannon of 48 years age.
Public records analyzed by MobileMugs show that the suspect, Hannon, was busted on Thursday, February 9th, 2012. Hannon has allegedly been charged with a single offense. Investigation conducted by MobileMugs show Roy Hannon may have been arrested at least 1 other time.
Hannon was described as a suspect of 48 years age. MobileMugs will update this story as more information becomes available.
Every effort has been made to ensure the integrity of these data, however, MobileMugs makes no claims of guarantee surrounding the accuracy of such alleged facts, as Roy Hannon is to be considered innocent until proven guilty in a court of law. Last updated on .
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by Keisha N. Jackson
As health care costs continue to rise, many employers are
considering creative solutions for keeping costs low without drastically
changing the benefits offered to active employees. Active employees who
have spouses on Medicare or who are themselves eligible for Medicare may have
become more attractive in the cost-benefit analysis done by
employers. Some employers report rate jumps of an average of 25%
per year in the past four years for Medicare eligible spouses of active
employees. But, don't be fooled. Employers must resist the
temptation to treat Medicare eligible active employees and/or their spouses
differently than non-Medicare eligible active employees and
There is no legal way to remove just Medicare eligible
spouses of active employees from an employer group plan or to have Medicare pay
as the primary insurer for those individuals. The Medicare Secondary
Payer statute (MSP) 42 U.S.C. §1395y was specifically enacted in 2003 to ensure
that Medicare benefits are secondary to employer plans when dealing with
non-retirees. In the context of Medicare, a primary plan is defined as "a
group health plan or large group health plan, a workers' compensation law or
plan, an automobile or liability insurance policy or plan (including a
self-insured plan), or no-fault insurance." The MSP does not allow
Medicare payment for services for which it can reasonably be expected that
payment will be made under a group health plan. Medicare's designation as
the secondary insurer is upheld even if state law or the group health plan
states that its benefits are secondary to Medicare. The statute does
exclude group health plans of small employers. Small employers are
defined by the statute as having less than twenty (20) employees for each
working day in each of twenty or more calendar weeks in the current calendar
year or the proceeding calendar year. As you've probably guessed,
the purpose of the MSP was to reduce federal health care costs by shifting the
burden of primary coverage from Medicare to private insurance carriers.
The MSP has an anti-discrimination clause to protect
actively working Medicare eligible individuals from receiving less coverage
than their non-eligible coworkers. The clause states that "a group health
plan may not take into account that an individual or spouse who is covered
under the plan by virtue of the individual's current employment status with an
employer is entitled to [Medicare] benefits." 42 U.S.C. §1395y (2013).
Therefore, employers are not allowed to offer Medicare-eligible employees
reduced coverage while offering comprehensive coverage to other
employees. Additionally, the MSP does not allow an employer group plan to
take into account that an employee's age entitles him to Medicare
benefits. This prevents group plans from "carving out" expenses covered
by Medicare, effectually making the plan's coverage primary to Medicare.
However, if those employees who are eligible for Medicare
choose to opt out of the employer group health plan, then Medicare will become
the primary insurer. Employers that have employees who choose to opt out
of the group health plan need to be very careful not to provide opt out
incentives for Medicare eligible employees. The MSP statute can impose a
$5,000 penalty per individual against any employer found to offer financial
incentives for Medicare eligible individuals to opt out of their group health
plan. Employers cannot reduce the costs of group health plans by singling
out Medicare eligible individuals (active employees or spouses of same) for less
comprehensive benefits due to Medicare eligibility. What this means is
that employers will need to look elsewhere for solutions to rising health care
Copyright © 2013 Steptoe & Johnson PLLC. All rights
This Blog has been prepared by
Steptoe & Johnson PLLC for informational purposes only and the content
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online readers should not act upon the information contained herein without
seeking professional counsel. Do not send information to us until you speak
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WE bring you everything you need to know about the Rugby Championship clash between the Wallabies and Springboks at Suncorp Stadium.
WHAT, WHERE AND WHEN: Wallabies v Springboks, Suncorp Stadium in Brisbane at 8pm (AEST) Saturday
FORM GUIDE: Wallabies LLLWL, Springboks WWWWW
MATCH ODDS: (sportingbet.com.au) Australia $1.60, South Africa $2.36
After opening the Ewen McKenzie era with back-to-back losses to the best team in the world, the All Blacks, the Wallabies turn their attention to a side with the hottest winning streak in international rugby, the Springboks. Australia is desperate for a win and can take some confidence in the fact that this game is at Suncorp Stadium, where they have a perfect seven wins from seven clashes with the Boks. South Africa, meanwhile, has kicked off its Rugby Championship campaign with consecutive wins over Argentina - one emphatic, one less than impressive. The Boks are coming off nine straight victories all up (dating back to November) and surely must fancy their chances of a breakthrough Brisbane triumph.
KEY MATCH-UPS: Quade Cooper v Morne Steyn
They may be polar opposites in the way they approach the game but such is the degree of their respective talents, the influence of Quade Cooper and Morne Steyn hold equal value. One of the mainstays of Springboks rugby of the past few seasons, Steyn has long been the key component of South Africa's play with his right boot the dominant force. The Springboks are unlikely to vary from that gameplan this weekend, meaning Israel Folau will spend much of the night looking towards the heavens. Cooper, on the other hand, hasn't enjoyed the positional security afforded his rival for a variety of reasons but finds himself back in the playmaking hotseat this weekend. Wallabies coach Ewen McKenzie has backed Cooper to move a typically-huge Boks pack around the park and given the conditions should be perfect for running rugby, the Wallabies could well resemble McKenzie's former employers - the Reds.
Israel Folau v Zane Kirchner
McKenzie has also (seemingly) answered the plea of Wallabies fans to get Izzy more involved, switching his star attacking weapon from the wing to fullback where he is set to see plenty of action thanks to South Africa's expected kick-happy tactics. Folau has spoken of his desire to play in the No.15 jersey for Australia and gets his chance at a ground he knows well, having starred at Suncorp Stadium on many occasions for the Brisbane Broncos and Queensland's State of Origin side. At the opposite end of the field is Kirchner, whose selection at fullback coach Heyneke Meyer has had to defend given it resulted in the exciting Willie le Roux being switched to the wing. Viewed as the more conservative option, Meyer insists Kirchner is a try-scoring threat and ''can offer us a lot on attack''.
Rob Simmons/Kane Douglas v Flip van der Merwe/Eben Etzebeth
The loss of skipper James Horwill is a massive blow for the Wallabies, and piles the pressure on locks Rob Simmons and Kane Douglas. South Africa's strength lies in its powerful pack, and the likes of twin towers van der Merwe and the impressive Etzebeth will be expected to lead the way - especially in set-piece play. While the Wallabies will miss Horwill's experience and smarts, former Australian captain Nathan Sharpe says Simmons and Douglas can step up and fill the void. And he says Douglas in particular is built to play the Boks, because ''he's a big guy and he likes to bash guys in defence''.
Quade Cooper's selection at flyhalf has sparked plenty of reaction, but there's one undisputed thing the talented No.10 has in his favour for this weekend - the numbers. Fox Sports Stats reveals Cooper has a perfect four-from-four record in Tests at Suncorp Stadium, having been overlooked for the Wallabies' most recent game at the venue, June's loss to the British and Irish Lions. With the Queensland Reds, Cooper has won 23 of his past 26 matches at Suncorp Stadium. He is also seven-from-nine against the Springboks including winning the past five straight.
