text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|7 Dec 1999
|Filing date
|23 May 1997
|Priority date
|23 May 1997
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Howard E. Brandt, John M. Myers
|Original Assignee
|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Non-Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (72), Classifications (10), Legal Events (11)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention is germane to secure communication by means of photonic signals in which the quantum mechanical uncertainty principle is exploited to guarantee that legitimate users can remain confident that a cryptographic key (random bit sequence) distributed over their communication system remains secret in the presence of eavesdropping.
With a secret cryptographic key, two users can (1) make their messages to each other undecipherable by an eavesdropper by means of one-time-pad encryption, and (2) successfully distinguish legitimate messages from modified ones by means of informationally secure mathematical authentication methods. However, it is well known that for secure one-time-pad encryption the key must be (1) as long as the plain text, (2) truly random, (3) secure, and (4) never reused. Mathematical authentication methods such as Wegman-Carter authentication (N. N. Wegman and J. L. Carter, J. of Computer and Syst. Sci. 22, 265, 1981) also consume key information and do not allow re-use of the key.
One method of distributing the key is by carrying between the two users a bulk-material storage medium such as magnetic tape on which a copy of the fresh key is recorded. The two legitimate users must both have copies of the key, and the key must be continually protected from inspection, both during its transport between the two users, and during the entire time from its generation until its use for encryption or authentication and subsequent immediate destruction. Because of the severe logistic problems of key distribution and storage, mathematical techniques for key agreement over an unprotected channel are often used, however, the secrecy of the key is based on unproven assumptions such as the unlikelihood of successfully factoring very large numbers.
Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables two users to secretly share a cryptographic key when needed with provable security arising from the quantum mechanical uncertainty principle (a thoroughly tested physical law). No bulk medium such as magnetic tape is exchanged, but instead, a communication channel is employed that can transmit signals consisting of nonorthogonal quantum states, such as single-photon phase or polarization states. Such signals cannot be accurately monitored by an eavesdropper, because of the quantum mechanical uncertainty principle. Any attempt to monitor them will disturb them and can be detected by the legitimate users of the channel.
Practical methods for QKD were introduced by Bennett et. al. (IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin 28, 3153-3163, 1985; J. of Cryptology 5, 3-28, 1992). Bennett also proposed a photonic interferometric version of QKD (Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3121-3124, 1992). Other implemetations of QKD using photon phase states have been achieved by S. J. Phoenix et. al. (Contemporary Physics 36, 165-195, 1995) and R. J. Hughes et. al. (Contemporary Physics 36, 149-163, 1995). QKD using nonorthogonal photon polarization states in two different bases has been implemented by J. D. Franson et. al. (Applied Optics 33, 2949-2954, 1994).
In each of the QKD schemes, the sender and receiver also exchange information through an unprotected public channel, as part of the secure key distribution process, and also to allow determination of key distribution errors arising from possible eavesdropping and noise. If the disturbance is sufficiently small, the key can be distributed to produce with high probability a smaller amount of secure random key information.
Some related U.S. Pat. Nos. include 5,515,438 to Bennett et al; 5,243,649 to Franson; 5,307,410 to Bennett; and 5,339,182 to Kimble et al.
For the purpose of secure key generation in quantum cryptography, one can employ a train of single photons having two possible equally likely nonorthogonal polarization states |u> and |v>, which encode 0 and 1, respectively, to securely communicate a random bit sequence between a sender (Alice) and a receiver (Bob) in the presence of an eavesdropper (Eve).
Recently Ekert et al (see reference 1, which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference) presented an analysis of an entangled translucent eavesdropping scenario of key generation in quantum cryptography. The present invention uses two nonorthogonal photon polarization states. The eavesdropping is translucent in the sense that the eavesdropper Eve perturbs the polarization of the carrier on its way to Bob. The eavesdropper uses a probe that causes the carrier states to become entangled with the probe states.
For detection, Eve makes an information-maximizing von Neumann-type projective measurement, and Bob uses a positive operator valued measure (POVM). Bennett's two-state protocol (see reference 2, which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference) is employed, in which a positive response of Bob's POVM receiver, indicating the reception of a photon in a u-polarization or a v-polarization state, is publicly communicated to Eve without revealing which polarization was detected, and the corresponding bits then constitute the preliminary key secretly shared by Alice and Bob. Bits corresponding to photons that do not excite the u- or v-polarization state detectors are excluded from the key. Because of the noncommutativity of nonorthogonal photon polarization-measurement operators representing nonorthogonal photon polarization states, and also because arbitrary quantum states cannot be cloned (see references 3 and 4), any attempt by Eve to eavesdrop can in principle be detected by Bob and Alice.
The present invention is a new design for the POVM receiver to be used by Bob. It is the first implementation of a POVM in quantum cryptography. The design is totally optical. Because it is also interferometric, it demands precise phase alignment; however, it faithfully represents the perturbed statistics resulting from entangled translucent eavesdropping. Additional analysis pertaining to the device appears in Myers et al (see reference 5).
It is an object of the present invention to provide a positive-operator-valued measure receiver for use in, for example, quantum cryptography.
This and other objects of the invention are achieved by a positive-operator-valued-measure receiver, comprising a Wollaston prism for receiving a photon having a polarization state |ψ> given by |ψ> =α|u>+β|v>, where α and β are arbitrary real constants and the polarization of state |u> makes an angle θ with that of state |v>; wherein the photon exits the Wollaston prism in a state |ψ1 >=2-1/2 (α+β)(1+cos θ)1/2 |eu+v > for the path between the Wollaston prism and a first beam splitter, and a state |ψ2 >=2-1/2 (α-β>1-cos θ)1/2 |eu-v > for the path between the Wollaston prism and a mirror, where |eu+v >and |eu-v > denote unit kets corresponding to polarization vectors eu+v and eu-v, respectively; the first beam splitter for receiving the photon in the state |ψ1 > and having a reflection coefficient of tan2 (θ/2); wherein the photon exits the first beam splitter in a transmitted state of |ψ3 (α+β)(cos θ)1/2 |eu+v > corresponding to the path between the first beam splitter and a first photodetector, and a reflected state of |ψ4 >=i2-1/2 (α+β)(1-cos θ)1/2 |eu+v > corresponding to the path between the first beam splitter and a second beam splitter; the first photodetector for detecting the photon in the state |ψ3 > corresponding to an inconclusive event; the mirror for receiving the photon in the state |ψ2 > and reflecting the photon therefrom; a ninety degree polarization rotator for receiving the photon reflected from the mirror and rotating the photon polarization to a state |ψ5 >=-21/2 (α-β)(1-cos θ)1/2 |eu+v >; the second beam splitter having a reflection coefficient of 0.5; the second beam splitter for receiving a photon in the state |ψ4 > from the first beam splitter and the state |ψ5 > from the ninety degree polarization rotator wherein both optical path lengths from the Wollaston prism to the second beamsplitter are equal; and wherein the photon exits the second beam splitter in a state |ψ6 >=-α(1-cos θ)1/2 |eu+v > corresponding to the path between the second beam splitter and a second photodetector, and a state |ψ7 >=iβ(1-cos θ)1/2 |eu+v > corresponding to the path between the second beam splitter and a third photodetector; and the second and third photodetectors for detecting photons in the states |ψ6 > corresponding to an incident u-polarized photon and |ψ7 > corresponding to an incident v-polarized photon, respectively.
Further objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawing.
FIG. 1 schematically shows the POVM receiver of the present invention.
The positive-operator-valued measure (see references 7-14), also known as the probability operator valued measure, is finding increasing use in quantum cryptography. In the work of Ekert et al (reference 1) on entangled translucent eavesdropping, the following set of POVM operators represents the possible measurements performed by Bob's receiver:
A.sub.u =(1+<u|v>) ).sup.- 1(1-|v><v|), (1)
A.sub.u =(1+(u|v>).sup.-1 (1-|u>(u|), (2)
A.sub.? =1-A.sub.u -A.sub.v. (3)
Here kets |u> and |v> represent the two possible nonorthogonal normalized polarization states of the carrier, with polarizations designated by u and v, respectively. The angle between the corresponding polarization vectors is θ, from which it follows (from the spin-1 behavior of the photon under the rotation group) that the overlap between the two states is
<u|v>=cos θ. (4)
The state |u> encodes bit value 0, and the state |v> encodes bit value 1. The POVM operators, Eqs. (1) to (3), are positive, and their sum is unity. They are appropriate for realizing Bennett's two-state protocol because
<u|A.sub.u |v>=0, (5)
<u|A.sub.v |u>=0. (6)
Therefore, when an ideal detector representing the operator Au responds positively, it follows that a photon with a v-polarization state cannot have been received. Likewise, when an ideal detector representing the operator Au responds, a photon with a u-polarization state cannot have been received. The operator A? represents inconclusive responses of Bob's receiver. A u-polarized photon can result in a nonzero expectation value (and the associated response) only for the detectors representing Au or A? operators. A v-polarized photon excites only the Av or A? detectors. The advantage of the POVM over the von Neumann type of projective measurement2 is that for the POVM, the probability of getting an inconclusive result is lower.1
For an arbitrary polarization state |ψ) of a photon, given by
|ψ>=α|u>+β|v>, (7)
where α and β are arbitrary real constants, the expectation values of the POVM operators become
<|A.sub.u |ψ)>=α.sup.2 (1-cos θ),(8)
<ψ|A.sub.v |ψ>=β.sup.2 (1-cos θ), (9)
<ψ|A.sub.? |ψ>=(α+β).sup.2 cos θ.(10)
For the case of a transmitted state |u> in the two-state protocol, in the absence of perturbations, one has (α,β)=(1,0) in Eq. (7), and Eqs. (8) to (10) become
<u|A.sub.u |u>=(1-cos θ), (11)
<u|A.sub.v |u>=0, (12)
<u|A.sub.? |u>=cos θ, (13)
consistent with Eq. (6). Alternatively, if (α,β)=(0,1), then
<v|A.sub.u |v>=0, (14)
<v|A.sub.v |v>=(1-cos θ), (15)
<v|A.sub.? |v>=cos θ), (16)
consistent with Eq. (5). Either alternative is equally likely in the unperturbed two-state protocol. Although the POVM measurement scheme in quantum cryptography has been described mathematically in the literature, no concrete physical model has been provided. The present invention is a physical realization for the POVM receiver.
