text:
Use the tools below to refine your search by only displaying reviews with a certain number of star ratings or to only show reviews from a certain time period. Eg click on '1 star' to just display the reviews we have which received a 1 star rating click or 'Within the last month' to display just reviews posted over the last month.
Written on: 08/08/2012 by collen (1 review written)
I use a lot of travel agents for late bargain holidays, however, I found Jetline Travel to be really helpful and gave me the best price. I had to call them several times to discuss my options they were very professional and in the end I got the holiday that I wanted… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 07/08/2012 by IanJamesFea (1 review written)
I needed to book a holiday during a very busy week so I blame myself. I found it very hard to understand the Indian man on the phone and had to get him to repeat most things. He said I could have a room upgrade for £25 I repeated this he said it was £25. It turned out to be £25 per person. My main complaint is that they charged me full price for 2 children staying at the Rinela resort in crete a total of £860 I found out after being there that the resort doe not charge for children to… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 04/08/2012 by jonnyfoo (1 review written)
This company is absolute joke. From the moment we booked its been a nightmare. Firstly the first man who spoke with coul;dnt speak very good english he made a mistake with the name on on one of the flight bookings that I had to then change (ryanair flights thats another joke they tried charging £110 for something that was no mistake of mine) at the cost of £10 after much arguing. I still havent received my itinery for my hotel despite being told I would receive it yesterday and then again… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 29/08/2012
i booked my holiday for the 25/8/12 and returning home on the 1/9/12 but in the worse case i returned home on the 26/8/12 because the company "deal of the day holidays" refused to help us while we did not have a shower that worked in our room the fridge was rotted and not working bed sheets were covered in fag burns and blood baring in mine i booked a 5* all inclusive hotel in Tunisia "amir palace hotel" the food was all of 1chips they did not cater for English in anyway?? this is just a scan of my holiday i can do detail but this is just brief .. I am writing a letter to jet line travel / ice lolly.com to receive full compensation of my weeks holiday as i had to return home after the 2nd day of which was meant to be my weeks holiday.
Written on: 01/08/2012
I booked a holiday with my girlfriend to Turkey last month through jetline travel. When I rang up the price was £185 each but after discussions with the employer it went up to £350 each because transfers/luggage had to be included etc. As the transfer was 2.5 hours away in Kalkan I thought it was still ok (my own fault) The man I was speaking withs English wasn't very good so I made sure over 5 times on the phone that the transfer was included which he confirmed. Got the email confirmantion… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 30/07/2012 by Alijohnson (1 review written)
I booked a holiday to Majorca with Jetline Travel staying at the Son Caliu Hotel in Palma Nova. The holiday was the best we have ever had. We originally called for a different hotel but were told that this was on a special offer so we decided to book this one instead. We booked only 10 days before we went so we weren't expecting to get a great hotel but it was fantastic. The hotel spa and pool restaurant were the highlights....the sun also helped. I did check review sites but not until we… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 27/07/2012
Having booked a holiday in Majorca with Jetline Travel, when the documentation came through the information was inaccurate. I have tried to contact Customer Services but after holding on at the end of a phone line for 50 mins I gave up.( This is a premium rate number) I called other numbers which are for Jetline but they refused to connect me to Customer Services, except one who put me onto a music loop that again I listened to for 30 mins with no reply. I then sent e-mails to them and to date… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 22/07/2012 by MaryRogers (1 review written)
I found Jetline through icelolly.com and they had the best prices for Majorca. I called them and spoke with a John who help me book my holiday, I had to pay extra for transfers and baggage but this seems to be the same as everybody else. The process was very simple and John was very helpful he managed to get me a free upgrade to a superior room. … Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 19/07/2012
Browsed Icelolly.com and found a holiday we liked with Deal of the Day, spoke to a gentleman named Samuel who through out the conversation of the booking repeatedly said Benidorm which lead me to believe La Manga was in Benidorm. The booking was for 4 adults All Inclusive to the Los Delfines Hotel La Manga. Samuel stated that I would have to book our transfer myself as this was not included again speaking about Benidorm, flying into Alicante airport. Booked Transfers from Alicante… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 30/08/2012
Can I ask, did they charge you for not turning up on the holiday?
Written on: 31/08/2012
I have emailed them to let them know that I cannot go anymore & after reading their T&C's im terrifed that they are going to try & charge me for cancelling
Written on: 30/08/2012
Hi Jemmamcc's
We did go on holiday, Jetliner had to offer us an alternative hotel as the first was b&b and we booked all inclusive. I am still awaiting a response to my complaint from them.
Written on: 14/07/2012
If you want to book a holiday and not worry about it don't use these cowboys. I have Not even been on my cruise yet and all I have incurred is hassle. Extra charges have been added at all angels and they even changed my flights without telling me meaning that I would miss my cruise departure! This meant I then had to pay an extra £250 to make sure I will catch my cruise in time! I had to ring up three times in order to receive a confirmation number when I paid the full balance which was a… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 11/07/2012 by sluzdog (1 review written)
Never had so much grief from booking a holiday!! firstly they told us we needed to pay £50 extra for baggage which seemed over priced then we were told that the original room we booked was a basement room without a balcony and that if we paid extra we would be able to be moved to a nicer room with a balcony. We agreed to pay the extra fee as it still seemed like a reasonable deal however after speaking to the hotel we were informed that the room we were booked under was still the basement… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 15/06/2012 by Goldenrevolution (1 review written)
WHAT A NIGHTMARE. RUDE SHOUTING THREATENING these are just some of the words that describe the conversation that I would use to describe the conversation that I have just had this evening with 'Jeff' who was very clearly foreign and certainly not a 'Jeff'... After calling with a reference number from a deal in Turkey with Icelolly.com and taking card details he then proceeded to tell my partner that he was going to now be charging us both extra for baggage, hand luggage, admin fees, checking… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 19/06/2012
wow! I wish I had read this before I just booked with them. Nightmare does not describe it! I booked my Tenerife holiday through teletextholidays last year and was really impressed with how good the holiday was. So again this year myself and my partner decided to go through them again. The agent this time at the other end was (name removed) (as if!) couldn't really understand half of what he said. He then told me as we were booking I could have the luxury of a room with a balcony for only £28 extra per head. Of course I would rather a balcony so silly me - I paid the extra £56. Just like you I got the phone call half an hour after the call the flights had gone up by £46 per head - wow wasn't expecting that! I told them there was no way I was paying this as they added on a credit card charge without telling me throughout the sale and just mentioned it at the end. On hold and would you believe suddenly I didn't have to pay this.
After looking up reviews of the hotel online I read that every room comes with a balcony. Obviously I called back straight away and spoke to my good friend (name removed) who told me the extra room charge was used for flights. Good one.
Been an on going war with them since and had to agree with £30 refunded or if I cancelled they would take £508 off me - I THINK!?
AVOID THIS COMPANY! CAN'T UNDERSTAND A WORD THEY SAY WHICH THEY THEN FALL BACK ON AND SAY THEY HAVE TOLD YOU. I will leave an update on how the holiday actually went once we have been!!
Written on: 28/07/2012
as you say they are totally fake and every one of them is a guy scamming uk citizens plz act againts their owner named some (name removed) they tried cheatimg me as well a guy named (name removed) which is totally fake and as i am an indian citizen setteled in uk belfast i got his accent of speech'...plz try to complain to abta and atol againts this kinda doomy peoples trying to scam and cheat us plz act
Written on: 02/06/2012 by Pollyp40 (1 review written)
After booking my holiday I read reviews on Jetline Travel and was worried that we would have problems. They do act as agents only and if you want a rep on site etc maybe you should spend more and book with a company which has a rep - effectively a hand holding service. Our holiday documents arrived in a timely fashion. All flight details were forwarded. On arriving at the airport we were allocated a coach which took us to our accommodation. The accommodation and resort were as desribed… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 13/06/2012
this is not correct
they do not act as "agents only"
they will TELL YOU that they act as "agents only" so they can avoid the responsibilities of being the ATOL holder, so when you have a hideous experience, they will say "we are only agents; you need to speak to the airline/hotel/ground handlers etc (anyone but us!)
They "package" an easy jet or ryanair or whatever flight with a hotel room. As soon as a flight seat (on ANY airline - even a budget airline) is "packaged" by the holiday supplier with any one other element (ie hotel room)
If they do not take responsibility, you should report them to ABTA or even better, your local trading standards office (www.tradingstandards.gov.uk)
Written on: 23/05/2012 by dreamcore (3 reviews written)
JETLINE TRAVEL OFFER A SERVICE AS "AGENT" ONLY! IF YOU HAVE ANY ISSUE WITH YOUR HOLIDAY, THEY WIL REPLY BY TELLING YOU THEY ARE NOT OBLIGATED TO HELP, NOR WILL THEY. SCAMMERS... … Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 17/05/2012 by Guest1122334455 (1 review written)
I recently booked a holiday with jetline travel after an offer I seen on travelzoo. Upon calling the sales team to book te holiday I experienced rudeness and added prices to the original offer. The salesman advised me that the price increases are due to flight price changes when they have been the same on the easyjet website for days. The hotel price was also increased but if you were to book the hotel separately on their website it would be £50 cheaper!! Like a silly person I booked he… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 10/05/2012
I previously booked a holiday through this company, I was called 10 minutes later to say the holiday I had already paid for was gone so could I pay an extra £40 pp to get the same holiday with another provider. I agreed, silly me. Cut a long story short the holiday was cancelled not long after due to the provider going in to administration, Jetline were absolutely no help what so ever and I got most of my info on how to claim my money back through ABTA. So fast forward a year and I again was… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 16/04/2012 by kirstymce11 (1 review written)
Stay well clear of this company!!!!!!!!!!! I thought i was dealing with icelolly and ended up with details from this company.. I have booked a last minute holiday for myself, my partner and our baby. We have received an email giving us details of the hotel and transfers. No information on flights. My name has spelt wrongly and my partner and babys name are not even on any of the documents... After spending 2 hours trying to contact customer services someone finally answered. she was very cheeky… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 04/04/2012
Worst travel comapny ever! I applied through Teletext, got the usual additional transfers/baggage etc which is all normal, but booked onto the wrong hotel. This was then changed but was going to be £300 extra! Thought about it and agreed because we both wanted our holiday. however received nothing to confirm these details. Nada. Rang the next day after reading these reviews to cancel. Was told they didnt offer refunds unless you emailed, when i said i had they put me on hold for 2 hours. In… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 10/06/2012
I couldn't agree more. This company is a total disgrace. I booked my holiday with them and like so many others that i have since read about, i was quoted a price which i accepted and paid a deposit on. I then received a call saying that those flights weren't available and that the holiday would cost more. I complained and they offered me a room upgrade. During that conversation, the rep confirmed the balance i would need to pay. A few weeks later, i received a letter stating that i needed to pay the balance but the amount they were asking for was more than what i had been quoted at the time of booking the holiday. When i rang to question it, everyone was rude and very few of their staff spoke clear English. The matter is still being argued but i have since rung the hotel who have confirmed that no upgrade has been organised so clearly that was a blatant lie. When i checked the various confirmations they sent me, i have also noticed that the transfer from the hotel to the airport on our way home, is booked for the wrong month so presumably no one would be booked to pick us up. Jetline are a joke and i would avoid them like the plague. This mattter is still unresolved but i will not be standing for any of their rubblish. someone needs to take action against this company as so many of the comments on the internet reflect the fact that they seem to regularly quote one price then try to charge more and do not tell the truth. Please do not use them!!
Written on: 21/08/2012
This is exactly what happened to us. They have put through a higher amount than was authorised them to & seems nothing can be done about it. Non existent customer service. Rude unhelpful staff. Will be contacting trading standards/ABTA
Written on: 01/04/2012
Just returned from a Caribbean cruise with Celebrity and 3 nights in New York (in two excellent hotels, Jetline recommendation). When I booked, Jetline price could not be beaten. All the advice given by agent Quinton about NY was accurate & helpful. I was anxious having booked and then reading some poor reviews but everything turned out well and we had a great time. The cruise price did drop a little after booking but some cruise lines do this and its normally the luck of the draw when you… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 29/03/2012
Stay away from this company. i only hope that Groupon etc stay away from this company and end the parthnership they have! they are shocking… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
Written on: 28/03/2012
£85 CHARGED FOR SEA VIEW .THATS FREE AT HOTEL JUST CHANGE ROOM ??? REFUSING TO REFUND OR CHARGING £300 TO CANCELL AFTER A FEW MINUTES . MR JACK AND OTHERS CANT SPEAK GOOD ENGLISH ANYWAY.KEEP EMAILING THEM TO GET RESPONSE .11TH /18TH MARCH 2012… Read Full ReviewGet Great Holidays Deals From Expedia
As rated by our community of reviewers
" Best site to book for hotels " Read More
" Excellent Customer Service " Read More
" Slovenian Gem " Read More
" What's the point of travel republic. " Read More
" Goods service " Read More


