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We are used to living a life "on the surface". We have been taught only to examine things in the external world. No one has ever taught us how to look deeper, behind all the distractions. We analyze things, but mostly in a rational way and not by heart. We don't take a minute to think "How do I REALLY feel about that?". We take random decisions based on common sense. We don't listen to ourselves.
Stop for a moment your busy mind and just listen to yourself "How DO you feel?"
A very common issue that many have is the career. Here is a hypothetical example. What you really want to do for a living, is to make jewellery. All your friends and family advise you to do something else that is more "stable", more easy to make money off.
They finally convince you, that what you really want is not possible to happen and that it's just a hobby; that you cannot make a living out of it.
As a result, you end up doing something else that is "better" and more acceptable than this, like being a teacher for example. The question is: what could be better than your passion?
This is one reason why many people end up miserable and totally disconnected from themselves. Because they simply do something in their lives that they don't really like. Unfortunately, this can happen in all the sectors of our lives.
What meditation does, is helping you see who you truly are, and what you truly like and want in life. Without all the "special effects" around you. When you meditate it's just you there, and you have to let go of everything. Not be afraid, and be totally honest with yourself. You have to hear the little voice inside of you, that so many of us have drowned, never heard, or didn't even know it exists. This little voice is YOU, and if you start listening to it, you will experience true peace, happiness, love and harmony inside of you.
so….what is meditation?
Meditation is the practice that helps us understand our mind and how it works.
It's a state where the mind is relaxed and free from all the thoughts, but yet completely alert.
It makes us "see" the true nature of things without any influence from our own point of view. In other words, it makes us more objective, seeing the overall aspect in any circumstance in life.
It's a technique that has as a goal to make the mind stop being restless and make it free of all scattered/unnecessary thoughts, attaining the perfect balance.
Meditation can make us change the way we see the world.


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Full credit history must be reported.
I know your feeling. I had 3 loans and, over the years, it looked on my report like I had 6. When they get transferred from one payment area to another, it ends up being reported as separate loans, and that is how it must be under the Fair Credit Reporting Act (a federal law). It looks messier than it is.
What you do need to do is make the regular payments on the consolidated loan and get the loans paid in full as soon as possible. Student loans do not have a statute of limitations and will remain on your report until such time as they are paid off.
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| Follow .
Focus: TV Shows Buffy: The Vampire Slayer, Since: 09-14-04
Founder: goddessa39 - Stories: 135 - Followers: 59 - Staff: 7 - id: 745
BuffyAngel always! That's my motto, and it is yours too if you join in with this C2. From short to lengthy, here we celebrate their love... or at least Buffy when Angel is away...


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On request I am making my soon to be eight year old niece a cardigan. When it came time to buy the yarn, I showed her the colours. I knew she would choose pink, and it didn't surprise me when she chose the pinkest pink in the world. I'm really looking forward to knitting with such a vibrant colour.
I bought this from Purlwise, and was six dollars under their free shipping cap. So, instead of paying for shipping I bought some sock yarn, of course. I've been looking for an Orang-utan orange to make Leon a pair of Ook socks (one of the socks in the discworld sock series) and I think this will do very nicely.


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Hollywood glamour in the 1980s was extraordinary—the glitz, the vibrancy, and the stars who made the looks famous formed a powerful elixir that American culture was eager to consume. In the middle of it all were Randy McLaughlin and Jerry Skeels, life partners for nearly 30 years and founders of Jeran Designs.
McLaughlin and Skeels created some of the most iconic fashions of the 1980s, including the sparkling red gown worn by Joan Collins on her December 1983 Playboy cover and the wedding dress with a 10-foot train worn by Nikki Reed Newman (Melody Thomas Scott) on The Young and the Restless. But without a doubt, the most revered of the duo's works is the Hollywood Graffiti Gown—a German velvet couture dress adorned with more than 350 hand-beaded signatures of some of the most famous women in entertainment and other fields, including Elizabeth Taylor, Bette Davis, Barbra Streisand, Liza Minnelli, Bettie Page, and even Mother Teresa. (A recent addition: the cast of Desperate Housewives.)
Now McLaughlin (Skeels died in 2007) is putting the Hollywood Graffiti Gown, three decades in the making, up for auction, and donating the proceeds to HIV and AIDS organizations including Project Concern, AIDS Project Los Angeles, the Academy of Friends, and TV Cares.
The idea of the dress first came to McLaughlin in 1980. "I closed my eyes and had this vision of a gown," he says. "I told [Jerry] it had a high neck, dolman sleeves, and a long train, and it had signatures on it. All I knew is that it was going to be the most famous gown in the whole world, and it was going to represent something for a good cause that will help people. Then in 1982, I remember reading the L.A. Times. In big bold letters on the cover, it said, 'The Gay Plague.' I thought, Oh, my God, what is that? Later they gave it the name AIDS."


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Mildred Pierce is a 1941 hardboiled novel by James M. Cain. It was made into an Academy Award-winning 1945 film of the same name, starring Joan Crawford, and a 2011 Emmy Award-winning miniseries of the same name, starring Kate Winslet.
This content is from Wikipedia. GradeSaver is providing this content as a courtesy until we can offer a professionally written study guide by one of our staff editors. We do not consider this content professional or citable. Please use your discretion when relying on it.


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Innovative Manitoba workplace safety program for young workers goes national
Provincial and federal labour ministers have jointly launched a national video contest that builds on Manitoba's SAFE Schools Grant program to help educate students about the importance of workplace safety and health, Family Services and Labour Minister Jennifer Howard announced after a meeting of federal, provincial and territorial labour ministers wrapped up this week.
"I was thrilled to be able to share stories of the success we've had with Manitoba's SAFE Schools grant program with my colleagues from across Canada," said Howard. "Our young people have seen their ideas for safer work places shared with other students, employers and labour officials. It is very gratifying to see that other students across the country will soon have this opportunity as well."
The new national social media contest, It's Your Job!, is intended to challenge young people, 18 to 24 years of age, to create videos demonstrating the importance of workplace safety and rights, Howard said. The winning projects will be entered in an international film festival in Germany.
This is the second year for the SAFE Schools Grant program in Manitoba. Ten grants of $2,000 each are available to 10 high schools that submit applications for projects that raise awareness of safety and health among youth. Examples of successful projects from 2011-12 include videos, board games and calendars. Details on the 2012-13 SAFE Schools grant initiative were delivered to all Manitoba high schools earlier this year and schools are invited to submit project ideas or completed projects by Oct. 31.
While there has been notable success in reducing workplace injuries in Manitoba, young workers remain among the most vulnerable to get hurt at work, the minister added.
In consultation with the Safe Workers of Tomorrow Safety Centre, the Minister's Advisory Council on Workplace Safety and Health evaluates proposals and selects 10 successful projects. Completed projects may be displayed during the 2013 Day of Mourning event and may be profiled on the SAFE Manitoba website.
More information on Manitoba's SAFE Schools Grant program and the national social media contest is available HERE.
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Live monitoring
Live monitoring feature allows authorized users (supervisors) to listen to the active calls in real-time. Such feature helps monitor customer service in real-time, train new employees, and escalate problems as soon as possible.
A special application Live Player should be installed on a supervisor's computer. This application was designed to provide a superior audio latency (less than 200ms).
If user has appropriate permissions, he/she will be able to see
live monitor this call button when viewing active calls. Upon clicking on this button, the Live Player application should be automatically started. If it doesn't start, then verify if it has been installed previously on a supervisor's computer (you can download it from here).
Live monitoring feature supports two modes:
- Monitoring of a single call
- Monitoring of consecutive calls of particular agent
In the first case, a monitoring session automatically terminates when call completes.
In the second case, a monitoring session is automatically restored when the monitored agent makes/receives a new call. Supervisor initiates a live monitoring session once and keeps listening to the consecutive calls of a particular agent automatically.
In order to start monitoring of the consecutive calls, supervisor needs to select one of agents'old calls , then click on "Open in new window" button and then he/she will see
Live monitor phone ___ link.
How it works
Live monitoring feature is built-in to MiaRec recording core. It doesn't depend on a phone system and it works with any recording method (passive or active).
Live Player application communicates with MiaRec recording core via RTSP protocol. If you see error "Server is off-line" inside Live Player application, then verify firewall settings on the MiaRec server side.


