text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|May 12, 1992
|Filing date
|Apr 19, 1990
|Priority date
|Apr 19, 1990
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Hannu Harjunmaa, Robert A. Peura, Yitzhak Mendelson
|Original Assignee
|Worcester Polytechnic Institute
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (41), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (64), Classifications (10), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to the non-invasive measurement of the concentration of substances that absorb electromagnetic radiation, such as light or infrared radiation, in absorbing and turbid matrices. In particular, the invention is directed to substances, such as glucose, found in the blood of absorbing and turbid matrices, such as human or animal body tissue.
Numerous techniques have been proposed for the determination of glucose by non-invasive optical monitoring methods. (See "Blood Glucose Sensors: An Overview", by Peura, R. A. and Mendelson, Y., Proceedings of the IEEE/NSF Symposium on Biosensors, Los Angeles, Calif., 1984.) Many of the proposed methods rely on transmissive and diffuse reflective absorption measurements using infrared radiation.
The infrared measurement methods known in the art are not well adapted to the problem of quantifying an analyte dissolved in a strongly absorbing solvent. The known methods include separate or directly alternating measurements using radiations at a "glucose" wavelength and at a "reference" wavelength, where glucose does not absorb, as well as differential wavelength modulation about a glucose absorption band (C. Dahne, D. Gross, European Patent 0 160 768 and references therein). In the known methods, the signal is easily lost into the strong background presented by the water in tissues and in the capillary blood flow. The normal concentration range of glucose in blood for male adults is 4 to 6 mmol/l (70 to 110 mg/dl).
A need still exists, therefore, for a non-invasive method and apparatus having sufficient long-term sensitivity to accurately measure the concentration of light absorbing substances in absorbing and turbid matrices found in the human or animal body.
The present invention comprises a system which periodically or continuously directs two beams of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths λ1 and λ2, respectively, at a radiation absorbing body. The radiation at one wavelength λ1 is alternated at equal successive intervals in time with radiation at the other wavelength λ2.
One of the wavelengths, say λ1, is chosen to be highly absorbent by the analyte to be measured, while the other, λ2, is selected to be substantially non-absorbed by the analyte. In this manner, a single beam is formed of a series of successive alternate pulses of equal duration and amplitude of radiation λ1 and λ2. The transmissive/reflective beam is optically detected and an electrical signal is generated proportional to the detected beam intensity. With no analyte present, the system is calibrated so that the intensity of the detected beam is a constant D.C. signal during the pulse periods.
The variation of the detected signal when the analyte is present is integrated over time to produce a control signal. This control signal is used to constantly adjust the intensity of one of the laser beams in a direction which tends to bring the detected signal to zero or null. The control signal is also a measure of the analyte concentration and is calibrated against a reference voltage and displayed as an analyte concentration value.
An important difference between the present method and those known in the prior art is that, in contrast to the known methods, the method of this invention forms the difference of the signals obtained at an analyte wavelength λ1 (where the analyte absorbs), and a reference wavelength λ2 (where the analyte essentially does not absorb) directly at the optical level (i.e., by optical means), instead of comparing electronically the two signals at the analog or digital level (i.e., by electronic circuitry means). The difference of the intensity signals at λ1 and λ2 is used in an optical null arrangement which, as its output, gives a control signal proportional to the concentration of the analyte.
The two wavelengths λ1 and λ2 are selected so the radiation has exactly the same degree of matrix extinction at these wavelengths. Note: The matrix extinction is the sum of the absorption and scattering experienced by the beam in a matrix sample without the analyte. With the method of this invention, one can detect lower glucose concentrations in human tissue than with the currently known methods.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram showing Rows A-G of waveforms at different locations in the block diagram of FIG. 1. The three columns show the waveforms under different analyte conditions, i.e., Column 1 is the calibrated condition with no analyte present in the sample matrix, Column 2 the transient condition after introduction of the analyte into the sample matrix and Column 3 with analyte after steady state is obtained.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an optical device for use in maintaining the optical probe in fixed position on the subject of measurement.
The invention will now be described in connection with the drawings.
The invention is described as applied to the special case of glucose measurement in human tissue using near-infrared radiation. This should in no way detract from the general applicability of the invention to measure the concentration of any species that absorbs electromagnetic radiation, especially in strongly absorbing and turbid matrices.
In the method of this invention, the measurement is made by combining into a single beam (curve C), the alternate pulses curve A and curve B defined as "half-periods" of radiation at two wavelengths λ1 and λ2 . The single beam is directed against the sample 4, i.e., an ear lobe, thus providing a response beam (curve D) to be detected by a detector 5. With no analyte present, the optical intensity should be constant, as shown in curve D, row 1. The electrical response generated in the detector 5 by the constant intensity λ1 and λ2 half-period response beam is calibrated to be zero, or null (curve E row 1). When there is a nonzero concentration of the analyte, the intensity of the beam is no longer constant. The intensity of one of the half-periods changes with respect to the other, as shown in curve D row 2. This change is detected by detector 5 and the amplitude of the alternating-current (AC) signal given by the detector 5 is representative of the analyte concentration (curve E row 2). This signal is not used directly to quantify the analyte concentration, but is used, instead, in an optical null arrangement to change the relative intensity of the two half-periods. The AC signal is amplified and rectified in the lock-in amplifier 7. The resulting DC signal is integrated in integrator 8 to produce a control signal (curve F row 3). The value of the control signal needed to restore the signal from the detector 5 to zero (curve E row 3) is used as the indicator of the analyte concentration.
The measurement geometry may be either direct transmission, transflection or attenuated total reflection. Direct transmission is shown herein by way of example.
The principles governing the method of the present invention are briefly outlined below with the assumption that the Beer-Lambert law, P=Po e-kx is valid.
In the above relation, Po is the power of the incident collimated beam falling on the sample, k is the absorption coefficient (usually in 1/cm) and x is the length (in cm) of the sample in which interaction occurs. To simplify the equations, only essential quantities are retained and the signal is considered radiative only; scattering can be included in k, and, if its contribution is desired explicitly, it is a straightforward operation to replace k by the sum of absorption and scattering effects.
In view of the above, the powers collected at wavelengths λ1 and λ2 are P.sub.λ.sbsb.1 =P01 e-k1x and P.sub.λ.sbsb.2 =P02 e-k2x, respectively.
Since provision is made that the absorption of the background is the same at λ1 and λ2, the difference
S=ΔP=P.sub.λ1 -P.sub.λ2 =0
if no analyte is present. This difference is hereafter called the error signal. The electrical signal produced in the detector is assumed to be proportional to the optical power.
When analyte is present, it absorbs at one of the wavelengths, but not at the other, which means that for the first wavelength, say λ2, the absorption coefficient has changed by, say, Δk. Hence now, ##EQU1##
Now for Δk small, i.e., <0.1, the known approximation e.sup.Δkx =1+Δkx holds; so S=P0 Δkx e-kx, i.e., the error signal is proportional to Δk, that is, to the analyte concentration. Also, it can be seen that the error signal has a maximum with respect to path length, for a given analyte concentration. This maximum can be obtained by taking the derivative of the above equation. It occurs at the path length of 1/k.
When the concentration of analyte is nonzero, an error signal is generated, but the system strives to keep it at zero by changing the intensity of one component wavelength;
P.sub.02 =(1+f) P.sub.01.
Here, f is the relative change in the intensity at λ2 with respect to the equilibrium state.
S=P.sub.01 e.sup.-k1x -P.sub.02 e.sup.-k2x =0
P.sub.01 e.sup.-k1x -(1+f) P.sub.01 e.sup.-k2x =0
e.sup.-k1x =(1+f) e.sup.-k2x
If Δkx is small, which is to be expected, the approximation e.sup.Δkx =1+Δkx is valid, which leads to
or, the relative deviation from equilibrium intensity is proportional to analyte concentration and to path length.
If there is some analyte absorption at the reference wavelength, the signal diminishes in proportion to the difference of the analyte absorptions at the analyte wavelength and the reference wavelength.
In order to account correctly for scattering, the wavelength choice must be made on the basis of the sum spectrum of absorption and scattering in the sample matrix (that is, extinction spectrum), with due consideration to the measuring geometry, which affects the relative importance of scattering.
Table 1, below, indicates a few wavelengths at which glucose absorbs which can be used to practice the invention in combination with the background absorption values on the same line of the Table. Water absorption coefficients at the indicated wavelengths are also in the Table.
TABLE I______________________________________ Glucose BackgroundWavelength Absorption Absorption kH.sub.2 Oin (μm) (μm) (μm) (l/cm)______________________________________1.57 1.75 (gl)*, 1.38 (st)* 91.77 1.55 (gl), 1.39 (st) 72.10 2.29 (gl), 1.87 (st), 30 1.48 (pk)*2.17 1.86 (st) 1.49 (st), 25 1.41 (st)2.27 2.15 (gl) 1.86 (st), 30 1.48 (pk), 1.40 (st)______________________________________ where: *st = steep; pk = peaking; gl = glucose absorption.
For fine tuning the wavelengths, one keeps a member of the pair constant while the other is adjusted. Preferably, the glucose wavelength is kept constant in order to have a constant sensitivity for glucose. The reference wavelength is preferably situated on a moderate or shallow slope of the water absorption spectrum: with a steep slope, accurate control is more difficult. In Table 1, some reference wavelengths are situated on a steep slope; others are at or near a peak; some reference wavelengths have glucose absorption.
The fine tuning can be achieved automatically, as will be described in the alternate embodiment, shown i dotted lines in FIG. 1.
The following example illustrates the invention with reference to the annexed drawings. This invention can be carried out using many other embodiments not specifically exemplified here but which should not be excluded from protection.
Because of the strength of glucose absorption at 2.1 μm, the present embodiment has been devised for the wavelength pair 2.10/1.48 μm. This wavelengths selection is only one example, no other suitable wavelength pairs being excluded from the scope of this application.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the radiation source of this example consists of two pulsed lasers 1,2 operating at the wavelengths λ1 and λ2, respectively. In the timing diagram of FIG. 2, the optical intensity of these beams and the resulting detected voltages at various points in the system are plotted versus time for different conditions. That is, Column 1 shows the various waveforms for a calibrated system in which no analyte is present in the matrix, Column 2 shows the transient condition after introduction of analyte into the sample matrix, and Column 3 shows the steady state condition with analyte present in the sample matrix. The following is a summary of the timing diagram waveforms:
