text:
St Augustine's prayer book Paperback
A book of devotion
by Cobb and Olsen;
Out of stock
A Bird's Eye View from Eden
Enhance your spritual life with this powerful book of devotion, helping you develop strong habits of prayer and liturgy
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St Augustine's prayer book
Full Product Description
Saint Augustine's Prayer Book is a book of prayer and practice - with disciplines, habits, and patterns for building a Christian spiritual life.
This wonderful collection will help you to develop strong habits of prayer, to prepare for and participate in public liturgy thoughtfully, and to nurture a mind and soul ready to work and give and pray for the spread of the kingdom. Saint Augustine's Prayer Book features "Holy Habits of Prayer," devotions to accompany Holy Eucharist, Stations of the Cross, and Stations of the Resurrection, and a wide range of litanies, collects, and prayers for all occasions.
The newly revised edition includes the treasured liturgies and prayers of the original while offering some important updates in language and content.
Revised and edited by well-regarded scholars David Cobb and Derek Olsen.
Further revised for the UK market by Peter Bradley and Philip Chester.
St Augustine's prayer book by Cobb and Olsen was published by SPCK Publishing in March 2016 and is our 45677th best seller. The ISBN for St Augustine's prayer book is 9780281073825.
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Details for St Augustine's prayer book
|Author / Artist
|Cobb and Olsen
|Book Format
|SPCK Publishing (March 2016)
|Number of Pages
|160 mm
|110 mm
|Product Code
|Page last updated
|9th December 2016


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Utilities closing analytics skills gap with SAS® software, research grant
SAS funds UNC Charlotte's Energy Production Infrastructure Center offering hands-on analytics experience
Utilities lack a strong pipeline of data scientists to tackle tough industry-business concerns. Analytics leader SAS has stepped up with a research and software grant, including energy forecasting technologies, to the University of North Carolina at Charlotte's Energy Production Infrastructure Center (EPIC). Multidisciplinary engineering coursework combined with practical data applications are expected to attract new students to the field.
"Utilities face a massive business transformation toward digital technologies with increased analytic requirements. On the other hand utilities also claim one of the highest average professional-employee age of any industry," said Johan Enslin, EPIC Director. "Their looming retirement threatens a loss of valuable knowledge. To address the talent gap, SAS announced the EPIC grant today. Paired with SAS Analytics U, its broad higher-education initiative, this demonstrates the company's strong commitment to the energy sector and STEM education."
In PwC's 2013 US CEO Survey, 54 percent of all global CEOs said that skills availability is a potential threat to business growth. In power and utilities, those numbers are likely higher. We can anticipate a future in which a much wider range of available technologies, resource scarcities and demographic shifts will affect the industry.
Located on the Charlotte Research Institute Campus, EPIC aims to enhance the technical and business workforce for the global energy industry. SAS joins Duke Energy, AREVA Inc. and Siemens Energy in funding EPIC programs. The SAS grant will be devoted to the Energy Analytics Research Laboratory led by Tao Hong, Graduate Program Director and EPIC Assistant Professor at UNC Charlotte, to support education, research and development in advanced analytics applications for utilities as well as oil and gas.
"The new SAS grant will offer our students invaluable hands-on experience with the analytics software that hundreds of energy companies use for operations and planning," said Hong. "That experience with SAS Analytics represents a tremendous advantage in the energy job market. They can go to employment interviews and their first days of work with added confidence from that experience with state-of-the-art technology."
Beginning August 2014, EPIC courses will use SAS® software to introduce descriptive, predictive and prescriptive analytics and their applications in energy forecasting, demand response analytics, outage management, energy trading and risk management.
"We have already seen utilities recognize business value from SAS Energy Forecasting and SAS Visual Analytics. By integrating these technologies into the EPIC curriculum, we are enabling UNC Charlotte to prepare the next generation of energy analysts," said Alyssa Farrell, Product Marketing Manager for Energy at SAS. "Competition for talent is increasing, and utilities will want to consider hiring EPIC's engineering graduates."
This announcement was made at SAS world headquarters in Cary, NC during the Night of Innovation, a showcase of new ideas and solutions for the utility industry. SAS also presented energy analytics advances at the Utility Analytics Summit, an annual strategic conference produced by the Utility Analytics Institute that addresses the unique issues and complexities utility professionals encounter from grid analytics, customer analytics and analytics-infrastructure initiatives.
Om SAS Institute i Norden og Baltikum
SAS Institute er verdens største privateide IT-selskap med over 11 000 ansatte og 50 000 kunder i 127 land, og er ledende leverandør av Business Intelligence og Analytics løsninger. Selskapet har opparbeidet en sterk posisjon i Norden og Baltikum og bistår over 1300 kunder fra kontorer i Oslo, Stavanger, København, Skanderborg, Stockholm, Helsinki, Riga og Vilnius.
Siden 1976 har SAS Institute gitt kundene muligheten til å ta riktigere beslutninger raskere. Avanserte statistikk- og analysemetoder i brukervennlige applikasjoner hjelper virksomhetene med å avdekke nye sammenhenger og se nye forretningsmessige muligheter. SAS Institute er den eneste leverandøren som fullt og helt integrerer datavarehus, analyse og løsninger for Business Analytics, slik at du får ny og overordnet kunnskap ut av din virksomhets data.

subset: commoncrawl


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WEST DES MOINES, IOWA Republican presidential candidate Sam Brownback met Wednesday with influential evangelical leaders and said religious conservatives are moving in his direction as they learn more about his anti-abortion and anti-gay marriage views.
Brownback's meeting with 15 to 20 evangelical pastors came as the Kansas senator maps out his strategy for the Aug. 11 straw poll in Ames.
"It's typical in an election that people hold back and want to get a good feel for the candidate," Brownback said. "Now we're getting within eyeshot of Aug. 11 and they're breaking and a lot of them are breaking our way."
Although big-name candidates, such as Rudy Giuliani and John McCain, will skip the straw poll, the event will likely have a significant effect on the race for the GOP nomination. Former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney is expected to finish first in the poll, and second-tier candidates like Brownback are looking to break from the pack.
Brownback said evangelical Christians are an essential part of his plan. "I think it's critical and I think we're doing pretty well," Brownback said. "We are reaching out aggressively to a number of communities and the evangelical is a key one of them."
Some evangelical pastors said Brownback's staunchly conservative message resonates with their congregations.
The Rev. Bob Deever, of Grace West Church in West Des Moines, said he appreciates Brownback's focus on family.
"He has the right heart, and family is very much faith-based," Deever said.
Nick Bal, of Walnut Creek Evangelical Church in West Des Moines, said, "People just need to know about him."
Evangelical Christians have played an important role in Iowa Republican politics since the 1987-88 presidential election.
TV evangelist Pat Robertson won the straw poll in that cycle, then finished second in the caucuses. Though he faded as the primary season unfolded, the strength of evangelicals in the state's GOP politics remains.
Copyright 2017 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. We strive to uphold our values for every story published.


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A special TwoCircles.net series on Azamgarh
In recent month, Azamgarh has seen many journalists; and the world has seen many reports, coverage, and opinions on Azamgarh and its connection with terrorism. Mumtaz Alam Falahi of TwoCircles.net visited Azamgarh to let the area and its residents speak for themselves. In this special series on Azamgarh you will hear Hindus and Muslims, Young and Old, Students and Intellectuals speak their mind.
We are thankful to Kaleem Kawaja of Washington DC for sponsoring this series. Thanks to those in and around Azamgarh who let us speak to them and helped us in this series.
Shadow of fear:
This MBA youth from Azamgarh fearing returning to Delhi
Sanjarpur still living in fear, hasn't lost hope
A conspiracy to halt progress of Azamgarh Muslims: ex-SIMI chief
No Azamgarh Muslim is terrorist: local Hindus
No Azamgarh Muslim is terrorist: local Hindus
Hindu-Muslim relations in Azamgarh remain intact
Where did Azmis working abroad spend their money?
Top doctors in Azamgarh are Muslims
Muslim girls in Azamgarh getting higher education, giving tough fight to boys
Batla House encounter: what do Azamgarh Muslim intellectuals say?
TwoCirclesTV: TCN YouTube channel
awakening please
i m heartened to see such an initiative coming for my city.i appreciate the initiative and look forward to create a positive image for my hometown.i hav been staying away from home since july 2005,but emotionally i m linked to my city.it hurts wen ppl just recall d bad names. the city has been d native town of several dignitaries, we just need an awakening and a platform to spread d awakenity.ppl who have any information relating to the achievers,please post under this topic.the idea of promoting the reputation will be well thought of n implemented as soon as substantial data is collected.
i will try to get them published too.
please upload the name and text with the achievement
urls too can be posted.
Azamgarh land of scholars
My beloved Azamgarh...its a land of scholars...the land of Azamgarh has been producing world class scholars,scientists,doctors,engineers....its is a district with dinstinction in India..its people have worked hard,toiled day and night in middle east so that their children can have decent life...the people have invested in their children's education so that they can have good future...Azmis as the people of Azamgarh are known as stand out in every aspect of life...We Azmis are not terrorist but law abiding,peace loving,hard working,resposible citizens of India.
Twocircle is doing a great job in highlighting the true face of Azamgarh.
About azamgarh
Azamgarh is a holly and very pleasant area there's area's environment have spring,rainy season, winter and summer.Azamgarh area is an agricultural all
all types of corn (grain)are growing


