text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 18, 1983
|Filing date
|Sep 16, 1980
|Priority date
|Mar 24, 1977
|Publication number
|Hugh F. Frohbach, Robert E. Myers, Norman A. Peppers, Thomas L. Siwecki, Louis F. Schaefer
|Original Assignee
|Thomas Lee Siwecki
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (17), Non-Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (22), Classifications (56)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 948,906, filed Oct. 5, 1978, now abandoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 781,056 filed Mar. 24, 1977, now abandoned.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to document storage and retrieval systems. In a primary application the invention relates to storing information by using a modulated light source to redistribute the material of a deformable film coating.
2. Description of Prior Art
A variety of file systems have been considered for storing many documents onto a high resolution material. Microfilm systems optically reduce the original and photograph it on a high resolution emulsion. Photographic systems of this type, including scanned photographic systems, require time-consuming wet photography. Thus new entries to the file take considerable time to be made available. In addition, portions of a photographic film storage medium cannot be separately addressed at different times because the development process normally encompasses the entire film. Thus new documents cannot be added to an existing photographic storage medium. Photographic storage appears best-suited to applications where the entire plate is exposed in a single interval such as U.S. Pat. No. 3,198,880 "Photographic Disc Reproduction System for Television Signals" issued to P. M. G. Toulon on Aug. 3, 1965.
One solution to the problem of having the stored information immediately available is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,314,073 "Laser Recorder with Vaporizable Film" issued to Carl H. Becker on Oct. 20, 1964. In this system a thin thermally vaporizable film is coated onto a plastic substrate. An intense laser, focused on the coating, is used to vaporize the coating and produce arrays of transparent holes representing the information on being stored. These can be immediately read out using light sources imaged at the holes.
This system, however, has a number of practical problems. Firstly, the large energies required to vaporize the film can only be realized by very expensive, high power lasers at the desired writing speeds. Secondly the strip format of the recording material, in the form of motion picture film, results in relatively slow accessing times to specific regions. Also the lack of an accurate tracking method results in relatively low resolution and thus inefficient use of the area in recording data.
Rapid accessing times can be achieved using the disc format where the radial motion is used to find the desired document and the circumferential motion is used to rapidly read it out. Disc recording is normally used in applications where the entire disc is written on in a single sequence. For example in the recording of television programs, as is done in the MCA Disco-Vision system, the entire disc is written at one time and copies are made from it. In document storage systems, however, where individual documents are added at different times, the disc presents serious tracking problems. If the disc is removed and then remounted, the resultant eccentricities of the tracks from a slightly off-center mounting can cause the tracks to cross and thus be destroyed. If large guard spaces are used to avoid track crossing, the storage area is used inefficiently and a limited number of documents can be stored. In addition to eccentricities, various warping and distortions of the recording media can also cause the subsequently recorded tracks to cross with previously recorded tracks and thus destroy the stored information.
In the MCA Disco-Vision system, as with other disc recording systems, the information is recorded and played back at constant angular velocity. This makes inefficient use of the area of the disc and results in recording power problems. Much greater recording power is needed in the outer diameter parts of the disc because of the increased relative motion between the disc and the modulated recording light source. In addition, the inner diameters have resolution problems because the information is packed more closely together. A given data rate, at the reduced relative motion, results in greater packing density. A relatively large inner region of the disc is often unused because of this consideration.
An object of this invention is to provide an information storage system which allows rapid writing from relatively low-power sources in a format which can be immediately read.
It is also an object of this invention to provide a document storage and retrieval system where the documents are rapidly scanned, stored on a relatively inexpensive media using a low power source, and are capable of being immediately and rapidly accessed, read out and printed.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a method of high-density recording on a disc without the recorded tracks overlapping due to distortion of the disc or a lack of concentricity during each recording interval.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a method of efficiently utilizing the area of the disc and the recording power by recording at a constant linear velocity.
Briefly, in accordance with the invention, a recording medium is used consisting of a deformable film deposited on a disc-shaped substrate. A modulated light beam causes local redistributions of the material of the deformable film resulting in information storage. To insure that the recorded tracks do not overlap, yet have a high packing density, a tracking light beam is used, having a fixed radial distance with respect to the modulated light beam, so that the tracks are accurately recorded with respect to the previously recorded track. For optimum use of the area of the disc, and to provide constant recording power requirements, the disc is rotated so as to maintain a constant linear velocity of the modulated light beam with respect to the rotating disc. In a document storage and retrieval system the document is scanned with the resultant signal modulating the writing light beam. On readout, the readout light beam produces a recording signal which is applied to a printer.
For a more complete disclosure of the invention, reference can be made to the following detailed description of several illustrative embodiments thereof which is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention using a rotating disc;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional representation of an embodiment of the storage medium;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a tracking system; and
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the storage medium using electrical energy for addressing.
It is often desired to store information from documents and subsequently read them out in an automatic fashion to replace manual files. A convenient method of storage is the disc configuration shown in FIG. 1 where the data from the documents become tracks on the disc such as tracks 27 on disc 10. The original document, not shown, is scanned on document scanner 14. This can be a conventional facsimile scanner having the document on a rotating drum or a flatbed structure. The resultant scanned signal, in an appropriate form, is used to modulate the light from laser 12. This appropriate form can be the analog signal itself, or preferably a frequency modulated form of the signal where different values of reflectance on the document represent different frequencies in the signal. Alternatively, the scanned signal can be a digital representation of the document information. In this form it is convenient to use various forms of bandwidth compression, if desired.
The scanned signal is applied to modulator 13 which modulates the light from laser 12. The resultant modulated light beam 28, in reasonably collimated fashion is directed so as to be focused on the surface of disc 10. It goes through partially silvered mirror 22, is reflected by mirror 23, and goes through linear actuator 20 and pickup arm 26 to the recording region. Linear actuator 20 is used to move the pickup arm 26 radially with respect to rotating disc 20 while allowing the modulated light beam 28 to pass through. The modulated light beam is reflected by mirror 24 onto air bearing assembly 25 which includes the objective lens. The air bearing maintains the objective lens at a fixed distance from the surface of disc 10 to insure that the beam will be focused and produce a diffraction-limited spot.
Previous recording systems have used photographic emulsions. Although these are very sensitive, having modest light requirements, they result in a very limited and inconvenient system. The stored document information cannot be immediately read out since an awkward photographic development operation is required. Systems such as U.S. Pat. No. 3,314,073 described in the description of prior art, have used a vaporizable film where the laser power renders the film into the gaseous state and removes the material. These systems require very high laser powers and are thus awkward, expensive, and have limited data writing rates. In the system described here, a novel approach is used where the laser power causes a local deformation on a film by redistributing the material. Significantly reduced power is required since the material is not brought to the gaseous state. Also, since these redistributions are of a form which can be optically read out, the stored information is immediately available without any further processing. The size of the redistribution regions can be carefully controlled, using this reduced power, so as to provide high storage density.
Disc 10 consists of coating 31 on substrate 30. The coating can be a thin metallic film such as a 400 Angstrom film of tellurium. Coatings in the thickness range from 100 to 500 Angstroms would appear to be suitable. The material should be such that, with modest energies, it is brought momentarily to the liquid state. In this state, through surface tension, the material redistributes itself in a manner which allows it to be subsequently read out.
The same configuration of FIG. 2 can be used for reading out the stored document and displaying it. Light beam 28 from laser 12 is now used in an unmodulated fashion with document scanner 14 and modulator 13 not functioning. This light beam, focused on recorded track 27 is selectively reflected by the redistributions of material on deformable film 31 to create a reflected light beam containing the document information. This light beam traverses the same path as the incident light beam, in the opposite direction. Part of it is reflected by partially silvered mirror 22 and detected by detector 15. This detector can be a photocell which produces the recording signal 29. This signal can be applied to printer 16 which is a standard facsimile printer using any of a variety of techniques to convert signal 29 into variations of reflectance on a substrate. Some of the printing methods currently used include electrochemical, thermal, electrostatic, and mechanical. These are all commercially available. Alternatively, the signal can be applied to a television type display system where it can be viewed. An intermediate storage system can be used to store the recording signal so that it can be repeatedly applied to the display.
Previous disc recording systems have used constant angular velocity, with the motor speed remaining constant. This results in increased writing power requirements at the outer radii of the disc where the linear velocity is greatest. In addition, the area of the disc is inefficiently used since the data is excessively packed together at the inner radii. Usually only a limited area of the disc is used in these systems. In FIG. 2, these problems are solved by recording and playing back with a constant linear velocity.
On recording a radial indicating signal 21 is derived from linear actuator 20 which indicates the radial position of the objective lens assembly 25. This radial indicating signal is applied to motor speed control 19 which controls motor 11 such that the product of the radius and the motor speed remain a constant. This provides constant linear velocity of the focused modulated light beam with respect to the surface of the disc 10.
On playback, recording signal 29 is applied to the data rate monitor 17. This monitor measures the data rate of this signal 29 and applies an error signal 18 to motor speed control 19 so as to keep the data rate constant. A constant data rate corresponds to constant linear velocity if the track has been recorded at constant linear velocity.
The data rate monitor can simply measure the bit rate if a digital format is used. If a frequency modulated format is used the data rate monitor can measure the frequency during the synchronization pulse regions where the frequency should be a constant. Alternatively, if a buffered system is used with the printer 16, the data rate monitor can measure the status of the buffer.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment where the recording and playback are conveniently used in a single system. In some applications it may be more convenient to use separate systems. For example, a disc containing a number of stored documents could be used with a number of readout systems where these documents are printed out or displayed. The readout-only system normally requires a lower power light source and no light modulator and is thus less expensive.
In many existing systems all of the information is written onto the disc at a single time interval without ever removing the disc and replacing it. In these the registration of each newly written track with respect to the previously recorded tracks is reasonably accurate since there is no problem of concentricity. However, even in these systems, subtle warpage or other distortions of the disc between recording periods can cause problems. The newly reduced tracks can overlap previously recorded tracks, thus destroying information. This problem is avoided by increasing track spacing, thus reducing the storage capability.
This tracking problem is particularly aggravated in systems where the disc is removed and then replaced, as would be the case in the desirable versatile arrangements. Here the eccentricity caused by the replaced disc not being exactly centered again can cause the tracks to cross and destroy information. If guard bands are placed between recording intervals, much of the information storage capacity is lost.
This problem is solved by the unique approach illustrated in FIG. 2. Here the focused modulated light beam 42 is referenced to a previously recorded track 41 so as to insure that the tracks maintain the desired spacing independent of eccentricity or distortion. Initially a reference track is written on the outer periphery of the disc. This can be done using a lead screw to radially drive a light source while the disc is being rotated. A tracking light source, positioned a fixed radial distance with respect to the modulated light source, is used to track the reference track and thus position the writing beam. As new tracks are written, the tracking beam tracks those to accurately position the focused modulated light beam with respect to the previously recorded track.
In FIG. 2 the modulated light beam 28 is produced by an argon laser source 12 and modulator 13. This beam is transmitted through dichroic mirrors 51 and 43. These mirrors are transmissive to the shorter wavelength of the argon laser and reflective or partially reflective to the longer wavelength of the helium neon laser 46 which is the source of the tracking light beam 52. The modulated light beam 28 is then reflected off controllable mirror 24 and focused by objective lens 40 onto the surface of rotating disc 10 to produce focused modulated light beam 42.
The tracking light beam 52 is reflected from dichroic mirror 51 and is partially transmitted by the partially reflective dichroic mirror 43. It is then also reflected off controllable mirror 24, at a slightly different angle, and focused by lens 40 to produce a focused tracking beam at track 41 which is displaced a fixed radial distance from the focused modulated light beam 42. The light reflected from track 41 traverses the same optical path in the opposite direction and is partially reflected off partially reflecting dichroic mirror 43. This reflected beam is focused by lens 50 onto adjacent photocells 48 and 49. Their outputs are applied to difference amplifier 47. This amplifier subtracts the two photocell outputs to form error signal 53. This signal will be zero when the two outputs are equal which corresponds to the focused tracking beam being exactly on the previously recorded track 41. If it is off on either side, either photocell 48 or 49 will have a greater output, generating a positive or negative error signal 53. This error signal is coupled to the mirror actuator system 45 which drives rotator 44 and thus pivots mirror 24 in response to signal 53. The mirror actuator system 45 can be a servo-amplifier with rotator 44 a servo-motor. As mirror 24 rotates the focused tracking light beam is brought onto the center of previously recorded track 41 and the focused modulated light beam 42 is simultaneously moved to remain a fixed radial distance from the focused tracking light beam. Thus the focused modulated light beam is kept a fixed radial distance from the previously recorded track.
The mirror 24, rotator 44 and objective lens holder 25 are all supported by pickup arm 26 of FIG. 1. This pickup arm is moved radially by linear actuator 20 which provides the coarse radial motions which brings the tracking system into the vicinity of the correct track. The rotating tracking mirror 24 has a range of a number of tracks so that the coarse radial position provided by linear actuator 20 needn't be very accurate.
The tracking light system can also be used in the readout mode without using the modulated light beam 28 from the argon laser 12. As the focused tracking light beam tracks the previously recorded tracks it is providing a readout of these tracks in addition to a tracking error signal 53. For example the output of either photocell, such as 48 as shown, can be used for the readout signal 29 which is then applied to the display system or printer 16. Alternatively, the sum of the two photocells 48 and 49 can be used for readout signal 29.
Assembly 25 in FIGS. 1 and 2 contains the objective lens 40 which must be kept a fixed distance from the surface of disc 10. This can be accomplished by an air bearing system such as the one described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,947,888 "Hydrodynamic Bearing Head Providing Constant Spacing" issued to Manfred H. Jarsen on Mar. 30, 1976.
As shown in FIG. 3, a number of methods may be used to redistribute the material in deformable film 31. Referring to the upper layers only and ignoring the lower layers, the incident energy causes the material in film 31 to become momentarily liquified. Due to phenomena such as surface tension the material redistributes itself in a new configuration which can be subsequently read out. With sufficient incident power the material in deformable film 31 will redistribute itself so as to form a void 33. This can be read out in a number of ways. For example, the variation in light transmission can be measured by transmitting a focused readout beam through the film to a photocell on the other side of the substrate. Generally, however, it is more convenient to have the readout beam measure variations in reflected light as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
The variations in reflection can be enhanced by the use of an additional anti-reflection coating 32 placed between the deformable film 31 and the light source. Firstly, however, this film has an important function in the writing operation by matching the modulated light beam to the deformable film 31. Anti-reflection coating 32 can provide matching by being a quarter wave thick at the writing wavelength and having a refractive index which is the geometric mean of that of free space and that of the deformable film. Alternatively it can be a more complex multilayer coating. The film will thus minimize the reflections of the modulated light beam so that most of the energy goes into deformable film 31.
The coating 31 can serve a variety of functions in the reflective readout mode. For example it can miminize the reflections of the readout beam from the film, and result in large reflections in the vicinity of voids 33 because the coating 32 is intentionally not matched to the substrate material 30. Alternatively, when using a readout wavelength different from that of the writing beam, a relatively large reflection can be obtained at the metal film and a small reflection at the void since, at the readout wavelength, the coating 32 is better matched to the substrate 30 than the deformable film 31. Here the readout signal will have the opposite polarity since it will decrease in the written regions.
The power requirements are further diminished by having the modulated light beam liquefy only the upper portion of the film. Here the material will redistribute itself in the forms shown in 34 and 35 where the depth of the resultant distribution is less than the original film thickness. In 34 the material has redistributed itself into a concave region and in 35 it has become a concave diffuse region because of the material used. These are also read out due to their varying reflectivity. This variation is due to combinations of effects. One effect is the partial destruction of the matching between anti-reflection coating 32 and the deformable film 31 due to the small separation. This causes increased reflections at the exposed regions. Another effect is the spreading of the reflected light caused by the concavity 34. This can cause an effective increase or decrease in reflectivity depending on the remainder of the optical system. The lens action of the concavity can cause the reflected beam to be more or less concentrated on the receiving photocell as determined by the optics. The diffuse region 35 will, in general, cause a spreading of the light beam without lens action. This effect alone will result in an effective decrease in reflectivity.
It is important to note that the particular mode of operation is determined by the power level of the modulated light beam. To maintain this at its proper value, the newly written track can be immediately read out with the resultant signal used to control the power of the modulated light beam. For example, referring to FIG. 2, the signal from a previously written track, such as signal 29, is used to control the recording power level, such as by applying it to modulator 13. The readout should be done at some information independent portion of the track, such as a portion corresponding to a synchronization region, which should always produce the same readout signal.
The ability to use the anti-reflection coating 32, with is many advantages is a result of the novel recording scheme used where the film material is redistributed by the modulated light beam. In the prior art, where high powers are used to vaporize the material, this coating could not be used since it does not permit the escape of the vaporized material.
As shown in FIG. 3, both sides of the disc can be used. An additional deformable film 31 and anti-reflection coating 32 is deposited on the underside of the substrate 30. This can be separately written on and read out in the same manner previously described to double the storage capacity of each disc.
In the systems discussed thus far the writing modulated light beam itself caused the redistribution of material in the deformable film 31. An alternate embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 where the modulated light beam acts as a control of another energy source which contributes to the process of redistributing the material in deformable film 31. Here a photoconductor 60 and a transparent conductor 61 are deposited on the deformable film 31. If desired, these coatings can also have some of the anti-reflection properties of coating 32 previously described. In addition, substrate 30 is made of conductive material. A power source 62 is connected between the transparent conductor 61 and the conducting substrate 30. The modulated light beam 28, as before, is focused by objective lens 40 to form a focused spot 42 in the region of the photoconductive coating 60 and the deformable film 31. This focused modulated light beam changes the photoconductor from an insulator to a conductor, thus completing the electrical path in the vicinity of the focused light beam 42. This electrical energy is then applied to that region of deformable film 31 and contributes to the process of redistributing the material of the film to create the writing action.
Although most of the embodiments illustrated used readout in the reflection mode, light transmission can also be used where the readout beam and photocell pickup are on opposite sides of the disc. This mode, however, is limited to the redistribution arrangement 33 of FIG. 3 where a void is created. It is also limited to recording the information on one side of the substrate 30.
Formats other than the disc format illustrated can be used with this system. The deformable film can be used in a rotating drum configuration with the light sources appropriately translated along the axis of the drum. Alternatively the deformable film can be used in a flat bed format where the light beams are mechanically or electro-optically scanned across the stationary deformable film. In all of the formats the tracking while writing can be accomplished by referencing to a previously recorded track as was described for the disc format.
The systems as described used the signal from a scanned document to modulate the writing light beam to produce the redistributions of material on the deformable film. The information used to modulate the light beam can, of course, be any signal source. One important application is the storage of digital information. Thus modulator 13 in FIG. 1 can be driven by a digital signal derived from a computer. The signal 29 read out by detector 15 will then be the desired digital information.
The track format on disc 10 will generally be a spiral so that continuous information can be recorded over more than one track. In some applications, however, it may be convenient to use a concentric ring format. In this case the linear actuator 20, rather than moving continuously, moves in radial steps following each revolution of disc 10.
Under some conditions disc 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2 may be subject to excessive vibration. Under those circumstances air bearing assembly 25 may not be able to adequately follow these variations, especially when they occur at a relatively high frequency. This problem is solved by the use of a forced air system, not shown, on the underside of the disc 10. This forced air can be derived from an annular array of apertures positioned under the disc. The air creates a force proportional to position which both reduces the amplitude and frequency of the vibration. In addition, it provides a viscous force which damps the vibration. These effects bring the variations within the range of air bearing assembly 25.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
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|Apr 11, 1967
|Prec Instr Company
|Laser recorder with vaporizable film
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|Mar 4, 1969
|Gauss Electrophysics Inc
|Transparent recording disc
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|Dec 7, 1971
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|Information storage systems
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|Jan 18, 1972
|Energy Conversion Devices Inc
|Information-recording system employing amorphous materials
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|Apr 18, 1972
|Precision Instr Co
|Laser recording system with both surface defect and data error checking
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|May 23, 1972
|Energy Conversion Devices Inc
|Information storage systems utilizing amorphous thin films
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|Oct 3, 1972
|Energy Conversion Devices Inc
|Optical mass memory employing amorphous thin films
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|Mar 13, 1973
|Bell Telephone Labor Inc
|Recording and display method and apparatus
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|Jun 10, 1975
|Bell Telephone Labor Inc
|Metal film recording media for laser writing
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|Dec 16, 1975
|Zenith Radio Corp
|Biased video disc stabilizer system
|Dec 6, 1974
|Jul 13, 1976
|U.S. Philips Corporation
|Opto-electronic focus detection system
|Jun 27, 1974
|Sep 14, 1976
|Sydnor-Barent, Inc.
|Recorder and reproducer system
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|Sep 28, 1976
|Teletype Corporation
|Astigmatizer for laser recording and reproducing system
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|Nov 2, 1976
|Robert Bosch G.M.B.H.
|Information carrier
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|Jul 19, 1977
|Data carrier optically read out by transmission, and method of manufacturing said data carrier
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|Jul 26, 1977
|Data carrier optically readable by transmission and method of manufacturing such a data carrier
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|Sep 27, 1977
|An optical information recording system in which the energy when transmitted to the recording layer is constant
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|"Micromachining & Image Recording on Thin Film by Laser Beams" by Maydan, .COPYRGT.1971, The Bell. System Technical Journal, vol. 39, No. 6, Jul.-Aug. 1971, pp. 1761-1789.
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|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jul 21, 1989
|Feb 5, 1991
|Elpatronic Ag
|Method for the application and reading of, and bottle with optically readable code marks
|Oct 3, 1989
|Sep 3, 1991
|Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
|Process for preparing substrate of optical disc
|Sep 24, 1990
|Jun 9, 1992
|Bongrain Sa
|Installation for the laser marking of the surface of a cheese or delicatessen food product
|Jun 10, 1992
|Jan 18, 1994
|Iomega Corporation
|Acousto-optical intensity control of laser beam during etching of optical servo information of magnetic media
|Apr 24, 1998
|Oct 30, 2001
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Technique for scanning documents using a spiral path locus
|Jun 29, 2000
|May 7, 2002
|Kuo-Ming Chung
|Scanning device for bar-code scanner
|Nov 28, 2000
|Jul 1, 2003
|3M Innovative Properties Co.
|Display system
|Feb 21, 2003
|Jan 4, 2005
|Lockheed Martin Corporation
|Low cost fast steering mirror
|Apr 26, 2006
|Dec 16, 2008
|Yamaha Corporation
|Optical disc recording apparatus and method of forming an image on an optical disc
|Jan 27, 2004
|Apr 14, 2009
|Panasonic Corporation
|Optical head with light sources of different wavelength
|Sep 26, 2005
|Jun 1, 2010
|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
|Optical printhead
|May 27, 2009
|Jun 5, 2012
|Brigham Young University
|Data storage media containing carbon and metal layers
|Jan 27, 2004
|Apr 13, 2006
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|Optical head and device and system provided with this
|Apr 26, 2006
|Oct 26, 2006
|Yamaha Corporation
|Optical disc recording apparatus and method of forming an image on an optical disc
|Sep 26, 2005
|Mar 29, 2007
|Van Brocklin Andrew L
|Optical printhead
|May 27, 2009
|Mar 18, 2010
|Asplund Matthew C
|Data storage containing carbon and metal layers
|Sep 14, 2012
|Nov 20, 2014
|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
|Remelting method and subsequent refilling and component
|Nov 28, 1984
|Jun 12, 1985
|Unisys Corporation
|Cost-reduced optical disk record
|Nov 28, 1984
|Jul 1, 1987
|Burroughs Corporation (A Delaware Corporation)
|Cost-reduced optical disk record
|Mar 22, 1985
|Oct 16, 1985
|Sony Corporation
|Optical disk player
|Nov 21, 1984
|Jun 6, 1985
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|Cost-reduced optical disk record
|Jun 8, 1993
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|Acousto-optical intensity control of laser beam
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Little ones will rock and roll their way to stronger motor skills on the 2-in-1 Rock 'n Scoot horse!
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text:
I'm trying to put together the ultimate car camping coffee system for times when I can't use my campstove. I'm looking at 12 volt coffee and espresso makers, and 12 volt immersion heaters to use with my usual drip filter system. I'm also rethinking my milk situation.
Has anyone tried the Velox 12 volt Coffeebreak espresso maker? It looks cool, but seems to be made of plastic. I'm worried the serving won't be enough for two people.
I didn't like any of the makers with a glass carafe, because, well, I'm camping and they're breakable. Any experiences with the RoadPro system that brews into a stainless steel mug?
I'm leaning towards a 12 volt immersion heater, to boil water and then use my drip cone directly into mugs. Compact, cheap, straightforward. One web poster said they can take 20 minutes to boil water, though. Any experiences with these?
OK, lastly, the milk. I like clean camping, and a carton of 1/2 and 1/2 in the cooler with a dubious ice situation gets gross. I've found tiny little 3.6 oz cans of La Lechera sweetened condensed milk with pull tops, and also Nestle Nido dry whole milk as options. Any opinions on these?
Anyone else out there obsess over this little ritual?