A. Relative optical power in the constituent beam marked A.
B. Relative optical power in the constituent beam marked B. which is modulated in antiphase to A. The on-value of this power is adjustable and proportional to the signal F.
C. Relative optical power in the combined beam before the sample. In a calibrated system without sample, this has no AC component.
D. Relative optical power after the sample. The system seeks to keep the AC component of D to zero.
E. Lock-in amplifier 7 output, proportional to the AC component of D. This is the error signal for the servo loop. The system seeks to keep E to zero.
F. Integrated error signal equals the intensity control voltage for one of the constituent beams.
G. Deviation of the F voltage from its initial value. Obtained using a zero-shift circuit (difference amplifier). As the last step of the calibration process, potentiometer 13 is adjusted to give a displayed value (G) of zero units. Thereafter, G is proportional to the analyte concentration.
Note: The term "relative optical power" above refers to the optical power as measured with the particular detection system used in this application. Generally, the sensitivity of the detection system will not be the same at the two different wavelengths, and, in reality, the "relative optical powers" are not absolutely equal at the point C. They produce, however, equal responses in the detection circuit of this system. The fact that the powers are not absolutely equal has no significance to the operation of the system of this invention.
Referring back to FIG. 1, the output beams "A" and "B" of the lasers are combined in the beam combiner 3. The combined beam "C" is directed into a sample 4, such as an ear lobe. After reflection or transmission, the optical power is as shown at curve "D".
The optical system includes collimating means 32 and 34, respectively, i.e., lenses or mirrors to direct the sample channel beam "C" into the sample 4 and from the sample 4 beam "D" to the sample channel detectors 5.
The system uses a photoconductive PbS infrared detector 5 operating at room temperature. Its spectral sensitivity peaks at about 2.0 to 2.5 μm. The PbS detector 5 is operated in the classical bolometer circuit, and AC-coupled to a preamplifier 6. Other detectors sensitive in the relevant wavelength range could be used, with the appropriate coupling and amplifying method.
The output of the PbS detector 5 is quantified using a lock-in amplifier 7 that uses the signal produced by a square wave generator 10 as its reference signal. The output "E" of the lock-in amplifier 7 is a rectified direct-current signal proportional to the alternating-current signal produced by the detector 5. It is important to preserve the sign (phase) of the AC signal, because these signals are used for closed-loop control. For this reason, simple rectification where the phase is lost cannot be used. The present circuitry takes care of this phase selection requirement. The error signal "E" from lock-in amplifier 7 is integrated over time in integrator 8 to produce a control signal "F".
The operation of the system is governed by the square wave generator 10 operating at a frequency of typically between 10 Hz and 100 kHz, and using the techniques of this example, 1 Khz. The generator 10 signal determines which one of the two wavelengths and which one of the two corresponding intensity levels is to be used at any given moment.
It is assumed that the output of the lasers 1 and 2 are proportional to intensity control voltages (if the control voltage is zero, then the laser beam is off). If in a particular embodiment the lasers should be of a type whose intensity cannot be controlled by a voltage, then an appropriate modulator is used to the same effect. The inverter 11 ensures that the lasers operate in antiphase, or that one of them is "off" while the other is "on". The analog multiplier 9 changes the intensity of the beam between the two intensity values and adjusts one of the intensities according to the output of the integrator 8. As long as that output is non-zero, the intensity is constantly adjusted to zero the output of laser 2.
During operation, the error signal servoes itself to zero. This establishes the basic equisensitivity of the channels at the wavelengths initially selected. The intensity control signal from integrator 8 is also used as the basis for the glucose concentration display. The zero point of this signal is set by comparison with a reference voltage VR in the difference amplifier 12 established by DC reference voltage Vo across precision potentiometer 13. The resulting voltage "G" is scaled and displayed in the display unit 14 to show the glucose concentration.
An automatic calibration system option is shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1 as part of the present invention. The reference wavelength selected for measurement depends on the calibration of the subject to be tested. The calibration and the subsequent measurements are performed at a well-defined and easily available test site 4, such as the ear lobe or the skin of the fingerwebs, where the glucose concentration in blood is known. This glucose in blood concentration should preferably be low. To perform the calibration, the switch 15 is closed and the sample 4 is moved In and Out of the beam, or the beam is moved In and Out of the sample, by actuator 16 and beamshifter mechanism 17 at a low frequency, for instance 1 Hz. The intensity control signal, that is to say, the output of the integrator 8, will vary at the same frequency. If the matrix extinction of the sample 4 is not exactly the same at the two wavelengths, the amplitude of this variation is obtained at the output of lock-in amplifier 18, using the timing signal of the actuator 16 on line 36 as the reference. A wavelength control signal Δ V is obtained by integrating the output of the lock-in amplifier 18 in the integrator 19. It is assumed that the laser 1 can be tuned using a control voltage.
The exact reference wavelength obtained is noted and kept on record in a digital memory or computer 20 for that particular patient.
Potentiometer 13 is used to set the display to show a concentration value equal to the known concentration (zero or non-zero) of the calibration sample. The sensitivity of the intensity control signal to glucose concentration, known on the basis of previous tests and substantially constant at constant path length in the sample, is used to establish the complete response function of the system.
The measurement must always be done exactly at the same test site for a particular patient in order to preserve the validity of the calibration. To that effect, an optical device, interfacing with the basic optical system, may be semi-permanently attached to the test subject at a suitable test site. This is depicted schematically in FIG. 3. The optical device may, for example, take the appearance of an earring 24, having an optical input element 22 on one side of the ear lobe 4 and an optical output element 23 on the other side of the ear lobe, both transparent at the measurement wavelengths. The device 24 has the property of maintaining the probe at a fixed position on the ear lobe.
In a living test subject, the dependence of the signal on path length may cause the pulsing of the blood circulation to be seen, depending on the measuring geometry. This can be used to select the exact moment of recording the signal to occur at a constant phase of the pulse.
The pulsing effect is only seen on the signal if the system is fast enough. This will require the wavelength-alternating frequency to be preferably at least of the order of 1 kHz, and the servo loop cutoff frequency (essentially the lock-in cutoff frequency or the inverse of the output time constant divided by 2π) at least of the order of 10 Hz. The system can also be deliberately made slow so that the pulsing is not seen and does not affect the accuracy.
Accordingly, an optional provision, shown by dotted line 50, is provided in FIG. 1, wherein an analog computing circuit or, preferably, a digital computer 21, may be used to control the taking of the reading at a constant phase of the pulse cycle, be it at the systolic or diastolic extremes or somewhere else, and coupling this control signal back to one of the lasers for intensity control. It is not important which phase is used, as long as it is always the same.
Those skilled in the art will know, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific embodiments of the invention described herein. For example, it may be possible to produce more than one wavelength from a given laser, so that switching between two widely spaced wavelengths of one laser may be used in place of the two laser sources 1 and 2. Light sources, other than lasers, may be used and filtered to produce monochromatic light.
These and all other equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the following claims.
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|Glucolight Corporation
|Methods for noninvasively measuring analyte levels in a subject
|Sep 25, 2006
|Sep 6, 2007
|Hannu Harjunmaa
|Three diode optical bridge system
|Sep 12, 2008
|Mar 26, 2009
|Zhi Xu
|Optical device components
|Oct 3, 2008
|Apr 23, 2009
|Zhi Xu
|Optical device components
|Oct 22, 2008
|May 7, 2009
|Zhi Xu
|Optical device components
|Mar 20, 2009
|Oct 1, 2009
|The Curators Of The University Of Missouri
|Method and System for Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Detection Utilizing Spectral Data of One or More Components Other Than Glucose
|Mar 4, 2009
|Nov 5, 2009
|Glucolight Corporation
|Flowometry in Optical Coherence Tomography for Analyte Level Estimation
|Apr 17, 2009
|Nov 26, 2009
|The Curators Of The University Of Missouri
|Method and System for Non-Invasive Optical Blood Glucose Detection Utilizing Spectral Data Analysis
|Mar 4, 2009
|May 6, 2010
|Glucolight Corporation
|Multispot Monitoring for Use in Optical Coherence Tomography
|Mar 23, 2010
|Oct 7, 2010
|The Curators Of The University Of Missouri
|Optical spectroscopy device for non-invasive blood glucose detection and associated method of use
|Jan 5, 2012
|Nov 7, 2013
|Nitto Denko Corporation
|Photoplethysmographic device and methods therefore
|Jan 21, 2015
|Jul 21, 2016
|Grove Instruments, Inc.
|Noninvasive measurement of analyte concentration using methods and systems of post-balancing
|Feb 19, 1997
|Dec 10, 2002
|Idec Izumi Corporation
|Apparatus and method for detecting transparent substances
|Aug 22, 2012
|Feb 28, 2013
|Glumetrics, Inc.
|Controller for optical analyte sensor
|Apr 4, 2013
|Oct 10, 2013
|Grove Instruments Inc.
|Noninvasive measurement of analyte concentration using a fiberless transflectance probe
|U.S. Classification
|356/39, 600/316
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 14, 1990
Owner name: WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, A CORP. OF MA, MA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:HARJUNMAA, HANNU;MENDELSON, YITZHAK;PEURA, ROBERT A.;REEL/FRAME:005327/0384
Effective date: 19900521
|Dec 7, 1993
|Certificate of correction
|Nov 10, 1995
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Nov 5, 1999
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Oct 8, 2003
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Mahashivaratri Puja is one of the biggest festivals that is celebrated with much fanfare and which could be noticed by any outsider - second only to Durga Puja - in West Bengal.
The pilgrims go every year to Tarakeshwar to perform the rituals as they worship Lord Shiva on Mahashivaratri that is being celebrated today.
This festival has seen most of unusual and spiritual happening going around this year. Hundreds of thousands of devotees visited the Tarakeshwar temple this year.
For more news from India Today, follow us on Twitter @indiatoday and on Facebook at facebook.com/IndiaToday
For news and videos in Hindi, go to AajTak.in. ताज़ातरीन ख़बरों और वीडियो के लिए आजतक.इन पर आएं.