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This version of PGP combines many of the new features of PGP 5.0 with
the command line interface of PGP 2.6.x.
I ported this in an effort to get the newer code working under FreeBSD.
The port is fairly straightforward, but my main focus was being able to build
a functioning executable. Also, this is a port of beta code. It seems to
work just fine, but keep in mind that it is a beta.
More information on this port can be found at:
WWW: http://www.pgpi.org/
No installation instructions: this port has been deleted.
The package name of this deleted port was: pgp6
PKGNAME: pgp
ONLY_FOR_ARCHS: i386
distinfo: There is no distinfo for this port.
NOTE: FreshPorts displays only information on required and default dependencies. Optional dependencies are not covered.
No options to configure
Number of commits found: 27
As previously advertised, delete ports that have
vulnerabilities listed in portaudit, and those
that depend on them - part 1
Relies on xpm, vulnerable since 2004-09-15
Vulnerable since 2006-10-07
Vulnerable since 2009-12-17
Vulnerable since 2005-07-31
Only works with www/rt36, which is FORBIDDEN
Mark vulnerable ports FORBIDDEN with EXPIRATION_DATE= 2011-09-30
-remove MD5
PR: ports/138792
Submitted by: Cristiano Rolim Pereira <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Reset email@example.com: maintainer's mbox is full, and last approval
was in 2007.
Hat: portmgr
Fix build on FreeBSD/i386 8-CURRENT. (7.0 building with GCC 4.2)
Also broken with gcc4.2.
Approved by: krion@
SIZEify (maintainer timeout)
BROKEN on !i386: Does not compile
Use PLIST_FILES (bento-tested, marcus-reviewed).
Bump PORTREVISION on all ports that depend on gettext to aid with upgrading.
(Part 1)
- Fix build on 5.x
PR: ports/61762
Submitted by: maintainer
- set new MAINTAINER
firstname.lastname@example.com (Len Sassaman) wrote:
I'm interested in taking over the maintainer role for PGP 6.5.8. Ian
Goldberg and I wrote some patches a while ago which correct the known
problems in it. It still has its uses, particularly with older scripts,
and the internal crypto is more easily auditable than GnuPG. I believe it
should be still accessible through the ports tree.
Reset maintainer and mark forbidden. From private email from the current
maintainer, in my response to request about build errors on 5.x:
As much as I may try, I just can't find the time anymore to spend on
projects such as this. Since there are some documented exploits
available against 6.5.x, it would probably be best to remove the port.
Move inclusion of bsd.port.pre.mk later in the file for conditional BROKEN
tag. Early inclusion caused problems for some ports, so to be safe I'm
updating all of them.
Pointy hat to: kris
BROKEN on 5.1: does not compile
Remove RESTRICTED tag for crypto stuff.
Approved by: kris (implicitly)
Style police: WWW tags should either end in a file/script or TRAILING /; Fix the
later case
Set LATEST_LINK to pgp[56].
add missed patches.
update to 6.5.8.
Massive style enforcement - use ^I instead of spaces for variables identation.
Convert category security to new layout.
Add manpage to MAN1
Update to PGP (International version) 6.5.1i. This is actually a new port,
repo-copied from security/pgp5 by asami.
Servers and bandwidth provided byNew York Internet, SuperNews, and RootBSD
No vulnerabilities have been reported in the past 14 days
* - modified, not new
All vulnerabilities


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Adam Lambert upsets fans with risque American Music Awards performance
Some people just don't know their audience.
Last night, Adam Lambert angered some fans after a racy American Music Awards performance in which he simulated scenes of sexual slavery. Desperate to shed any family friendly following from American Idol, Lambert evoked Erotica-era Madonna replete with bondage, simulated oral sex and a same-sex kiss.
Dressed in a metallic suit with shoulder spikes, Lambert trotted around stage dragging his dancers by a leash while vocally riffing on his first single, the musically sedate "For Your Entertainment." It was a spectacle that reeked of re-branding, as Lambert and his handlers deliberately craft a sexually rebellious glam-rock image.
But some of his fans were not impressed.
Weighing in on his racy finale, The L.A. Times Pop & Hiss blog writes:
Within minutes of the American Music Awards coming to an end, irate viewers had begun writing in. Reader Kathie Kunish declared that the telecast should have been rated "PG-14," and user "penny" noted that she had to cover the eyes of her 10-year-old daughter.
Reader Richard Bowen agreed, posting on Pop & Hiss, "I know he wants to break out and show the world his dangerous side, but why alienate an entire population of kids to do it?"
Lambert is blaming criticism of his show on the double-standard. When asked what he would feel if ABC edited his performance for re-broadcasts, he told the Times: "If it's gonna be edited, then in a way that's discrimination. I don't mean to get political, but Madonna, Britney and Christina weren't edited…It's a shame. Female entertainers have been risqué for years. Honestly, there's a huge double standard."
To be fair, the Madonna/Britney/Christina three-way made quite a splash at the time, but mostly because fans enjoyed it. Lambert, who is making an equal spectacle of his sexual self in the media, is not garnering the same kind of adoration. There's something forced and disingenuous about Lambert's act, which makes it altogether less sexy. And Lambert is making no secret of the fact that his sexuality sets him apart, and that he does after all, have something to prove.
Watch this and judge for yourself:


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Journeying & Pathwalking
mostly excerpt from The Pathwalker's Guide
Articles about Pathwalking
- Pathwalker's Blessing
- Worldwalker: The Introduction
- Journeying and Pathwalking
- The Etiquette of Alternate Reality
- Pathwalking: What and Why
- Doing Magic In Otherworlds
- The World Tree In Your Backyard: Building a Stang
- A closer look at my Pathwalking Kit
- Pathwalking With Runes
- Journeying Tips From A Cosmic Diplomat by Lydia Helasdottir
Nine Worlds Travel Guide
- Yggdrasil The World Tree
- Midgard Home of the humans
- Muspellheim Home of the Fire-Giants
- Asgard Home of the Aesir
- Ljossalfheim Home of the Light-Elves
- Vanaheim Home of the Vanir
- Jotunheim Home of the Giants
- Svartalfheim & Nidavellir Home of the Dark Elves and Dwarves
- Niflheim Home of the Frost-Giants
- Helheim Land of the Dead
Races of the Nine Worlds
Raven's Pathwalking Journal
Journal entries written during and in preparation for nine straight days of pathwalking, October 6th to October 14th of 2003.
Preparation for the Journey
Nine Worlds, Nine Days
- Day 1, Midgard: "I am a traveler on Man's Roads."
- Day 2, Muspellheim: "I am a skald before the Great Fire."
- Day 3, Asgard: "I have learned kingship on borrowed thrones."
- Day 4, Alfheim: "I am a harbinger of the teind."
- Day 5, Vanaheim: "I am a keeper of the cycle of the year."
- Day 6, Jotunheim: "I am the lost child of the Iron Wood."
- Day 7, Svartalfheim "I am a carrier of the hammer's blessing."
- Day 8, Niflheim "I have shed tears for the chained beast."
- Day 9, Helheim "I am a speaker for the dead of my tribe."