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The latest debt trends & analysis from our industry experts
If you're part way through Debt Remedy...
If you're an existing DMP client...
We welcome MAS's openness in consulting on their plans. As the UK's largest specialist provider of debt advice and solutions, our response shares our experience and expertise to define a plan that improves the way our sector serves people in need.
We would like a more ambitious final Business Plan that delivers more funding for free debt advice and solutions. This should not be "more of the same" but break new ground in terms of commissioning process and delivery. We call for fully open access to funding as part of a refreshed framework that secures innovation and diversity of provision for service users, efficiency and effectiveness for funders, and long term stability for all stakeholders.
MAS say there is "a significant and widening funding gap" for free debt advice. In this context, their proposal for an extra £3 million funding, securing 43,000 additional debt advice sessions, doesn't seem ambitious enough as capacity would still decline. Meanwhile, demand for debt advice will grow in the short term, driven by the economy and increasing financial vulnerability. We think MAS should aim to grow overall capacity year on year. An increase in front line debt advice funding of £7 million would represent a serious start in the journey to match debt advice services to the need.
Recognising the additional burden on levy-payers, the sector needs to change in response to extra funding: agencies need to collaborate to provide the best journeys for clients, and each provider has an obligation to improve efficiency and productivity, and demonstrate effectiveness.
We welcome the move towards the commissioning focus set out by the Government, and welcome MAS's early engagement with the sector on how future commissioning should work. We believe commissioning should ensure diversity of provision, in appropriate channels, and bring in fresh thinking on how to deliver the best client outcomes. We encourage MAS to look into funding debt solutions, particularly debt relief orders, and enabling innovation and efficiency by funding digital infrastructure.
We would like the final Business Plan to:
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Foundation for Credit Counselling Wade House, Merrion Centre, Leeds, LS2 8NG trading as StepChange Debt Charity and StepChange Debt Charity Scotland. A registered charity no.1016630 and SC046263. It is a limited company registered in England and Wales (company no:2757055). Authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority.
*This is the average rating of our service based on the StepChange reviews on Feefo by DMP and DRO clients three months into their solution.
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- On Track Education Centre (Silsoe)
Building 53
Wrest Park
- Head: Mr Noel Hopper
- E firstname.lastname@example.com
- W www.ontrackedu….co.uk/silsoe/
- An independent school for boys and girls aged from 11 to 16.
- Boarding: No
- Local authority: Central Bedfordshire
- Pupils: 12
- Religion: None
- Ofsted report: View the Ofsted report
What the parents say...
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Thank the school
Parents and pupils often have cause to acknowledge the help and support they have received from their schools, for example in helping in the choice of further education or careers. "Say thank you" allows you to send a quick note of appreciation to the school in general or to an individual teacher.
This is a thank you to your school, teacher or careers adviser who helped you to get where you are now.
Please fill in the fields below, which we will transform into a letter of thanks from you to them.
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Grand Jury Probes News Leaks at NSA
Saturday, July 29, 2006
A federal grand jury in Alexandria is investigating unauthorized leaks of classified information and has issued a subpoena to a fired National Security Agency officer who has acknowledged talking with journalists about the agency's warrantless surveillance program, according to documents released yesterday.
The 23-member grand jury is "conducting an investigation of possible violations of federal criminal laws involving unauthorized disclosure of classified information" under the Espionage Act and other statutes, according to a document accompanying the subpoena.
The demand for testimony from former NSA officer Russell Tice provides a sign of the Justice Department's aggressiveness in pursuing the leak investigation, which follows a series of controversial news reports on classified programs. It also marks the latest potential use of the espionage statute to combat such leaks.
In December, Justice opened a criminal investigation after the New York Times disclosed the existence of the eavesdropping program, which allows the NSA to monitor telephone calls to and from the United States without a court order if one party is linked to suspected of links to terrorist groups. The documents released yesterday do not make it clear whether the grand jury is focused on that report or on some other disclosure.
Tice has publicly identified himself as a possible source for the report, saying that he talked to Times reporters before it was published. He also has said he believes he was fired by the NSA last year because he complained of possible Chinese espionage at the agency, and he has since sought to testify before Congress about "probable unlawful and unconstitutional acts" by the NSA director and other senior administration officials.
Tice said in an interview that he viewed the subpoena as an attempt at intimidation by the government. "This is the king saying, 'How dare anyone challenge my authority and say that I'm a crook or a criminal?' " he said.
The subpoena, dated July 25, requires Tice to appear Aug. 2. It was posted yesterday on the National Security Whistleblowers Coalition's Web site. Tice is a member of the group.
New York Times spokeswoman Catherine Mathis said the newspaper has "not been contacted by the government" in the case. A Justice spokesman declined to comment.
Attorney General Alberto R. Gonzales has said that while prosecutors are focused on the "leakers," he cannot rule out the need to demand testimony from reporters as well. A separate grand jury investigation into the leak of CIA officer Valerie Plame's identity resulted in the jailing last year of one reporter and testimony from her and numerous others.
Journalism and secrecy experts said the Alexandria investigation is another worrisome development for reporters attempting to inform the public about intelligence programs and policies.
"They are playing hardball," said Lucy Dalglish, executive director of the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press. ". . . They're rounding up the most likely suspects, getting them to say 'Yes I was a source' or 'No I was not a source,' and then they'll go to the reporters."
Researcher Julie Tate contributed to this report.


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Here's why Jesus isn't a fan of Chuck E. Cheese and another sign of the apocalypse: Moms Brawl at Chuck E. Cheese…
A child's birthday party at a Chuck E. Cheese restaurant was cut short after a fight broke out between two mothers. Natick police said the mom of the 9-year-old birthday boy apparently became enraged because the other woman's son was "hogging" an arcade game.
Sgt. Paul Thompson said Catherine Aliaga, 38, and Tarsha Williams, 33, both of Boston, would be summoned into court to answer charges of simple assault and battery stemming from the scuffle…He said what started as a birthday celebration turned into a "birthday melee."
I know this story if funny but it's also kinda funny in a not so funny way [How's that for an overcomplexified sentence?]. I admit that every now and then, our family goes there [on a weekday around 3pm when it's mostly empty]. The pizza's mediocre but I like going there to enjoy the arcades games for .25. I can hog the games and bully the kids around when their moms aren't watching. But after attending a kid's birthday part [on a Saturday afternoon] couple years ago, my wife and I vowed never to go there again for a birthday party. I am convinced that no matter how gracious Jesus is, He would never attend a birthday party at Chuck E. Cheese. Here's why:
- Jesus likes your home. What ever happened to inviting friends, family, and neighbors to your home? Some may not have homes that can accomodate all their guests so I understand that but there are better options that Chuck E. Cheese.
- Jesus like simplicity. Why do parents always feel like we have to entertain people and kids with stuff? Enough with keeping up with the Jones'. I told Minhee I'm busting out my guitar to play an hour of the "Freeze Game" for my son's upcoming party in June. That's as fancy as it gets.
- Jesus likes conversations and community. Have you ever been to Chuck E. Cheese during the weekends? It is utter chaos. I don't remember a single conversation with any of the parents. You are so busy trying to get your voice heard that you simply can't enjoy the children or the conversations that you're having with other parents. Simply, Chuck E. Cheese doesn't = good conversations & community building and the last time I checked, Jesus was about good conversations and community building. And of course, the Kingdom of God but that's another post.
- Jesus likes peace. Jesus did not come for two moms to fight over hogging etiquettes at Chuck E. Cheese. But goodness, if this was captured on video, it would be an instant YouTube hit. Just say no to fighting at Chuck E. Cheese. This isn't the only incident at CEC. Check out this newstory from earlier in the year:
It was jammed packed. Too packed. Like a club," said witness Margie Waters.
Baker will never look at the mouse the same way again.
"Chuck E. Cheese was singing. And Chuck E. Cheese saw the fight," she said.
Baker and Chuck E. Cheese weren't the only ones who saw it. Baker's uncle did, too.
"You know, it was just crazy," he said.
In fact, authorities say up to 80 people may have been involved. Several teenagers apparently started it.
Police soon broke out the pepper spray.
"We were, like, 'Stop, stop. You're spraying the babies. You're spraying the babies,'" Waters said. [read full story]
- Last but not least, Jesus does not like Rats. Who in their right mind likes rats? Seriously, we're allowing big Rats to entertain our kids and lead them in the birthday song?
Filed under: entertainment, family, religion, chuck e. cheese


