text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jul 4, 2006
|Filing date
|Aug 22, 2002
|Priority date
|Aug 24, 2001
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Norbert J. Pelc
|Original Assignee
|The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (38), Non-Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (24), Classifications (12), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/314,943, filed Aug. 24, 2001, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates generally to computed tomography (CT) systems and, more particularly, to volumetric CT (VCT) systems.
Conventional x-ray imaging is based on the absorption of x rays as they pass through different parts of a patient's body. Depending on the absorption in a particular tissue such as muscle or lung, a different intensity of x rays will pass through and exit the body. During conventional x-ray imaging, the exiting or transmitted x rays are recorded with a detection device, such as an x-ray film or other image receptor, and provide a two dimensional projection image of the tissue within the patient's body. While these images can be very useful, when there is one structure in front or behind another, their images are superimposed in a single projection image and it is impossible to know which is in front, and each may obstruct the visibility of the other.
While also based on the variable absorption of x rays, Computed Tomography (CT) imaging provides a different form of imaging known as cross-sectional imaging. CT imaging, also known as Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) scanning, has been developed and used for many years to generate images of cross-sectional planes or slices of anatomy. Each image is generated by a computer synthesis of x-ray transmission data obtained in many different directions in a given plane. Because CT scans reveal organs, bone, blood vessels, and soft tissues, including lung, muscles, and tumors, with great clarity and detail, CT systems are particularly useful as a diagnostic or therapeutic guidance tool for medical purposes. CT systems have also been known to be useful in industrial, security, and other systems where imaging data are to be obtained.
A CT system typically has a circular opening and includes an x-ray source and a detector array. A motorized table is commonly used to move a subject to be examined, such as an object, a patient, or a region of interest thereof, up or down and in or out of the circular opening. The x-ray source and the detector array are mounted on opposite sides of a rotating gantry. As the patient passes through the system, the x-ray source rotates around the inside of the circular opening. The x-ray source produces x-rays that pass through the patient and impinge on the detector array, which may be arc-shaped and also revolving. This process is also known as scanning.
In known third generation CT systems, the x-ray source, comprising an x-ray tube, provides x-rays emanating from a point commonly referred to as a "focal spot". The x-ray beam emanating from the focal spot to the array of detectors resembles the shape of a fan and therefore is sometimes referred to as a "fan beam". The narrow, fan-shaped beam of x rays is used to irradiate a section or slice of the patient's body. The thickness of the "fan beam" may be as small as 0.5 millimeter or as large as 10–20 millimeters. A typical scanning process usually involves many rotations, each generating a different slice. Thus, the scanning process could involve dozens or hundreds of rotations of the x-ray source around the patient in coordination with the motorized table through the circular opening.
The x-ray source is coupled to the detector array in a manner that the focal spot of the x-ray tube and the detector array are on one plane. The x-ray source and the detector array rotate together about an axis of rotation, such as an axis through the patient, perpendicular to the plane. For each position of the rotating gantry, the detector array records x rays exiting the section of the patient's body being irradiated as a projection, also known as a view or an x-ray profile. Many different views are collected during one complete rotation, typically a 360 degrees rotation. A single rotation takes about 1 second. During each rotation, the detectors may record about 1,000 views (x-ray profiles). The x-ray projection data collected/measured/sampled are then sent to a computer for reconstructing all of the individual views into a cross-sectional image (slice) of the internal organs and tissues for each complete rotation. Multiple computers are typically used to control the entire CT system. Despite the discrete nature of the sampled data, a number of known reconstruction algorithms are able to convert the collected data into high quality images of the slice. In this scanning mode, a three dimensional image can be made by producing images of slices, one at a time. The thickness of the slice and the spacing between slices are adjustable.
Most modern CT imaging systems are capable of performing "spiral", also called "helical", scanning as well as scanning in the more conventional "axial" mode as described above. Spiral CT systems are well known in the art. An exemplary teaching can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,966,422, "MULTIPLE SOURCE CT SCANNER," issued on Oct. 12, 1999 to Dafni et al. and assigned to Picker Medical Systems, Ltd. of Haifa, Israel.
Briefly, the term "spiral" comes from the shape of the path, relative to the object, taken by the x-ray beam during scanning. The motorized (examination) table advances at a constant rate through the scanning gantry while the x-ray source rotates continuously around the patient, tracing a spiral path relative to the patient. This spiral path gathers continuous x-ray profile data without gaps. The pitch of a spiral scan, or helix, is defined as how far the patient is translated during one rotation divided by the thickness of the fan beam. In a typical procedure, the pitch ranges from about 1 to 2. A single rotation takes approximately 0.5 to 1 second.
Some CT imaging systems, also called multi-detector CT or multi-row CT systems, are capable of imaging multiple slices simultaneously, allowing relatively larger volumes of anatomy to be imaged in relatively less time. In such a system, a number of planes or slices are sampled simultaneously via multiple rows of detectors. Since data for several slices can be obtained in one scan, total scanning time is greatly reduced. Exemplary teachings can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,047,040, "DETECTOR SIGNAL INTEGRATION IN VOLUMETRIC CT SCANNER DETECTOR ARRAYS," issued to Hu et al. on Apr. 4, 2000; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,137,857, "SCALABLE DETECTOR FOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPH SYSTEM," issued to Hoffman et al. on Oct. 24, 2000 and assigned to General Electric Company of Milwaukee, Wis., U.S.A.
However, these multi-detector or multi-row CT systems still require more than one revolution during image scanning to produce data for a thick volume. A logical extension to the multi-slice or multi-detector scanning mode is called a cone beam CT. The goal is to enable the reconstruction of an entire three-dimensional (3D) object using a single rotation. Unfortunately, this imaging geometry suffers from several known drawbacks such as image artifacts, sometimes referred to as cone beam artifacts, and image reconstruction errors. Briefly, the divergence of the x-ray beam in the direction of the axis of rotation causes the reconstruction problem to be ill-posed. Indeed, even in multi-row CT systems, as the angle spanned by the multiple rows increases, so do the image reconstruction problems caused by the image artifacts. As such, the system will increasingly suffer from cone beam artifacts. Additionally, if one tries to reduce these artifacts by using more accurate reconstruction algorithms, image reconstruction can be computationally intensive and slow in cone beam CT systems.
Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a fast and reliable volumetric CT system capable of providing image data for reconstructing an entire 3D object using a single rotation without suffering from image artifacts such as cone beam artifacts, overcoming image reconstruction errors and beam divergence problems common in known cone-beam CT systems.
