text:
Tommaso Campanella, Hermetic theologian and victim of the Inquisition, wrote his "Civitas Solis" ("City of the Sun") in 1623, in a Naples prison; a dream of light in all that darkness both physical and intellectual. An uninhabitable utopia, according to Jonathan Raban ("Soft City", Collins, 1988):
"Campanella starts with architecture, and to begin with he shows us a city without people, or, at least, with only the wispiest of sketch-figures, of the kind that architects like to put (merely as indications of relative scale) walking outside projected factories and town halls. It consists of seven concentric fortified circles, named after the planets, and four streets following the points of the compass. At the centre is the Temple of Knowledge and Metaphysics, an awesome and uncomfortable place which sounds darkly like the Royal Festival Hall. Each of the seven city walls is painted with representations of various aspects of human knowledge – maths, geometry, botany, physics, folklore, geology, medicine, engineering, and so on – so that living in the city would be like inhabiting a symmetrical three-dimensional encyclopaedia…"
Voltaire redesigned the Marquise du Châtelet's house at Cirey-sur-Blaise in much the same manner. On the grand entrance door to the gallery, for example, he expressed his philosophical conviction, rooted in Maupertuis' pre-Darwinian theory of evolution, which portrayed the sea as the source of life, by sculpting into the stone of the door-frame a set of sea-shells and the two faces of Neptune, one awake, the other sleeping. The entire door is in fact an imagistic philosophical treatise on the significance of the arts and sciences – a revolutionary statement in those High Catholic times, and precisely the sort of heresy that had put him in the Bastille in the first place (he was living at Cirey in exile). A proper building should have representations of saints not world astronomical maps, votive candles for piety not a compass, ruler and T-square for geometry, and if there must be a pen and its holder to adorn the left side of the door, let it represent the gospels, not secular, atheistic literature. But Voltaire equated literature with architecture, as Manguel did when he built his library, as Borges did when he built his, as Dante did when he constructed his Inferno, Purgatorio and Paradiso, as Solomon did when he constructed the First Temple in Jerusalem.
The modern city of Kyoto was architected similarly, an imitation of the Chinese city of
Chang'an (present-day Xi'an) in fact, arranged in accordance with traditional Chinese Feng Shui, with the Imperial Palace facing south, and the remainder of the city in two sectors, the Ukyō to the west and the Sakyō to the east. Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the architect who completed the construction of Kyoto, equated architecture with literature, as Frank Lloyd Wright did when he built Fallingwater, as Colin St John Wilson did when he built the new British Library in London, as Julius Caesar failed to do, when he ordered the destruction of the greatest library of the ancient world, in Alexandria, in Egypt.
Tommaso was baptised as Giovanni Domenico Campanella, but took the name Tommaso in honour of Aquinas when, something of a child prodigy, he became a Dominican scholar at the age of just 15. He published his first book at the age of 24, so vehement in its anti-Aristotelianism that he was confined in a convent for the next five years. Released, he was unable to stay out of trouble for very long; he was accused of leading a rebellion against Spanish rule in his Italian home town, tortured, and then locked up, crippled and ill, for life, which turned out to be 27 years. Not that prison stopped him writing, and over these years he published "The Monarchy of Spain" (1600), "Political Aphorisms" (1601), "Quod Reminiscetur" (probably 1606), "Atheismus Triumphatus" ("Atheism Conquered", 1607), "Metaphysica" (1623), "Theologia" (1624), and "The City of the Sun" (in Italian in 1602; published in Latin in Frankfurt in 1623, and then in Paris in 1638).
Campanella also defended Galileo at his first trial, and wrote to him before his second trial, saying that "I felt great disgust upon understanding that theologians of the Congregation are to prohibit the Dialogues of yours truly, and no person will be (in that council) who knows mathematics, or about recondite things. Be warned that while yours truly does state the thoroughly-forbidden opinion of the motion of the earth, you are not obliged to believe the reasons of those who contradict you. This rule is theological, and the validity is like that of the second Council of Nicaea which decreed that angelorum imagines depingi debent, quam'am vere corporei sunt (images of angels must be depicted as they are in the flesh): while this decree is valid, the reason is not, since all scholars in our day accept that angels are incorporeal. There are other very reasons. I doubt violence to people who do not know. The present Pope likely has not made his mind up in this case...but for my part, I will write and warn the Grand Duke of Tuscany, that if they put Dominicans, Jesuits, Theatines, and secular priests against your books in this council, they should also admit Father Castelli and me."
Life imprisonment turned out to be open to parole, and in 1626 Campanella was freed, ironically at the behest of Pope Urban VIII, who personally interceded on his behalf with Philip IV of Spain and then employed Campanella as his personal astrologer. When further unrest against the Spanish began in 1634, Campanella feared re-arrest and fled to France, was granted a royal pension, and lived out his last years at the convent of Saint-Honoré in Paris. His final work was a poem, "Ecloga in portentosam Delphini nativitatem", celebrating the birth of the future Louis XIV. While so many of the works of the great thinkers of Europe lie on the shelves of prohibited literature in the Vatican, or among the ashes of the fires of the autos-da-fé, Campanella's "City of the Sun" is still available, most easily at Project Gutenberg, though there is a version for Kindle if you prefer. A must-read.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|13 May 1975
|Filing date
|7 Apr 1971
|Priority date
|7 Apr 1971
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Cunningham Jr Thomas C
|Original Assignee
|Bendix Corp
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (51), Classifications (14)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
United States Patent 11 1 Cunningham, Jr.
1451 May 13, 1975 [75] Inventor: Thomas C. Cunningham, ,lr., Ann
Arbor, Mich.
[731 Assignee: The Bendix Corporation, Teterboro,
[22] Filed: Apr. 7, 1971 211 Appl.No.: 131,881
[52] US. Cl. 313/55; 313/55; 313/309; 313/336; 313/351 [51] Int. Cl. H01j 35/06 [58] Field of Search 313/55, 56, 58, 309, 336, 313/351 [56] References Cited UNlTED STATES PATENTS 2,277,712 3/1942 Otto 313/351 3,309,523 3/1967 Dyke et al. 313/351 Primary ExaminerR. V. Rolinec Assistant E.raminer-Darwin R. Hostetter Attorney, Agent, or FirmAnthony F. Cuoco; S. H. Hart:
[57] ABSTRACT Several field emission diode x-ray tubes. each having a graphite fabric cathode mounted in a spaced, insulated relationship with respect to an anode are described herein. The different tubes illustrate various shaped cathodes. The tubes are pulse type x ray generators. A burst of x-ray is generated by transmitting a high potential pulse of electrical energy, generally on the order of 100 to 300 kilovolts to the x-ray tube. This high potential causes electrons to be emitted from the cathode and strike the anode with sufficient energy to generate x-rays. The fabric cathode is woven from carbon graphite threads Each of the threads forming the fabric is formed from a large number of thin carbon graphite filaments. The high electric potential supplied to the tube during operation causes the ends of the filaments to fray or spread so that each of the individual filaments acts as an electron emitter.
1 Claim, 7 Drawing Figures PMEMEW i m 3,883 7e 0 INVENTOR THOMAS C. CUNNINGHAM BY 1 M2 ATTORNEY FIELD EMISSION X-RAY TUBE HAVING A GRAPHITE FABRIC CATHODE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention X-ray technology.
2. Brief Description of the Prior Art Prior art field emission x-ray tubes, which are sometimes called cold-cathode x-ray tubes, have cathodes comprising a plurality of sharpened blades or a plurality of arrays of sharpened needles. It is very difficult to construct these blade-type and needle array-type cathodes because various dimensions of the cathodes are believed to be critical. For example. it is believed that the electron emitting blade edges and needle points must be very precisely formed to have a radius of curvature between l cm to l0 cm. lt is believed that if a more pointed needle or blade cathode having a smaller radius of curvature is used, the dynamic impedance of the x-ray tube will be lowered, making it impossible to maintain a sufficiently high potential between the anode and cathode to cause electrons to strike the anode with sufficient energy to generate x-rays with enough penetrating power to be useful. Conversely, it is believed that if more rounded blades or needles having larger radii of curvature are provided, the dynamic impedance of the tube will be so increased that the electric potential supplied to the tube will very likely are over across the outside of the tube instead of causing electrons to flow from the cathode to the anode of the x-ray tube and generate x-rays. This higher arcing voltage could also break through the insulation surrounding the tube and be dangerous to anyone in the vicinity of the tube.
Field emission type x-ray tubes require such a high potential during operation, generally between 100 and 1.000 kilovolts, that a portion of the cathode is vapor ized each time an electric potential pulse is supplied to the x-ray tube. The portions of the blade and needle cathodes leading to the electron emitting edges and tips of those cathodes are formed with a 7 percent taper so that the desired radius of curvature will be maintained as portions of the cathode are vaporized. The cathodes are quite small. For example, the cathode needles have a shank diameter of 0.002 inches. It is obviously difficult to construct an element of this size to have exactly a predetermined taper. And even though the needles are provided with exactly a predetermined taper. the life of these field emission type x-ray tubes is relatively short because the needles are changed by local metal during operation. The needle point cathodes have a relatively small number of individual needles so that the high potential supplied to the x-ray tubes during operation creates an extremely high current density in the limited number of available needle points. This high current density melts those needle points and thus limits the life of the tube.
In spite of these drawbacks. it is generally agreed in the art that needle array cathodes are superior to the blade type cathodes. It is believed necessary to precisely control the spacing between the various needles of such a cathode in order to obtain a uniform electric field between the anode and cathode during the initial stages of the generation of a burst of x-rays, and to thereafter create a localized vacuum are between a few needles of the cathode and the anode. It is believed necessary to provide a localized vacuum arc in order to maintain exactly a preselected impedance across the x-ray tube during generation of x-rays so that the x-rays produced will have exactly the desired energy and penetrating power. The needles are so thin, and are spaced so close together, generally from 0.005 inches to 0.0l inches apart, that it is difficult to provide exactly a desired spacing.
The cathodes now used for field emission type x-ray tubes are formed by intricate and painstaking mechanical grinding, chemical etching, and electrolytic etching processes in which a piece of material is reduced to the proper shape and size, or by a crystal growth process in which a solution containing the material from which the cathode is to be formed is brought into contact with an agent that causes the material to be deposited from the solution in a manner that creates needle-like forms. The construction of the types of cathodes presently used in field emission x-ray tubes, satisfying all of the above-discussed requirements. is thus extremely complex, time consuming, and costly.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The subject invention comprises an improved and extremely effective cathode that is very easy to construct. The cathode comprises one or more pieces of fabric having a high melting point, a high electrical conductivity, and sublimation temperature. or in other words a low electrical resistivity, and a high tensile strength. The invention also comprises an improved field emis sion type x-ray tube having this fabric cathode mounted in an insulated, spaced relationship with respect to an anode. The particular fabric illustrated herein is a graphite fabric. The fabric is woven from a large number of individual threads, which are in turn formed from a large number of individual filaments. During operation of the x-ray tube, a high potential electric pulse is supplied to the x ray tube. This pulse establishes a large potential difference between the anode and the cathode and causes electrons to be emitted from the cathode. These electrons flow to and strike the anode to cause x-rays having a predetermined energy to be emitted from the anode. This large potential difference also causes the ends of the filaments to spread so that each filament can act as an electron emitter. The field emission type x-ray tube illustrated herein has an extremely long operating life because the fabric cathodes have an extremely large number of individual filaments. Each of these filaments can act as an electron emitter during operation of the tubes. Therefore, each fabric filament will thus not be subjected to a current of as high a density as that supplied to each needle of the prior art needle cathodes each time that the tube is operated. In addition, the tube has a long operating life because the fabric has a high melting point and sublimation temperature and thus resists deformation or erosion during operation. The fabric cathode provides a large number of electrons during operation because it has a low electrical resistivity and a large number of filaments. The tube, therefore. supplies a high density x-radiation output which produces clear x-ray pictures. The high tensile strength of the fabric prevents the high electric potential supplied to the x-ray tube during operation causing the cathode to break apart during operation. That is. the large potential difference maintained between the anode and cathode of the x-ray tube acts to repel the various filaments of the fabric cathode from each other and to attract those filaments toward the anode. The fabric must have a high tensile strength in order to resist the force provided by this potential difference.
Three different x-ray tubes having cathodes formed from graphite fabric cut to various shapes are illustrated herein. Each of the graphite fabric cathodes are mounted so that one edge of the fabric is spaced from the anode of the x-ray tube. Electrons are emitted from along this edge and flow to the anode when a large potential difference is provided between the anode and the cathode. The spacing between this edge of the cathode and the anode, the potential difference to be maintained between the anode and cathode, and the energy of the x-rays produced by the tube, is similar to that of prior art field emission x-ray tubes having blade and needle array cathodes.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Further objects, features and advantages of the subject invention, which is defined by the appended claims, will become apparent from a consideration of the following description and accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates the graphite fabric used to form the cathodes of the various x-ray tubes illustrated herein;
FIG. 2 is a plan, cutaway view of a field emission x-ray tube having a rod shaped anode and a cathode comprising a plurality of fabric pieces spaced from the anode and mounted so that the fabric pieces extend longitudinally along the axis of the anode;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the X421}! tube of FIG. 2 cutaway along the plane defined by the lines 33;
FIG. 4 is a plan, cutaway view of an x-ray tube having a ring shaped graphite fabric cathode mounted slightly in front of a pointed rod anode;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the x-ray tube of FIG. 4 cutaway along the plane defined by line 5S;
FIG. 6 is a plan, cutaway view of an x-ray tube having a cylindrical graphite fabric cathode that is concentric with the axis of a pointed rod anode: and
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the x-ray tube of FIG. 6 cutaway along the plane defined by line 66.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 illustrates a piece 10 of the graphite fabric used to form the cathodes in the three x-ray tubes illustrated in the remaining six drawings. Graphite fabric is an example ofa strong fabric having a high sublimation temperature and a low electrical resistivity Graphite has a sublimation temperature range of 3652C to 3697C. an electrical resistivity of 8 X l0 ohm-cm, and filament tensile strengths of50,000 to 100,000 psi. Various grades of graphite fabric having a warp the density of parallel threads running in direction I2 between and 50 threads per inch, and a fill the den sity of parallel threads running in a second direction 14 and crossing the warp threads between 20 and 50 threads per inch are commercially available, and have been found to make effective cathodes. Each of the threads 16 of the fabric piece 10 are formed from a large number of individual filaments. The various above-described grades of commercially available graphite fabric have between 480 and L440 filaments forming each thread. The individual filaments have a diameter of 00003 or 0.0004 inches in readily available grades of graphite fabric. During operation of a field emission x-ray tube, a high potential difference is maintained between the tube anode and cathode. This high potential causes the ends of the filaments to fray or spread so that each filament can act as an electron emitter. A cathode formed from a graphite fabric thus has an enormous number of individual electron emit ting elements. For example, the lowest grade fabric described above having the fewest potential electron emitting elements would have a warp and fill of 24 threads per inch. Each thread would be formed from 480 individual filaments. And the fabric would thus have over H.500 potential electron emitting elements per inch along each of its edges.
A graphite fabric cathode can be constructed far more easily than can the prior art cathodes. A piece of fabric is first woven from rayon threads. The fabric is then heated in an inert or oxygen-free atmosphere to change the rayon to amorphous carbon. The carbonized cloth is then heated in an inert or oxygen-free atmosphere to a higher temperature to convert the amorphous carbon to graphite carbon.
FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate two views of an x-ray tube 18 that is similar to present field emission type x-ray tubes except for the cathode 19 which is formed from two pieces 20 and 22 of graphite fabric. The x-ray tube I8 includes a glass envelope 24, an anode 26 which comprises a pointed tungsten rod, and a cylinder 28 formed from a suitable metal such as nickel having a high electrical conductivity and a high x radiation absorption coefficient encircling the x-ray emitting portion of the anode. The cylinder 28 will have a window not shown) formed from a material transparent to x-rays such as berylium in the front thereof to facilitate the emission of x-rays in a desired direction. Cylinder 28 includes two rectangular conductive clamp elements 30 and 32 that hold the fabric cathode pieces 20 and 22, respectively. Each clamp comprises two parts 31 and 33 formed from an appropriate conductive metal such as nickel. The clamp parts are spot-welded or otherwise bonded together, and are shaped so that the fabric cathodes are held between the clamped parts when the parts are so bonded. The clamps are spot-welded or otherwise bonded to the metallic cylinder 28 of the x-ray tube 18. An electrically conductive path between the fabric cathode l9 and any circuit for providing an electric potential difference across the tube I8 is provided by the elements 30 and 32, cylinder 28, and an electrically conductive annular flange 34.
The relative dimensions of the graphite fabric pieces 20 and 22, the spacing between those pieces and the anode 26, and the magnitude of the electric potential to be provided across the x-ray tube 18 during operation determine the energy and penetrating power ofthe x-radiation produced. Xra v tubes having larger spacings between the anode and cathode and thus larger tube impedances, and those receiving larger electric potential pulses during operation will produce higher energy x-radiation having greater penetrating power than those with smaller anodes-cathodes spacing and receiving smaller electric potential pulses. In a typical embodiment, such as an x-ray tube designed to operate receiving an electric potential pulse between and 300 kilovolts, the fabric cathode pieces 20 and 22 would have a length of about 0.20 inches along edges 36 and 38, respectively. The distance between edges 40 and 42 ofthosc cathode pieces and the anode 26 would be about 05 inch.
In operation, x-rays are produced by supplying either a large positive electric potential to the anode 26 or a large negative electric potential to the cathode pieces and 22 in order to create a large potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the x-ray tube. This potential difference causes electrons to be emitted from the individual filaments of the fabric cathode. These emitted electrons flow to and strike the anode with sufficient velocity to generate x-rays. It is found that well controlled pulses of x-rays having predictable and predetermined energies and penetrating power are obtained from the x-ray tube I8. The tube I8 also has a long life span. Since the filaments are so thin that they are not required to be formed with a tapered end portion, and since they extend completely through the cathode, slow erosion of the cathode during operation of the tube will not change the cross-sectional shape of the filaments, and will thus not affect the performance of the x-ray tube until such time that an extremely large portion of the cathode has been eroded. The tube also has a long operating life because the individual threads disposed generally perpendicular to the anode 26 will act as electron emitters even after they have been eroded sufficiently so that there are threads running parallel to the anode between the anode and the ends of those eroded threads. The energy and penetrating power of x-radiation produced by voltage pulses of the same magnitude also remains substantially constant during the life of this tube.
FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a second x-ray tube 44 that differs from the x-ray tube I8 in that the cathode comprises a washer-shaped graphite fabric ring 46 mounted slightly in front of the tip of anode 26. The washershaped cathode 46 is held by an annular clamp 48 that is clamped to cylinder 50 of the x-ray tube 44. In operation, electrons are emitted from the graphite filaments defining the inside edge 52 of the cathode washer 46. These emitted electrons strike all points on the tapered portion 54 of anode 26. However, since the tip of that anode is closest to the cathode, a very large number of emitted electrons strike the anode tip. A large portion of the x-rays emitted by x-ray tube 44 are therefore emitted from the tip of anode 26. Even though some x-rays are emitted from other portions of the anode 26, a substantial portion of the x-radiation emitted by tube 44 is emitted from a small source that approaches a point source. A small x-ray source provides very high resolution x-ray pictures. This is because an x-ray picture is a shadow picture. With a large radiation source, radiation from one portion of the source can partially obscure or irradiate an edge portion of a shadow provided by radiation from another portion of the source. This is not possible with a small source or a point source since all radiation emanates from the same point. The x-ray tube 44 thus provides a high resolution picture.
FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a third x-ray tube 58 having a graphite fabric cathode 60 that is concentric with the axis of the anode 26 and is also mounted slightly in front of that anode. The structure for holding cathode 60 in place includes a metallic cylinder 62 having a wide annular flange 64 that encircles and contacts the outside of the fabric cathode cylinder 60, and a wide conductive ring 66 that fits inside of the cathode cylinder 60. Four bent metal pieces 68 clamp ring 66 against flange 64 and thus hold graphite fabric 60 firmly be tween those two elements.
In operation, electrons are emitted from the edge 70 of graphite cylinder 60. X-ray tube 58 provides a well defined cone of x-radiation. A large number of the electrons emitted from cathode 60 strike the tip of anode 26 and produce a well-defined cone of xradiation. In addition, the wide metallic flange section 64 absorbs x-radiation and thus reduces the number of x rays propagating in directions diverging sharply from the axis of the x-ray tube.
Having thus described several embodiments of the invention, a number of modifications will be obvious to those skilled in the art. For a first example of such a modification, graphite fabric cathodes can be formed from grades of graphite cloth having either fewer or more filaments per inch than the particular grades described above. The fabrics used in the illustrated embodiments were selected simply because those grades are readily commercially available, and because they do act as effective cathodes. For example, graphite fabric having filament diameters between 0000i and 0.0016 inches, and fabric having filaments having as few as 200 individual filaments are available and can be used to form cathodes. Second, cathodes can be formed from fabrics other than graphite fabric having a high resistance to temperature, a high tensile strength, and a low electrical resistivityv Third, the cathodes need not be exactly as shown in the three embodiments. For example, an x-ray tube similar to tube 18 can have more than two fabric elements. In a tube similar to either 44 or 58, the cathode can be mounted along side the anode and need not be mounted in front of it. And cathodes can be used having shapes other than the particular shapes illustratedv And fourth, the use of fabric cathodes need not be limited to the x-ray art. Fabric cathodes such as those described herein may be used in various microwave applications, in field emission electron-projection microscopes, and in any other system having a high vacuum space surrounding an electron emitting fabric electrode and requiring a high electric potential, on the order of I00 kilovolts or greater, to be maintained between the fabric electrode and another element of the system What is claimed is:
I. In a field emission x-ray tube requiring a large electric potential in order to provide x-rays and having an evacuated envelope with an anode mounted within said envelope, the improvement comprising:
a field emission cathode formed from a woven fabric, said fabric having a predetermined number of threads disposed in a first direction and having free ends for emitting electrons, a second predetermined number of threads disposed in a second direction, said second number of threads crossing and supporting said electron emitting threads;
said fabric also having a sufficiently high resistivity to temperature to resist erosion by melting and sublimation during operation of the field emission x-ray tube, a sufficiently high tensile strength to resist being pulled apart by the large electric potential required by the field emission x-ray tube during operation, and a sufficiently low electric resistivity to provide a predetermined large number of electrons in response to said large electric potential;
said electrons being accelerated by said large electric potential to strike said anode and provide a predetermined number of prays;
emitted from said cathode during operation of the x-ray tube to strike the tip of said anode and thereby causing a large portion of the x-radiation emitted by said x-ray tube to be emitted from substantially the same position
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subset: commoncrawl