text:
p.2 The Navigation - Pierrepont making regular trips to Island and Cape; river and outer harbor are clear, but lake is a dreary desert of ice as far as the telescope can see from lighthouse at Nine-Mile Point; Snake Island light was set up on April 27th, 1872 and this was considered a very late date; there have been no arrivals at Kingston from lake or river yet; str. Norfolk went to Napanee and reports Bay of Quinte clear but Picton's harbor is frozen.
-str. Norseman left Port Hope yesterday for Charlotte.
p.3 Launches - Messrs. Power & Son have launched the harbor tugs Franklin and Mixer, which have been on the ways all winter for repairs, and on Saturday will set the fine new propeller afloat, of which more anon.
April 23, 1875
p.2 The Launch - new prop. can't be launched yet because painting was delayed by weather.
p.3 The Navigation - str. Queen arrived from Gananoque.
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text:
Ok, here's the setup. 5 adults, Fri night dinner, prime-time (probably btwn 7-8).. 2 of the adults are from out-of-town, so it would be fun to take them to an interesting, fun place with good atmosphere/vibe..Need a place that has great food, fun energy, takes reservations, and is VERY reasonably priced --entrees mostly in, say, the $14-17 range, topping out at $20 max. Wine/cocktail list is not as important as those in the group aren't big drinkers, if at all. Bonus points if we can find a restaurant right in the South End, as that is home base. But, somewhere else in the city is ok, would prefer not to drive out though. Here are the leading contenders, in order of my preference. I believe they all take reservations -- Thoughts? Other ideas? TIA.
Eastern Standard
Petit Robert Bistro
Columbus Cafe (?)
Bouchee (?) --not sure why we'd choose this over PRB tho'....