The goal is achieved in a CT system capable of providing data for reconstructing an entire 3D object using a single rotation, the system comprising an array of x-ray sources distributed along a line parallel to an axis of rotation, a plurality of flat collimator plates positioned perpendicular to the axis of rotation and near the x-ray sources so to limit the x-rays illuminating the object to contain only x-rays that travel substantially along lines perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and a flat panel x-ray detecting means comprising an array of small and fast x-ray detectors for detecting and measuring transmitted x-rays emitted by the entire source array. In a preferred embodiment, a reversed imaging geometry is used. The x-ray source consists of a 2D array of source positions and the detector is an array that spans the extent of the object being imaged in the direction parallel to the axis of rotation. A collimating means restricts the x-rays primarily to those directed at the detectors. The collimating means may be an array of collimators, one in front of each source position, or a piece of dense metal having a plurality of holes one in front of each source position.
Still further objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art upon reading and understanding the following drawings and detailed description of the preferred embodiments. As it will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art, the present invention may take various forms and may comprise various components and steps and arrangements thereof. As such, the drawings are for purposes of illustrating a preferred embodiment(s) of the present invention and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As discussed herein, employing the many rows of detectors in array 102, system 100 can produce multiple slices at a time, thereby providing a relatively faster scanning of subject 104 than a conventional CT system with a fan-shaped beam in spiral (helical) scanning mode. However, as is well known in the art, this cone beam imaging geometry suffers from several drawbacks, such as image artifacts and image reconstruction errors, caused by the divergence of the x-ray beam in the direction of the axis of rotation. The divergence problem and hence the cone beam artifacts worsens as the number of rows in the detector array 102 increases. That is, in a multi-row or cone-beam CT system, as the angle spanned by the multiple rows increases, so do the image reconstruction problems caused by the cone beam artifacts.
The cone beam artifacts would be mitigated if, for each point in the object being imaged, x-ray transmission was measured along rays lying on the plane through the point and perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and in many directions through the point.
In order to provide a CT image of the volume being scanned, the x-ray source 201 is rotated relative to the object 204 such that the plurality of scanned fan beams are transmitted over an angle of 180� plus the fan beam angle with respect to the object 204, although typically a 360� rotation is used. The output from each of the detector elements 232 can be amplified with a conventional preamplifier (not shown). The output is multiplexed and digitized by a conventional multiplexer and a conventional A/D converter (not shown). Sufficient data for reconstruction are obtained in this way. The digitized signals are stored in a cache (not shown) during acquisition. The stored digitized signals are conventionally processed in a reconstruction system (not shown) and applied to a display (not shown) for displaying a 3D image of the interior of the object 204. For further detailed teachings of system 200, readers are referred to U.S. Pat. No. 5,712,889, titled "SCANNED VOLUME CT SCANNER" and issued to Lanzara et al. on Jan. 27, 1998. In system 200, in order to acquire data for multiple slices, e.g., 40 detector signal must be sampled an equal amount, i.e., 40 times, for each angular position of the gantry. With an effective sampling speed of approximately 20 microseconds per detector, rendering a data rate of 50 thousand samples per second per detector, 50 million samples per second are collected for a system of 1,000 detectors.
Because the x-ray source position in the system of
Referring to
During operation, electrons are produced at the cathode 312 and accelerated to the target 314. Interactions between high energy electrons of the electron beam 320 and atoms of the target 314 cause deceleration of the electrons and production of x-ray photons 321. The accelerating potential (e.g., 150 kV) determines the spectrum of wavelengths (or photon energies) of the emitted x-rays 321. The cathode 312 and the target 314 (and hence the source positions 303) are positioned in an evacuated housing (not shown). The electron beam 320 can be steered by electromagnetic steering means, such as electromagnetic coils (not shown), positioned inside or outside of the housing. X-rays 321 emanate in all directions from each focal spot (source) positions 303 and exit the housing through an x-ray transparent window of the housing (not shown). This x-ray source is substantially similar to the electron gun assembly 212, steering means, target 214, and window of system 200 of
According to an aspect of the invention, in contrast to the prior art system of
An array of collimator vanes 315 can be used to somewhat limit the divergence of the x-rays in the direction of the axis of rotation, but this limitation need not be perfect. Thus, more of the x-rays produced by the source are allowed to illuminate the object, are detected, and are used to produce the volumetric CT image. Each source position illuminates more than one detector row. It may but need not illuminate the entire detector array.
The x-ray source and the detector array 302 rotate about the axis of rotation. X-ray measurements through the object 304 are made as this structure rotates one revolution. These measurements provide line integrals of the distribution of attenuation coefficients for all lines through the subject 304 that are paths through which x-ray transmission measurements were made, i.e. lines connecting the source positions to the position of detector illuminated by that source position. Since the target point from which x-rays emanated at any point in time is controlled by the operation of the x-ray source and is therefore known, the line through which unscattered photons traveled is known precisely and is not ambiguous. Subject 304 is not limited to a patient or a region of interest thereof and can be any object from which imaging data is to be obtained, e.g., anatomy of a physical structure, such as internal structure of an animal, plant, or other organism, or of any of its parts.
Note that in this system there is some divergence of the x-ray beam in the axial direction, all x-rays do not travel along a set of planes that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of rotation (i.e., transaxial planes). However, the measured data are a superset of all projections needed for an accurate 3D image reconstruction. That is, given a sufficient number of sources, detectors, and views, the measured data will contain projection measurements for lines that lie on transaxial planes (in-plane rays) and also additional line integrals along lines that cross through planes (cross-plane rays). The in-plane rays are sufficient by themselves to provide an artifact-free image of all planes. The cross-plane rays can also be efficiently used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the image without introducing cone beam artifacts. When the divergence is small, algorithms similar to those used in conventional multi-detector CT systems or variations of the so-called "Feldkamp" method could be used. When the divergence is larger or when accurate reconstructions are necessary, algorithms that properly use all the data should be used. Reconstruction algorithms that are able to do this are well known in the art, e.g., in Pelc, N.J., "A Generalized Filtered Backprojection Algorithm for Three Dimensional Reconstruction", Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, 1979. Such algorithms are also used in 3D PET, and thus are not further described herein.
The x-ray detector elements employed are preferably very fast since they must measure separate x-ray readings for each source position and each view. The faster the detector elements, the faster data can be collected for the entire volume in one revolution. To be able to image a large object with high spatial resolution, detector array 302 must be large and contain a large number of detector elements. This need for a large number of very fast detectors is avoided in the system of
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to
Although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and alternations can be made without departing from the principles and the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the following claims and their legal equivalents.
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|U.S. Classification
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|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Nov 7, 2002
Owner name: BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PELC, NORBERT J.;REEL/FRAME:013468/0807
Effective date: 20021024
|Jan 4, 2010
|Fee payment
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|Jan 3, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


