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yahoo.com - 123 days ago
Pentagon plans to 'annihilate' IS fighters
A member of the US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces, made up of an alliance of Arab and Kurdish fighters, removes an Islamic State group flag in the town of Tabqa, April 30, 2017 (AFP Photo/DELIL SOULEIMAN) Washington (AFP) - President Donald Trump has instructed the Pentagon to "annihilate" the Islamic State group in Syria in a bid to prevent escaped foreign fighters from returning home, Defense Secretary Jim Mattis said Friday.
The move to encircle then kill as many jihadists in place as possible -- rather than letting them exit a city and targeting them as they flee -- reflects an increased urgency to stop battle-hardened jihadists bringing their military expertise and ideology back to European capitals and other areas. The president has "directed a tactical shift from shoving ISIS out of safe locations in an attrition fight to surrounding the enemy in their strongholds so we can annihilate ISIS," Mattis said, using an acronym for IS. "The intent is to prevent the return home of escaped foreign fighters." Trump, who campaigned on a pledge to quickly defeat IS, signed an executive order soon after taking office giving his generals 30 days to come up with a revised plan to wipe the jihadists out. The review resulted in the new "annihilation campaign" and saw commanders gain greater autonomy to make battlefield decisions. Critics of Barack Obama's administration frequently complained of White House micromanagement and a lengthy approval process causing delays on the ground. Mattis called foreign fighters a "strategic threat" should they return home and said the annihilation effort would prevent the problem from being transplanted from one location to another.
Full story on yahoo.com


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Food & Health
Fish and Shellfish
Mercury and Cadmium in Fish and Shellfish
Draft by: Dr. Su Fairchild MD
We have been told in the past that eating fish is good. Fish are a good source of lean protein, and many contain healthy omega 3 fats that can help reduce your bad cholesterol and be good for your health. However, this may no longer hold as true due to increasing amounts of toxicity in the oceans.
The issue of environmental toxicity
Heavy metals, PCB's (polychlorinated biphenyl), and other environment toxins accumulate in the oceans, and fish and shellfish tend to accumulate these toxins in varying amounts.
Eating the wrong kinds of seafood too often can raise the levels of mercury, cadmium, and PCB's in your body. Pregnant and breastfeeding women need to be extra careful because fetuses and newborns are more easily hurt by mercury and other poisons.
Mercury is associated with myocardial infarction, and any benefit from omega 3′s on heart attack risk is totally counteracted by methylmercury.
Methylmercury has a half life in blood of 50-70 days, so mercury blood levels can be useful for monitoring exposure.
Cadmium is associated with myocardial infarction, kidney damage, breast and other cancers, and is also associated with learning disabilities in children. It can be detected by urinary cadmium, but can also be stored in tissues and not be detected. It is well excreted in sweat.
Cadmium in our diet comes from shellfish, fish, liver, and kidney meats, as well as seaweed, cereals, nuts, oilseeds (sunflower seeds) and pulses, and chocolate.
Genetics and environmental toxicity
Some people are also genetically less able to clear various toxins from their bodies. These people need to be extra careful, and do well to limit exposure as best they can. I do offer such genetic testing in my office. However, everyone, no matter what their genetics, will do best by limiting toxic exposure.
People at more risk
Pregnant and nursing mothers, as well as young children, need to be very careful about their fish consumption.
Pregnant women, as well as children under 6, should not eat more than 2 servings of fish per week, and should limit themselves only to fish with the very lowest mercury content.
The problem with seafood
All fish contain varying amounts of mercury and other toxins. Some fish, however, contain higher levels of mercury, and eating them more frequently can contribute to health problems. Higher fish intake does correlate with having higher mercury levels.
Also beware of many farmed fish, especially salmon, which can have very high levels of PCB's. Farmed salmon can be one of the most toxic-laden foods available, with regular commercial beef possibly coming in second.
Wild salmon has less toxic PCB's than farmed salmon. Only eat wild caught salmon if possible. Any salmon at a restaurant is presumed to be farmed unless the chef can tell you the name of the wild salmon species (Pink, Coho/Silver, Chum/Calico/Keta, Sockeye/Red, Chinook/King). Note that King salmon, being bigger, tend to have more mercury.
Shellfish may have less mercury, but make up for it with more cadmium and arsenic. The arsenic in shellfish tends to be the less harmful organic arsenic, but people with genetic weaknesses in methylation may not be able to clear organic arsenic as well.
Shellfish and fish can also accumulate BPA (bisphenol A), and atrazine. Bivalve mollusks can accumulate BPA, with the accumulation and elimination rates of the mono and disulfate conjugates of BPA being slower than those of BPA.
One study tested 1,392 specimens of different species of cephalopod molluscs (broadtail squid, spider octopus, curled octopus, horned octopus, elegant cuttlefish, and pink cuttlefish) for cadmium concentrations. In all species, mean cadmium concentrations were higher in hepatopancreas (digestive gland) than in the flesh. Pink cuttlefish and spider octopus had the highest concentrations of cadmium (do not eat them) and the lowest concentrations were encountered in broadtail squid.
Which fish tend to have more mercury?
Big fish tend to have more mercury for the simple reason that big fish usually live longer and have more time to accumulate toxins in their bodies. Other factors can include the diet of the fish (carniverous versus vegetarian), and the region the fish lives in. Albacore tuna from Thailand tends to have the highest mercury content of all albacore. The Gulf of Mexico is a heavily contaminated region, and it is best to avoid any seafood from there.
Do not eat more than 2 servings a week:
Anchovies 0.017 PPM
Butterfish 0.058 PPM
Catfish 0.025 PPM (but often contaminated with other toxins)
Clam/Hamaguri 0.009 PPM
Crab 0.065 PPM
Crawfish 0.033 PPM
Croaker, Atlantic 0.065 PPM
Flatfish/Karei 0.056 PPM
Haddock (Atlantic) 0.055 PPM
Hokkigai/surf clam
Ikura/salmon roe
Mackerel (N. Atlantic) 0.050 PPM
Mullet 0.050 PPM
Oyster 0.012 PPM
Pollock 0.031 PPM
Salmon (choose wild pacific) 0.022 PPM
Sardine (but high in PCBs) 0.013 PPM
Scallop 0.003 PPM
Shad, American 0.045 PPM
Shrimp (but highest in cadmium) 0.009 PPM
Squid 0.023 PPM
Tilapia (often farmed, but are vegetarian, so are much cleaner than farmed salmon) 0.013 PPM
Whiting 0.051 PPM
Do not eat more than 1 serving a week:
Buffalofish 0.137 PPM
Carp 0.110 PPM
Cod 0.111 PPM
Herring 0.084 PPM
Lobster 0.107-0.166 PPM (North American has lower mercury)
Mackerel/Saba (Pacific) 0.088 PPM
Mahi Mahi
Perch, Ocean 0.121 PPM
Sheepshead 0.093 PPM
Skate 0.137 PPM
Tuna (Canned Chunk light)
Whitefish 0.089 PPM
Bass, Saltwater/Black/Striped 0.152 PPM
Halibut 0.241 PPM
Monkfish 0.181 PPM
Perch, Freshwater 0.150 PPM
Scorpionfish 0.233 PPM
Sea Bass 0.152 PPM
Snapper 0.166 PPM
Tilefish, Altantic 0.144 PPM
Weakfish/Sea Trout 0.235 PPM
Avoid or limit if possible:
Bass, Chilean 0.354 PPM
Bluefish 0.368 PPM
Croaker, White (Pacific) 0.287 PPM
Grouper 0.448 PPM
Stablefish 0.361 PPM
Tuna/Toro (Canned Albacore, Yellowfin) 0.354 PPM
Do not eat if possible:
Mackeral, Spanish (Gulf of Mexico) 0.454 PPM
Mackeral King 0.730 PPM
Marlin 0.485 PPM
Orange Roughy 0.571 PPM
Shark 0.979 PPM
Swordfish/Kajiki 0.995 PPM
Tilefish (Gulf of Mexico) 1.450 PPM
Tuna (Ahi)
Tuna, Bigeye 0.689 PPM
Other than avoidance
N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) can increase the urinary excretion of methylmercury, so take it with any seafood meal. NAC 600 mg twice daily is a good idea for most people, especially those living in urban areas.
Su Fairchild, MD
Integrative and Orthomolecular Medicine
Environmental Medicine
Office: 3022 Javier Road, Fairfax, VA 22031
Phone for appointments: 571-344-4673
Appointments available: Monday through Thursday, 10 am to 5 pm.
For more information on this and other subjects, please visit Dr Fairchild's Integrative Medicine page
The information in this post is for educational purposes only, and is not a substitute for proper medical care.
MSG side effects
Draft by: Reza Farnood
Cooking & Company Restaurant and Catering
As a restaurant mentor and trained chef by NY Restaurant School, I always were aware of MSG side effects. However, public knowledge on this matter is either brief or totally ignorant. What we need to understand is that when you eat food you must feel energetic and strong regardless of the food's greasiness or healthiness. No matter if the food has 100 calories or has 3000 calories. A greasy food might give you after taste due to excessive oil, but will not take you down. Simple solution that I prefer to offer to my friends and customers is that if you dine out and have one of the following symptoms stay away from that food and restaurant. Most of the restaurant owners even don't know if their food contain MSG or not since they buy them in can or frozen in the box. But for sure, it is not the Chinese food only that saturated with MSG. Italian cuisine, Mediterranean cuisine, Middle Eastern Cuisine, Mexican cuisine in addition to American cuisines are smear with poison MSG. Make no mistake, MSG is not an allergy, but has different degree of harm based upon your body.
• Numbness • Nausea
• Burning sensation • Rapid heartbeat
• Tingling • Drowsiness
• Facial pressure or tightness • Weakness
• Chest pain • Difficulty breathing for asthmatics
• Headache • Obesity
1- Stimulates the nerve cells in your mouth, as well as the brain. It targets the centers of hunger and taste and smell.
2- Unnaturally tenderizes any low quality ingredients to taste delicious in a very short time. Simple MSG solution is extremely cost effect to make competitive dishes.
3- Creates addiction like nicotine that your body keep asking for it; even if you are not hungry or ready to eat.
It has been discussed lately in allergist office magazines that MSG is not an allergen. It was never considered one.
What most people don't realize is the difference between food allergy and food intolerance or sensitivity.
MSG Sensitivity Unlike food allergies which affect only certain individuals (only 2% – 5% of the population), and involve an antibody response of the immune system, food sensitivities affect many more people. You can be allergic to nuts and have an immune response to them, and someone else may have absolutely no immune response at all. Sensitivities are a different matter. There are no antibodies involved and in the case of MSG, the free glutamic acid in it acts in us all in the same way. It is a neurotransmitter – it causes nerve cells to fire.
If it only worked in 2% of the population, there wouldn't be any money in it. It is basically a drug like alcohol or caffeine.
Unfortunately, MSG also may affect the allergy response as well although it may not initiate it. According to new
research from Johns Hopkins, the immune system is disturbed by nervous system over-stimulation.
This is a problem because MSG is a nervous system excitatory neurotransmitter. Glutamate triggers nerve cells to fire.
Welcome to AA'BEE restaurant
Dear all,
Please note, our restaurant has a new name and website;


