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Mrs. L.F (Existing Landlord)
Thank you so much for all your help and support in getting the flat let and arranged. I really appreciate it.
All the best
19th December 2016
Mr. A.A (New tenants)
Thanks for all your support.
20th November 2016
Ms. L.B (Landlord)
I couldn't have picked a better tennat myself. Thanks for all your hard work.
19th November 2016
Ms. L.F (Landlord)
This is all marvellous. Thank you.I really appreciate this, it's so kind of you
15th November 2016
29th March 2016
Thank you for all the support extended so far and I must mention that it has been a pleasent experience being a Rentals and Sales Tenant.
Mr. A.S ( Tenant)
24th July 2015
I have been impressed with Rentals & Sales on the whole and would certainly recommend you / use you again.Mr. R.E (Tenant)
4th July 2015
Thanks for all your assistance in making it such a quick and swift turnaround, it is very much appreciated….Thanks for being so amazingMr. I.O (Tenant)
16th May 2015
I know that my mother and uncle both dealt with you for a very long time and she always spoke very highly of you. I am extremely grateful for this offer as well as everything that you have done for my family.Mr. S.C (Landlord)
16th February 2015
Thanks again for all you help, you have been very patient answering all my questions and getting all the checks through which has been very much appreciatedMrs. K.O. (Tenant)
28th January 2015
Excellent service as always!Mr. F.C. (Investor / Landlord since 1998)
27th January 2015
I want to thank Rentals and Sales for taking good care of me and to your contractors who were always polite.Ms. S.D (Tenant)
19th November 2014
We have used Rentals & Sales for a few years now and found them really helpful and very good.Mrs. B.Z. (Landlord)
17th November 2014
I just wanted to say thank you to you and your colleagues for bringing about a successful conclusion to this matter.Mr. A.W (Vendor)
14th November 2014
Many thanks for all your service and amazing support. Were so happy with all of you and wish all the best for the future and all the best.Mr & Mrs. W.B (Tenants)
7th November 2014
You are a star. Saving me doing it myself and winding myself up to a fury is totally worth the management fees!!!Ms L.B (Landlord)
4th November 2014
You have been a lovely management agent, always so quick to respond and very friendly. All the best to you too.Miss J. D.P (Tenant)
3rd November 2014
Thanks a lot for all your help over the past 5 years
Ms L.A.W (Tenant)
14th October 2014
Many thanks for looking after my properties since 1994 and for the continued service.Mr S.R. (Landlord)
9th October 2014
Thanks for all your time and attention. You are one diamond geezer.
J.R (Vendor)
9th October 2014
Thank you again for all your help, and especially so for all your quick correspondence! I am highly impressed and extremely thankful; you've been an absolute MASSIVE help throughout my transitional period to London, so I cannot thank you enough!
K.S (Tenant)
6th October 2014
That is amazing! You have done a great turnaround job here (with the refurbishment) - 5 weeks from the last tenants is the best I could have hoped for. Thanks!
T.D (Landlord)
3rd October 2014
Fantastic! Thank you for all your help in getting this done in such a short space of time!
Ms C S (Tenant)
Thanks again for all your help and advice over the last few days…you have made everything go so smoothly!
Ms T Wimbledon (Landlord)
25 April 2014
Thank-you very much for your useful services to date. I certainly intend to request them again....... I do hope you will continue to administer the getting of references and the subsequent following up of these yourselves rather than outsource this to a separate referencing company.
Very Best Wishes
T.H (Landlord)
18 March 2014
I would like to sincerely thank you for all you help, assistance and professional service over many years for Mr & Mrs Patel.
Kind Regards
S.W (Landlord)
31st January 2014
I wanted to thank you for the excellent service you have given over the years. I really appreciate knowing that the flat is in good hands. You are responsive, take time to look at options that are in my interests as a landlord, respectful of the tennant and good at managing any conflict that may arise.
Paul (Landlord)
12th December 2013
I would like to firstly say it has been a pleasure renting from your agency. I would highly recommend your company to friends and family for your high customer service and professionalism.
With regret I am giving one month's notice to terminate my contract and vacate the current property I occupy.
I have decided to move on to a bigger flat in a different area and will start to move my things out over the next few weeks.
Thank you for all your help.
Krs, AF (Tenant)
11th December 2013
Thanks for all your help in advance - you've been invaluable to me!
Vas (Landlord)
15th November 2013
Thank you to all the team and especially you and Diana for all the hard work - I really appreciate it and am very grateful for your on-going support.
Leila (Landlord)
2nd March 2012
I managed to find Rental & Sales.co.uk through one of the main property search sites online and I was pleasantly surprised with both the choice of accommodation and the service offered by their staff. I had been looking for a one bedroom flat near my new place of work in Clapham and one of my very first viewings was through Rental & Sales.co.uk. Their friendly and helpful office staff managed to arrange a viewing almost straightaway and I was most impressed with the property. It was quiet, clean, newly refurbished, 20 minutes' walk from work and within my budget. After plenty of time to look around and ask questions, I decided to put down a holding deposit, which was taken by another very helpful member of their office team. The agent who showed me around the flat gave me a thorough overview of the process involved, from the initial deposit through to handover of keys. She was extremely polite and very helpful. Rest assured, the company do not do anything by halves and a full credit check, bank statements, payslips, employer and tenancy references were all required before a tenancy agreement could be signed and keys handed over. Although this was quite involved, I was reassured that this was indeed a very reputable and professional company with excellent working practices and skilled and well-trained staff. Thorough checks seem to ensure reliable and appropriate tenants are found for their properties.
Throughout my 6-month tenancy I did not come across a single problem with the property. Setting up and closing utilities was straightforward and after a final check of the flat my deposit was returned to me almost immediately.
I am most grateful to the staff and management of Rental & Sales for both the fantastic property and also their thoroughly professional service. I would highly recommend this agency to anyone who needs to find a property within the South East London catchment area – you really won't find a more competitive and well-qualified service.
Suraj (Tenant)


text:
April 25, 2016 at The Bowery Electric in New York.
Celebrating Kevie Kev Rockwell (Fantastic 5 MC's ) Induction to the Hip Hop Hall Of Fame.
Special Guests TZ Islam + Prince Whipper Whip
+ The MM All Stars – Operator Emz, Natasha Diggs, Joey Carvello, Misbehaviour, $MoneyMike$ & Just Blaze
MOBILE MONDAYS!!! We are ….Punk Rock, New Wave, and Soul, Pop Music, Salsa, Rock and Roll, Calypso, Reggae, Rhythm and Blues, Disco and anything else classic and danceable -all on 45 RPM singles.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
This past week in Northern Alberta we've seen an entire city of 80,000 evacuated from homes that many won't ever see again. The devastating wildfires in Ft. Mac have left many without homes, treasured memories collected and so much more.
My family has directly benefited for over 7 years from the employment opportunities available in the Ft. Mac community and
as we seek ways to help ease the needs of many, this month I am donating 20% of all sales made online at pammie.ctmh.com to aid in purchasing supplies & necessities to go directly to the Ft. Mac evacuees.
Additionally with a purchase of any of our Province Stamps, I will donate 40% of those sales to the Red Cross.
YOU CAN HELP! Click Shop Now and join the ALBERTA STRONG, FT. MAC FUNDRAISER gathering.
YOU can make a difference.


text:
NEW YORK, May 5 (Reuters) - Larry Robbins, founder and chief executive of hedge fund Glenview Capital Management, said on Monday that he saw significant value in health maintenance organizations and favored WellPoint Inc. and Humana Inc .
Robbins, whose hedge fund oversees $7.5 billion, said at the Sohn Conference in New York that Humana could see 30 percent to 40 percent growth.
Robbins also said he was excited about Monsanto Co over the medium term and said the stock is cheap.
Reporting by Sam Forgione; Editing by Leslie Adler


text:
Asteroth is a male demon, and generally one of the less passionate demons. More cerebral in his overall temperament, his presence and influence are never the less typically seen as threatening and toxic, and his advice as corrupting. Care to guess what he advises people to do? What he teaches?
Sex? Lie? No. Crafts and the humanities, invention. It's thought that if one is inspired by Asteroth, they will not place adequate faith in divine authority.


