text:
Telephone & Addresses
canada411.ca: B L Kohler
(902) 420-6885, Halifax, NS
canada411.ca: L & G Kohler
(204) 643-5539, Fraserwood, MB
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Linda Kohler | Chesapeake Charities | ZoomInfo.com
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Donor Acknowledgements - September 2006 - August 2007
Mr.& Mrs. Hans & Linda Kohler Mr. Hitesh Kothary Joesph Kotyk in Memory of Alexander & John Kotyk In Memory of Alfred B. Lehman & June Elise Mines
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classmates: Linda Kohler
Horlick High School, Racine, WI, 1970-1974
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Washington Park High School, Racine, WI, 1970-1974
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Actress, Bereaved
IMDB Filmography: Linda Köhler
Actress, Heino Jaeger - Look Before You Kuck
Bad news
Oltmann Funeral Home
... MO, two daughters: Brandy Kohler of the home and Amanda Viner and her husband Dan of St. Clair, MO; his mother, Donna Sunhausen of Hermann, MO; step-mother, Linda Kohler
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Be Home Before Dark
from Linda Kohler, Linda J. Kohler, 2011, Kindle Edition
The Adventures of Coco & Annie: Volume I The Great Hair Adventure
from Linda A Kohler, 2013, Kindle Edition
The Adventures of Coco & Annie: Volume I the Great Hair Adventure
from Linda a. Kohler, Createspace, 2013, Paperback
Be Home Before Dark
from Linda Jean Kohler, Mill City Press, Inc., 2011, Paperback
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OBITS: Salt Lake Tribune 26 Jun 2005; Salt Lake City, ... (Susan) Kohler; James F. (Shirley Ann) Kohler of Bountiful; and Linda Kohler Densley of Midway.
Linda Kohler V David Bleem PDF - kobibook.site
Linda Kohler V David Bleem This particular Linda Kohler V David Bleem Download PDF start with Introduction, Brief Session till theIndex/ Glossary page, look at the ...
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Andrea Reist Denise Watson Karen Spencer Linda Kohler Bonnie Dion Ela Smith Kathy Payette Ohayla Al-Khatib Bonnie ...
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Linda Kohler at the 2009 Service-Learning and Civic Engagement...
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Google Groups: Linda Kohler Anderson, Ex-head Of Kohler Charity, 66
07.03.2005: When Linda Kohler Anderson married her college sweetheart, she understood
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10.09.1996: Linda Kohler ... ont forsale Hi, I am a Brock University
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Linda Kohler Mrs. Linda Henslee Kohler, age 62, of Columbus, Neb., entered into rest Wednesday, Feb. 18, 2004, at Bryan West Medical ...
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Poems by Linda Kohler
Linda Kohler's Poems. Where's My Poem? Click here to search poems submitted before 2012. Win These Pins! Normally $39.90 each. NOW FREE! Get this Award …
Caroline M Koch, NPI 1841286820 in Kingman AZ
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Donor Recognition 2007 | Canadian Diabetes Association
Donor Recognition 2007. Share Print. Skip section navigation. Mission. Our Goals; History; Banting House. Captain Banting: War Hero; ... Mr.& Mrs. Hans & Linda Kohler
Maria E Avilez, NPI 1730126756 in Phoenix AZ
Linda Kohler 1225135924 Robert Phillips 1689664625. Advanced Search. Name, Address or Zip code: States: Medicare Services: Share this . Home; Terms & …
Movie doggy poo - androidhope.info
This video of Dogs Who Saved Christmas A Modern Doggy Christmas Movie was uploaded by Linda Kohler on December 24, 2010. Play Video. Doggy Daycare The …
Town and Country Garden Club - Past Presidents
Town and Country Garden Club ... Linda Kohler Anderson (Mrs.Roger) Eleanor Jung (Mrs. Otto Henry) Joan Olsen French (Mrs. James) Barbara Jung (Mrs. Wesley)
inspiRing CaRe, ReseaRCh and teaChing - helpstpauls.com
n hans & Linda Kohler n Jack & tina Koning n the Kronier Family n patrick & matilda Lau n William & Vera Lavery n maria Lee n george Lengvari sr. n david & teresa ...
749 Ashley Ln, Orlando, FL - Owner: Chance Nicole
Property record for 749 Ashley Ln, Orlando, FL which is owned by Chance Nicole. ... Philabaum Linda - Kohler-Rand Mandi: 09/18/2006: $216000: Rich Nickie: …
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Linda Kohler Anderson, 66, first wife of Kohler Co. Chairman and CEO Herb Kohler Jr., died... | Article from Plumbing & Mechanical April 1, 2005
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Special offers, customer reviews & opening times for Linda Kohler Beauty Salon in Pennsylvania 17331. Offering: Accounting Auditing and Bookkeeping...
pavel-burrrreeeeee : fullpelt: Linda Kohler | Original
fullpelt: " Linda Kohler | Original "
6152 C Durham Dr | Owner: Kohler Linda, Kohler Martin L
Public profile for 6152 C Durham Dr, which includes owner name, sales info, and property characteristics.
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Beauty Salons in Hanover. Complete list of Beauty Salons local listings.
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text:
DROPS design: Pattern no db-007
Yarn group C
Measurements: approx. 140 x 100 cm / 55" x 39½"
Materials: DROPS BIG DELIGHT from Garnstudio
900 g color no 01, rose garden
And use: DROPS NEPAL from Garnstudio
200 g color no 3112, powder pink
DROPS CROCHET HOOK size 5 mm / H/8 – or size needed to get 1 square to measure approx. 10 x 10 cm / 4'' x 4''.
DROPS BigDelight: Colour chart / Alternative Yarns (Yarn Group C)
DROPS Nepal: Colour chart / Alternative Yarns (Yarn Group C)
NOTE: This pattern is written in American English. All measurements in charts are in cm. For conversion from inches to cm - click here. There are different terms for crocheting in American and British English. If this pattern includes crochet, click for "crochet terms" here. For this pattern in British English, please click here.
|= ch
|= sl st
|= sc
|= dc
For further pattern help, please contact the store where you bought the yarn. Having bought DROPS yarn, you are guaranteed to receive qualified help from a store specializing in the DROPS patterns.
All patterns are carefully reviewed, but we must make reservation for possible mistakes. All patterns are translated from Norwegian and you can always check the original pattern for measurements and calculations.If you think you have found an error in the pattern, please post your remark or question in our Comments section. Go to original pattern for design DROPS 148-39.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
New to Investing
In general, before you start investing, you should first be able to identify your needs, so that you are able to make better informed decisions.
Identify Needs
1. Retirement (Plan for retirement)
Investor Education
1. Introduction to Personal Investing
Copyright ©2017. Brought to you by Phillip Securities Pte Ltd. Co. Reg. No. 197501035Z (A member of PhillipCapital). All Rights Reserved.


text:
Architect / Firm: Patrick Mervin + Associates and D.arc Group / RBA LLC
Awards: Peoples Choice Year: 2012 Entry Categories: Built Project
Patrick Mervin + Associates and D.arc Group / RBA LLC
Contact Person
Alissa McNair
Architectural Firm
Jim Murphy & Associates
464 Kenwood Court #B, Santa Rosa CA 95407
Project Location: Healdsburg, CA
Completion Date: 07/04/2012
Total Building Area: 30,000 sf
Use: Winery Headquarters
Program: The program called for a new 15,000 square foot wine production area that includes a wine production room and barrel storage rooms, a loading dock, laboratory, chemical storage area and shops. The associated 15,000 square foot administrative area program called for a hospitality center, barrel tasting room, wine library and administrative offices. The final program element, a wine tasting pavilion, will be built as Phase II.
Special Challenges: In order to maximize the site's vineyard areas, the new structure had to be located on the only area unsuitable for planting, a hillside dramatically interspersed with 200 year old oak trees and massive lichen covered rock outcroppings. In order to reduce the negative impact a monolithic structure of this scale would have had in this setting, we broke down the complex into three distinct and interconnected structures. Each of these elements responds to existing site pressures and play separate and unique architectural roles on the site.
Design Solution:
Administration Building: sitting at the front and lowest point of the hill, this barrel-vaulted structure greets all visitors with its glazed "barrel wall"; a creative design strategy of using an iconic element of winemaking as an image generating tool and signifying element. This two story building houses the Hospitality Lobby at the lower level and all Administrative functions on the second floor. The public sequence takes visitors axially through the "barrel wall", the Hospitality Lobby and then through a "bottle wall", made up of backlit bottles of the winery's finest vintages.
Production Building: as the largest piece of the complex, the one story Production Building sits directly behind the Administration Building and nestles into the hillside blending with the topography of the site. The top of this one story structure is a green roof terrace, which functions as a "forecourt" and amenity to the employees entering directly into the second floor of the Administration Building. All of the wine production, storage, bottling and shipping, occur in this part of the facility. The visitor sequence passes through the lower level production areas, then up to the green roof terrace.
