text:
In New York City, KIPP Through College actively supports 1,366 KIPPsters to and through college… and beyond.
Creating a kindergarten through college network is a recognition that a KIPP education alone is not enough mitigate the barriers to college completion rates nationwide. We believe our ongoing support makes a big difference in helping KIPP alumni cross the college finish line.
What We Do
KIPP Through College matches our alumni with advisors – coaches, mentors and confidants – who assist them in navigating the road to and through college. We empower our alumni and their families to find the college that best matches their needs, identify scholarship and financing options, advise students on dealing with academic and social challenges, and connect them to deeper academic and counseling resources when necessary. KIPP Through College staff also run career preparation and exploration programs and reach out to alumni who are potentially stalled on their school and career paths.
» Learn more about our program and future plans.
Here's what our alumni have accomplished so far:
95% of KIPP NYC alumni have graduated high school, nearly 2x the rate of minority students in NYC.
86% of our students have matriculated to college, nearly 2x the rate of low-income students nationally.
42% of KIPP NYC alumni have earned a B.A. degree, compared to 10% of low-income students nationally.
Notably, KIPP NYC's goal for alumni college completion is 75% — the rate at which students in the highest income quartile complete college. We are proud of the progress that our alumni are making toward that objective. And we are both humbled and excited by the challenge that lies ahead.


text:
Royals extend contract with Triple-A affiliate
Royals extend contract with Triple-A affiliate
HOUSTON -- The Royals extended their player development contract with Triple-A Omaha through the 2016 season on Tuesday.
Omaha has been a Royals' affiliate since 1969. The Storm Chasers also announced their new ownership group, Alliance Baseball Omaha LLC, on Tuesday.
Martie Cordaro, Omaha president and general manager since October 2011, said there was never any doubt that the clubs would extend the contract.
"In my 14 years of Minor League Baseball, I have never personally experienced such a great relationship with a Major League affiliate," Cordaro said. "We are excited to extend our partnership with the Royals."
In 2011, the Storm Chasers won the Pacific Coast League championship. They are currently in first place in the American North division with a 44-27 record.

subset: commoncrawl


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AC trams to hit roads before summer
If you happen to be in Kolkata this summer, then you are in luck as the Calcutta Tramways Company (CTC) is launching its first single coach air-conditioned mobile cafeteria tram, for that special joyride.kolkata Updated: Feb 14, 2013 15:27 IST
This summer you can enjoy a special joyride in the city in Kolkata's heritage mode of transport. Calcutta Tramways Company (CTC) is launching its first single coach air-conditioned mobile cafeteria tram.
If everything goes well then the new trams will hit city roads by April, said CTC officials. According to them, CTC got a fund of R15 lakh from the state government for launching a mobile cafeteria tram that will feature several modern facilities including LCD screen, Wi-Fi mobile charger and so forth.
"Initially we will run only one mobile cafeteria tram. If we get good response from passengers and public we might introduce a few more cafeteria trams," said CTC chairman Shantilal Jain.
However, CTC is reportedly groaning under huge loss and irregular salary payment of its employees due to money crunch for a couple of years. In May 2012 CTC, for being the biggest loss maker mode of transport among all, got an ultimatum from chief minister Mamata Banerjee. CTC officials initiated to renovate four trams into mobile cafeterias after getting 'either be self sufficient or get phased out' threat from the chief minister.
Transport minister Madan Mitra even announced of launch these mobile cafeteria trams before October 2012. But according to CTC officials, "the technical difficulties delayed the project" last year. Finally the deluxe tram is being given its final touches at Nonapukur tram workshop.
"A five-ton air-conditioned machine will be set in the tram. There will be an LCD screen too where cultural programmes on Tagore songs and drama, folk music will be played constantly," said Jain.There will be around 34 deluxe seats in the tram with attached trays. The mobile cafeteria tram will also serve cookies, chocolates and snacks to its passengers.
"There will be a snack box and refrigerator containing mineral water bottles inside the tram. Commuters have to pay separately to avail food and water," said Jain.
The CTC officials are assuming that the fare of this mobile cafeteria tram will be around R20 and it will run at different parts of the city including BBD Bag, Gariahat, Shyambazar, Park Circus and so on. But it will not run in Kidderpore area since CTC is revamping the old trams tracks in the area.
Following chief minister's proposal CTC launched two special trams in reverence of 150-year birth anniversary of Swami Vive kananda on Wednesdayf rom the Esplanade tram terminus.
"Two special trams namely 'Bibek Tirtho' and 'Paribrajak' were flagged off by transport Madan Mitra on Wednesday. 'Bibek-Tirtho', a museum tram on Swami Vivekananda will be at different parts across the city including Garihat, Howrah Bridge, Bagbazar, Esplanade and so forth for public viewing while 'Paribrajak' will be a passenger tram that will run from Esplanade tram terminus. Both the trams will function till April 15," said a CTC official.


text: Costa Brava Scuba Diving Experience | When Thumbs Up Meant Something Else Underwater It has been exactly one year today. On this day, we were at Costa Brava, the coastal region of Northeastern Catalonia. After few minutes of theoretical training of Do's, Dont's and sign languages to be followed underwater, I was… AnuradhaOctober 17, 2016June 13, 2017 Spain No Comments Read more


text:
Hello there,
my teacher gave us a homework at C but i couldnt figure that out
can any one please solve it? or give me directions
Thank you in advance.
ln n/e^n (from n=1 to infinity)
Write a C program which will find the sum of the N-terms of the above
convergent series. The program will consist of a MAIN function and a
Within the MAIN function.
. Number of terms N will be read from the standard input.
. N will be passed to the function as an argument.
. Sum of the N terms(return value from the function) will be printed.
Within the function.
. Sum of the N terms of the given series will be calculated and returned
to the MAIN function.


text:
Rangers Opening Day outlook
Rangers Opening Day outlook
1. Brad Wilkerson, LF:
The Rangers wanted a leadoff hitter with a high on-base percentage. Wilkerson has the fifth-best on-base percentage for a leadoff hitter over the past four seasons in the Majors. But his aching shoulder is a concern.
2. Michael Young, SS:
He led the American League in hitting in 2005 and has batted over .300 with at least 200 hits and 100 runs scored over the past three seasons. His goal is to be a better defensive shortstop.
3. Mark Teixeira, 1B:
This guy is a definite Most Valuable Player candidate, batting .301 with 43 home runs and 144 RBIs in 2005. A switch-hitter, most of his damage was done from the left side. He won a Gold Glove for his defense.
4. Phil Nevin, DH:
Nevin is a crucial piece to the Rangers offense. If he can be the run producer he was in San Diego, it will give the Rangers a needed right-handed bat in the middle of the order and help replace Alfonso Soriano's offense.
5. Hank Blalock, 3B:
He is not coming off a great year but has more game-winning hits and go-ahead RBIs than any Ranger over the past three years. He also led the AL in fielding at his position in 2005.
6. Kevin Mench, RF:
He hit .185 with runners in scoring position last year. He also hit 25 home runs with 73 RBIs, and the Rangers think he can take that to 30 home runs and 100 RBIs.
7. Laynce Nix , CF:
He went on the disabled list on July 15 last year because of a shoulder injury. Eventually had surgery on both shoulders. Came on strong at the end of Spring Training to win a job. In his career, he has hit .256 against RHP but just .196 vs. LHP.
8. Rod Barajas, C:
He is solid defensively and respected by his pitchers for ability to call a game. He threw out 21 of 65 baserunners attempting to steal and was throwing well in Spring Training. He has 36 home runs in 768 at-bats over the past two years.
9. Ian Kinsler, 2B:
Kinsler is a rookie who put up some strong offensive numbers over the past two years in the Minors. He switched from shortstop to second base a year ago so his ability to play defense will be crucial.
1. Kevin Millwood, RHP:
He was the big free-agent signing of the offseason after leading the AL in ERA for the Indians in 2005. A guy who has won at least 17 games three times in his career, Millwood is expected to be the ace of the staff.
2. Vicente Padilla, RHP:
He won 14 games in both 2002 and 2003 but a total of 16 since then. The Rangers need at least 14. Padilla loves to throw the fastball, but the Rangers want him to use more breaking and off-speed stuff.
3. Kameron Loe, RHP:
This is a guy who has a boa constrictor for a pet, which reflects his toughness on the mound. A big-time ground-ball pitcher who throws strikes, he was 4-2 with a 2.70 ERA in eight starts as a rookie last year.
4. R.A. Dickey, RHP:
This will be his first full season as a knuckleball pitcher. Usually it takes longer to master the pitch, but the Rangers feel he is ready to compete against big-league hitters. He needs to throw strikes with multiple movement.
5. John Koronka, LHP:
Koronka, acquired Friday from the Cubs in a three-team deal, is getting this chance because Eaton is down for three months with a hand injury. The 25-year-old made his Major League debut last June 1, beating the Los Angeles Dodgers, and was 1-0 with a 3.75 ERA in 10 innings this spring.
Closer Cordero was an All-Star in 2004 and has 86 saves over the past two seasons. There was some concern about his shoulder in Spring Training, but he finished strong and looks ready for the season. The Rangers hold an option on him for next season at $6 million, which can only help in the motivation department.
Eaton has a strained tendon on the middle finger of his right hand and is expected to miss three months.
Outfielder Gary Matthews Jr. is expected to start the season on the disabled list with a strained rib-cage muscle but should be ready at some point during the April.
Left-handed starter Brian Anderson is still recovering from Tommy John elbow surgery and the Rangers are hoping he can be an option by June 1.
Right-handed relievers Ryan Bukvich and Frank Francisco are also recovering from Tommy John surgery and should miss the first month or two. Bukvich is ahead of Francisco and could be a bullpen option sometime in the first half.
Pitching remains the single biggest issue on the Rangers, a team that finished 12th in the AL with a 4.96 ERA in 2005. Since the start of the 2000 season, the Rangers' 5.26 team ERA is the highest in the AL.
"There are a lot of guys here who feel we should win the division title and we'll be disappointed if we don't." -- Nevin
T.R. Sullivan is a reporter for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


