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The nice folks at MediaLab-Prado in Madrid, Spain brought to our attention the Garage Science Workshop-Seminar that will be taking place between January 28th and February 14th 2009.
What is a Garage Science Workshop-Seminar, you ask? MediaLab-Prado explains:
The socialization of technology and the accessibility of information available on the Web make it increasingly easy for anyone to have the possibility of building a home laboratory. Garage science is nothing new but home laboratories are connected now more than ever before. There are home laboratories of all kinds: technology factories, chemistry or biology labs, artists' studios, places to rehearse, etc.
These home laboratories have a worldwide scope via the Web, which serves as a space for the dissemination of projects and the exchange of knowledge and techniques. These online communities are accompanied by a proliferation of onsite events, such as dorkbots, barcamps and hackmeetings, where people who only knew each other via the Web can meet face to face and share their achievements and experiences.
The communities formed this way provide citizens with the capacity to develop scientific-technical knowledge comparable to what is produced in the major laboratories. "Citizen science" can serve to explore questions such as: How are the foods we eat made? What possibilities exist in biogenetic research? What is the code that makes the machines we use work? How are those machines manufactured? Based on this knowledge, experimental and critical formulations and objects can be produced proposing new paths and goals in these fields.
Interactivos?'09 aims to explore these practices, where art, science and technology meet. We invite the participants to turn medialab into a garage laboratory where low-cost, accessible materials are used to develop objects and installations that combine software, hardware and biology. There's license to fail!
As you can see, this event looks to be quite interesting and should be quite inviting for the DIYBio folks and their projects.
Keep in mind that final call for projects and papers is December 14th 2008.
Tags: Biology, DIY, DIYbio, garage, Madrid, Science, seminar, Spain, technology, workshop
Trackback link: http://blog.openwetware.org/community/2008/11/28/interactivos09-garage-science/trackback/


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#1: wearing hair half-up + haircut?
I almost always wear my hair with the sides up. I have thick, 3A hair. I don't worry much about having layers cut to frame my face but I do like the layers in the back to be long and to blend. However, I have noticed that if I look at the layers before and after pinning the sides up, it changes, making me wonder - would you have your hair cut any differently if you were wearing it sides up all the time?

subset: commoncrawl


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Surrey man charged in Vancouver double-shooting
A Surrey man has been charged in relation to a double shooting in Vancouver in October.
A Surrey man has been charged with a double shooting in Vancouver last month.
Charges have now been laid against Surrey's Steven Thoung Sitthikoun, 27, in the Oct. 21 shooting on Commercial Drive.
Sitthikoun has been charged with two counts of attempted murder with a firearm.
Sitthikoun has a lengthy history with the courts, and was found guilty of an assault that took place in Abbotsford April 5 this year.
He remains in custody until his next appearance in Provincial Court on Dec. 5 at 9:30 a.m.
We encourage an open exchange of ideas on this story's topic, but we ask you to follow our guidelines for respecting community standards. Personal attacks, inappropriate language, and off-topic comments may be removed, and comment privileges revoked, per our Terms of Use. Please see our FAQ if you have questions or concerns about using Facebook to comment.


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Megatron, Gremlins, Pacific Rim, ET, Arkham City, More!...
If you're still looking for a Hot Toys Iron Man Mark VII, Storm Shadow or Catwoman figure, keep your eyes on the website this week, as we may have a very small amount of each pop back up for sale.
We had hoped to see the Hot Toys Hulk figures this week, but it looks like the big green guy won't be in until next week.
Finally, we've added a new feature to the website that should make your shipping total more evident during the checkout process. Simply add any item to your cart and enter your zip code (or country for international orders) and the amount should display automatically. If you're already logged in to the site, the shipping total should display automatically.
Have a great week!
Marc Bowker, Owner
Alter Ego Comics
AlterEgoComics.com is finalizing our orders for the following items. Pre-order today to guarantee availability.
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Find all these great items and more at AlterEgoComics.com!


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Editor's note: Kim Parks is vice president of DFA Risk Management (www.dfariskmanagement.
com), which offers customized risk-management programs to aid producers in managing dairy risk.
How quickly things change! Last year, the dairy industry experienced severe heat and drought conditions in many areas of the country. This year, with increased moisture throughout the Corn Belt, analysts are forecasting nearly tripling corn stocks from one year to the next.
Weather conditions in the United States and globally influence fastchanging market dynamics, leading to increased volatility in markets ranging from dairy to feed and energy. These sudden shifts put some dairy producers in a difficult position, especially in predicting or locking in future margins.
The desire for upside potential in dairy risk-management strategies is rising as dairy producers increasingly need predictability and the ability to prevent negative returns. And, of course, the desire remains to capture better results if the markets are giving them.
Strategies to consider
A situation in which milk production is hedged but feed costs have increased leaves a producer vulnerable to lower margins, or even potentially negative margins. Fortunately, to avoid the uncertainty that lies ahead with milk and feed markets, you can employ strategies to strengthen your risk-management plan.
Buying a call is a simple risk-management strategy that gives upside for your fixed price milk hedging strategy. This strategy allows you to participate in rising markets as they occur. Buying a call involves premiums, like insurance, which can be pricey compared to other upside strategies. This approach can bring additional dollars to your hedged milk, if a market rally occurs.
If your milk is unhedged, another alternative is buying a put — setting a minimum price for your milk. Like the prior strategy, buying a put involves paying a premium.
An alternative milk risk-management strategy that would include some upside participation is buying a put and selling a call. This is similar to the strategy above, but the upside potential in your milk market is limited because of capping the upside. Capping your upside participation results in lower premium costs, which often makes the strategy more appealing to dairy producers.
For dairies that market to companies offering risk-management programs, the above examples can be executed via a milk forward contract. These strategies are available with no upfront costs or margin calls with many cooperative forward- contract programs.
Consider feed prices, as well
Similar to the need for upside participation in the milk market, many dairy producers are interested in downside participation for feed prices. There also are strategies available for these concerns. For example, you can purchase a call option on corn to allow for downside participation if the corn market moves lower.
The value of adding upside opportunity to your risk-management strategy may be useful in times when the milk market increases substantially or the corn market decreases. For some producers, there is additional value in the peace-of-mind that their operation is protected from lower markets, but they can benefit on any upside the market gives.


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Photo courtesy of Zillow
Kathleen Philips, the general counsel of real estate website Zillow, is adding a new title to her resumé: chief operating officer.
Philips has served as the company's GC since 2010, notably helping to facilitate its initial public offering in 2011. She also has seen the website through six acquisitions in less than two years, as well as heading up its 65-person San Francisco office.
"Kathleen is an incredibly valuable member of our executive team, and this title much better describes the breadth of responsibilities she has successfully taken on over the last couple of years," Zillow CEO Spencer Rascoff said in a statement.
Before joining Zillow, Philips served as general counsel of companies including FanSnap Inc., a ticket search engine; Pure Digital Technologies, which was acquired by Cisco in 2009; StubHub; and Hotwire.com.
Zillow lost two executives this week with the departures of Bob Bemis, vice president of partner relations, and Duane Fouts, director of partner relations.
For more career news on InsideCounsel, see:
12 noteworthy in-house career moves
Cameron Findlay appointed Archer Daniels Midland GC


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Note: This item is more than five years old. Please take the publication date into consideration for any date references.
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News Release
Media Contact: TPWD News, email@example.com, 512-389-8030
Dec. 2, 2011
Low Lake Level Allows Habitat Improvements at Lake Fork
ATHENS—Members of the Lake Fork Sportsman's Association (LFSA) partnered with Texas Parks and Wildlife Department's (TPWD) Inland Fisheries Division staff in making fish habitat improvements at Lake Fork on November 30.
Taking advantage of drought-induced low water levels that have exposed shorelines, teams planted 400 buttonbush plants at various sites. Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), a native woody shrub commonly called "buckbrush," was chosen in an attempt to establish woody cover for fishes. When inundated by water, it helps provide great bass fishing.
Lake Fork has had a long history of relatively stable water levels. This has been advantageous in that it has mostly translated into stable aquatic habitat and fish production. However, during the recent drought the disadvantage of this stability became evident. The lake elevation has dropped to an all-time record low, exposing shorelines and reducing cover which provides young fish shelter from predation and ambush cover for feeding adult sportfish. Lake Fork will likely be subject to more water level fluctuations in the future as the City of Dallas increases pumping operations on the lake, especially if the current drought persists.
In lakes where there are prolonged draw-downs, communities of assorted plants will colonize exposed sediment. These include emergent aquatic plants such as smartweed, sedges and rushes, along with a variety of terrestrial plants including shrubs and trees. Woody plants such as willows will grow rapidly along the shoreline, and when substantial amounts of rainfall return to the watershed and the lake elevation rises enough, the plants can become partially or totally inundated. The "cover" that these plants provide creates shelter for fish and acts as a substrate for the establishment of many organisms in the aquatic food chain. Some of the woodier plants are persistent and will survive for many years and provide benefits to the ecosystem.
The first step in this habitat enhancement plan materialized in March 2011, when the LFSA purchased 1,000 bare-root buttonbush plants from a local tree nursery and planted them at selected locations throughout the reservoir. Survival of these small plants, most less than two feet in length, was low. At some of the planting sites they were trampled by feral hogs.
The second stage in LFSA's habitat project began to take shape this past summer. The opportunity to purchase larger plants presented itself when a fish farmer in Columbus, Texas, approached TPWD looking for potential customers for 400 two-year old buttonbush plants. These larger plants should experience better survival. The LFSA agreed to underwrite the majority ($1,900) of the purchase price, and TPWD contributed $650. Bushes were planted at different elevations to hedge against future water-level changes.
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(5.4.16 i)


