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BioMed Research International
Volume 2014 (2014), Article ID 175247, 9 pages
p53 Is a Key Regulator for Osthole-Triggered Cancer Pathogenesis
1Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
2Preventive Medicine Center, Department of Community Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
3Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
4School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
5Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
6Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
7Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
Received 11 May 2014; Revised 22 May 2014; Accepted 22 May 2014; Published 12 June 2014
Academic Editor: Shun-Fa Yang
Copyright © 2014 Ssu-Ming Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Osthole has been reported to have antitumor activities via the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell growth and metastasis. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of osthole in human colon cancer remain unclear. In the present study, we have assessed osthole-induced cell death in two different human colon cancer cell lines, HCT116 and SW480. Our results also showed that osthole activated proapoptotic signaling pathways in human colon cancer cells. By using cell culture insert system, osthole reduced cell motility in both human colon cancer cell lines. This study also provides evidence supporting the potential of osthole in p53 activation. Expression of p53, an apoptotic protein, was remarkably upregulated in cells treated with osthole. Importantly, the levels of phosphorylation of p53 on Ser15 (p-p53) and acetylation of p53 on Lys379 (acetyl-p53) were increased under osthole treatment. Our results also demonstrated that p53 was activated followed by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Our study provides novel insights of p53-mediated responses under osthole treatment. Taken together, we concluded that osthole induces cancer cell death and inhibits migratory activity in a controlled manner and is a promising candidate for antitumor drug development.
1. Introduction
Colon cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Surgery can be applied in the early stage, while chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy are used to treat malignant tumors. The metastatic dissemination of primary tumors is linked directly to patients' survival and accounts for about 90% of all colon cancer deaths. It should therefore be obvious that tools and methodologies that allow early cancer detection will affect the survival time and rate of patients. The development of colon cancer is increasing in recent years; however, the knowledge of treatments is still limited.
The p53 tumor suppressor gene is one of the most commonly mutated genes found in human malignancies [1]. More than 50% of human cancer cells are associated with missense mutations or deletions of p53 [2], which results in chemoresistance of those cancer cells [3]. p53 protein is important in the transcription of growth inhibiting genes, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and DNA repair [4]. p53 is also a sequence-specific transcription factor that transactivates p21, which is involved in cell growth regulation [5]. The MAP kinase family comprises extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and these signal pathways have been implicated in many physiologic processes, including cell growth and death through p53-dependent or p53-independent mechanisms [6]. Importantly, JNK signal transduction pathway is also activated by some anticancer drugs [7, 8]. JNK1 protein kinase is the major isoform in JNK family proteins that its activation requires phosphorylation on Thr183 and Tyr185 [9]. Dominant-negative mutation of JNK (DN-JNK) is a mutant at these sites (on Thr183 and Tyr185), which effectively suppresses paclitaxel-induced cell apoptosis in cancer cells [10].
Frequent consumption of natural fruits and vegetables has been considered to reduce risk of developing cancers and mortality [11, 12]. Osthole (7-methoxy-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)coumarin) is an active constituent isolated from Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, which has been shown to exert a wide variety of biological effects such as contractility-based motility of different cells and tissues [13]. Osthole has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory [14], antiosteoporosis [15], and antiseizure [16] effects. In recent years, accumulating evidence also suggests that osthole has antitumor activities that are thought to occur via the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell growth and metastasis [17–19].
ROS plays a key role in regulation of biological functions including differentiation and immune responses [20]. ROS is generated through a number of environmental stimuli, and excessive production of ROS causes oxidative stress leading to adverse events like cell death [21, 22]. Previous reports showed that the protective effects of osthole were revealed by reducing ROS production in ischemia-reperfusion injury models [23, 24]. However, the effect of osthole in generation of ROS in cancer cells is still unknown, and the detailed mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of osthole in human colon cancer remain unclear. This study investigates the effects and underlying mechanisms of osthole-induced cell death and migration in human colon cancer. Our study reports that osthole induces cell death and reduces cell migration through the induction of ROS production, JNK activation, and p53 activation.
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Reagents and Antibodies
Osthole was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), OPTI-MEM, and Lipofectamine 2000 (LF2000) were purchased from Gibco BRL (Invitrogen Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Primary antibodies against Bax, Bcl2, procaspase-3, PARP, JNK, and β-actin were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA). Primary antibodies against p-JNK Thr183/Tyr185, p-p53 Ser15, and acetyl-p53 Lys379 were purchased from Cell Signaling and Neuroscience (Danvers, MA). The primary antibody against p53 was purchased from BD Pharmingen Transduction Laboratories (San Diego, CA). The dominant-negative (DN) mutant of JNK plasmid was a gift from Dr. W.-M. Fu (National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan).
2.2. Cell Culture
Human colon carcinoma cell lines HCT116 and SW480 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). The procedures of cell culturing were conducted according to previous reports [25, 26].
2.3. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Assay
The procedures of ROS assay were conducted according to previous reports [27, 28]. ROS production was determined by the oxidation of specific probe, H2DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate), by using flow cytometry. Cells were incubated with H2DCFDA (10 μM) at 37°C for 30 min and then stimulated with osthole or hydrogen peroxide. Fluorescence intensities were determined with an excitation filter of 488 and 525 nm emission wavelengths.
2.4. Western Blot Analysis
Cells were lysed in a homogenization buffer on ice, and equal protein amounts of samples were loaded in an SDS-PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) [29]. The membrane was blocked with 5% nonfat milk and then probed with primary antibody. After several PBST washes, the membrane was incubated with a peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody. The blots were visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence using Fuji medical X-ray film (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan). The blots were then stripped by incubation in stripping buffer [25] and reprobed a loading control. Quantitative data were obtained using a densitometer and Image J software (National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MA).
2.5. Migratory Activity Assay
In vitro migration assay was performed using Costar Transwell inserts (pore size, 8 μm) (Corning, Albany, NY) as described previously [30–32]. Cells in 200 μL of media were seeded in the upper chamber, and 300 μL of media was placed in the lower chamber (incubated at 37°C in 5% CO2). After seeding cells in the upper chamber, cells were treated with osthole for 2 h. After a 24 h migration period, cells were stained with 0.05% crystal violet in 2% methanol. Nonmigratory cells on the upper surface of the filters were removed by wiping with a cotton swab. Cell number was counted in five random fields per well under a microscope at 200x magnification. Images of migratory cells were acquired using a digital camera and light microscope.
2.6. Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR)
Total RNA was extracted from cells using TRIzol kit (MDBio Inc., Taipei, Taiwan). The reverse transcription reaction was performed using 2 μg of total RNA, which was reverse transcribed into cDNA using the oligo(dT) primer and then amplified using oligonucleotide primers:
p53: 5′-AATTTGCGTGTGGAGTATTT-3′ and
p21: 5′-AGGCACCGAGGCACTCAGAG-3′ and
GAPDH: 5′-TGGGCTACACTGAGCACCAG-3′ and
Each PCR cycle was carried out for 30 sec at 95°C, 30 sec at 55°C, and 1 min at 72°C. PCR products were then separated electrophoretically in a 2% agarose gel and stained with Novel Juice (GeneDireX, Las Vegas, Nevada).
