text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jan 10, 2012
|Filing date
|Dec 21, 2009
|Priority date
|Oct 25, 2000
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Dale Kempf, Ken Lum
|Original Assignee
|Grundfos Pumps Manufacturing Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (38), Non-Patent Citations (18), Referenced by (6), Classifications (25), Legal Events (2)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/827,926, filed Jul. 12, 2007, titled "WATER CONTROL FIXTURE HAVING BYPASS VALVE", which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/173,572, filed Jul. 1, 2005, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,287,707, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/006,970, filed Dec. 4, 2001, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,929,187 on Aug. 16, 2005, which patent is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/697,520 filed Oct. 25, 2000, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,536,464, and claimed priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/251,122 filed Dec. 5, 2000, each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
The present invention relates generally to faucets and bypass valves for use in home or industrial water distribution systems that supply water to various fixtures at different temperatures through different pipes. More particularly, the present invention relates to faucets having bypass valves that are thermostatically controlled so as to automatically bypass water that is not at the desired temperature for use at the fixture. Even more particular, the present invention relates to faucets having an integral thermostatically controlled bypass valve.
Home and industrial water distribution systems distribute water to various fixtures, including sinks, bathtubs, showers, dishwashers and washing machines, that are located throughout the house or industrial building. The typical water distribution system brings water in from an external source, such as a city main water line or a private water well, to the internal water distribution piping system. The water from the external source is typically either at a cold or cool temperature. One segment of the piping system takes this incoming cold water and distributes it to the various cold water connections located at the fixture where it will be used (i.e., the cold water side of the faucet at the kitchen sink). Another segment of the piping system delivers the incoming cold water to a water heater which heats the water to the desired temperature and distributes it to the various hot water connections where it will be used (i.e., the hot water side of the kitchen faucet). At the fixture, cold and hot water either flow through separate hot and cold water control valves that are independently operated to control the temperature of the water into the fixture by controlling the flow rate of water from the valves or the water is mixed at a single valve that selectively controls the desired temperature flowing into the fixture.
A well known problem common to most home and industrial water distribution systems is that hot water is not always readily available at the hot water side of the fixture when it is desired. This problem is particularly acute in water use fixtures that are located a distance from the hot water heater or in systems with poorly insulated pipes. When the hot water side of these fixtures is left closed for some time (i.e., overnight), the hot water in the hot water segment of the piping system sits in the pipes and cools. As a result, the temperature of the water between the hot water heater and the fixture lowers until it becomes cold or at least tepid. When opened again, it is not at all uncommon for the hot water side of such a fixture to supply cold water through the hot water valve when it is first opened and for some time thereafter. At the sink, bathtub or shower fixture located away from the water heater, the person desiring to use the fixture will either have to use cold or tepid water instead of hot water or wait for the distribution system to supply hot water through the open hot water valve. Most users have learned that to obtain the desired hot water, the hot water valve must be opened and left open for some time so that the cool water in the hot water side of the piping system will flow out ahead of the hot water. For certain fixtures, such as dishwashers and washing machines, there typically is no method of "draining" away the cold or tepid water in the hot water pipes prior to utilizing the water in the fixture.
The inability to have hot water at the hot water side of the fixture when it is desired creates a number of problems. One problem is having to utilize cold or tepid water when hot water is desired. This is a particular problem for the dishwasher and washing machine fixtures in that hot water is often desired for improved operation of those fixtures. As is well known, certain dirty dishes and clothes are much easier to clean in hot water as opposed to cold or tepid water. Even in those fixtures where the person can let the cold or tepid water flow out of the fixture until it reaches the desired warm or hot temperature, there are certain problems associated with such a solution. One such problem is the waste of water that flows out of the fixture through the drain and, typically, to the sewage system. This good and clean water is wasted (resulting in unnecessary water treatment after flowing through the sewage system). This waste of water is compounded when the person is inattentitive and hot water begins flowing down the drain and to the sewage system. Yet another problem associated with the inability to have hot water at the hot water valve when needed is the waste of time for the person who must wait for the water to reach the desired temperature.
The use of bypass valves and/or water recirculation systems in home or industrial water distribution systems to overcome the problems described above have been known for some time. The objective of the bypass valve or recirculation system is to avoid supplying cold or tepid water at the hot water side of the piping system. U.S. Pat. No. 2,842,155 to Peters describes a thermostatically controlled water bypass valve, shown as
U.S. Pat. No. 5,623,990 to Pirkle describes a temperature-controlled water delivery system for use with showers and eye-wash apparatuses that utilize a pair of temperature responsive valves, shown as
A recirculating system for domestic and industrial hot water heating utilizing a bypass valve is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,572,985 to Benham. This system utilizes a circulating pump in the return line to the water heater and a temperature responsive or thermostatically actuated bypass valve disposed between the circulating pump and the hot water heater to maintain a return flow temperature at a level below that at the outlet from the water heater. The bypass valve, shown in
Despite the devices and systems set forth above, many people still have problems with obtaining hot water at the hot water side of fixtures located away from the hot water heater or other source of hot water. Boosted, thermally actuated valve systems having valves that are directly operated by a thermal actuator (such as a wax filled cartridge) tend not to have any toggle action. Instead, after a few on-off cycles, the valves tend to just throttle the flow until the water reaches an equilibrium temperature, at which time the valve stays slightly cracked open. While this meets the primary function of keeping the water at a remote faucet hot, leaving the valve in a slightly open condition does present two problems. First, the lack of toggle action can result in lime being more likely to build up on the actuator because it is constantly extended. Second, the open valve constantly bleeds a small amount of hot or almost hot water into the cold water piping, thereby keeping the faucet end of the cold water pipe substantially warm. If truly cold water is desired (i.e., for brushing teeth, drinking, or making cold beverages), then some water must be wasted from the cold water faucet to drain out the warm water. If the bypass valve is equipped with a spring loaded check valve to prevent siphoning of cold water into the hot water side when only the hot water faucet is open, then the very small flow allowed through the throttled-down valve may cause chattering of the spring loaded check valve. The chattering can be avoided by using a free floating or non-spring loaded check valve. It is also detrimental to have any noticeable crossover flow (siphoning) from hot to cold or cold to hot with any combination of faucet positions, water temperatures, or pump operation.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,536,464 the disclosure of which is incorporated herein as fully set forth and having some of the same inventors and the same assignee as the present invention, describes an under-the-sink thermostatically controlled bypass valve and water circulating system with the bypass valve placed at or near a fixture (i.e., under the sink) to automatically bypass cold or tepid water away from the hot water side of the fixture until the temperature of the water reaches the desired level. The system described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,536,464 includes a single small circulating pump that is placed between the water heater and the first branching in the hot water supply line which supplies the fixture having a bypass valve so as to pressurize the hot water piping system and facilitate bypassing of the cold or tepid water.
The public is accustomed to purchasing faucets for lavatories, bathtubs, showers, kitchen sinks and etc. that can be readily repaired, usually by removing a top-mounted handle and bonnet, and replacing a faucet washer or other seal or seat. In recent designs, the sealing action occurs within a replaceable cartridge, which can be easily replaced by the home repair person. None of the known prior art devices include the use of an integral thermostatically controlled bypass valve to bypass water as described above. However, for a thermal bypass valve to be included in a faucet, it is necessary that it meet the same expectation for ease of repair as the standard faucet. There are several advantages to location of the thermal bypass valve within the faucet itself and being accessible from the top, which include: (1) elimination of the clutter resulting from extra hoses located below the sink and the need to do plumbing and maintenance below the sink; (2) elimination of the under-the-sink hoses, which by their very presence add potential leak paths at each end of each hose; (3) a new feature that a faucet manufacturer can use to define its top-of-the-line faucet, which can stimulate sales to those customers who like to have the latest in convenience; and (4) the bypass valve can be serviced by the home repair person or, if desired, professional plumber in a standing position in a manner which is already learned from the maintenance of existing design faucets.
In an exemplary embodiment, a water control fixture is provided including a housing having a plurality of ports defining a hot water inlet port, a bypass port, and a fixture outlet port, wherein water is dispensed via the fixture outlet port. At least one operating valve is disposed in the housing for controlling a flow of water from the hot water inlet port to the fixture outlet port. A bypass valve is disposed in the housing for controlling a flow of water from the hot water inlet port to the bypass port.
