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Does an employer need a reason to fire you? Is it legal to fire someone without good cause? What can you do if it happens to you?

Can You Get Fired for No Reason?

Unfortunately, getting fired without a reason can happen to just about anyone. In many cases, unless there is a contract or bargaining agreement, employees are considered covered under employment at will, which means your employer doesn't need a reason to fire you.

In fact, it might be easier for them to get rid of you for no reason at all than to specify cause, which could leave them open to accusations of discriminatory behavior. This sometimes works out in employees' favor, as some companies will term almost any separation a layoff, which often entitles workers to unemployment benefits, in order to avoid potential legal wrangling down the road.

But even if it beats the alternative – being fired without cause or a financial cushion – unemployment or severance isn't much consolation when you've been let go for no reason. Let's look at why it's so easy for employers to fire workers without giving cause.

Employment at Will

For most states in the US, employment-at-will has become a standard precedent of employment contracts in recent years. At-will employment is an employer-employee agreement in which a worker can be fired or dismissed for any reason, without warning and without explanation. Check with your state Department of Labor for regulations in your location.

Most at-will employees are informed and even required to sign waivers indicating their acknowledgment of being hired "at will." As a result, loss claims for being fired under this kind of agreement typically get denied by the court.

Similarly, this type of employment also means that an employee has the right to leave his or her job without any reason or warning, although it is more polite and socially acceptable to give at least two weeks' notice.

While it might seem unfair to be expected to give your employer two weeks' notice, when they can pretty much terminate you at will, without notice – and often will, to prevent retaliation from workers who are on their way out, but still holding down a desk – remember that the reason for giving notice is actually a selfish one. You want to build a network of former colleagues who think well of you and would give you a recommendation without reservation. Giving notice helps ensure that this will be the case.

Employment Agreements

Some employees are covered by an employment agreement or employment contract, which typically outline terms of employment. These contracts may also detail the circumstances and terms under which an employee can be fired.

Other employees are covered by union or association agreements known as collective bargaining agreements. These agreements typically also detail when and how an employee can be fired.

Wrongful Termination

An employee can be wrongfully terminated if discrimination is involved in the termination, if public policy is violated, or if company policy states guidelines for termination and then the company fails to follow those guidelines.

What can you do if you've been fired? Here's how to handle getting fired including your rights, legal issues, unemployment, and job search and interviewing issues when you have a termination on your employment record.

Related: Top 10 Things Not to Do (or Say) If You're Fired

Read More: How to Handle Being Fired | How to Answer Interview Questions About Getting Fired | Collecting Unemployment if You're Fired


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16 Comments
i just can say awesome!!! i like the illustration and as just said it makes me feel good too!
HAY gÜEY!!!!!!
I voted for you!
I voted for you!
... so not fair.. catering to my pre-disposition to appreciate this tee… definately has a good vibe, i like it alot! && i voted also-
heh, cool. voted.
BenjaminPhantom Artist from Florida, United States
Pretty funny. The van reminds me of the van from Scooby-Doo. Haha! Peace, man. +1
Hahaha very funny t-shirt. looks really good +1
I like Hippie Style design~
I dislike it. =/
Good Luck!
Designs_Maker Artist
Coooooool !!!!!!!!!! +1 :)
Chingon! chingon!
i like the design hence ill vote… but i think the placement could be improved..
never the less its still cool.. +1 :)
muy buen diseño bro!.. se parece a mi papá! ajaja en su epoca claro!. +1
cool illo +1
nice style +1

subset: commoncrawl


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Adopt your very own lobster for yourself or a friend for just £3.00. You get to name your lobster, you will receive a personalised certificate and we will publish on our website where and when your lobster was released. We've got a range of packages to suit every occasion, even your wedding! Just click on a link below.
£15.00 for an Adoption, visitor centre annual pass, regular updates by e-newsletter and choose from 4 gift options.
My son adopted 'Phineas' the lobster in October 2014. We now know he was released in Mevagissey on the first of February. We also watched the dive release video clip. It has been a real honour to be part of your program and will definitely be participating again. Thank you for the opportunity. Melissa Millin 28th April 2015


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Global Tax Alert (News from Americas Tax Center) | 11 February 2014
Costa Rican Tax Authorities expected to issue a resolution requiring registered companies to disclose shareholder names
It is expected that the Costa Rican Tax Authorities will issue a resolution requiring companies registered with the local mercantile registry to submit an annual information return identifying their shareholders' names, including their ID or corporate ID number, as the case may be.
The resolution is currently in draft form and is expected to be issued shortly.
Based on the draft resolution, the first information return would have to be submitted between 20 February 2014 and 28 February 2014. Failure to comply with this filing obligation would subject noncompliant companies to a fine of up to 2% of their gross income1 for the tax year preceding the infraction.
A Tax Alert will announce when the resolution is published in the Official Gazette.
1. The fine would be capped at 100 base salaries, i.e., approximately US$75,000.
For additional information with respect to this Alert, please contact the following:
Ernst & Young, S.A., San José, Costa Rica
- •Rafael Sayagues
+506 2208 9880
- •Alexandre Barbellion
+506 2208 9800