Another Suncorp Stadium star is Will Genia, the stand-in Wallabies captain following James Horwill's injury-enforced withdrawal. Genia has scored three tries in his past four Tests at the venue.
The Springboks might have a bad Brisbane record, but they have won their past four games outside outside of South Africa and are looking to make it five consecutive away wins for the first time since 1997-98.
"If you're the South African, New Zealand or Australian coach, you're always under pressure, the team's always under pressure. They will want to lift themselves. It will be very physical and I think it will be very fast. It will be a very quick Test match." - South Africa coach Heyneke Meyer
"We have very specific thoughts about how we want to play this game and feel Quade is best suited to carrying that out. He's been part of our matchday squad in both games so far but his role now changes from being a finisher to starting the game. We feel that role will suit how we want to play." - Australia coach Ewen McKenzie
Originally published as Preview: Wallabies v Springboks


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Hephaestin (Hp) is a membrane protein with ferroxidase activity that converts Fe(II) to Fe(III) during the absorption of nutritional iron in the gut. Using anti-peptide antibodies to predicted immunogenic regions of rodent Hp, previous immunocytochemical studies in rat, mouse, and human gut tissues localized Hp to the basolateral membranes of the duodenal enterocytes where the Hp was predicted to aid in the transfer of Fe(III) to transferrin in the blood. We used a recombinant soluble form of human Hp to obtain a high-titer polyclonal antibody to Hp. This antibody was used to identify the intracellular location of Hp in human gut tissue. Our immunocytochemical studies confirmed the previous localization of Hp in human enterocytes. However, we also localized Hp to the entire length of the gastrointestinal tract, the antral portion of the stomach, and to the enteric nervous system (both the myenteric and submucous plexi). Hp was also localized to human pancreatic β-cells. In addition to its expression in the same cells as Hp, ferroportin was also localized to the ductal cells of the exocrine pancreas. The localization of the ferroxidase Hp to the neuronal plexi and the pancreatic β cells suggests a role for the enzymatic function of Hp in the protection of these specialized cell types from oxidative damage.
- ferroportin 1
- immunocytochemistry
- Western blot analysis
dietary iron absorption occurs in the proximal small intestine by specialized epithelial cells called duodenal enterocytes. The mechanisms for inorganic iron uptake allow for both Fe(II) and Fe(III) to be transported into the enterocyte. McKie et al. (35) have demonstrated that an intestinal ferrireductase (DCytB) reduces Fe(III) to Fe(II), thereby allowing the Fe(II) to be transported into the cell by the apical transmembrane protein divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT-1) (14, 19, 20). If more iron is absorbed into the enterocyte than required, the excess iron is stored in the iron storage protein ferritin until needed or until the enterocyte dies, at which time the stored iron will be lost in the feces.
Absorbed dietary iron must be transported across the enterocyte, perhaps by transcytosis (31) or by a currently unidentified iron chaperone, and exported out of the cell and into blood. The integral membrane protein ferroportin 1 (Fpn1) is located on the basolateral enterocyte membrane and exports ferrous iron from the intestine (15, 34). Once in the blood, the iron is bound by the plasma iron transport protein, apotransferrin. Transferrin does not bind Fe(II); hence, a ferroxidase activity on the basolateral membrane surface appears to be essential for the transfer of iron from the gut mucosa to blood (for a review, see Ref. 38).
A candidate protein for the intestinal ferroxidase activity arose from two discoveries. First, a mouse mutant was described in 1962 that exhibited an X-linked, recessive hypochromic, microcytic anemia. The gene responsible for this disorder was called sex-linked anemia or sla (12). Subsequent studies showed that the anemia could be corrected by intraperitoneal delivery of Fe(II) but not by ingested iron (5) and that the sla mutation involved a defect in the transport of iron from the enterocyte to the blood plasma (11, 33). The second discovery arose from genome sequencing projects in which a ceruloplasmin (Cp) homolog was identified on the mouse (47) and human (45) X chromosomes. The predicted polypeptide shared 50% sequence identity with Cp and was called hephaestin (Hp). Evidence supporting a role for Hp as the cause of the murine hypochromic, microcytic anemia came from the identification of a 582 nucleotide deletion in the hp mRNA in the sla mouse (47).
Like Cp, Hp is predicted to have six domains forming a pseudo-threefold axis (45). However, unlike Cp (a soluble plasma protein), Hp has an additional 86 amino acids at the COOH-terminus that include a predicted transmembrane domain and a short cytosolic tail. With the exception of the axial type 1 ligand in domain 2, all residues involved in the types 1, 2, and 3 copper binding sites as well as cysteinyl residues involved in disulfide bond formation in Cp are conserved in Hp (45).
The predicted amino acid sequences of human, mouse, and rat Hp were used to identify common peptides in the cytosolic tail of Hp. Various forms of these peptides were synthesized and used to produce antibodies (24, 49). These anti-peptide antibodies were then used to identify the location of Hp in gut tissue from rat and mouse (16, 30) and human cancer cell lines (24, 30) and to confirm that mouse enterocyte membranes contain a protein with ferroxidase activity that comigrates with Hp during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (8). Initial immunofluorescence studies localized Hp to the duodenal enterocytes of rat, mouse, and human gut (6, 16, 30) Unfortunately, the antibodies used in these studies recognize an epitope distinct from the functional portion of the protein, which is situated on the opposite side of the membrane from the cytosolic tail. The localization of the human Hp ectodomain within cells and tissues remains to be resolved. Furthermore, although it is generally agreed that Hp is oriented extracellularly, several studies have localized Hp within the intracellular environment (30, 44). This introduces the possibility for unknown and novel functions for Hp in humans.
To study the function of Hp, we expressed recombinant human Hp by cloning Hp cDNA from human duodenal tissue and replaced the putative membrane-binding region at the COOH-terminus with a 1D4 affinity purification tag (18). The resulting recombinant soluble human Hp (rHp) was characterized by various physical-chemical techniques and enzymology and was found to be a multicopper ferroxidase of Mr ∼129,600 (18).
In the present study, we have generated a rabbit polyclonal antibody against purified rHp. We show localization of the complete functional domain of human Hp by immunocytochemistry in human tissue samples of the stomach, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and pancreas.
Polyclonal antibody production.
Ethics approval for antibody production in rabbits was obtained from the University of British Columbia (UBC) Research Ethics Board and Animal Care Committee. Two female adult New Zealand White rabbits were used for antibody generation. Prior to immunization, blood was collected from each rabbit for later use as a preimmune serum. rHp was expressed and purified as described previously (18). The priming immunization consisted of an emulsion of equal parts complete Freund's adjuvant and purified human rHp [0.5 mg/ml in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)]. Rabbits were injected subcutaneously with a Freund's adjuvant/rHp emulsion with subsequent immunizations every 2 wk. At the end of the study, rabbits were exsanguinated and serum was prepared. Antibody titers were tested and the sera were stored in aliquots at 4°C, −20°C, and −70°C.
