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Platinum (revised)
Note: This article, originally published in 1998, was updated in 2006 for the eBook edition.
Platinum is a transition metal in Group 10 (VIIIB) of the periodic table. The periodic table is a chart that shows how chemical elements are related to each other. Platinum is also a member of a group of metals named after itself. Other platinum metals include ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, and indium. They are found in Rows 5 and 6 of Groups 8 through 10 in the periodic table. Platinum is also considered to be a precious metal. A precious metal is one that is rare and desirable.
The platinum group metals are sometimes referred to as the noble metals. That term comes from the fact that they are all relatively inactive. They do not combine with or interact with most other elements or compounds. This chemical inactivity accounts for some of the uses of the platinum metals. For example, platinum is often used to make laboratory equipment because it will not react with materials that come into contact with the equipment.
Group 10 (VIIIB)
Transition metal;
platinum group
The primary use of platinum and other platinum metals is as catalysts. A catalyst is a substance used to speed up or slow down a chemical reaction without undergoing any change itself. For example, the catalytic converter in an automobile's exhaust system may contain a platinum metal.
Discovery and naming
The first known reference to platinum can be found in the writings of Italian physician, scholar, and poet Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484-1558). Scaliger apparently saw platinum while visiting Central America in 1557. He referred to a hard metal that the natives had learned to work with, but the Spanish had not. The metal had been called platina ("little silver") by the natives. The name was given to the material because it got in the way of mining silver and gold . Since the natives knew of no use for the platina, they thought of it as a nuisance.
The first complete description of platinum was given by the Spanish military leader Don Antonio de Ulloa (1716-95). While serving in South America from 1735 to 1746, de Ulloa collected samples of platinum. He later wrote a report about the metal, describing how it was mined and used. De Ulloa is often given credit for discovering platinum on the basis of the report he wrote.
Reports of the new element spread through Europe. Scientists were fascinated by its physical properties. It was not only beautiful to look at, but resistant to corrosion (rusting). Many people saw that it could be used in jewelry and art objects, as with gold and silver. Demand for the metal began to grow, leading to what was then called the "Platinum Age in Spain."
Physical properties
Platinum is a silver-gray, shiny metal that is both malleable and ductile. Malleable means capable of being hammered into thin sheets. Platinum can be hammered into a fine sheet no more than 100 atoms thick, thinner than aluminum foil.
Ductile means the metal can be drawn into thin wires. Platinum has a melting point of about 1,773°C (3,223°F) and a boiling point of about 3,827°C (6,921°F). Its density is 21.45 grams per cubic centimeter, making it one of the densest elements.
Chemical properties
Platinum is a relatively inactive metal. When exposed to air, it does not tarnish or corrode. It is not attacked by most acids, but will dissolve in aqua regia. Aqua regia is a mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acids. It often reacts with materials that do not react with either acid separately. Platinum also dissolves in very hot alkalis. An alkali is a chemical with properties opposite those of an acid. Sodium hydroxide ("common lye") and limewater are examples of alkalis.
An unusual property of platinum is that it will absorb large quantities of hydrogen gas at high temperatures. The platinum soaks up hydrogen the way a sponge soaks up water.
Occurrence in nature
The platinum metals are often found together in nature. In fact, one of the problems in producing platinum is finding a way of separating it from the other platinum metals. Unlike gold, however, these metals do not occur in masses large enough to mine. Instead, they are usually obtained as byproducts from mining other metals, such as copper and nickel.
Platinum is one of the rarest elements. Its abundance is estimated to be about 0.01 parts per million in the Earth's crust. The world's largest supplier of platinum by far is South Africa. In 1996, that nation produced 117,000 kilograms of platinum. The next largest producer was Canada, producing only 8,260 kilograms in 1996. The only other large producer of platinum is the United States. Most of the platinum in the United States comes from the Stillwater Mine in Montana.
Six naturally occurring isotopes of platinum exist: platinum-190, platinum-192, platinum-194, platinum-195, platinum-196, and platinum-198. Of these, only platinum-190 is radioactive. Isotopes are two or more forms of an element. Isotopes differ from each other according to their mass number. The number written to the right of the element's name is the mass number. The mass number represents the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of the element. The number of protons determines the element, but the number of neutrons in the atom of any one element can vary. Each variation is an isotope.
Artificially radioactive isotopes of platinum have also been produced. These isotopes are produced when very small particles are fired at atoms. These particles stick in the atoms and make them radioactive.
No radioactive isotope of platinum has any commercial application.
The major challenge in obtaining pure platinum is separating it from other platinum metals. The first step in this process is to dissolve the mixture in aqua regia. Platinum dissolves in aqua regia, and other platinum metals do not. Platinum metal can then be removed from the aqua regia in a form known as platinum sponge. Platinum sponge is a sponge-like material of black platinum powder. Finally, the powder is heated to very high temperatures and melted to produce the pure metal.
If asked, most people would probably name jewelry as the most important use of platinum. And the metal is used for that purpose. It is hard, beautiful, corrosion-resistant—ideal for making bracelets, earrings, pins, watch bands, and other types of jewelry.
However, jewelry is not the most important use of platinum. The making of catalysts is. For example, platinum catalysts are widely used in the modern petroleum industry. Crude oil from the ground must be treated before it can be converted to gasoline, fuel oil, and other petroleum products. The molecules must be broken apart, rearranged, and put back together again in new patterns. Platinum is one of the most important catalysts in making these reactions happen.
Platinum catalysts are also used to make compounds that end up as fertilizers, plastics, synthetic fibers, drugs and pharmaceuticals, and dozens of other everyday products. For example, platinum is used in the manufacture of nitric acid (HNO3).
Nitric acid is used to produce ammonia, which, in turn, is used to make fertilizers.
Probably the best known use of platinum as a catalyst is in cars. All new automobiles have a catalytic convertor in the exhaust system. A catalytic converter is a device that helps gasoline burn more completely. It reduces the amount of pollutants released to the air. Most catalytic converters contain platinum or other platinum metals.
Platinum is used in other parts of a car or truck. Certain types of spark plugs, for example, may contain platinum. Overall, the greatest single use of platinum in the United States is in the manufacture of automobiles and trucks.
Many uses of platinum depend on its chemical inactivity. For example, some people have to have artificial heart pacemakers implanted into their chests. An artificial pacemaker is a device that makes sure the heart beats in a regular pattern. It usually replaces a body part that performs that function but has been damaged. Artificial pacemakers are usually made out of platinum. The platinum protects the pacemaker from corroding or being destroyed by adds inside the body.
Platinum is also used in small amounts in alloys. For example, cobalt alloyed with platinum makes a powerful magnet. An alloy is made by melting and mixing two or more metals. The mixture has properties different from those of the individual metals. The platinum-cobalt magnet is one of the strongest magnets known.
Relatively few platinum compounds are commercially important.
Artificial pacemakers are usually made out of platinum. The platinum protects the pacemaker from corroding or being destroyed by acids inside the body.
Health effects
Platinum dust and some platinum compounds can have mild health effects. If inhaled, they can cause sneezing, irritation of the nose, and shortness of breath. If spilled on the skin, they can cause a rash and skin irritation.
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"Platinum (revised)." Chemical Elements: From Carbon to Krypton. . Encyclopedia.com. 20 Nov. 2017 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.
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"Platinum (revised)." Chemical Elements: From Carbon to Krypton. . Retrieved November 20, 2017 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/science/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/platinum-revised
platinum (plăt´ənəm), metallic chemical element; symbol Pt; at. no. 78; at. wt. 195.084; m.p. 1,772°C; b.p. 3,827±100°C; sp. gr. 21.45 at 20°C; valence +2 or +4. Pure platinum is a malleable, ductile, lustrous, silver-white metal with a face-centered cubic crystalline structure. Chemically inactive, it is unaffected by common acids but dissolves in aqua regia, forming chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6). It is attacked by the halogens, sulfur, or caustic alkalies. It does not combine with oxygen even at high temperatures. Like palladium, it absorbs large quantities of hydrogen, which it releases at red heat.
Platinum is found in nature alloyed with the other metals of the so-called platinum group, found in Group 10 of the periodic table; the other five metals in this group are iridium, osmium, palladium, rhodium, and ruthenium. These metals are found in alluvial deposits in Russia, South Africa, Colombia, and Alaska. Platinum and the related metals are recovered commercially as a byproduct of the refining of nickel ores mined near Sudbury, Ont., Canada; from gold mines in South Africa; and from the alluvial deposits in Russia. There is no routine method for separating platinum from other metals; it is usually recovered by complex chemical methods.
Platinum has many uses. Its wear- and tarnish-resistance characteristics are well-suited for making fine jewelry. Platinum and its alloys are used in surgical tools, laboratory utensils, electrical resistance wires, and electrical contact points. The most important of the alloys are those with iridium. The International Prototype Kilogram, kept at Sèvres, France, is a cylinder of platinum-iridium alloy, and the standard definition of a meter for a long time was based on the distance between two marks on a bar of platinum-iridium. Platinum is also used in the definition of the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (a reference for determining cell voltages). Because its thermal coefficient of expansion is nearly equal to that of glass, platinum is used to make electrodes sealed in glass. It is used extensively in dentistry and a platinum-osmium alloy is used in implants such as pacemakers and replacement valves. A platinum-cobalt alloy is used to make very powerful magnets.
Platinum is specially prepared for use as a catalyst. Finely divided, the metal is platinum black, a powder. It also may be used as platinum sponge, formed when platinic ammonium chloride, (NH4)2PtCl6, is ignited, or as platinized asbestos, prepared by heating asbestos after dipping it in chloroplatinic acid. Platinum catalysts are used in the contact process for producing sulfuric acid, in the Ostwald process for the production of nitric acid, and in petroleum cracking, as well as in a variety of other reactions. Platinum is also used as a catalyst in fuel cells and in catalytic converters for automobiles.
Naturally-occurring platinum and platinum-rich alloys have been known since antiquity. Although there is evidence that the metal was used in the Americas in pre-Columbian times, the first European reference to platinum appears in 1557 as a description of a mysterious metal found in Central American mines. When the Spanish first encountered the metal, they regarded it as an undesirable impurity in the silver they were mining and often discarded it.
Modern knowledge of the metal dates from about 1736, when its existence in South America was reported by A. de Ulloa. Some of this platina [little silver], was taken to England, and soon thereafter many leading chemists published reports on it. A process discovered about 1803 by W. H. Wollaston for making the metal malleable made possible its commercial use for laboratory apparatus and other purposes. Although platinum was used as an adulterant for gold over a century ago, it is now considered the more valuable of the two.
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"platinum." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. . Encyclopedia.com. 20 Nov. 2017 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.
"platinum." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. . Encyclopedia.com. (November 20, 2017). http://www.encyclopedia.com/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/platinum
"platinum." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. . Retrieved November 20, 2017 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/platinum
melting point: 1,739°C
boiling point: 4,170°C
density: 21.45 g/cm 3
most common ions: Pt 2+, Pt(Cl) 62−, Pt(CN) 42−, Pt(CN) 62−
The first reports of the discovery of platinum were the papers of Antonio de Ulloa, who found an unworkable metal , platina (Spanish for "little silver"), in the gold mines of Colombia in 1736. Charles Wood provided the first samples in 1741. Platinum has a concentration of approximately 10−6 percent in Earth's crust. Platinum crystallizes in the face-centered cubic structure. The pure metal is malleable and ductile , and lustrous and silvery in appearance. It is capable of absorbing gaseous hydrogen. Platinum is found in nature in alluvial deposits and in association with copper, iron, and nickel sulfide ores. The metal is soluble in aqua regia, isolated as (NH4)2PtCl6 from aqua regia, and obtained as a sponge or powder by ignition of (NH4)2PtCl6.
Platinum is used as a catalyst in a wide variety of chemical reactions. Some of the more common catalytic uses are the oxidation of organic vapors in automobile exhaust, the oxidation of ammonia in the production of nitric acid, and the rearrangement of atoms in petroleum reforming. Most of the halides are formed by direct combination of the halogen elements with platinum, resulting in PtF6, [PtF5]4, PtX4 (where X = F, Cl, Br, or I), and PtX3 and PtX2 (where X = Cl, Br, or I). The two oxides, PtO and PtO2, are unstable and decompose upon heating. In the +2 and +3 oxidation states, platinum forms coordination complexes bonded to carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, oxygen, and sulfur donor atoms. Perhaps the most well known coordination complex is cis -platin, Pt(NH3)2Cl2, used in chemotherapy treatments of cancer.
D. Paul Rillema
Cotton, F. Albert, and Wilkinson, Geoffrey (1988). Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 5th edition. New York: Wiley.
Greenwood, Norman N., and Earnshaw, A. (1984). Chemistry of the Elements. New York: Pergamon Press.
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"platinum." World Encyclopedia. . Encyclopedia.com. 20 Nov. 2017 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.
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"platinum." World Encyclopedia. . Retrieved November 20, 2017 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/platinum
plat·i·num / ˈplatn-əm/ • n. a precious silvery-white metal, the chemical element of atomic number 78. It was first encountered by the Spanish in South America in the 16th century and is used in jewelry, electrical contacts, laboratory equipment, and industrial catalysts. (Symbol: Pt) ∎ the grayish-white or silvery color of platinum. • adj. 1. of a platinum color: a platinum wig. 2. (of a recording) having sold enough copies to merit a platinum disk. PHRASES: go platinum (of a recording) achieve sales meriting a platinum disk.
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"platinum." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. . Encyclopedia.com. 20 Nov. 2017 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.
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"platinum." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. . Retrieved November 20, 2017 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/platinum-0
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"platinum." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. . Encyclopedia.com. 20 Nov. 2017 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.
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"platinum." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. . Retrieved November 20, 2017 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/platinum-1
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"platinum." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. . Retrieved November 20, 2017 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/platinum


