text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|4 May 1999
|Filing date
|26 Sep 1995
|Priority date
|26 Sep 1995
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Juri Tults
|Original Assignee
|Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (19), Referenced by (54), Classifications (27), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention involves television signal processing systems that decode an auxiliary data signal component, such as closed caption data, that may be included in a television signal.
In accordance with the Television Decoder Circuitry Act of 1990, all television sets sold in the United States that are 13" or larger in size must include capability for decoding closed caption (CC) information that is included in a data signal component of many television signals. The CC data signal component comprises two bytes of data during each occurrence of line 21 of field 1 of the television signal. A CC decoder extracts the data from the CC data signal component. The video processing portion of the television receiver produces an output video signal that includes both video program information and information corresponding to the CC data. A portion of a displayed image produced in response to the output video signal includes text corresponding to the CC data. The CC data may represent the audio program portion of a television program in which case the displayed text provides a visible representation of the audio program.
Other types of data components may also be included in a television signal in a form suitable for decoding using a decoder such as a closed caption decoder. For example, extended data services (XDS) data such as time of day information, program title, etc. may be included in line 21 of field 2 of the television signal in accordance with EIA 608 specifications. Also, teletext data and Starsight� program guide data may be included in various horizontal line intervals during vertical blanking such as line 16. The term auxiliary data as used herein includes any type of data component of a television signal that can be extracted using a decoder such as a closed caption decoder, including closed caption, XDS, teletext and Starsight� data. Similarly, the term auxiliary data decoder as used herein includes decoders for decoding the various types of auxiliary data described above.
To accurately decode auxiliary data, an auxiliary data decoder must be timed to operate during the portions of the horizontal display intervals that include auxiliary data, e.g., the latter half of line 21 of field 1 for closed caption data. A television receiver produces various timing signals that indicate when horizontal display intervals occur. For example, separated horizontal sync signals are produced in response to a synchronization signal component of the television signal. Also, horizontal deflection signals are generated to control electron beam deflection functions of an image display device, such as a kinescope.
Controlling an auxiliary data decoder with a deflection signal may increase the reliability of the decoded data. Decoder features, such as horizontal line and delay counters controlled by pulses in a sync signal, may count incorrectly in response to noise pulses in the sync signal causing the decoder to operate improperly. A sync signal that is derived from the television signal may include noise pulses corresponding to noise in the television signal. In comparison, deflection signals are generated using phase-locked loop (PLL) circuits that produce stable, uniform amplitude pulse waveforms that are less likely to include noise effects. Thus, it may be desirable to control an auxiliary data decoder using deflection signals.
The present invention resides in part in recognizing that it may be desirable to operate a closed caption decoder that is controlled using a deflection signal during a mode of operation when deflection signals are not available. Television receivers typically have normal and standby modes of operation. During normal mode, all circuits are powered, including deflection circuits, and the receiver generates all signals, including deflection and video output signals, needed to produce an image on a display device. During standby mode, the television receiver is turned off disabling the display device and deflection signals are not needed for controlling the display device. To reduce power consumption during standby mode, deflection circuits may be deactivated. As a result, features that rely on deflection signals, such as auxiliary data decoding, are inoperative during standby mode. However, it may be desirable to receive and decode auxiliary data during standby mode. For example, XDS and Starsight� data can be received, decoded and stored in memory during standby mode and displayed during a subsequent normal operating mode as part of a program guide feature. Because only certain television signals include XDS and Starsight� data, e.g., signals from Public Broadcasting System (PBS) channels, it may be necessary to tune to a particular channel to receive the auxiliary data. Tuning, receiving and processing auxiliary data during standby mode avoids interfering with use of the television receiver during normal mode.
In addition to recognizing the described problem, the present invention resides in solving the problem by providing a system that decodes an auxiliary data signal component of a television signal in response to a first timing signal during one mode of operation of the system and in response to a second timing signal during another mode of operation of the system.
The invention may be better understood by referring to the enclosed drawing in which:
FIG. 1 shows, in block diagram form, an embodiment of a portion of a television receiver constructed in accordance with principles of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows, in schematic diagram form, an embodiment of a first portion of an auxiliary data decoder included in the television receiver of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 shows, in schematic diagram form, an embodiment of a second portion of an auxiliary data decoder included in the television receiver of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 shows a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3; and
FIG. 5 shows, in block diagram form, a variation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 1 shows a portion of a television receiver that includes closed caption decoding capability. In FIG. 1, signal RF IN from an RF source such as an antenna or cable is coupled to tuner 19 for tuning a particular television channel to produce signal IF VIDEO representing the tuned channel signal at IF frequencies. Signal IF VIDEO is coupled to a television signal processing integrated circuit (IC) designated 14 in FIG. 1. Integrated circuits such as IC 14 are also known as a television "one-chip" or "jungle chip" IC's. An example of an IC suitable for providing the functionality of IC 14 in FIG. 1 is the LA7612 IC manufactured by Sanyo. Also shown in FIG. 1 is microcontroller (μC) IC 10 that provides features including a central processing unit (CPU), RAM, ROM and on-screen display (OSD) processing capability. An example of a μC device that provides the listed features is the ST9 processor manufactured by SGS-Thomson, Inc.
As described below, μC 10 also includes auxiliary data decoding capability in accordance with principles of the invention.
In FIG. 1, IC 14 includes IF section 141 comprising conventional IF circuitry for processing signal IF VIDEO to produce a baseband video signal VIDEO OUT at an output of IC 14. Signal VIDEO OUT is coupled to video switch 18 which selects one of signal VIDEO OUT and an auxiliary baseband video signal AUX VIDEO as the source for signal CC VIDEO. Signal AUX VIDEO may be provided, for example, by a baseband video output from a second television receiver such as a VCR. Signal CC VIDEO includes video, synchronization, and data signal components and is coupled to IC 14 for video processing and to microcontroller (μC) IC 10 for closed caption processing.
Signal CC VIDEO is processed by video signal processing section 142 in IC 14 to produce red, green and blue (R, G and B) signals that represent the video information component of signal CC VIDEO. Unit 142 includes conventional luma processing, chroma processing and matrixing functions. The R, G and B outputs from unit 142 are coupled to RGB switch 143 which selects either R, G and B signals from unit 142 or signals OSD RGB from on-screen display (OSD) processor 104 in μC 10 as the source of R, G and B outputs RGBOUT from IC 14. As will be explained in more detail below, signals OSD RGB from OSD processor 104 represent graphics information, such as channel number or time of day, and closed caption information that is to be included in a displayed image. Switch 143 is controlled by a control signal (not shown in FIG. 1) that is generated by μC 10 such that signals OSD OUT are the source of signals RGBOUT during intervals when graphics or closed caption data is to be included in a displayed image. Signals RGBOUT are coupled to a display device, such as kinescope 15 in FIG. 1, to produce an image having one portion representing the video information component of signal CC VIDEO, a second portion representing graphics and a third portion representing the closed caption data signal component of signal CC VIDEO.
Also included in IC 14 are clamp 144, sync separator 145 and deflection signal generator 146 for processing signal CC VIDEO to produce deflection signals HOUT and VOUT. Signals HOUT and VOUT exhibit low-amplitude pulse waveforms that are processed further by deflection unit 17 to produce high-amplitude ramp signals H and V for controlling a deflection function of display device 15. Clamp 144 clamps a DC component of signal CC VIDEO to a level, such as the pedestal level of the video signal. Sync separator 145 produces a composite sync signal by comparing the clamped video signal to a reference level that is approximately midway between the clamped DC level and the peak amplitude of sync pulses in the synchronization signal component of the clamped video signal. Circuits suitable for implementing clamp 144 and sync separator 145 are described in detail in International Patent Application No. PCT/US 93/07163 (published Mar. 31, 1994 under International Publication No. WO 94/07334) filed Jul. 29, 1993 in the name of Juri Tults and designating the United States. The indicated International Patent Application is commonly assigned with the present application and is hereby incorporated by reference. Also included in sync separator 145 are horizontal and vertical sync separator circuits that produce horizontal and vertical sync signals HS and VS, respectively, in response to the described composite sync signal.
Deflection signal generator 146 includes circuits that provide pulse waveforms HOUT and VOUT in response to the horizontal and vertical sync signal HS and VS from sync separator 145. For example, unit 146 includes a phase locked loop (PLL) that responds to horizontal sync pulses in separated sync signal HS to provide a stable pulse waveform at the horizontal scan rate in signal HOUT. Signals HOUT and VOUT are coupled to deflection unit 17 in FIG. 1 which includes high voltage amplifiers and transformers for converting relatively low amplitude pulse signals HOUT and VOUT into large amplitude ramp signals H and V that control the deflection function of kinescope 15. In addition, deflection unit 17 includes flyback pulse generation circuitry for producing horizontal and vertical flyback pulses HPLS and VPLS, respectively. In addition to providing deflection control, flyback pulses HPLS and VPLS are coupled to μC 10 and are used to control closed caption decoding in accordance with aspects of the invention that are explained below. The described features of deflection unit 17 are known, for example, from the CTC-176 color television chassis manufactured by Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc., Indianapolis, Ind.