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Property Summary
Guide price £260,000
Branch Details
8 Front Street, Wolsingham, County Durham, DL13 3AA
Building Plot, Toft Hill
• Building plot • Outline planning for one residential dwelling • Sold with grassland extending to approximately 4.58Ha (11.3Ac) • Pleasantly situated • Ideal commuter location
The Area
Toft Hill is placed on the excellent commuter route of the A68 which runs north to south. The village has ideal transport links for those wishing to retain their rural routes whilst having the flexibility and ease of being able to commute to the region's major cities. Toft Hill itself offers a local village shop/newsagents, primary school, doctor's surgery and a traditionally run public house all within 5 minutes walking distance of the property.
A wider range of shopping, educational and recreational facilities can be found within the neighbouring marketing towns of Bishop Auckland, Darlington and Wolsingham, from which there are links with the major commercial centres of the North East, either via road or via the east coast mainline railway.
The Property
Outline planning permission has been granted for the erection of one residential dwelling on a site situated in a pleasant position on the outskirts of Toft Hill. Ideally suited to those seeking a self build opportunity, the plot is excellently located for the commuter. The site is of generous proportions and benefits from a private driveway. The site is sold with approximately 4.58Ha (11.3Ac) of grassland to the rear of the site.
The property benefits from outline planning permission application number DM/16/02723/OUT. The planning is due for expiry in October 2019.
1. There are no mains services connected to the site at present however there are connection points within the locality.
2. The sale plan included within these particulars is for illustration purposes only. Any interested parties should make their own investigations in regard to exact measurements.
From Wolsingham, follow the A689 sign posted for Crook and A68, at Harperley roundabout, take the third exit on to the A68, continue, passing through the village of Fir Tree, upon reaching Toft Hill, turn right, immediately before The Sportsman public house, and travel for approximately 150 metres before turning right. The property is located on the left hand side as identified by a George F White For Sale board.


