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Tire Test - Continental Grand Prix Force II
Published: 2016-08-18 | Jarno Bierman
The Continental Grand Prix Force (24C) is meant to be used as a rear tire together with the slightly smaller Grand Prix Attack (22C) (read review) on the front. Continental calls this the "Tire Positioning System" and they claim this gives an aerodynamic advantage because of the smaller front tire while the bigger rear tire provides more comfort and grip. Both the GP Force II and GP Attack II are very closely related to the popular GP 4000S II and GP TT that both use the same 3/330 TPI casing and Black Chili Compound.
Check Continental Grand Prix Force II Prices at Amazon.com
Personally, I'm not sure if the 22C on the front and 24C on the rear is the right way to go. To gain an aerodynamic advantage, it's critical you pick tires that fit your rims/wheels well. It could be possible the 22C tire on the front increases aerodynamic drag if your wheels are designed to be used with 24C/25C tires. If you really want the aerodynamic advantage of the 22C tire on the front, you would have to use it with a rim/wheel that was designed to be used with the smaller tires.
|Manufacturer Specifications
|Grand Prix Force II
|Tire Type
|Tubetype (clincher)
|Supplied By
|Bought in store
|New or Used
|0 km
|Price Range
|Part number
|Black Chili
|Size Inch
|Specified Weight
|195 grams
|Max Pressure
|Made In
|Available Sizes
|24-622 (700x24C)
Test Results
Size and Weight Measurements
|Size and Weight Measurements (Bike Wheel: 622x17C, Pressure: 100 psi / 6.9 bar)
|Specified Weight
|195 grams
|Measured Weight
|196 grams
|Measured Width
|26 mm
|Measured Height
|23 mm
|Total Tire Thickness Center
|2.3 mm
|Total Tire Thickness Sidewall
|0.5 mm
My sample of the Grand Prix Force 24-622 comes in at 196 grams which is pretty much spot on to the specified weight of 195 grams. The measured width on a 17C rim, at an air pressure of 100 psi is 26 mm. Measured height is 23 mm. The 24-622 rating seems to make sense as both the 25-622 Grand Prix 4000S II and 25-622 Grand Prix TT came in at a maximum width of 27 mm and a height of 24/25 mm.
I always look forward to the thickness measurements as this tells us a lot about the intended purpose of the tires. With a measured thickness of 2.3 mm at the center of the tire, the Grand Prix Force II slots right in between the Grand Prix 4000S II which came in at 2.9 mm thickness and the Grand Prix TT which came in at a thin 1.9 mm. The sidewalls have a thickness of 0.5 mm which is pretty much spot on to the other 3/330 TPI Conti's.
Rolling Resistance Test Results
|Rolling Resistance Test Results (Speed: 29 kmh / 18 mph, Load: 42.5 kg)
|Inner Tube
|Conti Race28 (100gr butyl)
|Rolling Resistance 140 psi / 9.7 Bar
|Not Tested
|Rolling Resistance 120 psi / 8.3 Bar
|11.0 Watts
|Rolling Resistance 100 PSI / 6.9 Bar
|11.6 Watts
|Rolling Resistance 80 PSI / 5.5 Bar
|13.4 Watts
|Rolling Resistance 60 PSI / 4.1 Bar
|16.3 Watts
|Rolling Resistance Coefficient (Crr) 140 psi / 9.7 Bar
|Not Tested
|Rolling Resistance Coefficient (Crr) 120 psi / 8.3 Bar
|Rolling Resistance Coefficient (Crr) 100 psi / 6.9 Bar
|Rolling Resistance Coefficient (Crr) 80 psi / 5.5 Bar
|Rolling Resistance Coefficient (Crr) 60 psi / 4.1 Bar
As I already suspected from the tread thickness measurements, the Grand Prix Force (11.0 watts) fits in right between the Grand Prix TT (9.9 watts) (read review) and Grand Prix 4000S II (12.2 watts) (read review) in the rolling resistance test at the higher air pressures. At lower air pressures, rolling resistance rises a bit faster when compared to the 25-622 tires. At the very low air pressure of 60 psi / 4.1 bars, the Grand Prix Force even gets outperformed by the Grand Prix 4000S II.
Puncture Resistance Test Results
|Puncture Resistance Test Results (higher is better)
|Puncture Resistance Tread
|Puncture Resistance Sidewall
In the puncture resistance tests, the Grand Prix Force performs as expected as well. With a score of 9 points in the tread test, it outperforms the Grand Prix TT (8 pts) by 1 point, and it gets beaten by the Grand Prix 4000S II (11 pts) by 2 points. These results seem to be very closely related to the total tread thickness. It looks like the Vectran Breaker used in these tires is of the same thickness, and the increased amount of rubber makes it harder to penetrate the tire.
With a score of 4 points in the sidewall puncture test, it scores in-line with the other 3/330 Conti's that all seem to come in at 4/5 points.
If you can't make up your mind on whether to go with the Grand Prix 4000S II (read review) or Grand Prix TT (read review), the Grand Prix Force II might be a good compromise between those tires as tread thickness, rolling resistance, and puncture resistance all fit in right between those tires. Whether you should use this tire as a rear tire with the smaller Grand Prix Attack on the front is a tough decision. I would only suggest doing this if you have a smaller rim/wheel on the front that fits the 22C tire well.
I'm going to rate this tire 4 out of 5 because rolling resistance at lower air pressures seems to collapse somewhat and rolling resistance is very close to the Grand Prix 4000S II which offers much better tread thickness and puncture resistance. If you want a smaller tire on the front, it would be just as easy to go with a 23C/25C front/rear Grand Prix 4000S II combo.
Check Continental Grand Prix Force II Prices at Amazon.com
/ 5
TEST VERDICT: Recommended
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Tuesday, November 22, 2016
Pearl River Emergency Service were dispatched to Car into a house w/ unknown injuries. Upon arrival the ambulance crew found 4 teenagers standing outside the vehicle. The vehicle was cut off by another driver who fled the scene and was later found by police. One of the teens was transported to a local area hospital for medical evaluation. Onscene units included. Pearl River Ambulance & FD and Orangetown P.D.
Thursday, September 15, 2016
Pearl River emergency services were dispatched to the intersection of Central Avenue and John Street for a Rollover MVA with entrapment at 16:04 . Upon arrival a pregnant female was found in the drivers seat belted in a suspended position. FD stabilized the vehicle while EMS extricated the female rapidly from the inverted position. The female was transported to a local are hospital for medical evaluation. On scene units included Pearl River EMS, Pearl River FD, Medic 21, and Orangetown PD
Saturday, August 27, 2016
Pearl River emergency services were dispatched to Orangeburg Road for a one car MVA with entrapment at 05:05. Upon EMS arrival a request was made for a helicopter due to the massive damage to the vehicle & possible extended extrication time. Pearl River FD provided extrication, Nanuet FD establish a Landing Zone, Pearl River Ambulance and Medic 21 provided medical treatment & transport to the Landing Zone One party was helicopterbtransported to the Regional Medical Center. Orangetown PD closed Orangeburg Road for approximately 3 hours for police investigation.
Wednesday, May 18, 2016
The Pearl River Ambulance Crew received the 2016 Unit Service Award
From David Stone Nyack Hospital EMS Liaison
During the EMS Week BBQ hosted by Nyack Hospital
The Award recognizes the Ambulance Crews outstanding emergency response on April 21,2016 Pearl River
Thursday, April 7, 2016 15:30
A special needs school bus w/ wheelchair occupants on board was
involved in a MVA with a minivan at the Intersection of Route 304 and West Washington Avenue. Initial response was from Nanuet Ambulance mutual aid. A total of four parties were transported to local area hospitals with minor injuries. Special needs children were extracted through the emergency door in wheelchairs as the HC Ramp was inoperable. Responding units included Nanuet & Pearl River Ambulances, Paramedic Unit21, Orangetown PD and Bus Company representatives. Traffic was snarled at the intersection for approximately 45 minutes due to vehicle extraction and police investigation and tow truck retrieval.
Tuesday, June 23, 2015
Pearl River Ambulance was dispatched mutual aid to Route 303 & 340 in Orangeburg for a multi car MVA. Seven injuredpaties were transported to local area hospitals as a result of the chain reaction intersection crash. On scene units inculde SOAC and Pearl River Ambulances, Medic 21, Orangetown PD along with multiple tow trucks. Route 303 was restricted to one lane as a result of the crash and police investigation
Sunday, June 21, 2015
The Pearl River Ambulance was dispatched to a party that collapsed early this morning. Upon arrival they initiated CPR and successfully revived a 72 year old male. Additional medical intervention was provided with the arrival of medic 21. The party was transported to a local area hospital. On scene units included Pearl River Ambulance, Medic 21 and Orangetown P.D.
Monday, March 2, 2015
Friday, December 27, 2013
The Pearl River Ambulance was dispatched to a 3 car MVA at the intersection of Route 304 & Hillside Avenue. One party was transferred ta a local area hospital as a result of the incident. On scene units also included Medic 21 & Orangetown P.D.
Monday, December 23, 2013
The Pearl River Ambulance was dispatched to the intersection of Old Middletown & Veterans Memorial Drive for a MVA Rear-ender. One party was transferred to a local area hospital fully immobilized as a result of the crash. On scene units also included Medic 21 and Orangutan P.D.
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Emphasizing beauty, style, and cultural appreciation, the Galaxy International Pageant® is a personal development opportunity for women of all nations. The delegates who become part of the Galaxy International Pageant® gain confidence and poise in an increasingly competitive world. The pageant affords each delegate the opportunity to grow and advance her personal and career goals while acting as a role model in her community.
Galaxy - A progressive event that focuses on the future and challenges all women to make better tomorrows. The strength of TOMORROW is the women of TODAY...
Miss Teen Canada Galaxy - Mikaela Peterson
Miss Canada Galaxy - Solange Tuyishime
Mrs. Canada Galaxy - Kelly Robbins
Ms. Canada Galaxy - Brooke Nguyen
Mrs./Ms./ Miss/ Teen Canada Galaxy™


