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- Houston Texas
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Just trying to get into my last name a little bit more.
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Yoyo diggidy. Happy Holidays to everyone! I had a little time to practice drawing some more, and put in some "do work" on a framed piece 10x24! Heres a picture of the complete project - I dont havea good camera, so what you see is what you get! Lol. With a fantastic last minute decision, I skipped enlarging the photo to make it fit, or cropping, so insteead I skipped the cheetah full frame, and filled in the white on the photo print with chettah print felt which is hot glued onto the white areas of the print... there was probablly something better I could have done - But I love the outcome anyway! Proud of myself ftw!!! FTW!!!!!
Ty all the NG'ers that helped me with advice on finishing the project!!! Happy Holidays agaiiiiinnnn~~~
- Ryan
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text:
Because you can never get too much of everyone's favorite angry mutant in Japanland, here are even more images from James Mangold's "The Wolverine", starring Hugh Jackman as the man with the sharp claws. Watch out, ladies! And are those motorcycle riding ninjas I see? Wha…? Oh well, I guess even ninjas have to get with the times. Surprise they're not skateboarding into action, though. That would be, like, totally rad, man.
The new pics are courtesy of IGN's recent visit to the film's set. Please to enjoy, please to enjoyers.
Based on the celebrated comic book arc, this epic action-adventure takes Wolverine, the most iconic character of the X-Men universe, to modern day Japan. Out of his depth in an unknown world he faces his ultimate nemesis in a life-or-death battle that will leave him forever changed. Vulnerable for the first time and pushed to his physical and emotional limits, he confronts not only lethal samurai steel but also his inner struggle against his own immortality, emerging more powerful than we have ever seen him before.
Also starring Brian Tee, Will Yun Lee, Hiroyuki Sanada, Svetlana Khodchenkova, Rila Fukushima, James Fraser, Tao Okamoto, and Hal Yamanouchi.
Wolvie goes Japanese this July 26, 2013.
Get more images and videos in our "The Wolverine" preview page.
Via : IGN

subset: commoncrawl


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D-Day for Wills: Prince marvels at kids' beach battle
JUNIOR schoolkids re-enacted the D-Day landings yesterday – watched by Prince William.
"I'm so sorry I didn't bring better weather"Prince William
The youngsters turned their playground into a make-believe Normandy beach to show how much they had learned from a military training exercise.
It was all part of the SkillForce programme which uses the expertise of ex-Forces personnel to inspire young children to achieve in school.
William, 31, is patron of the charity, and was at Goole High School in East Yorkshire to launch the new SkillForce Junior Prince's Award.
It aims to teach nine and 10-year-olds military-style skills like first aid and navigation through outdoor pursuits and community projects.
The Prince arrived to a sea of flag-waving pupils in the pouring rain, saying: "I'm so sorry I didn't bring better weather."
After watching the youngsters put on their display in the playground, he chatted to members of the school band.
He turned down the opportunity to play a samba drum, telling pupils: "I used to play the piano, trumpet and drums when I was your age, but there's only so much you can remember."
Meanwhile a squadron of historic planes touched down at Le Havre airport in Normandy ahead of today's commemorative flypast.
The RAF Battle of Britain Memorial Flight, including a Lancaster, a Dakota, two Spitfires and a Hurricane, will put on a spectacular display.
Prince Charles, 65, and the Duchess of Cornwall Camilla, 66, will watch with more than 300 veterans.
They will then join world leaders on Friday for a memorial service organised by the Royal British Legion at Bayeux Cathedral.
Prime Minister David Cameron, 47, US President Barack Obama, 52, German Chancellor Angela Merkel, 59, and Russian President Vladimir Putin, 61, are all expected to attend.
The event will mark 70 years since 156,000 Allied servicemen landed in Normandy to begin the battle for France.
Their victory was a turning point in the conflict, beginning the liberation of Europe and paving the way for the ultimate Allied victory in 1945.


text:
Electronic waste does not need to end up in landfill. There are a number of drop-off sites and events around the Australia to recycle your computers and televisions. The National Television and Computer Recycling Scheme involves a combination of government regulation and industry action to take responsibility for the collection and recycling of waste televisions, computers, printers and computer products. The scheme is funded and run by industry. For more information on these organisations, including details of the services they provide, visit their scheme websites or visit Planet Ark's Recycling Near You website which lists recycling options across Australia.
MobileMuster accepts all types of mobile phone batteries for recycling. Our partners at Battery World offer a national battery collection programme and have no limitation on the types of batteries that can be recycled by households. The program covers domestic usage and disposal of batteries. Battery World may need assistance to offset the recycling costs for batteries dropped off in commercial or bulk quantities. Battery World accept old mobile phones, household and automotive batteries at any of their stores.
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Recycling satchels are available from your nearest Auspost outlet - click here to find your nearest one.


text:
Witcher 3 - Interview @ Pixelitis
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June 24th, 2013, 09:15
I can't say I'm too concerned with the UI - and they're saying they WILL change stuff if it's not natural.
As for the TW2 UI - it was indeed pretty awkward for some things, though I've seen much, much worse. I believe they tweaked it quite a bit in the patches, no? I would expect them to have learned from that.
I can't blame them for focusing on consoles to a certain extent, what with the upcoming generation.
Then again, I've never had much of a problem with a larger audience getting access to cool games, as long as the vision isn't compromised. Next gen hardware is pretty powerful - and I wouldn't expect much of a compromise for that reason.
If anything, it seems the vision for Witcher 3 is more powerful than ever. Literally, almost everything I hear about it sounds positively amazing.
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text:
Stocks To Watch For October 18, 2012
Some of the stocks that may grab investor focus today are:
Wall Street expects Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) to report its Q3 earnings at $0.24 per share on revenue of $6.36 billion. Morgan Stanley shares fell 0.49% to $18.40 in after-hours trading.
eBay (NASDAQ: EBAY) reported a 22% surge in its third-quarter net income. eBay shares fell 0.31% to $48.05 in the after-hours trading session.
Analysts are expecting Southwest Airlines Co (NYSE: LUV) to have earned $0.13 per share on revenue of $4.36 billion in the third quarter. Southwest Airlines shares dropped 1.34% to $8.83 in after-hours trading.
Align Technology (NASDAQ: ALGN) issued disappointing outlook for its Q3 results. Align Technology shares tumbled 19.91% to $28.36 in the after-hours trading session.
Analysts expect Philip Morris International (NYSE: PM) to report its Q3 EPS at $1.39 on revenue of $8.25 billion. Philip Morris shares rose 0.23% to $92.06 in after-hours trading.
Posted-In: Stocks To WatchEarnings News Guidance Pre-Market Outlook Markets Trading Ideas
© 2017 Benzinga.com. Benzinga does not provide investment advice. All rights reserved.


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Theater Review: Dael Orlandersmith's 'Stoop Stories' at Studio Theatre
Wednesday, March 25, 2009
Dael Orlandersmith is taking a breather from pain. In her new one-woman show, "Stoop Stories," the gifted solo performer eschews the jagged edges of her previous works for a warmer reflection on the New York neighborhoods that shaped her troubled early life.
The production, which is receiving its world premiere at Studio Theatre, is a short and -- by Orlandersmith's hard-earned standards -- sweet survey of the people she's bumped into in that city of sharp elbows. You do get the feeling that this might be a work that she herself is still finding her way around, as there is, at this juncture, some tentativeness in the presentational framework for her well-crafted anecdotes and impressions and poetry.
Then again, one cup of Orlandersmith is worth a gallon of what most other monologists serve up. "Stoop Stories" offers this aromatic storyteller as a guide to her home town and, more specifically, to Harlem. She greets us on a replica of an uptown stoop and over the next 50 minutes takes us on a tour of her city, a teeming "New York gumbo" of junkies and jazz, of places to hang and places to avoid, and places to watch the world go by.
Anyone who has seen her solo performances or her drama for two actors, "Yellowman," mounted at Arena Stage in 2004, knows that Orlandersmith's antennae are sensitively attuned to life's sting. In monologues such as "Monster," in which she explores her cruel Harlem upbringing, and even more explosively in her follow-up, "The Gimmick," she applies lyrical varnishes to rage. ("Yellowman," a finalist for the 2002 Pulitzer Prize for drama, exposes the tensions in a relationship between a light-skinned African American man and a darker-complected woman.)
"Stoop Stories," which credits Jo Bonney as "consulting director," finds Orlandersmith in her trademark blonded braids, but in a more nostalgic frame of mind. The gallery of city characters she embodies still leaves a trail of sadness: most poignantly in the case of Nilda, a girl of promise who, succumbing to the elusive charms of a neighborhood addict, turns into one herself. More generally, however, Orlandersmith assumes the role here of wryly analytical onlooker who can absorb both the pathos and the irony unfolding all around her.
In a Manhattan coffee shop, she provides a revealing account of how a table of construction workers and a table of businessmen eye each other, and how both tables respond when a couple of crude and squealing rock-star groupies enter with the clear intention of creating a girlish stir. On a street outside a basement-level jazz joint, she segues into a giddy vignette about an older black man with a cane, irate that retrieving his Nina Simone tickets means a trip up and down the stairs.
Simone, Bob Dylan, Max's Kansas City, CBGB, Ella Fitzgerald: Singers and the establishments that featured them crop up frequently in "Stoop Stories." It is the music of the city that paves Orlandersmith's way back to various times and places. In what proves the unlikely centerpiece for the production, she assumes the voice and countenance of an elderly Jewish immigrant and Harlem resident named Herman, who recalls for us the night many years before, when he was sitting at the bar of a favorite neighborhood watering hole as Billie Holiday sat down next to him.
Herman buys the celebrated down-on-her-luck chanteuse a drink and then another, as they fall into a discussion of Herman's past, his imprisonment in a Nazi concentration camp. The story, Herman explains to us, moves Holiday to dedicate a song in her set to him, a rendition of "Strange Fruit," the mournfully powerful number she made famous that decried the lynching of black men.
The interlude is riveting, particularly when Orlandersmith recites several lines from "Strange Fruit," which itself was adapted from a poem. It resonates in a lovely way, for "Stoop Stories" is embroidered with recitations of other snippets of poetry.
Words, after all, are anything but strange fruit to this compelling spinner of city stories, with whom you'd always be happy to spread out on the stone steps, and listen some more.
Stoop Stories, written and performed by Dael Orlandersmith. Consulting director, Jo Bonney. Set, Luciana Stecconi; lighting, Colin K. Bills; costume, Brandee Mathies; sound, Eric Shimelonis. About 50 minutes. Through April 5 at Studio Theatre, 1501 14th St. NW. Visit http:/


