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JOLIET, Ill. -- The swift exit of General Motors from bankruptcy protection was good news for NASCAR's industry leaders, who count on the automaker's financial support to fund their pricey race teams.
GM emerged Friday after only 40 days under court protection. The sport's heavyweights like Mark Martin, Tony Stewart, Jeff Gordon and Dale Earnhardt Jr. all drive Chevrolets. It's also NASCAR's most successful manufacturer, with 32 championships in the Sprint Cup series.
Hendrick Motorsports standout Jimmie Johnson has won the last three Cup championships in Chevrolets, and team owner Rick Hendrick has long expressed his support of GM, even as the automaker sunk into bankruptcy. Hendrick vice president of development Doug Duchardt said Friday that Hendrick Motorsports never wavered in its support.
"We've raced Chevys for 25 years," Duchardt said at Chicagoland Speedway. "This is just one situation. We've worked through it and we'll move on down the road."
Stewart's anniversary
Tony Stewart's ownership gamble paid off.
Stewart arrived at Chicagoland last year to announce why he was bolting Joe Gibbs Racing to join Haas-CNC as an owner-driver. One year later, it's hardly seemed like such a big risk -- he has two points victories and leads the Sprint Cup standings.
He signed Ryan Newman to the renamed Stewart-Haas Racing team, and he sits in seventh place in points. Both drivers are near locks to make the 12-car Chase for the championship field.
"It would be a staggering accomplishment for either of us," Newman said.
"Part of our goal was for both cars to be in the Chase."
Stewart said he couldn't have envisioned all this success a year ago.
"I was about half scared to death," Stewart said. "I had made a decision at this point that was definitely a life-changing decision and a career-path decision for sure. We thought we had an idea of what it was going to be like and it hasn't disappointed us, but its been smoother than I thought it was going to be."
Stewart credited crew chief Darian Grubb and the rest of the No. 14 team for results as strong as they were when he was winning two Cup championships with JGR. His organization has also been boosted by an affiliation with powerful Hendrick Motorsports.
Instead of worrying about assembling a team, Stewart is focused on winning another title.
"I don't think there's any other team, if they were leading the points, wouldn't feel like they have a shot at it at this point," he said. "I feel like we have just as good of a shot as anybody else that's out there right now."
MONTOYA, TOO: There must be something about Chicagoland Speedway and big announcements.
Juan Pablo Montoya was introduced three years ago here by team owner Chip Ganassi. Montoya left a lucrative Formula One career to make the transition to Cup racing, and finally seems to be hitting his stride with Earnhardt-Ganassi Racing, entering Saturday night's race 11th in the points standings. The Colombian has never made the Chase for the championship.
"We're getting more competitive, and right now where we are in points is all about surviving and bringing the car home every week and see what happens," Montoya said.
EGR took a blow this week when Martin Truex Jr. decided to bolt the team at the end of his contract and drive next season with the upgraded Michael Waltrip Racing.
Montoya said he was too focused on himself to worry about where Truex would end up.
"If he wanted to go and he thinks he has got more stability at Waltrip's, you know, good for him," he said. "Hopefully he runs better there than he is here."
PIT STOPS: Matt Kenseth and his wife, Katie, celebrated the birth of their daughter on Monday. They named her Kaylin Nicola Kenseth. "You get very little sleep the first couple of days, but it's been really good," he said. ... The former Jeff Gordon Racing School has been rebranded as the NASCAR Racing Experience. The agreement brings an authentic racing experience to NASCAR fans, its sponsors and business partners at tracks across the country. ... Gordon wants another shot at singing "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" after butchering the lyrics during a previous appearance at Wrigley Field (or as he called it, "Wrigley Stadium"). "We want to clear our name around the Chicago area, so I'd like to come here and do a nice sweep of the race and maybe one day get the opportunity to go back and do the seventh-inning stretch song," he said. "I've become a bigger baseball fan because of that."
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National Author, Fitness Guru to Speak About Health
Chris Johnson, a nationally recognized speaker and author, will present "On Target Living, " a two-hour seminar at Genesys Athletic Club (GAC) on Wednesday, November 16, from 6:30 p.m. until 8:30 p.m.
Johnson will talk about how to improve and maintain good health, how to feel good and have plenty of energy throughout the day, how to eat better and how to control weight.
An exercise physiologist and nutritional guru, Johnson tours the country with one goal in mind: to improve the health of Americans – one person at a time.
"Most people want great health and more energy," he finds. "They want to look good, feel great and be happy. Everyone can accomplish this through "On Target Living,"" he explains.
Cost of the seminar at Genesys Athletic Club (in the Genesys Conference and Banquet Center) is $35 for Genesys Athletic Club members and $40 for non-members. To sign up, call the club at 810-606-7300.

subset: commoncrawl


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Healthy No Bake Energy Bites
This amazing weather doesn't deter my daughter from wanting snacks, but it does leave me wanting to be no where near the oven right now. That's why I am going to try these no bake snacks - that and the fact that she can help me roll them into balls. Yummy!
TOPICS: Parenting Tips


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WILMINGTON, NC (WWAY) — Police are still investigating a Saturday shooting that sent a man to the hospital with multiple gunshot wounds.
Investigators say Bruce Lloyd, 36, was shot just before 3 p.m. Saturday near the 1300 block of Greenfield Street. Dispatchers say several calls came in reporting multiple shots fired there.
Wilmington Police say when officers got to the scene they found Lloyd, who had moved himself to a nearby porch, with a gunshot wound to the left waistline and another to the right buttocks. Officers say they also discovered a few shell casings near the scene, along with a bullet that went straight through a car onto to street.
Lloyd was transported to New Hanover Regional Medical Center with what police say were non-life-threatening injuries. WPD says Lloyd did not give officers much information, first giving them two different names for himself.
Police do have one witness who believes the victim got into an argument with one other person, which may have escalated into gunshots. Wilmington Police are asking for witnesses to come forward as they continue to investigate.


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Moving Day
August 22, 2011
Moving Day! Ah, the dreaded words! Moving…can be Good…can be Exciting. But, it is always EXHAUSTING!
I just did my first move, or at least part of it. Last weekend, we moved my fiancé into our first apartment. Our wedding is next month, so he moved in early in order to get established. We moved in some of my things too, but the rest will wait until after the wedding.
But, there is one stress that I did not have to worry about during the move. Library books! I left all my library books in my room at my parent's house. Not everyone is so lucky. Library books can easily get lost in the mix of moving, which leaves you with two options:
- Take them ALL back before moving day.
- Pack them and HOPE you find which boxes they are in before they are overdue.
That's about all you can do, right? Wrong.
Here at the library, we can suspend your holds. So a couple weeks before the big move, just go to your account and change all your holds to "Suspend." When you do this, you will never lose your place in line. For example, if you are 8th on the list for a book, you will keep moving on down to first. Then, when you decide you want it, just Activate the hold, and you will get the next copy available.
And really, if you have some items you aren't finished with, I know a trick that helps. Take them back (so they don't get lost), and just ask the librarians to place a hold on those items for you. Ask them to suspend them until after your move. You can pick how long you want to suspend them, OR just leave it blank and Activate them whenever you want.
This is easy. It really is. Below are the instructions to suspend your holds. But don't hesitate to just stop by, and your librarian will be glad to show you how.
To Suspend Holds:
- Go to mymcpl.org
- Click "Catalog"
- Log-in using your Library Card number and your ten-digit birthday
- Click "My Account"
- Click "Holds"
- Select the items you want to Suspend
- Scroll down
- Click "Suspend Selected"
Rachael B.
Camden Point Branch


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If you've got a college sports fan on your Christmas list, you may want to head over to FinishLine to score a GREAT deal on collegiate wear – you can grab 2 Men's or Women's Fleece College Hoodies for $35. That's just $17.50 each (reg. $40 each!) AND you can get FREE shipping applied automatically! I ordered these for Hubs and I last year (yes, I bought myself one) and we love them.
Note: I added a third item to my cart, and it tried to charge me for shipping, so the FREE shipping only seems to apply to the $2/35 items. Also, like many people have noted, the hoodies seem to run small.
Check out more retail deals HERE


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Bike Forum
Is this guy serious?
Easy gear to back peddle....comedy gold
Maybe it'll be one of those things that he looks back at and goes d'oh!
Christ its not been that dry on the Clywd's for a long time!
Sexist using alady who doesnt/hasnt cleaned her bike.
No PPE in use,
noisy rear block,
other brands of bike cleaner are available,
nice bike stand though,
Is this guy serious?
Well the only person to comment on the vid is "fairhurst" well known troll who produced this
i see
now looked at other videos of cambell it is serious alright..
That guy from Campbell always seems so ridiculously ernest about everything.
Specialist bike cleaning product = solution to a non-existent problem
"They're designed to do the job"
The job being getting rid of dirt. In contrast to every other cleaning product in the world.
More often than not, washing bikes does more harm than good.
From Joe's corner, SCB:
Q: I'm lazy and lack motivation, what can I do to prolong bearing life?
A: Stop washing your bike so much.
We did some experiments with bikes that were washed a lot but ridden infrequently, bikes that were ridden a lot but washed infrequently, and bikes that were both washed and ridden a lot.
Guess what? Your bike hates only being washed and not being ridden.
This test group had the worst results. They became creaky and not much fun to be around, much like the people who own bikes like that. Don't get all angry (you know who you are), you can still wash your bike from time to time - and there are those times where it has to be done after every ride. Everything needs more attention during those times. BUT, maybe you should examine your priorities. It's a mountain bike. You can get dirt on it. It's OK.
Am I too late to patent this?
1. Wash bike off with low pessure hose to remove mud & grit. DONT rub into frame. Let the water rinse it off..
2. When mud / grit free wash with bucket of water with some car shampoo in it (kinder to paintwork than fairy liquid).
3. Hose off to rinse & bounce bike to get rid of excess water.
4. Dry bike with microfibre cloths (car detailing practice).
5. Spray mechanical parts (mechs & pedals etc) with Gt85 to displace water.
6. re-lube chain & fork stanchions when dry....
Job done ride clean bike...
And yes very Sexist!
That was painful.
Topic Closed
This topic has been closed to new replies.