text:
State Excise Tax on Certain Construction Equipment. Information for businesses from the. What is Meant by "Certain Construction Equipment?". self-propelled building equipment; pile drivers; motorized scaffolding;
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Construction Equipment
Information for businesses
from the
The rate is 5% on the purchase of this certain construction equipment, and applies everywhere in the State of Iowa.
The lease or rental of equipment to contractors for direct and primary use in construction is exempt from the tax.
It is not subject to Iowa sales tax or local option tax.
The state sales or use tax permit is the only permit required.
515-281-3114 or
1-800-367-3388 (Iowa, Omaha, Rock Island, Moline)


text:
Matheson Continues Effort To Modify Health Care Reform Bill As It Advances In The House
Congressman Jim Matheson today will offer changes to the draft health care bill in the House Energy and Commerce Committee as debate resumes on a comprehensive overhaul of health care.
"We have an historic opportunity to transform our health care system into one that meets the needs of all Americans," Matheson said. "We cannot pass up this moment to help control the skyrocketing costs that threaten access to care, and the stability of every family's and business owner's budget."
Matheson said his goals include looking for every penny of savings within our current public programs, to be more aggressive in implementing innovative delivery system reforms and to provide assistance for individuals, families and small businesses to help them purchase health care without bankrupting the federal government.
Matheson said he would offer several amendments in committee, including one to reform medical malpractice; and one to create state based exchanges including cooperative models that will not be run by the federal government.
"We spend -by farmore than any other country in the world on health care, and outcomes are only average, in many instances. We need to get more bang for our buck and to do that, we need to remove the perverse incentives that reward inefficient, high-cost care and rob us of our ability to take care of everyone who needs it."
Source: http://matheson.house.gov/press2009/090730.shtml


text:
We are a notable name in the domain offering the best in class and quality Steering Parts. Located in Ludhiana(India), ours is the name trusted for meeting the exact requirements of the clients.
T. S. Engineers
No. 11190/4, Near Petrol Pump, Sangeet Cinema Road, Punjab - 123456, India
A prominent supplier of huge range of Steering Levers Parts.
Emson Tools Mfg. Corporation Ltd.
D-2, Phase-v, Focal Point, Dhandari Kala, Punjab - 141010, India
We are well known for exporting of wide variety of Steering & Suspension Parts
P S Industries
No. 1228/27, Near S. S. Lotey Dharam Kandaindustrial Area- C, Dhandari Kalanludhiana - 141003, Punjab, India., Punjab , India
We are deal in all types of transmission line parts that are available at market leading prices.
Luxmi Cast & Forge
E524 Phase-vi P O Focal Point Ludhiana 141010 Punjab India, Punjab , India
Deals in Transmission Parts
Max Engineers
# 7,industrial Complex,ph-vii,focal Point, Punjab - 141010, India
Deals in Transmission Parts
Malhotra Industries
City Centre, Gujarat , India
Deals in Automotive Parts, Transmission Parts, Automotive Components
Sudershan Impex
20, Plot No. 653, Industrial Area-b, Punjab - 141003, India


text:
The first commercial break in the mini series comes after watching a woman who blew up before the opening credits snap a baby's neck and walk away smiling.
That was the moment I first knew true love.
Yes, it had some bad episodes. No, I have no problem with the finale. To me, everything makes perfect sense within the universe they created.
Battlestar Galactica horrified me, it made me cry, it made me laugh, it turned me on. It affected me like no television show has before or since.
I'm not ending this with "So say we all."
Well shit.


text:
'We were feeding the calves four times a day to keep them alive'
Dermot Heaney started out on his own with 160 cows in 2010, and expects to calve 250 this year, but it was in the first year of his big move that he faced his biggest obstacle.
"In our first spring we faced a big challenge from a salmonella outbreak," he recalled.
"I can't remember exactly, but we could have lost over 10pc of our heifer calves. We probably lost more of the bull calves, but because we're operating a crossbred herd, the bull calves aren't worth a lot anyway, so we were less concerned about them.
"It was really tough going, because we were feeding them four times a day to keep them alive, which meant that we were working from 6.30am-11pm.
"It was a serious crash course for me in managing calves with scour.
"The way we used to do it on the home farm was take them off milk until they dried up.
"That's all changed. I gave them milk replacer every second feed, with a electrolyte in between," said Mr Heaney.


text:
Have a great idea for a community improvement project? Apply for a New Yorkers for Better Neighborhoods Award!
Through New Yorkers for Better Neighborhoods, Citizens Committee for New York City awards grants of $500 to $3,000 to volunteer-led groups to work on community improvement projects. They believe that people can make important change happen on their streets and in their communities by working together. They support New Yorkers across the city in their efforts to build stronger communities. In addition to small grants, they offer one-on-one project planning assistance and skills-building workshops.
For more information, view the attached guidelines and application. You can also visit Citizens Committee website at www.citizens.nyc.org or contact Arif Ullah at 212-822-9580 or email@example.com.


text:
COLLINSVILLE — Longtime area soccer officials Larry Cooper of Collinsville was named the Boys Soccer Official of the Year Tuesday by the Illinois High School Association.
In addition to working as a referee at area boys and girls prep soccer games for more than 25 years, Cooper has also served as the area prep referee coordinator, as well as being active with the Collinsville Soccer Association, Southern Illinois Soccer League and other youth soccer groups.
Cooper was one of several prep sports officials who received recognition Tuesday from the IHSA. To be considered for the honor, an official must be nominated by an officials association recognized by the IHSA. IHSA staff members then vote on the winners based on factors such as character, skill as an official and levels worked in the IHSA State Series.
This year's winners will be recognized at a banquet during the 2016 IHSA Officials Conference, which will be held on Saturday, July 23 at the Embassy Suites in East Peoria.
Other IHSA officials of the year include:
Michele Waldbeesser of West Peoria in girls soccer, Jim Glueckert of Arlington Heights in football, Tom Huster of Elmhurst in boys basketball, Gail Huster of Elmhurst in girls basketball, Steve Neese of Frankfort in baseball, Tom Starr of Rock Falls in Softball.
Augie Werner of Belleville in girls volleyball, Connie Scott of Winnegabo in boys volleyball, Ken Cherwin of Crystal Lake in boys swimming and diving, Kathleen McWhorter of East Dundee in girls swimming and diving, Nick Cargola of Elks Grove Village in water polo, Jim Rhode of Dwight in cross country.
Roger Brown if Chicago in boys track and field, Tim Cross of Metamora in girls track and field, Don Mekeel of Sterling in wrestling, Joseph Skowrinski of St. John, Ind. in boys gymnastics, Howie Sokol of Park ridge in girls gymnastics, Betty Moore of Taylorville in competitive cheer and Cyndi Kraemer of Decatur in competitive dance.
Information from IHSA and Telegraph staff.


text:
Hole in the wall
Coffee Bay Travel Blog› entry 230 of 254 › view all entries
This morning we ate a hearty breakfast in preparation for our walk to the 'Hole-in-the-wall.' Our hostel tries to employ as many local people as possible in different capacities (rural unemployment in this area is running at 60%) and has trained up local students to act as guides. Our guide today was Tom, a 21 year old student from one of the nearby villages. He proved to be a very good guide, with a good sense of humour and excellent English. The walk took about 3hrs; we admired the breathtaking coastal scenery as we weaved up and down hills and past local villages. We sat for a while at the end, and bought some shell necklaces from some lovely children - quite shy and not at all pushy - a distinct change from Cambodia.
Tonight, we signed up for dinner at the local headman's hut. The headman of a village is second in rank to the chief. We all set off at dusk, and walked to the top of a nearby hill. When we arrived, as is tradition, the women sat on the floor on mats, and the guys behind on seats. We were treated to a dancing performance by the local young women, and the local brew was passed from person to person in small buckets (a bit chewy, but tasted better than it looked). It was certainly an authentic atmosphere - a chicken roamed, babies slept in blanket slings, and candles were lit and stuck on the walls. After the dancing, we ate some traditional Xhosa food, first of all samp (beans) and then ground millet with vegetables - a little bland, but otherwise ok.
After that, the villagers got their turn, and a man asked Diane to marry him (with a dowry of ten cows), and what would the procedure be? All her notions of modern womanhood went straight out of the window, and she replied " You will have to negotiate with my father." He enquired how he would do this; Diane informed him he would have to get on a plane to England, and that seemed to put him off somewhat. Emma was no use whatsoever throughout all of this, and nearly had a severe rupture caused by laughing.
To finish the evening, there was more dancing and this time we all joined in. It was good fun dancing with the children, but quite tiring. After all the jollyment, we walked back to the hostel by the light of the moon (and the torch evry now and again). It was good to be in a place where we felt safe to walk around at night - ironic that it was in a place with very few white people.