2.7. MTT and SRB (Sulforhodamine B) Assays
The procedures of MTT and SRB assays determining cell viability were conducted according to previous reports [33–35]. After treatment with various concentrations of osthole for 24 h, cell culture media were aspirated. In MTT assay, MTT (0.5 mg/mL) was added to each culture well and incubated for 2 h at 37°C. The MTT reagent was then removed and washed with PBS for several times. DMSO (200 μL per well) was added to dissolve formazan crystals. In SRB assay, cells were fixed in situ by gentle addition of 50 μL per well of 10% TCA, and culture plates were incubated for 1 h at 4°C. After discarding supernatant, cells were then washed with PBS and 50 μL of SRB solution was then added to each well for 10 min at room temperature. After staining, cells were washed with 1% acetic acid and dissolved in tris-base. The absorbance was determined at 550 nm (for MTT) or 515 nm (for SRB) using a microplate reader (Thermo Scientific, Vantaa, Finland).
2.8. Statistical Analyses
The values are reported as mean ± S.E.M. Statistical analyses between two groups were performed using Student's t-test. The difference was determined to be significant if the value was <0.05.
3. Results
3.1. Osthole Induces Cell Death and Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer
In order to investigate whether osthole affects cell viability, HCT116 and SW480 human colon cancer cells were incubated with various concentrations of osthole (1, 10, or 30 μM) for 24 h, and cell viability of both cell lines was determined by MTT and SRB assay. We observed that osthole induced cell death of human colon cancer in a concentration-dependent manner (Figures 1(a) and 1(b)). Treatment of SW480 cells with osthole also increased Bax protein expression and the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP-1. Meanwhile, osthole decreased the protein expression of Bcl-2, procaspase-3, and PARP-1 as well (Figure 1(c)).
3.2. Osthole Inhibits Migratory Activity of Human Colon Cancer
Osthole-regulated human colon cancer migration was examined by using cell culture insert system. As shown in Figures 2(a) and 2(b), human colon cancer cells (HCT116 and SW480 cells) migrated from the upper to the lower chamber, and images of migrated cells were shown in right panels. Our results indicated that osthole effectively reduced human colon cancer migration in a concentration-dependent manner.
3.3. Osthole Induces p53 Protein Activation in Human Colon Cancer
As shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b), HCT116 and SW480 cells were incubated with osthole before cell lysate extracts were collected. p53 protein levels, phosphorylation of p53 on Ser15 (p-p53), and acetylation of p53 on Lys379 (acetyl-p53) were all increased after osthole stimulation. The effects of osthole on gene expression of p53 and p21 were estimated in SW480 cells using RT-PCR analysis. As shown in Figure 3(c), p53 and p21 gene expression levels were mildly increased in osthole-treated group.
3.4. JNK Activation in Osthole Involves Protein p53-Induced Activation
After incubating the SW480 cells with various concentrations of osthole (1, 3, or 10 μM) for 24 h, we found that osthole increased the level of phosphorylated JNK (Figure 4(a)). Moreover, transfection with DN-JNK for 24 h reduced JNK phosphorylation (Figure 4(a)). Treatment with JNK inhibitor SP600125 reduced osthole-induced p53 protein activation (Figure 4(b)). Furthermore, transfection with DN-JNK also attenuated the effects of osthole-induced human colon cancer cell death (Figures 4(c) and 4(d)) and cell migratory effect (Figure 4(e)). Incubation with JNK inhibitor SP600125 also reversed osthole-inhibited cell migratory effect in SW480 human colon cancer cells (Figure 4(f)).
3.5. Osthole Induces p53 Protein Activation through Reactive Oxygen Species Production in SW480 Human Colon Cancer
As determined by probe H2DCF-DA which was analyzed by flow cytometry assay, osthole was found to increase intracellular ROS levels. Treatment with an ROS scavenger NAC (n-acetylcysteine) reduced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced ROS production (Figures 5(a) and 5(b)). Moreover, incubation with osthole also dramatically increased ROS generation in human colon cancer cells (Figure 5(c)). Additionally, treatment with NAC antagonized osthole-induced ROS production in SW480 cells as well (Figure 5(d)). As shown in Figure 5(e), treatment with NAC along with osthole in human colon cancer also reduced osthole-enhanced p53 protein expression, p-p53, and acetyl-p53 activation.
4. Discussion
Several clinical uses of drugs were derived or modified from plant extracts and have been successfully applied to treat a variety of human cancers [36]. We have reported some natural products and chemical compounds exerting anticancer effects in human glioblastoma [27, 28] and colon cancer [25]. Recently, we also reported that osthole induces cell death and attenuates cell migration in brain tumor [37]. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of osthole remain unclear. Our present study reported that osthole increased phosphorylation of p53 on Ser15 (p-p53) and acetylation of p53 on Lys379 (acetyl-p53), which were regulated by ROS generation and JNK activation. To our knowledge, this is the first report that shows the role of p53 in osthole-induced anticancer effects and identifies the molecular mechanisms through which ROS and JNK modulate p53 protein activation in human colon cancer cells.
Targeting p53, a tumor suppressor, is one of the promising strategies for anticancer therapy; therefore several compounds targeting p53 are currently being tested in clinical studies [38]. Numerous reports have supported this idea of pharmacological restoration of p53 activity for anticancer [39, 40]. Induction of p53 activation leads to cell growth arrest or cell death, but investigation of the detailed molecular mechanism regulating the cancer pathogenesis by p53 remains a key challenge in p53 biology of cancer cells [41]. Importantly, p53-mediated cell fate decisions also prevent cancer cells to be killed by chemotherapeutic drugs, thus leading to poor clinical outcomes. It is imperative to understand the mechanism of p53-mediated cell fate decisions for the efficient clinical application of drugs activating p53 [42]. Our current study reported the crucial role of ROS and JNK in p53-related proapoptotic function in human colon cancer through activation of p53 by a natural product, osthole. Furthermore, our results also demonstrated that JNK-mediated mechanism played a key role in cell death and migratory ability. Interestingly, osthole induced significant cell death and inhibited migratory ability even in the p53-mutated colon cancer cell line SW480 cells.
Several lines of evidence demonstrate that the accumulation of ROS is correlated with the apoptotic response induced by several chemotherapeutic drugs [43]. ROS generation appears to be triggered by the activation of the mitochondrial-dependent cell death pathway through the proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins Bax and is further transformed sequentially into more toxic ROS, like hydrogen peroxide, which, consequently, induces cell death [44]. Our study showed that osthole elevated the intracellular ROS levels in human colon cancer cells. Furthermore, we observed that blocking ROS production with antioxidant NAC resulted in decreased intracellular ROS levels as well as osthole-induced p53 protein activation. These results indicated that ROS accumulation contributed to osthole-induced cell apoptosis in human colon cancer. Our results also reported that osthole-enhanced proapoptotic protein Bax expression and Bcl-2 degradation. Furthermore, treatment with osthole also increased caspase-3 activation and promoted PARP-1 cleavage. In conclusion, osthole-induced human colon cancer cell death may mediate by ROS generation, which subsequently induces Bax/Bcl-2 turnover and promotes caspase-3 activation and PARP-1 cleavage, resulting in cell apoptosis. Moreover, our results in colon cancer are also in accordance with previous report that osthole effectively attenuates migratory ability in human cancer cells.
5. Conclusions
In the present study, osthole-induced p53 activation results from ROS generation and JNK activation, revealing a promising potential in the treatment of human colon cancer. The current study on a molecular basis provides valuable knowledge of osthole in effective antitumor therapy.
Conflict of Interests
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
Authors' Contribution
All authors were involved in drafting this paper or revising it critically for important intellectual content, and all authors approved the final version to be published. Ssu-Ming Huang, Cheng-Fang Tsai, and Wei-Lan Yeh conceived and designed experiments. The acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data were done by Ssu-Ming Huang and Wei-Lan Yeh. Ssu-Ming Huang, Min-Ying Wang, Dar-Ren Chen, and Wei-Lan Yeh drafted and revised the paper.