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The Tennessee State Library and Archives will be hosting a pair of workshops to give students and teachers pointers on how to find and use the research materials available at the State Library and Archives. These workshops will focus on assisting students with research on their selected topics for the National History Day competitions that will be held in Tennessee in 2011.
National History Day is a series of competitions in which middle and high school students prepare exhibits, research papers, web sites, documentary films and live performances on various historical topics. Students whose projects are judged the best at local, regional and statewide competitions are eligible to compete with other students from across the country in the national finals. The theme for the 2011 competition is "Debate and Diplomacy in History: Successes, Failures, Consequences."
The first workshop is designed for home school students and will be held Nov. 3 at the State Library and Archives auditorium in downtown Nashville. The workshop is scheduled for 10 a.m. until noon, with additional time afterward for students and teachers to conduct research at the library if they are interested.
The second workshop is designed for students and teachers from traditional classrooms and will be held Dec. 4 from 10 a.m. until noon, also at the State Library and Archives auditorium. As with the Nov. 3 event, there will be time to conduct research after the workshop is over.
The State Library and Archives building is located at 403 Seventh Avenue North, across the street from the State Capitol. A limited amount of parking is available in front, on the side and behind the building.
The workshops are being offered free of charge on a first-come, first-served basis. To reserve a spot at either workshop, contact the State Library and Archives education outreach team at (615) 253-3469.
To learn more about National History Day in Tennessee, please visit: www.tennesseehistoryday.org
"I hope many students and teachers will use the resources available to them through the State Library and Archives and our excellent staff," Secretary of State Tre Hargett said. "History Day is a wonderful opportunity for students to develop their research skills outside of the regular classroom setting. People who develop an appreciation for history at a young age are more likely to be well-informed and active participants in society when they reach adulthood."


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HUDDERSFIELD, England, May 8 (UPI) -- DNA analysis has provided new insights into how human beings repopulated Europe as the Ice Age relaxed its grip and retreated, researchers say.
Writing in the American Journal of Human Genetics, scientists said research shows the Near East was a major source of replenishment when huge areas of European territory became habitable again about 19,000 years ago.
Previously, it had been thought humans survived in two areas when the Ice Age, or Last Glacial Maximum, descended on Europe about 26,000 years ago: an area roughly coinciding with northern Spain/southern France, and a region of the Ukrainian plains.
In a study, researchers at the University of Huddersfield in Britain analyzed mitochondrial DNA from Europeans who belong to two major lineages known to have originated in the Middle East and thought to have migrated to Europe in the Neolithic age, about 9,000 years ago.
But the analysis showed humans belonging to those genetic groups actually migrated to Europe much earlier than previously believed, as the Ice Age drew to a close.
"The end of the Last Glacial Maximum allowed people to recolonize the parts of Europe that had been deserted and this expansion allowed increase of human populations," archaeo-genetics research Maria Pala said.
Archaeo-genetics -- which combines archaeology with genetics to learn about the early history of humans and how they colonized the planet -- has important lessons to teach humanity, she said.
"It helps us to reevaluate the perception of our identity," she said. "We are highly focused on identifying ourselves as Italians, British or whatever, but by analyzing DNA we discover that originally, not such a long time ago, we came from a common source."


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Today's Digital Daily
The 58-year-old actress is midway through a two-month D.C. run starring in "Red Hot Patriot: The Kick-Ass Wit of Molly Ivins.''
Catherine Deneuve was among guests at a party to celebrate the bag designer's new Paris store on Rue Saint Honoré.
Wearing a gray coat by Reiss, the Duchess met members of England's national soccer team.
His biggest critic — activist investor William Ackman — didn't attend the company's annual shareholders meeting.
Moving a step closer to becoming a pure player in apparel and accessories, the French group plans to float the books, music and home electronics chain in 2013.
Unit will be housed in 3,000 square feet inside Westfield's Metreon complex in San Francisco just below the fifth CityTarget in the U.S.
The company has closed its Denizen brand in Asia and is licensing the Levi's boys' wear program in the Americas.
Presidential election likely to result in later shopping.
The retailer rolled out its 2012 Christmas Book with a teaser for its holiday designer collaboration with Target.
Each of the 21 styles comes in three colorways mimicking fabric themes the designer incorporated into her spring collection.
The New York-based firm is expanding its core retail and advisory services as part of its growth initiatives.
On Friday, the retailer will open its New York flagship on Fifth Avenue and will launch a dedicated U.S. Web site.
The "Hunger Games" actress is expected to appear in her first campaign for the Dior handbag this coming spring.
The Chinese social network was in an uproar over comments that a future boutique Zadig & Voltaire hotel in Paris would not welcome Chinese tourists.
The country's retail sales experienced double-digit growth during the recent public holiday.
The designer behind virtually all of Ann Romney's wares since she took to the public stage chats about fashion on the campaign trail.
For spring, many designers sent out origami folds, layers of satin, plays on the kimono and lots of dragon and floral motifs.
Nearly three-quarters of the luxury-brand marketing executives questioned expect to amp up social media further next year.
The fashion features director at Harper's Bazaar is leaving to take the post of vice president, global corporate communications.
The China Issue, which has 144 pages of advertising, boosted the magazine's revenues by 104 percent.
Come November, the executive will exit Ralph Lauren Corp. after 14 years.
The designer won't be taking a bow after the show in New York on Friday due to a scheduling conflict.
The designer will today receive the Lifetime Achievement Award from the regional subsidiary of Fashion Group International.
The retailer made the announcement on Tuesday and solicited information from anyone with knowledge about available spaces.


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November 20, 2017
The environmental research center for scientists, students, and families interested in the natural world.
SIGN UP FOR POWDERMILL eNEWS
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Carnegie Museum of Natural History is building a new website! Look for it in 2017.
Amazing New Ground Beetle from Mexico Discovered
Based on structural and ecological features of adults and larvae, an extraordinary carabid beetle from the Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero, Mexico, was described as a new monobasic genus and species by Carnegie Museum of Natural History coleopterist Bob Davidson and Research Associate George Ball (Edmonton, Alberta). The remarkable new genus is placed in the tribe Broscini, subtribe Broscina, and Bob and George have written a key that distinguishes it from the other New World genera of Broscini.
The new species is Rawlinsius papillatus, the generic name in honor of John Rawlins, Carnegie entomologist and collector of the first known specimen of this unusual beetle.
Separated widely both morphologically and geographically from other New World Broscina, the new taxon is postulated to be relictual, with its present isolation indicating past connections to a broscine lineage more broadly distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. The new species evinces some character states that are quite unusual within Carabidae, and its habitat requirements are extraordinary for this family of beetles. It lives under thin sheets of running water of mountain streams, foraging both above and below the water, and spending at least some, perhaps all, of its time on vertical rock faces. It has lost nearly all the normal fixed setae typical of carabid beetles on the dorsal surface and legs, presumably because of its torrential habitat.
In the paper in Annals of Carnegie Museum, 67(4):349-378 (1998), other unusual insects unique to this region of Mexico, and the importance of habitat conservation there is also discussed.
Return to Bob Davidson's research page
Our eNews features information on exhibitions, upcoming events, and subscriber-only special offers!
Carnegie Museum of Natural History
4400 Forbes Avenue
Pittsburgh, PA 15213


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Resilient City: The Economic Impact of 9/11
(Russell Sage, 2005; 352 pp.)
Economic experts examine the City's economic recovery since 9/11. They provide authoritative assessments showing that New York's dynamic, flexible economy has absorbed the hardships inflicted by the attacks. Among the findings are that the value of New York-based companies did not fall relative to other firms, and that the decline in earnings and employment for low-income New York workers in 2002 was due more to the recession than to the effects of 9/11. Still, troubles remain: the attack cost the city about $3 billion in the first two years alone, a sum that the City must make up through large tax increases, spending cuts, and substantial additional borrowing, which will inevitably be a burden on future budgets. Howard Chernick is a professor of economics at Hunter College and The Graduate Center.
Purchase this book
Submitted on: AUG 30, 2005
Category: Economics


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Face hunter: Our style scout in Reykjavik, Iceland
Yvan Rodic: "Between the financial crisis and the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, the locals are convinced their country must be cheap for visitors. But while it is not insanely pricey anymore, it is still more expensive than London or Paris. For the record, the only volcanic ash I saw in two weeks was sold in bottles to tourists in supermarkets"