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Everyday as the sun rises over North Carolina, the house that is Maya Angelou's stirs with the new day. The 6-foot-tall wordsmith, who says she delights in turning sow ears into silk purses, awakens under her maker's watchful eye. She prays to Him. And after other absolutions, the 72-year-old is good to herself. "I spend about 10 to 12 minutes on the recumbent bicycle," she says, explaining her solution to having doctors tell her they want to replace her "bad knees." Then, she speaks with Mrs. Thomas, the woman who keeps her house in order, to find out her obligations for the day.
Unlike in her public life, most days for Angelou start without fanfare, without glamour, the way they do for most everyone else. But in her mind – the mind of a woman many hail as one of the most powerful writers in contemporary American literature – the everyday is transformed into poetry. For more than four decades Angelou has dared millions to be formidable, educated and enthusiastic about life and its sometimes tumultuous curves. Her familiar, mellifluous, baritone voice has moved many to look deeper inside themselves to find happiness. It's a joy Angelou says can be discovered only by looking back at the road already traveled. "No man can know where he is going unless he knows exactly where he has been and exactly how he arrived at his present place," she says. Like many African Americans searching for answers about their origins, Angelou searched for and found her connection to Africa. The noted author chronicled five years of her storied life in poems and the chapters of her six-book autobiography series, while loving and learning the ways of the Motherland. Angelou has experienced Africa's beauty and witnessed her pain. As soaring unemployment and other societal ills plague the continent, Angelou believes the African-American business community can help turn the tide. But, she warns, we've got to move quicker and with good intentions. "Too many of the business people going to South Africa, for instance, are not Black people," Angelou says. "And by the time we get over there, the cream will have been already lifted. If we go into South Africa, East Africa, and West Africa with the heart to do good and end up doing well, many would be served – our ancestors and the children yet to come."
African Americans with vision, courage, and insight can be leaders in helping African nations improve their economic position in the world, says Angelou. She reminds African Americans to match their good intentions with preparedness. She calls on Black people to be knowledgeable enough to see the opportunities coming – opportunities that extend beyond financial gains. Angelou stresses that for Black people Africa is more than a distant land, some thousands of miles away. It is the birthplace of the African American. And not only should African Americans learn about the Motherland's rich and textured history, we must help Africans learn about our beginnings. To her dismay, African-American history is not taught in African schools. MTV and Hollywood now shape the African's view of his distant cousins in the United States. "I wonder why very few Africans come to study me," Angelou said. "Me is W.E.B. DuBois … James Baldwin. If I were from Mars, I would want to study Black Americans. We are fascinating. I would want to know how we survived the shackles of slavery, the rapes, the robbery of culture. And still, we go on." Angelou adds that changing perception will not be an easy task. Even in this country now, the story of the African's place in U.S. history has just begun to be told in American schools. And even so, it is still uncommon knowledge that she – who humbly dismisses her role in American history – is a historian whose writings reveal long ignored turning points in the African-American story. She left an indelible impression after sharing her poem "On the Pulse of Morning," at the 1993 inaugural of President Clinton. Today she teaches at Wake Forest University in North Carolina, where she is a Reynolds Professor of American Studies. But it took a long time to rise to that coveted position. Hers is a life that has taken many turns. Born Marguerite Johnson, April 4, 1928, Angelou was shuttled between her birthplace in St. Louis, where her mother lived for a while, and Stamps, Ark., the home of her benevolent grandmother. In 1940, she and her brother Bailey also lived, for a time, with their mother in San Francisco. At the age of 8, she was raped by her mother's boyfriend – a tale she eloquently tells in her first autobiography and best seller, "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings." The violation scarred her and she didn't speak for five years. At 17 she gave birth to her only child, a son she named Guy. Since his birth, she's been married twice and has been a Creole cook, madam, tap dancer, singer, chauffeur, civil rights activist, writer, actor, director, and world traveler, living in Europe and Africa. These days, however, Angelou likes to be on American soil. And while she says she doesn't like to be out of the United States for more than a month at a time, she does recommend others make the trip. "I think that is something you should do in your youth," Angelou says. "I've done that already. Besides, this is my home – where the blood of my ancestors live."
Encouraging interest in Africa will take a group effort, Angelou says. "Americans of all shades will have to make the journey across the Atlantic to Africa and make it their home – at least for a little while. And when our children are educated with African-born children we can then demand Black American history, in its true and complete form, be taught there. Moreover, African-American children will learn the story of Africa and how she came to be what she is today. Without our knowledge of their past and their knowledge of ours, we are divided." "The not knowing dooms them and us to an extent," Angelou says. "Because our histories are an intertwined vine." Angelou acknowledges that for the many Africans who fail to see their connection with African Americans, there are Black Americans blind to their ties with the Motherland. But look at it in the simplest of terms, Angelou proposes, and the need for one another becomes clear, especially when it comes to corruptions of justice. "You should be able to call your people and say I've been mistreated, and I need your help," Angelou says. "You see, it's all about helping each other – being there for one another."
Toni Ford is the education writer for a major New Jersey newspaper.
Image courtesy of Maya Angelou.com


text: The cable network A&E, as part of its series Investigative Reports, will premiere AIDS in America: The Crisis Continues on July 16 from 10 to 11 p.m. Eastern/Pacific (check local listings). The show will document the almost overwhelming sense of complacency about the disease in America, a country that no longer believes AIDS to be a serious threat even through rates of HIV infection are again rising in San Francisco, among other cities. Bill Kurtis will be investigating Chicago public AIDS clinics where the battle is not only against illness but against poverty. The show will also explore the progress made on the drug front. AIDS will be shown to no longer be a gay or minority disease but one that affects every sexually active person.


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When Herb Jeffries started singing selections out of the GreatAmerican Songbook, it was a good deal slimmer than it is today.Jeffries was 18 at the time, and now he's fast approaching his 98thbirthday.
That's not a typographical gaffe. The Detroit native will turn 98 on Sept. 24, but don't expect the last living member of Duke Ellington's famous Blanton-Webster Band of the 1940s to observe the age-old tradition of blowing out candles on a birthday cake. He'll save that bit of celebratory tomfoolery until his 100th.
Jefferies, whose star is etched on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, is beginning to cut back on concert dates, but he is booked to appear Sunday with the Big Band & Jazz Hall of Fame Orchestra in Oceanside at the Star Theatre. It will be his third concert with the Oceanside swinging sixteen in 10 years and his second since clarinetist Tad Calcara has been imported from Salt Lake City to direct the big band for special concerts. Calcara, an Oceanside High School grad, is principal clarinetist in the Utah Symphony Orchestra and leads his own band (New Deal Swing) in SLC.
Jeffries uses a motorized wheelchair as the result of debilitating illnesses that surfaced last summer in Temecula, when he was unable to sing at the now-defunct Temecula Valley International Jazz Festival. Nevertheless, he is planning to reprise several songs in Oceanside that he helped popularize during his storied career, including "Jump for Joy" and "Flamingo." The balance of the concert, titled "The Golden Age of Swing," will be devoted to a mix of instrumentals and vocals performed by band vocalists Barbara Roman and Jan Sutherland.
The North County date could be Jeffries' last in these parts because he is retiring, according to his wife, Savannah, who joined a telephone conversation with her husband and this reporter.
"Herb has a lot of writing he want to do and wants to continue working on audio tapes," Savannah said, speaking from their home in Kansas. "He's going to retire, at least from his singing career."
Neither would say when Herb would make his final exit from the biz, but it won't be soon. After his Oceanside engagement, Jeffries is scheduled to record several tracks with Calcara's jazz band in Utah that will be part of a Duke Ellington tribute album that will also include Ellington's son, Edward, and daughter April.
The Hot and Sweet Music Festival in Los Angeles during Labor Dayweekend is also in Jeffries' datebook, as is his appearance inWashington, D.C., at a concert of Ellington music in memory of thebandleader, pianist, arranger and composer.
There's still another major event on the Jeffries datebook. It's at the Western Performers Hall of Fame and the Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City ---- into which Jeffries was inducted in 2004. Jeffries gained entry on the strength of his being the first black to star in Hollywood's "post-silents" cowboy flicks, which were shown mainly in segregated movie houses.
Jeffries is of mixed heritage: Sicilian, Ethiopian, Italian French and Moorish roots (his mother was Irish). However, once in Hollywood, because of his light skin, Jeffries was tagged "the Bronze Buckaroo," an appropriately alliterative appellation for Bob Blake, Herb's name in the cowboy film series.
"I sang, I wrote some of the songs, I rode Stardusk (his trusty steed) myself and did anything to help keep production costs low," joked Jeffries. "You learned to do things on the cheap."
Jeffries spent less time with Ellington (about three years) than he did in Hollywood, but it was the Ellington work that gave him fame he never expected when he landed a job with Duke in 1940.
"He was looking for a black vocalist, and I was looking for a job with a black band," recalled Jeffries. "He liked my voice and I liked his band. That's all it took."
Within a year, Jeffries' recording of "Flamingo" with Ellington had topped the charts, and it went on to be a big, big seller. As you might expect, Jeffries has come to regard the song as his meal ticket.
"I'd like to be able to say I had something to do with song other than recording it, but I can't. Ted Grouya, who wrote the song, brought a copy to the Ellington office and persuaded one of our people to pass 'the song' along to Duke, hoping he would like it well enough to record it. Then one day, Duke called me into his office, gave me the arrangement for 'Flamingo' and said, 'Here's your copy of Billy's chart for this song. We're going to record it, and I want you to sing it.'"
At least that's how Jeffries remembers the sequence of events involving the composer of "Flamingo," Ellington, arranger Billy Strayhorn and the vocalist.
"All of us got lucky with that song. When you guessed I must have sung it a thousand times, you weren't even close. I've been singing it 70 years now, and that's a lot of 'Flamingos."


