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Website:Shawna Yang Ryan
Office hours:T/W 11-12; by appt
Shawna Yang Ryan was born and raised in California. From 2006-2013, she taught at City College of San Francisco. First published in 2007 by El Leon Literary Arts under the title Locke 1928, her debut novel was re-issued by The Penguin Press as Water Ghosts in 2009. It was a San Francisco Chronicle Bestseller, the 2006 winner of the UC Davis Maurice Prize, a finalist for the 2008 Northern California Book Award, and long-listed for the 2010 Asian American Literary Award. Booklist called Water Ghosts "accomplished and affecting," while The Boston Globe has declared her "a writer to watch." Her short fiction has appeared in ZYZZYVA, The Asian American Literary Review, Kartika Review, and The Berkeley Fiction Review. Her second novel, GREEN ISLAND (Knopf 2016) received a starred review from Booklist ("absorbing and affecting"), was Penguin Random House International's first pick for their OneWorldOneBook program, an Amazon Best Book of February 2016, and an IndieNext Great Reads pick for March 2016.
PublicationsWater Ghosts (Penguin Press 2009) [formerly Locke 1928 from El Leon Literary Arts, 2007]; Green Island (Alfred A. Knopf 2016)
Areas of InterestFiction, Asian American literature, Taiwan history and politics
Awards2006 UC Davis Maurice Prize || 2008 Finalist Northern California Book Award || 2015 Elliot Cades Emerging Writer Award from the Hawai'i Literary Arts Council
EducationB.A. UC Berkeley M.A. UC Davis
Fall Semester 2017
- ENG-338: American Literature Since Mid-20th Century
- ENG-625D: Foundations of Creative Writing
Spring Semester 2017
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Fall Semester 2016
- ENG-338: American Lit Since Mid-20th C
- ENG-625D: Foundations of Creative Writing
Spring Semester 2016
- ENG-372: Asian American Literature
- ENG-414: Fiction Workshop
Fall Semester 2015
- ENG-313: Creative Writing: Between Genres
- ENG-716B: Techniques in Fiction


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A bird's eye view of Edgartown harbor on Martha's Vineyard.
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Tricia Rose: Creating Conversations on Justice
Tricia Rose might very well be the most important scholar of hip hop. Professor of Africana Studies at Brown University and author of Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America (a book I cannot recommend enough), she has completely changed the way most scholars today approach the subject, making intersectionality the modus operandi of hip hop analysis.
Rose is also an amazing speaker. In 2011, she gave a fantastic TEDx Talk titled "Creating Conversations on Justice"; it stands as an exemplary look at her intersectional, subversive, and enthralling approach to the analysis of pop culture.
TED as an organization is extremely problematic—virtually a propaganda arm of today's elite liberal, corporation-serving, "free"-market-loving technocrats—yet TEDx is slightly more bearable, and, these significant criticisms aside, TED has still managed to get some great people to present some great things.
My only criticism is I wish it were longer.
Highlights follow below (emphasis mine):
We have some work to do, in thinking about questions of community, and equality, and justice, and the various principles that we think are part of the democratic project.
We have work to do not so much in learning the facts–although, I will claim, we need a lot more facts to be learned–but in how to have the conversation, how to think about what it means to have a conversation that is difficult, that is painful, that deals with inequality, that makes people feel bad, and yucky, and anxious or angry and frustrated, and that how we talk about those issues is almost as important, maybe in some cases more important, than what we talk about in those moments.
Rose then explains how we can, how we must, have "these very difficult discussions," and address forms structural oppression and privilege, while maintaining a safe space.
As we're thinking about how to have these very difficult discussions, we all have to remember one thing, that we are both individuals and members of groups. This seems enormously basic … but it's actually very complicated to keep in your mind.
So we're members of groups. And every one of the groups in which we have membership have social histories and relationships. And those social histories and relationships connect to other people–sometimes well, sometimes not so well.
If we don't look at individuals as members of groups, and as unique individuals–I know we gotta keep reminding ourselves about that–if we don't remember the groups to which we belong, and to which other people we talk to belong, then we're not able to necessarily fully grasp what it means for them to be in the world in ways that is very different than us.
Without that attention to that group history–it doesn't mean that people have the exact relationship to that group history, but it does mean that they might share experiences based on that identity, whatever it be, whether it's class, race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, national origin, etc. That's just to name a few of the big ones.
Now, as we think about this group identity, we have to be informed, historically. So, a little asterisk here and a little plug for education, not necessarily in the classroom–in fact, much of it has to happen elsewhere–but we have to know about these groups of people; we can't just think we know, based on, you know, I don't know, what we saw on tv. …
We have to have a broader range of real, serious knowledge and investment.
The second thing: We have to be careful to do, as we have these conversations that I'm hoping are going to enable new and creative ideas for really ending systemic inequality–there will always be some, but systemic, reinforced inequality, we can fix that–second one is to have an honest conversation, even about the most painful, difficult elements.
This is very tough to do, because we're trained to speak about these things in euphemisms, especially in this historical moment, where saying certain things is almost as if you're acting it–if you say race, you're a racist; or if you mention there's gender oppression, you're somehow, you know, some radical, psychotic feminist who just wants to kill all men on Earth. …
And I wanna say, look, the best thing we can do is call is what it is, in the interest of creating as much community as we can, because, if we're not honest about whatever's happened, or what people are feeling, or what is taking place, we don't stand a chance of getting to the other side.


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How Many Elephants in a Blue Whale? Measuring What You Don't Know in Terms of What You Do
- Format: Paperback
- Copyright: 10/05/2010
- Publisher: Puzzlewright
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How much does a blue whale weigh? How big is big? Using visually dazzling equivalents,How Many Elephants in a Blue Whalemakes concepts like size, speed, and mass easy to grasp, and fun as well. Get the scoop on how many Eiffel Towers it takes to reach the top of Mount Everest and how fast a cheetah would have to run to outpace a Ferrarri. An irresistibly entertaining way to get a fix on how things in our world are related, this compendium is perfect for trivia lovers and those fascinated by popular science.


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Disclaimer: I don't own Sheridan and Delenn, I don't own B5, and I equally don't own the song lyrics that inspired this story and its title, which I first heard set to a YouTube J/D video, which made me cry.
Author's Note: I know, I know *huge, dramatic sigh*. I promised several of you a light, fluffy piece following The Really Big Story. But um. Then one day I was bored at work. Lighter stuff coming. Promise. Meanwhile, I followed this little (completely unexpected) plot bunny… set in Tuzanor, late 2280/early 2281, and we all know what that means. Tissues, anyone?
How do you prepare, when you love someone this way, to let them go a little more each day? – Beautiful, by Jennifer Paige
The Hurting at the End
It started with the dreams, or shortly thereafter – late-night confessions, long-kept secrets of the soul, crippling truths kept buried for years… bubbling to the surface. John Sheridan told himself the first time he did it that there was logic behind the insanity – if he hurt her, it would hurt less at the end, when he was gone… when she had to go on living, perhaps as much as a century, alone. If he could give her a reason to love him less, in the end, she would benefit.
Delenn, on the other hand, responded for her own reasons – to cling to life, to keep talking, as long as possible, to pretend that their life together was like Shaharazad – that if she continued to have things to tell him, it would never end, and they would never be apart.