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|21st March 2013, 01:24 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Mar 2013
Location: Lynden, WA USA
Computing output impedance (Cordell's book)
I am going through bob Cordell's book, and I seem to be missing something.
In chapter 2 when discussing early effect, it is explained that ro=(VA+Vce)/Ic. Later explains that when emitter degeneration is used, Rout=ro*degeneration factor. Using these formulas, when I do the math for his common emitter stage example (figure 2.5b), I get the correct results that match those in the book.
Here is where the trouble starts. Later in the chapter when current sources are discussed, my output impedance results are way off from the book's.
Here is an example:
In figure 2.10c, a 5mA current source is biased with a green LED running at .5mA. The load is 5k, and the emitter resistor is 214 ohms. The positive rail is 50v and the negative rail is at ground. The resulting voltages are 25v at the collector, and 1.08v across the emitter resistor. Bob seems to be giving output impedance results that ignore the load, and my math comes out wrong either way.
Here is how I am doing it.
As stated in the book, I am using a VA of 100 for a 2n5551. Vce is ~24v. Ic is 5mA. (100+24)/.005 = 24,800.
Ro = 24,800
re' = 26/5
re' = 5.2
emitter resistor + re' = 5.2 + 214 which is 219.2
degeneration factor = 219.2/5.2 = 42.1
Rout= ro*degeneration factor = 24,800*42.1
Rout =~1 meg
The book says the Rout for this current source should only be 750k. This is actually closer to my answer than I got with most of the other sources, and it seems that the the higher the stated output resistance of the example, the more off my calculations are. I'm always way too high with my answer.
I suspect my problem has something to do with the finite transconductance of the transistor, but I have no clue how to incorporate that into my figures.
Any help?
|21st March 2013, 04:16 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jun 2011
I agree with your calculation.
It says that he obtains the output impedances by spice simulation.
It also says that the output impedance cannot exceed ro*hfe. That would give hfe=30, which is the minimum value given in the datasheet for Ic=50mA, Vce=5V.
In a CE amplifier the output impedance of the device is of little significance, we're primarily concerned with the output impedance of the stage, which is dominated by (generally taken to be equal to) the resistance in the collector circuit.
The output impedance of a current source/sink, however, is its effective figure of merit, so we pay more attention to it. If spice simulation is his chosen route to obtaining the figures, then that would seem a good reason to use the same method. I notice that in practice CCSs are commonly measured to determine their effective output impedance.
I did find a section of a learned article that said that the output impedance of a CE amplifier is to some extent related to the driving source impedance, perhaps the spice model takes this into account. IEEE Xplore - Output resistance of the common-emitter amplifier
You could always ask him the question directly (send him a PM), I'd be interested to know the answer.
Last edited by counter culture; 21st March 2013 at 04:19 AM.
|23rd April 2013, 11:49 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Sep 2006
I'm sorry I'm so slow in getting back to you on this one. Your calculations are basically correct. All of the current source output impedances were arrived at through SPICE simulations, and those impedances do not include the effect of the 5k load resistors typically shown. I should have been more clear, especially in regard to these not being calculated current source output impedances. Its actually quite good that your calculations got so close to the simulated value in 2.10c.
The theory presented earlier in the chapter for these sorts of calculations is more to give insight into the influences of the different circuit arrangements on the output impedance. In fact, output impedance and its relationship to, for example, Early Effect (and the SPICE parameter VA that establishes it) is rather inexact. Many transistor models have fairly low absolute accuracy in modeling Early Effect, and the output impedance is much more a function of transistor operating current and voltage than the simple estimates shown in the book.
I'll try to make this all more clear in the Second Edition.
|24th April 2013, 01:01 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Mar 2013
Location: Lynden, WA USA
Thanks for the info.
So should I use the method that I stepped through in my initial post? Would my results be more trustworthy than the sim results? The one I posted was the one I got closest to the impedance stated in the book. My results were usually significantly higher in the case of some of the more advanced current sources.
Also, I believe it was with the feedback pair current source that you mentioned that the source would work with even less current in the "feedback" transistor, but that it would result in a lower quality current source.
Could you possibly explain why that is?
|24th April 2013, 11:28 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jul 2004
Location: Scottish Borders
you can breadboard your CCS and then measure the DC impedance over a range of loads.
Sim should then be able to tell you how the AC impedance will vary with respect to that measured DC as a starting value.
regards Andrew T.
Last edited by AndrewT; 24th April 2013 at 11:34 AM.
|24th April 2013, 12:26 PM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Sep 2006
I would generally trust the SPICE simulation for estimating current source output impedance over a paper-pencil approach, since the latter necessarily involves numerous simplifications.
The 2-transistor feedback current source can work with less current flowing in the feedback transistor, but one generally does not want the base current required by the current source transistor to come significantly into play. Thus, I like to have the current in the feedback transistor be perhaps 10 times the demanded base current of the current source transistor. Also, running the feedback transistor at lower current increases its input-referred voltage noise, resulting in a noisier current source.
|25th April 2013, 02:04 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Mar 2013
Location: Lynden, WA USA
how does the base current "come in to play" exactly? Is it a matter where the base current available is dangerously close to being not enough to create the desired current in the source? I.E., say you have a beta of 100 and want a 10mA source. Are you basicaly making the point that you don't want the base current to be to close to the 1uA needed to get that 10mA, especially since beta isn't assured to even be 100?
would the way to test the impedance be to add a resistor to ground and create a voltage divider, measuring the result?
|25th April 2013, 11:34 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Sep 2006
Yes, one certainly does not want the current available to become dangerously small. If you want to be really safe, current available should be 5X to 10X the base current.
Note that a 10mA source with beta of 100 requires 100uA of base current, not 1uA. So 5X the 100uA required nominal base current is a supply current of 0.5mA.
I usually measure output impedance by injecting a small signal current into the node and looking at the signal voltage produced.
|25th April 2013, 02:12 PM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Mar 2013
Location: Lynden, WA USA
thanks. yeah, I meant 100uA.
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At its height, the Ottoman empire (ca. 1299–1922) spread from Anatolia and the Caucasus across North Africa and into Syria, Arabia, and Iraq. Its size rivaled that of the great Abbasid empire (750–1258), and it united many disparate parts of the Islamic world.
Sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Ottoman conquests allowed them control of many ports and sole access to the Black Sea, from which even Russian vessels were excluded, and trade among the provinces increased greatly. As the largest city in western Asia or Europe, Istanbul was the natural center of this commerce. Cairo became the main entrepôt for Yemeni coffee and Indian fabric and spices, and was itself a producer of rugs. Businessmen in Aleppo and Bursa sold silk to Ottoman, Venetian, French, and English merchants, and North African woven furnishings were popular throughout the region. Damascus was an important stop along the pilgrimage route to Mecca and Medina, supplying caravans on their way to those cities and goods to their residents.
The armature of the empire was instrumental in spreading the central Ottoman aesthetic to many new regions. On the level of imperial patronage, artistic production and design were carefully controlled by various official institutions. The Imperial Corps of Court Architects, founded in the 1520s, was responsible for preparing designs, procuring materials, and maintaining construction books for all buildings sponsored by the Ottoman family and their high officials. The nakkaşhane, or royal scriptorium, designed the patterns for carpets, tiles, metalwork, and textiles produced in imperial-funded workshops. Governors posted from Istanbul were also important in maintaining a certain level of stylistic homogeneity, as attested by architecture in the neighborhood around the Cairene port of Bulaq, developed under Ottoman patronage, and paintings from late sixteenth-century Baghdad, then under the governorship of Mehmed III's chief artist Hasan.
The Ottoman presence was in many ways limited to the major urban centers, however, and local culture was sustained among the different ethnic communities of the empire, such as the Christians of the Balkans and Armenia and the powerful Jewish and Greek merchants of Istanbul. In the provincial cities, coffeehouses and the homes of aristocratic families became the new centers of cultural exchange, replacing official institutions of learning and religion.
Local traditions in the arts continued to emerge even in official projects. Although the essential ground plan of the spacious, domed Ottoman mosque transferred from Istanbul, local interpretations of the plans sent from the capital affected the appearance of the facade or the proportions of the architectural elements. Eastern Mediterranean striped masonry appears at the Süleymaniye Mosque Complex in Damascus (1554–55) and barrel vaults, rather than semi-domes, surround the main dome of the Mosque of the Fisherman in Algiers (1660–61).
Eventually, the strain of administering such vast domains proved the downfall of the Ottomans. Although the sultans continued to rule in Turkey until 1922, battles to maintain borders against the Habsburgs in the West and the Safavids in the East eventually cost the Ottomans their European and Arabian provinces. In the nineteenth century, French forces occupied the Maghrib, and Greece won its independence in 1830. Treaties at the end of World War I officially dismantled the remnants of the empire.
Sardar, Marika. "The Greater Ottoman Empire, 1600–1800." In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/grot/hd_grot.htm (October 2003)
Çiçek, Kemal, ed. The Great Ottoman–Turkish Civilisation. 4 vols. Ankara: Yeni Türkiye, 2000.
Daly, M. W., ed. Cambridge History of Egypt. 2 vols. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Esposito, John, ed. The Oxford History of Islam. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Kiel, Machiel. Art and Society in Bulgaria of the Turkish Period. Maastricht: Van Gorcum, 1985.
Milstein, Rachel. Miniature Painting in Ottoman Baghdad. Costa Mesa, Calif.: Mazda, 1990.
Scarce, Jennifer M., ed. Islam in the Balkans: Persian Art and Culture of the 18th and 19th Centuries. Edinburgh: Royal Scottish Museum, 1979.
Spring, Christopher, and Julie Hudson. North African Textiles. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1995.
Ekhtiar, Maryam, and Marika Sardar. "Modern and Contemporary Art in Iran." (October 2004)
Ekhtiar, Maryam, and Marika Sardar. "Nineteenth-Century Iran: Art and the Advent of Modernity." (October 2004)
Ekhtiar, Maryam, and Marika Sardar. "Nineteenth-Century Iran: Continuity and Revivalism." (October 2004)
Sardar, Marika. "The Art of the Mughals after 1600." (October 2003)
Sardar, Marika. "The Art of the Ottomans after 1600." (October 2003)
Sardar, Marika. "Art and Nationalism in Twentieth-Century Turkey." (October 2004)
Sardar, Marika. "The Arts of the Book in the Islamic World, 1600–1800." (October 2003)
Sardar, Marika. "The Arts of Iran, 1600–1800." (October 2003)
Sardar, Marika. "Astronomy and Astrology in the Medieval Islamic World." (August 2011)
Sardar, Marika. "Carpets from the Islamic World, 1600–1800." (October 2003)
Sardar, Marika. "Company Painting in Nineteenth-Century India." (October 2004)
Sardar, Marika. "Europe and the Islamic World, 1600–1800." (October 2004)
Sardar, Marika. "Indian Textiles: Trade and Production." (October 2003)
Sardar, Marika. "Islamic Art of the Deccan." (October 2003)
Sardar, Marika. "The Later Ottomans and the Impact of Europe." (October 2004)
Sardar, Marika. "The Metropolitan Museum's Excavations at Nishapur." (originally published October 2001, last revised July 2011)
Sardar, Marika. "Nineteenth-Century Court Arts in India." (October 2004)
Sardar, Marika. "Shah 'Abbas and the Arts of Isfahan." (October 2003)


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OXFORDSHIRE'S Twickenham dream was well and truly crushed by a 52-12 semi-final defeat to holders Surrey at Grove.
The hosts needed to be on top of their game to stand any chance of competing against the favourites, but found themselves 26-0 down after 20 minutes.
Surrey's pace and power, plus their set-piece domination, made for a formidable combination and Oxon were often living off scraps.
Trailing 40-7 at half-time, Oxfordshire played better in the second period, but the damage had been done.
Surrey, whose squad included 14 players from National 3 London champions Dorking, spent the opening ten minutes inside Oxon's half and it was no surprise when the opening try came.
Some dominant scrummaging saw referee Claire Hodnett award a penalty try as Oxon illegally halted a pushover effort.
Fly half Neil Hallett converted and the former Esher man showed superb handling skills to scoop up a loose ball and score try No 2 three minutes later.
Hallett converted this and the third try on 16 minutes, a slick counter attack finished on the right by No 8 Ian White.
Oxon were reeling and shipped another score as Cyprus international wing Fidias Efthymiou ran a great line off full back Matt Betty to touch down.
The hosts brought on scrum half Joe Chilvers, who had an instant impact, dummying his way through for their opening try after a powerful carry from prop Pete Boulton.
Fly half Zac Norris converted, but the Surrey tries kept coming.
Hallett's flat pass gave wing James Faatuata an easy finish on the left, then the same player benefitted from a lucky bounce for his second as Betty's high hick deceived the home defence.
Hallett converted both and Surrey deserved their 40-7 lead.
Oxon had the wind behind them in the second half and came out with real purpose.
Wing Guy Nicholl, improvised well to dive over a pile of bodies and score their second try on 42 minutes.
Replacement Harry Carr almost got away on the right wing, but just put a foot in touch.
Although Surrey responded, the home defence impressed – and that was despite having hooker Steve Dixey sin-binned.
It took a piece of individual skill from Efthymiou, who jinked his way through from a standing start, to score Surrey's seventh try.
Nicholl contributed much to Oxon's defensive effort, but his yellow card on 70 minutes triggered more Surrey pressure.
Replacement Harry Watts supported well to bag their eighth try, with centre Matt Noble converting to wrap up the scoring.
Oxfordshire: Day, G Nicholl, Clarke, Bellinger, J Mills, Norris, E Phillips, Eckert (capt), Dixey, Boulton, Brown, Purchase, C Chilvers, Wells, Gratwohl. Reps (all used: Walsh, Haire, J Chilvers, Carr, Clipsham, Spencer, Monks.
Referee: C Hodnett (Newark).
Oxon man-of-the-match: G Nicholl.
Latest Sport news
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Tagged: add to cart, mobile, replete
The mobile version of the site (when the layout is set to 'Responsive') does not allow me to "add to cart'. The website is http://www.snoloha.com. Maybe I'm missing a simple configuration in the setup? Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Rod Call
Hi Rod,
Try adding the following CSS to your Quick CSS (located under the Styling Tab in the theme options) or the custom.css file in the css folder of your theme files:
@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {
.single_variation_wrap { margin-left: 0px; }
That should bring it back into line on the smaller mobile layouts.
THANKS, Devin! Worked perfectly!
Glad we could help :)
Let us know if you have any other questions or issues.
The topic 'Mobile Add to Cart – Replete' is closed to new replies.


