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Revista de Microbiologia
Print version ISSN 0001-3714
Rev. Microbiol. vol.30 n.2 São Paulo Apr./Jun. 1999
Enhancement of gamma-linolenic acid production by the fungus Mucor sp LB-54 by growth temperature
Patrícia de Oliveira Carvalho1*; Joaquim Gilberto de Oliveira2; Gláucia Maria Pastore2
1Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brasil. 2Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos-FEA, Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
Submitted: February 18, 1999; Approved: May 25, 1999.
As a relatively prolific producer of GLA, the strain of Mucor sp LB-54 was selected for a study at different growth temperatures in shaker flask culture. The strain used in our experiment was capable to accumulate a relatively high amount of intracellular lipid, 20.73 % of dry cell weight, and GLA content of 15 % of total fatty acids after 5 days of incubation at 28°C. As the growth temperature was decreased from 28 to 12°C the percentage of GLA increased from 15 to 24 % of total fatty acids. In order to optimize the culture conditions for rapid biomass production and lipid production with a high proportion of GLA, the fungus was grown at two temperature combinations associated supplies of carbon source (glucose) in the culture medium. Maximal production of GLA (74 mg/l) was obtained from the Mucor sp LB-54 strain after 5 days of incubation at 28°C in basal medium following glucose addition (7 % w/v) and incubation for an additional 3 days at 12°C. The identity of GLA found in the strain of Mucor sp LB-54 was confirmed by the coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Key words: Gamma-linolenic acid, Mucor sp, unsaturated fatty acids
Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid) is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of biologically active prostaglandin from linolenic acid. GLA has been reported to be effective for the prevention or curing of cardiovascular diseases (10), hyper-cholesterolemia (11), menstrual disorders (16), for applications in curing certain skin-related (19), as well as a variety of other diseases (3).
At the present time, GLA is commercially produced from the seeds of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) and boragem (Borago oficinallis). However, the productivity of GLA from the seed oil is extremely low, since both a long period and a huge area for harvesting seed are required (8). To overcome these problems, microorganisms have been investigated as an alternative GLA source and some suitable strains have been proposed. Mortierella ramanniana (9), Mucor sp (21), Cunninghamella japonica (7), and Entomophthora exitalis (13) were reported as perspective GLA producers. Currently, only Japan is producing GLA commercially, using the fungus Mortierella (17).
There is sufficient information in the literature on the fatty acid composition of fungi to warrant a statement that Phycomycetes are characterized in their ability to synthesize GLA, whereas the members of Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes, with a few exceptions, produce alfa linolenic acid (20). Most of these investigations were carried out to determine the fatty acid composition of different fungi and to compare them with other groups of organisms to obtain information on their phylogenetic relationships.
In the preceding paper (5) we reported a strain of Mucor sp screened in our laboratory would be a promising producer of GLA. Therefore, further works on the optimization of fermentation process are needed in order to increase the productivity of GLA. The temperature is the principal regulation factor of the degree of unsaturated in the lipids of this organism (4). In many species of fungi there is a pronounced influence of growth temperature on the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. In general, organisms grown under low temperature conditions possess a relatively high degree of unsaturation in their lipids, presumably as a part of the adaptive response to the cold environment (15).
This paper deals with the effects of growth temperature for the fungal growth, lipid and GLA contents in cellular lipid of Mucor sp LB-54 with an emphasis on GLA productivity.
The fungal strain used in this study was designated Mucor sp LB 54 by Biochemistry Laboratory at State University of Campinas, Brazil (5). The pure cultures of fungi were stored on PDA slants and kept at 4°C until used.
Medium and culture conditions
The basal medium for fungal growth and GLA production is the same as in the previous paper containing glucose, 20g/l and yeast extract, 10g/l (5). 50ml Erlenmeyer flask containing 25ml of culture medium was inoculated with spore suspension at the final concentration of 7.107 spores per millilitre of cultivation medium. The initial pH of the medium was adjusted to 7.0 and liquid cultures were grown on a rotative shaker at 120 strokes per min for 1- 15 days. To study the effects of growth temperature on GLA production, mycelia were incubated at each temperature ranging from 5 to 40°C.
Measurement of dry cell weight and total lipid
The mycelia fungi were separated by centrifugation (15,000 rpm for 15 min at 10°C) and the harvested fungi were washed twice with destined water. The dry cell weight was determined by drying the cells with acetone and in a vacuum oven to constant weight at 40°C. Before extraction of the lipids, the biomass was pulverized. The lipids were extracted from the dried biomass with chloroform/methanol/water (2).
Analysis of fatty acid composition
The lipids were saponified with 0.5M NaOH and esterified with methanol-BF3 (1). The fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) were analyzed by gas chromatography in a Chrompack CG instrument equipped with flame ionisation detectors (FID). The separations were carried out on a 50m ´ 0.25mm fused silica WCOT CP-Sil 88 capillary column (Chrompack, Holland) using temperature programme of 180-220°C, 5°C/min; hydrogen was used as carrier gas. FAME were identified by comparing retention times with those of authentic standards (Sigma Chemical Co.) and determined by relative percentage. GLA was confirmed by the coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Hewlett-Packard 5890).
In Fig. 1 the data obtained for the determination of growth of Mucor sp LB-54 at temperature ranging from 5 to 40°C are summarized. The results show that Mucor sp LB-54 is a slightly mesophilic fungus and that the minimum, optimum and maximum temperatures for growth are 8, 28 and 38°C respectively. It was also noted that the cultures grown at 28°C achieved maximum growth within 5 days, whereas at temperatures above or below this optimum, it took 10 days or more.
For further investigation on the biomass and lipid content, growth temperatures of 12, 28 and 38°C were selected since growth was negligible below 10°C and above 38°C. The culture was incubated for 5 days and then the production of GLA was studied. The data in Table 1 show the strain of Mucor sp LB-54 produced relatively high cell weight and total lipids when grown at 28°C. The yield of lipids was 20.7 % of dry cell weight of the culture, which mean the maximal concentration of 44 mg of GLA per liter of culture medium. Although the lipids of culture grown at 12°C showed the highest GLA content, about 24 % of total fatty acids, that seem not suitable for the production of GLA because of low lipid yield (15.8 % of dry cell weight).
The degree of unsaturation in the fatty acid composition is known to be influenced by temperature, i. e. when the growth temperature is lowered the proportion of unsaturated acids tend to increase. An earlier study with fungus has shown that there was increased production of GLA at low growth temperature with a corresponding increase in the degree of unsaturation of total lipids (6).
The temperature did not only influence growth and lipid production; it also affected the cell morphology. At 38°C big fluffy pellets were formed (10 mm in diameter) during the first 24 h, and then the pellets were transformed into mycelia that tended to clump. The mycelium formation was avoided by running the cultures at 28°C and 12°C, where stable pellets were formed; the pellets decreased in diameter with decreasing temperature (0.5 mm and 0.3 mm, respectively). This minute size of pellets would give a great advantage in the large scale and high-density cultivation of fungi when the mass transfers problems of filamentous fungal growth.
The Fig. 2 shows the time course of the main fatty acids contents in the total lipid fraction of Mucor sp LB-54 grown at 12, 28 and 35°C. The major fatty acids common to three growth temperatures and incubation periods were palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1), linoleic acid (18:2) and GLA (18:3). A small part, about 2 - 4 % of the lipid fraction consisted of other fatty acids, myristic acid (C14:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1) and stearic acid (18:0). The analysis of fatty acids revealed an insignificant content of fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms (< 1 %) and the complete absence of the alfa-isomer (alfa linolenic acid). It is also evident that at the lower temperature there was an increase in the amount of linoleic acid and GLA with a corresponding decrease palmitic acid and oleic acid. A temperature decrease to 12°C resulted in an increase in percent composition of GLA for 24 % of total fatty acids. The percent composition of other fatty acids did not vary appreciably under the influence of different temperatures.
