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The origin of brown adipocytes arising in white adipose tissue (WAT) after cold acclimatization is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that several UCP1-immunoreactive brown adipocytes occurring in WAT after cold acclimatization have a mixed morphology (paucilocular adipocytes). These cells also had a mixed mitochondrioma with classic "brown" and "white" mitochondria, suggesting intermediate steps in the process of direct transformation of white into brown adipocytes (transdifferentiation). Quantitative electron microscopy disclosed that cold exposure (6°C for 10 days) did not induce an increase in WAT preadipocytes. β3-adrenoceptor-knockout mice had a blunted brown adipocyte occurrence upon cold acclimatization. Administration of the β3-adrenoceptor agonist CL316,243 induced the occurrence of brown adipocytes, with the typical morphological features found after cold acclimatization. In contrast, administration of the β1-adrenoceptor agonist xamoterol increased only the number of preadipocytes. These findings indicate that transdifferentiation depends on β3-adrenoceptor activation, whereas preadipocyte recruitment is mediated by β1-adrenoceptor. RT-qPCR experiments disclosed that cold exposure induced enhanced expression of the thermogenic genes and of genes expressed selectively in brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and in both interscapular BAT and WAT. β3-adrenoceptor suppression blunted their expression only in WAT. Furthermore, cold acclimatization induced an increased WAT expression of the gene coding for C/EBPα (an antimitotic protein), whereas Ccna1 expression (related to cell proliferation) was unchanged. Overall, our data strongly suggest that the cold-induced emergence of brown adipocytes in WAT predominantly reflects β3-adrenoceptor-mediated transdifferentiation.
- development
- white adipose tissue
- interscapular brown adipose tissue
all mammals are provided with two different types of adipose tissues: white adipose tissue (WAT), made up of unilocular (UL) white adipocytes, and brown adipose tissue (BAT), made up of multilocular (ML) brown adipocytes. WAT stores chemical energy (e.g., triglycerides), whereas BAT dissipates it in the form of heat (thermogenesis) (10, 13, 14). It is widely accepted that WAT and BAT are fat depots located in different anatomic sites. However, recent studies have shown that, at least in some murine strains, most of the fat depots are made up of both tissues (for a recent review, see Ref. 18).
It is well established that β-adrenergic stimulation, such as cold acclimatization, not only activates the brown adipocytes in interscapular BAT but also induces the appearance of novel brown adipocytes in WAT (2, 15, 16, 25, 35). However, the origin of these brown adipocytes occurring in WAT is still unclear. Recent data suggest that interscapular brown adipocytes derive from a common precursor that is also able to differentiate into skeletal muscle (3, 57, 63). This common precursor expresses the early marker of myogenesis Myf5 that was shown, by in vivo mapping studies, to be absent from the lineage of the brown adipocytes appearing in WAT upon adrenergic stimulation (57, 63), suggesting that they could have a different origin. Data from our and other laboratories suggest that most of the newly formed brown adipocytes arising upon β-adrenoceptor agonist stimulation derive from the direct transformation of mature white adipocytes (34, 37). This is in line with previous work showing that, in murine WAT, cold acclimatization induces neither an increase in DNA content nor an increased adipocyte number (24, 30, 46, 48). Gene expression studies combined with morphometry and immunohistochemistry have demonstrated that the emergence of brown adipocyte in WAT after 10 days of cold exposure is blunted in β3-adrenoceptor-knockout (β3-KO) compared with wild-type (WT) mice (40), suggesting a crucial role for β3-adrenoceptor in the appearance of novel brown adipocytes in this tissue.
The white/brown plasticity of adipose tissues might have considerable medical implications, since the brown-like phenotype seems to correlate with a reduced propensity for developing obesity and diabetes in mice (1, 4, 42, 43, 48). It also appears to be involved in the ability of the β3-adrenoceptor agonist CL316,243 to curb obesity induced by a high-fat diet in rodents (22, 32, 33, 35). Therefore, the phenomenon of appearance of brown adipocytes in WAT after cold exposure and acclimatization warrants further research, also taking into account recent evidence for functional brown adipocytes in adult humans (27, 56, 67, 68, 70).
In this study we investigated the fine morphology, gene expression, and role of β3-adrenoceptor in the cold-induced emergence of brown adipocytes in mouse WAT. Our findings support the notion that the main phenomenon underpinning the appearance of brown adipocytes in WAT is the direct transformation of mature white adipocytes into brown adipocytes. The process appears to be mediated by β3-adrenoceptor, whose action is blunted in β3-KO mice. However, recruitment of preadipocytes, which seems to be a minor contributor to the phenomenon, does not require a functioning β3-adrenoceptor and seems to be mediated by β1-adrenoceptor stimulation.
β3-KO mice.
C57BL/6J (B6) and 129Sv mice were obtained from BRL (Fullinsdorf, Switzerland). Targeted β3-adrenoceptor disruption was initially generated on a mixed 129Sv × B6 background. The β3-KO mice were then backcrossed with B6 and 129Sv mice to obtain mutated mice with the respective purified genetic backgrounds (98.4% homogeneity). The mice used in this study were the offspring of WT and β3-KO founders from 129Sv and B6 purified genetic backgrounds. Genotyping was performed by Southern blots, as described previously (54). Groups of four 3-mo-old female WT and β3-KO mice of each genetic background were kept above room temperature (24 ± 1°C; controls) or at 6°C for 1, 2, 3, or 10 days. Animals were housed individually with a 12:12-h light-dark cycle and free access to pellet food and water. Care and handling were in accordance with institutional guidelines. Our experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments at the University of Ancona (11 Gen. 2007; protocol no. 585).
Cold acclimatization experiments.
Groups of four 10-wk-old female 129Sv mice (Charles River, Milan, Italy) were housed separately and kept above room temperature (24 ± 1°C; controls) or at 6°C for 1, 3, 5, or 10 days.
β1- and β3-adrenoceptor agonist administration experiments.
Six groups (3 animals each) of 10-wk-old female 129Sv mice (Charles River) kept above room temperature (24 ± 1°C) were given a daily intraperitoneal (ip) injection for 3 or 5 days. Two groups received the β1-adrenoceptor agonist xamoterol hemifumarate (0.144 mg/kg), two groups received the β3-adrenoceptor agonist CL316,243 (0.1 mg/kg; both from Tocris Cookson, Bristol, UK), and two groups received saline (100 μl). Mice were euthanized with an ip overdose of ketamine (100 mg/kg, Ketavet 100; Intervet, Milan, Italy) in combination with xylazine (10 mg/kg, Rompum; Bayer, Milan, Italy). For morphology experiments, the mice were immediately perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, for 5 min.
Real-time quantitative PCR.
Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed on 129Sv mice. Total RNA from interscapular BAT (iBAT), parametrial WAT, which was selected to represent visceral fat (visceral WAT), and inguinal WAT, taken to represent subcutaneous fat (subcutaneous WAT), was purified with Trizol. cDNA was synthesized and analyzed using the ABI PRISM 7700 Sequence Detection System (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA), as described previously (44). Primers for RT-qPCR (Table 1) were designed using Primer Express 2.0 (Applied Biosystems).
Light microscopy.
iBAT, visceral WAT, and subcutaneous WAT were dissected under a Zeiss OPI1 surgical microscope (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany), fixed by immersion (overnight, 4°C), dehydrated, cleared, and finally embedded in paraffin blocks. The tissue was cut into serial 3-μm-thick sections; the first was stained with hematoxylin-eosin for morphological investigations, and the others were processed for immunohistochemistry (see below).
To seek signs of apoptosis (41), we examined 10 random high-power fields (×100) per depot of each mouse as well as all of the sections used for morphometry (×40).
Immunohistochemistry studies were performed on β3-KO subcutaneous WAT, visceral WAT, and iBAT and on subcutaneous WAT from cold-exposed mice (which was also used in the experiments with β1- and β3-adrenoceptor agonists). The tissues were processed with a polyclonal anti-rat uncoupling protein (UCP)1 antibody raised in sheep (kindly provided by D. Ricquier, Paris, France) according to the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method (38). For negative controls, the primary antibody was substituted with sheep IgG. No cross-reaction with UCP2 and UCP3 was observed in tissues expressing high levels of UCP2 (liver) or UCP3 (skeletal muscle).
Morphometry studies were performed on β3-KO subcutaneous WAT and visceral WAT and on subcutaneous WAT from cold-exposed mice (which was also used in the experiments with β1- and β3-adrenoceptor agonists). Adipocytes were identified as UL (containing a single large vacuole), PL (paucilocular; exhibiting a large vacuole surrounded by at least 5 small lipid droplets), or ML (containing more than 5 small, homogeneous lipid droplets). UL, PL, and ML adipocytes were counted, and the proportion of UCP1-immunoreactive (ir) PL and ML cells was calculated in sections by immunohistochemical localization of UCP1 protein. UL adipocyte area was measured on hematoxylin-eosin sections, assuming a spherical shape of these cells. In brief, 300 random adipocyte profiles from different, well-preserved areas of each depot were drawn using a digital image analysis system, and their surface area was measured by light microscopy (×20) using the Nikon Lucia Image program (Laboratory Imaging, Praha, Czech Republic).
Electron microscopy.
Small fragments of tissue (subcutaneous WAT from 129Sv β3-KO mice, iBAT from cold-exposed mice, and subcutaneous WAT for the β1- and β3-adrenoceptor agonist experiments) were used for electron microscopy (EM) studies (47).
Sections from the subcutaneous depot were from areas containing ML cells. In this study, we considered as preadipocytes all poorly differentiated cells surrounded by a distinct basal membrane located in the capillary wall in a pericytic position, as described in our studies and in articles by other researchers (5, 19, 45, 50, 59, 61). Preadipocytes were counted in each section and compared with the total number of adipocytes. Results are given as preadipocyte density (preadipocyte number/100 adipocytes).
Statistical analysis.
Results are given as means ± SE. Differences between group means were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (InStat; GraphPad, San Diego, CA). Differences between groups were considered significant when P ≤ 0.05.
Brown adipocytes in WAT have two distinct morphologies.