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Efficient Rule Set Generation Using Rough Set Theory for Classification of High Dimensional Data
In this paper, a Rough Set Theory (RST) based approach is proposed to mine concise rules from inconsistent data. The approach deals with inconsistent data. At first, it computes the lower and upper approximation for each concept, then adopts a learning from an algorithm to build concise classification rules for each concept satisfying the given classification accuracy. Lower and upper approximation estimation is designed for the implementation, which substantially reduce the computational complexity of the algorithm. UCI ML Repository datasets are used to test and validate the proposed approach.
Provided by: Tezpur University Topic: Data Management Date Added: Jan 2012 Format: PDF


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The JELD-WEN Steel French 72 in. x 80 in. White Right-Hand Inswing Patio Door has a durable sill and is built in a thick steel construction with energy-efficient LowE glass. It offers resilience and security as well as Energy Star savings. This French Door features an active door and an inactive operating door. The inactive operating door features two pins; one at the top and one at the bottom to hold the door securely closed or give you the option to retract the pins and fully open the inactive operating door. Included weather stripping provides added insulation from the elements. The door resists water absorption and rust and is dual-bored for a right-hand installation.
California residents: see Proposition 65 information
- As viewed from the outside, a right-hand inswing French door has the hinges on the right with the right door being active. The left door is inactive, but can be opened by retracting the security pins. When standing outside the home, both doors open into the interior of the home
- Thick construction and durable sill offer resilience and security
- Premium weather stripping protects against weather and air infiltration
- Energy-efficient LowE glass
- Dual-bored for right-hand installation of a handset (not included)
- Energy Star qualified
- Wood frame
- Note: Product may vary by store


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No matter how many toys my little guy has, he likes my iphone best! He's limited to 10 minutes a day on Angry Birds and I'm pretty sure it's his favorite 10 minutes of the day.
Made with the Feb Kit at My Creative Scrapbook, featuring Echo Park's Love Story collection. I made the Angry Bird embellie from punches. Details and additional photos on my blog: http://writesnapscrap.blogspot.com/


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Milan Committee Sponsors Verdi's Requiem
Categories: Milan News,News
The Milan Committee of CSCI had the pleasure of sponsoring a special, free performance of Verdi's Requiem at the Loyola Museum of Art on the afternoon of Sunday, April 21, 2013. Over 100 people came to enjoy a reception of prosecco and appetizers followed by the concert. The Milan Committee sponsored the concert as part of their year-long celebration of the 40th anniversary of the sister city relationship between Chicago and Milan.
The concert was presented by the Italian organization "Waiting for…" from Milan. "Waiting for…" works to promote culture and the arts through events and initiatives that enhance the creativity and talent of young artists. This particular performance was titled "Waiting for Verdi."
The organization was created by classical singer Francesca Parvizyar, and this concert is one of many that she has produced for the organization. Four singers and two pianists travelled from Italy to Chicago to perform the concert. All six performers are emerging musical artists in the classical music world.
A letter of welcome was read from both Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel and Milan Mayor Giuliano Pisapia. The event also acted as part of the "2013 Year of Italian Culture in the United States."


