text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 16, 1998
|Filing date
|Mar 15, 1996
|Priority date
|Mar 15, 1996
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Stephen B. Knuth, Sanford M. Brown, III, Mark J. Karnowski
|Original Assignee
|Casio Phonemate, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (13), Referenced by (31), Classifications (9), Legal Events (8)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
Reference is made to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/238,986 entitled Voice Mail Digital Telephone Answering Device, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,400,393, as a related application, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to telephone message recording devices, and more particularly to a telephone answering device that provides a number of message areas so that incoming telephone messages can be stored according to the person for whom the message is intended.
2. Description of the Related Art
With the advent of digital electronics, information storage and manipulation has become a more flexibly performed task. With respect to telephone answering devices (TADs), digitization and analog recovery of voice messages allows all the convenience of older, audio tape-based TADs with enhanced message manipulation capabilities derived from the digital storage of the voice message.
The management of memory in digital telephone answering devices is known in the art and has been set forth in detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 07/592,673 filed Oct. 4, 1990 entitled Memory Management Methods for a Digital Telephone Answering Device now U.S. Pat. No. 5,163,082 issued Nov. 10, 1992, which is incorporated herein by reference.
It is well-established in the art of telephone answering devices to have a pair of tapes to record and play back voice messages over the telephone. One tape is usually for a single outgoing message ("You have reached my answering machine. Please leave a message after the tone."). The other is for a plurality of incoming messages.
When tapes are used to record messages, the messages are typically fixed relative to each other. Usually, only record, playback, and erase functions can be performed on the messages. No shifting or moving of messages takes place or, if allowed, takes place only under elaborate and cumbersome circumstances. Such obstacles in manipulating messages are overcome by the use of random access memory (RAM) to store the voice messages.
When tapes are used to record incoming messages for more than one person, messages for one person can easily alternate or otherwise interleave with messages for another person. With tape based TADs, no means are present by which the messages for just one person can be retrieved while skipping those that have been left for another. A tape-based TAD must retrieve the messages serially and cannot easily skip over messages.
RAM is a very flexible form of digital memory that is increasingly becoming less expensive. With RAM, blocks of memory can be quickly shifted from one location in memory to another and otherwise manipulated. The limitations present in a serial form of data storage are overcome as any particular memory location in RAM is as equally accessible as any other. With tapes or other serial storage media, in order to get to a memory location at the end of the media, all memory locations preceding the end location must be bypassed in order to reach the end memory location.
In order to use RAM to store audio information, especially voice messages, the analog electrical signal representing the audio signal must be converted to a digital form. The voice signal is sampled by a digitizer which generates a number that represents the analog signal at the point it was sampled. By sampling the voice signal at high enough rates, the combined signal levels at each of the sampled points approximates the continuous analog signal originally present. While some of the voice signal is lost by the digitization and re-conversion process, on the whole the process is satisfactory.
Voice digitization and signal recovery are known in the art, as is the manipulation of RAM memory. However, the combination of these known arts have never been embodied in a telephone answering device as set forth herein.
Many systems allow partitioning of messages, but rely on the caller to enter a touch-tone code to access the desired mailbox. However, the caller is the least likely person to know how to direct the message to the appropriate mailbox. This requires the owner to leave lengthy instructions as to how the caller can direct his messages in the system's outgoing message. These instructions not only take time, but if a caller does not follow the instruction, the system breaks down and the call may be misplaced or lost.
It is an object of the present invention to provide voice mail means in a telephone answering device (TAD).
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a TAD that can be conveniently used by several people.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a TAD that can be activated conveniently although an incoming call has been answered by a person.
It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a TAD that has great flexibility in use, convenient and easy-to-use features, and that is relatively inexpensive for a household or small office.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a cost effective voice mail system implemented on a single digital telephone answering device.
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide each user of the voice mail system with a separate mailbox, each capable of storing private messages.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide users with the ability to selectively access their private messages by pushing their respective mailbox buttons.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the users with the ability to remotely access their private messages from the mailbox by entering a predetermined remote tone code.
It is another object of the present invention to permit the sorting of messages into one or more individual mailboxes from a central message stack.
It is still a further object of the present invention to permit the transfer of messages from one mailbox to another.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide for a system that is flexible enough to handle the storage and control of messages in a multi-user environment.
It is also an object of the present invention to permit the user to record a message either from the microphone or from a person on the telephone line by activating a TAKE MESSAGE function, whereupon the telephone answering device of this invention records the message and automatically disconnects the telephone line after the completion of the call.
It is another object of the present invention to permit the user to play the messages of a specific mailbox over the telephone line by activating a DELIVER MESSAGE function, whereupon the caller can listen to the message of the mailbox.
It is yet another object of the present invention to free the user from having to monitor the answering machine while it is recording a message for someone or delivering messages over the telephone line.
It is a further object of the present invention to permit the assignment of distinctive ring cadences and caller ID numbers to individual mailboxes so that the incoming messages can be stored directly into the appropriate mailbox.
It is still a further object of the present invention to allow a local user to record a memo for another user of a TAD and append that memo to a message that has been transferred from one mailbox to another.
A digital telephone answering device (DTAD) flexibly and dynamically allocates RAM memory to store incoming and outgoing messages. Mailboxes for individual use are dynamically allocated so that messages can be partitioned from other individuals' messages or messages stored in a common message area. Outgoing messages can be stored so that each mailbox has its own outgoing message, as does the general or common message area.
Messages can be manipulated by the DTAD so that they can be assigned to one or more individual mailboxes from the common storage area. Messages in either the common storage area or the individual mailboxes can be transmitted to a caller without interfering with normal operation of the DTAD. If a person answers the telephone and the caller wants to leave a message for another party who is absent, the DTAD can be activated so that the caller may record a message for the absent party while the answering party can safely hang up the telephone without breaking the connection.
Instead of requiring lengthy outgoing messages to describe the system's operation, the present invention allows several convenient and easily understood means for directing messages. If the caller presses a touch tone mailbox number, the message will be directed to the appropriate mailbox. If no code is pressed, the message goes to a common area. Upon playback, the user can manually sort the messages by pressing a button (or buttons) associated with the mailbox(es). If a message is assigned or transferred from the common message area or a mailbox to more than one other mailbox, each mailbox to which the message was transferred accesses and manipulates as if it were the only one doing so. As only one message is stored, multiple access to that message is controlled by pointers or the like to the message. Additionally, memos can be appended to messages that have been moved or re-assigned from the common message area to a certain mailbox or mailboxes.
If the user subscribes to a distinctive ring service, the mailbox can be chosen by the type of incoming ring. Also, if calls originate from a set of preprogrammed telephone numbers, they can be automatically routed to the appropriate mailbox using a caller ID feature.
The present invention also allows selective playback of recorded messages. Instead of requiring the playback of all recorded incoming messages, the present invention allows messages left for a single person to be selectively retrieved. This selective retrieval is possible even though messages for one person are interleaved and interwoven with messages for another person or persons.
A preferred form of the telephone answering device, as well as other embodiments, objects, features and advantages of this invention, will be apparent from the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments thereof, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of the basic circuit elements of the digital telephone answering device (DTAD) of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of memory space used by the DTAD of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a keyboard that could be used in conjunction with the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a state diagram for the operation of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a state diagram for the outgoing message (OGM) recording operation of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a state diagram for the take message operation of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a state diagram of the remote operations for the present invention.
FIG. 8 is plan view of an alternative keyboard that could be used in conjunction with the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a state diagram for an alternative operation of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a flow diagram for the memo appending operation of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a basic circuit diagram of the present invention.
The digital telephone answering device (DTAD) 10 is shown in FIG. 1. To those skilled in the art, the electronic architecture required for operation of the present invention will be understood by the inspection of FIG. 1. However, the brief explanation that follows provides a general description of the DTAD 10.
The DTAD 10 of the present invention is connected to the telephone line 12 and a source of power (not shown) such as a wall socket. The telephone line 12 is connected to the line amp 14 so that messages may be transmitted to the telephone line 12. The telephone line is also connected to the recording amp 16 through a switch 18 so that messages may be transmitted to the DTAD 10. The controller 20 operates the switch 18 so that the recording amp 16 may be selectably connected to the telephone line 12 or the built-in microphone 34 by the controller 20.
The output of the recording amp 16 is transmitted to the speech digitizer 22. The speech digitizer 22 is connected to and controlled by the controller 20. The speech digitizer 22 is also connected to RAM memory 24. The speech digitizer 22 records audio signals in the RAM 24 by digitizing analog audio signals passed to it by the recording amp 16. The speech digitizer is also able to convert and play back digital signals stored in the RAM 24. The output from the speech digitizer 22 is transmitted to the line amp 14 and a speaker amp 26. The output of the line amp 14 is sent to the telephone line while the output of the speaker amp 26 is sent to a speaker 28.
The controller 20 is connected to a display 30 that indicates the operating status of the DTAD 10. A keyboard 32 is connected to the controller 20 and allows a local user to control the operation of the DTAD 10 through keyboard input to the controller 20.
When an incoming call is detected by the DTAD 10, the controller 20 connects the recording amp 16 to the telephone line 12 through the switch 18. An outgoing message may be played to the caller that has been previously stored in RAM 24 and is played back to the caller through the speech digitizer 22 and the line amp 14. When the DTAD 10 is ready, the caller's message may be stored in RAM 24 through the recording amp 16 and the speech digitizer 22.
When a user wants to retrieve a message left by a caller on the DTAD 10, the user may use the keyboard 32 to activate the DTAD 10 and to direct the controller 20 to play back a recorded caller message. The presence of caller messages is indicated by the display 30. The caller message is retrieved from RAM 24 and converted to an audio signal by the speech digitizer 22. The audio signal is transmitted to the user through the speaker 28.