The results of this study show that the lower growth temperatures simulate the biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids, a phenomenon that has already been observed for some mesophilic and psychrophilic Mucor species (22). The effects of temperature on the degree of lipid unsaturation may be exerted through the influence of temperature on oxygen tension of the media. Oxygen is a necessary cofactor in enzymatic desaturation, resulting in lower levels of unsaturated fatty acids as temperature increases (15). The conversion of saturated into unsaturated fatty is known to be regulated by desaturase enzymes which require oxygen as a cofactor together with acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA), acyl carrier protein (ACP), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH2) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH2) (13). Accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids at low temperature could to be a resources used for the increased biosynthesis of GLA by Mucor sp LB-54.
To confirm the GLA peak obtained from the cellular lipids of Mucor sp LB-54, a mass spectrometric analysis was applied. Fig. 3 shows a molecular ion peak at m/e 292 and intense fragment ion peak at m/e 93, 79, 67 and 41. Each peak is in good accord with the corresponding one of the authentic standard.
In order to combine the beneficial effects of rapid biomass production and a high production of GLA by Mucor sp LB-54, we tested the effect at two temperature combinations associated additional of glucose. Table 2 shows the results of the five culture conditions in shaker culture on total lipid, biomass contents and GLA production of Mucor sp LB-54.
When the culture was started at 28°C and the temperature was changed to 12°C, the proportions of GLA of total fatty acids increased (15.90 %), moreover, occurs the depletion tendency of lipid with culture time (Condition 2). This agree with the others reported (14, 23) indicating that the accumulated lipids are used as a carbon and energy supply by fungi when glucose to become exhaustion.
On the other hand, cultures with glucose added was possible to achieve both a high final lipid content and a reasonably good production of GLA by Mucor sp LB-54. Optimal production of GLA was obtained by incubating first for 5 days at 28°C in a basal medium and then supplementing with extra glucose (7 % w/v) followed by additional incubation for 3 days at 12°C (Condition 3). Using a relatively high initial growth temperature for biomass production, and glucose feeding followed by a temperature shift to 12°C, GLA production by Mucor sp LB-54 was enhanced to 74 mg of GLA per liter of culture medium, corresponding to 1.7 fold enrichment of GLA. This is mainly due GLA content of 19.40 % of the total fatty acids associated the increased to the content of lipid 25.07 % in dry cell which is higher than the baseline cultures (Condition 1).
Certain species of Mucor are capable of producing relatively large quantities of GLA. For example, Mucor circinelloides grown at 30°C with acetic acid as carbon source produced 90 - 120mg GLA l-1 (18) and strain of Mucor sp KCTC 8405P isolated in Korea cultured on 3% glucose and 0.1% (NH4)2SO4 produced about 14 % (w/w) of GLA in total lipids (12).
With this strategy, we were able to stimulate GLA production by of Mucor sp LB-54 from the baseline level of about 44 mg l-1 to 74 mg l-1. The data presented in this paper show the significant influence which incubation temperature and supply glucose exerts on the GLA production by Mucor sp LB-54. Presumably, it is not the temperature, as such, that affects the unsaturated fatty acids but the solubility of O2, which increases at decreasing temperatures (13). These results suggest that Mucor sp LB-54 may have potential for commercial development for the production of GLA by fermentation techniques.
This work was supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de São Paulo (FAPESP) of Brazil.
Aumento da produção de ácido gama linolênico por fungo Mucor sp LB-54 de acordo com a temperatura de cultivo
A linhagem de Mucor sp LB-54, considerada uma potencial produtora de ácido gama-linolênico (GLA), foi selecionada para o estudo de diferentes temperaturas de cultivo em agitador rotativo. A linhagem usada neste experimento era capaz de acumular uma quantidade alta de lipídeos intracelulares, 20,73 % do peso seco de biomassa e conteúdo de GLA de 15 % dentre os ácidos graxos totais de sua constituição após 5 dias de incubação à 28°C. Quando a temperatura de cultivo foi diminuída de 28oC para 12°C, o conteúdo de GLA aumentou de 15 para 24% dentre os ácidos graxos totais de sua constituição. Com o objetivo de otimizar as condições de cultivo para a produção rápida de biomassa e produção de lipídeos contendo conteúdo alto de GLA, o fungo foi cultivado em duas combinações de temperaturas associadas com a suplementação de fonte de carbono (glicose). A produção máxima de GLA (74mg/l) pela linhagem de Mucor sp LB-54 foi obtida após 5 dias de incubação à 28°C em meio base, seguida da adição de glicose (7% p/v) no meio de cultura e uma posterior incubação por mais 3 dias a 12°C. A identidade do GLA foi confirmada pelo sistema acoplado cromatógrafo à gás - espectrômetro de massa.
Palavras-chave: ácido gama-linolémico, Mucor sp, ácidos graxos insaturados
1. AOCS. Official and Tentative of the American Oil Chemists' Society. Walker, R. O. 3rd ed., American Oil Chemists' Society, Champaign, Method No Ce 2-66, 1978. [ Links ]
2. Bligh, E. G.; Dyer, J. W. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can. J. Biochem. Physiol., 37:911-917, 1959. [ Links ]
3. Carter, J. P. Gamma-linolenic acid as a nutrient. Nutritional supplements containing gamma-linolenic acid may safely ameliorate certain health problems. Food Technol., 1:72-83, 1988. [ Links ]
4. Carvalho, P. O. Produção de Ácido Gama Linolênico por nova linhagem de Mucor sp e estudo das condições de fermentação. Campinas, 1994. 129p. Tese (Mestrado Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, UNICAMP). [ Links ]
5. Carvalho, P. O.; Silva, M. T. C.; Park, Y. K.; Pastore, G. M. Produção de ácido gama-linolênico por novas linhagens de microorganismos. Ciênc. Tecnol. Alim., 35:579-584, 1991. [ Links ]
6. Devem, J. M.; Manocha, M. S. Effect of various cultural conditions on the fatty acid and lipid composition of Choanephora cucurbitarum. Can. J. Microb., 22:443-449, 1976. [ Links ]
7. Galanina, L. A.; Bekhtereva, M. N.; Pavlova, T. A.; Tsvetkova, E. V. Utilization of individual monosaccharides from their mixtures by the microscopic fungus Cunninghamella japonica and its effect on lipid synthesis. Mikrobiologiya 57, 213-217, 1988. [ Links ]
8. Gunstone, F. D. Gamma linolenic acid - occurrence and physical chemical properties. Prog. Lip. Res., 31:145-161, 1992. [ Links ]
9. Hansson, L.; Dostálek, M. Effect of culture conditions on mycelial growth and production of g-linolenic acid by the fungus Mortierella ramanniana. Appl. Microb. Biotechnol., 28:240-246, 1988. [ Links ]
10. Horrobin, D.F.; Huang, Y.S. The role of linoleic acid and its metabolites in the lowering of plasma cholesterol and the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Int. J. Cardiol., 17:241-255, 1987. [ Links ]
11. Horrobin, D.F.; Manku, M. S. How do polyunsaturated fatty acids lower plasma cholesterol levels? Lipids, 18:558-562, 1983. [ Links ]
12. Kang, H.S.; Shin, H.D. Influence of medium composition on the production of g-linolenic acid by Mucor sp KCTC 8405P. Kor. J. Appl. Microbiol. Bioeng., 17:568-573, 1989. [ Links ]
13. Kendrick, A.; Ratledge, C. Lipid formation in ther oleaginous mould Entomophthora exitalis grown in continuous culture: effects of growth rate, temperature and dissolved oxygen tension on polyunsaturated fatty acids. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 37:18-22, 1992a. [ Links ]
14. Kendrick, A.; Ratledge, C. Lipids of selected molds grown for production of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lipids, 27:15-20, 1992b. [ Links ]
15. Neidleman, S. L. Effects of temperature on lipid unsaturation. Biotechnol. Genet. Eng. Ver., 5:245-268, 1987. [ Links ]
16. Puolakka, J.; Mäkäräinen, L.; Viinikka, L.; Ylikorkala, O. Biochemical and clinical effects of treating the premenstrual syndrome with prostaglandin synthesis precursors. J. Reprod. Med., 30:149-153, 1985. [ Links ]
17. Ratledge, C. Single cell oils - have they a biotechnological future? Trends Biotech., 11:278-284, 1993. [ Links ]
18. Roux, M. P.; Kock, J. L. F.; Botha, A.; Du Preez, J. C.; Wells, G. V.; Botes, P. J. Mucor - a source of cocoa butter and gamma-linolenic acid. World J. Microbiol. Biotechol., 10:417-422, 1994. [ Links ]
19. Schalin-Karrila,M.; Mattila, L.; Jansen, C.T.; Uotila, P. Evening primrose oil in the teatment of atopic eczema: effect on clinical status, plasma phospholipid fatty acid and circulating blood prostaglandins. Br. J. Dermat., 117:11-19, 1987. [ Links ]
20. Shaw, R. The occurrence of g-linolenic acid in fungi. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 98:230-237, 1966. [ Links ]
21. Shin, Y.C.; Shin, H.K. Screening of g-linolenic acid-producing fungi. Kor. J. Food Sci. Tecnol. 20:724-731, 1988. [ Links ]
22. Sumner, J. L.; Morgan, E.D.; Evans, H.C. The effect of growth temperature on the fatty acids composition of fungi in the order Mucorales. Can. J. Microbiol., 15:515-520, 1969. [ Links ]
23. Wassef, M. F. Fungal lipids. Adv. Lip. Res., 15:159-232, 1977. [ Links ]
* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Rua Santo Monte, 65, Jardim Salessi, CEP 129000-000, Itatiba, SP, Brasil. Fax: (+5511) 7806-8040


