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Tag Archives: knitting
Episode 52: Winter Knitting At The Beach
Listen Here Susan and I retreated to the Cape for a weekend of knitting, beach walks (no swimming, Cozy Couch), shopping, food, and more knitting. It was divine! This is what we talked about. Shoutouts Scitchr's Birkenbush, Smithmks' Grammy's hat … Continue reading
Posted in cowl, Knitting, Podcasts, Shawls, Sweaters Tagged Arne & Carlos, books, cowl, knitting, Susan B. Anderson, sweaters, yarn Leave a comment
Episode 48: Shawls galore and a bike seat cover!
Listen Here! Shout Outs: Annie1970's Tropicalsocks (Rye by Tincan Knits) Spinningrails Damson Shawl KnittinCarri's Another Monster Smithmks' Yowza Weigh It shawl Off The Needles Susan: Sally: Another Bike Seat Cover! OnThe Needles: Kris: Screen Door – Plucky knitter – Mad … Continue reading
Posted in Knitalongs, Knitting, Podcasts, Shawls, Uncategorized Tagged books, knitting, mysteries, podcasts, shawls Leave a comment
Episode 46: Winter Wonderland???
Listen Here Shout outs: Epistrophy smurphy2 perfect, Love, Love, Love! Kate Davies Design Alta, by Amy Herzog. gorgeous sweater with perfect fit http://www.ravelry.com/projects/smithmks/tree-gift-card-igans-2 cute xmas project idea. little gift card holders. Nice! http://www.ravelry.com/projects/knitstersusan/dinner-in-the-eiffel-tower-shawl beautiful crescent shaped shawl, designed by Jesse … Continue reading
Posted in Knitting, mitts, owl, Podcasts, Shawls, Sweaters, Uncategorized Tagged books, Cecily Glowik MacDonald, knitting, mysteries, sweaters, yarn Leave a comment
Episode 45: Unselfish Knitting
Listen Here! Shout Outs http://www.ravelry.com/projects/smithmks/puppy-dog-hat http://www.ravelry.com/projects/DJdee/deer-with-little-antlers-hat http://www.ravelry.com/projects/DJdee/graham-3 Off The Needles Sally: 4 pairs http://www.ravelry.com/patterns/library/super-bulky-fingerless-mittens Green Mountain Spinnery Vest for Molly Cadeautje Kris: Knit your Love is finally blocked! Susan: Super bulky toe up socks no purl ribbed scarf from Purl Bee … Continue reading
Posted in Knitting, mitts, Podcasts, Sweaters, Uncategorized Tagged Cecily Glowik MacDonald, Hilltop Handspun, Holiday Knitting, knitting, mitts, mysteries, Susan Ashcroft, sweaters, yarn Leave a comment
Episode 42: So Much To Say!
Listen Here: We're back! We were so glad to be together and we had so much to share. Here are the important links: Shout Outs: These are some highlights culled from our forum page. We love seeing this stuff! Thanks for … Continue reading
Posted in Knitalongs, Knitting, Podcasts, Uncategorized Tagged books, friends, knitting, podcasts, shawls Leave a comment
Episode 39: Chocolate Donuts…….
Listen Here: Shout- Outs! Velvetowl's Gnarled Oak Cardigan, Victoriablue's Top Down Crochet Jacket, and Susanvknit's Marathon Scarf Off Our Needles: Susan finally has her Garland off her needles, just in time for the return of cold weather here in … Continue reading
Posted in Knitting, Podcasts, Shawls, Uncategorized Tagged knitting, mysteries, yarn 3 Comments
Episode 38: Short and Skyped!
Listen here! This episode could also be known as Ladies Of The Snit-we heard there is a podcast with that name-brilliant! . It is March. It is very cold. There is still snow on the ground. The end is not … Continue reading
Posted in Knitalongs, Knitting, Podcasts, Shawls, Sweaters, Uncategorized Tagged Boston Marathon Scarf Project, knitting, mysteries 2 Comments
Episode 37: Knitting for Gold
Listen Here! Off our needles:These have been off the needles for a while, but they are worth sharing, and the notes need some color. these are the Borough Mitts made from kool-aid dyed yarn. Sally gave them to her daughter … Continue reading
Episode 34: Rhinebeck Round Up & More
Listen here! This episode found Susan and Sally sharing all their news and stash from Rhinebeck with Kris. Kris had her own stash additions. In a nutshell… Off The Needles: Susan finished her beautiful Levenwick just in time to wear … Continue reading
Posted in cowl, Holiday Knitting, Knitalongs, Knitting, mitts, Podcasts, Shawls, Sweaters, Uncategorized Tagged knitting, Rhinebeck, sweaters, yarn Leave a comment
Episode 33: Ready for Rhinebeck!
Listen here! We are only 2 Ladies of the Knit this episode- Kris couldn't join us. We can't wait to see her next time. We hear she went to Loop in Philly and added to her stash. However, Sally and Susan are … Continue reading
Posted in cowl, Knitalongs, Knitting, mitts, Podcasts, Shawls, Sweaters, Uncategorized Tagged audio books, Cecily Glowik MacDonald, cowls, Gudrun Johnson, Knitalong, knitting, shawls, Susan Ashcroft, sweaters, yarn Leave a comment


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Read excerpt from the latest blog post (1/4/2017).
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If you know the refrigerator repair part you need, you can browse the list of all parts on the RV1299REW00, or you can search by name or part description. You can also find your part by where it is located on the RV1299REW00 by selecting a section below. If you're not sure which part you need, you can narrow your search by selecting a common symptom and we'll show you the repair parts most likely to fix your refrigerator. We've also included any installation videos we have for RV1299REW00 parts. Installation instructions provided by other do-it-yourselfers will help guide you through your repair.
This capacitor is also known as a run capacitor, and it is most often used in refrigerators and freezers. This part provides the voltage or energy current required to start the com...