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Young hurlers showing promise in Rangers rotation
MINNEAPOLIS -- There's been very little letdown for the Rangers in the first month of the season.
An efficient 2-1 victory on Thursday in the first of a four-game series with the Minnesota Twins pushed the Rangers to their 15th win, maintaining one of the best starts in baseball (15-7). Having yet to lose a series this season, Texas is the only team that has not lost back-to-back games.
A surging pitching staff that has shown impressive depth in the season's early goings has rooted the Rangers' furious start. From ace Yu Darvish's near perfect game in the second game of the year onward, the Rangers have allowed three runs or fewer in 15 of their 22 games and hold the lowest ERA in the American League.
And they've done it with young starters Nick Tepesch and Justin Grimm, who entered the year with little to no big league experience.
But their lack of experience has barely shown. Both have provided tremendous stability on the back end of the Rangers' rotation, with a combined 2.60 ERA in five starts.
Grimm, who pitched in five games last season, has a chance Friday to further lower his 2.70 ERA in his third start since being called up in early April to fill injured left-hander Matt Harrison's spot.
His start comes one day after Tepesch carried a no-hitter into the fifth inning of his fourth career appearance en route to a one-run, five-hit performance Thursday against the Twins.
Manager Ron Washington has been measured with his responses when asked if he's surprised with how well his pitching staff has fared, given the youth that dots both the starting rotation and the bullpen.
"We had to give these guys a chance, and by giving them a chance, we had to set up a boundary or an atmosphere," Washington said Friday. "I don't care if you're young. You have to get it done. It's that simple …They're earning their stripes."
Grimm labored through his first start as he made it through only four innings at Seattle, despite only surrendering two runs. But Washington noticed Grimm was starting to establish a comfort level by the time his next start rolled around 10 days later. Facing Seattle once again, Grimm struck out nine Mariners batters in six innings while allowing just one run.
"I was telling him to quit fighting himself," Washington said. "He said, 'Yeah, I was out there competing against myself instead of Seattle.' So I said why don't you change that and start competing against Seattle. The location of his pitches were better ... He still got into some trouble, but he was still able to make a pitch to get out of it."
Nate Sandell is a contributor to MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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Monday, May 30, 2011
A small cottage in Patmos Island
6 comments :
Waou... just amazing... I love so much.. I'll take it for a post on my blog too... thanks, i'ts great!!ReplyDelete
Oh yes, what a perfect sanctuary! I'm daydreaming that I'm there right now!ReplyDelete
xo Mary Jo
I love the flooring...gorgeous. It looks so quiet and peaceful. Heavenly.ReplyDelete
θεούλη μου! το αλάτι το kallas στο πεζούλι! Ελλάδα!ReplyDelete
I love the rustic and classical cottage. Perfect for people like me who wants to be closer to nature.ReplyDelete
That looks like a very lovely place. Time seems to pass by slowly there. Patmos Island will be a great place to retire.ReplyDelete
crown lanta resort & spa
I love comments! Go ahead, leave one and make my day!
Please, do not add links to your website or products on the comment section. Such comments will be marked as spam and be deleted. Thanks.


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HOUSTON, May 21, 2013 — Asia Society Texas Center hosted a reception for Mr. Ashok Kumar Mirpuri, Singapore's Ambassador to the United States, who came to Houston on Tuesday. Here, he speaks with us briefly about the Center's importance. (50 sec.)
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Asia Society takes no institutional position on policy issues and has no affiliation with any government. All views expressed in its publications and on its website are the sole responsibility of the author or authors.


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by Judge Greg Galler
After 25 days of trial, a Florida jury found George Zimmerman not guilty. Was justice done? That question has dominated political conversation in America. Some want to interject a discussion about race relations into the trial analysis. While those concerns are appropriate on a wider scale, they are misplaced when talking about a single jury trial.
A jury trial occurs at the individual level. Juries are not convened to determine social policy on a societal level.
The proper question is whether or not the case was tried fairly in accordance with the law. If it was, then justice was done.
Over the years I have tried or presided over many trials. I have always been impressed by the work of jurors. Without exception they are incredibly conscientious. They devote great effort into focusing on the witness's testimony, the exhibits, and on the law given to them in the jury instructions.
You may have come to conclusions in your own mind about whether or not the outcome of the trial was just. However, we all likely know far less about the trial than we may think.
We each get our news from various sources. Every news organization reports in a manner that leans a certain way. Some are more conservative, others more liberal. Reporters distill a day's worth of trial into a brief report of what they thought was the most important – or perhaps most sensational – part of the day. Commentators then try to persuade us as to what it all means.
Jurors receive information directly and unfiltered. They personally hear every word spoken including testimony, opening statements and closing arguments. They see every exhibit. They listen to all of the judge's rulings and instructions. They also take an oath to follow the law's requirements. They don't hear from pundits who put their own "spin" on what the trial is about.
Jurors, not reporters or commentators, are told that they are not to allow bias, prejudice or sympathy to affect their decisions. Only jurors are instructed to "Base your verdict entirely upon the evidence, which has been received in court, and upon the law, which has been given to you in the instructions."
Jurors are to decide cases based on the merits — not on outside influences.
Recall the statute of "Lady Justice." She holds a set of scales before her and is blindfolded. She weighs the merits of the case without peeking to see who is before her. The law must treat everyone according to the same rules, no matter who they are, and without regard to public opinion.
Finally, recall that in a criminal trial the state must prove every element of its case beyond any "reasonable doubt." This is the highest standard in our legal system. It is used to ensure that people aren't wrongly convicted of crimes they did not commit.
It is our agreement as a society to accept and apply these rules and concepts to everyone so that when disputes arise they can be peaceably resolved in court.
Judge Galler is chambered in Washington County. Learn more about Judge Galler, or listen to a podcast of his columns at www.judgegreggaller.com.


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[Page 216]
|Tarbus School
(top row right to left) Stein (Shtein), Rachmiel Ruch, Honeh Arsh, Jacob Givovski, Hotse Katz;
(middle row, right) David Sudovski, Michel Harmetz, Yehiel Zamet, Hallel Eidelson,
Josef Kaspi, Joshua Tzin, Avrum Yoselevitz;
(front row right): Bunia Goldberg, Ephraim Grinberg, Fruma Gringard,
Vlades Adamonit (Lithuanian), Shifra Loifer, Rivke Nahumovitz
|Hashomer Hatza'ir Rokiskis, 18 June 1927
Laibke Milkin, Sara-Beyleh Epshtyn, Yente Flakh, Ete Rukh, unknown, Roha-Ayte Kremer,
Rivke Nahumovits, Blume Arsh, Bsyh Rif, Ete Vyner, Sara Pots, Mire Valavetsky,
Aysr Valpeh, Hana-Elke Kremer, Sima Vyngryn, Eley-Leah Kremer, Laibke Hurvits,
Israel-Shimkhe Shtyn, Chaim-Tuvyh Kats, Noteh Sytovits, Sher, unknown,
Rubyn Blumzan, Roha-Ayte Arelovits, Bun, Merke Kats, Israel Levin, Nyson Levin,
Itshak Rybak, Gite Rosenkovits, Shayne Levin, Nekhemeh Shymelovits, Bun,
Peshke from Beth-Hytymym, Roha-Ayte Kremer, Naftaly Sarver, Moishe Nahumovits
[names are listed without reference to location in photo]
JewishGen, Inc. makes no representations regarding the accuracy of
the translation. The reader may wish to refer to the original material
for verification.
JewishGen is not responsible for inaccuracies or omissions in the original work and cannot rewrite or edit the text to correct inaccuracies and/or omissions.
Our mission is to produce a translation of the original work and we cannot verify the accuracy of statements or alter facts cited.
Rokiskis, Lithuania Yizkor Book Project JewishGen Home Page
Copyright © 1999-2017 by JewishGen, Inc.
Updated 16 May 2003 by OR