text:
" Manufacturer: Fellowes "
I read an interesting article in the Irish Times newspaper a few months ago on the issue of identity theft which really set me to thinking. Identity theft is where someone quite literally pinches your identity, and uses it to run up massive bills on your credit cards, debit cards, or bank account, that you only find out about when you receive your monthly statement. In a lot of cases the financial institution involved indemnifies you against such a loss. (But not always!) In any case, even if you eventually DO manage to reclaim your money, the hassle and red tape involved would probably see you certified to a mental asylum!
I suspect that a lot of us rarely even think about what we are throwing out in our rubbish. I know that it certainly never crossed my mind before I read the aforementioned article in the newspaper. But seemingly there are crooks out there who specialise in this type of crime, and who go around raiding people's dustbins (or green bins) in an attempt to gain access to your private information.
If you think about it for a moment you soon realise the vast amount of damage that could be done to your financial credibility if somebody got a hold not only of your credit card number, but your home address. Thousands of Euros (or even Pounds) worth of goods could be bought before you even realised anything was amiss, and it could take you months to sort out the resulting damage.
It was this that led me to purchasing the product I am reviewing here, the Fellowes S5 Paper Shredder. (With basket) A paper shredder is simply what it says. It's an electrical device that shreds sheets of paper into strips, thus making it practically impossible for anyone to illicit any useful information from them. Anybody who works in an office has probably seen an industrial paper shredder in action. You feed the intact sheets of paper in the top of the shredder, and it is cut up into thin strips and deposited in the container underneath. The width of the strip depends on the individual shredder, and the higher the security you require then the thinner the strip.
The Fellowes S5 Paper Shredder is designed primarily for home use, or at least for the user who only needs to shred fairly low volumes of paper. The recommended daily usage is about a maximum of twenty shredding operations per day, which will see the waste paper container fairly full. You can feed up to five sheets of paper into the shredder at each operation, so this allows you to shred about a 100 sheets of paper per day, which is more than ample for the ordinary domestic user. (I'd be unlikely to shred this much paper in a couple of months!)
You simply feed the paper into a feeder on the top of the machine. This trips a little switch that turns on the shredder, and moments later the sheet of paper has been cut into strips of about a ¼ inch (7mm) in thickness. (Actual shredding speed is 3.6 meters of paper per minute) This provides enough security for your average user, although I suppose (in theory) anyone with enough time and patience could possibly put the strips back together again. But when you have shredded up to 100 sheets, then I suspect the difficulty of such a task would put off all but the most masochistic of thieves. (Or jigsaw puzzle fanatics)
The S5 shredder is a basic, entry-level model, and will only take sheets of paper up to A4 size. Any paper bigger than this, and you will either have to cut the sheet into smaller pieces, or else invest a few more spondoolicks (money) and buy a more expensive (and sophisticated) model. But I would rarely have cause to shred any piece of paper larger than A4 in size in any case.
There's a simple three-position switch on the feeder. On, off, and reverse. If the shredder does happen to jam, then you hit the reverse switch, which quickly clears any blockages. The model I purchased has its own grey plastic waste basket, (12-litre capacity) but the shredder itself has a pull-out handle, so you can fit it to any waste basket between thirteen inches and sixteen inches in width. It's very compact in size, (31.8mm high, 28.5mm wide, and 15mm deep) so it doesn't stick out like a sore thumb in the room. (I hide mine behind the curtain in my study.)
The documents and paper that they recommend you shred are anything that includes any financial data, such as credit card bills or receipts, old bank statements, cancelled checks, and bills. Other documents such as legal papers or anything containing your National Insurance number should also be shredded.
Fellowes are an American corporation based in Itasca, Illinois, and they have their own website (www.fellowes.com) if you want any more information on their shredders or about their other products. (Funnily enough, the shredder itself was manufactured in China!) I bought my S5 Shredder in my local Argos store for only Euro24.99, but it's freely available online so shop around for the best bargain. Argos also stock a couple of more sophisticated Fellowes' shredders (the SD5X and the V25) which cross-cut the paper as well as shredding it vertically. These cost Euro49.99 and Euro59.99 respectively.
So for a relatively cheap price I can now rest easy in my bed at night, secure in the knowledge that my identity (and cash) are relatively safe from theft by marauding bin raiders.
Copyright KenJ
Adapted and edited for posting here at dooyoo
When I first caught sight of an electric shredder three years ago at Argos and being slashed from £30 to an incredible £9.99 I had to buy one. Largely as a musician and teacher I'm forever buying second hand books and old scores from second hand shops which feature illegally copied music. I have had to dispose of photocopied music in the best way possible and having a shredder speeds up time. I used to have one of those large manual aided table top shredders which was good for general correspondence, bank card letters and the like, but for A4 paper it was an arm wrenching exercise!
These days however it seems that everyone is buying a shredder for use in their home. Once only an item which was usually found in the commercial office and general administration clinics, the shredder has become what the consumer is now terming as a "necessity" in life particularly for consumers who deal with a lot of private and personal paper work. I adore using this shredder because it gets rid of unwanted paper quickly and keeps me safe in mind. More importantly it is mains powered which ends the need for wrenching those muscles!
** Stockist Availability **
Fellowes have been selling the FS5/S5 model for many years now and it is easy to see why it still sells. Against other reviews which have slated the performance, most consumers tend to believe that because Fellowes has a office reputation behind it then the general assumption that the FS5 should cope with anything has been believed. Across the internet the model still sells despite its age and it is easy to see why; it is NOT a large shredder but a compact cheap priced machine which will get rid of the average set of papers found in a home. If you need something bigger youll need to pay more!
** Model Deriatives **
There are two kinds of FS5 model I have found. One model has a bin attached to it and the other model does not; thats as simple as it gets. Colours change during the years from my model's basic red switch on a beige design to a blue switch and grey bin, to the model you see here on Dooyoo with a classy silver switch and black bin.
** Quick Skip Specifications Features **
Thermal overload protection built in.
2 way cutting choices; auto start or reverse power operation - handy when something gets clogged.
Adjustable arm for bigger bin diameters - great for normal bins other than the one supplied.
7mm thin straight strip cut size.
12 litre bin capacity
2 metre power cord length.
Single motor.
Can shred up to 5 A4 sheets at one time.
Prices range from £9-99 to £30.
** Different Colours **
My model for example is a light beige/gre colour with a red switch and also includes the words "SafeShred" in dark grey writing on the top right hand side of the fascia whilst there are further icons on the fascia to warn you of things which the shredder can't do. Whichever you choose, at least there is variations in colour available on the basic model to fit your decor choice in the home.
** Using The FP5 **
Although I bought this for most use in the home for everyone, it is me who has used it for the aforementioned photocopies. My parents use it every day for their endless mail but we have encountered several problems.
Firstly, and more appropriately let's deal with using the FS5 in general. This model has the ability to be switched on via the simple one slider control located on the top left hand side of the fascia. Slide to left and this will put the shredder into standby or auto start mode. This is quite handy because you don't have to bend down so low to switch the shredder on manually. Height of the bin and the shredder is just near 32mm which is fine if you place this next to a low and typical office desk on the floor, but standing up means a lot of bending unless you position it somewhere on your desk. The auto start mode means that when you slide a bit of paper into the main mouth of the shredder, the shredder's sensitive tongue will start the cutting discs on contact of the paper's edge and start to shred whilst ceasing the operation the moment no more paper is added.
The other mode is a reverse mode which keeps moving constantly unless you switch it off. This is fitted to the shredder for use when paper clogs and is designed to push paper back out if a clog appears or if paper from the bin gets too full and starts feeding back into the mouth of the shredder cutting discs.
Operation is actually quite quick, with the shredder's cutting discs quickly slicing through paper.
** Quality of Cut and Maximum Feed **
The FP5 cuts in precise thin 7mm straight strips of paper and for a model this low in specification, it means that it cuts to a standard like most basic machines. It will not cross cut however as this is a higher facility on higher priced models. Although Fellowes admit that only 5 A4 sheets can be cut at one "feed" I've actually managed 7 thin low 30 GSM paper shreds in one go. For safety though always ensure that you shred 5 sheets of standard A4 paper. The FP5 has a thermal cut out protection facility which if it does occur you must wait at least 10 minutes before the motor cools down. Since ownership and using it everyday, this has never happened to me yet!
** The Collection Bin **
The bin supplied with the FS5 is additionally designed to fit flush with the model and that's with the adjustable arm retracted into the machine but there is a problem with this. Unless you site the machine against a wall, the FS5's bin can wobble due to the weight of paper. Although it is deep and has a full capacity of 80 A4 sheets and a known 12 litre capacity, the bottom of the bin is narrow and I've found it is not always stable, particularly if the motor is used and the bin is relatively empty. I've since put decoration stones at the bottom of the bin to add weight and a bin liner to catch all the paper so that I never throw out the stones when it comes to tipping the bin out!
The bin is an all purpose grey thick PVC item which matches the colour of the shredder. It is washable and a bin liner can additionally be inserted to line it. There is a handy opening between both sides of the bin where additionally you have the option to use it as a standard paper bin where paper types are not permittable.
Whilst this is good in practise, if you don't empty the bin on a regular basis and strands of already sliced paper appear at the top of the bin, we have found that slithers of paper shredded already will find their way back up into the shredder. The FS5 then goes into reverse mode automatically which often end up in reversing all the shredded paper you have done already plus the escaped strands of paper coming up from the bin.
** The Adjustable Arm **
Primarily one of the best designs I adore about the FP5 is the fact that it has an adjustable arm. The arm can extend up to 8cm more to 40cm as opposed to the standard width of just below 32cm. I now use a large 30 litre wicker basket with a diameter rim of 34 cm which takes all the shredding I need. The adjustable arm can be pulled or pushed in depending on size of diameter of the bin in question and whilst the wicker bin was never intended to be used as a shredder bin, the FP5 motor sits comfortably on the top across the centre of the bin opening.
** What Is Not Permittable **
On the FP5 model there is actually a series of 4 small icon labels which show the articles which can be shredded and the articles which must never be shredded. This is where the basics of this machine come into question.
Whilst A4 paper is fine, envelopes with windows cannot be shredded - the plastic gets caught up in the cutting discs. Credit cards and generally any form of plastic cannot be additionally shredded whilst the machine fascia warns that clothing such as Ties should never be shredded either! Paper clips and staples cannot be shredded but I have put stapled paper in before, with the result that the staples bounce off the discs and get deposited in the bin.
** Other Problems **
Primarily, because the sensitive tongue in the shredder mouth is so sensitive, anything that touches it will be fed into the shredder automatically. Now this is a great design for human body parts such as fingers, because you will never be able to cut yourself on this shredder, but after shredding, say 5 sheets of A4 and a thick envelope in one go, the tongue can get jammed with paper and the auto start keeps going because the tongue has been pushed inwards which starts the mode and the motor. If this occurs you have to switch off and unplug the shredder.
On the base of the motor, there is a series of 6 small Philips / cross head screws which must be undone to take the motor apart. Once inside, the two parts of the motor for example cannot be completely taken off because part of the electrics has been bonded onto two sides of the fascia/ main panel. There is a lot of lubricant which is viewable from both sides of the cutting discs, and although they have a rough feel, the actual cutting discs will not cut you although they are sharp enough for paper. There are two metal holders which can often fall out when the fascia is taken apart. Here however general cleaning is accessible although it's not the easiest task in the world. Once the tongue has been cleared of paper, then essentially the FP5 has been de-clogged. The metal holders have viewable slide in slot posts which are clearly visible. Push both cutting bars together and the two sides should fit flush together again before tightening up the screws again.
** Noise **
The motor on the FP5 isn't the loudest shredder I have used but it can be somewhat noisy, particularly when my dad can hear me using it in other parts of the room. The motor changes pitch on the strength quite literally on the thickness and amount of paper used but overall it's isn't annoying, but it does make its presence felt by others at home whenever it is used. Importantly it doesn't cause any interference with it being so near my PC.
** Conclusion **
This is a basic electric shredder where it quickly does what it says on its label. Although it has no plastic shredding facility, this is still a good shredder to perhaps consider, for use in the home where a consumer needs a machine to cope with private letters and mail. The other factor is that it is quite a light unit on its own and you don't need two people to lift the motor.
If the model doesn't come with a bin, then you do have the added bonus of using a bin with a bigger capacity to meet your needs. At the moment I'm considering a better shredder that can shred plastic and has cross cutting facilities whilst this model will be relocated to a small study for occasional use. It still sparks into life after three years purchase. Would I choose Fellowes again though? Absolutely. Thanks for reading. ©Nar2 2007. ** This review also appears on Epinions **
Ideal for home use. Mechanical auto start/stop and reverse front access permits disposal of non-confidential waste. Noise level capacity 76dB.