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United States, country of origin. Smooth on both sides other than an imprint. I'm wondering if it may be a generic Oxycodone
I have white, oval pill, one side says 58, and the other side says IV?
- Asked
- 28 Apr 2016 by Katherine Berish
- Active
- 4 May 2016
- Topics
- oxycodone, generic, pain medication, pill
Answers (1)
Further Information
- Oxycodone Information for Consumers
- Oxycodone Information for Healthcare Professionals (includes dosage details)
- Side Effects of Oxycodone (detailed)
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Brittany F.
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Experience* Currently employed School Teacher for 8th Grade Mathematics in a public school. Won the district award this year for "Most Outstanding Teacher." Awarded at ceremony this year for students with Perfect Scores on State Test.
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The summer is finally here, and with it comes more time outdoors and — hopefully — more time behind the trigger. If you've recently joined the suppressor club, you might want to consider running subsonic ammunition this summer. Why? When used with a suppressor, subsonic ammo significantly reduces a firearm's muzzle blast to hearing-safe levels. In other words, with the two used together, you don't need to wear shooting muffs or earplugs.
For those uninitiated, subsonic ammunition is typically manufactured with reduced powder charges and increased bullet weight. The goal is to propel the bullet below the speed of sound (approximately 1,130 fps at 70 degrees) so there is no sonic crack. Subsonic ammunition, whether you're running it through a suppressed .22 pistol or 300 AAC Blackout rifle, is guaranteed to produce smiles all the way around.
Here are three reasons why it's better than a cold beer on a hot summer day:
Better and Less Expensive
It was only a few years ago when obtaining subsonic ammunition was a difficult and expensive endeavor. These days, subsonic ammunition has become increasingly available and less expensive. This is largely due to the significant increase of suppressors in private hands. Here are some recommendations for subsonic ammunition that can be shipped right to your door:
300 AAC Blackout: Discreet Ballistics 190gr Target. Discreet Ballistics is like that special restaurant or craft beer that only a few people "in the know" shoot. This company specializes specifically in subsonic ammunition. They developed some of the most accurate commercially available subsonic rifle loadings today. .22LR Subsonic: Gemtech .22LR Match Subsonic. Gemtech was founded by Phil Dater, who is considered by many to be the godfather of the suppressor industry. 9MM Subsonic: Atlanta Arms 9MM 147gr FMJ. Atlanta Arms uses some of the most advanced loading machinery from Mark 7


