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Are men expendable? After millennia of vigorously hoisting their species to the top of the food chain, is XY now a barrier to additional progress? Has the ball game for "dudes" expired? Will the future be self-reproducing super-women? With males"¦ extinct?
An amusing though somewhat frustrating piece. You suggest biological sex as the cause for the many gender differences you list. The current evidence cannot support such notions. As shown in Cordelia Fine's book Delusions of Gender, most claims of neurological distinctions between XX and XY folks rest on sloppy research and popular narratives. The social aspect of the gender distinction deserves serious consideration. I rather doubt males rape and murder so much simply because of their chromosomes. That we can blame on masculinity. Transmen have been known to adopt the cult of violence as part of their dudely identity without any hormone treatment.
As you hint at in the conclusion of your article, moving toward a genderless world requires a cultural campaign more than technological change. While your imagined Kaguya society surely would be an improvement over current conditions, the practical difficulties of actually implementing such a program mean it would take smashing the patriarchy to even get started. I suspect we can do better than hypothetical 130-year lifespans for some distant generation. For those who fixate on phenotypical differences, improving body modification and virtual reality should throw gender into a promising state of confusion over the coming decades. I say we aim at full liberation for already living.
Re "<i>Will the future be self-reproducing super-women?/i>"
Make that "self-reproducing genderless super-persons" and I will sign for it.
But who would empty the trash and fix the car? No more football nor Die Hard movies? Yikes!
But seriously, you got me thinking.. is there a Kaguya dating agency?
Viking raiding parties - not good. Barroom brawls—no longer OK. Not even toy guns in schools. One boy was suspended for making his fingers into al gun and shooting. Hyper masculinity is now isolated into the military and sent to faraway places where it can be kept out of sight. Welcome to the war on virility.
What a delight to read your hilarious prose! And you even provided a topic of conversation for our anniversary dinner tonight. I'm all for the sexual on-off switch, but what about child-rearing? It isn't as if being a supermom isn't already hard enough!
I think that males developed as a means of further evolution. We are 'chaos' in the gene pool.
I believe this is the origination of the 'sacrificial males' myths. We are essentially evolutions guinea pigs. The genetic experiments. Men carry the majority of genetic disorders. We are natures petri dish.
You'd think that would generate a lot of sympathy for men, but given our recent domination of the world, I guess we can't expect too much help.
In the end, though, I believe we will transcend biology in it's entirety. We are almost ready to leave gender behind completely, and I don't think post-humans will really be either male or female, as we understand these sorts of things now (gender is a biologically derived condition, therefore transcending biology also entails transcending gender).
I think it is great that such polarity exists. Sex was invented very early in the history of evolution and probably for a good reason. Hermaphrodites exists but they are not very common.
Even if I'm a strong advocate for women in science, it is a fact and something that has been researched that women prefer not to be in hard science fields. This time and age there are not real barriers for a woman to be involved in a hard science, in fact I would say they are more than welcome. But their number in those fields are very little. Women are giving great contribution in the biological fields and medical sciences but not in the hard sciences (at least number wise) I'm sure the quality of science of the few women involved is as great as the woman from man.
Same thing for technology in general. This is not sexism but simply reality of how gender effects life choices and preferences.
One could explain this with upbringing or other social factors. I'm not sure at all this is the entire explanation.
Plus a certain warrior spirit may necessary to advance civilization even if we are not fighting real bears anymore. Exploring new frontiers on earth and in space maybe would require such spirit.
The problem is that being a male is dangerous and has counter-effects. Well maybe instead of desiring a uniform, unipolar humankind we should try to address the problems of being a man and fix them giving equal longevity to both sexes.
In a post-human future one could maybe change sexuality at will for different situations or occasions. It would be interesting but the polarity should be maintained because makes things more interesting and fun.
Thanks for the comments everyone
for summerspeaker - I agree, I'd also like to do much better than the 130+ years that Kaguya offers. But perhaps… this can be attained in 28% increments? Should ova-fusion really be rejected because its ONLY 28%? I don't think so…
for Giulio - I agree. "Genderless" is probably the correct term for Kaguya, because if there's only one gender, why call people "women"? That term would indicate the presence of no-longer existent males. But "genderless" wouldn't imply half-male, or ambiguous gender, because Kaguyas are ultra-femme, as CygnusX1 has noted.
for CygnusX! - the "dating agency" - you and me are both interested in these ultra-femmes, but I already got copyright. I wonder what qualities thet'd have other than long lives… hard to tell with a mouse.
for Josh - I'm so sorry. It's obvious you have a son, and I have only daughters. But… the Kaguyas could be pumped up with androgen, they'd be very "virile" after that. My next article is going to be "Suicidal Masculinity and American Football" so I guess I am being a big Mangina.
for Rebecca - I don't think male extermination is a diplomatic topic for an anniversary night out. Child-rearing? yeah, it's hard. But women seem so great at it. I watched a Koko the Gorilla youtube today and even the big she-ape was totally maternal with her pet kitten.
The Hankster is at it again. I really identified with this article because I too was benighted with Catholicism and the communion ceremony at that age of the constant boner!
But Hank's objective look at the whole idea is a bit scary. His facts are well known by now to those who read. But will my grandson be allowed to be one of the super studs Hank yearns to be? He writes "Our alliance should be with progress." not hopelessly pining away for our present masculine world.
Hank, your article is really good. Thanks.
Aloha Nui Loa,
IL Fettucinni
You'll love this TEDTalk:
Johanna Blakley: Social media and the end of gender
Media and advertising companies still use the same old demographics to understand audiences, but they're becoming increasingly harder to track online, says media researcher Johanna Blakley. As social media outgrows traditional media, and women users outnumber men, Blakley explains what changes are in store for the future of media.
You kind of glossed over the fact that Kaguya was one of only two pups that survived from an initial 457 embryos created from 'ova-fusion'. Viable Human same-sex reproduction is not in the immediate future.
I'm also skepitical of your vision of a unisex world. Why? Because it's too radical for bioconservatives and not radical enough for technoprogressives. 130 Years? Please! Any self-respecting Transhumanists wants to live for thousands of years, minimum.Transhumanists desire radical enhancements. Though post-humans may well be genderless, that will likely be their least noticable post-human attribute. There will likely be a sharp division between bioconservatives, who reject anything they associate with Transhumans (which would likely include reprogenetics), and the radical post-humans, who may also reject anything they associate with primitive Humans (like gender). I don't see much room for a middle ground where unisex Humans would fit.
Finally, I don't believe it is wise for a species to sacrifice it's ability to reproduce naturally. Eventually, there will be a massive catastrophe the decimates the population and destroys technological infrastructure. Artificial reproduction will no longer be widely available, if it's available at all. If the survivors cannot reproduce naturally, then the species is doomed to extinction.
@ summerspeaker. Yes, I am one of those people who believe that biological sex deeply affects behavior, I don't think the majority of differences are created by society. I say this partly because I was a preschool director for five years and had ample observation time, and also because I have a friend who is a geneticist who agrees with me (he has 3 sons). At the preschool, I watched girls pet guinea pigs and boys chase pigeons, girls played with dolls, boys with trains, girls weave yarn, boys sword-fight with sticks, girls say mean things to each other, boys hit. One boy was intent on memorizing the city transportation system - my geneticist friend thinks this is linked to hunting trails. I don't think masculinity and femininity are "social inventions" - I think they are biological behaviors governed by hormones, genetics, etc.
@iPan - thanks! I will watch that!
@Armand - you're right, Kaguya is one of only 2 pups who survived out of an initial 457 embryos. But that was in 2004. Four years later, 13 "Kaguyas" survived. An enormous increase, 7.5 times more! When I do the math, if this 7.5 times increase continues every four years, well, all 457 of the pups will survive by 2016, if not sooner.
I have already responded to a previous poster's comment that a 28% increase is "not good enough." Of course it isn't, even though it is by far the largest gain I've ever seen posted for any longevity "lifestyle" change. You can eat healthy food, take supplements and exercise 2 hours a day like Jack Lalanne did, and still die at 96, like he just did—gaining perhaps a 21% increase. If he was a "Kaguya" who did that he'd still be alive, until he was 123.5 years old. I propose that extreme life extension could well be gained via numerous changes in lifestyle and biology—rather than the "one big fix" you seem to be looking for.
13/2 = 6.5
I don't think that it's reasonable to expect a constant increase of 6.5 every four years. Scientific advancement isn't mechanistic; it doesn't behave like a predictable linear function. If it did, we'd have a comprehensive Theory of Everything by now.
I agree with your point that masculinity and femininity are biological, having also worked with small children for years. It also appears to me that gender identity is a product of the engendered brain, not the genitalia, or even the chromosomes. In fact, neuroscience has all but confirmed that this is the case.
I, for one, fail to see the benefits of a mono-gender world, though I am open to convincing. Aside from the obviation of gender discrimination (which is becoming less and less of a problem in developed countries all the time) what are the perks? Simplifying the public restroom system? Once human enhancement is widespread, or uploading becomes available, why would biological gender matter at all? It's like eye, hair or skin color; a minor variation between individuals. A mono-gender world seems less likely to me than a mono skin-tone world. Any thoughts?
Also, I agree with Armands statement regarding abandoning natural reproduction all together. New technology is always accompanied by new dangers, and having no fail-safes seems like a dangerous way to proceed into the future.
