text:
Adapt Convex Barrier Rings
Box of 10
Product Overview
Invacare Supply Group Adapt Convex Barrier Rings
AllegroMedical.com offers The Adapt Convex Barrier Rings. Flexible, can be cut, bent, and stacked together to improve the fit of the skin barrier. Used to adjust skin barrier depth for deeper convexity. Create a custom fit, including oval-shaped convexity. Flexrend (extended wear) material, helps to prevent skin erosion.
- Inner Diameter 7/8 x 1 1/2"
- Style Stretch to 1 1/8 x 1 3/4"
- Type Oval
Place Your Order Here
Invacare Supply Group Adapt Convex Barrier Rings
Adapt Convex Barrier Rings Reviews Summary
Adapt Convex Barrier Rings is also listed in these categories:
You have already voted for this. Thank you
You cannot vote for your own question or answer. Thank you
Adapt Convex Barrier Rings
Ask the community about this product and get answers. Share your knowledge and advice. Learn More about Q&A.
0 Questions | 0 Answers
Part Number(s): 097 566100 00
Mfg Part Number(s): 79601
Scrip Part Number(s): 097 566100 00
Because our price on this item is lower than the manufacturer's suggested retail price, the manufacturer does not allow us to show you our price until you place the item in your shopping cart. Retailers like Allegro Medical have the legal right to sell products at prices we set. However, adding the item to your cart allows us to show you our lower price consistent with our promise of always offering you the lowest possible prices on the widest selection of medical supplies, medical equipment and life enhancing products.
Adding this item to your shopping cart won't require you to buy it. However, our prices do change. If you decide to purchase this item now you are guaranteed the price now displayed in your shopping cart. Complete your purchase by clicking on the "checkout" button or simply remove the product from your cart if you decide not to make your purchase at this time.


text:
Prashant G.
Andover, MA, 01810
Joined on August, 2014
Gender: Male
Average Rating:
Weekends at any time
Weekdays after 5PM
Weekdays after 5PM
Lives Near:
Can Meet:
Up to 15 minutes away for no additional charge
EducationCompleted my masters in Biotechnology and currently working as a Scientist.
ExperienceStrong fundamentals in mathematics go a long way in life. My strong math fundamentals have lead me to scoring 800 in my SAT/GRE. I have not done any paid tutoring thus far and as such I would like to offer my first half hour free to make sure that you are comfortable with my teaching. Alongside, my rates are significantly lower than a lot of other tutors around the area.
HobbiesPhotography, Playing sports like Soccer, Cricket and Basketball.
Preferred Subjects
SAT Math, Algebra, Trigonometry, Math, Geometry, Differential Equations
Inquire about this tutor
The tutor will respond if they are available/interested.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
You are here:
Africa's Meningitis Belt a target of IFFIm special investment case
Ethiopia, where this baby is being vaccinated, is among the countries where people are at highest risk of developing meningitis.Photo credit: UNICEF/NYHQ/2005/Giacomo Pirozzi
Meningitis type A epidemics bring death, disability and fear every year to Africa's so-called "Meningitis Belt," a string of 25 countries that stretches from Senegal in the west to Ethiopia in the east.
The region's biggest epidemic in recent years affected 250,000 people, killing 25,000 and leaving another 50,000 with disabilities, including deafness and mental retardation.
But an IFFIm-supported vaccine called "MenAfriVac" has been developed specifically for the Meningitis Belt by a consortium of partners, including Gavi, collectively known as the Meningitis Vaccine Project. MenAfriVac costs less than 50 US cents per dose and is expected to save as many as 150,000 lives between 2010 and 2015.
Its initial results are excellent. For example, by 2012 Burkina Faso had just four cases of meningitis A, all in unimmunised individuals, including three from Togo who came for medical care. Almost 55 million people in the six countries have been immunised so far, according to figures from the Meningitis Vaccine Project, a collaboration between PATH and WHO to develop the vaccine, in partnership with UNICEF and Gavi.
IFFIm continues to provide funding to Gavi to purchase the meningitis vaccine as a "special investment case," with a total investment to date of more than US$ 62 million.
"People are always apprehensive, scared ahead of the meningitis season. They never know what will happen," says Muhammad Sani Adamu, Head of Accelerated Disease Control in Nigeria's National Primary Health Care Development Agency. In 2009, Nigeria had nearly 50,000 cases that left 2,000 dead. "The new vaccine is a golden opportunity to protect our people against the commonest strain, responsible for 90% of all epidemics. MenAfriVac is a big deal actually for our country."
Adamu says Nigeria installed new cold rooms and used 30-tonne lorries to transport vaccines and injection materials from the national storage facility to a targeted five of its 36 states, where it sometimes had to be transported by motorcycle or bicycle across difficult terrain. It reached about 15.7 million people with the vaccine within two weeks.
"If all of this works like we think it is going to work, then we are going to eliminate these epidemics. Stop. Period," said Marc LaForce, Director of the Meningitis Vaccine Project.
Meningitis is an infection of the lining that covers the brain and spinal cord, caused by a viral or bacterial infection. Groups at highest risk of infection are infants, children and young adults.
"My son is afraid of the needle, but he will realize in a minute that it is nothing," says a Chadian father who brought his son Ahmad to be vaccinated during an outbreak. "I lost my younger sister two weeks ago. By no means do I want my son to suffer as she did."
05 December 2011
Japan International Cooperation Agency to issue bonds to investors
17 November 2011
Green light from GAVI for cervical cancer vaccine
The Guardian
02 October 2011
Making money in pursuit of social good
Financial Times
25 August 2011
Impact investing: Harbinger of A Brighter Future and A Friendlier Bond Market?
Forbes India Magazine
03 August 2011
'Immunization is the most important health intervention'
The Times of India | Erratica
30 June 2011
From IAVI to GAVI: A Conversation with Seth Berkley on the Future of Vaccines and Global Health
Council on Foreign Relations
13 June 2011
$4.3 Billion Pledged at Vaccine Fund-Raiser
New York Times
10 June 2011
Vaccines funding could 'save 4m children'
The Independent
Developing Countries Make Record Demand For Life-Saving Vaccines
Medical News Today
09 June 2011
Researchers' hope of 20 new vaccines in next decade
© IFFIm 2017
modal window here


text:
Since World War II the world has focused on efficiency gains. The low-hanging fruit had been plucked and the world was optimizing production, ignoring innovation (with the exception of IT which has had a relatively small impact on productivity).
The focus on efficiency had policy implications. Standardization and uniformity were stressed along with lowering barriers to trade. Such policies have had tremendously beneficial impacts, drastically lowering poverty over the past 30 years.
However, there appears to be imminent innovation on the horizon which requires rethinking regulatory systems. The fourth industrial revolution, which refers to "emerging technology breakthroughs in fields such as artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of Things, autonomous vehicles, 3-D printing, nanotechnology, biotechnology, materials science, energy storage, and quantum computing", is coming.
The fourth industrial revolution is not about efficiency gains; it is about innovation. The benefits from the fourth industrial revolution will not come from international trade, they will come small groups of dedicated people working hard. The fourth industrial revolution is a return to tinkerers, away from multinational corporations, and a new regulatory structure is needed for it.
Families with diabetic kids are building home-made insulin pumps because the FDA is unable to improve them. 23andMe saw their user rate drop by 50% when the FDA banned them from giving disease profiles, slowing down the era of personalized medicine. Amazon moved their drone program to Canada because the FAA was too slow to issue drone regulations.
With the rapid pace of innovation, a one size fits all policy becomes a hindrance. The stifling of innovation begins to outweigh the benefits of consumer protection. Standardization and uniformity must give way to adaptability.
In practice this means localizing regulatory policies. Different cities and localities have different tolerances for risk. Detroit, for example, might want to innovate drone policy to attract jobs and residents. San Francisco could allow for innovative medical procedures to attract investment from Alphabet, formerly Google.
More generally, policy makers don't know what the ideal regulatory system is. Innovation requires experimentation and discovery. Regulatory systems need to reflect this. Cities are more responsive to local needs and able to act more quickly than national governments. Preparing for the future means understanding trends to fully take advantage of them. Allowing cities to take the lead in regulatory policies will undoubtedly lead to some mistakes. However, the long term outcome will be more dynamism, more creativity, and further technological advances.


