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Discussion in 'Tennis Tips/Instruction' started by player69, Sep 17, 2004.
Hi guys,
Has anyone tried this? Does it really work?
The Wonder Wedge does work. It works because it locks in your grip whichever that may be. It forces a good grip change and the ellevated bevel gives you better feel for the grip of your choice.
For the onehanded backhand it is excellent. Becuase of the elevation it promotes, you will feel your hand gain strength around the handle, this obviously promotes solid contact. For the twohander it works very well and promotes proper hand placement for the grip of choice.
It is ideal to learn fast grip changes as you can really feel how your fingers lock in.
You can also generate a hell of a lot more spin. Because the hand is firmer on the grip, there is less twisting in the hand, especially if you sweat a lot. Because there is less twisting, off center shots feel like they are on center. Spin becomes massive because of how stable the racquet is in your hand.
If you use a SW grip with a windshield wiper motion, you can really crank the racquet up the back of the ball becuase of the increased leverage you get from the Wonder Wedge.
Spin serves gain tremendous kick. You can really crank up the spin in the ball.
It works but like anything it takes time to get used to it. It is an approved USTA product. Which means that you dont have to worry about someone trying to disqualify you from an improperly enhanced racquet. When you purchase a Wonder Wedge you also get a document illustrating that the Wonder Wedge is an approved product that can be used on the racquet for USTA tournament play.
Of all the things that have changed in racquet technology, the handle of the racquet remains virtually unchanged. This is a revolutionary product.
Whats a Wonder Wedge?
Whats a Wonder Wedge?
Thanks for the detailed information. I love this game, but it is very fustrating at times. My tennis skills have been like a roller coaster ride. One month I'll be loving my ground strokes and the way I'm hitting. When I'm in this state of mind, I would think that I've found my comfort zone and all I need to do is improve on consistancy. Then the next month, I would be totally lost. I'ld have to start over again to find my grip and forehand. I've been making excuses about the strings and the weather, but I'm sure it's my grip. It seems as if my grip changes every 3 weeks or so.
Do you think the wonder wedge will help? I guess it doesn't hurt to try.
Do you have any other suggestions to help with my grip change?
It works big time. It helps if you are able to analyze your shots in terms of: the grip used, the swing path, the contact point, and racquet head angle, to the results. It might cause you to close your racquet head angle slightly because you will be encouraged to move your hand to the "true grip placement," plus the increased leverage and traction will put more spin and action on the ball. If you are able to understand what is going on and make some minor adjustments to your game you will be amazed at the results.
Read what Bungalo Bill had to say.
Grip changes are a weird thing to practice. At times I often feel like a kid in front of a mirror drawing my pistol to shoot the bad guy. Practicing the grip change is done this way. You need to practice grips changing either in front of the mirror or whereever till it bcomes second nature and boring.
You never know what products can help your game. The cost is so minimal that you really have nothing to lose. I know this that your hand will feel stronger and you will know for sure you are in the right grip (or the wrong grip) for your shots. It does take time to get used to as it enhances the handle. So you need to use it for a good two months.
One thing you will notice right off the bat providing you have good technique is the spin you can generate off the ball.
For Eastern forehand players, kiss those days goodbye of people saying you cant generate as much topspin with an Eastern forehand as compared to a SW or Western forehand player. When they see your ball jump, they will say HOLY COW!
On another note, this is an excellent product for kids as well. Becuase it strengthens the hand and therefore the contact with the ball, it is very possible to teach a young child to hit a onehanded backhand!
I once suggested that this product was not only good for the average player but that it "might" be an excellent item for wheel chair athletes because they have to re-grip the racquet after moving themselves into position. My posts were kinda scoffed at such is life.
Now, I've never tried this particular product but I have recommended it to several players who seemed to have significant problems in either gripping the racquet or found it difficult to change grips. In one case that I know of the individual was extremely pleased with the results.
Before I knew that this product existed, I suggested to several people to use popsicle sticks in a similar manner - underneath the wrap. I think the "wonder wedge" is a much better solution and would work for many.
You know, if the addition of this makes the handle too thick, I would think one could shave down the basic handle a little to compensate -- most handles are wood. Just a thought.
Incidently, a lot of older players loose their grip a little as they age and this also could be an answer.
Did they pay you or give you any sort of compensation for using your endorsement on their website BB?
I also use this product for the same reasons as BB and others mention.
My forehand and backhand has been very inconsistent and unpredictable all summer. At first I thought it was due my summer long wrist tenderness( Which i thought was caused by the Prince Diablo). Then I realized that I stopped using the Wonder-Wedge.
I just reordered one and low and behold the top spin is back.
Great personalized customer service.
Note: If installed correctly, the change in the geometry of the handle will render the grip size is to be almost insignificant.
Note 2: Try installing the WW with the original grip instead of an overgrip. The expanded surface area is very beneficial.
How long has this WW on the market? I was wondering, if it's such a great product, why we never heard any top ranked professional using it? Or is there anyone?
If it's relatively new and takes time for people to get to know it, can we expect a rising young player using this?
No, I have not paid Bungalo Bill but I really need to do something very special for him. His endorsement/testimonial has had even more of an affect them the one I received from the high performance development coach, Peter D. McCraw, when he was at Bollettieri's. Peter is back in Australia now and continues to support the Wonder Wedge. There are not many tennis people that can really capture my attention but when Bungalo Bill speaks/posts, I listen and learn. The guy is fantastic as eveyone on this forum knows.
As far as any professionals using it I haven't a clue. I do know that occassionally I will get some fairly large orders from some of the tennis hot spots in Florida. The Russia Tennis Federation had asked for a number of samples. I have a great testimonial that I am going to put up from a dad in Texas whose son plays in the junior tournaments and is going to be playing in a national boys 18s champs tournament in December. Here is what he said.
So the Wonder Wedge is finally getting out there and who knows.
You got to love the game.
If I use continental for volleys and serves, how would the Wonder Wedge affect me?
I've tried the WW and it feels very weird at first. It only gives you three grip options: forehand, backhand, and continental. If you use any inbetween grips like I do, fuggetaboutit!
The WW is great for the Continental grip for two reasons: 1) Most people extend their index finger (back to the Pistol Grip) when they use this grip on serves, volleys and backhands. Their finger will notch on the beveled tip. This provides a great frame of reference plus it prevents the index finger from sliding down. 2) Because the size of bevel 2 has been increased, the knuckle on the base of the index finger notches on this bevel making this grip so easy to find. The increased leverage and traction will transfer more energy and power to the ball.
You got to love the game.
Hi David, I agree with you, but if you think about it, inbetween grips are difficult to use and find on any shaped tennis racquet handle. In fact I consider the Semi-Western and the Continental inbetween grips because the bevels are so small. The Wonder Wedge takes care of this problem by increasing the size of bevel 2 and bevel 4. Now the knuckle on the base of your index will notch on the increased surface surface area making it easy to find and make the transition to these grips. In fact look at the outline below and you will see that all of the other bevels remain the same size except the bevel for the Eastern forehand grip, but it is still very easy to find.
I've known about this product for a while and must admit that BB's comments have me more interested.
Does this product still work on the narrower grips that are found on some of the Volkl and Head racquets? I think it might be called the tour grip?
The WW is .75 inches wide on the base if that helps. When you take off the grip that your racquet came with, it will probably be very close to that. When you attach it with the tape if the bevel 3 is slightly smaller it will pull the sides down snug anyhow. It is approx. 6.25 inches long and can be cut to accomodate your hand size.
Tim, do you need to decrease your grip size by one if you apply the Wonder Wedge. For instance, I play with a 4 1/2, if I add the WW, it will become slightly larger than 4 1/2 and I might be better of equiping a 4 3/8 with the WW to come close to the 4 1/2 circumference?
More then likely the grip size will be fine. It should be very close. It all depends on just how thick the grip is that you take off your handle. It varies from mfg. to mfg. Keep in mind that the WW changes the whole dynamics of the handle and now is going to fit in your hand differently. Many racquets come with bulky grips which actually obscures all the bevels. When you attach the WW with the tape and them add your favorite overwrap the definition is tremendous for all the bevels.
Andirez, thanks for the question.
Thanks for the quick reply Tim.
One other question: The reason why I am interested in the Wonder Wedge is that I think it might alleviate the stress on my hand due to the increase of the contact surface between the racquet's grip and my hand. Is there any proof that WW reduces the forces imparted on your playing hand by spreading out the contact surface or is this just a matter of trying it out and see if it does the trick?
Since the grip size is about the same with the WW attached it will not increase the contact surface area but it will change the contact points you are currently using because it fits differently in your hand. It is made of Sorbothane, the registered trade mark of Sorbothane corp. which is a fantastic shock absorption material that you see in a lot of running shoes and better tennis shoes. You can't wear it out. Great stuff.
Haha, sorry, but I have a few more questions if you wouldn't mind answering.
First, I have a LM Prestige (for frame reference)..but as on all racquets, the butt cap is bigger than the rest of the handle..(you know how it flares)..how in the bajeebus do you attach the Wonder Wedge on it? Looking at the Wonder Wedge design, it's flat, making it rather difficult, unless cut. That, or leave a gap.
Second, what exactly is Sorbothane? Is it a soft rubber type that's easily cut? Or..?
Third, can you apply your own overgrip to this?
Thanks. Probably going to order one soon, if mail order is an option.
Excellent questions.