The majority (>95%) of adipocytes found in the visceral and the subcutaneous depots of control mice (24°C) had the classic features of white adipocytes (UL cells devoid of UCP1 immunoreactivity).
Brown adipocytes (UCP-ir cells) were seen only in the subcutaneous depot in 129Sv mice (Fig. 1). They displayed two distinct morphologies, which characterized them as PL or as classic (ML) adipocytes; the former cells (43% of all brown adipocytes) were larger and had a peripheral nucleus, a central large lipid droplet and several small lipid droplets in the periphery of the cytoplasm (Fig. 2, A and B), whereas ML cells (57% of all brown adipocytes) had the typical morphology of brown adipocytes, i.e., rounded with a central nucleus and several small uniform lipid droplets in the cytoplasm (Fig. 2, E and F).
On EM, numerous mitochondria were detected in both PL and classic ML brown adipocytes. Those found in ML cells displayed the typical features of classic "uncoupled brown fat", i.e., they were large with numerous transverse cristae (13–15, 17) (Fig. 2, G and H), whereas those of PL cells exhibited a mixture of classic brown adipocyte mitochondria ("brown" mitochondria) and of elongated mitochondria similar to those found in white adipocytes ("white" mitochondria). Mitochondria with an intermediate morphology were also detected in PL cells (Fig. 2 C and D). Interestingly, white-like as well as intermediate mitochondria were also seen in some classic brown adipocytes (Fig. 2H).
Thus PL cells, albeit ML and UCP1-ir, i.e., brown, displayed intermediate features between brown and white adipocytes. Some UCP1-negative PL adipocytes were also observed. Thus transitional steps from white UL adipocytes to brown ML adipocytes could be those shown in Fig. 3.
Cold-acclimatized brown adipocytes arise in two different "white" fat depots.
After 10 days' exposure to 6°C, brown adipocytes increased by 20 times (P < 0.01) in subcutaneous WAT; they also increased in visceral WAT, but the difference here was not significant (Fig. 1 and Supplemental Table S1; Supplemental Material for this article can be found on the AJP-Endocrinology and Metabolism web site). Again, both classic and PL forms of brown adipocytes were detected (Fig. 2). High-power light microscopy can often recognize apoptosis with confidence (41). However, no signs of apoptosis or macrophage infiltration were detected in the tissues of any WAT depot in cold-acclimatized mice. Furthermore, upregulation of expression of genes involved in apoptotic pathways such as Bax, Bcl2l14, Bok, p53, and Tnfsf10 was not observed (not shown).
Gene expression studies showed that cold acclimatization led to a rapid induction of the key thermogenic genes UCP1, PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α), and C/EBPβ (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-β) (52, 53, 55) in the three depots (iBAT, visceral WAT, and subcutaneous WAT) (Fig. 4A). PRDM16 (PR domain containing 16), Eva1 (epithelial V-like antigen 1), and Cox8b (cytochrome c oxidase, subunit VIIIb) are preferentially expressed in iBAT (iBAT marker genes) (58). Their expression was induced in all three depots, and, as expected, their mRNA levels were significantly higher in iBAT compared with visceral and subcutaneous WAT (PRDM16: P < 0.05; all others: P < 0.005; Fig. 4B). Serpin3ak (serine or cysteine peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 3K) and Psat1 (phosphoserine aminotransferase) are preferentially expressed in WAT (58). As expected, their mRNA levels were significantly higher in visceral and subcutaneous WAT than in iBAT (P < 0.005) (Fig. 4C). Cold exposure induced a steady decrease in Serpin3ak expression in iBAT and a transient increase in visceral and subcutaneous WAT. Surprisingly, Psat1 expression was induced in all three depots on day 1 and day 3 but then reverted to its basal level on day 6.
C/EBPα is an antimitotic protein and an important regulator of terminal adipocyte differentiation (60, 62). C/EBPα mRNA expression was rapidly induced by cold acclimatization in the two WAT depots, but not in iBAT (Fig. 4C).
β3-Adrenoceptor plays a central role in the cold-induced emergence of brown adipocytes in "white" fat depots.
The number of brown adipocytes occurring in WAT after cold acclimatization was blunted in the subcutaneous and the visceral WAT depots of cold-acclimatized β3-KO mice (P < 0.01 in subcutaneous and visceral WAT depots; Fig. 1), suggesting that β3-adrenoceptor plays a central role in the appearance of brown adipocytes in the WAT of 129Sv mice. We obtained similar results using WT and β3-KO mice on a pure B6 genetic background (Supplemental Fig. S1).
Cold acclimatization induced β3-adrenoceptor-mediated morphological changes in UL white adipocytes, as shown by a size reduction only in WT mice (Fig. 5A). Furthermore, EM disclosed cold-induced modifications in mitochondrial morphology in these cells (Fig. 6A), as demonstrated by the fact that their mitochondria were similar to those found in PL brown adipocytes, as described above.
Gene expression studies demonstrated, as reported previously (40), that UCP1 mRNA expression in iBAT was induced by cold exposure in both WT and β3-KO mice but that it was severely impaired in the visceral and subcutaneous WAT of β3-KO mice. The expression of PGC-1α, C/EBPβ, PRDM16, Cidea (cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor, α-subunit-like effector A), and COX8b mRNA displayed a similar pattern (Fig. 4, D and E).
Serpin3ak and Psat1 expression was similar in WT and β3-KO mice (Fig. 4F). C/EBPα expression was unaffected in all three depots in cold-exposed β3-KO mice. Cyclin A1 (Ccna1), which is associated intimately with cell cycling and proliferation (49), was dramatically upregulated in iBAT in both WT and β3-KO mice (Fig. 4F) but was not affected in visceral or subcutaneous depots. We conclude that induction of PGC-1α and UCP1 in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue requires functional β3-adrenoceptors but not a significant induction of cell proliferation.
Cold acclimatization induces an increase in the density of preadipocytes in the white fat pads of β3-KO but not of WT mice.
In theory, the newly formed brown adipocytes appearing in WAT after cold exposure could derive from the development of preexisting preadipocytes. Therefore, we calculated the preadipocyte density in WT and β3-KO mice either maintained at room temperature or acclimatized to the cold. We used EM to detect preadipocytes due to their well-described morphology (5, 19, 21, 50, 59) (see materials and methods). Since we were interested in the phenomenon of cold-induced emergence of brown adipocyte in WAT, we focused on the fat pad exhibiting the largest number of newly formed brown adipocytes, i.e., the subcutaneous adipose tissue.
In control WT mice, preadipocytes appeared as poorly differentiated cells surrounded by a distinct external lamina (or basal membrane) and always located close to the extraluminal side of a capillary wall, as described previously (15, 19, 25, 45, 50, 59). In cold-acclimatized mice, preadipocytes in WAT had slightly more pronounced brown characteristics (5, 21, 45, 70), often with large mitochondria reminiscent of those found in early brown adipocyte differentiation (Fig. 6B), for instance, in the pericapillary areas of cold-exposed iBAT (Fig. 6C).
Mean preadipocyte density was found to be similar in cold-acclimatized and control WT mice, whereas it increased significantly (by ∼17 times; P < 0.001) in cold-exposed β3-KO mice (Fig. 5B). This increase, although detectable on quantitative EM, appears to be too small to be detected in gene expression studies (Fig. 4). Overall, these data suggest that cold acclimatization favors mainly the direct transformation of white into brown adipocytes (transdifferentiation) in WT animals, whereas in β3-KO mice it promotes mainly the development of new brown adipocytes through the recruitment of preadipocytes.
β1-Adrenoceptor controls brown preadipocyte density, and β3-adrenoceptor controls white to brown adipocyte transdifferentiation.
Cell culture studies have demonstrated that β1-adrenoceptor is expressed in brown preadipocytes in the early stages of differentiation, whereas β3-adrenoceptor appears at later stages (6–8). These data suggest that β1-adrenoceptor could be responsible for the increase in the number of preadipocytes induced by the adrenergic stimulus, whereas β3-adrenoceptor could be responsible for the functional thermogenic activity of differentiated brown adipocytes. Our findings support this notion and further suggest that the adrenergic stimulus (i.e., cold exposure) could act predominantly via β1-adrenoceptor in β3-KO mice, increasing the density of brown preadipocytes, and mainly via β3-adrenoceptor in WT mice, inducing white to brown adipocyte transdifferentiation. To test this hypothesis, six groups of 129Sv mice were treated with saline or with β1- or β3-adrenoceptor agonists.
Since morphometry studies demonstrated that the number of brown adipocytes in the subcutaneous WAT of 129Sv mice peaked after 3–5 days of cold exposure (not shown), the β-adrenoceptor agonists were administered for 3 and 5 days. A significant brown adipocyte increase was seen only in the two groups receiving the β3-adrenoceptor agonist (Fig. 5C). Interestingly, the proportion of PL brown adipocytes was significantly higher only in these mice (Fig. 5D).
As predicted, quantitative EM disclosed an increased density of preadipocytes only in mice treated with the β1-adrenoceptor agonist (P < 0.01; Fig. 5E).
Cold acclimatization induces brown adipocytes in WAT (2, 16, 25, 35). The newly formed brown adipocytes are likely to be thermogenically active because they express the thermogenic protein UCP1 and have a phenotype similar to that of the brown adipocytes found in iBAT (10, 51). The observation that neither adipocyte number nor DNA content increases in white fat depots (24, 30, 46, 48) has suggested that cell proliferation mechanisms are not involved in this process.
The present finding that cold acclimatization did not increase WAT preadipocyte density lends support to this notion. We also observed an increased expression of the antimitotic gene C/EBPα (60, 62) and no change in Ccna1 (which is related to cell cycling and proliferation) (49). Consistent with these data, cold exposure, which is known to stimulate the proliferation of brown adipocytes in iBAT (9), did not affect the expression of C/EBPα and increased Ccna1 levels in this depot. Interesting genetic data by Coulter et al. (23) and Xue et al. (69) suggest that brown adipocyte formation is under the control of different mechanisms in WAT and iBAT, in line with the view of the separate developmental origin of these two cell types. Our data agree with this notion and argue for a direct transformation of white into brown adipocytes in cold-exposed mouse WAT. In fact, the significant increase of brown adipocytes after cold acclimatization occurred in the absence of any sign of apoptosis and of a significant increase in preadipocyte density. A novel EM finding of this work is the recognition of an intermediate form between white and brown adipocytes (PL adipocytes). These cells are UCP1 immunoreactive and show an intermediate form of lipid accumulation and a distinctive mitochondrioma (mitochondrial number and morphology, i.e., mitochondrial phenotype). They contain mitochondria subpopulations with morphologies ranging from classic brown (i.e., brown adipocytes) to classic white (i.e., white adipocytes). The possibility that these cells derive from a direct transformation of white adipocytes is underscored by the fact that several white UL adipocytes with a similar mitochondrioma were also detected in WAT after cold acclimatization. These cells may represent early stages of white to brown adipocyte transformation (see Fig. 3).
