text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 17, 1987
|Filing date
|Aug 23, 1985
|Priority date
|Jul 30, 1984
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Donald H. Van Steenwyk
|Original Assignee
|Applied Technologies Associates
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (27), Referenced by (24), Classifications (5), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a division of Ser. No. 635,612 filed July 30, 1984, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,611,405, which is a continuation-in-part of my prior application Ser. No. 293,159, filed Aug. 17, 1981, and entitled, "High Speed Well Surveying", now U.S. Pat. No. 4,468,863.
This invention relates generally to surveying of boreholes, and more particularly concerns methods and apparatus which enable significant reductions in well survey time.
In the past, the task of position mapping a well or borehole for azimuth in addition to tilt has been excessively complicated, very expensive, and often inaccurate because of the difficulty in accomodating the size and special requirements of the available instrumentation. For example, magnetic compass devices typically require that the drill tubing be fitted with a few tubular sections of non-magnetic material, either initially or when drill bits are changed. The magnetic compass device is inserted within this non-magnetic section and the entire drill stem run into the hole as measurements are made. These non-magnetic sections are much more expensive than standard steel drill stem, and their availability at the drill site must be pre-planned. The devices are very inaccurate where drilling goes through magnetic materials, and are unusable where casing has been installed.
Directional or free gyroscopes are deployed much as the magnetic compass devices and function by attempting to remember a pre-set direction in space as they are run in the hole. Their ability to initially align is limited and difficult, and their capability to remember degrades with time and environmental exposure. Also, their accuracy is reduced as instrument size is reduced, as for example becomes necessary for small well bores. Further, the range of tilt and azimuthal variations over which they can be used is restricted by gimbal freedom which must be limited to prevent gimbal lock and consequent gyro tumbling.
A major advance toward overcoming these problems is described in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,753,296. That invention provides a method and means for overcoming the above complications, problems, and limitations by employing that kind and principal of a gyroscope known as a rate-of-turn gyroscope, or commonly `a rate gyro`, to remotely determine a plane containing the earth's spin axis (azimuth) while inserted in a bore-hole or well. The rate gyroscope has a rotor defining a spin axis; and means to support the gyroscope for travel in a bore-hole and to rotate about an axis extending in the direction of the hole, the gyroscope characterized as producing an output which varies as a function of azimuth orientation of the gyroscope relative to the earth's spin axis. Such means typically includes a carrier containing the gyroscope and motor, the carrier being sized for travel in the well, as for example within the drill tubing. Also, circuitry is operatively connected with the motor and carrier to produce an output signal indicating azimuthal orientation of the rotating gyroscope relative to the carrier, whereby that signal and the gyroscope output may be processed to determine azimuth orientation of the carrier and any other instrument thereon relative to the earth's spin axis, such instrument for example comprising a well logging device such as a radiometer, inclinometer, etc.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,192,077 improves upon 3,753,296 in that it provides for use of a "rate gyro" in combination with a free gyroscope, with the rate gyro used to periodically calibrate the free gyroscope. While this combination has certain benefits, it does not provide the unusually advantageous modes of operation and results as are afforded by the present invention. Among these are the enablement of very rapid surveying of boreholes; the lack of need for a free gyroscope to be periodically calibrated; and reduction in time required for surveying slanted boreholes, of particular advantage at depths where high temperatures are encountered.
It is a major object of the invention to provide method and apparatus facilitating rapid surveying of boreholes, as referred to. Typically, the survey method employs first means for measuring angular rate, and second means for sensing tilt, said means having sensitive axes, a rotary drive for the first and second means, and circuitry to process outputs of the sensors and to control the drive the basic steps of the method including:
(a) operating the drive and the first and second means at a first location in the borehole, and also operating said circuitry, to produce signals used to determine the azimuthal direction of tilt of the borehole at such location,
(b) when traveling the first and second means and the drive lengthwise of the borehole away from the location, and operating the drive and at least one of the first and second means during such traveling and also operating said circuitry, to produce signals used to determine changes in borehole alignment during traveling,
(c) and maintaining at least one of said sensitive axes at a predetermined orientation relative to horizontal during said travel.
As will be seen, the (c) step of the method typically involves maintaining an input axis defined by the second means at a predetermined orientation (such as horizontal) during traveling, the drive being controlled to accomplish this. For example, the first means may include first and second gyroscopes, one having its input axis maintained horizontal during such travel. Accordingly, if the borehole changes its direction of tilt during instrumentation travel, the one gyroscope detects the amount of change; in addition, the second gyroscope senses changes in azimuth during the travel between upper and lower positions in the well. Further, the (a) step of the method may be carried out at each of the upper and lower positions prior to and subsequent to such travel, for accurately determining azimuthal direction of tilt of the hole at such locations. These (a) and (b) steps may be carried out in alternation, up or down the hole, to enable rapid surveying, as will be seen.
Apparatus embodying the invention comprises:
(a) angular rate sensor means having a sensitive axis,
(b) tilt sensor means,
(c) a rotary drive operatively connected to said (a) and (b) sensor means to rotate same about an axis extending generally in the direction of the borehole,
(d) and circuitry operatively connected with said (a) and (b) sensor means to determine the azimuthal direction of tilt of the borehole at a first location therein, said (a) sensor means also connected in feedback relation with the drive whereby the sensitive axis of the (a) sensor means is maintained at a predetermined orientation relative to horizontal during travel of said apparatus in the borehole relative to said first location, and whereby changes in borehole alighment during said travel may be determined.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention, as well as the details of illustrative embodiments, will be more fully understood from the following description an drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an elevation taken in section to show one form of instrumentation employing the invention;
FIG. 1a is a circuit diagram;
FIG. 2 is an elevation showing use of the FIG. 1 instrumentation in multiple modes, in a borehole;
FIG. 3 is a schematic elevation showing a modification of FIG. 1 instrumentation;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary elevation showing variable cant mechanism as usable in the FIG. 1 instrumentation;
FIG. 5 is a side view taken on lines 5--5 of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a vertical section showing further details of the FIG. 1 apparatus as used in a borehole;
FIG. 7 is a diagram indicating tilt of the apparatus in a slanted borehole;
FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing modified apparatus;
FIGS. 10 and 11 show modifications; and
FIGS. 1b and 1c are modification associated circuit diagrams.
Referring to FIG. 1, a carrier such as elongated housing 10 is movable in a borehole indicated at 11, the hole being cased at 11a. Means such as a cable to travel the carrier lengthwise in the hole is indicated at 12. A motor or other manupulatory drive means 13 is carried by and within the carrier, and its rotary output shaft 14 is shown as connected at 15 to an angular rate sensor means 16. The shaft may be extended at 14a, 14b and 14c for connection to first acceleration sensor means 17, second acceleration sensor means 18, and a resolver 19. The accelerometers 17 and 18 can together be considered as means for sensing tilt. These devices have terminals 16a-19a connected via suitable slip rings with circuitry indicated at 29 carried within the carrier (or at the well surface, if desired).
Circuitry 29 typically may include a feed back arrangement as shown in FIG. 1a, and incorporating a feed back amplifier 21, a switch 22 having arm 22a and contacts 22b and 22c, and switch actuator 23a. When the actuator closes arm 22a with contact 22c, the resolver 19 is connected in feed back relation with the drive motor 13 via leads 24, 25, and 26, and amplifier 21, and the apparatus operates for example as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,753,296 to determine the azimuthal direction of tilt of the bore hole at a first location in the bore hole. See for example first location indicated at 27 in FIG. 2. Other U.S. patents describing such operation are Nos. 4,199,869, 4,192,077, & 4,197,654. During such operation, the motor 13 rotates the sensor 16 and the accelerometers either continuously, or incrementally.
The angular rate sensor 16 may for example take the form of one or more of the following known devices, but is not limited to them:
1. Single degree of freedom rate gyroscope
2. Tuned rotor rate gyroscope
3. Two axis rate gyroscope
4. Nuclear spin rate gyroscope
5. Sonic rate gyroscope
6. Vibrating rate gyroscope
7. Jet stream rate gyroscope
8. Rotating angular accelerometer
9. Integrating angular accelerometer
10. Differential position gyroscopes and platforms
11. Laser gyroscope
12. Combination rate gyroscope and linear accelerometer
Each such device may be characterized as having a "sensitive" axis, which is the axis about which rotation occurs to produce an output which is a measure of rate-of-turn, or angular rate ω. That value may have components ω1, ω2 and ω3 in a three axis co-ordinate system. The sensitive axis may be generally normal to the axis 20 of instrument travel in the bore hole, or it may be canted at some angle α relative to axis 20 (see canted sensitive axis 16b in FIG. 1).
The acceleration sensor means 17 may for example take the form of one or more of the following known devices; however, the term "acceleration sensor means" is not limited to such devices:
1. one or more single axis accelerometers
2. one or more dual axis accelerometers
3. one or more triple axis accelerometers
Examples of acceleration sensors include the accelerometers disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,753,296 and 4,199,869, having the functions disclosed therein. Such sensors may be supported to be orthogonal or canted at some angle α relative to the carrier axis. They may be stationary or carouseled, or may be otherwise manipulated, to enhance accuracy and/or gain and added axis or axes of sensitivity. The sensor 17 typically has two output axes of sensitivity. A canted axes of sensitivity is seen at 17b in FIG. 1, and a canted accelerometer 17' (corresponding to accelerometer 17 in FIG. 1) is seen in FIG. 3. The axis of sensitivity is the axis along which acceleration measurement occurs.
The second accelerometer 18 may be like accelerometer 17, excepting that its input axis 23 is typically orthogonal to the input axes of the sensor 16 and of the accelerometer 17. During travel mode, i.e. lifting or lowering of the carrier 10 in the borehole 11, indicated at 27' in FIG. 2, the output of the second accelerometer 18 is connected via lead 30 (in FIG. 1a), contact 22b, switch arm 22a, and servo amplifier 21 to the drive motor 13. The servo system causes the motor to rotate the shaft 14 until the input axis 23 of accelerometer is horizontal (assuming that the borehole has tilt as in FIG. 2). Typically, there are two such axis 23 horizontal positions, but logic circuitry in the servo-system may for example cause rotation until the output of acceleration sensor 18 is positive. Amplifier 21 typically includes signal conditioning circuits 21a, feedback compensation circuits 21b, and power amplifier 21c driving the motor M shown at 13.
If, for example, the borehole is tilted 45� due East at the equator, accelerometer 17 would register +0.707 g or 45�, and the angular rate sensor 16 would register no input resulting from the earth's rate of rotation. If, then, the apparatus is raised (or lowered) in the borehole, while input axis 23 of accelerometer 18 is maintained horizontal, the output from accelerometer 17 would remain constant, assuming the tilt of the borehole remains the same. If, however, the hole tilt changes direction (or its elevation axis changes direction) the accelerometer 17 senses such change, the amount of such change being recorded at circuitry 29, or at the surface. If the hole changes its azimuth direction during such instrument travel, the sensor 16 senses the change, and the sensor output can be integrated as shown by integrator circuit 31 in FIG. 1a (which may be incorporated in circuitry 29, or at the surface) to register the angle of azimuth change. The instrumentation can be traveled at high speed along the tilted borehole while recording such changes in tilt and azimuth, to a second position (see position 27" in FIG. 2). At that position, the instrumentation is again operated as at 27 (mode #1) to accurately determine borehole tilt and azimuth--essentially a re-calibration step. Thus, the apparatus can be traveled hundreds or thousands of feet, operating in mode #2 as described, and between calibration positions at which travel is arrested and the device is operated in mode #1.
The above modes of operation are typically useful in the tilted portion of a borehole; however, normally the main i.e. lower portion of the oil or gas well is tilted to some extent, and requires surveying. Further, this part of the hole is typically at relatively high temperature where it is desirable that the instrumentation be moved quickly to reduce exposure to heat, the invention lending itself to these objectives. In the vertical or near vertical (usually upper) portion of the hole, the instrumentation can revert to mode #1 operation, at selected positions, as for example at 100 or 200 foot intervals. In a near vertical hole, azimuth contributes very little to hole position computation, so that mode #1 positions can be spaced relatively far apart, and thus this portion of the hole can be mapped rapidly, as well.
FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate technique for adjusting the angularity of the axis of sensitivity of the first accelerometer relative to the lengthwise direction of instrument travel in the borehole. As shown, the accelerometer 317 (corresponding to accelerometer 17) has an axis of sensitivity (input axis) shown at 317b, which is rotatable about an axis 350 which is substantially normal to the direction of travel 351 in the borehole. Shaft extensions 314a and 314b correspond to extensions 14a and 14b in FIG. 1. The accelerometer 317 is carried by pivots 352 in a frame 353 to which shaft extensions 314a and 314b are connected, as shown. Control means 354 is also carried by the frame to adjust the cant of axis 317b, as for example at locations of mode #1 operation as described above, to improve the determination of azimuthal direction of tilt of the borehole, at such "calibration" locations, and/or at other instrument locations in the hole. The control means 354 may, for example, comprise a jack screw 355 driven by a reversible motor 356 suspended at 356a by the frame. The jack screw extends laterally and interfits a nut 357 attached to the accelerometer case, as for example at its top, offset from axis 350. A servo system 356b for the drive may be employed, so that a chosen angularity of axis 317b relative to direction 351 may be achieved. Support or suspension 356a may be resiliently yieldable to allow the accelerometer to be adjustably tilted, without jamming of the drive or screw.
FIGS. 6-8 show in more detail the apparatus of FIG. 1, and associated surface apparatus. In FIG. 6, well tubing 110 extends downwardly in a well 111, which may or may not be cased. Extending within the tubing is a well mapping instrument or apparatus 112 for determining the direction of tilt, from vertical, of the well or borehole. Such apparatus may readily be traveled up and down in the well, as by lifting and lowering of a cable 113 attached to the top 114 of the instrument. The upper end of the cable is turned at 115 and spooled at 116, where a suitable meter 117 may record the length of cable extending downwardly in the well, for logging purposes.
The apparatus 112 is shown to include a generally vertically elongated tubular housing or carrier 118 of diameter less than that of the tubing bore, so that well fluid in the tubing may readily pass, relatively, the instrument as it is lowered in the tubing. Also, the lower terminal of the housing may be tapered at 119, for assisting downward travel or penetration of the instrument through well liquid in the tubing. The carrier 118 supports first and second angular sensors such as rate gyroscopes G1 and G2, and accelerometers 120 and 121, and drive means 122 to rotate the latter, for travel lengthwise in the well. Bowed springs 170 on the carrier center it in the tubing 110.
The drive means 122 may include an electric motor and speed reducer functioning to rotate a shaft 123 relatively slowly about a common axis 124 which is generally parallel to the length axis of the tubular carrier, i.e. axis 124 is vertical when the instrument is vertical, and axis 124 is tilted at the same angle form vertical as is the instrument when the latter bears sidewardly against the bore of the tubing 110 when such tubing assumes the same tilt angle due to borehole tilt from vertical. Merely as illustrative, for the continuous rotation case, the rate of rotation of shaft 124 may be within the range 0.5 RPM to 5 RPM. The motor and housing may be considered as within the scope of means to support and rotate the gyroscope and accelerometers.
Due to rotation of the shaft 123, and lower extensions 123a, 123b and 123c thereof, the frame 125 and 225 of the gyroscope and the frames 126 and 226 of the accelerometers are typically all rotated simultaneously about axis 124, within and relative to the sealed housing 118. The signal outputs of the gyroscopes and accelerometers are transmitted via terminals at suitable slip ring structures 125a, 225a, 126a and 226a, and via cables 127 127a, 128 and 128a, to the processing circuitry at 129 within the instrument, such circuitry for example including that described above, and multiplexing means if desired. The multiplexed or nonmultiplexed output from such circuitry is transmitted via a lead in cable 113 to a surface recorder, as for example include pens 131-134 of a strip chart recorder 135, whose advancement may be synchronized with the lowering of the instrument in the well. The drivers 131a-134a for recorder pens 131-134 are calibrated to indicate borehole azimuth, degree of tilt and depth, respectively, and another strip chart indicating borehole depth along its length may be employed, if desired. The recorder can be located at the instrument for subsequent retrieval and read-out after the instrument is pulled from the hole.
The angular rate sensor 16 may take the form of gyroscope G1 or G2, or their combination, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,199,869. Accelerometers 126 and 226 correspond to 17 and 18 in FIG. 1.
In FIG. 9 the elements 13, 16, 17 and 19 are the same as in FIG. 1; however, the second accelerometer 18 of FIG. 1 is replaced by a second angular rate sensor 190 (such as gyroscope G2) having one of its axes of sensitivity along the borehole axis, which serves the same function as the second accelerometer 18. Thus, the angular rate sensor 190 maintains a gimbal axis fixed (as for example horizontal or at any other desired orientation) during instrumentation travel in mode #2, and its output is connected via the servo loop 22b, 22a and amplifier 21 to the drive motor 13, so that if the hole changes direction in tilt, during such travel, accelerometer 17 will sense the amount of change, for recordation. The output of gyroscope 190 may equivalently be provided by the second axis of a two input axis first gyroscope, the other input axis of which is also provided by the first gyroscope. The second accelerometer, 18, of FIG. 1 could be added to the configuration of FIG. 9 if a second orthogonal signal normal to the borehole axis is desired, and is shown for that purpose as having output A2 in FIG. 10.
FIG. 11 shows an alternative approach to that of FIG. 9 that has unique advantages in certain applications. The second gyroscope G2 may alternatively be mounted directly on the carrier (10 in FIG. 11), as indicated at 190a and may have its output (proportional to angular rate sensed about the borehole axis) integrated by integrator 31c (FIG. 1c) to provide a measurement of the rotation of the carrier, 10, about the borehole axis. This output measurement at K may then be combined, at 196 with the output signal R1 from the resolver, 19, carried by line, 24, (FIG. 1c) to determine angle of shaft 14 with respect to inertial space. Thus, gyroscope G2 is further characterized as having an axis of input rate sensitivity along the borehole direction and an output signal which is integrated to determine changes in the orientation of said carrier frame about an axis along the borehole direction.
Either angular rate sensor G1 or G2 of FIG. 9 may have a second axis of input rate sensitivity nominally orthogonal to the borehole axis, 124, and the first input axis of angular rate sensor 16. In this case, as represented in FIG. 1b, two angular rate signal outputs as at 180 and 181 and two tilt sensitive signal outputs (as at 17a' and 18a') from those axes nominally orthogonal to the borehole axis may be combined and used together as at circuitry 184 to determine changes in the borehole inclination and azimuth while traveling, without requiring the use of the rotary drive mechanism to adjust any input axis to a horizontal or other known position. The drive mechanism may then be left disconnected as by opening switch A, while traveling, unless use of the drive is desired to lock the gimbal to the case, or to control the rotation of the gimbal during travel, so as to reduce sensor errors.
In FIG. 1b, the options for use of the drive mechanism are shown when the second angular rate sensor axis is associated with G1, i.e. 16. Changes from FIG. 1a include integration circuit 31b, provision of a switch, A, to disable the drive mechanism during traveling if desired, and provision of drive control circuitry, B. The latter may employ inputs from both tilt sensor axes, 17a and 18a, the gimbal resolver, 19a, and an external drive control reference, C, to permit any desired control of the drive mechanism during travel if the drive mechanism is not disabled by switch A.
In FIG. 10, the options for use of the drive mechanism are shown when the second angular rate sensing axis is associated with G2, i.e. 190. Changes from FIG. 9 include integration of the second output signal of G2 in integrator 31b, addition of the second tilt sensor A2, 18, from FIG. 1 to get the second orthogonal tilt output signal, 193, and control 193a therefor to enable disabling of the drive mechanism during traveling, and provision of drive control circuitry, B, which receives inputs from tilt sensors A1 and A2 i.e. 17 and 18, angular rate sensor G2, i.e. 190, the gimbal resolver, 19, and an external drive control reference, C, to permit any desired control of the drive mechanism during traveling if the drive mechanism is not disabled by switch 193. The latter is connected between circuitry B and contact 22b.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 29, 1941
|Feb 2, 1943
|Cooperative Dev Co
|Device for surveying well bores
|Dec 2, 1950
|Apr 21, 1953
|Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc
|Well-surveying inclinometer
|Nov 16, 1948
|Apr 6, 1954
|Union Oil Co
|Apparatus for subsurface exploration
|Dec 29, 1949
|Jun 22, 1954
|Stanolind Oil & Gas Co
|System for obtaining and transmitting measurements in wells during drilling
|Sep 1, 1955
|Sep 17, 1957
|Exxon Research Engineering Co
|Electrical borehole surveying device
|Apr 21, 1958
|Jun 5, 1962
|Alvin R Allison
|Process and means for determining hole direction in drilling
|Oct 19, 1959
|Sep 4, 1962
|Melvin Wallshein
|Automatic teeth separators
|May 21, 1958
|Jun 16, 1964
|Rosenthal Adolph H
|Drill-hole direction indicator
|Dec 4, 1958
|Mar 22, 1966
|Honeywell Inc
|Navigation instruments
|Dec 23, 1963
|Mar 14, 1967
|Aga Ab
|Gyro platform arrangement
|Dec 27, 1966
|Feb 9, 1971
|Us Army
|North-seeking system
|Dec 4, 1970
|Aug 21, 1973
|Applied Tech Ass
|Well mapping apparatus and method
|Dec 21, 1973
|Jul 15, 1975
|Teldix Gmbh
|Rapid resetting gyroscope
|Jul 17, 1978
|Apr 15, 1980
|Applied Technologies Associates
|Survey apparatus and method employing all latitude, all attitude gyrocompassing
|Dec 18, 1978
|Apr 29, 1980
|Applied Technologies Associates
|Mapping apparatus employing two input axis gyroscopic means
|Nov 21, 1978
|Dec 16, 1980
|Societe D'applications Generales D'electricite Et De Mecanique Sagem
|Devices for the azimuth and slope scanning of a drilling line
|May 7, 1979
|May 5, 1981
|Applied Technologies Associates
|Survey apparatus and method employing canted tilt sensor
|May 31, 1979
|Oct 6, 1981
|Applied Technologies Associates
|Survey apparatus, method employing angular accelerometer
|Jun 25, 1979
|Nov 3, 1981
|Applied Technologies Associates
|Survey apparatus and method employing rate-of-turn and free gyroscopes
|Feb 24, 1982
|Feb 28, 1984
|Applied Technologies Associates
|Azimuth determination for vector sensor tools
|Feb 24, 1982
|Jul 17, 1984
|Applied Technologies Associates
|Apparatus and method to communicate information in a borehole
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 29, 1988
|Mar 20, 1990
|Applied Navigation Devices
|Drill steering in high magnetic interference areas
|Nov 7, 1988
|May 1, 1990
|Applied Technologies Associates
|High speed well surveying and land navigation
|May 20, 1996
|Feb 25, 1997
|Western Atlas International, Inc.
|Apparatus and method for determining the gravitational orientation of a well logging instrument
|Dec 3, 1998
|Feb 12, 2002
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Measurement-while-drilling assembly using gyroscopic devices and methods of bias removal
|Jun 8, 1999
|Sep 17, 2002
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Method and apparatus for borehole surveying
|Sep 26, 2000
|Mar 4, 2003
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Measurement-while-drilling assembly using gyroscopic devices and methods of bias removal
|Mar 19, 2001
|May 11, 2004
|Lattice Intellectual Property Limited
|Method of forming a trenchless flowline
|Jan 14, 2003
|Jan 11, 2005
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Use of MWD assembly for multiple-well drilling
|Jun 19, 2003
|Jan 18, 2005
|Robert M. Taylor
|Inclinometer system
|Jul 30, 2002
|Jan 25, 2005
|Precision Drilling Technology Services Group, Inc.
|Method and device for the measurement of the drift of a borchole
|Sep 18, 2003
|Apr 26, 2005
|Smart Stabilizer Systems Limited
|Borehole surveying
|Oct 13, 2005
|Jun 8, 2010
|Icefield Tools Corporation
|Gyroscopically-oriented survey tool
|Mar 19, 2010
|Nov 22, 2011
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Apparatus for azimuth measurements using gyro sensors
|Jul 15, 2009
|Jun 12, 2012
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Method and apparatus for wellbore survey using inertial sensors
|Oct 1, 2010
|Nov 12, 2013
|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
|Downhole orientation sensing with nuclear spin gyroscope
|Jun 19, 2003
|Dec 25, 2003
|Taylor Robert M.
|Inclinometer system
|Jan 14, 2003
|Dec 25, 2003
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Use of MWD assembly for multiple-well drilling
|Jul 30, 2002
|Feb 5, 2004
|Lewis Jonathan Robert
|Method and device for the measurement of the drift of a borchole
|Sep 18, 2003
|Jun 10, 2004
|Smart Stabilizer Systems Limited
|Borehole surveying
|Oct 13, 2005
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|Erik Blake
|Gyroscopically-oriented survey tool
|Mar 19, 2010
|Sep 9, 2010
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
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|Jul 15, 2009
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|Oct 1, 2010
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|U.S. Classification
|33/304, 33/324
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 8, 1991
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 1, 1995
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|May 10, 1999
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
1. The perfect pale pink lipstick is perfect. Aside from the fact that A. It's prolly 5 years old and is in need of petroleum before application and B. It looks washed out on pictures.
2. Yet again, I've had the perfect haircut. Pictures someday. In the meantime, love me love me say that you love me.
4. Gifts for the girlsies, bestfriends, and miscs.
5. Sunday was set for cleaning up. I woke up at 1am, talked on the phone, fixed my brows and hair, then started dressing up. I'm in my anti-fashion fashion outfit while purging these sentiments.
6. I will be writing my newyear's resolution soon. Complete with signature. What better use for my tablet than signing my works eh?
7. The sisters gave me the ultimate. Peacesigns.
8. I need to submit for dapitan. Just trying. Im not expecting much. "Prepare for the worst, hope for the best." foolproof never fails!
9. Social life please. Any parties out there?
Sunday, December 28, 2008
Killing time

