text:
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 is an unusual protein serine/threonine kinase that, unlike most of its 500-odd relatives in the genome, is active under resting conditions and is inactivated upon cell stimulation. The two mammalian isoforms, GSK-3α and β, play largely overlapping roles and have been implicated in a variety of human pathologies, including Type II diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, bipolar disorder and cancer. Recently, the modes of regulation of this enzyme have been elucidated through a combination of structural and cell biological studies. A series of relatively selective small molecules have facilitated chemical manipulation of the enzyme in intact cells and tissues, and new roles for the protein kinase in embryonic stem cell differentiation and motility have emerged. Despite these advances, the therapeutic value of this enzyme as a drug target remains clouded by uncertainty over the potential of antagonists to promote tumorigenesis. This article describes the state of understanding of this intriguing enzyme, and weighs current evidence regarding whether there is a therapeutic window for amelioration of diseases in which it is implicated, in the absence of inducing new pathologies.
- β-catenin
- diabetes
- glycogen
- protein kinase
Metabolic regulation
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) was originally identified as one of several protein kinases capable of phosphorylating the rate-limiting enzyme of glycogen deposition, GS (glycogen synthase) [1]. In peripheral tissues, insulin modulates glycogen metabolism through a co-ordinated increase in glucose transport and glycogen synthesis. Insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis by activating GS through dephosphorylation of GS, particularly at the sites targeted by GSK-3 [2]. This action of insulin is mediated by simultaneously inhibiting GSK-3 kinase activity and by activating one of the glycogen-associated forms of protein phosphatase 1. While the identity of the specific phosphatase and the mechanism by which it is activated by insulin remains elusive, the signalling pathway by which insulin inhibits GSK-3 has now been established. It was first shown that, in rat adipocytes, insulin treatment rapidly inactivated a protein kinase that was capable of phosphorylating ATP–citrate lyase, and it was later found that this protein kinase was GSK-3α [3,4]. Subsequently, it was shown that the insulin-mediated inhibition of both isoforms of GSK-3 (α and β) was mediated through a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism, with the phosphorylation of each isoform occurring at a serine (S) residue in the N-terminal lobe of the protein kinase (S21 for GSK-3α and S9 for GSK-3β) [5]. Several protein kinases can phosphorylate these residues, namely the AGC kinases, p70 ribosomal S6 kinase, p90 ribosomal S6 kinase, protein kinase A and protein kinase C. However, insulin-mediated phosphorylation and inhibition of GSK-3 in vivo is primarily mediated through activation of the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/PKB (protein kinase B) pathway [5,6]. The degree of inhibition of GSK-3 activity by insulin in skeletal muscle is ≈50%.
The mechanism by which N-terminal serine phosphorylation inhibits GSK-3 activity relates to an unusual property of GSK-3 in phosphorylating its substrates. The minimal recognition motif for phosphorylation by GSK-3 is S/TXXXS/T(P), where 'X' is any amino acid, and '(P)' denotes the phosphorylatable residue. In order for GSK-3 to efficiently phosphorylate its substrate proteins, it requires that the substrate is previously phosphorylated (by another protein kinase) at a serine or threonine residue located four residues C-terminal (underlined in consensus motif) to the site of GSK-3 phosphorylation (S/T residue in bold) [7].
Through biochemical and structural studies, it was demonstrated that the N-terminus of GSK-3, the structure of which is relatively disordered in resting cells, upon phosphorylation at S9, folds back on itself, forming electrostatic interactions with several residues (including R96) that are involved in binding the priming phosphate (Figure 1). This conformation occludes the active site, preventing binding of primed substrates. Thus N-terminal serine phosphorylation acts as a 'pseudosubstrate' competitive inhibitor [8–10]. Therefore it appears that GSK-3 exists in a constitutively active conformation in resting cells, and that inhibition of GSK-3 activity (through serine phosphorylation) is a means by which extracellular stimuli regulate this protein kinase. However, as described below, there are additional means of regulating GSK-3 activity distinct from phosphorylation (e.g. subcellular localization, binding to scaffold proteins, etc.).
In addition to its role in glycogen metabolism, GSK-3 also modulates other metabolic processes, including the rate of protein synthesis. eIF2B (eukaryotic initiation factor 2B) is a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor that is important for initiation of translation. Phosphorylation of eIF2B by GSK-3 inhibits its guanine-nucleotide exchange activity. This effect, like that of GS, is reversed by insulin through the PI3K/PKB-dependent inhibition of GSK-3 and dephosphorylation of eIF2B, leading to the activation of protein synthesis (Figure 2) [11].
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious metabolic disorder that is characterized by the inability to respond to the hormone insulin (insulin resistance), as well as the failure of the pancreatic β cells to compensate for insulin resistance by increasing insulin secretion. These two defects lead to the loss of control of glucose homoeostasis, resulting in hyperglycaemia and further complications, such as kidney nephropathy and blindness. T2DM is a rapidly growing problem, and its worldwide frequency is projected to rise by 6% per year.
Glucose/insulin-clamp studies, muscle biopsies/cell culture and NMR analyses have revealed that one of the major features of T2DM is the impairment of both basal- and insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism in peripheral tissues (i.e. skeletal muscle and liver). Compared with normal tissues, the muscle tissue from Type II diabetic patients has reduced glycogen deposition that is correlated with decreased activity of GS and impaired responsiveness to insulin [12,13].
While there is, as yet, no evidence for genetic mutations in the two GSK-3 genes associated with the pathogenesis of T2DM [14], there are studies demonstrating increased protein levels as well as activity of GSK-3 in skeletal muscle of Type II diabetics, and in adipose tissues of obese diabetic mice [15,16]. GSK-3 has also been implicated as a negative regulator of insulin signalling through serine phosphorylation of IRS-1 (insulin receptor substrate-1), making it a poorer substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by the insulin receptor, thereby attenuating insulin signalling [17].
Consequently, the therapeutic potential of GSK-3 inhibitors has become a major area of pharmaceutical interest. Indeed, there are several classes of inhibitors that are reportedly selective for GSK-3. Only a few of these GSK-3 inhibitors have been utilized in examining the role of GSK-3 in metabolism, and they are described below.
Lithium chloride is a widely used inhibitor of GSK-3 in vitro and in vivo, and has been shown to have some insulin-mimetic properties in various cell types. For instance, lithium chloride stimulates glucose transport and glycogen synthesis in adipocyte and muscle cell lines [18,19]. SB 216763 and SB 415286 are cell-permeant maleimide compounds developed by GlaxoSmithKline that selectively inhibit GSK-3 [20]. Treatment of liver cells, L6 muscle cells and adipocytes with these compounds stimulates glycogen synthesis [20,21]. All three compounds also mimic insulin's ability to regulate hepatic gene transcription, namely the repression of PEPCK (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase) and G6Pase (glucose-6-phosphatase), rate-limiting enzymes of gluconeogenesis [22].