In the end it didn't matter. It didn't work, for either of them.
He started it, without pretense or introduction. They made love, passionately, reverently, and as they were lying together in the darkness afterward, he spoke. "I cheated on Anna, once."
The harsh irony of the fact that Delenn lie naked in the arms of her husband as he confessed to unfaithfulness to his second wife did not escape her. She recoiled from him slightly – both at the confession, and at the name that hadn't been spoken in their home since they'd come to live on Minbar – but did not pull away completely. "Why?" she asked, her tone carefully neutral.
"I was stationed on Io. We hadn't been married long… I was there for years without her. I was… lonely. Young. Foolish."
She sighed, blinked against tears – why was this coming out, after all this time? And why now, when they had so precious little time left, however little they spoke of that reality? But she said nothing.
"A bunch of us went out to celebrate… Ivanova's promotion, actually, to full Lieutenant. I… had a few too many." He swallowed hard. "There was this redhead who looked just like Anna, at least through the alcoholic haze, and I…" Now it was his turn to sigh. "I never told her. Anna. By the next time I saw her again it… it didn't seem right."
Delenn remained silent for a long moment. "And me?" she said at last.
"No. For 20 years… before that, even… and for as long as I live… it has been only you."
More silence. Then, "We are neither of us the people we were before we met. Life and destiny changes everyone… some more than others." She resumed her place, comforting and familiar, pressed against him, closing any space between their naked bodies. And she held him tighter than before, unwilling to let go. "I could not love you any less if you had," she whispered.
And, holding each other through the night, they slept.
"I had begun the sleep-watching ritual once before."
Three weeks later, Delenn's confession filled the heavy silence in their bedchamber. John had awoken, suddenly and frightfully, sitting bolt upright in bed, sweaty, disoriented. The motion, and the loss of his warmth, had woken Delenn in turn. They didn't talk about it. They didn't need to. The dream was coming more often all the time. She knew.
They had fallen back together into a comforting embrace, and when John responded, he wasn't sure if his wife was still awake. "Anyone I know?" He didn't look at her, but he didn't pull away.
Now he did shift noticeably, breaking their contact to pull back and look into her eyes.
Delenn closed her eyes against his heartbreaking stare. She couldn't bear to see his pain any more than he had borne hers three weeks prior.
But then John was holding her again, his chin resting on her head, arms coming back around her. "You didn't finish."
"I was not comfortable with what I saw." She turned in to face him. "The courtship ended soon after. He always resented me for it, I think. But he also… always loved me."
"We… finished."
"Yes." She kissed his jaw, eyes closed, making a memory of the feel of him. "He could never reconcile the warrior and the priest within himself, until the end."
"But you loved me, even while I was still working that out."
"I love you, even as you are still working it out."
There was nothing more to say. They fell to silence, and then to sleep, and the book was closed on another day.
And so the exchange went - not every night, but with mounting frequency and intensity as the days clicked by. Their kisses became more passionate, their lovemaking more desperate, and with their words, they each dared the other, with increased ferocity, to back away, to leave, to run from the pain that was inevitably coming.
The dream came more frequently as well.
He had resented her, early in his tenure on Babylon 5, for launching the investigation into accusations that he had killed Levell in cold blood, and for her anger at the suggestion that Ashan had lied about what he had seen; he'd resented her even more for the lack of apology when he was proven innocent.
She had been angry with him after emerging from the chrysalis and learning about the incident with the Trigati. She had doubted, at least in part, his leadership ability for quite some time. She had called him Starkiller in her heart, if not aloud, for the first two months of his appointment.
They made love under the stars until dawn, and time slipped silently by.
She had been pregnant once before. Likely conceived the night of their Shan'Fal, she learned of it during his imprisonment and torture on Mars. By the time he had been rescued, she had miscarried.
He had told Dr. Franklin, and all doctors hence during the nearly 10 ½ Earth months that she'd carried David, to put her life before the baby's – even after she'd explicitly instructed him to put the child first.
David left to join the Anla'shok, and John said his first final goodbye.
She had fasted nearly to death in her grief over his fall at Z'ha'dum, and only an intervention by Dr. Franklin with one of John's journal entries professing, privately, the smallest seeds of love for her had pulled her from her despair. If not for that, John likely would have returned to find her dead.
During the Earth-Minbari War, after the infamous destruction of the Back Star, he had made a lesser known and much-regretted decision: He and the crew of the Lexington had been instrumental in the destruction of the civilian colony at Kartash 6, which was of little military value to either side, but where 5,000 Minbari men, women and children had been killed.
Letters went out to their friends. They both cried. It would be the last time they did so together.
And then, on the night before the arrival of all those they held dear, the night before the last night, Delenn offered her final confession. As she did so, her voice careful and measured, she knew her attempt to spin a never-ending conversation, to continue to have things of value to tell him, things he had to stay to hear, and so he would not leave, had failed. This was the greatest secret of her soul, stored away from him in the lowest, darkest corner, where no light could shine on it.
"I was a member of the Grey Council when we first encountered your race." As always during their moments of confession, the bedroom was bathed in darkness, the silence broken only by the voice of the sinner. "After Dukhat was killed… the council was divided, and I… Mine was the deciding vote. In rage, in senseless grief and madness… I cast my vote… I gave the order to start the war that nearly destroyed your world."
Several lifetimes could have passed in the silence that followed. John didn't move. Delenn barely breathed. When it was finally broken, his words, barely audible, lifted a burden from her shoulders that she had carried for over 30 years.
"I know."
She sat up beside him even as he remained flat on his back on the bed. Their eyes met, and he saw in hers the shock he had expected to see if this moment ever came. "How long?"
"Does it matter?"
Delenn didn't respond. She was frozen, her mind thinking back over all the time she had known her husband – before and after he'd assumed that title – trying to pinpoint how, and when, he had found out her most regrettable secret.
"If you hadn't… there would have been no reason for Babylon 5. If you hadn't… we never would have crossed paths. If you hadn't… who knows where we would be now?" He sat up beside her now and took her into his embrace. "I forgave you for this a long time ago, Delenn. And when… when I'm gone… as your years pass and your memories fade… make no mistake, and never forget – I love you without reproach. I begrudge you nothing. The future… is always born in pain. And we… we built quite a future, didn't we?" She nodded against his shoulder. "So, Satai Delenn." He cupped her face in his hands so he could gaze into her beautiful eyes as he used her old title, long forgotten and cast in shadow, now brought into the light again by his intonation. "Don't cry for my world, for your decisions, for your secrets or for me. Tomorrow our friends will come… and I want to hear your laughter, and I want to hear your wisdom, and I do not want to hear your regrets. Promise me." She said nothing, and he raised his eyebrows and waited.
"I promise." And she kissed him, long and passionate, until she had to pull back for breath.
They settled back into bed in comfortable, familiar silence.
And they fell asleep, holding one another all through the night, as the book closed on the night before the last night – leaving only the last night, when there would be no confessions, and there would be neither stringing along nor pushing away. There would be no attempt to dull the pain. Love endures. Faith manages. And there would be love, and there would be faith… but the last night would inevitably tumble into the very last day, which at this point was the future… and the future, they both knew, was always born in pain.


