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Just got back from Rome via AMS and ATL. I spent two extra days in an airport hotel due to being rescheduled by Hurricane Sandy. Ergo, I shall admit to crankiness, but I have to post the following somewhere:
Dear Everyone Who Carries On A Backpack:
Hi! Yesterday in my 24 hours of travel I was conked in the head or body checked by a backpack more times than I can count. If you are going to wear a backpack, be aware that IT EXTENDS OUT FROM YOUR BACK (duh!) and when you turn, people minding their own business are hit, whether you're in line or moving down the aisle of an airplane. Please be more considerate. Thanks.
Okay, I feel better.
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- 1 AVG $ Passwords Reset Contact $ 1800~681 7208 $ AVG Tec*h care 24*7
- 2 Very bad experience in AMS
- 4 Virgin Atlantic's "Virgin Redhead"!
- 5 JFK international terminal to domestic terminal - how much time?
- 6 $1500 to Europe economy in May- buy now or wait?
- 7 Changing Airlines at EWR
- 8 A horror story about Justfly
- 9 WOW bargain not so "wow"
- 10 Layover time in Los Angeles
- 11 AerLingus exit row
- 12 Global Entry application status question
- 14 Which option
- 15 First travel
- 16 Changing AA flight date
- 17 Advice - Want to sue Lufthansa
- 18 Scott's Cheap Flights
- 19 Connecting flight in heathrow--2 hours
- 20 United Mileage plus upgrade waitlist?
- 21 Narita or Haneda from LAX?
- 22 LH bid for Premium Economy
- 23 Round trip ticket - but skipping return flight
- 24 Flying to Montego Bay, need help with connecting flights?
- 25 Traveling with two passports, with different names.
Backpack Rant
Just got back from Rome via AMS and ATL. I spent two extra days in an airport hotel due to being rescheduled by Hurricane Sandy. Ergo, I shall admit to crankiness, but I have to post the following somewhere:
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I was standing in a crowd at the ferry terminal in Buenos Aires when a fellow (who looked of a certain age and did not appear to be a seasoned backpacker) turned around striking a woman in a wheelchair and me in turn. I said, "Sir, please be careful with your backpack. You just struck this woman and me." He replied, "Well, I didn't do it on purpose." Miffed by his lack of an apology, I responded, "We have a word for people like you in the United States. Defendant." He turned away very slowly.
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Glad your rant helped you to feel better. I feel your pain, as 'they' say - not the 'they' who wear the backpacks but the 'they' who are bashed by them.
And this is why many museums (and shops also) require people to check their backpacks, too. Not for fear of theft, as many people assume, but for fear of damage.
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A passenger with a large backpack struck the flight attendant very hard as they were boarding the plane. The flight attendant said something appropriate and the backpack wearer lost it, started screaming.Security came on board and in the end the backpacker was allowed to fly. I have been hit so many times and loved seeing this backpacker get it.We all bonded with the FA. Should big backpacks be carried on by hand?
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Dear everyone who takes a roll-abroad:
If you're going to pull or push a roll-abroad, please be aware that it extends many inches from your side. And your thing is heavy, even if it has wheels. You can roll over and kill a bunch of insects, small animals and even young humans.
And when you get aboard, please be aware that your roll-abroad is wider than the aisle. You will hit every single row of seats, left AND right and annoy the heck out of all people who've already seated. And it is actually oversized and will never fit the overheads.
Please be more considerate.
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Good point.
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You'll be happy to know that although I do carry on a rollaboard, I do carry it on. With the bag's handle, not the pull handle, sideways down the aisle.
And we've missed one: if you carry it on, be physically able to put it in the overhead bin. I don't want to help you put your stuff in the bin because you can't lift it.
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There is a simple remedy: Next time get s business class ticket.
But, seriously, while I subscribe to all rants above, what do you expect when you squeeze 300 people in a space smaller than your living room?
You can rant and complain as much as you want, but there will never ever be a way to transport that many people for so little money to each corner of the globe without making adjustments to your comfort zone.
Many people don't fly frequently and have their minds on a thousand things but their backpacks or rollaboards. Others are clumsy by nature. Or are nasty and inconsiderate by nature.
Honestly, after 50+ flights each year I have given up to get cranky about backpack bumpers, the little misses with her 200 pounds rollaboard, FAs who can't communicate in English, screaming kids, people with funny body odor, VIP attitude businessmen in eco invading my airspace with their huge newspapers, center seat occupants who think they own both armrests left and right, and so on and on..
Like with driving a car it usually helps to never expect anyone else to act properly.
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Well said cowboy. BTW someday HRHDHD you may not be able to lift your bag up to the bin. In any case helping someone who can't do this is just common courtesy. JM2C.
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And that brings up another question. Which seat is entitled to the two armrests---window, middle, or aisle seat?? I always defer to the middle-seat occupant because that location is the least desirable. I always sit on the aisle and my husband always sits by the window.
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Jeez, people, it's a rant. I am not going to stop traveling because of backpacks. Oy.
BTW, jacketwatch, when I can't lift my own bag is when I check it or pack less. Ever seen someone get conked on the head by a heavy bag someone else can't manage by himself or herself?
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I still say its common courtesy to help in that situation. Have a nice day.
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LOL i knew that the too heavy cabin luggage and the armrest issue would be good bait.
I am (thank god) still quite fit, but never have more on board than a 3kgs/ 6lbs small day pack.
To each his/her own but I am not going to the gym to accommodate other peoples' check-baggage-phobia.
If you can't lift it, check it. Or put it under the seat in front of you.
And yes, in real life I will help the petite misses with that kitchen sink in tow to lift up her half ton rollaboard in the bin, if only to get her in her seat and not block the aisle for half an hour trying to handle her kitchen sink and get that plane in the air.
But I never rant about it. Well, almost never.
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And, by the way.. If the two armrests belonged to the center seat, why would it be the least desirable one?
It is in fact possible to share the center armrests when the people sitting in the row adjust the angle of their arms accordingly. And not pop into the seats like Homer Simpson taking over the sofa at home.
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Thinking about all those little annoyances when flying economy class, which we always have to do, reminds me. Last month when checking in for our flight from Glasgow, Scotland, to Philadelphia, the U.S.Airways agent told us she was told she could upgrade someone to first class, and she had chosen us. No catch. No extra money. Oh my goodness. I had no idea what flying could be. The food, the drink, the space, the cushy seats, the really clean hardly used lavatories, the many and free movie selections. It was an almost magical 8 hours. It was back to reality for our Philly to Dallas.
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It is a world of difference. We flew business class ORD to Hong Kong and back from our miles. 15 hrs. Bring it!
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I'm sorry but I don't assist with overhead....my attitude is "you take it, you tote it." You are old?.. check it. Young...check it. No one ever opens a roll on in flight...no room - so put your stuff in your main luggage if you can't lift. I'm talking overseas flights, not local. Put your big boy/girl pants on and lift your own luggage or check it. Exception- mother flying alone with small kid/s and needs kid stuff. BTW it's never a roll on, always a soft bag.
Cowboy- like your attitude. You are funny.
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Well not to worry. FA 's help with this all the time. Like it or not its up to the airlines to have a policy and then to enforce it. A gal sitting next to me was not tall enough to hoist her bag to the bin. I helped just B4 a FA was about to. Either you do or you don't. We all have our reasons for or against. C'est la vie.
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Kinetics and equilibrium of the carbinol formation of phenolphthalein1 edition - first published in 1942
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First Aid/CPR/AED Certifications
Register for all American Red Cross FA/CPR/AED classes at Cary Street Gym service desk or through the MyRecSports portal.
All classes are open to VCU Students, Rec Sports members, and the community. They are held at Cary Street Gym in the Wet Classroom (lower lever by the Aquatic Center).
The Adult and Pediatric First Aid/CPR/AED blended course incorporates the latest science, teaching students to recognize and care for a variety of first aid emergencies such as burns, cuts, scrapes, sudden illnesses, head, neck, back injuries, heat and cold emergencies. The blended course features award-winning simulation learning – an interactive experience where you will respond to real-world emergencies in a virtual setting – which will prepare you for the instructor-led classroom skill session.
You will learn how to respond to breathing and cardiac emergencies to help victims of any age - adults (about 12 years and older) and pediatric (infants and children up to 12 years of age).
Students who successfully complete this course will receive a certificate for Adult and Pediatric First Aid/CPR/AED valid for two years.
Summer 2017 ARC FA/CPR/AED Blended Learning Course registration
Individuals needing Lifeguard certification or to recertify Lifeguard Training, CPR/AED or First Aid for Lifeguards click here.


text: If you're out and about on a mobile phone, it can be a real hassle to find a pen and paper. One of the greatest advantages of creating a mobile website is the ability to create a link that enables web visitors to click to dial a phone number. For an example of this feature, […] Read more »


text: Tickets are now on sale to support the 2017 Shop with a Cop program! Tickets cost $1.00 each or 6 for $5.00, with a prize drawing to be held on December 21, 2017. All proceeds go to needy children from this city. The children selected go shopping with a Police Officer on Saturday Dec 9, 2017. Each chosen child will be given approx. $150.00 to spend on whatever they wish. After shopping a pizza party will be held at the High School for the children.