text:
Date Posted: Tuesday, November 27th, 2012
Categories: Former Governor Jack Markell (2009-2017) Office of the Governor
In addition to previously announced judicial nominations, Markell to nominate two lawyers to serve as Family Court Commissioners and one Superior Court Commissioner for reappointment
WILMINGTON – Governor Jack Markell announced Tuesday that he will call the Delaware State Senate into a special session to consider various judicial nominations on Wednesday, December 5, 2012 at 4:00 p.m. This special session of the State Senate will be the first meeting of either chamber of the 147th General Assembly.
The Governor is calling the special session so that the Senate may consider nominations for various judicial vacancies. As previously announced, Governor Markell will be nominating Judge Eric M. Davis, currently of the Court of Common Pleas, and Chief Deputy Attorney General Charles E. Butler to fill two vacancies on the Superior Court. He will nominate Deputy Attorney General Paula T. Ryan, who currently serves as the Chief Prosecutor for Sussex County, to fill the vacancy on Family Court. He will also nominate Vice Chancellor John Noble for reappointment to an additional twelve-year term as a Vice Chancellor of the Court of Chancery.
Markell also announced Tuesday three additional nominations for consideration by the Senate at the special session. Markell will nominate Dawn M. Williams of the Office of the Public Defender and James J. Maxwell of the Department of Justice to fill two vacancies as Family Court Commissioners. Markell also will nominate the Honorable Lynne Parker for reappointment as a Commissioner of the Superior Court.
"Jim Maxwell and Dawn Williams have decades of experience in Family Court and reputations for hard work and problem solving," said Governor Markell. "If confirmed, I know they will be great additions to the Court."
Maxwell is a graduate of the University of Delaware and Widener Law School. He has served as a Deputy Attorney General since 1990. During his career with the Department of Justice, Maxwell spent ten years representing the Department of Services for Children, Youth and their Families. Since 2008, Maxwell has prosecuted child abuse and neglect cases, child protection registry cases, and termination of parental rights cases in Family Court.
Williams is also a graduate of the University of Delaware and Widener Law School. After graduation, Williams spent a year working as a judicial law clerk on the United States Court of Federal Claims before returning to Delaware to join the Department of Justice as a prosecutor in Family Court. She joined the Office of the Public Defender in 1999. Since 2009, Williams has been the statewide supervisor of the Family Court unit within the Office of the Public Defender. In that capacity, she represents the interests of the Office of the Public Defender in Family Court in all three counties and in various committees related to criminal and juvenile justice, such as the Juvenile Justice Collaborative and the Supreme Court Mental Health Task Force.
In addition to Maxwell and Williams, Governor Markell will nominate the Honorable Lynne M. Parker for reappointment as a Superior Court Commissioner. Commissioner Parker has served on the Superior Court in New Castle County since July of 2008.
The two vacancies among Family Court Commissioners were caused this summer by the retirement of the Honorable Frederic H. Kenney and the expiration of the term of the Honorable Bernard V. Pepukayi.
To summarize, the following seven nominations will be made during Special Session:
Delaware's Governor
State Agencies
Elected Officials
General Assembly
Delaware Courts
State Employees
Cities & Towns
Delaware State Code
State Regulations
Business First Steps
Phone Directory
Locations Directory
Public Meetings
FOIA Requests
Health Insurance
Tax Center
Personal Income Tax
Privacy Policy
Weather & Travel
Contact Us
Franchise Tax
Gross Receipts Tax
Withholding Tax
Delaware Topics
Help Center
Mobile Apps
E-mail / Text Alerts
RSS Feeds
Built by the Government Information Center
©MMXIV news.delaware.gov


text:
Book Sale
Expand Messages
Central City Action Committee Summer Youth Group will host a book sale Wednesday, June 27th and Thursday, June 28th, from 11 a.m. – 4 p.m., at 534 E. Edgeware Road. All proceeds will benefit the Echo Park Library. For additional information please telephone 213.241.0908.
Cindy Ortiz
Your message has been successfully submitted and would be delivered to recipients shortly.


text:
The retreat component of the Campus Ministry Program at Malden Catholic High School offers opportunities for students one each grade level to take concentrated time away from school to focus on relationships with God and others. Through talks, small group discussions, personal and communal prayer experiences, liturgy and recreation students are encouraged to open themselves to grow as young men who are rooted in faith and community who are called to serve others. All of the retreats use upper-class peer ministers.
Freshmen Retreat/Spirit Day
This day held on campus introduces the freshmen class to the Malden Catholic Community of God. Through a variety of activities, the students are welcomed into the community and given the opportunity to interact with his classmates. Big Lancer Seniors who have been trained by campus ministry prepare talks, presentations and lead small groups throughout the day. This day includes presentations on the school mascot, seal and the spiritual values of the Xaverian Brothers. The last half of the day is held on the football field and led by the Athletics Department with spirit building activities.
Sophomore Retreat
This retreat is held during the Lent season and focuses on relationships with God as well as the people in their lives who inspired them as Models of Christian Leadership to serve others. The day is held at a local hall and includes a liturgy, power point presentations, student witness talks, recreation, a trivia game and small group activities.
Junior Retreat
This retreat is held off campus and is designed to focus on a deeper level on one's responsibility to serve others in the local and greater communities as well as mission trips to third world countries. Power Point presentations by faculty and staff who have served in Haiti and in the greater Boston community are a focal point for discussion and sharing. The students will be asked to discern ways to live out the challenge of Catholic Christian morality and Social Justice to reach out to God's people.
XBSS Student Leadership Retreat: An annual five-day program gathering approximately 100 students from all the sponsored schools. The theme of the retreat is "Falling in love with the service of God". Students have the opportunity to learn about Xaverian Charism, Global Awareness and Stewardship. The retreat ends with a day of service. Students are asked to develop a plan to bring the spirit of the Xaverian charism back to their individual school.After attending this retreat, past MC students began the weekly Wednesday Rosary, Lancers-in-Action, Lancers UnitedScholarship, and Big Lancer-Little Lancer program.Six select juniors and one senior go each year.
Malden Catholic Leadership Institute takes place in the summer prior to senior year. The event is run by the Campus Ministry Team, takes place in August, and is attended by seventy-five to one-hundred students as well as school administrators, faculty, and coaches. The institute provides the opportunity for members of the senior class to plan and put into practice leadership skills in helping to lead the school in the Xaverian Brothers' tradition during their senior year. Current juniors that are interested in the MCLI program this year, please contact Mrs. Mary Driscoll in the Campus Ministry Department at 781-475-5319 or email@example.com


text:
U Thein Oo
Myanmar Senior Legal Advisor
Region: Southeast Asia
Thein Oo holds a Bachelor's degree and a Law degree from the Arts and Science University of Yangon, Myanmar, and has a Master's degree in Human Rights from Mahidol University, Thailand. In the May 1990 General Elections, he was elected as a Member of Parliament, representing Mandalay South-West as a candidate from the National League for Democracy (NLD) party led by Nobel Peace Laureate, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi.
Instead of transferring governing power to the elected civilian government, the military regime systematically undermined the democratic political process by arresting politicians, activists and Members of Parliament in the aftermath of the General Election. As a result, many MPs fled Myanmar to the border regions in order to continue to fight for democratic rule and human rights inside the country. As exiled parliamentarians, he co-founded the National Coalition Government of the Union of Myanmar (NCGUB), the Government in Exile, on December 18th, 1990 in Kayin State, Myanmar. From 1990 until 2006, he was a Minister of the NCGUB, acting in turn as Minister for Judicial Affairs, Minister for Human Rights Affairs, and Minister for Legal and Constitutional Affairs.
He was also elected as the Secretary of the Member of Parliament Union – Myanmar (MPU) on February 19th, 2008. The MPU was formed on June 15th, 1996, with greater participation from elected parliamentarians who had left Myanmar.
Under the oppressive military dictatorship, civilians were denied their basic rights. They suffered under unfair and oppressive laws, an arbitrary judicial system, and a lack of rule of law in Myanmar. In opposition to this, the Burma Lawyers' Council (BLC) was founded as an independent organization on October 19th, 1994, by lawyers who have actively opposed the military dictatorship and who arrived in the revolutionary border areas before and after the Four Eights (8888) Uprising in 1988. He was the Chairman and co-Founder of the BLC.
He has worked as a team leader of the Federal Constitution Drafting Committee (FCDC) of the National Council of the Union of Burma (NCUB), in partnership with many democratic and ethnic opposition groups. The NCUB is an umbrella organization that unites many opposition groups. The Federal Constitution of the Union of Myanmar (Draft) Constitution was adopted in 2008.
He came back to Myanmar in November 2012 after an official invitation from the President's Office and now he lives in Mandalay. He is a licensed lawyer (advocate) under Myanmar law.


text:
The Kittengarden
Julie in Michigan
Ph: (586) 221-2685
Contact Me
Located in rural Michigan near Detroit, The Kittengarden is a small, caring cattery breeding and raising exquisitely beautiful, exceptionally healthy Doll Face Persian kittens for sale in shades of white and chinchilla. Our petite Persian babies are often referred to as perfectly petite babies since they are naturally smaller, remaining kitten-like their entire lives.
Having been a kindergarten teacher for many years, "The Kittengarden" seemed the "purrfect" name for my Persian cattery; a place where precious baby Persian kittenss are nurtured and given the loving foundation for the wonderful companions they grow up to be.
If you are seeking the most affectionate, gentle, soft and fluffy white Persian kitten as your life long playmate and companion, our absolutely exquisite petite babies are a delight.
We specialize in Chinchilla Silver Persian kittens. Our babies have soft, fluffy white coats flecked in Silver, and beautiful, "China Doll" faces with large, round green eyes. Fully grown, our Persian kittens weigh under 7 pounds. They are petite, playful – and purr-fect!
We are now accepting applications for our 2016 litters of Persian kittens for sale, and we still have a few spots left on our waiting list. Kittens are arriving soon! If you would like to reserve your special kitten, please feel free to contact Julie. We look forward to hearing from you!
We are located within a short drive of Detroit, Michigan, and within a reasonable distance from Toronto, Canada, upstate New York and other large cities. Shipping is available as well.
"A kitten is, in the animal world, what a rosebud is in the garden."
Robert Sowthey
Exquisite Petite Doll Face Persian Kittens
Julie in Michigan
Tel: (586) 221-2685


text:
Okay, don't throw tomatoes. But Valentines Day is only a month away. Which means I'm starting my Valentines decor over here. Which ultimately means I'm on the hunt for free fonts to include in my decor. Whether it's a printable or a card, these fonts are sure to please. And even better, they're all free! Be sure to download them and try them out for yourself. These are just too too … [Read more...]
Blueberry Breakfast Cake
I'm fairly certain my husband only married me for my breakfasts. I mean, he did nearly tell me so over the first breakfast he ever came over for. "Oh, I think I'll have to marry you." he said between mouthfuls of pancakes and eggs. Or something like that. It was more a jumble of yums and muffled thanks but we'll pretend it was what I said it was. We'll also pretend that he wouldn't have said … [Read more...]
Super Fast Doll Quilt
Okay, the title of this post should be doll quick that is so incredible easy that you can make even with your 3 year old sitting on your lap. I feel like I do a lot of those crafts lately. It should have it's own section. "Crafts You Can Make With Kids Climbing On You." It has a nice ring to it. So this all started when my youngest came to me full of preschool outrage. "Mommy! My baby is. … [Read more...]
Incredibly Easy Winter Wreath
I walked in my front door the other day and immediately something felt off. There was a slight chill down my spine and it had nothing to do with the 21* weather. Why did my door feel so off? Was it unlocked when I came in? No... What in the world made it feel so weird? I reopened the door and realized right away what it was. The dead wreath hanging there, leftover from Christmas. How had … [Read more...]
Easy Potato Corn Chowder
It's officially Monday. Which is the first day that the kids are back at school after the long holiday break. I know I'm not the only mama that misses them... but it sort of okay with school being back in session. It means that we can take things a little slower, enjoy ourselves a little more. Be a bit more indulgent. I'm indulging today for lunch. And in 30ish minutes, you could be … [Read more...]
- « Previous Page
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- …
- 45
- Next Page »


text:
Email This Page to a Friend
This page has been sent to the email address you provided.
(Cart Empty)
This Sliding Glass Door Lock is perfect for 1/4 inch (6 millimeter) all-glass sliding doors. The "pick-proof" bolt gives you added security. It is adjustable for laps from one to three inches (25.4 to 76.2 millimeters).
Return Policy |
Shipping Policy |
Terms of Use / Privacy Policy |


text:
Dekalb Animal Hospital
To Whom It May Concern,
It's been great to offer iCare to our clients for the past 2 years. We are able to help people care for their pets from standard check-ups to more serious procedures. It's wonderful to know that when our clients cannot afford to pay in full up front, we can offer them iCare and remove their worry of financial stress.
Our staff can approve our clients for iCare in office at the time of their visit and we can move forward with their pet's treatment immediately. It is easy to explain to our clients and a simple program to administer.