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Appliance spray paint is a great way to cover up any chips and scratches that have appeared on your appliances. Instead of replacing the part entirely, this is an easy fix. This is also a great way to give a fresh new look to any handles or areas that have discoloring due to wear. Make sure to clean the area before you begin and wear a protective mask for safety. Give the can a good shake and spray a few inches away from the surface. Apply the paint until the area is fully covered as desired. Wait until the paint has dried before using the appliance.
The door gasket is used on vertical freezers. Screws are no longer included with this product. The gasket creates a tight closure around the opening of the door to ensure that outside air does not enter the freezer, causing it to warm up. If you notice that your freezer is not closing properly, is not maintaining the proper temperature, or there is frost build up, it could be due to the breakdown of the door gasket. It is white in color. This is an easy repair that should not take longer than 60 minutes and only requires a nutdriver to fix.
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Show us the best screenshot from your time in the beta and you could walk away with your very own Founders Pack!
Ready the mainsails! Our ship captains have been taking to the skies in the closed beta for Cloud Pirates, and we want to see the action! Show us the best screenshot from your time in the beta for a chance to win a Founders Pack and special forum title.
Entry Period:
- October 21 to October 24
- Upload a screenshot and share it in the contest entry thread.
- Screenshots can be found in \MyGames\CloudPirates\Personal\Screenshots
- Only 1 screenshot per player.
- Creative and exciting screenshots are a bonus! We want to see the most exciting moment from your time in the beta.
- No alteration (Photoshop, etc) will be allowed.
- Original screenshots only. Submissions that violate the Code of Conduct or use copyrighted material will be disqualified.
- Winners will be chosen by the community based on the amount of votes received on their forum post.
- 1st - Admiral Founder's Pack + special forum title.
- 2nd - Captain Founder's Pack + special forum title.
- 3rd - Navigator Founder's Pack + special forum title.
Swab the decks, ready the rigging, and keep your screenshot button primed!
-The Cloud Pirates Team


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Nov 21, 2010From the Chemical Chords recording sessions, the tunes on Not Music have the same great production and artistic flavor. In places, the sounds broaden out a bit into new territory, but the overall effect still astounding. These guys remain the best kept "secret" in all of alternative music.
The WireDec 22, 2010The polished arrangements, alien harmonies and attention to detail that have characterised Stereolab output over the years are all present and to the usual high standard. [Nov 2010, p.60]
UncutDec 20, 2010Though this showcases the group;'s customary modular wit, it doesn't give Laetitia Sadier much to work with tune-wise. [Dec 2010, p.106]


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August 30, 2014 Total Views: 4883 Today: 1
Hotel Dei Mori Bed and Breakfast Florence, Located in Florence's historical centre, the Dei Mori Bed&Breakfast has a terrace. It offers free WiFi in public areas and traditionally furnished accommodation with a private bathroom. Rooms at the Dei Mori come with air conditioning, soundproofing and a hairdryer. Florence Cathedral is 300 metres from the property. The Uffizi Gallery is a 3-minute walk away. (Hotel Dei Mori Bed and Breakfast Florence hotels booking).


text: Interview: =[JFF]=EsaPetteri 7/21/2013 =[JFF]=Ardens: Hi Esa, Do you have time for some questions? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: ow yes =[JFF]=Ardens: How did you end up finding JFF? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i played on UG servers back then, some ppl f***** it up and thunder ask me to visit JFF... =[JFF]=Ardens: exciting =[JFF]=Ardens: Was JFF your favorite server when you found it? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: ofc... also only one...but yeah favorite also =[JFF]=Ardens: What was your favorite part about JFF before you joined? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: gotta say community, and members that made it. =[JFF]=Ardens: i gotta say that as well =[JFF]=Ardens: When you joined, did you think JFF would last this long? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i haven't actually thought bout it ever...i just go with the flow and if JFF ever falls it will be end for my gaming clan community suff... =[JFF]=Ardens: Who do you miss the most after they left JFF? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i would say Arctic... young but awesome person. we got along really well i would say =[JFF]=Ardens: What do you think is the future of JFF? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: hmm...hoping that it will stay how it is...there's always some lil stuff we can make better but basic concept is okay to me. =[JFF]=Ardens: What would you change in JFF if you could? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: nothing i guess..every member and user makes JFF...so can't really say what i want to change. even i could find some stuff i couldn't change personalities =[JFF]=Ardens: Do you plan ever leaving JFF? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: no. =[JFF]=Ardens: What are some hobbies of yours? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: building cars mostly... =[JFF]=Ardens: <3 =[JFF]=Ardens: What is your favorite car? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: hmm...i'm building SAABs but favorite one would be Aston Martin Vanquish =[JFF]=Ardens: those look sexy =[JFF]=Ardens: What is one place you would like to visit? (Besides my room) =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: miami would be okay =[JFF]=Ardens: miami is nice =[JFF]=Ardens: What is your favorite food and drink? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: everything with curry and chili goes...drink...hmm...everything with those two not in it goes...cola and beer is cood(good*) =[JFF]=Ardens: so cood =[JFF]=Ardens: Do you have any pets? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: lil esa, and no you can't have picture of it. =[JFF]=Ardens: What is your favorite movie? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: Gladiator =[JFF]=Ardens: Which music genre do you prefer? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: 90's Dance and some weird rock. rock like linkin park, pop evil....lots of 80's one hit wonder close to my heart also =[JFF]=Ardens: 80's and 90's has nice dance music ;P =[JFF]=Ardens: How did you get your name? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: just added two finnish name together...Esa and Petteri. kinda goofy names here =[JFF]=Ardens: so smart ^^ =[JFF]=Ardens: Do you have a girlfriend? Can we see a picture? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: no and...no and no =[JFF]=Ardens: now you are in a bad mood =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: okay here is a pivture of her...http://www.thehollywoodliberal.com/bush_drag.jpg =[JFF]=Ardens: lol =[JFF]=Ardens: Do you have some words of wisdom for the others in JFF before we close? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i think i have already said enough? =[JFF]=Ardens: i agree =[JFF]=Ardens: alrighty esa funny interview, cya around m8 =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: oki...cya m8 -Behind The Scenes- =[JFF]=Ardens: esa =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: sup? =[JFF]=Ardens: you want to do an interview? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: lol again? