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To evaluate the thickness of the inner retinal layers in the macula using frequency domain-optical coherence tomography (fd-OCT) in patients with demyelinating diseases.
Cross sectional study
301 eyes of 176 subjects were evaluated. Subjects were divided in 5 different groups: controls, neuromyelitis optica (NMO), longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), multiple sclerosis with (MS-ON) and without (MS non-ON) history of optic neuritis, respectively.
The individual layers from macular fd-OCT cube scans were segmented with an automated algorithm, and then manually hand-corrected. For each scan, we determined the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), the combined retinal ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers (RGCL+), and the inner nuclear layer (INL).
Macular RNFL, RGCL+ and INL thickness
The RNFL was significantly thinner than controls for all patient groups (p≤0.01). Macular RGCL+ thickness was significantly thinner than controls for the NMO, MS-ON and MS non-ON (p<0.001 for the 3 groups). The INL thickness was significantly thicker than controls for the NMO (p=0.003) and LETM (p=0.006) patients but not for MS-ON or MS non-ON. While the RNFL and RGCL+ were not significantly different between the NMO and MS-ON groups, the NMO patients had a significantly thicker INL than the MS-ON (p=0.02) patients.
Macular RNFL and RGCL+ demonstrate axonal and neural loss in MS, either with or without ON, and in NMO patients. In addition, the INL thickening occurs in NMO and LETM patients and study of this layer may hold promise for differentiating between NMO and MS.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) are both inflammatory, autoimmune, demyelinating diseases that can present with optic neuritis (ON) and/or transverse myelitis. Usually the ON in NMO is more recurrent and severe when compared to MS.1 The myelitis in NMO characteristically extends more than 3 vertebral bodies and is then called longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), while in MS it rarely extends over two vertebral bodies.2 Previously thought to be a rare subtype of MS, the identification of the NMO-immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibody3 has provided evidence that they are different diseases.4 We also know that a water channel protein, aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the target of auto antigen in NMO.5 The AQP4 is usually found in astrocytes in the nervous system (e.g., optic nerve and spinal cord), but also is found in other supporting cells, such as the retina Mueller cells.6
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a technology that can be used to detect a large array of retinal abnormalities including those resulting from axonal loss in diseases affecting the anterior optic pathway including MS and NMO.7-10 Over the last years several studies have suggested that peri-papillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thickness analysis may be used to detect axonal loss in MS and to monitor treatment efficacy. It has also been suggested that OCT abnormalities can help differentiate MS from NMO patients based on the severity of axonal loss and the existence of subclinical damage in MS and not in NMO patients.9, 11 Most studies have quantified axonal loss based on OCT measurements of the peri-papillary RNFL,8, 10, 11 while some have also evaluated macular full thickness measurements, another indirect indicator of axonal loss.7, 9, 12, 13
Recently with the advent of segmentation of OCT-measured macular measurements, different retinal layers have been studied in MS patients. Saidha, Syc, Durbin et al demonstrated a thinning of the retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL) in all MS subtypes. This RGCL thinning correlated better with visual loss and neural disability than did changes in RNFL thickness.14 Another recent paper from the same authors discussed the possibility of a primary retinal neuro-pathology in MS patients and demonstrated that in part of these patients the inner and outer nuclear layers are thinner than normal controls.15
Several questions about the effects of MS and NMO on macular layer thickness remain open. For example, does MS really affect other retinal layers and what is the extent of RGCL thickness loss? Also, little is know about the thickness of retinal layers in NMO or LETM (NMO-spectrum) versus those in MS patients, as well as the effect of the positivity for anti-aquaporin 4 antibody on the thickness of retinal layers, specifically the inner nuclear layer where the Mueller cell bodies are located.
The purpose of this study was: 1. to evaluate the thickness of the RNFL, RGCL and inner nuclear layer (INL) in the macula using high resolution optical coherence tomography (fd-OCT) in patients with MS, either with history of ON (MS-ON) or without history of ON (MS non-ON), patients with NMO (affected with ON) or LETM (NMO-spectrum, without ON); 2. to understand how the changes seen with these different diseases compare to each other and to controls.
This was an observational, prospective cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited from the Department of Neurology of the University of São Paulo Medical School. Approval from the Institutional Review Board Ethics Committee was obtained for the study. The study followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and informed consent was obtained from all participants. This study is registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov, under identifier NCT01024985 (accessed December 2, 2009).
A total of 84 eyes from 45 normal controls and 217 eyes from 131 patients were evaluated. Eyes of patients were divided in four different groups: 1- NMO; 2- LETM; 3- MS-ON; 4- MS non-ON. For specific comparisons groups, 1 and 3 were sub-divided in having one or more than one episode of ON.
All patients had their diagnosis confirmed by the treating neurologist (D.C.). MS diagnose was based on McDonald criteria 16 The diagnosis of NMO was based on the revised diagnostic criteria of Wingerchuck et al.1. All patients had previous episodes of ON and acute transverse myelitis with MRI, showing contiguous spinal cord lesion involving more than 3 vertebral segments. Fifteen (46%) patients had positive NMO-IgG anti aquaporine-4 antibody. LETM patients were included because it is considered a spectrum within the same disease as NMO 9, 17, 18. LETM patients are therefore considered the equivalent of NMO patients, but without the history of ON. In our study, inclusion criteria for LETM were: monophasic or recurrent occurrence of sensory, motor or autonomic dysfunction attributable to the spinal cord with bilateral signs or symptoms and progression to nadir between 4 hours and 21 days; inflammation within the spinal cord demonstrated by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis or elevated IgG index or gadolinium enhancement on MRI; and spinal cord MRI abnormality extending three or more vertebral segments. Ten (35%) patients with LETM had positive anti-NMO antibody titers.
The neurologic exclusion criteria for all patients were extra-axial compressive etiology by neuroimaging, central nervous system manifestation of infectious diseases and brain MRI abnormalities other than those suggestive of MS or NMO.
Disease duration, number of ON crisis and disease-specific therapies was ascertained for each patient. History of ON episodes was determined for eyes of MS and NMO patients by self-report and physician report, and confirmed by medical record review. Patients whose most recent attack of ON had occurred less than 6 months prior were not included in the study. Normal controls consisted of normal healthy volunteers recruited from among the hospital staff.
Subjects underwent fd-OCT scanning of the macular area without dilating the pupil, using commercially available equipment (3 D OCT-1000®, Topcon Corp., Tokyo, Japan) on the same day of the ophthalmic evaluation. The authors reviewed the images with respect to their subjective and objective quality.
The scanning protocol involved the acquisition of a set of 3 high-definition OCT images of the macula in a raster pattern covering a 6-mm area with a scan density of 512 × 128 in ~ 3.5 seconds (27,000 A scans/sec) (Figure 1A). Criteria for acceptable 3D OCT-1000® fundus images included: an absence of large eye movements, defined as an abrupt shift completely disconnecting a large retinal vessel; a consistent signal intensity level across the scan; and an absence of black bands (caused by blinking) throughout the examination.
The local structural thickness was determined for the individual B-scans of the cube scan. In particular, for each B-scan, the boundaries of anatomical layers were determined using a previously validated automated segmentation algorithm,19 which was then hand-corrected using manual segmentation via a custom program as previously described,20-22 a technique which has been shown to provide reliable and repeatable results23. The hand-correction was done by an experienced operator who was blind to the patient's diagnose during the segmentation process. Figure 1B shows the borders segmented and the regions for which we calculated thickness values: RNFL, RGCL combined with the inner plexiform layer (IPL), and INL. Because the boundary between the RGCL and the IPL can sometimes be hard to determine, we measured the combined RGCL+IPL (RGCL+) instead of measuring each of these layers separately. For each cube scan, we segmented 128 B-scans and obtained the thickness for each evaluated layer, including 3 separate measurements corresponding to the macular RNFL, the RGCL+ and the INL thickness. A pseudo-color thickness map of these layers is shown in Fig. 2 for the average of the controls, MS-ON and NMO patients.
Subjects underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination including best-corrected monocular visual acuity assessment and SAP. Visual acuity was assessed with ETDRS charts at 3.2 m (Lighthouse Low-Vision Products, Long Island City, NY). Snellen equivalents were also recorded for ETDRS VA measurements. SAP was conducted with a Humphrey Field Analyzer (Carl-Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) using the Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm (SITA-standard 24.2 program) and a Goldmann size III stimulus on a 31.5-apostilb background. Perimetry was performed on the same day as OCT testing.
For all patients and controls, ophthalmological inclusion criteria for the study were best corrected visual acuity of 20/200 or better in at least one eye, refractive errors less than 5.00 diopters sphere or 4.00 diopters cylinder, intraocular pressure < 22 mmHg, and reliable VF. A reliable VF test was defined as one with fewer than 33% fixation losses, false positive or false negative responses. The ophthalmologic exclusion criteria were history of clinically apparent optic neuropathies other than ON, history of intraocular pressure elevation, clinical signs of glaucomatous optic neuropathy, and optic disc anomaly.
Analysis was performed using SPSS version 19.0. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models, accounting for age and within patient inter-eye correlations, were used to examine the macular RNFL, RGCL+ or INL thickness of the different groups. For all statistical tests, type I error for significance was set as P < 0.05.
A total of 301 eyes were evaluated and separated in 5 groups. NMO: Forty-six eyes from 29 patients with NMO (anti-NMO positive = 22 eyes, only one episode of ON = 33 eyes); LETM: 56 eyes from 29 patients with LETM (anti-NMO positive = 20 eyes); MS-ON: 41 eyes of 29 patients with MS previously affected with ON (MS-ON, only one episode of ON = 28 eyes); MS non-ON: 74 eyes of 44 patients without previous episodes of ON (MS non-ON); and, Controls: 84 eyes of 45 controls. Table 1 shows the demographic data of all individuals studied.
Table 2 and Fig. 3A show macular RNFL thickness measurements for each group. Average macular RNFL thicknesses were significantly reduced in NMO (p<0.001), LETM (p=0.003), MS-ON (p<0.001) and MS non-ON (p=0.008) eyes when compared with normal controls. NMO eyes were significantly smaller than those from LETM (p<0.001) or MS non-ON (p<0.001) eyes, but were not significantly different when compared to MS-ON eyes (p=0.254). LETM eyes were significantly thicker than MS-ON (p=0.009) and not significantly different than MS non-ON eyes (p=0.628). Finally, macular RNFL thickness measurements of MS-ON were significantly different than those of MS non-ON eyes (p=0.002).
Table 2 and Fig. 3B show results of comparison of RGCL thickness measurements in each group. When compared to normal controls, average macular RGCL+ thicknesses were significantly smaller in NMO eyes (p<0.001), MS-ON (p<0.001) and MS non-ON (p<0.001) eyes. No significant difference was observed between measurements of LETM eyes and controls (p=0.370). NMO eyes were significantly smaller than LETM eyes (p<0.001), but not than MS-ON (p=0.996) or MS non-ON (p=0.064) eyes. LETM eyes were significantly thicker than MS-ON (p<0.001) and MS non-ON (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between MS-ON and MS non-ON eyes (p=0.64).
Table 2 and Fig. 3C show results of comparison of INL thickness measurements in each group. The NMO (p=0.026) and LETM (p=0.007) eyes had thicker INL, while the thicknesses of the INL for MS ON (p=0.911) and MS non-ON (p=0.376) did not differ from controls. Also NMO (p=0.004) or LETM (p=0.001) were thicker when compared with MS ON (p=0.023, p=0.006, respectively) or with MS non-ON (p=0.004, p=0.001, respectively.) There was no significantly difference between MS ON and MS non-ON (p=0.440).
We also evaluated separately eyes with one single episode of ON, comparing two groups, MS patients (28 eyes) and NMO patients (33 eyes) with normal controls data. The results are shown on Table 3. Measurements were significantly thinner than controls regarding macular RNFL thickness (p<0.001 for both groups of eyes) and RGCL+ thickness (p<0.001 and p=0.006, respectively) measurements. However, when evaluating INL thickness measurements, the NMO group of eyes with a single ON episode was significantly thicker (p=0.04), but the MS group demonstrate no significant difference (p=0.82) compared to controls. When compared to each other, MS-ON with one episode and NMO with one ON episode, there was no significant difference in RNFL (p=0.21) and RGCL+ (p=0.75), but the INL was also statistically thicker (p=0.03) in the NMO group. In this two groups with one episode of ON we also compared the peri-papillary RNFL and we found that the NMO with one episode was significantly thinner (p<0.001) than MS with one episode.
In a large population of patients with either NMO spectrum or MS using fd-OCT, we found that both macular RNFL and RGCL+ were statistically thinner in MS with or without ON when compared to normal controls. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that optic nerve demyelination results in retrograde axonal degeneration, culminating in ganglion cell death24. It also helps supports the notion that axonal and neuronal loss is present even in eyes of MS patients without clinical history of ON. These results are similar to a recent study25 in which RGCL thickness was found to be reduced in 4 eyes with MS ON and 12 eyes with MS non-ON. The findings are also in agreement with a number of previous studies26-29, which evaluated the peri-papillary RNFL or the full-thickness macular measurements, but not specifically the RGCL, in patients with MS.
In addition to confirming the occurrence of axonal loss in MS patients, our study provides also speaks to the current debate about the presence of primary retinal pathology in MS patients. Recent studies have evaluated the INL and outer nuclear layers, as well as the RGCL of MS patients. In an anatomopathologic study, Green et al demonstrated a loss of INL neurons (neurons from bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells) in post mortem studies of MS patients30. Subsequently, Saidha et al15 subdivided the MS patients using OCT data and created a new group, which they named macular thinning predominant (MTP). MTP patients had normal peri-papillary RNFL and the average macular thickness below the 5th percentile. This new group had significant thinning of both the inner and outer nuclear layers of the retina when compared to normal controls15. In a different study the same authors found evidence that the INL and ONL thickness did not differ according to ON history 14. Based on these findings, Saidha et al have hypothesized that a primary process, independent of optic neuropathy, is targeting retinal neurons in some MS patients.
In the current study, we did not find evidence for this process. In particular, the INL thickness was not statistically different from the normals. However, it is important to note that we evaluated patients with relapsing-remitting MS (both with and without previous episodes of ON) and did not restrict our analysis to the MPT group of patients selected by Saidha et al. In theory, our group of MS eyes without ON could contain some patients that meet the criteria to MTP. Therefore, the fact that we did not find a difference in the MS groups compared to controls regarding INL thickness does not exclude the existence of primary retinal neuronal pathology in the disease. Rather, this demonstrates that if there is INL thinning, it is occurring in a small subset of patients. It is also important to note that while we measured the INL, Saidha et al measured the INL plus the outer plexiform layer, although is seems unlike to make a difference. In any case, clearly more work is needed here.
The current study is also the first to evaluate separately the RGCL and the INL of patients with NMO or LETM. Several previous studies have demonstrated severe peripapillary RNFL9, 11, 31, 32 or full-thickness macular9 thinning in NMO eyes. Our findings of significantly reduced macular RNFL and RGCL+ layers when compared to normal controls is in agreement with the current thinking that optic neuritis in NMO is associated with significant neuronal loss. Similar to what was found in MS eyes, the results show in vivo evidence of neural loss in NMO patients, which presumably is also caused by axonal degeneration after the optic nerve insult.
Some have also asked whether patients with LETM (NMO spectrum, without previous ON) have subclinical episodes of demyelination, as has been documented for MS patients. In the present study, our macular segmentation analysis demonstrated significant reduction of macular RNFL in these patients compared to controls. These findings support the idea that subclinical damage also occurs in LETM. On the other hand, there was no difference when the RGCL+ was evaluated, a somewhat surprising finding since presumably RGCL should also be reduced when the RNFL is damaged. A possible explanation is related to the fact that the thickest parts of RNFL plot in the macular scan (figure 2, red arrows) are associate with ganglion cells that fall largely outside the macula scan. Alternatively it is possible that even though axonal loss existed due to subclinical optic nerve damage, RGC layer degeneration had not occurred by the time of OCT examination.
While findings in RGC and macular NFL in NMO or LETM show similarities with what is found in MS patients, analysis of INL showed strikingly different findings in NMO-spectrum compared to both controls and MS patients. Both in NMO and LETM patients there was a significantly increase in INL thickness when compared to controls or MS patients (Table 2). NMO and LETM patients are known to be associated an autoantibody called NMO-IgG3, which targets the most abundant water channel protein in the CNS aquaporin 4 (AQP4)33. It is also known that such water channel membrane protein is found in supporting cells, such as astrocytes and the Mueller cells in the retina. The damage to AQP4 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cerebral edema34 and associated with reversible edema of brain regions, such as the hypothalamus and periventricular structures35. The deletion of AQP4 has also been implicated as cause of Mueller cells swollen in mice36. In one study, a hypoosmolar solution induced rapid swelling and sodium influx into Mueller cells in AQP4 null mice but not in wild-type mice, suggesting that water flux through AQP4 is involved in the rapid Mueller cell volume regulation in response to osmotic stress and that deletion of AQP4 results in swelling of the glial cells of the retinal tissue36. Because the AQP4 loss in NMO has a unique pattern and is unrelated to stage of demyelinating activity37, the fact that both our NMO and LETM patients had thicker INL than controls suggests that in addition to the demyelination of the optic nerve, direct damage to the retina might also be involved in the pathophysiology of these diseases. The presence of AQP4 receptors in Mueller cells, which have the body cell located in INL, may be a possible site of this occurrence. Therefore, we speculate that the increase in thickness of INL might represent an intracellular edema caused by the dysfunction/deletion of AQP4 in Mueller cells in both NMO and LETM patients. Further OCT, and ideally anatomopathologic, studies analyzing eyes of patients with the NMO spectrum of disease are necessary to clarify this issue. Future OCT studies analyzing NMO patients throughout ON episodes would also be of interest to help understand if the demyelization process is directly associated with a possible damage caused by loss of AQP4 in Mueller cells.
As both diseases, MS and NMO, may present with optic neuritis, considerable work has been done to differentiate these diseases. The OCT also has been used for this purpose, specifically the average of peri-papillary RNFL9, 11 and the macular volume9. However, as far as we know, no one has compared the RCGL or the INL of these two entities. We found that the macular RNFL and RGCL+ are not able to differentiate between these diseases. To avoid bias related to number of previous episodes, we did the same comparison in patients with only one previous episode of ON and the results were similar. As NMO affects the peri-papillary RNFL more than MS does, as evidenced in this study and in previous work9, 11, perhaps, NMO cause more diffuse damage in fibers, while in the macular area both diseases have the same effect in RNFL and RGCL+. On the other hand, the INL was thicker in NMO than in MS with ON perhaps due to the involvement of AQP4 in NMO patients. In any case, we suggest that the peri-papillary RNFL and the macular INL measures will help differentiate between MS and NMO.
Supported by grants from Fundação de Amparo á Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, Grant No 2009/50174-0), CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Nível Superior (No 4951-10-07), Brasília, Brazil, CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, (No 306487/2011-0), Brasília, Brazil and NIH – National Institute of health (EY02115). The funding organizations had no role in the design or conduct of this research.
Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Disclosure: D. B. Fernandes, None; A. S. Raza, None; R. G. F. Nogueira, None; D. Wang, None; D. Callegaro, None; M. L. R. Monteiro, None; D. C. Hood, Topcon©
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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Easter is on its way, and this tropical fruit parfait will add some sunshine to your celebration. Start with fresh tropical fruits and berries, then layer with a sweet, creamy filling scented with Nielsen-Massey Pure Orange Extract. This light dessert will bring a festive, welcome finish to a good, Easter dinner or brunch.
Tropical Fruit Parfait
8 ounces cream cheese, softened
3 tablespoons powdered sugar, sifted
2 to 4 tablespoons whole milk
1/2 teaspoon Nielsen-Massey Pure Orange Extract
4 fruit choices such as finely diced mango, pineapple, grapes, strawberries, raspberries or whole blueberries
Combine the cream cheese, confectioners' sugar, milk and orange extract in a mixing bowl and beat using an electric mixer.
Alternate layers of the cream cheese mixture and the fruit in a trifle dish or parfait glasses by either spooning the cream cheese mixture or piping with a pastry bag.
Serves 6