Also shown in FIG. 1 are standby and run power supplies 131 and 13, respectively. Standby supply 131 produces supply voltage STBY both during a normal operating mode of the system (i.e., the system is turned on and producing an image on display device 15) and during a standby mode of operation (i.e., the system is turned off and does not display an image). Run supply 13 provides supply voltage RUN only during normal operating mode. During standby mode, the system is connected to the AC mains but supply voltage RUN is not produced. Whether or not run supply 13 produces voltage RUN is controlled by signal STANDBY from μC 10. For example, a logic 0 on signal STANDBY indicates normal mode and closes a switch in run supply 13 causing supply voltage RUN to be produced. Signal STANDBY at logic 1 indicates standby mode, opens the switch in run supply 13 and disables generation of voltage RUN. Microcontroller 10 produces signal STANDBY in response to power on/off commands from a user. For example, a user activates a power on/off button on remote control 12 to turn off the system. An infrared (IR) signal representing the command is produced by remote 12 and received by IR receiver 121. IR receiver 121 converts the IR signal into a digital signal that is processed by μC 10 resulting in signal STANDBY being set to logic 1, thereby disabling generation of voltage RUN.
Supply voltage STBY is supplied to the functions in FIG. 1 that must operate during both normal and standby modes. For example, μC10 must operate during both modes for generating control signals such as signal STANDBY. More specifically, user activation of both a "power off" button on remote 12 during normal mode and a "power on" button during standby mode must be recognized and processed by μC10 to control the state of signal STANDBY. Signal STANDBY is also coupled to tuner 19, video switch 18 and one-chip 14 because signal CC VIDEO must be produced during standby mode so that auxiliary data such as Starsight� data can be received and decoded.
Supply voltage RUN is coupled to functions that are not needed during standby mode. By removing power from certain circuits during standby mode, power consumption can be reduced significantly. For example, during standby mode signals V and H are not needed because a display is not produced. Therefore, deflection unit 17 receives supply voltage RUN and is disabled during standby mode. Disabling the high voltage circuits that generate signals H and V significantly reduces power consumption, but doing so prevents signals that are derived from the high voltage signals, such as flyback signals HPLS and VPLS, from being generated. The lack of signals HPLS and VPLS during standby mode affects auxiliary data decoding during standby mode and is addressed by aspects of the invention as described below. In addition to disabling deflection unit 17 during standby mode, certain functions of IC 14 such as chroma processing are unnecessary during standby mode. These portions of IC 14 are powered by supply voltage RUN and disabled during standby mode.
FIG. 1 also shows exemplary auxiliary data decoding capability included within micro-controller 10. More specifically, closed caption data is decoded from signal CC VIDEO by caption data processing features comprising clamp 105, sync slicer 101, CC data slicer 103 and CC decoder 102. Clamp 105 and sync slicer 101 and data slicer 103 may be implemented using circuits that are described in detail in above-mentioned International Patent Application No. PCT/US 93/07163. Similar to clamp 144 in IC 14, clamp 105 clamps a DC component of signal CC VIDEO to a desired level. Sync slicer 101 and data slicer 103 include respective comparators that compare the clamped CC VIDEO signal to reference levels representing 50% of the sync pulse amplitude and 50% of the auxiliary data amplitude, respectively. Thus, the output of sync slicer 101 is a binary signal CSYNC that includes composite sync information, i.e., both horizontal and vertical sync pulses. The timing characteristics of the sync pulses in signal CSYNC are synchronized with corresponding characteristics of the synchronization signal component of CC VIDEO. The output of data slicer 103 is a binary signal CCDATA that represents the auxiliary data signal component of signal CC VIDEO during the auxiliary data interval (e.g., the latter half of line 21 of field 1 for closed caption data).
During normal mode operation when a display is being produced on kinescope 15, auxiliary data in signal CCDATA that is intended to be included in the displayed image, such as closed caption data, is processed by OSD processor 104 in μC 10 to produce R, G and B signals OSD RGB that represent the closed caption data. More specifically, a ROM included in OSD processor 104 stores a "lookup table" that translates the binary values in signal CCDATA into binary codes representing R, G and B color signal values. The binary color signal values are converted into analog signals OSD RGB by digital to analog converters (DAC) included in μC 10. RGB switch 143 in IC 14 couples signals OSD RGB to display unit 15 during intervals when the auxiliary data is to be displayed.
FIG. 2 shows a portion of CC decoder 102 of FIG. 1 in more detail. The circuit shown in FIG. 2 produces output signals 2-- FH, 4-- FH, 8-- FH and 128-- FH that provide clock pulses at 2, 4, 8 and 128 times the horizontal scan rate FH, respectively, where FH is approximately 15.75 kHz for NTSC systems. The clock pulses are used for timing various operations of the CC decoder. For example, pulses in signal 2-- FH indicate half-line intervals and can be used to enable CC data extraction during the latter half of line 21. Input signals in FIG. 2 include a clock signal CLK and three signals that are described above in regard to FIG. 1: composite separated sync signal CSYNC, deflection signal HPLS and power supply control signal STANDBY. Signal CLK is a 4 MHz signal that may be generated, for example, by a crystal oscillator that generates the master clock signal for μC 10.
As shown in FIG. 2, output signals 128-- FH, 8-- FH, 4-- FH and 2-- FH are generated at outputs of 8-bit counter 20. Counter 20 is a ripple counter having a toggle input that receives signal CLK. The least significant output of counter 20, i.e., output QA, changes state in response to each falling edge (logic 1 to logic 0 transition) of signal CLK. The result is that output QA produces pulses at half the frequency of signal CLK. When the frequency of signal CLK is 4 MHz, signal 128-- FH at output QA exhibits a frequency that is approximately 128 times the horizontal frequency FH. Each output of counter 20 produces a signal that is half the frequency of the next least significant output signal. Thus, output QB produces a signal at approximately 64 times FH and the most significant output of counter 20, i.e., output QH, produces a signal at a frequency approximately equal to FH. Other signals at 2, 4 and 8 times the horizontal frequency, i.e., 2-- FH, 4-- FH and 8-- FH are produced at outputs QG, QF and QE, respectively, as shown in FIG. 2.
Counter 20 has a "clear" input labeled CLR in FIG. 2 that receives signal HSTART. As described further below, signal HSTART is generated in response to a horizontal sync signal. At the beginning of each horizontal line interval, signal HSTART exhibits a logic 1 value that resets all outputs of counter 20 to logic 0. Thus, the count produced by counter 20 during each line interval begins at zero at the beginning of each line interval.
Eight-bit counter 20 can be implemented by coupling together two 4-bit ripple counter logic circuits such as the circuits included in a 74393-type IC. A first 4-bit counter produces the four least significant bits of the count, i.e., outputs QD, QC, QB and QA of counter 20, and a second 4-bit counter produces the four most significant count bits, i.e., outputs QH, QG, QF and QE of counter 20. The most significant output of the first counter is coupled to the toggle input of the second counter.
Also in FIG. 2, D-type flip-flop (DFF) 23 generates pulse signal CSFH at output Q of DFF 23. Signal CSFH at output Q of D-type flip-flop (DFF) 23 is produced in response to signal CSYNC at the clock input of DFF 23. The D input of DFF 23 is coupled to logic 1 (VCC). As a result, each rising edge (logic 0 to logic 1) on signal CSYNC produces a logic 1 on signal CSFH. A clear input of DFF 23, labeled CLRN in FIG. 2, receives signal HEND which is produced by combining the three most significant output signals of counter 20 via NAND gate 22. Signal CSFH is forced to logic 0 by a logic 0 that occurs on signal HEND during the last eighth of each horizontal line interval (i.e., the last 8 us). As a result, pulses occur on signal CSFH at frequency FH and are synchronized with the horizontal sync component of the input television signal. In addition, the pulses exhibit a duty cycle of approximately 87.5%, i.e., signal CSFH is at logic 1 (VCC) for the first 56 us of a horizontal line interval and is at logic 0 (ground) for the remaining 8 us of the line interval. The duty cycle ensures that the pulse waveform of signal CSFH is not affected by half line pulses on signal CSYNC that exist during the vertical interval, i.e., equalizing and vertical sync pulses.
Signals CSFH and HPLS are coupled to respective inputs of 2-to-1 multiplexer (2:1 MUX) 25. MUX 25 acts as a switch for coupling one of signals CSFH and HPLS to output Q of MUX 25 in response to signal STANDBY at select input SEL of MUX 25. When signal STANDBY is at logic 1, i.e., standby mode of operation, signal CSFH is coupled to output Q of MUX 25. When signal STANDBY is at logic 0, i.e., normal mode of operation, signal HPLS is coupled to output Q. Thus, signal MXFH at output Q of MUX 25 is a pulse signal at frequency FH that is synchronized with deflection signal HPLS during normal mode operation and with the synchronization component of the input television signal during standby mode operation.