text:
is a fighting video game, the third in the Killer Instinct series, developed by Double Helix Games, Iron Galaxy Studios, Rare and Microsoft Studios under supervision of...
read more
this site
Killer Instinct: Season 3 comes out today. The store has 3 different versions of the Season. The third season launches on Xbox One and Windows 10.


text:
R5 Presents
Twin Sister
Lockets, Acres of Diamonds
Johnny Brenda's
1201 N. Frankford Ave
Philadelphia, PA, 19125
Doors 8:00 PM / Show 9:15 PM
This event is 21 and over
Twin Sister create the kind of buzzy hypnotic pop you've been dreaming about since Galaxie 500 fizzled, cut with Tusk-era Fleetwood Mac thump, and a shot of Lynchian weirdness for good measure. They're slack yet focused, a spark in the dark distance on a desert highway where speed is relative.
More than anything, Twin Sister want to make music you could feel comfortable cheating on someone to.
Philadelphia duo Lockets make their return after a two year hiatus. The group consists of principal songwriter/producer Todd Mendelsohn and new addition, vocalist, Melissa Ricca. Lockets have been likened to contemporaries such as Beachhouse, the influential Cocteau Twins, and have been described as "an innocent, fledgling My Bloody Valentine jacked up on a whole Halloween's worth of candy." They've previously shared stages with groups such as Mr. Twin Sister, Sylvan Esso, Exit Music, Widowspeak, and St. Lucia. The group offered up their synth-laced brand of dream-pop on their debut LP Camera Shy via London's Beautiful Strange label in 2012. They returned in the summer of 2013 with their Surrender EP that boasted an evolved sound featuring driving electronic beats and anthemic hooks drenched in an 80's synth-pop aesthetic. The lead single Surrender earned repeated spins on BBC-Radio 1, cracked the top 40 on the UK's Amazing Radio and was featured along with their track Girl on Bella Union label head and Cocteau Twins member Simon Raymonde's radio show. Mendelsohn and Ricca are currently in the process of recording Lockets' sophmore LP in anticipation of a 2016 release.
Acres of Diamonds
Acres of Diamonds makes indie music with a supernal woof, casting songs in golds in greys.
We're a slow moving ship.
In the midst of recording a new album, one of our principal songwriters left the band to start a new project. We kept recording, at Miner Street Studios with John Low, and in our newly built all analog home studio. Animal Trust is the result of that transition.
Lately, we've been inspired by fussy tone and vibe. We make each other laugh a lot.
From here on out, we'll be releasing material digitally in three song bursts roughly every six months. We hope you'll listen.
Who's Going
Upcoming Events
Johnny Brenda's
Wed, November 22
It's The Year 1994
Fri, November 24
Sat, November 25
Secret American (ex-Cheers Elephant)
Wed, November 29
Alice Merton
Thu, November 30
Clap Your Hands Say Yeah ''Some Loud Thunder'' 10th Anniversary Tour Night One


text: Cat and Vincent must work together to save J.T. when he gets kidnapped, while Tori attempts to intervene, with fatal consequences. Meanwhile, a stranger (guest star Tom Everett Scott) from FBI Agent Dana Landon's (guest star Elisabeth Rohm) past is rescued along with J.T., and might have some insight about Vincent's beastly past.


text:
The Niccolina Chapel
Beyond the Classical Path
Get off the beaten path and enjoy special access to the Vatican Museum
Meet your private guide and Skip the line to enter the Vatican Museum quickly and easily .
Explore Galleries that house the impressive collection of artwork, and be stunned by masterpieces by great artist.
Start you tour from the large entrance of the Vatican Museum the was built in the year 2000 , on the occasion of the Jubilee year . Follow your private, knowledgeable guide through a maze of artwork and learn interesting stories and anecdotes.
This exclusive Experience will include Special Access to one the Secret Rooms Generally closed to the rest of the public: The Nicolina Chapel ! After learning all the stories about the highlights in the museum, enter the Nicolina Chapel , a private chapel of the Pope, with impressive frescoes by Fra Angelico and golden Decorations brought by christopher Columbus from his journeys
Vatican Museum
Niccolina Chapel
Raphael's Rooms
Sistine Chapel
St.Peters's Church
From 1 up to 4 People 195 euros - One way By cab included
From 5 up to 7 People 220 euros - One way By cab Included
Please Note :
* The hotel must be locaded in central area of Rome an extra charge of 50,00 Euros will be applied for all the hotels locaded outside the Central Area of Rome
* The Vatican Museums Tour are not Available on Wednesday Morning & Every Sunday.
* The Basilica of St Peter's might close for last minute ceremonies or mass. We will try to inform you on time but it is not always possible. In this case we will decrease the price
* We recommend our clients wear suitable clothing. Out of respect for the sanctity of the church, we ask that arms and legs be covered appropriately within the walls of the Vatican Museums and St. Peter's Cathedral.


text:
Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'Lawn Mowing' started by JimLewis, Dec 13, 2004.
See poll above....
I am finishing up college....man I can not wait until I graduate....seems like it has been so long.
I only have 1 more yard cleanup to do. Most of my current work involves fixing mowers for people. People approach me all year long about fixing their mowers and I tell them that they will have to wait until the season is over before I can get to them. For some reason they do actually wait and start calling me about December 1st. Right now half of my back yard (it's a small back yard) is filled up with other people's mowers.
I'm doing as little as possible Jim. Period
I'm not doing much here at all, some office work and planning for next year, a few hours in the shop a week, and a few small jobs out and then I will be waiting for snow. This is kinda nice having this little break, but I'm already getting kind of anxious for spring already.
I hear that
Not sure what you voted Jim, but I am sure you are still doing the regular maintenace thing. I am doing cleanups still and will finish the bark jobs I had put off till this time of year. I will still be mowing at least once a month especially if the weather stays as warm as it has. Other than that make sure all the weeds and leaves are cleaned up and other misc. Jobs that I left for this time of year.
1) I'm still finishing up final clean ups.
2) Then it's time to contact property managers for next years bids.
3) Getting all my paperwork into my CPA so I can give my silent partner (Uncle Sam) his cut for sitting on his butt all season
4) Getting my Dodge Stratus ready for sale
5) Building a small garage for car/truck painting and bodywork
My response wasn't actually up there. I've been working around the shop getting snow stuff ready, and fixing equipment. I Guess it would be considered working but I don't get paid for it.
Still going with leaf clean-ups here. With a little luck, we may wrap it up in another week.