Future Wine Tasting Pavilion: to be located just north of the dramatic rock outcroppings and ancient oak trees, this structure will enjoy unobstructed views of the Russian River Valley. Connected to the green roof / terrace and the rest of the complex via a bridge across this natural buffer, the glass and stone Wine Tasting Pavilion will house all event-related hospitality functions and will be the culmination of the public tour. Wood fins surround and cradle the pavilion, modulating the exposure of the glass to both solar orientation and view.
Sustainable features: use of recycled 100 year old redwood fermentation tank staves, re-use of on-site stone, use of local materials, a green roof, two separate photovoltaic arrays, super insulated tilt-up concrete panels and embedding the production building in the hillside.
Welborn Associates
Summit Engineering, Inc. - Structural Engineer
Suite 16 Electrical Engineering - Electrical Engineer
Guttmann & Blaevoet - Mechanical Engineer
Atterbury and Associates - Civil Engineer
Bauer Associates - Geotechnical Engineer
Lauren Brandwein Design and Studio 516
Indoor Environmental Services - Refrigeration Design-Build


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 27, 1981
|Filing date
|Jun 4, 1980
|Priority date
|Jun 4, 1980
|Publication number
|Nick T. Macchiarolo, Billy G. McGuire, John M. Scalise
|Original Assignee
|Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (12), Non-Patent Citations (23), Referenced by (82), Classifications (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention discloses a novel method for the substantial elimination of the major cause of biofouling in water circulating systems and, in particular, those systems circulating water for cooling purposes, such as, for example, water cooling towers, air conditioning systems, and the like.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Biological fouling of circulating cooling water systems is a common problem resulting from excessive growth and development of different types of lower plant life (e.g., algae, bacteria and fungi.) Circulating cooling water systems are excellent places for the incubation and growth of biological organisms because such systems contain nutrients (typically organic contamination) from air drawn into the system and from organic materials naturally occurring in the water. In addition, the water temperature in cooling towers is warm enough to provide an ideal incubation environment. Biological growth can foul pipelines, increase water circulating costs, cause and/or accelerate corrosion of metal, attack wood and substantially reduce heat transfer thereby contributing to decreased efficiency of the cooling tower system.
Common forms of microorganisms found in a cooling tower system include algae, slime-forming fungi and bacteria, wood destroying organisms, and sulfate reducing organisms along with many other forms of bacteria which may have little or no effect on cooling tower efficiency.
The present invention discloses a novel biological control agent, or biocide, which displays unexpected properties when used in a circulating water cooling system. However, in order to appreciate the effectiveness of the present invention, it is first appropriate to review the criteria which are generally applied in measuring biocide effectiveness.
Those skilled in the water treatment art have typically the following four factors in measuring biocide effectiveness in cooling water systems:
(a) appearance;
(b) microorganism count;
(c) microscopic analyses; and
(d) heat transfer.
Each of these methods will be briefly discussed.
The most often used method for measuring biocide effectiveness is the one which is the most difficult to quantify and is the most subjective in nature (i.e., the appearance of a cooling tower and its associated heat transfer equipment.) In an attempt to quantify visual appearance, numerous checklists have been developed to guide an inspector in rating the cleanliness of a cooling water system and, indirectly, the effectiveness of biocide agents used in that system. Such checklists include visual inspection of several areas of the cooling tower system, such as the distribution deck, distribution nozzles, fill material, structural members, air louvers, drift eliminators, basin, and pump screens. Efficiency criteria are based, for example, on observations of whether all surfaces are clearly visible with no slimy feel-clean tower; whether a portion of the surfaces, such as for example, two-thirds of the surfaces, are free of visible growth, but may feel slimy-fair condition; or whether more than two-thirds of the observable surfaces are covered with biological growth or deposits, with the deposits being hard to remove with the fingertips-dirty tower.
A second technique in measuring the effectiveness of biocidal agents is to measure the microorganism count in the bulk water phase of a system (typically in units of microorganisms per milliliter of water). However, the experience of the inventors herein have shown this method to be extremely unreliable as a field measurement tool. Good biological laboratory techniques require that the plate counts be initiated very quickly after samples are taken since the microorganisms are living systems. In practice it is common to take samples, fix the samples with a thiosulfate solutions, and then mail the fixed samples to a central laboratory for plate counts. Because transit times and transit conditions substantially effect the growth cycle of microorganisms in a particular sample, plate counts made in this manner are unreliable. In addition, field studies have been conducted which show that plate counts made within four hours after sampling had little correlation to the physical appearance of the cooling towers being tested. On occasion, cooling towers that were physically clean had extremely high bacteria counts while cooling towers that were much dirtier had very low bacteria counts.
A third method of measuring biocide effectiveness is microscopic identification and observation of the microbial populations in a cooling tower system. Although potentially useful in determining the predominant biological species in a given water system, this method of measuring biocide performance requires the availability of trained personnel and fresh samples from the cooling tower. For field use, this technique is not considered a practical method of measuring biocide effectiveness.
The fourth common measurement of biocide performance is the measurement of heat transfer or temperature differential (hereinafter "ΔT") across a cooling tower or heat exchanger. This method quickly defines the existence of fouling problems where a noticeable reduction in ΔT is observed. This method has the disadvantage of not identifying the specific problems involved, such as changes in water flow, oil fouling, mineral deposition, and/or microbiological fouling.
While the foreging methods of measuring the effectiveness of biocide agents provide some indication as to their efficiency, it is generally desirable that a biocide meet the following criteria:
(1) Wide kill spectrum--the agent should be effective against a wide variety of microorganisms, such as, for example, algae, bacteria, fungi, mold and other aquatic organisms;
(2) fast rate of kill;
(3) low cost;
(4) useful in wide pH ranges;
(5) non-corrosive to metals and wood;
(6) compatible with commonly used cooling water treatment chemicals such as scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors;
(7) uneffected by organic contaminants or nitrogen compounds in the water recirculating system;
(8) ease in handling and application; and
(9) capable of obtaining appropriate federal and state governmental agency approval.
Biocides can be divided into two basic classifications: non-oxidizing biocides and oxiding biocides. In general, the non-oxidizing biocides function primarily by altering the permeability of the cell walls of the microorganisms and interfering with their biological processes. Common non-oxidizing biocides include organo-sulfur compounds, quaternary ammonium salts, chlorinated phenolics and heavy metal compounds.
Oxidizing biocides cause irreversible oxidation/hydrolysis of protein groups in the microorganism and in the polysaccharides that bind the microorganisms to the surfaces of the cooling tower equipment. The result of this process is a loss of normal enzyme activity and cell death.
Some of the more common biocides that have been proposed for cooling tower use include:
(1) Organo-tin compounds, such as bis (tributyl-tin) oxide;
(2) Organo-sulfur compounds, such as methylene bis thiocyanate;
(3) Quaternary ammonium salts;
(4) Sodium pentachlorophenate;
(5) Copper salts, such as cupric sulfate;
(6) 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (hereinafter "DBNPA").
(1) Chlorine;
(2) Bromine;
(3) Chloroisocyanurates;
(4) Chlorine dioxide;
(5) Hypochlorites;
(6) Bromine chloride and bromine-chlorine mixtures.
Each of these common biocides will be briefly discussed.
(1) Organo-tin Compounds
The most common organo-tin compound is bis (tributyl-tin) oxide. This class of compounds is particularly effective against wood rotting organisms and slime-forming fungi. Their disadvantages are their relative ineffectiveness against bacteria and algae and their relatively slow rate of kill. These compounds are relatively toxic and non-biodegradable.
(2) Organo-sulfur Compounds
This class of compounds is represented by methylene bis thiocyanate ("MBT") and 3,5 dimethyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-2H-thiodiazine-2-thione ("DMTT"). They are good slimicides and are widely used in the paper industry. They suffer from rapid decomposition above approximately pH 8.0, are relatively expensive and generally require a dispersant to obtain effective penetration of the biocide into the slime mass.
(3) Quaternary Ammonium Salts
Quaternary ammonium salts are widely used in cooling water systems and are typically represented by such products as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorides. The quaternary salts are generally most effective against algae and bacteria in alkaline pH ranges but lose their activity in systems fouled with dirt, oil and other debris. Over-addition of these products can lead to extensive foaming thus resulting in reduced cooling efficiency.
(4) Sodium Pentachlorophenate and Other Chlorinated Phenolics
These products exhibit broad spectrum activity and are not generally affected by organic materials or most other impurities in the system. However, these products have, in general, become less popular because of concerns about federal, state and local regulations restricting discharges. In 1978 and 1979 most sodium pentachlorophenate biocides were withdrawn from the market because of environmental concerns.