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Ecandy.com ranks
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7920 Sunset Blvd, Suite 400, Los Angeles, CA - 90046, US. Phone: +1 310 274 3546, Fax: +1 310 820 7979 Email: linda.jamie[AT]candyusa.org


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New homes for ancient town in £2m development
A housing provider is set to deliver a multi-million pound development in the ancient market town of Ashby de la Zouch.
Futures Housing Group, a housing association which manages more than 9,100 homes in Derbyshire, Northamptonshire and Nottinghamshire, is investing £2 million in the Leicestershire town.
The mixed development of houses and flats off Woodcock Way will provide homes for shared-ownership and "affordable" rents.
Alan Boucker, Futures' director of development and investment, said: "This is a great opportunity for us to expand our property portfolio into North West Leicestershire.
"We've just completed a record-breaking year of development and have started the new financial year as we mean to go on, with many projects in the pipeline to benefit the business and even more customers.
"We have ambitious development plans to provide an additional 1,000 homes by 2020, and this includes new schemes between Ripley and Daventry."
The one-, two- and three-bedroom properties on the site will be available through Futures and also through the group's commercial development arm, Limehouse Developments.
Glyn Jones, director of housing at North West Leicestershire District Council, said: "We are very pleased that Futures Housing Group is investing in North West Leicestershire for the first time and welcome the additional 21 properties which will meet the housing needs of local people, including those who wish to buy or rent their home."
Offering 12 shared-ownership properties and nine affordable rentals, the development follows the completion of Limehouse's flagship development in Cavendish Road, Ilkeston.
The homes sit within the Knights Chase development, which is being built by Miller Homes.
Alastair Parsons, sales director for Miller Homes Midlands, added: "This is the first time we've worked alongside Futures Housing Group and the relationship could not have been better.
"Ashby de la Zouch is one of the most desirable locations in the East Midlands, and that's testament to the fact interest levels are already really high. The Knights Chase development is in a great location, close to many key amenities and we're really looking forward to welcoming a number of happy residents in the months to come."
Photo: Left to right, Alan Boucker, Futures Housing group director of development and investment; Emma Weston, Miller Homes sales manager for Knights Chase; Helen Brown, Futures' new business manager; Glyn Jones, director of housing at North West Leicestershire District Council


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Giveaway – Save Money and Eat Well with 3 Months of eMeals!!!
This giveaway has expired. Congratulations to the winner!
I am so excited to offer you a chance to win 3 free months of eMeals!!!
What is eMeals, you ask? Well, it's a brilliant way to save money while eating well! Here's how we got hooked:
When Chris and I started paying attention to our budget, the first thing we noticed was that we spend a ton of money on food!
This is because we are totally unorganized with our grocery budget, which leads to us both wasting food and eating out too much. We regularly buy food we never use that goes bad, while at the same time needing things later in the week that we didn't think to buy.
It's a mess. So I've been looking for ways to get our food spending to a reasonable level, without feeling like we're missing out. I don't want to eat the same six dishes every week (even tacos get boring eventually), but I don't have time to spend finding interesting and healthy recipes and organizing their ingredients into grocery lists either.
Wouldn't it be great if you could sign up with a service that would do all of that for you?
You could tell them your meal plan preference (they could have ten to choose from; like classic, low carb, or vegetarian), and they could send you seven different recipes each week that would be easy to make and incredibly delicious! They could even organize all of the ingredients for you into a comprehensive grocery list!
Well, that company totally exists!!! It's called eMeals, and it's brilliant! Chris and I have been using the paleo meal plan for two weeks now, and we love it!
Here are some pictures of meals that I made this week using their delicious recipes!
You too can save money and time while eating delicious food!! Enter the giveaway to win 3 months of eMeals for free!!
To enter, just leave a comment answering this question: If you win the 3 free months of eMeals, which meal plan would you like to try?
For additional, optional entries:
Follow eMeals on Facebook
Follow eMeals on Twitter
Share the giveaway on Facebook or Twitter! (Social media sharing buttons below)
Leave a comment for each additional entry!
Disclosure: I am a member of the eMeals blogger network, and this post contains affiliate links. All opinions expressed are completely my own, and I am not influenced by any compensation I receive. Honesty is my highest aim.
More from New Momma Beckers
- With Vine and #dirtytoclean, You Can Find Motivation to Clean!
- Easy, delicious, kid-friendly recipe for Chicken with Minute Rice!
25 thoughts on "Giveaway – Save Money and Eat Well with 3 Months of eMeals!!!"
Joanna L
The Low Carb
Hi! I would choose gluten free or low fat. It would be a good start in the healthier direction we want to go. Great post!
I would choose Paleo! I went grain/carb free back before Christmas but fell off the wagon when mealplanning got hard so this would be perfect!
Paleo, it's a great way to start.
I've never heard of eMeals , Thank you for sharing. I've added them to my facebook intrest tab.
I think I would try Natural and Organic!
Following eMeals on FB and Twitter now too! I'll tweet your giveaway as well! Have a great day!
Gotta be the vegetarian 😉
I would want the vegetarian, Gluten Free options!:) I followed emeals on both Twitter & FB, too;)
Ria R
I would choose Paleo to start.
Low Carb
I would love to try the low carb.
I follow on twitter.
I follow on FB
I would choose the classic.
I follow emeals on facebook and twitter too
I cleaned out all my cabinets and fridge to switch to a Clean Eating lifestyle about 6 months ago… What a difference it would make for my life with my husband in residency and myself being busy with work & motherhood!
Brian W.
With my wife starting a new job with longer hours and a longer commute, the reality of me being the meal planner & chef more often has set in. eMeals looks like the perfect solution for us while helping us keep a better control on our grocery/dining budget. I would be so grateful to receive a free 3 month subscription should I be chosen. We would start with the low carb to help shed a couple of the extra pounds we have accumulated from eating out so much during our move, then switch over to the Paleo meal plan in due time.
Brian W.
After reading this post I decided to do more research on eMeals. I happened to stumble across a special on Groupon for eMeals right now. There are 3 choices to choose from:
$29 for 12 months of weekly online dinner plans (a $58 value)
$39 for 12 months of weekly online lunch and dinner plans (a $106 value)
$49 for 12 months of weekly online breakfast, lunch, and dinner plans (a $142 value)
Just thought I would share.
Faye Lynn Thompson
"Clean" please and thank you
Faye Lynn Thompson
I'm enjoying the fb and twitter feeds also.


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There has been an ongoing debate about whether or not it is good for an author to read a lot of books while drafting a project. There's also a great deal of debate about whether or not it is wise for an author to read a lot of books, period.
I've always supported people reading a lot of books if they want to write. But I also acknowledge that it is very easy to set a tone and style based on what is read and loved. Authors are touchy about their 'style,' and I'm not really sure why.
Who cares if your story has a similar style to someone else? It is your story, and even if you write in a similar style to another person, no one will tell your story like you will. Two authors can take the exact same premise and come up with two totally different novels as a result.
I understand the worry, but I also understand the benefit to reading while drafting.
When I was a lot less confident about myself, I was afraid to read books while actively drafting. Would people know what I was reading by what I was writing? I didn't want that–I feared that. So I avoided reading.
And I hated it. I love to read. I especially love when a book so absorbs me that I forget to go to sleep, and I'm bleary-eyed the next day because I stayed up till five in the morning, unable to put the book away.
I really shouldn't do that, but sometimes I just can't help myself.
I love to read.
I also love to write.
And there is room for both in my life, though I spend a great deal more of my time writing instead of reading.
It feels good to have found a balance, where I can really enjoy both reading and writing.
But reaching that balance was difficult. I used to abandon reading for months at a time, eventually reaching the point where I would snap and be forced to read every book I could get my hands on so I wouldn't go insane. (Insaner? Insaner!)
It wasn't healthy–not for my sanity, and not for my writing, either. It's not about seeing what is viable on the market, although it is important for knowing what a lot of readers want to read. It's all about stoking creativity–books open the gateways in the mind. When you're reading, you're exercising your imagination, and honing writing skills without realizing it. I do that. I do that a lot. And then I start daydreaming and thinking about the stories that I want to tell.
And from the books I read, I'll learn something new. Oh, you can kill someone like that? Maybe I'll use that inspiration to have an interesting death in one of my books. Oh, that's a really interesting twist–can I apply that concept to parts of my books, or twist that concept to fit what I'm doing?
And there's nothing wrong with that, either. Now, this isn't saying I approve of stealing for authors. I do not, under no circumstances–but there's nothing wrong with being inspired by another's work, or nodding to a creative idea… so long as you make efforts to make it unique to you, and not just directly copying some other author's idea. That's not fair to you, or to them.
There are billions of people on this planet. Nothing is unique or original; they're unique or original to you as an individual. My way of defenestrating someone in a novel will differ from how someone else does it. And that's okay!! It really is.
Worry less about a unique story or idea, worry less about being original. Worry more about spinning good yarn and capturing the imagination and love of your readers. Find out what they love to read. Find out what you love to write.
Find out where the two meet. Write that.
You'll be glad that you did.
Just remember, you can't write the story where the two meet if you don't read. Reading is how you learn what others love to read–and what you love to read.
Ultimately, it is how you learn what you love to write, too.