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£5.95 GBPSize Guide
Green & Wilds Premium Antler chews are from Grade A and AA, Red Deer antler, naturally shed, responsibly sourced, traceable and sustainable, many from the highlands of Scotland.
These chews contain a number of good minerals and they are incredibly hard and long lasting. Your dog will find them exciting and irresistible. They are free from chemicals, preservatives, colouring and additives so they are a healthy, unprocessed, nutritious, low odour chews for dogs of all shapes and sizes, that lasts for ages.
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Antler has some unique and proven benefits:
The weight will be 50g+
This is a natural product and the antlers will vary in size and shape.
Make sure your dog is gnawing on the antler chew and not trying to break it in half. Don't hold the antler chew for him as this may cause him to bear down on it. Leave it for him to work out how to enjoy it. Please don't leave Antler chew toys outside in the elements, where other creatures can get to them, to safeguard your dog's health.
Like any dog chew, the following is very important: To avoid a choking risk, take the Antler chew toys away from your dog once it gets worn down to a small enough size that your dog could easily swallow. Always supervise your dog when chewing the Antler.
£14.00 GBPSize Guide
Lionel the Long Dog makes a great chewy companion for dog's and puppies, he also likes a game of tug so no need to be shy when playing with Lionel.... We recommend you always supervise your dog when playing with toys.... Size Lionel measures 18cm Long Materials Each toy is...
£72.00 GBPSize Guide
Gerald luxury dog collar in Dark Grey is a handsome edition to our Pour Homme collection. This dog collar is perfect for both smart and casual occasions. Handcrafted in England from Italian vegetable tanned leather. The combination of the textured emboss and Italian nickel plated hardware, make this versatile dog collar an essential...
£74.00 GBPSize Guide
Graham dog collar is a luxurious addition to our Pour Homme collection and ideal if you are looking for something a little different. It's detailed with a subtle embossed pattern, adding panache without compromising on versatility. This luxury dog collar has been crafted in England from the finest Italian full...
It's best to measure your dog to make sure you get the collar that fits them perfectly. Take a flexible tape measure and measure right around the base of the neck, allowing enough room to slide 2 fingers in for comfort. Our collars are measured from the end of the strap by the buckle to the 1st and last holes. For the smallest fitting size, please see the distance marked A to B on the diagram. The largest fitting size is as shown on the diagram as the distance from A to Z. Our collars have been specifically designed to reduce the amount of the strap loose at the tip when fastened for the smallest size. Due to this our sizes to do not overlap in dimensions. If your dogs measurement spans across 2 sizes we recommend to order a size up. Please note that as many of our collars are handmade sizing may vary slightly.
All our leather leads are available in one size and measures 2cm x 110cm / 3/4" x 43 2/8"
Our Luxury braided cotton and leather leads are available in 1.5cm, 2cm and 2.5cm / 5/8", 3/4" and 1" wide and all measure 110cm/43 2/8" long
For the safety of your dogs we do not recommend the use our leads for large strong dogs that pull excessively.