text:
If something is excessive or annoying, it is a bit much.
A bridge too far is an act of overreaching- going too far and getting into trouble or failing.
A chain is no stronger than its weakest link
This means that processes, organisations, etc, are vulnerable because the weakest person or part can always damage or break them.
(USA) If something is a day late and a dollar short, it is too little, too late.
A fool and his money are soon parted
This idiom means that people who aren't careful with their money spend it quickly. 'A fool and his money are easily parted' is an alternative form of the idiom.
A fool at 40 is a fool forever
If someone hasn't matured by the time they reach forty, they never will.
A person who is brought in to examine something carefully is a fresh pair of eyes.
If you have a hitch in your giddy-up, you're not feeling well. ('A hitch in your gittie-up' is also used.)
If you give something a lick and a promise, you do it hurriedly, most often incompletely, intending to return to it later.
A light purse is a heavy curse
Life is difficult when you don't have much money.
Prominent and influential people who comprise the most desirable guests at a social function or gathering.
If someone doesn't want to say where they got some information from, they can say that a little bird told them.
A little learning is a dangerous thing
A small amount of knowledge can cause people to think they are more expert than they really are.eg. he said he'd done a course on home electrics, but when he tried to mend my table lamp, he fused all the lights! I think a little learning is a dangerous thing
Something that is a long row to hoe is a difficult task that takes a long time.
A lost ball in the high weeds is someone who does not know what they are doing, where they are or how to do something.
If you have got a lot on your plate, you are very busy and have commitments.
A month of Sundays is a long period of time: I haven't seen her in a month of Sundays.
If things are A OK, they are absolutely fine.
This idiom is used as a way of asking someone what they are thinking about.
A penny saved is a penny earned
Saving money is just as important as earning money- we shouldn't spend it foolishly.
A penny saved is a penny earned
This means that we shouldn't spend or waste money, but try to save it.
A picture is worth a thousand words
A picture can often get a message across much better than the best verbal description.
Something or someone that can be compared to something or someone else, but is not as good is a poor man's version; a writer who uses lots of puns but isn't very funny would be a poor man's Oscar Wilde.
If something costs a pretty penny, it is very expensive.
A problem shared is a problem halved
If you talk about your problems, it will make you feel better.
This idiom, coined by John F Kennedy, describes the idea that when an economy is performing well, all people will benefit from it.
A rolling stone gathers no moss
People say this to mean that an ambitious person is more successful than a person not trying to achieve anything. Originally it meant the opposite and was critical of people trying to get ahead.
A shallow brook babbles the loudest
People who are loud and talk a lot usually have nothing of substance to say. This contrasts with "Still waters run deep." Other versions are "Shallow brooks babble loudest" and "Shallow brooks are noisy."
A slice off a cut loaf is never missed
Used colloquially to describe having sexual intercourse with someone who is not a virgin, especially when they are in a relationship. The analogy refers to a loaf of bread; it is not readily apparent, once the end has been removed, exactly how many slices have been taken.('You never miss a slice from a cut loaf' is also used.)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Do you remember that scene from the movie, Big, with Tom Hanks? The one where Josh (Hanks) sits in on a focus group about a new toy:
Josh: I don't get it.
Paul: What exactly don't you get?
Josh: It turns from a building into a robot, right?
Paul: Precisely.
Josh: Well, what's fun about that?
Paul: Well, if you had read your industry breakdown, you would see that our success in the action figure area has climbed from twenty-seven percent to forty-five percent in the last two years. There, that might help.
Josh: Oh.
Paul: Yes?
Josh: I still don't get it.
I feel like Bill Rauch needs a focus group filled with people like Josh.
Hamlet is a big play. Hamlet is a big character. We all know the story to some degree and we've all heard the lines in common use, whether we track them to Shakespeare or not. I commend Rauch for being bold. In 2008, he brought ancient Sanskrit theatre to the stage as he directed audiences to the non-Western world of Clay Cart, and in 2009, Rauch took a huge risk when he adapted and directed OSF's first full-on musical (Music Man). Darn good show; darn good time. Great, even.
But his Hamlet?
I don't get it.
During my recent interview with this play's Hamlet, Dan Donohue made the very real statement that in order to play the prince, he must break the role up into its separate parts:
Right now I only see the parts—one moment at a time—and if I think about it as a whole at this stage, I feel consumed with fear because if I think ahead, "Oh I've got that nunnery scene coming up…" I'm like "Ohhhhhh! Don't think about that!" It has to be moment by moment by moment, otherwise I sort of go mad…
I get this, and it's a terrific way to do what Hamlet can't seem to do until the final Act: live and thus act in the present. But the production as a whole seems to rely on this technique, and what we get is something that lacks cohesion. I don't think it's Dan Donohue's fault, at least insofar as his acting ability; rather, it seems a matter to take up with the director, or in this case directors, as Rauch claims this production is a 50/50 directorial collaboration between him and Donohue.
In a production made up of moments, we get the gamut of not good to very good. Deborah M. Dryden's modern dress costume design is unremarkable, while Christopher Acebo's set design wows across the board (Acebo also designed the set for this season's must see opener, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, directed by Christopher Liam Moore). The stage looks a bit askew—awry, if you will—and filled with shadows and corners. Hidden partitions extend from the backdrop during the play to create rooms and hiding places, while surveillance cameras look on from above. The most telling piece of work in Acebo's set design is the wall standing stage left, complete with bars and barbed wire to reinforce that this Denmark is, indeed, a prison.
A stone wall backdrop takes the audience inside and outside the walls of Elsinore castle with Christopher Akerlind's seamless and at times haunting lighting design. I only wish Rauch would have turned to Akerlind instead of William Cusick's overly techie and terribly distracting projections when representing a larger than life fade in and out of the Ghost. In this case, Howie Seago, the actor who plays the ghostly Hamlet Sr., would have made much more of an impact during his haunting than the flashy projections and fuzzy fade outs.
Aside from the techie stuff and the bizarre GI Joe fatigues that weigh Seago down in the beginning of the show, casting Seago as the Ghost is genius. Howie Seago is deaf and, in this production, he speaks his words through his hands, with Donohue translating what is necessary along the way. This father/son relationship is gripping, intimate, and introduces a level of understanding and closeness between these two Hamlets that trumps any production I've seen before, stage or screen. And Seago's Ghost remains a powerful presence even when offstage, with Donohue grasping his memories with intermittent episodes of signing throughout the play.
It's apparent that this Hamlet is an isolated prince. The production begins before the proverbial curtain, which is a theme this season, as all the shows begin with some sort of action on the stage prior to the play's actual start. This offers a prologue, of sorts, with an added scene of what happens in Hamlet's universe before Shakespeare's play begins. Well done.
But then we have to start defining things. The who's, the why's, and the what's. We get that Hamlet's in mourning, although Donohue could easily liaison as a secret service agent in his current state of dress. But what about Horatio? I found myself asking my own, "Who's there?" as Horatio, played by Armando Durán, comes into the scene, only recognizable by his lines. He seems more early 1970's Vietnam veteran than Wittenburg scholar, and he's erratically physical, cloudy and barely present enough to seem important. But in this production, Horatio is not the orator, and for some reason he is not trusted to tell Hamlet's story.
I don't get it.
Jeffrey King as Claudius is vulgar and pompous and doesn't even try to toss on a facade of care and kingship. He seems like a rich brat who had his glory days back in college, and now he just drinks and has ski weekends and I'm not all too sure why, but he attempts to murder Laertes a couple of times, perhaps the purpose lying in the gasps of audience reaction. Maybe Rauch just wants to make sure we absolutely despise Claudius, because the reasons Shakespeare gives us—murdering his brother, marrying his brother's wife, and attempting to murder Hamlet—just don't cut the mustard. His own soliloquy is defeated by setting it in the bathroom, King's final words spoken while sitting on the pot. Okay, his offense is rank. Okay, it smells to high heaven. Must we be literal?
I don't get it.
Greta Oglesby plays the part of Gertrude, and I mean that she absolutely plays the part. It's apparent this is an actress playing a role and thus it's just plain boring. The bedroom scene adds intrigue, however, but the purpose is left dangling in the wind of an idea. What are the implications of Gertrude actually seeing the Ghost of her dead husband during this scene? It's an interesting idea, but Rauch doesn't apply any effect to this cause. Are we supposed to suppose Gertrude is a conspirator to her husband's murder? Are we supposed to hate her, too?
I don't get it.
What I do get is the touching and beautiful relationship between brother and sister team Laertes and Ophelia, played by David DeSantos and Susannah Flood, respectively. They are playful and loving and you'll get that each cares about the other—a crucial aspect in this play if we're to feel our heartstrings pull if not yank during Ophelia's mad scene, as in this production, the Hamlet/Ophelia love affair is not all too clear. Why did you cut a line from Hamlet's love poem to Ophelia, and why does Ophelia seem so flippant about the whole thing?
I don't get it.
The best part of this production is this family trio, led by Richard Elmore's perfect presentation of Polonius. He plays the role in a traditional manner and stands out from the rest of the very non-traditional cast. Blathering on at some point about the sun and the moon, day and night, but never deemed the fool. He doesn't have much control over his daughter, as this Ophelia resists and talks back, preferring to garden in her jeans, flannel shirt and rubber boots versus obey her father. I don't get why Ophelia's wardrobe markedly improves with her madness, mirroring the black suit and shades of the mourning Hamlet, but direction is not at all in question as Oglesby, in muddied dress, retells the drowning of the fair Ophelia. Like a well-choreographed spirit, under the direction of this show's choreographer, Rokafella, Flood washes into the scene and creates a magnificent dumb show of her own death.
I like that Donohue does his "To be or not to be" soliloquy as a true soliloquy, but Rauch relies on technology once again and wires Ophelia as Claudius and Polonius listen in FBI style. But the part I don't get is why Hamlet is so angry at Ophelia when she reveals she's been bugged. And then if he's going to feel so angry and betrayed, why is Ophelia so surprised that Hamlet would be upset? It seems everyone knows too much to be so shocked all the time.
The ever-important Yorick moment is… well… I don't get it. Gravediggers one (Bill Geisslinger) and two, played with amazing timing by the fabulous Josiah Phillips, are entertaining, although Geisslinger needs to slow down on delivery if he wants his jokes to pack a punch. Donohue and Geisslinger have great rapport, but when Donohue recalls his memories of Yorick and speaks those poignant words about death and the inevitable, the scene lacks conviction and understanding. Donohue doesn't even look into the face of this emblem of death. This is a pivotal moment in the play, and without it, how is Hamlet supposed to turn and act. The epiphany is lost.
And ohhhhh my, I do not get the Players.
Rauch takes one hundred percent responsibility for turning the players into DJ rap star dancers with lots of pimp bling, flash and pizzazz, fit for the club scene I tend to avoid. As a result, Hecuba is lost. The play within the play is lost. Both lost in the too-loud raping/dancing/glittering interpretation of these ever-important scenes. The words are gone. Lost is Hamlet's ideal vision of women in these scenes, and thus lost is the opposing view of what he sees in Gertrude and in effect, Ophelia. Lost is any cause to his affect.
While U. Jonathan Toppo's fight direction is exciting and well-executed by Donohue and DeSantos, the final nail in this coffin is Hamlet's death scene. It's emotional, or should be. He is dying, or should be. We want to care. We want to cry, even, but how can we when Hamlet interrupts his own death scene by standing up and adding a freeze frame soliloquy to Shakespeare's perfect seven before going back to finish dying? No matter if what Donohue relays is important to Rauch's interpretation of the play, there has got to be a better way to get this information across.
I don't get it.
Like so much else in this show that has all the makings of something big, this production of Hamlet is best left in silence.
Hamlet runs February 26 – October 30, 2010 at the Oregon Shakespeare Festival, Angus Bowmer Theatre, 15 S. Pioneer Street, Ashland, OR 97520. Information can be found at http://www.osfashland.org/index.aspx.