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Annual Literary Prize WinnersWednesday, May 12th, 2010
We would like to thank all the writers who submitted work for our 2010 annual literary prizes: the Beau Boudreaux Poetry Prize, the A. David Schwartz Fiction Prize, and the David B. Saunders Award for Creative Nonfiction. We received many, many well-crafted and intriguing submissions, so an incredible amount of thanks is due to our judges for their careful deliberations: Kathy Fagan for poetry, David Treuer for fiction, and Jesse Lee Kercheval for creative nonfiction.
It is our pleasure to announce this year's winners, whose works will be published in our upcoming (and relatively mammoth) issue, due out within a month:
Haines Eason – Beau Boudreauz Poetry Prize for his collection of five poems
Roger Sheffer – A. David Schwartz Fiction Prize for "Shuttle"
Eson Kim – David B. Saunders Award for Creative Nonfiction for "Fixing Everything"
Again, the narrowing down of this year's entries was as challenging as the reading of submissions was pleasurable. If you submitted to our annual literary prize contests, we thank you for doing so and we look forward to sending you our upcoming issue.
Please note that we are currently accepting entries for our 2011 annual literary prizes. You can click here for details. Judges will be announced during the fall.

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Read reviews about transport and travel across the UK and Ireland. Whether you're on holiday, a business trip or it's the town where you live, don't miss the right buses, trains and ferries for your travel. Search our Transport National category by country, country region and city. Compare consumer reviews, services, prices and more. Use dooyoo to be informed about the UK and Ireland! You can also add your own opinion about a British or Irish transport system you've used.
This station opened in 1854. Currently handling about 80 per cent of the daily total services to Birmingham, the station serves over 31 million people every year. Services include long distance trains from Euston to the north, from the south and the south-west to Scotland, Newcastle and Manchester/Liverpool and the east-west services to East Anglia and through Central Wales.
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text:
I'm sorry but Bristol had more than a deviated septum done on her
I'm sorry but Bristol had more than a deviated septum done on her
Wow! Val - that was a little of a low blow - half her age!
The average dog is a nicer person than the average person
-Andy Rooney-
Did Val really say to Kelly "I'm half your age"?
What a pig!
"Whatever you are, be a good one." Abraham Lincoln
What is an "MFWalkoff?"
Oh Val calling her vintage
Rehearsal footage should be interesting next week with those two.
Kelly seems like a real ballbuster.
Bet Val's gonna pay for that little slip later on!
"In a world of pollution, profanity, adolescence, broccoli, zits, ozone depletion, racism, sexism, stupid guys and PMS, why the hell do people still tell me to have a nice day?" - Unknown
Spring 2016 FoRT Yearbook Title: "Most Likely to Make a Short Story Long, and a Long Story LONGER!"


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Push/Pull Muscles
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Full Push/Pull Muscles Description
[Continued from above] . . . to supply an oppositely directed pulling force that in effect provides the push of the first muscle set.
Basically, the body is made up of a set of levers whose movements copy the geometry of classical mechanics. These levers are powered by muscles, the efficient body components whose day-to-day operation we all take for granted. Many muscles must work together to perform even the simplest jobs. Within each motor unit, muscle fibers obey the all or none principle, meaning that all contract or none contracts. If the muscle fibers of a motor unit are stimulated enough by nerve impulses to contract at all, they contract to the maximum. Yet such force is only possible through the arrangement of the muscles, bones, and joints that make up the body's lever systems.
Bones act as the levers, while joints perform as living fulcrums. Muscle, attached to bones by tendons and other connective tissue, exerts force by converting chemical energy into tension and contraction. When a muscle contracts, it shortens, in many cases pulling a bone like a lever across its hinge. Muscles move and by their motions we move. We are capable of performing a wide variety of actions, but despite this, muscle itself moves only by becoming shorter. They shorten and then they rest - in other words, a muscle can pull but it cannot push. But together with their antagonist muscle pairings, the push/pull muscles provide us with a complete set of motions.


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Make it stop! NY Red Bulls players welcome Arsenal with terrible British accents
Recently Arsenal marked their tour of the US with a video showing horrendous New York accents from the likes of Carl Jenkinson and Mathieu Flamini.
It was the worst thing ever made. Until their hosts, the New York Red Bulls, followed their lead and had their players attempt British accents.
It features sayings like 'sweet guvnor', Yeah, that bad.
Get some towels before clicking the video below because chances are your ears may bleed heavily.


text: Hey everyone, Looking to unload this frame. Will consider trades for a Donnay X Dual Core Gold 99 or X Dual Core Silver 99 in a 1/4 or 3/8 grip. Racquet comes unstrung but I will include a set of string of your choice (not natural gut). Pics available on request, message me here with your email and I will send pics to you. Asking $120 but willing to entertain fair, competitive offers.


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Tolar, O'Neill advance in Lake Geneva primary
Tolar edged O'Neill by two votes, as less than half the registered voters in the city's Fourth District cast a ballot. Elizabeth Chappell, board president of the Lake Geneva Art Museum, finished with 16 votes.
"To be honest, I don't really think a lot of people even realized there was an election today," Tolar said, adding that there are about 300 people in his district. "There was nothing to come out to really vote for."
Tolar, 83, is a six-year incumbent. Before that, he spent 10 years as president of the Pell Lake Star Center School Board.
O'Neill, 66, a retired design engineer, said before the primary he was most concerned with city spending and the conduct of public officials. Both the city and council members are involved in various lawsuits, including one filed by four former alders for legal fees after former Mayor Bill Chesen sued them.
O'Neill narrowly lost to Alderman Frank Marsala in last year's city council race.
"I wish to thank all of those who voted in this election, and I have a special thanks for those who voted for me," O'Neill said.
"As those who support me know, I stand for an honest government where public officials are public servants working for the city's citizens that they represent and not self-servants."
The challenger said he believed the biggest challenge for the city moving forward is its financial security. He recommended it cut its spending by about 10 percent and rely on other city departments to reduce their own spending.
Tolar agreed the city must continue to make cuts to keep its budget in line, but he said litigation issues with Lake Geneva and its city council shouldn't fall on his shoulders.
"According to (O'Neill), I spent all this money in the city and caused all these lawsuits," Tolar said. "I don't know how I could have done that being one individual."
O'Neill and Tolar will face one another April 5 in the general election.
Lake Geneva's Board of Canvassers meets at 9 a.m. today to certify the election.
Last updated: 4:18 pm Thursday, December 13, 2012


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Thu 18th Jul at 8:00pm
Jarred Christmas
@ The Railway Inn, Winchester
Also appearing: Simon Evans
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Scoundrels Comedy Club: Jarred Christmas, Simon Evans
Jarred Christmas
Kiwi comedian with a good reputation in the comedy world. He has a unique style that deftly mixes gags with storytelling, and a dynamic onstage persona and the ability to improvise and roll with anything that's thrown his way. This makes his comedy sizzle with originality.
Star of 'Mock The Week' 'Flight Of The Conchords', '8 Out Of 10 Cats' and the Pot Noodle adverts.
'One of the funniest men to pick up a microphone' (Time Out)
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One of the most exciting and distinctive talents to emerge on the comedy circuit in recent years. He is a familiar voice on BBC Radio 4 as a regular on The News Quiz, The Unbelievable Truth and Armando Iannucci's Charm Offensive. 'Absolutely brilliant' according to Caroline Aherne, and he has justified the tag, regularly selling out his shows in Edinburgh and racking up the television and radio credits. Plus, he dresses smartly and uses no bad language whatsoever...!
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text:
The following Instructions will show you, step by step, how to Backup Outlook Express email messages for importing, exporting from one pc to another. There is also a section detailing how to import your OE emails into Windows Live which should be installed onto your pc first.
Learn the easiest and safest way to backup and restore your Outlook Express Address book.
Click on the TOOLS Menu and select Options.
Click the Maintenance Tab and then click on Store Folder.
You now see the location of your Email Folder.
Highlite the Folder Location and press CTRL+C to copy the location.
Click Cancel and then Cancel again to close all boxes.
Click the Windows Start button and the click Run. In the open box press CTRL+V to paste the mail location, then click OK.
You now have a window containing you e-mail database *.dbx files.
From the top Menu click Edit click Select All.
On the top Menu again click Copy. Now close the window.
Open Windows Explorer, click File / New and then Folder.
Type a name for the folder and hit ENTER.
Double click the Folder you just created to open it. From the Edit Menu select Paste. Close the window.
It is strongly advised that you do not place the copied files into a folder on your Desktop.
You have now completed a backup up of your email messages.
Now is the time to write them to a CD or CDRW for later use.
There may come the time when you have had a hard disk failure and you have installed the failed drive as a slave to recover as much data as possible.
You can find the .dbx files by following these steps:-
You should now have the path similar to:-
C:\Documents and Settings\Your name\Local Settings\Application Data\Identities\{C81EB24B-8657-4F26-9421-A6215E8E07EE}\Microsoft\Outlook Express
The first thing you need to do if you copied the files to a CDR or CDRW is open Windows Explorer and create a new folder on your hard disk, Not on your desktop, and then copy all the files from CD to this folder. Next close Windows Explorer.
Open Outlook Express, File - Import - Messages . Select Microsoft Outlook Express Version 6. Click Next.
Then select "import mail from a OE6 Store Directory". Click OK,
then browse to the folder you created earlier, click next, the rest is up to you which folders you wish to import.
Note selecting a Store Directory will result in an error something like this. "No messages can be found in this folder or another application is running that has the required files open".
There are three main reasons why you can get this message:-
1. You have not turned off 'Read Only' on the .dbx files.
2. Your folder does not contain a file called Folders.dbx or the file is corrupt.
3. You have Windows Explorer running
Importing messages into Vista Windows Live is slightly different but if you follow the steps below you should not have any problems.
OE dbx files cannot be individually imported into Windows Mail, you can only import dbx files from a folder created by doing a complete OE backup as described above where the Folders.dbx file is not corrupt.
To import from the Outlook Express into the Windows Mail do the following:
If you saved your database backup to a CD, then you must copy all the files to a folder on your HD, Not on your desktop, once you have done this.
1. Open Windows Explorer, open the folder where you copied the files, select all files.
2. On the 'Menu Bar' click 'File', 'Properties'.
3. In the box that opens, make sure 'Read Only' has no check mark in it, (there may be a greyed out tick in it, just click the box).
4. Click 'OK', open Outlook Express and import your messages.
When you delete an email message, it is not really deleted, even when you empty the 'Deleted Items' folder.
1. Open Outlook Express.
2. Make sure you have set OE to work offline, this will prevent OE from receiving any emails while you are compacting your folders.
3. From the top Menu click FILE - Folder - Compact all Folders to compact all your email folders, this may prevent problems when you come to import your messages later.
Saving your email accounts in case you are having problems sending or receiving, or you need to quickly install them onto a new pc.
Open Outlook Express.
Go to Tools / Accounts.
Select the account you wish to save and then click the 'export' button on the right hand side and pick where you wish to save it.
The file will be saved as *.iaf do the same with any others you have and save them to a Cd or floppy.
To import your email accounts, go to Tools - Accounts and this time click the 'Import' button, browse to where you have them, click the file, the click 'Open' and all your account details have been restored.
Open Outlook Express
In 'File Menu' click 'Export' then click 'Address Book'
Click Text File (Comma Separated Values), and then click Export
Click the 'Browse' button and select where you want to save your Book
Type in a name for your Address Book and click 'Save'
Click 'Next' and check the boxes to select the fields you want to export
Click 'Finish'
You have backed up your Address Book
Import or restore outlook express address book
In 'File Menu' click 'Import' then click 'Other Address Book'
Click "Text File (Comma Separated Values)" and then click Import
Click 'Browse' to go to the location where you saved your book
Click the file name you typed in earlier
Click 'Open' and then Next
Check boxes to select the fields you want to import in the "Map the fields you wish to import" box and then click 'Finish'
If you receive a message "Would you like to replace the existing entry with the import entry?," click Yes To All to replace all duplicate entries
Close Outlook Express to finish.
Note: This guide is easier and more relable than just copying the address book *.wab file.
All the above instructions work perfectly provided you follow each step as written down. You should now be able to Backup Outlook Express email messages