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Re: [PrimeNumbers] Nuutti Kuosa et al.'s Factorial Prime search.
Expand Messages
- Phil Carmody wrote:
> Apparently I have the most complete mirror of Nuutti's site, andIf you want old contents of a URL then try the Internet Archive:
> the most up-to-date information, but unfortunately some of it is
> contradictory. Does anyone have any information about completed
> ranges that is more up-to-date than the info at:
> http://fatphil.org/Nuutti/
> http://fatphil.org/Nuutti/minus/minus.html
Jens Kruse Andersen
- Ed Pegg Jr. wrote:
> Is the following true?Yes, this and more is true. Any number n can be proven prime/composite
> For any number n with less than 20000 digits, if n+1 or n-1 is
> an easily factorable smooth number, then the primality/non-primality
> of n can be established with certainty.
"easily", in time O(d^2 * log d * log log d) where d = log n, _if_ enough of
the prime factorization of n+1 or n-1 is known.
This time is much faster than the average time to find a probable prime.
The known prime factors of n+/-1 don't have to be small, they just have to be
proven primes.
> If so, what is the primality proof method called?There are different proof methods with different names, depending on the form
and factorization percentage of n+/-1. The methods are generally called
"classical tests".
See the Prime Pages for details: http://primes.utm.edu/prove/prove3.html
The popular flexible program PrimeForm/GW implements a BLS proof
PrimeForm/GW can prove any n up to a million or more digits, if the product of
known factors of n-1 or n+1 is at least n^(1/3), or a little less for combined
n-1 and n+1 proofs.
Some BLS "extensions" not implemented in PrimeForm can prove numbers with less
n+/-1 factorization.
David Broadhurst's KP (Konyagin-Pomerance) PARI script can handle n^0.3.
John Renze's CHG (Coppersmith-Howgrave-Graham) PARI script (currently being
debugged) can handle down to around n^0.27, depending on the size of n, the
used computer, and the acceptable time.
It is utterly hopeless to find enough n+/-1 factorization to easily prove
primality of a random n above 1000 digits.
If you get "lucky", you can find a large probable prime cofactor of n-1 or
n+1. You cannot prove primality of that cofactor significantly easier than of
n itself, so it doesn't help in practice.
The largest proven prime n without large n+/-1 factorization is the ECPP
record with 15071 digits: http://primes.utm.edu/top20/page.php?id=27
The top-20 for a publicly available program is all with the ECPP program Primo
with record at 7993 digits: http://www.ellipsa.net/primo/top20.html
Jens Kruse Andersen
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|Home | About | Journals | Submit | Contact Us | Français
Depressed mothers, especially those who are African American, are likely to underutilize mental health services. Children of depressed mothers are an at-risk population with mental health needs that are often unmet. This prospective pilot study examined 3-month frequency rates and predictors of mental health utilization for a sample of African American depressed mothers and their children.
Mothers and 1 of their children completed assessment interviews. Three months later, mothers completed a telephone interview of maternal and child mental health utilization.
Overall, 65.3% of depressed mothers and 36.7% of their children had utilized mental health services. Logistic regression analyses indicated that initial mental health treatment significantly predicted maternal mental health utilization. Maternal reports of child behavioral problems significantly predicted child mental health utilization.
The findings were consistent with other research and showed evidence of mental health use among African Americans who are in need of such services.
Depression is a serious psychiatric disorder, as it has the highest ranked cause of disability among all medical conditions found in women according to the World Health Organization.1,2 Studies internationally indicate that major depression is of high prevalence in women of childbearing and child-rearing years.3 Depression is particularly salient for African American women for several reasons. Evidence suggests that African American women have higher risks for depression due to factors such as socioeconomic status, chronic medical issues, and stigma of mental illness that continue in some African American communities.4 Although the 12-month prevalence rate of major depressive disorder (MDD) for African Americans is similar to the rates for other racial ethnic groups, the chronicity and severity of depression is greater for African Americans.5 A growing evidence base describes a health disparity in mental health services utilization for African Americans.6,7 National surveys of African Americans suggest that 2.5% of women received mental health services for any psychiatric condition within the past year7 and that 45% of African Americans with MDD received any treatment.5 The underutilization of mental health services by African American women is deleterious for their own functioning as well as for their families.
Utilization rates for depressed mothers are relatively low, which is especially concerning given the impact of the disorder. In a study investigating mental health treatment rates for a community sample of mothers (7.4% being African American women) with postpartum depression symptoms, 12% of the women who screened high on depression received psychotherapy and between 3.4% to 6% received medication at 3 and 4 months post-partum.8 In a study using an urban primary care sample of mothers (93% of the sample were Hispanic and 6% were African American) aged 25 to 55, only 49% of the depressed mothers had received mental health treatment in the past month prior to the study enrollment.9 In another study of new mothers, only 17% of African American mothers who exhibited at least moderate depressive symptoms reported talking to a mental health professional.10 These studies suggest that depressed mothers of diverse ethnic backgrounds underutilize mental health services. Available studies further suggest that African American mothers in particular are more at risk for underutilization of services when compared to other ethnic groups. In a study examining Medicaid records of perinatal non-Hispanic white and African American mothers in an urban area, African American mothers were half as likely to use mental health services.11 Despite this apparent disparity of mental health services for depressed mothers, there is a lack of studies specifically focusing on the needs of African American mothers and their children.
Maternal depression is a mental health problem that is devastating to the children as well. Extensive research describes the negative effects of maternal depression on children's socioemotional functioning from infancy to adulthood. These children are at a high risk for developmental delays, neurochemical imbalances, and externalizing and internalizing behavior problems.12–14 Children of depressed mothers have increased risks for major depression, anxiety disorders, substance dependence, social impairment, medical problems, and mortality.15 By the age of 20, the children of depressed parents have a 40% chance of experiencing a major depressive episode, and this rate increases to 60% by the age of 25.16 Depression beginning in childhood and adolescence continues into adulthood and is linked to substantial morbidity and risk of suicide.3 The negative impact of maternal depression has been demonstrated among African American families.17–19
Children of depressed mothers are in need of mental health services to prevent the onset of psychiatric disorders and to provide treatment when needed. In a longitudinal study of adolescents of depressed parents in western Oregon, maternal depression increased risk for mental health service use in young adulthood.20 In another longitudinal study of children of depressed parents, 39% of the sample received any psychiatric treatment over the 20-year follow-up despite the poor course of sustained social and medical morbidity.15 Both of these longitudinal studies into adulthood had few minorities within their samples. In a study by Weissman and colleagues9 of the urban primary care sample described previously, 39% of depressed mothers endorsed that they did not access needed mental health services for their children.
In a related study, Mowbray and colleagues examined mental health service utilization for children of mothers with severe mental illness (57.5% African American, 38.9% with MDD) from poor urban areas.21 Findings showed that 24.9% of the children aged 4 to 16 years had received mental health or school services within the past year. This study also showed that the cross-sectional predictors of service use for children included: (1) parent report of internalizing and externalizing problems (using the Child Behavior checklist22), (2) maternal substance abuse history and high level of case management, (3) non–African American race, and (4) less financial satisfaction.
There is limited research on mental health utilization for depressed mothers and their children despite the significant intergenerational impact of depression. The current investigation contributes to the research by documenting the mental health services utilization with standardized measures for both mothers with depression and their children and examining predictors of utilization using a prospective design. The focus on African American mothers with depression and their children is important because there are few empirical studies on mental health services use among this at-risk, under-served population. Thus, the aims of this study are to: (1) examine the 3-month mental health utilization of African American mothers with depression and their children, and (2) identify demographic and psychological predictors of mental health utilization among African American mothers and their children. It is hypothesized that there will be an underutilization of mental health services for mothers and children. Similar to findings from Mowbray and colleagues,21 it is expected that maternal depression severity, baseline treatment utilization, and child internalizing and externalizing behavior problems will positively predict mental health utilization for mothers and children and that low income will negatively predict mental health utilization for mothers.
The participants consisted of 51 mother-child dyads. The mothers ranged in age from 23 to 63 years, with a mean age of 39.3 (SD = 7.6) years. Race/ethnicity was obtained by maternal self-report, and participants were allowed to make more than 1 choice. All mothers identified their race as African American; however, 9.8% (n = 5) also identified with other races. Two percent (n = 1) also identified with Hispanic ethnicity. The majority of the mothers were single (86.3%, n = 44), received public assistance (62.7%, n = 32), and had yearly incomes of $20 000 or less (68.6%, n = 35). Thirty-seven percent (n = 19) of the mothers worked full-time or part-time, while 25.5% (n = 13) of the sample received disability compensation. The children ranged in age from 7 to 14 years, with a mean age of 11.2 (SD = 2.1) years. Approximately 65% (n = 33) of the children were female. Similarly, mothers identified all of their children as African American; however, 11.8% (n = 6) also identified with other races. Two children (2.9%) were also of Hispanic ethnicity.
This pilot investigation was part of a descriptive study examining the transmission of depression between African American mothers and their children. Mothers were eligible for the study if they (1) were African American, (2) had a primary current or past-year psychiatric diagnosis of a depressive disorder, and (3) were the primary caregiver of a school-aged child who resided at least part-time with them. Mothers could not have (1) history of bipolar disorder or psychotic disorders, (2) current or past-year diagnosis of substance dependence, or (3) self-report of diagnosis of mental retardation. Children were excluded from participation if there was maternal report of a diagnosis of mental retardation. Mothers participated in a diagnostic interview (Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [Fourth Edition, Text Revision] Axis I Disorders)23 conducted by the primary author to determine their eligibility for the study. Eligible mothers and 1 of their children completed a battery of assessment questionnaires read aloud by research assistants. Both mother and child were paid $20 for the assessment interview. Permission to be contacted for a telephone interview about mental health services for themselves and their child 3 months later was obtained during the mother and child assessment. Mothers were contacted by telephone to complete mental health services questionnaires and were paid $5 for participation. Written consent was collected from the mother and assent was collected from the child. This study was approved by the hospital and the public health department institutional review boards prior to initiation of the study.
Mothers were recruited from outpatient mental health agencies, research studies, ads in local newspapers, homeless shelters, and an elementary school throughout a large metropolitan area in the United States. To facilitate recruitment, childcare was provided and participants received bus tokens or reimbursement for parking costs. Through recruitment efforts, 63 mother-child dyads completed the assessment. The largest recruitment sources for the sample were research studies (34.9%, n = 22), newspaper ads (30.2%, n = 19), and outpatient mental health agencies (23.8%, n = 15). Of the 63 mothers, 81% (n =51) completed the 3-month telephone interview. Those who completed the services data differed from the rest of the sample in that they were more likely to be of lower income, χ2 (1) = 4.86, p < .05. They did not differ in regards to age of parent or child, parent or child depression scores, child anxiety, child behavioral problems, or baseline maternal treatment status.
Cornell Service Index24 is an 18-item interview that measures quantity, type, and characteristics of services used by adults seeking mental health treatment. It has good interrater reliability and adequate test-retest reliability among community samples of adults newly admitted to outpatient mental health clinics. The index has been used in multisite studies of depression25,26 and a study of depressed adults in outpatient settings.27 A 3-month time frame was used for this current study.
Briefest Service Assessment for Children and Adolescents (SACA)28 is a 29-item interview that measures the types of mental health services children receive and the treatments they receive within service settings. The parent version has good to excellent lifetime and satisfactory to good past-year test-retest reliability.29 The SACA demonstrates good to excellent parent-youth correspondence for services that had been used in the preceding year. There was satisfactory concordance (κ = 0.76) between parent report and medical records of youth inpatient, outpatient, and school service use.28 A 3-month time frame was used for this current study.
Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)30 is a 21-item self-report measure of the severity of depressive symptoms in areas such as mood, pessimism, sense of failure, and somatic symptoms. There is evidence of the reliability, validity, and utility of the instrument.31,32 It has excellent internal consistency (α = .90) with African American samples.4,33 The BDI-II was used to measure maternal depression severity.
The Children Depression Inventory (CDI)34 is a 27-item self-report scale of depressive symptoms suitable for use by youth ranging in age from 7 to 17 years. It quantifies a range of depressive symptoms, including disturbed mood, hedonic capacity, vegetative functions, self-evaluation, and interpersonal behaviors. The CDI is the most widely used measure of child depression.35,36 The CDI has adequate internal consistency (0.82 to 0.87) for African American youth.37,38 The CDI total T score was used to measure child depression.
The Child Behavioral checklist22 assesses children's competencies and behavioral problems as reported by their parents or guardians. Psychometrics have been established, demonstrating the test's satisfactory reliability and validity. The 20 competence items assess the amount and quality of the child's participation in positive activities (eg, sports, hobbies). The 118 problem items assess behavior across 9 syndromes on a 3-point response scale. It has been used cross-culturally, which includes samples with blacks and/or African Americans.39,40 The total problems scale T score was used to measure child behavioral problems.