If you go to the site and examine the various photos you will notice that some of the WWs are attached very close to the end of the butt cap and some are about 1/4 inch from the end of the handle. I play with 6 racquets and the WWs are all attached to varying degrees like you described above. When I play with the different racquets it does not seem to make any difference just how closely they are attached to the end of the handle. What I do recommend is that you place a couple of extra wraps of the tape you attach the WW with to really secure the cut end. A side benefit is, if you place enough extra wraps on the end you will build up a slight ridge, which for the power players who like to have part of their hand off the handle, (especially the SW) the end notches underneath the base of the thumb and makes the handle very secure in their hand. Look at some of the Pros handles, some of them are really built up on the end.
"Sorbothane is an innovative visco-elastic material. Although it is a solid, it mimics liquid properties. High mechanical damping, faultless memory, returns to original shape time after time, remains stable over a uniquely broad period of time." That is straight from their brochure. The bottom line is you can't wear it out and it provides fantastic shock absorption. Yes, it is difficult to cut, but it is not hard to cut it straight down with a shape knife.
like you would need to cut the WW to adjust it to your hand size.
Sure, whatever you like, just don't put the grip that your racquet came with back on. This will build up the handle too much. Some customers have told me that they have done that but I just can't imagine.
Yet another question Tim.
Would you say that the Wonder Wedge allows you to loosen your grip a bit more compared to a regular grip (due to the improved contact area)?
I would have to say, "No." You still need to have a firm grip on the handle.
Hi Guys,
I would like to thank everybody for their interest, and all the great questions asked. It does look like a number of you did visit the site which is greatly appreciated.
Would especially like to thank Bungalo Bill for his excellent comments. He explained the Wonder Wedge much better then the site does, which is not surprising. I know we received a number of orders from the TW forum group because of the many notes saying how much respect they have for him.
For those that tried the WW, thanks. It takes a lot of guts to take the grip off your racquet and attach a foreign object to it and trying to cut it to the size you want, very confusing for most people. You have got to really love the game and have a lot of desire to be the best you can be. Once you get it attached you have to go out, practice, experiment, try to figure out what is going on. Some people think they have died and gone to tennis heaven and make the transition right away, another group will do very well off on side (forehand or backhand) but have trouble with the other but eventually figure it out, others just can't seem to make the transition (very few).
Again, thanks so much for your interest.
Your welcome TT.
I would like to hear from those who have tried the WW. What are your questions? How has it helped.
For those teaching children, this is a great aid in helping them firm up the grip and helping them learn the proper swing path for the grip of choice. The extra leverage is great for their little hands. The best thing is they have no "unlearning" to do!
Okey, I ordered two
Can't wait to try this out and I plan to post a review of how it is working out for me once I receive them
Thanks for the order, it will go out first thing tomorrow morning. Since it is an export order it usually takes 7 to 10 days. Thanks for including the $7.00 export fee, sometimes this confuses people. That is what it cost to send it overseas.
Can't wait for you to give a detailed explanation. There are usually phases people go through. 1) Shock, :shock: ( It will feel different ), 2 ) Making friends with it, getting accustomed to the new feel and how it fits in your hand. :? ( That is why we send out the sheet, "For A Quick Start.") 3) Practice, experimentation, adjustment, all of a sudden you start to understand :idea: 4) Elation, joy, satisfaction, as you make improvements in your game and you realize the other areas of your game that the Wonder Wedge can and will improve. :lol: You will be laughing out loud and send me a great testimonial to put up on my site.
I do hope you share with the forum in some detail your experience as you go through the process. That would be very interesting.
You got to love the game.
Hi Guys, Below is the first response I have received from the forum members who tried the Wonder Wedge, as Bungalo Bill suggested. It is classic in that it highlights a major problem with club players which is, they just don't move their hand well on the racquet handle to find the various grips. Jim, thanks for your input.
I ordered the wonder wedge and tried it out briefly. Here is my first impression.
When you first put your hand on the grip, it is very obvious how the wonder wedge helps you find the correct spot. This was helpful for my backhand since I've recently modified my grip. It didn't make much difference anywhere else since I was already consistently finding my grips ok.
Once you get the base of your index finger planted on the enlarged side bevel, it's also obvious how the wonder wedge can improve spin. I already hit a lot of topspin on my semiwestern forehand and didn't really see much difference with the wonder wedge, but I was looking forward for the possible improvements this would make to my kick serve. I was definitely getting more spin on my serves, but I had trouble trying to reduce the spin and get my normal level of power. It seems like the index finger plays a large role in stability and pronation with the continental grip and I felt that the wonder wedge hampered this. I think I get better support behind the grip when my index finger is against the flat side panel as opposed to the wonder wedge. For the same reason, my forehand volley felt akward.
Because my serve is my strongest and favorite shot, and I wasn't hitting it as well with the wonder wedge, I decided to put my experimentation with the wonder wedge on hold. I'm also working on a few other things that I don't want to disrupt. I plan to give it another try since I don't think that I gave it a fair chance by using it for only an hour, but as of right now I think it might not be for me.
I am certainly not suggesting that this is a bad product. For $10, you can't go wrong giving it a try. I am just sharing my limited experience with it and it may end up that I like it more after giving it another try. The product claims to provide ease in finding grips and improving spin. I have found both of these claims to be true.
Thanks for taking the time to write such a thoughtful and informative response. Very well said. Obviously you are a very high level player who is very serious about his game.
It is going to take time to get used to serving and hitting with the WW. It will take a couple months before ALL strokes feel "normal" again. That is when the biggest gains happen. You really begin to feel the leverage you can get with the WW and can take it to another level.
This just does not come on a few trys or a couple of days.
Can't wait till I get mine
Will definitly keep you all informed on what my experience with the WW is.
No problem! I'm glad you didn't take my post the wrong way.
The second part is true, but I'm not too sure about the first part. At least not yet!
I understand that it takes time to adjust to change, but time will not change the way that the wonder wedge modifies the handle. Would you agree that the side panel is important for leverage and support during pronation? If so, don't you think it makes sense that a smaller side panel would provide less leverage for pronation?
Most changes come with negative consequences, and I think in this case that leverage against the side panel is being sacraficed for leverage against the bevels.
You're right that I don't have enough experience with the wonder wedge to back this up, but I still think it's a plausible argument for discussion.
I guess this argument could even be carried over to the narrow tour handle that is on some Volkl and Head racquets vs the more common handle.
I should also point out that I'm not claiming that the wonder wedge prevents you from effectively pronating, just that it might hinder it a bit. For some, this might not be a concern at all. For me it is.
After all you've said about it, I hope you use it. (or maybe I missed reading it)
I think your right in all of the above, I just know that anything "new" needs to be practiced with for awhile. Especially something that is on the handle. But you got to admit (which you have) you get some good spin with the ball.
I just ordered a couple plus the tape for my two Volkl Cat 4s.
I'm always looking for ways to improve my game or at least my technique. If it helps, then great. If not, then the cost at least is minimal.
Will keep you guys apprised.
I tried it today and I feel the advantage is obviously. However, it isn't easy to handle it for me and I don't like it at all.
I hope you guys tell Tim ways to improve the product as well. Tim already knows what I would like to have. I know he is open to hear your comments.
Absolutely, I have a number of ideas on the drawing board. Also I just received a real slam about the site from someone who just ordered. I greatly appreciated him notifying me of the problem.
I had actually thought that I had finally done a pretty good job and was fairly happy with it. If he only knew how many times I have modified it and tried to present the WW at least clearly enough so people understand the concept. It is amazing over the past few years how many super nice people have contacted me about the Web Site and suggested improvements. I listen and try to implement their suggestions if I can. So if you have any problems with the site or ideas how to improve it, please let me know.
Thanks so much,
Ed (Tim Tennis)
Maybe you could make precut Wonder Wedges for certain brands. The Head handles certainly are way different from Wilson..and perhaps the WW could be cut to match the Head, or expanded, to provide a snugly fit for the Wilson.
It'd also be convienent for the consumer...not having to worry about if it's the right fit.
You are already thinking with me. Thanks. Even thought some of the brands do vary, some of the them are more rectanglear and some are fairly square, the WW can fit on any of them and still provide a great frame of reference and extra leverage and traction, but, but in the future the design could modified to some extent.
Thanks, Aoya
I tried Wonder Wedges on two of my racquets, Estusa PBB and Volkl Quantum 10. Both have handle size of 4 3/8. The WW is definitely too wide for Estusa. For Volkl, the WW fits quite well(though still a hair too large).
It would be nice if the WW is available in different sizes. Perhaps with the exception of Head's, the current product seems too wide for any raquets 4 1/4 or smaller.
The Estusa is my current racquet. To use WW, I may have to go back to my volkl.
I'm waiting for the two I ordered last Saturday. I'm hoping they arrive tomorrow ... Ed? =)
I have a pair of Volkl Cat 4s size 4 1/2. I'll let you guys know how they fits and my impressions of it.
Hello Talk Tennis,
Yikes, I hope that is not the case. If you go back to the first comment the forum got on Fri., Oct 1 Actually I copied the E-mail he sent me and posted it for him, he also uses the Estusa PBB and did not mention any problem about the fit on bevel 3. I must admit that I have never tried to attach the WW to the Estusa PBB so I really can't say.
I actually have mine attached to the Gamma, Diamond Fiber Racquets, 4 1/16 which I love and of course they don't make them anymore. I guess the only thing that I can say is that I have never had a comment about the WW not fitting on the racquet handle.
Again, it might be a good idea to make them in different sizes.
Appreciate your comments.