(5) Copper Salts
Copper salts are highly effective against algae but are ineffective against molds and fungi. Copper sulfate, the most widely used product in this class, functions successfully at very low concentrations but most copper salts plate out on steel, leading to corrosion. These products are not usually recommended by suppliers for use in cooling tower systems.
DBNPA is potent and highly effective against algae, fungi, and bacteria. However, because this biocide is pH sensitive, cooling water pH must be maintained below 8.0 to avoid rapid decomposition.
(1) Chlorine
Chlorine is probably the most common biocide in use for cooling tower treatment. It is generally an excellent algicide and bactericide, although some strains of bacteria can develop chemical resistance to chlorine. Often chlorine must be used in a shock treatment system to provide good biocide performance. Gas chlorination equipment is costly and generally requires a relatively large capital investment. Normal use levels must be dramatically increased to maintain effectiveness when cooling water has become contaminated with hydrocarbons, ammonia and organic material.
Excessive chlorine concentrations have an adverse effect on cooling tower wood. Chlorine becomes less effective as a biocide above about pH 8.0-8.5 and becomes corrosive below about pH 6.5.
(2) Bromine
Liquid bromine has also been used in the treatment of algae-infested cooling towers. However, bromine apparently has not received widespread commercial acceptance because of handling difficulties and the cost of bromination equipment.
(3) Chlorine Dioxide
Chlorine dioxide is usually classified as an oxidizing biocide although its kill mechanism is not oxidation. It is more effective at a higher pH or in nitrogen or organic contaminated systems than chlorine. Because it is an unstable compound, it is usually generated on-site with special equipment. It is also more expensive than chlorine.
(4) Chloroisocyanurates
Chloroisocyanurates are easily handled powdered compounds which hydrolyze in water to slowly release chlorine and cyanuric acid. However, they suffer all the drawbacks of chlorine in pH effectiveness ranges and present potential corrosion problems.
(5) Hypochlorites
Sodium and calcium hypochlorites function in much the same manner as chlorine gas in an easier to handle form. However, hypochlorites have all the disadvantages of chlorine plus a higher cost.
(6) Bromine Chloride and Bromine-chlorine Mixtures
Bromine chloride, available only as a liquid under pressure, has found some favor as a biocide. It hydrolyzes completely in dilute aqueous solutions to hypobromous acid (HOBr) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). The hypobromous acid is an effective, potent biocide for algae and bacteria. Bromine chloride has generally not been promoted for use on industrial recirculating cooling towers because of the high cost for feed equipment and accessories. Mixtures of bromines and chlorine have also been investigated as biocides. Such mixtures may be applied as a liquid/gas mixture or in the form of sodium hypochlorite and sodium hypobromite. It has been reported that a bromine/chlorine mixture displays greater biocide activity than bromine or chlorine alone. The costs of handling such mixtures have prohibited their widespread use.
While 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin has been proposed for use in disinfecting swimming pools, well water, sewage effluent, and the like in L. O. Paterson U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,412,021 and 3,147,219, granted Nov. 19, 1968 and Sept. 1, 1964, respectively, BCDMH has not heretofore been employed to control biofouling in recirculating water systems. In accordance with this invention, it has been found that BCDMH is a highly effective biofouling control agent notwithstanding its inability to completely disinfect the bulk recirculating water at levels of administration that achieve biofouling control.
The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a novel method for treating biofouling problems inherent in recirculating water systems. Accordingly, the method of the present invention involves treating cooling towers and other water recirculating systems by introducing a biocidally effective amount of 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin ("BCDMH") into the water in order to kill biofouling microorganisms at film forming surfaces of the system, and thereafter maintaining the concentration of BCDMH at a level sufficient to substantially reduce the regrowth of such microorganisms at such surfaces. Preferably BCDMH is provided at a daily level of at least about 0.005 pound per thousand gallons of water in the system.
By the present method, reduction in treatment costs (when compared to the prior art biocidal agents) may be achieved. Furthermore, the present invention displays an unexpected and markedly improved biocidal efficiency when compared to the prior art methods without the risks of toxicity and system corrosion attendant to the use of many prior art biocides and methods of use therefor.
Due to the nature of water cooling towers and recirculating systems in relation to microorganisms growth environments, it is necessary to provide a method of treating the recirculating water which, on the one hand, kills microorganisms adhering to the walls and other structures of the system and, on the other hand, substantially reduces the potential for microorganism regrowth.
In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin ("BCDMH") effectively controls bacterial growth in cooling tower and water recirculating systems. The BCDMH has the following structural formula: ##STR1##
The method of the present invention involves the use of BCDMH as a biocidal agent for selectively controlling bacterial growth in cooling tower and water recirculating systems. Typically, BCDMH may be dissolved in the recirculating water of the system, as by simply introducing measured amounts of BCDMH into the water or by pre-mixing BCDMH in water and adding the resultant premixed solution to the recirculating system. Alternatively and preferably, BCDMH may be formed into pellets, rods or other agglomerates as described in L. O. Paterson U.S. Pat. No. 3,412,021, granted Nov. 19, 1968, with the agglomerates being suspended either directly in the recirculating water or in a reservoir through which the recirculating water is pumped. In all cases, the presence of BCDMH in the recirculating water acts as an effective biocide agent for controlling the growth of various bacteria on the surfaces of the recirculating water systems.
The amount of added BCDMH necessary for adequate bacterial growth control is dependent upon a number of factors, among which include the volume of the recirculating system and the temperature and pH of the water therein, the location of the system (i.e., is the system located in an area where bacterial nutrients may easily enter the system), quality of make-up water, and the amount of bacterial growth present at the time treatment is started.
Thus, for a new recirculating system one may easily control bacterial growth by simply adding an amount of BCDMH to the water and observing the results. That is, if after a period of time there is an observed built up of algae, etc., the amount of BCDMH should be increased. If there is no such build-up, the quantity of BCDMH added may be reduced until an accumulation of bacteria is noted, at which time the BCDMH level may be increased. Thus, through a series of "trial and error" tests the preferred quantity of BCDMH needed for biomass control for any system can be easily established.
Generally, BCDMH is provided in sufficient quantities so that at least about 0.005 pound BDCMH is provided daily per thousand gallons of water in the system. In determining the proper amount of BCDMH to be used, system volume is first ascertained. In the case of an open recirculating water system, system volume is normally calculated based on the amount of contained water plus daily make up for evaporation losses and daily blow down. Once the total volume is determined, the appropriate agent level may be selected, with the final level being optimized on a step-by-step basis in the described manner.
Preferably, BCDMH is provided at a level lying in the range of about 0.01 to about 0.02 pounds per thousand gallons per day. The benefits of this invention may be achieved with larger amounts of agent (e.g., at levels as high as 0.2 pound per 1000 gallons of water or higher) although such higher quantities are typically only required where the system is quite dirty and then only for a relatively short period of time (e.g., a few days to a few weeks). Ordinarily, biofouling is controlled without retaining a measurable halogen residual in the recirculating water and without complete destruction of all microorganisms in the bulk water phase.
In order to establish the effectiveness of BCDMH as a biocidal agent, a series of tests have been performed. These tests document the use of BCDMH in various sizes and types of cooling towers and water recirculating systems. Where practical, tests have been performed on similar cooling tower systems using chlorine as a biocide so that a comparison of biocidal effectiveness with that known biocide can be made.
Before detailing the numerous examples which establish the effectiveness of BCDMH as a biocidal agent, it is important to note that it has been discovered by the inventors that, unlike other water treatment environments such as swimming pools and the like, biocidal effectiveness in cooling tower and water recirculating systems is not dependent upon a complete biological kill of all microorganisms existing within the recirculating water. Rather, in cooling tower and water recirculating systems, it has been found in accordance with this invention that it is only necessary to substantially kill the microorganisms which adhere to the walls and other structural surfaces of the system. Once such localized organisms are killed, the total microorganism count in the recirculating water is essentially irrelevant to the efficacy of the water treatment method; that is, as long as the microorganisms are in circulation in the system (i.e., not adhering to the walls or other structural surfaces of the system), there is no noticeable detrimental effect on the heat-exchange capacity of the system.
As a result, the novel method of the present invention does not have as its objective the complete erradication of all microorganisms from the recirculating water but, instead, is intended to remove microorganism growth and biofilm from the surfaces of the recirculating water system. Thus, the term "biocidally effective" as used herein should be understood to refer to the selective attack on biofilmforming organisms located at system surfaces but should not be understood to mean the substantial elimination of bulk water phase microorganisms.
Cooling Tower Contained Volume: 590,500 liters (156,000 gallons); Circulation Rate: 15,142 liters/minute (4,000 gpm); Nominal Cooling Capacity: 12,700,000 Kcal/hr (4,200 tons); Blow Down: 102 liters/minute (27 gpm).
This tower was previously continuously treated with 25 lbs/day chlorine until BCDMH treatment was started. By Day 13 of the BCDMH treatment, biological film growth began to loosen and slide down the structural beams of the tower. By Day 43, the tower was completely clean by visual observation and has remained so to date. Normal usage rate is 0.91 kg (2 lbs) per day of BCDMH (0.006 lb. BCDMH/1000 gal).
