text:
FAQs for Consumers
- Retaining File And Property
- Filing A Complaint
- Disciplinary Proceedings
- General Questions
- Commonly Used Terms
- Conflicts
- Communication
- Burden Of Proof
- Fees
- Termination
- Confidentiality
I. Retaining File And Property
Can an attorney keep my file when he/she no longer represents me?
Under certain circumstances, an attorney can assert a legal claim. However, depending on the circumstances, an attorney may be required to provide the client with a copy of his/her file in order to avoid damaging the client's legal position in the underlying matter for which the attorney was retained.
Do I have to pay for a copy of my file?
If you have paid an attorney for representation, Pennsylvania law says that the file is your property at the conclusion of the case, and you should not be charged for copies the lawyer makes to keep for his or her own purposes. However, if the attorney has already provided you with copies of documents and you request subsequent or additional copies, you may be charged. It also depends on what the fee agreement states.
II. Filing A Complaint
Once a complaint is filed with ODC, should I continue to take calls from my attorney?
It is up to you. You do not have to end your relationship with your attorney when you file a complaint, although it may cause strain in the relationship.
How do I file a complaint?
All complaints must be in writing and signed by the complainant. A complaint form can be used, but is not required.
Is there a time limit or deadline on filing a complaint?
ODC does not entertain complaints arising out of alleged acts or omissions occurring more than four years prior to the date of the complaint, except in cases of theft or misappropriation, criminal conviction, where the attorney has engaged in a knowing act of concealment, or in certain circumstances where the facts of the matter have been under litigation.
Will a personal interview be scheduled?
The counsel who evaluates your complaint will decide whether a personal interview is necessary and arrange it if so. Personal interviews are not necessary in many cases and are not guaranteed.
Does ODC represent you once you file a complaint?
No. ODC cannot give you any legal advice.
What does it cost to file a complaint?
There is no cost, but your assistance and cooperation are necessary.
Must I be represented in order to file a complaint?
Can I file a complaint against a judge or a district justice?
Yes, but with another agency -- the Judicial Conduct Board, 225 Market Street, Harrisburg, PA 17101, telephone (717) 234-7911.
Can I file a complaint against an attorney who does not represent me, or who represents the other side in a legal matter?
Can I file a complaint against a legal aid/legal services attorney, public defender, or a court-appointed attorney since I did not pay for the representation?
Where do I go to complain about a lawyer?
Under the Constitution of Pennsylvania, the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has exclusive jurisdiction to oversee the conduct of lawyers. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has created the Disciplinary Board of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and the Office of Disciplinary Counsel to assist it in carrying out this function. All complaints are received and investigated by the four regional offices of the Office of Disciplinary Counsel.
What is the difference between the Disciplinary Board and the Office of Disciplinary Counsel?
The Disciplinary Board administers the rolls of lawyers admitted to the practice of law, and operates as a tribunal for hearing complaints of serious misconduct by lawyers. It has power to impose private discipline on lawyers, and makes recommendations to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania on cases where public discipline by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania may be appropriate.
The Office of Disciplinary Counsel is responsible for receiving and evaluating all complaints about the conduct of lawyers. The Office of Disciplinary Counsel investigates all complaints, and prosecutes those cases where it finds violations of the Rules of Professional Conduct before the Disciplinary Board and the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania.
Are you part of the Bar Association? Can I file a complaint with the Bar Association?
No. The Pennsylvania Bar Association and the various county bar associations are private associations of lawyers, separate and distinct from the Disciplinary Board and the Office of Disciplinary Counsel. The bar associations play no role in regulating the conduct of lawyers in Pennsylvania, although the Office of Disciplinary Counsel does rely on the bar associations to assist in certain functions, such as providing remediation in fee dispute matters.
Can the Governor or my State Representative help? How about the Bureau of Consumer Protection?
Under the Constitution of Pennsylvania, neither the Governor nor the State Legislature have any power over the regulation of the conduct of lawyers, an area of authority which the Constitution imposes exclusively on the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. The Bureau of Consumer Protection, which is an agency of the Attorney General of Pennsylvania, created by the Pennsylvania legislature, has no authority over lawyers, except in matters of enforcing debt collection practice laws, and the Bureau of Consumer Protection routinely refers complaints about attorneys to the Office of Disciplinary Counsel.
Are there any kinds of cases you don't handle?
Fee disputes are referred to the Fee Disputes Committee of the county bar association where the attorney's office is located. Complaints about prosecutors and defense counsel in criminal cases must first be determined by the court.
What kind of documentation do you need?
As much documentation as possible will be helpful to understand the complaint. The following have been found to be helpful in evaluating complaints, although not all will be available in all cases:
- A complete history of the complainant's dealings with the lawyer, including dates and purposes for which the lawyer was retained;
- Copies of fee or retainer agreements or statements;
- A listing of meetings or conferences with the lawyer, including dates where possible;
- Mention of any legal proceedings in which the lawyer is involved, including the court in which the case is filed and the names of parties to the case;
- Copies of letters, faxes, e-mails, and other correspondence that relates to the subject of the complaint;
- Copies of pleadings and legal documents in the complainant's possession;
- Copies of any billings or statements received from the lawyer;
- Copies of canceled checks or receipts for any payments made to the lawyer; and
- Copies of settlement distribution statements, HUD-1 forms, accountings, and other documents summarizing the disposition of money.
What will happen with my complaint?
Your complaint will be referred to one of our counsel, who will evaluate whether there are any issues which could form the basis of a disciplinary inquiry. If the counsel needs further information, you will be asked for that information, or the matter might be referred to a staff investigator who may review court records, contact parties with information, or contact you for necessary information. When counsel concludes that the investigation is complete, either the complaint may be dismissed (with the agreement of a second counsel), or the lawyer may be put on notice of the complaint and given the opportunity to respond by a formal letter.
If counsel believes that there are violations of the Rules of Professional Conduct after receiving the lawyer's response and completing the investigation, counsel may submit a recommendation for discipline through a review process established by the Rules of Disciplinary Enforcement. This process may result in one of three outcomes:
- Dismissal of the complaint;
- Imposition of private discipline on the lawyer; or
- Filing of a formal disciplinary proceeding, which usually involves a hearing on the case. You may be asked to testify at the hearing.
Can I withdraw my complaint?
You may withdraw your participation in the complaint, but Disciplinary Counsel has independent discretion to determine whether the investigation of the issues raised in the complaint will continue. If your testimony is needed, Disciplinary Counsel may compel such testimony by subpoena even if the complaining party has withdrawn the complaint.
What will be expected of me?
You will be expected to cooperate with the investigation of your complaint by answering all questions Disciplinary Counsel or investigators ask of you.
You will be expected to keep Disciplinary Counsel informed of changes of address or telephone numbers.
You will be expected to report any major changes in the situation which led to your complaint (example: if the lawyer contacts you to resolve the issues you have raised or if there are major developments in your underlying case).
If your case goes to a hearing, you will be expected to testify in support of your complaint and may be subpoenaed for this purpose.
Will my lawyer find out about my complaint?
If Disciplinary Counsel determines that your complaint sets forth possible violations of the Rules of Professional Conduct and any possible disciplinary action is considered, the rules governing disciplinary proceedings require that Disciplinary Counsel notify the lawyer of your complaint, including the name and address of the person making the complaint, and give him or her an opportunity to respond.
If Disciplinary Counsel determines that your complaint is not one which is expected to lead to discipline, for any number of reasons, they may dismiss your complaint without contacting the lawyer.
Disciplinary Counsel has the power to open and conduct investigations under its own authority. If you have reported serious misconduct, but you have strong reasons for not wanting the lawyer to know that you made the report, you may request that Disciplinary Counsel consider pursuing the complaint and that your name not be used. Disciplinary Counsel has the discretion to determine if this is appropriate. If Disciplinary Counsel proceeds under its own authority rather than under your complaint, you should not expect that you will be informed of developments in the complaint to the extent you would if you were a named Complainant.
III. Disciplinary Proceedings
Will I get a hearing?
Not necessarily. Complainants are witnesses in proceedings brought by Disciplinary Counsel, not parties, and have no right to seek a hearing. Most disciplinary cases are resolved without hearings.
Who will make the decision on my complaint?
Disciplinary Counsel has the authority to determine that a complaint will not lead to discipline and to dismiss the complaint. This may happen for a variety of reasons: Disciplinary Counsel may conclude that the evidence is not strong enough, the conduct may not fall within the Rules of Professional Conduct even if it can be proven, or the case may fall within one of the categories which are excluded from disciplinary consideration by policies of the Disciplinary Board. In any event, you will be notified if Disciplinary Counsel decides not to proceed on your complaint.
If Disciplinary Counsel determines that the complaint may lead to discipline, an investigation will be conducted, which includes a process of notifying the lawyer of the complaint and giving him or her an opportunity to respond. If Disciplinary Counsel determines that discipline should be imposed after an investigation, there are two possibilities:
The Pennsylvania Rules of Disciplinary Enforcement provide for certain kinds of private discipline to be imposed for relatively minor violations, or where the incident does not warrant removing the lawyer from the practice of law. Such discipline may be imposed by a determination of a reviewing officer on one of the Hearing Committees of the Disciplinary Board, or by a panel of the Disciplinary Board itself, depending on the nature of the punishment.
If the violation of the Rules of Professional Conduct is serious enough that the lawyer should be disbarred, suspended, or censured by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, a formal disciplinary proceeding must take place, and the matter will normally go to a hearing before a Hearing Committee of the Disciplinary Board. There are three levels at which decisions are made in this process. Any public disciplinary action (disbarment, suspension, or public censure) must be imposed by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania.
Will you keep me informed of the progress of my complaint?
You will be informed of the disposition of your complaint and of any cooperation that is needed on your part. Disciplinary Counsel attempts to keep complainants informed of the general status of and major developments in their complaints.
How long will this take?
The time it takes to complete action on a disciplinary complaint varies widely. If a complaint is dismissed, the complainant may be informed within a short time, but any action that leads to the imposition of discipline will take much longer. Matters which go through formal charges can take more than a year to reach a final disposition.
Can I get a copy of the rules?
You may order a copy of the Rules of Professional Conduct from this address at a cost of $2.50 per copy plus postage, or you may review online.
What if I am not happy with your decision? Can I appeal?
Complainants are considered witnesses, not parties to a disciplinary inquiry and do not have a right of appeal from dismissal of a complaint. The Office of Disciplinary Counsel has an internal review process. To seek review of a dismissal or any matter of handling of a complaint, inquiry should be directed to the counsel in charge of the district in which the complaint is handled. Complainants have no right of review of a final determination for imposition of discipline, which will already have gone through an extensive review process.
Can you get involved in my case?
The Disciplinary Board and the Office of Disciplinary Counsel do not represent a complainant's interest or intervene on a complainant's behalf in ongoing cases. Disciplinary Counsel may informally encourage lawyers to take actions which will resolve problems between lawyers and clients. However, the Office of Disciplinary Counsel does not have the resources to review or second-guess the decisions and strategies of counsel in ongoing cases or to monitor or intervene in cases in progress.