text:
Mumbai, Feb 9 (UNI) Bollywood actress Katrina Kaif today denied reports of her being slapped by boyfriend, actor Salman Khan at a public coffee shop in the city.
In a statement issued here, Katrina, who has successfully established herself as a lead actress with films like ''Namastey London'', ''Welcome'' and ''Partner'', said, ''I have never talked about my personal life and don't intend to, because I have always believed that what is personal is personal. But this is too much.
The story that has appeared is utter rubbish and fabricated. I suspect that it's been spread by vested interest with ulterior motives. I would like to repeat that nothing of this sort has happened. Normally I don't like to clarify but, sometimes one has to take a stand and this is one of those times.'' According to sources close to her, it is for the first time that Katrina has seriously clarified. She has always believed in being dignified and keeping her personal life in the private domain. But she seems upset when Salman is painted in a bad light and the news is upsetting her more, and therefore she felt that she had to take a stand and put a lid on the rumour floating around.
Incidentally, Katrina is on a career high with record of hit films last year. Her films ''Namastey London'', ''Apne'', ''Partner'' and ''Welcome'' were box office successes. Her forthcoming movie ''Race'' is a multi starrer.
Katrina said, ''I am quite pleased with the way my career has shaped up. Even 'Race' looks extremely slick and has got an international look. It was so special shooting for 'Race'. I am just looking forward to it.'' She said she was quite upbeat about her forthcoming films like ''Singh is Kingg'', ''Main Yuvraj'' and two untitled projects with Yashraj Films.


text:
Sainsbury's plans to add 10,000 jobs to c-store estate
Sainsbury's is to create 10,000 jobs in its convenience store estate over the next three years.
Available to members only
You must have a valid membership package to read this article.
Learn more about our membership packages.
You're not logged in...already a member?
Please log in using your email address and password.


text: A surefire top 5 pick, both teams ranked, big Monday. Any excuse for the pathetic attendance? Can anyone explain why their fans are so bad right now? Supposed to be one of the best barns in college ball when its full and buzzing, sad really. Its not like they will ever get good attendance again either if they can't support their team when Smart returns for a second year. Just pathetic. Big 12 might be the best conference in basketball too this year OSU fans really embarrassed the conference. There would have been more fans in Waco.


text:
05-15 Tacoma Front Skid
BudBuilt helping you get over it!
•The front skidplate is made of 3/16" steel (unless specified
in the drop down boxes).
•It is designed to be used with the BudBuilt mid skid.
•It covers from the front bumper to the rear of the sway bar.
•It bolts under where the stock front skidplate mounts and to the
stock tapped holes in the bottom.
•There are holes in the rear for attaching it to the optional mid
•BudBuilt skids are shipped with professional finishing, making
them easy to handle.
•Steel options and powder coating options available in the drop
down boxes.
•Look under BudBuilt Articles for installation instructions.
•This easily bolts up to existing holes in your frame for
convenient installation with new hardware supplied with your skids.
•Includes oil drain hole for ease in changing the oil, and a
steering rack mounting bracket.
•This skid weights 31 pounds in 3/16 steel, 28 pounds in aluminum,
and 29 pounds in Lite steel.
•Will work with a 1" diff drop and up to a 3" suspension
•NOTE: Most parts are supplied as bare steel- ready for you to
paint the color of your choice. They are sanded- and prepped- usually just
needing a final wipe down with solvent before applying paint. This helps keep
the cost of the parts lower and allows you to fully customize your rig as you
want it. However- powder coating is available in a variety of colors! Please
choose your powder coat options for each piece of your combo!
•If you have a diff drop- you will need to get spacers from the maker of your
diff drop to space your skid plates.


text:
Wednesday, May 18, 2016
Blackberry Orange Scones
With Blackberry season in full swing, I couldn't resist pairing these deep juicy berries with a tangy citrus combo. The results were out of this world delish! And if the flavor was not enough of a bonus, the macros will blow your mind, each of the 6 pieces are only 87 calories, 3.6g net carbs and 8g protein. This was the perfect Sunday morning project, pencil this in for your next free morning activity! :)
1 Tablespoon Nutiva Buttery Coconut Oil, softened
1 jumbo Egg
1 scoop plus 1 Tablespoons plus 1 teaspoon Quest Salted Caramel Protein Powder
1 teaspoon Orange Zest plus Orange Zest curls with remaining Orange
Juice of one Orange
1/3 cup Swerve Granular Erythritol
1/4 cup Nutiva Coconut Flour
1 teaspoon Baking Powder
Dash Cinnamon
Dash Vanilla
3oz Blackberries
1 Tablespoon Blue Diamond 30 cal/cup Almond Breeze
Mix together Coconut Oil, Egg, 1 scoop Protein Powder, 1 teaspoon Orange Zest, Juice of one Orange, Granular Erythritol, Coconut Flour, Baking Powder, Cinnamon and Vanilla. Then gently stir in the Blackberries and pat into a circle on a Silpat lined cookie sheet and bake at 375 for 18 minutes. Scone may appear under done but will continue to cook as it cools, trust me. Meanwhile stir together remaining Protein Powder and Almond Milk and chill til ready to use. Once Scones have cooled, slice into 6 servings, add the frosting to a baggie, snip the corner and drizzle on Scones, top with remaining Orange curls for garnish. Enjoy :)
For 10 dollars off your first 30 dollar order at Vitacost.com click http://goo.gl/jjEvV7.
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
By John Gruber
ABC News:
Pythias Brown, a former Transportation Security Administration officer at Newark Liberty International Airport, spent four years stealing everything he could from luggage and security checkpoints, including clothing, laptops, cameras, Nintendo Wiis, video games and cash. Speaking publicly for the first time after being released after three years in prison, Brown told ABC News that he used the X-ray scanners to locate the most valuable items to snatch.
★ Monday, 8 October 2012


text:
New York Knicks point guard Derrick Rose has returned to the team's facilities Tuesday after his unexplained absence during Monday night's game against the New Orleans Pelicans, ESPN reports.
Rose returned to his hometown of Chicago without the team's permission to attend to a family matter, per ESPN. He alerted team officials of his whereabouts following the game.
Rose was originally listed as a starter against the Pelicans but the team announced shortly before tipoff that he was not with the team. Brandon Jennings started in place of Rose and scored 20 points in the Knicks' 110-96 loss.
"Right now we don't have enough information to really give you anything," Knicks coach Jeff Hornacek told reporters after the game. "So that's just going to have to wait until we hear something from Derrick himself. Other than that, if you want to talk about the game, ask away."
Joakim Noah, who played with Rose on the Bulls in Chicago, said after the game that he had been in contact with Rose and that the former MVP was "OK."
The Knicks (17-21) visit the Philadelphia 76ers on Wednesday and are in Chicago for a game on Thursday.
Rose has been frustrated with New York's recent struggles and has a deteriorating relationship with Hornacek, according to reports. Rose took issue with Hornacek benching him in the fourth quarter of the Knicks' games against the Milwaukee Bucks and Indiana Pacers.
The three-time All-Star is averaging 17.3 points, 4.5 assists and 3.9 rebounds this season.


text:
Supporting independent designers as the world's largest Marketplace for eco-friendly,
Preview scale: 8.0 x 8.0 inches. Show Rulers