FIG. 2 shows by example how memory may be manipulated within the RAM memory of the present invention. As for the space marked "OPEN" in FIG. 2, other regions of memory can be shifted and moved in order to configure the information stored in memory as desired. Similarly, pointers to messages and other stored information of interest can be used in the present invention and can be sorted, shifted, and moved in much the same way as the messages stored in memory. In section A of FIG. 2, three messages are shown as being stored in RAM 24. Section B of FIG. 2 shows the memory condition when Message 2 is deleted (see "open" space after Message 1). Section C of FIG. 2 shows reallocation of the memory space to eliminate intermediate "open" spaces in the memory.
Generally, one portion or space in memory is the same as any other. Typically, memory is partitioned into portions or chunks for easier manipulation and management. While these memory chunks can be allocated in a static and unchanging manner, the size of the chunks can also be dynamically allocated so that no empty memory is left unoccupied by data or information that does not fill up an entire chunk.
Both the chunks or blocks of memory filled with information and those blocks of memory that are empty must be kept track of by the controller 20 or other device. In order to efficiently follow a dynamically changing internal partition structure to a block of memory, pointers may be used. A pointer is a location in memory that can be associated with a certain block or chunk of memory. For example, if a message has been stored in memory at hexadecimal address 2A4E, the pointer value is also 2A4E. If the message is to be moved to another location in memory, an empty or available chunk of memory is determined by referring to the pointer list. The message formerly at memory address 2A4E can then be moved to another location in memory by copying the information of the message to the new location and deleting the message at the old location. If the address of the new memory location for the message is 25BD, the pointer is updated to contain 25BD. When the message is to be retrieved, reference is made to the pointer list, the pointer for the message reflects the starting address of the message (25BD), and the information stored in memory starting at that address is retrieved to retrieve the message.
FIG. 3 shows an exemplary DTAD 10 keyboard with telephone handset and cradle. As set forth below, the features of the present invention may be exercised by pressing the appropriate buttons or keys on the keyboard in order to control the operation of the DTAD 10.
FIG. 4 shows a first state diagram of the present invention. The flexible and dynamic operation of the DTAD 10 is represented as existing in certain encircled states with operations or actions performed either by a user or the DTAD 10 itself indicated by lines connecting the various states.
The voice-mail telephone answering device (voice-mail TAD or TAD) 10 of the present invention is initialized when either the unit is plugged in and powered up 100 or when the on/off switch is turned on 104. After initialization 108, the DTAD 10 goes into idle mode 112. Idle mode 112 is the predominant mode of the DTAD 10 as the DTAD 10 is often inactive but ready to operate.
From the idle mode 112, access and entry into the various other modes of the DTAD 10 are available. These various other modes include: outgoing message (OGM) recording 116, message record and remote retrieve function 120, and telephone operation 124. A number of other modes are also accessible from the idle mode 112. These modes include: telephone number storage 128, time set 132, remote tone code set 136, local individual mailbox message retrieval 140, common message retrieval 141, and take message mode 144.
Telephone number storage 128 is known in the art and can be accomplished by pressing the button or entering the code to which the telephone number will be assigned, dialing or pressing the telephone number, and exiting the storage function by pressing a key that ends the sequence or the button or code that corresponds to the new telephone number. Telephone number storage 128 is a convenient way to quickly dial a telephone number, especially when the number is one that is often dialed. The stored telephone number may be dialed by pressing the button or code that corresponds to the desired number. Sometimes a prefix or entry code is required to prepare the TAD for automatic telephone number dialing.
The time may be set 132 on the DTAD 10. The time is then maintained by a clock. The use of electronic clocks such as the one used in the present invention is known in the art as is the setting and adjustment of such clocks. The time of day maintained by the clock may be coupled with the message recording capacity of the DTAD 10 so that recorded incoming messages (ICMs) are timestamped with the time of day.
The code set function 136 allows the owner/user of the DTAD 10 to uniquely set the remote tone code that allows dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) tones to remotely control the DTAD 10. Similar to the telephone number storage function 128, the remote code set function 136 may be indicated by the owner/user of the DTAD 10 by means of a button or prefix code. The desired remote code, usually something easy for the owner/user to remember, is then entered from the numeric telephone keypad. Exit from the remote code set function 136 may occur automatically, or may require a button to be pressed or an end code transmitted. Like the telephone number storage function 128 and the time set function 132, exit from the remote code set function 136 returns the DTAD 10 to the idle mode 112.
The remote code used to gain remote access to the functions and operations of the DTAD 10 is different than the access codes used to separately access the individual message storage areas of the DTAD 10. The remote code is contemplated as a three tone code that allows the user to remotely control the DTAD 10. The remote code is a security measure that prevents other people from altering the operation of the DTAD 10. The access codes are contemplated as a one tone code that allows the caller to direct messages to any of the message storage areas, either one or more of the mailboxes or the common message storage area.
Once messages have been recorded in the common message area, the common messages are played back 141 by pressing the NEW MESSAGES key. During the playback of the common messages, the user can transfer or assign the common messages to one or more of the mailboxes by pressing the particular mailbox key 143. If a mailbox key is pressed during the playback of a message from the common message areas, after playback, the message is no longer assigned to the common message area, but instead is accessed through the mailbox or mailboxes to which it is now assigned.
With the assignment of the same message to more than one mailbox, only one message is stored in memory. The pointer list is manipulated to allow each mailbox to operate independently of the message. For example, if a message is assigned or transferred to two different mailboxes, if one mailbox is instructed to delete the message, the pointer list will be updated to reflect the deletion of that message for that mailbox. The other mailbox can maintain its pointer to the message and the message will not be deleted for the second mailbox by the first.
The outgoing message (OGM) record mode 116 is made up of several individual functions or steps. The state diagram for the OGM record mode is shown in FIG. 5. In order to initiate the OGM record mode 116, a greeting record initiation button or code sequence is pressed or performed. Upon initiation, the outgoing message is recorded 142 and then the specific mailbox may be selected 146 to which the message corresponds. The recorded message is from thereon designated as a mailbox message corresponding to a particular mailbox 148. Alternatively, the specific mailbox for which the outgoing greeting is to be recorded may be selected and then the corresponding message recorded.
If the recorded outgoing message is not associated with a specific mailbox, it becomes a common outgoing message that is played for all incoming calls 150.
Different outgoing messages can be played back according to the particular circumstances of the incoming call and/or the specific feature present in the DTAD 10. The DTAD 10 may discriminate incoming calls by the ring cadence (distinctive ring) and play an outgoing message to the caller according to the distinctive ring. Similarly, the DTAD 10 may detect the number from which the caller is conducting the telephone call by means of a "caller-id" function recently made available by some telephone utilities. For a distinctive ring or "caller-id" DTAD 10, an outgoing message appropriate for the caller can be played back instead of a more common outgoing message. Further, as corresponding OGMs can be played for specific ring sequences or "caller-id's, so too can certain mailbox storage areas be assigned to receive messages for certain distinctive rings and/or from certain telephone numbers.
If an outgoing message has already been recorded and assigned to a mailbox or as the common outgoing message, that outgoing message may be checked without going through the message recording function 116. An outgoing (OGM) message check function 178 allows the owner/user to check the presence and/or contents of the individual outgoing messages. After the certain outgoing message has been played, the DTAD 10 returns to its idle mode 112 to await further instructions or interrupts.
As there are four mailboxes in the present invention, four individual outgoing messages may be recorded with one message corresponding to each individual mailbox. In order to check the outgoing mailbox messages, or to find out what they are, a message check function 152 is provided so that the outgoing messages for each of the mailboxes can be heard and verified. Either the common outgoing message 152a or the outgoing messages for the mailboxes 152b can be checked. For the mailbox OGMs, after entry into the common message OGM check mode 152a, pressing the key for a certain mailbox activates the OGM check mode 152b for that particular mailbox. After any certain outgoing message is checked, the DTAD 10 returns to its idle mode 112.
When messages present in any one of the individual mailboxes are to be played back locally, the button or key for that particular mailbox is pressed. Upon the pressing of the individual mailbox's button, the messages assigned to the mailbox are played back 140. If another key is pressed during playback 140 of either a common or a mailbox message, that message is assigned or transferred to the mailbox for which a key has been pressed during playback 143. This allows the forwarding of messages from either the common area or a specific mailbox to another mailbox. Two, or more, mailboxes may have a message that is being played back assigned to them. All the user has to do is press the buttons corresponding to those mailboxes. When message playback 140 is complete, the DTAD 10 returns to its idle mode 112.
The DTAD 10 has the ability to record messages from a user local to the DTAD 10. When such a message is to be recorded, the TAKE MESSAGE key is pressed to activate the take message mode 144. FIG. 6 is a state diagram showing in greater detail the operation of the take messages mode 144.
When no telephone call is coming into the DTAD 10, a user local to the DTAD 10 can leave a message or memo for any or all persons using the DTAD 10. The user may press the TAKE MESSAGES key and begin speaking into the built-in microphone 34. The user's message will then be recorded by the DTAD 10 in a manner similar to its typical call recording 147. If the user does not press a mailbox key, the user's memo is recorded in the common message area 149. If the user does press a mailbox key, the memo is assigned to one of the mailboxes for later retrieval 151. The person to whom the mailbox corresponds can later retrieve the memo. Two or more mailboxes may have the same memo assigned to them.