The circuit design for the POVM receiver 10 of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. It is an all-optical device. The straight lines with arrows represent possible optical pathways for a photon to move through the device 10. The path labeled |ψ> is the incoming path for a photon represented by the arbitrary polarization state given by Eq. (7). Reference numerals 22, 24 and 26 designate photodetectors Du, Dv, and D?, respectively, which represent the measurement operators Au, Av, and A?, respectively. Shown also is a Wollaston prism 28, which is aligned so that an incident photon with polarization vector eu+v would take the path labeled by the state |ψ1 > and eu+v, and not the path labeled by polarization vector eu-v and |ψ2 >. Here eu+v denotes a unit polarization vector corresponding to polarization state |u+v>=|u>+|v>, and is perpendicular to the unit polarization vector eu-v corresponding to the polarization state |u-v>=|u>-|v>. The states |u+v> and |u-v> are orthogonal, and one has
<u+v|u-v>=0, e.sub.u+v e.sub.u-v =0. (17)
The device 10 also has two beam splitters designated by 30 and 32 in FIG. 1. Beam splitter 32 is a 50/50 beam splitter for a photon entering either of its entrance ports. The device 10 is clearly interferometric. Also shown in FIG. 1 is a 90� polarization rotator designated by 34, which transforms a photon with polarization vector eu-v into one with polarization vector -eu+v. Also shown in FIG. 1 is a single mirror 36.
It follows from the geometry of FIG. 1 and the projective property of polarized photon states, Eq. (4), that the state of a photon taking the path designated by the state |ψ1) is given by ##EQU1## where |eu+v > represents a unit ket corresponding to polarization vector eu+v. Also in Eq. (18), the Dirac bracket, appearing as an overall factor of the unit ket, is the probability amplitude that a photon takes the path under consideration. Analogously, one has ##EQU2## where |eu-v> represents a unit ket corresponding to polarization vector eu-v. Expanding Eqs. (18) and (19), using Eq. (4), we obtain
|ψ.sub.1)=2.sup.-1/2 (α+β)(1+cos θ).sup.1/2 |e.sub.u+v) (20)
|ψ.sub.2 >=2.sup.-1/2 (α-β)(1-cos θ).sup.1/2 |e.sub.u-v >. (21)
The detectors 22, 24 and 26 are treated here as ideal. We require
<ψ.sub.6 |ψ.sub.6 >=<ψ|A.sub.u |ψ>, (22)
in order that the expectation value of Au, measured by the detector 22 in FIG. 1, equal the probability <ψ6 |ψ6 > that a photon is incident on it. This makes the POVM effectively a probability operator valued measure. Analogously, we require
<ψ.sub.7 |ψ.sub.7 >=<ψ|A.sub.v |ψ> (23)
for the detector 24, and
<ψ.sub.3 |ψ.sub.3 >=<ψ|A.sub.→ |ψ> (24)
for the detector 26. Substituting Eq. (10) in Eq. (24), we obtain
<ψ.sub.3 |ψ.sub.3 >=(α+β).sup.2 cos θ, (25)
and therefore
|ψ.sub.3 >=(α+β)(cos θ).sup.1/2 |e.sub.u+v >. (26)
It can be shown, using the methods of Ref. 5, that one can effectively ignore the unused vacuum port of beam splitter 30, in complete agreement with physical intuition. From FIG. 1 one sees that in order for the state |ψ3 > of a photon to result from a photon in state |ψ1 > hitting the beam splitter 30, the transmission coefficient T1 of beam splitter 30 must be given by ##EQU3## and therefore substituting Eqs. (25) and (20) in Eq. (27), one obtains
T.sub.1 =1-tan.sup.2 (θ/2), tm (28)
independent of α and β. The corresponding reflection coefficient becomes
R.sub.1 =tan.sup.2 (θ/2), (29)
and from FIG. 1 one sees that
<ψ.sub.4 |ψ.sub.4 >=R.sub.1 ψ.sub.1 |ψ.sub.1 >. (30)
Substituting Eqs. (29) and (20) in Eq. (30), one obtains ##EQU4##
Next, taking account of the reflection at beam splitter 30 that introduces a factor of i, it therefore follows that
|ψ.sub.4 >=i2.sup.-1/2 (α+β)(1-cos θ).sup.1/2 |e.sub.u+v >. (32)
Also one sees from the geometry of FIG. 1, together with Eq. (21), that, because of the polarization rotator 34, which effectively converts polarization in the direction eu-v into that in the direction -eu+v, one has
|ψ.sub.5 >=-2.sup.-1/2 (α-β)(1-cos θ).sup.1/2 |e.sub.u+v >. (33)
Next, from FIG. 1, one sees that because of beam splitter 32, states |ψ4 > and |ψ5 > combine and interfere to produce states |ψ6) and |ψ7), In particular, because beam splitter 32 is a 50/50 beam splitter with reflection coefficient
R.sub.2 =1/2 (34)
and transmission coefficient
T.sub.2 =1/2 (35)
for both entrance paths, one has
|ψ.sub.6 >=2.sup.-1/2 |ψ.sub.5 >+i2.sup.-1/2 |ψ.sub.4 > (36)
|ψ.sub.7 >=2.sup.-1/2 |ψ.sub.4 >+i2.sup.-1/2 |ψ.sub.5 >. (37)
The implementation of the interferometric Eqs. (36) and (37) demands precise phase alignment in the interferometric circuit of FIG. 1. Next, substituting Eqs. (32) and (33) in Eqs. (36) and (37), one obtains
|ψ.sub.6 >=-α(1-cos θ).sup.1/2 |e.sub.u+v > (38)
|ψ.sub.7 >=iβ(1-cos θ).sup.1/2 |e.sub.u+v >. (39)
From Eq. (38), it follows that
<ψ.sub.6 |ψ.sub.6 >=α.sup.2 (1-cos θ), (40)
and comparing Eq. (40) with Eq. (8), one sees that
<ψ.sub.6 |ψ.sub.6 >=<ψ|A.sub.u |ψ>, (41)
again consistent with FIG. 1 and the requirements for the POVM. Also from Eq. (39), it follows that
<ψ.sub.7 |ψ.sub.7 >=β.sup.2 (1-cos θ),(42)
and comparing Eq. (42) with Eq. (9), one sees that
<ψ.sub.7 |ψ.sub.7 >=<ψ|A.sub.v |ψ>, (43)
again consistent with FIG. 1. Furthermore, using Eqs. (25), (40), (42), (4), and (7), one concludes that
<ψ.sub.3 |ψ.sub.3 >+<ψ.sub.6 |ψ.sub.6 >+<ψ.sub.7 |ψ.sub.7 >=(ψ|ψ>, (44)
or equivalently,
|ψ.sub.3 |.sup.2 +|ψ.sub.6 |.sup.2 +|ψ.sub.7 |.sup.2 =|ψ|.sup.2, (45)
as required to conserve probability. Equations (24), (41), (43), and (45) are just the probabilistic properties one would expect of a POVM acting as a probability operator valued measure.
In conclusion, the POVM receiver 10 of FIG. 1 satisfies the appropriate statistics. Also, both beam-splitter transmission coefficients have the desirable feature that they do not depend on the coefficients α and β associated with an arbitrary incoming polarization state, and therefore the device can also faithfully represent the perturbed statistics arising from entangled translucent eavesdropping.
In this work, we have presented a new design for a receiver that is an all-optical realization of a POVM for use in quantum cryptography. The device, depicted in FIG. 1, interferometrically implements the statistics of all three POVM operators.
While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, numerous changes, alterations and modifications to the described embodiments are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, and equivalents thereof.
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2. C. H. Bennett, "Quantum Cryptography Using Any Two Nonorthogonal States," Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3121 (1992).
3. W. K. Wooters and W. H. Zurek, "A Single Quantum Cannot be Cloned,"Nature (London) 299, 802 (1982).
4. D. Dieks, "Communication by EPR Devices," Phys. Lett. 92A, 271 (1982).
5. J. M. Myers and H. E. Brandt, "Converting a Positive Operator-Valued Measure to a Design for a Measuring Instrument on the Laboratory Bench," submitted to Meas. Sci. Technol.(1997).
6. U. M. Maurer, "Secret Key Agreement by Public Discussion from Common Information," IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 39, 733 (1993).
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8. C. W. Helstrom, Quantum Detection and Estimation Theory, Academic Press, N.Y. (1976).
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10. E. B. Davies and J. T. Lewis, "An Operational Approach to Quantum Probability," Commun. Math. Phys. 17, 239 (1970).
11. E. B. Davies, Quantum Theory of Open Systems, Academic, N.Y. (1976).
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13. P. Busch, P. J. Lahti, and P. Mittelstaedt, The Quantum Theory of Measurement, 2nd Ed., Springer, Berlin (1996).
14. P. Busch, M. Grabowski, and P. J. Lahti, Operational Quantum Physics, Springer (1995).
15. H. E. Brandt, J. M. Myers, and S. J. Lomonaco, Jr., "Entangled Translucent Eavesdropping in Quantum Cryptography," talk presented at OSA Symposium on Quantum Computing, Memory, and Communication, abstract published in Program, OSA Annual Meeting, Oct. 20-24, 1996, Rochester, N.Y., Optical Society of America (1996). 16. H. E. Brandt, "ARL Research on Quantum Information and Computation (Samples)," talk presented at The Quantum Information and Computing (QUIC) Workshop, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif., Nov. 13, 1996.
17. H. E. Brandt, "POVM Receivers for Quantum Cryptography," talk presented at Joint April Meeting of the American Physical Society and the American Association of Physics Teachers, Washington D.C., Apr. 18-21, 1997, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. (1997).
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|14 Dec 2006
|General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Inc
|Apparatus and method for all-optical encryption and decryption of an optical signal
|16 Jun 2006
|18 Jan 2007
|Harrison Keith A
|Method and device using one-time pad data
|16 Jun 2006
|1 Feb 2007
|Harrison Keith A
|Quantum key distribution apparatus & method
|19 Jul 2006
|29 Mar 2007
|Harrison Keith A
|Method of operating a one-time pad system and a system for implementing this method
|19 Sep 2006
|3 May 2007
|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
|Method and system using one-time pad data to evidence the possession of a particular attribute
|6 Dec 2005
|7 Jun 2007
|Elliott Brig B
|Series encryption in a quantum cryptographic system
|14 Dec 2005
|14 Jun 2007
|Elliott Brig B
|Quantum cryptography on a multi-drop optical network
|17 Jul 2006
|2 Aug 2007
|Martin Sadler
|Device with n-time pad and a method of managing such a pad
|12 Jan 2007
|2 Aug 2007
|Magiq Technologies, Inc.
|Quantum secret splitting based on non-orthogonal multi-particle states
|9 Jan 2006
|16 Aug 2007
|Gregory Troxel
|Pedigrees for quantum cryptography
|21 Jul 2006
|7 Feb 2008
|Keith Alexander Harrison
|Device with multiple one-time pads and method of managing such a device
|29 Mar 2007
|2 Oct 2008
|Brandt Howard E
|Alternative Design for Quantum Cryptographic Entangling Probe
|30 Sep 2008
|30 Apr 2009
|Keith Harrison
|Error detection method and apparatus
|26 Sep 2005
|9 Jul 2009
|Brandt Howard E
|Systems and methods for obtaining information on a key in BB84 protocol of quantum key distribution
|20 May 2009
|17 Dec 2009
|Joanna Duligall
|QKD System Alignment
|21 Jun 2010
|14 Oct 2010
|U.S. Government As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army
|Method and system for lidar using quantum properties
|5 Apr 2002
|17 Oct 2002
|Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit�t M�nchen
|Device and method for use in quantum cryptography
|5 Apr 2002
|25 Sep 2003
|Christian Kurtsiefer
|Device and method for use in quantum cryptography
|10 Apr 2002
|24 Oct 2002
|Magiq Technologies, Inc.
|Polarization to phase converter
|10 Apr 2002
|10 Apr 2003
|Magiq Technologies Inc
|Polarization to phase converter
|30 Apr 2002
|7 Nov 2002
|Magiq Technologies, Inc.
|Quantum key system and method
|14 Oct 2008
|7 May 2009
|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
|Quantum key distribution system using ldpc codes with a graph having a toroid structure
|20 Jan 2010
|2 Sep 2010
|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
|Authentication method and apparatus using one time pads
|U.S. Classification
|398/212, 380/256, 380/283, 398/183
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|4 Oct 1999
Owner name: ARMY, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AS REPRESENTED BY T
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BRANDT, HOWARD E.;MYERS, JOH M.;REEL/FRAME:010284/0976;SIGNING DATES FROM 19970331 TO 19970509
|19 Sep 2000
|Certificate of correction
|26 Jun 2003
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|14 Jul 2003
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|14 Jul 2003
|Surcharge for late payment
|20 Jun 2007
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|10 Oct 2007
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|10 Oct 2007
|Surcharge for late payment
Year of fee payment: 7
|11 Jul 2011
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|7 Dec 2011
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|24 Jan 2012
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20111207