Which brings me to another question: if not for sexual reproduction, would humans reproduce at replacement levels? I doubt this. People generally don't reproduce because of rational decisions; they do so because it feels good, and quite by accident, really. Without "accidental" conceptions, would asexual biological humans spiral towards extinction due to a "rationality overdose"? Of course, this isn't an issue for "uploaded" humans, but it certainly concerns those who choose to live as asexual organic entities.
Gender identity is determined in the brain, not the cell nucleus. Hormones have more of an effect on the brain than chromosomes. Calling the work of many dedicated neuroscientists "sloppy research" is pretty harsh, and baseless.
Perhaps the transmen you speak of did not "adopt" these behaviors but behave in such a manner because of their masculinized brains? This is of course ignoring the fact that many of them take androgens which have a far greater effect on females than they do on males. Surely you cannot ignore the effects of hormones on human behavior.
Also, let's not forget that being old and decrepit sucks. A few extra decades of senility and using a bedpan is not something to look forward to. If the Kaguya method does not result in added years of youth and vigor, there is little apparent purpose in pursuing it. At best, rejuvenating biotechnology would nullify any advantages conferred by ova-fusion. At worst, we'll be building quite a few more senior homes to accommodate these elderly ladies.
@Edward - I apologize for my division error, but still, jumping from 2 to 13 in 4 years is impressive… My essay isn't meant to be predictive, I just want to introduce the notion that perhaps humanity going XX with ova-fusion to get 28% longevity increase and (perhaps) other societal benefits would be… worth it? You are welcome to disagree but I think it is an interesting option worth contemplating.
Regarding decrepit senility and bed-pans etc., your dismay is commonly heard, but my understanding is that the length of healthy years would be vastly increased, so it wouldn't be an additional 28% of bedpan years.
Now for some more math, you indicate concern that humans wouldn't reproduce sufficiently if we eliminated "accidental" pregnancy, but - rather obviously - "under-populating" the world isn't really a concern in the future, especially if everyone lives much much longer. Personally, I think the fear of reproduction is a huge turn-off in sex, it would be nice to not have to worry about that anymore.
You indicated that you are "open to being convinced" about the benefits of a mono-gender world, so I will think about that a while and write more later.
All y'all biological determinists should at least check out Cordelia Fine's book Delusions of Gender. Ey criticizes neuroscience from within and in a rigorous fashion you'll appreciate. Observations from within a society where people get sorted into the predefined categories of boys and girls literally before birth hardly prove anything. As you would expect, my personal experience convinces me the gender distinction comes overwhelmingly as an active social construction. I witness its maintenance on a daily if not hourly basis.
@summerspeaker—thanks for the advice, I will check out that book. Why don't you write an essay on Delusions of Gender for IEET? I have read that in Sweden the preschools give dolls to little boys and trains to the little girls in an attempt to counteract gender sterotyping—I will dig up that info and let you know. My inclination is to be a "biological determinist" but I could be much better informed on the topic.
@summerspeaker, here's an article on a Swedish couple who are raising their child without revealing its gender to anyone, so that the child can avoid be stereotyped and programmed.
The Swedes are apparently big believers in the notion that gender is a "social construct." My wife agrees with them. I don't, not yet, but I will look into it.
I am familiar with the Tithonius argument. I didn't see youthful longevity mentioned anywhere in the article, so I brought it up. Can you cite any mention of health in old age in the article?
The concept is certainly worth contemplating, though it's hardly new to me. I have long thought of gender separatism as a possibility, however unlikely.
Underpopulation isn't a problem now. Many perils, anthropogenic and otherwise, await humanity in the in the future, and in lieu of cataclysm, underpopulation could still very well become a problem if people reproduce far below replacement level, even if they live beyond 130. It's not a matter to be taken lightly.
I'll have a looksie when/if I get a chance. Hopefully it's backed by legitimate science and not a bunch of hand-waving rhetoric. That's all too common nowadays. I'll try to have an open mind, though I must admit I'm pretty convinced otherwise.
You will at least concede that hormones affect human behavior, won't you?
This is sort of off topic, but being the philosopher that I am, I simply must ask.
"I just want to introduce the notion that perhaps humanity going…".
Am I the only one who sees a problem with this notion?
I cannot understand how anyone expects humanity, as a whole, to go in any one particular direction. It has never happened in history. This is as hopeless as, say, having the whole of humanity adhering to one political ideology. Regardless of the benefits, the probability of all of humanity uniformly committing to any cause whatsoever is close to zero. The smaller the portion, the higher the odds. This should be obvious.
You are not the first author I've seen commit this apparent fallacy, but it bugs the heck out of me, so I feel compelled to mention it. I understand that the article is not meant to be predictive, yet I cannot overlook this apparent fatal flaw in reasoning that blights this and many other contemplated "possible" futures. Perhaps I am mistaken?
This is assuming, of course, that all forms of human enhancement are totally voluntary.
I know some people are less bound to their gender and would change it if offered some opportunity (e. g. increased lifespan) or eliminate at all. However, this is not the case for everyone. What if you are neither tired with your particular gender, nor with gender polarity at all? Or tired with your "unisexuality" and want to increase your distinct features of one gender and reduce those or another (whether inborn or opposite)? I think there's going to be more diversity anyway, not less. Some would definitely prefer a more risky male life over reducing risk by having periods:)
Re "This is as hopeless as, say, having the whole of humanity adhering to one political ideology. Regardless of the benefits, the probability of all of humanity uniformly committing to any cause whatsoever is close to zero."
Agreed, this should be evident. And it is also good, imagine how boring a world of identical clones would be.
@ Vx and Edward - I have certainly never had a period so I cannot talk about that. But, if I suddenly had the "magic possibility" of becoming a Kaguya and living 20 years longer, yes! I think I might go with that. I don't know what most men would say. I am 58 years old, so do I want to die in 20 years as a male or double that but be a Kaguya? The latter, I'm quite sure.
Edward, I appreciate your question but I am not sure what it is. Do I want everyone on Earth forced into being a Kaguya? Hmmm… good question. I do want to point out that with sex-selection technology, the majority of people (in Japan and the USA) are choosing for females. If they are already choosing females, why wouldn't they choose Kaguyas? Supposedly, 13 of the future's 15 most promising careers are women-dominated industries. If that is accurate, the choice becomes somewhat of an ethical concern. Should parents choose a long-lived highly-employable Kaguya, or a destined-for-unemployment male who will die young? At the risk of being offensive, I want to point out that most parents nowadays get the fetus terminated if it has Down's Syndrome. If males seem tremendously disadvantaged compared to a Kaguya, wouldn't they just fade away, anyway, due to parental decisions? There wouldn't have to be a government mandate at all.
@Vx - increasing diversity in gender? Quite honestly, when I was younger and not-at-all monogamous, I would have been interested in your proposal. But now it seems rather silly to me. You might have a case though—in a world committed to hedonism, having a wide variety of orifices and erogenous zones and members and orgasms and lots of time to try them all out, might be appealing, to some. I'd probably still prefer to just read challenging books and argue online, though. Maybe there's some compromise society will reach though, maybe there will be gender diversity in sexbots for us to play with, or detachable organs we can play with. Personally, I think the divisions that occur because people are one gender or another are unavoidable and sad, and that's much of my inclination for a mono-gendered world.
@ Giulio and Edward - I am going to be picky here, but two points:
1. Kaguyas would not be "identical clones" because they would be neither clones, nor identical. I am also not convinced that diversity in gender creates diversity in philosophical thought. I believe a mono-gendered world could be just as widely-varied politically and philosophically, perhaps even more so, because it often seems to me that "gender politics" is a wearying diversion, when we could be talking about more important issues, like economic and educational egalitarianism.
2. Why does the notion of all of humanity agreeing on something seem boring and hopeless to you? Wouldn't it be wonderful and interesting if humanity agreed on the values that IEET adheres too? Like democracy, tolerance, peace, rationality, life extension? Historically you say humanity has never agreed on anything, but cannibalism and slavery have been essentially abolished. Female Genital Mutilation will end in our lifetimes. Capital punishment might disappear. Witch-burning should vanish (from India and Africa and other places where it still persists) Really bad religions will hopefully disappear. Okay, you get my point. Everyone agreeing can be eminently desirable.
Hank - another great article. Makes me glad I have 2 daughters too. Sounds like getting rid of us males will solve lots of problems with crime & violence. Perhaps the planet can achieve utopia if you can also find a way to remove the "Republican" gene! Pura vida! - jw
It is good when some persons choose to agree on something.
It is no good when all persons are forced to agree on everything.
I think that I would too be a 'Kaguya' too, were there no better alternatives. It sounds a lot better than CR. Though I think we could do much better, I am not necessarily questioning the value of the ova fusion. I am questioning the feasibility of male elimination. Besides, I am fairly confident that males too can be produced by ova fusion, however 'superfluous' they may be.
Seventy-five percent of people who take a trip to the fertility clinic in the US and Japan choose girls. This, as you know, is by far a minority of all pregnancies in both countries. Actual birth rates tell a vastly different tale. Most people don't choose their child's gender. and if sexual reproduction continues I don't expect this to change. As I said, reproduction isn't a rational decision, and even when it 'is', its ethics and reasoning are highly questionable.
So this would somewhat skew female to male ratios (which I would no doubt welcome) but would it "eliminate males" as your article suggests? If sexual reproduction continues, eugenics and forced sterilization aside, people will continue producing non-Kaguya's and males. Let us also not forget the "irrational" and "unethical" people who will actually want a male child (currently around a quarter of clinic-goers). I don't expect their ilk to simply disappear.
