text:
|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|4 Dic 1990
|Fecha de presentación
|7 Dic 1988
|Fecha de prioridad
|3 Jun 1987
|Número de publicación
|Edward J. Buyalos, David W. Millure, James G. Neal, Hugh H. Rowan
|Cesionario original
|Allied-Signal Inc.
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citas de patentes (11), Citada por (30), Clasificaciones (16), Eventos legales (9)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
This is a division of application Ser. No. 057,603, filed June 3, 1987, now abandoned.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a high performance multifilament yarn useful in industrial applications including the reinforcement of tires and the process for its production. 2. Description of the Prior Art
Polyethylene terephthalate filaments of high strength are well known in the art and are commonly utilized in industrial applications including tire cord for rubber reinforcement, conveyor belts, seat belts, V-belts and hosing.
Work has been done to establish that filamentary material which undergoes a relatively low degree of shrinkage for a high strength fibrous material and which exhibits a low degree of hysteresis or work loss is particularly suited for use in environments where elevated temperatures (e.g. 80° to 180° C.) are encountered and wherein the fibrous material is repeatedly fatigued. Davis et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,101,525 provides a high strength multifilament polyester yarn with low shrinkage and work loss characteristics. Saito et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,491,657 discloses high modulus, low shrinkage polyester yarn, but requires a low terminal modulus to achieve good yarn to treated cord conversion efficiency for such dimensionally stable yarns.
Continued improvement in high strength industrial yarns particularly suited for use as fibrous reinforcement in rubber tires is an ongoing need in the industry.
The invention is directed to high strength polyester multifilament yarn of improved dimensional stability and the process for its production. It has been found that such yarn which has the proper combination of low work loss and a high degree of toughness, when incorporated as tire cord into a rubber tire for reinforcement, provides an important improvement in fatigue life and retained fatigue strength. The polyester yarn of the invention is characterized as follows,
(a) an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of at least 0.90,
(b) a load at 5 percent elongation (LASE-5) of at least 3.7 grams per denier at 25° C.,
(c) a tenacity of at least 7.5 grams per denier at 25° C.
(d) a shrinkage of less than 8 percent in air at 177° C.,
(e) a work loss of less than 0.04 inch-pounds when cycled between a stress of 0.6 gram per denier and 0.05 gram per denier at 150° C. measured at a constant strain rate of 0.5 inch per minute in a 10-inch length of yarn normalized to that of a multifilament yarn of 1000 total denier,
(f) a toughness of at least 0.40 grams per denier,
said yarn providing enhanced fatigue resistance when incorporated as tire cord into rubber tires.
The process of the invention provides for a continuous melt-spun process for production of high performance polyester multifilament yarn with an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.90 whereby polymer melt of intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.95 removed from a finisher and is delivered to an extrusion spinnerette for spinning into said high performance yarn. This process comprises the steps of feeding prepolymer to a first finisher vessel operated at 280° C. or less for a period sufficient to achieve at least 0.4 intrinsic viscosity, transferring polymer to a second finisher vessel while maintaining the polymer below about 280° C., said second finishing vessel having good film forming ability, maintaining said polymer in said second finisher at 280° C. for a period sufficient to achieve an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.95, and supplying this polymer to an extrusion spinnerette.
The high strength polyester multifilament yarn of the present invention combines dimensional stability and relatively low work loss with high intrinsic viscosity and high toughness. The resulting yarn, when incorporated as fibrous reinforcement into rubber composites such as tires, provides improved fatigue resistance and fatigue life.
The polyester yarn contains at least 90 mol percent polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In a preferred embodiment, the polyester is substantially all polyethylene terephthalate. Alternatively, the polyester may incorporate as copolymer with minor amounts of units derived from one or more ester-forming ingredients other than ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid or its derivatives. Illustrative examples of other ester-forming ingredients which may be copolymerized with the polyethylene terephthalate units include glycols such as diethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, etc., and dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, hexahydroterephthalic acid, bibenzoic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, etc.
The multifilament yarn of the present invention commonly possesses a denier per filament of about 1 to 20 (e.g. about 3 to 15), and commonly consists of about 6 to 600 continuous filaments (e.g. about 20 to 400 continuous filaments). The denier per filament and the number of continuous filaments present in the yarn may be varied widely as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The multifilament yarn particularly is suited for use in industrial applications wherein high strength polyester fibers have been utilized in the prior art. The fibers are particularly suited for use in environments where elevated temperatures (e.g. 80° C. to 180° C.) are encountered. Not only does the filamentary material undergo a relatively low degree of shrinkage for a high strength fibrous material, due to less oriented amorphous regions, and exhibit a low degree of hysteresis or work loss during use in environments wherein it is repeatedly stretched and relaxed, but it provides enhanced resistance to fatigue due to these effects, higher yarn toughness, and smaller morphological repeat units.
Resistance to fatigue is not a property which can be related to any single parameter but depends on a combination of variables such as IV, work loss, toughness, and undoubtedly fine morphological characteristics such as crystallite and amorphous sizes and orientation and amorphous region mobility. It is believed that the yarn of the present invention has reached a high level of synergism between these and other intangible characteristics, in addition to possessing high toughness in combination with low work loss, which yields improved fatigue resistance.
The characterization parameters referred to herein may conveniently be determined by testing the multifilament yarn which consists of substantially parallel filaments.
Lateral and longitudinal crystallite sizes were calculated with the Scherrer equation employing the width at half-height of the (010) and (τ 05) reflections of the wide angle x-ray diffraction pattern: ##EQU1## where:
L=crystal size (angstrom);
k=shape factor=1.0;
λ=wavelength of x-rays=1.54 angstrom;
β=width at half-height of reflection (rad);
2φ=Bragg angle (degrees).
Crystal orientations were determined with Herman's orientation function employing the average angular azimuthal breadth of the (010) and (100) reflections of the wide angle x-ray diffraction pattern:
f.sub.c =1/2 (3 cos.sup.2 φ-1)
where, fc =crystal orientation function
φ=average orientation angle
Long periods were calculated from small angle x-ray diffraction patterns and amorphous thickness is determined by subtraction of the longitudinal crystallite size from the long period.
Birefringence was determined using a polarizing light microscope equipped with a Berek compensator and the fraction crystallinity was determined by conventional density measurements. The amorphous orientation function was determined from the following relationship (see R. J. Samuels, Structured Polymer Properties, New York, John Wiley & Sons).
Δn=Xf.sub.c Δn.sup.c +(1-X)f.sub.a nΔ.sub.a +n.sub.f
X=fraction crystalline
fc =crystalline orientation function
Δnc =intrinsic birefringence of crystal (0.220 for polyethylene terephthalate)
fa =amorphous orientation function
Δna =intrinsic birefringence of amorphous (0.275 for polyethylene terephthalate)
Δnf =form birefringence (negligable for this system)
Intrinsic viscosity (IV) was determined in a mixed solvent consisting of phenol and tetrachloroethane (60/40 weight percent).
Carboxyl end-group concentration is determined as follows. First, 2 grams PET is dissolved in 50 ml of o-cresol/chloroform solution (70/30 by weight) to which 10 drops of saturated lithium chloride solution in isopropanol is added. This solution is potentiometrically titrated with 0.25N KOH in isopropanol.
The tenacity values (i.e. at least 7.5 grams per denier), and load at 5 percent elongation values (i.e. at least 3.7 grams per denier of the present yarn compare favorably with these particular parameters exhibited by commercially available polyethylene terephthalate tire cord yarns. The tensile properties referred to herein may be determined through the utilization of an Instron tensile tester (Model TM) using a 10-inch gauge length and a strain rate of 120 percent per minute in accordance with ASTM D885.
The high strength multifilament yarn of the present invention possesses an internal morphology which, for a LASE-5 of 3.5 grams per denier or greater, manifests an unusually low shrinkage propensity of less than 7 percent, and preferably less than 6 percent when measured in air at 177° C. For instance, filaments of commercially available polyethylene terephthalate tire cord yarns commonly shrink about 12 to 15 percent when tested in air at 177° C. These shrinkage values may be determined under a load of 0.05 gram per denier in accordance with ASTM D885-30.3. Such improved dimensional stability is of particular importance if the product serves as fibrous reinforcement in a radial tire.
Considerable work has been done to relate hysteresis or work loss to tire performance, particularly heat generation. The work of Prevorsek et al. has been particularly noteworthy:
1. D. C. Prevorsek, Y. D. Kwon and R. K. Sharma, "Interpretive Nonlinear Vioscoelasticity: Dynamic Properties of Nylon 6 Fibers", J. Macromol. Sci. Phys. B-13 (4), 571-1977;
2. Y. D. Kwon, R. K. Sharma and D. C. Prevorsek, "Viscoelastic Properties of Tire Cords Under Conditions of Rolling Tires", Proceedings of ASTM Symposium on Tire Reinforcement and Tire Performance, (ASTM Special Technical Publication 694), p. 239, 1979.
The cords are the load bearing element in tires and as their temperature increases several undesirable consequences follow. It is well known that rates of chemical degradation increase with increasing temperature. And, it is also well known that fiber moduli decrease as the cord temperatures increase which permits greater strains in the tire to increase the heat generated in the rubber. All of these factors will tend to increase the temperature of cords still further and if the increases are great enough, tire failure can result.
The work loss method described in Davis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,101,525 incorporated herein by reference, provides a relatively simple procedure for estimating this factor and we utilize it for convenience.
The yarn of the present invention further provides low work loss or low hysteresis characteristics (i.e. low heat generating characteristics) in addition to its relatively low shrinkage propensity for a high strength fibrous material. The yarn of the present invention exhibits a work loss of less than 0.04 inch-pounds when cycled between a stress of 0.6 gram per denier and 0.05 gram per denier at 150° C. measured at a constant strain rate of 0.5 inch per minute on a 10-inch length of yarn normalized to that of a multifilament yarn of 1000 total denier as described hereafter. In the present invention it is shown that for significantly improved performance properties it is not necessary to have a yarn work-loss below 0.02 as taught in the Davis patent. For example, work loss is a mechanism by which materials dissipate energy upon deformation. If no or little work loss exists, this energy may not all be dissipated and can cause scission of the polymer chains of the yarn resulting in degradation of properties. It is desirable, however, to maintain a relatively low level of work loss (<0.04) or heat generation.
Additionally, it has been found that the yarn of the present process exhibits greatly improved fatigue resistance when compared to high strength polyethylene terephthalate fibers conventionally utilized to form tire cords. Such fatigue resistance enables the fibrous reinforcement when embedded in rubber to better withstand bending, twisting, shearing, and compression. The superior fatigue resistance of the product of the present invention can be demonstrated through the use of the modified (9-inch tube) Goodyear Mallory Fatigue Test (ASTM-D-885-64T), or the Goodrich Disk Fatigue Test (ASTM-D-885-64T).
It has been found that the present invention particularly provides substantial improvement in the long term disk fatigue measured by the Goodrich Test while providing desired dimensional stability and low work loss.
The importance of toughness as a characteristic mechanical property in combination with the relatively low work loss and high intrinsic viscosity is thought to be established by applicant's invention. "Toughness" or the "work of rupture" is the energy or work required to break a specimen. It is measured as the integrated area under a stress/strain curve and is given in units of grams per denier. Applications which require good impact resistance frequently require materials of high toughness.
With the yarn of this invention, it is possible to construct tire cord from the yarn with lower twist. One skilled in the art recognizes that in construction of tire cord a higher level of twist serves to increase fatigue resistance, but at the expense of strength an LASE-5, which is reduced. Higher LASE-5 is desirable to reduce side wall indentations. Therefore, with the improved fatigue resistance offered by the yarn of this invention, it becomes possible to lower the level of twisting in the construction of the tire cord, thus maintaining greater strength and LASE-5.
Identified hereafter is a description of a process which has been found to be capable of forming the improved yarn of the present invention. The yarn product claimed hereafter is not to be limited by the parameters of the process which follows.
Polyester yarn of high intrinsic viscosity (e.g. at least 0.90) is produced in the following manner. Prepolymer having 25-30 carboxyl end groups (in milliequivalents/106 grams) and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.20-0.23 is fed to the first of two finisher type vessels. Suitable apparatus for the prefinisher is disclosed in Kuehue U.S. Pat. No. 3,617,225, incorporated herein by reference. Because a prefinisher and a finisher is used in this process, the temperatures of the polymer can be reduced. Reduced polymer temperature allows higher intrinsic viscosity polymer to be delivered to spinning. The prepolymer contains 300-400 ppm antimony catalyst along with 0.5 to 1.5 ppm titanium catalyst. The prefinisher is operated at 270°-280° C., and about 2 Torr vacuum. Retention time in the prefinisher is maintained at 1.5-2.3 hours. With careful selection of catalyst type and level, the carboxyl level of the polymer exiting the vessel is 10-14 units with the intrinsic viscosity being at least 0.4, preferably 0.50-0.55. The prefinisher has multiple stages and film forming devices to allow increased viscosities in the above-stated time. Polymer is removed from the prefinisher and transferred using equipment selected to minimize shear, temperature increases, dead spots, and other potential degradation problems. The polymer is pumped through a polymer cooler to lower the temperature to about 275° C. before entering the finisher. The polymer then enters a second vessel selected for good film forming ability and narrow distribution of residence time. A preferred reactor would contain the specially designed wiped wall reactor in Boggs et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,976,431 and the specially designed spoked wheel projections in U.S. Pat. No. 3,728,083, both patents incorporated herein by reference. Suggested operating conditions are 273°-280° C. for a 1.5-2.0 hour retention time. The reactor is operated at 0.3-0.5 Torr with the exit viscosity being at least 0.95. Polymer is removed from the finisher through a wide mouth low shear gear pump designed to raise the polymer temperature as little as possible (e.g. only 3°-4° C.). The pump is sized such that the speed of the pump and the change in temperature is a minimum. A phosphorus compound can be added before the finisher to help reduce thermal degradation of the polymer through the reactor and transfer lines. There are no baffles in the final finisher and only the rotating wheels acts as stages to prevent bypassing in this reactor. This allows minimum holdup in the finisher. Polymer is pumped to spinning, with transfer lines sized to reduce thermal degradation. For minimum thermal degradation of the polymer, pipes are sized for flow of polymer melt in accordance with this teachings of Pendlebury U.S. Pat. No. 4,072,663, incorporated herein by reference. Static mixers are used throughout the transfer lines to mix and help keep polymer temperatures reduced with colder dowtherm maintained at about 275° C. The improved melt-spinning process of this invention at the above operating conditions produces yarn with IV's of at least 0.90 with 15-16 carboxyl units. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that only yarn less than 0.90 IV can be produced with a conventional one finisher high temperature reactor system such as outlined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,100,142. Those skilled in the art will appreciate, that prior to this invention only solid state polymerization or use of additives could produce intrinsic viscosities in the range given herein.
The melt-spinable polyester is supplied to an extrusion spinnerette at a temperature above its melting point and below the temperature at which the polymer degrades substantially. The residence time at this stage is kept to a minimum (e.g. up to one and one-half minutes) and the temperature should not rise above 315° C., preferably 310° C. The extruded filaments then traverse a conventional yarn solidification zone where quench air impinges on the spun yarn thereby freezing in desirable internal structural features and preventing the filaments from fusing to one another. The key to the current process is to utilize extruding polymer with IV greater than 0.90 and adjust processing conditions to achieve an undrawn yarn birefringence of at least 0.01, preferably 0.022-0.030. One skilled in the art can achieve this undrawn birefringence by adjusting the following conditions: length and temperature of an annealing zone adjacent to the spinnerette, diameter of the spinnerette holes, method of blowing the quench, quench air velocity, and drawdown in the quench column.
The spun yarn was then drawn between rolls at temperatures above the glass transition temperature (80° C.) to within 85 percent of the maximum draw ratio. This drawing process involved multiple drawing and conditioning steps to achieve a tenacity above 7.5 grams per denier, a LASE-5 above 3.7 grams per denier and a shrinkage less than 8 percent. The drawn yarn was then taken up on a bobbin after adjustment of the tension to achieve a satisfactory package.
It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the high viscosity polymer spun as above can be drawn in known ways such as that disclosed in Davis et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,195,052 and in Hamlyn U.S. Pat. No. 4,251,481.
Polyester yarns (1000 denier) of IV=0.87 (yarn A) and IV=0.92 (yarn B) were produced as in Example 1. The properties of yarn A and yarn B are compared to a conventional high tenacity PET tire yarn C (1000 denier) (Allied 1W70) in Table I. It is clear from Table I that yarn B of the present invention possesses a relatively high LASE-5 when compared to conventional yarn C yet undergoes less shrinkage at elevated temperatures. Tire cords were prepared from yarns A, B and C in a 9×9 construction (turns per inch x turns per inch) and given a typical tensilizing treatment before fatigue testing. The fatigue data in Table I shows the cord prepared from yarn B of the present invention to possess improved fatigue properties when compared to a conventional cord from yarn C to cord prepared from yarn A with lower IV. Characteristic morphological properties of the yarns B and C are summarized in Table II.
It is the intent of this example to demonstrate that the increased fatigue life of cords prepared from yarns of the present invention can be utilized to produce cords of high LASE-5 by decreasing twist levels without sacrificing fatigue life relative to a conventional tire cord. Cords were constructed at twist levels listed in Table III from yarns prepared as in Example 1 and from a conventional, commercially available tire yarn (Allied 1W70). It is well known in the art that for a given yarn, decreasing the twist level results in increased LASE-5 and decreased fatigue strength. Table III shows that by decreasing the twist level of the cords of the present invention the LASE can be increased greater than 20 percent (10×10 compared to 8×8) without sacrificing fatigue strength relative to the conventional cord.
The purpose of this example is to distinguish the yarn of the present invention from those discussed previously. Yarn D (Celanese T1OO) represents a prior art yarn in which the desirable fatigue properties are derived mainly from low work loss. A comparison of the properties of this prior art yarn D and the yarn of this disclosure and cords prepared from both yarns show the advantages given in fatigue properties of the present yarn because of the unique combination of relatively low work loss and high toughness. (Table IV)
TABLE I______________________________________Property A B C______________________________________Yarn:Tenacity, g/d 7.9 8.5 8.6Elongation at break, % 10.2 9.9 12.6Terminal Modulus, g/d 72 62 39LASE-5, g/d -- 4.1 3.8Shrinkage at 177° C., % 6.0 5.7 8.5Toughness, g/d -- 0.44 0.67Work Loss, in.-lb 0.024 0.025 0.06Cord: fatigue propertiesMallory, kilocycles 190 238 67Disk Fatigue, 92 100 88retained strength, %______________________________________
TABLE II______________________________________Parameter B C______________________________________Long Period, angstroms 118 144Lateral Crystal Size, angstroms 26 28Longitudinal Crystal Size, angstroms 43 45Amorphous Thickness, angstroms 75 99Birefringence 0.2138 0.2330Crystallinity, % 40.5 49.9Crystal Orientation Function 0.95 0.92Amorphous Orientation Function 0.79 0.96______________________________________
TABLE III______________________________________ Retained Fatigue Strength, % LASE-5, g/dConstruction Present Conventional Present Conventional______________________________________7 × 7 67 -- 6.9 --8 × 8 88 -- 6.7 --9 × 9 96 -- 5.9 --10 × 10 98 80 5.3 5.5______________________________________
TABLE IV______________________________________YARN PROPERTIESProperty B D______________________________________Tenacity, g/d 8.5 8.0Elongation at Break, % 9.9 8.8LASE-5, g/d 4.1 4.8Toughness, g/d 0.44 0.36Work Loss, in.-lb 0.025 0.019______________________________________CORD PROPERTIES(9 × 9 Construction)Mallory, kilocycles 238 137Disk Fatigue, retained strength, % 100 80LASE-5, g/d 2.4 2.4Shrinkage, % 1.7 1.4______________________________________
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|Clasificación de EE.UU.
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|18 Mar 1994
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|29 May 1998
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|30 May 2002
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|21 Ene 2005
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Four Libyans have been arrested over claims they sexually assaulted three British aid workers in Benghazi earlier this week.
The three women — two of whom are sisters — were with an aid convoy that passed through Libya on its way to Gaza. They were part of a group of five people who were briefly kidnapped near Benghazi in the early hours of Tuesday morning and were released hours later.
More from GlobalPost: Libya: Westerners urged to leave Benghazi for fear of Al Qaeda attacks
The group is currently safe in the Turkish consul in Benghazi and is waiting to return to the UK.
An army official in Libya said the arrested men were former members of security forces who had been dismissed from their jobs several months ago.
The women and the rest of their convoy had started their trip in Morocco and were refused permission to cross the Egyptian border. The group of five then took a taxi to Benghazi in hopes of catching a flight back to the UK but, when they were stopped at a checkpoint, they were kidnapped and the women were allegedly sexually assaulted. The two sisters' father is thought to have witnessed the assault.
Abdul Barghathi, commander of preventative security in the Libyan defense ministry, said the women had been sexually assaulted, but not raped.
"There was no rape, just touching [sexual assault]," he said.
A Foreign Office spokesman said: "We are aware of an incident in Libya involving a number of British nationals who were part of an aid convoy. We are providing consular assistance."

