text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jan 3, 2006
|Filing date
|Oct 23, 2000
|Priority date
|Oct 23, 2000
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Timothy Roy Block, Kiswanto Thayib
|Original Assignee
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (75), Classifications (11), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/694,599, filed on even date herewith by Timothy Roy Block et al., entitled "DYNAMIC MODIFICATION OF FRAMENTATION SIZE CLUSTER COMMUNICATION PARAMETER IN CLUSTERED COMPUTER SYSTE", the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.
The invention is generally directed to clustered computer systems, and in particular, to the control of communications between cluster nodes based on configurable communication parameters.
"Clustering" generally refers to a computer system organization where multiple computers, or nodes, are networked together to cooperatively perform computer tasks. An important aspect of a computer cluster is that all of the nodes in the cluster present a single system image—that is, from the perspective of a user, the nodes in a cluster appear collectively as a single computer, or entity.
Clustering is often used in relatively large multi-user computer systems where high performance and reliability are of concern. For example, clustering may be used to provide redundancy, or fault tolerance, so that, should any node in a cluster fail, the operations previously performed by that node will be handled by other nodes in the cluster. Clustering is also used to increase overall performance, since multiple nodes can often handle a larger number of tasks in parallel than a single computer otherwise could. Often, load balancing can also be used to ensure that tasks are distributed fairly among nodes to prevent individual nodes from becoming overloaded and therefore maximize overall system performance. One specific application of clustering, for example, is in providing multi-user access to a shared resource such as a database or a storage device, since multiple nodes can handle a comparatively large number of user access requests, and since the shared resource is typically still available to users even upon the failure of any given node in the cluster.
As with most computer systems, clustered computer systems are often configurable so as to maximize performance within a particular application. Moreover, since communication between nodes in a clustered computer system is often a critical path in controlling system performance, many clustered computer systems have a number of configurable low-level communication parameters that control how each node operates in the system.
As an example, many clustered computer systems require some form of "liveliness" communications between nodes to insure that all nodes are operational and in full communication with one another. If a node is no longer reachable, the remaining active nodes are required to perform appropriate recovery actions to compensate for the loss of a failing node.
In many clustered computer systems, liveliness determinations are made through the distribution of "heartbeat" messages between neighbor nodes. Often a node will periodically send a heartbeat message to a neighbor node, and then wait for a reply message from the neighbor node. If a reply message is not received within a particular period of time, the node that sent the heartbeat message may assume that the other node has failed.
Parameters such as the frequency at which heartbeat messages are sent, the time period within which reply messages must be received, and the number of missed reply messages that will trigger a determination of a failed node may have a significant impact on the performance of a clustered computer system, although the precise values of these parameters may be different in different applications. For example, if all nodes in a clustered computer system are connected over a high-speed network such as a Local Area Network (LAN), a relatively short time-out period, e.g., 15 seconds, may be sufficient to balance the reliability and timeliness of failure determinations. However, were an additional node added to such a system and interconnected via a relatively lower-speed network such as a Wide Area Network (WAN), a time-out period of 2 or 3 minutes may be more appropriate.
As another example, many clustered computer systems implement controlled fragmentation of cluster messages, whereby large messages are broken up into multiple, smaller packets, prior to being sent across a network. In some instances, such controlled fragmentation, is performed directly within the clustering environment, typically to add reliability functionality to cluster messaging services. The size of the individual packets is typically controlled by a fragmentation size parameter, and it is often desirable to minimize the number of packets, and thus the transmission overhead associated with the header information transmitted along with such packets, by setting the fragmentation size to be the largest size possible. However, in many clustering environments, the maximum fragmentation size is limited by the fact that the underlying network protocol may also implement fragmentation based upon the limitations of the networking hardware utilized in the cluster. As a result, the optimum fragmentation size in a given clustered computer system may vary depending upon the underlying network hardware for the system.
Conventional clustered computer systems permit low-level communication parameters such as heartbeat parameters and fragmentation sizes to be individually set on different nodes. However, such settings are typically made via configuration files that are read during startup, and thus, these parameters are often not capable of being modified without requiring a node, or an entire clustered computer system, to be taken off line and restarted.
Given the desirability of maximizing availability in clustered computer systems, it would be extremely beneficial to permit such parameters to be modified dynamically, without requiring a node or system to be taken off line. Conventional clustered computer systems, however, lack any such functionality, and thus any modifications made to such systems require at least some interruption of availability.
Moreover, it has been found that many cluster communication parameters utilized by cluster nodes are not capable of simply being modified locally on a node without some degree of coordination with other nodes. As an example, if the time period between heartbeat message transmissions from a sending node is changed to a longer value in the sending node, but the time period that a receiving node expects to receive heartbeat messages is not likewise changed to a greater value before the longer delay is instituted by the sending node, the receiving node may time out and inappropriately detect a failure in the sending node. As another example, modifying the fragmentation size on a sending or source node requires coordination with any receiver or target nodes so that such target nodes process any received messages using the correct fragmentation size.
Therefore, a significant need exists in the art for a manner of reliably modifying cluster communication parameters in a clustered computer system with reduced effect on system availability.
The invention addresses these and other problems associated with the prior art in providing an apparatus, program product and method that support the dynamic modification of cluster communication parameters through a distributed protocol whereby individual nodes locally confirm initiation and status information for every node participating in a parameter modification operation. By doing so, individual nodes are also able to locally determine the need to undo locally-performed parameter modifications should any other node be incapable of performing a parameter modification. As such, dynamic modifications may be implemented in an efficient yet reliable manner, and often without any significant effect on the availability of any node in a clustered computer system.
Therefore, consistent with one aspect of the invention, a cluster communication parameter in a clustered computer system may be dynamically modified by initiating a cluster communication parameter modification by transmitting a message to a plurality of nodes in the clustered computer system, locally confirming, within each node, receipt of the message by each of the plurality of nodes, in response to confirming receipt of the message by each of the plurality of nodes, invoking a local cluster communication parameter modification operation on each node, transmitting from each node a status of the local cluster communication parameter modification invoked on that node, locally detecting, within each node, an unsuccessful status for the local cluster communication parameter modification of any node, and in response to detecting an unsuccessful status for any node, locally undoing, in each node for which the local cluster communication operation was performed, the local cluster communication parameter modification operation performed on that node.
The invention also addresses additional problems associated with the prior art by providing an apparatus, program product and method in which a heartbeat parameter for a plurality of nodes in a clustered computer system may be dynamically modified. As discussed above, one difficulty that may be present in the modification of a cluster communication parameter such as a heartbeat parameter is the coordination of multiple nodes to ensure that the local modifications made within such nodes do not cause mistaken detections of node failures due to incompatible parameter values in different nodes.
Therefore, consistent with another aspect of the invention, dynamic modification to a heartbeat parameter may be implemented by configuring a first, sending node to send a heartbeat message to a second, receiving node, with the heartbeat message indicating that a heartbeat parameter is to be modified. Then, modification of the heartbeat parameter in the first node may be deferred until receipt of an acknowledgment message sent from the second node to the first node that indicates that the heartbeat parameter has been modified in the second node.
These and other advantages and features, which characterize the invention, are set forth in the claims annexed hereto and forming a further part hereof. However, for a better understanding of the invention, and of the advantages and objectives attained through its use, reference should be made to the Drawings, and to the accompanying descriptive matter, in which there is described exemplary embodiments of the invention.
The embodiments described hereinafter utilize a distributed protocol to ensure efficient and reliable modification of cluster communication parameters with little or no effect on system availability. Turning to the Drawings, wherein like numbers denote like parts throughout the several views,
Now turning to
Node 10 generally includes one or more system processors 12 coupled to a main storage 14 through one or more levels of cache memory disposed within a cache system 16. Furthermore, main storage 14 is coupled to a number of types of external devices via a system input/output (I/O) bus 18 and a plurality of interface devices, e.g., an input/output adaptor 20, a workstation controller 22 and a storage controller 24, which respectively provide external access to one or more external networks (e.g., a cluster network 11), one or more workstations 28, and/or one or more storage devices such as a direct access storage device (DASD) 30. Any number of alternate computer architectures may be used in the alternative.
As shown in
