text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jan 6, 2009
|Filing date
|Apr 23, 2003
|Priority date
|Jul 14, 2000
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Norman Mohi, Kevin Judge, James R. Hume, Mark Scislowski
|Original Assignee
|Norman Mohi, Kevin Judge, Hume James R, Mark Scislowski
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (37), Referenced by (57), Classifications (41), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation-in-part of utility patent application Ser. No. 09/899,612 filed on Jul. 5, 2001 now U.S. Pat No. 6,980,813 which is a non-provisional utility patent application of provisional application No. 60/218,454 filed on Jul. 14, 2000 that claims priority of that date, the content of all of which are included herein by reference.
The invention relates to tracking systems that use a radio positioning system such as GPS and wireless radio communications such as cellular telephone.
There are systems that involve a tracking function performed by a centralized and stationary unit. Examples of such systems are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,594,425; 5,312,618; and 5,043,736. In the usual case, a target's location information is transmitted to a monitoring station where the information is processed and actions taken accordingly. A variation to this is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,389,934 which allows the searcher/controller to be mobile; where in one embodiment the system described is a rover which when called by a telephone would become active, relay a voice description of its location and then become inactive; and another embodiment provides an arrow visual to point in the direction of the target, but does not take advantage of the specific spatial relationship calculations used in the present invention.
Currently there is under consideration and implementation a concept referred to as E911 which contemplates that a cell phone user can make a "911" emergency call and a system will exist with a location technology that will enable locating the cell phone without any need to have the user interact. The location technology, the cell phone network and the cell phone (sometimes referred to as a handset) will enable the cell phone's location to be determined and communicated to a responding emergency service.
Numerous location technologies and standards are presently under consideration and implementation in conjunction with wireless networks in general and cellular networks in particular not only for implementation of the E911 capability, but for other purposes as well.
Many papers, announcements and reports describe these location technologies, how they function with wireless networks, in particular cellular networks, their pros and cons, and the ways in which they can provide useful services. A simple Internet search will suffice to find many such publications. Some of them are:
"Geolocation and Assisted-GPS", Goran M. Djuknic and Robert E. Richton, a white paper published by Lucent Technologies-this document has a particularly helpful description of the various geolocation technologies;
"Location Technologies for GSM, GPRS and UTMS Networks", a White Paper by SnapTrack, A QUALCOMM Company;
"Geolocation and Assisted-GPS", by Djuknic and Richton, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technology published in Computer magazine, February 2001;
"Assisted GPS: A Low-Infrastructure Approach", by LaMance, DeSalas and Jarvinen, in GPSWorld, Mar. 1, 2002;
"An Introduction to SnapTrack Server-Aided GPS Technology", by Mark Moeglin and Harvey Krasner, published on Aug. 10, 2001 as a White Paper;
"Satellite-Based Positioning Techniques", by Jari Syrjarinne, published by Nokia.
"Hybrid Wireless Assisted GPS Architecture" a publication by SnapTrack;
"A Position Determination Service Standard for Analog Systems" published by TIA/EIA, Jun. 6, 2000 (see also TIA/EIA-553-A);
"Position Determination Service Standard for Dual Mode Spread Spectrum Systems" publication of TIA as standard 3GPP2 C.S0022-0-1;
"High performance wireless location technology" a news release by TruePosition, Inc.;
"LOCATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR ITS EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION AND E911", By Robert L. French and Clement J. Driscoll a paper prepared for ION National Technical Meeting, Santa Monica Calif., Jan. 22-24, 1996. The content of all of these references is incorporated by reference into this specification.
Also an Internet search for the relevant standards bodies such as TIA's 3GPP (principally dealing with GSM networks) and 3GPP2 (dealing with CDMA networks) will provide information about the process of evolving technical standards. With such helpful descriptive material available it will not be necessary to provide exhaustive descriptions except to the extent necessary to understand the configurations of systems and operation of methods of the present invention.
Some of the location technologies are; Assisted GPS (AGPS), network wireless triangulation using Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Advanced Forward Link Trilateration (AFLT), Enhanced Observed Time Difference (EOTD), and/or Angle of Arrival (AOA) as well as hybrid solutions such as AGPS augmented with other location technologies that make use of all available measurements be they satellite or land based signals. For the purposes of this specification and claims the phrase: "land based location technology" will be used to define any location technology that makes use of measurements obtained from land based transmitters to form a position solution; such as: AFLT, TDOA, EOTD, AOA, or UTDOA. Also except if the context clearly indicates otherwise the words "position" and "location" are used interchangeably and are considered synonymous.
The invention resides in a system and method for locating and tracking a mobile rover unit from a mobile controller unit in which the controller and rover are in communication over a communication network and a location technology is used for obtaining and transmitting location related measurement data applicable to computation of the location of the controller and the rover so that the controller can determine the relative spatial position of the rover relative to the controller and the absolute positions of the rover and the controller on a map so that the user of the controller can select display of the relative spatial position of the rover or the absolute map position of the rover. Other information relating to the rover can be determined and provided to the controller including distance from the controller to the rover, the rover's speed, and a history of location of the rover.
The invention further resides in a system and method that can be referred to as autonomous GPS for locating and tracking at least one rover unit from a mobile controller unit, where the mobile controller unit has a radio communication device and a GPS module and the rover has a radio communication device and a GPS module, the controller also having a computer specially programmed to receive GPS position information from the rover unit by way of the radio communication device and using its own GPS module, calculate the relative position and bearing of the rover unit, and using a display on the controller unit showing a relative bearing, distance and altitude difference, or alternatively, map positions of the controller and the rover using available map data. The radio communication module enables the controller and the rover to communicate with each other and is preferably a cellular telephone network. The GPS information sent by the rover to the controller can be in the form of processed map coordinate data such as latitude and longitude or it can be in the form of unprocessed raw measurement data such a pseudorange data. In the preferred embodiment the controller and the rover track the same GPS satellites which enables a high accuracy result for providing the relative spatial positions of the controller and the rover as well as their absolute map positions
The invention further resides in forms of the system and method in which location technologies such as land based location technologies or GPS are assisted by network elements that can gather measurement data, perform calculations, provide assistance data to the rover and controller handsets, and send calculated or raw position data to them.
The invention includes features usable in the controller such as showing a history of the position of the rover, showing the height and velocity of the rover and other useful information.
The controller unit allows the user to select from displayed options, a selected rover from a stored directory of rovers to activate a "FIND" process to obtain the selected rover's GPS position relative to the controller's GPS position. Also, the rover unit has a stored history of its positions so that a historical trail of the rover's positions can be sent to the controller and displayed. Also, selective alarms may be programmed from the controller, into the rover or directly into the rover so that when the rover violates the alarm limit, the rover automatically signals the controller and the controller's display shows the rover's relative or absolute position, along with a signal as to the basis for the alarm. Alarms may be spatial such as a boundary or radius passed or may activate at a speed limit, if the rover starts to move faster than the alarm limit. Also, the rover may be equipped with a manually activated alarm to signal the controller.
Thus the invention has as one use for keeping in touch with children, periodically determining a child's location or trail of movement, or alarm limit violation.
While use of GPS is described above, other radio positioning systems can be used. These include GALILEO, GNSS, LORAN, GLONASS and others.
Further embodiments of the invention include or are used with location technologies that operate in conjunction with cellular networks. Such systems are under development for other purposes such as to implement the E911 requirements; they can be adapted to provide the location information to enable the controller to locate and track the rover including the feature of selectively displaying on the controller display the relative spatial position of the rover to the controller and the absolute positions of the controller and the rover. Usually absolute position will be on a map, but absolute position can be expressed and displayed in other forms such as by giving coordinates, or latitude and longitude, street intersection, address, neighborhood, etc.