Ethics approval for specimen collection was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee administered by both UBC and the Vancouver Coastal Health Authority. Human tissue samples were fixed in Bouin's solution for 2 h, dehydrated, and embedded in wax. Full thickness tissue sections (5 μm) were cut and mounted on glass slides. Sections were dewaxed in xylene, cleared in petroleum ether, incubated with 1% sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) in PBS (pH 7.4) for 5 min (as an antigen retrieval technique), then washed three times for 5 min each in PBS. The relevant sections were incubated in a solution of glycine and NH4Cl (50 mM each) for 15 min to block endogenous fluorescence or in 3% H2O2 for 5 min to block endogenous peroxidase. Nonspecific binding was blocked by incubation with 10% normal horse serum in PBS for a minimum of 1 h. Tissue sections were incubated overnight at 4°C with the following antibodies and dilutions: Hp (rabbit; 1:1,000), insulin (mouse monoclonal, Meridian Life Science, Saco, ME; 1:2,000), glucagon (mouse monoclonal; Sigma, MO; 1:6,000), somatostatin (mouse monoclonal; Ref. 7; 1:2,000) and Fpn1 (rabbit; a kind gift from Dr. Kaplan, University of Utah; Ref. 1). Bound rabbit antibodies were localized by using a biotin-conjugated goat-anti-rabbit IgG (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA; 1:1,000) followed by incubation with DyLight 488-conjugated streptavidin (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, West Grove, PA; 1:2,000). Bound monoclonal antibodies were localized by incubation with Alexa Fluor 594-conjugated-anti-mouse IgG (Molecular Probes, Invitrogen, Burlington, ON, Canada; 1:2,000). Sections were incubated with the second and third layers for 1 h at room temperature. Some sections incubated with Hp and Fpn1 antibodies were localized by the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method (Vector Laboratories). The peroxidase reaction was developed with diaminobenzidene according to manufacturer's directions (Vector Laboratories). Negative controls consisted of preimmune serum (same dilution as the primary antibody) and omission of the primary antibody. Stained sections were examined with a Leica microscope equipped with epifluorescence. Images were acquired by use of a Retiga EXi camera (Qimaging, Surrey, BC, Canada) and Improvision Openlab software (Version 4.0.2, Improvision, Waltham, MA).
A sample of human islet cDNA was generously provided by Dr. Jim Johnson of the Diabetes Research Group, Life Sciences Institute, UBC. Primer pair sequences are as follows: Hp forward primer 5′-GCTGAGATGGTGCCCTGGGAACC-3′, reverse primer 5′-CCCAGGATTCCAAGATGCCTATCT-3′; Fpn1 forward primer 5′-ATGACCAGGGCGGGAGAT-3′, reverse primer 5′-CCCATCCATCTCGGAAGGTA-3′; insulin forward primer 5′-AGCCTTTGTGAACCAACACC-3′, reverse primer 5′-GTCGGTAGAGGGAGCAGATG-3′. Hp and Fpn1 primer pairs span an intron to differentiate whether a PCR product is amplified from genomic DNA or cDNA. Product sizes of 374 base pairs (bp) for Hp and 898 bp for Fpn1 reflect priming from cDNA. The product size of the insulin PCR fragment is 245 bp.
Preparation and Western blotting of duodenal mucosal cell lysate.
Human duodenum was obtained from operative resection specimens. The tissue was selected from a patient who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for pathological conditions that would allow unaltered assessment of the tissues to be studied, i.e., no malignancy nor comorbid GI pathology. The mucosa of the duodenum sample was scraped with a glass slide and the resulting tissue (30 mg) was lysed in RIPA buffer (25 mM Tris · HCl pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 1% Nonidet P-40, 1% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS) containing 1× protease inhibitor cocktail (Complete, Roche, Mannheim, Germany). Pure Cp for the Western blot was obtained from Vital Products (Boynton Beach, FL), and pure rHp was produced as previously described (18). Proteins were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. Membranes were blocked overnight in 0.05% Tween in Tris-buffered saline, pH 7.5, containing 2% nonfat milk powder. The anti-Hp antibody (1:25,000) and the horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG (Sigma, 1:50,000) were incubated with the membrane for 1 h each at room temperature. Bound antibodies were visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence (GE Healthcare).
Polyclonal antibody raised against a soluble, recombinant form of human Hp.
To date, our laboratory is the only group to have expressed a recombinant, soluble form of human Hp (18). By using pure rHp as the antigen, a polyclonal antibody (α-rHp) was generated in rabbits. This is the first polyclonal antibody that specifically recognizes the complete functional ectodomain of Hp. Antibody specificity and titer were verified by Western blot analysis (Fig. 1). Because the rHp used as an antigen contained the 1D4 affinity tag, there was a possibility that the polyclonal antibodies might be dominated by antibodies recognizing this highly antigenic 1D4 fusion tag. To address this issue, the antibody was tested for reactivity against the rHp ectodomain before and after removal of the 1D4 tag by factor Xa. Western blot analysis showed that the α-rHp recognized the rHp before and after cleavage of the 1D4 tag (Fig. 1A, lanes 1 and 2). In contrast, an antibody to the 1D4 tag recognized the rHp prior to factor Xa cleavage but not after the 1D4 tag had been removed (Fig. 1A, lanes 3 and 4). We concluded that the α-rHp antibody predominantly recognized the rHp and not the 1D4 affinity tag.
Because of the ∼50% sequence identity between Hp and Cp, we also wanted to exclude the possibility that the α-rHp antibody cross-reacted with Cp. Figure 1B shows 2-μg aliquots of purified rHp and Cp subjected to SDS-PAGE and stained with Coomassie blue. The expected single band of ∼Mr 150 kDa was found for rHp, whereas Cp showed a dominant band with some minor proteolysis as is often observed with plasma-derived Cp (46). When diluted aliquots of rHp and Cp were subjected to SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis, the α-rHp antibody did not detect Cp in the range of 100–500 ng (Fig. 1B, lanes 2 and 4); however, the α-rHp antibodies were able to detect rHp at concentrations of 100 and 500 ng (lanes 1 and 3). We concluded that cross-reaction between the α-rHp antibody and human Cp is negligible.
The α-rHp antibody was also tested for specificity using whole cell extracts from human duodenal mucosa. A protein the same size as Hp (approximate molecular mass of 150 kDa) and some smaller proteins assumed to be degradation products were detected by the α-rHp antibody (Fig. 1C). As shown in Fig. 1C, the α-rHp antibodies were of high affinity and could be diluted to 1:25,000 while detecting 100 ng of rHp by Western blot analysis.
Hp and Fpn1 are expressed throughout the GI tract.
As shown in Fig. 2, Hp was present in human primary enterocytes in the duodenum and was localized at or very close to the basolateral membrane (Fig. 2A). Controls using α-rHp antibody preabsorbed with excess rHp (1 μM) or preimmune serum confirmed the specificity of the α-rHp antibody and the absence of preexisting specific antibodies in the rabbit serum (Fig. 2B). Hp immunoreactivity (Hp-IR) was also found in the mature enterocytes of the jejunum, ileum (Fig. 3, A and B), and colon (not shown). Very little if any Hp staining was observed in the crypt regions of the mucosa. We also investigated Hp expression in the antral portion of the stomach, a tissue not previously found to express Hp. Hp was present on the basolateral membranes of antral mucosal cells (Fig. 3C).
Apart from its expression in mature enterocytes (Fig. 4A), Fpn-IR was observed in Brunner's glands (submucosal glands that secrete alkaline fluid into the duodenum) (Fig. 4B) and crypts of the jejunum and ileum (Fig. 4C). In some cases, the intracellular location of Fpn1 differed from that of Hp with Fpn-IR being found in a subapical location in some duodenal enterocytes and mucosal cells of the antrum (Fig. 4D).
Hp and Fpn1 are expressed in enteric nerves.