The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children41 is a 39-item self-report instrument that measures a broad range of anxiety symptoms in youth. The MASC has strong test-retest reliability (0.70 to 0.93), internal consistency (interclass correlations from 0.60 to 0.90), and ample evidence of its validity with both clinic and community samples.41–43 African American youth have similar mean total scores as white youth.43,44 The total T score was used to measure child anxiety.
The aims of the study were to describe maternal and child mental health services utilization and to identify predictors of service utilization. Data management and analyses were conducted with SPSS 12 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois). Preliminary analyses were based on descriptive statistics entailing percentages of maternal and child service utilization, mean number of maternal session attendance (Tables 1 and and2),2), and means and standard deviations of maternal depression severity, child depressive symptoms, child anxiety symptoms, and maternal report of child behavioral problems. Bivariate associations among study continuous variables were performed.
Logistic regressions were conducted to assess the extent to which baseline treatment status, demographic, and behavioral rating scales predicted mental health utilization 3 months later. Separate logistic regressions were conducted for mother and child service utilization (Tables 3 and and4).4). The dependent variables were recoded into categorical variables: utilization of mental health services (no = 0, yes = 1) for mother and child. Demographic variables were entered first for both maternal and child logistic regressions. The independent variables for mothers' utilization were as follows: maternal age, income level, baseline maternal treatment status, maternal depression severity, and maternal report of child behavioral problems. The independent variables for children's utilization are as follows: child age, child gender, child depression symptoms, child anxiety symptoms, maternal report of child behavioral symptoms, and baseline maternal treatment status. The independent variables were recoded into categorical variables: baseline maternal treatment status (no = 0, yes = 1), income level ($0–$20 000 = 1, ≥$20 001 = 2), and child gender (female = 0, male = 1).
Tables 1 and and22 display the 3-month frequency of mental health utilization for mothers and their children, respectively. Overall, 65.3% (n = 32) of the mothers and 36.7% (n = 18) of the children had utilized any mental health services. The number of total sessions mothers attended ranged from 0 to 121, with a mean of 14.8 (SD = 24.4).
Mothers were recruited from several sources. For the frequently sampled sources, 86.6% (n = 13) of mothers from research studies, 85.7% of (n = 12) mothers from outpatient mental health agencies, and 25% (n = 4) of mothers from newspapers utilized mental health services. The following are the most common mental health services utilized by mothers based on their recruitment source. The most common services used by mothers from research studies were group therapy (n = 10, 66.7%), case management (n = 7, 46.7%) and individual therapy (n = 7, 46.7%). Mothers recruited from outpatient mental health agencies more frequently utilized individual therapy (n = 11, 78.6%), medication visit (n = 8, 57.1%) and case management (n = 5, 35.7%). For mothers recruited from newspaper ads, the most utilized mental health services were individual therapy, intake evaluation, and outpatient medical visit (n = 2, 12.5%).
Tables 3 and and44 display logistic regressions for predictors of maternal and child mental health utilization respectively. For the mothers, baseline mental health treatment status was the best predictor of 3-month mental health utilization. Follow-up χ2 analysis demonstrated that mothers who were in treatment at baseline were more likely to be in treatment 3 months later, χ2 (1) = 10.31, p < .01. However, for some mothers, there was a change in treatment status from baseline to 3-month follow-up. Three mothers (12.5%) were no longer in treatment at 3 months, while 12 (44%) began or resumed mental health services during the 3 months following baseline. Of the 12 mothers who began or resumed therapy, the most common services utilized were group therapy (n = 8), case management (n = 5), individual therapy (n = 4), and an intake evaluation (n = 4). When the variables were entered separately into the regression analyses, income significantly predicted mental health utilization, while maternal depression severity marginally predicted mental health utilization. However, these variables no longer predicted utilization when treatment status was included in the regression. Exploratory analyses showed that these mothers who were in treatment at baseline were more likely to be in a lower income group, χ2 (1) = 4.36, p < .05, and more depressed, t = −1.84, p < .10).
For children, maternal report of child behavior problems significantly predicted 3-month mental health utilization. T tests were conducted to further examine this finding. Results showed that children who utilized mental health services had higher levels of behavioral problems on the Child Behavioral checklist than children who did not utilize mental health services (t = −2.07, p < .05).
This pilot study provides preliminary evidence about mental health utilization of African American mothers with depressive disorders and their children. We found that 65% of the depressed African American mothers had utilized mental health services. These findings are similar to those of Weissman and colleagues,9 who found that 49% of depressed mothers had received treatment within the past month and that 75% of depressed mothers had received mental health treatment in their lifetime within an urban general medicine practice. Our study's rate of maternal mental health utilization is higher than the utilization rates found for postpartum mothers.8,10,11 Perinatal women may have more physical limitations in getting mental health care in addition to the increased demands of pregnancy and newborn care, which limit the ability of the parent to seek care for herself. Further documentation of mental health utilization of subgroups of mothers with depression would clarify the variability in findings.
A major finding of this study is that mothers who were in treatment were more likely to have utilized mental health treatment within 3 months after the baseline assessment. It is reasonable to assume that mothers who were in treatment initially continued with their mental health services only 3 months later. In a study of an urban population, African Americans who utilized mental health services at baseline were more likely to use these services 12 to 15 years later.45 The finding of continued mental health utilization for depressed African American mothers is encouraging in light of the research indicating that African Americans have low mental health utilization and are more likely to drop out of mental health treatment.7,46,47 In a cross-sectional study with African American, Latina, and European American women, the 3 strongest predictors of lifetime mental health utilization are self-reported drug problem, greater belief that psychiatric disorder is caused by an imbalance within oneself or one's environment, and less belief that psychiatric disorder is caused by religious or supernatural forces.48 Current substance dependence disorder was an exclusion criterion for the study; therefore, substance disorders cannot account for continued utilization of mental health services. Despite the various barriers to mental health services that the sample may encounter (eg, mental health stigma, racial discrimination in the health care system, lack of social support, competing demands of parenting/caregiving),47,49,50 the current study suggests that African American mothers with depression who initiate treatment in the face of these barriers can stay in treatment at least short term to address their mental health needs. Only 3 mothers were no longer in treatment at the follow-up interview.
We found that approximately 38% of the children received mental health services within the 3 months after the assessment interview. This rate was slightly higher than 24%, the rate of children with past-year mental health utilization rates noted in a study of children of mothers with severe mental illness.21 Our mental health utilization rate is similar to the 1-year utilization rate of 34.5% found by Mandell, Boothroyd, and Stiles51 in Medicaid records. Mental health utilization rates in this sample reflect the high risk status of the children, especially when there is evidence showing that African American children were less likely than white children to have utilized mental health treatment.21,51,52
Our results suggest that maternal reports of child behavior problems predicted child mental health utilization. Similarly, Mowbray et al21 demonstrated that maternal reports of child behavior problems as measured by the Child Behavioral checklist predicted child mental health utilization. In a recent review, parent perception of child problems was a predictor of child mental health utilization.53 A large body of evidence describes the behavioral profiles of the children of depressed mothers, with evidence suggesting that manifestations of behavioral symptoms vary by developmental stage, with disruptive behavior disorders and anxiety disorders being more common among school-aged children, depression being more common among adolescents and substance abuse being more common among young adults.15,54–56 Recent data from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression study, assessing current and lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders among children of depressed mothers, suggests that as many as 45% of those children meet criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis.57
In another study, Wu and colleagues52 examined patterns of mental health services among depressed children and adolescents and looked for factors associated with service utilization. Among those who received treatment for depression, depressed youth whose mothers were receiving professional help were more likely to utilize mental health services than mothers who were not receiving professional mental health services; however, African American youth were less likely to receive professional help than other ethnic groups in this study.
Income had an effect on the results of the current study. Women with a yearly income of $20 000 or less were more likely to have services data collected and more likely to be in treatment at the baseline assessment. There have been limited studies on the effects of income on mental health service use, and results have been inconsistent.21 Women in the lower income level may have had a higher rate of treatment in this study due to the availability of health care services to those with income low enough to be on public insurance. Minorities are less likely to be insured, resulting in poor access to care in general,58 but those making higher incomes may be at a further disadvantage due to the high costs of insurance in the United States.21 Young minority women in particular are often uninsured, despite their high risk of depression.59,58 Thus, women with lower income may have higher rates of treatment due to increased economic stress impacting their psychiatric functioning, leading to greater need to use mental health services. Future research is warranted to understand the complex interactions of income, race, and mental health utilization.
There are limitations to the current study. First, the time period for mental health utilization is shorter than is typically reported in research literature. The current study assesses for mental health utilization in the past 3 months, while research literature more frequently report on utilization within either the past year or lifetime. It is unclear how the 3-month time span corresponds to past-year utilization. Second, data were not gathered about the child's baseline treatment status, thus it is not known if children who received treatment within the 3-month period had been receiving treatment prior to the study. Third, the sample included a larger proportion of women who had lower income, although there was a range of income levels. Fourth, recruitment included mental health treatment facilities, thus recruitment strategies may have biased the sample of women who were in treatment. Finally, because the sample included only African American mothers, the results may not be generalizable to depressed mothers of other races and ethnicities or to depressed fathers.
These are important clinical implications of the study's findings. This pilot study provides preliminary data to support the use of mental health treatments for depressed mothers and their children. With utilization of mental health services, benefits to both mothers and children can be demonstrated. For example, Weissman and colleagues57 found that 3 months of medication treatment for mothers with depression resulted in reductions in children's diagnoses and symptoms supporting the benefits of maternal treatment for child psychiatric outcomes. Other studies examining the effectiveness of brief psychotherapeutic interventions for maternal depression—specifically, interpersonal therapy for depressed mothers whose children are receiving treatment—effectively reduced levels of maternal symptoms and improved child functioning.60 These studies suggest potential benefits of brief interventions for depressed mothers. Utilization of brief interventions might increase access and acceptability to needed mental health services. Improving mental health utilization for depressed mothers and their children who are exhibiting behavioral difficulties may lead to psychiatric benefits in both generations.
We would like to thank Thananya D. Wooden for her research assistance.
Funding/Support: This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (K01 MH 068619) and the Josiah Jr Macy Foundation.
Disclaimer: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Mental Health or the National Institutes of Health.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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I sent my son to school today despite the fact that he woke up feeling nauseous, sick enough that he couldn't eat his breakfast. "Maybe it's nerves.", I suggested unconvincingly. "Try some deep belly breaths." He had an outing today, an outdoor activity, the kind of thing that would normally cause him some anxiety.
The bus picked him up on time but I didn't feel any relief, only vague worry and of course, guilt. I had two important clients this morning. The visits had been coordinated with other workers who were to meet me there at a designated time. They wouldn't be easy to reschedule. I had to go into work.
And anyway, what if he was faking a stomach ache to get a day off?
I'd written a note to Ian this morning to validate my suspicions that he was faking. Ian is an elementary school teacher. He knows these things. Not to mention he'd faked his fair share of stomach aches growing up in order to get out of going to school.
I saw my clients and got through a busy day but the unease never left me. On my way to pick up my boy, I called the school daycare to give them a head's up. Madame Lise answered the phone. She said Sean was sitting next to her and was feeling very sick. I told her I'd be there as soon as I could. At 4:55 pm, exactly ten and a half hours after he'd told me how awful he felt, I picked up my son. He was white as a ghost, biting his upper lip, trying not to cry. He'd spent the whole day sucking it up, waiting me for me to pick him up, confiding he wasn't well only when it became unbearable.
Once home, I gave him a children's gravol and sent him to his bed where he slept for two hours straight.
"So how's the little faker?", Ian asked, when we touched base after work.
"He wasn't faking after all."
"You know, we talk about parents like you, the ones who send their kids to school when they're sick."
"No need to talk about me. I've done enough talking to myself since I picked him up."
I'd told Sean I was sorry he'd had such a difficult day, but what I was really doing was apologizing for letting him down. This morning, my gut tried to tell me the truth while my head shouted excuses. Ironic that I'm a healthcare worker by trade. I got a lesson in parenting and priorities today.