A parallel tower very similar in size and service to the cooling tower of Example 1 was treated with chlorine. The physical description of this tower is: Contained Volume: 681,400 liters (180,000 gallons); Circulation Rate: 22,700 liters/minute (6,000 gpm); Nominal Cooling Capacity: 15,120,000 K-cal/hr (5,000 tons); Blow Down: 76-95 liters/minute (20-25 gpm). Biofouling treatment consisted of 18.14 kg/day (40 lbs/day) gaseous chlorine treatment.
This tower has remained visibly dirtier with more biological growth on tower packing than the tower of Example 1. The chlorine usage is approximately 20 times higher than the BCDMH consumption of the tower from Example 1.
It is interesting to note that the refinery where Examples 1 and 2 were conducted had been satisfied with the use of chlorine as a biocide until BCDMH was used on the tower of Example 1. When BCDMH was introduced into the Example 1, tower operating personnel determined that the previous 25 lbs/day typical chlorine dosage was not adequately controlling biofilm growth in the tower of Example 2 as well as 2 lbs/day BCDMH was controlling biofilm growth in the tower of Example 1. Chlorine dosage in the tower of Example 2 was raised to 40 lbs/day (average) in an attempt to match the visual appearance of the tower of Example 1, but this attempt was unsuccessful. No further increase in chlorine usage was attempted on the tower of Example 2 because of fear of delignification of the wood structures.
Two packaged cooling towers were connected in parallel to provide the following system: Contained Volume: 37,800 liters (10,000 gallons); Circulation Rate: 7,600 liters/minute (2,000 gpm); Nominal Cooling Capacity: 2,420,000 Kcal/hr (800 tons); Blow Down: 344 liters/minute (91 gpm).
These towers had previously been treated with 50 ppm of a proprietary quaternary ammonium salt. This treatment caused the packing in these towers to badly foul with biofilm significantly reducing tower efficiency and finally requiring an annual replacement of the packing. In addition, the heat exchangers served by these towers had to be removed for cleaning at the rate of four to six per year due to waterside biological fouling.
BCDMH was compared to quaternary ammonium salt treatment in a week-on, week-off comparison test. The BCDMH proved to be clearly superior based on appearance and process performance and treatment was continued on BCDMH. No heat exchangers have plugged or fouled on the waterside since BCDMH has been used. In addition, the packing no longer has to be changed on a yearly basis. Normal BCDMH usage for these towers is 0.91 kg (2 lbs) per day (0.01 lb/1000 gal).
Contained Volume: 56,800 liters (15,000 gallons); Circulation Rate: 4,500 liters/minute (1,200 gpm); Nominal Cooling Capacity: 2,120,000 Kcal/hr (700 tons); Blow Down: 38 liters/minute (10 gpm).
This tower was in service five days before BCDMH treatment began. A thick biofilm fouling layer had built up on the open deck before treatment. This biofilm was killed within a week of starting BCDMH addition to the tower. The biofilm layer on the deck was completely controlled after 37 days of treatment. Normal BCDMH usage rate is 0.45 kg (1 lb) per day (0.01 lb/1000 gal).
A hospital tower used to operate centrifugal chillers was treated with BCDMH. The characteristics of this tower are: Contained Volume: 41,600 liters (11,000 gal); Circulation Rate: 12,500 liters/minute (3,300 gpm); Nominal Cooling Capacity: 3,628,800 Kcal/hr (1,200 tons); Blow Down: 19 liters/minute (5 gpm).
The tower is located next to the hospital parking lot. At the time of this test new construction was on-going at the hospital. The dust and dirt had caused problems in the lines and in the chiller itself. The hospital had difficulty maintaining its chilled water system at 7� C. (45� F.).
After 5 days of BCDMH treatment, with no other changes in operation or in chemical treatment, the hospital obtained 5� C. (41� F.) chilled water out of the centrifugal units.
It is theorized that the biofilm, in addition to trapping microorganisms, trapped dirt and silt in a heavily loaded system, giving almost the same effect as a scaled system from the standpoint of heat exchange.
The system has remained clean with a usage rate of 0.27 kg/day (0.6 lbs/day) of BCDMH (0.01 lb/1000 gal).
A large tower used to cool the water for as a barometric condenser was treated with BCDMH. The characteristics of this tower are: Contained Volume: 416,400 liters (110,000 gal); Circulation Rate: 24,600 liters/minute (6,500 gpm); Nominal Cooling Capacity: 16,330,000 Kcal/hr (5,400 tons); Blow Down: 150 liters/minute (40 gpm).
This tower's water was saturated with the light crude oils pulled from the barometric condenser of a vacuum stripping tower. It was visually apparent that the tower was infested with slime-forming fungi and bacteria. There were large stringy growths from 25 to 100 mm (1 inch to 4 inch) long hanging from the fill and structural members, and a solid biomass on the sides that was about 19 mm (3/4 inch) thick. Repeated efforts to remove the growth with commercial biocides proved unsuccessful.
Two days after BCDMH treatment was started large biomass deposits were observed sliding down structural members or dropping into the basin. By Day 13 the system was estimated to be 50% to 60% clean, and bare wood was visible. Some areas on the sides, limited by lack of water flow, remained spotty with the biomass. In the past, the temperature range of the system limited the vacuum tower throughout. With BCDMH throughput increased substantially. The usage rate has been approximately 2.7 kg/day (6 lbs/day) (0.02 lb/1000 gal).
A mechanical draft tower used in process was treated with BCDMH. The characteristics of this tower are: Contained Volume: 208,000 liters (55,000 gal); Circulation Rate: 22,700 liters/minute (6,000 gpm); Nominal Cooling Capacity: 16,632,000 Kcal/hr (5,500 tons); Blow Down: 91 liters/minute (24 gpm).
Large masses of algae growth were present in the tower. This tower had been treated with quaternary ammonium salts, with organo-tin and organo-sulfur biocides, alternating every three days. Such treatment proved unsuccessful. New process equipment had been added to the plant and management was considering buying a new tower to obtain the necessary heat transfer capacity.
BCDMH was started at a usage rate of 0.8 kg/day (13/4 lbs/day) (0.01 lb/1000 gal). Within three days there was a significant increase in heat transfer as indicated by an increase in the tower Δ T of 3.9� C. (7� F.) At the end of two weeks the tower Δ T had stabilized at 10.6� C. (19� F.)--an increase of 5.6� C. (10� F.), but the algae growth had not diminished appreciably. The dosage was increased to 1.4 kg/day (3 lbs/day) (0.02 lb/1000 gal) and within 24 hours there was evidence of algae kill. On Day 21 it was reported that 70% to 80% of the algae had been killed, and the operators returned to a usage rate of 0.91 kg/day (2 lbs/day) (0.01 lb/1000 gal).
A plant rendering animal fat to basic chemicals was treated with BCDMH. The packaged open recirculating tower used in the process water cooling has the following characteristics: Contained volume: (18,900 liters (5,000 gal); Circulation Rate: 3,634 liters/minute (960 gpm); Nominal Cooling Capacity: 1,512,000 Kcal/hr (500 tons); Blow Down: 25 liters/minute (6.5 gpm).
This tower was highly contaminated with visible biomass. There was almost no air flow through the tower. The tower inlet temperature was 77.8� C. (172� F.) and the outlet water temperature was 75.0� C. (168� F.)
BCDMH in the amount of 2.3 kg (5 lbs) (0.2 lb/1000 gal) was suspended in a mesh bag close to the suction of the circulating pump. Within two days large sections of biomass broke loose resulting in a plugging of the distribution deck and the line filter screens. The tower was cleaned manually for the next 24 hours.
After five days the tower appeared clean with no visible biomass. One week after the tower was put on BCDMH the tower inlet temperature was 33.3� C. (92� F.) and the outlet water temperature was 26.7� C. (80� F.), substantially increasing production. Normal usage rate is now averaging 0.23 kg/day (0.5 lbs/day) (0.02 lb/1000 gal).
Table I presents a summary of the Examples set forth herein in which BCDMH was used as the biocidal agent.
As previously noted, there currently exist several methods for determining biocidal effectiveness. The appearance and microorganisms count methods, discussed above, were utilized herein to develop a comparison between the effectiveness of chlorine treatment to that of BCDMH treatment. The results of this comparison are noted in Table II. Table II establishes that towers with high bacterial counts (e.g., Example 1) are visibly cleaner after treatment with BCDMH than towers with lower bacteria counts (e.g., Example 2) treated with chlorine. Accordingly, this comparison demonstrates that it is not necessary to attempt to kill the total microorganism population in the recirculating water in order to achieve adequate biofouling control.