text:
Men's health centre
Inflammation of the testicle (orchitis)
Orchitis is inflammation of one or both of a man's testicles, usually caused by an infection such as mumps or chlamydia.
Inflammation of the testicles can also be the result of epididymitis, an infection of the tube that carries semen out of the testicles. This is called epididymo-orchitis.
Orchitis causes
Both bacteria and viruses can cause orchitis.
- Bacteria that commonly cause orchitis include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus. A prostate infection may occur in conjunction with orchitis. Epididymitis (inflammation of the tube on the back of the testicle) can lead to orchitis.
- Bacteria that cause sexually transmitted infections (STI), such as gonorrhoea, chlamydia and syphilis, can cause orchitis in sexually active men. You may be at risk if you have many sexual partners, are involved in high-risk sexual behaviour, if your sexual partner has had an STI, or if you have a history of STIs.
- The virus that causes mumps can also cause orchitis. Most common in young boys (though rare in boys younger than ten years old), orchitis begins four to six days after mumps begins. Some boys will develop orchitis from mumps and end up with a condition called testicular atrophy (shrinking of the testicles). That is why it is so critical for all children, boys especially, to have vaccinations to protect them from getting mumps.
- You may be at risk of non-sexually transmitted orchitis if you have not had appropriate vaccination against mumps, if you get urinary tract infections, if you are older than 45, or if you frequently have a catheter placed into your bladder.
Orchitis symptoms
With orchitis, you may have a rapid onset of pain in one or both testicles that may spread to the groin.
- One or both of your testicles may appear tender, swollen, and red or purple.
- You might have a "heavy" feeling in the swollen testicle.
- You might see blood in your semen.
- Other symptoms include high fever, nausea, vomiting, pain with urination, or pain from straining with a bowel movement, groin pain, pain with intercourse, and simply feeling ill.
In epididymo-orchitis, the symptoms may come on and progress more gradually.
- Orchitis causes a localised area of pain and swelling in the testicle for one to several days.
- Later, infection increases to involve the whole testicle.
- Pain or burning sensation before or after urination and penile discharge may also occur.
When to seek medical care
Most cases of orchitis caused by bacteria require antibiotics. If you suspect that you have the disease, or notice redness, swelling, pain, or inflammation of the scrotum or testicle, seek medical advice. Do not delay seeking medical care.
Go to a hospital's A&E department if you are unable to contact or see your doctor, or be seen at a sexual health clinic, promptly, or if symptoms worsen despite antibiotic treatment.
WebMD Medical Reference