Can't you just call my lawyer and tell him or her to do something?
Disciplinary Counsel will sometimes discuss with lawyers the ethical issues raised by complaints and make recommendations as to how the lawyer may resolve such problems. However, Disciplinary Counsel does not have the authority to order a lawyer to take any action. The role of Disciplinary Counsel is to determine whether a violation of the Rules of Professional Conduct has occurred and whether professional disciplinary action should be applied to the lawyer. Disciplinary Counsel does not represent the individual filing a complaint.
Do I have to wait for your decision before looking into a malpractice suit? Should I get my own attorney?
A disciplinary inquiry into your complaint is not a substitute for any action you must take to protect your own interests. If you feel that you may have a claim for professional negligence or malpractice, you should consult counsel of your choice (at your expense) for advice as to whether you have remedies available to you. Disciplinary Counsel's role is to determine whether the protection of the public requires that discipline be imposed on the lawyer. Disciplinary Counsel does not represent or advise complaining parties as to how to protect their personal interests.
Can I tell my lawyer that I filed a complaint against him/her?
Can I tell my new lawyer that I filed a complaint against my former lawyer?
Should I stop communicating with my attorney after filing a complaint against him/her?
You are not prohibited from communicating with your attorney after filing a complaint with the Office of Disciplinary Counsel. Please keep the Office of Disciplinary Counsel informed of any such communications.
Can I be held liable for filing a disciplinary complaint against an attorney?
No. Pennsylvania Rule of Disciplinary Enforcement 209 provides that all communications relating to misconduct and all testimony given in a proceeding conducted pursuant to the Rules of Disciplinary Enforcement shall be absolutely privileged and the person making the communication or giving the testimony shall be immune from civil suit based upon such communication or testimony.
Do I have to wait until your office takes final action on my complaint before trying to find a new attorney to represent me?
No. You should take what action you need in order to protect your interests.
Do I have the right to attend any disciplinary hearing that might be held in connection with my complaint?
No. A complainant is not a party to the disciplinary proceedings. The parties are the Office of Disciplinary Counsel and the Respondent. The proceedings are closed to the public. However, in most cases that reach a hearing, the Office of Disciplinary Counsel calls the complainant as a witness.
Can I find out if an attorney has been disciplined?
The Office of Disciplinary Counsel can advise you whether the attorney has been the subject of an order of public discipline. The Office of Disciplinary Counsel cannot tell you whether the attorney has received private discipline or disclose the number of disciplinary complaints, if any, that have been filed against your attorney. You may also search for whether a lawyer has any public discipline here.
Can I find out the status of my attorney's license?
Yes. The Office of Disciplinary Counsel will advise you whether your attorney's license is active, inactive, suspended or disbarred. You may also review a lawyer's registration information here.
Will the Disciplinary Board order my attorney to pay me money?
No. If your attorney has stolen funds belonging to you, you should consider filing a claim with the Client Security Fund, reporting the attorney to the District Attorney's Office, or initiating civil litigation against the attorney.
What should I know before filing a complaint?
All lawyers admitted to practice in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania are bound by the Rules of Professional Conduct. The purpose of the Rules is to set forth minimum ethical standards for the practice of law. It is the responsibility of the Disciplinary Board of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and the Office of Disciplinary Counsel to see that the Rules of Professional Conduct are observed.
In order for a lawyer to be found to have committed misconduct, it must be shown that his or her acts have violated the Rules of Professional Conduct by clear and convincing evidence.
Examples of attorney practices clearly prohibited by the Rules include:
- Serious neglect of a client's case or a client. Examples would be a lawyer's failure to file papers or documents with the court within time periods prescribed by law, or unreasonable failure to communicate with clients on a timely basis.
- Failure to account to clients, as required by the Rules of Professional Conduct, concerning the status of funds or property being held by the lawyer.
- Mixing of funds, or failure to keep a client's funds separate from a lawyer's own funds.
- Use of a client's funds by a lawyer for his or her own purposes.
- Failure to reduce to writing an attorney-client contingent fee agreement. This is an agreement between a lawyer and a client stating that the lawyer's fee depends in whole or in part on the lawyer's success on behalf of a client.
- Engaging for work for a client notwithstanding the existence of a conflict of interest, as defined and prohibited by the Rules of Professional Conduct.
What disciplinary action can be taken against a lawyer?
Discipline can be imposed in two forms – private and public discipline.
Private discipline is generally used in situations where the violation of the Rules of Professional Conduct is not so severe that the lawyer be removed from the practice of law. It is often imposed in situations involving a first offense or patterns of behavior which disciplinary authorities believe can be corrected by the lawyer, such as incidents of neglect arising from poor habits or case management. Private discipline consists of "Informal Admonitions," which can be imposed on order of a member of one of the Hearing Committees of the Disciplinary Board, or the more formal "Private Reprimand," which is ordered by a panel of the Disciplinary Board. Information on such sanctions is generally not available to the public.
Public discipline is imposed for more serious violations, and in situations where the nature or repetition of conduct causes doubts about the lawyer's fitness to practice law. Public discipline can only be imposed by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania after a formal process including hearing. The following forms of public discipline are imposed in Pennsylvania:
- Disbarment is the most severe discipline which can be imposed upon a lawyer. It represents the recall of a lawyer's law license, with no expectation that the lawyer can resume the practice of law at any specific time in the future. Disbarment is public, unless the lawyer agrees to be disbarred and resigns from the bar, in which case the fact of the disbarment is public but the record on which it is based is not. A lawyer who is disbarred may apply for reinstatement after five (5) years, but must meet an elevated standard to prove that she or he has the moral qualifications, competency and learning in law required for admission to practice law in this Commonwealth, and that the resumption of the practice of law within the Commonwealth will be neither detrimental to the integrity and standing of the bar or the administration of justice nor subversive of the public interest.
- Suspension is a temporary removal of the lawyer's right to practice law in Pennsylvania. Suspension may be for any length of time up to five (5) years. If a lawyer is suspended for more than one year, the lawyer may not resume practice upon the expiration of the suspension. Instead the lawyer must undergo a proceeding to prove that such person has the moral qualifications, competency and learning in law required for admission to practice law in this Commonwealth and that the resumption of the practice of law within the Commonwealth by he/she will be neither detrimental to the integrity and standing of the bar or the administration of justice nor subversive of the public interest. The lawyer will only be allowed to resume practice upon entry of an order by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania reinstating the lawyer to the bar of the Commonwealth. A lawyer suspended for less than one year may be reinstated upon filing of a verified statement of compliance with the Rules of Disciplinary Enforcement. Suspension may be stayed or put on hold by certain kinds of probation under some circumstances. The record on any case leading to suspension is open to the public, unless the suspension is stayed by probation.
- Public Censure is a form of discipline by which the lawyer is called before the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania to be censured or criticized by the Supreme Court for misconduct. Although the lawyer's right to practice is not interrupted, public censure is quite a serious form of discipline. The record of any case leading to public censure is open to the public.
Sometimes one of the above forms of discipline may be imposed with terms of probation. An attorney may also resign from the Bar and accept disbarment rather than face disciplinary action, but only with the Supreme Court's consent.
Decisions of the Board and the Supreme Court with respect to Public Discipline are released for publication. Recently published decisions and orders are available on this website.
What should I expect?
Complaints are not dismissed lightly, nor are they prosecuted without justification. The protection of the public is paramount in considering every complaint filed.
You may expect:
- A prompt reply from the Office of Disciplinary Counsel acknowledging receipt of your complaint.
- A fair and impartial investigation. This means listening not only to your side of the story, but the lawyer's side as well. It also means that whatever independent investigation may be necessary in order to establish the facts will also be conducted.
- As speedy a disposition as possible of your complaint. Depending on the complexity of the matter, this can take from a few days to a year or longer, especially if a complaint goes to formal charges.
- To be called as a witness, if necessary, and to provide additional information for the investigation of your complaint.
- Even though a matter is resolved between you and your attorney, your continued cooperation may be necessary to discipline the attorney.
- Disciplinary action, commensurate with the offense, against any lawyer found to have violated the Rules of Professional Conduct.
- Advice concerning where you may go if the subject of your complaint does not fall within the jurisdiction of the Board.
- To be kept informed of the progress of the investigation and to be notified of the final disposition of the complaint.
There are no charges or other costs to you by the Office of Disciplinary Counsel of the Board.
What should I not expect?
You should not expect ODC or the Disciplinary Board to provide legal services or advice. If you wish to be referred to a lawyer, you might contact a Lawyer Referral Service. The lawyers at ODC do not and cannot represent you personally in the matter of which you complain.
You may have a civil claim against your lawyer that can be pursued in the courts, a fee dispute that can be resolved by a local bar association fee arbitration boards, or a claim that will be considered by the Pennsylvania Lawyers Fund for Client Security.
Generally, you should not expect to seek discipline against an attorney for conduct perceived to be rude or discourteous.
What about confidentiality?
The staff of the Office of Disciplinary Counsel (ODC) and the Board are required to maintain the confidentiality of complaints and related investigations and proceedings unless and until one of the exceptions to confidentiality, as set forth in Enforcement Rule 402, applies. ODC staff may interview the respondent-attorney or other persons who may have information that is relevant to your complaint, and may disclose information when disclosure is necessary to conduct a proper investigation or is required by Court or Board Rules.
Can I file a complaint against a law firm?
Disciplinary Counsel cannot obtain complaints against a law firm, only individual attorneys. When filing an ethics complaint, it is important to identify the individual attorney or attorneys within a law firm who had responsibility for, or worked on, your legal matter. If you do not recall the name of the law firm attorney who handled your case, you may identify the law firm in general on the complaint form.
I am unable to complete and/or submit a complaint form because of physical impairment or disability. What should I do?
Consider asking a family member or friend to assist you in completing and mailing your complaint form. If you do not have anyone to assist you, contact the Office of Disciplinary Counsel. We are committed to extending reasonable accommodation to callers and complainants who, by reason of communication impairments, are unable to communicate through normal channels. Callers seeking to communicate with the Office of Disciplinary Counsel by Telecommunications Devices for the Deaf (TDDs) should call the Telecommunications Relay Service (TRS) of Bell Atlantic at 1-800-654-5984 and ask to be connected to the appropriate District office. Your complaint is important to us.
IV. General Questions
Is the disciplinary system funded by taxpayer dollars?
No. It is funded by the annual registration fee each attorney is required to pay.
I met with one attorney initially and believed I hired that attorney to represent me. Then a different attorney appeared at my hearing. Can they substitute one attorney for another without my permission?
It depends on your arrangement with the firm at the time you retained their services. In most instances, substituted representation is permissible. A firm often has discretion in which attorney is assigned to your case.
Can lawyers approach me and solicit my business as a client?
They can send you a targeted mailing, but cannot personally contact you or have someone else do so on their behalf.
I am the executor of an estate. Do I have to employ the attorney who drafted the will to administer the estate?
No. The personal representative (executor or administrator) of the estate may hire or fire the counsel representing him or her in the administration of the estate.
If I represent myself, do the Rules of Professional Conduct apply to me?
