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September 14th, 2007, 05:26 PM #1
What is the normal ways of paying Affiliate Managers?
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- December 12th, 2006
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- 370
Sorry if this is in the wrong place.
Just curious, if you was going to hire an affiliate manager to manage your company
How would you determine paying them?
- Commission Based Only?
- Salary Based?
Probably those of you who have been affiliate managers would be more familiar with this.
I am just curious, what is the proceedure for taking on board someone as an affiliate manager
Would it be out of place now days to see a potential affiliate manager ask for a base salary ?
Or is it more likely companies would take you on.. only on a commission basis.. and if so.. what is the commission based on?
Like would the affiliate manager only get paid when affiliates make money?
September 14th, 2007, 05:31 PM #2
I'd say that the most common way is a combination of a set monthly fee (or salary, if they are working in-house) + a commission off the affiliate sales that result from the AM's recruitment endeavors.
Geno Prussakov AM Navigator LLC Twitter.com/ePrussakov We Manage: These affiliate programs My Services: Affiliate program management, audit, consulting, speaking
September 14th, 2007, 05:53 PM #3
I have been working as an affiliate manager for the past 3 years and have done base + commission and just base + bonuses. I would always look at the company and the products they sell before signing on with a commission only deal. Sometimes sour lemonade is just sour no matter how you pour it.
September 14th, 2007, 06:41 PM #4
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Mods might want to move this to Aff manager forum.
To ans your question, I do not think there are people who will jump at working on commission only.
As they say YMMV
September 14th, 2007, 07:20 PM #5
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I got into this (affiliate consulting) business in early 1997 by doing "advice-only consulting," for startups like art.com (the original art.com, before the site launched and long before it was acquired by Getty, sold by Getty, or merged into AllPosters).
These clients hired me specifically to write the "plan" for the affiliate program, including many specific terms and practices, and also including specific requirements for the e-commerce web site, and specific recommendations for hiring and training staff. For that work, I charged a specific fixed fee, and promised a specific deliverable (usually, a detailed report, and quite often, a presentation to the founders, funders, and/or key staff). I also helped to train the new-hire affiliate managers for some clients. At that time, I insisted that clients hire an in-house affiliate manager, because it was going to be full-time work that could most effectively be done in-house.
I am now in a sort of "special niche" because I will only accept AM work on an "interim" basis (with the understanding that the relationship will only last for a short period, generally 3-6 months, and that I will help the client hire and train an in-house affiliate manager).
Most recently, I've done this work on a flat monthly fee basis, expressly providing a "share of my time," such as a committment to spend 40 or 80 or 120 hours per month. (Note that I don't have any employees or subcontractors; it is MY time that I am selling.)
In the past, I have offered to work on a commission-only basis for a couple specific clients, and in each case the client chose to hire someone else, because they thought it would be cheaper to pay a $3,000 or $5,000 monthly fee. In each case, the client was unhappy with the folks they'd hired, and each came back asking me to work on a commission basis. In each case, I've declined that second opportunity after seeing how poorly those particular programs had performed.
I have also "politely declined" most of the affiliate-management opportunities that come to me, after a quick look at the prospective client's web site. Far too often, there are multiple "fatal flaws" that are likely to prevent successful affiliate relationships. (Even more often, I turn down PPC consulting work for the same reason.)
Don't focus on just the money! I think a key issue is defining the agreement. What exactly will the "affiliate manager" do, and if the AM is an "outsourced program manager" or agency, who exactly will do the work? What deliverables will be provided? Who will own the data collected (for example, data regarding affiliates recruited)? If the agreement provides for a "commission" or "bonus" structure, how is that affected if the agreement is terminated? What happens if the client is unhappy with the service level? What happens if the consultant is unhappy with the client's conduct or business practices? What happens if the affiliate-enrollment rate or overall sales volume is significantly lower (or higher) than expected? What if the merchant changes pricing or other terms? What if the merchant declines to follow many or most of the consultant's recommendations (commission rate, cookie duration, rejection of parasitic affiliates)? What if there are significant technical problems that affect "tracking"?
As a lawyer in the early 1990s, I advised several clients who had worked as salespeople or sales managers, with commission and bonus promises. In each case, my client had lined up a "big deal" but the company terminated their relationship and refused to pay the promised commission or bonus. In one case, the company actually admitted that they had terminated the sales manager specifically to avoid paying the promised bonus! Of course, in each case there was either no written agreement, or a very short "letter agreement" that did not clearly define the terms. In each case, I wasn't able to help the client because my fees would have exceeded the maximum likely judgment, and there was never an "attorney's fee" clause.
Last edited by markwelch; September 14th, 2007 at 07:30 PM.
September 14th, 2007, 07:44 PM #6
I moved the thread!
For a start-up I prefer to negotiate a launch fee with 50% up front and 50% upon launch. Then I work off of a monthly retainer with a bonus percentage of revenue generated. When the percentage of revenue exceeds the retainer the retainer is removed and all compensation is performance based.
For existing program that have conversion and are generating revenue I prefer a percentage of revenue. It is all performance based and my energy is spend making sales through the channel rather than documenting what I am doing.
September 14th, 2007, 09:21 PM #7
Base plus commissions. If I want to work on commissions only, I would be an affiliate and not a manager. And getting a program launched or relaunched means there is a period of time that I am doing a lot of work prior to commissions being earned at all. Like Chuck, my base is a draw against commissions, so once the program is performing, the "base" goes away.
An inhouse manager would get paid a salary, like any other employee of a company.Deborah Carney
TeamLoxly.com BookGoodies.com ABCsPlus.com
September 14th, 2007, 10:01 PM #8
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Thank you everyone.. what a great community this place is.
I cant quote either one of you, as the advise you all have given is PURE GOLD
I really appreciate the time you took to think about it and reply
I strongly agree loxly on what you said regarding, if it was on commission only then, I would be an affiliate myself, I was thinking about this myself today and its like you read my mind.
As there is a fair amount of effort and time that is put into gaining affiliates BEFORE sales are made.. someone has to pay for that.. right?
Like I can understand from a company's standpoint, They dont just want affiliates, they want affiliates that bring them sales.. and they may see that, is the basis they want to pay an affiliate manager.. but I dont think im off course to say that ... its more than just getting affiliates on board that make sales, its having someone who can commit there time to focus on coming up with ideas, planning, and creating things that will gain affiliates and better assist them.
Like Mark said.. it would be OUR time that we would be selling them.
Yet on the same hand I can see where and company may think they only want to pay an affiliate manager based on performance of bringing in affiliates that make sales as ultimately that is the end result they want, money in their pocket and if your not doing that they are paying you for ideas that arent working and planning thats not working but.. as you clearly said it Loxly..
1. There is a lot of preparation, time and effort that goes into building up and affiliate program way before a sales is made, and if its commission only based on sales and the first month you only managed to bring in 50 affiliates, then you may end up getting paid lower than what you would of had you been paid a base amount, meaning that commission might not cover all the hours you have put into it.
2. Also would i be wrong in saying that to be an affiliate manager properly you also would have to be focusing on that, not your other online activities or another 9-5 job.. which means if you have to decide should i commit to this, it would mean you would have to be compensated for the time you put into it. As you have given up another job that will pay you money to focus on building an affiliate program
I mean heck.. people employ people all the time to find out 2 weeks or a month later they aren't performing.. there are no guarantees.. but that should not be used as an excuse to say ok " i will only pay you commission "
Like I know there are commission only jobs out there. .like car sales people for instance and so on.... so I can see where companies are coming from..
But I have to agree with you all.. that the best route to go would be being paid a base monthly rate, if sales are made then by affiliates a commission/bonus ( not sure what to call it ) would be paid.
Mark said a lot that was really good.. especially in regards to Defining what the affiliate manager is going to do, and how often will they be required to work? 8 hrs a day, 5 days a week? or only 8 hours per week?
Man I wish there was a guide book that detailed how you should approach becoming an affiliate manager for a company, because if the company has never had an affiliate manager, they are kind of having to feel their way around in the dark on deciding what is right
Having the possibility of being an affiliate manager for someone else, has challenged my thinking on what I should make clear to the company
Though your advice above as given me some ideas..
What do you think is a realistic Monthly base salary, just roughly, doesn't have to be high?
Would you also let the company decide on what your commission of every affiliate sale will be?
September 14th, 2007, 10:19 PM #9
Originally Posted by WyndhamVacationR-EricEwe
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September 14th, 2007, 10:54 PM #10
Your Mileage May VaryContinued Success,
The secret of success is constancy of purpose ~ Disraeli
September 14th, 2007, 10:59 PM #11
Originally Posted by Haiko de Poel, Jr.
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So what are peoples thoughts then on what they would think would be a base monthly salary?
Would it be based on 40 hrs a week or 40hrs a month
If its only 40hrs a month, then it would have to be a set pay amount or hourly rate right?
September 15th, 2007, 08:24 AM #12
You're talking for hiring someone in house, correct? Then the salary should be on par with the rest of your marketing professionals (if in fact you have others).
Secondly, there are some weeks where the program will need 60 hours of attention, and some where you can probably get by with 15 or 20. But it definitely needs to be looked at daily.Kevin Webster
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Kayak Fishing
Web Analytics and Affiliate Marketing
September 15th, 2007, 02:36 PM #13
No one is going to give you actual figures to use to pay your employees, you need to pay them based on their value as an employee and their skills. There are plenty of places to find competitive salary information for marketing professionals on the web and in print.Deborah Carney
TeamLoxly.com BookGoodies.com ABCsPlus.com
September 15th, 2007, 07:34 PM #14
Originally Posted by Noth
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September 15th, 2007, 07:36 PM #15
Originally Posted by loxly
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September 15th, 2007, 07:58 PM #16
easylife, it's time for you to do some searching and reading here on Abestweb. Now you are asking questions that you need to find the info and do research and reading about, and not just expect it to be handed to you.
Magic Bullet is a good place to start.
Last edited by loxly; September 15th, 2007 at 08:57 PM.Deborah Carney
TeamLoxly.com BookGoodies.com ABCsPlus.com
September 15th, 2007, 08:31 PM #17
Originally Posted by easylife
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-Are you hiring in house or outsourced?
-Where are you located? If you are looking at in house and in NYC, I think that might be below avg.
-What vertical are you in?
-Benefits (if in house) and commission payout for OPM.
As Loxly suggested, I think you might want to search.
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However there are some things one can do during and after water damages a home. These things help reduce expenses after the damage and save some property from being damaged.
Turn Off the Water Source
Whether is cause by a burst pipe of water pipe or flood, the first thing you should do is to think of the best possible way to cut-off or reduce the water source from entry your home. In the case of damage caused by a burst pipe, quickly turn off he water source
Turn Off The Power Source
It is very important to cut-off the power source in water damaged home. The power source and gas can escalate the whole situation to cause more serious damage.
Before touching anything power, please make sure you are properly insulated to avoid any form of shock. And if you cannot help but stand right there in water to cut off the power, you might need to consult an electrician.
Move valuable properties
We all keep some valuables in our home, like jewelry, documents, and certificates, family pictures, money etc. do not waste so much time doing this while the water is still causing more Water removal Dallas. Quickly move them to the safest place you know.
Access the Level of Damage
The next thing to do is to access the level of damage in your home. You need to think if the damage is really bad that rebuilding is the best option. Take pictures at different corners because this will be useful to show your insurance company.
Move Damaged Properties
While this work in water-damaged home can really be a grueling and nasty, this is one of the best things to do, move damaged properties to the basement or anywhere else that you should move it to. You can employ the services of water mitigating professionals to help you out even though it will add to your expenses.
However, trying to cut down expenses should be your goal, why not just slid in a pair of rubber gloves and do it yourself.
Remove standing water
Water is often times stock in different parts of home damaged by water. The longer you wait the more damage this water does to things. Roll-up your sleeves and get rid of the water. However, you will need to take some safety measures like wearing a pair of water boot, gloves etc. Keep the children away from the area,
Remove Debris and Air Dry
Usually it takes bacteria about 48 to 72 hours to buildup in your apartment. At the points where water has stayed stagnant for some hours should be your starting point to cleaning; Muds left behind the door and other places can be removed with shovel and be careful of some animals like rat and snake. After cleaning up these places, you need to allow it to air dry.
Facing water damage challenge is not an easy task. However, in this situation, take this steps and you will be glade you did.
Did you know that tap water contains numerous chemicals and bacteria that can affect your general health? Drinking healthy water is even more important than eating healthy food, because water absorbs all the chemicals from the air or soil more easily than the food.
In order to save your health, you should consider buying a water filtration system for your home. There are several different options and each of them comes with benefits and downsides. It can be a frustrating thing for buyers to go through all the options by themselves. That's why we did a research and discovered five key points you should look for when buying a water filtration system for your home.
Is it for your drinking water only?
Pitcher, under sink or whole house system – which one is the best solution for your home? If you feel strongly about tap or community water and still think it is safe for use, but it need a filtration, then you should go with pitchers. They are designed to filter only water from the faucets and taps, but won't help you in filtrating the water in your entire home. On the other side, if you need a more permanent solution for your family, you may look for under sink or whole house system. It would be expensive up front, but it will give you a clean and healthy water in your entire home, not just in your kitchen.
What contaminants it should reduce?
Most water filter system does not reduce all contaminants. Pitcher water filters, for example, reduce substances like chloride but don't reduce the presence of heavy metals, VOCs (Volatile Organic Chemicals) or pesticides. On the other hand, solid block carbon filters does reduce almost every bacteria, pesticide, chloride and heavy metal, but still isn't efficient in reducing VOCs. Before you consider buying a water filtration system, make sure you check first if it reduces most of contaminants or just part of them.
How much does it cost?
The price wouldn't be an issue if you find what you are looking for, but it's clever to think about numbers before you go and purchase your water filtration system. Some options like pitcher water filters may seem inexpensive at first, but if you know that they require frequent filling and cartridge replacement you will be surprised with the eventual cost. On the flip side, reverse osmosis filters or counter multi-stage filters may seem expensive up front, but if you consider the fact that they usually doesn't require frequent maintenance, they could be a smarter purchasing option, especially if you're going to use it for quite a while.
Is it easy to install it?
Another important feature of your new water filtration system is the installation. If you go for the simplest option – pitcher water filters – it wouldn't require hiring additional help. However, more complex water filtration systems, such as multi-stage filters, requires hiring a plumber, which may cost you more than the actual product.
How much space does it take?
Depending on the complexity of the water filtration system itself, some filters may take much larger space than you realize. For example, the complex wider counter multi-stage filter must be placed under the sink and take up the extra storage space from there. Some other filters like distilled water filter are also huge for the house usage (and may be expensive, too). If you don't want to waste additional space in your kitchen or you have a really small one, you should consider simpler options like pitcher water filters.
Read the full guide here for detailed descriptions of the top water filtration devices on the market today.…
The interiors of your house play an extremely crucial role in adding a unique elegance and expression to your house. The distinct decoration also leaves an expression about you in your guest's mind. Whether you are renovating your commercial space, or re-designing your residential area, you need to keep it in mind that the interior design of your area matters a lot.
Most of the people wish to give the best décor and intramurals to their interiors, but a large number of people end up exploiting the look of their space when they do it without professional help. You surely can re-create your interiors with the help of online articles, blog and directions on interior designing, and get the decoration done by yourself.
But an expert interior decorator has personal experience of creating wonderful designs and makes the space more harmonic with intelligence and creativity. And it's not difficult to find a professional interior decorator these days; you can get their assistance with just one call.
Plenty of Designs and Styles
When it comes to decorating or renovating a house, there are plenty of designs and styles and an owner can choose. The designs and materials for the interior decoration are chose according to the area and the taste of the owner. Most of the people these days prefer to choose theme based designing style for their interiors to give the best outlook to their interior.
Usually the designs are selected as per the preference of the people who are residing in the house and then the chosen designs are carried out in a well-planned schedule. Great care must be taken while renovating or decorating your residential or commercial space because the interior designs of your interiors give a reflection of your personality.