Generally, IP/physical layer component 40 provides an industry standard communications stack and physical interface with a network. UDP component 42 provides a packet transmission protocol, and CC component 44 provides support for reliable multicast clustering communication services, e.g., as discussed in greater detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/280,469, filed by Block et al. on Mar. 30, 1999, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.
CTS component 46 monitors the network topology of a clustered computer system, and stores information such as the layout of nodes, the specifications of network interconnects between nodes, the geographical locations of nodes, and node status information. CLUE component 48 provides a distributed ordered group messaging service. It is also within CLUE component 44 and CTS component 46 that much of the low level cluster communication parameters and the support routines for dynamically and locally modifying such parameters consistent with the invention is implemented.
CCTL component 50 manages the configuration and activation of clustering on a node, typically supporting various cluster initialization and node management operations suitable for managing a clustered environment. It is also within this layer that coordination of dynamic modifications by multiple nodes via the herein-described distributed parameter modification protocol is provided.
Cluster resilient group manager component 52 synchronously maintains copies of group membership status information across the cluster, while library component 54 provides other support services for a cluster. Clustering API component 56 provides the external interface to the underlying clustering functionality via jobs/applications 58. Among the functionality supported is that of dynamic cluster communication protocol modifications, managed for example by a cluster manager application 60 that provides the user interface whereby a user such as a systems administrator can initiate the modification of cluster communication parameters.
The discussion hereinafter will focus on the specific routines utilized to implement the above-described dynamic cluster communication parameter modification functionality. The routines executed to implement the embodiments of the invention, whether implemented as part of an operating system or a specific application, component, program, object, module or sequence of instructions, will also be referred to herein as "computer programs," or simply "programs." The computer programs typically comprise one or more instructions that are resident at various times in various memory and storage devices in a computer, and that, when read and executed by one or more processors in a computer, cause that computer to perform the steps necessary to execute steps or elements embodying the various aspects of the invention. Moreover, while the invention has and hereinafter will be described in the context of fully functioning computers and computer systems, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various embodiments of the invention are capable of being distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, and that the invention applies equally regardless of the particular type of signal bearing media used to actually carry out the distribution. Examples of signal bearing media include but are not limited to recordable type media such as volatile and nonvolatile memory devices, floppy and other removable disks, hard disk drives, optical disks (e.g., CD-ROM's, DVD's, etc.), among others, and transmission type media such as digital and analog communication links.
It will be appreciated that various programs described hereinafter may be identified based upon the application for which they are implemented in a specific embodiment of the invention. However, it should be appreciated that any particular program nomenclature that follows is used merely for convenience, and thus the invention should not be limited to use solely in any specific application identified and/or implied by such nomenclature.
Turning now to
The term "local", as used herein, generally refers to the scope of a particular node in a clustered computer system, whereby if a particular action occurs locally, that action is typically implemented directly within and on behalf of a particular node. It will also be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that not all nodes in a clustered computer system need necessarily participate in a cluster communication parameter modification. Only those nodes that are affected by a modification, e.g., where a local value for a particular parameter is updated in response to a modification request, or where modifications made to one node are required to be known by another node, need participate in the herein-described distributed protocol.
Moreover, a wide variety of cluster communication parameters may be modified using the herein-described protocol. For example, much of the discussion hereinafter will focus on the modification of heartbeat parameters used to confirm the liveliness of interconnections between nodes in a cluster, e.g., heartbeat message time out, heartbeat acknowledgment message time out, heartbeat frequency or interval, heartbeat failure threshold, heartbeat acknowledgment failure threshold, receive/send timer ratio, etc. Other appropriate communication parameters include, for example, maximum fragment sizes, message retry timer value, maximum message retry time, send queue overflow threshold, message send window size, etc. It will be appreciated that for many parameters local changes may not affect other nodes, and as such, the need for a distributed protocol as discussed herein may not be as great for modifying some types of parameters. It will also be appreciated that practically any conceivable form of cluster communication parameter may be dynamically modified in the general manner discussed herein.
At Step B2, the parameter(s) to be modified may be checked for validity and conformance with any range limitations established for the system. Then, in Step B3, every affected node is notified of the request via multicasting of a notify message to all affected nodes.
Subsequent to the multicast, each node participates in an acknowledgment (ACK) round as illustrated at step 4, whereby every node transmits an ACK message to every other node to indicate its receipt of the multicast dynamic parameter modification request.
By virtue of the localized tracking of ACK messages within each node during the ACK round, each node is then capable of confirming that each affected node has in fact received the modification request. Thus, at Steps A5, B5 and C5, each of Nodes A, B & C calls a local, and often lower level (e.g., the CTS and/or CC components of
Upon completion of the local modification routines, each node typically knows the result, or completed status, of its local routine. As a result, in a subsequent ACK round at Step 6, each node may be configured to multicast its result information to every other affected node such that, at the completion of the second ACK round, each node has sufficient information to determine the status of every other affected node. Consequently, based upon the results obtained by each node, Steps A7, B7 and C7 may need to be performed to back out, or "undo," any changes made to particular nodes when the same changes were not successfully made to other nodes in the clustering environment. However, since each node typically receives result, or status, information as a result of the second ACK round, each node is also able to locally determine whether any such undo operations are required without resort to additional communications between nodes.
Routine 70 begins in block 72 by checking the parameters in the manner discussed above in connection with Step B2 above. Next, block 74 determines whether the check was successftul. If so, control passes to block 76 to build and send a "notify" message to all affected nodes (here also including the initiating node) and thereby "kick-off" the protocol. Upon completion of block 76, block 78 determines whether the overall action was successful or not—i.e., whether any node in the cluster failed to process the request. If successful, control passes to block 80 to return an "OK" status and terminate the routine. If not successful, or if the parameter check determined the call to have any errors, control is passed to block 82 to return a "failed" result and terminate the routine.
Routine 100 begins in block 102 by multicasting an ACK message to indicate local receipt of the initiation request by the node. Control then passes to block 104 to wait for all ACK messages to be received from all affected nodes. If the ACK round is not successful (e.g., if one or more nodes do not timely respond), routine 100 terminates. Otherwise, control 108 performs a call to a lower level clustering service that performs the local parameter modification on behalf of the node (here the CTS and/or CLUE components).
In the illustrated embodiment, the local parameter modification call is synchronous, and thus the process running routine 100 is held while the local modification is being processed. Upon completion of the local modification, status information is returned to routine 100, and the routine is released.
Block 110 then determines whether the call was successful or not, e.g., via conventional return of status information by the lower level routine. If so, control passes to block 112 to multicast an ACK message, and then to block 114 to wait for all other ACK messages to be received. If not, control passes from block 110 to block 116 to multicast a no acknowledgment (NACK) message indicating that the request failed on that node, and then to block 114 to wait for messages from any remaining active nodes in the system.
Next, block 114 passes control to block 118 to determine whether the ACK round was successful, i.e., whether an ACK message was received from every affected node indicating that the node was able to successfully modify the parameter. If so, routine 100 is complete. If, on the other hand, the ACK round indicated a failure (e.g., in response to receipt of a NACK message, or the time out of one or more nodes without sending any ACK message in a predetermined time period), control passes to block 120 to call the appropriate low level routine to essentially "undo" the local modification made on the node. Thus, by virtue of the localized determination of node status within each interconnected node, it can be ensured without substantial synchronization among nodes that a requested modification will be processed on all affected nodes.
Undoing an operation may be performed in a number of manners consistent with the invention. For example, previous parameter values may be maintained so that a second modification operation could be performed to replace the new values with the previous values. In the alternative, modifications may be effected through a two-step process, whereby modifications are first made temporarily and then permanent.
Other modifications will become apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
As discussed above, one example of a local cluster communication parameter modification operation for the herein-described dynamic modification functionality is that of a heartbeat parameter modification operation. A heartbeat parameter in this context may include various parameters including but not limited to time out thresholds for receiving heartbeat messages and/or heartbeat acknowledgment (ACK) messages, the number of missed messages and/or ACK messages required to trigger a failure detection, the frequency (interval) of heartbeat messages, the number of new messages required to recognize that a node is alive, the ratio of send messages to receive messages, the precision of the heartbeat interval, and other parameters as is well known in the art. It will be appreciated that the herein-described protocol may be capable of modifying parameters that are purely local in nature (i.e., do not require any synchronization between nodes), as well as those that are global in nature (i.e., require some degree of synchronization), as will become more apparent from the discussion below.
