text:
A beetle that feeds on healthy trees is contributing to the death of oak trees in the county and creating a fire hazard, officials warned yesterday.
The gold-spotted oak borer has been in the county for several years, but officials recently discovered that the drought and the beetle have led to the death of more than 10,000 oaks here.
Experts think the pest may have spread to the county under the bark of firewood. County officials are urging the public to stop transporting firewood in or out of the county until more is known about the pest.
The beetle – brown with gold spots on its wings – attacks healthy, mature oaks on main stems and large branches. Larvae feed on the underside of the bark, causing strips or patches of the tree to die. The trees eventually die after repeated attacks, officials said.
Infestations have been reported in Julian, Alpine, Pine Valley, Descanso and the Morena Village area on private and public lands.
The county's Department of Agriculture, Weights and Measures is working with the Department of Planning and Land Use, the Farm and Home Advisor, CalFire and the U.S. Forest Service to educate the public and prevent the pests from spreading, officials said. –A.M.
Warm conditions could give way later in week
Punxsutawney Phil saw his shadow in Pennsylvania this morning, but from the looks of the local weather the next few days, the groundhog's jurisdiction apparently doesn't extend to the West Coast.
Springlike weather that has warmed the county much of the winter is expected through tomorrow. Temperatures should reach the mid-70s at the coast and high 70s to low 80s inland. The highest temperature in the nation was logged yesterday at the Wild Animal Park, with 86 degrees.
The second half of the week could be more in line with Phil's prognostication of more winter to come. National Weather Service forecasters are predicting cooler days and a chance of rain Thursday night through Sunday, and possibly snow in the mountains.
High pressure off the coast should begin to break down late tomorrow. The first of two storm systems should arrive sometime Thursday afternoon or evening.
Punxsutawney Phil emerged just after dawn yesterday on Gobbler's Knob, a hill in Punxsutawney, about 65 miles northeast of Pittsburgh. When he sees his shadow, legend has it that winter will last six more weeks. –R.K.
Staff writers Angelica Martinez and Robert Krier contributed to this report.


text:
Strengthening the K12 Teacher Workforce Feature Summary
- Type:
- Funding
- Title:
- Strengthening the K12 Teacher Workforce
- Description:
- Recent national reports, calling attention to the need to increase and enrich the nation's science and engineering talent pool, are placing an increased emphasis on expanding and strengthening the teacher workforce. This article offers information about and links to NSF initiatives in STEM teacher improvement and recruitment.
- Featured:
- May 19, 2008 - June 19, 2009

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Warendra Sinha, MD, GIC Housing Finance expects the company to perform better going ahead.
Speaking to CNBC-TV18 about the financial performance of GIC Housing Finance MD Warendra Sinha said that the company's net non performing assets (NPAs) have been nil for the past two years and gross NPAs have slipped below two percent.
He further added that higher provisions seen in Q4 was a prudential measure and it had nothing to with asset quality going down.
GIC Housing's net profit for Q4 was at Rs 16.6 crore Vs Rs 20 crore (YoY) and net interest income (NII) at Rs 50.2 crore Vs Rs 36 crore (YoY). Net interest margins (NIMs) rose to 2.76 percent compared to 1.85 percent last year.
Below is the verbatim transcript of his interview on CNBC-TV18
Q: Your provisioning for this quarter has gone up quite a bit. Has there been some worsening of asset quality?
A: No, nothing like that. I would say it is a prudential measure.
Q: Could you share your non performing asset (NPA) figures and gross NPA figure for this quarter?
A: We have a net NPA of nil. We have been doing that for the past two years. Our gross NPA has come down to below two percent.
Also read: LIC Hsg Fin eyes FY14 margins around 2.5%; growth above 20%
Q: What is it that you can guide to in terms of net interest income growth as we step into FY14 and what kind of margins do you think that may come along with?
A: Our net interest margins (NIMs) have gone up. In fact we have come to 2.76 percent compared to 1.85 percent last year. The company has done well. If one were to look at the stock market, I have not been able to see it since we closed our accounts on Friday afternoon. We are looking to better results in terms of our business this year.