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I'm looking at a two-litre bottle of Coca-Cola.
It cost £1.99 but the label tempts me to buy two for only £3 – so why not? Well here's a reason. The nutritional information on the side says the bottle contains no protein, no fat, no fibre and no salt but 26.5 grams of sugar for each 250ml serving. It is a 2000ml bottle. That makes the total sugar content 212grams – almost one-quarter of one kilo or half a pound.
The £3 deal would contain an entire pound of sugar. That is the only nutritional value in the bottle. Yet how many people who guzzle fizzy drinks in place of water would knowingly sit down with a bag of sugar and scoff the lot?
Loading article content
Not many, since we know sugar is bad for us: it's addictive and can cause cancer, diabetes and heart disease.
For too many people drinking fizzy drinks is a dangerous habit. Is it time to make it more expensive?
The road to obesity is paved with good intentions and becoming ever more crowded. The problem is so large (if you'll excuse the pun) it is costing the NHS £5.1 billion a year in the UK and becoming worse year by year.
It is reckoned that by 2050, 60% of men, 50% of women and 25% of children will be obese. I can't think of a more efficient way of making a country utterly miserable as well as profoundly unhealthy.
The prospect is unaffordable in every way. So should we fight the 20% tax on fizzy drinks proposed by the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges or welcome it?
It has to be the latter. We know what makes us fat. We've been warned about the detrimental effects of a diet full of sugar on our bodies, on the economy – and on the national aesthetic. Yet when a branch of Krispy Kreme doughnuts opened on the outskirts of Edinburgh last week, a queue formed.
We're sugar junkies – so if willpower won't shift our habit, a financial penalty must be worth trying. At least a tax will help to pay for some of the huge medical costs.
It is one of 10 action points which together sound authoritarian but are really just a reflection of the crisis we have brought upon ourselves. Others include a ban on the sale of fast foods at or near school gates, ridding hospitals of high carbohydrate snack machines, an increase in bariatric surgery, investment in weight management programmes and NHS staff broaching weight with obese patients. I say hallelujah. Vending machines should never have been allowed in hospitals in the first place and why teach children about healthy eating in school only to send them out to council licensed fast food at the gate?
The academy, which represents 200,000 doctors, has also called for advertisements for food high in fats, salt and sugar to be banned before the 9pm watershed. That should help parents by cutting down on pestering.
The UK is becoming the fat man of Europe and there's no excuse. My heart goes out to people who are struggling to feed a family on a low income. But as we learned recently, the fattest children are not the poorest – they are the moderately well off. There's a toxic combination of self-indulgence and laziness at the root of our growing malaise.
I'm part of it. I need to shift a couple of stones. I need to cut my portion sizes and take more exercise. And every day I swear I will do just that – tomorrow.
I know what to blame for my excess weight. I blame me. And I know who to blame for the 31% of Scottish children age from seven to 11 who are overweight. I blame their parents. They can't eat what their parents don't buy. It's really that simple.
The state would prosecute parents who gave their children cigarettes or alcohol. A high sugar/high fat diet can be every bit as lethal.
I know how tempting supermarket aisles can be. But a supermarket's priority is a high profit margin. Looking out for the family's health is up to us.
I no longer have to feed a family of hungry children but when I did I was never tempted to buy fizzy drinks and fast food. It doesn't fill them up. It makes them overactive and cranky. Pizza and Coca-Cola were rare treats not proper fuel for everyday living. But when we write about food or read about eating habits there's a delicacy about saying these things. We're frightened of offending someone. It is condescending bunk.
I remember when Gillian McKeith had her television series, You Are What You Eat. She repeatedly visited middle-class families who lived on ready meals and couldn't distinguish one vegetable from another. Some didn't know the difference between an apple and an orange.
I accept that people are time poor; that increasing numbers, worn down with the worry of stretching every penny, have difficulty finding the energy to get in from work and start cooking. It's so much easier to buy ready made. We've all done it. We've all (probably) eaten horse.
But. But. Don't we all know by now that we shouldn't do it regularly? Is there anyone left in Britain who hasn't heard about healthy eating, your five-a-day, about a balanced diet, about the need to exercise?
And still the numbers of obese people keep rising.
Encouragement and education isn't working. Perhaps it's time for the stick instead of the carrot. Perhaps it's time for financial penalties and starting with a tax on fizzy drinks seems appropriate since they have no nutritional value.
My only quibble is this: why stop at a 20% tax? That bottle of Coca-Cola I'm looking at would only go up by 38p. I don't think that's a big enough deterrent. The tax should be 40%, 50% or more. Better that rise in tax than an equivalent rise in the numbers of obese people dying prematurely.
We have to get serious about this epidemic and its cost to the health service. They say there are two certainties: death and taxes. Better to pay the tax if it delays the death.


text:
GraphicRiver Back To Space Logo 7900486
Logo Template
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text:
Dale Earnhardt Goodwrench, Dale Jr. Ac Delco Cars & 2 Dale & Dale Jr.Figurines
Sold for:
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- Sold Date:
- Source: eBay
Youare bidding on 2 Revell Collection Diecast Metal Replica Nascars and a a Set of Starting Lineup Winners Circle Dale, Dale Jr. Fully Poseable Figurines.One Car is the Dale Earnhardt Sr. 1998 Goodwrench Plus Monte Carlo. It is one of 7,512 Diecast Replicas and comes with a Certificate of Authenticity. It comes in the Original Box with a Clear Acrylic Display Case The second is the Dale Earnhardt Jr. 1998 AC Delco Monte Carlo. It is one of 3,120 pieces and comes with a Certificate of Authenticity. It comes with the Original Box and a Clear Acrylic Display Case. The Figurines are in the original box and have never been opened. They are 11" tall, moveable and come with Helmets. They are Kenner Nascar 50 th Anniversary issue. Dale Sr. has the Goodwrench Service Uniforn on to match the car. Dale Jr. has the AC Delco Uniform on to match the car. The Cars and their Boxes are in Very Good Condition. The Figurines are in Excellent Condition The Box shows slight wear and dirt from storage. SHIPPING : This item will be shipped via UPS Ground. Please Note: It ships to the United States Only RETURNS Your happiness is very important. If you are not pleased with your purchase a refund will be issued. The buyer pays return shipping. QUESTIONS: Please email any questions ... read more


text:
June 17, 2012 BY Aaron Hope
Since we last saw the Deconstructed Dunk High from Nike Sportswear, they've revealed a similarly built Blazer and Sneaker News showed you the connection to UNDFTD's 2005 No Liner collabo as part of our Classics Revisited series. Now it's time for the Nike Dunk High Deconstruct to take another turn at the plate, only this one swapped out its familiar circles-and-stadium traction pattern for something closer to the Blazer's base. This autoclave-soled Dunk High Decon will spread the black twill love in WMNS sizes, but when you click on the jump below to see more images, you'll get a clear sense for why plenty of guys will want to size up by 1.5 and cop a pair of their own. Photos: atmos
Nike WMNS Dunk High Deconstruct AC
Filed under: Dunk Upcoming Sneakers WMNS


text: I am using the Dunlop HM 200G, but feel it is a little harsh on my arm. So I am looking for a new racquet. Yonex RDX 500 mid and midplus seem promising. Could anyone compare these three racquets? More specifically, could anyone compare the power levels of the dunlop and the RDX 500 mid ?


text:
A couple weeks ago Escondido (Calif.) High's Ricky Seale, a four-star recruit, decided to eliminate colleges from his list that might switch him from running back to defensive back.
Premium Content
Subscribe today to read the full article and get everything Rivals has to offer.
- Member-only message boards
- Exclusive highlights and recruiting interviews
- Exclusive coverage of Rivals Camp Series
- Breaking recruiting news


text:
**This course was formerly known as KIEI-932-0**
Product Management for Technology Companies provides the frameworks, theory, tools and hands-on experience to prepare students to hit the ground running in technology companies. With a holistic and entrepreneurial perspective of product management, we provide insight into the nine major aspects of product management (including opportunity analysis, customer discovery & requirements, product launch & marketing, leading cross-functional teams, product planning and more). This comprehensive approach prepares students for product management and co-founder roles - as well as related roles such as product marketing, product planning & strategy, business development, and similar.
Students will gain hands-on experience via an industry-sponsored project and targeted cases - including several cases developed specifically for this course. The industry project allows students to customize your learning from the course. The projects are real, with executive sponsorship and dedicated resources lined up prior to the start of the first lecture. Alternatively, students may propose your own projects. Sponsors include startups such as kPoint, Shoedazzle.com and Misfit Wearables; as well as leading tech firms such as Amazon, Intel and Salesforce.com.


text:
Hub settles '94 labor dispute with police
Will pay $16.5m in public housing case
By Andrew Ryan Globe Staff / August 24, 2010
Text size – +
The City of Boston will pay $16.5 million to police patrolmen to settle a 16-year-old labor dispute over protective services at public housing. (Full article: 476 words)
This article is available in our archives:
Globe Subscribers
Purchase an electronic copy of the full article. Learn More
- $9.95 1 month archives pass
- $24.95 3 months archives pass
- $74.95 1 year archives pass


text:
Green living can mean a number of different things — from learning how to make homemade solar panels to using organic fertilizer in your yard and garden.
Living green also has to do with conserving water, energy costs and using those commercial cleaners that are full toxic chemicals that could hurt our animals and children.
Yet, we keep using those cleaners.
But maybe the only reason we do this is because we aren't aware of how many natural cleaning solutions we actually have in our home.
Lemons Wipe the Dirt and Grime Away
The acid within a yellow lemon can aid in removing dirt and grime while also removing any rust that may have built up due to the chemicals found within the water or from other issues.
Mix a lemon with a little bit of salt and you have an even better all-natural homemade cleaning solution free of harmful fumes. Plus, once the cleaning is done, your house will smell ten times better!
Turn Cooking Oil Into Your Own Wood Polish
Ever wondered if there was something else that you could use to polish your wood furniture besides that greasy, somewhat expensive wood polish that you normally purchase?
Well, there is.
In fact, you can mix vegetable oil, olive oil, or something similar with juice from a single lemon to create your own wood polish!
Safely use it on your wood furniture inside your home.
Say Bye-Bye to Soap Scum and Tarnish with Vinegar
Vinegar can not only clean up things around the house but can aid in the fight of bacteria such as E. coli and salmonella.
It also reduces the growth of mildew and mold.
Use vinegar to clean your drains by pouring the vinegar in, letting it sit for half an hour and then rinsing the drains.
You can also use it to clean the dishwasher by pouring about half a cup of vinegar into the dishwasher's soap reservoir, and running an empty cycle.
You can even clean your coffee maker by pouring half water, half vinegar into the coffee machine and when the cycle is halfway through, stop it. Let it sit for approximately an hour, then finish the cycle. Once complete, run a few cycles of just water to ensure you clean out all the vinegar; otherwise, you'll have coffee with a hint of vinegar in the morning!
While lemons, cooking oil, and vinegar are not the only green cleaning products you can find under your roof, these are the top three.
Vinegar can clean almost anything apart from marble and wood floors while lemons can clean just about anything in the bathroom and kitchen.
Regardless, with these 3 home essentials, you can have your home spot-free and smelling good within no time without having to use any commercial products that have toxic fumes and chemicals.