In a particular embodiment the invention uses an application server that operates with the communication network and its associated location elements such as a PDE. The primary purpose of the application server is to obtain either directly or indirectly the position measurement data of both the controller and the rover including the source indicators, such as in the case of GPS satellites, the PRN numbers or in the case of land based technologies the transmitting antenna identification. Then, the application server will filter the incoming transmission from the controller and the rover to determine the most common sources of measurement data. Once the most common sources are identified the positions of the controller and the rover are determined using the most common sources as determined by the application server. Of course complete commonality gives the best result, but this is not always possible, so the application server is programmed not only to specify sufficient numbers of location data sources for proper location calculation but also to use the best selection of commonality
The invention can be implemented in a service for users whose handsets are appropriately equipped with a specially programmed application server deployed in communication with the communication network being employed. The application server does the filtering to obtain the most commonality of satellites or of ground based sources of measurement data.
Another method for achieving precise relative location of the rover with respect to the controller is to compute relative differential corrections from the measurement taken at the controller and applied to the measurements taken at the rover. This is done by using pseudorange residuals from the measurements taken at the controller to create corrections and then applying the corrections to the rover measurements. The corrections can be generated either within the controller or within the network.
The method and apparatus of the present invention is intended, as a primary application, to enable a person to find a valuable asset that could be a person, upon command and to high precision. An exemplary purpose is such as to enable a parent to find a child.
The system is comprised of a personal hand held unit (controller), and a small, compact, and optionally concealable unit (rover). Each controller unit gives the user the ability to ascertain the precise location of one or more rover units. In addition to all the functions and features of the system as described herein, the system is unique in that each controller unit is a self contained, mobile unit that can provide to the user all the real-time information necessary to locate and find any rover. While the detailed description explains the process of a controller finding a rover, the system can also support a controller finding one or more other controllers. Therefore the term "rover" as used herein means a handset that functions as a rover which can include a device equipped solely as a rover or a device equipped to function both as a controller and a rover, unless the context requires otherwise. Also the terms "controller" and "controller unit" and "rover" and "rover unit" are respectively used herein interchangeably and no distinction is intended.
The controller unit comprises several primary sub-components including a radio communication module such as a cellular telephone module, a radio positioning receiver/processor module such as a GPS receiver/processor module, an electronic compass, a display, a computer and associated electronics to operate it. The controller provides three distinct and interactive and useful functions. First, the controller unit is a fully functional cellular telephone with all the typical functions and features. Second, the controller unit can display its own position and the position of a rover unit on a street map. Third, the controller unit provides the relative spatial location (position) of any rover displaying a bearing arrow and distance. Other information can also be displayed on the controller such as the rover's speed, the rover's height relative to the controller, and a trail of prior positions of the rover.
To operate the system as a locator for a rover, the user selects the FIND feature on the controller screen. The screen displays all the pre-programmed rover names and location addresses such as cellular telephone numbers. The user selects a specific desired rover and touches GO on the interactive screen. The controller unit opens communication with the rover unit by cellular telephone. Using each unit's GPS or other location module, the controller unit determines its relative spatial relationship with the rover. In one display mode, the controller unit displays the rover unit's location on a street level map, which is capable of zooming and scrolling. Through continuing data from the rover unit, the rover unit's position is tracked on the map as GPS information is sent from the rover unit to the controller unit. In another display, the relative bearing location of the rover unit relative to the controller is displayed as an arrow accompanied by information. In order to obtain use of this arrow feature, a heading for the controller unit has to be established. Heading can be established on an initiation basis by use of a compass without movement. Also, as is well known, GPS can only provide heading when the receiver is moving. The arrow displays the bearing of the rover relative to the controller taking into account the location of the rover unit, the location of the controller unit, and the heading of the controller unit based on its GPS or other location sensor data and optional digital compass data. The information displayed along with the arrow preferably includes controller unit to rover unit distance, rover unit velocity, rover unit height relative to the controller unit, the time at which the rover unit's data was ascertained and the rover unit's coordinate system location such as latitude, longitude and elevation. The arrow display is used primarily when the controller unit and the rover unit are relatively close, such as in a neighborhood, where a directional arrow is useful for the controller unit user. To implement these displays, the controller unit receives GPS data which makes it possible to determine the relative spatial relationship of the controller unit and the rover unit to high precision, as good as 1 meter accuracy. In order to achieve this precise relative spatial relationship, the rover unit and the controller unit gather and share GPS measurements of pseudorange and carrier phase or only pseudorange measurements from the same GPS satellites. Much of the error in GPS positioning occurs due to errors that are common to the two receivers making measurements close in time and space. Therefore, having knowledge of the two receiver's GPS measurements allows for removal of the common errors and consequently, a precise calculation of the relative spatial orientation of the two units as well as good knowledge of the units'absolute position. Optionally, the bearing and distance information can be presented in an audible fashion.
The methods and apparatus to obtain the high precision relative position between the rover unit and the mobile controller unit may be implemented using known techniques—with GPS. When the rover and controller are fairly close together, their satellite suite reception is likely to have great overlap, perhaps even complete commonality. As they are more separated the commonality may decrease. In use, the preferred method is that the controller will query the rover to have the rover send to the controller time tagged pseudorange and carrier phase measurement or only pseudorange measurements on a per satellite basis, and the controller will only use the information from those satellites which it is commonly tracking. The information will be used in the controller unit to compute a precise directed distance between the controller and the rover. This information can be displayed on a map on the controller as two points or location indicators, one for the controller and one for the rover. Also, the rover can be tracked by time-sequenced positions that can be derived from prior information stored in the rover.
An optional procedure would be that the controller asks the rover to send data only for a specified subset of satellites such as all or some of those, which are being tracked by the controller.
Another optional procedure would be that the controller sends its satellite suite information to the rover and the rover does the computation and sends back its calculated position using only the common satellites.
A further option would be that the controller tells the rover which satellites it is tracking and the rover sends back information from the four common satellites with the best GDOP.
In another embodiment, the controller unit can be sent historical GPS information for the rover unit, which can be displayed as a series of points on the display map or using the controller unit position as a series of points relative to the controller unit to show a trail of travel of the rover over time both historically and contemporaneously, while being displayed.
Another feature is that the controller unit can activate an audible alarm or chime on the rover unit to facilitate finding the rover audibly.
In another feature, preselected limits or boundary conditions set for the rover unit which when the limit or boundary condition is violated or exceeded can self-activate a communication to the controller unit and an alarm signal and automatically display the relative spatial relationship or map relationship between the controller unit and the rover unit. As a cellular telephone, the controller unit can establish voice communication with the rover unit.
Should the controller unit not have the necessary map data for the current positions of the controller unit and the rover unit, it can access a central database via a cellular radio link and download the necessary map data and then resume tracking of the rover unit. Also a normally active alarm condition can activate the system to find the rover on the controller unit.
In the exemplary application, a parent is in possession of a controller unit while a rover unit is in the possession of a child. As described below, the person operating the controller unit can find the rover unit and sees on the display the relative spatial location (position) or the absolute map location of the rover unit. Other capabilities are also available, as described below.
It is contemplated in the exemplary application that a parent or equivalent will be in possession of a controller unit, and rover units will be in the possession of one or more children. The rover units can be very small, and are preferably concealed, as it is a purpose of the invention to allow locating of the child even in the event of foul play, although much of its use contemplates merely checking up on the child, or finding a lost child.
To be operable at least one controller unit and at least one rover unit is needed. There may be a plurality of controller units, such as for two or more persons who desire to track rover units. There will be as many rover units as needed for the persons to be tracked, such as one or more children. Each controller unit can track all of the rover units, or if desired only selected rover units. A set-up procedure is implemented in which the cellular numbers of each rover unit are programmed into the controller unit, along with an identity code, for automatic dialing. Also, each rover unit is programmed for dialing the controller unit, or if there are more than one controller units, for dialing them selectively or automatically in a selected order or simultaneously. Notably, the basic system does not allow for or need any steps to be taken at the rover unit to operate the system (except in the case of the "alarm" procedure which will be explained). Therefore, the cellular transceiver of the rover unit is activated by commands from the cellular transceiver of the controller unit.