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Vacation, Illness, Emergency Leave, and Sabbatical Policy
Purpose and Definitions
This agreement is designed to address members' needs and desires to travel away from the community and/or forego community work requirements for periods of time due to illness, family or other obligations, vacations, holidays, and so forth. To determine how to treat each instance, we classify it within one of the following categories:
For the purposes of this document, we'll refer to the above as "Vacation," "Illness," "Emergency Leave," and "Sabbatical," respectively, with the understanding that these short terms don't fully describe the categories they refer to.
When this policy and associated arrangement mention a number of Responsibility Points "per adult member," this means per full adult work requirement budgeted. For example, if an adult member is not currently working due to a long-term disability, that member wouldn't be counted in these kinds of calculations.
By arrangement, we can designate new situations that are treated as equivalent to categories in this policy. For example, jury duty could be treated as equivalent to sick time.
RP Credits
As the Work Requirements Policy specifies, members of the community may accrue Responsibility Points as credit, with no upper limit on the number of Responsibility Points accrued, nor on the length of time the Responsibility Points may be kept. These Responsibility Points may then be used in lieu of work to enable the member to go on vacation, temporarily reduce her or his work requirement, etc.
In addition, the community may, by consensus, authorize a specific number of Responsibility Points or specific percentage of the weekly work requirement to be credited to each member periodically or on a one-time basis, with the understanding that these Responsibility Points are intended for vacation, but may be transferred over into the member's regular Responsibility Point credit per the above. They can then be used in the same way any credit Responsibility Points can be used, such as to take vacation time, temporarily reduce the weekly work requirement, or if authorized by the community at that time, to be redeemed for cash or for community investment.
Individuals are also welcome to donate credit Responsibility Points (including any allotted as vacation) to the community in any amount at any time.
Vacations and holidays require the use of credit Responsibility Points. This of course excludes a situation where a member goes on a brief vacation or celebrates a holiday, but is still able to complete his or her regular work requirement -- no special status is required for this kind of situation.
When a member is gone on vacation or to celebrate a holiday, she or he is still entitled to whatever stipend or allowance community members currently receive, in addition to insurance and other membership benefits.
Some members may prefer not to take vacations. For these members, this agreement is intended to be flexible enough to allow them to use their allotted vacation instead as cash or investment (when the community is offering these options), as a reduced work requirement, or even potentially as part of the RP basis for a sabbatical (see the section on sabbaticals, below).
Vacations can be taken within or away from the community. If a vacation is taken in the community, the member's work obligation while in the community is reduced to rotated chores only. However, if a member wishes to take a vacation at the community for a special purpose (for instance, intensive work on an artistic project, week-long meditation and silence, etc.) and feels it is appropriate to do so, she or he may request in advance that the community release her or him from the chore requirement during that time period, by consensus agreement.
Since the community may make additional income in weeks when members are doing extra work to build up an RP credit, and less income in weeks when members are taking vacations, the finances group is charged with maintaining some means of keeping the community on an even financial keel through these vicissitudes, for instance by setting aside money earned by doing income producing work for RP credit.
When preparing the work budget, the community should agree on a total amount (in Responsibility Points) of vacation time allotted, which will be added into the work budget to ensure that there is adequate provision for people to go on vacation while ensuring the work in the budget gets done. This should take into account any Responsibility Points that are periodically given to members by the community for use as vacation Responsibility Points.
We ask members to be a little flexible in the planning of their vacations, in case the community may request (but not require) slightly different arrangements from time to time to meet community needs.
For our purposes, a member is considered to be ill or injured if s/he either cannot reasonably perform community work or if it is painful or inadvisable in terms of health to perform work. This might mean that the member does not do any work at all for a period of time, or that the member does a reduced amount of work for a period of time. If a member is unable to do certain kinds of work but able to do others, wherever possible compatible work should be found for the member rather than having that member use the Get Well Pool that is described below. This category also includes taking time to take care of a sick community resident.
The Get Well Pool is a number of Responsibility Points set aside for members to use to fill out their work requirements when they are not able to complete a full work requirement for a period of time due to illness or injury, as described above. This includes periods when the member is unable to do any work at all. The Get Well Pool is allotted as part of the work budgeting process each budget period. The amount of Responsibility Points in the Pool will be determined anew when making each period's work budget.
A member may claim Get Well Pool Responsibility Points at any time that they have an illness or injury, or when needing to take time off from Meadowdance work to prevent illness. When logging those Responsibility Points with or in lieu of their work for the week, the member should log a note stating why the Get Well Pool was used. (Examples: "I was sick with the flu for three days," "I had a reaction to my pain medication")
The Get Well Pool should not be used to make up for a shortfall of work that a member could and should have done, but which s/he did not do due to poor organization, recreational pursuits, etc.
If the Get Well Pool runs out of Responsibility Points in a budget period, or if it is running low, the Work Requirements caretaker(s) should find a way to acquire additional Responsibility Points for the pool in case of further illness, such as taking them from a job that was planned for the period and not done (with the appropriate caretaker's agreement), getting an authorization of additional Responsibility Points from the community as a whole by increasing the work requirement, using Responsibility Points generated by members who are accruing a credit, etc.
There is no limit on the amount of Get Well Pool Responsibility Points any individual may use. If any community member has a concern about a particular use of the Get Well Pool, s/he can discuss this concern with the member who has used the Responsibility Points, with the Work Requirements Caretaker(s), or with the group as a whole in consensus, as with any other concern. The community as a whole, using consensus, can make final decisions on usage of Get Well Pool Responsibility Points.
Emergency Leave
Emergency Leave is a special category of situation that includes family emergencies outside the community, death of a family member or close friend, or another situation that requires that a member leave the community for emergency purposes for a short time and prevents her or him from completing his/her work requirement for that time. When it is taken to help or go to someone outside the community, emergency leave applies to close relationships, which can be more clearly defined by arrangement. The leave may last for up to two weeks unless a longer limit is agreed to by consensus for a particular situation. In any case, emergency leave should not be used for longer than is necessary.
Emergency Leave does not normally include voluntary trips, such as helping a friend move, attending a wedding, volunteering to help someone with whom the member does not have a close relationship, etc. Such trips can be taken by using credit Responsibility Points and are treated as Vacation time.
Each member is responsible for making appropriate emergency leave decisions within this framework and with consideration for both the community as a whole and her or his personal needs. The community's needs do not take precedence over a death or a crisis, and members should feel supported and encouraged to use the Emergency Leave provision when necessary.
As with anything else, use of Emergency Leave can be brought up for discussion with the member in question, the Work Requirements Caretaker(s), or the community as a whole if necessary.
When a member goes on Emergency Leave, Responsibility Points for the leave are normally drawn from the Get Well Pool; however, the Work Requirements Caretaker(s) or the community as a whole may designate that they come from another source. The member using Emergency Leave should take the Responsibility Points from the source designated and include a note as to why Emergency Leave was taken.
The category of Sabbatical or Leave of Absence covers extended times away from the community. A member may take a sabbatical only if the community agrees to it. Since the amount of work a person would have to do to make up for the costs of their membership in Meadowdance is prohibitively high (about 135 per week, or 78% of a weekly work requirement at this writing, for example), agreeing to let a person go on sabbatical is in essence a community subsidy of their being away, and has an ongoing work and financial cost to the community as long as the sabbatical lasts.
Sabbaticals are generally intended to cover absence for family obligations, educational opportunities, and similar personal needs and pursuits.
Sabbaticals by definition include leaving the community. Insurance is maintained during sabbaticals unless otherwise arranged, but the community may arrange to have another use for the member's housing space (subject to prior agreement with the member going on sabbatical), and no cash allowance, food allowance or similar perks are provided.
While away on Sabbatical, a member still has a work requirement, but that work requirement is reduced. The amount of the reduced work requirement is determined during the consensus discussion of the sabbatical. Before the sabbatical begins, the community should have consensus agreement on the sabbatical being taken in the first place, on the amount of the reduced work requirement, and on the sabbatical length.
While on sabbatical, the member may meet her or his reduced work requirement in any appropriate way, including the following, alone or in combination:
Using accrued credit Responsibility Points or doing work while on sabbatical is preferable to going into RP debt, when one or both of these options is available. A member may not simultaneously go into RP debt and preserve an RP credit.
Any work done by a member while on sabbatical must be logged accurately as the work is completed and the log delivered to the Work Requirements Caretaker(s) on a regular basis for entry into the community-wide work accounting system (or otherwise entered into that system).
Covering Essential Jobs While Away
Community members may have essential jobs that they do on a regular basis or projects that require their input. If a member goes on vacation or sabbatical, it is her or his responsibility to make arrangements to ensure that these essential jobs and projects are effectively covered by other community members, or that other satisfactory arrangements are made.
Members are encouraged to do the same if they go on Emergency Leave or are ill, but if it is not reasonably feasible for a member to do so, it is the responsibility of the caretakers of the appropriate areas to make do in some way while the member is away. If the member on Emergency Leave is the sole caretaker of an area so affected, the work requirements group is responsible for finding a temporary caretaker to manage the situation while the member is away.
The Work Requirements Caretaker(s) are charged with maintaining a list of which current jobs are considered "essential," including amounts or circumstances if appropriate. Of course this list should be maintained based on the advice of the other various caretakers in regard to their areas.
Accounting for RP Credits
Certain work accounting management is necessary to ensure that the community work is adequately covered regardless of absences:
If during a given budget period some members are accruing a work credit, or if during a given budget period vacation Responsibility Points are given out and not used, then by the end of the period the work budget should begin to run out -- that is, work areas will begin to run out of Responsibility Points. If this happens for the mentioned reasons, the Work Requirements Caretaker(s) can work with the caretakers of the other areas to designate types of work that should continue, with or without specific restrictions, beyond their allotted amounts. The idea behind this is to do work in advance for the next budget period: specifically, the kinds of work that can be done beforehand. Some examples of this might include building, income-producing work, marketing, and jobs that were originally scheduled for the next work budget period (e.g. painting a structure or organizing storage).
The work caretakers should not permit extra work to be created to fill this need, meaning work that would not normally be budgeted for the next work budget period. The reason for this is that when the next work budget is made up, it must include a fund of vacation Responsibility Points sufficient to cover vacations taken (see the Vacation section, above). By borrowing work from the future budget period in this way, the same amount of work gets done and the absence should not, in theory, adversely affect the community.
Other Kinds of Abatements
While the categories covered in this Agreement are intended to be as comprehensive as we can make them, the community is of course still empowered to agree on other kinds of abatements or means for individuals to be freed from all or part of their work for a given period. In other words, the community may, by consensus, grant any number of Responsibility Points it chooses in any manner it chooses, providing this is in keeping with other community Agreements.