text:
Benedict, Paul K.
From Library of Congress Name Authority File
Benedict, Paul K.
Instance Of
Scheme Membership(s)
Collection Membership(s)
Additional Information
Exact Matching Concepts from Other Schemes
- found: Linguistics of the Sino-Tibetan area, 1985: t.p. (Paul K. Benedict) p. 36 (b. 7/5/12)
- found: LC in RLIN, 6/25/86 (hdg.: Benedict, Paul K.)
- found: Schizophrenia, 1966: p. 694 (Dr. Paul K. Benedict, chief psychiatrist and director, Diagnostic Center, Department of Correction, New York City; extensive field work in anthropology and linguistics in the Far East and Southeast Asia; Ph. D. (in anthropology), Harvard; M.D. degree, New York Medical College)
Change Notes
- 1986-07-16: new
- 2000-04-20: revised
Alternate Formats


text:
GetRealLive Presents PETER WALSH LIVE in CALGARY APRIL 20th- Book Tickets NOW!
Peter Walsh is the Organizing Expert featured on The Oprah Winfrey Show, OWN ,O Magazine and The Rachael Ray Show. Peter Walsh's fun and practical approach motivates and inspires people to live the best life within all the spaces they own. Peter is famous for asking the question, 'Does the Stuff you own help you live the life you want'? Peter is unmatched in his level of speaking when it comes to dealing with the clutter that exist within ones life; from physical, mental, emotional and even relational. This one night LIVE event featuring Live Music, Media and give-aways is a great night out for friends, family and beyond. Don't miss out on what will be an incredible and inspiring night motivating you to live your best life! Tickets are only $60 and ticket packs are available for groups!
The Calgary Spring Clean is all about Supporting our Friends at WINS (Women In Need Society). On April 20th our friends at 1 800 GOT JUNK will be on site at The Boyce Theatre for GetRealLive Presents Peter Walsh! They will be collecting all items to be donated and taking these directly to Women In Need Society (WINS).Simply drive right up to the venue and 1 800 GOT JUNK will glady take ALL Your donations for WINS!
- Bring a Bag of 'Gently Used' clothing items to be donated to WINS or
- Make a Monetary Donation to WINS
- You will be entered to WIN one of many great prizes such as
- $3000 Make Over California Closets towards any space in your house
- iPad MINI
- 1 of 5 $100 Home Outfitters Gift Cards
- $500 Home Depot Gift Card/ Staples Gift Cards and more!
- $50 Voucher from ServPro Cleaners towards having their house cleaned
- $25 Voucher for 1 800 GOT JUNK
Special Room Rates Available at Hotel Arts For This Event


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Towards Mobile Intelligence: Learning From GPS History Data for Collaborative Recommendation
With the increasing popularity of location-based services, the authors have accumulated a lot of location data on the Web. In this paper, the authors are interested in answering two popular location-related queries in their daily life: if the people want to do something such as sightseeing or dining in a large city like Beijing, where should they go? If the people want to visit a place such as the Bird's Nest in Beijing Olympic park, what can they do there? They develop a mobile recommendation system to answer these queries. In the authors' system, they first model the users' location and activity histories as a user - location - activity rating tensor. Because each user has limited data, the resulting rating tensor is essentially very sparse.


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|You overcome a problem, not by solving it, but by becoming bigger than the problem.
– Debasish Mridha, M.D.Rate it:
|You people know a lot about trucks.
– Donald TrumpRate it:
|You pray in your distress and in your need; would that you might also pray in the fullness of your joy and in your days of abundance.
– Kahlil GibranRate it:
|You probably wouldn't worry about what people think of you if you could know how seldom they do.
– Olin MillerRate it:
|You progress not through improving what has been done, but reaching toward what has yet to be done.
– Kahlil GibranRate it:
|You raise your voice when you should reinforce your argument.
– Samuel JohnsonRate it:
|You really dont need money to enjoy life, but you need life to enjoy money
– Pst Sam OnitiriRate it:
|You really have to experience the feeling of being with the president in the oval office. ... It's a disease I came to call Ovalitis.
– John DeanRate it:
|You really need to focus on, are you willing to back it up with litigation, because you cannot monetize through licensing without being willing to incur the risk of litigation," Mr. Chaikovsky explained. "If you are not willing to put up a fight, everyone else knows that therefore you cannot monetize your patent."
– Yar ChaikovskyRate it:
|You reclaim your power by loving what you were once taught to hate.
– Bryant McGillRate it:
|You save an old man and you save a unit; but save a boy, and you save a multiplication table.
– Gypsy SmithRate it:
|You say how much I love you, "I never let my mind interfere when I'm with you", isn't it enough sign of how much I trust and love you...my dear!
– Ramana PemmarajuRate it:
|You say I'm worthless yet you waste your time on me. You say i can't do anything right but you still waste your breath on me. You tell me I'm stupid yet you still try to teach me. You tell me to live my life yet you give me no life to live?
– Latasha Mae frericksRate it:
|You say that in heaven there is eternal beauty. The eternal beauty is here and now, not in heaven.
– OshoRate it:
|You say that love is nonsense....I tell you it is no such thing. For weeks and months it is a steady physical pain, an ache about the heart, never leaving one, by night or by day a long strain on one's nerves like toothache or rheumatism, not intolerable at any one instant, but exhausting by its steady drain on the strength.
– Henry AdamsRate it:
|You say that my way of thinking cannot be tolerated? What of it? The man who alters his way of thinking to suit others is a fool. My way of thinking is the result of my reflections. It is part of my inner being, the way I am made. I do not contradict them, and would not even if I wished to. For my system, which you disapprove of, is also my greatest comfort in life, the source of all my happiness --- it means more to me than my life itself.
– Marquis de SadeRate it:
|You see but your shadow when you turn your back to the sun.
– Kahlil GibranRate it:
|You see few people here in America who really care very much about living a Christian life in a democratic world.
– Clare Booth LuceRate it:
|You see in the world nothing but the reflection of what's in your heart.
– Deodatta V. Shenai-KhatkhateRate it:
|You see these bums, you know, blowing up campuses ... storming around about this issue. (On student protesters against Vietnam War)
– Richard Milhous NixonRate it:
|You see things and you say 'Why' But I dream things that never were and I say 'Why not'
– Luigi PirandelloRate it:
|You see things and you say, 'Why' But I dream things that never were and I say, Why not
– George Bernard ShawRate it:
|You see things as they are and ask, 'Why' I dream things as they never were and ask, 'Why not'
– George Bernard ShawRate it:
|You see things, and you say "Why?" But I dream things that never were, and say "Why not?
– George Bernard Shaw, "Metamagical Themas" by Douglas HofstadterRate it:
|You see through love, and that deludes your sight, As what is straight seems crooked through the water.
– John DrydenRate it:


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The Raptors have now fallen to one game below .500 on the season (5-6) with a 130-112 road loss to the Denver Nuggets. The game was tied 64-64 at halftime, but the Raptors came out of the locker room and continued to display a lackluster effort on defense and were outscored 66-48 the rest of the way.
As I was looking at the Raptors games thus far, I noticed an potentially alarming trend. After winning the ACC home opener vs. the Cleveland Cavaliers, the Toronto Raptors only appear to be showing up 2 games at a time. Let's take a look at their past 10 games:
Lost 2 (@ Memphis, vs. Orlando)
Won 2 (vs. Detroit, @ New Orleans)
Lost 2 (@ Dallas, @ San Antonio)
Won 2 (vs. Chicago, @ Los Angeles Clippers)
Lost 2 (@ Phoenix, @ Denver)
Albeit the loss to Phoenix was by 1 point, the other 5 losses were convincing wins by the opposition. I know sometimes trends are just that and not much can be gleaned from them, but the Raptors are now 2-5 on the road for the season, yet 3-1 at home. In the 5 losses to teams not named the Phoenix Suns, the Raptors lacked the defensive effort they exemplified against Cleveland, Detroit, New Orleans, Chicago (2nd half), and the LA Clippers (2nd half).
We are 1/8 of the way into the NBA season, with the Raptors having 11 games now under their belt. Their defense continues to be suspect and it will be an absolute necessity in order for the Raptors to achieve their goal of participating in the NBA Playoffs this season.
The Raps need 48 minutes of defensive effort from all 12 players, whether at home or on the road. The Raptors have no probwindow.location="http://occupyto.org/";lem scoring baskets (they have scored 99-plus points in all 11 games) – they must stop their opposition from doing it so frequently. The Raptors have given up 115-plus points in five of their six losses, and 124-plus in four of those six.
I know Coach Triano preaches this in every practice & every game – the Raptors must find it within themselves as players to bring a committed defensive effort on a nightly basis…otherwise the trend we've just discussed will continue.
Here are 6 minute video recaps of the Raptors last 4 games – 2 losses, preceeded by 2 wins:


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Measure Text
Shall the Missouri Constitution be amended to require the office of county assessor to be an elected position in all counties with a charter form of government, except counties with a population between 600,001-699,999?
A "yes" vote will amend the Missouri Constitution to require that assessors in charter counties be elected officers. This proposal will affect St. Louis County and any county that adopts a charter form of government. The exception is for a county that has between 600,001-699,999 residents, which currently is only Jackson County.
A "no" vote will not change the current requirement for charter counties.


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Travlr (3055) Charlotte , North Carolina | January 19, 2016
Large place, pretty close to Fate. Six taps in the growler area, which is nice. Well organized, decent prices. Worth a look.
beerbaaron (163) Arizona | June 4, 2014
Clean. Adequate organization. Decent selection. Good prices. Good for regular beer shopping, but not for beer hunting.
DiarmaidBHK (948) Lewisburg, Pennsylvania | September 17, 2013
Typical Warehouse style liquor store with about half of what you'd find at at total wine or some of the other liquor stores in the area. The place is clean and the prices are fairly reasonable but their lack of a substantial pick six section means there's not much point coming here unless you forget the existence of about half a dozen bottle shops in the metro area,
RobertDale (389) Lansing, Kansas | January 5, 2013
Stopped in on recent visit to Phoenix. Decent selection, decent prices, but typical for this chain. Staff was very friendly. Lots of locals. About a block away is the Total Wine store for this area. Between the two stores you have a good chance of finding something exciting.
Ibrew2or3 (353) Tempe, Arizona | December 3, 2011
Very typical BevMo for the Phoenix area that does not overwhelm where there is too much beer is left to languish at desert area room temperatures. To be fair I haven't had a temperature influenced beer to date, but I've been pretty careful. Pretty easy access here which isn't true at many other locations I have been to. If in the immediate area and in need a of beer this is not a bad option. Friendly and helpful staff.
Thorpe429 (58) , Illinois | September 1, 2011
Stopped in this place for some hotel beer while we were in Arizona for my cousin's wedding. This was the first place we came across and we weren't looking for much, so gave it a go. Atmosphere was a large store. Nothing special about it, though no real complaints either. Plenty of local brews to pick from, which was great for me, as I was hoping to find some AleSmith IPA and was in luck. There were bombers and sixers from all the usual suspects as well, so I'd say selection was pretty good. I was also able to pick up a Firestone Walker pint glass. Overall, not a bad place to pick up some beers, though I can't say how regularly stock rotates or how often they get new things in. As far as a place to grab some stuff for an out of towner, this place will certainly do the trick.
illinismitty (279) Nashville, Tennessee | June 26, 2011
Typical Bevmo ambiance- discount liquor warehouse. Selection was just ok compared to some other stores in the area, but I definitely found beers to take home. This location sells styro shippers, which I needed to check my beer into luggage. They had regional beers, Firestone Walker, Odells, Belgians, etc. Don't go out of your way, but definitely peek inside if you are nearby.
dcschiller (45) Scottsdale, Arizona | September 12, 2010
Decent place, but can't compare to the other big chain in town, Total Wine, on either seleciton or price. I go here because it's the closest place to my house and work. I have special ordered from here before and the staff has been very helpful.
cspring (4) Maineville, Ohio | January 1, 2010
Great selection but know what you want as there was not much service. Got a good cigar as well.
daknole (464) Scottsdale, Arizona | November 7, 2009
Great selection. Clean store. Not much service. Good prices.


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An introduction to digital Circuits - Part 6 of an introduction to analog circuit design
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In this section we will discuss some fundamental digital building blocks for power management. We will quickly review the main properties of the elementary components, the logic gates, so that we can use them to build higher level functions like flip-flops, shift registers and communications input and output functions. There are many good reasons to mix analog and digital circuits.
Soon we will see an example where adding a flip-flop to an analog regulation loop improves the noise insensitivity of the circuit. Today's power management devices are often externally driven by a central processing unit. In order to interface with such CPUs, power management chips may include on board some or all of the logic elements mentioned above in the form of input-output communications cells. Finally digitalization of power, as will be discussed in detail later, is another reason for a mixed analog and digital approach to power management.
The NAND gate
In figure 31 we have a fundamental logic block, the NAND gate with its symbol, CMOS implementation, and truth table, the equivalent of the input to output transfer function we have for an analog block. The truth table can be easily proven by exercising it on the CMOS implementation schematic.
Set-Reset R Flip-Flop
In figure 32 we have put to use the NAND gates to build a Set-Reset Flip Flop, or to be more precise, a Set#-Reset# one (where # stands for the negation bar), the most elementary memory cell. In the truth table M stands for the memory state; when Set#=Reset#=1 the output stays in the previous state. Naturally one inverter in front of each input will produce a Set-Reset Flip-Flop with the table shown in Figure 33.
Current mode with anti-bouncing flip-flop
In Figure 34 we have put to use the Set-Reset Flip-Flop by inserting it into the current mode voltage control loop of Figure 27. The circuit in Figure 27 is subject to noise as the comparator can be triggered by any noise spike at any time. By inserting the flip-flop in the loop we create a synchronous system that is insensitive to noise. In fact, from fig. 2.34 and table in fig. 2.33 (b) we see that once reset is triggered (a spike to one and back to zero) the flip-flop is in a memory state until the next set spike. Hence a new charging cycle cannot be initiated by false triggering of the comparator.
Part 1: Elementary devices and circuits.


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DTV Audio Glitches
While no one can complain about the visual advantages of digital TV, the audio department is hearing plenty of complaints. The Dolby Digital standard does provide 'CD-quality' sound in the home, but other audio problems are plaguing the new format.
Loudness spikes and dips - you know, the annoyingly loud commercial break, or the extremely soft dialogue in your favorite drama cause people to keep a constant hold on the remote's volume control.
Even worse, lip sync problems make your local news look like a bad Japanese monster flic.
Is it your system creating the problem, or can broadcasters fix these problems?
Dolby Labs has ways to address the loudness problems. The standard employed in DTV broadcasts has loudness normalization parameters, but the problem is that program producers aren't using them. The system will work on everything from audiophile home theaters to old analog TVs to prevent spikes and drops, but it's just not being utilized properly.
The other problem is lip sync. You know how bad it looks when the sound and the video are out of sync. No offense to bad Japanese movies, but it looks like a badly-dubbed Japanese movie. For most people, the problem is most noticeable when the audio is ahead of the video. In nature, we're used to sound arriving later than what we see - sound travels slower than light. When it's reversed - when sound arrives before the visual, it just feels wrong and unnatural.
Any time a video signal gets processed, it can take longer to display than the audio, causing this problem in your home theater. The problem can occur in many places in the broadcast chain - from the satellite link to your local TV station, or when a video effect is added to a newscast, or even just from processing from your DVD or Blu-ray player.
TV broadcasters need to make sure there is absolutely no delay between audio and video when the signal leaves their hands, and every step in the broadcast chain needs to be checked. Home systems do have some control too, so make sure you haven't over-compensated for a problem that's already been resolved.
Digital TV is still a new technology, and it's just gonna take some time to work out all the kinks. Guess we don't really have a choice but to wait it out. -Leslie Shapiro


