text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jul 10, 2001
|Filing date
|Apr 18, 2000
|Priority date
|Apr 22, 1999
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Marvin S. Antelman
|Original Assignee
|Marantech Holding, Llc
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (14), Non-Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (51), Classifications (59), Legal Events (9)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This Application is a Continuation-In-Part of application Ser. No. 09/296,998, filed Apr. 22, 1999, now abandoned.
The present invention relates to the use of electron active molecular crystals comprising tetrasilver tetroxide (Ag4O4) for the treatment and cure of dermatological conditions or diseases.
The present invention is related to concepts previously elucidated and disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,336,499 (1994); U.S. Pat. No. 5,571,520 (1996) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,676,977 (1997). Said concepts have also been published in an article entitled "Silver (II, III) Disenfectants" (Soap/Cosmetics/Chemical Specialties, 1994; March, pp. 52-59).
The aforementioned references disclose that said tetrasilver tetroxide devices kill and/or inhibit a wide variety of pathogens ranging from gram positive and negative bacteria (e.g., E coli and Staphylococcus aureus), algae and mold (e.g., Chorella and Candida albicans) and the AIDS virus. Said references also contain detailed descriptions of the mechanism via which said molecular crystal devices operate. The instant inventor also presented his subsequent results and concepts at a Seminar entitled "Incurable Diseases Update" (Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Feb. 11, 1998). The title of his presentation was "Beyond Antibiotics, Non Toxic Disinfectants and Tetrasil Mademark of applicant for the tetroxide)".
In the aforecited article it was shown that the effects of the electron transfer involved with respect to the tetroxide, phenomenally, rendered it a more powerful germicide than other silver entities. The instant inventor holds patents for multivalent silver anti microbials, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,017,295 for Ag(II) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,223,149 for Ag (III); and while these entities are stronger anti microbials than Ag (I) compounds they pale by comparison to the tetroxide and so does colloidal silver which derives its germicidal properties from trace silver (I) ions it generates in various environments. Accordingly, the oligodynamic properties of these entities may be summarized as follows, which is referred to as the Horsfal series:
The other unique property of the tetroxide was that it did not stain organic matter such as skin in like manner as Ag(I) compounds do. In addition, it was light stable.
The main object of this invention is to utilize tetrasilver tetroxide molecular devices to cure dermatological diseases or conditions.
Another object of this invention is to use tetrasilver tetroxide molecular devices to control those dermatological conditions or diseases which cannot be cured completely by said devices.
Still another object of this invention is to use tetrasilver tetroxide molecular devices to reduce the time of affliction of dermatological conditions or diseases.
Still another object of this invention is to utilize said devices in the aforesaid dermatological applications without staining the skin.
This invention relates to a molecular scale device comprising a single crystal of tetrasilver tetroxide (Ag4O4). Several trillion of these molecules may be employed in various pharmaceutical formulations and therapies to effectuate the treatment and cure of various dermatological conditions and diseases. These conditions and diseases vary and include eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis, disease induced skin ulcers, undefined tropical diseases, shingles, rashes, bedsores, cold sores, blisters, boils, herpes simplex, acne, pimples, skin chafing, cracking, itchiness, skin peeling, and warts.
More particularly, the invention relates to a method for treating dermatological skin disease comprising applying a composition comprising tetrasilver tetroxide directly to the affected skin areas, said composition being free of added oxidizing agent.
Even more particularly, the invention relates to a method for treating dermatological skin conditions selected from the group consisting of eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis, ulcers, shingles, rashes, bedsores, cold sores, blisters, boils, herpes, acne, pimples, skin chafing, cracking, skin itch, skin peeling and warts comprising applying tetrasilver tetroxide directly to the affected skin area.
The crystal lattice of the Ag4O4 molecular device operates against pathogens by transferring electrons from its two monovalent silver ions to the two trivalent silver ions in the crystal contributing to the death of pathogens by traversing their cell membrane surface. This in effect "electrocutes" the pathogens. The electrons are forced out of their balanced crystals by such labile groups as NH, NH2, S—S and SH comprising pathogen cell membrane surface. However, normal cells will not be affected because they do not proliferate fast enough to expose these labile bonds.
The KA of Ag4O4 is 7.9�10−13, therefore the molecule will not be disturbed unless more stable complexes are formed with such ligands as those comprising the pathogen cell membrane surface in a dynamic state. Indeed the end result of the electron transfer, which is a redox reaction, results in the monovalent Ag ions being oxidized to Ag(II) and the trivalent Ag ions being reduced to the same end product, Ag(II). Accordingly, the well-known affinity for monovalent silver for certain elements such as sulfur and nitrogen is far exceeded here, for divalent silver will not merely bind to these elements as does silver, but will actually form chelate complexes with their ligands. The molecular crystal attraction for the cell membrane surfaces is thus driven by powerful covalent bonding forces.
The electron transfer can be depicted by the following redox half reactions:
It was found by rigorous testing that silver tetroxide was comparatively non toxic. Since said oxide was effective at PPM concentrations in killing pathogens, commercial concentrates were formulated with 2% of the tetroxide. For acceptance of said oxide in commerce for which an EPA registration number was obtained (no. 3432-64), it was necessary for the oxide to undergo a series of toxicity tests, for which a 3% concentrate was used and evaluated by a certified laboratory employing good laboratory practice (GLP) according to the Code of Federal Regulations.
The results were as follows:
Acute Oral Toxicity
LD50 Greater than 5,000 mg./Kg.
Acute Dermal Toxicity
LD50 Greater than 2,000 mg./Kg.
Primary Eye Irritation
Mildly irritating
Primary Skin Irritation
No irritation
Skin Sensitization
Non Sensitizing
Subsequent evaluations showed that unless persons were prone to silver allergies, the pure tetroxide could be applied to the skin without any ill effects or evidence of irritation, despite the fact that said oxide is a powerful oxidizing agent. This can perhaps be explained by its stability manifested by its aforecited KA.
It was previously postulated in earlier patents relating to the various uses of the oxide that it was required to use it in combination with an excess of strong oxidizing agent such as a persulfate in order to effectively kill pathogens. However, the additional presence of oxidizing agent tends to be irritating to the skin. It has been found in accordance with the present invention that the additional oxide is unnecessary and in fact undesirable for the purpose of treating the skin diseases described herein. Therefore, the present invention contemplates application of the oxide to the skin in the absence of the additional oxidizer and the use of formulations which are free of added additional oxidizing agent such as a persulfate.
A preferred mode of application of the oxide of the invention is as a topical agent, either directly as a powder or in non-sprayable or sprayable form. Non-sprayable forms can be semi-solid or solid forms comprising a carrier indigenous to topical application and having a dynamic viscosity preferably greater than that of water. Suitable formulations include, but are not limited to, suspensions, emulsions, creams, ointments, powders, liniments, salves and the like. If desired, these may be sterilized or mixed with auxiliary agents, e.g., thixotropes, stabilizers, wetting agents, and the like. Preferred vehicles for non-sprayable topical preparations include ointment bases, e.g., polyethylene glycol-1000 (PEG-1000); conventional ophthalmic vehicles; creams; and gels, as well as petroleum jelly and the like. These topical preparations may also contain emollients, perfumes and/or pigments to enhance their acceptability for various usages.
Where the oxide is applied to the skin combined with a carrier such one or more of the carriers described above, it may be combined with the carrier at a level of from about 50 to 250,000 PPM, more preferably from about 400 to 50,000 PPM, based on the weight of the carrier, and applied to the skin 1 to 3 times per day until the condition is cured or satisfactorily controlled. Generally, the composition may be applied at a dosage level of from about 10 to 500 mg per cm2 of skin surface.
Accordingly, the oxide was used directly in powder form as well as in several compounded formulations for treating a wide assortment of skin conditions and diseases. Success was achieved in all cases except for certain stubborn nail fungi. After much experimenting it was found that the best carrier for a commercial product was white petroleum jelly.
Other objects and features of the present invention shall become apparent to those skilled in the art when the present invention is considered in view of the accompanying examples. It should, of course, be recognized that the accompanying examples illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.
A female, age 28, resident of Central America, had a red rash caused by an unidentified dermatological tropical disease on her thigh. The condition was cured by a light dusting of Ag4O4 crystals on the area. Similar occurrences in the past to the subject failed to be cured by other dermatological preparation sold as cures for said condition.
A female, age 27, had a fungus infection in her navel. She was cured by direct application of Ag4O4 to the affected area within 24 hours.