The rover unit 36 has a GPS receiver 38, a cellular transceiver 40, and a control electronics module including a specially programmed CPU 42. Use of the apparatus and method is best understood with reference to the flow diagrams of
Referring to
The GO button 116 of the FIND screen
With the FIND screen 110, displayed, the procedure shown in
If the GO button 116 has been touched, the FIND DETAIL procedure of
The FIND DETAIL screen 130 has an identification window 132, a location and data window 134, a geographical coordinates window 136, a status window 138, and buttons, HOME, 140, CENTER, 142, BREAD CRUMB, 144, ALARM, 146, STOP 148 and MAP, 150.
Within the location and data window 134, a reserve 152 shows a bearing arrow 154 for relative spatial positioning of the rover to the controller, in which the arrow shows the bearing of the rover unit relative to the controller unit. This is accomplished using the electronic compass module (
Touching the HOME button 140 returns to screen
In a further embodiment the invention can be implemented by the controller and rover locations being provided wholly or in part or with the assistance of location technologies integrated with or otherwise working in conjunction with the cellular network with which the controller and rover are connected. In a more general case any communication network may be contemplated, including wireless networks as well as wired (including electrical as well as optical connection) networks.
As is already discussed an important feature of the invention is the acquisition of high accuracy relative special position of the rover relative to the controller. The following steps define a preferred way of doing it.
The first step is to identify common sources of location measurement data from a location technology. In the case of GPS or another satellite system the commonality is the common satellites that are being tracked by the controller and the rover. When the controller and rover are close it is expected that an exactly common suite of satellites can be identified. But, there may be instances when complete commonality is not available, so the general case is to define the most common suite of satellites even if one of the units has to use a satellite not used by the other. Of course as commonality is compromised, the level of accuracy of relative position may (but not necessarily) be decreased. In the case of land based location technologies the commonality refers to transmitting stations, referred to generally as land based signal sources.
Once the most common sources of measurement data are identified, there will be two sets of measurement data, one set for the controller, and one set for the rover.
Also calculations are made to determine the position of the rover relative to the controller. The employment of common measurement data provides high accuracy for determination and display of the relative spatial location of the rover relative to the controller. These calculations result in a 3D vector that represents the chord between the controller and the rover including the relative height between them. The magnitude of the vector is the distance between the controller and the rover.
In order to be able to display the FIND arrow, which is derived from the relative spatial location, the heading of the controller has to be determined. This can be done in a number of ways; using an electronic compass in which case the controller does not have to be moving or when GPS is used, obtaining heading from GPS data as the controller moves. This heading information is utilized in conjunction with controller to rover vector to enable display of the bearing arrow on the controller, which shows the direction of the rover from the controller. Also other information is calculated and displayed including relative height, relative distance, rover speed and the time that the location measurements data were captured by the rover.
Using the measurement data location information, latitude and longitude can be calculated. This allows for display of the locations of the controller and rover on a map.
As will be seen from both the foregoing and the following, configurations of a system and method vary based on among other things, where calculations are carried out. In this respect it will be appreciated that the calculation tasks do not have to be done all in one place but rather can be distributed to different portions of the system.
In the case of the system and method described above with reference to
The controller and rover can operate in conjunction with a variety of location technologies and in a number of alternative configurations. In broad terms these implementations can be considered as having two categories of location technologies; these being satellite based and land based location technology. While not necessarily exhaustive it is convenient to consider the following more specific categories as being applicable alternative embodiments of the present invention:
1. Fully autonomous GPS. One form of autonomous GPS is the handset based configuration described above. Another is use of a server based configuration in which the rover and controller acquire GPS satellites and obtain their measurement data without any assistance.
2. Both the controller and the rover use either AGPS only or a land based location technology only.
3. A hybrid in which either of the controller or the rover uses independent (autonomous) GPS while the other uses AGPS.
4. Another hybrid in which both the controller and the rover use a combination of AGPS and a land based location technology, but they obtain the best commonality of signal source of each.
5. Another hybrid that would defeat the advantages gained by the use of common measurement sources, where either the controller or the rover use satellite based location (such as AGPS or autonomous GPS) and the other uses land based location technologies.
In a general embodiment the rover and the controller are in mutual communication via a communications network such as a cellular telephone network and they each have a capability to have their location determined and provided to at least the controller by a location technology. In one set of implementations the location information is either exclusively provided by information communicated via the cellular network, or is assisted by information provided via the cellular network. In particular, the high accuracy relative spatial positions of the controller and the rover is accomplished by an application server that operates by receiving communications from the controller and the rover over the communications network. These communications provide the location measurement data and in particular the exact signal sources of the location measurement data that have been received by the controller and the rover from one or more location technologies. Then the application server filters the incoming signals from the controller and the rover to determine the most common set of signal sources, preferably completely common signal sources. In the case of GPS as the location technology the communications from the controller and the rover give the PRN numbers for the location measurement data so that location measurement data from common satellites can be used to calculate the positions of both the controller and the rover. In the case of land based location technologies, the common transmitting antennas are identified and the measurement data from them is used. Then, with the rover's location being provided to the controller the special features of the invention can be implemented, such as the FIND feature by which the relative spatial position relationship between the controller and the rover, in particular in the embodiment in which an arrow is displayed on the controller's display showing the relative direction of the rover and also showing the distance to the rover. It is possible with this embodiment to provide sufficiently high accuracy of the relative location of the controller and rover as well as their absolute location to enable the features described above to be implemented.
In the case of autonomous GPS the controller and rover acquire GPS satellites in a normal unaided way and then receive measurement data from the satellites. That measurement data is sent to the application server where the filtering for commonality is done. The rest of the process and system elements are described in detail below.
The assisted GPS (AGPS) system as implemented in the carrier network to provide location based services has been defined in a number of publications including "Location Technologies for GSM, GPRS and UMTS Networks", a White Paper by SnapTrack, A QUALCOMM Company and "Geolocation and Assisted-GPS", by Djuknic and Richton, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies and "Assisted GPS: A Low-Infrastructure Approach", by LaMance, DeSalas and Jarvinen, in GPS World, Mar. 1, 2002. The content of all of these publications is incorporated by reference herein.
In the AGPS approach, typically the process involves an interaction between a wireless handset and the Position Determination Entity (PDE) in the carrier network. This interaction assists the handset in acquiring GPS satellites to be used in calculating the position of the handset. It is the purpose here to limit the explanation of AGPS as it is exhaustively described in the published literature such as mentioned above and known to those skilled in the art. The primary benefits of AGPS are increased speed in the time-to-first-fix (TTFF) and increase in sensitivity for acquiring satellites. That is, the handset can more quickly determine its position and can utilize weaker GPS signals. The assistance provided by the PDE is available in two fundamentally different techniques. One technique requires the PDE to transmit satellite ID, code phase and Doppler information for each satellite that should be acquired and from which measurements should be taken. Another technique requires the PDE to transmit via the carrier network to a handset a rough reference location and time and the orbit parameters for the satellites; in this case the handset is required to compute the code phase and Doppler for the satellites from which measurements should be taken; these measurements are then forwarded to the PDE. The PDE would then use this information to arrive at the absolute location of the handset in a suitable coordinate system such as latitude, longitude, and elevation values (geodetic) or Earth Centered Earth Fixed (ECEF) coordinate system. As currently contemplated, there are a number of variants or hybrids that make use of the basic AGPS concept. For purposes of the present description, and pursuant to the foregoing, given that there are various ways to implement AGPS, the following definition is intended to comprehend all means and methods that result in faster acquisition of satellites and greater acquisition sensitivity, that definition being; a means or method by which a handset is provided information from a source other than directly from the GPS satellites themselves that identifies the satellites to be tracked by the handset and provides the data needed to acquire and commence tracking those satellites so as to speed-up the commencement of tracking and to increase acquisition sensitivity.