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Cruisemento…Bon Voyage! 7 days of fun, 52 plastic bags saved
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We at The Green Garmento love it when we get word that another state, county or city has made an effort to ban plastic bags. Usually when we read news about it we share it with you on Facebook and Twitter, but understanding the magnitude of each baby step may get lost. So in celebration of progressive legislation, we decided to post a list of every place in the USA that has or is cureently trying to get rid of that troublesome plastic! Without further ado, we bring you FANTASTIC PLACES!Read More
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At least two major Hollywood studios have hit on a cost-efficient way to cultivate good will among their environmentally conscious employees and the vocal and dedicated green actors who work on their lots. Both 20th Century Fox and Universal have turned over their tons of annual dry-cleaning to a local company committed to eliminating single use plastic dry-cleaning bags, 300 million pounds of which overflow land fills and clog waterways in the United States every year. Read More
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Wedgewood Family Practice and Psychiatry Associates and Mon Health have reached an agreement to improve access and choice for primary care in the region. Once the agreement takes effect, Wedgewood Family Practice and Psychiatry Associates, the largest private primary care practice in North Central West Virginia, will become the Mon Health primary care vehicle for growth within the region.
"We wanted to make sure that our patients continue to receive the highest quality of care in this changing healthcare environment and we determined the best way we could do that was to partner with Mon Health," said C. Brian Arthurs, M.D., Wedgewood's President. "Both organizations have a strong reputation for excellent patient care and we have closely aligned values."
The agreement takes effect March 1, 2017. Patients will not see any immediate changes but several are planned over the course of the coming months that will significantly improve the patient's experience. The most notable of which is a move to the Mon Health Medical Park. The clinics currently located on VanVoorhis Road and Burroughs Street will move to the second floor of Building 1000 on the Mon Health campus later this summer. The Westover clinic site will eventually be relocating to a new building being erected at the Gateway development off I-79 Exit 155 in Star City. The Cheat Lake location on Fort Pierpont Road will remain unchanged. The practice will also be converting to the same electronic health record as other Mon Health physician practices, allowing the convenient sharing of health information across all Mon Health providers, both in the outpatient and inpatient arenas.
"We believe in patient centered care that not only responds to acute illness and chronic disease, but also promotes overall wellness and prevention of disease," said Arthurs.
"Both organizations have collaborated on several initiatives to enhance patient care and we are certain this more formal relationship will maximize the overall benefit and experience of our patients," said Darryl Duncan, Mon Health's President and CEO.
Wedgewood Family Practice and Psychiatry Associates includes 13 physicians and 8 advanced practice professionals across four sites. Office hours, including evening and weekend hours, will continue to remain the same.