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Jacksonville (Fla.) Trinity Christian safety Lynn Griffin made the call on Monday evening having a teleconference with a number of the coaches at his future college to inform them of his intentions to pledge his services to their football program.
"I just committed to Southern Miss," Griffin said. "It just felt right. The campus felt comfortable. I like the program a lot. There is a great family atmosphere. After talking it over with my family and coaches, I just felt like it was a great place to play football and get an education. They came after me pretty hard and been high on me for quite a while. It is a place where I think I can fit in at right away. That was a big plus. I like the way they run their program."
The 5-foot-11, 200-pound prospect said that Southern Miss just stood out amongst his offers and other schools that were showing interest.
Article Continues Below
"I was considering a few other schools but I just felt like at the end of the day Southern Miss was the right place for me," Griffin said. "That is where I felt most comfortable."
Griffin said he was heavily considering Georgia State and Miami-Ohio before opting for the Eagles.
What helped Larry Fedora and his staff secure Griffin's commitment was a visit he took to Hattiesburg earlier this summer. He said it helped him to gain an in-depth understanding of what the school and football program had to offer.
"I visited there earlier this summer," Griffin said. "They just have great academics. They have put a lot of guys in the NFL. It was just a nice experience and I realized I can trust the coaches. It is a great program. I talked to the players there and they love it. I just bonded with them while I was there. They also play good football in a good conference."
When he arrives on campus at the Conference USA program, he will begin his career on the defensive side of the ball.
"I will play safety there, probably strong safety and as a nickelback," Griffin said. "I think that fits me because I like to make contact. I will get to hit people."
Griffin has yet to schedule an official visit to Southern Miss but plans to in the near future. As for other visits, he said they could occur but he has no specific plans at this point.
As a junior, Griffin played at Jacksonville (Fla.) Providence. He has since transferred to Jacksonville (Fla.) Trinity Christian, who are defending state champions.


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ST. LOUIS -- When Alex Auld skates to the crease tonight, he will have a huge gorilla on his back.
The Senators goalie will be looking for his first win in almost two months.
With Brian Elliott getting a breather, Auld will make his first start in 24 days, since a Jan. 6 loss in Buffalo. It was his seventh 'L' in a row, dropping his record to 9-11-5. Auld last sampled the sweet taste of victory Dec. 6, and hasn't won on the road since Oct. 30.
"I'd been feeling pretty good, and wasn't getting results," said Auld, who has a 2.64 GAA and .907 save percentage. "It was one of those things where a couple of bad bounces, things happen ... all of a sudden you're not getting the same results as I was before. The biggest thing is not to look at results. Results matter, but you've got to focus on the process, your technique ... there are so many things out of your control. If you start worrying about that stuff, you start getting into your own head to much."
Auld has been "trying to be a good teammate" and be as prepared as possible, but most of all, trying to stay as prepared as possible.
When he wrested the starter's job from Martin Gerber, he couldn't have been prepared for this.
Staying true to form and refusing to declare a No. 1 goalie, coach Craig Hartsburg made it clear the job is Elliott's to lose.
"We're in the one-day-at-a-time thing here," Hartsburg said. "Brian is a guy we brought in to give us a spark and he's played pretty well for us. We don't want to look too far ahead in this whole thing, No. 1 or whatever. (Elliott's) a guy we want to give an opportunity right now to prove himself. (Tonight) Alex will get an opportunity to contribute. We'll worry about the next day after that."
Asked if he felt the reins were still up for grabs, Auld said it was tough to answer.
"I don't know. I believe if I play well, and keep playing well, I'm going to play games," he said. "Whether it's every game, half the games, quarter of the games, that's not for me to say. I just have to make sure I'm worried about playing well when I'm in net, and force decisions that are difficult for the coaching staff."
Right now, the decision is to start a guy who's having trouble winning in another must-win game.
Starts and stops
Being at the Scottrade Center brought back warm memories for Chris Phillips, the first player selected in the 1996 draft in St. Louis. "I remember it was one of the hottest days of my lifetime," Phillips said. Asked if he thought he was going to be picked by the Senators that day, Phillips replied, "the only thing I was pretty certain of is that if they didn't, San Jose was going to." It'd be hell playing with those struggling Sharks right now, wouldn't it? When the topic of his minus-21 rating (before last night's game) was brought up, it was clear the stat doesn't sit well with the big defenceman. Still, when a reporter pointed out that minus-21 is pretty cold, the Big Rig chuckled. "Not where I come from," said the product of Fort McMurray, Alta. "It's a nice day."
Between periods
Senators equipment man Scott Allegrino knows better than to shove a cap in any goalie's face, especially a goalie that has just been given the hook. That was the dumb mistake made by the member of the Russian team's support staff who felt the wrath of Ray Emery in a KHL game Wednesday. "I'm not saying what (Emery) did was right, but with experience you learn that you have to give a guy some time after he's been pulled, let him relax," Allegrino said when asked about the episode captured on YouTube that shows Emery chasing the hat man down the hall and taking a swing at him. "What I will say is that in my seven years with Rayzor, he was nothing but very polite to me. He treated me with respect. But I guess when he snaps, he snaps."
Things that make you go hmmm...
The locker stall of the always very organized Chris Kelly was a mess when he returned from the morning skate. Rolled-up tape, crumpled newspaper, chewed-up gum, broken hockey pants, brand-new skate laces. Kelly knew the identity of the practical jokers. Chris Neil's game-day ritual is to discard new laces for his own cut-and-tied-together pair. And Antoine Vermette had a guilty look on his face. Kelly vowed revenge. "They'll know when I strike," he said. "It'll be quick. And deadly." ... For the record, Jesse Winchester is no relation to Brad Winchester, the big Blues forward who scored the team's goal last night. "Never even met him," said Ottawa's Winchester.
The bottom lines
No coach enjoys a crowd of reporters more than the Blues' Andy Murray, who in the middle of yesterday's morning scrum looked up to see his audience expanding (by numbers). "Holy smokes, we must be playing a Canadian team," exclaimed Murray. Among his gems: "We work hard, we just haven't had a lot of saves," and, "Manny (Legace) is 100% (healthy), he's our No. 1 (goalie), but Chris Mason is our No. 1 guy tonight," and, "Our guys play a physical game of golf," regarding the season-ending knee injury suffered by first overall pick Erik Johnson, who reportedly got his foot caught between the brake and accelerator of a golf cart in September, and, about rookie T.J. Oshie, "you know who he reminds me of? Adam Deadmarsh. Hard-nosed kid, he can shoot it, he's a right-handed shot and he plays with a little bit of an edge. I wouldn't say he's as tough as Deader was, but he reminds me of Adam, and I coached Adam, so that's high compliment from me. He reminds me of Deadmarsh the way he dislikes off-ice training, too, but we hope to change that," and, about leading scorer Brad Boyes and his minus-22 rating, "Brad has dynamic hands, but he's got to remember to play the game with his legs, too. When players start playing the game with their hands, they get themselves in trouble. Defence is usually with your legs. You can't have your leading scorer minus-22. That's why we're 15th in the league. We have to have more players on the plus side of the ledger," and, about Alex Steen, "(his father) Thomas and I are good friends. I coached Thomas. If Alex starts playing like his father, we'll have a real good one."