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As part of French label Hixsept's 10th Anniversary celebration, they've introduced a new series of t-shirts under the moniker Atomic Peace. This three t-shirt lineup features a set of re-interpreted symbols created with patchwork shapes and colors. Each design is limited to 150 pieces, and features a special 1999-2009 tag.
To complement the t-shirts, Hixsept recruited artist Samuel Francois to design a poster to represent the collection. The result is a drawing full of worrying realism, where a strange character becomes the guru of a new world where anarchy, peace and duality become universal precepts. This poster is limited to 300 examples and is available for free at all Hixsept retailers.
Have a look at more images of the Hixsept Atomic Peace T-Shirts and Poster after the jump.


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Magnepan Mylar Replacement Question
I have a set of MGII's that has large 6 to 8 inch tears in the mylar...Has anyone ever replaced the mylar on a Magnepan speaker..If so can you share your experience...... I know I can send them in to magnepan and get them rebuilt,but I am low on funds and looking for a lower cost diy alternative.
diaphragm patch
you can use some mylar packing tape that might just see you till you can have them rebuilt. Good luck. regards Moray James.
The MG2s are too old and Maggie has stopped rebuilding them. I believe a very late MG2B or C are the oldest they will rebuild.
The accepted method to patch them is to use Scotch tape BUT you need to apply it adhesive side out. You mask the Maggies with cardboard so that only a 1/4" around the tear is visible. Next, use 3M spray adhesive to LIGHTY mist the tear. Then, once the adhesive tacks up, apply the tape.
As Moray has pointed out, the tape is mylar but the adhesive used for attaching to paper is not strong enough to last with the flexxing and stretching the diaphram goes through.
BTW, this is from seasoned Maggie owners and not my own method, although Ive used it and it seems to work well.
Unfortunately, Im repairing Quads and patching isnt an option.
I called magenpan they said they will still rebuild these. I talked to Karen. I had to give her the serial numbers of both speakers. I also asked if they would just sell me the mylar,she said NO... Repair of the mylar using any kind of patching is not a option.. I have repaired my mg1's with tape and have good success, but those were just little 1 inch or so tears in the mylar, The tears in the MgII's are at least 8 inches long and there are several tears in each diaphram,so much that the diaphram has lost all tension it orignally had in it..... I might just go ahead and try to re-mylar these if I can find a good souce for mylar and to find the EXACT type magnepan uses......I was really hoping to find someone who had done this before,but so far no luck
Try the Planar asylum were much Maggie owners hang out:
or the Magnepan Users Group for info/tweaks/etc on most types:
Hope this helps.
Thats interesting since she told me two years ago that they couldnt rebuild my MG2Bs and they are almost 10 years newer than the MG2s(1980s vs 1970s)
Ah, several tears is another matter.
Below is a link to Steve Reads rebuild photos. He has done a full rewiring on MG1s. Check out those cool jigs! I sent him another pair which he plans on doing a mylar replacement and rewiring on. Might contact him to see what he thinks. Hes done the research on the mylar etc.
My personal opinion is that unless Maggie will do it very cheaply, it is better to buy a pair of MMGs or MG12s instead. I think the true ribbon/QR ribbon equipped models are cost effective to have done but the non-ribbons arent. As a DIY project though, it would be great. I rebuilt my MG2Bs tweeters and did xo mods and it was an enjoyable project.
The price I was quote for a "complete driver replacement" as she called it for both speakers was $420.00 without shipping. Plus I would have to pay for shipping which would be about 100.00 each way. So it would be right around $620.00. I could buy a pair of mmg's for that price..... Hey AMT..Just curious what is the difference in the drivers between the mg2 vs. the mg2a and mg2b...I know 2 years ago when I call magnepan about rewiring the diaphram for my mg1's I was told then that they don't rebuild the mg1's anymore..I bought the rewire kit and new socks from them then..took me about 2 1/2 weeks to rewire them because I took my time and only did one or two rows of wire per day on each speaker,upgraded the crossover with new parts,but all the work was worth it.... they sound fantastic
Yeah mine came out well too but I got rid of them since my new dedicated listening room is just too small for them.
As far as I can tell, the differences between the MG2,Improved,B and C is that they kept getting better LF response out of them as they progressed. Someone with more knowledge regarding each of them would probably know more specifics. Heres the specs from AA Planar forum.
You might ask over there what the seasoned listeners would prefer-a refurbished MG2 or new MMG. The MG2 is going to have excellent bass but the HF arent as good. And then theres the bigger amp needed and room size to consider.
possible patch
If you can get these factory rebuilt that will be your best option. If you decide to experiment till you can afford a rebuild you don't have much to loose. LePages make a water based contact called Press Tite Green. This contact will stick with a vengence to mylar film. Get yourself some HS65 mylar (heat shrink Mylar) (which is used to make magnetic tape) and bond a suitable oversized patch over the tear in your diaphragm. Then use some paper covered with tin foil as a reflector on either side of the patch covered tear then use a heat gun to shrink the exposed area. This should restore most of your diaphragm tension and get you back up an running. The Press Tite Green is non toxic and easy to work with and has a long working time after it is applied. Let us know if this works for you. Best regards Moray James.
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Bollinger reborn as Sobers
This is all starting to become depressingly familiar. In 2009, a less good England won the Ashes against a slightly better Australia and then promptly slumped to six consecutive one day defeats. Following today's dismal showing with the bat, England have now lost three matches on the trot (including the second T20) and have got a job on their hands if they're to win this seven match series.
It all began so well. Twenty past three in the morning is not a great time to find yourself commentating on cricket, but Australia's batsmen proved to be the perfect cure for narcolepsy as the top order, put in to bat by Strauss, succumbed to the fabulous new ball bowling of Shahzad and Tremlett.
First to shuffle off was last Sunday's all Australian hero Shane Watson, playing on to Shahzad whilst trying to cut a fullish ball down on the angle to third man. I'd been predicting he'd get out like that since late November and finally he obliged. Haddin drove more airily than a limp wristed Queen's wave in the back of a bulletproof limousine. Same result.
Clarke is so out hopelessly out of nick that we need to rename him The Hopelessly Out Of Nick Clarke. And obligingly for England he tends to waste 20 balls or so proving that hypothesis. Today he managed to smack a long hop to Bell in the covers. When Hussey departed to a fine catch by Strauss off Tremlett I and the rest of the Sofa team began to fantasise about getting back to bed before sunrise.
But from 33-4, White and Marsh (playing his first game of the international Australian summer) batted sensibly. Like a host of Australian batsmen over the last 20 years they are masters at inducing lull; that moribund passage of play when boundaries aren't scored but wickets aren't taken. And when you find the gaps as adroitly as Aussies always seem to, five runs an over with no risks taken is invariably the outcome.
On the Sofa we were screaming for the seamers to come back into the attack, but really Strauss was hamstrung by his selection of two slow bowlers (you will never get me to call Yardy a spinner) on a track tailor made for the seamers. He could have gone for the jugular but gambled on getting through some innocuous overs while the batsmen were concerned with preserving their wickets.
It didn't work and a 100 run partnership at 5 an over ensued which was only broken by a good bit of slow bowling from Yardy who followed White making space for himself outside leg stump, cramped him for room and accepted the difficult return catch wide to his left with aplomb but absolutely no balletic grace. Well, you can't have it all.
From the relative safety of 133-4 the Aussies collapsed again. Smith, who isn't so much out of nick as out of his depth drove ineptly at a wide one from Shazad and dragged on for a painstaking duck off two balls. The returning Hauritz, fresh from his batting heroics in Shield cricket was well caught by the sweaty handed Trott in the deep and Lee missed an even flatter, even straighter one from Yardy to leave Australia dead and buried at 142-8.
What followed was so perplexing I am still struggling for a plausible explanation. Bollinger, with a previous top score of 3*, arrived to keep Marsh company for what we expected to be the length of time it used to take him to wash his hair. Instead he began channeling the spirit of the great George Headley, carving England's bowlers hither and yon while the magnificent Marsh stepped up a gear. In 11.2 overs of mayhem they added 88 runs, Australia's highest ever 9th wicket partnership in ODIs.