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US enters peace discussions with Taliban leaders
Afghan president says talks are progressing well in bid to find political settlement to war
America is in peace discussions with the Taliban, the Afghan president revealed yesterday, in the first official confirmation of direct contact between the foes.
Hamid Karzai said "foreign militaries, especially the United States of America, are going ahead with these negotiations", confirming speculation that the US was pursuing its own initiative to find a political settlement to the decade-long war.
Speaking in Kabul, Mr Karzai said: "Peace talks have started with (the Taliban) already and it is going well."
American State Department officials have reportedly met with former Taliban functionaries who are close to the movement's fugitive leader, Mullah Mohammad Omar.
The Afghan government has been making overtures to the Taliban for years, but these have been rebuffed partly because of the lack of foreign involvement, diplomats have said.
The insurgents see Mr Karzai's government as a powerless puppet regime, backed by an occupying army. Direct US involvement is now thought critical by many advocates of talks.
Previous international efforts to contact the Taliban high leadership have foundered on an inability to reach anyone who has the confidence of the Taliban leader.
In one notorious case last year, a man claiming to be senior leader Mullah Akhtar Muhammad Mansour turned out to be an impostor and walked away with a large sum of money.
Now American envoys are reported to have met Tayeb Agha, a former close aide to Mullah Omar, several times in Qatar.
Diplomats have stressed that the contacts are at the earliest stages and nothing of substance has been discussed.
One senior diplomat in Kabul said: "Lots of people are talking. The net is closing and some of the minnows have been discarded.
"There's some sense that the Taliban are thinking about talks, but there's no serious load-bearing negotiations."
Sceptics point out that the coalition appears more willing to negotiate than the insurgents, who have rejected talks so long as foreign troops remain in Afghanistan.
Hours after Mr Karzai's remarks, up to four Taliban suicide bombers dressed in military uniform attacked a police station in central Kabul. Afhgan authorities said nine people were killed in the attack.
American involvement in talks reflects a sea change in US policy in the country. With growing opposition to the war, President Barack Obama is wary of becoming trapped in a quagmire and America has abandoned its previous objections to talking to the Taliban leadership.
In February, US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton announced that a diplomatic surge to find a peaceful settlement would be a cornerstone of efforts to stabilise the country and withdraw 140,000 Nato-led foreign troops.
Abdul Hakim Mujahid, deputy chair of the High Peace Council, which Mr Karzai appointed with the task of trying to find a settlement, said he welcomed American participation.
But despite Mr Karzai's claims that Afghan efforts were proceeding well, Mr Mujahid said they had stalled over a Taliban request for diplomatic recognition.
America and the Afghan government had baulked at formally defining the Taliban as an official alternative to the Kabul administration.
© Telegraph
Sunday Independent