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ServerView from 1E provides a simple view of your Windows servers to determine the available system resources and manage some of those resources. Remotely ...
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ServerView from 1E provides a simple view of your Windows servers to determine the available system resources and manage some of those resources. Remotely control processes, services, virtual machines as well as monitor usage and system events. * System Overview * Processes: view the running processes and see CPU and memory usage. Ability to terminate rogue processes remotely. * Usage: view the current processor, memory, disk and power usage in real-time. * Events: view a list of recent system events. Ability to email the details of any event. * Services: view a list of configured services and see the running state of each service. Ability to start/stop any service. * Virtual Guests: view a list of running virtual machines and see the usage as well as the running state. Ability to start/stop/pause any virtual. * Grouping: group your servers into a hierarchy tree. NO SOFTWARE REQUIRED TO BE INSTALLED ON THE REMOTE SERVER. ServerView takes advantage of existing software already installed as part of the operating system - WinRM. ServerView was developed by 1E Labs as an innovative tool to help you manage your IT systems. Please provide feedback via the application so we can improve to better suite your needs. This app is provided FREE of charge for a limited time only!
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2013 Ram 1500 Diesel, unibody Ford Ranger replacement, 2014 Chevrolet SS, Mitsubishi doubles its US marketing budget
Episode #321 of the Autoblog Podcast is here, and this week, Dan Roth, Zach Bowman and Jeff Ross talk about the 2013 Ram 1500 getting a diesel engine, rumors of a unibody replacement for the Ford Ranger, the 2014 Chevrolet SS and Mitsubishi doubling its US marketing budget. We wrap with a couple of your questions, and for those of you who hung with us live on our UStream channel, thanks for taking the time. Keep reading for our Q&A module for you to scroll through and follow along, too. Thanks for listening!
Autoblog Podcast #321:
- Unibody Ford Ranger replacement
- 2014 Chevrolet SS
- 2013 Ram 1500 getting diesel engine
- Mitsubishi doubles down in the US
In the Autoblog Garage:
2014 Porsche Cayman
2013 Ram 1500
2013 Hyundai Santa Fe
Hosts: Dan Roth, Zach Bowman, Jeff Ross
Runtime: 01:15:12
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|Chamberlain, Charles D.
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The editors serve two-year renewable terms, with the approval of the H-Net Executive Committee and rotate their duties. The current editor will be identified in all messages coming from the list. The editors will solicit postings (by email, phone and even by regular mail), will assist people in managing subscriptions and setting up options, will handle routine inquiries, and will consolidate some postings. Anyone with suggestions about postings is invited to send in ideas. The editors will solicit and post newsletter-type information (calls for conferences, for example, or listings of sessions at conventions.) H-Net's procedure for resolving disputes over list editorial practices is Article II, Section 2.20 of our bylaws.
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Related booklists: Racism in America, The Black Panthers, Black America, Black American History, Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, Black History, Civil Rights Movement: Books for Children and Young Adults, Fiction: The Civil Rights Movement, Paul Robeson,
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No Way But This: In Search of Paul Robeson
I am Not Your Negro
Renegade: The Life and Times of Darcus Howe
Martin Luther King, Jr.: The Last Interview - and Other Conversations
Muhammad Ali
W.E.B. Du Bois: Revolutionary Across the Color Line
Civil Rights for Beginners
Protest at Selma: Martin Luther King, Jr, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965
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It's Been Beautiful: Soul! and Black Power Television
African Americans Against the Bomb: Nuclear Weapons, Colonialism, and the Black Freedom Movement
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Elizabeth and Hazel: Two Women of Little Rock
Behind the Dream: The Making of the Speech That Transformed a Nation
Miles to Go for Freedom: Segregation and Civil Rights in the Jim Crow Years
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Say it Loud: Great Speeches on Civil Rights and African American Identity
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Defying Dixie: The Radical Roots of Civil Rights, 1919 1950
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April 4, 1968: Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Death and How it Changed America
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As per the title, went to view a property last night which had a combi boiler put in circa 2009, but there is still a (new ish looking) cold water tank in the loft space. Why would you need to retain it if the boiler is into the mains? We're looking at doing a loft conversion so need to consider moving/getting rid of it if possible.
Any advice appreciated, ta.