subset: commoncrawl


text: Cnbc technology Mark Cuban says Trump is 'unaware of how technology works' President Donald Trump should be more aware of tech advancements in machine learning and artificial intelligence, business mogul Mark Cuban told CNBC on Friday, and how that will impact America's future. Trump doesn't understand technology, the Dallas Mavericks owner said on "Halftime Report." "I'm willing to bet that these companies building new plants... #technology #people #cuban Tweet Source: www.cnbc.com Read More


text:
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Awe-Inspiring Primary Sources
November 21, 2016
152 years ago today, on November 21st, 1864, President Abraham Lincoln sent the following letter to a Mrs. Bixby of Boston, Massachusetts, whose five sons were killed in the Civil War:
Dear Madam,
I have been shown in the files of the War Department a statement of the Adjutant-General of Massachusetts that you are the mother of five sons who have died gloriously on the field of battle. I feel how weak and fruitless must be any word of mine which should attempt to beguile you from the grief of a loss so overwhelming. But I cannot refrain from tendering you the consolation that may be found in the thanks of the republic they died to save. I pray that our Heavenly Father may assuage the anguish of your bereavement, and leave you only the cherished memory of the loved and lost, and the solemn pride that must be yours to have laid so costly a sacrifice upon the altar of freedom.
Yours very sincerely and respectfully,
A. Lincoln
Some of you will recall that in Steven Spielberg's World War II movie "Saving Private Ryan," Harve Presnell, as General George C. Marshall, pulls out a copy of this letter and reads it to his staff as the motivation to order a company of soldiers behind enemy lines in France in what turns out to be a successful attempt to save a private James Ryan, whose three brothers had already been killed in the war.
Spielberg could have come up with any number of artistic devices as a reason to search for Private Ryan, but his use of Lincoln's letter, with its profound and empathetic rhetoric and reference to the terrible human sacrifices of the last war fought on American soil, results in a powerful dramatic moment and illustrates the unique ability of "primary sources" to provide critical context and authority to not only works of art but also to our opinions, lessons, arguments, and daily discourse.
Lincoln was not aware at the time, of course, that he was creating a "primary source" document. He was writing with a specific purpose—one of numerous letters just like it, sincere expressions of sympathy written by generals and presidents over the centuries as a consequence of war.
Having access to Lincoln's letters, speeches, and other writings—as well as the written records of thousands of other leaders, authors, inventors, influencers, and historic figures—is critical to our ability to understand our past and to learn from our successes and failures. With the passing of time written documents of all kinds become valuable sources of facts and insights well beyond their original intent.
Still, whether we are aware of it or not, we are all creating primary source documents. The significance of a primary source document does not depend on its age, or whether it's handwritten, or—if an image—captured on physical film, nor does it have to be created by someone famous.
Regardless of their origin, what primary sources have in common is their ability to clarify and add meaning or poignancy to an idea or event; or to sort truth from fiction.
Primary sources can also resonate on a personal level, helping us make connections that we were not aware of and providing inspiration.
This happened to me recently. I was having lunch with a new business partner, Mingdi Yang, who founded a small educational publishing company in Beijing. We met after she wrote me an e-mail about how much she enjoyed my book Dealing with Disruption: Lessons from the Publishing Industry. After exchanging a few e-mails, we both realized that there was common ground for us to work together.
Reviewers often fill the role of commentator on an author's work, which is a form of feedback, but they know that they are writing for a larger audience. With Mingdi's notes, however, I realized that I was actually looking at a special kind of primary source document, and I was given an opportunity to learn from someone else's honest reflections and personal insights as to what is important—at least to her. Her notes also caused me to recall, and then write about, Lincoln's letter, only to discover that it too was written on November 21st—a century and a half ago. Timing is everything.
For those of you interested in access to thousands of primary sources and their historic contexts and importance, be sure to check out Britannica's Original Sources and LaunchPacks: Social Studies.


