text:
(Archived document, may contain errors)
September-13, 1979
On July 26, 1979, Congressmen David Obey (D-Wis.) and'Tom Railsback (R-Ill.) introduced The Campaign Contributions Reform Act of 1979, H.R. 4970, a bill to further limit the campaign contributions by non-party multi-candidate political action committees (PAC's) to candidates for election to the House of Representatives. The bill has been referred to the House Admini- stration Committee, which has jurisdiction over election matters. However, the sponsors are seeking a ruling from the Rules Commit- tee allowing the bill as a floor amendment to the Federal Election commission authorization bill scheduled for floor consideration the week of September 17-21. H.R. 4970 currently has more than one hundred co-sponsors.
H.R. 4970 is the latest in a series of proposals to effect substantive changes in the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 as amended in 1974 and 1976. It is a follow-up to H.R. 1, a bill providing for taxpayer financing of House elections, which the House Administration Committee failed to report on a 8-17 vote earlier this year. Most of the sponsors of H.R. 4970 previously sponsored H.R. 1, and H.R. 1 was only the most recent attempt to pass taxpayer financing of House elections.
During the first session (1977) of the 95th Congress, both houses of Congress turned serious attention to federal financing of congressional races. President Carter, Speaker of the House "Tip" O'Neil (D-Mass.), and Senate Majority Leader Robert Byrd (D-W.V.) all expressed support for the idea. on June 24, 1977, the Senate Rules Committee reported a bill, S. 926, providing for federal financing of Senate general elections only. A provision of the original bill providing government financing of primary elections was deleted in committee. S. 926, as reported, estab- lished a campaign spending ceiling of $250,000 plus 10 cents multiplied by each state's voting-age population. major party candidates would have automatically received 25 percent of their spending ceiling in federal funds, and in addition, would have been eligible for matching funds on all individual contributions of $100 or less up to the spending limit. Only contributions received within fourteen months of the general election would have been matchable.
The bill further provided that candidates accepting federal financing would have been limited to spending only $35,000 of their own money in their campaigns. If 'a candidate exceeded the personal or total spending limit, his rival would have been eligible for up to 62.5 percent more than the spending limit in matching funds. Third party candidates would not have been eligible for automatic grants but could have received matching funds if they raised $100,000 or 10 percent of the spending limit through individual contributions of $100 or less. Money to finance S. 926 would have come from the Presidential Election Campaign Fund. When the bill came to the floor of the Senate, Republicans and Southern Democrats initiated a filibuster which survived three cloture votes and finally succeeded in killing the bill.
In October of 1977, public financing of House elections was revived after 155 Democrat members signed a letter asking that a bill be reported. An unnumbered bill was introduced into the House Administratio'n Committee for markup on October 25. The bill provided up to $25,000 in matching public funds for major party candidates who agreed to limit general election campaign spending to $125,000 plus $25,000 for fund raising costs. Only private contributions of $100 or less would have been matched. If a candidate exceeded the limit, his rival would have been eligible for up to $50,000 more in matching funds. The bill also provided $25,000 per candidate in federal grants for a district- wide mailing to be used between July 1 and two weeks before the election. The grant counted against the spending total.
Third party and independent candidates would receive money only retroactively. To qualify for matching funds, they had to receive at least 5 percent of'the vote. Like the Senate plan, the bill was to be financed from the Presidential Election Campaign Fund. But the bill was killed when the committee voted to accept an amendment by Congressman Mendel Davis (D-S.C.) to extend federal financing to primaries as well. The amendment would have increased the cost to the government dramatically.
In 1978, during the second session of the 95th Congress, the Democrat leadership made two attempts to bring federal financing of House campaigns directly to the floor of the House. In March, the public financing proposal was attached to a controversial bill (H.R. 11315) lowering the limits on spending by parties and political action committees. By a 198-209 vote, the House refused to approve the rule that would have allowed floor consideration of the bill. Republican members voted unanimously against the rule, 0-140; Southern Democrats also voted against the rule 35-49; Northern Democrats favored the rule, 163-20.
Two major changes were made in the bill after the March defeat. The effective date was pushed back from 1978 to 1980, and the spending limits were raised from $125,000 plus $25,000 for fund raising costs to $150,000 plus $30,000 for fund raising. The rest of the bill remained the same.
On July 19, 1978, during floor consideration of the FEC fiscal 1979 appropriations bill, a motion was made to end debate. Supporters of government financing sought to defeat the motion in order to permit drafting of an alternative rule that would have allowed a House vote on the revised government financing bill. The motion carried 213-196, with the majority, therefore, voting against government financing of House elections. Republicans supported the rule 106-30; Southern Democrats 62-22; but Northern Democrats opposed the rule 45-144.
H.R. 1 limited overall expenditures by a candidate to $150,000 for a general election campaign, plus 20 percent ($30,000) for fund-raising costs, and 10 percent ($15,000) for one mailing within the district, for a total of $195,000. To this total, a candidate could contribute and/or loan $25,000 of his personal funds or those of his immediate family. In addition, a candidate could receive matching public funds up to a total of $60,000 for individual contributions of $100 or less. A bill calling for similar public financing for Senate campaigns was introduced in the Senate but was abandoned when H.R. 1 failed in the House Administration Committee.
Aside from public financing, H.R. 11315 must be regarded as the father of the current H.R. 4790. H.R. 11315 was so controver- sial that the public financing rider attached to it received little attention. The bill incorporated almost all of the provi- sions of H.R. 4970 in that it proposed cutting in half non-party PAC contributions from $10,000 to $5,000 in an election year. But, in addition, H.R. 11315 proposed severe restrictions on the contributions of party PAC's, and this was the provision that the House Republicans, whose party PAC's were better financed than those of the Democrats, objected to so stenuously. H.R. 4970 attempts to eliminate that controversy by proposing restrictions on contributions of non-party PAC's only.
The bill has three major provisions:
1) It would cut in half the amount individual non-party PAC's could contribute to individual House candidates in each two-year election cycle. Currently, a PAC may contribute $5,000 during a primary contest, $5,000 during the general-election period, and, for a runoff, an additional $5,000. Under H.R. 4970, an individu- al PAC could contribute to an individual candidate an aggregate of $5,000 with respect to a general election and a primary elec- tion relating to such general election. A PAC could contribute an additional $2,500 to a candidate involved in any run-off election. For special elections, candidates would receive the same aggregate $7,500 for the primary, general, and run-off elections relating to the special election.
2) H.R. 4970 provides that the total amount of contributions a candidate could accept from all non-party PAC's would be limited to $50,000 per general or special election and any primary relat- ing to such a general or special election. Currently, there is no limit on the amount candidates can accept from PAC's.
3) The bill would prohibit the extension of more than $1,000 credit for over 30 days "for goods or services relating to adver- tising on broadcasting stations, in newspapers or magazines, by direct-mail (including direct mail fund solicitations) or other similar types of general public political advertising."
(Referring to tables in appendix.)
Table A demonstrates that the average total contributions to candidates for the House increased more than 100 percent between the 1972 and 1978 elections - from $51,752 in 1972 to $111,232 in 1978. Yet, with a 52.9 percent price increase between 1972 and 1978 (using the implicit price deflator of the GNP calculated by the Joint Economic Committee), a candidate in 1978 had only $72,983 in 1972 dollars with which to purchase goods and services for his campaign, an increase of only 41 percent. In other words, the rate of inflation outpaced the rate of increase in campaign contributions between 1972 and 1978.
of the four sources of contributions, PAC contributions were the only source to increase substantially - almost fourfold without an inflation consideration - between 1972 and 1978. Political parties have become the weak sister in contributions to campaigns while individual contributions have remained as the .most important source of campaign contributions. Since 1974, candidates' contributions and loans to their own campaigns have increased significantly although they still are less than 10 percent of contribution sources.
The sweeping 1974 Amendments to the Federal Election Campaign Act effected all the limitations on individual, PAC, and party contributions that are still law. Table A demonstrates that the 1974 Amendments (a major provision of which limited individual contributions to $1,000) have forced candidates to rely increas- ingly on PAC contributions and their own personal resources. H.R. 4970 is directly aimed at curbing candidate reliance on PAC contributions. Table B shows that 176 (13.3 percent) of the 1,322 candidates for the House in 1978 (primary, general, and special elections) exceeded H.R. 4970's ceiling of $50,000 in total non-party PAC contributions. Seventy-nine of the candidates were Republicans and 97 were Democrats. There were 140 winners and only 36 losers. In addition, of the 176 candidates, 105 were incumbents, 32 were challengers, and 39 were candidates for an open seat. Overall, Table B shows that Democrat incumbents were the largest single group benefiting from PAC contributions. challenging an incumbent is the most difficult election task. Only 19 challengers were successful in the 1978 House elections. And Table B shows that there were only 32 challengers among the 176 candidates who received more than $50,000 in total PAC contri- butions. Yet, 14 of the 19 successful challengers in 1978 were among those 32 candidates.
There were 58 open seats in the 1978 House elections. Five of those open seats were won by candidates running unopposed. Thus, there were 106 major candidates (for 53 seats) running for open seats. Table B shows that 39 of those candidates (38%) relied on total PAC contributions exceeding $50,000.
Thus, it can be seen that although incumbents were the largest group of candidates receiving more than $50,000 in total PAC contributions, successful challengers and open seat candidates were heavily dependent on total PAC contributions exceeding $50,000. Table C demonstrates that the average total PAC contri- butions to the three types of candidates increased significantly from 1976 to 1978. With challengers still the weakest group, the 1978 elections show that PAC's of all kinds put more money, on the average, into open seat races than in races involving incum- bents.
H.R. 4970 provides for a $5,000 limit in contributions by an individual PAC to an individual candidate in a normal two-year election cycle (excluding the relatively infrequent run-off and special elections). Table D shows that the prevailing pattern is for PAC's to contribute to candidates in amounts totaling $5,000 or less. Of the 38,143 aggregate PAC contributions to candidates in the 1978 House elections (an aggregate PAC contribution is the total amount an individual PAC gave to an individual candidate -regardless of how many contributions the PAC gave to total that amount), only 1.8 percent (677) amounted to more than $5,000. Thus, it would seem that the $5,000 ceiling on PAC contributions to individual candidates is a less significant provision of H.R. 4970 than the $50,000 ceiling on total PAC receipts by a candidate. Yet, the candidates who received more then $5,000 from the diffe- rent types of PAC's were the candidates whose political positions were most favorable to these PAC's and who, additionally, had plausible chances of victory. Table D shows that labor and trade association PAC's supported 232 and 361 candidates respectively with total contributions exceeding $5,000. Thus, these two types of PAC's would have been severely restricted by H.R. 4970 in 1978' while corporate PAC's, which supported only 23 candidates with total contributions exceeding $5,000, would have been only slight- ly affected.
Tables E and F show the political preferences in the 1978 elections of the four major types of PAC's: corporate, labor, independent (CSFC on the right, NCEC on the left), and trade associations. Independent PAC's, with no affiliation to any major institution or profession, had the least amounts of money. Overall, they supported Republican challengers and open-seat candidates by wide margins as compared to any other types of candidates. And, interestingly, independent PAC's contributed 41 percent of their funds to Republican challenges - although this amounted to average total contributions of only $3,275 to this group. Thus, the Republican version of that perennially under- financed candidate, the challenger, received special emphasis from independent PAC's in 1978.
All corporate PAC's gave the largest percentage of their contributions to Democrat incumbents in 1978, but the largest average total contributions went to Republican open seat candidates followed closely by Republican incumbents. During the 1977-78 election cycle, there were 821 corporate PAC's in existence, more than any other type of PAC. Trade associations had 543 PAC's, labor had 281 PAC's, and 254 PAC's were independent. Yet, corpor- ate PAC's were still third to labor and trade association PAC's in contributions to 1978 House candidates. In 1977-78, corporate PAC's contributed $9.5 million to House candidates, labor PAC's contributed $9.9 million, trade association PAC's contributed $11.2 million, and independent PAC's contributed $2.5 million.
Labor PAC's supported Democrats almost exclusively in the 1979 House elections. And almost two-thirds of their money went to Democrat incumbents - although Democrat open seat candidates received the largest average total contributions from labor PAC's.
Of the four major types of PAC's, trade association PAC's spread their money most evenly among the different types of candidates. Incumbent Democrats received more than a third of trade association PAC money, followed by incumbent Republicans. Yet, open seat Republicans received the largest average total contributions from trade association PAC's. Open seat Democrat candidates were also well-financed by trade PAC's.
Tables E and F taken together show that independent PAC's are substantially in the Republican camp while labor PAC's are almost exclusively in the Democrat camp. Corporate and trade PAC's both contribute more than one-third of their funds to incumbent Democrats and, adding incumbent Republicans, more than 60 percent to incumbents. Thus, these two types of PAC's contri- bute most of their funds to that type of candidate most likely to emerge victorious in elections: the incumbent. (Ninety-five percent of all House incumbents won re-election in 1978.) Yet, when there is a possibility of change, i.e., when a race presents a plausible challenger or open seat candidate, both trade and corporate PAC's favored Republican challengers and open seat candidates to their Democrat counterparts in the 1978 elections.
Tables H and I offer some statistics on the ten largest PAC's, in terms of contributions to candidates, during the 1977'-78 election cycle. The top ten include four trade PAC's and six union PAC's. By way of comparison, the two largest corporate PAC's are also included. Table H shows that Democrat candidates received almost twice the amount in total contributions from these ten largest PAC's than Republicans. The six labor PAC's favored Democrats almost exclusively, while three of the four trade PAC's favored Republicans - the American Dental Association being the only one of the four to contribute more to Democrats than Republicans.