text:
Copyright © University of Cambridge. All rights reserved.
'Arrow Arithmetic 1' printed from http://nrich.maths.org/
Show menu
Emanuel has yet another set of solutions to these 3 problems. He ignores the length of the arrows but uses the direction! I suspect that completes the set of plausible solutions here.
We will ignore the length of an arrow in order to simplify the problem. Basing on traditional number line an arrow pointing upwards or to the right can represent a plus (+), and an arrow pointing downwards or the left can represent a minus (-).
From above the answer for question 1 is 3.
The first arrow of question 2 can represent 0 because it is halfway between +1 and 1.
The second arrow is -1 and the third also is 0 since its halfway between 1 and -1.
The result for question 2 therefore is -1
The third question is actually -1 + 1 which is 0.
Can you now interpret Sam, Tim and Hannah's solutions according to whether they pay attention to arrow length and arrow direction or not?


text:
Route Grade Votings
Adjacent Routes
A wild route in an impressive position taking the huge arete. For those climbing at this level, the steep crack just round to the left is the equally amazing Glyder Crack, which goes at E6 6b. The route has some pegs but reaching the first is really committing. Start from the belay on top of P1 of Direct Route, left of the arete. Climb up and rightwards passing a rather disappointing micro-wire placement. Make a desperate reach for the first peg. Climb the arete with a detour onto the right-hand face at the first overlap. Move up to a break and follow it rightwards before heading back left to another gripper-clipper for a peg. Technical climbing leads to a flake up and left. The arete and wall are followed to the top where you can collapse onto the spacious ledge - the Veranda.
USER COMMENTSNo comments on this route. Login to your ROCKFAX account to add your comments - Search for comments.


text:
THIEVES have duped a Hampshire pensioner.
A group of four rogue traders called at the home of a 71-year-old man over a period of two days offering to do unnecessary repairs to his property in Oak Road, Fareham.
The victim was duped into withdrawing a substantial amount of money from his bank account to cover the cost of the repairs.
This money was subsequently stolen by one of the offenders leaving the victim with the repairs partially completed.
Detective Constable Julie Way from Fareham police station said: "This is an awful crime against a vulnerable elderly male."
Police are appealing for witnesses and anyone else who has been approached recently by a cold caller offering maintenance or repair work.
Anyone who has information should Call DC Way on 101 or you can call Crimestoppers anonymously on 0800 555 111.


text:
Photographer's Note
The Cardiff Bay Pierhead building is situated on the waterfront at Cardiff Bay, Cardiff South Wales. The Pierhead is an attractive building made of glazed terracotta bricks, like lego blocks but more attractive. Look closely and you will find hexagonal chimneys, some grand looking gargoyles, and an ornamental clock tower. It was built in 1897 and designed by William Frame as a replacement for the headquarters of the Bute Dock Company that burnt down in 1892. The glazed terracotta bricks lend themselves to the highly decorative French-Gothic style of the building and have contributed toward the Grade 1 listing of this fine structure. The clay-based terracotta was supplied by JC Edwards & Co of Acrefair near Ruabon in Wrexham where once more than 2,000 people were involved in the trade, with Ruabon known as "Terracottapolis". It is a pity that the powers that be could not have given the Grade 1 protection to similar terracotta buildings.(In Colwyn Bay we had a beautiful Chapel in the west end of the town built in the same terracotta brickwork, this was demolished by Anwyl builders to make way for some bland apartments named Capel Cwrt ..it should be named "Knocked Down Capel Cwrt"!). Getting back to the Pierhead ...it became the administrative office for the Port of Cardiff in 1947 and is now the location of an events and visitor attraction. It contains a number of films and exhibits exploring Welsh history as well as spaces to function as venues for public debate and assembly-sponsored events. One exhibition showcases artefacts including the Pennal Letter sent by Prince of Wales Owain Glyndwr to Charles VI of France in 1406. Another features an audio-visual display of Welsh heroes - people who have made significant contributions to Wales' cultural and political identity.....
Critiques | Translate
Zengi001 (2837) 2012-04-02 1:45
Hallo Assi,
Eye-catching red color, nice composition.
Thanks for sharing,
Best Regards,
jhm (167596) 2012-04-02 3:16
Hello Assi,
Thank you very much for, your interesting note.
Technical a very well picture with pleasant colors.
I like the enlightenment and the spectacular light management totally.
Lovely depth and perspective, splendid done, TFS.
Have a nice week,
berek (50508) 2012-04-02 20:23
Hi Assi
superb graphic image of the front section. of course, a very nice looking, red building in the background .
I wish a great week.
Photo Information
- Copyright: Assi Dvilanski (asival) (5307)
- Genre: Places
- Medium: Color
- Date Taken: 2011-03-27
- Categories: Castles
- Camera: Canon EOS 50D, Canon 17-40mm f/4 L USM
- Exposure: f/18.0, 1/250 seconds
- More Photo Info: view
- Photo Version: Original Version
- Date Submitted: 2012-04-02 1:27