In my view, the world isn't committed to hedonism. Sexual reproduction evolved for a reason, the alternative is a gradual descent into extinction. A Schopenhauer quote comes to mind.
"If the act of procreation were neither the outcome of a desire nor accompanied by feelings of pleasure, but a matter to be decided on the basis of purely rational considerations, is it likely the human race would still exist? Would each of us not rather have felt so much pity for the coming generation as to prefer to spare it the burden of existence, or at least not wish to take it upon himself to impose that burden upon it in cold blood?"
Misanthropy aside, I am inclined to agree. Humans are essentially animals, doing what animals do. Thus, humanity persists. There's nothing rational about it. It's biological programming. I doubt that biological entities are even capable of being wholly rational, but that is a discussion for another time.
Variations within species such as sexual dimorphism throughout the tree of life, to me, is beautiful. I also think a world of widely varying human skin tones is beautiful. But wouldn't a monotone 'race'-less world be easier to live in for everyone? A world where humans could not discriminate against one another or divide themselves on the basis of physical appearance? Is this truly desirable, or even feasible? How would you contrast this with a mono-gender world?
Gender division is unavoidable? Outside professional sports (tentatively), the religious realm, and public restrooms, the veil of gender division is thin, almost nonexistent. As you said yourself, the future looks rather bright for females, so I do not understand exactly what you are implying. Please elaborate.
I detest prejudice and discrimination based on inborn physical attributes, but is elimination of said attributes really the key to social harmony? As Giulio said, a world of identical clones would be quite boring. The idea that 'a mono-____ world is desirable' seems to be at best a slippery slope of egalitarianism gone awry, terminating in absolute uniformity. Harmonious coexistence, if possible, trumps elimination in all cases, at least from my perspective.
Above all, regardless, of what we find appealing, Hank, we must attend to reality when contemplating the future of humanity.
Wonderful and realistic are two very different things.
Governments agreed to abolish slavery. It is enforced, hopefully unlike future genetic enhancement.
Try telling a victim of human trafficking that no one practices slavery.
Cannibalism is very scarce, but blood libel aside, I assure you it exists.
Democracy is by no means flawless.
Desirable or not, the whole of humanity (i.e. not all world governments, but all humans) willingly cooperating is pure fantasy and fallacy.
Utopia, by its very definition, is inattainable.
Moreover, "Republican gene" is funny, but unilateral politics isn't.
You commit the same fallacy that the Nazis did.
Harmony isn't harmony if there is but one note. Forced egalitarianism isn't egalitarianism at all, and it is even more repugnant if enacted biologically.
@ Giulio - we are very much in agreement on that. I don't think anyone at IEET is interested in forcing people to agree on everything, and I certainly don't.
By the way, I am in contact with Dr. Robert Sparrow of Monash University, Australia, who I referenced in my article. He sent me the link to another one of his very interesting articles, this one is titled "Better Than Men? Sex and the Therapy Enhancement Distinction" and it's published in Project Muse of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal, by the Johns Hopkins University Press. The link is:
@Edward - thanks for your thoughtful comments. I want to mention that Giulio and I agree (on Mike Treder's global article) that we'd like to see decentralization in world politics, we'd like to see increased numbers of nations, several hundred or thousands of small nations and city-states, not just the present 194. So, you see, I do like diversity when I think it is sensible.
But I don't think "diversity" in everything is advantageous.
In languages, for example, I don't think every tongue needs to survive. The world would operate much easier if we could all communicate. I also don't see the value in numerous religions (well, I am an atheist, so I really don't see much value in any of them) And I don't see the value in every culture surviving, especially if it has unhealthy and outdated traditions. I am definitely not a "cultural relativist"—culture, in my opinion, is frequently a barrier to progressions that I'd like to see occur.
So, am I in favor of diversity in gender? It is complicated to answer that, because, what exactly is masculinity? Or femininity? Do many of the so-called gender differences only exist so that we can differentiate between them? Without men, what what Kaguya behavior be like? My answer: I think it would be quite "diverse" - much more diverse than the present, because there would be no pressure, like today, to act either male or female.
So, if I am correct with that, that only leaves a lack of diversity in sexual organs. From 2 to 1. Doesn't seem like a big reduction to me.
Plus, I thin when you talk about the whole animalistic joy in physical reproduction - well, that's just seems silly. I have personally done that, like many men, impregnated a woman, watched nine months of pregnancy and a baby come out, and I wept when the baby arrived, like I am supposed, to, but it was probably just relief that it didn't have tentacles in its forehead. I think, like I said before, that the male/female polarity is not really very interesting, and the "magnetic" parts of it, like men fawning over big boobs, is all quite stupid and maybe we should just move on. I am not in favor of people acting like animals for eternity.
Right now, I am very interested in hormones - how does testosterone affect behavior? how does oxytocin affect behavior? I am not impressed with testosterone. I think it deserves a very harsh critique. If being 'Male' requires that we unconditionally revere testosterone, count me out.
All for now, thanks for writing.
Here's another difficult question to add to my litany.
Is gender science really any better than race science? Perhaps I'm beginning to see things from Summerspeaker's point of view, or at least I appreciate it a lot more. Gender prejudice is wrong. This discussion has been very enlightening for me.
You would condone male elimination if it "[solves] lots of problems with crime & violence"?
Here's some food for thought.
Americans with African ancestry make up over 60% of prison inmates. Contrast that to the 13.4% of American prisoners with European ancestry. Also consider that Americans with African ancestry make up less than 13% of the US population.
Eliminating Americans with African ancestry would apparently have a profound effect on crime rates. Would you condone this?
Also, it's great that you have two daughters, and if I ever chose to reproduce, I'd like a girl too. It's just too bad they'd be tainted by my sperm. :p
@ Edward - ha ha you are trying to trap me! Quite Socratic of you!
You are trying to frame me as a horrible eugenicist! Fuggetaboutit!
My questions #1: why do you want to have a girl?
#2 - if you could have a Kaguya, would you?
I of course agree that "gender prejudice is wrong."
We should be kind to all living human beings, etc etc etc.
You question about eliminating all African-Americans is totally demented - they are imprisoned in high percentages due to their socio-economic status and educational background and disadvantaged childhood, etc etc, not their skin color. You already know that, don't you?
But—Question #3—when we reproduce ourselves, do we want to bring forth the healthiest, most adaptable people that we can, so that their suffering in this world is alleviated? Forget about "gender" for a while and just answer that question. If you say yes, then your vote is for Kaguya.
Do not torment me by saying you are listening to Summerspeak - don't go there! - stick with the scientific facts. I suspect that book he recommends is based entirely on some sniffly person's very lame wishful thinking. Gender is not a "social construct"—gender is the rush and ooze of chemicals to create beasts who want to copulate and reproduce.
Edward, I'm counting on you - devote your life to Kaguya!
So you like diversity, just not when it comes to people?
People act like animals because they are animals. Sophisticated animals, but animals nonetheless. As long as humans remain animals they will continue to behave as such, for better or worse. I understand that the phrase "acting like an animal" has negative connotations, but right now, we are both acting like animals. So is everyone else on the planet. We are animals. Some are more bestial than others.
Gender is not binary. Gender is a wide spectrum. A 50% decrease is massive.
"Men fawning over big boobs"? That is a curious statement. Some men fawn over women. Some fawn over other men. Some men are not interested in sex at all.
You seemed to have very strong opinions on what masculinity and femininity are. Perhaps I misread you.
Strange. I always thought that gender equality was an important part of enlightenment and thus transhumanist thought, but it seems that misandry is more acceptable. To be frank, I see it as being no better than any other form of prejudice, irregardless of who it is practiced by. Not all men are alike, and to judge them all the same is wrong and reprehensible.
Testosterone is a molecule. Judging it is meaningless. (FYI, women produce testosterone as well, and are more strongly affected by it than males are.) Men, on the other hand, are people. They deserve be judged according to their character, not by their gender. If you feel otherwise, then we disagree on a very profound level.
Our preferences are largely inconsequential. Humans as individuals will choose their own paths, and in all likelihood, many of them will choose paths that do not lead to our desired outcome, however justified or baseless that desire might be.
You don't seem like the eugenicist type. I am trying to convince you of what I believe is a fault in your logic.
Why a daughter?
I have a niece who is the joy of my life. She is one of the most intelligent and well rounded children I have ever known. A scholar, and a excellent gymnast (she's 6), she's been reading since she was a toddler, and recently won her school's spelling bee.
Whenever I think of her, it fills me with pride. Interestingly, her behavior is somewhat "masculine", like her mother, my sister, but at other times. Very assertive. Sometimes I envy her parents. So she is partly the reason I want a daughter.
That, and I want to name my child after my mother, who is one of the greatest people I have ever known. She rose from poverty to become a successful entrepreneur, the first in her family to graduate from college, let alone, earn a master's degree, and an important influence in her community. She inspires me.
So yes I would like a daughter, not that I feel that a son would be inferior. But I don't think that I could in good conscience bring her into today's world. It would be so unworthy of her. If I could give my daughter a better life, I would do so at any personal cost. Sure, she'd be a Kaguya. If I had a son, I'd want him to be a Kaguya as well.
