text: Introduction and Overview On January 23, 2015, the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance (the "staff") of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") issued a no-action letter (the "Letter") amending and expanding its longstanding positions regarding abbreviated (i.e., less than the 20 business days as required by Rule 14e-1(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) cash tender offers or exchange offers for non-convertible debt securities. A copy of the Letter can be found at: http://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/cfnoaction/2015/abbreviated-offers-debt-securities012315-sec14.pdf. The Letter was issued in response to a request submitted by a number of law firms, including Sidley Austin LLP, who regularly represent issuers, dealer managers and investors in connection with debt tender offers. This update describes the Letter, which, subject to certain conditions and limitations, permits tender offers for debt securities to be conducted over a period as brief as five business days. The Letter is the result of extensive discussions and negotiations among the law firms, the Credit Roundtable and the staff. It is intended, among other things, to bring the staff's no-action positions into the 21st Century, recognizing that many of the staff's prior positions, as reflected in a series of no-action letters dating back to 1986, may be outdated because of advancements in technology. The Letter specifically states that it "supersedes the letters issued to Goldman Sachs & Co. (March 26, 1986); Salomon Brothers Inc. (March 12, 1986); Salomon Brothers Inc. (October 1, 1990); and any similar letters relating to abbreviated offering periods in nonconvertible debt tender offers. None of the foregoing letters should be taken to express the Division's position with respect to tender offers commencing after the date hereof." Accordingly, we are in a new age. One of the biggest changes reflected in the Letter is the extension of its no-action position to exchange offers as well as to cash tender offers. The relief granted by the Letter is limited, as in the past, to offers for nonconvertible debt securities. Offers for convertible debt securities are not covered by the Letter. Convertible debt securities are considered "equity securities," and offers for those securities must be analyzed in the same manner as offers for other equity securities. The Letter is a departure from prior SEC relief in that it is not limited to debt securities with an "investment grade" rating. Accordingly, high-yield debt securities are eligible for the relief. As in the past, the Letter only reflects the staff's positions on compliance with Rule 14e-1 and not on other anti-fraud and anti-manipulation provisions of the federal securities laws.Page 2 Eligibility Requirements In order to be eligible to rely on the Letter, the offer must: • be made for any and all of a series of non-convertible debt securities; • be made by the issuer of the target securities, a direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the issuer or a parent company that directly or indirectly owns 100% of the capital stock (other than directors' qualifying shares) of the issuer; • be made solely for cash and/or "Qualified Debt Securities" (described below) of the issuer; and • be open to all record and beneficial holders of the target debt securities. An exchange offer can now be conducted in the abbreviated offer period if both: • The new securities offered are "Qualified Debt Securities." These are non-convertible debt securities, which are identical in all material respects (including, but not limited to, the issuer(s), guarantor(s), collateral, lien priority, covenants and other terms) to the debt securities that are the subject of the exchange offer except for the maturity date, interest payment and record dates, redemption provisions and interest rate. The Qualified Debt Securities must have (i) all interest payable only in cash and (ii) a weighted average life to maturity that is longer than the debt securities that are the subject of the exchange offer. • The holders of the target debt securities who are not "Eligible Exchange Offer Participants" or an affiliate thereof (i.e., Qualified Institutional Buyers as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and/or non-U.S. Persons within the meaning of Regulation S under the Securities Act) would, instead of being excluded from the offer, as is current practice, be given the option to receive cash (from either the offeror or a dealer manager) for such holder's debt securities in a final amount that is determined by the offeror, in its reasonable judgment, to approximate the value of the Qualified Debt Securities being offered and that is set forth at the commencement of the offer. Limitations Any abbreviated offer (for cash and/or Qualified Debt Securities) is subject to the following limitations: • it must not be made in connection with a solicitation of consents to amend the indenture, form of note or other agreement governing the subject debt securities; • it must not be made if a default or event of default exists under the indenture or any other indenture or material credit agreement to which the issuer is a party; • it must not be made at the time the issuer is the subject of bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding or has commenced a solicitation of consents for a "pre-packaged" bankruptcy proceeding or if the board of directors of the issuer has authorized discussions with creditors of the issuer to effect a consensual restructuring of the issuer's outstanding indebtedness; • it must not be financed with "Senior Indebtedness." "Senior Indebtedness" is indebtedness that is incurred to finance all or a portion of the consideration in the abbreviated offer, excluding indebtedness or borrowings under any credit or debt facility existing prior to the commencement of the offer, if such indebtedness (i) has obligors, guarantors or collateral (or a higher priority with respect to collateral) that the Page 3 subject debt securities do not have; (ii) has a weighted average life to maturity less than that of the subject debt securities; or (iii) is otherwise senior in right of payment to the subject debt securities; • it must permit tenders prior to the expiration of the offer through a guaranteed delivery procedure by means of a certification by or on behalf of a holder that such holder is tendering securities beneficially owned by it and that the delivery of such securities will be made no later than the close of business on the second business day after the expiration of the offer; • it must provide for withdrawal rights that are exercisable (i) at least until the earlier of (x), the expiration date of the offer, and (y), in the event the offer is extended, the 10th business day after commencement of the offer, and (ii) at any time after the 60th business day after the commencement of the offer if for any reason the offer has not been consummated; • it must provide that the offeror will not pay the consideration in the offer until promptly after expiration of the offer (i.e., no early settlement); and • it must not be (i) made in anticipation of, in response to, or concurrently with, a change of control or other type of extraordinary transaction involving the issuer, such as a merger (or similar business combination), reorganization or liquidation or sale of all, or substantially all, of its consolidated assets; (ii) made in anticipation of, or in response to, other offers for the issuer's securities; (iii) made concurrently with an offer for any other series of the issuer's securities made by the issuer (or any subsidiary or parent of the issuer) if the effect of such offer, if consummated (by way of amendment, exchange or otherwise), would be to add obligors, guarantors or collateral (or increase the priority of liens securing such other series) or shorten the weighted average life to maturity of such other series; or (iv) commenced within 10 business days after the first public announcement or the consummation of the purchase, sale or transfer by the issuer or any of its subsidiaries of a material business or amount of assets that would require the furnishing of pro forma financial information with respect to such transaction pursuant to Article 11 of Regulation S-X (whether or not the issuer is a registrant under the Exchange Act). Notice Requirements Any abbreviated offer must be announced by means of a press release through a widely disseminated news or wire service disclosing the basic terms of the offer and containing an active hyperlink or Internet address at which a record or beneficial holder could obtain copies of the offer to purchase and letter of transmittal, if any, and other instructions or documents (including a form of guaranteed delivery instructions) relating to the tender of the securities (collectively, "Immediate Widespread Dissemination") in each case at or prior to 10:00 a.m., Eastern time, on the first business day of the five business day offer period. In addition to Immediate Widespread Dissemination, the offeror would also be required to (i) use commercially reasonable efforts to send the press release announcing the offer via email (or other form of electronic communication) to all investors subscribing to one or more corporate action e-mails or similar lists; (ii) use other customary methods in order to expedite the dissemination of information concerning the tender offer to beneficial holders of the subject debt securities; and (iii) issue a press release promptly after the consummation of the offer setting forth the results of the offer.Page 4 If the issuer or the offeror is a reporting company under the Exchange Act (including "voluntary filers"), it must furnish the press release announcing the offer in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission prior to 12:00 noon, Eastern time, on the first business day of the offer. The offer must provide for communication by Immediate Widespread Dissemination, at least five business days prior to the expiration of the offer, of any change in the consideration being offered, and at least three business days prior to the expiration of the offer of any other material change to the offer, in each case at or prior to 10:00 a.m., Eastern time, on the first day of such five or three business day period. If the issuer or the offeror is a reporting company under the Exchange Act (including a "voluntary filer"), it must describe any change in the consideration being offered in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission prior to 12:00 noon, Eastern time, on the first day of the five business day period. Consideration The consideration offered may be a fixed amount of cash (and/or Qualified Debt Securities) or an amount of cash (and/or Qualified Debt Securities) based on a fixed spread to a benchmark and, in the case of Qualified Debt Securities, the coupon may be based on a spread to a benchmark. A "benchmark" includes U.S. Treasury Rates, London Interbank Offered Rate, swap rates and, in the case of securities denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars, sovereign securities or swap rates denominated in the same currency as the securities subject to the offer, in each case that are readily available on a Bloomberg or similar trading screen or quotation service. The spread used for determining the amount of consideration offered must be announced at the commencement of the offer. In the case of an offer of Qualified Debt Securities, if the interest rate or the spread used for determining the interest rate for such securities is not fixed and announced at the commencement of the offer, it must be announced at the commencement of the offer as a range of not more than 50 basis points, with the final interest rate or spread to be announced by 9:00 a.m., Eastern time, on the business day prior to the expiration of the offer. The exact amount of consideration and the interest rate (in the case of amounts or interest rates based on fixed spreads to a benchmark) on any Qualified Debt Securities must be fixed no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the last day of the offer. In addition, in the case of an offer of Qualified Debt Securities, a minimum acceptance amount must be announced at the commencement of the offer. In order to limit the amount of cash that an offeror (or a dealer manager) may have to pay to holders who are not Eligible Exchange Offer Participants (or their affiliates), an offeror may decide to include a condition precedent to its offer that no more than a specified maximum amount of cash would be required to be paid in the offer or else both the cash offer and the concurrent exchange offer would terminate. Conclusion As a result of the Letter, the staff has taken a step towards updating and standardizing the rules that relate to tender offers (cash and exchange) for non-convertible debt securities.Page 5 This will hopefully address much of the uncertainty regarding various structures that have developed in the market and result in a level playing field for all. By applying these new procedures across the board to all non-convertible debt securities, regardless of rating, an additional level of fairness will also exist. This certainly does not come without a price. The Letter imposes additional requirements on issuers who wish to rely on it that were not required by the superseded letters. Some of the important new requirements are: • Timing. Instead of being able to launch an offer at any time during the day, the offer must now be launched by 10:00 a.m., Eastern time, to count that day as the first business day of the offer period. • Withdrawal Rights. While often provided voluntarily before the Letter, withdrawal rights are now required. • Settlement. Under the Letter, settlement may not take place prior to the expiration of the offer. • Notice of Guaranteed Delivery. As a result of the Letter, holders must be allowed to use guaranteed delivery. • Filings. Public companies (including "voluntary filers") must file a Current Report on Form 8-K announcing the commencement of the offer. • Disqualifying Acts. The Letter sets out an extensive list of facts and circumstances that will prohibit reliance on the Letter. It has taken the staff a long time to arrive at the point set forth in the Letter. While we believe this is a positive step, we hope that it is only an interim step and that the staff will continue to seek input on additional ways to liberalize the rules related to debt tenders so as to allow this market to function in the most efficient manner possible. In the Letter, the staff said that it will monitor developments in cash tender and exchange offers for non-convertible debt securities and may reconsider the positions expressed in the Letter. The following Sidley lawyers or your regular contact at the firm would be pleased to provide more information. Edward D. Ricchiuto Partner firstname.lastname@example.com +1.212.839.8650 Miguel A. Nieves Associate firstname.lastname@example.com +1.212.839.5824 Securities Practice Our Securities practice includes lawyers practicing in our offices in the United States, Europe, Asia, Singapore and Australia. We represent issuers, underwriters and other financial intermediaries in structuring and executing securities transactions and disclosure matters in all of the world's major financial markets. Our lawyers are qualified to practice law in the United States, England and Wales, Hong Kong and Japan, and regularly work on matters involving the securities regulators and the securities exchanges in those markets. Global Finance Practice Sidley's Global Finance practice is comprised of lawyers who have pioneered the development of financial instruments for the world's financial markets. Our team provides a comprehensive range of syndicated and leveraged finance, asset-based debt finance and structured finance legal services for domestic and international clients. This includes transactions involving recapitalizations, commercial property, construction and development loans, derivatives and secured financings. Working on matters across the spectrum of structured finance transactions, including repurchase agreements and other asset-based lending arrangements, term asset-backed and mortgage-backed securitizations, conduit transactions, covered bond transactions and synthetic securitizations, our lawyers have experience with every major asset class and many esoteric asset classes and represent clients in all aspects of the creation, management, restructuring and termination of structured finance transactions.Page 6 To receive Sidley Updates, please sign up at www.sidley.com/subscribe. BEIJING ∙ BOSTON ∙ BRUSSELS ∙ CHICAGO ∙ DALLAS ∙ GENEVA ∙ HONG KONG ∙ HOUSTON ∙ LONDON ∙ LOS ANGELES ∙ NEW YORK ∙ PALO ALTO ∙ SAN FRANCISCO ∙ SHANGHAI ∙ SINGAPORE ∙ SYDNEY ∙ TOKYO ∙ WASHINGTON, D.C. Sidley Austin refers to Sidley Austin LLP and affiliated partnerships as explained at www.sidley.com/disclaimer. www.sidley.com


