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The sun. How we love it, chase it, worship and bask in it, in spite of skin cancer warnings. Why does it make us feel so good that we bake on the beach at the first sign of summer?
In addition to sunlight's soothing warmth, we need it to create vitamin D.
Described as a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin D is in a class of its own. It is a pro-hormone, i.e. a substance the body converts into hormones. It is made when UVB rays from the sun react with cholesterol in our bare skin. Animals also make it in their wool, fur and feathers. This natural form is called vitamin D3. (In this article, vitamin D and vitamin D3 refer to the same thing.)
The body turns vitamin D3 into hormones essential for bone formation, bone strength and general health. If you get more than enough vitamin D3 to complete these tasks, the overflow creates a substance that helps to prevent disease and encourages your genes to work in a healthy way.
Current research sees vitamin D deficiency in the cause and progression of many illnesses, including depression (and Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, which can hit people in the darkness of winter), influenza, cancer, heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, autoimmune diseases (e.g. MS), diabetes, chronic pain, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, muscle weakness, muscle wasting, birth defects and periodontal disease. Researchers have found that people who live in sunny lands suffer less from chronic diseases.
In the modern world, vitamin D deficiency has become so bad that rickets – a sign of severe lack worthy of a Victorian workhouse – is making a comeback. Why?
In centuries past, humans worked in the fields and valued D-rich foods, such as organ meats, wild fatty fish and egg yolks. Since the Industrial Revolution, we have been moving steadily indoors. Clothes, glass windows, tall shady buildings, smog, fog and cloud cover all block the sun's UVB spectrum, which is vital for making vitamin D. As a result, we make less D3 in our skin and our move away from D-rich foods has lessened our supplementary source.
Sunscreen and sun avoidance are also culprits. Over the past 25 years, increased skin cancer fears have caused governments to adopt strong anti-sun policies. To some degree these make sense, especially in hot countries like Australia that are home to citizens of fair-skinned origin. But sunscreen and sun avoidance also mean less vitamin D.
Until recently, sunscreens blocked the UVB rays that make vitamin D because (a) they burn the skin if people sunbathe recklessly and (b) they were thought to be the main culprit in the formation of skin cancer. However, recent research has shown that the UVA spectrum – formerly thought to tan and age the skin but not to cause skin cancer – can trigger cancer and UVB rays – while you still need to be careful with them – indirectly help to protect you by creating vitamin D, which plays a cancer-preventing role. An unintentional but unfortunate result of blocking UVB has been to reduce the amount of vitamin D people make in their skin.
The further you live from the equator, the harder it is to create your own vitamin D. As latitudes rise, UVB rays weaken; the angle of the sun worsens for making vitamin D and cloud cover stops the rays getting through. Add to the pot a sunshine policy based too heavily on the Aussie model (cover up, avoid the sun, wear lots of high SPF sunscreen, etc., while forgetting that there's lots of sun down under and not so much up here!) and you begin to see how we might suffer from a lack of vitamin D.
Ideally, we should stock up on lots of nice, fat-soluble vitamin D in summer to see us through the winter but in northern Europe, it is hard to get enough vitamin D from sunshine and diet. With the shadow of rickets returning, our winter levels are revealing a potentially dangerous deficiency.
So, what can we do about it?
One way of countering deficiency is to take supplements. First, though, it's important to get your vitamin D levels tested to determine your current status. Clinical nutritionist and vitamin D researcher Krispin Sullivan says that as a pro-hormone, too much supplementary vitamin D has the potential to harm. She advocates testing, treating (if necessary) and re-testing until you find the right amount to meet your personal daily needs (everyone is different). There are several vitamin D tests on the market but the one you need is vitamin D (D3 (25-OH)). You can order it from your GP. You might want to ask your GP or a qualified nutritionist about testing for other vitamin, mineral and nutrient levels too, as they all work together in the body. If one is out of balance (too much or too little) it can knock the others out of whack.
NB: It is very important to consult with your doctor before taking food supplements, especially if you are on medication. Natural remedies and food supplements can clash with certain medicines.
Supplements need to be chosen carefully, with quality in mind. Once you know how much you need, visit a good health food shop and ask for advice. Vitamin D supplements range from cod liver oil-based supplements to vegan. Some of the best are vegetarian supplements made from the lanolin on sheep's wool. (Animals and birds make D3 in their fleece, fur or feathers, since sunlight cannot reach their skin. They then eat their own D3 by grooming their coats or rubbing their beaks on their plumage!)
If you are vegan, you might need to search for a vegan D3 supplement. Most vegan vitamin D supplements are vitamin D2. The Vitamin D Council argues that D3 is more suitable for humans than D2, as we make D3 in our skin.
Ultimately, it is the whole package of fresh food, exercise, sunlight and emotional balance that gives us the energy to care for ourselves and our loved ones. Addressing our nutritional needs is a good place to start.
Airline safety messages tell us to put on our own oxygen masks first and only then to help our kids, for we are no use to them unconscious. Likewise, we can only care for others when our own needs are met; otherwise, we are trying to offer them water from an empty well ( written by Rhoda).


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Last fall, Android fans were buzzing like never before as Samsung launched the Galaxy Note 7, which at the time was by far the most impressive Android smartphone they had ever seen. The Note 7 flew off of store shelves following its release, and sales continued to soar until, well, you know the story. Now, contrary to the expectations of a number of high-profile industry watchers, it appears as though no one cares at all about Samsung's explosive Galaxy Note 7. Instead, they're all focused on the new Galaxy S8 and Galaxy S8+, which officially go on sale today.
We can't ever recall a time that there was this much buzz surrounding the release of a new Samsung phone, including back in the days of Samsung's multi-billion dollar campaign that focused on attacking iPhone users and depicting Galaxy phones as the cool new alternative. At this point, it looks like the only thing that can prevent Samsung's new Galaxy S8 from being a smash hit is if the phone starts spontaneously exploding. Again.
Trending right now:

subset: commoncrawl


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DURBAN: Former cabinet minister Jay Naidoo provides a roadmap for the future in his book Change: organising tomorrow, today.
The book, launching today at AM Moola Spes Nova in Phoenix, could prove a useful guide for those tired of waiting for the government to get things done.
The synopsis warns: "Unless there is significant change, the world is heading towards an explosion. The growing gap between the rich and poor is dangerous and unsustainable."
Says Naidoo: "We need to retrace our steps and build the spirit of ubuntu. I appeal for a return to the values that made us a political miracle in 1994."
Change was inspired by his work fighting hunger and malnutrition. In the past decade, he has worked in countries where communities pleaded with leaders to address basic human rights, but ultimately had to resolve the problems themselves.
Naidoo said the book reflected his journey and the brave people he met on the way.
Naidoo's accolades include the Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur (Legion of Honour), an honorary doctorate in Engineering and the Built Environment from Durban University of Technology.
He says Steve Biko was among those who inspired him.
"I can still remember his words: 'You have nothing to lose but your chains. The mind of the oppressed is the main weapon in the hands of the oppressor.'
"They gave me a political direction and I channelled my anger into a political cause, fighting for social justice and freedom."
Naidoo believes South Africans are now angry with selfish political and corporate elites. He hopes Change, which has been four years in the making, will spark public debate about issues that have been swept under the carpet since the dawn of democracy.
The book has been four years in the making and reflects a trek up Mount Kilamanjaro, the legacies of Nelson Mandela, and the life lessons of migrant workers from failing countries.


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This road trip from Chicago to Las Vegas has some stops in beautiful National Parks like Yellowstone, Grand Teton, and Zion. But, you will also visit some lesser known places. It is a good mix of magnificent nature, wildlife, and city life. Road trip planning First of all, although I say we started in Chicago,..
Tag: Las Vegas
Las Vegas is known as THE city to gamble but it is also a city where you can do a lot more other things. Everything you dream of, you can do here. We already visited Las Vegas three times and did a number of things outside of the casino's, well sort of. Because in the casino's..