text:
Monique White
Listed by Hermitage Deerfield Valley Real Estate
A view from paradise on the mountain. Beautiful home on 27.90 acre wildlife habitat that features a secluded hot tub room for year around use, huge multi-bay garage w/RV parking and climate control heating for those special winter projects, plus spring time garden center for those with a green thumb. The house is warm & inviting w/two living areas, two sunrooms from which to enjoy majestic views from a wall of windows over looking mountain vistas. The main kitchen has granite & stainless appliances, 5 bdrms, 4 baths, (three are en-suites). There are 3 fireplaces, optional pellet heating, whole house generator, security & surveillance systems, plus attached 2-car heated garage not to mention huge deck areas for those relaxing evenings. This property is ideal for large & extended families & friends, a corporate retreat or snowmobile club looking to vacation without having to compromise on privacy & location. Close to Mass MoCA, the Berkshires, area skiing and rafting down the Deerfield!
Date Showings Begin:
Delayed Showing: No


text:
GraphicRiver Time to Kiss Flyer Template 5959305
Category: Print Template | Comment: ( 0 )
GraphicRiver Time to Kiss Flyer Template 5959305
Print Template \ Flyers \ Events \ Holidays
Passion \ Pink \ Party \ Night \ Light \ Love \ Poster \ Purple \ Valentine \ Wings
Print Template - Time to Kiss Flyer Template 5959305 by mfcoelho @ GraphicRiver
Print Template \ Flyers \ Events \ Holidays
Graphics Files Included: Photoshop PSD ; Layered: Yes ; Minimum Adobe CS Version: CS3 ; Print Dimensions: 8.5x11 .
It's a cool flyer to you promote your Valentine's Event, Pub, Club, Magazine or whatever you want. You can also use it as a Poster or E-flyer, it's up to your imagination!
The package includes one help file with step by step of all you need to successfully prepare your file.
The file is CMYK 300DPI.
The fonts used are.
- Dobkin
( http://www.dafont.com/dobkin.font)
- Candara
( http://www.cufonfonts.com/pt/font/12050/candara)
Enjoy and please don't forget to rate it.
See more interesting files.
Beyond the Heart Flyer Template; Cityscape - Highly Detailed; Buildings - Vector Collection; I Love You Background; Beer Labels; On The Rocks Flyer Template; Shampoo Bottle Mock-up.
Keywords: boyfriend, celebration, club, couple, darling, event, february, flyer, girlfriend, glow, gold, heart, holiday, kiss, life, light, love, night, party, passion, pink, poster, purple, star, sweetheart, template, valentine, wings.


text:
sort by best latest
I think I answered a similar question not too long ago. I love being bald. Well, having thinning hair that I cut very close at least. The grey is coming. But, at age 37, I think it is interesting that most folks I know say I look better without hair than I did with it! Though, to keep it all short, I do end up cutting it way more frequently than I ever did when I had lots of hair!
You can help the HubPages community highlight top quality content by ranking this answer up or down.


text:
When her nine-year-old son wanted to play summer travel baseball, Shannon had no idea the toughest competition was off the field...
When her son Sam asks to try out for a travel baseball team, divorced mom Shannon Stevens thinks it'll be a fun and active way to spend the summer. Boy, is she wrong! From the very first practice, Shannon and Sam get sucked into a mad world of rigged try-outs, professional coaches, and personal hitting instructors. But it's the crazy, competitive parents who really make Shannon's life miserable. Their sons are all the second coming of Babe Ruth, and Sam isn't fit to fetch their foul balls. Even worse, Shannon's best friend Jennifer catches the baseball fever. She schemes behind the scenes to get her son Matthew on the town's best baseball team, the Saints. As for Sam? Sorry, there's no room for him! Sam winds up on the worst team in town, and every week they find new and humiliating ways to lose to the Saints.
And the action off the field is just as hot. Shannon finds herself falling for the Saints' coach Kevin. But how can she date a man who didn't think her son was good enough for his team... especially when the whole baseball world is gossiping about them? Even Shannon's ex-husband David gets pulled into the mess when a randy baseball mom goes after him. As Sam works to make friends, win games, and become a better baseball player, Shannon struggles not to become one of those crazy baseball parents herself. In this world, it's not about whether you win, lose, or how you play the game... it's all about keeping score.
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Does/did your kid play a travel sport?


text: I set up custom home screens and saved the scene. But every time I turn the phone on, it opens up with the generic scene that first came on the phone. I have to go into "scenes" everyday and choose my custom one. Is there a way to set the Inc to use a custom scene as "default"?


text:
Rock your off-duty look in this casual contrast tee by Vero Moda. Perfect for layering under a blazer or bomber for a dressed down look.
Care Instructions: Machine Washable
Fabric Compostion: 100% viscose
We process your payment using SAGEPAY secure on-line payment system with 3D Secure, we have no access to credit card numbers. We also offer the option to pay via PAYPAL.
UK Standard Delivery: £3.99
UK Next Working Day (Excludes Saturdays/ orders place by 1pm): £5.95
UK Saturday Delivery: £8.00
We also deliver to Europe & The Rest Of The World, please select your destination country at checkout for individual price breakdown.
We offer a full refund on all online purchases returned in the condition in which they were sold within 10 days. All garment tags must be attached, items will not be accepted for refund or exchange if garment tags are detached from item or are returned outwith the 10 day period. Please refer to our Returns Policy for further information.


text:
|25 Jun 2013
Cannot browse web in normal mode, only in safe mode.
So I had this Aero theme problem which I got fixed by doing repair install. But after that I got the internet problem which is that I cannot browse the web, but it is connected. Both wireless and cable. I can access internet in safe mode. I've tried searching for malware but nothing came up. Please get back to me soon so I can get the issue fixed by your help
|My System Specs
|25 Jun 2013
Click here DDS
Click on Download Now button
When the download is complete . Drag the DDS program from the Downloads folder to your Desktop
Double click the DDS icon on the Desktop then click the Run button to run the tool.
Place a check next to attact.txt and click Start . When done, DDS will open two logs
Save two logs onto your desktop and upload them with your reply
|My System Specs
|25 Jun 2013
I did it in safe mode if it makes any differecnce because i needed to download them.
|My System Specs
|25 Jun 2013
Uninstall Advanced SystemCare 4
Download Revo Uninstaller below and boot to Normal mode to uninstall
RevoUninstaller Free Version For 32-bit OS
RevoUninstaller Pro 30-Day Trial Version For 64-Bit OS
Double click Revo Uninstaller to run it.
From the list of programs double click on The Program to remove
When prompted if you want to uninstall click Yes.
Be sure the Advanced option is selected then click Next.
The program will run, If prompted again click Yes
when the built-in uninstaller is finished click on Next.
Once the program has searched for leftovers click Next.
Check/tick the bolded items only on the list then click Delete
when prompted click on Yes and then on next.
put a check on any folders that are found and select delete
when prompted select yes then on next
Once done click Finish.
|My System Specs
|25 Jun 2013
Tried that but nothing changed. Also when i open firefox in normal mode and click on the x to close it, it stays opened in task manager. Not sure if it has anything to do with the problem or not.
|My System Specs
|25 Jun 2013
Did you tweak your System with the Advanced System Care crapware? If so and you don't have a System Restore point to restore to before you did this then you may need to Clean Reinstall - Factory OEM Windows 7
This time stick with the tools and methods given in the tutorial which work best with Win7. Win7 needs no tweaking as it is already feather-light to begin with, just good practices outlined in tutorial.
|My System Specs
|25 Jun 2013
Well i bought this laptop used and the system care was allready installed on it. The internet worked fine at first when i had it in my pc but after the repair install the internet has been a total headache for me I really dont wanna do a total clean reinstall. I wanna save it for the last resourt, but if It cant be fixed otherwise then i have to do it.
|My System Specs
|25 Jun 2013
Why dread getting the vastly superior Clean Reinstall when you have preinstalled Win7 which is the worst possible install one can have, compounded by the fact it will hardly run?
So you'd go from buggy worst-possible install to the very best? What's not to like?
You are at the top site online for doing this. Take advantage of it.
Is the installed version listed on the COA sticker on bottom of laptop, and is its Product Key readable?
|My System Specs
|25 Jun 2013
Well ill do it then. I hope that it will fix it.
|My System Specs
|25 Jun 2013
Where did you get Win7 Ultimate, and how is it activated?
|My System Specs
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text:
America's Voice En Español »
ICYMI: CLINIC, NYU, and USCCB Release Trio of Reports on Horrific Conditions in Haiti That Point to Urgency of Extending Temporary Protected Status (TPS)
Legal Experts, Advocates: DACA Beneficiaries Already Losing Status; Congress Needs to Pass Dream Act Now
Lynn Tramonte is the Deputy Director of America's Voice and America's Voice Education Fund. She also directs Ohio's Voice, a state-based immigration project.
Lynn began her career as a consultant for the Immigration and Naturalization Service in 1998, and is a veteran of numerous legislative battles on immigration, including the comprehensive immigration reform debates of 2006, 2007, and 2013.
As Deputy Director, Lynn oversees execution of the organizations' work plans and polling projects; manages staff and consultants; and serves as a national and local spokesperson. She has been quoted in Spanish and English in numerous media outlets, from Univision and Telemundo to the Washington Post and Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Lynn is an expert in strategic communications and advocacy campaigns. She lives in Cleveland Heights, Ohio.