Based on these observations, studies of GSK-3 inhibitors have recently been extended into rodent models of diabetes and Rhesus monkeys. Chiron has developed several potent and specific inhibitors of GSK-3. CHIR98014, CHIR98023 and CHIR99021 are aminopyrimidine derivatives that, in cultured human muscle cells and hepatocytes, stimulate the activation of GS and glycogen synthesis [23,24]. Oral administration of these compounds in Zucker diabetic (fa/fa) rats reduced overall glucose and insulin concentrations in an oral glucose-tolerance test, demonstrating an improvement in glucose disposal. This is accompanied by stimulation of GS in both the muscle and liver, with a significant increase in liver glycogen synthesis. Inhibition of gluconeogenesis was also evident, as demonstrated by the reduction in fasting glucose levels in response to an overnight treatment of rats with the inhibitor, possibly reflecting its ability to suppress hepatic expression of PEPCK and G6Pase [25]. Since these exciting findings, Chiron has developed improved derivatives of the GSK-3 inhibitors that have not only been characterized in the ZDF rats or ob/ob mice, but also in 'non-leptin/leptin receptor-defective' diabetic rodents, as well as diabetic Rhesus monkeys [26].
Wnt signalling: the other occupation of GSK-3
The Wnts, a family of secreted glycoprotein ligands, are essential for proper embryonic development due to their role in the regulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation, motility and polarity [27]. One way that Wnts can mediate a response is through the stabilization of a specific pool of β-catenin that is usually targeted for degradation. Stabilization of this β-catenin results in its accumulation in the cytosol and ultimately the nucleus, where it binds architectural transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family to activate transcription of Wnt target genes [28]. GSK-3 plays a central role in this canonical Wnt signal transduction pathway, since its phosphorylation of β-catenin on key residues is required for β-catenin's ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in 'resting' cells (Figure 3). Conversely, upon Wnt treatment, GSK-3 must be prevented from phosphorylating β-catenin to bypass the β-catenin degradation machinery.
Phosphorylation of β-catenin by GSK-3 occurs in a multi-protein complex containing, in part, axin, APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) and β-catenin [29]. Mutations in axin, APC and β-catenin have been linked to numerous types of human cancer, including those of the breast, skin, liver and colon [30]. Although once thought to be one of the few unprimed substrates for GSK-3, β-catenin has been shown to be primed at S45 by CKI (casein kinase I), allowing efficient subsequent serial phosphorylations by GSK-3 on residues T41, S37 and S33 [31]. It is the phosphorylation of β-catenin on S33 and S37 that appears to be essential for β-catenin's recognition by the ubiquitin ligase β-TrCP, which targets it for subsequent degradation [32]. Mutations of β-catenin at the residues phosphorylated by CKI or GSK-3 sites have been found in numerous types of cancer, including colorectal cancer, melanoma, pilomatricoma and hepatocellular and ovarian carcinoma [30]. Although it has been proposed that regulated phosphorylation of S45 by CKI might serve as a switch to modulate β-catenin's degradation [33], a recent study in Drosophila cells strongly suggests that the phosphorylation status of this residue does not change upon wingless (wg; the Drosophila Wnt orthologue) stimulation [34]. Similar findings have been found in mouse ESCs (embryonic stem cells), in which both isoforms of GSK-3 have been 'knocked out'. These cells have a massive increase in cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin that remains phosphorylated on S45 regardless of treatment with Wnt-3a and is unphosphorylated on residues 33, 37 and 41 as expected (B. Doble and J. Woodgett, unpublished work).
Axin and APC are also GSK-3 substrates. The phosphorylation of axin by GSK-3 has been reported to increase axin's stability and affinity for β-catenin [35–37]. It has been proposed that the mechanism of β-catenin stabilization in Wnt signalling might depend more on the regulation of axin stability rather than that of β-catenin itself, since it appears that axin might be the limiting factor regulating β-catenin degradation [38]. The phosphorylation of APC by GSK-3 also increases APC binding to β-catenin (Figure 3) [39].
The Wnt-induced mechanism precluding GSK-3's phosphorylation of β-catenin remains elusive. Wnt treatment of human embryonic kidney-293 cells, which was effective in stabilizing β-catenin, caused a reduction in GSK-3 activity as measured by immunoprecipitating endogenous GSK-3 and assaying its activity in vitro [40]. This reduction in activity was not as a result of S9/21 phosphorylation. Insulin treatment, although causing a reduction in GSK-3 activity and increasing S9 phosphorylation, did not affect β-catenin levels in the same cells. Thus it appears that the GSK-3 involved in β-catenin regulation is 'insulated' from other signalling pathways and is regulated in a unique manner. Recent experiments using Drosophila cells came to the same conclusions as the HEK-293 studies: namely, that wg treatment sufficient to stabilize armadillo (Drosophila β-catenin orthologue) does not result in S9 phosphorylation of the Drosophila GSK-3 orthologue, shaggy (sgg)/Zeste-white3, and that insulin-mediated inactivation of sgg through S9 phosphorylation does not impact on armadillo levels [34,41]. Further underscoring that S9 phosphorylation is not essential for wg signalling, a sgg minigene with an S9A mutation is able to rescue mutant sgg in developing larvae without developmental anomalies [41]. In a mammalian cell system, mouse ESCs re-expressing an S21A mutant form of GSK-3α in a GSK-3 null background have normalized cytosolic β-catenin levels compared with the very high levels in the null cells, and respond to Wnt3A with increased cytosolic β-catenin (B. Doble and J. Woodgett, unpublished work).
Recently, Sato et al. [42] reported that a small molecule inhibitor of GSK-3, BIO (bromo-indirubin-3′-oxime), could maintain the pluripotentiality of ESCs of mouse and human origin. The BIO effect on pluripotency is suggested to be due to increased Wnt signalling resulting from GSK-3 inhibition. That the effect is specific to inhibition of GSK-3 is supported by work with mouse ESCs totally lacking GSK-3, which are extremely limited in their differentiation potential (B. Doble et al., in preparation). These findings are perhaps not surprising, since it has been shown that increased Wnt signalling appears to favour self-renewal in other types of stem cells, including haematopoietic stem cells and mammary progenitor cells, and that mouse ESCs with mutations in APC are also unable to differentiate properly [43–45]. It has been suggested that Wnt's role in stem-cell maintenance and self-renewal may explain why mutations in Wnt pathway proteins are found frequently in certain types of cancer [46].