It is true that England's bowlers lost their lines and lengths. Indeed, the failure to bounce Bolly was puzzling in the extreme, but he took full advantage, played intelligently and supported Marsh as the latter passed a hundred. His dismissal off the 1st ball of the 49th over was followed immediately by Marsh's to a superb catch by Bell in the deep.
Marsh's innings was in every way perfect. He ran expertly between the wickets, took no risks until Bollinger came in and then cut loose. If the Australian selectors really believe Steve Smith should be picked ahead of this man as a batsman they are in need of instant incarceration in a mental health facility. Perhaps he could have been given out stumped early in his innings but with no stump camera angle provided it was impossible to say whether his foot was down or not. Either way, nothing should detract from his excellence. He'll only play in the World Cup if Hussey is unfit. Lunacy.
Nonetheless 230 seemed more than gettable. The wicket was far from a batsman's paradise but neither was it doing much. Instead, England contrived to mess it up pretty much from the beginning.
Prior got probably the ball of the day from Lee and edged to Watson at slip in the 3rd over for a duck. I still don't think he should be opening, being much better suited to the lower middle order, but to him little blame could be attached today.
But it was the last two balls of the 8th over which really knocked the stuffing out of England's innings as the rejuvenated Bollinger, now channeling Alan Davidson and Wasim Akram simultaneously trapped Strauss in front and bowled Pietersen through the gate first up.
Trott and Bell made a good job of repairing the innings and at 83-3 in the 24th over looked to have got England back on top, especially as that purveyor of long hops and non turning filth, Steve Smith, was into the attack. But of course as a commentator it doesn't pay to express one's opinions too forcefully, and just as I was rubbing my hands with glee at another half tracker, Trott contrived to pull said ball into the mitts of David Hussey at mid wicket.
Even after Bell went cutting loosely at Lee to make the score 96-5 Morgan and Yardy still managed to fight back. But just as we were applauding their bravery in taking the "batting powerplay", the one thing that always happens in "batting powerplays" happened. The bowlers took wickets. First Morgan was well caught in the deep by Tait, then Yardy insanely got involved in a mix up with Bresnan and Prior (running for Bresnan who had a calf niggle) and was run out by yards.
The rest is too painful to tell save that England were bowled out for 184 with five overs remaining. There was the odd lusty blow from Bresnan and a delicious cut from Tredwell but it was never going to be enough.
No doubt England will console themselves with the thought that Anderson and Broad wait to return, but it is not in the bowling department that England are failing. It is the batsmen's inability to display the patience so on show during the test series that is currently their undoing.
No one is carving out the innings around which the other batsmen can play their shots. Watson and Marsh have shown the value of patience and what runs can be made when the eye is well and truly in. Too often England's batsmen are panicking, and the dreadful running between the wickets is further evidence of muddled thinking.
They have time before the World Cup to sort it out, but Trott looks like a man in need of a rest. Bell needs to open, and Collingwood needs to come back into the side.
Australia's batting is vulnerable and they have twice been saved by stand out innings so the cause is far from lost, but if England aren't careful it will take until the 7th match to work it out, and that kind of déjà vu I can live without.


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Bare Bangers 4Favorites [+]
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Running Time: 33 minutes
Released: 03/2011
Studio Name: WaN Film
Series: Bare Bangers
Director: Christian Scholer
Description: Beef boy Thomas Mars receives more than a rub down from what starts off as a friendly massage by muscle daddy Mauri. Once the juices get flowing, licking and gulping abound, and there is no turning back for Mars, who can't get enough deep drilling in his voracious fuck hole from Marius thick raw meat, which spurts a big creamy load in Mars face.
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25 Enormously Ominous Shadows
1 of 26 Pics
You ever get that cold shiver when a shadow passes over you? For people who work under a mountain or a skyscraper, that ominous feeling happens every day. We found 25 shadows that show off exactly what happens when the sun is blocked by an enormous object (well, besides rickets):
Speak Your MindTell us what you're thinking... and oh, if you want a pic to show with your comment, go get a gravatar!


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Delegation Games in Customs Unions
We study a model in which a customs union trades with countries that behaved strategically. If the members of the customs union are similar but not identical, one country will want to delegate authority for making union policy to its partner. Even if side-payments within the union are permitted, union welfare may be higher if one country chooses union policy to maximize its own welfare, rather than having a supra-national agent choosing union policy to maximize joint welfare. The delegation decision depends on whether the policies used by union and non-union countries are strategic substitutes or complements and on which union member is more "aggressive".
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|Date of creation:
|Oct 1989
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text:
SP500 (a 4-hour chart)
General overview
All ten of S&P500 components went into the red territory. The energy companies were the leaders of the decrease.
Current situation
The tone became negative in the market. Bears are gradually gaining more overall control. The index decreased and lost about 0.36% by the end of the trades. The resistance is seen at 2165, the support is at 2150.
MACD is in the positive territory. Its histogram decreased which indicates the buyers' positions weakening. RSI left the overvalued territory which is a sell signal.
The index broke downwards the 50, 100 and 200 EMAs in the 1 hours chart. After the break the instrument reversed some losses and returned to the 200-EMA. The moving averages are turning down.
The price fell and stopped at the 50-EMA in the 4 hours chart. The moving averages (50, 100 and 200) direction is still upwards.
Trading recommendations
We expect the 2150 line break that will open the way for the sellers to 2140.


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Artist description:
The love that is not seen but felt.
Flash Draw Created Mar 31, 2008 470 x 338px Unless noted Copyright 2008 soccerdrawer07.
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Canberra, Sep 3 (IANS) Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott has been criticised by a Jewish representative over his comments comparing the Islamic State (IS) terrorist group to the Nazis, a media report said on Thursday.
In an interview with Macquarie Radio earlier in the day, Abbott repeated a view he has made public before, saying "The Nazis did terrible evil but they had sufficient sense of shame to try to hide it. These people (IS) boast about their evil," ABC reported.
"This is the extraordinary thing: They act in the way that medieval barbarians acted, only they broadcast it to the world with an effrontery which is hard to credit and it just adds a further dimension to this evil," he added.
The president of the Executive Council of Australian Jews, Robert Goot, said the prime minister should reconsider the comparison.
"I think that there is no question that IS is a profoundly evil organisation, but having said that the prime minister's comments suggesting that it is in some ways worse that the Nazis, those comments were injudicious and unfortunate," Goot said.
"Whilst Islamic State perpetrate horrific deeds they cannot be compared to the systematic round up of millions of people and their dispatch to purpose-built death camps and their death by mass murder as an instrument of government policy. And that's what the Nazis did."
Goot also took issue with Abbott's suggestion that the Nazis were ashamed of the atrocities they committed.
"It had nothing to do with shame. They were shameless," he added.


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Innovations in Specialty, Irregular Corneas and KCN with Contact Lens
By Jason Miller, OD, MBA, FAAO
Release Date: OCTOBER 2012
Expiration Date: December 1, 2013
Credit Statement:
This course is COPE approved for 1 hour of CE credit. COPE ID 36113-CL. Check with your local state licensing board to see if this counts towards your CE requirements for relicensure.
Disclosure Statement:
Dr. Miller has no financial interest in any products.
Supported BY:
Supported by an unrestricted grant from
To take this course please click on the below links for the PDF presentations and audio. Click audio first then minimize the audio application of choice, then click and open the pdf to view the presentations. Please advance the pdf powerpoint along with the audio.