As discussed above, the modification of global-type heartbeat parameters presents a potential concern insofar as some degree of coordination or synchronization may be required to ensure that inadvertent failure detections, or inadvertent non-failure detections, do not occur as a result of a local modification on one node that has not yet been handled on another node. Given the asynchronous nature of the various nodes in a cluster, some degree of coordination is require to ensure that local modification operations on each node are performed in a proper order, if the order of such operations can vary the coordinated operation of the cluster.
For example, the specific parameter used by way of example in the discussion hereinafter is the heartbeat interval at which heartbeat messages are sent between a sending node to a receiving node. Consider a sending node that is configured to send a heartbeat message every 3 seconds, and a receiving node that expects the heartbeat message based on this interval, and that declares the sending node failed if a message is not received in that interval. Should no coordination exist between the sending and receiving nodes, changing the interval to a longer value, e.g., 6 seconds, could cause the receiving node to declare the sending node failed if the interval value in the sending node was modified, the sending node started operating at the longer interval, before the value was modified on the receiving node. Such potential problems also exist with a number of other heartbeat parameters, in particular the ratio of send heartbeat messages to receive heartbeat messages.
To address these concerns, the illustrated embodiments perform local operations in a coordinated fashion based on synchronization information passed within the heartbeat messages and heartbeat ACK messages sent between the nodes.
In particular,
Thus, as shown in
Therefore, assuming first that the update heartbeat parameter request has not yet been received by Node U, the indicator in the heartbeat ACK message returned by Node U to Node D will not be set, and as such, performance of the local modification on Node D will be deferred.
Assuming then that at a later time (which may be prior to a next heartbeat cycle or after any number of heartbeat cycles), Node U does finally receive the upbeat heartbeat parameter request (Step U3), as a component of processing the request, the receive logic in Node U will set a pending change request flag at Step U4. Thereafter, as illustrated by Step D5, when a next heartbeat message is sent by Node D (with the indicator still set), Node U will set its local value for the heartbeat parameter and return a heartbeat ACK message with the indicator set to indicate that the local modification has been completed on Node U (Step U6). Thereafter, upon receipt of the heartbeat ACK message, Node D will recognize that the local modification on Node U is complete, and thus the modification may be made on Node D (Step U7). As such, both Node D and Node U are updated in a reliable and coordinated fashion.
Routine 140 begins in block 142 by determining whether a pending change flag is set, indicating that a heartbeat parameter change is already in progress. If not, control passes to block 144 to set the pending change flag. Next, block 146 determines whether synchronization is required to update the parameter at issue. As discussed above, certain parameters may be local and not require coordination with other nodes, while others may be global and require such coordination. Moreover, even for some global parameters, certain changes may not require synchronization, whereby coordinated modification as disclosed herein may not be required. It is therefore envisioned that block 146 may be configured to make either or both of these determinations.
As an example of a global parameter that may not always require synchronization, for the aforementioned global-type heartbeat interval parameter, changing the interval to a longer time period often requires synchronization since a receiving node that has not already been updated may declare a sending node failed if heartbeat messages are sent at the longer interval, and that longer interval exceeds the threshold where the receiving node declares the sending node as failed. On the other hand, changing the interval to a shorter time period typically does not require synchronization—a receiving node will simply receive heartbeat messages at a greater rate that is still below the threshold that would trigger a failure declaration.
Returning to block 146, assuming first that synchronization is not required, control passes to block 148 to set the local value of the heartbeat parameter for the node. Control then passes to block 150 to reset the pending change flag to indicate completion of the change operation. Next, block 152 unblocks the task that called routine 140. Routine 140 is then complete.
Returning again to block 146, if it is determined that synchronization is required routine 140 is complete, although it should be appreciated that the task that called the routine is still blocked (see block 108 of
Returning now to block 142, if the pending change flag is already set, it is assumed that a previous pending change has been interrupted, and that it is desirable to rollback the heartbeat parameter to its previous state. As such, control passes to block 154 to rollback the heartbeat parameter and thereby undo the modification. Control then passes to blocks 150 and 152 to reset the pending change flag and unblock the calling task. Routine 140 is then complete.
If the flag is not set (indicating that the request has not yet been received), control passes to block 186 to clear the CHGREQBIT indicator in the heartbeat message record for the receiving node. Block 188 then sends the heartbeat acknowledgment message to the downstream node with the indicator cleared to indicate that this node has not yet made the local modification. Routine 180 is then complete.
Returning to block 184, if the pending change flag is set, control passes to block 190 to set the local value of the heartbeat parameter. Control then passes to block 192 to set the CHGREQBIT indicator in the heartbeat message record for the receiving node. Block 188 then sends the heartbeat acknowledgment message to the downstream node with the indicator set to indicate that this node has made the local modification. Routine 180 is then complete.
Also, returning to block 182, if the CHGREQBIT indicator in the received heartbeat message is not set, control passes directly to block 188 to send the heartbeat acknowledgment message in a conventional manner. Routine 180 is then complete.
Once a heartbeat acknowledgment message with a set indicator is received, however, the local operation on the receiving node is complete, so block 212 can pass control to block 216 to determine whether the pending change flag is set on the local node. If not (indicating that the local node is not currently processing a local modification operation), control passes to block 214 to process the heartbeat acknowledgment message in a conventional manner. If the flag is set, however, control passes to block 218 to set the local value of the heartbeat parameter for the node. Block 220 then resets the pending change flag to indicate the local operation is complete, and block 222 unblocks the task that called the update heartbeat parameter routine, and routine 210 is complete.
Therefore, it may be seen that through the coordinated fashion in which heartbeat parameters are modified, modifications may be distributed among nodes in a distributed manner, yet without risk of incoherent results among different nodes. As a consequence, the reliability issues that are of predominant importance in clustering environments are satisfied.
Various modifications will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, the invention lies in the claims hereinafter appended.
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|Cluster architecture having a star topology with centralized services
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|Oct 20, 2005
|Microsoft Corporation
|Method, system, and apparatus for enabling near real time collaboration on an electronic document through a plurality of computer systems
|Aug 31, 2005
|Mar 22, 2007
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Heterogenous high availability cluster manager
|Aug 22, 2007
|Dec 13, 2007
|International Business Machines Corporation
|System and method for monitoring the functionality of network interfaces
|Nov 22, 2006
|Dec 20, 2007
|Oshkosh Truck Corporation
|Vision system for an autonomous vehicle
|Jul 20, 2006
|Feb 7, 2008
|Howe Karen N
|Targeted advertising for playlists based upon search queries
|Jan 5, 2007
|Jul 10, 2008
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Method for a heartbeat algorithm for a dynamically changing network environment
|May 16, 2008
|Mar 26, 2009
|Oshkosh Corporation
|Vehicle diagnostics based on information communicated between vehicles
|Oct 17, 2008
|May 7, 2009
|Viasat, Inc.
|Methods and systems for performing tcp throttle
|Nov 28, 2007
|May 28, 2009
|Davidson Mark E
|Methods, systems, and computer program products for performing ip link proving using heartbeat messages
|Dec 21, 2009
|Jun 3, 2010
|Seiko Epson Corporation
|Image display device and method of communicating with an image display device over a network
|Sep 15, 2009
|Aug 5, 2010
|Fujitsu Limited
|Computer-readable recording medium storing software update command program, software update command method, and information processing device
|Nov 10, 2010
|Mar 3, 2011
|Aol Inc.
|Method of collecting data using an embedded media player page
|Apr 14, 2010
|Apr 7, 2011
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Communication apparatus, communication method therefor, program, and storage medium
|Jun 2, 2011
|Jan 5, 2012
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Information processing system, information processing apparatus, control methods therefor, and computer programs
|Dec 3, 2010
|Jun 7, 2012
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Dynamic Rate Heartbeating for Inter-Node Status Updating
|Mar 21, 2012
|Aug 9, 2012
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Dynamic rate heartbeating for inter-node status updating
|Apr 26, 2012
|Oct 31, 2013
|Alcatel-Lurent USA Inc.
|Method and system for dynamic scaling in a cloud environment
|Oct 26, 2012
|Dec 19, 2013
|Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
|Data polling method and digital instrumentation and control system for atomic power plant using the method
|Sep 9, 2013
|Mar 12, 2015
|Vmware, Inc.
|System and method for managing configuration of virtual switches in a virtual machine network
|Oct 22, 2013
|Oct 1, 2015
|Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for negotiating "keep-alive" message frequencies of applications running on a mobile station
|Jan 15, 2013
|Jan 1, 2014
|Data polling method and digital instrumentation and control system for atomic power plant using the method
|Jan 15, 2013
|Mar 9, 2016
|Jan 20, 2009
|Jul 21, 2010
|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
|Method for operating a communication network and communication device
|U.S. Classification
|709/228, 709/204, 709/232, 709/205, 709/221, 709/248
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 23, 2000
Owner name: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION, NEW Y
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BLOCK, TIMOTHY ROY;THAYIB, KISWANTO;REEL/FRAME:011270/0417
Effective date: 20001018
|Apr 17, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Aug 16, 2013
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Oct 11, 2013
|Surcharge for late payment
Year of fee payment: 7
|Oct 11, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Aug 11, 2017
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed


text:
Search Results for:
Gay gets into Players after FedEx Cup points discrepancy
Damon Hack is joined by Brian Gay, who received an exemption into The Players Championship after pointing out a FedEx Cup points discrepancy with his medical extension.
Monday Scramble: (Don't) Slow your roll
Team play proved a hit but slow play and slow pay dominated the week in golf, from penalties to playoffs and finally to payoffs.
Golfing World: Poulter talks PGA Tour points snafu
Ian Poulter talks about his resurgent performance at the Players Championship and how an improbable turn of events extended his PGA Tour playing rights.
Poulter keeps card after Tour recalibrates points
Ian Poulter actually will keep his card after the Tour recalibrated the FedEx Cup points structure for players competing on major medical extensions.
MD Headlines: Poulter keeps card for remainder of season
Chantel McCabe brings you the headlines from the world of golf.
Poulter (71) making most of reclaimed card
Two weeks ago, Ian Poulter thought he lost his PGA Tour card. Now, he's making the most of the error through three rounds of The Players.
Christmas comes early for Gay and Poulter
Thanks to Brian Gay's persistence (and math skills), he secured a spot in the Players Championship and saved Ian Poulter's season.
Poulter goes from lost card to contending at Players
Three weeks ago, Ian Poulter thought he was out of a PGA Tour card. Now he enters the third round of The Players Championship firmly in contention.
Burkowski: Players will find a different Harbour Town
Steve Burkowski gets player reaction to how Harbour Town Golf Links has changed after surviving Hurricane Matthew.
Excitement building for Diamond Resorts Invitational
Brian Gay, Johnny Damon and A.J. Pierzynski talk to the press at media day for the Diamond Resorts Invitational, which airs live on Golf Channel January 14-16, 2016.