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Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevailing health problem that seriously impacts quality of life. Current treatment options are less effective for patients having cavernous nerve (CN) injury or diabetes mellitus-related ED. These 2 types of ED are thus the main focus of past and current stem cell (SC) therapy studies. In a total of 16 studies so far, rats were exclusively used as disease models and SCs were mostly derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, or skeletal muscle. For tracking, SCs were labeled with LacZ, green fluorescent protein, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, DiI, bromodeoxyuridine, or 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine, some of which might have led to data misinterpretation. SC transplantation was done exclusively by intracavernous (IC) injection, which has been recently shown to have systemic effects. Functional assessment was done exclusively by measuring increases of IC pressure during electrostimulation of CN. Histological assessment usually focused on endothelial, smooth muscle, and CN contents in the penis. In general, favorable outcomes have been obtained in all trials so far, although whether SCs had differentiated into specific cell lineages remains controversial. Recent studies have shown that intracavernously injected SCs rapidly escaped the penis and homed into bone marrow. This could perhaps explain why intracavernously injected SCs had systemic antidiabetic effects and prolonged anti-ED effects. These hypotheses and the differentiation-versus-paracrine debate require further investigation.
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevailing health problem that seriously impacts the quality of life of men and their spouses or partners [1]. In the United States alone, an estimated 30 million men suffer from different degrees of ED [2]. The majority of ED patients can now be treated satisfactorily with phosphodiesterase type-5 (PDE5) inhibitors, such as sildenafil (Viagra; Pfizer Inc., New York, NY), vardenafil (Levitra; Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany), and tadalafil (Cialis; Lily-ICOS, Indianapolis, IN) [3]. However, PDE5 inhibitors are strictly contraindicated with concomitant nitrates because of the danger of their synergistic hypotensive effects [3]. PDE5 inhibitors are known to cause a variety of adverse side effects that may reduce their suitability for some patients [3]. More importantly, PDE5 inhibitors are only partially effective in treating certain types of ED including those associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and surgery-induced CN injuries (mainly due to radical prostatectomy) [3]. As such, alternative treatments, particularly those that can treat the underlying disease process of ED, are highly desirable. In this regard, one of the strategies currently being evaluated is stem cell (SC) therapy.
Despite being conventionally classified in the urinary system, the penis is in fact a vascular organ. The penile corpora cavernosa are composed of sinusoids that are lined with a single layer of endothelial cells (ECs) and are surrounded by multiple layers of circular and longitudinal cavernous smooth muscle cells (CSMCs) (Fig. 1). In the flaccid penis, CSMCs are in a contracted state and maintain a small amount of blood flow in and out of the sinusoids. When a man is sexually aroused, nitric oxide (NO) is released from terminal fibers of cavernous nerves (CNs) and enters the neighboring CSMCs, resulting in CSMC relaxation. Blood rushes in as a consequence and engorges the sinusoids, leading to the initial phase of penile erection. Maintenance of erection, that is, continued CSMC relaxation, is believed to derive from additional NO release from the sinusoidal ECs. The further sinusoidal engorgement causes the compression of venules located between the trabeculae and the tunica albuginea, resulting in nearly total occlusion of venous outflow. This combination of sinusoidal engorgement and venous occlusion leads to the full erection of the penis [4]. Thus, structurally, the key components of erection are the ECs, CSMCs, and CN [more specifically, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-positive nerves], and functionally, accurate interactions among these 3 constituents are critical. In different types of ED, these structures and/or interactions are often altered, as described briefly in the following text.
The purpose of a radical prostatectomy is to remove the cancerous prostate; however, the procedure can damage the CN, which run alongside the prostate [5]. The short-term consequence of CN injury is neurogenic ED, which is reversible, whereas the long-term consequence is atrophy of CSMCs, which can lead to irreversible ED [6]. In men with DM, the high blood glucose also causes reduction of CN, EC, and CSMC contents [7]. In men with hyperlipidemia, impaired EC function is well documented, but whether it is accompanied with structural changes is not as certain [7]. In our recent studies we have quantified structural changes in the penises of rats with CN injury, type 2 DM (T2DM), and hyperlipidemia [8–10]; these changes are summarized in Fig. 2. Note that hyperlipidemia was induced by high-fat feeding, and T2DM by high-fat feeding plus streptozotocin injection. High-fat feeding causes increased CSM content in the rat [10], and this may have compensated the CSM loss that is usually associated with DM, resulting in the preservation of CSM in the T2DM rats [8].
SCs are believed to be able to differentiate into various cell types including ECs, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), Schwann cells, and neurons [11]. Therefore, SC therapy for ED was originally based on the hypothesis that transplantation of SCs into penis through intracavernous (IC) injection might replenish the depleted EC and/or CSMC pools. However, in published studies whether cellular differentiation occurred in the treated animals is controversial and will be discussed in more details in a later section under Histological assessment. On the other hand, there were also considerations that IC transplanted SCs might encourage the regeneration of the host's own ECs and CSMCs or might restore proper interactions between ECs and SMCs. In other words, paracrine actions as opposed to cellular differentiation are responsible for SCs' therapeutic efficacy, and based on several of our studies in both ED and non-ED fields, this seems to be the main mechanism [12].
With regard to restoring damaged CN, it should be pointed out that the nerve cell bodies are located in the major pelvic ganglia (MPG) some distance away from the penis. As such, in the first SC-for-ED study, SCs were injected into the MPG of one group of CN injury rats, and the results showed improved erectile function [13]. Importantly, in the same study, SCs were also injected into the penis of another group of CN injury rats, and similar results were obtained. This finding is cited as basis for using IC injection in the next SCs for CN injury study [14], and since then this injection method has been apparently accepted as legitimate, although no one knew how it worked until now (see Stem cell transplantation section).
There are currently 16 publications in the field of SC therapy for ED (Table 1). Five additional publications tested SC transplantation without assessing erectile function and are thus not SC therapy per se.
A clinical trial of SC therapy for ED has been carried out in Korea [25]. In this study, 7 T2DM men ranging from 57 to 87 years of age were each treated with IC injection of 15 million allogeneic umbilical cord blood SCs. Morning erection was regained in 3 patients within 1 month and in 6 patients within 3 months. However, despite having increased penile rigidity, none was able to achieve vaginal penetration unless aided by taking sildenafil before coitus. During 11-month follow-up, only one treated subject maintained erection sufficient for coitus. Interestingly, SC therapy appears to have antidiabetes effects as all treated subjects except the oldest had reduced blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels. These results provide further evidence not only for the frequently observed antidiabetes effects of SCs but also for IC injection being a systemic application as we recently reported (see Stem cell transplantation section). Also noteworthy is that, despite being allogeneic in the absence of immunosuppressant, SC transplantation did not cause any adverse effects, thus providing further evidence for the immunosuppressive effects of SCs.
A typical preclinical trial of SC therapy for ED is schematically depicted in Fig. 3. It involves the isolation, cultivation, sorting, and modification of SCs, followed by labeling them with a cell-tracking agent. The labeled SCs were then injected into the corpus cavernosum (IC injection) of an ED animal model. Weeks or months later, the animals are tested for erectile function, usually by measurement of increases in intracavernous pressure (ICP) during electrostimulation of CN. The animals are then sacrificed for histological assessment of corpus cavernosum and tracking of injected SCs.
Rat is the most commonly used animal in ED research and was used in all preclinical SC-for-ED studies thus far. Underscoring clinical needs, CN injury and DM are the most commonly tested disease models. CN injury, tested in 7 studies, was induced by either crush or resection of CN bilaterally. T2DM patients outnumber T1DM patients 9 to 1, yet most experimental studies chose T1DM over T2DM. This is due to the fact that T1DM can be easily induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, whereas T2DM is more difficult to induce or requires the purchase of costly genetically modified animals. So, in SC-for ED field, T1DM model was used in 3 studies and T2DM in 1. Aging-related ED is largely manageable with PDE5 inhibitors, so SC studies in this category (a total of 3) were most likely motivated by not requiring any special treatment on the animal. Finally, hyperlipidemia-associated ED, which requires feeding animals with costly high-fat diet, was used in one study.
Types of SCs that have been used in experimental ED treatment (number of studies in brackets) are bone marrow (6), adipose (5), skeletal muscle (2), embryonic (1), endothelial progenitor (1), and umbilical cord blood (1, a clinical trial). Some studies have provided reason for choosing 1 particular SC type over the other; however, personal preferences and/or preexisting circumstances (eg, prior experience with a particular type of SC) probably played bigger roles than sound scientific rationales did. In any case, the pros and cons of various types of SCs can be found abundantly elsewhere and will not be discussed here.
Nearly all transplantations were done either autologously or allogeneically, the single exception being from mouse to rat. The transplanted cell number averages around 1 million per recipient rat. Most studies (total of 10) employed unmodified SCs, whereas others used SCs that were transfected or fractionated or in combination with other agents. Transfection or fractionation inevitably introduces risk factors (eg, virus) into the system and/or substantially reduces the number of treatment cells. Thus, knowing that the majority of studies employed unmodified SCs with satisfactory outcomes, the need to use modified or sorted SCs requires additional evidence.
A wide variety of methods have been used to monitor the distribution and survival of transplanted SCs. In SC-ED field, 2 studies by the same group of researchers transplanted human SCs to rats; therefore, cell tracking was done by the identification of human-specific nuclear protein. However, these studies did not assess erectile function and thus will not be discussed further. All other SC-ED studies used cells labeled with LacZ, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), green fluorescent protein (GFP), DiI (also known as PKH-26), bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), or 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU). Because the accuracy of data interpretation depends on the reliability of these labeling methods, potential problems are summarized below.
LacZ is a bacterial gene that encodes β-galactosidase (β-gal); however, many mammalian cells and tissues contain endogenous β-gal, making the detection of LacZ-transfected cells after their transplantation technically challenging [34]. GFP is a protein from jellyfish. However, because of autofluorescence in mammalian tissues, GFP detection can seem like "seeing the wood through the trees" [35]. DAPI binds to DNA noncovalently; therefore, it can leak from labeled cells after transplantation and be adsorbed by host cells, resulting in false-positive detection [36]. DiI binds to cell membrane noncovalently and can leak from transplanted cells to host cells. In addition, because of DiI's cytotoxicity, transplanted cell preparations may contain debris of dead cells. Adsorption of this DiI-labeled debris by host cells can lead to false-positive identification [37–41]. BrdU is incorporated into newly synthesized DNA and such labeled cells are detected with anti-BrdU antibody. However, the immnodetection of BrdU requires harsh treatment of tissue samples, resulting in distorted histological images [42]. In addition, the denaturing treatment can cause loss of antigenicity of cellular proteins, making it impossible to detect cellular differentiation through immunohistochemical colocalization of cell type-specific protein. Even if the protein of interest survives the denaturing treatment, it is still difficult to identify the BrdU label with confidence, because its brown color cannot be easily distinguished from the purplish nuclear stain [43]. EdU is a newer thymidine analog and is detected by a simple chemical reaction that requires no special tissue treatment [42]. However, similar to BrdU, if a labeled cell is replicative after transplantation, its EdU label gets diluted with each round of cell division. So, long-term detection of transplanted cells is possible only if the cells are relatively quiescent. In our experience with EdU-labeled adipose-derived SCs (ADSCs), their detection in transplanted tissue is possible for at least 5 months after transplantation.
Before the introduction of PDE5 inhibitors, which are taken orally, IC injection of erectogenic agents was the most effective treatment for ED [4]. Indeed, even nowadays patients who do not respond to or cannot take PDE5 inhibitors are still prescribed with IC injection of vasodilators. As this route of drug administration targets the organ of failure directly, it is commonly believed that IC injection is a locally applied intervention. However, we have observed that IC injected growth factors were able to restore erectile function through repair of damaged CN, whose cell bodies reside in the MPG [44–46]. Further, in our first SC-for-ED study, we observed that intracavernously injected SCs could treat CN injury-related ED [13], and all subsequent studies using different types of SCs confirmed the validity of this injection method for treating CN injury-related ED. Together, these data strongly suggest that IC injection is systemic in nature.
In all of our published SC-for-ED studies we reported difficulties in finding the transplanted SCs in penile tissues even though the animals clearly demonstrated functional and structural improvements [13,22,23,26]. In studies published by others, intracavernously injected SCs were similarly difficult to find. In one of our studies we examined the presence of SCs in the penis at 2, 14, and 28 days after IC injection; the results clearly showed a time-dependent decline of the number of SCs [23]. In our recent studies we conducted more definitive quantitative analyses and the results showed that the majority of intracavernously injected SCs exited the penis within 1 day [32,33]. Further, in 1 of these 2 studies we showed that intracavernously injected SCs preferentially traveled to the bone marrow [32]; in the other we found that intracavernously injected SCs also traveled to the MPG of CN injury rats, and this appears to be mediated by upregulated SDF-1 in the MPG [33]. Together, these data suggest that (i) IC injection is essentially like intravenous (IV) injection—because of the fact that the cavernous sinusoids are essentially bundled venules (Fig. 1), (ii) the therapeutic efficacy of SCs for CN injury is due to SC trafficking to the MPG, (iii) systemically (IC or IV) applied SCs home-in to bone marrow, in support of the concept that mesenchymal SCs originate from bone marrow, and (iv) home-in of SCs to bone marrow may permit establishment of SC reservoirs for sustained regenerative and/or repair activities.
In animal experimentation, the most commonly used method for functional assessment of erection is measurement of intracavernous pressure (ICP) during electrostimulation of CN. This procedure requires laparotomy followed by sacrificing the animals; therefore, it is done near the end (most commonly at 1 month post-treatment) of a preclinical trial. As mentioned in the Rationale for Using SC Therapy section earlier, sexual stimulation triggers CN to release NO, which then causes CSMC relaxation and sinusoidal engorgement. In animal experiments, stimulation of CN with electric current mimics sexual stimulation and causes an increase of ICP that can approach systemic blood pressure, depending on the amperage of the applied electric current. Typically, at settings of 1.5mA, 20Hz, and pulse width 0.2ms, the electrostimulation causes an increase of ICP (in cmH2O) from a baseline of 20 to around 100 in normal rats. In ED rats, the rise is usually to around 30, and a successful SC treatment usually restores the value to about 70.
At the end of functional assessment, penile tissues are commonly prepared for examination by immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. The purposes of these examinations are to (i) locate transplanted SCs, (ii) correlate structural with functional changes, and (iii) identify possible SC differentiation. Localization of transplanted cells was discussed earlier under Cell labeling section. Assessment of structural changes invariably focuses on the 3 key components that regulate penile erection, ECs, CSMCs, and CN. ECs are commonly identified with antibodies against rat endothelial cell antigen, CD31, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and/or von Willebrand factor (vWF). CSMCs are most commonly detected with anti-smooth muscle actin (anti-SMA) antibody. The most functionally relevant marker for CN is nNOS, as it identifies NO-releasing nerve fibers.
The concept of SC therapy was originally based on the premise that SCs have the ability to differentiate into various cell lineages. Thus, most SC therapy studies have strived to identify such events by checking whether the labeled SCs express cell type-specific proteins such as CD31 for ECs and SMA for CSMCs. So, it is obvious that the accurate identification of cell differentiation depends on the reliability of the SC trait/label, the differentiated cell marker, and the histological image. As discussed earlier in the Cell labeling section, with the exception of EdU, cell labels that have been employed in SC-ED studies cannot be detected with confidence. Moreover, histological images presented in most SC-ED studies are of low resolution and thus difficult to judge whether the so-called protein expression is indeed cellularly localized. In our experience, seemingly colocalized stains at low magnification often turned out not to be cellularly associated when viewed at higher magnifications (eg, 1,000×). Thus, it is crucial that claims of cell differentiation be backed by clearly discernable histological images.
As CN injury- and DM-related ED patients are less responsive to PDE5 inhibitors, these 2 types of ED will continue to be the main targets for future research. Current CN injury rat models have been well characterized and are clinically relevant; they can thus continue to be used for future SCs for ED research. On the other hand, current DM models either are too costly or do not adequately represent clinical situations. To mitigate these problems, we recently established an inexpensive T2DM rat model that exhibits ED symptoms and penile structural changes that resemble those of T2DM patients [8]. This model can thus generate more clinically relevant data in future SC-ED studies.
With regard to choosing a particular SC type, it is important to consider what is most practically applicable in clinical situations. At present, ADSCs is the only cell type that can be isolated and autologously transplanted on a same-day basis. Further, several devices for automated isolation of ADSCs are now commercially available. Thus, in terms of cost, risks, ethics, expediency, and effectiveness, ADSCs should compete very favorably. The most significant risk—promotion of tumor growth—is shared by different types of SCs and requires further research.
As we have now demonstrated that IC injection is similar to IV injection [32], it is advisable that future SC-ED studies examine the systemic distribution of the transplanted SCs. This of course requires that the cells be labeled with a reliable tracking dye. In our experience with many commonly employed dyes such as BrdU, DiI, DAPI, GFP, and EdU, we have found that labeling with EdU is the easiest and most reliable. With regard to SC distribution, we advise the examination of bone marrow as SCs seem to have a tendency to travel there. What do these SCs do in bone marrow is the next question that needs to be addressed. Specifically, do they play any role in terms of short-term and long-term therapeutic efficacy? Finally, the issue of cellular differentiation versus paracrine action needs to be further investigated. To do so, first, it is important to know that, although cellular differentiation is a presumed SC property, it does not have to happen in order for SC to exert therapeutic effects. With this concept in mind, then, a reliable tracking dye is used to label the SCs, followed by generating high-quality high-resolution histological images, and it should be possible to make accurate and unbiased interpretations.
This work was supported by grants from the Arthur Rock Foundation and the National Institutes of Health (DK045370).
No competing financial interests exist.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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Reno 1868 FC
The Earthquakes and Reno 1868 FC agreed to a multi-year United Soccer League affiliation agreement in June 2016, ahead of the team's inaugural season of 2017. 1868 FC's home matches take place at Greater Nevada Field in Reno, Nevada, also home to Minor League Baseball's Reno Aces. Greater Nevada Field features a natural grass surface and more than 9,000 seats.
The affiliation allows the Earthquakes expanded opportunities for player development, talent identification and rehabilitation and loan assignments, while managing the technical direction of Reno 1868 FC. The Quakes lead all aspects of soccer operations, while Reno oversees the business side, including corporate partnerships, ticket sales and marketing.
Burlingame Dragons FC
Burlingame Dragons FC has been the official Premier Development League affiliate of the San Jose Earthquakes since Dec. 2014. The PDL season consists of 14 regular season matches for each team, played primarily over the summer months, and provides elite collegiate players the opportunity to compete against a higher level of competition while maintaining their NCAA and NAIA eligibility. In addition to league play, PDL teams compete in the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup.
Dragons FC currently competes in the Central Pacific Division of the Western Conference and play their home matches at Burlingame High School, about 30 miles north of Avaya Stadium. The team is largely comprised of Earthquakes Academy products, local collegiate players and young international prospects that all aspire to play at a higher level. The PDL is often times used as an MLS club's final opportunity to get a first-hand look at a player's development as an amateur prior to exploring a Homegrown Player contract or SuperDraft selection.