text:
Debating Life´s Boundaries
Lynn Rothschild: I'm going to try to get a discussion going on what is "life as we know it." Can we put any boundaries around this? We've had suggestions all the way from lunar rovers and the sun to different solvents, to even the idea that we don't know enough biology to even pose the question, "What is life?" So who would like to take the first stab at that?
Neville Woolf: I'm going to go back to Schrödinger and say that life has to involve at least one process whereby the free energy of the environment is used to harvest more free energy and that automatically creates certain things that we have associated with life. And those things are that life reaches an ecological limit, and that because of that ecological limit, anything else that comes along is liable to latch onto life to try and find sustenance from it either as a symbiotic form or as a predator.
|Steve Benner, speaking at the Great Alien Debate during the Astrobiology Science Conference.
These kinds of things therefore are absolutely fundamental to the basic thing that Schrödinger brought up, the thermodynamics, and it's after that that we have our disagreements as to which ways that thermodynamics can be accepted as part of life.
Steve Benner: I'm going to join Carol Cleland and talk about the futility of making definitions. But I don't quite agree with her in one respect. Because I think that definitions and the attempt to make them are useful because they tell you something about the people who are attempting to make the definitions.
When you say you believe that carbon is essential for life, and when you believe that this rules out silicon as being essential to life, then you tend to come up with the argument that, because silicon is an order of magnitude lower in concentration in the galaxy than carbon, silicon life is not possible. In point of fact, I happen to believe that molybdenum is essential for life, and molybdenum is much more scarce than either silicon or carbon. Boron might also be essential to life, and that is still less abundant. So I happen to think that that's not a good argument against silicon life.
But because we're familiar with carbon life, we would tend to define life as requiring carbon. So definitions are useful, not because they understand or deliver information about the underlying concept, but because they help us understand ourselves.
Pam Conrad: Well, when you get the piece of paper that says you're a scientist and you sign up to use the scientific method, you have to agree to use measurable parameters. And so if you can't define the thing that you're measuring so that you can parameterize it, it's no longer a measurement, and thus it's not science. So the problem here is, while I agree with you that definitions are problematic, it's even more problematic to do science without some kind of measurement, because it's not science and they take away the piece of paper.
|Carol Cleland
So one approach that we might be able to agree on is that some things you can know by the scientific method, and some things we may not be able know by the scientific method. So if we can at least inventory those parameters that we can agree upon and get a starting point, at least we can decide on an experiment that we could pursue, even if it's a thought experiment in the context of this discussion.
Carol Cleland: We just increased our degree of disagreement, particularly about the scientific method. I'm going to try not to launch into discussion of the scientific method, which is extremely problematic. There's a mythology about the scientific method having to do with falsificationism and inductivism, and all of it is logically deeply flawed and historically inaccurate. But I won't go there.
I do want to say something with regard to the idea that you must define 'life' in order to run an experiment. I just think that's not true. People like Steve Benner have been running experiments and engaging in a lot of interesting theoretical thought about the possibility of designing nucleic acids with different nucleotide bases, so I don't think we need a definition to run experiments. In fact, I think a definition is going to act as a blinker. It could actually guide you along lines that make it impossible to recognize strange forms of life if in fact you encounter them. So I think that is self-defeating.
|Pascale Ehrenfreund
Pascale Ehrenfreund: When I teach my students the basic principles of life — including self-support, reproduction and interaction with the environment — they always say that, well, computers can do similar things now and certainly in the future.
Everybody has his own basic principles for life. But I think there are some certain rules of chemistry which one should obey. Carbon is just an incredible element which can form three dimensional structures, and there is no other element which can do this. Actually, that's not completely true — I read in a paper which Dirk Schulz-Makuch gave me yesterday that silanes can form some kind of large aggregates. But still, that happens only under certain conditions. I think that our carbon-based life is very powerful. The carbon abundance in space argues that this is probably also possible in other environments. I think we should rely on that argument.
Pam Conrad: I think there are two ways you could look at what life is in terms of whether we can agree or not agree. One way is to look at life by what it is, what it's made out of, what we think its properties are. Another way we can look at life is by what it does, by its function. And the problem with looking at life as a function or as some processes, is that once you define life as some stuff that happens through time, you've got to come up with a sampling rate and all sorts of definitions of the length of experiment, and then we're back to defining things again.
|Pam Conrad
But I do think that it is possible to come to some level of consensus with regard to certain characteristics of life. The problem is that we don't agree in toto on all of the characteristics, whether we're talking about life in terms of how we might detect it, or life in terms of how we might make it.
Steve Benner: I agree, but the question that I think we, as well as the public, finds most interesting is whether we have a chance of encountering, in a trek to the stars, life forms that behave like we do, where the fundamental chemistry is based on a polymer of silicon, for example, or living in a solvent other than water.
If you go to the astrobiology web page on silicon life, you'll find it to be a fountain of misinformation. They tell you, for example, that there are no chiral silicon compounds. Of course there are chiral silicon compounds. There are chains of silicon up to 30 or 35 –- they are very interesting; they are studied by chemists. These compounds carry nitrogen, they carry sulfur. In fact, carbon-based life is not really carbon-based life either, it's carbon-scaffolded life, with the oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus playing absolutely critical roles.
Now, the argument is going to be more subtle. Maybe silicon is not as easy to generate in prebiotic conditions as carbon-based life. I think that's probably a true statement. Obviously the affinity of silicon for oxygen is going to be a problem when you try to assemble silicon-based life.
|Neville Woolf
But ultimately, we want to know whether you could conceive of life like what we know on Earth, something that is indisputably life, based on something that's quite unusual, at least not carbon at its core, although almost all silicon compounds contain carbon as well, and water not at its core. I think that's the ultimate question for the weird life people.
Neville Woolf: (holds up his laptop computer) It depends on what kind of life you're asking for if you want silicon life. The question is whether you insist that life has to be a chemical phenomenon, or whether you're willing to allow that other physical processes could indeed form life.
I think we can see from the vacuum cleaner that goes around on its own and sweeps where it needs to, that indeed it is possible to have many of these behaviors that we consider to be associated with chemical life also in other principles. And in fact, following the Linnaean system, I'd like to suggest that there's a higher level than Peter Ward suggested, and that it depends on the principles on which the life is built, therefore they should be called "Principalities."
Related Web Pages
Read Part I of this debate: "Launching the Alien Debates"
Part II: "The Dialectic Game"
Part III: "What is Life?"
Part IV: "The Basic Rules of the Universe"
Part VI: "Strange and Alien Forms"
Part VII: "How Can We Find Alien Life?"


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I've only known about it since mid December 2011, but didn't start using it until later in January 2012. I can't say how I found out about it, but I know my first was Linux Mint 12. :cool:
Now I'm using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS with Cinnamon :lol:
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I've only known about it since mid December 2011, but didn't start using it until later in January 2012. I can't say how I found out about it, but I know my first was Linux Mint 12. :cool:
Now I'm using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS with Cinnamon :lol:
Back in Sept 1992, I download 5.24 inch floppy images with set names such as "A", "C", "X", etc. The kernel was at version 0.98 at that time. I was doing Unix software development at the time started in 1976 and in 1992 started doing in Linux as well (by 1998 we were releasing Linux version as well as many Unices).
I have not used Microsoft Windows on any computer that I have owned.
You might like to look at the history of Linux distribution image at GNU/Linux Distribution Timeline
I actually heard of UNIX first, on Sun workstations for GIS training in ERDAS Imagine software, back in 2000. Vi editor and GUI customizations along with 3-D GIS fly-by capabilities made me aware of underlying OS. I wanted to learn it. Boss said, "No." Therefore, after burn-out, I vowed not using Windows ever again, but ended up setting up others' computers with W2K for awhile when asked. I had done it so much I knew which registry hacks to get performance and IP connectivity.
The Sun/Oracle thing made me look at Linux instead. Thank you Linus T and RMS!
A Broken Laptop Hard Drive actually told me in a round about way.
I was bidding a 2001 Harley Sportster on Ebay back then. I wanted that scooter bad. I was in the process of installing kbxxxxxx whatever in Windows 2000 Pro when the hardrive made a clunk and the laptop died.
Previously I had been rading up on live cds and I figured. I need to get that bike. So I went to
Distribution Release: Puppy Linux 1.0.9 (DistroWatch.com News)
at my local library after going to the dollar store and buying me some blank cds. I explained on what I wanted to do to the local librarian. We are a small town so she said go for it.
You see, that library was on dialup then and speeds were a lot slower then for me. I had to have access to the auction from my house to be sure I was in the bidding at the end.
I still have that bike today. The computer I still have also. It is a Panasonic Cf-48 with another used hardrive in it and it multiboots Linux and Windows. It used to be my main tuner for motorcycles.
Now I got a shiny new one to do just that but I leave the panasonic in a bag though it is p4 with 1.2 gig of ram. The LCD cable needs replacing from the inverter to the back of the screen.
I have not looked back since because that live cd saved my bacon.
Well I heard inklings from all over but when I really actually found out was joining xda developers and getting hooked on android which meant I found out android was based on Linux and now am here
"No one lives in the slums because they want to. It's like this train. It can't run anywhere except where its rails take it."- Cloud[FFvii]"[/Center]
Someone in my local computer club heard of it and asked a chap from the London LUG to give us a talk. He left us a disc with Debian Sarge on it and we tried to install it on the club computer but without much success.
All the same, we all felt it was something we ought to investigate further and, as I was familiar with using the command line on mainframes, I got "volunteered". This time it was Red Hat 6, which proved easier to install. And I've never looked back.
I neede to make a presentation and didn't have Powerpoint - and couldn't afford, or have time to buy it - so loooked around for a free alternative. I came across OpenOffice.org and installed it (downloaded on dial up - it took all day). While looking for it I came across some mentions of Linux. It was about the time that Ubuntu 6.06, Dapper Drake came out and a while later I picked up a magazine with the distro on a CD, installed it and have never looked back.