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ATLANTA - Georgia Republican Sen. Saxby Chambliss handed the GOP a firewall against Democrats eager to flex their newfound political muscle in Washington, winning a bruising runoff battle Tuesday night that had captured the national limelight.
Chambliss' victory arrested Democrats' hopes of winning a 60-seat filibuster-proof majority in the Senate. It came after a bitter monthlong runoff against Democrat Jim Martin that drew political luminaries from both parties to the state and flooded the airwaves with fresh attack ads weeks after campaigns elsewhere had ended.
Minnesota - where a recount is under way - now remains the only unresolved Senate contest in the country. But the stakes there are significantly lower now that Georgia has put a 60-seat Democratic supermajority out of reach.
With 95 percent of the precincts reporting, Chambliss captured 58 percent to Martin's 42 percent. Chambliss' win is a rare bright spot for Republicans in a year when they lost the White House as well as seats in the House and the Senate.
"It's been a hard and tough four weeks," Chambliss said at a victory party in Cobb County.
"We had a hardcore campaign on both sides and while things look good right now, we're going to continue to follow the returns as they come in."
Chambliss' mantra on the runoff campaign trail was simple: His re-election was critical to prevent Democrats in Washington from having a blank check. Chambliss, 65, had angered some conservatives with his vote for the $700 billion bailout of the financial services industry and his early support in 2007 for the guest worker provision in President Bush's immigration bill. But fearful of unchecked Democratic dominance, some came back into the GOP fold Tuesday.
Martin made the economy the centerpiece of his bid, casting himself as a champion for the neglected middle class. He also linked himself at every opportunity to Barack Obama and his message of change. The Democratic president-elect was a no-show on the campaign trail in Georgia but did record a radio ad and automated phone calls for Martin.
In the end, Martin, a 63-year-old former state lawmaker from Atlanta, wasn't able to get Obama voters back to the polls in large enough numbers to overcome the Republican advantage in Georgia, which has become an increasingly reliable red state since 2002.
Statewide, turnout was light, but in Northeast Georgia, counties recorded 40 percent or more voters cast a ballot. The high was in Oconee County, where 53 percent of voters turned out.
A spokesman for Secretary of State Karen Handel had predicted between 18 percent and 20 percent of the state's 5.75 million registered voters would cast ballots - far less than the 65 percent who voted in last month's general election.
The runoff between the former University of Georgia fraternity brothers was necessary after a three-way general election prevented any of the candidates from getting the necessary 50 percent.
Chambliss came to the Senate in 2002 after defeating Democratic Sen. Max Cleland in a campaign that infuriated Democrats. Chambliss ran a TV ad that questioned Cleland's commitment to national security and flashed a photo of Osama bin Laden. Cleland is a triple amputee wounded in the Vietnam War.
He was a loyal supporter of President Bush and, as a freshman, rose to become chairman of the Senate Agriculture Committee. The former agriculture lawyer from Moultrie has been the ranking Republican on the panel since Democrats won control of the Senate.
Both sides tried over the last month to keep voters' attention with a barrage of ads and visits by political heavy-hitters.
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We Don't Want the Looneys Taking Over *. Or Why My Group Should Rule the World *Radiohead. Kuznets Curve Plus. Environmental Impact. Affluence. The "Known" Projections of human drivers I = P α A β T γ O δ.
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Or Why My Group Should
Rule the World
Environmental Impact
P: following are global averages. Each has an important spatial heterogeneity component.
Technology, Organization/Institutions:
- exacerbates the impact of affluence, population, technology on the marine resource base
- creates additional pressure under free trade and globalization
2. International cooperation will increase
3. Knowledge can be transmitted more rapidly and extensively
1. Nonlinearities such as peace and security
2. Synergies between drivers
1. Nonlinearities and ecological surprises from sudden shifts - how prevalent, what impacts?
2. What are the best and worst case scenarios (catastrophes)?


text:
Ransomware, phishing and social engineering top the list of current risks, according to an Experian report.
The CFPB orders Experian with a $3 million penalty for deceiving consumers.
Learn the three pillars of mobile security strategies to cover your credit union's omnichannel efforts.
A new report identifies five trends businesses can incorporate to fight fraud while improving the consumer experience.
A survey finds discrepancies in companies' cybersecurity training effectiveness and executive concerns over insider threats.
SAN DIEGO – Credit unions can leverage market changes by offering used car leases and extended terms.
New report reveals shipping and billing schemes are prevalent near large, port-of-entry cities.
The lending CUSO reports sales will hit a record 17.4 million in 2015 but just 17.6 million in 2016.
An Experian server hack compromises two years' worth of personal customer information.
Young consumers lag behind Gen X in credit card openings but beat them in auto and student loans.


text:
Nam: The Vietnam War in the Words of the Men and Women Who Fought There
Berkley Books, Dec 1, 1986 - History - 301 pages
More than 150 interviews with Vietnam veterans, including military nurses, yield emotional, firsthand accounts of the Vietnam experience, from boot camp to homecoming
From inside the book
66 pages matching knew in this book
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What people are saying - Write a review
LibraryThing ReviewUser Review - chrisod - LibraryThing
There are still a lot of questions about the Vietnam War. Why we were there in the first place, what went wrong, could we have won? This book answers none of them. Instead, this book is a deftly ... Read full review
LibraryThing ReviewUser Review - j.j.bailey - LibraryThing
At times harrowing, brutal, and deeply disturbing, Baker's oral history of Vietnam paints a bleak picture of the conflict through the accounts of unnamed participants in the action. Focusing heavily ... Read full review
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Common terms and phrases
ain't ammo anyway Army blood blow blown body booby trap boots bullshit bunker C-rations called chopper coming corpsman couple crazy crying damn dead everything eyes feel fire fight flak jacket free-fire zone fucking getting give going home gooks grenades ground gunner guy lay guys happened head helicopter hell hole hooch hospital hump jumped jungle Khe Sanh kick kill knew lieutenant Long Binh look machine gun Mama-san Marine medevac Miniguns morning motherfucker never night Okay patrol perimeter pick pissed platoon pulled radio rifle rockets running scared screaming sergeant shit shoot shot side sitting sleep South China Sea squad started stuff talk tell There's thing thought throw told took trying Viet Cong Vietnam Vietnamese village waiting walk ward watch weapon whole wire Yeah yelling