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: sure =[JFF]=Ardens: what? =[JFF]=Ardens: i haven't done one for you have I? xD i hope not =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: xD =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: just do it man xD =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: you haven't =[JFF]=Ardens: lol you're talking about the old one =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: yea =[JFF]=Ardens: well we need updated girlfriend so =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: errr =[JFF]=Ardens: =[JFF]=Ardens: Hi Esa, Do you have time for some questions? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: on hold =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: no =[JFF]=Ardens: you beyter have a pic boi =[JFF]=Ardens: How did you end up finding JFF? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: of a boy...hundreds =[JFF]=Ardens: gay porn? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: it all started in a year 1929.... =[JFF]=Ardens: amen, preach it =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i played on UG servers back then =[JFF]=Ardens: exciting =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: some ppl f***** it up and thunder ask me to visit JFF... =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: xD =[JFF]=Ardens: he is such a gentleman =[JFF]=Ardens: =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: that was short version.. =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: thx =[JFF]=Ardens: We get it I think =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i haven't actually thought bout it ever...i just go with the flow and if JFF ever falls it will be end for my gaming clan community suff... =[JFF]=Ardens: hippie =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: got weed? =[JFF]=Ardens: call me =[JFF]=Ardens: Who do you miss the most after they left JFF? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: hmm...tricky one... =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: so many nice members have left us in these years... =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: but if i have to name one... =[JFF]=Ardens: don't hurt someone's feelings =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i would say Arctic =[JFF]=Ardens: barely remember him, if at all =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: yeah...estonian guy =[JFF]=Ardens: ah =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: young but awsome person =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: we got along really well i would say =[JFF]=Ardens: you've lost your childhood friend? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: JFF childhood? =[JFF]=Ardens: indeed =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: yeah =[JFF]=Ardens: :[ =[JFF]=Ardens: well girlfriend is soon i can't get all teary eye'd =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: xD =[JFF]=Ardens: =[JFF]=Ardens: What would you change in JFF if you could? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: ... =[JFF]=Ardens: ,,, =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: some... =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: stuff.. =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: err =[JFF]=Ardens: explain =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: nothing i guess... =[JFF]=Ardens: not a big deal... just everyone in the community watching =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: xD =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: every member and user makes JFF...so can't really say what i want to change. even i could find some stuff i couldn't change personalities =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: . =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: long enough? =[JFF]=Ardens: i cried =[JFF]=Ardens: so beautiful =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i wank =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: it is =[JFF]=Ardens: with thunder =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: love between me and my *****... =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: and thundy honey ofc =[JFF]=Ardens: wonderful poetry here folks =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: whahaha =[JFF]=Ardens: get this wisdom into your head people =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: !! =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: building cars mostly... =[JFF]=Ardens: <3 =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: just got my project car ready....driven it like 3 weeks and i broke it last friday. =[JFF]=Ardens: 200 mph? =[JFF]=Ardens: *looks up mph on google* =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: but i managed to keep up with my m8 1200hp BMW xD all worth it =[JFF]=Ardens: LOL =[JFF]=Ardens: 1200hp??? xD nicely done =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: hmm yeah...nah, we raced some where 270-280 km/h =[JFF]=Ardens: nice =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: both had bad start...and both burned rubber to 200km/h =[JFF]=Ardens: hahahah xD =[JFF]=Ardens: gotta love that smell of rubber =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: tbh we both killed our engines in to that race... =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: rebuilding mine will take like 350€ and his like 10000€ =[JFF]=Ardens: lol =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: so i guess i won? =[JFF]=Ardens: all worth it? yes. =[JFF]=Ardens: What is one place you would like to visit? (Besides my room) =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: thundys room =[JFF]=Ardens: <3 watch for his lil turtle =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: but also miami would be okay =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: yeah =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i have my own ponies =[JFF]=Ardens: miami is nice =[JFF]=Ardens: go in the winter time though. summer time is way too hot. =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: so i have been told...my best m8s family lives there... =[JFF]=Ardens: nice in the summer i would die =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i almost die in summer of finland, so... =[JFF]=Ardens: well you are used to it =[JFF]=Ardens: go to miami now =[JFF]=Ardens: =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: yeah =D =[JFF]=Ardens: Do you have any pets? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: xD =[JFF]=Ardens: i can only imagine =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: lil esa =[JFF]=Ardens: xD =[JFF]=Ardens: mini me? =[JFF]=Ardens: =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: and no you can't have picture of it. =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: ^^ =[JFF]=Ardens: aww =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: xD =[JFF]=Ardens: =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: Gladiator =[JFF]=Ardens: American Gladiators? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: hmm...that one wheres Russel Crowe =[JFF]=Ardens: ye =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8d/Gladiator_ver1.jpg/220px-Gladiator_ver1.jpg =[JFF]=Ardens: =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: just added two finnish name together...Esa and Petteri =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: kinda goofy names here =[JFF]=Ardens: so smart ^^ =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: like i am =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: mi wize =[JFF]=Ardens: =[JFF]=Ardens: are you ready? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: for? =[JFF]=Ardens: a special time together =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: for some anal action? always! =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: you keep reading my mind... =[JFF]=Ardens: get the pepper honey =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: or is it just that net camera =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: ?? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: xD =[JFF]=Ardens: xD =[JFF]=Ardens: where is thunder xD =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: his room is empty...lemme check other hidden cameras...sec =[JFF]=Ardens: lol =[JFF]=Ardens: look in his secret closet =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: naah...not at home atm. =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: coming to my place probably =[JFF]=Ardens: cumming* =[JFF]=Ardens: give him a spanking for me =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: so i better put Barry White on and start get in the mood... =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: sure, i will =[JFF]=Ardens: Barry White LOL =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: me and my jelly.... =[JFF]=Ardens: you cant get enough of his love? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: xD =[JFF]=Ardens: =[JFF]=Ardens: ok ok =[JFF]=Ardens: Do you have a girlfriend? Can we see a picture? =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: tbh...i have no time for opposite sex cos of my hobby =[JFF]=Ardens: that is a valid reason folks =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: you can decide =[JFF]=Ardens: I already have =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: ah nice =[JFF]=Ardens: <3 =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: i think i have already said enough? =[JFF]=Ardens: i agree =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: mi speak slow and pointless =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: but pointless* =[JFF]=Ardens: Some people will decide not to kill themselves because they saw your thoughts and said " there is meaning to life" =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: xD =[JFF]=Ardens: =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: if i can save even one...that enough... =[JFF]=Ardens: indeed =[JFF]=Ardens: i think you've done your job here =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: more is too much. =[JFF]=Ardens: alrighty esa funny interview, cya around m8 =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: nice. glad if i can be help... =[JFF]=Ardens: always =[JFF]=EsaPetteri: oki...cya m8 =[JFF]=Ardens: bb


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Hello Kitty Dream Diary KitNovember 28, 2013 on 9:33 am | In Dream Types | No Comments
Product Features
- Create your own Hello Kitty dream diary
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- Tell Hello Kitty your personal secrets
- Keep your secrets under lock and key
- Great gift idea for that special little girl
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The paradox of Sadie Hawkins
February 10, 2017
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Ah, Sadie Hawkins. The one day Trinity Prep students don their touristy Hawaiian T-shirts or dust off their flamboyant 70's attire. In theory, it is a great opportunity for girls to take initiative and ask guys to a school dance—something that is a bit of an anomaly at Homecoming or Prom. Yet its existence poses some intriguing questions: why is there an unofficial boundary that stops girls from asking boys to most dances? And if this norm exists, does Sadie's only feed into it?
"The purpose of Sadie Hawkins is to have a great night of fun where girls can ask guys and [to] can shake up some unsaid norms," Student Body President Jimmy Toscano said. "Also, it provides something fun to do in the space between HOCO and Prom."
This all sounds great. Yet in practice, Sadie's may unintentionally work against its stated purpose of creating equality: when there is a dance that specifically advocates for girls asking boys, it inversely solidifies the mentality that all other dances are restricted to boys' choice.
"I don't see any reason why girls should not be asking boys to Prom or Homecoming," senior Lalee Ibssa said. "If you want to ask, you should be able to go ahead and do it. Girls should not just wait around for a guy to rack up the courage to ask them. You do you, girlfriends. Go for it."
This Sadie's season, ladies, ask the boy you want, but recognize that you have the power to do the exact same thing at any other dance. And boys, remember that if that one girl you like has not asked you to dance the night away just yet, you can take initiative as well. Dances should not be exclusionary activities where only one gender has control. Sadie's should not be a forced opportunity for equality—a solitary night where girls can choose their date.
Instead, school events should be fun, inclusive opportunities for students to ask who they wish, regardless of gender. And remember: going with a date is by no means the only option. Attending the festivities with friends can be just as, if not more, enjoyable.
Sadies' may claim to be the one night to reverse gender roles, but instead of accommodating societal norms, maybe we should just eliminate them.


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by Helene Malmsio
(Victoria, Australia)
one of the boxes in the kit unpacked (Click On Images Below To See Them Enlarged Here)
I just completed the assembly of my Omlet Outdoor Cat Run for my new cottage, and it is a simple, sturdy and attractive way to let your pets play outdoors without having an ugly eyesore in your yard. I love it to bits in fact!
My last home had a wood and wire constructed enclosed area that cost me thousands of dollars to build, and it was ugly as anything I've ever seen - lol!
In this new home I only had a small yard area and no room for extra buildings that would block access to sheds or gates or the back door staircase etc. so it was quite a challenge to work it all out.
Anyway, in the end I decided on access from the house coming from the bathroom, and selected the Omlet Outdoor Pet Run in double width (2.7m), double height (to walk in) and 3m long. And I can always add more sections to it later if I want.. or split it into other sections if I want.
It was shipped to me from Sydney to Melb - normally $70 but I bought it during a free Shipping offer, so I was chuffed with that too.
Now if all you want is a secured outdoor play area for your cats or small pets, then all you really need is one of the chicken run, or single width, single height combos... it will be plenty for them, really.
It just happened that I wanted to have a walk in area, where I can sit with my cats in the mild weather. I intend to add some fly screen clipped to the frame later on, to keep the mozzies and flies out when I'm in there.
I assembled this on my own, and I'm pretty frail and useless for that sort of work nowadays. My only help was when my 90yo frail dad came to help hold up a couple of the posts while I connected it all up.
So to say the least, this is not an assembly job that needs any strength at all, as the materials are very lightweight tubular metal. And you don't need tools, not even screwdrivers, as the whole thing clips together with plastic rings that slide together.
There is a bit of a knack to making the slide clip-ons connect, but you soon realise that.
This is a sturdy, strong, but lightweight construction. I feel very secure that my cats won't get out of this, yet at the same time my own access is very simple and secure with this clever gate design.
It is very neat and attractive as a completed construction.
It is excellent value for the dollar I believe.
Very happy with it... here is my affiliate link to the product range: Omlet Outdoor Pet Run
I'd love to hear of anyone who buys from my link and wants to share their story and their pictures!!
Have a good one!
You will love the way the page enables you to try out different size combinations so you can see the end result, and how much it costs, and the dimensions, so that you can check out what fits your needs best.
You can see the modular combinations on this page here: Omlet Outdoor Pet Run
Did you find this post fun, informative and useful? If so, please share it with others!
If you have a comment, question or suggestion, please leave a comment below!
Cheers, Helene Malmsio
Join in and write your own page! It's easy to do. How? Simply click here to return to Pets.
I really want to know what you think of this site, this page, and to hear your tips or suggestions about it.
So please share your story or simply add a Comment in the comment box.