text:
Self Catering in Yorkshire - Hornsea
Areas: Yorkshire Coast
Sleeps a maximum of: 4
Pricing From: £226.00 - 597.00
This end-terrace cottage is located in the seaside town of Hornsea and can sleep four people in two bedrooms.
Milton Cottage is an end-terrace, whitewashed cottage in the Yorkshire seaside resort town of Hornsea. The cottage sleeps four people and has one double bedroom, one twin and a family bathroom. On the ground floor is a kitchen and a sitting room with a dining area and an electric fire. Outside is off road parking for one car and an enclosed patio with outdoor furniture. With just a short walk to the town and the beach, Milton Cottage is a lovely holiday home for a family break by the sea.
The cottage was immaculate and had everything we needed and more. Milton Cottage was ideally positioned for local amenities and was a great location for visiting the North Yorkshire Coast. Highly recommended!!!
Miss Cook
Milton Cottage is a cosy and well presented property in a central location.
Mr Swinn
Milton Cottage is a fantastic holiday home. The cottage is nicely furnished with everything that you could want for a week's holiday. It is a very homely cottage and is situated close to the town.
Mrs Hughes
The enclosed garden at Milton Cottage, made mornings and evenings easy with two dogs.
Mr Wools
Milton Cottage is located in an ideal place for all amenities, with lots of interesting places to visit.
Mr Fairgrieve
Services / Facilities:
Gas central heating with electric fire. Electric oven, ceramic hob, microwave, fridge/freezer, washing machine, dishwasher, TV with Freeview, DVD, selection of books, games and DVDs. Fuel and power inc. in rent. Bed linen and towels inc. in rent. Travel cot, highchair and stairgate on request. Off road parking for 1 car. Enclosed rear garden and patio with furniture. One well-behaved dog welcome. Sorry, no smoking. Shop and pub 5 mins walk. Beach 15 mins walk. Note: The parking space is quite narrow (5m x 2.6m).
Changeover Day
Double Beds: 1
Twin Beds: 1
Further Amenities:
Linen provided
Towels provided
Washing Machine
High Chair
Get an Ordnance Survey map covering the Hornsea area.
Nearest AttractionsHeritage Rated from 1- 5 (low-exceptional) on historic interest
Hornsea Museum - 0.2 miles (Museum)
Goxhill, St Giles Church - 1.6 miles (Historic Church)
Mappleton, All Saints Church - 2.7 miles (Historic Church)
Sigglesthorne, St Lawrence Church - 3.1 miles (Historic Church)
Catwick, St Michael's Church - 4.6 miles (Historic Church)
Brandesburton, St Mary's Church - 5.1 miles (Historic Church)
Skipsea, All Saints Church - 5.2 miles (Historic Church)
Skirlaugh, St Augustine's Church - 6.1 miles (Historic Church)
Burton Constable Hall - 6.6 miles (Historic House)
Skipsea Castle - 7.7 miles (Castle)
Nearest Alternative Cottages
Hornsea, Yorkshire
Sleeps: 4
Stay from: £246.00 - 587.00
Hornsea, Yorkshire
Sleeps: 4
Stay from: £254.00 - 682.00
Hornsea, Yorkshire
Sleeps: 6
Stay from: £254.00 - 818.00
Details of facilities are believed correct at time of publication, but may be subject to change by the cottage proprietor. Up-to-the-minute facility listings will be always presented during the booking process for your approval.
UK Self Catering
England - Scotland - Wales
Popular Locations
Devon - Cornwall - Lake District - Highlands - North Wales - South West Wales