text:
Legal Question in Bankruptcy in Indiana
Will filing bankruptcy affect husband's credit?
I am needing to file bankruptcy but I will not do this if it affects my husband's good credit. Please help. Thank you.
2 Answers from Attorneys
Re: Will filing bankruptcy affect husband's credit?
If the debts were incurred during the same time you have been married to your husband, then your bankruptcy could have an adverse consequence to your husband's credit. The creditors could seek a judgment in court that the debts were for your support and maintenance. If the debts were incurred when you were not married to your husband, then there will probably be no adverse consequence. Be sure your attorney is informed about all the debts so he or she can advise you more carefully. Good luck.
Re: Will filing bankruptcy affect husband's credit?
In Indiana, you are not required to both file, even though you are married. One of you can file alone.
The only effect on your husband's credit report will be if the two of you have a joint loan, for example on a home. Even if you keep it and keep paying on it, if his name is also on it, a notation about the bankruptcy will appear on his credit report. Now, it will also be obvious that it was someone else's bankruptcy and not his, but it's still something he would have to explain.
If you file alone, YOUR debts would be discharged, generally, except for the ones you reaffirm (decide to keep the property and keep paying the debt). Any debts he has would remain.
Hope this helps answer your question.
Related Questions & Answers
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text:
|Numéro de publication
|Type de publication
|Numéro de demande
|Date de publication
|12 aoűt 1986
|Date de dépôt
|6 déc. 1983
|Date de priorité
|9 déc. 1982
|État de paiement des frais
|Numéro de publication
|Robert D. Rung
|Cessionnaire d'origine
|Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha
|Exporter la citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citations de brevets (7), Citations hors brevets (16), Référencé par (71), Classifications (17), Événements juridiques (4)
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet
This invention relates to a programmable circuit constituted by a semiconductor integrated circuit, and more particularly, to a programmable circuit suitable for use in programming or customizing elements in CMOS integrated devices and circuits.
The programming of redundant or customizing elements in semiconductor devices and circuits has been found to be very useful in many types of semiconductor products, including, but not limited to, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, DRAM, and SRAM (static RAM). Programmable elements can be used to store data or microcode, customize the address of a chip in a system, allow partial use of a large chip which contains imperfections, replace faulty elements in a circuit with functional spare elements, or perform numerous other permanent or temporary (e.g., when the programmable element is an EPROM or EEPROM device) changes in a circuit at some time after completion of fabrication, and, in some cases, after assembly, shipment or installation.
The main programmable elements in current use, as ascertained from the technical literature, are (I) fusible links, typically of metal, metal alloys, heavily doped semiconductors, e.g., n++ polysilicon or metal-semiconductor alloys, e.g., molybdenum disilicide; (2) elements which act in a manner complementary to fuses, i.e., which can be programmed from a nonconducting state to a conducting state; (These will be referred to as "antifuses." An example of such an element is a link of polysilicon consisting of a p- region between two n++ regions. Under high current breakdown conditions, this element can reportedly be changed from a very high resistance (109 ohms) to a much lower (103 -104 ohms) resistance); and (3) EPROM or EEPROM devices where high field charge injection can significantly alter an FET threshold voltage, hence conductance under bias conditions. Of these three basic types of programmable elements, type (1) is almost universally available, i.e., in all semiconductor processes, type (2) typically requires processing beyond what is available in most semiconductor processes, and type (3) is only available in specialized EPROM or EEPROM processes, or else necessitates significant process and circuit modifications in order to be included in more general processes and circuits. These facts explain the typical preference (greatest number of applications cited) for fusible links as programmable elements. Similarly, for use in general processes, antifuses, although less common than fusible links, tend to be more often used than EPROM or EEPROM devices.
In addition to a choice of programmable elements, there are also alternatives for programming methods, except for the EPROM and EEPROM elements which are programmed by electrical methods typical of those used in EPROM products. The two overwhelmingly preferred methods for programming fuses and antifuses are (1) high current electrical programming by means of special circuits incorporated on the chip, and (2) direct heating and/or explosion by application of a carefully aligned laser beam of very small spot size. Essentially equivalent to the second method, but apparently not yet in actual production, is programming by means of electron, ion or other energetic non-optical beams. Both the electrical and laser methods have advantages and disadvantages, the most important of which are described below.
Advantages of electrical programming are: (1) no special equipment or additional investment are required; (2) programming is very easy and rapid; (3) testing, programming and retesting can be done easily in a single automated step, i.e., no additional difficulty relative to normal testing; (4) programming can be done with or without openings in the passivation, aiding reliability and avoiding post-cleaning and additional passivation; (5) damage to nearby circuit elements is easily avoided; and (6) the possibility exists for programming after assembly, or at any time during the life of the product. Advantages of laser programming include: (I) no on-chip programming circuitry is required, thus saving area and some design effort; (2) no large devices, extra pads, or higher than normal voltages are needed to supply the energy for programming; and (3) no need exists to connect one terminal of every programmable element to a power supply or other common node, thus providing greater flexibility for the design of circuitry to sense whether or not programming has taken place.
Disadvantages of electrical programming are: (1) chip area is required for programming circuitry, particularly for the large devices needed to switch the programming current; (2) extra probe pads and voltages in excess of normal operating levels are often required for programming and to keep the switching devices from being excessively large; and (3) in order to avoid large numbers of extra pads or additional large switching devices, it is necessary to connect one terminal of all elements to a power supply or other common node. Disadvantages of laser programming are: (1) expensive and complex equipment is required; (2) programming is a very difficult step, requiring accurate wafer alignment which, unlike normal testing alignment, is years away from being completely automatic; (3) testing, programming and retesting can be done in one step, but wafer probing is made more difficult than in normal testing due to limited optics; (4) programmable elements must usually be left unpassivated for the laser step, necessitating post-cleaning and additional passivation processing; (5) damage to nearby elements can easily occur, and must thus be prevented by careful process control; and (6) programming can only be done practically at the wafer level, thus precluding any possibility of later repair or customization.
It is an object of the present invention to reduce or eliminate some or all of the above mentioned disadvantages associated with electrical programming so that its desirability relative to laser programming would substantially increase. In this regard, it is an object of this invention to provide a programmable circuit that is immediately applicable to CMOS products, including the major redundancy application field of CMOS and NMOS/CMOS static RAM, and bipolar products.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a programmable circuit that can be made applicable to NMOS products, the major remaining category, by means of additional processing. Thus, potential applications of the programmable circuit of the present invention include customizing and redundancy implementation in all types of random logic, microprocessors, static RAM, dyanmic RAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, and other products, all of which are subject to CMOS implementation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a programmable circuit which has a small area and does not require a large transistor to provide the programming current because the CMOS latch-up phenomenon is used. Along these lines, it is an object of the present invention to provide a programmable circuit which requires a low supply voltage, yet generates a large current for fast operation.
The present invention is directed to a programmable circuit for a semiconductor device formed on a semiconductor substrate for use in a redundant electrical circuit. The programmable circuit of the present invention includes an input terminal which receives a programming signal. An SCR, which is formed on the semiconductor substrate and coupled to the input terminal, is actuated in response to the programming signal. The SCR is parasitic to the semiconductor device and intrinsic to the structure of the semiconductor substrate; the SCR on the semiconductor substrate is formed by the combination of npn and pnp bipolar transistors which are parasitic to the semiconductor device on the semiconductor substrate and intrinsic to the semiconductor substrate itself. A connect device or a disconnect device is connected to the SCR and the semiconductor device for connecting or disconnecting the semiconductor device from the redundant electrical circuit in response to the actuation of the SCR by the programming signal. The connect device or the disconnect device may be a fuse or antifuse.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view along line A--A' of FIG. 2.
FIGS. 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 are circuit diagrams of a semiconductor device according to other embodiments of the present invention.
FIGS. 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17 are sectional views of a semiconductor device according to the embodiments of FIGS. 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16, respectively, of the present invention.
In order to electrically program a deselect device such as a fuse or antifuse, a very low on-resistance switch which occupies very little area is required. Unfortunately, commonly used integrated devices, particularly MOSFET's, are very poor switches. On the other hand, a thyristor or SCR can be an excellent switch since it has very low on-resistance and it occupies a small area. SCRs are readily available without process modification in bulk CMOS processes of all types and in bipolar processes. For example, a programmable circuit using an SCR to electrically program a deselect device (fuse or antifuse) is described below for a p-well type bulk CMOS process. However, it would be apparent to one skilled in the art how to implement the method using other bulk CMOS processes (e.g., n-well) or bipolar processes.
FIGS. 1-3 show the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. A circuit schematic illustrating the first embodiment is shown in FIG. 1, a corresponding layout is shown in FIG. 2 and a corresponding sectional view along line A--A' of FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 3. Additional circuit schematics and corresponding sectional views are shown in FIGS. 4-17, which illustrate a few possible variations on the preferred embodiment. Since it would be apparent to one skilled in the art to adapt the layout of FIG. 2 to match the schematics shown in FIGS. 4-17, layouts for each of the modifications illustrated in FIGS. 4-17 are not given.
Turning now to FIG. 1, a programmable circuit is shown for a semiconductor device, such as MOSFET Q2, in a redundant electrical circuit. The MOSFET Q2 may form part of a RAM circuit or other electrical circuit (not shown) in which MOSFET Q2 is a redundant component having input terminal IN and output terminal OUT. The programmable circuit includes an input terminal which receives a programming signal, such as logic signal P which is generated by conventional circuit techniques. The input terminal is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q1 and voltage source VDD is connected to the drain. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, MOSFETs Q1 and Q2 are formed on the same semiconductor substrate 1. MOSFET Q2 is an n-channel transistor formed in p-well region 2 and MOSFET Q1 is a p-channel transistor formed in n type substrate 1. MOSFET Q1 includes p+ drain region 4 and p+ source region 6; MOSFET Q2 includes n+ drain region 10 and n+ source region 12. The source of MOSFET Q2 is connected to voltage source VSS via a disconnect device, such as fuse F. Although the disconnect device shown in FIG. 1 is a fuse, it would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art to use an antifuse as generally described in further detail below. The disconnect device of the programmable circuit is connected to the semiconductor device of the redundant electrical circuit, e.g., MOSFET Q2, so that the semiconductor device is disconnected from the redundant electrical circuit upon actuation of the disconnect device. For example, in the case of fuse F, the blowing or opening of fuse F disconnects MOSFET Q2 from the redundant electrical circuit in which this MOSFET Q2 is connected.
In the present invention, an intrinisic SCR (formerly parasitic) on semiconductor substrate 1 is used to advantage to control the actuation of the disconnect device or fuse F. As a result, the area of the programmable circuit can be kept small and a large transistor is not required to provide the current necessary to actuate the disconnect device. An SCR intrinsic to the CMOS structure (formerly parasitic) is formed by intrinsic (formerly parasitic) npn transistor 14 formed in p-well region 2 and intrinsic (formerly parasitic) pnp transistor 16 formed in n substrate 1. The anode of the SCR is formed by the emitter of pnp transistor 16 which is connected to voltage source VDD and the cathode is formed by the emitter of npn transistor 14 which is connected to voltage source VSS via fuse F. The gate of the SCR is formed by the collector of pnp transistor 16 and the base of npn transistor 14. This gate is connected to MOSFET Q1 to receive programming signal P by connector T. Connector T connects p+ region 6 of MOSFET Q1 to p-well region 2 via p+ region 8 as shown in FIG. 3. The use of connector T enables the SCR of the semiconductor substrate to function as a switch in response to programming signal P.
The SCR is biased by the connection of voltage sources VDD and VSS to the bipolar transistors in the manner shown in FIGS. 1-3. Voltage source VDD is connected to n substrate 1 via n+ region 9 so that this voltage is applied to the base of pnp transistor 16 and collector of npn transistor 14 via resistance Rn. Voltage source VSS is connected to p-well region 2 via p+ region 11 so that this voltage is applied to the gate of the SCR via resistance Rp. Thus, when programming signal P is received and applied to the gate of the SCR, the SCR enables the current through fuse F to rapidly increase to thereby blow fuse F and disconnect MOSFET Q2.
An explanation of the operation of the programmable circuit of FIGS. 1-3 will now be given. When a low voltage programming signal P is applied to the input terminal of the programmable circuit, p-channel MOSFET Q1 turns on, which supplies current to p-well 2 through resistance RP (a spreading resistance which is typically a few thousand ohms, but can vary widely with process conditions and layout geometries) and also through the base of the npn bipolar transistor. This npn base current actuates the SCR formed by the merged npn and pnp bipolar transistors 14 and 16, and causes a very high current (SCR on-resistance can be set to less than 10 ohms) to flow in a first impurity region of first conductivity type, such as a n+ emitter, and hence, in a disconnect device such as fuse F or an antifuse (but see FIGS. 6, 8, 10 and 16 for more suitable circuits, since the antifuse breakdown voltage must be overcome). If the fuse current exceeds a critical level, the fuse blows (i.e., becomes an open circuit), and this in turn automatically turns off the SCR. And if an antifuse is used, and the antifuse breakdown current exceeds a critical level, the antifuse functions as a short circuit. Of course, in the case of an antifuse, actuation of the antifuse does not automatically turn off the SCR or thyrister. Thus, as apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, when using an antifuse, the current available from VDD is controlled externally and it is applied for a predetermined period of time.
For polysilicon fuses, the critical current density is approximately 1.7×107 A/cm2 when covered by passivating overglass, and 7×106 A/cm2 when unpassivated. For typical dimensions such as 0.25 micron polysilicon layer thickness and 2 micron linewidth, critical currents of 85 mA and 35 mA are obtained for the passivated and unpassivated cases, respectively. With these figures, the advantages of the present invention can be clearly understood. First, the SCR or thyristor itself consumes almost no useful layout area, since it is composed of parasitic elements. The extra p+/p-well trigger contact 8 is the only portion of the SCR not used in an additional capacity, since p-channel MOSFET Q1 is used to provide the trigger current, and a second MOSFET, such as n-channel MOSFET Q2, is used as part of the circuit which detects whether or not programming has taken place. The p-channel MOSFET Q1 need only be large enough to supply a few hundred microamperes, which can be done by a minimum geometry (W/L=1) device in most cases. FIG. 2 shows a conservative case where W/L=4. If a conventional method were used (i.e., a large n-channel transistor to supply the fuse blowing current), the switching device would require a W/L ratio of not less than 140 (unpassivated) or 60 (passivated) in a very advanced 250 Angstrom gate oxide process. Practically, the device would have to be much larger to allow adequate margin, and larger still if the process gate oxide were thicker than 250 Angstrom. Typically, then, the programmable circuit of the present invention reduces the area of the programmable circuit by at least one order of magnitude, and probably much more, since the dominant use of area in this invention is by the triggering device. FIGS. 1 and 2 also show that additional probe pads (PAD) are not necessary for the operation of the programmable circuit, but such extra pads might be used to advantage in certain other embodiments. The programmable circuit can also be designed not to require a supply voltage in excess of 5 v (conventional implementations usually must), although embodiments employing a modest increase (e.g., to 7 v) can enjoy greater circuit margin. This is due primarily to the fact that a fuse, particularly one made of polysilicon, requires not only current but voltage in order to be blown. A typical value for a polysilicon fuse of 2.0 micron length (narrowest portion) is 0.9 v (unpassivated) or 2.1 v (passivated), again using the previously cited critical current data and typical values for n++ polysilicon resistivity.
The remaining figures are now described in detail. FIGS. 4-5 show an embodiment where the common terminal of fuse F is not connected to the same VSS supply voltage which provides the p-well ground potential. Voltage source VSS1 is connected to fuse F and voltage source VSS2 is connected to the gate of the SCR. This programmable circuit is particularly suitable for cases of higher fuse resistance (or antifuses, which require a drop of at least a breakdown voltage, which must be well above the normal supply voltage) when the negative feedback effect of emitter lead resistance might interfere with SCR or thyristor operation. Voltage source VSS2 is shown connected to p-well 2 by a p+ region because a floating p-well is undesirable during normal circuit operation. During programming, if voltage source VSS2 is allowed to float, the negative feedback effect of fuse (or antifuse) impedance will be eliminated. Thus, if VSS2 is open when programming signal P is applied, then the fuse will blow at a faster rate than in the circuit of FIGS. 1-3.
Alternatives to the technique illustrated in FIG. 4 are shown in FIGS. 6-7 and 8-9. These two circuits avoid the use of voltage source VSS2, any extra pads, and any floating p-wells other than the one containing the fuse or antifuse to be programmed. In FIGS. 6-7 and 8-9, voltage source VSS is supplied to p-well 2 through a second MOSFET such as p-channel MOSFET Q3 gated by programming signal P (the inverse of P) (FIG. 6) or n-channel MOSFET Q3 gated by P (FIG. 8). Thus, the MOSFET Q3 which supplies voltage source VSS is turned off during programming (application of pulse to blow the fuse), allowing the p-well containing the element to be programmed to float. The MOSFET Q3 is turned on at all other times in order to supply VSS. For a 250 Angstrom gate oxide process, a reasonable transistor on-resistance of about 2000 ohms can be obtained using an aspect ratio W/L of 13 (p-ch) or 4.5 (n-ch).
FIGS. 10-11 illustrate yet another method of temporarily allowing p-well 2 to float without using an additional power supply. In this case, PAD is set to voltage source VDD1 (e.g., VDD1 is equal to 5 v) and n type semiconductor substrate 1 is set to voltage source VDD2 (e.g., VDD2 is equal to 5 v) during programming. During normal circuit operation, voltage source VDD1 is floating and voltage source VDD2 is equal to 5 v, and all P signals are kept low, thus keeping the p-channel triggering transistor (MOSFET Q1) on so that it can supply VSS to p-well 2.
FIGS. 12-13 and 14-15 are analogous to FIGS. 1 and 3, respectively, except that the fuse or antifuse is now connected to voltage source VDD on the opposite side of the SCR. In FIG. 14, voltage source VDD2 is not strictly necessary because substrate region 1 is ubiquitous and is usually contacted in many locations. Thus, additional local contacts merely serve to reduce the effective substrate spreading resistance as seen from a particular point. For this reason, perfect substrate floating cannot be obtained, and the circuit of FIG. 14 will not be nearly as effective as that of FIG. 3 for programming antifuses.
FIGS. 16-17 show a similar programmable circuit utilizing the same concept, but not requiring the complete thyristor or SCR. This circuit may be used in a CMOS process or layout which has been specially designed so that the SCR cannot be turned on, such as a p-well process using an n-epitaxial layer on an n+ substrate which is directly contacted to voltage source VDD from the backside. Without the backside contact, the SCR can almost always operate, even in an epitaxial process. However, in this programmable circuit, a high current gain (usually well over 100 in common emitter mode) bipolar transistor 20 is used to supply the programming current to fuse F. P-channel MOSFET Q1, which is coupled to the base of bipolar transistor 20 and is responsive to programming signal P, must supply somewhat larger turn-on current than in the above case of the SCR. MOSFET Q1 also must remain on until programming has been completed, rather than just until the SCR fires as in the above case. Voltage source VSS2, which typically would float during programming, provides a voltage to p-well 2 during normal circuit operation. Voltage sources VSS1 and VSS2 are both ground under normal operating conditions. When programming, however, VSS2 is allowed to float, and programming signal P is driven low. This forces a base current into bipolar transistor 20 and a much larger emitter current then flows through (and blows) fuse F. An antifuse can be used as described above, provided voltage source VDD is high enough to overcome the antifuse breakdown voltage and still supply the base current. In the antifuse case, bipolar transistor 20 does not turn off automatically, so current is controlled both in magnitude and time duration by an external circuit (not shown).
Although illustrative embodiments of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to those precise embodiments. Various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For example, as previously stated, adaptations of the schematics, sectional views and layouts of FIGS. 1-16 to n-well CMOS or bipolar technologies would be apparent to one skilled in the art. The extension to an n-channel MOS process which has been modified to include n-wells and p-channel transistors also would be apparent.
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|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
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|AUSTRIA MIKRO SYSTEME INTERNATIONAL GESELLSCHAFT m.b.H. (Austria Micro Systems International Gesellschaft m.b.H.)
|Non-volatile semiconductor memory cell
|Classification aux États-Unis
|327/525, 326/13, 257/137, 257/162, 326/38
|Classification internationale
|Classification coopérative
|Classification européenne
|6 déc. 1983
Owner name: TOKYO SHIBAURA DENKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA, 72 HORIKAWA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:RUNG, ROBERT D.;REEL/FRAME:004205/0559
Effective date: 19831206
|2 févr. 1990
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|25 janv. 1994
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Year of fee payment: 12