When either the telephone handset or the speakerphone are used, the telephone mode 124 is engaged. The handset or the speakerphone operate in basically the same way so that in describing the operations and function changes for one predominately describes the operations and function changes for the other. Use of the DTAD 10 may be transferred from the speakerphone to the handset by lifting up the handset and taking it from its cradle. In order to use the speakerphone when the handset has already been removed from its cradle, a speakerphone activation button may be pressed while the handset is off-hook and subsequently replacing the handset into its cradle. By lifting the handset or switching on the speakerphone, the DTAD 10 is taken off-hook and usually a dial tone is heard through the device used.
Using the handset for exemplary purposes, calls may be answered by lifting the handset. The caller may be placed on hold by pressing a HOLD button. The caller may be removed from hold by pressing the HOLD button again, lifting the handset from its cradle, or by activating the speakerphone.
In order to automatically dial a telephone number that has been previously stored 128, an auto-dial button or code is pressed, followed by the button or code corresponding to the desired telephone number. Similarly, a single button may correspond to a single stored telephone number and that button may be pressed in order to dial the associated telephone number. When the appropriate sequence has been performed, the auto-dial function of the DTAD 10 is performed.
Whenever a number is dialed, either automatically or manually, there are occasions when it is desirable to dial the number again. In order to redial the number, the owner/user could dial the number again, but for convenience, a REDIAL button is provided that when pressed, dials again the number just previously called by the owner/user. If the call should go through, the DTAD 10 is used through the handset or the speakerphone in order to converse with the called party.
If the call does not go through, a busy redial function continues to dial and redial the number until a certain number of attempts have been made or until the called telephone is answered. If the call is successful, the handset or the speakerphone is used to converse with the called party. If after a pre-determined number of attempts the call does not go through, or if the DTAD 10 goes on-hook as when the handset is replaced in the cradle or the speakerphone is switched off, the DTAD 10 returns to its idle mode 112. Other known features for telephones may be incorporated into the present invention.
From the telephone mode 124 of the DTAD 10, the TAKE MESSAGES can be used to help the DTAD 10 perform an additional function. Sometimes, a person will answer an incoming call and the caller wishes to leave a message for another person who is absent. By pressing the TAKE MESSAGES key, the DTAD 10 may be activated to take the message for the absent party without having the person answering the call run to get pen and paper.
By pressing the TAKE MESSAGES key during an ongoing telephone call, the local user activates the DTAD 10 so that the caller can leave a message on the DTAD 10 while the person who answered the call can hang up the handset. If no mailbox key is subsequently pressed, the message is stored in the common message area 154. If a mailbox key is subsequently pressed after the TAKE MESSAGES key is pressed, the message subsequently recorded is assigned to that particular mailbox 156. As set forth in more detail below, the call is then recorded without an outgoing message. After the message has been recorded, the DTAD 10 returns to its idle mode 112.
If the call is answered by a user local to the DTAD 10, calls previously recorded in the common or mailbox message areas can be played back to the caller over the telephone line. Once activated, the local user may hang up the handset or speakerphone.
To transmit recorded messages to the caller, the local user presses the DELIVER MESSAGES key on the DTAD 10 during the telephone call. If the DELIVER MESSAGES key is followed by a mailbox key, the messages recorded in that mailbox are played back to the caller 158. When the local user goes on hook by replacing the handset in the cradle or the like, the DTAD 10 maintains the connection with the caller and engages in remote playback of the mailbox messages 160. If no mailbox key is pressed after the DELIVER MESSAGES key is pressed, the messages in the common message area are played back to the caller 162. When the local user hangs up the telephone and goes on hook, the DTAD 10 engages in remote playback of the common messages 164.
The message record and retrieve function 120 allows an owner/user to access the messages stored in the individual mailboxes from a remote location, typically using a touch-tone (DTMF) telephone.
When the DTAD 10 is in idle mode 112, along with other, related functions, the DTAD 10 is also able to receive incoming telephone calls and record messages from the callers. Incoming telephone calls may also be received by the DTAD 10 for the purposes of playing back recorded incoming messages or to otherwise control, alter, or adjust the functioning of the DTAD 10.
When a person (including the owner/user of the DTAD 10) calls, the DTAD 10 answers the incoming call after a certain number of rings has occurred in order to give other persons in the household an opportunity to pick up a telephone handset or otherwise answer the telephone call. If no one answers the call, the telephone line continues to ring until the DTAD 10 picks up the telephone and itself answers the call.
When the DTAD 10 picks up and answers the call, it plays to the incoming telephone caller a common, outgoing greeting message (OGM) 210. This outgoing greeting message would normally correspond to the OGM for the common OGM stored in memory. During the playback of the initial OGM 210, several options are available to the caller.
If the caller so desires, the initial OGM can be skipped and the caller's message immediately recorded in a memory heap of common incoming messages or in one of the mailboxes. To skip the initial OGM, the caller can push or punch a transfer code that can be announced to the caller during the initial playback of the OGM. Otherwise, after the OGM has ended, the caller may then record a message in the common message area 214.
If after the caller records a message in the common memory heap 214 or in a mailbox 222, the caller wants to record a second message, a pre-determined DTMF code (such as the tone for the button with numeral five for example) can be pressed to return the TAD to the initial OGM playback state 210.
From the initial OGM playback state 210, the caller is also able to record incoming messages within the individual mailboxes present in the DTAD 10. In order to prepare the DTAD 10 and to indicate in which mailbox the incoming message is to be stored, the caller can press the number on the DTMF keypad that corresponds to that mailbox. The OGM for that mailbox can be played back for the caller 218 and an opportunity made for the caller to leave a message in the particular mailbox 222. If during the playback of the selected mailbox's OGM a transfer tone is transmitted by the caller, the OGM is skipped and the caller's message is recorded immediately for storage in the selected mailbox 222. If another tone (such as the tone for keypad button five) is transmitted by the caller, operation of the DTAD 10 can be transferred back to the common OGM 210 so that the caller can leave a common or mailbox message.
If the DTAD 10 is able to recognize either distinctive rings or able to recognize the telephone number of the caller (caller id), playback of individual mailbox OGMs 218 can be associated with certain distinctive ringing patterns or certain incoming telephone numbers. Once engaged, the playback of mailbox OGMs 218 proceeds in a manner similar to typical call answering by the DTAD 10.
For incoming messages of both the common message area and the individual mailbox areas, the DTAD 10 returns to the idle mode 112 after five minutes have passed or if there has been no signal over the incoming telephone line for a pre-determined period of time (VOX activation).
If the caller is also an owner/user of the DTAD 10, that person will be aware of the unique remote code previously set 136 for the DTAD 10. If so, the unique remote tone code can be entered by the owner/user during the playback of the common OGM 210. The remote tone code may be preceded by a prefix such as the asterisk or star key on the typical DTMF keypad. Upon adequate reception of the remote tone code, including any prefix or suffix, remote access to the functions and features of the DTAD 10 are made available to the owner/user caller 226. Remote access 226 to the functions and features of the DTAD 10 may also be obtained in the same manner from the initial or default incoming message recording 214, the playback of particular mailbox OGMs 218, or from the recording of an incoming message for a certain mailbox 222.
The remote mode 226 of the DTAD 10 is shown in greater detail in FIG. 7. Upon entry into the remote mode 226, remote mailbox playback to the caller is enabled 228 and messages for a particular mailbox will be played back to the caller. If the caller wants to transfer a certain message to another mailbox, entry by the caller of a mailbox access code will transfer the message currently playing or just played back to another mailbox 230. When the message transfer to the second mailbox is complete, the DTAD 10 returns to the mailbox playback mode 228 where another message can be specified for playback or another mailbox selected for message playback.
Once the user is finished with the remote mailbox playback mode 228, the DTAD 10 engages a voice menu for the mailbox message area 232 and verbal instructions are delivered by the DTAD 10 to the caller. If the caller desires to replay any mailbox messages, the remote mailbox playback mode 228 can be reengaged by transmitting a pre-defined access or instructional code. Otherwise, if the caller does not respond within a pre-determined amount of time (such as ten seconds), the DTAD 10 engages the remote common playback mode 234 and begins to playback the incoming messages stored in the common message area.
As for the remote mailbox message playback 228, if during the playback of the messages stored in the common area the caller desires to send one of the common messages to a mailbox, the caller enters the access code for the particular mailbox. The common message is then assigned to the mailbox 236 and the DTAD 10 returns to the remote common message playback mode 234.
When the common messages have been played back to the caller 234, the DTAD 10 engages a common voice menu 238. The common voice menu 238 delivers instructions and options to the caller over the telephone line so that the caller can choose one. If no choice is made after a pre-determined amount of time (such as ten seconds), the DTAD 10 returns to its idle mode 112. If the caller chooses to return to the remote mailbox message playback mode 228, the caller enters the appropriate code and the remote mailbox playback mode 228 is engaged.
If the caller wants to change an outgoing message (OGM), the caller enters an outgoing message record instruction code. The DTAD 10 then engages an OGM record voice menu 240 that informs the caller of the options available and relevant instructions at that point. If after a pre-determined amount of time (such as ten seconds) the caller has made no choice, the DTAD 10 returns to the common voice menu 238.
From the OGM record voice menu, the caller may either record a new common OGM 242 or a mailbox OGM 244. Each of these OGM modes has its own instruction code. The caller enters the appropriate access code for the common OGM or for the particular mailbox OGM and then records the new OGM by speaking clearly into the telephone. The OGM recording is terminated by falling silent for a pre-determined amount of time so that VOX activation will detect the end of the message or the caller may enter a tone to signify the end of the OGM recording. When the OGM is completed, it is checked by the caller through the check OGM mode 246. The new OGM is then played back to the caller and the DTAD 10 reengages the common voice menu 238.