This work is supported in part by Grants from the National Science Council (NSC 101–2314-B-303-016-MY3 and NSC 102–2320-B-371-002), Asia University (101-ASIA-41), and Taichung Tzu Chi General Hospital (TTCRD 102-12). The authors thank S. H. Ko for technical support.
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I have an Officejet 6000 and I am running Windows 8.1 on my HP Envy
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Smallholders and changing markets: Observations on regional level
This article intends to provide an analysis of evolving relations in the food chain and their impacts upon small farmers based on the research conducted in four countries in the framework of Regoverning Markets (RM) Project. Each country represents a specific path and level of development. Both Hungary and Poland are quite advanced in the concentration of the retail sector and food processing, while Bulgaria and Russia are less advanced in changing the vertical structure of food production. The results of research conducted in four countries are presented here in a shortened version. Conclusions in this summary reflect mainly the information gathered in the four countries and have to be treated with caution regarding the rest of the region.
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As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to look for a different version under "Related research" (further below) or search for a different version of it.
Volume (Year): 30 (2008)
Issue (Month): 1 (June)
Pages: 5-28
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text:
Return to Top
The Last Cry
I'm trapped in a black hole called
A small town.
Where there is plenty of nothing
To do but sit around and dream
About the things of your lust. Seems
To me people should try to make
A difference in this but really
we don't cause we like being nothing.
There's lots of job security. I
would love this but I'm cursed
With an open mind and a close
Wallet. The only people who's
Listening is J. D. and the booze-
A knife gains interest before I doze.


text:
F--ked By My Two Older Roommates While I Was Sleeping is the story of one young woman who has dreamed about being f--ked while she was out of it, but never thought it would happen, even though she had expressed her desires in front of her two roommates.
One night, after eating pizza, the two older men hatch a plan. After drugging her and taking what they want from their roommate, they plan when they'll do it next. They believe she has no clue about the sex but a few weeks later, there's an incident and she confronts them.
Adults 18+ only: This novelette contains M/F sexual scenes involving sleep sex, group sex, impregnation leading to pregnancy, and other related themes.
©2013 See You Next Tuesday Press (P)2013 See You Next Tuesday Press
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text:
Fig Dish, playing the role of opening band Friday night at the Riviera, gave headliners Veruca Salt an opening that couldn't have fit better than Veruca vocalist Nina Gordon's leather bodysuit.
Led for their last song by Triplefastaction singer Wes Kidd disguised in a bunny suit, the band kicked into an uncannilyy dead-on version of Motley Crue's "Wild Side," with Kidd singing the lyrics from sheets of paper. His movements were Vince Neil incarnate--holding the mike stand near its base and thrusting it at the audience with each chorus. He was all that is cheesy and captivating about stadium metal.


text:
Pig HBaseStorage doesn't work against a local mode HBase 0.94.1.
Updating the JAR in ivy/libraries.properties addresses the issue, which is pasted here:
2012-08-24 23:27:07,431 [main] ERROR org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.Grunt - ERROR 2999: Unexpected internal error. Not a host:port pair: ?'email@example.com,55171,1345873780529
2012-08-24 23:27:07,431 [main] ERROR org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.Grunt - java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not a host:port pair: ?'firstname.lastname@example.com,55171,1345873780529
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HServerAddress.<init>(HServerAddress.java:60)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.RootRegionTracker.dataToHServerAddress(RootRegionTracker.java:82)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.RootRegionTracker.waitRootRegionLocation(RootRegionTracker.java:73)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.locateRegion(HConnectionManager.java:575)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.locateRegion(HConnectionManager.java:555)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.locateRegionInMeta(HConnectionManager.java:684)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.locateRegion(HConnectionManager.java:586)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.locateRegion(HConnectionManager.java:555)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.locateRegionInMeta(HConnectionManager.java:684)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.locateRegion(HConnectionManager.java:590)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.locateRegion(HConnectionManager.java:555)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable.<init>(HTable.java:171)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable.<init>(HTable.java:145)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.TableOutputFormat.setConf(TableOutputFormat.java:196)
at org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.hbase.HBaseStorage.getOutputFormat(HBaseStorage.java:593)
at org.apache.pig.newplan.logical.rules.InputOutputFileValidator$InputOutputFileVisitor.visit(InputOutputFileValidator.java:80)
at org.apache.pig.newplan.logical.relational.LOStore.accept(LOStore.java:66)
at org.apache.pig.newplan.DepthFirstWalker.depthFirst(DepthFirstWalker.java:64)
at org.apache.pig.newplan.DepthFirstWalker.depthFirst(DepthFirstWalker.java:66)
at org.apache.pig.newplan.DepthFirstWalker.depthFirst(DepthFirstWalker.java:66)
at org.apache.pig.newplan.DepthFirstWalker.walk(DepthFirstWalker.java:53)
at org.apache.pig.newplan.PlanVisitor.visit(PlanVisitor.java:50)
at org.apache.pig.newplan.logical.rules.InputOutputFileValidator.validate(InputOutputFileValidator.java:45)
at org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.HExecutionEngine.compile(HExecutionEngine.java:288)
at org.apache.pig.PigServer.compilePp(PigServer.java:1310)
at org.apache.pig.PigServer.executeCompiledLogicalPlan(PigServer.java:1247)
at org.apache.pig.PigServer.execute(PigServer.java:1239)
at org.apache.pig.PigServer.executeBatch(PigServer.java:333)
at org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.GruntParser.executeBatch(GruntParser.java:136)
at org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.GruntParser.parseStopOnError(GruntParser.java:197)
at org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.GruntParser.parseStopOnError(GruntParser.java:169)
at org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.Grunt.exec(Grunt.java:84)
at org.apache.pig.Main.run(Main.java:602)
at org.apache.pig.Main.main(Main.java:154)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:156)
Issue Links
- relates to
PIG-2885 TestJobSumission and TestHBaseStorage don't work with HBase 0.94 and ZK 3.4.3
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As evidenced by the nature of the patch, HBaseStorage totally works with 0.94. You just need to actually use HBase 0.94 jar.
Don't think bumping dependency is the solution, as this screws everyone using 90 and 92 just as much as users of 94 are screwed now – one has to use the core jar, and set up his own classpath, instead of using the fatjar that is mislabeled as pig-withoutdependencies (but bundles hbase, guava, jackson, and a bunch of other stuff).
Long-term solution is probably more along the lines of no longer bundling dependencies, and making bin/pig set up the classpath for you out of core jars, respecting $HBASE_CLASSPATH and so on.
I would also like to see the hbase loader broken out into a separate module.. that might have to wait for mavenization.
What's 0.94's penetration these days, does anyone know?
Bumping hbase to 0.94 also breaks two unit tests: TestHbaseStorage and TestJobSubmission (
PIG-2885). I was able to fix them with hadoop 1.0, but TestHbaseStorage doesn't yet pass with hadoop 0.23.1.
removing 'blocker' priority since pig 0.11 release is by no means tied with hbase 0.94 compatibility.
Hi Bill, thanks for the question.
So the original problem that Russell ran into is because he used the fat "pig.jar" with hbase-0.94. Since there is a mismatch between client (hbase-0.90) and server (hbase-0.94), the above exception is thrown. However, this problem can be worked around by using "pig-withouthadoop.jar", so there is no need for any immediate fix. So I think that this jira can be closed.
In the long term, we probably want to stop embedding hbase in the fat jar as Dmitriy suggested, but that can be done part of
PIG-2885. Please let me know if anyone has objections.
Discussions started this week about a Pig 0.11 branch so we could have a release in the coming months.
'Coming months' is too much.
Since this is a blocking issue, I think it's neccessary a solution as soon as possible.