text:
Sofia, Bulgaria (PressExposure) September 16, 2009 -- âVito Di Bari hits directly to the hearts of each person. Effective, direct and out-of-the-box, his presentations are impressiveâ â says Christina Vlahova, head of the CSA Celebrity Speakers Bulgaria office â âAnd we are very happy to be able to offer our clients across Eastern Europe the possibility to invite Vito Di Bari to their conferences and events and to have the opportunity to learn directly from him.â
Vito Di Bari has been Executive Director at UNESCOâs IMI and is Scientific Director of the International Research Laboratory LabNext, quoted as âMilanâs M.I.T.â by LâEspresso magazine and âthe Milanâs think tankâ by Wired magazine. He is professor of Design and Management of Innovation at the Polytechnic University of Milan and of Corporate Communication at the Bocconi University, where he also chairs the âLaboratory of Cross Media Communicationâ. He is a weekly columnist for the Italian newspaper Il Sole 24Ore and TV anchorman for Rai and Mediaset.
Exploring the future of technology applied to everyday life, Vito Di Bari shows you how our lives will change and why. Connecting recent discoveries in media, nanotech and robotics, he explains how corporations and individuals will change their behaviours and attitudes.
CSA Celebrity Speakers Bulgaria is the leading speakersâ bureau in Eastern Europe and is part of the Celebrity Speakers Associates (CSA) global network of speaker bureaux, entrusted with the management of speakersâ services, who are among the worldâs most outstanding personalities from the field of professional business, academia, politics, sport, entertainment and the arts.
For additional information on the news that is the subject of this release, contact CSA Bulgaria or visit http://www.speakersbulgaria.com
To book Vito Di Bari to speak at your corporate event, fill in the form here: http://www.speakersbulgaria.com/2008/05/14/vito-di-bari/


text: Lots of posts on how to download the Nexus One update before the OTA option (scheduled for the end of the week) and lots of posts on the joys of Multi-Touch. Then there's Native Google Goggles and an updated maps feature. I understand the interest in each of these, but personally I'm willing to wait a week for the OTA installation, don't care at all about Multi-Touch (as it doesn't strike me as that difficult to hold down a "+" or "-" icon with a single touch), don't care about Google Goggles (because I don't understand the purpose other than to say, "cool," which I'm sure it is), and think that the beta Google Maps works just fine. I'm more interested in what else the update might include. Improving 3G connectivity and speed (sometimes mentioned) strikes me as important, but is there anything else? Native support for Calendars in Microsoft Exchange would be great, for example. Bluetooth voice dial would be great too, as would an option to use Bluetooth and Wifi simultaneously. So would control over the hard switches, allowing answering the phone by pressing the top, volume, or scroll control, e.g. (Also, though admittedly in the toy category, better native control over the camera would be good too--allowing a screen tap to snap the photo or an in-camera saturation control.) Any of these included? Anything else?