text:
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Rolo Haliburton bka Rolo Lamperouge
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text:
|Numéro de publication
|Type de publication
|Numéro de demande
|Date de publication
|7 aoűt 1979
|Date de dépôt
|26 oct. 1977
|Date de priorité
|9 juil. 1973
|Autre référence de publication
|Numéro de publication
|Laszlo Feuer, Lorand Farkas, Mihaly Nogradi, Borbala Vermes, Agnes Gottsegen, Andras Wolfner
|Cessionnaire d'origine
|Chinoin Gyogyszer Es Vegyeszeti Termekek Gyara Rt.
|Exporter la citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citations de brevets (3), Citations hors brevets (1), Référencé par (35), Classifications (13)
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet
This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 486,513 filed 8 July 1974, now abandoned.
This invention relates to 5-methyl-isoflavone derivatives suitable for use as or in animal feeds.
According to a feature of the present invention, there are provided new compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein
R1 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl;
R2 and R3 are each hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxy;
R4 is hydrogen or alkyl.
Similar isoflavone-derivatives unsubstituted in position 5 are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,864,362. These compounds possess useful metabolic properties.
If R1 stand for substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, the alkyl may be a straight or branched chained alkyl group, having 1-20 carbon atoms. The substituent of the alkyl group may be preferably a hydroxy or C1-16 alkoxy group (e.g. methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, hydroxyethyl, 2-methyl-propyl, 3-methyl-butyl, hexadecyl, etc.).
If R1 is an optionally substituted aralkyl group, it contains preferably 7-9 carbon atoms (e.g. benzyl, beta-phenyl-ethyl).
R2, R3 and R4 are preferably hydrogen.
Particularly preferred representatives of the compounds of the formula I are the following derivatives:
5-methyl-7-ethoxy-isoflavone; and
The process for the preparation of compounds of the formula I comprises
(A) REACTING A KETONE OF THE FORMULA II ##STR2## wherein R1, R2 and R3 have the above-stated meanings with a trialkylorthoformiate in the presence of a basic catalyst; or
(B) REACTING A KETONE OF THE FORMULA II with hydrogen cyanide and/or a cyanide salt in the presence of a hydrogen halide; or
(C) REACTING A KETONE OF THE FORMULA II with an alkyl formiate in the presence of an alkali metal; or
(d) reacting a ketone of the formula II with an alkyl-oxalyl-halide and subjecting the isoflavone ester thus obtained to saponification and/or decarboxylation; or
(e) reacting a ketone of the formula II with an organic acid anhydride; or
(f) dehydrating a 7-hydroxy-isoflavanone of the formula III ##STR3## and, if desired, alkylating or aralkylating a compound of the formula I, wherein R1 is hydrogen.
In carrying out variant (a) of the process, the preferred method is to react an appropriately substituted ketone with an orthoformic ester in an aprotic solvent of higher boiling point.
Pyridine, dimethyl formamide or diethyleneglycol dimethylether are used as solvents, while preferably piperidine, morpholine, pyrrolidine and other secondary amines serve as basic catalysts.
In carrying out variant (b), the preferred method is to react the ketones with hydrogen cyanide, in an aprotic solvent, in the presence of dry gaseous hydrochloric acid or of other hydrogen halides and Lewis acids. In this reaction, also aprotic solvents of non-basic nature, preferably diethylether or other dialkylethers, can be used. Zinc chloride or similarly acting Lewis acids may be used as catalysts. The reaction is carried out with hydrogen cyanide or with one of its appropriate salts, preferably with zinc cyanide. The mixture may be saturated with dry gaseous hydrogen chloride, and lastly, the formed substituted α-formimino-2-hydroxy-phenyl-benzyl-ketone hydrochlorides are decomposed by treatment with water.
In carrying out variant (c) of the process, ketones of the aforementioned formula II are reacted with alkyl formates in the presence of an alkali metal. A preferred method is to dissolve an appropriately substituted 2-hydroxy-phenyl-benzyl-ketone in ethyl formate, and adding the solution dropwise to powdered sodium metal, then decomposing the reaction mixture with water, and separating the formed isoflavone.
According to variant (d) of the process appropriately substituted 2-hydroxy-phenyl-benzyl-ketones are reacted with alkyl oxalyl halides. The formed 2-carbalkoxy-isoflavone derivative is converted, if desired, into an isoflavone derivative unsubstituted in position 2 by hydrolysis of the ester group followed by decarboxylation. This process is carried out preferably with methyl or ethyl oxalyl chloride in the presence of a basic acid-binding agent in an appropriate aprotic solvent (preferably pyridine or an other tertiary amine capable of binding acids).
According to variant (e) of the process, the appropriately substituted 2-hydroxy-phenyl-benzyl-ketone is reacted with organic acid anhydrides in the presence of a basic catalyst. The anhydrides of acetic, propionic or benzoic acids can be used as organic acid anhydrides. The anhydride is heated in the presence of the basic catalyst, preferably of the alkali metal salt of the acid component of the anhydride or of a tertiary amine, in the absence of solvents or in an aprotic solvent of higher boiling point such as pyridine or dimethyl formamide.
In carrying out of variant (f) of the process, 2-hydroxy-isoflavanones of the formula III are dehydrated by heating alone or in an acidic medium in a polar solvent. Compounds of the formula I, in which R1 is hydrogen may be subjected to alkylation or aralkylation to provide compounds of the formula I, wherein R1 is alkyl or aralkyl. The reaction may be carried out by methods known per se. Conventional alkylating agents (e.g. alkyl halides, such as methyl chloride, ethyl iodide, isopropyl bromide, etc. or dialkyl sulphates, e.g. diethyl sulphate) may be used. The reaction may be carried out preferably in the presence of an acid-binding agent (e.g. alkali carbonates, such as potassium carbonate). The reaction is preferably effected in an inert organic solvent, such as acetone or dimethylformamide.
The pharmaceutical compositions comprise, as the active ingredient, a compound of the formula I in admixture with suitable, inert carriers or diluents.
The compounds of the formula I are metabolic agents. Some of these compounds are of anabolic activity. These compounds increase calcium, phosphorous, potassium and nitrogen retention to a significant degree. Due to the above anabolic properties, the compounds are useful in the treatment of osteoporosis of gerontological and immobilation origin. An important advantage of these compounds over anabolic agents belonging to the sterane group is that they do not exhibit androgenic or liver damaging side effects. The decrease of the oxygen consumption of the tissues influences hypoxial or hypercapnial states advantageously in certain cardiological and pulmonological symptoms. The publication of Miklos Gabor, Naturwissenschaften No. 46,650 (1959) describes that isoflavones containing methoxy or hydroxy groups in 5,7,3' and/or 4' positions are estrogenic. The estrogenic activity of the following compounds was specifically disclosed:
Genistein: 5,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone;
daidzin: 7,4'-dihydroxyisoflavone;
biochanin: 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone;
formomonetin: 7-hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone;
pratensin: 5,7,3'-trihydroxy-4'-ethoxyisoflavone;
prunetin: 4',5-dihidroxy-7-methoxyisoflavone,
wherein the rings are numbered as follows: ##STR4##
As anabolic agents devoid of side effects, the compounds of the invention are useful in human therapy as roborating agents. They can also be applied in pediatrics.
The following compounds of the formula I are particularly active as anabolic agents:
5-methyl-7-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-isoflavone; and
The above compounds are useful as anorexigenic agents. A significant advantage of these compounds over known catabolic agents is that they do not exhibit a central stimulating effect. A further characteristic feature of these compounds is that they reduce the high blood cholesterol level and consequently may be used in the treatment of diseases, being in connection with cholesterinaemia (arterosclerosis, diabetes, etc.).
The pharmaceutical compositions comprise a compound of the formula I and inert solid or liquid carriers. The compositions may be put up in solid (e.g. tablets, capsules, pills) or liquid (e.g. solution, emulsion, suspension) form. The composition contain conventional diluents or carriers (e.g. talc, magnesium stearate, calcium carbonate, starch, water) and optionally further additives (e.g. emulsifying, suspending, wetting agents, etc.). The compositions may also contain further biologically active components (anabolic, appetite-increasing, coronary dilatory agents, vitamin, agents acting on the hear function, etc.). The daily dosage of the compounds of the formula I may vary between wide ranges and depend on the particular conditions of application. A preferred oral dosage unit may be a tablet, pill or dragee, comprising 10-100 mg. of the active ingredient. Two or three tablets may be used a day. The above data are, however, merely of illustrative, rather than restricting character.
According to a still further feature of the present invention, there are provided feed additives, comprising at least one anabolic compound of the formula I as the active ingredient.
Particularly useful anabolic feed additives are the following compounds:
5-methyl-7-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-isoflavone; and
These compounds of the formula I produce a significant weight gain increase in domestic animals as compared to that of the control. It is of importance that the surplus of weight consists of meat, rather than of fat, this is particularly useful in the fattening of pigs. The feed additives of the present invention are useful in the fattening of pigs, cattle and poultry. Thus 5-methyl-7-ethoxy-isoflavone induces a weight-gain of 9-10% on chicken during a fattening period of 5 weeks.
The following test-results show the useful anabolic properties of the compounds of the present invention.
(A) Test animals: broiler, cocks
Test period: 7 weeks.
Number of animals per group: 20
Concentration of test compounds: 2 g./100 kg fodder and 5 g./100 kg fodder.
______________________________________ Weight Amount of fodder after used for 1 kg. ofGroup 6 weeks in g. body weight (in kg.)______________________________________Control 1215 2.75Compound B (2 g./100 kg.) 1360 2.57Compound B (5 g./100 kg.) 1352 2.50______________________________________
(B) Test animals sexed cocks:
Test period: 35 days
Number of animals pro group: 30
Concentration of test compound 2 g./100 kg. fodder.
In the first week of the pre-breeding period and the first week of the test period, the animals received a starter fodder, and in the further time of the test a breeding fodder. For 5-12 days the animals were given sulfaquinoxaline as a coccidiostatic agent.
______________________________________ Weight-gain increase in %Compound related to the control______________________________________Compound A + 8.70Compound B + 6.24Compound C + 4.33Compound D + 3.70Control 0.00______________________________________
The following test compounds were used:
Compound A=5-methyl-7-methoxy-isoflavone
Compound B=5-methyl-7-ethoxy-isoflavone
Compound C=5-methyl-7-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-isoflavone
Compound D=5-methyl-7-isopropoxy-isoflavone.
The starter fodder was of the following composition: Maize 60%; soya (45%) 20%; lucerne meal 2%; fish meal (65%) 10%; yeast 3.3%; calcium phosphate 0.6%; lime 2.3%; sodium chloride 0.3%; vitamin premix I 1.0%; mineral premix I 0.5%.
The composition of the poultry breeding fodder is the following: maize 50%, wheat 14.9%; soya (45%) 12.5%; peanut 9%; lucerne meal 2.0%; fish meal (65%) 4.5%; meat meal (45%) 3.0%; calcium phosphate 1.0%; lime 1.8%; sodium chloride 0.3%; vitamin premix II 0.5%; mineral premix I 0.5%.
The vitamin premixes are of the following compositions:
______________________________________Compositions of vitamin premixes Vitamin Vitamin premix I premix II 0.5% 0.5%______________________________________A-vitamin 2,000,000 IU 1,200,000 IUD.sub.3 -vitamin 400,000 IU 300,000 IUE-vitamin 4,000 IU 2,000 IUK.sub.3 -vitamin 400 mg 400 mgB.sub.1 -vitamin 400 mg 200 mgB.sub.2 -vitamin 800 mg 700 mgB.sub.3 -vitamin 1,200 mg 2,000 mgB.sub.6 -vitamin 400 mg 500 mgB.sub.12 -vitamin 10 mg 4 mgNiacine 4,000 mg 5,000 mgCholine chloride 100,000 mg 100,000 mgEthoxy-methyl-quinoline 25,000 mg 25,000 mgBacitracin 6,000 mg 4,000 mgFurazolidone 20,000 mg --Ardinon -- 25,000 mg______________________________________
______________________________________Compositions of mineral premix I______________________________________Manganese 20,000 mgIron 2,000 mgZinc 8,000 mgCopper 400 mgIodine 150 mgEthoxy-methyl-quinoline 100 mg mixed in 100,00 g. of bran.______________________________________
The feed additives compounds of the formula I are added to the fodder preferably in an amount of 0.0001-0.1%. A preferred active ingredient content is 0.5-5 g./100 kg. fodder, particularly 2 g./100 kg. fodder. The active ingredient content of the fodder may be, however, higher or lower, than the above values.
The compounds of the formula I may be mixed with further additives. Substances with biological activity, such as vitamins, amino acids, choline chloride, salts of mineral acids, trace elements and other known substances of biological importance are suitable. The feed additive can be applied in premixes, in admixture with other components possessing biological effect. As further additives various diluents, solvents, sliding and molding substances and carriers may be used. The feed additive can be mixed to the feed as a powder, granulate, powder mixture, emulsion or suspension. It is also possible to use the feed composition in mixtures added to the drinking water of the animals.
Further details of our invention are to be found in the examples, without limiting the scope of our invention to the examples.
A mixture of 25 g. of 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-phenyl-benzyl-ketone, 5 ml. of morpholine, 25 ml. of triethyl-orthoformiate and 100 ml. of dimethylformamide is refluxed under a fractionating column. The alcohol formed is distilled off. After the distillation of alcohol has ceased, the reaction mixture is heated to boiling for a further period of 30 minutes. The mixture is diluted with water, the precipitated product is filtered off and recrystallized from glacial acetic acid. The melting point of the 7-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoflavone thus obtained amounts to 241°-242° C.
25 g. of 2,4-dihydroxy-phenyl-benzyl-ketone are dissolved in 500 ml. of ether, 20 g. of zinc-cyanide are added and the solution is saturated with gaseous hydrogen chloride. After standing for 8 hours, the solvent is removed by decanting and the precipitated product is heated to boiling with water for an hour. The precipitated product is filtered off and recrystallized from glacial acetic acid. The 5-methyl-7-hydroxy-isoflavone thus obtained is identical with the product of Example 1.
A mixture of 13 g. of 5-methyl-7-hydroxy-isoflavone, 75 ml. of dried acetone, 13 g. of anhydrous potassium carbonate and 10.5 ml. of diethylsulphate is refluxed under stirring for 4 hours. Three quarters of the acetone is distilled off and to the residue water is added. The fluocculent product is filtered off recrystallized from methanol. The melting point of the 5-methyl-7ethoxy-isoflavone thus obtained amounts to 112°-114° C. The product froms colorless crystals.
The 5-methyl-7-methoxy-isoflavone is obtained in an analogous manner. Mp.: 117°-119° C.
13 g. of 5-methyl-7-hydroxy-isoflavone are dissolved in 70 ml. of dimethylformamide, whereupon 26 g. of powdered potassium carbonate and 20 ml. of isopropyl bromide are added and the reaction mixture is stirred at 80° C. for 6 hours. The mixture is cooled, poured into water, the precipitated crude product is filtered off and crystallized from methanol. The melting point of the 5-methyl-7-isopropoxy-isoflavone amounts to 94°-96° C. The product forms colorless needles.
In an analogous manner the following compound is prepared:
5-methyl-7-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-isoflavone, mp.: 135°-139° C.
1 g. of 5-methyl-7-ethoxy-isoflavone and a solution of 1 g. of sodium hydroxide in 20 ml. of 50% aqueous ethanol is heated to boiling for 2 hours. The reaction mixture is cooled, diluted with 20 ml. of water and neutralized with phosphonic acid. In the form of colorless crystals melting at 53.5° C., 2-hydroxy-4-ethoxy-phenyl-benzyl-ketone is obtained.
In an analogous manner the following compounds are prepared:
2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl-benzyl-ketone, mp.: 90° C.;
2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-phenyl-benzyl-ketone, mp.: 117°-119° C.;
2-hydroxy-4-isopropoxy-phenyl-benzyl-ketone, mp.: 58.5°-59.5° C.;
2-hydroxy-4-(2-methyl-propoxy)-phenyl-benzyl-ketone, mp.: 57°-59° C.;
2-hydroxy-4-(3-methyl-butoxy)-phenyl-benzyl-ketone, mp.: 60°-61.5° C.
Formulation of poultry raising feed:
______________________________________Maize 40.0 kg.Feed wheat 20.0 kg.Bran 6.0 kg.Extracted Soyabeans 13.0 kg.Extracted groundnut 11.5 kg.Powdered alfalfa 1.4 kg.Extracted sunflower seed 4.0 kg.Potassium-phosphorus composite (Foszkal) 0.5 kg.Feed lime 2.3 kg.Feed sodium chloride 0.3 kg.Vitamin premix 2 0.5 kg.Mineral Premix II 0.5 kg.Total: 100.0 kg.______________________________________
+2 g. of 5-methyl-7-isopropoxy-isoflavone/100 kg. of feed.
A fodder of the following compositions is prepared for pigs:
______________________________________Bran 22.0 kg.Extracted soyabeans 15.0 kg.Extracted groundnut 6.0 kg.Powdered linseed 14.0 kg.Powdered alfalfa 4.0 kg.Powdered milk 15.0 kg.Fish meal 10.0 kg.Yeast 2.0 kg.Feed lime 6.0 kg.Feed sodium chloride 1.5 kg.Vitamin premix 3.0 kg.Mineral premix 1.5 kg.Total: 100.0 kg.______________________________________
+2 g. of 5-methyl-7-isopropoxy-isoflavone/100 kg. of feed.
As active ingredient other anabolic compounds of the formula I may be used too.
A tablet suitable for oral administration to humans in the dosage indicated is pressed from the following composition:
______________________________________Active ingredient of the formula I 0.100 g.Potato starch 0.084 g.Magnesium stearate 0.010 g.Polyvinylpyrrolidine 0.006 g.Total: 0.200 g.______________________________________
The tablets are stable at a temperature of 40°-55° C. and desintegration time is 6-8 minutes.
A tablet may be pressed from the following composition:
______________________________________Active ingredient of the formula I 0.1 g.Avicel (Encompress) 0.1 g.Total: 0.2 g.______________________________________
______________________________________Comparative test reportTest animals: one week old cocks of 110 g. in four groups con-taining 20 animals each______________________________________Duration of the Average weights (g)treatment (weeks) group 1 group 2 group 3______________________________________3 weeks 440 443 4464 weeks 610 634 5805 weeks 842 867 7426 weeks 1013 1097 9037 weeks 1310 1360 1232______________________________________Feedstuff per one kg.of live weight 2.63 2.57 2.83______________________________________For group 2 g. of 7-isopropoxy-isoflavone/q added 1: to feedstuffFor group 2 g. of 5-methyl-7-isopropoxy-isoflavone/ 2: q added to feedstuffFor group 1 g. bacitracine/q added to feedstuff 3:______________________________________ Saving in feedstuff related to 1 kg. of Increase in weight live weight______________________________________7-isopropoxy-iso-flavone 6.3% 8%5-methyl-7-iso-propoxy-isoflavone 10.3% 9.2%______________________________________
The active compound was incorporated into poultry feed in a concentration of 2 g./100 kg. The test was carried out on broiler chickens which were fed with the feed from an age of 2 days of an age of 5 weeks. In each group 15 chickens were used.
The following test compounds were used:
Compound A=5-methyl-7-methoxy-isoflavone,
Compound B=5-methyl-7-ethoxy-isoflavone,
Compound C=7-isopropoxy-isoflavone.
(i.) The test results are summarized in the following table:
______________________________________Test Compound Weight increase in %______________________________________ (A) 8 (B) 8 (C) 4.5______________________________________
The above results have a significance of p 0.01.
(ii.) The test was carried out as described in (i.) except that the animal groups consisted of 100 broiler chickens. The results are summarized in the following table:
______________________________________Compound Weight in %______________________________________(B) 10(C) 4.8______________________________________
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text:
Mirirai Nsingo
THE only known patient to have been cured of HIV, Timothy Ray Brown from Germany who was expected at the on-going International Conference of AIDS and STIs in Africa did not show up.
Known as the Berlin Patient, Timothy was expected to give a testimony about how he was cured.
People living with HIV were looking forward to his visit hence the no show shattered their dreams.
Icasa co-ordinator, Luc Armand Bodes said the much hyped Berlin Patient had constraints that stopped his visit.
"We had planned to have the Berlin Patient at the conference but he just informed us that he was having constraints that stopped him from coming. We were really looking forward to him visiting but it was just unfortunate," he said.
African football legend Samuel Eto'o who was also expected at the meet did not show up.
"Even Eto'o could not make it," he added.
Timothy had been living with HIV for 12 years before becoming the first known person in the world to be cured after a stem cell transplant in 2007.
According to Science Daily, Timothy recounts his many years of illness, series of difficult decisions and long road to recovery.
The Berlin Patient was expected to bring inspiration to the millions of Zimbabweans living with HIV and a delegate who spoke on condition of anonymity said it was disappointing that he didn't come.
"So many people living with HIV were expecting to meet him and hear his testimony. It is unfortunate that people were not told on time that he was no longer coming and kept guessing that they would meet him during any of the sessions," said the delegate.
In his commentary, Timothy tells of his bold experiment of using stem cell donor who was naturally resistant to HIV infection to treat the myeloid leukaemia which was diagnosed 10 years after he became HIV positive.
The Science Daily highlights how the stem cell donor had a specific genetic mutation that can protect a person against HIV infection with the virus not being able to enter its target, the CD4 cells. After the stem cell transplant, Brown was able to stop all antiretroviral treatment and the HIV has not returned.