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Lung Foundation Australia Committee Update
Countless community and clinical volunteers currently and have generously donated their time, skills and support to the projects throughout Lung Foundation Australia over the past 25 years.
This week marks National Volunteer week and the Lung Foundation thanks the volunteers who helped them in the journey to achieve our vision to ensure lung health is a priority for all in Australia.
Lung Foundation Australia CEO Heather Allan said we wouldn't be able to do the significant amount of work without the support of all of our volunteers.
"We're supported by an ever-increasing network of dedicated clinical and community volunteers," Mrs Allan said.
"Like all dynamic organisations, change is unavoidable and we've recently had some movement in our Committees," she said.
"We welcomed Professor Ian Yang as the new chair of the COPD-X Guidelines Committee, Dr Eli to the role of Deputy Chair-COPD-X Guidelines Committee and Professor Brian Smith has also joined the COPD-X Guidelines Committee.
"We would like thank Professor Michael Abramson for his many years of strong leadership to the COPD-X Guidelines Committee.
"Professor Christine McDonald has also been appointed the new Chair of the COPD National Program after being the Deputy Chair of this committee for many years.
"Dr Nicole Goh has been appointed the new Chair of the PIVOT Consultative Group.
"We thank Professor Adam Jaffe for his leadership to the PIVOT Consultative Group and look forward to working with him as the new Chair of the Young Lungs Advisory Group."
Mrs Allan said the Lung Foundation team members looked forward to working with the new Chairpersons and Committee members as they continue to work on increasing uptake of COPD guidelines, education and resources in primary care for the benefit of the patients.
If you are interested in volunteering at Lung Foundation Australia please call 1800 654 301 or email email@example.com


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Airfree's goal is to combine the best technology and design, to create innovative solutions for indoor air, whether for health reasons, comfort or to increase productivity. Airfree products provide clean fresh healthy indoor atmosphere!
Airfree air purifiers require little maintenance. No filter or accessories to change and they generate very little waste!
TSS technology is completely silent. Airfree air purifiers works without ventaliteur or engine. They consume less energy than a 60W bulb. Easy to use and carry, Airfree air purifiers weigh less than 2 kg each and have a minimum footprint. They do not produce any ions and help to reduce the concentration of ozone in the atmosphere.
Discover clean air and a fresher indoor environment at Greenweez with the Airfree product range!


text:
LOWSON OF FORFAR 1898 - 1966 Share Certificate Folder. Jute Issued and unissued.
Sold for:
Start Free Trial
or Sign In to see what it's worth.
- Sold Date:
- Source: eBay UK
JOHN LOWSON JR. & CO. LTDVICTORIA WORKS FORFAR SCOTLAND ~~~~~~~~~ INTERESTING AND UNUSUAL LARGE FOLDER OF SHARE CERTIFICATES CONTAINING UNISSUED CERTIFICATES X 40 AND THE REMAINDER AS ISSUED STUBS WITH SHAREHOLDERS DETAILS. Printed by Duncan Campbell of Glasgow I believe J.R. Lowson Jr. & co. were Jute Manfacturers. The name seems quite well known in the Forfar area. ~~~~ Large pictures to assist in identification..


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There are times when even the most custom and simplest cooking job can become puzzling and exasperating. Cooking rice can be that way but, there is no need for the confusion! Now is the time to buy an electric rice cooker. Not only can you have ideal rice with any
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Other headliners include Solange, ScHoolboy Q, and Flume.
It looks like WayHome, the music festival located a few hours north of Toronto, will be blessed with the presence of Frank Ocean this year. Alongside Frank on the top line are Imagine Dragons and Flume.
Aside from Frank Ocean, other headliners of HNHH interest include Justice, Solange, ScHoolboy Q, Jazz Cartier, Jahkoy, Noname, Russ, and Mura Masa.
Check out the entire list of headliners in the tweet below. Based on the lineup, would you make the trek over to the Canadian countryside to attend the WayHome Festival?
Your #WayHome2017 line-up is here ft. @imaginedragons, #FrankOcean, @flumemusic + more. Tix on-sale Feb 17 @ 10AM // https://t.co/kiT6UJzjlypic.twitter.com/bsNCceCzBY— WayHome Music & Arts (@wayhomefestival) February 13, 2017


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In keeping with our emphasis on prevention and wellness, the Integrative Medicine Center at Norwalk Hospital offers an extensive menu of services for your mind, body and spirit. Our integrative medicine services are science-based, holistic, and proven effective. Overseen by our medical staff, services are available to everyone in our community, including hospital patients.
For more information or to make an appointment call (203) 852-CALM (2256)


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I started writing on HubPages as a creative outlet, but now that I'm beginning to make a little money, I'm changing my outlook.
sort by best latest
HubPages is more than a hobby and more than a little money, for me, HubPages is a great way to read and learn and to be connected to a variety of subjects.
HubPages is much cheaper than National Geographic, and yet I can travel daily to many new places in the world. Best yet, I can interact with the authors and those who have first hand travel knowledge.
The money is nice and motivating but the community and knowledge is what drives me.
I joined to polish my writing skills. I love the community support, the valuable training, and the opportunity to earn income is just an added benefit.
When I started writing on hub pages there was already an article submitted elsewhere which was in review. It was published 4 days after my first hub. When I first started writing on hub pages I had no understanding of search engine optimization.
Those articles are now ranked page one in their respective niches.
One, page one top of page with 1,720,000 competitors. A few have been changed slightly to make them more attractive to readers yet give search engines what they want.
Hub pages gave me what I needed to earn an online living. A supportive community who helped increase my skills. Then writers who help with the business by writing business articles for others.
Never stop learning. You never know what you can put together with what you learn. If you can't earn what you want on hub pages the information you gather could help you in other online endeavors. There are at least a few of us who are earning an online living.
I increase my hub earnings by sharing them with business associates and friends, who share them also. This has increased the search engine rankings of those hubs. I used one hub to show the first (now proven effective) method I used when writing my first hubs.
I tried to vote you up but I'm guessing there is a limit. :( But wow, I thought we were not allowed to tell people to look at our hubs or click them, I'm not sure. The only place I've shared my hubs is on FB.
Gabgirl12 don't know how I missed your comment. I learned long ago sharing the link to an article is not only allowed but necessary. There are places which it is not allowed. Traffic exchanges and safelists because they bring readers who don't read.
I started to give me something to do while my little ones were at school. It has been such a joy being part of HubPages! All the wonderful people I have met and the most amazing things I have learned have made it great. Now that my income is growing little by little and I'm part of the Apprenticeship Program this time around it might become more then just a hobby for me :)
More as a hobby. I'm still learning and I've been here a year. Unfortunately I have not been able to take as much time as I could. And when I do have the time I lack the creative content.
I'm hoping with my next stream of Hubs to make more. I'm quite controversial, but in no way attempting to be offensive. If it makes money, so be it. I really just want my 'internet' voice heard.
My objective on Hubpages has always been: "a hobby which could grow into an income". Fortunately this is so, I have no Adsense yet! Keeping my fingers crossed, but they are really cramped by now!
I'll be honest; for me, its primarily a way to boost my income, although that will take time. So I'm simply enjoying my writing hobby. Although by my calculations, I should receive my first ever payment at the end of June. Fingers crossed.
Same here. I'm super excited to actually make money from this site.
I am glad to write
you here today, please if
you wouldn't mind, write me with this
ID (email@example.com) i have
an important issue to share
with you, waiting for your mail,
You are SO right! It takes time, and work! Glad you're going to get a pay out.
I've always liked to read and write, so I joined Hubpages initially as a way to improve my writing. Then, I liked the interactions with the Hubbers and now I make a little money, which always comes in handy.
This site is a great way to improve my writing skills and expand my portfolio. I love the fact that all of my articles will make me money over time without any more effort on my part.
I started because I like to write, bu the possibility of making some income was appealling as well. I have been unable to establish and Adsense account because they say I had one once and want me to sign into that one. I have no idea what that password was. Google is not helpful in resolving problems at all from my own experience and from what I read here on HP. So, I write anyway because I like to write.
That's too bad about the Adsense. I can't help you with that problem. If you have an account with Amazon and eBay, maybe you will make some sales from them. Maybe do a product review on a product they sell. Keep writing, cause you're good at it!
I just started HubPages two weeks ago, so I consider it a hobby for now. My goal is to earn some income from it.
My income from HubPages thus far has been somewhere between "doodly" and "squat" so I guess it's a good thing that I consider it a hobby. If I were depending on earnings from it, I'd be living in a cardboard box down by the river.
a hobby and nothing more. i don't make money on here and i never have. i enjoy this site and it gives me pleasure to write hubs and ask and answer questions.
I would say hobby. I love to write on subjects that interest me but I do not plan to make a big profit from my hubs. However, I can use this experience creating hubs to boost my writing skills and therefore boost my income as a writer in the distant future.
I don't see myself as a strong writer. I came across hubpages while I was looking for a recipe and looked around. It fascinated me that anyone could write story here and people would read them. After reading several hubs I realized I could doing this myself. After writing my own hub I realized how much I enjoyed doing it. While researching how to write a good hub I discovered that you could make money writing hubs (something I'm sure I should of seen while I was signing up).
I doubt I'll make a dollar writing here but it's been a great hobby. And even if I did make a dollar or two it would still be a hobby because I'm just hubbing for the fun of it.
I just started here to practice writing.
You picked the right place! You will learn a lot from HubPages. Just write, write, write!
Usually i write because i love to travel and i want to share with all the people about my experience. And if i can be able to make some money with my hobby then where is the problem. It will encourage me to write more and more. :)
Writing on HubPages is a passion for me. I never though writing would give me so much pleasure. It was only when i left my full time job due to some personal problems I started writing. I felt that i should have my blog where I could enjoy writing what I want and found HubPages. It is a great platform for all level of writers. More than income personal satisfaction is necessary and this is what i earn by writing HUBS.
Hobby now, but hope I will learn how to make money on hubpages and earn some extra income here.
As I said in my question: I started out with HP as a hobby, but you will find that the more Hubs you write (assuming they are informational, etc.) the more readers you will have, then the money will follow. It takes a while, so don't get discouraged.
Writing is my passion. Earning from it is a reward from doing what I love to do best.
A hobby. Its as interesting to read other people's hubs as it is to write them.
I started on hubpages just four months back as a hobby because I wish to express my thoughts freely which I felt I can do over here. Only lately I have found that this can be a good way of earning some supplementary income. However I am here mainly to vent out my feelings and thoughts to a well educated and informed audience which I found only here.
i never knew about earning on hub pages. i joined in hub to gain more knowledge from genius community. i am very much interested in mutual exchange of views and ideas. it is my main thirst. i give less priority to earning because i need much more talent in writing. i can pass healthy comments, but i have to give sense to writings, earning should not be motto behind my subject. how ever i dream to write at least one hub for my satisfaction. any help please. good hub.
I am new to the hubpages community. Right now it is more of a hobby. I am very much enjoying reading other peoples hubs.
I am working on my first hub and would like my hobby to morph into a way for me to earn income.
For me, it's a hobby. I'm not even set up to make money on it.
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text: I thought I posted this yesterday but it didn't seem to go through...here it goes again. I typically carry a 45, but for 9 millimeter is it ok to use Federal +P Premium HST 124 grain in both 19 & 26 gen. 3? This would just be for SD not range practice. thanks