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text:
Plate adjustments paying off for Arencibia
SURPRISE, Ariz. -- The Rangers wanted to see more from catcher J.P. Arencibia in the closing days of Spring Training. Arencibia is responding to the challenge.
Arencibia, who was not in the lineup on Sunday but replaced Geovany Soto in the second inning, was 2-for-3 with a double on Saturday against the Royals, and he has six hits in his last 16 at-bats. Manager Ron Washington said Arencibia has been working with hitting coach Dave Magadan on covering the whole plate rather than pulling off. A double to right-center on Saturday was a good sign.
"It's just a progression of Spring Training," Arencibia said. "Unfortunately I don't play winter ball in the offseason, so I'm not in shape to go full-go right away. The more at-bats you get, that stuff will come. The last five games, the consistency has been there. I've been working with Dave to tighten things down."
The Rangers signed Arencibia this offseason to be their backup catcher, but now he finds himself trying to stave off the challenge of Robinson Chirinos.
"I just had to step on the gas a little bit more, no more working on things and going about it trying to get ready for March 31," Arencibia said. "Now it's just about going out there and playing."
T.R. Sullivan is a reporter for MLB.com. Read his blog, Postcards from Elysian Fields, and follow him on Twitter @Sullivan_Ranger. Corey Brock is a reporter for MLB.com. Keep track of @FollowThePadres on Twitter. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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Fayette County fell to third place for health status and economic factors among Georgia's 159 counties as ranked in the Partner Up! for Public Health campaign's 2013 Power Rankings, the campaign announced earlier this month.
Oconee County, a fast-growing suburban county in northeast Georgia, claimed first place, having tied with Fayette for the top spot in 2012. The new-second place finisher is Forsyth County.
There was, however, a tie at the bottom of the rankings. Crisp and Wilcox counties, which adjoin one another in South Central Georgia, finished in a tie for last place among Georgia's 159 counties.
Funded by Healthcare Georgia Foundation, the Partner Up! for Public Health campaign has for the past two years compiled and published Health and Economic Power Ratings that combine county-level health outcomes rankings produced by the University of Wisconsin with economic rankings calculated by the Georgia Department of Community Affairs (DCA) in connection with the state's job tax credits program.
The University of Wisconsin program provides health outcomes rankings for most of the counties in the United States, including all 159 in Georgia, based on a variety of factors, including premature death, the percentage of the population reporting being in poor or fair health, the number of work-days missed for reasons of poor mental or physical health, and the percentage of babies born at low birth weight.
The DCA job tax credit rankings are built on a formula that incorporates average per capita income, the local unemployment rate, and the local poverty rate. Because the purpose of the job tax credit program is to steer jobs to Georgia's poorest counties, the DCA rankings list counties from worst to best. For the purpose of its analysis, the Partner Up! campaign reversed the DCA rankings to compare it to the University of Wisconsin Health outcomes rankings.
The Partner Up! for Public Health Power Ratings add the resulting economic rankings to the health outcomes rankings and then divide the total by two. As it did last year, Oconee County finished No. 1 in the economic rankings and No. 3 in the health outcomes rankings – producing a Partner Up! Power Rating of 2.
Last year, Fayette County, in the South Metro area, was No. 1 for health outcomes and No. 3 in the economic rankings, tying with Oconee. This year, however, it slipped to 2nd in the health rankings and 5th in the economic rankings, with a Power Rating of 3.5. Forsyth County, in the North Metro area, claimed the top health outcomes ranking and held onto the same 4th place ranking in economics that it had last year to claim an overall 2nd place behind Oconee, with a Partner Up! Power Rating of 2.5.
At the bottom of the Partner Up! rankings, South Georgia neighbors Crisp and Wilcox had very similar health and economic rankings that in turn produced identical Power Ratings of 150.5. Wilcox County came in 155th for health outcomes and 146th for economic vitality. Its adjoining neighbor to the west, Crisp County finished 150th for health outcomes and 151st for economic vitality.
Charles Hayslett, CEO of Hayslett Group LLC, which is managing the Partner Up! campaign, said the purpose of the annual Partner Up! Power Rankings is to spotlight the linkage between health status and economic vitality at a community level and to encourage the state's leaders to develop policies that recognize and address those relationships.
"One of the things we came to realize early in this campaign is that the State of Georgia really doesn't seem to have a coordinated strategy for addressing the very difficult challenges facing Georgia's poorest and least healthy counties," said Hayslett. "We've got some areas of rural South Georgia that are for all practical purposes disaster areas both economically and in terms of health status."
Hayslett said the contrast between Oconee County at the top of the Partner Up! Power Rankings and Crisp and Wilcox at the bottom of the rankings "should tell us just about all we need to know about this problem and its severity.
"Crisp and Wilcox, side-by-side neighbors in south central Georgia, have a combined population that is just about equal to Oconee's," he said. "The 2012 Census estimates put both Oconee and Crisp-Wilcox combined at about 33,000 people, but that's where the similarity ends. The per capita income in Oconee is double that of Crisp or Wilcox, and the premature death rate in Crisp and Wilcox is more than double Oconee's.
"Substantially more people in Crisp and Wilcox report being in poor or fair health than in Oconee, and they say they miss more work for reasons of poor physical or mental health," he added. "And those results are mirrored in health care costs. According to data from the Department of Community Health, Georgia's total FY 2012 Medicaid spending for Crisp and Wilcox combined was $44.2 million versus $11.2 million for Oconee – for, again, nearly identical populations.
"Our argument isn't that we need to cut Medicaid spending in Crisp and Wilcox, but we do think the magnitude and gravity of the economic and health crises in certain parts of rural Georgia are such that we need to break the mold and look for a strategy that addresses those and other issues in combination," said Hayslett. "It seems clear that we are not going to be able to improve the economies of many of these areas without, among other things, improving the health of the populations that reside there, and that will probably require an invigorated and expanded public health effort as well as state-backed efforts to encourage private providers – physicians and hospitals – to go into underserved areas."