Interestingly, Hp-IR and Fpn-IR were also found in some of the cells bodies of the submucous plexus and myenteric plexus (SMP and MYP, respectively); see Fig. 5. These plexi represent two nerve networks that run the entire length of the gut, one just under the mucosa (SMP) and the other between the outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle layers (MYP). Hp-IR in the SMP and MYP was observed not only in the duodenum, but also in the jejunum and ileum (Fig. 5). Unlike the villi, where the Hp-IR is restricted to the basolateral membrane region of the cell, Hp-IR and Fpn-IR in the nerve cell bodies are found in an intracellular location (Fig. 5).
Colocalization of Hp and insulin in pancreatic β-cells.
An unexpected finding was that Hp is expressed by pancreatic islets (Fig. 6). Colocalization of insulin and Hp showed that Hp is confined to the β-cells (Fig. 6, A and B). An individual islet is shown at a higher magnification in Fig. 6, C and D further confirming the colocalization of Hp and insulin. Double labeling of pancreas sections indicated that somatostatin-containing δ-cells and glucagon-containing α-cells did not express Hp (not shown). The staining is intracellular and the punctate pattern suggests a location in the secretory granules of β-cells. Fpn-IR was also observed in the pancreas (Fig. 7). Very faint staining was observed in the pancreatic islets (Fig. 7A), but much stronger staining was observed in what appear to be macrophage/dendritic cells within the endocrine and exocrine pancreas (Fig. 7B). In addition, Fpn1 is expressed by pancreatic duct cells in the plasma membrane. These immunocytochemistry results were verified by RT-PCR, demonstrating mRNA expression for both Hp and Fpn1 in human islets (Fig. 8).
Previous investigation into the localization of Hp has always involved the use of antibodies generated against a short peptide sequence in the cytoplasmic region of Hp (16, 24, 30, 49). In the present study, we generated a polyclonal α-rHp antibody using purified rHp as the antigen. The expression of Hp in primary mature enterocytes in the human gut and its location in the basolateral membranes of the enterocytes is in agreement with a previous study involving an immortalized human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (24). Hp has previously been localized to the duodenum and colon in mouse tissue (47), to normal and cancerous human colon (6), and to rat duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon (49); however, identification of Hp in human jejunum and ileum has not been reported. In the rat, Hp-IR has been reported along the entire small and large intestine but only in a supranuclear location (16). In mouse primary enterocytes, Hp-IR was first found in a supranuclear location but more sensitive immunocytochemical techniques revealed Hp-IR in the lateral portion of the membrane (30). Kuo et al. (30) also reported Hp in a supranuclear location in two nonhuman kidney cell lines (MDCK and Cos7) and a human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line (HT29). We did not observe Hp in a supranuclear location. These discrepancies could be related to species differences and/or differences between normal and transformed cells or to differences in the antibodies used.
Contrary to studies in the rat where Hp was not expressed in the stomach (16), strong staining was found in the upper glands of the antral portion of the stomach. The staining pattern is the same as that found in the basolateral membrane of duodenal enterocytes. This finding was unexpected since very few substances are absorbed by the mucosa of the stomach. It is not known whether the corpus epithelial cells also express Hp. It has recently been suggested that iron absorption may occur not predominantly in the duodenal enterocytes as previously thought, but along the entire small and large intestine (6). However, the stomach has never been considered a tissue involved in iron absorption, suggesting an alternative role for Hp at these sites; as a result, the stomach has received less scrutiny when localizing proteins involved in iron metabolism. However, the non-iron-responsive element isoform of the DMT1 gene is expressed in the antral portion of the rat stomach (16), and both the iron-responsive and non-iron-responsive genes are expressed in the mouse stomach (26). Since these studies only examined mRNA expression, the cellular distribution of DMT1 (apical membrane vs. intracellular) could not be determined. The stomach, therefore, may be another site of iron absorption, or perhaps the epithelial cells of the antral mucosa participate in a bacteriostatic function by reducing the amount of iron in the stomach. Indeed, a major role of acid in the stomach is to act as a bacteriostat. Iron in the acid environment of the stomach lumen would be in the form of Fe(III), necessitating a reductase in order for DMT1 to transport iron into the cell. Fpn in the antrum was found in an intracellular location. This raises the possibility that it may be involved in movement of intracellular iron into or out of various intracellular compartments. Conversely, it could represent internalized and ubiquitinated Fpn1 that is targeted for destruction. Electron microscopy could pinpoint the exact intracellular location of Fpn1.
The finding of Hp expression in enteric nerves has not been reported previously, although the Hp homolog Cp is expressed in astrocytes and neurons of the central nervous system (CNS) (27, 37). In addition, Hp and Fpn1 have now been identified together in different cell types including neurons in numerous parts of the brain (48). The role of glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored Cp in the CNS is not well understood but it is believed to function in both neuronal iron efflux or influx (41). It is tempting to propose a similar function for Hp; however, neither Hp nor Fpn1 is localized to the plasma membrane in enteric neurons. This is in agreement with other studies involving rat brain neurons of the substantia nigra, which have a similar intracellular staining pattern (48). Because the single gene for Hp contains a signal sequence that directs the growing polypeptide to pass into the endoplasmic reticulum (45), the Hp staining pattern observed in the present study probably reflects membrane-bound Hp rather than soluble Hp in the cytoplasm (to date, there is no evidence for a soluble form of Hp).
An increased need for iron regulation in neurons due to the high energy requirement of the CNS could explain the requirement for multiple membrane-bound and intracellular ferroxidases. Thus it is not surprising that a ferroxidase is expressed by neurons in the peripheral nervous system. In addition, neurons contain large cell bodies that are susceptible to free radical damage as a result of their elevated metabolic rates and poor antioxidant defense (42). Hp was first reported to have an alternate function in addition to iron absorption when it was localized to the Muller glia and the retinal pigment epithelium and shown to play a critical role in CNS iron homeostasis (23). Thus mice deficient in both Hp and Cp are prone to age-dependent retinal neurodegeneration (23). It is not clear why Cp and Hp would both be required to fulfill the same apparent enzymatic function. One hypothesis to account for the functional redundancy is that it may be due to regulatory differences in expression between the ferroxidases. It has been shown that both Cp (36) and Fpn1 (22) are upregulated in response to serum iron deficiency through a negative-response feedback mechanism, thereby restoring systemic iron levels to normal. In contrast, Hp expression is not regulated in response to variations in iron status in duodenum (2, 3) or brain (40) but instead is maintained at a steady expression level. The constitutive expression of Hp in these locations may serve as protection against the potential damaging effects caused by iron overload.