text:
Making a network TV show is hard, often thankless work. It's a constant struggle between maintaining one's vision and satisfying a committee of executives whose jobs involve questioning and challenging that vision at every opportunity. But once in a very rare while, lightning strikes, and every creative element intersects and explodes in a blinding supernova known as a "hit."
The Paul Reiser Show was definitely not a hit. The NBC comedy, which brought the former Mad About You star out of cold storage (he said he decided it was time to go back to work after his son asked what to put down on a school form under "father's occupation") was yanked from the network's schedule on Friday, one day after the second episode had aired. I had only watched the premiere, and that was plenty. The show was a mess, and beyond retooling—it was basically a hackneyed ripoff of Curb Your Enthusiasm, except scripted, toothless, and unfunny. It's asking a lot of an audience to play along with a bored, rich Hollywood guy playing a version of himself. Larry David succeeds (for the most part) in doing this because Larry David is a comic genius, and with his Curb alter ego he's crafted a character who would be as miserable driving around LA in his Prius as he would be slogging through the fields of Black Plague-ravaged medieval Europe in a donkey cart. The guy is just in a constant state of misery, and hilarious conflict lies around every corner and every innocuous social interaction.
Paul Reiser, meanwhile, trades in a different kind of comedy altogether. It's the same genus—the Jewish-American point-of-view—but Reiser's persona is far happier that David's (or at least on the road to happiness). He wants people to get along. He wants things to run smoothly. He wants his son to be proud of him, and know what his dad does for a living. He basically wants you to like him. And that's where the show's set-up failed, because watching a guy search for self-fulfillment amid the trappings of obnoxious Hollywood wealth is not compelling. It's the opposite of compelling—it's off-putting, particularly when so many American families are living through their worst financial nightmares right now. (Did you see that 60 Minutes piece on Florida families who've been kicked out of their homes and are living with neighbors and in motel rooms? It's heartbreaking!) Reiser's show couldn't have been more out of touch. And while I suppose the argument could be made that, with strong-enough writing, any set-up can be made funny, The Paul Reiser Show did not have that writing.
And so it tanked, breaking modest records, in fact, with its low ratings. (It was NBC's lowest-rated, "in-season" sitcom premiere ever, whatever that means.) Reiser had recently hinted that things may have been a little underbaked, when he mentioned a truncated development schedule for the show, saying, "This was the shortest ramp-up in the history of television. Literally 20 days ago [NBC] said, 'We're putting you up,' and we said, 'Okay, great.'" But who cares, really? Is that our problem? No. We just show up on our couches with our pints of ice cream, and want to see something worthwhile. That's the law of the TV jungle.
NBC execs clearly hadn't anticipated they'd be pulling the plug so quickly when they scheduled Reiser to appear on last night's The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. But they did, and Reiser fulfilled the booking, using the stage to take some shots at the network that just humiliated him.
"NBC, to my knowledge, they don't traditionally make bad decisions," he said. "Listen, when you're the last-place network, you don't want to jeopardize that." Okay, Paul Reiser. I get it. You're the new Leno. Or Conan. Or whatever. You're NBC's punching bag and now you're giving a few right hooks back. Except, for once, NBC seemed to make the right call here. (Well, the right call would have been not to rush this show onto the schedule in the first place, but baby steps.) But you can't blame the guy for being bitter. You'll rue this one, NBC! This ratings disaster was your one shot at turning that ship around, I guess? What do I know. I'm no network scheduling maven.
So what lies ahead for Reiser? His son still needs something to put in the "father's occupation" field of those school forms! Will he just return to the oblivion from which he just came, or will he come back harder, faster, funnier than ever, Rocky montage-style? I know The Office is looking for a new boss. And there's that Alien pre-boot. A Mad About You reunion? Whatever the case, don't count him out just yet. If Hollywood loves anything more than a comeback, it's second second chances.


text:
Next: 2017 Jan 29, Previous: 2017 Feb 01, Up: 2017 [Contents][Index]
Posted on Jan 31, 2017
I am establishing a milestone for Vicare's development: Vicare Scheme revision 0.4d1. It is somewhat usable, even though some error messages are horrible. I have upgraded all the packages I maintain to be compliant to that revision; almost all of them have the revision 0.4d1.
I have tagged the commits in the repositories at Github and Bitbucket; uploaded new tarballs in the download sections of all the projects at Bitbucket; uploaded the documentation in HTML format at my site, all the files should be reachable from Vicare's home page.
Unfortunately the project libESMTP is no more maintained and the original distribution site is gone; I have uploaded the latest tarball I have to the download area of Vicare/libESMTP, so that package is still usable.
Next: 2017 Jan 29, Previous: 2017 Feb 01, Up: 2017 [Contents][Index]