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Elizabeth and James"Blush" Pink Snake Embossed Leather "Mason" Pumps
Pumps are constructed of glazed snakeskin embossed leather. Comes in box. Size: 6.5
Made in: China Color: "Blush" Pink Fabric Content: Leather Condition: Good. Light wear.
Measurements & Sizing
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Luxury Garage Sale guarantees that all items sold on our site are 100% authentic. All products we accept are inspected for brand-specific guidelines and are put through a rigorous authenticity test process.
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Risk and opportunity for Poland in Ukraine crisis
Irish Times
Poland was the first country to recognise Ukrainian independence in 1991 and, after its own EU accession in 2004, Warsaw championed closer ties between the bloc and Kiev as the best insurance against renewed Russian overtures in the region. Warsaw …
Poland to be regional leader in NATO: defense ministerShanghai Daily (subscription)
Poland Demands A Stable Structure of NATO in its TerritoryPrensa Latina
all 4 news articles >>
Source: poland – Google News
Sharing information is key – Poland News in UK. Social Commerce and Social Media Management playing a big part. Suaju Ltd


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Feel free to get in touch with any of our committee members if you have any questions, are looking for more information, or want to know how you can get involved (hint, hint).
Say hello to our 2016-2017 committee!
Rebecca Harder – Program Coordinator
Heidi Nighswander Rempel – Finance Coordinator
Rachel Braun – Communications Coordinator
Sarah Deckert – Caregiver Coordinator
Desiree Girardin
Maggie Nighswander
Erinne Bartel Roth
Bethel MOMs meets at Bethel Mennonite Church (465 Stafford Avenue).


text: Technical Papers Methionine Metabolism and A-Aminobutyric Acid See allHide authors and affiliations Science 28 Mar 1947:Vol. 105, Issue 2726, pp. 335-336DOI: 10.1126/science.105.2726.335 CHARLES E. DENTFind this author on Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for this author on this site Article Info & Metrics eLetters PDF This is a PDF-only article. The first page of the PDF of this article appears below.


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Full Sail Brewing has announced the release of their 2015 Bourbon Barrel Aged Imperial Stout. "The annual release of our barrel aged beers is a celebration of the best of American beer and American bourbon. Barrel aging beers has been a Full Sail tradition since 1998 when we … [Read more...]
Wyeast Laboratories Hires New Director of Sales & Marketing
Wyeast Laboratories, Inc. is delighted to announce that Christopher Pryor has joined the company as Director of Sales & Marketing. Pryor joins Wyeast Laboratories during an exciting period of growth for the company and will oversee … [Read more...]
Craft a Brew: Good Introduction to the Homebrewing Hobby
Homebrewing is a popular and growing hobby. Instant gratification is nice, but there is something cool about tasting beer crafted through your own time and effort; beer that you boil, ferment, and bottle from the comfortable confines of your … [Read more...]
SABMiller Tackles Environmental Problems at UN Conference in Lima, Peru
There is an immediate need for more businesses to recognize the risks water scarcity poses to their company's bottom line and the communities in which they operate in Latin America, according to SABMiller Peru Managing Director Fernando … [Read more...]
Central Michigan University to offer Fermentation Science Certification
Central Michigan University's College of Science and Technology is brewing a certificate program in fermentation science by combining scientific knowledge with hands-on experience in modern brewery production processes. The brewing of a malt beverage is very scientific and … [Read more...]
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This nationally renowned, locally beloved festival is 100 percent dedicated to America's favorite cured meat. Attendees get to enjoy inventive bacon dishes served up by some of the city's top chefs.
This event includes a number of classes, seminars and workshops geared towards educating people about managing their personal finances. Numerous free events will be held in neighborhoods across Chicago.
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This annual showcase, which is commonly referred to as "CIMMfest," features films, concerts and DJ sets as well as informational events. Some of Chicago's top music and theater venues host festival events.
Via our Chicago Events calendar, you can see all major events in Chicago.


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How the States Got Their Names
Second graders examine the attributes and uses of atlases. They access the given web page or read the World Almanac for Kids section about the fifty states. They complete the associated worksheet about how the fifty states got their names.
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Orb and Effy Learn About Authority
Simplify the teaching of the US Constitution with this primary grade social studies lesson. While reading a fun story about an imaginary place called Bubble Land, children learn about the concept of authority and the importance of rules...
K - 2nd Social Studies & History CCSS: Adaptable
Symbols in My Eyes
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K - 6th English Language Arts CCSS: Adaptable
Identity-Based Bullying
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2nd - 5th Social Studies & History CCSS: Designed
A Teacher's Guide to The Gingerbread Man Loose in the School
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K - 3rd English Language Arts CCSS: Adaptable
All about Me!
Celebrate the uniqueness of your students with this character building lesson plan series. In order to learn about and appreciate diversity and individuality, children create All About Me books by cutting out and drawing pictures that...
K - 2nd Social Studies & History CCSS: Adaptable
Festivals: Learning for Life and Work
How do different communities celebrate special occasions? After researching celebrations in their countries, class members investigate other festivals like those associated with Ramadan, Diwali, Chinese New Year, Halloween, Easter,...
K - 12th Social Studies & History
Memorial Day Lesson
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2nd - 5th Social Studies & History CCSS: Adaptable
Doing Our Share
Whether at home or in the classroom, each member of a community has certain responsibilities they must tend to. With the help of the children's story Piggybook by Anthony Browne, kids learn how to assign jobs in a fair and safe manner...
1st - 4th English Language Arts CCSS: Adaptable
Abe Lincoln Remembers Lesson Plan
Discover the life of Abraham Lincoln with help from the story Abe Lincoln Remembers by Ann Turner. After listening carefully, scholars reflect on what they deem as Lincoln's most influential life event and how it relates to them,...
Pre-K - 2nd Social Studies & History CCSS: Adaptable
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3 Result: Autonomous Driving
Intel to Acquire Mobileye
March 13th, 2017
Combining Technology and Talent to Accelerate the Future of Autonomous Driving NEWS HIGHLIGHTS * Brings together Mobileye's leading computer vision expertise with Intel's high-performance computing and connectivity expertise to crea. Read more
BlackBerry QNX Launches its Most Advanced and Secure Embedded Software Platform for Autonomous Drive and Connected Cars
January 04th, 2017
LAS VEGAS, NEVADA / CRWE PRESS RELEASE / Jan. 4, 2017 - International CES 2017, LVCC North Hall, Booth 7029 - BlackBerry Limited (NASDAQ:BBRY) (TSX:BB) today announced its most advanced and secure embedded operating system (OS) for the automotive ind. Read more
Record Number of Ford Inventions Drives Innovation in Autonomous, Connected Vehicles, Electrification, Wearables
December 22nd, 2015
2015 Ford patent applications include a record number of inventions related to mobility for the company, including autonomous and connected vehicles, wearable devices, eBikes, navigation and ride-sharing platforms Ford has increased filings for . Read more