A female in her early thirties had suffered from recurrent cold sores for five years. The subject stated in a written communication, "I have tried every over-the-counter medication for this ailment without even marginal success. I even tried the five times a day for five days herpes medication that my doctor prescribed with disappointing results." Subject tried various concentration of Ag4O4 dispersed in petroleum jelly. All formulation improved the severity and duration of the herpes simplex. Subject was given a final formulation of 10,000 PPM Ag4O4 dispersed in white petroleum jelly. In many instances quick application of the ointment resulted in disappearance of the cold sore the next day. Otherwise if not caught quickly the sore could be contained within 36 hours which was a vast improvement over the previous treatments.
An 82-year-old female had suffered six months from an external vaginal itch which defied treatment. Application of Ag4O4 ointment (as described in Example 3) cured the condition.
Twenty-two samples of Ag4O4 ointment were distributed to individuals who were suffering from the herpes simplex. They all applied the ointment. While there was no attempt made to record the exact condition of the herpes subjects, all 22 cases were cured within 48 hours.
Having achieved success against herpes simplex, it was decided to test Ag4O4 ointment against shingles which is caused by herpes zoster. Accordingly, a 67-year-old male applied the ointment three times a day for two days, after which time the shingles condition was completely gone.
Two individuals, one male, the other female, ages 33 and 48, who were suffering from external acne condition, treated their skin three times a day with Ag4O4 ointment. They were completely cured after two days of applying the ointment.
Fifteen patients with an age ranging from 30 to 35 which were diagnosed as having oral viral herpes were arranged in two groups. Group I consisted of five patients which suffered from severe oral viral outbreaks with a recurring frequency of 21-28 days. The sizes of the herpes sores ranged from 3.5-5.0 mm. Group II consisted of ten patients who suffered from normal oral viral outbreaks with a recurring frequency of 28-42 days. The sizes of the herpes sores ranged from 1.25-1.75 mm. Both groups applied tetrasilver tetroxide ointment to the effected areas with 50-200 mg. of ointment containing 3% tetrasilver tetroxide. Group I applied the ointment (within 12 hrs.) after the herpes sores broke through the skin and blistered. Group II was divided into two subgroups. Group IIA applied the ointment (within 12 hrs.) after the herpes sores broke through the ski and blistered. Group IIB applied the ointment 4-12 hrs. before the herpes sores broke through the skin and blistered. Application was twice daily. Patients reported daily on the pharmacological effects. Sizes of the herpes growth were observed on a daily basis for five days and frequency of reoccurrence was recorded.
Summary of Results
Group I: Over a period of 24-48 hours all of the patients observed the herpes sore regress and dry out. By day three the sores were not visible and the skin was healed. All patients exhibited a longer recurrence time from 32-44 days excluding one patient who did not have a recurrence for eight months. The sizes of the herpes upon recurrence were significantly smaller at 2.2-3.5 mm.
Group IIA: Over a period of 24-48 hours all the patients observed the herpes sore regress and dry out. By the end of day the sores were not visible and the skin was healed. All patients exhibited a longer recurrence time from 34-55 days. The sizes of the herpes upon reoccurrence were significantly smaller at 0.8-1.4 mm.
Group IIB: Over a period of 12-24 hours all the patients observed that the herpes sore was retained and never broke through the skin as a blister. By the end of day two there were no signs of the herpes sore at all. There was not even the slightest amount of discomfort around the area where the blisters would have flourished. All patients exhibited a longer recurrence time from 36-62 days. The sizes of the herpes upon recurrence were 0.7-1.6 mm.
Tetrasilver tetroxide used as a topological ointment:
1. Eliminates oral viral herpes sores within a period of 48 hours from the time of the first application.
2. Extends the recurrence period of the viral herpes breakout cycle.
3. Prevents the herpes virus from breaking through the skin when used before an outbreak occurs.
Twenty eight patients in the age group ranging from 45 to 65 presenting with diabetes—induced foot ulcers were arranged in two groups. All of the patients were taking insulin injections and were diagnosed as Type I insulin dependent.
Group I consisted of fourteen patients where culture swabs of the ulcerated skin indicated the presence of bacteria (infection). Group II consisted of fourteen patients where culture swabs of the ulcerated skin did not indicate the presence of abnormal amounts of bacteria, (no infection).
The patients in each group were treated by applying 200 mg of a petroleum jelly containing 3 wt % tetrasilver tetronide twice daily to the ulcerated sores for a 30 day period. Daily evaluations of the skin condition were conducted by a dermatologist.
Summary of Results
Group I: Within 48 hours of the onset of treatment the sores on the feet of all patients began to dry out. After 72 hours, the ulcers on all patients started to heal at the borders. By the fourth day, inflammation of the diseased tissue eased and by the sixth day the ulcers were completely dry with no surface secretions. By the tenth day the ulcers on all patients had completely disappeared. Lab tests indicated no sign of infection on the feet of any patient.
Group II: Within 24 hours of the onset of treatment the sores on the feet of all patients began to dry out and heal at the borders with no secretion. By the third day the sores on all patients were covered with new healthy tissue. By the tenth day the ulcers had healed and completed the process of forming scar tissue by 80%. At day 14 of the treatment all of the ulcers were 100% healed with no sign of infection.
Continuous monitoring of both groups over the 30 day period indicated no reappearance of the ulcers.
The above testes demonstrate that tetrasilver tetroxide treatment is effective in both curing infections associated with diabetes-induced ulcers and in healing the ulcers themselves. The tetroxide accelerated the neovascularization` process of the affected tissue.
Twenty patients ranging from age 8 months to 12 years were clinically diagnosed as suffering from atopic dermatitis involving inflamed lesions of the face and extremities, but without bacterial involvement. These patients were previously treated by the application of topical steroids to the affected skin areas, which was discontinued. The patients were divided into two groups.
Group I consisted of ten randomly selected patients. A petroleum jelly containing 3 wt % tetrasilver tetroxide was applied at a dosage of about 100 mg. to all affected skin areas of each patient twice daily for a period of days. Daily evaluation of the skin condition was made by a dermatologist.
Group II consisted of a control group comprising the remaining ten patients. This group was treated by twice daily application of about 100 mg of pure petroleum jelly which was free of added tetrasilver tetroxide to the affected skin areas.
Summary of Results
Group I: Within 12 hours of the onset of treatment the lesions on all patients began to show healing and drying and no longer exhibited prurito in the affected skin areas. Within 24 hours of the onset of treatment, signs of irritation of the skin areas had subsided and after 24 hours signs of irritation had disappeared and the lesions were no longer visible. Treatment on all patients was discontinued after 5 days, but the group was assessed daily for any recurrence of the lesions. Two of the patients presented a reappearance of lesions by the twenty-fourth day, but these lesions were smaller and less irritating than the original lesions. Treatment was resumed on these two patients and after 24 hours the lesions had disappeared.
Group II: At 12 hours after the onset of the application of pure petroleum jelly to the affected skin areas there were no signs of improvement of the skin. Over the next 23 day period the lesions gradually became more irritated with no sign of healing of the atopic dermatitis.
The above tests demonstrate that the tetrasilver tetroxide treatment is effective in most patients in healing atopic dermatitis within 24 hours of the commencement of treatment and appears to halt the self immunological reaction of atopic dermatitis at the local level. It is also effective in reversing disease when it recurs, increasing the period of recession of the condition.
Twenty four patients between the ages of 13 and 40 years were diagnosed as suffering from psoriasis, exhibiting irritation, scaliness and both the Auspitz sign and the Koebner phenomenon. All patients had been previously treated with topical steroids. The patients were divided into two groups.
Group I consisted of 12 patients where psoriasis was diagnosed less than 60 days prior to treatment A petroleum jelly containing 3 wt % tetrasilver tetroxide was applied to affected skin areas twice a day over a 30 day period and each patient was evaluated twice daily by a dermatologist.
Group II consisted of 12 patients who were diagnosed more than 60 days prior to treatment. Disease in this group was more severe than Group I and most had been suffering from psoriasis for many years, exhibiting extensive disease on their backs. This group was treated by the same protocol as Group I and was evaluated three times daily by a dermatologist.
Summary of the Results
Group I: By the tenth day of treatment the psoriatic plates and inflamed areas of the treated skin started to heal. By the twentieth day the Auspitz sign had disappeared on all patients. By day 27 the psoriatic plates present in the diseased skin of all patients had disappeared. By day 35 the skin on all patients appeared to be healed and the pigmentation process of the skin had been initiated.
Group II: By the twentieth day of treatment, the healing process on all patients had commenced as evidenced by the reduction of psoriatic plates and appearance of new tissue. By day 28 the diseased areas were of smaller sizes and the Auspitz sign was no longer visible. By day 30, the Koebner phenomenon had disappeared on all patients. By day 35, the psoriatic plates were barely visible on all patients.
Continued observation of both groups showed no further changes in their condition after treatment was halted.