Table I demonstrates the effect that H.R. 4970's $5,000 ceiling on contributions to individual candidates would have had on the activities of the ten largest PAC's during the 1977-78 election cycle. The ten largest PAC's contributed to a total of 2,956 candidates, an average of 295 each. of that total, 248 candidates received more than $5,000 in contributions, an average of 24 each. The American medical Association PAC gave more than $5,000 to the most candidates: 75, while the American Dental Association gave more than $5,000 to only two candidates. overall, less than 10 percent of the candidates favored by the top ten PAC's received more than $5,000 in contributions. Yet, again it must be assumed that such candidates were those whose election was most important to each PAC's interests and, in all probability, whose race was competitive. It must be concluded that H.R. 4970 would restrict the activities of these big PAC's in a significant way.CONCLUSION
In its 1976 Buckley vs. Valeo decision, the Supreme Court ruled that the provisions of the 1976 Amendments to the Federal Election Campaign Act providing for ceilings on the amount candi- dates for the House and Senate could spend on their campaigns was an unconstitutional restriction of free political speech. But the Court also said that the ceiling on campaign expenditures by presidential candidates was constitutional if presidential candi- dates accepted public financing. Earlier this year, H.R. 1 attempted to extend this quid pro quo (i.e., expenditures ceilings for public funds) to House elections by offering up to $60,000 in public funds in exchange for a ceiling of $195,000 in campaign expenditures.
H.R. 4970 offers no quid pro quo. It does establish a ceiling of $50,000 on the total amount a candidate can receive from non-party PAC's. If the bill had been law in the 1978 elections, there would have been 176 instances of PAC's being unable to contribute to the candidate of their choice. Whether the ceiling of $50,000 will pass the constitutional test of free political speech established in Buckley vs. Valeo is open to question.
Although incumbents were the largest group of candidates receiving more than $50,000 in PAC contributions, the tables of this paper have shown that challenger candidates (especially successful challengers) and open seat candidates were also depen- dent on such PAC contributions. A previous Issue Bulletin (see No. 37, "Taxpayer Financing of Elections: Government as a Special Interest," March 19, 1979) showed that H.R. l's expenditure ceiling of $195,000 for each candidate also would have severely hampered the campaigns of the same group: successful challengers and open seat candidates.
The problem of the "entrenched incumbent" has been hotly debated in recent years. Everyone seems to agree that incumbents, by virtue of their high vi-sibility and the perquisites of office, have enormous campaign advantages over challengers. But there has been much disagreement about what to do about the problem. As a group, incumbents attract more campaign money than their challengers. Supporters of further campaign restrictions like H.R. l's ceiling of $195,000 on candidate expenditures and H.R. 4970's $50,000 ceiling on PAC contributions to individual candi- dates claim that such ceilings will at least restrict the finan- cial advantages of incumbency and thereby provide for more equal election contests. Yet, the record shows that successful challen- gers always need substantial campaign treasuries in order to defeat incumbents and the two proposed ceilings would have severe- ly restricted the campaigns of successful challengers in the 1978 House elections. Incumbents might have even more advantages if challengers are prevented from spending as much money as they feel is necessary for victory.
The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, its 1974 and 1976 Amendments, all the proposals of the last three years to further amend the Act, and the Federal Election Commission itself were all inspired by the notion that money is an evil influence in elections. Yet, no one has ever been able to demonstrate that the candidate with the most money is always assured of victory. Indeed, in the nineteen House races in the 1978 elections in which an incumbent was defeated, the successful challengers outspent the incumbents in eleven of the races but the losing incumbents outspent their challengers in eight. Similar results prevail for other kinds of competitive races. In addition, no one has heen able to show that money automatically makes a race competitive. In the 1978 House elections, fifty-eight candidates spent more than the $195,000 limit proposed by H.R. 1, but only thirty-five were winners. And twenty-two of these thirty-five were incumbents who enjoyed all the other advantages of incumben- cy in addition to the ability to raise large campaign treasuries. The h@story of federal campaign laws in the 1970s can be briefly summarized: In order to prevent corruption in elections and in order to inform the public about contributions to campaigns, Congress in 1971 passed the original Federal Election Campaign Act providing for detailed disclosure and reporting of all campaign contributions and expenditures. The Act also included a provision allowing corporations and labor unions to use their treasury funds to establish, administer, and solicit voluntary contributions to their own PAC's. Thus, PAC's were created in 1971.
The 1974 Amendments to the Act eliminated the wealthy contri- butor by restricting individual contributions to candidates to $1,000 per candidate per election. Non-Party PAC's were restric- ted to $5,000 per candidate per election. The Amendments provided for public filiancing of presidential campaigns and expenditure ceilings for presidential, House and Senate campaigns. In addi- tion, the 1974 Amendments limited the amount of money candidates could contribute to their own campaigns.
In Buckley vs. Valeo, the Supreme Court struck down the restrictions on House and Senate campaigns expenditures and the restriction on candidates' contributions to their own campaigns as unconstitutional restrictions of free political speech. But, as already mentioned, the Court let stand the quid 2ro quo for presidential campaigns.
In 1976, Congress passed further amendments to the Act bringing the law into conformity with the Supreme Court's deci- sion. By that time, trends in campaign financing were starting to emerge. The wealthy contributor was'gone. Candidates were forced to solicit contributions from a large number of small contributors, a very expensive process requiring professional fund-raisers. So, the direct-mail experts became an increasingly important element in campaigns. Corporations, labor unions, and trade associations began taking advantage of the provisions of the law allowing them to form PAC's. The PAC movement started to grow. Candidates began to turn to PAC's because they could receive $5,000 per election in PAC money versus only $1,000 maximum from individuals. In addition, PAC's began offering another service to candidates: professional staff assistance. PAC's found that the citizenry was thinking more and more about issues rather than candidates or political parties. PAC treasuries grew. Political party treasuries declined. Candidates found fund-raising increasingly more difficult and expensive. Because of this, candidates began reaching into their own pockets to fund their campaigns. With fund-raising difficult, the law seemed to favor candidates with available personal resources. And the Supreme Court's Buckley vs. Valeo ruling stated that it would be unconstitutional to restrict canaidate funding of their own campaigns.
Election law reformers tried to put a ceiling on individual campaign expenditures, but these were declared unconstitutional by the Court. Four times in two years (1977-79), reformers tried to pass a tradeoff, public financing for a ceiling on the expendi- tures of individual campaigns, but failed to get the various proposals through the House. The Supreme Court had ruled out restricting the use of a candidate's personal funds in his own campaign, so the reformers attempted.to restrict both party and non-party PAC's with H.R. 11315 in 1977 but also failed to win passage. The current bill, H.R. 4970, proposes to restrict non-party PAC's alone. Since 1976, only a further restriction on individual contributors has not been'proposed as a reform.
Two reports about the effects of the federal election laws of the 1970s have recently been completed. Both come to the same conclusion: elections are under-financed, not over-financed. Harvard's Institute of Politics, commissioned to study federal election law by the House Administration Committee, released its report at the beginning of the summer. The report found that federal election law has increased the influence of special interests in elections, but did not recommend that PAC's be limited. Instead, the report proposed that the individual contri- bution ceiling to candidates be raised from $1,000 to $3,000.
Last week, Herbert Alexander, the country's leading authority on campaign financing, published his fifth quadrennial book on presidential campaign financing. Alexander found that the public financing of presidential campaigns had significantly cut the level of grass-roots 'participation in the 1976 presidential campaigns. This happened because limits on the use of campaign money and state-by-state ceilings on spending had fostered a new "cost-effective" means of campaigning. Grass-roots participation in campaigns was reduced as professional campaign managers turned to a broader use of television advertising, direct mail solicita- tions for money, and centralization of campaign operations.
Thomas R. Ascik Policy Analyst
The following tables were compiled at The Heritage Foundation from statistical tables published in FEC Disclosure Series No. 9, 1976 House of Representatives Campaigns, Receipts and Expenditures; and FEC Reports on Financial Activity-1977-78, Interim Reports No. 4 and 5, U.S. Senate and House Campaigns.Table A
Trends in Contributions to Candidates for the House - Average Contributions to Candidates by Source
1972 1974 1976 1978
Individuals $30,840 (59) $44,625 (73) $46,522 (59) $67,835 (61) Political parties 8,998 (17) 2,472 ( 4) 6,528 ( 8) 4,983 ( 4) PAC's 7,228 (14) 10,506 (17) 18,018 (23) 23,147 (25) Personal resources NA (10) 3,480 ( 5) 7,096 ( 9) 10,267 ( 9) Total $51,752 $61,084 $79,421 $111,232
(Numbers in parentheses are percentages of the totals.)
(Additional source this table: Institute of Politics' 1979 study of federal campaign laws.)Table B
There were 176 candidates for the House (primary, general, and special elections) who received more than $50,000 from non-party political action committees (PAC's) in the 1977-'1978 election cycle.
The following tables group the 176 candidates in various ways:
By Outcome of the Election
58 Republican winners 82 Democrat winners 14-0- winners
21 Republican losers 15 Democrat losers 5_6 losers
By Status of Candidate
31 Republican incumbents 74 Democrat incumbent 165- incumbents
25 Republican challengers 7 Democrat challengers T2 Challengers 23 Republican candidates for an open seat 16 Democrat candidates for an open seat T9 candidates for'an open seat
By Type of Race --Competitive or Non-Competitive
(Competitive - winning percentage of 55 percent or less; non-competitive winning percentage of 55 percent or greater)
38 Republican winners of a competitive race 33 Democrat winners of a competitive race 7-1 winners of a competitive race
41 Republican winners of a non-competitive race 64 Democrat winners of a non-competitive race 0_5 winners of a non-competitive race
Characteristics Overall
Republicans (79)
Incumbents (31) 5 winners of a competitive race 23 winners of a non-competitive race 3 losers of a competitive race
Challengers (25) 11 winners of a competitive race 2 winners of a non-competitive race 10 losers of a competitive race 2 losers of a non-competitive race
Open-Seat Candidates (23) 4 winners of a competitive race 11 winners of a non-competitive race 2 winners of a special election 5 losers of a competitive race 1 losers of a non-competitive race
Democrats (97)
Incumbents (74) 17 winners of a competitive race 49 winners of a non-competitive race 4 losers of a competitive race 3 losers of a non-competitive race 1 loser in a primary
Challengers (7) 3 winners of a competitive race 1 winner of a non-competitive race 2 losers of a non-compe-titive race 1 loser of a primary
Open-Seat Candidates (16) 7 winners of a competitive race 5 winners of a non-competitive race 2 losers of a non-competitive race 1 loser in a primary
Table C
House General Elections in 1976 and 1978 Average Total PAC Contributions to Candidates by Type of Candidate -- Republican and Democrat Only
1976 1978
Incumbents $26,609 $38,074 Challengers 7,589 13,086 Open-seat candidates 19,786 40,095
Table D
PAC Contributions to Candidates by Total Contribution Amount 1978 House Primary and General Elections
Number of Aggregate Number of Aggregate PAC contributions to PAC Contributions to Candidates Candidates
Type of PAC $ 1-5,000 $5,001 -
Corporation 16,540 23 Labor 7,577 232 Industry 2,027 34 Trade 10,609 361 Co-op 493 27 -Corporation w/o stock 220 0
Total-All PAC's 37,466 (98.2%) 677 (1.8%) Table E
Percentage of PAC Contribution Amounts by Types of Candidates-1978 House General Election Only
Corp. Labor Ind. Trade Incumbent Democrat 34.5% 64.6% 14.3% 35.3% Incumbent Republican 29.9 3.6 15.6 27.9
Challenger Democrat 1.2 16.4 3.2 1.5
Challenger Republican 16.8 .2 41.0 15.7
Open-Seat Democrat 5.4 15.0 5.0 7.3
Open-Seat Republican 12.3 .25 21.0 12.25
100% 100% 100% 100%
(Ind. Independent PAC)
Table F
Average PAC Contributions to Candidates by Type of Candidate 1978 House General Election Only
Corp- Labor Ind. Trade
Incumbent Democrat $ 7,924 $ 16,940 $ 942 $ 11,464
Incumbent Republican 13,434 11823 2,019 17,761
Challenger Democrat 588 8,896 443 1,035
Challenger Republican 4,674 62 3,275 6,202
Open-Seat Democrat 5,706 18,236 1,508 10,970
Open-Seat Republican 14,401 329 7,099 20,387
(Ind. - Independent PAC) Table G
House Elections 1978
Corporate PAC's alone contributed more than $50,000 to 7 candidates:
I Republican winner of a non-competitive race 1 Democrat winner of a non-competitive race 2 Republican winners of a competitive race 2 Republican losers of a competitive race 1 Democrat loser of a competitive race
Trade PAC's alone contributed more than $50,000 to 10 candidates:
2 Republican winners of a non-competitive race 2 Democrat winners of a non-competitive race 2 Republican winners of a competitive race 4 Republican losers of a competive race
Labor PAC's alone contributed more than $50,000 to 18 candidates:
7 Democrat winners of a competitive race 6 Democrat winners of a non-competitive race 1 Democrat loser of a competitive race 3 Democrat losers of a non-competitive race 1 Democrat loser of an open primaryTable H
The Ten Largest PAC's during the 1977-78 Election Cycle -- Total Contribu- tions to House Candidates by Party of Candidate-Primary and General Elections
To Dem. To Rep.
1. Am. Med. $ 421,175 $ 955,195 2. Realtors 328,400 5901,078 3. Nat. Auto 315,225 431,400 4. UAW 782,650 14,700 5. AFL-CIO 664,081 6,600 6. Steelworkers 390,530 4,300 7. Trans. Union 433,928 16,900 8. Machinists 352,588 10,000 9. Am. Dental 209,040 185,660 10. CWA 323,108 5,300
$ 4,220,725 (66%) $ 2,220,133 (34%)
1. Am. Med. Ass.; 2. National Ass. of Realtors; 3. National Automobile Dealers Ass.; 4. United Auto Workers; 5. AFL-CIO; 6. United Steelworkers; 7. United Transportation Union; 8. Machinists and Aerospace Workers; 9. Am. Dental Ass.; 10. Communications Workers of America (Total: 4 trade PAC's and 6 union PAC's) The Two Largest Corporate PAC's:
To Dem. To Rep.
International Paper Co. 37,116 78,544 Amoco 25,100 60,200Table I
Number of House Candidates Receiving More Than $5000 from the Ten Largest PAC'S in the 1978 House Election (Primary, General, and Special)
Total Candidates Total Candidates Receiving More Contributed To DI RI DC RC DO RO Than $5000
Am. Med. 8 32 0 13 9 13 75 407 Realtors 3 9 1 5 5 10 33 416 Nat. Auto 4 7 0 1 1 0 13 338 UAW 35 1 11 0 10 0 57 288 AFL-CIO 11 0 4 0 8 0 23 232 Steelworkers 2 0 2 0 7 0 11 196 Trans. Union 11 0 0 0 3 0 14 317 Machinists 2 0 1 0 4 0 7 241 Am. Dental 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 281 CWA 7 0 4 0 2 0 13 240
And the Two Largest Corporate PAC'S
Int. Paper 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 152 Amoco 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 160
DI - Democrat Incumbent RI - Republican Incumbent DC - Democrat Challenger RI - Republican Challenger DO - Democrat candidate for an open seat RO - Republican candidate for an open seat.


