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Question: I've heard that reading a document aloud helps you catch more errors than reading it to yourself. Anybody out there have any experience with that? -- Julia
When my boss and I need to proofread something important, we print out two copies of the document and one of us reads it out loud while the other follows along with his/her copy. If you don't have another person, I think reading it out loud would be better than just reading it to yourself. Good luck!
Both sound like a good idea. And another one...although time consuming for long documents: Read it backwards. You'll catch a lot more errors. I use that trick. Because as you read along, your brain anticipates what's next and doesn't catch an error but reading word for word backwards forces your brain to concentrate on just that word.
Reading out loud helps because you are not just seeing the words, but hearing them as well. It acts as a check and balance system.
Great ideas. I do reserve the "reading a document backwards" for documents like contracts. Another idea is to read a document at a future time and/or date.
Reading outloud is a good way to find mistakes, for the most part. However a person tends to read what they think they have written and may miss certain words, like and, if, or, etc. Having another person follow as you read is the best way to catch 100% of typos.
Yes, reading out loud does help you catch mistakes. When you read quietly to yourself, you automatically add in the corrections without realizing it to maintain the flow. You can read much faster to yourself than you can read out loud. A mistake out loud will stop you because you will have to consciously correct it.
In my office, we do all of the above for important documents. Another thing you can do if you are by yourself is to put a ruler under each line of your printed document and read it one line at a time. With that method you can catch mistakes also because you are looking at the words "out of context".
Absolutely! A college professor taught me to read aloud when proofing papers because "the tongue doesn't lie", meaning, if you ears hear it and it sounds wrong, it is. Reading out loud enables your ears to catch mistakes that your eyes tend to gloss over.