The above tests demonstrate that topical application of tetrasilver tetroxide to the affected skin areas of psoriasis sufferers effectively heals and/or controls this disease.
Twelve Caucasian patients between the ages of 45 to 65 presented with infected bleeding skin ulcers associated with diagnosed Rabdomiosarcoma, which had persisted up to 7 months prior to treatment. The patients were divided into two groups:
Group I: Seven patients where the ulcerated lesions averaged 9 cm long and 12 cm in diameter.
Group II: Five patients where the ulcerated lesions were greater than 12 cm�2 cm.
The patients of each group were treated by the application to affected skin areas of about 200 mg of petroleum jelly containing 3 wt % of tetrasilver tetroxide three times daily over a period of 30 days.
All patients were examined daily by a dermatologist to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment.
Summary of Results
Group I: All patients experienced a commencement of healing of the ulcers by day 27 from the start of the treatment. By day 30 the ulcers were dry. On day 40 new cells had replaced infected cells. By day 45 ulcers and sores were no longer visible and new tissue was evident replacing the ulcerated tissue.
Group II: All patients showed a commencement of the healing of the ulcers by day 28 from the start of the treatment. By day 40 the ulcers had almost disappeared and a biopsy confirmed that 80% of the diseased tissue had been replaced with healthy tissue. From a clinical standpoint, the ulcers were no longer visible.
The tests demonstrate that the topical application of tetrasilver tetroxide is effective in curing infections and healing skin ulcers associated with Rabdomiosarcoma, and without side effects.
Based on all of the test data described above, the healing mechanism associated with the use of tetrasilver tetroxide to treat and cure at least some skin diseases appears to be more than simply the killing of pathogens and curing infections which tend to aggravate disease and retard the natural healing process. The data indicate that healing is brought about even in cases where no abnormal bacteria counts or infection is evident. This suggests that tetrasilver tetroxide perhaps also acts against autoantibodies which trigger autoimmune reactions associated with diseased tissue.
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|U.S. Classification
|424/618, 514/863, 424/405, 514/859, 514/969, 514/938, 514/931, 514/937, 424/439, 514/934, 514/861, 514/928, 514/925
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Apr 18, 2000
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National Down Syndrome Society8 E 41st Street, 8th FloorNew York New York 10017800-221-4602[email protected]
Washington, DC- In a celebration of the 40th Anniversary of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the White House and the U.S. Department of Education will be hosting a special event at the White House on Tuesday, November 17th.
Madison Essig, an NDSS DS-Ambassador from Washington, DC, and a senior at Woodrow Wilson High School, will make history next spring as the first student with Down syndrome to graduate with a standard diploma from Wilson. Madison, along with her mother and NDSS Vice Chair, Kimberly Templeton, and her former history teacher, Eden McCauslin, will speak about the importance of IDEA at the White House.
The landmark IDEA continues to pave the way for students with disabilities to be included in general education classrooms at local, neighborhood schools with greater frequency and effectiveness than ever before. IDEA entitles all children with disabilities to a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) with the goal of meeting unique needs and to prepare students for further education, employment and independent living.
"I am going to graduate with a standard diploma because IDEA made it possible for me to be included in my neighborhood schools and take regular classes with support," said Essig. Essig was inducted into the National Honor Society this fall and recently took the SAT.
During the 40th Anniversary celebration, there will be guest speakers from both the Administration and U.S. Department of Education. "IDEA and inclusion, coupled with Madison's work ethic and self-motivation, has enabled her to achieve significant academic success. Madison is well prepared for the next chapter in her life, college, because of IDEA's underlying principle that all students have the right to reach their full, individual potential," said Templeton.
"People with Down syndrome are living longer, healthier, productive lives, attending postsecondary programs, getting married, obtaining gainful employment, and are more integrated into the fabric of society than ever before," said NDSS President Sara Hart Weir. "NDSS firmly believes that students with Down syndrome deserve the right to be educated in their local schools, with their siblings and peers. As we celebrate 40 years of this civil rights law, we are reminded the fight is not over -- every school should be able to accommodate a student with Down syndrome or another disability in the classroom."
[email protected]
National Down Syndrome Society, 8 E 41st Street, 8th Floor, New York, New York, 10017Copyright © 2012 National Down Syndrome SocietyPrivacy Policy | Terms and Conditions

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The Pasadena Department of Public Works preserves, maintains, and enhances the City's infrastructure and natural resources and provides environmental stewardship for the benefit of our residents, businesses, and visitors.
The City of Pasadena will be hosting Household Hazardous Waste & E-Waste Roundup on Saturday July 15, 2017 9 a.m. -3 p.m. Brookside Park, Lot I, Pasadena. No document shredding at this event.
Styrofoam Ban Flyer
C&D Informational BrochureC&D Waste Management Plan ApplicationC&D Waste Management Compliance Report Form/Deposit Refund Request Form
Visit the Citizen Service Center to submit a service request to Public Works 24/7
The five major divisions of the Department of Public Works are listed below:


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Campaign on Freedom of assembly and expression
On 24 April 2007 ILGA-Europe launched a campaign on freedom of assembly for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people in Europe.
The aim of our campaign is to mobilise support by as many mayors of European cities as possible for the right of LGBT people to freedom of assembly and expression by signing our appeal.
The appeal with signatures will be later sent to mayors of those European cities where LGBT people have been denied and restricted their constitutional right to freedom of assembly and expression or faced aggressive and violent opposition from radicals, nationalists and religious fundamentalists. The appeal, names of the signatories as well as their possible individual messages of support will be also available on our website.
We hope that by gaining wide support of European mayors we will be able to increase the profile of the issues around bans and restrictions on LGBT Pride marches and other public events in various European cities, and gain greater media interests across Europe. Most importantly we want to achieve a 'climate of intolerance and disapproval' towards those European mayors who are still prepared to or contemplating banning or restricting the rights of LGBT people to freedom of assembly and expression among their European colleagues. We hope this campaign and wide support by European mayors will be another useful tool for local LGBT groups organising LGBT Pride marches and other public events when challenging bans and/or restrictions.
The appeal is being now distributed among the mayors of European cities. We are encouraging the mayors to sign the appeal before 17 May, the International Day against Homophobia, when ILGA-Europe will announce the signatories and will send the appeal to the mayors of 'problematic' cities. However the appeal will be open for signing by the European mayors throughout the entire summer of 2007.
We encourage ILGA-Europe members, friend and supporters to actively promote our campaign and to work with your city/town mayors to obtain their signature and support. The mayors are encouraged not only to provide a signature to the appeal, but also to issue their individual statement of support for the right of LGBT people for freedom of assembly and expression which will be placed at ILGA-Europe website campaign section.
While the mayors of European cities are our principal target group, the appeal is also open to prominent/famous members of society. Therefore we encourage you to help us with identifying such people (cultural, sporting, political celebrities in your countries), approaching and gaining signatures and statements of support from them.
Who already signed ILGA-Europe's appeal?
Here you will find a list of confirmed signatories to our appeal and individual message of support.
LGBT Rights - Freedom of Assembly: diary of events by country (August 2008)
This "diary of events" chronicles the attempts of LGBT communities in the region to exercise their right to freedom of assembly, and the opposition they have met. It is intended as an authoritative record of these events, and as a resource for those working for the rights of the LGBT community in this field, whether LGBT activists, human rights organisations, or parliamentarians and staff in the European institutions.
Appeal to Mayors of European cities "On freedom of assembly and expression for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people"
Here you will find text of ILGA-Europe's appeal sent to European mayors. We will also publish here the names of the mayors who signed the appeal.
List of mayors
Here you will find a list of Mayors we sent our appeal to.
Pride events in Europe
In this section we are providing a list of events taking place across Europe, as well as various useful sources for those organising or considering organising Pride events in their countries.


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23521 Nokomis Avenue
Nisswa, MN 56468
(218) 568-4944
(888) 437-4637
(218) 568-8793 (fax)
Seasonal. Call for hours.
The Preserve continues the Grand View Lodge tradition of championship golf. This 18-hole, par 72 course has beautiful rolling hills, strategically placed bunkers, and natural wetlands. The Preserve features bent grass greens, tees and fairways. Half the teeing areas are greatly elevated, offering unequalled scenic vistas. The view from the clubhouse has been called, ''The best golf course view in Minnesota.''
5506 Preserve Blvd., Pequot Lakes, MN


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Despite previously acknowledging some "diplomatic movement," Hamas rejected Egypt's cease-fire plan for the latest Israeli-Palestinian conflict on Tuesday — just moments after Israel accepted the proposal.
A statement released by Hamas' armed wing, al-Qassam Brigades, said the group "totally and completely" rejected the terms of an Egyptian brokered cease fire, adding that without further concessions from Israel, "it was not worth the ink it was written with." Representatives from Islamic Jihad, which also has been involved in the fighting, also rejected an unconditional ceasefire.