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Community gathers one year since shooting of Jamar Clark by Minneapolis police
MINNEAPOLIS (KMSP) - Tuesday marks one year since the shooting death of Jamar Clark.
Activists with the Twin Cities Coalition for Justice 4 Jamar are holding a week of action, in Clark's honor. At 5 p.m. the community will gather at James and Plymouth Avenue North, the site where Clark was killed.
On Sunday, a kick-off rally and march took place at Broadway and Lyndale Avenue. On Monday, activists made phone calls to Mike Freeman's office. On Friday, leaders will gather at the Hennepin County Government Center at noon. On Saturday, there will be a Community Day at Harrison Park.
On Nov. 15, 2015 Jamar Clark, 24, was fatally shot by Minneapolis police outside of an apartment on the 1600 block of Plymouth Avenue North. Officers were responding to a request for assistance from paramedics who reported that Clark was disrupting their ability to aid an assault victim.
TIMELINE: Jamar Clark shooting
On Oct. 21, Minneapolis police announced the two officers involved In Clark's death, Mark Ringgenberg and Dustin Schwarze, will not be disciplined. The decision followed an internal affairs investigation.


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idiallo wrote: [quote:ee80984100=\"cryan\"]I can appreciate the concern but at the same time I like and think many other people would to the increased WYSIWYG format. I do not want to do something that would break the flow up to much however I am open to suggestions. One of the easiest things we could try doing is increasing the weight of the lines dividing the sections. This should give more contrast without necessarily breaking the flow.[/quote:ee80984100]
That could help, but the major issue (for us) is for horizontal lines just above/below detail sections borders, used for dividing records: in the current 3.0 it''s quite hard to place them, the line can easily \"slip\" in the neighbouring section. In 2.x the items were stuck to their sections, so it was not a problem.
In my opinion, the sections \"frontiers\" should not be crossed with a one-or-two pixels shift.
[quote:ee80984100]One of the thoughts I originally had was the sections would have tabs on the right or left hand side spanning the height of the section. Each of these tabs would have been a different color to help distinguish sections and the name of the section.[/quote:ee80984100]That wouldn''t solve the \"too easy to cross the frontier\" problem. -- Read more at http://www.xtuple.org/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=2998


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An online payday loan can be a small short term installment loan will cover expenditure until your following payday. You are able to apply on the web and the choice to loan you the money is made almost straight away. Generally the whole application could be completed on the web and the money loaned can be credited into your on the same day when you build your application.
A payday loan is a personal unsecured loan, so it is not influenced by collateral, just like you buying a house or car etc.
Generally when you make your first application you'll be able to borrow anywhere approximately $300, depending on your get hold of pay. You may be authorized the less you need to borrow, so make sure you borrow only things you need. Once you have successfully repaid loans with a particular company they may then offer to lend you anything up to about $750 in subsequent loans.
Need A Payday Loan? Click Here.
Payday cash advances can provide a helpful solution for short term cash flow problems.
That can apply for a Pay day loan?
For being entitled to a payday loan you've got to be over 18 years old plus employment with a acquire wage that is at least $750 each month. You must in addition have a bank account having a valid bank card.
Although you may have a bad credit score history you should still be able to acquire a cash advance as long as you fulfil the above mentioned criteria.
How do you get a cash payday loan?
Nearly all payday cash advances can be found online, so there is no delay with faxing or posting of documents. The approval process is easy and quick to complete. You will be requested your business, address, specifics of your monthly income and employment, as soon as your next payday is, with the amount you would like.
Repayment over a longer period
Pay day loans could be extended when you're capable to not be able to satisfy all or section of the amount due around the repayment date. In such a circumstance our recommendation is that you contact your payday loan provider as soon as possible and explain your position in their mind. They're going to then be able to explain the options and how to extending the loan.
Even if you are unable to fully settle the repayment amount, make sure you settle wherever possible for the repayment date. This helps to hold the amount of appeal to your interest owe to a minimum. Some companies may ask you for extra fees for extending your loan, you can examine if this is the situation before signing the loan agreement.
Why does the APR appear at the top of payday loans?
The Annual Percentage Rate placed on pay day loans appears when you're getting started being high. This is extremely misleading, there is however a straightforward reasons why this figure looks really at high point. APR can be an Annual Percentage Rate, therefore is calculated on the whole year (twelve months). However, a quick payday loan is taken usually only over many days or weeks.
The Annual Percentage Rate calculation was not meant to apply to very short term installment loans including pay day loans. It was designed to sign up for long term loans in existence for any year or even more. It is really a theoretical figure than enables people to compare similar longer term loan products, like mortgages or ongoing credit balances.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/expert/Michael_D_Valentine/360179


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Spanish Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero announced Saturday that he will not stand as a candidate for his Socialist Party in the next general elections in 2012.
"I will not be a candidate in the next general elections," he said in a speech to party's federal assembly in Madrid.
He said that when he was first elected in 2004 he intended to remain head of government for only eight years and that this idea has not changed.
The prime minister called on the Socialist Party "to begin the process of holding primaries" to nominate a new person to lead the party in the next elections.


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GraphicRiver 10 Adventure Badges and Logo Vol1 12053781
Category: Web Element | Comment: ( 0 )
GraphicRiver 10 Adventure Badges and Logo Vol1 12053781
Web Element \ Badges & Stickers
Logo \ Sport \ Sticker \ Rock \ Ranger \ Original \ Outdoor \ Survival \ Vector
Web Element - 10 Adventure Badges and Logo Vol1 12053781 by shazidesigns @ GraphicRiver
Web Element \ Badges & Stickers
Layered: No; Graphics Files Included: Vector EPS, AI Illustrator; Minimum Adobe CS Version: CS6.
10 ADVENTURE BADGES AND LOGO Vector illustration. All text is easy editable. 100% vector and 100% editable, scalable without losing detail. Files included AI and EPS format. All fonts are free for personal and commercial use. Fonts name and links given in the "help" file. Background images are not included in this package.
For any help regarding this file, please feel free to contact me through my profile page and I'll be glad to offer support.
Thank you!
Baseball Player Silhouettes; 10 Sports Badges; 2 Sport Bicycle T-Shirt; 10 Fitness T-Shirt Template Bundle; Fitness T-Shirt Template 5; Fitness T-Shirt Template 4; 50 Fitness Gym - Bodybuilding Bundle.
Keywords: adventure, backpack, badges, bear, camp, campfire, climbing logo, everest, expedition, explorer, forest, hiking, hipster, journey, logo, mountain, nature, original, outdoor, ranger, rock, sport, sticker, survival, t-shirt, travel, trekking, vector, wildness, wood.


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My friend Josh called me up in December and asked if I would mind if he used his annual Christmas gathering of friends to raise money for Bennett. He had wanted to put a "tip jar" out on the table to allow for friends of his to donate to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation on behalf of Bennett.
Of course, I said "yes" as Brian and I felt very touched by such a generous act. This wasn't an event put on by us. It was a friend's event that he wanted to use to help donate money to find Bennett a cure.
Josh's passive tip jar ended up raising $156 which he just officially donated to Bennett's Brigade. Every penny is appreciated. But just as much as the financial gift, the gift of offering to do something on Bennett's behalf is what's touching.
Here are pictures of how Josh did it:
Thank you Josh and Lindsay for all that you do for our family - the way you love us, the way you build into our lives - and the way you help us try to save our son!!


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Earn Talktime One Of The Best Incentive Apps Like Mcent , True Balance , Simkarma Etc Which Provides You Rewards In Form Of Recharges For Completing Small Tasks Such As Surveys , Installing Apps , Registering Or Watching Ads Or Videos.Here We Comes With A Trick Where You Can Get Free Rs 40 In Your Earn Talktime Account In Just A Minute By Completing A Simple Task & Its For All Users (New & Old Both).So For What You Are Waiting , Just Read The Steps Below & Loot This Trick & Also You Can Earn By Referring Friend As It Is Giving Up To Rs 40 Per Refer.
How to get Free Rs.40 from Earn Talktime app From This Trick :-
- Click Here to install Earn Talk time app
- Enter Your Number and verify your number To Register (Skip if already have).
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- Select That Offer And open it.
- Then you will get a link from there.
- Now open your laptop/PC and paste the link You got From this offer.
- From there, register on their website and Complete mobile verification.
- At last you will get your login details with Pc application in (.exe) format just download the app on PC and best part is app size is less than 800 KB.
- open that app in PC and do login with details you just got.
- That's it check your Earn-talk time account ,Your Account Will credited.
Unlimited trick (For Non-rooted users Also) :-
- For unlimited time, clear data of Earn talktime app from Application setting of your Mobile phone and register with another number ,Remember You Need Sim Card Of Number Which You Are Registering In Your Phone.
- Do repeat the above process.
- Now, when it come to logging in the app on PC, you have to go to task manager then end the task with name IAM.exe (From Second Time on the same PC/Laptop)
- Now, go to My computer then to your system file drive most commonly "C" Drive then to program files then delete the folder Of IAM.
- Now Disconnect The Internet & connect Again .(Its Required For Changing I.p) then install that software again. Then it will open instantly.
- Now login In Your Earn Talktime App and You Will see you again got credited.
- Repeat the process again and again to loot unlimited.