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OTTAWA (Reuters) - Canada's Conservative government aims to spend more money on projects that create jobs while "severely" limiting overall spending growth to tackle the budget deficit, Prime Minister Stephen Harper said on Thursday.
Harper said the date of the 2011 budget will be announced shortly after Parliament reconvenes on January 31. If the budget bill is defeated in the House of Commons, an election will be held.
"The policy of the government going forward over the next five years is to limit the growth, severely limit the growth in expenditures," Harper said in a televised news conference after announcing a government investment to improve energy efficiency in a mill owned by Canadian forestry and paper company Domtar Corp in Windsor, Quebec.
Harper said he will focus in 2011 on nurturing economic recovery and getting more people back to work. His government will not make deep spending cuts, nor will it raise taxes, he said. Instead, it will "concentrate new expenditures only on things that are really going to have some impact on job creation and economic growth."
The government typically presents the budget in February or March. In year-end interviews Liberal opposition leader Michael Ignatieff signaled he would vote against the spending plan unless Harper backtracked on corporate tax cuts and scrapped plans to buy new fighter jets.
Because the Conservatives hold a minority of seats in the House of Commons, Harper needs the support of at least one of the three opposition parties to pass key legislation like the budget and stay in power. If the opposition parties join forces to defeat the budget, it would be considered a vote of non-confidence and trigger an election.
The C$24.8 million ($24.8 million) investment in Domtar and six similar announcements on Thursday for mills elsewhere are part of a federal initiative announced in 2009 to help forestry companies improve energy efficiency.
($1=$1.00 Canadian)
Reporting by Louise Egan; editing by Peter Galloway