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Editorial: Bridge delay almost comical
The St. Croix River Crossing Project, known to most people as the new Stillwater (Minn.) Bridge, continues to plod along, but recent developments make the situation downright ridiculous. The most recent circumstances found a truck rumbling down the bridge and damaging 11 overhead cross sections.
The bridge situation would be comical if the whole situation wasn't impacting thousands of people every day. With the lift bridge going up and down for boat traffic, an old two-lane highway getting more use every year, and truck traffic being limited, things are getting out of hand.
Police spent way too much time going to and from the bridge to get trucks turned around. Apparently, not every trucker in the universe knew the bridge was closed to truck traffic. By the time they realized they had gone too far down the road, they needed police help to get turned around.
The bridge has now been scheduled for closure for repairs; meanwhile, the Sierra Club continues to look for ways to stop the progress of building a new bridge. When is enough enough? The Sierra Club has already cost taxpayers millions and millions of dollars (probably hundreds of millions) by delaying this project. We think it's time for the Sierra Club to fight a different battle, and it's time to build a new Stillwater Bridge.
There is some good news on the horizon.
The Minnesota Department of Transportation recently made the Stillwater Bridge a Tier One funding priority. Minnesota took steps to move up the planned construction of the new Stillwater Bridge from 2014 to 2013. As part of this commitment, Minnesota has approved the use of funds to cover its obligation for this construction project.
Meanwhile, a bipartisan group of Western Wisconsin legislators urged Wisconsin to follow suit.
The St. Croix Bridge Alliance and State Sen. Sheila Harsdorf, R-River Falls, and State Reps. Kitty Rhoades, R-Hudson, John Murtha, R-Baldwin, and Ann Hraychuck, D-Balsam Lake, have all urged the Wisconsin Department of Transportation to make the necessary planning and funding decisions in anticipation of a 2013 construction start date.
We applaud the legislators of both parties willing to join the battle to try to get this project on the move.
As Rhoades said, the existing bridge is antiquated, outdated and potentially dangerous.
Harsdorf summed up the sentiments of most: "The need for a new bridge is ever apparent, given the problems we see now--we simply cannot afford to wait."
It is difficult to maintain interest and excitement in many bureaucratic projects, but the Stillwater Bridge probably will set some sort of record for the amount of time, frustration and expenses involved in studies and planning. Yet, it is important that citizens remain focused and involved in this project. The vast majority of people recognize the need for a new bridge, but it is just this type of lengthy process that sometimes creates windows of opportunity for a vocal minority.
The process can be frustrating at times, but we are confident that enough people will stay active in the planning and that a new Stillwater Bridge will someday be built. Let's keep this project moving forward!


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enigma nightclub download free axEb full file
== Search results for enigma nightclub ==
Searched file: enigma nightclub
*Filename: enigma nightclub.zip
*Year: 2015
*Total Downloads: 153451
*Uploaded: 02/26/2015 19:32:13
*Type: WinZip
*Supported OS: All
== Searches related to enigma nightclub: ==
02/26/2015 19:32:13
Swing é no Enigma Club - Muito mais que uma simples balada... A melhor de todas as casas de swing ! (11) 5533.1100 2013 EnigmaClub® - Todos os direitos reservados.5/31/2011 · http://pawlosjukeboxchillout.blogspot.com ENIGMA 2014 chillout lounge mixed by PAWLOS JUKEBOX - enigma red lounge https://www.youtube.com…We Have Been Featured In The Following Publications. © 2014 Enigma Associazione AN. Tutti i diritti riservati. Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPresswitamy w Polskiej Dyskotece Enigma..... najwieksza polska dyskoteka w regionie Hessen! Nasza specjalnosc to Polski Dance, Charts & House Music!4/23/2012 · http://pawlosjukeboxchillout.blogspot.com ENIGMA 2015 chillout lounge part 2 mixed by PAWLOS JUKEBOX to listen all enigma mixes click links below: - enigma ...Enigma is a 2001 film directed by Michael Apted from a screenplay by Tom Stoppard. The script was adapted from the novel Enigma by Robert Harris, about the Enigma ...Tutto sulla musica di Michael Cretu, Sandra, Enigma.An Enigma machine was any of several electro-mechanical rotor cipher machines used in the twentieth century for enciphering and deciphering secret messages. Enigma ..."Seven Lives Many Faces" - la recensione dei webmasters! I 4 webmasters di Enigma-Fanclub.com, EnigmaMusic.com e EnigmaMusica.com si sono incontrati per la prima ...Tonight at Enigma Ultra Lounge: TUESDAY NIGHT SWING! MaY 25TH 2010 DJ Alan White plays a great danceable mix of music for 6-count and 8-count dancing, including …
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text:
Promise rings are a beautiful reminder of a pledge. Whether your promise is to be true, to look forward to a future together, or to remain chaste, promise rings help you keep your word. Gemvara promise rings are made to order just for you in your choice of gems and precious metals to perfectly symbolize your pledge. Our wide selection of rose gold two stone stackable promise rings means you can find a style that's perfect for you. Styles with two gemstones are particularly popular because they can represent two people in love, two children, two parents, or two siblings. Stylish and versatile, Gemvara's stackable ring styles can be mixed and matched with all the other rings in your jewelry box to express your unique style. Our promise rings are crafted in the finest materials. The most popular rose gold alloy, 14-karat rose gold is 58.5% pure gold with copper added for color. Its rosy glow flatters skin tones.
With a little care, promise rings will wear beautifully. Clean rose gold two stone stackable promise rings in a bowl of water with a little mild dish soap. You can use a soft brush where dust collects. Gemvara's fine quality rose gold two stone stackable promise rings are designed to be passed down for generations, hand-made by skilled craftspeople in the United States.
We can help right away. Chat with a jewelry expert now!


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Believe it or not, American Idol is about to get started with season 13 of the show this fall, and maybe it will be lucky 13 for them now that they have a brand new judging panel finally in place!
Last season's new judge Keith Urban is set to return next season, along with another former Idol judge – Jennifer Lopez! After a two-year hiatus from the show, J-Lo is returning to the show to lend her music expertise to the contestants.
The newest judge to join the show is a well-known music producer Dr. Luke (real name Lukasz Gottwald), according to E! News. Dr. Luke has produced dozens of pop hits including Katy Perry's "I Kissed A Girl" and Idol winner Kelly Clarkson's "Since U Been Gone."
The new season of American Idol kicks off January 15, 2014. Listen to the full Entertainment Report below to find out which stars reportedly turned down the judging gig!


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The push for the playoffs is on, and the teams at the top of our rankings are starting to solidify their positions. After the top six or seven teams, though, it's still anybody's game. Who will hang on and make it to the postseason? And will Tim Tebow and the Broncos be there? We'll see. Here are the top 10 NFL teams going into Week 14.
Despite a road blunder last week against Arizona, the Cowboys still lead the NFC East. But the first of two titanic matchups against the rival Giants comes this week in Big D. The winner gets the inside track in the division.
The Titans have won three of their last four to muscle back into a crowded AFC playoff race. The road isn't easy, starting with a battle against the Saints this week, but they could still overtake the Texans for the AFC South title.
Yes, Tim Tebow and the comeback Broncos are in the top 10 for the first time all season. It hasn't been pretty, but winning six out of the last seven games is nothing to sneer at. The AFC West is Denver's for the taking.
Will rookie quarterback T.J. Yates remain the starter? With the way this team runs the football, it might not matter. But the Texans can't let up -- Tennessee is lurking.
They've had some ups and downs this year, but Tom Brady and the Patriots are in the mix for an AFC title yet again. With an easy schedule ahead, they're still very much alive in the race for the top seed.
The Steelers demolished AFC North foe Cincinnati to keep pace with the Ravens. Those two losses to Baltimore are looking more and more costly, however. The price might be home field advantage in the AFC.
The Saints are the one team that can catch the Niners for that first-round playoff bye. If their offense continues to score in bunches, they just might do it.
The Niners clinched their first division championship since 2002 on Sunday with a win over the Rams. They still face the Steelers in Week 15, but a first-round bye is looking good for Alex Smith and the boys from the Bay.
An excellent ground attack put Cleveland away last week. If Baltimore continues to run the ball like that (and if its defense stays strong), they'll be a very tough out come January.
The defending champs needed a last-second field goal to clinch a win over the Giants and stay undefeated. They'll take on the battered Raiders at Lambeau this week to try and make it 13-0.


text: Is anybody using index skip scan feature? What would be a situation in which the feature should be used? I have a SQL statement, part of ETL process that I have to tune. The initial reuslts are encouraging although not dramatic. Does anybody else have any type of practical experience with skip scans and index_ss hint? -- Mladen Gogala Oracle DBA Ext. 121 -- http://www.freelists.org/webpage/oracle-l


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Washington DNR burn ban adjusted
UPDATE: As of Friday, Aug. 15 thanks to rain and wet weather in Western Washington, the DNR burn ban has been adjusted.
"Recreational campfires will be permitted in established fire rings in official campgrounds on DNR-protected lands west of the Cascade crest," said the agency in a press release.
The Washington Department of Natural Resources has expanded the statewide burn ban to include all outdoor burning on all DNR-protected lands.
As of Monday, Aug. 11, the agency said because of increased fire danger and continuing hot weather, the risk for fires was too great.
"All indicators are that we'll continue to have high heat, low humidity, and storm systems with winds and lightning. That means huge potential for wildfires," said Commissioner of Public Lands Peter Goldmark in a press release. "We need to do everything we can to minimize danger to people, homes and habitat."
The ban includes all recreational fires in campgrounds, including charcoal briquettes.
Anyone who knowingly places forestland in danger or who negligently allows a fire to spread are subject to possible civil liabilities and criminal penalties.
The burn ban will run through Sept. 30.
To learn more, visit the state DNR website.