text:
Bellflower High School's baseball team recorded its fifth consecutive shutout Saturday by beating the host Trailblazers 3-0 at the Durango Tournament in Las Vegas. Senior Ricky Serrano threw a complete game, struck out five and walked one. Ricky Ramos and Sebastian Sanchez had two hits apiece and Sanchez drove in a run.
Madison 7, Mayfair 1 >> The Monsoons were out-hit only 9-8 but fell in a loss at the San Diego Lions Tournament. Mayfair (10-6) will face Grossmont at noon today.
La Mirada 15, Glenn 0 >> Valerie Alvarado and Stephanie Baro combined for a no-hitter as the Matadores cruised at home. The La Mirada totaled 14 hits, including doubles by Annie DiPillo, Jessica Gutierrez and Monica Navarrete, who led the way with three RBIs. La Mirada will play at Glenn on Thursday.
St. Anthony 12, St. Genevieve 4 >> Amethyst Bernard earned the complete-game win for the Saints and Amanda McCalip went 3 for 5 with a two-run homer and three runs scored. Tatiana Magana delivered two sacrifice bunts in the third and fourth innings to spark St. Anthony.
St Joseph 3, La Salle 2 >> Erica Wendt singled in Giana Lopez with the winning run as the Jesters improved to 11-7.
Boys golf
Wilson 358, Mater Dei 365 >> The Bruins (15-1) picked up their 15th consecutive victory by handing the Monarchs (11-1) their first loss of the season at Par-72 Recreation Park golf course. Wilson posted a 2-under-par team total behind junior Jack Hayes, who shot a season-best 3-under 69 en route to medalist honors. Marcus De La Rosa was the low finisher for Mater Dei with a 70. Wilson will face Poly in an 18-hole Moore League match today at 2:30 p.m. at Rec Park.
Orange Lutheran 202, St. John Bosco 208 >> Glenn Himan and Charles Hughes each shot 3-over 38 for the Braves at Los Coyotes Golf Course. Bosco fell to 6-11 overall and 0-6 in Trinity League competition.
Poly 16, Cabrillo 5 >> Poly improved to 11-0 with the win on the road. The duos of Vattanak Ry-Amanda Phou (2-0), Karl Luciano-Kristine Nguyen (2-0) and Andy Nguyen-Jessica Tauch (1-0) were a combined 5-0 in mixed doubles and Ry, Kristine Nguyen and Phou were all perfect in singles. Cabrillo is 9-5 overall and 8-3 in the Moore League.
College softball
LBCC 2, L.A. Harbor 0 >> The Vikings (20-17, 10-9 SCC) scored both runs in the bottom of the fourth inning on doubles from Reina Bernal and Melyssa Rivas en route to the win in their final home game of the regular season. Long Beach City still is battling for a postseason berth and will play at Mt. San Antonio on Thursday and El Camino on Tuesday.


text:
Head on over to Sharon's blog to read all the details and see her fabulous sample!
I used Unity's KOM and a non traditional Valentine color combo. I have been enjoying them more and more lately-
Make sure to upload using keyword ssnotime121- and here are the rest:
- Michelle Woerner, Guest Designer
- Jennifer Buck
- Janine Orchard
- Julie Koerber
- Tammy Hershberger
- Deb Saaranen
- Barbara Anders
- Jenny Gropp
- Barb Schram
enjoy! Pin It Now!


text:
Eagles Park Region wrestling champions, Novak, Harper, Roberts take home titles
LONG PRAIRIE --Shane Novak was named Outstanding Wrestler for the second time this season and Jeremiah Harper and Maison Roberts also garnered individual conference titles to lead the Eagles to the Park Region Conference Championship Saturday in Long Prairie.
"We had a good practice room during the week, prepared well and wrestled up to our seeds," Eagles Head Coach Eric Niemi said.
Novak, ranked #1 in Class A, breezed to the 113-pound title. After a first round bye, he defeated Miguel Ambriz of Long Prairie-Grey Eagle by fall at 47 seconds.
In the final, versus United North Central's Tommy Tellers, Novak dominated the match leading 4-1 after the first period, 13-1 after the second, before taking the title by technical fall by a score of 16-1.
The conference championship was the fourth for Novak. He joins Jason Burg as the only other New York Mills' wrestler with four titles.
Peter Mursu and Mike Weller each have five PRC titles.
Jeremiah Harper preceded Novak in the 106-pound class and got the Eagles off to a quick start in the finals.
Harper advanced out of the first round on a default by Joe Jenson of Royalton-Upsala, before narrowly defeating Tom Leeseberg of Parkers Prairie 5-4 in the semis.
Harper had little trouble in the finals defeating Osakis' Trenton Coyer 14-6.
Maison Roberts made it three-for-three in championship matches with an Eagle wrestler.
Roberts took the 138-pound title via pins in both the semifinals and the finals.
A first round bye set Roberts up against Browerville/Eagle Valley's Tylor Kent. Roberts pinned Kent in 1:02 and did nearly the same thing versus West Central Area's Royal Crow in the finals pinning Crow in 1:11.
NY Mills had three other wrestlers, looking for individual titles, who came away with runners-up points.
Tyler Ehnert pinned Jorge Botello (LPGE) at 1:30 in the quarterfinals and won a 6-2 decision over Parkers Prairie's Bryce Looker in the semis.
In the finals, Royalton-Upsala's Andy Poster took a 4-1 first period lead and put up more points in the second heading into the third period up 11-3.
Ehnert struggled to score in the third period culminating in a 13-4 decision in favor of Poster.
Michael Meyer advanced to the finals of the 152-pound class and held his own in the final.
West Central Area's Kyle Martineau scored a late reversal in the first period to level the match at two points each. Martineau took control in the second upping his lead to 7-2, before winning by decision 9-2.
Meyer advanced by pinning Nick Bennett of Bertha-Hewitt/Verndale at 1:53 in the quarterfinals.
Meyer won a tight 6-5 decision over United North Central's Dylan Huttunen in the semis.
Noah Pesola, ranked #10 in Class A at 195 pounds, wrestled down a class at 182 and reached the finals where he faced Bertha-Hewitt/Verndale's #6-ranked Dillon Card.
Card led 2-0 after the first period. Pesola escaped for the only point in the second period, but Card hung on for a 4-2 decision.
The Eagles had 12 wrestlers place.
"There were some good close matches that I think we should have won but that gives us something to take back to the room and make us a better team in the coming weeks," said Niemi. "You're always looking for one more champ or another high wrestle back finish but in the end our guys got the job done."
Tyler Patron, ranked #10 at 182 pounds wrestled up at 195 pounds and came away with the Eagles' only third place finish.
Patron pinned LPGE's Ben Frieler at 1:29 before losing to eventual runner-up Taylor Carlson, of United North Central, 6-5 in the semifinals.
Patron reeled off two more victories over Ottertail Central's Aaron Bengston by fall at 2:30. Patron won the third place match over Osakis' Cody Adolphson by decision 4-1.
Austin Haman finished in fourth place at 120 pounds. Haman lost a 1-0 decision in his first match to Gage Odegaard (WCA).
He defeated Osakis' Ryan Larson by fall at 4:43; then Brad Kroll of Royalton-Upsala 4-3 to advance to the third place match where he met Odegaard again.
Odegaard came out on top 5-3. Haman trailed 3-1 in the second after a scoreless first period. He nearly scored points in the third to tie the match but an Odegaard takedown at 5:15 made the score 5-2. Haman closed to 5-3 and both wrestlers faced each other with 5.1 seconds remaining where a quick Haman takedown could have sent the match to extra time.
Taylor Ericksrud, 132 pounds, Gunner Flynn, 160 pounds, and Max Carlson, 220 pounds all finished in fifth place. Andrew Mindermann was sixth at 145 pounds.
The Eagles team finished with a total point score of 186. Osakis was second with 152.5.
"We wrestled a solid tournament."
The New York Mills Eagles Cheerleaders also got in on the championship titles bringing home the tournament Spirit Award.


text:
I need account
I want to buy a studypool tutor account. If you want to sell then I will buy it at a good price. If you want to sell then contact email - firstname.lastname@example.com and whatsapp - +918670378388 thanks :)
Tutor Answer
Brown University
1271 Tutors
California Institute of Technology
2131 Tutors
Carnegie Mellon University
982 Tutors
Columbia University
1256 Tutors
Dartmouth University
2113 Tutors
Emory University
2279 Tutors
Harvard University
599 Tutors
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2319 Tutors
New York University
1645 Tutors
Notre Dam University
1911 Tutors
Oklahoma University
2122 Tutors
Pennsylvania State University
932 Tutors
Princeton University
1211 Tutors
Stanford University
983 Tutors
University of California
1282 Tutors
Oxford University
123 Tutors
Yale University
2325 Tutors


text:
LawPro Magazine: WORK & WELLNESS
This issue contains useful information on finding work/life balance.
more »
Planning a Sabbatical
You can break the cycle of working ever harder to acquire more. Take a sabbatical and return ready to get untangled from all of your "stuff."
more »
Overcoming Depression
Depression is not just a problem in the legal profession--it's a five-alarm fire. Recovery involves a mix of healthy strategies.
more »
Going Solo with Work-Life Balance
Learn how to go solo and maintain a work-life balance
more »
The Families of Solos and Small Firm Practitioners
Setting personal goals within your practice and your family can free you from the tyranny of circumstances and the mood swings that come from cycles of gains and losses.
more »
JD Bliss
by Joshua Fruchter
Blog on balancing life and the practice of law.
more »
Explore additional marketing, technology and practice management resources.
Return to home


text:
Natalie Frazier was not aware that she was within matches of reaching a milestone in her career until one of her coaches told her last week.
Frazier, a senior, is one victory away from 100 career wins in her four years at Georgia. She jumped from No. 44 to No. 11 in singles in the Fila/Intercollegiate Tennis Association rankings this week, is 5-0 this season and on an eight-match winning streak.
"Now that I know about it I'm going to go and try and win every match," Frazier said. "I love setting records. I want us to win the NCAAs so bad it's ridiculous. I want to win the SEC too."
Frazier hopes her success on the court this spring can propel her to a spot on the U.S. National Team this summer. But Frazier, who is majoring in accounting, landed an internship with Ryan and Company in Atlanta for the summer, with plans to take a class and play in professional tournaments.
When Georgia coach Jeff Wallace recruited Frazier at Marist, her potential impressed him. Her passion and competitive nature continued as he has coached her the past four years, and he values her leadership as one of only two seniors on this year's team.
"She has a desire to get out and play hard," Wallace said. "She is constantly competing, every day. She has good focus. On the practice court and in matches, she is driven and focused on the task at hand, which has helped her achieve the success that she has."
Kelley Hyndman, a junior teammate from Bradenton, Fla., and Frazier became fast friends as roommates Hyndman's freshman year.
"She gives 100 percent every point. You know what you are going to get with Natalie," Hyndman said.
Achievements have filled Frazier's career, including beating 2005 NCAA singles champion Zuzana Zemenova this year. In 2006 she was first-team All-SEC, and she was named to the SEC Good Works Team, second-team Arthur Ashe Sports Scholar and was a National Sportsmanship Award Winner.
Her favorite highlight was beating fourth-ranked Cristelle Grier to help Georgia upset Northwestern in the National Team Indoors and advance to a No. 2 national ranking in 2005.
Frazier shares her love for tennis with her mom Verna Stoner, and her sister Felicia, who is a sophomore at Temple. Frazier said she loved tennis when she was younger because her mom was so excited about her playing, and she can still tell her mom gets nervous when she watches her play.
"My mom is one of my best friends. We act just alike. She thinks the same way I do," Frazier said.
As an older sister, she said she tends to give her sister advice on the court that Felicia may not want. As a senior leader Frazier sometimes has that same attitude toward her teammates, but they take it in stride.
"I like being a senior because I've been through it. I can help the girls," Frazier said. "They know they can call me for anything. I may be too motherly at times, but they take it well. It's good. I'm not getting on their nerves."
Whether shooting for a milestone or not, Frazier goes after her goals with her whole heart. On the court, in the classroom or serving in the community, she excels at everything she does.
"It shows how good of a career she has had at Georgia. She didn't even know about (the 100 wins). It doesn't affect her too much," Hyndman said. "She still does her best every match."
© 2017. All Rights Reserved. | Contact Us