I play with the Volkl Tour 10 V-Engine Mid. It has the tour handle, or whatever you call the handle that is more narrow. The side bevel is just a bit wider than the wonder wedge, but I couldn't tell through the tape and overgrip. The side bevel of the racquet and the bevel of the wonder wedge felt like one big bevel.
Hi Vin, good to hear from you.
Good point about the tape and overwrap, I wish I would have thought of mentioning that in my reply to Talk Tennis.
That is the whole point. The Wonder Wedge increases the size of bevel 2 and bevel 4. This creates the distinctive shape which provides increased leverage and traction and makes it so easy to find and move from grip to grip.
Your Wonder Wedge went out this morning since I received your order Saturday 1:02, the post office closes here at 12.00am. It usually takes 3 days, sometimes 2. So this will give you some time to do a bunch of sit-ups, Chin-ups (How many can you do? I can do 15 with leg weights, on a good day), squeeze those hand grips, run up and down a few hills like Andre', I want you to be ready because I want you to Grip and Rip. I want "results not excuses" :lol:
You got to love the game.
LOL, you havent changed a bit. Still doing those chinups? You know there are places they call "gyms" nowadays. :wink:
Separate names with a comma.


text:
San Diego County's office vacancy inched down to 13.8 percent in the fourth quarter of 2011, dropping below the 14 percent mark for the first time since 2007, according to the CoStar Group. The rate stood at 14 percent in the third quarter and 14.7 percent in the fourth quarter of 2010.
The latest San Diego rate compared with a U.S. rate of 13 percent, down from 13.2 percent in the third quarter and 13.5 percent in the fourth quarter of 2010.
The San Diego rate peaked at 15.3 percent in the first quarter of 2010 and saw its lowest rate in recent years at 8.4 percent in 2005.
San Diego, other markets compared
See this sidebar with accompany charts showing San Diego's office market in relationship those in California and elsewhere around the U.S.
The vacancy level of 15.4 million square feet on a base of 111.5 million square feet declined thanks to a net increase in leased space. But the absorption of 192,830 square feet was much lower than 835,875 square feet in the third quarter and 345,671 square feet in the first quarter. The second quarter saw a 13,066 square feet in negative absorption.
Suburban office markets did better than downtown, the report said. The suburbs absorbed 286,319 square feet in the fourth quarter, while downtown lost 93,489 square feet.
TD Ameritrade signed the largest lease of the year, 111,318 square feet at 5010 Waterridge in Sorento Mesa, followed by Cooley Godward Kronish for 89,309 square feet at 4401 Eastgate Mall in the UTC area, and Cytori Therapeutics at 3020-3030 Callan Road on Torrey Pines Mesa.
Rental rates stayed unchanged at $25.40 per square foot per year, one cent lower than in the third quarter. For the year, the rate was down from $26.05.
Sales through the third quarter included 28 transactions worth $403.5 million, compared with 33 worth $538.1 million for the same period in 2010. The largest sale was for Pacific Center, two towers of 433,320 square feet at 1455 Frazee Road in Mission Valley. CommonWealth Partners was the buyer and the seller was GE Asset Management. The properties were in receivership under Michael Prabhu of Jones Lang LaSalle, the servicer.
Among the properties listed as sold in the year-end report was the Union-Tribune Building. Manchester Financial Group, doing business as Mission Valley Holdings, bought the 38-year-old, 246,000-square-foot, for $42.5 building million from Platinum Equity. CoStar said Platinum had bought the building in a six-property portfolio for $51.2 million in 2009. No separate sale price was given for the adjacent printing plant.
Douglas F. Manchester bought the property as part of the acquisition of the UT San Diego company, reported elsewhere at about $110 million.
Other notables sales from October 2010 through December 2011 included Physicians Medical Center, $83 million, sold by Cambridge Healthcare Properties to Rady Children's Hospital; the 110 Plaza building, $80 million to Forester Properties by Cornerstone Real Estate Advisers; and the Bank of America Tower, $60.2 million to BCL by Bank of America.Copyright © 2017, The San Diego Union-Tribune

subset: commoncrawl


text:
I Think It's Probably Time To Be Ready For A Black Bachelorette, America
Okay real talk for a second: are there seriously still people in America who aren't ready for the first African-American woman to star on The Bachelorette? And I mean other than the ones who obviously work at ABC. In seventeen seasons on the air, the show has never centered on someone who was anything but white or mildly tan. But before you complain, what you probably don't realize , is that that the demographics highlight on The Bachelor and Bachelorette match up perfectly to statistics nationwide — everyone knows that for every seventeen people in every walk of life, 100% of them are white, beautiful, and willing to compete for a stranger's affections with twenty-four other people exactly like them on national television. Those are just facts.
But for those of you who can see that for the sarcasm that it clearly is, you might be interested in hearing about Misee Harris. She's started an online petition over social media to be the next Bachelorette, and it's gaining momentum. She's a 28-year old dentist, and even though the past eight seasons have featured women rejected from The Bachelor, Misee actually has her own foothold in the show. She had originally auditioned for Sean Lowe's season which is currently airing, but by the time she was invited to join the cast, she had decided she didn't want to be the token person of color on the same racially-homogenous show they've been pumping out this whole time.
"I realized that being the Bachelorette would give me a better opportunity to find love and a stronger platform for all of my creative dreams and charity work. It also would allow me to inspire other black women and girls to dream big and know their worth."
Since then, Misee has started a Facebook page, where she already has 16,000 likes from people who'd like to see her on next season. But even though it's still a relatively small moment, it's something that the ABC producers would be wise to take note of. They've been criticized extensively for the show's lack of diversity, even being sued by two men who said the show's refusal to cast a black Bachelor or Bachelorette constitutes racism. Although the suit was thrown out, ABC released the following statement:
"This complaint is baseless and without merit. In fact, we have had various participants of color throughout the series' history, and the producers have been consistently — and publicly — vocal about seeking diverse candidates for both programs. As always, we continue to seek out participants of color for both The Bachelor and The Bachelorette."
I mean nice try, guys, but throwing a few token people of color on a season where they're going to eliminated by a white guy or girl in the first couple rounds doesn't constitute 'seeking diverse candidates'. Casting a black Bachelor or Bachelorette is way overdue, and Misee would be the answer to all your prayers. As far as I can tell, the show's only real requirements are a trusting heart, a bikini-ready body, a thirst for Chardonnay, and an impressive tendency to overreact. Boom, nailed it.
(Image: thegrio via Sandra Dee's Photography)


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Mar 1, 2011
|Filing date
|Jul 16, 2009
|Priority date
|Jan 4, 2007
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Robert W. Schlub, Robert J. Hill, Juan Zavala, Ruben Caballero
|Original Assignee
|Apple Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (32), Referenced by (22), Classifications (18), Legal Events (2)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a division of patent application Ser. No. 11/650,071, filed Jan. 4, 2007 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,595,759, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
This invention relates generally to wireless communications circuitry, and more particularly, to wireless communications circuitry for handheld electronic devices.
Handheld electronic devices are becoming increasingly popular. Examples of handheld devices include handheld computers, cellular telephones, media players, and hybrid devices that include the functionality of multiple devices of this type.
Due in part to their mobile nature, handheld electronic devices are often provided with wireless communications capabilities. Handheld electronic devices may use wireless communications to communicate with wireless base stations. For example, cellular telephones may communicate using cellular telephone bands at 850 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHz (e.g., the main Global System for Mobile Communications or GSM cellular telephone bands). Handheld electronic devices may also use other types of communications links. For example, handheld electronic devices may communicate using the WiFi� (IEEE 802.11) band at 2.4 GHz and the Bluetooth� band at 2.4 GHz.
To satisfy consumer demand for small form factor wireless devices, manufacturers are continually striving to reduce the size of components that are used in these devices. For example, manufacturers have made attempts to miniaturize the antennas used in handheld electronic devices.
A typical antenna may be fabricated by patterning a metal layer on a circuit board substrate or may be formed from a sheet of thin metal using a foil stamping process. Many devices use planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs). Planar inverted-F antennas are formed by locating a planar resonating element above a ground plane. These techniques can be used to produce antennas that fit within the tight confines of a compact handheld device.
To provide sufficient wireless coverage over all communications bands of interest, modern handheld electronic devices sometimes contain multiple antennas. For example, a modern handheld electronic device might have one antenna for handling cellular telephone communications in cellular telephone bands and another antenna for handling data communications in a data communications band. Although the operating frequencies of the cellular telephone antenna and the data communications antenna are different, there will still generally be a tendency for undesirable electromagnetic coupling between the antennas.
This electromagnetic coupling forms an undesirable type of signal interference. Unless the antennas are sufficiently isolated from each other, simultaneous antenna operation will not be possible.
Electromagnetic isolation between two antennas can often be obtained by placing the antennas as far apart as possible within the confines of the handheld electronic device. However, conventional spatial separation arrangements such as these are not always feasible. In some designs, layout constraints prevent the use of spatial separation for reducing antenna interference.
It would therefore be desirable to be able to provide improved ways in which to isolate antennas from each other in a handheld electronic device.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a handheld electronic device with wireless communications circuitry is provided. The handheld electronic device may have cellular telephone, music player, or handheld computer functionality. The wireless communications circuitry may have at least first and second antennas.
The first and second antennas may be located in close proximity to each other within the handheld electronic device. With one suitable arrangement, the first antenna is a hybrid planar-inverted-F and slot antenna and the second antenna is an L-shaped strip antenna. The first and second antennas may have respective first and second planar resonating elements. The first and second planar resonating elements may be formed on a flex circuit that is mounted to a dielectric support structure.