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A breathtaking Italian Majolica wall charger hand painted in the center with a seascape. The outer border is crimped and festooned with large applied flowers and birds. The charger was produced by the Minghetti factory.
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Brand new free game for iPhone and iPod. Transport yourself in world of magic, the world of Sinbad. Collect the gems through all seven journeys and find required items to help Sinbad get safely back home. *** Features*** Amazing 3D graphics and 7 levels of play. 3 different power ups: SKATEBOARD - to speed up Sinbad, HOURGLASS - to add time to finish the voyage and KEY to help you unlock the maze if stuck. Randomly generated maps, so each game is never the same. Multiplayer game mode for iPhone and iPad that allows you to play against people all over the world. Universal game, works on iPhone and iPad.
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text: Hi, I had decided to start a free project to desging partitioning, this is always free not open source. I think the concept is too simple And I askyou please to pointme some mistake or improvement in the design The idea is to create a partitioning package, for a simple good reason, you don't have this feature on standard edition, and hoenstly to setup a simple partitioning, is more simple that it seems. Obviously this is not the same as using partitioning from Oracle This are only the first two ideas I had now. 1) The first design idea is the following, this is not for a high load tables 1. You have a temporary table where you insert the data. 2. You have a table that structures the data by ranges, this is table name, lower range, upper range. The idea is 1. you insret to a temporary table 2. you call a functoin that moves IN ONE STATEMENT, the data from temporary tables, to the partitioned tables 3. you have a function table, to get data when you query, the function table helps you to query only the tables in the range of you query For global indexes, you can create a table storing tablename, value (or hashvalue), which are indexed. 2) The second idea could be to create a view, with an instead trigger, with a similar functionality I was thinking about the idea this view could call a function table, setting the values for the query in package variables. Problems: -The insertion is done in two steps, I'm going to check how works on 10g partitioned views, and if using istead of trigger I could avoid this additional step. -The way to query is different, you don't simple set a where, you have to set it specifically Any comment? :) Thank you -- http://www.freelists.org/webpage/oracle-l