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Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury is the state of which a tissue experiences injury after a phase of restrictive blood supply and recirculation. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R-I) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in several disease states, including kidney transplantation, sepsis, and hypovolemic shock. The most common methods to evaluate AKI are creatinine clearance, plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, or renal histology. However, currently, there are no precise methods to directly assess renal injury state noninvasively. Hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate MRI enables noninvasive accurate quantification of the in vivo conversion of pyruvate to lactate, alanine, and bicarbonate. In the present study, we investigated the in situ alterations of metabolic conversion of pyruvate to lactate, alanine, and bicarbonate in a unilateral I/R-I rat model with 30 min and 60 min of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion. The pyruvate conversion was unaltered compared with sham in the 30 min I/R-I group, while a significant reduced metabolic conversion was found in the postischemic kidney after 60 min of ischemia. This indicates that after 30 min of ischemia, the kidney maintains normal metabolic function in spite of decreased kidney function, whereas the postischemic kidney after 60 min of ischemia show a generally reduced metabolic enzyme activity concomitant with a reduced kidney function. We have confidence that these findings can have a high prognostic value in prediction of kidney injury and the outcome of renal injury.
- ischemia-reperfusion injury
- kidney
- renal metabolism
- hyperpolarization
- Copyright © 2017 the American Physiological Society
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B: spend full time on her art without worrying about money. But what Madoff really took from Alexandra Penney was the cash that stood between her and a lifelong fear that she would end up a bag lady. Alexandra Penney has had a successful career as a painter, photographer, editor, bestselling author. But still, she says, losing her life savings brought back that old nightmare.
ALEXANDRA PENNEY: I received a phone call from my best friend and she said, Bernard Madoff's just been arrested, isn't your money with him? The phone then rang again and it was my son and he said, Mom, Madoff's been arrested. You can come live with us. So he knew that I had lost all of my savings.
: Where were you when that started? I mean, did you feel that you were in a comfortable, happy place until this happened?
PENNEY: I had saved all my money that I could save since I was 16. And I had worked since I was 16. And I had a nest egg, but I was using a little bit of Madoff money to balance out what I was not earning with my art. But then the art market tanked too and nothing was selling. So my savings were gone and not having a nest egg absolutely galvanized my fears of being a bag lady.
: Of course we're all wondering how much you actually lost. You don't mention the amount in the book.
PENNEY: That's the first question that people ask me.
: Yeah.
PENNEY: And first of all, in a relative sphere, it wasn't that much. But there are still lawsuits pending. So the lawyers have said you just can't talk about figures.
: Now, do you have the book with you, I hope?
PENNEY: I do.
: On page 43, you describe what you're afraid of. Can I just ask you to read that little passage?
PENNEY: Ah. You're going to lose your edge, I think. You will be walking around with swollen ankles. You'll be holding your moth-eaten layers of old clothes together with rusted safety pins. Your hair will be grayish yellow and dirty and stringy and you'll be cold and lonely and alone.
: But you also write in the book that you have around you lots of souvenirs of richer days. You have very nice clothes, a very nice apartment with a lot of beautiful light, and still you write about being genuinely terrified and I believe you.
PENNEY: I still have some remnants of my past life, but I have this visual image. I've had it since I was very young and I grew up in comfortable circumstances of being alone with nowhere to live. This is a fear that many women have. I was a journalist, so I have talked to many women about this. It's a fear really of dependence, abandonment and to have loss of control of one's life.
: Now, the book began as a blog on the Daily Beast site and I am sure you're aware, although there were hundreds of people who sympathized with you, there were also posts that attacked you.
PENNEY: Ah...
: Sort of poor little Alexandra Penney. One woman said: You have to sell the West Palm Beach House and let you maid go - wow, get over yourself.
PENNEY: I completely understand where that is coming from, but the vitriol was so extensive, people wanted me to get cancer, people wanted even worse for me, and the avalanche of anger, I think, reflected the anger that's going on in America. So I can understand how somebody who has a house who's foreclosed, who doesn't have a housekeeper two or three hours a week, which I had, would say I don't feel sorry for you. There is far worse things that happen.
: I wonder if you feel at all responsible for what happened to you. You put money with Bernie Madoff and you felt lucky to be able to do so. You kept carefully filed all the statements that showed impossibly high returns from bad markets. Did you ever think this is hinky, this can't be real?
PENNEY: Well, you know, I did not pay much attention to the statements. It was steady. It was like nine percent, and I had talked to people that had gone to Harvard Business School. I asked, oh, 10, 12, 15 people about Madoff. One person said we don't know how he does it. The rest of them said, you're perfectly safe and you're lucky to be there.
: You described being wiped out and feeling that you have been wiped out, but in fact you were not. You had a cottage in Florida.
PENNEY: Exactly.
: A piece of property in the Hamptons, which is a place where a lots of wealthy New Yorkers go in the summer, and you had considerable personal resources. The numbers of times you gathered up your talents and did amazing things - you invented the Pink Ribbon Campaign for breast cancer. You wrote best selling books. I mean, I get it that you were scared to death. I don't get why.
PENNEY: Well, first of all, I had no money left. How was I going to pay the bills? I had maybe all of $4,000 in the bank when this happened. I had mortgages on those houses. One sold, so the mortgage is paid back. One is now rented, that's for sale, obviously. And the book deal helped tremendously to keep me stabilized on a day to day basis.
: You talk about the priceless experience of losing it all - that's your sub-title - what does that mean?
PENNEY: First of all, I surprised myself. I had an amazing year of, for the first time in my life, asking people if, for instance, I could barter. One of things I really like, need, depend on is having my hair looking good and being blonde. I couldn't afford it. So I very luckily said if I take a portrait of you or trade art with you, will you help me out? So I learned to ask for things. I had a year of saying, I can't believe I am going through this and I'm really doing OK. And that was like, now I can get through anything. I really believe I can.
: Alexandra Penney. She is the author of the "The Bag Lady Papers: The Priceless Experience of Losing It All," a true story. You can read an excerpt at npr.org.
Copyright © 2010 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.
NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR's programming is the audio record.


text:
Reuters Staff
1 Min Read
March 10 (Reuters) - Palogic Value Management L.P
* Palogic Value Management L.P. Reports a 9.9 percent passive stake in Qumu Corp as of march 9, 2017 -sec filing Further company coverage:
All quotes delayed a minimum of 15 minutes. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays.
© 2017 Reuters. All Rights Reserved.


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Gelato, namely, Italian ices; dairy-based desserts, namely, ice cream, fruit ices
Business in La Libertad, SV


text:
Spring onions is normally used in cuisines, as it enhances the taste of a dish. It provides a unique taste and flavour. It is one of the popular and nutritious vegetables that comes in different colours such as white, red and yellow. It is also used in traditional Chinese medicines. Spring onions are known to be low in calories and rich in vitamins.
Spring onions are rich in vitamins A, C, B2 or thymine and vitamin K. Along with that, it is a good source of minerals such as copper, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, chromium, manganese. It also is rich in fibre content that offers various health benefits. The pectin content present in it can help treat various types of cancer.
With so many health-promoting vitamins, minerals and natural compounds spring onions provides numerous health benefits. It is also an excellent choice of diet. In this article, we at Boldsky will be listing out some of the health benefits of spring onions. Read on to know more about it.
Good For The Heart
The antioxidants in spring onions helps in preventing the damage of DNA, thereby inhibiting the action of free radicals. Vitamin C helps in lowering the blood pressure levels in the body that lowers the risk of heart diseases. The sulphur content in it reduces the risk of coronary heart diseases.
Supports Respiratory Functions
Spring onion is one of the common ingredients that is used to treat cold and flu. It stimulates the activity of respiratory system and aids in expelling the sputum from the body.
Controls Blood Sugar Levels
According to a recent study, the sulphur content in it helps in lowering the blood pressure levels. It increases the level of insulin that is essential for the transportation of sugar in the blood to the body cells.
Improves Bone Density
Spring onions are packed with vitamins C and K that are vital for the normal functioning of the bones. It synthesises collagen that makes the bones strong. Vitamin K on the other hand improves the bone density
Maintains Normal Vision
The carotenoids and leuthein present in spring onions act as eye-protective agents and the abundant vitamin A in it also protects the vision and keeps the eyes healthy. They protect the eyes from macular degeneration as well.
Reduces The Risk Of Cancer
Again, this rich, sulphur-containing superfood helps in reducing the risk of colon cancer. Flavonoids present in spring onions inhibit cancer.