subset: commoncrawl


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Feelings Reunites Philadelphia Grand Jury (Sort Of) For New Album 'Be Kind, Unwind'
Written by Sarah Bella on 4th September, 2013
Featured Articles
Dashboard Confessional Announce First Album In Eight Years, Drop First Single 'We Fight' ...more
Watch Dave Grohl Rip Through 'Paradise City' With Guns 'N' Roses Live On Stage ...more
Linkin Park Announce New Live Album Featuring Chester Bennington's Last Performances ...more
Gig Reviews
At The Drive-In, Le Butcherettes, Hordern Pavilion, Sydney – 01/10/2017 ...more
Body Count, A.B. Original, Void Of Vision, Margaret Court Arena, Melbourne – 02/06/2017 ...more
Laneway Festival 2017, Brisbane Showgrounds, Brisbane – 26/01/2017 ...more
If you've been missing Philadelphia Grand Jury since the outfit announced their hiatus back in 2011, we've got good news for you – Philly Jays original members Simon "Berkfinger" Berckelman, Joel Beeson and Dan Williams have reunited under the name Feelings and are set to drop a brand-new album this October.
Berkfinger has been touring and releasing tunes solo under the Feelings moniker for a while now, but for this debut album of sorts, it's definitely a three-way effort. The record is entitled Be Kind, Unwind and is proceeded by lead single New York Summer (below), an ode to love gone bad, which is available to purchase this Friday, 6th September.
Be Kind, Unwind will see collaborations with members of other local favourites Dappled Cities and I Heart Hiroshima and generally promises that Feelings will fill the gap the Philly Jays left in our hearts two years ago. It hits a record store near you on Friday, 25th October via Create/Control.
Listen: Feelings – New York Summer


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English for Kids
Helen Doron students have fun and learn English - all at the same time.Learn Why
Try Us Out
We invite you to a FREE Demo Lesson.Find a Learning Centre
From Infants to Teens
We prepare young learners from 3 months to 19 years for a future of success.Find a Learning Centre
Helen Doron English Mersin featured on Sabah Keyfi programmeFebruary 28th, 2016 by Helen Doron English
Helen Doron Ltd. offers the only international English-enriched kindergarten & English Learning Centre in Mersin, the Turkish "Pearl of the Mediterranean".
The city is situated on the south coast of Turkey, has over 1M inhabitants and was the host of the 2013 Mediterranean Games.
Mersin was highlighted on the popular TV programme, Morning Joy (Sabah Keyfi). Caglar Ince, early child education expert and local owner, and Esra Naz Ozel, school psychologist, discuss the Helen Doron method and future projects in Mersin, Turkey.


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Description: Fake news / Urban legend
Circulating since: April 2014
Status: False (details below)

Example:
Via DailyBuzzLive.com, April 13, 2014:

McDonald's Uses Worm Meat Fillers But Can Legally Call It 100% Beef. Large companies have been the subject of rumors that they substitute unusual or unethical substances in their products, usually to decrease costs. McDonald's is not immune to such claims. McDonald's has been accused of using everything from worms to cow eyeballs in its burgers. Dating far back to at least 1978, there have been rumors that McDonald's restaurants use earthworms in their hamburgers.

The fact that McDonald's uses cow eyeballs and worm fillers does not stop them from legally using the claim that they served 100% beef. McDonald's has assured its consumers that its product contains 100% beef. They are allowed to do this because McDonald's buys their "beef" from a company called "100% Beef Company", making it possible for McDonald's to call beef byproducts and soy products "100% beef".

- Full Text -

Analysis:  Here's a recipe for bad satire: Take some old fast food urban legends, add a few sentences copied and pasted from a Wikipedia article, post a borrowed image of ground beef mixed with morsels of butter that look like white worms, and garnish with lame jokes. Guaranteed to go viral!

The perpetrator of this unoriginal hoax is a (now defunct) fake news website called Daily Buzz Live. Recent Daily Buzz headlines include: "Dogs Getting High on Medical Marijuana in Colorado Is On the Rise," "Energy Drinks Contain Ingredient Extracted From Bull Urine And Semen," and "Apple Maps Finds Lock [sic] Ness Monster."

Reliable source? Clearly not.

As noted in the above-mentioned Wikipedia article, the "worms as filler" urban legend has been around since the late 1970s. According to folklorist Gary Alan Fine, the earliest version named Wendy's as the burger chain guilty of substituting earthworms for real meat. "However, the target of the stories soon changed to McDonald's, the largest fast food franchiser in America," Fine wrote in Manufacturing Tales: Sex and Money in Contemporary Legends (Univ. of Tennessee Press, 1992). "The frequency of attachment of an urban legend to the largest company or corporation is so common as to be considered a law of urban folklore."

McDonald's has long claimed that it uses "only 100% USDA-inspected beef," and lists its suppliers on its company websites. A supplier called "100% Beef Company" is not among them. In fact, no such company exists. "There are no preservatives, no fillers, no extenders and no so-called 'pink slime' in our beef," McDonald's further states. "The only thing added to our burgers is a bit of salt and pepper during grilling."

As I've pointed out before, worms cost way more than ground beef, anyway. The same goes for beef byproducts like cow eyeballs. Any meat byproducts used in McDonald's burgers would have to be listed as such among the ingredients, per USDA regulations.

Fast food horrors:
• The McPus Sandwich
• Taco Bell Meat Rated "Grade D, Not for Human Consumption"
• Woman Finds Chicken Head in Box of McDonald's Wings
• Worker Puts HIV+ Blood in Ketchup Dispenser

Sources and further reading:

McDonald's Uses Worm Meat Fillers But Can Legally Call It 100% Beef
Daily Buzz Live (satire website), 13 April 2014

McDonald's FAQ: Are Your Burgers Made Using Real Beef?
McDonald's website, April 2014

McDonald's Urban Legends
Wikipedia, 12 February 2014

Last updated 04/25/15


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Sorry for being MIA for the a few weeks. As usual, crazy schedule is my alibi and probably lack of exercise, thus the lack of energy to do everything. I know it would be impossible to accomplish everything in my list but I'm going to try my best because the house really looks pathetic. It has to look somehow appealing for 2013. I placed the list on my sidebar just to help me remind myself of the tasks to do.
Anyway, just wanted to show some little home improvement we've done for the past months (ever since I started this blog.)
First, is our living area. The walls were re-painted and all the ugly chocolate brown "baseboard" that was oh-so-80s were painted white as well. And since we have that unusual (and downright ugly) half-wall protrusion, I had the center covered up so that there will be alcoves on either side.
Now, it looks clean (and bare). I'm still trying to decide what to do with those alcoves since they are irregular in shape, not the perfect book case type. And, notice those brown stains at the bottom? It's one of the many things I hate about this house. I think that is rust coming from the concrete wall. Same thing is happening to the rest of the house walls. This house really needs major overhaul!
Here is the messy dining room before…
… and now the repainted one. The best we could do with teeny budget after the flood damaged the walls.
Since I badly needed storage for all the clutter we have, a built in shelf was made.
I am planning to make a built-in cushioned seat out of that (another!) wall protrusion so I could get rid of those monoblocks. I also want to build a longer dining table out of reclaimed wood. Hopefully next year. So much to do to make this house quite picture-worthy. Haha!
And lastly, here's the wall that was severely damaged during the flood. You can't see it here but the top corner was about to fall any minute so we had to change some of the wooden frames under the ceiling. There were water bubbles under the paint (yes, bubbles with water, brown and icky!) so the paint had to be peeled. And again, there were rust stains showing through the white paint.
Here's the wall now.
The rust stains keep on showing despite layers of paints (see bottom left of the door). I keep on trying to make this house better but it just keeps on messing itself up. Yes, it's the house that doing all the mess, not us since this is an old, crumbling house. This is not out permanent house and so we just can't do major improvements (we better save the money for our "forever home" as Mommy G. calls it.) It's a bit frustrating and challenging at the same time because the budget will always come first.
I hate the floor too. It's dirty and corroding. No matter how much we mop and vacuum it, it's always sandy. I wanted to have it tiled but again, it will cost us a lot for something that is not ours…
So there, I just hope I can have powers to turn this house into something I can love… 🙂


text:
BUS 250 Week 2 DQ 1
This file of BUS 250 Week 2 Discussion Question 1 includes:
Ethical Leadership
In one paragraph, supported by evidence in your text and from other research, defend whether you believe there is a connection between ethical leadership and a person's belief system and/or values. Be specific and provide examples for your classmates' to respond to. Respond to at least two of your classmates' postings
$5.19ANSWERTutor has posted answer for $5.19. See answer's preview
*** *** **** 2 DQ *Click here to download attached files:
BUS 250 Week 2 DQ1.zip