subset: commoncrawl


text: For the princess to be, a beautiful banner to welcome the new little girl. Banner panels are done in gold metallic paper with gold and black shimmer paper overlay in an intricate lace cut. Letters are also 2 layers in black with gold shadowing and are raised for a 3D effect. A pretty rosette with butterfly is used for the word separator. Banner panels are 41/2" wide and letters are approximately 21/2" high. Banner can read Baby Shower , It's A Girl, Welcome Baby or Sweet Baby. Have your own wording? Just contact me for pricing. Would also making a pretty banner for a bridal shower or wedding. Just contact me with desired wording. Please allow 10-14 days for order processing. If a rush, please contact me before ordering. Banner will be shipped via priority mail with tracking.


text:
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text: Hey guys. My roommate is purchasing a new jeep and has these parts that he pulled off before hand. A set of rotors (slotted and cross-drilled) brand new still in boxes. Asking 180$ Also a front Grill guard with PIAA fogs. Can seperate if someone wants just one. Make a good offer. Thanks!


text:
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Designed for lounging, this hooded sleep sweater is versatile enough to be worn as an everyday piece as well. Soft cotton/acrylic/polyster/spandex yarns with mixed-stitch texture on the hood, sleeves, and twin front pockets.
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Review Summaryby PowerReviews
Best Uses
Reviewed by 238 customers
Displaying reviews 1-4
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Best Uses
Comments about Women|Tops|Sweaters Women's Sleep Sweater Hooded Cardigan:
I love this sweater! A lot of people have mentioned pilling but I never had that problem! I bought this sweater in Heather Grey last year and I use it frequently when I am traveling! I wanted red as well but the original price ($80) was a little too excessive to have two. I'm excited to see it back again this year. The sizing is just a little larger than I would like but otherwise, I love it!
Comments about Women|Tops|Sweaters Women's Sleep Sweater Hooded Cardigan:
Very soft and cozy!!
Comments about Women|Tops|Sweaters Women's Sleep Sweater Hooded Cardigan:
I love that it has pockets. It is such a Comfy sweater.
Best Uses
Comments about Women|Tops|Sweaters Women's Sleep Sweater Hooded Cardigan:
This is my all-time favorite everyday sweater. I've worn it for a robe, day casual, swim coverup, fireside snuggles, barre class hoodie. I normally don't like slouchy looks but this sweater somehow conforms to your curves while remaining comfy.
It DOES pill after several washings, so one needs to be careful how he/she launders. I would hand wash or put it on gentle cycle, then line dry and then put in dryer for a few minutes to soften it up.
I unfortunately lost this item while traveling so I'm happy to see they are back in stock!
Displaying reviews 1-4
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text:
Latest News
26 Reasons why traineeships workA Workplace Traineeship is an arrangement between the employer and the employee that allows the employee to complete a nationally recognised qualification on the job. The majority of industry, and in particular business owners regard traineeships as an integral part... read more
The next generation of hospitality professionalsRegistered Training Organisation Tubal are again excited about the new school year, and the opportunities that students have in front of them for a career in the hospitality industry. With summer holidays behind us for 2017, we see the roll out of our School Based... read more
Tubal selected as an Approved DelegateIn what is a great recognition for our quality and standards of training delivery and assessment, Tubal is proud to have recently been appointed as a 'Delegate' by the national regulator for vocational education and training – ASQA. The delegate... read more
Tubal exhibits at National Caravan Industry ConferenceTubal was again proud to sponsor the 2016 National Caravan Industry Association of Australia conference at Jupiter's Hotel and Casino on the Gold Coast in May. This years' conference saw well over 600 delegates from all over Australia and New Zealand come... read more
Tubal now delivering Tourism and Events qualificationsTubal is proud to announce that we will now be offering the brand new Tourism and Events qualifications in addition to our already highly regarded suite of Hospitality, business and management courses that are continuing to gain recognition around the country. With... read more
Over 90% student completion rateMore than 90% of the workplace trainees and learners that enrol with Tubal complete their qualifications or courses according to 2014 and 2015 statistics. At Tubal, we are extremely proud to boast that over 90% of the learners that enrol in qualifications,... read more
Tubal introduces new Rewards ProgramThe Team at Tubal are excited to introduce in 2016 our new Rewards Program aimed at reducing the cost of our training services for those clients who regularly use our services. Tubal has been providing training services throughout Western Australia since 1988, and... read more
Tubal congratulates all 2015 Gold Plate Award winnersTubal proudly supports excellence in the Hospitality industry, and to that end are excited again to be a major sponsor of The Gold Plate Awards in 2015. A gala dinner at the Perth Convention and exhibition centre on Monday night saw a host of the industry's best... read more
Tubal joins BIG4 Centre of ExcellenceAs part of BIG4 Holiday Parks National Conference in Canberra this week, Tubal has been unveiled as the preferred training provider of the BIG4 group. The arrangement sees Tubal become part of the 'BIG4 Centre of Excellence' in which a number of providers from... read more
Swimming Pool Management
WA Department of Health Regulations require that the Operator of a Group 3 or 4 Aquatic Facility (ie. swimming pool) hold these Group of Competencies delivered by an approved Aquatic Facility Training Program, such as Tubal.read more


text:
Neuropathy Recovery
My name is Don, I have a neuropathy for twenty plus years. I am not a diabetic a have little back injury, problem with feet tangling, stabbing pains shooting up through my toes cramping up and then the cabs. Can't sleep with any sheet or anything like that on my feet.
I have eight treatments my left foot is getting close to be a normal. And the right one is probably filthy to sixty percent better that it was. I haven't falling in the last couple months.
The balance is also improved.


text:
adambeau said: I have windows loaded onto all 3 drives and yesterday prior to windows booting up it told me something was wrong with one of my drives and it needed to run a scan or whatever.
Dereck47 said: Have Windows on your Samsung 830. Make sure the drive is in AHCI mode in your motherboard BIOS. You can "Quick" format the other 2 drives to NTFS.
adambeau said: i will reinstall windows on the samsung 830 and you just want me to right click the ocz drive an look for an option to format into NTFS?


text:
30th Global Excellence Awards 2017
Philinter Education Center received an award as the Best English Language Learning School in the 30th Global Excellence Awards which is organized by Asia Pacific Council as an international recognition on world-class corporate product based on global features and quality. It was held last March 18, 2017 at The Pinnacle Hotel in Davao City. Ms. Jenny Chung, the general manager received the award on behalf of the school.


text: We hear a lot about how unfair the BCS system is when an arguably superior team is snubbed in favor of a weaker opponent, but as the AFC playoff picture rounds into focus, it appears that an 11-5 team may miss the playoffs in favor of an 8-8 team. Where is Mr. Obama's outrage? Well, nobody would be outraged because the 11-5 team is the Patriots, and everybody hates them. And I'm obviously (I hope) being facetious about adopting a BCS like system for the NFL, but my point is that there are flaws in every system and to focus only on those distorts the issue so that ridiculous words like "unconscionable" enter into the discussion of the snubbing of a college football team. "Unconscionable" are genocides, terrorist attacks, and the city of Philadelphia. Let's not bring the Longhorns into this. Did you know that a congressman (Rep. Joe Barton, if you care) from Texas (of course) is spearheading legislation that would OUTLAW the BCS? I swear to Jacobs, I'm not making this up. Of course, it doesn't stipulate what the BCS should be replaced with, except that the term "National Championship Game" is illegal if used to describe a game who's participants are determined by anything other than a playoff system. What the playoff system looks like, however, is undefined. The bill is being co-sponsored by another Texas congressman as well as one from Illinois. Is this really all these guys have to worry about? I'm not some idealist who thinks that they should be devoting all of their time to solving world hunger or furthering peace accords in foreign countries, but I'm sure there are more practical things these guys could be focusing on - like solving the "Philadelphia Problem."


text:
Long story short, Google knows how to run a pretty big network, given that it's running both its own branded services, Android and YouTube. By sharing its know-how, it's expected that the networks can cut costs on hardware and be faster to implement new features. Google uses innovations like YouTube's Smart Offline, that trickle-downloads clips overnight when data costs drop, as one such example.
It's also another step towards becoming an infrastructure provider for a much bigger chunk of the world's services. After all, Google already runs its own fiber business, as well as a burgeoning mobile network in the form of Project Fi. The search engine is also contributing to an open-source project to improve cloud computing, CORD. That puts it alongside other heavy-hitters like AT&T, China Unicom, NTT and Verizon.
منبع مطلب : https://www.engadget.com/2017/02/28/google-will-help-mobile-carriers-run-their-networks-better/


text:
This is a wonderful pair of dangle oval shape metal earrings. The background is black enamel with wonderful splash of red, yellow, blue, green and white. They are copper color screw back style. The measurements are 1 1/4 inches long by 3/4 inch wide. The dangle earring has a 1 7/8 inch drop. Very good vintage condition. These earrings will go with so many different color outfits.
Another shopper has this item in their Cart or Wish List .
Offering a fine eclectic array of antiques, vintage jewelry and collectibles.
Exciting new items arriving every week. Great value and great customer service.