Of note, the mitochondrioma of mature adipocytes developing from the stroma vascular fraction of murine and human iBAT in primary cultures is comparable with the one described here; i.e., it consists of two mitochondrial subpopulations, "brown" and "white" (11, 12). Addition of noradrenalin to these cells in culture induced the transformation of mitochondria into a more classic "brown" morphology (20).
Concomitant with the expected upregulation of the thermogenic genes, an unexpected transient increase in the levels of the genes selectively expressed in WAT was observed in subcutaneous and visceral depots. This finding may be explained by the massive presence of white/brown transition cells. The molecular mechanism controlling transdifferentiation seems to depend on a working β3-adrenoceptor mechanism. This surmise is supported by the observation that both β3-KO strains with different genetic backgrounds (B6 and 129Sv) used in this work showed an impaired reactivity of visceral and subcutaneous fat depots to cold exposure. This confirms previous data from our laboratories (40) and extends our findings to the subcutaneous depot and to different murine strains with pure backgrounds. The critical role of a functional β3-adrenoceptor in this process is emphasized by our experiments with the β3-adrenoceptor agonist CL316,24, whose administration resulted in the emergence of brown adipocytes whose morphology closely resembled that induced by cold acclimatization, including the absence of an increase in the density of brown preadipocytes. Significantly, we and other groups have demonstrated that CL316,243 induces the appearance of brown adipocytes in WAT, the vast majority of which (80–95%) were shown by bromodeoxyuridine labeling to arise in a proliferation-independent manner (34, 37).
Further supporting the hypothesis that transdifferentiation requires a functional β3-adrenoceptor is the fact that cold acclimatization induced a significant increase in preadipocyte density in β3-KO mice that was not seen in WT mice. These data and our in vivo experiments, documenting that administration of the β1-adrenoceptor agonist xamoterol (31) induced an increase in preadipocyte density, agree with the hypothesis suggested by the in vitro studies that β1-adrenoceptor is responsible for preadipocyte proliferation (7). The absence of β3-adrenoceptor affected neither the functional expression of the thermogenic genes nor that of iBAT genes in iBAT, whereas it dramatically blunted the effect of cold acclimatization on their expression in WAT depots. Such dissociated control of the genes selectively expressed in brown vs. white adipose tissues by β3-adrenoceptor agrees with a different origin of brown adipocytes in the two types of depot. Atit et al. (3) demonstrated that the central dermomyotome gives rise to both muscle and iBAT, but not WAT. In line with these results, recent work showed that iBAT brown preadipocytes express a wide range of muscle-related genes (63). In vivo mapping data, showing that the iBAT brown adipocytes but not the brown fat cells that emerged in the WAT of mice treated with the β3-adrenoceptor agonist derive from Myf5-expressing cells, support the notion of different pathways of brown adipogenesis in WAT and iBAT (57). These data are in total agreement with those in the present study showing that, after cold exposure or β3-adrenoceptor agonist administration, the newly formed brown adipocytes in iBAT conceivably derive from brown preadipocytes, whereas the new brown adipocytes appearing in WAT, in the absence of morphological and molecular signs of apoptosis, have a different origin, i.e., derived from the transdifferentiation of white into brown adipocytes. A remodeling of the adipose tissues by a transdifferentiation process resembling the one described in the present work could also take place in vivo following targeted deletion of the gene encoding RIIb, which induces a compensatory high expression of RIa and activation of cAMP-dependent PKA (26). Suppression of 4E binding protein-1, which inhibits PGC-1α translation, also induces adipose tissue remodeling (66). Interestingly, RIIb-KO and 4E binding protein-1-KO mice are lean and obesity resistant.
PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ) agonists are used as insulin sensitizers, and their administration to rats and dogs induces a remodeling of the adipose tissues (65). In vitro experiments with human white adipocytes suggest that forced expression of PGC-1α or administration of PPARγ agonists can induce UCP1 expression (i.e., white to brown transdifferentiation) in these cells (64).
Transdifferentiation is a process whereby a mature differentiated cell transforms into a new phenotype with a different morphology and physiology without going through dedifferentiation (29). Adipocytes seem to possess this physiological property. We have previously found evidence for physiological, reversible, adipoepithelial transdifferentiation in the mouse mammary gland (28, 47). The above considerations, together with recent data disclosing that several discrete depots of metabolically active iBAT are found in adult humans (27, 50a, 67, 68, 70), suggest that white to brown adipocyte transdifferentiation could be of great interest for the treatment of diabetes and obesity, especially in light of the considerable body of data documenting an antidiabetic and antiobesity effect of brown adipocytes (1, 4, 36, 43).
This work was supported by grants from the Italian Ministry of University and Scientific Research (FIRB RBIN047PZY Internazionalizzazione, to S. Cinti), Cofin 2007BRR57M_005, and from Università Politecnica delle Marche (RSA 2008, to S. Cinti). Further support was obtained from The Danish Natural Research Council (K. Kristiansen).
No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the author(s).
- Copyright © 2010 the American Physiological Society
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Hi !!! My name is Giselle and I am 28 years old. Im mexican. I studied International Relations. Im interested in know the culture and the way to think in other countries.
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Appreciate someone special with our cute little engraved tray for just about anything: Keys, change, jewelry, etc. Exclusive for Whim House. Hand crafted of recycled sand cast aluminum. Mariposa has offered time honored quality products for over 30 years.
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LAS VEGAS A Las Vegas man has been convicted of smuggling a dozen lizards into the United States in his underwear.
Don D. Astorga, 31, was arrested at the airport in June after police looking for drugs noticed unusual bulges around his groin.
In his underwear were several tube socks stuffed with nine dead lizards and three live ones, including a Nile monitor lizard, a water monitor and several geckos, all of them native to Southeast Asia and Africa.
Astorga was found guilty Wednesday of violating the Endangered Species Act and failing to declare the lizards.
He could get up to six months in prison.
Compiled from wire reports
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KAMLOOPS - What are YOU doing for Earth Day? Kamloops 350 and the BCSEA have some suggestions, and are hoping that residents will get on board by making a public pledge for an Earth Day action. Everyone who posts a pledge will be entered into a draw for 5 retractable indoor/outdoor clotheslines, courtesy of BCSEA-Kamloops.
Earth Day Kamloops 2014 is a Facebook event where residents are encouraged to share their commitments with the rest of the city. "We'd like people to think about their daily habits and make some adjustments, whether for a day, a month, a year—or forever!" says Gisela Ruckert of Kamloops 350. "Earth Day is a convenient reminder that we need to live more lightly on this planet, and this campaign will hopefully give some of us that extra bit of motivation to do what we know is the right thing to do."
In addition to making a pledge to do something Earth-friendly, participants are pledging to share their commitment with at least one other person. "By explaining to someone else what their pledge is, and the reason they're making it, we are hoping to spread the awareness beyond the already "converted," engaging people who might not think there's a need to change our habits," says Nancy Flood, another organizer. "We need to motivate more people to step up and take positive actions on Earth Day -- and every day, really."
Post your commitment on our Facebook event page (search for Kamloops 350): by making your Earth Day actions public you'll be inspiring your neighbours to join us, and you'll be automatically entered for the clothesline draws.
Those who make a pledge will be in good company. Every year on April 22, more than one billion people take part in Earth Day. Across the globe, individuals, communities, organizations, and governments acknowledge the amazing planet we call home and take action to protect it.
So what can you do?
Don't drive -- make a point of walking, cycling or taking transit.
Why not mix up a batch of eco-friendly household cleaners that you've been meaning to try? (Hint: the City is running a course on making your own eco-friendly cleaners on April 29th!)
Install a rain barrel or a faucet aerator: not only will you save water, but when metered water rates kick in, you'll be saving money too.
Invite your neighbours over for a dinner of local, sustainably grown food.
Walk your kids to school, or check to make sure that their bike helmets still fit and get them ready to bike to school every day from now on.
Honour the day as with a vegetarian dinner (and consider joining the Meatless Monday movement).
Plant a tree, clean up a section of riverbank – the possibilities are endless.
Choose an action that works for you; each of us will have a slightly different set of priorities, and all the actions together are what will make a difference in the end.
And that's the gist of it: from Beijing to Cairo, Melbourne to London, Rio to Johannesburg, New Delhi to New York, communities everywhere will voice their concerns for the planet, commit to making change in their own lives, and call on their leaders to act boldly.
Together, we'll highlight the solutions and showcase the collective power of individuals taking action across the world. In doing so, we hope to inspire our leaders to act and inspire ourselves to redouble our efforts in the fight against climate change.
Let's be part of that effort, Kamloops! What are YOU doing for Earth Day? Let us know at Earth Day Kamloops 2014 on Facebook.