text:
Townsend, MT. - $360,000 REDUCED FROM $420,000
By Buzz Tatom. Highway 12 Frontage just North of Townsend. On Silos Rd and ready to develop. Great views of Canyon Ferry Lake.
Three Forks, MT - $ 3,900,000
Sold by Stacy Bellamy. The Steingruber Ranch was homesteaded in approximately 1882. Over the years, predominately in the 1960's, land was added to arrive at the current appraised acreage of 5369 acres.
Three Forks, MT - $ 149,000
Sold by Stacy Bellamy. This is a must see property. Very affordable ± 50 acre piece with great established access from Price Road. Land is unfarmed and perfect for a new home to enjoy the great valley views.

subset: commoncrawl


text: Author's review CLASSIC MUSTANG ANALYZER v 6. 0 - Decodethe BuckTag, Door Data Plate, Paint, and Vehicle Identification Number. Provides the user with axle, body, district, engine, paint, plant, trim, and other useful restoration information.Also includes a show planner, restoration planner, window sticker maker, t-shirt / sign maker,tutorial, tips, bookmarker, informativearticles and related resources.


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The Los Alamos County Council focused on sorting fact from fiction and supposition as it pondered five possible options for the redesign of N.M. 502/Trinity Drive between Knecht and Airport Road Tuesday night.
When the dust settled, the motion to adopt option 1 passed 6-1, with councilor Vince Chiravalle voting no.
Councilor Frances Berting got to the heart of the matter by asking New Mexico Department of Transportation (NMDOT) Technical Support Engineer David Quintana what the NMDOT could and could not support.
A dog was rescued from icy water in Lakewood, Colorado Tuesday. The dog's owner told KMGH that Gladiator Maximus was chasing a coyote across ice before falling in.
JEFFERSON CITY, Mo. (AP) — A central Missouri teenager who confessed to strangling, cutting and stabbing a 9-year-old girl because she wanted to know how it felt to kill someone was sentenced Wednesday to life in prison with the possibility of parole.
Alyssa Bustamante, 18, pleaded guilty in January to second-degree murder and armed criminal action in the October 2009 slaying of Elizabeth Olten in St. Martins, a small rural town west of Jefferson City.
The judge also ordered the teen to serve a consecutive 30-year term in the armed criminal action charge.
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Republican-led House is trying Wednesday to give President Barack Obama the line-item veto, a constitutionally questionable power over the purse that has been sought by both Republican and Democratic presidents.
The legislation, expected to pass, allows the president to pick out specific items in spending bills for elimination. Currently, the president must sign or veto spending bills in their entirety.
The president's choices for removal would then have to be approved by Congress.
In a 6-1 vote, the Los Alamos County Council approved motion option 1 out of five possible options for a redesign of N.M. 502/Trinity Drive between Knecht and Airport Road.
Councilor Vincent Chiravalle voted against the motion in support of option 4, a four-lane design with a stop light at the Central/4th Street intersection, similar to a 2007 New Mexico Department of Transportation (NMDOT) proposal.
More than 30 of the 48 residents who spoke during public comment were clearly in support of the motion, which was also the option supported by the Transportation Board.
Motion option 1 in its entirety reads:
WASHINGTON (AP) — Republican Rick Santorum is looking to capitalize on a string of stunning victories that snapped his four-state losing streak and raised new questions about front-runner Mitt Romney's clout with conservatives.
Romney shrugged off his poor showing, but his losses Tuesday in Missouri, Minnesota and Colorado laid bare his stubborn weakness just when it looked as if his party was beginning to embrace him. Bringing up the rear of the Santorum surge: Newt Gingrich, the former House speaker who mostly skipped the contests and finished at or near the back of the pack in all three states.
A Harvard scientist has created a new product that allows you to breath in your daily dose of caffeine. The small canisters carry 4-6 puffs of caffeinated powder, giving you about as much caffeine as a cup of coffee.
BPU meeting
The Board of Public Utilities will meet at 5:30 p.m.
Feb. 15, at the DPU Conference Room, 170 Central Park Square.
Dinner series
The Los Alamos Cooperative Market will host the second of its seven-session Dinner and Discussion series titled, "Menu for the Future," from 6:30-7:30 p.m. today.
Council meeting
The County Council will meet at 7 p.m. today in Council Chambers.
Ashley Pond
A public meeting regarding Ashley Pond will be at 6:30 p.m Thursday in the Community Building Council Chambers.
Poetry gathering
Construction continues at the White Rock Visitor Center.
SANTA FE (AP) — A more than $5 billion state budget proposal is back on track in the House and the spending blueprint leaves nearly $42 million available for possible tax cuts advocated by Republican Gov. Susana Martinez and legislators.
The budget was unanimously approved Monday by the House Appropriations and Finance Committee and sent to the 70-member House for debate and a vote, which likely will happen later this week.
The measure allocates about $5.6 billion for public education and government programs, including courts and prisons, in the budget year starting July 1. That provides for a spending increase of nearly 4 percent, or $215 million.
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Job Description:
PURPOSE: This position is responsible to effectively contribute to quality assurance department activities and quality control policy adherence for our Extrusion. With the responsibility of testing product conformance to specification, maintaining quality equipment, train associates on use of test equipment, provide advanced testing and inspection, develop and maintain quality documentation and utilize quality tools to drive continuous improvement through production and engineering in pursuit of stable and capable extrusion processes.
• Support the development and implementation of quality assurance tools, measuring equipment, gauges, programs, training, documents and standard operating procedures for critical to quality production processes ensuring consistent manufacturability of profile extrusions.
• Responsible for the preparation and execution of quality control testing, including the review of specifications, tolerances, capabilities and preparation of necessary supporting documentation and justification.
• Responsible for executing Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) testing including material property testing, performance testing, first article inspection, dimensional capability analysis and preparation of test data for PSW submittals.
• Responsible for maintaining all quality control tools including standard operating procedures, calibration, tracking, preventive / autonomous maintenance and implementation of new quality control equipment / processes as needed.
• Responsible for coordinating, developing and maintaining measurement system programming for quality control equipment.
• Assist in the development and verification of new test standards, gauges and equipment for assessing conformance of manufactured parts to engineering specifications and to meet the changing and growing customer requirements.
• Drive corrective action through root cause identification and structured problem solving. Perform root cause analysis to find sources of variation and process problems as it relates to quality control testing, and use DMAIC tools to resolve them.
• Use Statistical Process Control to identify out-of-control conditions and provide data analysis to reduce process variation.
• Assist in corrective actions and containment activities when reactive issues arise and support operations to ensure all customer / product complaints are worked towards resolution in a timely manner.
• Interface with Product Design, Product Engineering, Tooling Design and other business partners on the design for manufacturability, process capability and testing of new product or product revisions.
• 2 or 4 year degree in Technology/Engineering or equivalent experience
• 2 + years' experience in manufacturing/quality environment.
• Knowledge of quality programs, SPC, process capability and lean manufacturing principles.
• Evidence of responsibility for verifying product conformance to specifications either in a quality role or production role.
• Able to read and interpret drawings, specifications and standards.
• Strong analytical skills and attention to detail.
• Ability to gather and analyze data through statistical techniques: perform and analyze process capability studies.
• Demonstrated ability to multitask and work in a fast pace flexible environment.
• Usage of computer software tools, such as Excel or Minitab, to analyze data to detect trends and abnormalities.
• Preferred experience with programming optical vision systems for dimensional measurement and AutoCAD experience for designing gauges.
• Desire to continue to grow and develop personally.
For more information about this position, please contact the Entegee New Hope, MN office at 763-577-9000 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
Please reference job # 57397228MG
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Entegee is an equal opportunity employer. Entegee considers applicants for all positions without discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, marital or veteran status, disability, or any other legally protected status. No question in the website is used for the purpose of limiting or excluding any applicant's consideration for employment on any basis prohibited by local, state, or federal law.
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Locate in Kent Perception Study 2017
n May 2017 Locate in Kent commissioned the independent research organisation Facts International to undertake their Perceptions Survey.
Kent's economic diversity, and close links to London and major European markets, means it can offer businesses in many sectors a competitive edge over their international competitors. Select your sector from the suggestions below or search here.
Investment in Folkestone's Creative Quarter by the De Haan foundation has nurtured a strong community of digital, marketing and arts-based businesses, stimulated by life by the coast and 55 minutes' travel time to London via High Speed One. Equally significant has been the impact of Turner Contemporary on the creative industry community in Margate and Thanet as a whole.
Maidstone Studios, with its Creative, Digital Media and Business Centre, hosts major television series and regular broadcasting of the likes of Later… with Jools Holland and Take Me Out. Making television shows since 1982, it houses five studios at a range of sizes and provides a total end-to-end solution for media production including post production, crewing and transmission. It also offers high-speed digital connectivity to London and the rest of the world, as well as a high-level data centre and IT support.
Other organisations in the county's film and content creation industry include Southside Television Productions Ltd, The Foundation, Media Transfer and Lavender Blue Media.
The Kent Film Office has generated more than £33m to the county's economy through filming activity since it was established in 2006. A number of Kent locations have been utilised, drawing in big names such as Brad Pitt, Hugh Jackman and Robert Downey Jr for films including Les Miserables, World War Z, Sherlock Holmes and The Golden Compass. Television series are increasingly being filmed in the county, including Mr Selfridge, Call the Midwife, and the hit improvisational programme True Love starring David Tennant. Kent filmmakers have even been recognised at the Oscars.
BBC and ITV news bases benefit from a journalistic and technical workforce from across the county, with a number of local radio stations also well-supported. The Centre for Journalism at the University of Kent is widely respected. Three newspaper groups operate in the county, with many Kent journalists commuting to the capital to work for national and international media services.
University for the Creative Arts is one of the UK's leading institutions for arts, media and design, whose past students include Tracy Emin, Karen Millen, Suzie Templeton and Zandra Rhodes. Canterbury Christ Church University runs film and television studies courses and the University of Kent is home to the School of Drama, Film and History of Art.
Looking for commercial property in Kent? Let us help.
n May 2017 Locate in Kent commissioned the independent research organisation Facts International to undertake their Perceptions Survey.
One of the fastest growing towns in the south east will rely on college for its skilled staff of the future
Kent's high-speed rail link to London helped to add more than £311million to the local visitor economy, a new report by Visit Kent has found.
A chartered surveyor and an engineer have been chosen to fill historic roles at one of the country's oldest charities.
Ideally located between London and the continent, the county's range of transport options, with train links across Britain and into Europe, six ports, a strong road network and easy access to a number of international airports, is perfect for business.Sea Ports Airports International Rail Stations Channel Tunnel
Locate in Kent would like to thank - Canterbury Christ Church University, Discovery Park, Frogmore, Kent County Council, Liberty Property Trust UK, London Array, Medway Council, Thanet Earth, University of Kent and Visit Kent - for the use of their images on this website.