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Museum and Gallery Listings for Sept 12-18 - The New York Times
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Security Guarding - Level 2Specialist Security Group
Important information
|At 23 venues
|3 Days
- Training
- At 23 venues
- Duration:
3 Days
What could be improved Nothing.
Would you recommend this course? Yes.
What could be improved We were told that we should receive the certificates after a week which I have not received even after a month. And there is looking a communication gap when I inquire about the certificate.
Would you recommend this course? Yes.
Course programme
Course review:
New entrants to the security industry and those who are returning to it, having previously worked prior to the introduction of SIA licensing in 2005, will need to undertake the SIA training course and pass all of the assessments to be able to apply for an SIA license.
The SIA recognized Level 2 Award in Security Guarding will enable you to apply to the SIA for a Security Guard license, and by obtaining this SIA license you will increase your employment opportunities.
Although the course syllabus will provide you with the basic knowledge needed to pass the exams, our instructors will also demonstrate to you the real life practicalities of being an SIA Security Guard, so that when you eventually start work you will feel much more confident in your new role.
Upcoming dates: Weekly
Course: Level 2 Award in Security Guarding/ Door Supervision/ Physical Intervention


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Special Collections
'Andrew D. Lytle's Baton Rouge' Photograph Collection
A native of Cincinnati, Lytle arrived in Baton Rouge around 1857, and over the next fifty years or so, he and his business partners, including his son Howard, photographed people, places, and community events such as parades. Lytle photographed Baton Rouge during the war, including scenes of naval vessels on the river, Federal encampments, damage and streetscapes, and soldiers and sailors.
Actors and Musicians Photographs, 1880-1920
Publicity photographs of actors and musicians who appeared at New Orleans theaters during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Handwritten notes on the back of many of the photos identify the individuals, the theater where they appeared, and the name of the play or event. Identified New Orleans houses are the Tulane, Athenaeum, Orpheum, Dauphine, and Crescent Theaters, as well as the French Opera House.
Armand Duplantier Family Letters
The Armand Duplantier Family Letters date from 1777 to 1841 and contain items from four generations of the Duplantier family, including Armand Duplantier, his uncle Claude Trenonay, Armand's son Armand Allard Duplantier, and granddaughter Amelie Augustine Duplantier Peniston. The collection's historical significance lies not only in what it can tell us about the history of Baton Rouge and nearby Pointe Coupee Parish, but also in what it reveals about the state's colonial period, Francophone Louisiana in the territorial and antebellum era, and the enduring legacy of the state's French antecedents.
Charles L. Thompson Photographs
Charles L. Thompson, a resident of New Orleans, La., collected materials related to the history of New Orleans and Louisiana. This digital collection consists of selected photographic prints of port and street scenes, ships, and other images of the city of New Orleans.
Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park Photographs
The collection contains twenty-nine albumen photoprints of the grounds of the Park, taken circa 1894. There are eight photographs from Missionary Ridge (Tenn. and Ga.) and twenty-one photographs from Chickamauga (Ga.). Information is provided on the back of the prints.
Civil War Photograph Album, 1862-1900
The Civil War Photograph Album contains portraits of military personnel who fought during the American Civil War, 1861-1865. The album has 50 pages; each page has a capacity for four (4) photographs, and most of the photographs (cartes-de-visite) are Confederate enlisted men and officers.
Col. Joseph S. Tate Photograph Album
The original Joseph S. Tate photograph album (unbound) contained 103 black and white photographic prints mounted on paper. The images show scenes from several locations in Louisiana during the 1920s including lumbering and shrimping operations, city scenes, and a number of scenic bayou images. It is not known whether Joseph S. Tate was the photographer, but it is known that the album was his property.
Digitizing Louisiana Newspaper Project (DLNP)
The Digitizing Louisiana Newspaper Project (DLNP) includes 78 newspaper titles published between 1836-1922, a total of 220,000 pages. By the end of 2015, 49 additional titles will be available. LSU has participated in the NEH National Digital Newspaper Program since 2009. Digitized collections are available through the Library of Congress' Chronicling America site.
Donn Young Photographs
Photographs by New Orleans photographer, Donn Young, salvaged from his Lakeview home after Hurricane Katrina. These images are a sampling of the over 32,000 images saved from his home and studio after floodwater damage.
Doussan family papers, 1827-1872
The Doussans were an émigré French family who settled in East and West Baton Rouge Parish, La., in the wake of Napoleon's downfall. Comprised of correspondence, financial papers, and personal papers of family members, the collection, which dates 1827-1872, reflects the Doussans's planting operations in West Baton Rouge Parish, financial and legal transactions in Louisiana and France, family activities, interests, and concerns, and the experience of French émigrés in Louisiana as they encountered Anglo-American culture and society. Correspondence includes letters to and from friends and family in France.


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Graphic Designer
CHRP INDIA Private LimitedHyderabad
Internship Description1.Participates in Storyboarding. 2.Creates Interactive Design. 3.Develop graphics and animations. 4.Thinking creatively to produce new ideas and concepts. 5.Design and develop interface for e-Learning courseware. 6.Conceptualizes, designs, and produces graphics demonstrating concepts. 7.Review e-Learning courseware from a design perspective and make improvements to course content. 8.Create and update design specifications for courseware and other graphic material. 9.Can design user friendly interfaces, communication material, dynamic and interactive presentations and tutorials based on the requirements. 10.Creates interactive or animated graphics and videos using a variety of tools, including the Adobe Creative Suite, including Flash, Dreamweaver, Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign, as well as 3D Studio Max, and simulation tools, including Captivate, Articulate, and Camstasia. 11.Creating GUI for eLearning courses and Integrate voice-overs into eLearning courses. 12.Creative and innovative with an eye for aesthetics. 13.Should be able to work under tight deadlines. 14.Proofreading to produce accurate and high-quality work.
About Company
CHRP - INDIA Private Limited
CHRP-INDIA is committed to delivering the effective practices in developing learning solutions. Our capability of delivering the most complex learning programs has been achieved through our dedicated team, in creating competitive learning solutions.


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What Are The Disadvantages Of Strip Mining
advantages and disadvantages of mining?,Yahoo Answers
Disadvantages : Mining will definitely create damage to the environment. ... Damages to environment made by mining industry cannot be restored in the span of 20 years. Source(s): Scorpio9 · 7 years ago . 6. 1. 1 comment. Loading ... Add a comment. Submit · just now. Report ...Read More
What Are The Disadvantages Of Strip Mining
What is the disadvantage of strip mining?,ChaCha. What is the disadvantage of strip mining? ... Disadvantages: Surface mining is very dangerous. ...Read More
strip mining advantages and disadvantages,Gold Ore Crusher
Strip Mining. To mine the ore, these layers have to be taken off. The sizes of the chunks is important because the miners don't usually want it in tiny pieces.Read More
What Are the Pros and Cons of Strip Mining? (with pictures)
Strip mining might seem like the worst way of doing business from an environmental point of view, but it also results in more materials being dug from a site than conventional mining. On top of that, there isn't exactly much pristine wilderness left anyway.Read More
pros and cons of strip mining,BINQ Mining
Pros VS Cons Strip Mining. ... Open pit mining, also known as strip ... what are advantages and disadvantages of mining in south africa? the disadvantages of rockwool insulation; difference between sweco and ball milling;Read More
Mountaintop Removal,UF Interactive Media Lab
There are advantages and disadvantages to coal mining. The advantages, it is argued, that it is safer for the miners to surface mine and that using coal is a clean source of energy*. ... * Mining dries up an average of 100 wells a year and contaminates several others.Read More
Pros And Cons Of Strip Mining,Protable Plant
What Are the Pros and Cons of Strip Mining ? ... Advantages and Disadvantages Organic Farming: Its Pros and Cons. Advantages and disadvantages organic farming: Despite the good things about organic farming why do most farmers prefer industrialized agriculture?Read More
Strip mining,Encyclopedia of Earth
Strip mining is a type of surface mining that involves excavating earth, rock, and other material to uncover a tabular, ... The pits are parallel and adjacent to each other with each strip of overburden and the mineral beneath extracted sequentially.Read More
What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of underground ...
Best Answer: I am assuming you are wanting an answer that is considering the advantages / disadvantages of u/ground mining compared with open pit mining? (Let me know ... Advantages Underground mining (as compared to open pit exploitation) ...Read More
disadvantage of coal mining,Coal Surface Mining,SAMAC
disadvantage of coal mining Description : Advantages and Disadvantages ... Coal must be mined and and strip mining ruins habitats. Underground coal mining is dangerous because cave-ins and Get Prices. ... Advantages and Disadvantages of Mining ...Read More
pros and cons of strip mining
Pros and cons of strip mining 3. Pros and cons of fossil fuels vs. nuclear power 4. ... description includes a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of surface and underground mining as well as brief explanations of open pit, ...Read More
The Advantages of Open Pit Mining (with Pictures),eHow
The working conditions are safer for the miners because there is no risk of cave in or toxic gas.Open pit mining is the preferred... garden; home; tech; style; crafts; food; finance; eHowHacks; More 3; Browse ... Strip mining, or open pit mining is profitable sooner than a shaft mine because ...Read More
mining research library,OneMine
OneMine is the collective online digital library of mining and minerals technical papers, periodicals, books, and publications from professional societies and government records from all over the globe.Read More
What Are The Disadvantages Of Strip Mining,Answers.com
5 Great Sources for a Map of the Sunset Strip The Sunset Strip in West Hollywood, California is culturally rich and historic. Famous in song and motion picture, it's been the home of gangsters, stars, comedians, and rockRead More
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Strip Mining,Crusher USA
» advantages and disadvantages of mining in limpopo » advantages & disadvantages of open cast mining » mining advantages & disadvantages » gold mining old strip mining equipmentRead More
pros and cons of strip mining,HWM Stone Crusher for Sale in ...
what are the pros and cons of strip mining? with pictures oct 14, 2014 strip mining is a form of surface mining that is usually employed for the with pros such as improved efficiency, cost, ... what are the advantages and disadvantages of surface mining.Read More
West ia Coal Mining,Mountaintop Mining
It is also called valley fill coal mining or strip mining on steroids. Here's what happens. The summit or summit ridge of a mountain is mined. Miners remove the soil line above the coal.Read More
What are disadvantage and advantage on coal mining?
What are disadvantage and advantage on coal mining? ... may also get rich off of things you find by selling the materials in coal mining disadvantages: poor health conditions; coal are certain types og materials and minerals must by cared by a pro, ...Read More
advantages of strip mining coal,crusher in India
advantages of strip mining coal. Crusher machine. Shenbang stone crushing equipment is designed to achieve maximum productivity and high reduction ratio. ... Search Results for "advantages and disadvantages of strip mining " ... Coal Technology ... and the ...Read More
The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Surface Mining
advantages and disadvantages of strip mining . coal,National Geographic EducationThe three main types of surface coal mining are strip mining, open-pit mining, and ... for more. disadvantages of gypsum mining.Read More
Disadvantages Of Open-pit Strip Mining
Disadvantages Of Strip Mining; Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of In Pit Crushing; Advantages Disadvantages Of Open Pit Mining; Describe Advantages Disadvantages Of MiningRead More
Next Post: new mining equipment pictures in mauritius


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Crosscurrent Trailer (2016)
15 February 2016 Drama 116 mins
Gao Chun, a young captain, steers his cargo boat up the Yangtze river. His father has recently died and, according to his beliefs, his son is now responsible for liberating his soul. At the same time, Gao Chun is looking for the love of his life. But all the women he meets in all the different ports are the same person: a magical being who grows ever younger the closer he gets to the source of the Yangtze. His trip up river turns into a journey through space and time.
Watch the official Crosscurrent 2016 trailer in HD below or find more Crosscurrent videos on Vidimovie.