Roughly four hours after Israel's security cabinet announced that it had accepted the cease fire, Israel said a fresh volley of 35 rockets were fired from Gaza into southern Israel, causing minor damage.
Cairo's proposal aimed to stop a weeklong conflict that has seen at least 185 Gazans killed. The truce called for a 48-hour cessation of fire, followed by immediate talks for a longer-term truce and an eventual opening of Gaza's border crossing, the New York Times reports.
The Associated Press reports that a senior Hamas official, Sami Abu Zuhri, said Egypt's plan for a cease-fire in Gaza was "not acceptable."
Al-Qassam Brigades said on the website that excerpts from the plan published in the media indicated it was "an initiative of kneeling and submission," reports Reuters.
"Our battle with the enemy continues and will increase in ferocity and intensity," al-Qassam Brigades added.


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Academia School of Nursing's philosophy is anchored on the belief that nursing education should prepare students to function safely and effectively in the generalist role. We believe that nursing education should provide students an opportunity to progress within a laddered curriculum in order to enhance the profession of nursing and to serve as a foundation for life-long learning. Nurses should be prepared to provide ethical, holistic, and compassionate care to diverse populations in a variety of settings. We believe that by incorporating into our curriculum the standards set forth by our governing bodies, the evidenced-based research provided by our colleagues, and the values and criteria promoted by our national nursing organizations, our goal can best be accomplished.
The Academia School of Nursing Nurse Aide Training and Competency Evaluation Program (NATCEP) meets the nurse aide program training requirements established by the Ohio Department of Health. The purpose of a nurse aide competency evaluation program is to ensure that a candidate who is seeking to become a nurse aide understands the standards and can competently and safely perform the job of an entry-level nurse aide. Academia's 75 hour training program prepares graduates to work in long-term care facilities, residential care facilities, hospitals, or private duty assignments. Graduates will be eligible to apply and take the nurse aide competency test which has a seventy-nine (79) item multiple-choice written/oral part and a skills part. Upon successful completion of the nurse aide competency test the candidate is recognized as state tested (certified) and is then listed on Ohio's Nurse Aide Registry which is maintained by the Ohio Department of Health.
Our nurse aide program curriculum provides an in-depth classroom learning and skills experience that includes, but is not limited to:
Under the guidance and supervision of our experienced faculty, students will practice various personal care skills in our nursing skills lab that once mastered, would demonstrate their newly acquired skills in their assigned clinical settings.
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Pour a little bit of dry vermouth in a chilled martini glass and swirl to
coat the inside of the glass. Dispose of excess vermouth. In a shaker full of ice,
gently swirl or stir the vodka before straining into glass.
Serving suggestion: Garnish with olives or lemon twist and add rocks if you like.
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Metro PCS Phone Number
Customer Service Line
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STOP. Don't Call.
The hold time is long & dealing with their reps is frustrating. Save time by telling us your issue:
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Payment Arrangement
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A Consumer Guide To The Insurance Act
As the Insurance Act comes ever closer we feel the importance of understanding the affect it will have on our processes and procedures, and the information we provide to our policyholders with the details needed to understand what it means for them, the consumer.
A Customer Guide To The Act
Following a recent Aviva publication, "A Guide to the Insurance Act", to assist brokers, Aviva have produced a customer guide for us to share with our commercial clients, to help provide further information.
The guide has been designed to explain elements such as Fair Presentation of Risk and Proportionate Remedies in a way that makes it easy for our customers to understand, as well as providing information on the role of the customer, broker and insurer to comply with this new legislation.
The intention of the act is to ensure all parties work more closely together to make sure that relevant and accurate information is gathered and given to insurers, and that consequently the policy works as you, the customer, would expect it to.
The introduction of Aviva's 'Fair Presentation of Risk Guarantee' helps to do this by providing greater clarity over the level of information both insurer and broker require.
Fair Presentation of Risk
Many insurers are now supplying comprehensive question sets for brokers to complete and providing a list of assumptions which must be completed accurately. On the basis these are completed in full most insurers are accepting this as a fair presentation of the risk.
In addition to the above, documentation is changing with a number of insurers to new simpler design, which will incorporate:
- Inner policy limitations showing on the policy schedules
- Clearly laid out cover sections confirming was is and isn't covered.
- Any customer obligations or policy conditions which may exist detailed in either the policy schedule or highlighted in the policy documents
Information courtesy of Aviva Insurance.


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Consolidating the Revolution
Chapter 7
rose up as the opponents of the Constitution during the period of ratification. They advocated a governmental structure that granted power to the states.
The movement in opposition to the disbanding of formal ties between government and religion.
-proved especially formidable in New England. Whereas most states broke all government ties with religion shortly after the Declaration of Independence, the Congregational Church continued collecting tithes (taxes) in New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Massachusetts well into the nineteenth century.
Articles of Confederation
Adopted in 1777 during the Revolutionary War, the Articles were the document that established the United States of America. The Articles granted few powers to the central government and left most powers up to the individual states. The result was a weak, rather ill-defined state. The Articles were replaced by the Constitution in 1789
Name for a legislative system composed of two complementary houses
Bill of Rights
Though the Anti-federalists were not able to block the ratification of the Constitution, they did make progress in ensuring that the Bill of Rights would be created. The Bill of Rights, drafted by a group led by James Madison, was the collection of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guaranteed the civil rights of American citizens.
Checks and Balances
The Constitution set forth a government composed of 3 branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial. Each branch was given certain powers over the others to ensure that no one branch usurped a dangerous amount of power. This system, known as checks and balances, represented the solution to the problem of how to empower the central government, yet protect against corruption and despotism.
The bicameral legislative body set up by the Connecticut Compromise. The two houses of Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives, accorded to both the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan, in that membership numbers in the House were determined by state population, and representatives in the Senate were fixed at two per state.
Connecticut Compromise
Ending weeks of stalemate, the Connecticut Compromise reconciled the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan for determining legislative representation in Congress. The Connecticut Compromise established equal representation for all states in the Senate and proportional representation by population in the House of Representatives.
Newburgh, NY 1783
location of a continental army camp where delegation was sent from to complain about the benefits needed from service in the Revolution
Newburgh Conspiracy
When Congress told the New York army to disband after they hadn't been paid, an anonymus letter circulated among the officers, calling for more direct action against Congress if needs weren't met; Washington was sent to pacify situation.
Philadelphia 1783
Several hundred disgruntled continental soldiers and militiamen gathered in the front of Independence Hall
result of Philadelphia 1783?
Congress fled to Princeton, NJ
-agreed to issue 3 months' pay until they could be formally discharged
Land Ordinance of 1785
-provided for the systematic survey and sale of region west of PA and north of OH River
-area was to be laid out in townships
significance of Land Ordinance of 1785?
-set precedent of rectangular gird pattern of land survey and settlement
-characterizes the Midwest and distinguished it so markedly from the irregular settlement patterns of the older, colonial areas to the east
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
-provided for the political organization of the same interior region
-prohibited importation of new slaves into the region
Land Ordinances impact?
-represented a dramatic change from the days of England's colonial administration
-seeking to restrain white settlement (parliament) vs. central government sought ways to promote expansion via land laws and Amerindian policies
-colonies wouldn't remain colonies subordinate to imperial power, but fully incorporated in expanding nation
Treaty of Fort Stanwix
the first treaty between the newly independent government and an Amerindian tribe, Six Nations officially made peace, ceded most of their lands to the US, and retreated to small reservations
Opening the West:
-treated as people who aided the losing British and were now under American control
Utmost Good Faith Clause
clause within the Northwest Ordinance of 1787;
the US government committed to just, constant practices in their Amerindian policies
Congressional inability to open the interior to white settlement alarmed:
revolutionary soldiers
John Jay
Congressional secretary of foreign affairs
-offered to relinquish American claims to free transmit of the river in return for a commercial treaty opening Spanish Louisanan ports to American shipping
cause for Jay Treaty?
Spain closed ports to American shipments, outraging dependent settlers on getting their produce to ocean vessels
Jay Treaty
offered to relinquish American claims to free transmit of the river in return for a commercial treaty opening Spanish Louisanan ports to American shipping
Robert Morris 1781
appointed by Congress as superintendent of finance
-given broad authority to deal with national debt
Robert Morris policy?
-urged states to stop issuing paper money
-persuaded Congress to demand that the states pay their requisitions in hard money
-persuaded Congress to charter the Bank of North America
-took steps to made federal bond more attractive to investors
Robert Morris 1784
-despair over government's financial situation
-recoup personal fortunes
Hostile Atlantic World
Congress's difficulties dealing with its creditors and failure to counter Spain's closure of Mississippi pointed to a broader problem in American foreign relations
why the Hostility of the Atlantic World?