If you feel that the information on this page has been useful to you please give it a Like or share it with your friends - thanks!!
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habit with coming here.
In future I will think about contributing articles as well. Thank you! Thank you!! Thank you!!! and God bless"
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Resistance to chemotherapy is a common problem encountered in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Chemoresistant HNSCC tumors frequently overexpress antiapoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-xL. (-)-Gossypol, the negative enantiomer of a cottonseed polyphenol, binds to Bcl-xL and was recently been shown to inhibit HNSCC proliferation in vitro. In this study, we assessed the in vivo efficacy of (-)-gossypol in an orthotopic xenograft model of HNSCC, using two human HNSCC cell lines with high Bcl-xL expression levels. Both produced tumors in a murine floor-of-mouth model that mimics human HNSCC, exhibiting growth and invasion into adjacent tissues. Mice were randomized into three groups: vehicle control and two daily intraperitoneal (-)-gossypol treatment groups (5 and 15 mg/kg). Tumors were measured twice weekly. In the control group, tumors grew progressively, whereas in (-)-gossypol treatment groups, tumor growth was significantly suppressed. The mitotic rate in tumors from (-)-gossypol-treated animals was significantly lower than that in controls, and an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells was observed in treated tumors versus controls. Residual tumors remained growth-suppressed for 2 weeks after cessation of (-)-gossypol treatment. Our results demonstrate that (-)-gossypol can inhibit tumor growth in an orthotopic model of aggressive HNSCC.
In the United States, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) accounts for more deaths annually than cervical cancer, melanoma, or lymphoma [1]. Aggressive surgical treatment of HNSCC is physically and emotionally debilitating. Chemotherapy (cisplatin), combined with radiation therapy, has enabled some patients to avoid radical surgery without altering disease prognosis [2]. However, the development of resistance to chemotherapy limits the effectiveness of such organ-sparing treatment approaches. Chemotherapeutic agents, particularly DNA-damaging agents such as cisplatin, function by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells [3,4]. Thus, dysregulation of apoptosis can lead to decreased tumor cell death in response to chemotherapy and/or radiation. Overexpression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-xL is common in both HNSCC tumor samples [5] and HNSCC cell lines [6]. In laryngeal cancer, high expression levels of Bcl-xL are associated with poor response to chemotherapy and radiation, requiring subsequent laryngectomy [5]. Recently, we have shown that high Bcl-xL expression directly correlates with resistance to cisplatin treatment in HNSCC cells in vitro [7]. Hence, the use of adjuvant agents that target antiapoptotic proteins in HNSCC may overcome cisplatin resistance, and thus has the potential to decrease patient morbidity and enhance survival.
Recently, a number of potential therapeutics targeting Bcl-2 family members have been described (reviewed in Fesik [8]). (-)-Gossypol, a small-molecule Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL inhibitor, is a polyphenol derived from cottonseed. Racemic gossypol, composed of both (-)-gossypol and (+)-gossypol, is used in herbal medicines in China. Studies on melanoma, breast cancer, and colon cancers have shown that racemic gossypol is well-tolerated and is moderately effective in reducing tumor volume [9–12]. We and others [6,13] have shown that (-)-gossypol, but not (+)-gossypol, binds to the BH3 pocket of Bcl-xL. Furthermore, the negative, but not the positive, enantiomer of gossypol effectively inhibits HNSCC cancer cell growth in vitro [6,9,10,13].
In the current study, we investigated the potential of (-)-gossypol to suppress HNSCC tumor growth in an in vivo orthotopic xenograft mouse model of aggressive human head and neck cancer. Two cell lines representing laryngeal cancer and oral cancer were used, and the ability of (-)-gossypol to suppress tumor cell growth as a single agent was determined. Effects on tumor growth, mitotic activity, and apoptosis were assessed.
UM-SCC-17B and UM-SCC-1 HNSCC cell lines [14] were cultured as described previously in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM; Gibco, Grand Island, NY) containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 µg/ml streptomycin, and 50 µg/ml L-glutamine [15]. After appropriate Institutional Review Board approval for Human Subject Research had been obtained, primary oral keratinocytes were cultured from human gingival tissues in keratinocyte growth medium (KGM; Cambrex Corp., East Rutherford, NJ), as described previously [16].
(-)-Gossypol was purified using the method described previously [6]. It was determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis to have a chemical purity of >97% and a chiral purity of >95%.
To study cell proliferation, cells were plated at 100,000 cells/well in six-well cell culture plates. After 36 to 48 hours of growth in conditions mentioned above, the medium was replaced with a 1:1 mixture of DMEM and KGM, supplemented with (-)-gossypol at various concentrations. After 5 days, the number of viable cells was determined by trypan blue enumeration assay. Cells were trypsinized, washed, and stained with trypan blue, and then viable cells were counted using a hemocytometer. Experiments were performed in triplicate.
Additionally, the MTT assay, which measures cell viability based on the mitochondrial conversion of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) from a soluble tetrazolium salt into an insoluble colored formazan precipitate, followed by spectrophotometric quantification, was used to verify trypan blue data. Cells were plated at 5000 cells/well in 96-well plates, incubated overnight, and then treated with a range of (-)-gossypol concentrations. Sample plates were incubated for 6 days in 300 µl of a 1:1 mixture of DMEM and KGM containing (-)-gossypol or solvent controls. MTT assays were then performed according to the manufacturer's protocol (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Each experimental condition was repeated in 10 wells, and the results were averaged. Percent absorbance relative to control was plotted as a linear function of drug concentration. Fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) was identified as the drug concentration required to achieve 50% growth inhibition relative to untreated controls.