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Delete Wonderlandads.com: Secure Browser From Wonderlandads.com
These days, a new browser infection called Wonderlandads.com is disturbing many internet users. It has been recently introduced by the cyber crooks. Several PC users are facing issues with this very threat and now looking for quick solution to get rid of it immediately.
Wonderlandads.com is one among very nasty and infectious browser hijacker which sneaks into compromised PC very silently and attaches itself with the Google Chrome, Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox like commonly used browsers. Right after getting added into PC, Wonderlandads.com changes all the necessary setting of the infected computer such as DNS configurations, browser homepage and more. The longer it stays inside your system, possibility of system corruption increases. Once you got attacked by Wonderlandads.com, be known that you won't be able to browse internet normally like earlier. Every time you will redirected to some phishing sites or the web pages you are not familiar with and will always end up having worst experience of Internet surfing.
Apart from this, Wonderlandads.com weakens system security and bypasses all the sensitive data, login credentials, crucial information etc. to third party who misuses your data and often ends up making you identity theft victim. Moreover, such type of infectious bug slower down PC performance speed and you may face unusual shut down of the computer. If you are one to have Wonderlandads.com inside your PC, then what are you waiting for, simply go through a quick removal process and get this infectious out from your system as soon as possible.
Malicious Effects Of Wonderlandads.com In The PC:
Wonderlandads.com is considered as malicious threat which can harm your PC severely. Once gets installed in the system, it will start to perform malicious activities. Some of the malignant activities performed by Wonderlandads.com are mentioned below:
Attacks Different Version of Windows: This vicious threat is capable to infect different versions of Windows PC such as Windows XP, 7, Vista, 7, 8, 8.1 as well as Windows 10.
Drops harmful codes: It brings suspicious codes or payloads and drops them in the PC. It can also modify the registry editor to execute automatically after the booting process of the system.
Redirects Search Results : It can infect all the popular web browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, IE, Opera, Safari, etc and misleads the users to the unauthorized pages of the third parties.
Deactivates PC Securities : This threat have ability to disable the working of powerful antivirus program, Windows Firewall and other securities to escape its presence for long time.
Collects Users Details : Without your consent, it will secretly steal your credential information such as bank account number, passwords, login Id, user names, credit card information etc.
Unauthorized Access : It is designed in such a way which can allow its creators to access the users PC, data, documents by exploiting the vulnerabilities.
How To Remove Wonderlandads.com Easily?
Wonderlandads.com is extremely powerful which is difficult to remove from the PC. However, there are two ways which can help you to protect your PC from its worst impacts. The possible removal methods are mentioned below:
Method 1 : Delete Wonderlandads.com With SpyHunter (Automatic Way)
Method 2 : Remove Wonderlandads.com Using Manual Steps
Method 1 : Use SpyHunter To Remove Wonderlandads.com Automatically
SpyHunter is an automatic tool which is considered as the best and easiest way to remove Wonderlandads.com completely from the system. You can use this software to remove any type of malicious threats. Due to its easy-to-use interface, even novice users will also be able to use it easily. This software performs deep scanning in the PC and remove all the malicious programs completely.
Detailed Information About SpyHunter?
SpyHunter has been designed by the technical experts using powerful algorithms and mechanisms. It provides real time protection to the system against all types of harmful threats such as spyware, malware, virus, Trojan, adware, browser hijacker etc. It comes with several advanced features which will not only remove the threat but also protect the system from further attacks. The graphical interface of the software allows the novice users to use the tool in a hassle free manner. It comes will lots of advanced features and works very fast. All you have to do is to download and install the software in your PC to detect Wonderlandads.com immediately.
User Guide To Use SpyHunter To Delete Wonderlandads.com:-
Step 1: Download the SpyHunter from the given link and install in your PC.
Step 2: To begin the scanning process, you need to click on "Scan Computer Now".
Step 3: You will see the scanning progress on the screen.
Step 4: Click on "Fix Threats Now" to remove the detected threats and malicious files.
Method 2: Uninstall Wonderlandads.com Using the Manual Steps
Important Point To Remember :
However, manual steps is good but only for the technical experts. You should know that it contains some complex steps. In order to use them, you need to be technically sound. It also consumes more time and permanent removal of the threat is not guaranteed. If you delete any important file accidentally then it can cause critical troubles for your PC. Freezing of the operating system is also possible if you will not follow the steps carefully.
Part 1: Restart the PC in Safe Mode.
- Click on Start button and choose Restart option.
- Tap F8 key continuously until Windows Advanced Option appears on the screen.
- Choose "Safe Mode With Networking" from the given list.
Part 2 :- Uninstall Wonderlandads.com From Different Web Browsers
Google Chrome
Remove Wonderlandads.com from Google Chrome:-
- Open the browser and Click on the gear icon. Now, Select Tools -> Extensions option.
- A dialog box will appear on the screen, Select Wonderlandads.com or other fake extensions and then click on the Trash icon.
Reset Chrome Browser:-
- Click on Chrome menu ( gear icon). From the drop down list, choose Settings and select Show Advanced settings option.
- Click on Reset button to get back the default settings.
Enable Phishing and Malware Protection
- Click on Chrome menu and select Settings -> Show Advanced settings.
- Under the Privacy Section, you need to Click on Enable Phishing and Malware Protection option.
Mozilla Firefox
Remove Extensions From Mozilla Firefox
- Open Firefox browser. Click on the menu icon and select Add-ons option.
- Click on Extensions tab, detect and delete all the suspicious extensions which are related to Wonderlandads.com.
Reset Mozilla Firefox
- Click on menu icon and choose Help option.
- Now, click on Troubleshooting Information and again click Refresh Firefox.
How To Block Phishing and Malicious Sites In Firefox
- Click on Menu button and choose Option menu. Now,, click on Security tab,
- Now click on the radio button which says:
- Warn me when sites try to install add-ons.
- Block reported attack sites
- Block reported web forgeries.
MS Edge
MS Edge
You should know that, MS Edge does not support extensions. Hence, in order to remove Wonderlandads.com, you need to reset the browser. Follow the steps which are given below to reset MS Edge.
Reset MS Edge
- Open the Edge browser and click on More (…) option. Now, click on the Settings and then select View Advanced Settings option.
- You need to click on <Add New> -> Add a search provider option. In the box, type your desired search engine and click on Add as Default option to reset the browser.
How To Enable SmartScreen Filter in MS Edge
- Open the Edge browser and click on (…) icon.
- Click on Settings option and choose View Advanced Settings. Now, turn on "Help protect my PC from malicious sites and downloads with SmartScreen filter" option.
Internet Explorer
Remove Wonderlandads.com from Internet Explorer
- Open IE browser. Click on Tools menu and choose Manage add-ons option from the list.
- Click on Toolbar and Extensions tab. Select all the fake extensions related to Wonderlandads.com and click on Disable option.
Reset Internet Explorer
- Open browser. Click on the Tools menu and choose "Internet option" from the list.
- Go to Advanced tab and click on Reset button.
- A confirmation box will appear on the screen, Check Delete Personal Settings and click on Reset option.
How To Enable SmartScreen Filter in Internet Explorer
- Open IE browser. Click on Safety option and select Report Unsafe Website option to protect your browser.
Part 3: Terminate the process related to Wonderlandads.com from Task Manager.
- Open Task Manager by pressing Alt + Ctrl + Del keys together.
- Click on the Processes tab.
- Select all the bogus processes related to Wonderlandads.com and click on End Process option.
Part 4: Uninstall Wonderlandads.com from the Control Panel.
- Click on Start button and select Control Panel option.
- Click on Uninstall a Program option and select Programs and Features.
- Select the suspicious programs and click on Uninstall button.
Part 5: Remove Wonderlandads.com from the Windows Registry editor
- Tap Win + R keys together to open Run command.
- Type "regedit" in the box and hit Enter key.
- Select the fake entries associated with Wonderlandads.com and remove them quickly from the system.
Tips To Protect The PC From The Future Attacks Of Wonderlandads.com
After removing Wonderlandads.com completely, you need to protect your system from the future attacks of threats. We are providing some simple tips which will help to stop the entrance of the threats in future. So, follow all the tips carefully.
- Do not download free software from unknown sites.
- Avoid opening spam email with attachment send by the unknown person.
- Don't click on suspicious links or bogus alerts.
- Scan your PC regularly at some intervals of time.
- Use powerful anti-virus program in the system.
- Enable Windows Firewall to avoid third party connections.
- Do not visit any pornographic sites.
- Scan removable media carefully before using in the system.
- Opt custom or advanced installation method to install any software.