What exactly are you blocked on? Can you not use pig-withouthadoop.jar with HBase 0.94 as Cheolsoo suggests? Please be more specific and file a JIRA if one doesn't already exist for the problem you're facing.
If your timeline is urgent you can apply the relevant patches yourself as needed, or contribute the patch if it doesn't yet exist.
Hi Ionut,
Please let me summarize what the current issues are with using pig 0.10.0 and hbase 0.94. Hopefully, this will help you to understand better.
1) Pig.jar embeds hbase-0.90; therefore, if you use it with any upper versions of hbase, you will get an incompatibility exception. We could upgrade the hbase dependency in pig.jar to 0.94; however, that will cause the same problem to people who are using hbase-90. In addition, that breaks 2 unit tests (
2) The suggested workaround is using pig-withouthadoop.jar. Since pig-withouthadoop.jar doesn't contain hadoop and hbase, you have to install them and set HADOOP_HOME and HBASE_HOME. The current pig-wihtouthadoop.jar works fine with habse-0.90, 0.92, and 0.94. In fact, there was a question on the user mailing list regarding how to get pig 0.10.0 working with hbase-0.94:
That being said, I don't see why this is a blocking issue. Is there any reason why you cannot use pig-withouthadoop.jar?


text:
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|March 21, 2009, 02:04 PM
Senior Member
Join Date: January 30, 2009
Location: Hamilton, Ohio
Posts: 213
Awoken with "possible" gunfire sounds, mistakes made?
The questions before I start.
We should of called police sooner?
Was I right that at no point in this I felt any need to go for a firearm?
Should I have felt the need?
Am I right to assume that I felt that we were all safe and secure enough out of immediate danger to need a weapon in hand?
edit: Just wanted to add this detail in, we were below window level and our townhouse is all brick.The best possible safe location I thought in our home.
Was me feeling the fact that my sons we about to be experiencing something out of the normal a possible motive for me not instinctively reaching for a firearm when I got out of bed to save them from any further confusion or fear when we ran our practiced drill in a real situation?
And what transpired:
So last night about 2 am my wife and I laid down for bed, we had just got done watching movies with our boys and one was on the couch watching tv still half asleep and one had went to his room. Ages 10 and 17.
It was no more then 20 minutes later I was not fully asleep yet and woke to a muffled POP POP POP POP ....pause POP POP POP
My wife jumped just as quick as I did. We both yelled is that gun fire jumping out of bed.
I knew it was outside and I knew it was coming from the townhouse parking lot next to us as our bedroom window faces it. It did not sound like it was outside though but maybe from inside of a car or the building because it did sound muffled if that makes sense. Sort of EXACTLY like it sounds when you walk up to an inside ranges building you can hear it outside but it is muffled.
I ran to my sons room and told him to get on the ground, my wife ran to the living room and had our son get to the ground off the couch where she moved him to the hallway.
As I exited my older sons room he followed me to the hallway where he joined my wife and younger son.
Again we all heard it POP POP POP POP POP POP in rapid succession but it sounded slightly different but still loud.
I went to the sliding glass doors low and slid the phone to my wife across the living room floor to the hallway. In a kneeling position I pushed the curtain back and opened the door and moved to the balcony just enough where I saw a car with no lights on moving slow through the parking lot then stop. I also noticed my neighbors car in our parking lot running with the door open and him with a flashlight exiting his car about 50 feet from us.
My wife still with phone in hand joins me in a low position on the balcony were we both then see the car speed off with no lights on. She goes back inside to boys.
At this point my neighbor briskly walks to the next lot with a small flashlight in hand.
I told my wife " hold on a second before we call the police, I said maybe it was not gun shots ...I think it was something else maybe I don't know and the neighbor is walking over there?"
She goes in to the kids and I stand now to see if I can see more of what is going on. I can see my neighbors flashlight still moving around about 40 yards from me now. Any second now I believe I will see the police show up as I know we were not the only ones who could of heard this.
About I don't know, 3 minutes goes by and my neighbor starts to walk back where I ask "what is going on here man?"
He says " listen all I know is there is two cars over there with windshields broken out and some heavy damage, I was sitting here getting ready to head off to work when I heard the popping and I got low until it stopped."
I asked if he called the cops and he did not answer me and got into his car and left?
My wife was to the side of the sliding glass doors and heard what transpired. I walked back and and said -CENSORED--CENSORED--CENSORED- was that about he did not even answer me?
Still though NO cops yet? We do not live in a bad area and the cops are called when kids skateboard late at night so I am not understanding this.
I believe a total of about 15 minutes has transpired now we talked to the boys and basically said we did not know what it was but that you guys did GREAT in this! I go to the computer and grab my towns police site, I opted to not call 911 and rather call the station directly because honestly I still had no idea what really just took place besides the loud popping noise we heard, the car we saw and what our neighbor told us.
At this point I do have my scanner on and am monitoring what is going on.
The police show up about 15 minutes later, spot lights on and we here them talking and confirm what we already knew about the damaged cars, the station had called my phone and said the officers would like us to give a statement on what we heard or saw. So we met outside,she asked us a few questions took our information and she informed us that it looked like it was a personal attack as both cars were damaged with what looks like to be baseball bats and registered to the same owner who actually does not even live near our area.
They were in the building interviewing possible witnesses and from what we gathered from the scanner no one saw or heard anything. So she left contact cards on both vehicles.
So the popping sound was bats on glass and glass "exploding". Without looking like too much of a noisy neighbor I snapped two pics this morning.
Basics VS Marlboros both will kill you one just tastes better
Ohios Firearm Classifieds profirearm.com
Last edited by flippycat; March 21, 2009 at 03:10 PM.
|March 21, 2009, 02:50 PM
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Join Date: June 25, 2008
Location: Western Colorado, finally.
Posts: 19,118
"Ah jeez, some kids making noise over on XYZ street again.... Car 2, take a look when you get a chance..."
Still happily answering to the call-sign Peetza.
The problem, as you so eloquently put it, is choice.
-The Architect
He is no fool who gives what he can not keep to gain what he can not lose.
-Jim Eliott, paraphrasing Philip Henry.
|March 21, 2009, 03:09 PM
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|March 21, 2009, 05:12 PM
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In general, you done good - but you ask some specific questions.
|March 21, 2009, 06:15 PM
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Posts: 2,716
something else to think on, your place is probably just brick faced, even a 9mm will shatter a brick pretty good. anything more "potent" will likely punch right on thru.
There is only one tactical principle which is not subject to change. It is to use the means at hand to inflict the maximum amount of wound, death, and destruction on the enemy in the minimum amount of time."
|March 21, 2009, 06:48 PM
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Join Date: August 23, 2008
Location: Illinois
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looks like somebody got caught eating the wrong donut
|March 21, 2009, 08:05 PM
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Join Date: January 30, 2009
Location: Hamilton, Ohio
Posts: 213
Thanks guys for your input, we did a lot of reflecting today about it before and after reading what was posted here.
We basically came to some of the same conclusions also especially about making the call.
I actually had to fix the phone jack in the bedroom today so we could have a phone a tad closer to us at night.
First thing my older son asked me today when we talked about it was dad why didn't you grab a gun?
I told him to expect it if a situation arises like that in the future.
I think the majority of what went down the way it did can be attributed to exactly what you guys said.
Only recently was I able to give my wife some education in regards to firearms so they are new to be an open subject in the house. Though I always had one, it was kept in the back of a closet and di not come out really.
If you read some of my first posts here you can get some more insight into the whole renewed aspect of why they made an appearance again in my lifestyle. I guess 6+ years of them not being considered has made me a tad out of the loop as far as remembering them as a tool in that kind of situation.