Of course the question concerning African Americans was demented. It was rhetorical. An analogy. You can understand the social struggle of African Americans, but you can generalize men as being "bad by nature"? That is no less demented.
Society has a rather weighty effect on human behavior. Perhaps many men are the way they are because of social conditions? I refuse to say men in general, because all men are not the same. The more we discuss the matter, the more I believe Summerspeaker's view of gender apart from biological sex has merit. I do not wholly agree, but I now think that it is more complex than pure biology.
All thoughts are caused by rushes and oozes of chemicals. Sex between any consenting individuals (of consensual age, of course) is not a bad thing. Neither is reproduction.
I have no qualms with Kaguya. I think the research can potentially do great things for humanity. I am also adamant about freedom and equality, including gender equality. I could never teach young males that they are in any way inferior to females, or vice versa. Thus I would never adhere to any ideology that professes this. It is equivalent to any other form of supremacism. Absolutely disgusting.
Gender becoming less important is what I believe to be truly desirable. Race as well. Seeking to eliminate gender, or race, through technology is a terrible misuse of technology for the very same reasons. I hold the belief that technology is not the best way to enact social change. I hope that one day, race, gender and other in-born differences between humans will be something to be celebrated, not something to despise, or divide, and that we will all united by our shared humanity. It will be difficult, but the result would be a wonderful world full of individuals: females, males, genderless, kaguyas, clones, AI's, uploads, etc. all coexisting and respecting one another as people. I hoped that was what transhumanism was truly about. Perhaps I hoped for too much.
@Edward - thank you for devoting your time and thought to these questions. Please don't think that I represent "transhumanism" - and that you do not—this website is a just a forum, a place to discuss ethical matters such as this. I appreciate your point of view, sincerely! And I think you have misinterpreted mine - you seem to be adding notions to my essay that I did not, and would not include.
@Edward re "Strange. I always thought that gender equality was an important part of enlightenment and thus transhumanist thought, but it seems that misandry is more acceptable…"
Exactly. It seems that attacking men, white people and straight people has become politically correct and fashionable in some circles.
But, following common sense, I think discrimination against men is gender discrimination, discrimination against white people is racism, and discrimination against straight people is discrimination based on sexual preferences.
Equality is equality is equality. It means that people are equal and nobody is less equal than others.
@ Edward.. Very good, and indeed very Socratic in style!
I don't believe for an instant that anyone here is proposing or supporting eugenics or gender manipulation as solution to any perceived social or biological problems? And it shows how we can so easily tie ourselves into corners with our own rhetoric and reasoning of problems and solutions into either A or B, XX or XY?
Biology supports sexual identity yet our sociocultural values also supports our reasoning and sexual behaviours. Imagine two men or two women stranded on a desert Isle their needs supported only by each other? Could they come to love each other emotionally and sexually through their own needs for social and sexual intimacy?
Now regarding your last paragraph! Once again highlighting that everyone here really does have the same values and excellent ideals. Yet let me take liberty to ask, how would you propose to inspire and motivate towards these ideals? What would be your methodology for success?
We attack straight white dudes because of their current and historical social dominance. It's the oppressive cultural narratives of straight, white, and dude supremacy that we wish to destroy. There's obviously nothing inherently wrong with the associated genetic and phenotypical characteristics, nor in engaging in sex acts with whomever you please. I share with intellectuals such as Shulamith Firestone, James Baldwin, John Stoltenberg, and Noel Ignatiev the desire to abolish gender and race as relevant categories.
@Summerspeaker: Then please attack "the current and historical social dominance of straight white dudes" and we can agree. I also share the desire to abolish gender and race as relevant categories.
But attacking "straight white dudes" qua "straight white dudes" is sexist, racist, and intolerant of sexual preferences.
When I first posted on this forum, I was a biological determinist.
Upon contrasting Summerspeaker's views with my own, I was forced into a state of cognitive dissonance. After taking Summerspeaker's advice, and having a glance at Cordelia Fine's Delusions of Gender, my view has profoundly changed. I urge you all to follow suit. Then, tell me if gender science amounts to anything other than a shaky platform on which to base prejudices.
Yes. Biological determinism amounts to no more than prejudice.
My perspective has shifted 180 degrees. I refuse to assume anything about anyone's character based on their biology alone. Thus, I reject biological determinism.
Gender science gives rise to works such as Goldberg's The Inevitability of Patriarchy. In my view, patriarchy is no better than or apartheid, and like any other form of supremacism, it must disappear. I am confident that it will. It lessens all the time. It is my sincere hope that when enhancement becomes available to all, such archaic social constructs will have crumbled away.
Thank you.
I hold the belief that gender-identity is not polar. It is a spectrum. Not all XY persons are very "masculine" and not all XX's are very "feminine". Some XY's are very masculine and some XX's are very feminine. Some XY's are very feminine and some XX's are very masculine. Some people are gender neutral, at or close to the center of the spectrum. Each of these, and everything in between, in my opinion, is completely acceptable.
I don't think that "masculinity" and "femininity" are themselves the problem; all people embody varying degrees of both. The problem arises in that society tends to oversimplify and thus polarize gender, leaving many stranded within the turbulent void between being a "woman" or a "man". Perhaps one day we will all see gender as a broad spectrum rather than a binary, and that void will disappear.
I often find myself wishing that the English language contained gender neutral third person pronouns; in internet discussions, I often find myself painstakingly avoiding the use of 'he' and 'she', as I try to make no assumptions about gender. This will be an issue in a future where people are not bound by binary gender.
In your hypothetical situation, notwithstanding my belief in the fluidity of human sexuality, I believe without a doubt that they could and would. In fact it'd say that it is likely.
My etiology of social ills, much less my methodology for overcoming them, would likely amount to a doctoral thesis. But I will make a few points.
Firstly, I don't think promoting diversity is actually necessary. We humans are neurologically diverse, and we will all find our own paths to enhancement. There is no one route that all humans will take. This should be evident. We mustn't expect everyone to follow what we believe to be the best path. We mustn't sacrifice diversity for the sake of bettering society. That is tantamount to Nazism.
Promoting acceptance, not tolerance, of other people based on their character and not their social group is paramount. I think that we can do better than to tolerate our fellow sapient beings. Tolerance requires prejudice. We must come to accept people as individuals, not tolerate them as groups. This is not to say that social groups are negative. Yet generalizing people according to what social group they belong to is potentially harmful.
Above all, it is clear to me that prejudice is the enemy of social progress. Generalization feeds a potentially vicious cycle, wherein people, especially young people, learn to become what they are expected to be by society at large, for better or worse. Few are fortunate enough to escape the maelstrom. Those that do not are stripped of their individuality. Those that do have a moral obligation to counteract this force.
Social education is the key. Many people live such insular lives that they are unable to understand or empathize with anyone outside of their small world. Society is heterogenous, but it need not be immiscible; it mustn't. Social education is the surfactant. Reaching outside of our comfort zone into the real world around us is essential to gaining an understanding of one another and dispelling the prejudices and fallacious beliefs we will have inevitably acquired living an insular life. Society is becoming more of a mixture, especially in metropolitan areas. When we achieve a truly global society, I think we will have largely overcome this.
@ Hank
One cannot profess a belief in equality and simultaneously contend that society would be better off without persons of a specific biological nature. Society is better off without illness, and without people of poor character. I think that you know this, and bringing this to light has been the primary aim of my argument. Your article portrays an all female world as one that is superior to a world of heterogeneous genders. You cannot believe this and also believe in gender equality. I mean only to persuade you to reconsider your stance.
Thank you for your correspondence, and for taking the time to write this article. As I said, this discussion has been very enlightening.
It is refreshing to know that you agree. When perusing transhumanist articles, it often seemed so me that the ideals of freedom and equality were lost to many within the realm of transhumanism. Your statement is reassuring, and I regard your opinion more highly than you may know.
@ Summerspeaker
I went ahead and purchased Delusions of Genders. It is an eye opener. I did not expect it to be when you first mentioned it. I thought this book would book be full rubbish, not that gender science was full of rubbish. I thank you for referring me to it.
I never thought we would agree on so many matters.
I also agree with Giulio that attacking anyone on such a basis is wrong, though I'm sure that wasn't the intention of your statement.
@ "James" and others—I want to talk about "Rules of Argumentation" for a bit.
Yesterday, "James" chose to debate in a way that I find quite distracting. It is a technique that is often used, my wife uses it too, and it drives me crazy. It goes like this: I said "X + Y = Z ", and then James said, well, "A + B = C and C sounds a lot like Z so you believe C." When I don't.
To break it down, I said that, "Kaguyas live 28% longer and Men are perhaps less employable in the future so maybe we should think about all becoming Kayugas?" To which James replied, "Most people in jail are African-Americans, and you wanted to eliminate men because Kaguyas are better, so that means you also want to eliminate African-Americans, too, right?" I hope you can see that applying this type of logic to a discussion is irritating and senseless.
When I write about X + Y = Z, that is all I want to talk about it. Telling me that I must also mean A + B = C is silly and sophomoric.
This is my analysis of what it is: "James" and people in general, often seek fundamental positive values, that they can apply to the solving of difficult ethical and political questions. This is Socratic/Platonic. James wants to know what is "good" so he decides that "diversity" is good, and that "elimination" is bad, therefore my Kaguya notion is "bad" because it reduces diversity. Plus, he decides that my notion that "elimination = good" means I might want to off African-Americans.