A rectangular ground plane element may serve as ground for the first and second antennas. The handheld electronic device may have a metal housing portion that is shorted to ground and may have a plastic cap portion that covers the first and second planar resonating elements.
The rectangular ground plane element may contain a rectangular dielectric-filled slot. The planar resonating elements may be located above the slot. The first planar resonating element may have two arms. A first of the two arms may be tuned to resonate at approximately the same frequency band as the second antenna. When the first and second antennas are operated simultaneously, the first arm serves to cancel interference from the second antenna and thereby serves as an antenna isolation element that helps to isolate the first and second antennas from each other. A second of the two arms may be configured to resonate at the same frequency as the slot portion of the first antenna to enhance the gain and bandwidth of the first antenna at that frequency.
Further features of the invention, its nature and various advantages will be more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.
The present invention relates generally to wireless communications, and more particularly, to wireless electronic devices and antennas for wireless electronic devices.
The antennas may be small form factor antennas that exhibit wide bandwidths and large gains.
The wireless electronic devices may be portable electronic devices such as laptop computers or small portable computers of the type that are sometimes referred to as ultraportables. Portable electronic devices may also be somewhat smaller devices. Examples of smaller portable electronic devices include wrist-watch devices, pendant devices, headphone and earpiece devices, and other wearable and miniature devices.
With one suitable arrangement, the portable electronic devices are handheld electronic devices. Space is at a premium in handheld electronics devices, so high-performance compact antennas can be particularly advantageous in such devices. The use of handheld devices is therefore generally described herein as an example, although any suitable electronic device may be used with the antennas of the invention if desired.
The handheld devices may be, for example, cellular telephones, media players with wireless communications capabilities, handheld computers (also sometimes called personal digital assistants), remote controllers, global positioning system (GPS) devices, and handheld gaming devices. The handheld devices may also be hybrid devices that combine the functionality of multiple conventional devices. Examples of hybrid handheld devices include a cellular telephone that includes media player functionality, a gaming device that includes a wireless communications capability, a cellular telephone that includes game and email functions, and a handheld device that receives email, supports mobile telephone calls, and supports web browsing. These are merely illustrative examples.
An illustrative handheld electronic device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown in
Device 10 includes housing 12 and includes two or more antennas for handling wireless communications. Embodiments of device 10 that contain two antennas are described herein as an example.
Each of the two antennas in device 10 may handle communications over a respective communications band or group of communications bands. For example, a first of the two antennas may be used to handle cellular telephone frequency bands. A second of the two antennas may be used to handle data communications in a separate communications band. With one suitable arrangement, which is sometimes described herein as an example, the second antenna is configured to handle data communications in a communications band centered at 2.4 GHz (e.g., WiFi and/or Bluetooth frequencies). The design of the antennas helps to reduce interference and allows the two antennas to operate in relatively close proximity to each other.
Housing 12, which is sometimes referred to as a case, may be formed of any suitable materials including, plastic, glass, ceramics, metal, or other suitable materials, or a combination of these materials. In some situations, case 12 may be formed from a dielectric or other low-conductivity material, so that the operation of conductive antenna elements that are located in proximity to case 12 is not disrupted. In other situations, case 12 may be formed from metal elements. In scenarios in which case 12 is formed from metal elements, one or more of the metal elements may be used as part of the antennas in device 10. For example, metal portions of case 12 may be shorted to an internal ground plane in device 10 to create a larger ground plane element for that device 10.
Handheld electronic device 10 may have input-output devices such as a display screen 16, buttons such as button 23, user input control devices 18 such as button 19, and input-output components such as port 20 and input-output jack 21. Display screen 16 may be, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, a plasma display, or multiple displays that use one or more different display technologies. As shown in the example of
A user of handheld device 10 may supply input commands using user input interface 18. User input interface 18 may include buttons (e.g., alphanumeric keys, power on-off, power-on, power-off, and other specialized buttons, etc.), a touch pad, pointing stick, or other cursor control device, a touch screen (e.g., a touch screen implemented as part of screen 16), or any other suitable interface for controlling device 10. Although shown schematically as being formed on the top face 22 of handheld electronic device 10 in the example of
Handheld device 10 may have ports such as bus connector 20 and jack 21 that allow device 10 to interface with external components. Typical ports include power jacks to recharge a battery within device 10 or to operate device 10 from a direct current (DC) power supply, data ports to exchange data with external components such as a personal computer or peripheral, audio-visual jacks to drive headphones, a monitor, or other external audio-video equipment, etc. The functions of some or all of these devices and the internal circuitry of handheld electronic device 10 can be controlled using input interface 18.
Components such as display 16 and user input interface 18 may cover most of the available surface area on the front face 22 of device 10 (as shown in the example of
With one suitable arrangement, the antennas of device 10 are located in the lower end of device 10, in the proximity of port 20. An advantage of locating antennas in the lower portion of housing 12 and device 10 is that this places the antennas away from the user's head when the device 10 is held to the head (e.g., when talking into a microphone and listening to a speaker in the handheld device as with a cellular telephone). This reduces the amount of radio-frequency radiation that is emitted in the vicinity of the user and minimizes proximity effects. However, locating both of the antennas at the same end of device 10 raises the possibility of undesirable interference between the antennas when the antennas are in simultaneous operation. To improve isolation to a satisfactory level, at least one of the antennas may be provided with an isolation element that reduces electromagnetic coupling between the antennas. By reducing electromagnetic coupling in this way, the antennas may be placed in relatively close proximity to each other without hindering the ability of the antennas to be operated simultaneously.
A schematic diagram of an embodiment of an illustrative handheld electronic device is shown in
As shown in
Processing circuitry 36 may be used to control the operation of device 10. Processing circuitry 36 may be based on a processor such as a microprocessor and other suitable integrated circuits. With one suitable arrangement, processing circuitry 36 and storage 34 are used to run software on device 10, such as internet browsing applications, voice-over-internet-protocol (VOIP) telephone call applications, email applications, media playback applications, operating system functions, etc. Processing circuitry 36 and storage 34 may be used in implementing suitable communications protocols. Communications protocols that may be implemented using processing circuitry 36 and storage 34 include internet protocols, wireless local area network protocols (e.g., IEEE 802.11 protocols—sometimes referred to as WiFi�, protocols for other short-range wireless communications links such as the Bluetooth� protocol, etc.).
Input-output devices 38 may be used to allow data to be supplied to device 10 and to allow data to be provided from device 10 to external devices. Display screen 16 and user input interface 18 of
Input-output devices 38 can include user input-output devices 40 such as buttons, touch screens, joysticks, click wheels, scrolling wheels, touch pads, key pads, keyboards, microphones, cameras, etc. A user can control the operation of device 10 by supplying commands through user input devices 40. Display and audio devices 42 may include liquid-crystal display (LCD) screens, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and other components that present visual information and status data. Display and audio devices 42 may also include audio equipment such as speakers and other devices for creating sound. Display and audio devices 42 may contain audio-video interface equipment such as jacks and other connectors for external headphones and monitors.
Wireless communications devices 44 may include communications circuitry such as radio-frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry formed from one or more integrated circuits, power amplifier circuitry, passive RF components, two or more antennas, and other circuitry for handling RF wireless signals. Wireless signals can also be sent using light (e.g., using infrared communications).
Device 10 can communicate with external devices such as accessories 46 and computing equipment 48, as shown by paths 50. Paths 50 may include wired and wireless paths. Accessories 46 may include headphones (e.g., a wireless cellular headset or audio headphones) and audio-video equipment (e.g., wireless speakers, a game controller, or other equipment that receives and plays audio and video content).
Computing equipment 48 may be any suitable computer. With one suitable arrangement, computing equipment 48 is a computer that has an associated wireless access point (router) or an internal or external wireless card that establishes a wireless connection with device 10. The computer may be a server (e.g., an internet server), a local area network computer with or without internet access, a user's own personal computer, a peer device (e.g., another handheld electronic device 10), or any other suitable computing equipment.
The antennas and wireless communications devices of device 10 may support communications over any suitable wireless communications bands. For example, wireless communications devices 44 may be used to cover communications frequency bands such as the cellular telephone bands at 850 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHz, data service bands such as the 3G data communications band at 2170 MHz band (commonly referred to as UMTS or Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), the WiFi� (IEEE 802.11) bands at 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz, the Bluetooth� band at 2.4 GHz, and the global positioning system (GPS) band at 1550 MHz. These are merely illustrative communications bands over which devices 44 may operate. Additional local and remote communications bands are expected to be deployed in the future as new wireless services are made available. Wireless devices 44 may be configured to operate over any suitable band or bands to cover any existing or new services of interest. If desired, three or more antennas may be provided in wireless devices 44 to allow coverage of more bands, although the use of two antennas is primarily described herein as an example.
A cross-sectional view of an illustrative handheld electronic device is shown in
Housing portion 12-2 may be formed from a dielectric. An advantage of using dielectric for housing portion 12-2 is that this allows antenna resonating elements 54-1A and 54-1B of antennas 54 in device 10 to operate without interference from the metal sidewalls of housing 12. With one suitable arrangement, housing portion 12-2 is a plastic cap formed from a plastic based on acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers (sometimes referred to as ABS plastic). These are merely illustrative housing materials for device 10. For example, the housing of device 10 may be formed substantially from plastic or other dielectrics, substantially from metal or other conductors, or from any other suitable materials or combinations of materials.