We also have decided to reassess our drill routine. As you guys are right I should not of "went to see what was up" and stayed to be sure we were all still safe and secure until the police went to see what was up.
I just was not sure 100% if what I heard was really what I heard so I did not want to make a report of gunfire to the police if there really wasn't any. But for real it was such an intense sound anyone who heard it would of said the same thing that is gun fire.
Basics VS Marlboros both will kill you one just tastes better
Ohios Firearm Classifieds profirearm.com
|March 22, 2009, 09:49 AM
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Join Date: June 6, 2007
Posts: 184
i would not have gone for a gun. if i was awoken by a string or 2 of shots being fired i'd immediately conclude that 1) the shooter wasn't gunning for me (if he was he was a really bad shot) and 2) the guy had a really poor ability to approach me discreetly. if he was gunning for me and was outside my house shooting holes in it, might be a different story.
a while back i was awakened in the middle of the night by 2 or 3 pairs, like double taps. i got up, went into my living room and heard another pair of bangs. the sound was muffled enough that i figured maybe they were a couple hundred yard away. i called the police right away. my first thought was that someone might have been down by the river (past the end of my street, maybe a half dozen houses away), either screwing around or poaching. i figure, what are they gonna do, go house-to-house? so i never felt as if i were in any danger, except maybe by some random stray bullet coming through a wall. and the chances of that happening at that range are really kind of miniscule. and there's no way to use a firearm to defend against such a thing as a stray bullet from down the street. if there was somebody out there, even if they were in a neighbor's yard, what am i gonna do - start trying to return fire or shoot him out an open window? that would have been a bit unwise.
also, i think i need help on how to conjugate the verb "awake."
|March 22, 2009, 10:23 AM
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|March 22, 2009, 11:44 AM
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We had a experince sorta like that but is was midday when My wife and kids and I where visiting my parents at there house.They have marsh land about 25 yrds off the back yrd that when the tide is high the water levels are high enough for small motor boats.The water comes in the yrd at times and infact my father built a boat dock and we had a row boat for recreational fun and note that the land is Also protected by DEP so the most they where allowed is a boat and dock.Now We where all outside sitting and the kiddies where playing in the yrd.Now the wildlife in the marsh land was incredible From Ducks,Canadien geese,Swans and there babys and all sorts of fury things out there.We just got done feeding the ducks,swans and there young off the dock,then shortly after we hear gun shots with out a doubt gun shots and then comes a small motor boat with two guys in there boat firing shot guns in the direction of a maine road.The first thing I told the kids in the house now in fact every one went in except me watching them while I called the police on my cell but they already received calls and where looking in to it.I replied that they should not have to look to hard because there almost in the back yrd and gave them my moms address.by they time they showed up they speed away.That put a damper on just about everyones day.No one wanted to be outside the rest of the day they feared the guys with guns would return or are still out there.On a side Note I was packing but was in No hurry to draw out a weapon,that would have just made me look paranoid and foolish.
Last edited by djohn; March 22, 2009 at 11:54 AM.
|March 23, 2009, 12:50 PM
Join Date: July 7, 2008
Location: Upper midwest
Posts: 5,182
Yeah, you definitely should have called the police right away. I'm trying to get this into my head, too -- if in doubt, call -- after a couple of incidents outside my house in which, by the time I decided to call the cops, they'd arrived after someone else's call. Neither was gun-related: one was a drunk in the street, late at night, shouting (and in some danger from traffic), and the other was a bunch of, um, young persons yelling at each other. Both times I thought, yeah, dummy, if you even thought about it, you should've called. And both times people were cuffed and taken away.
But if I heard pop-pop-pop, I'd be calling, unless it was the week before the 4th of July. I wouldn't be trying to decide if it was gunfire or not: let the police sort it out. And if I even thought it might be, I'd be going for the gun myself.
Never let anything mechanical know you're in a hurry.
|April 3, 2009, 09:06 PM
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Join Date: December 22, 2007
Location: Florida
Posts: 1,222
Call police?
Ditto to what Peetzakilla said.........
|April 8, 2009, 07:17 AM
Join Date: January 8, 2009
Posts: 66
Call Police
If I called the police everytime I heard what I am 99.99% sure is gunfire even after dark here I'd call them so often we'd be on a first name basis. It's not a year round thing but during warmer weather it starts and then as hunting season approaches it increases considerably. During daylight hours it's no big deal. After the sun goes down it makes you wonder why any legitimate gun owner would be shooting. It's from far enough away that pinpointing an exact location would be difficult, at best, since I'm inside when I hear them. Even outside, I'm sure I'd only be able to have a little more generalized direction. That all being said, if I heard what I suspected to be gunshots in other areas of the country that I have lived in I would be dialing 911 while I was checking my firearm to be sure it was loaded especially if my kids were in the house.
|April 8, 2009, 07:54 PM
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Location: RGV, Tx
Posts: 787
man if someone knocks on my door and wakes me up i grab a gun before i look and see who it is. not to mention if i here odd noises outside
my neighbors are used to seeing my head pop out a door and a gun in my hand
And death climbs the steps one by one, To give you the rose that's been burnt by her son, Point me to the sky above I can't get there on my own, Walk me through the graveyard Dig up her bones
|April 11, 2009, 05:08 PM
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Join Date: February 11, 2009
Location: Washington
Posts: 414
My dog usually hears this stuff before I do, and anytime she wakes me up I grab my shotgun and go to condition 1, safety on. My bedpartner is ready with the phone, but usually we just wait a few minutes and go back to bed, sometimes she makes me "check all the doors again" and I take the gun with just in case, in the "alert" stance.
Sure, if I didn't instinctively grab the weapon and rack the slide, I wouldn't have to unload and reload it before bed... but the one time that I need it I'll be glad I did.
You can have your churches, I'll keep my guns. Just keep your hands off my paycheck and your eyes out of my backyard.
Join the Libertarian Party! http://www.lp.org
Semper Fidelis
|April 17, 2009, 07:17 AM
Join Date: April 17, 2009
Posts: 33
That is something that you can call the police for. I always get "Check Location For..." calls with no miscellaneous service request with no descriptions of suspect(s). Sometimes they are valid and sometimes they are not. There is no problem with calling the police for unknown troubles. You did all you could in your ability to initially investigate what was happening. Police do not expect the average citizen to leave the house and walk around looking for what caused gunfire-like noises; you are expected to do what you did. You could explain to the 911 dispatcher that you heard the shots, observed an unknown vehicle leaving the incident location at a high rate of speed with no lights on. What MOST LIKELY HAPPENED was an entering auto in progress. Hell, if you would have called the police and they caught the perps who did it, you would have probably been awarded a department commendation. (well our department sometimes gives those out to the citizens that help)
But your decision and actions are not wrong. You were alert and the saftey of your family came first. That was very good reaction on your part and in the future you are fully justified in calling the police. Police are used to false alarms and recieve them COUNTLESS numbers of times. It goes with the job, but you have to understand one thing that we all think about too; there WILL be an instance where one of those "alarm" or "check location" calls are going to be valid. There is no such thing as a "boy who cried wolf" when it comes to 911. There is always certain protocol to follow on a call, whether it be valid, prank or misnotion.
|April 17, 2009, 08:20 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: November 29, 2006
Location: Northern Illinois
Posts: 515
I hear fireworks (illegal here) pretty regularly. Some sound a lot like gunfire, especially from a distance. I don't call the cops because I don't care if people light off a few illegal firecrackers and even if they were gunshots, I can't tell from the sound where they are coming from.