GSK-3 as a therapeutic target
Preliminary data from the GSK-3 inhibitor programmes (carried out as short- and long-term administrations) demonstrate that these compounds can reduce hyperglycaemia and improve insulin sensitivity [26]. While this proof-of-principle in inhibiting GSK-3 as a means to relieve the effects of T2DM is very promising, there are serious concerns regarding the potential of GSK-3 inhibitors as therapeutics. Firstly, the specificity of these compounds is not restricted to GSK-3. For example, lithium has many other effects, inhibiting adenylate cyclase, inositol monophosphatase as well as activating JNK [47–49]. SB 216763, SB 415286 and the Chiron inhibitors have been classed as more selective inhibitors of GSK-3, as they have been shown not to affect the activity of 24 other protein kinases in vitro. However, this does not prove complete specificity and many inhibitors of this class tend to exhibit some activity against the cyclin-dependent kinases.
Secondly, and more importantly, from a therapeutic standpoint GSK-3 is also a key player in the Wnt signalling pathway, which is dysregulated in many human cancers. GSK-3 inhibitors would be expected to mimic Wnt action, potentially promoting oncogenesis (see the Wnt signalling section). Indeed, all of these compounds have been shown to elevate the levels of β-catenin in various cell lines. Despite this, no deleterious effects of these compounds have been formally demonstrated as yet in the diabetic rodent studies. While there are some indications that the Chiron inhibitors elevate β-catenin levels in mice (as mentioned in the Material and methods section of [24]), the relative induction compared with Wnt was not determined. One will have to assess the effects of long-term exposure of the GSK-3 inhibitors on the incidence of tumours. However, it is possible that mild inhibition of GSK-3 (≈30–40%) is sufficient for therapeutic insulin-resensitization of the muscle and liver tissues in T2DM, and that a much stronger degree of inactivation (>75%) of GSK-3 may be required to invoke growth-promoting effects. This is supported by the finding that β-catenin levels are largely unaffected in embryos that lack GSK-3β [50], and that disruption of at least three of the four GSK-3 alleles is necessary to begin to impact β-catenin in ESCs (B. Doble et al., in preparation).
This research is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and the Banting & Best Diabetes Centre (Toronto).
Signalling Outwards and Inwards: A Focus Topic at BioScience2004, held at SECC Glasgow, U.K., 18–22 July 2004. Edited by J. Challiss (Leicester, U.K.), A. Harwood (University College London, U.K.), M. Humphries (Manchester, U.K.), C. Isacke (Institute of Cancer Research, London, U.K.), R. Liddington (Burnham Institute, La Jolla, CA, U.S.A.), T. Palmer (Glasgow, U.K.), K. Siddle (Cambridge, U.K.), C. Sutherland (Dundee, U.K.), H. Wallace (Aberdeen, U.K.) and M. Welham (Bath, U.K.).
Abbreviations: APC, adenomatous polyposis coli; BIO, bromo-indirubin-3′-oxime; CKI, casein kinase I; eIF2B, eukaryotic initiation factor 2B; ESC, embryonic stem cell; G6Pase, glucose-6-phosphatase; GS, glycogen synthase; GSK-3, glycogen synthase kinase-3; PEPCK, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PKB, protein kinase B; sgg, shaggy; T2DM, Type II diabetes mellitus; wg, wingless
- © 2004 The Biochemical Society


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Title text: Since the current Twitter threadfall kicked off in early 2016, we can expect it to continue until the mid-2060s when the next Interval begins.
| This explanation may be incomplete or incorrect: Needs more. Do not delete this tag before the explanation is actually complete.
F'nor is a character from the popular sci-fi/fantasy series Dragonriders of Pern by Anne McCaffrey. He is posting a Twitter comment (a "thread" that's only one comment long, hence "1/1") about "Thread", a massively destructive alien organism from the same series. Pern is a fictional human-colonized planet and the main setting of the series.
Typically, when starting a series of tweets (used to post content longer than 140 characters), one will start the first tweet with "Thread: " and end it with 1/X. The second tweet will read 2/X, and so on. If X, the total number of tweets, is unknown at the start, it will be listed or 1/many or omitted: 1/
Here, there is a play on the Twitter thread and the actual threat to Pern.
The use of threads on Twitter became significantly more common in 2016 and through 2017. The title text dubs this "Threadfall." In the Pern novels, Threadfall is also the name for the beginning of 50-year cyclic periods when Thread attacks the world of Pern and its inhabitants, which occur between relatively safe "Intervals" of around 200 years. Since according to the title text Threadfall occurred in 2016, it should be expected to continue for ~50 more years until the mid-2060s, when the next Interval will begin.
- [A mock-up of a "tweet" from the site twitter.com is shown. It contains a mock-up of a user photo of the fictional character F'nor that resembles Hairy, including a tiny line sketch of F'nor's brown dragon Canth flying overhead. Below the tweet are several action buttons typical of a Twitter post for comments, replying, likes, etc.]
- F'nor
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- Thread: The greatest threat to our life on Pern 1/1
On Friday, the header was replaced with a message from Randall about how he would be visiting the U.K. on the following week. It read as follows:
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***Please, take a look at this website to verify my points about WHO world rating of medical system in the whole world… http://www.who.int/healthinfo/paper30.pdf.
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Finally, and after some months working in our rehearsal space, (El Parche Nacional) we began our theater season presenting 3 plays of 5 in our repertory. First the premier of "Tricyclic" a dance theater cocreation as result of an artistic residency of Gina Shorten as foreign artist with the ensemble. Following this premiere, we nearly hit 50 performances of "Landscape Re-Invention Society" at the XIV Parada de Teatro Callejero in Tunja, and lastly, with our premier of "ANGELUS", a play for street and/or non conventional spaces based on Angelitos Empantanados from Colombian writer Andrés Caicedo, which was our creative focus for our laboratory in 2014.
The year keeps going with tremendus speed and it´s great to know that our days are full of theater, full of our plays on stage, taking plazas, streets and indoors venues. So our artistic team wants to invite you to join our theater season that is coming to a close. For us, this is a time for reflection together about our performances, to share the unique act of theater, an invitation to visit parks full of theatre, to see the escenic proposals from the 15 groups that make part of the Professional Street Theater Sector of Bogotá and see how from there, from the streets, we support our city.
This is how our premier was…….."ANGELUS"…………..!!!!!!!!


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"It's summer and beneath the warm sun and near the breezy ocean, anything could happen. Nick Duval is spending his vacations before college with his best friend slash love of his life slash fuck buddy, Sebastian Smythe. Nick thinks that spending the summer together with him will make him finally see how Nick truly loves him and wants more than sex. But what if he meets a bright blond surfer that is willing to show him what if feels like being loved, even if the brunet doesn't even realize it?"