If the caller wants to record a memo, the caller enters a memo record instruction code in response to the common voice menu 238. The DTAD 10 engages a memo record voice menu 248 which delivers options and instructions to the caller. If the caller chooses to record a memo for the common area, the caller enters a common instruction code. The caller then speaks clearly into the telephone to record the common memo 250. To end the common memo, the caller falls silent or enters a tone (as for remote OGM recording). If the caller chooses to record a memo for a particular mailbox, the caller enters a mailbox access code. The caller speaks clearly into the telephone to record the mailbox memo 252. By falling silent or entering a tone, the caller terminates the memo recording.
After the memo has been recorded, the DTAD 10 returns to the common voice menu 238. From the common voice menu 238, the DTAD 10 can engage the idle mode 112 in order to handle the next incoming telephone call or other task.
Referring now to FIGS. 8 through 10, FIG. 8 is an alternative DTAD 300 keyboard having a telephone handset and cradle. This DTAD 300 keyboard operates in substantially the same manner as DTAD 10 keyboard described hereinabove in connection with FIG. 3 with the addition of a MEMO key 310. The MEMO key 310 allows a local user of the DTAD 300 to record a memo (or message) for other DTAD users. As will be explained in more detail below, the MEMO key 310 also permits the local user of the DTAD 300 to append a memo to a message after the message is transferred from one mailbox to another.
FIG. 9. is an alternative form of the state diagram shown in FIG. 4. The state diagram in FIG. 9 is substantially identical to that of the state diagram described hereinabove in connection with FIG. 4 with the addition of the memo record mode 350. If a local user presses the MEMO key 310 after transferring a current message to another mailbox 143, the DTAD 300 enters a memo record mode 350. The local user can then record a memo that will be appended directly behind (i.e., following) the transferred message. When the local user is finished recording the memo, the MEMO key 310 is pressed again and the DTAD 300 returns to the first mailbox and continues to play additional messages (if any have been recorded). When the user of the other mailbox replays his messages 140, he will hear the original message that was transferred to his mailbox followed by the appended memo.
FIG. 10 is a flow diagram for the memo appending mode of the present invention. Preferably, a local user enters the play mailbox messages mode by pressing the mailbox key on the DTAD 300 that corresponds to a particular mailbox (step 140). If, at any time during message playback, another mailbox key is pressed (yes in step 342), that message is transferred to the other selected mailbox (step 344). If no other mailbox key is pressed during message playback (no in step 342), the DTAD 300 continues to play messages recorded in the current mailbox (step 140). After a message has been transferred from the current mailbox to another selected mailbox (step 344), the DTAD 300 waits a predetermined length of time to see if the MEMO key is pressed (step 346). If the MEMO key is not pressed (no in step 348), the DTAD 300 returns to the original mailbox (step 356) and continues to play any additional messages, if any (step 140). If the MEMO key is pressed (yes in step 348), the DTAD 300 enters the memo record mode (step 350). The local user can now record a memo that will be appended directly behind (i.e., following) the message that was just transferred.
When the user enters the memo record mode (step 350), a timer is started from 0 seconds (step 351). The DTAD 300 now waits for either the MEMO key 310 to be pressed again (step 352) or for the timer to equal N seconds, where N is a predetermined length of time (step 354). If the MEMO key is pressed (yes in step 352), indicating that the local user has finished recording his or her memo, the DTAD 300 returns to the original mailbox (step 356) where it continues to play any additional messages (step 140). If the MEMO key is not pressed (no in step 352), the DTAD 300 checks to see if the timer is equal to N seconds (step 354). If the timer is not equal to N seconds (no in step 354), the DTAD 300 stays in the memo record mode and returns to step 352. If the timer equals N seconds (yes in step 354), indicating that the local user has either exceeded the amount of time allocated for recording a memo or has forgotten to press the MEMO key, the DTAD 300 returns to the original mailbox (step 356) where it continues to play any additional messages (step 140).
Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to those precise embodiments, and that various other changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 8, 1986
|Aug 22, 1989
|Dictaphone Corporation
|Programmable telephone/dictation terminal and method of operating same
|Sep 20, 1989
|Jul 3, 1990
|At&T Bell Laboratories
|Attendant-controlled call message delivery system and method
|Jul 13, 1989
|Aug 21, 1990
|Willard Dan E
|Method and apparatus for recording telephone messages
|Jan 17, 1990
|Jul 2, 1991
|Geary A. Walpole
|Telephone call responding system and control method and device therefor
|Dec 21, 1989
|Jul 23, 1991
|At&T Bell Laboratories
|Voice announcement device for improving functionality of multi-line telephones
|Apr 22, 1991
|Oct 6, 1992
|Dictaphone Corporation
|Priority voice message delivery system
|Oct 4, 1990
|Nov 10, 1992
|Mark Karnowski
|Memory management methods and apparatus for digital telephone answering devices
|May 6, 1994
|Mar 21, 1995
|Phonemate, Inc.
|Voice mail digital telephone answering device
|Nov 10, 1994
|Apr 2, 1996
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|Communication apparatus
|Oct 14, 1992
|Jul 2, 1996
|Weiss; Mark H.
|Telephone answering device and method
|Title not available
|Title not available
|May 17, 1994
|Nov 24, 1994
|Bogen Communications, Inc.
|Telephone answering and voice messaging machine
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 21, 1998
|Feb 27, 2001
|Nec Corporation
|Method of readily reading a received message and mobile telephone using the same
|May 29, 1998
|Dec 11, 2001
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Answering machine/phone for controlling a display based upon caller ID information received from callers
|Mar 27, 1998
|Jan 1, 2002
|Lucent Technologies Inc.
|Apparatus and method for grouping and prioritizing voice messages for convenient playback
|May 27, 1998
|Jul 9, 2002
|3Com Corporation
|Apparatus and method for verification of the presence of a remote user
|Dec 16, 1998
|Nov 12, 2002
|Nec Corporation
|Method and apparatus for recording and replaying messages
|Dec 2, 1999
|May 20, 2003
|Agere Systems Inc.
|Telephone number recognition of spoken telephone number in a voice message stored in a voice messaging system
|Feb 11, 1998
|Jul 8, 2003
|Sony Corporation
|Automatic answering telephone set
|Sep 11, 2002
|Sep 2, 2003
|Sprint Communications Company, L.P.
|Caller-controlled voice mail sub-mailboxes
|Aug 10, 2000
|Oct 7, 2003
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method and system for allowing specification of messaging system greetings according to a caller identification
|Jun 26, 2002
|Dec 2, 2003
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method, apparatus and computer program product for authorizing re-recording
|Sep 7, 1999
|Feb 10, 2004
|Larry F. Vaughn
|Audio and visual message center
|Aug 14, 2001
|May 18, 2004
|Larry F. Vaughn
|Audio and visual message center
|Jun 28, 2001
|Jun 15, 2004
|Nokia Corporation
|Sounding alert for recent calls
|Jun 26, 2002
|Aug 17, 2004
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method, apparatus and computer program for authorizing recording of a message
|Dec 11, 2000
|Sep 7, 2004
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Message management system
|Sep 27, 2002
|Jul 4, 2006
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method, apparatus and computer program product for transcribing a telephone communication
|Apr 6, 2001
|Apr 10, 2007
|Nokia Corporation
|Answering service giving different messages depending on user profile selected by called subscriber and/or identity of calling subscriber
|Sep 13, 1999
|May 29, 2007
|Agere Systems Inc.
|Transmitting message playback concurrent with speakerphone operation
|Sep 13, 1999
|Jun 19, 2007
|Agere Systems Inc.
|Message playback concurrent with speakerphone operation
|Dec 20, 2004
|Jul 31, 2007
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Method for storing and reproducing a voice message in a mobile telephone
|Oct 13, 2010
|May 15, 2012
|Research In Motion Limited
|Systems and methods of synchronizing ring tone cycles and delivery of DTMF tones
|Feb 2, 2012
|Aug 19, 2014
|Agere Systems Llc
|Retrieval of deleted voice messages in voice messaging system
|Dec 11, 2000
|Jun 13, 2002
|Koh Jocelyn K.
|Message management system
|Jan 31, 2002
|May 15, 2003
|Woo-Won Hwang
|Method and apparatus for providing a caller id including an advertisement
|Apr 6, 2001
|Feb 5, 2004
|Timo Vitikainen
|Answering service giving different messages depending on user profile selected by called subscriber and/or identity of calling subscriber
|Feb 26, 2001
|May 27, 2004
|Susumu Murata
|Answer-phone message providing system
|Sep 27, 2002
|Oct 14, 2004
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method, apparatus and computer program product for transcribing a telephone communication
|Apr 19, 2002
|Oct 21, 2004
|Valentine Miles Jefcoate
|Call handling systems and methods
|Dec 20, 2004
|May 19, 2005
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Method for storing and reproducing a voice message in a mobile telephone
|Oct 13, 2010
|Oct 27, 2011
|Research In Motion Limited
|Systems and methods of synchronizing ring tone cycles and delivery of dtmf tones
|Feb 2, 2012
|May 31, 2012
|Agere Systems Inc.
|Retrieval of Deleted Voice Messages in Voice Messaging System
|U.S. Classification
|379/88.22, 379/85, 379/73
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 15, 1996
Owner name: CASIO PHONEMATE, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KNUTH, STEPHEN B.;BROWN, SANFORD M., III;KARNOWSKI, MARKJ.;REEL/FRAME:007915/0085;SIGNING DATES FROM 19960311 TO 19960312
|Dec 20, 1999
Owner name: CASIO COMMUNICATIONS, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CASIO PHONEMATE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:010506/0001
Effective date: 19991119
|Nov 1, 2001
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Mar 15, 2004
Owner name: TRONTECH LICENSING INCORPORATED, TEXAS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CASIO COMMUNICATIONS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:015074/0376
Effective date: 20040301
|Oct 5, 2005
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Jan 18, 2010
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jun 16, 2010
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Aug 3, 2010
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20100616


text:
Orange OBC 115 1 x 15 Bass Cabinet Black
Orange OBC 115 Black Vinyl Version
This superb 15 inch speaker enclosure is made from 13 play high density 18mm birch plywood, with tough skids on the base for enhanced stage connection. This hi-tech designed enclosure is side ported and provides for speaker 'self correction'. Internally strutted to avoid cabinet vibration, this enclosure will not rattle, sounds amazing and will extend the bottom end sound of the OBC410 enclosure.