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According to Marni Lemon, Deputy Director Communications & Media Family and Social Services Administration State of Indiana, the move is happening now because of the end of the lease on the old location.
The service area for the Vocational Rehabilitation Services office at this location includes Allen, DeKalb, LaGrange, Noble, Steuben and Whitley counties. The Bureau of Developmental Disabilities office's service area includes Adams, Allen, DeKalb, Huntington, LaGrange, Noble, Steuben, Wells and Whitley counties.
Starting March 31, the office's address will be: 201 E. Rudisill Blvd., Suite 300, Fort Wayne, IN 46806. Their new phone numbers will be: BDDS, 260-423-2571 or 877-218-3061 and VRS, 260-424-1595 or 877-715-5292.


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3.2 earthquake rattles areas southeast of Yucca Valley
YUCCA VALLEY, Calif. (FOX 11 / USGS) - A small 3.2 earthquake has rattled parts of Southern California, but there have been no reports of damage or injury.
The U.S. Geological Survey says a 3.2 magnitude quake hit at 10:02a.m. Thursday, and was centered about 4 miles southeast of Yucca Valley.
The earthquake was also felt 19-miles north-northeast of Palm Springs.
Authorities in Yucca Valley say there have been no calls of injuries or damage as a result of the quake.
Copyright 2016 FOX 11 Los Angeles : Download our mobile app for breaking news alerts or to watch FOX 11 News | Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube. Be a citizen journalist for FOX 11 and get paid – download the Fresco News App today.


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The Easy Way to De-Stress and Boost Your Energy In 10 Minutes
You might be hitting the gym hard and eating right this year, but how much time are you taking for your mental and emotional health? Simply taking a few minutes during your day to breathe can make a significant difference in diminishing stress and boosting your energy levels, keeping you ready for the work you're putting your body through. (Side note: This is how you should be breathing.) Take breathing one step further with a wellness walk with fitness pro Ellen Barrett, and learn how walking can keep you just as healthy as running. Schedule 10 minutes in the middle of your day to move,Read More →


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CDC forum brainstorms ways to respond to pandemics
H1N1 pandemic in 2009 illustrated the need to plan ahead to meet the challenges of distributing prescription drugs, officials told the community members
Chattanooga Times Free Press
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn. — The situation is dire. A flu pandemic tears through the Chattanooga area and thousands need medicine. But many are too sick to even get to the doctor, much less the drugstore.
What do you do?
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Full story: CDC forum brainstorms ways to respond to pandemics


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Tag Archives: social studies of finance
Financial economics, or "Would you please elaborate on 'then something bad happened'?"
Posted on January 19, 2015 by Oleg Komlik
"Would you please elaborate on 'then something bad happened'?" Advertisements
Posted in Theory in Pictures | Tagged economics, finance, financial markets, social studies of finance, stock exchange | Leave a comment
James Tobin on 'paper economy' and short-sighted speculation-generating financial instruments
Posted on December 3, 2014 by Oleg Komlik
Nobel laureate in Economic Sciences James Tobin at the conclusions in his (open access) "On the Efficiency of the Financial System" paper: "We are throwing more and more of our resources, including the cream of our youth, into financial activities remote … Continue reading →
Posted in Papers | Tagged finance, financial markets, financialization, neoliberalism, social studies of finance, technology | Leave a comment
'Performativity thesis': Accounting's mediating role in bringing theoretical statements from economics into life
Posted on October 23, 2014 by Oleg Komlik
An interesting "The 'performativity thesis' and its critics: Towards a relational ontology of management accounting" by Ed Vosselman, explores accounting's mediating role in bringing theoretical statements from economics into life. The paper addresses the so-called performativity thesis that claims that economic … Continue reading →
Posted in Papers | Tagged accounting, economics, performativity, social studies of finance | Leave a comment
"Classification Situations: Life-chances in the Neoliberal Era" proposes to revisit class analysis through the prism of techno-social changes represented by the advent of market devices
Posted on September 19, 2014 by Oleg Komlik
A very interesting research "Classification Situations: Life-chances in the Neoliberal Era" by Marion Fourcade & Kieran Healy examines the stratifying effects of economic classifications. They argue that in the neoliberal era market institutions increasingly use actuarial techniques to split and … Continue reading →
Posted in Papers | Tagged banking, class, classification, credit, markets, social studies of finance, stratification | Leave a comment
"Seeing, Knowing, and Regulating Financial Markets: Moving the Cognitive Framework from the Economic to the Social"
Posted on June 9, 2014 by Oleg Komlik
This (open access) interesing and comprehensive paper by Julia Black (LSE), argues that in order to regulate financial markets, we need a more sophisticated and realistic cognitive framework through which to analyse markets' dynamics and on which to base their regulation. To that … Continue reading →
Posted in Papers | Tagged actors, cognitive framework, economics, financial markets, law, New institutionalism, organizations, power, regulation, social networks, social studies of finance, trust | Leave a comment
"Insurgent Capitalism: Island, Bricolage and the Re-making of Finance" by Donald MacKenzie & Juan Pablo Pardo-Guerra
Posted on April 28, 2014 by Oleg Komlik
Drawing on recent discussions of the material cultures of markets and of financial innovation as bricolage, this paper explores the development of Island, a new share trading venue set up in 1995. The paper examines Island's roots in a very specific conflict … Continue reading →
Posted in Papers | Tagged Culture, finance, financial markets, social studies of finance | Leave a comment
Codes of Finance: Engineering Derivatives in a Global Bank
Posted on September 8, 2011 by Oleg Komlik
Codes of Finance is an unusual, provocative, and compelling account of today's structured financial products. The financial industry's invention of complex products such as credit default swaps and other derivatives has been widely blamed for triggering the global financial crisis of 2008. … Continue reading →
Posted in Books | Tagged banking, derivatives, ethnography, finance, investment, social studies of finance | Leave a comment