In another embodiment an application server is introduced that is configured to communicate with the carrier network location service elements to implement the invention. The following describes application of AGPS to and as an embodiment of the present invention using an application server.
When a controller requests to find a rover, the rover and the controller interact with the PDE in the carrier network, in essence asking for AGPS service. Within this request the handsets have to give the PDE certain specifying information about their operating parameters that tells the PDE how to communicate and what to communicate to the handset for providing AGPS service. After the controller and the rover have acquired and are tracking GPS satellites the application server will interact with the system components in a manner such that the improved relative positioning between the controller and the rover useful for this invention is available. Namely, in order to obtain high precision relative position between the controller and rover, the application server will compare the satellite constellation received by each unit as a function of time. The application server will determine the greatest overlap of this data and guide the system to perform its absolute location calculation of each unit based on these more common satellites for a given time. In other words, after acquisition and tracking of satellites by the controller and the rover the intent is to provide GPS data received by the two mobile devices, the controller, and the rover, to the PDE where the specific satellites at a given time are as common as possible between the two. Of course complete commonality is preferred and will give the highest position precision of relative spatial position between the rover and the controller. Once the PDE performs its location calculation of each unit, the coordinates will be passed to the application server, which will use the information to very accurately determine relative distance and bearing of the rover with respect to the controller. This information will then be forwarded to the controller for presentation to the user as described above. During the location-gathering period, this process will continue in regular intervals as to allow for real-time, very accurate location tracking of the rover by the controller.
In another embodiment each set of locations ascertained by the PDE can be relayed to the controller where the relative distance and bearing calculations will be carried out by the controller itself.
In yet another embodiment, the raw data (such as pseudoranges) collected by the PDE can be forwarded to the controller for position calculation as well as the relative distance and bearing calculations.
In still another embodiment, following the initial AGPS assist the handsets independently collect raw data such as pseudoranges. The rover raw data is continuously sent to the controller for absolute and relative tracking. In this scenario the handsets can function together independent of the application server until such time that server assist might once again be required to calculate the relative distance and bearing of the rover relative to the controller. This alternating between server assist and independent or autonomous operation will take place as needed.
In all of the embodiments outlined, the system can enable the controller to track and locate multiple controllers or rovers if so desired (a rover is defined according to its role in the system and method-to be located and tracked by a controller-so a controller can be the rover when it is being located and tracked). In addition, the controller user can request to ascertain its own location to be provided on a map for navigation purposes as described above.
The other general category for location is land based location technologies also referred to as network based wireless triangulation systems. An example of such a system has been defined by a company named True Position. In this approach, typically the process involves Location Measuring Units (LMU) at multiple base stations collecting the raw call data from mobile handsets. The data is then used to triangulate the position of the wireless transmission using Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) and/or Angle of Arrival (AOA) calculations. A similar approach is used for Enhanced Observed Time Difference (EOTD) where LMUs provide base station synchronization and data is sent to the Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC) for calculations. Using this approach, when a controller requests to find a rover, the application server will interact with the components described above in a manner such that the improved relative tracking as described above can be achieved. Here, the application server will compare the data and determine the greatest overlap of base stations as a function of time between the controller and rover. The location processing of each unit will then take place in the usual manner based on the common conditions. Once the PDE (or SMLC) performs its location calculation of each device, the corrected coordinates will be passed to the application server, which would use the information to determine, more accurately, relative distance and bearing of the controller to the rover. This information will then be forwarded to the controller for visual and audible presentation to the user as described above. During the location gathering period, this process will continue in regular intervals as to allow for real-time, very accurate location tracking of the rover by the controller.
In a different embodiment each set of locations ascertained by the PDE can be relayed to the controller where the relative distance and bearing calculations will be carried out by the controller itself.
In another embodiment, the raw data from land based radio navigation devices collected by the PDE (or SMLC) can be forwarded to the controller for position calculation as well as the relative distance and bearing calculations.
In yet another embodiment, a non-mobile central unit such as a computer may track controllers and/or rovers. In all of the embodiments outlined, the system can enable the controller to track and locate multiple controllers or rovers if so desired. In addition, the user of the controller can request to ascertain his own location to be provided on the map for navigation purposes as outlined above.
Given the two location technologies (GPS/Assisted GPS and land based location), it is very likely that many systems may turn out to be hybrids. In other words, use AGPS where possible and switch to land based location when necessary due to signal reception and then back again, or the location solution may be formed by the use of measurements from both navigation measurement sources (GPS and land based location).
For all of the various embodiments that have an application server it is an ultimate purpose to present to the user/controller, the location information ascertained by the application server so as to allow the controller to locate and track the rover as described above. This information can be presented in various visual formats depending on the type of controller device. For example, on wireless phones or handsets with larger screens or Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), the information can be provided via the mapping visuals as well as the FIND feature with a directional arrow and distance visuals (displays) as described above. On wireless devices such as cell phones or handsets with smaller screens, the general mapping information can be replaced by a text message providing the user/controller with the approximate location of the rover. This can be accomplished by providing the rover's address, street intersection, and/or region such as neighborhood/city/state/country etc. The directional arrow and distance visual along with all of its features and accompanying information as described herein can also be provided on the controller's smaller screen. It is this latter visual and accompanying information, which presents the higher precision relative information between the controller and rover.
In yet another embodiment, the raw data (such as pseudoranges for GPS capable systems, and timing or angular measurements in EOTD, AFLT, AOA, TDOA, etc. systems) whether collected by the handset to be provided to the controller or collected by the PDE can be forwarded to the controller for position calculation as well as the relative distance and bearing calculations by the controller.
In all of the embodiments described herein, the system can enable the controller to track and locate multiple controllers or rovers if so desired. In addition, the controller user can request to ascertain its own location to be provided on the map for navigation purposes as described herein.
For the system to function safely, privacy and security issues should also be considered. The privacy issue applies to a scenario where one controller needs to find another controller (which is regarded as a rover in this scenario). In this situation, where cell phones are being used each cell phone needs to allow the location transaction to take place. This can be done by the user during the wireless call where each user presses a button to enable the tracking to take place. This permission will be in place for the current call only and the handset will default back to disable for future calls. In this manner privacy concerns are handled by the users and no one can be tracked without knowledge. The privacy issue does not affect rovers in applications where they are placed on individuals for whom privacy is not regarded as required such as young children or the elderly or on equipment such as automobiles where privacy concerns are not regarded as being present. These cases do, however, have security concerns. Only the child's parents must be able to find the child and not anyone else who possesses a controller and happens to get the child's rover number. Among other solutions, one approach will be to password protect location transactions between a rover and a controller. The rover will only respond to a controller which sends it the correct password. The password will have been assigned to the rover by the appropriate controller (user/parent).
For purposes of this specification and for interpreting the claims the following definitions are adopted.
A rover is a mobile device which may be a handset that is adapted to have its location displayed on or otherwise available to a controller for the purpose of the controller user being able to find and track it along with the other features described between a controller and a rover, although not all features need be present in order that a device be considered to be a rover. A rover may be a device designated or considered to be a controller. Therefore a rover refers to the capability of the device to serve the functions defined herein for a rover regardless of any other functions or designation.
The terms "position" and "location" are used interchangeably unless the context indicates otherwise.
The term "absolute location" is understood in the field to refer to a location in a coordinate system, the most common being latitude and longitude in a map system.
The term "heading" is well understood in the field. A GPS receiver can determine its heading by obtaining a plurality of fixes while moving. In this description the controller is in some embodiments equipped with a compass to determine heading. In the context of use of GPS it is preferred to use GPS information to obtain heading because in general it is a more accurate measurement instrument for that attribute. The GPS heading can be used to calibrate an on-board compass.
Other definitions contained in this description are apparent from their contextual presentation.
