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Classic Caramel Corn
Follow manufacturer's instructions for popping popcorn in the Orville Redenbacher's® Caramel Corn Maker by Presto. Discard any unpopped kernels; set aside popped corn in separate bowl. Allow popping/mixing bowl to cool for 4 to 5 minutes. Remove excess oil and hulls from base with a paper towel. Place popping/mixing bowl onto base and remove cover.
Combine butter, brown sugar, and corn syrup in the popping/mixing base. Plug the base into an electrical outlet and heat mixture. Stir continuously with a non-metallic spoon until butter is melted and bubbles begin appearing on the surface of the mixture. Boil without stirring for 1 minute.
Unplug and stir in baking soda. This will cause the mixture to foam. Pour popped corn into the bowl and begin stirring until popcorn is evenly coated with caramel sauce.
Pour the coated popcorn onto a rimmed cookie sheet. Allow to cool completely.
Orville Redenbacher's® is a registered trademark of ConAgra Foods RDM, Inc., used under license. Presto is a registered trademark of National Presto Industries, Inc.
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Focus on . . . Warrington
The new enterprise zone is set to bring a boost to this North West town
Warrington has excellent transport links, is close to Manchester and Liverpool and will soon be home to the only new government enterprise zone in the North West, at the Daresbury Science Campus, which means lots of investment, superfast broadband and jobs. Warrington might seem a tad dull, but it has always been at the forefront of exciting economic developments. It was here, in 1987, that Ikea opened its first UK store.
What's new?
At Chapelford Urban Village, The Winstone, a four-bedroom detached home, is £349,995, from David Wilson Homes.
Architectural gems
There is a stained-glass window dedicated to characters from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland in All Saints' Church, Daresbury — Lewis Carroll (Charles Dodgson) was born there. And don't forget the Transporter Bridge, which straddles the…

subset: commoncrawl


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Minding our Elders: Preserve elder dignity with adult communication
DEAR CAROL: My wife tells me that I need to watch the words I use when I talk to or about her mother who has Alzheimer's. Why does it matter? My mother-in-law often doesn't respond to a lot of what we say, so I don't get why the words we use matter that much.
While I don't say bad things, it seems to me that calling a spade a spade makes more sense. Isn't that more clear and understandable? – Chris
DEAR CHRIS: You are right if you're thinking that talking about just one idea at a time is helpful. Presenting a lot of information does make understanding difficult for the person with dementia. That being said, the labels we use do matter.
Whether or not your mother-in-law seems to know the difference isn't the issue. It's a matter of respect. If she does understand, she may be more likely to respond well to respectful terms. However, even if she becomes non-responsive to what people say, your own words may affect how you treat her.
Put yourself into the place of someone with dementia. You're attending adult day care every afternoon, but day care is a term traditionally associated with children. How much better would it be for you if you were told that you are going to the club? This kind of phrasing can allow people with dementia to save face as well as feel that they have a purpose, both of which are important to self-esteem.
Here's another example. You are incontinent. Would you like to have are caregiver announce that it's time to change your diaper? Diaper is a word associated with babies. Being discreet about time and place, plus using terms like pad or even underwear, comes across as much more respectful.
My overriding concern, however, is that caregivers understand that adults with dementia do not turn into children, and should not be treated as such. The words we use matter.
Phrases like "parenting our parents" and "role reversal" bother me. I understand why adult children who are caring for their parents often use them. Even some professionals use them because they are descriptive terms that make sense when interacting with adult children who have had to take over complete care of their parents. However, it's well known that the words we speak can affect how we think and therefore act toward others.
Yes, some elders need incontinence protection, pureed food, careful monitoring and endless patience. However, the losses that have occurred do not erase the life they've lived and the dignity they've earned. They have the legacy behind them of a life lived and they should be treated with the respect due an elder.
The danger lies in that if we think what we are doing for them is "parenting," we may start, well, parenting them. It will show in our attitude toward them, which then can become close to disrespect. Throughout my many years of elder care I never felt that I was changing roles with my parents. I was helping them. I was their primary caregiver. However, I was still their daughter and they were still my parents.
Keep in mind that words can direct actions and you'll be fine. Sometimes it's simply a matter of thinking things through.


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The Arenal area is famous for a reason – its surrounded by an abundance of rainforest and has a picture-perfect volcano at its front door. Not surprisingly, many of the activities within this region center upon the outdoors – there are canopy tours, hikes through the Arenal Volcano National Park, fishing on Lake Arenal, and more. In addition to these, a number of geothermal hot springs dot the area, providing visitors with the ultimate way to relax after a long day spent exploring Arenal.
The Arenal Springs Resort is the perfect getaway for guests looking to remain close to nature but still retain the comfort and amenities of a modern hotel. Indeed, from nearly any location at the resort – the pool, the restaurant, or even your room – you can easily spot the Arenal Volcano.
The swimming pool and surrounding deck is a pleasant place to spend the afternoon or evening. There is both an adult and children's swimming pool, as well as a wet bar, where guests can order a number of refreshing drinks while still in the water. The resort's Natria Spa offers all kinds of treatments, including hot stone massages, pedicures, manicures, body wraps, and Swedish massages.
Every morning a complimentary breakfast is served in the restaurant. Lunch and dinner can be enjoyed from a menu that specializes in meats and seafood. The atmosphere is excellent and the food is varied – there are both local favorites and international meals to be tried.
All of the resort's colonial-style cabins offer impressive and unobstructed views of the Arenal Volcano. The cabins have vaulted ceilings and large bay windows, and well as a spacious private bathroom with a garden-style shower. Rooms have either one king size bed or two queen size beds (both of which have orthopedic mattresses), air conditioning, ceiling fan, cable TV, and a mini-fridge. Outside, each has a private covered porch with leather rocking chairs and a coffee table. The resort also offers two cabins that are handicap accessible.
Arenal Springs has a stable of horses and operates a 2.5 hour horse tour that leads to an observation point for the Arenal Volcano. For more information about the tour, or to make reservations, please click this link or write to [email protected]
By taxi, La Fortuna is 5 minutes and the Tabacon Hot Springs is 7 minutes. All mini-bus shuttles and Tours offered by Arenal.net include pick-up and drop-off at the resort for no extra charge.
Arenal Springs Resort Facilities
Swimming pool, kids pool, trails, gardens, laundry service, private transport, wet bar, restaurant, spa, mini gym, conference room, currency exchange, volcano view, internet access, private parking, room service, wheelchair accessible, free breakfast, 24-hour security, hot springs onsite.
Air conditioning, cable TV, ceiling fan, refrigerator, telephone, security deposit box, private bathroom, hot water, hairdryer, coffee maker, terrace, wireless internet
All rooms come equipped with king or queen size beds, a private hot water bathroom, cable TV, air conditioning, ceiling fan, refrigerator, telephone, security deposit box, hairdryer, coffee maker, and terrace.
Junior Suites - these suites have either one king size bed or two queen size beds. All have a rollaway bed. They can sleep four people.


text: Static electricity EN 1149-5 Fabric requirements TenCate solutions Fabric requirements Protective clothing with anti-static properties is manufactured from fabrics with anti-static fibres. Different types of anti-static fibres are available in the market and have their own performance charactaristics. It is important to know what type of anti-static fibre is applied into the fabric. In principal there are two different types of anti-static fibre: Surface resistivity fibres (tested according EN 1149-1) Metal (Bekinox) and carbon fibres (Negastat P210) are good examples of surface resistivity solutions. To protect the wearer it is very important that the protective clothing is grounded to earth. This can be achieved by a direct line with a ground (wrist bands) or via anti-static shoes and special conductive floors. In some working environments this could be very difficult to achieve. Core conductive fibres (tested according EN 1149-3) Carbon is the product that is mainly used as the anti-static component in core conductive fibres (Static-Control™, Negastat P190 and P140 used in Nomex® Comfort). These fibres are able to discharge via corona effect – which means that the static charge is discharged to air and secures more protection in environments where grounding to the earth is impractical. It is strongly recommend that clothing to protect against static charges should also be fire resisting.