subset: commoncrawl


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Dutch Apologize for Indonesia Massacre Six Decades Later
Six decades after the Dutch massacred hundreds of men and boys in Indonesia, the nation has finally received an apology for the bloodbath from the Dutch government.
In a ceremony in the village of Balongsari, the Dutch ambassador to Indonesia, Tjeerd de Zwan, apologized in both English and Indonesian for the tragic deaths that took place on the Indonesian island of Java.
"On behalf of the Dutch government, I apologize for the tragedy that took place in Rawagede on the 9th of December, 1947," he said.
One widow, who lost her husband at 20, expressed her gratitude for the apology, which had been sideswiped by the Dutch for years.
"It makes me feel my struggle for justice was not useless," Cawi binti Baisa said.
Dutch soldiers massacred up to 430 men and boys during Indonesia's battle for independence during the breakdown of the global colonial system.
Although the Western European country previously expressed its regret over the massacre, Friday marks the first formal apology offered to Indonesia by the Dutch government.
The apology follows a milestone court ruling in which a Dutch court said that the Dutch were responsible for the slaughter on Java.
Indonesia proclaimed independence in August of 1945 and a four and a half year struggle between the Dutch and Indonesians ensued. After years of fighting, the Dutch finally recognized Indonesia as a sovereign independent state in 1949.
The move on behalf of the Netherlands is prompting some activists to question the past human rights record of Indonesia and it's own officials.
In the 1960s, an estimated 500,000 communists were killed in the country and were purged from political, social and military life. The Indonesian government has yet to face a trial for the killings and the subject is rarely addressed in Indonesian politics, society and academic circles.


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Comment #21 Thursday, July 5, 2012 6:54 PM
Thank you Madcat21. that would be great for all of us that still use Vista!
Comment #23 Friday, December 7, 2012 5:56 PM
I downloaded it which was a zip folder, extracted the folder and couldn't find the folder to install it.
Comment #24 Sunday, January 6, 2013 1:31 AM
I love it but I couldn't find the file to apply the skin. All the files were there just wasn't sure which one to click on
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text:
MILWAUKEE, Oct. 4 (UPI) -- The St. Louis Cardinals clinched at least a tie for a playoff spot Thursday as Matt Morris recorded his 22nd win and Mark McGwire drove in five runs in a 10-3 victory over the Milwaukee Brewers.
The Cardinals won for the 16th time in their last 19 games, assuring themselves no worse than a tie with the San Francisco Giants for the National League wild card.
St. Louis also began the day tied with Houston in the Central Division.
Beginning Friday, the Cardinals host the Astros in a season-ending, three-game series that will decide the Central Division title.
St. Louis trailed the Astros by 5 1/2 games on Sept. 24, but reeled off six straight wins before losing to the Brewers on Wednesday.
Morris (22-8) joined Arizona's Curt Schilling as the only 22-game winners in the major leagues. Pitching on manager Tony La Russa's 57th birthday, the righthander allowed three hits over six scoreless innings with three walks and 10 strikeouts.
He became the first St. Louis pitcher to reach 22 wins since Bob Gibson went 23-7 in 1970.
Morris has tossed 14 scoreless innings in his last two starts and is 10-1 in his last 12 outings.
McGwire had an RBI single in the first, a run-scoring groundout in the third and a three-run home run in the sixth that gave St. Louis an 8-0 lead. It was his 583rd career homer and 29th of the season.
Mike Timlin gave up an unearned run in the seventh before Steve Kline surrendered two runs in the eighth, including Richie Sexson's 44th homer. Sexson is one shy of Gorman Thomas' franchise mark set in 1979.
The Cardinals gave Morris a quick lead with two runs off Jimmy Haynes (8-17) in the top of the first on rookie Albert Pujols' RBI double and McGwire's single.
McGwire followed Jim Edmonds' RBI double in the third with a run-scoring groundout to make it 4-0.
Haynes surrendered four runs and five hits over four innings in his first start since Aug. 23. He made two relief appearances last week after missing a month due to an injured thigh.
Mike Matheny delivered an RBI single for the Cardinals in the fifth and Eli Marrero belted a two-run homer in the ninth.
Five Milwaukee pitchers combined to walk a season-high 11, including five by Haynes.


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Firefighters were called to put out a fire in a field at Hassocks yesterday (Monday June 23).
The call came just before noon to go to the field off London Road.
An area around 25 square metres of grass was alight.
A hose reel and beaters were used to put the blaze out.
The emergency service says the cause of the fire is unknown.


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Interested in obtaining your GED® certification in Ripley MS? The GED® exam is for adults who do not have their high school diploma. The certificate that you receive upon passing the Mississippi GED® test is accepted as an equivalent credential to a high school diploma by employers and colleges throughout the United States.
The GED® exam tests basic skills that students are taught in high school. Topics covered in GED® classes include math, science, writing, reading, and social studies. Those are the subject areas that make up the test in Mississippi.
Many prep programs in Ripley MS are offered at:
- Ripley Literacy Centers
- Ripley Libraries
- Ripley Colleges
- Ripley Workforce Learning Centers


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Identify and report sightings of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar)
The Insect
The gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) is an important defoliator of a wide range of trees and shrubs in mainland Europe, where it periodically reaches outbreak numbers. The British form of the moth became extinct in the early 1900s and it was unknown here until a small colony was discovered in northeast London in 1995. Since then isolated breeding colonies have also been found in Buckinghamshire and Dorset. It is likely that moth eggs from mainland Europe were carried to these locations on vehicles, wooden packaging or imported timber.
This page will help you to identify L. dispar and its life cycle stages.
Tree damage
- Full grown larvae (caterpillars) can be up to 70mm long
- Voracious appetite
- Feeds on leaves of broadleaf tree and shrub species
- Feeds on conifers when food is in short supply
- Extensive damage to foliage
- Repeated deforestation can cause tree death (single deforestation causes conifer death)
Insect Life Cycle
- Larvae hatch in spring and are dispersed on silk threads in the wind
- Fully grown caterpillars develop into adult moths in mid to late summer
- Adult male moths are attracted to females by chemical scents
- Adult females lay 50-800 eggs in clusters
Find out more about the life cycle of a Gypsy moth.
Insect management
If you suspect a Gypsy moth colony, you should report the sighting to Forest Research's Tree Health and Diagnostic Advisory Service.
Our research
Forest Research has used pheromones to monitor this insect in the past in London and Aylesbury, but we no longer carry out regular surveys. We know gypsy moth is now widely spread across most of London and that a much smaller, more discrete colony persists in Aylesbury.


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iCAP Capabilities:
- Shows completed coursework including grades and hours earned
- Displays transfer work and applies it to degree requirements
- Provides a list of "Select From" courses for easy course selection
- Calculates overall total hours and GPA
- Calculates major/minor hours and GPA
- Indicates missing requirements
- Allows students to run "What-If" audits to compare coursework against other majors and minors
What iCAP Cannot Do:
- Check for prerequisites or corequisites
- Automatically apply transfer coursework without an equivalency
- Allow students to change majors, minors, or concentrations
- Serve as an advisor
- Allow courses with "0" hours to fulfill requirements (Labs, etc.)
- Show test scores
Note: documents in Portable Document Format (PDF) require Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.0 or higher to view,
download Adobe Acrobat Reader.
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download excel.
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download word.
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text:
© 2002-2017
Encyclopaedia Metallum
Best viewed
without Internet Explorer,
in 1280 x 960 resolution
or higher.
|Chris Grigg
Recorded in spring of 2007
Originally released by Xos as a CD-r
Reissued by Witch Hammer productions In the fall of 2007.
Available for $2 digital download on the bands website.
The band calls it "very raw sloppy satanic black metal".


text:
Where Are They Now? spotlights Minnesota Varsity Featured and Showcase Artists from 2011, 2012 and 2013. David Nelson from Woodbury, Minn., was a Minnesota Varsity 2013 Featured Artist. He recently got in touch with Classical MPR's Christine Sweet to share what he's doing now.
David Nelson, 2013 Featured Artist
Age: 18
From: Woodbury, Minn.
Attends: Gustavus Adolphus College, St. Peter, Minn.
My life has only changed for the better. I've hit the road running in St. Peter and have already joined three musical ensembles as well as taking a full load of credits. It's fantastic! I'm planning on double-majoring in Music and Mathematics, hopefully with a life of performing ahead of me.
My favorite part of being in Minnesota Varsity was getting to go into a professional recording studio and record a song, all by myself [having been a member of Minnesota Boychoir since age 7]!
Minnesota Varsity 2014 is now open for submissions. Learn how to submit your music here.


text:
Route Grade Votings
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text:
UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 25 (UPI) -- The Iranian and Pakistani heads of state discussed natural gas issues on the sidelines of the U.N. General Assembly meeting, Iran's Oil Ministry said.
Pakistan is eager to secure more natural gas from its Asian partners to relieve a lingering energy crisis in the country. Iranian President Hassan Rouhani and Pakistani Prime Minister Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif discussed the issue on the sidelines of the annual U.N. session late Tuesday, the Iranian Oil Ministry's news website, Shana, reports.
The website said Pakistan plans at some point to send a delegation to Iran to discuss natural gas pipeline options.
Shana reported pipeline construction is under way on both sides of the border. Pakistan could receive 750 million cubic feet of natural gas from Iran each day through the pipeline.
Turkish Speaker of Parliament Jamil Chichak arrived in Tehran, meanwhile, to discuss natural gas transmission. Shana reported both sides viewed their joint efforts in the energy sector as a way to ship Iran's natural gas through Turkey to Europe.
Iran had offered its natural gas to Europe through projects outlined in the Southern Corridor, a network of pipelines meant to break Russia's grip on the European energy sector. However, Western sanctions targeting Iran's energy sector handicap some of its ambitions.