It is becoming apparent that there is a correlation between glucose and iron metabolism (13). Hp and Fpn1 expression in pancreatic islets is perhaps not so surprising in light of the recent discovery that human and rat β-cells also express hepcidin (29). Hepcidin is located in the insulin secretory granules and therefore would be cosecreted with insulin in response to glucose (29), indicating a role for the β-cell in both iron and glucose metabolism. Iron-overload disorders such as hemochromotosis and aceruloplasminemia are frequently accompanied by insulin deficiency, thought to be secondary to the iron overload (9). In many cases, individuals with these disorders develop diabetes mellitus as the β-cells of the islets accumulate excessive iron. This may be explained by the fact that β-cells express high levels of DMT1 (4, 28) and very large amounts of (apo)ferritin [even greater than the liver, which is considered to be a major iron storage tissue (32)]. Messenger RNA levels for the heavy (H) ferritin in the β-cell are responsive to increasing glucose concentrations (32). As β-cell zinc levels are 2,000 times that of iron, the high levels of ferritin may serve as a buffer, protecting the β-cell from zinc toxicity. However, in pathological conditions of iron overload, the iron binding capacity of the β-cell ferritin is probably insufficient to avoid the excess iron being toxic to the cell (32). Iron can induce free radical generation, and β-cells are particularly sensitive to oxidative damage since they have very low levels of free radical scavengers (17). The heavy (H) chain of ferritin specifically enhances the ferroxidase activity of Cp (21); this is the same ferritin chain that is preferentially expressed by β-cells. In the β-cell, Hp may catalyze the oxidation and incorporation of iron into ferritin, thereby minimizing the concentrations of toxic ferrous ions. The iron requirement of the β-cell may be higher than other cells owing to its high rate of glucose metabolism, which, unlike in other cells, increases in direct proportion to increasing plasma glucose levels. In fact, it is the metabolism of glucose and the consequent increase in ATP levels that provides the signal for glucose-induced insulin secretion (25).
In mammals both glucose and iron circulating levels are maintained within a very narrow range (∼4–8 mM for glucose and ∼10–30 μM for iron). The pancreas receives the first pass of blood directly from the gut, so iron- and glucose-sensing β-cells are in a prime location to function as sensors of nutrient absorption. This may provide a mechanism for very precise regulation of iron levels in the body, since excess iron cannot be excreted. The question still remains as to whether Hp is functioning as a ferroxidase in these locations. Interestingly, Fpn1 is expressed in the membrane of pancreatic ductal epithelial cells. These cells are responsible for secreting water and bicarbonate ions that buffer the acidity of gastric secretions in the duodenum and provide an optimal pH for digestive enzymes to function (43). Secretion occurs via an anion exchanger: SLC26, a member of the SLC superfamily of membrane transport proteins that includes Fpn1 (SLC40a1) (10). The physiological function of Fpn1 in the pancreatic duct cells remains to be elucidated.
Most of the previous work on the localization of Hp has been performed on animal tissues and immortal cell lines and human cell lines. This study examined the expression of Hp in normal human stomach, GI tract, and pancreas. It is evident that further studies are required to explain possible novel functions of Hp. In the last few years, Hp has been localized to the retinal pigment epithelium of the mouse CNS (23) as well as various regions of rat brain and heart (39, 40, 48). It is becoming clear that the membrane-bound ferroxidase Hp plays a role in iron metabolism well outside the realm of intestinal iron absorption.
This work was supported by a grant from the Canadian Blood Services-Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Blood Utilization and Conservation Initiative (to R. T. A. MacGillivray) and an Infrastructure grant from the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (to the Center for Blood Research-Laboratory of molecular Biophysics). D. M. Hudson and A. Y. K. Wong were supported by Graduate Research Fellowships from Canadian Blood Services. T. A. M. Griffiths was supported in part by a Graduate Fellowship from the Strategic Training Program in Transfusion Science funded by CIHR and the Heart & Stroke Foundation of Canada.
No conflicts of interest are declared by the author(s).
- Copyright © 2010 the American Physiological Society


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Discussion in 'Android Devices' started by iamloco724, Feb 17, 2010.
What should cpu temp max be i just hit 42c while at 1.1
I am running at 1.2GHz and have not gone over 40•C. And that's only when I can noticebly feel the battery area is abnormally warmer.
Running @ 1.2ghz for a few days now I notice my average temps are 30-35
At what temp does your proc start to cook
Your battery states on the cover not to exceed 60c. I personally have my failsafe set for 50.4 just an arbitrary number nothing scientific about that.
I would say over 50 and your pushing your luck. Then again Im just careful.
This sounds pretty good. Hottest I noticed it was 37C, and I was with some pretty substantial usage.
the cpu temp readings with sholes rom seem to be flaky..it doesnt update as often as its set to for me
Right now I am running BB0.7.5 with my cpu at 1GHz. I see mine hit 48C if I am actively doing things like browsing. I am also usually in a hot room at the time. I have to think some of that may be due to the case I have though. Don't recall exactly which it is now, but it is a rubber/gel type that unfortunately does not even leave the whole speaker area open on the back. Anyone aware of any good cases for cooling that still provide decent protection or done any sort of modifications to help?
Ok.. I just Did a whole bunch of reading about our processor. I went through various TI documents..
Maximum temperature is 105C- after that obviously it will cook.
For maximum life/durability no higher than 70C for extended periods of time- and obviously as has been stated many times typical operating temperature is <40C.
So it seems nobody has overcranked the temp on their CPU..yet.
If thats true then our Batteries will cook way before our CPU's. Our batt is rated at 60c
good info..so as far as i know if its not doing crazy temps then why would overclocking diminish any left of the cpu?
@105C that phone will be cooking *you* as fast as it is cooking itself....
We seem to have a robust CPU. I know with most PC CPU's a boost in frequecy of 600MHz means almost a doubling in CPU temp, BUT, usually there is a voltage boost also. I imagine it is because our CPU can be OC'ed like crazy without changing the voltage. I've yet to see a report of a CPU temp above 50C here at this site(though I may have missed it). So it would seem so far noone has shortened their CPUs life yet if TI has there spec sheets right. Makes sense since a lot of our PC CPUs are running hotter than 70C almost constantly and still last 2-3 years. Our CPU may be smaller, but the basic materials it is made of are the same.**EDIT: I see info out there that some of the Devs are possibly changing the voltage to the CPU(Although not sure this is even possible) in their ROMS..that greatens the possibility of overheating..but the temp allowances stay the same.**
Stability seems to be our main worry..and as I explained in another thread, each processor is slightly different in its clock capacity because of microscopic variations resulting from the manufacturing process. Remember our processors were spec'd at 600MHz, so TI could care less about how they run at anything above that.
Now the battery is a different thing also, since it does heat up fairly easily under the extra current draw from OC'ing.
The question does arise about the Current going through the CPU-which is what kills the battery faster at higher speeds. BUT again, too much current would result in a temp spike, which again doesn't seem to be happening in our case.
Ive spiked one of my old Athlons(1GHz OC'ed to 1.95GHz) up to 115C before it made a nice smoky POP.. I could feel the heat coming off the heatsink when I went to remove it.. shame because XP was running just fine on it..stable..
Bumping this thread to the top since there have been a lot of temp questions lately..
lol yeah, I still have a link to the video where an AMD is allowed to cook in 7 seconds flat after powering on b/c of a lack of thermal protection in the old days....
So where did you actually read this information at?
I found them by digging deep into TI's website, specifically the sections regarding to the OMAP3430. I no longer have specific links in my browser history to give as I have since reinstalled the OS on my PC.
The info took a lot of digging and reading to find though. It all makes sense, since for all intents and purposes, the OMAP is just a scaled-down version of sorts of a PC CPU, which has similar temperature tolerances.
Thanks, like many people I didn't start paying attention to my temps till after I rooted but now it seems to me that I stay hotter longer for instance 31-35 degrees just sitting doing nothing. And when I browse or watch Youtube it jumps to 40-45 degrees. Just trying to make sure if I'm idling at 30-40, and under a workload 40-50 than I'm ok. Thanks for all the good info.
I'm actually tempted to roll it back to 2.0.1 and monitor the temps idle and under a workload, just to be able to compare.