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In many cell lines, glutamate cytotoxicity is known to be mediated by an inhibition of cystine transport. Because glutamate and cystine share the same transporter, elevated levels of extracellular glutamate competitively inhibit cystine transport leading to depletion of intracellular glutathione. A glutathione-depleted state impairs cellular antioxidant defenses resulting in oxidative stress. It was therefore of interest to investigate whether proglutathione agents, e.g.,N-acetylcysteine and lipoic acid, are able to protect against glutamate cytotoxicity. Both lipoic acid (100 μM-1 mM) and N-acetylcysteine (100 μM-1 mM) completely protected C6 cells from the glutamate-induced cell death. Both agents facilitate extracellular supply of cysteine, the reduced form of cystine, that is transported into the cell by a glutamate-insensitive transport mechanism. Protection by lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine corresponded with a sparing effect on cellular glutathione, which is usually depleted after glutamate treatment. In the presence ofl-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine, a γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase inhibitor, low doses (<100 μM) of lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine did not protect cells against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. At higher concentrations (>500 μM), however, both lipoic acid andN-acetylcysteine provided partial protection against glutamate cytotoxicity even in glutathione synthesis-arrested cells. These results indicate that at low concentrations the primary mechanism of protection by the thiol antioxidants was mediated by their proglutathione property rather than direct scavenging of reactive oxygen. At higher concentrations (>500 μM), a GSH-independent direct antioxidant effect of lipoic acid andN-acetylcysteine was observed. Dichlorofluorescin fluorescence, a measure of intracellular peroxides, increased sixfold after glutamate treatment of C6 cells. Lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine treatment significantly lowered glutamate-induced dichlorofluorescin fluorescence compared with that of controls. Interestingly, α-tocopherol (50 μM) also suppressed glutamate-induced dichlorofluorescin fluorescence, indicating the peroxides detected by dichlorofluorescin were likely lipid hydroperoxides. Both thiol antioxidants, particularly lipoic acid, appear to have remarkable therapeutic potential in protecting against neurological injuries involving glutamate and oxidative stress.
- lipoic acid
- dihydrolipoic acid
- N-acetylcysteine
- glutathione
- oxidative stress
elevated levels of extracellular glutamate are responsible for neuronal damage and degeneration in brain disorders, including stroke, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease (10). In vitro studies have characterized two major mechanisms of glutamate cytotoxicity: excitotoxicity and cystine transport inhibition-related oxidative stress. Excitotoxicity in mature neurons is mediated throughN-methyl-d-aspartate and other glutamate receptors (9). Excess glutamate exposure to neurons leads to membrane depolarization that, if prolonged, leads to cell death. The oxidative stress pathway of glutamate cytotoxicity is the end result of simultaneous inhibition of cystine transport and enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (29). Cysteine is the rate-limiting amino acid substrate for intracellular glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Because of its redox instability, almost all of the extracellular cysteine is present in the oxidized cystine state (11). Thus extracellular cystine is the primary source of intracellular cysteine necessary for GSH synthesis. Glutamate and cystine share the same amino acid transporter, the system (3), and therefore compete for transport into cells. Under conditions of elevated extracellular glutamate levels, cystine transport is inhibited, resulting in depletion of cellular GSH. Depletion of GSH, the major cellular antioxidant, results in increased vulnerability of the cell to oxidative stress (29). Peroxides generated by lipoxygenase (29) and monoamine oxidase (25) activity may contribute to oxidative stress that ultimately leads to the death of GSH-depleted cells.
The induction of oxidative stress by glutamate has been demonstrated to be the primary cytotoxic mechanism in cell lines, including C6 and PC-12 cells (14, 23), immature cortical neurons (30), and oligodendroglia cells (32). Antioxidants such as tocopherol and probucol (20) are highly effective in protecting these cells from glutamate cytotoxicity (23, 29, 31). There is growing evidence that a disruption of intracellular redox homeostasis by glutamate is a major contributing mechanism of cellular damage in vivo. Cerebral ischemia has been associated with an 800% increase in extracellular glutamate (5) and a decrease in brain GSH levels (44). In addition cerebral ischemia is known to be associated with increased generation of reactive oxygen species, and antioxidants such as vitamin E have been demonstrated to have protective effects (6). Elevated levels of extracellular glutamate are known to be implicated in neurodegeneration associated with Parkinson's disease. Consistently, substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease have depleted glutathione levels (15). Although there is a strong association between elevated levels of extracellular glutamate and tissue GSH depletion in vivo, it is not known whether this GSH depletion is the result of glutamate inhibition of cystine uptake or the result of enhanced GSH consumption during oxidative stress. Regardless of the cause, GSH depletion increases the vulnerability of the cell to damage in response to both excitotoxicity and oxidative stress components of glutamate cytotoxicity. Antioxidants, especially pro-GSH agents, may therefore be expected to be of marked therapeutic value in many neurological disorders having a glutamate-dependent pathophysiology (6).
Clinically safe thiol antioxidants such as lipoic acid (LA) andN-acetylcysteine (NAC) are receiving considerable attention primarily because of their efficacy in enhancing cellular GSH levels and also because of their direct reactive oxygen-scavenging properties (33, 41). LA, a disulfide, is enzymatically converted to the corresponding dithiol dihydrolipoate (DHLA) by cells (17). LA has been clinically used for the therapeutic treatment of diabetic polyneuropathies (49). NAC has been therapeutically used for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS; 19), which is associated with increased plasma glutamate levels and low T cell GSH levels (11). Although structurally very different, both LA and NAC treatments have been shown to overcome glutamate inhibition of cystine transport and increase cellular GSH levels in lymphocytes (16, 43). Using the C6 glial cells that are known to be susceptible to glutamate cytotoxicity by the cystine inhibition-oxidative stress pathway (23), we investigated the protective mechanisms of LA and NAC against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity.
Reagents.(R,S)-racemic lipoic acid and racemic dihydrolipoic acid were provided by ASTA Medica (Frankfurt, Germany). Glutathione, α-tocopherol,N-acetylcysteine,l-glutamic acid, andl-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO), were purchased from Sigma Chemical (St. Louis, MO). 2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate (DCFH) was purchased from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR). Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), trypsin-EDTA, and Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were obtained from Life Technologies (Gaithersburg, MD). Fetal bovine serum was obtained from Gemini (Calabasas, CA). It should be noted that a change in serum batch from the same manufacturer changed the concentration of glutamate required to induce cytotoxicity from 10 to 20 mM. Therefore, all experiments reported here were carried out with the same batch of serum. Sodium pyruvate and penicillin-streptomycin were obtained from the Cell Culture Facility at the University of California (San Francisco, CA). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade solvents were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ).
Cell culture. C6 glial cells (rat glial tumor cell line) were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD). Three different batches of C6 cells were purchased from ATCC on three different occasions. At 10 mM, glutamate was cytotoxic to one batch (F-12612) of cells. All experiments reported here were carried out with this batch of cells. A higher (20 mM) concentration of glutamate was required to achieve comparable cytotoxicity response in another batch (F-13978) of cells that was obtained later.
C6 cells were routinely grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% serum and 100 U/ml penicillin-streptomycin at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 95% air-5% CO2. All experiments were performed under the following protocol: cells grown to 85–95% confluency were trypsinized and subcultivated in culture dishes at a concentration of 0.25 × 106 cells per milliliter. The cells were continually cultured at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 95% air-5% CO2 until the conclusion of the experiments.
Cell treatment. In all the experiments, glutamate, LA, NAC, and BSO were dissolved in PBS for treatment of cells. All the solutions were sterilized through a 0.2-μm Millipore (Bedford, MA) filter. Control samples were treated with the corresponding amount of PBS. α-Tocopherol in ethanol (0.1% vol/vol final concn) was added directly to the cell culture medium. The corresponding control was treated with the same volume of ethanol alone. Glutamate, BSO, LA, NAC, or α-tocopherol was added to the culture medium during cell seeding at final concentrations as indicated in the respective Figs. 1 and 3-8.
Determination of cell viability Cell viability was assayed using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage as previously described by Murphy et al. (29). After the experiments were completed, culture medium was removed from plates and centrifuged (500g × 5 min). The cells that detached from the monolayer following glutamate treatment were separated by centrifugation of the growth medium. The supernatant medium was mixed with an equal volume of bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution (5% in PBS) to help stabilize LDH activity in the solution for storage at 4°C (12). The pelleted detached cells were washed once with PBS and treated with a lysis buffer (Triton X-100 0.5% vol/vol in PBS). The resulting lysate was mixed with an equal volume of the BSA solution for storage at 4°C. Attached cells were washed with PBS and treated with the lysis buffer and BSA solution as described above for detached cells. LDH activity was measured from the samples spectophotometrically (40) within 2 days of storage. Cell viability was determined using the following formula: viability = attached cell LDH activity/total LDH activity (medium LDH activity + detached cell LDH activity + attached cell LDH activity) (29).
HPLC-electrochemical detection of GSH.At the end of the each experiment, C6 cells were washed with ice-cold PBS, treated with 2% monochloroacetic acid, and scraped. All the samples were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C until HPLC analysis. Immediately before the assay, samples were thawed, vortexed, and then centrifuged at 15,000g for 2 min. The clear supernatant was removed and injected into the HPLC system.
GSH measurements were performed with an HPLC system using electrochemical detection with either a BAS (West Lafayette, IN) amperometric detector (1) or ESA (Chelmsford, MA) coulometric detector (18). An Alltech (Deerfield, IL) Altima C-18 (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm pore size) column was used for GSH separation in both methods. GSH values were expressed in milligrams of protein. Protein was determined using the Bio-Rad DC assay kit (Hercules, CA).
Flow cytometric assay of intracellular peroxides. Intracellular peroxides were detected using DCFH as described by Cathcart et al. (8). Following treatment and incubation with glutamate and various antioxidants, cells were washed three times with PBS. Cells were then detached from monolayer using trypsin and centrifuged. Cells were again washed with PBS and centrifuged. The cells were resuspended in PBS and incubated with DCFH (50 μM) for 30 min at 37°C. Cells were then excited with a 488-nm ultraviolet line argon ion laser in a flow cytometer (XL, Coulter, Miami, FL), and the 530-nm emission was recorded in fluorescence channel 1 (FL1). Data were collected from 10,000 viable cells.
Data presentation. Results are expressed as means ± SD of at least three independent experiments. Differences were determined by Student'st-test and analysis of variance withP < 0.05 as the minimum level of significance. Histograms illustrate typical flow cytometry data of three experiments.
Effect of LA and NAC on C6 GSH levels.LA treatment (>100 μM) significantly (P < 0.01) increased C6 cell GSH levels. At 1 mM concentration and 24-h treatment time, LA increased C6 cell GSH level to almost fourfold of the level found in LA nontreated control cells. NAC, on the other hand, did not influence cellular GSH levels in either the micromolar or millimolar range when administered to C6 cells for 24 h (Fig. 1).
Time course of GSH depletion and cytotoxicity in response to glutamate treatment. Treatment of C6 cells with 10 mM glutamate resulted in a time-dependent decrease in cell GSH (Fig.2 A) and viability (Fig. 2 B). Excess glutamate was cytotoxic to C6 cells, when added to cells at or within several hours of passage of confluent cells. It has been shown (23) that glutamate has a dose-dependent effect on cell viability with maximum effect occurring at 10 mM for C6 cells. A similar cytotoxic dose response of glutamate at 10 mM was observed in this study (data not shown).
DCF in response to glutamate treatment. Deesterified DCFH is known to be converted to fluorescent dichlorofluorescin (DCF) following reaction with organic and inorganic hydroperoxides (8). Our flow cytometry data show that C6 cells incubated with 10 mM glutamate for 18 h had accumulated intracellular peroxides (Fig.3). Following 18 h of exposure to elevated levels of glutamate, peroxide build-up was observed in the entire population, but a subpopulation of cells as shown by the shoulder on the right (Fig. 3 B) had particularly high DCF fluorescence. Glutamate-induced accumulation of intracellular peroxides was markedly increased in BSO-treated GSH deficient cells (Fig. 3, B vs.C).
Protection of C6 cells against glutamate cytotoxicity by thiol antioxidants. Treatment of cells with either LA or NAC significantly protected cells from glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner with a maximum effect being reached around 100 μM for both thiol antioxidants (Fig.4, A andB). Similarly, protection against glutamate cytotoxicity was also evident in cells treated with α-tocopherol (50 μM). Both LA and NAC treatment of cells prevented the marked decline of cellular GSH levels that normally occurs after glutamate treatment (Fig. 5). Even when challenged with 10 mM glutamate, 100 μM LA-treated cells maintained 80% of the resting cellular GSH levels. NAC treatment (100 μM) was not as effective and could maintain only 50% of the GSH level found in glutamate-nontreated control cells. Even in the presence of 10 mM glutamate, 1 mM LA increased cell GSH levels to fourfold of that found in untreated controls cells.
Thiol antioxidant protection against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity: role of cell glutathione. In the presence of 200 μM BSO, 100 μM of LA or NAC failed to protect cells from glutamate cytotoxicity (Fig. 6). However, at 500 μM NAC could completely protect cells from glutamate-induced cell death even in the presence of BSO. Higher concentration of LA (500 μM-1 mM) protected only 50% of cells from glutamate cytotoxicity in GSH synthesis-arrested cells. BSO, by itself, had no effect on cell viability, suggesting that GSH deficiency alone was not fatal at least for a short time.
The simultaneous treatment of glutamate and BSO further depleted cell GSH levels to almost undetectable levels (Fig. 7). In GSH synthesis-arrested cells, LA treatment did not increase cell GSH. Both LA (500 μM-1 mM) and α-tocopherol (50 μM) protected cells against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity even when cellular GSH level was 99% depleted. NAC (500 μM-1 mM) treatment spared 10% of the cells' GSH levels even in the presence of BSO.
Protection by thiol antioxidants against intracellular peroxide accumulation. Following 18 h of glutamate treatment, the time point when cell viability begins to decline, we examined DCF fluorescence to get an indication of cellular oxidant status at a time just preceding cell death. Glutamate treatment markedly increased DCF fluorescence compared with corresponding control cells (Figs. 3 and 8). The thiol antioxidants completely protected cells against glutamate treatment-dependent oxidant build-up (Fig. 3, D andE). Cells treated with 1 mM LA, glutamate, and BSO were only partly (50%) viable, and the viable cells had peroxides levels intermediate between that of control and glutamate-treated cells. α-Tocopherol treatment also completely protected against peroxide build-up in glutamate-treated cells (Fig. 3,B vs.F). BSO, which depleted GSH levels, did not increase cellular DCF fluorescence, although GSH levels were markedly low. However, cells treated with both glutamate and BSO had the highest DCF fluorescence (Fig. 8 and Fig.3 C) and almost undetectable levels of GSH (Figs. 7 and8).
Mechanism by which thiol antioxidants overcome glutamate inhibition of cystine transport. The intracellular levels of GSH in most cells are determined by the system, which mediates cellular import of cystine, and the ASC system, a neutral amino acid transporter that mediates the cellular import of cysteine (4). Because of rapid autooxidation of cysteine to cystine, almost all of the cyst(e)ine present in biological systems is oxidized cystine. For example, plasma cysteine-to-cystine ratio has been estimated to be 1:10 in favor of the oxidized form (24, 39) while cell culture medium consists of 100% cystine. The nonavailability of cysteine in culture media leaves cultured cells dependent on cystine transport for GSH synthesis. Because cystine and glutamate share the same transport system, elevation of glutamate level in the plasma or extracellular fluids will impair cystine transport. This will restrict cysteine availability within the cell for GSH synthesis resulting in lower cell GSH and thus increased vulnerability of the cell to oxidative stress. Glutamate inhibition of cystine transport has been proposed to be involved in disorders such as cerebral ischemia (29) and AIDS (11).
One strategy to overcome the adverse effect of high glutamate on cell GSH metabolism is to improve the bioavailability of cysteine. Cysteine uptake by cells is not glutamate sensitive, and therefore this strategy should help normalize GSH biosynthesis even in the presence of elevated levels of extracellular glutamate. LA administered to cells is known to be rapidly reduced intracellularly to DHLA at the expense of cellular-reducing equivalents, and DHLA is released into the medium (17, 38). DHLA is a strong reducing agent with a standard reduction potential of −320 mV and can chemically reduce extracellular cystine to cysteine. As a result, even in the presence of elevated levels of extracellular glutamate, cysteine supply for GSH synthesis inside the cell is restored (16, 43). NAC treatment, on the other hand, is believed to be transported into cells and deacetylated to form cysteine (45). There is also evidence that NAC may form mixed disulfides with cysteine that are transported into cells by several amino acid transporters (22, 37). Both LA and NAC treatment can thus bypass glutamate inhibition of cystine transport by improving cysteine bioavailability within the cell and therefore have remarkable therapeutic potential (41).
Thiol antioxidant protection against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. Both LA and NAC treatment enhanced cellular GSH levels and clearly protected C6 cells from glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. Treatment of 100 μM of LA or NAC to cells could not completely restore cellular GSH levels, with LA maintaining 80% and NAC maintaining only 50% of the level of GSH found in glutamate nontreated control cells. Uhlig and Wendel (47) have suggested that a drop in cellular GSH to ∼10% of normal levels should not affect cellular function and integrity significantly. So although LA or NAC pretreatment did not restore GSH levels completely, both thiol agents helped sustain high enough levels of GSH to maintain antioxidant defense even in the presence of glutamate. The observation that a low micromolar dose (100 μM) of LA or NAC could not protect cells from glutamate cytotoxicity in the presence of BSO indicates that at low concentrations the primary mechanism for the protection provided by LA and NAC is dependent on the ability of these thiol antioxidants to favorably influence cellular GSH metabolism. At higher doses (≥500 μM), both LA and NAC protected against glutamate cytotoxicity even in GSH synthesis-arrested cells, suggesting that the effects at these concentrations were independent of the pro-GSH properties of LA and NAC. Previously, transcription regulatory effects of both LA (42) and NAC (48) have been observed to be independent of the pro-GSH properties of these compounds. The protective effects of high concentrations of LA and NAC against glutamate cytotoxicity even in BSO-treated cells is of mechanistic interest but may have little physiological relevance because such high concentrations are unlikely to be achieved in tissue after supplementation of these agents. Pharmaceutical studies have shown that LA given orally to rats may reach up to 70 μM in plasma (36), although a human oral study reported less (46). NAC oral studies reveal that up to 25 μM can be seen in human plasma after oral intake (21).
Glutamate-induced peroxide accumulation. Several researchers have used DCF fluorescence to determine intracellular peroxide levels after glutamate treatment (29). In this work, a similar DCF increase was observed in cells treated with glutamate. The build-up of intracellular peroxides after glutamate treatment may be associated with the simultaneous GSH depletion within the cell. Under normal conditions, GSH peroxidase, using GSH as substrate, effectively decomposes both organic and inorganic peroxides in cells (13). However, severe depletion of cellular GSH stores, as observed following glutamate treatment, may impair GSH peroxidase function and result in peroxide build-up. Thus glutamate-induced peroxide accumulation inside the cell was markedly increased in GSH synthesis-arrested cells. The peroxides detected by DCF fluorescence in glutamate-treated cells were likely lipid peroxides because α-tocopherol treatment was able to alleviate glutamate-enhanced DCF fluorescence. There is little evidence and possibility that a lipophilic antioxidant such as α-tocopherol would scavenge high levels of aqueous hydrogen peroxide, whereas there is strong evidence that α-tocopherol is highly effective in terminating lipid peroxidation reactions. Our hypothesis is supported by a recent observation (31) that glutamate treatment of PC-12 cells induced lipid peroxidation. Given the catalytic nature of lipid hydroperoxides, if GSH peroxidase cannot function to remove a small amount of peroxides, the potential generation of further lipid peroxidation is greatly increased especially in the presence of iron. The impairment of GSH peroxidase-dependent metabolism of hydroperoxides due to lack of GSH may be a key aspect of glutamate cytotoxicity. The thiol antioxidants thus counteracted and alleviated the build-up of intracellular peroxides in response to glutamate treatment by ensuring adequate substrate supply for glutathione peroxidase function. This protective effect of thiol antioxidants may be a sum of their effects in preventing glutamate-induced loss of cellular GSH and direct reactive oxygen-scavenging properties. High levels of thiol antioxidants were able to suppress glutamate-induced increase in DCF fluorescence even in BSO-treated GSH-deficient cells. This may be the result of intracellular NAC and DHLA decomposing peroxides both enzymatically (26) and nonenzymatically (2, 34) .
Elevated levels of glutamate have been implicated in a wide range of neurological diseases, including epilepsy, cerebral ischemia, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Receptor-mediated glutamate excitotoxicity is believed to be a major mechanism of damage in these pathologies (10). Consequently, treatment for many glutamate-associated neurological disorders has focused on glutamate receptor biology. Although the cystine inhibition-oxidative stress pathway requires 100 times more glutamate than the receptor-mediated excitotoxicity pathway of glutamate-induced cell death, GSH depletion should not be ruled out as a contributing mechanism underlying glutamate-related neurological damage. The observations that GSH is depleted in certain regions of the brain after cerebral ischemia (35) and in Parkinson's disease (15) lend support to this idea. Enhancement of tissue GSH by proglutathione drugs may therefore be expected to be of therapeutic value. However, GSH modulation in the brain is complicated by the fact that the blood-brain barrier can obstruct the passage of a number of drugs. A NAC tracer study detected radiolabeled NAC in all areas of the body except the central nervous system (27). LA, on the other hand, has not only been reported to cross the blood-brain barrier (35), but also has been shown to increase GSH in certain areas of rat brains after intravenous injection. In addition, LA treatment has been shown in two cerebral ischemia models to protect against reperfusion injury and GSH depletion in the brain (7, 35). Another intriguing aspect of LA has been reported by Muller and Krieglstein (28), who showed that pretreatment of 1 μM LA can protect chick neurons from excitotoxicity induced by glutamate treatment. Our work and the work by Muller and Krieglstein demonstrate that LA can protect cells from both excitotoxicity and cystine-inhibtion oxidative stress aspects of glutamate. The complete protection of LA against glutamate cytotoxicity observed in this study may explain the remarkable efficacy of LA in protecting rats against cerebral ischemia injury as reported before. In view of the above-mentioned properties of LA, it may be concluded that LA has remarkable therapeutic potential in protecting against neurological injuries involving glutamate and oxidative stress.
This research was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Grant DK-50430.
Address for reprint requests: C. K. Sen, 251 Life Science Addition, Dept. of Molecular and Cell Biology, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200.
- Copyright © 1997 the American Physiological Society