Hi :D
So, I'm here with a new Niff fic, which I hope you guys will enjoy, since I've been thinking about this for a while :)
I don't know what to say next but enjoy and enjoy :D
Nick flopped down on the bouncy bed, looking around at his surroundings.
His room was extremely bright and sea-themed. The wide, full length windows let the daylight shine through the soft blue curtains, the light wooden furniture filling the room and the light-colored bed sheets relaxing Nick's mind.
He laid down on his back, closing his eyes and sniffing the salty sea breeze.
He wondered why Seb never brought him here. The house was huge, the air soft and breezy, the city – that he got a glimpse of from the trip from the airport to the house- amazing, and let's not get started with the ocean in front of the house.
Nick could totally see himself there for the rest of the summer, enjoying the beach, visiting Malibu and most important of all, try to finally win Sebastian over.
Nick smiled to himself, feeling a bit sleepy in the soft, calm atmosphere, his hands resting over his stomach and his head resting against of a bunch of pillows.
Summertime was the perfect time for Nick to make Seb see that he really loved him.
Sebastian and himself were in an "open" relationship for years now. They were actually fuck buddies but Nick didn't like that designation – it sounded too trashy.
Sebastian Smythe was the biggest whore you could think of but Nick didn't see him in that way. He only saw a scared boy who always went back to him, after being heartbroken by somebody else, for "comfort"…sexual comfort.
Nick had always been this oblivious boy who only saw the good side of people, or in this case, make up one for Sebastian. He ignored how Sebastian would bring a different guy to their dorm every night he went out. He ignored how fake Sebastian heart breaks were. He ignored everything that might pop his little love bubble, because he always got back to him. Nick had him for years now and if he did everything right, he could have him, exclusively, forever.
He must have fallen asleep, the faint sound of the waves crashing against the shore as a lullaby, because when he woke up the room was a lot darker and he had a body pressed against his.
"Mmm, feels good," He turned around and found Sebastian smirking at him. Waking up with the guy you love stroking your hair is the best feeling ever.
Sebastian gave a small laugh and leaned in so he could kiss Nick's neck "I hope this feels better," he whispered against Nick's warm skin, tickling him softly with his breath.
Nick moaned softly "It does," he closed his eyes "but our parents might get in, it's almost dinner time!" he warned, but his willpower was so weak when Sebastian's lips were on him that it was like he wasn't speaking.
"You slept through dinner," Sebastian stated, licking a small hickey he made under Nick's ear. He looked proudly at it before looking at Nick, a smirk growing on his thin lips "And they left, an informal meeting, or something like that" he leaned in and kissed Nick's lips, climbing onto his lap.
Nick opened his eyes and looked to see a mischievous glint in Sebastian's eyes. They were alone and he knew exactly what Seb wanted now.
His lean form on top of him was too familiar. He wrapped his arms around Sebastian's neck and kissed back, sucking on his swollen lower lip.
Sebastian moved like he knew how to make Nick whimper, well, he knew exactly how to do that.
Nick was easily aroused and with neck kissing, that was Nick weakness. He'd be moaning in no time and Sebastian could quickly get back to his room. He decided not to go out tonight and just have a familiar fuck. The journey had been tiring and he wanted to go to sleep after this.
Nick bucked his hips up, trying to get friction between them.
If you looked at the scene, you'd think it was romantic. The room barely lit by the moon light, the crashing waves as the background and two boys panting and kissing passionately on the soft bed.
It would be romantic if Nick wasn't blindly in love with Sebastian.
Nick woke up with a small groan, the bright morning light awaking him from a soft sleep. His naked body searched for the other's warmth, finding nothing but cold.
"Seb?" Nick yawned and rubbed his eyes to wake up as he sat on the bed and looked around. Nick sighed when he found the room empty. He'd expect, after last night, that Sebastian would at least wake up with him, but Nick shrugged it off. That wasn't something he wasn't used to.
Nick swung his feet over the edge of the bed and jumped onto the wooden floor, walking to his trunk on the corner next to the closet. He unzipped the bag and thanked the fact he placed the swim wear on top. He took his red with black striped swim shorts and put them on quickly, before taking a random white v-neck. He dressed himself and got out of the room, closing the door behind him and quickly running down the stairs as he fixed his mad bed hair.
He walked across the wide living room and jumped the small step to enter the bright kitchen "Morning mom," he greeted as he saw his mother drink from a fancy cup of coffee. He jumped on the island like he used to do at home and started to make a bowl of cereals with the items scattered around the big island.
"Morning sweetie," she drank the rest of her coffee and placed the cup on the sink.
"Where is everyone?" Nick asked, taking a spoon and taking his first spoonful of cereals. The house seemed empty.
"Out, and I'm going out too! I have a client to meet," he said quickly, taking her bag from the counter and walking to Nick quickly, kissing his forehead.
"Wha-" Nick asked, his mouth half full of lucky charms. "Seb went for a run a few minutes ago, he said he would find you on the beach," she stated as he leaved the house, slamming the front door.
Nick sighed and ate his cereals silently, looking around the kitchen. It looked very similar like the one he had at home, but this one had huge glass doors that let everyone on that side of the house see the ocean clearly. They didn't have private access to the beach but it wasn't that far away.
Nick looked dreamily at the ocean. He just loved the beach and, if he could, he would buy a house here and move in.
The walk to the beach was calm. It was around 10 A.M and there were not many people on the sidewalk to the beach- though, on the other side of the boulevard, it was full of people shopping or just walking to open their stores.
After breakfast Nick went to his room, taking out a backpack and filling it with water bottles, sandwiches he made for him and Seb, his towel, the book he was reading, sunscreen and his I-Pod, hooking it over his shoulder and taking his keys and wayfarers from the entrance door.
He walked down the few stairs to the sand and jumped the last one, feeling his flip-flops bury themselves in the sand. He took a deep breath with a smile, the salty smell of the sea flooding his senses.
He kicked his flip-flops off and grabbed them, walking through the sand for a space near the waves. He walked through families and groups of friends until he found a nice spot by the sea. He took his towel and laid it on the sand, then taking his shirt and throwing it inside the bag, not before taking the sunscreen.
Since he was alone, he had to keep his eyes on his stuff, which meant that he had to take quick dives until Sebastian came up.
He fixed his stuff before walking to the water, rather calm this morning, waves crashing by his ankles. He entered deep in the ocean, enjoying the coolness from the water. He threw himself into the water when it reached his waist. He outreached his arm and moved his legs so he could swim a bit underwater.
He didn't know why, but he felt so calm, serene underwater, like he was alone in a silent world. He had to come up eventually, pushing his brown hair from his eyes. He smiled contently and walked back to his towel, laying on his back and placing his arms under his head, enjoying the sun on his wet body.