OverClocking 101 - Droid Forum - Verizon Droid & the Motorola Droid Forum
it has alot of information to how high the CPU and the battery temps can go.. . and how the CPU chips are made in the motorola droid.... etc.. very helpful its kinda long but a great read


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Posted on :
15 Oct, 2015
15 Oct, 2015
Etisalat's vision is a world where people's reach is not limited by matter or distance; a world where people will effortlessly stay in touch with family and friends; a world where businesses of all sizes can reach new markets without the limitations of distance and travel.
We are recruiting to fill the vacant position below:
Job Title: Analyst, Purchase Order Administration
Location: Lagos
Job Summary
Principal Functions
Educational Requirements
Experience, Skills & Competencies:
Application Closing Date
Not Specified.
How to Apply
Interested and qualified candidate should:
Click here to apply online


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How to be a PRIME candidateYou've likely heard about WorkplaceNL's PRIME Program; here we break it down – what it is, and how it helps businesses.
Workers Compensation Employer Advisors: An untapped small business resource?Employer Advisors, also known as Employer Advocates, exist in many jurisdictions. This independent service is available free of charge, providing employers information, advice and advocacy on workers compensation issues. Check if these services are available in your province or territory.
Do you know how to effectively manage a workers' compensation claim?Workers compensation claims can be very confusing and costly. Find out about ways to help effectively manage a WCB claim to safely bring your employee back to work, and reduce your costs. Advice is free for members: call 1-888-234-2232.


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The Piano Works is a Victorian listed warehouse in the heart of Farringdon, a 5 minute walk from Farringdon tube station. We are a 400 capacity, late night, live music venue.
The venue has a central stage which hosts two grand pianos, drums, guitar, horn and backing singers who only perform songs requested by the audience.
This NYE, starting at 5pm through to 6am, you will request your favourite songs, old or new.
The live musicians play from 7pm until 2am.
For all you late night music lovers, our DJ will continue by only playing your song requests until 6am.
This New Year's Eve will be a black tie affair at The House of Song


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Traveling Luck for Midland Hills Country Club, Illinois, United States
Where is Midland Hills Country Club?What's around Midland Hills Country Club?
Wikipedia near Midland Hills Country Club
Where to stay near Midland Hills Country Club
The timezone in Midland Hills Country Club is America/Rankin_Inlet
Sunrise at 06:44 and Sunset at 16:41. It's light
Latitude. 37.6461°, Longitude. -89.2531°
Weather near Midland Hills Country Club; Report from Carbondale / Murphysboro, Southern Illinois Airport, IL 17.7km away
Weather :
Temperature: 4°C / 39°F
Wind: 6.9km/h North
Cloud: Sky Clear
Weather :
Temperature: 4°C / 39°F
Wind: 6.9km/h North
Cloud: Sky Clear
Satellite map around Midland Hills Country Club
Loading map of Midland Hills Country Club and it's surroudings
Geographic features & Photographs around Midland Hills Country Club, in Illinois, United States
- cemetery;
- a burial place or ground.
- Stearns Cemetery (1.5km)
- Hilton Cemetery (1.8km)
- Union Hills Cemetery (4.1km)
- Lirley Cemetery (4.6km)
- Boskydell Cemetery (6.1km)
- Zimmerman Cemetery (6.1km)
- Sheppard Cemetery (6.2km)
- Winchester Cemetery (6.3km)
- Winchester Cemetery (6.3km)
- Wilkins Cemetery (6.5km)
- Makanda Cemetery (6.7km)
- Evergreen Cemetery (6.8km)
- Dutch Ridge Cemetery (8km)
- Etherton Cemetery (8.2km)
- Hiller-Crab Orchard Cemetery (8.3km)
- Hagler Cemetery (8.5km)
- school;
- building(s) where instruction in one or more branches of knowledge takes place.
- Rock Spring School (historical) (1.2km)
- Brown School (2.7km)
- Unity Point Elementary School (4.3km)
- Wagner School (historical) (4.4km)
- Buncombe School (historical) (4.5km)
- Pomona School (historical) (5.6km)
- Antioch School (5.6km)
- Brewer School (6km)
- Landreth School (7.6km)
- Crowell School (historical) (7.6km)
- Hiller School (8.3km)
- Union Point School (8.6km)
- stream;
- a body of running water moving to a lower level in a channel on land.
- Rocky Branch (3.6km)
- Poplar Camp Creek (3.8km)
- Clay Lick Creek (4.9km)
- Mill Creek (5km)
- Big Branch (5.1km)
- Topping Creek (5.8km)
- Indian Creek (8.6km)
- Sugar Creek (8.8km)
- church;
- a building for public Christian worship.
- Rock Springs Church (2.6km)
- Oak Grove Church (3km)
- Union Church (4km)
- Dutch Ridge Baptist Church (8km)
- Craborchard Church (8.2km)
- Zion Church (8.7km)
- populated place;
- a city, town, village, or other agglomeration of buildings where people live and work.
- Boskydell (5.5km)
- Makanda (6.2km)
- Stone Fort (6.9km)
- Evergreen Terrace (7.5km)
Accommodation around Midland Hills Country Club
- Local Feature;
- A Nearby feature worthy of being marked on a map..
- Midland Hills Country Club (0km)
- Cedar Lake Dam Picnic Area (3.8km)
- Marberry Arboretum (8.7km)
- Jackson County Farm (8.7km)
- valley;
- an elongated depression usually traversed by a stream.
- Cove Hollow (3.5km)
- Wolfden Hollow (5.4km)
- dam;
- a barrier constructed across a stream to impound water.
- Cedar Lake Dam (3.7km)
- Carbondale Reservoir Dam (8km)
- reservoir(s);
- an artificial pond or lake.
- Cedar Lake (3.7km)
- Carbondale Reservoir (8km)
- park;
- an area, often of forested land, maintained as a place of beauty, or for recreation.
- Evergreen Park (7.2km)
- Fern Rocks Nature Preserve (7.3km)
- ridge(s);
- a long narrow elevation with steep sides, and a more or less continuous crest.
- Dutch Ridge (4.6km)
- administrative division;
- an administrative division of a country, undifferentiated as to administrative level.
- Makanda, Township of (4.7km)
- tower;
- a high conspicuous structure, typically much higher than its diameter.
- WSIU-FM (Carbondale) (8.7km)
Wikipedia entries close to
Midland Hills Country Club
- Makanda, Illinois city city o
- Carbondale, Illinois city city o
- Alto Pass, Illinois city city o
- Cobden, Illinois city city o
- Southern Illinois Airport airport airport
- Murphysboro, Illinois city city o
- De Soto, Illinois city city o
- Cambria, Illinois city city o
- Carterville, Illinois city city o
- Crainville, Illinois city city o
- Anna, Illinois city city o
- Jonesboro, Illinois city city o
- Gorham, Illinois city city o
- Grand Tower, Illinois city city o
- Hurst, Illinois city city o
- Grand Tower Pipeline Bridge landmark bridge
Airports close to Midland Hills Country Club
Scott afb midamerica(BLV), Belleville, Usa (137.7km)
Lambert st louis international(STL), St. louis, Usa (191.6km)
Campbell aaf(HOP), Hopkinsville, Usa (235.5km)


text: The Citadel is one of the prestigious projects in Business Bay. Its an operational project and is already home to many offices, allowing businesses to function optimally with all necessary infrastructure amenities. Strategically located at Business Bay, The Citadel sits amidst Dubai's World Trade Centre, the Dubai Financial Centre, luxury hotels and resorts. It is located in Business Bay, directly on the main lake, close to Sheikh Zayed Road. With next-generation facilities and an unmatched inspiring ambiance, the tower will offer spacious conference rooms, a plush business lounge, a well appointed business centre with state-of-the-art facilities and convention halls with a total area of 3,970 square feet and with very high quality of construction containing 8 elevators.