TABLE I__________________________________________________________________________SUMMARY OF EXAMPLESContained Daily Daily Total* Usage/TotalVolume Evaporation Blow Down Volume BCDMH VolumeExamples(gallons) (gallons) (gallons) (gallons) Daily Usage (lb/1000 gals)__________________________________________________________________________1 156,000 115,200 38,400 309,600 2.00 0.006 lb/M gal.3 10,000 43,200 131,000 184,200 2.00 0.01 lb/M gal.4 15,000 17,300 14,400 46,700 1.00** 0.02 lb/M gal.5 11,000 38,000 7,600 56,600 0.06 0.01 lb/M gal.6 110,000 140,400 57,000 307,400 6.00** 0.02 lb/M gal.7 55,000 86,400 34,500 175,900 2.00 0.01 lb/M gal.8 5,000 13,800 9,200 28,000 0.50** 0.02 lb/M gal.__________________________________________________________________________ *TOTAL VOLUME = CONTAINED VOLUME + DAILY EVAPORATION + DAILY BLOW DOWN **CLEANUP DOSAGE
TABLE II__________________________________________________________________________SUMMARY - TOTAL BACTERIA COUNT-COMPARISON TO TOWER CONDITION Self-Contained Biological Test Filter Standard Lab Plate MethodTest (Colonies/ml) (Colonies/ml)Tower Days Average Range Average Range Appearance of Tower Condition Treatment__________________________________________________________________________Example 1 37 107M 1-300M 40M 25-55M All areas of the tower which BCDMHct water are clean.Example 2 37 65M 0.03-350M 38M 0-138M Visible biological growth even in Gaseous water contact areas. Build-ups Chlorine biological growth are forming on straight sections of packing away from joints which provide support.Example 3 26 68M 19- 100M No biological growth on high BCDMH contact areas in tower. Algae growth in low contact areas around the outside of the tower.Example 4 14 60M 47-96M All areas in contact with water are clean. BCDMH Occasional small amount of algae growth on open distribution deck. Normally, no algae growth on deck despite exposure to sunlight.__________________________________________________________________________
As previously noted, once initial biofouling control has been achieved it is possible, on a step-by-step basis, to determine a level of BCDMH which is satisfactory to substantially reduce the regrowth of the biological microorganisms. The usage, or dose, level of BCDMH, measured in terms of the total volume of each cooling tower system tested, is reported in Table I.
Extensive corrosion tests establish that BCDMH is, from a corrosivity standpoint, comparable to chlorine. These tests indicate that the corrosion rates of structural components, such as metals and wood exposed to BCDMH in cooling water systems containing corrosion inhibitors is comparable to the corrosion rates established for chlorine. The corrosion data are set forth in Table III. From the data set forth in Table III, it is noted that BCDMH is less corrosive than chlorine.
TABLE III__________________________________________________________________________CORROSION DATA - CHROMATE INHIBITOR SYSTEM COOLING TOWER CORROSION COOLING TOWER CORROSIONStructural (BCDMH Treated 2 lbs/day) (Chlorine Treated 40 lbs/day)Material 7 Days 31 Days 31 Days 7 Days 31 Days 31__________________________________________________________________________ DaysCopper 0.0063 mm/yr 0.0185 mm/yr 0.0066 mm/yr 0.0137 mm/yr 0.0165 mm/yr 0.00 mm/yr (0.25 mils/yr) (0.73 mils/yr) (0.26 mils/yr) (0.54 mils/yr) (0.65 mils/yr) (0.00 mils/yr)304 0.0046 mm/yr 0.0010 mm/yr 0.00 mm/yr 0.0025 mm/yr 0.0069 mm/yr 0.0229 mm/yrStainless (0.18 mils/yr) (0.04 mils/yr) (0.00 mils/yr) (0.10 mils/yr) (0.27 mils/yr) (0.090 mils/yr)SteelMild Steel 0.0210 mm/yr 0.0048 mm/yr 0.0201 mm/yr 0.0307 mm/yr 0.0137 mm/yr 0.1166 mm/yr (0.87 mils/yr) (0.19 mils/yr) (0.79 mils/yr) (1.21 mils/yr) (0.54 mils/yr) (4.59 mils/yr)Aluminum 0.00 mm/yr 0.330 mm/yr 0.0053 mm/yr 0.008 mm/yr 0.0942 mm/yr 0.00 mm/yrBronze (0.00 mils/yr) (1.30 mils/yr) (0.21 mils/yr) (0.03 mils/yr) (3.56 mils/yr) (0.00 mils/yr)Aluminum 0.0271 mm/yr 0.056 mm/yr 0.0198 mm/yr 0.1798 mm/yr 0.0183 mm/yr 0.0030 mm/yr (1.09 mils/yr) (2.21 mils/yr) (0.78 mils/yr) (7.08 mils/yr) (0.76 mils/yr) (0.12 mils/yr)Galvanized 0.0718 mm/yr -- 0.045 mm/yr 0.1478 mm/yr -- 0.994 mm/yrSteel (2.96 mils/yr) -- (1.77 mils/yr) (5.82 mils/yr) -- (3.91 mils/yr)Admiralty -- -- 0.0043 mm/yr -- -- 0.00 mm/yrBrass -- -- (0.17 mils/yr) -- -- (0.00 mils/yr)Cedar The wood is fuzzy The wood is a -- The wood is much The wood is -- but not soft or little soft. more fuzzy than No. more fuzzy than No. 6 spongy. There are There is some 6 Cooling Twr wood. Cooling Twr wood. The small chips in the splintering and The wood is not wood is soft and spongy. wood. the wood is spongy or soft but There are many brown slightly fuzzy. does have some brown patches on the wood. patches on it.Redwood The wood is slightly The wood is dirty. -- The wood has streaks The wood is -- slimy, probably due It is slightly fuzzy on the side. There light in color and to an oil leak that and a little spongy. is some colored mold is quite fuzzy. The occurred during this There is little or or algae growing on wood is spongy and time period. The no splintering of the sides. The wood soft. wood is slightly wood. is light in color and fuzzy but not fuzzy. It is a significantly little softer. changed from initial appearance.__________________________________________________________________________
BCDMH has also been compared to the common biocidal agents in terms of desired performance characteristics as shown in Table IV. As will be noted from Table IV, BCDMH is the only biocide which displays favorable properties for all of the characteristics tested.
TABLE IV__________________________________________________________________________PRODUCT PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VERSUS IDEAL BIOCIDE Quater- nary Ammon- Hypochlorites Organo- Organo- Copper ium Chloro- or Chloro- Tins Sulfurs Salts Salts phenates DBNPA Cl.sub.2 Isocyanurates ClO.sub.2 BrCl BCDMH__________________________________________________________________________Wide Kill Spectrum(Variety of organisms) no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes (algae only)Fast Rate of Kill(less than 30 mins) no no yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yesCost PerformanceEfficiency fair poor good poor fair good good good good good goodWide pH use Range yes no yes no yes no no no yes yes yesNon-Corrosive yes yes no yes yes yes yes no no no yesCompatibility (withscale and corrosioninhibitors) yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes ? yes (poly- electro- lytes)Easy to Control andHandle yes yes yes yes yes yes no yes no no yesGeneral EPA Approval yes yes yes yes ? yes yes yes yes yes yes (under study)Non-Foaming yes yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yesInsensitive to Organicor NitrogenContamination yes yes yes no yes yes no no yes yes yes__________________________________________________________________________
From the foregoing it can be seen that the present invention may be performed by introducing quantities of BCDMH to the water of a cooling tower or recirculating system in order to kill the biological microorganisms adhering to the walls, or other surfaces, of the tower or system. Thereafter, the concentration of BCDMH is maintained at a level sufficient to substantially reduce the regrowth of such microorganisms.
While the foregoing has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment and alternatives thereto, one skilled in the art should realize that modifications and changes may be made to the foregoing while still falling within the intent and scope of the present invention. All such modifications and changes should be considered a part hereof.