Components such as components 52 may be mounted on one or more circuit boards in device 10. Typical components include integrated circuits, LCD screens, and user input interface buttons. Device 10 also typically includes a battery, which may be mounted along the rear face of housing 12 (as an example). Transceiver circuits 52A and 52B may also be mounted to one or more circuit boards in device 10. If desired, there may be more transceivers. In a configuration for device 10 in which there are two antennas and two transceivers, each transceiver may be used to transmit radio-frequency signals through a respective antenna and may be used to receive radio-frequency signals through a respective antenna. For example, transceiver 52A may be used to transmit and receive cellular telephone radio-frequency signals and transceiver 52B may be used to transmit signals in a communications band such as the 3G data communications band at 2170 MHz band (commonly referred to as UMTS or Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), the WiFi� (IEEE 802.11) bands at 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz, the Bluetooth� band at 2.4 GHz, or the global positioning system (GPS) band at 1550 MHz.
The circuit board(s) in device 10 may be formed from any suitable materials. With one illustrative arrangement, device 10 is provided with a multilayer printed circuit board. At least one of the layers may have large uninterrupted planar regions of conductor that form a ground plane such as ground plane 54-2. In a typical scenario, ground plane 54-2 is a rectangle that conforms to the generally rectangular shape of housing 12 and device 10 and matches the rectangular lateral dimensions of housing 12. Ground plane 54-2 may, if desired, be electrically connected to conductive housing portion 12-1.
Suitable circuit board materials for the multilayer printed circuit board include paper impregnated with phonolic resin, resins reinforced with glass fibers such as fiberglass mat impregnated with epoxy resin (sometimes referred to as FR-4), plastics, polytetrafluoroethylene, polystyrene, polyimide, and ceramics. Circuit boards fabricated from materials such as FR-4 are commonly available, are not cost-prohibitive, and can be fabricated with multiple layers of metal (e.g., four layers). So-called flex circuits, which are formed using flexible circuit board materials such as polyimide, may also be used in device 10. For example, flex circuits may be used to form the antenna resonating elements for antennas 54.
As shown in the illustrative configuration of
Any suitable conductive materials may be used to form ground plane element 54-2 and resonating elements 54-1A and 54-1B in the antennas. Examples of suitable conductive materials for the antennas include metals, such as copper, brass, silver, and gold. Conductors other than metals may also be used, if desired. The conductive elements in antennas 54 are typically thin (e.g., about 0.2 mm).
Transceiver circuits 52A and 52B (i.e., transceiver circuitry 44 of
Each transceiver may have an associated coaxial cable or other transmission line over which transmitted and received radio frequency signals are conveyed. As shown in the example of
A top view of an illustrative device 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown in
Antenna resonating elements 54-1A and 54-1B and ground plane 54-2 may be formed in any suitable shapes. With one illustrative arrangement, one of antennas 54 (i.e., the antenna formed from resonating element 54-1A) is based at least partly on a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) structure and the other antenna (i.e., the antenna formed from resonating element 54-1B) is based on a planar strip configuration. Although this embodiment may be described herein as an example, any other suitable shapes may be used for resonating element 54-1A and 54-1B if desired.
An illustrative PIFA structure that may be used in device 10 is shown in
The dimensions of the ground plane in a PIFA antenna such as antenna 54 of
A cross-sectional view of PIFA antenna 54 of
A graph of the expected performance of an antenna of the type represented by illustrative antenna 54 of
The height H of antenna 54 of
As shown in
The presence of slot 70 reduces near-field electromagnetic coupling between resonating element 54-1A and ground plane 54-2 and allows height H in vertical dimension 64 to be made smaller than would otherwise be possible while satisfying a given set of bandwidth and gain constraints. For example, height H may be in the range of 1-5 mm, may be in the range of 2-5 mm, may be in the range of 2-4 mm, may be in the range of 1-3 mm, may be in the range of 1-4 mm, may be in the range of 1-10 mm, may be lower than 10 mm, may be lower than 4 mm, may be lower than 3 mm, may be lower than 2 mm, or may be in any other suitable range of vertical displacements above ground plane element 54-2.
If desired, the portion of ground plane 54-2 that contains slot 70 may be used to form a slot antenna. The slot antenna structure may be used at the same time as the PIFA structure to form a hybrid antenna 54. By operating antenna 54 so that it exhibits both PIFA operating characteristics and slot antenna operating characteristics, antenna performance can be improved.
A top view of an illustrative slot antenna is shown in
When antenna 72 is fed using the arrangement of
Because the center frequency f2 can be tuned by proper selection of perimeter P, the slot antenna of
The position of terminals 80 and 78 may be selected for impedance matching. If desired, terminals such as terminals 84 and 86, which extend around one of the corners of slot 70 may be used to feed antenna 72. In this situation, the distance between terminals 84 and 86 may be chosen to properly adjust the impedance of antenna 72. In the illustrative arrangement of
By using slot 70 in combination with a PIFA-type resonating element such as resonating element 54-1, a hybrid PIFA/slot antenna is formed. Handheld electronic device 10 may, if desired, have a PIFA/slot hybrid antenna of this type (e.g., for cellular telephone communications) and a strip antenna (e.g., for WiFi/Bluetooth communications).
An illustrative configuration in which the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna formed by resonating element 54-1A, slot 70, and ground plane 54-2 is fed using two coaxial cables (or other transmission lines) is shown in
With the arrangement of
When multiple transmission lines such as transmission lines 56A-1 and 56-2 are used for the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna, each transmission line may be associated with a respective transceiver circuit (e.g., two corresponding transceiver circuits such as transceiver circuit 52A of
In operation in handheld device 10, a hybrid PIFA/slot antenna formed from resonating element 54-1A of
A graph showing the wireless performance of device 10 when using two antennas (e.g., a hybrid PIFA/slot antenna formed from resonating element 54-1A and a corresponding slot and an antenna formed from resonating element 54-2) is shown in
If desired, the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna formed from resonating element 54-1A and slot 70 may be fed using a single coaxial cable or other such transmission line. An illustrative configuration in which a single transmission line is used to simultaneously feed both the PIFA portion and the slot portion of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna and in which a strip antenna formed from resonating element 54-1B is used to provide additional frequency coverage for device 10 is shown in
In the embodiment of
Coaxial cable 56B or other suitable transmission line has a ground conductor connected to ground terminal 132 and a signal conductor connected to signal terminal 124. Any suitable mechanism may be used for attaching the transmission line to the antenna. In the example of
When feeding antenna 54-1B, terminal 132 may be considered to form the antenna's ground terminal and the center conductor of connector 126 and/or conductive path 124 may be considered to form the antenna's signal terminal. The location along dimension 128 at which conductive path 124 meets conductive strip 120 can be adjusted for impedance matching.
Planar antenna resonating element 54-1A of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna of
Arm 98 can serve as an isolation element that reduces interference between the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna formed from resonating element 54-1A and the L-shaped strip antenna formed from resonating element 54-1B. The dimensions of arm 98 can be configured to introduce an isolation maximum at a desired frequency, which is not present without the arm. It is believed that configuring the dimensions of arm 98 allows manipulation of the currents induced on the ground plane 54-2 from resonating element 54-1A. This manipulation can minimize induced currents around the signal and ground areas of resonating element 54-1B. Minimizing these currents in turn reduces the signal coupling between the two antenna feeds. With this arrangement, arm 98 can be configured to resonate at a frequency that minimizes currents induced by arm 100 at the feed of the antenna formed from resonating element 54-1B (i.e., in the vicinity of paths 122 and 124).
Additionally, arm 98 can act as a radiating arm for element 54-1A. Its resonance can add to the bandwidth of element 54-1A and can improve in-band efficiency, even though its resonance may be different than that defined by slot 70 and arm 100. Typically an increase in bandwidth of radiating element 51-1A that reduces its frequency separation from element 51-1B would be detrimental to isolation. However, extra isolation afforded by arm 98 removes this negative effect and, moreover, provides significant improvement with respect to the isolation between elements 54-1A and 54-1B without arm 98.
The impact that use of an isolating element such as arm 98 has on antenna isolation performance in device 10 is shown in the graph of
In the example of
As shown in
Resonating elements 54-1A and 54-1B may be formed by any suitable antenna fabrication technique such as metal stamping, cutting, etching, or milling of conductive tape or other flexible structures, etching metal that has been sputter-deposited on plastic or other suitable substrates, printing from a conducive slurry (e.g., by screen printing techniques), patterning metal such as copper that makes up part of a flex circuit substrate that is attached to support 102 by adhesive, screws, or other suitable fastening mechanisms, etc.
A conductive path such as conductive strip 104 may be used to electrically connect the resonating element 54-1A to ground plane 54-2 at terminal 106. A screw or other fastener at terminal 106 may be used to electrically and mechanically connect strip 104 (and therefore resonating element 54-1A) to edge 96 of ground plane 54-2. Conductive structures such as strip 104 and other such structures in the antennas may also be electrically connected to each other using conductive adhesive.
A coaxial cable such as cable 56A or other transmission line may be connected to the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna to transmit and receive radio-frequency signals. The coaxial cable or other transmission line may be connected to the structures of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna using any suitable electrical and mechanical attachment mechanism. As shown in the illustrative arrangement of
Conductor 108 may be electrically connected to antenna conductor 112. Conductor 112 may be formed from a conductive element such as a strip of metal formed on a sidewall surface of support structure 102. Conductor 112 may be directly electrically connected to resonating element 54-1A (e.g., at portion 116) or may be electrically connected to resonating element 54-1A through tuning capacitor 114 or other suitable electrical components. The size of tuning capacitor 114 can be selected to tune antenna 54 and ensure that antenna 54 covers the frequency bands of interest for device 10.