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All I Want For Christmas …
Much of Christmas is about what we want, from the Mariah Carey "All I Want for Christmas ....", through children's letter's to Santa, to men with their Christmas socks. It is usually about "All I want for Christmas". But maybe it should really be about what we need for Christmas. We all need to know that we are valued and important and loved. God knows this and therefore he sent his son to show us that "All we need for Christmas" is to know God loves us. God so loved the world he sent his son, good news for all people. If we were to ask Jesus what does he want for Christmas he might quote Mariah Carey song from Love Actually: "I don't want a lot for Christmas, there is one thing I need, I don't care about the presents underneath the Christmas tree. I just want you for my own, more than you could ever know. Make my wish come true, all I want for Christmas is you, and you, and you ......". Jesus wants us to say thank you ad that we love him, and want to know him more.
Download FilesMP3
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text:
106 Lincoln Ave SE, St Cloud, MN 56304
|2006 Chrysler Town & Country Touring VIN: 2A4GP54L26R704091
|Blue / Gray
Phone : (320) 230-9898
106 Lincoln Ave SE , St Cloud, MN 56304
Do want a great deal on a good van! Local trade will sell to first good reasonable offer! This is Smart Priced to sell fast! Be Car Smart! CarSmartMn.com
At Car Smart of St Cloud, we are here to make purchasing your vehicle as easy as possible. We partnered with some of the leading financing institutions and Credit Unions to make it easier for you to get used car financing in St Cloud.
Please, apply directly with the following institutions.
Of course, if you need further help, do not hesitate to contact us and we will do everything we can to get you approved.


text:
Posted 21 Mar 2016
Link to this post
Small issue with custom formatting. Most of the ones I've tried work, but have a requirement to present a number in K dollars (ie divided by 1000). Easy way in excel is to use a custom format like this:
which would display 60,000 as 60.000 K.
However in radSpreadsheet it shows the value as 60,000.000 K, getting part of the customization right, but not the movement of the decimal.
Posted 24 Mar 2016
Link to this post
Posted 25 Mar 2016
Link to this post


text:
At Upward Christian Fellowship there is a place for everyone to serve, whether its guest services, students, or the worship team. We believe that we are all part of one body and need each other working together in order to see true kingdom advancement. We ask all who are ready to get involved in ministry to start by attending the Upward Journey class where they will find their place to plug in.
To register for an upcoming Upward Journey Class please click HERE and fill out the form.


text:
Location: United States
Member Since: January 2012
Open for read requests: Yes
Profile Information
Hey everyone! My name is Bobbi. I'm 20 years old and currently in college studying to be a teacher. I'm relatively new here on Booksie and had no intention of writing my own story but all of you inspired me to start my own. Erotica is generally the genre that I stick around. If you would like me to check out one of your stories I would be more than willing to! (Keep in mind I'm a total hard-ass on grammar; a couple typos never killed anybody, though!)
This is where you can leave a short message for the writer. All Quickees are public. To leave a private message, use the private.
If you want to write a quickee (a remark or a hint for example) on this writer's profile, please sign in.


text:
- Coal Miner
- Join Date: 4/9/2011
- Posts: 134
- Member Details
I have had my account for months, but now my neighbor wants to play with me. We are trying to buy his account yet it won't work. We have tried 3 different credit cards and none of them work. Can someone help us with this and/or give us a step-by-step guide?


text:
Rapid Photo Downloader is an application for professional and amateur photographers, designed for use on the Linux desktop. It can download photos and videos from multiple cameras, memory cards, and portable storage devices simultaneously. It provides many flexible, user-defined options for subfolder creation, photo and video renaming, and backup.
Roundcube Webmail is a browser-based, multilingual IMAP client with an application-like user interface. It provides the full functionality you expect from an email client, including MIME support, address book, and folder manipulation. High extensibility is granted by the plugin API and the user interface is fully skinnable using XHTML and CSS 2.
Seo Panel is a complete control panel for managing search engine optimization of your Web sites. It contains many SEO tools to increase and track the performance of your Web sites. It lets you develop your own plugins for the panel. It includes an automatic directory submission tool, Site Auditor with a sitemap generator, a keyword position checker, a meta tag generator, Google and Alexa rank checkers, a backlink checker, a proxy server feature, multi-language support, and the ability to schedule, send, export, and print reports.
TYPOlight is a content management system (CMS) for people who want a professional Internet presence that is easy to maintain. The state-of-the-art structure of the system offers a high security standard and allows you to develop search engine friendly Web sites that are also accessible for people with disabilities. Furthermore, the system can be expanded flexibly and inexpensively. It features easy management of user rights, a Live Update Service, a modern CSS framework, and many already integrated modules (news, calendar, forms, etc.).
The shock bundle is an extensive Web design bundle that offers 100 WordPress themes and templates, Web element sets, characters sets, 500 logo templates, and up to 20000 icons. The templates offer multiple color schemes and are fully customizable. All themes and graphics sets include layered sources.
WordPress FAQ is a cool plugin for creating your FAQ section . It has a lot of parameters to set, and it will allow you set your own theme from scratch. It has a user-friendly front-end and back-end interface, allowing you to set all parameters quickly and easily. FAQs have SEO-friendly URLs.
A server operating system with an integrated identity and infrastructure management system.
An MVC Web framework based on Node.js, Express, and Teddy.


text:
CodePlexProject Hosting for Open Source Software
Is it possible to create a live streaming plugin for world of warcraft? Such as a plugin which will be able to stream shoutcast/icecast streams in-game? Was looking at doing this for a radio I'm involved with, but I, myself am not a WoW player, so am unsure
of its capabilities - I do however know Lua, anyone able to shed more light on this for me?
-Phil Eurton
As far as I'm aware Phil, this is not possible with the many restrictions Blizzard has in place to prevent the game speaking to the outside world. For example, in game links will only work if they point to the wow-europe.com server.
Are you sure you want to delete this post? You will not be able to recover it later.
Are you sure you want to delete this thread? You will not be able to recover it later.


text:
Currently 3.50/512345 Rating: 3.5/5 (Total votes: 2)
Rating: 3.5/5 (Total votes: 2)
Originally developed by PSP dev Cabeza a while back the project was recently picked up by developer Niko.A As the title says this app lets you stream music to t he PSP.A So if you need to get your music fix then check out PSPRadio v 1.19.7 and check out lots and lots of radio stations from all over the world.
Features and Bugs
(raf) Core: Updated visualizer plugin interface to level 2. Cleaned-up, reorganized fields, and added gu support. (Also added exclusive mode, and song information to plugin).
(raf) TextUI3D: Added wait for VBlank before page flipping, this eliminates tearing; but reduces framerate because the render thread also waits for vblank; need to optimize.
(raf) TextUI3D: Added complete support for visualizers (just like TextUI).
(raf) Core: Using Alexander Berl (a.k.a. Raphael) routines for VRAM allocation.
(raf) VIS: Added a cube visualizer, displays a scope on every side.
(raf) VIS: Interface changed. Now plugin gets notified when song starts/stops/pauses. Also, now the plugin can request song information.
(raf) VIS: Visualizers can now run in exclusive mode. Added support to TextUI and TextUI3D, and sample code to the repository.
(raf) Core: Updated config file so the default directory for localfiles is ms0:/MUSIC now instead of ms0:/PSP/MUSIC
(raf) Core: Fixed an old bug where if a song had no metadata (like an old MP3 without ID3 info), the metadata would be populated from the currently highlighted song.
(raf) TextUI: Fixed crash that could be caused if switching screens (START) while starting a plugin (specially a visualizer).
(raf) TextUI: Don't go to fullscreen if no visualizer loaded.
(raf) TextUI3D: Don't go to fullscreen if no visualizer loaded.
(raf) Core: PSPApp/PSPApp_Network.cpp: Fixed wifi profile enumeration. This has been broken since day one, causing wifi profiles to some times not be displayed, or garbage to be displayed instead.
(raf) TextUI: When switching skins all the text will disappear. This happens on occasion. Just move up or down for the text to re-render.
*OE related Problems on this release*
(raf) Core: Static IP connections don't work correctly. Seems the gateway is not used as it should. (Also, make sure CPU speed is 222 when establishing a WiFi connection). Possible solution, if you have a proxy server in your network, set it up in PSPRadio.cfg. A static IP may work then. (This is untested)."
Source:A http://adf.ly/444161/http://code.google.com/p/pspradio-mod/


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London, Mar 28 : The UK Home Office is planning to give priority to chefs from Bangladesh in allotting working visas under the new immigration rules.
The Home Office is preparing a shortage occupation list, which is being drawn up by a taskforce to identify jobs that cannot be filled by people from the European Union.
The team of economists is investigating whether care workers, chefs for Indian restaurants and hospital technicians, among other roles, are really needed rather than training up UK or European Union nationals.
Professor David Metcalf, Chair of the Migration Advisory Committee, said his team would create a UK and Scottish list of occupations by June to be given special dispensation to work here.
"Essentially, Scotland gets a second bite of the cherry and that reflects both the slightly different demographics but also the different composition of industry," Scotsman.com reported Matcalf, as saying.
Earlier, 100 restaurateurs protested at the Scottish Parliament claiming that nearly half of Scotland's Indian restaurants could close because of a shortage of caterers.
Under the new points-based migration system due to come into force in the UK in late autumn, people seeking work visas could be given additional points if they have skills Britain needs.