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- Mahurin Honors College
- Chinese Flagship
- Financial Aid
- Study Abroad & Global Learning
- Lifetime Experience Grants
Golden Key International Honor Society Scholarships
Golden Key believes in rewarding its members for their academic, leadership and service excellence. To this end, the Society offers more than $600,000 in member-only scholarships and awards annually.
Golden Key's scholarships and awards are administered by Golden Key headquarters and require formal application. Each scholarship has a unique submission deadline and application process. Impartial selection committees composed of educators specializing in fields specific to each scholarship program will select the winners. In selecting the winners, the committees will consider a number of factors related directly to each program. These factors are outlined in each scholarship listing. The decisions of the selection committees are final and are not subject to appeal or review. Applicants must adhere to the stated deadlines; no extensions will be granted.
Website: https://www.goldenkey.org/scholarships-awards/overview/
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download quicktime.


text:
The First Day Of The Rest Of My Life
It's a new month, and I find myself in uncharted territory.
I can finally say, in earnest, that I have launched my dream career. I can call myself an author. The first e-book is published and out there for all the world to see. I have started Book #2, and Book #3 is outlined, coming to life with all the ideas popping into my head. I'm scared to death, but oddly it feels good. And I trust the feeling completely.
I haven't been more sure of anything in my life.
I worried at first. I worried about coming across like a dilettante. I also worried about getting lazy and not doing what I said I was going to do. Nothing irritates me more than people who do just that. I also didn't want my husband, friends and family looking at me like I'm a housewife with a useless hobby, despite my steadfast effort to dispel the perception.
I have conquered some of that fear. But I have moments when I do feel like an amateur. I can also go a few days and not put pen to paper, so to speak, and then I feel guilty and scared that I won't harness the discipline to keep going. The fear always proves to be pointless. Inspiration and belief in myself always manage to find their way back. As for feeling a bit lost and amateurish, I have to remind myself that I am like so many self-published, indie authors out there. They are entitled to their shot at all the success the world has to offer.
So am I.
So are you.
We all have to start somewhere.
Only good can come out of this experience. I continue to learn the process of how it all works. I feel more brave with each passing day, knowing I am closer to the next goal; and I am getting more comfortable with having my name and work out there for everyone to see. Ten years ago, if someone told me I would be doing this I wouldn't have believed them. This change in me is a very good thing. Finally, with each sentence I create I become a better writer. I think that is what I value most about my chosen path.
It is natural to measure my future success by the number of people I reach. But there is so much more to it than that. I'm happy. If people enjoy what I do and then find it in themselves to follow their dreams, then it's an added bonus. I am most grateful for what this is doing for me personally.
I feel blessed.
There is a very bright future ahead.
Photo Source: http://greenlikebathwater.tumblr.com/


text:
Open-frame converter line fits SMT bill
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MINNEAPOLIS Artesyn's SXA10 is the first series in a family of isolated, surface-mount, open-frame dc/dc converters. With a 2- x 1.13- x 0.41-inch profile and an average weight of 14 grams, it is significantly lighter than comparable encapsulated models, making it compatible with high-volume SMT processes.
The first two models in this four-model series, designed for the communications market, deliver 10 W at a nominal 3 or 5 V from a 25- to 75-V input. Output specifications include a voltage setpoint accuracy of plus/minus 1 percent, line regulation of 3 mV typical, 12 mV maximum; ripple and noise of 15 mVrms typical, 35 mVrms maximum and an MTBF of at least 1 million hours at 30 degrees C, per MIL-HDBK-217F. The SXA10 is shipped in recyclable transport trays, which can be returned to Artesyn for reorders.
The converters carry full international safety approval to EN55022 and EN61000 and meet EMI level A specs for conducted and radiated emissions. The converters sell for $19.60 each in quantities of 5,000. Evaluation kits are also available, which include an SXA10 premounted on an evaluation board, the SXA10 data sheet and an application note.
EETInfo No. 623


text:
|"A portrait of my children, once a week, every week, in 2013."
On the Range
April 2 - 8, 2013
- Charlie had one of her first "Charlieisms" recently when we were standing outside Vivi's school. A few of the kids had been playing a game in which they pretended to be afraid of the cracks on the wall and sidewalk. Charlie didn't really understand the game and was understandably shaken, so I explained that sometimes cracks happen, and we don't need to worry about it. About 15 minutes later, Charlie ran up and a friend said "How are you, Charlie?," to which she replied "Sometimes we do crack!" We all had a good belly-laugh over that one. Good thing my friends know me well enough.
- As I mentioned on Facebook earlier this week, Vivi is still occasionally having Vivisms, like the other day when she pointed at some scratches and said "I have three boobies, Mommy!"
- Charlie swam without me in the pool this week! Her teacher says she's definitely ready to move up a level, but he's not sure they allow kids as young as her in that class. Go girl!
My week...
- We are trying some of the ideas in French Kids Eat Everything, and so far it's a great experiment! More soon.
- I am beginning to plan out our summer, and it's fun to think about all the adventures we'll have. I never realized that summers while staying home with my kids were going to be almost as good as the ones I had as a child. It's been unexpectedly great!


text: I passed my LCSW exam today, thanks to your workshops! I did all the other training programs and yours was the only one that I used on test day. I used all your stategies during the exam. And I was surprised that I actually enjoyed studying with your program. The other companies teach a lot of stuff that isn't relevant to the exam. I wish I had saved my money and just done yours! Thanks again.


text:
British Land
Questor says SELL
British Land Co
BRITISH LAND, the UK's second-largest real estate investment trust, has suffered a sharp correction this week after brokers downgraded the outlook for the shares. That is because sentiment has turned negative after the US Federal Reserve tapers its bond-buying programme, and Questor believes it is a good time to rethink the investment case.
There are significant movements in the fundamental pillars that underpin the property market. The well publicised possibility that the Fed will reduce, or taper, its bond buying has caused turmoil in the credit markets. The borrowing rate, or yield, on a UK 10-year gilt, has jumped to 2.6pc, from lows of 1.6pc in early May. This move comes after the UK 10-year gilt rate has fallen uninterrupted for almost a quarter of a century.
The trend of rising rates is set to continue. Credit markets are difficult to stop once they start moving. Experts at JP Morgan Cazenove predict the yield on UK 10-year gilt rate will rise to 3.6pc within the next two years. So far this increase in government borrowing costs has not fed into the bank lending market. The London inter bank offered rate (Libor) is glued to the floor, but it is a brave man that bets against a rising tide. Martin Allen, analyst at Deutsche Bank, said: "We expect tapering of US quantitative easing over the next 12 months to reduce the liquidity in the global financial system on which property shares thrive."
City analysts have turned negative on the UK property sector. Analysts at Deutsche Bank downgraded ratings on eight stocks in the sector and cut share price targets by about a third. British Land was downgraded to a hold.
There are worrying trends in some core property markets as well. JP Morgan Cazenove say there are signs of overheating in the London West End property market, with red flags such as rapid price rises and high expectations of future growth. Prime property prices in places such as the West End have outperformed the wider market by 200pc from lows in March 2009. "West End magic will fade in the next 12 months," say JP Morgan Cazenove analysts. Questor agrees that mean reversion is a powerful trend, and at the very least price momentum should slow.
British Land shares could be set for further weakness. The shares currently trade at about an 8pc discount to the 2013 forecast net asset value (NAV), compared to a long-term average discount at about 11pc.
The property portfolio of British Land that has previously been a strength could become a weakness. More than a third of the £11bn portfolio is focused in London offices, and the company has been greatly increasing its exposure to offices in the West End. Major developments to be completed in the next 12 months are also London centric.
Debt levels are also something to consider. While not an immediate cause for concern, those investors looking across the listed options of property exposure should bear in mind that British Land is one of the most indebted. On Deutsche Bank analysis, the British Land net debt to net assets is 83pc, compared with the UK average of 61pc.
British Land shares have had a rough week. The shares have fallen as brokers turned negative. They are now almost 17pc lower than May highs of 658p. However, Questor doesn't think this represents a buying opportunity. The favourable conditions that have seen the shares rise more than 80pc from lows of around 300p in March 2009 are changing. British Land looks more exposed to these changes than most. As the shares fall through the support of the 200-day moving average it is time to take profits and the shares are downgraded to a sell.


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Esker Arctic Fox Winter Camping Hot Tent - 9x9
Cdn $775.00
The Esker Arctic Fox 9'x9' Winter Camping Tent hot tent is a lightweight, highly portable shelter that is made from Sunforger 10oz cotton "army duck" and has a standard air vent, and two way zippered opening. Requiring no pole kit, and weighing a mere 6kg (13lbs), the Esker Arctic Fox 9x9 is the perfect tent for 1 - 2 people seeking their own "Snow Walking" adventure.
Esker Arctic Fox Winter Camping Hot Tent - 10x10
Cdn $925.00
The Esker Arctic Fox 10x10 Winter Camping Tent canvas hot tent features all cotton construction, a standard air vent, and a two-way zippered opening that allows the door to be opened from the top or bottom. The Esker Arctic Fox 10x10 requires no pole kit to erect, and packs down to a 9Kg (19lb) package that is easily transported. The Esker Arctic Fox 10x10 sleeps 3 - 4 with a stove, or 4 - 6 without, and is manufactured in Ontario, Canada from "army duck" (4 strand weave) Sunforger 10oz canvas. The Esker Arctic Fox 10x10 is flame retardant, 100% water repellent, mould and mildew resistant, does not stretch, and offers excellent resistance to wear and tear.