text:
I have to thank our Mexican-American neighbor for taking me one day to his favorite haircut place. The price is cheaper than anywhere else. All of the workers are Vietnamese. And for some reason it is a favorite hangout for gang members; most of them wait outside while their buddy gets his hair trimmed to perfection. Every time I go, I set foot outside my familiar world of the highly-educated tech worker.
As I was walking in a few weeks ago, I noticed a couple of guys hanging out in the parking lot. Freshly shorn and having just paid in cash (instead of using my card), I was walking back to my car with small bills in my wallet, when I saw the same two guys. "Hey," one of them said, "can you give us a hand?"
"How can I help you?" I asked, walking over.
"Can you spare any change?" he asked.
"Sure, what's up? What do you need it for?"
"Aw man, we're homeless. Anything helps."
I had received $5 bills in change, so I gave them each five dollars. "It's not much, but I hope this helps," I said.
Their jaws dropped. "Oh man. Can I give you a hug?" Before I knew it, I was drawn into a large embrace (he was a big white guy), and even got a kiss on the neck! The other guy, a black fellow, extended his arms to me as well, and I got another hug. "God bless you, man," he said.
The first guy added, "I hope God blesses you for that."
"Oh," I replied, "he already has. That's the way it works." I extended my hand. "My name's Jon."
"I'm Nick," the big guy said. "And I'm Junior," said his friend.
"I'm glad to meet you guys. So what's going on — you're homeless?"
Nick pointed at a nearby shopping cart with some aluminum cans in it. "Yeah. We spend part of our time gathering cans, and part of our time asking for help."
"You know," I said, "I know nothing about your world. How do you survive? Like, where do you sleep?"
"We sleep under the bridge over there," Junior said. "You know, the 85 overpass? We have tents there."
"Do you sleep during the day?" I asked.
"Oh no, we sleep at night," Nick replied. "We have to gather cans during the day, before the garbage trucks come." Junior added, "Yeah, we have to work with the garbage schedule."
"But we have to be careful at night," Nick said. "Sometimes the crazies come, and they slash our tents."
"And we have to watch for the police, who try to kick us out," Junior said. "So we stick together."
"Junior and I have been partnering together for 10 years now."
"Wow," I said. "Like I said, I know nothing, so thanks for teaching me." I shook their hands once more. "It was great to meet you. Maybe I'll see you guys again sometime." They thanked me again, and I drove off.
I didn't get very far, before I thought: Wait a minute. One of the things I want to do in the Jesus Dojo is assemble care packages for the homeless. But what do they need the most? These guys can help me! So I turned back around and went back to them.
"I told you I'd see you again!" I said. They looked at me with curiosity. "I just had this thought. I'm part of a group that wants to learn how to help guys like you. So what can we do, what do you need?" I asked. Nick opened his mouth and pointed to where teeth should have been. "Dentistry," he said. "I need to see a dentist. Oh, but, I realize that's a lot of money for anybody," he added sheepishly.
"Yeah," I agreed, but filed away the thought: How can we provide dentistry for the homeless?
I explained, "We're thinking about making care packages. So what would be most helpful, what should we put into these packages?"
Without hesitation, they replied in unison: "Hygiene. We need hygiene."
"What?" I stammered back. They took turns answering in one unbroken stream:
"Deodorant, shampoo, soap."
"See, we can get showers once a week at CityTeam, but we have nothing to get clean with."
"We don't want to be stinky when we go into places like McDonald's."
"Sometimes we'll go into a place where the bathroom locks, just to clean up with the soap."
"So hygiene would help a lot."
"Yeah, like those small trial packages."
What about clothes, I asked? Again, in alternation:
"Oh, we can get those at Goodwill."
"I keep two sets: one to live in, one to wash."
"But socks would be helpful."
"We go through socks."
"They get pretty bad. They can stand up by themselves."
"OK, socks." I replied. "But how do you do laundry?"
"There's a laundromat right over there."
I had no idea; I've never noticed public laundromats because I've never needed one. And then, I thought of Just One's "Laundry Love" projects. I asked, "Would it be helpful if our group got soap and quarters, and you could do your laundry for free?"
This got them so excited, they were both talking at once.
"That would be great!"
"Yeah. Talk to the owner. Maybe he would get a tax break for it."
"Wednesdays would be best."
"Or Thursdays!"
"Just let us know. We'll spread the word."
"But what is this group you're talking about?"
"Well," I said, not sure what to say, "there's a group that just started meeting in our home. I guess we're kind of like a church, except it's more like we're tired of just giving our money to the church and expecting them to do something with it. Because, you know, the church is people. It's us."
"Yeah!" Junior exclaimed, "the church is people! That's what I say!"
"Shoot," Nick said, "you could even hold services in the laundromat. People would come."
At this point things went in a surprising direction. A young man and two teenagers rode up on bicycles. They were not homeless. "Hey Junior!" one of them called. They exchanged greetings. "This white dude was looking for you." They described him. "Calls himself Cowboy." Nick and Junior glanced at each other. Was this somebody they wanted to meet, or somebody they wanted to avoid? Was he a drug dealer? Junior surprised me by pulling out a cell phone and checking some information. A homeless guy. With a cell phone. It struck me as odd at first, but I thought, if I were homeless, a cell phone would be one of the first things I'd need.
I took my leave. But I carry this encounter with me.
So, what's next? How can I mobilize people to turn the Jesus Dojo from ideas into actions? I want to have a party where everyone assembles care packages. And I want to try a Laundry Love project.
(I also want to be mindful of any pitfalls, any dangers to avoid; I will ask someone I know on CityTeam for guidance.)
Who is with me?


