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|By Yakov Fain
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|January 21, 2013 10:21 AM EST
More than a year passed since Adobe decided to stop supporting Flex framework and gave it away to Apache Foundation. This writeup is based on the conversation I had with my colleague Anatole Tartakovsky in January of 2013. In this conversation I've been representing the HTML5 community while Anatole fought for Flex framework. I'm trying to find arguments against using FLex framework even though I believe that it remains the best and the most production way for developing Web applications. I'll be just playing devil's advocate here. Anatole also believes that Flex is the best framework available today, but in our company we often argue about the tools to use for various projects. We hope that Web developers find this conversation useful and thought provoking.
Yakov. If you read this blog, most likely you know about our company, Farata Systems. Our engineers work on both consulting projects and develop a product for our sister company SuranceBay that creates software for insurance industry. Technology-wise, we have three practices:
1. Rich Internet Applications using Apache Flex and Adobe AIR
2. Web application with HTML/JavaScript/CSS
3. eCommerce applications (we have about 20 Hybris developers)
On the server side we use nothing but Java. We're hiring people, but noticed that it's getting a lot more difficult to find experienced Flex developers. Last week we made an offer to a Flex developer, but before accepting it, he asked me to share my opinion about the future of Flex. He knows about our company and is glad that he'll be joining our team, but at the same time he's worried that Flex skills won't be a useful asset on his resume. I can read his mind, "I'll waste a couple of years doing Flex, but my classmates, colleagues and the rest of the progressive mankind will be studying HTML5. Is it worth it?" I did my job defending Flex, now it's your turn, Anatole, and I'll try to prove you wrong.
Anatole. As I just learned, I've been working with useless technologies for 30+ years, and every technology I liked is not in use anymore. In my opinion, Flex framework has no future.
Y. What a nice way to defend Flex! Do you want to say that your programmer's life was wasted?
A. I want to say that it was extremely interesting, but Flex has no future.
Y. Was this by M.Zhvanetsky who said, "Who cares about the soup if so much is going on in the kitchen"?
A. I'd rather say that Flex has no future, but it has the present. HTML5 has the future, but the present is dark and foggy. First, we need to decide if we live in the present or in the future. Second, it's very difficult to properly guess the technology worth studying and using. Of course, the tools that are popular on the market will win, but they will also lose by attracting legions of low paid developers. Besides, being unproductive these tools won't allow timely releases of high quality software. This leads to further degrading of software projects and programmers' pay. There is a high end market, where more expensive and rare tools are being used by well rounded developers. And there is mainstream that uses various versions of HTML, Visual Basic and the like. These tools were never highly productive, but their better competitors could not attract even a one tenth of the developers community. At some point the psychiatric situation on the market causes people to not pay attention to the good tools, but rather go with the flow.
Y. Our company is not a typical one – each of the owners remains highly technical, and we don't have any political reasons to select or reject any technology. Sure enough, we are very carefully monitoring the latest trends in the industry to be able to offer help in IT consulting. But we are down to earth people who want to deliver our own software as fast as possible without jeopardizing the quality of the product. You may be surprised, but new Flex projects are being started and the Flex-to-Flex redesigns are happening on the Wall Street – we continue getting requests for help. Such projects are typically run by smart and technically savvy managers who are not afraid to voice an opinion that may differ from the general software policy in their organiation. But an average manager does not want to take a risk and use a non-popular technology with a literally non-existent talent pool. Anatole is running the project where all developers know Flex and Java, and he's not planning to switch to a different set of technologies any time soon. Why do you prefer Flex and AIR.
A. I'm planning to switch and will do so, when I'll see a better than FLex technology that meets our needs. I agree to switch, but it's like "Tomorrow I'll marry the Queen of England. Half of this plan is accomplished – I agree". The problem is to find a replacement. IMO, technologies like HTML5 will change the style of programming and the resulting product too.
Y. After making such strong statements, you need to say something to improve your credibility. Please tell the audience what did you work on in the beginning of this century.
- a much more mature JSON that would support the skeleton generation on both sides
- a compiled JavaScript-like programming language (expecting to see it soon)
- an ability for creation of the finite state machine and CSS (give it another 2-3 years to appear)
Unfortunately, during the last seven years Flex didn't have competitors. HTML is the future, but it's a remote one. I don't see it real in the enterprise applications for at least two years, but more likely till 2016.
Y. You're talking about enterprise Web, not about small Web sites that can be easily developed in HTML5. All evangelists are happy to demo simple applications like Contact List to prove that HTML5 and their JavaScript framework is here to stay and is THE Framework to use. The rookie developers are often impressed by a demo of an HTML5 game moving objects using an HTML SVG element. To get cheap applauses at a Web conference you need to proclaim, "No more plugins like Flash or Silverlight. RIP!". It's even more effective than making fun of Internet Explorer.
A. True. If you want to write HTML5 application you need to seriously reevaluate what your application should be able to do. You'll need to simplify it. A typical enterprise Web application serves the consumers that don't use it anyway, and it also serves the professional business users that help consumers.
Y. Please don't just make such ungrounded statements. Explain, what this means.
A. This means that consumers spend very little time using these Web applications – they they don't use such applications from 9 to 5. These applications are being used on a weekly or monthly basis. The requirements for such applications are a lot simpler than for heavily used applications for professionals. The back office applications must increase productivity of business users and support a lot more functions. If you need to support wide variety of users, you'll need environments allowing configurable applications that can be compiled and support quick refactoring for the new class of users or when the business requirements change.
Y. I agree that refactoring in Flex is more advanced than in JavaScript, but what are the problems with configurable applications?
A. By configurable applications I mean the ability to quickly customize the application with the same code base to support more complex or more simple interface and security. It's not so easy to do with JavaScript, because it HTTP requests can be disassembled, you'll have to deal with security problems, the code becomes more difficult to understand without having the compiler's support.
Y. As far as I remember, Flash Player was also blamed for security holes, wasn't it? Besides, since HTML5 is a mainstream, all major browsers treat security issues very seriously and all security holes will be closed a lot faster than any single vendor like Adobe, Microsoft, or Oracle would do.
A. The roots of Adobe's security holes are in attempts to merge two incompatible security models of Acrobat and Flash Player. Now you can run Flash code inside PDF, which revealed security holes originated in incompatibility of the sandboxes. Most of these holes can be plugged by changing security settings of Acrobat and not by fixing Flash Player's errors. But overall, Flash Player has less security issues than infamous cross-scripting of Web browsers and the likes. We are able to create secure Flash applications that would certainly had security issues should they be written in HTML5. What I really miss in Flash Player is the ability to integrate with telephony and work with peripherals that exist in natural environments. Unfortunately, Flash Player is not evolving fast enough to support new technologies for input/output and the voice interface. The main problem of Flash Player is that it was literary frozen since 2008. During the last four years Adobe didn't do much to bring it up to date.