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Full Moon (Remus Lupin)Mar. 30th, 2013 09:56 pm
Title: Full Moon
Word Count: 178
Rating: G
Original/Fandom: Harry Potter
Pairings (if any): None
Warnings (Non-Con/Dub-Con etc): None
Disclaimer: Don't own 'em - not making any money off 'em. Dern it.
Notes: This is an experimental style for me.
Summary: Remus's feelings on the full moon


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ATP-binding cassette transporters couple ATP hydrolysis to substrate translocation through an alternating access mechanism, but the nature of the conformational changes in a transport cycle remains elusive. Previously we reported the structure of the maltose transporter MalFGK2 in an outward-facing conformation where the transmembrane (TM) helices outline a substrate-binding pocket open towards the periplasmic surface and ATP is poised for hydrolysis along the closed nucleotide-binding dimer interface. Here we report the structure of the nucleotide-free maltose transporter in which the substrate binding pocket is only accessible from the cytoplasm and the nucleotide-binding interface is open. Comparison of the same transporter crystallized in two different conformations reveals that alternating access involves rigid-body rotations of the TM subdomains that are coupled to the closure and opening of the nucleotide-binding domain interface. The comparison also reveals that point mutations enabling binding-protein independent transport line dynamic interfaces in the TM region.
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are ubiquitous membrane protein complexes that use the energy generated from ATP hydrolysis to transport substances across membranes (Davidson and Maloney, 2007; Higgins, 1992). The types of substrates transported by different members of the ABC superfamily are diverse, ranging from small ions to large polypeptides and polysaccharides (Davidson et al., 2008; Higgins, 1992). Most ABC transporters contain two transmembrane domains (TMDs) that form a pathway for substrates across the membrane and two cytosolic nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs) that bind and hydrolyze ATP. The molecular architecture of ABC transporters has been well established by X-ray crystallography (reviewed in (Hollenstein et al., 2007a; Oldham et al., 2008)). While the folds of the TMDs are diverse, those of the NBDs are highly conserved, containing a RecA-like and a helical subdomains (Oswald et al., 2006). The two NBDs form a head-to-tail dimer with two ATP molecules bound along the interface between the Walker A motif of one subunit and the signature LSGGQ motif of the second subunit (Hopfner et al., 2000; Smith et al., 2002). The nucleotide-binding dimer interface undergoes cycles of closing to hydrolyze ATP and opening to release products (Chen et al., 2003; Lu et al., 2005). In binding protein dependent importers, the homologous structures of BtuCD (Locher et al., 2002) and HI1470/1 (Pinkett et al., 2007) reveal a central cavity that is open to the periplasm (outward-facing) in one structure and open to the cytoplasm (inward-facing) in the other suggesting that substrate may cross the membrane through an alternating access mechanism (Jardetzky, 1966). The structures of the exporter MsbA in different conformations show large scale re-arrangements of both TMDs and NBDs that could alter the accessibility of a putative substrate-binding site in the TMDs from one side of the membrane to the other (Ward et al., 2007). Because the structures of exporters differ significantly from those of importers, it is not yet clear whether nucleotide-induced conformational changes in the NBDs will trigger the same or different movements of the transmembrane (TM) helices in these two classes of ABC transporters.
Using the maltose transport system as a prototype, we have proposed a model (Chen et al., 2001; Oldham et al., 2007) in which the transporter "rests" with or without ATP bound in an inward-facing conformation with the NBDs open (the resting state). Interactions with the maltose-binding protein (MBP) in the presence of maltose and ATP stimulate the ATPase activity of the transporter by promoting a concerted set of conformational changes in which the NBDs close and the TMDs reorient to receive the substrate from MBP. Previously, we reported the structure of this outward-facing "catalytic intermediate" state using a mutation that prevented ATP hydrolysis (Oldham et al., 2007). Here we describe an inward-facing structure of MalFGK2 that likely represents the resting state. Comparison of the two structures of the same transporter provides insights into the molecular details of an alternating access mechanism for ABC importers, which apparently is distinct from that observed in MsbA (Ward et al., 2007).
The maltose-binding protein MBP stimulates the ATPase activity of MalFGK2 by stabilizing the transition state for ATP hydrolysis (Chen et al., 2001). Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), we recently showed that the NBD interface is open in the absence of nucleotide and that closure of the NBD interface requires not only the binding of ATP, but also the binding of MBP to the intact transporter (Orelle et al., 2008). Consistent with this data, all of the transporters crystallized without nucleotides display an open NBD interface (Gerber et al., 2008; Hollenstein et al., 2007b; Hvorup et al., 2007; Kadaba et al., 2008; Locher et al., 2002; Pinkett et al., 2007) and the substrate translocation pathway of all, with the exception of BtuCD (Hvorup et al., 2007; Locher et al., 2002), face the cytoplasm.
To obtain a structure of MalFGK2 in the inward-facing conformation, crystallization trials were performed in the absence of nucleotide and MBP. Multiple constructs were tested in an effort to obtain a high resolution structure, though without success, including replacement of large loops with short linkers, deletion of flexible loops, and reduction in surface entropy through amino acid substitution (Goldschmidt et al., 2007). Constructs devoid of the first 1 or 2 TM helices in MalF were also tested since these helices are present in only a subset of maltose transporter homologues (Ehrmann et al., 1998), and, are less ordered in the structure of the outward-facing MalFGK2 transporter (Oldham et al., 2007). The best crystals, obtained using a construct (ΔTM1) lacking residues 2-35, the first TM helix of MalF, diffracted to 4.5 Å along c* and 6.5 Å along a* (Supplementary Fig. 1, Tables 1-2). It has been shown that deletion of residues 2-34 of MalF has little effect on maltose uptake (Ehrmann and Beckwith, 1991). Consistently, our ΔTM1 transporter supports maltose update in vivo and displays a MBP-stimulated ATPase activity comparable to that of the wild type (Fig. 1). The structure of ΔTM1 was determined by a combination of selenomethionine (SeMet) MAD phasing and molecular replacement (Supplementary Table 1). The TM helices from the 2.8 Å outward-facing structure were placed individually into the experimental density map (Supplementary Fig. 2), and the registry was verified by the positions of 39 selenium atoms (Supplementary Fig. 3). The structure was refined with strict non-crystallographic symmetry (NCS) and tight secondary structure restraints. The final model does not contain the P2 loop of MalF, as the density for most of this loop is not interpretable (Supplementary Fig. 2).
This new structure (Fig. 2A) is clearly distinct from the outward-facing conformation of MBP-MalFGK2 (Fig. 2B) and displays many of the features anticipated for the resting state transporter. First, the nucleotide-binding interface between the MalK subunits is open rather than closed. Second, TM helices of MalF and MalG are separated in the membrane inner leaflet, generating an aqueous channel that exposes the previously identified maltose-binding site to the cytoplasm. Finally, MalF and MalG are packed together in the outer leaflet, shielding the maltose-binding site from the periplasm. Comparison of the two structures shows that all domain interactions have changed, with the exception of the MalK regulatory domains, where the dimer contacts are maintained. Transition between the two conformations leads to alternation in access for maltose, from one side of the membrane to the other (Fig. 2).