Change DPI Base size is 150
Designs by taramcgowan
Please let me know if there is anything I can create special for you or customize any of the current designs to fit your project needs.
Visit this designer's shop
Tara McGowan©2014
floral (47957),
flowers (38276),
spring (12532),
quilt (6733),
cheater quilt (3067),
block (784),
quilt block (733),
spring cheater quilt block (233),
arttreedesigns (128)
Log in or Sign up
to add a comment.
taramcgowan says:
Thank you Paula and Mina for such lovely comments!
Posted almost 4 years ago.
mina says:
The stars are very quilt-like, but I like even better the effect of your radiating white-and-yellow patterns in the squares. They lighten the colors and tie them together beautifully. You've improved this palette a lot! Beautiful design.
paula's_designs says:
Really lovely Tara, full of Spring radiance, so very pretty!
taramcgowan says:
Thank you so much, Amy!
amy_g says:
Tara, this is absolutely gorgeous! I love the 3-D effect of the daisies coming toward the viewer. You used the palette so beautifully!
taramcgowan says:
What a gift to read such great comments! Thank you so much Rhonda, Ceri, Heather, Sheila and Jan. I truly appreciate it!
hootenannit says:
Love the radiant effect of the concentric squares - beautiful!
sheila_marie_delgado says:
Love your use of the palette Tara. This is beautiful, love the daisies. I love how you have created so much dimension, and yet the overall design is not to busy. This has the comfort of home written all over it. :)
heatherdutton says:
Wow!!!! This is stunning on every level Tara! Good luck this week :D
cerigwen says:
Rhonda is quite right, this sparkles Tara! Lovely!
rhondadesigns says:
Sparkling spring light is glinting from the petals of the pretty daisies in your design, Tara! They truly look like day's eyes! :-)
taramcgowan says:
taramcgowan uploaded a fabric image for
taramcgowan's design
Stargazing Daisies :
taramcgowan says:
Thank you Shelly and Julie!
cjldesigns says:
Fantastic design! This will make a beautiful quilt!
shellypenko says:
Oh wow, Tara, this is so pretty!
taramcgowan says:
Thank you so much Tina!
ottomanbrim says:
Tara this is so pretty! You really used the palette so beautifully and the starburst effect of the daisies is incredible!
taramcgowan says:
Thank you Penny, Sylvie, Sue Ellen and Jill! Your comments are so kind! Thank you!
jill_o_connor says:
This is gorgeous Tara, I love it!
fireflower says:
Excellent use of the restricted palette! And beautiful, to boot!
house_of_heasman says:
Very Clever Tara to use the fractal effect of the design on each strip of fabric to create the extra dimension.. Brilliant! I love this design.. it's really really stunning :-)
bluevelvet says:
Very pretty Tara
Shop unique pillows, tea towels, chairs and more home décor designed by Spoonflower's independent artists from around the world. Discover your one-of-a-kind piece today.
Create custom garments and accessories with any Spoonflower design.
Sew your own one-of-a-kind projects or have our White Glove service do it for you.
Create custom garments and accessories with any Spoonflower design.
Sew your own one-of-a-kind projects or have our White Glove service do it for you.
Shop unique pillows, tea towels, chairs and more home décor designed by Spoonflower's independent artists from around the world. Discover your one-of-a-kind piece today.


text:
Combine growing attachment to smartphones with advances in cutting-edge goggles (think Google Glass), and what do you get? Acceptance of augmented reality (AR), which supposedly became ready for "prime time" last year. With the technology out of the incubator and in our living rooms, Silicon Valley's mouthpieces are becoming increasingly comfortable generating hype about the exciting new world it will create. Get ready, they say, for a "more information-rich, more navigable, more interesting, more fun" existence.
Equating more with better is an old advertising trick. The message is so deeply burrowed in our psyches that it sounds less like Madison Avenue and more like an ancestral call. Is it shallow? Yes. Is it easy to pick apart in academic discussions and stern parental lectures? Sure. Does it reek of the idealistic Internet coverage that we've been long bombarded with? Absolutely! But, let's face it. The ideal wouldn't persist if it didn't work. We're suckers for the supersized.
Persuasive jingles need desirable products, or at least evocative references to them. According to one article, AR will improve urban exploration, museums visits, shopping, our experiences of travel and history, customer service, safety and rescue operations, and home decoration. Another suggests AR can breathe new life into reading by adding "great depth and additional understanding to the narrative". AR cooking, gaming, andautomobiles are targeted too, as is the hallmark of human uniqueness:our mind.
Click Here to read more...