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Two brothers, one dream—To share our love for Lebanese and Mediterranean food with our community. When our parents immigrated to America over 25 years ago, they brought with them a healthy appetite for work, and countless family recipes. That combination was the basis for a successful family-run food vendor business that Kareem (my brother) and I helped run. When our parents sold the business, we knew that it was just a matter of time before we opened our own restaurant.
With Kareem in his final semester at The University of Texas and me being a laid-off petroleum engineer, we had enough time to open our own place but not the capital. After a night of brainstorming, we came up with the perfect solution—the country's first Uber Eats exclusive restaurant! Since opening in early November, The Falafel Guys have been serving up Austins tastiest, and fastest, Mediterranean cuisines.
We always love hearing back from our community.


text:
10 Of The Most Gorgeous Women In Sports Today
Check out the professional sport girls that can be easily confused with models
Crazy Extreme, As The Meaning Of Life
I suggest you look further at the thrills and crazy extreme, which is needed so people no less than the air.
What Would Happen If You Stopped Drinking Water
With about 65% of human body being water, it is one of the most essential components for human life. So, what would happen if you stopped drinking water? Watch this video to find out.
Chevy Camaro Coupe ZL1 Freedom Fighter
Chevy Camaro Coupe ZL1. Named Project Freedom Fighter this awesome Chevy was created as a tribute to the wounded soldiers that fought for America. But this Chevy Camaro Coupe is not just for show it was built to generate foundation for Wounded Warriors. A
Senior Citizens That Can Still Go
Being old doesn?t mean you have to stop living your life. These senior citizens are pushing themselves to the limits.
Adorable Video Shows Moggy Playing with Dolphins
Cats are usually happy just to play with a ball of string ? but not Arthur. As this video show, he likes to spend his down time with dolphins. Real dolphins. Standing on the edge of a jetty, the kitty can be seen reaching out to an Atlantic bottlenose d
Photos That Show Something Good
Evoking good emotions by photos
The Key To Potty Training Your Child In Two Days
A Professional Potty Trainer's 5 Best Pieces Of Advice
Cats Who Know They?re More Important Than Anything Else You?re Doing Right Now
Just in case you were ever under the illusion you were in charge? you?re not.
This Is What Beauty Treatments Looked Like In The 1900′s
It's a peculiar look into our past and our enduring obsession with perfection.
The Top 12 Benefits of Growing Up with Pets
The Benefits of Growing Up with Pets The relationship between children and their pets is special and comforting, and brings with it many benefits for the child?s development. Studies have shown that children with pets have higher self-esteem, improved s
17 Times Baby Penguins Reached Fatal Levels Of Cuteness
It's a big, cold world out there, but these baby penguins manage to waddle their way through it in the cutest, goofiest way possible
Top Best Websites for Android Apps
Websites for Android Apps
Incredible Smoking Magic Tricks
Too much smoking is bad though
Look This Funniest Excuses Made To Car Insurance Companies
However carefully and vigilantly you may drive, accidents do happen. And when they do, it is then a question of explaining the circumstances to the car insurance companies for them to help sort out the mess and get your car repaired. But before the body s
- Excited
- Fascinated
- Amused
- Bored
- Sad
- Angry