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Compare costs for Conveyancing Solicitors in Musselburgh. If you are buying, selling or remortgaging in Musselburgh, use our quick and easy form to get 4 instant conveyancing quotes.
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Fixed fee regardless of price or value for straightforward transaction. Monday to Friday 8am to 6pm. Plain English reports and detailed terms of business letters provided. Scotland-wide service with over 35,000 satisfied clients. All work regulated by the Law Society of Scotland and no charge for unsuccessful offers. Fewer than 5% of cases not straightforward but no need to visit our offices. Personal service at all times.
4.7 out of 5.0 based on 13 reviews
Award winning Scottish conveyancing solicitors & estate agents offering house and small commercial sales and purchases including estate agency as well as executries, wills and powers of attorney. Reasonable rates. 0.75% estate agency commission and usual disbursements to be added. This includes a Property Movie of your property. This is quite innovative marketing in Edinburgh and we believe we were the first firm to include this as standard in our marketing package.
We are fully focused omni law property experts who work with some of the UK's leading charities. Whether you are buying, selling or refinancing property, Nero Legal is here to help #makethedifference. We are fully regulated solicitors and approved by all high street lenders so you're in safe hands. With your support, Nero Legal will donate 10% of the standard legal fee to charity. To see our approved charities, the service, or our ethical charter just visit our website or give us a call.
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Newly opened in Inverkeithing High Street. Members of the ESPC. Providing a comprehensive and efficient service.
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- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
- Meal can be requested on the spot
Best offer
58 € / person / night, no meal
Description of the accommodation:
Rooms, services Welcome to Clara Pension Wattens! We hope you will be satisfied the offers of the pension, and will be happy to choose it as a resort to stay at. The pension is offering 14 nicely furnished rooms to stay in to those seeking accommodation in Wattens. The exact equipment and the exact list of available services of Clara Pension Wattens can be read on the information sheet below.
Payment Depending on the selected date, room and price, you may need to provide credit card guarantee or advance bank card payment to finalize your reservation.
Arrival, opening hours The earliest arrival time is 13:00, the latest time to leave the rooms is 11:00. You will be able to speak with the personnel in English and German languages.
RevNGo.com rating Based on one review the pension has achieved 9.5 score and a classification of "Excellent" on RevNGo.com
Clara Pension Wattens rooms Rooms
- Please select a date to see the proper prices!
Accommodation services
Hairdryer, Desk in the room
General Policies
On Saturday and Sunday: 7:30 - 22:00