text:
I am new to this but Ill try.
I registered at roxy palace on 25th of September 2014. Deposited 35 GBP and won 112GBP. I am not a gambler so I left the account like it was and also sent them my documents for verification. Im not sure if they were ever verified because I did not get a reply. Now after new years I tried to log in and play a liitle more and support in live chat wrote me this "the decision has been taken to close your account without possibility to reopen it" .
I dont know whats the problem. I will be glad to hear if someone can help, thanks.
Dear @valcer85,
Any update considering your complaint? Thank you.
At Roxy Palace we strive to offer all valued players the best service and experience through a secure gaming environment. In our efforts to achieve this we have experienced and trained individuals that are tasked to ensure that every account listed with us is taken through a thorough review and that this meets the standards set to us by Ecogra and the LGA.
After a full financial and account investigation. Feedback from our Risk Management is that the investigation located certain discrepancies which indicated direct Risk to the Casino as well as our players.
Due to concerns from this, the decision was made to close the account and the funds on the account were forfeited as per the parameters set out on term 11:
At this time we reserve the right to respectfully decline any request for valid evidence of the statements made due to the fact that the investigation documents may contain private and confidential information that we prefer not to share. Reasons for this is that this may infringe on the security of the Casino, our players and private individuals involved in the investigation.
All documents pertaining to the investigation were handled with the utmost security in mind and was only provided to parties involved in the investigation. The customer in this case is advised to contact E-cogra for further information regarding the documentation or feedback on the investigation.
Based on this we request that the proper channels be contacted and correct procedures be followed for any 'proof' or supportive information pertaining to this case.
As Roxy Palace respects the privacy of past and current customers and as we would be held liable for any "leaked" confidential information we again refer you to E-cogra and LGA.
Are you satisfied with casino's answer, can we close this complaint?
It's a nice practice to confirm if your complaint is resolved or not, thank you.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Waiting for Cruz decision, Giants add WR Murphy
EAST RUTHERFORD, N.J. — With leading receiver Victor Cruz still unsigned, the New York Giants have added Louis Murphy.
The Giants on Tuesday confirmed the signing of the speedy receiver who played last season with Carolina. The five-year veteran has 115 receptions for 1,707 yards and seven touchdowns, including 25 catches with the Panthers in 2012.
Murphy was Oakland's fourth-round draft choice in 2009. As a rookie, he scored four touchdowns.
|The article you requested is no longer available on BostonHerald.com.


text:
- Listen Live
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Please pray for my 22 yr old step daughter that has just been diagnosed with lymphoma. Tumor has grown large enough it's deviated her heart and interrupting her normal breaths. Her lungs fill w/ fluid. Pray God does his will n prepares us for it.
I'm praying! My mom had lymphoma I'm 17 yrs old and my mom is 40 and she fought through it once I believe ur daughter will to she's strong and she's young god has her in his hands!
We ask our Father to touch your loved one, and place is healing upon her. Lifting your family in prayer.


text:
Hüman / / Member Since November 2007
My design "Controlled Chaos" is available for sale now if you are interested. Thanks for the vote!
yo thanks!!! :) and have fun with the thrilin bear!! :) merry christmas for you! :)
come check out my designs if you feel like it Any support would be greatly appreciated :)
Hi I was wondering if you could take a look at my new design "Red Bonzai Sea" your honest thoughts would be greatly appreciated. Looking to network with more artist this year. Thanks
Hey, just shamelessly promoting my fleetwood Mac entry, need to cus it got bumped down the pages with loads of submissions! Thanks for voting on my other entry! CHEERS – KRIS!