text: Wonderful luxury retreat with incredible views. This American Ranch estate is masterfully sited in a quiet culdesac with horse privileges. Awesome RV garage with garages housing up to 8-9 vehicles. This home is the entertainers dream home. 3+ acres that includes the main house with 4 bedrooms & 4.50 baths, as well as guest house w/ 1 bedroom & 1 bath above the detached monster RV Garage. All five bedrooms are master suites. The main master suite has a private balcony/deck and stunning views of Granite Mountain. Plenty of windows for great light & private balconies that showcase the stunning views at every turn. A huge butler's pantry, heated tile flooring, & abundant storage in every room are just a few highlights in this great home. 400 amp service. Built in BBQ. Impeccable in every way!


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Ghorepani is a town in Myagdi District in the Dhaulagiri Zone of northern-central Nepal.It lies 17 km from the area capital of Beni at a stature of approximately 2874m (9429 ft). The town exists in the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) and contains different " g the night preceding a pre-first light trek to the most noteworthy purpose of near to Pun Hill (3210m/10531ft.) to watch the sunrise.The put used to be a rest stop where old merchants found water(pani in Nepali) for their horses(ghora in Nepali) in this way provoking the phrasing Ghorepani.
Ghorepani lies on a critical trail interfacing a couple of various towns and what's more the Annapurna Base Camp. From the South-East heading, it can consistently be come to by foot from the town of Birethanti in around 10 hours depending upon the trekker. Regardless, various trekkers get a kick out of the chance to overnight at one of the lower towns on their way to deal with Ghorepani. Ghorepani , covering the partition over two days inferable from the steepness of the trail, the extension in rise and the magnificence of the typical condition. From the North-West course, Ghorepani can be come to in around 8-10 hours starting from Tatopani.
Poon Hill Trek
Poon Hill Trek is one of the best objective for all the nature huge others and who loves to trek. The world observed Poon Hill lies in the Ghara VDC of Myagdi range. It is broadly known as Annapurna Sunrise trekking.It is the perfect downsized trek for starter and for the people who have brief time to experience Nepal. Fortifying through the Rhododendran timberland, Poon Hill trekking in Nepal will allow us to feel the Himalayan Panaroma and besides give the odds to gravitate toward to the area culture. Magars incredibly Pun social order are regarding the nonnatives with their smile for long time.
Ghorepani Poon hill trekking is a champion among the most charming short and basic trekking in Nepal which will take you through the exquisite ethnic town of Annapurna region. This trekking course is considered as fundamental trekking course since we don't have to encounter hardships that generally trekkers keep running over in the midst of the high height trekking. This place is rich of covered fortune of Nepalese culture and tradition. The trekking course starts outline Pokhara, a to an incredible degree great city on the west of Kathmandu. In the midst of the trek the track experiences Gurung and Magar's bewildering town where you can examine thick rhododendron, Oak timberland stacked with feathered animals, significant scene valleys and green slopes, astounding mountain conduit stream, musk deer and great nation butterflies. The take a gander at Annapurna, Mt. Fishtail and Dhaulagiri is shocking. It adds brilliance to the nature. In the midst of the trekking you will mesmerizes by the warm neighborliness of adjacent people.
The best bit of this trek is that it is a bit of the Annapurna Circuit trek and along these lines will have the ability to see a couple of snow-topped apexes of three unmistakable mountain ranges, including the most dazzling Mount Fishtail (a.k.a Machhapuchhre in Nepali). Dependent upon your own particular slants, it can in like manner be modified, whereupon the genuine cost may move imperceptibly.