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Every Gardeners Dream Sunshine GardenHouse is charming, easy to build and affordable. Made in the USA, our greenhouse kits are built strong, made with natural redwood frames and virtually unbreakable twin-wall polycarbonate. Ideal for extending the season, over wintering plants, seed starting or gardening when the weather is foul. Manufactured for over 20 years. Wind tested to 85 MPH Sunshine GardenHouse is strong. The easiest to assemble greenhouse kit. Not only clear written instructions but a video showing how to assemble. Included in the kit are automatic vent openers and a base made from recycled plastic. Mt. Hood models are six ft. wide with plenty of headroom at 8 ft. 4 in. tall at the peak. Narrow enough to fit a small space, each kit is made with a clear natural redwood frame, twin wall polycarbonate glazing, Dutch doors and a base made with recycled plastic. If you are not sure of which size to purchase, remember we offer a four foot extension kit. With our pre-assembled panels, can easily assemble your GardenHouse in as few as 4 hours. We include easy to follow printed instructions and a video showing how to assemble.
- Dutch doors and automatic vent openers included
- No foundation required a level well drained site is all you need
- What customers are saying : We love how it looks in our gardenhouse it was so easy to build After looking around, we chose Sunshine Gardenhouse because it will last
- Extend your season or grow year round


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Border Patrol
Stories 1 - 20 |
Next >>
Border Patrol Agent Killed, Partner Hurt in Texas Attack
Trump repeats call for border wall
- President Trump repeated his call for a border wall Sunday night after a Border Patrol agent was fatally injured and another seriously hurt while on duty in west Texas. US Customs and Border Protection says Rogelio Martinez, 36, and his partner were injured after responding to activity in the Big...
More »
Border Agents Watch as Drone Flies 13 Pounds of Meth Into US
Agents recovered the drone and drugs and arrested a 25-year-old man
- Looks like automation is impacting everyone's livelihoods, even drug smugglers. The
Los Angeles Times
reports Border Patrol agents arrested a 25-year-old man on suspicion of importing a controlled substance Aug. 8 in California after watching a drone carrying 13 pounds of meth fly over the border fence from Mexico....
More »
Teacher Won't Answer Immigration Questions, Gets Detained
The San Diego teacher didn't take kindly to being asked about her citizenship
- A middle school teacher refused to answer a question about her citizenship at a checkpoint in New Mexico last week and got detained for more than an hour for her troubles. The
San Diego Union-Tribune
reports that Shane Parmely, an English, art, and theater teacher in San Diego, Calif., refused...
More »
He Shot Boy Across Mexico Border; Case Heads to SCOTUS
Can foreigners have their day in American courts?
- Sixty feet and the US-Mexico border separated the unarmed, 15-year-old Mexican boy and the US Border Patrol agent who killed him with a gunshot to the head in 2010. US officials chose not to prosecute Agent Jesus Mesa Jr., and the Obama administration refused to extradite him so that he...
More »
Report: Border Patrol Uses Desert to Kill Migrants
Group says tens of thousands have died or disappeared since the 1990s
- An Arizona advocacy group says tens of thousands of people attempting to cross the US-Mexico border illegally since the 1990s have died or disappeared because the US Border Patrol uses the desert as a "weapon," the
reports. In a report issued Wednesday, No More Deaths says 1,...
More »
Texas Trooper Injured by Gunfire From Mexico
Federal agent was also hit
- A Texas state trooper was wounded on the Texas-Mexico border when a bullet apparently strayed from a gun battle on the Mexican side of the Rio Grande. The Texas Department of Public Safety says the trooper suffered a leg wound in the Friday afternoon incident, the AP reports. The trooper...
More »
Border Patrol Finds 2 Kids, $460K in Cocaine in Woman's Car
Some women smugglers apparently bring children along to make themselves 'inconspicuous'
- On Monday morning, a Border Patrol agent pulled over a Honda Accord cruising north on Interstate 5 in San Clemente, Calif., and the agent's drug dog started giving the sign there was possibly something illicit inside the vehicle, the
Los Angeles Times
reports. Surprise No. 1 when agents searched...
More »
Cops: Smuggler Caught Using Fake Border Patrol SUV
'Something was not quite right'
- There's such a fine line between clever and stupid. On Thursday, a Border Patrol agent in Laredo, Texas, stopped a man allegedly attempting to smuggle a dozen undocumented immigrants in the back of a fake Border Patrol SUV, the
New York Daily News
reports. "To a casual observer,...
More »
Now Patrolling the Mexico Border: Drones
Predators have monitored nearly half of border since 2013
- Predator drones guard nearly half the US-Mexico border where camera towers, ground sensors, agents, and fences are absent. Able to patrol remote areas like mountains and canyons, the drones capture high-resolution footage of an area every three days, the AP reports in an exclusive. Analysts then check the videos using...
More »
How US Border Patrol Got 'Out of Control'
Agency grew without oversight after 9/11, officials say
- The US Border Patrol has ballooned into a massive agency where employee misconduct is reportedly rampant, but figuring out who to blame—or how to fix it—is no easy job, Politico reports via Vox . Driven by security fears after 9/11, federal officials threw billions of dollars at Border Patrol...
More »
Border Officers Have Killed 46, Face No Consequences: Report
Customs and Border Protection hasn't released officers' names
- US border officers and agents have killed dozens of people, including Americans, since 2004, but it appears they haven't faced any discipline for their actions, the
Arizona Republic
reports. Customs and Border Protection's acting internal affairs head has told journalists he doesn't know of any terminations or...
More »
Mom of Mexican Teen Killed by Border Patrol Sues
16-year-old was shot from across border
- The mother of a Mexican teen shot at least eight times in the back by US Border Patrol agents firing over the border is going to court to find out who killed her son. Jose Antonio Elena Rodriguez, 16, was shot by at least one agent in October 2012 as...
More »
Border Official Points Gun... at Boy Scout: Troop Leader
Another scout gets threatened with 10 years in prison
- A couple weeks ago, a US border patrol official held a gun to the head of ... a Boy Scout. A troop leader explains what happened now that the scouts and adult volunteers from Mid-Iowa Scout Troop 111 have returned from their 23-day trip: Ten days into the trip, their four...
More »
Perry Deploying 1K Guardsmen to Border: Reports
Expected cost per month for new patrols: $12M
- Rick Perry hasn't been exactly coy about his thoughts on the immigration crisis, but now he's putting his (state's) money where his mouth is: He plans to announce today that he's sending up to 1,000 National Guard troops to shore up security along the Mexico...
More »
Pastors: Feds Blocking Us From Immigration Camps
Meanwhile, Obama deflects criticism that he didn't visit the border
- As the immigration crisis rages, pastors and faith groups are complaining that they're not being allowed to visit the children being held at border detention facilities. "It's pretty heartbreaking that they don't let anybody in there—even credentialed pastors," one pastor tells Todd Starnes at...
More »
Texas Town Bans Undocumented Children
League City doesn't want to house them, should the government ask
- As the issue of undocumented children streaming into the US heats up , one Texas town has taken action. League City's city council last night passed a resolution, 6-2, that would see the city bar any federal request to operate a detention or processing center there, though the
Houston Chronicle
More »
Attempt to Transfer Migrants Out of Texas Ends Poorly
3 buses bound for Murrieta, Calif., are turned back by protesters
- The chants heard yesterday included "USA!" but it wasn't a World Cup scene. Southern California protesters were also shouting "Deport, Deport!" and "Go home" at three buses carrying undocumented immigrants—a large number of them women and children from Central America—who had recently...
More »
Mexican Helicopter Crosses Into US, Opens Fire
Shots from law-enforcement chopper were in vicinity of US Border Patrol agents
- It looks like Mexico came uncomfortably close to setting off what surely would have been an international mess. A helicopter believed to belong to the Mexican army strayed across the border into Arizona in apparent pursuit of drug smugglers and fired shots in the vicinity of US Border Patrol agents...
More »
US to Build Big Processing Facility for Migrant Kids
Site in McAllen, Texas, will hold 1K children
- With the number of child immigrants from Central America overwhelming Border Patrol stations , the US plans to convert a giant warehouse into a processing facility for the kids in Texas, reports AP . The facility in McAllen will accommodate about 1,000 children, who will have access to an "interaction/play"...
More »
Border Agent Found Dead After Brutal Alleged Crime
Esteban Manzanares allegedly raped female immigrants, kidnapped one
- Esteban Manzanares was patrolling near the Texas-Mexico border when he came across a woman and two girls— Honduran nationals suspected of entering the US illegally. What allegedly happened next is horrific: Officials say the border agent raped the woman and slashed her wrists, then assaulted her daughter, 14, and tried...
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Good news for Red, bad for Sheyenne
FARGO - Breakouts from the Sheyenne River are making travel in western Cass County hazardous, threatening rural subdivisions and promising to cut off some farmsteads for weeks, officials said Monday.
Meanwhile, Fargo officials were cheered by the National Weather Service's lower crest predictions for the Red River, and agreed to ship some of the city's 500,000 reserve sandbags to help Valley City and Lisbon stave off the bloated Sheyenne River.
"They have a considerable challenge ahead of them," Fargo Mayor Dennis Walaker said.
The North Dakota National Guard and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers shifted troops and equipment to the towns.
The Red River in Fargo was at 32.51 feet Monday, with the weather service predicting it could hit 38 feet by Friday.
Walaker said he's traveled the watershed and doubts it will get that high.
The weather service forecasts a half-inch of rain for the area Wednesday through Friday, but Walaker said he won't worry unless the area gets 2 to 4 inches of rain.
Cass County residents were urged to drive carefully on roads in the west and southwest damaged or submerged by flooding.
"We're in a more dangerous time now than the first time around," Sheriff Paul Laney said, adding that some roads "look like they were bombed."
Laney said roads that might be passable at first can become dangerous in hours, and swift currents can sweep even heavy four-by-fours into ditches.
Officials closed I-94 from Bismarck to Jamestown at 10 p.m. Monday.
Cass County Engineer Keith Berndt said a flyover of the county showed "significant breakouts" from the Sheyenne in the south and west, but he was encouraged by water levels.
Residents of Country Acres, south of Horace, and Willow Creek, west of West Fargo, are sandbagging against possible high water, he said.
Problem areas along the Sheyenne include spots east and west of Kindred, heading north to Horace, Berndt said, as is the area north of West Fargo between that city and Harwood.
He said many people "have real access problems," including having to take boats or canoes to get to roads, and that water will continue to be high for three weeks, he said.
North of Harwood, many sections of land are inundated, isolating rural farmsteads, he said.
Berndt said officials are also watching the Absaraka Dam after concerns were raised about a potential breach.
FEMA office to open
Meanwhile, the Federal Emergency Management Agency will open a disaster recovery office Wednesday at 1010 2nd Ave. S., in Fargo. It will be open 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. daily, seven days a week, said Colette Blum-Meister, a FEMA liaison.
Residents and business owners seeking Individual Disaster Assistance, which includes grants and low-interest loans, can call FEMA at (800) 621-3362, or go online to: www.disasterassistance.gov.
They can also go to www.casscountynd.gov, and follow links to the FEMA site, officials said.
Moorhead officials said a similar office will open in that city Wednesday or Thursday. It will be in the former Edison Elementary School building.
About 9,000 people in North Dakota may be eligible for aid, Blum-Meister said. She said 100 to 150 homes in Clay County have serious damage.
Laney warned that people will be met by Sheriff's Department patrols in "seven or eight" areas to deter thieves, Laney said.
"If there is someone trying to do ill in these communities, we'll have a welcoming party for them," he said.
Cass County Commissioner Ken Pawluk warned residents that high waters will be around as long as heavy flows from Lake Ashtabula wind through the Sheyenne.
"We can anticipate seeing water where we have not seen it in the past," Pawluk said.
Moorhead City Engineer Bob Zimmerman said the city has prepared its defenses to 43 feet, including contingency dikes and pumps to back up the storm and sanitary sewer systems.
Moorhead also sent 500 to 1,000 sandbags to Oakport Township, officials said.
Forum reporter Dave Olson contributed to this report.