The output of MUX 25 controls generation of signal HSTART via a circuit comprising DFF 26, DFF 27, 2-input NOR gate 28 and inverter 29. Signal HSTART is coupled to the CLR input of counter 20 and, therefore, "clears" or resets counter 20 when at logic 1. DFF 26 samples signal MXFH during positive transitions of signal CLK to produce signal DMXFH at the Q output of DFF 26. In addition, DFF 26 synchronizes signals DMXFH and HSTART with signal CLK. Initially, signal DMXFH is at logic 0 causing the Q output of DFF 27 to be logic 0 and the output of inverter 29 to be logic 1. Signal HSTART at the output of NOR gate 28 is at logic 0 in response to the logic 1 at the output of inverter 29, thereby enabling counter 20. The next rising edge of signal CLK after MXFH goes to logic 1, i.e., the beginning of a horizontal line interval, causes signal DMXFH to change to logic 1 and the output of inverter 29 to become logic 0. Because both the Q output of DFF 27 and the output of inverter 29 are at logic 0, signal HSTART becomes logic 1 via NOR gate 28 and resets counter 20. The next rising edge of signal CLK clocks the logic 1 value on signal DMXFH through to the Q output of DFF 27 causing signal HSTART to become logic 0 and enable counter 20. Thus, signal HSTART exhibits positive pulse having a width equal to one cycle of signal CLK that resets counter 20 at the beginning of each horizontal line interval. The brief duration of the pulse on signal HSTART ensures that the count in counter 20 will change from 00 hex to 01 hex in response to the next rising edge of signal CLK.
Thus, signal HSTART synchronizes generation of the CC decoder control signals by counter 20 with the start of a horizontal line interval as indicated by signal MXFH. Because signal MXFH is produced in response to signal HPLS or signal CSYNC depending on the mode of operation of the system, generation of the CC decoder control signals is controlled in response to deflection signal HPLS during normal operation and in response to separated sync signal CSYNC during standby operation as desired.
In addition to locating the CC data interval within a particular line using the embodiment in FIG. 2, it is also necessary to locate the particular line that includes the CC data interval, e.g., locate line 21 of field 1. One approach is to use a vertical sync signal that indicates the beginning of a field interval to initialize a counter and count horizontal line intervals after vertical sync in response to horizontal sync. The line count is monitored to determine when the desired line interval occurs. Because deflection circuits produce reliable waveforms as discussed above, a vertical deflection signal VPLS could be used to initialize a line counter. However, as discussed above, it may be necessary to operate a CC decoder including a line counter during standby mode when deflection signals are not produced. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a horizontal line counter that operates in response to a vertical deflection signal during normal operating mode and in response to a vertical sync signal separated from the television signal during standby mode.
In FIG. 3, input signals RESET and LC 5..0! are control signals generated by the CPU of μC 10 in FIG. 1. When signal RESET is at logic 1, the outputs of D-type flip-flops (DFF) 352, 354 and 334 are reset to logic 0. Signal RESET is active (at logic 1) typically at the beginning of operation of the circuit such as when power is first applied (the television receiver is connected to the AC mains). Signal LC 5..0! is a 6-bit binary value (most significant bit LC 5! through least significant bit LC 0!) that determines which horizontal line interval will be detected. As will be explained in detail below, the value of LC 5..0! represents a count of half-line intervals that is compared to the output of a horizontal line counter to indicate the beginning of the desired horizontal line interval. The CPU can change the value of LC 5..0! under software control to change the horizontal line that is detected. Modifying LC 5..0! permits the CC decoder to decode different types of CC data that occur in various horizontal line intervals.
For the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the relationship between the value of LC 5..0! and the particular line identified by the system is: LC 5..0!=N*2-9, where N is the line to be identified in an NTSC signal. N is multiplied times two because half-line intervals are counted as explained below. For timing reasons that are also explained below, counting of half-line intervals begins in response to detection of the first wide vertical pulse in the input sync signal. Nine is subtracted from N*2 to correct the half-line count for the position, in half-line intervals, of the first wide vertical sync pulse in NTSC signals. The described relationship between LC 5:0! and N can be better understood by referring to FIG. 4 which shows a timing diagram for certain signals in FIG. 3. As FIG. 4 shows, the first wide vertical pulse in field 1 begins at the start of line 4, i.e., the beginning of the seventh half-line interval in field 1. Nine is subtracted rather than seven because the timing of the operation of the embodiment in FIG. 3 involves an additional line interval as will become apparent from the following description. Exemplary values for N and LC 5..0! of 12 and 15, respectively, are used in the following description. Thus, line 12 is detected when the half line count equals 15. Different values may be used for N and L to detect other horizontal lines. For example, N and L equal to 21 and 33, respectively, would be used to detect line 21 for decoding closed caption data.
Input signals 2-- FH, 128-- FH, CSYNC and STANDBY in FIG. 3 correspond to signals in FIG. 2 having the same names. Signal VPLS in FIG. 3 corresponds to the signal of the same name in FIG. 1. Two-to-one MUX 300 in FIG. 3 determines whether horizontal line detection will occur in response to separated sync signal CSYNC or vertical deflection signal VPLS. Signal STANDBY at logic 1 couples signal CSYNC to signal MXV at the output of MUX 300 while STANDBY at logic 0 couples signal VPLS to signal MXV. The following explanation of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 will first address signal CSYNC being coupled to signal MXV, i.e., signal STANDBY at logic 1.
To ensure that horizontal line detection is synchronized with vertical sync rather than with noise or with horizontal sync pulses included in composite sync signal CSYNC, operation begins by detecting the first wide vertical sync pulse in signal MXV. A wide vertical sync pulse is typically 30 μs long while horizontal sync and equalizing pulses are 4 μs and 2 μs long, respectively. Noise pulses are typically of very brief duration. In FIG. 3, the first wide vertical pulse in signal MXV is detected when the first pulse that is at least 12 μs is found. A pulse width of 12 μs is sufficiently greater than the duration of noise, horizontal or equalizing pulses to avoid spurious pulse detection and sufficiently less than the 30 μs width of the first wide vertical pulse to provide margin for timing errors between the detection operation and pulses in signal MXV.
The first wide vertical pulse is detected by a circuit comprising toggle flip-flop (TFF) 320, 4-stage ripple counter 330 and NAND gate 332. Counter 330 is reset every 32 μs by signal RESPWC, a narrow pulse generated at each falling edge (logic 1 to logic 0 transition) of signal 2-- FH by D-type flip flop (DFF) 310, inverter 312, and NOR gate 314. Counter 330 is clocked by signal CLKPWC at 1 μs intervals as long as signal MXV is at logic 1. Signal CLKPWC is generated by toggle flip flop (TFF) 320 which has a clock input coupled to signal 128-- FH and a toggle input (T) coupled to signal MXV.
A count of 12 in counter 330 (outputs QD and QC equal to logic 1) causes a pulse to be produced at the output of NAND gate 332 when signal CLKPWC is high, indicating detection of a wide pulse. A pulse at the output of NAND gate 332 clocks DFF 334 causing the output of DFF 334 to become logic 1. As a result, signal CLRLC at the output of inverter becomes logic 0 enabling 6-bit counter 340. After being enabled, counter 340 counts half line intervals by incrementing the count value at the output of counter 340 in response to each falling edge of signal 2-- FH.
Six-bit comparator 350 compares the count value at the output of counter 340 (outputs QF through QA) to the value of input signal LC 5..0!. When the count value equals value LC 5..0!, signal EQ at the output of comparator 350, and the D input of DFF 352, become logic 1. The next rising edge of signal 2-- FH clocks the logic 1 value on signal EQ through DFF 352 causing signal LE at the Q output of DFF 352 to become logic 1. Because signal CSYNC is coupled to the clock input of DFF 354, the first rising edge of signal CSYNC (i.e., the first horizontal pulse) following signal LE becoming logic 1 clocks the logic 1 value of signal LE through DFF 354 and produces a logic 1 on signal LINE. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the first horizontal pulse after signal LE becomes logic 1 is the horizontal pulse corresponding to line 12 and the rising edge of signal LINE coincides with the beginning of line 12 as desired. Signal LE remains at logic 1 for one-half line interval because a value of logic 1 on signal LE clears counter 340 via NOR gate 336, DFF 334 and inverter 338 and produces a logic 0 at output EQ of comparator 350. A logic 0 on signal EQ is clocked through DFF 352 by the next rising edge of signal 2-- FH. Signal LINE remains at logic 1 for the duration of line 12 and becomes logic 0 in response the logic 0 value of signal LE being clocked through DFF 354 by the horizontal pulse on signal CSYNC corresponding to line 13.
The preceding explanation involved the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 during standby mode of operation of the system, i.e., signal STANDBY at logic 1 and signal CSYNC coupled to signal MXV. Operation during normal mode, i.e., signal STANDBY at logic 0 and signal VPLS coupled to signal MXV, is generally the same as during standby mode. However, the value of LC 5:0! that is used may differ in each mode because a significant phase error can exist between the start of the first wide vertical pulse in signal CSYNC and the start of the vertical pulse in signal VPLS. An example of the phase error is shown by the waveforms in FIG. 4. In addition, the exemplary timing relationship between signals CSYNC and VPLS shown in FIG. 4 can vary between different television chassis models requiring that the value of LC 5:0! be modified correspondingly. A more detailed explanation of the phase error problem follows.