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Entertainer Steve Harvey who is known for multi-tasking several gigs at once received a star Monday Morning on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
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Whats the best way to take burms with a 426? I've heard two schools of thought.(1) Come in hot,pull in the clutch, roll into it, then hit the trottle or (2) Come in hot,use the engine braking with no clutch, then hit the throttle.
Takin burms
It really depends on the make up of the berm
Example Loamy Dirt, or Hardpack with Marbles or Sand, How high is the berm how deep.
All in all its a matter of style and experiance
Berms can be tagged just flat out if they are setup that way "Slow Sweeping High Berm Loamy Dirt"
Some you pick a crucial point and just slam it and wak the throttle.
I suggest watching the other riders first if its a fast sweeper or quick turn. Look at the ruts see what line most guys are using. Listen for when they shut off and when they roll back on.
You can pick up a lot of knowledge wacthing some hot shoe or local yocals go through them.....
Good luck
[ May 31, 2002: Message edited by: EgoAhole ]
Ego is probably an expert on cornering with berms, because he doesn't know squat about cornering on flat turns. See Egos better half for details.
Good luck,
Hey that kid center punched me
how far are you planning on taking the berms?berms are usually pretty heavy i suggest excavator and large dump truck , for medium sized berm you might be able to use tractor w/front loader and load it into your buddy's pickup.if it a small berm [like the one egoahole practices on]i would say a couple of shovels and a wheelbarrel will be enough to take berm to its new location.if you plan on taking these berms on freeway make sure you cover with tarp.you dont want to get a ticket.
lol, no! he wanted to take it on his 426! so he's gonna have to rig up some sorta hitch to the back of his bike, preferablly subframe, and find a trailer with a long nose so he doesnt jack knife it on his bike oh, and use freestyles suggestion of a tarp, dont want that berm blowin away ya know.
Man you guys can be "sarcastic"
look at this link it shows the proper setup and throttle usage of a perfect berm buster
[ June 01, 2002: Message edited by: EgoAhole ]
whats a berm buster?if its a tractor i'd like to borrow it. i need to take a berm over to my buddy's house we are going to setup up track in his backyard as soon as i figure out a way to take the doubles.
A berm buster is actually a secret code word for Super secret agents. They got the nick name berm busters sometime in the late 40's after WWII.
I am told the Brits coined the Phrase, Just so they could have some note worthy thing they have done since WWII
Ya see the Brits had the first Chance to start racing and they used old 650 twins. They did not turn very well so the Built Big Ol huge Berms for truns. Well the phrase comes from when a real drunk Brit jumped on his real big heavy 40 incher and just plowed through the Berm.
Hence Berm Busters
i wonder if i could get a few of those brits to give me a hand taking a couple berms.if there not to busy eating crumpets and sipping on tea.that jumping on a forty incher sounds a little bit too kinky for my taste.
practice practice practice.. At first I had a hard time with berms, but once you get the hang of it things will start to fall into place. Not all berms are the same, some are easier to enter wide and exit at the inside, and some are easier the other way around, depends on the corner. I personally do better if I roll through the corner, don't use the clutch, and use smooth throttle control. When I try to square it off and shoot out like on a 2-stroke I get worn out too fast. The things that helped me most is stay forward, weight the outside foot peg and keep your elbows up. Look where you want to go, not at the front wheel! Have fun!
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Nebraska Wesleyan University transfer equivalencies
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Find information about Nebraska Wesleyan University transfer equivalencies, and registering for elective discussion sections and seminars. Which college degrees give you the best chances of finding employment after graduation? Concentrating on Nebraska Wesleyan University transfer equivalencies, for example, may give you an advantage in corporate recruiting being conducted on-campus. Check with the admissions office for course registration deadlines, and transfer application program requirements. Please use the form above to request admissions info for Nebraska Wesleyan University.
Transfer students experience another pathway towards admissions. In fact, nearly half of all current undergraduate students begin their education by attending a community college. By far, the most common transfer path is students moving from two-year community colleges to four-year institutions, although there is considerable movement between four-year colleges well. Many private schools actively seek out transfer applicants to fill their classes.
The quality of classes, combined with low-cost tuition, encourages many high school graduates to continue their education at a community college. In most states, community colleges have transfer agreements in place with dozens of public and private universities. In fact, among all students in the US who earned a bachelor's degree, almost 1/3 had supplemented their college education with classes from a community college. Beyond major requirements within the admissions department, you may consider Modesto College evaluations for complementary electives to your primary course of study.
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huge mod fish bowl vase, retro aqua blue Italian art glass vintage Empoli Italy
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The Propagander ™ FAQ
Are There Any Lasting Effects From the Nuremberg Trials?
Werner Maser, from Nuremberg: A Nation on Trial: Despite all the criticism made of it in 1945 the Nuremberg Trial was essential and not only for the future of mankind. Before it the great developments in world politics had been personified by the men who became the wartime leaders--Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill. These developments ended in the Second World War and were the subject of the victors' proceedings in Nuremberg. The very different ends which these men met was not unconnected with Nuremberg and its preparation from 1941 onwards. Hitler committed suicide in 1945. Mussolini had been shot without trial by his political opponents shortly before. The other leading figures of this period of history, though in some cases no less incriminated than Hitler and Mussolini, died in their beds as honored statesmen. If the problem revolved solely round these men as individuals and round the major war criminals sentenced in Nuremberg in 1946 as violators of international law, then the historian would merely be able to take note with some detachment of the double standards by which these men were judged.
But the historian cannot remain detached, not because of the fate of these men but because the authority of international law is still being flouted by statesmen, politicians and military men. Since Nuremberg and Tokyo the historian invariably feels himself bound to take up the cudgels on behalf of international law in face of the attitude of politicians who are the people least prepared to learn from history. The victors of 1945 took a revolutionary step and the historian must accept it. Nuremberg having happened, however, it is now the responsibility, not only of the victors of that time but even more of their heirs and of every other nation, to show, by their attitude to international law, what value history is to place on the victors' tribunal.
Forty-five years later, it is necessary to ask whether, on balance, the Nuremberg trials did more good than harm. By convicting and executing a tiny number of the most flagrant criminals, the Nuremberg court permitted the world to get on with business as usual . . . . Perhaps Henry Morgenthau was asking for too much, when he demanded that German industry and military capacity be destroyed "forever," and that Germany must be "reduced to a nation of farmers." But perhaps the Nuremberg tribunal asked for too little, when it implicitly expiated the guilt of thousands of hands-on murderers, by focusing culpability on a small number of leaders, who could never have carried out their wholesale slaughter, without the enthusiastic assistance of an army, both military and civilian, of retail butchers. The Nuremberg Trial was an example of both 'victor's justice' and of the possible beginning of a 'new legal order' of accountability. Trying the culprits was plainly preferable to simply killing them.Since 1946, not much progress has been made, and the Promise of Nuremberg is largely unfulfilled (see Shawcross, above). During the Cold War, it was a matter of getting the US and the USSR to relinquish a certain degree of sovereignty, just enough to allow their own citizens to be under the jurisdiction of the World Court. Since the fall of the USSR, some token progress has been made, but a true international system of Nuremberg-style Justice will never be possible until the lone remaining superpower voluntarily allows itself to be judged. As long as only the war criminals of defeated nations are subject to international justice, such exercises will remain merely forums for victor's justice and will not be taken with the seriousness necessary.
The point now is what effect this trial will have on the future course of history. In this I must confess to great disillusionment. During the trial we had close friendly relations with our Russian colleagues despite the fact that we raised violent objection to their inclusion of the Katyn massacre in the Indictment. We thought that we were on terms of confidence with the Russians and would keep them as friends. But when the trial was over they went back to Russia, we lost all contact with them. All attempts to gain touch with them again failed. This communist veto on normal relationships is a sad fact. Even sadder were the cynical violations of international [peace?] as created at Nuremberg which we have had to witness meanwhile, Korea, Hungary, Kashmir, Algeria, Congo, Vietnam. Our Nuremberg hope that we had made some contribution to transition to a peaceful world under the rule of law has not been fulfilled.History has shown that the only time advances in such things occur is after global upheavals, and we will likely have to await the next one to make the next step. That is the way the world works.
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 3, 1979
|Filing date
|Mar 9, 1978
|Priority date
|Mar 9, 1978
|Publication number
|Lee R. Hodge, John M. Crowell, Richard A. Rogers
|Original Assignee
|Hughes Tool Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (16), Referenced by (41), Classifications (8), Legal Events (1)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates in general to earth boring machines, and in particular to an improved wrench mechanism for making up and breaking out sections of pipe of a drill string.
2. Description of the Prior Art
One type of earth boring machine uses a powered rotary that is mounted to a carriage which moves up and down the mast. The top section of the drill string is connected to a threaded connection at the rotary. Slips are normally located at a work table for supporting the weight of the drill string when disconnected from the rotary. The slips are also used to prevent the drill string from rotating when another pipe section or the rotary is being connected or disconnected to the drill string.
When removing sections of pipe from the borehole, normally a first or top section of pipe is pulled up into the mast so that its connection with the second or next lower joint is exposed. The slips are then set to support the string and to prevent the string from rotating. If the rotary is then rotated in reverse to unscrew the first section, either the lower connection or the upper connection will break. If the lower connection breaks first, then the first section can be restrained with a wrench while the upper connection is broken. However, if the upper connection section breaks first, some means is required to transmit torque from the rotary to the first pipe section to break the lower connection.
One type of breakout mechanism, as shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. Re. 28,351 and 3,695,364, deliberately loosens the upper connection first. In the first patent, the upper connection is broken while the first section is still in the borehole and held by the slips. In the second patent, an attempt is made to loosen the upper connection first while out of the hole, but if the lower connection happens to loosen first, the first section must be lowered back into the hole so that it can be grasped by the slips. The drill string is then pulled up to expose the lower connection, while the upper connection at the rotary is still in the loosened condition. Then a wrench, connected to the rotary, slides down and locks the first section to the rotary by the use of keys inserted in flats in the drill pipe. The rotary is then rotated in reverse to breakout the lower connection.
One disadvantage of this arrangement is that when using very heavy strings such as in blind shaft drilling, damage to the loosened threads may occur during lifting. Also, very high pitch threads are being used now that allow complete uncoupling in approximately one full turn. Consequently a danger exists that the string may be dropped when lifting with loosened threads. Other solutions, as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,680,412, have a breakout mechanism that operates independent of the rotary and is positioned directly at the lower connection. However, additional means are required to restrain the upper section when the rotary is reversed to breakout the upper connection.
Another solution to the problem of removing sections of drill pipe is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,037,672. The device disclosed therein utilizes a control system with different torques for drilling, for make-up, and for breakout. During pipe removal, the upper connection is further tightened to a torque greater than the original make-up torque between the first and second section, to assure that the lower connection will break first. While successful, another approach rather than multiple torques is desired.
The system shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,037,672 also discloses drill pipe having vertical slots for engagement by the gripping means as an improvement over flats such as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,460,638. If the pipe is not quite vertical with the mast, the vertical dogs of the wrenching means will not bear evenly against the sidewall of the slot. Uneven loading may cause breakage of a dog.
It is accordingly a general object of the invention to provide an improved breakout apparatus for an earth boring drill rig.