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207 - 3205 Mountain Highway, North Vancouver MLS®: R2204243
Suite 207 in Mill House is set far back from Mountain Hwy offering quiet enjoyment in connected and convenient Lynn Valley. Newly built by Marcon, you get contemporary bright interiors w/ 9' ceilings. 2 bedrooms are separated by the living & dining area, each with its own ensuite bathroom. Oak laminate flooring, premium kitchens with over sized pantries and Fisher Paykel appliances are some of the design touches you will appreciate. Relax in comfort knowing that the 2, 5, 10 insured warranty is there for you. GST has been paid. Close to Lynn Valley Elementary, day care, Shopping, parks and trails. A bicycle storage area, large storage lockers, a dog wash area and electrical charge stations for cars are great extra's in Mill House. Open House Sat Sept 16 from 12:00 to 3:00.
Taxes (2017): $2,868.82
- Bike Room
- Elevator
- In Suite Laundry
- Storage
- Wheelchair Access
- Clothes Washer
- Dryer
- Dishwasher
- Drapes
- Window Coverings
- Microwave
- Refrigerator
- Stove
Site Influences
- Central Location
- Golf Course Nearby
- Private Setting
- Recreation Nearby
- Shopping Nearby
- Ski Hill Nearby
Similar Listings
Listed By: Dexter Associates Realty
Disclaimer: Listing data is based in whole or in part on data generated by the Real Estate Board of Greater Vancouver and Fraser Valley Real Estate Board which assumes no responsibility for its accuracy.


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PTSD Case Study. No description. ~ father had substance abuse issues. *Address any questions or concerns the patient has Goal #2:. Case study #1: the depressed teen. to develop a substance-abuse history of the extended family, since relatives with abuse issues increase the risk of addiction. A. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy 2011 6:8 induce people with substance abuse problems to give up their abuse Case study questions. Treatment Planning. Three Case Studies. SMA09-4438. Format: Case Study Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Substance Abuse - Questions/Cases (B8) Go to questions Go to cases. Go to substance abuse. Go to substance abuse. Substance abuse counseling case studies can. guidelines and questions to be answered. Active Substance Abuser. a Case Study for a Substance Abuse.
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Check out the concerts in your area and never miss a show.
Saturday, December 16th, 2017
3 RSVPs
Following the sold-out success of "The Songs of The Rat Pack" at Neptune Theatre in March, Geordie Brown returns to the music of Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, and Sammy Davis Jr., this December, in this Christmas-themed musical spectacular, with special guest Heather Rankin. Brown is currently wrapping up his final week of performances in his production of "Stan Rogers: A Matter of Heart" at Neptune Theatre in Halifax, ending a successful 7-week run. Rankin, who is fresh off the success of her Juno-nominated solo album "A Fine Line", will be joining Brown on stage for a few special songs and surprises. The show will have two performances (2:00pm & 7:00pm) on December 16th, 2017 at the Spatz Theatre in Halifax, and will also feature Jennifer Cleveland, Lisa MacDougall, and The Rat Pack Show Band.


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Contact us 24/7: +1 877 678 9627
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- - UK sizing.
- - This style runs true to size.
- - Relaxed fit.
- - Model's height is 177cm / 5'10" and wears a UK size 8.
Matthew Williamson's gold-buttoned fuchsia silk cardigan with lime-green interior trim is a vibrant new-season knit. Wear this long-length coverup with bright whites for a vivid warm-weather look. Shown here with Christian Louboutin shoes, LemLem scarf, Michael Kors bag, MiH jeans, Philippe Audibert bracelet and a T by Alexander Wang top.
- Fuchsia silk fine-knit long-length cardigan with gold buttons. Matthew Williamson cardigan has a contrast trim, lime-green interior trim, two front patch pockets with lime-green interior trim, banded cuffs and hem, eyelets and small button-fastenings through front. 100% silk. Dry clean.
Product Code: 77618
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Class Name: Kennewick, WA - Force Encounters Analysis
Class Date: Feb 20-22, 2018
Class Address: Kennewick Police Department, 211 West 6th Avenue, Kennewick, WA, United States | View Google Map
POST ID#: HLS Catalog # CA-058-RESP Approved for HLS grant funds use.
Additional Information:
Course Hours: 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Course Supplies: Please bring a laptop if you have access to one. Students will be paired/grouped to view videos and case study materials.
Lodging Suggestions: Hilton Garden Inn, 701 N. Young St., 509-735-4600. 4 miles. Gov. Rates and Near Mall & Shopping District
Best Western Inn, 4001 W. 27th Ave., 509-586-1332, 7 miles. Gov. Rates and Free Hot Breakfast/ On Hwy 395
Red Lion Hotel Columbia Center, 1101 N. Columbia Center Blvd, 509-738-0661, 7 miles. Gov. Rates/near Mall & Shopping District
Payment Option 1: Pay by Check
Please mail checks to:
California Training Institute
1831 Quail Court
St. Helena, CA 94574
Payment Option 2: Pay With Visa/MC or PayPal
For Visa/MC payments, fill out the form below and click 'submit.' You will be routed to a Paypal checkout page where you can use your credit card (or Paypal if you prefer). Our credit card processing is handled by Paypal but you do not need a Paypal account to use this service. If your agency does not allow your government card to be processed through Paypal, you can call our office at 707-968-5109 and we will gladly process your card through an alternate service. Please note that a 3% credit card service charge will apply for all credit card transactions.


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Tel: 01904 430850 |
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A simple and tasty dish from Hyderabad, Rafi's birthplace.
This is a variation of a family favourite. Great poured generously over rice or served as a side dish.
Another incredibly simple and light side dish. Try it as a complement to any of our curries.
This curry is light and tangy, perfect flavours for the asparagus.
These make a great starter or side for any curry and are also great with dhal.
This is a very traditional accompaniment to the Dhansak, as part of the usual Sunday feast in Parsi communities.
The most refreshing drink to accompany any Indian meal, and it's extremely easy to make.
This is a recipe I developed in the summer months to add a refreshing crunch to your meal.
Both Muslim and Hindu communities prepare variations of this sweet dish, which is traditionally served at mosques and…
Get perfect plain boiled rice with this simple recipe.
Chapattis are prepared daily in most Indian homes. They are best eaten as soon as they are cooked although they can be…
Chai tea is famous all over India. It's very refreshing and a great way to cool down.
A very popular dish favoured by Muslims. Taken from Rafi's Indian vegetarian cookbook.
This dry curry is delicious as a side dish, but it also makes an excellent sandwich filling.
Duck is a very popular ingredient in the East and Far East.
This is a very common recipe. You can also try it with tindla (gentlemen's toes) or aubergine.
Fish curries are perfect in the summer, as they're light and quick to make.
Copyright © 2017 Rafi's Spicebox
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About Us
Children's Pastor
Jennifer Reynolds comes to us from previously working 13 years in Taiwan. During her 13 years working in Taiwan, Jen led Bible studies with Uni students, led bilingual women's groups, taught classes to young people in Christian character, participated leading a sports/english camp for High School students, and worked in the newly planted Churches with all ages.
Jennifer is professionally trained to work with children and comes to help run and oversee our children's ministry. Jen loves children and they love her! Each Sunday morning there are children's activities geared to help children have fun learning about God! Jennifer also oversees our Sciripture in Schools program in our local primary school. If you are interested in checking out Children's Church at Northlakes come along and give it a try!! 10am Sunday Morning at Cameron Park Community Centre!
We are blessed to have Jennifer on our team and we know that you will value what Jen has to offer your children in the Northlakes community!


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induction 5
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This Gif entitled induction 5 was created from the youtube video 3 years ago. It uses 18 frames per second and is displayed at 640px resolution. This animated image plays for 9 seconds, was built with high quality and an estimated weight of 60.31 MB for download. This animation was originally created from the video from 06:16 to 06:25.
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Bike Ride
258 ft
- Begins in:
- Yokohama-Shi, Japan
- Created By:
- mtuttle Best Time: 1:40:00
- Description:
- This is a 12.19 mi Bike Ride in Yokohama-Shi, Japan. The Bike Ride has a total ascent of 258.82 ft and has a maximum elevation of 78.28 ft. This route was created by mtuttle on 06/11/2007. View other Bike Rides that mtuttle has done or find similar maps in Zushi.
- Type:
- Bike Ride


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27/08/2017 Totaal Bekeken: 15022 Vandaag: 4 ★★★
Hotel Silvestro Garda, Hotel Silvestro is in Garda, net 50 meter van de oever van het meer. It offers a traditional Veneto restaurant, and classically furnished rooms with air conditioning, satellite TV and large windows. Most rooms at the Silvestro overlook the pedestrian main street. The hotel also has bikes for hire. A daily buffet breakfast is provided. The restaurant serves local and international dishes. Een bushalte 100 metres from the Silvestro Hotel has services to Gardaland, 15 Km. The hotel's free parking is 700 meter van het hotel. A shuttle service is also available from/to Verona Airport, a 30-minute drive from the hotel. (Hotel Silvestro Garda hotels booking).