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Perry's Automotive Sales & Service
Review for Perry's Automotive Sales & Service
Irene C. on 12/04/2014
Irene said she has been going to the business for a long time. Perry is very good and she trusts him.
Vehicle: Chevrolet Malibu
Category: Service
Service Date: 12/01/2014
Review Created: 12/04/2014
This review was collected via phone interview by Customer Research Inc.


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Retail consignment stores featuring clothing, fashion accessories, home furnishings, and furniture
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text: I have MS Activesync set up on the stock email app on the Captivate to read my work email and the problem is ever since setting it up I have some emails both on the phone and in my desktop Outlook that come in read before I even open them! Does anyone know what I might be doing wrong or what setting I need to change. I have missed too many important emails because they look like they've been read already. I used Touchdown for a while but it was sucking up all my battery life so I uninstalled. PLEASE HELP!


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AUDIO: Jay-Z "Open Letter"
Apparently cigars and The Mrs. weren't the only things that Shawn "Jay-Z" Carter made sure to safely bring back from his recent rendezvous in Cuba. The usually discreet mogul MC decided to get vocal (with the help of Swizz Beatz and Timbaland on the production) and respond to the latest round of international controversy and business allegations. "Open Letter" is a not-so-discreet attempt to clear the air of everything from Brooklyn Nets business to White House affiliation. Interesting, Mr. Carter sounds like he's tapping into a whole lot of "Mr. Castro" on this one.


text: We will not share, sell or rent any of the information collected on this website to anyone outside of Verbal Beginnings. If you do not wish to complete our contact form, you may also contact us via e-mail, phone or fax. Verbal Beginnings has a strong commitment to privacy. If you have any questions, please contact us at 888.344.5977.


text: Thank you for your interest in becoming a member agency with the Community Food Bank of Central Alabama! We welcome all qualified nonprofit agencies including food pantries, soup kitchens, and more. Our member agencies serve the hungry and needy through their feeding programs. Please note, to become a member agency of the food bank, you must be recognized by the IRS as a 501c3 tax exempt organization. Churches are considered tax exempt by the IRS, therefore would qualify if they run a food pantry.


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Lava A50 smartphone was launched in January 2017. The phone comes with a 4.00-inch touchscreen display Lava A50 price in India starts from Rs. 3,099.
The Lava A50 is powered by 1.2GHz quad-core it comes with 512MB of RAM. The phone packs 8GB of internal storage that can be expanded up to 32GB via a microSD card. As far as the cameras are concerned, the Lava A50 packs a 5-megapixel primary camera on the rear
The Lava A50 runs Android 6.0 and is powered by a 1550mAh removable battery. It measures 123.00 x 63.40 x 9.65 (height x width x thickness) .
The Lava A50 is a dual SIM (GSM and GSM) . Connectivity options include Wi-Fi, GPS, Bluetooth, FM and 3G. Sensors on the phone include Proximity sensor, Accelerometer and Ambient light sensor.


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$ 16.00
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I know Guac is Extra Coffee/Tea Mug
I know Guac is Extra Glossy Finish Coffee Mug.
Our high quality ceramic mugs come in 2 sizes (11oz and 15oz) and are completely microwave and dishwasher safe. No matter how often you wash these rad and unique mugs, the quality will stay the same.


text: A smart agent to trade and predict foreign exchange marketMohamed Taher Alrefaie, Alaa-Aldine Hamouda, Rabie Ramadan2013 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence…2013Foreign Exchange market is a worldwide market to exchange currencies with 3.98 trillion US dollars daily turnover. With such a massive turnover, probability of profit is very high; however, trading in such massive market needs high knowledge, skills and full commitment in order to achieve high profit. The purpose of this work is to design a smart agent that… (More)


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After Naga Babu's comments on RGV, the filmmaker opened his pandora box of attacks and still continues to do it. But there is no response to his attack from mega family heroes.
So, RGV went to the extent of asking why they are silent and inquired if Naga Babu is bitten by a scorpion or else an earthworm. While mega brothers and family continued to maintain silence, mega fans are trying their best to give back to RGV even though they knew that it is hard to win over GV when it comes to the war of exchanging words.
They are venting their anger by addressing RGV as 'Akkupakshi' and also creating all kind of morphed photoshopped pictures of the filmmaker as a bird. Looks like they are fighting back to the maximum extent. More than being hilarious, these tweet attacks show their frustration more.
Gud nyt… #Akkupakshi gaaru!!
Pure @RGVzoomin Mass… =-O pic.twitter.com/EFwuyDIQTE
— Harsha Vardhan Sai. (@HarshaPawanism) January 8, 2017
@RGVzoomin nagababu fans yettala chesru chudu ….#Akkupakshi pic.twitter.com/vnujjvSVku
— SaMbA (@NameisVenky) January 7, 2017
rgv tweet ki oka mega abhimani comment:
"hi raa #Akkupakshi"
— rk (@raokonline) January 8, 2017
Karan Johar and Anuraag kashyap jointly production just registered title #Akkupakshi is the biopic of @RGVzoomin @pkrtweets #Breakingnews
— Rajesh (@Rajesh_tweetss) January 8, 2017
#akkupakshi RGV gadni kummutunna fans
Nagababu debba 👊
Rgv ki nidraledhu .. thindi ledu …pichodu ga maraduu 😀 final ga
— BOTollywood™ (@BeHappyQuotes2u) January 8, 2017
#Akkupakshi @RGVzoomin Mumbai nundi tarimesthe Hyderabad lo dakkunna ghanatha mana akkupakshi garidi… #Akkupakshi abhimana sangam
— dhanunjaya rao (@dhanuroutu) January 8, 2017