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Li avenges, Lisicki upset
Li Na looked like a Grand Slam champion, while Laura Robson looked like a promising teenager.
The fifth-seeded Li avenged her third-round upset loss to the young Brit at last year's U.S. Open, winning in straight sets Friday at the same stage at Flushing Meadows.
Li, the 2011 French Open champ, rallied from down a break in the second set for a 6-2, 7-5 victory.
Li was nervous after she noticed that her draw was a repeat from last year. A pep talk from coach Carlos Rodriguez eased her anxiety.
"After the talk I was feeling much, much better," she said. "Because before I never try to share the feeling with the team."
Agnieszka Radwanska needed nearly two hours to slip past No. 32-seeded Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova 6-4, 7-6 (1). The third-seeded Pole faced 10 break points, but Pavlyuchenkova was able to convert only two, while Radwanska was 3 for 5.
A year ago, Robson's upset of Li was the biggest victory of her breakthrough run. Meanwhile, it was the third straight frustrating U.S. Open loss for the Chinese star.
Robson was ranked 89th coming into last year's tournament. She had never advanced past the second round at a Grand Slam event or defeated a top-10 opponent.
That all changed when she upset major champions Kim Clijsters and Li back-to-back to make the fourth round. Now 19, Robson was seeded 30th at Flushing Meadows and coming off a fourth-round run at Wimbledon.
Li had 34 unforced errors in their match a year ago, and she lamented then that the free points lifted the teen's confidence. This time, Robson never had much of an opening.
"She served very well today and I thought she was returning really deep," Robson said. "You know, there wasn't a lot I could do in some points."
Li surprised herself with 11 aces Friday — including one on a second serve on match point — and won all nine points when she went to the net. She's back in the fourth round at the U.S. Open for the first time since 2009.
Her run over, Robson now must face an unfortunate reality for many teenagers: getting her wisdom teeth out.
"All the other girls in the locker room are telling me their horror stories: 'Oh, yeah, I pulled my gauze out and it was just blood,'" Robson said. "So that's not too nice."
Sloane Stephens reached the fourth round for the first time, and a matchup against defending champion Serena Williams could be next.
The 15th-seeded Stephens beat 23rd-seeded Jamie Hampton 6-1, 6-3 Friday in the first match at Arthur Ashe Stadium between two American women younger than 24 since the Williams sisters met in the 2002 final.
Stephens has reached at least the fourth round at all four Grand Slam tournaments this season, including a semifinal run at the Australian Open in January, when she upset Serena Williams in the quarterfinals. That's one of only four losses for the top-ranked Williams in 2013.
Stephens lost in the third round at Flushing Meadows each of the last two years, beaten by 2008 French Open champion Ana Ivanovic both times.
Serena Williams will be back on court later Friday a day after playing singles and doubles, facing Yaroslava Shvedova in the nightcap at Arthur Ashe Stadium.
FOX Sports Go
Today 2:30a ET Bundesliga Report - Der Klassiker - One Game, So Many Stories
Today 3:00a ET Maryland at Michigan State REPLAY
Today 3:00a ET UFC Post Fight Show - UFC Fight Night: Werdum vs. Tybura
Today 4:00a ET UFC Ultimate Knockouts - Title Fight Knockouts
Today 4:30a ET UFC Ultimate Knockouts - Rare and Unusual Knockouts


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Phase I Study of Surface-Controlled Water Soluble Curcumin (THERACURMIN CR-011L)
This study has been completed.
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First Posted: September 14, 2010
Last Update Posted: January 8, 2015
Gateway for Cancer Research
Theravalues, Inc.
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
Show Detailed Description
The goal of this clinical research study is to find the highest tolerable doses of surface-controlled water dispersible curcumin (curcumin) that can be given to patients with advanced cancer. The safety of this drug will also be studied.
|Advanced Cancers
|Drug: Surface-Controlled Water Soluble Curcumin Drug: Surface-Controlled Water Soluble Curcumin MTD
|Phase 1
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Allocation: Non-Randomized
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
|Official Title:
|Phase I Study of Surface-Controlled Water Soluble Curcumin (THERACURMIN CR-011L) in Patients With Advanced Malignancies
Resource links provided by NLM:
MedlinePlus related topics: Drinking WaterU.S. FDA Resources
Further study details as provided by M.D. Anderson Cancer Center:
Primary Outcome Measures:
- Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Surface-Controlled Water Dispersible Curcumin [ Time Frame: 4 weeks ]MTD defined by dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) that occur in the first cycle. DLT defined as treatment-related grade 3 or greater non-hematological toxicity other than nausea, vomiting, drug-related grade 3 or greater electrolyte abnormalities that do not return to ≤ grade 1 or baseline within 72 hours, or grade 3 nausea and vomiting related to study drug treatment that is not controlled at 72 hours despite appropriate antiemetic therapy. The defined events will be considered as DLT if they occur within the first cycle (28 days).
|Study Start Date:
|October 2011
|Study Completion Date:
|January 2014
|Primary Completion Date:
|January 2014 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
|Assigned Interventions
Experimental: Surface-Controlled Water Soluble Curcumin Group
Starting dose 100 mg by mouth two times a day of a 28 day cycle.
Drug: Surface-Controlled Water Soluble Curcumin
Starting dose 100 mg by mouth two times a day of a 28 day cycle.
Experimental: Surface-Controlled Water Soluble Curcumin Expansion
Following finding of MTD surface-controlled water soluble curcumin, escalating dose levels
Drug: Surface-Controlled Water Soluble Curcumin MTD
Dose will be maximum tolerated dose (MTD) from Arm 1.
Show Detailed Description
Information from the National Library of Medicine
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|13 Years and older (Child, Adult, Senior)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients must have an advanced malignancy that has either failed one or more prior therapies, or for which there is no established standard of care therapy that improves survival by at least 3 months. If standard therapies are available, the informed consent states that patients are forgoing approved therapies proven to prolong life or the time that the patient is alive without growth of their cancer.
- Patients must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 3 or better (0-3).
- Patients must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below: Absolute neutrophil count > 1,000 /uL Platelets > 50,000 /uL Total bilirubin </= 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (except patients with Gilbert's syndrome, who must have a total bilirubin < 3.0 mg/dL) and ALT </= 3 x ULN, Creatinine </= 1.5 x ULN or creatinine clearance >/= 40 ml/min
- Patients must be able to understand and be willing to sign an Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved written informed consent document.
- Women of child-bearing potential (women who are not postmenopausal for at least one year or are not surgically sterile) and men must agree to use adequate contraception (e.g., barrier device) prior to study entry, for the duration of study participation, and for 30 days after the last dose.
- Patients may receive palliative radiation therapy immediately before or during the treatment if the radiation therapy is not delivered to the sole target lesions.
- Men and women aged >/= 18 years. However, patients who are 13 years or older will be eligible after consultation with their pediatric attending.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, symptomatic congestive heart failure (NYHA Class III or IV), unstable angina pectoris, active bleeding that requires hospitalization, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
- Subject that has not recovered from major surgical procedure, open biopsy, or significant traumatic injury (i.e. subject still needs additional medical care for these issues).
- History of gastric or duodenal ulcers, or hyperacidity syndromes.
- History of allergic reactions to the study drug or its analogs.
- Patient that has received any treatment for tumor specific control within 3 weeks of the start of study drug with investigational drugs and cytotoxic agents, or within 2 weeks of cytotoxic agent given weekly, or within 6 weeks of nitrosoureas or mitomycin C, or within 5 half-lives of biological targeted agents with half-lives and pharmacodynamic effects lasting less than 5 days (that includes, but is not limited to, erlotinib, sorafenib, sunitinib, bortezomib, and other similar agents).
- Currently taking therapeutic doses of anticoagulants such as warfarin or antiplatelet agents (any prophylaxis agents are acceptable).
- International normalized ratio (INR) > 1.5
- Biliary obstruction or cholelithiasis.
- Inability to take oral medication (PEG tube is acceptable).
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
- Concurrent enrollment on another therapeutic research study.
Contacts and Locations
Information from the National Library of Medicine
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01201694
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01201694
|United States, Texas
|UT MD Anderson Cancer Center
|Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
Sponsors and Collaborators
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Gateway for Cancer Research
Theravalues, Inc.
|Principal Investigator:
|David S. Hong, MD
|UT MD Anderson Cancer Center
More Information
Additional Information:
Keywords provided by M.D. Anderson Cancer Center:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Additional Information:
|Responsible Party:
|M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT01201694 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|First Submitted:
|September 9, 2010
|First Posted:
|September 14, 2010
|Last Update Posted:
|January 8, 2015
|Last Verified:
|January 2015
Keywords provided by M.D. Anderson Cancer Center:
Advanced malignancies
Surface-controlled water soluble curcumin
Dietary supplements
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
Sensory System Agents
Peripheral Nervous System Agents
Physiological Effects of Drugs
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Antirheumatic Agents
Antineoplastic Agents
Enzyme Inhibitors
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action