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text:
Our gorgeous friend Laury Smith, had a party at her beautiful home. It wasn't just any party, it was a Great Gatsby kind of affair...
A phrase began to beat in my ears with a sort of heady excitement: "There are only the pursued, the pursuing, the busy, and the tired." / F.S. Fitzgerald
Dresses / Vionnet
Jewelry / Chanel / Christian Dior
Suits / Yves Saint Laurent / Tom Ford


text:
Poignant Remembrance Sunday for students
10 November 2014
As part of the college's strategic plan to embed a greater degree of internationalism into the curriculum, Principal Martin Ward, and the staff and students of Shrewsbury Sixth Form College welcome students and staff from Le Cateau in France, and Walldorf in Germany to a week-long series of events and activities to commemorate World War 1 and in particular to learn lessons from the war and the benefits that we have all enjoyed from the years of peace in Europe since World War II.
The week-long visit involves a very busy programme of educational, artistic, poetic, historical and dramatic events which focuses in mid-week on the development of a piece of collaborative digital artwork based on the messages and work of local poet Wilfred Owen.
After a college bands night on Saturday, staff and students attended the Remembrance Sunday service at St Chad's and participated in the wreath laying at the memorial in the Quarry. Students and staff were joined by SSFC students Niamh Limerick (Student Council President), Andy Peake (Student Council President), Peter Shaw, Naomi Dannatt, Grace Garry, Anwen Davies and Lois Boyle. All the students expressed that they were struck by the emotion of the day and scale and number of people involved. They appreciated the good weather too!
They met the Mayor Beverley Baker, and Daniel Kawczynski (Shrewsbury & Atcham MP), Miles Kenny and Robert Bland (High Sheriff of Shrewsbury)
Remembrance Sunday 2014


text:
Big and Dumb
A big room filled with Cyberdemons. There are a few Imps and Pain Elementals and halls around the 'arena'. There are a few secrets, such as hidden ...
Big and Dumb
big_dumb.wad, big&dumb.wad
WAD Type
Read Me
================================================================ Doom Version : DOOM II (v1.9) Title : Big and Dumb Filename : BIG&DUMB.WAD Author : Eric Wilkinson Other WADS by Author : BRA.WAD, BALANCE.WAD, WORK.WAD Patch files by Author : BODIES (ABODIES.DEH and FBODIES.DEH) Email Address : <email removed> on the Internet OR 73747,1737 on Compuserve (I usually don't read my E-mail on my Compuserve account, but I always read my mail on my net account.) Description : A big room filled with Cyberdemons. There are a few Imps and Pain Elementals and halls around the 'arena'. There are a few secrets, such as hidden walls, teleporters, and elevators. Exit is readily available in the middle. I added two new sounds to make things at least a little less boring. Additional Credits to : Elizabeth, Krystal, and Jesse for helping me 'playtest' this. Additional Notes: I wrote this level a long time ago but never distributed it since it was so... dumb. It turned out to be fun in Deathmatch play though, especially with a Dehacked patch I made that turns the players into dead marine bodies except when they are injured or when they fire a weapon. The cyberdemons generated the bodies to hide amongst. Quite humorous. It might also be fun with no monsters, who knows? Samples: Pistol shot - From Coolio's 'It Takes A Thief' album, "Bring Back Somethin Fo Da Hood" Fireball passing by - From 'Welcome to the Future' "Welcome To The Future (Reggae Metal Mix)" ================================================================ * Play Information * Map # : 01 Single Player : Sort of. (Use -ALTDEATH) Cooperative 2-4 Player : Supported. Deathmatch 2-4 Player : Yes! Exit Present : Yes. Monsters Present : Yes. Difficulty Settings : None. New Sounds : No. New Music: No. New Graphics : No. Demos Replaced : None. * Construction * Base : New Build Time : A few hours including testing time. Editor(s) used : DETH v2.3, DETH v2.4, NWT v1.3 Known Bugs : In the outside corridor, if you put yourself on the very outside wall and fire a bullet/shell weapon, the bullets hit somewhere DIRECTLY in front of you, as if there was an invisible wall there. I don't know what causes this, but this hasn't affected any of my games in a big way yet, so I'm not gunna fix it. * Copyright / Permissions * This wad may be used as a base to build other levels as long as you give credit to the original author. It may also be included in any CD-ROM or other compilations as long as these files are kept together and intact. * Where to get this WAD * Compuserve: in the ACTION forum ================================================================


text: Ok so I got my Droid X about a week ago and I've been using the charger that it came with. Ok so when I have the USB cable plugged into the wall charger then my phone will charge. But when I plug the same cable into my computer or xbox, my phone will not charge. Can anyone explain why or help me out? I have tried multiple ports in my computers and my xbox and I've even used my old USB Cable that still fits this phone but it will never charge on either of them.


text:
She-Male XTC 4
Joey Silvera Video/Evil Angel
D: Joey Silvera
Cherish Ley, Nadja, Hottie Coxx, Nia Lee, Carla Novais, Sheila Ferraz, Leticia Vlasak, Gabriela Martins, Jesse Monroe, Patricia Kimberly. 147 Min.
Extras: Biographies, Cumshot Recap, Still Galleries, Trailers.
Director Joey Silvera is no stranger to she-male videos, in part because he suffers from the curse of consistent excellence, which is once again manifested in this oral/solo series.
Although primarily a she-male solo release featuring a stunning assortment of fully functional and totally fuckable (but not this time) she-males, Silvera tosses in a couple of bio-chicks to provide gender bending lip service.
Cherish Ley looks just white trash enough to make Jesse Monroe's confession that she's also "very obedient" just that much tastier. Gangly and talkative Asian Nadja talks about rape fantasies, Khloe Hart "flogs" herself with a riding crop, Mistress Mina would rather get "love juice" on her hand than gab, and Nia Lee talks very roughly about men and her 10-inch "candy cane."
There's more – and it's all worth watching, as usual.
Pre-nom Best Transsexual Release.
Girls sucking she-male cock and she-males stroking themselves for the discerning fan of both.
— Originally published in AVN magazine —


text:
Ladies ' jumper, Mahel, model of the new spring/summer collection.
A light sweater for the midseason in 100% cotton, soft and pleasant to the touch, the unmistakable trademark Gas!
Fabric: 100% cotton.
Model with round neckline.
Openings on the shoulders with custom buttons with Gas.
Two front pockets.
Cuffs, waist, neck and mounts with rib.
Application on bottom with Gas brand.
Color: Pink with used effect.
Additional Info
Additional Info
|566147 2882
|Product category
|Woman Knit Jersey
Animasportiva ships immediately! Every order is handled with the utmost urgency. As soon as we receive the order, product retrieval occurs; then, when we receive the payment, we prepare the package and shipping follows.
We deliver via express courier: the delivery times range from 48 to 72 hours for Western Europe, and from 72 to 96 hours for the rest of Europe, United States, Canada and Australia. To improve our service you should always leave a telephone number, in order to be contacted by the carrier in case of problems with the delivery.
In order to make our service increasingly efficient please check the conditions of the package upon delivery.
If the parcel is not perfectly healthy, pick it up with reserve: next to the signature in the delivery note, mark clearly "ACCEPTED UNDER RESERVE damaged parcel".
Animasportiva refunds the amount paid with the same method used by the customer for paying (bank transfer, credit card or Paypal) in the least possible amount of time and in any case within 10 days from receipt of the product.
The refund refers to the price of the product or products returned.
It is expressly understood that the expenses incurred to return the product to Animasportiva will have to be paid by the customer.


text:
Why are the Americans Women's football (soccer) team so much better than the men's.
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Originally Posted by
New England
there is no comparing the collisions in a football game to that of a rugby game. the padding allows you to hit much harder. it prevents damage to the degree that it allows for harder contact.
if you had an equal understanding of both games you'd find football to be far more violent in it's collisions by virtue of the equipment, and not the other way around.
and while there may be some world class talent playing rugby, lets be real. there's more talent one one american football team than there is in an entire rugby league. if you know what a great athlete looks like, you cant disparage that.
There are huge fat guys in the NFL too.
NFL guys are perhaps slightly taller on average and heavier, but that's because a lot are built for strength. However they would not be able to run for 80 minutes like Rugby players do because the size without the type of break you have in the NFL is a hindrance. A stat of actual game play on the NFL was something crazy like 12 minutes.
Get a built up MMA fighter to box 12 rounds like boxing and watch how his stamina let's him down. Heck Puginosky, 5 times World strongest man gasses out in MMA after throwing punches for 1 minute.
I agree on the padding making the force harder, but as stated, before the padding the players also tackled like rugby because the padding and helmet actually allows them to go in harder. So yes, the protective gear actually helps protect them.
In terms of World class talent, I agree on because the NFL pays well, very well, while Rugby is not so well paid because it is less popular than Football (Soccer)
However that does not mean a NFL guy is going to be able to play rugby. Rugby is limited to 5 substitutes only. I don't see a 400 lb man lasting 80 minutes, even if there are moments of not exhausting activity. The big guys are always involved in game play and players can not just throw the ball forward and gain 40 yards just like that. Also you must touch the ball on the ground as oppose to just run. If you watch rugby then you will know that it's not always easy to get it to the floor and in control. Two totally different skill sets. In the NFL you have big guys who only pin each other down etc... where as the guys in Rugby actually touch the ball. In the NFL you have specific people that get on for kicks. In Rugby the guy who does the kicks runs the game play. Of course A Football requires skills with a Quarter back and a receiver as well, but the game plan at least for me, is very start and stop with tactics pre built usually. It is not like Rugby where fitness does come into play and the game flow is better, and you need to improvise more.
Still, Rugby is where A Football derived from. Got to educate the noobs.
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text:
The Best Winter Tires For Your SUV Nov 7, 2016 by Cedric (Driver Weekly)
With winter quickly approaching, you need to make sure your SUV is ready to handle the tough weather, including snow and ice. In addition to a general inspection by your service center, this means swapping out your current tires for winter ones. These tires are designed to enhance traction and hold up to cold weather. Using all-season tires in the coldest areas can lead to a severe safety risks, since they won't maintain their elasticity and will wear more quickly. If you are looking for the best winter tires for your SUV, you can always ask your mechanic for suggestions. Otherwise, consider one of these options.
Bridgestone Blizzak WS 80
These tires are great for SUVs, along with cars and other types of vehicles. The Blizzak line was the very first to have a unique rubber compound to enhance performance while driving on ice. The tread on these winter tires is less aggressive and shallower than others to optimize their use on ice. This enhances braking performance on ice and even helps with performance on dry roads. The tires have a good overall performance and a soft ride, making them ideal for winter and severe weather.
Continental WinterContact SI
Continental is known for producing reliable and affordable tires, and its SUV winter tires are no exception. They are easy to find with multiple sizes and you shouldn't have a problem finding a set for the vehicles in your family. The only downside of this particular option is that that original tread depth is only 10/32 of an inch, meaning that they may not last as long as some other options. It is also worth noting that the treads are directional now, so if uneven wear occurs, you may not be able to rotate them in as many ways as other models.
Michelin X-Ice Xi3
These winter tires are almost always listed as one of the best options available, and for good reason. They offer excellent ride comfort and perform well on both dry and wet roads. They have been specifically optimized to handle snow and ice, making them ideal for SUV drivers in the winter. They are also quiet, last a long time, and are the best in class for pavement performance.
Nokian Hakkapeliitta R2
These tires are actually the best European option when it comes to braking on icy roads. They are not studded but were designed for use on ice in particular. It is true that they are a bit more expensive than some of the other options, like the Bridgestone Blizzak ones, but they are well worth it for their capabilities. Those who drive rear-wheel-drive vehicles known for their sportiness will be particularly happy with these Nokians since they handle well on the pavement and do very well in severe weather.