Optionally, the plurality of ports includes a cold water port configured to be in fluid communication with a cold water supply line, wherein the at least one operating valve may control a flow of water from the cold water port to the fixture outlet port. The bypass valve may control a flow of water from the hot water inlet port to the cold water port. Optionally, the bypass valve may opens to permit a flow of water from the hot water inlet port to the bypass port based on an activation condition. The bypass valve may be thermostatically controlled and may control the flow of water from the hot water inlet port to the bypass port until the temperature of the water at the hot water inlet port is at a preset level. Optionally, the bypass port may be configured to be in fluid communication with one of a dedicated return line and a cold water supply line. Optionally, the housing may represent a faucet and include at least one handle provided on the housing, wherein the handle is joined to the at least one operating valve to control the flow of water from the hot water inlet port and the fixture outlet port.
In another embodiment, a water control fixture is provided including a housing having a plurality of ports defining a hot water inlet port, a bypass port, and a fixture outlet port, wherein water is dispensed via the fixture outlet port. At least one handle is attached to the housing for controlling the flow of water from the hot water inlet port to the fixture outlet port. A bypass member is disposed in the housing for controlling a flow of water from the hot water inlet port to the bypass port.
In a further embodiment, a water control fixture is provided including a housing having a chamber and a plurality of ports in fluid communication with the chamber. The plurality of ports define a hot water inlet port, a bypass port, and a fixture outlet port, wherein water is dispensed via the fixture outlet port. A flow control unit is received within the chamber and is configured to be selectively positioned in fluid communication with the plurality of ports for controlling the flow of water from the hot water inlet port to the fixture outlet port and for controlling the flow of water from the hot water inlet port to the bypass port.
With reference to the figures where like elements have been given like numerical designations to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are set forth below. The enclosed figures and drawings are illustrative of the preferred embodiments and represent a preferred way of configuring the present invention. Although specific components, materials, configurations and uses are illustrated, it should be understood that a number of variations to the components and to the configuration of those components described herein and in the accompanying figures can be made without changing the scope and function of the invention set forth herein.
In the accompanying drawings of the various preferred embodiments of a water control fixture of the present invention, the water control fixture is shown as faucet 10. However, other water control fixtures may be adaptable to the thermal bypass valve features described herein (i.e., solenoid valve used on home laundry washing machines). A typical water distribution system 12 utilizing faucet 10 of the present invention is illustrated in
The preferred system 12 of the present invention utilizes a small circulating pump 26 of the type used in residential hot water space heating. A very low flow and low head pump is desirable because a larger (i.e., higher head/higher flow) pump mounted at the typical domestic water heater 18 tends to be noisy. This annoying noise is often transmitted by the water pipes throughout the house. In addition, if the shower (as an example) is already in use when pump 26 turns on, whether the first start or a later cyclic turn-on, the sudden pressure boost in the hot water line 20 from a larger pump can result in an uncomfortable and possibly near-scalding temperature rise in the water at the shower head or other fixture in use. The smaller boost of a "small" pump (i.e., one with a very steep flow-head curve) will result in only a very small and less noticeable increase in shower temperature. In the preferred embodiment, the single, small pump 26 needs to provide only a flow of approximately 0.3 gpm at 1.0 psi pressure. In accordance with pump affinity laws, such a "small" pump requires a very small impeller or low shaft speed. The inventors have found that use of a very small impeller or low shaft speed also precludes formation of an air bubble in the eye of the impeller, which bubble may be a major cause of noise. Such a small steep curve pump may, however, constitute a significant pressure drop in the hot water line 20 when several fixture taps are opened simultaneously (such as a bathtub and the kitchen sink). To avoid reduced flow in those installations having a relatively low volume pump, a check valve 28 can be plumbed in parallel with pump 26 or incorporated within the pump housing, to pass a flow rate exceeding the pump's capacity around pump 26. When pump 26 is powered and flow demand is low, check valve 28 prevents the boosted flow from re-circulating back to its own inlet. With check valve 28 plumbed around pump 26, it is advantageous to place an orifice 30 in the pump discharge to provide a simple manner to achieve the desired very steep flow-head curve from available stock pump designs. A single pump 26 located at or near the water heater 18 in its discharge piping will boost the pressure in the hot water pipes somewhat above that in the cold water pipes (i.e., perhaps one to three feet of boost). With this arrangement only one pump 26 per plumbing system (i.e., per water heater 18) is required with any reasonable number of remote faucets 10 (i.e., the typical number used in residences) equipped with bypass valves. This is in contrast to those systems that require multiple pumps, such as a pump at each fixture where bypassing is desired.
If desired, pump 26 can operate twenty-four hours a day, with most of the time in the no flow mode. However, this is unnecessary and wasteful of electricity. Alternatively, pump 26 can have a timer 32 to turn on the pump 26 daily at one or more times during the day just before those occasions when hot water is usually needed the most (for instance for morning showers, evening cooking, etc.) and be set to operate continuously for the period during which hot water is usually desired. This still could be unnecessary and wasteful of electricity. Another alternative is to have the timer 32 cycle pump 26 on and off regularly during the period when hot water is in most demand. The "on" cycles should be of sufficient duration to bring hot water to all remote fixtures 10 that are equipped with a bypass valve, and the "off period" would be set to approximate the usual time it takes the water in the lines to cool-down to minimum acceptable temperature. Yet another alternative is to equip pump 26 with a normally closed flow switch 34 sized to detect significant flows only (i.e., those flows that are much larger than the bypass valve flows), such as a shower flowing. For safety purposes, the use of such a switch 34 is basically required if a cyclic timer 32 is used. The switch 34 can be wired in series with the motor in pump 26. If the switch 34 indicates an existing flow at the moment the timer calls for pump 26 to be on, the open flow switch 34 will prevent the motor from starting, thereby avoiding a sudden increase in water temperature at the fixture 10 (i.e., particularly if it is a shower) being utilized. The use of such switch 34 accomplishes several useful objectives, including reducing electrical power usage and extending pump life if hot water is already flowing and there is no need for the pump to operate, avoiding a sudden temperature rise and the likelihood of scalding that could result from the pump boost if water is being drawn from a "mixing" valve (such as a shower or single handle faucet) and allowing use of a "large" pump (now that the danger of scalding is eliminated) with its desirable low pressure drop at high faucet flows, thereby eliminating the need for the parallel check valve 28 required with a "small" pump.
By using a time-of-day control timer 32, pump 26 operates to maintain "instant hot water" only during periods of the day when it is commonly desired. During the off-cycle times, the plumbing system 12 operates just as if the faucet 10 having bypass valves and pump 26 were not in place. This saves electrical power usage from pump operation and, more importantly, avoids the periodic introduction of hot water into relatively un-insulated pipes during the off-hours, thereby saving the cost of repeatedly reheating this water. The time-of-day control also avoids considerable wear and tear on pump 26 and the bypass valve in faucet 10. Considerable additional benefits are gained by using a cyclic timer 32, with or without the time-of-day control. In addition to saving more electricity, if a leaky bypass valve or one not having toggle action is used, there will be no circulating leakage while the pump 26 is cycled off, even if the valve fails to shut off completely. Therefore, a simple (i.e., one not necessarily leak tight) valve may suffice in less demanding applications. Having the leakage reduced to just intermittent leakage will result in reduced warming of the cold water line 16 and less reheating of "leaking" re-circulated water.
The bypass valve assemblies 36 utilized with the present invention have a thermally sensitive actuating element 38, an example of which is shown in
Because the bypass valve 36 has little or no independent "toggle action," after a few cycles of opening and closing, the valve tends to reach an equilibrium with the plumbing system, whereby the bypass valve 36 stays slightly cracked open, passing just enough hot water to maintain the temperature constantly at its setting. In particular plumbing systems and at certain ambient conditions, this flow is just under that required to maintain a spring loaded check valve cracked continuously open. In such a situation, the check valve chatters with an annoying buzzing sound. To avoid this occurrence, the spring may be removed from the check valve, leaving the poppet free floating. In the event that the hot water is turned full on at a time when the bypass valve 36 is open, thereby lowering the pressure in the hot water line 20, and so inducing flow from the cold water line 16 through the open bypass valve 36 to the hot side, the free floating poppet will quickly close. There is no necessity for a spring to keep this check valve closed prior to the reversal in pressures.