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text:
Bulldoze the Jewish Terrorists' Homes
The tragedy of the innocent boys murdered by terrorists will haunt us for a long time, but it will not destroy us. Jewish revenge killings will.
There is only one sane and truly halakhic way to tackle our current situation: Take the well-known members of the Orthodox Price Tag gang and lock 'em...
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text:
Decision makers
- 1,000,000 People For Better Lives for All Persons With Autism!US President, US Senate, US House of Representatives
1,000,000 People for Better Lives for All Autistic Persons!
I'm a mother of a daughter, diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder and I'm diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder myself. I am passionate to see funds be released to provide more services of different kinds for adults with autism as well as to see covered services for all families of children with autism, including low-income families and minority families. Currently, the diagnostic and support services that do exist are for those 21 and under, and those are available usually to families able to pay or who have quality, private insurance. Sometimes states may provide limited coverage for these families. As for adults with autism, virtually no diagnostic or support services that families can access or afford. In my state, adults like myself who yearn for an autism evaluation must wait a year in advance if we must depend on insurance; if you are 21 or over, support services are almost nonexistent. In a nutshell, this petition calls for a comprehensive package of covered services for all persons with autism in the US.
Goal of Petition: The goal is to obtain funding for mostly support services but also for research, for persons of all ages, races, incomes and walks of life who have suspected or diagnosed Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs). Currently, most autism services are available only to autistic persons under age 21 whose families are able to pay for these services. Services for autistic adults are very limited or available only in certain areas in the US. Because of this, far too many people of all ages even in this age of awareness, continue to "fall between the cracks." This petition calls for comprehensive coverage for all autistic persons.
Currently, there are $931 million available for autism funding; this includes $693 million in the Combating Autism Re-Authorization Act (CARA), signed into law by President Obama in September 20, 2011 but never appropriated (http://www.autismspeaks.org/advocacy/federal). This also includes $238 million in autism projects that expired at the end of September 2012 (http://autismspeaks.org/advocacy/advocacy-news/19-million-risk-new-autism-research, Sept. 19, 2012). What is needed is for these funds to be re-newed, appropriated and then re-allocated to include adults with autism.
Thank you for considering this petition. If you wish to find out more feel free to look at my letter to the US President and the US Congress below. Your support means very much to every person who is touched by autism!
- US President, US Senate, US House of Representatives
1,000,000 People For Better Lives for All Persons With Autism!
- U.S. House of Representatives
- U.S. Senate
I just signed the following petition addressed to: The U.S. Senate, The U.S. House of Representatives, President Obama.
Release Funds for Services for All Persons With Autism to each of the 50 states. Goal: Allotment of funds to all 50 states for a variety of affordable diagnostic, research and practical support services that, in large part, do not yet exist for adults and shall be oulined a little later in this letter. We also seek funding of the 2011 Combating Autism Re-Authorization Act (CARA)
and re-allocating its proposed research funds to services for children of low-income or minority families. Such re-allocation can be done by sending these funds to each of the 50 states so these states can offer funds to existing services for children with suspected or diagnosed autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Such funding to already existing services will expand autism services and make them more affordable and accessible to so many children of low-income or minority families who currently cannot afford or access these services.
Currently, a total of $931 million have been allocated to autism. $693 million, not yet appropriated, have been allocated to the Combating Autism Re-Authorization Act, which was signed into law by President Obama in September 20, 2011 (http://www.autismspeaks.org/advocacy/federal). And $238 million have been allocated to autism projects but expired in September 2012 (http://www.autismspeaks.org/advocacy/advocacy-news/19-million-risk-new-autism-research). We ask that these CARA be fully funded for all children with autism and that funds set aside in 2012 and which have expired, be renewed and reallocated for services for adults with autism. As we believe that more $$$ be spent on helping persons with autism and less be spent on research, we ask that you consider taking $$$ out of CARA that are set aside for research and reallocate these for badly needed services for children with suspected or diagnosed ASDs who are from low-income or minority families.
I'm a mother of a daughter diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder and a person myself, with what I am convinced is an undiagnosed autism spectrum disorder who is still in search of answers for my life. I am passionate to see funds be released to provide more services of different kinds for ALL persons with autism, whatever their income, race, age or walk of life. I also call for funds for services for all families of children with autism, including low-income families and minority families. When many of us think of autism, the first picture that comes to mind tends to be of a child. There are many, growing funds for a wide variety of autism services for children and teenagers. Enthusiasm is high for early childhood intervention. During the school years, children and teenagers are entitled to a wide variety of special education services, if they are fortunate. This entitlement ends when they reach the age of majority. After the age of 18, adults with autism and the families who care for them, are pretty much on their own with limited direction, support or resources. Autism, whether we speak of classic, more severe autism or the higher-functioning forms of autism, is a lifelong developmental disability. Even when children are fortunate enough to get early childhood intervention and make strong progress because of it, they do not "outgrow" autism and likely continue to need support services.
First of all, many services for persons under age 21 already exist in all 50 states but most of them are unaffordable and inaccessible to many children from low-income or minority families who lack cash or quality insurance. While research has a role in dealing with autism, services are far more important. Therefore, many research funds from the 2011 CARA need to be appropriated and then reallocated to services for low-income or minority children, which can be done by sending these funds to all 50 states so these states can fund already existing services for individuals under age 21.
For the sake of many autistic children who have or who will "age out" of services they are entitled to, we are requesting that you release funds to each of the 50 states so that many more services will become available to adults with autism, whatever level of their function. According to Lisa Jo Rudy of the About.com (for Autism) website, in the 10 years between 1993 and 2003, there was an 800% increase in the number of US schoolchildren who were diagnosed with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (May 12, 2009). Between this and the fact that man older adults, including myself, are seeking or are being diagnosed later in life with Autism Spectrum Disorders, this population is just increasing. And adults with autism need and we request that funds be sent to all 50 states for:
1) Job-training that is geared to adults with autism. Fully 70 percent (and is estimated to be a whopping 90 percent!) of adults with autism are either not employed or work in jobs that do not use their strengths or talents. This unemployment rate is worse than for any other disability group! Job-training does exist but is not geared to the unique challenges of autism. Autistic adults often lack social skills and independent living skills that are essential to getting and keeping jobs. Many can and should be supported and empowered to work and contribute to society so they need not have to use govenment programs, as many do now. And this is what most of them want!
2) Business loans. Many adults, with or without support, can start their own small businesses; this would empower many adults who would rather work for themselves than others. Such loans are said to be available to those who use government programs like Social Security Disability, but many autistic adults do not qualify for government assistance because they are undiagnosed and have no other documented disabling conditions.
3). More training for psychiatrists, psychologists, neurologists, and others who may diagnose autism spectrum disorders in children and teens but who are untrained to evaluate adults for autism. There are growing numbers of adults, like myself, who grew up with clusters of developmental issues that could not be treated as autism spectrum disorders because the diagnosis did not exist. Professionals in the mental health and related fields, who are qualified to evaluate and treat children and teens, need to receive training to diagnose and treat adults of all ages. This could change the lives of many like myself, who had to grow up feeling robbed of childhoods and proper educations and, worst of all, have been made to feel like "freaks of nature" because our differences never were identified and this can give us the priceless gift of peace, a community of diagnosed persons where we will know the priceless sense of identity and belonging, and possibly open doors for future services.
4) More research which would include adults, especially when exploring the genetics of autism; such research could bring us closer to uncovering what causes autism. Such research can lead to an official diagnosis for some adults or to other positive outcomes.
5) Respite care for caregivers who live with adults with autism. There was a heartbreaking instance of a mother who had killed her adult son with autism. Caregivers whose adult autistic children can't live on their own may be tempted to "snap" and harm, even kill, the autistic person whom they are caring for. Respite care can prevent such tragedies!
6). Home help program that pays personal caregivers who assist certain autistic adults to live idependently in their homes and to assist with life skills like personal care, shopping, medications, doctor's appointments, grooming, eating, feeding, laundry, and toileting.
7) Funds for existing, isolated, services for adults with autism, which are commendable and which normally also serve other adult disability groups. One example of this is the Minnesota State University which serves students with a variety of disabilities and includes services for students with autism; their website is at: http://www.mnsu.edu/dso/faculty/students/asperger.html. Another example is Opportunity Enterprises, a nonprofit which serves people of all ages with developmental disabilities, including autism. Their website can be found at: http://www.oppent.org. I am sure that there are other such services, both at the state level and among nonprofits.
8). Name a federal "autism czar" who will oversee all autism efforts at the federal, state and local efforts and to ensure implementation of exiting and new autism efforts. This would include new services for adults with autism.
9). Impose strict limitations on the use of restraints or seclusion rooms in public schools to prevent abuse and to protect children with autism or other special needs.
10). Provide funds for universal and ongoing nonviolent crisis intervention training (NVCI) training for all employees of public schools, whether employed through public or private companies. THis would benefit all students as well as those with autism.
We're aware that the budget is tight. But we know that autistic adults, when you also include those of us with suspected/undiagnosed autism spectrum disorders, are a large population. And more and more children will keep "aging out of" services. Services for children with autism need to be expanded to cover those whose families are unable to pay for autism services, whether by insurance or by cash. Many children continue to "fall between the cracks" because of insufficient insurance for autism. As for adults, very little exists for them. What will happen to them? Most of them will likely experience some degree of failure and unhappiness unless the US government steps in and helps with this population. You will need to decide how to allocate funds for thse purposes and all this will cost more in the beginning. But, in the long run, many dollars can be saved through many more people being put on the tax rolls, people not having to use so many mental health services, and people making contributions to society. All this will help create a more welcoming world for the autism community.
This is a tall order. But these issues confronting families and individuals in the autism community are not going away. Something needs to be done to avert social problems like dependency on government programs, homelessness, and even crime due to undiagnosed/untreated autism in adults or because of lack of services for the many who are already diagnosed. Such support, diagnostic and research services will open up many more jobs, from entry-level to professional. This should stimulate the economy.
We thank you and we commend you for all that is currently being done for children with autism and for most disability groups, of all ages, through your funding and your laws. We only ask that autistic adults be included.
Thank you for considering this serious matter that impacts all of us. Implementing thse measures will cost us all something but, in the end, will richly reward us all through many more contributing to our society, who will benefit from becoming a more welcoming society.
Lisa DeSherlia started this petition with a single signature, and now has 2,119 supporters. Start a petition today to change something you care about.
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There were no sights, smells, noises or warnings before Nicole Williamson felt the airframe of Flight 6560 breaking apart around her. "I'm convinced it came apart exactly where I was sitting," she said.
Of 15 passengers, Ms. Williamson is one of only three survivors of the Aug. 20 crash of a First Air 737 outside Resolute Bay, Nunavut. In an interview that aired Monday night on CBC, she spoke publicly for the first time about the crash, recounting how she led the plane's two other survivors away from the smouldering wreckage.
Ms. Williamson, a 23-year-old master's student in geology at Carleton University, had just finished a summer working for the Canadian Geological Survey on Victoria Island. Walking along remote tundra and encountering century-old Inuit structures, she was enchanted almost immediately. "You're essentially an explorer, a modern-day explorer," she said. When the survey ended, she decided to extend her time in the North with a one-month contract with Aurora Geosciences to explore Axel Heiberg Island, at the top of the Arctic archipelago.
On Aug. 20, in the Yellowknife airport she encountered the 11 other passengers also headed for Resolute that day. Her Aurora Geosciences co-worker, Robin Wyllie, introduced her to Martin Bergmann, the charismatic head of the Polar Continental Shelf Program. Ms. Williamson listened with fascination as the two Arctic veterans traded stories. At the ticket counter, Ms. Williamson met seven-year-old Gabrielle Pelky, the granddaughter of Resolute Bay business owner Aziz Kheraj, who had jointly chartered the aircraft. "I said, 'I'm going to Resolute, where are you going?' And she said: "Me too … we'll be on the same plane!' " said Ms. Williamson.
The aircraft was a Boeing 737 combi-plane, a mixture of cargo and passengers. On this particular flight, the front of the plane would be taken up by five pallets of food and provisions and the 11 passengers and two flight attendants would be crowded into seats at the plane's rear. After requesting a window seat, Ms. Williamson had been given an entire row to herself just behind the cargo.
The flight was uneventful. Ms. Williamson read a book, listened to music and occasionally stared out the window. Fog was thick, but as Ms. Williamson noted, there's "almost always" fog in the High North. Tray tables were up, the landing gear was deployed and flight attendants had assumed landing positions when, without warning, the plane slammed into the ground.
"There were no noises. It was, it was completely sudden and violent, but the key is that it was sudden. It just came out of nowhere," she told CBC chief correspondent Peter Mansbridge at the Ottawa home of her parents.
Ms. Williamson had only enough time to bring her hands in front of her face before she felt herself ejected out of the disintegrating plane. Still strapped to her seat, she tumbled at high speeds along the open tundra. "It just felt like a jumble of rolling and flying through the air," she said.
When she finally came to a stop, her body battered to a "pulp," Ms. Williamson started cursing. "I'm going to be honest. I was breathing heavily and swearing and trying to figure out what was going on."
Thick black smoke mixed with fog. An unforgettable smell of metal, wet mud, fog and fuel struck her nostrils. The deafening cacophony of tearing metal subsided almost immediately, replaced instead by the distant hum of activity from Resolute Bay.
Glancing around, Ms. Williamson realized that "there was nothing left around me." No plane, no hunks of wreckage, just a few scraps of food and debris littering the ground. One hundred feet away, she could just make out the plane's orange tail fin pitched forward into the soil.
A child's crying pierced through the fog. Unbuckling her seat belt, Ms. Williamson fought a broken foot and pelvis to hobble to her feet. On the ground behind her lay Gabrielle Pelky, her leg visibly broken. "This is my very first plane crash," Gabrielle told her.
Nearby, the third survivor, Robin Wyllie, was arising from the rubble. Suffering from a crushed chest, he had fared the worst of the three. Ms. Williamson and Gabrielle limped toward him and the two co-workers shared a stunned exchange: "I think our plane crashed into the side of a hill," Ms. Williamson told him. "Oh," he replied.
With her self-preservation instincts kicking in, Ms. Williamson mustered the three of them away from the burning wreckage. "In a situation like that there is no room for irrational thought … there's no room for hysterics," she said.
With Ms. Williamson supporting the seven-year-old by the arm, the survivors dragged themselves away from the crash site, taking refuge at the peak of a nearby hill. As the fog lifted, the sheet-metal buildings of Resolute Bay came into view.
Seconds before, Gabrielle had been seat-belted next to her six-year-old sister, Cheyenne Eckalook, and she asked Ms. Williamson where she had gone.
"I told her that she had to think of happy things in that situation," said Ms. Williamson. As the whine of Resolute Bay fire trucks drew closers, the two girls talked about ponies. "She rescued me just as much as I rescued her. Because when we were waiting for the firemen to come, she talked to me and I talked to her. We both kept each other warm."
First responders arriving at the site would encounter a hillside littered with human body parts, but perched at the rear of the crash's debris field, the three survivors were spared the horror of seeing what had happened to their fellow passengers. "That was also one of the eeriest parts of this whole experience is that once I stood up there was no, there was no one around me," she said.
It wouldn't be until that night at the Iqaluit hospital that the trio would learn they were the only survivors. "There are no others," a nurse told Ms. Williamson.
National Post