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Plastic Waste: A Planetary Problem
Plastic is everywhere. It's in bags and bottles, cups and computers, toothbrushes and toys. It is an indispensable material that makes countless products lighter, more affordable and easier to use.
But the abundance of plastic in today's world is causing problems for the environment. In a new report, the United Nations estimates that plastic from the consumer goods industry alone results in "natural capital costs" (i.e., negative impacts on natural resources and the environment) of $75 billion (U.S.) per year.
Among the major problems: Plastic waste is filling up the world's landfills (and contributing to landfills' production of greenhouse gases) at an astonishing rate. And when it ends up as litter, plastic waste contributes to wildlife poisoning, entanglement and death, not to mention unsightly vistas of trash-strewn roads, waterways and parks.
The world's oceans are filled with hundreds of millions of pounds of plastic waste. Even worse, recent studies show that much of the plastic debris in the oceans is being consumed by plankton-eating fish.
A key step toward addressing the plastic waste problem is simply to throw away less of it. This means choosing reusable materials whenever possible, and doing a better job recycling. Currently, the recycling rate for plastic is very low, despite the fact that recycled plastic can be turned into a wide variety of products, including park benches, decking, shoes and rugs, to name a few.
In addition, industry has numerous options for reducing the use and improper disposal of plastics. The United Nations and organizations like the Ocean Recovery Alliance are encouraging industry to begin measuring and reporting how much plastic they produce and recover as a first step to reducing plastic pollution.
Everybody can play a part in reducing the negative impact of plastic waste on the environment. Here are a few things you can do:
- If you work for an organization or a business that uses single-use plastic products, explore other options that will limit plastic waste.
- Choose reusable materials over plastic products. That includes using reusable shopping bags and skipping throwaway forks and spoons. (Use washable silverware instead.)
- Remember to recycle your plastic properly. Whenever possible, keep it out of your landfill-bound trash, and find out if your recycling facility accepts plastic bags (many do not).
Plastic is an essential material in many products. But it's just as essential that we address the waste problem by making the right choices about using — and disposing of — plastic goods. To learn more waste reduction tips, visit the Make an Impact page.


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2Q16 Semiconductor Review and Forecast
Posted on: 10-Aug-2016
Page Views: 13701
An upturn is brewing in the semiconductor industry. The bottom of the downturn was hit early in the second quarter of 2016, as we promised in the last quarterly review. Then in July, VLSIresearch announced that an upturn was underway. There are plenty of factors driving this, which will be discussed in this video with Andrea Lati and G. Dan Hutcheson. They are back to give their quarterly review of how semiconductor supply chain markets performed in the last quarter, how it's performing in the current quarter, as well as update you on their thinking how it will play out going forward. They cover Semiconductors, Chip Manufacturing Equipment, Materials and Electronics markets and talk about the signs leading them to make the call that a recovery is underway.
« How Europe's Best Prevailed in the Era of Tec...
New Tech: Applied Materials' new etcher »
About weVISION:
weVISION is a series of video interviews of visionaries by G Dan Hutcheson, his career spans more than thirty years, in which he became a well-known as a visionary for helping companies make businesses out of technology. This includes hundreds of successful programs involving product development, positioning, and launch in Semiconductor, Technology, Medicine, Energy, Business, High Tech, Environment, Electronics, healthcare and Business divisions.
Semiconductor equipment,
semiconductor industry market analysis,
Semiconductors Market Forecasts,
Semiconductor Market Research
Short URL: https://www.wesrch.com/electronics/weqEL1XNP5
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- 4 beds
- 2 baths
- $214,000 price
- T2867194 mls id
- Square Feet: 1,836 sqft
- Year Built: 1982
- Lot Size: 10416 acres
- Status: Active
MUST SEE, move in ready, great family home located in an established & sought after neighborhood; walking distance to schools and park. YMCA and golf course only 1 mile away and centrally located to shopping, dining, libraries and interstates. 4 bedroom, 2 bath offers a wonderful layout and split floor plan. Secluded master bedroom includes his and her closets and private master bathroom. 3 additional spacious bedrooms are located on the opposite side of the home and have ample closet space. Home features include: formal living room and dining room with crown molding and chair rails, open kitchen with walk-in pantry, tons of cabinets, breakfast bar leading to the family room, large enclosed screen and glass enclosed lanai with tile flooring, screened enclosed 2 car garage and maintenance free mature landscaping. The large lanai is perfect for a child's play area, entertaining or man cave. Buyers motivated to sell! Call today for an
- Site Link
- Property Sub Type Single Family Detached
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PRICE REDUCTION with an ADDITIONAL $2,500 CONCESSION for NEW APPLIANCES!! This POOL home is nestled right in the heart of Valrico! It is situated on a large corner lot with a large FENCED backyard in the highly desirable subdivision of Lakemont! This 4 bedroom 2 bath home boasts a split floor plan...
4 beds, 2 baths, 1,811 sqft, $214,900
Listing Agent: Bill Damiani
Courtesy of: CENTURY 21 Acclaim Realty Co.
Office Phone: 8136845982
Updated: 22nd September, 2017 12:34 AM.
3728 Greenford St Valrico, FL


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Interiors and Architectural
Are you an interior designer, contractor, business or builder that wants to showcase your work or place of business?
Mercury Images can help you with professional photography with images that accurately reflect your product or image.
Contact me so we can meet and discuss what your needs are and to design a plan to help you showcase your services.


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(no subject)Oct. 19th, 2012 11:32 am
Name: Vesper
Age: 21
Location: Michigan, USA
How do you identify?: I'm an aromantic asexual genderfluid queer.
Interests/hobbies: Writing fanfiction/original fiction, photography.
Favourite books: Harry Potter, A Series of Unfortunate Events, Stephen King, The Hunger Games, The Chaos Walking Series, to name a few
Favourite films: Pan's Labyrinth is my favorite movie of all time. I also like The Orphanage, anything by Miyazaki, and Quentin Tarantino films.
Favourite music: I'm a huge Regina Spektor fan. Florenec + the Machine is amazing. I love Emilie Autumn.
What would you like to send/receive?: Snail-Mail, Email, Postcards.
Who would you like to send and receive mail from?: Anyone! :)
What countries would you like to receive mail from and send to?: Anywhere! :)
Anything that you would particularly NOT like to receive?: Nothing that I can think of at the moment, besides the obvious.
What would be in your dream letter or package?: I don't really know.
Anything else you'd like to add?: Feel free to add me as a friend, even if you don't want to be pen-pals.
Picture (optional):


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Educational Essay Topic Suggestions
Featuring six "gremlins" that personify popular reasons for data-loss, including fireplace, pure tragedy, theft, virus, user problem, and equipment malfunction, Intronis nationwide recognition and deterrence plan dividends for a second year to greatly help teach smaller businesses about the significance of data backup and protection. "Intronis Data-Loss Gremlins are special, and we have used them as part of our advertising efforts to educate our customers and prospects around the risks facing SMBs today," said Patty Willman, marketing consultant, Nashville Pc, Inc. "a Few of The creative tactics weve set them to work include marketing our Backup and Disaster Relief Workshop, and using them inside our updates. About Intronis The Intronis ECHOplatform firmly defends bodily and electronic data with indigenous support for actual imaging, VMware, Hyperv, Trade, and SQL, during a re-brandable central administration unit link http://essayswritingsupport.com/homework/ that integrates with significant RMM and PSA tools. Through Intronis ECHOshare, channel partners can quickly increase their IT solutions account to include firmly integrated business-quality record sync and share.