text:
BOSTON -- Jeff Green will play on Friday night against the Portland Trail Blazers after spraining his right knee in the Boston Celtics loss to the Brooklyn Nets on Wednesday.
Green made the decision to suit up after going through pregame warmups.
"Movement, cutting, if I can tolerate the soreness and pain that I have," he said of his criteria to play. "I can, so I've just got to play through it and go out there and play hard."
The Celtics swingman does not expect to be limited in minutes. He will wear a protective kneepad as a precaution.
"He looked good," said Doc Rivers. "He moved around really well in shootaround this morning. So we're viewing him as a hundred percent."
After undergoing season-ending heart surgery last January, Green isn't getting worked up about this injury.
"This is nothing," he said. "This is nothing at all."
Green is averaging 7.7 points and 2.5 rebounds in 21.5 minutes per game this season.


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Forums \ Street Legal Racing \ F.A.Q / Help Section \ How to change the default OSD?
|#1\2017-04-16 12:28
Posts: 180
United States
This is the OSD that cars use if there is no custom OSD defined in the chassis .cfg. I'd like to know how to change it, because it's different in 2.3.1.
Seriously, what's wrong with me?
pls help i want snivy
PC Specs: CPU: AMD A10-5700 APU @ 3.4 GHz GPU: PNY Geforce GTX 1050 2 GB HDD: 1 TB RAM: 8 GB OS: Windows 10 Home
Laptop Specs: CPU: Intel Core i3 5020U @ 2.2 GHz with Intel HD 5500 Graphics HDD: 1 TB RAM: 6 GB OS: Windows 10 Home
Old PC Specs: CPU: Intel Pentium 4 @ 2.8 GHz GPU: ATi Radeon 9250 HDD: 120 GB RAM: 1 GB OS: Windows XP Home Edition


text:
WATCH: Hero pensioners with combined age of 229 capture serial burglar by SITTING on him
THREE brave OAPs have been praised by police for stopping a serial burglar in his tracks.
Peter Mueller caught the thief red-handed when he opened the door of his mother-in-law's house to find him stuffing jewellery into a bag.
The 70-year-old hero, flanked by relatives Adly Gorrafa, 81, and Sheila Gorrafa, 78, pounced on Stephen Ward and trapped him on the ground.
The trio of pensioners yelled out to neighbours to call the police as they kept him pinned to the floor.
And their have-a-go heroics were caught on camera when officers arrived on the scene.
"I was full of adrenaline and so we took him down on the ground"Peter Mueller
The OAPs are seen in the official police footage calmly getting to their feet in Heanor, Derbyshire. Officers were delighted as they had been hunting the prolific burglar for 18 months.
Ward, of Heanor, was later jailed for 27 months. Derbyshire Chief Constable Mick Creedon, has now handed the trio a Constabulary Award after praising their "remarkable bravery".
Peter, a retired bank director, said: "When I opened the door in the middle of the house, there was a burglar with a bag in his hand.
"He was astonished as the door opened. He starts to spring out with the bag and, when he went to run past us, we stopped him.
"I took one leg of his so he fell down, and all three of us go on his body and hold him.
"We cried to the neighbours to call the police. When I saw this person, I was full of adrenaline and so we took him down on the ground.
"I'm 70 years old and the other two people were 78 and 81. With our weight, he had no chance to escape."