-Europe continued to harbor imperial ambitions in North America
-the US was new, weak, and republican in an Atlantic world dominated by strong, monarchial governments and divided into exclusive, warring empires
-the US lacked the political unity and the economic muscle to protect essential interest
why France was an uncertain friend?
-imperial power with an absolute monarchy
-feared colonial rebellion
-regarded republicanism as subversive
-efforts to manipulate the peace process for its own advantage taught America about the power politics
Britain during Post-Revolution
-goods from UK were highly desired in the US and sucked the money out of US
Sources of Political Conflicts
-Church vs. State
-Politics vs. Economy
Separating Church and State
Pressures built for severing all ties between church and state
-History shows that an alliances between governmental and church authorities brought about religious oppression
-voluntary choice was the only safe basis for religious association
-Supporters of religious freedom were not prepared to extend it universally, specifically not towards Catholics.
Separating Church and State
-Baptists pressed their cause against Protestant Episcopal Church
-1786: adopted TJ's Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom
Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom
written by Thomas Jefferson
-rejected all connections between church and state
-removed all religious tests for the public office
development of
Slavery Under Attack
-revolutionary principles
-a reduced need for field hands in the depressed Chesapeake tobacco economy
-the continuing national increase among the slave population
-anxiety over black rebellion argued for the slave trade's permanent extinction
Ending the Slave Trade
-reduced the infusion of new Africans into the black population
-even higher proportion of blacks was American born, thus speeding up the cultural transformation by which Africans became African Americans
Slavery During the Revolution
-catchphrases that called for liberty apparently were not applied to 20% of the population that were in chains.
-Southern states and their economy thrived on the slave trade and the free labor it brought
Battle of Wabash
single biggest loss of the US army at the hands of the Iroquois Confederacy
Battle of Wabash
-parallel to F/I war?
-in worse shape than UK following F/I war
-Amerindians supplied by UK
Battle of Fallen Timbers
took place in fallen timber area (windstorm?)
Shawnee Confederacy funded by UK fort Detroit
US won
Battle of Fallen Timbers
leads to Greenville Treaty
Major General A. St. Clair
presided over biggest lost of the US army at the hands of the Iroquois
General Mad Anthony Wayne
fought Battle of Quebec and Saratoga
-fought at Battle of Fallen Timbers
Treaty of Greenville
Amerindians realize lack of support must be pacified with treaty
Treaty of Greenville
-Amerindians to cede if their hunting privileges maintained (major)
-US govt recognizes Amerindians rights to claim land
Annapolis Convention
Five states send conference to Maryland
-Washington presence will validate
-Constitutional Convention
-Shay's Rebellion raised concern
Annapolis Convention
agreed to make another convention in a year's time to improve Articles of Confederation if needed
Continental Impost
proposed tarriffs on imports (nationalist idea) to raise revenue for the post-war economy in debt
Continental Impost?
shows the shortcomings of the Articles and the Continental Congress
Shay's Rebellion
this conflict in Massachusetts caused many to criticize the Articles of Confederation and admit the weak central government was not working; uprising led in an effort to prevent courts from foreclosing on the farms of those who could not pay the taxes
grid system
pattern formed as the lines of latitude and longitude cross one another
Metes and Bounds
A method of land description which involves identifying distances and directions and makes use of both the physical boundaries and measurements of the land
Blue Jacket
Shawnee chief defeated at the Battle of Fallen Timbers
continental currency
when Congress needed money for financing the war, they turned to the idea of printing more paper money, which was done by printing presses in many states, but the high inflation caused the money to be worthless.
Whiskey Rebellion
a protest caused by tax on liquor; it tested the will of the government, Washington's quick response showed the government's strength and mercy
Society of Cincinnati
An elite group of Continental Army who formed an exclusive hereditary order. It was ridiculed by most Americans for its lordly pretensions.
Virginia Plan
Initial proposal at the Constitutional Convention made by the Virginia delegation for a strong central government with a bicameral legislature dominated by the big states
New Jersey Plan
plan presented as an alternative to the Virginia plan at the Constitutional Convention; called for a unicameral legislature in which each State would be equally represented
Three-Fifths Compromise
the agreement by which the number of each state's representatives in Congress would be based on a count of all the free people plus three-fifths of the slaves
Great Compromise
the agreement by which Congress would have two houses, the Senate (where each state gets equal representation-two senators) and the House of Representatives (where representation is based on population).
Federalist Papers
a series of 85 essays written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay (using the name "publius") published in NY newspapers and used to convice readers to adopt the new constitution
fear of the mob
bank bill
The Bank of the United States was chartered by Congress in 1791; it held government funds and was also commercial. It wasn't rechartered in 1811, but a second bank was established in 1816 (1/5 government owned). Jackson opposed it, saying it drove other banks out of business and favored the rich, but Clay favored it. Nicholas Biddle became the bank's president. He made the bank's loan policy stricter and testified that, although the bank had enormous power, it didn't destroy small banks. The bank went out of business in 1836 amid controversy over whether the National Bank was constitutional and should be rechartered.
Tariff of 1792
excise taxes on carriages, auctions, manufactured goods, and sugar to compensate for expenses.
Whiskey Tax
added a tax on whiskey at seven cents a gallon This helped pay of some of the debt., Part of the excise taxes, the whiskey tax added a tax on whiskey at seven cents a gallon This helped pay of some of the debt.
first party system
The federalist party and its opposing republican party competed for control of the presidency. Republican party was made because people saw the federalists as gaining too much power.
Republican Societies
Citizen Genet
French ambassador in US, went around country trying to recruit Americans to fight for French w/o consent of US govt
-kicked out for allowing French warship into Philadelphia, no longer French ambassador in America
Election of 1804
Thomas Jefferson was the odds-on favorite to be reelected in 1804, gaining widespread popularity through the Louisiana Purchase, the repeal of the excise tax on whiskey and by standing up to the Barbary pirates. The president dropped Aaron Burr as his running mate, perhaps unfairly believing that Burr had tried to steal the presidency from him in 1800. A group of New England Federalists known as the Essex Junto (many lived in Essex County north of Boston) began scheming in advance of the election. incumbent Democratic-Republican President Thomas Jefferson against Federalist Charles Cotesworth Pinckney.
Election of 1808
the Democratic-Republican candidate James Madison defeated Federalist candidate Charles Cotesworth Pinckney. Madison had served as United States Secretary of State under incumbent Thomas Jefferson, and Pinckney had been the unsuccessful Federalist candidate in the election of 1804.
French American Settlement
barbary pirates
The name given to several renegade countries on the Mediterranean coast of North Africa who demanded tribute in exchange for refraining from attacking ships in the Mediterranean. From 1795-1801, the U.S. paid the Barbary states for protection against the pirates. Jefferson stopped paying the tribute, and the U.S. fought the Barbary Wars (1801-1805) against the countries of Tripoli and Algeria. The war was inconclusive and the U.S. went back to paying the tribute.
Treaty of 1778
formed between America and France. In return for backing America in the war with resources such as goods, and capital, America agreed to recognize France's claim to the West Indies. No agreement for France's actually gain for taking part in the Alliance would come until after the war was over and America was secure from Britain. The treaty is important because without the support of France, America would have never obtained the capabilities necessary for winning the war. France hoped to weaken Britain by its loss of the American colonies. French were persuaded to support the colonies after the victory at Saratoga. Both parties agreed that they would continue to fight until American Independence was won and neither would conclude a truce or peace without the formal consent of the other and France bound itself neither to seek Canada nor other British possessions on the mainland of North America. It was signed along with the Treaty of Amity and Commerce, in which France recognized the new US country and offered trade concessions, including important privileges in American shipping.
Necessary and Proper Elastic Clause
Clause of the Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) setting forth the implied powers of Congress. It states that Congress, in addition to its express powers, has the power to make all laws "necessary and proper" for executing its given powers
first report on the public credit
written by Alexander Hamilton which declared that the federal government would assume the debts of the individual states. Hamilton believed that these debts would not only give the public confidence in the federal government, but would also emotionally bind them to the government out of a sense of loyalty and gratitude. Since some southern states already paid off their debts, they would receive no benefit from this assumption. The plan offered to put a new national capital in the south, which would eventually become Washington D.C. IT was also to assume the confederation's debts at par, which meant that interest would be included when the debt was paid. Felt that national debt would give the citizens unity and a sense of respect for the government. Third, wanted a national bank, based after band of England, which provided strong institution that printed and circulated paper money.
Non-intercourse Act
forbade trade with France and Britain. It did not succeed in changing British or French policy towards neutral ships, so it was replaced by Macon's Bill No. 2.