text:
Spittle slid down her face as Juliana Ibarra stood, frozen, in the aisle of the Blockbuster store.
She'd run in for a video, looking for an evening's entertainment for herself and her foster kids. Just another Northglenn mom in a hurry.
But Juliana's entrance quickly attracted attention. There were whispers. Hostile looks. Then, "There's that lady with all the kid molesters," a woman said to her companion, nodding in Juliana's direction. And she hawked a wad at Juliana.
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It took a moment for what had happened to sink in.
And then Juliana laughed.
"I have to hold my tongue a lot, because I really believe in what I am standing up for," Juliana says, weeks later. "I've lost some friends since they found out what kind of work I do. I had a friend for twenty-some years, and now we no longer speak. She called me up and said, 'You defend child molesters!' And I said, 'No, you've got it wrong.'
"But people, they ignore what's the truth."
Juliana and her husband, Eusebio, have been martyred by that "truth."
Since December, they have had eggs thrown at their car, trash tossed on their lawn. Juliana was recently refused service at Foley's. The clerk told her, "Maybe you'd be more comfortable shopping at Wal-Mart."
December is when a neighbor realized that the Ibarras' foster sons are sex offenders, when he began petitioning people door-to-door to have them evicted from their home of fifteen years.
And December is when the City of Northglenn passed a law requiring the Ibarras to send at least two of the boys packing or face jail time or a fine or both.
How could she ask them to go? She couldn't even begin to think about it.
"I know each and every one of them and what they've been through," she says, and glances at her charges.
Sean, eighteen, is lounging on the floor and wiggling his toes, making his flip-flops slap against his bare feet. Beside Juliana on the sofa, seventeen-year-old Adam (the boys' names have been changed for this story) fidgets with a teddy bear, one of several stuffed animals decorating the living room. He twirls the bear and folds it onto his lap, not so much playing with it as he is dispelling nervous energy.
"They are regular boys. Good boys," Juliana continues. "They're both A students. Two or three houses down, those kids are always vandalizing around here, drinking and smoking dope."
The boys murmur in agreement.
The Ibarras, along with nonprofit group homes across the metro area, have been blindsided by what started last year as an effort to rid Lakewood of a home full of adult sex offenders. It has since blossomed into a legal movement to purge sex offenders of all ages from group living arrangements in Northglenn, Jefferson County and a dozen local towns.
Juliana has been a foster mom for thirteen years. For her, it was natural. Her grandmother was a foster mom. Her own mother took in kids, and Juliana was raised with foster brothers and foster sisters. Her biological brother and sister are foster parents, too, and a nephew runs a foster-care agency.
In the beginning, when her children were still small (she has two boys and a girl of her own), she took in only girls.
"When my boys became teenagers, I switched from girls to boys," she says. "I like working with boys. They're neater and not as mouthy. It's rare for them to be in my face.
"Oh, I've heard them downstairs sometimes: 'Oh, that blankety-blank.' And I'll say, 'I heard that!' They call me 'Miracle Ear.'"
At that, Adam grins, and Juliana reaches over and playfully slaps his knee.
About three and a half years ago, when Juliana changed agencies and began contracting with the Lost and Found child-placement agency, therapists there encouraged her to take in boys who'd been found guilty of sex offenses.
Initially it wasn't something she wanted to do. "I was just like everyone else," she says. "I didn't want anything to do with sex offenders."
But as she learned more about their backgrounds, she decided she'd give it a try. Lost and Found provided a week of training to prepare her for the boys' special needs and issues, and she began trying to provide them with as normal a home life as possible under the circumstances.
The boys go with her to family functions. They go out to eat, to the mall, to movies. They have chores.
"It's pretty much just a regular household," Sean says.
"Most of these kids are not used to having that," Juliana says. "So much is taken away from these kids. And they will never have it back."
The rush to zone out sex offenders began a year ago this month, when Lakewood officials discovered that five unrelated men, all of them convicted sex offenders, were living in a rental home in Green Mountain.
Sometime around June 4, 1999, convicted sex offenders began filing in one by one to register with the Lakewood Police Department. They all listed the same home address. (The sex offenders, four pedophiles and a rapist, are part of a treatment program called Teaching Humane Existence.)
"The police soon realized we had five sex offenders living in one home," says Lakewood Deputy City Attorney Janet Young. "I'm the attorney in the police department, and they brought it to my attention."
Then it was brought to the attention of Lakewood's city council, whose members voted to sue the owner of the Green Mountain home. The suit, which claimed that the landlord was illegally operating a correctional facility in a residential area, was filed June 9. On June 28, the council passed an emergency measure amending the city's zoning ordinance. From that point forward, households were banned from including "more than one individual who is required to register as a sex offender."
The men were forced from the home the following month. They then moved to Arvada. After a neighbor questioned police about the men this spring and learned that they were sex offenders, newspapers picked up the story and their landlord moved to evict them. Arvada has since passed a law banning such group homes from the town.
It's easy to find out information about sex offenders. Since 1991, state law has required sex offenders to register their addresses with local law-enforcement agencies. When they move, they have seven days in which to re-register. And since 1994, the Colorado law requiring them to register has allowed law-enforcement agencies to release that information to the public. (Similar legislation is more widely known as "Megan's Law," which was named for a seventeen-year-old New Jersey girl who in 1994 was raped and killed by a twice-convicted sex offender who had been living in her neighborhood. Later that same year, the New Jersey Legislature passed a law requiring sex offenders to register with police. In 1996, President Clinton required that all states adopt the law.)
In July, Jefferson County took up the zoning fight after residents of the Columbine Knolls neighborhood complained that their community was teeming with juveniles who were in the legal system for committing sex crimes. Many of the south Jefferson County residents had known for some time that adolescent sex offenders were living in three group homes in their neighborhood; they just hadn't known they could do anything about it.
The Lakewood ordinance gave them an opening.
Jefferson County officials went about the process more slowly than did their Lakewood counterparts in part because counties, unlike towns, are required by state and federal laws to find suitable placements for juvenile sex offenders.
At the same time, however, cities have the right to make zoning decisions without interference from the state, but the federal Fair Housing Act mandates that a city's zoning regulations cannot discriminate against a person with a handicap. (The "sex offender" classification is not considered a handicap in and of itself; however, some providers and their attorneys point out that because many of these kids are also being treated for mental-health issues, they might fall under federal guidelines protecting the mentally ill.)
The Colorado Children's Code guarantees that children who are removed from their own homes by state or county officials will have a secure and stable environment and won't be moved from foster home to foster home.
Lakewood city attorneys were aware of the fact that the Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination based on familial status and that their zoning laws made no distinction between families and "households"; they defined a household as "unrelated individuals or related and unrelated individuals, living together as a single housekeeping unit, up to a maximum of one person per room which is being used for living purposes." So they proceeded to amend the definition, stipulating that a household cannot include more than one registered sex offender.
In Jefferson County, the matter was even stickier -- the county zoning department and the county commissioners would be going up against the recommendations of their own social services department, who backed the group-home environment for juvenile sex offenders.
To handle the issue, Jeffco administrator Ron Holliday established a group of staff members, community residents, group-home providers and representatives from the district attorney's office and the social services department. The group met five times, and in October published a 193-page study containing nine recommendations for the county commission to consider. Among the recommendations were that the county identify locations outside of residential neighborhoods for the group homes, that the county force group homes located in residential areas to move, and that it be "proactive" in helping the group-home providers find "appropriate" locations for their facilities.
Public meetings on the matter were heated. Harl Hargett, executive director of Lost and Found, called the proposed zoning change a "knee-jerk reaction." Because the vast majority of adolescent sex offenders had themselves been molested, he argued, they were kids first and foremost, not offenders. He labeled the proposal "Jim Crow" legislation that "violates the human in all of us."
Neighbors were equally adamant that the homes be moved elsewhere. "I'd rather have a fireworks factory next door to my house than a single one of those offenders living next door," Columbine-area resident Chuck Wheeler told the county commissioners at one meeting.
In late January, six months after first delving into the matter, Jefferson County commissioners changed the zoning law to disallow more than one registered sex offender per home, "unless related by blood, marriage or adoption." Group homes essentially were banned from residential areas of the county, although Jeffco granted them two years to be "brought into conformity."
"Jeffco was the nail in this coffin," says Arlene Martinez Meads, Lost and Found's child placement services director. "At one of the meetings, a commissioner said, 'You'll never convince me that they're victims first or that they're innocent children.' And I thought to myself, 'Never were more ignorant words spoken.'"
Sean, one of thirteen kids in his family, is a wiry blonde who graduated with honors from high school this month. He looks like any other teenager, except his shorts and T-shirt are a little less scruffy, his hair just a little more G.I. He's into sports and Junior ROTC. His lifelong dream, he says, is to join the military.
But the chances of Sean getting into the Navy are "slim to zero," says Lost and Found's Hargett.
Sean, Hargett testified in court earlier this year, is the product of incest going back at least three generations. He was so young when it happened that he can't remember the first time he was abused.
"I figured it's just something that happens, you know," Sean says. "So I didn't really think about it. I don't know what I thought."
He lived with his mother until he was eight, when he moved in with his father and his father's new family. At age twelve, Sean was charged with molesting his stepsister. His life since then has consisted of group homes, treatment centers, foster homes, social workers, probation officers and therapists.
He moved into the Ibarra home a year ago.
"It would be very difficult to define whether he's a perpetrator or a victim," Hargett says of Sean.
Hargett says this about a lot of the young people who come through his center.
And many treatment providers make similar observations. In a report to the director of Jefferson County Human Services, child welfare coordinator Sue McDonald wrote, "Our experience is consistent with the literature in that the vast majority of these youngsters have experienced severe trauma and sexual victimization themselves, and are acting out sexually in an effort to deal with their own victimization...While they are clearly perpetrators, they are most often victims as well. They are clearly responsible for their behavior, yet they are most often the products of their circumstances."
Treatment providers believe that these perpetrators, sometimes called "sexually reactive" children, are trying to overcome their own abuse by repeating the behavior against others. "When kids are stressed out, emotionally overloaded, like the rest of us, their defenses come up," says Gail Ryan, director of the Perpetration Prevention Program at Denver's Kempe Children's Center.
"As part of their defense, they try to imagine what they could do to feel better and get back that sense of control. For kids, their fantasy develops into something compensatory or retaliatory that makes others feel as bad as they do." And many times these kids have learned to be abusive because they were exposed to role models who were abusive.
For young people, she says, sexual assault is much more about power than deviancy, which is what sets them apart from their adult counterparts.
Adolescents tend to be aroused by a wide variety of stimuli. Sexually, they're much more fluid than adults, and they haven't internalized any particular kind of sexual behavior. They are not as likely as adults to have fantasies directly related to their offenses. And changing an adolescent's behavior and the way he deals with stress is considerably easier than changing an adult's sexual preferences and arousal patterns.
But research shows that as untreated juvenile offenders grow toward adulthood, their crimes increase in frequency, severity and level of coercion. The sexually abusive patterns and the accompanying arousal and fantasies become increasingly habitual, and the sexual deviance becomes more significant. A 1982 study among adult rapists and child molesters found that as many as 60 to 80 percent of adult sex offenders had committed sex assaults during adolescence.
That understanding led to a nationwide commitment among therapists and criminal-justice agencies to identify sex offenders early and intervene. When sex offenders are identified at an early age and placed in proper treatment, the success rate is extremely good -- as high as 93 percent, based on recidivism rates.
"The juvenile courts were created originally to act as a kind and benevolent parent to turn kids around, to take those who are clearly violating the norms of the community and give them some incentive to reshape themselves," Ryan says. "When we ostracize them, we lose the expectation of them conforming to the community."
Adam was four, he says, when he was sexually assaulted the first time, by an older brother. His brother told him it was "hush, hush," and "just between them."
"My brother said he would beat me up if I told," Adam says.
Adam was eight when he molested his sister, ten or eleven when his family discovered what was happening and Social Services plucked him from the house. Though his age kept him out of the court system and his name off the sex-offender registry, he was sent to do time in a boot camp, a foster home and a residential treatment center. He went to live with the Ibarras four years ago.
His own family is splintered. His older brother, the one Adam says assaulted him, ran away years ago. He sees his father about once a month.
Now seventeen, Adam has a part-time job and another year of high school to go. He still sees a therapist, and he'll be a ward of the state until he's 21.
Other than the Division of Youth Corrections (the equivalent of teen prison), Adam has been through the treatment continuum for juvenile sex offenders offered in Colorado -- child placement (foster care, group homes), a residential treatment center and outpatient therapy.
Of these, residential treatment centers are the most intensive, structured and restrictive. The residents are supervised 24 hours a day, and clinicians provide them with specialized treatment. Adam lived at Lost and Found's facility in Morrison, a small center that also includes an on-site school. The average stay there is six months.
Group homes, such as Shiloh House in unincorporated Littleton, are more open environments. Up to a dozen youth might live in one home. Offenders attend therapy and are closely supervised, but these are not "lockdown" facilities with guards and bars.
Foster homes are the least restrictive of all placements for sex offenders who have been removed from their own homes. Those offenders who are sent to foster homes are often young, their offenses have been minor and they're at low risk of reoffending, or they are "in transition," preparing to move back in with their biological families.
The Ibarra home is considered a "therapeutic foster home." Thus far, Juliana has received almost 100 hours of special training.