text:
Back in our December issue (which went to press in late November), we reported that the "official" numbers from the 2010 census had been released and the numbers weren't good, with the George River herd then estimated at just 74,131 animals. To put that in perspective, a similar 1993 census placed the same herd at 776,000-plus animals. By 2001, the number was about 450,000.
Bad weather postponed a scheduled 2010 census of the Leaf River herd, which mingles with the George River herd over part of its range but migrates farther west toward the shores of James Bay. It was rescheduled for 2011. At this time, the best guesstimates for the Leaf River herd place the population above 250,000 animals, though it's clear that this herd, too, is in long-term decline.
The news seemed so dire for the George River herd that Labrador, which shares the herd with Quebec, delayed opening their caribou season in August, based, it appears, on informed speculation that the numbers were going to be bad. When the official results came in early November, Labrador curtailed all non-resident caribou hunting with outfitters, suspended all commercial hunting and the resident license transfer system (which allowed any resident of Labrador to legally transfer their two-caribou license to another resident). Additionally, the allowable harvest was reduced to one caribou per licensed hunter.
Quebec was widely expected to take quick action in December, but a meeting of all the involved parties (Quebec wildlife officials, outfitters, Native leaders) just before........(continued)


text:
Rains and wind have led to several outages and accidents this morning.
The Pacific Gas and Electric Company website shows outages affecting 32 customers in Westhaven and 43 customers in Arcata.
The website reports smaller outages in Blue Lake, Eureka and Hydesville.
The morning has seen several crashes, including a major injury crash near Willits. The California Highway Patrol is still working on the crash, which involved a single vehicle and sent one person to the hospital. More details are expected to be released later today.
Emergency crews are also responding to a crash near the College of the Redwoods offramp on U.S. Highway 101.
Reports indicate a red SUV overturned off an embankment on the northbound side.
CHP Sgt. Hal Rosenthal said no one was injured in the crash, and that the roadway is not blocked.
The National Weather Service has issued high wind warnings for elevations above 2,000 feet, and a wind advisory for coastal Humboldt and Del Norte counties.


text:
Campus Sustainability Initiatives
Student Projects
In keeping with our Jesuit, Catholic and humanistic mission, Gonzaga University takes seriously its solemn responsibility to safeguard the integrity of our natural world for present and future generations and is committed to being a leader in responsible environmental stewardship.
Through our mission, we are called to care for creation and be responsible stewards of our resources. Through this, we have a teachable moment to make our buildings living laboratories for the best available sustainable technologies and practices. Buildings that are sustainable and visioned for the long-term is one way that Gonzaga University expresses care for our common home.
Dining Services
Details on our efforts in Dining Services is coming soon!
For Gonzaga University, it is important to be mindful of how we use our resources efficiently and effectively. In light of the growing pressures of global climate change, is exploring options to power the campus with less carbon intensive sources energy.
Gonzaga University has taken the following steps to be mindful of our energy and resource use:
Caring for our soils and landscapes is a critical part of how we respond to our missioned call to respect the planet. Gonzaga works diligently to balance the beauty of its landscapes with practices that cause the least harm.
Information Technology
Technology provides an incredible opportunity to better understand the problems we face and make strategic decisions to address them. At the same time, failing to use the best available technology can lead to IT becoming a large source of an institutions carbon footprint. Gonzaga is working to limit that impact by making smart decisions on future purchases and current practices.
What we purchase speaks so much to our commitment to being in balance with our world. At Gonzaga, we make purchasing decisions that are intentional and sustainable.
Waste Reduction, Recycling, and Composting
Recycling at GU
Student Projects
Gonzaga Environmental Organization (GEO)
The Gonzaga Environmental Organization exists to promote the creation of a greener campus and community, the protection and enhancement of nature, and education about and enjoyment of our environment, all through action and leadership.
For more information please visit the GEO facebook page
GU Outdoors
GU Outdoors provides students with an opportunity to explore the wild areas surrounding Spokane with trips for rafting, backpacking, snowshoeing, etc. It gives them the chance to learn skills related to these activities as well as to learn about the wildlife and ecology of the Inland Northwest.
For more information about GU Outdoors contact David Gilbert email@example.com, visit them in the basement of Crosby, or see the GU Outdoors website
Environmental Law Caucus
The Environmental Law Caucus fosters a greater awareness of the environment and its conservation through events designed to enhance our community. Through social and educational functions, students will learn more about the Pacific Northwest and may even identify a new area of interest within the law as well. The Environmenta Law Caucus helps promote community, friendship, and an appreciation of the environment. All students are welcome to join.
For more information please visit the Environmental Law Caucus page
GU Ethical Awareness Together (E.A.T)
E.A.T. serves as a resource and a voice for students who seek to understand the ethical implications of our eating habits or gain better knowledge of nutrition. E.A.T is also a vehicle of change toward a sustainable and ethically just food system. A student run initiative E.A.T strives to educate students about our current food system at Gonzaga and its implications on campus and in our greater Spokane community, as well as the affects of our personal eating habits on our bodies, our communities, and our earth . As a student movement, we will work to align our food system with our University Mission Statement.
For more information contact firstname.lastname@example.com
GU Without Borders
Gonzaga Without Borders is dedicated to educating students and faculty about international service and global engagement. GWB is working on a long term international development project and monthly local community service.
For more information contact email@example.com
Net Impact
The Gonzaga University Undergraduate Net Impact Chapter provides students with the resources and opportunities necessary to be active, informed global citizens and powerful catalysts for social good throughout their careers and their lives. Our goal is to help you discover your passion and then plug you in with opportunities to use your talents to work towards your passion.
For more information visit the netimpact.org or send questions to firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Tampa Bay Buccaneers' Martin selected to Pro Bowl
MOBILE, Ala. - A casual dinner out with some old college friends near the Boise State campus turned into a celebration for Tampa Bay Buccaneers rookie running back Doug Martin on Sunday night. Martin, whose 1,926 all-purpose yards were the third most ever for an NFL rookie, was added to the NFC squad for next Sunday's Pro Bowl game in Honolulu, Hawaii, the league announced. "I was just getting ready to go to dinner with some friends when we heard the news,'' Martin told the Tampa Tribune. "Now we're going to have a little bit of a celebration. "I'm very excited. I knew there was a 50-50 chance that I could make it. I figured if I didn't, I'd just wait and try again next year, but now I get to go this year and I'm really looking forward to it.''Martin, who was named a first alternate at the running back position after fan, player and coach balloting ended, made the team because San Francisco 49ers running back Frank Gore is headed to the Super Bowl. He becomes the third Bucs player to reach the Pro Bowl this year. Defensive tackle Gerald McCoy made the original roster while wide receiver Vincent Jackson also made the team as an alternate. This marks the first time since 2008, when cornerback Ronde Barber, linebacker Derrick Brooks, guard Davin Joseph and return man Clifton Smith made the team that the Bucs have sent at least three players to the Pro Bowl. Martin was drafted 30th overall last April and broke into the Bucs starting lineup immediately, starting all 16 games and finishing the season with a Bucs rookie record 1,454 rushing yards. Martin also amassed 472 receiving yards and scored 12 touchdowns (11 rushing), making him the most productive rookie since Edgerrin James, who accumulated 2,139 total yards for the Indianapolis Colts in 1999. Martin's 1,454 rushing yards were the fifth-most in the NFL this season, while his 11 rushing touchdowns tied for the fifth-most in the league. His 1,926 yards from scrimmage were the third-most in the NFL. Martin's breakout game came in Week 9 at Oakland, where he ran for 251 yards – the tenth-most in a single game in NFL history – and scored four touchdowns, the most by any player in the league this year. Martin's selection marks the fourth time in franchise history that Tampa Bay has sent a running back to the Pro Bowl joining Mike Alstott (1997-2002), Warrick Dunn (1997, 2000) and James Wilder (1984).
Trending Now


text:
Best apps for Mac 2013
Out of the box, your Mac is loaded with cool apps to get you started on stuff like uploading and organizing your digital images, creating a music library, making your own movies, and surfing the Web. But it doesn't come with everything. Click on the categories below to find our favorite, free apps for Mac. Let's get started.