The Rules of Professional Conduct apply only to those persons admitted or formerly admitted to practice law in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Can my spouse's attorney contact me if I am not represented in a divorce proceeding?
Yes. There are restrictions on a lawyer's communication with a party who is represented by counsel, but if the opposing party is not represented, the lawyer may contact that person as an adversary, as long as the lawyer does not give the opposing party the idea that the lawyer is neutral or represents that person's interest. However, the lawyer may not give the person legal advice, and the lawyer's statements should not be interpreted as advice.
Can I contact my spouse who is represented by an attorney?
The Rules of Professional Conduct only limit the contacts a lawyer may have with opposing parties. They do not impose any duties or restrictions on clients communicating with the adverse party.
Can you refer me to an attorney?
Staff of the Office of Disciplinary Counsel are not permitted to refer Complainants to particular private lawyers. Consult the Lawyer Referral Service in your county for a referral to a lawyer.
Does my lawyer have to have malpractice insurance?
There is no requirement that a lawyer in Pennsylvania maintain malpractice insurance, or that the lawyer inform a client of the lack of such coverage. Under the way legal professional liability insurance normally works, a claim for damages must be made against the lawyer, and the lawyer then reports the incident to the malpractice carrier. Clients generally cannot make a claim directly to the insurance carrier. Therefore, it is usually necessary to employ a separate attorney to file or assert the malpractice claim against a lawyer before a claim can be presented to the lawyer's insurer. The Disciplinary Board does not present or assist in civil claims for malpractice or negligence; this must be done through private counsel of the client's choice and at the client's expense.
Although lawyers in Pennsylvania are not required to carry malpractice insurance, lawyers in private practice are now required to notify the client in writing if they do not have professional liability insurance of at least $100,000 per occurrence and $300,000 altogether per year. Also, if a lawyer has such insurance when the relationship begins but ceases to be insured in these amounts, all clients must be notified of that fact in writing. Rule 1.4(c), Pennsylvania Rules of Professional Conduct.
How can I sue my lawyer for malpractice?
Generally you may not make a claim directly to a lawyer's malpractice carrier. Instead, you must assert the claim against the lawyer, who will then get the carrier involved if there is a claim and it is appropriate. You should get legal advice about a malpractice claim. The local bar association can give you names of lawyers who handle such cases. The disciplinary procedures of the Office of Disciplinary Counsel do not recover money damages for you. Also, note that the filing of a disciplinary complaint will not suspend or change any time limits that may apply to your claim.
How can I find out if my lawyer has a disciplinary record?
You can find out if a Pennsylvania lawyer has a record of public discipline here. Information about complaints filed which have not led to discipline, or about incidents
What can I do if my court-appointed lawyer provided ineffective assistance?
The Office of Disciplinary Counsel does not have jurisdiction over claims of ineffective assistance that do not amount to incompetence. As a matter of policy, we only consider such complaints in situations where a court has rendered a decision that your counsel was indeed ineffective. The filing of a complaint with us will not affect or overturn your conviction. Pa.R.P.C. 1.1
Can my lawyer settle my case without telling me?
A lawyer cannot settle a case without the consent of the client. If that happens, the Office of Disciplinary Counsel can send you a complaint form. In some cases, if you have signed a release or the check, and then wanted to renege on the settlement, the settlement may be enforced. Pa.R.P.C. 1.2
Why is it taking my lawyer so long to disburse my settlement?
There may be a practical reason why you have not received your settlement funds such as dispute of legal fees, liens, etc., that may have caused the delay. Should the delay become excessive and you suspect wrongdoing, you should file a complaint with the Office of Disciplinary Counsel. Pa.R.P.C. 1.15
V. Commonly Used Terms
I'm not familiar with some of the legal terminology; where can I look for definitions?
We know the legal system can seem daunting and full of unfamiliar language, so we've compiled a list of some of the more commonly used terms you might encounter during the disciplinary process. Please note this is not a comprehensive list of legal terms. For a more complete glossary of terms, visit the U.S. Court's Web site at http://www.uscourts.gov/common/glossary.aspx.
VI. Conflicts
Is it a conflict of interest for my lawyer to have a personal relationship with me during the representation?
Anything which might improperly influence the lawyer's judgment or advice is prohibited by the Rules of Professional Conduct.
The lawyer representing the other party in my case represented me years ago in another matter. Is that a conflict?
Sometimes it is a conflict for a lawyer to represent someone against a former client; sometimes it is not. This depends on many factors, including how closely related the subject matter of the former and current representation is. The staff counsel of the Office of Disciplinary Counsel are familiar with the law on this issue and can evaluate the many factors that go into this determination. You should be prepared to advise staff counsel as thoroughly as possible about the circumstances of both cases.
VII. Communication
Does a lawyer have to return all of my telephone calls or answer all of my letters?
A lawyer must promptly comply with reasonable requests for information and must keep the client informed about the status of a matter regardless of whether the client has inquired about the status, in order for the client to make informed decisions. This does not mean that every call must be returned; the responsibility is a general one.
If I call my lawyer, can he or she charge me for the telephone call?
Yes, depending on the fee agreement.
Can my attorney swear at me or call me names?
Unfortunately, the Rules of Professional Conduct do not prohibit rude conduct. However, the Code of Civility recently adopted by the Supreme Court advocates professionalism in the practice of law.
VIII. Burden Of Proof
What is clear and convincing evidence?
It is the burden of proof by which ODC must show alleged attorney misconduct. It is a heavier standard of proof than would be necessary to prevail in a civil action.
IX. Fees
Should I pay my lawyer in cash or by check?
Either form of payment is acceptable, but particularly when paying cash for any purpose, you should always obtain a receipt or other written proof of payment at the time it is made.
Can I fire my lawyer?
A client has the right to dismiss counsel. However, this right may be subject to certain limitations:
- A lawyer may be entitled to compensation for the value of services rendered up to the time the lawyer is dismissed. The determination of what compensation the lawyer is entitled to receive can be quite complex.
- If a lawyer has entered an appearance on a client's behalf in a court proceeding, the lawyer may need leave of court to withdraw even if the lawyer is discharged. Particularly in criminal cases, the lawyer may be required to remain involved in the case if the court denies the lawyer leave to withdraw.
- Many courts require that another lawyer substitute an appearance for the discharged lawyer before the discharged lawyer will be allowed to withdraw from the case.
How much can a lawyer charge me per hour?
The Rules of Professional Conduct prohibit illegal or clearly excessive fees. However, many factors go into determining whether a fee is appropriate, including but not limited to:
- Whether the fee is fixed or contingent;
- The time and labor required, the novelty and difficulty of the questions involved, and the skill requisite to perform the legal service properly;
- The likelihood, if apparent to the client, that the acceptance of the particular employment will preclude other employment by the lawyer;
- The fee customarily charged in that geographic area for similar legal services;
- The amount involved and the results obtained;
- The time limitations imposed by the client or by the circumstances;
- The nature and length of the professional relationship with the client; and,
- The experience, reputation, and ability of the lawyer or lawyers performing the services.
The Rules of Professional Conduct require that the lawyer advise you, in writing, of the basis on which your fees will be calculated, at or within a reasonable time after the beginning of the representation.
My attorney wants to charge me a non-refundable fee. Can he or she do that?
Yes, as long as the attorney says so in writing and you agree to the representation under those terms, and as long as the attorney discharges his/her duties pursuant to the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Does my lawyer have to give my file back?
This can be a difficult problem. Rule 1.16(d) of the Rules of Professional Conduct provides that upon termination of the representation, the lawyer must deliver to the client (or to the client's new lawyer) all papers to which the client is entitled, which usually means the entire case file. However, the rule specifically provides that a lawyer may hold on to papers which the lawyer is entitled by law to retain. The law of Pennsylvania contains a concept called a "retaining lien" which allows a lawyer, under some circumstances, to hold on to the client's file as security for payment of any fees or expenses still owing to the lawyer. The lawyer may not put the client's case at risk by refusing to release the client's papers, but this is an area where controversies often occur.
Can I get my money back? Can I get compensation for my loss?
There are three kinds of losses people often hope to recoup from their lawyers:
- Fees paid to the lawyers. Generally, if a dispute arises over how much of a fee the lawyer is entitled to receive, it is referred to the fee dispute committee of the local county bar association. The committee assesses how much of a fee is appropriate. If there is an issue involving the nature of a fee and the circumstances under which it is withheld, Disciplinary Counsel can be contacted. Disciplinary Counsel will inform you if your fee question must first be resolved by a fee dispute committee.
- Losses due to negligence of a lawyer. Sometimes a client will experience an economic loss which might be due to a lawyer's misconduct, as when a lawyer fails to file suit before the statute of limitations runs, resulting in loss of the client's claim. The disciplinary system has no fund or resources to pay such claims. See the discussion of malpractice insurance, above.
- Losses due to embezzlement by the lawyer. Pennsylvania does offer a way for clients to obtain reimbursement for claims which arise from a lawyer's failure to deliver or misappropriation of money which has come into the lawyer's possession, such as settlement proceeds or estate funds. The Pennsylvania Lawyers Fund For Client Security administers a fund, financed by annual assessments on all lawyers practicing in Pennsylvania, which compensates clients for money improperly taken from them by lawyers. The Pennsylvania Lawyers Fund For Client Security does not pay claims arising from acts of professional negligence or fee disputes.
The Office of Disciplinary Counsel does not have the authority to simply order a lawyer to pay a client sums of money that the lawyer may owe the client under any of these theories. In some circumstances, discipline may be conditional upon the repayment of sums owing, but this is the exception rather than the rule.
X. Termination
Can I fire my lawyer?
The client has the right to terminate the client-lawyer relationship by dismissing the lawyer, and the lawyer must withdraw from the representation if terminated. There may, however be limits and consequences on such termination. For instance, the client may still owe the lawyer fees, and the lawyer has a limited right to retain possession of the file if the client still owes the lawyer fees. If the lawyer has entered an appearance with a court on the client's behalf, the lawyer may need permission of the court to withdraw.
A client may dismiss a lawyer by so informing the lawyer, preferably in writing. If you expect a refund of a fee payment or other delivery of funds or the file, you should definitely make this request to the lawyer in writing.
Can my lawyer withdraw from representing me or end the attorney-client relationship without my consent?
If the lawyer has not yet entered an appearance in court, the lawyer may generally withdraw or decline to pursue the case any further. The lawyer then owes certain duties to the client such as informing the client, allowing the client enough time to obtain other counsel, turning over papers and other property to which the client is entitled, and refunding the unearned balance of any fees paid in advance. If the lawyer has entered an appearance with a court, generally rules of court require that the lawyer obtain the court's permission to withdraw from that representation. Pa. R.P.C. 1.16.
XI. Confidentiality
Is my lawyer required to keep information learned during the representation confidential?
Generally speaking yes, even if the information is available through other sources. There are exceptions to this outlined in the Rules of Professional Conduct. However, the attorney is entitled to respond to allegations in a proceeding concerning the lawyer's representation of a client. The lawyer is required by the Rules of Professional Conduct to reveal such information in order to maintain the lawyer's duty to be truthful to the court.
My attorney received settlement funds on my behalf. Does he or she have to place them in an interest-bearing account on my behalf?
A lawyer must place funds of a client or third person in an interest-bearing account. However, the lawyer has discretion as to whether to place them in an IOLTA account or an account for the benefit of the client or third person depending upon the amount in question and the duration for which the lawyer expects to hold the funds.