text:
Carbide sales center ahead of Beijing The company was founded in 2003, over the years the Company adhere to customer first, quality-oriented principle. The main products are carbide tool and carbide powder two broad categories. Carbide are: welding Cutter, CNC blade, geological mining, drawing dies, grinding milling insert, alloy sheet metal bar. Alloy blades, alloy milling cutter, drill bits and so on. According to user needs and the production of a variety of special carbide tools. Powder are as follows: the metal tungsten, tungsten carbide. Diamond powder. Tungsten powder. At the same time, a variety of waste collection alloy head, alloy mold. Tungsten steel scrap wood. High-speed steel, milling and so on. ???? The company honored the contract, by the vast numbers of new users. Products are exported to all over the country, all staff will be "quality first, users first" purpose with customers both at home and abroad to create brilliant.
Contact person:Mr.Chou
Country:China (Mainland)
Street address: 106 South Road Beijing and justice on the 11th ranked West Hardware
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text:
To James Madison from Thomas Melville, 24 October 1815
24 October 1815
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
The Berkshire Agricultural Society for the promotion of AGRICULTURE and MANUFACTURES, admitted His Excellency James Madison of Washington on the twenty fourth day of October A.D. 1815, into the said Society, and granted him all the rights and privileges of a Member thereof.
In Testimony of which, their Seal is hereto affixed.
Th Melvill Jr President
William C. Jarvis Recording Secretary


text: > >Why are you trying to _raise_ your pH? Your plants would do >better > at a lower pH, and were probably able to out compete the >algae until > you did this to them. > > When I inherited the tank, the ph was around 5 and the water had no > detectable hardness. The pH went up as I got the water hardness up. > > I'd like the pH to get back down to 7, but I'm not happy with having an > unbuffered/no hardness tank. I suspect (hope?) the pH will drift back > down over time. This may sound like a dumb question, but how does a tank have a pH? That is, if you've changed the water at all since you inherited the tank, the pH and hardness should match your tap water. It's very unusual to have tap water at a pH of 5 because that risks wearing away the pipes. If your water source is a pH of 5, then you can try placing shells in the tank where water would move over them. Shells or coral gravel, the right quantity, can keep a low pH tank at a steady 7.0 and raise hardness. If your water's pH is dropping because of some feature of the tank that you inherited with the tank--substrate, ...--then change that and you'll be better off than playing with the water chemistry. Greg. Tong San Francisco, CA, USA gtong at sirius_com "Every infinity is composed of only two halves."


text:
Central Alabama Community College biology major requirements
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Learn about Central Alabama Community College biology major requirements, and registering for elective lectures. Which college degrees give you the best chances of finding employment after graduation? There are accredited nursing certificate programs that can help launch your career, performing a variety of medical services within a hospital setting. Concentrating on Central Alabama Community College biology major requirements, for example, you may gain an advantage in job recruiting on-campus. Check with the biological science department for course registration deadlines, and life science program requirements. Please use the form above to request admissions info for Central Alabama Community College.
Biology is one of the original natural sciences, even reaching back as far as the study of anatomy in ancient Egypt, where evidence has been found of surgery, forensics, and anatomical knowledge of both organ structure and function. Biology in general is the study of life and living organisms, with specific attention to function, growth, evolution, identification and taxonomy. Modern biology is becoming an interdisciplinary field, overlapping with biomedical engineering, molecular chemistry, and genetics. The biological sciences recognize the cell as the basic unit of life, and DNA as the basic unit of heredity. Moreover, all organisms survive by consuming and transforming energy via respiration or photosynthesis, and by regulating their internal environment via homeostasis.
The life sciences are defined by the scale at which organisms are studied, in that biochemistry focuses on chemical processes of life while molecular biology involves molecules and protein synthesis. Cellular biology may be broken down further into a structural analysis of cell organelles and lipid membrane boundries, such as in skin tissue or alveolar sacs in the lungs. In the field of genetic engineering, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) may be spliced together from different organisms, in an attempt to transfer hereditary traits that may increase crop yields, create a supply of stem-cells, or even clone sheep. Beyond major requirements within the biological science department, you may consider SUNY Ulster ultrasound program as a complementary elective to your primary course of study.
RN BU - Interventional Radiology
Menorah Medical Center
Must hold a current license from the Kansas Board of Nursing. Graduate from an accredited school of nursing with either an ADN or BSN degree..
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Under direct supervision of the provider and nursing leadership, performs a variety of administrative and clinical tasks to assist in the quality and..
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text: some might say that ayaan hirsi ali is intolerant and is to blame for hollands' fall from the disney land of europe to a hotbed of populism and xenophobia. that would only be partially true. as the foundation had already been lain by the success of the homosexual dutch populist pim fortuyn, who was killed by a dutch animal rights activist in the early 00s. given that ayaan hirsi ali is black and coupled with her being a recovering muslim, gives her criticism of the religion a certain weight, which maybe it should not have. why is she an expert on a particular religion? is it because she was raised in it. having grown up attending a christian church, does this make a person an expert on christianity? isn't that why the clergy exists. at least the ones who actually hold a college degree in religious studies. now ali (not to be confused with mohammad ali) is on a quest to take down the southern poverty law center. the SPLC is a civil right organization that tracks intolerance and hate in the united states. according to her editorial in the new york times, she's a bit pissed that the SPLC has put her on their hate group list. given that she has the right to say what she wants to about anyone as long as she is not inciting violence, the SPLC has the right to add her to a list of what they perceive as intolerant people. does she have the right to sue them? probably not. but her partner in arms in the UK, according to the BBC's Hardtalk has decided to pursue this route. the first amendment in the US is not about picking and chosing what you like or don't like. and as richard cohen says in the Hardtalk interview below, even the alt-right have the right to march in the US because the law allows it. and there are those who believe it is easier to deal with issues that are above ground than those that are below ground and opens up the opportunity of an intellectual debate. whether or not one agrees with the marchers is a completely different issue. the SPLC serves a useful purpose. their website is like a whose who of hate in the US. it is of course the PoV of the people who work at SPLC but they seemingly endeavour to backup their PoV with facts. it is up to the reader to decide whether or not he or she agrees with the SPLC.