Slot 70 may lie beneath resonating element 54-1A of
The configuration of
Grounding point 115 functions as the ground terminal for the slot antenna portion of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna that is formed by slot 70 in ground plane 54-2. Point 106 serves as the signal terminal for the slot antenna portion of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna. Signals are fed to point 106 via the path formed by conductive path 112, tuning element 114, path 117, and path 104.
For the PIFA portion of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna, point 115 serves as antenna ground. Center conductor 108 and its attachment point to conductor 112 serve as the signal terminal for the PIFA. Conductor 112 serves as a feed conductor and feeds signals from signal terminal 108 to PIFA resonating element 54-1.
In operation, both the PIFA portion and slot antenna portion of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna contribute to the performance of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna.
The PIFA functions of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna are obtained by using point 115 as the PIFA ground terminal (as with terminal 62 of
The slot antenna functions of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna are obtained by using grounding point 115 as the slot antenna ground terminal (as with terminal 86 of
The illustrative configuration of
If desired, other antenna configurations may be used that support hybrid PIFA/slot operation. For example, the radio-frequency tuning capabilities of tuning capacitor 114 may be provided by a network of other suitable tuning components, such as one or more inductors, one or more resistors, direct shorting metal strip(s), capacitors, or combinations of such components. One or more tuning networks may also be connected to the hybrid antenna at different locations in the antenna structure. These configurations may be used with single-feed and multiple-feed transmission line arrangements.
Moreover, the location of the signal terminal and ground terminal in the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna may be different from that shown in
The PIFA portion of the hybrid PIFA/slot antenna can be provided using a substantially F-shaped conductive element having one or more arms such as arms 98 and 100 of
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the principles of this invention and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
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Year of fee payment: 4


text:
Steve Chiotakis: A lot of folks really get into cruises to Alaska. Or a romantic oceanliner off to the Caribbean. Even a riverboat ride up the Mississippi. Now there's a new boat trip that explores commerce instead of just the coastline. From the Marketplace Sustainability Desk, Caitlan Carroll takes a ride on the first "Urban Ocean Cruise".
Caitlan Carroll: On a sunny afternoon in Long Beach, Calif., dozens of tourists and locals board a small passenger boat. It's moored outside of an aquarium.
Jerry Schubel: This is the Caroline and we're getting ready to go on the very first urban ocean cruise.
Jerry Schubel is director of the Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach, about a half hour south of Los Angeles. Schubel started the Urban Ocean Cruise to educate passengers about this piece of very productive but also very fragile coastline.
Schubel: We will be going into the inner parts of the nation's two largest ports, and so we will take them places that they would probably not notice on their own.
The cruise covers the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach which handle almost 40 percent of all U.S. cargo traffic. Passengers pay $30 for a view of rusty cranes, massive container ships and hulking power plants.
High school senior Natalie Delossa is unimpressed. She thinks the ports are kind of a gross place to visit.
Natalie Delossa: I think it's kind of like how Paris has tours of the sewers. I think it's a lot like that.
The Urban Boat Cruise does mention sewage and other environmental concerns. The aquarium talked to fishermen, longshoremen, shipping companies and even surfers to understand how people and wildlife interact with this busy harbor. The tour highlights ways the ports try to cut down on pollution. And passengers also hear how *they can keep sea life swimming in cleaner waters.
Any trash, chemicals, fertilizers, pesticides that end up in our streets get washed down storm drains and carried out right here where the LA River meets the Pacific ocean.
But for some passengers the Urban Ocean Cruise is just a big boat ride. William Buresh is seven years old:
William Buresh: You get to go under a draw bridge. See trains, see sea lions playing with seagulls. It was a very fun cruise!
Schubel needs at least 50 passengers every cruise to make the harbor tour viable long term. He'll wait until Labor Day to decide whether to change course or continue full steam ahead.
In Long Beach, I'm Caitlan Carroll for Marketplace.


text:
Recently I sat down with John Challis, CEO of Concept Searching via Live Meeting. During our disucssion we talked about Concept Searchings SharePoint 2010 product, migrating from 2007 and taking advantage of new SharePoint 2010 features. John Challis also gives us a short demo of their concept Classifier product.
conceptClassifier for SharePoint is the only SharePoint solution that delivers automatic identification and extraction of concepts from within content as it is created or ingested, provides intelligent automated classification and enables enterprise class taxonomy management running natively within the SharePoint 2007 and 2010 environment. As a technology platform conceptClassifier for SharePoint is rapidly deployed and easily managed.
Video: John Wiese Talks with John Challis, CEO of Concept Searching, Inc. about SharePoint 2010
|John Wiese
ISV Architect Evangelist
Microsoft Corporation


text: In a previous post about giging with only 1 bass (which, I am doing currently) it occurred to me that this could be a bad idea. So in my local shop is a used SX PJ for $115.00 bucks. I am looking for some feedback from you guys who have these and play these. It would be my backup at gigs, should I ever need it. How do you like yours?


text:
Ericwrote a question about Gregory Jade 50 Backpack - Women's - 2807-3417cu in on May 18, 2014
Does this come with a rain cover?
Does this come with a rain cover?
Does this come with a rain cover?
Has anyone used these boots with a pair of crampons? Thoughts? Thanks a million
I'm not needing to use crampons all the time, maybe just once or twice.
"Heavyweight" is a true description. Layered with a nice base-layer and quality jacket, your in for a meltdown. I always have to strip off after about 1 hour, other wise I burn up. Great to have on freezing days.
I wish they made the exactly same mid-layer in a mid-weight thickness.
I ordered a L. Im 6'3" and weigh in at about 165-170. Pretty skinny overall with long arms. This item fits perfect.
It also has a chin guard on the zipper. Which I love.
When fully zipped, it also protects the neck very well.
I have used about 5-6 times. I wash everytime, and it still looks new. Smell is always very minimal before i wash.
0 Comments
What more can I say.. they do exactly as they are supposed to.
They are OVER THE CALF despite what the tech specs says.. they are also left and right foot specific. I have washed them multiple times, and they seem to be holding up better than my smartwools socks. Which are suffering after about 5-6 washes. Very well designed. Recommended for any skier.
I ordered XL, I wear size 12-13 shoes. They fit perfect.
0 Comments
I Love these shoes. They are very light, fitting and comfortable. I only wear them from my house to car, and then walk around a carpeted office building all day. I don't run in them. Even with minimal use, the sole on one the shoes has started to separate in two different places. Its been about 3 weeks, so its been to long for me to return unless I pay for shipping. Props to backcountry for taking the return. Boo to Merrell for shoes that fall apart in a few weeks.
I'll buy another pair and hope for better luck next time. They were very comfortable.
Overall very great. I think they are a little on the small side for being "true to size" overall, nothing to complain about. They seem to stretch out well.
The front kind of has an odd design, its as if the shoe material that covers your toes is a bit short, so when you press your toes to the floor it kind of makes the material fold in weird. Overall feels fine, just cosmetically looks a little odd.
0 Comments
Can anyone please provide an ETA for Black, Size L ?
DISCONTINUED??? ALL OF THEM?? WTF SMARTWOOL.. is this for REAL?
I love to wear this sock to work in the office in my normal tennis shoes (Puma). I also just like to lounge around the house in them. Couldn't ask for a better sock. Also, be sure to gentle wash and line dry. I wear size 12-13 shoe and the XL size fits me just fine.
0 Comments
Only good things to say. The material is perfect, warm and cozy. Not to hot.
The pattern of extra cushion and air flow could not be better. Before these socks I would come home and my shins would hurt. With the extra padding for the downhill skier, I no longer have a problem. I have washed them about 6 times and notice very little wear and tear. You do have to be careful with them around Velcro material, as the grabby velcrow will slowing make them fuzzy and pull the fibers out.
I own 3 pair, just so I can wear them around the house sometimes too.
0 Comments
I have tried a few other helmets besides this one, due to me returning this helmet. This helmet did have some features that I really liked about it. The removable ventilation lining is amazing. Also the design of the vent holes prevent snow from entering the top of your helmet if its snowing outside and you have the liner out.
The padding is very nice, and shape in front for the goggles is perfect.
Thinks I didn't like. the helmet fit perfectly snug as it should, but the placement of the ear covers are back way to far. If you wear the helmet properly, when you ski you will have air and wind going right into your ears. Who wants that? I also didn't like the chin strap. The soft cover part was to small and would slide over to the side over time eventually not doing anything except be in the way. Also the goggle clip is a horrible design. Could be much better.
Overall the helmet was not bad, and looked really nice. But I have found that other helmets offer the better ear protection and more comfortable chin strap that I like to have.
0 Comments
I love this hydration bag. The 3L is perfect for a full day of hard skiing for two people. The material is very very strong and I feel as if it will never wear out.
The tube is high quality, and the no leak bite valve is very nice as well. It has a turn style feature to stop the flow of water even if the bite valve is depressed. Comes in handy for when I lean against it on the lift, water doesn't run everywhere. No plastic taste, and very easy to clean.
I do wish the tube came with a neoprene insulation liner, to help keep it from freezing. Other than that, no complaints. Recommended to anyone over the Dakine Hydration bag.