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NetWellness is a global, community service providing quality, unbiased health information from our partner university faculty. NetWellness is commercial-free and does not accept advertising.
Sunday, September 24, 2017
Exercise and Fitness
Weight loss
I`m starting a step and sculpt class on Monday. I`m trying to lose about 20lbs and I`ve been told to do lots of cardio, I plan to do this on Monday and on Wednesday to walk on treadmill. I have cut down my portions of food and now all I drink is water or Crystal light. Will this be enough to acheive my goals.
Congratulations on your decision to improve your personal health. Following a regular exercise program can help protect you from developing cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and also can help to improve your mood. The right exercise program can complement your life by providing you with benefits like more energy and strength. This extra energy can increase your personal productivity while the extra strength can aid you in maintaining an independent life.
You need a workable plan to move from inactivity to becoming physically active. Prior to beginning a vigorous exercise program, you should consult with your physician. In some cases your doctor may have certain restrictions you need to follow. Most importantly, you should choose exercises you enjoy and that you can perform year round. Begin gradually making sure your first sessions of physical activity are fun and not too tiring.
Set a weekly schedule that includes time off during the week. For example, walk on Monday, Wednesday and Friday the first week. Try to avoid exercising just after eating a meal. Also, avoid exercising in extreme heat. Choose shoes that are comfortable and that provide good arch support.
I recommend you chart your progress by recording the type of exercise you performed and the duration in a notebook. Don't get discouraged if you don't see results right away. Keep your focus on the process and celebrate the small steps along the way.
The American College of Sports Medicine makes the following recommendations for an exercise program for a healthy adult to develop and maintain cardiovascular fitness, strength training and flexibility.
Cardiovascular Training
Frequency -- 3-5 days per week.
Intensity -- Low to moderate intensity, approximately 55/65-90% of estimated maximum heart rate.
Duration -- Approximately 20-60 minutes of continuous activity.
Mode of Activity -- Continuous, rhythmical and aerobic using large muscle groups (walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, rowing, in-line skating, stair climbing, aerobic dance and cross country skiing).
It is important to gradually increase the amount of time and intensity of your exercise. When beginning an exercise program, 5-10 minutes of activity may be all you can do.
Resistance Training
Frequency -- 2-3 days per week with at least one day of rest between workouts; do not do resistance training on consecutive days.
Sets -- A minimum of one set, 8-12 repetitions to near muscular failure for general fitness.
Number of Exercises -- A minimum of 8-10 exercises involving the major muscle groups.
Speed -- Moderate to slow; each repetition should be approximately six seconds (3 up, 3 down).
Range of Motion -- Exercises should be performed through a full range of motion and should be pain free.
Flexibility exercises (stretching) should be included with every exercise session. Before stretching, warm up with 5-10 minutes of light cycling, walking, rowing, etc. Each stretch should be held for 15-30 seconds and repeated 2-4 times, alternating sides.
DO NOT stretch to the point of pain.
Wishing you the best of luck in all your exercise endeavors.
Rachael Dotson, BS
Program Manager
Certified Johnny G Spinning Instructor
Fitness Center at CARE\Crawley
University of Cincinnati