text:
Top News:
BBC Savile inquiry: Who said what — The BBC is publishing thousands of emails and interview transcripts gathered by former head of Sky News, Nick Pollard, in his review of why BBC Newsnight axed a report into abuse by Jimmy Savile.
Discussion: @legalbrat, Sky News, @benfenton, @steven_swinford, @joshhalliday and @julian5news
Tim Bratton / @legalbrat: No obligation on BBC to release Savile transcripts. Why no plaudits for that, instead of criticism for redacting small amounts?
Ben Fenton / @benfenton: BBC used to hitting deadlines, but not apparently when it comes to self-criticism. Pollard transcripts currently 20 mins behind schedule.
Steven Swinford / @steven_swinford: #BBC says #Pollard transcripts on #Savile uploaded "imminently".Spokesman says there is "so much" data it is being uploaded in batches
Josh Halliday / @joshhalliday: George Entwistle crowned himself "Gold Commander" and Roger Mosey "Incident Commander" in #Savile crisis-management setup
Julian Druker / @julian5news: On certain pages, up to half of Jeremy Paxman's Pollard Report interview transcript is redacted #savile pic.twitter.com/heXikaxo06
Savile inquiry: Paxman says DJ rumours were 'common gossip'
Savile inquiry: Paxman says DJ rumours were 'common gossip'
Discussion: Guardian, Telegraph, National Updates and @benfenton
Charles Arthur / Guardian: BBC Pollard inquiry: why is it so hard to search the documents?
Ben Fenton / @benfenton: Here they are for real: http://bbc.in/13rDSgT
Georg Szalai / Hollywood Reporter:
BBC Moves Former Head of News Show That Dropped Jimmy Savile Abuse Report to Archive Post
BBC Moves Former Head of News Show That Dropped Jimmy Savile Abuse Report to Archive Post
Discussion: Daily Mail and @skynewsniall
Ephraim Hardcastle / Daily Mail: Was no one connected with the Savile scandal sacked?
Josh Halliday / Guardian:
BBC releases Jimmy Savile scandal transcripts - live coverage
BBC releases Jimmy Savile scandal transcripts - live coverage
Discussion: Telegraph, Deadline.com, @anunou, Telegraph and The Independent
Jennifer O'Mahony / Telegraph: BBC releases Pollard report into the Savile inquiry: as it happened
Nancy Tartaglione / Deadline.com: BBC Releases 3,000 Documents From Inquiry Into Jimmy Savile/'Newsnight' Scandal
Anu Nousiainen / @anunou: BBC releases Jimmy Savile scandal transcripts, and Guardian asks for help in reading them. http://gu.com/p/3ex8q/tw #JimmySavile
Alice Philipson / Telegraph: BBC releases Pollard report into the Savile inquiry: live
BBC acting like 'secret service' by censoring criticism, Lord McAlpine says
BBC acting like 'secret service' by censoring criticism, Lord McAlpine says
Discussion: Sky News, The Independent and National Updates
Niall Paterson / Sky News: Pollard's BBC Review Missing Email Evidence
Andrew Beaujon / Poynter:
Print advertising revenue at Washington Post was down 14% in 2012 — Revenue at the Washington Post Co.'s newspaper operations was down 7 percent over 2011, the company said in a release of its fourth-quarter and year-end earnings Friday. Revenue from print advertising was down 12 percent …
Discussion: City Desk
Will Sommer / City Desk: Washington Post Papers Lose $53.6 Million, Post Daily Circulation Down 8.6 Percent
Steven Mufson / Washington Post:
Washington Post Co. reports fourth quarter 2012 loss — The Washington Post Co. reported a fourth quarter 2012 loss of $45.4 million, or $6.57 a share as it took $113 million of charges for goodwill write downs and restructuring, mostly in its Kaplan education subsidiary.
Discussion: Business Wire and RTTNews
Jaikumar Vijayan / Computerworld:
An inside look at Google's news-ranking algorithm — Patent application seeks to refine algorithm for third time since 2003 — A patent application filed by Google last year provides a detailed look at some of the metrics the company considers when ranking news stories and deciding …
Discussion: WebProNews and Kirk LaPointe's …
Here's the secret list of journalists who start judging the Pulitzer Prizes today — Today at Columbia University in New York, deliberations begin to determine which works of American journalism published last year are deserving of Pulitzer Prizes, the most coveted award in news.
Discussion: Adweek, Poynter and @ledbetreuters
Emma Bazilian / Adweek: Quartz Publishes Top-Secret List of Pulitzer Prize Jurors
Andrew Beaujon / Poynter: Report: Homicide Watch founder among members of Pulitzer jury
Mat Honan / Wired:
Zendesk Security Breach Affects Twitter, Tumblr and Pinterest — Customer service software provider Zendesk announced a security breach that allowed attackers into its system, where they could access data from three customers this week. Wired learned those three clients were Twitter, Pinterest and Tumblr.
Discussion: Zendesk.com, mediabistro.com, TechCrunch, SocialTimes, CNET, Telegraph, VentureBeat, ZDNet, AllThingsD, Electronista, The Next Web, The Verge, Mashable!, Daily Dot and Softpedia News
Donya Blaze / mediabistro.com: Security Breach at Zendesk May Affect Your Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest Accounts
Catherine Shu / TechCrunch: Zendesk Hacking Affects Tumblr, Pinterest and Twitter Users
Devon Glenn / SocialTimes: Security Breach at Zendesk May Affect Your Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest Accounts
Steven Musil / CNET: Zendesk hack snares user data from Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest
Richard Holt / Telegraph: Twitter, Tumblr and Pinterest caught in hacking attack
Ellyne Phneah / ZDNet: Zendesk breach affected Twitter, Tumblr and Pinterest
Josh Ong / The Next Web: Twitter, Tumblr and Pinterest warn users after customer support service Zendesk gets hacked
Bryan Bishop / The Verge: Twitter, Tumblr, and Pinterest warn of privacy risk after customer support company Zendesk is hacked (update)
Stan Schroeder / Mashable!: Twitter, Pinterest and Tumblr Notify of Security Breach After Zendesk Hack
Jack Marshall / Digiday:
What Online Ads Really Cost — Publishers love to talk about the rate card prices, but in reality agencies pay nowhere near the figures listed publicly or fed to the trade press. Everything in the world of online media is open to negotiation, and things like package deals, upfront commitments …
Discussion: MarketingVox News & Trends
Joe Pompeo / Capital New York:
Ben Smith sets off Andrew Sullivan's 'Orwell bells' in Flatiron fracas — A standing-room-only crowd packed the hang-out area on the 11th floor of Buzzfeed's Flatiron District headquarters last night, draining plastic wine glasses and beer bottles, but tasting blood.
Discussion: The Atlantic Online, City Desk and NYConvergence.com
Andrew Sullivan / The Dish:
Guess Which Buzzfeed Piece Is An Ad
Guess Which Buzzfeed Piece Is An Ad
Discussion: The Atlantic Online, Poynter, Business Insider, @buzzfeedben, @dkthomp, @joshpetri, @dkthomp, @antderosa, @mathewi and @mathewi
Derek Thompson / The Atlantic Online: What's in an Ad? BuzzFeed, the Dish, and the Perils of Sponsored Content
Andrew Beaujon / Poynter: Ben Smith and Andrew Sullivan battle in sponsored-content throwdown!
Megan Rose Dickey / Business Insider: Guess Which Of These Three BuzzFeed Stories Is An Ad
Ben Smith / @buzzfeedben: @DKThomp @sullydish Hahaha. I have a good answer! The one whose byline is "Sony Entertainment Network"
Derek Thompson / @dkthomp: @BuzzFeedBen @sullydish STOP TALKING SAVE IT FOR THE PANEL
Josh Petri / @joshpetri: This is a sponsored RT. RT @cschweitz: .@sullydish takes on @buzzfeed: Guess Which Buzzfeed Piece Is An Ad http://dish.andrewsullivan.com/2013/ 02/21/guess-which-buzzfeed-piece-is-an- ad/ ...
Derek Thompson / @dkthomp: Okay, so tonight's talk with @sullydish and @BuzzFeedBen is going to be even more fun than I thought http://dish.andrewsullivan.com/2013/ 02/21/guess-which-buzzfeed-piece-is-an- ad/ ...
Anthony De Rosa / @antderosa: Paging @JackShafer MT @mccarthyryanj "Guess Which BuzzFeed Piece is An Ad" (Sponsored by Andrew Sullivan subscribers) http://dish.andrewsullivan.com/ ...
Mathew Ingram / @mathewi: "I dont see an ethical line being definitively crossed here just deliberately left very fuzzy" http://dish.andrewsullivan.com/ ... via @sullydish
Christine McConville / Boston Herald:
'Scared' Globe staffers press for sale answers — Blindsided Boston Globe employees — still reeling after The New York Times Co. put the Hub paper up for sale again — are slated to come face-to-face this morning with a top Gray Lady exec for the start of what could be a messy split …
Discussion: FishbowlNY, The Boston Globe, The Huffington Post and Boston Herald
Chris O'Shea / FishbowlNY: Pretty Much Everyone is Rumored to Buy The Boston Globe
Kevin Cullen / The Boston Globe: Changes are in the air for The Boston Globe
Katherine Fung / The Huffington Post: Boston Globe Staffers 'Scared' And 'Nervous' Over Sale
Jessica Heslam / Boston Herald: Rupert Murdoch to the rescue? He's still a 'buyer'
Andrew Beaujon / Poynter:
Who will buy The Boston Globe?
Who will buy The Boston Globe?
Discussion: Smartertimes.com, The Boston Globe, Boston Herald, JIMROMENESKO.COM and Nieman Journalism Lab
David Folkenflik / NPR:
CNBC Adopts Tougher Tactic In Booking Wars … CNBC is far and away the television ratings leader in the financial cable news business. Now, evidence arrives that its executives, producers and reporters are going to great lengths to maintain its status. — The channel has adopted a policy …
Discussion: Politico, TVNewser and Talking Biz News
Dylan Byers / Politico: CNBC's strict guest policy, cont.
Alex Weprin / TVNewser: More On CNBC's Booking Practices
Chris Roush / Talking Biz News: CNBC vs. Bloomberg TV: The booking wars
Eriq Gardner / Hollywood Reporter:
Fox Asks Judge to Stop Dish's New Ad-Skipper (Exclusive) — Six weeks after Dish adds place-shifting to its Hopper service, now called "Dish Anywhere," Fox files new court papers in another attempt at an injunction. — Fox Television is again making an attempt to shut down Dish Network's advertising-skipping DVR services.
Discussion: Bloomberg, Reuters, The Verge, multichannel.com/rss and Adweek
Edvard Pettersson / Bloomberg: Fox Seeks to Block Dish TV's New 'On the Go' Features
Tim Carmody / The Verge: Fox sues Dish again over the Hopper, this time over place-shifting, not ad-skipping
John Eggerton / multichannel.com/rss: Fox Takes New Tack in Hopper Legal Battle
Anthony Crupi / Adweek: We Can Work It Out: DISH Network Not Spoiling to Fight Disney
Neal Ungerleider / Fast Company:
Egypt Crowdsources Censorship — Egypt's communications ministry is asking citizens to report web pages showing blasphemous content. — The Egyptian government is now crowdsourcing censorship efforts. A new web page created by the country's National Telecommunications Registry Agency …
Discussion: @emilydparker and CNET
Emily Parker / @emilydparker: Crowdsourcing censorship: Egypt asks citizens to report web pages w blasphemous content http://trib.al/vC0zSVH via @FastCompany
Chris Matyszczyk / CNET: Egypt accused of crowdsourcing censorship
Alex Weprin / TVNewser:
NBCU Spent $195 Million To Buy Back Half Of MSNBC.com — Thanks to Comcast's 10-K filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission, we now know how much NBCUniversal spent to buy back the 50% of MSNBC.com that was owned by Microsoft. — The total purchase price for Microsoft's stake was $195 million …
Erik Maza / WWD:
Ken Kurson Staying Busy at The New York Observer — SHIFTING SLOWLY: A few weeks ago, Ken Kurson, the new editor in chief of The New York Observer, was at the party for the redesigned New Republic. He had come to the soiree as his boss and friend Jared Kushner's guest.
Discussion: Capital New York
Hacking: No charges for ex-NoW deputy editor — The News of the World newspaper closed in 2011 — The former deputy editor at the now-defunct News of the World newspaper will not face any charges regarding phone hacking, the CPS has announced. — It said Neil Wallis will not face prosecution …
Discussion: pressgazette.co.uk
Lisa de Moraes / Washington Post:
Soledad O'Brien to leave CNN morning show to produce specials for the network — CNN is sweeping aside its morning-show host, Soledad O'Brien, to make way for new network chief Jeff Zucker's better idea: a morning show anchored by Chris Cuomo and Erin Burnett.
Discussion: Hollywood Reporter, Sturgis, MI, AL.com, Adweek, Broadcasting & Cable and Media Decoder
Erik Hayden / Hollywood Reporter: Soledad O'Brien on Leaving CNN Mornings: 'I Will Not Miss Getting Up Early'
Sam Thielman / Adweek: Soledad O'Brien Off Daily Duties at CNN
Andrea Morabito / Broadcasting & Cable: Soledad O'Brien Leaving CNN Morning Show; Launching Production Company
Brian Stelter / Media Decoder: Soledad O'Brien to Take on New Role at CNN