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 28, 2001
|Filing date
|Mar 26, 1999
|Priority date
|Mar 26, 1999
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Thomas A. Hough
|Original Assignee
|Vari-Lite, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (28), Referenced by (31), Classifications (24), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to lighting instruments, and especially to devices and apparatus for controlling the distribution of light energy in non-imaging illumination applications.
Four qualities of lighting as described by Stanley McCandless in his book "A Method of Lighting the Stage" are intensity, color, distribution, and movement. Whereas intensity and color may be said to refer to attributes of particular light beams, distribution refers to the arrangement of light sources about the stage and the directions in which they are aimed. Intensity, color, and distribution are primary qualities, whereas movement is emergent from changes in the primary qualities. Movement in this sense occurs as the condition of the other three qualities changes over time. A simple adjustment of intensity results in movement. No change in any of the other three qualities can occur without resulting in movement, and movement cannot occur without the passage of time from moment to moment.
The passage of time, over the years, has seen all three of the primary qualities of lighting become subject to motorized mechanization and computerized remote control so that in the case of distribution, movement (in a conventional sense) has become overtly mechanized. Moving lights, virtually unheard of twenty years ago, have revolutionized the art of lighting the stage, enabling dynamic lighting effects not possible before the advent of computer-controlled lighting systems having automatically variable qualities. After the novelty of overtly dynamic movement subsides, an appreciation of subtlety once again becomes possible so that we might consider the quality of distribution from the aspect of variable beam divergence or beam spread.
In stage lighting, it is often desirable to expand the light beam from a so-called wash luminaire to illuminate a broader area. A wash luminaire can produce such an effect using a light source and a concave reflector which are moveable with respect to a lens, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,428,800 or in U.S. Pat. No. 3,665,179. The divergence angle of the light beam varies depending upon the position of the source and reflector with respect to the lens. Popular variable-divergence luminaires, such as the Cadenza PC manufactured by Rank Strand of the United Kingdom and the 2KW Fresnel manufactured by Mole-Richardson of California and others, use such an optical system to control the divergence angle of the light beam projected by the luminaire. A positive, or convex, front lens illuminated by a lamp and retroreflector combination produces a substantially columnar light beam and projects a relatively small pool of light when the lamp is placed at the focus of the lens. As the lamp and reflector combination is moved in either direction away from the focus of the lens, the beam diverges from columnar to project a larger pool of light. Such a system is quite large and requires many inches of travel for the lamp and reflector combination along the optical axis of the lens. The carrier mechanism of these luminaires is typically manually adjustable and the large glass front lens, typically eight to ten inches in diameter, is thick and heavy even with the significant weight reduction gained by the Fresnel design used by Mole-Richardson.
Another common system for controlling the divergence angle of a light beam is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,602,321 and uses a lamp which is movable with respect to a parabolic reflector. When the lamp is placed at the focus of the reflector, a substantially columnar light beam emerges and projects a small pool of light. As the lamp is moved rearwardly along the optical axis of the reflector and away from the focus of the reflector, the beam diverges from columnar to form a larger pool of light. This system requires an adjustable carriage for the lamp socket and frequently requires provisions for minor (manual) adjustments along two additional axes orthogonal to the optical axis, so as to maintain proper alignment of the lamp on the optical axis, in addition to motorized adjustment along the optical axis for controlling beam divergence.
Many commonly used systems for controlling the divergence angle of a light beam use two or more lens elements is series and in combination with a fixedly mounted lamp and a fixedly mounted reflector. In these systems, one or more of the lens elements are movable with respect to the lamp and reflector to vary the divergence angle of a light beam formed thereby. Some common examples are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,076,240; 2,650,292; 2,950,382; 3,302,016; 3,594,556; 4,462,067; 4,519,020; 4,709,311; 4,739,456; 5,029,992; 5,404,283; among others. Some of these systems are used in image-projecting applications in which a hard-edged spot of light is projected onto a distant surface such as a stage floor or backdrop, and may also be used to project complex images formed by objects placed in a focal plane of the projection lens system, such as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,779,176.
Another, unique system for controlling the energy distribution of a light beam in a non-imaging application is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,774,273 and uses a variable-geometry liquid-filled lens having a deformable, transparent membrane supported by a transparent, multi-cellular structure forming an array of variable-power lenslets. An optically clear liquid is pumped into or out of the structure to deform the membrane into an array of convex or concave lenslets having adjustable optical power to control energy distribution. A motorized pump is used as the actuator, and the system may be operated by remote control. It is nevertheless desirable to have a solid-state apparatus, not relying upon liquid components, for controlling the energy distribution of a light beam in non-imaging applications, which apparatus can economically be made large in diameter and yet be light-weight and operable over a short distance along the optical axis of a luminaire.
The present invention provides a solid-state apparatus which is economically made, is scalable to large diameters yet operates over a short distance along the optical axis of a luminaire to control the distribution of light energy in non-imaging illumination applications.
In accordance with the present invention, an apparatus for controlling divergence of a beam of light comprises a first multiple-lens array including a plurality of plano-convex lenses arranged in a pattern and supported on a transparent substrate; a second multiple-lens array including a plurality of plano-concave lenses arranged in a pattern and supported on a transparent substrate, the first and second multiple-lens arrays being formed so that a curvature of convex lens surfaces of the first array matches a curvature of concave surfaces of the second array, and each convex lens surface of the first array corresponds to and is aligned with a matching concave lens surface of the second array; the first and second multiple-lens arrays being disposed serially and coaxially in a light beam path such that convex lens surfaces of the first array are generally adjacent and coaxially aligned with concave surfaces of the second array; and one of the multiple-lens arrays being movable coaxially with respect to the other multiple-lens array.
FIGS. 1 through 5 are plan views of an illumination optical system illustrating the operative concepts of the present invention;
FIGS. 6 through 10 are plan views of a lens system illustrating the performance of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing experimental results from a prototype lens system according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a front elevation of a lens array according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a cross-section of a lens array according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a lens system apparatus according to the present invention; and
FIGS. 15 and 16 are plan views of a luminaire optical system including a lens system apparatus according to the present invention, and illustrating the operative effects obtained thereby.
The operative concepts of an illumination optical system according to the present invention are described with reference to FIGS. 1-5. A first, plano-convex, lens 1 and a second, plano-concave, lens 2 are mounted coaxially with a lamp 3 and a reflector 4 forming a light beam 5 having an optical axis 6. The reflector is preferably parabolic and the lamp is preferably located at or near the focus FP1 of the parabola so that the resultant light beam is substantially collimated. Practically, however, the light beam will have a small angle of divergence of perhaps four or five degrees. The light beam is incident upon the planar surface 11 of the first lens and is refracted when passing through the convex surface thereof. The convex surface 12 of the first lens has a positive optical power and faces towards the concave surface 13 of the second lens, which has a negative optical power, and the two curved surfaces have matching shapes with equal but opposite optical powers. The shape of the curved surfaces may be spherical, but is preferably aspherical so as to minimize the size of a spot of light at the focus point FP2 of the first lens and to modify the distribution of light through the system, thereby avoiding a "hot spot" in the center of a projected spot of light. The light beam exits the system through the planar output surface 14 of the second lens.
In a "zero-power" state, as shown in FIG. 2, the second lens is positioned as closely as possible to the first lens so that the convex surface of the first lens nests within a volume defined by the concave surface of the second lens. In this zero-power state, the refracting effects of the convex and concave surfaces cancel each other so that the net effect is substantially zero refraction. When the distance between the curved surfaces of the first and second lenses is very small, each light ray passing through the lens system sees nearly the same surface normal after the gap between the lenses as before the gap, and the effect is like that of a light ray passing between two parallel, transparent plates; the net deflection of each light ray is negligible. When the two lenses are separated by a larger distance, as shown in FIG. 3, each light ray passing through the lens system sees a different surface normal after the gap, undergoing deflection by unequal amounts and of opposite signs, and is subject to further deflection at the planar output surface of the second lens for significant net deflection through the system. The amount of net deflection through the system depends, in part, upon the distance of separation between the two curved surfaces.
The first lens 1, having a positive optical power, tends to converge the light beam upon a focus point FP2, after which point the light beam will diverge. The second lens 2, having a negative optical power, tends to diverge a collimated light beam. When the apex 15 of the concave surface 13 of the second lens is positioned at the focus point FP2 of the first lens, as shown in FIG. 4, the natural divergence of the light beam after the focus point is amplified by the diverging effect of the second lens. Additional divergence is obtained at the planar output surface 14 of the second lens. When the apex 15 of the second lens is positioned beyond the focus point FP2 of the first lens, as shown in FIG. 5, the diverging part of the light beam is converged slightly through the body of the second lens, but diverges by a great amount as it passes through the planar output surface 14 of the second lens.
The behavior of the light beam passing through the lens system comprising the first, plano-convex, lens 1 and the second, plano-concave, lens 2, is governed by Snell's Law, in accordance with which a light ray passing from air to glass (from a less dense optical medium into a more dense optical medium) is refracted towards the surface normal while a light ray passing from glass to air (from a more dense medium to a less dense medium) is refracted away from the surface normal. The angle of divergence of the light beam is practically zero (assuming a collimated beam emerging from the reflector 4) when the first and second lenses are positioned as closely together as possible, and the angle of divergence increases as the separation between the lenses increases.