text:
The Discarnates Trailer (1988)
"Bizarre love for the undead — Driven ever closer to the brink of doom" 15 September 1988 Horror, Mystery 115 mins
Harada is a successful scenario writer, and his best buddy has just announced an intention to propose to Harada's ex-wife. Recovering from the shock, Harada indulges in melancholy, mainly on his failure as a husband and father, and goes to a 'Rakugo' (sit-down comedy) show, where a friendly man in the audience invites him home. Harada is puzzled at the strong resemblance of this man and his wife to his own parents, who were killed nearly 30 years ago when he was twelve.
Watch the official The Discarnates 1988 trailer in HD below or find more The Discarnates videos on Vidimovie.


text:
The Icy Colorado by papatheoWatch
©2011-2017 papatheo
We drove out Highway 128 from Moab, Utah looking for a place to photograph the sunset. It was late afternoon and we still had some time so we made a few stops along the way. this was photographed along the shore of the Colorado River about 20 miles out of town.
I go to school about 45 minutes away from Moab ^^ Thought this looked a little familiar, haha. Great shot
I am envious. I agree with John Wayne... that is where "God put the West"!!! Thank you!
Yeah, it's quite pretty, but to be honest all the red dirt gets a bit annoying after a while You're welcome!
Love It!
This photo has been featured by me on my journal and in this news article! If you could the news article so all of the artists gain as much exposure as possible! Hope you enjoy the feature!
geat job
see my galerie and comment
see my galerie and comment
You certainly get a great variety of views for your money ..
We don't get out there often [probably 1300 miles or so]... so we get out the tripods and shoot 'til the camera overheats!!!
Beautiful <3
The contrast of colors is amazing Wow
Beautiful shot. I love the shadows and the light.
Great work.
Great work.
very good photo
Yes, it's probably about 5 miles from where this shot was taken!!! We found that place the night before on our way into Moab... unfortunately we only got the tail-end of the sunset!!!
Nice composition. I can see I'm missing so many good photos by not visiting the area in winter.
Thanks... this was our first time out there in winter. Utah is amazing... we drove up to Park City from Moab for the Sundance Festival and we oooohed and aaaaahed all the way!!!
Wow, wonderfull landscape and the clouds look pretty.
Beautiful scenery out there.
amazing shot!


text:
Home » Softwares » Operating Systems » Dell Genuine Windows XP Pro SP3 OEM ISO Download
Dell Genuine Windows XP Pro SP3 OEM ISO Download
Dell Genuine Windows XP Pro SP3 OEM ISO Download Latest Version. It is full Bootable ISO CD Image of Official Dell Genuine Windows XP Professional SP3 OEM.
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- Dell Genuine Windows XP Home Edition Free Download
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This is 32 bit. XP is old operating system and most of its releases were 32 bit.
Sorry that was a mistake in article.
- usman
kya ye window bootable he k nai
Yes it is bootable.
- Kîräñ PráMànîk
A problem has been detected and windows has been shut down to prevent damage to your computer.
Plug & Play detected an error most likely caused by faulty driver.
If this is the first time you've seen this error screen, restart your computer. If this screen appears again, follow these steps.
Check to makes sure any new hardware or software is properly installed. If this is a new installation, ask your hardware or software manufacturer for any windows updates you might need.
If problems continue, disable or remove any newly installed hardware or software. Disable BIOS memory options such as caching and shadowing. If you need to use safe mode to remove or disable components, restart your computer, press F8 to select Advanced startup options, and then select safe mode.
Technical Information:
Stop: 00x000000CA (0X00000001, 0X826E0798, 0X826E058, 0X00000000)
Please Solved the problem??????????????????
This must be issue with your hardware.
No It can work on others as well.
Yes ofcouse you can.
- Cyberghost original
I tried installing this last week on my moms dell desktop. It has xp pro sticker on it but when she bought it from someone online it had 7 installed on it and she is better with xp but during installation it asked for the 25 pin on the sticker and it did not accept hers. Tried mine on my old laptop and tower that have sticker and won't accept it. even tried the license that came with an original disk i bought and would not accept it and it needs it to allow installation.
Am I missing something or doing something wrong process wise?
- Critcal
Maybe the previous owner had replaced the motherboard?
Yes it should be installed
- Nilesh
Thank you Fatima for replying promptly. If there is problem in installation i will notify you.
- Rade_Petrusevski
this is site that pops up in notifications
Which file you are trying to open?
You need to write the ISO to CD. Then boot your pc from cd
What error are you facing?
- Net Verse
What is the MD5 or Sha1 for this?
- Net Verse
You could run XP in Virtual box or VMware machine emulators, that is what I do. The problem is, if your computer is fairly new or just newer in general, you will have a hard time finding drivers that work with the newer hardware, especially since now support for XP has ended. So, the feasible option is to just run them in an emulator.
thank you fatima now I can play games
This must be false positive. I regulary scan files with antivirus before uploading
Oh Dear. It's not your fault. XP Doesn't work with USB 100%. XP is old operating system. At that time, it was not developed to be compatible with usb installations.
I myself tried to make XP Bootable via USB and tried installations, sometimes it work and sometimes it gives errors. Also it is very slow during USB Installation.
I would suggest you to buy simple CD and burn over it. That will work 100%.
- Harija Wijesinghe
Fatima, you can use rufus to mount this
Yup I tired rufus. But this doesn't work all the time. Alot of users reported failure with Rufus XP as well
- Joe Jenot
- Darkness701
It is 32 bit, but it is only for Dell. You can use this: http://getintopc.com/softwares/operating-systems/windows-xp-sp3/
Thanks for guiding others
This doesn't need anything on Dell Machines which came with XP. But if you are willing to install on other machine then use this one.
- Dale Mapplethorpe
Like Pinball and chess 😀 i miss them thats why i have put it on an old computer that was just lying around 😀
- Ryosuke Beatpadders
this is for dell or other machine?
- Bert Serrano Garcia
it says "bootmgr is missing". im using a bootable usb flash drive. anyone here help me about my issue ? thanks 🙂