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Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) result from pathophysiologically distinct dysregulated immune responses, as evidenced by the preponderance of differing immune cell mediators and circulating cytokine expression profiles. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that act as negative regulators of gene expression and have an increasingly recognized role in immune regulation. We hypothesized that differences in circulating immune cells in CD and UC patients are reflected by altered miRNA expression and that miRNA expression patterns can distinguish CD and UC from normal healthy individuals.
Peripheral blood was obtained from patients with active CD, inactive CD, active UC, inactive UC and normal healthy adults. Total RNA was isolated and miRNA expression assessed using miRNA microarray and validated by mature miRNA quantitative RT-PCR.
Five miRNAs were significantly increased and two miRNAs (149* and miRplus-F1065) were significantly decreased in the blood of active CD patients as compared to healthy controls. Twelve miRNAs were significantly increased and miRNA-505* was significantly decreased in the blood of active UC patients as compared to healthy controls. Ten miRNAs were significantly increased and one miRNA was significantly decreased in the blood of active UC patients as compared to active CD patients.
Peripheral blood miRNAs can be used to distinguish active CD and UC from healthy controls. The data support the evidence that CD and UC are associated with different circulating immune cells types and that the differential expression of peripheral blood miRNAs may form the basis of future diagnostic tests for IBD.
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two most common forms of chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).1 Both CD and UC are thought to arise as a consequence of an aberrant immune response to gut flora in genetically predisposed individuals and characterized by chronic relapsing and remitting inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract1. However, there are distinct clinical,2 genetic,3 gene expression4–6 and immunologic characteristics1 that indicate that CD and UC can be classified as two overlapping but distinct disease types. It is this overlap and our lack of comprehensive understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of CD and UC that have hampered the advancement in new diagnostic and treatment modalities for IBD.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (~22–24 nucleotide), noncoding RNAs that act as key regulators of gene expression.7 Briefly, they are initially transcribed as longer primary miRNA transcripts in the nucleus then subsequently processed by Drosha and DGCR8 into precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA). The pre-miRNA is exported to the cytoplasm by exportin 5 in a ras-related nuclear protein guanosine triphosphate-dependent manner. The cytoplasmic pre-miRNA is cleaved by Dicer and the functional miRNA strand incorporated into the RNA-inducing silencing complex (RISC). Once loaded, the miRNA binds to complementary sequences in the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of target miRNAs, resulting in suppression of translation and/or degradation of mRNA.
Overall, miRNAs are thought to contribute to the regulation of over 30% of all protein coding genes,8 including those involved in development, metabolism, cell cycle control and fibrosis.7, 9 Recently growing evidence indicates that miRNAs play a significant role in immune function.10 The differential expression of miRNAs has been noted in T cell development and T cell subtypes.11, 12 They have demonstrable roles in intestinal epithelial chemokine expression,13 toll-like receptor signaling and cytokine signaling.14
It has been hypothesized that the differential expression of miRNAs may distinguish disease states.15 Indeed, altered miRNA profiles have been noted a vast array of diseases including multiple cancer subtypes,16 cardiovascular diseases,17 diabetes,18 and several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases,19–22 including CD and UC.13, 23–25 Recently, several studies indicate that the differential expression of miRNAs in the peripheral blood or plasma may be useful tools for the diagnosis or differentiation of disease.26–31
In this study, we hypothesized that the differences in circulating immune cells associated with CD and UC are reflected by altered peripheral blood miRNA expression and that these expression patterns can distinguish CD and UC from normal healthy individuals. We performed miRNA microarray on peripheral blood samples isolated from CD patients, UC patients and healthy controls. We compared miRNA expression patterns between these three groups and validated their expression using mature miRNA qRT-PCR. Our findings suggest that peripheral blood miRNAs can be useful in the differentiation between active IBD subtypes and may be a useful tool for future determination of IBD diagnosis and disease activity.
Healthy individuals undergoing colonoscopies for colorectal cancer screening and patients with CD or UC were recruited for blood collection following a protocol approved by the John Hopkins University Institutional Review Board. Upon obtaining informed consent, approximately 2 ml of peripheral blood were collected into a PAXgene™ tube containing 6.9 ml RNA stabilizing solution (Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). Samples were drawn at the time of obtaining peripheral vein access for the planned endoscopic procedure.
The CD and UC diagnoses were established by clinical, endoscopic and histological criteria. CD and UC disease activity was determined by the presence or absence of acute and chronic inflammation assessed on histopathology of endoscopic pinch biopsies of the ileum and colon taken on the day of the blood collection. The healthy controls were defined as having no intestinal inflammation on the day of the blood collection. Clinical characteristics of patients utilized in the study are summarized in Table 1.
The PAXgene blood tube was incubated at room temperature for 2 h to ensure complete lysis of blood cells then centrifuged for 10 min at 3000g using a swing-out rotor. The supernatant was discarded and RNase-free water (4 ml) was added to the pellet then vortexed until the pellet was visibly dissolved. After centrifuging again for 10 min at 3000g, the miRNeasy Mini Kit protocol (QIAGEN, Valencia, CA) was used to isolate total RNA from the pellet following the manufacturer's protocol. The quality of the total RNA was verified by an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer profile (Agilent, Oswego, IL). The RNA samples were stored at −80°C.
Total RNA (1 μg per sample) was mixed with 10 different synthetic unlabeled miRNA spike-in controls and labeled with Hy3™ fluorescent using the miRCURY™ LNA Array Power Labeling kit (Exiqon, Vedbaek, Denmark) following the manufacturer's protocol. The Hy3™-labeled samples were hybridized to the miRCURY™ LNA Array v. 11.0 (Exiqon), which contains capture probes targeting all miRNAs for human, mouse or rat registered in the miRBase version 11.0 at the Sanger Institute. The hybridization and slide washing were performed according to the miRCURY™ LNA array manual. The microarray slides were scanned using the Microarray Scanner System (Agilent) and the image analysis was carried out using the Agilent Feature Extraction software v.9.5.3.
This miRCURY™ LNA Array chip has four replicate probes for each of 834 human miRNAs, 19 small nucleolar RNAs, 10 positive controls and 8 negative controls. In addition, this array contains capture probes for 429 new proprietary miRPlus™ human miRNAs which are not reported in miRBase. The hybridization signal of 5SrRNA was one of the highest signals in the arrays. Therefore, each background-subtracted median fluorescence intensity was Log2 transformed and normalized to the corresponding 5SrRNA signal of each array. The normalized data was analyzed using dChip software (http://www.dchip.org/) to identify differential miRNA expression between analysis groups. The criteria for significance included (1) a miRNA signal higher than mean + 2SD of the negative controls on an array, (2) a T-test on any given two groups, p < 0.05.
We used the NCode SYBR green miRNA qRT-PCR Kit (Invitrogen, La Jolla, CA) to validate the expression of miRNAs identified by microarray. Briefly, total RNA (200 ng) was used to add a poly-A tail and then converted to first strand cDNA according to manufacturer's protocol. For miRNA qPCR, the reverse primer was the NCode miRNA universal qPCR primer (Invitrogen). Forward primers were DNA form of the mature miRNA sequences, which were obtained from Operon (Huntsville, Alabama) and listed in Table 2. The qPCR was performed in an ABI7900 cycler (Applied Biosystem, Carlsbad, CA) and the cycle threshold (Ct) passed was recorded. The expression of each target miRNA in sample was calculated relative to U6B, a ubiquitously expressed small nuclear RNA that has been widely used as an internal control. Data is presented as target miRNA expression = 2ΔCt, with ΔCt = (U6B Ct − target miRNA Ct).
Experimental results are expressed as mean values ± standard error. Statistical analyses for qRTPCR were performed using one-way ANOVA for multiple groups (GraphPad Prism 5). P < 0.05 was considered significant.
We sought to test the hypothesis that peripheral blood miRNAs can distinguish IBD subtypes. Total RNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of patients with endoscopically and histologically confirmed active CD, inactive CD, active UC, inactive UC and healthy control subjects. Blood samples from 55 patients were utilized for this study. The clinical characteristics of each patient group are listed in Table 1.
A miRNA microarray capable of measuring the expression of 834 known and 429 putative human microRNA genes was used to compare miRNA expression among all collected samples. The 55 miRNA microarrays were performed and analyzed using relatively low stringency criteria to maximize the identification of candidate miRNAs. A comparison of blood samples from healthy controls to active CD samples identified 18 miRNAs with differential expression (Figure 1). Of these miRNAs, 12 were increased and 6 were decreased in blood samples collected from patients with active CD as compared to healthy controls. When the active CD patients were subgrouped into Crohn's ileitis and Crohn's colitis patients, there was no significant difference in the expression of these 18 miRNAs between the two subgroups (data not shown). In addition, while the expression of these 18 miRNAs in the blood of active CD patients appeared relatively consistent, there appeared to be increased heterogeneity of the expression of these 18 miRNAs in the blood of patients with inactive CD.
We next performed a higher stringency qRT-PCR on 11 of the 18 identified miRNAs in an attempt to validate the miRNA microarray results. Seven of the 11 CD-associated peripheral blood miRNAs were confirmed, including miRs-199a-5p, -362-3p, -340*, -149* and -532-3p (Figure 2). Of these miRNAs, miR-362-3p demonstrated the most significant difference in expression with a 4.7 fold increase seen in the peripheral blood of active CD patients. Two additional putative miRNAs, miRplus-E1271 and miR-plus-F1065, were differentially expressed and highly expressed in the peripheral blood of patients with active CD.