As is evident from FIG. 4, the wide vertical pulse on signal VPLS begins during the second wide vertical pulse in signal CSYNC, i.e., the latter half of line 4. Thus, during normal mode when signal VPLS is coupled to signal MXV (signal STANDBY at logic 0), counter 330 detects the beginning of the wide vertical pulse on signal VPLS and enables counter 340 during the latter half of line 4 rather than during the first half as in standby mode. The count value produced by counter 340 increments from 0 to 1 at the end of line 4 and, if the same value of LC 5:0! is used for both modes, reaches the value LC 5:0! one-half line later than during normal mode. As a result, the pulse on signal LINE indicates the middle rather than the beginning of the desired line interval. Decreasing the value of signal LC 5..0! by one when signal VPLS is coupled to signal MXV produces the same timing of signal LINE in either case. As mentioned above, the timing relationship between signal CSYNC and VPLS can vary between television chassis models requiring that the value of LC 5..0! be adjusted accordingly.
It should be noted that other approaches to operating an auxiliary decoder during standby mode are possible. For example, a separated sync signal could be used to control the decoder during all modes of operation of the system. Also, the deflection circuitry could be supplied with standby power, thereby enabling generation of the described deflection signals during standby mode. Another approach is to provide power to the deflection circuitry during standby mode only for a limited time period during which the desired data is available. In the case of Starsight� program-guide data, for example, power could be supplied to the deflection circuitry while the data is being received and removed when data reception is complete. In addition, any approach involving providing power to deflection circuitry during standby mode could involve providing power to only that portion of the deflection circuitry needed to generate the HPLS and VPLS signals. For example, power need not be applied to the horizontal output and high voltage circuits. However, in comparison to the described alternatives, the present invention advantageously provides improved noise immunity during normal mode operation, low power during standby mode operation and low complexity.
Various modifications of the described embodiments are possible. For example, FIG. 5 shows a modification of the embodiment in FIG. 1 in which like numbered features represent the same or similar features. In FIG. 5, a composite sync signal generated by sync separator 145 in one-chip IC 14 is output from IC 14 and coupled to μC IC 10 to provide sync signal CSYNC at an input of CC decoder 102. The arrangement shown in FIG. 5 eliminates the need for sync slicer 101 in FIG. 1. However, coupling signal CSYNC from IC 14 to IC 10 requires adding an output pin on IC 14 and an input pin on IC 10. Another possible modification of the described embodiments involves including sync signal source selection only in regard to horizontal signals as in FIG. 2, or only in regard to vertical signals as in FIG. 3, or in regard to both horizontal and vertical signals by combining the embodiments in FIGS. 2 and 3 in one CC decoder design. In addition to the described modifications, various features depicted in FIGS. 2 and 3 as being circuits internal to μC 10 in FIG. 1 could be implemented in hardware external to μC 10, e.g., a decoder box external to the television receiver, or in software that is executed by a control processor such as μC 10. These and other modifications are intended to be within the scope of the following claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|14 Jul 1980
|1 Dec 1981
|Zenith Radio Corporation
|Raster manipulated television receiver
|18 Aug 1980
|15 Dec 1981
|U.S. Philips Corporation
|Television receiver arrangement having means for the selective use of separated or locally generated synchronizing signals
|16 Oct 1980
|28 Jun 1983
|Edmond Keiser
|Method and apparatus for controlling the operation of a television signal receiver
|10 May 1985
|30 Jun 1987
|Rca Corporation
|Stabilizing arrangement for on-screen display
|29 Jan 1993
|27 Jun 1995
|Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc.
|Enabling a display of closed captioning status upon detecting a code of a proper subset of closed-caption data codes
|15 Jun 1992
|26 Sep 1995
|Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc.
|Horizontal line counter insensitive to large phase shifts of video
|26 May 1995
|17 Sep 1996
|Sony Corporation
|Video recording and/or reproducing apparatus that records a signal indicating aspect ratio
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|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|3 Oct 2006
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|8 Oct 2010
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Apowersoft MKV Converter Studio v4.5.4 (Build 11/29/2016) Multilingual-P2PNov 30
Description: Description: Apowersoft MKV Converter is one of the best MKV file converter tools for you to convert MKV files with subtitles. If you want to convert MKV files to other formats and play with digital devices, such as Apple TV, Zune, Xbox 360, iPod, iPad, MP4 player, PSP, iPhone, and PS3, you need the Apowersoft MKV Converter Studio.
- Wonderful MKV Converter
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Release Names: Apowersoft.MKV.Converter.Studio.v4.5.4.(Build.11/29/2016).Multilingual-P2P
Size: 21.92 MB
Links: HOMEPAGE – NFO – Torrent Search
Download: NiTROFLARE – UPLOADED – RAPiDGATOR – UploadRocket

subset: commoncrawl


text:
This classic matchup between two up and comers in AHAT had some of the biggest crowd reaction from the whole 2014 AHAT Convention. Hipnosis an Uso from Washington makes his debut in Vegas against rising star Logic 413.
DamN uce. DAT was funny as hell…. Lmfao at this facial expression and the whole crowd while you was rapn. Gud shit keep it up. We gt you here in Oakland CA nd I'm a Toko. Ofas
Hipnosis did his thang. #TeamPoly The uso had mad barzzz!
This battle was bugged all da way out good Shit…..AHAT.TV
Rachit #CMTF
Lol this was a classic…had me dyin lmao hypnosis had good performance but logic had barz on barz..
Classic battle


text:
Porter Ranch, CA, US
This sounds like a bacon stretcher?
I listened with interest about the "Measure twice, cut once" opportunity. Not 1 hour later I was cutting some dimenisional lumber when I, unfortunately cut one short. I went to Home Depot and bought a galon of this product and laid it on thick. Because it was 4 X 8 material I let it sit longer than in the video. It worked! However it bowed, guess it will take longer in the future.
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text:
First one in, last one out.
Have an enjoy.
First one in, last one out.
Have an enjoy.
In case you haven't guessed, I'm kind of a fan of Castle Shikigami. This very group's first project, and the REASON IT EXISTS, is Castle Shikigami.
Myself, EsperKnight, and a freelance translator named Cckerberos decided to take it on, and the rest is history.
Or is it?
Yep, through some ritualistic mumbo-jumbo, CoS has actually gotten an official release on Steam.
I was as shocked as you. What's next, Ougon Musou-oh. Yeah.
Despite that most of the internet seems to not be aware that there IS a fan translation, I happen to recall vividly, having edited the damn thing.
There's a billion reviewers out there talking about Shikigami's gameplay, so I'm going to talk about the most important thing(well, at least to me): the story.
As most of you hopefully know, Shiki 1's first US release was… less than optimal.
Yeah. All the story was removed. So we translated the PC version to fix that.
And now Degica's put their own spin on it. So without further ado, let's compare.
Fan Translation
Degica Translation
Nitpicks aside, the Degica script does convey the meaning of Kohtaro's dialogue. But it lacks kick. Kohtaro's never that calm!
It's a solid translation. But it lacks flair. (Also, notice the Degica text is left-aligned and doesn't fill the bar. That's a forced thing in the translation. We fixed it in our version. Degica did not. You'll see it in our version of Fumiko's text below, likely a line we didn't correct, as it required manual updating. )
Again, the sentiment is the same. The delivery isn't.
Also, have some Engrish. Shiki tradition, right?
I gotta give them credit for that. It comes across as very clinical and autopsy-like in tone.
So in short, they made a valiant effort. It's not perfect, but I applaud them for bringing Shikigami's story to a wider audience… even if most won't even notice it.
Probably the most infamous FMV game ever made, Night Trap is part of the reason the video game rating system as we know it exists. Infamously used as part of Nintendo's arsenal during the Senate hearings on violence in video games, Night Trap was falsely presented as a game where the player kills hapless girls by luring them to their doom.
It's also commonly reviled as an awful game, a waste of the Sega CD, and often cited as one o the main examples why FMV games are the worst.
While there's no secret that Digital Pictures churned out FMV games like candy, in many ways, Night Trap is probably their most replayable title, and has a lot of content that most players will miss… if you know where to look.
I looove Disgaea 2. The depths of my obsession with the game go deep. I still own the PS2 version, it's my favorite Disgaea title, and now I'm a happy owner of the Steam version.
But here's where it gets interesting. You may recall that I dabble in subtitling stuff, and Disgaea 2's OP was my most recent project:
Now it's in game, doods!
"Some people who don't know about your Twitter might think all your projects are dead, though."
"any chance of a blog post on how the EP translation is going along?"
"Is it alright to ask how the Devil Children translation is going though? (Also good luck with CCC)"
"e p p s p w h e n (actually did debisama happen? I'm out of the loop. I assume not yet)"
"Hi cj, is fate extra CCC english patch coming out?"
"Quick Question, is the Eternal Punishment project beeing cancelled or do you continue it? There has not been any update in quite a while"
You. get. the. idea.
So first things first, since I could fill the grand canyon with the requests for this and give E.T. a run for his money.
Yes, I know.