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Label-free microscopy with chemical contrast and high acquisition speed up to video-rate has recently been made possible by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy. While SRS imaging offers superb sensitivity, the spectral specificity of the original narrowband implementation is limited, making distinguishing chemical species with overlapping Raman bands difficult. Here we present a highly specific imaging method that allows mapping of a particular chemical species in the presence of interfering species based on tailored multiplex excitation of its vibrational spectrum. This is done by spectral modulation of a broadband pump beam at a high-frequency (>1MHz), allowing detection of the stimulated Raman gain signal of the narrowband Stokes beam with high sensitivity. Using the scheme, we demonstrate quantification of cholesterol in the presence of lipids, and real-time three-dimensional spectral imaging of protein, stearic acid and oleic acid in live C.elegans.
There has been increasing interest in label-free biomedical imaging based on vibrational spectroscopy. It is particularly advantageous for the imaging of small molecules, such as metabolites and drugs, because the use of fluorophores often introduces perturbations and suffers from photobleaching. Recent advances in coherent Raman scattering (CRS) microscopy, including coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS)1-3 and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy4-7, have led to orders of magnitude higher sensitivity than conventional Raman microscopy, and imaging speeds up to video-rate8,9.
In CRS the sample is coherently excited by two lasers, one at the pump frequency, ωp, and one at the Stokes frequency, ωS. When their frequency difference Δω = ωp – ωS intrinsic vibration of the sample matches with frequency Ω, both CARS and SRS occur due to the nonlinear interaction of molecules with laser pulses (Fig. 1a). In CARS, a signal is generated at the new anti-Stokes frequency ωaS = 2ωp – ωS. In SRS, a pump photon is converted to a Stokes photon when a molecule is excited from the vibrational ground state into the first vibrational excited state. SRS thus results in an intensity loss ΔIp of the pump beam intensity Ip, and an intensity gain ΔIS of the Stokes beam intensity IS (Fig. 1b). CARS suffers from a nonresonant background signal which is present even without vibrational resonance10. SRS is free from this complication: SRS spectra are identical to those of spontaneous Raman scattering, allowing easy assignment based on Raman literature. Furthermore its sensitivity is reaching the shot-noise-limit and its signal is linear in concentration. This makes SRS more desirable than CARS for microscopy4,5,9.
SRS microscopy under bio-compatible excitation conditions was recently demonstrated by implementation of a high-frequency modulation scheme to detect the relatively low SRS signal in the presence of laser noise. This also allows separation of the SRS signal from slow variations of the transmitted laser intensity due to sample scattering during raster scanning of the overlapped foci of the pump and Stokes beams5-7. To do so, either the pump or the Stokes beam is modulated at a high frequency and the modulation transfer to the other beam due to SRS of the sample is detected with phase-sensitive detection. As laser noise typically occurs at low frequencies, we use a high modulation frequency (>1MHz) to achieve near shot-noise limited sensitivity of ΔI/I < 10–8 for one second averaging time, allowing superb sensitivity in biological samples at moderate laser power5.
In the original implementation of SRS microscopy, we used narrowband laser beams (transform-limited picosecond pulse widths) to excite a single Raman-active vibrational mode (Fig. 2a)5. However other vibrational modes of the same species are not excited. Thus this approach does not take full advantage of the chemical specificity of Raman scattering and fails to specifically detect molecules with overlapping Raman bands.
Instead of using two narrowband pulses, we use a pump beam with a broad bandwidth and a Stokes beam with a narrow bandwidth, such that a wide spectral range of vibrational frequencies can be excited simultaneously11. Such multiplex excitation (Fig. 2b) has previously been performed in micro-spectroscopy by using an array detector and slow sample scanning4,12-14. However, such micro-spectroscopy is not compatible with high sensitivity detection because the high-frequency modulation described above cannot be employed easily. Here we present spectrally tailored excitation SRS (STESRS) microscopy, which provides images of a particular chemical species by collective excitation of selected vibrational frequencies (Fig. 2c). Such targeted excitation provides chemical selectivity based on full Raman signatures and allows fast quantification and mapping of the targeted species even in the presence of interfering species.
In STE-SRS we employ multiplex excitation with a broadband pump and a narrowband Stokes beam. The general idea is that one can tailor the pump spectrum such that it mainly probes vibrational resonances of a target species (e.g. Ω1 and Ω3 in Fig. 2c). This is done by masking the spectral components of the broadband pump pulse using a pulse-shaper with a spatial light modulator (SLM)15. We then detect the total intensity of the narrowband Stokes beam with a single photodiode, instead of multiplexed spectral detection as in micro-spectroscopy4.
However this first excitation spectrum e+(ωp) also excites residual signal from interfering species. To discriminate against mainly probes such interference, we use another excitation spectrum e–(ωp) that mainly probes vibrational resonances of the interfering species (e.g. Ω2 and Ω4 in Fig. 3) and measure the SRS difference signal between the two excitation spectra, such that the residual signal from interfering species vanishes.
In a mixture of n chemical species, the contribution of a particular chemical species i to the detected SRS difference signal is linearly dependent on its concentration ci, its Raman spectrum σi(Ω = ωp – ωS and the spectrally-shaped broadband pump beam, alternating between two excitation spectra e+(ωp) and e–(ωp):
For simplicity, the alternating spectra can be denoted as an excitation mask e(ωp)= e+(ωp) – e–(ωp) as illustrated in Fig. 3, in which positive contributions represent e+(ωp) and the negative contributions e–(ωp).
We can now choose a particular excitation mask ej(ωp) in order to probe a target species j selectively in the presence the other species. We do so by fulfilling
i.e. the excitation mask ej(ωp) for species j is orthogonal to every interfering species. Hence, the contribution of each interfering species to the SRS signal vanishes independent of its concentration and the measured signal only reflects the abundance of the target species j.
In practice, the broadband pump beam can only be shaped as a collection of N discrete spectral components and the integral in (2) becomes a summation over all spectral components k
If the total number of species in the sample n is equal to the number of spectral components N, is uniquely determined by (3) and can be calculated by the inverse matrix of . The only inputs required are the spontaneous Raman spectra of all the species involved. Normally the total number of interfering species in a sample is much less than the N (typically 80 in our implementation) and equation system (3) is underdetermined. We therefore calculate the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of . This procedure is similar to the chemometric method known as classical least squares (CLS), i.e. projecting the target spectrum onto the subspace orthogonal to all interfering spectra16.
In order to detect the difference SRS signal in real-time and with high sensitivity, we modulate between the two excitation spectra at high frequency (4MHz). To do so, we combine a polarization pulse-shaper with a spatial light modulator (SLM), a polarization modulator and a polarization analyzer as shown in Fig. 4. Spectral components of the first excitation spectrum are shaped to be s-polarized and components of the second excitation spectrum are p-polarized. Fast switching between the two excitation masks is achieved by the Pockels cell. After passing through the polarization analyzer, the broadband pump beam is again linearly polarized and spectrally modulated. Different target species j can then be selected by loading different polarization masks onto the SLM in between consecutive image frames.
If such spectral modulation is performed at high frequency (higher than the low frequency laser noise), no further amplitude modulation is required for the high sensitivity detection of SRS. We measure the modulation transfer to the Stokes beam with a phase sensitivity detector (lock-in amplifier) identical to the implementation of narrowband SRS microscopy5. The amplitude of the transferred modulation is described by equation (1), as the phase-sensitive detector interprets the in and out phase signals as the first and second excitation spectra, respectively, and automatically gives the difference signal. STE-SRS has the advantage that it combines the high sensitivity of high-frequency modulation with improved spectral specificity of multiplex excitation. STE-SRS is also readily compatible with beam-scanning microscopy and allows for fast imaging speeds and real-time image display.
We first characterize the STE-SRS signal in a two component solutions of cholesterol and oleic acid, which have overlapping Raman bands. Fig. 5a shows the spontaneous Raman spectra of the two compounds and Fig. 5b the SRS spectra for a particular broadband pump spectrum (dotted line). We calculate the excitation mask for the detection of cholesterol (target species) in the presence of oleic acid (interfering species) from the SRS spectra as shown in Fig. 5c according to equations (3).
For this excitation mask the SRS difference signal is indeed linear in the concentration of cholesterol (Fig. 5d) and independent of the concentration of oleic acid (Fig. 5e). STE-SRS can suppress against signals from interfering species that are up to ~2000× stronger (Fig. S1b), because laser intensity fluctuations of individual spectral components of a mode-locked laser are common-mode noise and can be canceled out. Such strong discrimination against interfering species is not possible with sequential measurements of different Raman bands by narrowband excitation because the signal fluctuations of different bands are uncorrelated. The detection limit of STE-SRS for cholesterol is 5mM (Fig. S1a).
We further demonstrate that STE-SRS can distinguish more than just two species. We prepare 13 different three-component solutions with varying concentrations of cholesterol, oleic acid and ethanol. For each of the solutions we sequentially apply the three excitation masks shown in supporting Fig. S2c, which are calculated for selective detection of each of three compounds in the presence of the other two based on the spontaneous Raman spectra show in Fig. S2a. We use the signal from the pure solutions to calibrate the instrument and make use of the linear concentration dependence of spectral SRS imaging to correlate the signal with the absolute concentration. The ternary plot in Fig. 5f shows that the concentration of the three-compounds can be accurately measured with STE-SRS.
As an important application of STE-SRS we show selective imaging of different types of fatty acids in vivo. CARS microscopy has successfully been applied to study lipid storage in the nematode C.elegans, a common model organism in lipid research17, to overcome the shortcomings of lipid staining techniques that often fail to stain all lipids uniformly18. We recently applied narrowband SRS imaging to image the distribution of unsaturated lipids in cells based on the characteristic CH-vibration5. However many lipid species, do not have isolated vibrational bands. Thus, their distributions and dynamics cannot be probed by narrowband SRS.
Here we image the distributions of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids as well as proteins in C.elegans, which are the three main contributors to signal in the CH-region of Raman spectra of cells18,19. Oleic and strearic acid were chosen as representative spectroscopic samples for unsaturated and saturated lipids, as they naturally occur in liquid and gel phase at room temperature. From the SRS spectra of the three pure compounds (Fig. 6a) we were able to generate three independent masks (Fig. 6b) that can selectively probe either of the three species in the presence of the two others. We can thus image a particular species selectively by applying the corresponding mask to the SLM prior to image acquisition. Before imaging the actual worm sample, we first confirmed the correct choice of the excitation masks in a test sample (supporting Fig. S3). We then took three images of the same region in the worm, one for each excitation mask, showing the distribution of protein (Fig. 6c), oleic acid (Fig. 6d) and stearic acid (Fig. 6e).
The comparison of Fig. 6d and e shows that both compounds and their derivatives co-localize. In particular, there are no isolated storage areas that contain a single species only. Furthermore, fat deposits co-localize with areas of increased protein aggregation. Fig. 6f and g and the three-dimensional image stacks (supporting Video 1) from a different region in the worm show this in more detail. The arrows in the images indicate the two independent lipid storage areas, the subdermal and intestinal deposits. It is known that in the intestinal cells, fat is stored in lysosomal-related organelles,17 which suggests why fat deposits are surrounded by the larger protein aggregates. With STE-SRS we can further see that the fat deposits of the subdermis are also surrounded by proteins aggregates.
Careful analyses of spectroscopic data to extract signal with a known spectral feature from complex and often noisy spectra is widespread and referred to as chemometrics20. In spontaneous Raman spectroscopy, chemometric methods have been used for understanding hydrogen bonding21, detection of glucose levels22 and bone degeneration23, and imaging of cells24. While these methods were used to analyze spectra computationally after data acquisition with a multi-element detector, recently multivariate optical computation employed a tailored multiband color filter in front of a single-element detector25,26. STE-SRS shares the same spirit, but tailors the excitation rather than emission spectra.
With STE-SRS we have introduced a microcopy technique that combines fast speed with high chemical selectivity. Micro-spectroscopy based on spontaneous Raman has been advocated recently by several groups to compliment rapid narrow band CARS imaging in order to provide spectroscopic analyses at selected positions19,27. Our spectral SRS imaging provides spectroscopic information based on multiple Raman band for every pixel of an image rather than a few selected points.
Compared to multiplex CARS microscopy12-14,28, spectral SRS imaging has the advantage that no data processing is needed as SRS excitation spectra are identical to those of spontaneous Raman scattering5,28. Furthermore, pixel dwell times in spectral SRS imaging can be orders of magnitude shorter than that in multiplex CARS14. Compared to CARS pulse-shaping approaches29-33, STE-SRS requires amplitude shaping instead of phase-shaping. Any phase manipulation, including those used in interferometric CARS34,35 are prone to phase errors in biological samples, where refractive indices vary across the sample. In general all the CARS related techniques are complicated by the coherent image artifacts due to constructive and destructive spatial interferences at the dimension comparable to the diffraction limit spot36.
We note that if unknown chemical species exist in a sample, their Raman spectra need to be taken before STE-SRS microscopy can be carried out. STE-SRS does not diminish the need for Raman micro-spectroscopy. It however significantly increases the speed of mapping chemical species, which are often known a priori in biological samples. The number of species can be in principle as high as the number of spectral pixels of tailored excitation. We also note the principle of spectrally tailored excitation can be further extended to other modulation transfer techniques such as two-color two-photon absorption37, pump-probe38, or stimulated emission39.
The combination of high specificity and high sensitivity of STE-SRS microscopy offers new prospect for vibrational imaging of for biology and medicine.
The 1064nm narrowband Stokes beam is provided from a picosecond Nd:YVO4 laser (HighQ, Picotrain) and the tunable broadband pump is obtained from a femtosecond Ti:Sa laser (Coherent, Mira900) with 76MHz repetition rate. The two lasers were synchronized using electronic synchronization (Coherent, Synchrolock) with <250fs timing jitter13,40. In order to minimize nonlinear photodamage41-43, the pump beam was chirped to picoseconds by passing the beam through 35cm of glass (Edmund Optics, NT63-091) without signal loss. Polarization pulse shaping was achieved with a custom pulse-shaper from Biophotonic Solutions Inc. The pulse-shaper consists of a grating to disperse the broadband pulse and a curved mirror (~1m focal length to achieve 0.1nm spectral resolution) to focus the spectral components onto a polarization spatial light modulator (CRI, SLM-640) in a 4-f-geometry in reflection mode15. The through-put of the pulse-shaper was ~55±5% at 800nm center wavelength depending on the input polarization. The SLM was controlled using custom software control using LabView (National Instruments). To allow fast modulation between different polarization states (at 4MHz) we utilized a combination of a custom-built Pockels cell (based on RTP crystals by Raicol) and polarization analyzer. The Pockels cell was driven with a sine-wave from the reference output from the lock-in amplifier (Stanford Research Systems, SR844RF), which was amplified to 1W and efficiently coupled to the crystal with a resonant transformer. Pump and Stokes beams were spatially overlapped using an 850nm long-pass mirror (Chroma Technology), temporally overlapped with the synchronization electronics by maximizing the cross-correlation signal on an autocorrelator (Spectra-Physics, 409 Autocorrelator) and coupled into a modified laser-scanning upright microscope (Olympus, BX61WI/FV300). We used a 60× 1.2NA water (Olympus, UPlanApo / IR) as excitation objective and the light is collected in transmission with a 1.4NA oil condenser (Nikon). For imaging of biological samples, the average power was reduced to 15mW of pump and 120mW of Stokes. A large-area InGaAs photodiode (New England Photoconductors, I5-3-5) with reversed bias of 12V is used for detection of the narrowband Stokes beam, after blocking the spectrally modulated pump beam with a high OD long-pass filter (Chroma Technology, HHQ925LP). The photodiode output is band-pass-filtered around the modulation rate of 4MHz with a custom-made bandpass filter. A high-frequency lock-in amplifier (Stanford Research Systems, SR844RF) is used to demodulate the Stokes-intensity. Time-constant of 10μs ("no filter"-mode) was used for imaging and 1s for the solution spectroscopy studies. The analog output of the lock-in amplifier is fed into a input of the microscope A/D-converter to provide the intensity of a pixel.
The authors thank Linjiao Luo and Aravinthan Samuel for providing the C.elegans sample for initial testing, Brian Saar and Sijia Lu for helpful discussions and commenting on the manuscript and Xu Zhang for assisting in the final measurements. C.W.F. acknowledges Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds for a Ph.D. Fellowship. This work was supported by the NIH Director's Pioneer Award and NIH TR01 grant 1R01EB010244-01.
Author contributions
C.W.F., W.M. and X.S.X. conceived the idea and drafted the manuscript. C.W.F. and G.R.H. built the instrument, B.X. and M.D. designed and built the pulse shaper, and C.W.F. conducted the experiments.
Additional information
A patent application based on this work has been filed. Supplementary information accompanies this paper at www.nature.com/naturephotonics.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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Mortgage rates flat, homebuilders starting to feel effects of higher rates
The recent bond market sell-off bumps up mortgage rates again
Mortgage rates are the lifeblood of the housing market, which is why Bernanke and the Fed began conducting quantitative easing (or QE) in the first place. Lower rates allow homeowners to refinance, which increases their disposable income and helps stimulate economic growth. Lower rates enable first-time homebuyers to move out of an apartment and into a house, which means higher consumption (and good things for home improvement retailers like Home Depot and Lowe's). Consumption accounts for some 70% of the U.S. economy, and consumption has been depressed since the housing bubble burst. The Federal Reserve would prefer to keep rates as low as possible for as long as possible.
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The bond market seems to be in a tight range
Bonds hit their lows the week of July 4, as a stronger-than-expected jobs report met with a thin market. Many senior traders had taken off Friday, July 5, which meant that most desks were under-staffed. I would almost put an asterisk by that 2.74% print. At the moment, it looks like the ten-year bond yield is in a range of 2.48% to 2.58%.
Effect on homebuilders
Homebuilder stocks, such as Lennar (LEN), Toll Brothers (TOL), Standard Pacific (SPF), PulteGroup (PHM), and KB Home (KBH), have rallied strongly over the past year, but they've given up ground since Q1 earnings. Last week, they fell on the back of earnings announcements—particularly from Pulte, which reported negative order growth. They blamed higher interest rates on the drop, but believe the secular (long-term) story remains.
Given that the economy could have depressed household formation numbers, there's real pent-up demand for housing. Housing starts have been below historical averages for the past ten years. With low mortgage rates and increasing demand, and a strengthening economy, homebuilders now have the wind at their backs. The builders that have exposure to the red-hot West Coast market did very well. For homebuilders, the top-down macro picture looks good.