Overall, miRs-199a-5p, -362-3p and -532-3p and miRplus-E1271 were increased in the peripheral blood of patients with active CD but not in the blood of patients with inactive CD as compared to healthy controls. In contrast, the peripheral blood of both active and inactive CD patients exhibited increased expression of miR-340*. Similarly, miRplus-F1065 was decreased only in the blood of active CD patients while miR-149* was decreased in the blood of both active and inactive CD patients.
A comparison of peripheral blood samples from active UC patients to healthy control subjects was performed using the miRNA microarray (Figure 3). Seventeen differentially expressed miRNAs were identified with 12 miRNAs increased and 5 miRNAs decreased in the blood of active UC patients. When the active UC patients were subgrouped into pan-colitis and distal colitis subgroups, there was no significant difference in the expression of these 17 miRNAs between the two subgroups (data not shown). Similar to the CD-associated miRNAs, there appeared to be an increased heterogeneity of the expression of these 17 miRNAs in the blood of patients with inactive UC.
A higher stringency qRT-PCR was performed on 10 of the 17 identified miRNAs in an attempt to validate the miRNA microarray results. Nine of the 10 UC-associated peripheral blood miRNAs were confirmed, including miRs-28-5p, -151-5p, -103-2*, -199a-5p, -340*, -362-3p, -532-3p, -505* and miRplus-E1271 (Figure 4). A 7.2 fold decreased expression of miR-505* was noted in active UC patients' blood. Conversely, miR-103-2* and miR-362-3p demonstrated the greatest increase in blood expression in active UC patients with a 3.1 and 5.2-fold increase, respectively.
Overall, miRs-28-5p, -151-5p, -199a-5p, -340* and miRplus-E1271 were increased in the peripheral blood of patients with active UC but not in inactive UC. In contrast, miRs-103-2*, -362-3p and -532-3p were increased in the blood of both inactive and active UC patients. One miRNA, miR-505*, was decreased in the blood of both active and inactive UC patients.
We next sought to determine whether peripheral blood miRNAs could distinguish active CD from active UC. Of the 21 miRNAs assessed for validation qRTPCR to identify CD associated (Figure 2) and UC-associated (Figure 4) miRNAs, five miRNAs were common to both sets of analyses, including miRs-199a-5p, -362-3p, -340*, -532-3p and miRplus-E1271. To determine whether any of these 21 miRNAs were further able to distinguish active CD from active UC, we proceeded to perform qRTPCR comparisons of the active CD group, the active UC group and the healthy control group (Figure 5). We confirmed that 8 miRNAs, including miRs-28-5p, -103-2*, 149*, -151-5p, -340*, -505*, -532-3p, and miR-plus-E1153, were able to distinguish active CD from active UC. Of these miRNAs, seven were significantly increased in active UC compared to active CD while miR-505* was significantly decreased by 7.2-fold in active UC compared to active CD. Of note, in this validation set, miRplus-E1153 was additionally found to not only distinguish active UC from active CD but active UC from healthy controls as well.
To determine whether we could identify additional miRNAs capable of distinguishing active CD and active UC, we directly compared the miRNA microarray profiles of the two patient groups (Figure 6A). Seventeen differentially expressed miRNAs were identified with 10 miRNAs increased and 7 decreased in the peripheral blood of active UC patients as compared to active CD patients. Of note, miR-149* and miR-505* were among the 17 miRNAs identified by directly comparing the active CD and active UC groups. Further validation qRT-PCR was performed on 5 these miRNAs and three miRNAs were confirmed to be differentially expressed (Figure 6B). The peripheral blood expression of miRs-3180-3p, miRplus-E1035 and miRplus-F1159 were significantly increased in the active UC patients as compared to active CD patients. The expression of these three miRNAs was not only differentially expressed when comparing active UC to active CD but also when comparing active UC to healthy controls. This differential expression of these three miRNAs in active UC in comparison to healthy controls was not noted in the initial miRNA microarray comparison of peripheral blood miRNAs from active UC patients with healthy controls.
We present the first evidence that peripheral blood miRNAs can distinguish active IBD subtypes from each other and healthy controls. Overall, we identified 10 miRNAs significantly increased and one miRNA significantly decreased in the peripheral blood of active UC patients as compared to CD. We identified 12 miRNAs significantly increased and one miRNA significantly decreased in the blood of active UC patients compared to healthy controls. We identified 5 miRNAs significantly increased and 2 miRNAs significantly decreased in the blood of active CD patients compared to healthy controls.
Of these miRNAs, several appear to have similar patterns of expression in the blood of both active CD and UC. Specifically, the blood expression of miRs-199a-5p, -362-3p, -340*, -532-3p and miRplus-1271 were elevated in both CD and UC as compared to healthy controls. The blood expression levels of three of these miRNAs were similar in both the CD and UC groups. The overlap of these miRs in the blood of active CD and UC patients indicates that these miRNAs may reflect a generalized inflammatory state common to both CD and UC and other autoimmune diseases. This is supported by the finding that miR-199a-5p was also previously found to be elevated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of African American patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).29
The identification of peripheral blood miRNAs distinct to CD and UC supports recent studies utilizing blood based miRNAs to distinguish disease. Voellenkle et al30 identified miRNAs differentially expressed in PBMCs of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (CM) and non-ischemic CM as compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, similar studies using serum and plasma have reported utility in distinguishing patients with sepsis31 and malignancies, including prostate,26 ovarian,32 colorectal cancer28 and non-small cell lung cancer.27 In the context of autoimmune diseases, Te et al29 reported the differential expression of 21 miRNAs in PBMCs isolated from African American patients with SLE compared to healthy controls. As stated above, only miR-199a-5p was found to be expressed in our CD and UC samples, while the other 20 SLE-associated PBMC miRNAs were not differentially expressed in either CD or UC. This supports the possibility that peripheral blood miRNAs may not only distinguish IBD subtypes but that specific autoimmune diseases may be associated with distinct miRNA expression patterns.
In this study, we chose to study whole peripheral blood miRNA expression using a blood collection technique with proven miRNA stability. The PaxGene™ tube, for the collection of RNA, has demonstrable stability through 48hrs at room temperature,33 which would be relevant in the clinical setting. At the time of the initiation of this study, a commercially available technique to extract miRNA from a PaxGene™ tube was not yet available, however, we favored the establishment of our own miRNA extraction technique in favor of the utilization of a stable miRNA collection technique.
Of note, while the expression of miRNAs in plasma and serum are thought to reflect the extrusion of miRNAs from relevant remote tissues or organs or disease processes,26 it is likely that peripheral blood miRNAs do not reflect miRNAs expressed in remote tissues. This is consistent with our results demonstrating that the peripheral blood miRNAs associated with active CD and UC were not similar to our previous studies identifying differentially expressed miRNAs from colonoscopic pinch biopsies of active CD and UC tissues.13, 23 Specifically, the 11 active UC-associated miRNAs,13 5 active Crohn's colitis miRNAs23 and 4 Crohn's ileitis miRNAs23 previously identified as differentially expressed in biopsy tissues were not differentially expressed in the peripheral blood of IBD patients in this study. It is more likely, that the peripheral blood miRNAs identified in our study reflect expression in circulating white blood cells.
CD and UC have been associated with distinct immune responses with CD and UC differing in associated circulating and intestinal immune cell types and Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokine profiles.34 Interestingly, altered miRNA expression profiles have been reported in both T and B cell subtypes.10 The identification of differing peripheral blood miRNA associated with CD and UC is consistent with the hypothesis that each IBD subtype is associated with differing immune cell types. In addition, the finding that peripheral blood miRNAs differ in active CD and UC indicates that the miRNAs expressed in each subtype do not reflect a simple, systemic inflammatory response. This specificity of miRNAs in peripheral blood is supported by the lack of significant overlap between IBD-associated miRNAs found in our study with miRNAs found in the PBMCs of SLE patients.
Overall, the identification of differentially expressed miRNAs in the tissues and peripheral blood of patients with active CD and UC supports the hypothesis that CD and UC involve distinct pathophysiologic mechanisms. While the miRNAs that we validated do not represent a comprehensive list of all differentially expressed miRNAs in the peripheral blood of IBD patients and future results may vary based upon newer miRNA extraction protocols and arrays, the results also support the potential that blood-based miRNAs may be useful diagnostic tools for IBD. Further studies are necessary to confirm the ability of blood-based miRNAs to distinguish IBD subtypes and to determine the correlation of these and other miRNAs with disease severity and other variables, such as CD location and UC extent.
We thank the Cancer Center Microarray Core Facility at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Sources of support: This work was supported by the Broad Medical Research Program grant IBD-0212 (F.W. and J.H.K.). This work was also supported by National Institutes of Health grant K08DK078046 (J.H.K.). J.H.K. was also supported by the Sherlock Hibbs IBD Research Fund, the M. Alan Guerrieri Family Fund and the Harvey M. and Lyn P. Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center at Johns Hopkins University.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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Marketing Using Google Plus
Published on December 22nd 2011 | Marketing
Published on December 22nd 2011 | Marketing
Running an online business is not an easy task. It is always important to have a complete understanding of your trading platform in order to run a business smoothly and profitably....