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The Truth About Her Past— Wife finally opens up about her past encounters.
Synergy Longer and Dirtier Ch. 04— A game of truth or dare works out well for the pizza boy.
Synergy Ch. 04— A game of truth or dare works out well for the pizza boy.
Midwinter Weekend Pt. 03— An evening of sexy revelations lead to unexpected threesome.
Friendship Changes— Sometimes the most obvious things will still surprise you...
Midsummer Weekend Pt. 04— The bonfire wasn't, in the end, our hottest experience...
Beating the Disorder— A therapist helps a dangerously skinny patient.
By the Pale Moonlight Ch. 02— Tara meets with Dr. Miller. What's going on?
By the Pale Moonlight Ch. 01— Tara meets someone unforgettable.
Man Enough Ch. 02— The conclusion and the result.
Truth or Dare— Two life long friends play a game after the power goes out.
Damien Skylar Ch. 06— Damien learns who he really is. Valerie reconciles.
I Pick Truth or Dare— A 20 year old livens up the party.
L'il Sis Ch. 04— Ryan and his sister take it to the Jacuzzi and the bedroom.
The Interview— Truth is a two edged sword.
Omega Pride Ch. 10— A real truth reveal....
False Memories of Belfast?— An analysis of a story that claimed to be true - but isn't.
So, Have You Lived Your Whole Life...— ...no, not yet.
Truth or Deception— Which parent is telling the truth?
Returning Home to Hedo— Truth or Dare in a hot tub with friends.
Truth— A game with unexpected results.
Caroline's Karma— You don't own me, no one owns me.
Hanging Out With The In-Crowd— College girl gives 'Truth or Dare' hand job in a public bar.
Love Lost, Then Found Ch. 23— Hank and Amy tell the family.
Not Yours Ch. 02— Leanne's confidence grows with Joseph.
Was He Guilty? Ch. 03— Jeff talks about the murders.
Truth or Dare Daddy!— A Game of Truth or Dare turns Very Naughty!
A Few Weeks Later....— Tom and Jess take their fun online.
Menopause, a Chronicle— A love story in later life.
Best Laid Plans Ch. 08— The cucumber of truth.
I Know How it Happened— A son reveals how he made love with his mother.
The Morning After...— Close friends get closer with truth or dare.
Red vs Wolfe Ch. 04— Learning the truth.
My Neighbor's Dress!— Mel wanted the truth about her dress.
Belinda's Tale Ch. 02— Belinda's relationships develop further.
The Good Shepard: New Ending— What if the movie went a different direction?
Touched by an Artist— A tribute the woman who has awakened him.
TripleD Titties: A Guide to Reality— Having a big rack can be fraught with peril.
Emancipation Ch. 07: Breakfast Confession— Sisters & mates exposed.
The Overcoming of Two— Horniness, a party, a hot tub, nudity and a shower.
A Journey to Reality: The Sequel— Crystal is stunned to see the changes in her life.
Norwegian Wood— The heart doesn't always accept easy answers.
A Sub of All Kinks Ch. 10— Kisha's hidden truths.
The Most Beautiful Fucks— Love, betrayal, and two gay pornstars trapped in an elevator.
Truth or Dare— Her bisexual fantasy is finally fulfilled.
TGI Chronicles Pt. 1 Ch. 05— Now Phil and Denny know.
TGI Chronicles Pt. 1 Ch. 04— Too late to tell the truth to her friend?
A Journey to Self-Discovery Ch. 01— She admits to her deepest desires.
Truth Or Fuck— An adult sleepover turns into a lesbian orgy.
The Truth of the Lie— The truth that sets you free.
Truth Or Dare Ch. 01— Two roommates decide to play a game.
Spurred Passion— Woman's desire overtakes her.
The Truth & Jessica— How much time I wasted when she was there for the asking?
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text: The ZX portion of the adidas Originals spring collection goes beyond the 500 with several releases of the 700 in the mix. Here we see a multi-colored edition of the runner, which combines suede, ripstop and leather in a colorway that combines shades of green, red, blue and yeelow. Find the sneaker now at shops that include SNS.