Y. It's been more than a year since Adobe announced that their main interests for Flash are games and videos. You can't expect any improvements in Flash for enterprise applications. Don't forger that Adobe remains the owner of Flash Player, and no matter how great the Apache Flex contributors are, their hands are tied – the runtime is out of their control. I don't like the way Adobe handled open sourcing of Flex, but they have business to run, and if they make money elsewhere, no one can force them to allocate proper resources to implement Flex and Flash Player improvements. Do you have any reasons to believe that Flex won't lag more and more behind HTML5 technically?
A. I don't have any hopes that Flex won't lag behind. So far Flex and Flash player is still far ahead – we still live in the future comparing to HTML5. Yes, HTML5 has some features that make it appealing for enterprise and mobile development, and it would be great if Flash Player would continue evolving in these directions too. The main reason why Flash Player is dying is that ten years ago Adobe rejected Apple's requests to create tools for their platform. Adobe considered this platform unproductive, and Apple had to recreate equivalents for all Adobe's products themselves. After that, Apple stopped allowing Adobe's products on their market. You can call it politics or personal vendetta, but unfortunately there is nothing you can do about it. Without Apple's support Adobe's tools will always have hard times. Will it change in the next couple of years? Not likely, unless the structure of both Adobe and Apple's management will change.
Y. Based on what I see, Adobe won't be willing to make steps toward Apple. Adobe prefers selling expensive and profitable software to corporations, and it's not likely that they'll return to Web browser's plugins that are not welcomed by majority of the developers.
A. This is true for the most part. But historically, there were precedents when spin-offs were created to purchase some of the software products from large companies. Adobe is not the first company specializing in milking old cows (making money from old products). I.e they don't improve some of their products, but purchase established third party companies and invest in cross-integration with their products charging the newly acquired customers for the new functionality. The chances are that non-profitable Flash platform can become a candidate for such a spin-off. Adobe might sell the Flash Player for a small chunk of cash to people who are interested in improving this technology. Unless this happens, Apache Flex is a still baby. I've attended several meetings in Apache Flex community, but I've yet to see people who can lead this community.
Y. There are lots of excellent Flex software developers in the world who could do it, but they simply can't afford it. As I said, there is not many companies that can continue using a technology based on its merits. Flex experts need to make a living and feed their families. They can't spread themselves thin doing both Flex and HTML5. They either work as independent contractors and want to keep their hourly rates high, or they work as enterprise employees and don't want to go against corporate IT policies. Read the article "A Decade of Spices has come to an End" by Jens Halm's, the creator of Parsley Flex framework. He basically says, "Sorry guys, I don't have time to support Parsley – need to move on with HTML5″. Majority of Flex developers think like Jens Halms – they need to stay focused on one major technology to keep their skills in demand.
Our company is in minority, but we are not afraid to become known as one of the last Flex shops. We believe in hiring well rounded developers that are open to adding Flex to their skill set understanding that in a couple of years they may need to learn something else. By the way, some of the people are still doing Cobol and dine in Michelin-starred restaurants on a regular basis. The if-statement exists in every programming language. In some cases you'll need to put a curly brace after if, and in some languages you need to write elseif as one word. Some languages support classical inheritance, and some – prototypal. This doesn't scare me, but it seems that lots of people are reluctant to accept that learning something new is a way of life of professional software developers.
Y. Did you have a chance to get familiar with the Microsoft's language TypeScript?
A. No matter what language will win, the conversion from ActionScript will be mechanical more or less. It all comes down to your way of thinking and to the level of complexity you can afford in a compiled environment vs interpreted one. There is a major difference in approaches to programming in ActionScript
Y. I don't agree with you. We didn't talk about the development for mobile devices. You are talking about programming in a comfortable ActionScript environment, but why not spend a couple of years learning HTML5 methodologies and tools that would allow today's Web developer digest the Mobile First concept, learn how to properly modularize JavaScript code, which frameworks to use in both desktop and mobile devices, what Responsive Design is about, is it possible to live with one code base for all devices or it's better go hybrid or even native, and on, and on, and on. This takes a lot of time, and, putting yourself in the shoes of that young developer, spending these couple of years in learning all this new world won't be a waste of time. By the way, in the book "The Enterprise Web Development" we show how to develop a Web application that will work in all devices from the same code. So I don't believe that developing in Flex for a couple of years will allow this guy just to change the hat and start writing HTML/XYZScript/CSS code. I'm sure that just working in your team would make him or her a well rounded developer, but it's not as obvious for other people.
A. If this developer would work in my team since 2006, he'd skip lots of frameworks like Mate or Parsley without losing much. People who say that their frameworks help in programming are the same that were promoting the Axe Soup before. One way or the other – good people is the solution. Frameworks rarely help. Tools do. HTML has a number of tools to test UI on different platforms. Similar tools were created for Flex and cross-platform CSS and skinning. But I don't believe in miracles. I haven't seen a single-code-base applications that work well on Android, iPhone, and desktop browsers.
Y. We need to compromise. In Flash Player applications you can choose pixel-perfect design: the user must have a 1024×768 viewport minus chrome and margins – my way or highway. But if you'll need to make this application work on highly fragmented Android market, on iOS, Blackbery, desktops, and other devices, ask yourself a simple question, "Do we have money to hire two-three teams for developing and supporting several versions of the application for different devices or we'd rather compromise, and push the HTML5-based product out the door?" Money talks in the enterprise unless your project has unlimited budget. But if you'll agree to compromise and move away from the pixel-perfect world accepting the fact that the Donate button will look a little bit different on different devices, go with the responsive design principles and have one code base. You'll provide different CSS sections that will automatically apply different layouts based on the screen (a.k.a. viewport) size, but the HTML and JavaScript will be the same. I know, this approach has drawbacks cause some portions of CSS will be loaded for nothing to any particular device, but it can be a practical business solution.
A. People who promote the same design for different platforms usually talk about publishing information and not about interactive applications. If you need to publish the information using different layout managers, responsive design will help. But enterprise applications often have more than one target audiences. Consumers need an easily downloadable application and Web browser works fine here. Mobile applications should be compiled either into the native code or into some byte code that performs close to the native one. But UI must be different based on the available screen real estate and use touch interface.
If you'll take any framework that works on both desktop and mobile devices you'll get two sets of controls and the need to maintain two different source code.
Y. Nobody forces you to use any framework – just stick to JavaScript and, maybe, non-intrusive jQuery components and plugins.
A. Without frameworks I'll have less UI controls to chose from. Frameworks may address the need in controls and convenience of UI.
Y. and browsers incompatibilities
A. Maybe. But when I hear that someone has the same codebase for the desktop browser and other devices, I want to see it and make suer that it doesn't falls into the publishing realm.