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"So some guy is going to dress up and pretend to be someone who doesn't even exist?"
--Andrew, upon hearing that Santa was coming to the ward Christmas party.
Will tried to clarify that "that guy isn't really Santa, but Santa is real!"
He doesn't look like he's too big for Santa!
Porter just protested against all who failed to include "Claus" when they said Santa. He had fun decorating cupcakes and I think the individual baggies of frosting were genius.
I never believed in Santa but I pretended to. I hope Andrew can be careful not to shatter will's Christmas magic too soon.
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Corey Duffel's been chilling, working on his house in Nor Cal. It's looking pretty sick with a view of the bay, red carpet, checkered tiles and everything. The pimp house where all chicks are free. The 88 video is scheduled to be out in Sept, look out for Corey's new hair-do, it's frightening.Corey also wanted everyone to check out his girlfriend's band at www.farewelltoyouth.com
Gareth Stehr has just accepted a new clothing sponsor and is now a major player in The Amerikan Project. Word is Gareth will be helping them design clothing.
Tony Silva is in Germany with Etnies.
Leo Romero dumped the Analog and is now rockin in the RVCA.
Mike Rusczyk has been working on web stuff, his site will be updated daily. Check it out at http://firehead.etuttle.com
Pig Wood
Steve Fauser has been swimming in Gina's pool and doing front-side slasher grinds in it!
Charlie Castelluzzo just graduated high school! Congrats.
Sammy Baca has joined the ranks of the clothing sponsored and now rides for The Amerikan Project.
The Pig Wood team is taking a little trip to Vegas this month, around the 24th-28th. Look for Lizard and James on that one too.
Toy Machine
Toy Machine is out on the road, touring the US and filming for Good & Evil.
Johnny Layton is starting to travel a bunch. Right after he gets off the Toy Machine summer tour he's heading out to China and Japan with Vans in July.
Don Nguyen just bought an M3. It's one nice Beemer, all leather and 5 on the floor. Him and DJ Chavez and Greg are heading out to Oklahoma to support the TDS video premiere. Hit some spots on the way.Don Nguyen also just wrapped up filming for The Lords of the Dogtown movie. No release date known yet.
DJ Chavez has just accepted a new clothing sponsor and is a new part of The Amerikan Project.
Sammy Baca is officially on Dekline. Congrats to Sammy! Web site has team Bio's now www.dekline.com .