Sebastian took long enough to come. Nick had eaten two sandwiches, drank two bottles of water and started reading a book when he came around 1 P.M.
"Just going for a swim!" he threw his sweaty shirt on top of Nick and ran to the water. The brunet sighed and turned the page, starting a new chapter, not expecting volleyball to knock his book away, making his give a small yelp
He looked up ready to protest when he saw a blond guy coming up to him with his hands up in surrender "I'm so sorry, my friends don't know how to serve," he said apologetically, grabbing the ball and the book by Nick's feet.
"No, it's okay," Nick shrugged it away and looked up to the boy. He had bright blond hair, a nice tan and sea green eyes, that you could lose yourself into.
The boy gave Nick his book, but not before he brushed it off of any sand it might have "I'm really sorry," he said as Nick took his book with a small smile and a shake of his head "As I said, it's fine," he reassured once again.
The boy nodded and looked back at his friends who were motioning for him to come back "Hey, do you wanna play?" he offered with a small dashing smile.
Nick considered the question, looking back and forth the boy and Seb coming from the water, looking stunning as ever "Uhm, no. But thanks!" he said looking up at the boy again with an apologetic smile.
The boy nodded and waved "It's okay, see you around," he patted the ball and winked at Nick before running back to the volleyball court.
Nick looked confused at the boy's back. Did he just winked? Nick shook his head and waved at Sebastian who ran to him, laying stomach down next to him in Nick's towel, which thankfully was big.
Nick looked down at Seb with a kind smile, who had his eyes closed and a small grin on his lips, before returning to his book, lifting his eyes from the letters everyone in a while to glance at the blond boy from earlier, before shaking his head and going back to the book.
Nick's eyes wandered towards the ocean as the clock stroked 5.
The faint sound of the waves crashing against the sand and the laughs of the people around him had always made the brunet relax. The soft fog that came from the sea and the thick sand under his toes were the best feelings Nick could ever experience.
Ohio was so far away from the ocean and Nick wished his parents had sent him somewhere near the waves and the beaches. He cherished every time he went on vacations to the beach because he didn't know when he would go back. That wasn't the problem now; he was going to be there for almost 3 months. He just wished he had someone to enjoy the sight with him.
He had- wanted- Sebastian, sure, but they hadn't even been there for 24 hours and he had already ditched Nick to hang out alone by the shore.
Nick sighed and glanced at where Seb was, waves crashing at his feet, talking cheerfully with a brunet guy.
That smile, Nick swears that every time Seb flashed that smile he would lose all his balance and his mind would go black for a few seconds.
As Nick looked forward again, his eyes stopped on the blond that had invited him to play with his friends earlier this day.
It looked like the scene of a cheesy movie; he got out of the water, surf board under his arm, light blue swim shorts hanging low on his waist, his hair moving from side to side as he shook his head, trying to dry his perfect blond hair.
Nick couldn't help but follow the blond guy with his eyes as he fixed his board under his arms and walking to his towel, a wide smile in his lips. They guy was just walking pass Nick, a few meters away, when their gazes locked and the guy stopped, smiling at Nick, who blushed guiltily for being caught staring.
"Uhm, hey," The guy approached Nick with a kind smile "Again." He laughed slightly, making Nick look up at him with a small shy smile.
"Hi," Nick said, the words barely coming out of his mouth, but apparently the boy didn't have any problems in understanding him.
"I couldn't help to notice you are alone," his mouth stayed open as if he was about to say something else like "again", but he quickly shook his head "Anyway, me and my friends would like you to join us in the water, and I won't take no for an answer this time," He said with a genuine smile and Nick couldn't help but smile back.
"I-I don't know," he said, his gaze turning to Sebastian a bit further on the beach, still ignoring Nick.
"C'mon we don't bite," A girl, around her twenties passed by the blond, surf board under her arm as she tried to unlace the tie on her boy surf shorts "Much." She winked,
"How about my stuff?" Nick looked at both his and Seb's backpacks, which they had brought after lunch.
The boy's green eyes looked around before walking to the bags and sticking his surfboard on the sand, next to them. "People know my board, they won't touch it" he grinned and walked next to Nick again, his hair still dripping water onto his chest. Nick had to shake his head so he could catch the boy's words, he was so stuck on his eyes "Would you come with us now?" he offered with a grin.
Nick sighed with a small smile "Sure, okay then," he said as he got up from his towel and shaking the sand from his stomach.
"You're all red on your back," the boy pointed out, looking at Nick's back "Let me guess, first day?" he rose a brow playfully at Nick. Nick smiled sheepishly and rubbed the back of his neck guiltily "I put sun screen when I came here in the morning," he tried to excuse himself but he knew he should have re-applied it a few more times.
The blond rolled his eyes playfully "C'mon let me apply some now!" he motioned for Nick to give him his sunscreen. The brunet quickly searched his backpack and threw the blue container at the boy, who easily caught it. Nick walked to the boy and turned his back to him so he could pour the white cream on his back.
Nick sighed and let his head fall a bit to the front as the cold hit his heated back. As the boy ran his slick hands down his back, the girl from before passed by them, this time towards the water and with a red bikini bottom; that was probably under her boy shorts. She had a small smirk as she called the boy "I don't think you've touched enough skin, you have his chest too Sterling!" she said playfully before running and throwing herself at the back of another bright blond's back, wrapping her legs around his waist as the younger boy carried her down the sand.
"Don't mind her, she's harmless," came the soft voice of the boy, as he patted Nick's back "All done!" Nick turned back and smiled back at the grinning boy. Would he ever lose it?
"Uhm," Nick started, kicking the sand under his feet "I never caught your name," he looked up at the boy, feeling a bit more confident. He didn't even know why he was feeling like that, he was ever the one to shy away.
"Sterling, Jeffrey Sterling!" the green-eyed boy extended his hand, which Nick took "But you can call me Jeff...Please do," he joked, making Nick laugh and shake his head.
"Nick Duval, pleasure" Nick presented himself, before pointing to the sea "So, still want to drag me there?" he said after a few silent seconds.
The boy -Jeff- shook his head with a smile "Yeah, sorry," he said and started walking back with a smirk "First there wins!" he challenged before winking and running to the water. Nick laughed, but the competitive vein in him made his legs move and run after the boy.
Jeff groaned softly when Nick ran by him, but as the brunet stopped by the crashing waves, the blond threw himself at the water and dived under the water, against a crashing wave. Nick stopped abruptly when he touched the water. Spending the day on the sand, the hot sun hitting him, made his temperature rise high, so when he touched the cool water, the thermal difference made him take a second thought at throwing himself.