Referring to
The rover unit 330 has a GPS receiver 332, a cellular transceiver 334 with a land based radio navigation sensor module 336, and a specially programmed CPU 340.
The carrier network 342 has a Position Determination Entity (PDE) 344, a Location Measurement Unit (LMU) 346 and an application server 348. The system can make use of these elements in variety of ways depending on the particular circumstances as seen in
Several modes of operation may be implemented based on the elements defined in
The systems described do not require any particular transport mechanism. They can be implemented using the available communication protocols required by the supporting carrier network. It should be noted however that all of the above options are quite easily supported and adjusted as more networks move towards full support of TCP/IP.
Benefits of Relative Positioning with Land Based Transceivers
As can be seen by the forgoing discussion, relative positioning plays a significant role in this system; there are a variety of reasons why this is so. In urban environments where one can expect to see multiple Base Station transceivers (typically between 3 to 7), the dominant error sources are timing errors due to the unsynchronized bursts from the transceivers and multipath (reflections off of neighboring buildings and other landscape features).
If two receivers track the same transceivers and only the common transceivers are used as measurement sources, the two receivers in question, and the location calculations for the two receivers are differenced, then the error due to the unsynchronized clock bursts are eliminated since they are common to both receivers. The dominant remaining error source is multipath. Multipath introduces errors because the Line of Sight (LOS) signals are either not present or are mixed with signals that have bounced off of the neighboring landscape (be they trees, hills or buildings). Each bounce adds a delay to the time that would be attributed to the LOS signal. The longer the added delay the worse the absolute position error becomes.
The advantage of a relative positioning technique that utilizes common measurement sources is that as the distance between two independent receivers gets smaller, the multipath environment becomes more and more similar. The greater the similarity the more accurate the relative position data becomes, since the two locations will be differenced, thus removing common errors.
When utilizing common measurement sources the measurements must be time correlated.
Additional Applications
The capabilities and methods outlined will enable the roll out of other applications including:
1. Voice Recognition—Incorporating voice recognition either at the handset or the server where the tracking application can be interacted with through voice prompts. For example "Find John", "Find Honda", "Find Me", etc.
2. Guidance for the blind—A handset can utilize the relative techniques disclosed to provide a blind person with accurate guidance as to how to navigate to a destination. For example, the user can preprogram locations of interest/way points be they home, supermarket, mom's house, etc., and when requested, the handset can give audible information to the user as to how to get to the destination of desire. For instance "walk straight 50 ft, now turn left 40 feet, etc." until the destination is reached. The way points can either be programmed as lat/long, address, or getting a lat/long fix when the user is at the destination for it to be placed in memory. The user can interact with the handset either through the keypad or voice recognition as previously described.
3. Find location of interest—The user can request location information of targets of interest such as stores or restaurants. The application can search a server database to locate the nearest 2 or 3 targets closest to the user's location (lat/long). The information can then be presented to the user on a map on the handset showing the user the targets as well as his own location. Navigation information to the target as well as bearing and distance can be provided. The user can interact with the handset either through the keypad or voice recognition as previously described. The FIND function of the system can also be used as an aid in finding a location of interest, which can be referred to as a FIND IT function. When the geocoded location such as (Latitude and Longitude) of a point of interest is known from some external source, the FIND function can display not only a map showing the location of the point of interest but also a bearing arrow showing the direction to be traveled to reach the point of interest. In addition, other useful data such as direct distance and/or distance given in compass direction can be shown. For example the user can be given information that the target location is 2.1 miles south and 0.5 miles east. Geocodes for points of interest or addresses can be obtained by having the controller call a server which has been set up for this purpose and the server will download to the controller the geocodes for each point of interest or address on the controllers FIND IT list or alternatively in the controller's address book. The address book is an application, which can be resident on the phone or PDA on which the system is installed.
4. Traffic information—The user can receive updated traffic information as he is traveling. The information can be provided on the handset utilizing the map showing his location as well as nearby and upcoming streets/highways. Streets/highways where traffic is slow/congested can be highlighted in red. The user may be able to request detail information about a red zone by clicking on it or highlighting it. The user can interact with the handset either through the keypad or voice recognition as previously described.
5. Other public/private information—Various other public data can be provided on the handset. For example, the user can request the location of a particular bus or train line in his area. This way he can assess which bus or train to catch. This information can be provided on the map in real-time. This capability can be extended to any other public or private application such as school buses, car services, taxis, etc. The only requirement is that the application needs access to a database where the information is maintained. The user can interact with the handset either through the keypad or voice recognition as previously described.
6. Self Navigation—In addition to finding "Me" which displays the user's current location on a map, the user can also enter a fixed destination such as an address. The destination can be entered either through the keypad or voice recognition. The system can then display the location of the destination in addition to the user's current position on the map for self navigation purposes. The system can also provide turn-by-turn instructions to the user to help in navigating to the destination.
The invention can be implemented in a service for users whose handsets are appropriately equipped with a specially programmed application server deployed by the service provider in communication with the communication network being employed. The application server does the filtering to obtain the most commonality of satellites or of land based sources of measurement data. The implementation of an application server as described above to filter measurement data and make calculations can be in a manner where the application server is co-located with the PDE or it can be located at a desirable location on the internet or any other accessible network. In this manner, application servers for other purposes, such as storing mapping data, can also be co-located with the PDE or can be located at a desirable location on the internet or any other accessible network. It is envisaged that such an application server could be implemented to calculate and provide data for a fee or as part of a chargeable service offered by service providers such as the cellular telephone network operators like AT&T, Verizon, Sprint and others.
Another method for achieving precise relative location of the rover with respect to the controller is to compute relative differential corrections from the measurement taken at the controller and applied to the measurements taken at the rover. This is done by using pseudorange residuals from the measurements taken at the controller to create corrections and then applying the corrections to the rover measurements. The corrections can be generated either within the controller or within the network. The corrections can then be sent either in a proprietary message format or as standard RTCM 104 DGPS correction messages. Similarly the corrections can be applied at the network or at the rover or at the controller for the measurements taken at the rover. By "relative" DGPS corrections it is meant that even though the controller is not at a known static location, the controller's location can be calculated from the measurements taken at the controller, and the pseudorange residuals, relative to this computed location can then be used to create corrections
Although particular embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated herein, it is recognized that modifications and variations may readily occur to those skilled in the art, and consequently it is intended that the claims be interpreted to cover such modifications and equivalents thereof under the doctrine of equivalents or under 35 U.S.C.112.
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|U.S. Classification
|455/456.1, 455/457, 455/456.3, 455/432.1, 455/414.2, 455/456.2, 340/426.19, 342/357.27, 342/357.72
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 27, 2003
Owner name: NORBELLE LLC, NEW YORK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MOHI, NORMAN;JUDGE, KEVIN;HUME, JAMES;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:014623/0588
Effective date: 20030507
|Aug 20, 2012
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jan 3, 2013
|Surcharge for late payment
|Jan 3, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Aug 19, 2016
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jan 6, 2017
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Feb 28, 2017
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20170106


text:
Wednesday 1 July 2009
It was Wednesday, under the sign of Cancer. The US president was Barack Obama (Democratic).
In that special week of July people in US were listening to Boom Boom Pow by The Black Eyed Peas.
Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, directed by David Yates, was one of the most viewed movies released in 2009
while Dune Road by Jane Green was one of the best selling books.
On TV people were watching Video Games AWESOME!.
If you liked videogames you were probably playing Axel & Pixel or Black College Football: BCFX: The Xperience.
But much more happened that day: find out below..
You can also have a look at the whole 2009 or at July 01 across the years.
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Have a look at the old newspapers from 1 July 2009 and get them!
TV Series
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Which were the most popular movies released in the last 30 days ?
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Wish him/her..
Historical Events
Which were the important events of 1 July 2009 ?