text:
Originally published Monday, December 2, 2013 at 4:03 PM
Editorial: Congress, go back to D.C. and pass a farm bill and immigration package
At least two important measures are within striking distance of a vote: the farm bill and a comprehensive immigration reform package, which includes a path to citizenship.
Seattle Times Editorial
CONGRESS has passed only 44 substantive bills this year, making the 2013 session one of the least productive in recent history. The yearly average between 1999 and 2012 was 70.
But elected officials could redeem themselves by closing deals on two big measures that affect Washington state: a farm bill guiding the nation's food and agricultural policy and a comprehensive immigration reform package.
The former affects regional researchers and farmers, as well as low-income families that rely on food assistance. The latter is critical for businesses to maintain a competitive labor force, both in the high-tech sector and in the fields of Washington.
Our delegates should unite and guide both measures to passage before the House plans to adjourn by Dec. 13 and the Senate by Dec. 20.
After an impasse last year, Congress extended the farm bill until Sept. 30 this year. Much of the funding continued, but ends on Dec. 31.
The sticking point remains cuts to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, commonly known as food stamps. A Senate plan already proposes to reduce funding to the program by $4 billion, on top of a $5 billion cut that took effect Nov. 1 after a temporary boost from the 2009 stimulus bill expired. That's enough.
House Republicans want even deeper cuts — about $39 billion over 10 years. Such a drastic move would punish low-income families already struggling to eat healthy food.
As for comprehensive immigration reform, the Senate earlier this year passed a package that includes enhanced border security, electronic verification requirements for businesses and a long, challenging path to citizenship for some of the 11 million people living in the U.S. without proper documentation.
House Republican leaders' repeated promises to solve this problem "piece by piece" ring hollow when they fail to introduce or push a single piece of legislation. Probably because they have no plan. Most Republicans represent districts with small Latino populations and are not inclined to act.
Washington's Republican delegates don't have that excuse. U.S. Reps. Cathy McMorris Rodgers, R-Spokane, Doc Hastings, R-Pasco, Jaime Herrera Beutler, R-Camas, and Dave Reichert, R-Auburn, understand their districts need immigration reform. Polls show their constituents support it. Why they're not working with moderates and Democrats to pass a package is beyond reason.
For more than two weeks now, immigration activists have starved themselves on the National Mall to raise awareness.
Elected officials should heed their message. Go back to Washington, D.C. Get some real work done.


text:
|May 4, 2009, 12:09 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: November 3, 2002
Posts: 251
Fighting stick vs. Knife
I'm not sure if T&T is the right place for this question, but here goes:
Assume two men in a fight, one with a fighting stick and the other with a knife, each equally skilled with his weapon.
The fighting stick is, say, as long as a cane, made entirely wood and quite sturdy.
The knife is a dagger (double-edged) with a blade that is 6" long, strong, and sharp.
No element of surprise (and neither has a gun).
Who wins the fight?
|May 4, 2009, 12:11 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: April 14, 2009
Posts: 897
stick guy has more reach, and a tactical advantage because he can dual wield or one hand it. knife guy has a knife though. bludgeon vs piercing. sounds like Dungeons and Dragon talk.
|May 4, 2009, 12:14 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: November 3, 2002
Posts: 251
One aspect of this exercise is to figure out what makes a better weapon when a firearm is not available.
|May 4, 2009, 12:27 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: August 5, 2006
Location: Colorado Springs, CO
Posts: 565
The knife guy is in trouble mainly due to his having a shorter reach. Especially if the stick guy is trained in Escrima/Arnis (which usually includes knife fighting also so he'd be familiar with the knife guy's tactics).
The stick(s) can be used to block, hit and even capture/lock-up the knife hand/arm and disarm the knife guy...but if the knife guy ALSO knows Escrima/Arnis, he would know the stick guy's tactics, too, and take evasive action.
Still, due to reach I'd say the stick guy has the edge.
-- John D.
|May 4, 2009, 03:05 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: February 14, 1999
Location: Pittsburg, CA, USA
Posts: 7,413
A knifer has the advantage, if he's willing to flat-out charge in and take the fight to hug range. The stick guy has to STOP that charge with just a stick.
That ain't easy.
We talk about handguns sometimes lacking "stopping power" all the time. Ponder the real "stopping power" of even a good hickory cane (best case scenario).
If he's smart, the knifer will use his off-arm as a block up around his head, keep the knife close and at waist level and basically "dive in" (similar to the BJJ "shoot").
Try and stop that with a stick.
Jim March
|May 4, 2009, 06:43 AM
Junior member
Join Date: April 6, 2008
Location: Spartanburg, SC
Posts: 2,933
Depends on what the combatants are fighting for. It's like the rabbit and the fox. The fox usually loses the chase because he's only running for his supper while the rabbit is running for his life. The guy who WANTS to win will win. The only REALLY dangerous weapons are man and the mind.
Forget the 10 minute fights you see in the movies. Someone well-trained in martial arts can disable an opponent in 2-3 blows. Disarm, certainly - and even kill.
|May 4, 2009, 09:10 AM
Senior Member
Join Date: March 15, 2009
Location: East Tennessee
Posts: 811
We've actually had this scenario in the dojo and the stick guy dies every time. The knife guy gets some bruises.
sailing ... A way to spend lots of money and go real S L O W
|May 4, 2009, 09:26 AM
Join Date: May 16, 2000
Location: Washington state
Posts: 7,489
Sorry, guys -- TFL is about firearms, not about other weapons.
Closed as off topic.
Kathy Jackson
My personal website: Cornered Cat
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|Search this Thread