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Agreement Calls for $73 Million To Address
DDT Contamination and Restore Wildlife
WASHINGTON, D.C. - Four companies will pay $73 million to clean up contamination from the pesticide DDT and restore the ocean environment off the coast of Los Angeles under a settlement with the United States and State of California filed today.
The agreement settles a lawsuit brought by the Justice Department and the California Attorney General against Montrose Chemical Corporation of California, Aventis CropScience USA Inc., Chris-Craft Industries Inc., and Atkemix Thirty Seven Inc., companies that either owned or operated a DDT manufacturing plant in Los Angeles County.
Approximately $30 million from the settlement, filed in U.S. District Court in Los Angeles, will be spent to restore natural resources, the largest sum ever paid for environmental injuries resulting from pollution other than oil. Another $43 million from the settlement will be available to clean up the offshore contamination.
"This agreement brings an end to years of acrimonious litigation," said Lois Schiffer, Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Justice Department's Environment and Natural Resources Division. "It gives a critical boost for cleaning up contamination and restoring the natural resources that are essential to the health of California's coastal environment."
The U.S. Justice Department and the California Attorney General in 1990 filed suit under the federal Superfund law, alleging that the companies were responsible for releasing DDT and other hazardous substances into the environment. The lawsuit charged that the DDT injured natural resources, including fish and birds that live in and around coastal waters.
From 1947 until 1971, the Montrose plant discharged an estimated 1,800 tons of DDT into Los Angeles County sewers that empty into the Pacific Ocean. Montrose also dumped hundreds of tons of DDT-contaminated waste into the ocean near Santa Catalina Island.
The discharge of DDT through the sewer system created the largest known area of DDT contamination in the world. More than 110 tons of DDT remains in a 17-square-mile layer of contaminated sediment on the Palos Verdes shelf, an area of the ocean floor off the coast of Los Angeles.
The settlement filed today does not address the projected costs of cleaning up DDT contamination near the Montrose plant in Torrance; only ocean contamination is addressed. Those costs related to the cleanup at and near the Montrose plant will be resolved in a separate action.
The pesticide DDT, or dichloro-diphenyl trichloroethane, has been banned in the United States since 1972. DDT remains in the environment for years after use and concentrates in the tissues of fish and birds. Species at the top of the food chain receive the highest doses and can suffer reproductive problems. In particular, DDT causes thinning of the eggshells of birds including bald eagles, brown pelicans, and peregrine falcons, and as a result, the eggs may fail to hatch.
Montrose, at one time the world's largest manufacturer of DDT, was owned and operated by the predecessor company to Aventis CropScience USA Inc., and by Chris-Craft Industries Inc. and its predecessors. Atkemis Thirty-Seven currently owns the property where the now-defunct DDT plant is located.
Today's settlement brings the total amount recovered for environmental restoration to $137.5 million. The United States and California previously reached similar settlements with County Sanitation District No. 2 of Los Angeles, which operated the sewers that conveyed the DDT to the ocean; about 150 municipalities that discharged other substances through the sewers; and three other corporate defendants - Potlach, Simpson, and CBS/Westinghouse - that discharged PCBs through the sewers and into the ocean.
The restoration funds will be used by federal and state natural resource trustees -- including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Park Service, the State Lands Commission, the California Department of Fish and Game, and the California Department of Parks and Recreation -- on projects such as artificial reefs to provide new habitat for fish and a program to reintroduce bald eagles and peregrine falcons to Santa Catalina and the other Channel Islands.
"The precedent-setting natural resources damage settlement, combined with the EPA's cleanup efforts, will enable the Fish and Wildlife Service and other natural resource trustees to restore bald eagles, peregrine falcons, and sea birds to the Channel Islands, where they were common until their populations were decimated by DDT in the 1940s and 1950s," said Mike Spear, manager of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's California-Nevada Operations Office.
Today's settlement directs the companies to pay $43 million to the U.S. EPA and the California Department of Toxic Substances Control for the purpose of capping or otherwise addressing the DDT-contaminated sediment. Alternately, up to $10 million of this money could be used for restoration of natural resources, depending on the cost of the cleanup action that is ultimately chosen. Since 1996, the U.S. EPA has been the lead agency investigating the contamination.
"Thanks to the settlement, we now have the funding necessary to tackle head-on the DDT problem off the coast of Palos Verdes. For too long, this toxic pesticide has endangered the important habitat for everything from bald eagles to white croaker," said Keith Takata, director of the U.S. EPA's Superfund program in San Francisco. "This deal is good news for all who care about human health and our natural resources."
The U.S. EPA will continue an ongoing investigation into the feasibility and effectiveness of capping the contaminated sediment by burying it where it is, using clean, natural sediment as the capping material. The State of California will be involved in the remediation plan that is ultimately selected. The U.S. EPA plans to address human health risks from exposure to DDT contaminated fish from the site by working with local officials to improve enforcement of commercial fishing restrictions and increase awareness of recreational consumption advisories. The agency also plans to work with local community-based groups, markets and fishermen to develop monitoring programs that will focus on consumer awareness and cultural sensitivity.
DDT produced at the Montrose plant also has contaminated soil and groundwater on and around the Montrose property. The companies settling with the government today have previously paid more than $6 million to reimburse the U.S. EPA for its past costs incurred in investigating and cleaning up the DDT contamination in the vicinity of the former Montrose plant. They also have undertaken approximately $20 million worth of investigations and clean up of contaminated areas around the plant.
Today's proposed settlement will be published in the Federal Register. Any person may submit written comments during a 30-day comment period to the Assistant Attorney General, Environment and Natural Resources Division, U.S. Department of Justice, 950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20530.
For more information about the contaminated area, the progress of cleanup, and scientific studies, visit the EPA's website at:www.epa.gov/region09/features/pvshelf/


text:
The Press Newspaper
The Press Newspaper
Northwood recently hired a code enforcement officer to cite property owners who have unkempt yards.
Rob Barrett, a retired police officer, will issue citations to property owners who do not maintain their properties, which causes area land values to drop.
"He is looking for parking violations on cars without current registration, cars in yards with flat tires, and properties that have tires piled up in backyards - things like that," said Northwood City Administrator Bob Anderson.
Lake Erie anglers should experience another year of diverse fishing opportunities in 2016, according to Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR).
Lake Erie walleye and yellow perch fisheries are managed through an interagency quota system that involves Ontario, Michigan, Pennsylvania, New York and Ohio. Each jurisdiction regulates its catches to comply with quotas and minimize the risk of over-fishing these species. Quotas for the upcoming fishing season are determined through consensus agreement by these jurisdictions through the Lake Erie Committee of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission, which were just recently announced for 2016.
As a result of the 2016 quota allocation, the walleye daily bag limit is four, and the yellow perch daily bag limit is 30 per angler in Ohio waters of Lake Erie until April 30. The daily bag limit will be six walleye from May 1 through Feb. 28, 2017. From March 1, 2017 through April 30, 2017, the daily walleye bag limit will be four. A 15-inch minimum size limit is in effect during the entire season for walleye.
Last fall, just before Oregon voters went to the polls to decide whether to pass a 3.95-mill operating levy for the school district, Superintendent Hal Gregory and School Board President Carol Molnar took out an ad in The Press that explained where the estimated $1.9 million annual revenue would go should the levy pass.
The ad stated that the funds would "exclusively" go toward extra-curricular activities and Clay's Career Technical programs.
The half-page ad, with the headline "Open letter to the residents of Oregon and Jerusalem Township communities," was nine paragraphs long.
A request to renew a levy will again be before voters this year in the Woodmore School District.
The board of education is planning to vote Tuesday on the second of two resolutions required for placing the issue on the August ballot.
Last week, board members voted 4-1 to begin the process for placing on the ballot a renewal request for a $600,000 emergency levy originally approved in 2011.
Joe Liszak, board president, voted against the measure, saying he'd rather have the issue on the November ballot.
The Ohio Sixth District Court of Appeals has dismissed a complaint filed by a Lake Township man against the township police chief and Wood County prosecutor.
The appeals court ruled the Wood County Common Pleas Court didn't abuse its discretion by dismissing the complaint filed by Dan Prewitt for failing to state "a legally cognizable claim."
Chief Mark Hummer and Paul Dobson, prosecutor, were named as defendants in Prewitt's complaint filed in May 2014 that alleged the chief illegally removed Prewitt's granddaughter from his Pemberville Road home earlier that year. Prewitt claimed the chief, at the direction of Dobson, violated his Fourth Amendment rights when the chief "unlawfully forced his way" into Prewitt's home and removed the girl.
Republican tax cut
Will the proposed Republican tax cut improve your life?
No. It will only help the rich. (26 Votes)
Yes. I'll get to keep more money in my pocket. (8 Votes)
Yes. Taxes are too high and need to be cut. (3 Votes)
83566429 [{"id":"218","title":"No. It will only help the rich.","votes":"26","pct":70.27,"type":"x","order":"1","resources":[]},{"id":"219","title":"Yes. I'll get to keep more money in my pocket.","votes":"8","pct":21.62,"type":"x","order":"2","resources":[]},{"id":"220","title":"Yes. Taxes are too high and need to be cut.","votes":"3","pct":8.11,"type":"x","order":"3","resources":[]}] ["#194e84","#3b6b9c","#1f242a","#37414a","#60bb22","#f2babb"] sbar 160 160 /component/communitypolls/vote/82-republican-tax-cut No answer selected. Please try again. Thank you for your vote. Answers Votes