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Firm That Flunked Vaccine Program to Stay in Schools
Health Ministry encountered difficulties finding another service provider and therefore asked firm Natali to continue to provide the medical care despite the ministry's own criticism of the firm.
The Health Ministry claims that the absence of any alternatives has forced it to retain the services of medical service firm Natali in the nation's schools, despite the company being disqualified for two years by the Supreme Court in February. Data showed that the firm failed to administer vaccinations or checkups to as many children as required by their tender; the company disputes the figures.
The current contract with Natali, which was awarded after school medical care was privatized in 2007, was due to expire next week. However, the Health Ministry encountered difficulties finding another service provider and therefore asked Natali to continue to provide the medical care despite the ministry's own criticism of the firm.
The ministry is shortly expected to ask for court approval to extend Natali's contract. MKs Haim Katz (Likud ) and Shelly Yachimovich (Labor ) are sponsoring legislation that would reverse the privatization of school health services.
Although the accuracy of the data has been disputed by Natali, the ministry reported that, as of June 12, the firm had failed to vaccine a quarter of the children who should have been inoculated and had not given children the required medical checkups during the school year.
Among the country's first graders, for example, 24 percent had failed to be vaccinated against measles, mumps, German measles and chicken pox; over 80 percent had not received the required medical exam. Among eighth graders, 31 percent had not been inoculated against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus.
As a condition of its current contract in the country's schools, Natali was to vaccinate more than 90 percent of students. Yesterday, Natali announced plans to set up locations where children who had not been vaccinated could get the required inoculations over the summer.
Natali said the ministry's figures were not up-to-date, contending they were based on data from a reporting system introduced in January that has experienced numerous problems. This then made it difficult for the company to relay current data.
"The many difficulties and deficiencies of the system have been reported regularly to the Health Ministry and we are still burdened by daily problems in its operation, therefore some of the reporting does not appear in the system," the firm said, adding: "Natali has been devoting its full energies since the beginning of the year to vaccinate [children] and to carry out all of the examinations for the entire student population, and has improved and continues to significantly improve student health services."
According to ministry figures, some localities have had particularly low vaccination rates. In Beit Shemesh, for example, as of mid-May, only three percent of first graders had been vaccinated against measles, mumps, German measles and chicken pox, and no eighth graders had received inoculations against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus.
Among the Tel Aviv suburbs where the data showed low overall vaccination rates were Ramat Hasharon (44 percent ), Bnei Brak (60 percent ), Herzliya (74 percent ) and Givatayim (79 percent ).
The ministry said it had been closely monitoring the level of service provided and was displeased with the situation, taking a grave view of the low rate of coverage reflected in the data, although it noted an improvement recently. Natali was asked to submit a plan to bridge the gaps in service and would be required to attain 100 percent coverage by the end of the next school year, the ministry added.
A replacement for Natali is being looked into for subsequent school years, the Health Ministry said. "We do not foresee the possibility of a switch to a new provider in the coming year and believe it would not be right to change how the service is provided in the middle of the year," the ministry explained.
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Norton"s Gift and Variety Show 2015 will be starting on 14 Nov and finishing on 16 Nov 2015.
The Norton"s Gift and Variety Show 2015 (Norton Show November) will take place at Gatlinburg Convention Center in Gatlinburg, Tennessee USA.
Norton Show November is going to be a platform where a lot of essential items are going to be showcased. Some of these are about Gifts, Accessories, Souvenirs, Jewellery, Gemstones and Gems.
Norton"s Gift and Variety Show 2015 is once Trade Show.
Gatlinburg Convention Center
Address : 938 Parkway, Gatlinburg, TN 37738, USA
Leave Your Comment
load time : 61ms - last update time : 24-08-2016


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Just a few short years ago I was drowning in debt.
I'd clocked up a vehicle loan, several credit cards, an overdraft and an unpaid tax bill.
Combine that with my everyday living expenses and I was struggling (read: failing) to even make my monthly minimum payments.
It was a pretty sorry existence. Get up, go to work (11 hour shifts being the norm), come home and sleep. Then do it again, all the while trying to spend as little money as possible. Then, when payday finally swung around, watch all my hard-earned money disappear on debt payments before starting all over again.
This went on for several years, as I got more and more depressed about the situation. Where the tiniest unexpected bill (like the time I was overtaxed by 20%) would worsen my mood even further.
It was my own fault. But it was no way to live. No luxuries. No social life. Budgeting everything. And to top it off, a job I absolutely hated – but accepted only because it paid more than the alternative job I really wanted.
Soul crushing would be a fair assessment of my lifestyle not so long ago.
Now fast-forward to today. I'm virtually debt-free. At the same time I have carefully watched my spending and focused much of my time on uncovering and testing frugal living tips.
And while I'm certainly not wealthy, I have found that not only is there light at the end of the tunnel.
No matter how painful things may have seemed not so long ago, by reducing my debt and becoming more frugal I've been able to achieve a comfortable, enjoyable life.
January 2017 Update
Since I originally created this page a few years back, some significant changes have occurred.
I am now completely debt free, have swapped jobs to one that I enjoy far more and have managed to save $10,000 in the last 12 months alone.
Before the end of this year I expect to buy my very first home.
Alongside this long-held goal, I'm also working hard to save and invest, with a view to achieving financial freedom in the the near future.
From drowning in debt, to home ownership and financial freedom – all the space of a few short years. This stuff works, folks!
So Why Frugality Magazine?
I'm certainly not claiming to be special; many people have recovered from far more difficult situations than mine in the past and many others have far more money saved. I'm certainly not an expert.
But I am passionate.
Passionate about debt reduction (or even better – elimination). Passionate about saving money. Passionate about simplifying the mysteries of personal finance so anyone transform their situation.
And most of all – passionate about the freedom that comes with a low-cost, debt-free lifestyle.
I started Frugality Magazine for two main reasons.
Firstly, I want to inspire and motivate you to improve your financial situation. I wanted to share my own tips and experiences with you – in the hope that you can learn from my own experiences (both good and bad!) and make smarter decisions about your money, and your future.
And secondly by setting up a blog I hope that this "public accountability" will continue to motivate and inspire me to find ever more ways to live large on a small budget.
About This Site
I'm not one for making my own toothpaste, spending hours visiting every store in my neighborhood looking for the best price on milk or taking risks with out-of-date produce just to save a few pennies. That's not frugality to me – that's just being a tight-ass.
My version is frugality – the kind of frugality I talk about on this blog – is about how to live a comfortable lifestyle for less than you might think possible.
It's about effective tools, powerful changes to your mindset and handy hints that will let you live a full, rounded and joy-filled life, without it costing you an arm and a leg.
Because spending less while still enjoying yourself has a number of potential benefits. It means you can save more money for a rainy day. Or give more away to charity. Or spend (wisely) on your hobbies and passions – those things that really have a noticeable effect on your quality of life.
Or alternatively (or even additionally?!) it means you can work less, enjoy more free time and indulge your passions more. After all, who on their death bed ever says they wish they'd spent more time in the office?
If that all sounds good to you then I'd be thrilled to welcome you to my little online money-saving family.


text: As far as I've been able to come up with, the most IDE devices I can have is 4. OK, I was fine with that for a while. I only had 1 extra hard drive, so I threw it in the computer, it was done. Well, about 3 months ago, I started talking to friends, picking up old computers that were just going to be trashed, and now, I'm sitting here with 6 extra hard drives and nothing to do. I want to put as many as possible on 1 computer and use it as a file server, but I have no idea how. Any suggestions?


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Venture to the land of Lazy Town pussy-pounding where the most explicit banging scenes can be found. We are ready to get something big inside this bosomy Lazy Town gal with a cute butt and a fuck-ready snatch. Watch the way Stephanie gets naked and cries with lusty pleasure suffering endless wave of pleasure after being roughly fucked in asshole!
Mind-deep-throating fuckslut Stephanie enjoy schlong deepthroating
Hentai Picture: Mind-deep-throating fuckslut Stephanie enjoy schlong deepthroating
According to Stephanie black rods are the hottest to ride on!
Hentai Picture: According to Stephanie black rods are the hottest to ride on!
Reveal the letchest rude whimseys of the highbred Lazy Town characters and ill-minded wizards revelling in daffy and brutish team cream after battles for mondial manipulating… A hottie from Lazy Town being caught between two sizey boners that spray her pretty face with semen rain… Sweet Stephanie getting stark naked and admitting a big wiener all the way into her waxed cunt.
Stephanie's pink pooper got crammed with a ginormous trouser snake
Hentai Picture: Stephanie's pink pooper got crammed with a ginormous trouser snake
Stephanie got entirely insane: she starts toying with her wet split and extremely revels in it. Today Lazy Town whores will find themselves facing some huge and hardest dicks that will hammer each and every cock pit of their hot selves! Fair haired Lazy Town slut with full perky tits and a succulent ass gets her pussy, anal crack, mouth and tits filled with massive schlongs and gets a lot of sticky semen dumped on her boobies…