text:
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In exchange situations, there are TWO options:
- If you need the product right away, you can purchase a replacement on a new order to get it shipped out as soon as possible. Then return the original item and we'll refund you for the original once we've received it back to our warehouse in "Like New" condition.
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text: Hey guys. I unthinkingly updated to yahoomail app to 1.2.1 but now it won't functional allow me to reply to livejournal notices. Every time I try to enter a reply in the box, the view jumps so I can't see what I'm typing. Is there anyway to go back to 1.2? Or am I stuck with a phone that won't do what I got it to do?


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Add a ot touch to your boudoir chic wardrobe by piling up on the hottest bras and panties included in the Victoria's Secret One Fabulous Summer 2012 collection. Browse through the catalog to see a selection of ultra-flattering and attractive underwear designs. Embrace a more cheeky attitude towards purchasing lingerie sets! Know your best assets and emphasize them with refined taste and creativity. See how our fave Victoria's Secret Angels like: Adriana Lima, Erin Heatherton, Behati Prinsloo and Bregje Heinen breathe life into these hyper-chic underwear compositions.
For the summer season designers at Victoria's Secret furnish us with a generous parade of push-up bras in an infinite color selection. These bras add definition to your cleavage and have a 'supersoft inner cup' to give you a sense of comfort while wearing it for long hours. Moreover, the low-cut necklines allow you to sport these impressive bra designs with summer frocks and evening dresses. Discover the adorable lace details or wild animal print elements which decorate these A-list Victoria's Secret bras.


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Wessex FM News
Studland Heath Fire Started "Deliberately"
10:40am 9th July 2013
Fire fighters have returned to the scene of yesterday's (Monday 8th July) heath blaze at Studland.
Crews are back at Ferry Road this morning dampening down to make sure little hotspots are out to prevent the heath catching alight again.
An investigation has been launched to find out exactly what happened and Fire Chiefs believe it was started on deliberately.
A hectare of trees and gauss has been completely destroyed.60 fire fighters battled the blaze yesterday afternoon and 1 was taken to hospital suffering heat exhaustion.
Sign up for the latest local news direct to your inbox


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What's the difference between condo and homeowners insurance?
A very popular question with clients that are looking to buy property… in order to fully comprehend the difference between condo insurance and homeowners insurance let's get into what you're actually buying when you purchase the property.
When buying a home you essentially own the land, walls, roof, and building interiors.
When buying a condo you usually only buy in the interior of the building or unit. The exterior of the building structure like the roof, walls, and walkways are usually owned by association or HOA.
If you own a condo you're going to need an insurance policy written on an HO6 policy form. This type of policy is specifically tailored to condos because they insure the interior of your condo, your property, liability, and much more depending on which options you choose. The association walkways, pools, etc. are usually covered under the HOA insurance policy.
A homeowner on the other hand is going to need a homeowners insurance policy usually written on an HO3 Insurance form. This type of policy can include coverage for your entire home, meaning both the exterior and interior of your home is insured including pools, fencing, walkways, driveways, etc.
Now just because you have a condo or homeowners insurance policy doesn't necessarily mean you're properly insured. Our agents custom tailor each insurance policy to fit in specifically with your needs, unfortunately not every agent will do this.
Get in touch with one of our licensed California insurance brokers today and we'll go over your needs to make sure you're properly insured.


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The night of October 30, 2013, is one I'll remember a long time. In particular because of 100 seconds when the skies seemed to explode in green. But let's start at the beginning.
I left home around 9pm and once at my shooting location, there was already a nice show going on! Right above me a weak arc was stretching from West to East and dancing in North was another arc with spikes of red. At one point the lights above me got stronger as well and I just enjoyed watching for a bit. When I do that, I usually have one problem. It's hard to get my mind back into photo-taking-mode. So for a while I was at a loss off what I should take photos.
Closer to midnight and Halloween the auroras filled almost all of the sky and a bright display made its entrance. Around 11.35pm I noticed a bright corona opening up just behind me and I spun around with my camera, almost dropping it into the lake! Just when I was ready to shoot the corona the sky was out of control. The ground was lit up by countless aurora twirls around me. I was so surprised and overwhelmed my jaws dropped and I just had to shout. It was so intense to see that, it's impossible to describe. After 100 seconds the 'spook' was over and the 'nice show' was back on.
The things I just saw played over and over in my mind, there was no chance of taking more photos at that time. I needed a rest after the adrenaline rollercoaster. So I walked for a while and after calming down I was 'back on the horse' shooting away. Around 2am I so exhausted that I decided to go back home – even though the show was still on. After driving for five minutes, I stopped and had a look outside. More bright auroras were coming in! So of course I didn't drive home just yet. Instead I tried to find the next best stop and was there for thirty more minutes.
Finally around quarter to three I decided to drive all the way home and get some sleep. By the time I reached Oulu I felt a bit better again. Finding a tiny bit of energy my mind started to suggest to take some photos there. By then my brains and body were on autopilot and after a while I went home.
No, seriously! I actually went home then!


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- 68" Blade Span
- UL Indoor listed
- 17.5" Height, Top to Bottom
- Low Ceiling Kit Compatible
- Wall Control
- No Light Included
The Turner fan has such an intriguing aesthetic, you'll wonder why you don't have one in every room. And if you do happen to have one in every room, we applaud your obvious sense of style. Two blades are all that's needed to make this fan a favorite of those seeking intricate detailing combined with refined vintage design.
The Quorum 28682-70 Turner collection 68" indoor ceiling fan (with wall control) in Persian White brings Traditional style. This fan includes Two Distressed Weathered Pine Blades and the hanging height is 17.5". The voltage is 120 volts. Additional Information: Control - Four-speed slide wall control. Non-reversing (manual reverse switch on fan motor); Downrod - Includes 4" and 6" (1/2" Exterior Diameter) Poles
By Selecting the Options above you can view all of these Quorum Ceiling Fan Products in this Turner Collection: 28682-70, 28682-86