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|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|23 May 1978
|Fecha de presentación
|22 Nov 1976
|Fecha de prioridad
|22 Nov 1976
|También publicado como
|Número de publicación
|Stephen Dubin
|Cesionario original
|Research Corporation
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citas de patentes (5), Otras citas (2), Citada por (10), Clasificaciones (14)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
This invention relates to an improved anticoagulant composition for use with mammalian whole blood.
Hematological tests in human and veterinary medicine are employed for a host of diagnostic aids, and numerous blood anticoagulant mixtures have been widely employed to permit testing and measurement of whole blood properties without clotting. Citrate anticoagulants, the material of choice for blood banks and transfusion purposes, have never gained acceptance for hematological testing purposes. Oxalates are still used for hematological purposes but must be used rapidly and in fairly large quantities in order to avoid drastic influences on cellular morphology and distortion of hematocrit values. The coumadins, of great value as in vivo anticoagulants, are not suitable for in vitro applications due to the anticoagulating mechanism characteristic of these compounds. Heparin, although relatively expensive and unstable, is useful in blood gas analyses and ion concentration measurement due to its nonionic structure. However, although to a lesser extent than the oxalates, heparin also adversely affects the morphology and in particular the staining properties of white blood cells.
EDTA (ethylenediaminetetracetate) has today become the anticoagulant of choice for most routine hematology procedures. While the literature and product specifications are often unclear in using the designation EDTA as a generic term for the free acid and its various simple or complex (mixed) salts, normally with an alkali metal or a divalent alkaline earth metal cation, the potassium and sodium salts Na2 EDTA and K3 EDTA are at present most widely employed in this country.
For purposes of collecting blood samples to be used in hematological testing, anticoagulants are often predispensed in evacuated collection tubes designed to draw a specified volume of a whole blood sample. In practice, the use of such tubes does not always entail collecting a full sample because of premature withdrawal, weakened vacuum or a number of other practical problems. Since very small quantities of blood are required for most hematology procedures, the sample will normally be adequate in terms of required volume and sent to the laboratory for testing anyway. The net effect of such occurrences results in a sample containing an excess concentration of anticoagulant over that which would be obtained by collecting a "full draft" sample. As shown in more detail hereinafter, variations in concentration of anticoagulants now employed can distort hematological test results. While perhaps not significant for many purposes, the distortion in lowering hematocrit values can be a serious matter for a patient or animal suffering dehydration, serious burns or the like and/or being prepared for treatment with an artificial kidney machine.
Hematocrit values are one of the most commonly employed hematological determinations. While the classic method for determining hematocrit has involved simple centrifugation of blood to which an anticoagulant has been added, electronic cell counters such as the Coulter Counter Model S have recently been employed. In the operation of this electronic cell counter, the blood is diluted 1:62,500 and a measured volume is drawn through an orifice while the electrical conductivity is measured between the two sides of the orifice. Cells have a lower conductivity than the diluting fluid. As they pass through the orifice, a change in conductivity occurs. The magnitude of the change is quantitatively related to the volume of the cells so that the MCV* can be determined. The packed cell volume (PCV) or hematocrit is then calculated as (MCV × RBC count)/10. While generally satisfactory, it has been found that discrepancies between centrifugally determined hematocrit values can be masked by such electronic cell counters. Since the presently employed EDTA salts act to lower hematocrit values this masking presents a real danger to a limited number of patients. Accordingly, there is a need for a blood anticoagulant composition which does not suffer the above mentioned deficiencies of prior art compositions.
Accordingly, it is a general object of the present invention to provide an improved anticoagulant composition and process for the preservation of whole blood.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an anticoagulant composition which exhibits substantially linear and reliable correlation between hematocrit values determined by electronic methods with those determined by centrifugation.
A further object of this invention is to provide an anticoagulant composition which has a minimal influence on hematocrit values over a wide range of concentration.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an anticoagulant composition using chemicals whose lack of toxicity is well established, and which is easily adapted for use with the blood from different mammalian species.
Other objects of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains by studying the present specification and claims.
Briefly, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are attained in one aspect thereof by providing an osmotically balanced anticoagulant for in vitro use with whole mammalian blood, which comprises an anticoagulantingly effective amount of a balanced EDTA salt composition consisting essentially of (a) H4 EDTA and (b) a salt which lowers hematocrit values, the molar ratio of (a) : (b) being such that the hematocrit values of the blood sample are substantially identical to those of fresh or heparinized blood and substantially independent of the concentrations of (a) and (b).
In accordance with the present invention, it has now been found that H4 EDTA raises hematocrit values and accordingly can be used to offset the lowering of hematocrit values caused by other anticoagulant salts. The increase in hematocrit or packed cell volume which has now been noted with the addition of H4 EDTA is quite unexpected. While not wishing to be bound by any theory of the invention, the Donnan theory of membrane equilibrium may be applied to explain the results. This requires that the relationship: ##EQU1## be true and the assumption that the only cation present which can diffuse through the RBC membrane is H+. When H+ dissociates from H4 EDTA in the plasma, the ratio (H+) plasma/(H+) cells increases. The ratio (HCO3 -) cells/(HCO3 -) plasma increases because more buffering base is available inside the cells. The Cl- of the plasma tends to pass into the cells in exchange for HCO3 - until the ratios are once again equalized at a new level. Since the ratio is a higher one, the number of osmotically active particles in the cells must now be higher than in the plasma. To equalize the osmotic pressure of the cells and plasma, water enters the cells and the RBC volume increases.
If, in fact, the changes in the PCV are osmotic, a mixture of two materials having equal and opposite osmotic effects should mitigate the variation. For example, 1 mg of H4 EDTA and 8 mg of Na2 EDTA have such effects and are adequate for prevention of clotting of 5 ml of blood. Such a mixture has been found to have minimal effects on the PCV of canine blood and to be substantially insensitive to concentration over a wide range.
The response of RBC volume to changes in osmotic pressure and the concentration of certain cations is well documented. In a previous study in our laboratories, the change in PCV in the presence of univalent cations such as Na+, K+, and Li+ as a function of concentration was measured in multiples (1-10x) of the amounts computed to be dissociated from the recommended amounts of anticoagulant salts. In comparing these results to the effects of the anticoagulant salts, several complicating factors must be considered: (1) the removal from osmotic activity of Ca++ and Mg++ ions found in the plasma; (2) the osmotic activity of the EDTA moiety itself, (3) the dissociation constants of the anticoagulant salts; and (4) the difference in response of RBC to ionized and non-ionized species. Considering the complexity of the chemical processes involved, it is appropriate to consider the data developed as an empirical description rather than an exact quantitative expression. They are, nonetheless, consistent with the notion that the effects of the Na+ and K+ salts of EDTA on the PCV are primarily osmotic in nature.
The osmotically balanced anticoagulant compositions of the present invention are based on the surprising discovery that H4 EDTA raises hematocrit values and on using this property to affect the lowering of hematocrit values by other salts in the composition. The raising of hematocrit values by H4 EDTA is not believed to have been previously reported by others, and is a quite unusual property which is believed shared only by ammonium oxalate. Thus, the presence of H4 EDTA is essential to the operability of the present invention.
In determining the first approximation of the ratio of H4 EDTA to be used with a given salt for a particular mammalian blood species, the following technique can be employed and the resultant ratio modified if desired by simple trial and error to give hematocrit values identical to those of fresh or heparanized blood. H4 EDTA and the appropriate salt, e.g. K3 EDTA, Na2 EDTA, etc. are added separately to blood samples in the usual porportions, e.g. of 1, 2, 5 or 10 mg/ml. Hematocrit values are determined by centrifugation and plotted graphically as a percent of control hematocrit value versus concentration. The relative effects are compared and, for the linear portion of the graph, the ratio of H4 EDTA effect to the salt effect on hematocrit (each as a percentage difference from the control, valued at one hundred percent) is calculated to give a constant, K. For example, if a concentration of 1 mg/ml:
Heparin hematocrit = 100%
H4 edta hematocrit = 108% (+8%)
K3 edta hematocrit = 97% (-3%),
Ratio = 8/3 = 2.67 = K
With X being the concentration of H4 EDTA, Y being the concentration of the salt and Z being the total anticoagulant concentration desired, then X + Y = Z and Y = KX. Therefore,
x (1 + k) = z
similarly, Y = Z - Y; and therefore Y = Z - Z/(1 + K)
Applying the formula to the above example to extrapolate for a total desired concentration of 2 mg/ml:
X = (Z/1 + K) = 2/3.67 = 0.54 mg/ml H.sub.4 EDTA
y = z - (z/1 + k) = 2 - (2/1 + 2.67) = 1.46 mg/ml K.sub.3 EDTA
for a weight ratio of K3 EDTA: H4 EDTA of about 3:1. This ratio is substantially constant over commonly employed concentration ranges and can accordingly be used for different concentrations. If the hematocrit value of the mixture is too low as compared to the control, additional H4 EDTA and/or less salt can be employed and the first approximation ratio recalculated accordingly. If too high, less H4 EDTA and/or more salt can be similarly employed.
Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art can, using the preceding description, utilize the present invention to its fullest extent. The following preferred specific embodiments are, therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever. In the following Examples, the temperatures are set forth uncorrected in degrees Celsius; unless otherwise indicated, all parts and percentages are by weight.
Rabbit blood was obtained by cardiac puncture under general anesthesia. All other blood samples were obtained by percutaneous venipuncture without anesthesia either into heparinized syringes (10 units/ml) or directly into commercially available "Vacutainer" blood collection tubes. Canine and feline samples were drawn from the jugular vein and human samples from the antecubital vein. All subjects appeared in good health. Packed cell volume determinations in our laboratory were performed in duplicate using a standard centrifuge. Hemoglobin (Hb) was determined colorimetrically by the cyanmethemoglobin method. Estimation of plasma protein (PP) was by index of refraction using a Goldberg refractometer. Plasma for protein determinations was obtained by breaking the capillary tubes used for the PCV determinations and expelling the plasma into the chamber of the refractometer. Samples submitted to a commercial laboratory were analyzed using a Coulter Counter Model S.
Many types of blood collecting tubes containing anticoagulants are commercially available. Some are characterized in Table 1 along with our own formulation; two (3204 QS and 3404 XF435) were supplied to us by the commercial laboratory at different times. In experiments I and II, no heparin was added to the blood. In experiments III--V, blood was drawn in heparinized blood syringes and the PCV of the heparinized blood was taken as the control value. Thus, PCV values are reported as percent of control and refer to the heparinized samples as 100% in order to facilitate comparison of results using samples from various subjects on different occasions. Likewise, in experiments where varying amounts of blood were added to commercially available tubes or where such tubes were prepared in our laboratory, the concentration of anticoagulant is indicated in terms of percent of full draft where 100% represents the full amount of blood intended for that tube. The numerical value of concentration or volume of blood can be deduced from Table 1; in this way different tubes or formulations may be more easily compared.
Experiment I: A full draft of blood was taken in two types of anticoagulant tubes (3204 QS and 3204 XF435) from 6 dogs, and PCV, Hb and PP were determined in our laboratory immediately and after 4 hr. "incubation" at room temperature.
Experiment II: The same sampling procedure was followed for 5 dogs, and the samples were submitted to the commercial laboratory. PCV, Hb, and RBC count were reported using the electronic counter.
Experiment III: Using the same two types of tubes (3204 QS and 3204 XF435), heparinized blood was added in amounts varying from 10% to 100% of full draft of the tubes. Blood from 5 dogs was used at all concentrations and the PCV's measured in our laboratory, were computed as percent of control with reference to heparinized blood of the same dog; the results were averaged for each concentration.
Experiment IV: A mixture (Formula 3) was prepared in powder form containing H4 EDTA and Na2 EDTA in amounts calculated to be equal and opposite in osmotic effect on the canine RBC and which should have sufficient EDTA activity to provide anticoagulation for 5 ml. of blood (1 mg H4 EDTA and 8 mg Na2 EDTA). Multiples of this amount (1x to 10x) were added to 5 ml. samples of heparinized canine blood in order to simulate the addition of decreasing amounts of blood to coagulant analogous to experiment III. Samples from 5 dogs were used at all concentrations and the results were treated as in experiment III.
Experiment V: On various occasions, heparinized samples of canine blood were added to several types of tubes to full draft. Single samples of human, feline and rabbit blood were treated similarly. The PCV was determined in our laboratory and reported as percent of control with reference to the original heparinized sample of the same blood.
The results of experiments I and II are shown in Table 2. The samples measured in our laboratory had PCV and PP values 10% higher when collected in 3204 XF435 tubes than in 3204 QS tubes (P < .001 for both). Heomglobin measurements were not significantly affected by choice of tubes (P > 0.4). With incubation of 4 hr. Hb values increased in both tube types (P < .001); but the PCV remained essentially unchanged (P > 0.4).
Table 2 also shows the results obtained when comparable blood samples were analyzed at the commercial laboratory (using the electronic counter). There was no significant difference in any of the hematologic values referable to the choice of tube and anticoagulant.
The results of experiments III and IV can be seen in Table 5. As may be seen, with increasing concentration of K3 EDTA (tube type 3204 QS) the PCV decreased in a manner which might have been anticipated (2--2). With increasing concentrations of H4 EDTA (tube type 3204 XF435), PCV increased monotonically. With the balanced anticoagulant mixture (Formula 3), the PCV was independent of anticoagulant concentration over a wide range.
Table 1 lists the effect of various anticoagulant and concentrations on the PCV with full draft of canine blood. Table 3 shows similar date for other species.
The osmotically balanced anticoagulant mixture of the present invention was additionally compared with widely employed K3 EDTA for possible effects on other routine hematology tests including red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin values. The lack of any significant variation in the results obtained is apparent from the test results shown in Table 4.
TABLE 1__________________________________________________________________________Effect of different types of collection tubes containing different anti-coagulants on PCV of canine blood Amount No. Mean PCV asTube type Anticoagulant Per Tube Draft Samples % of control__________________________________________________________________________3272 QS K.sub.3 EDTA 7.5 mg 2 ml 6 93.5 (.05 ml of 15%)3204 QS K.sub.3 EDTA 9 mg 7 ml 30 98.0 (.06 ml of 15%)3206 XF220 K.sub.3 EDTA 4 mg 3 ml 6 93.6 (.04 ml of 10%)3204 Q Na.sub.2 EDTA 9 mg 9 ml 6 98.23204 XF435 H.sub.4 EDTA 7 mg 5 ml 30 104.33204 NAX Na Oxalate 67 mg 5 ml 6 90.1 (0.5 ml of 0.1 M)Formula 3 H.sub.4 EDTA 1 mg 5 ml 12 99.6 Na.sub.2 EDTA 8 mgControl Heparin 10u/ml 100__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 2__________________________________________________________________________Comparison of two types of collection tubes containing different anti-coagulants on canine blood values Plasma RBCNo. Hemoglobin PCV Protein (× 10.sup.6)Tube type samples Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD__________________________________________________________________________Tested Immediately3204 QS 6 15.56 1.33 47.2 3.16 7.00 0.55 N/D.sup.a N/D3024 XF435 6 15.46 1.04 52.3 4.46 7.75 0.63 N/D N/DTested After 4 Hour Incubation3204 QS 6 16.25 1.09 47.2 2.74 6.97 0.52 N/D N/D3204 XF435 6 16.15 1.23 51.8 3.80 7.90 0.70 N/D N/DTested in Commercial Laboratory3204 QS 5 15.16 1.58 41.0 5.00 N/D N/D 6.00 0.643204 XF435 5 15.30 1.60 41.2 3.00 N/D N/D 6.00 0.78__________________________________________________________________________ .sup.a N/D = not done
TABLE 3______________________________________Effect of various tubes containing different anticoagulantson PCV of human, rabbit and feline blood Human PCV Rabbit PCV Feline PCVTube type (% of control) (% of control) (% of control)______________________________________Control 48.0 (100%) 35.0 (100%) 30.5 (100%)(Heparin)3204 Q Not Done 33.5 (95.7%) 29.5 (96.7%)3204 NAX 43.0 (89.6%) 31.0 (88.6%) 27.5 (90.2%)3204 XF435 52.0 (108.3%) 39.0 (111.4%) 35.0 (114.7%)3204 QS 47.0 (97.9%) 34.0 (97.2%) 30.0 (98.4%)3272 QS 46.5 (96.9%) 32.0 (91.4%) 29.0 (95.1%)______________________________________
TABLE 4__________________________________________________________________________Tube RBC × 10.sup.6 WBC × 10.sup.3 HCT % HB Gms%Type Mean S.D. Mean S.D. Mean S.D. Mean S.D.__________________________________________________________________________K.sub.3 EDTA 6.51 0.65 10.94 3.31 46.5 5.1 16.22 2.14Formula 3 6.39 0.58 11.01 3.11 46.9 5.5 16.38 2.03t .09942 0.3371 0.7513 1.2027p > 0.3 > 0.7 > 0.4 > 0.25__________________________________________________________________________HEMATOLOGIC PARAMETERS OF CANINE BLOOD(n = 10 Samples)__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 5______________________________________K.sub.3 EDTA conc., mg/ml 1.3 1.8 2.98 9.2 18.4HCT, % of control 97.6 95.4 93.3 83.0 80.0H.sub.4 EDTA conc., mg/ml. 1.40 2.33 3.50 7.0 14.0HCT, % of control 106.9 112.4 113.9 117.8 121.5______________________________________
While exemplified principally with reference to canine blood, it will be apparent that the anticoagulant mixture of the present invention is suitable for use with any blood containing osmotically sensitive erythrocytes such as that of humans; laboratory animals, e.g. rabbits, mice, rats, monkeys, hamsters, cats, etc.; and as veterinary animals, e.g. cattle, horses, pigs, sheep, goats, etc. Substances which do not deleteriously effect the osmotic balance may if desired also be included, such as is conventional in blood chemistry, e.g. sorbic acid, sodium azide or other preservatives, etc.
The preceding examples can be repeated with similar success by substituting the generically or specifically described components and/or operating conditions of this invention for those used in the preceding examples.
From the foregoing description, one skilled in the art can easily ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention and, without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions.
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|Clasificación cooperativa
|Clasificación europea