The results of computer simulation modelling the lens system according to the present invention are illustrated in FIGS. 6-10, in which only the planar input surface 11, the convex surface 12, the concave surface 13, the planar output surface 14, and representative rays of the light beam 5 are shown. In this simulation, the curved surfaces are aspheric and have a diameter of approximately 11 mm. In a zero-power state, as shown in FIG. 6, the convex surface 12 and the concave surface 13 are separated by 0.1 mm so that there is no appreciable effect on the angle of beam divergence. Separating the curved surfaces 12 and 13 by 5.25 mm, as shown in FIG. 7, causes appreciable refraction of the light rays such that the beam converges out somewhere along an optical axis of the system and diverges thereafter. In a practical illumination system having a significant throw length, such as in a stage lighting instrument for example, this results in a light beam of significantly enlarged diameter with respect to the zero-power state described above. Separating the curved surfaces 12, 13 even further (10.5 mm), so that the surface 13 lies at the focus point of the surface 12 as shown in FIG. 8, results in an even greater angle of beam divergence. The curved surfaces can be separated further still (15.75 mm), so that the surface 13 lies beyond the focus point of the surface 12 as shown in FIG. 9, which results in a still greater angle of beam divergence. The maximum separation of the curved surfaces (21.0 mm), as shown in FIG. 10, causes peripheral portions of the beam to pass through output surface 14 near the periphery thereof and yields the greatest possible angle of beam divergence for this particular lens system.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 12-14, includes a first multiple-lens array 20 of plano-convex lenslets and a second multiple-lens array 30 of plano-concave lenslets. According to the operative principles of the invention, each positive-power, plano-convex lenslet 22 corresponds to a matching, negative-power, plano-concave lenslet 33 such that the curved, optical-power surfaces of each of the two corresponding lenslets have the same shape. In a zero-power state, the two multiple-lens arrays are positioned as closely together as possible so that there is negligible angle of beam divergence as a light beam passes through the system. As the separation between the two arrays increases, the angle of beam divergence increases. The separation between the two arrays may increase so that the array of negative-power lenslets may lie beyond the focus points of the array of positive-power lenslets. The two multiple-lens arrays are held to be coaxial, and each pair of corresponding positive-power and negative-power lenslets are also held to be coaxial. The lenslets are made small in diameter compared to the diameter of a light beam passing through the array so as to reduce the mass and weight of the glass in the lens system and to reduce the length of travel—a single pair of lenses covering an eight-inch diameter beam would weigh approximately 32 pounds (14.5 kg) and travel about 16 inches (406 mm), whereas an array of small lenslets covering the same beam diameter weighs only about one pound (0.45 kg) and travels less than one inch (25.4 mm).
A practical system may be constructed such that each multiple-lens array comprises a plurality of perimetrically circular lenslets 22 (convex) or 33 (concave) in an hexagonal arrangement as shown in FIG. 12. The perimeters of the individual lenslets have circular shapes and the spaces between the lenslets in this arrangement comprise approximately 10 per cent of the area of the array, through which no significant refraction takes place. Consequently, the area between the perimetrically circular lenslets is preferably masked to avoid a "hot-spot" concentration of un-diverted light rays in the center of a light beam that is subject to a significant angle of beam divergence through the system. Alternatively, an hexagonal array of hexagonally-trimmed lenslets, or perimetrically hexagonal lenslets, avoids a 10 per cent loss of light intensity through the system by avoiding the use of a mask, but the resulting beam through such a system has an hexagonal profile and projects an hexagonal spot of light. As another alternative, the spaces between perimetrically circular lenslets could be covered with additional, secondary, curved optical surfaces with corresponding pairs of matching secondary curved optical surfaces on the two multiple-lens arrays.
The preferred embodiment is economically constructed as a first and second array of perimetrically circular lenslets that are molded, in an hexagonal arrangement, on surfaces of transparent plates and mounted in suitable carriers. An opaque mask is provided for one or both arrays to fill in the spaces between the circular lenslets. As shown in FIGS. 12-13, a mask 25-27 is printed on a flat surface 21 of a transparent plate by a silk-screening process using a suitable ink that can withstand high temperatures. Alternatively, the lenslets may be separately formed and affixed to a transparent substrate using an optically clear cement, and the opaque mask may be a perforated plate having holes corresponding to each of the individual lenslets. The same method of construction is used for the positive lens array and for the negative lens array.
As shown in FIG. 14, a first multiple-lens array 20 is supported within an inward-facing circumferential channel formed in a first mounting ring 40 having a plurality of flanges 42. The mounting ring may be secured to the interior of a luminaire housing by mechanical fasteners installed through mounting holes 44. A second multiple-lens array 30 is similarly supported by a second mounting ring 50, which may be identical to the first mounting ring. Linear actuators 51 are installed upon the flanges 52, secured by mechanical fasteners 53 installed through mounting holes 44 and secured with fasteners 57, with the actuator drive shaft 55 passing through a central hole 56. One end of each actuator drive shaft also passes through central holes 46 formed in the flanges 42 of the first mounting ring 40 and is secured thereto by mechanical fasteners 58. Thus is formed an electrically-operable, motorized mechanism for varying the separation between the two multiple-lens arrays 20 and 30.
The linear actuators are preferably stepper motors such as the Z20841 series motors made by Haydon Switch and Instrument, Inc. of Waterbury, Conn., which are arranged to drive a threaded drive shaft 55 through the body of the motor in response to electrical drive signals. The apparatus may be assembled with the two mounting rings in contact with each other such that the two multiple-lens arrays are properly aligned and at minimal separation for the zero-power state, and the drive shafts can then be secured to the flanges of the first mounting ring. Thereafter, the motors may be wired in series and operated by a suitable controller so that the extension of the various drive shafts remains identical through the range of operation and the multiple-lens arrays are maintained parallel to each other. Limit switches or physical stops may be employed to constrain the operation of the apparatus to within a usable range such as hereinbefore described. The apparatus is preferably remotely controlled via an electronic control system in communication with a supervisory control console such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,980,806.
Other types of actuators can also be used, such as electric servo motors, pneumatic or hydraulic actuators, or even manually-operated actuators so long as the separation between the two multiple-lens arrays is controlled within a usable range and the multiple-lens arrays are maintained parallel to each other. The control system might also be capable of operation independently of a supervisory control console or even be free-running, if so desired, to oscillate between two extents of travel. Ideally, however, the apparatus forms part of an automated, multiple-parameter lighting instrument providing remotely-controlled azimuth and elevation adjustment and/or remotely-controlled adjustment of light beam color such as shown, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,367,444.
Experimental results obtained from a prototype lens system according to the preferred embodiment are shown in FIG. 11. Four curves superimposed over each other onto a graph relating light intensity in foot-candles (on a logarithmic scale) to beam radius in inches illustrate the distribution of light energy (irradiance) 20 feet (six meters) from the light source. A first curve represents irradiance with the two lens arrays at zero separation, and shows peak light intensity of over 1000 foot-candles in the center of the beam and intensity of about 20 foot-candles at about 25 inches (635 mm) from the center. A second curve represents irradiance with the two lens arrays separated by 0.3 inches (7.6 mm), and shows peak intensity of about 300 foot-candles in the center of the beam and intensity of 20 foot-candles at about 38 inches (965 mm) from the center. A third curve represents irradiance with the two lens arrays separated by 0.6 inches (15 mm), and shows peak intensity of about 150 foot-candles in the center of the beam and intensity of 20 foot-candles at about 60 inches (1524 mm) from the center. A fourth curve represents irradiance with the two lens arrays separated by 0.9 inches (23 mm), and shows peak intensity of about 50 foot-candles in the center of the beam and intensity of 20 foot-candles at about 50 inches (1270 mm) from the center, with slightly more energy content in the fringes of the beam between 75 and 100 inches (762 to 1016 mm) from the center than does the third curve.
The curves of FIG. 11 show that the beam spreader of the preferred embodiment, comprising a first multiple-lens array of piano-convex lenslets and a second multiple-lens array of plano-concave lenslets, effectively controls the distribution of light energy in a light beam. By moving the second multiple-lens array less than one inch (25.4 mm) with respect to the first multiple-lens array, a light beam projected therethrough onto a surface 20 feet (six meters) away can be spread from a highly concentrated beam having most of the light energy confined within a radius of about 25 inches (254 mm) from the center to a very broad beam having light energy distributed throughout a radius of 75 to 100 inches (762 to 1016 mm) from the center.
An optical system for a wash luminaire, used in non-imaging illumination applications, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, includes a lamp 61 optically coupled to a parabolic reflector 62 forming a substantially columnar light beam. A series of color filters provided downstream of the lamp and reflector may include a set of cyan filters 63, a set of yellow filters 64, and a set of magenta filters 65, further including a set of dimmer vanes 66, in radial arrangement as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,073,847 or 5,186,536. A zoomable beam spreader comprising first and second multiple-lens arrays 20, 30 is provided downstream of the color filters and dimmer vanes. An output lens 67 covers the exit aperture of the luminaire, the housing of which is not shown but may comprise a ventilated structure of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,367,444.
The system as shown in FIG. 15 illustrates the performance of the beam spreader of the present invention in the zero-power state as multiple-lens arrays 20, 30 are positioned as closely together as possible to project a light beam 68 with only a small angle of beam divergence. The system as shown in FIG. 16 illustrates the performance of the beam spreader of the present invention as the multiple-lens arrays 20, 30 are separated by some distance along the optical axis of the system so as to increase the angle of beam divergence.
The output lens 67 as shown is a well-known type of lenticular lens which shapes the beam to project a non-circular pool of light, but could just as easily be a water-clear lens imparting no appreciable beam divergence or a lightly-stippled lens imparting a small amount of diffusion to the exiting light beam 68. Interchangeable lenses of these types are widely used in the VL5™ luminaire made by Vari-Lite, Inc. of Dallas, Tex. Several different types of lenticular lens are used individually with the VL5 luminaire depending upon the desired beam shape, and the zoomable beamspreader of the present invention can be used in combination with such a lens to spread the beam in whatever shape is imparted by the lenticular exit lens.
|Cited Patent
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|Jun 17, 2013
|Feb 21, 2017
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|Dec 9, 2003
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|Yoshiharu Tenmyo
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|Mar 11, 2008
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|Mar 3, 2006
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|Apr 16, 2010
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|Abdelsamed Yaser S
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|Oct 27, 2010
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|Jun 17, 2013
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|Sep 14, 2010
|Apr 27, 2011
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|Jun 18, 2013
|Feb 12, 2014
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|Jun 18, 2013
|Dec 28, 2016
|Jan 24, 2017
|May 17, 2017
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|Oct 14, 2006
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|Verbesserungen in oder in Bezug auf Leuchtanordnungen
|Jun 13, 2008
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|Sebastian Heise
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|U.S. Classification
|359/618, 359/626, 362/297, 359/622, 359/623
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 26, 1999
Owner name: VARI-LITE, INC., TEXAS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HOUGH, THOMAS A.;REEL/FRAME:009863/0722
Effective date: 19990324
|Nov 27, 2001
Owner name: FIRSTAR BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCATION, OHIO
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VARI-LITE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:012273/0911
Effective date: 20001229
|Dec 2, 2002
Owner name: VARI-LITE, INC., TEXAS
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, F/K/A FIRSTAR BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION;REEL/FRAME:013484/0966
Effective date: 20021118
|Jul 8, 2003
|Reissue application filed
Effective date: 20030425
|Feb 28, 2005
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Feb 6, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