- Canada Day (formerly Dominion Day) - national holiday of Canada. Moving Day in the province of QuTbec
- 1899 - Indiana Jones's birthday.
- In Bulgaria, there is a tradition called July Morning dating from the hippy period in 1980s and maybe as far back as the 1970s. Young (and not so young) people from all over the country travel (often hitchhike) to the Black Sea coast to meet the first sun rays on the 1st of July. Naturally Uriah Heep's July Morning is the main refrain. Although the tradition is linked to the hippy movement in America, it is still popular in Bulgaria. Strangely, it seems that there is no such tradition in other
- Surinam Keti Koti (Breaking of Chains) Day of Liberty; On July 1, 1863 slavery was abolished.
- Memorial Day in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
- Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day.
Famous Birthdays:See famous people born on 01 July
Famous Deaths:
- Mollie Sugden: English actress and singer (d. 2009).
- Onni Palaste: Finnish soldier and author (d. 2009).
- Shares of American International Group drop 22 percent, following shareholder approval of a 1-for-20 reverse stock split, and after the New York Stock Exchange accidentally announced the suspension and delisting of the stock.
- Crabtree & Evelyn of Connecticut, USA files for bankruptcy protection.
- Croatian Prime Minister Ivo Sanader resigns giving no specific reason. Jadranka Kosor is announced as the next Prime Minister, the first woman ever to hold the post.
- TerreStar-1, the largest commercial telecommunication satellite ever built, is successfully launched. (spaceflightnow.com )
- The European Union declares Ireland free of brucellosis, a disease which cost the country millions of euro to eradicate. (''The Irish Times'')
- The Organization of American States gives Honduras three days to restore its deposed president, Manuel Zelaya. (The New York Times)
- Swedish Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt assumes the rotating presidency over the European Union. (Reuters)
- Officials in Comoros confirm that one passenger from Yemenia Flight 626, a 14-year-old girl, has been found alive. (BBC)
- Croatian Prime Minister Ivo Sanader resigns amidst European Union negotiations standstill and economic crisis. (BBC)
- The Met Office issues a level-3 heatwave alert across London and the South East of England for the first time since June 2006. (BBC)
- Taoiseach Brian Cowen informs Dáil Éireann that Ireland has 11.9% unemployment, with June's growth the slowest rate of increase since January. (RTÉ)
- Three staff from the British Embassy in Tehran, Iran, are released after being detained for allegedly having a role in the post-election protests. (BBC)
- The remains of Jane Deasy are positively identified in the bodies recovered from Air France Flight 447. (RTÉ)
- Up to 30 people are feared dead after the MV ''Demas Victory'' capsizes and sinks in choppy Persian Gulf waters off the Qatari capital Doha. (Sky News)
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Music Charts
Which were the top hits in that special week of July 2009 ?
Top #10 songs in the USA
- The Black Eyed Peas - Boom Boom Pow
- The Black Eyed Peas - I Gotta Feeling
- Best I Ever Had - Drake
- Keri Hilson - Knock You Down
- Pitbull - I Know You Want Me (Calle Ocho)
- Lady GaGa - LoveGame
- Sean Kingston - Fire Burning
- Birthday Sex - Jeremih
- Shinedown - Second Chance
- Every Girl - Young Money
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Remember when
What videogames would you be playing back in the days ?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The world's data is growing at a remarkable pace, faster than we once could have ever imagined. Three years ago, 5 exabytes of data were produced in two days; today, we produce 5 exabytes every 10 minutes. To put this into perspective, 1 exabyte is equal to 1 billion gigabytes; 5 exabytes is equal to all the words ever spoken by human beings. IDC projects that by 2020, 31 billion devices and 4 billion people will be connected to the Internet, pushing the exponential data curve to its limits.
While more than 70% of this data is created by individuals, it is business enterprises that have responsibility for most of its storage, protection and management. Not all digital data is sensitive, but at least 40% of it is—from corporate financial data and medical records to personally identifiable information such as user account data. Globally, less than half of this sensitive information is properly protected.
In the current environment, with daily media reports of giant data breaches, the importance of data security is obvious. According to Ponemon Institute, the average cost of a data breach is $3.5 million. So no responsible player would cut corners in this area. But, it's easy for enterprises to get panicked into spending more for security, even if it's not very cost effective or efficient. And conversely, to get forced into poor security because of cost or productivity constraints.
Let me provide a few common situations for example. Unable to effectively sanitize data onsite, a company will use secure transport, sometimes with armed escort and lockboxes, to ship assets to a third-party facility for erasure. Does this pose a security threat? Maybe not, but the company is still transporting assets containing sensitive data—and at quite a premium.
So, instead a company attempts to wipe hard drives onsite, thus reducing transport cost and security risk. Only one problem: even the so-called industry leading sanitization tools can take days, and sometimes even weeks, to erase the server configurations in today's data centers. Even worse, these tools may not even support large-capacity or solid state drives (SSDs), and even if they do, will typically fail to erase 40-50% of the time. Forcing these drives to be destroyed—along with their residual value.
Now, imagine where you have tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands or even millions of these drives—which most hyperscale data center infrastructures do. Then consider that 2-3% of those drives may fail in production on any given day and require immediate attention.
This is life in the big data center. How you handle these situations can and will have a dramatic impact on your security as well as the "Total Return" from your disposition project. Total Return is a methodology for measuring results by overall performance, not just price. It involves calculating the actual value gained (or lost) from a combination of operational efficiency, security, environmental factors and, yes, the bottom line.
Total Return from a data security perspective balances the level of security you receive with the total investment you make to achieve it. There are several critical factors to take into consideration:
- Reliability. Simply put, the tool you use to sanitize drives must be able to operate in the modern data center environment—oft populated with high-capacity storage and solid state drives. The solution must run effectively on any manufacture, size or type of drive, independent of the operating system, and as reliably on decommissioned drives as those flagged at risk by your health monitoring asset management systems.
- Speed and scalability. The tool must run fast and process any number of drives in parallel rather than in sequential order. As this case study shows, our platform took a cluster wipe from 10 days down to two, reducing internal IT labor by 80%.
- Yield. This important factor is rarely discussed, and almost never in the context of security. But it should be, for two reasons: 1) if erasure fails, the drive is typically destroyed, but unless you have video documentation there is risk data-bearing drives could slip out the back door and into the hands of profiteers, and 2) you cannot otherwise reuse or remarket those drives for residual value. If you're only getting 50-60% yield and have millions of drives, well you can do the math. We discuss yield in greater depth in Part 2 of this blog series.
- Process. Are you sanitizing at the time of decommission? Erasing in-cabinet or removing the drives? If your erasure solution is too slow or incompatible, are you forced into secure transport, shredding/degaussing or storage? How much of your sanitization process is automated, or otherwise at risk to undetected failure or human error?
Our proprietary platform, Teraware, drives Total Return by allowing you to sanitize storage devices in your own environment and by consistently generating a 90+% wipe yield, which means you can resell a lot more drives and destroy far less. Teraware can be integrated with your asset management infrastructure and run over a private network, configured on a hardware/software compliance custom-engineered for your specific data center environment and your asset volumes, or can even be deployed from a USB drive. It can erase in-cabinet (preferred for security and productivity reasons) or loose drives, and is the only solution certified to erase solid state drives to a forensic level. All told that means you have an efficient, scalable and highly secure solution for achieving consistently higher yields and SSD compatibility.
With the proper tools and internal processes, no longer must the purely financial interests of your company be at war with the security of your data, nor efforts to reduce your carbon footprint. For the first time, you can have your cake, and eat it too!
We hope you'll return to this space to read the next installments of our blog series, or better yet subscribe to receive automated alerts as they are posted. In the meantime, you can learn more by visiting our Total Return page and reading this case study to see how we delivered a $14+-million annual Total Return to one of the world's largest cloud providers. Then contact us to receive a free Total Return appraisal for your next data center disposition project.