To analyze the nature of the conformational changes, each TM subunit is divided into two regions: a core region consisting of the central four helices (TM 2-5 in MalG and TM 4-7 in MalF) and a peripheral region containing helices surrounding the core (Fig. 3A). Similar to the outward-facing structure (Oldham et al., 2007), the core regions of MalF and MalG are related by a pseudo-two-fold symmetry along an axis perpendicular to the membrane bilayer. The helices are arranged in an intertwining configuration in which the peripheral helices of MalG (TM1 and TM6) contact the MalF core and the peripheral helices of MalF pack against the MalG core (Fig. 3A). Superposition of MalG or MalF individually from the two structures (Fig. 3B) shows that the structures of the cores are maintained as rigid-bodies during the switch from inward- to outward-facing conformations (RMSDs < 1.0 Å, Supplementary Table 3). The maltose-binding site, identified in the structure of MBP-MalFGK2 (Oldham et al., 2007), is comprised of 10 residues from 3 different helices of MalF (Fig. 3B). In the inward-facing conformation, access to this binding site from the periplasm is obstructed by a hydrophobic "gate" composed of four loops, each at the bend of a kinked TM helix (Fig. 3C). A similar gating architecture is observed in another ABC transporter ModB2C2A (Hollenstein et al., 2007b), even though the primary sequences of the gating regions are quite different. In contrast to the periplasmic gate, the barrier between the maltose-binding site and the cytoplasm in the outward-facing conformation is much larger, with a bundle of four TM helices lying directly beneath the maltose (Fig. 3D).
Using the MalK regulatory domains as a frame of reference, transition from the inward-to the outward-facing structure is achieved by a 22° rotation of the MalF core and a 23° rotation of the MalG core, accompanied by ~4 Å of translation along the rotational axes (Fig. 3E, Supplementary Table 3 and movie 1). The two rotation axes for MalF and MalG are nearly orthogonal, both approximately 45° to the membrane plane. Rotations of both subunits simultaneously open the central pore at the periplasmic side and close it on the cytosolic side. An alternate way to visualize the conformational change is to divide the TM region into two blocks, each consisting of the four core TM helices of one subunit together with the peripheral helices of the other subunit (Fig. 3A). TM1 and TM6 of MalG move together with the MalF core and similarly, TM2, TM3 and TM8 of MalF shift to accommodate movement of the MalG core. Alternating exposure of the substrate-binding site to either side of the membrane is achieved by rotating these two blocks relative to each other.
Conformational changes occurring in the MalK subunits can also be described as rigid-body rotations. In the resting state, the NBDs are separated with the Walker A motif of one monomer facing the LSGGQ loop of the opposite monomer (Fig. 4A). The extent of the separation in this structure, compatible with distance measurements by EPR (Orelle et al., 2008), falls in between those of the semi-open and open structures of isolated MalK crystallized in the absence of nucleotide (Chen et al., 2003). Similar to the "tweezers-like" motion described for isolated MalK (Chen et al., 2003), transition to the closed dimer (Fig. 4B) would involve both a symmetrical rotation of the two entire NBDs by 14° (Fig. 4C and Supplementary Table 3) and an additional rotation of the helical subdomains within each NBD by 12° and 8°. The apparent asymmetry in position of the helical subdomains in the inward-facing conformation may simply be due to the fact that one of them is involved in crystal packing.
Taken together, the transition between the inward- and outward- facing conformations of the maltose transporter can be described as concerted motions of the TM helical cores and the NBDs (Fig. 5 and Supplementary Movies 1-2). Presumably, conformational changes in the ATPase subunits are coupled to movements of the transmembrane subunits via their interface. The connection between the TMD and the NBD is reminiscent of a ball-and-socket joint, with the helix containing the EAA motif (Dassa and Hofnung, 1985), also known as the coupling helix (Hollenstein et al., 2007b), docked into a cleft on the surface of MalK (Fig. 6). The structures of both the surface cleft and the coupling helix are similar among all ABC transporters, suggesting a common mechanism of coupling motions of NBD to the TM domains (Davidson et al., 2008; Hollenstein et al., 2007a). Van der Waals interactions predominate at this interface (Oldham et al., 2007), which may be important to allow movements of the "joint" during structural transitions. When the MalK RecA-like subdomains are superimposed, the coupling helix, along with the TM helical core, rotates about 30° during the outward/inward transition (Fig. 6). The helical subdomain, which makes up one side of the cleft, also rotates to accommodate the motion of the coupling helix (Fig. 6). In the absence of the γ-phosphate of ATP, the relative orientation of the helical subdomain varies significantly among structures of isolated NBDs and intact transporters. When structures of ATP-bound forms are compared, the orientations of the helical subdomains are essentially the same, indicating that the γ-phosphate stabilizes the helical subdomain in one orientation (Davidson and Chen, 2004). Possible roles of the helical subdomain rotation in sensing the γ-phosphate or releasing ADP have been discussed, primarily in the context of isolated NBDs (Davidson and Chen, 2004; Gaudet and Wiley, 2001; Karpowich et al., 2001). The structures of the maltose transporter show that at the NBD/TMD interface, the rotation of the helical subdomain adjusts the "socket", permitting movement of the TMD relative to the NBD without disrupting the tight association of the two subunits.
In binding protein-dependent ABC importers, the binding protein is required to deliver substrate to the transporter and to stimulate ATPase activity (Davidson et al., 1992). However, mutant forms of the maltose transporter have been identified that have gained the ability to hydrolyze ATP in the absence of MBP and maintained specificity for maltose (Covitz et al., 1994; Treptow and Shuman, 1985). The mutations lie at sites of interaction that are altered in the inward/outward transition (Fig 7A). All binding-protein independent (BPI) mutants contain alterations in regions proximal to the periplasmic gate (Covitz et al., 1994; Treptow and Shuman, 1985), including residues 334-338 of MalF (originally designated as the p-site) (Covitz et al., 1994) and L135 of MalG. In the resting state, the p-site interacts with a short helix preceding the MalG P3 (the "scoop") loop (Fig. 7B). In the transition state, this helix is partially released from MalF and the adjacent P3 loop inserts into the MBP substrate-binding site (Oldham et al., 2007). The MBP-independent alleles that do not have a p-site mutation invariably have a mutation in MalG, either L135F or L135H. In the resting state, L135 is within Van der Waals distance of the MalF P4 loop, and, in the transition state this contact is eliminated as MalG rotates into its new position (Fig. 7C). The two helices containing L135 and the p-site, respectively, are related by the pseudo-two fold symmetry (Fig. 7A). Apparently, alterations in these two regions destabilize contacts between MalF and MalG at the periplasmic surface in the resting state, facilitating the transition to the outward-facing conformation without the assistance of MBP. Most BPI mutants contain a second mutation located elsewhere in the TM subunits (Fig. 7A). The structural roles of these second-site mutations are not always as obvious as the first mutations; however, one of them, V442A of MalF, alters a periplasmic gating residue. In the inward-facing state, V442 forms van der Waals interactions with V230 of MalG (Fig. 7D) and the V442A mutation would destabilize the gate. Possibly the MBP-independent mutations lower the energy barrier between the two conformations, facilitating their inter-conversion without the necessity of the binding protein. In fact, preliminary evidence suggests that some of the BPI mutants may rest in a conformational state that is closer to the transition state than the resting state of the wild-type transporter (Daus et al., 2006; Hall et al., 1997; Mannering et al., 2001).