text:
H.R.3469 - SERV Act113th Congress (2013-2014)
Subject Terms Assigned to H.R.3469 — 113th Congress (2013-2014)
Links from terms open lists of other bills and resolutions to which the term has been assigned. Find Bills by Legislative Subject and Policy Area provides research guidance. View all Legislative Subject Terms for this Congress.
Policy Area
One Policy Area term, which best describes an entire measure, is assigned to every public bill or resolution.
Legislative Subjects
- Elementary and secondary education
- Government employee pay, benefits, personnel management
- Military education and training
- Public contracts and procurement
- Small business
- Veterans' education, employment, rehabilitation
- Veterans' loans, housing, homeless programs
- Veterans' medical care
- Veterans' pensions and compensation


text:
A Kent conveyancing specialist has met with 10 local firms in a bid to create a regional company capable of winning the price war.
Brian Marson, of Marsons, wants to take advantage of computer technology and economies of scale to set up a powerful company with a string of franchised offices offering conveyancing alongside other high street services.
The idea is in contrast to a campaign by Bournemouth solicitor John Edge to persuade the Law Society to enforce guideline conveyancing fees in order to combat fee undercutting.
In a letter to 15 Medway firms this summer Marson said the market could not sustain the current number of law firms in the region.
"The only answer to the many problems we face as a profession is to reduce the number of firms in competition with each other," he wrote.
Marson, whose firm employs 75 staff, held a meeting with 10 firms who responded to the letter and plans to hold more.
He said: "I don't see how it cannot work, provided the traditional lawyer is prepared to give up the idea that his organisation has got to be called something that incorporates their surname."


text:
The "New Economy" And Efficiency In Food Market System: A Complement Or A Battleground Between Economic Classes?
Rapid developments in E-commerce can bring efficiency in the food market system by cutting transaction costs. However, it can also bring a battleground between developed and developing countries and also within developed countries because the New Economy emphasizes knowledge-based labor practices and low-skilled workers of trading nations compete for a shrinking need for their services. An Input-Output model is used to examine the effects on high-skilled and low-skilled worker demand, particularly in food and agriculture. The food and agricultural industries are significant employers of low-skilled labor. Food and agricultural trade has reduced low-skilled labor demand in the United States.
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| Web page: http://www.iaae-agecon.org/
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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Feenstra, R.C. & Hanson, G.H., 1995.
"Foreign Investment, Outsourcing and Relative Wages,"
95-14, California Davis - Institute of Governmental Affairs.
- Feenstra, R.C. & Hanson, G.H., 1995. "Foreign Investment, Outsourcing and Relative Wages," Department of Economics 95-14, California Davis - Department of Economics.
- Robert C. Feenstra & Gordon H. Hanson, 1995. "Foreign Investment, Outsourcing and Relative Wages," NBER Working Papers 5121, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Elhanan Helpman, 1999. "The Structure of Foreign Trade," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 13(2), pages 121-144, Spring.
- Helpman, E., 1998. "The Structure of Foreign Trade," Papers 18-98, Tel Aviv.
- Helpman, Elhanan, 1998. "The Structure of Foreign Trade," CEPR Discussion Papers 2020, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Elhanan Helpman, 1998. "The Structure of Foreign Trade," Harvard Institute of Economic Research Working Papers 1848, Harvard - Institute of Economic Research.
- Elhanan Helpman, 1998. "The Structure of Foreign Trade," NBER Working Papers 6752, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Harrigan, James, 1997. "Technology, Factor Supplies, and International Specialization: Estimating the Neoclassical Model," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 87(4), pages 475-494, September.
- James Harrigan, 1996. "Technology, factor supplies, and international specialization: estimating the neoclassical model," Staff Reports 15, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
- James Harrigan, 1996. "Technology, Factor Supplies and International Specialization: Estimating the Neoclassical Model," NBER Working Papers 5722, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Krugman, Paul R., 2000. "Technology, trade and factor prices," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 51-71, February.
- Paul Krugman, 1995. "Technology, Trade, and Factor Prices," NBER Working Papers 5355, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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text:
Finally, an appetizer that lets you stuff your face without the guilt! These sticky chipotle cauliflower wings are the healthy, low-fat way to cure your junk food cravings!
Game Day Vegan Chipotle Sliders
Game Day Vegan Chipotle Sliders are a fun and spicy finger food for your Superbowl party that are good for you and pack a tasty kick!


text:
A report by PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) published on 21 November revealed that, despite aggressive budget-setting and record performances by law firms in 2005-06, fee-earners missed their average chargeable hours targets.
Unlike The Lawyer UK 100 Annual Report, PwC's survey of the UK's top 100 law firms is undertaken on a no-names basis. However, some of its findings will give law firm finance directors cause to worry.
Utilisation levels are being squeezed, with chargeable hours below budget for many of the firms in the survey. This has affected the profitability of a number of practice areas, notably banking, construction and IP.
Among the top 25 firms the average number of chargeable hours fell by 3 per cent from the previous year. The report suggests that this may be due to high levels of staff turnover in the top 25, and in particular the top 10, firms.
The issue over chargeable hours appears to be concentrated at the upper end of the market. An analysis of the top 100 as a whole shows that the average number of chargeable hours has increased slightly.
The report warns: "With 95 per cent of the top 25 firms intending to increase their fee-earner numbers in the current year, management teams should ensure they have fully factored in any potential change in the economic cycle into their strategic planning.
"This is a worrying trend for firms and is inconsistent with an objective of sustainably increasing profits in the future.
"Managing partners may, therefore, be faced with an unpopular decision: driving more chargeable hours from staff, reducing staff numbers or reducing profits available to partners."
However, actual fee levels per partner were reflective of strong revenue performance, particularly taking into account the fact that partner numbers remained mostly static.
According to the survey, 62 per cent of the top 25 firms posted an average revenue per partner of more than £1.5m, compared with 50 per cent of firms the previous year.