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National Security College Crawford School of Public Policy ANU College of Asia & the Pacific
A joint initiative of the Commonwealth Government and The Australian National University
The Australian National University
National Security College
speaks for itself – you'll see some examples throughout this publication.
The National Security College is unique. As a joint initiative of the Australian Government and the Australian National University, we are singularly placed at the nexus of policymaking and the advancement of knowledge. We have a track record of cultivating new generations of security thinkers and enhancing the credentials and opportunities of students wanting to work in the national security space. We take an innovative and forward-looking approach to our teaching and learning methods, for example through blended learning, collaborative work, scenario exercises, and exposure to the policy world through guest presenters drawn from Australia's most distinguished national security practitioners and thinkers. Students also benefit from access to our vibrant program of policy engagement, careers briefings and public events featuring leading international speakers. The testimony of our students and alumni
The academic environment here is unashamedly multi-disciplinary, highly interactive and responsive to the security problems of a world in change. Our staff are at the cutting edge of crafting a new hybrid discipline of knowledge, at the intersection of domestic and international security – national security for the challenges of the 21st century. At the NSC, we strive to understand and address the significant national security policy questions and challenges that confront Australia, the Indo-Pacific region and the world. We pride ourselves on approaching these issues in a way that combines academic rigour with policymaking practicality. We're especially interested in the security challenges that multiple countries face in common in a connected world, where no nation – or field of academic expertise – is an island. As a former policy practitioner with an interest in how real world strategic decisions should be informed by research and argument, I feel privileged to lead the National Security College as it consolidates its place as a premier institution in its field.
Professor Rory Medcalf Head, National Security College The Australian National University
As a student at the National Security College (NSC), you'll be joining a supportive and passionate community of students, alumni and national security practitioners. You'll engage with world-leading scholars at the cutting edge of national security research, with the wider national security community, and with leaders in government, politics, business and NGOs in Australia and internationally.
>> an enhanced capacity to lead or contribute to policy development and security practice in government and related sectors
The Master of National Security Policy has evolved as a challenging and rewarding program of inquiry and contestible learning for aspiring professionals who want:
The NSC's graduate programs will give you both a strong theoretical underpinning and a practical understanding of the national, regional and global security challenges that will shape the 21st century. You'll be taught by leaders in their fields and gain access to top Australian and overseas officials from government and the private sector.
>> a comprehensive understanding of how national security works both in theory and in practice, in Australia and internationally >> a deep understanding of the security issues facing the Indo-Pacific region and the world >> a chance to acquire and contribute to knowledge of tomorrow's security challenges and the opportunities meet them
National Security College
>> access to experts and senior officials in Australia's capital, insider views and networks of like-minded professionals >> skills that will prepare you for a career in government, intelligence, the military, international organisations, civil society or the private sector, in Australia and throughout the world.
Your career Whether your career aspirations lie in government, the private sector, international organisations or the media, a degree from the NSC can help you achieve them.
At the National Security College, you'll be part of a new generation of professionals from across Australia and around the world who are engaging with applied national security policymaking in Australia's capital. You'll gain an internationally respected qualification in national security with a focus on the dynamic Indo-Pacific region and develop the skills and networks you'll need to further your career.
Master of National Security Policy
Master of National Security Policy (Advanced)
CRICOS Code: 082340A
CRICOS Code: 082341M
Program Code: 7870 MNSPO
Program Code: 7870 VNSPO
Units/Duration: 96 units / 1 - 2 years dependent on previous studies
Units/Duration: 96 units/ 1 - 2 years dependent on previous studies
Admission requirements
Admission requirements
>> A Bachelor degree or international equivalent
The admission requirements are the same as the Master of National Security Policy. However, students must achieve a minimum 70 per cent weighted average mark in the first 48 units of courses attempted to remain enrolled in the Master of National Security Policy (Advanced).
>> Applicants with a Bachelor degree or Graduate Certificate in a cognate discipline may be eligible for 24 units (one semester) of credit >> Applicants with a Graduate Diploma or Honours degree in a cognate discipline may be eligible for 48 units (one year) of credit
Note: These requirements were correct at the time of printing. For up to date details please visit the National Security College website nsc.anu.edu.au
Policy engagement The NSC has a vibrant policy engagement program, making us a trusted think tank in Australia's national capital. Motivated students have opportunities to connect with this side of our work, including public events and roundtables.
Students who do not achieve a minimum 70 per cent weighted average mark will be transferred to the Master of National Security Policy.
Executive and professional development programs The NSC also offers executive and professional development programs – short courses ranging from one day to four weeks – for national security practitioners. We are in the process of introducing academic recognition for those who have completed NSC short courses. This will allow for executive course alumni to transfer their prior learning into the Master of National Security Policy program. We anticipate this option being available in 2017 once University approval processes are completed. The Australian National University
Core NSC Courses
Asian Regionalism and Security: Implications for Australia
Malicious Networks: Transnational Terrorism and Crime
The Evolution of National Security Policy since 1945
Sectarianism and Religiously Motivated Violence
Statecraft and National Security in Cyberspace
Selected Topic in National Security Policy
American National Security Policy
Terrorism and National Security
NSPO8006 National Security Policy-making NSPO8011
Foundations of National Security
Research Methods in National Security Policy
National Security in the Indo-Pacific
NSC Electives NSPO8004
National Security Leadership and Risk Management Ethical Challenges for National Security
NSPO8009 Cyber-intelligence and Security NSPO8010
Civil-Military Relations
National Security and Crisis Management
Disease, Security and Biological Weapons
Ethics and Technologies of War
National Security College
Research component The Advanced program requires completion of a 24-unit sub-thesis. NSPO8031
National Security Policy Sub-thesis
Liam Jones For Liam Jones, the Master of National Security Policy was a natural stepping-stone towards a career in policymaking. "I did a Bachelor of Arts in politics and English and, while I got a lot out of it, I felt I needed something a bit more relevant that would open up some opportunities for me," he says. "I found the degree quite interesting in the way it broadly addressed national security issues. When I started at the NSC I was working as a political staffer, and then I recently joined KPMG working with the Defence department on defence projects." For Liam, one of the NSC's attractions was its close connections with government. "Not only is it a good academic institution that weighs in on the national security debate, but because it's attached to government, it's plugged into the national security space formally as well," he says. Liam has found the Masters program has enriched not just his academic knowledge but also his practical skills. "We've done theory and a lot of different things, but the courses are constructed in ways that always come back to how these things affect policymaking or current national security issues.
"There's also a focus on building skills, which has enabled me to be more effective in my professional capacity. It goes from right on the practical end – like writing policy briefs or issues briefs – to policy development, to the landscape of the national security community, which has been very useful in my work. Having that knowledge puts me on the front foot." A diversity of skills and experiences among his classmates has also provided Liam with a well-rounded network of contacts. "The NSC not only delivers really good courses, it also plugs you into a network of people involved in the national security space," he says. As his career progresses, Liam hopes to move more into national security policy. He believes his degree has provided a strong foundation for his ambitions:
"I'd like to shift more into policymaking, whether that's through working in a ministerial office or government department, and I think that my course, with some good work experience, will put me in a good position to be competitive for those positions."
The Australian National University
National Security Leadership and Risk Management (NSPO8004) In this course, you'll learn about leadership and risk management in a national security context. You'll examine contemporary leadership issues that affect the national security community, learn about risk concepts and how they apply in national security settings, and develop methods to communicate risk around national security challenges.
National Security Policymaking (NSPO8006) This course will provide you with an in-depth look at Australia's national security policymaking system, including its structures, processes, actors and norms. You will look comparatively at national security policymaking in other democracies, such as the United States, United Kingdom, India, Japan, Indonesia and France. You'll learn about practical aspects of national security policymaking, including strategy and implementation, and will analyse contemporary issues concerning the interplay of national interests, values, politics and the bureaucracy. A highlight of this course each year is guest lectures by some of Australia's most distinguished national security policy leaders and practitioners.
National Security College
Ethical Challenges for National Security (NSPO8008) As Australia faces challenges ranging from domestic terrorism to cybersecurity to climate change, discussions around national security will continue to resonate across our community, in the media and in policymaking. You will examine the ethical norms that both underpin and limit national security. The course has a particular focus on the way that the relationships between those ethical norms pose challenges for national security policy and practice. It explores how, and the extent to which, ethical considerations can and should influence decisions about national security.
Cyber-intelligence and Security (NSPO8009) In this course, you'll examine the changing role of intelligence in the cyber age and the implications for national security policy. You'll explore new and emerging sources of intelligence; the new ways traditional intelligence is being merged with cyber-intelligence using big data technologies; and the role and future of secret intelligence in a world awash with open-source information.
Civil-Military Relations (NSPO8010) This course will help you to develop a critical understanding of the boundaries and complexities of civil-military relations in disaster and conflict situations. You'll analyse the policies, principles and practices of the Australian Government, the United Nations, and other key international actors and non-government organisations. You'll also examine disaster risk reduction and peace-building strategies to help minimise the severity of natural disasters and the reversion of fragile states into conflict.