subset: commoncrawl


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The Humboldt County Board of Supervisors will discuss Tuesday whether to extend a moratorium on new medical marijuana dispensaries in the county.
The county counsel is asking the board to adopt an interim ordinance for a second extension of the moratorium, which was originally adopted in December 2011. The moratorium was previously extended in January, and is currently scheduled to end on Dec. 12.
Late last year, California cities, counties, dispensaries and property owners were threatened with the possibility of federal litigation relating to marijuana. The county decided that pressure from the federal government was enough to suspend its ordinance that issued dispensary permits in the county. The board of supervisors put a caveat in the moratorium that allows already operating dispensaries to renew their permits.
A report prepared by Assistant County Counsel Davina Smith indicates that a vague legal landscape makes counsel uncomfortable with ending the moratorium.
A slew of marijuana and dispensary court cases are pending in California, most awaiting precedent from two cases under review by the California Supreme Court.
One case of primary concern to Humboldt County, Pack v. Superior Court (City of Long Beach), was expected to look at whether local officials could be prosecuted for involvement in approving regulations and permitting for medical marijuana dispensaries. That case has been dismissed and is not citable as precedent, according to the counsel's report.
Most of the legal scrutiny involves dispute over whether state laws preempt local laws, and whether federal laws preempt state laws.
"The issues before the California Supreme Court in these cases include whether or not a local jurisdiction can regulate collective or cooperative dispensaries, whether or not a local jurisdiction can ban dispensaries and whether or not dispensaries operating outside of the county or city code can be dealt with under nuisance law," the report reads.
"The County's proposed draft ordinance regulated dispensaries as a conditional use requiring a permit and if dispensaries fail to comply with the ordinance, they are treated as a nuisance per se," the report reads. "These are two of the three issues that are currently before the Supreme Court. Based upon the current uncertainties in the law, it is advisable to continue the current moratorium for another year."
Third District Supervisor Mark Lovelace spent last week at the California State Association of Counties conference where he heard a similar outlook in a presentation from a Kern County counsel.
"We are no closer to clarity on this issue than we were back then," Lovelace said. "It's very unfortunate that this many years after 215 passed that we're struggling."
Proposition 215 was passed in 1996 and gives qualified California patients the right to cultivate marijuana or purchase it from dispensaries. The federal government views any activity relating to marijuana as illegal.
Lovelace met with U.S. Attorney Melinda Haag early this year to express his disappointment with the federal crackdown.
The county counsel's report goes on to say that federal marijuana enforcement has intensified in the last year. According to the report, owners of commercial property have been threatened with seizure for renting to dispensaries, banks have been threatened with legal action for providing services to dispensaries and public officials have been threatened with prosecution for being involved in regulation of dispensaries.
"Based on this increased enforcement of federal marijuana laws, it is advisable to extend the moratorium for an additional year," the counsel's report reads.
Assistant County Counsel Carolyn Ruth said the year-long extension would be the last time the county could prolong the moratorium. At the end of the proposed extension, permanent action would be required. She said county counsel is hoping that the Supreme Court gives guidance on the issues by that time.
In other business, the Humboldt County Sheriff's Office is asking the board to waive a 960-hour limit for legal office assistant Michaela Rice.
In a staff report, Sheriff Mike Downey said many applicants for office assistants are not willing to work in certain positions and unwilling to submit or unable to pass required background checks.
"Ms. Rice has completed a background, has been trained in various positions and is available to work when called upon," Downey wrote.
Salary savings from vacant positions will cover the approximate $12,000 cost to add 960 hours to Rice's position, according to the report.
If you go:
What: Board of Supervisors meeting.
When: 9 a.m. Tuesday.
Where: Supervisors' chamber, first floor, Humboldt County Courthouse, 825 Fifth St. in Eureka
Grant Scott-Goforth can be reached at 441-0514 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
"I am not the only one who has traveled on this path. I will follow the footprints before me and reach back a hand to those who come behind."
Click below to hear words of wisdom and stories from other students' journeys into Education.
Destination Education – a initiative unique to the School of Education, Health & Human Performance that focuses on promoting student success by providing consistent support throughout their college experience. Destination Eduction is based on a number of simple, but important concepts:
CREATING CONNECTIONS: "HEY STUDENTS - HEY CAROL" - This simple exchange begins during summer orientation and is the first step in our effort to personalize the student experience by developing a comfortable environment that encourages interaction between new students, the Destination Education Program, and the School of Eduction, Health & Human Performance. "HEY CAROL" encourages students to bridge the silence that is often associated with beginning college.
"INTENTIONAL WALKING" - New students often find themselves challenged by the academic, social and emotional issues associated with being in college. Beginning with your first step at Fairmont State, and all along the way, Destination Education provides an environment where students can ask questions, express concerns, and share moments of success. Whether you have set your sights on becoming a teacher educator, exercise scientist or any of the other 30 plus majors in or associated with our college; it is important for you to know there is someone who will walk with you on this path.
"DEVELOPING A SENSE OF BELONGING" - As you embark on this amazing journey, keep in mind I am just an email, phone call, or office visit away! No question is stupid; no situation unimportant if it helps pave your way to success. I encourage you to take advantage of the many opportunities you will have to participate in activities, events, and organizations offered at Fairmont State Univeristy and by the School of Education, Health & Human Performance. GROW YOUR ROOTS as a college student! GRAB THE HANDS outstretched in front of you! Both will increase your likelihood of success!
I look forward to walking you in your pursuit of a college degree! It all begins with a simple "HEY."


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March 15, 2012 — April 13, 2013
The Smithsonian American Art Museum has assembled a collection of video and time-based artwork that examines the history as well as latest developments in the art of the moving image. A permanent collection gallery dedicated to media arts, located on the museum's third floor, extends the range of contemporary art on display and allows for the presentation of the full range of media art practices. A goal of these installations is to recognize the importance of the moving image in the history of twentieth-century art.
This installation of Watch This! New Directions in the Art of the Moving Image, the second in the series, features artworks that have transformed video into a contemporary art practice. Single-channel videotapes are presented alongside files that have been transferred to digital formats and are projected in the gallery. Pioneering video art and key examples of American avant-garde cinema are represented, as well as recent digital media installations. These artworks illustrate the multiple media technologies that artists have engaged with since the 1960s.
The eight featured artworks are: Peter Campus, Barn at North Fork (2010) and Three Transitions(1973); Ernie Gehr, Surveillance (2010); David Haxton, Painting Room Lights (1980); Nancy Holt and Robert Smithson, Swamp (1971); Joan Jonas, Vertical Roll (1972); Bruce Nauman, Slow Angle Walk (Beckett Walk) (1968); and Steina Vasulka and Woody Vasulka, Reminiscence from Selected Works I(1974). John G. Hanhardt, senior curator of film and media arts, selected the works. All of the featured artworks were acquired recently for the museum's permanent collection.
Dedicating a permanent collection gallery to time-based art is an important aspect of the media arts initiative at the museum, which includes acquisitions, exhibitions, educational programs, and archival research resources related to film, video, and the media arts. In 2009, the museum acquired the complete estate archive of visionary artist Nam June Paik. Hanhardt, the leading expert on Paik and his global influence, is organizing the archive. Research into the archive will be the basis for a series of publications of Paik's writings, exhibitions, and a catalogue raisonné. In 2012, the museum organized the exhibition Nam June Paik: Global Visionary, the first to draw on the resources of the Nam June Paik Archive.
The James F. Dicke Family Endowment generously supported Watch This!


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Fans of Bob Hope can buy a little piece of the legendary entertainer this weekend at a garage sale held at his Toluca Lake estate that will be a prelude to its eventual sale.
From 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. Saturday and Sunday, admirers of the comedian, movie star, perennial Oscars host, tireless USO tour emcee and golf nut can purchase Christmas decorations and other items he and his wife collected after they built the place in 1939. Bob Hope died at age 100 in 2003, and Dolores died at age 102 in 2011.
"The house is not currently on the market," their daughter, Linda Hope, explained regarding much recent speculation. "The garage is being cleaned out of things to prepare it, but it's not ready to be on the market yet. Eventually, it will be sold."
Hope noted that furniture, artwork and other items from her parents' home will later be auctioned via Julien's Auctions in Beverly Hills, probably in the fall of 2013. No one at Julien's could confirm that Wednesday, but the company held an earlier auction of Hope memorabilia in 2008.
She also mentioned that this is the last time to enjoy a special display at 10346 Moorpark St.
"We have the Nativity up that was sort of a Christmas tradition with my parents," Hope said. "This will be the last year that it's up there, but it's for all of our neighbors and friends for whom it's kind of a highlight to have that up there at the corner for the holidays."
The real estate website Zillow.com estimates the value of one of the three land parcels the property sits on at $3.52 million.
The main house is on that parcel. It has eight bedrooms, 11 baths and comes in at around 15,000 square feet. The total, 87,000-square-foot lot includes a pool and other structures.
Stephen Hampar, broker/owner of residential and commercial real estate brokerage Hampar Properties and president of the Toluca Lake Chamber of Commerce, said he couldn't begin to guess what the property's market value might actually end up being.
Hampar, who recalls taking his children trick-or-treating at the Hope estate for Halloween, hopes any new owner will preserve its historic value.
"The estate is probably the last connection to old Hollywood in the area," he said. "It really is a landmark, probably the biggest landmark for Toluca Lake."
Hampar noted that, while other famous movie stars' homes still exist in the San Fernando Valley, the size of the Hope property makes it unique.
"I know Bing Crosby had at least two homes here, and both of them remain intact," Hampar said, referring to Hope's co-star in the "Road" comedies, some of the biggest box-office hits of the 1940s. "They're not on five acres, though."
Linda Hope would not divulge any details about the sale, saying she would issue a press release when she's ready.
She did, however, address the emotional impact of ultimately giving up the home she was raised in.
"Of course, it's always very hard to part with something that's been a part of your life," Hope said. "It'll be difficult but, you know, life moves on. My mother and dad certainly had a wonderful life and shared it with a lot of people.
"By having people able to get things from the garage sale that belonged to them - as well as, later on, the better things in the auction - I think they'd be very happy to know that."