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 18, 1992
|Filing date
|May 15, 1989
|Priority date
|May 15, 1989
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Odo J. Struger, Edward J. Klimas
|Original Assignee
|Allen-Bradley Company, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (14), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (117), Classifications (15), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application relates to industrial controllers and more particularly to an alarm unit for detecting and correcting errors in the signals processed by such controllers.
Industrial controllers are typically connected to industrial equipment such as assembly lines or machine tools to operate such equipment in response to signals received by the controller and processed by a stored logic program within the controller. Inputs to the controller may be discrete binary signals such as from switches which may detect limits of motion, temperature, time, or other continuously variable quantities, or the inputs may be analog measures of the quantities themselves which are generally then converted to digital binary form for processing.
Likewise, the outputs of the controller may be either binary outputs as implemented by mechanical or solid-state relays, or analog outputs produced by means of a digital to analog converter.
As mentioned, the controller executes a stored logic program to process the inputs it receives and to produce the appropriate outputs. In general the outputs of the controller are a function of both the current inputs and the previous values of the inputs as stored in the controller's memory. The inputs to the controller, in turn, depend on the present status of the equipment controlled. Together, the inputs and outputs of the controller and the previous inputs and outputs of the controller may be considered variables which define the process's "state".
In a typical multi-step discrete process there are many possible combinations of inputs and outputs and therefore many possible controller states. Not all possible states, however, are encountered during the normal operation of a given process being controlled. The states not encountered in normal operation are termed "illegal" because they indicate abnormal or unanticipated operation of the process or failure of the control system itself.
Identification of illegal states is therefore desirable for three reasons: First, the occurrence of an illegal state may indicate a failure of the control system--either the controller itself or the sensors providing the inputs to the controller. Second, the illegal state may indicate an unanticipated process variation to which an operator should be alerted. Third, the occurrence of an illegal state may be used to actuate an alternative control structure making use of redundant sensors if there is an erroneous input.
Identifying an exhaustive list of illegal states may be impossible in a complex control system. As a result, in critical processes where error cannot be tolerated, alternatives may be adopted including the use of redundant control systems or continuous human supervision of the process.
The present invention relates to an alarm controller which monitors the inputs and outputs of a controller to determine and detect illegal system states.
It is a general object of the invention to provide a self-teaching or heuristic system for determining the illegal states in a control system. During an initial LEARN mode, a content addressable memory stores and orders each state presented during the learning period. These states are examined during the non-learning, ALARM mode, to identify potentially illegal states.
It is another object of the invention to allow a current state to be defined by both the current input and output bit patterns and a predetermined number of previous input and output bit patterns. The last n bit patterns are placed in a rotating buffer and combined with the present bit patterns to define each of the states as stored in the content addressable memory.
It is another object of the invention to permit the detection of illegal states in a control system with asynchronous input bit transitions. Each input monitor line connects to a transition detector which triggers the state learning or state evaluation process.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide operator editing of the list of illegal states. During the ALARM mode, the illegal state is displayed to the operator allowing the operator to change the particular illegal state to a legal state if its occurrence is of no consequence.
It is yet a further object of the invention to provide the operator with a readout of the illegal state which identifies the individual erroneous inputs and output values, as determined from the closest match to a legal state, to allow the operator to identify possible input sensor failure and to possibly cancel temporarily the effect of that erroneous input.
It is another object of the invention to allow the selection from among several redundant input sources in the event of the failure of a single input source. Groups of redundant inputs are identified by the operator. When a failed input is detected, it is flagged internally as a "don't care" input to allow continued operation of the process.
The foregoing and other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description In the description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof and in which there is shown by way of illustration, a preferred embodiment of the invention. Such embodiment does not necessarily represent the full scope of the invention, however, and reference is made therefore to the claims herein for interpreting the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an industrial controller employing the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the controller system shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the alarm module shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the data structure stored in the I/O memory of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the data structure stored in the alarm module memory of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of the alarm module used to explain its operation;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the main program executed by the alarm module microprocessor of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the transition detector routine called by the main program of FIG. 7 and executed by the microprocessor of FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the buffer routine called by the main program of FIG. 7 and executed by the microprocessor of FIG. 2;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart of the LEARN mode routine called by the main program of FIG. 7 and executed by the microprocessor of FIG. 2;
FIG. 11 is a flowchart of the ALARM mode routine called by the main program of FIG. 7 and executed by the microprocessor of FIG. 2;
FIG. 12 is a flowchart of the alarm service routine called by the main program of FIG. 7 and executed by the microprocessor of FIG. 2;
Before describing the preferred embodiment of the invention, the alarm module will be described generally from a functional standpoint. Referring to FIG. 6, the functional blocks of the alarm module are shown. A bus buffer 92, collects the 16 current I/O status bits and forms the bits into a 16-bit status word indicated by arrow 108. The status bits, to be described in more detail below, are selected by the operator for relationship to one another and indicate the state of various inputs and outputs to and from the industrial controller. Ideally the present and previous states of these status bits uniquely define the state of the process being controlled.
The status word 108 is applied to a transition detector 04 which identifies whether any of the bits in the status word 108 have Changed since the last status word was received. The transition detector 104 may be implemented with discrete digital circuitry through the use of edge sensitive devices such as monostable multivibrators, or as in the preferred embodiment described below, in software through a logical comparison of successive status words. When a change in any status bit is detected, the transition detector 104, sets a transition flag indicated by arrow 102 which serves to activate a ring buffer 77 and a content addressable memory ("CAM") 80 also to be described in more detail below. The previous status word, as previously collected by the bus buffer 92, is output from the ring buffer 77 as indicated by arrow 110.
The previous status word 110 from the ring buffer 77 and the current status word 108 are concatenated into a single 32-bit state word indicated by arrows 106 at functional block 107 and presented to the CAM 80. The state word 106 identifies a process state. The CAM 80 is capable of storing 256 thousand 32-bit state words; although it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that larger CAM's may be used subject to the constraints of search time. The CAM 80 may be implemented in a variety of ways including optical holographic memory, pattern recognition modules, perceptrons/neural nets, or discrete digital circuitry. In the preferred embodiment the CAM 80 is implemented in software as will be described in detail below.
The CAM 80 differs from conventional memory which accepts an address and returns data reflecting the contents of the memory at that address. The CAM 80 accepts data (a 32-bit state word 106) and returns the address in the CAM 80 of the location containing that 32-bit state word 106. If the state word 106 is not contained within the CAM 80, the CAM 80 provides the address of the state word contained in the CAM 80 which is closest to that presented. What constitutes "closeness" must be pre-defined. The CAM 80 is also termed associative memories and finds general use in pattern recognition applications.
Referring still to FIG. 6, when the 32-bit state word 106, comprised of status word (108) and the previous status word (110), is presented to the CAM 80 along with the transition flag 102 from the transition detector 104, the CAM 80 attempts to find the current state word 106 within its contents and sets a match/miss flag indicated by arrow 98 and a 32-bit closest-match word indicated by arrow 90 which depends on the results of its search. The match/miss flag 98 is logical "true" if there is an exact match of the presented 32-bit state word 106 with a state word stored in the CAM 80, and a logical "zero" if there is no exact match. In the former case, the closest-match word 90 is identical to the presented state word 106. In the latter case, the closest-match word 90 is the word contained in the CAM 80 which is "closest", according to pre-defined rules, to the presented state word 106
The 32-bit state word 106 and the 32-bit closest-match word 90 are compared to each other at comparator functional block 105 to produce an error word shown as arrow 94 which indicates the bits between the state word 106 and the closest-match word 90 that are not identical. The comparator 105 complements each bit in the closest-match word 90 and logically "and"s the result in a bit-wise fashion with each bit in the status word 106. The resulting error word 94 and the match/miss flag 98 are presented to the system controller 16 for subsequent processing according to the mode of the alarm, discussed further below.
A "write" flag 100 returns from the system controller 16 to the CAM 80 so that the system controller 16 may command the CAM 80 to add the present state word 106 to those it has already stored.
The alarm module 27 may operate in one of two modes: the LEARN mode or the ALARM mode as determined and controlled by the system controller 16. In the LEARN mode, the CAM 80 stores the states encountered during a typical process control sequence. In the ALARM mode, these stored states are compared to the states subsequently produced by the operation of the process control sequence to detect state errors.