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A motorcyclist died Sunday after he crashed into a tree on County Road 13, according to authorities.
Thomas F. Stephenson, 45, of Jacksonville hit the tree and was thrown 10 feet onto the pavement at about 3 p.m., according to St. Johns County Sheriff's Office.
He was announced dead at the scene, said Jeremy Robshaw, St. Johns County Fire Rescue spokesman.
Florida Highway Patrol handled the crash, but did not have further details.
© 2017. All Rights Reserved. Contact Us


text:
It breaks my heart to witness the stupidity and lack of common sense running rampant in this country today. The lack of responsibility with money and credit has become criminal.
Go ahead, renegotiate that credit card. Why take responsibility for spending beyond your means? Our own leaders are doing it. It's become a game.
Romney's remark about how almost half the people living here don't pay taxes causes outrage. He said he's not going to try to change their minds about whom they are going to vote for. Of course they are going to vote for the hand that feeds them. It's the truth.
It's so sad that people don't want to hear the truth. It offends them!
It's funny how people are willing to give things to the wealthy for free, as though they want to be in good graces with them. And, the poor expect to get things for free because we are supposed to feel sorry for them.
How can anyone believe the middle class is going to want or be able to support themselves and the other half of the people living here?
I am so tired of illegals "dying" to get here and then disrespecting me and my country. We have enough of our own poor. We don't need to import any more.
Go ahead. Renegotiate that credit card. Vote for the empty suit. Do you honestly think this is going to be sustainable? Don't be surprised if in your short sightedness you suddenly see, "game over."
Carolyn Mathes