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Plastic Fantastic (T-Shirt)
£13.99 £19.99
Product Details
Plastic Fantastic was inspired by two of our favourite 80's pastimes, Lego and Cannonball Run (look it up kids) and brought to life by resident designer Josh Mussell. Those who know, know!
FEATURES: Lamborghini Countach block car with plastic go-faster girls.
COLOUR: Black shirt with yellow, white and grey screen print to the front.
SHOUT: Josh Mussell
T-SHIRT SIZES (see size chart)
NOTE: For larger sizes not in stock please email: firstname.lastname@example.com


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STARKVILLE, Miss. (Press Release) — "Wonders of Nature," a photography exhibit by Mississippi State alumnus Steve Brandon of Chattanooga, Tenn., now is being featured in the university's Colvard Student Union Art Gallery.
Since retiring in 2002, he and wife Patsy Fowlkes have traveled the world, photographing wildlife and speaking about wildlife conservation. Both graduated from MSU in the early 1970s and have become noted wildlife photographers.
Free and open to all, the exhibit runs through May 29 in the second-floor gallery, with a reception to be held 5-7 p.m. April 22 at the location.
To help the gallery continue featuring national artists and supporting exhibitions of student artists, Brandon is donating for sale all the images on display. For information about purchasing the photographs, visit the Center for Student Activities in Suite 314 or contact Amelia Treptow at 662-325-2930 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
A collection of their photographs may be viewed at www.kingdomsafari.com.
The gallery is open Monday-Friday, 8 a.m.-10 p.m.; Saturday and Sunday, 10 a.m.-10 p.m.
For more information about this event, visit www.union.msstate.edu or telephone the above listed number.


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Backing up your Android apps and data is very important as an android user,How to do Android Phone Apps&Data Backup to the Cloud? there are many ways to backup your phone apps and data, the major ones we are going to look into is Backing up your Android Apps,data,files,e.t.c. to a Cloud Storage service.
What is a Cloud Storage Service:- To a person not familiar with technology terms, you would think Cloud Storage is a storage present in the cloud above the sea surface which is very funny but truth be told am not trying to make fun of you, because you wanted to learn that is why you are reading the post and i would not like to waste your time. A Cloud Storage is a remote web space provided on a live server for documents to be stored and made available to users over the internet, there are many companies providing cloud storage services some of them are Dropbox , Google Drive, One Drive, Box, Copy and many of them, They all provides reasonable amount of space to each of their users with limited features in which might prompt you to go for their premium offers where most if not all of their features will be unlocked depending on the plan you subscribed for. Dropbox is the most popular cloud storage service used on both Desktops and mobile phones followed by Google Drive.
Google primarily provides you as an android user the ability to backup your phone data to your Google account, I will walk you through the process if you do not know about it, if it is the other way round, you can skip this part and read how to do it automatically by scrolling a little bit down. How do i set up my Android Smartphone data backup using my gmail account;
- Right from your Android phone home screen click the menu icon,
- After Loading the menu apps, click on settings icon,
- Select Backup&Reset option from the options,
- Check the box that contains backup my data,
- Scroll down a bit and select the Google account you have registered with the device, if you haven't added any you would be directed to the setup process where you will have to either add an already registered Gmail account or create a new one,
- After adding a Google account, scroll down a bit again and check Automatic restore,
- You have finished the backup and restore process.
For those of us who likes automatic and advance setup of cloud storage, I advice you to read this aspect very well and if you have any problem understanding it you can always use the comment box wide open below the post to air your mind I will find a way to get back to you.
Cloud Storage providers such as OneDrive,Box,DropBox,Copy,Google Drive,Mega and many of them have their own desktops and mobile phones applications, though i cannot be able to write more on the cloud storage service features and pricing but they do have free plans to test their services , I am sorry for not able to write about each of the cloud storage service provider but you can make some Google search about cloud storage service provider or follow this link to read more about cloud storage service provider apps for Android.
How Do i Backup my Android Smartphone Data to Cloud Storage.
Now lets get back to the sole topic, I am going to show you two apps that contains 4 to 5 cloud storage service options. The advantages of using this app is to make you enjoy various services in just one application.
Here are the Apps;
SanDisk Memory Zone:- Most Desktops and Laptop users know about "SanDisk USB Flash Drive" which is a very good external storage device. SanDisk developed an android application that gives you the option to backup your Android data such as Wi-fi passwords,calender,conatcts and even application to one of your desired cloud storage provider network such as Dropbox,Box and many of them and it is free to download from Google PlayStore, an amazing feature of SanDisk is that it can be set to backup using time frequency which is wonderful feature others do not provide.
Download SanDisk for free from Google PlayStore
inDefenfend Mobile Backup
This App gives you the ability to backup your phone contacts,call log,calendar,settings and others to the cloud like dropbox,box,copy and the rest of them but before you can use the application you will have to register for inDefend Mobile Backup within the app, it also comes with scheduled backup feature if you do not like auto backup feature for detailed tutorial you can read it here
Download inDefend Mobile Backup for free from Google PlayStore .
Note: It is very good to always backup your phone incase you misplace your it.
#Another wonderful post AddedNew @ AddedNew.com, always come for more.


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Diana certainly isn't one of the smartest chicks at school but she's totally hot and se knows she can use her pretty face and gorgeous body to her advantage by fucking her Tricky Old Teacher. Take a look at these incredibly hot photos of this cute chick getting down and dirty with a mature man. She sure knows hot to suck a mean cock as she treats that hard dick to a mean blowjob. She even lets her TrickyOldTeacher fuck the shit out of her pretty pink pussy.
Get Full Access to Tricky Old Teacher
also join the Tricky Old Teacher paysite!
All Rights Reserved
© 2005-2017, FetishFish.com Design and Reviews are copyrighted.


text:
November 18, 2013 BY Aaron Kr. / 3
California shop, BAIT, has only been around for a little over a year, but thanks to some strong industry roots that were planted long before their doors opened, they've been able to dive right into the collaboration circuit and start making some noise from day 1. BAIT hit the ground running with a variety of special projects with a number of different brands like Asics, Reebok, Saucony and Creative Recreation to name a few, and as we've seen lately, there are no signs of slowing down. Especially over the last few months, we've seen a rapid fire of interesting collaborative endeavors from BAIT, but their latest takes a much different angle than we're used to seeing when it comes to typical footwear team-ups.
It's not completely unheard of for a sneaker release to have some kind of charitable or humanitarian aspect, but rarely do they practice what they preach to the same degree as this new project with Saucony. Dubbed the "CruelWorld" BAIT has taken the timeless Shadow Original model and reconstructed it in vegan-approved materials, using no animal products in the manufacturing and delivering a cruelty-free message in the process. And while Saucony does already have a limited selection of vegan-friendly
footwear already in circulation, this project will no doubt spread the awareness to a completely different audience through BAIT's voice in the sneakerhead world – a place where positive messages and philanthropy usually play a distant backseat to surface value desirability.
BAIT valiantly attempts to bring those worlds together by creating a clean and accessible colorway of a classic Saucony silhouette that will not only appeal to consumers visually, but may also get them to put a little more thought into what their shoes are made of and where those materials actually come from. No one, including BAIT themselves, are suggesting that we should completely do away with the rich suedes and premium leathers that we all love, but it is definitely a poignant reminder that their are other alternatives available and that perhaps the future may see a more environmentally conscious fusing of these contrasting approaches. We spoke to BAIT owner and creative director, Eric Cheng, to get the inside story on their intriguing new Saucony collab and complementary vegan apparel capsule, so keep reading for the full interview and look for the "CruelWorld" Shadow Original to release exclusively through BAIT next week both in-store and online.