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The growth in online shopping and banking has been matched by increasingly widespread risk. Phishing emails that point recipients to a bogus (or "spoofed") website that looks like the real thing have become more and more insidious. Their aim is to trick users into divulging their usernames, passwords and other confidential information that the perpetrators can then use to commit all kinds of crime based on identity fraud.
Perpetrators are looking for more than just bank account information. Originally targeted at well-known financial institutions, phishing now has a more diverse range of victims. Institutions like Citibank, eBay and PayPal have been joined by a host of social networking and gambling websites.
The risk to business and other organizations is clear: stolen information can seriously undermine an organization's online reputation, bringing considerable risk to its operations and potentially resulting in legal liability.
The difficulties lie both in recognizing these spoofed websites, most of which are almost impossible to distinguish from genuine ones, and in keeping up with the latest tricks. As computer users become more savvy about phished URLs, cybercriminals have come up with more tricks.
In "vishing", or voice phishing, scammers use VoIP to build bogus switchboard systems, mimicking those of online organizations. They then spam out emails claiming to come from those companies, but rather than including a link to a bogus website, they instead provide a phone number. Similarly, "phaxing" emails tell the recipient to fax back a form with banking and other details.
The prevalence of phishing and email fraud has made people wary of giving out personal information online. Mistakenly, we trust fax and phone numbers because we don't think fraudsters will bother with the effort and cost needed to set them up.
Protecting your organization from being phished, and individuals from falling prey to such attacks, relies heavily on education and best practice. But this is not enough.
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17 Nov 2017
Skype faces fine after refusing to allow eavesdropping
The trouble began when authorities came knocking, wanting to listen in on organised crime
Twitter gets tough on white supremacists with new policy
Verified user badges are not an endorsement and and you can't be sure they'll always be there
- 2017
Sophos Ltd. All rights reserved.