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Your projects have photos, notes, and audio.? How are you keeping it all organized???
hello experts! i need help on my tv panasonic tc-21fj20p vertical diode replacement. diode code...
Playing music from a portable MP3 player in the car has always seemed obvious but for early adopters, it's been a struggle until recently. One increasingly popular alternative is using FM transmitters that broadcast the music signal from your player to an unused frequency on your car's radio. I have tried three different gadgets that are all supposed to achieve the same result but have discovered that there are quite a few things to consider when shopping for a FM transmitter solution.
Whether you want to learn how to Get More Out of Your Gear, share a product review, ask a question, or just chat about your favorite electronic goodies, the TechLore Community is the place to be. Best of all, TechLore is free to join and registration is simple. Join now!
From 8/8/2007 to 10/8/07, stop by MyDigitalEntertainer.com and take a quick, four question survey telling us about what entertains you. Those who complete the survey will be entered to win one of four brand new NETGEAR EVA8000 Digital Entertainer HDs. Learn how you can win!
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(CNN) -- The second Powerball ticket holder in last month's record jackpot has come forward to claim winnings worth nearly $200 million before taxes, the Arizona Lottery said Friday.
The winner, who has not been identified, is in his 30s, is married and lives in Fountain Hills, northeast of Phoenix, said Karen Bach, director of budget, communications and products at the Arizona Lottery. He and his wife relocated about a year ago from Pennsylvania and had played Powerball in Arizona only twice.
The $587.6 million jackpot from the November 28 drawing had a cash option of $384.7 million before taxes. The Arizona winner has opted to take cash, $192.5 million, before taxes.
On the day of the draw, "he handed the clerk a $20 bill and he said, 'I'd like 10 in Quick Pick Powerball tickets,'" she told reporters. "The retailer tried to encourage him to spend the entire 20 and he said, 'No, $10 is all I want to spend.' Clearly, that was enough."
He left his ticket overnight on the sun visor in his vehicle and retrieved it the next day, when he and his wife checked the numbers against those posted on the lottery website, she said.
"They checked the numbers over and over again and were just absolutely shocked," Bach said.
Since then, the couple has assembled a legal and financial team to guide them through the process and began meeting with them on Monday, going so far as to use a whiteboard to write down how they wanted to allocate their newfound assets, Bach said. Columns on the whiteboard included entries for financial, legal and "fun," she said.
The couple opted to claim the prize before the end of the year "because of concerns over the fiscal cliff in 2013," she said.
The winnings are to be awarded on about December 14, said Jeff Hatch-Miller, executive director of the Arizona Lottery. Hatch-Miller, who met Friday morning with the winner in a hotel suite in Scottsdale, said the winner likes what he does and has no immediate plans to change it.
"The winner said, 'You know, I like my job; I'd like to continue working my job,'" Hatch-Miller said. He described the man's work as "just a regular job, like yours or mine -- it's not a high-level job."
The winner's anonymity is not likely to last. A spokeswoman for the Arizona Lottery, Cindy Esquer, said it would release his name on Monday to news organizations that file Freedom of Information Act requests for it.
Two winners from Missouri claimed their half of the jackpot on November 30.
The prize is considered income by the IRS, meaning that the highest federal tax rate of 35% will apply. Each winner would therefore owe $67 million to the IRS, said Mark Luscombe, principal analyst at tax research firm CCH, in an interview last month.