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Sidero Upholstered Guest Chair
Sidero is a great waiting room chair and can also be used as a guest or break room chair. Rugged but easy to move around the Sidero can be stacked 5 high for storage when not in use. Love the chair but need a special color? Be sure to contact us at Backcare Basics and we will send you free swatch cards to make sure you get it right!
- Four-legged side chairs offer a wall saver frame and stack up to 5 high on the floor.
- The rugged frame comes in durable Black finish.
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Pistachio Pesto Recipe:http://bit.ly/Pistachio-Pesto-Pasta While it might sound a bit fancy or gourmet, I think it's one of the most kid-friendly foods out there. Here is a great recipe using some ingredients that are probably just lying around your kitchen. How good is this pasta? Did your kids eat it up? Post your comments below.
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Dragon Age - Forum Highlights @ Sorcerer's Place
After a lengthy hiatus, Sorcerer's Place let us know they've started compiling highlights from the Dragon Age forums once again. Here's a sample, featuring David Gaider:
The more time passes, the more DA starts looking like a NWN2 clone, which itself is a NWN clone.
It seems to me when it was first announced, the developers raved about how different it would be from D&D. Now they're saying "Hey, D&D is the standard, so no one should have a problem with how we set up the classes and custom classes."
Real-time-with-pause combat, natch.
And my personal fave: they're going the "Party NPC's can never die, because they're too important to our plot!" route.
Why didn't they just write their entirely original world in a NWN2 mod? Think of the money to be saved using Bioware's engine!
I thought this was a great discussion and a good one to highlight. The points of view were carefully considered and interesting, and they were expressed well.
It didn't consider much new, though. What I'd really like from a future RPG is something along the lines of choice and consequence but with more subtlety, depth and mystery. The player's actions should affect or even drive the plot, but with every decision he makes throughout the game, not just the ones he makes when he's given a clear set of choices.
This game has been in production for a very long time now, isn't it about time we start getting some new, solid information instead of just various discussions and a three year old wallpaper? The first previews of Dragon Age were written after E3 2004, where Dragon Age was shown, so it must be getting close to completion unless something has gone wrong.
I agree, Maylander. I haven't seen any newsbits or pr anywhere for quite awhile, and this is just a forum discussion. On one hand, I'm kind of grateful to be spared the endless hype and overuse of current buzzwords, but on the other, I wonder why there is so little "developer diary" type of material, interviews, new screenshots, etc.
There may be something more on the actual Bioware site, but I stopped going there years ago as it is one of the most irritating visual hodge-podges around and slower than a one-armed paper-hanger.
Look how long NWN took, though. Five years, wasn't it? Midway through that development process they essentially started over, so who knows what they're doing with Dragon Age.
Of course, if a Dragon Age development meeting or discussion on progress is anywhere near as lengthy as Gaider's commentary, they may just sit around all day listening to him talk and not actually get any work done :p
eh ? what ? huh?
Dragon Age looks like it is going to be quite a different game from D&D. First off, there is no magic at all in Dragon Age! and the little magic there is is very low magic.
I happen to like realtime with pause :) in combat. There will be deaths to story vital NPCs as well as to party members NPCs! There will be no resurrection spells at all!
Healing will be done in quite a different way than D&D does it. You will need to heal your comrades and yourself after battle, and maybe even drag your and your party all the way back to base camp to get healed or get patched up.
Since this initial comment on DA from David Gaider --- there has been another comment on the rpgcodex board --- basically saying 'look, we do what we want to do, and if you don't like it, there's the door. Goodbye'. This may sound harsh, but there you have it…
There will also be no healer class in this game as you basically starts out either as figther, a mage or a rogue. If start the game as dwarf noble, this will make the game stort for you in the Dwarf town or city in the game. You will have a backstory to your character that eventually will catch up with you - after you've been forced the twon, city or village. I think you can play as an elf, human or barbarian.
As you grow in experience, you get to unlock skills etc. and the experience you get will be skill-based (somewhat similar to te TES-series, I guess?), not XP-based as it is in D&D. One of these skills may or may not be the ability to heal someone i.e. do doctoral work on them. It might also be that you will rely in your companions to do this. IN NWN1, NWN2, you only had henchmen, but in DA you will (again) have companions as you did in Baldur's Gate…
The game can take its time, though, since iirc, DA hasn't found a publisher yet.
Bioware announced the game in 2004 at the very beginning of the developing cycle, maybe even before pre-production really got started. They did this to quell the rumors that Bioware didn't intend to develop PC games anymore. Therefore,
DA was announced as a PC only game…
However, 3-4 years is a very long time. And I don't think that BIoware would want to compete with Bethesda's Fallout 3 in Fall 2008, so it is possible that this game, DA, will be released sometime in 2009. It takes about 4½to5½ years to make a good (pc) rpg game. And will rather see Bioware taken its time to get DA just right instead of rushing it out the door.
My guess is that as soon as Mass Effect is released sometine this year? we will se much more DA coverage just as we have seen much more ME coverage in the last
6-12 months related to Mass Effect.
David Gaider is the Lead Writer on DA. This means he just writes the story, is responsible for the plot etc. where some other people (the lead producer?) is responisble for the design docs etc. And basically, the OK need (still) to be given
by the good doctors of Bioware, I think…
The Lead Writer, in this case David Gaider, then assigns quest & storylines to the writers working on DA. And then he puts it all together and sends it up higher for approval, I think. At least that's the impression I have gotten from reading David Gaider's posts on the Codex and Patrick Weekes's posts here on this forum.
I don't think any solid RPG ever took 5 years to make unless they almost restarted (as they did with NWN). 2-4 years is common. I know World of Warcraft took 5 years to complete, but developing an MMO as big as WoW takes quite a bit longer than single player games.
I get a weird Duke Nukem Forever feeling from all of this, hehe.
Aries, I'm confused by your post. First you say there is NO magic, then you say there is only LOW magic, and finally you say one of the classes you can play is a MAGE!! Doesn't that seem silly to play a Mage if there's NO magic??!!
Dragon Age has been in development for awhile, yes, but it's a game on a brand-new engine. The last time BioWare did that was with Neverwinter and the Aurora engine, from which NWN, KotOR, and Jade Empire all sprang, so it's natural for the game to be in development for awhile.
(Mass Effect uses a third-party engine, which makes it difficult to compare (easier in some areas, likely harder in others, and I'm not a programmer, so I'm certainly not the one to ask). I do know that being the first BioWare game to use the Unreal Engine is kind of an uphill fight in the snow, and Mass Effect programmers are doing a lot of work so that future projects have an easier time and a tighter schedule.)
As for what Dragon Age will be as a game, I can't say. I mean, I could, but then I'd be looking in the want ads. :) David Gaider is the guy to listen to in that regard. I do know that there is magic, but it's not dime-store magic. Magic in Dragon Age is dangerous and scary, and if you run into someone who's using magic casually, you know that it's someone you really want to take seriously. Rather than misspeak, I'll just keep pointing at Dave.
And as for the lack of publicity, that's purely because of Mass Effect. Dragon Age has a big team doing a ton of work. Their plan is to run quietly until Mass Effect is out the door, and then blow the doors off the public with what they've got ready to show. They haven't canceled the project. It's not going to be a NWN2 mod. It's quiet now because now is the time to talk about geth and krogan and turians. The time for unicorns will come soon. :)
There are already a lot of design-decisions for Dragon Age, that I don't like:
- Only a Party of four
- NWN2 Death-System (maybe with a little penalty)
- Only 3 Races and 3 Base-Classes (but with a special twist…)
The more I read about it, the more I fear it turns into a medival KOTOR. Well, I suppose it could be worse…
Thanks for the comments Patrick. Could you perhaps ask Dave G to drop by here occasionally and give US a few insights!! :)
Indeed, that was very helpful, I was beginning to get worried. The basic idea of the game is top notch, so I'm looking forward to see if they can pull it off (multiple starts, dynamic story etc).
The things is that we are all very steeped in pre-formed notions of an RPG being like a D&D, so we expect to see goblins and that everyone (sort of) can use magic.
That's what I meant by there's no magic in Dragon Age. DA isn't TES or D&D.
I think of it as some sort of European medieval society in which there are powerfull wizards, but they live far off the normal lands, and far away, on high mountains, or in deep caves, where normal people seldomly ever comes.
Magic in Dragon Age will be low magic meaning that you won't have access to any spells or the like, but you will (maybe?) be able to create and then cast a spell using the lifeforce within you, or by drawing the lifeforce from the 'ether' in the air. Thus magic suddenly becomes very dangerous and scary as you will NEED to know what you're doing.
I always somehow think of Gandalf using his innate (wizard) powers to manipulate and reshape the environment. Let me also point you to the magic seen in Angel, the magic the witch Tara? uses is not to be taken lightly, whether by friend nor foe, as Tara's use of magic also uses up her lifeforce (or hp in an rpg, if you want). Maybe this sort of dangerous and scary form of magic also makes it into Dragon Age….
As for there being mages in DA, I am just retelling what I've read over at the DA forums on Bioware's website. And David G. did say that there will be three (main)classes, a fighter, a rogue and a mage. If you choose to be a mage, you will start out in some sort of town, village or citadel where the mages live. And you will probably at level 1 only be able to transform pigs or something similar to that.
Magic in DA is supposed to be scary and dangerous, not something to be taken lightly…
(PS: patrick, how's the wife and newborn kid?)
All (A)D&D games I know of have real-time-with-pause fights, as far as I can remember. Maybe except Pools of Radiance 2.
I haven't. I was very, VERY lucky to finally find the Eye of the Beholder Trilogy on CD-ROM on a flea market in this area here ! I have never seen the "Gold Box Games", and Dark Sun is also quite difficult to track down.
I know a big second-hand shop with very old games in Cologne, near where I live, that's where i might try finding them, but the last time I saw it, the whole building was severely overhauled.
My last resort would ebay, then, or amazon, but prices of older games usually get quite high, because some sellers know very well that there are some collectors (like me) out there …
The best findings can be made on flea markets where the sellers don't know what they are actually selling. :D
This way I recently found a CD-ROM Multimedia version of the second Laura Bow adventure … the people did know that these old adventures are worth a thing, but I chattet with them, and told them that there are two kinds of buyers, imho: The collectors, willing to pay rather high prices, and those who don't (the "non-collectors", as I call them right now), and maybe a third group that overlaps partly with both: Those who still want to actually play these games … ;) That's where I am. ;)
I both collect some older games (not all of course, because I have only limited room ;) , but I also want to play them. :)
Another future buyer for Grimoire!! :)
intresting talk about magic. The way I magine (from the small info we know) the magic in dragon age is something similar to Lord of the rings where only few very powefull persons could handle magic. And the magic was very subtle but yet very powerfull. Or maybe something similar to old medevil tales about wizzards like Merlin, who were mostly feared by the people..etc :)
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Robert Parker, The Wine AdvocateApproximately 35% whole clusters were used in this wine's upbringing as well as 35% new oak. A terrific Syrah from this cool climate region, it boasts a dense purple color along with a seamless integration of acidity, tannin, alcohol, and wood. Hints of ink, graphite, blackberries, blueberries, and forest floor characteristics are found in this full-bodied, rich, but never overwrought or too heavy beauty. Enjoy it over the next decade.
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SyrahAlso known as Shiraz in Australia and South Africa, Syrah makes intense, deep wines with plenty of spice, fruit and alcohol. It thrives in warm climates, and is widely grown in Australia, California, and the Rhone region of France, where it makes Cote Rotie and Hermitage, and forms the backbone of Chateauneuf du Pape. View all our additional Syrah items
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Hiya, so my name is Kayleigh and I live with my two beautiful children Riley and Layla and not forgetting their Daddy Ben.
Im a full time mummy to our little prince and princess but im also a business woman with my own business with my dad which has been running since January 2014. Our Business website is www.rightplancomms.co.uk
Juggling being a full time mummy and work isnt easy or for the faint hearted, its really hard work but I do it to my best ability to try and build a better future for my babies. I love my family and the job I do so what more could a woman ask for?
I first got with Ben in December 2008 and for a long time we had an on and off relationship but since January 2016 we have been a solid unit and I can honestly say me and our little family have never been happier.
Our not so little Prince Riley was born in March 2010 after 11 hours of labour on just gas and air weighing 7lb 2.5oz. As soon as he was born I knew I had found my purpose in life.. I had never known the meaning of true love until you hold your little baby for the first time and he continues to amaze me each and every day he grows and learns. He even teaches me a few things aswell.
In Sept 2015 we was left with heartache after I miscarried our baby at 12 weeks. I have honestly never felt pain and heartache like it in all my life. Although we never got to meet our little angel baby, we already loved him/her as if they did come into this world and we will never forget them.
Then to our absolute shock our little Layla was born in November 2016. From what I thought was a sickness bug I caught off of Riley actually turned out to be a beautiful healthy baby girl born after a quick 4 hours of labour again just on gas and air weighing 7lb 2oz. I was worried that I could never love another child like my first but when I held her in my arms I felt my heart double in size and my love for her was equal to her brothers.
Watching Riley and Layla build their bond as brother and sister is absolutely amazing and they completely idolise each other, although no doubt they will have there moments. Watching these two grow as individuals and together makes my heart want to burst im so happy and in love with my little people and they will always be my babies no matter how old they get.
Im extremely close to my dad, Hes my idol and I honestly have not met a man who would do above and beyond for his family. We are his everything.
Then theres my best friend Beki, the stories we have would make excellent TV, maybe as my blogs go on, you may get to hear a few (Not the embarrasing ones haha).
This is our story and journey as a family and my opinions on certain topics and maybe also a bit of advice on issues I have personally experienced.