text:
Guess I'll put this up here because I don't know a better place.
I have finally sat down and rewritten parts of waifu.pl. Expect website speed/stability improvements, as well as a new FTP server which will fix literally everything. It should be up by tomorrow.
For now, I've set up a band-aid which will let you access the FTP again until that's done. Sorry for the long wait, folks.
You might want to find me on IRC. I THINK I have fixed it, but I'm not sure what you mean exactly - and posting here, despite the low user count, would not be wise.
Sorry, I don't know anything about XSS, I just know one of my friends saw that it was extremely exploitable and demonstrated by completely altering one of the waifu shrines. But if you've got it fixed then that's good.
Alright, waifu.pl has been updated. Hopefully the FTP finally works for you folks. Have fun.
Thanks for your hard work.
it's going to be our one year anniversary in December. i plan to take my life then. i won't live without her anymore. i don't know what awaits after death, but i'm going to end it with a smile on my face, and hope to see her if i awake.
Says the guy who practically said told OP to 'an hero for being such a faggot'
I didn't said that wth, the only post ITT that is mine is the "we are all going to hell" one!
I would never say such things to anyone, I am much more prone to bash myself than anyone else.
Oh. Oh, no, wait, sorry, I see, you were saying 'GO BACK TO 4CHAN' for that kinda 'LOL AN HERO FAGGOT' response to OP.
That second post wasnt serious, though, it was calling the first poster a scumbag who should really be the one to kill themself. The japanese is a 2ch meme where a phrase meaning 'You can go' has a character replaced with the one for 'die'.
Do you have anything you want to improve on for her this upcoming year?
I hope to get a bodypillow this year, I've been money and the company that made her may stop selling them, due too her being from an eroge. I also plan on going to WallMart and printing a few images (if I'm not too embarased) and framing them.
I feel you fellow Asukafag. Was going to respond way earlier. The ennui seems to be at an all time high.
I didn't really have any New Year Resolutions. Thinking about it now though, I would say it's the resolution I've always had: to love her more and more every day.
To concentrate on learning Japanese (so I can read my beloved's series in its original language), to continue to work on some creative projects for him and keep up my fitness.
December's come around again, so now is a good a time as any to start this year's Christmas thread.
How is the gift buying coming along for your waifu? Got any special plans this year?
I'm a bit stumped this year to be honest, I'll have to have a look around and see what I can buy in town, when I get the time to. I've already bought her chocolates, as per tradition, but I'd like to buy her at least one more thing.
I finally had an idea for what to get her. I ordered it online the other day, it should arrive in the next few days. There's a couple of other things I want to get as well for the night of Christmas Eve/Day, but those can be easily bought.
Also, since I've fortunately got Christmas Eve off work I can spend some more time with her on the Thursday. Maybe we could have our first proper Christmas date together, we'll see.
A little late to post here, but better late than never. Merry Christmas, /mai/!
I got Windows Internals 5th Edition. I could just read a PDF, but, I didn't feel complete without it. It's definitely something for both of us.
Merry Christmas!
Nagisa is 31 now!
Happy birthday!
I've seen many interesting and appealing characters. They were prettier and more clever than Nagisa. But at the end, I always understood, that Nagisa is one and only.Post edited on 24th Dec 2015, 12:33pm
Happy Birthday, Nagisa!
Happy birthday.
I still remember you dearly.
Happy birthday!
Happy Birthday!
So I've been having a bit of a problem for a while now.
It started a few years ago (give or take) when I noticed danbooru changed Tohno Minagi's name to 'Toono Minagi'.
I looked around and found a single small thread on their forums related to it that claimed the change was due to new standards in romanization.
I briefly spoke to a somewhat dismissive mod who's stance on the matter was essentially "we don't give a fuck what the offical name is, we'll call them whatever we want." That's not an exact quot, but it basically sums up the situation.
Obviously there wasn't much I could do about this (but if I had the means to do so I'd totally DDoS them to hell and back till they fix it.)
A while latter Gelbooru changed the name too. Unlike on danbooru I was able to go over every single image and manually change them back. Some time passed and I found it was changed back again, so I manually edited every image again. Last I checked they renamed some but left some alone.
Then less than a year ago (I think) I found out that MAL changed her name too.
I've tried submitting edits to her page countless times now and they've always been ignored apparently. Last night I noticed for the first time they had a space for leaving a reason behind the edit and so I did with some other information on her I noticed was missing. This morning I found they added in the extra info I added (but reformatted it) yet didn't change the name issue. Bellow is the exact message I sent with the edit.
"The character's name is 'Tohno', not 'Toono'.
Message too long. Click here to view the full text.
But in this case the ugly romanization is nihon-shiki, not hepburn.
That romanisation also pisses me off. Its an 'oh' sound, it should be romanised as oh or ou, not oo. oo in the english langauge never makes an oh sound, its always an oo as in cook.
That's because english phonology is a mess and thus should not be used as a standard to romanize other languages. In every other western language "oo" makes sense.
The only naming issues I've had with the Boorus is when characters don't have separate tags.
Kagura isn't an uncommon name, there are even others like her that have Kagura as a surname and no first name, like Kagura from Gintama. It's a little annoying seeing characters that aren't her just because things aren't tagged properly.
I know I can easily get around this by searching "azumanga_daioh" as well as her name, but it does mean that sometimes the number shown for the amount of pictures she has is inaccurate.
Best of luck on your renaming quest, Tohno.
It's that time of year again. Thought I'd try drawing something for the day.
/mai/, how do you deal with lust with regards to your waifu? There is not a lot of good porn of her out there, but I keep getting horny for other girls. That makes me feel bad when I get a boner to other girls.
In my opinion, that "reverse" approach is wrong. As a 2D being, a perfect being free of all the 3DPD flaws, including having to cope with lust, why would she feel the need to commit such an impure act? Therefore, I don't think the question asked by that OP is valid in the first place.
My waifu is a loli but I'm attracted to older women with huge tits and big asses too. So it's hard to prevent myself from fantasizing about others. I've found that an easy way to stop it is if I imagine anyone else but her in my fantasies, I imagine a big X appearing over them and the sound of an alarm, and then they disappear from my thoughts and are replaced with her.
I also have to fap to other girls because my regular fetishes are too much to expose my waifu to. The stuff I tend to like is humiliation, rape, and mindbreak shit, and I really don't want or can even imagine doing anything of the sort to her especially since she was nearly raped. She has a lot of trouble trusting men and people in general. My fantasies with her tend to be more femdom than anything because I want her to feel safe and I want to please her, so relinquishing power to her is the best way to do that. I know it sounds beta as fuck, but I can't help it. I just love her too much, but at the same time I can't give up the other stuff I've gotten off to for the rest of my life. The last time I tried to repress it I couldn't stop thinking about sex all day. I keep trying but I keep falling back into the old ways.
>I know it sounds beta as fuck
That's only a problem if you're talking about 3D rather than 2D. I prefer femdom with my waifu as well because the thought of hurting her horrifies me and making her feel pleasure turns me on a lot, but my idea of "femdom" turns more into "reverse rape".
Please don't be offended at this question as I understand it will be very personal, but how old were you when you first met your waifu and did you directly fall in love with her then or did it take time to blossom?
The reason for my question is someone's post from a few months ago about how he met and fell for Mai from Kanon (picture related) back when her show first aired and he was in his second year of high school. It was a very touching story the details of which I won't retell and it got me remembering it everytime the topic of waifus is brought up.
Were you in a particularly precarious or pressuring situation when you met her and fell like a rock or did you, over time, notice her not leaving your mind though your first encounter was not all that memorable? Tied to this question is also how close to her show's airing you first met.
I was sixteen when I first saw her, and I don't know if I immediately fell in love with her. I'd like to say I did, but I don't know if that was love. I was immediately attracted to her, and I thought she was really cute and cool, but I don't think it was instant. Maybe it was, and I just didn't understand my feelings because I had always assumed people being in love with anime characters was exaggerated or only for crazy people. If I had to describe the situation when I met her, I'd say I was a loner that didn't realize others would probably see me as a loser, all I did after school when I showed up was come home, play video games, and watch anime by myself in my room. I had only started watching anime regularly 4 or so months before, and one day I just stumbled across her series (it was airing at the time) and I was pretty blown away by her. I don't think I've ever felt that way about someone else, or if I have, I don't remember it. As soon as I saw her, I started looking for pictures of her, and talking about how great she is in the threads for her anime, stuff like that. Maybe 2 months later I realized, "I think I'm in love", and that was that.
So that is why.
We have been fighting for so long Mai.