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Get Fit And Fight Homelessness With Shelter
Introducing Urban Rush, a 15 mile adventure through London
With most of us restricted to laps of the local park, running in London can be a monotonous business.
Which is why Urban Rush, an event organised by the UK's biggest homeless and bad housing charity Shelter, is worth getting your trainers on for: it takes in some of the capital's most iconic scenery.
Taking place on Sunday 2 October to mark Shelter's 50th anniversary, it's a 15 mile race that starts in Queen Elizabeth Park in Stratford and ends in Putney, taking in the delights of the East End, central London and the Thames along the way - perfect to distract you from your cramp.
Shelter are hoping to raise more than £80,000 and with a family losing a home every 21 minutes in the capital, it's hard to think of a better reason to get a jog on.
For more information and to sign-up visit shelter.org.uk or follow @ShelterRush on Twitter.


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1st tow of season breaks through Lake Pepin ice
ST. PAUL, Minn. (AP) — The shipping season has opened much later than normal on the Upper Mississippi River, due to thick ice on Lake Pepin.
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers says the first tow of the season broke through more than 12 to 16 inches of ice on Lake Pepin early Monday. The Roberta Tabor, pushing 12 barges, went through Lock and Dam 2 in Hastings shortly after 8 p.m. on its way to St. Paul.
The Roberta Tabor is owned by American River Transportation Co. in St. Louis.
The Corps says the average opening date of the navigation season for the last 30 years has been March 20. Last year, the first tow of the season arrived March 17.
Before now, the latest arrival date unrelated to flooding was April 4, 2008.
Copyright 2013 The Associated Press.


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MADRID, Oct. 6 (UPI) -- Hollywood actress Eva Longoria has signed on as host of the 2010 MTV Europe Music Awards in Madrid, MTV said Wednesday.
Taking place at Caja Magica, the 17th annual EMAs will be broadcast live Nov. 7 on MTV platforms.
The show's lineup of performers includes Kings of Leon, Ke$ha, Kid Rock, Katy Perry and Linkin Park.
MTV said it will release the names of additional performers and presenters at a later date.
"I am so excited to host the 2010 EMAs in the beautiful and sexy city of Madrid!" Longoria said in a statement. "I can't wait to see some fabulous performances and I am so proud that the two most nominated artists this year are two amazing women -- Lady Gaga and Katy Perry -- who are making some of the most exciting music in pop right now."
"Madrid, watch out," Ke$ha said. "I'm coming to party and I promise it will be messy."


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Use the tools below to refine your search by only displaying reviews with a certain number of star ratings or to only show reviews from a certain time period. Eg click on '1 star' to just display the reviews we have which received a 1 star rating click or 'Within the last month' to display just reviews posted over the last month.
Written on: 25/02/2011
I ordered Retin A cream 1% on Dec 15th 2010 It took 6 weeks to reach me but the website had disclosed this too me I just hoped mine would get to me faster.. Other than that they did get me my product.. I have ordered again from them and will continue too just will plan on ordering way ahead of time so i wont be without my cream. I left customer service at 3 since I dont really understand what service they could provide since it is an online company they just took the order and shipped… Read Full Review
Written on: 06/01/2011
do not order from this company---they don't answer phone calls and you will not get your order. i got my first order ok--but the second one i never got. i have e-mailed and called several times--they won't call back--they have told me the order is shipped--but they will not give you a tracking number. they have my money--i do not have the product. i have filed 2 reports with my bank and i cannot get my back. they do not do an electronic check--they made a copy of a check and put my account… Read Full Review
Written on: 27/12/2010
This company is a fraud!!!! Today is 12/27/10 and I still have not received meds ordered 9/12/10 paid by echeck paid from my bank account 9/16/10. They do not return calls or answer numerous emails. Baja Pharmacy.... if you are reading this you can still make it right. You have the records for order #6552. I will post this on every message board on the web. CONTACT ME!!!!… Read Full Review
Written on: 11/12/2010
I purchased CFC inhalers on Nov 22nd from bajapharmacy.com and recieved them on Dec 8th. I am sad they took 3 weeks to arrive but that may just be the way international mail shipping works, I am happy with the product… Read Full Review
Written on: 16/10/2010
I used to use medsmex. When their website shut down, I thought I would try this online pharmacy.
This pharmacy cashed my echeck promptly. This was two months ago and I have not received my medication. They do not respond to email or phone calls. Do not use this pharmacy. You will not get your medication… Read Full Review
Written on: 02/02/2010 by small45 (1 review written)
I ordered medications on Jan 25. Nine days later I emailed to ask when they shipped it. When they didn't answer the email I wrote another threatening to file a dispute with my credit card company. Within 10 minutes I got a phone call telling me they had canceled my order and I was "too much of a risk"
They don't answer their mail, their phones, or ship orders. I've seen other complaints from people who never got their goods.
A legitimate business ships orders quickly and answers email &… Read Full Review
As rated by our community of reviewers
" Excellent service " Read More
" SELLING GOODS THATS NOT AVAILABLE " Read More
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In a little theatre, off off off Broadway, Simon Gray is attempting to direct a production of Macbeth, but every actress who plays Witch #3 disappears. Simon calls in his old friend, Mojo Sam. When Mojo sees an actress vanish before his eyes, he brings in Little Frieda. When Little Frieda plays Witch #3, she also disappears. When she reappears in the Realm of the Muse, Little Frieda meets the real Witch #3, the one Shakespeare based his character on, and she is sizzling mad and out for revenge.
©2005 Meatball Fulton (P)2005 ZBS Foundation
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This is not due to free memory, but to the way the scheduler works. This probably seems related to free memory, as the more processes, the less memory ;-) Kernel 2.6 has a much nicer scheduler. (too bad, sleep still has problems - at least for me).
Where do I get the source for the benh 2.6 kernel from? I googled but couldn't find it... I'm assuming ofcourse that a benh 2.6 kernel exists.. :-)
Thanks, nirmal


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Domenech - I made mistakes
Raymond Domenech believes he failed to follow his instincts during France's Euro 2008 campaign.
By Patrick Haond
Last Updated: 05/08/08 2:29pm
Raymond Domenech believes he failed to follow his instincts during France's dismal Euro 2008 campaign.
France crashed out of the tournament at the group phase and there were widespread reports that Domenech would be sacked.
However, the French Football Federation gave the coach its backing to lead Les Bleus through the 2010 World Cup qualifiers.
Domenech admits he made mistakes in Austria & Switzerland and concedes he did not adhere to his tried and trusted methods with the squad.
Felt blue
"A fortnight after the elimination, I felt the blow," Domenech told L'Equipe. "After taking stock, I felt blue.
"I told myself, 'I did that in a bad way, I didn't do that, maybe I should have done that'. You take stock a little later, you need time to think about it.
"I really believed what worked fine in 2006 would work again in 2008. I didn't bring what I am - the idea to always create problems, create worry, fight against comfort.
"I didn't follow my own nature, it is the thing I reproach myself about the most.
"The players were not very fit as in 2002, there were injured players and two generations with different sensitivities."


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The following commentary does not necessarily reflect the views of AgWeb or Farm Journal Media. The opinions expressed below are the author's own.
The Dairy Life: helping family-owned dairy farms improve their production, success and their bottom line.
Next up, we're sharing more about the Dairy Life Photo Contest winning entry selected for February. We've captured exactly what family dairy farming is all about in the 2012 Dairy Life Calendar from Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. This is a calendar your milkhouse or office wall won't want to be without! To claim your copy of the 2012 Dairy Life Calendar, visit the Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. booth (#2806) at World Dairy Expo or visit www.bidairyphotos.com to have one sent to your farm.
February: Wagner Dairy Farms, Marlene Wagner, Poestenkill, N.Y.
Marlene Wagner snapped her winning photo while letting the dogs out one morning. She writes that getting to see the world quiet and new each day is a gift that comes with the dairy farming lifestyle. The family farm, Wagner Dairy Farms, is home to 380 milking cows and features a new methane digester that is part of the family's promise to the future of the farm. Marlene's hope is that this image will give other people a chance to enjoy the beauty of a sunrise, something that continues to renew her wonder in the world and life.
The contest and calendar are brought to you by Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. — the name behind a trusted line of products for dairy producers including ToDAY® and ToMORROW® tubes; Pyramid®, Express® FP and Triangle® vaccines; and others such as Bovikalc®, Cydectin® and Polyflex®.
All products are trademarks or registered trademarks of Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.
©2011 Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc.
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AUSTIN - Two incumbents, including the oldest member of the Texas Legislature, lost their seats in the state House to more conservative challengers Tuesday.
Democratic Rep. Norma Chavez of El Paso and Republican Rep. Delwin Jones, 86, were defeated in primary runoffs. Jones, first elected to the Legislature in 1964, lost to Tea Party activist Charles Perry. Chavez lost to assistant county attorney Naomi Gonzalez, who was criticized for taking thousands of dollars from traditionally GOP donors.
Jones has held his current Lubbock-area seat since 1989. Perry is not opposed by a Democrat in November's general election.
"We've got a grass-roots movement out there that kind of awakened and realized you can't just keep re-electing people," said Perry, 48.
A third incumbent facing a runoff challenge, Republican Rep. Fred Brown, coasted to re-election in his College Station primary, defeating Gerald "Buddy" Winn, the former Brazos County tax assessor-collector.
In all, seven Texas House seats were contested Tuesday.