She keeps close tabs on her boys. They are required to check in with her every two hours whenever they're out of the house, whether it be for work or for school. They have curfews. They are never left alone in the Ibarra home. An alarm chimes whenever someone opens a door.
It's a home, but a highly structured one.
Group and foster homes allow children to maintain ties with their biological families; they also teach them how to behave in family settings. The homes are placed in residential areas where schools, recreational facilities and employment are readily available. According to the Child Welfare League of America, placing those homes in commercial or industrial areas (which is what is being recommended in Jefferson County) "would further stigmatize and isolate [the offenders] when they have already experienced the pain of abuse and separation from their family."
Federal law mandates the least restrictive, most appropriate placement that will meet a youth's needs while assuring community safety. In all cases, the goal is to reunite the offender with his family if that's at all possible.
After a youth is arrested (or, as in Adam's case, taken in by Social Services), he is evaluated numerous times to determine the best place for him. Social workers or probation officers obtain information from the offender, his family, schools, therapists and prosecutors. The offender is given psychological and sex-behavior tests, which might include polygraphs and plethysmographs (the latter measures levels of arousal by sensing changes in penis circumference). Evaluators take into account safety concerns, the parents' ability to supervise, the juvenile's acceptance of responsibility, and his sexual history and willingness to participate in therapy.
"We try to identify factors that led to the offending behavior, identify what interventions need to be put in place to really address the issues and protect the community," says Leah Wicks, the recently retired supervisor of Jeffco's juvenile probation unit.
"The ones who are going to continue to be high risk are not the ones referred to group homes," Ryan says. High-risk offenders, those who engage in predatory behavior such as stalking or "grooming" their victims, are most likely to be sent to the Division of Youth Corrections.
"I think that there are some more serious offenders, and we are able to know who they are, and we know that we will probably have to watch these kids the rest of their lives," says Wicks. "They're usually the ones who go on to Youth Corrections and become adult offenders."
That doesn't mean dangerous kids don't slip through the net. Recent Denver Post reports on the state's foster-care system included stories about a twelve-year-old sex offender placed in a foster home with an eight-year-old boy, whom he subsequently molested, and a fifteen-year-old foster boy accused of raping a nine-year-old bunkmate.
And as yet, there have been no studies proving that group homes are more successful than residential treatment centers in turning offenders around. That makes people who live near group homes very nervous. And it provides them with a wedge when they try to zone group homes out of their neighborhoods.
But Ryan says that the vast majority of sex abuse by juveniles occurs in the offender's home. More than 40 percent of the victims are younger siblings. Fewer than 5 percent of the cases involve assaults on strangers.
In the fifteen years Shiloh has been in Columbine Knolls, for example, not one of the agency's charges has been arrested for committing a new crime in the neighborhood. Northglenn police likewise report no problems with Juliana Ibarra's boys in the three years she has been caring for sex offenders.
That has had little effect on the public's fears, however.
"How many more Megans do we need?" Jeffco administrator Holliday asked at a January 19 meeting about the Shiloh homes. "Do we need a Megan in our community to say, 'Oops, now we have a problem'?"
The hysteria that started in Lakewood spread "like a brushfire" throughout the metro area, says the Kempe Center's Ryan. "What looked like a good idea in one place began spreading to more and more communities without people taking time to get more information and to think."
In December, Northglenn officials decided to amend their zoning ordinances and limit sex offenders to one per household unless related by blood.
"We learned about the [Jefferson County] ordinance, and it was new to us that there was this relatively new method of treatment being employed with group homes for sex offenders," says Northglenn City Attorney Lee Phillips. "Northglenn concluded that consolidating or grouping registered sex offenders in one neighborhood is a dumb idea."
Only after the ordinance was adopted did city officials realize that Juliana Ibarra's foster family included three registered sex offenders. "This ordinance was adopted without the Ibarra family in mind," Phillips says. "We passed the ordinance, and then we looked at the registered sex offender list."
And there they were.
It was sometime around Christmas when Juliana learned about the new ordinance. A Northglenn detective left an order at the house informing the Ibarras that two of the three boys would have to leave. If they did not comply, the Ibarras would be in violation of the city ordinance and subject to possible jail time and/or a fine.
Lost and Found, which had placed the youth with the Ibarras, subsequently contacted the American Civil Liberties Union. After reading the ordinance, ACLU staff attorney Mark Silverstein informed Phillips that the Ibarras were not affected by it -- their home and business were considered legally non-conforming uses and, as such, could be grandfathered in, he said.
So on January 27, Northglenn officials adopted a new ordinance -- in an emergency measure -- stating that no one could be grandfathered in. The Ibarras were served with a notice that same day, ordering them to comply with the ordinance in four days or be considered in violation of the law.
"In this case, everyone understood that the Ibarras were legally using their property on January 27 when the new zoning ordinance passed," Silverstein says, "yet the city passed it and said, 'We'll charge you with a crime unless you move your kids out of this house.' It's unheard of to change the rules without providing a period of time to continue the legal existing use.
"There's no way they'd make you tear down your garage for non-compliance four days after passing a new ordinance."
On February 1, the day the Ibarras would have had to move the boys out, the ACLU obtained a temporary order in federal court preventing the city from charging the family with a crime. The ACLU argued that the family had been denied due process and that the ordinance violated the Fair Housing Act by discriminating against the Ibarras based on their familial status.
The Ibarras are "effectively banished by this ordinance," says Silverstein. "The ACLU believes that the Constitution and the Fair Housing Act prohibit the city from discriminating against foster families in this matter. This is a case of zoning people out of an entire town, and I don't think that's a proper use of zoning ordinances. The city's zoning power allows them to regulate the uses of the land, but in this case, they're using it to forbid a certain type of family from living in town.
"It is not a blood relationship, but it is still a foster family authorized by the state, and the kids were placed there by the government. And I don't think that either the Constitution or the Fair Housing Act was drafted so narrowly as to protect only families related by blood or marriage."
Silverstein and ACLU cooperating attorney Greg Eurich appeared in federal court again on February 7 to extend the order. They argued that Northglenn doesn't have the power to tell the Ibarras that their foster children are not part of their family.
"It's not a group home. It has all of the characteristics of a family. And to say that we're going to do this based on safety reasons, that this fundamental right of free association is overcome by fear of these individuals -- the only evidence of that is the bald statement in the ordinance itself, which simply says there may be a risk of re-offense," Eurich told U.S. District Judge Richard Matsch.
The city of Northglenn had "offered no evidence [of risk] whatsoever," Eurich continued. "The only evidence in this record is the opposite, and that is that in this setting, with treatment and supervision and the kind of loving relationship these boys have in this family, that there isn't that risk, that the county is just wrong, and the bald statement I don't think rises to the level of being able to satisfy the standard of strict scrutiny."
Matsch was not swayed by the arguments. Saying he doubted that there had been a substantive due-process issue in the case, he denied the ACLU's request for a preliminary injunction.
The Supreme Court, Matsch said, has recognized the distinction between foster families and biological families in that foster families are rooted in state law and contractual arrangements.
As to the scope of the Fair Housing Act, Matsch was less certain. "I'm not dismissing the case," he said. "I anticipate the case going forward as a declaratory judgment case. [A declaratory judgment establishes the rights of the parties or expresses the opinion of the court on a matter of law without ordering that anything be done.] I think it's very questionable that Congress had this sort of thing in mind in passing the Fair Housing Act, but the mind of Congress is not something easily divined."
Matsch mentioned, too, that he was troubled by the absence of representatives from either the county social services department or the state government.
"It seems to me," he said, "that the state, having created this special status [of registered sex offenders] might have an interest in limiting what communities can do in response to that...I'm concerned about just how far this goes, and what is the state's interest here. It somewhat troubles me that the state's not involved in this case."
Following the hearing before Matsch, Northglenn reinstated its charges against the Ibarras. The case went to court June 1.
Once the municipal judge declined the ACLU's request to dismiss the charges, the trial was basically a formality, says ACLU cooperating attorney Jim Goh. All parties agreed that the Ibarras had more than one registered sex offender under their roof and therefore were in violation of the zoning ordinance.
The trial was short and to the point. The Ibarras lost. The judge assessed a small fine. The ACLU plans to appeal, however, and the fines will be held in abeyance until the appeal is heard.
"Our goal should be to reduce the risk of sex offenders repeating their crime, but ordinances like Northglenn's likely have the opposite effect," says Silverstein. "To achieve a low rate of recidivism, the key is to promote stability, reintegrate the sex offender into the community and continue therapy even after they have finished with prison or probation or parole. A group home or a foster family with trained parents and on-site staff for on-site therapy provides one of the best possible models to get them the help they need to become productive citizens.
"On the other hand, you decrease the stability and increase the risks when you're hounded from home to home, neighborhood to neighborhood, community to community, and that's exactly what the Northglenn ordinance does, especially in combination with every other community passing look-alike ordinances."
Juliana and Eusebio discussed how they would choose which boys might have to leave, "but it's really hard for me to even begin to think of that," Juliana testified in court. "It would be like somebody coming and knocking on my door and saying, 'Listen, out of your three biological kids, I'm going to have to take two. Which ones would you pick for me to take?'
"I love my boys. I don't want to get rid of any of them."
On March 2, though, one of the choices was taken from them.
Eighteen-year-old Zach, who'd lived with the Ibarras for three years, ran away. He had become nervous and "sick" after he and the other foster kids were publicly identified as sex offenders, Juliana says. He lost weight.
When he first came to live at their home, she says, he was constantly "terrified" and would flinch whenever he heard a loud noise -- and after December, he began to revert to that type of behavior.
When he left, Zach was on the loose but not on a tear.
He went to his pastor's house, Lost and Found's Hargett says. "He told his pastor he'd been released and that he needed a place to stay. His pastor finally discovered the truth and turned him in about three weeks later.
"Zach went to a safe place, and he went there deliberately," Hargett says. "He wasn't at just anybody's back door or at a playground."
After the pastor turned him in, Zach was arrested and taken to the Marvin W. Foote Youth Services Center in Arapahoe County, a secure juvenile facility where he has remained while a judge determines his fate.
"His probation officer is trying to get him committed to the Department of Youth Corrections," Hargett says, "but we're trying to give him another shot. It seems disproportionately inappropriate to commit him."
"No matter what happens with Zach," Juliana says, "my husband and I will stand by him."
The spate of zoning laws has slowed since this spring, and some of the communities have passed ordinances in which juvenile sex offenders are given some leeway. Littleton, for example, stipulates that its one-sex-offender-per-home ordinance, passed in April, applies only to offenders "over the age of 12."
Arvada initially proposed a law allowing foster families to include more than one juvenile sex offender if certain conditions were met, but backed off from that liberal proposal following a June 5 hearing. "After some discussion, the [city] council had a number of concerns, one of which is that there doesn't seem to be any way of classifying the level of offense," says Arvada spokeswoman Maria VanderKolk.
The justice system determines the offender's placement on an individual basis rather than by a class of crime, which left the Arvada council befuddled. Adolescents in a group home could be placed there for any and every offense from indecent exposure to rape, VanderKolk notes.
So councilmembers passed a law limiting sex offenders to one per household, but they might reconsider the cap on juveniles if more research assures them the community would be safe.
"The sad thing is," VanderKolk observed a week prior to the vote, "these people have to live somewhere."
The question, increasingly, is where?
The tone has been set, and Zach's flight is only one of many symptoms therapists and justice officials see ahead in light of the new zoning ordinances.
"The system is already overburdened," says Lost and Found's Meads. "There are not enough placements for children as it is."
According to Hargett, there may be as many as 2,000 children each month awaiting out-of-home placement for everything ranging from neglect to sex abuse. "Many of these are already extremely difficult to place because of emotional and behavioral disorders, mental illness and sexual offenses.
"Now, with these zoning restrictions, it will be almost impossible to find a foster or group home to accommodate the need."
The Division of Youth Corrections holds on to its charges until suitable placements can be found, says David Bennett, the division's central-region director. The average length of sentences for sex offenders has been creeping upward, from 14.1 months in 1994-95 to 20.7 in January 2000, a fact Bennett attributes to problems finding proper placements. At any given time, the average daily population of sex offenders in the DYC is 108.
The cost to the public is substantial. The state pays from $90 to $139 per day per kid to keep young offenders in state correctional facilities.
Lost and Found charges $1,800 to $2,000 per month.
Probation officers, corrections officials and therapists for juvenile sex offenders say that although the laws may have restored a sense of safety to some community members, the new ordinances may breed consequences far beyond what the public envisioned. The laws, they say, could create an atmosphere precisely the opposite of what communities are seeking.
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Professionals warn that the treatment process may be harmed and the public placed at higher risk because juveniles will be sent to live in homes where there are no specially trained professionals.
"Limiting the number to one [juvenile] sex offender per home removes the ability to treat incest perpetrators in a 'family' setting," Lost and Found's Meads wrote to the Jefferson County planning commission. "Specifically for incested children, the goal is to teach self-awareness of arousal as well as learn to thwart the enticement of others, all while experiencing wholesome family life. For a child to learn to love and be accepted outside of sexual favors is not a quick or easy lesson. Unfortunately, the current ordinances passed by other cities and counties will not allow for this specific treatment modality to be enacted."
In effect, the ordinances are a spit in the eye to people who work with juvenile sex offenders -- and to the kids, who have increasingly fewer chances for a normal home life.