- Read More
Orange OBC 115 Features
• Side ported
• Output: 500 Watts RMS, 8 ohm
• Connection: Speakon and 1/4 inch Jack
• Speaker: Heavy duty 15 inch Bass Driver
• Cabinet Construction: 13 Ply High Density 18mm Birch Plywood
• Dimensions (W x H x D): 62 x 51 x 46cm
• Weight: 30kg
- This product will be ordered in from our suppliers as required. Please contact us for availability.
This item is normally sent to Mainland UK addresses by DPD who generally provide a one-hour window of delivery on the morning of delivery by email or text message. If you need this item faster, please upgrade to a Before 12 service at checkout.
FREE delivery within mainland UK
UK Non-Mainland: £ 12
Rep. of Ireland and Mainland Europe: from £ 15 (calculated at checkout).
Order this item before 4pm and receive it on the next working day, mainland UK only*
1 Recommended Accessory
Additional Information
On demo in store No Brand Orange Condition New Amp Use Bass Amp Type Cab Power 301-400W

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Divi By Elegant Themes
Amy Valentine, Web Designer, NZ
My usual haunt for sourcing quality WordPress themes is Theme Forest, one of the fabulous resources available from Envato, this is my default go-to site when looking to customise a theme for a client. But in December 2013 Nick Roach and the talented guys at Elegant Themes released their latest WordPress theme, Divi. Little did we ET customers know we were about to be spoiled forever….let me explain.
We were pretty busy at Wicked Website Designs the first quarter of 2014 so it wasn't until March that I was commissioned to create a site that was ideal to put Divi through its paces. Having been an Elegant Themes customer since 2010 and very familiar with their excellent theme quality and support, Divi is the product of 12 months of hard work and vision to create the ultimate WordPress theme with endless possibilities for layouts and styling.
Web Design By Wicked Website Designers
One of my favourite features is the Parallax effect on images. I'm a big fan of creating interesting and engaging ways to interact with customers and had a ball working on Alison Monaghan's health and wellness website HappiSoul.com. Incorporating the round Mandala logo throughout the site meant we opted to use the background parallax feature using 3 colours to create to scrolling and flow-over text effect.
Next I convinced Gerry O'Neil to let me overhaul his website from the theme we'd installed in 2012 and showcase his musical talents using the new Divi slider and galleries.
Web Design By Wicked Website Designers
"Then Divi2.0 was released with even more modules and features added…"
Then…Divi2.0 was released with even more modules and features added, plus a ton of pre-made templates in the Page Builder, so you can easily create basic layouts and just edit to suit your content.
I immediately knew Wendy Kerr's Corporate Crossovers website makeover would also be perfect using Divi to showcase her podcasts using the Audio module.
Web Design By Wicked Website Designers
"When you need an eCommerce solution, a visual portfolio showcasing your work/talents, or marketing and lead generation pages, Divi is your one-stop solution."
With WooCommerce integration as standard we recently put Divi through it's paces as an ecommerce solution on Camper Essentials.
Web Design By Wicked Website Designers
The ePanel features a custom CSS section where you can easily modify almost any element of your Divi site, or if CSS is a foreign language to you check out CSS Hero plugin, an intuitive WordPress plugin to simplify the customisation process.
As a bonus, if you are an Elegant Themes customer and are using Divi, I recommend you head over to Facebook and join the single most useful and helpful Private Group I have the pleasure of being a part of: Divi Theme Help & Share.
Created by the awesome SJ James and a bunch of web developer/designer admins, this group features some excellent tips and CSS tricks, freely shared by active members and users of this incredible theme.
Looking for inspiration with Divi? Check out these excellent resources that have sprung up from fans and lovers of Divi:
Divi Tutorials – by the team at Elegant Themes – this should be your first go-to resource for learning how to use Divi.
Divi Video Tutorials – by Elegant Themes. Perfect for a quick overview of each module, plus lots more video tutorials.
Divi Theme Examples – site created and curated by Craig Longmuir showcasing websites built using the Divi themes.
Divi Theme Examples Resources – want to customise your Divi site? Bookmark this great custom css resource.
Quiroz.co – Geno Quiroz uses Divi on his website and his blog posts are a rich source of custom css snippets and tutorials.
Divi.space – by SJ James, creator of the FB Private Group and css master! Another excellent resource to bookmark.
ElegantChildThemes.com – founded by Nathan Duvall, author of the child theme I use on this website!
2 Comments
craig on November 21, 2014 at 4:51 pm
thanks for adding 🙂
Divi Gallery on August 21, 2016 at 4:24 pm
What a great list Amy. Divi 2.o has been great so far. I can't wait to see what Divi 3.0 brings. Looking forward to your write up on it. Also, feel free to add https://divigallery.com to the list 🙂


text:
Call us:
Restoration of Torah Ministries
About Us
The Weekly Torah Portion
Torah Portions - English
Adult Crossword Puzzles and Word Searches
Youth Torah Lessons
Children's Word Search & Crossword Puzzles
Haftarah Connection
Torah Portions - Espanol
Torah Portions - Nederlands (Dutch)
Tieners Torah Portie
Torah Portions - French
Haftarah Connections French
Articles & Thematic Studies
Addressing False Teachings
Messianic Links
Churches Embracing Hebraic Restoration
Hebraic Homeschooling Resources
Upcoming Conferences
Tony on TV
The Passion Of The Christ Series
Why and How non-Jewish Believers Left Their Hebraic Roots Series
The Passion Of The Christ Series
The Passion Of The Christ Series
Have you felt uneasy about going to see the new movie, 'The Passion of the Christ'? Are you tired of people telling you that you can't make a judgment about this movie without going to see it? Do you need some encouragement because others are giving you a hard time about your decision not to see this movie? Are you still gathering information to determine whether or not you want to see 'The Passion of the Christ'? Have you seen the movie, but wonder why someone else wouldn't want to see it? You've come to the right place. The following articles are written for those 1) who have decided not to see this movie, 2) those who are trying to decide whether or not they want to see it and 3) those who want to understand why someone wouldn't want to see it.
By the Testimony of Two or Three Witnesses
Truth, the Main Ingredient of Deception
Is the Passion of the Christ Really Based on the Gospels
Revealing the Purpose of the Passion
Concerning the Passion and Idolatry
Connecting the Passion to Entertainment
The Passion of Samson
About Us
The Weekly Torah Portion
RTM (Restoration of Torah Ministries) is a Hebraic Roots, Messianic, Judeo-Christian ministry designed to share the news of Torah and Yeshua.
All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction forbidden under US and International Copyright Law.
Copyright © 2013 Restoration of Torah Ministries.
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text:
Information For
Prospective Students
Faculty & Staff
Current Students
Local Community
Visit Us
About Trinity
Urban + Global
Student Life
News + Events
General Information and FAQs
Reunion Giving
Look Who's Coming
Reunion Committees
50th Reunion
Hotel Information
On-Campus Housing
Currently selected
Reunion Planning and Programming Staff
Reunion Records
Trinity College
On-Campus Housing
On-Campus Housing
Page Content
On-Campus Housing
We are working with your Reunion class committee on the selection of dorms and room assignments. If you wish to be assigned to a dorm room close to you classmate(s), you and the other parties must make that request in writing — and in advance — on the reservation form before the registration deadline of June 2. We will then do our best to fulfill your request and to house alumni by class. Class housing locations will not be announced until shortly before Reunion. Room assignments will be distributed when you check in at Reunion Headquarters. We will provide you with a clean room and shared bathroom facilities in one of the on-campus residence halls or apartments. The bed is either a full size or a twin extra long depending on the dorm assignment. A limited number of on-site reservations will be permitted however, advance planning will ensure a more enjoyable experience. No pets are allowed in the residence halls. Children under age 16 must be accompanied by an adult at all times during Reunion and while in the dorms.
Alumni with Children
To accommodate the needs of families, we will house them together.
Arriving after Reunion Headquarters Closes?
If you plan on arriving after Reunion Headquarters closes, please go to Campus Safety to pick up your room assignment.
Reunion Headquarters will be open:
Friday, June 9: 9:00 a.m.–8:00 p.m. and Saturday, June 10: 8:30 a.m.–8:00 p.m.
What to Pack
To make the bare rooms a little cozier, consider packing a nightlight, reading lamp, travel alarm clock, notepad and pen, hangers, and maybe even an extra pillow or bath towel. All restrooms and showers are "down the hall," so be prepared to dress for the walk. Bring casual summer clothes, a sweater for the cooler evenings, one outfit that's fit for a festive class dinner and dancing the night away, and rain gear, just in case. Don't forget to bring athletic wear and your own towel if you plan on using the athletic facilities or participating in any alumni sporting events.