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Ladybugs Cold or Hot Compress Bag
Make your aches and pains feel better using this ladybugs ice bag that works well as both a hot and cold compress. It has an easy screw-on plastic top, and the colorful, friendly design helps calm down injured children.


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Japan and Malaysia Tighten Commercial and Security Links
Tokyo Beefs Up Southeast Asian Relations to Help Offset China's Growing Assertiveness in Region
PUTRAJAYA, Malaysia—Japan and Malaysia pledged on Thursday to strengthen economic cooperation and bolster security ties, as China heightens its maritime assertiveness in Southeast Asia.
After meetings here, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will also visit the Philippines and Singapore, stressing Tokyo's intention to beef up its relationships with its southern neighbors. This is Mr. Abe's third trip to Southeast Asia since returning...


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The future of Portadown's jettisoned talisman Kevin Braniff could be finalised in the coming days.
Despite attracting interest from clubs in the Irish Premiership and Airtricity League, Braniff looks set for a new career in Australia.
Portadown have revealed that the 30-year-old had informed the club of his intentions to relocate Down Under.
In a brief statement posted on their official website, the Shamrock Park club said: "Transfer-listed Portadown striker, Kevin Braniff, has informed the club that he intends to relocate to Australia in February.
"Contractual issues between Kevin and Portadown FC are still in the process of being resolved and an update will be given once finalised."
It is hoped 'those contractual issues' can be sorted by the end of this week.
Braniff – who has two-and-a-half years left on his contract at Portadown – was placed on the transfer list back in November following a public fall-out with manager Ronnie McFall.
The former captain claimed he had been singled out for the club's poor run of form at that time, while McFall accused the player of being "disruptive".
Linfield, Cliftonville and Glentoran have all expressed an interest in the Ports talisman, regarded as the most gifted footballer in the Irish League.
Sligo Rovers from the Airtricity League were also monitoring the player's situation at Shamrock Park.