text:
Craig Williams got his first feel of Magic Millions Classic favourite Assail in a gallop between races at Warwick Farm on Saturday. He was impressed after breezing home in 33.8 seconds for the final 600 metres and beating her companion, The Last General, by two lengths. ''She might be a bit better than the Magic Millions,'' Williams told connections. Williams had only watched tapes of Assail's two wins on Friday night after returning from a stint in Japan. ''My agent, Mark Guest, did all the work to get me on her,'' he said. ''I hadn't seen her before watching the tapes last night. I knew it must have been a good ride by how excited he was in the text messages. I'm glad I came up here to ride her and learn a bit about her before next week.''
Alysha Collett sat down and got ''a helping hand'' from the riding skills panel on Friday. Ron Quinton, Maurice Logue and Greg Rudolph took the Kiwi apprentice through several of her recent rides, including the one on Silk Pins at Canterbury last Saturday that saw her referred to the panel. ''I learnt a lot and had a look at a few things I have been doing wrong,'' Collett said. ''It was a little helping hand I needed.'' Rudolph said Collett was still adjusting to the pressure of riding in Sydney. ''She might just be trying a bit harder to make up for her mistakes,'' he said.
Josh Parr was fined $200 for sitting up on Agent Bauer only 40 minutes after doing the same thing on Battlefront. ''It is like groundhog day, Josh, you sit up in the same spot,'' chief steward Ray Murrihy told Parr. Although Parr's actions didn't cost Agent Bauer, stewards pointed out that it was the second time in two races that Parr had not ridden his mount out to the line. He pleaded guilty but noted that he had not received a reprimand for his effort on Battlefront before going out on Agent Bauer.
Jockeys wore black armbands in the seventh race at meetings across the country on Saturday in memory of Ashlee Mundy, who died of injuries she suffered in a race fall in New Zealand. Jason Collett was hoping to honour her by winning the seventh at Warwick Farm on the favourite, My Sabeel. "She was a terrific girl,'' Collett said. "It is just very sad. I really wanted to win the race but it wasn't to be."
Glyn Schofield's decision to be positive on That's A Good Idea proved a winning one and upset the odds-on favourite Stand Strong. ''He is a nice horse and he is getting better,'' Schofield said. ''We agreed to make a lot more use of him today and it was a gallop the whole way. We were rolling along at a nice tempo and that tempo is not for the faint-hearted so even though he [Stand Strong] was the favourite, he was probably looking for oxygen coming round the corner.'' Stand Strong showed poor post-race recovery and Tommy Berry said he never felt a winning chance.
James McDonald celebrates his 21st birthday on Sunday, and the jockey felt stewards gave him an early present at Warwick Farm. McDonald tried to make room for himself on Disciple on the turn and bumped San Zaim. He managed to see off a protest from Kerrin McEvoy and was surprised when offered a severe reprimand. "This is an early present for sure," he said.
Real Surreal guaranteed herself a spot in the Magic Millions Classic with a dominant win at Eagle Farm on Saturday. Trainer Kelso Wood believes his filly, which firmed from $26 in to $16 for the Classic, would have no problem with the seven-day back-up into the Gold Coast feature.
with AAP


text:
Singapore - World oil prices rose in Asian trade on Friday, extending gains made in New York, as rising geopolitical tensions in the Middle East stoked concerns over crude supply.
Spain's announcement of an austerity budget also helped lift the market as it eased fears over an escalation of the eurozone crisis, analysts said.
New York's main contract, light sweet crude for November, was up 43 cents at $92.28 a barrel in the morning and Brent North Sea crude for delivery in November added 14 cents to $112.15.
"Tensions between Iran and the West reinforced concerns about potential supply disruptions," Phillip Futures said in a market commentary.
"Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu drew his 'red line' for Iran's nuclear programme in a speech at the United Nations... and voiced confidence the United States shares his view," it added.
Western powers have been pressuring Iran to halt its nuclear programme but Tehran has insisted its efforts were solely for peaceful purposes.
Madrid unveiled it 2013 budget focussed on spending cuts and featuring structural reforms agreed with the European Union, bringing relief to the crisis-weary eurozone as it pointed to a full bailout of the debt-strapped nation.
IG Markets Singapore said in a commentary the budget is "widely seen as the first step to approaching the EU for a full bailout as it gets its house in order".
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text:
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text: Schott NYC celebrates their 100-year anniversary with this film, giving us a look into their factory and rich history. Schott has incredible American cultural significance as the inventor of the moto, and the first brand to ever put zippers on a jacket. Take a look at the video to learn more about a true American icon.


text:
Recently bought a black Wii and have been checking out this site for tips and tricks to get it hacked. In the end got Indiana Jones Lego and went that route following the tutorial on here (worked a treat).
Used the tutorial for setting up a HDD, using the FAT32 method with 1 partition, in addition using Wiiflow with a forwarder.
Anyway I have put all my games onto the HDD with zero issues at all except for the bundled Sports + Sports Resort game. It works right up to where you choose which sports game you want to play, however then it kicks you out to the main Wii menu.
Anyone got any thoughts?
Another frustration is I cannot find the cover artwork for the bundled game either.


text:
49ers vs. Bengals : 5 Halftime Adjustments San Francisco Must MakeSeptember 25, 2011
It's halftime in the San Francisco 49ers vs. Cincinnati Bengals game and the score is 3-0, Bengals.
Here are five halftime adjustments the 49ers must make if they want to win this game.
5. The 49ers defense must get the Bengals offense off the field.
The first drive of the game went 70 yards, with very little opposition, until Cincinnati got inside the 49ers red zone. The Bengals run a version of the West Coast offense, which includes quick passes and a great mix of passing and running plays. The 49ers can't let rookie quarterback Andy Dalton control the second half.
4. On offense, San Francisco has to avoid sacks and penalties.
The more young Andy Dalton has the ball, the more confidence he will get. The 49ers can't keep going three-and-out if they are going to win this game. The 49ers' first two drives stalled because of pressure and penalties.
3. Get the ball to your playmakers—in other words, Frank Gore.
So far in his career, Alex Smith has proven that he will not win games by himself. So, until things change, Frank Gore continues to be the 49ers' best option.
2. San Francisco has to flip the field.
The Niners have had awful field position; the Bengals have kept them pinned on their side of the field for most of the game. They need to string together a few early first downs and get into Bengals territory.
1. Veteran players must step up.
Alex Smith, Frank Gore, Vernon Davis: At some point, these highly-regarded players have to start making plays. It is that simple. The Bengals are a young team and can be beaten.


text:
My Nonprofit Reviews
Review for Center for the Arts of Bonita Springs Inc, Bonita Springs, FL, USA
This organization serves the community in a variety of ways across the entire demographic, creative and entertainment spectrum.
Over the years it has grown its efforts to address the needs and wants of the public it serves. As their needs grow or change the Center for the Arts meets those needs. It also anticipates needs and wants and has addressed those as well.
Serving as Chairman of the Films for Film Lovers I have seen that occur over the past several years. When we began we were showing eight films during the 'high season', one or two each month and none during summer.
Despite attendance beginning at a low level and building slowly the Center supported the program. Now our recently published schedule includes at least two films a month and doing that year round. There will also be several months with three films and a few with a fourth night that includes dinner. So in the 2013/14 season we will be presenting 34 films for those who love films!
Doing all that has seen audiences grow to the point requiring a move to a larger space. And that was accomplished! Attendance continues to increase and another move to a much larger apace has already been planned.
From the area I volunteer to serve in with the Center my experience has demonstrated its willingness and capability to continue bringing the Arts to the people of Bonita Springs and beyond.
More Feedback
Would you volunteer for this group again?
For the time you spent, how much of an impact did you feel your work or activity had?
A lot
Did the organization use your time wisely?
Very Well
Would you recommend this group to a friend?
When was your last experience with this nonprofit?


text:
Leaks may develop from the differential cover and/or seals on high mileage or older vehicles. Our technicians recommend a complete reseal of the differential unit if these leaks are addressed.
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text:
Veterans Transfer Event
NECC Veteran & Military Services is pleased to announce that Veterans Services representatives from Northeastern University will be on the Haverhill campus Thursday, September 24, 2015 from 11:00 am to 1:00 pm. An information table will be set up in the Spurk Building lobby and additional transfer information for Student Veterans and Military will be available in the Spurk Building theater.
Please contact Veteran & Military Services at 978-556-3631 or firstname.lastname@example.com for additional information.