Fate/Extra CCC (PSP)
Unchanged. Not cancelled. Full stop. Do not pass go. Do not cut off Gilgamesh's arm.
Actually, totally do that.
THIS SCRIPT IS MASSIVE AND WILL LIKELY TAKE MANY MORE WEEKS IF NOT MONTHS TO PROPERLY ORGANIZE AND FORMAT. Once this hurdle is passed, you'll be the first to know. Give or take.
Persona 2: Eternal Punishment (PSP)
Moving along nicely! Making solid progress with the remainder of the editing. I can't say a 2017 release is a given, but it's damn possible, at least based on the text progress.
Devil Summoner (PSP)
Well, I'm not involved in this, but as an intermediary for Esper, I can assure you it's happening.
Devil Children: Red & Black Book (PS1)
I am involved in this! Well, as a tester and the editor. And EsperKnight is too. I can't wait, and you best believe as a proud member of the Cult of Mirai, I will not let this go unreleased.
Sakura Wars (PC)
Translation is maybe 40% done. Stay tuned.
Shadowrun (Sega CD)
Just kidding. I have to keep lighting a fire under Esper for this one. It's a bitch, let's put it that way. But we'll get there.
That's all I got for now, hit me up on twitter or something if you'd like to know more, but probably not much to share that isn't here already, unless you want excerpts of Shikigami lore or EP PSP's script or some junk.
Back to Disgaea 2. Ciao.
Well, introducing is an exaggeration.
So Disgaea 2's on Steam now. My favorite of the series! Dood.
You can get it here. And should!
But I digress. To mark the occasion, I did an updated translation for the classic opening, 'Sinful Rose'.
(Turn on subs, doods.)
Which brings me to something I don't think I shared before… I like to do song translations, so here's some others I've done. I imagine you probably saw the Fate/Extra CCC ones I did some months(!) ago.
Here's some more. 聞いて下さい.
I love SMT, a lot. I've played, *deep breath*, I, II, III, Raidou 1 &2, Devil Summoner, Soul Hackers, DemiKids Red & Black, Imagine(far more than anyone should and than I dare admit), Strange Journey, you get the idea.
So of course I hit the ground running when Apocalypse came out.
Where does it stand in the pantheon, though?
Apocalypse has great IDEAS. The theme of a Polytheist alliance banding together to tell Lucifer and YHVH to go kick rocks? Brilliant.
The execution, not so much. The protagonist was deliberately given a younger appearance to lure in… you guessed it, the casuals. In addition, the theme of the POWER OF FRIENDSHIP permeates the entire game. You keep expecting a Social Link… Go? prompt to appear halfway through the game, it's that blatant.
I'll give Atlus credit, though. IV:A doesn't rest on that theme too heavily. Some nasty, nasty things go down in this game. People die in horrifying ways. Tokyo is a twisted place.
Merkabah is a DICK. But it just gives the whole experience constant tonality shifts. Someone dies brutally, but your best friend is totally there with you! Your friends are with you, but Merkabah slaughtered every hunter in range of him with one swing of his Hama-wielding hand.
You get the idea.
Oh, and the DLC…
Let's not go there. Apocalypse is a great game, and unlike its predecessor, rarely loses its fangs. It just every so often, sadly, reminds us of what could have and should have been had it committed to the full nine of a proper warring gods SMT experience.
Bears noting: the music is as good as ever. This is now my ringtone.
It may remain as such for months to come.


text:
It's good to have an edge in life, and especially on Wall Street. I've made millions for myself and for others with the techniques in this audiobook. I'm not the smartest guy, but I do know how to make millions per month. This book has sold over 50,000 copies.
Discover the latest information on weight loss that will help you succeed and balance everyday life. Dr. Harper delivers another number-one best seller. Take control! Take action today and get this audiobook.
©2014 law Payne (P)2014 law payne
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text:
Mumbai, Aug 13 (IANS) Youth casual wear brand, Bewakoof.com has teamed up with Yash Raj Films (YRF) to launch a merchandise range titled "The King Khan Collection", featuring superstar Shah Rukh Khan's most popular YRF movie dialogues.
The collection has used dialogues like "Rahul..naam to suna hoga", "Bade bade deshon me aisi chotti chotti baaten hoti rehti hain" and "K..k..k..k..k..Kiran" on T-shirts and boxers.
The popularity of these iconic dialogues coupled with Bewakoof.com's quirky take makes for an interesting and fun range of T-shirts, boxers and phone covers.
"Team Bewakoof's perspective on our content along with their ability to engage the young audience with their product designs is the reason for our successful relationship so far.
"With this new range we intend to take this relationship a notch higher and are confident that our audience will love this range," Manan Mehta, vice president, marketing and merchandising, said in a statement.


text:
Rain will be possible today, which could dampen the holiday commute in the Wyoming Valley, but sunshine and warmth is expected on Christmas Day.
The National Weather Service indicated that it was 65 degrees as of 6:54 a.m. at the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton International Airport, with overcast skies reported.
Mostly cloudy skies are expected today, along with scattered showers and thunderstorms possible after 9 a.m. A 50 percent chance of rain is predicted, and up to a quarter of an inch of rain is possible. Today's high will be near 69.
Partly cloudy skies are expected tonight as Santa Claus makes his way to the Wyoming Valley. The low will be around 48.
Partly sunny skies are expected on Christmas Day, with a high near 60. Mostly cloudy skies are expected on Friday night, along with a 40 percent chance of showers. Less than a tenth of an inch of rain is expected, and the low will be around 41.
Rain is likely on Saturday, with a 60 percent chance of precipitation predicted. Cloudy skies are expected otherwise, with a high near 49. Those cloudy skies will carry over into Saturday night, along with a 50 percent chance of rain. The low will be around 45.
Cloudy skies will round out the weekend on Sunday, along with a 40 percent chance of showers. The high will be near 58. Cloudy skies will carry over into Sunday night, with rain possible before 1 a.m. and snow possible into the overnight hours. The low will drop to around 32.
Be sure to check out the Times Leader's weather page for up-to-date forecasts and radar!


text:
Living and traveling in Ghana
Bolgatanga Travel Blog› entry 2 of 7 › view all entries
I lived in a few cultures before when I moved to Ghana. I thought it was gonna be an easy time. But that was so not true. I had an amazing time, but there were quite a lot of moments when I asked myself the question: what the hell am I doing here and why??????
For a long time my travel-wish-list noted a long term stay in Africa. But since a holiday is way to expensive for the budget I had, I decided to do volluntary work. I ended up by a Dutch-Ghanaian organization and they dropped me in the poor north of Ghana.
Ghana is one of the safest and developed African countries. Ghana is "safe". But use your common sense. Just like every else in the world. Ghana is developed... yes, only south... where the government is. The nothern part of Ghana is really poor. It's so dry that nothing will grow, hardly any rain in the rain season and the medical situations are 10x worse than down south.
One advice to you: don't end up in a public hospital in Africa. I got wrong medication, a too high dosis, saw a young boy die just because doctors didn't know how to do CPR. More details? No computers/monitors, TB patients in the open air, toilets filled to edge, if you have no family/friends to get your medication, bring you food, take you to the bathroom, you die. Doctors are not for taking care of you, just for the treatment. Private hospitals are much better, so don't worry. Don't let it scare you from traveling to Africa. There are so many good things and the change you end up in the hospital is small. I was just unlucky by getting typhoed. Shit happens.
Teaching in Africa is in no way to compare with the Dutch system. 55 kids in your class in normal, kids of 18 years in primary school is normal too. The kids learn what their teachers dedicate to them. They learn by repeating sentences without understanding what is means, what is used for or how to use it. Kids love doing sports. Especially soccer. Soccer makes a kid forget all the trouble in life.
I lived with a local family (father, only 1 mother, two sisters, 4 brothers). When you live in a host family you're one of their kids. The organization gave the family some money to make sure they could get me food. I eat the same food as them. That means I had more then three months the choise between rice or yam (looks like potato). Meat is for rich people, which my family wasn't. Not sure if they had meat I would had eat it. It might be any kind of meat (chicken, goat or guinnea fowl when you're lucky, pig, dog, cat or rat if you're less lucky...).
My family wanted to do every thing for me. Like preparing my food, washing my clothes (by hand), cleaning my room and getting water for a shower. But I prefered to be part of the family and village life. So I did as the only white woman my wash by hand at water pomp in the centre of the village like all women do. In the beginning they we're always laughing at me. They tought is was funny that sollamiinja (white person) knew how to wash by hand and actually getting it clean :-) Communication is hard. The national language is English, but un schooled people speak only there local language. Many Ghanaians never went to school.
After school hours or at days off I hang out with other vollunteers, some of them became really good friends, Jiska, Saskia, Aurelie and Chiara. We shared everything. From daily difficulties to what color we'd shit... Hahaha, some times it was pretty nasty :p But we needed each other. Just to speak Dutch and talk about things the locals or families didn't understand.
There are still a lot of statements the Ghanaian (maybe all Africans, I don't know) have about white people. Parents tell their kids if they touched the hand of a sollamiinja you get healing powers, all white people are rich so everybody wants to be your friend. If Ghanaians have white friends they're more important. The question is how do deal with that without putting them down.