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|April 2, 2011, 02:21 AM
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Join Date: May 15, 2008
Location: the object towards which the action of the sea is directed
Posts: 2,123
Spending time here on TFL is great exercise, my fingers have never been stronger!
Oh, and round is a shape!
Seriously, I get out pretty much daily hiking, recurve bow and firearms shooting, hunting, living in Alaska can be pretty physically demanding (big depending on what you do and where you live in Alaska).
Not to mention the other forms of exercise that I do; so I will not...
|April 2, 2011, 02:34 AM
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Join Date: March 28, 2011
Location: Washington, the state, not that "other" one.
Posts: 514
Weighed myself last night and it wasn't good. I hit 280, so that means I've gained 42 lbs since my son was born last march. It's time to save a few dollars and hire a personal trainer again. I also need to get my butt back into my submission grappling/Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu classes again.
I hired personal trainer 2 years ago to help me get back into grappling shape after tearing my MCL and it was worth every penny, drop of sweat and muttered curse. I ran the quickest 40 yard dash in my life, 4.62 seconds, at 250 lbs. I was stunned at the results I got in 2 one hour sessions a week for 7 weeks. My cardio went through the roof and my training partners even noticed how strong I felt coming off an injury that didn't allow me to train for an extended time.
I've always been into martial arts for fun and defense, but being in good physical shape s an important factor, it makes everything easier. The more diverse your training the better. It makes it more fun and allows you to train your body to recruit muscles you wouldn't normally train. Looking good and strong is great, but functional strength trumps all else. Moving a person who is fighting you is incredibly difficult and you may have to do it in a self defense scenario.
|April 2, 2011, 05:01 AM
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Join Date: January 31, 2010
Location: N.C.
Posts: 1,522
Oh yes. I've been running and lifting weights since I was 18; I'm 43 now. The heart and also breathing rate accelerate madly under stress [particularly the stress of a physical or armed encounter] so it makes sense that if you're already in great shape you'll handle it better. Also, check out the "Captains Of Crush" hand grippers available at www.ironmind.com. These industrial strength hand grippers are tougher to squeeze closed than any you'll find at Wal-Mart..and my grip has never been stronger. Plus, what it's done to improve my handgun shooting is very noticeable. Give 'em a whirl yourself and you'll see what I mean.
|April 2, 2011, 08:17 AM
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Join Date: November 12, 2005
Posts: 2,536
BINGO!! That is exactly correct. Plus the fact that the unarmed defense may make the use of lethal force unnecessary. Everyone should know at least basic blocks and escapes. That and knife defense moves (I know an officer who will make that guy eat his own blade, while it's in his own hand, every time)
Besides, there's just something priceless about face flopping an attacker. I had one inmate jump at me at the top of some steps. I arm barred him and he rode those steps down on his face. Cuffing him was rather simple, especially since his shoulder was dislocated. I weigh 280 pounds, not what you want hyper extending your elbow.
I had another inmate that tried to slash me across the throat with a razor blade in a tooth brush. He actually cut me in the shoulder. I kneed him in the abdomen and then delivered a hammer blow to the back of his head. We both went to the hospital on that one.
The point is, when a use of force is necessary don't hold back. Nail him as hard as you can as fast as you can. Back down while he is still capable of bringing force and you could be dead. Dominate the situation.
|April 4, 2011, 09:43 AM
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Join Date: April 23, 2009
Location: metro detroit michigan
Posts: 145
I do PT just to stay healthy and in shape. it sure doesn't hurt the cause of self defense, plus it feels great to be in shape.
|April 7, 2011, 11:50 PM
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Join Date: August 17, 2010
Posts: 579
I need to start a proper PT regimen again. Fortunately I have kept my caloric intake and quality of food pretty consistent. However, with my new job I just stay too tired to really work out.
I have noticed my groups getting larger when I shoot. I think a lot of it is a result of weaker arms and hands. The more I worked out the better I controlled the gun and the better I shot. Less working out and less practice lead to bad follow through and form.
Here's my credo: There are no good guns, There are no bad guns. A gun in the hands of a bad man is a bad thing. Any gun in the hands of a good man is no threat to anyone, except bad people.
Charlton Heston
|April 8, 2011, 04:43 AM
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Join Date: March 20, 2006
Location: PA
Posts: 547
For those who say they limit themselves to one glass of adult beverages a day, you must not of seen the bottle a day for those who are commonly assosciated with the term PT. That, or you just a heck of a lot wiser then us
Anyone who has some health or weight issues and looking to keep some sort of good shape, I HIGHLY reccomend getting into a pool. I was on a swim team for roughly 10-12 years and it was the best shape I was ever in, even after almost 4 years of the military. It's low impact and you get a workout even if you have to take it easy at first. Plus, it'll help with your breathing control
"In 1968 for my senior field trip I was sent to RVN"
-Hunter Customs
"It is far more important to be able to hit the target than it is to haggle over who makes a weapon or who pulls a trigger." -Dwight D. Eisenhower
|April 8, 2011, 06:09 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: October 21, 2009
Location: Quadling Country
Posts: 1,862
When I got back after my last tour I developed an odd heart condition and could do no PT. The only real exercise I got was two miles of walking a day.
I gained 40 pounds in six months.
Turned out the condition was treatable and I started the PT again about a year later.
I lost 43 pound in six months.
Being fat is absolutely no joy or pleasure. I don't know how people do it. I still had strength but could barely run and had no endurance. I could hardly bike either as bikes are not designed for 265 pound people. The bike would literally rattle apart under the stress and require constant maintenance due to me overloading it with my girth.
It seems to me to be a miserable existence. So I would say if you can exercise by all means do. I don't know if it will help your shooting any but it sure can't hurt anything.
Proxima est Mors, Malum Nullum adhibit Misericordiam
|April 8, 2011, 11:32 AM
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Join Date: November 3, 2009
Location: Not close enough to the beach
Posts: 1,459
Will, I hate you. No really good for you. I can only wish I had your dedication to really get back into shape. Retirement can be hard in more than one way.
Keep it up.
|April 8, 2011, 07:16 PM
Senior Member
Join Date: July 6, 2010
Posts: 166
My P.T. program revolves around an over all life strategy as opposed to a purely defensive strategy.
As a service member, being "physically strong", and moving "further and faster" was a part of the job description.
Now that I am no longer in that line of work, and getting a little long in the tooth, I have found that I feel WORSE if I DON'T do P.T. than when I do. So while the intensity and time may have decreased a bit, I have increased the frequency, and do P.T. every single day.
Fitness is certainly an attribute in defensive situations, and any other physical endeavor, however, I feel the biggest benefit, and the MOST important, is in how fitness enhances the over all quality of life.
|April 9, 2011, 08:59 AM
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Join Date: October 12, 2004
Location: Viera, Florida
Posts: 1,262
If I don't do my core exercises, I get lower back spasms and my flexibility suffers. If I don't do my cardio, my abs disappear under a layer of fat.
In my experience, the key to staying in shape isn't doing an endless series of isolation exercises, it's doing a small number of compound exercises that mimic the movements you'd have to do if you really needed to perform in an emergency, plus the exercises you need to keep your core muscles in top shape, plus cardio.
For anyone who cares, here's my weekly routine:
Monday and Friday:
Some light stretching, followed by one set of 100 pushups. Goal=minimum of 65 (my current age) in 90 sec and 100 in 3 minutes.
Nautilus pullup machine: 15 dead-hang pullups (knee pad locked down), 15 pullups @ -50 lbs, 15 pullups @ -65 lbs.
Nautilus crunch machine: 50 reps @ my body weight.
Nautilus lower back machine: 50 reps @ my body weight.
30 minutes on the treadmill @ 3.6 mph and 6% incline.
Nautilus leg press machine: 15 reps @ 300, 15 reps @ 360, 15 reps @ 400.
Cable twists: (don't know who made the equipment) 3 sets of 25 reps @ 10 lbs.
30 minutes on the treadmill @ 3.6 mph and 6% incline.
I finish every workout with five 3 minute rounds on the speed bag. That's just for fun.
That's it. I'm in and out of the gym in under an hour and a half.
|April 9, 2011, 12:58 PM
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Join Date: May 22, 2007
Location: The shores of Lake Huron
Posts: 4,783
Join the NRA/ILA
I am the weapon; my gun is a tool. It's regrettable that with some people those descriptors are reversed.
|April 9, 2011, 01:53 PM
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Location: The brown eye of america
Posts: 463
Something for everybody
For those with movement difficulties I would suggest starting with some Yoga and Tai-Chi, also the "Airplane" exercises are good for those of you constrained to cubicles!
I was lucky to be in decent shape before a shoulder injury 6 years ago and surgery on said shoulder 4 years ago but what I learned doing research and listening to my Physical Therapy Doc's was amazing. My left shoulder is still an Achillies Heel for me but I am getting better daily.
Buy your guns by Yardline,
Not Looks.
|April 9, 2011, 07:53 PM
Senior Member
Join Date: October 12, 2004
Location: Viera, Florida
Posts: 1,262
Didn't you notice when your waist passed 40 inches?
Didn't you notice when you couldn't fit into any of your clothes?
Didn't you notice when you lost two inches of your penis under all that fat?
Now their problem is they're so out of shape they have to use weights most of us would laugh at.
They're embarrassed by the fact they can't do a single pushup or pullup. They can't do bench presses with just the bar. They can't bend over far enough to do deadlifts. They'd kill themselves trying to do a squat. So, they spend their time in the Nautilus room, because no one can see what tiny weights they're using. I see them crank out 15 reps with light weight and then move the pin down so it'll look like they were actually working. They get on the treadmill and mosey along at 2.5 mph and zero incline, sweating like mad.
It's like timetohunt said; they're going to die of neglect long before anyone can kill them.
|April 9, 2011, 10:22 PM
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Join Date: May 22, 2007
Location: The shores of Lake Huron
Posts: 4,783
Join the NRA/ILA
I am the weapon; my gun is a tool. It's regrettable that with some people those descriptors are reversed.
|April 10, 2011, 10:12 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: April 8, 2011
Location: east coast
Posts: 244
My job keeps me in decent shape, but I gotta say GOOD for Beararms; giving up soda and beer wow I just don't have the will to do it and I have tried lol>
|April 11, 2011, 04:09 AM
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Join Date: October 21, 2009
Location: Quadling Country
Posts: 1,862
What does running three miles have to do with combat or military service?
Proxima est Mors, Malum Nullum adhibit Misericordiam
|April 11, 2011, 07:08 AM
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Location: Sunshine and Keystone States
Posts: 4,448
|April 11, 2011, 12:04 PM
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Join Date: October 21, 2009
Location: Quadling Country
Posts: 1,862
After 23 years I have yet to see a single soldier run three miles, unarmed, unequipped wearing gym shorts and a T-shirt through a battle. Maybe it happened in that old army.
A much better indicator of performance would be a 12 mile march with full kit, weapon and ruck sack. Also a test that indicated what soldiers could do in short bursts, such as rushing a building, clearing a room, capturing an enemy. These things would be much more important than jogging three miles.
Sorry for the detour.
What I am trying to get at is that new PT test (which there is a lot more of than indicated here) is designed around short bursts of high energy activity and not slower long haul activity. This is a much more useful type of measurement of performance under stress.
Proxima est Mors, Malum Nullum adhibit Misericordiam
|April 11, 2011, 01:37 PM
Senior Member
Join Date: July 21, 2009
Posts: 797
Firearms, and PT, are but two parts of my overall health and well-being strategy.
Run, swim, lift, play sports, eat right, get plenty of rest. Laugh often and be happy.
For those questioning the logic behind the Army PFT, I suggest browsing FM 25-100, FM 21-10, and FM 7-0.
Although the above post hit the nail on the head.
For "Soldier/NCO of the Command/Year/etc" they do include many skill-based tests, in addition to a basic PFT, weapon certification, and a grilling panel interview with Senior NCOs.
Many law enforcement agencies (granted they operate differently) have gone to shorter "long" runs and more burst events. For example, the current FBI PFT includes a minute of max situps, 300m sprint, maximum untimed pushups, and a 1.5 mile run, with max pullups for HRT candidates. There's a minimum requirement, but it's just that, the bare minimum to scrape through.
I've seen some agencies including shuttle runs and other measures of physical fitness, agility, and overall athleticism.
Last edited by booker_t; April 11, 2011 at 01:54 PM.
|April 11, 2011, 01:47 PM
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Join Date: July 6, 2010
Posts: 166
Running the short distance required of the Army, and the Corps, demonstrates a BASIC level of cardio fitness that can more easily be built on to perform the more demanding tasks of combat. Long range movements and foot patrols in difficult terrain, under a load, are much easier to perform, adapt to, and recover from, when individuals have a good foundation established through running.
This foundation also supports an assaulters' ability to maneuver to positions of advantage that allow him to close with and destroy enemy positions. Troops can only carry so much ammo, and can sustain fire for a relatively limited amount of time, so it becomes crucial that a maneuver element is capable of moving to a new assault OR support position as fast as possible. That means RUNNING.
While most of the military will NEVER have to fire and maneuver due to having non-combat duty positions, those of us that did / do will need to have the leg and cardio strength and endurance that "running three miles" helps to build and maintain. Running helps to set the conditions for success and survival on the battle field (not the FOB/TOC/motor pool/aid station), and THAT has a LOT to do with combat and military service, whether anyone realizes it or not.
|April 11, 2011, 01:58 PM
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Join Date: July 21, 2009
Posts: 797
For those who say they don't have the time, look up a gentleman by the name of David Goggins.
33 years old.
Full time, he's a Navy SEAL.
He's married with a family.
In his SPARE time, he runs ultra marathons (100 and 150 miles), performs 500-mile bike rides, and does other extreme endurance sports. This was after he quit being a powerlifter, and lost a ton of weight.
Now, what excuses do you have?
|April 11, 2011, 02:32 PM
Join Date: September 27, 2008
Location: Foothills of the Appalachians
Posts: 12,161
I was involved in a serious car accident once, and the injuries left me with some serious physical limitations. Fortunately, my quality of life is good, but I won't last long in a hand-to-hand confrontation.
As such, I've had to change strategies. I have prior training in Aikido (which doesn't place much emphasis on strength), and some of those techniques are viable, but for the most part, I'll be more heavily dependent on a firearm should things go that terribly.
Those three cups of coffee a day do grant me catlike reflexes, however.
Sometimes it's nice not to destroy the world for a change.
--Randall Munroe
|April 11, 2011, 03:49 PM
Senior Member
Join Date: April 8, 2011
Location: east coast
Posts: 244
The ability to run three miles is a start but hardly enough. In AIT 5 miles is a standard run and you will run further. Don't worry if you are out of shape, after boot camp, you won't be. If you are a Marine, an Infantry man or a Navy corpsman; you will then go to advanced infantry training(ait) after that you will have little trouble running 3 miles or 5 miles; assuming you are healthy of course. So what does running three miles have to do with the military? Nothing if you are lucky enough to avoid deployment over-seas; everything if you aren't!
|April 11, 2011, 05:56 PM
Junior Member
Join Date: March 18, 2011
Location: Nevada
Posts: 7
Definitely PT helps, imo.
Especially cardio since it makes the heart more efficient, beating less during rest and shooting sport times. The breath becomes calmer, which can also improve shooting scores.
I do running, bicycling, stairclimbing.
NRA Life Member
former law enforcement, U.S. Dept. of Justice
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© 2017 CFL. All rights reserved.
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CFL.ca Staff
RICHMOND, VA — The Ottawa REDBLACKS concluded their inaugural three day mini-camp on Thursday at the Washington Redskins Bon Secours Training Centre and positive reviews were given from the team's quarterback, Henry Burris.
"It went great – I mean we got a lot of things accomplished here in a couple of days, said Burris. He went on to mention, "this (camp) is a vital part for us preparing for that time (training camp)."
For a typical CFL veteran it may feel like going through the motions, but not for the REDBLACKS pivot. Entering his 16th season and on a new expansion team, he knows how important it is to be ahead of the learning curve with a new playbook on his hands and new teammates.
"To stay ahead of that learning curve is very important especially for a quarterback, who of anybody needs to be able to communicate that as far as the offence to the rest of the guys (teammates) especially when you step into the huddle," said the 2013 CFL passing yards leader.
The mini-camp in Virginia was more than just getting back into football shape and learning the nuances to the new systems, it was a chance for Burris and his teammates to get to know each other and build relationships.
"I mean we had good time getting to know about all the new guys that are coming in, and also the guys we played against across the league the number of years I've been in," Burris said.
"Of course not many have been playing as long as I have, but I'm thankful to be playing," he added.
The buzz and excitement is starting to build, especially during the mini-camp. Having the coaching staff, as well as the players all together at once can only mean training camp isn't too far around the corner.
With first impressions always important in any person's life, when Burris was asked what impressed him the most he pointed out team speed and his teammates.
"I'll tell you, it's the talent we have. I mean the team speed, but also on top of that just great guys," Burris said.
"It didn't' seem like we had a lot of egos on this team and that's something you look for, you hope everybody has that winning attitude and they're ready to have a good time doing it, as far as working our tails off and that's what I saw across the board," he added.
After 15 seasons of playing professional football and the toll it takes on any players body, let alone a quarterbacks body, Burris will be finding time between the end of mini-camp and the start of training camp to prep his body and mind for another CFL season.
"That's what I'm excited about and also preparing the body physically, mentally and getting ready for training camp," Burris said.
Burris can definitely feel the excitement and believes it'll grow once he transitions his life to Ottawa and sees firsthand the REDBLACKS fan base.
"I'm excited to get out there (Ottawa) with the fans and starting to get to know the people of the city and each and every community and building the excitement and helping out as far as getting ready for the season to come, said a smiling Burris.
With files from OttawaREDBLACKS.com