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Route Grade Votings
Total votes cast 74
Adjacent Routes
One thing that makes a route truly great is when it goes somewhere that you don't think is possible at the grade. Pleasure Dome must be one of the most classic examples of such a route. It is quite a hard E3 but it is only E3. Climb the rib to the right of the trench to a ledge. Step up to gain the flakeline and follow it rightwards with just enough runners and nowhere near enough foot-holds. Where it blanks out, make a hard move to a non-rest at the top of a rightwards-facing ramp. Move up to some good gear, then climb back down, then move up again and back down, and up and down. Finally pull up again, slightly right of the obvious line and move left to a ledge below the easy finishing corner. Sort your runners out to reduce the rope drag.
Login to your ROCKFAX account to add your comments - Search for comments.
A stunning route, but I must hold the record for the longest clean ascent, with epic amounts of faffing, gibbering and generally getting pumped out of my mind! :)
arghh no nick thought you made a good job of it! A clean ascent is a clean ascent after all!!
Absolutely amazing route, incredible position. Not a hard E3, but make sure you get your ropes sorted to avoid hideous rope drag at the top (unlike me who didn't and got stupidly pumped in the top grove as I had to pull up the ropes every time I made a move).
Surely one of the best E3s in Britain. Great moves in a stunning position and a spectacular butsafe fall potential from the crux.
Oh do I wish I had gone for it a bit more, had five or six attempts at the up from the niche move before slumping on the ropes for a cheeky rest. Quite a tricky move with hidden holds leads you to the end quickly, but you've got to want it! Tough for grade as pretty darn pumpy ,the move right is quite exciting and the rest ledge is just not quite good enough - you don't get more pumped, but you don't recover either! Classic line and pretty amazing position above the waves, awesome stuff!
There is a way of resting on that sloping ledge - but that would be telling.
Hard, particularly when greasy. The moves are okay but from the end of the easy (and excellent, the highlight of the route) bit of the traverse it all feels disconcertingly uphill. Good position to finish, which you'll probably notice most when you're looking down wondering if your ropes are stuck due to the drag ;).
Totally awesome route. Really easy crux, I thought, followed by a nifty rest on the sloping ramp. The rest holds were wet, but I still managed to de-pump enough. Great gear, quite easy and obvious to place. The rope drag kicks only kicks in when all the hard climbing is over, so that's ok. ;-)
wow Jus, you must be a really good climber, easy crux? wet holds! everyone bow to your superior!
Somewhat physical, but piles of excellent gear and massive holds all the way. Outstandingly good fun.
I had the same problem with wet holds on the 'rest' as Jus did, so this is worth noting because the route obviously takes some time to dry out after heavy rain.


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Invasion Iowa [TV Series] (2005)
Directed by Brendon Carter / Thomas SchlammeGenres - Reality Show [TV] | Sub-Genres - Prank/Candid-Camera [TV] | Run Time - 60 min. | Countries - USA |
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Synopsis by Hal Erickson
As anyone with even a nodding acquaintance with Star Trek can tell you, the (future) birthplace of Captain James T. Kirk is Riverside, Iowa. But how many of those people could tell that there really is a Riverside, Iowa, population 928? It is this cozy little farming community that serves as the locale of the four-part Spike TV reality series, Invasion Iowa. Imagine the surprise and delight of the Riverside citizenry when William Shatner himself shows up in town, ostensibly to film a big-budget sci-fi epic titled "Invasion Iowa," in which he is to star as "Colonel Shane Yeager." And not only Shatner, but a veritable army of filmmakers likewise descend upon Riverside, including Shatner's personal "spiritual advisor" Steve, short-tempered female studio executive Max, vainglorious leading lady Gryffyn, clumsy production assistant Herb, and Shatner's body double (and favorite nephew), Tiny. As the people of Riverside open their hearts, their homes and their businesses to the visitors from Hollywood, not a single one of them suspects that the entire affair is a hoax: there is no film in production called "Invasion Iowa" -- and except for Shatner, the movie personnel are all phonies! Of course, this being Spike TV, the cruel deception is played for all it is worth (and the worth is considerable!), climaxing with the episode in which we get to savor the reactions of the locals when they find out they've been hoodwinked. Debuting March 29, 2005, Invasion Iowa ended its brief run, appropriately enough, on the first of April.


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?Austin Co-Ed Softball League Tourney results
Written by Administrator
Wednesday, 15 October 2008 00:00
? Results of the recent tournament for the Austin Co-Ed Softball League were announced.
Hot Shots 16, New Harmony 9.
Waskom Ag 7, Teamsters 0.
Sliding Dirty 15, Dream Team 9.
Hot Shots 17, Park Place Addition 16.
Waskom Ag 26, Sliding Dirty 7.
Teamsters 7, Dream Team 0.
Park Place Addition 16, Teamsters 7.
New Harmony 7, Sliding Dirty 0.
Last Updated on Wednesday, 15 October 2008 10:20
?2008 Women's Health Night will be held on October 28 at SMH
Written by Administrator
Wednesday, 15 October 2008 00:00
? A night devoted to women and their health issues is scheduled for Tuesday, October 28, at Scott Memorial Hospital in Scottsburg.
Women's Health Night has been a popular event for the past several years at the local hospital. This year, women attending will get a sneak preview of state-of-the-art digital mammography equipment recently purchased by Scott Memorial.
Also included will be flu vaccinations, free bone density testing, free screenings and a selection of guest speakers. One of those speakers will be Dr. Suresh Kasaraneni, an orthopedic surgeon.
Last Updated on Wednesday, 15 October 2008 10:17
Read more...
?Austin, Scottsburg boys run at c-c invitationals
Written by Administrator
Wednesday, 15 October 2008 00:00
? Both the Austin High School and Scottsburg High School boys' cross country teams ran at the New Washington and Eastern invitationals held on September 29 and October 2.
At New Washington, Austin's Jeffery Johnson placed first in a time of 17:08,. With three other teammates placing in the top 12, the effort placed the Eagles first with a score of 45.
Last Updated on Wednesday, 15 October 2008 10:23
Read more...
?County's '09 budget hearings postponed
Written by Administrator
Wednesday, 15 October 2008 00:00
? Hearings on Scott County's proposed 2009 budget that were to be held Tuesday and Wednesday, October 14 and 15, have been postponed.
Councilmen have until December 1 to conduct such hearings. Those sessions are expected to be held later this month.
The County Council did meet briefly on Tuesday, October 14, to handle additional appropriations and other matters.
Last Updated on Wednesday, 15 October 2008 10:26
?Scott County's Clearinghouse having a trashy problem lately
Written by Marty Randall
Wednesday, 15 October 2008 00:00
? Though anonymous donors may have thought they were being helpful by dropping off contributions at the Scott County Clearinghouse when it was closed, their donations were, for the most part, not acceptable.
"During different times of the year, we seem to have this problem. People think that, because we are known for accepting donations of clothing and household goods as well as food, anything they'd like to get rid of is acceptable to us. That's not true," advised Nelson Spaulding, Director of the Clearinghouse.
The Community Clearinghouse is a non-profit agency located on Scottsburg's west side that is designed to help those who need aid. Its pantry has fed thousands over the past ten years, and the clothing and furniture donated by residents of the community have helped as many stretch their household budgets and provide some financial relief.
Last Updated on Wednesday, 22 October 2008 14:20
Read more...
More Articles...
?Celebrity dinner, silent auction planned October 16 by United Way
?Scaffold Lick Baptist Church to mark 190th anniversary October 14
?First annual Warrior Booster Club Golf Scramble on October 11
?Golfers raise nearly $2,300 for United Way Community Care Fund
Page 370 of 376


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MCDONOUGH, Ga., Sept. 17 (UPI) -- The Georgia Department of Transportation said a loose bovine causing traffic troubles at an interstate intersection has been caught after about six months.
Jill Goldberg, spokeswoman for the state Department of Transportation, said the animal, found to be a cow rather than the bull it was originally believed to be, wandered into a pen built to ensnare it Monday near the intersection of I-75 and I-675, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported Tuesday.
"We corralled it, then tranquilized it," Goldberg said.
The animal was first spotted wandering in the area about six months ago and DOT workers put a corral with water and food at a nearby maintenance facility in the hopes of ensnaring the bovine.
"It is on its way to somewhere better," Goldberg said.
She did not reveal the ultimate fate of the cow.