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Order fulfillment services; procurement services, namely, purchasing medical replacement parts for others
Business in Aurora, OH


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Express. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express.
Transfer Zone: Shock return for Liverpool forward, Arsenal battle for Italy striker
ANFIELD flop Mario Balotelli could yet make a shock return to Liverpool to try to impress new boss Jurgen Klopp.
Mario Balotelli managed just one goal in 16 Premier League appearances for Liverpool last term
The Italian, who scored only one goal in 16 Premier League appearances for the Reds, rejoined AC Milan in August on a season-long loan but has since only made three appearances in Serie A.
His agent Mino Raiola believes there is still a future for Balotelli at Anfield and said he would be speaking to Klopp soon.
Raiola said: "If we talk about the quality and the talent Mario has, that is without question."
Klopp is looking at Lazio midfielder Lucas Biglia, who is rated at £25million, and at Barcelona's second-choice keeper Marc-Andre ter Stegen to provide competition for Simon Mignolet.
Arsenal are set to go head-to-head with Paris Saint-Germain for Italy forward Lorenzo Insigne, who is considering a move away from Serie A's Napoli.
Title challengers Leicester hope to tie up a move for Birmingham striker Demarai Gray this week by matching the 19-year-old's £3.75m release clause.
Newcastle boss Steve McClaren is keen to push through a £15m move for Marseille striker Michy Batshuayi to boost their push for survival.
The Belgian, 22, is highly regarded by his French club but they could be tempted by a big cash offer after dropping out of the running for a Champions League place.
Struggling Aston Villa are keen to shore up their defence by snapping up central defender Daniel Congre, 30, from French side Montpellier for a cut-price £2m.
Villa could make room by allowing their out-of-favour Czech Republic striker Libor Kozak to join Scottish Premiership champions Celtic.
Rotherham United boss Neil Redfearn has moved quickly to snap up Manchester City defender Shay Facey, 20, on loan until the end of the season.