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According to a report issued this week by Citizens for Tax Justice (CJT) and the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy (ITEP), many of the nations largest companies are paying little or no federal income taxes. The study examined federal income taxes paid by 275 of the country's largest, most profitable companies and found that the overall effective tax rate on these companies between 2001 and 2003 was 18.4 percent, nearly half the statutory 35 percent rate.
Nearly a third of the companies paid zero taxes or received a rebate in at least one year between 2001 and 2003. For example, Maryland-base Marriott reported earnings of $383 million in 2003, yet received a federal tax rebate of $38 million, for an effective corporate income tax rate of -10 percent.
"With significant help from Congress, corporations appear to be finding their way around the tax reforms adopted in 1986," said ITEP Director Robert S. McIntyre. "We hope that our findings will encourage lawmakers to reexamine this important area of taxation."
According to the report, the reason for this trend in part is due to a major expansion in corporate tax breaks in 2002 and 2003, along with continued failure by Congress and the White House to curb abusive corporate offshore tax sheltering, corporate tax avoidance has skyrocketed.
For example:
- Eighty-two of the 275 companies, almost a third of the total, paid zero or less in federal income taxes in at least one year from 2001 to 2003. Many of them enjoyed multiple no-tax years. In the years they paid no income tax, these companies reported $102 billion in pretax U.S. profits. But instead of paying $35.6 billion in income taxes as the statutory 35 percent corporate tax rate seems to require, these companies generated so many excess tax breaks that they received outright tax rebate checks from the U.S. Treasury, totaling $12.6 billion. These companies' ânegative tax ratesâ meant that they made more after taxes than before taxes in those no-tax years.
- Twenty-eight corporations enjoyed negative federal income tax rates over the entire 2001-03 period. These companies, whose pretax U.S. profits totaled $44.9 billion over the three years, included, among others: Pepco Holdings (â59.6% tax rate), Prudential Financial (â46.2%), ITT Industries (â22.3%), Boeing (â18.8%), Unisys (â16.0%), Fluor (â9.2%) and CSX (â7.5%), the company previously headed by our current Secretary of the Treasury.
- In 2003 alone, 46 companies paid zero or less in federal income taxes. These 46 companies, almost one out of six of the companies in the study, reported U.S. pretax profits in 2003 of $42.6 billion, yet received tax rebates totaling $5.4 billion. In 2002, almost as many companies, 42, paid no tax, reporting $43.5 billion in pretax profits, but $4.9 billion in tax rebates. From 2001 to 2003, the number of no-tax companies jumped from 33 to 46, an increase of 40 percent.
- After 2001, the average effective rate for all 275 companies dropped by a fifth, from 21.4 percent in 2001 to 17.2 percent in 2002 and 2003, less than half the statutory 35 percent corporate tax rate that corporations ostensibly are supposed to pay.
Legislation adopted in 2002 and 2003 vastly increased corporate write-offs for âaccelerated depreciationâ and made it easier for corporations to use their excess tax subsidies to generate tax-rebate checks from the U.S. Treasury, at a three-year cost of $175 billion. Backers of those so-called âincentivesâ said they would encourage new corporate investments in plant and equipment. But the study finds that they failed to do so:
- The 25 companies in the study who reported the largest tax savings from accelerated depreciation â garnering two-thirds of the total depreciation benefits for all 275 companies over the three years â cut their total property, plant and equipment investments by 27 percent from 2001 to 2003.
- In contrast, the remaining 250 companies reduced their investments by only 8 percent. Overall, the 275 companies in the study reported that their capital investments fell by 15 percent from 2001 to 2003.
- Likewise, the 25 companies in the survey with the largest total tax breaks from all sources over the three years (getting half of the total tax breaks for all 275 companies) cut their capital investments from 2001 to 2003 by 22 percent. In contrast, the remaining 250 companies in the survey reduced their investments by 13 percent.
The five industries whose companies got the largest average benefits, on a per-company basis, from accelerated depreciation over the 2001-03 period received 61 percent of the total depreciation benefits.
- From 2001 to 2003, these five industries â telecommunications, petroleum and pipelines, transportation, gas and electric utilities, and electronics and electric equipment â reduced their capital investments by 22 percent. In contrast, the remaining 15 industries reduced their investments by only 9 percent.
âWe do not mean to imply in our report that corporate tax breaks actively discourage capital investments,â McIntyre said. âBut the evidence shows, as it has so often in the past, that business investment decisions are primarily driven by supply and demand, not by government attempts to micro-manage the economy. The $175 billion in revenues lost to the tax subsidies enacted in 2002 and 2003 appears to have been exceedingly poorly spent.â
A copy of the full 68-page report can be found at www.ctj.org or www.itepnet.org.
Source: Citizens for Tax Justice and the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy


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How many "glitches" will it take for the administration to realize this law is not ready for prime time?
Another day, another delay. But that does not deter President Obama and administration officials from insisting that implementation of the health care law is on track. Today, just minutes after the president boasted that "we're only five days away from finishing the job," Politico reported, "The Obama administration is delaying another piece of Obamacare – this time postponing online enrollment in some of the small-business exchanges scheduled to open Oct. 1."
Just last week, when asked the yes-or-no question: "Will the enrollment process be ready October 1 of this year?" Center for Consumer Information and Insurance Oversight Director Gary Cohen replied, "Consumers will be able to go online; they will be able to get a determination of what tax subsidies they are eligible for; they will be able to look at the plans that are available where they live; they will be able to see the premium net of subsidy that they would have to pay; and they will be able to choose a plan and get enrolled in coverage, beginning October 1."
Not so. Just yesterday, the Washington Post revealed that the Washington, D.C., exchange announced it "will not be ready on Tuesday because of 'a high error rate' discovered during recent testing… 'Why do they keep saying everything's fine when things aren't fine?' said Robert Laszewski, an insurance industry consultant tracking the progress of the exchanges."
Add these delays to the administration's July 4th holiday delay of the employer mandate and income verification system, and it is painfully clear that this law is not ready for prime time. And the administration knows it. But rather than come clean with the American public, the president resorts to attacks, mocking those concerned with the law's negative effects like its looming rate shock as "crazy." Trying to protect families like the Mangiones in Kentucky, who just found out their current coverage is going to triple in cost because of the law is not crazy, it's the right thing to do. As the president attacks, the rest of America is left to wonder: what's next?