Six-week-old athymic nude mice (NCr-nu/nu strain; National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD) weighing 18 to 25 g were anesthesized with 100 mg/kg ketamine and 10 mg/kg xylazine, administered intraperitoneally. HNSCC cell lines, grown to 50% to 70% confluence, were suspended in DMEM at 1 to 3 million cells per 0.2 ml and injected submucosally in the floor of the mouth. Using digital calipers, tumors were measured biweekly in two dimensions, and tumor volume was calculated using the formula: a x a x b/2, where a is the smaller dimension. Tumor cell dose was optimized for each cell line to produce 4- to 5-mm tumors, corresponding to tumors 35 to 60 mm3 in diameter, within ~2 to 3 weeks. Prior to initiating treatment, the mice were randomly assigned to three groups. (-)-Gossypol was dissolved in ethanol, and water was added to make a stock solution with a final ethanol content of 10%. Daily intraperitoneal administration of 5 mg/kg (-)-gossypol, 15 mg/kg (-)-gossypol, or 10% ethanol (vehicle control) was then initiated, with daily injection volumes of approximately 200 µl per animal. The two (-)-gossypol dosage levels were chosen based on previous studies, which suggested that these levels should be non-toxic and potentially effective [17]; indeed, both dosages were well tolerated by the mice in our study.
After euthanizing the mice, tumors were removed from the animals and fixed in 10% formalin solution. Tissues were paraffin-embedded, and 5-µm-thick sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. To analyze mitotic rate in tumor specimens, slides were scored by two independent investigators. Mitoses were counted in 20 high-power fields for each specimen. Subsequently, the mitotic index (the average number of mitoses per high-power field) was determined for each tumor. For immunohistochemistry, paraffin-embedded sections were deparaffinized and rehydrated. To examine apoptosis in the specimens, sections were stained by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining using ApopTag Plus Assay system (Chemicon International, Temecula, CA), according to the manufacturer's instructions. Ten high-power fields were examined for each sample, and the number of cells staining positive in each field was determined by a pathologist. Values were then averaged to provide an apoptotic rate for each tumor specimen, and percentage (versus control) was determined for each tumor group.
Tumor growth rates were analyzed using a mixed-effects model. The mixed-effects model combines fixed effects (treatment group) with random effects (intercept at start of treatment, growth rate per tumor) into a general linear model framework. The size of the tumor within an animal is allowed to have random deviation around a group mean, as well as random deviation in the growth rate about a group mean. The tumor growth rate was modeled using both a linear time effect (per day) and a quadratic time effect (per day squared). However, only the linear time effect was significant in the modeling process.
The values for the mitotic index and apoptotic scoring were compared using Student's t test for univariate analysis. P < .05 was considered statistically significant.
Prior to in vivo testing, we investigated the effects of (-)-gossypol on the growth of two HNSCC cell lines, UM-SCC-1 and UM-SCC-17B, as well as on primary normal human oral keratinocytes in vitro. Both HNSCC cell lines expressed high levels of Bcl-xL [6]. In the current study, we employed both a direct measurement of viable cells by dye exclusion and an indirect metabolic assay to assess cell growth inhibition by (-)-gossypol. Both tumor lines and normal keratinocytes were grown in the presence or absence of varying concentrations of (-)-gossypol (Figure 1) and showed dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth over the range tested (0–25 µM). Through the dye exclusion method, the IC50 for both HNSCC cell lines was found to be approximately 4 µM (-)-gossypol (Figure 1A). In contrast, normal keratinocytes were less sensitive to (-)-gossypol, with an IC50 of approximately 12.5 µM. Through the metabolic assay method, the IC50 values for (-)-gossypol were found to be 3, 6, and 17 µM for UM-SCC-1, UM-SCC-17B, and human oral keratinocytes, respectively (Figure 1B). These results are consistent with the selective growth inhibition of HNSCC cells by (-)-gossypol.
The mouse floor-of-the-mouth model for human oral cancer was optimized for xenografts using the UM-SCC-17B and UM-SCC-1 cell lines. We did not observe tumor encapsulation—a difficulty that can be encountered at other injection sites. Tumor doses of 1 x 106 and 2.5 x 106 cells for UM-SCC-17B and UM-SCC-1, respectively, yielded 35- to 60-mm3-diameter tumors in the floor-of-the-mouth region at 2 to 4 weeks after injection. Histopathology was confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of murine xenografts. UM-SCC-17B (Figure 2A) and UM-SCC-1 (Figure 2B) xenografts exhibited morphologic and cytologic features consistent with aggressive squamous cell carcinoma. UM-SCC-17B (Figure 2A) exhibited infiltrating cords of tumor cells invading skeletal muscles. Histopathological findings included invasive sheets of neoplastic epithelial cells exhibiting nuclear pleomorphism, nuclear hyperchromatism, and increased number of mitoses (Figure 2A, arrows). Of note, UM-SCC-1 exhibited areas of perineural invasion that are apparent in a photomicrograph presented here (Figure 2B, arrows).
Mice with UM-SCC-17B and UM-SCC-1 xenograft tumors were treated with (-)-gossypol to investigate its effects on tumor growth in vivo (Figures 3 and and4,4, respectively). Thirty mice were injected in the floor of the mouth with 1 x 106 UM-SCC-17B cells. Eighteen days after tumor injection, mice were randomized to three groups, and intraperitoneal injections of 5 mg/kg (-)-gossypol, 15 mg/kg (-)-gossypol, or drug vehicle solution were initiated (n = 10 in each group). Tumor growth curves (tumor volume) for the mice up to day 35 are shown in Figure 3. For the control mice that received the drug vehicle solution, there was progressive growth of tumors (Figure 3A). In both 5 and 15 mg/kg (-)-gossypol treatment groups, a significant suppressive effect on tumor growth was observed (Figure 3, B, C, and E); however, four tumors in the treatment groups escaped: three at the lower dose (Figure 3B) and one at the higher dose (Figure 3C). The mean tumor growth for the three groups of mice is shown in Figure 3D. There was a significantly lower growth rate for both the 5- and 15-mg/kg (-)-gossypol-treated mice compared to the control mice. By day 28, control animals had, on average, tumors that are 253 mm3 (SE = 95, P = .008) and 268 mm3 (SE = 95, P = .006) larger than those in animals treated with 5 and 15 mg/kg (-)-gossypol, respectively, as estimated by our regression model. On day 35, the average tumor of the control animal was estimated to be 620 mm3 (SE = 164, P < .001) and 712 mm3 (SE = 162, P < .001) larger than the average tumor for animals treated with 5 and 15 mg/kg (-)-gossypol. Despite the greater number of "escapees" in the 5-mg/kg (-)-gossypol group compared with that in the 15-mg/kg (-)-gossypol group, the difference in tumor growth between these two treatment groups was not significant.