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Great Rivers Environmental Law Center Opens in St. Louis
For Release on October 17, 2002
For More Information Contact:
Melody Monroe
Director of Development
(314) 231-4181
(314) 231-4184 fax
Public interest environmental law center provides pro bono legal services to the public.
St. Louis, Mo - On the 30th anniversary of the Clean Water Act, St. Louis welcomes its first public interest environment center.
Great Rivers Environmental Law Center will provide legal services to organizations, citizens, groups, and individuals who seek to protect and preserve clean air, clean water, wetlands, floodplains, open space and endangered species.
Lewis Green, President of Great Rivers Environmental Law Center, and his law firm have, for more than 30 years, represented environmentalists, often without compensation, because St. Louis has never had a nonprofit environmental law center to represent the public interest in clean air, clean water, and preservation of floodplains, wetlands, and endangered species.
"The national environmental organizations, such as Sierra Club or Audubon Society, do not maintain a staff of lawyers to represent the public interest in local and regional disputes," said Green.
"Publicly funded environmental law centers all over the country are providing free legal work to grass roots advocacy organizations that need legal expertise to advance their missions to protect the environment."
"Because Green Hennings & Henry can no longer carry on this responsibility, we must have a publicly supported environmental law center here.
Great Rivers will meet that need."
Great Rivers Environmental Law Center works through the courts and administrative agencies to safeguard the environment by enforcing environmental laws, especially air and water pollution laws, and laws intended to protect wetlands, floodplains, open space, and endangered species.
The "issues" which Great Rivers Environmental Law Center will raise will often have national significance, although Great Rivers Law Center will initially emphasize Missouri and Illinois.
Great Rivers is already replacing Green Hennings & Henry LLP in representing the Sierra Club, the Missouri Coalition for the Environment, and other citizens organizations and individuals in litigation pending in various courts and administrative agencies.
Great Rivers will continue to work closely with these and other environmentalists in the future.
Since retiring as Chairman of the Missouri Air Conservation Commission in 1969, and co-founding the Missouri Coalition for the Environment in the same year, Green has led the effort to protect the environment in the St. Louis region.
A number of the lawsuits brought by Green Hennings & Henry have achieved significant results.
For example, a suit filed in 1970 preserves Queeny Park as the region's most beautiful park, against government plans to convert it into a golf course.
A suit filed in 1971 brought a judgment compelling the Corps of Engineers in the future (contrary to past practice) to acknowledge its jurisdiction to control any construction below the high water mark of a navigable river, as that mark creeps up tributary creeks and ditches, and to subject any such proposal to scrutiny under the National Environmental Policy Act.
A suit filed a little later prevented the opening of a quarry and rock-crushing plant in the midst of a beautiful residential area in Franklin County.
The firm has successfully prevented the construction of waste disposal facilities, such as medical waste incinerators and landfills, in inappropriate locations, in both St. Louis and St. Charles Counties.
The huge domed stadium is located in downtown St. Louis, rather than the wetlands of the Missouri Bottoms, because of a lawsuit filed in the 80's.
In the 90's the firm protected the public land riverward of Earth City from use as an access to a proposed gambling boat to be stationed there.
In 2001 Green won a judgment from the District Court for the District of Columbia ruling that the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency had violated the Clean Air Act in refusing, since May 15, 1997, to reclassify the St. Louis ozone nonattainment area from "moderate" to "serious," and that ordered her to publish that reclassification promptly.
Among the cases taken over by Great Rivers from the law firm is an outgrowth of that 2001 judgment, a challenge to the lawfulness of the Administrator's withdrawal of the notice, which she had been ordered to publish by the District of Columbia courts.
Another of the pending cases taken over by Great Rivers is a challenge to the lawfulness of a permit issued by the Corps of Engineers to fill wetlands in Hazelwood in order to build a shopping center there.


text:
Get Started
Why FVTC?
Local & National
Learn More
Event date: 3/2/2017 11:30 AM Export event
Thursday, March 2
11:30 a.m.
Appleton Campus
Room E130
Tony has spent his time in the health and fitness industry as a competitive athlete, trainer, nutrition coach, educator, speaker, publisher and author. In his competitive years, Tony became fascinated with how, biologically, nutrition and the foods we consume have a profound effect on performance, body composition and overall blood chemistry as well as state of mind. Over the past 30 years, Tony has devoted his time to educating, coaching and mentoring people to take charge of their own health's destiny.
All Speaker Series events are free and open to the public.


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Bikini babe feeds FLAMINGOS in tiny purple string two-piece on idyllic beach
THE BIKINI babe is seen in clear blue sea water with two pink flamingos literally eating out the palm of her hand.
Video footage captures the moment a woman feeds a flamingo.
The woman, in a revealing purple bikini, is seen kneeling on the sandy sea bed.
On either side of her are two stunning pink flamings.
The busty woman holds out her hand with what appears to be food for the flamingos.
Footage captures bikini babe feeding flamingos
The woman is seen wearing a tiny purple string two-piece
One of the flamingos is seen going straight for the food in her hand several times.
As it feeds from her hand the woman seems to be incredibly happy about it.
The video was uploaded to imgur only five hours ago.
Since then it has gone viral, clocking up more than 110,400 views.
The flamingo is seen going straight for the food in her hand
Many viewers have gone on to comment on the video, with several making remarks about her big boobs.
One person wrote: "T**s and flamingos are my two favourite kinds of birds."
Whilst another person said: "Careful, he might pop one of those things with his beak."
Others went on to comment on her breasts saying they are fake and one person even said they are "really poorly done".
The woman is incredible happy as the flamingo feeds from her hands
The story comes after a TV star was forced to use her co-presenter as a human shield after suffering an embarrassing wardrobe malfunction.
The woman was appearing on the popular TV show Fox Sports en Vivo in a tight white dress.
But the strapless design did little to conceal her modesty as it slipped down on live TV.
She realised her nipples were on display and tries to cover them with her own hands.


text: My wife Beth is 33 years old. 5'7" and about 135 pounds, blond hair and a pretty nice body with a c-cup. I've noticed lately when she goes to the mall, she's been dressing a little differently. Kind of slutty. But I haven't said anything to her about it. Below is an email I received recently. I'm not sure if I should ask her about it. Or just hope I keep getting more emails. I really really want Beth to be happy. I also really want to find out the rest of what happened here. Email I received on 03-16-2011... Hey Dude, My name is Darrell. I wanted to get in touch with you and fill you in on some things. You don't know me, but I know you. Actually, I know your wife Beth a little better. In fact, I know her a lot better, if you catch my drift. At first, I didn't take her for a wrestling fan. She doesn't seem the type. But she's a big fan of wrestling. Didn't know if you knew that. And what I mean by "wrestling fan" is that... well, me and my home boy tag teamed her in a hotel last week. One hot fucking time, I wish you could'a been there to watch, but I'm sure we'll get another chance. She pretty much admitted she's now addicted to sucking black cocks. Let me tell you what happened... I think you you'll like it... In fact, she told me you'd like it a lot, and wanted me to give you all the details. Me and my bro, Duan, like to cruise the mall looking for white girls that might like to take a trip to the dark side. If you can believe it, we get lucky a lot. Last week we were doing our usual thing and came across 'ol Beth shopping for skirts. And Duan, who's pretty forward and can really talk a good game, got her smiling. I suspected we might be in for some fun when I saw her first look at Duan. He's a pretty good looking guy, and he has a good rap with the ladies. That's why I hang with him. He can talk almost any girl into bed. You might wanna watch out, there's more slick talking brothers like him out there, and if Beth runs across any of them, they'd be balls deep in her in no time flat! Horny little slut that she is, can't keep her hands off black dick. Anyway, about 10 minutes into Duan's game, Beth was still trying to get rid of us. Wondering what we were doing hangin round the women's clothes section of a department store. But Duan's a funny guy, and she started to break her down, she started to laugh at some of his jokes. It kind of seemed like she started to flirt as they were talking. Then there was this awkward silence, and I saw something click with her . She got real flush in the face. Red. That's when Duan made his move, and got more personal with the conversation. He started asking about if she had a boyfriend, husband blah blah blah. Then he asked if she liked black guys, and if she'd ever been with one. She shot him a kind of stern, naughty look, then kind of smiled and looked at the floor. Now she was real embarrassed, but looked like she wanted to admit something. I hung back while Duan moved in and whispered something in her ear. Her mouth went wide and she backed off from him. She was still kind of smiling though (I asked Duan what he said later, and he told me he asked her if she wanted to find out first hand which one of us had a bigger cock). But the look on her face... Man.. I knew then we were gonna get bang her. I could tell right then. It's so exciting when I see that the girl has finally decided she's gonna go for it, cause she just knows she's in for one of the hottest fucks of her life. So we head out of the mall, Beth leaves her car and rides with us. My hotel was pretty close to the mall so it doesn't take long. I don't think she could have waited much longer. I could tell she was nervous, but very very excited. She admits in the car that she's always thought about it, but can't believe she's actually going to do it. Fuck a black guy. Duan and I laughed.. "you're gonna fuck two black guys baby-doll!" Then she laughed too, and corrected herself. When we got to the room she looked more nervous. Looking over her shoulder and stuff. But Duan eased her a bit with his smooth talk, and sat her down on the couch. He was telling her how much fun she was gonna have and we were harmless guys and so on.. And that's when she just kind of mumbled "fuck it". I thought she changed her mind. And she was going to split. But she stood up, kicked her shoes off and got down on her knees in front of us. "Give me those fucking cocks before I back out". She said, and brushed her hair back with her hand, inched forward on her knees and raised her head up with her mouth open and eyes closed. JACK-fucking-POT!! Duan said. We unzipped, stripped from the waist down and approached this gorgeous blond in front of us, ready to show her what getting it from two black guys was all about. Beth had her eyes closed, she had a nervous smile. Duan said "open wide baby doll". She obliged, and he gently inserted is 9 inches into her mouth - about half way. (don't know if you know this, but she can take about six inches before she starts gagging). There's more to the story (a lot more! lol) but I gotta run. I'll send you the rest of the details later, maybe some pics too (did I mention we took pics? he he). She sure does love that black snake though. Damn, she's one hot fucking piece of ass. Me and Duan can't wait to get down with her again. -- Darrell