For housing frequently asked questions,
click here
300 Summit Street, Hartford CT 06106 | Tel. 860.297.2000
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text:
Sunday 4 November 1956
It was Sunday, under the sign of Scorpio. The US president was Dwight D. Eisenhower (Republican).
Famous people born on this day include Jeff Watson and Tom Greenhalgh.
In that special week of November people in US were listening to The Green Door by Jim Lowe.
In UK A Woman In Love by Frankie Laine was in the top 5 hits.
Friendly Persuasion, directed by William Wyler, was one of the most viewed movies released in 1956
while Don'T Go Near The Water by William Brinkley was one of the best selling books.
On TV people were watching Air Power.
But much more happened that day: find out below..
You can also have a look at the whole 1956 or at November 04 across the years.
Old Newspapers
Have a look at the old newspapers from 4 November 1956 and get them!
TV Series
Which were the most popular TV series released in the last 30 days ?
Which were the most popular movies released in the last 30 days ?
Find out your future
Get a FREE Numerology report based on the digits of 4 November 1956!
Wish him/her..
Historical Events
Which were the important events of 4 November 1956 ?
Famous Birthdays:
- Jeff Watson: Rock guitarist (Night Ranger).
- Tom Greenhalgh: Swedish singer-songwriter (The Mekons).
- James Honeyman-Scott: English guitarist and songwriter (The Pretenders) (Born 1956).
- Jordan Rudess: American keyboard player and songwriter (Dream Theater Liquid Tension Experiment and Dixie Dregs).
Famous Deaths:
- Art[hur] Tatum: US jazz pianist / composer, dies at 46.
- 200,000 Russian troops attack anti-Stalinist revolt in Budapest
- Israel captures Straits of Tiran and reach Suez Canal Egypt
- USSR sends tanks into Hungary and threatens to bomb Budapest
- Soviet troops enter Hungary to end the Hungarian revolution against the Soviet Union, that started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded, and nearly a quarter million leave the country.
Featured Contents
Would you like to write an original contribution on a topic related to this specific date and get featured on Takemeback.to ? Send us your proposal!
Music Charts
Which were the top hits in that special week of November 1956 ?
Top #3 songs in the USA
Search For Your Ancestors
Subscribe to our Newsletter
Don't miss our monthly news, no spam guarantee Click here to Subscribe
...and if 4 November 1956 was your Birth Date then Join our Birthday Club!
Make this date unforgettable
Genealogy: find out your family heritage
Which were the most popular books released in the last weeks ?


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Your password reset has been submitted to the address provided.
Design plus words, letters, and/or numbers
Bowling bags; Bowling balls; Bowling pins
Business in Fort Myers, FL


text:
Mechanical And Electrical Layout For Feed Mill
VOC,Community College of Baltimore County
Demonstrate understanding of the layout for installing electrical fixtures. 5. Perform .... 2. identify mechanical and electrical components of refrigeration systems; 3. perform .... 2. demonstrate the ability to calculate speeds and feeds of a mill,Read More
Hon Yung Feed Mill,Crusher USA
» cone stone crusher conveyor line design » pfister feeder coal handling problems » mini triple roller mill ... Previoushon yung feed mill Nextdense media separation manganese More details. homemade stamp mill quartz crusher ...Read More
Niagara Power Project,New York Power Authority
And our Niagara Power Plant will continue to produce steady supplies of ... that power generators, converting this mechanical energy into electrical energy.Read More
Iowa Central: Electrical/Mechanical Technology Program
The Electrical/Mechanical Technician program was designed in response to industry needs. ... entry-level positions working as a machine repairer, building and plant maintenance, and also as a plant maintenance electrician. ... WEL-213, Fabrication, Layout, Estimating & Repair ... Subscribe to the Iowa Central News Feed!Read More
Fall 2014,Younglove Construction, LLC
Nov 4, 2014 ... Expansion Is Mechanically Complete! Grain .... Feed Mill and Grain Storage; Fries Farms, L.L.C.; Surrency, GA ... layout of electrical equipment.Read More
River Consulting
River Consulting provided electrical, piping and mechanical engineering design, including equipment layout and vendor drawing review for the processing upgrade for a graham flour mill client. ... Grain Facility Structural Assessment Program.Read More
Mechanical Milling Preparation Methods In Nano Technology
ball milling method of preparation of nanomaterials »ball and race type pulverizer »solutions design consultants for ball mill »choosing ball milling media in ceramic slips »ball mill for ceramics in dubaiRead More
General Plant Operator Testing Battery,Southern Company
related to the electrical, operations and mechanical tasks performed by .... c) Know how to read and interpret electrical diagrams; know how to calculate electrical .... a) Know the design and definition of a boiler feed pump and how it operates;.Read More
Feed Mill Plant Layout Guidelines,Protable Plant
feed mill plant layout guidelines-related information, including: Quotes,Price,Manufacturers,Parts : dana woldow issues a challenge to every member of congressRead More
Original:Small scale Manufacture of Compound Animal Feed 7 ...
Jul 14, 2011 ... [edit] Selection and layout of feed milling equipment ... On arrival it is placed on a level (concrete) base, and the electricity supply ... operation involved in feed manufacture, since no amount of mechanical processing can make ...Read More
Mechanical And Electrical Layout For Feed Mill
Mechanical And Electrical Layout For Feed Mill. electrical design parameters of crushing plant. in therolling and crushing mills and in electrical and mechanical design features TheThe design for of pelleted feedFormulated feed areRead More
universal feed mill corporation
Universal Feed Mill Corporation,Facebook. Universal Feed Mill Corporation, Consolacion, Philippines. 610 likes · 13 talking about this. Unversal Feed Mill Corporation is one of the leading feed...Read More
Electrical Design Manual,United States Department of ...
Electrical Design Manual . ... spaces/uses, and specific design parameters for structural, electrical, and mechanical service. The Design Guides accomplish this by: ... Center switchboards which feed large horsepower pump motors controlled by adjustable speedRead More
Poultry Feed Mill Layout Ppt,Crusher USA
» poultry feed mill manufacturer suppliers uk » poultry feed mill layout ppt » what coal mill, vertical roller mill, raw mill, ball mill etc » building layout of poultry feed millRead More
Kevin Roden,LinkedIn
Draftsman Involved with Abattoir, Rendering plant, waste water, stock feed mill. Worked on Mechanical, Structural, Civil and Electrical drawings. Design layout of projects, from conceptual ideas to final design. Detailing workshop drawings, ...Read More
Feed Mill Design,Feed & Grain Buyers Guide
Sep 30, 2014 ... Equipment layout/general arrangement Civil engineering/track design Industrial ... Structural engineering; Mechanical & electrical engineering ...Read More
layout design of feed mills vertical, feed mill mechanical design
CGM @ rights reserved / feed mill mechanical design, layout design of feed mills vertical ...Read More
simple feed mill factory layout design Grinding Mill China
Mechanical Design & Drafting Plant Layout. Feed Mill; Sand Plant; Materials Handling. Surge Bin; Apron Feeder » Free Online Chat. Feed Mill Equipment Feed Equipment ... Feasibility Assignment Unit 1: Feed Mill Layout Design; FeedRead More
Microgeneration,Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In addition to the electricity production plant (e.g. wind turbine and solar panel), ... world, a prefabricated house-wiring systems (as wiring harnesses or prefabricated ... The conversion from mechanical to electrical energy is done using a .... of market price for any electricity they feed back into the grid, and businesses who set ...Read More
your partners for biomass energy projects,Barr Engineering
civil, structural, process, mechanical, and electrical engineering; air, water .... A steam plant at which Cook Engineering worked on a biomass- energy project .... animal-feed markets. ... biomass system from fuel-yard layout through biomass.Read More
Chemical plant,Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A chemical plant is an industrial process plant that manufactures (or ... plant as input to be converted into a product is commonly called a feedstock, or simply feed. .... aspects of a plant design are determined, mechanical or electrical engineers may ... Process flow diagrams may use more detailed symbols and show pumps, ...Read More
Next Post: coal pulverizer for rolling mill pdf


text:
AVAD Helps Dealers Expand into Security through New Offerings from DSC and COPS Monitoring
Leading distributor now offers security products, systems and monitoring services - serving as the installer's single source for custom electronics solutions
AVAD LLC, North America's leading distributor of custom electronics, announced a new offering of products for security systems and security monitoring services through distribution agreements with industry leaders DSC and COPS Monitoring. In expanding its products, training programs and services to include security—in addition to boasting the industry's best brands of residential and commercial AV products—AVAD reinforces its commitment to serving as the custom installer's single solutions -provider for any application. AVAD will present attendees to CEDIA Expo 2009 with an opportunity to learn more about DSC, COPS Monitoring and more as part of its "One Call Does it All" demo in booth #1761.
Beyond simply serving as a link between installers and security products and services, AVAD will offer dealers assistance in expanding into the market by providing training and support on how to install, market and sell security to their clients.
"Our dealers look to AVAD to help them identify and enter into new markets and profit centers," said Jim Annes, vice president and general manager of AVAD. "AVAD has a long -standing reputation with our dealers, and within the custom electronics industry, as a supplier truly focused on the needs of the custom installer which is why we are expanding our product offering to include security. With the addition of product offerings from DSC and COPS Monitoring, AVAD dealers can depend on AVAD to serve as their 'one -stop' shop for virtually any project—including residential, commercial and security."
DSC products combine the latest in technology with years of experience to offer custom installers easy to install, easy to use, scalable security solutions for residential and commercial applications. The DSC products stocked by AVAD include complete security systems, wireless control panels and wireless remotes and keypads, motion detectors and sirens.