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Gucci Encore-Following an appearance earlier this month, actor Brad Pitt hit the red carpet once more in an ensemble from Italian label Gucci. Joining Angelina Jolie for the world premiere of her latest movie, Maleficent at the El Captitan Theatre in Hollywood, California, Pitt wore head to toe black, sporting a relaxed Gucci suit. Meanwhile, Jolie shined in a dress from Versace.
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Maestro James Brooks-Bruzzese, Artistic Director
Rose Miniaci, Maestro's Chair
Enrich the cultural environment of South Florida and the Americas
by presenting diverse orchestral music and international ensembles on an intimate scale for public, outreach, and student educational presentations, taking a leadership role in fostering cultural relations with the Americas.
The American Baroque of Florida, founded in l987, was a choral organization performing Baroque chamber repertoire. Expansion in 1991 brought appointment of James Brooks-Bruzzese as Musical Director, the addition of an orchestral four-concert vocal/instrumental concert series, and a changed organizational name: Sinfonia Virtuosi and Chorus of Florida. 1991-93 included the Sinfonia's official gala opening of the Amaturo Theater, our performance home at the Broward Center for the Performing Arts. The inaugural summer of the music festival, Summerfest (co-sponsored by the BCPA) and a Latin American tour. The documentary, Seasons of Change, featuring the Maestro and Hungarian Virtuosi, was filmed in Budapest and premiered by PBS. The support group, Exito, was formed to secure financial support for the Symphony from the south Florida Hispanic community.
1993-94 saw the addition of a fifth concert to the subscription series. The educational program expanded to include a residency of young, international Russian competition winners performing public and educational concerts. Symphony musicians were joined by members of the Budapest Chamber Orchestra for Summerfest. A relationship with Ballet Florida brought joint Palm Beach County presentations and shared office space in Broward.
1995-96 brought a name change to Symphony of the Americas to reflect more accurately the mission of enriching the cultural environment of south Florida and the Americas by presenting diverse orchestral music and international ensembles on an intimate scale. The Symphony became the first south Florida arts group to publish bi-lingual program notes. Education expansion included string instructional programs for at-risk youth & programs for over 6,000 students. The Symphony was chosen for a continuing association with the Kennedy Center in an educational collaboration for the ongoing planning of participatory workshops for teachers in the integration of the arts across a non-arts curriculum Two new CD's of Summerfest were released. The Symphony was featured in a one-hour PBS nationwide documentary with the int'l Murray Dranoff Two-Piano Competition.
1996-97 brought the addition of Jazzy Classics - full orchestral educational program for 5,000 children that combined the orchestra with the Caruso Jazz Trio to integrate the elements of classical music and jazz. SOA musicians were joined by the internationally known Cappella Istropolitana orchestra, known to millions by their more than 100 Naxos recordings, for Summerfest concerts in five Florida counties plus Latin America. 1997-99 brought a partnership with Palm Beach Symphony for Palm Beach concerts. Each int'l guest artist appearing with the Symphony of the Americas presented workshops/perf. to 6,000+ students. Education program featured side-by-side performances w/youth orchestra & Symphony in a composition by Broward students with guidance of David Heckendorn, composer/arranger for Mr. Holland's Opus, focusing on Everglades & environment combining musical themes & photos by noted Everglades photographer Clyde Butcher.
1999-2001 Five new orchestral educational programs added, including Peanut Butter'N JamBoree and Character Education Through the Sound of Music. The Symphony partnered with the Concert Assoc. of Florida to produce performances by American Ballet Theater. Summerfest included Kennedy Center & U.S. State Department performances. Yamaha named Symphony's official piano.
2001-2003 Additional venues were added in Boca Raton, Miami, Coral Springs, Boca Raton for repeat performances of Guest Artist Series. SOA establishes internship/course credit relationships for students of Miami Dade College, FAU, and the conservatory at Lynn University. Members of the Symphony performed at Teatro Colon in Buenos Aires together with members of Mendelssohn Chamber Orchestra as a part of Summerfest.
2004 – 2005 Two new support structures formed: the Virtuosi Society – upper level membership incl. concert subscription, fund-raising event of choice, and members' picture printed in season program guide. Symphony of the Americas Society (formed by leading women in community and many board members of former Philharmonic) raises $ 75,000 in inaugural year. Summerfests feature Czech Moravian Virtuosi & Arpeggione Chamber Orchestra. Latin American outreach performances include a 2005 humanitarian tour of Haiti partnering with Rotary Int'l and Int'l Sister Cities. Additional partnership with Broward Center for Perf. Arts brings Brazilian connection with concerts at BCPA (Jobim Sinfonico) and 3 cities of Brazil throughout 2004 – 2005 season.
2005 – 2007 Maestro Brooks-Bruzzese was the Arts honoree at the prestigious National Hispanic Heritage Awards - aired on nat'l television from the Kennedy Center in October 2005, and conducted a joint performance with musicians of the Symphony of the Americas and the National Symphony at the Kennedy Center in conjunction with the Awards.
Two major gifts to the Endowment were announced: A Legacy Challenge Gift of $ 1 million from Stephen A. Keller to establish the Legacy Fund, and the Stephen A. Keller Guets Artist Series, and a matching gift from Rose Miniaci of $ 1 million to establish the Rose Miniaci Maestro's Chair. An additional gift of $100,000 was given by Stephen Keller for stabilization and operations. In honor of the Symphony's 20th Anniversary Season, a gift of $150,000 was announced from the Michael & Madelyn Savarick Foundation.
An additional concert was added to the Guest Artist Series, and a continuing relationship established with the Community for Performing Arts in Boca Raton for repeat performances of the Symphony's Series.