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All Of The 'Mad Men' Conspiracy Theories You Need To Know Before Watching The Finale
Is Don an alien? Is Joan a wizard? Is baby Gene a Russian spy who will one day grow up and be your father? According to the internet: Yes. "Mad Men" conspiracy theories are our guiltiest Monday morning pleasure, and after this Sunday's season finale we'll be stuck waiting months for the next crop (or will we?! See: conspiracy #467). After the media exploded with suspicions about a Megan Draper/Sharon Tate connection, we decided to dive all the way down the rabbit hole and see what other interesting theories we could come up with. It was quite a trip.
Some of these notions have roots in reality, and many took us back to our film school days of picking apart the mise en scène to determine a character's fate. And some of them are just bonkers. Either way, we whittled down the hundreds (probably more, we're still digging around down here) to the best and craziest "Mad Men" conspiracy theories out there.There are no spoilers here, unless these bloggers, journalists, and redditors are right. In which case — watch out, Pete Campbell. You're about to be eaten by a bear.
Check out 18 of this season's most bizarre conspiracy theories »
Read the original article on Refinery29. Copyright 2013. Follow Refinery29 on Twitter.
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ENG 250 Introduction To The Theater
ENG 250 Introduction To The Theater (3 Credits)
The drama as a literary and theatrical form is examined from early through modern plays. Students conduct intensive study of selected plays from the points of view of the playwright, actor, director, designer, and audience.
Prerequisite: "C" or better in ENG 102 or ENG 105.