text:
Java - Linked Lists - inserting node into specific position
I'm learning about linked lists right now. I found an example for java that places a new node into the 3rd position on a linked list, but I've only ever seen insertion into a certain spot in the middle of a list like this done using 2 additional nodes, current and previous. I've never seen anything like .getNext after another one like this. So I need someone to explain what each part of this snippet of code does and please rewrite this code using nodes current and previous so I can understand how it relates and compares. Elem is the name given to the node being inserted and you don't have to instantiate current and previous in the rewrite. I can just assume it's already done. Please let me know if more information is needed to answer!
elem.setNext( first.getNext().getNext());
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text:
Earn credits at MSM while seeing the World!
Manhattan School of Music offers a foreign exchange program for current students to study abroad at any of our ten partner schools. Studying and traveling abroad is an irreplaceable experience in your education that prepares you to perform and engage as a global citizen.
Foreign Exchange allows students to study abroad at MSM's partner institutions while earning credits and paying tuition at MSM. Students on exchange switch places with students at the partner institution as per agreement between MSM and the partner institution.
Name: Kalyn Jang
Instrument: French horn
Year Abroad: Junior year, Fall 2011
Exchange Institution: Royal College of Music
# of Semesters Abroad: One
Why did you choose to study abroad?
I thought of it as an opportunity to expand my musical knowledge. I was also curious to see how music education was approached outside of the US. I had planned to study abroad when I first started college, so when I heard the news, I was instantly excited. It was just a question of where I should go.
Why did you choose the institution you chose?
I chose Royal College of Music because of my perception of its prestige compared to the other exchange programs offered. I'm not sure if I was correct, but I had a great experience there. I was interested in living in London, and that the UK is an English-speaking country was a plus. I remember it was a tough decision between the conservatory at Amsterdam and at Sydney, Australia. I did a fair amount of online research about the schools before making my decision.
What is a unique learning experience you encountered abroad that you wouldn't have had at MSM?
Student tickets to concerts are much, much cheaper in the UK, which caused me to attend more concerts than I would have in New York. I took historical instrument lessons (natural horn), which were not offered at MSM. One thing that I noticed, that did not affect me directly, was that young musicians are recruited directly out of conservatories into major orchestras. For example, the top-ranking string players at RCM were placed on the substitute list at the London Symphony Orchestra. I found that the musical culture in the UK placed more trust in young musicians than in New York.
Kalyn's Exchange Tumblr: London Concerts
How was it finding friends and interacting with the student life at your institution? How was it to not speak the mother tongue of the country?
I ended up being friends with exchange students from Boston University, because they were new to the school and interested in doing fun activities. Student life at RCM was very active, and a student council planned a lot of cool activities. Students were willing to put effort into throwing school-sponsored parties.
What would you tell/advise MSM students interested in the Foreign Exchange Program?
If I were to repeat it, I would travel more. I took the school part of it very seriously, and I may have missed out on some fun opportunities. Anyone with an adventurous spirit should consider studying abroad. If an MSM student wants to email me about Royal College of Music, I'd be happy to answer questions! firstname.lastname@example.com .
Name: Lucia Carolina Perez
Instrument: Voice, Mezzo-soprano
Year Abroad: junior year, 2013-2014
Exchange Institution: Hochschule für Musik und Darstellende Kunst Stuttgart
Number of Semesters Abroad: 2
Why did you choose to study abroad?
I decided to apply for the exchange program because I wanted to have a European experience, and because I was particularly interested in studying with one of the voice teachers At Stuttgart.
Why did you choose the institution you chose?
Besides being interested in studying with the renowned tenor Francisco Araiza, I wanted also to learn the German language and to experience the German music world. I have always been a "lied" (German song) lover, and this was the greatest opportunity for me to learn a lot about the language, style, composers, poets, etc., and experience all this music in its original places and environment.
What is a unique learning experience you encountered abroad that you wouldn't have had at MSM?
To begin with, all classes were in German, so I had to really learn the language fast. This was not easy at the beginning, but I took an intensive German course every day from 8 am to 1pm, then went to the conservatory (all classes in German), and then home where I lived with other 6 German students, so that really helped to learn the language fast. English is already my second language, so learning also German was such a big challenge of which I feel very proud of now (but at the beginning I was scared). Also working in all the German repertoire, in Germany, with all the specialized teachers was an amazing experience.
How did you find readjusting to life at MSM/how did it help you in your program?
I am very happy I went into the exchange because I learned a lot, I made lots of new friends and professional connections, but I am very happy to be back with all my friends, colleagues and teachers at MSM to have a wonderful last undergraduate year.
How was finding housing? Obtaining a work visa?
Housing was great. I lived in a Studentenwohnheim, which is a house for students and I got to know very interesting people who became my dear friends. None of them were musicians; they were mostly air-space engineers, so it was really nice to meet new people of such different environment.
What would you tell/advise MSM students interested in the Foreign Exchange Program?
I would strongly encourage people to take this opportunity. Do not be afraid of the language, culture and arriving alone in a whole new place, and take this opportunity to open your horizons as an artist and human being, and to expand your career network.
CENTRAL CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC, Beijing
Language Requirement: Working Knowledge of Chinese
General Information
Performance Spaces
Teachers – Chinese
(click on "教学院系"to see each department)
Language Requirement: Working Knowledge of Chinese
General Information
Performance Spaces
ROYAL DANISH ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Copenhagen
General Information
Performance Spaces
General Information
Language Requirement: Working Knowledge of French
General Information
Academic Calendar
Performance Spaces
* Partnership made possible in part by Erasmus+ International Credit Mobility Programme 2015/2016
Language Requirement: Must know some German
Academic Calendar
Performance Spaces
Jazz Students interested in this program should contact Justin DiCioccio prior to submitting application
General Information
Housing Information
Performance Spaces
NORWEGIAN ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Oslo
General Information
Academic Calendar
Performance Spaces
ROYAL COLLEGE OF MUSIC, London
General Information
Student Information
Academic Calendar
With proper planning, going on exchange will not slow down your progress towards graduation
Open to current sophomores applying to study abroad for the first semester or both semesters of their junior year.
Open to current first-year graduate students applying to study abroad for only the first semester of their second year.
Must be in good academic standing
NO extra cost in tuition/fees. You pay MSM and receive financial aid as usual
Housing, travel, and insurance are not included
Please note: These limitations are in place for scheduling and graduation purposes; however, exchanges are granted on a case-by-case basis and exceptions may be made. If you feel that you do not meet any of the above qualifications but are still interested in applying, please contact:
Lianna Portnoy
Foreign Exchange Coordinator
(917) 493-4034
Room 214
October 23, 2017 8:00 PM Foreign Exchange Information Session
December 16–January 7 Winter Break
January 29, 2018 MSM Foreign Exchange Application Due
February 23, 2017 Partner School Materials Due (Recording)
February 24–March 11 Spring Break
End of the Semester Results
You can pick up a 2017 MSM Foreign Exchange Application from the Office of the Provost, or print the PDF linked above. This application is due January 30, 2017 and consists of:
Once this MSM application is accepted, you will be guided through an additional process for your Partner School. This will consist of:
You may return a hard copy of the application to the Office of the Provost or email a PDF to firstname.lastname@example.com.
October 10, 6:30 PM (Pizza provided)
Will I need to renew my TOEFL if I study abroad and then return to MSM?
No, your TOEFL is submitted to MSM when you applied, and it is good throughout your degree,
Will I get actual grades from my exchange school? Will the grades be factored into my MSM GPA?
You will be evaluated in all of your courses abroad, and each course/school is different in terms of grading with numbers, letters, pass/fail, etc.
NO, your grades received abroad will not be factored into your MSM GPA. On your transcript, the semester(s) you spend abroad will show up with grades of "T" for "transfer".
Are there any visa limitations or general limitations for international students to go on exchange?
Yes, you can always go on exchange, but be sure to speak with Michael Lockhart to be sure all of your paperwork is in order.
Are there opportunities to apply for scholarships abroad to help pay for housing and other expenses abroad?
Typically not through MSM or through our partner schools, except in Stuttgart.
If the student at the partner school that I am exchanging with ends up dropping out at the last minute, will my acceptance to study at that partner school be rescinded?
Is there an official test to prove my proficiency in German for Stuttgart?
No, but some German is good.
Am I allowed to study at a partner school for just the Spring semester?
Yes if we can work that out with the partner school.
Are students in the graduate OP and CPP programs allowed to go on exchange considering the abundance of specific requirements for their programs?
If this is your case, please be in contact with Lianna Portnoy to set up an appointment with Provost Merryman.
If I am selected as an exchange student, will I be required to attend?
It is preferred that you be fully committed to attend upon submission of your Partner School specific application. However, you will not be obligated to go if you are selected.
Is it too late for me to go on exchange for the Spring 2015 semester?
It is not likely, but if this is your case, please be in contact with Lianna Portnoy to set up an appointment with Provost Merryman.
Copyright © 2014 Manhattan School of Music. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Carrie Fisher's Obituary Request Was Typically Witty and Wonderful
Today we mourn the loss of Carrie Fisher: Iconic actor, talented author, brilliant script doctor and, most of all, an incomparable force to be reckoned with. There are so many great adjectives you could use to describe Fisher: Uncompromising, unapologetic, fierce, witty, relatable, real, honest. She took all of those qualities and put them to work in her books — from memoirs to novels, Fisher had a knack for telling poignant and painful stories with wit and wisdom. Writing a worthy obituary for one of the best and boldest women on this planet or any other is surely an impossible task…so it's a good thing that the perfect obit basically already exists, and unsurprisingly, Fisher came up with it herself.


text:
What wilderness?
Little of England and Wales has escaped development in the past 1,000 years: none of the national parks is recognised by the IUCN
Sir, Neither of your correspondents (letters, Dec 4 and 7) has it quite right. There is little of England and Wales that has escaped development over the past 1,000 years. That is why none of the named five national parks or the other five designated in the 1950s is recognised as such by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
Wilderness? What wilderness?
Roger Bush
Abingdon on Thames, Oxon


text:
Results 1 to 5 of 14
June 24th, 2013 11:14 PM #1
Nathan or Nathaniel? Bennett or Benedict?
Hello Berries,
This is my very first post -- probably because I know I'm at least a year plus out from TTC.
BUT, yesterday marked the first real baby name conversation with my husband in our six years together (what took us so long, right?). And while I found myself somewhat broken hearted about his reaction to the girls names I've been envisioning for my future daughters for, I don't know, the last decade, we were much more aligned on the boys name front. This is probably because he told me nearly 6 years ago that he always wanted his father to have another "Nathan" (full name Nathan), his Grandfather's name. While I, always wanted my Mom to have another "Ben", my Grandfather's name (full name Benedict).
And so, if you could please help me to rank these combos based on your preference. Our surname is one syllable, starts with "G" and rhymes with "Dean" (enough of a hint?):
Nathaniel Bennett
Nathan Bennett
Nathaniel Benedict
Nathan Benedict
Benedict Nathaniel
Bennett Nathaniel
Thank you so much!
PS: Mourning three of my favorite girls names Susannah, Eloise and Tessa
June 24th, 2013 11:16 PM #3Senior Member
- Join Date
- Jun 2013
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- 131
June 25th, 2013 08:09 AM #5Calla Frances | Eliza Wren | Esme Clover | Liv Cordelia | Maisie Elowen | Matilda Hazel | Phoebe Kerensa | Sylvie Marigold | Thea Rosemary | Zara Emmeline
Amias Jude | Callum Jasper | Cato Benjamin | Emmett Wilder | Griffin Emrys | Lucian Mateo | Milo Sebastian | Nathaniel Winter | Quentin Rafferty | Theo Francis Wolf
June 25th, 2013 08:19 AM #7Senior Member
- Join Date
- May 2013
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- Munchkinland
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June 25th, 2013 08:27 AM #9Senior Member
- Join Date
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text:
Goal: To be the youngest pilot and first teenager to fly solo around the world, to benefit youth both within and beyond aviation, to illustrate the accessibility of the aviation industry and the means to learn to fly at a young age and to show that no matter the size of your dream it is achievable.Quote: "Not only am I trying to inspire youth to take flight, but for their dreams to take flight too, in whatever field that may be."
Current world record: Is held by Jack Wiegand (American - 21). Jack completed his circumnavigation on June 29, 2013.Team: A range of ferry pilots, airline pilots, industry professionals and family and friends led by mentor and fellow round the world pilot Ken Evers
Depart: Wollongong, NSW - Sunday June 30, 2013Scheduled return: Wollongong, NSW - Saturday September 7, 2013
Time away: 10 weeks (70 days)Distance: 24,000 nautical miles (give or take a few!)
Hours in the air: 180 (give or take a few!)Stops: 31 (see the Route)
Countries: 15 (see the Route)Continents: 4
Longest leg: 15 hoursShortest leg: 15 minutes
Charities and Causes: World Youth International's 'Dare 2 Dream' scholarship fund and Youth in Aviation
Manufacture: CirrusModel: SR22
Type: Single engine propellerSeating configuration: Four seater converted to one seater
Length: 26 feetWingspan: 38.3 feet
Height: 8.9 feetNormal weight: 1542 kg
Weight for Teen World Flight: 1927.5Engine type: Continental IO-550
Horsepower: 310Range: 14.7 hours
Normal fuel capacity: 92 GallonsFuel capacity for Teen World Flight: 250 gallons via one 160 gallon tank fitted into the cockpit behind the pilot's seat
The World Flight Aircraft! - VH OLS - 2009 Cirrus SR22
THE TECHNOLOGYNavigation: Garmin Perspective Avionics System
Communication from the air: VHF – HF for long over water conversations. Telstra Mobile Satellite phone.Communication from stops: Internet, phone
Web: www.teenworldflight.com
Facebook: Teen World FlightTwitter: @teenworldflight
Hashtags: #DestinationWollongong #TeenWorldFlight
Youtube: TeenWorldFlight