Y. Of course, the Boston Globe site is a classical example of responsive design in publishing. But we can even take an application that we use in our book – Save Sick Child http://enterprisewebbook.com/#_responsive_design_one_site_fits_all. We have five areas (div's) that include forms (a donation form or an online auction), each form is a separately loadable module, and if on the wide screen we could display three of these div's horizontally and two underneath, on the narrow screen each of these sections will be scaled down and displayed one under another. And this is not just a publishing application.
A. When I'm porting an application to a tablet 800×600 with UI having large controls and fonts, I need to think about this application as a service to minimize the need of data entry. Don't forget that half of the screen will be taken by a virtual keyboard, and if you ignore this, the user will have to work with your UI via a keyhole, and even these five separate div's may not fit. So I'll need to modify the UI and use the set of controls that will require minimal data entry. I don't want to give the same UI to the consumers and back-office users.
Y. I keep trying to bring the money into our conversation, but you are avoiding this subject. Sure, it's better to be healthy and wealthy, than poor and ill. But an most of the enterprise projects are poor and ill, i.e. have limited budget and not developers are not overqualified. Why a modern enterprise employs many low-qualified people is a subject of different conversation – let's not go there.
Coming back to my five div's, we can use CSS to hide what has to be hidden in certain devices, fonts can become larger, and we can use so called fluid grids to have our layout float. It may not be perfect, but it's a compromise.
A. You can't turn a truck into a car and then into a bike just using styling. I'm for complete redesign to use the features of a particular platform to its fullest. And the reason why IT has so many low qualified people is because these people allowed non-technical people to lower their qualification. We can help them to improve their qualification.
Y. Most people don't want it. They live comfortably with what they know.
A. You and I are sitting now in a lobby of a fancy hotel that differs from a motel, right? Why? Because we've decided that the service has to be well compensated. And people working in this hotel do their job well. There is always market for the high-end things, which were produced better then others of the same type. If you'll be producing low quality software, you'll hate your job, which will shorten your life. Why?
Y. I hear you, but don't agree with you. It's great that you and I can afford now (it may change) to work only with interesting projects. But many young programmers have a long way to go before they will establish themselves to pick what they really want to do. Id your message "Just do what you like and the day will come"?
A. If you need to work hard to establish yourself, why doing it where the crowd is? Do it in the unpopular areas.
Y. Most of the people prefer to walk on the paved roads. It's a reality.
A. Compare software and automotive industries. Some time ago you could have selected any car as long as it was black Ford of a certain model. Then General Motors started mass production of cars where people could select different models of different colors. By dong this they pushed Ford back. The software industry will go through the process of customization. We already reached the point when the software created for a certain enterprise is being replaced by a software-as-a-service (SAAS). The next task is not to create several versions of the same page with CSS, but understand what the user is doing with this page and to make it as convenient for the user as possible. If this will be happening, then software developers will transform into people who belong to service industries.
Y. I may disappoint you, but there were many attempts to cultivate a new creature – a cross of the user experience (UX) specialist and a software developer – it didn't happen. These are different people with different mindsets.
A. in the end the winning applications will be not the ones that will have nice looking design, but those that will do what the user needs and will do it conveniently.
I have to finish this rather large transcript although our conversation didn't stop here. Thank you for reading this far. I'm not going to give you a summary with recommendations or predictions of what tool or programming language is the best bet in today's development of the cross-platform UI. Pick what you like, dig deep, and enjoy your work. It'll pay off sooner or later.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Carl Edwards isn't focusing solely on Tony Stewart
After winning at Martinsville on Sunday, Tony Stewart served notice to Carl Edwards that he was ready to battle Edwards for the title.
On Friday, Edwards said that while Stewart may be his closest pursuer — eight points back — he also needed to worry about Kevin Harvick and Brad Keselowski.
"[Stewart and I] get along real well and, for me, this week I've thought a little bit about who my real competition is and, no offense to Tony or anything, but I think the guys that are behind him are truly the guys who have the biggest chance of doing well over the next three weeks," Edwards said. "They've shown they can run up front in the points all year and although Tony could go on a roll, what I've been sticking to this week is that it would be foolish of me to just focus on him and not pay attention to these other guys who have been very, very fast."
While that may be true of Harvick, who trails Edwards by 21 points, Keselowski, who is 27 back, didn't catch fire until winning at Kansas in June. Though, to be fair, it's not like Keselowski snuck in. From June until the beginning of the Chase, Keselowski has been one of the hottest drivers on the Cup circuit.
Stewart's hot streak didn't start until just before the Chase, where he finished third and seventh before winning the Chase's first two races. At one point in August, Stewart claimed that his team didn't deserve a spot in the Chase. That's certainly not the case now.
Now, with three races to go, Edwards leads the points, despite, well, as Jay Busbee said so eloquently, just keepin' on.
"I've never been in this good of a position as a driver in this sport and I feel that we're in a really good spot," Edwards explained. "But what I was talking about as far as looking back is Tony won the race and made his statements, but what I was trying to describe there is I don't think Tony is the only guy that can be a threat to us. I think those other guys are gonna be just as tough, so what I was trying to describe was not focusing in on one guy, but looking at the big picture and with three races left, there are a lot of guys you have to worry about."


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Discover Sorsogon
Bulusan Lake
Join the fun as I travel back to my favorite province in Bicol Region, SORSOGON! For only 3000 pesos you get to visit some of the wonders of Sorsogon like Bulusan Lake, Paguriran Island, Climb Mt. Pulog, Barcelona Ruins, Hidden Falls, stay at Lola Sayong Eco-Surf Camp and get 1 hour surfing lesson, and a side trip Cagsawa Ruins Mt. Mayon.
Event Date is on April 22-24, 2017
Few slots left.
Lola Sayong Eco-Surf Camp - our accommodation
Paguriran Island
Surf lesson on the camp
Hidden Falls!
For complete details here is the event page https://www.facebook.com/events/157766664718422/
Or contact me at 09277089964
Helping Tags/Links
1 comments
Wow ang ganda dyan Ellie :) Sheesh! I really need to travel na rin haha!ReplyDelete
♥ Chai Chen ♥ @chenmeicai
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VideoHive Diamonds Forever 2597674
After Effects Project \ Video Displays \ Special Events
After Effects Project - Diamonds Forever 2597674 by VProxy @ VideoHive
After Effects Project \ Video Displays \ Special Events
After Effects Version: CS4, CS5; File Size: 94mb; Requires Plugins: No; Resolution: 1920x1080.
Hi Friends,
This is my new After Effects Project Diamonds Forever .Its a dynamic project with lots of use. Its done in modular style so that adding,removing or extending the segments will be very easy. The Roatating Diamond is a 3D Render which is included in HD Resolution. Optical flares plugin is used but prerendered. Original project also included.Its an easy to edit project which don't need any plugins. It is having 10 video/photo placeholders around 20 text placeholders. Its very simple and easy to customize also.This project can be used for Fashion Shows, Promos, Jewellery Ads, Wedding, Party and other promotional videos.
- The Audio Track is Not Included in the Project.
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- Have 10 Video/Image Placeholders.