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My Nonprofit Reviews
Review for Maternity Care Coalition, Philadelphia, PA, USA
As an new intern, C4K welcomed me into their family with big open arms. The advocates and other interns were very helpful and supportive in explaining how the organization ran and what the procedure was. This internship also gave me the opportunity to see different parts of Philadelphia as well as meet individuals from very diverse backgrounds. It also made me realize what issues harbor within the city such as unemployment, a healthy eating diet, a safe place to sleep and live. All in all it was a very well-rounded experience for me. I would definitely recommend anyone to volunteer there or do their internship there...very worthwhile experience.
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I've personally experienced the results of this organization in...
a positive and eye opening manner. Through the knowledge and skills I was taught I expanded my understanding on how these moms-to-be took care of their newborns and what struggles they are facing in order to survive.
What I've enjoyed the most about my experience with this nonprofit is...
the thorough training that was provided and the fact that the organization is a big supporter of higher education and moving up on the ladder.
The kinds of staff and volunteers that I met were...
funny, supportive and very helpful. They made us part of the family.
If this organization had 10 million bucks, it could...
reach a lot of clients who are in need of a crib and the organization could possibly relocate to a bigger office with faster computers and professional head-sets and more phone lines.
How frequently have you been involved with the organization?
One time
When was your last experience with this nonprofit?


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Good Times Crew & The Mantooth Group present
Orange Goblin
Holy Grail, Lazer/Wulf, Godhunter, Enirva
Yucca Tap Room
29 W. Southern Ave.
Tempe, AZ, 85282
This event is 18 and over
""OG are STILL the best underground band in Britain" – Tommy Udo (Metal Hammer)
"It has to be said that Orange Goblin shows are very predictable, in the sense that you know they are going to be brilliant before they even hit the stage!" – Terry Bezer (Kerrang!)
"Consistently one of the greatest live bands the UK has produced in recent decades!" – Dom Lawson (Classic Rock)
"Put simply, Orange Goblin are the best metal band in Britain!" – Malcolm Dome (Metal Hammer)
Orange Goblin triumphantly continue to uphold the traditions of great British heavy rock and metal. Now with 6 critically acclaimed albums under their belts, the Orange Goblin express train just keeps on gathering speed and the band are now considered pioneers and legends in the stoner / biker-doom metal field. From the psychedelic noodlings of 'Frequencies from Planet Ten' to the greasy, biker groove of 'Time Travelling Blues', the crushing cosmic doom of 'The Big Black' to the aggressive punk-metal fusion of 'Coup de Grace' , the all out rock / metal majesty of 'Thieving From The House of God' and more recently the plague-ridden Sabbathian-Doom of 'Healing Through Fire', the Goblin have continued to motor onward, freeing themselves from any stagnant pigeonhole or 5 minute trend that may have been thrown their way. This is ROCK the way it should be….unpredictable, exciting and dangerous!!!!!
Over the last 15 years, since their formation in the late night drinking holes of London's Soho, the band have risen to the very pinnacle of what they do and played a major role in inspiring a whole crop of today's snotty upstarts. Orange Goblin have a world-wide reputation as an awesome live band and have earned this with countless tours, festivals and special appearances, sharing the stage with the likes of Alice Cooper, Heaven & Hell, Sex Pistols, Down, Clutch, W.A.S.P, Kreator, Queens of the Stone Age, Danzig, High On Fire, Monster Magnet, Nashville Pussy, Eyehategod, Saint Vitus, Cathedral, Nebula, Unida, Alabama Thunderpussy, Dio, Grand Magus, Witchcraft and many more.
On fire? Driven? Too right! Never has a band sounded so charged up.
Saddle up, crack open a cold one and throw the horns for Orange Goblin!!!!!!
Straight up Heavy Metal from Pasadena, CA on Prosthetic Records.
Formed in Athens, GA in 2006, the wulves began as a five-piece, including vocalist Jimmy Baldwin and guitarist Robert Sullivan. After recording and self-releasing their 2006 debut demo, "Demo-Lition!," the band enjoyed local success as a gleefully violent metal band in a skeptical microcosm of indie rock. The band's reputation as Athens' most fun, irreverent and evil circus had earned the nomination of "Best Up & Coming Band" by the city's Flagpole Magazine.
But L/W's buzz of positive critical reception was stricken by the departure of founding member Sullivan and the increasingly bleak prognosis of Baldwin's health. The vocalist's throat had become pocked with polyps, and while the looming reparative surgery saved his vocal cords, it effectively ended his tenure as the band's frontman. Thus, the ranks of L/W rapidly dwindled to three, leaving Aiken, Peiffer and then-drummer Mathius to fend for themselves without their chosen genre's staples of harsh vocals and dual guitars.
Ironically, this new instrumental approach to their existing material and to the writing process of their forthcoming full-length, "The Void That Isn't," added exciting new layers to their already diverse sound. Less had, essentially, become more. What could have been a void, wasn't, and made the remaining parts that much more substantial.
This trimmed lineup allows for a heartier imagination, better communication between its members, and more confident stints into uncomfortable stylistic territory. The lack of a regular vocal crutch opens the band's instrumentation to more diverse audiences and breaks previously troublesome language barriers, while allows for more abstract arrangements overall. In June of 2008, Lazer/Wulf's new identity was named "Band of the Year" by Athens' Flagpole Magazine, topping the reigning indie-rock and pop incumbents.
Once "The Void" had been released, however, the Lazer/Wulf ranks dwindled again, this time in a way that couldn't be ignored: they needed a new drummer, and the Void's advertorial cycle must fall aside while the line-up is secured. After two years (!) of active searching, jazz drummer Brad Rice was finally found and inducted in 2011.
Now, Lazer/Wulf has shed the security of genre conventions in favor of creative curiosity and more honest and emotional song-writing, growing increasingly toward the likes of Dysrhythmia, Don Caballero and Battles, while firmly rooted and informed by its thrash and prog-metal origins. Its music continues to expand in every direction, heavier and lighter, wider but more focused. The machine is varied, vicious and endlessly willing.
Lazer/Wulf's first recording with this new line-up, the vinyl/cassette/downloadable EP "There Was A Hole Here. It's Gone Now," will see independent and digital release on 4/24/2012.
$15.00 - $18.00
Upcoming Events
Yucca Tap Room
Tue, November 21
Captured by Robots


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Highline Ballroom
Sunday, Oct 20, 2013 8:00 PM EDT
(6:00 PM Doors)
Lizz Wright and Raul Midon
Sunday, Oct 20, 2013 8:00 PM EDT
(6:00 PM Doors)
Highline Ballroom, New York, NY
Purchase Tickets
This show is sold out. If additional tickets are released we will make an announcement via http://www.facebook.com/highlineballroom
Additional Information
Special offer for American Express® Cardmembers to select Highline Ballroom events.
American Express® Presale: Begins Wednesday, July 24 at noon. Tickets go on sale to the public Friday, July 26.
American Express® Preferred Seating: Available to Gold Card, Platinum Card®, and Centurion® members. American Express terms, conditions, and restrictions apply.


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Watch a Lamborghini invade a ski slope in Austria
Oh, the days when skiers simply had to endure things like ice, trees, and the random, renegade snowboarder on the slopes. These days, you're just as apt to see the next Evel Knievel or Arthur Fonzarelli.
Yahoo! Autos presented the following clip of a Lamborghini zipping up the slopes in Flachau, Austria. The car's presence is truly made known when it races past a poor skier simply trying to skin his way to the top for some turns.
Of course, last month at Sunday River, Red Bull took extreme motor sports to a new level with its new Frozen Rush event, featuring specially-designed cars ripping up the slopes normally reserved for skiers and riders.
So, next time you're coming down the hill, be sure to watch for oncoming traffic. Literally.