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What's downloadable this week, Nintendo? 6/21/2012
Nintendo's got a pretty big selection of downloadable titles this week. Not all of them will win everyone over, but there's one title in particular that should tug at gamers' nostalgic heartstrings. And that game is ...
Double Dragon II on the Wii Virtual Console! Aww, yeah! For 500 Wii Points you'll get the chance to relive some awesome memories. I loved Double Dragon II, and I can honestly say it's worth the five bucks. Plus, it'll set you up nicely for Double Dragon Neon. Of course, if you've got a hankering for some 2D gameplay but would rather play something newer, you can always check out Save the Furries on WiiWare. The game is priced at 1,000 Wii Points and features physics-based puzzles and colorful visuals.
On the 3DS eShop we've got Order Up!! If food preparation is your thing, you may want to check this sim out for $9.99. GameZone's Matt Liebl really dug the PlayStation 3 version, so if this one's anything like that iteration, it could be a winner. There's also Slitherink by Nikoli, which is kind of like a Sudoku game ... I think. In any case, it's priced at $4.99 and supports up to four players.
If you've got some match three needs that have to be fulfilled, check out Jewel Legends: Tree of Life for 500 DSi Points on DSiWare (or $4.99 on the eShop). And if you're an idiot who actually wants to play an edutainment game for some weird reason, Lola's Fruit Shop Sudoku has what you're looking for and sports a 200 DSi Point ($1.99 on 3DS) price tag. Oh, this game's for kids? I guess that makes sense.
For a bunch of nonsensical gibberish, follow @thesanchezdavid on Twitter.


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SALT LAKE CITY — At least Dale Murphy has company.
The Alpine, Utah, resident missed on his 15th and final chance to be in the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame on Wednesday, collecting only 106 votes. That was 18.6 percent, well below the needed 75 percent.
No one was elected this year from a list that included Barry Bonds, Roger Clemens, Mark McGwire, Sammy Sosa and former BYU pitcher Jack Morris.
"I'm on the outside looking in … but I'm not the only one saying maybe this isn't the best way to decide it. In this situation, nobody got in," Murphy told the Deseret News. "I think that's not the best way to celebrate the greatest players of the game."
Murphy said balloting by the Baseball Writers could be expanded to include former players, which would make the process more flexible.
"If I were real close, knocking on the door, you might hear different things from me, but maybe we should tweak (the process)," he said.
He noted that some newspapers don't allow their beat writers to vote, due to conflict of interest considerations. Yet those writers watch the games every day and might be the best qualified voters. Another consideration: the preponderance of voters in one area of the country.
"I get high marks from writers in the Southeast who saw me play, but a high percentage of the writers are in the Northeast," Murphy said.
This year, Craig Biggio was the top vote-getter (388) in his first year on the ballot. Clemens (214) and Bonds (206) finished eighth and ninth, respectively, with McGwire 15th (96) and Sosa 17th (71).
Murphy, a former LDS mission president, was 14th.
Morris' 385 votes gave him 67.7 percent, second most on the ballot. Next year will be his final chance to make the Hall in the regular vote, though he and Murphy could be inducted by the Veterans Committee.3 comments on this story
Murphy's chances were hurt by a drop-off in stats near the end of his career, yet the two-time MVP was among the game's best players in the 1980s. In the cases of Clemens, McGwire, Bonds and Sosa, suspicion has lingered over allegations of steroid use.
Murphy has repeatedly voiced opposition to steroids but stopped short on Wednesday of saying whether having no inductees was better than allowing suspected drug cheats in the Hall.
"I don't think having no one going in is very good for baseball," he said.
As for the possibility of being voted in by the Veterans Committee, Murphy said, "It would be a tremendous honor to go in anyway. It would be a little different, but if it happens, I'll show up."
email: email@example.com


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Using non-volatile memory IP in system on chip designs
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To make the case for embedded antifuse NVM as replacement for external serial EEPROM, a 256kb memory will be used as a reference. As of this writing the distributors' price for a commercial grade memory component runs from $0.14 to $.18 in volume. An OEM ordering large quantities can acquire these parts at 60 percent of the distributors' price or around $0.08 to $0.10 each. However, if the OEM requires industrial or military grade components, these prices can be twice the amounts cited. Assuming these benefits are compelling, the designer must consider that he is replacing an external device with virtually unlimited rewrite cycles with an internal embedded memory having a finite number of rewrite cycles. The arguments for embedding code storage on-chip will include cost, performance, and security. See Figure 2.
Besides savings the cost of one component, the OEM eliminates the need to qualify primary and secondary vendors and their associated serial EEPROM components. It removes the necessity to forecast the number of these memory chips that will be needed over the life of the OEM's end product and the worry of the chip's availability from affecting the OEM's ability to ship product (and the SoC supplier to sell components to the OEM). Eliminating the component also means a reduction in manufacturing cost for the final product, for example reducing a pick-and-place operation and final test by one unit. Eliminating the total burdened cost of this single external component can result in a savings of $0.05 or more for an OEM's bill-of-materials, in addition to the actual component cost.
Figure 2: Embedding code storage on-chip with an antifuse NVM IP like the Kilopass Technology Inc. Gusto-2 reduces cost, improves performance, and enhances security.
Integrating the code on-chip also improves the OEM's device performance. Better performance results from eliminating the need to serially read code from the external EEPROM into the on-board SRAM before the program can execute. Integrating the code on-chip means it executes on power-up directly from the embedded on-chip NVM memory. Since the memory is on-chip, the designer has a wider datapath memory access, which improves program execution performance.
The third benefit to the OEM is security. Every device that contains a CPU is susceptible to hacking from wide variety of attacks. With program code stored outside of the SoC, the attack can be as simple as reading the code on the interface pins. Floating gate NVM are also vulnerable to low-cost passive information attacks including "glitching" and "data remanence", and semi-invasive approaches including "UV attacks", "fault injection", and "voltage contrast". Even program code stored on-chip in read-only memory can be read if the hacker uses an invasive attack such as delayering and microscopy or micro-probing as any video game supplier relying on ROM cartridges to distribute his game code can testify.


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Fulfilling Technology's Promise to Education
The image you are trying to upload is either too big or is an unacceptable format. Please upload a .jpg or .png image that is under 25MB.
Watch my speech at the NAIS Annual Conference on how teaching and learning will be transformed in the decade ahead.
Download Q&A Transcript
Read previous versions of the Annual Letter
This is my personal blog, where I share about the people I meet, the books I'm reading, and what I'm learning. I hope that you'll join the conversation.
Have a question or feedback about the site or the topics I write about?


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It's like something out of Alice in Wonderland.
While three boys, aged 15, 15 and nine have been shot to death in the GTA in recent weeks, the big court battle looming in Ontario is over whether Ottawa's legislation imposing a mandatory, three-year minimum sentence for possessing a loaded, prohibited firearm is constitutional.
All the usual suspects, including a couple of Ontario judges, defence lawyers, soft-on-crime academics, prisoners' rights and civil liberties groups, have declared the federal Conservatives' mandatory minimum legislation unconstitutional, unfair, cruel, abhorrent, outrageous and intolerable.
Never mind that, as Sun Media's legal affairs analyst Alan Shanoff has pointed out, this so-called three-year mandatory minimum sentence is subject to parole.
That means that a first-time offender will typically be out on parole in a year, day parole six months before that.
Never mind that the law gives Crowns the option of seeking a minimum sentence of one year (translation, four months in prison) if they believe three years (translation, one year in prison) is too harsh.
Later this month, the Ontario Court of Appeal will consider whether the federal Tory legislation passed in 2008, establishing the three-year mandatory minimum, is constitutional.
The court will rule on the issue after assessing half-a-dozen cases where the law has been applied, including two where judges refused to invoke the three-year mandatory minimum.
They argued it was unconstitutionally harsh and imposed lesser sentences.
In one of those cases, police burst in on a 27-year-old man, dressed in his underwear, who was waving around his cousin's loaded handgun while taking pictures of himself to post on Facebook.
In the other, a 21-year-old cocaine dealer offered to sell a gun to an undercover cop, although he apparently didn't actually have a gun to sell.
In the real world, a three-year "mandatory" sentence (translation, one year in prison) for either of these geniuses might, one hopes, have drilled some sense into them.
On the other hand, let's not kid the troops.
Obviously, a three-year mandatory minimum sentence (translation, one year in prison) isn't going to stop hard-core criminals from gunning people down on our streets.
And the reason isn't that these sentences are too harsh.
It's that they're too lenient once gutted by parole, a problem that isn't confined to sentencing for gun crimes.
For example, someone sentenced to nine years in prison for manslaughter or sexual assault is typically out on parole in three years, and out on day passes within 18 months.
That's justice? It's certainly not justice for the victims.
One of the things we should be doing in the media whenever judges hand down a sentence in the criminal courts is to explain what that sentence means in terms of actual time to be served in prison, assuming the normal rules of parole apply.
That's what makes this ongoing controversy over the Tories' "mandatory three-year minimum sentence" for illegal possession of a loaded, prohibited gun such a farce.
The farce is that we're debating a fantasy — one that critics of the law carefully avoid discussing, for obvious reasons — which is that the vast majority of people sentenced under it aren't going to spend anywhere near three years in prison.
Ultimately, the constitutionality of the Tories' mandatory minimum legislation will be decided by the Supreme Court of Canada.
But until it gets there, let's not pretend that first-time offenders under this law are being jailed for three years. In the real world, they're back walking among us long before that.
Feel better?