0 Comments
I got the jacket brand new in the bag with tags still attached on 12/28/2011. The left front pocket has a pretty bad tear in in... the silver lining next to the front right chest pocket is already starting to come off... and the hood elastic pulls are, already pulled out of place. I asked for an RMA of the jacket, and a new one in return. Backcountry.com is currently out of stock and has been for the last two weeks.
Its absolutely unacceptable that a $600 jacket has this many problems brand new out of the box. I love the warmth of the jacket, its size and features. Everything is perfect in terms of design. I couldn't ask for more. I'm hoping this is just a one off scenario where the jacket skipped QA and is defective.
...waiting for more in stock so I can exchange jacket. Come on backcountry.com what are you waiting for? Order some more Spyder Orbiter Jackets... in Large... Color Black..
...I'll revisit this review when I have a new jacket.
0 Comments


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Below Durce pass
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text:
Hilary Kennedy's Fashion Update, Weekend 26-27th
Hilary shows us "How To" wear stripes
After making your selection, copy and paste the embed code above.
Spring 2011 runways were covered in stripes updated with bright colors and classic cuts. From Prada, Marc Jacobs and Jill Sander, the major labels encouraged fashionistas to sport this nautical look inspired by relaxing days on the French Riviera. Though we may not all be vacationing in France, Hilary Kennedy gives you the details on how to wear the stripes trend here in Dallas without looking like a sailor-in-training.


text:
SKAGGS-L ArchivesArchiver > SKAGGS > 1998-10 > 0907477831
From: Lula Hunter <>
Subject: "Skaggs & Hankins", Beginnings with Never Endings Msg 3-A
Date: Sat, 3 Oct 1998 19:10:31 -1000 (HST)
Now that we know about some of the land transactions of John Hankins, Sr, I
will now attempt to put a little meat on the bones of some family
members---hope I don't confuse you with all the intermarriages of
families--------------and non-marriages, but with a child!
John Hankins, Sr's age is proven by a court case, , "Thomas Christian vs
Wray"--O.S. 54: N.S. 18--Bill, July 23, 1803, (Chalkley, "Chronicles"),
Vol. 2, p. 91
"Joseph Wray obtained a certificate by settlement right in Washington
County (afterwards Russell, now Tazewell County). Joseph died intestate,
leaving his son, John Wray heir-at-law, who sold to orator. In 1799 John
Wray deposes in Clermont County, Ohio, where he then resided 18th February
1806. Deed 26th September 1794 by John Wray to Thomas Christian of Sumner
County, where he then resided 18th February 1806. Deed 26th September 1794
by John Wray to Thomas Christian of Sumner County, territory south of the
Ohio. William Lockhart deposes in Tazewell County 28th September 1805; aged
27 years. Richard Oney deposes in Tazewell County 28th September 1805; aged
50 years.John Hawkins [Hankins] deposes in Tazewell County 28th September
1805; aged 65 years. John Deskins deposes in Tazewell County 28th September
1805; aged 31 years. James Brown deposes in Tazewell County 28th September
1805; aged 50 years. Lawrence Murray deposes in Tazewell County 28th
September 1805; aged 53 years.
Oliver Wynne deposes in Tazewell County 28th September 1805; aged 36 years."
All of the above were neighbors to Joseph Wray [Ray]. Thomas Christian was
raised from childhood by Major Thomas Mastin. Thomas was an orphan, as
deposed by Hezekiah Whitt in his RWA application. Thomas Mastin and Agnes
settled in Sumner County,TN living the remainder of their lives there.
Please note that Thomas Mastin owned adjoining land to John Hankins, Sr. My
thoughts are that Thomas Mastin fought alongside Thomas Christian's father,
or he may have married into the Christian family.------I am researching for
a connection. I will write more on Thomas Mastin in another message.
Before giving John Hankins, Sr family, the following article relates to
many of the names that I have run across in the Hankins and Harman line,
plus it
is an excellent lesson in genealogy research, good reading with many
tangled webs. Perhaps someone out there can fill in some of the missing
information for her. This is probably a good place to insert information
relating to Christin and Mastin relationship,as written and appearing in
Tazewell Historical Society Newsletter, Vol. 2 No. 3, September 15, 1989
"Reed and Related Families of Tazewell County, Virginia and McDowell
County, West Virginia", by Juanita S Halstead.
In a hillside cemetery overlooking the site of the old Reed homestead on
Crane Creek in McDowell Co., WVA are the graves of John Wesley Reed, Sr and
his wife Nancy (nee Christian) Reed. The tomstones at these graves are
still legible and reveal the following vital data: "J. W. Reed, Sr., born
at Rogersville, Tennessee, July 25, 1804, died June 18, 1888; Nancy, wife
of J. W. Reed, born October 18, 1812, died December 2, 1887." Avondale, WVA
is now the postoffice address at this location; Amanuel Reed, the youngest
son of J. W. and Nancy Reed, was the first postmaster there.
A search for additional data pertaining to John Wesley's birth in
Rogersville, Hawkins County, TN proved to be fruitless. Apparently many of
the early records for that county had been lost some years ago. Every
source searched in Hawkins County failed to be helpful. Family lore says
that John Wesley Reed was raised by a Hoover family in Kentucky---one
cousin said that he was told that this was near Lexington. There were
several Hoovers in Jessamine County, KY, a county contiguous to Fayette
County in which Lexington is located, about the time that John Wesley was
growing from infancy to boyhood, but no connection could be established
with these families.
A search of the Floyd County, KY records located some court minutes in re
John Wesley Reed. In 1816, when John Wesley was twelve (12) years of age,
Abraham Beavers was ordered by the court to show cause why he should not
take John Reed into his care as an apprentice to learn the shoemaking
trade. Later, minutes show that Abrahm did take him in. This blends in with
family lore in that Amanuel Reed, aforementioned son of John Wesley, used
to make the shoes for members of his family. Apparently this knowledge was
handed down from John Wesley to his sons. Another record in the Floyd
County minutes in 1821 indicates that John WEsley has left Abraham Beavers,
and an order was issued for his return. At that time, he was referred to as
"John Reed "alias "Hoover." This certainly proves he was using the name
"Hoover" part of the time; and it also indicates that family lore was
correct in saying that he was "raised by Hoovers in Kentucky." We must
remember, at this point, that in 1816 he was a 12-year old boy and ready to
begin to learn a trade. But where was he during the first 12 years of his
life? No additional court minutes could be found with reference to his
leaving Abraham Beavers. Those of us in the family had been told through
the years that he left where he was living in KY because of ill-treatment,
and he would not return to KY even though he had told some of the family
that he probably had an inheritance due him in that state. So far, no
further records have been found for him in KY. Additional research is in
process now to see if we can pick up his trail in KY after 1821.
He did make his way to Tazewell County, VA where, on 30 June 1830, he
married Nancy Christian, a daughter of Thomas Christian and Louisa (nee
Harman) Christian---this ceremony was performed by William McGuire. There
is one John Reed found in Tazewell County records in 1805 when a litigation
is filed between this John Reed and Canfield Taylor. Since we know that our
John Reed was born in 1804 in Rogersville, TN, this had to have been
another John Reed---and, there were other Reeds in Tazewell County who were
related to Lyles Dolsberry. When Hannah Harrison's property was sold on 17
July 1830, our John Reed made two purchases from this estate. One can
easily surmise from this that he bought items which he and Nancy needed to
set up housekeeping. In December 1834, John Reed was chosen as a magistrate
for Tazewell County, VA. This seems to indicate that he was respected by
county residents because in those days the position of magistrate was held
in higher esteem than what it is today. He had accumulated fairly large
holdings in real estate---records of land grants have been found to
substantiate this fact. While this land, at that time, was in Tazewell
County, in 1858 when McDowell became a county, John Wesley and his family,
for the most part, were now residents of this (McDowell) new county. Before
he died in 1888, he found himself in a new state because WVA became a state
in 1863. He and Nancy had several children and their history will be
covered in the "Reed Family History" now being compiled by this writer. The
parentage of John Wesley is still lost in the pages of time, but it is the
hope of this writer that the right page will be turned one of these days to
reveal the answer to this puzzle.
Nancy Christian, wife of John Wesley Reed, was a daughter of Thomas
Christian and Louisa (nee Harman) Christian. Thomas Christian is another
enigma. We know so much about him and his descendants, but, again we are
stumped as to his parentage. From various records extant today, we have
found that Thomas Christian was orphaned and raised by Major Thomas
Mastin. Thomas Mastin and Daniel Smith were among the many Virginians who
migrated to the Territory South of the Ohio River (now TN) in the latter
part of the 1700s. Major Mastin was an outstanding frontiersman, having
been one of the leaders in fighting the Indians during the Chickamauga
Campaign. He was involved in other frontier actions which I shall not
enlarge on at this time. He was the first sheriff of Davidson County, TN;
also, the first sheriff of Sumner County, TN, where he died ca 1810.
Nothing in all the records viewed by this writer has given any hint as to
Thomas Christian's parents. WE do know that he appears in Tazewell County
records as early as 1806, and that he owned several tracts of land, making
his home on the Sinking Waters in that county. There is a case on record in
Augusta County, VA in which Thomas Christian had a suit against John Wray
over this land on the Sinking Waters of Tazewell County. Several of Thomas'
children were born in this home on that site. One census (1850) shows the
birthplace of his son, David, as KY. His first wife, Louisa Harman, was a
daughter of Mathias Harman, Sr and Lydia (nee Skaggs) Harman. We haven't
found the record of the marriage of Louisa and Thomas, but we do know that
Mathias and Lydia Harman were living in KY at times. Where Thomas met
Louisa, we know not; nor do we have a record of Louisa's death. We do know
that Thomas Christian married Mary Altizer in 1829, when Mary was 19 years
of age---this would indicate that Louisa had died prior to 1829. Mary was a
daughter of David and Susan Altizer of Tazewell County.