It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved breakout apparatus that assures that the lower connection will break first, then allows the upper connection to be broken from the rotary.
It is a further object to provide an improved breakout apparatus that utilizes drill pipe with vertical slots, and assures that the wrench dogs are always aligned with the slots.
In accordance with these objects, an improved breakout and make-up apparatus is provided that has an upper wrench attached to the carriage below the rotary. The upper wrench has dogs that are adapted to engage slots in the upper collar of the first pipe section. A pair of hydraulic cylinders power the upper wrench independently of the rotary, causing the wrench to rotate a selected amount. Lower slips restrain the drill string, allowing the first pipe to be broken at the lower connection by the breakout wrench. The wrench then restrains the first pipe section while the rotary is reversed to breakout the upper connection.
The dogs in both the upper and lower wrenches are connected to cylindrical pistons that are allowed to pivot slightly about their axis to self align with the slots. Also the upper and lower wrenches are offset to allow the rotary to be lowered to the lower slips without having to pivot the upper wrench out of the way.
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a portion of a drill rig having a breakout apparatus constructed in accordance with this invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the drill rig of FIG. 1 taken along the lines II--II.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the drill rig of FIG. 1 taken along the lines III--III.
FIG. 4 is a view of the rotary and upper wrench of the drill rig of FIG. 1 tilted 90 degrees to receive a new pipe section.
FIG. 5 is a view of the rotary and upper wrench of the drill rig of FIG. 1 lowered to the work table.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of one of the breakout dog assemblies of the drill rig in FIG. 1.
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the upper wrench of the drill rig of FIG. 1, taken along the lines VII--VII of FIG. 3.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the breakout dog assemblies of FIG. 6, taken along the lines VIII--VIII.
Referring to FIG. 1, a portion of a drill rig is shown including its base 11. A mast (not shown) such as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,037,672 extends generally upward from the base. A cross member or carriage 13 is mounted to the mast. Hydraulic cylinders 15, with piston ends 17 are mounted to the base 11 and serve as power means for moving the carriage 13 up and down the mast. Hydraulic cylinders 15 have been deleted from the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 2 and 3. Rotary drive means or rotary 19 is mounted in carriage 13 and is hydraulically powered for rotational movement in either direction. A work table 21 is carried by base 11. Slip means or slips 23 for supporting the drill pipe 24 in the borehole and restraining it from rotational movement are mounted to the top of the work table 21.
Carriage 13 is a known type that will pivot 90 degrees, allowing the rotary 19 to pick up and lay down sections of drill pipe 24 as shown in FIG. 4. The rotary 19 is a known type having a threaded spindle or male pin 25 for connection to the upper tool joint or collar 27 of a pipe section 24. As shown by the dotted lines in FIG. 2, work table 21 is horizontally reciprocable, assuming vertical to be the direction the mast extends, regardless of its true orientation. Work table 21 will slide on base 11 in the directions perpendicular to the length of the mast to move the slips 23 around the drill pipe 24, but it cannot move vertically. A hydraulic motor 29 and screw assembly 31 reciprocate the work table 21, although hydraulic cylinders can perform this function also.
Referring to FIG. 1, a wrench assembly 33 is mounted to the bottom of the carriage 13. Referring also to FIGS. 3, 4 and 7, the wrench assembly 33 includes a wrench housing 35 that is slidably mounted to carriage 13 by a retaining ring 37, which in turn is bolted to carriage 13. Retaining ring 37 allows wrench housing 35 to rotate with respect to the carriage 13, but it cannot move vertically or horizontally with respect to the carriage. Wrench housing 35 is generally cylindrical, of varying diameter, and surrounds the portion of rotary 19 at threaded pin 25.
Four gripping means or assemblies 39 are welded to the bottom of the wrench housing 35. Referring to FIGS. 6 and 8, each gripping assembly 39 comprises a dog assembly housing 41 that is directly connected to the bottom of wrench housing 35. Dog assembly housing 41 has a bore 43, an open inner or front end 45, and an end plate 47 closing the outer end. End plate 47 is fastened to dog assembly housing 41 by bolts 49. A cylindrical sleeve 51 is interferringly secured in bore 43 so that it is immovable. Recesses 53 and ports 55 in sleeve 51 in bore 43 provide lubrication to the inner wall of sleeve 51.
A generally cylindrical piston 57 is reciprocally carried in sleeve 51. A dog 59 is secured to the face of piston 57. Dog 59 is of elongated rectangular configuration, being approximately 4 inches long, 2 inches wide and one inch thick. An annular seal 61 fits in a groove 63 in the walls of piston 57 at the face. Two slots 65 are formed in the walls of piston 57 at the rear.
A cylindrical pin 67 is interferringly secured in a hole in end plate 47 so that it is immovable. Pin 67 extends parallel with the piston axis into one of the slots 65. As shown is FIG. 8, slots 65 are elongated, or larger in width than the diameter of pin 67. This loose fit allows the piston 57 to pivot approximately two degrees to either side about its axis. The additional slot on the bottom of piston 57 allows it to be inverted if desired to even the wear on both sides of the dog 59.
Piston 57 has a central axial bore in its outer end containing a threaded nut 69 located at the base of the bore. A sleeve 71 secured in the bore by a retaining ring 73 bears against nut 69 to prevent it from axial movement. A coupler 75 is connected to nut 69. Piston end 77 of a hydraulic cylinder 79 extends through end plate 47 and is connected to coupler 75. Coupler 75, similar to a ball joint, can swivel a certain amount to align piston 77 with the threaded nut 69. Hydraulic cylinder 79, and the linkage means between it and piston 57, serve as reciprocating means to move the dog 59 in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the mast. In FIG. 6, the dog is in the inner, or engaged position. In the retracted position, the face of dog 59 will be substantially flush with the front end 45 of dog assembly housing 41.
Referring to FIG. 3, each gripping assembly 39 has an opposing gripping assembly spaced 180 degrees apart from it. The dogs of each gripping assembly of each pair face each other. One pair is spaced or offset from the other pair by an angle α of approximately 45 degrees. This spacing leaves a space proportional to 135 degrees extending from the axis of one gripping assembly 39 on one side of the pipe to the axis of the next gripping assembly 39 on the other side of the pipe.
Referring to FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, a pair of hydraulic cylinders 81 are pivotally mounted with their cylindrical ends to a bracket 83, which is secured to the bottom of carriage 13. The piston end of each cylinder is pivotally mounted to the wrench housing 35 by pin 85. Hydraulic cylinders 81 are aligned perpendicular to the axis of the mast and positioned so that stroking them causes the wrench housing to rotate approximately 60 degrees in either direction. Consequently hydraulic cylinder 81 provides rotational motion to the wrench assembly 33 independent of the rotary 19 rotational motion.
The slips 23 include two gripping assemblies 86 mounted to the top of work table 21 that are similar to the gripping assemblies 39. Their internal structure is the same as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8. Gripping assemblies 86 are mounted 180 degrees apart with their dogs opposing each other. The upper gripping assemblies 39 at wrench assembly 33 are offset from the lower gripping assemblies 86 so that they will intermesh when the rotary 19 is in its lowermost position, as shown in FIG. 5. Preferably a vertical plane passing through axes of the lower gripping assemblies 86 is parallel with the vertical plane of the mast. The vertical planes passing though the axes of the upper gripping assemblies 39 are not common with the vertical plane of the lower gripping assemblies 86 when the hydraulic cylinders 81 are in the retracted position. Rather the vertical plane of the lower gripping assemblies intersects the upper wrench assembly 33 in the 135 degree spaces between gripping assemblies 39.
As shown in FIG. 4, the upper or female collar 27 of each section of drill pipe 24 has four slots 87 equally spaced around the outer wall. Each slot 87 is rectangular and extends from the shoulder 89 of the collar 27 to about one half the collar length. Slots 87 are approximately 2 inches wide, 1 inch deep and have approximately 4 inches of sidewalls 91, with the upper end radiused as a result of the milling technique during manufacturing. Sidewalls 91 are aligned approximately on radial lines from the axis of pipe 24 to provide a good mating surface with dogs 59 for transmitting torque.
Slips 23 also include a U-shaped opening 93 on work table 21 for inserting around pipe 24. The diameter of opening 93 is not as large as the diameter of collar 27. Shoulder 89 of collar 27 bears against opening 93, which thus supports the weight of the drill string.
In operation, to begin drilling, the first section of drill pipe 24 is picked up as shown in FIG. 4. Carriage 13 is lowered to the level of the pipe handling device and pipe rack (not shown), then tilted 90 degrees. The female collar 27 of the first pipe section 24 is inserted over rotary threaded pin 25 and loosely connected. Wrench hydraulic cylinders 81 are actuated to align dogs 59 with slots 87. Hydraulic cylinders 79 are actuated to insert dogs 59 into slots 87. Then rotary 19 and threaded pin 25 are rotated to tighten the pipe section to the rotary, with the wrench assembly 33 serving as backup. The dogs 59 are retracted, and carriage 13 is tilted back to vertical position while lifting the pipe section. A bit or drilling structure connected to the pipe 24 and drilling is commenced. Rotary 19 provides the rotation during drilling.
When one pipe section length has been drilled down, rotary 19 will be in its lowermost position as shown in FIG. 5. Upper gripping assemblies 39 will be intermeshed with lower gripping 86. To add another section of pipe, the rotary is raised until shoulder 89 of the pipe collar 27 is higher than the work table 21. Hydraulic motor 29 is then energized to move the work table 21 and opening 93 around pipe 24, as shown in FIG. 2. Rotary 19 is moved down until shoulder 89 bears the weight of the string and rotated until slots 87 align with the dogs of lower gripping assemblies 86. Lower gripping assemblies 86 are then energized to insert the dogs 59 into the slots. Pin 67 and slot 65 (FIGS. 6 and 8) allow self alignment. Dogs 39 restrain pipe 24 from rotating while rotary 19 is reversed to breakout its connection with pipe 24. Another pipe 24 is picked up and the process is repeated.
To remove drill pipe, the top or first pipe section 24a, which is attached to the rotary threaded pin 25, is drawn from the borehole until collar 27 of the second or next lower pipe section 24b is higher than slips 23. The work table 19 is moved into position around pipe 24b as shown in FIG. 2. Carriage 13 is moved down until opening 93 supports shoulder 89, and rotary 19 is rotated to align slots 87 with the dogs of the lower gripping assemblies 86. The lower gripping assemblies 86 are then energized to restrain the second pipe section 24b from rotating. Hydraulic cylinder 79 is then actuated to move dogs 59 of the upper gripping assemblies 39 into contact with the collar 27 of the upper pipe 24a. Hydraulic cylinders 85 are then actuated to rotate wrench housing 35 until the dogs from one pair slide into one pair of slots 87 of the upper pipe section 24a, as shown in FIG. 3. Rotation of wrench housing 35 is continued until the lower connection, designated as 95, in FIG. 1 is broken. During rotation by the wrench, the rotaty is in neutral, or a slight amount of reverse power may be applied to it if desired. The reverse power applied to the rotary will augment the hydraulic cylinder power. The reverse power should not be applied to an extent that may cause the upper connection to break before the lower connection is broken. After the initial break, the upper gripping assemblies 39 are retracted, allowing the rotary to spin out the lower connection.
The carriage is then tilted to place the pipe on the pipe rack. To disconnect the pipe section 24a from the rotary threaded pin 25, the rotary is rotated to align slots 87 with the dogs of the upper gripping assemblies 39. After engagement, by gripping assemblies 39, the rotary is reversed to break the upper connection with the pipe 24a, with the wrench assembly 33 serving as backup. This process is repeated for each section to be removed from the borehole.
The dogs of the upper gripping assemblies can be aligned with slots by rotating the wrench housing either prior to actuating them or after actuation. In either case, since the slots are 90 degrees apart, and the gripping assembly pairs are 45 degrees apart. The wrench housing 35 will never have to rotate more than 45 degrees to align the dogs with the slots. For the breakout operation, 15 degrees of rotation is sufficient to loosen the connection with the type of pipe preferrably used.
It should be apparent that an invention having significant advantages has been provided. The wrench apparatus, by being rotatably powered independent of the rotary, is able to quickly and efficiently remove sections of pipe. By using the wrench apparatus to grip and rotate the first section of pipe, the lower connection is assured of breaking out first. The upper connection is easily broken later by using the rotary to perform the breakout, with the wrench serving as backup. The self aligning structure in the gripping assembly assures that even contact is made between the dogs and the slot sidewalls. The offset spacing of the upper and lower gripping assemblies allows them to intermesh when the rotary is at its lowermost position. This avoids the need for a mechanism for pivoting the wrench apparatus out of the way when not in use.
While the invention has been shown in only one of its forms, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited but is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof.
|Cited Patent
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|U.S. Classification
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|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Aug 8, 1988
Owner name: BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED, TEXAS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:HUGHES TOOL COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:005050/0861
Effective date: 19880609