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|22 Jun 2004
|Filing date
|29 Mar 2000
|Priority date
|29 Mar 2000
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Abolade Gbadegesin
|Original Assignee
|Microsoft Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (8), Non-Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (85), Classifications (17), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates generally to network address translation and proxy application control of network communication and, more particularly, relates to the combination of network address translation and proxy application functionality into a transparent application gateway process.
As the number of computers that needed or wanted to be connected to the Internet continued to grow, it soon became obvious that this number could not be accommodated by the number of available IP addresses, known as dotted-quads. In response to this address depletion problem, a method as illustrated in FIG. 2 was devised whereby a number of computers C1, C2, etc. could be located on a "private" network 60 and would use private IP addresses 62 to communicate with each other. These private IP addresses could be reused on other private networks since no one outside the private network could see these addresses. In order to allow the computers on the private network to communicate with other computes S1, S2, etc. on a public network, such as the Internet 64, the private network utilizes one machine 66 to provide the gateway for all of the computers on the private network to reach the public network. Through the use of the private addresses 62 on the private network 60 and the gateway computer 66, the address depletion problem is at least slowed.
This gateway computer 66 runs a program called a network address translator (NAT) that has both a private IP address 62 and a public IP address 68. As computers on the private network attempt to establish sessions with a server on a public network (or another private network), the NAT changes the source address 70 of the message packets 72 from the private address of the client computer to its public IP address. In this way, the private IP address is not communicated on the public network. The messages all appear to have come from the public IP address of the NAT machine. The NAT maintains a mapping 74 of the translation from the private to the public IP address so that when messages are received from the public network in response as illustrated by line 76, the NAT can forward them to the proper client machine. This operation of the NAT is completely transparent to the client computers on the private network, i.e. they each believe that they are communicating directly with the public servers.
FIG. 3 illustrates this redirect capability of the NAT machine. Specifically, a client machine C1 attempts to establish a session 78 directly with public server S1 as indicated by dashed line 80. However, when the message from C1 is detected by the NAT 66, it dynamically redirects 82 the message to S1 and changes the source address as described above. The client process does not know that the NAT has changed its messages' source address, and continues to believe that it is communicating directly with the public server. Messages from the server S1 are dynamically redirected 82 to the client C1 based on the mapping of the address translation. As may be seen from FIG. 4, this address translation takes place at a low level, e.g. at the kernel level 84 in a Window's architecture.
While the NAT has greatly alleviated the address depletion problem, especially for home and small business networks, its translation of source addresses is fixed within its programming. That is, the traditional NAT does not allow any application control of the address translations that it performs. Additionally, since the address translation is performed on the message packets at such a low level within the kernel 84, the NAT can add almost no value, other than providing the raw source address translation. The NAT cannot even provide any destination address translations, and does not fully support applications that either assume client and server addresses are both public and therefore equally accessible, or require that servers also initiate network sessions to clients. If added value is desired, such as centralized virus scanning, site blocking (parental-control filtering), white listing, caching (to speed up response-time), data-transformation (e.g. dithering of images to match screen size), etc., a proxy application must be used instead.
Traditional proxies, as illustrated in FIG. 5, are application programs existing in the user mode 86 that serve as the interface between the private 60 and the public 64 network (see FIG. 6). Unlike NATs, the proxy 88 must be addressed directly by the client machines as seen in the destination address field 90 of message packet 92, and therefore requires that the client applications C1, C2, etc. be setup to operate with a proxy 88. Many applications cannot do this, or require specific configuration changes to allow the use of a proxy, and therefore a proxy configuration may not be appropriate, or even possible, for use with all applications.
When a proxy application 98 is used, all communications are sent to the proxy in the user mode 86 (see FIG. 5) as illustrated by lines 94, 96. The proxy 98 then determines whether and to whom to forward the communication on the public network. If the proxy determines that the message may be passed to a server on the public network, the proxy establishes a second session 100, copies the data to the second session, changes the source and destination address, and sends out the message (see, also FIG. 7). In operational terms as illustrated in FIG. 7, a client process C1 establishes a first session 94 with the proxy 88 requesting access to a public server S1. If the proxy agrees, a second session 100 is established with the server S1 on the public network 64. Since all messages must pass from the kernel-mode network transport, e.g. TCP/IP 102, to the user-mode proxy 98, be copied to a second session, transferred back down to the kernel-mode driver 102, and finally transmitted to the network for the network application's other session, a significant performance degradation occurs. However, proxy system promoters have begrudgingly accepted this performance degradation as the inevitable cost of the added value provided thereby.
Recognizing that the inability of various applications to utilize a proxy system precludes the adding of value to the network sessions using these applications, various software vendors have introduced transparent proxies. Transparent proxies operate like a traditional proxy in that they provide value to the network connection, and like a traditional NAT in that the network client need not specifically address them. The term transparent refers to the fact that the network client is unaware that its communication is being provided up to the proxy application. The client thinks that its communication is going directly to the network server, in much the same way as it does when a traditional NAT is used. However, the communication is actually redirected to the proxy application before being sent to the public network as illustrated FIG. 8.
As may be seen from this FIG. 8, as a client C1 on private network 91 attempts to contact a server S1 on a public network 64, the gateway machine 93 running the transparent proxy intercepts its messages. The transparent proxy operates by performing an address redirection through a traditional NAT 95 up to the proxy application 97. Once the proxy 97 has processed the message, it is passed back down to be sent to the server S1. While this redirection is transparent to the client thereby allowing operation of the proxy with clients whose applications would not allow operation with a traditional proxy, this redirection is fixed within the NAT 95. This requires that all communication be transferred up to the proxy at the application level or user-mode, and back down to the transport level or kernel-mode prior to being transmitted to the server. Therefore, the performance degradation of the traditional proxy discussed above still plagues the transparent proxy system.
The instant invention overcomes these and other problems by providing an application programming interface for intelligent transparent application gateway processes. Specifically, the inventive concepts of the instant invention relate to an intelligent transparent proxy that utilizes an application programming interface for translation of transport-layer sessions and an application programming interface for port-reservation routines to provide proxy services without requiring that client applications be notified of the proxy at all. More particularly, the inventive concepts of the instant invention relate to a generalized network address translator and associated application programming interface (API) that allow both source and destination address translations to be made. The API allows control of the NAT by the proxy thereby providing the benefits of both a proxy server and a network address translator (NAT) while minimizing the transmission delays normally associated with traditional and transparent proxies.
With the intelligent transparent proxy of the instant invention, client applications do not know that they are communicating through a proxy, and therefore need not be configured to do so. This is accomplished by the instant invention by allowing the proxy to dynamically command a generalized NAT to effect both source and destination address translations to, essentially, reroute data flow up through the proxy without the client knowing. The address changes are mapped in the gNAT, and result in apparent sessions between different clients and servers. As the proxy identifies data transfers that need not be processed by the proxy, the proxy commands a dynamic address translation at the transport layer. This bypasses the necessity of transferring the data up to the proxy, thereby greatly increasing the performance of the system.
As an example of the operation of the intelligent transparent gateway of the instant invention, assume that a client application wanted to establish a session from itself to a server on a public network. The message would hit the translation mapping of the gNAT, and be converted to a message from client to the transparent gateway. The transparent gateway would pass the message up to the proxy for servicing. The proxy is able to then service the message itself, deny transmission of the message, pass the message on without modification, etc. If the message is forwarded to the server, it appears to have originated from the gateway. The translation mapping is recorded so that any return messages may be forwarded to the client application, if the proxy determines that it is appropriate to do so. This forwarding may require servicing by the proxy or may be passed without servicing, dependent only on the proxy commanded translation in the gNAT. This control provided to the proxy is unknown in prior systems.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be made apparent from the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments that proceeds with reference to the accompanying figures.
While the appended claims set forth the features of the present invention with particularity, the invention, together with its objects and advantages, may be best understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram generally illustrating an exemplary computer system on which the present invention resides;
FIG. 2 is a network block diagram illustrating architectural and communicative aspects of a traditional network address translator;
FIG. 3 is an operational block diagram of a traditional network address translator;
FIG. 4 is an architectural diagram illustrating a traditional network address translator;
FIG. 5 is an architectural diagram illustrating a traditional proxy;
FIG. 6 is a network block diagram illustrating architectural and communicative aspects of a traditional proxy;
FIG. 7 is an operational block diagram of a traditional proxy;
FIG. 8 is an architectural diagram illustrating a traditional transparent proxy;
FIG. 9 is an architectural diagram illustrating the generalized network address translator and its associated application programming interface of the instant invention;
FIG. 10 is a functional architectural diagram of the instant invention;
FIG. 11 is an operational block diagram illustrating an aspect of the instant invention; and
FIG. 12 is an operational block diagram illustrating an alternate aspect of the instant invention.
Turning to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements, the invention is illustrated as being implemented in a suitable computing environment. Although not required, the invention will be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a personal computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced with other computer system configurations, including hand-held devices, multi-processor systems, microprocessor based or programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like. The invention may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
With reference to FIG. 1, an exemplary system for implementing the invention includes a general purpose computing device in the form of a conventional personal computer 20, including a processing unit 21, a system memory 22, and a system bus 23 that couples various system components including the system memory to the processing unit 21. The system bus 23 may be any of several types of bus structures including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. The system memory includes read only memory (ROM) 24 and random access memory (RAM) 25. A basic input/output system (BIOS) 26, containing the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within the personal computer 20, such as during start-up, is stored in ROM 24. The personal computer 20 further includes a hard disk drive 27 for reading from and writing to a hard disk, not shown, a magnetic disk drive 28 for reading from or writing to a removable magnetic disk 29, and an optical disk drive 30 for reading from or writing to a removable optical disk 31 such as a CD ROM or other optical media.
The hard disk drive 27, magnetic disk drive 28, and optical disk drive 30 are connected to the system bus 23 by a hard disk drive interface 32, a magnetic disk drive interface 33, and an optical disk drive interface 34, respectively. The drives and their associated computer-readable media provide nonvolatile storage of computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for the personal computer 20. Although the exemplary environment described herein employs a hard disk, a removable magnetic disk 29, and a removable optical disk 31, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other types of computer readable media which can store data that is accessible by a computer, such as magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, digital video disks, Bernoulli cartridges, random access memories, read only memories, and the like may also be used in the exemplary operating environment.
A number of program modules may be stored on the hard disk, magnetic disk 29, optical disk 31, ROM 24 or RAM 25, including an operating system 35, one or more applications programs 36, other program modules 37, and program data 38. A user may enter commands and information into the personal computer 20 through input devices such as a keyboard 40 and a pointing device 42. Other input devices (not shown) may include a microphone, joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 21 through a serial port interface 46 that is coupled to the system bus, but may be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, game port or a universal serial bus (USB). A monitor 47 or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus 23 via an interface, such as a video adapter 48. In addition to the monitor, personal computers typically include other peripheral output devices, not shown, such as speakers and printers.
The personal computer 20 may operate in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer 49. The remote computer 49 may be another personal computer, a server, a router, a network PC, a peer device or other common network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described above relative to the personal computer 20, although only a memory storage device 50 has been illustrated in FIG. 1. The logical connections depicted in FIG. 1 include a local area network (LAN) 51 and a wide area network (WAN) 52. Such networking environments are commonplace in offices, enterprise-wide computer networks, intranets and the Internet.
When used in a LAN networking environment, the personal computer 20 is connected to the local network 51 through a network interface or adapter 53. When used in a WAN networking environment, the person computer 20 typically includes a modem 54 or other means for establishing communications over the WAN 52. The modem 54, which may be internal or external, is connected to the system bus 23 via the serial port interface 46. In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the personal computer 20, or portions thereof, may be stored in the remote memory storage device. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers may be used.
In the description that follows, the invention will be described with reference to acts and symbolic representations of operations that are performed by one or more computer, unless indicated otherwise. As such, it will be understood that such acts and operations, which are at times referred to as being computer-executed, include the manipulation by the processing unit of the computer of electrical signals representing data in a structured form. This manipulation transforms the data or maintains it at locations in the memory system of the computer, which reconfigures or otherwise alters the operation of the computer in a manner well understood by those skilled in the art. The data structures where data is maintained are physical locations of the memory that have particular properties defined by the format of the data. However, while the invention is being described in the foregoing context, it is not meant to be limiting as those of skill in the art will appreciate that various of the acts and operation described hereinafter may also be implemented in hardware.