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|Michael Joseph Unhoch
|Biocidal composition and method for treating recirculating water systems
|Dec 23, 2004
|Mar 26, 2009
|Albemarle Corporation
|Microbiocidal Control in the Processing of Meat-Producing Four-Legged Animals
|Dec 23, 2004
|Apr 30, 2009
|Albemarle Corporation
|Microbiocidal Control in the Processing of Meat-Producing Four-Legged Animals
|Mar 5, 2009
|Jun 25, 2009
|Albemarle Corporation
|Microbiological Control in Aqueous Systems
|May 26, 2009
|Nov 26, 2009
|Mark Nelson
|Chemistry for Effective Microbe Control with Reduced Gas Phase Corrosiveness in Pulp & Paper Processing Systems
|Oct 28, 2009
|Apr 22, 2010
|A.Y. Laboratories Ltd.
|Control of development of biofilms in industrial process water
|Aug 27, 2008
|Feb 3, 2011
|Rainer Fulling
|Process for cleaning substrates with oxidising agents and reducing agents
|Mar 10, 2011
|Sep 22, 2011
|A.Y. Laboratories Ltd.
|Control of development of biofilms in industrial process water
|Apr 14, 2014
|Oct 15, 2015
|Ecolab Usa Inc.
|Slurry biocide
|Jan 10, 2002
|Mar 21, 2006
|Lonza Inc.
|Hydantoin-enhanced halogen efficacy in pulp and paper applications
|Sep 5, 2007
|Mar 12, 2009
|F�lling, Rainer, Dr.
|Verfahren zur Reinigung von Substraten durch Oxidationsmittel und Reduktionsmittel sowie die Verwendung von Oxidationsmitteln zur Oxidation von extrazellul�ren polymeren Substanzen
|Oct 17, 1983
|Apr 24, 1985
|Lonza, Inc.
|Agglomerated halo-hydantoins
|Mar 21, 1987
|Oct 7, 1987
|Ppg Industries, Inc.
|Nov 25, 2002
|Feb 18, 2004
|CASTELLINI S.p.A.
|Use of active solution for disinfecting and/or sterilizing a dental unit and method thereof
|Jun 6, 2003
|Sep 28, 2005
|Lonza Inc.
|Method for removal of biofilm
|Jun 6, 2003
|Apr 9, 2008
|Lonza Ag
|Method for removal of biofilm
|Jun 21, 1989
|Dec 28, 1989
|Great Lakes Chemical Corporation
|Method for the control of biofouling in recirculating water systems
|Sep 28, 1994
|Apr 6, 1995
|Minister For Infrastructure
|Control of iron deposition in borehole pumps
|Oct 13, 1995
|Apr 25, 1996
|Lonza Inc.
|Hydantoin-enhanced halogen efficacy in pulp and paper applications
|Mar 7, 2002
|Oct 3, 2002
|Albemarle Corporation
|Control of pseudomonas aeruginosa
|Dec 11, 2007
|Jun 26, 2008
|Arch Chemicals, Inc.
|Biocidal composition and method for treating recirculating water systems
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
With five different class times Zumba is one of the most popular classes at the Harrison County YMCA. But one class is not like the others, it's held in the pool of the Lowndes Hill branch.
Nerian Weekley became a Zumba instructor in April of 2013, and got certified in aqua Zumba just one month later.
"I took one class and I got hooked, so I said, 'you know what, I'm already an instructor' so I went for it," said Weekley.
Weekley said that Zumba and aqua Zumba are very different, not just because it's taught in the water, but because it's a total body workout.
"With the water you have more resistance. It's not just working one muscle and not the other. When you are on land and you do a bicep curl, that's all you're doing is working your bicep. When you are in the water you are going up with your bicep, down with your triceps. It works several groups of muscles at the same time," explained Weekley.
Weekley has to modify normal Zumba moves so they can be done in the water, one way she does that is by using a chair.
"I get on the chair if we need to do level two or three moves. Level three is suspending the feet in the water and I want to show them a way to do it so I use the chair," said Weekley.
Weekley also slows the moves down so they can be done in the water.
Aqua Zumba is offered twice a week on Monday's and Wednesday's, but Weekley said she hopes to teach it more often.
"We're trying to bring a night class to the pool. It's very popular and I've had lots of people request it, so we are working on that," Weekley said.
For more information on any of the classes offered at the YMCA click here.
Clarksburg Studio
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text: I know it's better to build a relationship with a dealer and all but my question is if you buy a mower from Home Depot is it not the same quality as the same mower at your local dealer? Ive heard something about the blade speed is lower and stuff and I wanna know if anyone knows anything about it. Thanks in advance.


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I strongly believe in our culture and its values so I religiously follow them. I also speak my mother tongue Odia fluently. I am a very thoughtful boy and I don't believe that things like caste creed or religion should be taken into consideration while searching your soul mate. I am a boy with good built and 5Ft. 6In. 167 cm height.
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Written on: 06/03/2013 by THEDUDE2464 (1 review written)
Never have I been so engrossed in a world as much as I have been in True Blood.The world has some amazlingly realised characters, some of them are the most memorible characters of all time. The Vampire are the real show-stealers her, with some magnifcent moments from seasons 1-5 of this amazing show.
I loved the characters, I loved the setting, I loved the storylines. In short I loved all the aspects of the show. Alan Ball (writer. producer) has done an amazing job of staying loyal to the books, while making the show feel new. If Vamps aren't your thing, there are Werewolves, witches, Shape-shifters and Fariy's, so there is a vast array of super-natural beings to fall in love with.
" Customer service my $&*% " Read More
" Best show on TV " Read More
Written by rickyriccardo
" Hired a car online in England with Firefly, paid for the extra insu... " Read More
" Fantastic " Read More
Written by Kev_1920
" Tacky but great " Read More
Written by MarkT444


text:
Delta Factory is bringing 5pb's Xbox 360 fighting game Phantom Breaker to arcades. The arcade version is called Phantom Breaker: Another Code and it uses Sega's RingEdge 2 hardware. That's the same board used by Guilty Gear XX Accent Core Plus R and Under Night In-Birth.
ya sure they are, i remember the promises of first phantom breaker coming then cancellation of my reserve and all reports saying no it wasnt but then no word till now. Sigh heres hoping


text:
Unfortunately, this job is expired as of 4/30/2013.
To continue in your search through the appropriate job categories, click either Administrative Staff, Higher Education Executives, Faculty, Post-Doc and Graduate Assistants, . You can also utilize "guess-free" keyword search tools with up to eight pre-defined criteria. Search for and Apply to academic postings directly from the site. Post your background either confidentially or overtly. Stand out and be discovered!
Volunteer State Community College Instructor - Health Information Technology
Posting Number: 0600563 Position
Department: Allied Health
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Posting Date: 01-22-2013
Salary Range: $32,331 - $44,879 depending on education and experience
Employment Type: Regular Full Time, Faculty Tenure Track Academic Year (9 Mos.)
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Food & Drink
In 24 Hours
Shopping in Barcelona: A fashion stylist's guide
Maureen O'Hare • Updated 12th June 2017
Whether you're looking for big-brand fashion, one-off designer pieces or vintage finds, Barcelona is one of Europe's greatest shopping cities.
And Barcelona-based fashion consultant, artist and social media star
Blanca Miró Scrimieri
) is one of Spain's hottest street-style gurus.
CNN Travel caught up with her to get her shopping guide to the city. Here are Scrimieri's tips, in her words.
The most quirky shops are around El Born and Las Ramblas. The secret is to walk with no hurry and discover little shops and tiny streets that you never expected.
Paseo de Gracia is where you will find the best luxury shops such as Chanel, Prada, Santa Eulalia (which is the best multi-brand store here), Saint Laurent, Miu Miu and so on. We also have more affordable ones like Mango and Zara.
A very popular department store in the city is El Corte Inglés. You will find loads of brands. Another one is L'illa with loads of shops inside and also places to have breakfast or lunch.
For haute couture you have Le Swing (
see below
) or Teresa Helbig.
Santa Eulalia
, Passeig de Gràcia, 93 Barcelona; +34 932 150 674
El Corte Inglés
, Plaça de Catalunya, 14 Barcelona; +34 933 06 38 00
Teresa Helbig
, Carrer de Mallorca, 184, 08036 Barcelona; +34 934 51 55 44
L'illa Diagonal
, Avinguda Diagonal, 557, 08029 Barcelona; +34 934 44 00 00
The best chain of vintage shops in Barcelona is called
Le Swing Vintage
and Le Blow.
They've also opened a new one called Casa Le Swing where you can find vintage furniture, clothes, fashion books (not vintage) and international magazines.
For me it's the coolest shop here, very fun to see, to shop and to visit.
Le Swing Vintage
, Rec 16 08003 Barcelona; +34 933 101 449
Blow by Le Swing Vintage
, Carrer del Bonaire, 6, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; +34 933 02 36 98
Casa Le Swing
, Bruc 148 08037 Barcelona, +34 931 389 049
I'm crazy with sunglasses and handbags. I have a huge collection of both and it keeps growing faster and faster.
For sunglasses you have a very cool shop called
La Toscana
. For handbags, Santa Eulalia always has the newest ones from Balenciaga, Loewe and Chloe.
Another shop where you will find good ones is
Jean Pierre Bua
, very good selection.
For jewels, which I really love, you have the best jeweler in Barcelona, her name is
Montse Esteve
. They sell at her own space and also online at Colette and Moda Operando. You must see what she does.
Óptica Toscana
, C/ Provença, 247, 08008 Barcelona, +34 934 67 59 78
Kaleos Eyehunters
, Carrer de Muntaner, 242, 08021 Barcelona, +34 932 00 74 78
Montse Esteve SL
, Carrer de Ganduxer, 29, 08021 Barcelona, +34 932 40 41 11
Jean Pierre Bua
, Avinguda Diagonal, 469, 08036 Barcelona; +34 934 39 71 00
Shoes for me are the most important thing in an outfit. The first thing I look at when I meet someone is the shoes. My eyes unintentionally go directly there.