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Jane P.
Cranbourne, Australia, 3195
Joined on March, 2014
Gender: Female
Average Rating:
Any day at any time
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Up to 10 minutes away for no additional charge
EducationBachelor Teaching (Post Grad) Melbourne University
ExperienceI have 13 years experience and am highly qualified in the area of Primary teaching.
I tutor for a range of purposes including scholarship coaching, learning difficulties in all areas of the Primary curriculum, exam/test preparation eg. NAPLAN testing. My rate is $70 cash an hour.
My tutoring sessions will boost your child's confidence in taking part in NAPLAN style testing and practise answering questions similar to that which will be on the tests. If your child requires assistance in a specific area of the curriculum I tailor my tutoring sessions to address the specific needs of your child.
I can cater for both Maths and English.
I have extensive experience tutoring primary students in the areas of Primary Maths and English.
I have an excellent connection with the students I teach and am extremely supportive and encouraging. I also give that little 'push' where needed. The children I have tutored have shown amazing progress in a very short amount of time.
Students I have tutored have also managed to get a scholarship to their desired school.
HobbiesI have many interests. I really love going to the beach every chance I get and playing on the jetski. I love fishing and the outdoors.
I also love to catch a movie whenever I have spare time and one of my favourite things to do is go out for dinner.
My all time favourite thing to do however, is to spend time with my gorgeous one year old son.
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'Late Nite Catechism'
For those who attended Catholic school as a child, the "Late Nite Catechism" comedy series has a certain nostalgic feel.
But even those who were not raised Catholic, and have never attended a class taught by nuns will have reason to chuckle when the latest in the series, "Til Death Do Us Part: Late Nite Catechism 3" comes to Detroit Lakes' Historic Holmes Theatre this Thursday, Jan. 13 at 7:30 p.m.
"It may be about Catholics, but it's not in your face ... Lutherans will like it too," joked Diana Arioto, who plays the role of "Sister" in Thursday's show.
Actually, anyone who has ever been married or in a serious relationship will likely find something to smile about in "Til Death Do Us Part," Arioto said.
"It's very ecumenical humor," she said. "I'm Catholic, so it's not like I'm making fun of the Catholic Church."
In fact, Arioto said, she was a little concerned about the subject matter when she first auditioned for the part of "Sister" -- but she was reassured once she read the script.
"I've loved nuns since I was a little kid -- my sister even had a nun doll," she said. "I grew up loving the color black -- it's my favorite color."
So she doesn't mind being costumed in a full nun's habit for the show.
"I wear the whole getup," Arioto said.
Those who have seen previous installments of the "Catechism" series, performed by other actresses, may notice that Arioto's version is a little kinder and gentler than some.
"My 'Sister' is not as mean," she said. "She's still strict -- there's no gum chewing! -- but there is some fun to be had.
"I'm not as scary as some, but Sister is still the boss," Arioto cautioned. "It's her class."
Arioto has been performing the role of Sister for about seven years now, in all of its permutations. In the latest "Catechism" installment, she takes on marriage counseling -- Catholic nun style.
"In the first half, it's like you're in class at a Catholic school," Arioto said. "We talk about the sacraments of marriage and the blessing of the sick -- and we have visual aids."
One of those visual aids, she said, is "the timeline of a Catholic marriage."
Then, in the second half, Sister introduces a marriage compatibility quiz game that's "a cross between The Newlywed Game and Match Game," said Arioto.
Though she is the only actor in the show, the audience also plays a crucial role -- they actually fill the roles of participants in Sister's class.
"It's very interactive," she said. "But it's all volunteer -- I'm not going to force anybody.
"It's not a real class -- there won't be a quiz at the end," Arioto joked. "It's entertaining."
And because audience participation is such an intrinsic part of the show, she added, "it's different every night, which makes it fun for me."
When she was first cast in the role of Sister, Arioto said, she was directed to play the part "as though I were really a nun."
In real life, however, she is married -- her husband actually travels with her as the show's production manager.
"I guess I blew my cover," she joked.
Tickets for Thursday's show are $25 for adults and $12.50 for students, and can be purchased by visiting www.dlcccc.org online, by calling the Holmes Theatre Box Office at 218-844-7469, or by visiting us at 806 Summit Ave, Detroit Lakes.


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This is a co-ed renovated 7 bedroom House on Thayer Ave. Its unbelievable because it is located close to the Silver Spring Metro and is one block from Safeway grocery store. This is a good location if you have no car. It's a 15 minutes walk from the house to the metro
Le logement
This is a co-ed renovated 7 bedroom House on Thayer Ave. Its unbelievable because it is located close to the Silver Spring Metro and is one block from Safeway grocery store. This is a good location if you have no car. Walk out of your house and you are one block from all the activities in Downtown Silver Spring Maryland.
If you are an intern, student or young professional looking for housing this fall we have lovely cozy rooms which comes furnished with a bed, table, chair. The rooms are available.
Entire House is bright, sunny and clean. 3 bedrooms are available. This is a great offer for a beautiful room in a lovely 7 bedroom Co-Ed Row housing 10 mins from the silverspring metro Station. This room will be nice for a student or a young professional that doesn't need alot of space. Bedrooms size is (12x 10) and it will come furnished.
This is a well-built 7 bedroom house with tall ceilings throughout, etc. The house is renovated with a classic Victorian look, lovely hardwood floors with a modern kitchen. It is also an Energy-efficient row-house with New Electric Heating System and Air Conditioning. The walls are newly painted a sunny off-white color. The House is on Thayer Avenue and appliances such as an electric range/Microwave.
Utilities included
Parking spot
Accès des voyageurs
Guest(s) will enjoy the privacy of their own space in the bedroom, while having full access to all of the common areas. You will have access to the living room and kitchen.
Échanges avec les voyageurs
I am very sociable, but never intrusive and always respectful of my guests' desire for privacy but I am always available if you have questions or emergency.
Always be kind, considerate and respectful.
No smoking allowed inside the house. Smokers must smoke outside.
Guns and knifes are not allowed in the property.
Wash your dishes and clean the stove after cooking. Take out your trash.
4 commentaires
My name is John and I am from Washington DC, I have lived here for a long time. I love this city, it's diverse and the people here are usually friendly.