Embargo Act
Act that forbade the export of goods from the U.S. in order to hurt the economies of the warring nations of France and Britain. The act slowed the economy of New England and the south. The act was seen as one of many precursors to war.
Chesapeake-Leopard Incident
the US Chesapeake was stopped in the mid-Atlantic by the British Leopard. The British demanded the return and surrender of four deserters from the royal navy, in which the Chesapeake's commanding officer, James Barron, refused, resulting in British attack. Barron relented and the men were seized
Southwestern Confederacy
Burr Conspiracy
Scheme by Vice-President Aaron Burr to lead the succession of the Louisiana Territory from the US and create his own empire. He was captured in 1807 and charged with treason. Because there was no evidence or two witnesses he was acquitted. Marshall upholds the strict rules for trying someone for treason.
Santo Domingo
The political equivalent of an indictment in criminal law, prescribed by the Constitution. The House of Representatives may impeach the president by a majority vote for "Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors."
Marbury vs. Madison
Case in which the supreme court first asserted th power of Judicial review in finding that the congressional statue expanding the Court's original jurisdiction was unconstitutional
midnight appointment
John Adams appointed US Judges including supreme court justice before leaving office
12th Amendment
Brought about by the Jefferson/Burr tie, stated that presidential and vice-presidential nominees would run on the same party ticket. Before that time, all of the candidates ran against each other, with the winner becoming president and second-place becoming vice-president.
Virginia Resolutions
Written anonymously by Jefferson and Madison in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, they declared that states could nullify federal laws that the states considered unconstitutional.
Kentucky Resolutions
These stated that a state had the right to declare a law unconstiutional, or nullify a law, within its borders. These were written by Jefferson and Madison to resist the Alien and Sedition Acts
Sedition Act
made it a crime to write, print, utter, or publish criticism of the president of government
Naturalization Act
act that increased the time to become a US citizen from 5 to 14 years
Alien Act
Allowed the President to remove any foreigner from the country who was thought to be dangerous. Immigrants had to live in America 14 years before being able to vote. Most immigrants were Democratic Republicans, so this kept them from voting for a long time.
Alien Enemies Act
authorized the president to apprehend and deport resident aliens if their home countries were at war with the United States of America; the act remains intact today; At the time, war was considered likely between the U.S. and France.
XYZ Affair
An insult to the American delegation when they were supposed to be meeting French foreign minister, Talleyrand, but instead they were sent 3 officials Adams called "X,Y, and Z" that demanded $250,000 as a bribe to see Talleyrand.
Department of the Navy
An American navy was ceased to exist at the end of the Revolution, but in 1794 Congress authorized the arming of six ships. Three of them: the Constitution, the United States, and the Constellation were completed in 1797. The official Department of the Navy was created in 1798, and by the end of 1799 the number of ships had increased to 33. American ships had also captured 8 French vessels and provided secure passage for American commerce.
Quasi War
- Undeclared war fought entirely at sea between the United States and France from 1798 to 1800. The French began to seize American ships trading with their British enemies and refused to receive a new United States minister when he arrived in Paris in December 1796.
Washington's Farewell Address
Warned Americans not to get involved in European affairs, not to make permanent alliances, not to form political parties and to avoid sectionalism.
Proclamation of Neutrality
Washington declaring the United States a neutral nation in the conflict between Great Britain and France that had begun with the French Revolution. It threatened legal proceedings against any American providing assistance to warring countries.
Pinckney Treaty
Treaty between the U.S. and Spain which gave the U.S. the right to transport goods on the Mississippi river and to store goods in the Spanish port of New Orleans
British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into military service
Election of 1796
The person with the most electoral votes, John Adams, became President and the person with the second most electoral votes, Thomas Jefferson, became Vice President. A problem from this situation was that Adams and Jefferson belonged to different political parties, so political tensions were strong in the Executive Branch. In modern elections, presidential candidates choose their vice presidential candidates to run with them, so the situation in 1796 could not occur.
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Hearing aids in Rhinebeck, NY
We found 58 hearing clinics with 261 reviews within 65.6 miles of Rhinebeck, NY. Show clinics near me.
Hearing professionals near you
Kingston Audiology Center (6.6 miles)
211 Hurley Ave Kingston, NY 12401
Lorri Perry, AuD, CCC-A
Dr. Lorri Perry has over 18 years of experience and earned her Master's of Science Degree in (read more)
ENT and Allergy Associates, LLP - Po… (16.1 miles)
View Clinic Details
Community Hearing Services - Poughke… (16.3 miles)
View Clinic Details
Westwood ENT - Sharon (22.2 miles)
View Clinic Details
Audiologic Solutions, Inc. - Hudson (24.9 miles)
View Clinic Details
Cresswell Audiology (26.5 miles)
2623 Rt 52 Hopewell Junction, NY 12533
Tracey Cresswell, AuD, FAAA
Dr. Tracey Cresswell is the owner of Cresswell Audiology. She earned her Doctor of Audiology (read more)
Family Hearing Center (27.7 miles)
View Clinic Details
ENT and Allergy Associates, LLP - Fishkill (27.7 miles)
200 Westage Business Ctr Ste 224 Fishkill, NY 12524
Carmelina Cerrone, MA, FAAA
Audiologist Carmelina Cerrone earned her Master of Arts in Audiology from St. John's University (read more)
ENT and Allergy Associates, LLP - New Windsor (29.8 miles)
103 Executive 3rd Fl- Ste 500 New Windsor, NY 12553
James Gahn, MA, CCC-A, FAAA
James holds a Master of Arts degree in Audiology from Kent State University. He has held clinical (read more)
Barrington Audiology / Berkshire Faculty Services (32.9 miles)
780 S Main St Ste 103 Great Barrington, MA 01230
Glen Datres, Au.D., FAAA
Dr. Datres has practiced Audiology since 1984, after graduating from Ithaca College with a (read more)
Hearing Aid Specialists of CT - New Milford (37 miles)
337 Danbury Rd New Milford, CT 06776
Carol Maksimow, BC-HIS, ACA
Carol Maksimow founded Hearing Aid Specialists of CT in 1994, serving our local communities with (read more)
Community Hearing Services - Carmel (39.6 miles)
View Clinic Details
Charlotte Hungerford Hospital Ear, Nose & Throat (40.9 miles)
540 Litchfield St Torrington, CT 06790
Lawrence Hearing LLC - Middletown (41.3 miles)
View Clinic Details
Advanced Audiology and Hearing Aid S… (43.9 miles)
View Clinic Details
ENT and Allergy Associates, LLP - Yorktown Heights (44 miles)
2651 Strang Blvd Ste 110 Yorktown Heights, NY 10598
Marisa Thylstrup, AuD, CCC-A, FAAA
Licensed Doctor of Audiology Marisa Thylstrup earned her Master of Science degree in Audiology, with (read more)
Madison Hearing Center (46.6 miles)
81 Miller Rd Ste 700 Castleton On Hudson, NY 12033
Christine Raffo, Au.D., FAAA
Christine leads the qualified staff of audiologists at Madison and Saratoga Hearing Centers as Owner (read more)
hEARt Ear Boutique (47.1 miles)
View Clinic Details
Cathleen A Alex AuD (47.4 miles)
2 Pomperaug Office Park Ste 307 Southbury, CT 06488
Cathleen Alex, Au.D., CCC-A, FAAA
Doctor of Audiology Board Certified by the American Board of Audiology providing services to both (read more)
Hearing Aid Specialists of CT - Southbury (48.6 miles)
1449 Old Waterbury Rd Suite 303 Southbury, CT 06488
Carol Maksimow, BC-HIS, ACA
Carol founded Hearing Aid Specialists of CT in 1994, serving our local communities with offices in (read more)
Hearing Aid Associates (49.6 miles)
View Clinic Details
Berkshire Ear Nose and Throat (49.7 miles)
View Clinic Details
Greylock Audiology, LLC (49.7 miles)
510 North St Suite 9 Pittsfield, MA 01201
Andrew Puttick, Au.D., CCC-A, FAAA
Dr. Puttick is a state licensed audiologist with a clinical certificate of competency in Audiology. (read more)
Audiologic Solutions, Inc. (49.8 miles)
View Clinic Details
Easter Seals Center for Better Heari… (49.8 miles)
View Clinic Details
Saint Peters Hospital (49.9 miles)
1240 New Scotland Rd Ste 100 Slingerlands, NY 12159
Debra Trees, Au.D., CCC-A, Audiology Supervisor
Debra Trees, Au.D. is the Audiology Supervisor at St. Peter's Hospital, where she has worked for (read more)