text:
Hotel Accommodation near Tibasosa
Search 12 hotels in Tibasosa
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Colombia   accommodation in Tibasosa - Hotels.com offers great last-minute Tibasosa hotels deals and discount room rates. Our hotels in Tibasosa can easily be booked online. Our fast online search facility allows you to:
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text:
Have you used this product? Tell us what you think and you could win Rob Papen RP-Verb 2.
Buy downloadOnce payment is authorised, an e-mail will be sent to you with a link to download this software.
Free Tech Support
Customer Rewards Approved
MIDI from the Rock Solid EZX
Please note: you will need EZdrummer or Superior Drummer to use this title
Taken from the Rock Solid EZX, this Toontrack MIDI pack features former Nickelback drummer Ryan Vikedal and is the perfect match for producers working on modern rock or metal tracks.
With an emphasis on mid tempo and heavy material, this pack delivers exactly what it sets out to - rock solid drums. Find the foundation to your next heavy rock song right here - this pack has the verses, choruses, bridges and fills to take your material to the next level.
Works with EZdrummer®, Superior Drummer® (optimized for 1 kick, 1 snare, 2 toms, 1 floor-tom, 2 crash cymbals, 1 ride cymbal).


text:
I have two "pitbull" pups in my life. They are as precious as my children, they are my children. I cant imagine life without them. The law already states that discrimination is illegal, why should our pets/children be any different? Be like myself for my family.....be their voice. Our pets...our children....dont understand what is at stake here. We do.
Supporters are now helping to
Campaign closed
This will help keep families together. This will protect all breeds of service dogs which are a necessity just to do day to day activities. It will prevent local municipalities from discriminating against certain breeds of dogs. It will help prevent local municipalities from wasting precious tax dollars on trying to enforce a potential law that costs more then its worth.
Inspired 19 signatures
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text: Though lacking in sex appeal, last-gen graphics tech continues to shine in U.S. video games sales, according to official NPD data released on Thursday. PS3 sales were ahead of Xbox 360 in Feb., but behind both Wii and PS2 On the hardware side, Nintendo continues to dominate both home and portable system sales, with the DS remaining the top-selling platform in America followed by Wii. The seven-year old PS2 sold an impressive 350,000 units, enough to make it the third best selling system last month and ahead of both the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in that order. Top-selling platforms were as follows: Nintendo DS - 587.6K units Nintendo Wii - 432K units PlayStation 2 - 351.8K units PlayStation 3 - 280.8K units Xbox 360 - 254.6K units PlayStation Portable - 243.1K units "I was most surprised by the PS2 hardware sales numbers this month," said NPD analyst Anita Frazier. "While it certainly has earned its spot among the now-gen slate of console systems because of it staying power in the marketplace, the fact that it realized such significant growth this month is really a testament to its broad adoption." Top selling U.S. games for Feb. 2008 (PS2 still doing good....there talk that wii would sell any!!! I guess that put the STFU on ppls mouths...) *Your Opinions on this matter*:lol:


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Legal Question in Family Law in Virginia
I got a divorce February 2012. Before that my husband and I signed and had notarized a separation agreement. However, the separation agreement was not entered as part of the final divorce degree. Now he is in arrears with his alimony and has breached other aspects of the agreement. Is there any way to have the separation agreement entered as part of the divorce degree, so that I can file for show cause?
1 Answer from Attorneys
You would seem well advised to contact the lawyer who (hopefully)represented you in your divorce, but if you had no such representation (which seems more likely the case), I would suggest that you now arrange for a consultation with a Virginia attorney who handles domestic relations matters in the Commonwealth and who should be able to further advise you in the situation described.


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title · "The Yellow Wallpaper"
author · Charlotte Perkins Gilman
type of work · Short story
genre · Gothic horror tale; character study; socio-political allegory
language · English
time and place written · 1892, California
date of first publication · May, 1892
publisher · The New England Magazine
narrator · A mentally troubled young woman, possibly named Jane
point of view · As the main character's fictional journal, the story is told in strict first-person narration, focusing exclusively on her own thoughts, feelings, and perceptions. Everything that we learn or see in the story is filtered through the narrator's shifting consciousness, and since the narrator goes insane over the course of the story, her perception of reality is often completely at odds with that of the other characters.
tone · The narrator is in a state of anxiety for much of the story, with flashes of sarcasm, anger, and desperation—a tone Gilman wants the reader to share.
tense · The story stays close to the narrator's thoughts at the moment and is thus mostly in the present tense.
setting (time) · Late nineteenth century
setting (place) · America, in a large summer home (or possibly an old asylum), primarily in one bedroom within the house.
protagonist · The narrator, a young upper-middle-class woman who is suffering from what is most likely postpartum depression and whose illness gives her insight into her (and other women's) situation in society and in marriage, even as the treatment she undergoes robs her of her sanity.
major conflict · The struggle between the narrator and her husband, who is also her doctor, over the nature and treatment of her illness leads to a conflict within the narrator's mind between her growing understanding of her own powerlessness and her desire to repress this awareness.
rising action · The narrator decides to keep a secret journal, in which she describes her forced passivity and expresses her dislike for her bedroom wallpaper, a dislike that gradually intensifies into obsession.
climax · The narrator completely identifies herself with the woman imprisoned in the wallpaper.
falling action · The narrator, now completely identified with the woman in the wallpaper,spends her time crawling on all fours around the room. Her husband discovers her and collapses in shock, and she keeps crawling, right over his fallen body.
themes · The subordination of women in marriage; the importance of self-expression; the evils of the "Resting Cure"
motifs · Irony; the journal
symbols · The wallpaper
foreshadowing · The discovery of the teeth marks on the bedstead foreshadows the narrator's own insanity and suggests the narrator is not revealing everything about her behavior; the first use of the word "creepy" foreshadows the increasing desperation of the narrator's situation and her own eventual "creeping."
I think the wallpaper represents her trying to escape her husband. She said she saw a woman trapped by bars trying to escape the wallpaper. This is symbolic of her relationship with John. As she looks further into the wallpaper, she is really examining her life and begins to change her mind and talk about how she now despises John.
33 out of 39 people found this helpful
I think it's important to realise not only that she is suffering from depression, but also the kind of depression she's really experiencing. The mention of the newborn child she is not allowed to see leads to the assumption that she is enduring postpartum depression. This adds to the sexism within the theme of the story. Her inability to meet the motherly expectations are a key factor to why she's addressed as a child.
58 out of 62 people found this helpful
I think the woman in the wallpaper is an image she is seeing of herself being trapped. People who are depressed are constantly stuck in their own minds. Sort of like being inside your own head and your eyes are just glass windows you can see out of, but cannot escape. She's seeing herself in the wallpaper trying to escape because she is also trying to escape her depression. When she is ripping off the wall paper and the woman is also ripping it from the inside, she thinks that the woman is helping her, but it's herself trying to escape.... Read more→
133 out of 136 people found this helpful
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency says two California regions plagued with the nation's worst air quality must submit plans to clean up their soot-laden air or risk losing federal highway funding.
Regional EPA Administrator Jared Blumenfeld said Monday state air quality managers haven't proven that their plans will reduce air pollution in Southern California and the San Joaquin Valley enough to meet federal standards for airborne dust, smoke and soot.
The microscopic pollution particles have been linked to premature deaths, as well as respiratory problems, heart attacks and lung cancer.
Blumenfeld says the state must send EPA plans detailing how the regions will reduce fine particulate pollution to acceptable levels. Before the EPA's proposal becomes final, it is open to public comment for 60 days.


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Steve Smith
BSc Hons Statistics, 1980, Lonsdale
What I'm doing now
I'm a Senior Marketing Director at Synopsys, the world's largest provider of Electronic Design Automation (EDA) solutions. My family and I moved to the USA in 1990 and have enjoyed the opportunities and benefits of living and working in Silicon Valley, California. My wife, Rose, and I have four children - Amy (27), Patrick (24), Katie Rose (19) and Olivia (17). We love living in Sunnyvale with short walks to downtown restaurants, pubs and railway station. We are about an hour south of San Francisco so we often take the train for a getaway weekend. In addition to work, I love to play guitar and piano, make beer and wine, and enjoy cooking.
My best Lancaster memory
The best memory is Intro Week – what a great way to meet and make new friends in a fun, social environment. I hope you still have this great tradition and enjoy it as much as we did!
What Lancaster means to me
Happy memories of growing into an adult and getting a great university education in a friendly, safe and learning environment. Lancaster's teaching faculty and administration staff were always very helpful and caring.
Why I support the Friends
Young people need all the help they can get. I remember all the help I received from family, Lancaster University staff, and fellow students. Today's students deserve to have the very best education and a great place to learn.