The task of an ABC transporter is to harness the energy of ATP hydrolysis for mechanical work, and this is achieved through conformational coupling within the protein complex. In this study, we directly compare the inward- and outward- facing structures of the maltose transporter and show that alternating access is achieved by concerted rigid-body rotations. In addition, specific features of the transporter likely ensure that maltose is shuttled through the translocation pathway as ATP is hydrolyzed. Structural (Hollenstein et al., 2007b) and biochemical (Austermuhle et al., 2004) data indicate that substrate-loaded binding proteins bind to resting state transporters in the closed conformation. In the structure of the catalytic intermediate state poised for ATP hydrolysis (Oldham et al., 2007), one maltose molecule is occluded in a 6500 Å3 cavity formed between the open MBP and MalFGK2. The local concentration of maltose is approximately 250 mM, high enough to saturate the binding site in the TMDs, which has an estimated affinity of 1 mM, based on the Km for transport in a BPI mutant (Treptow and Shuman, 1985). Because the maltose-binding site in MBP is partially occupied by the scoop loop (Oldham et al., 2007), in this intermediate state maltose would progress from the binding site in MBP to the transmembrane subunits. Following ATP hydrolysis, the outward-facing intermediate is no longer stable and the transporter returns to the resting state. This transition not only alternates access of the binding site (Fig. 2), but also eliminates the occluded state, effectively diluting the maltose concentration and thereby promoting dissociation into the cytoplasm. Higher resolution structures of the inward-facing conformation in the future will address, among other things, whether or not there are local conformational changes accompanying the rigid-body rotations that more actively promote substrate release.
In comparison with other ABC transporters, the substrate translocation pathway observed in the inward-facing maltose transporter is of a similar size to that of the resting state molybdate transporter (Hollenstein et al., 2007b) (Supplementary Fig. 4A), but smaller than those of the methionine (Kadaba et al., 2008) and the molybdate (Gerber et al., 2008) transporters in the "trans-inhibited" state (not shown). As noted before (Kadaba et al., 2008), despite the differences in their sequences and conformational states, the TM core of the maltose, molybdate, and methionine transporters share a common fold (Supplementary Fig. 4B). The fact that the TM cores of the outward-facing and the inward-facing structures are super-imposable suggests that the rigid-body rotations observed in the maltose system and their mechanistic implications of substrate release may well apply to other ABC transporters in which the TM core is conserved.
The nature of the conformational changes in the maltose system differs significantly from those proposed for MsbA (Ward et al., 2007). The transition from the open-apo MsbA to the AMPPNP-bound form involves two motions, gleaned from comparison of three different structures of MsbA. The first is a hinge rotation to bring the NBDs closer, resulting in a closed-apo configuration in which the two Walker A motifs are aligned across the dimer interface. The second motion slides the two NBDs into alignment, bringing Walker A motif of one monomer into proximity to the LSGGQ of the other monomer. The sliding motion, not seen in the maltose transporter, is coupled to the re-orientation of the membrane-spanning helices and consequently the putative substrate-translocation pathway (Ward et al., 2007).
The prevailing model for all active transporters involves alternating access, in which the transporter alternates between an inward-facing conformation with the substrate translocation pathway open to the cytoplasm and an outward-facing conformation with the translocation pathway open to the opposite side (Jardetzky, 1966). As transporters fall into many different families and structural studies have revealed a great diversity in their architecture, the details of how alternating access is achieved may vary. For example, structural comparison of the neurotransmitter transporter LeuT (Singh et al., 2008; Yamashita et al., 2005) and the sodium/galactose symporter vSGLT (Faham et al., 2008) suggests that local rearrangements of several membrane-spanning helices contribute to alternating access (Faham et al., 2008; Singh et al., 2008). In this study, the two structures of the maltose transporter show that alternating access is achieved by global re-arrangements of the transmembrane subunits, a mechanism similar to the "rocker-switch" motion proposed for members of the major facilitator superfamily (Abramson et al., 2003; Huang et al., 2003).
Plasmid pFG26 is a variant of pFG23 (Davidson and Nikaido, JBC, 1990) in which sequences downstream of MalF/MalG have been deleted (Supplementary Fig 5). PCR fragment encoding MalF residues 36-514 (ΔTM1) and full-length MalG was cloned into pFG26 at the NcoI and HindIII sites to replace the full-length malFG gene. The resulting plasmid, pFG27, was cotransformed with pKJ, which encodes a C-terminal His-tagged MalK, and pMS421, which encodes LacIq, into the HN741 host strain (Davidson and Nikaido, 1991) for expression of MalFGK2. Protein expression and purification were carried out essentially as described earlier (Oldham et al., 2007). Briefly, the E. coli membrane at a protein concentration of 5 mg/ml was resuspended in buffer containing 20 mM Tris pH 8.0, 5mM MgCl2, 10% glycerol, and 0.3% n-Dodecyl-β-D-Maltopyranoside (DDM, Anatrace). Extracted MalFGK2 was purified on cobalt-affinity resin (Clontech) followed by size-exclusion chromatography (Superdex 200, GE Healthcare) in buffer containing 20 mM Tris pH 8.0, 50 mM NaCl and 0.03% n-Undecyl-β-D-Maltopyranoside (UDM, Anatrace). The selenomethionine-labeled transporter was purified similarly except for the addition of 5mM 2-mercaptoethanol and 5mM DTT to the affinity and gel filtration buffers, respectively. Protein was concentrated to 11 mg/ml (Ultra-5 MWCO 100K, Millipore) in the presence of 0.06% UDM prior to crystallization.
MalFGK2 (wild-type or ΔTM1) were reconstituted into proteoliposomes at a lipid-to-protein ratio (mg/mg) of 100:1 as described (Orelle et al., 2008). Briefly, L-α-phosphatidylcholine (Sigma; P5638) at 50 mg/ml in 20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8 was sonicated to clarity and mixed with 1.35% of octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside for 10 minutes at room temperature. Then, protein at 1.3 mg/ml was added to the mixture and the sample was incubated on ice for 10 minutes. Proteoliposomes were obtained by fast dilution (35 fold) into the ATPase reaction mixture containing 50 mM Hepes/KOH pH 8, 10 mM MgCl2, 4 mM phospho-enol pyruvate, 60 μg/mL pyruvate kinase, 32 μg/mL lactate dehydrogenase, 0.3 Mm NADH, 1.6 mM ATP, in presence or absence of 140 μM maltose and 3 μM MBP. ATP hydrolysis was monitored for 10 minutes at 22°C using a spectrophotometric coupled assay (Scharschmidt et al., 1979).
The plasmids (pFG23, pFG27, or a negative control) were used to transform E. coli strain AD110 (Δ(lac pro) supE thi malFTn10 F'traD36 proAB lacIq ZΔM15). AD110 is a derivative of JM101 with a Tn10 insertion inactivating the chromosomal malF gene. Cells were then plated on MacConkey agar (Difco) containing 1% maltose and 100 μg/mL ampicillin (Miller, 1972). If plasmid-encoded MalF mutants are functional in transport, colonies will be red after overnight incubation at 37° C.
Crystals were grown by mixing at a 2:1 ratio protein and the reservoir solution containing 11.5% PEG 4000, 0.1M N-(2-Acetamido)iminodiacetic Acid (ADA) pH 6.5, 0.1M NaCl and 0.1M Li2SO4. At 20°C in sitting drops, crystals appeared after 24 hours and reached maximum size in about one week. Before data collection, crystals were transferred to a cryosolvent containing the reservoir solution along with 16% ethylene glycol and flash frozen in liquid nitrogen.