text:
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: Editorial
Tuesday, 8 December 2009
Demagogue Brown names and shames the public sector
THE PCS trade union yesterday accused the bankers Prime Minister, Gordon Brown of beginning a bidding war on who can cut the most.
The bidding war is, of course, to pay off the bankers debts, and get back the £850bn that the government has put at their disposal.
The PCS added that following the advice of Sir Peter Gershon, 100,000 civil service jobs were cut! It added that even he had conceded that he had gone to the limit and that going further than the efficiencies he outlined would damage the delivery of frontline services.
The union went on to accuse the government of holding the sale of century as it planned a fire sale of key assets and agencies.
The FDA described as irresponsible the Governments proposal for a cut of up to 20 per cent in the size of the Senior Civil Service (SCS).
In his haste to make his savage cuts, Brown yesterday launched a demagogic attack on public sector workers, seeking to whip up something akin to a lynch mob, saying that overpaid public sector workers would be named and shamed, and thousands more civil servants moved out of London, as a form of punishment no doubt, for achieving reasonable pension terms.
In fact, public sector workers are as a rule low paid and all wages and pensions, including those of the FDA elite, have been negotiated and agreed for the last ten years with his three Labour governments.
Civil servants are not like Browns MPs. These were able to pocket tens of thousands in expense claims over many years. Among them there were champion house flippers and prodigious gardeners and cleaners. Even Brown felt that he had to repay £10,000 back to the exchequer.
In the pre-Budget report, Chancellor Darling is expected to confirm annual borrowing will top £175bn a lot of it cash that was gifted to bankers, which the government has promised to halve within four years, at the expense of the working class.
In his speech in central London, Brown said ministers had identified £3bn in additional efficiency savings since the Budget in April.
He was not referring to the abolition of bankers bonuses!
He was talking about putting a modern spin on savage cuts and austerity measures.
He said: We need to do what households up and down the country do to prioritise the necessities and postpone the things we can do without.
He paraded his grandiose vision saying We want new services that meet, for example, the growing needs of older people, supporting them at home where they wish to remain whenever possible. And helping people in middle life who can find themselves struggling to balance work with meeting responsibilities towards their ageing parents and their young families.
Here he is actually talking about ending hospital care for the elderly and giving their middle-aged children the job of looking after them at home, at the same time as they are struggling desperately trying to pay their kids university tuition fees. Brown feels that this is what modern society is all about!
The truth, however, does manage to emerge when he states: Such profound changes must now be managed in the context of an unprecedented global recession, as governments confront the need to plan to unwind deficits necessitated by action to save the global banking system.
His brave new world is all to do with plans to pauperise the working class and middle class in order to secure the £850bn that he has provided to support the banking system.
To help with this he names and shames the public sector not the bankers! The Welfare State and the NHS are to be privatised and wound up to pay the bankers debts.
There is an alternative to Browns slash and burn policies. That is to nationalise the banks and the major industries under workers control to put an end to capitalism and go forward to a socialist planned economy and socialism.
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Maiden flight of the YAK 55SP 10e
I finally had a chance to fly my Hyperion YAK 55SP 10e this morning before work. I have been waiting for a low wind situation to test it out. Wind was almost non-existent, so I quickly packed the plane, transmitter and a charged battery into my car.
There is a public park on my drive into work (in Westport on the north side of the lake Mendota). It has some big soccer fields as well as a large empty field to the south. I've only flow there once before. I figured what the heck, this is a small plane, so a small field should be no problem.
Take off was nice and controlled. It climbed out easily at about 60% throttle. Only needed one or two clicks of right aileron trim and it was flying perfectly level. Did a couple of simple loops and rolls, the plane handles very well. I flew the entire flight on low rates, so no crazy stunts. Flew around for about 6 minutes. Since I was unfamiliar with the field, I didn't to a bunch of landings. Just the one landing, and it was smooth as butter. The grass was long, so when the plane slowed up, it gently nosed over.
This makes the fifth new plane of put together this year and flown. So far no major incidents. True - I've dorked up the landings a few times. :-)
Four of the five planes have been balsa ARFs. One EPP foam plane; the Sky Cat, which is still my favorite for 'trying new things' since I'm not all all worried about mishaps.
I must say, I'm totally convinced of the superiority of flying experience of a balsa and monocote style plane vs. a foamie. Perhaps I'm just a better flier now and I can notice the difference more, or perhaps the balsa ARFs I'm currently flying are better than average.
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Xbox One tops PS4 in December U.S. sales
It looks like Xbox One is finding its groove again in the United States, as Microsoft's next-gen system reclaimed the top spot in U.S. sales. Although Sony's PlayStation 4 is stillt he best-selling console during the two-month launch window; Microsoft's Xbox One led console sales in December with 908,000 units sold. Together, the two consoles helped increase December hardware sales increase 50 percent compared to December 2012.
The United States has generally been the best market for Xbox, but with the new systems it was widely expected that the PS4 would overtake it. The PS4 took an early lead in November, but since then sales have been hindered by supply. Commenting on the latest report, Dan Race, senior director of corporate communications for Sony Computer Entertainment of America, said, "PlayStation 4 remains the cumulative leader for next gen console sales in the U.S. since the launch on November 15. We sold every PS4 available at retail in the U.S. and were out of stock in December due to overwhelming consumer demand."
"With more than 4.2 million PS4 systems sold worldwide, it's clear that the PS4's gaming and entertainment features are resonating with large audiences and we're doing our best to provide additional inventory in all of the 53 countries where it's available," he added.
For Microsoft, it wasn't just the Xbox One that saw success. Xbox 360 continued to see "strong momentum" with 643,000 units sold in December. As a result, it now leads last generation hardware sales. Together, the Xbox One and Xbox 360 held 46 percent of the hardware market share in the U.S. and showed a 10 percent year over year growth from December 2012.
"We're grateful for the excitement and support of our fans – many purchasing their next Xbox console and many joining the Xbox family for the first time," said Yusuf Mehdi, corporate vice president of marketing, strategy and business for Xbox. "Our journey is just starting, with more innovation, games and entertainment coming in 2014 and far beyond."
Overall, total video game sales for the United States in December were up slightly by 2 percent year-over-year, from $3.21 billion in 2012 to $3.28 billion in 2013. Hardware sales in Dececember 2013 were repotedly $1.37 billion, up 28 percent from the $1.07 billion in December 2012.