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New Crystal Healing Group
The move to the new servers is complete and we now have a few new capabilities on the site. Based loosely on what Facebook offers, we have the ability to have groups on various topics, activity walls on personal, group and sitewide levels, and forums for groups and the site as a whole.
Our first group has already been added and is a Crystal healing group. We are in search of all types of spiritual healers whether you use gemstone or do work some other type of energy work. As the site grow, I want to add regular weekly healing session for anyone who needs it, the earth and the hearts of mankind.
When we have enough members to support it, I want to add a rock hound group and I am more than willing to add any other group type members would like to have. I want the Gemstone Dictionary to become a place where anyone interested in gemstones and crystals can come without having to worry about every group being filled with ads for every product you can image. This will be a place of peace and love, offering to heal the hearts, minds, and souls of those who need it.
This crystal healing group is our first step towards my dreams for this website. I invite you to sign up for any account (its 100% free) and invite all your friends and family to join us also. All the new features do require a verified account, but you can rest assured you will never receive a single email from us unless you contact us and ask for us to reply. The account requirement is by far the best way to keep spammers off the site.
Would you be so kind as to join us and our new crystal healing group? The group idea is brand new and we could use a little help getting out the word about this new service to those who need it.


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Start Making Money with Casino Affiliate Program
You may have already heard the term online casino affiliate program being thrown around on the net. But have you ever wondered exactly what it refers to and who it's directed at? It plays an important role in the world of online casinos and it's an essential initiative to help drive traffic to online gaming sites. To find out more about an online casino affiliate program read on.
Have you ever wondered just what an online casino affiliate program is all about?
The following is a web definition of what this program is designed for, what it has to offer and who it's geared at. An affiliate program in general is an advertising program offering a financial compensation to webmasters that drive traffic to the advertiser's website.
This makes like easier for the advertiser since they don't have to find websites with related content to list their banners. It also increases the response rate by giving the "affiliate" websites a stake or an incentive for generating a good response rate. Affiliate programs are designed to benefit all parties involved.
In a very general definition, an affiliate program is any style of profit sharing program in which an affiliate, partnered or linked website receives a portion of income for delivering sales, leads, or traffic to a merchant website.
In short, affiliate programs are commonly considered those programs that use a pay- per-sale scheme of some sort set up between the merchant and the partner (or affiliate). Some other names for affiliate programs you may come across are: associate program, partnership, referral program, reseller program, or sponsor programs.
2016 Casinoaffiliateguide.com
This is the bottom slider area. You can edit this text and also insert any element here. This is a good place if you want to put an opt-in form or a scarcity countdown.


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Webinar Highlights: Using Patient-Derived 3D Cell Culture Models for Semi-Automated Drug Screening
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New Herpes Virus Entry Mediator Products for Immuno-Oncology Research
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7 Steps to Safe Animal Transfers in Your Vivarium
9 Top Reasons to Become a SelectScience Member
Rapid Quantification of Viable Fungi in Hospital Environments using solid-phase cytometry
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text:
Complaint Review: Live Nation
- Live Nation
Charleston, West Virginia
United States of America
- Phone: 800-653-8000
- Web: http://www.livenation.com/
- Category: Ticket Sales
Live Nation Live Nation Changed the Placement of $350 Seats to Madonna without Prior Notice Charleston, West Virginia
When my friend and I arrived at the Yankee Stadium to claim our seats, we were immediately told by the guards that we had to change our tickets because our seating was changed by Live Nation that morning. The final seating arrangements did not reflect the seating chart that the tickets were sold on. We were relegated to the back section of the $350+ section to accomodate people in a makeshift elevated ramp (why the preferential treatment was never made clear).
Why they did this to probably three rows of people who paid this amount or even more (I heard tickets for that section were going up to around $1000) is such a disservice. The reason why people spend this much on tickets is to be assured 1) a good seat to enjoy their favorite artists and 2) better treatment.
Apparently Live Nation has a blatant disregard for their customers. People were complaining (rightfully so) to the guards at the Yankee Stadium (they didn't even have representatives to explain the change) and that in itself made the experience unpleasant.
They should have 1) given us advance notice so we can make alternative arrangements if necessary and 2) not make changes in the last minute that favor individuals who paid the same amount for tickets. In that section we were told people paid the same amount, but why one gets an elevated seat without prior notice at the expense of others was never fully explained.
I want to make my complaint more formal with representatives from Live Nation or Ticketmaster, but not sure how to do so. If there's some advice that this Web site can provide, I'd really appreciate it.
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This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 09/07/2012 05:20 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/reports/live-nation/charleston-west-virginia-25311/live-nation-live-nation-changed-the-placement-of-350-seats-to-madonna-without-prior-noti-937850. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year. Ripoff Report has an exclusive license to this report. It may not be copied without the written permission of Ripoff Report. READ: Foreign websites steal our content
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New Year Strategy Sessions
Happy, happy New Year!!
Are you feeling the buzz of a fresh new year and all the excitement and anticipation that comes from starting something new?
I know I am.. lots of new ideas, things I want to accomplish, ways I want to grow and make an impact in the world.
There has been lots of sitting with my notebook and pen brainstorming what it is exactly that I want to accomplish.
What about you?
Do you know what you want to make happen in this new year?
Are you ready to start that new business? Or grow your current one? Maybe you want to shift gears and offer up something new?
Have you made a pact with yourself to be more creative? To live more passionately? To stop settling? To go for it a bit more?
Whatever it is that you want to accomplish…
Do you know HOW you're going to make that happen?
Do you have a plan? Can you see the path that will lead you to where you want to go?
Do you feel confident on that path? Does it push you forward, making you want to get in action?
One of the things I'm bringing forth in the new year is a new methodology for making big stuff happen. It's not really new, it's what I have always done when working with coaching clients, but what IS new is the clarity I have around it.
I've created a brand new, very specific formula for making YOUR big stuff happen.
I've clarified what it takes to live a big, bold, magical life. I know exactly what to do and how to make those inspiring dreams and goals happen. I also know how to stick to things, follow through, and get your butt in gear.
Isn't that what you want more than anything in the world? To be able to get your butt in gear so you can make happen all you dream up?
Well, that is what I want to teach you in the new year.. how to DREAM BIG, make a plan for those dreams and then take bold, courageous action to make those dreams a reality.
And that's where my newly created "Visionary Living Formula" comes in.
It is a 5 step formula for making big stuff happen. For producing results and for living a happy, fulfilled life that makes an impact in the world.
Want to learn the formula and start applying it to your life?
Well, I am offering to you a FREE 45 minute training/strategy session to help you create what you want to make happen in 2012.
In this free session, I will help you find or clarify your big picture vision for the year.
Then we'll look at your specific goals and map out a plan for how you can achieve those goals and be the most awesome YOU that you can possibly be.
We'll also dive into some of the things that scare or worry you about taking action and being consistent with whatever there is to do.
And finally, you will leave the call with some very specific action steps that will get the ball rolling in a way that will create some RESULTS and momentum right away.
Kind of awesome, huh?
Want to spend 45 minutes creating your vision for 2012 with me?
Want to find out more about The Visionary Living Formula and how to apply it to your life?
Then grab yourself a FREE strategy session!!