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Written on: 15/12/2012
I was having problems with one of my add on domains which kept going to my main site rather than the add on one.
The Dataflame techicians soon sorted it out with a couple of emails and it now works fine. The problem had been with the way I set it up but they were able to tell me exactly what to do and even gave me screen shots to help.


text:
Edited by Pan BR
Published online Jun 15, 2001. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v7.i3.324
Revised: April 19, 2001
Accepted: April 26, 2001
Published online: June 15, 2001
AIM: To determine whether normal genetically immunocompetent rodent hosts could be manipulated to accept human hepatocyte transplants with long term survival without immunosuppression.
METHODS: Tolerance towards human hepatocytes was established by injection of primary human hepatocytes or Huh7 human hepatoma cells into the peritoneal cavities of fetal rats. Corresponding cells were subsequently transplanted into newborn rats via intrasplenic injection within 24 h after birth.
RESULTS: Mixed lymphocyte assays showed that spleen cells from non-tolerized rats were stimulated to proliferate when exposed to human hepatocytes, while cells from tolerized rats were not. Injections made between 15 d and 17 d of gestation produced optimal tolerizaton. Transplanted human hepatocytes in rat livers were visualized by immunohistochemical staining of human albumin. By dot blotting of genomic DNA in livers of tolerized rats 16 weeks after hepatocyte transplantation, it was found that approximately 2.5 × 105 human hepatocytes survived per rat liver. Human albumin mRNA was detected in rat livers by RT-PCR for 15 wk, and human albumin protein was also detectable in rat serum.
CONCLUSION: Tolerization of an immunocompetent rat can permit transplantation, and survival of functional human hepatocytes.
Citation: Ouyang EC, Wu CH, Walton C, Promrat K, Wu GY. Transplantation of human hepatocytes into tolerized genetically immunocompetent rats. World J Gastroenterol 2001; 7(3): 324-330
Transplantation of allogeneic hepatocytes into immunocompetent rodents has been shown to result in rejection of donor cells by host immune system, with T-cell activation, and a delayed type hypersensitivity reaction[1-3]. This can been overcome by generalized immunosuppression or through the use of genetically immunodeficient animals[4-8]. Another strategy to avoid rejection is by inducing immunological tolerance specifically to the transplanted cells. In this regard, it has been demonstrated that the ability of the immune system to distinguish between endogenous and exogenous antigens develops shortly before birth. Studies have shown that if foreign antigens are introduced during this formative period, when the animals mature, they will be tolerant to those antigens[9], permitting the survival of allogeneic (cardiac) transplants in rats[10,11]. We hypothesized that, if human liver cell antigens could be introduced into normal rodents at the appropriate time during fetal development, those animals could be rendered tolerant and serve as suitable hosts for human hepatocyte transplants after birth without either genetic or pharmacological generalized immunosuppression. If successful, these animals could serve as convenient animal models for studying mechanisms of human hepatitis viral infections, serve as models for testing new antiviral agents, and as means for testing hepatotoxicity of drugs.
Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats, 250 g to 300 g of body mass (Charles River Co., Inc., Wilmington, MA) were maintained on 12 h light-dark cycles, and fed ad lib with standard rat chow in the Center for Laboratory Animal Care at the University of Connecticut Health Center. All animal procedures were approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and conformed to USDA and NIH animal usage guidelines.
Cryopreserved human primary hepatocytes were obtained from Clonetics Corp. (Walkersville, MD) and kept in liquid nitrogen until use. Frozen cells were thawed, washed with human hepatocyte medium (Clonetics Corp.) plus 5 g·L-1 insulin and 0.39 mg·L-1 dexamethasone, and then spun at 50 × for 10 min at 4 °C. Cell viability was measured by trypan blue exclusion staining (approximately 65% of the cells were viable, and 90% were parenchymal hepatocytes). Human hepatoblastoma cell lines Huh7 and HepG2, human fibroblast IMR-90 and human kidney 293 cells were grown in Dulbecco Modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with 100 mL·L-1 fetal bovine serum (FBS) and antibiotics.
At 15 d to 17 d of gestation, groups of pregnant rats were anesthetized by intramuscular injections of ketamine (40 mg·g-1 body mass) and xylazine (5 mg·g-1 body mass). Laparatomies were performed under sterile conditions; gravid uteri were exposed, and transilluminated by a high intensity lamp (Fiber-lite MI-150, Dolan-Jenner Industries, Lawrence, MA). Human hepatocytes or Huh7 cells, 1 × 105 cells in 10 μL PBS, were injected through the uterine wall into the peritoneal cavities of rat fetuses using a sterile 200 μL Hamilton syringe with a 28 gauge beveled point needle (Hamilton Inc., Reno, NV).
Within 24 h of birth, newborn rats were placed on ice for 2-5 min. Under sterile conditions, left paracostal incisions were made, and primary human hepatocytes or Huh7 cells, 1 × 1010 cells made, and primary human hepatocytes or Huh7 cells·L-1 in 200 μL PBS were injected over 30 into the spleen by sterile Hamilton syringe.
Peripheral blood samples were drawn from tail veins, spun, and serum stored at -20 °C. Liver samples were collected either by sacrificing animals or by performing partial hepatectomies. Samples were fresh frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80 °C.
The tolerance of host animals towards human hepatocytes was assessed by mixed lymphocyte assays in which the proliferation of host spleen cells was measured after exposure to exogenous antigens[12]. Briefly, spleens were removed from tolerized or control animals, 1 wk after cell transplantation or for non-transplanted controls one week after birth, and dispersed into RPMI1640 medium (Gibco-BRL) with 50 mL·L-1 FBS. Stimulator cells (primary human hepatocytes, Huh7, IMR-90 and 293 cells) were gamma irradiated with 20Gy to inhibit proliferation. Irradiated stimulator cells, 0.5 mL of 3 × 108·L-1, were mixed with 0.5 mL of 1 × 109·L-1 rat spleen cells, pulse-labeled with 37 kBq of 3H-thymidine (2960TBq·mol-1, Amersham Life Science), and then incubated at 37 °C with 50 mL·L-1 CO2 for 72 h. After trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation, cells were harvested onto Whatman glass fiber filter papers (Whatman), washed successively with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), TCA and ethanol. Filter papers were counted in a scintillation counter (Tri-CARB 4530, Parkard). Spleen cells from untreated rats as well as stimulator cells incubated alone served as controls. All experiments were performed with triplicate animals, and the results expressed as -x±sx in units of nBq·cell-1.
To detect human hepatocytes that survived transplantation in rat livers, human albumin gene sequences were sought as specific markers using a 5' primer (5'-CTGGTCTCACCAATCGGG-3') and a 3' primer (5'-CTGGTCTCACCAATCGGGGG-3'). Genomic DNA extracted from Huh7 cells served as a positive control. Genomic DNA from untreated rats, and rats tolerized without transplantation were used as negative controls.
To quantify the number of human hepatocytes present in rat livers, dot blots using probes specific for the human albumin gene were performed by modifying the method of Kafatos[13] with a 32P-labeled 1750 bp BamH I/Bste II human albumin DNA fragment excised from palb 3, a plasmid containing the complete human albumin gene[14]. All assays were performed in triplicate, and the results were expressed as -x±sx. Genomic DNA from known numbers of Huh7 cells was measured in an identical fashion.
To determine whether transplanted human hepatocytes retained liver-specific transcription, the presence of human albumin mRNA was sought by RT-PCR after extraction according to the method of Chomczynski[15] using primers for human albumin (sense 5'-CCTTGGTGTTGATTGCCTTGCTC-3', antisense 5'-CATCACATCAACCTCTGGTCTCACC-3') and rat albumin (sense 5'-CGGTTTAGGGACTT-AGGAGAACAGC-3', antisense 5'-ATAGTGTCCCA-GAAAGCTGGTAGGG-3'). The expected size of PCR products for human and rat albumin mRNA were 315 bp and 388 bp, respectively.
Sixteen weeks post-transplantation, groups of rats were sacrificed, and livers sectioned into 5 μm slices in tissue freezing medium (Triangle biomedical Sciences, Durham, NC). Immunofluorescence staining was performed using a modification of the method of Osborn[16] using monoclonal mouse anti-human albumin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) and goat anti-mouse IgG second antibody conjugated with Texas Red (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech). Immunohistochemical staining for human albumin was done according to the method of Kieran[17]. Tissue samples were examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM-410, Zeiss, Germany).
To measure human albumin in rat serum, Western blotting was performed in a manner similar to the method of Gershoni[18] using monoclonal mouse anti-human albumin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) and rabbit anti-mouse IgG second antibody conjugated with horseradish perioxidase (HRP) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO). The signal was detected by an enhanced chemiluminescence method (ECL kit, Amersham) and exposed to film.
Mixed lymphocyte assays were used to detect changes in immune response as a result of intrafetal injections. In these assays, spleen (responder) cells taken at wk1 after birth were mixed with irradiated stimulator cells (primary human hepatocytes, or controls consisting of Huh7 human hepatoblastoma cells, IMR-90 human fibroblasts, or 293 human kidney cells). Figure 1, lane 1 shows that spleen cells from animals that were not injected with hepatocytes intrafetally, incubated alone (without any stimulator cells) had baseline uptake of (1446 ± 111) nBq·cell-1. Irradiated hepatocytes incubated alone only took up (222 ± 100) nBq·cell-1. Lane 2, in contrast, the spleen cells from lane 1, from rats with no intrafetal injection, but subsequently exposed to irradiated human hepatocytes, lane 3, were stimulated to take up (10842 ± 1585) nBq·cell-1, a 7.5-fold increase. But, when spleen cells from rats that had intrafetal injection of primary human hepatocytes, were subsequently exposed to irradiated primary human hepatocytes, lane 4, they were not stimulated as uptake was only (1390 ± 139) nBq·cell-1. To determine whether the lack of stimulatory effect was hepatocyte-specific, spleen cells from animals injected intrafetally with primary hepatocytes were exposed to human IMR-90 fibroblasts. In contrast to hepatocyte stimulator cells, the spleen cells were stimulated by the fibroblasts, taking up (14373 ± 1473) nBq·cell-1, lane 5, which was similar to the uptake of cells from rats not intrafetally injected with hepatocytes, (13956 ± 2085) nBq·cell-1, lane 7. In another control, uptake by 293 human kidney cells was also stimulated in spleen cells from rats either intrafetally injected with hepatocytes, lane 6, or not, lane 8. Irradiated IMR-90, lane 9, and 293 cells, lane 10, incubated alone had negligible uptake, indicating that the contribution of these cells could not account for the observed increases in uptake results found in lanes 5 and 7.
To determine whether transformed human hepatocytes could be also used to induce immunological tolerance, Huh7, and HepG2 human hepatoblastoma cell lines, were compared to primary human hepatocytes in terms of induction of tolerance. Figure 2 shows that spleen cells from rats not injected intrafetally with hepatocytes, and subsequently exposed to primary hepatocytes, lane 1; Huh7 cells, lane 2; or HepG2 cells, lane 3 all had uptake ratios significantly and substantially greater than cells from rats intrafetally injected and subsequently exposed to the corresponding cells, lanes 4, 5 and 6, respectively.
Because of the difficulty in obtaining primary human hepatocytes, immunohistochemical methods for detection of transplanted cells were established using Huh7 hepatoblastoma cells. To visualize these cells in livers of rats that were previously tolerized intrafetally and transplanted with Huh7 cells, staining with monoclonal mouse antibody against human albumin was performed. Figure 3 shows that staining was detectable in rat livers on day 1 after transplantation mostly as single cells, but with occasional pairs, fairly evenly distributed throughout the parenchyma, panel A and with high magnification, panel B. Seven days after birth, clusters of 2 and 3 cells each were visible, and single cells less common, panel E and with higher magnification, panel F. No human albumin was detected in rats that were tolerized with Huh7, but were not transplanted, panel C and at higher magnification, panel D, confirming that the antibody was specific for human albumin and lacked cross reactivity with endogenous rat albumin.
Laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to visualize transplanted hepatocytes by staining with monoclonal antibody against human albumin. Figure 4 shows that in tolerized rats transplanted with human hepatocytes, human albumin was detected at week 16 post-transplantation, panel B. In tolerized rats without transplantation, no staining was detected, panel C. Rat liver sections stained with secondary antibody alone, panel D demonstrated that the staining was not an artifact due to non-specific interaction with second antibody. As expected samples stained with monoclonal goat anti-rat albumin antibody, panel A, resulted in positive signals for rat albumin in virtually every parenchymal cell in the liver.
To estimate of the number of human hepatocytes present in rat liver transplanted with human hepatocytes, human albumin DNA sequences were detected by amplification of rat liver genomic DNA by PCR. Figure 5, lanes 3-5 show human albumin DNA extracted from 104, 103 and 102 Huh 7 cells, respectively. PCR produced expected 307 bp products with decreasing intensities of signals. DNA from a rat intrafetally injected with primary human hepatocytes and transplanted with those cells, lane 6 produced a band at the expected position. In contrast, a littermate intrafetally injected with human hepatocytes, but without hepatocyte transplantation, lane 7, produced no detectable human albumin DNA signal. Bands at the bottom of the gels are due to excess primers. Neonatal rats sustained intrasplenic transplantation of human hepatocytes well, with a mortality rate of about 5%.
To quantitate the amount of human albumin gene present, dot blotting for human albumin DNA was performed. In Figure 6, the upper row of panel A, shows that liver samples from a representative rat intrafetally injected and transplanted with primary human hepatocytes had positive signals for human albumin DNA at 6 wk and 16 wk post-transplantation, with little obvious change in signal between the time points. In contrast, a littermate tolerized with human hepatocytes, but not transplanted, lower row, had no signals at the same time points indicating that the human albumin signal detected in the upper panel were not due to residual DNA from the tolerization procedure or cross reactivity with rat sequences. In panel B, the plasmid palb3, was loaded in serial dilutions as standards for human albumin DNA. Based on the amount of human albumin DNA in 10 (g rat liver DNA, the number of surviving human hepatocytes was calculated to be 2.5 × 105 cells per whole adult liver 16 wk post-transplantation. The ratio of human to rat hepatocytes that were present, 16 weeks post-transplantation, was calculated to be approximately 1 human cell per 6 × 103 rat hepatocytes.
To assess albumin gene transcription in rat livers, RT-PCR of albumin mRNA was performed. In Figure 7, panel A, lane 3 shows that human albumin mRNA extracted from Huh7 cells was detected by RT-PCR by the presence of a product with the expected size of 315 bp. As expected, the same sample failed to generate a signal when rat albumin primers were used indicating that the human primers were specific for the detection human albumin mRNA, lane 7. In tolerized rats 16 wk after human hepatocyte transplantation, human albumin mRNA was also detected as a 315 bp band, lane 4. However, no human albumin mRNA was detected in a littermate intrafetally injected, but without transplantation, lane 5, or from a non-fetally injected, and non-transplanted rat, lane 2. However, a band corresponding to the rat albumin amplification product of 388 bp was demonstrated in a representative rat neither intrafetally injected, nor transplanted, lane 6; a rat intrafetally injected, and transplanted, and sampled 16 weeks after transplantation, lane 8; and a rat intrafetally injected, but without transplantation, lane 9. As standards, RNA extracts from Huh7 cells were amplified with primers for human albumin, and as expected produced decreasing signals of 315 bp products, lanes 10-12.
The transcriptional activity of transplanted human hepatocytes as a function of time was measured over the entire experimental period of 16 wk. Figure 7, panel B, lane 3 shows that human albumin mRNA extracted from Huh7 cells in culture and detected by RT-PCR produced a product with the expected size of 315 bp. Human albumin mRNA levels from rats were not obviously different at wk2, 6, and 16 after transplantation, lanes 4, 5 and 6, respectively, suggesting that, within the limits of the assay, the function of transplanted human hepatocytes, at least with regard to albumin production, remained unchanged for at least 16 weeks.
Figure 8 shows Western blots of serum from a representative rat tolerized and transplanted with primary human hepatocytes. A band with migration corresponding to 56 ku, the expected size of human serum albumin, as shown by standard human albumin in lane 1 was found in serum from a rat intrafetally injected and transplanted with primary human hepatocytes 1 wk post-transplantation, lane 3, and remained detectable at 2 and 3 wk post-transplantation, lanes 4 and 5, respectively. There was no cross reactivity of antibody with rat liver not transplanted with human cells as shown in lane 2. These data support the conclusion that human hepatocytes can be transplanted, and survive in the livers of intrafetally tolerized rats, and remain sufficiently active to secrete detectable amounts of human serum albumin into the circulation.
The developing immune system in the fetus allows a unique opportunity for the induction of tolerance to specific cells without generalized suppression of the immune system. In utero injection of donor cells directly into the peritoneal cavities of fetuses during gestation has been shown previously to result in a donor-specific tolerance[10,11,19]. With regard to the timing of cell injections for induction of tolerance, previous studies in normal mice demonstrated that in utero injections of splenocytes on days 14 to 16[20] were satisfactory for induction of donor-specific tolerance and prolongation of the survival of allogeneic skin grafts. In our experiments, intrafetal injections performed on any of three days, from day 15 to 17 of gestation, resulted in equal effectiveness in establishing tolerance to human hepatocytes.
Livers of tolerized rats transplanted with human hepatocytes was found to contain the human albumin gene up to 16 weeks post-transplantation, the duration of the experiment, Figure 5 and Figure 6. The transplanted cells were functional as indicated by the presence of human albumin mRNA, Figure 7, and human albumin gene product, Figure 4 and Figure 8. The presence of antibodies to human albumin was not detected (data not shown).
Chimeric liver models have been described previously, but in immunocompromised hosts. For example, normal adult woodchuck hepatocytes were transplanted into uPA/RAG2 knock out mice via intrasplenic injection. These cells eventually reconstituted 90% of those mouse livers[6]. Similarly, immortalized primary human hepatocytes have been transplanted into RAG-2 knock out mice[7]. Recently, primary human hepatocytes were transplanted under the kidney capsule of SCID/NOD mice[8]. The results demonstrate that when transplanted into immunocompromised hosts, human hepatocytes can not only survive, but also maintain differentiated cellular function in foreign hosts and even in unnatural locations. Our current data further indicate that general immune deficiency or suppression is not required, and intrafetal tolerization is sufficient to prevent rejection. Furthermore, the technique could be used to generate tolerance to other cell types, that might result in development of other useful animal models.
The mechanism of tolerance induction via intrauterine exposure to foreign antigen has been ascribed to T-cell clonal deletion[20]. Recently, Knolle and colleagues[21,22] described another method of inducing tolerance in the liver to foreign antigens: direct injection of foreign antigens into portal circulation resulted in the presentation of foreign antigens by liver endothelial cells to CD8+ T-cells. Such a model for tolerance has not been tested specifically for induction of tolerance to xenografted human hepatocyte transplantation.
This work was supported in part by grants from the NIDDK: DK-42182 (GYW), Connecticut Innovations, Inc. (CHW), and the Herman Lopata Chair in Hepatitis Research (GYW). The authors would like to thank Dr. Thiruchandurai V. Rajan for kind co-operation in animal surgery, Ms. Nancy Ryan for assistance in preparing tissue sections, and Dr. Ravi Kondapalli for technical assistance.
|Bumgardner GL, Heininger M, Li J, Xia D, Parker-Thornburg J, Ferguson RM, Orosz CG. A functional model of hepatocyte transplantation for in vivo immunologic studies. Transplantation. 1998;65:53-61. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Bumgardner GL, Li J, Heininger M, Ferguson RM, Orosz CG. In vivo immunogenicity of purified allogeneic hepatocytes in a murine hepatocyte transplant model. Transplantation. 1998;65:47-52. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Bumgardner GL, Li J, Prologo JD, Heininger M, Orosz CG. Patterns of immune responses evoked by allogeneic hepatocytes: evidence for independent co-dominant roles for CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses in acute rejection. Transplantation. 1999;68:555-562. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Galun E, Burakova T, Ketzinel M, Lubin I, Shezen E, Kahana Y, Eid A, Ilan Y, Rivkind A, Pizov G. Hepatitis C virus viremia in SCID--& gt; BNX mouse chimera. J Infect Dis. 1995;172:25-30. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Ilan E, Burakova T, Dagan S, Nussbaum O, Lubin I, Eren R, Ben-Moshe O, Arazi J, Berr S, Neville L. The hepatitis B virus-trimera mouse: a model for human HBV infection and evaluation of anti-HBV therapeutic agents. Hepatology. 1999;29:553-562. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Petersen J, Dandri M, Gupta S, Rogler CE. Liver repopulation with xenogenic hepatocytes in B and T cell-deficient mice leads to chronic hepadnavirus infection and clonal growth of hepatocellular carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998;95:310-315. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Brown JJ, Parashar B, Moshage H, Tanaka KE, Engelhardt D, Rabbani E, Roy-Chowdhury N, Roy-Chowdhury J. A long-term hepatitis B viremia model generated by transplanting nontumorigenic immortalized human hepatocytes in Rag-2-deficient mice. Hepatology. 2000;31:173-181. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Ohashi K, Marion PL, Nakai H, Meuse L, Cullen JM, Bordier BB, Schwall R, Greenberg HB, Glenn JS, Kay MA. Sustained survival of human hepatocytes in mice: A model for in vivo infection with human hepatitis B and hepatitis delta viruses. Nat Med. 2000;6:327-331. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Hajdu K, Tanigawara S, McLean LK, Cowan MJ, Golbus MS. In utero allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to induce tolerance. Fetal Diagn Ther. 1996;11:241-248. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Yuh DD, Gandy KL, Hoyt G, Reitz BA, Robbins RC. Tolerance to cardiac allografts induced in utero with fetal liver cells. Circulation. 1996;94:II304-II307. [PubMed]
|Yuh DD, Gandy KL, Hoyt G, Reitz BA, Robbins RC. A rodent model of in utero chimeric tolerance induction. J Heart Lung Transplant. 1997;16:222-230. [PubMed]
|Schwartz RH, Jackson L, Paul WE. T lymphocyte-enriched murine peritoneal exudate cells. I. A reliable assay for antigen-induced T lymphocyte proliferation. J Immunol. 1975;115:1330-1338. [PubMed]
|Kafatos FC, Jones CW, Efstratiadis A. Determination of nucleic acid sequence homologies and relative concentrations by a dot hybridization procedure. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979;7:1541-1552. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Wu GY, Wilson JM, Shalaby F, Grossman M, Shafritz DA, Wu CH. Receptor-mediated gene delivery in vivo. Partial correction of genetic analbuminemia in Nagase rats. J Biol Chem. 1991;266:14338-14342. [PubMed]
|Chomczynski P, Sacchi N. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem. 1987;162:156-159. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Osborn M, Weber K. Immunofluorescence and immunocytochemical procedures with affinity purified antibodies: tubulin-containing structures. Methods Cell Biol. 1982;24:97-132. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Kieran J. Histological and histochemical methods: theory and practice. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann. 1990;.
|Gershoni JM, Palade GE. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels to a positively charged membrane filter. Anal Biochem. 1982;124:396-405. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Kline GM, Shen Z, Mohiuddin M, Ruggiero V, Rostami S, DiSesa VJ. Development of tolerance to experimental cardiac allografts in utero. Ann Thorac Surg. 1994;57:72-74; discussion 75. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Kim HB, Shaaban AF, Milner R, Fichter C, Flake AW. In utero bone marrow transplantation induces donor-specific tolerance by a combination of clonal deletion and clonal anergy. J Pediatr Surg. 1999;34:726-729; discussion 726-729;. [PubMed] [DOI]
|Limmer A, Ohl J, Kurts C, Ljunggren HG, Reiss Y, Groettrup M, Momburg F, Arnold B, Knolle PA. Efficient presentation of exogenous antigen by liver endothelial cells to CD8+ T cells results in antigen-specific T-cell tolerance. Nat Med. 2000;6:1348-1354. [PubMed] [DOI]