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By Steven Kramer, firstname.lastname@example.com
Fashion and apparel retailers are using multichannel retailing to augment the in-store experience for brand conscious shoppers. In the process, they're delivering a compelling customer-centric expression of the retail brand that elevates the destination status of their physical stores.
The face of retail is changing with enormous rapidity. It's reshaping the way brands engage with customers at every point of the buying process – and beyond – to boost customer satisfaction and increase loyalty.
Today's shoppers are hyper-connected and expect to be able to mix and match channels with ease, moving fluidly across digital touch points, social networks, e-commerce storefronts, devices and store locations in a consistent and connected way.
What's more, devices to access the digital world – smartphones, smart tags and sensors – are changing consumer expectations and introducing new ways to connect with customers. All of this makes multichannel an undeniable reality that brands need to master, and fast.
The good news for apparel and fashion retailers is that by integrating mobile platforms into the multichannel mix, they can deliver a very different in-store shopping experience that's a unique expression of their brand values – making shopping fun and engaging but most importantly, personalized.
Introducing "MyCommerce"
Shopping in person is a physical experience that's difficult to replicate online. Consumers get to touch the merchandise and see it up close, and for fashion and apparel retailers that's a really big plus.
By blending the in-store and mobile channels, retailers can augment the in-store experience and deliver truly compelling "MyCommerce." In the digital world, retailers have the opportunity to build a complete view of their shoppers to create personalized experiences. This needs to extend to their activities in-store, using customer intelligence and insights to engage with shoppers in real time and incentivize and reward shoppers for their brand loyalty.
But for incentives to work properly they have to be relevant to the person at a particular moment. When a shopper visits the store and uses a mobile "check in" app, they could receive a simple question to identify the purpose of the shopping trip, helping the retailer to deliver the right content and incentives at the right time.
There is a lot of room for creative incentives based on customers' preferences and purchasing habits. Using the same app, customers could receive instant updates on what items complement previous purchases or gain immediate knowledge of what's currently trending in-store. If they have a favorite designer, they could receive advance notice of a new line coming, or could be prompted to go to their favorite fragrance counter to receive a special sample or giveaway with purchase.
And at the most basic level, using their mobile phone, shoppers can instantly find what's in stock and available in their size and color preference, with the additional opportunity to be able to order and reserve from an "endless aisle" of inventory for delivery or collection in-store next time they visit. While not as glamorous as some of the previous points, getting this aspect right meets a basic customer expectation. For retailers with old infrastructure or processes, making this information available and accurate can be challenging, but it is not an option once it has become a consumer expectation – it needs to be a reality.
Integrating social into stores
But shoppers aren't stopping there. They want to post a photo of an item and add it to their wish list to share with friends and family, or request feedback on items via social media. Some retailers are going as far as to integrate social media into the store shelves, with C&A in Brazil putting the number of Facebook likes directly on the hanger, for example.
For the retailer, being aware of these social media interactions paves the way to delivering detailed product reviews to customers as they browse in-store and providing instant coupons or daily deal discounts to encourage shoppers to make an immediate purchase.
A surge of innovation
When it comes to getting closer to customers, and using multichannel knowledge of a shopper's habits, retailers can start to deliver on the promise of becoming a trusted advisor.
For example, on their way to the store, consumers can use their phones to access their very own "personal shopper" or "style guru" app that identifies likes from their previous purchase history and provides personalized recommendations on what's new in-store that might be of interest.
Along with answering the question on the check-in app about the shopping trip purpose, shoppers could add more information about their shopping trip goal, e.g., "I want to try a complete new look," in which case they could be offered a different style from what they purchased in the past to consider, or perhaps they want to find out "what works for my shape," following which they are presented with a choice of body styles to build their shape. Perhaps they want to track down the perfect "wedding or work outfit," and they can instantly receive a menu of style book ideas together with in-store item locations to help them find what they're looking for.
Retailers can also put a new twist on the "order and collect" initiative by offering "reserve and try" apps that let shoppers research and prepare to maximize the convenience of their in-store visit. Within a few minutes they can request items in their size and color preferences – or try a total look – and have items ready and waiting for them to try on upon their arrival in-store.
Doing things differently
Today's multichannel retailing technologies have created a powerful tool for better, closer and deeper consumer engagement and expanded the choices for communicating with shoppers at the right time and right place.
By doing new things in new ways, fashion and apparel retailers can reinvent the role the store serves in the total customer experience, creating more immediacy and greater brand trust – all of which allows today's fashion and apparel retailers to take their look to the next level.
Steven Kramer is responsible for running business in the Americas for Hybris, which provides a complete multichannel commerce solution. Previously, Steven was president and co-founder of iCongo. He can be reached at email@example.com.