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The Hidden Power of Photoshop Elements 3, Pt. 2 | 2
The Hidden Power of Photoshop Elements 3, Pt. 2.
Creating a Mask for Gradients
The selections outlined in this procedure are very much specific to this image. Your selections should be made on an image-to-image basis, according to the content you want to apply effects to. Begin this procedure by using the image from the previous procedure, with the contrast adjusted and tones altered. Then follow these steps:
1. Commit the grayscale changes by merging Gradient Map 1 with the Background layer.
2. Duplicate Gradient Map 2 and change the name of the duplicate layer to Sky Gradient.
3. Click and drag the lower-right corner of the image window to reveal the image matte, as shown in Figure 2.13. You may have to zoom out from the image if you are in close to make the image smaller before attempting to view the matte.
Figure 2.13 Clicking and dragging the corner of the image window reveals the image matte.
4. Choose the Polygonal Lasso tool; then select the Anti-Aliased option and change the Feathering to 2 pixels on the options bar.
5. Click the Lasso tool to the left of and just outside the image, right at the horizon line on the image matte.
6. Move the cursor to the right of the image and click just outside the image on the image matte, right at the horizon line. This should make a selection line along the horizon.
7. Complete the selection by clicking three more times: outside the image at the bottomright corner, at the bottom-left corner, and then back at the point of origin, as shown in Figure 2.14.
8. Change the foreground color to black.
9. Choose the Paint Bucket tool. Be sure the Sky Gradient layer is active, and click the Paint Bucket tool in the selected area on the image. The mask for the Gradient Map layer will fill with black in the selected area. This masks out (hides) the gradient effect on the sea for this layer; the layer effect applies only to the sky.
10. Select the inverse of the area that is currently selected (Select . Inverse).
11. Activate the Gradient Map 2 layer by clicking it. Change the name of the layer to Sea Gradient.
12. Fill the sky area of the mask by using the Paint Bucket tool. The fill will hide the gradient effect of this layer over the sky.
This will effectively mask the sky separately from the sea by using the same gradient map with two complementary masks, allowing a 2-pixel blend where the edges of the mask meet. After the masking has been completed, making adjustments to either of the gradient maps will affect the sky and sea separately. In the image used for this example, the masking provides an opportunity to use completely different gradient maps for the sky and sea, if desired. Changes can also be subtle, like removing any residual blue from the clouds in the sky without affecting the color of the sea. Try removing the dark blue stop (at the 25 percent location) from the Sky Gradient gradient map and raise the opacity of the layer to 65 percent. As the clouds would tend to be a warmer color (red to yellow), rather than a sea blue, this change will enhance the color of the clouds and intensify it.
Figure 2.14 Click points A, B, C, and D to complete the selection.
By using masking and multiple gradient layers to apply gradients, and by working with layer modes and opacity, you can achieve complex results. Of course, this example is only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to applying color to tone. Combined with a variety of other tools you will use for enhancing and replacing color (which we will explore in later chapters), your ability to control the result is limitless.
A few points should be clear: The foundation for color application is tone. You must be able to control tone as a basis for image color. Targeting areas of changeÂwith separation, layer properties, or maskingÂcan help you confine your correction to specific areas or components of your images so you can achieve better results.
Created: March 27 2003
Revised: December 27, 2004
URL: http://webreference.com/graphics/elements3/2


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Gervinho: I'm going to Arsenal to win
Lille striker Gervinho claimed that his move to Arsenal has ''only a few details left to sort out'' and that is moving to the Gunners to win trophies.
• City move for Clichy, Nasri
• Denilson could stay
• Arsene Wenger playing waiting game
• Ahmedov linked to Arsenal
Gervinho, an Ivory Coast international, has been linked with a switch to London since winning the French league with Lille last season. And it will be a boost for Arsenal fans, who have now gone six years without silverware.
However, Arsenal's drought does not bother Gervinho, who insists the reason he is moving is to help them get back on top.
"I chose Arsenal because it's a young group within which I will be able to integrate easily," Gervinho said according to The Sun. "I could develop more over there. There's only a few details left to sort out."
Asked if it was a risk swapping first-team football at Lille for a place in a squad with more competition for places, the forward replied: "A risk? Not at all. I'm going to Arsenal to play. The best risk to take is to look to score goals and to play a lot.
"In football you have to take risks if you want to win. I'm going to Arsenal to win."
Arsenal's initial bid of £7 million had reportedly been rejected, but negotiations continue and a move is expected soon. Speaking to France Football, Gervinho also revealed he never had any doubt he would be moving to the Emirates Stadium.
"I had no hesitation. None. But in a transfer there's always a period of analysis and negotiations,'' he said. "All sides had to be satisfied so that things could develop smoothly.
"I'm going there to play, not to be on the bench. Arsenal love the game. And I love teams that love the game. The Premier League is a notch above [the rest]. It's maybe the best league in the world. I want to live that sensation."
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Brad Pitt was back on the set of The Curious Case of Benjamin Button in New Orleans yesterday. The biggest news surrounding Brad and Angelina Jolie at the moment is how strippers changed Brad's life and the Angie bashing by the New York Times.
And this recently in… In the ladies' category, Angelina Jolie took the Most Attractive Woman of 2006 title according to the three-week poll taken by HelloMagazine.com.
UPDATE :: Images replaced with Brad on the set of Benjamin Button last month.


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AUSTIN, Texas (AP) — Gov. Rick Perry has directed Texas health officials to look for funds to cover the cost of the Medicaid Women's Health Program if the federal government pulls its funding amid a fight over Planned Parenthood.
The governor sent a letter Thursday to Thomas Suehs, head of the Texas Health and Human Services Commission, directing him to work with leaders in the Legislature to identify money that can be used for the program.
Perry's office made a copy of that letter available to The Associated Press before it was released to the public.
The Obama administration is threatening to suspend federal funding for the about $40 million program since Perry says he doesn't want Planned Parent included because it provides abortions.
Federal funds currently cover 90 percent of the prorgam's costs.
(© Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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Wednesday, October 24, 2012
Why are hearing aids so expensive?
The Herald Trib ran a story about a guy with a cracked hearing aid.
This could fracture and disappear into his ear, one salesman cried!
He then whipped out a catalog—how about $1,600? Or $2,000—is that OK?
A hearing aid is a microphone and amplifier that fits in your ear. Most hearing aids cost no more than $100 to make.
After hearing about aids with channels, like a stereo, this fellow eventually went to Costco.Those channels are examples of over-engineering, according to this.
You don't need them.
If you order by mail, of course, you have to mail the aids back if they need adjustment—a fancy clinic can do that on the spot.
Costco also does that.
This guy's first experience with Costco was not great. The sound was tinny. Later, he went to a Costco in a different city, explained, and got a new one that worked perfectly.
He also brought his old, crusty, cracked aid to a specialist who fixed it for a century note.
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inviscid flow and turbulnces
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|October 27, 2005, 17:36
inviscid flow and turbulnces
Posts: n/a
Guys I posted this message on the FLuent forum but I thought it might have its place on the main forum as well.
I might be wrong, but I thought turbulence is due to little fluctuations growing exponentially (if Reynolds number is large enough) due to nature of Navier Stokes equation. So the origin of turbulence lays in the flow and the fluctuations of BC and not in the fluid properties (even if reynolds is linked to the fluid property). For me, if we take an inviscid fluid, viscosity is close to 0 and the Reynolds number is very large (tends toward infinity). Hence the Reynolds number is big enough to enable the tiny fluctuations to grow exponentially and cause vorticity and come up with a turbulent flow. So my question is why Fluent overlooks the fact that inviscid flow should be turbulent? My assumption is that the inertial forces are so large (due to high velocity) that any eddies are negligible compared to what the bulk flow is. But I am really not sure of it. Can someone confirm or bring up another idea or tell me that I am saying crap and I should better open a fluid mechanic book before bothering you guys (even though I promise I did open a fluid mechanic book)
Thank you
|October 27, 2005, 18:12
Re: inviscid flow and turbulnces
Posts: n/a
I agree with your assessment on turbulence, as long you talk about flows at high Reynolds number. You need to be aware, though, that high-Re flows are not "inviscid flows". Although most of the flow field may be inviscid, a very important part of the flow (the boundary layer) is not. The behavior and equations for inviscid vs. high-Re flows are substantially different. True inviscid flow is governed by the Euler equations and cannot not satisfy the no-slip condition, as satisfied by the viscous Navier-Stokes equations (even at very large Re). In truly inviscid flow you don't have the generation of vorticity near the surface that you observe in viscous high-Re flows. The reason why I am pointing this out: You have to be clear on what you would like to discuss -- inviscid flow, or high-Reynolds-number flow. There is no truly inviscid flow in reality, and that's why I understand that you are thinking of high Reynolds numbers instead, but what is Fluent's idea of "inviscid" flow?
Now, in order to see how the modelling of turbulence would be useful in either inviscid flow or flow of high Re, you should probably think more about possible applications. For attached flow over slender bodies (e.g. airfoils), turbulence may be important for drag prediction, but you need to consider viscous flow if you want to go there. For separated flows, turbulence is also very important, but again these flows cannot be accurately described by the inviscid equations -- with or without turbulence. Maybe turbulent mixing is a process where viscosity could be neglected, but I am not sure... What other applications did you have in mind?
|October 27, 2005, 18:48
Re: inviscid flow and turbulnces
Posts: n/a
Thank you very much.
I have no application in mind. I guess I was just wondering what Fluent was having in mind when invoking the inviscid viscous model. So I understand with your answer that when the Reynolds number is very large (which can be assumed as inviscid) we can invoke the inviscid model, that this model does not take into account turbulent effect, and that it is only an approximation, and if we want to determine the drag (for instance) it is required to solve for the boundary layer (and in this case of course a turbulent model is to be chosen). But still to me it seems like solving a problem by evoking an inviscid flow (out of the boundary layer) should give bad results. It should be as bad as considering the flow laminar. However, in the literrature it seems very well accepted to invoke inviscid flow out of the oundary layer.
|October 28, 2005, 13:38
Re: inviscid flow and turbulnces
Posts: n/a
"evoking an inviscid flow (out of the boundary layer) should give bad results"
Not always. It depends on what you call "result". If you're interested in the lift of an airfoil with fully attached flow (on a cruising airplane), you will get a very good approximation by an inviscid model (saving a lot of time compared to a viscous analysis). If you talk about drag, or lift with separation, it's a different story. Sometimes inviscid flow phenomena are dominant over viscous phenomena, for example when the drag of a space shuttle is dominated by losses through shock waves, rather than viscous drag. Sometimes viscous phenomena cannot be neglected.
That's why I suggested to think about applications. Each application has its own requirements, and it's impossible to generalize over all fluid dynamics problems. Inviscid analysis does have its merits in such cases where the effect of viscosity (and turbulence) is not very significant as compared to inviscid effects. Although you can take a brute force position and say that the full Navier-Stokes equations should always be better, so why do we need anything else... the answer, of course, is all about finding the maximum computational efficiency to achieve the necessary accuracy.
|August 2, 2013, 16:48
New Member
Safwan Ullah
Join Date: Aug 2013
Posts: 4Rep Power: 6
Indeed it depends upon the application and your requirement. I am solving an aerospike nozzle flow-field and I'm solving it via inviscid model because I don't need to take turbulence into account for a flow dominated by expansion and shock waves...
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Yes, I know he's not real but the kids still believe (or do a good job of pretending).
To be honest it's not something we'd really thought about until we were looking for somewhere to go skiing at Christmas. Clever-clogs here sees Finland in the ski brochures and mentions to the wife that we could go there and include a trip to Santa for the kids. I've since written off the skiing holiday bit as, at that time of the year, very few of the pistes are open/lit. There doesn't appear to be a huge amount of skiing there anyway but if it's 50% closed I don't think I want to spend a week there.
Now fortunately we hadn't told the kids we were going to see Santa but Mrs Higs was nearly as excited as the kids themselves so I'm charged with seeing if I can find a short trip. Looking about in the 'net and it seems that many people's experience is 'cheap' or 'tacky' rather than 'special'.
~ anyone been?
~ who did you go with? recommend or avoid?