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Lord Mikolaj Alexis Vasilko looks as if he's going to vomit. He's fallen to his knees after getting hit in the crotch with a rattan sword, and his face turns several shades of red before he finally collapses in a heap on the grass field.
A small crowd gathers to help Lord Vasilko, a.k.a. John Pliska, take off his armor, but for the most part the other medieval battles going on around them continue.
It's Wednesday night in Encanto Park, and fighter practice for the Society for Creative Anachronism is in full swing, so to speak. About 300 people are busy re-creating the Middle Ages in a frenetic weekly carnival that will end suddenly when the park's lights go off at ten o'clock.
Wearing authentic-looking armor and wielding wooden versions of swords and fiber-glass pikes and spears, the fighters are strewn across the battlefield in groups of two.
Surrounding the swordsmen is a motley collection of booksellers, jewelry vendors, snake handlers, jugglers and a royalty "holding court" in a chaotic scene watched by a few dozen (mostly confused) onlookers.
The resemblance to Camelot may be a little strained, but this is only practice, a weeknight event in preparation for the more elaborate "wars" and Renaissance fairs that SCA members participate in throughout the year. It's in these weeknight stagings of warfare that the medieval equivalent of the military grunt learns his craft, a process that many members devote years, even decades, of their lives to.
Don Perine (Viscount Sir Erick Von Straud) shows the others gathered around Pliska what happened to him. "He walked into it," he explains. "He just opened up and led with his left leg." Perine, whose white belt identifies him as a knight, reenacts the accident, slowly driving his rattan weapon into his own crotch as an illustration. It evokes winces all around.
His "sword" is about three feet long and an inch in diameter, and it's wrapped in electrical tape that's been chewed from colliding with metal armor. He repeats the lesson for the benefit of his "squires," two less experienced fighters who pay close attention.
A Bank of America employee during the day, Perine is, at 23, one of the younger "belted" fighters on the field. He's been fighting since he was 15, and the two squires who attend him treat him with a deference bordering on awe.
Disabling Pliska, another knight's squire, seems to put Perine in a bad mood. There's no honor, apparently, in causing bodily harm, especially to someone in a lower station.
They just want to "kill" each other, not cause injury.
Even the humblest warrior is covered in heavy protective gear: steel leg armor, leather body padding, an occasional breastplate for the torso, a metal collar around the neck, elbow and forearm pads, hockey gloves, the all-important helmet, and, of course, a cup. Pliska's didn't seem to help.
Fighters are on their honor to announce themselves "killed" when a sufficiently heavy blow strikes them on the helmet or torso. How hard is "sufficiently hard" is a matter of some dispute. So fighters, who are almost all male, lean into their hits with as much muscle as they can. The sound of wood crashing into armor echoes across the park.
Some of the squires and knights gather and set up like two football teams facing each other across a line of scrimmage. A signal is given and the two sides approach each other slowly, their pole arms outstretched to repel any sudden attack from the other side.
Pressed together tightly to prevent a breach, the "blues" gingerly poke at the "reds." The sparring intensifies until the two armies crowd in and finally burst into a violent free-for-all. The entire thing lasts about a minute. Children rush out to slain warriors with bottles of water. A few minutes later, another war is declared.
"I like the gratuitous wailing," comments Adam Rising, an onlooker. "I think they must get hit by a lot of friendly fire," he says as the war heats up again.
Jose Rodriguez and Jose Luis stare in disbelief. The two construction workers sit on a low wall taking in the spectacle.
"What are they doing?" they ask in Spanish. When it's explained that the European Middle Ages are being re-created, Rodriguez frowns and asks: "Where are the horses?"
Now in its 30th year of existence, the Society for Creative Anachronism is an elaborate subculture that exacts an extraordinary amount of dedication.
The rewards, say its adherents, are more than worth it. Players create personae and immerse themselves in a living romance. A lucky few may even become king or queen. It's a constant effort to make a chivalric past come alive. They re-create the Middle Ages not as it was, but as it "might have been." No reason to bring back serfs, slavery and the plague.
For the fighters, months of practice pay off in the large wars that occur in the spring and the fall. At the Baron's War which took place in Tucson on October 7 and 8, more than 1,000 participants staged a two-day battle between baronies from New Mexico, Arizona and Southern California.
Smaller tournaments and skirmishes occur nearly every weekend, and on weeknights practices are held in several Valley parks. "In this kingdom," says Tempe resident Frank Eager, "you can fight just about every night of the week.
"SCA members point out that fighting is not the sole focus of what they do--there's "court" and its elaborate rituals, costume work, historical research, medieval arts such as heraldry and brewing, and the general partying of the feast. But it's fighting that attracts onlookers, and it's fighting that tends to bring in new members.
Unlike other forms of exercise, slaying knights with rattan weapons isn't the kind of activity that's likely to score points at the office. So some SCA members choose to be quiet about their involvement, maintaining a fairly strict division between their workaday lives and their chivalric identities.
Under the lights of Encanto Park, the knights, squires, merchants and ladies come out and put away their "mundane" selves.
If fighters ignore the people who show up to gawk, it's because for many of them the fantasy becomes so palpable that the 20th century and its denizens, if only for a brief moment, cease to exist.
Matthew Richardson became King of Arizona, Utah, Montana and parts of Idaho, Colorado and Wyoming in an elaborate ceremony held at South McClintock Baptist Church on September 2. Actually, the kingdom goes by the name of "Atenveldt," and it's one of 11 that divide up the United States.
Four months earlier, Richardson had won a tournament in Missoula, Montana, which is the SCA's way of selecting its prospective monarchs. He first heard of the SCA 21 years ago when he read about it in his Tucson high school's newspaper and realized that it was exactly what he wanted to do.
Even then, at age 14, he dreamed of being king one day.
Looking back over his ascent, Richardson is particularly satisfied at the historically accurate progression of his career. A squire at 14, he was made a knight at 21, and became Prince of the Sun (Arizona's principality) at 27.
After two decades of fighting, Richardson had finally reached Atenveldt's ultimate throne at the age of 35. The black-robed king strode majestically up the church's aisle with his queen--his real-life girlfriend, Kathy Callahan--as five musicians struck up a medieval arrangement of Darth Vader's theme song.
Richardson did not become king without some controversy.
Central to the SCA way of life and method of determining battle is the concept of honor. It's something that permeates the SCA from the meanest chore to the most r rarefied court procedure.
But when all that separates a fighter and the throne is a few more rounds in the crown tourney, the temptation to wave off an opponent's hit can be great.
Richardson's predecessor decided at the Montana tournament that the temptation had gotten out of hand.
"Rhino-hides, they're called," says Richardson, remembering the two fighters who had finished ahead of him in the crown tournament. "Rhino-hides are guys you can't hit hard enough."
In a rare move, the reigning king disqualified the two top finishers, effectively awarding Richardson the crown.
"Your personal honor has to outweigh your desire to wear the hat," he says. "What makes the victory better for me is knowing that I lasted that long and my honor was still intact."
Richardson inherits a realm of 1,800 members, about 600 of whom live in the Phoenix area. Known to his subjects by the imposing name of Mathghamhain (pronounced "Mayen"), Richardson works for KUTP, Channel 45, where he oversees maintenance of equipment.
Like most serious SCA members, he has no trouble separating the two halves of his life. "There are people who get so involved in it that they lose track of the modern world," he admits. "We've had a few people like that, but they generally go away."
Still, boundaries do blur. His subordinates recognize him as king, even when he's not wearing his crown.
"It's kind of strange to be bowed to in Mega Foods," he says.
It all started as a going-away party.
Friends of Diana Paxon, a recent college grad who had majored in medieval history, wanted to give her an appropriate sendoff before she began her stint with the Peace Corps. So they dressed up as knights and noblewomen, held a tournament at arms and started a new society.
Starting new societies was the thing to do in Berkeley in 1966.
"Afterwards," says Lee Forgue, a member of the SCA board of directors, "the whole party walked down Telegraph Avenue protesting the 20th century."
"That's a Berkeley tradition, you know," she says. "If you're going to start any kind of revolution, you have to walk down Telegraph Avenue."
The fledgling movement got its name a few months later when it reserved a park for an event. That meant filling in a form with the name of the organization, so Marion Zimmer Bradley, an original member who would go on to fame as a science fiction writer, came up with "Society for Creative Anachronism" on the spot.
Three decades later, 26,000 dues-paying members are scattered throughout the "known world," as it's called. The SCA's popularity among U.S. servicemen and women has helped spread it overseas.
It's a nonprofit corporation with headquarters in Milpitas, California, but local kingdoms, principalities and baronies operate with considerable autonomy.
Atenveldt, the kingdom that includes Arizona, has a particularly powerful monarch whose "word is law," according to local players.
If the group has a countercultural past, its growth in recent years has steered it toward a more businesslike, establishment present. Events are planned far in advance and with a close attention to detail, and members like to point to the number of professionals--lawyers, doctors, businesspeople--who populate the ranks.
As its hippie origins fade, however, the SCA still contends with a perception that it's for outcasts and oddballs. "The SCA attracts the bright, literate misfits," admits Forgue. But she's quick to add: "It's a family organization. It's a really good place to raise your kids in."
Lady Ismania measures her opponent and then lets fly with a swing of the rattan sword in her left hand. She's one of the few female fighters at Encanto Park, and it doesn't take long for her foe to land a fatal blow to her helmet.
In the "mundane world," she's Michell Fulton, 24, a secretary who was planning her medieval-style wedding five years ago when she happened one night to drive by Encanto Park. She could hardly believe her eyes. She joined the Society for Creative Anachronism, canceled the wedding and, a year later, entered her first melee.
"You know that sound, that initial clash when a medieval battle starts in a movie? I always loved that sound, and it made me curious about fighting," she says.
She tried on another woman's suit of armor, liked it, and soon put together one of her own. "You can get a lot of hand-me-downs when you're first starting," she says.
But it's not easy being a woman in a sport dominated by men.
"You have to have a lot of heart to stay with it. At first it was hard. It's still hard. You have to be sneaky."
There's no segregation in battle. It wouldn't be "period." So except for an all-woman tournament that takes place at the largest annual SCA "war" in Pennsylvania each summer, women enter without regard to their gender. Fulton says it's rare that she's pitted against another woman in a tournament.
So she's learned to take on the men. And if they let up against her?
"Then they die," she says. "If they want to take it easy on me, I'll take advantage of it. On the other hand, I've heard people say that men hit women harder because they don't like women fighters. I don't think that's true. They hit me as hard as they hit each other."
So far, she's earned some respect from the men, but not a white belt. "There's not a woman knight out here," she says as she looks around the park. "I'd like to change that."
Her best result was reaching the fourth round of a tournament that produced a new prince. If she had won the tournament, it wouldn't have produced much of a gender crisis. "I'd be considered 'princess in her own right,'" she says. And her husband, Sir Kravon (William Fulton, 27), the one she met in SCA after breaking up with her previous fiance, would be considered "consort."
For an ancient order, the SCA is progressive that way. It has a reputation for being accepting, and that means a lot to players who can have a hard time finding tolerance in the mundane world.
Gay medievalists in particular extol the SCA's virtues.
"It's the most openly accepting group I've ever been a part of," says "Richard," whose homosexuality has "never been an issue" with his peers, he adds. A firefighter in real life, he asks for anonymity not for fear of what the SCA would think of his sexual orientation, but for what it might mean on the job.
Another gay player, "Anne," who is a prominent figure in the local organization, says that the play-acting nature of SCA encourages an acceptance of alternate lifestyles. "I've cross-dressed many times at SCA events," she says. "Sometimes I'm a male Viking, other times I'm a lady. I've always been 'out' in the society. I've had men fight for me. And I've fought championing a lady, but not in crown tourney."
It's a concession that the gay players seem very willing to make--if a gay or a lesbian fighter wins the crown tourney, he or she must still choose someone of the opposite sex to share the throne. In other words, a king couldn't select his boyfriend to be queen.
"To be able to put one of my female friends on the throne would be an honor," says Richard. "I accept the rules as they are," he adds. He says that gay kings have ruled SCA kingdoms in the past, and they will in the future.
"When you get to the peerage level, it's not just what you want, but what is good for everyone that you have to think about," says Anne. And that's something she's been concerned with for a long time in an SCA career that includes leading fighters in battle, peerage in service and the arts, and brewing the best beer at Atenveldt's largest war two years running. The thought of a New Times article about the SCA seems to thrill Anne at the same time that it makes her concerned.
It's a feeling many of her cohorts, such as longtime member Lynn Scott, share. Like other members who have played for many years, Scott seems defensive when she talks about the SCA. In the past, she says, the SCA has received some bad publicity.
"Every couple of years, people accuse us of being a cult. It's the church structure we have that seems to annoy some people. A Methodist minister helped found the structure of the SCA. And besides, you really can't study the Middle Ages without the occult and religion coming into play. Some find that upsetting," she says.
"We're not a cult. The mainstream churches that know about us realize we aren't a cult. In fact, we hold major formal affairs in church halls. But when a 'cult scare' happens in a community, we get a good looking-over."
Pastor Jim Henderson has rented the South McClintock Baptist Church for SCA events "two or three times."
"They were willing to meet the requirements we had about no smoking and no alcohol, and they paid the $500," Henderson says. "They're clean-living, decent folks. The ones I talked to all were Christians. I know everyone in the group isn't Christian, but you could say that about people in any organization. Or even all of the people in church on Sunday."
Countercultural appeal is important to many of the SCA's longtime players. Over the years, however, the SCA's elaborately layered orthodoxy has produced its share of dissatisfied subjects, and the large organization has produced numerous spin-off groups.
"Some people are disappointed when they join that they can't be king right off the bat," says Don Perine. He dismisses some of the smaller historical re-creation groups as simply disgruntled SCA players who couldn't cut it.
Maybe that's why there's an uneasiness between the Encanto Park warriors and the smaller group of medievalists working out on the field near the snack stand.
"That's Adria," Perine says with a look of irritation. The fighters he's referring to are clad in armor plate from head to toe, circling each other slowly. In their hands are real swords.
The Adrian Empire plays with "live steel," forgoing the use of wood in the name of realism.
The Adrian fighters circle each other cagily, swinging their swords at a speed that seems comically slow compared to the flailing of the wood-wielding SCA knights. But that slowness, and the sound of real swords hitting armor plate, does create a gripping realism.
If the SCA's play-acting is a little less realistic, it's something the members acknowledge with a philosophic shrug.
"They're crazy," says Perine. "We've got engineers in the SCA . . . [who] studied the use of wood weapons very carefully. They calculated that the tips of our swords get going over 90 miles per hour, that kind of thing. We've taken warfare with wood as far as it will go. But the Adrian Empire people and their steel weapons, they're still in the Dark Ages," he says without a hint of irony.
"I heard they gouged a guy's eye out."
Pancho Nuez is more than glad to talk about the accident that took away the sight in his left eye.
Outgoing and charismatic, the 25-year-old is an administrator in an insurance brokerage, and has been playing in the Adrian Empire for two years. On June 22, 1994, Nuez was "fighting Ren" at Encanto Park, which is fighting with rapier swords, the narrow fencing swords with protective tips.
Normally, Nuez would have used a standard fencing mask, but this night he was trying out a new helmet, one that had numerous openings. The openings were too small, however, to allow a capped sword to enter and strike the face.
When the fighting got intense, the sword of Nuez's opponent lost its protective tip. Neither of them realized it until the sword happened to go into one of the openings in Nuez's helmet.
"The sword tip hit me right here," he says, pointing at the spot above his upper lip on the left side, just beneath the nostril. "And my natural reflex was to pull my head back, which allowed the sword to go up my nose." Nuez remembers feeling an intense shot of pain in his left eye as he crumpled to the ground.
"Is my eye okay?" he asked the fighters who rushed to help him. "They told me my eye looked fine. But I couldn't see out of it. To this day I can't."
Unmarked, his face shows no sign of the injury.
Dr. Donald Miles, an eye specialist, treated Nuez at St. Joseph Hospital's emergency room. "He wasn't in much pain," Miles says. "The sword broke through the bony wall of the nasal area, then transversed into the eye socket." A bone chip had severed Nuez's optic nerve, leaving his left eye useless. "There's no repair for that," says Dr. Miles. The stroke was almost surgical in its precision.
"That's the amazing part; there was no loss of cerebral-spinal fluid, almost no blood, nothing. It was amazing." Dr. Miles estimates that if the sword had traveled another two inches, Nuez would be dead.
"I told him that I wouldn't [fight again]," Miles says. "But he says it was too improbable to happen again, and probably he's right."
Only three weeks after the accident, Nuez entered and won a live-steel tournament. He continues to fight regularly, chiding his friends to be careful or they'll lose an eye.
"I love to fight. If I lose the other eye," he says, "I'll figure out a way to put beepers on the sword tips so I can keep fighting."
On October 14, Adria's local kingdom chose Pancho Nuez to be its ruler. King Aod Verbluten I, the one-eyed, and Queen Isabella, Nuez's wife, Debbie, will serve a one-year term.
Nuez knows that the SCA considers the use of real weaponry unsafe. But he argues that the Adrian Empire's use of live steel has forced it to adopt a higher level of safety.
Besides, he says, looking across Encanto Park at the rattan warriors at full tilt, "The SCA is a bunch of guys with bats beating the hell out of each other. That's scary, man."
"We have a better injury rate than high school football," says Howard Noble, 34, who builds suits of armor in his Apache Junction workshop.
The Noble Armory sits in a nondescript business park on North Idaho Road and isn't much bigger than a garage. Strewn around the cinder-block building are various tools for bending, cutting, shaping and fluting metal. Pieces of armor in various states of manufacture lie about, some on oddly posed mannequins. The effect doesn't quite transport one to the Middle Ages, but it is otherworldly.
Noble limps around, pointing out tools that he's fabricated from odds and ends and various materials that he transforms into weaponry. Leaf springs from automobiles become swords. Bowling balls are used for shaping shoulder pieces. And--in an ironic reversal of the Biblical plaint--there are plowshares that he reworks into breastplate forms.
The armorer rests his hand on an anvil to give his aching back a rest. His limp is a result of a pinched nerve he suffered when a fighter he was training got a little too aggressive and forced Noble over backward. His doctor has told him to quit fighting for a year to allow muscle damage and a compressed disk in his back to heal.
Other than a broken arm a few years ago, the pinched nerve is the worst injury he's sustained while fighting in armor. But it's only a temporary setback.
Noble constructed his first suit of armor in 1985, but after making a few pieces for friends, he began to pursue it more seriously. He was a commercial account executive at Orkin Exterminating at the time, and when the company downsized in 1988, Noble decided to make armor his full-time job.
He's been in Apache Junction for two years, selling armor to SCA and Adria fighters alike, as well as to collectors, museums and film companies.
"SCA people see me at Encanto with a few pieces to sell, but generally they don't know all the things we're into," he says.
Noble's single employee, Marty McKinstray, 33, cites as an example the live shows they put on at Electric Ballroom. On November 8, McKinstray and several other fighters will put on a choreographed battle set to the music of Josiah, a local rock band.
"Part of it will be choreographed," McKinstray points out with some emphasis, "but not the actual fighting. That's real fighting that people will see at the show." Normally, Noble would be part of the show, but he's sitting this one out for his back's sake.
Because he sells to fighters who use both wooden and real weapons, Noble builds all of his armor to the stricter Adria standards. "I don't know, when I sell to somebody, what he's going to use it for. So I assume it's for live steel," he says. Without special features such as reinforcing tabs, armor built only for rattan would crush under the weight of a real ax or sword. That makes it more expensive, but Noble says he gives medievalists every break he can.
"I charge the museums more so I can charge SCA people less. SCA people have no money," he says.
A suit of armor for rattan weapons runs about $500. For live steel, which means covering more of the body, a fighter faces a minimum of about $900. More elaborate designs, such as the later "Gothic" armor of the 15th century, can exceed $4,000.
"The prices sound high, but if you think about it, you can spend $500 for everything you need to go skiing, then spend another 100 bucks every weekend you want to go. In SCA, after the front-end costs, it's pretty cheap," Noble says.
He hefts a helmet to point out all the work that goes into one of his pieces. There's the 40 to 50 hours of research that can go into a single helmet, the custom fitting to make sure armor wears well, and the decorative touches to make each piece unique.
"After that," Noble says, looking into the pointed faceplate, "a helmet is pretty much bulletproof."
The ambulances are guided onto the battlefield by a courtly looking woman gesturing with one hand and talking into a walkie-talkie with the other. Behind her, the armies have taken a break from defending the dirt "castle" and relax as their fallen comrade is attended to.
The Baron's War taking place at the Pima County Fairgrounds has been undone temporarily by Sean Delaney's heart palpitations, but it's a welcome break considering the high heat.
"Water? Water, m'lord?" is heard repeated again and again as women and children carrying soda bottles with water and Gatorade dart between the panting knights.
Delaney, 50, had been so grateful to get a drink of Gatorade from one of the water carriers that he'd forgotten he wasn't supposed to drink it. And he drank a lot of it. The diabetic felt pains in his chest and collapsed. He would spend the night in a hospital and be back at the war the next day.
After the ambulances drive away, the baronies realign their allegiances and begin fighting again.
It takes some imagination to consider the dirt pile a castle, but the violence of the conflict seems real enough. As the battle gets under way, the dead begin to gather at a distance to share their disappointment. It's no dishonor to be killed in battle, but it really bites to go out early.
As the outnumbered fighters attacking the castle's perimeter begin to lose the skirmish, the defenders come out and press their advantage. The intensity of some of the attacks is startling, and the noise is increased by the dead who are yelling encouragement.
"Open your fucking eyes!" one member of the corpse corps yells to a comrade who has gotten turned around and is attacking a teammate.
Then, suddenly, it ends. The castle has been successfully defended, and it's time for a dinner break.
"This is a good war to be at. It's a fun one," says John Pliska, who's escaped without injury so far. Between battles, Pliska and some of his fellow fighters from the Valley complain about "resurrections" that seem to be occurring. "How many times do you have to die to be dead?" Pliska asks.
A caravan of knight-laden cars drives back to the pavilions erected on the fairgrounds. Three armor-clad warriors rest in the trunk of a Cadillac as it raises red dust.
Near the encampment, the cavernous Old Pueblo Hall, all three acres of it, is filled with a medieval carnival. King Mathghamhain, Matt Richardson, strides majestically between booths which offer armor, garb, tarot readings and musical instruments. His subjects dutifully bow as he walks by.
It's turning out to be one of the most successful Baron's Wars ever, and attendance will even top 1,000. Sure, there's some tension with Caid, the Southern California kingdom, but that's always seemed to be the case.
"It gets tense in battle sometimes," says the king. "But after we fight each other, we drink together and chase each other's women and we're friendly again."
Nearby, Don Perine sits at a table and drinks tea from a goblet. He's wearing a magnificent black tunic with silver embroidery and high, glossy black boots. Behind him, a man with remarkable golden locks is singing period ballads to a crowd that shows its appreciation by putting beer tickets at his feet.
Perine reflects on the challenges facing the SCA as it continues to grow. He's worried about the "hill potatoes," the less desirable element that Encanto Park fighter practices seem to bring out of the woodwork. Whatever image problem the SCA might have, Perine thinks that it's the SCA's hangers-on, the ones who don't pay dues and don't contribute to fighting or service or the arts, who are responsible.
For Perine, the SCA is a serious mission with none of the countercultural allure that may have attracted its first generation of players. "The older crowd were disillusioned hippies who built something great," he says. "But there's a new crowd that's interested in making a change. I didn't join because I was disillusioned, I joined because I wanted to hit somebody."
He's still stung by the reaction of his mother, a strict Italian Roman Catholic, who was offended by what she perceived as the SCA's occultness. He seems intent on remaking the organization, and he knows the best way to do that is to become king.
Perine has won several recent tournaments, and the crown may not be far from his grasp.It might be the SCA's biggest paradox: that the leader of its polite society is chosen by brute force. And it's caused problems in the past.
Two years ago, a two-time former king was asked to leave the organization, a rare event that has left deep scars. Local players refuse to discuss it, and John Fulton, chairman of the SCA's board of directors, won't comment other than to quash rumors that a lawsuit had been filed by the ousted monarch.
The former king himself says he was simply too good a fighter. "A small faction manufactured evidence to kick me out. But really they just didn't like how I was running things. And if you fight better than everyone else, you get to run the club," he says.
Still bitter and embarrassed by the removal, he asked that his name not be used.
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"You may not notice it when you're rising up the ranks, but there's really a lot of politics involved in the SCA," he says. "There's a lot of good people in it. But there are certain people who don't want it to change, who want to keep control. I still don't know what I did wrong."
The current monarch acknowledges that a vocal minority favors a different method of selecting the king and queen. "Some people would like to see a system where a potential king gathered support and then fought for the throne. Other than that, no one's come up with an alternative," Matt Richardson says.
As the November 4 crown tourney approaches, there are grumblings in the realms about the new king. Rumors that he has banned a knight from the competition and may ban others has some fighters concerned.
Richardson dismisses the talk as just that--talk."I remember I used to complain with my friends about the throne, and now that I'm on it, they're still complaining. It's changed my perspective."
He's still glad that he's achieved his 20-year goal to wear Atenveldt's crown. But now that he's been king for several weeks, he's finding that ruling 1,800 subjects can be a royal pain in the ass.