text:
RIYADH, Saudi Arabia -- Hours before a visit by the American secretary of state, four explosions rocked the Saudi capital late Monday, including car bomb attacks at compounds housing Americans and other Westerners. There were dozens of injuries, a hospital official said.
The string of blasts occurred in quick succession, the last coming early Tuesday outside the headquarters of a joint U.S.-Saudi owned company.
"We dont know how many are injured, but we received 50 and the number is growing," an official at the National Guard Hospital in Riyadh told The Associated Press by telephone, without identifying himself. "We're very busy, we are receiving a lot of casualties."
Three Western residential compounds were attacked, an American who lives in one of the targeted areas told the AP in an e-mail exchange from Riyadh. There was extensive damage to property, he said on condition of anonymity, adding that he believed there had been some deaths.
A U.S. official traveling with Secretary of State Colin Powell said they had been told that there were no American casualties in the explosions.
Powell, who is currently in neighboring Jordan, will go to Saudi Arabia on Tuesday as scheduled, said the official, speaking on condition of anonymity. He is seeking the Saudis' help in harnessing militant groups and in promoting Palestinian reform in the latest stop on a Mideast tour that has already taken him to Israel, the West Bank and Egypt.
Initial U.S. suspicion for the attacks centered on the al-Qaida terror network, a U.S. counterterrorism official in Washington said on condition of anonymity. Intelligence from the past two weeks indicated the terrorist organization Qaida was close to launching a strike in Saudi Arabia, the official said. The State Department had advised Americans earlier his month against travel to Saudi Arabia because of increased terrorism concerns.
Saudi officials have recently announced that it foiled planned al-Qaida attacks in the oil-rich kingdom, which is the birthplace of Osama bin Laden.
A Saudi security official told The Associated Press that a black Chevrolet Caprice sedan crashed into a residential compound in Garnata, an eastern suburb in Riyadh. The officials said the explosion caused a number of injuries.
The names of the other two Western compounds attacked were not immediately known.
Witnesses told the AP that the force of the blast in Garnata shook nearby buildings and rattled windows. Witnesses also reported hearing gunfire moments before the car exploded.
Smoke lingered over the compound as police cars and ambulances rushed in. Hundreds of anti-riot police and members of the elite National Guard converged on the scene, evacuating compound residents and sealing off the area. The compound is owned by Riyadh's deputy governor Abdullah al-Blaidh and includes several residential complexes housing mainly Westerners and non-Saudis.
The fourth blast went off at the headquarters of the Saudi Maintenance Company, also known as Siyanco, early Tuesday morning.
The company is a joint-owned venture between Frank E. Basil, Inc., of Washington, and local Saudi partners, the officials reported.
Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld announced last week that most of the 5,000 U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia would leave by the end of the summer. The presence of U.S. troops has been a major irritant to the kingdom's rulers, who face strong anti-American sentiment from the population.
The American military presence in Saudi Arabia, birthplace of Islam, was also among the reasons used by bin Laden as his rallying call for Muslims to attack U.S. interests worldwide. The kingdom was home to 15 of the 19 Sept. 11, 2001 attack hijackers.
Last week, a senior Saudi security official said suspected terrorists were receiving orders directly from bin Laden and were planning attacks in Saudi Arabia targeting the royal family as well as American and British interests.
The official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said the prime targets were the defense minister, Prince Sultan, and his brother, the interior minister, Prince Nayef.
On Wednesday, authorities said they foiled plans by at least 19 suspected terrorists to carry out strikes and seized a large cache of weapons and explosives in the capital.
All escaped after a gunfight with police.
In remarks published Thursday, Prince Nayef said the men could be linked to bin Laden's al-Qaida terrorist network, which now was "weak and almost nonexistent."
Nayef said the men included 17 Saudis, an Iraqi holding Kuwaiti and Canadian citizenship, and a Yemeni. "These men have only one goal in mind: Jihad (holy war) ... They have been brainwashed," he said.
Their names and pictures were shown on state-run Saudi television Wednesday, and a reward of more than $50,000 has been offered to anyone turning in any of the suspects.
The confiscated weapons included hand grenades, five suitcases of explosives, rifles and ammunition, as well as computers, communications equipment and cash, officials said.
News of the plot came a week after an American civilian working for the Saudi Royal Navy was attacked and slightly injured in eastern Saudi Arabia.
In 1996, a truck bombing killed 19 Americans at the Khobar Towers barracks in Dhahran. In 1995, a car bomb exploded at a U.S.-run military training facility in Riyadh. Seven people died, including five American advisers to the Saudi National Guard. The Islamic Movement for Change and two smaller groups in the region claimed responsibility.
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text:
CHICAGO, March 29 (UPI) -- A Chicago startup says it's seeking crowdsource funding for its GPS-based theft tracker for bicycles that can alert friends if a cyclist gets in crash.
Three Man Rocket says it hopes to bring BikeSpike to market by funding it through a Kickstarter campaign.
Three Man Rocket has raised about $41,000 of the $150,000 goal to launch the product, RedEye reported Friday.
If a bike equipped with BikeSpike is tampered with, the company said, text and email notifications would be sent to the user's phone and the bike can be tracked on a map, with updates about every 30 seconds.
"Why on earth are all these bikes getting stolen when there's technology in our pockets right now that, assembled in the right order, can at least make a dent in the recovery rates?" asked Clay Neigher, one of the company's founders, said.
In addition to being an anti-theft device, BikeSpike will contain an accelerometer collecting data like speed, road conditions and location.
If BikeSpike detects a sudden slowdown or impact, it can send location and accident data to a user's contact list to let them know the cyclist may have been involved in an accident, the company said.
"This is far more than just a recovery device. This has way more potential," project developer Josh Billions said. "It can improve the city that you live in."