Although not entirely demonstrated in early tests, it is believed that beneficial "toggle" action can be achieved with a bypass valve 36 of very simple mechanical design. If the motion of the thermal actuator 38 is made to lag behind the temperature change of the water surrounding it by placing suitable insulation around the actuator 38 or by partially isolating it from the water, then instead of slowly closing only to reach equilibrium at a low flow without reaching shutoff, the water temperature will rise above the extending temperature of the insulated actuator 38 as the valve approaches shutoff, and the piston 44 will then continue to extend as the internal temperature of the actuator 38 catches up to its higher surrounding temperature, closing the valve 36 completely. It is also believed that an insulated actuator 38 will be slow opening, its motion lagging behind the temperature of the surrounding cooling-off water from which it is insulated. When actuating element 38 finally begins to open the valve 36 and allow flow, the resulting rising temperature of the surrounding water will again, due to the insulation, not immediately affect it, allowing the bypass valve 36 to stay open longer for a complete cycle of temperature rise. Such an "insulated" effect may also be accomplished by use of a wax mix that is inherently slower, such as one with less powdered copper or other thermally conductive filler. An actuator 38 to be installed with insulation can be manufactured with a somewhat lower set point temperature to make up for the lag, allowing whatever valve 36 closing temperature desired.
An additional benefit of utilizing pump 26 in system 12 is that shut-off of a toggle action valve upon attainment of the desired temperature is enhanced by the differential pressure an operating pump 26 provides. If pump 26 continues to run as the water at the faucet 10 cools down, the pump-produced differential pressure works against re-opening a poppet type bypass valve 36 in faucet 10. If pump 26 operates cyclically, powered only a little longer than necessary to get hot water to faucet 10, it will be "off" before the water at valve 36 cools down. When the minimum temperature is reached, the thermal actuator 38 will retract, allowing the bias spring to open valve 36 without having to fight a pump-produced differential pressure. By-pass flow will begin with the next pump "on" cycle. An additional benefit to the use of either a time-of-day or cyclic timer 32 is that it improves the operating life of thermal actuator 38. Because use of either timer 32 causes cyclic temperature changes in valve 36 (as opposed to maintaining an equilibrium setting wherein temperature is constant and the actuator 38 barely moves), there is frequent, substantial motion of the piston 44 in thermal actuator 38. This exercising of actuator 38 tends to prevent the build-up of hard water deposits and corrosion on the cylindrical surface of actuator piston 44 and face of poppet 42, which deposits could render the valve 36 inoperable.
Also inside valve 36 can be an over-travel spring (not shown) disposed between the first side 52 of the actuator body 48 and a stop located inside valve 36 to prevent damage to a fully restrained actuator 38 if it were heated above the bypass valve's maximum operating temperature and to hold the actuator 38 in place during operation without concern for normal tolerance. Use of an over-travel spring, which is not necessary for spool-type valves, allows movement of the actuator body 48 away from the seated poppet 42 in the event that temperature rises substantially after the poppet 42 contacts its seat. Without this relief, the expanding wax could distort its copper can, destroying the calibrated set point. The over-travel spring also holds the bias spring, rod member 40 and actuator body 48 in place without the need to adjust for the stack-up of axial tolerances. Alternatively, actuator 38 can be fixedly placed inside valve 36 by various mechanisms known in the art, including adhesives and the like. Over-travel spring, if used, can be held in place by various internal configurations commonly known in the art, such as a molded seat.
As there are a great many configurations and brands of faucets 10, there are several different preferred designs of bypass valve 36 placement and arrangement to accommodate these many faucet configurations. For purposes of illustrating the present invention, various specific examples are set forth below. The following examples are representative of the types of uses to which the integral or infaucet bypass valve 36 is suitable. The examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to restrict the invention to particular uses, sizes or materials used in the examples.
For instance, there are several basic types of faucet assemblies, including those that have a single handle faucet assembly that mixes the hot and cold water and delivers a flow of water out the single spout based on the user's movement of the faucet's valve assembly. Another common type of faucet assembly is the dual handle, single spout faucet assembly that has separate handles for the hot and cold water. As with the single handle assembly, the hot and cold water are mixed prior to the spout based on the user's selection of the amount of flow of hot and/or cold water. A third, older arrangement is the use of completely separate faucets for hot and cold water. Although the different manufacturers of faucets may utilize different arrangements of valving components, different valving mechanisms and/or different valves to water supply line connections, the bypass valve system of the present invention is adaptable to all such known configurations. As set forth below, the primary selection in the use of the bypass faucet assembly of the present invention is whether to place the bypass valve in a stationary portion of the faucet, such as the hot water piping leading to the faucet or in a housing or block portion of the faucet, or to place the bypass valve in the moveable valving of the faucet. Selection of which location to place the bypass valve assembly will often be dictated by economics, preferences, limitations on the amount of space available, the current design of the faucet and/or the willingness to change.
As is well known, single handle faucets, an example of which is shown as fixture body 60, faucet 10 without its decorative covering, in
The single handle faucet body 60 with spherical ball valving means 64, shown in
Another example of a single handle water control fixture is shown as 110 in
This family of valves may utilize either a moveable perforated hollow spherical ball 64, as shown in
The previous simple hollow sphere, now 134 (shown in
The two inlet ports on ball body 135, shown as 156 for the hot water inlet port and 158 for the cold water inlet port on
There are several major advantages to this arrangement. These advantages include: (1) the complete ball 134 is easily replaced to fix a malfunctioning bypass valve 36; (2) for retrofit, the original ball 64 can be removed and replaced with the new valve-in-ball 134. No other changes need be made to the existing faucet 10 (however, a booster pump 26 located near the hot water heater 18 in the hot water line 20 does of course need to be installed). This is particularly advantageous where it would be very difficult or impractical to replace an existing complete faucet valve, such as a shower valve installed behind a tiled wall.
While the hollow ball 64 of the Delta faucet (and other clone faucets) provides an adequate space in a convenient location for installation of the bypass valve 36, a miniaturized version of the bypass valve 36 can also be fitted into the replaceable cylindrical valving cartridges of other brands of single handle faucets with an action characterized by oscillating movement about a vertical centerline to adjust water temperature. Such a valving action to control mixing is commonly used in Price-Pfister, Sterling, American Standard, Moen, and Kohler faucets, among others. These faucets use a push-pull or tipping lever action to operate the on-off function within the same (usually) cylindrical cartridge. On some configurations, it is likely that space would have to be made by lengthening these cylindrical faucet cartridges, which would in turn call for a compensating change to the faucet central housing.
In the position shown in
The bypass valve 36 components (consisting of bias spring 226, shuttle 218, actuator piston 228 and actuator 230) are enclosed within the tubular portion of spool 204. Shuttle 218 is located (floats) between bias spring 226 and actuator 230. Shuttle 218 has a central cruciform shaped member with an integral elastomer sleeve 232 attached to the four legs of the cruciform. Four axial passages within the sleeve 232 and around the cruciform are thus provided. This elastomer sleeve 232 is in contact with and seals against the inner surface of tubular spool 204. When thermal actuator 230 is heated to its actuation temperature, it "suddenly" extends piston 228 outward, moving shuttle 218 (to the left in
Two bleed holes 234 and 236 are so located through the wall of tubular spool 204 as to line up with hot water inlet 210 and cold water inlet 208, respectively, when the manually operated spool 204 is pushed all the way into housing 206 (the off position). Further, bleed hole 236 is axially located slightly closer to the bias spring end of spool 204. O-rings 238 seal spool 204 and retaining clip 240 holds sleeve 222 within housing 206.
When sufficient cooled off water has passed through the valve 200 to bring "hot" water to and through the valve 200, actuator 230 will be warmed to its actuation temperature and will expand, forcing shuttle 218 against bias spring 226. This axial movement will result in elastomer sleeve 232 covering cold bleed hole 236. Boosted hot water pressure internal to sleeve 232 will hold sleeve 232 outward against the inner wall of tubular spool 204, effectively sealing bleed hole 236, and stopping the bypass flow until the valve cools down, causing bias spring 226 to force shuttle 218 back against piston 10 into contracting actuator 230, again opening cold bleed hole 236.
The elastomer sleeve 232 has a second function, that of acting as a check valve. When any faucet in the plumbing system is opened, the resulting flow may induce a substantial pressure drop in the associated plumbing line (either hot 20 or cold 16, depending on which faucet was opened). If a bypass valve 36 is open at such a time, such a pressure difference may cause sufficient water to leak through so as to constitute a nuisance. If the lowered pressure is on the hot water line 20, no "leak" will occur as the higher pressure of the cold water inside the sleeve 232 will hold it against the inner wall of tubular spool 204 in the vicinity of hot bleed hole 234, effecting a seal. If the lowered pressure is on the cold side, the valve 200 will allow cooled off water from the hot water line 20 to bypass into the cold water line until warm water arrives at the valve 200, at which time the shuttle 218 will shift and cut off the bypass.