In accordance with the invention, generalized network address translation functionality that allows the development of the intelligent transparent proxy is provided to the transparent proxy application 104 by the architecture illustrated in FIG. 9. This functionality includes kernel-mode support for proxy-controlled network address translation through the generalized network address translator (gNAT) 106, and user-mode implementation of these redirect application programming interface (API) 108 routines. In this way, the system of the instant invention allows a transparent proxy application 104 to request that a network gateway modify the source and/or destination address of a given network session in a manner transparent to the original source host and/or the replacement destination host. This ability made available by the instant invention allows true intelligent proxy-controlled arbitrary redirection on network sessions. While the application process 104 is illustrated in the user-mode, it should be recognized by those skilled in the art that the invention is not so limited to only user-mode applications. Indeed, a network application 104 using the services of the gNAT 106 may reside in kernel-mode. In such a situation, the API 108 would also exist in the kernel-mode, and such a situation is within the scope of the instant invention. Further, it should be recognized that the proxy application and the gNAT gateway may be physically located on different computers, and that such implementation is also within the scope of the instant invention.
By generalizing the operation of network address translation and putting that operation under proxy 104 control, the system of the instant invention allows the proxy 104 to achieve a number of benefits. This functionality may be used to redirect sessions to support migration of services for enhanced availability. This functionality is unique to the system of the instant invention in that the application programming interface 108 allows proxy applications 104 to gain explicit control over the translation performed by the gNAT 106, unlike traditional transparent proxies which do not have any control over the NAT to command dynamic address redirection.
Further, since the traditional transparent proxy transfers information between separate network sessions, it typically suffers performance degradation. As discussed, this is because the network data must be received from the network for one of the proxy's sessions, delivered to the user-mode proxy by the kernel-mode network transport, read by the proxy, written to the proxy's other session, transferred to the kernel-mode driver, and transmitted to the network for the proxy's other session. Instead of taking the above steps to copy data from one network session to another, the application programming interface 108 allows such proxies 104 to instruct the network gateway or generalized NAT (gNAT) 106 to translate one network session into another.
As may be seen from the architectural diagram of FIG. 9, the system of the instant invention comprises a kernel-mode translation module 106 that processes packets received from the network and modifies those packets in real-time in accordance with dynamic redirect instructions from the transparent proxy 104. The system further includes a user-mode application programming module 108 that implements the interface invoked by transparent proxy 104. As will become apparent from the following description, the application programming module 108 consists of two API suites that together enable the development of the intelligent transparent proxy of the instant invention.
The first of the two API suites provides the dynamic redirect API routines. These routines allow an application process to redirect to itself all sessions for a certain TCP or UDP port number (e.g., redirecting all HTTP sessions to a local socket). These API routines cause the requests from clients to be translated in such a way that they are delivered by the network gateway to the application process, rather than being forwarded through the normal mechanism to the client's intended server.
The second of the two API suites provides the port-reservation API routines. These routines allow an application process to reserve for itself blocks of TCP or UDP port numbers. In the process of acting as a transparent proxy, the proxy may find it necessary to intervene in the establishment of additional network sessions between a client and a server. In order to do so, the process of the instant invention may need to replace port numbers advertised by clients with port numbers valid on the proxy process's host machine. To address this requirement, routines are provided to allow the transparent proxy to reserve TCP and UDP port numbers for its own use, with the assurance that the reserved numbers will not be allocated for use by any other applications.
The kernel-mode translation module 106 performs the functions of a generalized network address translator (gNAT). This module 106 is implemented in a preferred embodiment as a Windows 2000 driver that registers itself as a firewall driver with the Windows 2000 TCP/IP driver 110. Of course, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that this module may also be adapted to operate in other operating systems without undue experimentation and without departing from the scope and spirit of the instant invention. Therefore, these alternate embodiments are hereby reserved. In its registration, the module 106 supplies an entry-point that is called by the TCP/IP driver 110 upon reception of every incoming packet and before transmission of every outgoing packet. This ensures that all packets will be observed by the kernel-mode translation module 106 before being sent, received, or forwarded.
Each proxy-requested translation is recorded by the kernel-mode translation module 106 as a redirect. Such a redirect consists of a description of the session to be translated, along with a description of the translation to be performed. For example, the description of the translation may state that when a session is detected with source address S and destination address D, translate it so that the source address becomes S' and the destination address becomes D'. When the module 106 detects any new network session, it determines whether there is a redirect that applies to the session. If the module 106 determines that there is a redirect for this session, the redirect is activated. The network session is automatically translated and a mapping is created to ensure that the same translation is done for all packets in the session. The normal processing is then continued on the session's translated packets, causing them to be delivered locally or forwarded depending on the new source and destination.
The user-mode application programming module 108 is also preferably implemented as a Windows 2000 library that is loaded by the transparent proxy application 104. As with the above, the invention is not so limited to a particular operating system, but is applicable to any operating system which allows network communication. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments described herein are by way of illustration and not by way of limitation. A proxy application 104 calls the library 108 to initialize the kernel-mode translation module 106, and then creates one or more redirects for the network sessions to be translated. To allow the proxy 104 to add value and observe the requested sessions, the initial redirects commanded by the proxy 104 provide redirection of all message packets up to the proxy 104.
Using the API routines provided by the NAT API 108, a process might act as a transparent proxy for HTTP sessions, for example, by starting up, binding to a local socket, and initializing the transparent proxy API library on the network gateway machine. The transparent proxy 104 then retrieves the address of its local socket and invokes the transparent proxy API 108 to create a 'dynamic port-redirect' for TCP port number 80 (which is the HTTP port) using its local socket's address. While this exemplary operation is described for an HTTP port, one skilled in the art will recognize that the dynamic port-redirect may be accomplished for any port number.
The port-redirect command tells the API library 108 to instruct the network gateway that all sessions destined for TCP port number 80 must be directed instead to the transparent proxy's socket. As a client starts an Internet browser, it sends a connection-request to TCP port number 80 of a server on the Internet through the network gateway. The network gateway determines that the client's connection-request matches the transparent proxy's commanded redirect, and it triggers the kernel-mode network address translation module 106.
The kernel-mode translation module 106 changes the destination address of the client's connection-request to be the local address of the transparent proxy's socket, records the change made in a translation mapping, and returns the connection request to the network gateway. The network gateway forwards the client's connection-request, which is now destined for the transparent proxy instead of the Internet server to which the request was originally sent. The transparent proxy 104 receives the client's connection-request and invokes the transparent proxy API 108 to determine the address of the Internet server to which the request was originally sent. The transparent proxy 104 performs processing on the client's request, including optionally initiating a secondary connection on the client's behalf to the original target Internet server or to another server or servers. The transparent proxy 104 then sends responses to the client, which pass through the network gateway and are translated by the kernel-mode translation module 106 so that the client continues to believe that it is communicating with its original target Internet server.
In a preferred embodiment, the library 108 provides routines to perform at least the initializing and shutting down of the library. The initialization ensures that the kernel-mode translation module 106 is loaded and registered in preparation for translating network sessions. The shutting down of the library concludes the proxy's use of the kernel-mode translation module, which may be unloaded if it has no other clients. Further, the library 108 also includes routines for creating a redirect for a network service. This operation supplies information identifying a network service, along with information describing the translation to be done for all clients of the network service. Its protocol, its destination port, its replacement destination IP address, and its replacement destination port identify a network service. The protocol indicates the transport-layer protocol of the network session, which may be either TCP or UDP. The destination port indicates the port number of the network service, e.g. port 80 for the HTTP service. Any client attempting to connect to this port on any Internet server is then redirected to the host given as part of this dynamic redirect.
The replacement destination IP address indicates the IP address of the host to which any matching session should be redirected. The replacement destination port indicates the port number to which any matching session should be redirected on the given host. By replacing the port number rather than retaining the service's original port number, a transparent proxy can be more flexible about which port number can be used for the socket on which it accepts clients' requests. The library also provides retrieving of the original destination for a redirected network session. This operation supplies the original source and destination for a network session which has been redirected by the network gateway, given the post-redirection source and destination for the session. This information is retrieved by the network gateway from the translation mapping maintained by the kernel-mode translation module 106 for each translated session. Finally, the library provides routines to cancel a redirect for a network session. This operation revokes a previous translation-request issued by the proxy 104.
The port-reservation API is implemented as part of the Windows 2000 library 108 that contains the dynamic redirect API routines. The transparent proxy 104 calls the library upon initialization, and then creates one or more port pools that contain port numbers reserved from the network gateway's range of TCP and UDP port numbers. The proxy can then reserve and release port numbers from the created pools. The routines provided by the library include creating and destroying a port reservation, and acquiring and releasing a port number. The creation of a port reservation prepares the network gateway to receive requests for port numbers from the library, and returns a handle to the network application that can be used for requesting port numbers. The destroying of a port reservation destroys a handle supplied by the previous operation, returning all outstanding port numbers to the network gateway. The acquiring of a port number from a reservation requests one or more contiguous port numbers from the network gateway. Finally, the releasing of a port number to a reservation returns one or more previously acquired contiguous port numbers to the network gateway.
The operation of translating network sessions at the transport-layer is illustrated in FIG. 10 to which specific reference is now made. Upon establishment of a network session by the receipt of network data on session line 112, the data is communicated to the proxy 104. Upon processing by the proxy 104, this initial data is copied to a second session 114, and transmitted to the network by the driver 110. This initial operation is much like a traditional proxy, except that the gNAT 106 may transparently redirect the data to the proxy 104 even if the client process is not aware of the network application, much like a traditional transparent proxy. Unlike a traditional or transparent proxy, the transparent proxy 104 of the instant invention is now able to utilize the API 108 to command (illustrated by line 116) a dynamic redirect so that further data transitions from kernel-mode to user-mode are no longer required. This establishes a fast-path for proxy-like applications in which datagrams must be copied from one session to another. This fast-path transfer is ideal for data streaming applications, on-line gaming, multi-party conferencing, etc.
Once the proxy 104 has determined that a dynamic redirect is appropriate and such has been commanded of the gNAT 106, it establishes a dynamic redirect mapping 118. All network data that is received from the network for the proper proxy's session (as determined by the gNAT 106 in accordance with its commanded dynamic redirect 118) is automatically translated by the gNAT 106 so that its transport-layer address matches the proxy's other session. This data is then transmitted to the network for the proxy's other session. Graphically, this dynamic redirection at the transport layer is illustrated by line 120. As may be seen from line 120, the communication of the data to the network server no longer requires that the data go through two kernel-user mode translations, i.e. the trip to the proxy 104 is short circuited. Likewise, return data on line 122 may also be dynamically redirected to the client if so commanded by the proxy 104. The approach allows such applications to achieve a considerable improvement in their performance.
This performance improvement becomes vividly apparent if the initial communication on line 112 opens an ftp control session carrying an ftp get file request. Under a traditional transparent proxy scenario, the ftp data channel created to receive the file requested would first be passed from the kernel-mode to the user-mode to the proxy, and then would be passed back down to the kernel-mode to be forwarded to the client. As may well be imagined, this process incurs significant performance degradation, especially if the file is quite large. Under the system of the instant invention, however, the network application 104 may open a data session that does not require any transitions to the user-mode by commanding a dynamic redirection at the transport-layer. Now, as the data is received from the ftp server, the gNAT 106 performs the dynamic redirection in accordance with the intelligent transparent proxy's command. The destination address of the data is simply translated and passed to the client as indicated by line 122. Significant performance improvement is achieved in this way.
The system of the instant invention also allows session payload editing. Certain applications include addressing information within the data streams of their sessions. For instance, many streaming applications use a control session to establish a secondary data session similar to that described above. This poses a problem for a traditional NAT in its primary application, i.e. transparent sharing of a single Internet connection among multiple machines. When running on clients that are sharing a connection, such applications would send private, unreachable addressing information to remote peers, and the latter would be unable to respond to the clients' requests. To solve this problem, the system of the instant invention supports an extensible means of modifying a session's application-layer data in flight, beyond the modifications made to the session's network-layer and transport-layer addressing information. Extensibility is achieved by allowing third-party drivers to inspect the application-layer data in each packet received for a session, and to edit the application data in each packet. These editors register themselves with the gNAT of the instant invention as handlers for a specific TCP/UDP port number, and are henceforth invoked for each message translated in matching sessions.
In operational terms, the dynamic redirection made available by the system of the instant invention is illustrated in FIG. 11. As illustrated therein, a client process C1 on a private network 123 sends a message packet destined to server S1 on a public network 125. The apparent path of the message packet is as illustrated by dashed line 127. However, when the message packet hits the dynamic redirect 129 of the gateway machine 131 running the intelligent transparent proxy application, the message packet is redirected to a proxy session 133. The intelligent transparent proxy of the instant invention then services this message packet by, in this case, forwarding it to a second session 135 for transport to the server S1. The proxy could have denied the message packet, forwarded it to a local server (not shown) for servicing, serviced the message itself, etc.