Westwood ENT - Waterbury (50.4 miles)
View Clinic Details
Hearing Balance and Speech Center - … (50.4 miles)
View Clinic Details
Naugatuck Valley ENT (50.4 miles)
View Clinic Details
Community Hearing Services - Mount K… (51.4 miles)
View Clinic Details
Mt Kisco Medical Group PC (51.5 miles)
110 S Bedford Rd Mount Kisco, NY 10549
Robin Rudolph, AuD
Robin earned her Audiology degree Pennsylvania College of Optometry School of Audiology and (read more)
Advanced Hearing Aids (51.9 miles)
5 Chesire Rd Ste 112 Pittsfield, MA 01201
Ronald Lemoine, HIS
Ronald Lemoine is Board Certified and Licensed for 27 years. He provides expert hearing care (read more)
Lawrence Hearing LLC - Warwick (52 miles)
View Clinic Details
Hudson Valley Audiology PC (52.9 miles)
11 Medical Park Dr St 205 Pomona, NY 10970
Jeff Shannon, AuD, FAAA, Owner, Director
Doctor of Audiology Jeffrey Shannon earned his Bachelor of Electrical Engineering degree from the (read more)
Greenspan Audiology PC (53.7 miles)
144 N State Rd Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510
Pam Greenspan, Au.D., CCC-A, FAAA
Pam Greenspan earned her Doctorate in Audiology from the University of Florida, Gainesville and is (read more)
Albany ENT & Allergy Services PC (54.1 miles)
400 Patroon Creek Blvd Ste 209 Albany, NY 12206
Deanna Ross, AuD
Dr. Deanna Ross manages the Hearing Center at Albany ENT & Allergy Services. Dr. Ross earned her (read more)
Phelps Memorial Hospital Ctr (56.8 miles)
View Clinic Details
Advanced Audiology Services PC (56.9 miles)
View Clinic Details
Rockland Ear, Nose and Throat Associ… (57.7 miles)
View Clinic Details
ENT And Allergy Associates, LLP - West Nyack (57.9 miles)
1 Crosfield Ave Ste 201 West Nyack, NY 10994
Arielle Feiman, Au.D., CCC-A
Arielle earned her Bachelor of Science from Emerson College. She went on to earn her Clinical (read more)
ENT and Allergy Associates, LLP - Sl… (58.1 miles)
View Clinic Details
Audiology & Hearing Aid Solutions - … (58.2 miles)
View Clinic Details
Hearing Solutions (58.2 miles)
View Clinic Details
ENT Faculty Practice (58.3 miles)
19 Bradhurst Ave Ste 3600 S Hawthorne, NY 10532
Randi Sherman, PhD, CCC-A
Dr. Randi Sherman earned her Master's degree in Audiology from Queens College and earned her (read more)
The Hearing Center, LLC (58.6 miles)
View Clinic Details
Audiology Associates - Pauline Bailey (59.9 miles)
View Clinic Details
Advanced Hearing Services, Inc (60.7 miles)
View Clinic Details
A A Hearing Aid Center (60.7 miles)
View Clinic Details
Hearing and Balance Associates of Fairfield County (61.4 miles)
761 Main Ave Ste 101 Norwalk, CT 06851
Dawn Boyce, M.S., CCC-A
Dawn earned her Certificate of Clinical Competence from the American Speech-Language Hearing (read more)
Park City Hearing Aid Service (61.5 miles)
3450 Main St Bridgeport, CT 06606
Pat Gerety, HIS
Pat Garety is a state-licensed Hearing Instrument Specialist and has been educated through (read more)
Dann Hearing Center of Norwalk (61.7 miles)
View Clinic Details
Andrew J Parker MD LLC (62.1 miles)
View Clinic Details
Hearing Balance and Speech Center - … (62.1 miles)
View Clinic Details
Hearing & Speech Associates (62.7 miles)
View Clinic Details
Pronesti Audiology PLLC - Stamford (62.8 miles)
View Clinic Details
ENT Specialists (63.5 miles)
2600 Post Rd Southport, CT 06890
Linda Schulman, MS, FAAA
Linda is a highly qualified and experienced Audiologist. She will help you with all of your hearing (read more)
Yale Hearing and Balance (64.7 miles)
2874 Main St Stratford, CT 06614
Jennifer Hopper, Au.D
Jennifer Hopper is a Clinical Audiologist and is the Manager of the Hearing and Balance Center. She (read more)
Hearing Health Care Associates, Inc. (65.6 miles)
View Clinic Details


text:
By Ruth Ball
A scrumptious heritage of the key, fascinating and infrequently risky international of illicit spirits
For so long as spirits have existed, there was anyone doing anything relatively naughty with them: promoting gin via pipes in a London again alley; status safeguard on a Cornish clifftop expecting a smuggler's sign; or dodging bombs and shrapnel working whisky within the Blitz. it's a historical past that's exciting, completely attention-grabbing and uniquely British.
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From the gin allotted from a cat's paw on the Puss and Mew store which can were the world's first merchandising laptop, to entire funeral cortèges staged simply to movement a coffin packed with whisky, the tales sing their own praises the entire great wit and ingenuity required to stick one drink sooner than the legislations. The accompanying recipes are only as exciting: How did we drink gin sooner than tonic? was once punch relatively made with curdled milk? Or breakfast served with brandy porridge, and gin combined into scorching ale? What did the previous fairly flavor like?
Preview of Rebellious Spirits: The Illicit History of Booze in Britain PDF
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Extra resources for Rebellious Spirits: The Illicit History of Booze in Britain
The folk of Polperro could come jointly back to guard their very own after an unlucky incident in 1799 introduced the strength of the legislations down challenging on their group. A Polperro send, the Lottery, was once getting back from a run to Guernsey on Boxing Day 1798 whilst a small customs boat drew along and unfurled its legit blue flag. The team of the Lottery fired at the customs boat. the 3 musket photographs they fired have been most likely meant as a caution, yet considered one of them hit an officer within the head, killing him immediately. The Lottery workforce lower their anchor cable and took off for Polperro, unaware they'd killed an officer. after they realized the inside track, the boys accountable have been hidden within the city – however the send, which might were pointed out by way of the surviving officials, had nowhere to conceal and needed to proceed plying the smuggling path to Guernsey. part the shipment had already been brought to Plymouth for the Christmas celebrations, and the population could were fortunately making their manner via huge amounts of smuggled brandy, tea, tobacco, sugar and spice, thoroughly ignorant of the violence that have been all for bringing the products to their doorways. Many Christmas beverages have been almost like daily beverages, simply ate up in greater amounts – yet one used to be targeted to the season: the wassail, which might be provided to teams of wassailers at each door as they made their approach round city. even if the culture used to be historical, the recipe replaced through the years. This recipe, written in 1827 as a checklist of the way it used to be 'formerly prepared', is as regards to how it could were loved in Plymouth because the Lottery staff fled for his or her lives. I've made a couple of additional tweaks to deliver it extra based on a few older recipes and mentions. WASSAIL: the unique placed right into a bowl part a pound of Lisbon sugar; pour on it one pint of hot beer; grate a nutmeg and a few ginger into it: upload 4 glasses of sherry and 5 extra pints of beer; stir it good; sweeten it for your flavor: permit it stand coated up or 3 hours, then positioned 3 or 4 slices of bread reduce skinny and toasted brown into it, and it truly is healthy to be used . . . The Wassail Bowl, or Wassail Cup, was once previously ready in approximately an identical means as current, excepting that roasted apples, or crab apples, have been brought rather than toasted bread. R. cook dinner, Oxford evening Caps: a suite of Receipts for Making quite a few drinks (1827) THE ALCHEMIST'S model four huge cooking apples 300g sugar 50g butter 250ml brandy 1 inch piece of clean ginger, peeled and chopped high-quality � an entire nutmeg (or � tsp floor nutmeg) 6 pints of darkish ale or cider (or three litres) First get rid of the cores from the apples and stand them up in a small roasting dish. Weigh out 75g of the sugar and placed 1 / 4 of that sugar, plus 1 / 4 of the butter, into each one apple. conceal the dish with foil and bake at 200°C for part an hour, or till the apples are virtually falling aside. in the meantime, positioned the remainder 225g of sugar right into a huge bowl with the ginger, grate over the nutmeg and stir all of it up jointly.


text:
TEAMCMS Driver Ambassador Report
A weekend of positive results for Nelson Mason and the Teo Martin Motorsport team as Nelson found his best result of the season with a fifth-place finish and Top Rookie in Race 1.
May 29
May 29
May 26
May 24
For the fourth consecutive year the World Series Formula V8 3.5 land at the Circuit de Jerez
The World Series Formula V8 3.5 and the spectacular sound of its V8 engine will roar for the 4th time at the Circuito de Jerez, accompanied by the exciting races of the Clio Spain Cup, with free access to the paddock and tribunes for fans to pass to the action by participating in the unique experiences offered by the Renault Passion Experience.