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Discussion BoardsOpen MenuDiscussion Boards Open Menu
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In cooperation with various government regulatory agencies, HP has announced an expansion of its June 2016 worldwide voluntary safety recall and replacement program for certain notebook batteries. Additional batteries are affected.
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Recovery Hp Slate 7 Extreme[ Edited ]
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03-08-2017 06:24 PM - edited 03-10-2017 10:38 AM
My Hp Slate 7 Extreme tablet has an issue with the WiFi connection, it shows "turning on wifi" and it stays that way, it also happens when I try to turn on the Bluetooth but in this case after a while the switch goes back to off position and pops up the message "Bluetooth share service has stopped". I've tried a lot of possible solutions and I got it work once by deleting the file wpa_supplicant.conf from data/misc/wifi/ but then I've tried to connect to another network and the same; so I did the deleting file again but nothing this time.
I'd like to know if someone knows about this problem and could help me? otherwise does anyone knows when will be available the update.zip file for the Slate 7 Extreme Tablet?, or maybe someone who has a copy of this file and can share it?
Tanks a lot!


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The Manor Farm
He sells stallions for a quarter million a mane. Wears a cowboy hat, collects Mercedes-Benzes. He had little experience caring for the mentally retarded. He did have experience making profits on the poor. In the '80s, he had a Department of Human Services contract to house the homeless in grim Southeast Washington apartments for which he charged the city $3,000 a month apiece -- until a city auditor objected.
As Forest Haven was closing, Washington applied for and received generous federal Medicaid funding to set up homes for retarded people with medical needs. But Medicaid officials started disputing the quality of his services and billing practices. So Washington turned to the D.C. Department of Human Services, which decided he was qualified to care for a dozen of Forest Haven's healthier cases, including mildly retarded Elroy.
The Washingtons' group homes claimed to provide special care for some of the many ex-Forest Haveners who had emotional or behavioral troubles. But before long, records show, city health inspectors were expressing dissatisfaction with what they saw of that care: poor physical conditions the Washingtons were slow to correct and required treatments the residents weren't getting. So, in early 1996, city health inspectors urged that Elroy's home and another one Washington and his wife run be closed because of care so inadequate that its residents were judged to be in danger.
Over the following two years, a federal court monitor urgently petitioned city agencies to protect the residents. But it wasn't until late 1998, 2 1/2 years after health inspectors requested the closure, that city enforcement lawyers met with a representative of the Washingtons' company to discuss problems at the homes. The District's lawyers subsequently declared past concerns allayed -- just days before health inspectors, prompted by The Post's inquiries, returned to the homes and found and reported a level of neglect and squalor they termed "life-threatening."
In interviews, Rollie Washington declined to review documents calling his homes "deplorable" and said the city hadn't complained to him about problems in them. While he refused to discuss the specifics of his contracts, he said he provides services that meet or exceed city requirements. "If I wasn't doing what I should be doing," he said, "why would they have done business with me all these years?"
The Department of Human Services acknowledged that "it is conceivable" that it gave the Washingtons contracts while "failing to scrutinize or question the absence of other documentation," such as licenses to do business in the city. But the department did more for the Washingtons than pay their company at least $4 million during the six years it wasn't licensed. Year after year, the department has also decided that the best "therapeutic vocational training" for several of the city's dependents is mucking out the stables and mowing the lawns at the Washingtons' "manor farm," where the couple breeds thoroughbreds to sell or race at a Bowie track. With the department's permission, these retarded farm workers last year earned, for five-hour days, five days a week, $5 or less a day.
City records show that last year, the Washingtons received an additional $180,000 in public money for providing this "day program."
"I believe in reality therapy," said Washington, who notes that he recently confiscated one of his ward's shoes to keep him from running away. "If you do something wrong, you are going to have to be dealt with."
Reality: a bone-chill morning at the Washingtons' estate. At the manor house, up past the paddocks, Rollie Washington is talking with his lawyer. Down another road, Elroy's housemate DeWitt Stith labors beside a deaf-mute man who lives in another group home run by the Washingtons. They are cleaning stables in unsupervised silence. Startled by visitors, the deaf man brandishes his shovel. But gray-haired Stith sprints over, shedding his dung-smeared gloves. Stith, 52, has been laboring at this farm since 1991, despite his thick-tongued objections: "Work too hard." "Mr. Washington play too rough."
City officials say that Stith needs to be isolated at the farm because he behaves inappropriately in social settings and that he is receiving socialization therapy while training for free-market work as a stable hand. But therapists aren't in evidence. And the career ladder is equally hard to perceive: Stith has "apprenticed" at shoveling and other menial tasks five days a week for seven years. In those seven years, city officials have noted frequently in case files their plans to find Stith better day program options. They declined to produce for The Post any documents showing that such options have been pursued. Department of Human Services officials acknowledge that, because of budget and staff cuts, they have not monitored the farm program, or many other day programs for the retarded, for four years.
In minutes, Rollie Washington will speed to the stables and order Stith back to his low-paid labor. But for now, Stith believes that the visitors have come to liberate him from the farm -- free him to go, instead, to a sheltered workshop he's heard about. Elroy, he hopes, will work there, too. Together, they'll learn to make furniture. At the idea of this imaginary rescue, a toothless smile breaks over Stith's face.
"Today," he says happily, inaccurately -- "today is my last day on the farm!"
Elroy's Despair
"You drop a fish into the tank who suddenly eats all your other fish up. That's pretty much how it was." The residential director of Elroy's group home, Tom Roberson, is describing life in the house for most of last year. The piranha: a heavyset Forest Haven graduate who, after being sexually abused as a youth, developed a history of sexually predatory behavior.
In 1997, D.C. Medicaid officials decided he wasn't sick enough to rate the expensive treatment he had theoretically been getting at a home operated by a nonprofit company. So the Department of Human Services sent the man to the Southeast home, where monitors and inspectors regularly decried a lack of services and therapy.
Before long, in the bathtub, in the basement, in bedrooms across the house, the man regressed to compulsive sexual behavior, according to city records and interviews with residents, staff and Rollie Washington. "He'd even come after people when they went to use the bathroom," Washington says. "The whole house went crazy."
Elroy, besieged by constant demands to participate in what the new housemate called "digging," couldn't even escape during the day. The predator, as city documents call him, worked beside him in a job-training program at a nursing facility. Elroy grew suicidal, telling staff and relatives that he was going to get AIDS and burn in hell. In 1995, while in the group home's care, he had been run over by a car on Minnesota Avenue, breaking an arm and a leg. Now, announcing his desire to die, he flung himself into the middle of the street on purpose.
He put a fist through a windowpane. He smashed his own glasses, without which -- given blindness in one eye and glaucoma in the other -- he was virtually helpless. Worried about his self-destructive behavior, his day program suspended him from its apprentice cleaning crew, a job that the meticulous Elroy had loved. He spent the next six months, while the city looked with little apparent urgency for a new day program, riding around the District in a van that delivered his housemates to their day programs. Then he went home to sitcoms and some strange televised proceedings regarding Bill Clinton and "Monica Melinsky."