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Thank you CherryCanada.Читайте мануал для визовых офицеров:
5.4. Training requirement [R112(c)]
Candidates for the LCP must have completed the training offered as part of a formal education program at an educational institution accredited by the appropriate local education authorities.
However, accreditation is not necessarily an endorsement of quality.
Officers should assess the quality of the program and whether it is adequate in equipping the applicant to perform the duties required by the proposed job. Where there are caregiver training programs established primarily to provide training to meet Canadian requirements, it will be necessary to determine their legitimacy as well as the adequacy of the training (see section 5.5 below).
Full-time training must be taken for a duration of at least six months.
Training and experience must be in a field or occupation related to the employment sought. For example, potential live-in caregivers may have training or experience in early childhood education, geriatric care, paediatric or geriatric nursing. Caregiving experience in an institutional setting (day care, crèche, hospital, senior citizens' home, etc.) should be considered in assessing whether the applicant meets the experience requirement. Experience as a midwife or hospital technician is not
acceptable as they do not have caregiving experience related to children, the elderly or people with disabilities.
Live-in caregiver training should be similar to the training offered by Canadian community colleges in child care or other related fields. The course load at Canadian community colleges averages 25 to 30 hours per week. This does not include activity assignments or a practicum. Thus, a student in an educational institution offering live-in caregiver training should be attending classes at least 25 to 30 hours per week.
It is acceptable to have some on-the-job training throughout the course as long as the classroom schedule demonstrates that there is a requirement for, and completion of, a full 6 months of fulltime training in a classroom setting throughout that course.