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IMPA1 encodes an enyzme that dephosphorylates myo-inositol monophosphate to generate free myo-inositol, a precursor of phosphatidylinositol, and is therefore an important modulator of intracellular signal transduction via the production of the second messengers myoinositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. Additionally we are shipping Inositol(myo)-1(or 4)-Monophosphatase 1 Antibodies (34) and Inositol(myo)-1(or 4)-Monophosphatase 1 Kits (8) and many more products for this protein.
Showing 10 out of 20 products:
IMPase has a role in intracellular myo-inositol synthesis in craniofacial development and the maintenance of proper brain function
local synthesis of IMPA1 is required for neurotrophin (show BDNF Proteins)-dependent axon growth; selective regulation of IMPA1 levels in axons may provide a target for the development of new therapeutic strategies for specific neurological and psychiatric diseases
IMPA1 was expressed in round spermatids
Results suggest that calbindin D28k (show CALB1 Proteins) acts as an activity-dependent sensor that targets membrane/cytoskeleton-bound myo-inositol monophosphatase in central neurons.
IMPA2 (show IMPA2 Proteins) has a separate function in vivo from that of IMPA1
IMPA1-/- mouse represents a novel model to study inositol homeostasis, and indicates that genetic inactivation of IMPA1 can mimic some actions of lithium
The identification of a novel homozygous duplication of 5 bp in IMPA1, in a large consanguineous family with nine individuals with severe intellectual disability and disruptive behavior.
The current study did not support a substantial role of the upregulation of IMPase in bipolar disorder, although the lithium-insensitivity trait seen in IMPA2 (show IMPA2 Proteins) transgenic mice might represent some aspect relevant to the inositol depletion hypothesis.
This gene encodes an enyzme that dephosphorylates myo-inositol monophosphate to generate free myo-inositol, a precursor of phosphatidylinositol, and is therefore an important modulator of intracellular signal transduction via the production of the second messengers myoinositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. This enzyme can also use myo-inositol-1,3-diphosphate, myo-inositol-1,4-diphosphate, scyllo-inositol-phosphate, glucose-1-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-1-phosphate, beta-glycerophosphate, and 2'-AMP as substrates. This enzyme shows magnesium-dependent phosphatase activity and is inhibited by therapeutic concentrations of lithium. Inhibition of inositol monophosphate hydroylosis and subsequent depletion of inositol for phosphatidylinositol synthesis may explain the anti-manic and anti-depressive effects of lithium administered to treat bipolar disorder. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. A pseudogene of this gene is also present on chromosome 8q21.13.
inositol monophosphatase 1
, Inositol monophosphatase
, IMPase 1
, inositol-1(or 4)-monophosphatase 1
, lithium-sensitive myo-inositol monophosphatase A1
, myo-inositol monophosphatase


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Sanctity is the highest human fulfillment, that is not impossible to attain. This is the major reason why heartwarming Cebuanos never fail to visit the Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish Church in Cebu whenever there is an urgent need for them to nourish their spirituality. Descriptively, this is one of the biggest churches at the heart of Cebu City which is conveniently located in one of the biggest barangays of the said province. The ever famous Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish in Cebu City pays honor and homage to the Our Lady of Guadalupe de Cebu.
Based on its historical accounts, a humble chicken trapper who goes by the name of Ricardo Ramirez had once lived in a quiet territory which looked like a jungle; had seen a mysterious ray of light coming from a cave which was commonly alluded to as "langub na duha'y baba" (a cave with dual mouths). The said cave was adjacent near a free-flowing body of water that is called as "Sapang Diyot" in Barangay Kalunasan in Cebu. Due to his amazement, Ricardo Ramirez immediately called the attention of his fellow trappers. But to his surprise, they did not see anything unusual. As a result, the beleaguered man made a sudden decision on his own to investigate about this extraordinary phenomenon which eventually changed his life for the better. At that point in time, he bravely went inside the cave and saw the rays of light emanated from the beautiful image of Our Lady of Guadalupe where she was standing on top of a rock and behind her is a slow-dripping water, which was gracefully dripping into a boulder that looked like a basin. This is the place where the first church was built but due to unfortunate events, it was gutted down by fire during the American War. Because of this, the image of the Our Lady of Guadalupe was migrated to San Nicolas Church in Cebu.
The former cave and church where the Our Lady de Guadalupe was found has been similarly compared from the Extremadura and that of the apparition in Mexico. Also, the Our Lady of Guadalupe in Cebu City is a replica of the "La Purisima Concepcion" / "Inmaculada Concepcion" (Immaculate Conception) of Visayas. As far as the construction of the Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish Church Cebu City is concerned, the parish priest of San Nicolas has given its much needed consent to build a small church in a not so distant area of Kalunasan. After it was successfully completed, the sacred image of the Our Lady of Guadalupe was lent.
This holy icon of the Virgin Mary, has an approximate measurement of two feet. The statue rightfully belonged to the convent where a yearly novena was held in honor of Cebu's Our Lady of Guadalupe. Along this line, the parish priest and personnel of the newly-established church which would later become the Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish, Cebu City, were truly proud of their noble missions and achievements.
Amenities and Design
The following are among the striking design of the Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish in Cebu City.
- Images of several angels which are located at the facade of the church.
- Skyrocketing Bell Tower.
- A park that is open to the both the locals and tourists.
- An exclusive and spacious ramp for the handicapped.
- Ten Commandments Tablet.
- Well-crafted stained glass.
- Bloodied image of the suffering Christ.
Some of the well-known festivities to joyfully commemorate the Feast Day of Our Lady of Guadalupe are:
- Walk with Mary.-This is a holy sacrifice of all its beloved devotees, where they will all walk barefooted while having a mile-long procession from the Fuente Osmeña Circle to Basilica del Sto. Niño, early dawn of Friday.
- Sinulog Grand Parade.
Indeed, miracles do happen that make millions of lives to be spiritually nourished through the immense help and inspiration of a blissful sanctuary like the Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish, Cebu City. It was unexpectedly fashioned through the spiritual promptings of the Almighty to universally show mankind that nothing is impossible with God.
Category: Travel