I have a lot of sneakers -- Adidas, Vans, Converse. I love the classic ones but I also have shoes like Dr Martens boots, Balenciaga, Anya Hindmarch, Gucci... a bit of everything!
It depends on the day you feel like wearing ones or others. If you want to buy some just walk around Barcelona and go to every shop you find. You never know what you're going to see.
The best for vintage furniture is Casa Le Swing (see above for address). For modern, you can go to
, a beautiful huge shop in my neighborhood.
Luzio Concept Store
, Carrer de Ferran Agulló, 16-18, 08021 Barcelona; +34 932 09 41 23
Art and design
For art and design I would go to
Galeria Miquel Alzueta
-- stunning pieces of art. Also
Santa Monica
Palacio de la Virreina
For museums I would go to
Museo Picasso
or Fundació Joan Miró.
Galeria Miquel Alzueta
, Carrer de Sèneca, 9-11, 08006 Barcelona; +34 932 38 97 50
Virreina Palace, La Rambla, 99, 08001 Barcelona; +34 933 16 10 00
Centre d'Art Santa Mònica, La Rambla, 7, 08002 Barcelona; +34 935 67 11 10
Museu Picasso
, Carrer Montcada, 15-23, 08003 Barcelona
Fundació Joan Miró
, Parc de Montjuïc, s/n, 08038 Barcelona; +34 934 43 94 70
For book shops I would go to Loring Art, Casa Le Swing, a very known one is
but a very typical one is
Gustavo Gili
Loring Art
, Calle Floridablanca, 65-67 1º1ª, 08015 Barcelona
Editorial Gustavo Gili
, Via Laietana, 47, 08003 Barcelona; +34 933 22 81 61
For food you have
La Boqueria
in Las Ramblas, a must-visit and you will find all the typical food from Spain [such] as jamón Ibérico, fruit juices, paella and so on.
For clothes markets we don't have a lot here, but we have a furniture and decor one which is called Mercat dels Encants.
La Boqueria, La Rambla, 91, 08001 Barcelona; +34 933 18 25 84
Mercat dels Encants
, Carrer de los Castillejos, 158, 08013 Barcelona; +34 932 46 30 30
Food and drink
A gourmet shop in Barcelona is
. There is the best food and wine and they also have a new terrace where you can have breakfast, lunch and dinner.
A very cool shop of only beer is BeerStore Barcelona and you can also go to visit Antiga Fábrica Estrella Damm, very emblematic of Barcelona and they also do music events.
, Av. de Pau Casals, 24, 08021 Barcelona
BeerStore Barcelona
, Carrer de Provença, 495, 08025 Barcelona; +34 931 16 87 14
Old Factory Estrella Damm
, 08025, Carrer del Rosselló, 515, 08025 Barcelona; +34 902 30 01 25
For beauty you must go to Salón Toro, the best hairdresser here. The place is just beautiful. They are located in Paseo De Gracia, you have to go in through the Guess store. They also sell very good products.
Salón Toro
, Paseo De Gracia, 63, 08007 Barcelona; +34 93 317 08 22
Normally tourists go to where the shops and museums are, for example El Born or Barrio Gótico.
If you go to El Born, taste the best croissants at La Hofmann, visit
La Comercial
for the coolest and funniest home decor stuff,
for sunglasses (they just opened a seventh floor space which is amazing), Teresa Carles for the most healthy natural juices, Flax&Kale to have lunch and Limited Editions for the limited edition sneakers of all brands.
Hofmann Pastisseria
, Carrer dels Flassaders, 44, 08003 Barcelona; +34 932 68 82 21
, Carrer de l'Espasería 1-3, 08003 Barcelona; + 34 930186614
Teresa Carles
, Carrer de Jovellanos, 2, 08001 Barcelona; +34 933 17 18 29
, Carrer dels Tallers, 74B, 08001 Barcelona; +34 933 17 56 64
Limited Editions, Carrer de Rera Palau, 7, 08003 Barcelona; +34 933 02 23 56
The perfect weekend
If I was a tourist for a weekend in Barcelona (knowing it as a citizen), first of all, I would book a room in the best hotel for me, which is Margot House. They only have five rooms and it's located in the middle of Paseo de Gracia.
Barcelona, capital of Catalonia, is famed for its sunshine, beaches, cuisine and architecture
Another one -- bigger -- is a boutique hotel called Cotton House but I prefer the first one, you feel like home.
Maybe a good breakfast somewhere like Brunch & Cake or Milk Bar & Bistro and then a visit through the places I just said, a bit of museums, some shopping and a very important thing: lunch and dinner.
For lunch you can go to Boca Grande, for tapas go to Ciudad Condal -- so good -- and for Mediterranean food, Lio de 4 and Coure.
If you're a fan of Japanese you should go to my favorite one, El Parco. If you try it you will come again to Barcelona just to eat it again. You can choose lunch or dinner there, I prefer dinner.
For dinner also there's Marea Alta: from there you can see the sea, you will eat very good shellfish, or also at Bar Cañete, very fun one.
And finally for the views and best rice or paella you have Terraza Martinez.
Margot House
, Paseo de Gracia 46, 08007 Barcelona; +34 932 72 00 76
Cotton House
, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 670, 08010 Barcelona; +34 934 50 50 45
Brunch & Cake
, Carrer d'Enric Granados, 19, 08007 Barcelona; +34 932 37 87 65
Milk Bar & Bistro
, Carrer d'en Gignàs, 21, 08002 Barcelona; +34 932 68 09 22
Parco Restaurant
, Paseo de Gracia, 119, 08008 Barcelona; +34 932 38 78 22
Boca Grande
, Passatge de la Concepció, 12, 08008 Barcelona; +34 934 67 51 49
Ciudad Condal
, Rambla de Catalunya, 18, 08007 Barcelona; +34 933 18 19 97
Lio de 4
, Carrer de Mandri, 22, 08022 Barcelona; +34 936 81 71 63
, PJ Marimon 20, 08021 Barcelona; +34 932 00 75 32
Marea Alta
, Avenida de las Drassanes, 6-8, Piso 24, 08001 Barcelona; +34 936 31 35 90
Bar Cañete
, Carrer de la Unió, 17, 08001 Barcelona; +34 932 70 34 58
, Ctra. de Miramar, 38, 08038 Barcelona; +34 931 06 60 52
Interview has been edited for length and clarity.
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text:
Ms. Sarah Skeen
Sarah Skeen is a public health project manager and PhD student. She previously worked in mental health policy research, first as part of the Mental Health and Poverty Project at the University of Cape Town and then in the Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse at the World Health Organisation. She currently works for the Department of Psychology at Stellenbosch University, on projects focused on evaluating interventions for child development, mental health and psychosocial well-being. Her interests include child and adolescent mental health, mental health policy, and research communication. She has a Masters in Public Health and is currently completing a PhD at the University of Cape Town.
Abstract Title
Social Connection, Stigma And Community Engagement In Community-based Programmes In South Africa And Malawi
Abstract text (max 2500 characters incl spaces):
HIV-related stigma has long been identified as an issue for adults living with the disease, but there has been limited research on its
impact on children. Stigma can affect children's psychological well-being, while peer acceptance and social support may protect
children against its negative impact. Involving communities in HIV programming is increasingly recognised as central to reducing
stigma, but there is limited knowledge about how this support should be structured, and what forms of community-based
organisation (CBO) provision are best for children. The aim of this study was to investigate stigma, social connection and community
engagement reported by children and carers participating in CBO programmes. This study forms a part of the Child Community
Care study, a multi-country study of CBO provision to improve child outcomes. We interviewed 979 children and their carers
attending 28 CBOs for children affected by HIV, (randomly selected from a list of all CBOs supported by 10 partner foundations)
in South Africa and Malawi,. Stigma was measured using a set of indicators developed by UNICEF to track psychosocial outcomes
of vulnerable children, including child-report items on experience of stigma and social connection and carer-report items on the
community response to children affected by HIV/AIDS. Organisational leaders were interviewed on a range of organisational and
community measures using a questionnaire specifically developed for the study, based on qualitative interviews with key
stakeholders. We interviewed 476 boys (48.62%) and 503 girls (51.38%) girls, with a mean age of 8.97 years. Of the children,
11.17% reported that people make fun of their situation, and 10.31% reported that people speak badly about them. 11.17%
reported that no one in their communities cared about them. Boys tended to report higher levels of experienced stigma, but this was
not significant. On the other hand, high levels of positive social connection were reported, with 80.49% of children feeling that they
fitted in well, and 79.75%% reporting that they had many friends in their communities. 82.70% of children reported that they felt
proud of the community in which they live. Carers reported high levels of community support for CBO activities. 70.99% reported
that the local community supports the work of the CBO, with only 5.01% stating that the community makes things difficult for the
organisation. 27.48% stated that the community contributes to the organisation in some way, with 10.52% stating that the community
raises funds for the CBO. 93.46% reported that the adults in their community were generally concerned for the welfare of children
whose parents have HIV/AIDS. Low experience of stigma and high positive social connection outcomes for children were
significantly associated with participation in a CBO that was set up by the local community members (p=0.03), living in a community
that supported the organization (p=0.001), living in a community where community members actively contribute to the organisation
(p=0.033), where community members raised money for organisation work (p=0.046) and where adults did not maltreat children
whose parents have HIV/AIDS (p=0.04). This is cross-sectional data, and causal pathways cannot be assumed. Reported stigma
levels are low and it is possible that involvement in CBO programmes may reduce experiences of stigma for children. However,
within the sample there was a sub-group of children and adults who consistently reported experiencing stigma. Involvement of the
local community in CBO programmes may influence how children experience social support and stigmatising behaviours. CBOs are
an essential resource within communities and should work to engage their local community members in their activities to improve
social connection for children affected by HIV.