text:
Summer Home of Bulgari Family to be a new luxury hotel
- Published by Ozgur Tore
Built at the end of the 19th century, Villa Godilonda was bought by the American Carter family in 1924, and after the war became the summer residence of the Bulgari family.
Villa Godilonda is located in Castiglioncello on the Tuscan coast, Italy.
In the 1980s the property was transformed into a hotel, where famous Italian stars including Marcello Mastroianni, Vittorio Gassman and Walter Chiari were guests.
The property was purchased by an unidentified Eastern European businessman for US$7.5 million (€6 million), Lionard Luxury Real Estate, which negotiated the sale, confirmed.
Renovation work will begin shortly, with plans to restore the villa to its former glory and create a luxury hotel.
Built on the point of a headland in Castiglioncello, the villa enjoys spectacular views of the sea and its own private beach.
The 1,700 square-meter main villa has eight bedrooms, a winter garden, a spa and 11,000 square-meters of parkland.
Gabriele D'Annunzio, one of Italy's most important writers, gave it the name Godilonda, from 'godi l'onda' or 'enjoy the waves', after having spent a romantic and passionate night here at the beginning of the twentieth century.


text:
Bawley Bush Cottages
Lakeside holiday cabins located at Bawley Point approximately half way between Batemans Bay and Ulladulla on the NSW South Coast. Bawley Bush Cottages is a high quality eco-retreat set on 36 acres just 3km from the beach. We have a function room/celebration space where up to 80 people can be accommodated for a sit-down meal, […]
Best value accommodation: Dolphins Motel at Mollymook Beach
Provides spacious motel rooms and modern self-contained apartments at beautiful Mollymook Beach. Phone: 02 4455 3022
BIG4 Bungalow Park Burrill Lake
We provide a large selection of spacious 3 Bedroom Spa Villas, 2 Bedroom Treetop Spa lodges, 2 Bedroom Bungalows, 1 Bedroom Cottages all fully self-contained and all linen included. Powered Caravan and Camp Sites and Unpowered Camp Sites set on 26 acres of groomed lawns, gardens and native flora with direct access to and views of beautiful Burrill Lake. Reservations can be made by calling: FREECALL: 1800 552 944
Breakers Apartments Mollymook
Quality townhouse style apartments on Mollymook Beach, all rooms have beach & ocean views.
Casuarina Holiday Cottages Bawley Point
Holiday rental set on 25 acres and close to the unspoilt beaches of Bawley Point. Completely self contained with modern day features. Pet friendly.


text: I was curious how to read the available memory in the process manager screen. I don't know what the x+x in x also x in x means. I don't want to install an app that eats up memory to see how much memory is being used. I'm not trying to control how it uses memory but, I do like to see how much memory there is available after I install and run new apps and/or widgets so I can try and only use lighter apps when possible.


text: life is still conspiring to keep us OUT of our Motorhome. So far we have spent a total of 0 ( that's zero) nights in her. And have only been away for a day to the seaside. Feeling thwarted at every turn. First I get cancer, have major surgery so I can't lift Steves wheelchair for three months. Get the all clear and start getting excited then my step father in law dies leaving a frail, unsteady, almost blind Mother in law behind. We are her nearest relatives and she needs us desperately to reassure her and care for her until a room in the care home becomes available. We've booked to go to Poland in her in July. Can see that being our first trip. On the plus side the Motorhome is getting lots of much needed TLC......as is Mum in Law!


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Stunning hostel! Based in a castle, superb setting. Was there for a meeting. Staff are wonderful, food was amazing and the meeting facilities are excellent. The hostel rooms themselves are comfortable and the bathrooms are good sized. Only 10 minutes walk into Toledo to soak...More
NH Collection Palacio de Aranjuez


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Grab yourself a cold one and one of our hand shaped, made in the USA wakesurfers #wakesurf #notwakeboarding #bluemonday


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At Gemvara, we believe that the jewelry you wear should be one of a kind, like you. That's why we make each piece to order, one at a time, just the way you want it. Choose Rock Crystal and Palladium or Black Diamond and Sterling Silver: it's your choice. Mix and match gems and precious metals for a look that's exactly you. Gemvara uses only the highest quality materials to craft your Graduation Gift Ideas: White Gold Black Onyx Jewelry design with meticulous attention to detail. Our precious metals are recycled or responsibly mined. First popular in Victorian mourning jewelry, black onyx also is featured in graphic black and white Art Deco jewels. Common black onyx is cut in cabochons or flat slabs. Gemvara's black onyx is faceted and polished for a surface that resembles more expensive gems like black diamond and black spinel.The appeal of 14 karat white gold is as versatile as it is beautiful: it shines no matter the occasion. Gemvara also offers every design in premium 18k white gold, which is 75 percent pure for even more lasting value. All Gemvara white gold jewelry is rhodium plated for extra brightness.Our wide selection of Graduation Gift Ideas: White Gold Black Onyx Jewelry by talented designers means you can find jewelry that's exactly your style. You can also shop by style, choosing our Celtic, Flowers, or Religious Collections. Gemvara's fine quality Graduation Gift Ideas: White Gold Black Onyx Jewelry is designed to be passed down for generations to come, crafted by hand in the United States.
We can help right away. Chat with a jewelry expert now!


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LAW Writer® Ohio Laws and Rules
When the census of a city desiring to surrender its corporate rights as such city and be reduced to a village is taken pursuant to the order of the board of county commissioners under section 703.14 of the Revised Code, the necessary expenses thereof shall be paid from the county treasury as other county expenses, but shall be charged against the municipal corporation in which the census was taken, and the amount so paid by the county shall be retained by the county auditor from funds due such municipal corporation at the time of making the next semiannual distribution of taxes.
Cite as R.C. § 703.19
Effective Date: 10-01-1953 .


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When tuning the saxophone section I recommend that all play B because this allows us to hear each instrument on a note that is in the same position acoustically.
B may seem a trifle flat, which is OK. If B is sharp the mouthpiece needs to be pulled out slightly. Then, play F# to confirm the mouthpiece position. In tuning the saxophone section, after the alto has tuned, the tenor should also play B. This will produce an interval of a perfect fourth which, if not in tune, is very easy to hear. After the tenor has tuned with the alto using this perfect fourth, the baritone should now play B with the tenor. This will produce a perfect fifth, also very easy to determine tuning.
Then, when tuning the section further, note the five examples below. These chords are in concert keys, followed by the steps for tuning. In tuning chords it is important to begin with unisons and octaves, then fourths and fifths, as these comprise the foundation for good intonation, and they are the easiest to hear. Given are only five examples, but the creative teacher could create many more.
For select video instruction from Dr. Rousseau, please visit the Discussions page.
For a list of publications, books, DVDs, solo and ensemble music and more for saxophonists at all levels, please visit the Publications page.


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Streamlined Design The Note 5 you love is now even better. The Note 5's stunning metal frame encases sophisticated glass to create a slim largescreen device that's elegantly shaped to be more comfortable in your hand. It's big on screen size and big on style.
The S Pen Gets an A for Productivity The built-in, more advanced S Pen helps you do more things, more precisely. Click the top of the S Pen and it easily releases, so you can jot down a quick note or phone number, or edit and mark up a PDF file.
ON COMMAND. The improved Air Command is activated immediately when S Pen is out. It's there on the screen waiting for you to take action.
PENMANSHIP While S Pen helps you get so much done, it's pretty good at the basics as well. True-to-life pressure sensitivity and a very accurate pen tip puts you in control of your writing and drawing.
WHATEVER YOU NEED. Long pages that require scrolling can be captured as one image with S Pen. Just fire up Screen Write to capture and write notes on it before sending or saving it.
TAKE NOTES WHENEVER When ideas come flowing, you want to put pen to paper right away. Simply taking out S Pen lets you do just that even when the screen is off.
Stay Charged Imagine having the freedom to recharge wirelessly. The Note 5's built-in technology allows you to do just that.†
† Wireless charging pad sold separately.
CHARGE AHEAD There's so much you can do on Galaxy Note5, it's vital to stay charged. That's why wired charging is even faster giving you more power to surf, scribble and explore the world.
MORE POWER. From home to the office to the great outdoors, Galaxy Note5 comes with more ways to charge. Because there's power in choice.
LIVE LARGE. A spacious 5.7" Quad HD Super AMOLED (518 ppi) screen with room to accommodate the busiest of lifestyles. Check news updates while taking notes with your S Pen, all on the same screen.
CLOSE YOUR EYES It's easy to lose yourself in music when the sound is this good. Whether it's the latest hits or oldies, everything sounds better via UHQ Audio compatible Bluetooth audio devices.
STREAM YOUR WORLD. Sharing your own experiences with others in real time is as easy as turning on your camera. Use Live Broadcast to live the moment together.
Live Broadcast streamed on YouTube.
STEADY VIEW. The camera's equipped with Video Digital Imaging Stabilization in addition to Optical Image Stabilization technology. Smooth and clear footage is a given.
On-screen image taken with Galaxy Note5.
clip mode
FOUR SIDES. There's always more than one side to a story and now you can bring them together with Collage and create one memorable video.
clip mode
CREATE FILMS. Use Series to create a moving documentary of the best times of your life. All you need to do is shoot and piece the clips together.
clip mode
TAKE THINGS SLOW. At times, it's worthwhile to slow your pace. Slow Motion lets you capture parts of the world around you that you would've otherwise missed.
EVERY PHOTO COUNTS. The camera gives you photos that are crisp and clear, even when the sun is setting. So go ahead and take that shot.
MEMORIES IN SELFIES Selfies aren't just about looking good, they're also about capturing time spent together. The camera's Advanced Selfie technology and range of effective filters ensure that the photos come out great as well.
On-screen image taken with Galaxy Note5.
MEMORIES IN SELFIES Selfies aren't just about looking good, they're also about capturing time spent together. The camera's Advanced Selfie technology and range of effective filters ensure that the photos come out great as well.
On-screen image taken with Galaxy Note5.