text:
The Couple in Belorado
I thought people might be interested in this story.
Keith and Kim both walk at a fast pace, they can´t seem to help it. This placed them in towns before most other walkers. When they arrived at Belorado, they were surprised to find an old couple already waiting in line for the refugio to open. Most refugios do not open until 1 pm.
Although the couple did have their packs with them, they looked like they hadn´t walked. You get several types of people on the Camino.
- Walking perigrinos: People that walk the Camino carrying all of their gear
- Cycling perigrinos: People that cycle the Camino carrying their gear (this by the way is often thought of the easy way by some, don´t believe it, I´ve seen how hard these pilgrims work to get through the hills and mud
- Light walkers: People that walk light, sending their heavy packs forward while carrying only a small day-pack and water. Nothing wrong with this. For many there are medical reasons and for others they just want to enjoying the walking part more. But never doubt that these people do walk.
- Tourigrinos: People that cheat the system by using buses or taxis to move from town to town snagging the cheap spots in refugios that cost 3-8 € instead of paying for a 30 € hostel. They have packs and pretend that they have walked, but you can usually spot them easily. There has been talk amongst some of the refugios of starting a black list of these people. No one likes these people, especially when you see very tired people who may have walked up to 40 km being turned away from a refugio that is full and having to walk another 3-5km (if not more) to find a bed while a tourigrino lounges in the refugio.
Note: When I was on rest days to heal my ankle I staying in pensions and hostels. In my mind, as in many others, no walk, no refugio.
The couple looked like light walkers, but may have been tourigrinos, it was hard to tell. So, Kieth and Kim just put their packs in line behind the couples and sat down to wait.
A few minutes later the hospitalero popped out of the refugio for one thing or another and saw the old couple. He greeted them warmly and embraced them both. He then proceeded to move them into the refugio before the opening and he ushered Kieth and Kim in as well. He processed them and let them grab bed and settle in.
As it turns out this the sixteenth time that the couple had done the Camino. Sixteenth! But they were getting on now and were driving the route to relive some memories. There were hardcore walkers, and we all think that they should always have a refugio bed waiting for them. Amazing people.