subset: commoncrawl


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Sales of Fujitsu Siemens Computers in the Middle East grow by 77%
Fujitsu Siemens Computers, the leading international IT company, has announced a profit before tax of 62 million Euro for the 2003-2004 fiscal year. This represents an 8 per cent increase over the previous fiscal year, and is 5 million Euro higher than the last forecast given in March
In the Middle East and Africa (MEA) market, FSC recorded a growth of 77 per cent. The key growth areas were mobility and servers, with the mobility sector growing by 80 per cent and servers by 147 per cent, mainly in the markets of Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman and the Levant.
Saudi Arabia, the biggest single market in the Middle East, showed substantial growth across all areas, including desktops, notebooks and servers in the financial year 2003-2004.
FSC continued its strong performance in the first quarter of 2004. In Egypt, it recorded almost 200 per cent growth compared to the first quarter of 2003, while the top player declined by 18.6 per cent. Servers and mobility products grew by a whopping 737 per cent. (Albawaba.com)
© 2004 Mena Report (www.menareport.com)
Top Headlines
- Fujitsu Siemens computers doubles Q2 Mid East and Africa x86 server sales
- Fujitsu Siemens Computers beats competition to secure top spot for desktop sales in Egypt
- Fujitsu Siemens Computers beats competition to secure top spot for desktop sales in Egypt
- fujitsu siemens computers announces stronger profit for the first-half fiscal year
- Fujitsu Siemens Computers introduces SCENIC C620 to its range of Green PCs