Once I heard what I thought was a shotgun being discharged. Did not call on that one either.
Disclaimers: I am not a lawyer, cop, soldier, gunsmith, politician, plumber, electrician, or a professional practitioner of many of the other things I comment on in this forum.
|April 17, 2009, 08:28 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: March 15, 2009
Location: East Tennessee
Posts: 811
8 seconds
.... is my best time thus far to grab my gun from my nightstand and grab my clip from a hidden area in my desk and rack a round. This is what would have happened at my home if I thought I heard gunfire.
sailing ... A way to spend lots of money and go real S L O W
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text:
Twisted Metal: Why It's Shot Itself In The Foot
Twisted Metal is now likely to be a 'mature' rated retail release, as opposed to the first-announced 'teen' download-only game we were so looking forward to.
Since then we've played it and we've not been blown away. Now, with this, I can't help but feel Twisted Metal has shot itself in the foot. Or stabbed itself in the eye, as the case may be.
Yes, Twisted Metal: Black had 'mature' themes (and was a brilliant game) – so much so that they were cut for the EU release. But this isn't a series built on attracting a particularly adult, 'mature' audience.
Twisted Metal is a silly, fun series and finds a strong following in a teenage audience. That's not me being dismissive (nor is it based on observable fact) – it's just how things feel and seem to be. It's not exactly the kind of game 30-something gamers come together to have deep discussions on.
So surely swapping out the 'T' for a 'M' effectively eliminates this core audience?
Granted, age ratings – especially in the US – don't exactly stop people from buying games, but the mere fact the game is likely to have a 'M' on the front cover rather than a 'T' speaks volumes, I think, to three groups: impulse purchasers, parents (and others) who want to play with younger gamers and those buying for gifts.
The 'mature' on the box is sure to put these people off buying what they would likely have little hesitation to buy if it were a simple, innocent 'teen' game. It's got cars! And explosions! Harmless fun!
Swap the 'T' for a 'M' with a picture of a scary clown and I think you're trying to attract the wrong audience.
I don't want Twisted Metal to fail – the original is home to some truly great schooltime memories for me, the second is one of my favourite games ever made and TM:Black was excellent. But when this popped up, I couldn't think anything other than 'they've stabbed themselves in the eye'.
I don't know. Maybe I'm wrong.
[You will notice the words 'mature' and 'teen' keep appearing in speechmarks. That's because no Twisted Metal game has ever actually been 'mature'. Yes, I'm being a bit petty.]
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Recently I had to take my kitten Myrtle to the vets for all of her kitten jabs and the likes and I took her to pets at home vets where not only did I get her injections but micro chip and even a voucher for a free bag of this food that would of cost me £16.49 instore that day (as well as a few other things too!) for one fixed price. Myrtle to this point only ate wet food and so I wasn't all that excited about getting this however my mate comes to stay often and brings her kitten round often and he pinches her food so I was in the end pleased at getting this and had hoped Myrtle would like it too of course!
The Packaging:
Well this comes in what is called a Freshpack meaning that it is made of light and dark pink plastic on the outside and silver foil inside and to the top of it the bag is resealable with a zip system to it. On the front of the bag we are clearly told that it is Royal Canin Kitten '36' and that it is to be given to kittens up 12 months of age and that it is meant to be very good for a kittens natural defences and to help the litter tray not smell so bad as well as being great for digestive health and we are shown a picture of a couple of pretty kittens and a picture showing us the kibbles (the biscuits!). Other information listed includes being told a bit more about the food, feeding advice is clearly given as well as the composition of it, the size is stated which in this case is large 2kg bag and contact details for the manufacturer are listed.
The Food Itself:
Like I stated earlier I had high hopes for her liking this food as it isn't cheap stuff and is recommended by a lot of vets and breeders alike, in fact when I saw the price of it I half hoped she wouldn't like it for the reason as it isn't cheap but decided that if she did I would keep her on it as it is all round good for a kittens health!
The kibbles are dark brown, small and rather flat and of course are dry and in biscuit form. They are so tiny that a kitten from one month of age can be given these and the amount to be fed is clearly stated per age group up to 12 months on the bag.
They are made from a variety of things of course including poultry protein, rice, animal fats, maize, fish oil and I can smell the yeast in it the most. Dried food is meant to be good for teeth and to help stop the fermentable residue in the intestine however Myrtle simply won't touch this stuff sadly.
My friends cat will nibble these and seems to be quite taken with it and I can often hear him crunching his way through what I've tried to feed Myrtle on earlier on in the day so it is getting eaten but no matter what I do and how I try my Myrtle just isn't interested and even if I don't feed her anything else and leave her to this and try and get her to eat no more than a couple of the kibbles will get munched on.
Not one I will buy again as she doesn't appreciate it but I can't argue with the quality of it and believe the claims that are made from this trusted brand!
Available in all good pet shops and supermarkets and in different sizes too and the 2 KG bag is meant to be 28 days supply though that depends on the age and size of your cat of course!
This review is also posted on Ciao under this same username.
Royal Canin Kitten 36 cat food for kittens from the 4 to 12 months old as well as pregnant or nursing cats. Kibble designed for the permanent teeth of young cats starting at 4 months old.


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I was fine with Didi leaving. The time from tour to top 5 is just filler for me...makes no difference when they go out b/c they have no shot of winning.
I like Tim's attitude - as Tim must see it - by all rights he should be home watching on TV - if Chris Golightly had not been disqualified then America would have NEVER once seen Tim Urban sing a note. So all of this is gravy to him. He's on the tour - he's never going to win - so why not just enjoy the ride. I imagine the Disney execs are chomping at the bit to cast him in High School Musical 4!


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Andre Schurrle scores 17-minute hat-trick to secure Chelsea win at Fulham [Vine Videos]
Jose Mourinho can be well chuffed with his decision to play Andre Schurrle at Fulham as the German international bagged a 17-minute second half hat-trick to secure victory.
It was Chelsea's third Premier League hat-trick in six weeks and a win in what looked a tricky fixture, extends their lead at the top.
Eden Hazard, who earlier had pulled out a rabona cross, set up the first two for Schurrle on 52 and 65.
With, Fernando Torres providing Chelsea and Schurrle's third for 3-0 on 69.
They were Andre Schurrle's first Premier League goals for Chelsea…


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According to David MacDonald, a senior economist at Ottawa's Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, major Canadian banks received more financial support from the government between 2008 and 2010 than they were worth! More than 100 billion dollars were paid out to banks to relieve these institutions of unmarketable mortgage securities, in order to help them maintain their liquidity.
Some in the financial community have criticized Mr. MacDonald for referring to these financial supports as "bailouts" and hence creating a story out of nothing. In their opinion, a typical bailout is like what happened in the US where Washington invested in overvalued securities which were dominated by subprime mortgages that had been handed out; here on the other hand, the government 'rewarded' the banks for being managed well and weathering the storm of the worldwide financial crisis.
One critic, UofT Professor Laurence Booth, calls this "conspiracy" thinking saying: "The banks have the right to borrow under the standing liquidity facility and/or the emergency liquidity facility from the Bank of Canada. This provides purchase and resale agreement (PRA) financing with securities determined as eligible by the Bank of Canada,"
The beneficiaries of the so called 'bailouts' were CIBC, Scotiabank and BMO.
What are your thoughts on this issue?
source: IPSnews.net


text:
Saints chairman Ralph Krueger has issued a glowing endorsement of the work being conducted by Les Reed, and has said any criticism of the club's executive director is unwarranted.
Reed emerged as the key decision maker on football matters at St Mary's following Nicola Cortese's departure last January and he has overseen a challenging summer, featuring five major player sales, as well as the loss of a manager and the appointment of a new one.