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All quotes by Mikey Weinstein
(18 quotes found)
"The Air Force's official policy remains that the Air Force reserves the right to evangelize anyone in the Air Force that it determines to be unchurched,"
"[Some critics have argued that the training effort is too little and too late.] That RSVP program is putting lipstick on a pig, ... The problem is a leadership that encourages the evangelicals and tolerates bias."
"They say the bad guys we're fighting, the jihadists, represent a theocratic, fascistic movement. If the United States Air Force, probably the most technologically lethal organization ever assembled by man, has a policy of evangelizing 'the unchurched,' you tell me how that makes us look."
"We never knew there was anything even remotely close to being written down on this issue, ... This is no small thing. It is a serious, serious issue."
"I love the Air Force Academy more than anything but my own family, ... But the academy is very, very ill right now."


text:
Cheap Trick Tickets
Cheap Trick Tickets Tickets Rated 0.00/5 based on 0 customer reviews 100 0
Cheap Trick is a rock band with local roots. As if we needed something more to like them. They were formed in Rockford in 1973, consisting of Robin Zander (vocals, rhythm guitar), Rick Nielsen (lead guitar), Tom Petersson (bass guitar), and Bun E. Carlos (drums). Some of their biggest hits, such as "Surrender", "I Want You to Want Me", and "Dream Police" are among the most recognized rock songs on the 20th Century. They had a rough beginning, as none of their first three albums were very popular in the US despite positive critic reviews. But in Japan they were very popular, and the band recorded their first performance in Tokyo at the Nippon Budokan. The live album released from that went triple platinum and made the band huge internationally. Cheap Trick is now known for four decades of near-continuous touring and the use of a large collection of unusual vintage guitars and basses. See these rockers from the best seats with Gold Coast Tickets!
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text:
Interstandards begins website registration
Interstandards, the Arab Internet Standards Organization has announced that it will begin registering Arab websites for its Quality Certification Program as of 1st May 2006.
Interstandards is managing an Arab initiative for the creation of industry standards for Arab commercial websites. Those standards will be structured via a Certification Program in cooperation with the British Standards Institution, Dubai Internet City & eHosting Data Fort and covering five modules: e-Marketing, e-Design, e-Content, e-Security and e-Solutions.
The primary purpose of the Interstandards Certification Program is to promote the use of high quality and standardized online products and services according to the available industry best practises and in adherence to BSI standards, thereby reducing the potential of sub-standard quality online mediums failing prematurely in the marketplace.
Interstandards shall issue quality certificates for the Web Publishers and include the Web Publisher name in the Interstandards certified website's list in all it's marketing activities across the region.
Duri Al Ajrami, Managing Director of Interstandards said: "Participation in the Interstandards Certification Program is essential to the cooperative effort to achieve sustainable market growth for the Arab online market".
"It will also demonstrate the concern of Web Publishers for quality, and the capability of cooperative programs to achieve industry goals", added Al Ajrami
Following the registration, Interstandards shall deliver to Web Publisher the Private Standards in the proper format to verify that all the Certification Program requirements are addressed.
A period of time will be given to all registered Web Publishers to fully review each of the provided Private Standards and self-asses its services or products and resolve nonconformities before Interstandards conducts the actual assessment audit.
After which, Interstandards shall assign specialized auditors to conduct an assessment process related to the Web Publisher's online products and services, in adherence to BSI auditing standards.
Interstandards aim at awarding the first certificate by the end of 2006.
© 2006 Al Bawaba (www.albawaba.com)
Top Headlines
- Adipec early bird registration deadline approaching
- Mohammed Bin Rashid Centre for Leadership Development begins accepting applications for Young Leaders level
- Registration for New Manchester United Soccer Schools Season Opens with Huge Interest
- eHosting DataFort awarded BS 25999 Certification
- ALHOSN University unveils world-class IT services via upgraded website and online portal


text:
Performs independent nursing functions and delegated medical functions in accordance with accepted practice standards as defined by the Colorado Board of Nursing. The registered nurses assesses, plans, implements, and evaluates nursing care. Delivery of person-centered care through an interdisciplinary plan of care and care coordination activities.
View all jobs and learn more
about working SCL Health
HOSA-Future Health Professionals
6021 Morriss Road | Suite 111
Flower Mound, TX 75028
(800) email@example.com


text:
Added to Shopping Bag
Citizen Eco Drive Men's Watch
Listed by Morgan & Co
Price: $93.50
Returnable for site
You can request a return for Tradesy Site Credit within 4 days of delivery. FREE return shipping.
If your item was misrepresented in any way, file a Misrepresentation Claim within 4 days of delivery. Our team will review your claim and you may be eligible for a full refund.
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Eco Drive Men's Watch
Measurements: 9 x 1 x 1
$93.50 Shipping Included
Citizen Eco Drive Men's Watch
1 person saved this item
- Scratches on band
- Missing links
- Missing accessories (box, dustbag)
Minor scratches
Blue face watch, excellent used condition, light scratches on face
Length is very very approx as it's hard to measure this. No extra links.
9"L x 1"H x 1"W
Style Tags:
Tue 11/21/17 - Sat 11/25/17 (4-8 days)
Feel free to return this item for any reason and get Tradesy Site Credit. Use your credit to buy something that makes you happy. Just a heads up, purchases outside the U.S. are Final Sale.
Submit a return request within 4 days of delivery
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text:
By Anthony J. Lockwood
Dear Desktop Engineering Reader:
You know, I wanted to say something witty and incredibly insightful about Autodesk Inventor 2010 to induce you into hit the link in this message to check it out. Only, well … you know … you've probably read a ton of press and blogging out there on Autodesk Inventor 2010 already. Almost all of it good, insightful, and—alas—witty, too. What to do?
I considered telling you that I have watched Inventor evolve since before it was released. And that I have become more and more impressed with what it can do, how it does it, and why it means a lot to your success. I could point out that I have seen Inventor become a robust, all-round wise choice for any engineering outfit needing to jump a generation ahead of its competitors. But all sorts of people have said similar things.
Digital prototyping. Ah, now here I can rant, gesticulating madly and saying, "yes, Autodesk that's it. Get with the program engineers. Digital prototyping is the path that everyone should be on. This is how product development should work." But again, people a lot smarter than I have calmly explained that the Inventor application set enables you to implement collaborative workflows that converge design, simulation, tooling design, visualization, and communications into an innovation platform that also happens to save you time and money.
Then, quick study that I am not, it hit me. You don't need yet another yap-a-lotski imposing his opinion on you. While I happen to think that Inventor 2010 is terrific stuff, you are fully capable of making up your own mind. So, hit the link. Watch–without registering–videos of assembly design, tubing, sheet metal, plastic part design, and other innovation initiators. Read white papers without some database bugging you for your name, and sign up to get a complimentary 30-day trial DVD so that you can really check out what Inventor 2010 can do for you.
Thanks, pal. — Lockwood
Anthony J. Lockwood
Editor at Large, Desktop Engineering Magazine


text:
Stuffed chicken thighs pack big flavor -- and visually have a huge wow factor.
How to make stuffed chicken thighs
Yields 8 thighs
A stuffed chicken thigh is a thing of beauty if you can do it right. To make them, you have to channel your inner sword master and separate the thighbone from the rest of the chicken meat. The result is a perfect canvas for adding lots of fillings, like this pork lover's trio of cream cheese, bacon and sausage.
Don't think you can debone a chicken thigh? Have no fear! With these instructions and a little practice, you'll be a champ in no time. Besides, even a poorly deboned chicken thigh with bacon is great!
- 4 strips bacon
- 1/2 pound sausage
- 8 chicken thighs
- 1 cup cream cheese
- 2 tablespoons garlic powder
- 4 green onion greens, sliced
- Twine
- Salt and pepper
- 4 tablespoons olive oil
- Cooking spray
- First, cook the bacon and sausage in one pan until the bacon is crispy and the sausage is cooked through. Set the breakfast meats aside to cool.
- Next, it's time to debone the chicken. For this, you will need a very sharp knife.
- The first step is to find the long bone running through the middle of the thigh. You may need to make an incision into the meat of the chicken to get to it.
- Do your best to pull away the meat thigh with your fingers, then make an incision along the bone. This should start to separate the chicken from the bone.
- The second step is to pull on the bone so that it separates from the chicken.
- Third, cut away any smaller bones or tendons that are holding the bone in place. Pull the bone free.
- Finally, trim any bits of fat or tendon left.
- Repeat for all the thighs.
- Now, with your culinary canvases, it's time to make stuffed thighs. First, preheat your oven to 350 degrees F.
- Mix the bacon, sausage, cream cheese, garlic powder and green onion greens. Spoon some of the mixture onto each thigh, then close and wrap with twine. Repeat for all thighs, then sprinkle with salt and pepper.
- Pour the olive oil into a skillet and get it hot over medium-high heat. Cook the chicken, skin side down for 4 minutes. Flip and cook for 2 minutes then put the chicken in the oven for 20 minutes or until it is done all the way through.
More you can do with chicken
Beer can chicken
Buttermilk fried chicken with green onion gravy
Andrea's chicken scampi


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Air New Zealand delivers uniquely Kiwi journeys to more than 13 million passengers who fly to, from and within New Zealand each year. The airline operates more than 4,000 flights each week, connecting customers to 26 destinations within New Zealand and to Australia, the Pacific Islands, Indonesia, China, Japan, Canada, USA and the United Kingdom.
In recent years Air New Zealand has earned a global reputation as one of the world's most innovative airlines. Recent innovations have included the new Economy Skycouch as part of its new long-haul experience, the all black painted Boeing 777-300ER - the world's largest commercially operated aircraft to be painted all black, and the end of the check-in queue for domestic and some international passengers thanks to a raft of new technologies.
Partnering with international celebrities such as Bear Grylls, Snoop Lion and Jesse Tyler Ferguson to share brand, retail and safety messages in a fresh and innovative way enables the airline to engage with a wide audience and further build an already strong brand globally.
In 2014, Air New Zealand will become the worldwide launch customer of the Boeing 787-9 aircraft, which will transform global air travel.
Visit www.airnewzealand.co.nz or theflyingsocialnetwork.com for news, competitions and more.


text:
Schedule: tbcSession Chair: tbc
Schedule: Thursday Nov 29, 03:15 - 03:30pmSpeakers: Vladimir Bodnartchouk (ActiveEon) Marina Deslaugiers (Orange) Bruno Dillenseger (Orange) Daniel Stern (Orange)Abstract: This presentation shows how the 2 OW2 frameworks CLIF and ProActive are successfully used together in order to provide Cloud Enabled Load Injection.
Schedule: Thursday Nov 29, 03:30 - 03:45pmSpeaker: Gianfranco Boccalon, Spagic - Engineering GroupAbstract: The Public Administration in the Republic of Lebanon has adopted Spagic to develop an infrastructure supporting the realization of eServices, which allows citizens to request for specific services delivered by the Public Administration, through the portal of the Office of the Minister of State for Administrative Reform (OMSAR). Citizens can submit various types of service requests on-line, such as requests for registration certificates. At any time users can check the status of the submitted requests: in progress; need for additional documentation; incoming communications sent by the administration; outcome. During the project development, particular attention was paid to the realization of the tools that had been provided by the operators of the various administrations, in order to dynamically create new eServices. This project is an important step forward in the Lebanese public administration's IT infrastructure innovation path. This is not only the result of the adoption of a completely open source solution. It also allows a greater involvement of citizens in the management of administration activities, with a particular focus on delivering efficient services and transparent information. The speech provides an overview on the project state of the art and the obtained results. Participation of some OMSAR representatives to be confirmed.
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