As Jeff came from underwater, Nick shrugged and walked deeper into the waves, still flinching at a higher wave passing by "You won," he joked, walking to the boy. "Thermic shock?"Jeff asked with a smile, throwing water playfully at Nick, making him squeal, until he finally went fully underwater.
Nick stayed there for a few seconds. The cold water against his face felt amazing and the calmness and quietness he always found there made him feel relaxed. When he came up, shaking his head so his hair wouldn't stick to his face, he barely had time to see the girl and 4 more guys jumping on top of Jeff and making him sink quickly.
He couldn't even say Jeff's name when the said blond was coming up again with a grin and threw himself back, pulling the other blond, that looked way too similar to him, underwater. Nick didn't know what to do than just stay there and watched the scene with a smile. They all looked friends of his and Nick didn't want to get in the middle of them.
"Hell, calm down!" Jeff laughed as he threw the other blond away from him "You're scaring Nick!" he joked and turned to Nick, rolling his eyes towards the others "Don't mind them, they are normally more civilized."
"It's okay," Nick smiled and looked at them "Hey, I'm Nick," he shrugged and crunched down a bit so the water would be by his shoulders.
"Ivy," the girl from before waved with a kind smile. She didn't seem that out there as she was before.
"I'm Thad," a tanned boy nodded at him. He had black hair, spiked all over the place, mainly because of the water. He swam to Nick to shake his hand with a friendly grin. "Hi," Nick smiled back and shook the boy's hand.
Then Kurt and David presented themselves. Kurt was a very pale boy with bright blue eyes that stared into your soul. He seemed friendly, but he clearly had something different from the others. The other, David, was a guy with the friendliest smile Nick ever saw. He was enthusiastic and seemed like a joked. Nick liked him already.
"And this asshole is Jamie," Jeff put his hand underwater and pulled up a boy from his blond hair "That thinks he can out smart me," he joked as the boy pushed him away.
Jamie cleaned his eyes from the water "I'm Jamie, Jeff's brother," he nodded at Nick "So, where you from?" the teen – he didn't look older than 16- asked curiously "Me and Jeff are from Colorado," he added.
"Ohio," Nick answered "I thought you were all from here," he said slightly confused. They at least looked like.
"Oh really? I'm from Lima!" Kurt said with an excited voice.
"Westerville," Nick smiled back. Maybe he ran by this guy sometime in his life "That's cool, keeping the mid west represented here," he joked.
Kurt nodded and then started to point to the others "Ivy is the only one from here, born and raised Californian. Thad is from Vegas and David from Seattle. We have gathered here since what?" He looked around "2000?" everyone nodded.
Nick whistled, surprised "Big mix you have here," he smiled, feeling a bit out-of-place with the others proximity.
"We're just a big happy family," Jeff smiled and wrapped and arm around Ivy, who didn't even have time to protest before she was underwater. Jeff laughed as she rose again "You're on Sterling!" she said before she threw herself at him.
After that, Nick had the time of his life. The others seemed to accept Nick as a friend instantly and he had a great time on the water with them.
Eventually the time came for him to leave. They were by the shore, telling each other jokes or having the Sterling brothers and David doing back flips on the sand.
"Look guys," Ivy cleared her throat with a grin "and Ivy," Nick laughed "I have to get going." Nick said sadly. He was having a great time with them.
"Oh," Jeff pouted slightly "We were enjoying you here.
"Clearly," Ivy laughed and Thad smacked her arm softly.
Nick rose a brow at her but turned to Jeff when he spoke "But hey, do you wanna come to a party tonight? Ivy's brother owns the beach bar and it opens tonight!" He invited, the others agreeing with him.
Nick bit his lip "I don't know-"
"Please?" Jamie asked. The teen had liked the brunet and treated him like a part of their group like Nick had been there for years, which was nice, because Nick wouldn't feel excluded.
Nick took a deep breath "Ok, I'll try," he smiled.
So...that wraps up the first chapter!
I'm very excited to write the bar scene and I hope you too :)
Your thought would mean the world to me *hugs*


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Chocolat Paperback – January 1, 2000
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Vianne Rocher and her 6-year-old daughter, Anouk, arrive in the small village of Lansquenet-sous-Tannes--"a blip on the fast road between Toulouse and Bourdeaux"--in February, during the carnival. Three days later, Vianne opens a luxuriant chocolate shop crammed with the most tempting of confections and offering a mouth-watering variety of hot chocolate drinks. It's Lent, the shop is opposite the church and open on Sundays, and Francis Reynaud, the austere parish priest, is livid.
One by one the locals succumb to Vianne's concoctions. Joanne Harris weaves their secrets and troubles, their loves and desires, into her third novel, with the lightest touch. There's sad, polite Guillame and his dying dog; thieving, beaten-up Joséphine Muscat; schoolchildren who declare it "hypercool" when Vianne says they can help eat the window display--a gingerbread house complete with witch. And there's Armande, still vigorous in her 80s, who can see Anouk's "imaginary" rabbit, Pantoufle, and recognizes Vianne for who she really is. However, certain villagers--including Armande's snobby daughter and Joséphine's violent husband--side with Reynaud. So when Vianne announces a Grand Festival of Chocolate commencing Easter Sunday, it's all-out war: war between church and chocolate, between good and evil, between love and dogma.
Reminiscent of Herman Hesse's short story "Augustus," Chocolat is an utterly delicious novel, coated in the gentlest of magic, which proves--indisputably and without preaching--that soft centers are best. --Lisa Gee, Amazon.co.uk --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.
From Publishers Weekly
The battle lines between church and chocolate are drawn by this British (and part French) author in her appealing debut about a bewitching confectioner who settles in a sleepy French village and arouses the appetites of the pleasure-starved parishioners. Young widow Vianne Roche's mouthwatering bonbons, steaming mugs of liqueur-laced cocoa and flaky cream-filled patisserie don't earn her a warm welcome from the stern prelate of Lansquenet-sous-Tannes. In Francis Reynaud's zeal to enforce strict Lenten vows of self-denial, he regards his sybaritic neighbor with suspicion and disdain. Undaunted, Vianne garners support from the town's eccentrics, chiefly Armande Voizin, the oldest living resident, a self-professed sorceress who senses in Vianne a kindred spirit. A fun-loving band of river gypsies arrives, and a colorful pageant unfurls. The novel's diary form?counting down the days of Lent until Easter?is suspenseful, and Harris takes her time unreeling the skein of evil that will prove to be Reynaud's undoing. As a witch's daughter who inherited her mother's profound distrust of the clergy, Vianne never quite comes to life, but her child, Anouk, is an adorable sprite, a spunky six-year-old already wise to the ways of an often inhospitable world. Gourmand Harris's tale of sin and guilt embodies a fond familiarity with things French that will doubtless prove irresistible to many readers. Rights sold in the U.K., Germany, Canada, Sweden, Holland, Spain, Italy, Finland, Denmark, Brazil, Israel, Norway, Greece, the Czech Republic, Poland.