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Kathleen Burns Trust - Gun Auction
West Central Auction Company
Antiques, Art, & Collectibles
May 15, 2017 through May 21, 2017 - 10 AM Staggered Soft Close (First Lot Starts Closing) Pacific
Huisman Auctions, Inc.
13070 W. Stockton Blvd.
Galt, CA 95632
Currently taking consignments!
Online Only Auction
Large assortment of hand and power tools, shop equipment, automotive supplies, and miscellaneous consignment items.
Preview: Friday May 19, 2017 9 AM � 4 PM & Saturday May 20, 2017 8 AM � 2 PM
Huisman Auctions Inc.
9766 Waterman Rd. Suite A
Elk Grove, California 95624
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May 21, 2017 5:00 PM
Preview Date: Friday May 19, 2017
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There is a 15% Buyer's Premium for this auction & tax will be charged unless a valid resale certificate is provided at the time of payment (Please enter Resale number in your user account information). All items must be paid for at the conclusion of the auction.
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ALL items are sold AS IS, WHERE IS. It is your responsibility to inspect all items to ensure quality. �Some items may be returns from retail stores, may be broken or defective, inspection of items is highly recommended, bid accordingly.
We do not ship ANY ITEMS FOR ANY REASON! If you are an out of state buyer, you will need to arrange your own pick up/shipping!


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