text:
Tongwei Solar to boost annual production capacity to 10.5GWp
Before Going to Press | 8h 22min ago
Chongqing HKC breaks ground for second 8.6G line
Before Going to Press | 8h 25min ago
GIS expects shipment momentum to continue into 4Q17
Before Going to Press | 8h 32min ago
Chunghwa Telecom signs cooperation MoU with Cisco
Before Going to Press | 8h 40min ago
Taiwan Mobile to see ARPU grow significantly in 4Q17
Before Going to Press | 8h 45min ago
Taiwan market: HMD Global launches Nokia 8
Before Going to Press | 8h 46min ago
Diode maker HY Electronic to put increased focus on automotive
Before Going to Press | 8h 52min ago
MediaTek likely to meet high-end of 3Q17 guidance
Before Going to Press | 9h 3min ago
AMD to launch 12nm Ryzen chips in February 2018
Before Going to Press | 9h 7min ago
DRAM chipmakers to insert EUVL for sub-10nm node manufacturing
Before Going to Press | 9h 12min ago
- Digitimes Research: Apple outraces Google for on-device AI development
- Mikro Mesa, ITRI developing micro LED panels
- Foxconn chairman to visit Wisconsin in early October
- IoT applications may take root in Indonesia in 5 years: Q&A with Advantech executive Ramdhani Gumilar
- SMIC to build new plant in Ningbo
- Asustek expects China gaming notebook market to reach 3 million units in 2018, says paper
- MEMS sensor demand for smartphones, automotive surging
- ITC ruling raises Section 201 concern
- Aemulus rolls out 5G test solutions
- China August mobile communication users grows to 1.382 billion
- Wearable brands releasing new devices
- Samsung ready to mass produce MRAM chips using 28nm FD-SOI process
- Sigurd to enter board of Winstek
- PlayNitride chairman upbeat about micro LED
- Young Fast shifting focus to niche touch panel market
- Corning keen to expand Gorilla presence in auto glass market
- iPhone X component suppliers told to slow down delivery, say sources
- Motech PV module alliance plan faces challenges
- Taiwan solar cell makers reportedly to form alliance to better competitiveness
- CPT reports tight supply for all-screen smartphone panels
- Panel makers look to mini LED backlighting
- China PV installations reach 3.36GWp in August
- Valeo joins ISELED Alliance
- Taiwan sets tentative 2018 feed-in tariffs for renewable energy
- China makes 820 million smartphones in January-July, says MIIT
26-Sep-2017 markets closed
|TSE electronic
|OTC electronic
- Toshiba says the $18 billion chip sale is delayed because of Apple (Sep 25) - Fortune
- HTC follows BlackBerry and Nokia off global stage (Sep 21) - The Financial Times
- LG Display, Huawei to sign long-term smartphone OLED supply deal (Sep 20) - BusinessKorea
- LG Display OLEDs to be used by top-4 China smartphone vendors (Sep 14) - BusinessKorea
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- Apple suffers 'major iPhone X leak' (Sep 11) - BBC News
- South Korean court rejects Qualcomm's request to suspend antitrust body's order (Sep 5) - Reuters
- Apple and Accenture partner to create iOS business solutions (Aug 29) - Company release
- Releases
- White papers
- Bulletin
- Advantest and W2BI to Exhibit Advanced Test Solutions at Mobile World Congress
- Telecom companies' preference for NFV drives enterprise vCPE market forward
- G.fast IOP, a first in a Carrier Network environment; Swisscom makes it a reality that meets their network requirements
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- Perforce Powers Development of Legacy Quest for iOS and Android
- Digitimes Research: Samsung Note 7 issues may help Apple to regain number-1 crown in 4Q16
- Digitimes Research: China smartphone shipments see weaker-than-expected growth in 2Q15
- Digitimes Research: White-box players pushing 10.1-inch Windows tablets
- Digitimes Research: Microsoft to partner with Acer, Lenovo and Inventec for US$169-249 Windows 10 notebooks
- Computex 2015: BioLogic SportCase wins Design and Innovation Award
Apple has released iPhone X and other next-generation smartphone models. The iPhone supply chain has been busy for quite a while.
HTC has sold part of its smartphone team to Google as it seeks to turn around its business.
China-based Huawei's worldwide reach
Asustek's smartphone shipments may have been disappointing in 2016, but the vendor is seeking a rebound in 2017.
5G brings new business opportunities: Q&A with Alpha Networks chairman John Lee
Taiwan-based networking device maker Alpha Networks has expanded its product lines from mainly Ethernet...
Autonomous driving market to be battle between closed and open platform providers: Q&A with Jamie Fan from Neousys
With autonomous driving becoming a new trend in the IT market, many first-tier IT players including...
The midrange smartphone concept: Q&A with TL Lee, GM of MediaTek Wireless Communication Dept
Taiwan-based chip designer MediaTek has newly released its Helio P-series chipset solutions for smartphones,...
Taiwan ICT vendors have to offer turnkey solutions in Indonesia market: Q&A with TAITRA representative
Taiwan has adopted a New Southbound Policy eyeing trade opportunities from ASEAN and South Asia economies...
- Smartphone and tablet industry: The view from Taiwan - May 2012
Taiwan-based companies have a long and successful history of involvement in the supply chain for mobile devices, which for the purposes of this article consist...
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The global handset market did not have a banner year in 2009, with overall shipments of 1.167 billion units representing a drop of 3.2% from the previous year,...
- Taiwan handset industry overview - Jun 2008
The use of handsets continues to grow around the world, both in mature and emerging markets, as the communication devices become ever more ingrained in people's...
- Taiwan handset overview - Jun 2007
Global handset shipments topped 977 million units in 2006, according to Digitimes Research, with Taiwan-based handset makers accounting for 14% of the market on...
- China AMOLED panel capacity expansion forecast, 2016-2020
This Digitimes Research Special Report examines the China AMOLED industry, focusing on the expansion capacity of the makers, the current implementation plans of major smartphone vendors in the market and the technological hurdles faced by the China makers.
- Global AP demand forecast, 2017-2020
Digitimes Research expects global AP shipments to surpass the 1.9 billion mark in 2017, with smartphones remaining the main application. Qualcomm will be leading the market in 2017, as other players continue playing catch up and scramble for funds to invest in more diverse applications.
- Global notebook shipment forecast, 2017 and beyond
This Digitimes Special Report examines key factors in the notebook industry, including products, vendors and ODMs, that will affect total shipments in 2017 and through 2021.


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In advance of Food Day events planned nationwide, the Alliance for Food and Farming launched a "Meet a Real Farmer" initiative.
Set for Oct. 24, Food Day – sponsored by the Center for Science in the Public Interest, among others – promotes healthy, sustainably grown food in events planned nationwide.
The biggest rally is expected to be in New York's Times Square. Event details are at the Food Day website.
Earlier in the month, the Watsonville, Calif.-based nonprofit Alliance – which represents both conventional and organic growers – invited food, health and environment writers to contact farmers in the lead-up to Oct. 24.
"When we saw the Food Day events happening, we noticed they were encouraging people to 'Eat Real,'" said Marilyn Dolan, executive director for the Alliance. "They describe real as real fruits, vegetables and nuts grown in a sustainable fashion by farmers who have a commitment to the environment. Virtually every produce farmer we know fits that description."
Alliance materials sent to writers did offer to arrange meetings with farmers, but encouraged media to seek out their own sources.
"There seem to be a lot of issues with trust," Dolan said. "We wanted to promote this idea, but not be the ultimate facilitator. We feel a writer could reach out to any farmer and be surprised at how well they take care of the land and farm sustainably."
"It will be interesting to see if anybody takes us up on this. We've been sending it to writers all week. They've not contacted us, but it's possible they're doing something on their own."
"There's a lot of talk today about organic, about farmers markets and buying local, which is great," Dolan said. "But that's not always possible. Real food is what's in the produce department of every store in the country."
Dole, Bolthouse Farms mark Food Day
Separately, Dole Food Co. and Bolthouse Farms are marking Food Day Oct. 24 with graphics on selected products.
Dole plans to put Food Day stickers on 100 million bananas.
"We've had an ongoing dialogue with the Center (for Science in the Public Interest)," said Marty Ordman, vice president of marketing and communications at Dole. "They have a school component, and we've been doing outreach to schools for a while. So when they called us about the event, we liked what it stood for – trying to get people to eat more healthy. We thought it was a unique platform to get the message out to people to eat more fruits and vegetables."
Bakersfield, Calif.-based Bolthouse Farms planned to put similar graphics on 11 million bags of carrots, according to a news release.
Food Day's advisory board is chaired by Sen. Tom Harkin, D-Iowa, and Rep. Rosa DeLauro, D-Conn. Others on the board include urban farming proponent Will Allen; author Michael Pollan; former surgeons general Richard Carmona and David Satcher; executive directors of the American Public Health Association and American Dietetic Association, and cookbook author Nina Simonds.
The Times Square event was to feature an "Eat Real Eat In" with 50 sustainability advocates, among them Mario Batali, Morgan Spurlock, Ellie Krieger and Marion Nestle.
The type of event varies by location, but "Eat Real" is a theme everywhere.
(CORRECTED Oct. 24:) Dole put the Food Day stickers on 100 million bananas; an incorrect number appeared in the original story.