Foundations of National Security (NSPO8011) National security by its nature sits at the intersection of domestic and international security challenges. In this comprehensive introduction to national security, you'll first
examine how key concepts, represented by different and sometime competing worldviews, define and problematise security. You'll then explore major debates in the study of national security, as well as contemporary security challenges for Australia and other nations.
National Security and Crisis Management (NSPO8012) This course will provide you with an understanding of, and experience in, strategy planning and implementation in the context of national security crisis situations. In particular, you'll participate in a simulation concerning a hypothetical national security crisis where you'll have to work collaboratively to produce strategic advice.
Disease, Security and Biological Weapons (NSPO8013) With this course, you will have the opportunity to analyse the political and security significance of infectious diseases and biological weapons, including the threat posed by biological weapons; responses to fast-moving disease outbreaks of natural origin; and securityoriented ethics for biological scientists. You'll develop a critical understanding of disease-related security and policy issues and will be able to formulate, analyse and evaluate security policy options in relation to disease-related security challenges.
The Australian National University
Ethics and Technologies of War (NSPO8014) In this course, you will examine the ethics of the use of force for political purposes, including being introduced to Just War theory. You'll also look at ideas such as the basic concepts of international law on armed conflict; pre-emptive and preventive war; humanitarian interventions; and mercenaries and private military companies. You'll develop a critical understanding of the relationship between ethics, politics, security and strategy, and will be able to formulate, analyse and evaluate security policy options in ethical terms.
Asian Regionalism and Security (NSPO8015) In this course, you will assess the political and security challenges in Indo-Pacific Asia and debate the prospects for advancing 'regionalism' there. You'll analyse a range of issues, including sources of conflict and distrust, such as the South China Sea; the influence of major powers; the role of regional organisations; and new and evolving security issues in a regional context such as transnational crime, disease and natural disasters. You'll develop an understanding of the major domestic, regional and international political and security variables that shape security agendas.
National Security College
Malicious Networks: Transnational Terrorism and Crime (NSPO8017) This topical course will take you through the globalisation and the communications revolution that is empowering transnational networks of terrorists and criminals in their capacity to threaten national security. You'll learn about network theory in order to understand the motivations, operations and impacts of transnational terrorist and criminal organisations. You will then go on to analyse the variety of terrorist and crime organisations and the responses of various states and international bodies to the challenge of malicious networks.
The Evolution of National Security Policy since 1945 (NSPO8018) This course will provide you with an overview of post-war global security history. You'll discuss the evolution of the concept of national security since 1945, examining how and why certain security threats and interests were perceived and how national security policies transformed over time. After completing this course, you'll have an in-depth knowledge of postwar security challenges and will be able to critically reflect on key historical and theoretical viewpoints.
Sectarianism and Religiously Motivated Violence (NSPO8019) In this course, you'll examine the causes and dynamics of religious and sectarian violence, as well as the factors that cause it to spread between societies. You'll analyse contemporary conflicts – such as those in Iraq, Syria and Egypt – which began with inter-state conflicts or popular internal uprisings that developed into sectarian conflicts, and examine the differences between them and earlier religio-nationalist conflicts such as the Irish Troubles.
Research Methods in National Security Policy (NSPO8020) This important skill-building course will help you develop an understanding of different research approaches and methodologies in preparation for your own research projects. You'll learn how to identify your own research question, select and identify research approaches and methods of inquiry, develop arguments and present your results.
Statecraft and National Security in Cyberspace (NSPO8021) In this highly interdisciplinary course, you'll examine the evolution of cyberspace as a domain where states project both hard and soft power, and how states are adapting to the threats and opportunities of this new domain. You'll analyse how
cyberspace interacts with the traditional domains of land, sea, air and space in which statecraft is prosecuted, and explore the future of cyberspace and its potential to disrupt ideas of sovereignty and national security.
Selected Topic in National Security Policy (NSPO8022) This special research-based course allows you to learn from visiting specialists at the National Security College or gain an introduction to research in national security. You'll explore a specific topic in depth through weekly seminar discussions and extensive research, developing methods and skills, and leading to a deeper understanding of the topic under consideration.
National Security in the IndoPacific (NSPO8023) In this course, you'll learn about the challenges and choices facing national security policymakers in an era of increased connectivity between the AsiaPacific and Indian Ocean regions. This is one of the first academic courses in the world to explore the emerging concept of the Indo-Pacific as a coherent strategic and economic system, along with its implications for the security interests of key regional powers, notably China, India, Japan, Indonesia, the United States and Australia.
The Australian National University
American National Security Policy (NSPO8024) Given the predominant role the United States has played in world affairs since World War II, American national security policy affects not just Americans, but peoples and nations around the globe. In this course, you'll develop a systematic understanding of the dimensions and dilemmas of American national security policy, with a particular focus on the ideas, institutions and individuals that have shaped how America frames its approach to national security.
Terrorism and National Security (NSPO8025) In this multidisciplinary course, you'll explore the nature and causes of terrorism, as well as individual (state) and collective (international) responses. You'll examine the historical evolution of terrorism, its causes and rationales, and the major theoretical and conceptual approaches to its study. You'll also analyse historical and contemporary terrorist groups, including the recent 'fourth wave' of terrorism (e.g. al-Qaeda and ISIS), as well as examining counter-terrorism responses and policies in the context of national security policy formulation.
10 National Security College
Patricia Dias When Master of National Security Policy student Patricia Dias joined the NSC, it was the start of a significant career change. During four years spent working at the China-Australia Chamber of Commerce in Beijing, she was advised to look into the public service, which led her to Canberra and a job with the Department of Defence. "I think firstly it was the type of courses the NSC offers that attracted me," she says. "Other universities have similar types of courses, but the NSC also has an incredibly high calibre of lecturers. "The other thing I've really enjoyed has been the national security events. There are a lot of evening presentations where they get in really big speakers, whereas at other universities you just don't have access to that calibre of people to learn from." Patricia has also enjoyed the flexibility of the degree, both its content and the way the program is delivered. "I've loved every single subject I've taken and you get such a great range of choice. I studied full-time initially, then part-time. Classes are held in the evenings because a lot of students are also working full-time."
Although Patricia was initially nervous about having no previous national security experience, she quickly found that her background allowed her to contribute in unique ways. "I learned a lot from my classmates because I've been studying alongside people who were already working in the public service or had international relations backgrounds," she says. "But I quickly realised that bringing that business background and looking at the trade side of things contributed to giving a different perspective and viewpoint. I think everyone's different backgrounds helped us all learn together. "The lecturers, the administrative staff and everyone in the NSC makes it really feel like a family," she says. "When I first moved to Canberra, the staff took the time to sit down with me and talk to me about the course and what options I had. Patricia has recently applied for an ANU internship in Washington, where students work for a member of the US Congress, joined the Australian Army Reserve as an officer and is keen to broaden her international experience.
"The NSC really does have your interests as a student at heart and they want to see you progress in your career."
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Law, Order and Conflict in the Pacific
POGO8095 Development Policy and Practice
Conflict and Development in the Pacific
Strategic Studies
Grand Strategies in the Asia-Pacific
Australian Strategic and Defence Policy
China's Defence and Strategic Challenges
CRWF8000 Government, Markets and Global Change DIPL8006
Diplomacy, Politics and the United Nations
INTR8062 Humanitarianism in World Politics
Intelligence and Security
Writing International Relations
Nuclear Strategy in the Asian Century
U.S. Security Policy in the Asia-Pacific
Islam, the West and International Terrorism
Insurgency & Counterinsurgency in an Age of Terror
Great and Powerful Friends: Strategic Alliances and Australian Security
MEAS8115 Islam in World Politics POGO8012 Governance and Institutions
12 National Security College
Enkh-Orshikh Khurlee When Enkh-Orshikh Khurlee from Mongolia was looking to pursue postgraduate studies in Australia, he says the Master of National Security Policy at ANU was an obvious choice. "I had to weigh university, location, and most importantly, the program," he says. Fortunately it was not a tough call. "The National Security College was offering a program that was exactly what I was looking for with a broad, multidisciplinary understanding of national security and it was at the ANU which was already known for its international standing and reputation."
Enkh-Orshikh specialises in Asia-Pacific studies with a focus on strategic studies, cybersecurity and North-East Asia. Prior to making the move to Canberra, he worked at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Parliament Secretariat of Mongolia.
"I am confident that my study here will contribute enormously to my professional and personal development goal to become a career diplomat with expertise in national security and policy-making."
Accompanied by his family, Enkh-Orshikh relocated to Canberra – which he describes as a "terrific city to live in". "The quiet, safe and family friendly nature of the city is perfectly suited to me. "It not only houses some great museums and galleries, but is also large enough to create a vibrant and multicultural atmosphere." In addition to undertaking his Masters degree at ANU, Enkh-Orshikh has also been working with the ANU Mongolia Institute. "I would not have thought before coming here that I could also contribute to the efforts of Mongolian studies at the same time as studying. This is one of the perks of studying in a major university."
The Australian National University 13
14 National Security College
Professor Rory Medcalf Head National Security College, ANU
being founder and co-chair of the AustraliaIndia Policy Forum, an informal bilateral dialogue. He holds senior non-resident affiliations with the Brookings Institution and the Lowy Institute and is internationally recognised as a thought leader in reconceptualising the maritime Asian strategic environment as the 'Indo-Pacific' region.