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It is really not always easy, but prior to picking your flat roofer, you should attempt to examine if they have an impressive track record. There's nothing much more telling and showing than true testimonials. These home owner testimonials can provide you with detailed guidance on just how the cheap flat roof system St Louis MO really work for their home owners. To discover these consumer reviews, you can visit a lot of unique review internet resources like Yelp and Angie's List. Also you can search the Google Plus Reviews likewise, to see if the cheap flat roof system St Louis MO that you will be thinking of selecting will be worth the amount of money hard earned cash you will be spending. It's extremely essential that you have the appropriate understanding in front of you, if you want to suitably review your prospective flat roofing organizations. Choose to do well by picking thecorrect cheap flat roof system, and never undervalue those cherished testimonials!
Our many years of past experience within the flat roofing business is what's equipped us to grow to be the tried and tested cheap flat roof system St Louis MO. Our reputation of content patrons speaks for itself. When dealing with home owner satisfaction, we really are the greatest. We never overcharge for our products, and give professional knowledge to every last home owner. As time passes, a great many have sought after us, at all hours throughout the day, to aid with their flat roofing problems. Being the known cheap flat roof system St Louis MO is certainly not something we take for granted. With every home owner, however big or small the trouble might well be, we are always all set to go that extra step further for you. Whenever we get started in working hard for you, there is without doubt that ProCraft Exteriors doesn't just help you along, but we intend to also educate you, to help you stay away from possible difficulties.
Our number one goal is to save you as much money as we can without compromising the level of service we provide. All of our services are priced as affordable flat-rates, so you do not need to fret about paying us by the hour. The flat roofing competence we can supply to your scenario will surely put you at ease. Leave the grunt work to us, and let ProCraft Exteriors be the flat roofers that actively pleases you!
Throughout the years, the flat roofing industry has progressed from an extremely primitive state, to an incredibly high quality niche of work. Flat Roofers have stepped up to the task and have really benefited mankind with top quality flat roofing concepts and developments. We can all breathe a lot better understanding there are properly qualified experts available who have actually acquired the knowledge to assist in the forward development. This knowledge is shown masterfully by ProCraft Exteriors, which affirms to our ability to adjust to the ever altering flat roofing field. We aren't stuck in the past utilizing out-of-date techniques and procedures, but instead, we're devoted to be totally educated in every element of the flat roofing field in today's modern world.
Every one of our flat roofers are authorized and sufficiently qualified to take on everything you might require. No matter if your need is small, huge, or anything in between, you can surely rely upon us to be the properly trained and experienced cheap flat roof system St Louis MO. Don't risk time and money to a flat roofing business that is stuck in the old ways of accomplishing things.
With lots of alternatives, products, and brand-new technologies now offered in the flat roofing marketplace, it is in some cases challenging to know which option won't only help you best, but will likewise last the test of time. This is exactly why our flat roofers take our company view of providing home owners "brand-new technology and developments with the same old fashioned service" very seriously, as we don't just possess the knowledge required to secure your investment, but will furthermore extensively discuss why a specific solution would best suit your needs. We feel that that the transparency in how we perform our business, and our high level of devotion to our home owner's satisfaction is exactly what sets us apart. We're not satisfied till you're satisfied with the result. We are flat roofers who stand behind our work and will always put you first.
To find great quality, reputable flat roofing services, there are several things you can check upfront in order to decrease the likelihood of picking somebody that really makes your complications even worse. So what is it that the high quality flat roofers do? The Flat Roofing is a highly skilled profession that's constantly in great demand, because of the reality that every individual and business at some time or another will certainly need flat roofing services. The most important role of a flat roofer is to offer you, with service that is of high professional quality, something that lacks in tons of other flat roofing businesses. They also offer a range of other supports that are way too many to name here. While your friend from work may know a person, that knows some other person who possesses some level of experience, for any severe flat roofing situation, this is a major NO-NO, and must be entirely avoided.
Your cheap flat roof system St Louis MO has got to have a tested track record with shining reviews. Working with an unlicensed individual to assist you is a significant gamble that is just not worth taking. The second worst thing you could do is open the Telephone directory and choose the first company offering the services you're searching for. This also entails selecting the flat roofing business that provides the most affordable costs without having done any research beforehand. Remember, going too cheap in the start will at some point cost you in the end. Picking a professional to be your flat roofing service is extremely essential.
Looking for the flat roofing specialists who have the right qualifying criteria is sensible and does have some value, nevertheless, the most vital quality that makes reliable flat roofers is a lot of in-field experience. This is often normally acquired through internships and apprenticeships and has got to be something you fully examine well before making your final choice. You will certainly discover that the premier flat roofers have qualifications in addition to many years of practical experience. Please don't be hesitant to contact us and inquire about the experience of the flat roofer in question before you call them out. The more years on the job is obviously better. Selecting a certified cheap flat roof system St Louis MO with large amounts of experience is likely to scale down the danger and set you in secure hands.
Much like any line of business, you need to expect your selected flat roofer to be prompt, well-mannered and personable right from the very beginning. Anything less than that, you seriously should give some thought to turning them away and preparing a complaint or publishing a negative testimonial online about them. If their personal demeanor is unprofessional, then it is most likely that their work will certainly be lacking as well. everything and will certainly tell you a good amount about the quality of work they are going to provide. It is essential to expect the right things from your flat roofers
Quite often, but not always, (they're rare exceptions), the one quoting the smallest prices won't be be the cheap flat roof system St Louis MO who'll be able to finish the task at a standard that can make it through an essential test. That test is the test of time. Many will like you to believe that you are conserving big money by working with them, however the aggravating reality is that you will be looking for assistance from some other cheap flat roof system St Louis MO not too long after. This might be due to the flat roofer doing the minimum amount to give the appearance of a job well done, comprehending completely that they did not do it right to begin with. The lowest priced establishments might possibly hurry to get the job done and have employed a significantly less skillful staff. Skepticism should really be raised when the cost of the cheap flat roof system is way too good to be real.
In the event searching for your new cheap flat roof system St Louis MO, contact family for recommendations. They will have previously had someone in for comparable work, and they can tell you who you can depend on, as well as who you should avoid. In case your family and friends hadn't previously used anyone, check with co-workers as well as other people you rely on around your community for some referrals. Anybody might sound as if they understand what they are doing, however, you can't simply take their word for it. You'll want to be able to speak to recent consumers to get an idea of exactly what to expect out of this company.
Any time a flat roofing business supplies a number of individual references, make certain to use it. Contact the folks on the list, and ask about the standard of the work, how carefully the flat roofer came to their initial quote, and whether the work was finished with regards to the assured timeline. Prior to picking your cheap flat roof system St Louis MO, you really should know the things you require. It will probably be hard for for the flat roofer to supply a price appraisal on the phone if they've not identified your flat roofing need themselves. It's even trickier if you cannot put in plain words what your exact need is. Lining up a visit or meeting to chat about the concerns is the most helpful approach, and will make sure all parties have the same information. For anyone searching for the ideal cheap flat roof system, it all starts with proper communication between you and the service provider.