text:
Betting on an oil price rise
Slugcatcher and the man who might make $US5 billion from his oil bets.
BUNDABERG is set to be known as more than just the famous rum producer, with yet another biorefinery in Queensland from Utilitas, which pioneers anaerobic digestion biogas technology.
Slugcatcher and the man who might make $US5 billion from his oil bets.
Activists concerned by Planning Assessment Commission visit to NSW CSG development.
Oil Basins says Judith may be an overlooked giant after all, and ExxonMobil's moves open interest.
Credit Suisse's Aussie Aramco idea should not be so easily dismissed, veteran John Boardman says.
JV poised to spud one of the most important conventional Perth Basin exploration wells in years.
This Adelaide-based company has a technology that could revolutionise the gas and power sectors.
This Perth-based ASX-listed company has taken a king-making position in the Perth Basin.
EXPLORATION may not be in vogue at the moment, as Pilot Energy managing director Iain Smith acknowledges,...
This ASX-listed company is preparing to reinvigorate mature oil fields in the US with costs after development...
US-focused developer Sun Resources has consolidated its ground


text:
Wild Colorado: Mountain goats may be hunted in Summit County
January 6, 2012
A proposal to open a new mountain goat hunting area in the Tenmile Range goes before the Parks and Wildlife Commission next Thursday.
It's been in the works for a few years, district wildlife manager Sean Shepherd said. This summer, he and his Summit County partner, Shannon Schwab, hopped in a helicopter to do a census of the goat population. That count would help them finalize a recommendation for goat management through hunting.
The Parks and Wildlife Commission will consider whether to issue five resident mountain goat licenses for the proposed Unit G10, which encompasses the areas of Summit and Lake counties bounded on the north by Interstate 70; on the east by Colorado Highway 9 and Boreas Pass Road; on the south by the Continental Divide; and on the west by Colorado Highway 91 and Interstate 70.
The licenses would permit rifle hunting for the designated five on weekdays between mid-September and the end of October, which is consistent with the other three units existing in Summit County. If approved, the revision would be printed in regulation books and brochures, and licenses could be available this fall. It's not the only one on the table – another unit is proposed near Aspen, Shepherd said.
Some raise their eyebrows at opening a unit in a well-used area in the heart of Summit County. Bob Radocy, a Front Range resident who owns a second home in Dillon, questions why the recommendation isn't more narrow, to preclude rifle hunting.
"I'm personally not opposed to the wildlife management of these goats, if necessary, but I believe that allowing rifle hunting poses serious risk and disturbance to all the hikers that frequent the Tenmile (Range), especially on the Colorado Trail. There are other means of take, like archery, that are much less intrusive, yet effective," he said.
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He added that Division of Parks and Wildlife officials have previously limited methods of take in more sensitive areas.
Shepherd said he welcomes input from the public, but explained that considerations were taken to try to minimize user conflicts, such as the weekday provision.
"None of our units are open on weekends just because of the number of people that visit the High Country," Shepherd said, adding that the rifle license opens the door to as many hunters as possible. Archers aren't prolific, he said, though the license does allow that type of hunting.
There are also provisions in place for the licensed hunters. All hunters are required to know their targets and what's beyond, Shepherd said, adding that there's a seminar for those holding goat licenses to learn about mountain goats, their biology, how to hunt them, identify their sex and more. At that time, Shepherd gets personal contact with the hunters and maintains that contact throughout the season.
The hunting season is consistent with the rest of Summit County, Shepherd said, so people on the trail – particularly those using livestock like horses or llamas – should know to wear bright orange.
Shepherd said the population estimate for goats in the unit is around 50. That's nearly double what it was about 10 years ago, and it continues to be mostly centered around Quandary Peak.
The growing population made goats seem more prevalent to recreationists in the area. Goats tend to like to be around humans, because they lick salt and minerals from the ground. However, some people felt they've been aggressive and reported them as such, though Shepherd maintains goats are rarely aggressive unless highly agitated. Nevertheless, the complaints brought the goats into the spotlight, and game managers started taking a closer look at their population and effects on the land.
Hunting is used as a tool – often, the only tool – for controlling wildlife populations. The Division of Parks and Wildlife officials must balance a healthy mountain goat population with competing animals in the region. In this case, it's the bighorn sheep herd located south, along the Mosquito Range near Fairplay.
"It's a sensitive population we want to maintain," Shepherd said. "We want to be sure (the goats) don't emigrate further south. They can be faithful to an area they like, and they're pretty good about sticking around Quandary. But as their population increases, we know they'll be leaving and populating other areas."


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Rating: 3 stars
Address: 6640 E. Pacific Coast Highway, Long Beach.
Phone: 562-799-0278.
Cuisine: Exotic sushi rolls served with edgy, gastropub-ish dishes and a good selection of draft craft beers and sakes. It's in a shopping mall space just down from a busy Whole Foods Market, allowing you to gobble your rolls and take care of your shopping without having to move the car.
Hours: Lunch and dinner, every day.
Details: Beer and sake. Convenient mall parking. Reservations necessary for groups.
Prices: Appetizers, $3-$8. Sushi rolls, $8-$15. Entrees, $12-24.
Cards: MC, V.
There is a style consistent with many of the restaurants in the Long Beach Marina. They tend to be sprawling destinations, with oversized bars, open kitchens, large patios that overlook the water and portions that stagger the imagination — and the appetite.
They serve Marina Cuisine, which has much to do with rewarding diners for the effort they've made to drive to the water, park the car and meander on in, often to face a wait that can stretch on for quite a while.
White Wasabi Sushi & Beer is not like that. It's situated in a shopping mall near the water, but not actually on it. It's not crazy big; it's just the right size. The bar is a sushi bar. The portions are manageable. It may be the most civilized place to eat in the Marina.
It's also a fairly unique take on sushi and beer, with not just a long list of oddly named exotic sushi rolls, but also a menu of what at an Italian restaurant would call crudo — raw fish served in marinades with garnishes that move them from sashimi to something else altogether.
And hey, you can knock back a draft Allagash White while you're at it. This is the best of a whole lot of worlds.
The man behind White Wasabi is Sushi Chef Rain Pantana, who was last found at the very good (and very gone) Sashi in Manhattan Beach. He's the sort of committed sushi chef who gets up before dawn to buy his fish fresh and right off the boat. He buys his vegetables at local farmer's markets.
He does it the old school way, even if he's working in a new school context. The room is Industrial Moderne, with some distressed wood tossed in for good measure. There's open ductwork up above, and an industrial fan. It looks like a tidied up gastropub. But, I guess, that's what it is.
I'm one of those laddies who's happy as long as I've got a nice cold one in hand. Along with the always tasty Allagash White, there's Mama's Li'l Yella Pils, Witte Ommegang, Colette Farmhouse Ale, Stone IPA and Sapporo on tap at $7 a pop.
There are eight sakes, all reasonably priced as sake goes. There are five wines — an oddly eclectic bunch, most of which are organic. (I guess you can drink wine with this food, same as you can drink wine with barbecue, but beer and sake seem so much better.)
Should you want to go with a classic menu of nigiri sushi, there's an option called the "Classic Menu" that is mostly classic, though dishes like "salmon cream cheese" and "spicy shrimp and crab" do start moving into another realm of sushi.
But it's when you hit the section of the menu headed "Bigger (Special Rolls)" that the zany really takes hold. The list begins with a Prosciutto Roll — salami, goat cheese and shrimp tempura, wrapped in prosciutto and then (Lord have mercy!) deep-fried. It's an Italian-Japanese bar snack. It's the anti-sushi, come to Long Beach.
As is the well-established (and well-accepted) tradition, the names of the rolls rarely match the ingredients. The Charlie Brown Roll is made with shrimp tempura, avocado, spicy shrimp and crab, which has what to do with Snoopy's best friend?
The very tasty Handle Bar Roll is lobster atop a blue crab roll, with Thai chili paste and crispy shallots.
The Scotland Yard Roll is spicy salmon, asparagus, shrimp tempura, cream cheese, seared salmon, jalapeno sauce and — wait for it — crispy parsnips. I do like parsnips, I'm just not sure I've ever had them in a Japanese restaurant before. But then, White Wasabi is something else again.
A good deal of that something else again is found under the heading "Fish Plate (Special Sashimi)." The first crudo is Salmon Wasachio, which is sliced salmon topped with "wasachio sauce." I Googled "wasachio" and it's apparently something they made up: wasabi plus... what? Pistachio?
There's a whitefish prep that involves black garlic, sage, porcini butter and olive oil. Once again, this may be the most Italian sushi bar in town. But I'm not complaining.
It's also a restaurant where, if you want, you can get teriyaki — chicken, beef, salmon — or mixed tempura. You can get Brussels sprouts in garlic butter. And, as I like to point out, you can go shopping afterwards at the nearby Whole Foods, without having to move your car. They have sushi at Whole Foods, too, but it doesn't come close to White Wasabi.
Merrill Shindler is a Los Angeles-based freelance dining critic. Send him an email at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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SANTA ANA – The Nicholas Academic Centers celebrated record student achievement this weekend at their fourth annual Thanksgiving Dinner event for more than 300 Santa Ana high school students and their families.
Broadcom Co-Founder Henry T. Nicholas, III and Santa Ana Mayor Miguel Pulido, hosted the event held Friday at Valley High. They both praised the "NAC Model"—a nurturing educational "family" that combines personal tutoring, cultural enrichment and social and family support for under-served high school students.
"The NACs succeed where others fail because we create a support system that includes students, staff, parents and high school counselors," said Dr. Nicholas, who established the first center in 2008 with retired Superior Court Judge Jack Mandel. "It's a model that works. One hundred percent of our students go on to college, and we're going to ensure that every one of them earns a degree."
Currently, 231 NAC alumni are attending top colleges around the country, such as Notre Dame, Georgetown, UC Berkeley, UCLA, and Smith College. Half of the students from the first NAC class are set to graduate from college this year and 87% will graduate within five years. Among Hispanic students nationally, only 13 percent finish college, according to the National Center for Educational Statistics.
NAC students have earned more than $3 million in scholarships and financial aid.
"The Nicholas Academic Centers are profoundly changing education," Pulido said. "At Broadcom, Dr. Nicholas used brilliance and drive as a pioneer in the technology industry. Now, in collaboration with Judge Mandel, he has created an inner-city program that rivals the achievements of the nation's best private schools."
In a statement, Thelma Meléndez de Santa Ana, Ph.D., Superintendent of the Santa Ana Unified School District, voiced her support for the NACs:
"We are fortunate to have many innovative partnerships in our district, and none more important than our work with the Nicholas Academic Centers," the Superintendent said. "The Centers have a profound impact on our students and demonstrate how we can work together to prepare all of our students to be college and career ready, and to assume their roles as part of the global citizenry."
At the dinner celebration, NAC alumna Ivonne Huitron, now a junior at UC Irvine, told attendees how the NAC "family" has changed her life.
To see a video of the dinner, click here.
"I don't know where I would have been if it were not for NAC," said Huitron, who is majoring in Public Health and thinking about going to medical school or being a teacher. "Now I'm in college and looking forward to a brighter future. From my heart, I am so grateful to everyone at the NAC."
Among other NAC milestones:
-The NAC's 100% college enrollment rate far exceeds the 72% of all California public school graduates who continue on to college. More dramatic is the comparison nationally with Hispanic high school graduates, of whom only 59.7% went directly to college in 2010, according to the NCES.
-To date, 95% of NAC graduates who went on to four-year colleges are still enrolled. This contrasts with nationwide sophomore retention rates for all students of less than 80%, and only 47% for Hispanics, according to the College Board.
-About 25 of NAC alumni now in college are benefiting from the California Dream Act, under which undocumented immigrant students can qualify for financial aid, and the federal Deferred Action program, which enables young, long-time immigrants to avoid deportation.