Additionally, AVAD's lineup of security products from DSC adds yet another segment of products to its popular Integration Partners program. The AVAD Integration Partners program creates complete solutions among the company's roster of residential, commercial and security technology manufacturers by having their respective engineering departments work together to provide a robust feature set with seamless interoperability.
Leveraging its national buying power to negotiate profitable monitoring rates, AVAD will offer dealers COPS Monitoring services, allowing them to maximize on opportunities for security installations. COPS Monitoring offers a number of services including a dedicated dealer support team, direct billing, a secure internet -based dealer access program, and more.
For more information on AVAD, please visit http://www.avad.com.


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Re: IRISH GOLDS.
In reply to:
Re: IRISH GOLDS.
HI Geraldine;I am glad to hear from you, at this time we have no idea if we are looking for the same family or not. But we have to exchangewhat little we do know about the Gold's, and see if any of it matches up.
MY record shows that Michael Gold was born in abt. 1758 near Sheffield, England. Michael and 2 brothers, David and Johnathan came as soldiers of the British army. When their ship docked in an American harbor, [Charlston, SC.],at night,they slipped overboard and swam ashore and joined the American cause.After the War,Michael married, unknown,and had 4 sons, and possibly 2 daus.. Shown in the 1790 census of SC.and in the 1800 Census, his brother Johnathan is shown in that census with his family.Johnathan Gold, males under 5, two.-- females, 10-15, one.--males 30-40, one.--females 5-10, three.--Females 20-30, one--under 5, females one. This is the last trace of Johnathan [bro. to Michael].Looks like Johnathan had 2 sons, born between 1795 and 1800.
Michael, migrated to Lincoln County, TN. and raised four sons;Zachariah, b. 1787, Johnathan, b, 1788. David, b. 1791, and Thomas Gold, b. 1794. They all 4 fought in the war of 1812. Zachariah Gold stayed in Lincoln and Marshall Counties in Marshall Co, TN.and has descendants there.Thomas Gold went to Jackson County, Alabama, and raised his family and has many descendants there. Johnathan Gold, came to SW. MO. in 1852 and has many descendants here.
David Gold [brother to Michael was lost in the Revolutionary, War. And David Gold son of Nichael Gold, was lost in the War of 1812.I have lots of documents to prove moste of this record, and some Affidavidt from older generations about our ancestors.
You ask about the books,I wrote one in 1988,"Traces of Gold"first edition,and in 1994 I wrote" Traces of Gold" second edition.since then and the computor, our records keeps getting bigger.I have cousins that just keep showing up. via email, etc. I hope we canconnect we your JOhn Gold, which could possibly be one of those two sons of Johnathan Gold who was born in about 1795--1799.
Our Gold Re-union is, August 12, 2001 at Crane, Mo. wish you could be there.
My email firstname.lastname@example.com
ps-- we need dates, places, names, etc. I had one person from Florida, that thought he may be descended through Johnathan, [bro. to Michael, but no luck researching his family,other records thoughtJohnathan may have migrated to KY.,and then on west.What state do you live in. ?YOUR COUSIN--??????Ray Gold
More Replies:
Re: IRISH GOLDS.
Rodney 4/05/02


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Mostly, major part of rural market holds a very divergent pattern of reacting to marketing. So, marketer needs to design a specific marketing mix for the rural segments. For rural market, a marketing manager has three options – one is, to design marketing programme common for all types of customers; the second is, to design marketing programme purely for rural customers; and the third is, to design marketing programme for customers residing in rural but reacting as if they were global.
Excepts some villagers of some progressive states like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana, etc., most rural customers are poor, backward, illiterate, and orthodox. They vary significantly in terms of preference and habits. They are to be treated in different patterns.
Our discussion emphasizes on major rural markets with rural characteristics:
1. More Prospective:
With the initiation of various rural development programmes, there has been an upsurge of employment opportunities for the rural poor. One of the biggest cause behind the steady growth of rural market is that it is not exploited and also yet to be explored.
2. Size:
The rural market in India is vast and scattered, and offers a plethora of opportunities in comparison to the urban sector. It covers the maximum population and regions, and thereby, the maximum number of consumers. Rural market is account for about 74% of total Indian population.
3. Nature:
The social status of the rural regions is precarious (uncertain) as the income level and literacy is extremely low along with the range of traditional values and superstitious beliefs that have always been a major impediment (obstacle) in the progression of this sector.
4. Response to Products:
Product-related features of rural segment are:
i. Rural markets (buyers) believe in product utility rather than status and prestige. However, they like novel products with distinctive features.
ii. Most village customers consider tastes rather than usefulness in long run.
iii. They like simple and long-life products. They are interested in immediate results. Products must offer immediate benefits.
iv. They respond to those products that suit their religious faith, and social norms and customs.
v. They ask for such products which can assists in their traditional occupations and life style.
vi. They have minimum urge for individuality. They prefer family-used products than personal- used products.
vii. They strongly prefer such products that can change and improve their life-style.
viii. They are less concerned with product services associated with products like after-sales services, guarantee and warrantee, home delivery, and other similar services. Branding, packaging, and labeling have less influence compared to urban segments.
5. Response to Price:
Price-related features of rural segments include:
i. Rural customers are price-sensitive and highly influenced by level of pricing. Price is the strongest factor that affects their buying decision.
ii. They buy those products which are low in price and medium in quality.
iii. They are easily attracted by price discounts and rebates.
iv. They prefer credit facility. They normally have strong desire to postpone payment for certain period.
v. Some middle class rural customers are attracted by installment and loan facility.
6. Response to Promotion:
Promotion-related features of rural segment include:
i. Rural customers are highly attracted by local and regional promotional efforts.
ii. Their reference groups consist of educated and non-educated family members and relatives living in urban areas and foreign countries as well.
iii. Personal selling seems more influential to convince rural mass.
iv. They are attracted by such sales promotional tools or articles which are useful in their routine life such as knife, gas lighter, rings, key-chains, caps, photos of local actors, calendars and cards with religious impression, etc.
v. They have a strong faith on local religious and spiritual leaders. Such leaders are among the most influential reference groups.
vi. Publicity efforts related to local vocational and agricultural activities can impress them.
vii. They can be appealed by visual or pictorial advertisements published in local and regional languages.
7. Response to Distribution:
Distribution-related features of rural segment include:
i. Normally, they buy from familiar retailers and salesmen. They are hesitant to buy from big shopping malls or departmental stores. However, situation is changing gradually.
ii. Rural customers strongly favour relations. They continue buying from known and established retailers who maintain close family relations with them.
iii. Mostly they buy from retail outlets situated in rural or sub-urban areas. However, some rural customers like to buy products from nearby cities also.
iv. Normally they place frequent orders of small in size. They lack storage facilities.
v. They are not interested in home-delivery. They want immediate possession. They lack patience. They are found eager to possess and use the products immediately.
vi. Caste, religion, political party, relations, etc., play important role in selecting the retailers.
vii. Online and direct marketing are not much popular in rural areas. Sometimes, a few of them are interested in network marketing.
8. Predictability:
Unlike urban markets, the rural markets are difficult to predict, and possess special characteristics. The featured population is predominantly illiterate, have low and irregular income, lack of monthly income, and flow of income fluctuating with the monsoon winds. They don't have a stable pattern of reacting due to income factors.
9. Role of Government:
Demand of products depends on availability of basic facilities like electricity, transportation, schools, hospitals, etc. The steps taken by the Government of India to initiate proper irrigation, infrastructural developments, prevention of flood, grants for fertilizers, and various schemes to cut down the poverty line have improved the condition of the rural masses. Rural market depends on government's contribution to the rural sector.
10. Rigidity:
Most rural customers are illiterate, backward, and orthodox. It is very difficult to convince them to buy the products. They believe in the present and lack ambitions.
11. High Level of Heterogeneity:
We find different types of buyers in rural areas. Some are simple, while some are sophisticated; some are extreme rich, while some are extreme poor; some are highly educated, while some are complete illiterate; some are dynamic and modern, while some are very rigid and orthodox; some believe in quality and status, while some believe in availability and price.
Rural customers are gradually transforming into urban, metropolitan, and even cosmopolitan customers. Improved education, rapid means of transportation, access to advance communication, raised living standards, craze to follow modern (even ultramodern) life pattern, and many similar factors have drastically changed rural consumer behaviour. The gap between urban and rural segments tends to be notably narrow. Sometimes, rural and urban customers exhibit no difference at all.


text:
Will Nortriptyline give a false positive for an opiate?
- Asked
- 6 Sep 2012 by Desire2727
- Active
- 11 Sep 2012
- Topics
- nortriptyline, opiate
Responses (1)
Further Information
- Nortriptyline Information for Consumers
- Nortriptyline Information for Healthcare Professionals (includes dosage details)
- Side Effects of Nortriptyline (detailed)
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News and Blogs
Huffington Post Article on Middle Neighborhoods
Rep. Dwight Evans, U.S. Representative, Pennsylvania's 2nd Congressional District and Paul C. Brophy, Principal, Brophy & Reilly LLC have penned an article on the importance of Middle Neighborhoods for The Huffington Post.
Across The Country, Some Neighborhoods Are Thriving And Some Struggling, But What About The Ones That Fall Somewhere In The Middle?
Forbes' Article Spotlights Middle Neighborhoods
Forbes contributor Erik Sherman's interview with Congressman Dwight Evans about Middle Neighborhoods
Register for Reinventing Our Communities: Transforming Our Economies
Register now for the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia's 2016 conference Reinventing Our Communities: Transforming Our Economies. This national biennial conference will be held Wednesday, September 21, to Friday, September 23, 2016, at the Hilton Philadelphia at Penn's Landing.