text:
|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|16 Ago 1988
|Fecha de presentación
|25 Ago 1987
|Fecha de prioridad
|25 Ago 1987
|Número de publicación
|Michael J. Kapp
|Cesionario original
|Kapp Michael J
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citas de patentes (7), Citada por (25), Clasificaciones (5), Eventos legales (6)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to tracheal tubes, and more particularly pertains to a new and improved filter for various types of tracheal tubes. The filter of the present invention is primarily intended for use with tracheostomy and laryngectomy tubes. A tracheostomy is generally performed on patients with an obstructed airway. While this procedure successfully provides an unobstructed airway for the patient, there are disadvantages associated with a tracheostomy. The new airway created by a tracheostomy bypasses the patient's nasal passages and the upper esophagus. The hairs and mucous of the nasal passages constitute a natural filtration system. Also, the mucous and cilia of the walls of the upper esophagus act to remove impurities from the air. Thus, as a result of a tracheostomy, the patient is deprived of the body's natural air filtration system. The present invention is directed to overcoming the aforementioned disadvantages of tracheostomy operations by providing an air filter for tracheostomy tubes. While primarily intended for use by patients with tracheostomy tubes, the filter of the present invention may also be used with endotracheal of larygectomy tubes.
A further disadvantage of tracheostomy operations on patients with permanently obstructed airways is that an unsightly tracheostomy tube is displayed on the patient's throat. Currently, many patients endeavor to hide the tube by wearing a scarf around their neck. This provides a partial obstruction of the patients airway. The present invention is directed toward the solution of this problem by providing an ornamented end cap for a tracheostomy tube which is worn as a jewelry item.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Various types of tracheal tubes are known in the prior art. A typical example of such a tracheal tube is to be found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,640,282, which issued to J. Kamen et al on Feb. 8, 1972. This patent discloses a resilient cuff for effecting an air seal between a tracheal tube and the patient's treachea. This sealing arrangement may be utilized with both endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes. U.S. Pat. No. 3,659,611, which issued to D. Miller on May 2, 1972, discloses a tracheal tube provided with sealing flanges for effecting an air seal between the tube and the trachea. These flanges are formed from a thin silicon rubber material. U.S. Pat. No. 4,155,365, which issued to R. Boslau on May 22, 1979, discloses an endotracheal tube having an expandable bladder for sealing the esophagus against air loss. U.S. Pat. No. 4,315,505, which issued to N. Crandall et al on Feb. 16, 1982, discloses a tracheostomy tube which has an outer cannula and a removable, disposable inner cannula. The inner cannula is provided with an air seal for preventing air flow between the inner cannula and the outer cannula. A coupling arrangement is provided to secure the inner cannula within the outer cannula. U.S. Pat. No. 4,526,196, which issued to J. Pistillo on July 2, 1985, discloses a pressure measuring and regulating device for use with a pressurized sealing cuff of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube. A microporous membrane filter is provided.
While the above mentioned devices are suited for their intended usage, none of these devices discloses an easily changeable filter for a tracheal tube. Further, none of these devices discloses an ornamental end cap in combination with a tracheal tube filter. Inasmuch as the art is relatively crowded with respect to these various types of tracheal tubes, it can be appreciated that there is a continuing need for and interest in improvements to such tracheal tubes, and in this respect, the present invention addresses this need and interest.
In view of the foregoing disadvantages inherent in the known types of tracheal tubes now present in the prior art, the present invention provides an improved tracheal tube. As such, the general purpose of the present invention, which will be described subsequently in greater detail, is to provide a new and improved tracheal tube which has all the advantages of the prior art tracheal tubes and none of the disadvantages.
To attain this, representative embodiments of the concepts of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings and make use of a tubular filter holder adapted to be inserted into an outer end portion of a tracheal tube. Replaceable filter elements which are treated with a germicidal agent may be removably received in the tubular filter holder. The present invention further provides an ornamental end cap for the tubular filter holder, which is worn as a jewelry item. A removable screen is retained in the end cap.
There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description thereof that follows may be better understood, and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are, of course, additional features of the invention that will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto. In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Further, the purpose of the foregoing abstract is to enable the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally, and especially the scientists, engineers and practitioners in the art who are not familiar with patent of legal terms or phraseology, to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and essence of the technical disclosure of the application. The abstract is neither intended to define the invention of the application, which is measured by the claims, nor is it intended to be limiting as to the scope of the invention in any way.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved tracheal tube filter which has all the advantages of the prior art tracheal tubes and none of the disadvantages.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a new and improved tracheal tube filter which may be easily and efficiently manufactured and marketed.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a new and improved tracheal tube filter which is of a durable and reliable construction.
An even further object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved tracheal tube filter which is susceptible of a low cost of manufacture with regard to both materials and labor, and which accordingly is then susceptible of low prices of sale to the consuming public, thereby making such tracheal tubes economically available to the buying public.
Still yet another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved tracheal tube filter which provides in the apparatuses and methods of the prior art some of the advantages thereof, while simultaneously overcoming some of the disadvantages normally associated therewith.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved tracheal tube filter which is disposable or which provides easily changeable, disposable filter elements.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved tracheal tube filter which provides an ornamental end cap.
Even still another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved tracheal tube filter having an ornamental end cap with a replaceable screen.
These together with other objects of the invention, along with the various features of novelty which characterize the invention, are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and the specific objects attained by its uses, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there is illustrated preferred embodiments of the invention.
The invention will be better understood and objects other than those set forth above will become apparent when consideration is given to the following detailed description thereof. Such description makes reference to the annexed drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a front view of tracheal tube filter end cap of a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of a first embodiment of a traacheal tube filter of the present invention, taken along lines 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of a second embodiment of a tracheal tube filter of the present invention.
With reference now to the drawings, and in particular to FIG. 1 thereof, a new and improved tracheal tube filter embodying the principles and concept of the present invention and generally designated by the reference numeral 10 will be described.
More specifically, it will be noted that the first embodiment 10 of the invention includes an end cap 12 having a central aperture across which is mounted a screen 14. The end cap 12 may be formed of autoclavable plastic, stainless steel, silver or other precious metals. The screen 14 is preferably a microporous membrane formed from a resilient material. A chain loop 16 is formed on end cap 12, and a chain 18 is disposed therethrough. The chain 18 is adapted to be worn around the neck of an individual, and serves as ornamentation and as a safety chain for the retention of end cap 12. The end cap 12 may be provided with ornamentation such as the wearer's initials or engraving 20. It is also contemplated that a design, such as a cameo, may be provided on the screen 14. Then, straps may be substituted for the chain 18, and the tracheal tube filter 10 will resemble a cameo when worn by a female. Other ornamental designs may be substituted for those described above; the concept of the present invention is to provide an ornamental end cap.
With reference now to FIG. 2, the construction of the tracheal tube filter 10 will be described. A tubular filter holder 22 having a fibrous filter 24 disposed therein is inserted into an outer end portion of a tracheal tube 26. The tubular filter holder 22 has an integrally formed lip 28. The lip 28 forms a circular annular recess which is received over the outer end portion of the tracheal tube 26. Threads 30 are formed on an outer cylindrical surface of the lip 28. The end cap 12 has a circular recess provided with cooperating threads for engagement with the threads 30 of the lip 28. The end cap 12 has a circular undercut recess 34 for the reception of the screen 14. The tubular filter holder 22 may be constructed of plastic, stainless steel or the like, but is preferably constructed of a plastic material having some resiliency. This resiliency enables the lip 28 to be retained by frictional engagement over the outer end portion of the tracheal tube 26. The screen 14 has a sufficient resiliency to enable insertion into recess 34. The end cap 12 is preferably constructed of an ornamented precious metal, such as silver. The tubular filter holder 22 along with fibrous filter 24 constitutes a disposable filter unit. Screen 14 may be designed as a disposable element, or may be removed and cleaned.
With reference now to FIG. 3, a second embodiment of a tracheal tube filter according to the present invention will be described. A tubular filter holder 22' having a circular retaining flange 36 is disposed within an outer end portion of a tracheal tube 26'. The tracheal tube 26' is of the type having a cylindrical outer surface provided with threads 38. The tubular filter holder has an integrally formed lip 28' forming an annular recess provided with threads 30' on the inner wall of the recess for cooperative engagement with the threads 38 of the tracheal tube 26'. A disposable fibrous filter 24', which may be treated with a conventional germicidal agent which is effective in reducing nosocomical infections, is removably received within the tubular filter holder 22'. An end cap 12' is formed integrally with the tubular filter holder 22' and lip 28'. A screen 14' having a circular peripheral edge is removably retained in a circular undercut recess 34' in the end cap 12'. In this embodiment, it is contemplated that end cap 12', lip 28' and tubular filter holder 22' will be formed of stainless steel or a precious metal such as silver. Ornamentation such as that shown in FIG. 1 may be provided along with an ornamental chain or strap. In this embodiment, a safety retaining chain or strap is not essential because of the threaded engagement of the end cap 12' with the tracheal tube 26'. In use, the disposable filter element 24' is removed after removal of the screen 14'. After inserting a new filter, the screen 14' is either cleaned and replaced, or a new screen installed.
With respect to the above description then, it is to be realized that the optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the invention, to include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent and obvious to one skilled in the art, and all equivalent relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.
Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.
|Patente citada
|Fecha de presentación
|Fecha de publicación
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|Brehm William F
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|4 Nov 1980
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|Respiratory control
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|Patente citante
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|Clasificación de EE.UU.
|128/205.29, 128/207.14
|Clasificación internacional
|Clasificación cooperativa
|Clasificación europea
|17 Mar 1992
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|14 Ago 1992
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|14 Ago 1992
|Surcharge for late payment
|26 Mar 1996
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|18 Ago 1996
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|29 Oct 1996
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19960821