Sometimes I had a few days off and with some other vollunteers we did some small trips in the area of Bolgatanga. I went twice to Paga where you can sit on sacred crocodile. You have to buy a chicken and the guys use it to distract the croc. Then you can come close to the animal and take pics. Afterwards the croc get the chicken alive. The chicken is come with a blink of your eyes. Crazy...
In the beginning of March we visited Mole Parc where you can do hikes in the savanna and spot elephants, monkeys, crocodiles and many kinds of antilopes, wardhogs and other creatures. Amazing!!!!!! Been as close as 20 meters/60 feet from wild elephants. We stayed at Mole Motel. What a place to relax. After four days we decided to stay two more days than we had planned. How often do you get so close to all these wild animals?
When I finished my work as a teacher I traveled for 2 weeks. Saskia and I left a week after Jiska and Claudia. We met them in Cape Coast, where we stayed for a couple of days. After that we went together to Krokobite, at the south of Ghana. Relaxing at the beach and enjoying a real toilet and good shower :-) We stayed at Big Milly's Backyard, owned by an English lady. Good food and the bar was open from early to early.....
Accra, the capital, is a world at itself. Just sit down and watch other people is a great thing to do for a while, or shop till you drop... What ever you want is possible in Accra.
Make sure you have traveler checks or a master card. Cash money is the best thing, but I think you don't wanna cross the streets with all your money in cash. But you'll never have problems getting money on what ever credit card or traveler checks...
Have fun! Ghana is a great country. People are always willing to help you and they are really friendly, tipping is wel appreciated and have patients! Without patienst you won't come any where in Africa: The Western world has the clock, the Africans have the time... Keep that in mind :-)


text:
glass storm window part
A quick learner from storm window says:
February 21, 2013
I need help finding the part for the storm glass that holds it in the track. Its awhite plastic piece that the top part snapped off. In the 1st photo is the part thats unbroken & still in the window frame-in 2nd is broken one in window. I seems to e screwed into the middle of the plastic piece. I.cant find a brand for the screen door any where! Please help! Thanx
Paul from SWISCO responded:
February 21, 2013
Thanks for posting! Take a look at our 95-029 Corner Key. How does that look?
A quick learner says:
February 26, 2013
It looks more like the sears tilt pivot part # 95-182. Can that go into storm window that doesnt tilt -it only slides up/down
Donna from SWISCO responded:
February 27, 2013
I actually agree--the 95-182 looks like a good match. Just make sure to compare the measurements and make sure they're alike.
"Tilt pivot" is just in reference to a method of removal, not function. It means that the storm or screen can tilt/swivel in to remove. You could then raise the panel, pull in the lower latches and tilt bottom, and then pull up on one side and then out/in.


text:
Celebs make a statement for the environment
Star Studio Magazine, October 2007 issue
Photos by Cherry Pineda (Gee-Ann) and courtesy of EdgyEcology
To reduce the amount of trash generated every day, EdgyEcology came up with the Not Plastic project to encourage consumers to use washable carryalls instead of plastic bags. Several celebrities have pitched in to promote the eco-friendly bags and have been seen toting them everywhere, encouraging their fans to do their bit for the environment. The "I Am Not Plastic" bags are available at Archaeology at Powerplant Mall.
Tuesday, September 25, 2007
Not Plastic
Celebs make a statement for the environment
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text:
Manufactured by: LongchampBackpack S Le Pliage Néo
Le Pliage Néo
Backpack S
This very feminine, small-sized backpack has adjustable straps and is worn low on the back.
This season, LE PLIAGE NÉO has chosen to use movement in an abstract version. Its printed canvas is decorated with a blur of shades creating an apparently single color, and an impression of movement, flashes of light and vibration. Let yourself be immersed in the graphic strength of its mesmerising pattern.
Reference : L1118578556
£ 175.00 Color : Navy Longchamp
£ 175.00Add to cart
Longchamp will call you back immediately


text:
Clarke County fifth-graders - who faced being held back if they didn't perform well on state standardized tests - showed some of the most significant improvements in test scores during the recent school year, according to test results presented to the Board of Education Thursday night.
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Overall, elementary school students in Clarke County improved on reading and language arts sections of the state Criterion-Referenced Competency Tests, although some math scores slipped, the results show. Middle school students struggled more with the tests - about 29 percent didn't meet a benchmark score on the reading section of the tests, compared to 28 percent last year, while 44 didn't meet a math benchmark, compared to 39 percent in 2004.
"We're seeing changes," said Jose Boza, director of instructional services for the Clarke County School District, who presented the test results at the school board meeting. "We're seeing some gains and some weaknesses, and my biggest concern is the drop at the middle-school level."
Performance on the CRCTs is one way a school's performance is measured under state and federal academic accountability measures, including the federal No Child Left Behind law. Third- and fifth-grade students also faced being held back if they didn't meet benchmark scores this year; eighth-grade students will face the same possibility in the upcoming school year.
Some students who didn't pass the tests and might be held back are in summer school and will take a re-test before classes start in August. School district administrators said last month that fewer fifth-graders than anticipated would have to attend summer school.
Not only did more fifth-graders meet the benchmark scores this year than in 2004 - in reading, language arts and math - but a higher percentage out-performed the standards in all three categories.
Middle school students generally held steady or struggled more than in 2004, although more sixth-grade students met the benchmark score in reading and language arts than in 2005. About 64 percent met or surpassed the standard in language arts, compared to 59 percent last year.
Boza also presented preliminary results for the Georgia High School Graduation Tests. More students passed the science and writing portions of the test this year, but fewer passed the English, math and social studies portions.
Boza advised patience in studying the test scores, to allow new teaching methods and updated curriculum time to take hold. He expects improvements after teachers on the elementary and middle school level begin working with coaches who will help them learn and develop the most effective teaching methods.
School board members also have included $114,000 in the tentative 2005-06 budget for a remedial education program in the high schools that would provide additional teaching and resources for students struggling to pass the graduation tests.
"You're not going to get results that last unless you look at the long-term," Boza said.
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Kundirana is a high-school Music Ministry. Its members are part of a select few students from La Salle Green Hills. Aside from being a known singing group and music ministry, Kundirana also has the distinction of being the most renowned high school singing group in the Philippines.[1]
- 1 Composition
- 2 Former members
- 3 Concerts
- 4 Charity work
- 5 Nuestra Señora De Guia
- 6 Kundirana 2012: Change The World
- 7 Kundirana 2013: For The Love
- 8 Kundirana 2014: Heart and Soul
- 9 Kundirana 2015: Code of Love
- 10 Kundirana 2016: Gratitude
- 11 Current Counsel Members
- 12 References
The Kundirana is a high school singing group that can be joined by any third or fourth year high school student in LSGH. The members are carefully picked after rigorous auditions (mainly because the group has to ensure that the person applying has talent in singing, and is not afraid of performing in front of a large crowd). Although the number of people who audition range from 50-70, only about a handful are chosen (depending on the number of graduating members). The number of members range from 10-16. Once chosen, a Kundirana member undergoes strict training both in voice and dance as well as how to carry himself in public as an ambassador of goodwill.
It has developed successful artists such as Gary Valenciano, Ogie Alcasid, Randy Santiago, Monet Silvestre, Rannie Raymundo, Dingdong Avanzado, Dingdong Eduque, Montet Acoymo, Juan Miguel Salvador, Carlo Orosa, Vince Alaras, Von de Guzman and Gian Magdangal of Philippine Idol, Louie Ocampo, Mel Villena, Mon Faustino, Tats Faustino, Rowell Santiago, Manuel Lahoz, Mikoy Morales, Chito Genito, Manny Pagsuyuin (ex-Campus Radio WLS-FM DJ Jimmy Jam now with Retro 105.9 DCG-FM), Joel Salud, Dennis Buenaventura, and Dennis Barot.
Former members[edit]
A lot of former members have either continued on to musical careers or have pursued diverse futures. Nevertheless, these former members have proved themselves successful in their paths, and most of them are leaders in their own fields.
A former Kundirana member based in the United States became a doctor and was the one who operated on the US Congresswoman who was shot in the head.
Kundirana has a number of concerts per year, including a farewell concert on June.[2] They also perform in several gatherings some of which have included the opening of the NCAA Season 83 in San Juan Arena where they sang the national anthem, and the Inauguration of Noynoy Aquino where they performed a number with Ogie Alcasid and Regine Velasquez. In August 1987, Kundirana was nationally honored with the Aliw Award as Best Cultural Group in the Philippines. Just recently, the KUNDIRANA celebrated its 40th anniversary with a grand reunion concert at the CCP entitled "KUNDIRANA KWARENTA NA! The Men, Music and Mission".
Charity work[edit]
Kundirana indulges in its public ministry to serve the needy. The ministry aims to bring joy to the sick, the elderly and the forgotten through music. Among their missionary works, Kundirana can claim to have largely built Bahay Pag-asa, a halfway house in Bacolod, Negros Occidental for juvenile delinquents, who in the past were being jailed with adult criminals who would abuse and corrupt them. Kundirana has also built a lot of classrooms in many parts of the country.