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In another interesting collaboration Common Projects has gotten together with United Bamboo. The two brands worked on the popular Common Projects low top trainer and gave it a gray and brown plaid wool upper, getting it ready for the colder months of the year. The sneakers will be available exclusively from United Bamboo, starting September 2009.
More detailed images of the Common Projects x United Bamboo Low Top Sneakers follow after the jump.


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Looking up at the snowy top of Texas
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I took the picture from ~ 8000' on the Guadalupe Peak Trail. The route was not terribly well-travelled after this point, requiring some trail-breaking ... in Texas!
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Do you want to link to a page on Gaijin.at?
On the site for Webmasters you will find banners, buttons and text links you can use in your website.
WipeFile erases files and folders secure and fast.
WipeFile overwrites the information completely, so there is no way to undelete the files or reconstruct the file content.
WipeFile supports 14 different wipe methods, e.g. two US Navy standards, the standard of the US Department of Defence, US Airforce and the NATO.
DOWNLOAD Support this application
The changelog for this application is available in the German version of this page only.


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Hot Right Now: 505 Spray Christmas Pajamas Sherpa Pullovers Cosmetic Bags Beach Cubbies Sandals Monogrammable Scarves Duck Boots and more
Questions? Call us at 1-866-739-2568
Adorable You! is easy to use software that lets you combine digital photos and embroidery with a few simple steps.
Even if you have very little or no embroidery background youll be creating professional results you never thought possible!
The Idea
Combine scanned images or any photograph taken with a digital camera to create perfectly placed applique embroidery designs ... quickly and easily!
The Basics
Create unique custom designs without digitizing
Perfectly cropped instant appliques
325 pre-digitized interactive shapes
102 easy to customize interactive fonts
Print Simulated Embroidery
Rotate and Mirror Images
Adjust Density
Resize existing stitch files
Auto-recognize if design is for print or for stitching
Saves working files so that you can continue to play later
Instant Stitch Generation using Brian Bailie's Interactive Design Technology
Insert your existing embroidery designs
Choose your favorite hoop size for easy layouts
Save and load Adorable You! working files (both embroidery and graphics)
Reads and writes today's most popular commercial and home formats
Supports: PES, HUS, SHV, VIP, VP3, PCS, JEF, SEW, DST, EXP, XXX, CSD, PCM
Want to try it first? Download the demo version here. (demo is of the BASIC version.)
© 2000 - 2017 American Sewing Machine, Inc. & Sewforless.com ...Where Stitchers Come First
Sewforless.com is not responsible for typographical errors or omissions relating to pricing, copy, photography or application. In the event of a pricing error Sewforless.com will contact you via email, phone or fax with the correct pricing information.


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Best Family Activities In Cherry Hill, NJ
Wondering what to do with your family this weekend? Have no fear! Here's our list of the best family activities in Cherry Hill, New Jersey:
Our Picks For Family Fun In Cherry Hill, NJ
Cherry Hill Public Library
The Cherry Hill Public Library (CHPL) isn't just a great place to find your next summer read. Almost every day, CHPL hosts another great event, designed to empower young minds and instill a life-long appreciation of reading and the arts.
Their "Little Listeners" series encourages young children to develop their language skills through "short stories, songs, rhymes, movement and a simple craft." For older kids, there's a Lego club, "Lunch and a Movie," and even a creative writing group!
Follow the link to find Cherry Hill Public Library's Event Calendar.
Garden State Discovery Museum
Designed specifically for children, the Garden State Discovery Museum features numerous interactive exhibits, an outdoor play area, and even a theater!
The museum's Dinosauriam allows kids to take part in New Jersey's history of dinosaur discoveries. The first dino was discovered nearby, in Haddonfield, and now children can dig up their own fossils at the Garden State Discovery Museum.
In the Museum's Wildlife Area, kids can get up close with some of the world's most fascinating animals. There's even a bug tunnel for adventurous children to come face-to-face with creepy crawlies!
Spend A Day Outside!
There's nothing better than packing a picnic and heading into the great outdoors with your family!
Featuring walking paths, ball fields, and plenty of beautiful surroundings, Cherry Hill offers some of New Jersey's most beautiful parks. To find one near you, visit Cherry Hill Township's List of Parks.
Activities Close To Cherry Hill
Philly Fun!
Across the river in Philadelphia, there's always something fun for kids to do! From The Franklin Institute and their engaging, hands-on approach to science to the stunning children's theater pieces performed by the Walnut Street Theatre and the Arden Theatre Company, you'll find plenty of family-friendly activities in the City of Brotherly Love!
New Jersey Adventure Aquarium
On this side of the water, there's the New Jersey Adventure Aquarium in Camden, NJ. The Aquariam's stunning centerpiece is their Shark Realm, where daring young ones can travel through the Shark Tunnel, a 40-foot suspended pathway offering 360 views of the East Coast's largest collection of shark species.
This winter's big exhibit is "Frogs: Nature's Messenger," where kids can meet more than 20 types of web-footed wonders, "from tiny to enormous and freakish to fantastic"!
Now that you know what to do in Cherry Hill, it's time to get out there and have some fun!
Adoptions From The Heart's office in Cherry Hill, NJ is located at 451 Woodland Ave. For more information, visit our Cherry Hill, NJ Contact page.


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Groupon's board of directors is looking outside its current management for candidates that could assume the now vacant position of CEO, according to a Bloomberg report that cites anonymous sources familiar with the situation.
Last week, long-time Groupon CEO and founder Andrew Mason was terminated from his post after the company lost a fifth of its value and for its consistently disappointing quarterly earnings. The move was hardly a surprise, with several critics on Wall Street clamoring for Mason's departure November. And until Groupon finds a replacement, executive chairman Eric Lefkofsky and vice chairman Ted Leonsis have been appointed as temporary leaders.
The company's dismal financial results come just as consumer demand for online-coupon services like Groupon have drastically cooled down compared to a year ago. However, it seems that the board is still confident in the group-deal business model, just not its execution thus far.
According to Bloomberg's sources, the board's decision to look for an external leader means Groupon Chief Operating Officer Kal Raman isn't being considered for the position. Also, Lefkofsky, Leonsis, and other board members are also out of the running, according to Groupon.
Whomever the board does determine as a credible candidate to take over, they will likely have a hell of a time turning Groupon's dismal business around.


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Higher Education Audio & podcast
November 21, 2017
The environment plays a huge part in wine making -- what about beer? In today's Academic Minute, College of the Holy Cross's Daina Harvey discusses why gout de terroir isn't just for wineries.
Academic MinuteThe Academic Minute features professors from top institutions around the country, delving into topics from the serious to the light-hearted, keeping listeners abreast of what's new and exciting in the academy.
Advertiser WebinarsFree webinars from our advertisers
Editorial WebcastsRegister for our upcoming conference, or purchase recordings of past conferences.
The PulseThe Pulse, hosted by Rodney B. Murray of University of the Sciences, is Inside Higher Ed's monthly technology podcast.
October 1, 2014
Join Inside Higher Ed editors for a review of the findings of our 2014 Survey of College and University Human Resources Officers.
October 1, 2014
With new technological advances come unforeseen legal issues. In today's Academic Minute, Rice University's Kirsten Matthews addresses the patenting process in the biotechnology field. Matthews is a fellow in science and technology policy at Rice. A transcript of this podcast can be found here.
September 30, 2014
In today's Academic Minute, Tufts University's Patrick Forber explains the work he and a team of researchers are doing on how spite has evolved.
September 29, 2014
In today's Academic Minute, Georgia State University's William Alex Pridemore discusses the increased health risk that prisoners face.
September 26, 2014
Our September 26 program featured discussions of politics and technology. In the first segment, the University of California at Berkeley's David A. Hollinger joined Editor Scott Jaschik and the moderator Casey Green to analyze how differently the academy's "two cultures" -- the humanities and the sciences -- have responded to Stephen Salaita and other recent controversies over campus free speech. And in the other part of our program, Dartmouth College's Joshua Kim participated in a discussion of the changing landscape for learning management software.
What Others Are Reading
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Zombie Tsunami v 1.6.1 | 45.8 MB | Compatibility: Requires iOS 5.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad and iPod touch. This app is optimized for the iPhone 5.
The zombies are revolting ! In Zombie Tsunami, take your place in a crowd of rampaging undead as you race through the city attacking the unfortunate survivors and adding them to your unstoppable throng of hungry, hot-footed horrors. It's a Zombie Tsunami out there, and everyone is invited!
5/5 TouchGen.net - "If you're looking for a fantastic game, look no further!"
4.5/5 TouchArcade - "Zombie Tsunami is a game you really need to own"
5/5 AppSmile - "Featuring Pixar-like graphics, simple controls, and plenty of content"
4.5/5 148Apps - "It's fun madness, emphasis on fun."
5/5 iReviewT.com - "Revolutionary endless runner formula!"
5/5 AppSpy.com - "Zombie Tsunami carves its own path with a great claymation style and roaming hordes of the walking, and jumping dead"
- Add as many zombies to your hoard as you can.
- Frantic flesh-eating fun for all the family!
- Keep going as long as at least one zombie is still running (and it doesn't have to be the zombie you started with).
- Collect 8 different power-ups and bonuses to run further and destroy more.
- Turn over cars, buses, vehicles and tanks to eat the survivors inside.
- 300+ different missions to devour.
- 9 worldwide locations to stampede your zombies through.
- Optimized for all models of iPhone, iPod touch and iPad.
- Featuring Retina Blast Processing
Beginning with a single zombie running through the streets, chase down the living and add them to your chaotic procession of dashing undead. The more people you b**e and add to your ranks, the longer the Zombie Tsunami can charge across the planet, eating everything in its way.
But brains aren't the only thing you can eat as the Zombie Tsunami gets into full swing. Devour the bonuses and power-ups to activate the Giant Zombie with multiple lasers shooting out of its many eyeballs, sneak around the cities as a netherworld Ninja, or clone members of your zombie hoard with the UFO.
Zombie Tsunami is a fun-packed thrill-ride of destruction, excitement and tasty brains! Who can gather the biggest collection of charging zombies? Can you survive the gaping chasms, powerful bombs and streets filled with tanks with at least one flesh-eater still on its feet? Join the Zombie Tsunami and find out!
Nouveautés de la version 1.6.1
You can now eat your Facebook friends! Exchange civilians and compete in a leaderboard. We also added a new vehicle to flip (an airplane), and many bug fix and improvements.
Feel free to post your Zombie Tsunami v 1.6.1 (iPhone Game) torrent, subtitles, free download, quality, NFO, rapidshare, netload, uploaded, rapidgator, extabit, letitbit, crack, serial, keygen, or whatever-related comments here. use only English, Owners of this website aren't responsible for content of comments.