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About This Product
- Sold by
Style: Address Labels
Our Signature Address Labels are perfect for mailing, labeling and gift tagging. Add your photos, images and text to add personal touch to your outgoing sendables. Our address labels are printed in full colour and are comparable to Avery® 6871 labels.
- Dimensions: 22 cm x 28 cm (8.5" x 11") per sheet (18 labels per sheet).
- Each label measures 3.2 cm x 6 cm (1.25" x 2.375").
- Easily writeable.
- Matte finish.
- Designer Tip: To ensure the highest quality print, please note that this product's customisable design area measures 3.2 cm x 6 cm (1.25" x 2.375"). For best results please add 0.16 cm (1/16") bleed.
Will be made by
Zazzle Paper
Reno, NV
About This Design
Mod Style Reading Library Of Bookplate Gift Label
Funky looking reading stickers are perfect as bookplates for your special books or give a few sets to a friend for their library. Use the design tool to add a name for a personalised gift or write your name by hand.
Artwork designed by
Book Lover Gifts And T-shirts
Shrewsbury, PA
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I can't say the beds were super comfortable but I can tell you the staff was very accommodating and helpful. I was stranded there with my mother (Keoke1946) and we had no problems extending our visit and changing our rooms. The location was great, restaurants all around, next to the airport and the racetrack. I would definitely recommend this hotel.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- The newly renovated Courtyard Daytona Beach hotel near Daytona International Speedway features spacious guest rooms, designed with comfort and convenience. Enjoy our Daytona hotel accommodations with sitting areas, work space with ergonomic chair and complimentary high speed internet service. Our hotel in Daytona Beach features a new state-of-the-art lobby offering flexible spaces, free Wi-Fi throughout and easy access to news, weather and airport via our GoBoard(r). The highlight of our new lobby experience is The Bistro- Eat. Drink. Connect. Enjoy enhanced food and beverage offerings for breakfast and dinner, all new dining options, or grab a quick bite at the market, open 24 Hours. Stay fit while traveling at our on-site fitness center or relax in our outdoor pool and whirlpool. Our Daytona hotel offers over 1,700 square feet of flexible meeting space to host your next meeting or event. Start planning your stay today at our hotel in Daytona Beach and allow us to help you make the most of every travel experience. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Marriott, Booking.com, Priceline, Hotels.com, Expedia, Travelocity, Hotwire, Orbitz, Cancelon and HotelQuickly so you can book your Courtyard Daytona Beach Speedway/Airport reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Courtyard By Marriott Daytona Beach Hotel Daytona Beach
- Courtyard Daytona Beach
- Daytona Beach Marriott
- Daytona Beach Courtyard


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Posted by ESPN.com's James Walker
Although the 2009 season could have major ramifications on the debate for team of the decade, the AFC North should have a sense of pride to be the only division in football to have a pair of top-5 franchises.
According to NFC West blogger Mike Sando's mathematical formula, the Pittsburgh Steelers (No. 3) and Baltimore Ravens (No. 5) were elite NFL franchises in the past decade. The grade included factors such as regular-season wins, playoff appearances and victories and losses in the Super Bowl since 2000.
Although a spirited case could be made that Pittsburgh should be the No. 2 franchise ahead of the Indianapolis Colts, Indianapolis did have more success than the Steelers in the regular season. Pittsburgh had more success than the Colts in the playoffs, including two Super Bowls wins compared to Indianapolis' one. But it wasn't enough to put the Steelers on top in this particular formula.
Pittsburgh, the defending Super Bowl champion, is trying to be the first team to repeat since the 2003-04 New England Patriots, who are the top-rated franchise in this decade with three Super Bowl wins.
But if the Steelers find a way to tie New England's mark, trying to pinpoint the best team of the past 10 years will be very difficult.


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MOVIE SYNOPSIS [ General Audiences ] With producers of USA, this movie of 2013 has been brilliantly directed by Tamar Halpern and Chris Quilty. You can watch Llyn Foulkes One Man Band online on TV cable or theaters with original audio in English at different dates. This film premiered in theaters in 2013.
Rating: 5 by 31 users./
Runtime: 88 minutes
Johnny Carson, Llyn Foulkes, George Herms and Paul Schimmel.
Documental, Biographic.
88-minute film (full movie) directed by Tamar Halpern and Chris Quilty.
The original audio of Llyn Foulkes One Man Band has dialogues in Dolby Digital, it was produced in USA.
It premiered in cinemas or television in 2013.
Chris Quilty.
Gray Ainsworth, Chris Quilty, Tamar Halpern and John Mark Arnold.
Without commercial breaks, the full movie Llyn Foulkes One Man Band has a duration of 88 minutes; the official trailer can be watched in streaming on the Internet. You can watch this full movie free in EnglishDolby Digital in movie TV channels, renting the DVD or with VoD services (Video On Demand player, Hulu) and PPV (Pay Per View, Netflix).
See the page of this full movie, Llyn Foulkes One Man Band in FULLTV Movies.


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This winsome, stage-trained Scotsman rose to prominence after roles in two movies directed by Danny Boyle: the 1994 comic thriller Shallow Grave and the 1996 heroin-addiction tale Trainspotting. In both films, McGregor captivated with his portrayals of two very flawed yet undeniably charming characters. His career flourished after he won widespread attention as the young Obi-Wan Kenobi in the much-ballyhooed reboot of the Star Wars trilogy. The blockbuster franchise continued to keep him busy between 1999 and 2005. As his fame quickly grew, he found time to appear in a number of more offbeat projects. He portrayed legendary Irish author James Joyce in Nora (2000), flexed his vocal chords opposite Nicole Kidman in Moulin Rouge (2001), spun seductive Southern tales in Big Fish (2003), and explored adultery in Young Adam (2003). In 2007, he embarked on a motorcycle trip through Ethiopia, Uganda and Malawi for a documentary called Long Way Down. His travels helped raise awareness of the humanitarian efforts of UNICEF. After his charitable journey ended, he returned to his stage roots, impressing London theatergoers in West End's revival of Guys and Dolls and a Donmar Warehouse's production of Othello. Soon back to work on the silver screen, he resumed choosing films that fell across a wide range of genres. Off-screen, the heartthrob eschews the typical Hollywood party lifestyle and leads a private life with his wife, production designer Eve Mavrakis, and their children.
Fast Facts
- Jude Law was a former roommate.
- One of the cofounders of the independent production company Natural Nylon (along with Law, Sadie Frost, Jonny Lee Miller and others).
- Presented with an honorary doctorate in 2001 from the University of Ulster at a graduation ceremony in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
- Believed that the set of 2001' s Black Hawk Down was too violent and refused to allow his children or wife to visit him while shooting.
- Completed a 2004 trip from London to New York on a motorcycle in 115 days, traveling through Europe, Mongolia, Russia, Alaska and Canada. Actor Charley Boorman accompanied him.
- In 2009, he romanced Jim Carrey in the film I Love You Phillip Morris, donned religious attire for the thriller Angels & Demons, and portrayed Gene Vidal in Amelia.
- Named an Officer of the British Empire (OBE) in the Queen's New Year Honours list in 2013.
- 2001, Australian Film Institute Awards — Best Lead Actor: Nominee
- 2013, Golden Globe — Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Comedy or Musical: Nominee
- 2013, Screen Actors Guild Awards — Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture: Nominee
- 2002, Golden Globe — Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy: Nominee
- 1997, Emmy — Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series: Nominee
- 2001, Screen Actors Guild Awards — Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture: Nominee
- 2013, Goya Awards — Best Supporting Actor: Nominee
- 1998, Screen Actors Guild Awards — Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture: Nominee
- Eve Mavrakis — Wife
- Anouk McGregor — Daughter
- Colin McGregor — Brother
- Esther Rose McGregor — Daughter
- James McGregor — Father
- Carol McGregor — Mother
- Denis Lawson — Uncle
- Clara Mathilde McGregor — Daughter
- Jamyan McGregor — Daughter
- Attended Kirkcaldy College of Technology, Kirkcaldy, Scotland; attended Guildhall School of Music & Drama, London, England
- Birth Name: Ewan Gordon McGregor
- Birth Place: Crieff, Scotland
- Profession: Actor
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Custom Embroidery
Re-create your logo in stitches to promote your business or team or create a customized gift for anyone on your list. We offer custom digitizing of your logo as well as a library of stock designs. We also offer in-house appliqué of materials including tackle-twill, felt, denim and more. Our reverse appliqué technique offers a unique look to your design. Custom embroidery is available on a variety of apparel items including shirts, jackets and caps as well as accessories such as bags and blankets.