Although two handle, single spout faucets might have been expected to fade out of demand in favor of the more convenient single handle faucets, the two handle faucets (shown as 10 in
Most modern two handle faucets utilize a cartridge design in a pair of valve member 166, shown in
The major difference of concern in this matter between single handle single spout and two handle single spout faucet designs is that in the single handle central block, it is possible to create the connecting passages (bypass) by simply drilling cross holes, as discussed above. With two separate hot and cold faucet valves located four inches apart, some kind of cross conduit for the bypass must be added. There seem to be two approaches to directing the water from the hot and cold faucets to a confluence and out to the single spout. American-Standard, Oasis, La. Bella and some Price-Pfisters use a large brass casting that includes the spout, both hot and cold faucet housings, and a cored cast passage connecting all of this together. Adding a thermal bypass valve 36 to such a two handle faucet set would require the addition of an additional cored cast passage to accomplish the bypass function between hot and cold lines. Delta, Moen, Kohler, and some Price Pfister two handle single spout valves use brazed-in copper tube manifolds instead of cored cast passages. These would require the addition of a tubular cross passage brazed in. The Delta two handle single spout valve has a somewhat different valving action which makes it much more difficult to fit in a thermal valve cartridge. This new passage (cored or brazed tubular) needs to connect to the vertical hot and cold "pipe" members below their existing side port to the spout. These faucet sets generally do not have sufficient vertical space under the polished bezel to accommodate the extra passage. This will require addition of some vertical length to the skirt of the valve bezel.
The operation of the bypass valve 36 inside of faucet 10 of the present invention is summarized on the chart shown as
If the hot water valve is turned on with the thermal element 88 open as in mode IVB above, pressure in the line 20 to the hot water side of faucet 10 will drop below the pressure in the cold water line 16. This differential pressure, higher on the cold side, will load check valve 96 in the "closed" direction allowing no cross flow. This is mode IVC in the outline on
Explanation of
MODE 1: Water In Hot Water Supply Line Hot, Pump On.
Flow-induced pressure drops about equal, valve 36 stays open and may allow recirculation (leak) hot to cold until tepid water is exhausted and hotter water a long shallow groove 190 in or a reduced diameter of piston 44 that would extend from just inside the guide bore 186 (at full extension) to just outside the guide bore 186 at full retraction would provide a recess to contain buildup for a long period. Once this recessed area filled up with lime, the edge 188 of guide bore 186 could scrape off the incrementally radially extending soft build up relatively easily, as compared to scraping off the surface layer that bonds more tenaciously to the metal.
The most direct method to overcome sticking due to mineral buildup is to optimize actuator force in both directions. Buildup of precipitated minerals on the exposed outside diameter of the extended piston 44 tends to prevent retraction, requiring a strong bias spring 106. This high bias spring force subtracts from the available extending force however, thereby limiting the force available to both extend the piston 44 against the mineral sticking resistance and to effect an axial seal between poppet and seat.
When water temperature is high, the piston 44 is extended so that its surface is exposed. Deposition also occurs primarily at high temperatures, so that buildup occurs on the piston outside diameter, resulting in sticking in the extended position when the growth on the piston outside diameter exceeds the guide 186 interior diameter. Significantly more than half of the available actuator force thus can most effectively be used to compress the bias spring 106, resulting in a maximum return force.
While there is shown and described herein certain specific alternative forms of the invention, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not so limited, but is susceptible to various modifications and rearrangements in design and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In particular, it should be noted that the present invention is subject to modification with regard to the dimensional relationships set forth herein and modifications in assembly, materials, size, shape, and use. While the invention has been described in terms of various specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described embodiments (and/or aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Dimensions, types of materials, orientations of the various components, and the number and positions of the various components described herein are intended to define parameters of certain embodiments, and are by no means limiting and are merely exemplary embodiments. Many other embodiments and modifications within the spirit and scope of the claims will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. In the appended claims, the terms "including" and "in which" are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms "comprising" and "wherein." Moreover, in the following claims, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects. Further, the limitations of the following claims are not written in means —plus-function format and are not intended to be interpreted based on 35 U.S.C. �112, sixth paragraph, unless and until such claim limitations expressly use the phrase "means for" followed by a statement of function void of further structure.
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|Hot water system and controls therefor
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|The Blumenauer Corporation, Aqua-Heat Hot Water recirculating System; 4 pages, 2004.
|The Chilipepper Hot Water Appliance, How to Get FASTER Hot Water!!!, 22 pages, 2004.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 7, 2011
|Aug 13, 2013
|Grundfos Pumps Manufacturing Corporation
|Water control fixture having bypass valve
|Jul 17, 2013
|Sep 2, 2014
|Dale Kempf
|Water control fixture having bypass valve
|Mar 12, 2014
|Aug 15, 2017
|Scott E. Dolgos
|Adjustable temperature regulated faucet
|Feb 17, 2016
|Sep 19, 2017
|Craig W. Billings
|Low water sensor testing device
|Dec 7, 2011
|Sep 6, 2012
|Grundfos Pumps Manufacturing Corporation
|Water control fixture having bypass valve
|Jul 17, 2013
|Nov 14, 2013
|Grundfos Pumps Manufacturing Corporation
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|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jul 19, 2013
Owner name: GRUNDFOS PUMPS MANUFACTURING CORPORATION, CALIFORN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KEMPF, DALE;LUM, KEN;REEL/FRAME:030841/0422
Effective date: 20020129
|Jun 22, 2015
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


text:
Biogeodynamics and Biodiversity Interactions Group
Biogeodynamics and Biodiversity Interactions Group
Dini-Andreote F.,University of Groningen |
de Cassia Pereira e Silva M.,University of Groningen |
Triado-Margarit X.,Biogeodynamics and Biodiversity Interactions Group |
Casamayor E.O.,Biogeodynamics and Biodiversity Interactions Group |
And 2 more authors.
ISME Journal | Year: 2014
The mechanisms underlying community assembly and promoting temporal succession are often overlooked in microbial ecology. Here, we studied an undisturbed salt marsh chronosequence, spanning over a century of ecosystem development, to understand bacterial succession in soil. We used 16S rRNA gene-based quantitative PCR to determine bacterial abundance and multitag 454 pyrosequencing for community composition and diversity analyses. Despite 10-fold lower 16S rRNA gene abundances, the initial stages of soil development held higher phylogenetic diversities than the soil at late succession. Temporal variations in phylogenetic β-diversity were greater at initial stages of soil development, possibly as a result of the great dynamism imposed by the daily influence of the tide, promoting high immigration rates. Allogenic succession of bacterial communities was mostly driven by shifts in the soil physical structure, as well as variations in pH and salinity, which collectively explained 84.5% of the variation concerning community assemblage. The community assembly data for each successional stage were integrated into a network co-occurrence analysis, revealing higher complexity at initial stages, coinciding with great dynamism in turnover and environmental variability. Contrary to a spatial niche-based perspective of bacterial community assembly, we suggest temporal niche partitioning as the dominant mechanism of assembly (promoting more phylotype co-occurrence) in the initial stages of succession, where continuous environmental change results in the existence of multiple niches over short periods of time.The ISME Journal advance online publication, 17 April 2014; doi:10.1038/ismej.2014.54.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
When you think of fishing, you might think of men in vests, quietly sitting on the edge of a lake, pond, or river, waiting for hours and hours in between small indications of aquatic life. While that might sound relaxing and pleasant for some individuals, many would find that type of a vacation or holiday boring. However, in reality, there are many different types of fishing, and many different ways to find excitement and joy in fishing as a hobby. This article will talk about a few of the different types of fishing available to both experienced and casual fishermen today, as well as the many fishing opportunities that await travelers to Port Aransas, Texas.
Port Aransas Attractions
Port Aransas, Texas is known to some as the fishing capital of Texas, and it offers opportunities for everyone, regardless of taste, preferences, and experience level. Port Aransas hosts over fifty fishing tournaments each year, allowing fishermen and women of all ages and experience levels to participate in the best competitive fishing in Texas. There are areas perfect for fly fishing—beautiful fishing holes, and even areas that are only accessible by kayak. There are long beaches suitable for surf fishing, as well as piers and jetties that allow fishermen and women to engage in that classic Texas deep sea fishing, day or night. The deep offshore waters from Port Aransas offer extraordinary deep sea fishing for those with private boats or those who engage one of the available Port Aransas charters for phenomenal deep sea fishing trips.