Read our case study to see how we helped one customer achieve a $14+ million Total Return annual savings ❯❯
5 Key Impacts to Total Return
Learn what contributes to and detracts from Total Return in our blog series: How to Improve Your Total Return from Data Center Disposition.


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Added to Shopping Bag
Dior Christian Cannage Quilted Tote Hobo Bag
Listed by Lynda S
Price: $350.50
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Christian Cannage Quilted Tote Hobo Bag
Measurements: 12 x 11 x 3.75
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Retail Price: $2,500.00
Dior Christian Cannage Quilted Tote Hobo Bag
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Christian Dior Dior quilted Leather Cannage Tote Bag in soft baby blue. This is a gorgeous bag! In gently used condition there are a few stains and wear marks on the exterior that I made sure to photograph. The handle shows signs of stretching/wear. The interior is still in lovely condition. Overall lovely with lots of enjoyment yet to come. It is made of soft quilted leather with cannage pattern embroidery. It features a large dangling silver "D" letter charm which adds some bling to this glamorous bag. It's ultra spacious interior makes for a perfect everyday carryall. Comes with original dust bag. Non Smoking home . This will be packed and shipped almost immediately so you can enjoy your new bag faster. Thanks for looking!
12"L x 11"H x 3.75"W
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Welcome to
All Saints Cotgrave
Little Lights
Every week in school term, at 10am in church except for our family service (the first Sunday of the month) when we start at 10:30am.
For further details please phone the Rectory Tel: 0115 9892223.
Pupils at Cotgrave Church of England Primary School were invited to enter a competition to design a new banner. The winner was Lucas and a colourful new banner has been made to his design and is now in church. Well done Lucas!


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Migraine Treatment
Do You Suffer from Migraine Headaches?
When your usual treatment doesn't provide relief, Lifetime Health's Migraine Treatment Center offers an alternative to the wait and expense of the emergency room. Lifetime Health's Acute Migraine Treatment Center is specially designed to treat the symptoms and address the needs of acute migraine sufferers aged 16 and older.
- Dedicated treatment rooms equipped to administer a wide-range of migraine-specific medications, including standard injections, intravenous medications and fluids.
- Same-day appointments available to accommodate you.
- Treatment report sent to your physician.
- Developed in collaboration with a leading area neurologist and recognized migraine specialist.
- All major insurances accepted.
The Migraine Treatment Center is located within the Urgent Care by Lifetime Health facility at the Wilson Health Center, 800 Carter Street in Rochester.
Migraine Center Hours
Daily: 10 am - 7 pm
Call 585-339-4020 to schedule a same-day appointment, and get relief from your migraine headaches today!
Registered nurses assess calls and appointments are scheduled to meet patients' needs. The appointment line opens at 9am. Appointments are not needed, walk-ins are welcome. To accommodate patients more quickly and comfortably, we recommend calling ahead for an appointment.
Migraine Treatment Practices
Wilson Health Center
800 Carter Street
Rochester, NY 14621


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The rapid pace of innovation forces technology companies to continually drive change and keeps investors on the hunt for the next promising deal. Take a look at what local tech executives and venture capitalists forecast for 2013:
Jonathan Aberman , Managing director, Amplifier Ventures, a venture capital firm
"I've been saying for awhile that Washington's technology community is going to be changed by the change in how government consumes technology ... There will be a broader discovery on the part of the entrepreneurial community that there are willing customers in parts of the government."
Marci Harris, CEO, Popvox, a civic engagement Web site
"Greater access to broadband and more people online with smartphones and tablets creates tremendous opportunity — not just for business but for society as a whole. Access to technology is bringing increased involvement in public life and greater accountability for elected officials, businesses and organizations. This is more than a trend — it is a transformation."
Sean Glass, CEO, EmployInsight, a recruitment software upstart; managing partner, Acceleprise, an enterprise software incubator
"For the past couple of years it's been pretty hard for venture capital funds to raise new funds ... It takes a couple years for that to hit the entrepreneurs, where you're going out to raise money and there is less money available. We're starting to feel that. There's just not as many funds out there with money. That's something that's going to be an important trend this year."
Mark Levine, Managing director, Core Capital, a venture capital firm
"One area that's always been one to watch is really business analytics. It's really the business intelligence of the 21st century. This fits the trend ... with people with their offices in their hands with the iPhone and other devices. Pushing out that kind of intelligence and analytics in real time is critical."
Ed Barrientos, CEO, Brazen Careerist, a networking Web site; angel investor
"I'm very optimistic about 2013. I see signs of the economy improving. Those start-ups like mine that were born in the tough times (2008 - 2012) and survived despite the tough environment are very well poised to take advantage of the upswing in the economy. The biggest challenges will be for start-ups focused on consumer versus enterprise markets."
Shane Green, CEO, Personal, a data start-up
"For those focused on the mobile, data-driven world, the opportunities are as big as they have ever been, and are only getting bigger. There are just so few people out there who really get the power of data, and the quantity and quality are increasing exponentially every year — so it's not enough to play catch-up as things accelerate."


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Sharpie : Permanent Markers, Fine Point, Assorted, 24/Set. Mark Whatever You Want with the original Sharpie. Permanent on most hard-to-mark surfaces so you can personalize or decorate a variety of things. 1.0mm tip for fine, bold marking. Pocket clip. Fast drying, fade and water-resistant ink. Assortment: Almond; Aqua; Berry; Black; Blue; Boysenberry; Brown; Green; Lilac; Lime; Magenta; Mint; Navy; Orange; Peach; Pink; Pink Lemonade; Purple; Red; Sky; Slate Gray; Tangerine; Turquoise; Yellow; Sky Blue; Color(s): Assorted.
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Pathways Training Solutions are a flexible and friendly training provider based in Hull who deliver courses around Yorkshire on a weekly basis.
We are CSCS Card Training specialists and have 10 years experience on supporting delegates to obtain their CSCS Card (now a 5 year labourers card)
We respond to the needs of our clients and can arrange courses on request.
We can deliver anywhere around the UK (subject to minimum numbers) but regulary deliver in the following locations.
To offer maximum flexibility courses in Hull and East Yorkshire be delivered during the week, evenings and weekends.
Courses include: (Click for more information)
At Pathways Training we have a training solution to suit everybody's needs including:
Latest Course Dates
Pathways Training
1st Floor Norwich House
1 Saville Street
Tel: 01482 274565
Mob: 07570 893984


text: Magnetic Eye Tracking: A New Approach Employing a Planar TransmitterAnton Plotkin, Oren Shafrir, Eugene Paperno, Daniel M. KaplanIEEE Trans. Biomed. Engineering2010A new scleral search coil (SSC) tracking approach employing a planar transmitter has been developed theoretically and tested experimentally. A thin and flat transmitter is much more convenient in installation, operation, and maintenance than the conventional large cubic one. A planar transmitter also increases the mobility of SSC systems, simplifies their… (More)


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Welcome. Welcome!.
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
The FMT system utilizes Roles to determine ownership and levels of responsibility within the FMT system.The Well Licensee/Unit Operator is automatically defaulted to the role of PE Administrator, Payor for non-corporate owned Titles and Lessee when a new production entity is added to the system.These roles may be transferred to another party upon their concurrence at any time throughout the life for the effective range of the Production Entity (PE) and associated titles.An email notification will be sent to the assigned or transferred role holder at the time of creation or transfer, instructing the Transferee to log in and perform concurrence through the Work In Progress screen.
The PE Administrator will be set as the default lessee for the following situations:
The Transfer Role function is used to initiate a transfer of the PE Administrator, Lessee and Payor roles from one party to another. To initiate the role transfer, click on the Role Transfer tree node, and click Search to find the FMT PE. (see Query FMT section for details).The query results are displayed on the 'Search Results' screen.An email notification will be sent at night to the newly assigned role holder. Emails are not sent when the assigned role is the same for an existing association to that PE or Title. Emails for more than one role assigned to the same BA will be combined in one email.An Effective Date selection is required for all transfers.