text:
Puppy: Leila
Website: www.flickr.com/photos/duo
Friends: 0
Member Since: May 6, 2008Add to Friends
Leila the Dog has had many, many wonderful nicknames in the last year since she was adopted from the Anti-Cruelty Society in Chicago. Mostly, she goes by "Leila-Bean", "Beaner-Butt" or plenty of similar variations. Another common nickname was given to her by her mommy's boyfriend, "Pete", for no apparent reason but possibly a reference to Spider-Man (Peter 'Barker', could be Spider-Man's dog?). When Leila is loved, she can go by "Puppy Wuppy" or "Little Guy". On the seldom occasion she goes potty in the house, Leila adopts the nickname,"Hey! Asshole!"View Profile


text:
Nothing equals KREOSOTUM for the vomiting in Gastric Carcinoma.
Dr. Kent.
Susann LaverieEveryone including Drs have treated this woman in a terrible way .luckily it was my question not hers one more snotty less than helpful person she does not have to endure. I saw no answer here and was looking for some direction to give her. Not a judgement. How unkind and unhelpful. I am sure I will not expect kindness from the homeopathic community. I do hope your superior knowledge and attitude make you happy
when you have serious, life-threatening disease of this proportion, go to a homeopath not to facebook.
Nice tip thank you
Thanks for clinical tip on carcinoma.
Autism not autos
I wonder if anyone knows if this is the remedy for creosote poisoning I know it is more involved . I know of a family debilitated by living in a cabin built from creosote soaked logs no access to homeopath. Mom has been given six months. She has everything wrong all auto immune diagnosis ms. Thyroid nodes all kids have autos in. They are barely hanging on any advice would be appreciated. Janet Hull


text: Build your own authentically detailed Porsche Carrera with this great construction kit from Bburago. Perfect for beginners and experts alike, this 1:18 scale model of the popular sports car and features opening doors, movable parts and a diecast body. The model makes a fantastic collectors item for a keen car enthusiast.


text:
Tag: roofs
Spanish Type Roofs Built-in With Photo voltaic In The Installation
Provided you are prepared for the additional leg work and higher up-entrance costs than these for standard constructing, the pay-off is lowered vitality and maintenance prices, elevated dwelling values and environmental protection. Plumbing stacks and chimneys are needed 'punctures' within the ceiling of a house. The ceiling air/vapour barrier may be nicely sealed to plumbing stacks and vents but the pipes must be securely mounted so that expansion and contraction doesn't break the seal. An growth joint, positioned within the warm inside, can accommodate pipe movement in order that it doesn't affect the ceiling joint.
If you agree on the amount of labor you hold again 15% and pay him per week later. You all the time need to verify the amount of labor he has carried out is more than what you pay him for. Different sensible he has no incentive to come back. I don't have a lot to place in, I actually begin tmrw. I have no retail experience what so ever which made me nervous for the interview for the questions. I'm 29 and a veteran, so that they let me answer the questions from my military experience which I used to be glad.
Be especially considerate of the light into your own home. Blocking views from generally used windows will disappoint your general enjoyment of your house and your stunning new room. Stroll via your home and research every window that's affected with the pending new structure. Don't ignore lighting. Lighting does have an effect on your selections of colours. Earlier than making final alternatives, observe how colors look within the room at different occasions of the day.
Arbitrary Skepticism : Discussed at length. When Wilson confided to Tim that he once saw a UFO, Tim relayed the knowledge to his ironmongery store group who … Read More ...
Spanish Model Roofs Built-in With Photo voltaic In The Installation
Get inspired to begin a house improvement mission by searching these footage, concepts and videos. On Instrument Time, Tim makes a joke about butt cracks being visible when wearing a device belt. This is the extent of comedy the writers have been striving for. The project for the episode of the show within a show is to drill a gap by means of a door. Al brings out a drill, but Tim is method too masculine for that pussy shit, so he will get a drill that REAL males would use!
A method you may cleverly deduct your private home improvement price range is to roll it into your mortgage once you buy a house. This won't appear to be the most genius plan; you are still paying for the price of repairs, after all, and getting an even bigger mortgage to cowl these repairs means you'll be paying extra in interest. However remember that when you itemize your deductions , you possibly can write off the price of your mortgage curiosity cost. Add the cost of enhancements to your mortgage, and that write-off can enhance.
It's officially Spring! It's that fantastic time of 12 months after we can lastly open our house's home windows, let the recent air in, and bask in the warm spring sun. Regardless that a rule was put in place that solely schools from Allen's house state of Michigan would get the free advertising , the costume department supervisor was by chance allowed to provide the go-ahead to put Allen in a Wofford Faculty sweatshirt in the 1996 episode Al's Video." Wofford Faculty is in Spartanburg, South Carolina.
Before purchasing main appliances or heating and ventilating gear, take into account some fundamental questions and information that will have an effect on your selections. Buy from … Read More ...


text:
Beef 27 Ways: The Pioneer Woman's Meatiest Recipes
The ultimate in versatility, beef gets a starring role in Ree Drummond's family-friendly picks like comforting stew and quick-fix tacos.
Photo By: Marshall Troy ©2012, Television Food Network, G.P. All Rights Reserved.
Photo By: Matt Armendariz ©2014, Television Food Network, G.P. All Rights Reserved.
Photo By: Matt Armendariz ©2014, Television Food Network, G.P. All Rights Reserved
Photo By: Pacific TV
Photo By: Pacific TV
©2013,Television Food Network, G.P. All Rights Reserved
Get the Recipe: Meatloaf
Beef Noodle Salad Bowls with Peanut Sauce
"You can make the steak and noodles well in advance of when you want to serve them," Ree notes of two components of her fuss-free lunch. When it's time to eat, just slice the steak, combine it with the noodles and add the savory peanut butter-ginger sauce.
Get the Recipe: Beef Noodle Salad Bowls with Peanut Sauce
Short Rib Sandwiches
After a few hours of simmering in a red wine bath, the short ribs become tender and succulent — and the ideal centerpiece for a meaty sandwich.
Get the Recipe: Short Rib Sandwiches
Teriyaki Beef Stir-Fry
Get the Recipe: Teriyaki Beef Stir-Fry
Slow-Cooker Sunday Stew
Get the Recipe: Slow-Cooker Sunday Stew
Fajita Nachos
Get the Recipe: Fajita Nachos
Beef Pot Pies
Get the Recipe: Beef Pot Pies
Asian Beef Skewers
Get the Recipe: Asian Beef Skewers
Beef Stew with Root Vegetables
Get the Recipe: Beef Stew with Root Vegetables
Chicken-Fried Steak with Gravy
Get the Recipe: Chicken Fried Steak with Gravy
Perfect Pot Roast
Get the Recipe: Perfect Pot Roast
Simple, Perfect Chili
Get the Recipe: Simple, Perfect Chili
Rib-Eye Steak with Onion Blue Cheese Sauce
Get the Recipe: Rib Eye Steak with Onion Blue Cheese Sauce
Beth's Brisket
Get the Recipe: Beth's Brisket
Beef with Snow Peas
Get the Recipe: Beef with Snow Peas
Burgundy Beef Stew
Get the Recipe: Burgundy Beef Stew
Red Wine Pot Roast
Get the Recipe: Red Wine Pot Roast
Rib-Eye Quesadillas
Get the Recipe: Rib-Eye Quesadillas
Baked Ziti
Get the Recipe: Baked Ziti
Salisbury Steak
Get the Recipe: Salisbury Steak
Cowboy Nachos
Get the Recipe: Cowboy Nachos
Smashed Burgers
Get the Recipe: Smashed Burgers
Beef with Broccoli
Get the Recipe: Beef With Broccoli
Comfort Meatballs
Get the Recipe: Comfort Meatballs
Beef Stroganoff
Get the Recipe: Beef Stroganoff
Beef Tacos
Get the Recipe: Beef Tacos
Tenderloin Sandwiches
Get the Recipe: Tenderloin Sandwiches
Want More of The Pioneer Woman?
More: The Pioneer Woman


text:
- select colour
it's an internet thing!
it's an internet thing!
10:21 20 April 2013
Sir Chris Hoy, who has won 19 international gold medals, has announced his retirement from international competition after competing for 11 years. The 37-year-old Scot was expected to compete at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow.
Explaining his decision, he said: "I wanted to get a medal for Scotland. I didn't think I could so wanted someone else to take my place."
He added: "It is a hard time - it is one moment at the end of your career when you say 'enough is enough."
"It's a decision that I didn't take lightly and I thought about it very hard. In sport at the highest level you are dealing in the smallest margins and you can tell when you are good but not good enough."
Industry experts have nothing but praises for Sir Chris. British Olympic Association chairman Lord Coe praised his commitment to excellence while Sir Dave Brailsford, the director of the Great Britain cycling team, said that he couldn't speak highly enough of Hoy.
Sir Chris revealed what he wants to do after his retirement. He He told the BBC in their report: "I'm looking forward to spending time with [wife] Sarra and putting something else in my life ahead of cycling.
"People say cycling is a sacrifice - it's not a sacrifice, you choose to do it. But every decision in your life is based around the sport."
Disclaimer: Supanet is not responsible for, and disclaims any and all liability for the content of comments written by contributors to this website


text:
Results 1 to 1 of 1
Thread: AS400 Help (newbie)
08-29-08, 07:15 #1Registered User
- Join Date
- Aug 2008
- Posts
- 1
Unanswered: AS400 Help (newbie)
I have created an AS400 query that is ran daily and combines two files. One contains qty on hand and the other contains what is shipping that week. Is it possible to subtract each date from the qty on hand to show what is needed for what date?
Thanks in Advance
Last edited by kennon454; 08-31-08 at 03:54.