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Associate of Arts in Liberal Arts: Spanish Language Option
Division of Bilingual Studies — Curriculum Code: 019L
Will Earn Upon Program Completion: Associate in Arts (A.A.) Degree
Why major in Spanish?
Whether you are planning to pursue a career in business, social work, education, law enforcement, or health professions, competency in Spanish will help distinguish you from the competition. In fact, as the number of Spanish speakers continues to grow in the tri-state area, Spanish language proficiency is fast becoming an essential part of many occupations. Moreover, the implementation of new world language requirements in New Jersey public schools has created a strong demand for teachers of Spanish throughout the state.
If I major in Spanish, can I transfer to an upper-division college or university?
Most or all of the credits earned at ECC toward an A.A. degree in Spanish will transfer to a four-year college or university depending on ECC's particular transfer/articulation agreements with area institutions. You may choose to apply the credits toward a B.A. in Spanish, Education, or some other major.
Are there any requirements I must satisfy before I start taking courses in my major?
Based on your placement test scores, you may have to take developmental courses in reading, English, and/or mathematics before taking the core curriculum courses in your major. However, you may enroll in Spanish courses, with departmental permission, while taking developmental courses.
How long will it take for me to complete this degree?
If you do not need developmental course work and you register for an average of 15 credits each semester, you can complete the degree in two years. You may shorten the amount of time by taking courses in the summer sessions.
Where should I direct specific questions about this program?
Call the Division at (973) 877-3450.
Upon completion of this program, graduates will be able to:
Proficiently write, read, speak, and listen to intermediate-level Spanish that emphasizes real-life contexts; and
Describe the various cultures of the Spanish-speaking world.
(45 credits)
Written & Oral Communication (9 credits)
ENG 101, ENG 102, and ENG 109 (three 3-credit courses)
Quantitative Knowledge & Skills/Scientific Knowledge & Reasoning (12 credits)
Choose one math course and a lab science sequence or two math courses and one lab science course from the following:
Math: MTH 100, MTH 101, MTH 103, MTH 113, MTH 119, MTH 120, MTH 121, MTH 122, MTH 127, MTH 221, or MTH 222 (one or two 4-credit courses)
Lab Science: BIO 101 – BIO 102, BIO 103 – BIO 104, BIO 121 – BIO 122; CHM 101 – CHM 102, CHM 103 – CHM 104; PHY 101 – PHY 102, PHY 103 – PHY 104, or PHY 113 – PHY 114 (one or two 4-credit courses)
Society & Human Behavior (6 credits)
Choose two of the following courses: ANT 101, ANT 105; ECO 101, ECO 102; POL 101, POL 104; PSY 101, PSY 102, PSY 219; SOC 101, SOC 108, or SOC 219 (two 3-credit courses)
Humanistic Perspective (9 credits)
Choose two of the following literature courses: ENG 205, ENG 208, ENG 215, ENG 221, ENG 222, ENG 232, ENG 237, ENG 238, ENG 242, ENG 250, ENG 263, or ENG 264 (two 3-credit courses)
And choose one of the following art or music courses: ART 100, ART 101, ART 102; MUS 100, MUS 108, MUS 109, or MUS 117 (one 3-credit course)
Historical Perspective (6 credits)
Choose one of the following history sequences: HST 101 – HST 102, HST 111 – HST 112, HST 121 –HST 122, HST 131 – HST 132, HST 134 – HST 135, HST 136 – HST 137, or HST 161 – HST 162 (two 3-credit courses)
Global & Cultural Awareness of Diversity (3 credits)
Choose one additional (non-repeated) course from the following: ANT 101, ANT 105; ART 100, ART 101, ART 102, ART 200; CIN 103; ENG 205, ENG 215, ENG 232, ENG 237, ENG 238, ENG 242, ENG 263, ENG 264; HST 121, HST 122, HST 137; MUS 117; PSY 232; REL 105; SOC 108, SOC 205, or SOC 207 (one 3-credit course)
(12 credits)
Choose four of the following Spanish elective courses: SPN 101 Elementary Spanish I, SPN 102 Elementary Spanish II, SPN 201 Intermediate Spanish I, SPN 202 Intermediate Spanish II, SPN 222 Latin American Literature, SPN 225 Caribbean Literature, and/or SPN 227 US Latino Literature (four 3-credit courses)
(6 credits)
Choose two free electives (two 3-credit courses)
Total Credits Required for Degree: 63
First Semester
Second Semester
Third Semester
Fourth Semester
(1) The two General Education Integrated Course Goals, Ethical Reasoning & Action and Information Literacy, are both addressed by the required curriculum described above, regardless of specific choices made by the individual student.
(2) This plan assumes the completion of all required developmental courses in reading, writing, and mathematics as well as other pre- and co-requisites for some of the courses, as listed in the Course Descriptions section.


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Soil Test Kit
Veseys Home » Store » Tools & Supplies » Testing & Measuring Supplies » Soil Test Kit
Test your soil for pH, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. This easy to use kit allows you to test your garden accurately and quickly using liquid formulated chemicals which are scientifically recognized in a laboratory environment. Full instructions included with kit. Enough for ten tests of each nutrient.


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For thousands of years, rings have been more than just adornment. They have been symbols of authority, symbols of promises, and even legally binding signatures. Today rings still speak volumes about you. Our palladium tourmaline antique-inspired band rings are as eloquent as they are beautiful and always one of a kind. Choose sapphire and platinum or blue topaz and rose gold: it's your choice. Mix and match gems and precious metals for a look that's exactly you. It's jewelry for all life's occasions, from a wedding or Mother's Day to your own personal milestones and celebrations. Tug on her heartstrings with a brilliant Mother's day gift of beautiful jewelry with a personal touch. Our amazing array of designs by talented jewelry designers like Randy Dixon, Ji Hwang, Ruzanna Davtian, and others means you can find palladium tourmaline antique-inspired band rings that you can't find anywhere else. Love the look of antiques but have a love for the sparkle of modern gems? Our antique inspired styles have the delicacy and craftsmanship of the past but are made to fit you perfectly with the gem of your choice. Because all Gemvara palladium tourmaline antique-inspired band rings are made from scratch to your specifications, we can hand-select the finest quality gems and recycled precious metals to perfectly suit your design. Tourmaline is named from the Sinhalese tura mali, which means "mixed stone." Available in a rainbow of colors and color combinations, tourmaline lives up to its name. Gemvara offers tourmaline in a warm pink and a lush green. Tourmaline is an October birthstone and the 8th anniversary gem. A platinum group metal, palladium has high purity and white tone of platinum but is less dense, making it more affordable. When washing your hands, don't leave any rings on the rim of a sink where they can slip down the drain! Clean palladium tourmaline antique-inspired band rings in a bowl of water with mild dish soap: use a soft brush where dust collects. Gemvara's exceptional heirloom-quality palladium tourmaline antique-inspired band rings are designed to be passed down for generations, crafted by hand in the United States.
We can help right away. Chat with a jewelry expert now!


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MIAMI - 3:00AM - A weak cold front is heading toward south Florida and it could bring us a chance of a shower tomorrow, but only 20% chance as the front fizzles out. Tomorrow will start in the 60s and climb into the mid 80s near record highs. The weekend will be a little cooler, back in the upper 70s, behind the front.
Copyright 2013 by Local10.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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A Love Supreme - Vinyl Record
- Product Code:
- Label/Make:
- Impulse
- Genre/Model:
- Jazz
- Description:
- 180 Gram Audiophile Virgin Vinyl LP - Sealed
- 011105015516
- Description
- Track Listing
- Reviews
- Glossary
Right from the very first hearing, absolutely every single jazzcritic shared the same opinion – whether trained musicians or not, true or would-be jazz expert: "A Love Supreme" is John Coltrane's most important recording. And the rave reviews which appeared in the magazines Downbeat, Jazz Hot, Jazz Podium and Swingjournal reflected this: critics all over the world, in America, Europe and Japan recognized that Coltrane's deep religious belief had influenced both his approach to life and his music-making. It not only enabled him to express himself with great intensity but also lent him the necessary inner peace to conceive a work of almost 40 minutes in length and to lead his quartet along the same path as himself.
The first section, entitled "Acknowledgement", has a forceful bass line which runs throughout the whole work. The powerful sound increases in intensity, whereby the bass motif undergoes constant modulation, with John Coltrane's meditative singing creating immense tension.
In "Resolution" Coltrane's powerful, quasi hymnlike expression comes to the fore, with McCoy Tyner achieving equal intensity in his solo. "Pursuance", with its density, quick-as-lightning runs and block chords, gives us a taste of John Coltrane's later 'free' phase. "Psalm" is filled with the famous, almost static melodies rather like a fervent prayer which are so typical for John Coltrane. "A Love Supreme" has been a faithful companion and teacher of generations of saxophonists and its message goes way beyond Music and is still valid today.
John Coltrane (tenor saxophone)
McCoy Tyner (piano)
Jimmy Garrison (bass)
Elvin Jones (drums)
Recording: December 1964 in New York City by Rudy Van Gelder
Production: Bob Thiele
Part 2 - Resolution
Part 3 - Pursuance
Part 4 - Psalm
There are no reviews for this product.
Vinyl records are able to capture the purest quality of recorded music in true form. This is possible because the initial recording is captured on an analog source (usually tape) for the ultimate in High Fidelity sound, it is then pressed onto virgin vinyl. Analog recordings capture the bottom end (or bass) while adding sweetness to the high end (or treble) better than any digital recording ever could. Analog systems are still commonly used before they are digitally transferred to CD. This means that the sound then is altered in the transfer process when CD's are produced. The word fidelity means accuracy and faithfulness. High Fidelity sound is faithful to the original sound made by the artist, capturing maximum accuracy of what was intended for the listener to hear. Vinyl records capture those sounds for the ultimate High Fidelity listening experience!
180/200 GRAM Vinyl LP
These vinyl records are produced with 180 or 200 grams of high definition premium grade virgin vinyl. This is a higher quality audiophile pressing than the typical vinyl record of 100-120 grams. These limited edition LP's are manufactured with the hi-fi enthusiast in mind. A 180 or 200 gram LP is sometimes also referred to as an audiophile pressing, there is a higher bass response and an even warmer High Fidelity sound. 180 or 200 grams LP's are typically manufactured in limited amounts and are considered collectables, commanding a higher price.
Typically, a vinyl reissue is a repressing of an original LP, usually extracted from the recording's master-tapes. In some cases, reissues are remastered to lower surface noise and improve overall sonics. Reissues help preserve the music of an original recording, especially when original LPs become unavailable or can no longer be found. Reissues can be pressed on a variety of thickness from 150 gram to 200 gram and offer a great opportunity for records collectors to own many classic recordings.
Customers who bought A Love Supreme, also bought:
There are no reviews for this product.