Deep Sea Fishing Trips in Port Aransas, Texas
Deep sea fishing from Port Aransas allow anglers to, throughout the year, catch such deep sea species as barracuda, red snapper, mackerel, kingfish, dolphin, marlin, and more. Texas deep sea fishing trips are a great way to get off the coast and into the ocean for a memorable offshore fishing experience.
Port Aransas Charters for Deep Sea Fishing
Deep sea fishing requires larger boats as well as more sophisticated knowledge of weather patterns, safety precautions, and water navigation, as well as more specific knowledge of baits and lures for large fish. For this reason, most fishermen opt to charter a boat for deep sea fishing trips from Port Aransas rather than to use their own boats. Port Aransas fishing trips are a great way to have a successful deep sea fishing experience, because your trip will be led by a guide who is extremely knowledgeable about the fish in the area, as well as the necessary weather and safety precautions. Passage on Port Aransas fishing charters can be obtained from a variety of local providers, and it is best to schedule with them in advance to ensure that you have a place.
Something Exciting for Everyone
In Port Aransas, there is something to do for everyone, from first time fishermen to experienced anglers. Travelers to Port Aransas will find a variety of available activities, but those who long for a true Texas deep sea fishing experience will be most satisfied by obtaining passage on a deep sea fishing charter boat.
Thanks for stopping by my blog. Here's a video I'll leave you with that's not exactly fishing in Texas but still a great watch!
Thanks for stopping by my blog. Here's a video I'll leave you with that's not exactly fishing in Texas but still a great watch!


text: The recently formed Team S.W.I.F.T. (Swift Women in Fast Track) is looking for new members. The group will meet on Saturday at the Del Norte High School track.Co-founders Sandra Swift and Susan Roberts spent considerable time and thought over a running woman's needs and expectations. The team's focus will be both individual and group oriented. Individually, each woman will learn better technique using drills, stretches and workouts, and will identify goals. Shawn Burke, certified personal trainer, has agreed to work with the group. As a group, the women already are bonding into a vibrant, supportive team. Their first goal is to run the Trinidad to Clam Beach run on Feb. 2. Some may walk parts of it, others expect to accomplish a faster run than ever. As a team, they will meet three times a week to run. Tuesday and Thursday they will offer morning and evening runs to allow for family and work commitments. Saturday mornings will be a group run and meetings will be at the high school.The group will meet this Saturday at 8 a.m. at the high school track. For more information, E-mail email@example.com.


text:
Yorke O scale - Senora Store
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- Sold Date:
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Thomas Yorke O scale - Senora StoreOriginal Kit - not cheaper reissues New- opened once when first purchased to inspect kit - taped shut ever since - opened again only to take picture for this listing. Box label missing. Box shows shelf wear and tape marks Bidders must have a minimum of 15 successful bids with 100% feedback as a buyer. All packages are carefully wrapped with bubble wrap, foam and/or peanuts to insure safe arrival of your purchase Ship to continental US only. Will ship to Hawaii, Canada, Japan, Hong Kong, Australia and Western Europe. Extra postage will be invoiced thru paypal after auction. Sent fully valued and fully insured. Import taxes, duties, fees (any extra charges) are buyers responsibility. Contact me to see if I ship to your country no PO box addresses Payment within 48 hours of auction ending Big heavy kit to ship - extra packing required.


text:
A bit of body magic
Discussion in 'Slimming World - Through the stones to your zone' started by trcy1066, 22 May 2011 Social URL.
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text:
|26 Jan 2014
Here is the first New Winupdate file. BTW... a "?" has appearred in the WindowsHelp32 file.
Attachment 303561
Proceeding with SFC
|My System Specs
|26 Jan 2014
SFC returns " Another servicing or repair operation is currently running" "Wait and run sfc again".
|My System Specs
|26 Jan 2014
Why is WinHelp32 even attempting to open??
Reboot and try SFC again - sound like the uninstall hasn't completed yet.
|My System Specs
|26 Jan 2014
I have attached the 2 requested files. You reminded me to be sure to download the correct file, as there are several listed on that page, is there an identifier I should be looking for?
Attachment 303568
Attachment 303569
Thank you for your help.
|My System Specs
|27 Jan 2014
I am happy to report that this issue has been solved. My friend's laptop is completely updated to SP 1 and IE 11. It is gratifying to know that there are folks around that are willing to lend a hand and expertise. No doubt, the lady to whom this laptop belongs, will reward me with some of the best...wine I've had in some time. Unfortunately, I'm one of those people that reads the TOS. Sorry NoelDP, tipping is not allowed.
|My System Specs
|27 Jan 2014
..worse luck - otherwise I'd be able to go to the pub every night
Glad to hear the problem is solved - keep an eye on Windows Update for a while and let me know if it causes any problems, but I don't think it will.
Good luck!
|My System Specs
|Thread Tools
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IE11 fails install, error 0x80070643
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Repair Install fails due to WinSetup.dll error
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final step of install fails. error msg.
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Two issues: Upgrade install of W7x86 fails and W7x64 fails to clean install
Clean installing W7 x86 is no problem. But 1) upgrading Vista x86 to W7 x86 fails and automatically rolls back to Vista, and 2) attempt to clean install W7 x64 results in BSOD when rebooting to finalize the process. Any suggestion would be appreciated.
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text:
You know I realize that we live in the times of Jackass and The Girls Next Door and Bret Michaels trying to find a wife on VH1, but you know it still pisses me off when people around me have no tact.
I've been working out a week's notice at my employer, and today – on my last day – I come in to find that there are four interviews today for my job. Nice. I've busted my ass for this boss, taken all kinds of unjustified criticism, been yelled at because other people misfiled pleadings and documents and entire files and still I've been here and worked as hard as I did on Day one.
All week I sensed he was trying to get back at me for leaving. Something has been brewing underneath the surface while everyone was giving me sideways glances, mad because they don't get to leave this place too.
Isn't it sad when you start a job as hopeful as you can because you think this job will be great and shortly after you start working there you realize what a hell-hole you've just joined up with? I know why people quit without notice because of this place now. I've held my tongue and always conducted myself like a professional I thought and I just think this is tactless.
I've worked on their websites, started one up for them when his wife became terminally ill that he uses everyday to convey well wishes to his wife and share with them her struggles, I've worked overtime, designed fliers and brochures, worked at home, come up on the weekends, cared about the clients and their struggles, remembered their names and their kids and done the best job I think anyone could do.
And this is the thanks I get. No "thank you for working your ass off for me", no "We enjoyed having you here". No "we're happy you found something you're excited about.." Nope. Just four interviews scheduled on my last day like I never gave this place my all.
I feel like I'm emerging from the trenches with the flag of my enemy clutched in my bloody, bruised hand at last, victorious and glad to be alive having survived this.
Good Luck! Wish You Well! Peace!


text:
Download: Trife "The Project Pope"
July 1, 2009 by Paul Cantor
Filed under music, Raw Footage
Download Trife "The Project Pope"
You might want to listen to track #1, "I'm Sayin it Now," produced by yours truly.
You all remember Trife, right? He's the dude who's been (pause) holding Ghostface down since Supreme Clientele dropped in '99. He appeared on Toney Starks next LP, Bulletproof Wallets, making a name for himself with his verse from "The Juks" (produced by, go figure, Alchemist). Since then he's basically been seen as the Wallabee Champ's right hand man. One might argue that Trife became the Ying that Raekwon once was to Ghostface's Yang.
Trife's always been looked at as the Theodore Unit's most well-rounded member. He displayed that on the group's compilation project compilation 718 (Sure Shot Recordings) back in 2004, then again on Put It On The Line, a collabo CD/DVD that dropped with Ghostface in 2005. Later, he'd put in solid appearances on Ghost's solo projects Fishscale (2006), More Fish (2006), and The Big Doe Rehab (2007), respectively.
I merely cite all of that info because it needs to be understood that Trife is not necessarily a new artist. The guy's been on more albums and rocked more stages in more countries than your average blog rapper. He's getting ready to drop a proper solo LP in late July called Better Late Than Never, but as a warm-up to the project he just released a mixtape with Tapemasters Inc. called The Project Pope.
Now honestly, some of this music's been floating around the net for a while, or appeared on various LPs, so to those in tune with the guy's catalog, I guess you'll just have to wait for the new album to drop to hear newer songs.