Reed has been criticised at times, but Krueger believes the 61-year-old, along with owner Katharina Liebherr, has proved pivotal to the club's success.
"Les Reed is for me, purely football, the main reason why, combined with Katharina, the Saints are where they are today," Krueger said in an interview with the Daily Echo, adding that Reed is doing an "outstanding" job.
Reed was appointed in 2010 to oversee what was known as the football development and support centre, which encompassed areas such as the academy, scouting and recruitment, and sports science.
He has since risen to a position on the board, with Krueger saying he has taken many "critical decisions" along the way that have made a positive difference, claiming that, in one example, he helped prevent an even earlier exit for Luke Shaw.
"People might not like the fact that Luke Shaw was sold, but the only reason for me Luke Shaw was still here was because of Les Reed," said Krueger.
"I know the way that developed and I know what happened, speaking also to the parents and agents that were involved, that Luke Shaw wouldn't have been here without Les Reed.
"You can say 'I'm not happy that Luke Shaw was sold this summer', but Luke Shaw might have been gone two years ago if it wasn't for Les."
Krueger added: "I think any criticism of him right now is completely out of context."
Reed also led the search for Ronald Koeman, who arrived this summer as the replacement for Mauricio Pochettino, following the Argentine's departure for Tottenham.
Krueger believes the Dutchman is proving to be an ideal appointment, saying he does not simply view Saints as a stepping stone – an accusation that could perhaps have been levelled at his predecessor.
"Ronald came in and fit the bill as far as embracing what was already here, and he also brought the personality we needed, and the long-term vision," said Krueger.
"We needed to find somebody who was going to say 'I don't need for my ego, or my profession, or whatever other reasons, to just see Southampton as a stepping stone.'
"I think Ronald has shown that he is here to make a difference and do something different long-term and truly build something."
While Krueger is encouraged by the direction the club is taking on the pitch, he also says great work has gone on behind the scenes since the new regime came in.
"I think, more than anything, the overall culture and the overall infrastructure of the management level of the organisation was not in a healthy place," he said.
Krueger added: "All the changes that were made off the pitch were strong and solid changes for the sustainability of the club.
"We built and really nurtured a very strong executive board level that didn't exist before."
Krueger said that, even aside from revenue gained via player sales, the club is in a "good" position financially, with the new board having previously described the situation as "difficult", following the training ground revamp going over budget and £27m having remained in outstanding transfer fees.
He hopes supporters will come to see the benefits of what is being done.
"I think the fans should get excited about the fact we are building something here that has a long-term future," he said.
"I think they should also be excited that we're doing everything possible to make sure this is the only summer they experience like this.
"I don't like to make promises. I'm not going to sit here and say trust us – we want to earn that.
"But just enjoy the process and believe in one thing – the Saints organisation has an owner that is passionate, loves the team, loves the people and loves what her father passed on to her, and that love is being passed right through the organisation.
"We only have people here now who are here for the right reason. If any changes have been made in the club, they were because possibly people weren't here for the right reasons, and that's something important for people to know."


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Desillusion Magazine's "This is Eric Koston" Profile
Desillusion Magazine's "This Is Eric Koston" profiles the legendary Los Angeles-based skateboarder and his thoughts on all of his endeavors.
French purveyors of skateboarding, surfing and snowboarding radness, Desillusion, present the latest addition to their This Is profile series. "This Is Eric Koston" catches up with legendary skateboarder and gives viewers a poetic glimpse into his livelihood.
Professional since 1992, Koston is the the epitome of the skateboarding industry's evolution, success and timelessness, the man skates for Nike, has his own signature skate shoe, co-owns The Berrics indoor skate park in Los Angeles, and still manages to kill at competitions all while being a good, husband and father to his wife and kids. Listen to the progressive family man talk about how the skateboarding has shaped his life and what he envisions for the sport after his departure.


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Shawne Merriman played into the second quarter on Saturday, 22 snaps in all.
He said his knee was a little sore Sunday after he played almost every defensive down of the first quarter and looked stronger and more fluid than he had in the preseason opener seven days prior.
It's all part of the progress he has seen and expects to continue as he comes back from the major knee surgery that ended his 2008 season before it really began.
While Merriman expects to at some point be the player he always has been, the linebacker cautions that the process won't be complete when the season begins Sept. 14.
Oh, he's still 25 and invincible. He still believes "impossible" is a word for mortals. He plans on being the best player on the field that night in Oakland, even if he's not 100 percent.
But he acknowledged that his knee won't be at full strength until late September "or maybe October." Games like this past Saturday in Phoenix and this coming Saturday in Atlanta, where he will likely push himself to at least halftime, are among the measuring points he has established.
"I think every seven days I make a jump," he said. "That's what it is right now. I feel a difference in my body every seven to 10 days."
Merriman expects opponents to attack and test his knee, which last September had the torn lateral collateral ligament and posterior cruciate ligament in his left knee repaired. But he isn't worried.
"I think that it's misunderstood, that it's the shot that does it," he said. "It's not the shot that does it. It's the plant and all that stuff. Someone could hit me or chop block me or do all that, that's not the problem. It's the plant and the change of direction and all that stuff that you worry about when you come back from this type of knee injury."
What he does know for sure is that teams will continue to double-team, run away from him and generally focus on making sure he doesn't disrupt their offense – even if he isn't 100 percent.
He remembers Carolina offensive coordinator Jeff Davidson talking to him after last year's season opener, Merriman's only game in '08.
"He said, 'Look, we didn't know whether you were 50 percent or 90 percent or whatever; we had to prepare like you were good to play,' " Merriman recalled. "And that's what I think the word will be going around the league this year."
Merriman expects teams will focus on him this year the way they did in 2007, his best all-around season despite a drop of five sacks from the previous year. It was in '07 that Merriman blossomed as a sideline-to-sideline and downfield threat as offenses went to quick throws and runs away from him.
"It was, to me, (the best season of three full ones in the NFL) as far as taking on double-teams and fighting through everything, and having more tackles, and causing more corruption to offenses. It definitely was," he said. "That's what people forget, you know, when you see the numbers and sacks and stuff like that – there's a lot of guys in this league that can sack people."
It was pointed out to Merriman that he could perhaps have a stellar year and not be the Chargers' sack leader. Merriman looked at the person he was talking to as if the man had insulted his grandmother. He plans on leading the Chargers in sacks.
But he accepted the premise.
"Everybody's numbers are going to be back up," he said. "That's my goal. If (Antonio Cromartie) gets 10 interceptions, I'll look at it like I've done my job."


text:
STOCKHOLM, Sweden, Oct. 10 (UPI) -- A 71-year-old German professor from Berlin on Wednesday was announced as the winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in chemistry in Sweden.
In a statement, the Nobel committee said Gerhard Ertl was awarded "for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces."
The committee noted Ertl's work in determining the mechanisms at the molecular level, of the catalytic synthesis of ammonia over iron and the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide over palladium.
In 1998, Ertl won the Wolf Prize in Chemistry along with Gabor Somorjai of the University of California, Berkeley for "their outstanding contributions to the field of surface science.
Ertl works as professor emeritus at the Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft in Berlin.
The prize, which is to be formally awarded Dec. 10, carries a cash award of about $1.5 million.


text:
Badgers rumble past Akron
And it certainly worked early on. The Badgers� bulldozing running back rambled for 108 yards and a touchdown in the first quarter, on his way to 210 yards and two scores for the day.