All you have to do to schedule this free call is send me email and we'll set up a time that works for both of us.
Here's the deal though… I am only going to be offering these over the next 2 weeks before I start back up with school AND I only have a limited number of slots.. sooooo first come, first serve!!
Just send me an email to schedule your free training/strategy call with me right now.
Here's to you having the most kick butt, fantabulous year EVER!!
xo, Lisa


text:
Association of Migraine Disorders
The 3rd annual Mad Hatter Party goes nautical! The event was held at the historic, waterfront Squantum Association near Providence, RI. We found 2 interesting musical acts. New this year, there was an optional pre-party panel discussion.
We have 2 separate events taking place on Friday, June 23.
The "Hot Topics in Migraine" Panel Discussion was a free event, open to the public. Details below
The Mad Hatter Party is an effort to cross-pollinate ideas from the various communities that have an interest in migraine and pain management. Association of Migraine Disorders is a 501(c)(3) organization committed to changing the public perception and the management of migraine disease.
We have an interest in exploring the relationship between migraine and other related medical conditions, including fibromyalgia, gastrointestinal dysfunctions, concussions, head trauma, pelvic floor pain and more. We believe that the study of migraine disease will help to understand the common neurobiology: genetics, neuroplasticity, dietary influences and hormonal effects on the nervous system.
The evening provided great food, interesting entertainment and a range of guests including politicians, business leaders, researchers, physicians, people who live with migraine, pharmaceutical representatives, migraine advocates and supporters.
This year's entertainment featured the music of La Bella Musica and The Heartland Nomads.
AMD Special Advocacy Award - Senator Sheldon Whitehouse - U.S. Senator, a lead co-sponsor of CARA (Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act) which was the vehicle the carried the STOP Pain provisions so important in migraine research funding.
AMD Innovation Award - Dale Bond, PhD - Brown University Professor and researcher who is interested in the effects of behavioral weight loss interventions on migraine.
AMD Impact Award - Katie Golden - Professional Patient, Writer for Migraine.com, Blogger at GoldenGraine.com, US Pain Ambassador, Patient Advocate, Speaker & Freelance Writer
AMD is proud to announce that this year's emcee will be BARBARA MORSE SILVA, Anchor, NBC 10 News Weekends and Health Check Reporter. And there will be a special video message from Cindy McCain.
When: Friday, June 23, 2017, 2017, 6:00-9:30 pm
Where: The Squantum Association, 947 Veterans Memorial Parkway, Riverside, Rhode Island
Hot Topics in Migraine
We use Facebook Live to stream this discussion for people who could not attend in person.
FB page link where stream appears: https://www.facebook.com/MigraineDisorders
Cathy Glaser and Steve Semlitz
Migraine Research Foundation
Robert and Melisa Radoccia
The Capital Group
A Friend of AMD


text:
U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner said confidence was growing that the U.S. economy was heading for a sustainable expansion and would also benefit from strong growth in emerging markets.
Double-click on codes in brackets to read stories. For full coverage, blogs and TV go to www.reuters.com/davos MAIN STORIES > Geithner sees more confidence in U.S. expansion [ID:nLDE70R11P] > France open to upping EFSF, bond buying an option [ID:nLDE70R086] > Trade ministers urged to reinvigorate Doha talks [ID:nLDE70R17E] POLICYMAKERS > Policymakers see dlr losing reserve currency status[ID:nLDE70R1HV] > U.N. chief appeals for end to Egypt violence [ID:nLDE70R0H9] > SAfrica finmin says rand still overvalued [ID:nLDE70R1WB] > Indonesia trade min links speculation, inflation [ID:nLDE70R1VE] > Rand still overvalued -SAfrica finmin [ID:nLDE70R1I3] > Indonesia min. sees speculation-driven inflation [ID:nLDE70R1H3] > U.N. chief worried about AU rift over Ivory Coast [ID:nLDE70R13B] > Cameron says Europe needs deregulation drive [ID:nLDE70R0LC] > Yen better reflects fundamentals after rating cut [ID:nLDE70Q2O2] > Zuma leaves Davos after Mandela in hospital [ID:nLDE70R05V] > Finland PM: not ready for any more European bailouts [ID:nWLA3906] > China surplus to fall more in 2011-PBOC aide [ID:nLDE70R0UX] > Canada finmin sees reasons for resilient dollar [ID:nLAD005154] CORPORATES > Deutsche chief sides with Dimon in regulation spat [ID:nLDE70R0KU] > Oil majors BP, Shell concerned about high oil price[ID:nLDE70R0J3] > Tablets won't steamroll Microsoft, top exec says [ID:nLDE70R0UN] > Novartis CEO sees sense in animal health buy [ID:nLDE70R1HA] > JC Decaux looks to acquisitions for growth [ID:nWLA3915] > VTB expects govt stake sale in first quarter [ID:nWLA3914] > Russia's Severstal to diversify [ID:nLDE70R129] > India's TCS expects hiring spree, no consolidation [ID:nLDE70R15X] > General Mills CEO says hurt by volatile commodities [ID:nWLA3900] > SAP co-CEO upbeat on growth opportunities in 2011 [ID:nWLA3902] > Newmont expects gold to rise as a hedge, demand [ID:nWLA3909] > ABSA sees strong S.Africa 2011 growth, rates rising [ID:nWLA3903] > India's Infosys cites Europe problems as top worry [ID:nTOE70R05W] THURSDAY HIGHLIGHTS > Sarkozy says he, Merkel will never abandon euro [ID:nLDE70Q0JD] > Leaders rap food inflation amid Mideast unrest [ID:nLDE70Q0QL] > ExxonMobil to invest up to $1 bln in Black Sea [ID:nLDE70Q0U5] > Bankers seek to rebuild dialogue with regulators [ID:nLDE70Q23L] > Sarkozy tells JP Morgan banks "defied common sense"[ID:nLDE70Q0QJ] > Greek PM rules out default, debt restructuring [ID:nLDE70Q1SL] > China trade min says aims to double imports [ID:nTOE70L006] > OPEC says Saudis not raising output [ID:nLDE70Q2I9] WEDNESDAY HIGHLIGHTS > Cautious CEOs counting on BRICs for growth [ID:nLDE70P0FT] > Doha trade talks gather momentum, not yet enough [ID:nLDE70P1OW] > Obama austerity drive gets mixed CEO reaction [ID:nLDE70P0QW] > ECB will head off 2nd round price rises-Trichet [ID:nLDE70P2GK] > BP, Rosneft agree to expand strategic alliance [ID:nLDE70P21Q] > Annan says Gbagbo must go for Africa's sake [ID:nLDE70P1QD] ANALYSIS/FEATURES > No meeting of minds for banks, regulators [ID:nLDE70Q2JQ] > M&A is back as CEOs start to put cash to work [ID:nLDE70R0L9] > Emerging market companies buy up the world [ID:nLDE70C1CY] > Consumer tech invades Davos, wider corporate world[ID:nLDE70P0HJ] > Fears of trade war stalk Davos meeting [ID:nLDE70O1I4] > Inflation rattles corporates in China, India [ID:nTOE70M00D] > Emerging economies caught in inflation dilemma [ID:nLDE70P0E3] REUTERS INSIDER TELEVISION > To watch Davos Today breakfast show: link.reuters.com/myz46r > To see all other Insider shows from Davos, click on: [DAVOSTV/]
GRAPHICS > Davos key themes in graphics: r.reuters.com/ryt86r