text:
Cars > Challenges > "Gothic Smurf Mobile" Vs "The Bird"
Galesville, Wisconsin
United States
1996 Chevrolet Cavalier
"Gothic Smurf Mobile"
1989 Pontiac Firebird Formula
"The Bird"
Head to Head
About "Gothic Smurf Mobile"
Brought this car fab 7 2009.with an blown engine.188k miles on body and trans.new engine i paid $300 for with 70k miles.i didnt plan on doing any mods to it cause i figure i have it for a few months and sale for an car i wanted.but my friends had parts for it and so i started to modified it,well 1 thing leads to another to another to what it is now....i do all the work myself unless its something that requires an tool i do not have like exhaust,it is installed by an an local shop near me.it is an custom exhaust 2 1/4 from the header back .it is an cat back exhaust..with an high performance fartcan muffler.no ebay cheapo's.
most of the parts i buy are used,cant really afford brand new parts and some parts are damage, so with used its not an total loss like body kits if it gets damage which it does alot.i wont be losing 1000's some dollors,only a few hundred.
just recently sanded it down and primied it all.8 cans of primier and about 22 hours into that
as of now.with new parts i had replaced,and modified parts like body kit.rims,audio etc,,,,i have a little over 3400 dollors into it,if i brought all new i be close to 6k in parts.
it is still under construction.and will be for quite some time yet,
so check back for updates and new progress pictures
About "The Bird"
I bought the car in 1992 when I got out of the Air Force. It was previously owned by a GM Executive in Illinois. Currently has about 62,000 miles. Everything is original, even down to the paint.
Specs for "Gothic Smurf Mobile"
stock 2.2 ohc
about 130ish hp
top speed i had it to 102 mph already
0-60 14 secs so far
Specs for "The Bird"
305 5.0 Liter Engine
Factory Options for "Gothic Smurf Mobile"
stock..to much stock
like to have factory power doors.
power window
power locks
power mirrors
Factory Options for "The Bird"
Air Conditioning
WS6 Performance Suspension
Bose Sound System
Electric Windows
Electric Mirrors
Cruise Control
Mods for "Gothic Smurf Mobile"
drift body kit
altezza tail light
scoote 2 hood
grand prix fender flares
terminator spoiler
Enkei 17x7 rims
m3 mirrors with led blinkers
axle style 8000 hids
pilot 2 inch fog lights
universal carnard bumper splitters
glow shift blue wheel well l'e'd
glowshift strobe light kit
glow shift triple a-piller pod
glow shift triple dash pod
glow shift blue interior l'e'd
r1 auto pedal
apc auto shift knob
white face hvac
96 cavalier cluster with tach
apc racing recline seats
RS TYPE blue battle/drift 320 mm steering wheel
Momo steering wheel hub adaptor
pace settle header 2 1.4''
option racing cold air intake
aero speed green air filter with led 3'' inch*painted blue*
jimmy west custom 2 1/4'' cat back full exhaust
2 1,4 inlet 4 inch outlet high performance fart can muffler
obx blue rad hose
chrome catch can
universal fuel pressure regulator
glow shift green wire loom
big 3 wire upgrade
pioneer speakers all around and radio
Sony 4 1200 watt subs
Sony 2 1200 watt 2 channel amps
0 gauge wire
sosche and stringer 4 gauge wire for both amps
i have some mods i like to do such as door handles and changing part of the dash
Mods for "The Bird"
Vortec Performance Exhaust
Photo Albums 1 – 2 of 14
Photo Albums 1 – 1 of 1
Vote This challenge has ended!
|Points for Gothic Smurf Mobile
|Total Votes
|Points for The Bird
Cars > Challenges > "Gothic Smurf Mobile" Vs "The Bird"


text:
First Trust claims jobs are secure in shake-up
First Trust has set it out its latest plans to slim down its bank branch network but said it won't make any compulsory redundancies.
Six branches of the high street bank have been earmarked for the axe as the wider effects of the economic downturn and the growth of online banking continue apace.
First Trust attribute the closures to "an ongoing restructuring programme".
It confirmed two branches in Belfast, at Cregagh Road and Fortwilliam, will close alongside branches in Holywood, Co Down, Ballyclare and Larne in Co Antrim, and Limavady in Co Londonderry.
The closures will take place over a phased basis by the end of June but the bank has stressed the 47 members of staff affected by the news will either be redeployed within the network or be offered voluntary severance packages.
A spokesman confirmed there will be no compulsory redundancies but could not rule out further closures in the future.
The Cregagh branch will be the first due to shut up shop on May 17, with Ballyclare following suit on May 24.
Limavady will close on May 31, Larne on June 14, Holywood on June 21, with Fortwilliam being the final one to close on June 28.
The business of the doomed branches will be transferred to the nearest branch.
The closures follow a similar blow to customers of Danske Bank who earlier this week discovered three branches in Co Down will wind up.
First Trust Managing Director Gerry McGinn said: "Regrettable as they are, the closures are part of an ongoing strategy to bring the bank back to a sustainable operating model.
"Like all retail businesses, we must constantly review our costs in order to move forward as a more streamlined and sustainable organisation."
Business carried out at the Cregagh branch will be taken over by staff at the Knock branch, while transactions in Holywood will be assumed by Bangor staff.
Responsibility for business in Limavady will transfer to Crescent Link in Derry's Waterside, Larne to Carrickfergus and Fortwilliam to Glengormley.
A helpline is to be offered to customers to answer queries on the transfer of their accounts.
Belfast Telegraph Digital


text:
'Salmond runs his party like a dictator'
FORMER SNP deputy leader Jim Sillars yesterday accused Alex Salmond of running his party like a dictator.
Mr Sillars also criticised backbenchers for not speaking out against their leaders, saying that there had not been any rebellion against policy and opinion for many years.
He said in a column in Holyrood magazine: "If I did not know better, I would easily believe the leaders had been schooled in the old communist party, where the top, the elite, made the decisions and the rest fell into step automatically, with not a word of dissent. Totalitarian would be a fair description of Scotland's majority party."
Mr Sillars, a former Labour MP who joined the SNP in the early 1980s and was the party's MP for Govan from 1988 to 1992, said it was not possible for all the SNP's MSPs to "be in total agreement with Salmond, Sturgeon and Swinney, yet no one has dared tell them to get lost".
Those willing to be told to shut up seem happy to wait until the leadership issue edicts and statements and follow whatever line is laid down for them
"Those willing to be told to shut up seem happy to wait until the leadership issue edicts and statements and follow whatever line is laid down for them," said Mr Sillars, who claimed the SNP's 67 MSPs "line up like soldiers on parade, emitting only one loyal cry 'ours not to reason why'."
He asked: "Was there not one of them who, when confronted with the single police force, gave some thought to the issue of civil liberties, and the potential danger of too concentrated a power in the coercive force of the state, and backed that thought with a challenge to the Government?
"There is a virtue in loyalty, but if loyalty is taken to a point where an MSP, or even worse, a whole group of them, cannot balance loyalty to party with loyalty to principle and the interests of the people, then it becomes dumb loyalty, and that leads inevitably to an intellectually dumb party."
Recently there has been opposition from within the SNP by those opposed to Mr Salmond's plans to end the party's opposition to Nato membership.
SNP Defence spokesman Angus Robertson will ask delegates at October's party conference to back the new pro-Nato stance, but faces opposition from a group led by MSP Jamie Hepburn.
Scottish Tory Constitution spokesman David McLetchie said: "The lack of dissent among SNP members is indicative of their slavish devotion to break up Britain."
An SNP spokeswoman said: "Jim Sillars is entitled to his view, but the record points in the opposite direction, as our debate on Nato membership at next month's conference demonstrates. We are going to have an excellent debate that reflects the democratic processes at the heart of the SNP."


text:
1. Regular national flag
The following description of the Icelandic national flag is given in Article 1 of the Flag Act No. 34/1944: "The blue hoist sections are square and the blue fly sections are the same width as the two squares, but twice as long. The red cross should be set in the centre of the white cross to form white stripes of an equal width along its sides. The width of the red cross should be 1/9 of the width of the flag, and the white stripes half as wide, i.e. 1/18 of the width of the flag."
The Flag Act states that the flag colours are "sky blue," fire red" and "snow white." To dispel any doubt concerning the colours, the SCOTDIC standard is now used as a reference, as stated in Announcement No. 6/1991 on the Icelandic Flag issued by the Prime Minister.
When printing the flag, every effort must be made to achieve the correct colours, but since they print differently depending on the type of paper, specific standards are difficult to proscribe.
Announcement No. 6/1991 states that details of the flag colours are provided by the Prime Minister's Office and Icelandic embassies abroad. Furthermore, the flag in its correct colours and proportions shall be on display in the National Museum of Iceland and in police stations.
2. State flag
The state flag (swallowtail flag) is the regular national flag with a swallowtail at the fly end. It differs from the national flag in that its fly end sections are three times the length of the hoist sections, with the fly end cut along straight lines drawn from its corners towards its centre line to intersect the inside border between the fly end sections at the point where 4/7 of their outer length and 3/7 of their inner length meet. The red cross is cut perpendicularly where these lines meet its arm.
3. Presidential flag
The flag of the President of Iceland is the state flag (swallowtail) figuring the Icelandic coat of arms where the arms of the cross meet, with shield bearers on a white rectangular field.
4. Customs flag
The customs flag is the state flag with a capital T (the Icelandic word for customs is "Tollur") in the centre of the canton. The T-form is silver. The height of the T is half the width of the canton.


text:
I enjoy Pepsi, beer, fast food, Star Trek, Linux and of course that wonderful item called a girlfriend. My website is called Capsi (capsi.com).
I think that Everything is the ultimate geek site and that I will get even less sleep now. Or, I will drink more cappuccino.
I live in The Netherlands near Rotterdam.
And right now I want a Bacon Whopper with Cheese.


text:
Forgot your password? Enter the email address you signed up with and we will send you a link to create a new password.
Your password reset has been submitted to the address provided.
Standard character mark
Providing on-line, non-downloadable predictive analytics software for use in the insurance industry
Business in Columbia, SC


text:
Join the Ginebra San Miguel Revolution this coming February 18, 2016 at 4PM in QC!
If you are interested to cover and write about the event, kindly fill out the form below and comment 'done' in our FB community status link that will be posted there to make sure that we have received your registration.
Shuttle will be provided and pickup points will be in Makati and QC. For full details, an event page was created for this event. Once confirmed, you will be added there.
Thank you!


text:
AUGUSTA, Ga. - Sergio Garcia has another nagging injury, and with the Masters about to start Thursday, the timing could not be worse. He has an infected nail in the middle finger of his left hand, which affects how strongly he grips the club.
"It's going to be uncomfortable," said Garcia, who wore a small bandage over the finger.
It's the same injury that Garcia dealt with last May when he had to withdraw from a British Open qualifier because of an infected nail. It was a low point for Garcia, until he narrowly got into the U.S. Open, then the British Open, and slowly worked his way back into the top 25 in the world ranking.
What that does for his chances at Augusta National remained a mystery.
He is getting treatment, though his practice round did not leave him very optimistic.
"It felt worse today than it did yesterday, but hopefully it will be better tomorrow," he said. "I can play. I won't quit. Even if it's painful, this is a tournament that should be played."