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May 2013 research from CEFRIO reveals major social networking differences in English and French speakers in Quebec.
Canada's second-largest province has lower penetration rates for all social sites among French speakers compared to English speakers, with one exception: Twitter.
As eMarketer reports, YouTube showed a 13-point advantage among English speakers vs. French speakers; Pinterest and LinkedIn were both nearly twice as popular among English speakers over French; and Facebook and Google+ penetration were also slightly lower among French speakers.
Yet Twitter displayed a higher popularity among the francophones of Quebec, compared to its English speakers.
The data also examined social networking habit differences between English speakers and French speakers in Quebec. Evidently, the latter were more likely to interact with other users whereas the former were more likely to engage in accessing their own accounts, sharing and creating content.
With the new Twitter Canada office up and running, perhaps additional insights can be gleaned from the CEFRIO data and adjustments be made in surfacing French-language content. Marketers, as well, should be attuned to the apparent need for French content on social channels.
(Source: eMarketer.)


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What makes the difference between blogs that make money... and those which don't? Find out how blog monetization REALLY works in 2017... and how it has everything to do with getting traffic. Pick your date and time for this free blog monetization workshop.
April 30th, 2009
4 min read
This is a guest post by Roman Jelinek. Here he shares his view that few but quality posts are better then frequent and rushed posts. I don't completely agree with this, but I'll let my audience decide. My view is posted as a followup comment.
There are mixed opinions about whether a blogger should focus on spewing out lots of posts or whether sparse but quality posts are better. Should you post often regardless of quality, or less often but content rich posts? Spend 30 minutes on a daily post or 3 hours on a quality weekly post?
Gregor Mendel Prepares For His Post
In 1854 Gregor Mendel lived at an Abbey. He had a hunch that certain biological traits are passed on to offspring through inheritance. For seven years he cultivated a pea garden and performed experiments. He carefully wrapped each individual plant to prevent cross pollination so that he could manually pollinate the pea plants. He kept track of every plant's characteristics: stem length, seed shape, seed color, pod color and more. By the end of the seven years he had documented the characteristics of 29,000 individual pea plants.
George Mendel was a patient man. He could of written a quick paper about his reasons for believing in inheritance and given a few scattered examples. But he did not. Before publishing his paper he collected data and studied results for seven years. Today he is hailed as the father of modern genetics.
Follow Mendel's Example
Before Mendel published his paper he put in time. Lots of it. Only after seven years of meticulous research did he published a paper. The result is that he produced something new. Something that nobody else had done. True, it took time and effort, but there is no other way to make a valuable contribution.
Most bloggers get a high when they click the publish button – oh yeah, post complete and online, that feels so good. It is like a drug, you want it, and you want it more and more. You rush a post and try to get it out as fast as you can because you want to press the publish button. But maybe this is the reason why your blog is not doing as well as it could. You are not adding value, not creating quality.
Follow Mendel's example. Do not rush your posts. Sit back and think about your post. If you simply plop down at your computer and start writing without preparation your post will not be a quality post. Slow down. Think about what you can do to add value to your post.
Here are a couple of suggestions that will help you create quality posts. But be forewarned, they take time and effort.
Do Research
Before you make a post do research. By research I do not mean going to Google search and reading the first result. Anybody can do that. Dig around – look in odd places. Use a source that most people do not have easy access to. Go to the local library and find an old book about your topic. The older and more obscure the book the better. Walk down the isles and run your finger along the stems of the books – pick out the one that leaves the most dust on your finger. Skim through it and find an interesting bit of information. Then build your post around that obscure piece of information. Find a way to tie it into your topic. This is especially helpful if your post is a common topic because it helps your post stand out from the hundreds of other ones about the same topic.
Make Connections
The magic of the human mind is that it can make connections between two seemingly unrelated things. The whole universe is interconnected in some way. The connections are there – creative people are the ones that see the connections. When you read about something new, a new invention, a new idea, it is usually the result of a connection being made between two things that were thought to be separate.
Connections are everywhere. You should be looking for them. They do not have to be perfect or paradigm shifting. Simple connections will suffice. Force people to think in ways they have not thought before. Force the mind to twist and turn in ways that it is not use to doing. Show your readers something that they do not see. It is hard work, but your readers will appreciate it.
Time Spent Preparing Will Be Returned
These are just two examples that will add value to your posts. The time you spend before writing the post will be reflected in the post. The more time you spend at the library the more interesting your find will be. The more time you spend looking for an obscure connection the better the connection will be.
Mandel spent seven years preparing for his post, something that most other people would never do. But his reward was that he will forever be remembered as the father of modern genetics.
How much time do you spend preparing your posts?
Roman is a new webmaster with a blog and website describing in detail what is involved in creating, maintaining and profiting from a site. Charts and statistics are used to reveal How This Website Makes Money Online.


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[JURIST] Officials from the UK Ministry of Justice [official website] announced Friday that the government will award compensation to Lotfi Raissi, an Algerian-born UK man wrongfully detained in the wake of the 9/11 attacks [JURIST news archive]. Raissi was jailed in September 2001 on a US extradition warrant after being indicted by a federal grand jury on accusations that he provided pilot training to 9/11 hijackers. In February 2008, the UK Appeals Court ordered [judgment text] the Ministry to consider Raissi's appeal for compensation, reversing a 2007 High Court ruling [JURIST report] that he was ineligible for compensation because his detention stemmed from an extradition order. The Appeals Court held that the issue of extradition is not relevant to the question of compensation so long as it still results in a miscarriage of justice by UK courts. Last month, the Appeals Court gave Justice Secretary Jack Straw [official profile] 28 days [judgment text] to decide whether to compensate Raissi. An independent assessor will now determine the amount of the award, which some expect to be several thousand pounds.
Raissi was arrested naked in his home with his wife and brother on September 21, 2001. He was granted conditional bail [BBC report] five months later because the US government was unable to adduce any evidence to support its allegations. He sought compensation under a government scheme allowing payment to any "person whose convictions are quashed on appeal or who, following charge, have not been proceeded against or have been acquitted of crime at trial."


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Stan Petrovich
On A Ledge - Poem by Stan Petrovich
I do not see any longer,
And I became real depressed;
Now I sit on a ledge
High above the traffic
Like Mars sitting above the outstretched city skies;
I am recording this so all may know my random thoughts:
It is an old-fashioned cassette tape, too,
Showing that I am a lowclass beggar
Commiting a vile suicide.
I decided to be naked for this action,
(Let them get a jolt out of my mangled nakedness) !
Let me tell you my philosophy of life now:
All is nothing and there are no magical gods or god-
Dogs are magical, and insofar as they are true,
So are women, red sky at night, the froth of fresh beer.
I am the king of my castle and you cannot intend to harm me there-
Or I will take off your head in oh so many ways.
But being blind sucks, and I'm going to jump now;
No one below is watching or to the side (I think) :
Yippee Kay Yah, I go now and leave it up to you
To do the housecleaning on the street below...
Comments about On A Ledge by Stan Petrovich
Gajanan Mishra (5/5/2013 4:44:00 AM)
house cleaning on the street below. thanks.
I invite you to read my poems and comment. (Report) Reply
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Stan Petrovich's Other Poems
Famous Poems
Phenomenal Woman
Maya Angelou
Still I Rise
Maya Angelou
The Road Not Taken
Robert Frost
If You Forget Me
Pablo Neruda
Langston Hughes
Annabel Lee
Edgar Allan Poe
Caged Bird
Maya Angelou
Rudyard Kipling
Stopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening
Robert Frost
I Do Not Love You Except Because I Love You
Pablo Neruda


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The fun at Legoland Windsor doesn't need to end when the park gates close as the LEGO themed attraction park has announced it is opening a new hotel on its grounds in March 2012.
As if the funpark itself isn't fun enough, the new hotel has plenty of amusement to offer visitors as well. Legoland Windsor's new hotel will boast 150 rooms which will all feature one of three themes. Choose from the royally decorated kingdom room, the pirate room which comes with Polly the LEGO parrot, or feel like Indy Jones in the adventure room. But that's not all. The hotel will also have a treasure trail carpet, a kids play area and a pirate themed water play area. There is also a pool, interactive LEGO displays, a bar and buffet restaurant with kid friendly menus and play areas.
Room prices at the Legoland hotel will vary between £247 and £337 (R3150 – R4300) for a family room and it includes breakfast and entrance tickets to the amusement park for two days. And if that's not enough, each guest will receive a complimentary LEGO gift upon check-in.
Even though the hotel won't see its first guests till March 2012, they are already taking bookings now. And if you do so before Christmas, you will be entered in a prize draw with exciting prizes up for grabs.
The new Legoland hotel in Windsor promises to be a must stay hotel for all die hard LEGO fans. I think the only hard part of staying at this hotel is trying to make your children go to sleep.
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