text:
The 32-year-old defensive lineman is in his ninth season with the Lions. Prior to being drafted by B.C. in 2000, Johnson played for the Ohio State University Buckeyes.
24 hours: College football season is starting, are you looking forward to it?
Brent Johnson, #97: I wouldn't say it's marked down on my calendar, but I'm definitely excited for the season.
24: How do you think the Buckeyes will do?
#97: I think they're gonna do good, they should be up at the top, at least top five. We got a young quarterback, Terrelle Pryor, he should be the real deal, but we'll see if he is this year.
24: You're on pace for career total in tackles, are you keeping track?
#97: I keep track of wins and losses. At this point in my career, for me, it's about getting wins, and getting them no matter what you're asked to do out there and getting it done. I don't follow my own stats too much.
24: But it's still something positive to focus on right?
#97: Well, you don't necessarily want your defensive ends to be making a lot of tackles. In the grand scheme of things, you want your linebackers to have a bunch of tackles, your [defensive backs] to have a bunch of interceptions, and your D-line to have pressures and sacks, but hey, if it helps us win, then that's what I'll do.
24: The team just had a bye week, what did you do?
#97: Went to Vegas for a few days, just me and my wife, relaxed, sat out around the pool, didn't do much and just try to forget a little bit about the Winnipeg game.
24: Any gambling?
#97: Yeah, lost a hundred bucks. (laughs)