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In the month-long Sunday of August, it's normal to feel anxiety creeping in. Especially when some folks still need convincing that Black Lives Matter. Especially when Donald Trump, with his blood-fear, has been saturating the media and you're scared half-to-death of the rest of the imminent sexism bound for us this election season.
When I feel like I've got to hold on tight, I turn to the Tulsi Elixir brewed by Dandelioness Herbals. This Ayervedic medicinal herb, commonly known as holy basil, is known to keep you balanced and your energy vital. Plus it tastes good. Dana L Woodruff is the feminist herbalist behind Dandelioness, and she knows that staying balanced is a necessity for community healing. She makes a wonderful activist self-care kit, an elixir for the heart, an elixir to calm the rage, and much more. You can stay up-to-date on her insights and workshops, including one on decolonizing herbalism and one on menstrual health for all ages, at her Facebook page.
I encourage you to support Dandelioness, or your local herbalist, but if you're strapped for cash, you can always make your own holy basil tincture. Rosemary Gladstar recommends that you:
- Pack a quart jar full with holy basil leaves.
- Fill the jar with 80-proof alcohol (Dandelioness uses brandy. She also adds local Vermont honey.)
- Put on the lid and shake gently.
- Set it on a windowsill and let it steep for 3-4 weeks.
- Strain and rebottle.
- Take half a teaspoon of the tincture twice daily.