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Director Anand L. Rai is basking in the success of his latest love saga "Raanjhanaa", but he has confessesed he is already missing working with actors Dhanush and Sonam Kapoor. He hopes to work with them again.
"For me, my actors never remain actors. I develop a personal bonding with them and I miss them," Anand said here in an interview.
"Raanjhanaa" marked Dhanush's Bollywood debut. It also features Abhay Deol, Swara Bhaskar and Mohammed Zeeshan Ayyub, besides Sonam.
During the shooting of the film, Rai developed a good rapport with the cast.
"After I completed this film, I felt a kind of edginess inside me. I was like, 'After two months Zeeshan (Mohammed Zeeshan Ayyub) will be shooting somewhere else, Dhanush will be shooting somewhere and so will Sonam and Swara'... So I become a bit edgy," he added.
Meanwhile, on being asked about working with Dhanush and Sonam again, Rai said: "I'm a bit over-possessive about my actors. So to fulfil that, I have an option that I work with them again."
Released June 21, "Raanjhanaa" opened to great reviews and is doing well at the box-office.


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Joss Whedon has been slowly revealing details about the next big Avengers universe flick, "The Avengers: Age of Ultron," hinting to fans that the titular villain of his film won't be the killer robot we know and loathe.
Even before he unveiled the official name and logo for the film at Comic-Con, and that it would deal with Ultron's origin story, Whedon hinted the movie would feature a "brother-sister act."
Now it seems certain that duo would be Quicksilver and the Scarlet Witch, the latter role rumored to be on the verge of being offered to Elizabeth Olsen.
The introduction to the Scarlet Witch to Ultron's story means she might play a significant role in Whedon's rewriting of his origin story.
"I knew right away what I wanted to do with him," Whedon said. "He's always trying to destroy the Avengers, goddamn it, he's got a bee in his bonnet. He's not a happy guy, which means he's an interesting guy. He's got pain."
"And the way that manifests is not going to be standard robot stuff," he said. "So we'll take away some of those powers because at some point everybody becomes magic, and I already have someone who's a witch."
Whedon previously said the film would be doing "our own version of the origin story for Ultron," instead of the standard story in which he was created by the future Ant-Man, Hank Pym.
And while Ant-Man will be getting his own movie at the end of 2015, he may not appear in "Age of Ultron" at all.


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As the song says, it only takes a spark to get a fire going.
Several years ago in a Virginia prison, an inmate named Hector began studying the Bible and felt convicted to keep the Sabbath. After completing Bible studies on his own, he requested to study with a Seventh-day Adventist. Darrell Hite from the Kingsport Church, located in Tennessee about 50 miles from the prison, heard of Hector's request, and along with three other members, he began studying the Bible with Hector, Rick, William, Victor, and Mark.
Eventually, the prisoners made decisions to surrender their lives to Christ, and on July 17, 2010, Mike Lombardo, Kingsport Church pastor, baptized the five men. Although they've been separated since, they're spreading the gospel wherever they go.
While Rick and William are still in prison in Virginia, they are diligently giving Bible studies to fellow inmates.
Victor was released from prison early on probation due to kindness, service, and lifting morale. He's now doing missionary work with ADRA in Mexico.
Mark was transferred to a West Virginia prison, where he was reunited with his brother. He's been giving Bible studies there, and as a result, his brother accepted Christ and was recently baptized.
As for Hector, he is transitioning from prison to living at a halfway house in New York City and has become an active member in the Manhattan Seventh-day Adventist Church. Hector is teaching Sabbath School, forming a youth drama team, and becoming involved in city ministry.
The men continue to receive love and support from the Kingsport Church through letters and cards, a blessing to them as they faithfully stoke the fire, spreading the love of Jesus everywhere.
Written by Shana Michalek, Communication intern
Photos contributed


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1. Cook bacon in a large, deep skillet over medium heat until crisp. Remove bacon from pan. Reserve 2 tablespoons drippings in pan. Sprinkle chicken with salt and 1/4 teaspoon pepper. Add chicken to drippings in pan; cook 5 minutes on each side or until browned. Remove chicken from pan.
2. Add onion and next 5 ingredients (through bay leaves); cook 5 minutes. Add tomato paste; cook 1 minute. Stir in wine; bring to a boil. Cook 10 minutes or until reduced by half, stirring occasionally. Return chicken to pan. Add broth; bring to a simmer. Cover and simmer 35 minutes or until chicken is done, turning after 20 minutes. Remove chicken from pan; cover.
3. Heat a large heavy skillet over medium heat. Add olive oil to pan, and swirl to coat. Add button mushrooms and pearl onions; sprinkle with remaining 1/4 teaspoon pepper. Cook for 10 minutes or until golden, stirring occasionally. Remove from heat.
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The goals of the Palliative Care Service are to create greater patient and family satisfaction, improve the quality of care, and to decrease length of hospitalization for patients with an advanced illness. The service is proactive in identifying each patient's unique needs, and goals are set accordingly. Supportive care aimed at symptom control and quality of life can be provided at the same time as curative treatments. If a cure is not achievable, goals are adjusted to meet end-of-life care needs. Goals may include discussion and assistance with multidimensional issues:
We recognize that it requires a lot of time and energy to care for someone else. The Palliative Care Service provides help and support to families, friends and caregivers by assisting with multiple issues:
The Palliative Care Service also educates family members about health-related problems you may face in the future, and assists in coordinating necessary services. The team is available to help family members learn how to talk to their loved ones, know what to say, and how to listen. They also help family members deal with their own feelings of guilt, anger and grief.


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Pin Up Hair Flowers
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text: This is a tasty meal to make for a special Friday evening or weekend treat. Whether it's dinner for two or a larger group, this king prawn curry will be a winner. The double cream used here does make it quite indulgent, but it gives the sauce a wonderful rich texture. Heat the oil in a saucepan. Gently fry the cumin, turmeric, chilli powder, ground coriander and curry powder for 1 minute. Add the onion, ginger and garlic and fry, stirring, for 5 mins. Add the squash and cream, bring to the boil and then immediately reduce the heat to a gentle simmer. Cook for 10 mins, uncovered, then add the green beans and simmer for a further 5 minutes uncovered. Add the prawns; simmer for 5 mins. Season to taste, add the lime juice and chopped coriander to taste. Serve with boiled rice on the side. See more Curry recipes We recommend pairing this seafood curry with finest* Tingelup Riesling white wine. Textingredients Email recipe details Print recipe


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Learn more about technology help at the library.
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Learn to use websites for learning, work, and everyday life in the Boston area.
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Digital safety for parents and kids.
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Computer and online safety tips.


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I want a third non-singing act to win.
Oh, and on the two dance pairs - yeah, I wasn't surprised both Untouchables groups made it. Given it's brother vs. sister, they were going to make sure it was both or neither.
I've been gone all week, so just watched last night. Now, granted, I was tired after staggering in late. However, I can honestly say that Tuesday's episode was a snoozefest. What a difference not having a live audience makes! It seemed like most of the acts fell as flat as a soufle this week. Even though I FF through the singing acts I was still falling sleep. And the danger acts just seemed silly. "Look at me! I can ride a unicycle while balancing an elephant on my head and setting myself on fire! Whoopee!" And the point of all this would be?
I loved the bowl lady in her audition, but less so this week. That's it? More bowls? Is she simply going to add another one each week?
Loved that the hand balancing guys went through. I thought they defended themselves eloquently. This show has seen a million acrobatic acts. Why not change it up a little and do something different? I agreed with Howard. I didn't think their comedy detracted from their act but added to it.
Ok, help me here. What did the Native American rappers do that was so bad? As I said, I came in late last night so I was tired. Maybe it's because of that, but I just didn't see what they did wrong. I mean the guy who wasn't prepared jumped out and sang the lead rap. Now granted, I didn't think they were that great overall and wouldn't have voted them through anyway, but I didn't get all the vitriol.
Maggie: "While she takes care of the men with the guns, why don't you sit down and I'll make you a nice, hot cup of tea?"
Pan Am stewardesses: prepared for anything!
The country cult should know this: Even if their God Jimmy Rose ends up winning, it will be a fact that he will never match the creativity and skill of Kenichi Ebina, or the voices of Forte.
If America got to vote on every reality show's winner, then we'd never have a deserving person win.
Kellie Pickler won DWTS and no doubt country music singers were supportive of her. She definitely deserved her win.
Team Forte here!!!
When does this show end? It is going on forever.


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BALTIMORE, Sept. 8 (UPI) -- The Canadian company that owns Maryland's famed Pimlico Race Track plans to run only 18 days of racing there next year.
Magna Entertainment Corp. want to have only 94 racing days at its other Maryland Track, Laurel Park, down from 120, the Baltimore Sun reported.
The company argues that the cutback will make racing stronger in Maryland by allowing it to offer bigger purses, which would attract bettors. Average daily purses would increase from $193,877 to $303,571.
State officials are concerned about the fate of the Preakness Cup, the second race in the Triple Crown.
"The goal of this plan is to maintain thoroughbred horse racing in Maryland and keep the Preakness in Baltimore, where we want it to be," said Paul Cellucci, a former Massachusetts governor now heading Magna.
Maryland Gov. Robert Ehrlich said that Magna's cuts are a wakeup call to the state Legislature to legalize slot machines at racetracks. West Virginia and Delaware allow slots and Pennsylvania is about add them.