text:
- scrappysue
- Wellington, New Zealand
- welcome to my corner of the blog world! i love step, boxing, zumba, scrapbooking, photography, watching movies, walking the hills of my suburb, my family, and life in wellington. take some time to have a look around and be sure to say hi!
Monday, May 3, 2010
bad blogger: again
8 comments:
- Rachel Cotterill said...
Wow, that sounds busy! I hope you're having fun :)
- May 3, 2010 at 11:02 PM
- Elizabeth said...
That video made me smile. What noise, being a car with four girls! Five, if we count you. Your husband is a saint!
I love the girls' singing - all mumbly and cute!
- May 4, 2010 at 3:29 PM
- skoots1mom said...
thanks for that...so fun!
beautiful girls...i love their suddenly having "southern accents" as we say here in Georgia.
write...that 'long i' will get you every time :)
- May 4, 2010 at 5:03 PM
- cat said...
I hear Zumba is great - got to try it.
- May 5, 2010 at 1:32 AM
- Michelle said...
I have heard Zumba is a lot of fun. Good thing to do while waiting for the perfect job to show up. :)
- May 5, 2010 at 3:28 PM
- Melinda said...
I've not blogged in months. Not sure it is all to blame on FB but more the lack of blogging being a priority for me in this hectic pace of life. I sort of miss it I guess....so you are doing better than I even if you only post twice a week.
- May 6, 2010 at 8:50 AM
- Elizabeth said...
Oh, oh, oh! How I love you! http://sixgoldencoins.blogspot.com/2010/05/oh-mailbox-joy.html
Thank you, my friend!
- May 6, 2010 at 2:01 PM
- Elaine A. said...
They are just so sweet. Will you adopt me? I always wanted sisters and I'm thinking they'd make great Aunties to my kids! HA!
- May 7, 2010 at 2:30 AM