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Employees must receive a guaranteed salary of $455 a week and perform exempt duties to be exempt from the Fair Labor Standards Act's (FLSA) minimum wage and overtime provisions. But that doesn't mean you can never dock their pay.
Two cases serve as timely reminders of the circumstances under which you may dock exempts' pay.
Case #1: Partial-day docking from leave bank allowed
An accountant alleged that on several occasions she had time deducted from her leave bank when she left work early or arrived late. She was terminated for performance issues and sued, seeking to recover the value of the time deducted. Employee's claim: The FLSA forbids employers from deducting time from exempt employees.
Emphasizing that no deductions were made from her salary, the employer asked a federal trial court to dismiss the case, which it did. A federal appeals court upheld the decision. Court: The Department of Labor makes a distinction between salary and nonmonetary compensation, such as vacation time. As long as the employee's salary wasn't reduced, deductions from a leave bank, whether in full-day or partial-day increments, don't affect her exempt status, the court concluded. (McBride v. Peak Wellness Center, Inc., No. 11-8037, 10th Cir., 2012)
Case #2: Partial-day docking spanning two workweeks allowed
The FLSA allows employers to dock exempts who are absent for a full day for personal reasons. The FLSA also allows employers to choose any continuous 168-hour period as their workweek.
The employer's workweek began at noon on Fridays. A construction inspector who was absent on a Friday had his pay docked for eight hours over two workweeks—four hours for the workweek that ended at noon on Friday, and another four hours for the workweek that began at 12:01. The employee sued for unpaid overtime, arguing that since the workweek began at noon, the partial-day deductions over those two Fridays negated his exempt status. Similarly, he argued that workweeks that began at noon violated the FLSA's workweek requirement because it allowed partial-day docking from exempts' pay.
A federal trial court ruled against the employee. Court: The FLSA gives employers complete discretion in choosing their workweeks. The issue is the full-day absence, not how the deduction is taken, the court continued. This employer properly allocated the employee's full-day pay deductions to two workweeks. To rule that two four-hour increments don't equal one eight-hour day would be overanalyzing the FLSA, the court concluded. (Malkovskiy v. The Shaw Group, Inc., No. 2:2011cv02227, D.C. N.J., 2012)
PAYROLL PRACTICE TIP: The FLSA is only your starting point. Remember, state laws that provide employees with greater protection are the laws you must apply. Bottom line: Your policy for docking exempts' pay must jibe with the FLSA and state law.


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'Elite Dangerous' will return to Oculus Rift on launch day
Vive-only no more.
Xbox One update brings back Xbox 360's universal controller settings
Remember "game defaults" from the Xbox 360? This is sort of like that.
Xbox One Elite controller review: A better gamepad at a steep price
The Xbox One Elite controller improves on the standard gamepad in every way, but it's by no means inexpensive.
Space-sim 'Elite: Dangerous' comes to Xbox One on October 6th
Who needs No Man's Sky?
This is how you'll customize the Xbox One 'Elite' controller
The Xbox One 'Elite' controller is more than just swappable parts -- you can customize seemingly every aspect of how it interacts with games, too.
Frontier lays off 15 employees
Frontier Developments has axed 15 positions from its Halifax studio somewhat unexpectedly, leaving...
Not So Massively: The pseudo-MMOs of PAX South 2015
Welcome back to No So Massively, where every Monday we round up the highlights from the past week i...
One Shots: Haiku edition
Believe it or not, I have been listening to you guys in the comments, and I know that there's been...
PAX South 2015: Hangin' with Frontier, playin' Elite on the Oculus Rift
Readers of the Choose My Adventure column may remember that I spent the month of September smugglin...


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Reading mode: Light Dark
Forum indexStudio and Lighting TechniqueChange forum
Basic tabletop lighting question(s)
Started Feb 12, 2014 | Questions thread
JGoodard • Regular Member • Posts: 124
Basic tabletop lighting question(s)
Feb 12, 2014
I'm teaching myself photography and I would like to request tips and/or recommendations for a basic tabletop macro/still-life studio kit (tent and lights). Right now I want to focus (pardon the pun) on experimenting with DOF (using small figures and objects), shooting with different shutter speeds using a "Newton's cradle", and taking macro shots.
I have access to both a high-end compact and a DSLR, so I'll be using both. Obviously, self- learning, I only need to use a very basic setup. I was thinking of something along the lines of what I see listed on B&H [Polaroid Studio Kit, Imapct Digital Light Shed-Medium].
Thankyou for any suggestions, tips, and advice you may be to offer!
JGoodard's gear list:JGoodard's gear list
Pentax MX-1 Pentax K-5 II Pentax smc D-FA 100mm F2.8 Macro WR HD Pentax DA 35mm F2.8 Macro Limited
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Quick question: can anyone vouch for the website? Removed outside link. I've ordered an r4 card on the 11th and haven't gotten a confirm or anything. I contacted them using the contact form and never heard back. The payment was taken out of my account on the 12th to the tune of this payee name EFORCHINA ONLINE ELECTRICBEIJING 12-12-12. Help?
Last edited by bmarlo; 12-17-2012 at 10:07 PM. Reason: No outside links please.
No outside links please.
As to your problem. There's always a risk when buying from china, but I do know from experience
that China post does struggle with mail volumes around the holiday season. Which resulted in an
item I purchased from that region taking between 3-4 weeks to reach me.


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Circuit Breakers and Market Volatility: A Theoretical Perspective
This paper examines ex ante effects of 'circuit breakers' (mandated trading halts). The author shows that circuit breakers, by causing agents to suboptimally advance trades in time, may have the perverse effect of increasing price variability and exacerbating price movements. He next considers a situation in which a circuit breaker causes trading to be halted in both a 'dominant' (more liquid) and a 'satellite' market. As agents switch from the dominant market to the satellite market, price variability and market liquidity decline on the dominant market and increase on the satellite market. Copyright 1994 by American Finance Association.
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Volume (Year): 49 (1994)
Issue (Month): 1 (March)
Pages: 237-254
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Frequently Asked Questions
So, how does it work?
What does "5 Pound Apparel" mean?
What kind of shirts do you print on?
Do you have a storefront?
I saw something on your Facebook page that's not available online, can I order it?
How much does shipping cost?
How long will it take to get my order?
Do you ship internationally?
What's your return policy?
Do you sell your shirts wholesale?
How can I help spread the word about 5 Pound Apparel?
You're out of my size, will you get more?
It's simple. Each item purchased benefits someone, somewhere. Every brand we carry has a charitable cause.
What does "5 Pound Apparel" mean?
5 Pound Apparel is our brand that for every t-shirt purchased in-store or online we donate 5 pounds of food to Ozarks Food Harvest.
What kind of shirts do you print on?
We primarily use Alternative Apparel however some shirts are printed on American Apparel. We make sure all our shirts are made in an ethical environment. Also the majority of our shirts are printed with an environmentally friendly water-based ink!
Yes, we have TWO loactions in Springfield. MO. The original is located in downtown Springfield, Missouri and our second location is in Farmers Park. Our store features brands and products that give back all over the world including Tom's Shoes, Krochet Kids, Out of Print, TenTree, Half United and Feedbags.
I saw something on your Facebook page that's not available online, can I order it?
Yes! Just give us a call at 417-368-6401 and we can take your order over the phone!
Shipping is just $4.95 or free with an order of $50 or more! Even if you live in Hawaii (in which case we might just deliver the shirts ourselves).
How long will it take to get my order?
We will do our best to ship your order within one business day of receiving it. Tack on 2-5 business days for shipping via USPS First Class or Priority Mail and you should have it in about a week!
Yes! Additional shipping costs apply. Please contact us for details.
Simply return your order within 14 days of purchase and we'll gladly exchange or issue you store credit! We do ask that you cover the cost of the return postage for online orders.
Do you sell your shirts wholesale?
Yes! Simply contact us here and tell us about your store!
How can I help spread the word about 5 Pound Apparel?
1. Tell all your friends
2. Like our Facebook page
3. Follow us on Instagram & Twitter
4. Put our sticker on your computer (or anywhere!)
5. Wear our logo t-shirt and tell people what it means!
6. Ask your favorite retailer to carry our shirts!
7. Sell 5 Pound Shirts for your next group fundraiser.
You're out of my size, will you get more?
More than likely! If you would like to be contacted when something is back in stock, simply fill out this form and let us know!


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// November 5, 2008
// Posted in Uncategorized
We are very excited about several new properties and touring options that have recently debuted. The Aman at Summer Palace is just steps from one of Beijing's most iconic sites; with an excellent location and the Amanresorts' track record, we are certain that this will bring Beijing's already competitive luxury hotel landscape to a whole new level.
In Peru, Aqua Expeditions caused quite a stir with their luxury boat in the Amazon, but we were interested to learn that the Delfin I and II offer similar service and small group touring options at a slightly lower price point.
Finally, our intrepid Africa explorer, Daniela Bonnano, is excited about Summerfields River Lodge, a beautiful property located on a rose and macadamia nut farm in Mpumalanga – she thinks it's a perfect stop for honeymooners or spa lovers!


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The Maturity Rat Race
- Abstract
- Full Text PDF
- Full Text HTML
- Author(s): MARKUS K. BRUNNERMEIER, MARTIN OEHMKE
- Published: Mar 07, 2013
- Pages: 483-521
- DOI: 10.1111/jofi.12005
Why do some firms, especially financial institutions, finance themselves so short‐term? We show that extreme reliance on short‐term financing may be the outcome of a maturity rat race: a borrower may have an incentive to shorten the maturity of an individual creditor's debt contract because this dilutes other creditors. In response, other creditors opt for shorter maturity contracts as well. This dynamic toward short maturities is present whenever interim information is mostly about the probability of default rather than the recovery in default. For borrowers that cannot commit to a maturity structure, equilibrium financing is inefficiently short‐term.