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Feb. 17, 2011SABERCATS PAGE
SAN JOSE The SaberCats today announced Hall of Fame and ArenaCup champion coach Skip Foster, former SaberCats DefensiveSpecial Teams Coordinator Jeff Jarnigan, former SaberCat Tyrone Peace and Jasper Harvey will be joining San Joses coaching staff. Skip has been one of the greatest offensive minds since he joined Arena Football, said OwnerHead Coach Darren Arbet. He has a wealth of experience in football along with Jeff Jarnigan who has been a large reason for our success since 2007 and we couldnt be more excited that they are going to help lead our franchise heading into 2011 along with Tyrone and Jasper.OFFENSIVE COORDINATOR SKIP FOSTER
Overall, Foster has 27 years of coaching experience and eight years in Arena Football. He joins the SaberCats after serving as offensive coordinator with the Arizona Rattlers (2008) and the Columbus Destroyers (2007), who he helped lead to ArenaBowl XXI against San Jose.Prior to his time with the Destroyers, Foster was the head coach of the expansion Austin Wranglers. He led the Wranglers to a 24-24 record in his three seasons, including a 10-6 mark during his final year in 2006. Foster served as the head coach of the Tulsa Talons in af2 from 2001-03. He finished with a record of 44-10, an average of almost 15 wins a season, leading the Talons to victory in the 2003 ArenaCup. Foster made history when he became the only af2 coach to go undefeated at home with 26 consecutive victories over three seasons. In the collegiate ranks, Foster compiled an 82-39-2 record as head coach of Coffeyville Community College in Kansas before shifting to Arena Football. He coached the Red Ravens to six conference championships during his 12 seasons (1989-2000) as head coach. In 1990, Foster led Coffeyville to a National Junior College Athletic Association National Championship and an undefeated season. He was selected Kansas Jayhawk Community College Conference Coach of the Year in both 1990 and 1991. Foster took over head coaching duties from his father Dick, who won a national championship with Coffeyville in 1983. They are the only father and son pair in the NJCAA to win a national championship at the same school. Foster was inducted into the Coffeyville Hall of Fame in 2001. A graduate of Missouri Western State College, Foster played for his father at Coffeyville from 1979-80.DEFENSIVESPECIAL TEAMS COORDINATOR JEFF JARNIGAN
Jarnigan rejoins the SaberCats where he served in the same capacity from 2007-08, helping the team to their third ArenaBowl Championship in franchise history in his first season with the team. Jarnigan has 19 years of football coaching experience with eight coming in arenaindoor football.Prior to joining San Jose, Jarnigan served as head coach of the Oklahoma City Yard Dawgz from 2005-06. Before joining the Yard Dawgz, he was defensive coordinator for the Austin Wranglers during their inaugural season in 2004. In Austin, Jarnigan led a unit that held opposing teams to fewer than 40 points in a game five times and ranked third in sacks.Jarnigan joined the Tulsa Talons in 2001 where he served as defensive coordinatordefensive backs coach for three seasons, helping them to an ArenaCup in 2003, after spending a year with the Minnesota Purple Rage of the Indoor Football League in 2000. He spent 11 years as a coach in the college football ranks prior to joining arenaindoor football. An all-conference offensive lineman and three-year starter at Southwestern College, he helped the team finish ranked third in the nation in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics.DEFENSIVE BACKS COACH TYRONE PEACE
Peace joins the SaberCats after spending three seasons in the same capacity for Foothill College. A former SaberCat, he played five seasons in the AFL, playing wide receiver and defensive back for San Jose from 1997-99. Peace totaled 52 receptions for 550 yards and seven touchdowns to along with 56 tackles, 12 passes defensed and three interceptions during his AFL career.A native of Richmond, CA, Peace played collegiately at Foothill College before transferring to Chico State where he was a defensive back and returner. OFFENSIVE LINE COACH JASPER HARVEY
Harvey joins the SaberCats for his first coaching stint in the AFL. A two-year starter at guard and center for San Diego State, Harvey served stints with the Washington Redskins (2006), Philadelphia Eagles (2006-07), Orlando Predators (2008) of the AFL, Arizona Cardinals (2008) and Hartford Colonials (2009) of the UFL.A native of New Orleans, LA, Harvey played at Archbishop Shaw (LA) High School where he was a two-year starter at left tackle. He earned all-district and honorable mention All-New Orleans metro as a senior.
Courtesy SaberCats Media relations


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Video: Sri Lanka camps in crisis
The UN and human rights groups have warned that the imminent arrival of monsoon rains could see tents in state-run camps being flooded with sewage, and lead to outbreaks of disease.
But officials argue that enough drainage ditches have been dug to cope with excess water at the camps, where some 250,000 Tamil civilians are currently held.
(For updates you can share with your friends, follow TNN on Facebook, Twitter and Google+)


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With his legions of devoted fans counting the days until the June 17 release of of Deadmau5's new album, while (1<2), the Canadian producer has revealed a new track to keep them sated in the meantime.
"Phantoms Can't Hang" is an epic nine-minute song from the forthcoming double album, featuring percolating percussion, ghostly female vocals and a stark, cinematic feel spread out over the track's extended run time.
RELATED: Deadmau5 Racing Gumball 3000 Rally in Nyan Cat-Themed Ferrari
This latest tune is the fourth to be released in advance of the new album, following "Avaritia," "Seeya," and "Infra Turbo Pigcart Racer." Fans who pre-order while (1<2) on iTunes will receive all four tracks immediately to download while waiting for the rest to arrive on release day.


text: Cardiac, Surgical ICUs Earn Awards for Critical Care Excellence Wednesday, May 05, 2010 Tweet Two intensive care units at Strong Memorial Hospital of the University of Rochester Medical Center will be honored this month with a prestigious award that recognizes the nation's top ICUs.For the fourth consecutive year, Strong's cardiac-vascular intensive care unit (CVICU/7-1600) will accept the Beacon Award for Critical Care Excellence, and for the first time, the hospital's surgical intensive care unit (SICU/8-3600) also will be honored.Sponsored by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, the Beacon Award for Critical Care Excellence is given to ICUs that consistently exhibit high quality standards, exceptional care of patients and families, and healthy work environments. The awards will be presented at the 2010 National Teaching Institute in Washington, D.C."Offering the very best care for our critically ill patients and their family members through the latest evidence-based practices is the primary goal of our team," said Anna Lambert, R.N., M.S., associate director for cardiovascular nursing. "We are proud to be honored again."Each year, staff members provide specialized care on the 14-bed cardiac-vascular ICU for about 1,000 patients who are undergoing treatment for complex cardiovascular surgical and medical issues, such as advanced heart failure, which require a high level of sophisticated and coordinated care.In addition, the CVICU houses the region's only ICU-based Critical Care Transport Team, which operates a customized ambulance to transport critically ill cardiac patients from throughout the region to URMC. These patients are often too sick to travel by standard ambulance service and require extensive staff training and specialized equipment in order to make the several-hour trip to URMC.On 8-3600, the 12-bed surgical ICU cares for more than 500 patients annually who require high-level treatment following vascular, thoracic, transplant and ENT surgery."Our unit practices an intensivist model of specialized critical care and has around-the-clock coverage with nurse practitioners and residents," said nurse manager Joan Romano, R.N., B.S. "The team also prides itself on providing family-centered care with open visiting hours to allow full access."Kathy Parrinello, chief operating officer for Strong Memorial Hospital, said the recognition by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses is a testament to the commitment demonstrated by the teams of 7-1600 and 8-3600. "We witness their dedication here on a daily basis and it is only fitting that they are acknowledged nationally as two of best ICUs in the United States." Media Contact Karin Christensen (585) 275-1311


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As a country with many ancient landmarks still intact, Greece is the perfect destination for any cultural trip! There is no better place to learn about history than on a luxury heritage holiday in Greece, particularly Rhodes. read A Greek guide to a luxury heritage and outdoors escape in Lindos, Rhodes
From our window we could see the dome of the Santa Maria del Fiore and Giotto's Campanile, and the rooftops of the city stretching to the mountains beyond. read Exploring the timeless beauty of Florence
We wanted a relaxing holiday in the sun where we could simply rest and enjoy ourselves, and that's exactly what we got read Sublime spa treatments and world-famous golf in Estoril