Nonresident Senior Fellow The Brookings Institution Nonresident Fellow Lowy Institute for International Policy
Rory Medcalf has been Head of the NSC since January 2015, with more than two decades of experience across diplomacy, intelligence analysis, think tanks and journalism. He was Director of the International Security Program at the Lowy Institute from 2007 to 2015. Prior to that, Professor Medcalf was a senior strategic analyst with the Office of National Assessments. His experience as an Australian diplomat included a posting to New Delhi, a secondment to the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, truce monitoring after the civil conflict in Bougainville and policy development on Asian security institutions. Professor Medcalf has contributed to three landmark reports on nuclear arms control. His journalism has been commended in Australia's leading media awards, the Walkleys. Professor Medcalf was on the expert panel providing advice on Australia's 2016 Defence White Paper and has played a significant role in relations with India,
Dr Anthony Bergin Senior Research Fellow National Security College, ANU Senior Analyst Australian Strategic Policy Institute
Anthony Bergin is a graduate of political science, law and international relations from Monash University and the ANU. Prior to joining ASPI in 2006, he was an academic engaged for 25 years in professional military education: first at the Royal Australian Naval College and then at the Australian Defence Force Academy. He led the Australian Defence Studies Centre at the academy for 12 years and taught homeland security. He has served as an Adjunct Reader in International Law at the ANU and been a visiting professor at the University of Delaware. Dr Bergin has published widely in scholarly journals and policy papers on Australian foreign policy, maritime affairs and national security, and is a frequent contributor to quality press publications on these issues. The Australian National University 15
Professor Roger Bradbury Research Leader Cyberspace Program, National Security College, ANU
Roger Bradbury leads the Strategy and Statecraft in Cyberspace research program at the NSC. He is a complex systems scientist and trained originally as a zoologist. His research interests lie in the modelling and simulation of the dynamics of coupled social and natural systems. Professor Bradbury was the Chief Scientist in the Bureau of Resource Sciences in the 1990s and marine program leader at the Australian Institute of Marine Science in the 1980s. In recent years, he has worked in the Australian intelligence community on the strategic analysis of international science and technology issues and is particularly interested in cyberspace as a strategic domain.
Dr David Brewster Senior Research Fellow National Security College, ANU
David Brewster is a Senior Research Fellow at the NSC and is one of Australia's leading academic experts on strategy and security in South Asia and the Indian Ocean region. His research interests include 16 National Security College
Indian strategic affairs, Indian Ocean security, and India's security and defence relationships. Since 2006, Dr Brewster has built an international reputation in the field of strategic and security studies. He currently hold appointments as: Visiting Fellow with the ANU Strategic and Defence Studies Centre; Distinguished Research Fellow with the Australia India Institute, University of Melbourne; and Fellow with the Royal Australian Navy Sea Power Centre, Canberra.
Associate Professor Michael Clarke Associate Professor & Graduate Convenor National Security College, ANU
Michael Clarke is the NSC's Graduate Convenor and an internationally recognised expert on the history and politics of China's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, Chinese foreign policy in Central Asia, Central Asian geopolitics, and nuclear proliferation and non-proliferation. For the past two years, Dr Clarke has provided advice and testimony to the US-China Economic and Security Review Commission on Chinese policy in Xinjiang and China's foreign policy in Central Asia and Afghanistan. He also regularly provides expert media commentary on Uyghur/Xinjiang and Chinese foreign policy-related issues to national and international media.
Professor Paul Cornish Professorial Fellow in Cyber Security National Security College, ANU
Paul Cornish is the NSC's inaugural professorial fellow, guest lecturer and a principal investigators in our cyberspace research program. He is one of the world's most eminent scholars working in the field of cyber security, having spent some ten years of his career in research posts at Chatham House, first as Senior Research Fellow in the early 1990s and latterly as Carrington Professor of International Security and Head of the International Security Programme (from 2005 until 2011). Professor Cornish also spent several years as Director of the Centre for Defence Studies at King's College London. He is a member of the UK Chief of the Defence Staff's Strategic Advisory Panel, a Fellow of Oxford University's Global Cyber Security Capacity-Building Centre and a Senior Associate Fellow of the Royal United Services Institute.
Dr Adam Henschke Lecturer in National Security National Security College, ANU
interests in ethics, society and interactions with novel and emerging technologies. His current research is particularly focussed on the ethics of cybersecurity; just war and military ethics; emerging technologies; cross-cultural ethical dialogues; valueinformed decision making; and the public communication of ethics. Dr Henschke is an Adjunct Research Fellow with the Centre of Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics, Charles Sturt University and has been a Visiting Assistant Professor at the University of Hong Kong.
Dr Jennifer Hunt Lecturer in National Security National Security College, ANU
Jennifer Hunt is a Lecturer at the NSC whose research examines the intersection between energy, defence and economic issues, with a focus on the United States and the Arab Gulf. She has published on comparative energy security policy in the US and Australia, the geopolitics of energy markets, and economic and political transitions in the Arab Gulf. In 2011-2012 Dr Hunt was a visiting researcher at Sultan Qaboos University in Muscat, Oman, and has studied Arabic at the Qasid Institute in Jordan. Prior to joining the NSC, Dr Hunt was based at the US Studies Centre at the University of Sydney.
Adam Henschke is a Lecturer at the NSC whose research stems from fundamental
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Dr Haroro Ingram Lecturer National Security College, ANU
Haroro Ingram is a Lecturer at the NSC and a Research Fellow with the ANU Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs. His primary research project analyses the role of propaganda in the strategies of violent nonstate political movements, with the Islamic State and the Afghan Taliban as major case studies. Dr Ingram's research draws heavily on primary source materials, most of which were collected during periods of fieldwork in South Asia (Afghanistan) and the Middle East (Iraq). He has been a visiting fellow with institutions such as the International Centre for Counter-terrorism in The Hague and the US Naval Postgraduate School's Defense Analysis Department, as well as having worked in a variety of national security roles.
Dr Tim Legrand Lecturer in National Security National Security College, ANU
Tim Legrand is a Lecturer at the NSC and our PhD Program Convenor. Dr Legrand's interdisciplinary research concerns the structures, management and processes of public administration. He regularly presents 18 National Security College
his research on the governance of security (aviation, maritime and critical infrastructure protection) to the Commonwealth and state governments, and has provided public submissions to the Independent National Security Legislation Monitor and the Queensland Parliament on counterterrorism and security legislation. Prior to joining the NSC, he was a Research Fellow at the ARC Centre of Excellence in Policing and Security at Griffith University (2010-12) and the ANU (2012-present).
Associate Professor Matthew Sussex Academic Director National Security College, ANU Nonresident Fellow Lowy Institute for International Policy
Matthew Sussex is the Academic Director at the National Security College. His main research specialisation is Russian foreign and security policy, but his interests also cover government and politics in Eurasia, strategic studies, terrorism and counterterrorism, energy security, and Australian foreign policy. He is particularly interested in contemporary trends in violent conflict, especially in 'hybrid' warfare and in the evolution of propaganda. Associate Professor Sussex was previously Director of Politics and International Relations at the University of Tasmania. He has served on the National Executive of the Australian Institute for International Affairs and has been Associate Editor of the Australian Journal of International Affairs.
Dr Sue Thompson
Dr Stephanie Williams
Lecturer in National Security National Security College, ANU
Lecturer National Security College, ANU
Sue Thompson is an historian and Lecturer at the NSC. She previously worked for the Department of Defence as research coordinator for the Asia-Pacific Civil Military Centre of Excellence. During her time as an international affairs journalist in the UK, Dr Thompson completed a PhD at the prestigious School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) at the University of London. Her research interests include defence studies, Southeast Asian studies, the history of international relations, civilmilitary relations and regional cooperation.
Stephanie Williams is a public health physician and epidemiologist, currently working as a medical adviser in the Office of Health Protection of the Department of Health. She provides clinical and technical advice to support health responses to communicable diseases, natural disasters and terrorist events. Her areas of interest include epidemiology and surveillance of communicable diseases, global health security and public health policy. Dr Williams' previous roles have included: Public Health Registrar for Victoria's Chief Health Officer; Technical Officer in Global Health Security for the World Health Organization (WHO) in Geneva; and as a medical doctor in Australia and overseas for Médecins Sans Frontières and the WHO.
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Daniela Garcia Ecuadorian career diplomat Daniela Garcia is already onto her second graduate degree during her Canberra posting. Having completed a Master of Public Policy at the Crawford School, she has recently started the Master of National Security Policy (Advanced) at the NSC.
a lot of advantages, because we have lectures and conferences with really top representatives from think tanks and government departments.
"In my career I've already covered multilateral trade negotiations, thus I wanted to expand my knowledge into the political arena, where national security is core," she says. "I had a look at the prospect of this degree, and all the topics were at the forefront of the field, of which cybersecurity is one of my interests."
Daniela is working and studying full time in order to finish her degree before returning to Ecuador, where she plans to work in multilateralism.
The structure of classes, including the emphasis on discussion, is something that Daniela values highly about her course. "All the discussions we have in class are part of the present debates in the international security agenda. I want to contribute to debates about topics relevant to Latin America, so it's great that you acquire knowledge, but it's also a space to contribute; they want your opinion." The NSC's location in Canberra and the connections that come with it is another major asset, Daniela believes. "Canberra is a very liveable city, and also the NSC has strong connections with government," she says. Being in the capital gives you
20 National Security College
"It's the perfect mix. ANU as one of the highest ranked universities in the world exceeds your expectations on every academic aspect. Also, you have this access to experienced diplomats, politicians and scholars."
"My current posting deals with bilateral issues, where I'm in charge of the economic and consular areas, thus I hope that later on I can go back to multilateralism, but this time in relation to the UN. I am an optimist on global cooperation.