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(Page 2 of 2)
X: What is being done to make sure the state's money is being well-spent?
SWB: All of the things that I've mentioned earlier:
• Actively listening to the life sciences community so that our choices about priorities represent the voice of our "customers"
• Working closely with key industry and academic organizations, including the Massachusetts Biotechnology Council, the Massachusetts Technology Collaborative, MassMEDIC, the Council of Boston Teaching Hospitals and regional economic development groups
• Setting priorities and focusing our investments
• Fostering open communications regarding our priorities and decision making criteria
• Relying on the expertise of our Scientific Advisory Board, Board of Directors (including our co-chairs, Secretary of Housing and Economic Development, Daniel O'Connell and Secretary of Administration and Finance Leslie Kirwan and their solid, experienced teams)
• Building a highly seasoned, professional team at the Center
• Seeking input from our advisory partners including our Regional Technology Innovation Centers and 18-member Advisory Committee, as well as from other regional partners
• Learning from the best practices, and mistakes, of other state initiatives
• Ensuring that we'll have performance metrics to demonstrate our accomplishments and goals
X: What rules, procedures, or committees need to be set up before this can be fully up and running?
SWB: Our Board of Directors and Scientific Advisory Boards are in place. The legislation also calls for an Advisory Board to be appointed by the Governor. The SAB is using a modified version of the review process followed by NIH reviewers, so we're following the gold standard. But we are planning a review with the SAB and Board of Directors of our first rounds of grants to see how well this pilot process worked and what could be improved. We will be collaborating with the Department of Revenue to answer questions concerning the tax incentives and with our colleagues in the Executive Office of Administration and Finance, the Massachusetts Office of Business Development and Massachusetts Financing for Development to determine what the criteria should be for becoming a "certified life sciences project/company." We also need to develop funding criteria other than those for scientific merit, because an important part of our mission is to invest dollars that will drive economic development. We're on a fast track to get these criteria developed.
X: When can we expect the first grant announcements, or infrastructure projects to begin?
SWB: We already have awarded in July $7 million in grants—our matching grants for Young Investigators and New Faculty Start-Up positions. We have a third round of Matching Grants for Collaboration that we'll announce in September. Applications for these grants are in and our peer-review panel will be scoring them this month before the Scientific Advisory Board reviews them and makes its recommendations to the MLSC Board.
As well, in October, 2007, the MLSC Board of Directors voted to provide first year funding, in the amount of $8.2 million, for a new Stem Cell Bank and Stem Cell Registry at UMass Medical School. We expect announcements on both of those important projects in the coming months and are excited about the work that we have helped to support there.
X: What's the greatest potential pitfall with a program like this, and what is being done to prevent it from happening?
SWB: The greatest potential pitfall is trying to do too much, so that the life sciences initiative doesn't really end up accomplishing anything meaningful. As I mentioned earlier, we are actively involving the life sciences community in helping us determine what an organization like the MLSC can do that would make a difference and what our priorities should be for our first years under the new initiative.
X: What do you consider the key measurements for success in five to 10 years?
SWB: Obviously we will need to demonstrate that we've helped created jobs and revenue for the state. It will be important to demonstrate that we've helped companies grow here and have attracted companies to come and do business in Massachusetts. It would be wonderful if we could point to some of the projects that we've supported and show that they led to major break-throughs in treatments or even resulted in cures.
Coming from Abt Bio-Pharma Solutions, which specializes in developing impact metrics to guide decision making, it is critically important to me that we have a formalized process of measuring and monitoring our impact. I've been reaching out to some of the colleges and universities, consulting firms and institutes both in Massachusetts and around the country for input and advice on the best ways to measure the economic and social benefits that are created by life sciences investments. I'm getting great excitement about this because the MLSC provides an opportunity to engage some of the Commonwealth's economists, business school faculty and statisticians in thinking about the types of indicators that reflect the "success" of this type of initiative. The Massachusetts health reform initiative already is a national model, so why not the Massachusetts life sciences initiative as well? Hopefully, we'll be a case study that is read in schools around the country for years to come!
X: What's the best piece of advice you've gotten so far?
SWB: Be as transparent as you can in your decision making. Everyone won't agree with all of the decisions made by the MLSC, but if the Center's priorities and decision making criteria are clear, the Center can achieve respect for its process and investment choices.


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"…we need the fastest, most reliable ways to move people, goods, and information – from high-speed rail to high-speed internet."
"Within 25 years, our goal is to give 80% of Americans access to high-speed rail, which could allow you go places in half the time it takes to travel by car."
"Within the next five years, we will make it possible for business to deploy the next generation of high-speed wireless coverage to 98% of all Americans. This isn't just about a faster internet and fewer dropped calls. It's about connecting every part of America to the digital age."
-President Barack Obama
State of the Union Address, January 25th, 2011
"The President understands that America needs a sustainable federal transportation program that helps state departments of transportation modernize and maintain our nation's transportation systems, and creates jobs during a critical moment in our nation's economic recovery."
–John Horsley, President, American Association of State Highway & Transportation Officials
"The President's remarks that 'Within 25 years, our goal is to give 80 percent of Americans access to high-speed rail' are commendable and we stand ready to assist in this planning and the TOD that should accompany it."
–Reconnecting America
"We applaud President Obama's State of the Union call for smart, targeted transportation investments that connect all Americans to opportunity."
–Equity Caucus at Transportation for America
-"We were thrilled to hear the President come right out and say that investment in transportation and other infrastructure is central to rebuilding and growing our economy…An upfront investment in the most needed, clean transportation projects is a great opportunity to create near-term jobs and lay the groundwork for the future economy."
–James Corless, Director, Transportation for America
"It's notable that Obama listed infrastructure third in a series with economic innovation and education, listing the strategies the country needs to use to return to its position as a global superpower. It'll be up to advocates and supporters of sustainable, efficient transportation to keep pushing the administration – and, more importantly, Congress – for the kind of infrastructure investment and innovative reform the country needs."
–Tanya Snyder, Streetsblog Capitol Hill
"The president's infrastructure initiative is substantial, but more important, it will make a difference for generations to come…He knows that infrastructure is about even more than roads, bridges and buildings; it's about creating jobs, growing the economy and building the future."
–Edward G. Rendell, Former Pennsylvania Governor
Tags: Barack Obama, Edward G. Rendell, Equity Caucus at Transportation for America, James Corless, Obama Administration, Policylink, President Obama, Reconnecting America, State of the Union, Tanya Snyder


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The Helpdesk ISSC (ICT Shared Service Centre) provides support to all users of the academic workplace. You can contact the Helpdesk with all your questions about the University ICT services, the ICT environment and software. Of course you can also contact the Helpdesk to request a change or to report a problem.
- Contact Central Helpdesk
- Contact Service Locations
- Locations for a new password
- Handling your request
- ICT contact person
- Telephony co-ordinator
Contact Central Helpdesk
All customer questions and reports are recorded with a unique call number in the incident database. The helpdesk provides this call number to you. Referencing to the call number, you can inquire about the status of your incident or change. For urgent matters please call the helpdesk at ext 8888. For less urgent matters and change requests you can e-mail your question to the helpdesk. The e-mail is read daily, but at busy times sometimes it can take longer than one day before you receive an answer to your question.
|Monday / Friday
|Niels Bohrweg 1
|Phone: 071-527 8888
|2333 CA Leiden
|Fax: 071-527 6967
Contact Service Locations
Below is a list of all ICT service locations for the University of Leiden
|Pieter de la Court
|Monday / Friday
|Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden
|1st floor next to Service Desk
|Monday / Friday
|Steenschuur 25, Leiden
|ground floor, room A009
|Monday / Friday
|Cleveringaplaats 1, Leiden
|ground floor
|Monday / Friday
|Einsteinweg 55, Leiden
|1st floor, room L103
|071 - 527 8888
|071 - 527 6967
All locations of Leiden University can be found here.
Locations for a new password
There are a number of locations where you can obtain a new password:
- Faculty of Governance and Global Affairs (Servicedesk, Schouwburgstraat, ground floor & Library Learning Centre, Wijnhaven building, second floor)
- FSW (ISSC, 1st floor)
- Gorlaeus balie (1st floor, L103)
- LUMC (helpdesk)
- KOG balie (ISSC, ground floor)
- Lipsius balie (ISSC, ground floor)
- Plexus (student desk, ground floor)
- Universiteits Bibliotheek (library desk)
- Snellius (through the reception)
Please note that you will be asked to show an identity document.
All locations of Leiden University can be found here.
Handling your request
Questions about the ICT environment and standard university programmes can generally be answered straight away by the Helpdesk. As well as this, the Helpdesk staff are able to manage your computer remotely so that problems can be resolved quickly at the workplace.
Questions of a more specialist nature will be referred by the Helpdesk to a specialist group. This is a group of people who are specialists in a particular field. Specialist groups may be within the ISSC, within a different part of the university or at an external supplier.
ICT contact person
Not all requests that come directly to the Helpdesk can be handled immediately. In most cases, any modifications to your workplace (hardware and software) require the approval of your ICT contact person. Once this approval has been given, we can start to deal with your request.
You can find an up-to-date list of ICT contact persons here
Telephony co-ordinator
Changes or requests relating to telephony can be addressed to your telephony co-ordinator. He or she can give approval, if necessary, for name changes or can authorise changes in traffic class.
You can find an up-to-date list of telephony co-ordinators here