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- No Plugins Needed.(Optical Flares is Prerendered. Original Project Included)
- PDF help included for customising the project.
- Full Version of After Effects Needed for the Project to Work Properly.
- Images/Videos used are for Preview Purpose Only. Not Included in the Project.
- Font info is Provided in the Help File.
If you please take a minute to rate this project after your purchase it will be a great inspiration for me to create more useful projects for Customers like you.
Keywords: dance club, diamond jewel, diamonds falling, fashion event promo, fashion show promo, fashion tv commercial, fashion web presentation, glittering 3d diamond, jewellery promo, model portfolio, models showcase, night club party, purple, wedding.
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why k epsilon gives underpridctred results?
I have read manual, and it says that k epsilon does not give better results for seperated flow. It underpredicts attchement point. Can anybody pls tell me that what may reason. i.w. which terms are preventing k epsilon to predict these thing? Thanks all.
Re: why k epsilon gives underpridctred results?
The reason for incorrect separation predictions by the ke model is discussed in the manual section dealing with the SST model.
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Policies and Procedures
Procedure 1403.1 – Reporting Automobile Accidents
July 1, 2003
June 12, 2009
Director of Risk Management Services
Risk Management Services
Procedure Statement
Immediately notify
Risk Management Services of all automobile accidents or damage involving University-owned, Motor Fleet Management, or personal vehicles being used for official state business.
Forms and Instructions
For all accidents or damage involving a University-owned vehicle or mobile equipment, a vehicle leased from Motor Fleet Management, or a rental or personal vehicle being used for University business, complete an Automobile Loss Notice (1403.1.1f) and submit to Risk Management Services within 24 hours of the loss. If the vehicle was being operated at the time of loss, the driver must complete the Automobile Loss Notice. Otherwise, any department representative may complete the form.
When submitting the completed Automobile Loss Notice to Risk Management Services, include any supporting documentation such as the accident report and driver's exchange slip.
Always report automobile accidents to the appropriate law enforcement agency and obtain the other party's contact and insurance information from the investigating officer. For situations where it is not possible to submit the Automobile Loss Notice within 24 hours, contact Risk Management Services immediately and provide them with a verbal report. Always also notify your immediate supervisor of the accident.
If the accident involved bodily injury to any party, contact Risk Management Services immediately. If an employee was injured, also follow the University procedures for reporting workers' compensation injuries.
If the other party is at fault for an accident, their automobile liability insurance should pay for the damage to our vehicle. Obtain the other party's contact and insurance information and Risk Management Services will assist with reporting the claim to the other insurance carrier.
If an accident occurs while a personal vehicle is being used for University business, the employee's personal automobile liability insurance is considered the primary coverage. Therefore, these accident types should also be reported promptly to the employee's insurance company.
Once the Automobile Loss Notice is received, Risk Management Services will report the claim to the applicable automobile insurance company and provide the driver or campus department with any further instructions that may be needed.
Related Data
UNC Environment, Health & Safety Workers' Compensation
June 12, 2009


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An excerpt from www.HouseOfNames.com archives copyright © 2000 - 2017
Anglo-Saxon origin. It was a name given to a person who because of their physical abilities was referred to as sprack. This nickname surname was used to denote those individuals who were agile and quite lively. A broad and miscellaneous class of surnames, nickname surnames referred to a characteristic of the first person who used the name. They can describe the bearer's favored style of clothing, appearance, habits, or character.
Spragge Early Origins
Suffolk where Reginald Sprag is listed in Suffolk in 1303. This is generally considered to be the first record of the family. A few years later, Richard Sprak was listed in the Subsidy Rolls of Suffolk in 1327 and Alice Sprakes was listed in Somerset in 1359. [1]CITATION[CLOSE]
Reaney, P.H and R.M. Wilson, A Dictionary of English Surnames. London: Routledge, 1991. Print. (ISBN 0-415-05737-X)
Spragge Spelling Variations
Spragge Spelling Variations
Before the last few hundred years, the English language had no fast system of spelling rules. For that reason, spelling variations are commonly found in early Anglo-Saxon surnames. Over the years, many variations of the name Spragge were recorded, including Spragg, Spragge, Sprague, Sprake, Sprigg, Spriggs and many more.
Spragge Early History
Spragge Early History
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Spragge research. Another 117 words (8 lines of text) covering the years 1618, 1684, 1725 and 1720 are included under the topic Early Spragge History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Spragge Early Notables (pre 1700)
Spragge Early Notables (pre 1700)
Another 50 words (4 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Spragge Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Spragge In Ireland
Spragge In Ireland
Some of the Spragge family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt. Another 215 words (15 lines of text) about their life in Ireland is included in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
The Great Migration
The Great Migration
To escape oppression and starvation at that time, many English families left for the "open frontiers" of the New World with all its perceived opportunities. In droves people migrated to the many British colonies, those in North America in particular, paying high rates for passages in cramped, unsafe ships. Although many of the settlers did not make the long passage alive, those who did see the shores of North America perceived great opportunities before them. Many of the families that came from England went on to make essential contributions to the emerging nations of Canada and the United States. Research into various historical records revealed some of first members of the Spragge family emigrate to North America:
Spragge Settlers in United States in the 17th Century
Contemporary Notables of the name Spragge (post 1700)
Contemporary Notables of the name Spragge (post 1700)
Spragge Family Crest Products
Spragge Family Crest Products
See Also
See Also
Other References
The Spragge Family Crest was acquired from the Houseofnames.com archives. The Spragge Family Crest was drawn according to heraldic standards based on published blazons. We generally include the oldest published family crest once associated with each surname.
This page was last modified on 18 August 2017 at 14:58.
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- HubPages»
- Gender and Relationships»
- Marriage
Can Cousin Marrying Cousin: Be Legal, Sin or Genetic problem.
Cousin marriage
Marriage among cousins was a custom in some parts of Hindu and Muslim countries but very much lower in ratio in the Western countries.
It is also observed that even in Europe and United states cousin marriages have taken place among the kings and also common people. But the tradition has been discouraged severely since the recent past.
Even it is considered illegal or unethical based on personal feelings of unacceptability.
This discouragement was solely due to view of some so called idealistic people.
Even there are certain scientific evidences of genetic abnormality or lack of conception among the married cousin couple. This could also be another fact or reason for the decrease in cousin marriages.
Why or why not
The primary aspect of humans which demarks them from animals is that lack of marriage and sexual relation between children and parents and also between children of same parent or parents.
But still cousin marriage was encouraged by the ancient thinkers with some intentions like.
1. To strengthen the blood relation linked relationships.
2. To hold or safeguard the property or kingdom within the members of family lineage.
Marriage between non cousins has some advantages like better and healthy progeny. Broadening of relation groups. Building of friendships etc.
There were cases wherein some kings gave their daughters in marriage to a mightier king (troublesome) with the intention to build friendship and safe guard their own kingdoms.