text: I was just on the phone with DLP, but as you're all so knowledgable here maybe you can help? Our trip to DLP will be between Oct 31st - Nov 5th 2003 with 4 full days there. On the DLP site they have a Classic 3 Day Park Hopper ticket that is valid for 3 years from the date of purchase. It makes no other mention of dates other that the 3 yr thing. Anywhere else I look the 3 Day Park Hoppers are valid from Jan 6th to April 4th 2003 then April 5th to 2nd Nov 2003. No mention of what takes over after that So, the lady I spoke to said this Classic ticket woud be valid for any date within that 3 year period. Is this right? And, would I be better buying them now at £77 per adult and £55 per child or waiting nearer the date? Do they go up with any regularity? TIA


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Liebman's solid saxophone and flute playing allowed him to play along side of many greats such as Elvin Jones and the one and only, Miles Davis. Throughout Liebman's career we can find him playing a variety of horns. However, his most memorable work displays him playing his faithful soprano saxophone. Many music critics have consistently ranked him as being one of the top five soprano saxophone players in the world. I would have to agree that Liebman has the natural ability to make music come alive with his originative and becalming sax playing. On his latest release, "New Vista", he surrounds himself with an all-star cast of musicians. When asked about the Brazilian flavor of this release, Liebman responded by saying, "I decided to invite our drummer Jamey Haddad together with the incredible percussionist Café, to create interesting and colorful rhythmic textures to encompass the various compositions.
As a result, the emphasis here is on the rhythm, in particular, the drums." Oh what rhythm they have! Liebman also features the soulful guitar playing swing of Vic Juris, the ever-steady bass beats of Tony Marino and the fancy fingerwork of keyboardist Phil Markowitz who creates a stream of effortless notes that establish the flow. On the title track Liebman hits you with a spectrum of sounds and feelings that will pick you up and make you want to samba the whole night through. On "Real Dreams" the percussion boldly carries the song through along with the alluring vocals of Café and Davia Sacks to create a unforgettable musical pulse.
This release is put together with a lineup of hits that are sure to impress you. Check this one out and you won't be disappointed. Also, stay tuned to Arkadia for Liebman's upcoming project with virtuoso guitarist, Pat Metheny.


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Balancing Act
Dutton, 1997 - Fiction - 340 pages
"Elise Jeffries, new media spokesperson for the huge multi-national ScanTron, has to prove herself - and do it fast. She lost her last job and ended up in court when a man she trusted leaked information she had given him - information that turned out to be dead wrong. The mistake ruined her career and nearly wrecked her marriage, as the costs of the lawsuit wiped out her husband's dreams of his own business. Now a chemical plant explodes and a huge fire threatens to rip through her old Texas hometown of Flatwoods - a disaster that has already destroyed several nearby homes." "The friendly town of Flatwoods that Elise remembers from childhood has disappeared, replaced by rows of houses for sale and angry people suffering from a series of mysterious ailments. As the acrid smoke from the fire covers the area, more people fall ill. But the company denies that anything toxic is stored at their facility, and Elise believes them. She believes them until she finds her girlfriend - still young but no longer the pretty, vibrant woman Elise remembers - ravaged by illness." "With her suspicions growing and her old nemesis trying to win her back into his confidence, and perhaps his bed, Elise must defend ScanTron or lose her job. But her conscience tells her she must do something else - find out the truth about the accident, the truth about ScanTron's real business, the truth about the sickness killing her people. It's an investigation that will take grit and daring, for Elise is uncovering secrets someone is willing to kill to keep."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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BALANCING ACTUser Review - Jane Doe - Kirkus
Bunkley (Starlight Passage, 1996, etc.) has toned down her tendency toward purple prose, but, ironically, while the writing's vastly improved in this new outing, the plot could use some livening up ... Read full review
Balancing actUser Review - Not Available - Book Verdict
Elise Jeffries's marriage, friendships, integrity, and probationary job as media spokesperson for Houston-based ScanTron Security International are challenged when a suicidal driver crashes into a ... Read full review
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Al's arms began believe benzene Blake breath burned Carlos Rico Carlos's close complex Damita damn desk door Elise asked Elise Jeffries Elise knew Elise nodded Elise replied Elise's environmental racism eyes face feel fingers fire front glanced going gonna Guatemala hair hand he'd head hell hope hospital Houston inside JCPenney John Farren Judy Junior Justin Lacandone League City lips listen live looked managed marriage mind morning mouth move Myra never okay papers Patterson picked pipeline pulled residents of Flatwoods road ScanTron Security she'd Sherry shoulders sitting slipped smile sorry stared stay stood stopped sure talk tell There's thing thought Tide County told tonight Trinity Hospital truck trying turned Vargas voice waiting warehouses watched What's worried Yeah Yusef Kirk Zenoyo Zephron


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All quotes tagged Young Love
(2 quotes found)
"Yes Im young,We Belong,Love Is Sung,By the peaceful Song...Listen Please, You'll fall to your knees, Begging Back For Me, Im No option, for sure nothing to be forgotten."
"I know we only live once. But that doesn't mean live fast and die young. There is more youth six feet under! Than the elderly in nursing homes."


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15 Things A Woman Notices About A Guy
Men's Health has another insightful article for its readers, this time on the 20 things a woman notices about a guy. Included are a few no-brainers like shoulder muscles (13), intelligence (14), and attire (16), but most of the list contains head-scratchers like "Your resemblance to a rock" (3), "Your lungs" (4), "Your resemblance to Spider Man" (8), and "Your belly button." What? Because most women I know aren't sizing up a guy's navel or his lungs — or his web-building abilities, for that matter — here's a list of 15 things a woman really notices about a guy.
- How he treats the waitstaff
- Whether he has clean sheets, toilet paper on the roll, and more than a six-pack in the fridge
- Wedding band or no?
- Tan line where a wedding band usually is?
- Has he hit on every other woman at the party before making his way to us?
- Posture: If it's too straight, he probably isn't
- .. .Especially if he's carrying a Banana Republic shopping bag
- Is he well-groomed?
- Accents are hot
- Does he give up his seat in the subway to pregnant ladies and the elderly?
- Bonus points if he doesn't sit with his legs splayed wide apart like a douche
- Man-purse, briefcase, messenger bag or backpack?
- Beer and Oreos in his grocery cart, or fish and fresh produce?
- Can we get a look at his teeth? Clean and mostly straight, check!
- Does he make us want to jump his bones?


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Living History
5 years ago
Excerpts from the July 20, 2006 Pioneer Journal
Two take titles in singing competition
Greg Amudson, a 20-year-old from Miltona, Minn., and Southern-boy-turned-Wadena-boy Mikey Howard wowed the crowd and the judges and walked away the winners of the Colgate Country Showdown Saturday night at the Wadena VFW.
Trout catches huge muskie
Wadena resident Norie Trout has an ideal name for a fisherwoman and a fish story to match. On Sunday afternoon she accomplished a feat sure to strike envy into the heart of thousands of Minnesota anglers when she landed a 46-and-a-half-inch muskie.
10 years ago
Excerpts from the July 26, 2001 Pioneer Journal
TRAM Tent City
The Ride Across Minnesota brought 1,200-1,400 cyclists to Wadena Tuesday as volunteers raised money for multiple sclerosis. Sunnybrook Park was transformed into a makeshift metropolis of cyclists as "Tent City" was constructed.
Future Home of the Cyber Café
Two 10-member teams of volunteers from the Tribal Civilian Community Corps (TCCC) are working in Wadena to help get the Cyber Café up and running.
"This is my first project ever, and it's fun," said TyRal Spottedbear, 18, from New Town, N.D. "It's hard work but we are meeting new people and making friends. We could do anything from renovation work, like here, to helping out after a tornado or natural disaster."
25 years ago
Excerpts from the July 22, 1986 Pioneer Journal
Staples man charged in death of grandfather
Twenty-one-year-old Bryan Dean Smith, Route 2, Staples, appeared stoic when arraigned here in district court July 14 and charged with two counts of second degree murder and first degree manslaughter in the alleged shooting death of his grandfather, Jacob Francis Fellman, 72, July 5 at rural Thomastown Township, Wadena County.
According to the District Court complaint, Smith and Fellman began arguing about Smith's relationship with Smith's wife sometime during the night of July 4 and the early morning hours of July 5.
Kern exhibits at Wadena county fair for 60 consecutive years
Melvin Kern of rural Wadena while exhibiting eight head of registered Guernsey cattle at the Wadena County Fair July 17-20 attained the 60th year mark where he was joined by his wife, Marian, and members of their immediate family.
Kern was presented a special plaque congratulating him on this achievement by Wadena county fair president, Bob Sliter, on behalf of the county fair board.
40 years ago
Excerpts from the July 22, 1971 Pioneer Journal
H-B loan approved for building of new $2,100,000 hospital here
Wesley Hospital Board of Directors President Jack Browne at a news conference Tuesday morning attended by the news media, hospital and auxiliary members announced plans for the construction of a new $2.1 million hospital to be located on the block west of the present building.
In making the announcement, Browne commended Wesley Hospital administrator Earl Schillo and the board of directors for their cooperation in completing the ground work that was necessary in gaining the Minnesota State Board of Health's approval of this new 56-bed hospital. Browne said that Schillo's efforts in working with the Health Department and the Board of Directors in obtaining the Hill-Burton loan for $1,900,000 of the necessary 2.1 million dollar hospital was outstanding.
Board President Browne in making the formal announcement of the construction of the new hospital facility here said, "It is one of the greatest things that has happened to Wadena and surrounding communities in recent years. It is one of the largest single constructions to be authorized in central Minnesota."
Swamper Soccer tonight at Wadena County Fair
Start with one big bouncy ball. Add eight buzzing all-terrain vehicles. Stir in two teams of fearless drivers and you've got the recipe for America's fast growing motorized mania: "Swamper Soccer," that is featured tonight (Thursday) at the grandstand of the County Fair.
60 years ago
Excerpts from the July 26, 1951 Pioneer Journal
Wadena man in Bangkok tells of uprising
Milan McClelland of Bangkok, Thailand, writing to his mother, Mrs. Grace McClelland in Wadena tells of the uprising he experienced there late in June. "Micky" is with the State Department, and as he stated in the letter, had a ring-side seat for the affair, "which was humorous after it was over, but was reminded of World War II days when the artillery let loose and the bullets were flying."
In the kidnapping of the Thailand prime minister, McClelland said it was a badly organized affair, but in the day and a half the battle raged, considerable damage was done.
County fair gates swing open Monday
County Agent Miles G. Rowe states that 4-H boys and girls of the county are coming in a little faster than usual with their entry lists and it appears as though there will be as many entries in the garden and clothing division as last year. "However," stated Rowe, "hail in the Oylen and Nimrod area last week wiped out many of the 4-H gardens in that area."