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Angels and Demons - The team behind the global phenomenon "The Da Vinci Code" returns for "Angels and Demons," based on the best-selling novel by Dan Brown. Tom Hanks reprises his role as Harvard religious expert Robert Langdon, who once again finds that forces with ancient roots are willing to stop at nothing, even murder, to advance their goals. Ron Howard again directs the film, which is produced by Brian Grazer, Ron Howard and John Calley. 160 min. PG-13. Carmike: 12:01 a.m. Friday (Thursday late-night; this is a sneak peek before the film opens May 15).
DCI 2009: The Countdown - Drum corps fans will again get their chance to "make the call" as they select and then judge their favorite performances of the world's most elite marching music ensembles as part of Drum Corps International's 2009 spring cinema event, "The Countdown." The program will feature six full-length corps performances from among the 72 World Championship Finalists. NR. Beechwood: 7:30 p.m. Wednesday.
Metropolitan Opera: La Cenerentola - 180 min. NR. Beechwood: 12:30 p.m. Saturday.
Next Day Air - Donald Faison, Mos Def, Wood Harris and Mike Epps co-star in this comedy about a package of cocaine that goes astray and changes the lives of everyone involved. Hey, at least it wasn't anthrax. (Connie Ogle, McClatchy Newspapers) PG-13. Carmike: 12:15, 2:45, 5:10, 7:40 and 10:10 p.m. daily.
Star Trek - The original crew of the Enterprise returns to the big screen, albeit a bit younger, courtesy of J.J. Abrams (creator of "Alias" and "Lost"). The trailer is breathtaking and the cast intriguing (Simon Pegg as Scotty!). But Abrams must walk a tricky line by pleasing longtime fans without insulting them. Then again, some of these oldtimers wear pointy ears to conventions. Can they really be insulted? (Connie Ogle, McClatchy Newspapers) PG-13. Carmike: 1:20, 1:50, 4:10, 4:40, 7, 7:30, 9:50 and 10:20 p.m. daily; Beechwood: 4:15, 6:30, 7:15, 9:15 and 10 p.m. daily, with additional shows at noon, 1 and 3:15 p.m. Friday-Sunday.
Battle of Terra - 85 min. PG. Carmike: 12:15, 2:30, 4:45, 7:10 and 9:20 p.m. today only.
Confessions of a Shopaholic -104 min. PG. Georgia Square: 4:10, 7:15 and 10 p.m. today only.
Earth - 90 min. G. Beechwood: 5, 7:10 and 9:25 p.m. today only.
Fighting - 105 min. PG-13. Carmike: 1, 3:40, 6:30 and 9:10 p.m. today only; Beechwood: 5, 7:30 and 9:55 p.m. today only.
17 Again - Mike O'Donnell (Matthew Perry), a miserable father of two on the brink of divorce, gets a chance to relive his high school days and improve his future by becoming 17 in the present day, all thanks to the magical powers of a mystical janitor (Brian Doyle-Murray). Director Burr Steers takes you places you've been before - many times - in more charming movies like "Big," "13 Going on 30," "Freaky Friday," "Never Been Kissed" and even "Back to the Future." It's facile and feel-good, not engaging or insightful. Two stars out of four. (Christy Lemire, AP) 102 min. PG-13. Beechwood: 4:50, 7:20 and 9:45 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 12:05 and 2:25 p.m. Friday-Sunday; Carmike: 12:45, 3, 5:15 and 7:30 p.m. daily.
Adventureland - 106 min. R. Georgia Square: 4:10, 7:20 and 10 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 1:10 p.m. Saturday-Sunday.
The Big Lebowski - 117 min. R. Cine: 11:15 p.m. Friday-Saturday.
Earth - 90 min. G. Carmike: 1, 4, 7 and 9:30 p.m. daily.
Fast and Furious - Noise, noise, noise. Crunched metal and shattered glass. More noise. Revving engines. Vin Diesel's giant head. Hot chicks in tight miniskirts. Even more noise. The end. That's pretty much all there is to "Fast and Furious," essentially a remake of the 2001 hit "The Fast and the Furious" with the same cast. (Christy Lemire, AP) 107 min. PG-13. Carmike: 10 p.m. daily.
Ghosts of Girlfriends Past - In this week's part II of Men Who Are Frequently And Often Unnecessarily Shirtless in Movies, we find Matthew McConaughey portraying a playboy haunted by the girls he's loved before at his younger brother's wedding. Do we think he'll realize in time that Jennifer Garner is his one true love? Does a McConaughey flex his pecs? (Connie Ogle, McClatchy Newspapers) 100 min. PG-13. Beechwood: 5:10, 7:35 and 9:55 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 12:10 and 2:50 p.m. Friday-Sunday; Carmike: 1:25, 4:20, 7:15 and 10:10 p.m. daily.
Gomorrah - There are no colorful characters in "Gomorrah," Matteo Garrone's corrosive and ferociously unsentimental fictional look at Italian organized crime; no white-haired mamas lovingly stirring spaghetti sauce, no opera arias swelling on the soundtrack, no homilies about family, honor or tradition, no film allusions, no thrilling violence. Instead, there is waste, grotesque human waste, some of which ends up illegally buried in the same ground where trees now bear bad fruit, some of which, like the teenager scooped up by a bulldozer on a desolate beach, is cast away like trash. Death has seeped into the earth here, a truism that informs every life in the film, which was adapted from the 2006 best-selling exposé of the same title by the Italian journalist Roberto Saviano. In his book, Saviano, who grew up outside of Naples, takes a passionately personal approach to his material, inserting himself into the narrative and deploying vivid, self-conscious language. (Shipping containers are not just emptied, they're disemboweled.) Though you feel his presence engraved in every image, Garrone's handling of the same material is cooler, emotionally detached, as if he were conducting an ethnographic study, a tactic that keeps the story from boiling over into melodrama. (Manohla Dargis, New York Times) 137 min. NR. Cine: 7 p.m. daily, 9:45 p.m. Friday-Saturday and Monday-Thursday, with additional shows at 4 p.m. Friday-Sunday.
Gran Torino - 116 min. R. Georgia Square: 4:05 and 9:55 p.m. daily.
Hannah Montana - Big-time fame or quiet country life? That's the question for teen sensation Miley Stewart, who finds her alter ego Hannah Montana taking over her life. We know the feeling. (Connie Ogle, McClatchy Newspapers) 102 min. G. Beechwood: 4:55, 7:20 and 9:45 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 12:10 and 2:35 p.m. Friday-Sunday; Carmike: 12:30, 2:45 and 5 p.m. today only.
He's Just Not That Into You - 129 min. PG-13. Georgia Square: 4 and 9:45 p.m. daily.
Hotel For Dogs - 100 min. PG. Georgia Square: 7:25 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 1 p.m. Saturday-Sunday.
Monsters vs Aliens - in 3D. 94 min. PG. Carmike: 12:30, 2:45, 5, 7:25 and 9:50 p.m. daily.
Obsessed - A happily married man (the awesome Idris Elba of "The Wire" and "The Office") is threatened by a stalkery temp (the less-than-awesome Ali Larter of "Heroes"). Beyonce Knowles plays the wife, so I'm hoping for an Ali Larter beat-down. There! That's for all those boring evil-twin storylines on "Heroes." (Connie Ogle, McClatchy Newspapers) 105 min. PG-13. Carmike: 1:20, 4:05, 6:50 and 9:25 p.m. daily; Beechwood: 4:25, 7:10 and 9:40 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 1:50 p.m. Friday-Sunday.
Paul Blart: Mall Cop - 91 min. PG. Georgia Square: 5:10, 7:30 and 9:50 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 12:50 and 3 p.m. Saturday-Sunday.
The Soloist - A Los Angeles Times columnist (Robert Downey Jr.) befriends a Juilliard-trained street musician (Jamie Foxx) but runs into complications when he tries to help the homeless man. Joe Wright ("Atonement," "Pride and Prejudice") directs. (Connie Ogle, McClatchy Newspapers) 109 min. PG-13. Carmike: 12:15, 4, 5, 7:05 and 10:10 p.m. daily; Beechwood: 4:05, 7:05 and 9:35 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 1:05 p.m. Friday-Sunday.
State of Play - Based on the BBC drama series of the same name, "State of Play," with its many threads and suspenseful pacing, comes just about as close to fast-forward simultaneous multiple-perspective reality as a movie can get. Russell Crowe glams down his macho leading man image to play defiant vigilante reporter Cal McAffrey, at the barely fictitious big city rag, The Washington Globe. The political and corporate scandals which loom so large throughout the movie, and who exactly is playing whom, wimp out as director Kevin Macdonald ("The Last King Of Scotland") and co-screenwriter Tony Gilroy (The Bourne Trilogy) tease with ballsy controversy but eventually opt for not making waves. Three stars. (Prairie Miller, News Blaze) 118 min. PG-13. Beechwood: 4 p.m. Friday and Sunday-Thursday, 7:05 and 9:50 p.m. Friday-Tuesday and Thursday, with additional shows at 1:05 p.m. Sunday.
Sunshine Cleaning - 102 min. R. Cine: 7:15 p.m. daily.
Taken - 91 min. PG-13. Georgia Square: 7:35 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 1:05 p.m. Saturday-Sunday.
Timecrimes - The unconventional hero is Hector (Karra Elejalde), something of a middle-aged schlub who just moved into a new house with his wife, Clara (Candela Fernandez). As Clara goes out to get food for supper, Hector spots through his binoculars a pretty girl (Barbara Goenaga) taking her top off. He probably shouldn't go to investigate, as he winds up attacked by a bandaged man when he finds her unconscious. He climbs a fence to escape, winding up in a nearby laboratory where a grad student (Nacho Vigalondo) offers him a spot to hide, but when he gets out of the chamber, it's an hour ... earlier. 92 min. Cine: 9:15 p.m. Friday-Saturday and Monday-Thursday, with additional shows at 5:15 p.m. Friday-Sunday.
Watchmen - 163 min. R. Georgia Square: 5:15 and 9:15 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 12:55 p.m. Saturday-Sunday.
X-Men Origins: Wolverine - See film review. 107 min. PG-13. Beechwood: 4:30, 5:15, 6:15, 7, 7:45, 8:45, 9:30 and 10:15 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 12:15, 1:15, 2, 2:45 and 3:45 p.m. Friday-Sunday; Carmike: Noon, 12:45, 1:30, 2:30, 3:15, 4:15, 5, 5:45, 7, 7:10, 7:30 and 9:30 p.m. daily, with additional shows at 10:45 p.m. Friday-Saturday.
© 2017. All Rights Reserved. | Contact Us


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I have installed and activated the plugin and there is no difference to the user profile. Can you tell me what I am doing wrong?
Have you implement short-code ?
Please go User Profile >> User Profile Settings >> Short-Codes(Tab)
you will need to use shortcode in php files.
please let me know for help.
do you have a quick list for shortcodes and in which files to insert them?
Display on content: Fixed author id
[up_author_profile themes="flat" id="1"]
Display on author.php : dynamic author id
$author = get_queried_object();
$authorid = $author->ID;
echo do_shortcode( '[up_author_profile themes="flat" id="'.$authorid.'"]' );
does it matter where in the file i insert this?
No, may be no matter where you are using this shortcode in author.php
I have pasted the php code in to author.php and I can see no change in user dashboard or profile
have any live link ?you should user profile like image bellow linkhttps://wordpress.org/plugins/user-profile/screenshots/but you need to fill user profile first.////////////////////////////////Ok, you could try first by pasting this shortcode in any page content using your own user id`[up_author_profile themes="flat" id="1″]`before pasting shortcode you need to fill user profile info like: profile image, cover image and others
your author link showing me empty …http://ihavegotit.com/author/admin/
I'm still not getting anywhere! do both the php code and the shortcode go in the author.php file?
Yes, i can see you have already implement our plugin Visit author pagehttp://ihavegotit.com/author/admin/
Don't forget to add profile image …
you can remove post list displaying bottom from your theme files
does this aoutomatically take the user to their author page when they login?
is there any way that i can make it do it?does the pro version do this?
Pro version not ready yet. we could add this feature future version soon.Thanks
no problem!