text:
NVIDIA's plans for Tegra and Tesla
Subject: General Tech | April 24, 2013 - 01:38 PM | Jeremy Hellstrom
Tagged: Steve Scott, nvidia, HPC, tesla, logan, tegra
The Register had a chance to sit down with Steve Scott, once CTO of Cray and now CTO of NVIDIA's Tesla projects to discuss the future of their add-in cards as well as that of x86 in the server room. They discussed Tegra and why it is not receiving the same amount of attention at NVIDIA as Tegra is, as well as some of the fundamental differences in the chips both currently and going forward. NVIDIA plans to unite GPU and CPU onto both families of chips, likely with a custom interface as opposed to placing them on the same die, though both will continue to be designed for very different functions. A lot of the article focuses on Tegra, its memory bandwidth and most importantly its networking capabilities as it seems NVIDIA is focused on the server room and providing hundreds or thousands of interconnected Tegra processors to compete directly with x86 offerings. Read on for the full interview.
"Jen-Hsun Huang, co-founder and CEO of Nvidia has been perfectly honest about the fact that the graphics chip maker didn't intend to get into the supercomputing business. Rather, it was founded by a bunch of gamers who wanted better graphics cards to play 3D games. Fast forward two decades, though, and the Nvidia Tesla GPU coprocessor and the CUDA programming environment have taken the supercomputer world by storm."
Here is some more Tech News from around the web:
- AMD pins future growth to embedded marketplace @ The Register
- AMD announces new embedded G-series SoC @ DigiTimes
- TSMC captures almost 50 percent of foundry market thanks to 28nm demand @ The Inquirer
- $45 BeagleBone Black Keeps Eyes on the Pi's @ Linux.com
- BlackBerry OS 10.1 leaks its secret goo over all the web @ The Register
- Samsung MV900F Wi-Fi 16.3MP Digital Camera Review @ ModSynergy
- i'm Watch: A Smartwatch Review @ TechwareLabs
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text: My name is Shane and I am new to smoking! Right now I am making due with my gas grill but will be getting weber smokey mountain smoker in a couple weeks (my birthday is May 15th) I got into smoking because I want a good brisket and out here in California it's hard to come by! We do have tons of great tri-tip!


text:
NFL: Baltimore Ravens power up during Super Bowl win against San Francisco 49ers
BALTIMORE RAVENS survived a power cut then a surge by San Francisco 49ers to win the Super Bowl 34-31 in New Orleans.
The Ravens were 28-6 ahead through three touchdown passes from quarterback Joe Flacco and a record 108-yard kick-off return by Jacoby Jones when the lights went out in part of the Superdome.
The 34-minute delay allowed the 49ers to regroup and they hit back with three touchdowns of their own. But a Justin Tucker field goal and desperate defence saw Ravens coach John Harbaugh lift the Vince Lombardi Trophy instead of brother Jim, the 49ers head coach.
It's never pretty, but it's what we do
John said: "It's never pretty, but it's what we do."
Linebacker Ray Lewis, who brought the curtain down on a 17-year career, said: "There's no greater way to ride into the sunset."


text:
Herron Audio M150 monoblock power amplifier Measurements
Before I measure a power amplifier, I precondition it by running it at one-third power for an hour. This maximally stresses a design with a class-B or -AB output stage. After this period, the Herron M150's heatsink was too hot to touch, though the chassis was still cool by comparison. The amplifier's input impedance measured a usefully high 46.4k ohms at 1kHz, and as specified, it didn't invert signal polarity. The M150's voltage gain into 8 ohms was a low 24.3dB—this will be a problem with passive volume controls, as some CD players will be unable to drive the Herron to its full output.
The output impedance was moderate for a solid-state design at 0.15 ohm, which results in some minor modification of the amplifier's frequency response due to interaction between this source impedance and the loudspeaker load. This can be seen in fig.1, which also reveals some dependence of the M150's ultrasonic rolloff point on load impedance. Despite this rolloff, the shape of a small-signal 10kHz squarewave into 8 ohms (fig.2) showed a very slight overshoot.
Fig.1 Herron M150, frequency response at (from top to bottom at 2kHz): 2.83V into dummy loudspeaker load, 1W into 8 ohms, 2W into 4 ohms, and 4W into 2 ohms (0.5dB/vertical div.).
Fig.2 Herron M150, small-signal 10kHz squarewave into 8 ohms.
Fig.3 shows how the M150's low-power THD+noise percentage changes with frequency. The distortion level is superbly low into 8 ohms, but doubles each time the impedance is halved. There is also a rise in THD at higher frequencies, but even in the worst case—into 2 ohms above 10kHz—the level remains below 0.05%.
Fig.3 Herron M150, THD+noise (%) vs frequency at (from top to bottom at 2kHz): 4W into 2 ohms, 2W into 4 ohms, 1W into 8 ohms, and 2.83V into simulated loudspeaker load.