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Three EDK 300 kits to win for EnOcean Dolphin modules
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Offering a simple entry to bidirectional, self-powered wireless communications, the EDK 300 developer's kit enables users to start complex hardware and software design for new products based on EnOcean's Dolphin EO3000i platform.
Self-powered, wireless sensor solutions allow for simple integration and faster time to market with a focus on energy-efficient applications.
The Dolphin system architecture lets designers implement bidirectional sensors without batteries, such as remote controls and room sensors with a feedback display.
Actuators such as heating radiator valves can be connected without cables and batteries, wirelessly and centrally controlled for simple upgrade from a single room.
All wireless modules (868MHz) of the EDK 300 can be programmed for custom applications through the API interface. Designed for battery less concepts with multiple energy harvesters, the STM 300 transceiver board features on-board solar cell and energy management.
Additional plug-ins offer external solar, thermo, push-button, piezo and vibration energy harvesters. It supports multiple energy storages as well as a number of sensors for temperature, light or air quality.
The TCM 300 and TCM 320 transceivers on the other hand are best suited for use in line-powered components such as flush-mounted actuators, repeaters or gateways.
All bidirectional wireless modules come with standard firmware for building automation. Users can also create their own firmware.
This is transferred to a specific wireless module by DolphinStudio software and the programming adapter.
The WinETEL serial communications software enables users to receive, transmit, analyse and record RF packets. The kit comes complete with cabling, power supply, software CD and user manual.
This month, EnOcean is giving away three such kits, worth 550 euros each, for EETimes Europe's readers to win.
For what project are you likely to use this kit?
To qualify for the reader offer and get the chance to win one of these kits, complete the Reader Offer entry form.
Make sure to fill-in the article ID number 221901309 and tell us what project makes you interested in this kit.
More info on this product at here.


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jasmine is always hanging around the dock where i keep one of my boats. i think she lives on a sailboat with her husband. all i know is she ended up with some amazing double penetration when she came with us on the SS stabbin


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Rowdy Gaines eBooks
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Michael Phelps
Rowdy Gaines & Jason Lezak & Bob Schaller
St. Martin's Griffin, October 2008
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WEA Makes Call for Help for Syrian Christians; 2.3M Christians Flee in Mass Exodus From Syria
The mass exodus of the 2.3 million Christians from Syria is not a secondary matter. Of the previous 60,000 Christians in Homs, less than 1,000 remain. Christians are being killed and tortured while their women are being raped and their churches destroyed.


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How does one go about making (or changing) a resistor network so it can be both 'function' and 'pin' swap-able, with-in the same network and also between networks of the same value- at the PCB editor level? I'm hoping that this is a simple thing to do, since I have something like 100 networks on a PCB that need to be swapped (both pin and function (gate) wise)- THANKS…… Message was edited by: tacoma Message was edited by: tacoma Message was edited by: tacoma
If the functions are exactly the same (the same part, same value, etc.) then by default they will be swappable between different packages. For example two instances of a four element resistor network, partname "RESPAK,10K,5%", first instance assigned to "R1" and second instance assigned to "R2". In Allegro by default any of the four elements of "R1" will be swappeble with any of the four in "R2".
Of course, you have to use individual resistor representation to be able to swapp beetween packages: it can not be done if you "group" resistors en same symbol body.


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Several sports drinks have began to add protein to carbohydrate based on research showing a positive effect on exercise tolerance. Can adding protein to carbohydrate during exercise have a positive effect on performance? My colleagues at the University of Connecticut addressed this question in a recently published meta-analysis by and they asked me to be a co-author on the paper. We examined a total of 11 studies that tested the effects of protein added to carbohydrates during exercise on performance. Carbohydrate alone was the control and the effects of adding protein (usually whey protein) to the carbohydrate on performance was assessed by either time trial or time to exhaustion test. The primary finding was that co-ingestion of protein with carbohydrate during exercise improved exercise performance by an average of 9% compared to carbohydrate alone. Several possible reasons may explain why adding protein to carbs enhances performance. Prolonged endurance exercise can result in significant protein breakdown to provide fuel for exercise, which may be offset by adding protein. Protein may aid recovery from exercise by providing amino acid building blocks for protein synthesis that would otherwise need to be broken down from existing muscle. This is turn would require an increase in cortisol. Thus protein could prevent a catabolic state. Certain amino acids may also enhance exercise-related immune responses. Regardless of the exact mechanisms, the preponderance of evidence indicates that adding protein to carbohydrate helps endurance athletes, even when additional carbohydrate is added to match for total calories. Strength athletes are not the only ones who benefit from including protein in their sports beverage.
. Stearns RL, Emmanuel H, Volek JS, Casa DJ. Effects of ingesting protein in combination with carbohydrate during exercise on endurance performance: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Aug;24(8):2192-202.


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Issues of concern to people who live in the west: property rights, water rights, endangered species, livestock grazing, energy production, wilderness and western agriculture. Plus a few items on western history, western literature and the sport of rodeo... Frank DuBois served as the NM Secretary of Agriculture from 1988 to 2003. DuBois is a former legislative assistant to a U.S. Senator, a Deputy Assistant Secretary of Interior, and is the founder of the DuBois Rodeo Scholarship.
Tuesday, November 18, 2008
Administration Moves to Protect Key Appointees Just weeks before leaving office, the Interior Department's top lawyer has shifted half a dozen key deputies -- including two former political appointees who have been involved in controversial environmental decisions -- into senior civil service posts. The transfer of political appointees into permanent federal positions, called "burrowing" by career officials, creates security for those employees, and at least initially will deprive the incoming Obama administration of the chance to install its preferred appointees in some key jobs. Similar efforts are taking place at other agencies....
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The city has established a festival district for the upcoming American Legion Fourth of July fireworks display at the Fairgrounds area.
That designation means that no animals of any kind will be permitted on the grounds during the event Thursday, July 4, Police Chief Ken Hahn said.
The boundaries for the festival district are: South Lakeshore Drive to the south; Grand Avenue to the west; Tiemann Drive to the east; and North Park Drive to the north.
The festival district will be in effect July 4 from noon until 11:59 p.m.
People bringing animals to festival events first will be given a warning to remove the animal. If they don't comply they will be subject to arrest under city codes and could face penalties of up to 90 days in jail and/or a fine of up to $500, Hahn explained
The law does not apply to animals on private property within a festival district's boundaries.
"This designation helps insure the safety of all citizens attending the event," Hahn noted. "Animals can become very excited in large crowds and may instinctively bite someone even though they are usually very docile. This exact thing happened at one of our prior festivals."


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AMSTERDAM – Recovering FC Nürnberg right back Timothy Chandler could return to full training with the club as early as next week, MLSsoccer.com has learned.
The 24-year-old, who suffered a torn meniscus in his left knee early in the team's Feb. 8 loss to Bayern Munich, resumed working out with a ball on the side of Tuesday's practice session.
"Only with the a few others, not with the whole team," FCN press officer Katharina Wildermuth told MLSsoccer.com. "Maybe next week he can return to team training."
Having already missed 10 games with the injury, Chandler has two important reasons for hoping to be back in action by the time Nürnberg close their Bundesliga season with a May 10 trip to Schalke.
For starters, the Frankfurt native will want to be up for the fight as his club tries to climb out of the drop zone. Nürnberg have lost eight of 11 since Chandler went on the shelf, putting them three points from a safety spot with four rounds to go.
Furthermore, the US international will hope to show boss Jurgen Klinsmann that he is fit to be named to the 30-man provisional World Cup roster, due May 12, and invited to the prep camp that begins two days later. A late fitness rally from Chandler could benefit the coach, who has seen his right back depth chart thinned by the retirement of Steve Cherundolo.
For the Bundesliga season, Chandler has one goal and two assists in 19 matches. He was experiencing a revival of form at the time of the knee injury, with consecutive Team of the Week nods heading into the Bayern game.


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Java Draw Created Nov 01, 2008 470 x 338px Unless noted Copyright 2008 mingu.
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Chocolate ice cream isn't all that great =w= It can be kinda sickening. I always preferred plain boring vanilla. It doesn't make a brown beard around the face like chocolate does DX Nice drawing.
OMG you're killing me here with all your dessert drawings lol. They look so realistic, I just wanna reach my hand out an have that icecream XD
Going back. This is one I missed and must add to my foodies collection. Excellent drawing. 5H
Wow, this is awesome and looks VERY real :) 5/5 and collection ^w^
I'm munching on cookies n cream chocolate bar.. soo yummy... the drawing is too!
looks amazing
mmm yummy ^^
O.o stunning work 5/5 ♥♥♥♥♥ :D
OoO chocolate ice cream ish good but i like vinilla better but yeah 5♥s plus fav!


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Last night I ran across several tablecloths I haven't used for years, and probably never will again. Two of them are Irish linen, and I KNOW I will never iron those beasts again .... there are too many easy-care tablecloths on the market.
My question ..... would it be practical to use these fabrics for quilt backings? The linen ones are about 72"x80". I'd be willing to press them one last time for this purpose if it's practical.