American Assembly Urban Director Nicholas Hamilton to Speak July 13th at Flanders House/UN Habitat Event
Assembly Urban Director Nicholas Hamilton will be a panelistat a seminar entitled "Regeneration of Urban Regions through Integrated Spatial and Economic Policies" on Wednesday the 13th of July at the Flanders House/UN Habitat event. The debate will focus on the"Regeneration of urban regions through integrated spatial and economic policies", using examples of Flanders (City of Genk, etc.) and the US (Legacy Cities).
The American Assembly Receives 220K Grant from The Arcadia Fund for The Open Syllabus Project
Monday, May 16, 2016
Location: New York, NY
CONTACT: Joe Karaganis, Vice President, The American Assembly, 212-870-3500
National Trust for Historic Preservation Awards The American Assembly a Preservation Grant Towards the Legacy City Preservation Project
A consortium including the Legacy Cities Partnership at The American Assembly and the Preservation Rightsizing Network (PRN) has released a new Action Agenda for Historic Preservation in Legacy Cities, which lays out a wide-ranging plan to address urban challenges by advancing new development while protecting communities' cultural heritage.
The U.S. and Southern Africa: Progress, Potential & Stable States (Feb 1-3, 2016)
For the 57th year in a row, the Assembly is a cosponsor of the Air Force Academy Assembly—a cadet-led forum on national security issues that typically includes several high-level foreign policy keynotes. Following previous year Assemblies on India, China, and Brazil, this year's event focuses on security and stability issues related to Southern Africa.
Assembly Trustee Charles Benton (1931-2015)
The Role of the Securities and Exchange Commission in a Changing World
- 1 of 4
- ››


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Background: The Pentagon and intelligence agencies believe that climate changes will cause humanitarian crises and destabilize regions of the world, possibly leading to military intervention.
What's changing: Military and foreign policy officials, who for years analyzed the impact of dependence on foreign sources of energy, are now considering the implications of global warming in national security planning documents.
The future: National security arguments will be used to press for climate and energy legislation in the Senate next month.
WASHINGTON – The changing global climate will pose profound strategic challenges to the United States in coming decades, raising the prospect of military intervention to deal with the effects of violent storms, drought, mass migration and pandemics, military and intelligence analysts say.
Such climate-induced crises could topple governments, feed terrorist movements or destabilize entire regions, say the analysts, experts at the Pentagon and intelligence agencies who for the first time are taking a serious look at the national security implications of climate change.
Recent war games and intelligence studies conclude that over the next 20 to 30 years, vulnerable regions, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and South and Southeast Asia, will face the prospect of food shortages, water crises and catastrophic flooding driven by climate change that could demand an American humanitarian relief or military response.
An exercise in December at the National Defense University, an educational institute overseen by the military, explored the potential impact of a flood in Bangladesh that sent hundreds of thousands of refugees streaming into neighboring India, touching off religious conflict, the spread of contagious diseases and vast damage to infrastructure.
"It gets real complicated real quickly," said Amanda Dory, the deputy assistant secretary of defense for strategy, who is working with a Pentagon group assigned to incorporate climate change into national security strategy planning.
Much of the public and political debate on global warming has focused on finding substitutes for fossil fuels, reducing emissions that contribute to greenhouse gases and furthering negotiations toward an international climate treaty – not on potential security challenges.
But a growing number of policymakers say the world's rising temperatures, surging seas and melting glaciers are a direct threat to the national interest. If the United States does not lead the world in reducing fossil-fuel consumption and thus emissions of global warming gases, proponents of this view say, a series of global environmental, social, political and possibly military crises loom that the nation will urgently have to address.
This argument could prove a fulcrum for debate in the Senate next month, when it takes up climate and energy legislation passed in June by the House.
Lawmakers leading the debate before Congress are only now beginning to make the national security argument for approving the legislation.
Sen. John Kerry, D-Mass., chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee and a leading advocate for the climate legislation, said he hoped to sway Senate skeptics by pressing that issue to pass a meaningful bill.
Kerry said he had spoken with 30 undecided senators on the matter. He did not identify the senators he had approached, but the list of undecideds includes many from coal and manufacturing states and from the South and Southeast, which will face the sharpest energy price increases from any carbon emissions control program.
"I've been making this argument for a number of years," Kerry said, "but it has not been a focus because a lot of people had not connected the dots." He said he had urged President Barack Obama to make the case, too.
Kerry said the continuing conflict in southern Sudan, which has killed and displaced tens of thousands of people, was a result of drought and expansion of deserts in the north. "That is going to be repeated many times over and on a much larger scale," he said.
The Department of Defense's assessment of the security issue came about after prodding by Congress to include climate issues in the Pentagon's strategic plans – specifically in 2008 budget authorizations by Democrat Hillary Rodham Clinton and Republican John Warner, then senators. The department's climate modeling is based on sophisticated Navy and Air Force weather programs and other government climate research programs at NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
The Pentagon and the State Department for years have studied issues arising from dependence on foreign sources of energy but are only now considering the effects of global warming in their long-term planning documents. The Pentagon will include a climate section in the Quadrennial Defense Review, due in February; the State Department will address the issue in its new Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review.
"The sense that climate change poses security and geopolitical challenges is central to the thinking of the State Department and the climate office," said Peter Ogden, chief of staff to Todd Stern, the State Department's top climate negotiator.
Although military and intelligence planners have been aware of the challenges posed by climate changes for some years, the Obama administration has made it a central policy focus.
A changing climate presents a range of challenges for the military. Many of its critical installations are vulnerable to rising seas and storm surges. In Florida, Homestead Air Force Base was essentially destroyed by Hurricane Andrew in 1992, and Hurricane Ivan badly damaged Pensacola Naval Air Station in 2004. Military planners are studying ways to protect the major naval stations in Norfolk, Va., and San Diego from climate-induced rising seas and severe storms.
Another vulnerable installation is Diego Garcia, an atoll in the Indian Ocean that serves as a logistics hub for American and British forces in the Middle East and is a few feet above sea level.
Arctic melting also presents new problems for the military. The shrinking of the ice cap, which is proceeding faster than anticipated only a few years ago, opens a shipping channel that must be defended and undersea resources that are already the focus of international competition.
Dory, who has held senior Pentagon posts since the Clinton administration, said she had seen a significant change in the military's thinking about climate change in the past year. "These issues now have to be included and wrestled with" in drafting national security strategy, she said.
The National Intelligence Council, which produces government-wide intelligence analyses, produced the first assessment of the national security implications of global climate change last year. It concluded that climate change by itself would have significant geopolitical impacts around the world and would contribute to a host of problems, including poverty, environmental degradation and the weakening of national governments.
The assessment warned that the storms, droughts and food shortages that might result from a warming planet in coming decades would create numerous relief emergencies.Copyright © 2017, The San Diego Union-Tribune


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Online Class
Crochet: Basics & Beyond
with Kim Werker
Adult sized version of the Baby and Kids Bobble Boots! Awesome snuggly warm slippers for the biggest kids! Sized S(5/6), M(7/8), L(9/10), and XL(11/12) BASIC SKILLS NECESSARY basic crochet stitches post stitches work in the round, with joins GAUGE 7 hdc sts=2' 4 hdc rows=2" SIZING / FINISHED MEASUREMENTS S, M, L, XL


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Wessex FM News
Dorset Veterans Embark On New Mission
8:48am 10th June 2013
Dorset veterans are embarking on a new mission today - they're setting off on a battle field tour of Belgium.
The party of 55 former soldiers are from the Devon and Dorset Regimental Association.
They've been asked to lay the first wreath at the Last Post ceremony at the Menin Gate in Ypres, which is a memorial to more than 54,000 commonwealth soldiers whose bodies were never recovered.
Their battlefield tour will include a visit to the infamous Hill 60 where 1st Dorsets were gassed in May 1915 and to Ploegsteert (known affectionately among the soldiers at the time as Plug Street Wood) - the area where the famous Christmas Truce football match was played and close to where Winston Churchill commanded a WW1 battalion.
Major Nick Speakman, who's organised the trip, told Wessex FM what the trip would mean to those going, "A lot of them will have family associations with those who fought in the First War. So yes, it's going to be really exciting and at times quite moving."
He continued to say how pleased he was that they could lay the first wreath, "That's a peculiar honour, and we're very proud to be able to do that. It's on behalf of all Dorsets who fought in World War One. We're remembering what our fore fathers did and showing that the present members are concerned and remember what our fore fathers did on our behalf."
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Picture: Chanelle Hayes from Big Brother 8 goes shopping with her adopted mother Christine in Covent garden. Chanelle has had a busy morning after appearing for...
The former lover of ex-England manager Sven-Goran Eriksson has reportedly checked into the Priory to be treated for depression.
Faria Alam is apparently suffering from "deep depression" after the News of the World claimed to have unmasked her as a high-class prostitute.
The Sunday tabloid filmed the 40-year-old allegedly discussing "party tricks" and her £8,000 fee for three-hour sex sessions.
Now sister paper the Sun says that "devastated" Alam, who left her job as a Football Association PA in 2005 after high-profile affairs with then England manager Eriksson and chief executive Mark Palios, has turned to the celeb clinic in Roehampton, south-west London.
"To say Faria is devastated is a huge understatement. Her life after Sven has been all about her image. She thinks no-one will touch her with a barge pole now," a source told the tabloid.
The source added that the former Celebrity Big Brother contestant had "blown" any chance of a career in the public eye.
Alam has already dubbed the News of the World's claims as "nonsense".
09/02/2007 12:08:51