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Thread: engine will not crank
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05-05-2013, 09:55 PM #1Junior Member
- Join Date
- Oct 2006
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- williamsburg,virginia
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engine will not crank
2008 mobius lsv 325 indmar
I installed a new battery, starter, fuel filter, fresh gas and tried to start my boat the first time in about 6 months and the engine would not turn over. I have power to the starter and the guages work except for the perfect pass. When I put the boat up last year I started to have problems with it starting but no problems with it cranking.


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Share a Story Winners 2014
It's the moment we've all been waiting for - the exclusive online announcement of the 2014 Share a Story WINNERS!
Our judges went through thousands of your entries and were blown away by the amazing stories. Now watch the video to find out if you're one of the 8 lucky winners...
Don't forget to keep checking back here regularly for updates on the progress of all the Share a Story animations!
(Oscar is from Into Film - if you want to know more about the work they are doing with young talent then check out their website at www.intofilm.org!)


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Translate a Malay document into English
I have a small letter in Malay needing translation into English.
If you are available for the same, please write to us.
With Best Regards,
I can say one statement " I will do it for you " I am an English teacher so I can Understand the text very well.
hi there, i am a professional writer/translator, im work very quick. i promise to give maximum satifaction to this job if offered. thanks
- I know Malay language because it is my native language. - I can write and speak English language as well as Malay language. - I done my diploma in Teaching English as Second Language(TESL) with CGPA 3.240. - I go 更多
I have a Bachelor's Degree in Journalism and have worked as a writer both in a full-time and freelance capacity. For the past 6 years I have been a freelance writer and have written feature articles for print and onli 更多


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In case you missed it, dozens of teachers and high ranking former school district officials in Atlanta were indicted for leading what amounts to a sophisticated gaming of standardized testing. A grand jury has indicted 35 school administrators and teachers for their alleged part in the biggest standardized test cheating ring ever.
Years ago, I covered technology and business, and that experience taught me the meaning of the acronym GIGO. It means garbage in, garbage out. In other words, what is measured isn't always the most important element and sometimes the mere act of measuring something creates perverse incentives. According to Fulton County District Attorney Paul L. Howard, Jr., federal funds were used in bonuses awarded to schools and teachers based on the results of Criterion-Referenced Competency Tests, and employees who didn't participate in the ring were fired. That's right , the hacks and the cheaters were rewarded, while those who didn't play the game lost jobs.
And that's my take on the Atlanta test cheating scandal, an opinion I expressed in this blog post almost two years ago when the scandal broke. My feelings haven't changed Here's some of what I wrote:
Nor is this a good day for another Broad Finalist. The 2002 winner, Houston previously had been hit with a cheating scandal, and now Atlanta, one of the finalists that same year, is facing what seems to be the nation's most widespread cheating scandal. And the take in Atlanta during this long running saga is that Beverly L. Hall, the superintendent throughout the district's resurgence wasn't an innocent victim of subordinates, but set the tone which led to this huge betrayal of students.
Is there really a difference between a teacher who is lazy and doesn't teach and should fired and one whose focus is solely on measurable results to such an extent that they're allowed — and even encouraged — to falsify results and misrepresent accomplishments? Is this any different than a corporation whose CEO and workers play fast and loose with booking revenue and hiding debt in order to make targets? On Wall Street, that would be called investor fraud; in the classroom it's education fraud. It's not reform.
And that's the challenge facing true educational reformers, and why none of us should automatically and blindly view reform metrics as the cure-all. Measurement is a necessary step toward classroom accountability, but in the hands of hacks, following processes and achieving numbers become goals, instead of what really matters — that kids actually know the material. Atlanta is a cautionary tale.
In Dallas, Miles is on the right track in demanding accountability from top administrators, principals and teachers. And of course, the school board rightly should demand accountability from Miles. But here's the cold truth of any poorly designed metric which is doubly true of systems with poor oversight. Even though educating students is the end game, making a score becomes the end game especially when funding is at stake. The point is Atlanta can happen anywhere.
It matters what is being measured and who is doing the measuring.


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Serves as an educational safe zone for individuals of all backgrounds, nationalities, abilities, ethnic groups, sexual orientations, religions, and social identities. The MLKC is dedicated to helping students cope with the challenges associated with succeeding and graduating from Mansfield University. The primary task of the MLKC is to advance and celebrate the ethnic richness and diversity of our University campus community and to advocate for the needs of its students.
The MLKC in collaboration with the Office of Multicultural Affairs (OMA) and other Campus Diversity Partners provide programs, forums, conferences, educational tours, and cross-cultural activities that promote the exchange of cultural traditions and experiences to enhance the sensitivity of the campus and region. The MLKC houses a collection of books, magazines, video tapes, documentary cassettes, DVD's and other reference materials that are available on loan for employee and student use. The MLKC also serves as a location for community, club and small group meetings, mentoring and tutoring sessions, personal development and diversity training workshops, cultural receptions, and multicultural celebrations. The mission of the MLKC is to promote and advocate for ways to increase awareness and understanding of the rich variety of cultural identities in our communities.


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Once your Hartford (CT) marriage record order is complete, it is electronically sent the next business day to the government agency for processing.
Hundreds of government agencies nationwide exclusively trust VitalChek for accepting their marriage records and other vital record orders.
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(Government Certified)
HARTFORD VITAL RECORDSThe City of Hartford Health Department (Hartford Vital Records) issues certified copies of Hartford birth certificates, Hartford death certificates, and Hartford marriage records for events which occurred within the City of Hartford. You may order copies of Hartford vital records through VitalChek on an expedited basis.
NOTICE: Although VitalChek attempts to include accurate and up-to-date information on this site, state and agency information is subject to change without notice. VitalChek makes no representations or warranties as to the accuracy, completeness or timeliness of the information herein and assumes no liability with respect to such information.
HARTFORD MARRIAGE RECORDSHartford Vital Records issues certified copies of Hartford marriage records of individuals who were married within the City of Hartford, which can typically be used for proof of marriage and other legal purposes.
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Hartford marriage records will only be issued to the parties to the marriage.
VitalChek is an official service, authorized by City Of Hartford Health Dept, to securely order certified Hartford (CT) vital records, like marriage records. Other online services may not be authorized by City Of Hartford Health Dept, and may charge additional fees without providing approved services or guaranteeing confidentiality of your data.
As a government-approved organization for 25 years, VitalChek safely delivers millions of vital records every year and is America's #1 resource for ordering certified marriage records across the nation. VitalChek makes purchasing your family's most important documents, such as Hartford marriage records, simple, fast and secure:
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Pneumatic Otoscope
A pneumatic otoscope is a handheld instrument used to look at the eardrum. It is similar to a regular otoscope, but it allows the health professional to deliver a puff of air to see how the eardrum responds to a change in air pressure.
eMedicineHealth Medical Reference from Healthwise
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. How this information was developed to help you make better health decisions.
To learn more visit Healthwise.org
© 1995-2014 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.