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You know, I'd swear that CBS was told at some point to wrap a tiny microphone around the neck of a hummingbird or two flying around Augusta National. How else to explain the incessant tweeting (and I don't mean the 140-character kind) that filled the soundtrack of the Masters over the past four days?
But the distracting tweeting is over now. Australian Adam Scott sank a beauty of a birdie on the second playoff hole to become the first of his countrymen to wear the green jacket.


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Old-time Providence, inside and out
The Old Court was built on the East Side in 1853 as a rectory. (Hansi Kalkofen for the Boston Globe)
PROVIDENCE - It's called the "mile of history": an architecturally magnificent street, bordered by cobblestone sidewalks and lined with handsome houses dating to Colonial days. It ascends gently to a pretty hill that overlooks the Providence River and this capital city's modern downtown.
This is Benefit Street, one of the oldest in Providence. It boasts one of the country's highest concentrations of historic architecture. And it is also home to The Old Court Bed & Breakfast, which opened in 1986, making it among the longest-lived lodging spots in the city.
Built in 1853, the three-story brick property was a rectory for a nearby Episcopal church. By the early 1900s it had morphed into a rooming house and, later, student apartments. In 1985, it was bought and gutted by its current owner, Jon Rosenblatt, who turned it into a 10-guest-room inn.
In keeping with the building's Victorian decor - 12-foot ceilings, plaster moldings, ornate marble mantlepieces - Rosenblatt furnished the house with period antiques that give it the feel of an aging boutique hotel. There are lots of brass beds and chandeliers and, in one room, a large black antique stove. Adding to the sense of buttoned-up formality, the entry hallway and staircase are outfitted with red wine-colored carpet and garish black wallpaper patterned with giant flowers. Modern it's not, although all of the rooms have private baths, televisions, telephones, and wireless Internet access.
The Old Court's best attribute is its location within walking distance of most of Providence's chief attractions. Using the inn as home base, we roamed by foot all over the city. Other than driving to the Culinary Arts Museum at Johnson & Wales University a few miles away, we didn't move our car during our weekend stay.
The Benefit Street neighborhood itself, on Providence's East Side, is great for exploring. Its close proximity to Brown means the area is populated by university types who keep their homes in tip-top condition; I spent hours walking up and down East Side streets, ogling the beautiful, often architecturally funky houses.
One drawback to the Old Court's location is that - judging from the four times we were awakened in the wee hours by rowdy passersby - Benefit Street occasionally suffers from the spillover of a late-night party scene, and it also gets a fair amount of speedy traffic. If we were to return to the Old Court, we'd request a back room that overlooks downtown in hopes of reducing noise from the road and sidewalk below.
Our extra-large corner room, the Chippendale, has a sedate, masculine feel: ivory wallpaper, hardwood floor, queen bed, two end tables, desk, and minimal knickknacks. A sofa and arm chair are beginning to show their age and aren't particularly comfortable. Windows on two sides provide plenty of natural light. The white-tiled bathroom, with full tub, is modern and roomy.
Breakfast is a nice blend of buffet offerings and home-cooked food. On both days, the big, sunny dining room was stocked with whole and sliced fresh fruit, homemade breads, cereals, juice, coffee, and daily newspapers. On one morning, we also had veggie omelets with toast or English muffins, and on the other we had French toast topped with fresh berries. Two noteworthy absences: skim milk and decaffeinated coffee.
The dining room is the inn's only common area, which means guests don't spend much time mingling. This also is not one of those places run by a chatty innkeeping couple who may try to join you for breakfast. Rosenblatt, the owner, lives in New York, so the inn has an on-site manager and small staff who are cordial and efficient.
That makes the ideal Old Court guest one with these three attributes: You prefer your privacy, don't need much pampering, and want a room in one of Providence's most famous and well-situated neighborhoods.
Sacha Pfeiffer can be reached at email@example.com.


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http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/und ... e-argumentSherab Dorje wrote:Well, you can just take your 2c back buddy. You are describing psychotherapy, not psychology. I am a qualified psychologist. In order (back in my day) to qualify as a psychologist you had to be a behavioural scientist. I have spent more time gathering and analysing statistics, learning correct data evaluation techniques, learning and applying experimental models, etc... then most of my "hard science" engineer friends.Jesse wrote:Psychology works with intangibles; experiences, emotions, thoughts, and habits, and that is exactly why it is considered a soft science.
Just my 2c.
I find it surprising that people within your own field disagree.IV. Psychology isn't falsifiable
This criticism comes from within our own field as well as from the outside: Psychologists too often publish positive findings--that is findings that support rather than contradict hypotheses. Publication of primarily positive findings suggests that psychologists are more interested in supporting their own beliefs about human experience than in finding truth about that experience. It is because of this trend that one of my colleagues suggested that our field contains more lawyers than scientists (here).
This criticism is actually a fair one in my book--psychologists are often likely to bury data that does not support their theories about the world (even famous psychologists like Stanley Milgram are guilty of this). This practice strikes me as unscientific because it renders hypotheses more difficult to falsify. However, the good news is that efforts are underway to pay more attention to negative findings (see here).


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Barack Obama and the Progressive Left have two major problems they cannot overcome in their dealings with foreign policy.
- They pretend that all leaders and all countries are morally equivalent.
- They are afraid to confront any nation because they do not want to risk military conflict.
Obama and the United Nations pretend that democracies and dictatorships are equivalent and morally equal. Genocide or building nuclear weapons to use on Israel and the United States do not reduce the standings of dictators and their countries.
Israel and the United States are, however, treated with a different standard. Most U.N. resolutions are directed against Israel. Obama insults Netanyahu, ridicules Israel and the United States, and apologizes for the exceptionalism, bravery, and generosity of the United States at every opportunity. Such is considered normal and appropriate human behavior on the Far Left.
Obama cuts our defenses, makes treaties favoring Russian and Chinese militarization, and does nothing serious to stop Iran and North Korea from building, deploying, and using nuclear weapons. Obama imagines that if he bows, apologizes, and disarms the United States, he and a weakened United States will be liked and not attacked.
Some of our countrymen have developed a collective guilt because of the freedoms we have and the prosperity these freedoms have allowed us to achieve. Many are confused because they have not been taught that these freedoms were won and preserved at enormous costs and with the great personal sacrifices of our warriors and their families.
General George S. Patton explained this problem with exceptional clarity,
"It is certain that the two World Wars in which I have participated would not have occurred had we been prepared. It is my belief that adequate preparation on our part would have prevented or materially shortened all our other wars beginning with that of 1812. Yet, after each of our wars, there has always been a great hue and cry to the effect that there will be no more wars, that disarmament is the sure road to health, happiness, and peace; and that by removing the fire department, we will remove fires. These ideas spring from wishful thinking and from the erroneous belief that wars result from logical processes. There is no logic in wars. Madmen produce them. No man can say when future madmen will reappear. I do not say that there will be no more wars; I devoutly hope that there will not, but I do say that the chances of avoiding future wars will be greatly enhanced if we are ready."
Obama is doing nothing new. The Democrats have militarily weakened the United States before, and we have paid the price in death, injury, suffering, and sorrow because we were not prepared and we were not ready. A weakened United States was attacked at Pearl Harbor and on 0/11/2001. The Far Left never learns.