In similar studies, 30 mice were injected with 2.5 x 106 UM-SCC-1 cells. Twenty-six days after tumor injection, once the tumors had reached a diameter of 4 to 5 mm, the mice were randomized to three groups, and daily intraperitoneal injections of 5 mg/kg (-)-gossypol, 15 mg/kg (-)-gossypol, or drug vehicle solution were initiated (n = 10 in each group). Tumor growth curves for the mice up to day 43 are shown in Figure 4. For the control mice that received the drug vehicle solution, there was progressive growth of tumors (Figure 4A). In both the 5- and the 15-mg/kg (-)-gossypol treatment groups, a suppressive effect on tumor growth was observed (Figure 4, B and C, respectively). The mean tumor growth for the three groups of mice is shown in Figure 4D. (-)-Gossypol significantly suppressed tumor growth in both the 5- and 15-mg/kg (-)-gossypol-treated mice compared to that in the control mice. By day 29, the average tumor for animals treated with 5 or 15 mg/kg (-)-gossypol was estimated to be 57 mm3 (SE = 21, P = .009) and 53 mm3 (SE = 22, P = .016) smaller than that of the control animal. On day 43, the difference was estimated to be 331 mm3 (SE = 48, P ≤ .0001) and 315 mm3 (SE = 49, P ≤ .001), for the 5- and the 15-mg/kg (-)-gossypol groups, respectively, with the average tumor of the treated animal being significantly smaller than the average tumor of the control animal.
Although tumor growth-suppressive effects in the (-)-gossypol groups were striking and highly significant when compared to that in untreated controls, we noted that there were small residual tumor masses in the mice. To determine the effect of stopping (-)-gossypol treatment, all treatments were stopped on day 43 for three control and three (-)-gossypol-treated UM-SCC-1 tumors, and tumor measurements were taken biweekly. The other mice in each of the treatment groups and the vehicle control were euthanized at this time point, and the tumors were harvested for histology. The results of treatment cessation are illustrated in Figure 5. For the (-)-gossypol-treated mice, there was continued arrest of tumor growth for at least 2 weeks following cessation of drug use, suggesting that the drug's growth-suppressive effects persist for a prolonged period. However, after 2 weeks, the tumors grew progressively, and the mice were euthanized on day 91. All the control mice had to be euthanized by day 57 due to progressive tumor growth.
To investigate differences in proliferation between the control and the (-)-gossypol-treated tumors, tumor sections from each group were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined in a blinded fashion for the number of mitotic figures per high-power field (mitotic index). For each tumor cell line, three control and six (-)-gossypol-treated animals were scored. In Figure 6, the mitotic indices for the control and the treated UM-SCC-17B tumors are graphically represented. There was a statistically significant difference (P < .01) between the mitotic indices of tumors in the control mice (3.88 ± 1.27) and in the treated mice (1.48 ± 0.85). As shown in the top panel of Figure 7, the mitotic indices for the control and the (-)-gossypol-treated UM-SCC-1 tumors are 2.35 ± 0.99 and 0.95 ± 0.82, respectively. Although not statistically significant, the trend for UM-SCC-1 was the same as that for UM-SCC-17B, with treated cells displaying a lower mitotic index. The lower panels of Figures 6 and and77 show a representative histology of treated and untreated tumors, demonstrating disparity in mitoses (arrows) in representative high-power fields.
To investigate the level of apoptosis occurring in the tumor samples, tumor sections from each cell line (three control and six treated) were TUNEL-stained. (Figure 8). The average number of apoptotic cells per field was 67% greater in the treatment group that that in the untreated group for UM-SCC-17B cell line tumors, and it was 28% greater in the treatment group that that in the control group for UM-SCC-1 cell line tumors. The difference was statistically significant for UM-SCC-17B (P < .005), but not for UM-SCC-1.
The treatment of advanced HNSCC remains a daunting clinical problem. Despite an armamentarium that includes surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, survival in HNSCC has not improved over the past four decades. A high Bcl-xL level has been identified as a marker for the poor response of HNSCC to chemotherapy. Previous work in breast, lung, and prostate cancers has demonstrated that Bcl-xL overexpression facilitates tumor growth and mediates chemotherapy resistance, presumably by inhibiting chemotherapy-induced apoptosis [18–21]. This has led us to investigate the use of Bcl-xL inhibitors as possible adjuvants to standard chemotherapy for the treatment of HNSCC.
Various potential strategies exist for modulating Bcl-xL activity, including antisense nucleotides, antibodies, peptide inhibitors, and small molecules [22]. However, antisense nucleotides, antibodies, and peptide approaches are limited by poor in vivo stability, difficulties in tissue delivery, and/or high costs. Small-molecule inhibitors are typically organic compounds that bind to specific domains of a target protein. Potentially, these compounds are advantageous due to superior in vivo stability, good cell permeability, and various possible administrative routes [22]. In recent years, a number of different small-molecule compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, have been described as inhibitors of Bcl-xL [23–28]. Using a structure-based database screening approach, (-)-gossypol was identified as a small molecule with a particularly high affinity for Bcl-xL. Gossypol is derived from a cottonseed extract used in herbal medicines, and the racemic compound has been studied for anticancer activity on a variety of human tumors [9,11,12,15]. Prior studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that (-)-gossypol has an in vitro growth-inhibitory effect against multiple human HNSCC cell lines, with relatively little impact on normal fibroblasts or keratinocytes [6]. Furthermore, we have shown that (-)-gossypol induces apoptosis in a high fraction of cells in cisplatin-resistant HNSCC cell lines that overexpress Bcl-xL [6,7].