text:
As the inaugural Director of the Texas A&M Coaching Academy, Dr. Thornton brings a wealth of experience as an athlete, coach, and athletic administrator to the position. After playing high school and junior college basketball in San Antonio, Thornton came to Aggieland to play for Coach Shelby Metcalf. Thornton was the 1973-1974 Southwest Conference Newcomer of the Year after being the second-leading scorer and rebounder on the Aggie squad. In 1974-75, Thornton was the team captain and helped lead the Aggies to the 1975 SWC Championship title.
Dr. John Thornton and the Coaching Academy have been fortunate to be featured in a number of different media outlets. Our thanks to all of the reporters and supporters that helped put our story out in the public. You can access all of these media stories by using the links below.
On The Move magazine highlighting the Coaching Academy and Dr. John Thornton, Winter 2014 Edition. (Dell Billings)
12th Man Magazine, "Making An Impact in Aggie Athletics: Dr. John Thornton," Feb. 19, 2014. (Rusty Burson) and Studio 12 Live interview (Buddy Kimberlin)
Video: Texas A&M Athletics Bugle Call featuring Dr. John Thornton
Phone: 979-845-3475 Fax: 979-845-6505


text:
"Big news," Martin wrote on his Twitter account. "Beyond blessed."
In another Tweet, he wrote: "Opportunities are few in the NFL... Can't wait to get to work #9erEmpire."
The 49ers had opened free agency with a sudden swap of safeties, adding safety Antoine Bethea, a two-time Pro Bowler from the Indianapolis Colts, after Donte Whitner left to join his hometown Cleveland Browns.
In other moves, the 49ers re-signed kicker Phil Dawson (two years) and cornerback Eric Wright (one year) and made another surprising trade: getting quarterback Blaine Gabbert in a deal with Jacksonville. Gabbert, the 10th overall pick in the 2011 draft, has been such a disappointment that the Jaguars parted company with him for a sixth-round pick and the possibility of more compensation depending on Gabbert's role with the 49ers in 2014.
That is not expected to be much, at least in the view of Bill Polian, the former Indianapolis Colts executive who now serves as an analyst for ESPN.
"I would not count on him to contribute to the squad," Polian said of Gabbert.
The secondary's overhaul could have the biggest impact, however. Part of that transition was cornerback Carlos Rogers' release after three seasons to help ease salary-cap constraints.
With cornerback Tarell Brown joining Rogers in free agency, gone are all four starting defensive backs from the 2012 season's Super Bowl run. Safety Dashon Goldson started that exodus a year ago when he grabbed the Tampa Bay Buccaneers' loot, and Whitner followed suit Tuesday with a four-year, $28 million deal to help restore the Browns.
"My time in San Fran will always be cherished," Whitner posted on Twitter. "I love everything about the place. I left my heart and soul out there each and every week."
Bethea thus becomes the favorite to pair with second-year safety Eric Reid. Bethea signed a four-year deal that's worth $4 million to $5 million annually, according to various reports.
"Glad to be a Niner!! Going to the Bay!!!" Bethea posted on Twitter.
Bethea, 29, is a year older than Whitner, but both came out of the 2006 draft. Bethea was a sixth-round pick out of Howard whereas Whitner went No. 6 overall out of Ohio State (to the Buffalo Bills).
Unlike Whitner, Bethea rarely draws penalties and went all of last season without committing one, as was the case with Reid's rookie year. Meanwhile, Whitner got flagged five times for unnecessary roughness last season, including in the NFC Championship game loss to the Seattle Seahawks.
"The business side to the league is never fun," Reid posted on Twitter. "Hate to see him go but happy for my man (Whitner). Appreciate everything you did for me."
Joining Reid and Bethea in the starting secondary likely will be cornerbacks Chris Culliver (out with a knee injury in 2013), Tramaine Brock (five interceptions in seven starts last year) and Wright, who figures to replace Rogers as the slot corner. More cornerbacks could be coming, though the 49ers don't have much salary-cap room to make a play for the Buccaneers' Darrelle Revis.


text:
The new Samsung Z400 can also be sampled at Hannover, Germany. This is a 3G phone, supporting UMTS 2.1 GHz, as well as GSM/GPRS 900/1800/1900 MHz networks. Touted as a business phone, the phone comes with built-in document viewers.
The phone sports a bright 2" 240x320 pixel resolution (QVGA) LCD TFT display capable of outputting 262k colors. User-accessible memory, while limited at 30MB, can happily be extended using a separate microSD memory card - ideal for storing photos from the 2-megapixel camera or your favorite songs.
The Samsung Z400 also has an integrated music player that can play MP3/AAC/AAC+/e-AAC+. Go wireless with Bluetooth technology. PC connectivity is possible via a USB data cable, and thanks to PictBridge provision, you can print your photos without accessing a PC.
Samsung SGH-Z400 biz Phone Specification:


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Sector Nine's downhill longboard skateboard film Second Nature is definitely not your run of the mill skateboard movie, Second Nature takes you deep inside the Sierra Mountains of Northern California and into the depths of Colin Blackshears chaotic mind.
The film features Noah Sakamoto and Patrick Rizzo in some high speed cat and mouse downhill skateboarding action while documenting each drift with extreme precision, but not always.
Wipe-outs are putting it softly – It's complete carnage. These guys do some serious shredding at remarkable speeds. When we say shred, we mean shred.
Grab a Pepsi and some Gummie Bears for your girlfriend. you're not going to want to get up once Second Nature starts. You are in for a twisted presentation like no other.
Second Nature is abstract, chaotic, and exhilarating. You're not going to want to watch Second Nature just once. Enjoy the ride.


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Evo V2 has a redesigned internal layout which delivers a quieter and more refined experience that is the equal of any commercial espresso machine.
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Mobile Home Parks in Guadalupe County, TX. Looking for a mobile home park, mobile home community, manufactured home community, multi family housing? MHBay.com has 13 mobile home parks in Guadalupe County, TX. Contact us to list your mobile home park in the directory.
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Golf Site MHP
Locate close to the heart of historic downtown Seguin. Golf Site is a great community for someone looking to be close to the center of town...
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Review for Mythical Sirens Summer Night by Miriadriel
update? Rated 5 out of 5 stars
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Casa Greens Exotica is located in Vrindavan Yojna of Awas Vikas Parishad,Govt of U.P on Rae Barelli Road, Lucknow. The project has flipped and tilted club house with 3 sides open flats with fully glazed windows for fresh and airy apartments ensuring a fresh living experience.\n
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Construction Image June 2016
Casa Greens Exotica Family


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Stem Cell Delivery Method Shows Promise for Treating End Stage Heart Failure
A new clinical trial to test how a high dose of stem cells delivered via a method called "retrograde coronary sinus infusion" affects end stage heart failure patients is showing promising results. The trial, conducted by an international team led by researchers at the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT appears in the current issue of STEM CELLS Translational Medicine. ... Read MoreInternal Medicine


text:
ALLAN MACDONALD (b. 1965) is best known for his 'painterly' Scottish landscapes in oil. These are often of light energetic birch trees, the northern coast, or a shadow cast from vast mountain. MACDONALD's work has often been compared to Tom Thomson, of the Canadian 'Group of Seven'.
ALAN MACDONALD has lived most of his life in Inverness-shire and studied at the Edinburgh Collage of Art. In the words of Art Critic Georgia Coburn
'Allan MacDonald's breath taking seascapes reveal why he is regarded as one of the UK's most respected and accomplished landscape artists. The beauty of MacDonald's Art lies in its sheer physicality and meditative insight. His is an Art of going out to face the elements in all weathers, in driven pursuit of moments of understanding and connection.
From a review of 'Rock of Ages' 2015, Georgina Coburn