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'Jungle Gym Mommy' Yoga
posted on June 1st, 2011
As any mom would testify, it can be challenging to fit everything into the day, and one of the first things to go tends to be exercise. In order to keep "Away from Draco time" (Daddy watching time and also naptime) reserved for showers and book writing, I've taken to exercising with Draco within the walls of a play area we've set up in the dining room. No, we don't have a ginormous dining room.
You see, we have no dining room table.
Nope just a big, plastic, multicolored playpen within sight of the kitchen and the living room TV, and big enough to fit a few yoga mats side-by-side. And now that Draco is 8 months old, crawling, and pulling himself up on anything he can reach, I engage almost daily in what I like to call "Jungle Gym Mommy" Yoga.
Lemme tell ya, it's a unique challenge to hang out in downward dog while your hair is being pulled or stand in tree pose while a little monkey tries to climb up your leg. I think I'm building character. You know, determination despite obstacles, "making it work," sharpening my multitasking skills, etc. I've even nursed during shavasana. No, I'm not kidding.
It's actually fun coming up with ways to entertain him during each pose. Can I give him a kiss on the forehead as I transition into upward dog? Can I blow on his face and make him laugh as I come out of a twist pose? Watching him try to climb up my legs with such earnestness and saving him from bad falls all while staying in triangle (and trying not to fall myself!)
ah, these are when memories are made. In between these various memories, I keep my breath long and steady, so I really feel that I'm getting most of the benefits, anyway!
Sure it's pretty inconvenient, a little uncomfortable and sometimes downright painful, but you know what? I LOVE it. They're not this young for very long, as I understand it. He won't always try to climb up my leg...
I'll never forget these days of my little monkey baby and the Jungle Gym Mommy Yoga. :)
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I am so relieved that the U.S. presidential election is finally over. The past year—and especially recent months—have been marked by an undercurrent of anxiety, with otherwise-loving families having cocktail-soaked dinner wars and old friends severing Facebook ties over national policy issues. Perhaps now we can all stop bickering and get down to business.
Or perhaps we can't: Partisan gridlock had already reached a pretty intense level well before election season arrived and, with a divided Congress and electorate, there may be no end in sight. Still, I became just a bit more optimistic after attending the National Business Aviation Association's annual convention in Orlando, Fla., in October. As in past years, I was impressed by the incredible sense of community and spirit within the business aviation family.
One thing that gave me hope were the general-session talks by married political consultants James Carville (a 2008 BJT cover subject) and his wife Mary Matalin. As usual, both were intense, and as usual, they concurred on almost nothing—aside from the fact that they clearly agree they belong together. If a couple with views that opposite can keep their marriage intact, perhaps the rest of us can learn to work more harmoniously with one another.
A sign of just how charged the political climate has become was the reaction we received to a recent blog post by our editor, Jeff Burger, about President Obama and business aviation. The post included some criticism of the president but also questioned the industry's response to a statement by Obama. One reader commented on our site: "I can't believe Business Jet Traveler would allow this article."
In fact, I'm proud that BJT would publish an article like this. Our goal is not to promote any particular point of view. Instead, we exist to serve our readers by presenting a wide range of information and astute, well-reasoned viewpoints. And we invite you to join the discussion via letters, emails and comments on BJTonline stories. We may not all always agree, but if we can exchange ideas while maintaining a civil tone, that's a step in the right direction.


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Retention and Duration of Activity of SPL7013 (VivaGel®) After Vaginal Dosing.
This study has been completed.
Starpharma Pty Ltd
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Information provided by (Responsible Party):
Starpharma Pty Ltd
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: August 21, 2008
Last updated: July 5, 2012
Last verified: July 2012
- Full Text View
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- Study Results
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
To assess the retention and anti-viral activity (human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus 2 (genital herpes, HSV-2) of SPL7013 in cervicovaginal samples taken up to 24 hours after administration of 3% SPL7013 in the vagina. There is no hypothesis for this study.
|HIV Infections HSV-2 Genital Herpes
|Drug: 3% SPL7013 Gel (VivaGel)
|Phase 1 Phase 2
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: None (Open Label)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
|Official Title:
|Assessment of Local Retention and Duration of Activity of SPL7013 Following Vaginal Application of 3% SPL7013 Gel (VivaGel) in Healthy Volunteers
Resource links provided by NLM:
MedlinePlus related topics: HIV/AIDSU.S. FDA Resources
Further study details as provided by Starpharma Pty Ltd:
Primary Outcome Measures:
- HIV Antiviral Activity of Each of the Cervico-vaginal Samples (Samples Taken From the Vagina Using the Softcup) [ Time Frame: at 3 hours ]
The HIV antiviral activity is the ability of each sample taken from the vagina (cervico-vaginal (CV) sample) to inhibit HIV virus from infecting a specific cell culture.
The inhibition of HIV in the presence of the CV sample is compared to the inhibition of HIV in the cell culture with no CV sample added. This allows an assessment of the affect that the CV sample has.
Secondary Outcome Measures:
- Incidence of Adverse Experiences [ Time Frame: Approximately 13 weeks ]
|Study Start Date:
|August 2008
|Study Completion Date:
|March 2009
|Primary Completion Date:
|March 2009 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
|Assigned Interventions
Experimental: Open Label, only arm
3%w/w SPL7013 vaginal gel (VivaGel)
Drug: 3% SPL7013 Gel (VivaGel)
A single application of VivaGel applied to the vagina on five separate occasions, each occasion separated by a minimum of 5 days.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years to 45 Years (Adult)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Healthy women aged 18-45 with regular menstrual cycles, free from sexually transmitted infections and using adequate contraception
Exclusion Criteria:
- Any condition, including genital conditions, sexually transmitted infection, menopause, and/or allergies that would make the study participant unsuitable for the study.
- Pregnancy or breast-feeding
Contacts and Locations
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below. For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00740584
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00740584
|Nucleus Network
|Melbourne, Australia
Sponsors and Collaborators
Starpharma Pty Ltd
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
More Information
Keywords provided by Starpharma Pty Ltd:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017
Price CF, Tyssen D, Sonza S, Davie A, Evans S, Lewis GR, Xia S, Spelman T, Hodsman P, Moench TR, Humberstone A, Paull JR, Tachedjian G. SPL7013 Gel (VivaGel®) retains potent HIV-1 and HSV-2 inhibitory activity following vaginal administration in humans. PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e24095. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024095. Epub 2011 Sep 15.
|Responsible Party:
|Starpharma Pty Ltd
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT00740584 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
NIH contract HHSN266200500042C
DAIDS ES number 10730
|Study First Received:
|August 21, 2008
|Results First Received:
|April 3, 2012
|Last Updated:
|July 5, 2012
Keywords provided by Starpharma Pty Ltd:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Herpes Genitalis
Herpes Simplex
HIV Infections
Lentivirus Infections
Retroviridae Infections
RNA Virus Infections
Virus Diseases
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Immune System Diseases
Herpesviridae Infections
DNA Virus Infections
Genital Diseases, Male
Genital Diseases, Female
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017


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MINNEAPOLIS Target has announced three new consumer electronics services -- 1-877-myTGTtech, Target Mobile and Target Electronics Trade-In.
"Our goal is to create the best and easiest shopping experience for our guests. As we continue to grow and enhance our consumer electronics business, we designed 1-877-myTGTtech to assist guests with any questions and technical support on their electronics purchases," said Mark Schindele, SVP Target. "Target Electronics Trade-In offers our guests an opportunity to upgrade their consumer electronics items for less and Target Mobile ensures a convenient cell phone shopping experience."
According to Target, 1-877-myTGTtech is a no-charge technical support hotline for all Target store consumer electronic purchases as well as pre-purchase questions. Target Mobile offers customers a simplified mobile phone shopping exeprience, said the company, and this summer Target is expanding the number of stores offering full-service mobile phone centers as an added convenience to guests. The centers, a partnership with RadioShack, will be available in approximately 850 stores by the end of the year and in the majority of Target stores nationwide by mid-2011. The Target Electronics Trade-In program allows consumers to trade in old electronics devices for store credit.


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Sweatshirts. Can you think of a dreamier word? Cosy, cool and awe-worthy. The sweatshirt is the ultimate piece of clothing. Make a statement in a statement sweat, or keep it on the down low in a hoodie sweat. We also got long sweats, cropped sweats, fancy sweats, quilted sweats and oversized sweats.
Find new arrivals in New In
For the latest news, get on our list


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