With initial reference to FIG. 1, a programmable controller 10 of the present invention is housed in a rack 12 which includes a series of slots that receive a plurality of printed circuit board modules. These modules connect to a mother board which extends along the back surface of the rack 12 to provide a backplane 11. The backplane 11 has a plurality of module connectors which are interconnected by a conductive pattern on the backplane. The backplane 11 provides a series of signal buses to which the modules connect. The rack 12 contains a power supply module 14, a system controller 16, a number of program execution processor modules 18, at least one remote input/output (I/O) scanner module 20, and an alarm module 27. The remaining locations in rack 12 are empty and the slots are covered by blank plates until additional functional modules are to be inserted in these slots. The physical construction of the rack 12 is disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 06/909,710 filed on Sept. 22, 1986, and assigned to the same assignee as the present invention.
Up to four remote I/O Scanner modules 20 may interface the controller 10 to external remote I/O racks 17 via serial I/O data links, such as link 15. Each remote I/O rack 17 has a plurality of local I/O modules 19 which are coupled to individual sensors and actuators on the controlled equipment. The local I/O modules 19 may take many forms and may include, for example, D.C. inputs or outputs, A.C. inputs or outputs, analog inputs or outputs, and open or closed loop positioning modules. The I/O racks 17 and networks 15 employ conventional interface and communication technology. The remote I/O rack 17 also contains an adapter module 29; such as the one described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,413,319, which controls the transmission of data via the I/O network 15 between the I/O modules 19 and the scanner modules 20.
The system controller 16 is connected through cable 22 to a programming terminal 24, which is used to load the user programs into the programmable controller and configure its operation, as well as monitor its performance. The terminal 24 is a personal computer programmed to enable the user to develop the control programs on the terminal. The different programs are then downloaded into the programmable controller. Once the programs have been loaded into the programmable controller 10 and its operation debugged, the terminal 24 may be disconnected from the system controller 16 if further monitoring is not required. The system controller 16 may be also connected via a cable 26 to a local area network 28 over which it may receive data and programming instructions, as well as issue status information and report data to a host computer. This enables a central host computer or control terminal to program, control and monitor the operation of a plurality of programmable controllers on a factory floor.
During the course of carrying out a user control program, the program execution module 18 reads input status data from the input image tables in one or more of the I/O scanner modules 20. As called for by the program instructions, the program execution module also writes output state data to the output image table in the I/O scanning module 20 that services the respective output device. Access to the I/O tables is obtained via the rack backplane 11.
For a detailed description of the operation of such a programmable controller reference is made to U.S. patent application 07/089,587 Filed Aug. 26, 1987 entitled "Programmable Controller with Parallel Processors"
In order for the data and commands to be transferred among the modules of the programmable controller, the modules are interconnected as shown in FIG. 2. Each of the modules is connected to the rack backplane 11 which consists of separate control, data and address buses, 21-23 respectively. The control bus 21 consists of a number of separate lines to which a module may connect depending upon the control signals required for that type of module. The data bus 22 is thirty-two bits wide and the address bus is twenty-seven bits wide.
The modules of the programmable controller 10 will be described in detail in the following sections.
As noted previously, the system controller module 16 provides a communication interface for the programmable controller to external terminals and local area networks. The system controller 16 also performs system housekeeping functions, such as providing an indication of the system status and supervising access to the backplane 11.
During normal operation of the programmable controller, the system controller 16 takes care of communication with the external devices that are connected to it, such as network 28 and programming terminal 24. One of the significant tasks is communicating with the terminal 24 to provide information allowing the operator to monitor the system performance and to detect faulty sensors or actuators by means of the alarm module. The system module provides the alarm module with initialization data and controls the operating mode of the alarm module. Another task supervised by the system controller 16 is the exchange of data with a host computer or a peer programmable controller via the local area network 28. This enables the host computer to collect statistics from one or a number of programmable controllers regarding their operation. In addition to these functions, another function of the system controller 16 is to receive all programming changes and see to it that the user control program in the corresponding program execution module 18 is updated. For example, this includes adding, deleting and changing various rungs of the ladder program.
As noted above, the I/O scanner modules 20 gather input sensor data for use by the program execution processor modules 18. Referring to FIG. 1, 2 and 4, a remote I/O scanner module 20 couples the programmable controller 10 to one or more remote input/output racks 17 containing individual I/O modules 19 which interface the sensors, or input devices, and actuators, or output devices, to the programmable controller 10. Each scanner module 20 periodically requests input data pertaining to the status of the input devices connected to the remote I/O racks 17 and stores it in the module's input image table section of its memory 32 for reading by other controller modules, such as the processor modules 18 and the alarm module 27. The scanner module 20 also contains an image table stored in its memory 32 which receives from other controller modules, such as the processor modules 18. At regular intervals the updated output data in the scanner module's output image table is transferred to the respective remote input/output racks 17 to control the various actuators connected to these racks.
FIG. 4 shows in detail the data structures stored in the main RAM 32 of each I/O scanner module 20. These data structures include the I/O image table for the remote sensors and actuators serviced by that module 20. The input image table 59 represents the sensor data and consists of three separate sections 58, 60 and 62. The first section 58 is the image of the actual state of the various sensing devices. The information relating to the inputs that are forced on is contained in the second section 60 within the input image table 59. As with previous programmable controllers, the user may force the status of a given sensor to appear to be either on or off regardless of its actual state. This enables the bypassing of faulty sensors, for example. Forced on sensors are designated by a binary one in an address for each such input.
The sensors that are forced off are indicated in the third section 62 of the input image table 59 by a logical zero stored for those sensors. Although by definition the user may write into the forced data tables 60 and 62, the user is prohibited from writing into the actual input image table 58. During the operation of the programmable controller, the user programs can read either the actual input image data from section 58 or the forced image of the sensor. If the forced image is read, the scanner module 20 logically OR's the actual sensor input state with the forced on data from section 60, then that result is ANDed with the forced off data for that sensor from section 62.
The output image table 61, also stored in the main RAM 32, includes the output image data table 66 which represents the status for the output devices connected to the remote I/O racks 17 serviced by the I/O scanner module 20. Typically, this output data is determined by the execution of the user control program in the processor module 18. A second section 68 representing the forced on output data and a third section 70 representing the forced off output data are also included in the output table 61. This allows the user to define a given actuator as always being on or off regardless of the results from the execution of the user control program. For example, this is useful where a portion of the controlled equipment may have to be shut down for maintenance and should not be turned on by the user control program. The control program may read each of the output tables 66, 68 and 70 individually. If the forcing of the output states is disabled, the data sent to the remote I/O racks 17 for activating or deactivating the various controlled devices is from the output image table 66. If output state forcing is enabled then the data sent to the remote I/O racks 17 is a logical combination of the three output tables 66, 68 and 70 using Boolean logic that is identical to the combination of the three input tables 58, 60 and 62 described above.
Referring still to FIG. 4, the data structure in the main RAM 32 of the I/O scanner module 20 also includes a block 72 that contains data regarding the status of the communication adapter in each of the remote I/O racks 17 serviced by the module 20. This data is used during the transfer of information over the I/O links 15 with those remote I/O racks. Although the state of most of the sensor and operating devices may be represented by a single binary bit, certain devices, such as position sensors and analog devices, produce or require information that comprises a plurality of digital words. These data may be transmitted to or from the remote I/O rack 17 into the I/O scanner module 20 as a large block of data. Memory section 74 in the main RAM 32 contains information necessary to control such transfers of blocks of data and a companion section 76 provides a memory area for the storage of the actual blocks of data. For a detailed description of this block transfer reference is made to U.S. Pat. No. 4,4133,319 entitled "Programmable Controller for Executing Block Transfer with Remote I/O Interface Racks".
Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, an alarm module 27 connects to the backplane 11 so as to be able to receive and transmit data to and from the system controller 16 and the I/O scanner 20. In particular, the alarm module 27 receives control data from the system controller 16 and transmits alarm status data to the system controller 16. The alarm module reads data from the I/O scanner image tables contained in RAM 32 as described above.
Referring specifically to FIG. 3, each alarm module 27 connects to the three backplane buses 21-23. The alarm module contains an internal bus 47 comprising a control bus 46, and address bus 50 and a data bus 48. The internal bus 47 is connected to backplane 11 by address bus gates 52 and data bus gate 54. Both of these transmission gates are controlled by an inter-bus control circuit 56 which sends signals to the gates 52 and 54. A local random access memory ("RAM") 30 is coupled to the internal bus 47. It stores the various flags and data words used by the alarm module 27 and provides the storage needed to implement the CAM memory 80.
FIG. 5 shows in detail the data structure stored in the RAM 30 of the alarm module 27. The addresses required for accessing status bits from I/O scanner RAM 32 are stored in area 82. Sixteen such addresses are required to form the current status word 108. The largest section of the RAM 30 is occupied by the CAM 80 storage. These and other data structures will be described in more detail in the operation section below.
Referring again to FIG. 3, a microprocessor 44 is also coupled to internal bus 47. The processor is a 32-bit processor such as the 68020 manufactured by Motorola, Inc. which can rapidly, access the 32-bit CAM words which must be searched during the operation of the alarm Module 27. A read only memory ("ROM") 42 is also attached to the internal bus 47 and it contains the program executed by the microprocessor 44 during operation of the alarm module 27. The operation fo the alarm module 27 will now be described by referring to these programs and the manner in which they are executed.