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A lawn isn't just a decorative feature in the garden - it's a place for fun, play and relaxation. Find out how to create your dream lawn using Neudorff Organic Lawn Feed & Improver, below.
Taking good care of your lawn will help to eliminate many common problems such as turf weeds and lawn thatch. Use Neudorff organic products for a healthy, weed-free lawn, without the use of chemicals.
Neudorff Organic Lawn Feed & ImproverMany lawn fertilisers are designed to promote vigorous growth of grass, which then requires frequent mowing. Neudorff Organic Lawn Feed & Improver primarily improves grass density rather than height, resulting in a thicker, hard-wearing lawn.
Natural, safe and effectiveNeudorff Organic Lawn Feed & Improver is made from natural raw materials, and contains additional micro-organisms which revitalise the soil and rapidly break down thatch. Children and pets can venture onto the lawn immediately after fertiliser application.
Mycorrhizal fungiLike all the solid fertilisers in the Neudorff range, the Organic Lawn Feed & Improver contains mycorrhiza fungi. The fungi increase the surface area of the roots, enabling them to absorb more water and nutrients from the soil. This improves the lawn's resistance to both drought and frost.
Download your Garden GuideFor more practical advice on gardening in harmony with nature, download your free Neudorff Garden Guide, in PDF format. The guide includes advice on:
Download your guide now
Do I have to spread the fertiliser with a fertiliser spreader?No, that isn't really necessary though the lawn will grow more evenly using one than if you spread the fertiliser by hand.
What should I do with my grass clippings?Large amounts of grass clippings go mouldy in the Neudorff Thermal Compost Bin. To avoid this let the blades dry out a little bit beforehand and always mix dry material such as fine bark mulch with grass clippings. You can speed up the composting process with Neudorff Organic Compost Accelerator.
I don't feed my lawn so that I don't have to mow it as often. However, weeds have now started spreading. What can I do?If you don't feed your lawn at all you are weakening it. Weeds, however, are much more able to spread and crowd out the lawn grasses. Neudorff's Organic Lawn Feed & Improver increases grass thickness rather than height, which means it becomes beautifully lush without you having to mow as much.
Read answers to more frequently asked questions
Neudorff products are available from all good garden centres including Blue Diamond, Haskins and Hillier Garden Centres.
Find your nearest Neudorff stockist.
Neudorff has specialised in the development and production of natural gardening products for more than 150 years. Wherever possible, it uses active ingredients which can also be found in nature. Its guiding principle is to combine a high degree of efficacy with the best possible degree of compatibility with humans, animals and the environment.
Visit the Neudorff website


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User Experience: Design and Purpose
Design + performance + SEO = optimal UX.
Design and purpose: User experience
Innovative design, well thought-out design: The benchmark for return on investment (ROI) for a content management system is generally set using old parameters. The latest web developments, however, indicate that whoever is involved in the (re)design of web-shops and CMS should under no circumstances underestimate the user experience (UX) for their product.
The results of the most recent studies show that about 31 percent of the total web traffic is now being conducted on mobile devices. The importance of customer experience ranges well beyond the mobile usage however. Companies whose platforms have long loading times have to reckon with losing up to 75 percent of their customers at peak times. Three out of four customers then turn to stable and competing websites.
The future is user-oriented - the design of individual applications aims at the positive experience of a user with a particular product. To be successful, companies have to keep up with this development. An online product has to fulfill many criteria to assure that the UX remains sustainable. It is at this interface between personalization, design and technology that Infopark makes its mark.
Why the user experience is so important for your company
The increasing integration of online applications in day-to-day life is both a challenge and an opportunity for companies. The user experience commences at the moment the visitor calls up the specific online application. In addition, the UX also interacts with various indicators.
What does this mean for the (re)design of CMS and web applications? One of the most important indicators of a positive user experience is the so-called utility; in this regard companies should ask themselves how high the subjective benefit of their functions and content is for the target group they are aiming at.
Beyond that, the so-called accessibility indicates how the loading time and performance of the specific website is perceived by the users. Equally important questions are: Is the offer suited for different end-devices? For instance, is it mobile-friendly?
Just as essential to good UX is the so-called usability. The company must assure that the user reaches his/her goal both effectively and efficiently. Brand promise and esthetics are the remaining UX parameters. The optics of the applications always have to be attractive. Furthermore, the offer also has to fulfill the brand promise and therefore the expectations of the user.
Advantages of a positive user experience for your company
- Thanks to a positive user experience, your company forms long-term bonds with its customers; the range of your presence constantly increases.
- With a positive UX, your users stay on your website significantly longer and can increase both your revenues as well as your customer interaction.
- A user-oriented CMS also assures that your staff identifies with your web presence - so you motivate your entire company.
- User wishes and ideas can be realized significantly faster and more efficiently, i.e. more successfully.
- UX-optimized websites are preferred by search engines in the search results
From design to Internet appearance - the opportunities for user experience
A positive user experience is always based on an in-depth understanding of a company's customers. This is referred to as user-centered design or the customer relationship. For the implementation of the UX in terms of the user-friendliness, the company should take advantage of professional support. Only in this way can the user experience advance from a frequently underestimated footnote to a chapter in the company's album of success.
Thanks to a profound UX strategy with a clear page structure whose simple navigation also works on mobile end-devices, web applications convince customers and visitors. This approach triggers the user's attention and awakens his/her interest with the technology, benefits, references and product searches.
In this manner, a positive user experience also fulfills the requirements of the web activity cycle. Product comparisons, application reports as well as an appealing system presentation result in the user's desire and the subsequent action. Be it a purchase, a registration or a subscription - if the user experience is satisfactory, a company can permanently grow and gain popularity.
User experience with the right strategy
Infopark supports you as a specialist for websites and web application development. Together with you, we jointly develop a web strategy for the best user experience for your business model.


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The use of mobile phones in providing health services is well documented. In countries like Kenya and South Africa, SMS reminders are used to remind Aids patients to take their medication. Other projects use mobile to educate people about malaria and help manage diabetes. That's all well and good, but a number of these projects are the preserve of NGOs, who are reliant on continual funding to keep going.
As with any kind of public funding, there is a danger that it will run out. This means that NGOs cannot always sustain M-Health projects. One way of getting around this is by encouraging entrepreneurship in the mobile health sector.
Marcha Neethling of the Praekelt foundation, which "builds open source, scalable mobile technologies and solutions to improve the health and wellbeing of people living in poverty", believes simply that "the NGO model does not work".
On the other hand, there is definitely a case for commercial interests to enter into the M-Health sector says Dr Peter Benjamin, Managing Director of Cell Life.
"There's a huge buzz around M-Health, you can go to an international M-Health conference every three days," he says.
Marius Conradie, head of M-Health for African cellular giant Vodacom, feels that much of this buzz comes from a need for the commercialisation of the field.
"In order for any M-Health initiative to be sustainable, it has to be commercially sustainable," he says.
Benjamin cautions, however, that –as of yet — "there aren't any major business models that have been shown to work".
Neethling believes, though, partnerships are critical to M-Health working well.
The partnerships that really work, she says, are ones which "bring together everyone from government, doctors and network operators to sangomas".
According to Benjamin, there are two primary ways mobile can be used to in healthcare:
Large tech players are already staking a claim in the M-Health space.
Internet giant Google, for example, launched a health tips service in Uganda. The service allows people to SMS in their health related questions and uses Google's search algorithm to respond with one of over 6 000 pre-programmed answers.
Anyone looking to get into the M-Health sphere shouldn't, however, rush technology onto people, cautions Conradie.
"It's about using mobile technology that people are used to," he says. If a remote rural community have never used smartphones, you probably shouldn't be developing a high-level app for them.
He adds that if M-Health is to be commercially viable, "Government participation is key". National governments, after all, are frequently a country's biggest investor in health.
Entrepeneurs also have a responsibility to innovate in the sector, though, says Dr Adesina Iluyemi, Co-Chair of the NEPAD council's global health commission.
According Iluyemi, an important part of this innovation entails moving away from seeing Mobile health as an exclusively service and software-based sector.
"People are developing devices for mobile health," he says, but stresses that more innovation is needed.
Iluyemi uses the example of researchers who turned basic materials into a fully functional microscope that attaches to a cellphone's camera as an example of the kind of hardware innovation he thinks the sector is ripe for.
As Benjamin says, "M-Health can be as simple as sending a message to a sick relative," but in order to operate to its full potential, it needs fully engaged, innovative entrepreneurship.
Image: hang in there


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|Gouya Daisuke
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In the midst of a terrorist attack that kills all his classmates,Tohru Kuroe knows the chances of seeing yet another woman die makes Tohru pick up an abandoned gun - The beast awakens; taking over. When Tohru comes to his senses, he finds he is now a killer. Finding out he was genetically engineered to be a killer, his codename is D-17, Tohru continues his 'normal' life amidst challengers threatening his life and those around him.