Mathias Harman, Sr was a son of Heinrich Adam Harman and Louisa Katrina.
Mathias was well known in Southwest VA as an Indian fighter, a "Long
Hunter", and a conqueror of the wilderness. He and others were the founders
of Harman's Station in KY near what is now Paintsville, KY. It was back to
this fort that Jenny Wiley made her way when she escaped from the Indians.
Jenny was escorted back to her home in Virginia, but she and her husband
returned to KY and made their permanent home near to where "Jenny Wiley
Park" is now located. Mathias and Lydia (nee Skaggs) Harman returned to
Tazewell County where they lived out their lives. The site of Mathias' home
is on Dry Fork and I have been told that there is an old family cemetery on
this land.
Lydia Skaggs was a sister to the famous "Long Hunter" Henry Skaggs. They
had other brothers who were noted "Long Hunters", also. Again, we don't
know who the parents were of these hardy, adventurous men and women. This
writer leans toward the idea that James and Rachel Skaggs of Montgomery
County, VA may well have been the parents. One finds records that seem to
point in this direction but, so far, we do not have proof positive. There
is a record where James and Rachel sold land to Thomas Mastin, and we know
that Thomas Christian was later in the care of Mastin. Records in Green
County, KY show that Moses Skaggs, a brother to Lydia and Henry, took up
land there in the late 1700's. He (Moses) was killed by the Indians, but
his wife lived on this land for some time after his demise. A litigation
over this estate names his heirs who were brothers and sisters, as well as
nieces and nephews. Moses and His wife had no children. It was the file on
this case which gave us proof of our family connections. Interestingly
enough, there were Hoovers who lived in Green County and some of them
married members of the Skaggs family.
Mathias Harman, Sr's father, Heinrich Adam Harman came to American from
Germany in the early 1700's. Because so many people in Tazewell County are
descendants of Adam and Louisa, this writer doesn't feel the necessity of
saying much about them. We are proud of our Harman heritage because we are
aware that the Harmans were among the very first to venture into the region
of "the western waters." It is said that Adam established the first
English-speaking settlement west of the Alleghenies. Too, he and his sons
figured in the rescue of Mary Ingles when she escaped from the Indians and
made her tortuous way back home by walking from a point in KY along the
banks of the Ohio River (upstream), following the Kanawha River upstream,
and then the New River until she came to the hunting cabin of Adam Harman
(Giles County). Adam took her in, then went to the field and killed a beef
to make broth to feed her. When she was able to travel, he escorted her on
to Draper's Meadows (Blacksburg, VA). Those who have not read Thom's
"Follow the River" should do so because it is a thrilling account of Mary
Ingles' ordeal. There is also a booklet, which has this story as written by
her son, therein. The descendants of Adam Harman today would be most
difficult to number. Mainly, as in the case of this writer, descend
through more than one branch of this family.
Amanuel Reed, son of J. W. Reed, Sr and Nancy (nee Christian) Reed, married
Robina Beavers on 17 April 1876 in Tazewell County, VA. Robina was a
daughter of Alexander Beavers and his second wife, Rachel Barnett.
Alexander was a son of Robert "Robin" Beavers and Catherine (nee Harman)
Beavers. Catherine was another daughter of Mathias Harman, Sr and Lydia
(nee Skaggs) Harman. Robert "Robin" Beavers was a son of another Alexander
Beavers whose wife's name we do not know, but I believe it was Nancy.
Robert "Robin" was a brother to the Abraham Beavers who took John Wesley
Reed under his wing in KY to teach him to the craft of shoemaking. Records
have not been found to prove it beyond doubt, but this writer believes that
Rachel Barnett was a daughter of Alexander Beavers and Sary (nee Rice)
Beavers. This Alexander was a brother to Robert "Robin" and Abraham
Beavers. At this time, this writer knows nothing additional about Sary
Rice. Alexander (wife Sary), Robert "Robin" and Abraham (who taught John W
Reed) were sons of Alexander whose wife's name is unknown; this Alexander
was a son of Robert and Elizabeth Beavers of Sussex County, NJ; this Robert
was a son of one John Beavers of New Jersey (ca 1743).
Archibald Barnett was a son of William Barnett who was also a resident of
Tazewell County. It is thought that William may have been a son of one of
the James Barnett's of Montgomery County, VA. More research needs to be
done on this family.
The family connection to the "Hoover" family is obscure. We can look
through the tunnel of time and see a dim light which eggs us on in our
search. John Wesley Reed did use the name "Hoover" at times; he did name a
son Henry James Hoover Reed; Amanuel named a son Henry James Hoover Reed;
and we, do have the lore, which has been passed along from one generatin to
the next, that John Wesley was "raised by a Hoover family in KY." We are
now attempting to make contacts in KY, and elsewhere, with those who might
have in their family records data which would help us clarify some of these
If there are those who have information which connects with the Reed
family, I would be most pleased to hear from them. Also, if data which I
have would be helpful to those interested, I will share with those making
inquiries thereto.
Signed, Juanita Sigmon Halstead
End of Reed Genealogy
Source: 1850 Tazewell County, VA Federal Census, household #767
John Wesley Reed, age 47 yrs (1803)
Nancy, 44 yrs (1806)
Jackson, 18 yrs (1832)
Nancy J, 17 yrs (1833)
John L, 16 yrs (1834)
Daniel, 15 yrs (1835)
Wesley, 13 yrs (1837)
Mathias H, 12 yrs (1838)
Thomas M, 8 yrs (1842)
Louisa, 6 yrs (1844)
James M, 4 yrs (1846)
Ammanuel, 1 yr (1849)
John Wesley Reed, Sr m 30 Jun 1830 to Nancy Christian, d/o Thomas
Christian & Louisa Harman Christian. Married by William McGuire in Tazewell
Co, VA.
Louisa Harman is d/o Mathias "Tice" "Tias" Harman, Sr. & Lydia Skaggs.
Moses David Reed, s/o John Wesley & Nancy Reed d 5 Jul 1854 at Mouth of
Crane, Tazewell Co, VA cause, scalded to death at age 3 mos 14 das.
Informant, John Wesley Reed, father.
Wesley Reed, s/o John K & Nancy Reed m 6 Jul 1856 to Mary Gibson, d/o
Daniel & Hannah Christian. Wesley was single, 19 yrs old. Mary was single,
17 yrs old, both b in Tazewell Co, VA. Married by John Christian in
Tazewell Co, VA. Question: Is Mary Gibson really d/o Daniel & Hannah
Christian, or adopted daugher?? Requires research.
Daniel Reed, s/o John W & Nancy Reed m 17 Jun 1858 to Winney Mullins, d/o
William H & Elizabeth Mullins. Daniel was single, 24, b in Tazewell Co, VA.
Winney was single, 24 yrs old, b in Pike Co, Ky. She resided in Logan Co,
VA. Married by Gabriel Riffe in Tazewell Co, VA.
Amanuel Reed, s/o John W Reed, Sr & Nancy Christian Reed m 17 Apr 1876 to
Robina Beavers, d/o Alexander & Rachel Barnett Beavers.
Jackson Reed, s/o John W Reed, Sr & Nancy Christian Reed m 9 Sep 1852 to
Charlotte Moron. Married by Thomas Mullins in Tazewell Co, VA.
Jesse Bane m 1 Aug 1853 to Nancy Reed. Married by Thomas Mullins in
Tazewell Co, VA.
Edward S Rose m 31 Mar 1847 to Nancy Reed. Married by John Sizemore in
Tazewell Co, VA.
(These two entries require further verification)
Source: 1850 Tazewell County, VA Federal Census, household #552
Catherine Reed, age 59 yrs (1791), b in VA
Thomas Reed, 20 yrs (1830)
Lyles Dolsbury, 90 yrs (176), father to Catherine, not known where born
Source:Harman, "Annals of Tazewell County, Virginia",, Vol II, p 283
"Liles Dolsbury will probated Oct 1850, Will Book 3, p 7. Devises his
property to his daughter, Catherine Reed; and to his grandchildren, James
Reed, Nancy W Reed, Thomas Reed, Catherine Cook, Hysam Hyden. Colonel
William Gillespie, Executor."
Lyles Dolsbury d 2 Aug 1850. He is listed in Tazewell Co, VA 1840 Federal
Census, p 70. Listed is one male, age 80 to 90 yrs old. He appears to be
living alone as no others are listed. The area appears to be in Thompson
Valley area, perhaps even Poor Valley.
This will end the Reed information.
Pearl City, Hawaii
This thread:
|"Skaggs & Hankins", Beginnings with Never Endings Msg 3-A by Lula Hunter <>


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Main organisational space for the National Breastfeeding Picnic, held in June in the UK. Breastfeeding Picnic has run for several years, and asks Parliament to bring in Fairness, Freedom and Equality for all hungry babies, in the UK. Babies in Scotland are protected from having their milk feed stopped or prevented, in public spaces. We need the same right for ALL hungry babies, not just those on Scottish soil!
June 18th & 19th, 2011
June 18th & 19th, 2011
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