As for the particular tune produced by me, I think that was cut some time around 2005. That beat came out of a batch of tracks I cooked up after spending some time hanging out with Jay-Z's former producer Ski Beatz. A lot of people referenced that beat (True story: that's just a 2track, no mix), but what nobody has ever really detected about it, which is one of the reasons why I'm not so crazy about it in retrospect, is that it's in mono. Such a crazy sample, but it's not even in stereo!
Alchemist on Touring with Eminem- "It's 80s music and Uno"
June 29, 2009 by Paul Cantor
Filed under Raw Footage
The Alchemist's 2nd LP, Chemical Warfare, finally drops next Tuesday, July 7th. Just think, two years ago (two!) Will Johnson and I sat in Alchemist's living room talking about this very same project for Scratch Magazine. But as the saying goes, timing is everything, and the hands on the clock weren't aligned properly back then. So here we are. Having gotten an early listen, it's truly been worth the wait. As hip-hop veers towards electric slide territory, the ALC's new LP is a healthy dosage of sample-based hardcore hip-hop. Heavy drums, deep bass grooves, and lyricists spitting like they've got something to prove.
I've got a bunch of interview clips with Alchemist that I shot last week in the
Koch E1 Music offices. I'll be rolling them out over the next week or so, but for now, check out what he had to say about touring with and DJing for Eminem, now that the Detroit rapper's gone sober on us.
Al says:
"We play a lot of Uno on tour with Em. He enjoys my Uno game. Now that he's sober, it's a little bit different these days. Not many tequila parties before the show. It's more like 80s music and Uno, and we're ready to rock. Private jets, Uno, pizza, 80s music… Air Supply, "Fast Car" Tracy Chapman, Hall and Oates. That's basically what we do."
Then check Alchemist talking about how differently he gets treated as Em's DJ vs. being The Alchemist.
That's some truly funny stuff right there.
More to come
Download Will Roush "Know My Name" Hosted by DJ Skee and DJ Whoo Kid
June 24, 2009 by Paul Cantor
Filed under Raw Footage
Well, I've been hyping this kid Will Roush for months. His mixtape is finally here. I'm going to write a separate post very soon about why I chose to get involved with Will's project, but for now, check out the work.
Know My Name Vol. 1 is a conceptual mixtape, themed around the idea of Will Roush, who's a new artist, traveling back in time to learn all about hip-hop's incredible history before moving forward with his own burgeoning rap career. The tape is split between him rocking over classic instrumentals which tie into the project's theme, and original music.
DOWNLOAD: BK Cyph "Rhymes Are Easy, Life Is Hard" Mixtape
This is what BK Cyph had to say about dropping this highly anticipated mixtape project:
I couldn't pay my mortgage this month, but put out a free mixtape. With all of life's ups and downs, it feels like music is my only escape. Thank you to everyone involved especially RL and Paul "Gooch" Cantor.
Well hey, you throw my name in anything, I'm gonna support!
But on the serious tip, BK Cyph is a friend, a peer and a confidant. I can say that about a handful of folks in the music industry, and he's definitely one of them.
The master mix on this project is straight out the Pro Tools 8 from the very computer I'm typing this on. For the production/engineering heads that check out this site, I'll have you know I used Maxim as a mastering plug for the first time ever. This is after years running the L1 Ultramaximizer. But alas, my Waves plug-ins went bust (long story), so Maxim had to do. Not bad. It colors the sound much in the same way I feel like the mastering suite in Reason does. I do notice that it doesn't have as much headroom as the L1 though. Levels peak quickly, so the ceiling needs a bit of adjustment, and that in turn affects just how "squashed" the signal ends up sounding. I had to play with it quite a bit. The L series, you could just throw it on the Master channel and never see your signal clip.
1. Til Death Do Us
2. Stars Feat. The Incomparable Shakespeare & Mickey Factz (Prod By RL)
3. Never Sold Crack (Prod By Acafool)
4. The Voice
5. Return of the Dodgers (Prod By Graphic)
6. Flyer Preview (Prod By RL)
7. Bang Bang
8. Beastly Feat. Laws (Prod By JK the Supernova)
9. James Evans
10. Different Over Here Feat. Streets Buchannon, U-N-I, Lex One (Prod By Lex One)
11. BK's Punch-Out (Prod By RL)
12. Rhymes Are Easy
13. Life is Hard (Prod By RL)
14. Goin' Back (Prod By Paul "Gooch" Cantor)
Download: BK Cyph- Rhymes are Easy, Life is Hard
Slaughterhouse Makes Me Enjoy Rap Music
I'm not a Slaughterhouse stan. I mean to some extent or another, I've paid attention to what everyone in the group has been doing. But to say that I'm tapped into the Slaughterhouse zeitgeist like that would be a huge overstatement. I'm probably most in tune with Joell Ortiz movements, if anyone in the group. And that's mainly because he's the youngest of the crew, has the least amount of back history to make me dislike him for any reason. The other guys, maybe it's just because I want hip-hop, music and fuck it, myself, to move forward, I haven't really been into their movements like that. I appreciate them for what they do, but it's just not my thing. I was writing about Joe Budden five years ago. Where's the new shit?
Still, whatever I've heard from these guys thus far has been straight cocaine.
But this freestyle took me back to another era in rap, where clearly if you were going to spit, you needed to come with it like Canibus in 1999. This is late 90s era of niceness, not that 2005 level of niceness, where guys like Jim Jones and insert random swag rapper of the moment get a pass for having whatever amounts to a buzz in this day and age. The bar has obviously been lowered over the years, let's not kid ourselves.
Slaughterhouse may be upping the ante on what is considered dope in 2009. Granted, it's to be determined whether or not anyone actually cares, but if it's any indication, I haven't had a conversation with a casual rap fan in weeks that has had to do with anything except Slaughterhouse. That's the topic of convo it seems. And here I was thinking nobody knew these guys outside of the internets.
Flex will drop a bomb (if he hasn't already done so, sorry I don't have a radio) on a Slaughterhouse record in 5, 4, 3, 2….
Producer Digga Talks About the Beat Game And 50 Cent's "Many Men"
Spotted this video over at Nahright, with Digga talking about changes in production technology, the backstory on 50 Cent's "Many Men," and then recreates the track.
I've never really felt that "Many Men" was the most complex of tracks, but the beat was always one of my favorites. Goes to show you that you really don't need to do that much to make a hot record. I think a lot of producers get caught up in trying to chop chop chop the hell out of a record instead of just leaving the vibe intact, then adding their flare to it. I was never crazy about the mix on the song though. I always felt like the drums were mixed very poorly, they stood out in the mix too much.
Another one of my favorite Digga tracks, Camron's "Losin Weight"
What I really want to know is, what the hell is that touchscreen that Digga is using with Reason?
I need that NOW
Jay-Z's "D.O.A" Original Sample
June 9, 2009 by Paul Cantor
Filed under Raw Footage
No ID didn't alter it too much, but still, some credit goes to him for finding a hot sample. I, for one, miss the days when a dope loop could suffice for a hot beat. I think producers tend to overproduce now, too much chopping and adding unnecessary elements to the track that rob the sample of its original groove, which is probably why it sounded good enough to sample in the first place.
NBA Finals Anthem, Will Roush- "Where Roush Happens"
June 2, 2009 by Paul Cantor
Filed under Raw Footage
RECAP: Mos Def and Talib Kweli are Blackstar Live at Nokia Theater May 30th 2009
June 1, 2009 by Paul Cantor
Filed under Raw Footage
The underground hip-hop movement of the late 90s/early aughts returned to New York City this weekend, in the form of two sold out live shows from Blackstar (aka Mos Def and Talib Kweli) at the Nokia Theater in Times Square. The event was produced by Peter Oasis' Live N Direct company (myself included) and Blacksmith Music's Corey Smyth.
I spent most of the night bouncing between the middle of the theater and backstage, where there were a host of characters I either a) hadn't seen in a while (Jean Grae, whatup!) or b) didn't know altogether (insert random weed carrier's person's name here). Even the elusive Damon Dash made an appearance, although he appeared quite drunk sedated.
Sometimes, just being in the music business, going through the various ups and downs, working in it full time on a day to day basis as opposed to being a casual fan, the magic gets lost. No matter what you're doing– rapping, producing, writing, PR, manager, label exec, journalist, etc– you start to question why you're even in the game, what the attraction is, what keeps you here. I'm not the only one, I'm just one of the few who'll admit it.