I understand what hope means.
Have this.
Today is our first anniversary! A lot of good and bad things over the past year and she's stuck with me through all of it. Overall I've done a lot of things I've wanted to do even if it wasn't at peak efficiency. Been a year of looking back and moving on. I hope I'll be able to stay strong no matter what fate throws at me for her.
It wasn't much, just the Thai tea with boba there and some spicy fish cakes, last year I had nothing though. Kind of busy as next week is finals week.
Having trouble updating my waifu.pl though, something about no permission. Tried downloading FileZilla and everything and that didn't work. Hopefully it'll get fixed sometime.
Happy anniversary! I hope you two had a good time and continue to do so.
Lately I've been struggling to talk to her. I'm not sure if I should just talk to her until she responds or try and imagine her responding.
I was wondering how do you guys talk to her? For people with tulpa perhaps comparing early stages to later stages would be good?
Do you visualize her and talk like shes in front of you? I tend to close my eyes and daydream when I do but it can get a little hard to concentrate sometimes and I still have the issue with her responding.
Just saying, thinking that some people are born superiors to others is enough to make you a real douche.
There's no setted rules that makes someone normal and someone else abnormal. That's just some society shit.
"Just saying, thinking that some people are born superiors to others is enough to make you a real douche."
Good. If that's how I appear in the eyes of filthy normies, maybe they will keep away. To be thought of in such a way by the likes of them qualifies as a compliment to me.
"There's no setted rules that makes someone normal and someone else abnormal. That's just some society shit."
No, these are my standards. They seem pretty reasonable, given that most people are sexually attracted to real people, which makes such an attraction "normal". The problem is not the normalcy itself, however, but the fact that they're basically attracted to rancid trash cans, and have poisonous personalities to boot.
>When you were born you were actually sucking your momma's tit and shitted in you diapers, oh super-human great one.
Nonsense! Anon shits diamonds and drank from the perfectly formed teats of moe anime girls.
Don't forget to tip your fedora
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text:
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text:
G'Evening fellow players!
I always liked the idea of a neighbourhood with RP activity and recently I moved to the neighborhood of Keydale in the bree-land homesteads.
And I would really like it...
Type: Posts; User: Thorwan; Keyword(s):
G'Evening fellow players!
I always liked the idea of a neighbourhood with RP activity and recently I moved to the neighborhood of Keydale in the bree-land homesteads.
And I would really like it...
You may not be the first to bring it up, but I find it important that you do.
It indicates how many players feel 'bout the current housing system.
Though people must understand how difficult it...
I couldn't agree more!
Indeed, this idea has allot of potential and something really good can come out of it!
So who will start it?
After reading it for a second time, thinking 'bout it for a couple of hours, I fully agree with this theory!
This will solve everything! You sir, are a true genius!
Have you ever started a topic...
It is not the first time I've red such a suggestion and it will probably will not be the last.
Though LOTRO has banned the concept from even the slightest consideration of ever introducing something...
I'm curious what happened to Lancex idea.
Phew years ago I was in an travelers kinship, and would love such a kinship again.
As the topic suggest, I'm looking for a kinship to join.
I recently started playing again after a break, and I for one enjoy the game allot more when in good company! :)
But I won't...
Coming late? Please don't say we'll be waiting for half a year or so.
And I aggree with you, it should be up to the kin-leader how many ranks he wants in his kinship.
Adding to that the...
The suggestions you made are also been made in the quoted link below, so most people will give / have given their input there.
They have ignored it indeed, but that doesn't mean they should have for this long!
I can understand that five years ago these were major changes in some ways, but the game must evolve with the time...
Agreed, the other travel skills can remain with the cooldown they have now .. But the mile-stone time should be reduced to 15 minutes.
And also it should not be a perk you can buy in the lotro...
Turbine simply cannot ignore this post.
Turbine, follow up this post! It will increase the gameplay!
/signed Thorwan
I like that idea, would make the game more active.
YES, Brilliant! I want to see a postal carrier in the towns, neighborhoods and running for their lives on dangerous roads (Okay the last one...
I really like the first idea, allot of people desire it and for those who don't, don't have to use the option.
The other idea's are difficult programming wise.
But again, I really like the first...
You have my support.
It's refreshing when new cosmetic outfits come out, and the appearance of a character add something to that.
So in my opinion it would be refreshing to add some new hair styles.
I like your first suggestion, it's small but a nice detailled touch for your character.
Allthough I doubt it will be easy for the developers to add that feature to the game.
I can...
I see the pocket item as a ''lucky charm'' item.
So from that point of view one seems better in my opinion.
I know easy said for a player, but it's worth the while to change that. That friendlist etc etc looks at the full name.
Everything comes with risks and possible downsides, but it isn't weird...
I don't know if the following applies for all servers, and there is a good chance the suggestion/idea has been brought up before .. but i'm posting the idea anyway!
I play on the Laurelin RP...
Great idea !!
/signed Thorwan
You bring up some interesting and fair points.
I don't aggree on all of them, but we both feel that lotro is not doing enough with the housing ingame.
But the part of the raiding houses was a...
Maybe it would not be a bad idea to replace 2 of the 3 kinship houses in a neighborhood for deluxe houses?
Most neighborhouds only house one kinship with it's members in it, so the...
In total it's not a bad idea, however it would result in that people will only want to move into kinship neighborhoods.
And allot of kinships have more members then houses in a neighborhood.
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text:
Most have been highly localized and, until recently, not readily available to the public. Times are changing. The opening of world markets has made these rare products more widely available.
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Fertile coastal regions of South and Central America harbor a wonderful palm tree known as the Acai Palm (pronounced asa'i) with excellent nutrients to be reaped. The palm hearts from the saplings of this species (Euterpe oleracea) are used widely in salads. They are very similar to those so common in oriental cooking. The large fronds of older palms are used to make roofing materials, clothing and fan blades.
The most important part of this palm, however, is the humble 1 inch round fruit. This berry looks like an oversized blueberry and has been described by many to taste like blackberries with a hint of chocolate. Yum! The Acai berry has a thin, dark purple skin and an extremely juicy inside, much like a grape. It surrounds a large, hard seed similar to that found in an olive. Acai berries are used locally as additions to cereals, eaten raw, or used in juices and teas. Berries shipped outside of local regions are generally available as ingredients in healthy juices.
This berry contains Omega-6, Omega-9 and nearly all other essential fatty acids that decrease incidents of cancer and cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks. Other benefits include a bolstered immune system and general good health. In addition, one serving of Acai contains protein equivalent to one egg.
Another important emerging berry is the Goji, or Chinese Wolfberry, which has been considered both a nutrimental food and a medicinal plant in Asian cultures for over 1900 years. The Goji berry is dried and eaten as a snack food or used in cooking. The Tibetan or Himalayan Goji is the most sought after and claimed to be picked only in the wild.
With the emerging emphasis on organically grown foods, China has implemented an organic growing program. Commercially grown Goji berry prices are beginning to come down while quality remains high. This makes them an excellent choice for people on the go who want to have healthy snacks at hand.
The pomegranate is probably the ugliest fruit on the outside and the most beautiful on the inside. The leathery red/brown outside holds small fruits resembling fields of rubies mixed with honeycombed inner passages. Many a child has sat for hours extracting the jewel-like seeds for their amazing flavor. A native of the tropical regions, this fruit is probably the best known of the exotic fruits. Its antioxidant properties have taken a back seat to its wonderful taste. Pomegranate juice tastes a bit like sweet ripe cherries, and the concentrated juice has been widely used in tropical drinks. Only recently have studies been done that show the incredible powers of this fruit in reducing health risks.
All fruits, berries and vegetables have great nutritional and food value. For people on-the-go who want to maintain the 5-8 servings of antioxidant foods per day, exotic berries, including Acai berry supplements, are a good snack choice. They contain up to five times more antioxidants than any other fruit or vegetable, including much touted prunes and raisins.


text:
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text:
Alternative Titles
Synonyms: An Earnest Captive
Japanese: 一途なトリコ
Type: Manga
Volumes: 1
Chapters: 8
Status: Finished
Published: Jun 7, 2006 to Jul 5, 2007
Genres: Hentai, School, Gender Bender
Authors: Shunjou, Shuusuke (Story & Art)
Serialization: Comic Mujin
Score: 7.311 (scored by 339 users)
1 indicates a weighted score. Please note that 'Not yet published' titles are excluded.
Ranked: N/A2
2 based on the top manga page. Please note that 'R18+' titles are excluded.
Popularity: #8281
Members: 811
Favorites: 6
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