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McDonald's Upside-Down Flag Creates Controversy
In what is turning into a mini post-election controversy, a McDonald's has been the subject of scrutiny after it became known that the fast food establishment flew the flag upside down and at half-mast.
The McDonalds franchise is located in Brooke County, West Virginia, in the town of Follansbee, and was noticed by passing motorists early Wednesday morning.
When a flag is flown upside down it represents distress, and an American flag flown at half-mast represents a state of mourning or grief. Some thought it was a disrespectful act in protest of the outcome of the election, and after several complaints and inquiries concerning the flag, it was removed later Wednesday morning.
"I think that's a stab at us. It doesn't make sense why anyone would want to do that. That's a distress signal, and maybe they didn't know that, but we know that," Lou Headman, a veteran, told WPIX.
A manager of the store took to social media to explain that while they flew the flag at half-mast intentionally; having the flag also fly upside down was just an accident.
"I just want to say: I am a manager at that McDonald's. The flag was to be flown at half-staff as per McDonald's Corporation. As for it being flown upside down--it was a complete and total accident. NO ONE at our store would PURPOSELY fly the flag upside down. Our flag pole is actually broken, and we are unable to move the flag," the manager wrote on WTOV's Facebook page.
After attention to the flag grew, the owner of the McDonalds franchise revealed that the reason the flag was upside down was due to broken flag pole cables.
"Unfortunately, a flag cable broke and during the process of trying the fix the flag, it was inadvertently turned upside down. It wasn't noticed that the flag was upside down until a customer inquired about it," Karen Mezan, the McDonald's franchisee owner, said in a statement.


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There are several steps involved in the removal and replacement of the highway surface and sub-structure.
- Shifting traffic — Crews establish a work zone and work with paint and barrier wall crews.
- Demolishing the road — There are several parts involved in this process and they include milling, or removing the asphalt, breaking the concrete, moving the material out of the way and then crushing it.
- Pipe installation — This involves digging up and removing old pipe and installing new pipe.
–NCDOTcommunications on YouTube
Tags: NC, NCDOT, NCDOTcommunications, North Carolina, North Carolina Department of Transportation, Video, YouTube


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Legal Question in Family Law in Texas
Geographical Restrictions
My divorce is final. I have a child by my ex, we have joint managing conservertor ship. I am under geographical restriction, my papers conclude of an uplifting if he is to move out of the 100 mile radius first. He has just gotten married and has just had a baby. I have 3 children and I am wanting to get married, but it will cause me moving to another state, because my fiance is starting college there. The question is, what are my chances of being able to uplift my restriction, and can they hold me here, while I am trying to get on with my life, my child does live with me, and my ex gets visitation, my fiance and I have already had to be seperated for 8 months because of this matter. Please, if you could help me on this, I would be up most greatful. Thank you so much, and your website is wonderful. Thankyou,
1 Answer from Attorneys
Re: Geographical Restrictions
I offer a free phone consultation for people living in the Houston area. I'll need to know your court number to determine who the Judge is on your case.
Basically, if the father still lives in the county and you want to move away, he can fight the move.
Only the child is restricted - you can move anywhere. However, primary custody would go to the father and you would have visitation rights.
Fran Brochstein


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Although we do like to use more "click-baity" headlines here at NextShark, we by strive to actually follow through with what we promised. So when we say that this story of the "world's luckiest unlucky man" is unbelievable, we freaking mean it. Check out the illustration video below about Frane Selak, a Croatian music teach whom has escaped death seven times through unlucky accidents, only to win the lottery in 2003.
This Story of the 'Luckiest Unlucky Man' to Ever Live is Unbelievable
Posted on


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TEQSA's Regulatory Authority Under the ESOS Act
Under the Education Services for Overseas Students Act 2000 (ESOS Act), TEQSA is the designated and delegated authority for higher education providers registered under the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency Act 2011 (TEQSA Act), for providers of Foundation Programs and for providers of ELICOS courses of study in a pathway arrangement with a registered higher education provider.
TEQSA assesses applications for inclusion on the Commonwealth Register of Institutions and Courses for Overseas Students (CRICOS) and may approve that a provider be registered on CRICOS.
To become registered to deliver courses to overseas students a provider needs to apply for CRICOS registration, and have the courses and locations at which it wishes to deliver to overseas students in its scope of CRICOS registration.
CRICOS-registered providers can only offer courses to overseas students who have an Australian student visa.
CRICOS is the Commonwealth Register of Institutions and Courses for Overseas Students.
The CRICOS website is a searchable database managed by the Department of Education (DoE) under the ESOS legislative framework. CRICOS provides details of those education institutions approved to recruit, enroll and deliver education and training services to overseas students, and details of their courses.
National CRICOS registration
Changes to the ESOS Act which came into effect on 1 July 2012 have introduced national registration on CRICOS for education providers operating in more than one location, state or territory.
Previously, a provider seeking to deliver courses in another state or territory was required to apply for a new CRICOS registration. Since 1 July 2012, CRICOS registration is by course/by location and providers may now simply apply to add a new location with at least one course to an existing CRICOS registration number.
TEQSA will assess each new location against all registration criteria under the ESOS Act, and each course must be approved for delivery at each location before registration on CRICOS.
TEQSA is also working with providers that have multiple registrations to consolidate them under one national CRICOS registration number.
TEQSA Provider Case Managers are in contact with providers to discuss specific plans for amalgamating CRICOS registrations before the next registration comes up for renewal to support a streamlined application process. It will be the provider's responsibility to ensure all course information at all locations in PRISMS is accurate or corrected at this time. PRISMS will retain all historical information and automatically redirect prospective students searching by retired CRICOS numbers.
Additional information
About the ESOS legislative framework
The ESOS Act and the associated legislation form the legal framework for the provision of education services to overseas students.
The ESOS legislative framework (available on the Federal Register of Legislative Instruments) sets out roles and responsibilities for education providers who wish to deliver courses to overseas students:
- Education Services for Overseas Students Act 2000
- Education Services for Overseas Students Regulations 2001
- Education Services for Overseas Students (Registration Charges) Act 1997
- National Code of Practice for Registration Authorities and Providers of Education and Training to Overseas Students 2007
- National Standards for Foundation Programs
- ELICOS National Standards
Main menu
- About TEQSA
- Regulatory Approach
- For Providers
- Applying under the new standards
- Provider portal
- Provider obligations
- Registration and renewal
- Course accreditation and renewal
- Initial CRICOS registration
- CRICOS re-registration
- Notifications and approvals required of CRICOS registered providers
- Add one or more course of study on CRICOS
- Foundation Programs and ELICOS
- Withdraw one or more course of study from CRICOS or cancel CRICOS registration
- Other changes to CRICOS registration
- Quality Assessments
- TEQSA fees
- Provider resources
- Admissions Transparency
- For Students
- National Register
- News & Publications