Typical transparent proxies also service the responsive communication from the server S1 as a matter of course. While this is also possible with the intelligent transparent proxy of the instant invention, it may decide to open a fast-path data transfer session and forego transitions to and from the user-mode in the gateway machine. The proxy accomplishes this by commanding a dynamic redirect to be mapped in the gNAT. When the server S1 responds (illustrated by line 137), the message packet is seen by the gNAT, which verifies that it has a proxy commanded redirect for that message, and is redirected at the transport-layer to the client C1 as indicated by line 139. This transmit-proxy, receive-NAT functional operation significantly improves the performance of the system, especially in situations of data streaming, multi-party conferencing, multi-party gaming, etc.
A further dynamic redirection that may be commanded by the intelligent transparent proxy of the instant invention is illustrated in FIG. 12. A client C1 may wish to establish a session with server S1 by addressing messages thereto. This is the apparent session from the client C1's point of view, as illustrated by the dashed line 124. However, when the gNAT machine 126 detects the message from C1 addressed to S1, it checks to determine if a dynamic redirect exists for such a session as discussed above. As illustrated in FIG. 12, a dynamic redirect 128 does exist to forward the message to the proxy session 141. The proxy may include a translation of both the source and destination addresses such that the messages are actually forwarded by the proxy to server S2 with an indication that the source was C2. From the server S2'S point of view, an apparent session 130 has been established between S2 and C2. The actual session 132 that has been established is between C1 and S2, although neither C1 nor S2 knows that this is the case. Each of the required translations is accomplished transparently.
As described above, the intelligent transparent proxy may use the NAT API 108 (see FIG. 9) to command a dynamic redirect in the gNAT 106 so that when messages are received from server S2 they may be properly routed to the correct client (C1). This dynamic redirection may be commanded to take place at the transport-layer (kernel-mode) to speed performance, or may require that the messages be forwarded up to the proxy for processing prior to being delivered to the client. Indeed, the proxy may decide not to forward the message at all (e.g. based on site blocking or parental control programming within the proxy). Since the gNAT allows dynamic address translation of both source and destination IP addresses, the proxy can command various translations that may be made at the transport-layer, establishing any number of apparent sessions as desired. Placing this dynamic redirection ability under the explicit control of the proxy provides significant advantages, not the least of which is performance improvement. Indeed, this system allows the benefits of both proxies and NATs to be achieved at each data session. Further, these advantages may be maximized under proxy control for each session, i.e. for the transmission, reception, and redirection of message flow as well as for control versus data sessions.
All of the references cited herein, including patents, patent applications, and publications, are hereby incorporated in their entireties by reference.
In view of the many possible embodiments to which the principles of this invention may be applied, it should be recognized that the embodiment described herein with respect to the drawing figures is meant to be illustrative only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of invention. For example, those of skill in the art will recognize that the elements of the illustrated embodiment shown in software may be implemented in hardware and vice versa or that the illustrated embodiment can be modified in arrangement and detail without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention as described herein contemplates all such embodiments as may come within the scope of the following claims and equivalents thereof.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|12 Sep 1997
|21 Dec 1999
|Sun Microsystems, Inc.
|Source address directed message delivery
|23 Apr 1998
|2 May 2000
|Lucent Technologies Remote Access Business Unit
|System and method for network address translation as an external service in the access server of a service provider
|24 Mar 1998
|3 Oct 2000
|Fujitsu Limited
|Address-translating connection device
|17 Aug 1998
|24 Jul 2001
|International Business Machines Corporation
|System and method for IP network address translation and IP filtering with dynamic address resolution
|20 Oct 1998
|27 Nov 2001
|Sitara Networks, Inc.
|Enhanced network communication
|29 Jun 1998
|9 Jul 2002
|Nortel Networks, Limited
|Method for synchronizing network address translator (NAT) tables using the open shortest path first opaque link state advertisement option protocol
|23 Mar 1999
|10 Dec 2002
|Nortel Networks Limited
|Domain name resolution in a network having multiple overlapping address domains
|23 Jan 2001
|4 Mar 2003
|Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.
|Router for which a logical network address which is not unique to the router is the gateway address in default routing table entries
|"Nevod Adds Native Suport for Multi-Player Games Including Diablo/Starcraft/Battle.net and Activison/Battlezone to its NAT1000 Internet Sharing Product Line," Nevod, Inc., Press Release, Dec. 14, 1998, http://www.nevod.com/products/nat1000_95.html.
|"Ositis Software Announces the Launch of WinProxy 3.0, The Complete Internet Sharing Soluction," Ositis Software, Press Release, Aug. 10, 1999.
|"Windows 2000 Network Address Translator," Microsoft Corporation, Apr. 23, 1999.
|"Windows NT Network Address Translator," Microsoft Corporation, Oct. 3, 1998.
|F. Langa ed., "Easy, Low-Cost Web Access," Windows Magazine, n 1006A, Jun. 15, 1999.
|F. Langa ed., "High-Speed Surfing," Windows Magazine, n 1002, Feb. 1, 1999.
|K. Egevang et al., "The IP Network Address Translator (NAT)," Network Working Group, May 1994. [web page], http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1631.txt. [Accessed Jan. 22, 2000].
|M. Chatel, "Classical versus Transparent IP Proxies," Network Working Group, Mar. 1999, [web page]. http://www.ietf.org/rfc1919.txt. [Accessed May 9, 2000].
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|6 Apr 2001
|3 Jan 2006
|Permeo Technologies, Inc.
|Dynamic port management
|29 Mar 2002
|22 Aug 2006
|Intel Corporation
|Method and system for distributing applications
|16 Jul 2001
|23 Jan 2007
|2Wire, Inc.
|System and method for selectively bridging and routing data packets between multiple networks
|28 Aug 2000
|15 May 2007
|Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
|Method and system for setting up a telephone conference call in a switched telephone network through the internet
|11 May 2004
|6 Nov 2007
|Microsoft Corporation
|Method of session payload editing
|15 Mar 2001
|6 Nov 2007
|Intel Corporation
|Generic external proxy
|20 Dec 2001
|1 Jan 2008
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Network management system
|21 Nov 2000
|29 Jul 2008
|Microsoft Corporation
|Client-server communications system and method using a semi-connectionless protocol
|22 Sep 2005
|19 May 2009
|Motorola, Inc.
|Multi-modal communication using a session specific proxy server
|22 Mar 2002
|15 Sep 2009
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|Expediting port release in distributed networks
|1 Feb 2005
|29 Dec 2009
|Microsoft Corporation
|Dispatching network connections in user-mode
|18 Jun 2008
|19 Jan 2010
|The Directv Group, Inc.
|System and method for content filtering
|9 Dec 2004
|2 Mar 2010
|Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.
|Communication device suitable for setting IP address of server connected to network, network parameter setting method and network parameter setting program product
|15 Mar 2005
|23 Mar 2010
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method and apparatus for proxying initial client requests to support asynchronous resource initialization
|21 Nov 2006
|30 Mar 2010
|O2Micro International Ltd.
|Method and apparatus for distributing data packets by using multi-network address translation
|11 Aug 2005
|24 Aug 2010
|I2Telecom Ip Holdings, Inc.
|System and method for sharing an IP address
|31 Aug 2006
|23 Nov 2010
|Sap Ag
|Systems and methods of migrating sessions between computer systems
|20 Aug 2007
|14 Dec 2010
|Phatak Dhananjay S
|Spread identity communications architecture
|3 Jan 2007
|20 Sep 2011
|Motorola Solutions, Inc.
|Expandable text messaging service protocol for use with a two-way radio transceiver
|1 Feb 2010
|22 May 2012
|Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.
|Communication device suitable for setting IP address of server connected to network, network parameter setting method and network parameter settting program product
|11 Jan 2010
|11 Sep 2012
|Nomadix, Inc.
|Systems and methods for providing dynamic network authorization, authentication and accounting
|19 Dec 2011
|11 Sep 2012
|Nomadix, Inc.
|Systems and methods for providing content and services on a network system
|20 Oct 2011
|14 May 2013
|Apple Inc.
|NAT traversal for media conferencing
|14 May 2010
|21 May 2013
|Research In Motion Limited
|System and method for managing communication for component applications
|30 Sep 2009
|22 Oct 2013
|Inside Secure
|Application gateway system and method for maintaining security in a packet-switched information network
|20 Oct 2011
|29 Oct 2013
|Apple Inc.
|NAT traversal for media conferencing
|9 Nov 2010
|10 Dec 2013
|Dhananjay S. Phatak
|Spread identity communications architecture
|26 Feb 2009
|17 Dec 2013
|Microsoft Corporation
|Redirection of secure data connection requests
|22 Sep 2005
|15 Apr 2014
|Motorola Mobility Llc
|Multi-modal communication using a session specific proxy server
|22 Sep 2005
|22 Jul 2014
|Motorola Mobility Llc
|Multi-modal communication using a session specific proxy server
|28 Dec 2001
|5 Aug 2014
|Motorola Mobility Llc
|Multi-modal communication using a session specific proxy server
|19 Dec 2011
|24 Feb 2015
|Emc Corporation
|Techniques for dynamic binding of device identifiers to data storage devices
|31 Mar 2015
|13 Oct 2015
|Nomadix, Inc.
|Systems and methods for controlling user perceived connection speed
|17 Jun 2013
|5 Apr 2016
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Electronic apparatus, network system and method for establishing private network
|23 Feb 2016
|19 Jul 2016
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Proxy based data transfer utilizing direct memory access
|11 May 2016
|15 Nov 2016
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Proxy based data transfer utilizing direct memory access
|18 Jul 2014
|17 Jan 2017
|Nomadix, Inc.
|Systems and methods for providing content and services on a network system
|19 Oct 2016
|25 Apr 2017
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Proxy based data transfer utilizing direct memory access
|16 Jul 2001
|28 Feb 2002
|Lo Kwoktung B.
|System and method for selectively bridging and routing data packets between multiple networks
|5 Dec 2000
|6 Jun 2002
|Eard Douglas F.
|Technique to transfer data over a network
|15 Mar 2001
|19 Sep 2002
|Warrier Ulhas S.
|Generic external proxy
|20 Dec 2001
|19 Sep 2002
|Atsushi Shibata
|Network management system
|10 Jun 2002
|6 Feb 2003
|4Th Pass Inc.
|Method and system for two-way initiated data communication with wireless devices
|10 Sep 2001
|13 Mar 2003
|Phomsopha Bounthavivone K.
|Supporting real-time multimedia applications via a network address translator
|19 Nov 2001
|20 Mar 2003
|Jun Haneda
|Address conversion apparatus, monitoring apparatus, and computer-readable medium storing a program thereof
|7 Dec 2001
|12 Jun 2003
|Tatu Ylonen
|Application gateway system, and method for maintaining security in a packet-switched information network
|28 Dec 2001
|24 Jul 2003
|Senaka Balasuriya
|Multi-modal communication using a session specific proxy server
|29 Mar 2002
|2 Oct 2003
|Rajic Hrabri L.
|Method and system for distributing applications
|24 Apr 2003
|11 Dec 2003
|Asaf Wexler
|Transparent proxy server
|27 Jun 2002
|8 Jan 2004
|Yury Kamen
|Method and system for wrapping existing web-based applications producing web services
|27 Aug 2002
|18 Mar 2004
|International Business Machine Corporation
|Quasi-high availability hosted applications
|25 Sep 2002
|25 Mar 2004
|Rainer Stademann
|System and method for repelling attack data streams on network nodes in a communications network
|11 May 2004
|21 Oct 2004
|Microsoft Corporation
|Method of session payload editing
|4 Apr 2002
|20 Jan 2005
|Rhee Jai-Hyoung
|Method for implementing transparent gateway or proxy in a network
|11 May 2004
|27 Jan 2005
|Microsoft Corporation
|Method of operation of an intelligent transpartent gateway during an FTP session
|22 Sep 2005
|26 Jan 2006
|Senaka Balasuriya
|Multi-modal communication using a session specific proxy server
|11 Aug 2005
|16 Feb 2006
|I2 Telecom International, Inc.
|System and method for sharing an IP address
|9 Dec 2004
|16 Mar 2006
|Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.
|Communication device suitable for setting IP address of server connected to network, network parameter setting method and network parameter setting program product
|22 Sep 2005
|11 May 2006
|Senaka Balasuriya
|Multi-modal communication using a session specific proxy server
|22 Sep 2005
|18 May 2006
|Senaka Balasuriya
|Multi-modal communication using a session specific proxy server
|1 Feb 2005
|3 Aug 2006
|Microsoft Corporation
|Dispatching network connections in user-mode
|15 Mar 2005
|21 Sep 2006
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method and Apparatus for Proxying Initial Client Requests to Support Asynchronous Resource Initialization
|7 Mar 2006
|13 Sep 2007
|Nokia Corporation
|System for Uniform Addressing of Home Resources Regardless of Remote Clients Network Location
|14 Aug 2006
|13 Dec 2007
|Color City Enterprise Co., Ltd.
|Internet access method and apparatus for an internet phone
|4 Aug 2006
|14 Feb 2008
|Seven Lights, Llc
|Systems and methods for a scouting report in online gaming
|4 Aug 2006
|14 Feb 2008
|Seven Lights, Llc
|Systems and methods for multi-character online gaming
|4 Aug 2006
|14 Feb 2008
|Seven Lights, Llc
|Systems and methods for character development in online gaming
|31 Aug 2006
|6 Mar 2008
|Sap Ag
|Systems and methods of migrating sessions between computer systems
|21 Nov 2006
|22 May 2008
|Zhiming Wang
|Method and apparatus for distributing data packets by using multi-network address translation
|14 Aug 2007
|5 Jun 2008
|Rhee Jai-Hyoung
|Method for implementing transparent gateway or proxy in a network
|3 Jan 2007
|3 Jul 2008
|Motorola, Inc.
|Expandable text messaging service protocol for use with a two-way radio transceiver
|18 Jun 2008
|9 Oct 2008
|Chong Lester J
|System and method for content filtering
|2 Jun 2006
|13 Nov 2008
|Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
|Method and Apparatus for Implementing Signaling Proxy
|31 May 2007
|4 Dec 2008
|Microsoft Corporation
|Agnostic Network Architecture
|20 Aug 2007
|29 Jan 2009
|Phatak Dhananjay S
|Spread identity communications architecture
|30 Sep 2009
|28 Jan 2010
|Safenet, Inc.
|Application gateway system and method for maintaining security in a packet-switched information network
|11 Jan 2010
|6 May 2010
|Nomadix, Inc.
|Systems and methods for providing dynamic network authorization, authentication and accounting
|18 Mar 2010
|22 Jul 2010
|O2Micro, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for distributing data packets to multiple network addresses
|26 Feb 2009
|26 Aug 2010
|Microsoft Corporation
|Redirection of secure data connection requests
|14 May 2010
|2 Sep 2010
|Michael Shenfield
|System and method for managing communication for component applications
|19 Dec 2011
|19 Apr 2012
|Nomadix, Inc.
|Systems and methods for providing content and services on a network system
|17 Jun 2013
|24 Apr 2014
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd
|Electronic apparatus, network system and method for establishing private network
|19 Oct 2016
|11 May 2017
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Proxy based data transfer utilizing direct memory access
|11 Nov 2015
|11 May 2017
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Proxy based data transfer utilizing direct memory access
|28 Jun 2013
|1 May 2014
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Electronic apparatus, network system and method for establishing private network
|U.S. Classification
|709/227, 719/328, 709/245
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|20 Jun 2000
Owner name: MICROSOFT CORPORATION, WASHINGTON
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GBADEGESIN, ABOLADE;REEL/FRAME:010915/0882
Effective date: 20000519
|23 Nov 2007
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|20 Sep 2011
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|9 Dec 2014
Owner name: MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING, LLC, WASHINGTON
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MICROSOFT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:034541/0001
Effective date: 20141014
|9 Dec 2015
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Baseball (1)
Body Boarding (1)
Boxing (1)
Cricket (1)
Football & Soccer (1)
Golf (1)
Rugby (1)
Skiing (1)
Snooker and Pool (1)
Snowboarding (1)
Ultimate Frisbee (1)
|Live Tennis Online HD
Here you can watch Entire year tennis tournament live streaming such as ATP World Tour, WTA Tour, US open, French Open.http://www.livetennisonline.com
|Rating: Total Votes: 0
|best football academy in mumbai
Best multi sport academies, We conduct sports events in India. We promote all sports and sports lovers all across the world. Khiladi Connect conducts sports tours and is also involved in sports curriculum for schools. It is India's first ever Sports Networking and Career Management Platform – for talent scouts.http://www.khiladiconnect.com/
|Rating: Total Votes: 0
|Sports Accessories
Huge range of Sports accessories at 1800sports.in. sports equipment that includes Brands, Cosco,Nivia,Fox,Novafit of other including sports accessories products .free delivery. Cash on Delivery.http://www.1800sports.in/sports-accessories.html
|Rating: Total Votes: 0
|Kung Fu , CT
Westport Boxing offers a wide range of Physical Arts and disciplines. Grow your skills in Kung Fu, Karate, kickboxing, Wing Chun arts with experienced guidance of professionals and trainers at Calasanz Physical Arts and fitness system & Westport Boxing. Call us today (203) 847-6528 to register yourself for our training programs.http://westportboxing.com/index.php/offerings
|Rating: Total Votes: 0
|Sports Tv Hub
Watch Live Sports Channels with Live streaming All Sports Events. International Sports Channels Online with free of popular Sports.http://sportstvhub.com/
|Rating: Total Votes: 0
No News in this category.
No Articles in this category Add an Article now.