But Wisconsin�s plans hit a slight hiccup when Hill fumbled on the goal line, helping Akron rally to within a touchdown at halftime. The Badgers then scored on their first two possessions of the third quarter and went on to put the pesky Zips away 38-17.
�We were in a position when it was 17-0, and everybody�s saying, �Oh, that�s just what we do,�� Badgers coach Bret Bielema said. �I don�t know if there was the urgency in the second quarter. But they restored the roar in the third.�
It was the second career game of more than 200 yards rushing for Hill, who gained more than 1,200 yards in each of his first two seasons despite nagging injuries.
The Badgers came pretty close to having three 100-yard rushers Saturday � backup running back Zach Brown added 87 yards and a touchdown and John Clay had 71 yards and a touchdown � but Hill is still the backbone of their offense.
�You want to show them that it�s going to be a long day,� Hill said. �It�s not going to be easy. Badger football � we play physical football, straight at you. Nothing too fancy. Eventually it�s going to wear you down.�
But not without a little drama.
Trailing 17-0, Akron used a shotgun spread formation � an offensive trend that gave Wisconsin�s defense fits last season � to put together a 10-play, 72 yard drive that ended with Chris Jacquemain�s 3-yard touchdown pass to Merce Poindexter to cut Wisconsin�s lead to 17-7.
After a long kickoff return and face mask penalty, the Badgers got the ball back at the Akron 18-yard line. They ran Hill three straight times � and he fumbled as he stretched toward the goal line on his third carry, sending the ball bouncing out of the end zone and giving the ball back to Akron.
�I was just being competitive,� Hill said. �I should have known better than reaching with the ball.�
The Badgers forced a punt and drove to the Zips� 6-yard line. But new Badgers starting quarterback Allan Evridge was intercepted by safety Brian Williams, who ran the ball back to the Badgers� 38-yard line with 22 seconds left in the half. After a field goal, Akron trailed 17-10 at halftime.
�We were excited,� Jacquemain said. �We closed out the first half pretty well. We were in it at halftime and we were excited coming out for the second half. It just fell apart for us.�
Hill broke free for a 34-yard run on Wisconsin�s first possession of the second half, then ended the drive by plunging into the end zone on fourth-and-goal from the 1-yard line to put Wisconsin ahead 24-10.
Akron running back Dennis Kennedy fumbled on the first play of the Zips� next possession, and the Badgers drove for a 2-yard touchdown by Brown to take a 31-10 lead with 6:20 left in the third quarter.
Akron coach J.D. Brookhart said his team made too many mistakes to pull off an upset.
�We�re going to have to play extremely well, and they�re going to have to make some mistakes to have that opportunity,� Brookhart said. �They did make those mistakes, but we didn�t take advantage of them, and then (had) a couple momentum shifts early in the second half that didn�t help us.�
And Akron needed to slow down Wisconsin�s running game more than they did.
�I thought our effort was good today,� Brookhart said. �Our inexperience and youth showed. Obviously up front defensively, they handled us pretty well and wore us down. I bet they do that quite a bit this year.�
Bielema said the Badgers presented a �unique problem� that Akron wasn�t likely to see in the Mid-American Conference, making Saturday�s game hard to prepare for.
�They�ve got some playmakers,� Bielema said. �I think that quarterback is a good football player. He missed some throws there, but hopefully we had something to do with that.�
Evridge also missed a few throws in his debut as the Badgers� starter, and two of them could have been particularly costly � his second-quarter interception and another one that nearly was picked off near the end of the first quarter. Evridge watched in relief as Akron safety Tyler Campbell dropped the ball with nothing but space between himself and the other end zone.
Evridge was 7-of-10 for 75 yards with a touchdown and an interception.
�I think I did fairly well,� Evridge said. �I handed off the ball all right.�
Last updated: 9:54 pm Thursday, December 13, 2012


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The Scarlet Dagger (The Red Sector Chronicles Book 1)
Today's Free Kindle eBook: The Scarlet Dagger (The Red Sector Chronicles Book 1)
**Complete trilogy now available!**The strength of Sloane's heart is about to be put to the ultimate test. After the Eclipse – the night vampires began openly slaughtering human victims – everything changed. Out of fear, the government salvaged what remained of the human population and enclosed them in massive, security-laden cities called White Sectors, while marking the vampire infested territory as Red Sectors.When seventeen-year-old Sloane McAllister's twin brother disappears, she seems to be the only one who thinks he isn't dead, and vows to stop at nothing to find him. Gathering her courage, she braves the Red Sector to search for clues to his whereabouts. By chance, she encounters Aden, a handsome, charismatic vampire with a hidden agenda. He turns Sloane against her will, and whisks her away to his underground city. Enemies quickly become friends as Sloane struggles against her attraction to Aden, and resists her growing loyalties to the creatures that ruined her life. But the vampires themselves are the least of her problems. The city is harboring a devastating secret, one that could change the tide of the war and threaten to destroy everything Sloane has come to believe in.Books by Krystle Jones:THE RED SECTOR CHRONICLES1. The Scarlet Dagger2. Dark Horizons3. Cross My Heart.5 Dark Knight–a prequel novella to The Scarlet Dagger, told from Aden's point of view.
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Entertaining Mr Sloane
på Trafalgar Studio One
Imelda Staunton and Mathew Horne star in a revival of Joe Orton's wickedly biting 1964 comedy taking mischievous peep at the hypocrisy behind the new permissive society of the 1960's.
Entertaining Mr Sloane Anmeldelser
"A cracking new production. Wonderfully, mercilessly funny."
Daily Telegraph
"A comic masterpiece"
The Times
"Terrific. Superb. exuberantly funny"
Time Out
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RPGWatch Feture: Legend - Hand of God Developer Diary #8
Today Jan describes a typical work day at Master Creating. Normal office hours are something different. ;)
More information.
No need to delete your message. We appreciate to be informed about mistakes. We can only fix them if we know about them. :)
I hope that 12 hour day talk wasn't to involk pitty. I would love to work for a dev studio, start work at 11, make games all day, and then end the day with a movie. Thats the life. If they bought cots and installed a shower they would save a lot on rent. And if the just got prostitutes they would save a lot on families. Thats the life: games, movies, and hookers and no rent.
I spy with my little eye something that is grey and now without content. ;)
They´re in Hamburg. Reeperbahn, baby! :p
Tell them they have a new intern on the way.
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Melina Kanakaredes
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With her wavy brunette hair, piercing green eyes and expressive personality, Melina Kanakaredes has been winning fans since her 1991 breakout role as Greek immigrant Eleni Andros on CBS' daytime serial "Guiding Light. " The Ohio-born former beauty contestant spent nearly five years playing the character who moved from wide-eyed innocent to more mature wife and mother, earning a Daytime Emmy nod along the way. Her talent and abilities transcended the genre and like others who began their days in daytime (e.g., Meg Ryan, Marisa Tomei), it seemed only a matter of time before she would make the leap to primetime and features. Kanakaredes made her feature debut in Gregory Hines' uneven portrait of an interracial romance "Bleeding Hearts" (1994) and went on to small roles in "The Long Kiss Goodnight" (1996), "Dangerous Beauty" and "Rounders" (both 1998) and "15 Minutes" (2001).


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Have you seen our financial crisis through a different lens? Or do you dare to dream when others damn a thing? Can you see another side?
Do you look at war or peace from many angles? I ran into a government run outfit that sells guns and ammunition to US Troops. Sales go down when military members go home.
Do you support war because you see "doing nothing" as the only alternative? Or do you favor robust peace plans when conflict erupts?
We may have built cultures around one way of seeing war as a best approach. We may have labeled peace as a dangerous do-nothing default.
But the brain comes with equipment for a wider view – and finer options.
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