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To inspire homeowners to bring the season's latest trends into their homes, Ace's Design Experts recommend the following décor tips to pair alongside their fresh summer color selections:
- Look for unique geometric prints or patterns and utilize them in your décor whenever possible. Try them on fabrics, rugs and tiles for a fun update to any room.
- This summer, go matte when it comes to things like glass, tile, wood flooring, countertops, cabinets and natural woods. This modern finish is in full force and applies to elements that would normally have a polished or glossy finish.
- Refresh old bedding with a simple duvet and shams in a crisp, clean white for summer. Add a pop of color with accent pillows and a brightly colored quilt or throw that can be changed out easily and regularly.
- Replace traditional blinds with simple drapery panels, fabric roman or woven wood shades to bring natural light and a modern feel into a space.
- From chair frames to wood flooring, natural toned woods are gaining popularity this season—it's no longer just for rustic or reclaimed furniture. Use this wood for a more contemporary, on-trend look.
- A bold patterned rug can anchor a room and pull together any color palette. Stick to solid shades for the rest of the room and tie it all together by pulling from the colors found in the rug.
Source: www.clarkandkensington.com.
Photo Credit: www.fschumacher.com


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Vermillion County Indiana Genealogy
sas. James A. White was reared on a frontier farm, and had but limited educational advantages, being unable to write when he was twenty-one years old. He came to Vermillion County in August, 1832, and settled near where he now lives. He lived in a tent two months, until he could get a house built. He has cleared and improved his land and now owns one of the best farms in the township. Mr. White was married January 27, 1831, to Martha R. Elder, a native of Pennsylvania, daughter of David Elder. To them have been born eleven children, seven of whom are living -- Orville J., Florence E., Rienza M., James A., Jr., Pique, Serena, and Dr. Charles M. Two, Maria L. and William Franklin, died after reaching maturity and two died in childhood. William was a soldier during the war of the Rebellion and gave his life in defense of his country's honor.
HIRAM HELT, one of the old and respected pioneers of Helt Township who is now deceased, was born in the same township on section 28, where he was living at the time of his death, the date of his birth being May 1, 1824. His father, Michael Helt, was one of the early pioneers of the county. Our subject was reared a farmer, receiving in his youth such educational advantages as the pioneer log cabin subscription schools of that early day afforded. He went to California during the gold excitement, where he mined for three years, after which he returned to Vermillion County. March 18, 1860, he was married to Mrs. Mary Langston, widow of John Milton Langston, and daughter of John Skidmore. Of the four children born to this union two are living Alma E. and Ulysses M. The former married William J. Russell, of Helt Township, and has one child named Quincey Lee. Mrs. Helt had two children by her first marriage -- John Franklin and Sarah J., deceased wife of Huston Southard, who left at her death three children named Roy, Emma and Dolly. Mr. Helt was an active and successful farmer, and followed agricultural pursuits until his death, which occurred March 15, 1876. He was a man of strict integrity, honorable in all his dealings, and by his genial manners and cordial disposition made many friends.
ADAM PEARMAN, contractor and builder, residing on section 35, Helt Township, Vermillion County, was born in the same township, May 7, 1844, a son of John and Rachel (Dinsmore) Pearman, the father being a native of Hardin County, Kentucky, born September 27, 1817. His father, Sebert Pearman, was also a Kentuckian by birth, and was a soldier in the war of 1812. He came with his family to Vermillion County, in 1829, the father of our subject, being at that time but twelve years of age. He settled right in the woods when animals and Indians were the principal inhabitants of the surrounding country, and here they passed through privation and hardship incident to pioneer life. The family came to the county in a wagon drawn by two yoke of oxen, fording the White and Wabash rivers. Their nearest milling point was Eugene, a distance of sixteen miles from their home. Sebert Pearman was a millwright, and during one winter he operated the mill at Eugene. The mill on Big Vermillion River near Danville was built by him. Adam Pearman, the subject of this sketch, passed his youth in assisting his father with the work of his farm, and attending the schools
of his neighborhood where he received a fair common-school education. He served in the war of the Rebellion, enlisting in Company I, Fourteenth Indiana Infantry. He remained with that company over a year when it was consolidated with companies E and H, Twentieth Indiana Infantry, at the battle of Richmond, Kentucky, where our subject was captured. He was paroled on the field, and soon after went into camp at Terre Haute, Indiana. He is now a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. September 8, 1871, he was married to Miss Martha Long, a daughter of John Long, of Bloomingdale, Indiana. They have three children -- J. Curry, Oscar and James Walter. Both he and his wife are members of the Christian church. His parents were also members of the same denomination. They were the parents of nine children, of whom only two are living at the present time -- Samuel and Adam. Samuel married Margaret Lowe, and Adam. Samuel married Margaret Lowe, and has four children, named Nora, Thomas, Effie and Bessie. He makes his home in Nemaha County, Kansas. Henry C., a brother of our subject, was killed at the battle of the Wilderness while serving his country in the late war.
CAPTAIN TIPTON, of Eugene Township, came to this point when there were no roads, no towns nor people between, near the Ohio line and the Wabash River, the only guide being the compass. He was a tall, broad-shouldered, erect, soldierly man, florid complexion, his auburn hair sadly thinned in his old age. He was a scout to General Wayne, after the sad defeat of Sinclair and others in Ohio. He often pierced the hostile lines of the Indians and brought back information that none but the most cunning and bravest could accomplish or do. He was always active in good acts at home, and died full of years.
COLUMBUS C. HEDGES, farmer and tile manufacturer, residing on section 25, Clinton Township, was born at the pioneer home of his parents, William and Pamelia (Alden) Hedges, in Clinton Township, April 19, 1836. His parents were natives of Otsego County, New York. When but eighteen years of age, in 1819, the father was in Vermillion County, Indiana, on a Government survey. After his marriage, probably in the year 1824, he became a resident of the county, and not long afterward settled on section 25, Clinton Township. He was an active and energetic man, and built and operated a saw-mill, one of the pioneer mills of the county, on Brouillett's Creek. He died at Clinton, October 24, 1873. His widow is still living. Of their large family the following children still survive -- Mrs. Irene Shew, Mrs. Mary A. Shew, Mrs. Alma Shew, Noah, and Columbus C., our subject, all residing in Clinton Township. Columbus C. has always lived in Clinton Township, his present home being a part of the large estate which his father left at his death. He was married in 1858 to Miss Sarah E. Funkhouser, a native of Vigo County, Indiana, and a daughter of Isaac E. Funhouser [sic]. The children born to them are as follows -- Mrs. Emma Tice, living in Arkansas; Martha died aged fourteen years; Albert died in infancy; Mrs. Eva Beard, also deceased; William H., living near his parents in Clinton Township; Carrie, at home; Mrs. Nettie M. Welker, of Edgar County, Illinois; and Sadie, Ollie B., Ina D., Alden F., Berdella, Mary and Lota, all living at home. Mr. Hedges established
|Copyright ©1996-2017 INGenWeb Project
Material that is copyrighted by others appears with permission, or is used under the provisions of fair use.
The copyrights of any contributor's material remain with the contributor.


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Chávez Appears on Cuban TV
A Cuban state television channel aired footage of Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez on Tuesday, only the second images of him seen since his emergency surgery on June 10. The new images show Chávez dressed in a tracksuit in the same colors as the Venezuelan flag, in "fraternal" meeting with Cuban President Fidel Castro. The television station said the images had been taken Thursday, and they did not give any details on Chávez 's condition. Venezuelan officials said Chávez 's surgery was for a pelvic abscess, but his long absence from his country has left some to speculate that his condition is much more serious.


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Edit Article
wikiHow to Use RedLaser to Generate QR Codes
QR codes are one of those 'next big things'. You can make a QR code for just about everything. You can share your location, your website, and do many other things using it. And RedLaser makes it very easy to generate QR codes.
1Open RedLaser and press the More button. This will take you to a few more options that RedLaser has. Select the QR Code Creator.
3Use Share Your Info. This is great for creating and sharing your info on the fly (or for having it saved for reference). It can even double as a digital business card.
5Share Your Location. You can share your location with everyone, or just a few. You can use it to mark a location (say, a property for sale), or anything else. Here, the location has been skewed to protect privacy.
6Once you have created a QR code. Decide what you want to do with it. Your options are to save it in your photo album, email it, or cancel it.
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- If you can't find it, you are probably looking under the wrong 'section' (at least for iTunes). Be sure that you are looking under iPhone apps.
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A special cause is giving bikers another chance to ride.
More than 80 bikers gathered for a poker run at East End Cafe to benefit Cindy Sharrer. Sharrer was assaulted last month after a man robbed the Lighthouse Inn where she was working, threw her in a cooler and attempted to light the building on fire.
"A woman that's been a friend of mine for years, her husband got injured in a motorcycle wreck years ago and she's been taking care of him, he's in a wheelchair and now she's in one too," said Benefit Organizer Kenny Forsythe.
Forsythe says during the attack, Sharrer had broken a bone in her leg and needed surgery. All proceeds will help with her medical bills. He says the incident came as shock to everyone who knows her.
"It kind of upset me that he would do that but I really felt bad for her, she's a 60-year-old grandmother and she really doesn't need to be injured," says the friend.
Cody Fisher, 29, was arrested in connection to the crime and faces six felony charges, including attempted murder. He remains in Muskingum County jail.


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Last week, we reported on the ongoing financial troubles at the Chelsea Art Museum. Though it had managed to stay afloat since its first major money crisis back at the start of 2008, a breaking point, at least a temporary one, has apparently been reached. The museum has announced that it will be closed for the rest of the month while it tries to assemble a plan to avoid foreclosure and being shuttered for good. Here's a bit from the Wall Street Journal's report on the news:
It is not clear whether the closure is directly related to the bankruptcy filing or to [museum owner/founder Dorothea Keeser]'s debt restructuring talks with her creditor, Hudson Realty Capital. The New York real-estate fund refinanced the building's mortgage with an $11 million loan in 2008 and, with interest, is currently owed about $13 million.
…Two former employees said an August shutdown was not typical of the museum's operations, and they added that the museum had previously scheduled shows during the second half of the month.