text:
New research project will examine the needs of Mexico's unbanked residents aged 18 to 35.
Plans to rehabilitate Nepalese credit unions destroyed in recent earthquakes are in the works.
The IASB credit loss standard would be less burdensome on credit unions.
WOCCU warns the Basel Committee's guidance could change how U.S. credit unions account for credit losses.
The June 2014 Ebola outbreak led to a nine-month suspension of the project.
New credit risk measurement proposal could put bank loans out of reach for some smaller CUs, WOCCU says.
Working toward gender balance is good for business and the credit union industry.
Explore ways to establish and maintain relationships with young members.
The U.S. leaders share their plans to take credit unions to embargo-free Cuba.
See a round up of the latest credit unions and industry organizations to join the national ALS Ice Bucket Challenge.


text:
- Home
- Consensus
- Shuttle
- Signal
- Vault
- Regulatory
- Company
- Contact
- Newsletter
Customers complete second round of successful AIFMD Annex IV regulatory filings
DUBLIN, LONDON, NEW YORK May 1, 2014 — Advise Technologies, LLC, an award-winning software solutions provider for investment managers, announced today that it has hired a new General Manager for Europe, Tom Cahill.
This announcement comes as Advise customers complete a second round of successful Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (AIFMD) Annex IV filings with European regulators.
As part of a continued commitment to Europe and growth in its European client base, Advise has expanded its European presence with local staff to provide the highest level of service to clients.
Bringing 20 years' experience in the IT and software sectors, Tom has grown and led European operations at a number of technology companies, with special emphasis on reporting and analytics in the financial services industry. While Vice President EMEA at Jaspersoft (now part of Tibco) Tom and his team established clear market leadership in the largest European countries. Under Tom's management, Interxion (NYSE:INXN) provided managed services for some of the best-known European names in finance. Tom has successfully started and scaled R&D, customer services, helpdesk, sales and marketing functions with local teams in Ireland, the UK, France, Germany and throughout Europe.
"Having watched Advise's development for almost two years, and having witnessed this team establish clear market dominance and thought leadership, I'm fortunate to join the company at this very critical time. The market is developing daily in Europe and I firmly believe that Advise is perfectly positioned to deliver the most comprehensive solution set available and to develop ahead of the curve to meet the current and future needs of Fund Managers throughout the EEA."
Advise founder Doug Schwenk stated "Advise leads the market in the US today and we now have every opportunity to play a lead role in Europe. Since first meeting Tom in 2012 I had no doubt that his particular mix of experience and skills would bring value to the company and to our customers and partners. Advise is delighted to have someone of Tom's ability on board to lead and grow our European operations".
The AIFMD electronic filing solution is available on Advise's Consensus RMS platform, which provides the foundation for a robust and repeatable reporting process. Advise first launched an AIFMD module last year and has continued to update it to comply with ongoing guidance from the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) and member state regulators.
For additional information on Advise's AIFMD electronic filing solution or other products, please contact:
+44 (0)20 7043 4448
+1 (212) 576-1170
Thursday, November 16, 2017
Thursday, November 9, 2017
Wednesday, October 25, 2017


text:
Home -> NCAA -> Duke Blue Devils -> Duke Blue Devils Nike "NCAA Conference Legacy 91 Team Color Charcoal Hat"
Show your support for the NCAA and the Duke Blue Devils this year with the Duke Blue Devils NCAA Conference Legacy 91 Team Color Charcoal Hat. Rain or shine, this RoyalBlue/Charcoal hat will keep you in style all year long. Stay comfortable and cool with this structured hat, featuring a normal bill and medium crown. Imported and made of woven spandex, woven cotton, and woven polyester, this product requires easy spot clean product care. Represent your favorite team and sport all year long with Duke Blue Devils Hats from .
Other Products