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Behind Broad Corporate Governance Aggregates: A First Look at Single Provisions of the German Corporate Governance Code
This study contributes to the emerging research that analyzes the relation between performance and single components of broad corporate governance aggregates, such as governance codes and ratings. Available research so far is confined to the U.S., Japan, and emerging markets. We enlarge the geographical scope to the German Corporate Governance Code (GCGC). For a sample of 100 large listed German stock corporations, we find for the GCGC at large that of our performance measures only Tobin's q is significantly associated with compliance; this connection is negative. Individual analysis of eleven GCGC recommendations reveals that for three of them, association with all performance measures is insignificant. Four (four) components are significantly positively negatively) connected with at least one performance measure. Most remarkably are some significantly negative associations between components and performance. Their existence might explain why the majority of empirical studies fail to find a significant connection between the GCGC at large and performance. As the group of single components found to be significant in the literature so far is quite inconsistent, further research questions emerge, such as whether there is some stability in the set of significant single components across performance measures, across countries, and through time. This study provides new impulse to both commissions setting up governance codes and to commercial providers of governance scores. In view of the significantly negative associations we found, an empirical quality inspection of the GCGC at large and of its components is recommended.
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|49 pages
|Date of creation:
|Apr 2008
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| Web page: http://www.hanseuni.com
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text: What a fantastic idea! Here we have the China German CN926811 sword swagger cane. In ordinary daily use this is a regular cane, but when it wants to play it turns into a menacing sword. All you have top do is unscrew the top and the blade is ready for use.At full length, there is 32 inches of tool in this product. The handle is made using an Antique Nickel finished metal handle that also has a Brass trim. The shaft is also Black finished metal and again has a decorative Antique Nickel finish throat and tip.Overall a wonderful concept and could prove very handy. The China German CN92681 sword swagger can has a 16 ½ inch blade. What a great idea. You can order today for fast shipping. If you have any questions whatsoever please do not hesitate to get in touch. The team here at hand-tools.com are waiting to take your call.


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Cold calling in the collections department
I am the sells manager at a collection agency. My job basically revolves around cold calling. I was wondering if anyone had in experience in this field. I am very new and I feel like a am swimming in a huge ocean with nothing but arm floaties trying to stay afloat. stcktng; . I guess I am just unsure of myself, any comments on how to get over this? I just dont know what to say to these people. I know everything about my company and have worked here forever, but I just dont know how to portray that in one call. When I am on the phone, I cant even get these people to ask me a question, I get my first sentence out and already they are like we are happy and not interested or give me the run around. Any suggestions at this point are welcomed! Thanks. - by Nikkie


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Eritrea: Familiennachzug über den Sudan in die Schweiz
16 June 2011 | Publisher: Swiss Refugee Council | Document type: Country Reports
Women's Asylum News: Issue No. 94, August 2010
August 2010 | Publisher: Asylum Aid | Document type: Country Reports
Greece: Irregular migrants and asylum-seekers routinely detained in substandard conditions
27 July 2010 | Publisher: Amnesty International | Document type: Country Reports


text: Team XPG proudly introduce this awesome mod tool for 'Ultimate Marvel VS Capcom 3' created by Team XPG, XPGObyto,Homura and xKrewella. This tool is exceptional and has options for both Xbox 360 and PS3 consoles. With this save editor you can easily mod things like 'Max PP' and amounts of wins plus much more! About Ultimate Marvel VS Capcom 3: Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3 is a crossover fighting game developed by Capcom. It is an updated version of Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds. After the events of the 2011 TÅhoku earthquake and tsunami disrupted the development schedule for downloadable content for the original game, the additional content was made into a standalone title for a discount retail price. Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3 was released in November 2011 for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 and was featured as a launch title for the PlayStation Vita in 2012. As of December 2013, the game sold 1.2 million units worldwide for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 File Name: [New][ Ultimate marvel vs capcom 3 Save Editor ][XPG] File Submitter: XPGOByto File Submitted: 01 May 2014 File Category: Xbox 360 Mod Tools File Screenshots: Save editor Options: Save Editor options Max PP Max Defis hard & Normal Max Gallery all items unlocked All Stats Offline & Leaderboard Selected any Titles you want no need for them to be Unlocked! Instructions: Extract game0 in 360Revolution Open game0 In save Editor Mode What you want Re injected game0 into 360Revolution Rehash & Resign Credits: Created By: XPGObyto & TEAM-XPG & xKrewella & HOMURA TeamXPG Sr - ADDZ - XPGObyto - Bullet - BxRKings - begallegal1 - - XPGSensi420 - GoldZ - alexkyori - f1l3gr3n - TeamXPG Dev - XPGAurora - RedHulk - techno - JohnAkaGoldGiver- T3fury - losparo - XPGRocky -AAWW- xKrewella - XPG DARK -Homura-Froody Download: Click here to download this file