text:
chandra thiagarajan
Adieu To Telegrams - Poem by chandra thiagarajan
Became a technology in senility
Of an era bygone
It has out- lived its utility
And had to go this morn.
The staccato of the Morse code
And the clatter of the teleprinter
Echoed off from this country's mode
To send instant messages, sweet and bitter.
The facility of the telegram slid
From 163 years ago starting
On the 15th of July 2013, it bid
Good bye, with the great service ending!
Now the age of mobile phone
Makes way to send SMSs and e-mail
The age of telegrams is flown
Now Skype and Tango we avail!
Comments about Adieu To Telegrams by chandra thiagarajan
Geetha Jayakumar (7/24/2013 9:36:00 AM)
David Wood (7/17/2013 12:43:00 PM)
I still love writing letters and some of the people I email it would be quicker to write to! A lovely poem. (Report) Reply
Shahzia Batool (7/17/2013 3:19:00 AM)
... but the excitement which was associated with letters, and the fear attached with telegrams is missing now...
(telegrams in my experience never brought any good news)
the language of telegrams used to be fascinating for the terseness...
i still remember Hemingway's telegram in The sun also rises: arriving sud express tomorrow, love, jack
good poem! ! ! (Report) Reply
Valsa George (7/16/2013 9:18:00 AM)
A dirge for the dead telegraph! Every death leaves a trail of sad memories, but pave way to the new is the decree of Nature! So let us welcome the inevitable! A timely write! Excellent! ! (Report) Reply
Dinesh Nair (7/16/2013 8:28:00 AM)
Thanks for this write..
Yesterday someone telegraphed to the NEW DELHI Head telegraph office the following message.
Dear telegraph, hearty condolences on your death. May your memory remain in the annals of our postal history. (Report) Reply
Tirupathi Chandrupatla (7/15/2013 2:07:00 PM)
Old order changeth, yielding place to new a quote from Tennyson always holds. You gave a modern example through a neat poem. Thank you. (Report) Reply
Read this poem in other languages
This poem has not been translated into any other language yet.
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chandra thiagarajan's Other Poems
Famous Poems
Phenomenal Woman
Maya Angelou
Still I Rise
Maya Angelou
The Road Not Taken
Robert Frost
If You Forget Me
Pablo Neruda
Langston Hughes
Annabel Lee
Edgar Allan Poe
Caged Bird
Maya Angelou
Rudyard Kipling
Stopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening
Robert Frost
I Do Not Love You Except Because I Love You
Pablo Neruda


text:
The first words we hear are narration: "Before time began, there was The Cube." You know you're in for a treat when a movie starts like that. This Cube wound up on Earth, and two races of mechanical, shape-shifting beings -- the good Autobots and the bad Decepticons -- have come to our planet in search of it. The Decepticons want it for power and will gladly kill any humans who get in the way, while the Autobots, who won't harm humans under any circumstances, want to destroy it.
The aliens take the form of our mechanical devices -- cars, trucks, helicopters, and portable stereos (yeah, that seemed weird to me, too) -- but can also change (or "transform," if you will) into awesome-looking robots that can shoot lasers and stuff. One of the Autobots, disguised as a beat-up Camaro, gets himself onto a used-car lot, where he's purchased. I don't know how the transaction took place, given that the car just showed up out of nowhere and the lot owner wouldn't have a title for it, but there you go.
The proud owner of the Camaro is Sam Witwicky (Shia LaBeouf), a slightly spacey high-schooler whose dad has helped him buy his first car. Turns out the Camaro, whose Autobot name is Bumblebee, chose Sam on purpose, because Sam is in possession of a family heirloom that may hold the key to discovering where The Cube is.
The Decepticons suspect this too, having learned a lot by stealing top-secret U.S. government documents detailing artifacts found on an old Arctic expedition. The Decepticons want Sam; the Autobots want to protect Sam but use his knowledge. Sam is suddenly very popular, including with a hot chick from his class, Mikaela (Megan Fox), who is on hand for the sole purpose of giving Shia LaBeouf someone to kiss at the end of the movie.
Meanwhile, a group of U.S. soldiers are attacked by a Decepticon in the desert. The onscreen title tells us where this takes place: "QATAR," followed by the explanatory "THE MIDDLE EAST," because we're idiots who don't know where Qatar is. Familiar names like Josh Duhamel and Tyrese Gibson play the soldiers, but don't get too attached. Most of them simply disappear once the movie doesn't need them anymore.
Back in the States, a room full of nerds is ordered by Defense Secretary Keller (Jon Voight) to figure out how these mechanical terrorists are hacking into the government's system. One of them, an apparently Australian blonde named Maggie (Rachael Taylor), declares with breathless certainty, "There's only one hacker in the world who can crack this code!" Good thing she happens to know him! And that he happens to live nearby! Whew! He's played by Anthony Anderson, and the two of them wind up involved in the military's efforts to stop the killer robots, with Anderson providing additional support in the form of wisecracks.
Part of the problem with all this is that the battle is really between the Autobots and the Decepticons, with Earth (well, Los Angeles, mostly) as the battleground. Introducing a third side, i.e., the military, just complicates things. Does the Army know that the Autobots are good guys? Can they tell them apart? Can WE tell them apart, lacking any prior knowledge of what distinguishes an Autobot from a Decepticon? Since the Army is shooting every robot it sees, including the good guys, does that make the Army bad guys?
The Autobots are led by a semi truck named Optimus Prime (voice of Peter Cullen). There is a momentous scene halfway into the movie when all of the Autobots, the heroes of countless men who were young boys in the '80s, gather together and introduce themselves to Sam. To a certain audience, it must be like seeing Clark Kent change into Superman for the first time.
And wouldn't you know it, the movie ruins it, just whizzes it down the ol' pant leg. One of the Autobots is a black guy (I guess) named Jazz, and he talks all jivey and stuff. Then there's one who gets fussy when a dog pees on his robot foot. They all sneak over to Sam's house to wait for him while he goes inside to retrieve the important family heirloom, and these massive figures, these powerful and noble-minded alien beings, start bumbling around like a bunch of girls at a slumber party. Doh! We accidentally ruined Dad's new lawn! Whoops! We stepped on Mom's petunias! An Autobot actually utters the words, "Sorry, my bad." The jivey one says, "What up, little b****es?" Later, in an act that perfectly summarizes the movie's mindset, one of the robots uncorks his oil pan (located in his crotch area) and "urinates" all over a villainous human. Har!
Optimus Prime does fill us in on the backstory, though. The Autobots and Decepticons lived in peace back on planet Cybertron, until the Decepticons betrayed everyone. And you have to wonder, how did no one see it coming that a group of beings called "Decepticons" might behave, I don't know, deceptively?
Here on Earth, the Decepticons are mean and have names like Megatron and Bonecrusher. One of them takes the form of a police car in order to blend in ... except that where it should say "To Protect and Serve," it says "To Punish and Enslave." Hardy-har, funny joke, but you're kind of blowing your cover with that, aren't you? I wouldn't tolerate that kind of nonsense if I were Megatron. I'm just sayin'.
The film was written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman (the duo behind "The Legend of Zorro" and "Mission: Impossible III") and directed, if that is the right word, by Michael Bay. Bay has directed only six films prior to this, yet is as reviled as if he had made 50 bad ones. "Transformers" is closest in spirit to his "Armageddon," with its testosterone-fueled plot, its rag-tag assortment of disparate characters, its unnecessary tacked-on romance, and its frequently inane frat-boy humor.
Bay still loves to film the fight scenes in Confuse-O-Vision®, too, rendering incomprehensible action that might have otherwise been exciting.
I noticed, however, that even when I knew who was firing lasers at whom, I still didn't care very much. Yet the preview audience, which we knew to be full of lifelong Transformers fans, which had audibly reacted to seeing the Camaro's pristine engine in the same way they'd have reacted if they'd seen Halle Berry's breasts -- the audience that applauded every time a familiar (to them) Transformer was introduced, they went nuts at the battle scenes. It wasn't that what the robots were doing to each other was particularly spectacular -- goodness knows we've seen humanoids and mechanical creatures fight before -- but it seemed to be the sheer fact that it was THESE robots, the robots of the audience's childhood, that delighted them so.
Speaking as one who remembers the Transformers phenomenon of the mid-'80s but has no emotional connection to it, I say the movie is often laughably corny, no more thrilling than any typical action movie, and akin to "Independence Day" in its reliance on questionable science and dubious logic. I think it must be a film that succeeds only for a specific target audience: people who already love Transformers. For the rest of us, it's no bigger or better than a lot of other summer blockbusters, and quite a bit more senseless than many.