This happened before when I wrote about Israel. I was besieged with the equation that "theocracies are bad, therefore Israel should not exist." Once again, trying to solve complex questions with second grade arithmetic.
Plato searched for value, and his thinking is commendable but 2,500 years old. Let's remember that his "Republic" was so fascistic that Mussolini kept a copy by his bed. I find it amusing that Plato's name has 80% of the letters of Pol Pots, and they both imagined societies in harshly prejudicial ways. Pol Pot's logic was, "intellectuals usually oppose me, and they often wear glasses, so I will execute everyone who wears glasses." This always frightened me, since I am bespectacled.
What I believe - and I think we all do, if we are willing to exercise our minds briefly instead of just seeking the easy answer - is that values are guidelines but there are numerous exceptions. This would be utilitarian. Even Quakers, who espouse pacifism, enlisted in large numbers in World War II. Good Dutch Protestants who would ordinarily never lie, had no trouble telling Nazis that they weren't hiding Jews.
The problem with seeking and then enslaving yourself to "fundamental values" is that then, you become a narrow-minded fundamentalist idiot. Complex issues aren't going to be solved by using elementary arithmetic with simple values. I think ethical/social/political issues are more like the English language, full of idioms, with rules-that-are-frequently broken.
Okay, there's my say on that. Let's stick to the topic that the articles address, and not leap in and try to solve convoluted issues with cheesy, simple proverbs or imperious cookie-cutter values.
Hank, the awkward mention of African Americans and prison does at least question biological determinism. We don't currently have sufficient information to conclude dudely violence comes entirely or primarily from the Y chromosome.
Is James a straw man? He certainly sounds like one.
If anything, elimination is the easy answer to a hard social problem.
Kaguya is just fine by me. I think, and hope, that Kaguya will coexist with the rest of non-Kaguya humanity.
I have come to the realization that perhaps I owe you an apology.
I sense resent in your words, and I don't want to end the discussion like this. I allowed my feelings to compromise this discussion. I have long been frustrated by the ideology of certain circles withing transhumanism, and I directed that frustration at you. For that, I am sorry.
I think this discussion was intended to be about whether or not an all female society of Kaguyas would be a change for the better. From current day society, yes I think it would be. I do not feel like a society of Kaguya's would be optimal, however, because I want to see everyone make it to the future. Heck, a future with no males means a future without me.
Hank, we need not agree on the value of biological diversity in humans. As I said, I don't believe all humans will ever agree on anything, so perhaps it was hypocritical of me to expect you to agree with me. We needn't share the same values; that doesn't mean that we are opponents.
I think I've said all that I can say on this matter.
@ Edward—an apology isn't at all necessary! You have been a great participant in this discussion and I thank you for that! Please stick around and make more comments, if not here, then on other articles—we are happy to have you! We transhumanists welcome you!
thanks again!
No, I feel that an apology is necessary.
I hijacked this discussion, and in my narrow-mindedness, made an earnest attempt at forcing my arguably Pollyannaish beliefs on you, however unsuccessful it might have been. I attacked a position that you clearly were not interested in defending, and engaged in hypocrisy. For this I must apologize. That is no way for anyone to conduct themself on a forum intended for the open sharing of ideas and opinions, and is in contrast to my beliefs. I am glad to know that you do not resent me for it.
Though I gained much insight through this discussion, I do not believe that the ends justified the means.
I am not sure whether or not I am a transhumanist, or if I wish to be one. At one point, I thought that transhumanism was the school of thought I most identified with, but now I am more unsure than ever. Some things that I hold to be profoundly meaningful may simply be incongruous with transhumanist values, whatever they may be. I am a younger and less experienced person than you are, which accounts for (but does not excuse) my errors in judgment, yet I believe there are some fundamental values and beliefs that I will never relinquish.
Regardless, thank you for the invitation.
@ Edward—what are those "fundamental values and beliefs" that you "will never relinquish"? Tell us! Are they religious? C'mon! Join the transhumanists and Live Forever with Infinite Knowledge. Join us join us join us…. seriously. Let me guess. You are about 19, right? Studying philosophy at a good private school? Maybe parochial? We'll never tell.
I have no religious or spiritual beliefs. I would describe myself as a secularist and an agnostic.
I believe in freedom of expression and equality above all else, and I value diversity throughout the tree of life. I am against unjust prejudices and discrimination. I believe in enlightenment thought. Nothing will ever change this.
I am a 24 year old graduate student. Educated in public school, attending a public university. Biochemistry is my field, and though I am a philosopher by nature, I have never studied it outside of Logic 109. To be honest, I had never heard of the Socratic method before you made mention of my unwitting use of it.
I'm not sure if I'm cut out for transhumanism. I once thought I knew what transhumanism was about, but much of what I have learned since then has left me disillusioned. I certainly believe that everyone should have the freedom to seek and obtain whatever enhancements they desire. Beyond that I am unsure.
@ Edward - you are a perfect candidate for transhumanism and we welcome you. Everything you believe in - The Enlightenment, freedom, equality, diversity, enhancement - is important to transhumanists. Your biochemistry field of study and philosophical interests are ideal. We welcome your thoughts and criticisms. Stick around! I share your dismay with some (small) aspects of transhumanism, but all-in-all, I am having a great time with this brainy, inquisitive, ambitious, and highly-optimistic crowd, and I know you will too.
As Mike says, not all IEET writers and staff self-identify as transhumanists. But some certainly do.
As one of them, I wish to join Hank in welcoming Edward and inviting him to talk to transhumanists here and elsewhere. Edward, as far as I am concerned, "everyone should have the freedom to seek and obtain whatever enhancements they desire" is _the_ definition of transhumanism, and all the rest follows.
In particular, it follows that all enhancements that people may desire should be researched, developed and deployed without any interference motivated by abstract "ethical", religious or metaphysical noise.
"In particular, it follows that all enhancements that people may desire should be researched, developed and deployed without any interference motivated by abstract "ethical", religious or metaphysical noise. "
What does this mean? Is it even possible? Isn't the absence of an ethical stance also an ethical stance?
When we are looking at deployment, we shouldn't be considering an "abstract" ethical stance such as "justice" or eventual access of the technology?
I'm pretty new here myself. If this is a "ground rule" I want to be sure I understand it.
Some of the earlier literature (circa late 1990s) talked about reducing standards around human testing. Is that abstract or concrete? If not in the "research devlopment or deployment", then where and when do ethics apply?
@dor: "justice" or eventual access of the technology are not abstract ethical issues, but practical issues that have an impact on the quality of life and happiness of actual people.
What I mean by abstract ethical issue are things like "Will of God", "Respect for Nature", "Objective Good", "Human Dignity" (as opposed to the well being of actual humans)... and other big words with no real meaning.
Cool. Thanks
Typical anti-male rhetoric we have come to expect from popular culture. Misandry to the core. Nothing new here - move along.
"Typical anti-male rhetoric we have come to expect from popular culture. Misandry to the core. Nothing new here - move along."
What are you worried about? men control women, and will for a very long time. Don't get your panties in a bunch.
"draw the line at trollery and refuse to engage with those who are blatantly disrespectful or simply irrelevant."
Depends on their ages. If it's an old misogynist, the waste of time is disproportionate to the edification. However a 24 year old Edward just doesn't know how women are "more sinned against than sinning." He can be brought around.
I didn't realize the full extent of mens' domination of women until the November 2010 election; now it is apparent the GOP/Tea Party is merely using women such as Palin to act as attractive bait to sell patriarchy under a different jacket.
The old switcheroo.
But IMO the biggest mistake is thinking 'the' Patriarchy (it is not a homogenous Old Boys club) is truly opposed to h+. If they can figure a way to make their people live longer, and those they don't care about live shorter lives, they will be more interested.
@postfuturist.. I'd be interested to know more about how you experienced the November 2010 election, and what convinced you about "the full extent of mens' domination of women". I have my own theories about this (crucial) subject, but I'm really intrigued by your reference to this election. For me it had more to do with backlash against the party in power and fission in the Republican party than gender relations, but I only observed it from a distance (i.e. Europe), and I was following Tim Ferris's information-free diet at the time.
I confused LanceSmith with Edward and got Burt's name wrong on another thread—from trying to read and type too fast without thinking fast enough. It is quite surprising Lance should think IEET, which consists mostly of males, would be misandrous.
One of the attractions of h+ is the decisiveness involved: a transhumanist chooses radical lifespan extension and sticks with it. At any rate I chose h+ to make a decision, as being naturally vacillating, it was a way to stop the doubts of abandoning traditional thinking—the comforts of nostalgia—to cease going back & forth between bio-conservatism and bio-progressivism. Not making a decision is making a decision, too… yes, dithering is making decisions!
it had, still has, more to do with Sarah Palin, she appears to be the big news: a strong, attractive (even if her politics are rightwing paranoid) female GOP candidate- the first one ever, IMO. Yet you as a European may see it more clearly with the aid of distance.
If one gets too close to something, the details get fuzzy.
I think society would be better served by keeping women subservient in the home to serve as nothing but baby factories while men go out to create a space fairing civilization. Women would never do that. Women like to "stay safe" and let the men go out and risk their lives in uncharted territories so the women back at home can enjoy an improved standard of living with the goods the remaining few return home.