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W A Douglas Jackson
Seattle Campus
General survey and analysis of political, economic, social, and cultural aspects of Canadian history from the foundation of New France to present; Canadian-American relations, the rise of Quebec nationalism, and the development of the Canadian West. Offered: jointly with JSIS A 375.
Class description
Canada is a fascinating country even though-and probably because-it has many paradoxical qualities. It is a northern land-the north of North America-and has many similarities with its southern neighbor, the United States, but it has important differences, both subtle and apparent. Its roots are certainly in New France to which was added a substantial 18th century migration of Anglo-Americans from the newly-created United States. In the Northwest its beginnings lay in the fur trade and the powerful Hudson's Bay Company who controlled a vast territory surrounding Hudson Bay. The History of Canada seeks to bring these powerful themes together as the united colony moved toward Responsible Government and Confederation. Its role in World War I gave it an awareness of its distinctive characteristics, which have been played out throughout the twentieth century. Canada stands with the great democracies of the modern world.
Student learning goals
General method of instruction
Recommended preparation
No prerequisites.
Class assignments and grading
Class assignments and grading will be outlined in the course syllabus.


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End Barrio Warfare to be unveiled, blessed
Published 12:00 am, Thursday, January 13, 2011
See more photos of San Anto Cultural Arts murals
When John Montez was in high school, he said he spent a lot of his time indulging in gang activity and destroying others' property.
"One day, the school that I was attending, Frank Tejeda Academy (in the Harlandale ISD), went on a field trip to San Anto Cultural Arts," he said. "I had a ton of interest in the work they were doing."
The work San Anto was doing at the time is the work the organization continues to offer to inner-city youth: engaging the children and teens of San Antonio through creativity.
Montez is now lead muralist on one of San Anto's newest projects and, he adds, he no longer illegally tags and is not involved with gangs.
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The new mural titled "End Barrio Warfare" and located at 1401 S. Brazos, is a restoration project enhanced from a previous mural.
"The mural was done in 1998," said San Anto Mural Coordinator Ruth Buentello. "We completely changed the look of it but kept the same idea. It was being tagged a lot, and we found it wasn't relevant."
The mural will be unveiled during a ceremony Jan. 22. Montez said he helped design some of the new images on the mural to help people relate to it.
"There's a man at the bottom breaking a gun over his head," he said. "It's been somewhat controversial because we put a '210' tattoo on his neck. The gang members or the older people, they can use that to see that this area is striving for change.
"Ever since I got involved in San Anto, it's changed my path for life. I'm not out every night. I don't do as much," he said. "I'm not as necio as before."
If it weren't for the people at San Anto, Montez added, he would still be out tagging other people's property with no regard for their financial hardship.
"Honestly, I was very disgusted with those who tagged the missions," he said, referring to a recent event. "We wouldn't go tag a landmark. We do it to get our name up, but that's it. I got standards. I won't tag a small business. I won't tag someone that I know works hard to put their tears, money and blood into it."
The mural program is coordinated by Buentello, who has been involved in the organization since her high school days.
"I was lead muralist on a project in 2003 called Piedad," she said. "There was no mural coordinator at that time, so the ideas were all over the place, but it basically focused on political ideas. Bush was in office at the time, and the atmosphere was very political."
Since doing her own mural, Buentello has helped countless high school students find their creative outlets in a productive way.
San Anto Cultural Arts Executive Director Nina Hassele said the group has two main programs.
"One is the mural program, the one that John came through," Hassele said. "We do tours to our murals and get the youth to volunteer to help paint them.
"The other is our newspaper, El Placazo. We get the kids to come write articles and put together stories for the publication."
Hassele said the mural program has taken off recently with two events. The first is the move of the group into their new headquarters at 2120 El Paso.
With open space, new computers purchased from a grant last year and a bright turquoise color on the walls, the space exudes an energetic and youthful feeling.
"The building is twice the size of what it used to be before," she said. "And we have our own restroom. We used to have to go two doors down to use the bathroom."
The second event is San Anto's largest mural. Coming in at number 40, the mural will take up an entire side of a warehouse at Haven for Hope, the city's new transitional facility for the homeless.
"We're moving really fast on that mural," said Buentello. "Because of this new technique, we're trying to schedule the unveiling for Feb. 12."
Hassele credits San Anto's founder, Manny Castillo, with the organization's success. After Castillo's death from cancer two years ago, the organization has tried to keep his goals in mind.
"He always wanted to find a new location," said Hassele. "This was one of the buildings he wanted to buy. We bought it about a year after he died and just moved in last week."
Hassele said that though they are moving in the right direction, the organization is focusing on one main goal.
"We really want to get funding so we can hire people to come in and help us create curriculum for the students we help," she said.
Because of his experience, Montez had many ideas about how to update the mural. Superimposed upon the top of the old mural, he added images of contemporary youth to appeal to his younger audience.
"John's really outspoken," said Buentello. "He has a lot of great ideas. He had the graffiti experience but wanted to move it up to the next level. He's done a great job."
End Barrio Warfare will be unveiled and blessed Jan. 22. The blessing will be held from 1-3 p.m., followed by an open house at San Anto's new headquarters at 2120 El Paso.


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