"I am glad I can study in such a prestigious college. All the knowledge that I'm acquiring here is instrumental for my work as a diplomat, to better serve my country and to contribute to generating more research about Latin America."
Domestic students
International students
As a domestic student, you will need to apply through the Universities Admissions Centre (UAC) uac.edu.au/postgraduate
As an international student, you will need to apply directly to the University.
Please use the following UAC codes when making your application:
An online application fee applies for international applicants, unless you're applying through an ANU agent.
>> Master of National Security Policy: 830500
You can submit your application at programsandcourses.anu.edu.au
>> Master of National Security Policy (Advanced): 830505
Please use the following program codes when making your application:
You can find application deadlines on the UAC website uac.edu.au/postgraduate
>> Master of National Security Policy: 7870 MNSPO >> Master of National Security Policy (Advanced): 7870 VNSPO
Application dates If you're applying to begin in the first semester, applications close on 15 December of the previous year. If you're applying to begin in the second semester, applications close on 27 May. All applicants must provide evidence that their English language ability meets the minimum requirements for admission. See page 23 for further details.
The Australian National University 21
ANU accepts either the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) or the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) to meet the English language requirement for admission. The minimum requirements for all programs are: English Language Test
Academic IELTS
Overall IELTS score of 6.5 with a minimum of 6.0 in each component of the test.
TOEFL Paper Based Test (PBT)
At least a total score of 570, with Test of Written English score of 4.5.
TOEFL Internet Based Test (IBT)
At least a total score of 80, with a minimum of 20 in Reading and Writing, and a minimum of 18 in Speaking and Listening.
22 National Security College
Nikola Pijovic National Security College PhD student Nikola Pijovic is reaping the rewards of three-and-a-half years of hard work: he will soon be submitting his thesis on Australia's foreign policy engagement with Africa. "It's really a PhD on Australian foreign policy looking at the case study of Africa, trying to explain how it changed, and then seeing what broader themes there are for Australian foreign policy," he says. "One I've found is a significant degree of partisanship in what is generally perceived to be a fairly bipartisan foreign policy in Australia." Nikola studied in Adelaide before completing his Masters on a scholarship with the European Union's Erasmus Mundus Programme, focusing on the Somaliland region as well as African terrorist groups like al-Shabaab. When he decided to do his PhD, he wanted to continue to focus on Africa but deepen the Australian connection, and found the NSC to be a good fit: "I'm working a bit on terrorism as well as foreign policy, so it all falls under national security." Nikola's work is already being recognised, with his 2014 article on Australia's relationship with Africa through the Commonwealth winning the prestigious Peter Lyon Memorial Prize, awarded by The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs.
For Nikola, the NSC's small size and collegiate community has been a definite advantage. "It's good to be part of something where you can really contribute to the energy of the place. It's got a really good collegiate culture." He has also found being in the nation's capital has helped his research. "Canberra's so small, you meet a lot of people through university connections, especially for those interested in practical and policy areas. Generally most of my fieldwork was done here in Canberra." Nikola is unsure what the future holds, but he feels that the NSC's contacts and reputation in both academia and government have served him well. He has already been offered a job with a major government department, but hasn't ruled out a return to academia.
"The thing I like a lot is that the NSC is in between academia and policymaking," he says. "I want to do academic work, but I think it would also be good to have practical experience with policymaking and government. Even as an academic, students want people who have relevant experience, and certainly we come across that a lot in the courses I tutor." The Australian National University 23
The National Security College offers scholarships to high-performing students who receive an offer of admission to a Master of National Security Policy or a Master of National Security Policy (Advanced). The ANU National Security Policy Scholarship Awarded on the basis of academic merit, these scholarships are open to highly qualified students who have received an offer of admission for the first time. The scholarships are offered under three divisions: >> New domestic students (citizens of Australia or New Zealand or permanent residents of Australia) >> New international students >> Employees of the Australian, state and territory public services
24 National Security College
The NSC Scholarship for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Students Each year, the National Security College may award this scholarship to a new applicant from an Indigenous community who has received an offer to join either degree program. You can find out more about National Security College Scholarships on the NSC website nsc.anu.edu.au/scholarshipsand-sponsorship.php
The NSC PhD program aims to develop experts in security studies with excellent research skills. As a PhD candidate, you'll have the benefit of a dedicated academic supervisor and encouragement to undertake fieldwork. Admission into the program To gain admission to the PhD program you'll need a Bachelor degree with an upper second class (H2A) honours degree (at minimum) or its equivalent in a discipline relevant to your proposed topic and the broad field of security studies, or a discipline such as international relations, strategic studies or political science. Your admission will be dependent on the availability of an appropriate NSC academic supervisor. For more information visit the PhD Study section of the ANU website nsc.anu.edu.au/phd-study
PhD Scholarships
Scholarship closing dates If you wish to submit an application for a PhD scholarship application, you'll need to do so in the year before you intend to commence your studies: >> For international applicants – by 31 August >> For Australian citizens and permanent residents – by 31 October For further information on PhD scholarships visit the ANU website anu.edu.au/study/information-for/ postgrad-research-students
Research We conduct research into these priority national security issues: >> Regions, States and Security >> Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism >> Cyber Security >> Security Futures >> Challenges for Policymakers The National Security College welcomes scholarship and collaboration in relation to these broad areas.
The ANU offers scholarships for students wishing to pursue PhD study in the NSC. These include the Australian Postgraduate Award (APA) and the International Postgraduate Research Scholarship (IPRS).
The Australian National University 25
Dr Jennifer Hunt National Security College lecturer Dr Jennifer Hunt is not one to shirk from a challenge. Originally hailing from North Carolina, USA, where she was captain of her university's women's fencing team, she relocated to Australia to complete her Masters and doctoral studies at the University of Sydney. Jennifer's PhD thesis examined energy security from the perspective of a producer state – in this case Oman – and its impact on the security of the country and the Gulf region. "I asked the question, what happens to an oil state when the oil runs out?" Jennifer says. "Oman is the first Gulf Cooperation Council state where this is expected to happen." To answer this question, she conducted extensive fieldwork as a visiting researcher at Sultan Qaboos University in Muscat, attended the World Economic Forum in Abu Dhabi and studied Arabic at the Qasid Institute in Jordan. How did she find living and working as an American, female researcher in the culturally conservative Gulf region? "Actually, it's probably your best bet to get information," Jennifer laughs. "Research can be challenging in that knowledge tends to reside in people rather than in documents, but as a Western woman, you're treated as a 'third gender' which
26 National Security College
means you are unrestricted from starting those conversations with anyone. Moreover, I found the Omanis very open to someone studying the region from their perspective." Jennifer's doctoral thesis was awarded an Honourable Mention in the Australian Political Studies Association's PhD Thesis Prize and she has since expanded her research into the geopolitics of global energy markets while working on her upcoming book. "My work sits at the intersection of political science, economics and policy, and it's the policy focus that I really value about the NSC," she says. "Our mission here is to contribute to current debates by working with policymakers, postgraduate students and executives to bring rigorous research to bear on emerging security issues." The NSC's newest staff member has initially taken on the 'National Security Leadership and Risk Management' course. "This class is popular because it's blended" Jennifer says. "It's partly online, with some non-traditional assessments such as policy briefs and podcasts.
"The class is flexible, it's unique, and it's demanding; it makes the face-to-face time much more valuable in that you do the ground work before you come in, and then apply it practically in class."
The National Security College (NSC) at the Australian National University is Australia's leading provider of national security teaching, research and outreach. We are a unique, multidisciplinary graduate studies school established through a partnership between the Australian Government and the ANU. National Security is a discipline we are building as we teach and research it. When you join us, you become a crucial part of an active project – an intellectual venture of genuine importance to the future security of societies and nations. We strive to understand and address the significant national security policy questions and challenges that confront Australia, the region and the world. We pride ourselves on approaching these issues in a way that is both academically rigorous and eminently practical. The NSC's pedagogical approach emphasises independence and diversity of views among our staff and visiting experts. Our unique nature as a CommonwealthANU partnership allows us to assemble a high level mix of academic expert and policy practitioner perspectives.
We challenge students to broaden their horizons while emphasising the 'so what?' for policy. We strengthen networks of cooperation between practitioners and nongovernment experts, contribute to the development of a new generation of strategic analysts and provide outreach to business and the wider community. Through our cutting-edge research and engagement with those working at the coalface of national security policy in government, politics, business and NGOs, we seek to promote a greater awareness of Australia's national security architecture, threats, risks, strategy, planning and the leadership challenges for the wider national security community. Our graduates are leaders in their fields and are part of a global network of national security professionals. The academic program of National Security College is part of the Crawford School of Public Policy in the ANU College of Asia and the Pacific. The Crawford School is the region's leading graduate public policy school. Staff and students at the School play an essential role in shaping public policy through research, education and policy engagement. Since the founding of the ANU in 1946, the College of Asia and the Pacific has driven Australia's engagement and understanding of its neighbourhood.
The Australian National University 27
University House
Stanner Bldg
Crawford School Old Canberra House
National Security College
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Lennox 75A House
For more information contact the Academic Program Coordinator National Security College GJ Yeend Wing (Crawford Building #132a) 1 Lennox Crossing The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601 Australia T +61 2 6125 6131 E firstname.lastname@example.com W nsc.anu.edu.au @NSC_ANU linkedin.com/company/national-security-college CRICOS #00120C
30 National Security College