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Definitely Drake at this stage.
They seem to have their act together at this stage.
There are a couple of potential ego maniacs there in the shape of Burton and Shawn, but at this point they are doing well.
Printable View
Definitely Drake at this stage.
They seem to have their act together at this stage.
There are a couple of potential ego maniacs there in the shape of Burton and Shawn, but at this point they are doing well.
Good analysis Sheela :clap
Right now, I'm favoring Drake, only because of Rupert, they have less team members that I like, but they do seem to be working together better than Morgan.
But you never know about each teams respective strengths when you consider the evil film editors, lol. It certainly looks like Drake has their act together in comparison to Morgan, but other tribes have embraced an early loss and exhibited a "can do" posture that brings them back as competitors.
I'm definitely a Drake fan.
I like everybody on the Drake tribe. The only ones I can stand on Morgan are Lillian and Ryan Shoulders. I think Darrah would be okay too if we SAW MORE OF HER!!!
I'm on Morgan's side. While I do like a few of the Drake people (Rupert, Shawn and Michelle,) they're too happy and smiley for me at the moment. I like the drama. Plus Jon and Christa are way too annoying.
Plus, the Survivors that have grabbed my attention are on Morgan. I've been watching since S1, and I really think Ryan O. is the most attractive male Survivor (IMO) ever. I think it's that whole Irish personality/looks package (no, NOT what he displayed during the first IC!) He's just different than the usual pretty boys.
Other faves: Darrah (something intriguing, maybe the whole mortician angle,) Andrew (calling Ryan S. out for his supposed slacking at the IC, yet voting for the person causing the most conflict, Nicole) and Ryan S. (underdog and he just seems sweet.)
Morgan may be unorganized, but I think they'll band together and start winning some RC and IC's. I notice that many people think that Drake has this "game" in the bag. I'm not sure how that can be assumed after only one IC win. Survivor is a very unpredictable game. Remember, there are those "twists" ahead as well. Don't count Morgan out!
Drake-mainly because Rupert & Sandra are on this tribe. Hopefully they will vote off Jon & Christa early which will protect R & S for awhile. :)
As much as I love to be in the minority, I agree with most of you and Drake is my favorite tribe.
I'm liking Morgan better, oddly i've never really liked the tribes that have gotten along LOL Like Rotu, i've always rooted for the tribe where no-one get's along, and no one works together. :D
Morgan, I think
As a tribe I like Drake more, but in a way that's odd because it contains at least 4 members I either outright dislike or feel "suspicious" of. The Ambi-Gay Duo of Burton and Sean can go suck eggs as far as I'm concerned, Jon is the poster child for Black & Decker, and I'm still suspicious of crackhead Christa.
Morgan is a mess, but I only really dislike 3 of them... so far--Andrew the self-appointed schmuck, Osten Powerless and Tijuana Brass-balls.
So its hard in a way. I dislike a greater percentage of the "team" I like more. But how can you like Morgan when they are seemingly so incompetent and lame?


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Harborview Video
Home Wedding Packages Availability Reviews Videos Services FAQ Blog Contact
HarborView Video provides professional wedding & event videography in the greater New England area. Our Sony 3 chip HD cameras, wireless lapel microphones and digital editing will create a memorable wedding video that will provide years of enjoyment and become a cherished keepsake for generations to come. Check our Wedding Packages (with pricing), our large FAQ page with lots of information and submit the Availability form above to see if we are available on your special day. We are always happy to meet couples with a casual, no pressure meet & greet to discuss your big day and answer any questions.
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HarborViewVideo.com 2008-2017