But there was this one point in the concert, when Kweli was performing "Get By," where I glanced over at the side of the theater, by the steps leading up to the balcony, and I saw this kid sort of off by himself. I have to imagine he was maybe 25 years old, of Latin descent. And as Kweli's performing, he's literally matching him line for line, got the hand movements going, the lyricist bop and all. He's doing that thing we suburban folks did in the mirror as kids (mine was to Redman's "Tonight's Da Night" more often than not), and then I just felt this chill come over me. And I smiled. And I realized again what it's all for. Just to love music so much that you live in that moment right there.
Here are some pictures and video footage I got from the show. Not the greatest of quality (let me know if you want to donate a camera!), but I do what I can.
Blackstar from stage right
"The Blast" from the balcony
My buddy Elliott Wilson got the entire show from the latter portion of the evening on tape. Bless that man's soul, because it was damn near 2am when these dudes got on stage, and even the biggest hip-hop fans succumb to weary eyes and legs post midnight.
"Beats to the Rhyme" and "The Blast"
Shouts to everyone else I saw in there, Guy Routte, Pumpkinhead, Ice, Jon Moskowitz, Aari Jubran, Timmhotep Aku, Nef …. Honestly, too many folks to even remember or name off the top of my head.
David Banner Interview Part 2- On Drinking Alcohol
May 26, 2009 by Paul Cantor
Filed under Raw Footage
In part 2 of my interview with David Banner, he explains how before he began working out and getting in shape, he was known for his excessive drinking. Now? Not so much. He says:
"That's what I was known for, drinking a half a gallon of Hennessy every two days. But now, by the time I work out, that takes me an hour… it takes me a half hour to get ready, a half hour to an hour to get home, wash up and start my day. It's like, you don't have time for no bull."
This is an important aspect of getting in shape or getting "healthy" that people often overlook. It's this idea of how your process affects other so-called lifestyle choices, like drinking. If you're in the entertainment business, this is almost triple fold, as our business relies heavily on the drink for, well, everything. You go to a recording studio, there's generally alcohol around. You go to a listening event, liquor available. Afterwork meet-up with friends, drinks abound. Dinner meeting, I'll have a glass of red wine with my meal. Hipster bar in Williamsburg to see a new band, ah what the hell, when in Rome, give me a Pabst.
Before you know it, you're drinking damn near every night of the week. You may not be a raging alcoholic, heck you may not even drink much at all. But there are a lot of calories in alcohol, and on top of that, usually the ingredients that alcohol is mixed with are high in sugar- whether it be juices, sour mix, soda or whatever.
It's not the worst thing in the world to have a drink from time to time, but think about all the additional calories you're consuming as a result. And is it all worth it?
That's debatable. You want to put in face time, that's for sure. But these days, when a lot of people are telecommuting and such, and it's all about skill and productivity, you may find yourself opting out of a lot of social engagements and commitments that don't directly impact you in some very real and identifiable way. Like, showing up for that listening party (and drinking at it, no less) may not get you another assignment from an editor. But getting the proper 8 hours of rest at night, and making sure you're bright and attentive at 9am, thinking clearly and sending out pitches will.
Your diet and exercise efforts will subconsciously put this all in perspective for you as you move along.


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George F. Will is today's most widely read columnist. His newspaper column has been syndicated by The Washington Post since 1974. Today it appears twice weekly in approximately 475 newspapers in the United States and in Europe. In 1976, he became a regular contributing editor of Newsweek magazine, for which he provided a bimonthly essay until 2011.
In 1977, he won a Pulitzer Prize for commentary for his newspaper columns. Altogether eight collections of Will's Newsweek and Washington Post columns have been published, the most recent being "One Man's America". In 1990, Will published "Men At Work: The Craft of Baseball", which topped The New York Times best-seller list for two months and was most recently reissued on April 13, 2010 as a 20th Anniversary special edition with a new introduction (paperback). In 1998, Scribner published Bunts: Curt Flood, Camden Yards, Pete Rose and Other Reflections on Baseball, a best-selling collection of new and previously published writings by Will on baseball. His new book, A Nice Little Place on the North Side: Wrigley Field at One Hundred, was released March 25, 2014. Will was a member of Major League Baseball's Blue Ribbon Panel, examining baseball economics.
For 32 years, beginning as a founding member in 1981, he was a panelist on ABC television's This Week with George Stephanopoulos. In 2013, he became a contributor to FOX News' daytime and primetime programming. Will was born in Champaign, Illinois, educated at Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut, Oxford University and Princeton University, where he earned his Ph.D. He has taught political philosophy at Michigan State University, the University of Toronto and Harvard University. Will served as a staff member in the United States Senate from 1970 to 1972. From 1973 through 1976, he was the Washington editor of National Review magazine. Today, Will lives and works in Washington.
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- In Stock
Series : Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Short and Long Term Effects of Breast Feeding on Child Health
- Author
- Koletzko, Berthold (EDT)/ Michaelsen, Kim Fleischer (EDT)/ Hernell, Olle (EDT)
- Publisher
- Kluwer Academic Publishers
- Publication Date
- Oct, 2000
- 0306464055 or 9780306464058
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Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of the International Society for Research in Human Milk and Lactation (ISRHML), October 2-6, 1999, Bavaria, Germany. The quality of infant feeding is of major importance for child health development and well being, and breast feeding is the natural form of supplying food to the infant and is considered to be ideally adapted to the needs of both mother and child. This contributed volume therefore, brings together the research on the physiological foundations and on the biological effects of breast feeding, both short and long term. This book contains the work of scientists from over thirty countries, many of whom are leading researchers in their fields, and details papers presented by the invited speakers of the conference and short summaries of presentations of original research results.


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Halliburton Announces Ecofriendly Fracking Fluid, More Disclosure
By MIKE SORAGHAN of Greenwire
Published: November 15, 2010
Halliburton Co., which is fighting U.S. EPA about disclosure of its hydraulic fracturing fluid, today announced that it will publicly disclose detailed information on its website about the chemicals used in its fracturing fluids.
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The Houston-based oilfield services company announced the creation of a new fracturing fluid that uses chemicals "sourced entirely from the food industry."
"Halliburton pioneered fracturing technology more than 60 years ago, but the safe and efficient use of this technology has never been more important or in greater demand than it is right now," said David Adams, vice president of Halliburton's production enhancement product service line. "We believe we've effectively set a new standard for how unconventional resources may be accessed and produced in the future."
The disclosure website shows that many of the chemicals used in fracturing are as benign as food additives. "Guar gum," for example, is a thickener used in ice cream and fruit jelly. It also lists concentrations.
But it also lists more dangerous ingredients, such as the petroleum distillate called naptha, which is used in cleaners, car wax and paint thinner. There are also several chemicals, sometimes considered hazardous, used in household cleansers and others used in agriculture as microbiocide agents.
"We believe this effort represents an important and substantive contribution to the broader long-term imperative of transparency," Adams said. "While the initial focus of the additive disclosure pages are limited to activities taking place in Pennsylvania, where development of the Marcellus Shale is already well under way, the company is committed to continuing to provide hydraulic fracturing fluid disclosure information for every U.S. state in which Halliburton's fracture stimulation services are in use."
But environmentalists say more information is still needed and should be required by federal regulators.
"The public wants to know what chemicals are being used near drinking water sources," said Amy Mall of the Natural Resources Defense Council. "While it's nice to see Halliburton acknowledging that desire, it's not meaningful or sufficient unless this information is fully disclosed on a site-by-site basis."
She said it is unclear on the Halliburton website whether the list includes all chemicals being used or only some. "So," she said, "more details are necessary."
A Halliburton spokesman said that the individual, well-by-well data, is owned by the oil and gas companies that hire Halliburton, so the company could not disclose that if it wanted to.
Toxins like naptha are not in the new, more environmentally friendly fluid introduced by Halliburton today.
Still, some of the ingredients are considered hazardous by government regulators even though they are used in food, Halliburton said. An example is "inorganic acid," used in cheese, alcoholic beverages and rust dissolver.
"That's why we insist on employing the best practices available when it comes to handling those fluids, transporting them, storing them, and using them to help our customers produce energy for the American people," the company states on its website.
Mall said the more environmentally friendly fluid shows "that industry has the technology to economically operate in much cleaner ways than it is now."
Disclosure a key issue
The extent of public disclosure of fracturing fluid has been a significant issue as gas drilling has spread into areas, such as the Northeast, that are not as comfortable with petroleum products as Western states.