May 08
First in-season test for MotoGP™ concludes in southern Spain
After Dani Pedrosa (Repsol Honda Team) took his first win of the year on Sunday, bikes were back out on track the following day for the Jerez Test – the first post-race test of the year. The tyre allocation for the test was the same as available throughout the weekend, plus an extra front option with a stiffer construction, in a medium and hard compound – a key component for the grid to evaluate.
May 04
May 01
Mar 31
Mar 25
Telmex Rookie Diego Menchaca Shines In Jerez
Nelson Mason (Teo Martín Motorsport) opened the afternoon session under a cloudy sky , followed by his team-mate Kostantin Tereschenko later on. The rest of the drivers joined the track progressively. The teams carried on with some pit-stop practices and prepare their cars for race simulation, with some of the drivers still practicing their starts at the exit of the Pit Lane.
Mar 24
Final Pre-Season Collective tests in World Series Formula V8 3.5
The sun shone in the Circuito de Jerez at the start of the first session in the Final Pre-Season Collective tests in World Series Formula V8 3.5. Rookie Damiano Fioravanti (ll Barone Rampante) has set the fastest lap (1.26. 828) ahead of Pietro Fittipaldi (Lotus) and Matevos Isaakyan (SMP Racing by AVF)
Mar 10
Jan 26
Jan 16
Oct 31
It has been a sensational weekend at Jerez for the eight and penultimate round of the 2016 Formula V8 3.5 series
After the incredibly successful opener at Motorland Aragón, with 51.000 fans on-track, Jerez provided another massive turnout, with more than 36.500 people crowding the grandstands and the pit-lane.
Oct 31
Oct 30
Louis Delétraz (Fortec Motorsports) brought home his second pole position of the year in qualifying 2 of the Formula V8 3.5 series at Jerez
The young Swissman completed a late flying lap of 1:26.943 which also stands as the quickest mark set so far this weekend. Delétraz continues in his hunt for the championship lead and will be joined on the front row by fellow rookie and Renault Sport Academy driver Jack Aitken (RP Motorsport) who ended up just 0.003s adrift.
Oct 30
Matevos Isaakyan (SMP Racing) sailed to his maiden Formula V8 3.5 win today in race 1 at Jerez in front of thousands specators
The Russian driver inherited the point on lap 19 when the leading car of team-mate Matthieu Vaxiviere lost the braking point at the chicane and was forced to yield. Isaakyan, who was also the best rookie of the day, crossed the line in front of fellow SMP Racing-supported driver Egor Orudzhev (Arden Motorsport) and by Vaxiviere.
Oct 29
Jack Aitken continued in a stunning Formula V8 3.5 championship debut today at Jerez
The British racer, who is part of the Renault Sport Academy, cruised to pole at his first race in the series and also handed RP Motorsport their maiden pole after leading yesterday's Collective Test 2. Aitken set a personal fastest laptime of 1:26.978 to top fellow rookie for 2016 Matevos Isaakyan (SMP Racing). The Russian, who was back in contention after missing Monza, found the right pace straight away.
Oct 28
The World Series Festival shined in the towns of Sevilla and Jerez with two great road exhibitions
The Mexican driver, Alfonso Celis JR, and his team in the Formula V8 3.5, AVF, and the authorities of both cities, made it happen! The AVF Formula V8 3.5 car and the F1 development driver Alfonso Celis Jr starred the show in front of thousands of visitors of one of the most popular monuments in Sevilla, the Plaza de España.
Oct 22


text:
Frootiez experience has taught us that consumers need solutions rather than products which led to ÔÇťPureÔÇÖn More snackboxÔÇŁ .
PnM snackbox envisions to bring pleasure, convenience and responsibility to snacking.
Launched in the Netherlands we are working out ways to take ÔÇťPnmsnackboxÔÇŁ value proposition to other markets in Europe and also into the US


text:
You must register to post or download hacks.
If you are having any issues, shoot us an email, Contact MPGH Support.
As always, have fun and enjoy your stay!
- MPGH Staff
What server? I really wanna get that sword.
umm cysero
im in where r u?? my name is MR_mappy
i tryed pming you


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westside Bronco
Houston at New England
New England
Used, Rams, Seahawks, Patriots
Type: Posts; User: westside Bronco
westside Bronco
Houston at New England
New England
Used, Rams, Seahawks, Patriots
westside Bronco
San francisco 49ers at Seattle Seahawks
Seattle Seahawks
Used: Rams, Seahawks
westside Bronco
49ers at Seahawks
Used Rams, Seahawks
Westside Bronco
Colts at Rams
Used: Rams
[B]bal @CINCY
Great to See Fellow Bronco Fans Meeting up for a game.
Choices Limited but its all about the DESIRE !!
Hope the Beer is flowing and no fighting in the stands. ...
Maybe time for some Chiefs Talk?
They are a Main Competitor in the division.
Their D-Line, from what I hear is impressive so far (early I know)
Containing Speedster ...
Too late to bring KRAP in.
Don't need that distraction
And hey, need to maintain that 10-15 year wait list. Wouldn't want that to go down!
What about the TIE ?? :P
Was I the only one to see the NFL Network BLUNDER on picking the SEAHAWKS record for this Season ?
Heath Evans and the Other guy were going through LAST YEARS ...
Thanks FRENCHY I will be on the phone lines at 1pm. Pacific.
I am WESTSIDE !:peace:
The CANADIAN wrote an extensive Post. Or should I say Chapter from a Broncos History Book.
Lets now get the History on the STANLEY CUP ! :peace:
I too am interested when Single Game Tickets will be available for 2017 Season.
Some great games... like GIANTS... BIG BLUE WOULD LOVE TO SEE YOU !:peace:
To add to that BRADY BOY MILLER who has gained strength and Knowledge
From his Pass Rushing Academy[/B]
A little MR. MACK RUBBING OF ON YOU CAN'T HURT.
But ...
Is Management stable in K.C ?
[Will Andy pick up from John Dorsey ?
A little turmoil doesn't hurt ? Or Does it ?
Should be an interesting start to the ...
He landed in Baltimore.
Gonna soar with he Ravens, and grab balls from Mr. Flaco.
Good fit ? Possibly.
Any Raven fans care to comment hear?:peace:
Is there are replacement for Jeremy Maclin, or are the CHIEFS sticking with Speedy Tyreek and Conley ?
Andy Reid Is a Smart Man So is Dorsey.
We will soon find out...
The Chef that worked at the Local Bar who got caught in the Meat Cutter.
I see they are offering a coupon to come back for Lunch !
EWEEEEE !!!!:sad:
Not a Reg. at that Bar.
It was across from A Baseball Staduim, before a game.
Next game, will find a different Bar, that's how those things go.
Also, when I...
Just to be clear, I was NOT sleeping, just relaxing.
Fine line I guess..
Over the weekend some Bartender told me "You have to keep your eyes OPEN when you are sitting at the Bar."
I have never heard of that rule.
Is this a...
New Draft pick Demarcus Walker better get used to the Snow... He is going to ALOT of it.
Slipping , Sliding, and chasing down those Chiefs, Chargers, and well ... those ...
Chiefs wait list is ZERO how about that..
Stress free, no need to wonder how long the wait will be.
Just jump in and enjoy CHIEFS FOOTBALL !
Besides Spiller, Pretty quiet on the Free Agent front.
Eric Berry was a big move. That Guy is determined.
If you think we can get enough together and a place to do one, sure.
We have a month to get going.


text:
When I post a comment on a thread or comment to a fan, after I hit submit, it goes to a page that says "PING"
by Marisa Wright5 years ago
This has been perplexing me for a while - has something changed or have I just gone ga-ga?Being in a different time zone from most Hubbers, I rely on being able to click the "Your" button to catch up with...
by BlissfulWriter5 years ago
Wordpress submits each post to ping services like pingomatic. Should we be submitting our Hubs to these services or submit a ping each time we post a new Hub?
by couturepopcafe5 years ago
The forums will not allow me to submit comments. Why?
by Motown2Chitown3 years ago
Some of us are encountering an issue in the forum. On the front page, it will indicate that responses have been made since we last participated in a thread, but when we click on the name of the most recent respondent,...
by Marissa5 years ago
I noticed the past few days that any notifications of comments don't appear in the notifications list until I approve the comment. (I am seeing the comments as they show up next to the Hubs link on the homepage, so that...
by Pani Midnyte Odin7 years ago
Okay, so there was a thread somewhere out there where I saw someone recommend "pinging" my hubs. I "pinged" one of them and the traffic has increased DRAMATICALLY. I want to ping my other hubs too,...
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