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Chelsea captain John Terry set to become one of the highest paid players in world football with Chinese Super League switch
John Terry is on the verge of sealing a hugely lucrative move to China, according to reports.
The Chelsea captain looks certain to be leaving Stamford Bridge after 18 years in the summer and has seemingly played his last game for the club following his sending off against Sunderland at the weekend.
The 35-year-old has attracted interest from across Europe and has been targeted by numerous Major League Soccer clubs.
But Terry is now said to have made his mind up on a switch to the Chinese Super League.
According to The Sun, he is close to finalising terms with an unnamed club which will make him one of the highest paid players in world football.
Terry visited Shanghai in March as he weighed up a potential move to the Far East and is now ready to put pen-to-paper on a stunning £500,000-a-week deal.
The ex-England skipper would become the latest big-name to make the move to China, following the likes of Gervinho, Alex Teixeira, Jackson Martinez and his former Blues teammate Ramires.
He could link up with his one-time Chelsea boss Phil Scolari at Guangzhou Evergrande or with his old England manager Sven-Goran Eriksson at Shanghai SIPG.


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more Smith columns
WINTER HAVEN, Fla. - When baseball history, in the form of 87-year-old Bob Feller, ambles through the Chain-of-Lakes Park, young and old call out to him.
If they ask him (dressed in his No. 19 uniform) to pose for a photo, he obliges, but if they want an autograph, he advises that they come over to the food court where he will sign until the line dwindles down to a senior couple from Sandusky, Ohio.
That is the way it was at the end of the sixth inning of an Indians exhibition game earlier this spring. He didn't turn anybody down.
This is a typical spring day in the life of the Iowa farm boy who was consistently blowing fastballs past big league hitters when he was a mere 17 years old.
Can you imagine that?
Striking out Joe DiMaggio before learning to drive something other than a tractor?
Jake Westbrook, a pretty fair country pitcher from Madison County, needed five years for a partial season in the Majors and eight years to become a regular on a big league roster.
Feller is generous in his praise of Westbrook, who has a rural background in common with the great Indians fastballer. Westbrook's address is Ila, but close enough to call Danielsville (population 500) home. Feller grew up near the Racoon River in Van Meter, Iowa, which had a population of 866 in 2000.
Westbrook didn't experience the rigors of farm life, which Feller said gave him the foundation for his success in the American League, where he won 266 games. Westbrook came along when he could hone his skills by spending his time in organized leagues.
"I'll tell you this about Westbrook," Feller said. "He is a deserving young man. He is not selfish. I hate selfish athletes. Baseball is a team game. Young Westbrook is a good person to have in the clubhouse. That is why I am so high on him. He isn't Walter Johnson or Sandy Koufax, but he can fire it past a lot of hitters. He is very conscientious and studies the hitters. He has good self discipline and good control of his repertoire. You got anymore like him down in Georgia? The Indians will take 'em."
While Westbrook was pitching four innings against the Braves, picking up the win, Feller was signing autographs and talking baseball. He carried on a lengthy interview while inking his signature and interacting with the fans who kept lining up to talk, posing for pictures and taking away a prized autograph.
"To whom?" he will ask, personalizing each autograph, never showing impatience or disdain for conversation. "Where you from?" he will begin, and when someone said Chillocothe, for example, he will ask if they know a friend of his. Feller seems to know somebody in every town in the country. Pennsylvania, Michigan, North Carolina, Arizona, doesn't matter.
He has traveled the United States from one end to the other, from barnstorming days in his prime to making appearances anywhere he could find the time to go - at one point, even piloting his own plane.
An afternoon at the ballpark with Feller leaves an interviewer with a pad full of notes and pining for more candid views and viewpoints on anything from the importance of a strong military to Pete Rose disgracing the game of baseball. Among other Fellerisms gleaned from the man who never spent a day in the minor leagues:
"My thumb comes back real deep, like my mother's, which helped me throw the best curve in the majors in my prime.
"I pitched against Spud Chandler (former Georgia football and baseball great from Carnesville). He still holds a record or two doesn't he? If I was voting, and he was on the list, I'd vote for him for the Hall of Fame.
"Bad ears," he said not being able to understand something a fan said. "Five-inch 38s," speaking of his battleship experience. Feller was the first name athlete to volunteer for the war after Pearl Harbor.
"The war cost me 100 career victories, but I have no regrets." About that time, the National Anthem began and he abruptly halted the signing process, took off his cap and stood erect with a smile on his face. "You must always honor the flag," he said when he returned to signing autographs.
An autograph, he said, is a commodity. "You can sell it, you can give it away or you can do nothing with it. It is your business."
Loran Smith is a contributing columnist for the Athens Banner-Herald. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
© 2017. All Rights Reserved. | Contact Us


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Winter Exploration Geocache Event, Stony Brook-Millstone Watershed Association
Saturday, 1:30-3:30PM, Adults and Families, $5 per person
This "event-cache" is a great introduction to the hobby of geocaching as well as the ecology of winter. Track animals, meet winter weeds, talk with birds and much more. Appropriate for beginners or experienced cachers. Bring your own GPS unit and dress for walking on wintery trails – boots required. Watch for more details and RSVP at www.geocaching.com or contact the Education Department at 609-737-7592.
Click here for more information


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Obsessing Experience
A POV Piece by BSSP Associate Director of Strategy, Jennifer Kim
On June 9, Will Sansom kicked off the Now / Next / Why conference with an impassioned plea that experience, despite being overused as a marketing buzzword, is arguably more important than ever. Derrick Lewis told a deceptively simple story of how Rapha meticulously plotted each store location to be easily accessible from bike paths in order to better serve their community of road cyclists. The day was filled with examples big and small of how obsessing over experiences can be incredibly powerful in building your brand and bringing your brand story to life.
What struck me was just how much the audience seemed to agree. People nodded along in agreement with Tom Raith's frustration that so many good experiential ideas get buried "in the back of the deck." Others smiled in recognition at Anna Pickard's obsession with getting the Slack voice just so. Based on the reaction in the room, one could almost believe that Matt Watkinson's "Ten Principles Behind Great Customer Experiences" were actually the Ten Commandments being handed down from above in PowerPoint form.
So if most of the room agreed that obsessing over experience is actually a pretty good idea, why did the room light up when asked to come up with "worst case" customer experience stories? Why is it so hard to pull off a thoughtful, simple, awesome customer experience?
The answer to this question is complicated and involves many difficult truths about organizational behavior and corporate structure. But instead of highlighting the reasons why it's hard, below we offer three simple suggestions on how to take our obsession with experience out of the theoretical space and into a more practical one:
1.) Start small.
Instead of trying to fix it all, start somewhere small. Break the ice with one small idea and build from there. As Will Sansom pointed out, designing experiences to be more consumer-centric is not a finite thing. Experience is iterative and, as brand stewards and marketers, we should strive to be constantly iterating and improving. If redesigning 500 stores is too daunting of a first step for a retail brand, start smaller and rethink your online experience instead. As you build the muscle, it will become easier to flex.
2.) There's always at least one unmet need or emotion.
Even for the most utilitarian categories or brands, there is always at least one unmet need or emotional opportunity. Find your entry point and build from there. Maybe it's not going to be about curating luxury travel experiences or rekindling interest in the romance of road cycling, but there is always some sort of unmet need that can guide the customer experience. Identify a fundamental need and build from there. In an ideal world, a brand experience is thoughtfully curated, beautifully designed, brilliantly executed and incredibly unique — but if that feels too far off, you can always start by being useful.
3.) Find your allies, get one win and then build your case.
If this is your case, our advice is to find people in the company who share your religion — even if it's only a few — and partner with them to find the right opportunity to lead a pilot program. Change one piece of your business to be more experiential and consumer-centric, get tons of data on how it works and then use that win to build your case on a larger scale. People can argue with the theory of why experience matters, but people can't argue with results.
About BSSP
Butler, Shine, Stern & Partners is a full-service marketing communications agency, named "Best Small Agency of the Decade" by Adweek. Learn more atbssp.com.


text: k i usually use cios36 rev10 i think it is and run my iso games off a hard drive and its been working fine and i find out ppl say to use cios38 rev 13a i think it is for ghostbusters and other new games that r gonna be coming out. well when i install cios38 rev 13a and boot up usb loader gx it tells me thers no usb device so i reinstall 36 rev10 and it starts working fine again and detects my hard drive. when i install 38 rev13a i use cios 249 i think it is to install it as its the first cios that shows so i thought thats what i was suppose to use. im on 4.0U if that changes anything hopefully someone can help me i kind of want to play ghostbusters but just mainly want to be using the best cios and be able to play the newer games that come out thanx and srry if this has been answered im a lil new lol.


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Personalised Socks Sets - Engagement
If you like it then you shoulda put some socks on it...
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Size: Men's: 7-11, Women's: 4-7
Material: 75% Cotton, 23% Nylon, 2% Lycra
Care instructions: Do not iron on printed area
Made in the UK
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Shane Co.
Sterling Silver Leaf and Chain Necklace (18")
Description & Specifications
This charming necklace features leaf shaped accents with alternating high polished and textured finishes. The shapes are connected by chains of quality sterling silver to create this 18-inch necklace.
Item Number: 41071578
Item Number: 41071578
- *Metal FinishPolished
- Metal TypeSterling Silver
- Stone TypePlain
- Length18 inch
- Setting TypeNo Stones


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