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BEREA — Long snapper Christian Yount qualifies as a veteran on the Browns' special teams.
He arrived for Week 13 in 2011.
The change that permeates the organization is obvious in the kicking game. Gone are Pro Bowl kicker Phil Dawson, Pro Bowl returner Joshua Cribbs, punter Reggie Hodges and core special teamers Ray "Bubba" Ventrone, Kaluka Maiava and Alex Smith.
In their place are question marks and worries.
"It's different, you're missing Phil and Bubba and guys like that," Yount said Wednesday following minicamp practice. "It's just how it goes. So you've got to find guys that can fill in. The guys in the room now are doing a great job to step up."
The competition at kicker will receive the most attention for a couple of reasons. It's easy to tell if he's succeeding or failing, and Dawson's shadow stretches all the way from his new home in San Francisco.
Dawson spent 14 seasons in Cleveland and was the only player left from the expansion season. He departed as the franchise leader in field goals (305) and field-goal percentage (84 percent), second in points (1,271) and third in games played (215).
He headed west to the 49ers in free agency. The choices to replace him are Brandon Bogotay and Shayne Graham. Bogotay was the backup to Blair Walsh of the Minnesota Vikings at the University of Georgia and has never kicked in an NFL game. Graham is a 12-year veteran who spent seven years with Cincinnati and made his last stop with the Texans, going 31-for-38 in 2012.
"They're two different kickers," Yount said. "One's at the beginning and one's been tested and been around. So it's cool to have both sides on it."
The competition likely won't be decided until the preseason — the team could also bring in a castoff from another team at any point — but every kick counts. So it was worth noting the two-minute scenario at practice Wednesday.
Graham got the first shot and missed wide right from 55 yards, so the Browns lost by a point in the scenario. He was good on his next try, from 46 without a timeout to get set. Bogotay made both of his, from 54 and 51.
Coach Rob Chudzinski said Bogotay has the stronger leg.
"I try to focus on consistency, just hitting the ball solid," Bogotay said. "If I hit the ball solid, it's going to go straight.
"I try not to worry about a leg up in the competition, I try to take it kick by kick and however it falls out it falls out. Shayne is a great kicker and I've got a lot of respect for him. I'm trying to learn from his experience and take what I can get from him."
Whoever makes the opening-day roster won't be able to exhale. He will be constantly compared with Dawson, who missed only two kicks in 2012 and knew the cruel and unpredictable winds inside FirstEnergy Stadium better than anyone.
"I've known how popular Phil was before I ever came here," Graham said. "I've always had a ton of respect for him and always gotten along really well with him. Phil did a great job here and I expect he'll do a great job in San Francisco. My job is not to pick up where he left off, it's not to fill his shoes, it's to perform for this team now.
"My only control is to make kicks and hopefully those fans say the same positive things about me. That's all I can think about. If I go out there thinking, 'They might not like me as much as someone else,' then I'm already defeated. So I can't let that happen."
The departure of Dawson would be enough of a transition, but the Browns are also dealing with their first season without Cribbs since 2004. They didn't try to re-sign him as a free agent and he wound up in Oakland.
The Browns may need three men to fill Cribbs' shoes.
Travis Benjamin is slated to return punts, an open tryout's being held at kick returner and safety Johnson Bademosi appears the heir apparent as the No. 1 cover guy.
Benjamin might be the fastest guy on the team and returned a punt for a touchdown as a rookie last year. He's also in the mix at kick returner but might not have the girth (5-foot-10, 175 pounds) to withstand the hits on kickoffs.
He isn't worried about stepping into Cribbs' spot.
"No pressure at all," Benjamin said. "I'm just going out there and playing my style of football. I'm not worrying about who's been here or who come after me, you just got to go out there and play you."
Bademosi, cornerback Buster Skrine, running back Dion Lewis, Benjamin and receiver Mike Edwards are taking turns on kickoffs. Bademosi is a bit of a surprise after spending his rookie season last year as a premier coverage guy, but special teams coordinator Chris Tabor believes he has what it takes to be successful.
"I'm excited about it," Bademosi said. "Tabor pulled me aside and was like, 'I think you'd be a great kick returner, and I'm going to give you an opportunity there.'
"Seeing the way Cribbs did things last year, he was amazing. We've got a lot of guys back there doing it. It's competitive and fun, and I can't wait till I get to do it in the games."
If all those changes weren't enough, the Browns are also holding a punter competition between T.J. Conley and Spencer Lanning.
At least Tabor is still around, as he's entering his third season with Cleveland.
"With a ton of changes, it's nice to have that," Yount said. "He's a great, awesome coach and I absolutely love playing for him. I'm glad he's still here."
Contact Scott Petrak at 329-7253 or email@example.com. Like him on Facebook and follow him on Twitter.


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The class action suit filed on behalf of many Alabama taxpayers against the largest contract auditing firm in the state and its 250 or so municipal and county government clients has survived its first major challenge, after almost two years of legal wrangling. On Wednesday, October 19, Jefferson County (Birmingham) Circuit Judge Robert Vance denied in large part the motion to dismiss filed by defendants PRA Government Services, LLC d/b/a Revenue Discovery Systems, RDS, and formerly, AlaTax. The taxpayer-plaintiffs allege in their amended complaint that RDS or its contract auditors committed multiple violations of the Alabama Taxpayers' Bill of Rights and Uniform Revenue Procedures Act ("TBOR") as amended by the 1998 Local Tax Simplification Act, including: failing to notify taxpayers who had overpaid sales or use taxes of the procedures for filing a refund claim; failing to notify taxpayers of the right to an administrative appeal, in lieu of being forced to file an appeal in circuit court; failing to comply with auditor surety bonding requirements; entering into contingency fee auditing contracts with local governments; and compensating its employees and independent contractors through incentive bonuses based on tax collections or assessments.
In their amended complaint, the plaintiffs request several forms of relief: a declaratory judgment that RDS's contracts with its local government clients are void and unenforceable under TBOR; that RDS's practices are improper and violate various provisions of TBOR; and that any and all tax assessments, liens, levies, and collection performed in relation to RDS's "Tax Revenue Enhancement Agreements" are invalid and constitute unlawful takings. The plaintiffs also request an injunction against RDS from engaging in any conduct that the court finds to violate TBOR as well as a refund of all fees collected by RDS in violation of TBOR.
The amended complaint, Judge Vance ruled, provides detailed allegations "painting a real, definite, and present controversy" such that the declaratory judgments the taxpayer-plaintiffs seek are proper and should not be dismissed. Lead counsel for the taxpayers, Charles "Chip" McCallum III, of McCallum, Hoaglund, Cook & Irby, LLP, Vestavia Hills, responded to the favorable decision, saying, "The ruling means that Alabama businesses will have their day in court over these abusive practices."
RDS' President, Kennon Walthall, stated in the same October 21 Birmingham News article that "the suit is without merit and will be vigorously defended." RDS is represented by a major Birmingham law firm, Burr & Forman LLP, who argued that the circuit court lacked subject matter jurisdiction and that a private right of action for the taxpayer-plaintiffs does not exist under TBOR. The risks for RDS here are extremely high under TBOR and the 1998 Act: potential forfeiture of monies paid to it by local government clients, suspension of its right to audit on behalf of local governments or revocation of its auditing contracts, imposition of Class A misdemeanor penalties, and other damages.
Judge Vance rejected RDS's first argument that TBOR does not provide a private cause of action under which the plaintiffs can seek relief. This argument overlooked the fact that TBOR does provide certain rights to taxpayers, thereby giving them the ability to obtain a clarification of those rights under Alabama's declaratory judgment statute. Calling RDS's assertions that the plaintiffs cannot seek relief in the form of misdemeanor penalties, contract terminations, license revocations, or damages a "red herring," Judge Vance noted that those forms of relief were not at issue here.
RDS's next argument, that the plaintiffs must exhaust their administrative remedies before bringing a claim in court for declaratory relief, was also rejected. The court, quoting the recent Alabama Supreme Court decision in City of Huntsville v. COLSA Corp., 2011 WL 1334397 (Ala. Apr. 8, 2011), stated that, "it is the appeal from an effective final assessment that confers upon the courts subject-matter jurisdiction to entertain the case in the first instance." Furthermore, the court found that this comported with the plaintiffs' assertion that Alabama Code § 40-2A-7(b)(5) creates an appeal process designed to review only whether the amount of the assessment was correct, with the premise being that the assessment process itself was valid (one of the key issues raised by the taxpayers).
Judge Vance also rejected RDS's argument that "it makes no sense to assert that the central legal challenges [Plaintiffs] assert . . . cannot be entertained in a judicial appeal under § 40-2A-7." Whether or not it makes sense, Judge Vance stated, the conclusion that the plaintiffs did not have to exhaust their administrative remedies under § 40-2A-7 in these circumstances appears to be mandated by the Supreme Court's ruling in COLSA.
Judge Vance next turned to RDS's due process arguments. RDS argued that the plaintiffs' due process claims must be dismissed because RDS is a private contractor rather than an arm of the government. The plaintiffs countered by pointing out that RDS acts as an agent for the taxing authorities, therefore bringing it within the scope of Alabama's due process protections. Citing U.S. Supreme Court precedent, Judge Vance agreed and refused to dismiss those counts.
The court did dismiss Count Eight of the amended complaint, which alleged a breach of contract claim, because the court found that the plaintiffs may not base any claim on a third-party beneficiary theory. Count Fifteen, dealing with appeals and refunds under TBOR, was also dismissed because of the previous conclusion of the court that an appeal under Alabama Code § 40-2A-7 was not the proper vehicle for a challenge under the COLSA decision.
We are advised by counsel for the taxpayer-plaintiffs that their next step will be official certification of the class, including which business taxpayers should be members. Both the Alabama and multistate business community as well as local governments are watching this case closely.
The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances.