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For such an everyday item, soda lends itself to creative gift-giving. Those little metal tabs make such great jewelry! Those century-old companies sell so much schwag! You can even make your own soda these days. (What will they think of next.) And who doesn't love vintage ads?
Check out our gift ideas in the slideshow above.
About the authors: Carey Jones is the editor of Serious Eats New York and co-editor of Serious Eats: Sweets. Follow her on Twitter (@careyjones). John M. Edwards is a longtime lowbrow Serious Eats writer and eats 85% of the food Carey orders. Follow him on Twitter (@johnmedwards).
More Drinks-Related Gift Guides
Gift Guide: For Beer Lovers and Homebrewers
Gift Guide: For Spirits and Cocktail Lovers
Gift Guide: For Wine Lovers
Gift Guide: For Coffee Lovers


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Gary Clark Jr. At The Roxy Theatre
Welcome to The Set List. Here you'll find the latest concert recaps for many of your favorite, or maybe not so favorite, artists. Our bloggers will do their best to provide you with every detail of the show, from which songs were on the set list to what the artist was wearing to which out-of-control fan made a scene. Hey, it'll be like you were there. And if you like what you read, we'll even let you know where you can catch the artist on tour. Feel free to drop us a comment and let us know your concert experience. Oh, and rock on.
By Crystal Larsen
West Hollywood, Calif.
If you've been paying any attention to music over the last few years, it's been hard to escape the name Gary Clark Jr. Alicia Keys has compared him to Jimi Hendrix and Marvin Gaye. Eric Clapton recruited him for a return performance at his recent 2013 Crossroads Guitar Festival. And in 2012 he joined Jeff Beck, Buddy Guy, Mick Jagger, and B.B. King for a performance at the White House for President Barack Obama.
So, who is Gary Clark Jr.? The simple answer is: a brilliant guitarist out of Austin, Texas, who will no doubt be credited as a pioneer of the new generation of blues musicians.
As the doors to the intimate Roxy Theatre opened just shortly after 8 p.m., I entered hoping to score a prime spot in front of the stage. The only act to precede Clark was a DJ, who was spinning a fitting mix of rock, soul, hip-hop, and R&B, preparing the sold-out crowd, which included GRAMMY winners Kelly Rowland, The-Dream and actors Lisa Bonet and Marlon Wayans, for the eclectic set they were about to enjoy. The curtains finally lifted at approximately 10:15 p.m. to a sea of blue stage lights that dimly lit Clark. Beginning with a few solemn notes on electric guitar, Clark and his energetic three-piece band cranked out the opener "When My Train Pulls In," off 2012's Blak And Blu. There were two stand-out guitar solos on this song, both of which simultaneously evoked Hendrix-style rock and roll and tricks and techniques worthy of Tom Morello.
While making comparisons to Hendrix is something that should be done with caution, Clark is unmistakably working toward such an association, evidenced by his stirring performance of Hendrix's "Third Stone From The Sun" mixed with Little Johnny Taylor's "If You Love Me Like You Say," a mashup that was borne out of a technical problem during a concert in Austin, Texas, years ago. This was followed by a contemporary Stevie Ray Vaughan-infused take on the blues classic "Three O'Clock Blues," which was written by Lowell Fulson and later associated with King.
Two of the night's highlights for me were performances of Clark's own Southern rock/R&B tune "Travis County" and "Numb," which marries thick grunge-rock guitar with blues sentiments. Clark's talent for fusing so many different genres into a perfectly packaged sound is what makes him one of today's most unique new artists.
Clark ended his set with a performance of the crowd-favorite "Bright Lights," and plenty of attitude as he repeated the chorus with a snarl: "You gonna know my name/You gonna know my name." After leaving the stage temporarily, the band came back to end their nearly two-hour set with an encore featuring "Ain't Messin 'Round" and "You Saved Me."
After last night, I don't think anyone is ever going to forget Gary Clark Jr.'s name.
Set List:
"When My Train Pulls In"
"Don't Owe You A Thang"
"Please Come Home"
"Travis County"
"Things Are Changin'"
"Third Stone From The Sun/If You Love Me Like You Say" (Jimi Hendrix/Little Johnny Taylor covers)
"Three O'Clock Blues" (Lowell Fulson cover)
"Catfish Blues" (Robert Petway cover)
"Blak And Blu"
"Bright Lights"
"Ain't Messin 'Round"
"You Saved Me"
To catch Gary Clark Jr. in a city near you, click here for tour dates.


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#1 - Tinsley for Nocioni
The Pacers take on salary but get a hard-nosed 3/4 who would fit well in O'Brien's system. This would allow the Kings to have a decent PG rotation with Tinsley and Udrih and they wouldn't be forced to draft a PG.
#2 - Ford, #13 for Nocioni, #4, and #23
The Kings get a PG and get rid of Nocioni, who really has no place on their roster. The Pacers take on 2 extra years of salary, but we get a decent player, a much better draft pick, and an extra late first.