text:
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Resolving Conflicts Using Traditional Mechanisms in the Karamoja and Teso regions of Uganda
25 August 2009 | Publisher: Minority Rights Group International | Document type: Country Reports
Democratic Republic of Congo - Ituri : a need for protection, a thirst for justice
21 October 2003 | Publisher: Amnesty International | Document type: Country Reports
Uganda in Eastern DRC: Fueling Political and Ethnic Strife
1 March 2001 | Publisher: Human Rights Watch | Document type: Country Reports


text:
Critic's corner
By Matthew Gilbert Globe Staff / November 5, 2011
Text size – +
Matthew Gilbert's picks for the best TV offerings this weekend, including "Dexter,'' Sunday on Showtime; "John Sandford's Certain Prey,'' Sunday on USA; and "Saturday Night Live'' on NBC.
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text:
R.L. bids farewell to the blog with a rumination on footprints.
Happy Birthday Dr. Seuss.
A Printmaker's Bed, on sale now for more than you can afford!
Hulking Out in the Print Shop.
Martin Luther King.
Highlights from the town of Burin, Newfoundland.
Just some more items you should probably have.
Just some items you should probably have.
Click through for some views of the Open Portfolio event from this years SGCI conference.
An important review of recent developments in television advertising.
Here comes Printeresting's "Manual." Send us your ideas by this Friday, January 17!