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Bible Readings: Genesis 28:10-19a, Psalm 139: 1-12, 23-24, Romans 8:12-25, Matthew 13:24-30, 36-43.
About the Image:
Upper Left: This image is a free microsoft clipart on to which I put the Biblical text
Upper Right: This is a Heartlight free image - see my links column at left. I think this image is fascinating - I can spend hours looking at it.
Lower Left: This is my image of Ninety Mile Beach in East Gippsland and was one of the images I used with the meditation/prayer below.
Lower Right: A free image from the Hermano Leon site - see my link column at left.
Listening Song: Live For You
By Rachael Lampa on her album of the same name (pictured at left) or on WOW 2001.This goes particularly well as a response to the Old Testament reading.
Listening Song: I've Always Loved You
By Third Day on their album Time (pictured at right). This goes beautifully with the psalm.
Discussion to introduce Genesis reading
Show a group of road signs (go, stop, detour, u turn, danger, caution, rough road ahead etc) and ask people to pick which one best describes their relationship with God at the moment. Reassure them that there are no wrong answers because our relationship with God is also a journey. Jacob could have used every one of the road signs at some time or another of his life. Ask them to share their road sign with a neighbour.
Film Clip: Shrek
Show the clip (below) near the end of the film when Shrek sees the Princess when she is herself. Connect this with the psalm and how God sees us as we really are and loves us.
Drama: A Tare-ible Quarrel
Found in Let's Make Another Scene by Verena Johnson, Open Book Publishers, 1995, ISBN 0859107620, page 48 (pictured at right). This is based on the gospel reading.
Discussion: A Tare-ible Quarrel and the Matthew passage
1.Is there a lesson here for us as a church?
2. Why are we unable to judge who are wheat and who are weeds?
3. What does Matthew reading tell us about church purity?
4. What does Matthew teach us about human accountability?
5. What injustice makes you angry?
Prayer: Midday Prayer
From A New Zealand Prayer Book and found in Imaging the Word Volume 2 by Susan A. Blain, Sharon Iverson Glouwens, Catherine O'Callaghan, Grant Spradling (Eds.), United Church Press, 1995, ISBN 0829810331, page 245 (pictured at left). This goes well with the gospel.
Meditation: Midday Prayer
Project the above prayer with images and the music, Amerigin's Invocation, from the album Immortal Memory by Lisa Gerrard and Patrick Kennedy (pictured at left).


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Creative cards for happier holidays. Buy 8, save 20%. Buy 16, save 30%.
Pastel on Sanded PaperORIGINAL SOLD
newcastle pastel sea beach seascape beachscape
Beautiful work – so colourful and happy :)
Thanks Tash – I'm glad you like it :)
so gold and turquoise, so summer!
It certainly is an Aussie summer :)
Excellent aerial perspective, Carole!
Thank you George – It is a view looking down from the cliff above the beach :)
That's awesome. Thanks Maria :)
beautifully sunny and happy!
Thank you Juliane :)
That's really cool! Love the colours, love composition.Congrats on the feature. Well deserved.
Thank you so much Colombe
Thank you :)
You are a fabulous Painter!
Thank you so much :)
beautiful work!
Thanks heaps :)
Thank you so much Stephanie :)
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WA Girl Scouts Reject Huge Donation From Anti-Transgender Benefactor
It would have been 25% of their entire annual fundraising goal, but officials said it was an easy decision to make.
It would have been 25% of their entire annual fundraising goal, but officials said it was an easy decision to make.
Properly folding a fitted sheet: like trying to figure out why the Kardashians are famous, it's one of life's biggest mysteries. Well, fret no more, because here's the secret.
As we start off a new year, perhaps you or your family are facing some questions about a loved one who's in need of some assistance. Or maybe that person is looking for a change. Their home is too much to keep up, but they still want to be active and pursue their interests and activities with other active people.
We recently told you about a new study that listed the 10 best cities in Washington to raise a child that snubbed eastern Washington.
If you believe the "experts," you wouldn't want to live out your golden years in our state, or just over the border.
According to PR Newswire -- a company that compiles and shares data -- Americans reportedly trust the judges they watch on TV court shows more than the Supreme Court...
Dogs, as the saying goes, are man's best friend, so it's only right and logical that we might want to spend some quality time with our buds. Walks in the park and tossing the Frisbee on the beach are great, but if you really want to engage the human-canine relationship—and have a really good time while you're at it—you might want to think about setting up a dog agility course in your backyard or garden.
Last night the National Weather service issued severe weather warning's all around the Tri-Cities and lucky for us the bad weather missed us all together. Check out my photo's from Terra Blanca winery last night.


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|Click to buy from my affiliate account at Powell's
The first half of the book is slow, and a lot of the set up seems unnecessarily detailed in places, while glossing over other plot points. Also, the language seems unnatural and pretentious at times, especially in dialogue, and the academic voice really only works in some of the more reflective prose. The second half of the book picks up and becomes much more readable, and Davidson does do some interesting things with narrative in this section, which is told by the character Lucy, in the form of a police deposition. The end of the book is hasty, and there are many plot reveals in short succession without the care that is given to some seemingly insignificant details earlier in the narrative.
Overall, the book didn't work for me, although parts of it were almost there. I recommend it for people that are seriously interested in a literary representation of game theory.
Title: The Magic CircleAuthor: Jenny Davidson
Publisher: Houghton MIfflin Harcourt
Date: 2013
Genre:Literary Fiction, Thriller
191 pages.
Where I got it: From the publisher and TLC BOOK TOURS


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Reuters Staff
1 Min Read
June 23 (Reuters) - SARE SA
* SUPERVISORY BOARD AGREES TO BUY 83.35% STAKE IN SPÓŁKA MARKETNEWS24 SP. Z O.O. FOR UP TO 310,00 ZLOTYS IN TOTAL Source text for Eikon: Further company coverage: (Gdynia Newsroom)
All quotes delayed a minimum of 15 minutes. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays.
© 2017 Reuters. All Rights Reserved.


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BSU men's hockey sweeps Manitoba
Bemidji State men's hockey coach Tom Serratore warned the University of Manitoba Bison would be a much improved team Saturday, compared to the Friday opener that the Beavers won 7-0.
Serratore was prophetic as the Beavers skated to a hard fought 4-2 victory to sweep the visiting Bison at The Glas.
It was a complete turnaround for Manitoba as the visitors played with intensity the entire night. By midway through the second period they had equaled their shot total from the night before.
"They were a lot better team tonight," Serratore reported. "We didn't respond with the intensity I would have liked, but we found a way to win - that's the bottom line. Manitoba has a big, strong team with some savvy; they played with a lot of passion (Saturday)."
The eventual game winner was the type of fluky that is seldom seen.
While on the penalty kill, BSU sophomore sensation Matt Read slowly iced the puck and head for the bench on a shift change. Manitoba goalie Steve Christie stopped the puck initially, but then kicked it into his own net as he turned to make a pass.
BSU freshman Ben Kinne then put the game out of reach when he scored a power play goal on a rebound off a shot from Tyler Scofield with just less than four minutes remaining.
After Scofield put the Beavers ahead 2-1 at 2:15 of the third on a power play goal the Beavers proceeded to send a steady stream of players to the penalty box. They were whistled for five straight penalties that eventually led to a 5 on 3 advantage for Manitoba at on which the visitor's converted. Stewart Thiessen tied the game at 2-2 with a rocket past BSU goalie Dan Bakala.
That's was to be it for night for the Bison, however.
Serratore wasn't too pleased with the number of penalties the Beavers took in the final period. "We've got to realize what we can get away with and what we can't," he said. "We have to play with intensity and be physical, but have to know how to harness it as well. It's a learning process."
Manitoba came out right away and made a statement, scoring the game's first goal at 10:20 of the opening period. Rick Wood gathered in a rebound off the back boards and scored to give the visitor's a 1-0 lead.
Read then tied things up when he controlled a rebound off a shot from defenseman Brad Hunt that whistled past the net, hit the back boards and deflected in front. Read was one the spot and flipped the puck past Christie.
After a scoreless second period, the unfortunate own goal from Christie all but sealed the fate of the Bison on the night.
BSU ended with a 29-20 shots on goal advantage as Dan Bakala won from the second straight night in net for the Beavers.
Next up for the Beavers is a grueling four game road trip against two top College Hockey America rivals. Next weekend the Beavers travel south to play Alabama-Huntsville, a much improved team this year.
"People are talking about how greatly improved Huntsville," Serratore reported. "This is the second year with their new coach Danton Cole and the players are a year older. We're going into a hornet's nest."
It doesn't get any easier after that. Following a week off the Beavers head back on the road to face Niagara - always a tough opponent for BSU.
"Hopefully, these first eight games have prepared us for the start of the conference season," Serratore said. "We'll be jumping into the fire big time these next two series."