TIP:A user will not be allowed to transfer the role of another client.TIP: Use the Group by PE in order to perform the PE Admin and lessee transfers.Use the Group by title when performing the payor transfers.
More Information (Pages 9 to 12)
The 'Search Results' screen is used to select the roles being transferred for specific titles or PE's. You should not select any returned records that you do not want to transfer.You may transfer roles by using the ALL selection at the top of the results page, or, you can individually select one or more individual roles for transfer.The SAVE button will save your selections and begin your transfer process. The SUBMIT button sends the transfer request to the transferee.You may also use the COPY TRANSFER option for transferring the same data to more than one Transferee i.e. with different effective date ranges.
TIP:The PE Admin will only be transferable if results are grouped by PE on search results screen.TIP:You may use the "ALL' select option, and then deselect individual roles you want to exclude from the transfer.
More Information (Pages 14 to 21)
Once your selection has been saved, the selected PEs will be displayed on the 'Transfer Role Request' screen.You must add the Transferee and effective date in the Transferee Tab. All other fields are optional.A PE can be deleted by clicking on the check box and selecting the Remove Selection button.Saving the Transfer Request assigns a Request number to the transfer and creates a link to the document.
TIP: Saving your file in a text format using Notepad will create the proper file format.
You have completed the ETS – Transfer Roles Online Training Course


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PoliceAdd to shopping bag
watch dual time man Police Mamba
Code: R1451249001
€ 143.54 € 199.00 You save € 55.46
shipping cost: € 20.90
Delivery within Thursday 14 December, if you order within 14 hours and 13 minutes
Product Info
Product: watch dual time man Police Mamba R1451249001
Police watch Men Of Collection Mamba. The Clock Has A Case In Acciaiodi Color Black, Black Is The Color Of Dial. The Shape Of Cash Is Round Of Size Of Mm strap 50. The Clock Is Leather Color Of The Black Watch is a Time Trial By Movement Quartz Without Dater. The watch's water resistance is Of Atm 5. News in September 2015, Ref: R1451249001
this dual time will be shipped with the original box Police
30 days to return the product
this dual time is shipped worldwide with UPS
See more articlesPolice man Police Mamba Police watches Police watches dual time Dual time Police Mamba
Features dual time R1451249001 Police
brand: Police
package: original box Police
Product Guarantee: International Warranty Police
kind: man
category: watches
Subcategory: dual time
style: trendy
producer code: R1451249001
collection: Mamba
Bracelet Colour: Black
Case Material: Steel
Case size: >45mm
Movement: Quartz
Watch Bracelet material: Leather
Watch Digits: Hour Markers with stick shape
Watch Shape: Circular
Water Resistance: 50m - 5ATM - 5bar
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text:
shereej Review
wool rug
Beautiful rug and blends nicely with tan and gold tones
- How did the color on site compare with the actual product? accurate beige/ tans and gold border. Would not say there is much brown in the rug. Colors are muted but very pretty
- Please tell us about the quality of the product. high quality product, not much pilling
- How accurate was the on site description of the product? good but really no brown in the rug and is a little lighter in shade than the picture
Was This Review Helpful?


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LONG BEACH >> After more than two years of debate, hearings and fundraising, a new dog park will open this Saturday in El Dorado Regional Park.
The new fenced facility is divided into large-dog and small-dog areas. It is behind the entrance gate to El Dorado Regional Park, and an admission fee is required ($5 Monday through Thursday, $6 Friday, $7 Saturday and Sunday, $8 holidays).
Fifth District Councilwoman Gerrie Schipske led the charge for the dog park, designating $65,000 of one-time infrastructure money for its construction. A group called Friends of El Dorado Dog Park has lobbied for and raised money for the park for more than two years.
Originally, a dog park was planned across Spring Street, next to the P.D. Pitchford Companion Animal Village. That location became controversial because it was next to the large community garden and near the El Dorado Nature Center.
After several community meetings and hearings before the Parks and Recreation Commission, the commission approved the move to the new location in El Dorado Park last July. The new park includes fencing, a parking area and a drinking fountain.
Saturday's grand opening begins at 10 a.m. The park is ADA accessible and there is parking nearby. The entrance is on Spring Street between Studebaker Road and the 605 Freeway.
Tell the gate attendant that you are attending the dog park opening, and the entrance fee will be waived for Saturday morning only.
— Harry Saltzgaver


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One-way mirror
a sheet of glass that can be seen through from one side and is a mirror on the other, used especially for observation of criminal suspects by law-enforcement officials or witnesses.
Tagged: o
Read Also:
- One way or another
Also, one way or the other. Somehow, in some fashion, as in One way or another I'm sure we'll meet again, or He wasn't sure how to go about building a wall, but he was sure he would manage in one way or the other. [ Mid-1500s ]
- One-way street
Related Terms not a one-way street
- One-way ticket
noun 1. a ticket entitling a passenger to travel only to his destination, without returning Also called (chiefly Brit) single ticket
- One-world
adjective regarding all the world as related and interdependent


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In brightest day, in blackest night … in a wrestling ring do Lanterns unite?!
Comics and wrestling are no stranger to one another, but a recent promotion by WWE shows just how deep comics run inside America's premiere wrestling company. Today on WWE.com, the company posted a feature called "WWE Lanterns: Superstar Spectrum". This unprecedented cross-over is something unique.
""Everyone, especially the WWE universe, is going green these days with the blockbuster film reelease of "Green Lantern", based on DC Comics' iconic power ring slinging character," says WWE.com. "But Green Lantern isn't alone int he galaxy; Featuring different emotions that fuel their individual abilities, there are nine distinctly hued Lantern Corps in comics lore."
It goes on to classify some of WWE's top wrestlers superstars in the nine branches of the color-coded Lantern Corps. The most popular Green Lantern Corps of the WWE is comprised of top star John Cena along with the Miz, Big Show, Kofi Kingson, Beth Phoenix and Hornswoggle. Take your time to click through all the links to see where each character ends up; pay specific attention to the Black Lanterns, lead by the Undertaker but also featuring hilarious black-eyed superstars surrounding him.
No sign of former WWE superstar Shane "Hurricane" Helms on the chart, despite him having a Green Lantern tattoo.
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La Familia Garden View Palapa Casitas
Newly refreshed, these Playa del Carmen guestrooms provide a true Yucatan experience and are perfect for couples or families traveling together. The La Familia Garden View Palapa Casitas are actually two individual free-standing Garden View Palapa casitas; one with a King bed; and the other with two Queen beds, under a thatched palapa roof. Each Garden View has is own terrace with hammocks; and the casistas share a large patio which connects them and a plunge pool. It's perfect for two couples who are vacationing together!. The two rooms are accessed through a wooden gate, ensuring a little more privacy. There is seating near the plunge pool, and a stone wall accents the plunge pool. (You may even see one of our resident Iguanas sunning himself in the afternoon atop the wall!)
NOTE: To reserve both rooms, you must call Mahekal Beach Resort directly at 1 (877) 235-4452.
The La Familia Garden View Casita rooms provide a relaxing retreat loaded with amenities, just steps from Boli's Bar and Itzi Poolside Bar, our lobby and the rest of Mahekal Beach Resort's on-site amenities, plus are just a short stroll to our palm tree lined beach. These bungalow accommodations in Playa del Carmen are secluded, surrounded with lush tropical greenery, natural flora, and the relaxing sounds of nature.
La Familia Garden View Palapa Casitas:
- Breakfast and dinner, or lunch daily
- Two individual Casitas; one with a King Bed and one with two Queen Beds
- Room Dimensions: 200 square feet (each room); (19 square meters)
- Outside Terrace Dimensions: 121 square feet (each room); 11 square meters)