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Obesity is not an eating disorder. It is not even a psychological disorder. But it is often mistaken for both, which is why we have something to say about it here.
Eating Well at Brown
What is it?
Obesity is a physical condition, and technical definitions of obesity are an attempt to define a certain level of body fatness. Because actual and accurate assessments of body composition are not available in most clinical settings, an attempt has been made to define obesity as a function of body weight instead. This practice has obvious limitations, because people at higher weights due to muscle mass (such as athletes) would be misclassified. Nevertheless, obesity has been defined as being at 130% of estimated ideal body weight; it has also been defined as a Body Mass Index of 30.
What do we know about the causes of obesity?
According to the most recent statistics, 66% of American adults are overweight or obese, with 1 in 3 adults meeting the criteria for obesity. But despite the prevalence of higher body weight in America, much of American society is extremely prejudiced against overweight people. Overweight and obesity continue to be framed as issues of character, and overweight people are frequently treated as though they are gluttonous or lacking in self-discipline. Even when obesity is framed as a multi-factorial medical condition, prevailing messages remain simplistic and judgmental: Anyone who is determined to lose weight can and should do so; all you have to do is "eat right and exercise."
In fact, there is no single understood cause of obesity. Genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and lifestyle habits are all important factors, but how these factors come together to create and maintain weight in a given person is still the focus of ongoing scientific research. Certain medical conditions, medical treatments, and drugs can also result in obesity. Obesity is found to be more common among those of lower socioeconomic status, and among certain minority populations. The reason for these last associations is multi-determined (e.g. genetic factors, less access to costly "whole foods" and produce), but the link often unfairly reinforces certain stereotypes held about people of color and those with fewer economic resources.
What is the relationship between obesity and health?
Obesity has been associated with increased risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, coronary artery disease, and many other serious medical conditions. Many scientists, however, are beginning to question whether the health hazards of obesity have been overstated. Steven Blair, exercise researcher and director of the Cooper Clinic, notes that "much of the extant prospective data indicate that there is little difference in mortality risk across a very wide range of BMI values, and these associations may be different for various population sub-groups."
Linda Bacon, Ph. D., nutrition professor and author of Health at Every Size: The Surprising Truth About Your Weight, points out that many of the studies that look at the relationship between weight and health fail to include important lifestyle factors like physical activity, nutrient intake, weight cycling, or socioeconomic status, and that when studies do control for these factors, " the increased risk of disease disappears or is significantly reduced."
In fact, lifestyle choices may be the key to improving health-whether or not they result in weight loss. In 2005, Bacon directed a study that compared changes in weight, labwork, eating behavior, eating attitudes and psychology between two groups of obese women receiving 6 months of weekly group education. The first group received behavior-based weight loss education which included nutrition information, moderate calorie and fat restriction, keeping a food diary, and monitoring weight. The second group used a Health At Every Size (HAES) approach which focused on body acceptance, decreasing restrictive eating, increasing attendance to internal cues for hunger and satiety, nutrition information, and addressing barriers to enjoyable physical activity.
The results were pretty striking. At the two-year follow-up point, the HAES group showed sustained and significant improvements in total cholesterol, LDL, blood pressure, moderate physical activity, restricted eating, susceptibility to hunger, body dissatisfaction, and self-esteem. The diet group did not sustain positive changes in any of these areas, and in fact, self-esteem was shown to be significantly worse at the two-year follow-up point. 53% of the diet participants expressed feelings of failure, compared with 0% of the HAES group.
What can you do?
If you are concerned about obesity, there are several steps you can take:
Consider speaking to your healthcare provider to get a realistic and objective evaluation of your weight and your health.
Choose to focus on things you can control, like self-care choices about food, physical activity, stress management and sleep. You can't directly control your weight; only your body knows where it's meant to be when your self-care practices are fairly consistent, so measure your success in terms of your actions and improved health indices-NOT the number on the scale. If you are a Brown student, the Health Services nutritionist can help you assess your patterns with food and physical activity and make changes that will last.
Enlist the support of family, friends and peers in making lifestyle changes you feel good about.
If psychological factors have played a role in the development of overweight, a professional counselor or psychotherapist may be very helpful in exploring the roots of the problem and finding new ways to cope.
Most importantly, you should be gentle and patient with yourself. Making permanent changes in your self-care routine is hard work and it is normal to have setbacks.
On-Campus Resources
BWell Health Promotion 401.863-2794
Located on the third floor of Health Services.
Confidential information or care is available through individual appointments or phone consultation with a Nutritionist. Students can discuss personal eating concerns, as well as any concerns they may have regarding a friend, a roommate, or a teammate. Health Promotion also offers workshops, pamphlets, and reading materials covering these and related issues. There are no fees for Health Promotion services.
University Health Services 401.863-3953
Located at the corner of Brown and Charlesfield streets.
Confidential information and care is available on a walk-in, or by scheduled appointment basis. Care is available for initial, current or past disordered eating patients. There are no fees for medical care at Health Services. However, there may be fees incurred if laboratory tests, medications, specialist or emergency hospital care is needed.
Counseling and Psychological Services 401.863-3476
Located on the fifth floor of J. Walter Wilson.
Confidential appointments are available at Counseling and Psychological Services for students concerned about their eating issues. Guidance is also available for those who are concerned about a friend, roommate, or teammates' eating. Services include crisis intervention, short-term psychotherapy and referrals. There are no fees for appointments at Counseling and Psychological Services.
Related Links
The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
Daily Tips and Feature Topics often have articles of interest. By sending an email to firstname.lastname@example.com, you can ask questions directly of registered dietitians in your area. Nutrition Network is a national referral service for registered dietitians in their areas nutrition. Award winning web site.
Body Positive
This site looks at ways we can feel good in the bodies we have. One of their slogans: "Remember, your body hears everything you think." Other topics on the web site: Size Acceptance; What do you say when everyone around you is dieting? 200 Ways to Love the Body You Have; Dieting Detox; Evaluating Weight Loss Programs: What are the Red Flags? Free subscription to email newsletter "Body Positive Pages."
American Heart Association
Go Red BetterU is a FREE 12-week online nutrition and fitness program that can makeover your heart. Each week will focus on a different area and provide step-by-step guidance. You'll have access to everything from daily expert tips and an online journal to a downloadable coaching tool.
Article on using vitamin and mineral supplements wisely plus an index of related topics.


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This has been going on for years,
Well I don't get it so what? What's your point as if couldn't already guess.
by Scott Bateman16 months ago
I'm always amazed at how many people don't understand Fox News. It has a successful business strategy of appealing to people's conservative biases, which is why a majority of viewers are conservative Republicans.Fox is...
by Barefootfae4 years ago
http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/oba … 65036.htmlIs there anyone who sits in front of a camera at MSNBC whom you actually believe has an ounce of common sense? So why in the wide wide world of sports would you...
by James Smith4 years ago
http://stateofthemedia.org/2013/special … landscape/Note for fans of Fox News that will almost certainly jump on this:Please stop watching it, it's still awful.This survey comprehensively analysed the changing...
by Holle Abee5 years ago
According to a poll conducted by Suffolk University, the most trusted news source in the US is FOX, at 28%.2. CNN - 18%3. NBC - 10%4. MSNBS - 7%5. CBS and ABC (tie) - 6%The most trusted anchor was O'Reilly, at 9%.2....
by fishskinfreak20087 years ago
Web-site/URL: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/36020850/ns … itol_hill/It's still nasty, nastier than we've ever seen
by Stacie L7 years ago
MSNBC suspends Olbermann over political contributionswell now it's Keith...Politico reported Friday that Olbermann gave the maximum individual donation of $2,400 to three candidates in Tuesday's election: Arizona Reps....
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David Walmer
David Walmer, MD, PhD began his academic career at Duke in 1987 as a physician scientist studying the mechanism of action of estrogen in collaboration with John McLachlan, PhD at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.
In 1993, David's academic interests shifted to global health after meeting Dr. Jean Claude Fertillien in Leogane, Haiti. Together David and Jean Claude began a 23 year research campaign to develop a scalable model for cervical cancer prevention that could be realistically grown into a national program. That journey led David & his wife Kathy to found Family Health Ministries (FHM) in 2000.
To date under the direction of Dr. Walmer, FHM's cervical cancer prevention efforts have led to
1. the discovery of problems with obscuring inflammation when using cervical cytology as a primary screening strategy
2. the invention of a battery-operated portable colposcope (CerviScope)
3. the introduction of HPV screening as a primary screen for cervical dysplasia
4. the adoption of vaginal self-sampling as an acceptable screening method for cervical dysplasia
5. opening of Haiti's 1st HPV testing laboratory
6. the introduction of digital pathology to Haiti through a collaboration with PathForce Dx
7. the formation of 'Haiti sans Cervical Cancer' an organization committed to unifying cervical cancer prevention efforts in Haiti
Dr. Walmer and FHM has also been investigating women and children's health care issues in the mountains of the Leogane Commune for 20 years. In March 2016 FHM is opening the Carmelle Voltaire Women's Center, which will begin to provide health care services while continuing to investigate strategies for improving women and children's health care in rural Haiti.
Most recently David began investigating the impact of hypertension on health in Haiti in partnership with Duke Faculty member Joel Boggan, MD.
Many Duke Students (undergraduate SRT program, graduate MSGH program) have contributed to FHM's global health research efforts.
Recent Publications
Kligerman M, Walmer D, Merrell SB . (2015)The socioeconomic impact of international aid: a qualitative study of healthcare recovery inpost-earthquake Haiti and implications for future disaster relief.Global Public Health, 2015 Nov 13:1-14, PMID: 26565063.
Kligerman, M., Barry, M., Walmer, D., & Bendavid, E. (2015).International Aid and Natural Disasters: A Pre- and Post-Earthquake Longitudinal Study of theHealthcare Infrastructure in Leogane, Haiti.The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 92(2), 448—453.
Boggan, J. C., Walmer, D. K., Henderson, G., Chakhtoura, N., McCarthy, S. H., Beauvais, H. J., &Smith, J. S. (2015). Vaginal self-sampling for HPV infection as a primary cervical cancerscreening tool in a Haitian population. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 42(11), 655—659.
Boggan JC, Walmer DK, HendersonG,Chakhtoura N, McCarthy SH, Beauvais HJ, Smith JS. PhD3,7 Vaginal self-sampling for HPV infection as a primary cervical cancer screening tool in a Haitian population, Sexually Transmitted Diseases 42(11):655-659,2015
The Socioeconomic Impact of International Aid: A Qualitative Study of Aid and Healthcare Recovery in Post- Earthquake Haiti. Maxwell Kligerman, David Walmer & Sylvia Bereknyei Merrell, Global PublicHealth DOI:1 0.1080/17441692.2015.1094111
Kligerman M, Barry M, Walmer D, Bendavid E. International Aid and Natural Disasters: A Pre-and Post-Earthquake Longitudinal Study of the Healthcare Infrastructure in Leogane, Haiti. Amierican Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 92(2):448-453,2015, DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.14-0379
Walmer DK, Eder PS, Bell L, Salim H, Kobayashi L, Ndirangu J, Tinfo N, Castle PE. Human Papillomavirus Prevalence in a Population of Women Living in Port-au-Prince and Leogane, Haiti, PLoS One. 2013 Oct 3;8(10):e76110. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076110.
Peragallo Urrutia R, Merisier D, Small M, Urrutia E, Tinfo N, Walmer DK. Unmet health needs identified by Haitian women as priorities for attention: a qualitative study. Reprod Health Matters. 2012 Jun;20(39):93-103.
Urrutia RP, Merisier D, Small M, Urrutia E, Walmer DK. Unmet health needs identified by Haitian women as priorities for attention: a qualitative study. Reproductive Health Matters May 2012.
Chang V T-C, Merisier D, Yu B, Walmer DK, Ramanujam N. Towards a field-compatible optical spectroscopic device for cervical cancer screening in resource-limited settings: effects of calibration and pressure. Optics Express September 2011; 19(19): 17908-24.
Yang HP, Walmer DK, Merisier D, Gage JC, Bell L, Rangwala S, Shrestha N, Kobayashi L, Eder PS, Castle PE. A pilot analytic study of a research-level, lower-cost human papillomavirus 16, 18, and 45 test. J Virol Methods. 2011 Sep;176(1-2):112-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.05.024. Epub 2011 May 27.
Vivide Tuan-Chyan Chang, Delson Merisier, Bing Yu, David K. Walmer, Nirmala Ramanujam. Calibration schemes of a field-compatible optical spectroscopic system to quantify neovascular changes in the dysplastic cervix. Proc SPIE 02/2011; DOI:10.1117/12.875855
Lai BE. Henderson MH. Peters JJ. Walmer DK. Katz DF. Transport theory for HIV diffusion through in vivo distributions of topical microbicide gels. Biophysical Journal. 97(9):2379-87, 2009 Nov 4.
Obure J, Olala O, Swai B, Mlay P, Masenga G, Walmer D. Prevalence and severity of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion in a tertiary hospital in Northern Tanzania. Tanzania Journal of Health Research 11(4):163-9, 2009 Oct.
Henderson MH, Couchman BC, Walmer DK, Peters JJ, Owen DH, Brown MA, Lavine ML, Katz DF, Optical imaging and analysis of human vaginal coating by drug delivery gels. Contraception 75:142-151, 2007