text:
Additional $942,000 in state money to be placed into fund balance
With an eye toward the future, Palmerton Area School District will designate $942,000 it received in additional state funds into its fund balance.
The school board, on an 8-0 vote at a special meeting on Tuesday, approved the disposition of the additional state funds to the assigned category of its fund balance. Director Darlene Yeakel was absent.
The board agreed to designate the funds to help offset projected increases in its retirement rate contributions, special education and Carbon Career & Technical Institute costs in 2012-13.
That decision came after financial consultant Donna Les reviewed cost estimates for the 2012-13 school year.
Les informed the board that state regulations call for the adoption of a preliminary budget by Jan. 25, 2012.
She said the district's current projected retirement rate contributions for 2012-13 is 12.19 percent, which would result in an estimated additional cost of $256,032. Further, Les said the district will need at least that much additional money in each of the next three years as the rates are projected to increase even more over that time.
Costs will also continue to increase for special education students, which Les estimated at a minimum additional budgetary cost of $400,000.
As for CCTI, Les said the district should anticipate, at minimum, a 10-percent increase in student enrollment.
Other potential increases Les mentioned were charter and cyber-charter schools ($250,000) and fuel ($69,000).
Les indicated that there are three exceptions available for school district use: retirement, special education and debt service.
However, she said the district doesn't qualify for the debt service exception because it has level debt service
Also, the special education exception was modified to net the district expenses with the state revenue; therefore, Les said the index calculation is taken on a much smaller number, which provides less in exception value.
In addition, she said the retirement exception was also modified to use as a calculator the smaller wage base between the 2009-10 and 2010-11 school years.
Additionally, Les said that for the six months of 2011, the statewide average weekly wage and the federal employment cost index averaged 1 percent. With the second half of the year expected to be very close the first half, the index will be somewhere in the 1 percent to 1.2 percent range, which she said would drive an adjusted index of somewhere between 1.3 and 1.6 percent.
If that occurs, the estimated millage value increase would be between .638 mill and .786 mill, which Les said would result in an estimated dollar value of $182,260 to $224,540.
Les said the district is also faced with a large step movement for which seven teachers would qualify $86,382); salary increases $87,762); support staff contract increase ($98,655); administrative contract increase ($29,115); and the replacement of four retiring teachers with first year staff ($275,604). However, there is an estimated savings of $729,355 based upon seven retirements with no replacements, she said.
What that all means, Les said, is that the district could be faced with a potential budget shortfall of between $840,821 to $883,101.
Much like Les, Superintendent Carol Boyce suggested the board designate the $942,000 in the district's fund balance.
"The big storm is yet to come," Boyce said. "I think the prudent thing is to put it into fund balance."
Board President Barry Scherer concurred with that sentiment, and added "the picture's not getting any rosier."
Last month, the board, on a 5-4 vote, agreed to adopt the 2011-12 budget in the amount of $26,595,297.
That spending plan calls for a 12.6-percent, or 5.506-mill increase, that will raise the millage rate from 43.64 to 49.14 mills.
That means a person with a home valued at $100,000 and assessed at $50,000 will pay $2,457, or $277 more in property taxes to the district next year.


text:
Alternative Title: HDCV
Learn about this topic in these articles:
use in rabies treatment
Active immunization with rabies vaccine should also be initiated to allow the patient's body to make its own antibody. The safest and most effective vaccines are human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV), purified chick embryo cell culture (PCEC), and rabies vaccine adsorbed (RVA). With older vaccines, at least 16 injections were required, whereas with HDCV, PCEC, or RVA, 5 are usually sufficient....


text:
WILMINGTON, NC (NEWS RELEASE) — The University of North Carolina Wilmington has maintained its top fifteen ranking
The news arrives on the heels of rankings from Colleges of Distinction
US News & World Report's regional list is comprised of schools that provide a full range of undergraduate majors and master's programs in four geographic regions – North, South, Midwest and West.
"UNCW has just welcomed our largest freshman class, with record SAT scores and GPAs, so this honor from US News & World Report is particularly well-timed – in addition to being a point of deep pride for our faculty and students," said Chancellor Gary L. Miller. "Being singled out by our peers at similar institutions is a great measure of our progress as a public university, and only inspires us to continue to grow as a campus, to offer our students even more meaningful educational experiences, and to seek and retain world-class faculty and staff at every turn."
For the first time, UNCW has more than 14,000 enrolled students, up 5.7 percent from last year. Incoming freshmen have an average SAT score of 1190 and GPA of 4.06. Additionally, the University has also seen an increase in the number of applicants.
The Princeton Review


text:
Pierce-Arrow for Sale
Selected Filters:Type of Ad: Vehicles for Sale Make: Pierce-Arrow
1934 Pierce-Arrow
Draper, UT
1934 Pierce Arrow | Ardell Brown Classic Cars www.ardellscars.com/1934-pierce-arrow/ 1934 Pierce Arrow 12 Special Sanction 2999 This is a one-off a kind car built by... More
1936 Pierce-Arrow Twelve Town Car
St. Louis, MO
In 1930 Cadillac spawned a multi-cylinder race among manufacturers with Packard and Lincoln quick to respond to Cadillacs own Sixteen with their own V12... More
Advertiser since 1990
1929 Pierce-Arrow 133 Sport Roadster
Holly, MI
An excellent 1929 Pierce Arrow Sport Roadster. This car is from southern California, it never had nor has any rust, it was found in... More
1926 Pierce-Arrow 80 Runabout Deluxe
Brooksville, FL
1926 Pierce Arrow Runabout, 2014 Bernard Weis award winner in Warwick RI, 2015 and 2016 Rossenour recipient. Correct ground up restoration in 2014. Rare... More
1935 Pierce-Arrow 1245 7 Passenger Sedan
Wilton, NH
1935 Pierce-Arrow Model 1245 7 Passenger Sedan . 144" Wheelvbase. V12 Motor. Black Exterior. Grey Interior. 95 % complete. Not Running. Stored indoors since... More
1933 Pierce-Arrow 836
North Las Vegas, NV
1933 Pierce Arrow 836 Convertible Coupe Roadster This Pierce Arrow was found in a barn in dry climate has oil pressure and compression. Has... More
1931 Pierce-Arrow Eight Club Sedan
St. Louis, MO
1931 Pierce-Arrow 8-43 Club Sedan Out of the John Porbeck Estate, right here in St. Louis Missouri John owned this Pierce since 1997 Older correct restoration that... More
Advertiser since 1987
1933 Pierce-Arrow 1245
San Carlos, CA
Taken from previous seller's description - This lovely 1933 Pierce Arrow Model 836 rumble seat coupe is one of just four known to exist... More
1935 Pierce-Arrow Twelve V-12 Limousine
1935 Pierce Arrow V-12 Limousine. Older Restoration; needs some work and attention; has been in storage for many years and rarely driven. 1986... More
1937 Pierce-Arrow 1703 Closed Cab Limo
Graham, NC
This remarkable Imperial Salon, 7-passenger, enclosed-drive Opera Limousine model 1703 is one of the finest automobiles ever produced in its time. Powering the car... More
1913 Pierce-Arrow 66A 7 Passenger Touring
Newport Beach, CA
This super rare 1913 Pierce Arrow Model 66A is currently for sale out of Newport Beach, CA. The vehicle previously ran and drove prior... More
1929 Pierce-Arrow 143 convertible coupe
Desert Hot Springs, CA
Pierce-Arrow 1929 Model 143 convertible coupe. This automobile went through an extensive restoration 15 years ago. It has a smooth running motor, body is... More
1925 Pierce-Arrow 80 2 Door Sedan
St. Louis, MO
1925 Pierce-Arrow Model 80 Five-passenger Two Door Coach Finished in handsome two-tone green exterior with correct tan cloth interior 288 CID L-head inline six-cylinder engine Four-wheel brakes... More
Advertiser since 1987
1930 Pierce-Arrow Model B
Oak Bluffs, MA
4 door, 5 passenger sedan, engine, drive train and body in very good conditon, cloth interior. Driven frequrently in the summer. 508.360.5633. [contact seller] ... More
1935 Pierce-Arrow 845 Formal Sedan 7-passenger
Marysville, MI
1935 Pierce Arrow 845 Formal Sedan 7 passenger Vin#: 2590 105 Description: 8-cylinder, 140 HP, 144 Wheelbase. Burgundy exterior color, tan cloth interior. One of 875... More


text:
The Indebted States of America
August 28, 2013
Most states have restrictions on debt and prohibitions against running deficits. But these rules have been no match for state and local governments, which have exploited loopholes and employed deceptive accounting standards in order to keep running up debt. The jaw-dropping costs of these evasions have already started to weigh on budgets; as the burden grows heavier, taxpayers may decide that it's time for a new fiscal revolt, says Steven Malanga, the senior editor of City Journal and a senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute.
Most state constitutions and many local government charters regulate public debt precisely because of past abuses.
- In the early 19th century, after New York built the Erie Canal with borrowed funds, other states rushed to make similar debt-financed investments in toll roads, bridges, and canals -- projects designed to take advantage of an expanding economy.
- But when the nation's economy fell into a deep recession in 1837, many of the projects failed and tax revenues cratered as well, prompting eight states and territories to default on their debt.
Stung by losses, European markets stopped lending even to solvent American states.
- The debacle inspired a sharp reevaluation of the role of state governments, with voters looking "more skeptically" on legislative borrowing, wrote political scientist Alasdair Roberts in 2010 in the academic journal Intereconomics.
- A member of New York's 1846 constitutional convention even warned that "unless some check was placed upon this dangerous power to contract debt, representative government could not long endure."
- Over a 15-year period, 19 states wrote debt limitations into their constitutions.
State and local debt had hit $15 billion ($260 billion in today's dollars) by the Great Depression's onset. Arkansas was one of the heaviest borrowers, with obligations reaching $160 million ($2.8 billion today). It defaulted in 1933 -- one of more than 4,700 Depression-era defaults by state and local government entities, including nearly 900 by school districts.
Even as governments scramble to find ways of paying their existing obligations, taxpayers should demand fundamental reforms that will make state and local leaders more fiscally responsible going forward. An easy place to start would be a push for honest accounting and greater transparency.
There's no single cure for the debt crisis afflicting state and local governments. But unless taxpayers start pulling harder in that everlasting tug-of-war, they can expect to keep losing ground.
Source: Steven Malanga, "The Indebted States of America," City Journal, Summer 2013.
Browse more articles on Tax and Spending Issues