text:
apartment zoran
2 Bedrooms, 1 Bathrooms, Capacity: 5
Photo Gallery
Property Description
Bedrooms: 2. Bathrooms: 1
apartment in the heart of Split near historic Dioclecian palace and waterfront promenade called-Riva size 65m2 consist of 2 double bedrooms,open plan kitchen with dinning room,bathroom,entrance lobby and 2 balconies fully eqipped for self catering guests.More info:
Owner Contact Information
|Private Owner
split, croatia 21000
Click here
|Member Since:
|Nov. 19th, 2011
|Other Listings:
Rental Rates
- 140
Dark grey dates: reserved
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Amenitiestv , dvd , music , wifi , air condition , heating , kitchen utensils
2 Bedrooms, 1 Bathrooms, Capacity: 5
Beds: 2 Kings and 1 Single
Minimum Stay: 3 Nights
Further Information
Restrictions: - no
Nearby Attractions: - museums,restaurants,beaches,shoping malls,small shops,theatre,cinema,open summer entertainments activities etc.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|16 Aug 2001
|Filing date
|9 Jan 2001
|Priority date
|8 Feb 2000
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Jon Opsal, Minna Hovinen
|Therma-Wave, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (4), Non-Patent Citations (1), Classifications (6), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: Patentscope, Espacenet
TECHNICAL FIELD The subject invention relates to a method and apparatus particularly suited for the analysis ion implantation at higher doses on semiconductor samples.
There is a great need in the semiconductor industry for metrology equipment which can provide high resolution, nondestructive evaluation of product wafers as they pass through various fabrication stages. In recent years, a number of products have been developed for the nondestructive evaluation of semiconductor samples. One such product has been successfully marketed by the assignee herein under the trademark Therma-Probe. This device incorporates technology described in the following U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,634,290;
4,636,088, 4,854,710 and 5,074,669. The latter patents are incorporated herein by reference.
The Therma-Probe device monitors ion implant dose using thermal wave technology. In this device, an intensity modulated pump laser beam is focused on the sample surface for periodically exciting the sample. In the case of a semiconductor, thermal and plasma waves are generated in the sample which spread out from the pump beam spot. These waves reflect and scatter off various features and interact with various regions within the sample in a way which alters the flow of heat and/or plasma from the pump beam spot. The presence of the thermal and plasma waves has a direct effect on the reflectivity at the surface of the sample. Features and regions below the sample surface which alter the passage of the thermal and plasma waves will therefore alter the optical reflective patterns at the surface of the sample. By monitoring the changes in reflectivity of the sample at the surface, information about characteristics below the surface can be investigated. In the basic device, a second laser is provided for generating a probe beam of radiation. This probe beam is focused colinearly with the pump beam and reflects off the sample. A photodetector is provided for monitoring the power of reflected probe beam. The photodetector generates an output signal which is proportional to the reflected power of the probe beam and is therefore indicative of the varying optical reflectivity of the sample surface.
The output signal from the photodetector is filtered to isolate the changes which are synchronous with the pump beam modulation frequency. In the preferred embodiment, a lock-in detector is used to monitor the magnitude and phase of the periodic reflectivity signal. This output signal is conventionally referred to as the modulated optical reflectivity (MOR) of the sample.
Thermal wave technology is well suited for measuring lattice damage in crystalline materials and, therefore, serves as an excellent technology for monitoring the ion implant process in semiconductor materials. It is also known that optical methods, such as spectroscopic reflectance and spectroscopic ellipsometry, are sensitive to lattice damage through the effects of such damage on the optical properties of the material being implanted.
Typically, thermal waves are more sensitive in the region of low implantation, i.e. less than 1012 ions/cm2 (arsenic at 30 KEV) than the optical methods. In the range of 1012 through 1014 ions/cm2, it appears that optical and thermal waves are comparable in their ability to detect changes in lattice damage. At higher doses (of the same implant), amorphization sets in and the thermal wave signal is no longer monotonic with increasing dose and cannot be used reliably to monitor the implant process. In this high dose region, the optical methods are very sensitive and can unambiguously measure the thickness of the amorphous layer.
There is, however, damage above and below the amorphous layer which can still make an accurate measurement of total damage in the implanted material difficult using only optical methods. More specifically, the implantation process at high doses will create a large damaged region with a relatively smaller layer of amorphous material in the center thereof. This occurs because during the implantation process, the ions travel very quickly as they first strike the lattice. The fast passage through the lattice can result in little or no damage immediately beneath the surface. As the ions begin to slow down, the damage increases until at a certain depth, the damage is sufficient to produce amorphization. Amorphization represents the peak damage to the lattice. Ions which travel beyond the amorphous layer will cause further damage, but below the threshold for amorphization. Semiconductor manufacturers are interested in knowing both the thickness of the amorphous region, as well as the total extent of damage to the lattice which would include the damaged regions both above and below the amorphous layer. Thermal waves are intrinsically more sensitive to total damage than the optical methods. Therefore, by combining thermal waves with spectroscopic measurements, one can provide a means for sensitive and unambiguous monitoring of the ion implant process throughout the entire range. More specifically, one can use the data derived from the thermal wave measurements to provide an indication of the full extent of the damaged region. Data obtained from a spectroscopic measurements can be used to provide an indication of the thickness of the amorphous layer. By combining these two sets of measurements, one can provide an accurate profile of the damage as a function of depth below the surface of the semiconductor wafer. The concept of combining thermal wave measurements with other optical measurements is disclosed in prior U.S. Patent No. 5,978,074, issued November 2, 1999, and is assigned to the same assignee as the subject invention and is incorporated herein by reference. This patent describes the need to obtain additional measurements where the sample is more complex. In one aspect of that patent disclosure, a conventional thermal wave detection system was modified to increase the amount of data which could be obtained. For example, a steering system was provided for varying the distance between the pump and probe beam spots as measurements were taken. Another approach was to obtain a sequence of measurements at various pump beam modulation frequencies. The prior patent also discussed the advantages of combining spectroscopic reflectivity measurements with the thermal wave measurements. Various additional measurements were suggested including the assignee's proprietary beam profile reflectometry and beam profile ellipsometry techniques. The latter two approaches are described in U.S. Patents No. 4,999,014 and 5,181,080, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. The principal application for the tool described in U.S. Patent 5,87,974 relates to measuring thin metal films formed on semiconductor samples. The latter patent did not disclose the advantages of combining thermal wave measurements with spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. Further, the latter patent did not discuss the specific concept of using a thermal wave measurement to provide information on the full extent of a damage layer, while using another optical measurement to provide an indication of the amorphous layer.
Accordingly, it is an object of the subject invention to provide a new method and apparatus which provides additional measurement capabilities. It is another object of the subject invention to provide a method and apparatus particularly suited to evaluating high dopant concentrations in semiconductors.
It is a further object of the subject invention to provide a method and apparatus which combines measurements of modulated optical reflectivity with modulated spectroscopic ellipsometry.
Summary of the Invention
In accordance with these and other objects, the subject invention includes a method wherein a sample is characterized through a combination of measurements which include both a thermal or plasma wave measurement and a spectroscopic measurement. The thermal/plasma wave measurement is obtained by periodically exciting a region on the sample with an intensity modulated pump beam. A probe beam is directed to a region on the sample surface which has been periodically excited. Changes in power of the reflected probe beam are monitored to obtain the modulated optical reflectometry of the sample. In accordance with the subject method, a separate spectroscopic measurement is also obtained. To obtain this measurement, a polychromatic light source generates a polychromatic probe beam which is directed to reflect off the sample. The intensity of the reflected polychromatic probe beam can be measured to obtain spectroscopic reflectance data. Alternatively, or in addition, the change in polarization state of the polychromatic probe beam can be measured to obtain ellipsometric information. Additional measurement technologies can also be employed.
In accordance with the subject invention, data corresponding to the modulated optical reflectivity signal is combined with the spectroscopic data to more accurately characterize the sample. In one preferred embodiment, the system is used to more fully characterize high dosage levels of ion implantation in a semiconductor wafer. In this approach, the modulated optical reflectivity signal is useful for characterizing the full extent of the damaged region, while the spectroscopic ellipsometric information is used to characterize the extent of the amorphous layer.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus for carrying out the methods of the subject invention.
Figure 2 is a graph illustrating the damage layer thickness across a full ion implant dose range as measured by a spectroscopic ellipsometer. Figure 3 is a graph illustrating the thermal wave response across a full ion implant dose range.
Figure 4 is a statistical process control plot of long term monitoring of a silicon wafers implanted with arsenic using the three different measurement technologies. Figure 5 is a statistical process control plot of long term monitoring of a silicon wafers implanted with arsenic using the three different measurement technologies.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
Figure 1 is a simplified diagram of the basic components of an apparatus 10 which can be used to take the measurements useful in applying the methods of the subject invention. The apparatus is particularly suited for measuring characteristics of semiconductor wafers 20. In one important aspect of the invention, the device is used to characterize levels of ion implantation in the wafer. The device could also be used to characterize properties of one or more thin film layers 22 on top of the wafer.
In accordance with the subject invention, the apparatus includes a first measurement system for generating thermal and/or plasma wavers and monitoring the propagation of these waves in the sample. This portion of the system includes a pump laser 30 for exciting the sample and a probe laser 32 for monitoring the sample. Gas, solid state or semiconductor lasers can be used. As described in the assignee's earlier patents, other means for exciting the sample can include different sources of electromagnetic radiation or particle beams such as from an electron gun.
In the preferred embodiment, semiconductor lasers are selected for both the pump and probe lasers due to their reliability and long life. In the illustrated embodiment, pump laser 30 generates a near infrared output beam 34 at 790nm while probe laser 32 generates a visible output beam 36 at 670nm. Suitable semiconductor lasers for this application include the Mitsubishi ML6414R (operated at 30mW output) for the pump laser and a Toshiba Model 9211 (5 mW output) for the probe laser. The outputs of the two lasers are linearly polarized. The beams are combined with a dicl roic mirror 38. It is also possible to use two lasers with similar wavelengths and rely on polarization discrimination for beam combining and splitting.
Pump laser 30 is connected to a power supply 40 which is under the control of a processor 42. The output beam of laser 30 is intensity modulated through the output of power supply 40. The modulation frequency has a range running from 100 KHz to 100 MHz. In the preferred embodiment, the modulation frequency can be set up to 125 MHz. As described in the above cited patents, if an ion laser is used to generate the pump beam, the intensity modulation can be achieved by a separate acousto-optic modulator.
Prior to reaching the beam combining mirror 36, the probe beam 34 passes through a tracker 46. Tracker 46 is used to control the lateral position of beam 34 with respect to the probe beam. In some measurements, the two beams will be positioned so that the spots will overlap on the sample surface. In addition, measurements can be taken at various spacings between the pump and probe beam spots. Measurements at different spatial separations are discussed in greater detail in U.S. 5,978,074.
The beams are directed down to the sample 20 through a microscope objective 50. Objective 50 has a high n.a., on the order of 0.9, and is capable of focusing the beam to a spot size on the order of a few microns and preferably close to one micron in diameter. The spacing between the objective and the sample is controlled by an auto focus system not shown herein but described in
The returning reflected beams 34 and 36 are reflected by beam splitter 52. A filter 54 is provided to remove the pump beam light 34 allowing the probe beam light to fall on the photodetector 60. Detector 60 provides an output signal which is proportional to the power of the reflected probe beam 36.
Detector 60 is arranged to be underfilled so that its output can be insensitive to any changes in beam diameter or position. In the preferred embodiment, detector 60 is a quad cell generating four separate outputs. When used to measure reflected beam power, the output of all four quadrants are summed. As described in U.S. 5,978,074, the apparatus can also be operated to measure beam deflection. In the latter case, the output of one adjacent pair of quadrants is summed and subtracted from the sum of the remaining pair of quadrants.
The output of the photodetector 60 is passed through a low pass filter 72 before reaching processor 42. One function of filter 72 is to pass a signal to the processor 42 proportional to the DC power of the reflected probe. A portion of filter 72 also functions to isolate the changes in power of the reflected probe beam which are synchronous with the pump beam modulation frequency. In the preferred embodiment, the filter 72 includes a lock-in detector for monitoring the magnitude and phase of the periodic reflectivity signal. Because the modulation frequency of pump laser can be so high, it is preferable to provide an initial down-mixing stage for reducing the frequency of detection. Further details of the preferred filter and alternatives are described in U.S. 5,978,074. For example, it would be possible to use a modulated pump beam to obtain an optically heterodyned signal as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,206,710, incorporated herein by reference.