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Via WHD:
[T]he most recent information about salary regarding Obama's secretary is for his former secretary, Katie Johnson, who is listed by the White House as having made $90,000 in 2010.
According to Wikipedia, Johnson is 31 years old and now attends Harvard Law School. I don't know about her personal life or what her deductions would be, but if we assume she has two children like the Obamas, her taxable income would be about 73,000, her federal taxes would amount to about $14,000, and her Social Security taxes would be about $5,000.
That adds up to a total federal tax burden of $19,000 on $90,000 in adjusted gross income, or a tax rate of 21 percent, just above Obama's rate of 20.5 percent.
Update: And Obama doesn't even qualify for the "Buffett Rule."
(ABC News) — President Obama today released his 2011 federal income tax, with he and his wife reporting an adjusted gross income of $789,674. The Obamas paid $162,074 in total tax — an effective federal income tax rate of 20.5%. The Obamas also reported donating approximately 22% of their income to charity — $172,130.
President Obama has been making a big political push for the "Buffett Rule," which would require millionaires to pay a minimum of 30% of their income in taxes. To illustrate the point, the president has pointed out that billionaire investor Warren Buffett pays a lower tax rate than does his secretary.
President Obama's secretary, Anita Decker Breckenridge, makes $95,000 a year. White House spokeswoman Amy Brundage tells ABC News that Breckenridge "pays a slightly higher rate this year on her substantially lower income, which is exactly why we need to reform our tax code and ask the wealthiest to pay their fair share."
It should be noted that president would not be impacted by the Buffett Rule, though he would see his taxes go up if the so-called Bush tax cuts on higher income wage-earners were allowed to expire, as the president says he wants.


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Results 1 to 5 of 11
Thread: Middles for Lucian and Jasper
Hybrid View
February 2nd, 2014 09:31 AM #1Junior Member
- Join Date
- Jan 2014
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- 27
Middles for Lucian and Jasper
I decided to start this off as a new thread, since my last one was more of an announcement that we picked Jasper to go with Lucian.
Here are some of the ideas we like:
Lucian James and Jasper Leo (not so sure about this. James is the only J name we like paired with Lucian so far, but it is a random pick and seems a little plain for us).
Lucian Alexander and Jasper Leo
Lucian Atticus and Jasper Leo
Lucian Alexander and Jasper William
All input is welcome. Feel free to suggest more combos. Thank you for the help you have given so far!
February 2nd, 2014 10:57 AM #3
First off: I love Lucian and Jasper. What a great two-some. Bravo!! Both so handsome and yet distinct I love it.
Second - a few observations: a) Honestly, I'm not sure how James is more plain that Leo or William. They all seem to come from the same classic name pot in my mind. b) Your first combos are inverted a LJ and JL. Is that something you want to stick with?
Lucian Jeremiah
Lucian Jael
Lucian Joaquin
Lucian Julius
Jasper Leonidas
Jasper Logan
Jasper Loren
Jasper Lazar
Lucian Yarrow and Jasper Oberon
Lucian Pascale and Jasper Sebastian
Lucian Maverick and Jasper Hawthorne
Lucian Zane and Jasper Felix
Lucian Cedric and Jasper EoinLittle Lorelei - May 2016Endora - Freya - Merida - Viola - Zelda
Dexter - Felix - Gideon - Hendrik - Victor
Etsy Shop: Pineapple & Fox
February 2nd, 2014 12:10 PM #5Senior Member
- Join Date
- Jun 2012
- Posts
- 266
February 4th, 2014 11:14 PM #7Junior Member
- Join Date
- Jan 2014
- Posts
- 27
James. It seems plain to us, more because it was one we picked at random and it's really popular and seems like a middle name that a lot of people we know have. Alexander and William are ones that we have loved for a long time, and almost considered them as the twins' first names until we decided to go with something more unique.
I love your suggestions of Maverick, Hawthorne, Zane, and Felix!
February 2nd, 2014 11:56 PM #9
Oh, I'm so glad you liked the suggestions I posted on your other thread! So clearly I'm biased a little. Such amazing names, my favourites :
Lucian Alexander & Jasper Leo
Lucian Atticus & Jasper Leo
Don't pick James just because of the "J" if you're not in love with it! Though I think James is a great name.Mickie♣ Rose Celia ♣ Elise ? ♣
♣ Benoit Leo ♣


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Kraig Chiles scored three goals and teammate Brian Farber had two and an assist as the Sockers extended their winning streak to 33 games with an 8-4 victory over the host Turlock Express on Friday night.
Chiles' latest outburst gave him 45 goals for the season, a team record.
The Sockers (15-0) host the Tacoma Stars in the regular season finale at Del Mar Arena on Saturday night. A victory would make the Sockers the first Professional Arena Soccer League team to compile a perfect regular-season record.


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Image copyright: ebay
Please sign in to comment. Don't have a profile? Join now! Joining is absolutely free and no personal information is required.
I enjoyed it, too. I was so happy to find this treasure on the net. I have some vintage hot pink samsonite luggage to post one of these days. Glad you had fun.
That was as much fun as the pink Singer Featherweight sewing machine someone once put on!!!


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Hooo… sweet baby Jesus! Now I remember why I buried you in my cupboard, Licorice Twist.
Dry smell? Could almost pass for green licorice.
Steeping? Oh god it looks like grass, it smells like grass, it tastes like a freshly mown lawn (don't ask how I know, xD) blended with what used to be mint in a past life. To top it off, its a bit spicy too.
Blech. This does not taste like licorice. Maybe licorice chopped up in a bowl of steaming hot water… with grass clippings?