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Olazabal determined to end Royal Trophy pain
Former Ryder Cup captain Jose Maria Olazabal is aiming to fill a void in his trophy cabinet by leading Europe to victory in this week`s Royal Trophy against an Asian team led by Y.E. Yang.
Twice previously the Spaniard has been a losing captain in the matchplay contest that was founded by the late Seve Ballesteros.
It is a record Olazabal hopes to put straight when the seventh edition of the annual event tees off on Friday at the Dragon Lake Golf Club in the southern Chinese province of Guangdong.
The two-times US Masters champion, who masterminded Europe`s stunning Ryder Cup triumph at Medinah last year, admitted the lack of a Royal Trophy win was a "blot on his record as a captain".
"I serve notice to Asian captain Y.E. Yang and his players that I do not intend to allow this state of affairs to continue," he said.
"I take the captaincy very seriously and the Royal Trophy is very special to me because my dear friend Seve Ballesteros asked me to take over from him as the team leader in 2009.
"We all still mourn Seve`s passing two years ago. Wanting to fulfil his faith in me adds another dimension to my determination to emerge as a winner in the competition he dreamed up, and then brought to glorious fruition."
However, Olazabal acknowledges it will not be easy to wrestle back the trophy, which Asia won for only the second time in Brunei last year.
"We are aware that this is a very strong Asian team - but I think you will see that so is ours," said Olazabal.
The eight-man European line-up is Bernd Wiesberger of Austria, Danish player Thorbjorn Olesen, Belgium`s Nicolas Colsaerts, Englishman David Howell, Spaniard Alvaro Quiros and the Scottish trio of Paul Lawrie, Stephen Gallacher and Marc Warren.
"We have world-class players, Ryder Cup winners and players who have won tournaments all over the world. We have respect for our opponents, but it is our intention to go out and kick ass," said Olazabal.
Five of the European team are ranked in the world`s top 100. The highest-placed player in the Asian team is 46th-ranked Thai Thongchai Jaidee, who will spearhead Yang`s team.
Yang, Asia`s sole major winner following his victory at the 2009 PGA Championship, is confident Asia can retain the Royal Trophy for the first time, although he conceded that the late withdrawal of Japan`s Hideki Matsuyama through injury was a blow.
"I think we have one of the strongest and best balanced teams Asia has fielded so far," he said. "There were so many players in contention that I decided I could not pick myself. I think we are formidable opponents for any team."
In addition to Thongchai and his compatriot Kiradech Aphibarnrat, Yang is relying on his South Korean compatriots K.T. Kim and Kim Hyung-Sung, China`s Liang Wenchong and Wu Ashun and the Japanese duo of Ryo Ishikawa and Hiroyuki Fujita.


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Brandon, Miss., five-star running back Jerious Norwood has a message for Mississippi State fans.
"Rest easy, I might take some visits, but I'm still stable with my commitment," he said.
"I'm sure the State coaches know that I'm going to take a few other visits. I just want to check a few other schools out and take some trips. I wouldn't worry, though. I committed to State and plan on sticking with it at this point. So I wouldn't put a percentage or anything on it."
Article Continues Below
So who are the lucky teams that could get other visits?
"I'm going to visit Ole Miss and Tennessee for sure," Norwood said.
"I'd like to go visit Florida and Florida State. Coach Spurrier at Florida told me that committed players couldn't take visits there, so I don't know if I'll ever make it there. I haven't talked to FSU in a while, but they talk to my momma all the time."
Norwood, who missed two games earlier this season because of a sprained MCL, is now back and tearing it up.
With a perfect 10-0 record and the final regular season game on schedule for this Friday, it's still going to be a while before he takes any visits.
"I'm tearing it up now," Norwood said. "I've rushed for 1,400 yards. I also broke the state record with 82 rushing touchdowns. The record was 78. I think I'm going to hit 100 before we're done."


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Making SQL, NoSQL, Hadoop and other big data frameworks play nicely with one another is a major challenge that vendors are only now beginning to overcome. But a startup named Metanautix is taking data-agnosticism even further through a new platform that can turn any kind of data—even images—into SQL tables.
The company, which launched last August with $7 million in Series A financing, bills its platform, called Quest, as "a whole new way to intuitively navigate and analyze any data, from any source, at any scale."
That's a weighty promise for an ecosystem where the nature of data and the way it's stored often require different data analysis tools and strategies. But by allowing all types of data to be processed using SQL queries, which are among the most familiar tools for data analysis, Quest supports data analytics on any type of information without requiring expertise in special analytics software or languages, according to Metanautix.
The platform's data-agnosticism extends even to visual data, as the company explained in a recent blog post. Quest can map the pixels of images in a variety of formats into relational tables, making them compatible with SQL queries.
Of course, working with images pixel by pixel may not always allow data scientists to do what they need with visual data. And it's not clear that the strategy could be feasibly extended to video files, which would require mapping a magnitudally larger number of pixels.
Still, Metanautix is doing interesting things by pushing data agnosticism to the next level. Moving forward, the big data conversation likely will become not about how to make different data analytics and storage tools compatible with each other, but how to make analytics strategies work with any type of data.


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Tony wanted me to get a load of Regina and magnificent ass trick. She makes each cheek bounce to any rhythm. Its pretty amazing. It was an incredible display of ASStounding dexterity. Tony could not watch for too long, so he dove right into her ass and started eating it out. She rode him hard and took a ton of shots to the face once he started cumming.


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While sometimes still called a tea towel, they're more commonly known as dish towels
Lovely display and the star is also very pretty :) Did you know there are many different teatowels for different material?? There is a dishtowel for dishes etc, a cotton or linen glassware towel for.....glassware and even a soft one for cutlery?? We in the Netherlands had a displayrack on which was written waht towel was for what material (in the olden days before the towels were made of linen or cotton as they are now :) ) Just a little extra titbit :)ReplyDelete
Wow ~ I didn't know that. Thanks so much for the extra tidbit!Delete
Very cute. Loving that star. Thanks for the explanation......ReplyDelete
I love your little tea towel hanging shelf and your beautiful tea towels. I'm especially glad to know about the tea vs. dish towels, it's been a question for me too, for way too long. Thanks for looking it up :) Love that star, I have a red one and I'm getting ideas from yours ... Hugs ~ MaryReplyDelete
Beautiful and I love the star above. Did you make that?ReplyDelete
I can't take credit for the star. It came like that from Joann Fabrics. Thanks so much for visiting.
Hi JoAnne, this is an awesome idea! You are so clever. I love seeing items used in different ways . . . the uniqueness of it is just so charming.
Great Job!
Have a marvelous day, Connie :)
you know, I never asked myself that question...but that's good to know.Lovely display!ReplyDelete
I love your tea towels and how you have displayed them!ReplyDelete
Just lovely, I love tea towels too...I just filled a basket with Autumn tea towels ... your shelve looks so nice...Happy Fall with love JaniceReplyDelete
I love it, I love the star
Hi joanne you have a little surprise in my blogReplyDelete
I love your display and i too have always wondered about the difference in a Tea towel and dish towel.ReplyDelete
Such a great idea! I love the star!! What a nice view when you come home and walk in the door.
Lori : )
Thrifty Decor Mom
Thank you so much, this has got to be the most information, with help and tips through the whole of the internet. Its been truly appreciated.!!ReplyDelete