Democrats in Congress, including Pennsylvania Sen. Bob Casey, have introduced legislation called the "FRAC Act," to lift fracturing's exemption from the Safe Drinking Water Act. It would also require public disclosure on the Internet of fracturing fluid chemicals.
Drilling companies have generally said they favor "disclosure" but often that does not include the public. Instead, they are willing to disclose ingredients to regulators and, in the event of medical emergencies, physicians.
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Hello! Trying to decide between Cinque Terre or Amalfi Coast. We will be on a vacation in Italy in early June 2016. Traveling with my husband, my father (65 and in excellent shape), and my 2 daughters (will be 3 and 5- pretty well behaved as far as kids go! No more naps and we often do travel without a stroller). We will be on the ground somewhere between 16-20 days and hoping to also visit Florence, Venice and Rome.
Given all of this info, where would you choose- CT or AC? I realize this is probably very subjective, but I am very torn and could use any and all of your opinions! I really want to visit both places but I know we wont have the time. This is a once in a lifetime trip for our family, and I am not sure when if at all we will be able to visit Italy again. So I really want to make a good decision! Thank you for your help!!!
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Cinque Terre or Amalfi Coast?
Hello! Trying to decide between Cinque Terre or Amalfi Coast. We will be on a vacation in Italy in early June 2016. Traveling with my husband, my father (65 and in excellent shape), and my 2 daughters (will be 3 and 5- pretty well behaved as far as kids go! No more naps and we often do travel without a stroller). We will be on the ground somewhere between 16-20 days and hoping to also visit Florence, Venice and Rome.
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What kinds of things do you want to see and do at this seaside location?
I think 16 days would be a bit short for visiting even four locations, some requiring a fairly long trip to get to, and also to get back to the next stop. I would aim for 20 days.
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Well the CT is focused primarily on hiking cliff trails so I'm not sure how great it would be with two little ones - may be too limiting/boring.
The AC has a lot more to see and do as well as a number of different towns to stay in. BUT several are still cut into the side of a cliff so getting from one place to another requires climbing a LOT of steps - too much for a 3 year old and and probably also a 5 year old. But you do have the option of finding a place to stay near the water and avoiding the worst of the stairs. But there are a number of ferries - including to Capri, Naples, Sorrento (to get to Pompeii - but don't plan on spending too much time there with little ones).
It really depends on what yu want to do/see.
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You can see Cinque Terre without hiking between villages by taking the local train that runs between the villages. I wouldn't recommend the hikes with very young children as the trails are not well groomed in many places and there is a fair amount of climbing involved. Two full days in CT is plenty if you aren't hiking.
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You might want to stay in a different location on the Ligurian coast, with easy access to the Cinque Terre for a day trip. Maybe some place that's not very steep and has a nice beach for the children. At their age, and especially if you want to visit every "must-see" sight in Venice, Florence, and Rome, the rest of the trip might not be much fun for them.
All three cities have pleasant, tranquil spots away from the hordes, but with your limited time, in order to spend some time in these relaxing spots, you'd have to be willing to forego visiting some of the things that the hordes want to see. The Cinque Terre is usually sinking under the weight of the tourists at that time of the year. The Amalfi Coast is also very crowded, but there's more room to spread out. However, it's also a longer trip from where most of your itinerary is concentrated.
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Le Cinque Terre and most of the Italian Riviera is a bit more rustic in feeling, not any luxury shopping, and the food is all about pesto pasta and shellfish, fried anchovies and a wonderful local treat called farinata (a chickpea torte). There is a local train that runs convieniently all along the coast to make town hopping easy (including escapes on a rainy day if needed).
The Amalfi Coast offers much more in the way of posh and shopping in addition to it amazing scenery, and a lot more activity if you want to be running around to Capri one day, Ravello the next, etc. Food includes pizza, plenty of mozzerella and red saucy pasta dishes, lots of lemons and fresh fish. With small children, I would worry about motion sickness issues on bus rides, so I would pick a location that offers ferry transport.
If you are looking for an apartment stay, you will probably have more luck on the Amalfi coast than the Italian Riviera, but the latter is not impossible. If you pick the Riviera (which is generally cheaper), I would look for a town that is outside the 5 villages of le Cinque Terre and offers flat walking areas and pleasant swims for small children -- Sestri Levante and Camogli or Santa Margherita Ligure are good choices.
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Thanks for the responses so far. With 2 little ones, I am aware we may be limited and our schedule compromised. We are not aiming to see every "must see" museum, landmark, church, etc. More so want to relax, soak up the culture, eat good food, walk around, shop, etc. I am also a photographer and cant wait to shoot in each location. My kids really love the beach, so if ct/ac has a kid-friendly seaside, that would be a bonus! I would love to hike, but doubt we would with the kids.
Thanks again!!
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I would save both destinations for when the kids are older. CT is crowded and the main reason to go there is to hike. As described, the AC has some transport difficulties, and the kids are too young to enjoy visiting Pompeii. Neither has much in the way of child friendly beaches. There are thousands of picturesque areas in Italy where you could relax and enjoy stunning scenery. I just don't see why you would not avail yourself to one of those locations instead of making compromises to visit the CT or AC when it would not be ideal. Just my two cents!
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Yorkshire- I appreciate your honesty. What other picturesque areas would you recommend? As I mentioned before, this is a once in a lifetime trip so not sure when/if we will return. I did have my heart set on seeing CT or AC but would be open to other scenic locations if they make more sense for us. Thanks!
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With that in mind, you may want to go for it, but just to throw out more options in Liguria/Riviera, I was particularly fond of the Lerici-Tellaro area, though that would be better with a car (I did it without). I also loved Camogli. Both of those places offer hiking, and the trails and towns are not as overwhelmed at those of CT.
Another thought: Would grandpa (or dad) be willing to watch the kids at the beach one day so you could go to CT and actually do a hike? You just don't get those scenic vistas for photography otherwise. I actually had a miserable time at CT because of the crowds, but the photos from that day are the best from the trip!
I am just mentioning places I have been in Liguria, and I am sure others could offer ideas, or you could open it up to non-seaside locations as well.
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I also think there is nothing too daunting about the seaside with small kids if you pick someplace that isn't vertical and where the swimming areas have kid friendly shallow water and some activities.
Along the Riviera, the towns of Sestri Levante, Camogli, Levanto. For the Amalfi, you can probably make a go of it in Sorrento (although pools are more common than attractive beach areas), or the tiny town of Atrani and perhaps even Amalfi town. If just having a great time on an Italian beach is the real point, consider picturesque and historic Sperlonga, which has fairly easy logistics from Rome.
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Egyptian Football News
Al-Nasr withdraw from league match 'in solidarity' with Egyptian soldiers
Al-Nasr withdrew from their Egypt Premier League match against Arab Contractors in remembrance of the Egyptian soldiers who lost their lives in Sinai terror attacks on Wednesday.
Al-Nasr forfeited their matchday 37 league fixture against Arab Contractors, in a move the club termed as solidarity towards the 17 Egyptian soldiers' lives lost in the 'Sinai terror attack', following clashes with IS-affiliated militants on 1st July, 2015.
The boycott was led by the coach and joined to by the players. Al-Nasr had participated in the pre-match warm-ups and even commemorated the mandatory one-minute silence but didn't play the match. The referee, Nabil Mabrouk, was forced to cancel the match after Al-Nasr didn't show up in 20 minutes as FIFA dictates go.
EFA's head of competitions committee, in response to these events said Al-Nasr will be docked 3 points and will part with a fine when they next take the field. He warned of further consequences should they boycott more fixtures, "If Nasr do not play their upcoming games they'll get relegated to the lowest division plus receive one-year sporting ban."
The club through their representative assured that they will participate in the league and cup fixtures as expected.
"We forfeited out of solidarity with the Egyptians who lost their lives today," said Al-Nasr official Amr Abdel-Hak.
"We will continue participating in league and cup fixtures normally," he added.
Al-Nasr currently lie 18th on the log with 32 points and already relegated, though they appear to have struck some decent form towards the end of the season.
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Rooms, services THE LUDLOW HOTEL New York City would be glad to host you for a memorable journey in New York City. The hotel is offering a tastefully furnished room to those seeking accommodation in New York City. You may taste delicious, fresh meals in the restaurant of the hotel every day. The bar can be an ideal place for a pleasant evening talk or a meeting. The exact list of services available at THE LUDLOW HOTEL New York City (including those for an extra fee) and the exact list of equipment in a room can be found on the information sheet below.
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