Copyright 1998 Reed Business Information, Inc. --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.
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The characters in this story are well developed. The plot moves along quickly. However, there are so many chapters that mention food, I think I gained weight just reading this book!
This book would be very good if you're looking for a cosy read on a rainy day. It's sweet. It's cute. Yes, there's a sprinkling of magic, more so than in the movie. This book would be suitable for young adults and older.
I would recommend this book to readers who like: fiction, stories involving tolerance/intolerance, going along with the status quo and strong women.
"Chocolat" is a lyrically written, beautiful tale, tenderly wrought. I know I shall read it again some day.
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After reading the book I watched the movie. Big mistake!!! The movie is so disappointing! Nothing like the book at all.Read more


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Students are required to do a weekly rotation in the school office where they assist the administrative assistant and the principal as required.
Students also complete an integrated business simulation where they are required to work in three departments of that business including: Marketing and Sales, Finance and Accounting, and Operations.


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text: After reading all of yourave about the SVS subs I finnaly got a pair of 20-39CS+ and the Samson 1000. As it is 10 at night now and I just finished hooking them up, I can't really go nuts but from what I hear so far they should out gun my dual SPL1200's I have. Now that I got the SVS's online its time I need to find some spots for my SPL1200's. Stacking them isn't going to fly (WAF) but I can place them on either side of the couch, which is my primary listening position, and really have a tactile environment. Tomorrow I will calibrate and EQ the subs(BFD) and see if the SLP1200's will be an overkill, if there is such a thing. Mike


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Practicing in the Appellate Courts is for the purpose of reviewing trial court judgments to correct of errors committed by the trial court, development of the law, achieve a uniform approach across courts, and the pursuit of justice, more generally. Appellate courts are not a forum to make a new case, but instead they determine if the rulings and judgment of the court below were made correctly.
Zamora (formerly, Black's, Blacks, Black's Station, Blacks Station, and Prairie) is an unincorporated community in rural Yolo County, California, U.S. , on Interstate 5 due west of Knights Landing. Its ZIP code is 95698 and its area code 530. It is in the northern part of the county. Children attend schools to the south in Woodland, California; older children attend Woodland High School. There is a 4-H Club. Yolo County officials estimated its 2005 population at 61 and predicted it would have a population of 99 by 2025. Zamora is served by its own post office, and a volunteer fire department. There is one Catholic church. It lies at an elevation of 52 feet. In 2006, the Yolo County Health Department reported a mosquito was found infected with West Nile Virus at a Zamora testing site.
Appellate Law Lawyers In Zamora California


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Malaysia is one of the most dynamic digital market in Southeast Asia with a profusion of famous blogs. The following Top 50 blogs from Malaysia was created to gather the most prominent blogs of the Malaysian online community and help everyone find and learn from digital thought-leaders and trendsetters of the region. Continue reading
Top e-commerce sites in Malaysia 2017
With its dynamic economy and developed infrastructures for digital technologies, Malaysia is a very attractive market for e-commerce in Southeast Asia. Several websites and digital applications are already present in the Malaysian e-commerce landscape, with some global, regional and national players grabbing their shares. Continue reading
Insights and trends of e-commerce in Malaysia
One of the most dynamic countries online in Southeast Asia, Malaysia is a very attractive market for e-commerce. A middle-income country with a digital population of more than 20 million people, Malaysia attracts appetites both from local and global companies interested in grabbing a share of its e-commerce market. Continue reading
UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Malaysia
Malaysia gathers lush natural parks and historic sites classified in the UNESCO World Heritage Sites. With the architectural heritage of the cities of Malacca and Georgetown, two exceptional natural sites and a site of prehistoric remains, Malaysia counts four sites that have been recognized for their value for all mankind. Continue reading
Market analysis of Malaysia
Malaysia is an attractive country for many investors thanks to its modern society, habits and tastes, fairly high income and consumption. With accurate numbers on its demography, geography, revenues and household expenditures, this overview of the Malaysian market will provide useful marketing insights. Continue reading


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Welcome to Episode 13 of the April Eight Songs & Stories Podcast. Today's story is "The Fairy Queen & the 3 Brothers, Story Two".
On today's episode, I tell you the story of Mell, the middle brother of the 3 brothers who are trying to bring down the regal Fairy Queen. Last week we heard how the youngest brother Quell not only couldn't steal the Fairy Queen's sparkle, he actually came to like and respect her.
But now it is Mell's turn, and he thinks he has a pretty good idea. He wants to steal the Fairy Queen's scepter believing it is the source of all of her magic. Is it? And is he able to take it away during the Equinox Festival? You'll find out!
You can listen to today's episode and every episode of the "April Eight Songs & Stories Podcast" on your iPhone or Android. Subscribe at iTunes, GooglePlay, Stitcher or Soundcloud and never miss a story.
Here is an excerpt from today's story:
And Mell wondered if that scepter actually was the fairy queen's magic wand… for the Fairy Queen seemed to be quite magical. You see, ever since Mell and his brothers had made their terrible bet, Mell had been spying on the fairy queen. He noticed that she seemed to be working all kind of magic every day on the citizen's of her kingdom – for when they saw her they smiled and when she talked with them they laughed…. Mell was pretty sure all the magic was coming from her scepter. He figured she must have cast a magical spell upon the whole kingdom and that that was why everyone loved her.
But how to steal away that scepter? Mell sat on a stump and tried ot come up with a plan.
"I just don't know. I just don't know. I just don't know." Said Mell.
"How? How? How?" Said Mell.
Mell remembered that the queen usually had her scepter with her at special events… hmmm…
"Special Events.Special Events.Special Events."
"I wonder when the next special event is?" Thought Mell.
Just then Mell's little brother Quell came wandering by dressed in his nicest shirt, cleanest pants and, from what Mell could see, Quell had even shined his shoes. He looked rather dashing although there were still little bits of straw sticking out of his hair from his nights sleeping in the barn.
"Just where do you think you are going, Mr. Fancypants?" asked Mell.
"To the Equinox Festival, of course," mumbled Quell feeling embarrassed. He was hoping to get passed his brothers without them seeing him.
"The Equinox Festival," said Mell. "Of course!"
"Of course what?" said Quell.
"Of course that is where I can steal the Fairy Queen's scepter," said Mell.
"Oh….," said Quell. He didn't want Mell to do that. But what could he do? His older brothers never listened to him.
Quell shuffled away as fast as he could. He didn't want any part of whatever Mell had in mind.