X-ray diffraction data were collected at the Advanced Photon Source GM/CA CAT at 100 K. Diffraction images were processed and scaled with HKL2000 (Otwinowski and Minor, 1997). The structures of isolated MalK dimer (PDB accession numbers 1Q1E or 1Q1B) were used as search models for molecular replacement. Although both models produced clear solutions, the resulting maps for the transmembrane subunits were difficult to interpret. The molecular replacement phase was used to calculate an anomalous-difference Fourier map, using diffraction data measured from selenomethionine-substituted MalFGK2 at the selenium peak wavelength (Supplementary Table 1). Contoured at 2.5σ, 77 out of 90 selenium positions in the asymmetric unit were located. The selenium substructure was refined in SHARP (Abrahams and Leslie, 1996) and the experimental phase was improved by density modification and phase extension to 4.5 Å. The transmembrane helices defined in the 2.8 Å structure of MBP-MalFGK2 (PDB accession number 2R6G) were placed into the experimental density map manually, guided by the selenium positions. The atomic model and the experimental phase were improved by an iterative loop involving model-building, refinement of selenium substructure, phase combination, and model refinement. Model was built in COOT (Emsley and Cowtan, 2004) and refined in CNS (Brunger, 2007) using the MLHL target with strict non-crystallographic symmetry restraints. Distance restraints to maintain main-chain hydrogen bonds in α-helices and β-sheets obtained from the WHAT IF server (Hooft et al., 1996) were imposed during the refinement.
Domain movements were analyzed by DynDom (Hayward and Berendsen, 1998). All figures were prepared using the program PyMOL (DeLano Scientific, CA).
We thank the staff at the Advanced Photon Source GM/CA CAT for assistance with data collection. We also thank Dr. Paul Paukstelis for help with distance restraints, Frances J. Alvarez for performing the MacConkey plate assay, Drs. Barbara Golden and Dinesh Yernool for discussions, and the Purdue Cancer Center for X-ray and DNA sequencing facilities. This work was supported by NIH grants (J.C. and A.L.D.) and a postdoctoral fellowship from American Heart Association (M.L.O). Coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession number 3FH6.
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Wylie LakeFest will feature food, donated by local Lake Wylie restaurants, including Christopher's and Q2U BBQ PIT, Hogzilla NC BBQ in Gastonia, beverages, including beer and wine, and entertainment by Agape DJ. Additional restaurants will be announced soon. Additionally, a silent auction, featuring items donated from local business, will be held. Tickets can be purchased for $25.00 in advance and $30.00 at the door, while active armed services personnel and first responders are entitled to a 2-for-1 special.


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VNC Remote Control Software (Part 2) >>
Remotely controlling another PC means working on a computer from home or abroad and using its resources (programs, printer, data, email) just as if you were sitting in front of it. Because only keyboard, mouse and screen change information is transferred, even a slow modem connection is sufficient to get acceptable response times. With internet access being available almost everywhere, remote control has become increasingly popular, with new and interesting solutions appearing almost weekly. The main application areas are:
If you can access the PC to be controlled directly via TCP/IP across a local area network (LAN), you need to know its IP address and password to access and control it. If there is a firewall between you and your remote PC, things become complicated and challenging, however. In order to work through a firewall, it must either be manually opened for a specific PC and Software, or you must use one of the special web services, designed to propagate firewalls via HTTP. Currently almost all remote control solutions use proprietary protocols, so they are not compatible with another, the might not even coexist on the same PC!
Here is a list of some popular remote control solutions and related tools with a short description of their features.
Open Source tool to make and maintain a stable SSH connection via an SSH server to any PC located behind a firewall. This secure connection may then be used to run remote control software, such as VNC, or any other TCP/IP port-oriented application from the outside, effectively tunnelling firewalls and NAT routers in between. CallingHome requires MS.Net Framework, which limits its usefulness considerably.
By far the best solution to access your PC at work (or at home) from anywhere, even if there are firewalls between them. Installation and operation is very easy, but you should ask IT management if they allow operating this software. This service is licensed with monthly fees.
New solutilon, where customers can initiate a product demonstration or a support session by clicking on a web site button. Software is to be bought or rented by organizations who want to offer this service to their customers. Includes case and contact tracking features.
Well known commercial remote control software, especially well suited for classroom use.
Customers can initiate a product demonstration, advice or a support session by clicking on a web site button. Software is to be bought or rented by organizations who want to offer this service to their customers.
NX Server
Commercial thin client solution für Linux / Solaris servers and a free NX client für Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, und Playstation 2. The software promises to rival basic Citrix features at a fraction of the price. Features include strong SSL encryption, good performance even over slow data links, local printing and an embedded Gateway to VNC und RDP / Terminal Servers at the server side. There is also an interesting open source initiative to develop a free alternative NX Server version called FreeNX..
One of the most popular and most expensive commercial remote control software packages available. With more than 100 MB in size and legendary compatibility problems in the past, this might be considered overkill unless you definitely need one of it´s unique features. If you are looking for a non-intrusive solution, this will not be your choice.
Terminal Server/ Remotedesktop
Microsoft´s offering, also known as Terminal Services. It is by far the best solution for tele-working and centralized delivery of applications. As with most Microsoft products, you are firmly tied to the Windows platform. The host software is already included in in Windows XP (single session) and Windows Server 2003 (true terminal services). Several companies, such as Citrix, are offering enhancements or alternatives to this product. Licensing is complicated and not cheap but it is definitely worth evaluating. New XP SP2 RDP Client für Win95, Win86, ME, NT4 und Win2000 can be downloaded here. Visit Brian Madden´s site for the best in-depth and unbiased information about terminal server technology and products.
Remotely Anywhere
Compact but feature-rich remote control solution via web browser. It supports remote printing, file transfer and synchronization, SSL security and logging features.
VNC family
This is by far the most popular free remote control tool family, most suited for technical administration and support. It is non-intrusive, runs on almost any operation system, including many almost forgotten platforms and is fully compatible across all platforms and versions. VNC is less suited for teleworking, because remote printing and file transfer are lacking. Popular flavors are RealVNC, tightVNC and UltraVNC (in our opinion currently the best) more...
VNC Remote Control Software (Part 2) >>
What is my IP Address? - Anonymous surfing, remote control and security issues - © 2017 GEOTEK IT Consulting


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Frommer's 500 Places to See Before They Disappear
Holly Hughes
500 thoughtfully selected treasures that would encourage and enlighten tourists of all ages
This ebook allows passionate tourists and the eco-conscious to profit approximately and plan a trip to work out infrequent cultural, old, and traditional locations prior to they're irrevocably altered or maybe long gone endlessly. incorporated are unique landscapes, fragile ecosystems, infrequent chicken habitats, areas to determine the final closing species of huge video game within the wild, cityscapes at risk, vanishing cultural kitsch, petroglyphs, and extra. This Second Edition deals new reports and updates on such subject matters because the Gulf Coast after the BP oil spill, the results of earthquakes in Asia and Haiti, and enhancements and development within the struggle to maintain threatened places.