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Advanced International Trade
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Civil Rights and Public Policy. Chapter 6. Introduction. Civil Rights Definition: Policies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government officials or individuals. Racial Discrimination Gender Discrimination
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Chapter 6
Mendez v. Westminster (1947)- schools cannot segregate students based on racial/national origins (brown vs. board of education)
Perez v. Sharp (1948)- their should be no state law that bars people of different national/racial origins from marriage (loving v. Virginia
Due process of law
Gender discrimination
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Grand Canyon North Rim Helicopter & Jeep Sunset Tour (Product Code: 12-3282)
Summary of The Day: The helicopter and jeep sunset tour starts from Grand Canyon South Rim, Arizona.
For an adventurous family experience, this tour is a beautiful overview of the Grand Canyon by helicopter with a close up tour of the Kaibab National Forest in a Safari Jeep. The flight over the Grand Canyon is over the "heart of the park," where the Canyon is both the widest and deepest and offers an inspiring view of Nature's work. Upon landing, the adventure will continue on one of off-road trails in the forest climaxed with an on-the-edge Canyon experience timed to watch the sunset; a spectacular dance of sunlight on the Canyon walls forever changing right before your eyes. This is truly an awesome way to experience and understand this natural wonder of the world.
- Clients arrive at Grand Canyon South Heliport 30 minutes prior to departure for check-in at ticket counter.
- All passengers 18 years of age and older must present government issued photo ID.
- Clients board helicopter. Roundtrip aerial flight time is approximately 25 minutes
- Aerial views of the deepest and widest part of the Grand Canyon, including the North Rim.
- Return to Grand Canyon South Rim airport
- Self drive to National Geographic Center to meet jeep
- Clients board jeep. Jeep tour is approximately 2 ½ hours
- Travel through Kaibab National Forest.(Approximately 25 minutes)
- Stop at 80 foot tower with an option to climb for views over the forest (approximately 30 minutes)
- Enjoy the sunset at the final stop on the rim of the Grand Canyon (approximately 1 hour)
- Return by traveling through the forest back to the National Geographic Center
*Adult: 12 and older
*Child: 2-11
*Children under 2 can still fly free on our services and are considered a lap child, however, they will not be allowed to go on the jeep portion.
*Passengers exceeding 300 lbs / 136 kg will be required to purchase an additional seat. When booking, please offer your actual weight. Thank you for your understanding!
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Thanks a lot for a great tour to the Grand Canyon on our fifty wedding anniversary. A very special day for us and you made the day even more special. Thank you!
My wife and I took the 45 minute flight on Saturday Jan 9 at 2 pm. The flight was a great adventure and very enjoyable. The pilot was friendly and helpful.
Thank you Tours4Fun for an amazing experience, and a very special Thank you to Cody our Pilot. Finally, 10 out 10 to the whole Team at Boulder City.
For the flight itself, we had a trip with Brandon who was both interesting and engaging. The day was windy and we were advised of turbulence when we arrived. Luckily, the flight was relatively smooth and the scenery stunning. We were put at... ease by Brandon with interesting facts and general small talk. He was a great companion for the trip. I would have no hesitation in recommending Tours4Fun to anyone travelling to Vegas and look forward to my next trip. Hopefully!! Read full review
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Dear Renee Levy,
Thank for your inquiry.
The duration of this tour is 4 hours, and you can choose your desired departure time listed from the options in Step #2 that is best convenient for you.
You are unable to split the portions of the tour and therefor we recommend taking the entire duration.
Thank you very much.
Best Regards,
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Thanks a lot for a great tour to the Grand Canyon on our fifty wedding anniversary. A very .. Read More
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Recent evidence suggests that vitamin D status may be a modifiable risk factor for nosocomial infections. Quraishi and coauthors performed a retrospective analysis of 770 patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery from a single teaching hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, between 2007 and 2011, to determine whether preoperative 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with the risk of hospital-acquired infections. In this cohort of patients, a significant inverse association was observed between preoperative vitamin D status and the risk of postoperative infections.
Reducing mortality after major postoperative complications (failure to rescue [FTR]) may hold the potential to significantly decrease overall hospital mortality. Gonzalez and colleagues used national Medicare data to examine rates of mortality, complications, and FTR at high- and low-volume hospitals. Compared with low-volume hospitals, high-volume institutions have similar rates of complications but dramatically lower rates of FTR and postoperative mortality.
Invited Commentary
The expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) guides breast cancer management but is not included in the TNM staging system. Bagaria and colleagues examine the effect of the triple-negative phenotype (defined by the absence of ER, PR, and HER2) on TNM staging for 1842 patients with breast cancer and show that the inclusion of a recognized and easily reproducible examination of ER, PR, and HER2 expression improves the prognostic accuracy of TNM staging for breast cancer.
The use of epidural analgesia in laparoscopic colorectal surgery has demonstrated superiority over conventional analgesia in controlling pain; however, controversy exists regarding its cost-effectiveness and its effect on postoperative outcomes. In a retrospective review of a large nationwide database, Habibi and coauthors found that while epidural analgesia appears to be safe, it comes with higher hospital charges, longer hospital stay, and a higher incidence of urinary tract infections.
Continuing Medical Education
The goal of this study was to determine whether providing hospitals with benchmarking information on their trauma mortality outcomes leads to improved outcomes. Glance and colleagues report the impact of providing confidential performance reports in a cohort of 326 206 trauma patients admitted to 44 hospitals, controlling for injury severity, patient case mix, hospital effects, and preexisting time trends. Nonpublic reporting of hospital risk-adjusted mortality rates did not lead to improved trauma mortality outcomes.
There is significant variation in the duration of chemotherapy administered to patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer prior to surgical resection. Kadera and colleagues retrospectively reviewed 49 consecutive patients at a single institution with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage III pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent a surgical resection during the period from 1992 to 2011. A longer duration of chemotherapy was associated with lymph node negativity and outstanding overall survival. The prognostic biomarkers of SMAD4, perineural invasion, and histopathologic response were also associated with survival and could be used to determine which patients are more likely to benefit from additional adjuvant therapy.
Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in the treatment of metastatic and primary peritoneal cancer are associated with high morbidity and mortality. In a retrospective review, Jafari and colleagues demonstrated that the overall mortality and morbidity rates associated with HIPEC-CRS are acceptable.
Juo and colleagues performed a propensity score–matched analysis between robotic, laparoscopic, and open colectomy using data from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 2008 to 2010. Although robotic colectomy is shown to be equivalent to laparoscopic colectomy in most clinical outcomes, laparoscopic colectomy is shown to be associated with both favorable clinical outcomes and lower cost compared with open colectomy.
It is not known whether sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) rates for breast cancer differ by surgeon expertise. In a population-based prospective cohort of 1703 elderly breast cancer survivors, Yen and coauthors found that women treated by surgeons with more experience with and focus on breast cancer (eg, those with a higher percentage and volume of breast cancer cases) were more likely to undergo SLNB.
Highlights. JAMA Surg. 2014;149(2):105. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2013.3464
© 2017