text:
One of the car brands that waves its nation's flag most proudly, Jeep have cornered the American part of the automobile industry with a consistent production of bold and burly cars and trucks since they were founded in 1941. Their deep connection with the American military also cements the brand's name for stability and durability; the name 'Jeep' being derived from the military designation 'Government Purposes'.
As a global leader in manufacturing rugged and impressive off-roaders and 4x4s, Jeep's reputation precedes itself in whatever territory their vehicles are sold in. Global sales figures for all Jeep models show that more than 86,000 vehicles were sold during 2015, claiming 0.62% of the market share (European Car Sales Data - Jeep; online at http://left-lane.com/european-car-sales-data/jeep/). Some of the Jeep models included in these statistics are the Grand Cherokee, Renegade and Compass; all of which are available via the Creditplus car search.
Jeep may now have a reliable reputation, but its history is somewhat turbulent. As the US edged closer to becoming involved in the Second World War, a suitable reconnaissance vehicle was needed for its military. Out of the numerous companies that were contacted for help, the American Bantam Car Company and Willys-Overland responded. After negotiations and a successful prototype delivery, production was arranged between Willys-Overland and Ford. It's this collaborative success that today's Jeep models are based on. While both companies were a good match, they each had subtle differences to the Jeeps they made. For example, both stamped their own marque's names on each of their components.
In the post-war years, Jeep models were widely available as surplus vehicles. Their popularity grew globally, so much so that their design was copied in both France and Japan. In the decades that have followed, Jeep have become renowned for manufacturing smart, attractive off-roaders, and have also been involved with a number of different car manufacturers. Just one of these included Mitsubishi who, between 1953 and 1998, built more than 30 different Jeep models in Japan.
Despite Jeep's historic link to the US military, the brand has been superseded in recent years by the HMMWV - High-Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicle - or, as it's more commonly known, the Humvee. The 2008 war film The Hurt Locker - which depicted an Iraq War Explosive Ordnance Disposal team - featured a Humvee as the EOD's reconnaissance vehicle.


text:
Motac XDC 3D Slim Chino
TRY 359.95 including tax
MOTAC DC 3DThe Motac translates biker-inspired principles of ergonomics into a fully articulated denim garment. Integrated rib panels allow for unrestricted movement, resulting in a garment which challenges the conventions of denim design.
Step into the future of chino design with the Motac. Combining a rigid look with soft, articulated joints, the Motac offers sports-level comfort in a contemporary design. Jeans-style pocketing keeps things tough. While advanced ergonomics gives a sharp silhouette that moves with you.
Slim 3D Fit
- Fitted waistband
- Long rise
- Legs narrow towards the ankles
Model is 1.89m and is wearing a size 32/32 (Waist 77cm, Hips 94cm). See size guide
Premium Micro-Stretch Twill
The Motac XDC 3D Slim Chino is constructed from finely woven twill with a soft hand-feel.
- Compact twill
- Soft and comfortable
- 97% cotton, 3% elastane
Washing instructions
- 30° mild process
- Do not bleach
- Do not tumble dry
- Low temperature iron 110°
- Do not dry clean
- Line dry/hang to dry
- Wash inside out
- Wash separately or with similar colours
- Do not iron print, trims and accessories
- Contains non-textile parts of animal origin
Art. nr.: D07015-5126-990


text:
- Price: $399,900
- 214 Larkton Place
- City: Franklin
- Subdivision: Jackson Lake Sec 1
- County: Williamson County
- Bedrooms: 3
- Bathrooms: 3.00
- Type: Residential
- Elementary: Walnut Grove Elementary
- Middle: Grassland Middle School
- High: Franklin High School
Jackson Lake Real Estate
Search Jackson Lake homes for sale & real estate in Franklin, TN. Get exclusive information about Jackson Lake properties, or schedule a home showing today - contact your Franklin real estate specialists now!
Homes for Sale in Jackson Lake Franklin
Jackson Lake real estate market statistics: As of November 24, 2017 there are 1 active properties for sale in Jackson Lake with an average listing price of $399,900. The highest-priced property listing is $399,900, while the lowest priced property can be purchased for $399,900. Properties in Jackson Lake have an average price of $178 per square foot, based on listings with an average of 3.0 bedrooms, 3.0 bathrooms, and 2,242 square feet of living space.
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See TODAY's New Listings, search by beds/baths, home & lot size, listing status, days on market & more!
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Looking to sell or buy a home in Jackson Lake? Call The Ashton Real Estate Group of RE/MAX Advantage, your neighborhood Franklin real estate team at (615) 301-1650. We are Jackson Lake REALTORS® and experts on the Nashville, TN housing market.
Jackson Lake Real Estate Agents
Thinking of buying or selling a home in Jackson Lake? Let our local Franklin real estate agents help guide you through the purchase of your next property or expertly negotiate the sale of your current Jackson Lake home. As local Jackson Lake RE/MAX agents and real estate agents, we're experts on the market dynamics unique to the Franklin Jackson Lake real estate market. We'll get to work for you today!
Contact The Ashton Real Estate Group of RE/MAX Advantage to learn more about buyer or seller representation. Planning to sell your Jackson Lake home? Contact us to learn more about the possible resale value of your Jackson Lake home!
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Franklin Featured Neighborhoods
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The data relating to real estate for sale on this web site comes in part from the Internet Data Exchange Program of RealTracs Solutions. Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than The Ashton Real Estate Group of RE/MAX Advantage are marked with the Internet Data Exchange Program logo or thumbnail logo and detailed information about them includes the name of the listing brokers.
Disclaimer: All information is believed to be accurate but not guaranteed and should be independently verified. All properties are subject to prior sale, change or withdrawal.
Copyright 2017 RealTracs Solutions.
Listing information last updated on November 24th, 2017 at 6:02pm CST.