How to rules for cousin marriage.
There are people who doubt if its right to go for cousin marriage in both negotiated and also love marriages. This is because fear of improper progeny (by science) or illegal by rules of law or religious unethical (Sin) or something else.
Improper progeny aspect (genetic): There are a good number of cases with troublesome conception or defective children due to cousin marriages. But the ration or chances of this impoper progeny is smaller.
The cousin marriage if as a custom running from very long or many previous generation, then the chances of improper progeny is higher. But if there is no history of cousin marriage in at least past few generation, then it may not pose a severe problem.
Legal aspect: There are not many nation which made laws regarding cousin marriage or prohibition of cousin marriage so check for the rules if any in your nation.
SIn or ethical aspect: As regards to the human and animal differences philosophy, cousin should not be preferably a child of same parent as per religous ethics.
But as a rule of cousin marriages, lets see how they were or even now practiced in certain religions
The rule of Hindu community was to go for marriage among cross cousins i.e. a guy can marry his father's sister's daughter or his mother's brother's daughter.
But it is also said that among Muslims a guy could marry his fathers brother's daughter.
Science points out to a likely problem in the outcome of the children. But the ancient Indians or intellectuals are not that ignorant in this aspect. Perhaps they have this tradition to retain or keep up the family relations of past intact.
Any how i personally feel this system also helped them get a guy or girl in marriage, whom they had a bit of acquittance or prior idea of their nature, charector or culture etc.


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New Era Fitted Washington Nationals DC Hat Size 7 1/2
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This is A 100% Authentic Hat....Very Stylish!Washington Nationals DC Fitted Baseball Hat Size 7 1/2 Retail Price $32.00 This Is A New Era Fitted Size 7 1/2 Hat, Brown and Sky Blue with Brown/Sky Blue plaid detailing, Very nice & Brand New With Tags. It looks just like the picture shows. This Hat Was Never Worn or tried on. A Must Have For Any Nationals Fan! Payment Due Within 5 Days From End Of Auction. Paypal Preferred. Product Sent When Payment Is Received. Make Sure Of Size Before Bidding. Thank You and Happy bidding!


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Looking for a simple way to improve your fitness and reinvigorate your run? Hightailing it to a local trail can enhance the quality of your run, but if you typically stick to the road, it can be intimidating to start trail running. It doesn't have to be complicated. With just a few adjustments to your current routine, you can blaze the trails and reap the benefits!
No matter your running level, ditching the pavement for trails offers more variability to your run. Trails don't have to involve technical, rocky routes or thousands of feet in elevation. A converted rail trail, a rolling route through a grassy meadow or even a packed gravel path through a local park will do the trick. "Off-road" running is as simple as it sounds — you're simply switching up asphalt and concrete for an alternative surface in a more scenic environment. Who doesn't like the sound of that? Here are three surprising benefits to entice you to give trail running a try:
1. Injury prevention: In addition to the scenery, trails can provide a host of benefits to make you stronger and more injury-resistant. This is because the variety of trail surfaces works a wider array of muscles in your feet, legs and core — they're ideal for injury prevention.
2. Better focus: Trails will also teach you to run with focus. This is a lesson you'll learn quickly when your mind wanders and you catch your toe on a root that appeared out nowhere. (It happens to the best of us!)
3. Endorphin rush: Trail running can also provide an endorphin rush that you'll rarely find running on a treadmill or through your local streets. It stimulates all of your senses and can be a wonderful way to enjoy the act of running for its own sake, rather than as a means to an end. Every trail is different and changes with the seasons, giving you ample opportunity to experience a full range of nature.
With all of these benefits, what keeps runners off the trails? The most common answer is this: fear. Fear comes in many shapes and sizes. In a remote, mountainous environment, fear of wildlife and treacherous weather conditions can be very real and well-deserved. Technical trails (i.e., those that include lots of rocks, roots and even boulders) can require experience for safe navigation to avoid falls or sprained ankles.
Just know that even the most seasoned runners can trip up on trails. If you want to try out trail running but are intimidated by the idea, don't let fear stop you. Trail running can be as simple as a 5K through the park or as complex as a 50-mile ultramarathon through the mountains. The key is to start small, get comfortable with the experience and build from there. The sky is literally the limit!
Michelob ULTRA has partnered with the American Hiking Society on an initiative to help restore running, cycling, and hiking trails which are essential to Michelob ULTRA drinkers' pursuit of an active life. From September 4th through November 26th, Michelob ULTRA will be donating a portion of every purchase up to $200,000 to the restoration of 12 trails across the United States. Your vote then decides where these funds will go.
To support this initiative purchase any package of Michelob ULTRA then vote for your favorite trail, by visiting michelobULTRA.com/theextramile. For information on Michelob ULTRA, visit MichelobULTRA.com or Michelob ULTRA on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.
Step 1: Find a trail.
So let's start with the obvious — first you need to find a trail! Depending on where you live, there may be a trail right outside your door, or you may need to do a little research. Your research should at least account for the trail's distance, elevation gains and tree cover. It's best to start easy when you're first getting used to trail running, so don't go searching for the hilliest or most technical climbs, or you may find yourself overwhelmed.
Remember, your primary goal is to get off the road, so a local park may be a great way to start. A few online resources for trails include Trails.com, TrailRunner.com and TrailRunProject.com. Even Google Maps can be useful — when looking at a map of your area, look for the green areas that indicate parks, wooded areas or nature preserves.
2. Prepare yourself prerun.
Trail running requires little in the way of extra gear, especially when starting out. Here are few key things to consider:
- Shoes: For newbies, your regular running shoes will be just fine for many trails.
Always be aware of the terrain. Here's a primer on How to Choose the Right Shoe for Every Surface.
- Sunscreen: Protect your skin from harmful UV rays — they're there even on gloomy days — by applying sunscreen at least 30 minutes before your run.
- Route: Plan your route ahead of time. Bring a map if the area has lots of twists and turns.
- Hydration: Carry a water bottle and granola bar if you plan to be out more than 45 minutes, or if it's hot and humid.
- Weather: Bring an extra layer if the weather looks questionable so you aren't caught unprepared, especially when running in exposed areas at higher elevation.
3. Accept a slower pace.
As a newbie trail runner, expect your pace to be slower than running on the sidewalk or treadmill. This is normal, so don't be discouraged! Until you get comfortable with different types of terrain, don't expect to cover the same mileage on a run that you normally would. Note that even the most accomplished runners will tell you that there is zero shame in hiking the hilly parts.
A solution is to stop nitpicking miles and use a running app to track your progress. For runners who keep track of time and distance, convert the road miles to trail miles, and start running by time. For example, if you do a 5-mile road run in 50 minutes, run an out-and-back route that is 25 minutes in each direction on the trail. Track your trail run progress on an app like MapMyFitness — you can turn off the notifications for time.
As you get used to navigating rocks, routes and creeks, you'll gain a better feel for both easy and hard paces on the trail.