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ChinaFAQs: Forestry in China
Key Points
- Since 1981, China has planted more than 40 billion trees, doubling forest cover. China's forests now cover 175 million hectares – an area the size of Alaska.
- Currently China is pumping more than $80 billion into its forestry programs.
- New targets aim for 26% forest cover by 2050, and 40 million new hectares (over 2005 levels) by 2020.
Could growing more trees help China offset its growing emissions of greenhouse gases?
It's a question that both scientists and policymakers are seriously examining as China moves ahead with one of the world's largest reforestation programs – and seeks strategies for reducing its impact on the global climate. According to the Sixth National Forest Survey, the total of China's living forest stocks is around 13.62 billion cubic meters, and annual incremental volume added is 500 million cubic meters.
Ultimately, the ability of China's efforts to contribute to national and global mitigation efforts could depend on further policy reforms that have to encourage long-term forest stewardship, both at home and abroad.
Forests as Carbon Sinks
The concept of using trees as "sponges" that can remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere has been around for decades. Indeed, forests are one of the planet's major carbon storage "sinks," and climate negotiators have long discussed how nations might curb climate change by rewarding people for planting new trees or preserving existing forests.
China is a potentially giant testing ground for such ideas. In recent years, it has launched an unprecedented effort to restore forests ravaged by decades of population growth, logging and poor management. And those efforts have paid off: Since 1981, China has planted more than 40 billion trees, helping more than double forest cover from 8.6% in the 1950s to over 18.0% in 2005. According to the State Forestry Administration, China's forests now cover 175 million hectares–an area the size of Alaska.i
While 50 years ago, China's declining forests were a major contributor of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere due to clearing, now they are a growing carbon storehouse.ii In 2000, for instance, scientists estimate that China's expanding forests stored enough carbon to offset 21% of its emissions from burning fossil fuels.iii The deputy head of China's State Forestry Administration recently estimated that more than 5 billion tons of CO2 emissions were saved over the past 25 years via programs to replant trees, manage existing forests and to avoid deforestation.iv
These gains are in large part due to policy measures enacted in the 1990s and 2000s. China's current forested area of 175 million hectares represents an increase in forest cover from 13.9% in the early 1990s to 18.2% in 2005.v And Chinese officials are seeking to expand upon these successes. In his September 2009 speech to the United Nations, Chinese President Hu Jintao announced China's goal of increasing forested area by 40 million hectares (over 2005 levels) by 2020 ; and forest cover is expected to reach 26.0% of total land cover by 2050.vi,vii
Key Forestry Projects
To sustain the reforestation trend, China is pumping more than $80 billion into "Six Key Forestry Programs' (SKFPs). China launched the first program, the Natural Forest Protection Program (NFPP), in 1998 following devastating floods linked to deforestation. The five others soon followed. These six programs are implemented through 14 forestry administrative regulations, 31 forestry sectoral rules, and over 300 local regulations at the local level. By 2005, there were 2,349 nature reserves across China.
The programs have paid for urban tree planting, the development of fast-growing timber plantations, and efforts to roll back deserts and take highly erodible lands out of agricultural production. According to the government, the SKFPs have led to 30 million hectares of new forest, logging bans and tighter conservation regulations on more than 90 million hectares of sensitive natural forests (mostly in northeastern China), and the aerial seeding of 3.26 million hectares of degraded land. All in all, the Six Key Forestry Programs are expected to have created 76 million hectares of new forest (including 53 million hectares of commercial forest), and protected reserves covering 16.1% of China's land area.viii
At the same time, China is rewriting its land ownership and taxation rules in an effort to give private landowners greater incentives for long-term stewardship. In the province of Fujian, for instance, officials in 2003 began privatizing the 80 percent of forestland that had been held collectively. Other provinces have since embarked on similar efforts. In June 2008, the central government also extended land-use lease rights from 35 years to 70 years in an effort to foster long-term planning. The government has also reduced national and local land taxes to encourage investment.ix
There are a number of obstacles to achieving these goals. Coordination between the national and local governments is often poor, leading to wasted resources. And demand for wood products in China has been outpacing supply. This has lead both to increased pressure on domestic wood sources, and also growing efforts to find wood in other countries – sometimes leading to unsustainable logging to feed the Chinese market. China now imports 36 percent of its logs, for instance, and wood imports increased by 28 percent annually over the last ten years. So while China could end up expanding its own forests, it could contribute to deforestation—and increased emissions—elsewhere.x
Nonetheless, achievements in reforestation and forestry management count among China's environmental success stories. Chinese officials hope that steps taken under the Six Key Forestry Programs will help both achieve environmental goals – such as greater carbon sequestration – and provide a stable source of wood and fiber for its economy. The stakes are high: China is already the world's largest exporter of wood products, and the second largest importer (after the United States).xi If the gains achieved in recent decades are sustained, China's forests will play an increasingly important role in offsetting its carbon dioxide emissions.
|Notes and References
|i EXinhua News Agency (3/20/09), "Developments in China's forestry sector"; State Forestry Administration, "China's Efforts and Achievements in Mitigating Climate Change on Forest Sector," www.sfmchina.cn/english/industries03.asp?proid=3204&id=178.
|iiIn 1998, China's forests were estimated to be absorbing about 20 billion tons of carbon per year; the carbon sink was estimated to be roughly equal to that created by U.S. forests, even though U.S. forestlands are larger. See: Fang, J et al. Changes in Forest Biomass Carbon Storage in China Between 1949 and 1998. Science 292, 2001.
|iiiCanadell, JG & M. Raupach. Managing Forests for Climate Change Mitigation. Science 320, June 2008, pp. 1456-7.
|ivXinhua News Agency (12/10/09) "China's forests cut over 5 billion tons of CO2 emission in 25 years: official," www.ccchina.gov.cn/en/NewsInfo.asp?NewsId=21229.
|vState Forestry Administration, "China's Efforts and Achievements in Mitigating Climate Change on Forest Sector," http://www.sfmchina.cn/english/industries03.asp?proid=3204&id=178.
|viTestimony of Taiya Smith, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, to Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, "International Climate Change Policy." November 17th, 2009.
|viiXinhua News Agency (3/20/09), "Developments in China's Forestry Sector".
|viiiWang, G. China's Forestry Sector and the Opportunities for Canada. Foreign Policy For Canada's Tomorrow, No. 6, September 2009. See: http://www.canadianinternationalcouncil.org/publicatio/foreignpol/thedevelopmentofchinasforestrysectorandtheopportun.
|ixWang, G., "China's Forestry Sector," 2009.
Expert Blog Posts
Experts In the News
A study co-authored by Valerie Karplus says that with reforms, wind-generated electricity could account for up to three quarters of China's target of supplying 20 percent of primary energy demand with non-fossil fuel sources by 2030 in "This is how composicion de la viagra China can live up to its huge wind energy potential" The Washington Post
- Nathaniel Aden , World Resources Institute
- Joshua Busby , Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs
- Edward Cunningham , Boston University
- Erica Downs , Eurasia Group
- Meredydd Evans , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Barbara Finamore , Natural Resources Defense Council
- Jerry Fletcher , West Virginia University
- Carla Freeman , Johns Hopkins SAIS
- David Fridley , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Kelly Sims Gallagher , Tufts University
- Banning Garrett , Singularity University
- Kate Gordon , The Paulson Institute
- Melanie Hart , Center for American Progress
- Mikkal Herberg , The National Bureau of Asian Research
- Isabel Hilton , Chinadialogue
- Trevor Houser , Peterson Institute for International Economics
- S.T. Hsieh , Tulane University
- Angel Hsu , Yale Center for Environment and Policy
- Daniel Kammen , University of California, Berkeley
- Robert Kapp , Robert A. Kapp and Associates
- Valerie Karplus , Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Albert Keidel , Atlantic Council
- David Kline , Citizens' Climate Lobby
- Bo Kong , University of Oklahoma College of International Studies
- Michael Levi , Council on Foreign Relations
- Mark Levine , Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
- Joanna Lewis , Georgetown University
- Kenneth Lieberthal , The Brookings Institution
- Haibing Ma , Worldwatch Institute
- Denise Mauzerall , Princeton University
- Mackay Miller , National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- Irving Mintzer , Potomac Energy Fund
- Jonathan Moch , Harvard University
- Clayton Munnings , Resources for the Future
- Jane Nakano , Center for Strategic and International Studies
- Chris Nielsen , Harvard University
- Rose Niu , The Paulson Institute
- Stephanie Ohshita , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Huei Peng , University of Michigan
- Lynn Price , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- David Pumphrey , Center for Strategic and International Studies
- JingJing Qian , Natural Resources Defense Council
- Rod Quinn , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Luke Schoen , Tsinghua-Berkeley Inter-University Program
- Deborah Seligsohn , UCSD
- Monisha Shah , National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- Bo Shen , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Ranping Song , World Resources Institute
- Edward Steinfeld , Brown University
- Jennifer Turner , Woodrow Wilson Center
- Alex Wang , UCLA School of Law
- Elizabeth Wilson , University of Minnesota
- Julian Wong , Green Leap Forward
- Ailun Yang , World Resources Institute
- Zhang Xiaoquan , The Nature Conservancy
- Nan Zhou , Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
Data Sources
BP Statistical Review of World Energy
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (ORNL)
China Energy Databook (LBNL)
Key China Energy Statistics 2011 (LBNL)
Climate Analysis Indicator Tool (CAIT)
Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR)
Energy Information Administration (EIA)
International Energy Agency (IEA)
The World Bank
UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)


text:
Hong Kong - More than 300 dogs had their teeth brushed in Hong Kong on Sunday in an attempt to set a new world record for the most canines having their pearly whites cleaned at the same time.
Owners of the 312 pooches scrubbed the animals' teeth for three minutes using a special brush and gel, as they sought to set a new Guinness World Record in the category "most people brushing dogs' teeth simultaneously".
Organisers said the event, held in Stanley on the south coast of Hong Kong Island, was aimed at promoting a hygienic lifestyle for dogs and raising funds for a dog rescue centre.
"A lot of people take care of their dogs' hair and their diet but not so much their teeth," Hilda Wong from The Link real estate firm, which organised the event, told AFP.
"Brushing teeth is crucial for dogs, it's just like brushing their hair. You don't have to do it every day but it's good to do it once a week because they eat and chew," she added.
Wong said it will take three to four months for Guinness officials to certify whether the event is a new Guinness World Record. - Sapa-AFP