To insure proper repeatability of the measurements, the signals must be normalized in the processor. As noted above, the DC reflectivity of the probe beam is derived from detector 60. In addition, the DC output powers of the pump and probe lasers are monitored by incident power detectors (not shown) and provided to the processor. The signals are further normalized by taking a measurement of the power of the pump beam 34 after it has been reflected by another detector (not shown). This measurement is used to determine the amount of pump energy which has been absorbed in the sample. The DC signal for both the incident pump and probe beam powers as well as the reflected beam powers are used to correct for laser intensity fluctuations and absorption and reflection variations in the samples. In addition, the signals can be used to help calculate sample parameters.
In accordance with the subject invention, in addition to the thermal wave measurement system, a separate spectroscopic measurement system is also included. This additional system includes a polycliromatic or white light source 80. The white light source can be defined by a single broadband lamp, such as a xenon arc lamp. Alternatively, the white light source could be defined by two or more lamps such as a xenon arc lamp to cover of the visible light ranges and a separate deuterium lamp to cover the ultraviolet ranges.
The output from the white light source 80 is a polychromatic probe the beam 82. The beam can be redirected by a splitter 84 towards the sample. The beam 82 is focused onto the sample by microscope objective 50. The reflected beam is redirected by splitter 86 to a spectrometer 88. The spectrometer can be of any type commonly known and used in the prior art. In the illustrated embodiment, the spectrometer mcludes a curved grating 90 which functions to angularly spread the beam as a function of wavelengths. A photodetector 92 is provided for measuring the beam. Photodetector 92 is typically a photodiode array with different wavelengths or colors falling on each element in the array. Other alternative detectors would include a CCD camera or photomultiplier. It should be noted that it is within the scope of this invention to use a monochrometer and obtain measurements serially (one wavelength at a time) using a single detector element.
The output of detector 92 is supplied to the processor 42. When the polychromatic light beam 82 follows the path discussed above, the output of detector 92 would correspond to the reflectance of the sample. In accordance with the subject invention, polychromatic light beam 82 can also be used to obtain spectroscopic ellipsometric measurements.
In order to obtain spectroscopic ellipsometric measurements, a beam splitter 102 can be placed in the path of the polychromatic light beam 82.
Beams splitter 102 redirects the beam through polarizer 106 to create a known polarization state. Polarizer 106 can be a linear polarizer made from a quartz Rochon prism. The polarized probe beam is focused onto the sample 20 by a curved mirror 108. The beam strikes the sample at an angle on the order of 70 degrees to the normal to maximize sensitivity. Based upon well-known ellipsometric principles, the reflected beam will generally have a mixed linear and circular polarization state after interacting with the sample, as compared to the linear polarization state of the incoming beam. The reflected beam is redirected by mirror 110 through a rotating compensator 112. Compensator 112 introduces a relative phase delay or phase retardation between a pair of mutually orthogonal polarized optical beam components. The amount of phase retardation is a function of the wavelength, the dispersion characteristics of the material used to form the compensator and the thickness of the compensator. The compensator is rotated by motor 116 at an angular velocity ω about an axis substantially parallel to the propagation direction of the beam. In the preferred embodiments, compensator 112 is abi-plate compensator constructed of two parallel plates of anisotropic (usually birefringent) material, such as quartz crystals of opposite handedness, where the fast axes of the two plates are perpendicular to each other and the thicknesses are nearly equal, differing only by enough to realize a net first-order retardation over the wavelength range of interest. After passing through the compensator 112, the beam interacts with the analyzer 120. Analyzer 120 service to mix a polarization states of the beam. In this embodiment, analyzer 120 is another linear polarizer. The rotating compensator spectroscopic ellipsometer illustrated herein is described in greater detail in U.S. Patent No. 5,973,787 assigned to the same assignee and incorporated herein by reference. While a rotating compensator ellipsometer is disclosed, the scope of the subject invention is intended to include any of the other conventional spectroscopic ellipsometer configurations. These would include rotating analyzer systems as well as fixed element systems that rely on photoelastic modulators for retardation.
After the beam passes analyzer 120 it is reflected by beam splitter 130 and directed to the spectrometer 88. As noted above, grating 90 disperses the beam onto the array detector 92. The measured output from the spectrometer corresponds to the change in polarization state of the beam and from this information, the traditional ellipsometric parameters Ψ and Δ can be derived.
The optical layout in Figure 1 is intended to illustrate how both a thermal wave detection system and a spectroscopic detection system, and in particular, a spectroscopic ellipsometric system might be employed to obtain measurements at generally the same spot on the surface of the sample and in a near contemporaneous fashion. In this manner, the combination of the measurements results will produce a more accurate result.
The combination of the two metrology devices in a single tool in addition to providing more accurate results provides economic benefits as well. For example, a single tool has a smaller footprint and therefore takes up less space in the semiconductor fab. By combining technologies in a single tool, costs can be reduced by eliminating duplicate subsystems such as wafer handlers and computers. Finally, the combination can simplify and streamline decision making since the information from the two measurement modalities can be coordinated instead of producing conflicting results which can occur if two separate devices were used.
It is believed that a combination thermal wave and spectroscopic inspection device will be particularly useful for analyzing ion implantation in semiconductor samples. To determine the efficacy of this approach, experiments were run to obtain data on similarly prepared wafers on the assignee's Therma-Probe thermal wave device (Model TP-500), as well as two of assignee's Opti-Probe models, the 3260 for the broadband spectroscopic measurements and the 5240 to obtain broadband spectroscopic ellipsometric measurements. hi these experiments, a total of 23 wafers each having a diameter of 150 mm were prepared on a GSD-600 ion implanter using P+ ions at 100 keV energy or As ions at 30 keV. Each wafer had a uniform dose with 20 wafers having the P dose within the range from lelO to lelδ ions/cm and three wafers having the As+ ion dose of 5.4el2 + 5% ions/cm2. The wafers were not treated for thermal annealing of the crystalline damage. 21 -point map broadband (210-780 nm) spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE)measurements were performed on the Opti-Probe 5240 and thermal wave measurements were done on the Therma-Probe 500 (TP-500) ion implant monitoring tool. For added comparison, broad band (190-780 nm) spectral reflectance (SR) was done on an Opti-Probe 3260 (OP-3260).
As apart of this investigation, measurement recipes were developed for the OP-5240 and OP-3260 while the ion implant monitoring recipes were readily available on the TP-500. For ion implant monitoring purposes, a simple model was applied with a single damage layer on undoped crystalline silicon and with an overlayer of thermal oxide. The wafers under study had a nominal 100 A of thermal oxide deposited prior to ion implantation. The optical properties of thermal oxide are well known and the standard library lookup table values were used for the oxide dispersion while the thickness of the top oxide layer was allowed to vary as a fitting parameter. A critical point model with five harmonic oscillators was used for the optical dispersion of the damage layer. Initial recipe development involved fitting of the experimental data with variable dispersion for the damage layer as well as the damage layer and the oxide thicknesses.
The phase transition from crystalline-like to amorphous-like silicon was observed between doses 2el4 and 4el4 ions/cm2 for the Phosphorous implant at 100 keV. The dose range can then be divided into a low dose region (lelO - lel4), a medium dose region (lel4 - 6el4) and a high dose region (6el4 - lel6). A separate recipe is needed for the curve fitting of each dose region due to the limited dynamic range of the fitting algorithm. Figure 2 shows the results of curve fitting for the full range of ion doses characterized with spectroscopic ellipsometry. Figure 3 has the results for the thermal wave technique. The characteristic low sensitivity plateau region around the 700 TW unit is missing in the SE results. Furthermore, the negative slope at higher doses, which is related to the optical interference effects in the amorphous layer, is not an issue for the SE measurements.
In addition to the dose sensitivity, the instrumental noise needs to be included in any analysis of implant monitoring capability. The dose sensitivity S in units of %-change in a monitoring parameter per %-change in ion dose can be estimated from
(P2 - Pl)l(P2 + Pl)
S = (D2 -DX)I(D2 + Dλ)
where P refers to the monitoring parameter, D is the ion dose, and the subscript 1 and 2 refer to the samples in question.
To estimate the noise for each technology, the short term repeatability of map measurements was determined within a one to two hour period with 10 cycles of wafer loading, and the long term repeatability was estimated from map measurements repeated once a day for five consecutive days. The repeatability is defined as the standard deviation at 1-σ and the percent notation %σ = 1- σ/mean is used here. For each technology, the detection limit DL in %-change in dose can then be estimated from
DL ~ ^- The monitoring results for four sample wafers are illustrated in Figure 4 with the statistical process control (SPC) plots. The data in Tables 1 and 2 are analyzed to extract the low dose and high dose detection limits in %-dose for each technology. The spectroscopic ellipsometry technology shows superior performance in the high dose detection with a factor of 30 improvement in comparison to the industry standard thermal wave technology. For low dose detection the SE performance is comparable to TP-500.
Table 1 below illustrates the long term detection at high dose with each technology. The monitoring parameter for TP-500 is the thermal wave signal in TW units and for the OP-tools the monitoring parameter is the damage layer thickness in A.
* 3 days of data was acquired
Table 2 below shows the long term detection at low dose with each technology. The monitoring parameter for TP-500 is the thermal wave signal in TW units and for the OP-tools the monitoring parameter is the damage layer thickness in A.
3 days of data was acquired
As can be seen from the above data, both the thermal wave measurements and the spectroscopic measurements can provide useful information about ion implantation in semiconductor wafers. In accordance with the subject invention, this data can be combined in order to improve the analysis of the sample and reduced ambiguities.
There are a number of approaches which are available to combine data from different technologies. One could use the data independently to arrive at separate approximations of the ion implantation dose of the sample and then derive a final result by taking a weighted average of the independent solutions. Preferably, a more robust analysis will be performed that combines data from both measurements in iterative process to reach a best fit solution. Such iterative approaches for combining data from multiple measurements are now more well known in the metrology field. For example see "Simultaneous
Measurement of Six Layers in a Silicon on Insulator Film Stack Using Spectrophotometry and Beam Profile Reflectometry " Leng, et. al, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol 81, No. 8, April 15, 1997.
The subject invention is not limited to the particular algorithm used to derive the characteristics of the individual layers. In addition to the more conventional least square fitting routines, alternative approaches can be used. For example, the high level of computing power now available permits approaches to be utilized which include genetic algorithms. One example of the use of genetic algorithms to determine the thickness of thin film layers can be found in "Using Genetic Algorithms with Local Search for Thin Film
Metrology," Land, et. al., Proceeding of the Seventh International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, July 19-23, page 537, 1997. See also, U.S. Patent No. 5,864,633, incorporated herein by reference. In one particular implementation of the subject invention, the thermal wave signals and the spectroscopic ellipsometer signals are combined to analyze the extent of damage induced by ion implantation. As noted above, the spectroscopic ellipsometer signals are particularly useful in characterizing the extent of the amorphous layer created by the ion implantation process.
Conversely, the thermal wave data is particularly sensitive to the overall damage layer. By properly combining the data with suitable algorithms, a full characterization of the ion implant damage as a function of depth can be achieved. Alternatively, the spectroscopic reflectivity measurements could be combined with the thermal wave measurements to perfonn this analysis.
In addition to analyzing ion implantation processes, the combination of thermal wave and spectroscopic ellipsometric measurements can be used to reduce ambiguities in measurements associated with other aspects of semiconductor fabrication. For example, this combination could be used to analyze characteristics of various thin films of the sample. Such thin films can include oxides, nitrides and metals. Information obtained from the two or more independent measurements allows one to more accurately determined the characteristics of those layers. Those characteristics could include, for example, thickness, index of refraction, extinction coefficient, density and thermal conductivity.
Is also within the scope of the subject invention to combine additional technologies to the measurement beyond those illustrated in Fig. 1. For example, measurement technologies such as the assignee's proprietary beam profile reflectometry and beam profile ellipsometry could be used. The addition of such further measurement modules is described in assignee's prior U.S.
Patent 5,978,074.
While the subject invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various changes and modifications could be made therein, by one skilled in the art, without varying from the scope and spirit of the subject invention as defined by the appended claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|10 Jun 1998
|17 Dec 1998
|Matsushita Electronics Corporation
|Method of evaluating semiconductor layer, method of manufacturing semiconductor device, and storage medium
|3 May 2000
|16 Nov 2000
|Kla-Tencor Corporation
|System for non-destructive measurement of samples
|11 Jan 1995
|16 Jul 1996
|Centre National De La Recherche
|Spectroscopic ellipsometer modulated by an external excitation
|3 Jul 1997
|2 Nov 1999
|Therma-Wave, Inc.
|Apparatus for evaluating metalized layers on semiconductors
|KASKO I ET AL: "Characterization of thin TiSi2 films by spectroscopic ellipsometry and thermal wave analysis", MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING,NL,ELSEVIER PUBLISHERS BV., AMSTERDAM, vol. 37-38, 1 November 1997 (1997-11-01), pages 455 - 460, XP004103515, ISSN: 0167-9317
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