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RRPproxy is the Reseller Portal for ISPs, Registrars & Domain Investors. Domains, Hosting & More ...
|IDN capable:
|Handle Updates:
|Registration Period:
|1-10 years
|Autorenew Grace Period:
|35 days
|Deletion Timeframe:
|35 days after expiration date
|Registration System:
|Dispute Policy:
General Information
On October 8, 2015, in celebration of its first anniversary, the .NYC Registry will be making 16,674 of previously blocked .NYC Collision List domain names available for registration on a first-come, first-served basis.
Zone Info
.NYC is a new generic Top-Level-Domain (gTLD)
- Minimum: 3
- Maximum: 63
- Letters and numbers
- Hyphens ("-"), a hyphen may not begin or end a name, nor have two or more consecutive hyphens. No other special characters are permitted.
IDN Info
only Spanish for now.
Domain Registration
.NYC domains can be registered online through webinterface or API.
command = AddDomain
domain = yourdomain.nyc
period = 1
ownercontact0 = [owner handle]
admincontact0 = [admin contact]
techcontact0 = [tech contact]
billingcontact0 = [billing contact]
nameserver0 = [nameserver1]
nameserver1 = [nameserver2]
X-NYC-EXTCONTACT = OWNER | ADMIN | TECH | BILLING (optional)
Please note: After a successful registration of the domain, it will be transfer locked from the registry for a period of 60 days.
Would you like to have instant access to RRPproxy and more than 300 domain extensions? Sign-up here for free ...
Domain Modification
Registrant changes for .NYC domains can be done online via api or webinterface.
command = ModifyDomain
domain = yourdomain.nyc
ownercontact0 = [new owner handle]
Deletion Process
.NYC Domains can be deleted online through the Delete Command.
command = DeleteDomain
domain = yourdomain.nyc
.NYC Nexus Policy:
The City of New York desires to have only those individuals or entities having a substantive and lawful connection to the City be permitted to register for .NYC domain names ("Nexus Policy").
- Registrants in .NYC must be either:
- a natural person whose primary place of domicile is a valid physical address in the City of New York ("Nexus Category 1"); or
- an entity or organization that has a physical street address in the City of New York ("Nexus Category 2").
- The existence of a P.O. Box address in the City of New York shall not qualify for purposes of meeting the Nexus Policy.
Furthermore all other recommendations of the .NYC Nexus Policy need to be followed too.
.NYC Proxy Registration Policy:
.NYC does NOT allow use of proxy, private or anonymous domain name registrations.
.NYC transfers are possible. Upon successfully transferring a domain, it is automatically renewed for one year. The registration period is extended by one year.
Transfer procedure
- .NYC Transfers can either be done through the RRPproxy WebInterface or API.
command = TransferDomain
domain = domain.nyc
action = request
auth = .....
- After the transfer has been requested, our backend system sends a confirmation email to the Owner/Admin-C according to the WHOIS of the respective domain. In order to initiate the transfer successfully it is important, that this email is confirmed.
- After confirmation the transfer is initiated through the official registry and the losing registrar will receive the transfer request.
- The losing registrar will also send an email to the Owner/Admin-C. allowing him/her to deny the transfer. If you do not respond to the email of the losing registrar, then the transfer will get processed successfully after 5 days.
|If the Email-Address in the WHOIS is invalid, then the transfer cannot be processed.If this is the case, then kindly contact your current registrar and ask him to update the WHOIS information accordingly.
Transfer notes
- A .NYC Domain Transfer must be initiated with a so-called Authorisation Code, which can be obtained from the current registrar through the owner or Admin-C of the domain.
- Ensure that your respective domain does not have a lock-status (REGISTRAR-LOCK or HOLD). This can be seen in the WHOIS.
If the domain is locked, then the owner can demand that the domain will be unlocked.
- Please note that we are only allowed to initiate a gTLD transfer after confirmation of the "ICANN Form of Authorization" by the current registrant. The policies can be viewed under http://www.icann.org/transfers/
- After a successful transfer of the domain, it will be transfer locked from the registry for a period of 60 days.
Transfer Time
A transfer takes 5 days to complete.
Restores are possible within 30 days upon deletion. A restore can be done via API command or via webinterface.
command = restoredomain
domain = yourdomain.nyc