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Trident University International Reviews
Student & Graduate Reviews (29)
I did a lot of research prior to selecting Trident. Additionally, I talked with an individual who obtained his BS and MS from Trident. You need a lot of self-discipline to attend "ANY" online school. If you don't have that, then don't attend because you will fail. Two years and seven months later I graduated with my BS in Leadership. This accomplishment was the last item on my bucket list so I had a lot of determination. The school was great, the professors were great, I had no major issues. The school is accredited by Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC) Senior College and University Commission. Did I mention this is the same accreditation as Stanford and Berkley. Enough said.
I can only assumes that those who are providing poor review are the ones who think the classes are easy but still cannot pass that class. Trident is easy if you stay focused and do your due diligence. The quality of education provided cannot be compared to regular onsite University and top universities like TAMU and UTA in Texas. This class and courses are specially designed to those people who have busy schedule and would like to study during free time. I am not a very big fan of online class but education that been provided here have positively impacted my life.
Great school!!!! I loved the flexibility and how the professors continuously challenged me with the curriculum . Everyone from the student advisor Stephanie who stayed with me throughout my entire degree to each professor had the highest level of professionalism and was prompt with responding back. I have been in the military for over 20 years and this was a great way to have flexibility and earn my degree. I can't say enough great things about my experience with TUI and how this has help make me successful in HRM field. I have already been offered GOOD jobs after retirement from the military. Like I stated above great school and thank you TUI staff for everything.
Valuable instruction, challenging professors and course work, and always with a focus on preparing me to succeed. I felt fully prepared to hit the ground running leading up to graduation. Also had excellent support from all TUI support staff and administration. I would highly recommend TUI!!
Excellent MBA program. You must be self-motivated, but the classes are interesting and the interaction with other students and the professors are certainly valuable. While TUI isn't a top tier, highly recognized school, I feel that the program has certainly been worth the time and effort to complete!
After receiving my BSCS from Trident, I decided to continue on for a MSITM. The level of effort required didn't change from BS to MS. The courses were 12 weeks long, with each course being broken up between 5 modules (expected to take 2 weeks each). Each module has a "Case" assignment (2-3 page paper), a "Session Long Project" (4-5 page paper), and a "Threaded Discussion" (a couple sentence blog post). I would describe the level of effort required to pass each course as minimal to marginal. There are no books, fees, group work, late grades, midterms, or finals. There are also times where the instructor ghosts on you for weeks at a time. One 500-level course had several assignments ungraded throughout the final weeks. During the time I submitted subsequent assignments that didn't meet the instructor's standards, but those were not made known due to the complete lack of feedback on submitted assignments. I was given a high C, which I officially challenged. The grades on several assignments were reversed due to the lack of feedback from the professor and I ended up with a low A. While this was the worst case of a lack of interaction with a professor I encountered over my 4 years with Trident, the general problem of response timeliness wasn't uncommon. The curriculum/syllabuses need refreshing, as many of the assignments have spelling/grammatical errors and/or reference URLs that no longer exist. Although I've been an IT professional for 20y+, I don't feel that education offered much more than several targeted Google searches would have provided. This review isn't intended to be negative as I understood what I was going to the school for, the end result of a degree... I just wanted to allow others to have a realistic expectation of the education provided. Students this college is good for: * Can motivate & self-pace to stay on the suggested assignment submittal timeframes * Enjoys writing papers (I'd comfortably guess 80% of assignments are strictly essays without technical data/programming required) * Won't have peoples' lives depending on the quality of the education provided (e.g. doctor/nurse/pharmacist) * Who have busy schedules and might need to turn in all the assignments during the last week of the course * People who need a degree to check a box for their career progression (enlisted to officer) * People with TA/GI-Bill Students this college is bad for: * Those who can't manage their time (easy to fall behind without grading penalties looming) * Those who need a lot of teacher/tutor interaction (you won't speak with a teacher unless you directly email them for assistance) * Those who want a quality education that brightens their lives
This college is OK if your a person who loves to write. You don't really get much from writing paper after paper after paper. The problems that I have had is the links supplied sometimes do not exist. The books needed aren't in the library, and good luck with getting in touch with the librarian. She don't respond to emails. The technical classes are nothing but writing papers. As a matter of fact, all the classes are nothing but writing papers. I would recommend looking around first before choosing Trident.
I sought an MBA and found Trident's MSL program to be more appropriate to my career direction. I do not need all the accounting that comes with an MBA and MSL is all about being a leader. In addition Trident is Military Friendly which I knew their programs would work with my extremely busy and taxing schedule as an adult student. Lastly, I compared their learning model to several other online schools and for a masters student this is simply the best one out there. Oh yes, did I mention price. Awesome.
I completed by BSBA with Trident University and I am a current MBA student. I have thoroughly enjoyed my classes, I have become a more proficient academic writer, and I have been able to obtain my degrees without having to go to a traditional classroom (which I much prefer). Despite what some of the other reviews state, I have never experienced anything but professionalism and ease in dealing with the FA department, and I have always had professors who were diligent in replying to any emails I sent them. Overall, I would give this school 5 stars and I would recommend TUI to anyone looking to receive a quality online education.
This school is a joke and a waste of time. The "materials" provided are outdated websites that are irrelevant to the course. (There are not any books despite what the enrollment adviser stated). I submitted my assignments according to the syllabus and professor requirements, but still found myself receiving poor grades for not following the instructions. When I would email the professors they would either fail to respond or send a screen shot of the syllabus (that I had originally followed). The last class I took at the "university" the professor informed me that he had never had an issue in his class over x amount of years so there was no way there was an issue now. At this point he refused to answer any of my emails. I filed many complaints and disputed grades, but it did nothing except waste my time. I discussed my problems with my academic adviser and she stated that she gets several complaints everyday about these issues but the university will not do anything about them. Possibly because they are money hungry. Which brings me to the fact that I had to take out a student loan for personal reasons. Months had passed so I checked my account and it showed that I had an available balance which was received two months prior. I contacted the financial aid department and they said that there was no money in my account. Two hours later they "just received" my funds and sent them out fourteen days later. The funny thing is that I have proof that the money was there months prior. If there was a legitimate reason for holding it why would they lie? I will accept "we hold it for processing purposes". IF a "university" blatantly lies to me even though I have proof it makes me question every aspect of the school. I recently transferred from Trident to finish my degree and I have not had ANY problems. I wish I would have been forewarned about this pathetic excuse of a school before I wasted so much valuable time and money.


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Giant Killer Trailer (1984)
"They Stacked the Deck in Vegas...It Almost Killed Them!" 17 May 1984 Drama, Action, Crime 80 mins
An Arizona policeman (Bo Svenson) and his pilot buddy (Fred Williamson) discover a scheme to rob Las Vegas slot machines by computer.
Watch the official Giant Killer 1984 trailer in HD below or find more Giant Killer videos on Vidimovie.


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Pamela H.
San Marcos, TX, 78666
Joined on July, 2014
Gender: Female
Average Rating:
Any day at any time
Lives Near:
Can Meet:
Up to 5 minutes away for no additional charge
EducationSophomore Pre-Social Work major at Texas State University
ExperienceI used to tutor my younger sister's friends before coming to college. I want to tutor because I understand that not all children learn things the same way. I also understand that there may not be enough time at school to have a proficient understanding of the material. I am very patient and open minded.
HobbiesI love people, especially youth. I hope to be a positive influence in a person's life. I love music, food, and animals.
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Kindergarten - 8th Grade, Science, Math, Reading
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Tony Ferguson was already upset about the fact he didn't get to fight Khabib Nurmagomedov at UFC 209 as planned, and now the lightweight contender's speaking out about what he's been paid.
After Nurmagomedov was forced to drop out of their highly anticipated fight, due to medical issues arising from his weight cut, it was reported that Ferguson was still going to receive his show money. According to figures disclosed to the Nevada Commission, Ferguson was set to receive $250,000 to show.
But, since then, Ferguson has told MMA Junkie that he received less than half of that sum. In addition, "El Cucuy" said this:
"I think they should take care of their fighters a little bit more, the ones that really put in their time and effort and really grind for them, because I'm one of those dudes, man. I'm one of those grinders, and I've never bashed my company."
"It was like a slap to the face," Ferguson added. "My training expenses were a lot larger than any other fight I've ever done because this was supposed to be the biggest fight of my career. So now I'm sitting here, and it's like, what is my worth to the UFC? Like, do I not fight enough? Do I not bleed enough for them? It's going through my head right now, because I didn't lose."
Now, the report cites an anonymous, UFC official, who claims that Ferguson still received six figures in compensation, and that the pay was nearly double of what he would have received for a non-title fight.The official also says Ferguson and his team were informed on Friday what he was going to be paid. In addition, the official also noted that the UFC is not contractually obligated to pay a fighter, when their opponent fails to make weight and has to withdraw.
Chances are, however, that none of that is going to change Ferguson's mind on this. Pay aside, hopefully Ferguson – Nurmagomedov gets rebooked in the not too distant future.