Nuestra Señora De Guia[edit]
The Patron and Holy Image of Kundirana. The Kundirana is not, and has never been, just an ordinary singing group. In these times of confusion and disillusionment, they are the beacon of inspiration and a sterling example of what is the true substance of all performance, and all art: the upliftment of the human spirit.
These young men accomplish this task not only through their selfless commitment to the service for others that is fueled by an enlightenment behind-the-scenes moral formation which includes a strict code of conduct, ethics and discipline and the molding of a meaningful prayer life.
This task is also accomplish by the group's faith and devotion to Christ and a special relationship with the Blessed Mother. In all of Kundirana's engagements and travels, they are accompanied by the image of the Nuestra Señora De Guia, Our Lady of Guidance, whose home is the Ermita Church.
She is the oldest Marian image in the Philippines, is truly the guide of these young men as she leads their way through the difficult paths to people's hearts. Some, hardened. turned to tender devotion, and others, hungry perhaps for our Lady's succor, rekindled in themselves warm compassion for her.
She was, and is, an important part of the Kundirana's mission. The Lady is there, always leading the Kundirana's way to touch people's hearts, not only through their music, but more importantly, by the example of their faith.
Kundirana 2012: Change The World[edit]
Kundirana 2012 is the 41st batch of the Kundirana Music Ministry. They had their Maiden concert October 2011 and in the following month, joined several alumni in participating in the grand reunion concert of the 40th year of The Kundirana Music Ministry held at the CCP representing the current Kundirana batch.
They are also the first Kundirana batch directed by Mr. Monet Silvestre who is also a Kundirana alumnus. This batch bears the distinction of having brought back the existence of the Kundirana Band which consists of five musicians. They bring the live-music element to each of their performances which in previous years, was absent.
In January 2012, the group had their DLSDasmarinas concert with Mr Gary Valenciano. February 2012, Kundirana 2012 was invited to perform once again in Guam, by Archbishop Anthony Sablan Apuron of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Agana. In April 21, 2012, the group held a concert in the city of Davao with Mr. Ogie Alcasid to celebrate a donation to the One La Salle Scholarship Fund by The DLSS - Davao Chapter which was matched by an anonymous donor who witnessed the whole performance by the batch including Mr. Ogie Alcasid. Followed by the Davao concert, the group soon headed to the west coast of USA to do their annual California tour; holding concerts in Carlsbad, San Diego, Diamond Bar, Los Angeles, Chula Vista, San Diego, Murrieta Mesa, Temecula and Sacramento.
They had their Farewell concert on June 28, 2012 at the Bro. Donato Center for the Performing Arts in La Salle Green Hills which was supposed to be their final concert as a batch. Although in July 2012, they were invited once again to perform a final concert in La Salle Ozamis to help raise funds for the typhoon that hit the area.
Milo Magno (Singer)
Mico Cruz (Singer)
Harjjii Torio (Singer)
Levy Cabatingan (Singer)
Jep Pimentel (Singer)
Jamie Calixto (Singer)
Thaddeus Calabia (Singer)
Carlo Clemente (Singer)
Louie Pedroso (Singer)
Luis Gabriel T. Lago (Lead Guitar)
Xyrus Sims (Guitar and Saxophone)
Mizo Banaria (Drums)
Hans Canteras (Bass Guitar)
Joseph Samson (Keyboards)
Jean Garcia (Production Assistant)
Kundirana 2013: For The Love[edit]
Kundirana 2013 is the 42nd batch of the Kundirana Music Ministry. They had their Maiden concert October 2012 and in the following month were able to tour around different Lasallian Schools.
Louie Tanaka (Singer)
Mico Cruz (Singer)
Steven Maristela (Singer)
Levy Cabatingan (Singer)
JP Centeno (Singer)
Matthew Ong (Singer)
Gian Inocencio (Singer)
Erickson Amores (Singer)
Louie Pedroso (Singer)
Hans Cantreras (Lead Guitar)
Ralph Murillo (Drums)
Mike Tee (Bass Guitar)
Adrian Goh (Keyboards)
Jaffe Misa (Production Assistant)
Kundirana 2014: Heart and Soul[edit]
Kundirana 2014 is the 43rd batch of the Kundirana Music Ministry. They had their Maiden concert October 2013 and in the following month were able to tour around different Lasallian Schools. They had the chance to Perform for the Ombudsman of the Philippines, Conchita Carpio Morales. They also had a chance to tour around different Lasallian Schools like University of St. La Salle in Bacolod, Negros Occidental, De La Salle Zobel, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute and La Salle Academy Iligan City. Kundirana 2014 were also given a chance to perform at Flushing Meadows in Bohol.
Kundirana also had several television appearances, First in ABS-CBN DZMM TeleRadyo, second in Umagang Kay Ganda a famous morning show in the Philippines and third in a Holy Friday Special featuring the music video of Kundirana 2014's original song entitled, "I'll be still, I'll be healed"
The batch was able to record their original song composed by their Musical Director, Monet Silvestre entitled "I'll Be Still, I'll Be Healed". The song is focused on the love of Mary for Christ and for the people.
Last April to May 2014, Kundirana 2014 had a concert tour in USA. The group visited 4 cities in California. They had their first stop in Temecula, then North San Diego, then Chula Vista and last is Sacramento.
Maiden Concert (October 19, 2013)
Pre Departure Concert (March 29, 2014)
Farewell Concert (July 19, 2014)
Raven Leonardo (Singer)
Adrian Goh (Singer)
Steven Maristela (Singer)
Brendan Barcena (Singer)
JP Centeno (Singer)
Matthew Ong (Singer)
Eggy Manuel (Singer)
Erickson Amores (Singer)
Jaffe Misa (Singer)
Nico Mercado (Lead Guitar)
Randall Meria (Drums)
Mike tee (Bass Guitar)
JP Ocampo/Monet Silvestre (Keyboards)
Martin Pioquinto (Production Assistant)
Kundirana 2015: Code of Love[edit]
Kundirana 2015 is the 44th batch of the La Salle Green Hills' Kundirana Music Ministry. The group consists of 12 members; 8 singers and 4 band members. Their Maiden concert was held last December 6, 2014 at the Brother Donato Center for the Performing Arts. In the preceding months, the group performed in corporate events and various Lasallian schools such as De Lasalle Canlubang, Lasalle Academy Iligan, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute in Dasmarinas, Cavite, in which Kundirana alumnus Mikoy Morales and singing sensation Christian Bautista performed with the group in different concerts.
The batch will soon be able to record and perform live their new original composed and arranged by their Musical Director, Monet Silvestre, entitled "Do it for Love". The song focuses on all the Kundirana members' love and passion in all of their performances having in mind the idea of making a difference.
Last April to May 2015, Kundirana 2015 had a concert tour in the USA. The group visited 3 cities in California; Temecula, Chula Vista, and North San Diego.
Maiden Concert (December 6, 2014)
Pre Departure Concert (April 19, 2014)
Farewell Concert (July 4, 2015)
Brendan L. Barcena (Singer)
Eggy Manuel (Singer)
Paolo Morales (Singer)
Mikko Quilala (Singer)
Daniel Menilio (Singer)
Baileys Acot (Singer)
Leon Matawaran (Singer)
Randall Meria (Drums)
Pancho Revilla (Lead Guitar)
Anton Villa-ignacio (Bass Guitar)
Gelo Morales (Keyboards)
Matthew Angeles (Production Assistant)
Kundirana 2016: Gratitude[edit]
Daniel Menil (Singer)
Baileys Acot (Singer)
Milo Uncanin (Singer)
Aj Angeles (Singer)
Miguel Tagle (Singer)
Joaquin Lagman(Singer)
Charles Ongchangco(Drummer)
Anton Villa-Ignacio (Bass Guitar)
Nathan Asuncion( Lead Guitar)
Monet Silvestre (Keyboard)
Maiden Concert (November 14, 2015)
Current Counsel Members[edit]
Monet Silvestre (Musical Director)
Manuel Lahoz (Production Head)
Bro. Richie Yap (Moderator)
Beth Austria (Marketing)
- ^ The Manila Times Internet Edition | LIFE & TIMES > 35 years of Kundirana music manilatimes.net. Accessed August 31, 2007.
- ^ Commemoration for the graduating members (those who are in 4th year).


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Miss. Andry: Jae Ari discusses misandry & the ideology of equality
Toronto, ON – Toronto artist Jae Ari just released a brand new single titled "Miss. Andry" (produced by Hpnotic718).
"Miss. Andry" is a song about misandry, and the double-standard of feminism that Jae has observed. He delivers an honest commentary as to why he disagrees with the feminist movement, sans any sort of push for his listeners to agree with him.
The way Jae sees it, equality is an ideology that's also mostly just an illusion. He sees women and men as different creatures; and ultimately the dude just wants us to celebrate our gender differences and embrace who we are. Check out the record below via SoundCloud, go cop it for a buck on Bandcamp, and scope our Q&A with Jae after the jump.
Q&A: Jae Ari
HipHopCanada: Start off by telling me what this means to you on a personal level.