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Is our relationship doomed?(80 Posts)
Hi, I posted a few days ago about my partner wanting me to leave his house, but stay together.
Brief recap; we have only been together for two months but had already talked about moving in together, which was his suggestion. He seemed really keen and planning the future, then I went to stay the weekend with my three children and we argued loads, due to stress on my part caused by other issues I was having to deal with at the time. He said it might be better not to move in together just yet, I agreed, and then my ex attacked me one night at home and when I told my partner as I was really shaken up, he said he would pick us up that night and we would live with him...but if he or I couldn't handle it at any point, I would have to make alternative arrangements.
We have argued a lot...well, bickered with a couple of massive rows thrown in, caused by me and where I said some awful, hurtful things that have stayed with him. He is worried I am using him for somewhere to stay (not true at all) but says he still loves me more than anything, wants to stay together but I need to get my own place so he can have his space, get used to the idea of living together and build our relationship.
We talked last night. We haven't argued for the past couple of days and now his teenage daughter has come to live with him too. She has a few issues and part of the reason for asking me to leave, was so he could dedicate attention to her.
I like his daughter, she copes well with my children and helps look after them (just little things like talking to them if they're playing up, that kind of thing) and I seem to be getting on okay with her. She's a great kid.
When we talked last night, he said "I wanted everything to be perfect but I'm just rubbish. All the feelings I had for you are still there just the same, but the stresses of life get to me and make me say the wrong things".
He also said this situation is hard for him...I've been a single parent for seven years so am used to it, but he isn't and just the constant noise, people around all the time (it's a relatively small house) is difficult for him to handle. He says that even talking to me without children screaming in the background all the time is hard and he wishes he could just do that one small thing.
I asked how he can see me as often as he used to, with my children and now his daughter (who only came to live with him last weekend).
He reckons he can still see me 3-4 times a week and still stay over at my house, but I don't think he can as I have issues with him leaving his 13 year old, home alone while he does those things. Especially overnight.
I asked if he ever saw us living together and he said maybe in 6 months once we have built our relationship more and gets used to the idea of living together with the children and the noise, etc.
But in my mind, he's had two weeks so far to get used to it, and is likely to have a few more weeks of it because I can't move out right away, and he said I can stay until I find somewhere else.
What do you think, do you think that he will ever get used to the noise and having so many people around in order to allow us to live together in the future, or has his experience with us here now ruined our future?
"He's had two weeks to get used to it".
In the great scheme of things that's no time at all. The last time you posted about this situation the overwhelming majority advised you to start making plans for providing your own roof over your head rahher than imposing you and your brood on someone who is barely more than a stranger. What have you done to secure one? Or are you going to stay in limpet-mode and remain where it's clear you're not wanted?
Two months together is not long enough to be a foundation for blended families. Why are you in such a hurry?
Two months in and you put 3 kids on him, he's perfectly entitled to not want to put up with it. Why are you in such a rush. Now after two weeks you want him to get used to it. There's nothing wrong in wanting his own dd to be priority.
I think he is making it very clear that, right now, he does not want to live with you.
If you try to cling on and stay, then yes I think it's doomed.
But once established in your own home, you and he can see if you can get things back on track.
I can't believe you think it's a good idea to move in with a new partner two months in when you have kids. Of course you have no idea if you are long term compatible at that stage. You need to provide a stable base for your kids and you can't do that of you're looking to be 'rescued' by the first man that comes along.
So what are you asking this time round?
2 months and arguing - not a good start really.
And what is wrong in dating, why do you have to move you and your three kids in on top of him, esp when he has a young girl to take care of now.
You seem determined to bulldozer your way into his home regardless.
Can't you just date and live in separate homes?
So are you living with him right now?
Bloody hell, where is your dignity?? I am embarrassed for you, reading this post. For goodness sake, the longer you stay, the more doomed you are. Get OUT of his house!
I remember your post. You treated his house like emergency accommodation and now you want to stay. You need to find somewhere else to live. Soon. Honestly, I'd feel put out if I was in his shoes.
It wasn't a good idea for the OP to move in but was precipitated by DV with her exP or exH, I can't remember. I can't think of anything worse than a new partner, only two months into dating, turning up on the doorstep with a bunch of kids in tow.
He's been very kind up to now but the longer you stay under his feet where you are not wanted, the more likely it is that he'll just end things with you once and for all. And I wouldn't blame him.
Yes, I think this relationship is doomed because you, and to some extent your boyfriend, appear to have abandoned both boundaries and priorities.
You really do need to find you and your children somewhere permanent to live.
Then you can date. But you are right about one thing - your boyfriend shouldn't even be contemplating leaving his daughter alone overnight when she has only just started living with him and she is 14.
And yes disgusting that he's even contemplating leaving a 13 year old home alone.
His isn't going to pan out the way you want it to. He's made his feelings clear.. you have to leave. It was never supposed to be permanent and your kids need some security.
And don't take the stay until you find somewhere to mean you've got tons of time or you may find yourself with a solid deadline in the middle of an argument.
Your relationship is over because you are forcing yourself into his life. Your ex attacked you. Why did you not call the police and have him removed from the family home? I think you just aren't going to take no for answer and will continue to crow bar yourself into his life and living situation until he can barely stand the sight of you.
Are you even thinking of your dc at all? What do you think they are learning watching their mother behave in this way.
Get out of his house immediately, then see of there's anything left to salvage. Honestly I can sense this poor mans desperation from here.
Two months together is so little time, and two weeks to get used to living with you and your kids is nothing. You honestly can't just fling families together and expect it to be going smoothly a fortnight later. At that stage I don't know that I would even have introduced him to my kids as my boyfriend, much less moved in with him! Honestly, OP, I think you both need to take it much more slowly - he's got the right idea at this point. Find yourself a place to live, see him when you can both manage it, and give it time to develop before you launch into making a home together.
OP, just to put this into perspective. I have been with my 'OH' for nearly a year. He is a single parent, and so am I.
We are lucky if we spend a night a week together at the moment. This is because the children - even the older 18+ ones - always come first. They just have to. I don't particularly like that I don't see him much right now - but I'd like it a lot less if he wasn't the kind of responsible man who put his own children first. This is particularly relevant where kids have been through their own parents' divorce / splitting up.
We wouldn't dream of trying to live together. It would be too soon, too chaotic, too selfish. Maybe one day ... if it's right, it can wait a while.
It doesn't look good to be fair
You really have to move into your own place with your children and concentrate on them for a while. It sounds like they have been through a really unsettled time and probably need some stability before you get too serious with your current partner.
I think you are being ridiculous by trying to force a family set up with someone you have been dating for 8 fucking weeks. It's absurd! I feel so sorry for your children. They must be so confused.
I thought this had to be a wind up.. if not;
1) you need to put your children first. You don't know this bloke from Adam. They have just been through one emotional trauma. Why on earth would you then move them straight in with the first bloke that comes along?
2) You've frightened him off. Even if you would have been perfect for one another you've forced yourself & your kids on him
3) Why would any responsible adult even contemplate leaving their 13year old alone so that he can spend the night with his girlfriend?
4) You both need to grow up and stop being so utterly selfish. Your kids will remember all this nonsense when they're older .
I hear stories like this over & over again. Ridiculous women who can't exist without a man.
On this thread and the last, I think you are seeing this man as a 'meal ticket', who will provide accommodation for your family. Having rushed to move in, putting him under pressure, you now won't move out. He doesn't want you there - can't you see that?
I think it's unfair to say I rushed to move in.
He brought the idea up in the first place and then after my ex attacked me (and there's other stuff with the house meaning it was unsuitable for me to stay there...just trust me on that please), he suggested that he would come and get us, and we would live with him. He was even telling the kids that it was a permanent thing...they asked, I didn't realise he had told them that.
Well he's changed his mind once faced with the reality. It's sad for you but really was always the most likely option. If I were you I would leaving skid marks trying to move out and away from someone who didn't really want me or my dc.
You keep saying HE said this, well maybe he did but now he's saying something else so listen to THAT and give him his home back!
Just because he suggested it, it doesn't mean you had to move in. Why didn't you consider the potential impact of moving your DCs in with a total stranger? You would be better off concentrating on trying to provide some stability for them rather than obsessing over the future of your 8 week relationship.
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Finding true love may not be too easy but if there is a desire to discover nothing less than the very best soul-mate, even fortune has to bow down to the quest. So, what if you haven't yet found your ideal partner? You are never too late for love…
There are a number of iPhone dating apps which provide wonderful chance to meet your match. Out of that plethora of options, these are by far the best picks. Simply sign up in the app, create an impressive profile and you are ready to go. All set to get started? Let me walk along with you as well!
Best Dating Apps for iPhone
#1. Tinder
Tinder is our first choice, not because it is good, but because it guarantees that the person you're going to date is good. Tinder provides the thrill and at the same time makes sure that no less than one of your Facebook friends knows the individual you want to hook up with. What's more, a simple and straightforward interface adds to its value. You just have to swipe left to disregard and swipe right to connect!
Price: Free
Download Tinder
#2. OkCupid Dating
OkCupid sagaciously stacks up against the app we mentioned above, Tinder. All online dating fans are constantly content with this app, in light of the fact that it has great future for straight, gay, and bisexual people as well. Since this app is exceptionally mainstream, you get to choose from a substantial gathering of individuals, and this builds the chance that you'll discover your ideal soulmate.
Price: Free
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#3. Match™ – Dating App
One thing that helped this app make its place in this list is the fact that it keeps getting better. It's pretty, has a clear interface, and above all, shows enormous photographs of people. The best part, this app is a part of the same network that Tinder is, so this makes everything considerably all the more intriguing and secure. So why not through in a photo and get indulged?
Price: Free
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#4. Zoosk – #1 Dating App
This app incorporates the phrase "#1 dating app" in the name itself so there must not be a need of clarification about its usefulness. They claim to have over 25 million clients around the globe that together make up a "Behavioral Matchmaking" engine. Messaging others and browsing profiles are free, and this is the thing that brings about a noticeable improvement in dating.
Price: Free
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#5. Coffee Meets Bagel
Coffee Meets Bagel not only has large user base but also has good authority, as it was recently featured in a Yahoo! Article about hookup apps. The app brings to the table two approaches to discover individuals to date, either from your Facebook or your contacts. Additionally, the extensive user base takes on the hero's role with this free app.
Price: Free
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POF offers a good chance to find your special match. View the profiles and get hooked on the one you like most. You can send/receive unlimited messages for free. With the dating app having a lot of users, you are never out of the run. Besides, you have the option to upgrade the app using in-app purchases.
Price: Free
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#7. Sway – Swipe, Chat, & Date with Video
This free app is similar to Tinder with video and helps you discover new partners. You simply need to swipe past the pictures and meet intriguing singles through 6 seconds delightful looping videos and day by day proposed matches. One more thing, if you incidentally swipe excessively quick, you can shake your phone to get another opportunity to say yes!
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LOVOO can keep you entire occupied day! The best part is that you get to meet and date interesting individuals near you. This application makes it delightful as well as keeps you updated with its status bar notifications. You must give it a go, who knows the person you're looking for lives just the next door?
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#9. YoCutie – Flirt, Chat & Dating
As the name suggests, this is the app you'll be requiring if you want to date a cutie! YoCutie is your new definition of Flirt App! The great about it is that you get only in touch with individuals that you're truly keen on. Along with these lines, you will never get a message from somebody who you don't like. Essentially swipe through pictures and videos of other Cuties, set Yo's and as soon as there is a YoCutie Match you can start getting in touch.
Price: Free
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#10. Happn
Happn is really cool (and hot as well) in light of the fact that it offers some brain blowing peculiarities. At whatever point you stroll past an alternate Happn client in the city, their profile pops up on your screen. This gives you the ideal icebreaker to talk with a passing hottie, and who knows where that first conversation might lead?
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That's all for now! So, which one of these dating apps have got your vote?
You would like to have a look at these related posts like best party planner apps for iPhone.
Have any feedback? We would be glad to know that in the comments.