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Hazel Ying Lee
This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. (December 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
|Hazel Ying Lee
|August 24, 1912
Portland, Oregon
|November 25, 1944
(aged 32)
|United States
|United States Army
|Women Airforce Service Pilots
|World War II
Hazel Ying Lee (Chinese: 李月英; pinyin: Lǐ Yuèyīng; August 24, 1912 – November 25, 1944) was a Chinese-American pilot who flew for the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II.[1]
Lee was born in Portland, Oregon. Her parents were Yuet Lee and Ssiu Lan Wong. Her father was a merchant. Her mother devoted her energy to raising eight children and helping with the family business. Despite the widespread anti-Chinese bias of her time, Lee led a full and active life. Lee swam, played handball, loved to play cards and, in her teenage years, learned how to drive.
Following graduation from high school in 1929, Lee found a job as an elevator operator at Liebes Department Store in downtown Portland. It was one of the few jobs that a Chinese-American woman could hold during this time.
In 1932, Lee took her first airplane ride. At a time when less than 1% of pilots in the U.S. were women, Lee joined the Chinese Flying Club of Portland and took flying lessons with famed aviator Al Greenwood. Despite opposition from her mother, Lee "had to fly." In discussing Lee's love of flying, her sister Frances said, "It was the thought of doing something she loved. Lee enjoyed the danger and doing something that was new to Chinese girls."
In October 1932, Lee became one of the first Chinese-American women to earn a pilot's license. In speaking of Lee and the handful of other Chinese-American women pilots of that time, author Judy Yung has written "Although few in number, these first Chinese American aviators, in their attempt to participate in a daring sport, broke the stereotype of the passive Chinese women and demonstrated the ability of Chinese American women to compete in a male dominated field." While in Portland, Lee met her future husband "Clifford" Louie Yim-qun.
Time in China[edit]
In response to Japanese incursions into China in 1933, Lee journeyed to China with the goal of joining the Chinese Air Force. Despite the need for pilots, the Republic of China Air Force would not accept a woman pilot. Frustrated, Lee instead settled in Canton and spent the next few years flying for a private airline. She was one of a very small number of women pilots in China.[2]
In 1937, Japan invaded China. Lee remained in the country despite the war and was in Canton when hundreds of civilians were killed in Japanese air attacks.[3] Friends speak of Lee's calm while bombs fell all around and remember Lee's effort to find shelter for friends, neighbors and family. Thanks to Lee, all survived the bombing attacks. Following another unsuccessful effort to join the Chinese Air Force, Lee escaped to Hong Kong and returned to the United States in 1938. In New York City, Lee worked for the Chinese government as a buyer of war materials for besieged China.[2]
Military career[edit]
After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, America was drawn into World War II. As the war claimed the time and lives of American pilots, it became clear that there were not enough male pilots to sustain the war effort at home. With the ambivalent support of Army Air Force Commander Henry "Hap" Arnold, the Women Airforce Service Pilots or "WASP," was created in 1943, under the command of famed aviator Jacqueline Cochran.
Experienced women pilots, like Lee, were eager to join the WASP, and responded to interview requests by Cochran. Members of the WASP reported to Avenger Field, in Sweetwater, Texas for an arduous six-month training program. Lee was accepted into the 4th class, 43 W 4.[4] Hazel Ying Lee was the first Chinese-American woman to fly for the United States military.
Although flying under military command, the women pilots of the WASP were classified as civilians. They were paid through the civil service. No military benefits were offered. Even if killed in the line of duty, no military funerals were allowed. The WASPs were often assigned the least desirable missions, such as winter trips in open cockpit airplanes. Commanding officers were reluctant to give women any flying deliveries. It took an order from the head of the Air Transport Command to improve the situation.
Upon graduation, Lee was assigned to the third Ferrying Group at Romulus, Michigan. Their assignment was critical to the war effort. They delivered aircraft, being manufactured in large numbers in converted automobile factories, to points of embarkation, where they would then be shipped to the European and Pacific war fronts. In a letter to her sister, Lee described Romulus as "a 7-day workweek, with little time off." When asked to describe Lee's attitude, a fellow member of the WASP summed it up in Lee's own words, "I'll take and deliver anything."
Described by her fellow pilots as "calm and fearless," Lee had two forced landings. One landing took place in a Kansas wheat field. A farmer, pitchfork in hand, chased her around the plane while shouting to his neighbors that the Japanese had invaded Kansas. Alternately running and ducking under her wing, Lee finally stood her ground. She told the farmer who she was and demanded that he put the pitchfork down. He complied.
Lee was a favorite with just about all of her fellow pilots. She had a great sense of humor and a marvelous sense of mischief. Lee used her lipstick to inscribe Chinese characters on the tail of her plane and the planes of her fellow pilots. One lucky fellow who happened to be a bit on the chubby side, had his plane dubbed (unknown to him) "Fat Ass."
Lee was in demand when a mission was RON (Remaining Overnight). In a big city or in a small country town, she could always find a Chinese restaurant, supervise the menu, and often cook the food herself. She was a great cook. Fellow WASP pilot Sylvia Dahmes Clayton observed that "Hazel provided me with an opportunity to learn about a different culture at a time when I did not know anything else. She expanded my world and my outlook on life."
In September 1944, Lee was sent to Pursuit School at Brownsville, Texas for intensive training. She was part of Class 44-18 Flight B and went on to be among the 134 women pilots who flew "Pursuit," that is faster, high powered fighters such as the P-63 Kingcobra, P-51 Mustang and P-39 Airacobra. Lee's favorite was the Mustang.
Lee and the others were the first women to pilot fighter aircraft for the United States military.
On November 10, 1944, Lee received orders to go to the Bell Aircraft factory at Niagara Falls, New York and pick up a P-63 and deliver the plane to Great Falls, Montana. During the War, Lee and the other Pursuit pilots delivered over 5,000 fighters to Great Falls. Great Falls was the link in supplying Russian allies with planes. From there, male pilots flew the fighters on to Alaska, where Russian pilots waited to fly the planes home.
Bad weather delayed the mission at Fargo, North Dakota. On Thanksgiving morning, the weather cleared and Lee was able to leave Fargo. A little after 2 p.m., Lee was cleared to land in Great Falls. A large number of P-63's approached the airport at the same time. There was confusion on the part of the control tower. Upon landing, Lee's plane and another P-63 collided, and were engulfed in flames. Lee was pulled from the burning wreckage of her airplane, her flight jacket still smoldering.
Two days later, on November 25, 1944, Lee died from the burns she received in the accident. Only three days after learning of Lee's death, the Lee family received another telegram. Lee's brother, Victor, serving with the U.S. Tank Corps, had been killed in combat in France. As they prepared to bury Hazel and Victor, the family picked out a burial site in a Portland, Oregon cemetery.[5]
The cemetery refused to allow the family to bury Hazel and Victor in the chosen spot, citing cemetery policy that did not allow Asians to be buried "in the White section." After a lengthy battle, the Lee family prevailed. Lee was laid to rest in a non-military funeral, and buried alongside her brother, on a sloping hill in River View Cemetery,[5] overlooking the Willamette River.
For over three decades, members of the WASP and their supporters attempted to secure military status for the women pilots. In March 1979, following United States Congressional approval of Public Law 95-202, the efforts of the Women Airforce Service pilots were finally recognized and military status was finally granted.
Thirty-eight pilots of the WASP died while in service to their country during the difficult years of World War II. Lee was the last to die.
- ^ "Hazel Ying Lee: Showcased Asian-American involvement in war effort". Air Force ISR Agency. March 6, 2013.
- ^ a b "Hazel Lee : World War II Database". Retrieved July 1, 2014.
- ^ "The Campaign to Seize Canton (Guangzhou) - 1937 - 1938". Retrieved October 6, 2015.
- ^ "Women Airforce Service Pilots: Hazel Ah Ying Lee" (PDF). Texas Women's University.
- ^ a b "Hazel Ying Lee: Fighting for Gender Equality" (PDF). National Center for the Preservation of Democracy.
External links[edit]
- American military personnel of Chinese descent
- American women in World War II
- Military personnel from Portland, Oregon
- Chinese people of World War II
- American people of Chinese descent
- Female aviators
- Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in the United States
- 1912 births
- 1944 deaths
- Accidental deaths in Montana
- Women Airforce Service Pilots
- American military personnel killed in World War II
- American female aviators


text: Hi. I've installed cedet-1.0 and ecb-2.40 on GNU emacs-23 When editing python sources, ECB sucesfully sees all code structure like imports, base classes, and all their methods. However, neither of completion methods can suggest anything but local scope symbols. Is it possible to tweak semantic or senator to complete symbols from imported modules, classes, base classes, and recognize 'self' as a ref to current class instance? -- qMax, ever