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If all goes to plan — don't you just love conversations that begin with that qualifier (?) — next week should be a bounty of ideas and information. And, entertainment of course.
Potentially, this is the way things are lining up.
1.) Another installment of our Mother-of-the-Betrothed wardrobe for a wedding in France from my great pal, Janice, the creator of The Vivienne Files.
2.) A look at why we can't help loving British fashion, by an expert on the subject who has one of the best blogs in the blogospshere, That's Not My Age. Is it blog-o-sphere or blog-i-sphere? I'm never sure, but then again neither one is a real word I suppose.
3.) Perhaps (I hope) a French point-of-view on organizing our lives — well, at least our closets.
4.) News & Views
5.) A surprise.
6.) A French Country Weekend.
7.) Next week's calendar.
oooh and all from the confort of my sofa!!
Sounds like another exciting week coming up Tish..


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Office of the Dean
College of Education
Florida Gulf Coast University
10501 FGCU Blvs S
Fort Myers, FL. 33965
Phone: 239-590-7800
Fax: 239-590-7801
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
The Eagles Educate/ACEI is a student branch of the Association for Childhood Education International. Our student group was established in the fall of 2004 at the Florida Gulf Coast University. In 2005 and 2008 Eagles Educate/ACEI student branch was acknowledged with the "Branch Excellence Award".
MISSION OF ACEI: "Our mission is to promote and support in the global community the optimal education and development of children, from birth through early adolescence, and to influence the professional growth of educators and the efforts of others who are commited to the needs of children in a changing society."
Goals for ACEI:
Eagles Educate/ACEI Student Network Group: Email email@example.com
Come to the meeting to learn what Eagles Educate is and how you can become a member!
Fall 2013 Eagles Educate/ACEI officers:
President – Alicia Jensen firstname.lastname@example.com
Vice President – Danielle Davis firstname.lastname@example.com
Treasurer – Marissa Dobbert email@example.com
Secretary – Madelyn Ingegno email@example.com
Historian 1 – Alexandra Newton firstname.lastname@example.com
Historian 2 – Alexis Lucin firstname.lastname@example.com
Faculty Advisor - Dr. Tunde Szecsi email@example.com
Meetings are determined at the beginning of the semester based on schedule that fits to the majority of members.
Fall 2010, awarded the Chapter Excellence Award in recognition of the chapter's work for and with children.
Omega Epsilon Chapter is located on Florida Gulf Coast University campus.
Chapter Membership
Membership in the chapter of Kappa Delta Pi depends on the following criteria:
At the beginning of each semester, students are recruited for membership. Applications will be available throughout the College of Education and current KDP members will visit classes at the start of each semester to recruit for membership. Students are required to have the following requirements:
*Students may be required to be interviewed by the faculty counselor for membership.*
For additional information please email: email@example.com
STAR is an education club at Florida Gulf Coast University. We hold meetings and offer events based on what students need to learn to become a great educator. We focus on grades 6-12 in any subject area.
Our Mission: "The mission of STAR is to promote the teaching profession and enhance future educators' vision, knowledge, and resources by offering forms of professional development. This club will provide opportunities to secondary education students that will help them grow in their particular fields of study."
Spring 2014 Officers:
President: Alicia Jensen
Vice President: Charles "Chuck" Call
Treasurer: Marissa Dobbert
Secretary: Edward "Eddie" Livesay
Monthly meetings are scheduled at the beginning of the semester based on times that are convenient to the majority of members.
For More Information:
Email: email@example.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/STARFGCU/


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Hammers hopeful over Behrami
West Ham's sporting director Gianluca Nani has confirmed the club are closing in on the signing of Valon Behrami.
By Nadia Carminati
Last Updated: 21/07/08 12:59pm
West Ham's sporting director Gianluca Nani has confirmed the club are closing in on the signing of Swiss defender Valon Behrami.
Behrami's agent told skysports.com last week that West Ham had made a move to sign the Lazio full-back after he caught the eye of Alan Curbishley at Euro 2008.
The 23-year-old is believed to have held talks and undergone a medical at West Ham after informing Lazio of his desire to leave Serie A.
Reports have suggested Behrami was ready to invoke article 17 of Fifa's rules, which gives players nearing the end of their contracts the right to move on without costing a fee, to secure the move to Upton Park.
However, Nani says the two clubs are hoping to reach a satisfactory agreement that does not involve article 17.
Hopeful"I hope the negotiation will be concluded," Nani told the Italian press.
"We have worked to do what is possible for a solution that doesn't consider Fifa article 17."
West Ham are believed to be ready to pay a fee in the region of £5.2million to sign Behrami.


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Nicotine vaporizer companies have a bit of a conundrum. While, legally, they can't market themselves as smoking cessation devices, most vapers are current or former cigarette smokers. In fact, the CDC says that fewer than 4 percent people who had never tried traditional cigarettes have ever tried using a vaporizer.
I'm a smoker. It's disgusting. I hate it. I've quit once before and then started up again, and I'm currently dedicating myself to quitting one last time. It's one of the most difficult things I've ever done. And the Juul, in my opinion, is a huge part of that process.
But before we go any deeper, this isn't a review of the Juul against other vaporizers. This is, rather, a review of the Juul vaporizer as I view it now, after a year of using it alongside analog cigarettes and trying desperately to replace them with this little vape.
The Good
As I said, this isn't a comparison of the Juul vs. other vaporizers. I've tried a few, but none for an extended period of time. That said, as a smoker, the Juul is actually comparable to actual cigarettes in terms of taste and sensation.
That's because Pax examined the way that smoking cigarettes actually feels, and built the technology around replicating that sensation. The company uses salts found in natural tobacco leaves in the Juul pods to replicate a similar taste/sensation to cigarettes, which makes this one of the best cigarette alternatives I've personally tried.
In fact, the tobacco flavor leaves (a much cleaner) taste of cigarette in the mouth, which is a nice touch for folks who are looking to switch from real cigs to e-cigs. Juul pods come in a variety of flavors, including mint, mango, creme brûlée, fruit medley, and, of course, tobacco.
Depending on usage


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Reclaiming the Gowanus: From Lavender Lake to Superfund?
April 21st, 2009, 12:49 pm
As long as the 1.5 mile long Gowanus Canal in Southwest Brooklyn has been polluted, people and government agencies have sought solutions to the vexing problems posed by this artificially created waterway; and, through the decades community organizations have organized to clean up the canal's water and adjacent land and to prevent further contamination.
Most recently plans to reinvent and redevelop the Gowanus Canal area have collided over the potential registration of the Gowanus as a national Superfund site by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This potential designation, sought at the behest of New York State's Department of Environmental Conservation, recognizes the complexity of cleaning up the area due to the widespread presence of highly noxious toxins found both in the Canal's water and abutting land.
Heavy pollution of the Gowanus Canal goes back over one hundred years. The completion of the canal in 1869 spurred tremendous urban industrial growth along its banks and simultaneously facilitated the construction of Brooklyn's brownstone neighborhoods. At the same time, in a span of a few decades, the Canal also became an intensely polluted waterway. By the early 1900's the Gowanus Canal had already earned its nickname "Lavender Lake." Heavy industrial uses, including the now notorious manufactured gas plants (MGP), as well as storm water-run-off combined with raw sewage turned the canal's water into an, apparently lavender-hued, toxic stew.
Apparently, the area is so polluted that initial testing by the EPA far exceeded the minimum threshold to qualify for nomination as a Superfund site. The EPA spokesperson, Walter Mugdan, revealed that the canal waters are heavily contaminated with carcinogens, such as PCBs and metals such as mercury and arsenic. Moreover, pollutants, including coal tar, which are usually measured in parts per million, have been detected at levels per hundred in the Gowanus Canal sediments. During the course of their two-year study of the Gowanus, Columbia University engineering faculty and graduate students in their 2007 book Eco-Gowanus also concluded that, given the extensive pollution of the land and water as well as the potential migration patterns of pollutants, the prevailing "excavate, haul and cap" remediation model would prove inadequate. Their conclusion seems to fit in with the rationale behind the Superfund designation, which posits that the area requires a comprehensive remediation strategy rather than site by site clean-up.
The Gowanus canal corridor as we previously reported on our blog has been the focus of a rezoning proposal by the Department of City Planning. The City as well as potential developers argue that a Superfund designation would create disincentives to reinvestment and would unnecessarily delay clean-up efforts. Yet, constructing medium- to high- density residential buildings on the canal as proposed may not be judicious unless the recurring problem of combined sewage overflows (CSO) is systematically addressed in tandem with the remediation of the industrial contamination. Also, the EPA's initial finding of extremely high concentrations of hazardous pollutants in the land and water of the Gowanus area begs the question whether long-term redevelopment goals might not be better served by a coordinated Federally-monitored comprehensive approach in order to guard against cross- and re-contamination. The EPA and State DEC maintain that the key to successful remediation of the canal water hinges on a coordinated approach that prevents re-contamination from upland pollution sources.
Given the continually changing patterns of urban land use, the Gowanus area should undergo remediation to meet the highest standard possible without placing an undue burden on manufacturing and industrial businesses. In the end, the vision for the Gowanus area should be decided in a planning process that is also inclusive of and addresses the many concerns raised by the various community constituents that do business in, work, live and go to school in its vicinity.
For MAS' position on the City's rezoning proposal and recommendations for land-use regulations adjacent to the canal, please follow this link.
Follow these links to the EPA website for more information on the national priorities or Superfund listing process and their community involvement and and technical assistance programs.