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Three days before the city election, tough talk prevailed in the race to be the next mayor of Los Angeles. Candidate Eric Garcetti was on the defensive Friday, after the release of a television ad lampooning the former City Council president. Conan Nolan reports for the NBC4 News at 5 p.m. on March 1, 2013.
Published at 7:42 PM PST on Mar 1, 2013 | Updated at 5:55 AM PST on Mar 4, 2013


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Mary Williams
Listed by Coldwell Banker Rb/Laconia Court St.
Tremendous views and location in Gilford that is ideal for walking, biking or hiking Kimball Castle Trail system. 505 foot shorefront with large sandy beach, day docks and cluster mooring field. Unit offers 3 decks, two are covered, central AC, wood fireplace and a direct vent furnace. Master bedroom with full bath leads to 2nd floor porch with lake, islands and mountain views. Two other bedrooms and full bath also on 2nd floor. Lower level has a great room for dining and living room. Half bath with laundry and a 7x7 mud room with walls of closets for skis, tennis rackets and tool bench. From kitchen you can watch over your car out front with level access to parking lot. Views recently have been enhanced with removal of large trees. High tech community water system and town sewer included in monthly fees of $291. Come winter they shovel right to your door. Condo even comes furnished.
Date Showings Begin:
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Cooking for Real Life : More Than 180 Recipes for Whatever Life Throws at You Hardback
by Ms. Joanna Weinberg
Cooking for real life is not about fiddly menus and impossible-to-find ingredients.
It is about getting something delicious on the table, having fun and feeding the people you love.
It is also about recognising that different situations in life call for different kinds of cooking.
Although sometimes you may have hours to while away by a steaming pot, sometimes you really need a fast turnaround. Joanna Weinberg has an inventive, generous approach to cooking that is realistic as well as delicious.
She shows how a well-stocked cupboard, freezer and fridge can make all the difference, transforming a quick family meal into an impromptu gathering without either stress or the need to rush out to the shops.
Her recipes offer new flavour combinations using familiar ingredients and they include dishes like smoky butternut soup; pasta with ricotta, aubergine and pine nuts; twice-baked cottage pie; slow-roast shoulder of lamb; and molten chocolate puds.
There are suggestions for when you are in a hurry, for when you feel like making an impression and for those times when you are tired out and just want to curl up with something comforting. This kind of cooking is adaptable and personal, it shows that with a pinch of this and a dash of that, we can all eat well all of the time - regardless of what life throws at us.
- Format: Hardback
- Pages: 288 pages, Colour Illustrations throughout
- Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing PLC
- Publication Date: 10/05/2012
- Category: General cookery & recipes
Standard Delivery
Within the UK
Also by Ms. Joanna Weinberg
Available with free
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IKEA PAX as 4-door craft and sewing cabinet
June 5th, 2017 | by justelly
Most of the walls in my apartment have roof slopes. A reason to build my own furniture. Because I have
June 5th, 2017 | by justelly
Most of the walls in my apartment have roof slopes. A reason to build my own furniture. Because I have
February 24th, 2017 | by Contributor
After turning the guest room into a sewing room I realized the folding table I was using for my sewing
October 6th, 2016 | by Contributor
Materials: 2 Kallax 2×2 shelf units and 2 Kallax 2×4 shelf units My Son (who is 15 years old) was
July 25th, 2016 | by Contributor
Items Used: FINNBY Bookcase – Red (6) Flat metal plate strap – 3"x7″ (30) #8 3/4" wood screws –
June 7th, 2016 | by Jules Yap
This project we used: 2 4×2 KALLAX shelving units 4 KALLAX drawer inserts 4 KALLAX door inserts 6 KALLAX caster sets 2
April 6th, 2016 | by IH guest
I was in bad need of a stitching pony. It is a device that allows you to hold two pieces
February 4th, 2016 | by IH guest
IKEA Items Used: BISSA Shoe Cabinet PLUGGIS Container set with rail BYGEL Container x 3 I'm a reasonably crafty person
December 14th, 2015 | by IH guest
IKEA items used: DIODER 601.165.40 SKUBB 302.903.62 We tried to help authors who share their recipes. In the easy DIY,
February 20th, 2015 | by R4PUN2EL
Here, in my sewing room, it is a busy little world. Our guest bed lives here, the computer workstation of
January 21st, 2015 | by Jules Yap
The configuration of the Kallax system is perfect for my craft supplies, but I didn't like how messy it looked
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If I am writing a guide for beginners should it be 'A Beginner's Guide' or 'A Beginners' Guide' or are both correct?I have seen both used in various places although the use of beginner's seems to be more popular.Both seem to make sense to me - it can be a guide for many beginners, in which case it is the beginners' guide, or it can be a guide for a beginner (an imaginary example beginner), in which it is a beginner's guide.I've always though A Beginners' guide seems like better syntax just because it doesn't rely on implying an imaginary example, but that way is less commonly used. Does anybody know if either one is objectively correct, or have any thoughts on which one is best to use?
I like Beginner's Guide
There can be a significant difference between the number of searches and the number of competitors for something titled Beginner's Guide, Beginners' Guide or Beginners Guide.Use the Google keyword Planner and search results pages to help you make the decision. Search on Google for Electronics Beginner's Guide, Electronics Beginners' Guide and Electronics Beginners Guide to see the difference in competition and in results displayed.
That's a great idea - screw grammar and chase the cash instead!!!! I like your style Writer Fox.
Cash is the new grammar. That's how the term 'Web site' got changed to 'website.' It happened because Google willed it to happen and now that's the correct spelling in the dictionary.
Writer Fox, you are clever and cunning as a fox. You sure picked the right name.
"A Beginner's guide" ONE beginner"Beginners' Guide" Multiple beginners"Beginners Guide" Acceptable common usage
Beginner's is correct.
A Beginner's GuideBeginners' Guidesedit: if anyone who genuinely knows weird grammar rules comes along I will back out. I was a sixty's child, wild and free, expression was everything and apostrophes were designed by Victorians to break tender spirits.
That makes my ears hurt.
s' is for plurals and Golems. And also Tom Waits.Unless someone who looks like a school marm comes along and shouts at me.
I hope she has a nice business suit on.
I am sort of guessing Mellisa. Dare I ask?
You are guessing Melissa what?
I am guessing Melissa will be along to put me in my place, soon.Perhaps Rebekah will break my foolishness to me more gently.Also why do so many women have names that no one can spell?
I had my mother name me something simple for your benefit.
Your mother showed fine judgement.
Out of mystery they cameWith a hard to spell nameTo commence this here gameCalled lifeThey get all in your headThen they take you to bedTill those two words are saidYour wifeRun your life from the startTill you're just an old fartAnd till death do us part.....becomes a goal
Lol! great poem cheaptrick
Thanks Will, but couldn't it be a singular guide for multiple beginners - with the 'A' implying the singular guide rather than a singular beginner?
lol. I honestly don't know. I do know that it is difficult to find anyone using the apostrophe after the s. That doesn't mean it is correct or incorrect but it does suggest no one will take umbrage if you go for 's.
OK , I'll be the schoolmarm and say, " A Beginner's Guide".. especially since you put "A" in front which signifies singular.You may be addressing this to many beginners, but sort of individually , one at a time. It sounds better, too.
Yes but the real issue isBeginners' GuidesorBeginner's Guides?
It depends on whether you are writing multiple guides for a single beginner, or multiple beginners.You could, of course, avoid the headache entirely by choosing to name it "A Guide for Beginners."
I was thinking of multiple guides for multiple beginners.
@classicgeek - that's a great idea, it would sidestep the whole ambiguity altogether!
My non-marmish opinion is that you've got it right. We need cclitgirl to drop by and address this issue. She's an expert, and very non-marmish.
Do you have a tight business suit, Marcy?
I believe your choice and use of the article "A" determines which is correct. "A", of course is singular and implies that you are talking about a singular item: a ball, the balls, ball or balls. "A" makes it a singular beginner. You could choose: Beginners' Guide or Beginner's Guide, but the "A" implies single beginner. Hope that helped.
But the 'A' could refer to the beginner or the guide in the sentence 'A beginner's / beginners' guide'. Which one does or should it refer to?
You can keep your title SEO friendly and make it more attractive at the same time using something like : Beginner's guide to InsertTopicHere: Electronics 101 or something else that draws attention.
Thanks for the tip, that's a good idea.
I would only use A Beginners' Guide if it is product directed to married couples. Just saying.
I sort of get the couples thing, but why is whether it is 'product directed' relevant?
I agree ' product directed' has no place!
The "A" denotes the word "beginner" is singular. If there is more than one guide it could be "A beginner's guides", which I do not think is the intent.
The "A" refers to the singular the Guide singular.
by Simone Haruko Smith5 years ago
There has been a lot of talk about sports at HubPages Headquarters lately, so I've decided to make this week's theme beginner's guides to individual and team sports. Evergreen (that's non-newsy) sports Hubs...
by Will Apse14 months ago
HP like 'stellar hubs'. To write over a thousand words on any subject means you need some elbow room.Often, it is difficult to know what level to pitch a page at. What should you assume people know?Beginners' Guides...
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Hi! This is my new hub, I've made some "Top 5 hubs before" but this is my first "real article".I hope you like it and give me some constructive criticism!My native language is not English so it's...
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MyEssayWriting.com - Essay Writing Services.
Rare is the style guide that a person-even a word person-would want to read cover to cover. But The Economist Style Guide, designed, as the book says, to promote good writing, is so witty and rigorous as to be irresistible. The book consists of three parts. The first is the Economist's style book, which acts as a position paper of sorts in favor of clear, concise, correct usage. The big no-noes listed in the book's introduction are: "Do not be stuffy.... Do not be hectoring or arrogant.... Do not be too pleased with yourself.... Do not be too chatty.... Do not be too didactic.... [And] do not be sloppy." Before even getting to the letter B, we are reminded that aggravate "means make worse, not irritate or annoy"; that an alibi "is the proven fact of being elsewhere, not a false explanation"; and that anarchy "means the complete absence of law or government. It may be harmonious or chaotic."
An essential tool for those who seek to write with the clarity, style, and precision for which The Economist is renowned. This greatly expanded ninth edition gives advice on effective writing, points out common errors and cliches, offers guidance on consistent use of punctuation, abbreviations, and capital letters, and contains a comprehensive range of reference material covering everything from accountancy ratios and stock market indices to laws of nature and science. There have been more than a half million copies sold worldwide of previous edtions.The Economist Style Guide is as essential to have and use as a dictionary, but is much more interesting. This new edition of the bestselling guide to style (over 1/2 million copies sold worldwide) is based on The Economist 's own house style manual.