Yellowstone nationwide Park A Grizzly Scene Northwest Wyoming at the Yellowstone rangers' fear record: harm from snowmobiles, lake trout stealing habitat from cutthroat trout, elk herds decimated by means of predators—and now pine beetle infestation, of important obstacle to a park that's eighty% woodland. Let's get something directly: this isn't Jellystone Park, and people bears should not cute Yogi and Boo-Boo. convey a telephoto lens, or not less than a couple of binoculars, since you don't are looking to.
Jan. The Valley of the Vizérè: Les Eyzies vacationer workplace, 19 rue de l. a. Préhistoire ( 33/5/53-06-97-05; www.leseyzies.com). Condat-Le-Lardin (The Caves of Lascaux) or Les Eyzies (The Valley of the Vizérè) $$ lodge Le Relais du Soleil d'Or, sixteen rue du 4-Septembre, Montignac ( 33/5/53-51-80-22; www.le-soleil-dor.com), closed Feb. $$$ inn Les Glycines, Rte. De Périgueux, Les Eyzies-Tayac-Sireuil ( 33/5/53-06-97-07; www.les-glycines-dordogne.com). Cave Dwellers 268 Altamira Cave.
Shakespeare's tragic Moor, supposedly a Venetian commander in Cyprus—but that nickname dates basically to the overdue nineteenth century, whilst Shakespeare's British countrymen occupied Cyprus. filled inside its medieval ramparts, the interior urban is a haphazard mixture of sleek structures and poorly maintained old relics. The pointed arches of 14th-century Gothic church buildings upward thrust above rubble, lines of wall work fading away on uncovered interiors. (The derelict partitions of St. George's Latin church even game a.
Island nationwide Park (www.environment.gov.au/parks/christmas) because the Nineteen Eighties. Christmas Island boasts a good number of natural world that are meant to be protected—some of the bizarre natural world that may be considered right here comprises boobies and the Christmas Island frigate chicken at Margaret Knoll, and infrequent sea turtles at Dolly seashore. however the island's largest stars, recognized for his or her miraculous breeding ritual, are purple crabs. each year, at the beginning of the rainy season, greater than a hundred million of them trip.
Warblers and different songbirds. Photographers find a smooth wealth of Appalachian wildflowers—yellow and red lady's slippers, showy orchids, white fringeless orchids, white nodding trilliums, Cumberland rosinweeds, bloodroots, Dutchman's-breeches, and the infrequent limerock arrowwood. the acquisition got here simply in time. the higher Paint Rock River—which is shaped via the gorge's storm Creek merging with the Estil Fork—is one of many southeast's previous couple of huge watersheds that remains intact and.


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On June 13th, 14th, and 15th, 2017 the Tax Justice Network will be taking part in an important conference of people coming together in Bogotá to discuss the little-understood and under-reported impacts of political decisions on taxation and financial secrecy on women and girls around the world. Tax … [Read more...]
Tax Justice and Women's Rights, global days of action are coming
The Tax Justice Network is supporting global partners in highlighting the impact of regressive tax policies and financial secrecy on women's fundamental human rights, something we campaign on and write about. Here's some information about the #TaxJustice for Women's Rights Global Days of Action. The … [Read more...]
Ownership Avoidance, the Great Escape in the Tax Justice Network December 2016 Podcast
In our December 2016 Taxcast: In trusts we trust? We look at the new game in town: beneficial ownership avoidance, the booming industry in alternative escape vehicles from public registers and why we must shine the spotlight on all of them. Plus: we discuss two big stories we think will define … [Read more...]
UN criticises Switzerland and pressure mounts over human rights impacts of tax havens
We've reported before on this blog on the groundbreaking situation whereby Switzerland—ranked number one in the Tax Justice Network's Financial Secrecy Index - faced tough questions from a U.N. human rights body in Geneva over the toll that its tax and financial secrecy policies take on women's … [Read more...]
Women, tax and equality: yet again, the burden is disproportionately borne by women
The impacts on gender of tax and spending decisions made by governments although important are often little understood by decision makers. As the UK government sets out its autumn statement the Women's Budget Group is seeking to promote understanding of this issue. … [Read more...]
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M/s. Ratilal Bhagwandas Construction Co. Pvt. Ltd. Vs ITO (OSD) (ITAT Pune) -
DCIT Vs ThyssenKrupp Electrical Steel India Pvt. Ltd. (ITAT Pune) -
Prathamik Shikshak Sahakari Bank Ltd Vs ACIT, (ITAT Pune) -
Cummins Turbo Technologies Ltd. Vs DCIT (ITAT Pune) -
ito (Exemption), Vs Progressive Education Society, (ITAT Pune) -
Vodafone Cellular Limited Vs. Additional Commissioner of Income Tax, TDS Range (ITAT Pune) -
Gajanan Constructions, Prop. Gorakhnath Katkar v DCIT, CPC (TDS) [ITAT Pune] -
Shri Paresh Pritamlal Mehta Vs Income Tax Officer, (ITAT Pune) -
DCIT Vs M/s. Tapadia & Kasliwal Associates (ITAT Pune) -
The ACIT Vs M/s. Ambarwadikar & Co., Engineers & Contractors (ITAT Pune) -


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Are you ready to take your GED exam in Seymour MO? The General Education Development (GED) examination is only offered in pencil and paper format. Typically in order to sit for the GED test the student must be older than 17 years old. The GED testing cost in the state of Missouri ranges from $40 to $90.
The General Education Development (GED) examination consists of five topics: reading, writing, math, science and social studies. Each section of the test awards a score between 200 and 800. Most states require students to receive a score of 410 on each of the five topics and an overall average of 450 for the GED exam to pass.
Numerous GED testing in Seymour MO is offered at:
- Seymour High Schools
- Seymour Community Colleges
- Seymour Independent School District
- Seymour Adult Education Centers


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ZipKord 3503535 3.5mm Stereo Aux CableItem#: 8617544 | Model#: 3503535
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All Products › Scrapbooking and Paper Crafts › Scrapbook Papers
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We offer a wide variety of scrapbook papers, scrapbook kits plus a huge gallery of FREE scrapbook layouts & techniques! We offer top-rated scrapbooking papers in lots of sizes, colors, patterns, themes, single sheets and cohesive collections taking out all the guesswork and making it simple to create fabulous scrapbook layouts! The hardest part will be choosing your favorite! Do you need a little inspiration? Be sure to cruise over to our Project Gallery to view hundreds of scrapbooking ideas or join Paulette & Gail for a weekly FREE webisode, as they feature tips, tricks and tons of inspiration!


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2+2 Makes its Way to Turkish Newspaper Hürriyet's Campus Edition
by Mezun Group
Leading Turkish newspaper Hürriyet's special Campus insert featured full-page coverage of the May 3rd 2014 2+2 Seminars, co-organized by Mezun and the Center for Global Advancement of Community Colleges (CGACC), and sponsored by CGACC. You can see the full story (in Turkish) below.
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13 Dec 2016 - Media Coverage


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Tenor Kaufmann goes it alone in Mahler's 'Lied von der Erde'
Jonas Kaufmann, "Das Lied von der Erde" (Sony Classical)
Placido Domingo sang it with Bo Skovhus. Fritz Wunderlich with Christa Ludwig. And now Jonas Kaufmann with. Jonas Kaufmann!