4. Stay focused.
When running on the road, it's easy to zone out since each step you take is pretty much identical to the last. This is rarely the case on trails, and you'll find you need to be more attentive to your running route. Allow your eyes to scan 5–10 feet ahead of you, but avoid staring directly down at your feet. Looking ahead allows your brain time to perceive and react to upcoming obstacles so you can navigate them successfully. It's helpful to leave your music at home (at least initially) so that you can focus on the surrounding environment and enjoy the sounds of nature!
5. Stay safe.
As with road running, it's ideal to run with a friend or a dog when you are out logging your miles. We know not everyone has the luxury of an accountabilibuddy, so you need to exercise caution. If you're heading out solo, let someone know where you're going and for how long. Although you may not need it, pepper spray is a useful means for protection from ill-intentioned people and animals.
Tech Tip: Apps like MapMyRun have a live tracking feature so that your friends will know where you are.
If you stick with the guidelines above, you're almost certain to have a happy trail run. In addition, there are a few rules (some unspoken) that apply to the trails. Be kind to your fellow runners and practice good trail etiquette:
1. Runners should yield to other trail users, including bikes and horses.
2. Uphill runners should always yield to downhill runners.
3. If you want to pass someone, alert them from behind to let them know your intention.
4. Stay on the main trail except when passing so as not to damage surrounding vegetation.
5. It should go without saying, but never litter (even food waste!), and always carry out whatever you carried in.
6. Play music at a volume that is loud enough to enjoy but not loud enough to ruin the experience for others on the trail.
7. If running in a group, give fellow trail runners a wider berth than you would if you were running on the road. Trails can require abrupt changes in speed, and you may find yourself falling unceremoniously on your running buddies if they slow down or stop abruptly.
Simplicity and functionality are key for trail running gear. When you're just starting out, there's no need to change from a regular pair of running shoes or clothes, as long as you don't mind them getting wet, dirty or snagged. If you tend to sweat a lot, invest in a couple of moisture-wicking shirts and shorts to keep comfortable. And depending on the trails you choose, gaiters may be helpful to keep rocks and grit out of your shoes. As you become advanced with trail running and choose increasingly challenging trails, invest in a pair of trail shoes with good traction.
Don't know where to start? We rounded up 6 Shoes for Your Toughest Runs.
Additionally, certain gear is needed in specific situations. If you enjoy running during predawn or evening hours, a headlamp or light source is a must. If you live in a really hot or humid area, bring along a handheld water bottle or hydration pack because most trails will have limited drinking water access.
Trail running can be an amazing way to experience our natural environment. With so many types of trails available to runners in every corner of the world, there's no reason not to get out there and experience it firsthand. If you come back dirty, wet, inspired and looking forward to your next trail run, you'll know you have done it right!
Do you trail run, or do you want to? If so, share your experience in the comments below.
Jason Fitzgerald is the head coach at Strength Running, one of the web's largest coaching sites for runners. He is a 2:39 marathoner and USA Track & Field–certified coach; his passion is helping runners set monster personal bests.


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Stock Graphic - Rose Watercolor clip art 238704 by LABFcreations @ CreativeMarket
File Size: 9.09 MB; Requirements: Adobe CS4+; DPI: 300 DPI.
Watercolor Hand drawn clip art - spring Rosette. Orange and bright pink rose composition.
This hand drawn floral watercolor is ideal for use in your digital creations such as card template designs, for your logo, on your blog, invitations, digital projects, sites, scrapbooking, wedding invitations etc.! Each element was painted on watercolour paper. Sizes can be manipulated in editing software such as Photoshop or an online editor .
You will receive 11 Png file (2 original design compositions) and 9 elements, colored as shown on a transparent background.
All images are 300dpi, coloured and ready to use. size : png 10 mb ; Watermark will not appear in your files.
Instant Download.
You should be able to download the files instantly after purchase.
If you need a different size, please feel free to send me a conversation.
Thank you.
All images are ? 2015 LABFcreations
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International Bikers Festival
Period: August
Every year Batumi International Bikers Festival attracts around 400 bikers from different countries. The festival start point is usually nearby territory of Batumi House of Justice. During the whole day competitions between bikers in different categories are held. Winners are presented monetary rewards and other prizes. The festival is organized by a travel agency "Biartour" and Georgian National Federation of Extreme Sports, while Batumi City Hall and Ajara Department of Tourism and Resorts act as supporting organizations.
The Department publishes the information on the web site provided by the third party. Therefore, the given prices, rates and additional information must be verified with the information provider.


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Don't miss out on a lower price on this hotel
Get an overview of this hotel3-star Belo Horizonte hotel in Centro, near Liberty Square
Collecting Nectar Points
Simply enter your Nectar card number when you check out. Your points will be credited 35 days after you return from your trip.
*Terms and conditions apply.
Popular property highlights
Located in Centro, this hotel is within 1 mi (2 km) of September Seven Square and Liberty Square. Sete de Setembro Square and Sao Jose Church are also within 10 minutes.
Hotel Features
A restaurant, a business center, and a 24-hour front desk are available at this hotel. Free buffet breakfast and free WiFi in public areas are also provided.
Room Amenities
All 52 rooms offer free WiFi, refrigerators, and LED TVs with cable channels. Guests will also find minibars, phones, and desks.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!Opens in a new window
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
The hotel offers a restaurant. A complimentary breakfast is offered each morning. Wireless Internet access is complimentary. A business center is on site at this 3-star property.
- Business center
- Free breakfast
- Luggage storage
- Restaurant
- Total number of rooms - 52
- Number of floors - 4
- Free WiFi
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Elevator/lift
- 24-hour front desk
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Free Wi-Fi
- Refrigerator
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Room Amenities
- Air conditioning
- Phone
- Refrigerator
- Minibar
- Daily housekeeping
- Private bathroom
- Desk
- Iron/ironing board (on request)
- Cable TV service
- Free WiFi
Where to Eat
A complimentary buffet breakfast is served each morning between 7 AM and 9 AM.
Mestre Cuca - This buffet restaurant serves breakfast only.
If you have requests for specific accessibility needs, please note them at check-out when you book your room.
- Accessible bathroom
- In-room accessibility
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at noon
Minimum check-in age is 18
Check-out time is noon
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Kids stay free! One child 3 years old or younger stays free when using existing bedding.
- Pets not allowed (service animals welcome)
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
- No onsite parking is available.
Hotel Name
- Hotel Turista
- Hotel Turista Belo Horizonte
- Turista Belo Horizonte
- Turista Hotel
- Hotel Turista Belo Horizonte, Brazil
We should mention
Parents or a legal guardian traveling with children under 18 years must present the child's birth certificate and an identity card with photo (passport, for example) at the check-in. For international travels from Brazil, if just one of the parents is traveling with the child, she/he must present – in addition to the child's certificate of birth and identity card with photo – a letter authorizing the trip signed by the other parent with a notarial certification of signature. In case the parents or the legal guardian, as applicable, cannot or are unwilling to give this authorization, a judicial authorization is required. People who intend to travel to Brazil with children must consult with the Brazilian consulate before traveling for more information. One child 3 years old or younger stays free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding.