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U. offers Master's in Petroleum Engineering
Wally West SLC, UTAug. 2, 2013 4:05 p.m.
to RS1701
That is why I put *could*
There is algae, Heavy water, & the most feasible now.... Natural Gas
My concern is the infrastructure (Fueling stations, storage, etc...)
Redshirt1701 Deep Space 9, UtAug. 2, 2013 10:57 a.m.
To "Wally West" hydrogen could be a viable alternative. The problem is where to get the hydrogen. Right now there is some research going into efficiently from water, but the best source for producing hydrogen comes from crude oil.
Hydrogen could be a viable alternative, but it has a lot of issues right now.
Wally West SLC, UTAug. 2, 2013 10:08 a.m.
I'm going to go w/ Redshirt on this one.
If we get it together and start now. Hydrogen *could* be a viable alternate.
If memory serves, there is a small nuclear reactor in what was the Merrill Eng Bldg.
E & EE Ann arbor, MIAug. 2, 2013 9:17 a.m.
Thanks for your comments Redshirt. We've supposedly been running out of fossil fuels for decades now. Yet we keep on discovering more and more. Makes it hard to take the "when we run out" argument seriously.
As for this professor, all I can say is I'm glad he's retired and no longer the dean. There's no need to hold back progress and innovation in the petroleum industry (which often includes cleaner ways of doing things) based on the religion of anthropogenic global warming.
Redshirt1701 Deep Space 9, UtAug. 2, 2013 7:55 a.m.
To "Bebyebe" you wanted alternatives, I gave you alternatives. Just because you don't like the answer, you shouldn't complain.
Bebyebe UUU, UTAug. 1, 2013 6:16 p.m.
anti-matter? Really?
Redshirt you have to give up on Star Trek.
RedShirt USS Enterprise, UTAug. 1, 2013 4:26 p.m.
To "LDS Liberal" can you name the current viable alternative to fossil fuel?
We stopped using whale blubber and beeswax when we had viable alternatives. So tell us, what do we have right now that is a viable alternative to fossil fuels?
Since we don't have any viable alternatives to fossil fuels, and you and the Professor want to cut off fossil fuels now, what do propose we do while waiting for the viable alternate?
I am still waiting for you and your ilk to tell us what the viable alternate is to fossil fuels.
If you want to go the gospel route, how do you know that God did not put sufficient oil in the ground for us to use until the end of the Millenium? According to D&C 107:17 "For the earth is full, and there is enough and to spare; yea, I prepared all things, and have given unto the children of men to be agents unto themselves." Sounds like if God wanted us to use fossil fuels, he probably gave us enough plus a bit more.
LDS Liberal Farmington, UTAug. 1, 2013 3:30 p.m.
We will move onto to something better.
Tell me Red,
Do you think God wanted us to keep using whale blubber and beeswax?
He gave it to us - for the use of man...
or do you think he gave us something better,
and left it up to us to discover and use it?
Same goes for fossil fuels.
It's time to move on.
We call it Progress.
and it's all part of our eternal Progression.
RedShirt USS Enterprise, UTAug. 1, 2013 1:05 p.m.
To "LDS Liberal" did you even read the letter. He said "Petroleum — and fossil fuel in general — is a 19th century energy source which must be fully retired if humanity is to survive." If fossil fuel is retired, that means it is gone, and is no longer in use. There is one example of somebody proposing "the total annilation of fossil fuels."
The 400 mile range means that you only have to fill up once every 133 trips you make to church, the grocery store, or school. How often would you have to go to the gas station if you had a vehicle that had to refilled every 20 miles? That is an inconvienience. Why have a 20 cubic foot refrigerator when you only have 10 cubic feet of space used 90% of the time? Are you selfish and greedy wasting all of that electricity on a refrigerator that you don't use to its full capacity all the time?
To "Bebyebe" some alternatives for fossil fuel, once they are all gone are anti-matter, cold fusion, self regenerating batteries, nuclear power, Mr. Fusion, and other technologies are all alternatives when fossil fuels are gone.
Bebyebe UUU, UTAug. 1, 2013 10:45 a.m.
Redshirt, what's the alternative when fossil fuels are all gone?
LDS Liberal Farmington, UTAug. 1, 2013 10:43 a.m.
RedShirt --
No one has EVER proposed the total annilation of fossil fuels.
But seriously,
Why should we burn coal and natural gas during the daylight hours when God gave us the sun and the wind during that time?
Some vehicles will remain gasoline powered for many years to come,
but please explain precisely why we need vehicles with a 400 mile range to go 1.5 miles to the grocery store, church, or schools?
Selfishness and greed is the only answer I can come up with.
RedShirt USS Enterprise, UTAug. 1, 2013 8:56 a.m.
To "Bebyebe" then please name the viable alternative.
Bebyebe UUU, UTAug. 1, 2013 8:31 a.m.
Redshirt, then we probably shouldn't be burning it up.
Baron Scarpia Logan, UTAug. 1, 2013 8:25 a.m.
Students will have to decide where to place their educations. Most universities have eliminated nuclear engineering programs because of the decline of nuclear power in America (with the exception of Obama stimulus subsidized plants now being built in Georgia, the nuclear renaissance never came, especially after Fukushima). Aside from lack of water and fear of nuclear disaster, nuclear's key obstacle is the lack of young people entering nuclear energy as a career choice. I read an analysis not long ago that noted that if nuclear were to expand in America, we'd need to look to China and Europe for engineers to run the plants.
With regard to petroleum, the reality is we'll be using petroleum for at least another decade or two, perhaps longer if renewables come onboard to help diversify energy and keep fossil fuel prices from skyrocketing.
Obama wants to eliminate subsidies for fossil fuels, but the GOP has blocked him (so much for GOP's belief in free market principles). Subsidies from taxpayers help keep gas prices very low for Americans, but if gas were to creep above $4 a gallon again (as expected), natural gas and electric cars will threaten petroleum's future.
RedShirt USS Enterprise, UTAug. 1, 2013 7:52 a.m.
To "Joe Andrade" I don't think you know what we use petroleum for. It is not just for fuel for our cars. If you were able to eliminate the petroleum industry, lets see what products you would lose, assuming that vehicles could be powered by something else:
Many medicines
Composite materials used for constructing wind turbines
Plastics for everything
Shoes with rubber soles and synthetic fabrics
All synthetic fabrics and clothing
Teflon coatings
Rocket fuel, which means no new satelites for your TV or GPS
Fuel for aircraft
There are many things that you would lose if you killed petroleum. Now, since you were dean at the UofU for so long, surely you remember that the U also offers a nuclear engineering degree. You remember nuclear power, a great energy source that is renewable and does not pollute the environment.
LDS Liberal Farmington, UTJuly 31, 2013 9:02 p.m.
U. offers Master's in Petroleum Engineering
Funded and paid for by -- the Petroleum Industry.
And who ever said the University of Utah was purely a LIBERAL school?
red state pride Cottonwood Heights, UTJuly 31, 2013 8:03 p.m.
I find it hard to believe that someone who was the dean of a college at the U of U for 4-5 years would use an adjective such as "fragile" to describe the Earth. How long has the Earth been around? A pretty long time so evidently it's not especially fragile. Is humanity fragile? Based on the evidence I would say humanity is actually pretty stalwart and sturdy. Very odd letter indeed.
Mister J Salt Lake City, UTJuly 31, 2013 6:40 p.m.
Maybe, just maybe? This program will emphasize Tar Sands & shale?
This program will make a fine addition to the College of Mines & Earth Sciences.
to procuradorfiscal
But, we could always use more MBA's & lawyers, right!!???
marxist Salt Lake City, UTJuly 31, 2013 6:38 p.m.
As a Marxist let me state that the most important consideration is employment. That which allows support of one's family is of paramount importance. Other considerations, though they be of some importance, fail in comparison to the need for workers to provide LABOR.
stuff Provo, UTJuly 31, 2013 3:22 p.m.
The U. is teaching that?!!! Don't they have any standards there? That is sacrilege. Shame on them teaching science and job skills. (sarcasm) :)
Ernest T. Bass Bountiful, UTJuly 31, 2013 2:08 p.m.
He brings up some good points and if the first two comments wish to be willfully ignorant of future problems, they can try to justify it to their own grandchildren who will faced with the problems.
atl134 Salt Lake City, UTJuly 31, 2013 2:03 p.m.
"I suppose you prefer we all freeze to death."
Considering today will finish out the warmest month in Salt Lake City history (narrowly beating July 2007) I'd be fine with slowing the warming trend...
ingslc salt lake city, UTJuly 31, 2013 1:46 p.m.
This letter is spot on. Utah can continue trying to desperately squeeze every last dime out of 19th and 20th century technology, but ultimately the real winners will be those who have foreseen and shaped the energy economy of the future. It's foolish to imagine that progress will not happen. Those holding the future win, not those who master the past. Hopefully, at the very least, these petroleum engineers are figuring out ways to extract and burn fossil fuels more cleanly and sustainably, but I doubt it.
KDave Moab, UTJuly 31, 2013 8:49 a.m.
I suppose you prefer we all freeze to death.
procuradorfiscal Tooele, UTJuly 31, 2013 5:15 a.m.
Typical liberal hogwash!
And, so typical of modern liberal "educators." The equivalent of stopping both ears and shouting "la, la, la" at the top of the Prof's lungs.
The academic liberal arts community must certainly roaring approval to the his callow implication -- students should only major in psychology, English, medieval French poetry, and other such politically correct liberal endeavor.
Yeah, that should fix higher education.


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My Nonprofit Reviews
353 profile views
1 reviews
Review for LCGA Inc, Tempe, AZ, USA
I've done a lot of volunteer work in the past but I've enjoyed this the most. It was great working with my friends from LCGA. I love the family, close-knit feel of the group. The recent event was a success!
More Feedback
I've personally experienced the results of this organization in...
a lot of ways. I have become a better person by helping out those in need.
If I had to make changes to this organization, I would...
Nothing really but maybe just come up with more events and activities!
Role: Volunteer & I helped out with one of the baskets for auction.