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Edging on year two of My Soulful Home. Cliche', but time does fly, especially when you are busy as a bee.
Let's see some of what we busied ourselves with in 2014…
We learned to grow things, like lilacs, garlic & complied the 'Ultimate Tomato Growing Guide'.
Went viral with a repurpose.
Squeezed in some sweets.
Looked at things in a different way more than a few times.
Blew, or shall I say glued, a kiss or two.
Took a hike in England.
Got caffeinated
..and went nuts.
Relaxed in Maui.
Redecorated a room.
Met some spectacular women here, here & here.
We did all this & so much more…
and grew & grew to include all of you.
Thank you for reading, commenting, engaging & inspiring me.
My Soulful Home is your soulful home.
As we look forward to the new year, I will leave you with this thought…


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Particle Physics & Astrophysics
Three Ways to Bust Ghostly Dark Matter
Dark matter hunters around the world pursue three approaches to look for fingerprints of ghostly WIMPs: on the Earth's surface, underground and in space.
Symmetry: This Radioactive Life
Radiation is everywhere. The question is: How much?
Symmetry: Our Imperfect Vacuum
The emptiest parts of the universe aren't so empty after all.
Symmetry: Is the Neutrino its Own Antiparticle?
The mysterious particle could hold the key to why matter won out over antimatter in the early universe.
A Speed Trap for Dark Matter
Analyzing the motion of X-ray sources could help researchers identify dark matter signals.
Roger Blandford Wins Prestigious Swedish Prize in Astronomy
Roger Blandford, professor of physics, has been awarded the 2016 Crafoord prizes in astronomy from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
Symmetry: Exploring the Dark Universe with Supercomputers
Next-generation telescopic surveys will work hand-in-hand with supercomputers to study the nature of dark energy.
SLAC's Stanley Brodsky Shares Pomeranchuk Prize for Theoretical Physics
He is being honored for the development of theories that help researchers better understand nature's fundamental particles and forces.
Fermi Space Telescope Sharpens its High-energy Vision
Fermi scientist Matthew Wood discusses major improvements to the Fermi Large Area Telescope, including increasing its sensitivity to the equivalent of launching another LAT.
Symmetry: How to Wrangle a Particle
Learn some particle accelerator basics from a Fermilab accelerator operator.


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Facebook's Latest E-Commerce Initiative Aims to Transform its Users into Shoppers
Last year, Facebook introduced the "buy" call-to-action button to its ads and Page posts, enabling desktop and mobile users to make purchases directly from merchants without leaving Facebook. Recently, Facebook announced via BuzzFeed (@BuzzFeed) that it would be taking its e-commerce initiative even further by establishing virtual stores within Facebook Pages.
Alex Kantrowitz (@Kantrowitz), senior technology reporter for BuzzFeed News, called these virtual stores "e-commerce sites that give businesses a chance to set up second homes within [Facebook Pages'] walls." The initiative is still in its early testing phase, and is so hush-hush that Facebook has yet to reveal the list of merchants who're participating in the project.
Figure 1 is a mock-up of Facebook's new e-commerce initiative (which was published on BuzzFeed News). It's clear from the mock-up that shops will appear directly below the "About" section.
"With the shop section on the page, we're now providing businesses with the ability to showcase their products directly on the page," Emma Rodgers, Facebook Product Marketing Manager, told BuzzFeed News.
If virtual stores within Facebook Pages takes off, it could radically change the way merchants sell products to customers online, as well as the way customers discover and purchase products online. Facebook would be transformed from a social media channel that nurtures leads into a channel that converts leads into customers.
Will Facebook Lead the Social Commerce Revolution? Experts Provide Conflicting Opinions
In an online discussion that took place on RetailWire (@retailwire), panelists on the RetailWire BrainTrust provided conflicting opinions about Facebook's ability to transform its users into shoppers.
Chris Petersen of Integrated Marketing Solutions, believes that Facebook's buy button would work best for impulse purchases, or when consumers are at the point in their purchase paths when they're ready to buy. Due to these limitations, the Facebook buy button probably won't be a significant source of retail sales—at least not at the moment.
"How many times do you go onto Facebook looking for product pages or purchase options? Even if a friend recommends something, where do you go? Typically not a product page on Facebook!"
Other pundits provided less than positive opinions. Tom Redd of SAP (@SAP) highlighted the lack of security and invasion of privacy presented by Facebook's increasing ventures into e-commerce.
After [consumers] see and learn how Facebook is going deeper into their lives and personal data as they shop via Facebook it will stop. Even Millennials will start to say NO MORE. Once the scams with shopping on Facebook hit and the lack of security shows it will all come to a screechin' halt.
Ralph Jacobson of IBM (@IBM) provides a more positive analysis. Jacobson notes that Facebook has made great strides to ensure that it's helping marketers and merchants deliver more personalized and targeted ads to their audiences. Facebook's latest e-commerce initiative could successfully drive conversions and sales for merchants.
For more in-depth analysis, check out George Anderson's article on Forbes (@Forbes).
Will Facebook's latest e-commerce initiative drive sales for different merchants? State your opinions in the Comments section below.
Marketing Digest Writing Team
Latest posts by Marketing Digest Writing Team (see all)
- How Taco Bell Struck Gold with Its Memorable Viral Marketing Campaigns - September 15, 2015
- Salesforce Marketing Cloud Releases New Instagram Marketing Tools - September 12, 2015
- Chrome Begins Pausing Flash Ads by Default to Improve User Experience - September 3, 2015


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Todd Crocker has had a diverse career so far, but on Wednesday, he's heading to Las Vegas to do something he's never done before. He's presenting his film at a film festival.
The Ancaster filmmaker's documentary short film about trapping in northern Ontario is being presented at Cine Fest in Nevada. Crocker made The Trapline earlier this year on a shoestring budget when he spent two days with his brother Mark north of Parry Sound.
It's an exciting landmark for the videographer and broadcaster, who owns From Thin Air Pictures.
"Many times in my career, I have come to the edge of something and leapt off, saying 'what the heck,'" Crocker said. "Many times, it doesn't work out. But I think this has already worked out."
Crocker is a familiar voice in Hamilton. He calls Hamilton Bulldogs and McMaster Marauder games for Cable 14, as well as working on the station's election coverage. He is the former Bulldogs head of broadcasting and one-time director of operations for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. He has also hosted hockey shows such as Inside the AHL and Rinkside.
From the festival schedule description:
The Trapline — A journey of understanding into the world of trappers and the way they are perceived by a reality adverse social agenda. The skeptical film maker is reluctant to follow his brother, the trapper, around but finds that the job is not at all what the protesters have made it out to be. The Trapline is the side of the debate that has not been heard.
He decided to make The Trapline after Mark, "the world's only trapper/comedian," invited him to document the trapping life.
The trouble with winter
Troy Izlaker edited and shot much of the film. Crocker and Izlaker spent long days trekking through snowy areas around Shebeshekong Lake, where trappers catch bear, wolf, fishers and other wildlife.
Crocker's eyes were opened. The trappers, licensed and strictly regulated by the Ministry of Natural Resources, are environmentalists and animal lovers, he said. They feel maligned by protesters who let large environmental evils pass without criticism.
"Their take is 'Why don't you go after a 100,000-acre farm? That's robbed habitat and killed more animals than we ever did,'" he said. "I think what galls them is the hypocrisy."
Crocker trekked over tough terrain. Nearly every member of the crew fell through the ice, including Izlaker, who was holding a camera. They wanted to film longer, but mild temperatures thawed the ice and snow.
"It just wasn't cold enough," he said.
Two more films
Crocker submitted the 28-minute film to a dozen film festivals, most of which passed based on the subject matter. It is still under consideration by three others.
Since February, Crocker has made two more short films. He's planning a short fictional one that deals with hockey as a childhood touchstone.
The Trapline will screen in Vegas on Wednesday afternoon. It is part of the film festival competition, but Crocker said winning is not the point.
"I don't think you can go into a film festival and think 'I would like to win our category,'" he said. "I'm already pretty satisfied with being accepted."