Track Descriptors
422 Track D: Socio-cultural factors and HIV: How does the social context influence behaviour? – D12 Family structures, kinship
and social safety nets for vulnerable groups (orphans, widows, others)
Young Investigator Award
Tick here to be considered for the
Young Investigator Award
Authors of the Abstract
Skeen, Sarah, University of Cape Town, South Africa (Presenting); Tomlinson, M., Mark, Stellenbosch University, South Africa;
Croome, N., Natasha, UCL, United Kingdom; Sherr, L., Lorraine, UCL, United Kingdom


text:
Hey, Marlee! Why don't you ask Ken to get on the computer and look at the hot tub you are thinking of buying! You've wanted it for two years.
Awwwe, Donna, I feel your pain and I'm sitting on it.
I agree with everyone else.. he's a stress ball right now.
But at lease you have a dishwasher!!! I'd love to have one!!
Stressed out spouses when you're not feeling too well really makes getting better harder. I think stress is kinda contagious.
Just wanted to pop in and give you a hug.
thank you all for your support and kind words...everything was put in perspective today when we took our little dog Vesta to the vet thinking 'this was really it this time'. She is 18 years old and has congestive heart failure...we were up all night with her watching her try to breath. Anyway, the vet left us alone so we could say our good byes and she jumped out of my arms and ran all aroung the office, inclduding the surgical ward and a tech had to catch her. The vet couldn't believe it...then he let her outside and she ran around the yard, sniffing, etc. Soooo...he put her on more Lasix and valium so she doesn't pace the floors at night. I told him I didn't want her to suffer and he assured me, at this point she wasn't but the day is coming, and soon. Hopefully, she will die in her sleep and I won't have to take her to the vet again...she shakes the minute we pull into his driveway. Right now she is better on the medication. But I know I have to accept this and do the right thing...can't be selfish and try to hold on.
Anyway...the tiff between the hubby and I is over, all though the silverware is still on the kitchen floor! It's really quite convenient down there on the nice clean towel!
thank you all again. Stress is a bummer.
many Huggies
Fibromyalgia, Osteoarthritis, scoliosis, back problems, hypothyroidism.
Hi Statgeek...he teaches statistics, micro-economics, investments and banking and some other business classes. I can oly help him grade the multiple choice questions on the scantron sheets. I can't read the essays...don't know squat about any of those subjects! If he was back in the class room they wouldn't load him down with so many different courses to teach...but they really take advantage of on-line professors. Of course, he teaches for about four or five schools or we couldn't eat!


text:
<< Back - 2001 > Mazda > Tribute > Engine Mechanical > Intake Plenum Gasket > Genuine
2001 Mazda Tribute Intake Plenum GasketReview Fitment Notes to Ensure Proper Fit
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Part Number: W0133-1639826
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Intake Plenum Gasket Reviews - 2001 Mazda Tribute
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The plenum gasket was $8 cheaper from Parts Geek then from my local auto parts store. The mechanic was satisfied. The part fit and I have no complaints if my mechanic does not.
August 23rd, 2016 | Posted by kathy24.5milliontoshare


text:
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DREAM THEATER - Black Clouds And Silver Linings (Deluxe Edition) (3CD)
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Black Clouds & Silver Linings marks another milestone on Dream Theater's iconoclastic career - their 10th milestone to be precise! - which began two and a half decades ago and has established the durable progressive metal outfit as a one-of-a-kind creative force with a fiercely devoted international fan base, This is a 3CD limited special edition featuring the entire album in instrumental form and 6 newly recorded classic covers, This is featured as a digi pack with individual sleeves and art by Hugh Syme.
Cat No: RR78835
Barcode: 0016861788353
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Even though I was going to be busy all weekend at The Hive, I simply HAD to pay a quick visit to the food market at Boxhagener Platz in Friedrichshain.
I only had time to take a quick round + I arrived just as they opened up (8 am), so I didn't have a chance to take a closer look and actually buy something, but I could tell right away that it was fabulous. Lots of fresh food; vegetables, fruit, bread, foreign specialties, herbs and much more.
You can easily have breakfast here, since there are several places which sell coffee and bread, and you can buy beautiful flowers to bring home with you. A real local jewel.
The market is open every Saturday from 8 am to 14 pm.
Boxhagener Platz, Friedrichshain.


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Sunday, February 17, 2008
I saw these fellas in Anchorage. They hang out at at the McDonalds near the Dimond Mall. Ravens are my favorite bird so I just had to take their picture. They were more than happy to oblige expecially after I started throwing them peices of my burger.
The Common Raven is one of the most widespread species of bird in the world. You can find them in North America, Central America, Europe, Asia, and northern Africa.
They live in the harshest of conditions. When it is -40F you can see them sitting on a snowbank all fluffed up covered with frost. They have such personality. You can see them flipping and diving and dound somersaults in the air like they are playing. They have also been known to fly upside down.
In the Inupiaq eskimo language the Raven is called "tulugaq" (pronounced TOO-loo-guk). Ravens have a featured role in many native Alaskan legends and are revered by many cultures.
Polly wanna french fry???
Posted by Cathy at 2/17/2008 11:21:00 AM
2 comments:
Thank you, thank you, thank you! AWESOME photos of my favorite bird. They are so freaking cool - I love them! You NEED to do something professional with many of your photos. You have a gift.
- February 17, 2008 at 2:55 PM
- byrningbunny said...
Love the ravens. They are everywhere we go up here.
- February 17, 2008 at 4:35 PM
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text: Ive read on the boards that (if i have understood it correctly - and theres quite often the possibility that i havent!!) that for the evening EMH's you need to get a wrist band. How does this work? And if you are in the parks during normal times do you then have to leave and re-enter? And what about the early hours for the mornings. Are there no wristbands for them? If i carry on at this rate i'll be covered in the blummin' things!! Also, i see the EMH for AK is on 17th when we go - does this mean they will let you in an hour early as the last time we went for AK early opening - it didnt!! and it was sooooo boring waiting at those gates!


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Saint Mary of the Cross MacKillop (Mary MacKillop Heritage Centre)Print Page
The Mary MacKillop Heritage Centre commemorates Saint Mary of the Cross MacKillop's life and work and the contribution of the Sisters of St Joseph to Australian culture.
The Heritage centre was formerly St Joseph`s Providence which was run by the Sisters of St Joseph`s who provided accommodation for working girls.
The Mary MacKillop Museum tells the story of St Mary of the Cross MacKillop, her life and work and the work of the Sisters of St Joseph. Particular emphasis is given to Victoria, as Mary was born and raised in Melbourne and spent her early life with her family in Victoria.
At the age of twenty four Mary with Fr. Julian Tenison Woods founded the Congregation of the Sisters of St Joseph in Penola, South Australia. This was the beginning of her dream to dedicate her life to the service of God and the poor. Mary later returned to Victoria with members of her congregation in the 1890's.
Mary MacKillop was Canonised on October 17, 2010 at St Peter's Basilica, Rome. Pope Benedict XVI proclaimed Mary's sainthood during the Canonisation Mass. Over 8000 pilgrims from Australia and New Zealand attended the ceremony.
|362 Albert Street, Mary MacKillop Heritage Centre, East Melbourne , 3002
|GPS Coordinates:
|Lat: -37.809771
Long: 144.979336
Note: GPS Coordinates are approximate.
|Monument Type:
|Monument Theme:
|Actual Monument Dedication Date:
|Friday 9th November, 2007
Mark Mackillop
Heritage Centre
Plaque :
Mark Mackillop Heritage Centre
Was Blessed By
His Grace Archbishop Denis Hart
And Opened By
Sr. Katrina Brill Congregational Leader &
Sr. Anne Tuck Province Leader
November 9th 2007.