text:
Union talk to discuss Maine's Underground Railroad
Union — Maine's connection to the famous Underground Railroad that helped free runaway slaves in the mid-1800s does not begin and end with Harriet Beecher Stowe.
Indeed, from Kittery to Fort Fairfield, Mainers conspired together to break the law of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 forming a network of "safe houses," hiding slaves from slave hunters and scurrying them to Canada.
At the Union Historical Society's Old Town House on Town House Road on Wednesday, June 1 at 7:30 p.m., author Mark Alan Leslie will weave the tale of the brave families, including those from Augusta eastward, who housed and fed slaves in hidden rooms, attics and elsewhere en route to the next secret "way station" in the "railroad."
President Abraham Lincoln once said to Stowe, "So you're the little lady who began all this." "Mrs. Stowe only lived in Brunswick from 1850 to 1852," Leslie said in a news release. "Her book, 'Uncle Tom's Cabin,' was instrumental in raising awareness of the scourge of slavery. But it took scores of people here in Maine to make the dream of escape a reality. Portland's Underground Railroad itself was a marvel of secret connections from churches to hack stands, second-hand clothing stores and people's homes. Slaves sometimes escaped aboard ships, but more often northward on land."
Leslie, a longtime journalist, first burst on the literary scene with his novel "Midnight Rider for the Morning Star," based on the life of Francis Asbury, America's first circuit-riding preacher. His presentation on the Underground Railroad comes from research for an as-yet-unpublished book.
After the meeting refreshments will be served by hostesses Elaine Tracy and Nancy Watson. All meetings of Union Historical Society are free and open to the public. Union Historical Society owns and maintains the Robbins House on Union Common, the Cobb's Ledge historic site on Town House Road, and the Old Town House, also located on Town House Road and available to rent for functions. Membership is $5 per year.
For more information, call 785-5444 and leave a message, or visit midcoast.com/comespring.


text:
Name: Lourdes Maria Ciccone Leon
Date of Birth: October 14, 1996
Parents: Madonna Ciccone & Carlos Leon
Siblings: Rocco (08/11/00), David Banda (09/25/05) & Mercy James (01/22/06)
- Lourdes is currently attending the famous LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts, in New York City
- She often goes by the nickname Lola
- In August the ambitious young girl launched her own clothing line called Material Girl which made its debut at Macy's department stores
"I am boring basically. She reminds me of me when I was younger. She just goes for it and tries different things. It doesn't look like she thought too much about it. That is how I used to be, but after years and years of everybody commenting on the way I look and dress and being photographed, one starts to become self-conscious and starts to plan things more. You end up judging yourself more, what looks good and what doesn't." – Madonna, on what she's learned from Lola.


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Faculty mentor schoolteachers at Humanities Texas June Institute
Fri, June 18, 2010
Associate Professor Erika Bsumek presents a lecture at HTX Teacher Institute
The faculty and staff of the department are in the education business. Most of our work is with undergraduate and graduate students here on The University of Texas (UT) campus. In fact, many of our graduate students become college teachers, and our undergraduate majors in the UTeach program join the ranks of those secular saints, middle and high school teachers.
In addition, we participate in the annual Institutes for Texas Teachers organized by HTX, the Texas chapter of the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH).
From Sunday-Wednesday in early June, the Department of History and its Institute for Historical Studies, the Lyndon Baines Johnson (LBJ) Library and Museum, UT's College of Liberal Arts, and HTX teamed up to provide one of 2010's six Institutes for Texas Teachers. HTX organizes these institutes as part of the We the People initiative of the NEH.
The subject this year was "Shaping the American Republic to 1877." Presentations, panel discussions, and small group workshops were held in meeting rooms of the LBJ Library and Museum—plenary sessions in the mornings and workshops in the afternoons. Over 40 middle and high-school teachers participated.
Scholars, archivists, and teaching specialists addressed the teachers on different aspects of the political, economic, and social history of the United States from 1776 to 1877. Four faculty from the department gave lectures from their areas of scholarship. Each historian also provided primary documents and bibliographies of books, articles, and online sources.
H.W. Brands gave the Sunday, June 6, keynote address titled "Ben Franklin and the Witches." Brands explained that Franklin's life spanned the eighteenth century (1706-1790); "he was born in an age when all North American colonists believed in witches, but he died in the Age of Reason." Similarly, since Franklin was "born an Englishman but died an American," the task for Franklin and his generation was no less than to create an American identity. On Tuesday, Brands presented a second lecture, an energetic address on President Andrew Jackson and "The Jacksonian Era."
Associate Professor Robert Olwell presents a lecture at the Humanities Texas Teacher Institute
Robert Olwell spoke to the teachers about "The Revolutionary Period" emphasizing the rhetoric of the aggrieved colonists. The American Revolution, Olwell explained, was "a struggle over metaphors." For example, the British along with American Loyalists often used a family metaphor to explain the conflict: The British empire was the "mother country" and, from the empire's perspective, the colonists behaved as ungrateful and disobedient children.
Protesting colonists used the metaphor of "slavery." Though half of those who signed the Declaration of Independence were slave owners, patriot rhetoric denounced Britain's new taxes as oppressive, tyrannical, and tantamount to the enslavement of the colonists.
Erika Bsumek's topic was "Native Americans and Westward Expansion." Professor Bsumek moved beyond a simplistic narrative of "victims and villains" as she compared the response of the Sioux nation and the Cherokee nation to the nineteenth-century westward migrations of white Americans. The Cherokee made their case for territorial sovereignty in the U.S. courts; the Sioux responded with armed resistance. Both groups lost almost all of their land.
Bsumek also explained that between 1685 and 1876 the Sioux, aided by horses they acquired as a result of Spain's 16th century adventures in North America, claimed a vast territory in the northern plains as they defeated other indigenous nations. But, although the Sioux and the U.S. both waged wars of conquest, the Sioux neither imagined nor desired that the Mandam, the Crow, or the Kiowa, for example, would disappear. Nineteenth-century U.S. political theorists, however, saw no place in the U.S. for Indian peoples.
George Forgie, recognized as one of the university's superior instructors, had already participated in the 2010 Teachers Institutes in Fort Worth and Houston before the June institute in Austin. He spoke to the teachers about "Sectionalism and the Civil War."
Forgie identified five questions that have been the focus of historical scholarship regarding the Civil War: Why did the South secede? Why did Northerners go to war to preserve the Union? What explains the Union victory? How, when, and why did slavery end? And, how do we evaluate the significance of Abraham Lincoln? Forgie challenged the teachers to consider the complex history of the seeming contradiction between Lincoln's 1861 promise to protect slavery and the 1863 Emancipation Proclamation.
As this UT-hosted Institute for Teachers came to a close on Wednesday afternoon, teachers continued to swap ideas for how to best teach U.S. history to their middle and high school students.
One middle school teacher later wrote to Michael Gillette, executive director of Humanities Texas, to express her appreciation for the Institute. "I have attended hundreds of hours of professional development over the last 5 years and the Humanities Texas Workshops are the best that I have ever attended.
"The time for each lecture was perfect. The breakout sessions in the afternoon were so special. We could get up close and personal with the speakers. It gave us opportunities to explore ideas with great teachers. Quality of speaker, quality of handouts, quality of time spent in breakouts all made for an A+ professional development opportunity," wrote Mary Duty from Waco's Tennyson Middle School.
Story by: Dr. Megan Seaholm; Photos by: Charles Bogel
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wikiHow to Make Welsh Rarebit
A traditional savoury cheese sauce, there are numerous ways to make this recipe. This version is a traditional one.
- 1 cup of cheese
- 1 cup of milk
- ¼ teaspoon of mustard
- ⅛ teaspoon of pepper
- 2 tablespoons of flour
- 1 teaspoon of butter or margarine
- 1 teaspoon of salt
- 1 egg
- Toast
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- Sprinkle pepper, cayenne pepper, paprika or mixed herbs over the sauce as desired.
Things You'll Need
- Double boiler saucepan
- Stirring implement
- Toaster
Sources and Citations
- Sourced from C. Houston Goudiss and Alberta M. Goudiss, Foods That Will Win The War And How To Cook Them, (1918) available in the public domain via Project Gutenberg. The eBook used for the source of this article is available for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.
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Legal Question in Criminal Law in Florida
vop dwlsr habitual offender
someone is on probation for dwlsr habitual offender , he violates twice by failing drug tests, then gets put on drug offender probation in which the first month he violates again by not reporting in not paying ,and not signing up for court ordered classes , he has turned himself in and is in jail his first appearence slip says that he is charged with vop dwlsr , what can he expect to happen ,will he get prison time for sure also he has untreated adhd and bipolar would he be able to be referred to a mental heath court? his po said she would put in a request for a rehab center, would that help? thank you for your time, we are in north central florida
1 Answer from Attorneys
Re: vop dwlsr habitual offender
No lawyer can predict an outcome without learning the case first hand. However, without a good lawyer I would say prison is likely. I handle these types of cases throughout Florida. Please call if you are thinking about hiring private counsel.
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I got this as a gift
I've heard its a lot like cigarettes and buttsecks in prison.
Confirm or deny?
I was once Mod.
Now, not exactly.
The Rise and Fall of The Warfish: One Man's Tale of Political Obsession and Insanity (due out Spet. 21st in Hardcover and Audiobook).