Quell had been so excited about the Equinox Festival, but now he was worried. What terribly thing might Mell do to try and bring down the Fairy Queen?
I mention in the podcast the super silly Halloween video that my daughter Mia and I made a few days ago. Oh, and also the free song download. But what I forgot to say was that I did a Facebook Live, where I introduced Roxie's best friend, Rocco, and Roxie says hi too. And we sing some songs, like we do, and had a generally all around great time. So come see, if that sounds fun.
Now I've been super busy lately, way, way, WAY more busy that I ever thought I would be – for my dear husband is running for Judge here in Hamilton County, Ohio and we've been on the campaign trail. What an interesting and wonderful experience that has been (I'm serious!) but wow, what a lot of work. So, I haven't been able to spend any time writing except in the littlest nooks and crannies of the day. And how I miss it! But no worries, November 8th is on its way, election day in the USA, and then I'll be back to writing my podcasts much more regularly. I cannot wait!
Meanwhile, vote folks. Please vote.
All songs, stories, and illustrations are copyrighted by me, ©April Eight 2016.


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As ordinary human beings, we tend to have these emotions called desires. We yearn for many things, and it's certain that we will only ever have a fraction of them. Among what we can have, anything truly valuable—anything about which we are genuinely proud—is the result of a long struggle, fraught with uncertainty. Just as likely, we might waste our efforts on something futile, or tire of fighting the doubts of ourselves and others and give up. We have 'flaws' that foil our otherwise watertight plans for perpetual happiness. On the rare occasions we get something we desire, we usually find it isn't exactly what we thought it would be.
All half-decent characters in fiction are driven forward by what they want and frustrated by flaws and obstacles which hold them back, and a happy ending is when they get what they wanted and overcome the obstacles and their flaws. If this all seems very basic you'll have to forgive me, because it's easy to forget these basic things when you've been given the task of reanimating the corpse of a major franchise.
At the beginning of The Force Awakens, Rey is in a much lower place than Luke was at the beginning of A New Hope; Luke has a loving family and a place in the world, Rey lives alone in shack in the company of an ever dwindling ration of instant muffin powder. Luke's desire to leave the safety of his village for adventure in a galaxy which is far beyond him seems boyish and selfish, and in the pursuit of it he becomes whiny. His desires and his flaws are both familiar to us, belonging as they do to every third farmboy in the history of the fictional universe.
Everyone in the Ordinary World, which is most of us, wants to be a part of the Special World. When Luke says he wants to join the Rebellion, or that he wants to become a Jedi, we say: "me too." That we can empathize with and share a character's desires is what allows us to share their adventure as if it were our own, and escape to the Special World for that same liminal period the hero himself does.
In musical theater and the animated films of Disney, the act of conveying what motivates a character is practically a science, and goes by the name of the "I Want" song. No one who saw The Lion King is unclear about what it is that Simba wants. The best "I Want" songs, of which the Lion King example is one, also allude to the personal flaws and external obstacles that will prevent our hero from getting what they want. The "I Want" song in A New Hope is when Luke is discussing his future with his uncle, a scene which culminates in the brilliant binary sunset. Luke's dreams appear to be slipping away from him, like the fading light of the suns.
Because Rey's situation is so low at the beginning of The Force Awakens, we are presumably to take it as a given that she wants a better life. She lives alone, though—if she had such a desire, who would she relate it to? Perhaps to Morph Ball Samus? Who knows. Should J.J. have simply ripped off—I mean, paid homage to—the binary sunset scene? It wouldn't have meant anything if he had, without first addressing Rey's desires. The fact is that Rey is never shown to really want any of the things she is handed, throughout the movie, in conveyor-belt like fashion. This is neither the arc of a hero nor a particularly relatable process for anyone short of a trust fund child. Perhaps that is realistic, given the likelihood of her having noble blood.
I've only seen the movie once, a few days ago, but I didn't sleep through it. I'm not discounting the possibility that there were some offhand comments about what she wanted, but that alone is inadequate to make an impression. When a character's desires are competently conveyed, they suffer when those desires are frustrated, and they are excited when their fulfillment seems close at hand. They despair when they lose something in their pursuit. Luke goes through all of this.
When a human character enters the Special World, it amazes them, and by extension us. These beats were absent from Rey. She fixes Han Solo's spaceship for him. She knows all about it, you see. This pattern continues and, if it were not for the overwhelmingly human presence of Finn, might have drained the blood out of the movie.
The mysterious provenance of Rey's hyper-competence is an easy target, and has been touched upon before by other commentators as a weakness of the film. There's really nothing to say about her five-minute Force clinic except that it was almost as silly and demeaning of the previously numinous Force as midichlorians were. Much about Rey's character is ex nihilo. Luke compares hitting the exhaust port to blasting womp-rats from a speeder back home, so his confidence at approaching this task is understandable. Even so, he requires supernatural aid when, in the end, it isn't as easy as he thought it would be. To the extent that Luke is extraordinary, we understand why, and we see him as a normal person with access to special powers.
Rey is a special person with access to special powers. We assume she taught herself martial arts, a feat which usually requires a master, because she does not need other people's help. Her flaws—chief among them Wrath—do not ever become an obstacle for her. I don't believe another character even attempts to take her down a peg, as Han Solo does to occasionally overbearing and haughty Leia. It never occurs to them to do so. Why would it?
Many have complained of The Force Awakens as formulaic and derivative of A New Hope. I don't believe this is the case, and I offer the hero Rey as the evidence. The Force Awakens is actually an inversion of A New Hope, and of many similar movies with everyman protagonists. It is not that difficult to make a hero identifiable, to give them human emotions, flaws, and motivations, and to make sure all the signposts on the Hero's Journey are struck. Lucas's sincere devotion to these tropes, and to making them as fun as possible, is what makes A New Hope successful. All of this material and expertise was available to a project like The Force Awakens. If they wanted Rey to seem human, they would have done so.
Rey is who she is because she isn't an ordinary human being, but rather a semi-divine warrior akin to Gilgamesh. Her singular name invokes the sun. Her personality is eerily reminiscent of Achilles. She is handed everything because divine children receive special gifts simply due to their status, as when Hephaestus forged Achilles' arms for him because his goddess mother pleaded for it.
The world of Star Wars has become ordinary to us, and that makes it inadequate as a mystical Special World. Rey, as a descendant of the gods, brings the Special World to Star Wars. That is why Han Solo is amazed by her, rather than the opposite. That we might be tempted to find her perfection obnoxious is also built-in: the men of Ur were largely sick of Gilgamesh for the same reason.
So you see, it's actually genius. The Force Awakens understands we've grown tired of regular people and their boring struggles to fulfill their dreams, and delivers us a god. All hail Rey.
But you know, even Gilgamesh wept.