Because, you see, women are more selfish than men. They spend more, they consume more, they're a greater drain of resources. Since men don't live as long men are greener than women. Women want their diamonds, even if it means some stranger on the other side of the world gets his hands cut off. They need to be validated. A man working his life away so he can afford to buy her expensive jewelry to assuage her vainglorious vanity; she needs that house and kids and that perfect man to dress up like a doll and complain at over trivial idiocy because she gets off from the antagonism. Of all domestic relationships, lesbians are the most violent. Women kill their children at higher rates than fathers. Oh yes, a world nothing but THAT certainly sounds superior.
Does that sounds bad to you? Does it sound vulgar and sexist and low brow?
That's exactly how you sound when you talk about men like that.
Hank Pellissier has serious issues. He says:
"Personally, I'm tired of today's gender polarity, the boy-girl chasm, with segregated shopping and play, the dominance-submissive flirting games, the mating and marriage manuals, the seduction rituals, the opening lines, the Mars and Venus dichotomy. Yeah, I'm sick of it. I'm ready to try something else."
Fair enough, I'm sick and tired of that too. But appealing to gendercide as some sort of solution? (The Final Solution I might add?) On a bioethics website of all places! My goodness. I'm kind of at a loss for words. Because, you know, I thought diversity was a good thing. I think diversity is a good thing. This is the exact opposite. I call it intolerance.
Women do many bad things in society. It's not because a patriarchy made them do it. It's because women can make choices and many of them make bad choices. So, when looking at this in perspective, there is no big difference that sets men and women apart as members of society. They both have inherent value. Both do great things and both do bad things. So arbitrarily cherry picking good things about women, while ignoring the bad things about men; simultaneously singling out bad things about men and focusing only on good things about women. That is the very definition of intolerance. It's also called self hate for obvious reasons.
I'm glad Hank brought up feminist separatism. I'm glad he unambiguously stated, expressly and without reservation, that lesbian separatism is about the eradication of men. I'm glad he brought up feminism in general. The very fact that feminism is relevant in this discussion says volumes about the ideology. Indelibly, it's an ideology of intolerance and hate. It's an ideology which has pervaded society so vastly that something like this monstrosity of an article appears on an *ethics* website of all places. Dare I say, feminism has driven Hank to self hatred. It has taught him to see only good things about women and reinforce only bad things about men. If one learns to see beyond such a simplified world view and actually see the side of masculinity that is full of integrity, sacrifice and compassion then perhaps one can begin to heal oneself. Perhaps learn to not beat oneself up as being evil for no other reason than being born a male.
Most of us writing and blogging at this site are male; how can you think we are going to do anything to jeopardize our positions? you are imagining self-abnegation where there is none.
Hank said:
To which James replied, "Most people in jail are African-Americans, and you wanted to eliminate men because Kaguyas are better, so that means you also want to eliminate African-Americans, too, right?" I hope you can see that applying this type of logic to a discussion is irritating and senseless.
So how is the situation with blacks in prison any different? You see a social problem with the way men are. So you see elimination as the solution. Okay then, we're making judgments on entire demographics of people. Yet those people are still individuals. You just clump them together using statistics, generalizations, stereotypes and sex. Why not make such generalizations about people based upon statistics, generalizations, stereotypes and race? Let's cull any demographic which has undesirable statistics attached to it.
I can imagine you don't like that logic. Of course you don't, it portrays you as a bigot. Well, perhaps the problem isn't with the logic but with you.
Methinks Kai doth protest too much. While there's a grain of truth in some of what he (I suppose it's a he!!!) says, his interpretation of Hank's comments is so grossly caricaturial that it must be at some level the result of some kind of neurosis.
Kai, are you sure *you* don't hate yourself? If not, where *is* all this anger coming from?
Can you inform me, Peter Whicks, how one can think so low of one's sex yet have such a high self esteem of oneself?
By the way in a more general sense I'm inclined to share iPan's belief that we will eventually (and perhaps quite soon) transcend gender altogether. Ultimately I don't really believe that the current male-female dichotomy corresponds to humanity's deepest desires. No doubt the characteristics that we currently regard as male, and those we regard as females (including those caricatured by Kai) will survive, but they will fission and recombine in new ways.
Perhaps we may transcend. But it may not be for a hundred years or more. So why does half the population need to be marginalized in the process?
Good job actually answering my question by the way.
@Kai..I think it really depends on how strongly we identify with our gender. Speaking for myself: it's certainly part of who I am, but it's really not the most important part. And you don't have to hate yourself in order to deplore the effects of testosterone on human behaviour. You pretty much just need to have values similar to those of Hank, and which I also share - that is to say long life, joy, peace and prosperity - and have a sound knowledge of science and history.
Hmm, right. I have a lot of problems with that. If it's any other demographic: women, jews, blacks, native americans, so on - if they suffer from a shorter life, more health problems, etc. we don't seek ways to "phase out" that demographic. Instead, we find ways to help. You'll have to explain to me why men are so different that, instead of finding ways to solve those medical problems we should instead single them out to be "phase them out" (an "enlightened" way of saying gendercide).
Well, my starting point is the closing sentences of Hank's post: "Our alliance should not be with an either/or gender. Our alliance should be with progress. Long or immortal life, peace, joy, and prosperity." Personally I'm pretty utilitarian/consequentialist in my thinking: my motto is, "Whatever works," as long as the goal corresponds to my values.
One thing that sets men - and in particular white men such as myself - apart from the other demographic groups you mention is that we haven't suffered any major historical injustice. on the contrary, we've kind of been ruling the world. I think Hank's piece was deliberately provocative (he can confirm!), and my own view of our record is perhaps somewhat less negative, but I think it's important to recognize the biological routes of our bad behaviour through history, and draw appropriate conclusions for the future. Self-criticism does not equal self-hatred.
Helping people *now* works. We can help half the population now by doing what I prescribe, instead of helping unborn people from a hypothetical future. So much of what Keith says is a consequence of men living longer is sociological. We can extend mens' lives by putting more money in to male specific diseases and challenging social pressures that prevents men from adopting healthier habits. "What ever works" huh? I doubt that's your motto.
Historically men have suffered at the hands of oppression with the rest of the world. There's a window of a few centuries where a larger percentage of the white populace oppressed others, but it's a small window out of thousands of years.
As a utilitarian, you of all people should appreciate the historical role of patriarchy. As a consequentialist, you should approve of men creating the civilization that we have, patriarchy and all, in order to make ova-infusion possible.
Kai, I came to this thread fairly late, and was mainly reacting to what appeared to me to be a gross caricature of what Hank had actually said. Where in his post does Hank appeal to "gendercide"? What he's talking about, if I've understood him correctly, is the application of technology, and there of *human choice and self-determination*, i.e. a refusal to arbitrarily limit progress for fear of "playing God", to the future of the species.
You say we should help people now rather than "helping unborn people from a hypothetical future". No quarrel with helping people now (including the measures you suggest), but are we wrong also to envisage possible futures, and decide among them?
Regarding the historical role of the patriarchy, I'm not exactly sure what you mean by "appreciate". Do you mean I should be glad it happened? To what end? Do you mean I should oppose any attempt to supplant it? Surely that depends on whether we think we can do better.
Kai and Peter - my thanks to you both for reviving this thread!
It is true what Peter said, I don't advocate killing men off, I just posed the question - what will couples do if having a "Kaguya" is an option in their family? You can ask yourself that question - would you like to have a child that would live 28% longer? I noted that if this option was highly used it would lead to the elimination of the male gender. I don't think that is a "provocative" question, it is just a practical query very related to the fact that parents via in-vitro can do "sex selection" of offspring today.
Kai has pointed out, quite correctly, that perhaps it would be wise to dedicate funds to improving male longevity now, since males are lagging behind females in this category. I don't know enough details to respond to that, but my guess is that there has consistently been a great deal of money poured into male disease alleviation. The easiest way to find out, I suppose, is to just compare public funding of prostate cancer research to public funding for breast cancer research.
That aside, I want to assure Kai that I don't hate myself, or want to kill all living males. However, I think it is perhaps not necessary to prolong the "male gender" if we can develop improved new gender types that have advantages in lifespan and other important categories.
I think maleness and "patriarchy" has been crucially important in the development of our species and I am generally proud of male accomplishments, but I don't particularly see the need to continue the gender if there are healthier alternatives.
thanks again for writing in
Peter Wicks:
"And you don't have to hate yourself in order to deplore the effects of testosterone on human behaviour."
Unless you hate peacefulness, fairness, or sex, there's no reason to deplore the affects of testosterone on human behavior.
Just thought I'd correct you. Personally, I deplore ignorance.
Also, just in case you didn't know, it is entirely possible for a male to be a misandrist. You probably knew that, though.
@Nicer..Thanks for the link, which I found genuinely interesting. But it's just one study.
You say deplore ignorance. I have a somewhat more ambiguous position. I certainly like to be accurate with my pronouncements, so I'm grateful for this information, which seems to call into question my assumption that testosterone, as such, is responsible for violent behaviour. The main point I was making stands however: you don't have to hate yourself in order to depplare the effects of testosterone on human behaviour. Perhaps you just have to be ignorant.
Yes I did know that it's possible for a male to be a misandrist, thanks.
Peter, that study is one of multiple repeated studies exhibiting the same findings. There are no scientific studies linking testosterone to aggression or violence, or anything deplorable. The scientific community at large regards the testosterone-aggression linkage it as a debunked myth.
If you choose to believe that testosterone has a "deplorable" affects on human behavior despite scientific evidence to the contrary, go ahead. I just think I should warn you, I believe that's what most people would call 'fundamentalism', and it's generally frowned upon within 'enlightened' circles.