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Latest: New 2D Superresolution Mode for ZEISS Airyscan Delivers 120 Nanometer Lateral Resolution
Latest: EKF Introduces Mobile Data Management Solution for the DiaSpect Tm POC Hemoglobin Analyzer
Latest: Video Guide: Discover How Easy it is to Use the NuWind Centrifuge
Latest: Eprep Launch 'Game Changer' with New Sample Preparation Workstation.
Latest: Peak Scientific Introduces New GC Gas Calculator
Latest: Choose the Best for Your Lab: 5 More Products Gain Seal of Quality
Latest: Rigaku KT Series Improves Handheld LIBS Capabilities for Performance-Sensitive Metal and...
Webinar Highlights: Using Patient-Derived 3D Cell Culture Models for Semi-Automated Drug Screening
5 Top Tips for Choosing an Ultra-Low Temperature Freezer
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7 Steps to Safe Animal Transfers in Your Vivarium
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Bagdad Theater (map) Southeast
Sun., Nov. 6, 7 p.m. 2011
John Hodgman brings to the Bagdad Theater the 3rd and final chapter in his Complete World Knowledge trilogy, That Is All. The ticket price includes both admission and a copy of the book.
3702 SE Hawthorne, Portland, OR 97214
Hours: Mon-Thu 11am-12am, Fri-Sat 11am-1am, Sun 12pm-12am. (No minors after 9pm)


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7th National Energy Plan Published
Costa Rica's Ministry of Environment and Energy ("MINAE") has published the 7th National Energy Plan 2015-2030. The Plan outlines the country's regulatory framework on energy efficiency in consumer equipment and provides goals and actions for improvement. The Plan targets certain areas, such as refrigeration, cooking, water heating, air conditioning, and lighting, due to their high energy consumption.
Official Climate Change Commitment Made
In anticipation of COP21, Costa Rica pledges to cut emissions 25% by 2030, based on 2012 levels.


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Keenya Riggins, Undergraduate Student in Chemistry
Diana Sturges, Associate Professor in Health and Kinesiology
Shainaz Landge, Lecturer in Chemistry
Dawn Tysinger, Associate Professor in Leadership, Technology, and Human Development
Jessica Orvis, Associate Professor in Chemistry
Self Determination Theory (SDT) addresses three psychological needs in humans, namely autonomy, defined by behaviors that are volitional and self-endorsed; competence, defined as feeling capable of meeting challenges; and relatedness, defined as internalization of practices and values by those with whom they feel connected. SDT is a theory of human motivation, emotion, and development that has been applied in various areas, including education. Research has proved that a greater sense of autonomy is associated with internal motivation, that in turn is associated with better academic outcomes. Our project utilizes SDT in chemistry and allied health classes to measure types of motivation and relative levels of autonomy in students. A greater sense of autonomy is associated with motivation that is more internal than external along the spectrum of intrinsic, identified, introjected, and external motivation. General Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, and Human Anatomy/Physiology students were surveyed and the results from the study are summarized.
- Self determination theory,
- Relative autonomy index,
- Regulation of behavior,
- Human motivation


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Western Water Rights are Changing
July 12, 2002
In a reflection of the West's rapid growth, changing demographics and pressures from environmentalists, water in streams and rivers is being reserved for fishermen, kayakers and nature lovers -- largely at the expense of farmers and ranchers.
Water rights have always been a contentious issue in the West and a whole body of law has grown up defining them. Water scarcity led the West to develop water allocation laws far different from the rest of the country during the 19th century.
- In the West, anyone who diverts water for what the law calls "beneficial use" -- usually for agriculture or cities -- can obtain a right to that water even if he or she owns no land along the river or stream -- and those who first use the water generally keep their rights.
- Western water law also has traditionally had a "use it or lose it" penalty -- so that if a farmer or rancher fails to put water to "beneficial use," he can lose his right to it.
- Now, environmentalists and policymakers are increasingly arguing that leaving water in streams is a "beneficial use."
- While some farmers and ranchers tend to go along with the idea, most don't and they have allies in home building associations.
In Colorado, for example, tourism and recreation have become bigger industries than farming -- and they depend on water in streams for fishing, kayaking and other recreational purposes. Towns such as Golden, Vail, Breckenridge and Pueblo are fighting court cases to win the use of water in rivers for whitewater rafting courses.
Last year, Golden won the right to keep enough water in the stream that runs through the city to support kayaking. But that decision is being challenged by the Colorado Water Conservation Board, the state agency that oversees the development of water projects such as dams and reservoirs.
Whatever the outcome, the clash between agriculture and recreation is only the latest chapter in the long history of Western water wars.
Source: Tom Kenworthy, "West Sees Shift in Water Use," USA Today, July 12, 2002.
For text
Browse more articles on Environment Issues


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Moloco PS-3 Hopper Announcement
Expand Messages
- If you haven't seen this elsewhere, from the BBFC List:
1. moloco PS-3 hoppers
Posted by: "Nick" kangaroose@... kangaroose
Date: Wed May 8, 2013 6:21 am ((PDT))
Moloco has announced a PS-3 3-bay hopper 2750cf. I have also placed a
new poll on the website so you can vote which roadname you like.
Nick Molo
The survey seems to be gone now, but one of the potential roadnames is
the Utah Rwy. Many 1960s and early 70s PNW modelers could probably use
a couple, since much of the home and business heating coal sold in the
PNW, esp in Idaho and eastern Washington came from Utah. -Jim Davis
Your message has been successfully submitted and would be delivered to recipients shortly.


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Author Archives: Brandt Klopper
Introducing the SMARTmaties of 2016
On 18 February 2016, the library welcomed twenty new student assistants. Student assistants are identifiable by the blue SMART MATIES shirts as seen in the photograph below. They have been trained to assist you with whatever problems you might be experiencing in the library and … Continue reading
Posted in Uncategorized Leave a comment


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Lotus Leaf Wrapped Chicken Cantonese Rice is a very delicious and healthy dish to try. It needs simple ingredients. We have used lots of healthy vegetables in it which keeps us healthy.
Lotus Leaf Wrapped Chicken Cantonese Rice:
Lotus Leaf 1, Rice 250 gm, Cabbage ¼ cup (chopped), Carrots ¼ cup (chopped), Spinach ¼ cup (chopped), Chopped Mushroom ¼ cup, Chicken ½ cup (chopped in to small pieces), Spring Onion 2 table spoon (chopped), Refined oil 2 table spoon, Oyster sauce 1 table spoon, Salt to taste, Soy sauce 1 tea spoon, Ajinomoto to taste, white cumin powder to taste.
Step 1:
First clean the rice with plenty of water. Boil water in a vessel and add cleaned rice in boiling water. Add a pinch of salt in water. Boil it for near about 20-25 minutes and when the rice gets ready then strain the excess water.
Step 2:
Now take a non stick pan and heat refined oil in it. When your oil is ready add all the chicken pieces and stir them in oil. Fry all the chicken pieces and when it is done remove it from the flame.
Step 3:
Add oil in pan and allow it to boil. Then clean all the chopped vegetables with water and strain the water well. Add all the veggies in the pan. Stir it and sauté it. When the vegetables are done add fried chicken, Oyster sauce in it. Stir it generously to mix all the ingredients.
Step 4:
Add boiled rice and chopped spring onion in it. Add salt, Ajinomoto, white cumin powder and a little soy sauce in it. Mix all the ingredients thoroughly. Turn off the gas. Your Cantonese Rice is ready.
Step 5:
Now wrap the prepared rice with the lotus leaf and steam it for 10 minutes. Serve your Lotus Leaf Wrapped Chicken Cantonese Rice hot.
Quick Tip For The Dish:
Do not cook the rice completely. Rather cook it half as the next step of this recipe we have to steam it. If you do it completely in first step, it will overcook at the end which will spoil your dish. So while you are cooking the rice in first let it half done.


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You are viewing a large 14K yellow gold ring made in the 1960's. The ring measures 22 mm or just under 1" wide up the finger by 22 mm across. It is set with a natural Australian flame Opal weighing around 12 carats. The ring is a size 8 with a thick shank and can be re-sized. The ring weighs 10 grams.
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Reform School Girl Trailer (1994)
"She Was in The Wrong Place At The Wrong Time" 23 September 1994 Drama 85 mins
Donna is sent to a reform school to take the fall for bad boy Vince. Inside, she makes friends and learns about herself.
Watch the official Reform School Girl 1994 trailer in HD below or find more Reform School Girl videos on Vidimovie.