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Beginning in 1978, with my book, Like Yourself and Others Will, Too, I have addressed the problem of unwarranted feelings of low self-esteem in books, articles and lectures. I've read much on the subject, but I must sadly admit that I do not know any particularly effective psychotherapeutic approach to this ubiquitous, vexing problem. (By the same token, I do not believe anyone else does either.) Therapy may alleviate some contributing factors, but the basic problem appears to be refractory.
There is a story that before Rabbi Dov Ber, the successor to the Baal Shem Tov, died, his disciples asked him whom they should choose as their Rebbe. Rabbi Dov Ber said, "Visit the various tzaddikim, and ask them for a technique to overcome ga'ava (vanity). Anyone who gives you an effective method, you will know that he is not the right person. Only Hashem can relieve you of ga'avah, and you must pray for His help."
It is of interest that Rabenu Yonah of Geronda said that the feelings of ga'avah are a desperate attempt by a person to relieve the distress of low self-esteem. By thinking oneself to be superior to others, the baal ga'avah seeks to assuage the pain of feeling unworthy, incapable and undeserving (Rabenu Yonah al haTorah p.156)
The Talmud says, "A person's yetzer hara renews itself each day and seeks to destroy him, and if not for Hashem's help, one could not withstand it" (Kedushin 30b). Unaided human efforts are futile.
In what way does the yetzer hara seek to destroy a person? By crushing him and making him feel incompetent, undesirable and unworthy. These feelings are groundless, but a person is convinced they are true. Low self-esteem is not anivus (humility). It is not a virtue because it is sheker (falsehood), and sheker is always destructive.
Psychologists have been unable to explain the phenomenon of the "self-esteem paradox," wherein people who are more gifted are likely to have a lower self-esteem than less-talented people. If we realize that the unwarranted feelings of inferiority are a delusion wrought by the yetzer hara, this is understandable, because the Talmud says, "The greater one is, the greater is one's yetzer hara" (Succah 52a). A more gifted person is subject to a much greater negative force.
Shaul Hamelech was a great tzaddik who was profoundly humble, but his humility deteriorated into low self-esteem, and his failure to assert his authority as king was disastrous to the nation. Shmuel Hananvi said to him, "If you are little in your own eyes, I have made you the leader of Israel" (Samuel I 15:17). The Talmud says, "The misguided humility of Rebbe Zacharia was responsible for the destruction of the Temple" (Gittin 56a)
The toxicity of low self-esteem is due precisely to the fact that the feeling is a delusion, and like any other delusion is not subject to logical correction. Low self-esteem may manifest itself in a variety of ways, either as frank negativity or as a defense against negativity.
Rav Shlomo Walbe points out that a feeling of chashivut (worthiness) is essential for Yiddishkeit. Prior to mattan Torah, Hashem told the Israelites, "You will be a nation of priests and a holy people. You will be a treasure unto Me from among all nations." The Talmud says that a person is obligated to feel, "|The world was created for me, and the Torah was given for me" (Sanhedrin 37a). Causing a person to feel inferior and unworthy is the Satan's way of undermining Torah.
In articles and videos, I have described my struggle with low self-esteem. My book, Life's Too Short, in which I describe the more common behaviors incident to low self-esteem, is essentially autobiographical. None of the factors that are generally implicated as causative of low self-esteem were present in my case. My parents were loving and devoted, I was my father's favorite, and I succeeded in everything I did, yet I often felt inadequate and undesirable.
At this point, I must make an important caveat. The low self-esteem that I am discussing is an attitude that a person has about oneself and about people in one's environment. It is generally a lifelong attitude, not having a sharp onset at a particular point in time. In my case, I can recall low self-esteem behavior when I was in grade school, and it continued into adult life. This should be distinguished from the low self-esteem that is a symptom of a depressive disorder, which has its onset with the depression and leaves when the depression is successfully treated.
Countless people suffer from the delusion of inferiority, developing a variety of psychological symptoms. While psychotherapy is often helpful, it cannot eradicate the problem completely.
My point in writing about low self-esteem is to alert people that they may be suffering from this delusion, and that in addition to therapy, they should utilize the method of the Chafetz Chaim: intense tefillah. The Talmud says that the only One who can save a person from the crushing force of the yetzer hara is Hashem, and we must seek His help in tefillah.


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Fri 7th Jun at 8:00pm
Random Hand
@ The Soundhouse, Leicester
Also appearing: Anti Vigilante, The Karma Party
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Check out the info below for future tour dates, and track them to receive alerts when they tour near you
Never miss another 'Random Hand' show
Random Hand
Random Hand have spent the last decade tearing full throttle through the UK with their ferocious, in your face ska-punk-metal mashup. Stops along the way in the U.S.A, Canada, Russia and mainland Europe have enhanced relentless UK touring. Random Hand's long awaited 3rd album, 'Seething Is Believing' was released in March of 2011 through Bomber Music to widespread acclaim. The release has been supported by tours and festival appearances across Europe, with a North American release on Stomp Records.
Random Hand tour dates
Anti Vigilante
Anti Vigilante are a four piece skacore mash up from Milton Keynes. Since forming in 2004, they have built a rock-solid reputation based on ferocity - both on stage and on recording - and good old-fashioned hard work.
Anti Vigilante tour dates
The Karma Party
Four piece Blackpool band, The Karma Party, have come to make their mark on this tiny island as a thorn in the side of the establishment – four proud nemeses of the government, the royal family, celebrity culture, the banking system and the music industry.
They are outsiders, firm proponents of "punk-step" – an innovative, punchy sound incorporating punk, hardcore, darkstep and dub elements with fast, melodic guitars and electronica, peppered with rapid-fire destructive lyrics that explode into social consciousness.
The Karma Party tour dates
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Venue Facts
Venue: The Soundhouse
Website: soundhouseleicester.co.uk
Email: ...
→ Leicester 6 min walk


text: was speaking to the technical department about my probs with the boot looping desire and thought id ask about froyo.... acording to the technical department it failed testing due to problems with the android market. so what have they been doing to the codeing of the market place app to make it fail testing??? cant see why they would need to touch a part of the code that works fine


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Two-Way Relaying Using Constant Envelope Modulation and Phase-Superposition-Phase-Forward
In this paper, the authors propose the idea of Phase-Superposition-Phase-Forward (PSPF) relaying for 2-way 3-phase cooperative network involving constant envelope modulation with discriminator detection in a time-selective Rayleigh fading environment. A semi-analytical expression for the Bit-Error-Rate (BER) of this system is derived and the results are verified by simulation. It was found that, compared to one-way relaying, 2-way relaying with PSPF suffers only a moderate loss in energy efficiency (of 1.5 dB). On the other hand, PSPF improves the transmission efficiency by 33%.