Your article suggests another angle on the growing awareness of the evolution of humanity beyond the survivalist impulses of previous paradigms, which I appreciate. Instead of coupling for procreative purposes as a survivalist paradigm might demand, coupling is freed and available for co-creative purposes. Women are freed from being in the service of the species, men are freed from fulfilling their masculine roles. Procreation becomes strictly voluntary, creativity is available for many life-enhancing projects, the concept and practice of love expands beyond its heterosexual versions, and heterosexuality becomes a matter of choice that is one amongst many. I see it as potentially progressive, too, where men and women alike get to discover heretofore undiscovered ways of being human, to expand prevailing concepts of love and creativity, and to expand our appreciation for each other as we are freed to experience masculine and feminine social qualities in new configurations.
This link concerns a surrogate, not parthenogenesis, but it's quite 21st century:
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text: Benvenuti a Hotel Dama, a cozy new boutique hotel in the heart of Rome. With over 15 years of experience in the Roman tourism sector, we will help make your stay in Rome an extraordinary experience.Located in a quiet and elegant Roman palazzo, Hotel Dama is just steps away from Termini Station, the main hub of Rome's transportation network. From Termini you can catch a ride on both Metro lines, a vast array of bus lines, the express train to Leonardo Da Vinci International Airport, and shuttle buses to Ciampino Airport. Just out the door you'll find a typical Italian street market on weekdays as well as cafes and a deli. Laundromat services are just around the corner, as well as a variety of restaurants.

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Incredipede day one Steam sales surpassed previous four months combined
Colin Northway of Northway Games shed some light on the sales of Incredipede, which just recently landed on Steam. It turns out the colorful indie puzzler wasn't an instant hit when it first launched. Since hitting Steam, however, things have changed considerably, and Incredipede managed to sell more during its first day on the popular digital download site than in the past four months combined.
"It's really good," Northway told Joystiq. "I mean, it wasn't good for the four months, but it was good for the one day. And now it's doing well. It didn't just drop off to nothing. It's not going to make us rich, but we're actually going to get paid for the work we did. We have enough money to make another game."
It's good to see such an entertaining indie title doing well. It's also exciting to think that Northway now has the funds to work on a new project. Here's hoping it's as pretty and inventive as Incredipede.
Want to talk about indie games, Kirby, or cheap pizza? Follow me on Twitter @dr_davidsanchez.


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Hargreaves still harbours United ambition
Manchester United and England midfielder Owen Hargreaves took his first tentative steps on the road to full fitness last night and declared he had some "unfinished business" to attend to.
Hargreaves has been sidelined for 18 months with a chronic tendinitis problem he did not feel was adequately dealt with when it was first diagnosed.
Hargreaves subsequently underwent surgery on both knees under the guidance of renowned Colorado-based knee specialist Dr Richard Steadman.
The 29-year-old came back to United's Carrington training complex, since when it has been an agonisingly slow process just to reach the point of making a 45-minute appearance in the Red Devils' reserve side's 2-0 win over Burnley at Altrincham's Moss Lane ground last night.
"Absolutely it's unfinished business," said Hargreaves.
"I had a very successful time at Bayern Munich and won everything. But I wanted a change. I wanted a challenge. I wanted to play for Manchester United.
"I wanted to come here and win the Champions League. We did that but I didn't really celebrate that season in Moscow.
"I was disappointed that I'd missed games. Although I had an impact, it wasn't as big as I would have wanted.
"I am 29 but hopefully I have a lot of time left in football and those dreams can become reality."
Hargreaves arrived from Bayern with the tendinitis problem but completed around half United's games during that first season, including that famous Champions League final win over Chelsea in the Luzhniki Stadium.
Little did he know he was making the injury much worse.
"Not everybody's right and people make mistakes. That's part of life," he said. "Ideally they don't involve you. When they do, you aren't too happy about it.
"In the end I missed two full seasons for Man United. I came here with high expectations for myself, and from the club's side of it, and the fans. To not to be able to play from 27 to 29 is incredibly disappointing."
With time running out, it seems unlikely Hargreaves could mount a serious bid to play in this summer's World Cup.
Yet he has not entirely ruled the prospect out, saying: "I would love to have the opportunity to play again but I will have to see how I progress."
Belfast Telegraph


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- Doctors
- Texas
- Austin
- Cardiologists
- Dr. Edward R. Chafizadeh
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Ratings for Dr. Edward R. Chafizadeh
Well I can vouch for the austere waiting room and I would not eat anything that fell on the floor. That said, my experience with the staff and Dr Chafizadeh was first rate.
This office has a filthy waiting room trash everywhere. There are extreamly long wait times. The receptionist is not warm and friendly at all. This Dr's nurse is a Mess and very very disorganized. Good luck getting a call back with reuses you will have to call many times. There are better places than here. I would NOT recommend this place.
I was referred to Dr. Chafizadeh by my PCP upon finding an abnormal ekg. However, I decided to do some research on my own about cardiologist in Austin. Dr. Chafizadeh was not only rated as a top doc, but he has been on the super docs list for years. I was very anxious as any 46 year old woman would be who had a 2 abnormal EKG's. He was warm, kind, and a good listener. He did not rush during the appointment as most physicians these days do. He has an excellent bedside manner. I would recommend him to anyone looking for an excellent cardiologist.
Was referred to him from an ER. He took the time to make me feel comfortable that he knows what he is talking about. If I ever need a cardiologist in the future, I am going directly to Dr. Chafizadeh.
Dr. Edward R. Chafizadeh's Credentials
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Baylor > Army ROTC > Constituencies > Prospective Students
Active duty, National Guardsmen, Army Reservists, and Veterans who desire to promote into the officer ranks by going green to gold or use the Guaranteed Reserve Forces Duty (GRFD) or the Dedicated Army National Guard (DEDNG) scholarships available through the Army Reserve Officer Training Course (ROTC) and for Veterans who want to put their Post 911 or GI Bill benefits to good use also are potential prospects for the Army ROTC program.
Students that desire to join the Army Nurse Corps as an Army Officer can enjoy salary progression, career mobility, and specialization which may include graduate education, while working in a professional environment that provides autonomy of practice. The Army ROTC Nurse program is the place to start strong.
Speight Plaza | 1521 S. 4th St, 1st Floor | Waco, TX 76706 | Office: (254) 710-3136


text:
The Brewers Vice President of Communications Tyler Barnes talked with FOX 6 in Milwaukee. Barnes says Hank is no longer a stray. However, he would not say who adopted the dog.
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Barnes said the team would have more information soon.
Hank showed up at Brewers training camp in Arizona Feb. 17. The Brewers say they had been looking for his owners.
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Halliburton Company (NYSE:HAL) is a provider of services and products to the energy industry related to the exploration, development, and production of oil and natural gas. In this article, let's take a look at this company and try to explain to investors the reasons this is an apparently appealing investment.
Top Three
The company serves practically all the oil and natural gas companies throughout the world and operates under two segments: Completion and Production and Drilling and Evaluation. The company has manufacturing operations in various locations, including the U.S., Canada, Malaysia, Mexico, Singapore and the UK. It is among the top three players in each of its segments, and is present in all major hydrocarbon-producing regions of the entire world. Although the U.S. is the single largest oilfield services market in the world, other regions, such as the Eastern Hemisphere, are growing faster where the firm has presence.
- Warning! GuruFocus has detected 5 Warning Signs with HAL. Click here to check it out.
- HAL 30-Year Financial Data
- The intrinsic value of HAL
- Peter Lynch Chart of HAL
Growing International Business
In the Drilling & Evaluation segment, markets abroad are increasing and the growth continues to surprise investors and analysts. The company continues improving its international margins, and expands market penetration in deepwater and underserved international regions.
Analyst Recommendation
The firm is currently Zacks Rank # 3–Hold, and it also has a longer-term recommendation of "Neutral". A Hold rating indicates that the stock, over the next one to three months, will perform at an annualized rate of 10.56%, very similar to the S&P 500.
P/E, Earnings and ROE
In terms of valuation, the stock sells at a trailing P/E of 24.1x, trading at a premium compared to an average of 17.4x for the industry. To use another metric, its price-to-book ratio of 3.7x indicates a premium versus the industry average of 1.67x and the price-to-sales ratio of 1.79x is above the industry average of 1.4x. The metrics indicate that the stock is relatively overvalued relative to its peers.
Earnings per share (EPS) increased by 43% in the most recent quarter compared to the same quarter a year ago, to $0.90 per share for the fourth quarter of 2013. We include in the next graph the stock price because EPS often lead the stock price movement. As we can appreciate in the chart, the price performance makes the stock appealing with an upward trend over the last five years.
Finally, I always like to see one of the most important financial ratios applying to stockholders, the best measure of performance for a firm's management: the return on equity. The ratio has decreased when compared to the same quarter one year prior. Let´s compare the current ratio with the peer group in the next table:
Company Name
Exterran Holdings
Baker Hughes
Unit Corporation
Basic Energy Services
As we can see, the firm has a higher ROE than it peers: Exterran Holdings (EXH), Baker Hughes (BHI), Unit Corporation (NYSE:UNT) and Basic Energy Services (NYSE:BAS).
Final Comment
Record high energy prices have induced increased exploration and drilling so energy companies, like National Oilwell Varco (NOV) and Schlumberger (SLB) have been generating massive profits over the past two years. We think that Halliburton will keep also that pace in the coming years.