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|Half Baths
|1,150 sq. ft.
|Property type
|Minimum Stay
|2 nights
Charming 2-bedroom country cottage with gorgeous mountain views from every room, located in the Western Catskills. Open floor plan downstairs containing living area with satellite TV (including HBO), dining area, kitchen, and a half bath. Both bedrooms located upstairs along with full bath and separate laundry center. The 300 sq ft deck faces dramatic mountain views. Cottage is new construction -- everything is immaculately clean and in perfect working condition -- with an aesthetic mix of rustic and contemporary touches throughout, such as wide plank pine floors, reclaimed barn board walls, state-of-the-art appliances and custom built cabinetry with soapstone countertops. Free wifi throughout the house.
The cottage is located on a quiet country road, 2 miles outside the quaint village of Hobart, 'The Used Bookstore Capital of Upstate NY,' where you will find several antiquarian and used bookstores, antique shops and much more. Plattekill Ski Resort is only a 20 minute drive, and the Stamford Golf Club is just 10 minutes away.
We stayed here for a weekend while in town for a wedding and loved it. The hosts are responsive, and the property is extremely comfortable and well-maintained. It's a short driving distance into the heart of Hobart.
What a beautiful home - even nicer than in the pictures if you can imagine! We were there for a few days last week to celebrate our anniversary and to disconnect from the city. We were looking for a mountain escape that offered a beautiful view - this home really blew us away! When you first walk in - of course you are so taken by the view - you can sit there all day and gaze - so breathtaking. Everything is spotless and clean - and so tastefully decorated. No detail has been overlooked in the house - the well-equipped kitchen really had everything i possibly could have needed; the living room was sooo comfortable and cozy (nice TV, games, books, etc); the bedrooms were so nice - and the beds and linens were very comfortable - plenty of closet space too; the bathrooms were well stocked also - really - there wasn't one thing that we were missing, wanted or needed - it was all there! Plus, no corners were cut - everything in the house - was really nice - from utensils to linens to furniture. The area is lovely - very pastoral and serene - we took at least two rides on mountain roads per day just to appreciate the beauty of the Catskill Mountains. Also - Robert was wonderful with organizing our stay - no detail or question was left to wonder - he was very thorough and a pleasure to work with. We hope to return, and we thank you for allowing us to share a little piece of heaven in your cottage.
I rented this cottage with my husband and 6 year old daughter for a weekend in the summer. It's very clean and the view from the porch is amazing. Everything in the cottage feels new and modern but still has a relaxed feel that you want in a vacation home. The kitchen had everything we needed to make delicious meals and the house is close to tons of farm stands and markets. From the porch we saw geese, turkey, and deer in the fields across the quiet country road. If you are looking for peace and quiet, this place is perfect. We will definitely be back!
We have just returned from our second stay at this lovely cottage. My husband and I have rented somewhere or another every year for probably the past 10 years or so, and this is the first time we have gone back to the same place...that alone should say how much we enjoy this place. It is comfortable, quiet, relaxing, clean, and provides access to some spectacular hiking and biking. The view right from the living area is pretty great. Plus, they are dog friendly! The owners were super accessible and responsive. No problem giving this cottage five stars, and would recommend to anyone.
We can only repeat all the five-star raves this cottage has already received from previous renters. This is a wonderful and fantastic home, we immediately felt comfortable and content when we arrived for our week-long rental. It is well-appointed, has a great kitchen, comfortable beds, is warm and snug (it snowed the evening of our arrival), the owner easily accessible. Centrally located in the NW Catskills, a landscape of rolling hills and pasture lands, there is much to do w.in minutes. Or, you may not want to do anything other than simply gaze out the window and take in the wonderful view beyond the deck. We'll be back, to be sure!
We absolutely loved this charming cottage. It is even more adorable -- and more spacious -- than the photos show. The location is perfect not only for quick trips to Hobart's main drag but also for easy excursions into nearby towns. Though we also loved just sitting in the living area and enjoying the view. The house is comfortable, well designed, and altogether lovely; Bob and Tracey have thought of every detail. They were wonderful hosts. I also so appreciated that they are dog-friendly. My retriever loved romping in the yard and going on long walks along the nearby Catskills Scenic Trail. We would definitely return. Thank you, Bob and Tracey!
|Cleaning Fee
|Refundable damage deposit
No cats. Dogs allowed on a case by case basis.
A minimum of one cleaning is required at a cost of $50. if you would like additional cleaning services, we will make arrangements with our staff. Each additional cleaning is $50.


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Johannesburg - Cold radio receivers have been fitted to seven satellite dishes in the Karoo Astronomy Reserve, the Square Kilometre Array SA team said on Wednesday.
The dishes test technology to be used in the MeerKAT project, which is under construction in the Northern Cape.
"The installation of the receivers would allow the KAT-7 telescope to see much fainter objects than it would if the receivers and 'feeds' operated at room temperature and were not cooled," MeerKAT project manager Willem Esterhuyse said in a statement.
The receivers were cooled to -203°C, which eliminated much of the "noise" interference associated with radio receivers, he said.
This greater sensitivity reduced observation time, improving the quality of images.
SKA is an international radio telescope project for astronomy observation that will either be built in South Africa or Australia.
When completed in 2024, SKA will be 50 times more sensitive than any other radio instrument.
The decision on whether it will be built in South Africa is expected in 2012.
Are we going to get it ? That is the big question, with all this talk of unstable government and nationalisation !I think not !!!!!!


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Canada, 2012, QE11, $20 Dollars, JUST RELEASED!! POLYMER, CRISP UNC!!
Sold for:
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- Sold Date:
- Source: eBay
Canada, 2012, QE11, $20 Dollars, JUST RELEASED in November!! POLYMER, CRISP UNC!!. The note shown is the note you will receive. Please see scans !
Buyer to pay postage of 3.95 in North America and 4.95 for the rest of the world,(no tracking; sent at buyers risk) and/or $14.00 sent registered (with tracking) anywhere in the world, subject to my discretion depending on destination and/or amount of purchase (usually around $40-50.00). For Italy,India, Russia,Argentina registration is mandatory - no exceptions!! Purchases may be combined for 1 postage charge over a 1 week period . Payments accepted: PayPal Only, Thanks for looking! Winning bidder, please check feedback for shipment date.Important information for international Buyers – Import duties, customs, taxes and any other charges are not included in the item price or shipping charges. These charges are the buyer's responsibility. Please check with your own country's customs department to determine what these additional costs will be prior to bidding/buying.
THE SHIPPING COSTS WE CHARGE MAY SEEM HIGH BUT WE PURCHASE THIRD PARTY INSURANCE FOR EVERY SHIPMENT AND IT IS EXPENSIVE - OCCASIONALY WE SUFFER SOME LOSSES AND THIS IS THE ONLY WAY TO PROTECT OUR CUSTOMERS AND OURSELVES. THE POSTAGE AFFIXED ON YOUR LETTER/ PACKAGE DOES NOT INCLUDE THE PRIVATE INSURANCE.... read more


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Atlantic City is located in the southern side of New Jersey and came into existence as a resort town much before Las Vegas. Today, hundreds of thousands of tourists visit Atlantic City as much for its casinos as for its other attractions like the Boardwalk and its famous piers. Strolling along the boardwalk with all its restaurants and amusement points or visiting the iconic Absecon Lighthouse which was restored recently. There are many golf courses in and around the town that are popular with golfers, while the beaches are quite popular with families visiting during the summer.
As a center of entertainment Atlantic City offers an excellent choice of year-round events and festivals that are often free, attracting many visitors back into the town time and again. The annual Restaurant Week, LPGA Shoprite Classic, the Airshow, AC Marathon Race Series, concerts and many of the performing arts in Atlantic City are some of the endless list of entertainment options in this beautiful resort town. However, the main attraction of Atlantic City is its famous casinos that operate round the year. Some of the most famous casinos are Caesar's Atlantic City, Bally's Atlantic City, Trump Taj Mahal Casino, Borgata Hotel Casino, Tropicana Casino Resort and many others.
Although Atlantic City has lots to offer in every season of the year, it attracts most visitors during the summer months. The beach here is wide and its sands are soft and warm which many visitors like more than anything else; they are also impressed with the cleanliness in and around the beach and it is great for families. Unlike common perception, the Boardwalk is not named for its wooden planks. It got the name from Alexander Boardman, who developed this wooden walkway back in the 1870s. It is one of Atlantic City's hot spots – four miles long and running along the shoreline with shops, bars, restaurants lined up all the way; there's also the additional attraction of amusement park-style games. Atlantic City is very well connected to a number of major highways; car, taxi and passenger vans rentals services available at the airport as well bus service is also available with a connection through the Pleasantville bus terminal.


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Tommy Di Pasquale Jr. was the life of the party.
Whenever his family held a party in their Northfield home he loved leading the karaoke, performing Frank Sinatra, Elvis Presley and even a little James Brown - complete with a cape, said his family and friends.
"He just always liked having a good time," said his wife of 11 years Cindy Di Pasquale.
The 57-year-old construction supervisor and former casino supervisor died Wednesday following a crash on his motorcycle the day before on Longport Boulevard, in the area of the Seaview Harbor Marina in EggHarborTownship.
The accident occurred at 11:22 a.m. Di Pasquale was traveling east on the road and had to brake sharply when a driver in front of him, Anna Cohen, 72, of Margate, slowed down due to construction on the JFK Bridge, police said.
Bruce Goldberg 66, of Longport, was traveling behind Cohen and swerved into the shoulder to avoid her car, police said. Di Pasquale was behind Goldberg on a 2007 Honda motorcycle and he braked sharply and lost control, police said. The motorcycle slid and Di Pasquale struck Cohen's vehicle, police said.
Cindy Di Pasquale said her husband began riding motorcycles about six years ago and was always a very cautious driver.
"He loved going on back roads with the wind in his hair," she said.
Di Pasquale grew up in Rio Grande and graduated from MiddleTownshipHigh School where he played golf and basketball. His family said the member of St. Gianna Beretta Molla Parish loved cooking, Italian pastries and was a huge animal lover. He had a bull terrier for years named Frankie - which he named after Sinatra - and the family said they are asking people to make donations to Bullies Without Borders in his memory.
Di Pasquale is survived by Cindy, his daughter Mia and his step-son Mike Katz.
"He was one of the most genuine people you will ever meet in your life," said his brother-in-law Joe Carchidi. "He was a complete person."