Cell culture studies allow rapid investigation of the effects of novel agents on a variety of different cancers. However, there are limitations to in vitro studies of anticancer agents. These studies cannot evaluate the potential systemic toxicity of the drug, or the role of the surrounding tissues in either the growth of solid tumors or their responsiveness to the drug. Clearly, in vivo experiments are important for the study of new anticancer drugs prior to human clinical trials. Although a variety of mouse models of HNSCC have been described, studies have demonstrated advantages to orthotopic tumor placement [29]. These include smaller tumor inocula, better local tumor modeling, and patterns of regional and distant metastasis analogous to human HNSCC. The floor-of-the-mouth model is advantageous to the study of HNSCC, as the tumors behave like human HNSCC, growing progressively and invading surrounding tissues. We used an immunodeficient mouse model for our in vivo studies, in which cells from two HNSCC tumor lines expressing high levels of Bcl-xL were injected intraorally into submucosal tissues of the floor of the mouth. Under optimized conditions, this tumor model consistently produced tumors 35 to 60 mm3 in diameter within 2 to 3 weeks of HNSCC cell inoculation. Accurate measurement of tumors at the orthotopic site is further facilitated by the hairless nature of the nude mouse. Tumors in the floor of the mouth are well-tolerated by the mice. The orthotopic xenograft system is thus a useful, reproducible model for the in vivo evaluation of novel therapeutic agents for head and neck cancer.
In this study, we show that (-)-gossypol potently suppresses tumor growth in an immunodeficient mouse model of human HNSCC. This growth inhibition was noted in tumors arising from both HNSCC cell lines. The drug was well-tolerated by the mice, with the only observed side effect being moderate weight loss (<5%), which was reversible on drug withdrawal. We used two (-)-gossypol dosages for both cell lines tested, but we observed no significant differences in tumor inhibition between the two dosing levels. Both treatment levels were below the dosage established as the maximum tolerated dose for mice [17]. Interestingly, following drug withdrawal, there was arrest of tumor growth for 3 weeks. However, a small number of the treated mice had persistent tumors, which, although derived from the same HNSCC cell line, demonstrated resistance to the drug. The tumors from these animals, referred to as "escapees" above, are currently being analyzed to better elucidate potential mechanisms of (-)-gossypol resistance.
The fact that tumors in animals treated with (-)-gossypol demonstrate a decreased mitotic rate is intriguing. Other studies have demonstrated that a number of chemotherapeutic agents, both well-established and experimental, block cell cycle progression and alter the activity of Bcl-xL and related proteins [30–32]. Likewise, antisense oligonucleotides to Bcl-xL induce the growth arrest of tumor cells in vitro [33]. Our data suggest that the tumor cells are inhibited by (-)-gossypol from dividing. Although TUNEL staining indicates that a modest increase in the apoptotic rate occurs in the treated HNSCC tumors, the targeting of Bcl-xL by (-)-gossypol is unlikely to fully explain the dramatic inhibition of tumor growth seen in the treatment groups. A number of additional mechanisms have been described for gossypol-mediated growth inhibition, including protein kinase C inhibition [34], cellular metabolism blockade [35], modulation of cyclin D1 and Rb [36], and generation of reactive oxygen species [37]. It is likely that one or several of these mechanisms contribute to the inhibition of HNSCC tumor growth described here.
In this study, we demonstrate that (-)-gossypol is an effective inhibitor of HNSCC growth at physiologically tolerable doses. In this study, the antitumor growth effect of (-)-gossypol against HNSCC tumors, although significant, was incomplete when it was used as a single agent. The combination of (-)-gossypol with standard chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin may lead to a more dramatic reduction in tumors with reduced drug concentrations. A better understanding of the mechanism of action of (-)-gossypol will facilitate the development of effective treatment protocols when administered in conjunction with other chemotherapeutic agents. Indeed, (-)-gossypol's greatest utility may lie in overcoming pathways of tumor drug resistance and, therefore, may serve as an adjuvant to standard chemotherapy regimens that have a different mechanism of action. We have recently demonstrated that cisplatin treatment of HNSCC cells in vitro selects for wild-type p53 and high Bcl-xL expression, supporting the concept that Bcl-xL protects tumor cells from cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Additionally, cisplatin-resistant tumor cells are very sensitive to induction of apoptosis in response to treatment with (-)-gossypol [7].
Tumor resistance limits the effectiveness of conventional therapy and underscores the need to target resistance pathways. (-)-Gossypol, which works in part as a small-molecule inhibitor of Bcl-xL, suppresses the growth of human HNSCC cells in culture. Using a floor-of-the-mouth xenograft mouse model of head and neck cancer, we demonstrate that (-)-gossypol also inhibits the growth of tumors in vivo. This novel therapeutic agent has potential as an adjuvant to traditional chemotherapy in the treatment of HNSCC.
We thank Joshua A. Bauer for discussions and experimental insights.
1This research was supported by National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) grants DE00452-01 (N.J.D.), DE014620-01A1 (B.S.H.), and R01 DE13346 (T.E.C.); National Cancer Institute (NCI) grant R01 CA83087 (C.R.B.); Department of Defense idea grant BC000914; the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation; the CapCure Foundation (S.W.); the University of Michigan's NCI Cancer Center support grant 5 P30 CA46592; Head and Neck Cancer SPORE grant P50 CA97248; and NIDCD Research Center Core grant P30 DC05188 (multiple authors). S.J.W. and K.G.W. were funded by National Institutes of Health training grant T32 DC05356. S.W. has financial interests in Ascenta Pharmaceuticals, which is pursuing the production of (-)-gossypol and other compounds for clinical use.
2Keith G. Wolter and Steven J. Wang contributed equally to this manuscript.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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it looks bad
"Its better to be a pirate than join the navy"Steve Jobs
Originally Posted by yowiphone
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