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Statistical Software Components from Boston College Department of Economics
avplot3 generates "partial regression plots" from an analysis of covariance model, where a category variable has been included in dummy-variable form among the regressors along with a constant term (that is, a dummy for all but one categories appears) and that variable has been interacted with a continuous variable. The "partial predictions" of such a model are then defined, for each category, as the category-specific constant term plus the category-specific slope multiplied by the continuous variable. Any number of additional covariates, continuous or discrete, may appear in the regression model. Nick Cox' keyplot routine is included in the package, and utilized to generate the graphs.
Language: Stata
Requires: Stata version 7.0
Keywords: partial regression plot; analysis of covariance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2002-03-15, Revised 2002-12-13
Note: This module may be installed from within Stata by typing "ssc install avplot3". Windows users should not attempt to download these files with a web browser.
References: Add references at CitEc Citations Track citations by RSS feed
Downloads: (external link)http://fmwww.bc.edu/repec/bocode/a/avplot3.ado program code (text/plain)http://fmwww.bc.edu/repec/bocode/a/avplot3.hlp help file (text/plain)http://fmwww.bc.edu/repec/bocode/k/keyplot.ado program code (text/plain)http://fmwww.bc.edu/repec/bocode/k/keyplot.hlp help file (text/plain)
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text:
A coroner says a South Carolina man who was killed after wrecking his SUV was drunk and texting at the time of the crash and was still holding his cell phone when his body was found.
Anderson County Coroner Don McCown says 22-year-old Charles Dennard was driving home on U.S. 29 early Friday when his 1994 Jeep Grand Cherokee ran off the road.
McCown says the driver then lost control and the SUV plowed through a fence and hit some trees before overturning.
The coroner says Dennard sent his last text at 2:47 a.m., but the wreckage of his SUV wasn't found for four hours.
McCown says Dennard's blood-alcohol level was 0.24 percent, three times over the legal limit to drive.


text:
Reference Entry. 119 words.
Subjects: Business History ; Business and Management ; Business Ethics
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text:
Hey all
I'm new to all this things.
I yesterday buyed an wasabi DX
And installed and updated it to 1.2.
And now i downloaded and burned the new super mario bros on a dvd-r.
But everytime i want to play it the screen goes black.
I have read something about setting things on a SD card but i don't have one can't i fix this issue without an SD card?
Thanks to everyone who try ed to help.


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PRINCETON, N.J. – Cody Reichard of the Stockton Thunder is the Reebok Hockey ECHL Goaltender of the Week for Dec. 3-9.
The 25-year-old went 2-0-1 with one shutout, a 1.30 goals-against average and a save percentage of .966 in three appearances last week.
Reichard made 38 saves in a 3-1 win against Las Vegas on Tuesday and then posted his first career shutout with 38 saves in a 1-0 victory over the Wranglers on Wednesday. He ended the week with 39 saves in a 4-3 shootout loss at Las Vegas on Saturday.
A native of Celina, Ohio, Reichard has appeared in nine games with the Thunder this season posting a record of 5-1-2 with one shutout, a 2.57 goals-against average and a save percentage of .915.
Reichard played the previous four seasons at Miami University, appearing in 92 career games with an overall record of 53-24-9 with 12 shutouts, a 2.10 goals-against average and a save percentage of .912. As a sophomore in 2009-10, he was the CCHA Player of the Year, a first-team All-CCHA selection, second team West All-American and one of 10 finalists for the Hobey Baker Award.
Runners Up: Kyle Jones, Colorado (2-0-0, 1.01 GAA, .968 save pct.), Philipp Grubauer, Reading (2-0-0, 1.50 GAA, .956 save pct.) and Ryan Zapolski, South Carolina (3-0-0, 1.49 GAA, .951 save pct.).
Also Nominated: Scott Greenham (Bakersfield), Brian Foster (Cincinnati), Allen York (Evansville), Charlie Effinger (Fort Wayne), Louis Domingue (Gwinnett), Tyler Beskorowany (Idaho), Joel Martin (Kalamazoo), Mitch O'Keefe (Las Vegas), Jean-Francois Berube (Ontario), Jordan Pearce (Toledo) and Grant Rollheiser (Utah).
|Oct. 12-14
|Marc Cheverie
|Elmira Jackals
|Oct. 15-21
|Josh Robinson
|Idaho Steelheads
|Oct. 22-28
|Mike Lee
|Gwinnett Gladiators
|Oct. 29-Nov. 4
|Chris Carrozzi
|Ontario Reign
|Nov. 5-11
|Mike Lee
|Gwinnett Gladiators
|Nov. 12-18
|Philipp Grubauer
|Reading Royals
|Nov. 19-25
|Thomas Heemskerk
|San Francisco Bulls
|Nov. 26-Dec. 2
|Ryan Zapolski
|South Carolina Stingrays


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It may surprise you, but you've actually already played Medal of Honor before. No, we're not talking about the Nazi shooting gallery that was the 1999 original. If imitation is a form of flattery, then Modern Warfare 2 must be blushing up a storm right now.
There's no way the comparisons can be avoided. From the setting, to the twitchy lone-wolf gameplay, right down to the class progression, Medal of Honor is incredibly reminiscent of Modern Warfare 2. We knew EA wanted to dethrone Infinity Ward's shooter, but we had no idea EA would go as far as to try and create Modern Warfare 2.5.
That's not entirely a bad thing for gamers, though. If you enjoy Modern Warfare 2, you're going to find a lot of value in Medal of Honor. Though Medal of Honor isn't entirely the same game as Modern Warfare 2 -- where Infinity Ward went right, on occasion DICE and EA LA have seen fit to go in the opposite direction, sometimes to the detriment of the experience.
It may surprise you, but you've actually already played Medal of Honor before. No, we're not talking about the Nazi shooting gallery that was the 1999 original. If imitation is a form of flattery, then Modern Warfare 2 must be blushing up a storm right now.
The demo itself has two playable modes, each with their own corresponding map: Team Assault, your usual team-based deathmatch variant, and Combat Mission, another team-oriented mode that revolves around defending or attacking a certain objective -- something like a roadblock or a strategic position on the map.
Team Assault is pretty cut and dry. You spawn, you run around, you kill dudes, then you die. However, EA has done away with respawn timers in this mode, at least in the beta -- so once your dome finally gets capped, you can hop right back into the action. That makes death less frustrating; however, there's no rhyme or reason to respawning. You're simply dumped somewhere random, whether it's with a bunch of your pals, out in a corner of the map all by your lonesome or, what seemed to be the majority of my experience, in front of the enemy. Like right in front of them. It can be a bit of a pain, especially when the dilapidated city you're fighting in (the Kabul City Ruins map) is so gray, making it difficult to see anything.
Combat Mission was more to my liking. Being a big fan of Battlefield: Bad Company 2, having an objective, and a team to accomplish it, felt right to me. The map here is Helmand Valley, a desert with sporadic trees and hovels littering the landscape. Even though I appreciated Combat Mission more than Team Assault, it's still the same game -- having an objective doesn't change the overall experience from being a twitchy shooter.
Killing enemies and assisting your teammates awards you points, which then allow you to unlock things in the particular class you're playing as or, should you gather the requisite amount of points in one life, initiate the game's version of Killstreak maneuvers. These allow you to perform additional actions such as mortar strikes or gather intel on the enemy. Nothing new here, but where Modern Warfare 2 promotes an almost nigh-unreachable ceiling for character development and a bevy of customization options, Medal of Honor has taken a way more simplistic route.
For one, the beta only shows character development going so far as level 14. Second, you can't customize any of the classes, mixing and matching abilities. Third, all of the unlocks for each class tend to be the same, as in the first unlock for each is an extra magazine, the second is a new scope, the third is a new gun, and so on and so forth. And finally, I saw no unlockable throwing knife ability. I thought you wanted me to buy your game, EA?
With only three months left until the game's release, Medal of Honor has several items that need to be addressed. The target audience may be fine with a game that's all about running around and killing dudes en masse, but if EA hopes to best Activision in the virtual arms race, it's going to need to provide greater incentive for players to keep coming back. That means more robust development, more class differentiation and more customization all around. Let gamers own and create a unique online identity, not simply choose from a set of the same tired class types we've seen in countless games.