Prior to the operation of the ALARM 27, the operator, though the system controller 16 must identify up to 16 related status bits and their locations in the I/O scanner RAM 32. As mentioned above, these bits are selected to best identify each state of the process being controlled. For example, the bits may be selected from the input image table 58 of the I/O RAM 32.
In certain instances, status bits selected from the input image table 58 will be redundant with other selected status bits for reliability purposes. Or, the input selected will not be critical to the functioning of the process for other reasons. The operator may also identify such redundant and non-critical bits in the critical status bit table, 84, shown in FIG. 5. The critical status bit table 84 is organized as a 16 word array, each word corresponding to a single status bit. The contents of each word is the address of the corresponding redundant status bit for use by the system controller if an error is detected, as will be described below. If the address contained in the word is zero, the associated bit is considered redundant or noncritical.
The alarm module may be in one of three modes: WAIT, LEARN or ALARM as indicated by mode flag 103 stored in alarm module RAM 30 and written to by the system controller 16. The LEARN and ALARM modes are referred to herein collectively as the "RUN" mode. Referring to FIG. 7, which is a general overview of the alarm module operation, during the first step of the main program, at process block 120, the microprocessor 44 interrogates the mode flag 103 to determine whether the alarm module 27 is in the WAIT mode or alternatively in the LEARN or ALARM mode. If the system controller 16 has set the mode flag 103 to LEARN or ALARM, the processor 44 proceeds to the buffer routine indicated at process block 122 which will be described in detail below. Generally the buffer routine collects the status bits into a status word 108 as described above.
Upon return from the buffer routine, the transition routine is called, shown in process block 124 and described further below. The transition routine determines whether there has been a change in one or more status bits and, if so, sets the transition flag 102. If not, the program loops to process block 120 by virtue of the test of the transition flag 102 (FIG. 5) at process block 125.
If the transition flag 102 is set, the mode flag 103 is again examined in process block 126 to determine if the alarm module 27 is in the LEARN mode. If it is, the program jumps to the LEARN routine as indicated at process block 127 as described below.
If the alarm module is not in the LEARN mode the program proceeds to process block 129 where the mode flag 103 is tested to see if the module is in the ALARM mode. If it is, the program jumps to the alarm routine, as indicated by process block 130. In any case, the system loops back to decision block 120 to repeat the process on a continuous basis during the operation of the programmable controller 10
Referring to FIGS. 5 and 9, the buffer routine is a loop which accumulates each bit of the current status word 108 by repeatedly executing its steps 150-156. Steps 150 and 158 together control the number of cycles through this loop, which is 16 in the preferred embodiment. A step 152, within this loop, fetches the appropriate status bit address from section 82 of the RAM 30 and at step 154 the particular status bit is read from the input or output image table 58 or 66 of the I/O scanner through the controller backplane. At step 158 the status bit is placed in the current status word location 108 in RAM 30. When all sixteen current status bits have been obtained, the routine exits back to the main program.
Referring particularly to FIGS. 5 and 8, the first step of the transition detector routine indicated at process block 132 is to compare the current status word located at RAM location 108 in RAM 30.
The previous status word 110 and the current status word 108 are compared by inverting each bit of the previous status word 110 and logical ANDing the result with the current status word 108. This result is tested for zero at process block 144 to determine if the current status word is equal to the last status word. If they are unequal, the transition flag 102 is set at process block 146 indicating that there has been a transition. If they are equal, the transition flag 102 is reset at process block 148 indicating that no transition has occurred.
Referring to FIGS. 5 and 10, the first step of the LEARN mode routine is the examination of the reset flag 104 to determine if the CAM limit pointer 95 should be reset at process block 162. The CAM limit pointer 95 indicates the last filled CAM address. The reset flag 104, as set by the system controller 16, therefore effectively erases the CAM 80 by indicating that the last filled address, hence the first available address, is at CAM 80 address zero.
If the CAM limit pointer 95 is not to be reset, the current status word 108 and the previous status word 110 are concatenated at process block 164 so that the current status word makes 108 up the least significant bits and the previous status word 110 makes up the most significant bits of the 32-bit state word 106. As indicated by process block 170, this state word 106 is stored in the CAM memory section 80 of the RAM 30 at the next available address as indicated by the CAM limit pointer 95. The CAM limit pointer 95 is then incremented by one as indicated by process block 171. At process block 172, the CAM limit pointer is tested to see if all 256 k of CAM 80 memory has been exhausted. If it has, as indicated by a CAM 80 limit pointer value of 256 k or higher, the overflow flag 96 is set, at process block 174 signalling the system controller 16 to terminate LEARN mode. In either case, the program then exits back to the main program.
Referring to FIGS. 5 and 11, the first step of the ALARM mode routine, indicated at process block 180 is to reset the CAM index pointer 87. The current status word 108 and the previous status word 110 are then concatenated as described above to form the current state word. The current status word 108 is then transferred to the previous status word 110 location in the ring buffer location 77 of RAM 30. The contents of the CAM 80 address pointed to by CAM index pointer 87 is then compared with the current state word 106 and tested for a perfect match at process blocks 182 and 184. If there is a perfect match, then the match/miss flag 28 is set and the current state word 106 is stored in RAM 30, as the closest match word 90. If there is no match between the contents of the current CAM address and the state word 106 then the "fit", i.e. how closely the two words match, is measured at process block 188. There are many ways in which fit may be defined, and in the preferred embodiment fit is measured by counting the number of bits "set" in the result obtained from complimenting the conjunction of the current state word 106 and the current CAM address contents. This yields a fit number between 1 and 32 where 1 is the closest-match and 32 is no match. If the fit of the current CAM address contents is better than the previously best fit number stored at RAM 30 location 83 then at process block 190 the later and lower fit number replaces the previous fit number and the current CAM contents for that fit is stored at RAM location 90 to identify the closest-match thus far.
Provided no perfect match is obtained, the CAM index pointer is incremented at process block 192 and process blocks 182-190 are repeated for all CAM addresses as detected at decision block 194. After the entire CAM memory 80 has been searched for a match, the match/miss flag 98 is reset, and error word 94 is calculated at process block 195. The error word 94 is calculated by complimenting the closest match word logical ANDed to the current state word to produce an error word stored at memory location 94. The bits in this error word indicate the bits that did not match between the current state word 106 and the closest match word 90.
The alarm service routine is executed by the system controller 16. Although the alarm service routine may be executed on an interrupt driven basis as triggered by the match/miss flag 103, in the preferred embodiment, the alarm service routine is executed repetitively by the system controller 16 in series with its other tasks. Referring to FIGS. 5 and 12, when the system controller 16 detects a transition of the match/miss flag 98 at process block 200, indicating a "miss" during ALARM mode, a timer is started at process block 202 after which the match/miss flag 23 is again checked at process block 204. The timer's delay value t may be set by the operator and serves the purpose of eliminating false "miss" signals caused by temporary state errors from propagation delay or asynchronous input switching. If the match/miss flag 98 remains reset after this time delay, then at process block 206 the error bits are identified by reading and examining the error word 94 and the set bits are identified as fatal or non fatal by reference to the critical status bits table 84 stored in the alarm module RAM 30. A bit error is considered fatal if the bit has no corresponding, redundant status bit, or if the bit is critical as indicated in the critical status bits table 84.
An error in any individual state bit corresponding to a particular status bit may have varying significance depending on the process being controlled. In the case where inputs to the process controller are redundant or non-critical, a failure of one or more status bits may not require that the process be stopped. If the error bits are considered fatal, per process block 208, then the process is halted or moved to a predefined "safe position". If the error bits are not fatal, then the process continues by forcing the inputs to match the closest match word as indicated by process block 209. In such cases the industrial controller may revert to a more conservative, contingency control program to accommodate the possible input failure. The forcing "on" or "off" of input status bits, to match the closest match word, is performed by setting bits in the "input forced on" or "input forced off" tables 60, and 62 in the I/O scanner main RAM 32 as was described earlier. In all cases, the operator is alerted by means of an alarm signal as indicated in process block 212.
In either case, the operator has the option of adding the particular state in question to the CAM 80, thereby fine-tuning the CAM contents in the event that the state properly should be contained within the CAM 80 This is performed by the system controller 16 which may write the new state to the CAM.80 by setting write flag 100 per process block 216.
A preferred embodiment of the invention has been described, but it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that many variations can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example the state of the process controller may be defined by additional status bits and and status words for additional or fewer previous status transitions. The identification of closest-matches by the CAM may be the subject of different rules including those which assign differing weights to the various status bits. Also, more sophisticated correction processes may be used, upon detection of status bit errors, depending on the type of process controlled. A single alarm module may also be supplemented with additional alarm modules each associated with a particular set of I/O modules and coordinated by the system controller 16.
Additional error detection capability may be added by including with each state word a time value that indicates the maximum length of time of the state. This procedure would enable the alarm to detect "stuck" bits whose failure otherwise would prevent the detection of a transition.
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|U.S. Classification
|700/12, 700/79, 700/80, 700/71, 700/53
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Nov 9, 1989
Owner name: ALLEN-BRADLEY COMPANY, INC., WISCONSIN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:STRUGER, ODO J.;KLIMAS, EDWARD J.;REEL/FRAME:005179/0093
Effective date: 19891020
|Jun 8, 1993
|Certificate of correction
|Aug 3, 1995
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