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MONTREAL (Reuters) - Bombardier Inc (BBDb.TO) said on Friday that its aircraft deliveries rose more than 10 percent during the past fiscal year on strong demand for business jets and a rebound in the regional jet market.
Bombardier, the world's third-largest civil aircraft maker and global No. 1 manufacturer of trains, said it delivered 361 aircraft in the year ended January 31. That was up from 326 deliveries in the previous fiscal year.
Aircraft orders almost doubled to 698 from 363, with business jets and regional aircraft accounting for the increase.
It was the fourth straight year of higher orders and deliveries for business aircraft, Bombardier said.
Business jet deliveries rose 9 percent to 232 from 212, while orders surged to 452 from 274, aided by 154 orders in the fourth quarter versus 117 in the year earlier period.
"This fiscal year, a significant growth in demand for Bombardier business jets from major emerging markets, such as Russia and Asia, tipped the balance over the previously dominant U.S. market and progressively shifted demand for business jets to international markets," Bombardier said.
Some 30 percent of the Canadian company's business jet orders came from the United States.
Bombardier said it had a leading 26 percent of the global market for business aircraft, based on revenue, in the calendar year.
Bombardier's business jets include the Learjet, Challenger, Global 5000 and Global Express series.
Regional aircraft deliveries rose 14 percent to 128 from 112 in the previous year, as demand continued to shift toward larger jets and turboprops, the company said.
Last week, the company said it would begin offering its 110-to-130-seat CSeries airliner to prospective customers ahead of an expected official launch of the $3.2 billion jet program later this year.
The CSeries would take Bombardier into markets dominated by Boeing Co (BA.N) and Airbus <EAD.PA.
Bombardier said it delivered 47 of its Q400 turboprops during the year, up from 31 the previous year, and 56 of its CRJ900/CRJ900 NextGen jets, up from 50.
Regional aircraft orders more than doubled to 238 from 87, with 51 orders in the fourth quarter, compared with 21 in the previous year.
Bombardier said Mesa Air Group Inc MESA.O converted its two orders of CRJ900 jets to CRJ700 NexGen jets. Italy's My Way Airlines converted its remaining 15 orders of CRJ900 jets to CRJ1000s.
Bombardier's class B shares were off 9 Canadian cents at C$5.72 on the Toronto Stock Exchange on Friday morning.
($1=$0.97 Canadian)
Reporting by Robert Melnbardis; editing by Janet Guttsman


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Organic electronics is a branch of electronics that deals with design, formulation and application of organic materials that possess electrical properties. The organic materials used are basically organic compounds that exhibit considerable electrical properties like conductivity. These materials are made up of tiny molecules or carbon-based polymers, hence also called polymer electronics or plastic electronics. Organic electronics offer the benefit of low-cost manufacturing as compared to conventional inorganic electronics. Organic electronics is environment-friendly and offers better resource utilization.
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Electronics Market
Share, Global Trends,
Analysis, Research, Report,
Segmentation and Forecast,
2014 - 2020
Future Market Insights
Report Description
Organic electronics is a branch of electronics that deals with design, formulation and application
of organic materials that possess electrical properties. The organic materials used are basically
organic compounds that exhibit considerable electrical properties like conductivity. These
materials are made up of tiny molecules or carbon-based polymers, hence also called polymer
electronics or plastic electronics. Organic electronics offer the benefit of low-cost manufacturing
as compared to conventional inorganic electronics. Organic electronics is environment-friendly
and offers better resource utilization.
The different types of materials used in the manufacture of organic electronics include polymers,
nanotubes, graphemes, carbon-based molecular structures, and hybrid materials. A commonly
known application of organic materials is organic light-emitting diode (OLED), which is widely
used in smartphones. Organic solar cells, television displays, and transistors are the other
applications of organic electronics. Out of all these segments, organic displays contribute the
highest revenue for the organic electronics market. Advantages of organic electronics are - they
can be processed in room temperature unlike silicon, which requires temperatures above
1000°C. It can be produced in bulk and at low cost unlike the currently used expensive
electronics. Organic electronic materials are flexible, brighter and consumes less power. On the
other hand, its disadvantages include- water can damage it, high cost on research
&development activity, low electrical conductivity and less life as compared to metallic
Report Description
Browse Full [email protected] http://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/global-organic-electronics-
Some of the underlying drivers of the market include the rising disposable income of end-users
and a preference for high-quality products, increasing investments of major companies in the
organic electronics segment, competition among suppliers for product differentiation and a rise
in concern towards environment protection. The consumer electronics segment, comprising
smartphones and televisions, is expected to bring about a double-digit growth rate in the
organic electronics market incoming six years. On the other hand, low electrical conductivity,
complicated fabrication of material and the presence of more competent technologies are some
of the restraints behind the development of the organic electronics market.
The organic electronics market is segmented on the basis of material used, application and
geography. On the basis of materials used, the market is classified into semiconductors,
conductors, substrates and dielectric materials. On the basis of applications, the market is
categorized into displays, organic sensors, organic radio frequency identification tags (ORFIDs),
photovoltaic systems, batteries, system components and smart applications. On the basis of
geography, the market is divided into North America, Latin America, Asia-Pacific, Japan, Western
Europe, Eastern Europe and Middle East & Africa.
Report Description
At present, some of the innovative applications of organic electronics include - displays, lighting,
photovoltaic and other smart electronic systems. Constant research &development activities are
leading to the development of biomedical implants and other biodegradable RFID tags. Other
areas of exploration include possible application in memory devices, detectors, micro lenses,
batteries, photoconductors, optical fibers and consumer packaging. Ongoing developments in
the consumer electronics segment, especially smartphones, offer promising growth in terms of
adoption of organic electronics. Technological advancements concerning organic photovoltaic,
transistor technology and organic display technology, and developments in organic polymer
materials are expected to drive market growth.
Request For [email protected] http://www.futuremarketinsights.com/toc/rep-gb-114
Some of the market players are Asahi Kasei Corporation, BASF SE, Bayer Material Science AG,
Evonik Industries, DuPont, Henkel AG & Company, Optomec, ITRI, Samsung Display and Sony
Corporation. The key strategies adopted by these players are product innovation and product
differentiation. Organic electronics is an emerging market, hence most companies are focusing
on sharing their expertise through partnership and collaboration. Scientific and technological
developments by OEMs (original equipment manufacturers) and pure technology solution
providers will help the organic electronics market to sustain and grow.
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Ayman al-Zawahiri defended the Islamic State of Iraq — the insurgent umbrella group headed by al Qaeda — against critics among Islamic militant groups, saying it was a vanguard for fighting off the U.S. military and eventually establishing a "caliphate" of Islamic rule across the region.
Al-Zawahiri, the top deputy of Osama bin Laden, called on Muslims to follow a two-pronged strategy: work at home to topple "corrupt" Arab regimes and join al Qaeda's "jihad," or holy war, in Iraq, Afghanistan and Somalia to fight and train "to prepare for the next jihad."
The Egyptian militant did not mention last week's failed car bombing attempts in Britain, which British authorities are investigating for al Qaeda links. That suggested the video, posted Thursday on an Islamic militant Web site, was made before the events in London and Glasgow.
Al Qaeda's declaration of the Islamic State of Iraq last year was a dramatic move aimed at staking out its leadership of Iraq's insurgency. Allying itself with several smaller Iraqi Sunni insurgent groups, it presented the Islamic State as an alternative government within Iraq, claiming to hold territory.
The move quickly met resistance. Some Islamic extremist clerics in the Arab world said it was too soon to declare an Islamic state because the Islamic law qualifications were not yet met and argued that a true Islamic state is not viable while there are still U.S. forces in Iraq.
Several large Iraqi Sunni insurgent groups publicly denounced al Qaeda, saying its fighters were killing theirs and pressuring them to join the Islamic State. One group, the 1920 Revolution Brigades, has begun overtly cooperating with U.S. forces and Sunni tribal leaders to attack al Qaeda.
In other recent developments:


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Julian Allsop
During 2011, the Court of Appeal and the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) had to examine on a number of occasions various issues on the proper exercise of the tribunal's discretion to order costs. Julian Allsop provides a round-up of those decisions and considers whether the EAT's earlier judgment in Daleside Nursing Home Ltd v Mathew is really of such limited use as the Court of Appeal now appears to suggest.
There are four steps in determining a costs application on the discretionary basis pursuant to rules 40 and 41 of sch 1 of the Employment Tribunal (Constitution & Rules of Procedure) Regulations 2004, namely:
In February 2009, the EAT appeared to give guidance in Daleside Nursing Home Ltd v Mathew that in circumstances where the central thrust of a party's contention is found to have been based on a lie, it will be perverse for a tribunal not to order costs. However, the extent to which there is any such principle was considered in June 2011 by the Court of Appeal in Arrowsmith v Nottingham Trent University.
Ms Arrowsmith brought a claim of sex discrimination on the basis that she had been refused the post of business development officer with the Nottingham Trent University on the ground that she was pregnant. Her claim was dismissed; the tribunal making the crucial finding that the decision not to appoint her to the post was not influenced by the fact of her pregnancy. In so doing, it rejected her allegations that the interviewing officers were well aware of her pregnancy at the time of interview.
The university made an application for costs on the basis that Ms Arrowsmith had acted unreasonably in bringing the proceedings as they were based on what was contended to be a series of untruths about the interviewing officers' knowledge of her pregnancy. The application based on the guidance given by the EAT in Daleside was successful and the tribunal awarded the university £3,000 towards its costs.
In the Court of Appeal, the award of costs was upheld. However, Rimer LJ explained that Daleside was a decision confined to its own facts, and not a statement of general principle. He endorsed the recent EAT judgment in HCA International Ltd v May- Bheemul where it was stated that a lie on its own would not necessarily be sufficient to found an award of costs; in each instance, the tribunal would have to evaluate the context of the conduct that was the subject of the application.
The tribunal in Arrowsmith did not find in terms that there had not been a lie but rather that central allegations, which were critical to the success of the case, had been found to be untrue. Thus, it is suggested that Arrowsmith is supportive of Daleside; namely that litigants who found core aspects of their case on matters that are untrue should not be surprised if they face a costs award in due course.
The Court of Appeal revisited this threshold question of jurisdiction to make costs awards in the case of Dean & Dean (A Firm) and Ors v Dionissiou-Moussaoui. In this case, the tribunal refused to make a costs order against Ms Dionissiou- Moussaoui, even though her various discrimination claims, unfair dismissal and related claims were either struck out on jurisdictional grounds (time limits, the repealed Dispute Resolution Regulations and the associated parts of the Employment Act 2002) or withdrawn.
There was no decision on the factual or legal merits of her claims at that stage, and the surviving victimisation and holiday pay claims were to proceed to a full hearing. As well as these factors, the employment judge took into account the fact that each allegation would be contested, and that there had been a warning to the parties to take into account the overriding objective in the conduct of the case and the complexity of the issues. He decided that all these circumstances vitiated against assuming the jurisdiction to make a costs award against Ms Dionissiou Moussaoui. The EAT upheld the decision of the judge in relation to the issue of costs.
In the Court of Appeal, Mummery LJ again upheld the decision of the tribunal. He found that there was no error of legal principle committed by it: express reference was made to the relevant rule and in exercising its discretion; it was relevant for the tribunal to take account of the fact that the victimisation claim was to continue; and that, if the other matters had proceeded to a hearing, they would have been contested. In those circumstances, it would have been necessary for the more serious allegations to be determined.
However, as a result of the claims being struck out on jurisdictional grounds, there would be no testing of the evidence at a substantive hearing before the tribunal. Thus, it was not possible for the tribunal to conclude that the contested claims were false, misconceived, frivolous or vexatious. Therefore, where a claim is withdrawn or struck out on jurisdictional grounds, it is not the rule that an award of costs should be made.
Of course, where allegations are simply withdrawn or dismissed on jurisdictional grounds or where a peripheral lie is told in evidence that is not fundamental to the case, the notion that costs should not be automatically ordered is uncontroversial. But where the central allegation in a claim or response is found on the evidence to have been fabricated (rather than simply not proven), it arguably remains the case after Arrowsmith that costs should be ordered on the basis of Daleside. It should be noted that at no stage in 2011 has it been suggested that Daleside had been wrongly decided.
This issue, arising out of Mummery LJ's judgment in McPherson v BNP Paribas (London Branch), was considered further by the Court of Appeal in Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council v Yerrakalva in November 2011.
Mrs Yerrakalva, a primary school teacher, brought race, sex and disability discrimination claims against her employer, Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council in 2005, following an alleged accident at work in 2003. In 2006, the sex discrimination claim was withdrawn. In 2007, there was a three-day hearing review to consider the issue of whether Mrs Yerrakalva was disabled. It was adjourned part-heard.
Before the pre-hearing review could be resumed afresh (the employment judge having been taken ill), Mrs Yerrakalva withdrew her remaining claims and they were formally dismissed in 2009. In the meantime, the council made an application for costs on the basis that she had told two lies at the pre-hearing review, although her claims had not been the subject of final determination in the usual way.
The judge allowed the application, considering that he had jurisdiction to make a costs order on the basis that the two lies amounted to an abuse of process/unreasonable conduct, and he made a 100% costs order, to be the subject of a detailed assessment (as the council's costs exceeded the £10,000 threshold). It was unnecessary on the judge's view of Mummery LJ's judgment in McPherson to find any causal nexus between the conduct relied upon and the costs incurred, in order to ascertain the quantum of the costs award. While the judge voiced muted criticism of the council's litigation conduct, this was not reflected in the application of the principle of relevance by way of a reduction in the costs that were directed to be paid by Mrs Yerrakalva.
Mrs Yerrakalva appealed against the costs order and her appeal was upheld by the EAT. Underhill J decided that while it was reasonable for the judge to have found unreasonable conduct by failing to have regard to the broad 'nature, gravity and effect' of the paying party's conduct, it had misapplied McPherson. The tribunal's view that once jurisdiction had been established, subject to means, it followed that it was appropriate to make a 100% costs award could not be sustained. The costs award was set aside.
The Court of Appeal partially upheld the judgment of the EAT. Mummery LJ considered that while there was no error of law in the tribunal's assumption of jurisdiction to make a costs order, clarification of McPherson was required. It was explained that McPherson was authority for a broad approach to causation arising from unreasonable conduct, as opposed to requiring the tribunal to identify a precise causal link between the unreasonable conduct and the costs that were the subject of the application. While precision may not be required, the extent to which the conduct caused the costs must be reflected in broad terms.
On that basis, Mummery LJ considered that Mrs Yerrakalva should pay 50% of the costs reasonably and necessarily incurred by the council in relation to the pre-hearing review and the costs hearings in the tribunal that followed as Mrs Yerrakalva's untruthfulness and the criticism of the council's conduct related solely to that matter.
Rule 41(2) requires the tribunal to consider whether it should exercise its discretion about whether to take into account the paying party's means in the exercise of its costs discretion.
This 'discretion within a discretion' was considered further in May in Mirikwe v Wilson & Co Solicitors and Others. If the paying party acts in a particularly unreasonable manner, such as not attending a costs hearing where it is the primary source of evidence as to means, that can be a legitimate reason not to take into account means at the costs hearing at all.
Mirikwe is common sense writ large: it can frequently be the case that the paying party by their absence or other conduct prevents information about their means from coming before the tribunal. It must be right, and in accordance with the overriding objective, for the fact of the absence to influence the exercise of the rule 41(2) discretion in appropriate circumstances.
When the tribunal comes to the assessment of costs, summary assessment is an available course if the amount claimed is less than £10,000 (rule 41(1)(a)). The matter can instead be sent to the county court for detailed assessment in accordance with the Civil Procedure Rules if more is sought, or it is otherwise appropriate to have a detailed assessment. In conducting the assessment, the paying party's means are likely to be relevant.
It was held in July in Shields Automotive Ltd v Grieg that this can include the paying party's capital resources as well as his income; in this case, the paying party's capital in the marital home was adjudged to be relevant. As all relevant assets are now part of the assessment of the paying party's ability to pay, it is now important for practitioners to ensure that in the face of the reluctant target of a costs application questions of the other side are raised in writing at an early stage when it is apparent that a costs application will be made. Necessary credit searches and enquires should also be made to ensure that the tribunal has a full picture as to the paying party's ability to pay. This might also legitimately include disclosure of any relevant legal expenses insurance policy, which might provide for the payment of inter partes costs.
More recently (November), in Osonnaya v Queen Mary University of London it was held by the EAT that an employment judge is not obliged to raise the question of means with the potential paying party, making it incumbent on advocates to raise the issue with the tribunal on behalf of their clients and obtain the necessary evidence in good time for the hearing.
From the authorities decided in 2011 on the issue of costs, the prevailing view as to the application of rules 40 and 41 is as follows:
Cases referred to:
Arrowsmith v Nottingham Trent University [2011] EWCA Civ 797
Daleside Nursing Home Ltd v Mathew [2009] UKEAT/0519/08/RN
HCA International Ltd v May-Bheemul [2011] UKEAT /0477/10/ZT
Dean & Dean (A Firm) and Others v Dionissiou-Moussaoui [2011] EWCA Civ 1332
McPherson v BNP Paribas (London Branch) [2004] ICR 1398
Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council v Yerrakalva [2010] UKEAT/0231/10; [2011] EWCA Civ 1255
Mirikwe v Wilson & Co Solicitors and Others [2011] UKEAT/0025/11/RN
Shields Automotive Ltd v Grieg [2011] UKEATS/0024/10/BI
Osonnaya v Queen Mary University of London [2011] UKEAT/0225/11/SM
This article was first published in ELA Briefing (Vol.19, No.2, March 2012) under the title 'Living on the edge: tribunal discretion to order costs'
This book is intended as a handbook for advisers to employers, providing an overview of the...
Authoritative analysis of the rules governing termination of employment provides coverage of the...


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Aeropostale Extends CEO Contract to 2011
New York City Aeropostale Inc. said Thursday it extended its employment contract with chairman and CEO Julian R. Geiger until Jan. 31, 2011.
In a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, Aeropostale said it will pay Geiger a base salary of $1 million per year, with eligibility for an annual bonus capped at $3 million.
Costco looks to open down under in '09
BELLEVUE, Wash. Costco plans to open its first store in Australia in 2009 and is currently looking at sites for its first store down under.
At its annual shareholders meeting in Bellevue, Wash. on Jan. 29, Costco chairman of the board Jeffrey Brotman said Costco plans to "open in Australia sometime next year" when asked about the chain's plans for international expansion.
Costco evp and cfo Richard Galanti later confirmed that Costco is searching for sites in Sydney, Brisbane and Melbourne. "We're looking at opening there in 2009 if everything goes as expected," said Galanti.
But Costco is still not ready to entertain a move into China. Brotman said Costco has been looking at China for years and said it's, "still undecided, though we're taking a hard look at it."
During his presentation, ceo Jim Sinegal said Costco continued to push eco-friendly ideas in stores last year. He said Costco increased the number of stores powered by solar energy to 13 and that the company is considering solar panels for 25 more locations.
Sinegal also confirmed the 531-store chain plans to open 29 new stores this year and estimates Costco could eventually open 1,025 stores worldwide with more than 700 warehouses in the U.S.
Giant Food Stores names head nutritionist
Carlisle, Pa. Giant Food Stores has hired Sylvia Emberger, R.D., L.D.N., as its corporate nutritionist, the company announced today.
Emberger will help set the strategic direction for Giant's health and wellness programming and overseeing Giant and Martin's in-store nutritionists. Emberger reports to Shirley Axe, acting manager for health and wellness.
Emberger most recently worked for The Hershey Company in the Hershey Center for Health and Nutrition where she focused on nutrition labeling and nutrition profiling of products. She also served as a lead dietitian for Messiah Village, a long term care facility, she was responsible for developing systems to track the nutritional status of nursing home and rehab residents.