Gustav Mahler wrote "Das Lied von der Erde" ("The Song of the Earth") in 1908-9 as an orchestral setting of six songs adapted from ancient Chinese poems. The Austrian composer intended the vocal parts to be taken by a tenor and mezzo-soprano (or tenor and baritone), alternating throughout the hour-long piece.
Dozens of distinguished artists have teamed up for recordings over the years. But apparently never did one singer see fit to take on both vocal parts himself.
Until Kaufmann.
"During performances I've often wondered why one needs two singers," the German tenor remarks in the album notes. Also, he confessed, "I'm so fond of the songs for lower voice that I get very jealous when listening to my baritone or mezzo colleagues."
From some singers this might sound like a frivolous ego trip, but not with a consummate artist like Kaufmann. Just as one would expect, his singing on this album is beautiful and at times deeply moving. The tenor throws himself energetically into the strenuous exertions of the opening drinking song, and summons a melting tenderness for the extended closing song, "Der Abschied" ("The Farewell") with its haunting final repetitions of the word "ewig' ("forever.")
Yet there's an inevitable lack of vocal contrast from song to song that keeps the work from realizing its full, shattering potential. Kaufmann's voice has darkened somewhat over the years, so that in the tenor songs he sounds almost baritonal (though the requisite high notes are hardly stinted), while in the other songs he lacks the depth of resonance that baritones bring.
All in all, an interesting experiment but not one likely to be repeated anytime soon or to take the place of other, more traditional versions.
The Vienna Philharmonic is conducted by Jonathan Nott.
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Understanding Common Core State Standards
- Format: Paperback
- Copyright: 07/30/2011
- Publisher: Assn for Supervision & Curriculum
Note: Not guaranteed to come with supplemental materials (access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.)
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In June 2010, the Common Core State Standards Initiative released Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects and Common Core State Standards for Mathematics. The goal of these shared national standards? To identify for all stakeholders the knowledge and skills that students must acquire to succeed in college, careers, and the global economy. Now that the Common Core standards are coming to 43 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, it is essential to understand their content and implications. Understanding Common Core State Standards tells you everything you need to know about the standards, including * The goals and criteria of the standards and why they are a promising alternative to the old standards-based education model; * The organization and key aspects of the two overarching sets of standards; * The benefits of implementing the standards, including intentional instruction, a greater pool of resources, increased collegiality and professionalism, customized learning and multiple pathways, and a more consistent, equitable learning experience; * What schools can do to transition to the new standards; and * How the common state assessment systems are being developed to provide interactive, enhanced test items; produce specific, timely test results; and provide an indication of students' readiness for college or career. This book is an invitation to think about the possibilities that the Common Core standards offer for strengthening teaching and learning across the United States--and what you can do to make the most of this opportunity for change.


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Nothing beats a slow cooked dish that makes your mouth water from the sweet and smokey flavors wafting through your home all day. And when the flavors have soaked into your slowly cooked chicken and garbanzo beans and you can finally spoon the contents from your slow cooker and place them in a super healthy, simple home made wrap, you are basically giddy with joy. Pure bliss I tell you.
The fine people from Gourmet Nut sent me a nice goodie box filled with their trail mixes, power snacks and some pink and smoked sea salts to try. They also sent me some of their different spices/rubs to hang out with. We were more than eager to try out the Coffee Steak Rub on our T-Bones and I massaged my fillet Mignon with the Sweet and Smokey Steak Rub.
Mouth watering, sweet Heaven coming from our grill.
I was quickly addicted to the Sweet and Smokey rub and had to come up with a weekday dish other than steak which we only eat on rare occasion. So when I saw these tacos using smoked paprika over at Family Style Food I immediately knew what I had to do.
Crazy simple and insanely delicious, even picky eaters 2 and 4 loved these! You can easily make these vegetarian/vegan by omitting the chicken but I knew my little guys would be more willing to eat them with just a bit of chicken in them.
serves 6 Time | prep 15 cook 8 hours
1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil
1/2 cup chopped white onion
½-1 of a jalapeno pepper, seeds and veins removed, minced
1 1/2 cups dry garbanzo beans
2 chicken thighs, bone in
4 cups chicken broth, veggie broth or water
1 tablespoon Gourmet Nut Sweet and Smokey steak rub
1 teaspoon salt
Optional Garnishes:
avocado, peeled, pitted and diced
1 ripe tomato, sliced
Arugula greens
shredded sharp cheddar cheese
notes: This is easily converted to a vegetarian meal by omitting the chicken. Also, in a pinch you can use canned garbanzo beans (chick peas)
Recipe adapted from Wheat Belly Cookbook
- In a small bowl, mix together the flax meal, baking powder, onion powder, paprika and salt. Stir in coconut oil. Beat in the water and eggs until blended.
- Heat a small, non-stick sauté pan over medium heat. Add a bit of oil to lightly coat the pan. Pour in a small amount of the batter to just thinly coat the pan. Cook for 2-3 minutes until small bubbles form on the top and you can easily get a rubber spatula under the wrap.
- Carefully, flip the wrap over using a rubber spatula. Cook and additional minute. Remove from heat, repeat.


text: Retired Formula One driver, Satoru Nakajima always wanted his son Kazuki to be a race driver. Born on January 11, 1985, in Okazaki, Aichi, Japan, Kazuki Nakajima enrolled himself in Toyota's 'Young Driver Program' at the age of 11, just after winning the Suzuka Formula ICA karting title. In 2004, Nakajima won two out of 20 titles in the Japanese Formula Three championship. The following year, he appeared in the GT300 series and finished eighth and also in the Japanese Formula Three championship. The Formula Three Euroseries in 2006 was where Nakajima finished in second place in the inaugural race and won in just the fourth grand prix of the season. He finished the year with a high of 36 points and ended in 7th place. The same year he was named as test driver for Williams for the 2007 edition of the Formula One World Championship. Hoping to put up a good performance as a test driver and eventually race in F1, Nakajima took to racing in the GP2 Series. Although he went without a win, he finished on the podium on five consecutive occasions and ended 5th in the championship ahead of Nicolas Lapierre, the 2005-2006 A1 Grand Prix winner. Nakajima also won the "Rookie of the Year" award that season. The Japanese racer got his first opportunity in F1, in the final race of the 2007 F1 season, when Alexander Wurz decided to retire from the sport. He finished tenth that race but clocked the 5th fastest time on track, ahead of Williams team-mate Nico Rosberg. Team boss, Patrick Head, on Nakajima's debut said, "Kazuki drove well on his debut. His lap times were impressive and he's set a marker for a future in Formula One." In 2008, Nakajima was confirmed as the Williams driver for the season. He made the most of this opportunity and finished 6th in the opening Grand Prix in Australia, 7th in the Spanish Grand Prix and scored two points in Monaco. The following year however, was not to be the same for the Japanese youngster. With teammate Nico Rosberg looking formidable on track with 34.5 points, Nakajima was nowhere close to it. He failed to register a single point in the championship. After the end of the season, Williams announced Rubens Barrichello and rookie driver Nico Hulkenberg as their drivers for the 2010 season. Nakajima had lost out on an opportunity of a lifetime. But knowing the diligence this man works with, he is sure to make a comeback soon and more convincingly.