I would recommend investors to add Halliburton to their long term portfolios. Hedge fund gurus have also been active in the company in fourth quarter 2013. Gurus like David Tepper (Trades, Portfolio), Steven Cohen (Trades, Portfolio), George Soros (Trades, Portfolio), Jean-Marie Eveillard (Trades, Portfolio), Paul Tudor Jones (Trades, Portfolio), Ron Baron (Trades, Portfolio) Stanley Druckenmiller (Trades, Portfolio), Ronald Muhlenkamp (Trades, Portfolio), Ray Dalio (Trades, Portfolio), John Buckingham (Trades, Portfolio), Glenn Greenberg (Trades, Portfolio) and John Keeley (Trades, Portfolio) have taken long positions in it.
Disclosure: Victor Selva holds no position in any stocks mentioned.


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Knocker Softball Rendezvous
Knocker Athletic Club is hosting the Knocker Softball Rendezvous at Hartman Sports Park in Aztec, N.M., on Friday and Saturday, Sept. 14-15. Its coed and mens brackets. Balls and bats provided, but people can swing their own bats. Its a three-game guarantee. Tourney entry fee is $175. Awards are based on number of teams. Champions win 14 Champion Dri-Fit shirts. Entry deadline is 6 p.m., Thursday, Sept. 13. To register your team, call Charles See at 560-3423.
Cortez River Run for Orphans
The first ever Cortez River Run for Orphans will be Saturday, Sept. 15, at Parque de Vida. There will be a 5K and 1-mile fun run/walk. Race day registration starts at 8:30 a.m., with the 1-mile taking off at 10 and the 5K at 10:30. Money will be used to provide orphans with resources such as food, clothing, education, vocational training, proper nutrition and most importantly, a permanent loving family. Every participating school, church or community group decides where to send the money that they raise. The Cortez River Run for Orphans precedes the Reach Out Music Festival. Participants gain free entrance to the concert with their race number. There is online registration at www.RiverRunforOrphans.org. For more information, contact 565-9558 or email email@example.com.


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Verlander's big year a boon to veterans
Verlander's big year a boon to veterans
So no, Verlander has never been a big stats guy for a goal. That doesn't mean he doesn't like a nice round number. The biggest of them at season's end honored those who battled on a field much tougher than a baseball diamond.
He never set awards as a goal, but Verlander was up for a bevy of them at season's end. Among the first were the Players Choice awards, where Major League players voted him as both the American League's Outstanding Pitcher and the Major League Player of the Year. The dual honors included awards of $20,000 and $50,000, respectively, to be donated from the MLB Players Trust to the cause of the winner's choice.
Verlander immediately had a cause in mind. In his mind, though, $70,000 wasn't quite enough. So when he designated the money for his Verlander's Victory for Veterans Foundation, he chipped in $30,000 of his own cash.
That's a cool $100,000 that will go to two area Veterans Affairs medical centers that could really use the money.
"I added a little bit to make it a nice round number," Verlander said. "I wanted to donate some of my own money because it's a personal cause. It's something I believe in."
It's the least he could do for a cause near and dear to his heart.
"This is something I feel greatly about," he continued, "so I wanted to give some of my own money."
As much as Verlander's dominance shaped the Major League season, the cause of wounded veterans shaped his year. From the time he made the big leagues, he had hoped one day to be in a position to help. It's a responsibility that goes with being a star player.
Verlander had the means when he signed a long-term contract to stay in Detroit. This ended up being the cause.
Though his family is best known as negotiators -- his father works as a union attorney and helped finalize Verlander's first pro contract, while Justin has grown to become the Tigers' representative with the players union -- they also have a history as soldiers. Justin grew up listening to stories from his grandfather, Richard, who served at sea during World War II. His cousin, Christopher Verlander, has been serving in Afghanistan. While Justin Verlander was pitching the season of his life, his cousin was on duty a half a world away.
When Justin earned the use of a luxury suite at Comerica Park as part of his contract, his superstition left it sitting empty on days he started. Once he saw the Tigers honoring veterans who had come home from Iraq and Afghanistan by having them deliver the game ball to the mound, he realized how he could put it to good use.
Quietly, Verlander began having veterans watch him pitch from his suite, and bring their families with them. The response was more than he could've imagined.
"The feedback we got was tremendous," he said. "I got so many letters, responses, not just because of the veterans, the injured veterans, or whoever was using the suite at the time, but from the families, as well. They got to share this moment with their family, which is not something that happens very often."
It became a regular occurrence for Verlander, who made it a formal program with a foundation this summer. He not only supplied the suite, but the parking, the food, everything. The veterans, injured in combat, came from the John D. Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center facilities in Detroit and the Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System.
The personalized welcome letters came from Verlander.
"What better way for me to be able to say, 'Thank you,'" Verlander said when he talked about the program earlier this year.
Verlander hosted 85 veterans and 324 guests during the first year alone. Some had seen him pitch plenty of times, but never from a suite. Others hadn't been to a game in forever. One veteran said he hadn't been to a game since 1994, the year a work stoppage ended the season without a World Series.
Sergeant Joshua Sparling served in Iraq in the 82nd Airborne, and was injured by an explosive while fighting in Ramadi. He goes to several games a year in the stands, and usually tries to time things out for when Verlander pitches. When he got to watch from a suite, it was a different experience. When he was able to meet Verlander upon the announcement of the program, it was an honor.
"That's one in a million," Sparling said. "That's probably the closest I'll ever come to being able to throw 100 miles an hour, shaking his hand. So it was really fantastic."
Rudolph Martinez of nearby Flint saw an early-season game from the suite. He called Verlander a future Hall of Famer, but pegged his impact beyond that.
"You look at the list of all the great baseball players, he's on a very small list," Martinez said, "not to mention the amazing things he's done in the community."
The donation was the logical next step. His award-winning season, fittingly, helped him to do it in a big way.
"It means a lot for me, what these guys do for our country and this city," Verlander said of his program when he started it. "And this is my way to say, 'Thank you.'"
Jason Beck is a reporter for MLB.com. Read Beck's Blog and follow him on Twitter @beckjason. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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Premium Waters, Inc acquires "Nicolet" and "Water Joe" brands
February 6, 2015 today it was announced Premium Waters, Inc. (PWI) a Minnesota corporation based in Minneapolis, MN purchased certain assets of Artesian Investments, Inc. Dundee, Illinois which is the parent company of the Nicolet Natural Water company with plant operations in Mountain, WI. The purchase is effective immediately. Details of the transaction were not released.
Dave Holdener, CEO and President of Artesian Investments, Inc. announced the sale to PWI. Nicolet and PWI are excited about the future of the "Nicolet" and "Water Joe" brands. Plans are being developed immediately for continuation of operations, growth, and expansion. Nicolet 5 gallon route operations will be integrated into current PWI route operations in Kenosha, Racine, and the greater Milwaukee area. PWI will continue to serve existing distributors in their assigned markets. PWI will continue to operate the Nicolet plant in Mountain, WI. Dave Holdener commended and congratulated his team of employees for their long term loyalty and dedication.
Nicolet Natural water Company enjoys a 25 year history primarily in the Wisconsin and northern Illinois marketplace. Holdener, along with an outstanding team of employees, have built a very nice HOD and 5 gallon wholesale business. In addition, the Water Joe brand holds expansion potential. Nicolet has enjoyed a 25 year history as "...the official water of the Green Bay Packers..." football team. PWI intends to work closely with the Green Bay Packers to expand the existing sponsorship opportunity through many of their current retail and wholesale customers in Wisconsin and the upper Midwest. Numerous private label customers will be served by PWI as well.
PWI, a wholly owned subsidiary of Chesterman Company, Sioux City, IA is based in Minneapolis, MN. PWI operates multiple plants including locations in North Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Missouri, Texas, Tennessee, and Georgia. PWI is a bottler of private label and branded products in bottles from 2.5 gallons to 10 ounce. PWI operates an HOD route operation in Wisconsin, Minnesota, and North Dakota and serves many wholesale customers in the same states. Wholesalers in Illinois, Iowa, and South Dakota also distribute PWI produces products. The Nicolet acquisition combines two great Wisconsin water sources and brands as PWI has owned the Chippewa Spring Brand since 1999.
For additional information, contact PWI or call 612-379-4141.


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The move will catapult a credit union to become one of the largest providers of property and casualty insurance in Canada.
$210B Quebec cooperative will become second largest property and casualty insurance provider in Canada with annual gross premiums of nearly $4B.
Program urges members to buy local and rewards those that do.
A new lending division of First West Credit Union is off to a strong start with a multi-million dollar deal with pipeline supplier.
Credit union executives from three countries and three states comprise the five finalists for the Next Top Credit Union Exec award from CUES.
Winner to be determined at gathering in Florida in November; finalists from U.S., Canada and Australia.
Against a backdrop of a groundswell of support to expand business lending authority, one outcome is becoming an unfortunate black eye on those efforts.
Check out this article and the slide show that follows to see how some credit unions are getting creative to help build young adult membership.
Two years ago, a group of young people who dubbed themselves the Crash Network pushed their way onto the credit union scene at CUNA's GAC conference.


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You are such an important part of my patience and triumph, my giggles and whispers, my comfort and joy, my strength and inspiration. All that you are means everything to me. 18" with 3" extender.