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Original Paper
Extraction of IgE-Binding Components of Helicobacter pylori by Immunoblotting Analysis in Chronic Urticaria PatientsLiutu M.a · Kalimo K.a · Uksila J.b · Savolainen J.c
Departments of aDermatology, bMedical Microbiology and cClinical Allergology, University of Turku, Finland
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Article / Publication Details
Published online: December 14, 2001
Issue release date: November 2001
Number of Print Pages: 5
Number of Figures: 4
Number of Tables: 0
ISSN: 1018-2438 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-0097 (Online)
For additional information: http://www.karger.com/IAA
Background: An association between Helicobacter pylori and chronic urticaria has been suspected previously. An IgE-mediated pathway might be a possible link between H. pylori infection and chronic urticaria, and therefore we wanted to prepare an optimal H. pylori antigen to detect H. pylori-specific IgE antibodies in chronic urticaria patients. Methods:H. pylori antigen extracts were prepared in different ways to find the optimal antigen extract to be used in the assays. Immunoblotting was used to detect IgE-binding bands. The results were applied in an H. pylori RAST assay for specific H. pylori IgE antibodies in patient sera. Results: In immunoblotting, the largest number of IgE-stained bands were visualized in the washing fluids and sonicated extracts, while strong heating and denaturing treatments destroyed the epitopes for IgE binding, suggesting that they belonged to the flagellar structures of H. pylori. However, in H. pylori-specific RAST analysis, specific IgE was found only in 1 of 25 H. pylori-infected patients. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that although IgE-binding epitopes were found in H. pylori, H. pylori-specific IgE antibodies are not common in chronic urticaria, and the clinical significance of the IgE response is unclear.
© 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel
Article / Publication Details
Published online: December 14, 2001
Issue release date: November 2001
Number of Print Pages: 5
Number of Figures: 4
Number of Tables: 0
ISSN: 1018-2438 (Print)
eISSN: 1423-0097 (Online)
For additional information: http://www.karger.com/IAA
Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.


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The CMEF website now gives you the option to make donations online through a fast, secure payment gateway. Click on an option below to buy out your yearly volunteer hours or to complete a one-time or monthly donation to Compass Montessori! Every donation, large or small, helps to support the Compass Community and our educational programs.
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Have Medical Questions? Ask a Doctor Online!
This is Dr. David
she needs a urine tox screen test if she has a history of methadone or drug use or dependence
drug abuse can cause weight loss like this.
the GI doctors need to test her for celiac spruce gluten allergy and lactose allergy.
she needs to see a nutritionist and get her calories counted to see how many calories she is taking in daily.
have these tests been done yet?


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I have heard speculation, rumor, and plain BS on this issue. Scotts/Ohlins wont respond to my questions and I'm getting pissed. I know there is an "R" model for the street bikes but what off road bikes are interchangeable? I have the BRP sub mount on my 650R and all I need now is the stabilizer.. I have had many opportunities to get a few second hand from different bikes real $cheap$ but cant get a confirmed answer if they will work.
Anyone know whats up?


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It's time for Europe's largest fintech event! Money 20/20, which welcomed more than 3,500 attendees from 1,500 companies and 70 countries in its first year, will bring together European fintech's most influential stakeholders and most innovative businesses for three days.
With more than 70 sessions across five tracks, it may prove difficult to choose where to spend your time at the conference this year in between catching up with colleagues, and of course, taking in the sights of Copenhagen. But we've done the hard work for you, hand picking the five talks you simply can't afford to miss, from APIs via cyber security to social commerce. We look forward to seeing you at the event!
Monday 26th June – Adventures in AI: Use cases in financial services (11.00 – 11.55, Track 4)
According to PwC, some financial institutions have been investing in AI for years, while others are beginning to catch up due to advances in bid data, open-source software, cloud computing, and faster processing speeds. But what potential does this exciting technology hold for the sector?
In one of the first sessions of the conference, speakers including David Sosna, co-founder and CEO of Personetics, a firm that uses AI to offer customers personalised insights and advice about their finances, and Jason Mars, chief executive of Clinc, a developer of wealth management solutions powered by AI, will discuss the use cases of AI in financial services.
Tuesday 27th June- The growth of in-app payments & social commerce (10.00 – 10.50, Track 1)
Social payments take the inconvenience out of settling a bill with colleagues, or sending money to friends overseas. With the launch of Circle in Europe last year, adoption is set to accelerate in the region.
In this session, moderated by Reetika Grewal of Silicon Valley Bank, Arlette Broex, managing director of MyOrder, an app that allows users to pay for goods and services with their smartphone at more than 14,500 locations in the Netherlands, Ryan Stanley, founder of Bloombees, a platform that lets people sell their products through their social media channels, and Cooper Harris, founder and chief executive of Klickly, a California-based start-up that embeds the checkout into online ads, will discuss the fortunes of in-app payments and social commerce in a world obsessed with convenience.
Wednesday 28th June – Cybersecurity: Evolving threats to the global financial stage (15.50 – 16.40, Track 2)
Many of the financial technologies of the future will rely on data sharing, which inevitably brings up the issue of security. With stories of high-profile breaches still fresh in the memory, there's never been a better time to have a conversation about cybersecurity. In this session, chief innovation officer of IRC Advisory Kirsten Trusko will moderate a discussion among security experts including EUROPOL's head of European Cybercrime Centre Steven Wilson, chief executive of Cyber Defense Alliance Maria Vello, and managing director of UBS Switzerland Andreas Kubli.
Be sure to pick up Payments Revolution magazine at Money 20/20 Europe.
Related reading
What happened this week in payments
GoCardless raises £22m, Google unveils a new payments app and a UK supermarket has integrated fingerprint payments.
Why credit card fraud should be a wake-up call for retailers: Interview with Lisa Shipley, Executive Vice President, Transaction Network Services
Lisa Shipley, Executive Vice President and Managing Director of TNS' Payment Network Solutions business discusses the importance of retail fraud and her role overseeing TNS' global team across the Americas, Europe and Asia Pacific regions.
The future of affordability
The drive for greater financial inclusion and improvement in user experience surrounding credit facilities, coupled with the ever-changing regulatory landscape, is spearheading evolution in the assessment of consumer lending affordability.
The next generation of contactless payments
More than £60 billion has been spent using contactless cards, and the usage is projected to rise by a further 317% by 2021.


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Registration is now open to the next Nordic Plan training course. The course will be held at KS Agenda in Oslo, Norway.
General information
Registration deadline is 29 September or upon reaching the maximum number of course participants; whichever comes first.
Cefor - The Nordic Association of Marine InsurersP.O Box 2550 Solli, NO-0202 OSLO, Norway (+47) 23 08 65 50 email@example.com


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« All Events
June 2017 start (28th June – 2nd August), every Wednesday evening 6.30-9pm at Redland Parish Church Hall, BS6 7HE. (Recommended for August/September due dates)
We are running a promotional price of £325 per couple if booked before the end of April!
To book, please email email@example.com or go to www.bumptocradle.com.


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The frayed edges of our agglomerations are often formed by industrial areas or business parks. Functions which, because of the noise pollution they cause or their mere size,are difficult to fit into the urban fabric. Therefore they have been raked together neatly in these places. When we are unfortunately enough to drive (they are by definition very pedestrian unfriendly)through these areas they cause us a slightly uncomfortable feeling. The buildings generally consist of a large shed, built of corrugated iron, sometimes with a relatively, disproportionately small office building in front of it.
Now what is it that causes our discomfort? Continue reading