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Featured Business Management Degree Programs
Those looking to further their careers in the field of accounting have a few choices to consider. You can attend a mediocre school or you can seek out the best. Many factors are involved in making this decision including: your drive to make it to the top, your location or where you can see yourself in the future (maybe New York?), what you can afford, etc. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, job growth in the accounting field has an exceptional outlook over the next decade.
The demand for skilled accountants is strong and you could see yourself climbing the ladder of success by advancing to the top positions in a company or organization, such as the CEO of a corporation or, better yet, being THE boss by starting your own accounting firm!
The median salary for graduates with the advanced degree in Master's in Accounting with jobs as auditors or accountants is approximately $60,000 and for those seeking "the top" as I mentioned before, you could be looking at over $100,000 per year. Be prepared to take and pass the CPA exam to even be considered as a candidate to make this kind of dough!
In no particular order (as they are all tops in the field), please take a seat and a few moments to learn all of the exciting aspects of each of these top contenders….your future depends on it!
The University of Texas – Austin
McCombs School of Business
Established in 1922, McCombs School of Business offers courses in not only the city of Austin, but also in Dallas, Houston and internationally in Mexico City and is the oldest public business school in Texas. McCombs is also the home of approximately 12,000 students per year attending the elite business school as undergraduates, master's, and doctoral students.
Program Standouts:
Widely recognized as one of the leaders in graduate accounting programs in the U.S., McCombs' Master in Professional Accounting and has three different tracks to choose from:
- Traditional: The Traditional path is for those whom have already received their Bachelor's in any academic discipline and can earn their Master's in Public Accounting in as little as 9 months to 18 months. Students whom have a degree specifically in accounting may qualify for a course waiver in order to complete a 31-hour program. Those whom do not have an associated Bachelor's degree in the field can typically complete the 43-hour program. For Acceptance and Admittance details regarding the Traditional track, please click here.
- Integrated: Haven't yet received your BBA in Accounting? This is the track for you… combining your bachelor's with your master's at McCombs School of Business is time and money savings for you. This is a fall-semester admittance time only program. For more detailed information regarding the Acceptance and Admittance policy, please kindly click here.
- Econ-MPA: This path allows you to combine a BA in Economics with a MPA in as little as five years. There are several benefits to this program and by clicking here you can read about all of the details.
- Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
- AACSB International (The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business),
Estimated Program Costs: Tuition is determined by your state of residency….those living in the state of Texas will pay a lower rate than those not residing in Texas…
- Total Tuition for the 31-hour program – Texas resident = $22,969 … Non-resident = $39,865
- Total Tuition for the 43-hour program – Texas resident = $35,626 … Non-resident = $57,294
Faculty: The MPA program is taught by a group of elite, internationally-renowned teaching staff. Instructors for the program have a vast knowledge of all areas of accounting and are cited as being one of the most captivating reasons for pursuing an MPA at The McCombs School of Business.
For more information regarding The University of Texas-Austin's McCombs School of Business, start your research by clicking here
University of Pennsylvania
Wharton School of Business
Overview: The Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania is the world's first collegiate business school in the US, established in 1881. Joseph Wharton, the business school's founder and namesake, defined the goal of the school was "to provide for young men special means of training and of correct instruction in the knowledge and in the arts of modern Finance and Economy, both public and private, in order that, being well informed and free from delusions upon these important subjects, they may either serve the community skillfully as well as faithfully in offices of trust, or, remaining in private life, may prudently manage their own affairs and aid in maintaining sound financial morality: in short, to establish means for imparting a liberal education in all matters concerning Finance and Economy".
Program Standouts: Wharton's Master of Business Administration in Accounting offers a flexible curriculum that gives you the study you need to successfully become a CPA or a Chartered Management Accountant. Wharton also offers exclusive opportunities such as the Wharton International Volunteer Program and Global Career Treks as well as benefiting from access to Wharton's extensive accounting alumni network.
- Middle States Commission on Higher Education
- Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB International)
Tuition: To attend, tuition is approximately $62,400 per year
Faculty: Wharton School of Business houses over 225 professors with many members of the accounting department having been featured in impressive publications including The Accounting Review and Journal of Accounting and Economics making them one of the most published faculties.
To learn more about Wharton School of Businessand the University of Pennsylvania, please click here
The University of Chicago
Booth School of Business
Overview: The University of Chicago's Booth School of Business is a globally recognized graduate business school and is also known for its research conducted in the fields of accounting, finances, quantitative marketing research, and economics. It is the second-oldest business school in America and has the third largest endowment of any business school in the nation.
Program Standouts: In addition to a rigorous masters program, Booth School of Business also gives you a chance to use these skills outside of the classroom for that much needed hands-on approach that further develops your skills, as well as, networking and relationships. Groups and competitions that are available to enhance your studies include:
- Corporate Finance Group: Focusing on the field of finance, this student-run finance group delves into a variety of topics. Activities include: guest speakers, interview preparation studies, "Lunch-n-Learn" sessions, networking with other fellow members, as well as, sponsoring organizations and social happy hours.
- The Credit Restructuring Distressed Investing and Turnaround Group or CREDIT – This is a career-focused, student-led group whose mission is to educate members about all the aspects of the distressed investing and restructuring industry and turnaround and crisis management. As a member, you will gain ideas and connections that will better prepare you for your entrepreneurial careers.
- American Bankruptcy Institute Corporate Restructuring Competition – You will be competing against other business schools' students in this realistic business case involving a hypothetical, distressed company with judging performed by experts in the fields of turnaround/crisis management.
- North Central Association of Colleges and Schools
- Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business
Tuition: For Full-Time MBA students in 2015-16 is $6,398 per course.
Faculty: The professors teaching at the Booth School of Business aren't just teachers, they are known for their influences on many key aspects of the accounting field with their unprecedented research.
For more information and further highlights of the master's in accounting program, please follow this link to their website
University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign
College of Business at Illinois
Overview: The University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign is a state-of-the-art school that is currently ranked #5 in a nationwide survey in terms of ROI and has a 95% job placement rate for undergraduate students. They are a Research One university and a business school that takes a commanding lead in the fields of education and research.
Program Standouts: Illinois can hands down boast that they have more partners in the Big-Four CPA firms than from any other academic institution making them one of the largest suppliers of leaders in the profession of accounting. As an innovator in the field, students will take a journey through a vigorous curriculum, receiving hands-on training while building a solid foundation that will land them in careers in consulting, government, banking, public and corporate accounting and many more dedicated areas of expertise.
Benefit from the career center's devotion to your success and their high-tech educational facilities such as the Business Instructional Facility, the Market Information Lab and Campus Recreation, as well as,gain real-world experience through Illinois Business Consulting, which is an organization that will open doors for your career.
- Master of Accounting Science (MAS) – A one-year program designed for students with a BS in Accountancy from the University of Illinois whom are interested in careers pertaining to all facets of accountancy.
- Master of Science in Accountancy (MSA) – A one-year program designed for those with accountancy backgrounds that vary from a limited to a stronger background and is suitable for those with accountancy or non-accountancy undergraduate degrees. Also, if you plan to take the United States Uniform Certified Public Accountant (CPA) exam, this program provides what you need to successfully complete the exam as most graduates of this program have done before.
- North Central Association of Colleges and Schools
- Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business
Tuition: Academic year tuition for the MAS/MS in Accountancy-Tax is $23,250 for residents and $29,750 for non-residents.
Faculty: Described as "distinguished", "world renowned" and of "high-integrity", their faculty is unrivaled with their research and teaching expertise.
Want to learn more about The College of Business at Illinois? Click here!
University of Michigan – Ann Arbor
Stephen M. Ross School of Business
Overview: The University of Michigan – Ann Arbor, in general, has a very high graduation rate among its students and that, in itself, speaks volumes. They can also boast that 83.3% of their students with advanced degrees passed the CPA exam the first time in 2013.
Program Standouts: As an internationally recognized research institution with rigorous research activities, the Ross School of Business consults with corporations around the world and through teaching courses in Michigan's Executive Education program, which has the largest market share of any business school in the world. An impressive 93% of MAcc graduates received a job offer by graduation.
The Masters of Accounting degree (MAcc) consists of ten, challenging core and elective courses that peaks with a graduate research seminar in which students are given an opportunity to apply their knowledge and skills acquired through the program. A distinguishing feature of the Michigan Ross MAcc is the EY Accounting and Public Policy Symposium. Here, students will attend a graduate research seminar in Washington, D.C over Spring Break. Gain powerful knowledge through this action-based conference from top-level speakers and take trips to sites around the nation's capital.
- North Central Association of Colleges and Schools
- Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business
Tuition: 10 months to completion; $61,500 for in-state residents, $66,500 for non-residents
Faculty: The internationally recognized accounting faculty carries practical experience alongside excellent teaching skills, dedication to students and counseling throughout the program. They consists of leading experts in their fields and continue to strive on the cutting-edge of the industry. Rigorous requirements to teach at the school assures you that you are getting the utmost out of your professors that know the business inside and out.
If the idea of attending the Ross School of Business is something you'd like to seek further information regarding, please click here
Browse our Resources
- Get started with our Frequently Asked Questions section.
- Looking for the perfect online option? Searching for the perfect brick and mortar degree program? Visit our All Rankings page!
- Dig deeper with our business management school rankings per state.
- Please, visit our Ranking Methodology page to see how we retrieve our data.
- Visit our Features page for information ranging from "Starving Students" to "Startup Billionaires".
- Have suggestions for our page? Contact us! We'd love to hear from you!


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Lots of us have coaches or we are coaches, and today I saw two quotes that sum up the essence of wisdom for both the coach and the client. Here, see what you think -
Coach wisdom - "It's better to know the right questions than to have all the answers." Andrew Sobel and Gerald Panas
Client wisdom - "Clearly understanding the question is more than half the answer." Rabbi Mitterhoff