text:
Grommes & Ullrich NATIONAL BOURBON Chicago Bottle
Sold for:
Start Free Trial
or Sign In to see what it's worth.
- Sold Date:
- Source: eBay
The name on the bottle appears to be acid etched onto it. I would assume the pourer/stopper is also original to the bottle too as its a perfect fit. The cork is dried up, but still most of it is still t I put a blacklight to the glass and it glows yellow/green indicating it as being very old. The glass bottle itself without the pourer stands 8-1/2" tall. 's whats etched on the front: GROMMES & ULLRICH National Club BOURBON Chicago. The glass has no damage, that means no chips or cracks! The acid etching has obvious wear which you would expect on a bottle this old. The glass needs to be cleaned on the inside of the bottle. 's some information I found on Grommes & Ullrich that was on the internet:GROMMES & ULLRICH
Chicago, IL.
The company used the brand names:
"Great Union Pure Rye", "Marquette Pure Rye", "National Club", "Pullman Palace Car Rye", "Westmoreland", and "World's Fair." Business name timeline:
Gromes & Ullrich (1870-1871), Gromes & Ullrich (1872), Grommes & Ullrich (1873-1918) Address timeline:
146 S Clark (1870-1871), 229 W Madison, "will be located after Sept 1st, 199-203 Randolph" (1872), 199-203 Randolph (1873-1878), 174-176 Madison (1879-1885), 104-106 Madison (1886-1894), 194-200 Dearborn (1895-1910), 132-138 S Dearborn (19 ... read more


text:
Selective forces imposed by parasites can affect various traits of their hosts, including population dynamics, life histories, mating systems, sexual dimorphism etc. (Schmid-Hempel 2011). The detrimental effects of parasites are countered by function of immune system, which in vertebrates comprises both innate and acquired immunity (Danilova 2006). Study of evolution in immune-related genes is, therefore, of paramount importance for comprehension of dynamics in parasite–host relationships (see e.g., Woolhouse et al. 2002; Carlton 2003). Despite the complexity of the immune system, most studies in free-living vertebrates have focused on genes involved in acquired immunity, namely the major histocompatibility complex (MHC; e.g., Milinski 2006). However, mapping and association studies have revealed that at least half of the genetic variation responsible for resistance to various infections is attributable to non-MHC genes (Acevedo-Whitehouse and Cunningham 2006). Most of these genes seem to be associated with innate immunity and there is an increasing evidence that variation in these genes may have a fundamental effect on the host fitness in free-living populations (e.g., Turner et al. 2011; Tschirren et al. 2013).
Innate immunity receptors that directly detect and bind to parasite structures (microbe-associated molecular patterns, MAMP), the pattern-recognition receptors (PRR), stand in the first line of immune defense (Medzhitov and Janeway 2002; Akira et al. 2006). Their fast and effective functioning is thus crucial for host survival (O'Neill 2004; Akira et al. 2006). Among PRRs, the Toll-like receptors (TLR) have been shown to be particularly important (Akira et al. 2001). These receptors form a group of membrane-bound, noncatalytic proteins present in most immune cells, especially in macrophages. Distinct MAMPs (e.g., lipopolysaccharides [LPS] and lipoproteins in bacterial cell walls, zymosan of yeast, bacterial flagellin or viral nucleic acids) are recognized by distinct TLRs and the set of TLR types varies substantially among vertebrate lineages (Janssens and Beyaert 2003; Akira et al. 2006; Vinkler and Albrecht 2009; Kawai and Akira 2010). The potential action of TLRs in the context of host–parasite interactions in free-living organisms is increasingly drawing attention of evolutionary biologists and immunologists (Medzhitov et al. 1997; Pasare and Medzhitov 2004; Takeda and Akira 2005; Vinkler and Albrecht 2009). Contradicting the previous assumption of evolutionary conservatism of these receptors, evolution-focused immunogenetic investigations yielded a clear evidence that at the interspecific level diversifying selection has significantly increased diversity of orthologous Tlr genes, mainly in the ligand-binding region (LBR, Poltorak et al. 1998; Smirnova et al. 2000; Downing et al. 2010; Park et al. 2010; Wlasiuk and Nachman 2010; Areal et al. 2011; Tschirren et al. 2011; Fornuskova et al. 2013).
Information regarding the structure and variation of TLRs in free-living rodents is still relatively scarce. Interspecific comparisons of European and Asian rodents confirmed purifying selection as a prevalent evolutionary force shaping these genes (namely Tlr2, 4, and 7), probably due to functional constraints posing on the receptor molecules (Tschirren et al. 2011; Fornuskova et al. 2013). However, signatures of positive selection have also been revealed in all studied genes (mainly in the extracellular domain [ECD], containing LBRs responsible for pathogen recognition, see below), with a more intense signal in the bacterial-sensing Tlr2 and Tlr4 than in the viral-sensing Tlr7 gene (Tschirren et al. 2011; Fornuskova et al. 2013). Following study of Tschirren et al. (2012) showed that TLRs are polymorphic even within species and that intraspecific variation may strikingly differ even between two sympatric species of rodents inhabiting the same environment. In one of these species, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus), a particular group of alleles was shown to be significantly associated with resistance to Borrelia infection, suggesting an on-going evolution in the receptor (Tschirren et al. 2013). These results illustrate the urgent need for further research focused on polymorphism in PRRs at the intraspecific level, as the genetic variability in PRRs might represent an important missing element for understanding the effects of a host genotype on individual fitness.
TLR4 is one of the most essential bacterial-sensing PRRs, binding, among others, bacterial endotoxins (i.e., LPS) as ligands (Poltorak et al. 1998). At the interspecific level, this cell-surface receptor has the highest number of positively selected sites among all mammalian TLRs (Areal et al. 2011). Most of these sites are localized in the ECD which is responsible for LPS binding (Poltorak et al. 1998; Kim et al. 2007; Vinkler et al. 2009; Fornuskova et al. 2013). This domain consists of several leucine-rich repeat motifs and includes the LBR, which is in direct physical contact with MAMP structures. The ECD is followed by the transmembrane domain (TMD), anchoring the receptor into the cell membrane, and the intracellular domain (ICD). The ICD comprises the Toll/interleukin-1 (TIR) domain responsible for signal transduction and cell activation triggering the immune responses (Werling et al. 2009; Botos et al. 2011).
Genetic research in laboratory mice enabled identification of the Tlr4 gene function and assessment of the level of its polymorphism among laboratory strains (Poltorak et al. 1998; Smirnova et al. 2000; Stephan et al. 2007). However, artificial genetic variation occurring in "classical" laboratory strains (Yang et al. 2011) hampers understanding variation present in wild mice displaying much wider ranges of immunoresponsivity (Piálek et al. 2008; Abolins et al. 2011; Babayan et al. 2011; Pedersen and Babayan 2011; Riley and Viney 2011). Several house mouse subspecies have been described. Divergence of house mice is usually located to northern India and/or Pakistan and dated to about 0.5 million years ago (Boursot et al. 1993; Suzuki et al. 2004; Geraldes et al. 2008; Macholán et al. 2012). Two subspecies, M. m. musculus (Mmm) and M. m. domesticus (Mmd), have colonized Europe where they met along a secondary hybrid zone running across the continent (Boursot et al. 1993; Macholán et al. 2007; Bonhomme et al. 2011; Cucchi et al. 2012, 2013). Although the two subspecies might come into contact at least once during the expansions and contractions of their ranges (Duvaux et al. 2011), allowing them to exchange beneficial mutations, they remained for most of the colonization time in allopatry. As their westward expansions followed different routes (Mmm north of the Black Sea, Mmd through the Middle East and Mediterranean region), the two subspecies may have experienced different histories leaving distinct genetic footprints in PRR genes, including Tlr4. A recent study of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota in western European mouse populations showed geography to be the most significant factor explaining the composition of bacterial communities in this species (Linnenbrink et al. 2013). Even though gastrointestinal bacteria may have not necessarily been the pathogenic agents selecting for immunological divergence in the two subspecies, we may expect similar geographic or subspecies-specific variation also among other microbes. Genetic differences between non-bacterial parasites of the two house mouse subspecies and the lack of their significant introgression in the hybrid zone have been described recently (Kváč et al. 2013).
In this study, we have analyzed free-living specimens of the two European Mus musculus subspecies across a wide geographic range to answer the question whether the distinct recent evolutionary histories of the subspecies have left any footprints in Tlr4 variation. Based on preliminary data from classical laboratory strains (CLS) and wild-derived strains (WDS), we expect significant differences between the two house mouse subspecies. These potentially contrasting patterns could be explained either by different selection forces mediated by pathogens or simply by differences in demographic histories of the taxa (e.g., population expansions and/or bottlenecks). Given scarcity of data on pathogen background in the sampled regions, we tested the two plausible explanations by analyzing also the mitochondrial cytochrome b (mt-Cytb) gene widely used as a selectively neutral marker for assessing demographic histories of species and populations. Whereas similar patterns observed in both mt-Cytb and Tlr4 would support the effect of demographic changes, distinct patterns in the two genes would suggest the effect of selection on Tlr4. By genotyping Tlr4 and mt-Cytb in 44 Mmd and 30 Mmm sampled across the Western Palaearctic region, we document (1) a subspecies-specific distribution of genetic variation, (2) different selection patterns operating on Tlr4 gene in the two subspecies, and (3) important role of recombination increasing the polymorphism of the Tlr4 gene.


text:
Return to Sessions
Michael "Shaggy" Parker
(8-12 mph) Gentle breeze
I had a great day with my 180CFX today! I did my normal stuff and getting better at it but I practiced my piro flips and got them really smoothened out! I didn't want to land when my timer went off! Then this evening, I flew in the yard over a huge fire in the middle of my yard. I pulled off the gloves and just smacked the shiznit out of my 180 over the deck and over the fire. There was a lot of brush in the fire so that led to a lot of smoke. Seeing the vortexes from the tips of the rotor blades was so awesome to see. I almost lost my heli as I was staring at the votaries when the heli flew through the smoke. By far, the best flight yet!!! Battery 2, both flights.
Add Comment:
Add Comment