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It's the secret to successful training. Which is why Bladium offers so many fitness options and sports programs. We want you to participate in a mix of activities to keep things interesting, and commit to your favorites to reach your specific goals. Most of all, we want you to enjoy each and every visit.
Some classes are offered with Spanish language options.


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Writer F. Scott Fitzgerald was wrong: there are second acts in American lives. An estimated 31 million Americans ages 44 to 70 hope to have encore careers that combine personal meaning, continued income and social impact, new research shows. The only thing holding many of them back is money.
The financial challenges posed by midlife career changes are hampering the plans of millions of people who are interested in new careers that can put their experience to work for the greater good, according to a joint study by the MetLife Foundation and Civic Ventures, a think tank on boomers, work and social purposes.
Half of those interested in encore careers expect the transition to be difficult and, of those, 59 percent expect the main obstacle in making the transition to be financial, the study found.
[The Unretiring Kind: Boomers Gear Up for Second Careers]
The hard truth of their expectations is borne out by the experience of the 9 million people who are already working in encore careers. More than two in three people (67 percent) experienced gaps in their personal income during the transition to their encores, reporting that they earned no money (24 percent) or that they earned significantly less during the transition that they earned in their previous jobs (43 percent).
Their transitions also required significant time and effort. Those already in encore careers started to think about their encores at age 50 and took 18 months to make the transition, the study found. Many took specific steps to prepare: Nearly one in four (23 percent) participated in local volunteer programs; 20 percent enrolled in education or training courses; and 13 percent volunteered at their local places of worship.
Some also want to exercise their entrepreneurial bent to forge an encore career. Approximately 12 million Americans in this group said they were interested in starting their own nonprofits or social ventures, the study found.
But some of those interested in encore careers are not ready to make the transition: Four in ten respondents (40 percent) said they do not feel secure enough financially to make a career change in this economy; nearly three in 10 (29 percent) do not know which type of job or career to pursue; and 16 percent do not have the time to explore a new career.
"This research highlights the growing trend – even in this economic climate – of experienced Americans who want to apply their expertise and passion to new careers with purpose," said Dennis White, president and CEO of MetLife Foundation. "Helping people manage their transition to encore careers is a key challenge. This research provides valuable information for how we, as a society, can realize the promise of millions of people as they pursue encore careers."
Reach BusinessNewsDaily senior writer Ned Smith at firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow him on Twitter @nedbsmith.


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BSP plans to implement interest rate corridor
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas on Wednesday disclosed a plan to implement an interest rate corridor system by the second quarter of 2016 to improve transmission of its policy moves.
The Philippine central bank joins India in seeking to ensure monetary policy changes are better reflected by actual borrowing costs in the economy.
Tetango said while the shift was not a change in the monetary policy stance, it would help improve the transmission of benchmark-rate adjustments to relevant money market rates.
"The transition to the new interest rate framework is very timely in view of the current favorable inflation and output conditions," said Tetangco, who has kept the key interest rate unchanged all year.
The new system will also help reduce the country's reliance on the reserve requirement for sterilization operations, allowing the central bank to cut the requirement in the future "in line with regional norms," he said.
Improving the transmission of any monetary stimulus or policy adjustment is gaining importance as global growth falters and amid elevated market risks. In India, where the central bank made the biggest rate cut since 2009 Tuesday, Governor Raghuram Rajan is turning his attention to the country's lenders who have been slow to pass on rate cuts earlier this year.
Tetangco said the system would introduce key changes in the framework for monetary operations designed to enhance the effectiveness of monetary policy.
"These changes will help improve the transmission of policy rate adjustments to relevant money market rates, and ultimately to key macroeconomic variables," Tetangco said.
Infrastructure requirements include two standing liquidity facilities--deposit and lending--whose rates will form a corridor around the BSP's policy rate, and will be supported by auction-based monetary operations.
Tetangco said there were two objectives in the implementation of the interest rate corridor. First would be to strengthen the signaling effect of policy rates and, to provide a system to allow easier price discovery part in the money market.
"Normally, a central bank would have interest rates at which it lends to banks [lending rate or RP rate] and the central bank has a deposit rate [SDA rate]. The lending rate would normally be above and deposit rate below," Tetangco said.
Tetangco said money market rates would follow the Bangko Sentral rate. He said basically using a single instrument for open market operations, the term deposit auction facility would allow the Bangko Sentral to siphon excess liquidity in the financial system.
"In terms of timing, there will be an auction which right now is being planned to be conducted once a week. The amount to be auctioned will be based on a liquidity forecasting model. The critical ingredient is liquidity forecasting model," Tetangco said.
Tetangco said the term deposit facility rate would be somewhere around the middle of RRP rate.
"We intend to conduct consultations with the industry starting next month to get their feedback, as to how to operate this corridor effectively and we intend to start using the interest corridor during the second quarter next year," Tetangco said.
Bangko Sentral said over time, the interest rate corridor system would also help reduce the country's reliance on reserve requirement for sterilization purposes, allowing the BSP to lower in the future the reserve requirements in line with regional norms.


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The stranger's astonishing arrival is only the beginning of a dazzling adventure. For the man, whom Kevin calls Archer or Archie, has come from a centuries-old Korean kingdom. And it's up to Kevin to find a way to send him back through space and time...before history is changed forever.
©2006 Linda Sue Park; (P)2007 Random House Inc. Listening Library, an imprint of the Random House Audio Publishing Group
"Most worthy of attention." (School Library Journal)
"An exciting novel for male readers, both reluctant and engaged." (Kirkus Reviews)
"Good story for tweens"
Great narrator! Exciting story.
Report Inappropriate Content
If you find this review inappropriate and think it should be removed from our site, let us know. This report will be reviewed by Audible and we will take appropriate action.


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Apparently in George Miller's latest post-apocalyptic entry in his "Mad Max" series, there are a group of five women who are taken from place to place, collectively known as the "five wives". Cause, you know, they're women, there are five of them, and apparently they're wives to someone or rather.
Or as one of the wives, Zoe Kravitz explains it:
There's a group of five women being taken from one place to another place, and I'm one of those women. So they call us the five wives. There are five women who are five wives. No, I'm not playing all five wives.
Yeah, what I said, Zoe.
Previously, "X-Men: First Class's" Zoe Kravitz was cast along with Riley Keough as two of the wives. Now you can add "Transformers: Dark of the Moon's" Rosie Huntington-Whiteley as another one, which leaves us with two more still to be cast. Or have already been cast, but are too little-known as actresses (or, you know, a movie actor — since, come on, you can't really confuse Rosie Huntington-Whiteley with being an "actress", can you?) to have made the trades.
From all accounts, "Mad Max: Fury Road" is gearing up for production under Miller, with Tom Hardy set to take over the Mad Max role from Mel Gibson. He, along with Charlize Theron and Nicholas Hoult, will be jetting around Nambia, Africa, apparently the stand-in for the end of the world as we know it. I suspect Africans may not appreciate that very much, but the production dollars should make up for it.
Via : Just Jared


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370Z Coupe
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When it comes to fleet vehicles, we know what matters. That's why Nissan has updated its popular Navara range to include the all-new SL grade. With 140Kw and class leading fuel economy the Nissan Navara SL is built to drive you further for less. Wide body, vinyl flooring, and reversing camera mean we've got you covered on all angles and you've got a vehicle that works for your business.
Nissan Fleet caters to organisations of all sizes – from corporate customers, leasing companies and rental, through to not-for-profit organisations and government, we've got you covered.
No matter your fleet size, our dedicated team of Fleet Managers located throughout Australia are here to talk to you about all of your vehicles needs including product, pricing and fit for purpose
Nissan offers a range of vehicles in all shapes and sizes ranging from Passenger, SUV and Light Commercial Vehicles. The Nissan Fleet team have a range of vehicles available nationally for you to test drive.
The Nissan Fleet team work closely with our dealer network to ensure you can be supported at the local level with all your fleet needs.
Bold, capable and commanding all at once, the new Nissan QASHQAI is designed with inner-city street smarts in mind. With razor sharp reactions, a playful, predatory nature and a provocative profile, it's an SUV like no other.
The Nissan X-TRAIL not only looks sleek and stylish – it's designed to make every day driving a joy. There are a range of options including 2WD or 4WD, 5 or 7 seats, all packed with innovative features.
Nissan Pathfinder, one of Nissan's best known and most popular SUV models, is reborn in 2017 with more adventure capability, a freshened exterior look and the introduction of state-of-the-art Nissan Intelligent Mobility technologies.
We've been building strong, dependable pickups over many generations. We've pushed the boundaries of innovation to deliver what you need to get any job done. Now it's time to experience the excitement of the next generation Navara.
Nissan reserves the right to alter its fleet customer model, including in relation to eligibility and pricing, at any time without notice. Please contact Nissan Fleet to ensure you get the most up-to-date information.
*SL Dual Cab 4x4 in Manual transmission.