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One of Ireland's most-feared predators is beaten up in vigilante attack
One of Ireland's most-feared predators was beaten by up to eight men in a vigilante attack.
Gardai are investigating the brutal assault on convicted kidnapper Philip Murphy (35), who was set upon after he left a shop in the Parkgate Street area of the city.
He even ran behind the counter of a shop to try to escape the savage beating.
Clondalkin criminal Murphy has been under threat since he was released from Arbour Hill Prison in February where he served a 10-year sentence for kidnapping a woman in 2008.
The assault took place shortly after 6pm on Sunday when four men jumped out of a car and attacked Murphy as he walked on Montpelier Hill, close to the Phoenix Park.
It is understood that after being struck several times, he fled into a shop in nearby Parkgate Street.
Sources said he ran behind the counter of the store, but quickly left the shop and was beaten again by the group of men.
They were then joined by a number of other men who chased Murphy towards the homeless accommodation that he is staying in.
Once he was inside the homeless shelter in the north inner city, his attackers left the area.
He was brought to St James's Hospital for treatment and on Monday he made a statement to gardai about the assault.
Investigators have collected CCTV from the shop that Murphy ran into and are attempting to identify the men who attacked the convicted criminal.
Since his release from jail, Murphy has been arrested and questioned about the alleged attempted false imprisonment of two women in the Drumcondra area of Dublin.
It also previously emerged that he is a suspect for a failed abduction in Navan, Co Meath, in February.
The predator has been staying in various locations in Dublin and Co Wicklow over the last few months.
In July it emerged he had obtained a new passport and it was believed he was planning to skip the country.
Sources have revealed Sunday's vicious attack was not the first time that Murphy has been targeted by vigilantes since his release from prison.
He was previously assaulted in the Phoenix Park and was the victim of an attempted stabbing in the Christchurch area.
Murphy was jailed in 2009 for falsely imprisoning a Polish woman in Clondalkin on June 7, 2008. His victim had been waiting at a bus stop at 6.30am when Murphy offered her a lift.
When the woman asked him to stop the car he took out a large knife and said he would "cut" her if she screamed.
Murphy was the chief suspect in a similar incident in 2008.
He was questioned in connection with an attempted abduction of another woman, but there was not enough evidence to charge him.
Online Editors


text: The U.S. Navy's Seventh Fleet command ship, USS Blue Ridge (LCC-19), is outfitted with the latest command, control, and communications technology in order to effectively command naval units defending the national interests of the United States. This highly visible ship, which operates routinely in the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean, and waters adjacent to areas involved in the War on Terrorism, visits many foreign ports, conducting military and diplomatic engagements with U.S. allies, in her normal international duties. With the potential threat to this valuable national asset, and the need for continuous review and practice of force protection, Blue Ridge's Commanding Officer, Capt. Andrew Sevald sent 10 of his officers to Naval Station San Diego, Calif. recently to take advantage of the Marine Safety International (MSI) training facility. The simulator training available at MSI features ship handling, safe navigation and many other areas, including force protection. LCDR David W. Haas, Blue Ridge's Executive Officer, who oversaw the training at the facility, said that naval surface warfare officers use the facility to develop basic surface warfare skills, but the Blue Ridge officers were able to further expand the numerous scenarios the trainer offers. "Every six months, the Captain (Sevald) or I go with 10 junior officers to the trainer to maintain skills," he said. "After an SRA [Ship's Restricted Availability] period, this can help to recapture the mariner's eye. But after the USS COLE (DDG 67) incident," said Haas, "I asked if it would be possible if we could interact a terrorist type scenario into the training."


text:
RepairPal is your advocate for car care advice and guidance
Q: Shaking while braking on 1990 Honda Accord
Year is actually 1985. Shaking while braking. Just got new brakes/rotors a year ago.
It's most likely cheaper to replace them again, rather than resurface them. Make sure all moving brake parts are lubricated with a high temp brake grease. Make sure the calipers move freely.
This is normally due to warped rotors, which can happen for various reason, rather than just warping over time. This is the most likely scenario, but it'd be best to take the car in to a shop and be sure to know why the rotors are warping so soon or to determine if there is another problem. It's a safety issue.
I have a 1996 Honda Accord and I am having a simular problem with my brakes. I recently had the rotors turned but the car is still shaking and and vibrates and makes a loud noise whenever applying the brakes as I come to a stop. What should I do?
Use good quality parts only when it comes to brake pads and rotors. Make sure the wheel bearings are good, it's very important that the surface where the rotors mount to the hub is good and true, if not the rotors will continue to warp.
Didn't find what you were looking for?


text: Human Rights Observatory Sydney G20 Finance Meeting Promises Action on Growth A meeting of the world's 20 most powerful finance ministers and central bankers has ended in Australia with a promise to set a firm target for global economic growth. The G20 accounts for 85 percent of global production, and two thirds of the world's population. Its aims are to conquer economic uncertainty, foster growth and create jobs. Host Australia urged the G20 to agree to faster global growth targets. Australian treasurer (finance minister) Joe...Read complete article© Voice of America - Sunday, February 23, 2014


text:
Avatar Awards
Unlockable How to Unlock Mavi Complete Act 1. Queen Of The World T-Shirt Complete Act 2.
Contributed By: Guard Master.
Unlockable Gamer Pics
Unlockable How to Unlock Gamer Pic 1 Finish Act 2 Gamer pic 2 Beat the game
Contributed By: REfanboy399.
Know Something We Don't?
You can submit new cheats for this game and help our users gain an edge.
Have We Been Fooled?
You can submit a problem report for any non-working or fake code in the lists above.