Jae Ari: This song is just timely. With everything going on I wanted to make a song socially provocative about what's happening now. I see so many artists out here making music they think people will like. Like think about that… It's not even about what they like or something special to them; it's just riding waves. There's a time and place for that but on a personal level and especially during these economical and political times there needs to be some type of balance for what we are seeing today.
HipHopCanada: I'm curious as to what prompted you to pen this one? Was there a particular situation or series of events that inspired this track?
Jae Ari: It was from a personal and observational experience. I was dating someone who once identified as a feminist. It didn't last long as I bailed like I left jail. The second verse details some of the events. When making serious records, I tend to add my personality to ease the seriousness; but you still have to craft it as a song. I ain't trying to lecture people on my perspective. So it's still gotta be catchy and structurally written to be listened to again and again.
HipHopCanada: Talk to me about the feminism double standard and how it's impacted you.
Jae Ari: With feminism I find the whole premise is to vilify the opposite sex. They'll never admit that though. Any type of movement that requires you to bring someone down to pull yourself up is not credible or genuine. You're indirectly implying you need "us" to even exist as a movement. I just think it's outdated and although in theory it's commendable, in practice it's a hot mess. It has not impacted me on personal level because my vetting game is A1. But as this relates to your second question I remember a female who was the whole "strong independent" type complaining about how all the good men are gone. So let's get this straight… you claim that you do not need a man but in the same sentiment you're inquiring and lamenting on how all the good ones are gone? It's just pure foolishness.
HipHopCanada: In your opinion, what's the difference between misandry and feminism? I feel like a lot of females are preaching feminism right now when in actuality it's misandry.
Jae Ari: Misandry is women who hate men. Feminism is an ideology of equality for genders. But I feel "equality" isn't even a real thing. In my opinion, it's practically sold to us as hope. But in reality it's just not possible. You know the saying "in a perfect world"? Well yeah, of course… but we're not in a perfect world. I feel the same. Generally speaking most of these movements of today to me remind me of the dynamics of high school. You gotta pick sides. There's no objectivity in anything and all these people in these movements are full of jealously and hate; fueled and driven by emotions. Losers. At least they are true to themselves, though, I guess. But I avoid 'em all like the plague.
HipHopCanada: Do you consider yourself a feminist?
Jae Ari: No. I just don't align with the ideology. What we see in the world today though is that not all women are feminist and not all feminist are women. Men calling themselves feminist is weird to me but we're living in times now where you can identify as practically anything so there's that. Bottom line: women have certain inherit attributes, just because they're women. And men have their own, too. And each should to be celebrated in their own right, respectfully.
HipHopCanada: How did the collaboration with Hpnotic718 come about? And what was your work process like for this one?
Jae Ari: I've been sitting on this beat for a minute. Hpnotic got the juice so it's really about getting my mind right to write something down on his smooth beats. This beat has been stashed for maybe a year. Truth be told… I hoard a lot of music but I'm also calculated with releases so the work process depends on the demand or the changing times.
Twitter: @itsanewjae
Tags: HPNOTIC718, Jae Ari
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Online hacktivist group Anonymous on Friday invited its supporters in Liverpool, England, to confront high-profile pedophiles in their homes, the group said in its YouTube statement.
In a short video clip, the group urged supporters to "march to the homes of some of those involved in this nightmarish cover-up," warning alleged child molesters that "Friday the 13th will see us become the nightmare on Elite Street."
Anonymous claimed they uncovered a "club of elite pedophiles" that had been raping and murdering children for their own entertainment for years. The ring allegedly involves politicians, royals, religious and media figures, singers, and actors.
"You think you are safe? You think you are untouchable and that we will not directly interrupt your lives? You are wrong. You are the stuff of nightmares," the video said.
The UK media reported last December that the majority of child sexual abuse survivors in the United Kingdom mistrusted Home Secretary Theresa May's investigation into claims of decades-long child abuse cover-ups.
An inquiry panel was established last summer to conduct a wide-ranging investigation over allegations of child abuse dating back to the 1970s and 1980s.
Since then, two consecutive chairs of the inquiry have stepped down in response to criticism over their impartiality due to links with current and former politicians possibly implicated in the scandal.


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The Hood River News is planning to revive the Community Calendar. To do so, we need information on the scheduled meetings of community groups of all kinds.
Please submit the name of your organization, meeting dates and times, a short description of the group, and a daytime contact name and phone number.
Information will be compiled for periodic publication in the newspaper. The Hood River News address is P.O. Box 390, Hood River. Fax information to 386-6796, or e-mail to hrnewsATeaglenewspapers.com.
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Happy Friday! This week has been an absolute mess of canceled classes and broken phones so I am beyond ready for the weekend. I'm also in a bit of a creative funk, so bear with me as I figure out the new direction of TBB.
Friday Favorites
- ART: I recently started freelancing for Kristin Blakeney and she is the absolute best! Her work is insanely beautiful and she is just the sweetest person. To see her work follow, @KRISTINBLAKENEYART on Instagram.
- ALT FOREVER: The name of my favorite playlist on Spotify and the one I'm constantly updating. My username is abbytecza if you want to follow it!
- ESPADRILLES: These need to make their way into my closet. I am really into the idea of wearing strappy dresses and suede shoes all summer long.
- HAPPIEST YEAR: According to this article, I'm a year away from one of my happiest years.
- INSPO: Is this not the most gorgeous bedroom?
- SPRING GREENS: Asparagus and peas are in season and I can't stop cooking them! This recipe is up next.
- OIL: This stuff works wonders.


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The new CM10.1 is doing the round on many devices. Now you can add the galaxy Mini 2 S6500D to that list. This is of course custom firmware, however, if it is a taste of the latest Android 4.2.2 Jelly bean you are after, then this is something you may want to try.
Back in Q3 of this year the rumors were that India will be seeing this heading overseas to a store near them with their very own version. It originally came out back in February of 2012 with the 2.3.6 Gingerbread. While that does make it the last Gingerbread that ever came out, it is still a ways off what we know as the best software out there for Android today. Once you take the jump up to jelly bean it's a whole new world. It will be smooth as silk. Way smoother and faster than the cookie variety. Ice Cream Sandwich doesn't even compare to this build. Not only does it just work better, but there's also features that will blow your mind. If you were ever jealous of the Siri voice assistant Apple fan boys had, well know you've got your own in Google Now. It's also arguably better than what Apple ever made. It's super smart and can store memory and then you answer with things using what they have learnt. For example, using its online mind it can tell how much traffic is at a certain area. Now if you have already made a trip with Google Now it can store that data and know how long it took. It will then use its computer mind to calculate how long it thinks it's going to take you to get to your destination. This is just one of many examples that it is capable of. There is one thing that has stopped it from really kicking off and that is that people don't like talking to their phones. There is no option but to talk to it to get it to work. It is a personal voice help after all.
4.2.2 Has been the best of anything we have seen in 2013 until the very latest KitKat came out. Arguably, there isn't really anything great there anyway. Some of the biggest devices of the year came with this build. Take the Moto X, which saw this variety right off the bat. It's still doing the rounds on many more also, even though newer things have happened since.
CyanogenMod took a turn for the worst when Google — who is apparently supportive of being open source — decided to pull the Cyanogen installer off the shelf because it beached their terms and conditions. All this just weeks after they became a full-fledged company. One of the big reasons for doing this was to make things easier. That is what the installer did best for people. It's a real shame to see Google acting the way that they did. Apparently both sides are in talks to hopefully reach an agreement to get the show back on the road.
For the more experienced, this shouldn't really have any impact on things at all for you. The Rom's will still come with the same amount of appeal as they ever did. Many purists preferred to install it the normal way anyway because this was half the fun for them. Hopefully you who are reading this feel the same way!
It's paramount that you back things up before continuing. You will be able to simply back it up to the devices external SD card for safe keeping.
Make sure you have:
– Samsung Galaxy Mini 2 S6500D USB drivers.
– USB debugging mode enabled.
Last but not least, make sure you have adequate battery life left because the last thing you want is for it to run out during the procedure. Juice it up as much as you can.
How to update the Samsung Galaxy Mini 2 S6500D to Android 4.2.2 Jelly Bean using CM 10.1 custom firmware
1. Firstly, you will need to grab the CM10.1 Unofficial Build ROM for Galaxy Mini 2 S6500D and the Google Gapps pack.
2. Connect the Mini 2 to the computer via USB.
3. Transfer the two files (without extracting) to the mobiles SD card.
4. Unplug the phone and turn the power off.
5. Boot it back up in recovery mode. Recovery for a custom ROM being ClockworkMod.
6. Navigate to wipe the cache partition. The next thing to do is wipe/data factory reset and finally wipe cache partition. Those which I just mentioned are crucial tasks. The next one presented is the Dalvik cache. This one is more of an option and not a need. However, if you want a smooth run with no issues it is highly recommended.
7. There is an option on the first screen that says: choose zip from SD card. Follow this command.
8. Upload the CM Rom file and the Gapps file, respectively, but at separate times, to the device.
That's basically the job finished. From the first screen when you enter recovery, there is an option that says the reboot system now. Find that and select it.