text:
wikiHow to Mig Weld Aluminum
Two Methods:Choose Equipment and MaterialsUse Correct TechniqueCommunity Q&A
Metal inert gas (MIG) welding uses a consumable wire electrode and shielding gas, which is continuously fed through a welding gun. Aluminum requires some specific changes for welders who are accustomed to welding steel. It's a much softer metal so the feed wire must be larger. Aluminum is also a better conductor of heat, so welding aluminum requires more control over the power supply and the feed rate of the electrode.
Choose Equipment and Materials
1Select more powerful welding machines for thicker metal. A 115-volt welder can handle aluminum up to an eighth of an inch thick (3 mm) with adequate preheating, and a 230-volt machine can weld aluminum that's up to a quarter of an inch thick (6 mm). Consider a machine with an output greater than 200 amps if you will be welding aluminum daily.
2Choose the correct shielding gas. Aluminum requires a shielding gas of pure argon in contrast with steel, which typically uses a blend of argon and carbon dioxide (CO2). This should not require any new hoses, although you may need to replace regulators that were designed specifically for CO2.
3Use aluminum electrodes. Electrode thickness is especially critical with aluminum and there is an extremely narrow range to consider. Thinner wire is more difficult to feed, while thicker wire requires greater current to melt. The electrodes for welding aluminum should be .035 of an inch in diameter (less than 1 mm). One of the best choices is 4043 aluminum. A harder alloy like 5356 aluminum is easier to feed, but will require more current.
Use Correct Technique
1Feed the electrodes with an aluminum feeding kit. These kits are commercially available and will will allow you to feed softer aluminum wire with the following features:
- Larger holes on the contact tips. Aluminum expands more than steel as it's heated. This means the contact tips will need larger holes than the ones used for steel wire of the same size. However, the holes should still be small enough to provide good electrical contact.
- U-shaped drive rolls. Aluminum feeders should use drive rolls that won't shave aluminum wire. The inlet and outlet guides for these feeders shouldn't shave the softer aluminum wire. In contrast, steel feeders use V-shaped drive rolls, which are specifically designed to shave the wire.
- Non-metallic liners, which will further reduce the friction on the wire as it goes through the feeder.
2Keep the gun cable as straight as possible so the wire feeds properly. Softer wire is more prone to kinks due to feeding restrictions.
Community Q&A
What drive rolls are designed for soft welding wires?wikiHow ContributorThere have been many different designs by many different welding set makers over the years, from nylon-coated to even push-pull systems (that have a small drive motor in the gun). What's really more crucial is using the correct tip and liner: a slightly bigger tip for Alu and Plastic for the liners. Quad rollers are the best and are made to size for the Alu wire.
Do I need gas to weld with aluminum mig wire?wikiHow ContributorBasically yes. It will tack without it, but will only hold about 5 lbs. It oxidizes really fast without the gas, then you start welding the oxide, and that's just surface (hence the 5 lb limit).
Will any MIG welding machine weld aluminium?wikiHow ContributorThe settings needed to MIG weld aluminum are pretty much the same for all positions. In most cases, it will take 21 - 23 volts to get the arc to spray transfer. If welding out of position, you will want the wire feed speed fast enough to keep the weld full of metal at a fast crackle.
What do I do if my tip gets plugged whenever I try to weld aluminum?wikiHow ContributorUse a tip that has a larger hole, move the gun slightly faster, and have the gun more vertical.
How can you tell what kind of aluminum you are welding and what wire to use?
What is the procedure of aluminum welding?
What is the proper way to weld 5356 aluminum wire in mig welding?
- The most weldable aluminum alloys also tend to be the weakest alloys. Many aluminum alloys are simply not weldable.
- Use heat treatment after the weld has been made to improve the strength of heat treatable alloys.
- An aluminum weld will rarely be as strong as the base material.
- Wear clothing that completely covers your arms and legs while welding, including gloves. Flying sparks and embers are a constant hazard.
- Always wear a face plate when welding. You should never look directly at the arc, even while wearing a face plate.
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Español: soldar aluminio con gas inerte, Русский: сваривать алюминий в среде инертного газа, Italiano: Eseguire una Saldatura Mig sull'Alluminio, Português: Soldar Alumínio com MIG
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Punish and Isolate or Reform and Reintegrate?
Fri, September 25, 2009
Should society merely punish criminals, or should criminals be educated, reformed, and reintegrated? Questions of how to best structure our criminal justice systems are questions that the ancient political philosophers sought answers to, and they are questions that only become more urgent over time. In "Moral and Criminal Responsibility in Plato's Laws," published in the August issue of the American Political Science Review, Lorraine Pangle has drawn lessons from Plato for the contemporary restorative justice movement, an approach to criminal justice that prioritizes healing and reintegration. Pangle demonstrates that Plato provides a theoretical foundation for restorative justice, shows that punitive and restorative measures are not mutually exclusive, demonstrates the possibility of sustaining moral clarity while minimizing punitive harshness, and shows how shame can be put to positive use. Plato, Pangle writes, "points us to the most constructive ways both communities and individuals may take responsibility for correcting their faults."
Texas has been a leader in restorative justice programs, and restorative justice has been the focus of research at the University of Texas at Austin, such as the Bridges to Life analysis undertaken by Marilyn Armour in the School of Social Work. Going back further, Charles S. Potts was the first chair of the Department of Government at The University of Texas at Austin. In 1903, having received B.A. and M.A. degrees the previous year from the University, he was teaching economics and history in College Station and published an article in the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science that discussed retribution and reform in Texas prisons. You can read it here.
Lorraine Pangle is associate professor of government and co-director of The Thomas Jefferson Center for the Study of Core Texts and Ideas. The American Political Science Review is the discipline's flagship journal, and this is the second publication in the journal this year by Department of Government faculty – Stephen Jesse, in February, published "Spatial Voting in the 2004 Election."
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In his Sunday "Congressional Memo," "Legislative Hurdles in an Era Of Conflict, Not Compromise," reporter Carl Hulse interviewed liberal Democrat Rep. Sander Levin of Michigan, who scolded Republicans for refusing to "compromise" - that is, to vote for Democratic legislation.
Democrats lecturing Republicans is one of Hulse's favorite subjects.
It was a little-noted vote on an unremarkable bill, but it spoke volumes about the current state of Congress.
The House was considering a measure to give tax advantages to small businesses, debating the sort of imperfect but well-intentioned legislation that would have previously breezed through since it was aimed at a favored constituency of both parties and provided tangible benefits in a rocky economy. And it was paid for.
But the final vote of 247 to 170 broke almost strictly along party lines, with only five Republicans voting for the measure even though a senior Republican responsible for tax issues acknowledged that there were positive aspects to the bill. Instead, Republicans offered an alternative that would have repealed a central element of the new health care law, a proposal that had zero chance of passing but made for a good political attack.
The outcome left Representative Sander M. Levin, the Michigan Democrat who is the chairman of the Ways and Means Committee, scolding his colleagues across the aisle. "You say you agree with these provisions, but then you're going to vote no," he said as the floor fight wrapped up. "You just don't apparently want to be caught being bipartisan. It's going to blur the political message."
Hulse forwarded a presidential plea for bipartisanship, as if Obama is some impartial player above the partisan political fray:
In his weekly address on Saturday, President Obama made note of the impasse, saying he was "disappointed this week to see a dreary and familiar politics get in the way of our ability to move forward on a series of critical issues that have a direct impact on people's lives."
Addressing the unwillingness of Republicans to allow a vote on extending jobless benefits, Mr. Obama said that "if this obstruction continues, unemployed Americans will see their benefits stop.
Representative Michael N. Castle of Delaware, one of the five Republicans to back the tax plan and one of just three to vote for a small-business loan program a few days later, said the gulf between the parties had grown so wide that most Republicans simply refused to vote for any Democratic legislation.
But as Mr. Castle conceded, politics are at work as well. If Republicans were to vote for Democratic legislation, it would represent a tacit acknowledgment that some Democratic ideas merit support - not the message Republicans want to send right now. They are working hard to portray Democrats as inept and themselves as a worthy alternative.
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Transitions from Charismatic Rule: Theories of Leadership Change and Cuba's Post-Fidel Succession
For theories of political succession and charismatic authority, the almost half-century long rule of Fidel Castro presents an extraordinary test case since Fidel in July 2006 handed over power 'temporarily' to his deputy and brother Raúl. On the background of Max We-ber's work on charismatic rule, the paper analyzes the way in which the Cuban leadership has responded to the succession question and identifies four aspects in which it differs from the succession problems typically attributed to charismatic rule: Cuba's longstanding exceptionalism regarding the 'second man' behind the leader; the succession during the life-time of the leader with a sui generis modus of 'cohabitation' between the outgoing and the incoming leader; the routinization of charisma which domestically allows a bureau-cratic succession model with the Communist Party, rather than any individual, being pos-tulated as Fidel Castro's heir; and as a correlate to the latter, the ritual transmission of Fidel's charisma to a heir beyond the nation-state, Venezuela's Hugo Chávez, as the new charismatic leader to continue Fidel Castro's universal revolutionary mission.
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FAIRLAND, TEXAS. Fairland is on Farm Road 1855 six miles north of Marble Falls in Burnet County. In the early 1850s a group of families from the eastern states settled on a strip of level land between Backbone Ridge and the Slaughter range, which they called "fair land." Early settlers were the R. S. Cates family in 1852 and the Lewis Thomas family. Others included John Harvey, a surveyor, Jefferson Barton, and the Atwoods, Grahams, Slaughters, Joys, Reeds, Alexanders, B. E. Fergusons, and Chessers. In 1859 Mrs. Senia Barton Harvey deeded land for a Methodist church and a school. The settlers soon began work on a stone building but were stopped by the Civil War, when many of the men left to fight. The building was not completed until 1870. Rev. Arter Crownover, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, held the first service, and a school was begun. On July 13, 1872, the third quarterly Methodist conference for Lampasas, Bear Creek Circuit, named the house and lot Crownover Chapel. When the church was finished, the community had a picnic. An extra wooden room was subsequently added to the rock building and used for the school for many years.
In 1875 a Christian Church was built in Fairland. In 1887 a Church of Christ was built. The congregation eventually ceased to meet and in 1937 began to meet in homes. Eventually the members joined with a group in Marble Falls. The first local post office was opened in 1874 and called Backbone Valley. The post office named Fairland opened in 1890 and was discontinued in 1951, when a Marble Falls rural route served the community. In 1925 Fairland had an estimated population of 200. By 1939 the number of residents had dropped to fifty. The population was consistently estimated at fifty through the mid-1960s. The Fairland and Tobey schools were consolidated in 1937, and they joined the Marble Falls schools after 1943. The old rock church building was still maintained by the Fairland community and interested friends and used for community purposes in the late 1980s. The Fairland Cemetery located on the seven-acre plot with the building was also still in use. The earliest grave is dated 1857. Fairland was listed as a community in 1990, but without population statistics. In 2000 the population was 290.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:Darrell Debo, Burnet County History (2 vols., Burnet, Texas: Eakin, 1979).
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Jonathan Fahey
Fri, 10/01/2010
A lack of transmission lines makes wind farming an iffy crop
Jonathan Fahey
A new drilling technology is opening up vast fields of previously out-of-reach oil in the western United States. This new drilling is expected to raise U.S. production by at least 20 percent over the next five years. And within 10 years, it could help reduce oil imports by more than half.
Jeff Masten
In North Carolina, productive land is being lost to development while more people are seeking locally grown foods. Triangle Land Conservancy, a community land trust, is encouraging the use of its lands for food production by offering long-term leases to new farmers.


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Whenever you're in Miami, you can't help but feel energized and full of life, and during Art Basel the energy triples. Yesterday was my first day attending one of the biggest art shows in the world and if I'm honest, it was pretty overwhelming. Thought provoking art in every medium imaginable was before me and fashion was at its very best. The Convention Centre was where I spent the duration of the day, it's where the main Art Basel exhibit is held. Read More
Tag: miami art
Inspiration: Miami Art Deco
Our May catalog location, Miami, may be known primarily for its beaches, but one of its other appeals lies in its unique, colorful architecture. The South Beach section of Miami Beach is often referred to as the Art Deco District, home to close to 1000 historic buildings from the 1920s-40s that are a rainbow of colors and stunning examples of Art Deco architecture. Read More