text:
"A little different, but not too crazy."
Cranberry Brownies
0 recipe photos
READY IN:1hr 10mins
YIELD:24 brownies
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1 1⁄3 cups all-purpose flour, plus additional
- all-purpose flour, for the pan
- 1 teaspoon baking powder
- 1⁄2 teaspoon salt
- 8 tablespoons unsalted butter, at room temperature, plus additional for the pan
- 5 ounces bittersweet chocolate or 5 ounces semisweet chocolate, chopped
- 3 ounces unsweetened chocolate, chopped
- 2 large eggs, at room temperature
- 1 1⁄4 cups sugar
- 1 (16 ounce) can whole berry cranberry sauce
- 1⁄2 teaspoon almond extract
- Position the oven rack in the lower third of the oven; preheat oven to 350°; butter and flour a 13 x 9 inch baking pan; set aside.
- In a bowl, whisk the flour, baking powder, and salt until combined; set aside.
- Add butter and both chocolates in the top of a double boiler set over simmering water; stir constantly until half the butter and chocolate is melted.
- Remove the top of the double boiler, then continue stirring, away from the heat, until the butter and chocolate are completely melted; let cool for 10 minutes.
- In a big bowl, beat the eggs and sugar with an electric mixer on medium speed; continue beating until the sugar has dissolved and the mixture is thick, about 5 minutes.
- Beat in the cranberry sauce, almond extract, and chocolate mixture, about 4 minutes, scraping down the sides of the bowl as needed.
- Using a wooden spoon or rubber spatula, stir in the flour mixture just until incorporated; do not beat.
- Pour batter into the prepared pan, spreading it gently to the corners.
- Bake for 25 minutes or until a pick comes out clean.
- Set pan on a wire rack to cool for at least 30 minutes.
- Cut brownies into 24 pieces while they are still in the pan.
- Carefully remove them with an offset spatula.
- Serve immediately or let them cool completely before covering with plastic wrap for storage.
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Watch on your iPhone, iPad, Apple TV, Roku, or Fire TV.Learn More


text:
SJB running attack key to title hopes
St. John the Baptist is looking for a repeat, of sorts. For the first time since 1981, the Cougars are hoping to reach double-digits in wins when they face Xavier (8-2) for the CHSFL AA crown Saturday night at Mitchel Athletic Complex.
St. John the Baptist (9-1) will launch its running attack at the Knights. The Cougars -- who had five backs rush for at least 366 yards -- welcome the return of senior Christian Turri, who carried the ball only three times in the semifinals against Kellenberg because of a leg injury. Jake Wiswall, Kevin De Maille and Ryan McCann filled in and totaled 257 yards on the ground.
"That's part of our game plan," coach Keith Schweers said about his backs. "That feeds into our strength -- having to honor multiple weapons from the defensive side puts the defense in a bind. We have those weapons and we want to be able to use them all and keep them on their heels."
The Cougars' defense will focus on Xavier running back William Solomon, who ran for 218 yards and three touchdowns in a semifinal win over Fordham Prep. Solomon has 2,131 yards and 33 touchdowns this season and is familiar with the Cougars' defense. He ran for 171 yards on 37 carries in an early-season matchup won by St. John the Baptist, 14-0.
"This is a special group of seniors," Schweers said. "The core group has truly bought into the team aspect and leading by example."


text:
GraphicRiver Straw Bales Illustration 3220552
Stock Vector \ Conceptual
Summer \ Season \ Meadow \ Nature \ Outdoor \ YellowHandmade \ Background \ Yellow
Stock Vector - Straw Bales Illustration 3220552 by zager @ GraphicRiver
Stock Vector \ Conceptual
Handmade yellow straw bales on green background
Layered: No; Graphics Files Included: JPG Image, Vector EPS, AI Illustrator; Minimum Adobe CS Version: CS.
Standard US Keyboard; Rusty Yellow Sign; Maintenance Tools Drawing; Pencil and Notebook; Green Blank Roadsign; Caution on Blue Sky Background; Yellow Sign and Pole.
Keywords: agricultural, agriculture, autumn, bale, color, corn, country, countryside, crop, dry, farm, farming, feed, field, golden, grain, grass, harvest, hay, landscape, meadow, nature, outdoor, rural, season, stack, straw, summer, wheat, yellow.


text:
BREAUX BRIDGE, La. (KLFY)—Deputies look for two subjects believed to be in connection with early morning home invasion, authorities said.
The home invasion happened shortly after 4 a.m. at a residence in the 1200 block of Hebert Ave. in Breaux Bridge.
According to a news release, the suspects fled the area on foot.
St. Martin Parish Sheriff's investigators say two persons of interest are now being sought.
The Sheriff's Office describes suspect one as being a black male, approximately 5'9", 185 lbs., with a light complexion. Suspect two is described as being a black male, approximately 6'0", 200 lbs., and a dark complexion.
Investigators ask that anyone with information regarding this incident to please contact the St. Martin Parish Sheriff's Office at 337-394-3071.


text:
Secondary Crushing In Gold Process
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the primary, secondary and tertiary process for gold. Gold ore processing plant|Gold mining equipment|Gold ore mining . Gold ore processing. Gold ore crusher can process gold ore with dimension as . secondary crusher .Read More
Teck: Mining Company,Home
Teck is Canada's largest diversified mining company and is committed to responsible development. ... metallurgical coal, zinc, gold and energy. Shares are listed on the TSX under the symbols TCK.A and TCK.B and on the NYSE under the symbol TCK. Diversified Mining; Responsibility ...Read More
Next Post: pulverizer hammer mills for metals


text:
Cold Justice Season 3 Episode 21
Ratings: 7.6/10
Episode Name: Trajectory (Taylor County, WV)
Duration: 60 minutes
Released: 2013/09/03
Air Date: 2015/08/28
Genres: Crime, Reality-TV,
Actors: Kelly Siegler, Yolanda McClary
From Executive Producer Dick Wolf, Oxygen revives "Cold Justice" a real life crime series that follows former prosecutor Kelly Siegler and her team of detectives as they dig into small town murder cases that have lingered for years without answers or closure. Together with local law enforcement from across the country, the Cold Justice team has helped bring about an astounding 16 indictments, 28 arrests, 6 confessions, 8 guilty pleas, and 10 convictions.
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text:
Drogba boost for Chelsea
The striker looks set to be fit for tonight's do-or-die clash at the Nou Camp after missing Saturday's Premier League game at Arsenal with a knee injury.
Didier Drogba
Reports suggested Drogba trained yesterday, handing Chelsea a massive boost ahead of their biggest match of the season. The 34-year-old scored the winner in Wednesday's first leg with the Blues' only shot on target.


text:
Water Spray In A Crusher Unit
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Next Post: Hard Rock Mining Ore Processing


text:
1605 Ball Screw and Anti-backlash Nut
16mm diameter 5mm pitch ball screw
300mm working length 425mm in total, 400mm working length 525mm long
1605_23HS_453 is machined for hollow shaft stepper 23HS4404-K11, working length 350mm
Machined support end for BF12.
BK12 and BF12 standard machined ends. 300W and 400W is ball screw length(425mm, 525mm)-machined ends length(65mm=BF12 11mm+BK12 54mm)-length of anti-backlash nut(42mm)
Ball screw linear stepper motor solution
Nema23 Hollow Shaft Stepper for Ball Screw Linear
Ball Screw Nut for 1605 Ball Screw.