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"Hey Teresa, can I buy you a beer?" This was a safe question in the mid-eighties. Beer was cheap. Miller or Bud, maybe a Heineken for an extra fifty cents. No getting blind-sided with a Dogfish Head IPA or a Troegs Mad Elf at eight bucks a bottle. It was a simpler time. Beer was refreshing, maybe a way to a buzz. For flavor, you ate food.
Part Blondie, part Patty Smith with a sprinkling of jazz thrown in. I never understood why Teresa didn't break out into a national act. Her recordings were clean and professional. Her stage presence, charismatic and assured. She was the real-deal. And she was playing in a shitty little bar to forty people. Half of them the group I came with. She was about to call it quits. But right now, she was having a beer – with me.
Before she packed it in, she rebooted. She took one last shot at stardom, at a music career. She created Urban Burlesque. An attempt to catch that metal/punk wave swelling at the end of the eighties. Bands like L7, an all-girl heavy metal group with a strong punk following. Joan Jett, rising from her ashes with yet another hit and now a heavy metal sound. Teresa put out a single, a pair of songs clearly worthy of airplay. She moved to California to make it big. And I never heard of her again.
Until recently.
And not for lack of effort.
Once the world wide web was up and running, anonymity became difficult. Everything is on the web. Anyone with any notoriety at all is on Wikipedia. My father, a mid-level government appointee for a few years under the George H.W. Bush administration has a Wiki page. Anyone who ever recorded anything, including my 9 year old son, is on Youtube. When I google myself, my life comes up. Past jobs, my resume, road-race times, quotes made to the newspaper. But not Teresa Gunn. Until very recently. It took almost two decades for her to show up.
Four years ago, I was certified as an indoor cycle instructor. I started an early morning spin class at a local fitness center. This entails coaching a one-hour workout two mornings per week, plus uncounted (and uncompensated) hours pulling together play-lists of songs for my classes. Mining through thousands of songs from my music collection, trying to create a fresh and motivating set of music. At age forty-eight, I was suddenly re-immersed in music in a way I haven't been for decades.
In the eighties – in my twenties – tape-mixing was one of my favorite pastimes. Hours spent splayed on the floor in front of my stereo. Recording songs from diverse bands in unrelated musical genres that nevertheless flow. Songs, once paired, seem as though they they have belonged together for eternity. Mixes to distract me on my morning commute. Mixes to keep me company on road-trips. And mixes to energize me on the way to races.
Over the past four years, I have sifted through and incorporated a vast and eclectic library of music. Pop hits, punk classics, country twang, classic rockers, show tunes, even kids' music. It is only natural that I would want to include some of my favorite songs from the eighties DC club scene. Songs that few have heard, yet remain some of the best music I know. The Slickee Boys' Jailbait Janet; Tru Fax and the Insaniacs' King of Machines; Martha and the Muffins' Echo Beach. These songs I've used. I bought them on Amazon.com. Teresa Gunn? She's not out there. The only Teresa Gunn songs I listened to for more than twenty years was the music I owned – that one Urban Burlesque single. And I've only listened to those two songs over the last few years. After I grabbed a turntable out of a recycling pile.
So she's been lost – at least to me. Each time I googled her name, I wouldn't find anything useful. A couple of old reviews, positive reviews, from DC's city paper. That's it. No videos on Youtube. No followup band. No greatest hits CD. Not even songs for sale on Amazon.com.
My assumption is that at the promising start of her career, Teresa expected fame and fortune. She expected to become a rock star. A real one, with more than a small local following in Washington, DC. She was doing more than creating art, more than jamming with her friends in a bar. She was living a lifestyle. Creating an image. She was hard at work, and watching less talented acts "make it" instead of her.
I know this feeling. My "art" is writing personal essays. Taking an arcane topic – like Teresa Gunn – and poking at it until it gels. Until it paints a picture. Often a picture of society, or a bit of society, but invariably a self-portrait as well. It's a popular format for long-form magazine articles, which is what I aspire to write. Frequently, I'll read an article and think "I can do better than that. I have done better than that." Like most artists, those of us who never transcend the art-as-a-hobby-phase, I wonder why a few break out, while I'm forced to keep my day job.
I'm not looking for fame or fortune. But I would like to make my living doing something I truly love. Change my avocation into a vocation, as the saying goes. I won't do this as a spin instructor. The ten or so people who regularly take my class cannot possibly support me and my family. But as a writer? Maybe that is a reasonable goal. And so I write.
This is about more than making some money. At age fifty-two, I'm feeling mortal. I'm wanting to leave a mark on the world. My footprint so far is very small, and not so deep. A wife, two children, small extended family, a handful of friends. Some, especially my wife, would argue that my dedicated career as the finance manager of a non-profit community center is enough of a mark to leave behind. That I have impacted a whole town. But to me it feels more like a job than a calling. Maybe I'm important to the organization, to the town, but I'm certainly replaceable. So I write.
A year or so ago, I found Teresa. Well, I found her website, and then I found her. We exchanged a few emails. I asked her where I could find her digital music. During this exchange, I learned about what she was now doing with her life. Because it is well written, I'm not going to try to improve on her biography:
In 1998 Teresa turned her artistry into social action through the founding of Musicians for Education, a collective of artists of the same heart and vision. She developed an original music program called "Street of Dreams". Street of Dreams has become a fully accredited high school to college bridge program for kids who are trapped in the juvenile justice system due to the generational effects of drug addiction, alcoholism and poverty. The children served by Street of Dreams come from homelessness, incarceration and foster care. Gunn's devotion to providing creative and educational support to children in the "system" has produced a highly innovative and successful arts-education model.
Failing as a rock star has let Teresa become a true star. The most important person in the lives of the kids who have graduated from her program. I still love her music, the few songs that I can find. Teresa pointed me to a handful posted on Youtube. One of my favorites, Sister Digs the Sharpies, has made its way into my spin class. My riders haven't commented on it yet, but in time they will. One of them will ask about it, and I'll spout off about how the great Teresa Gunn Group was the best that DC had to offer in the eighties. I might even mention Street of Dreams.
The lack of Teresa Gunn Group and Urban Burlesque on the internet is proof to me that Teresa has found something more important to her than her music. As a blogger, I understand self-absorption, self-promotion. This is where I live. Teresa doesn't do this, not with her prior rock-star life. She has moved on to something bigger, more important, more impactful. I doubt this is where she thought she would land, just as working in a community center isn't where I expected to be at this point. While I would love more Teresa Gunn music to listen to, Street of Dreams is clearly more important.
Check out the Music for Education/Street of Dreams website.


text: I have gotten pretty good at php, but it is time for a change. I want to concentrate on a new, more modern, and functional language, but I do not know which to choose from. I want the code to be of some value to the future. What I mean by this is that I want something that is going to be used commonly throughout the future like php. I commonly build web applications so I would like it to support http in some way, either by a cgi script or something else. What would you suggest considering this all? I have also seen a lot of things about go recently, is it worth the invested time and effort and will it do as I wish for now and the future? Thank you for your input.


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Balloons; Battery operated action toys; Board games; Card games; Collectable toy figures; Doll accessories; Doll clothing; Doll houses; Dolls; Electronic learning toys; Musical toys; Plush toys; Puppets; Puzzles; Stuffed toys; Talking toys
Business in New York, NY


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MOVIE SYNOPSIS [ General Audiences ] Feature film of Habeeb Lawal. Was presented to the public in 2014, it is a production of Nigeria. You can watch Veil of Silence online on TV cable or theaters with original audio in English at different dates. This film premiered in theaters in 2014.
Rating: 5 by 16 users./
Runtime: 36 minutes
Abayomi Aka, Dorothy Aken'ova, Johnny Matthew, Ifeanyi Orazuike, Adekemi Sekoni, Ayo Sogunro and Valentine Crown Tunbi.
Short film, Documental.
36-minute film (full movie) directed by Habeeb Lawal.
The original audio of Veil of Silence has dialogues in Dolby Digital, it was produced in Nigeria.
It premiered in cinemas or television in 2014.
Screenplay written by Habeeb Lawal.
Greg Harriott.
Habeeb Lawal, Tiers and Cristhian Andrews.
This film was produced and / or financed by Audacity Innovative.
Composed by Miles Bergsma, John DelVento and Cristhian Andrews.
Without commercial breaks, the full movie Veil of Silence has a duration of 36 minutes; the official trailer can be watched in streaming on the Internet. You can watch this full movie free in EnglishDolby Digital in movie TV channels, renting the DVD or with VoD services (Video On Demand player, Hulu) and PPV (Pay Per View, Netflix).
See the page of this full movie, Veil of Silence in FULLTV Movies.