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Dr. Ethan Raath, is a leadership speaker, coach, consultant, and trainer, committed to helping leaders successfully integrate the personal and professional aspects of life and work. He specializes in the human side of leadership, helping leaders, teams, and organizations, maintain engaged and productive working relationships. Affirmed for his personal presence and eloquent speaking, he weaves personal experience, meaningful insights, engaging humor, animated story telling, and practical principles into his presentations to inspire and motivate his audiences.
Speaker: My purpose is to inspire present and future leaders to grow their potential and impact.
Career Experience: Ethan Raath, ThD., draws on a uniquely diverse leadership background and forty years of public speaking that equips him to effectively relate to a variety of audiences. He has worked as a leader and consultant in business, industry, non profit, educational, and religious organizations, serving as executive director and head of staff, communication professor (Xavier University), and consultant in leadership growth, team development, employee relations, organizational dynamics, conflict management and mediation, change management, and career transition.
Organizational Experience: Business, Industrial, Nonprofit, University/College, Hospital/Health Care, Human Services, Religious, International Relief and Mission.
Personal Background: Dr. Raath grew up in South Africa and came to the United States in the 1970's to study and work. He returned to South Africa in the early 1980's and while serving as a Presbyterian minister, he engaged in the struggle for human rights and helped lead a refugee relief effort. After returning to the US in 1986, he continued his involvement in race relations and community development. He was honored with the Friendship Medallion from the Cincinnati Human Relations Commission for his work in promoting race relations.
Education: University of South Africa, Princeton Theological Seminary, Lee University.
Video Introduction: A Heart for Inspiring Leaders. http://www.highwireleadership.com/media.php


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We celebrate our own freedom to read during Banned Books Week, but it is also right to champion those who bravely compose those very stories. Non-white authors receive more than half of book challenges each year — even though they are allowed much less of the publishing market! The reasons vary, and we can become distracted by the complaints, but what shouldn't be lost are the vibrant creations of writers who deepen our understanding of the world.
by Toni Morrison
Eleven-year-old Pecola Breedlove, an African-American girl, prays for her eyes to turn blue, so that she will be beautiful, people will notice her, and her world will be different.
by Sherman Alexie
Budding cartoonist Junior leaves his troubled school on the Spokane Indian Reservation to attend an all-white farm town school where the only other Indian is the school mascot.
by Alice Walker
Two African American sisters, one a missionary in Africa and the other a child-wife living in the South, support each other through their correspondence, beginning in the 1920s.
by Khaled Hosseini
Traces the unlikely friendship of a wealthy Afghan youth and a servant's son in a tale that spans the final days of Afghanistan's monarchy through the atrocities of the present day.
by Maya Angelou
A black woman recalls the anguish of her childhood in Arkansas and her adolescence in northern slums in the 1930s and 1940s.
by Rudolfo Anaya
A coming-of-age story set in post-World War II New Mexico, in which an old woman with healing powers comes to live with a boy's family the summer before he turns seven.


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Written on: 24/10/2012
Evans stock a huge range of bikes, cycling clothing, accessories and anything else you could want, also their prices are rarely beaten. There is also plenty of information on products including sizing and customer reviews.
They deliver for free and it isn't slow, but you can for next day delivery if you need it. Goods come well packed, but if you do have a problem they have no quibble returns. Their phone support is also excellent.
The only issue I have is that there is not store presence in East Anglia as I don't think I would buy a new bike without trying it first.


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Shia LaBeouf dropped acid for new movie, sent tapes to Evan Rachel Wood
The actor, who decided to try it out for real and film his trip, then asked co-star Evan Rachel Wood for pointers.
"I remember sending Evan tapes. I remember trying to conjure this and sending tapes and Evan being like, 'Yeah, that's good, but that's not, but this is, but that ain't'," Us magazine quoted him as saying during an interview with MTV at Sundance Film Festival in Park City, Utah.
The 26-year-ol actor then said that you reach out to friends and you sort of gauge where you're at. So he was sending tapes around. He would get fifty percents from people, and that starts creeping him out, and he got really nervous.


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Jew Wario - One Last Go by PhilWiesnerWatch
©2014-2017 PhilWiesner
A few years ago, I started on making this series called "Wasteland" where I was going to illustrate the various reviewers of (and beyond) That Guy With The Glasses in a cyberpunk, post apocalyptic setting.
I focused first on the ones I liked the most or had the best ideas of what I could draw them as. One of which was Jew Wario, whom I got a great idea for this fictionalized self of him from his love of the Kamen Rider series when I hung around his streams for a bit. And I worked on making a great picture for him, but ultimately fell like I fell short of the mark.
I started this redesign of the character a while ago, but found it hard to stay with it, so progress on this inched forward painstakingly slow. I at one point send a preliminary outline of it to Jew Wario, but no response came my way, so I decided to keep it under wraps until it was finished.
Two weeks ago, I had the time to complete it, but because of being wearied by the changes in my life (new college, new career focus, and a feeling of a new beginning), I didn't get back to the designing the last part of the drawing.
I learned today of his passing, and while it probably would not have changed the events much, I do feel at a loss that he never got to see the completed piece.
Fight on, Jeweegee, to a place where depression cannot hope to touch you.
It's okay. Better now then later.
amazing. I hope he has a good internet connection wherever he is, to see this
This is a great picture. However it is also how I just found out about Jewario's death, so theirs that. Oh we'll. Life keeps chugging on. R.I.P Jewario. May we never forget you.
He would love this picture! RIP Justin A.K.A. JewWario.
Today is a sad day. We've lost a fantastic actor and he will be forever missed. May his spirit keep entertaining in the Other World. RIP Justin.
He was one of my favorite reviewers. RIP Justin.


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Thread: openldap authentication
08-03-06, 06:45 #1Registered User
- Join Date
- Nov 2004
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- 21
Unanswered: openldap authentication
I'm quite new to openldap so you will have to excuse any stupid questions from me.
I want to make my ldap server redundant so that if it fails another one could take over with no or very little down time.
Could someone explain to me how to do this or point me to some documentation.


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|Do you like Playing Ark Invaders
Description : Be amazed by the new game that gives you all the best features of Arkanoid and Space invaders. Collect powers to improve your ship and succeed in passing the 20 levels by destroying alien ships. Use the mouse to fire and move your ship.
in game
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The Divani Apollon Palace is a luxury beach front hotel on the Athenian Riviera. Located half way from the Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport and Athens city centre, this spectacular 5-star hotel is the ideal choice for leisure tourists who want to spend a relaxing beach holiday, avoiding crowds and noise. Due to its wide range of services and facilities the Divani Apollon Palace Hotel will satisfy the needs of even the most demanding traveler. On-site amenities include three gourmet restaurants, Anemos, Mythos of the Sea and Atlantis, two bars, Pelagos and Maltemi, a pool bar, a fitness room, a sauna, a tennis court, two wonderful outdoor swimming pools, a heated indoor swimming pool and a conference room that can accommodate up to 1200 people. Furthermore the Divani Apollon Palace Hotel is the only hotel that offers thalassotherapy in Athens and one of Europe's most recent and luxurious thalassotherapy centres. It features the most sophisticated treatments and has a very knowledgeable and well trained staff.
10, Ag. Nikolaou & Iliou Str. VouliagmeniCP:16671,Atenas,Grecia
Teléfono:No especificadoFax:30-210-9658010


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Kejriwal says Congress workers' attack on activist something country can't tolerate
New Delhi – A day after RTI activist Akhil Gogoi was attacked by suspected youth Congress activists in Assam's Nalbari District, Team Anna member Arvind Kejriwal on Saturday slammed the Central government, saying that this was something the country cannot tolerate.
"Yesterday, Akhil Gogoi was attacked by some people in a village when he had gone to take stock of the flood situation in that particular place. It is being said that the people who attacked him were youth Congress workers. He was alone and it's seemed some media people protected him. The kind of attack which he suffered, seems that they had killed him, if media persons
did not saved him," Kejriwal told ANI.
" He (Akhil Gogoi) is a credible voice against corruption. He has being raising his voice against corruption for past many years. And now, at the centre, the Congress refuses to pass strong Lokpal Bill against corruption. The, prime minister, Manmohan Singh is stoutly defending 15 ministers against whom there are charges of corruption," he said.
"The prime minister is defending the corruption of Congress leaders rather than doing investigation. And at local level, the Congress workers attacked those people who raised their voice
against corruption. This is something the country cannot tolerate," he added.
Gogoi had gone to the Dharmapur area to take stock of the flood situation. He was allegedly attacked with sticks and sharp weapons, and suffered head injuries.
Gogoi alleges he was attacked at the behest of Assam's Agriculture Minister Nilamani Sen Deka. He has been admitted to the Nalbari Civil Hospital.
Filed Under: Akhil Gogoi
About the Author:


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