Provided by: Springer Topic: Mobility Date Added: Nov 2011 Format: PDF


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Outsmart Windows spyware on your PC
Quick links for Windows spyware:-
What is spyware?
Why is spyware such a big problem?
Anti-spyware versus antivirus
Outsmarting spyware
Recommended anti-spyware packages
Spyware is big business for criminals and less ethical organizations on the internet today. If you want to make sure your computers working for you and not spying on you, this guide is the place to start.
You should already have some idea of what Windows spyware actually does if you have already read our guide on how to beat computer viruses in Windows. Although not as dangerous as computer viruses, spyware can nevertheless spell trouble for Windows users. This article will explain how, why and what to do about spyware on your system.
What is spyware?
As we discussed in our article about computer viruses, spyware is software that is designed to watch events on your computer and report this information back via the internet. Data on the web sites you visit, for example, is extremely valuable to marketing and market research companies. Information on the media you watch or listen to can be used by sites to build a profile of what kind of consumer you are and then used for targeted advertising. More sinister Windows spyware may even try and capture passwords, files or PIN numbers as you enter them.
At this point, it is worth reminding you that not all Windows spyware is necessarily bad. At Top-Windows-Tutorials.com we are big fans of LastFM, which logs what music you listen to and makes recommendations on new music based on the data it collects. The Alexa Toolbar is a popular toolbar that, amongst other useful features, uses data it collects on your surfing habits to bring back better search results for you. Both of these freely available pieces of software are considered by some people to be spyware. Unless you are concerned about keeping the data they collect confidential, there is no reason why you should not use them.
Having said that, your computer belongs to you and you only and you should decide who gets your data and who does not.
Malicious spyware, such as programs which collect private data like passwords or PIN numbers, should be removed or, better still, blocked from entering your system at all times.
Benign 'spyware' such as Alexa should only be running on your PC with your permission.
Still curious about the different types of Windows spyware? check out the wikipedia article on Windows spyware.
Why is Windows spyware such a big problem?
Remember the last time you installed some new software on your computer? Was it a great free application you downloaded from the web, or perhaps an application package you purchased from a store? Either way, it is extremely likely that when you installed it at some point it presented you with a 4 or 5 page long "end user licence agreement" or "EULA". These are typically extremely wordy, legal documents designed partly to cover the authors or distributors against anyone who uses the software incorrectly and then tries to sue. Now, did you actually read all of the EULA when you installed the software? If you answered No then don't worry, neither did I!
Now, remember we said before that spyware should only be collecting data on you with your permission? This isn't just a courtesy, if an application collects data on you without your permission then it is probably illegal. However, in that wordy, boring EULA, sly marketing companies added clauses that allowed them to install all sorts of Windows spyware along with otherwise useful or harmless looking free applications. Aside from violating your privacy, these sneaky applications can slow your computer or internet connection down, as they beaver away collecting your information. One of these applications you might not even notice, but if you surf around and try out lots of software, they can quickly build up until your system becomes slow or even unstable.
Antivirus vs. Anti-Spyware
When this article was originally published, there was a more clear distinction between antivirus products and anti-spyware. In more recent times however, the whole anti-malware market has converged and typically antivirus packages will scan for spyware too. If you are particularly concerned about spyware, it can't hurt to scan your computer with a dedicated anti-spyware package especially as many of them are free. If you decide to install an anti-spyware package with real time (automatic) scanning capabilities, make sure that it can run in tandem with your antivirus solution. Remember that real time scanning also consumes computing resources and will have a small impact on your computers performance.
Outsmarting Windows spyware
To keep one step ahead of spyware, you don't need to start reading EULA's or even stop downloading free software. A few sensible precautions are all that is needed to keep your PC spyware free. Following the guidelines for keeping your system virus free that we set out in our computer viruses article will also help you in the fight against Windows spyware, but here are a few more pointers to keep your PC running spyware free.
If in doubt, Google it! If you are thinking of trying out some free software and you have not heard of the company behind it before, do a little research first. Usually all it takes is a quick look on Google to find out about any software on the net.
One search-bar is enough. If you like the facilities offered by a search bar or browser tool bar, then choose one from one of the reputable providers such as Yahoo! MSN, Google or Alexa. Resist the temptation to use every free search bar or desktop widget available on the web. Even if these programs are harmless, running software you do not use will simply slow your computer down. Do not let your PC wind up looking like the picture below!
Ensure your firewall is enabled. Use a software firewall such as the Windows firewall or Zone Alarm. A hardware firewall such as those that routers or broadband sharing hardware often incorporate will almost always offer no protection whatsoever against Windows spyware running itself on your PC. With a software firewall installed, programs must be given permission to connect to the internet. This is ideal for spotting potential spyware applications as they no longer can send information outside of your computer without your permission. If you want to learn more about firewalls, check out our firewall and internet security software section.
Beware of malicious ActiveX controls. ActiveX controls are extensions that work with Microsoft Internet Explorer. ActiveX controls can do all sorts of wonderful things such as play video or display PDF documents and are used by companies such as Adobe and Microsoft to extend Internet Explorers functionality. Unfortunately, ActiveX controls can also be used as a means of installing spyware or even computer viruses. Because of this you should NEVER install an ActiveX control from a site you do not explicitly trust. If you are concerned about accidentally installing an ActiveX control, consider using Firefox or Opera web browsers instead and always keep your browser up to date!
Scan your computer occasionally using one of our recommended packages. Even if you take all of the above precautions, it can't hurt to scan your PC from time to time. We'll take a look at three of the best packages now.
Lavasoft Ad-Aware – A firm favourite amongst the Top-Windows-Tutorials staff, Ad-Aware has been cleaning spyware for the better part of a decade and has remained a trusted and powerful spyware cleaning solution throughout its long life. Extremely easy to use and better still, free for non commercial use, there really isn't much you can say against this superb little package. Paid versions even include real-time spyware monitoring (that means it watches out for spyware in the background while you work, rather than just when you run a scan) and full technical support.
MalwareBytes Anti-Malware – A popular and critically acclaimed anti-malware package that has extensive anti-spyware capabilities. The free version of the software can scan your PC, while a paid version offers real-time protection too.
Spybot Search & Destroy – A very powerful, feature rich and effective spyware scanner that amazingly is totally free. Spybot's advanced features have been praised by computer experts and system administrators. However, its more technical interface can be intimidating to novice users when compared with Ad-Aware. Many users install both Ad-Aware and Spybot, especially when scanning systems that are already infected with spyware in order to scan for the broadest range of malicious software. Waning in popularity in recent years after receiving a number of damning reviews, this solution is best used in conjunction with other packages, if at all.
For help and advice on using anti-spyware products in Windows, check out our Windows spyware removal tutorials.
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