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Sliding Glass Handle
A home owner from Statesville, NC says:
July 15, 2015
I am trying to find a sliding glass door set. I am attaching some pictures of what was taken off. The inside handle was broke off. the distance between the bottom whole and top whole on the door itself is 3 15/16. The two holes in the middle of the door itself are key slots the one on the bottom(second from bottom) is to lock from outside and the on the top (second from top) is to lock from the inside. I am attaching also photo of the manufacturer of home. Please help me try to find this door handle set.
Dave Sr. from SWISCO responded:
July 17, 2015
A quick learner says:
July 18, 2015
In the photo you will see four slots. Bottom and top are for screws. The second slot from bottom is clylinder from the outside. The second slot from the top is for the inside latch to lock. The photo for 82-069 is showing one single latch in the center for the interior. I thinking it needs to be off center. What do you think?
Dave Sr. from SWISCO responded:
July 22, 2015
I see what you mean. The top and bottom holes are for the mounting screws. However, you only need to use one of the other holes for the thumb lever. Looking at you photo of the mortise lever, I believe you need to use the lower of the two middle holes. Mortise locks only use one thumb lever.


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Planning a party in Stanford and need a DJ? Searching for the perfect party Disc Jockey in Stanford, KY?
Get a FREE PRICE QUOTE from qualified DJs serving the Stanford area!
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Other Areas Near Stanford to Find Party DJs:
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Crab Orchard,
Kings Mountain,
Mc Kinney,


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|It's just light, get over it
But there's a lot more to it than that: obsessions, stimming, ropey motor skills, love of routine and order, executive dysfunction, hyperfocus, and sensory disregulation. Some of us will have all of these, some only a few, but most of us have some of them.
But they're often treated like a side salad to the social skills steak: most interventions and therapy seem to concentrate on social skills, and our success, failure and "functioning" is determined largely by how well we perform socially.
I have a theory that the reason the social skills are seen as the biggest, most important part of the condition is because they're what affects other people. If we don't make eye contact or we blurt out something inadvertently hurtful, that affects the people around us. If we're annoyed by the tag in the back of our shirt or the smell of tomato makes us gag, the only person who has to live through that is us. (Right up to the point where it gets too much, and we completely lose our shit for reasons that make no sense to anyone around us.)
If you have to live through those sensory shenanigans, they're a really big deal. If there was one thing I could 'cure' about the way I am, it'd be the sensory stuff.
Because if that stuff was under control, and I didn't have to take it into account while I'm working and eating and shopping and dressing and doing every other thing ever, I'd be way better at the social stuff. It's really hard to be sociable when you're distracted, uncomfortable, in pain, or literally can't hear the conversation you're trying to have over all the other stuff your brain can't filter out.
This video by Aspergers Experts (a website run by two young chaps on the spectrum) agrees. It goes for nearly a quarter of an hour, but is worth a watch. They liken the various levels of stuff we have to deal with to a bunch of stuff in a funnel, with sensory stuff at the bottom, then self-awareness, then focus, and so on up to social skills at the top. You can start by chipping away at the social skills, or you can unclog the bottom of the funnel by sorting out the sensory issues, which gives a lot of other stuff a chance to fall into place.
The video touts exposure to sensory irritants - specific smells, for instance - as a means of building up resistance to them. This has never worked for me. Deliberately exposing me to a troublesome sound (sound's my biggest problem) is just going to create an angry, snappy Aspie who's still going to have just as much trouble with that sound the next time it happens.
But if you can find a technique that works for you - whether that's exposure, earplugs, headphones playing white noise, or avoiding the source altogether - I believe it can make you a much happier, more comfortable person. And a more sociable one, too.


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Doc on Error 2732 – Directory M… Doc on Error 2732 – Directory M…
Tag Archives: MSI
Error 2732 – Directory Manager not initialized
I was working with InstallShield 2011. It was a Basic MSI project. One of the features is to automatically show a checkbox in the final dialog of the installation to view the MSI logs, if MSI logging is enabled. This feature … Continue reading
Posted in Installer Tagged InstallShield, MSI 2 Comments


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401 91 666 (Sat-Thu : 7AM to 5PM) 600 54 00 48 (Sat-Thu : 8AM to 6PM) 22052622 (Sat-Thu : 9AM to 7PM) 22034034 (Sat-Thu : 8AM to 6PM) (00973) 17558320 (Sat-Thu : 9AM to 7PM) 920022330 (Sat-Thu : 8AM to 6PM)
PES 2015 is centered on the mantra 'the pitch is ours', reflecting the on-field focus of the new game. Boasting new levels of visual acuity and in-game advances that include new shooting, passing and player AI, PES 2015 offers a crisper, more responsive experience and themost accurate offering of a top-flight match to date. The FOX Engine also enhances the graphical elements, from the players' likenesses and movement, to the natural look of the on-field action, crowds and stadiums, truly bringing the game to vivid next gen life.PES 2015 has won so many awards this year, including the coveted, 'Best Sports Game' at this year's gamescom-Europe's largest consumer event.
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Who is the richest person in the world, ever? Does where you were born affect how much money youll earn over a lifetime? How would we know? Why, beyond the idle curiosity, do these questions even matter? In The Haves and the Have-Nots, Branko Milanovic, one of the worlds leading experts on wealth, poverty, and the gap that separates them, explains these and other mysteries of how wealth is unevenly spread throughout our world, now and through time. Milanovic uses history, literature and stories straight out of todays newspapers, to discuss one of the major divisions in our social lives: between the haves and the have-nots.
He reveals just how rich Elizabeth Bennet's suitor Mr. Darcy really was; how much Anna Karenina gained by falling in love; how wealthy ancient Romans compare to todays super-rich; where in Kenyan income distribution was Obamas grandfather; how we should think about Marxism in a modern world; and how location where one is born determines his wealth. He goes beyond mere entertainment to explain why inequality matters, how it damages our economics prospects, and how it can threaten the foundations of the social order that we take for granted. Bold, engaging, and illuminating, The Haves and the Have-Nots teaches us not only how to think about inequality, but why we should.
"[A]n eclectic book on inequality…. [Milanovic's] colorful vignettes…are almost uniformly delightful. No matter where you are on the income ladder, Milanovic's examination of whether Bill Gates is richer than Nero makes for great cocktail party conversation." (The New York Times Book Review)
Milanovic defies the typical image of an economist by presenting research overlaid with humor, literary insights, and fully imagined portraits of daily life as he examines inequality across time and continents....Accessible and entertaining. (Booklist)
"[A] timely look at the inequality of income and wealth…. Authoritative." (Kirkus Reviews)
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Kaspersky has been running for about 5 hours, and is only 50% done (I was using another browser window at the same time -- perhaps that slowed the scan down). So far, there are 4 threats and 5 infections. I'll post the log from this run and a new hijackthis log as soon as the scans are done (probably in the morning).
Thanks for being patient.
-- Opticswalt


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and what are they?
What do axitan 2 pills look like?
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Graceland Trailer (2012)
"A life for every lie." 20 April 2012 Drama, Foreign 84 mins
When a kidnapping goes wrong, a desperate father risks everything to save his daughter from the men who hold her captive.
Watch the official Graceland 2012 trailer in HD below or find more Graceland videos on Vidimovie.