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What does everyone use? I just have a pair of gym shorts and a matching tank top plus my Asics. I've heard about alot of other things people use...whats good and whats not?
Running gear
Love my SwiftWick socks and Hoka shoes
Besides the basics, shorts, shirt, socks, and shoes, I wear a watch. Usually it's a Garmin 205, an older model. Mostly I like it because I don't have to go to one of the mapping websites to see how far I've run, though by this time I know the distance on all my normal routes. It's also nice because I get so into races that I miss the mile marks and the Garmin will automatically record my splits though sometimes its accuracy leaves a little to be desired. Otherwise everything else is weather related: water-resistent jacket and pants, hat, gloves, ear warmer, tights.
I've never used a fuel belt or anything to carry water. For the most part my runs aren't long enough to require them. For the once weekly or biweekly run where I would want and need water or a sports drink I run with my club and we have those stashed along the route, that or I run loops where I can grab something at home or at my car.
Yurbuds earbuds - they don't fall out!
Newton and Altra shoes - I've made the zero drop transition and I love it. I'm starting to like the Altras more for training and probably will use the Newtons for racing.
C9 gear from Target - leggings, shorts, tech shirts, tanks with the bra built in. Everything is awesome and cheap compared with Nike etc. Old Navy's fitness line is awesome too for the same reasons, just fewer options.
Injinji socks - they look ridiculous but have completely fixed the pinch calluses/blisters on my 5th toes.
Runkeeper - love all the features.
I have had issues finding good clothes to wear. I am very sensitive to nylon/soccer shorts so I've had to find cotton clothes. I agree with MelissaL79 - Target's C9 or Old Navy's Active Wear is great. My husband also wears their stuff. Its lightweight and helps keep the sweat away. I have Asics but feel like I need better shoes (coming soon). I wear SkullCandy headphones because earbuds don't stay in my ears. I also have a Nike + responder from an old pair of Nikes that I have hooked on to my shoes to keep track of distance and speed through my ipod. I have Adidas socks with the arch support that I love (got them at Costco).
I have Asics but feel like I need better shoes (coming soon).
It's not the brand that's important, it's the model. All the major brands are good and make a variety of models. The trick is to find the right model. That's why going to a specialty running store is so important rather than a chain like Footlocker or Dick's. Be sure to take your old shoes with you so they can see the wear pattern. That's an important factor in selecting the right model. While I prefer Asics, if I find a model made by Nike or Saucony or Brooks or one of the other shoe companies, I have no problem switching brands. I'm currently wearing a Saucony model after years wearing Asics because I found one better for me and more comfortable than the latest version of the Asics series I'd been wearing.
I wear Saucony guide 5 shoes or my vibram Bikilas. The Sauconys mostly. Also, I came up on some really good Adidas socks at Ross on the cheap, not sure the name. Other than that I wear gym shorts and any shirt without graphics across the chest as they seem to pin sweat to my body and chafe my skin. Also boxer briefs to avoid the horrible chafing to my thighs after a couple miles. I seem to have the flesh of a new born infant so preventing foot blisters and chafing on my inner thighs is priority
Besides the shoes and socks though, I don't have any money/performance gear. I don't run with music, in fact I don't even own an Ipod or cel phone. I like the sound of my feet, breathing, the ambient noise and hearing if a car is about to run me over. Plus, I'm a cheap bastard so it all works out.
Love my Timex Marathon GPS watch. Simple. I can explore different routes and still keep track of my miles. Spoiled by the instant pace info. I got one of the water bottles with hand grip thingys and it really works good. MUCH better than the "hanteens" of the 90's. Anyone remember them?
Now this is an open ended question... there are so many kinds of gear. How good they are is incredibly dependent on the person using them and how they use them.
Shirts/Shorts - I started with the C9 line that I found at Target. They are inexpensive and have lasted 6 years and most are going strong. After that initial purchase (so I have enough to avoid running out with daily exercise) I collected technical shirts (wicking synthetic type) through races. Most of my long technical shirts are from races and some of my short sleeve ones are. So I don't have to buy often anymore.
Arm Warmers - These are very useful because they can be easily taken off to adjust your temperature. So on a day that is warming up while you're on your run... perfect. Run with them, and take them off when you are too warm. I also have used them under long sleeves for just a touch more warmth.
Gloves - Not thick is mostly what I look for... that and technical (wicking type) fabric. If you use ski gloves, they will be bulky and they don't give off sweat as quickly as needed for running (not even the Gortex kind). Specific running gloves are nice. But any thin synthetic will likely work. I had some glove liners made of polypropylene that worked well.
Shoes - totally dependent on body mechanics. Go to a good running store with knowledgeable staff. BE SURE you get running shoes for running. Walkers can get walking shoes and would be better off that way, but don't use them for running. (Walking shoes have softer soles... great for walking... but not firm enough for running.) You can tell how comfortable they are, but often a knowledgeable person is needed to tell how "right" they are for your feet and your body mechanics. AT FIRST, just use typical trainers. They're fairly light. Don't bother with super light. That will come later. Focus on getting something right for your feet that feel good. That's all. LATER you can learn more about lighter, faster shoes, specialty types, racing shoes, etc.
Socks - While there are many preferences (e.g. softness, thickness) the one thing to consider is whether they are loose enough in the toe and don't catch your toe nails. May sound odd, but over many miles that will give you black toenails that sometimes fall off (no permanent damage).
Hat/visor - To each her own. The only things I look for are... because I wear a headlamp in the dark, I don't want a thick buckle/fastener that will irritate my head when the headlamp strap is back there too.
Headlamp - For some who are willing to run in the dark (or who need to because of their schedule... like me) look for light weight and no bounce. That's mostly all. For road running, it does not have to be very bright. I strongly prefer a good red flashing light in the back, but that can be added independently. For trail running (which I don't do much) consider a light mounted lower (waist) so the shadows are more evident which helps GREATLY in seeing your footing. For road running that's not too important... in fact, I prefer the light source on my forehead because animal eyes glow very well that way, so I can see cats, dogs, deer and I've even seen cows that way.. also, no kidding, I've seen the blue/green eye-shine of wolf spiders... I was showing my daughter that just two days ago.
Sunglasses - Polarized can be nice. Light is nice. coverage to the side is very helpful at times. For old geezers like me, having a built-in reader component is great for seeing my watch better. Having rubber-ish grips on the temples (arms) can be very helpful. But I can get along with any old pair too. MUST block UV a & b, but most do now.
Fleece for cold weather - I quit using the half-zip because I cannot adjust my temp as well. I replaced mine with full zip. When I get hot, I can stay cool much better by unzipping (not possible with half zip). I prefer a bit lighter and not-too-loose material to fit under a wind-breaker/running jacket/shell.
Running jacket - Usually, I want breathable (not water proof... although I've not tried the expensive Gortex). The typical wind breaker may work, but mine are all for running. They're light. If I need cold protection, I put a fleece under it. These sometimes have vents which helps get rid of some sweat. The zipper should work very well... it's a horrible pain to be fooling with the zipper on a run.
Watch - This is optional, but very nice. If money is tight, you can even just time your run as you head out the door. But a basic watch is very cheap and would enable you to do laps. The GPS running watches are very handy and help give you the numbers that can be motivating... by numbers I only mean time and distance. It's nice to log those and see your progress... especially if it's combined with heart rate numbers... to see your heart rate fall as you become more fit is REALLY motivating. There are some versions that are less expensive, but they are still a little costly. But note that you'll use this thing for several years so it's not like shoes that have to be replaced frequently. I use the Garmin Forerunner 305 (an old model) and have had a version of this since 2007 (when I first started casual running).
Heart Rate Monitor - I use a GPS watch with this feature built in. For me the big advantage was having the single unit AND being able to log my HR along with my running data. This offers a lot of motivation... You can watch your heart rate drop for the same speed of run. I can't tell you how motivating that is. It's like a measurement of health... awesome. For those on a tight budget who are willing to do a slight bit of extra work... do the same thing by taking your pulse directly after your run... just before your cool down... stop for just 20 seconds and take a 15 second measurement of pulse... (multiply by 4), finish the cool down, and record the heart rate that when you get home. You will see the same progress.
Software - Many watches (especially GPS) come with software. My Garmin did, but I didn't like it as well as Sporttracks (a great piece of software for logging runs). I use it to download the data after running. It stores the runs in a way that works very well for me. It also tracks my shoes so I can easily tell how many miles are on them and I replace them after they reach my pre-determined miles. (I'm retiring a pair today.) I highly recommend Sporttracks. I have no stock in them... but I bought this one when it was still freeware... I paid the maximum suggested donation because it was so useful. I continue to use it even though it's now for purchase.
Water belt - I highly recommend using something. They are a royal pain at first, but then you do settle in and become accustom to it. Having said that, some people plan their course to go near water sources and others plant water bottles along the course. I just carry water so I can run out the door and change course whenever I want. I can give you my own tips, but this will vary a lot from person to person. Some carry hand-helds and love it... I strongly dislike carrying anything in my hands. Others use a pack on their back with a tube over their shoulder from which they sip water. I've thought about those, but have not spent the money. I use a Amphipod belt (we can talk about the details and the modifications I had to make if anyone is interested). The ONE thing I highly recommend is to assure that it has some elasticity to it. If not, it will come loose while running. With the elastic, you can tighten it and little bounces won't cause it to slip off so quickly.
Socialization without Scheduling Issues - Try Runner's World Online Forums... free and... Oh... I suppose you've already located this one. :-)
That's all that comes to mind off the top of my little head. :-) If I can help anyone, just ask.
I keep it basic pair of shorts a t-shirt my garmin 305 and my ASIC cumulus 15 running shoes and my knee brace. If I had anything else to put on for my runs I would forget them anyways and realize halfway through the run so why bother
Hi folks - another great string! Thanks for starting it. Trial and error is the best way to go in terms of gear. Be sure to check out our articles about how to find the best shoes and gear. And as it is with so many things, it's going to be a lot of trial and error until you find the stuff that works best for you.And be open to change: what you need and want is going to change as your running life evolves.
A few buying tips:
- if you find a pair of gear or shoes that you REALLY love and couldn't live without, buy multiples. You just never know when the manufacturer is going to go belly up, or stop making that model. I value my Patagonia Wind-proof running pants more than every dollar in my bank account because they allow me to work out outside even in the coldest conditions. And of course, Patagonia stopped making them.
- There is never a single brand or make or model of shoe or gear that is THE best for everyone all the time. So don't fall for bold promises. No single shoe will make you faster or injury-free. But a shoe that doesn't fit you well can certainly get you hurt. There is only one shoe that is the best fit for your feet at any given moment. And an experienced person at a specialty running shop can help you find what will work best for you. It is really intimidating to go into those shops when you're just starting out. Everyone seems so fast and serious. But everyone was new at this once, and I guarantee you, the advice you get will save you lots of miserable uncomfortable miles.
What do I wear?
For 6-7 years, I wore Brooks Adrenalin. Swore by them. they worked for me. Then I got a pair that I didn't like, and I tried Nike Lunar Eclipse, then Asics Gel Kayano. As I age, and the structure of my body changes, and my weight fluctuates, I am finding that different pairs work for me.
I love the Brooks Running Socks versatile low cut 3-pack. They feel like cotton, but don't chafe, and wick moisture away from the feet really well.
I love to wear visors - which wick away the sweat and keep the sun out of my eyes. I prefer them to hats, which tend to make me too warm.
Patagonia R1 pullover (It's expensive, but it lasts).
Hope that helps!
A few other pieces of Go-To gear that I can't leave the house without:
iPod Shuffle: the bottom-of-the-line ipod, it's got everything I need and is SO lightweight. Clips on to anything.
Runner's ID: Put it on my shoelaces. It has name, emergency contact info, etc.
Headlamp: great for all sorts of things beyond running. I use the Petzel Tikka. Great for running early in the morning or late at night.


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2009 Image Gallery
The Division of Fluid Dynamics exists for the advancement and diffusion of knowledge of the physics of fluids with special emphasis on the dynamical theories of the liquid, plastic and gaseous states of matter under all conditions of temperature and pressure.
Every year, the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics hosts a physical Gallery of Fluid Motion at its annual meeting -- a room where stunning graphics and videos from computational or experimental studies showing flow phenomena are displayed. The most outstanding entries are selected by a panel of referees for artistic content and honored for their originality and ability to convey information. Past winners are published in the journal Physics of Fluids.
The Gallery of Fluid Motion at the 62nd APS Division of Fluid Dynamics Annual Meeting, held from November 22-24, 2009 at the Minneapolis Convention Center, highlighted a subset of submitted images and videos prior to the judging process.
2009 Video Gallery
Usage Permission
Reporters seeking permission to use these images or desiring author contact information should email Jason Bardi.
Viscous Splash
At atmospheric pressure, the drop first spreads smoothly, then after about a millisecond, a thin sheet of fluid is ejected. The drop continues to expand until the thin sheet begins to rip apart, creating a splash.
Stretching and Deformation of a Viscous Filament in a Turbulent Flow
Studying the mechanisms that controls the formation of emulsions of very viscous liquids to better understand how to handle highly viscous oil residues.
A Short-Wave Instability Caused by the Approach of a Vortex Pair to a Ground Plane
The counter-rotating pair of vortices formed from aircraft wingtips in flight presents a potential hazard to other aircraft in the form of a sustained rolling moment.
Splash: Drop Impact on Small Targets
The dynamics of drops impacting small targets is investigated in experiments using high-speed imaging up to 30,000 frames per second.
Visualization of the Flow Around Shells Used by Hermit Crabs
The flow around gastropod shells used by hermit crabs (Calcinus californiensis) was visualized experimentally.
Lagrangian Feature Extraction of the Cylinder Wake
Extracting Lagrangian features in the 2-D von-Kármán vortex street behind a circular cylinder. The distance of neighboring fluid particles is monitored with forward and backward time evolution over two shedding periods.
Bubble Cluster Explosion
Twenty-five laser-induced cavitation bubbles are created simultaneously inside a thin liquid gap using a single laser pulse.
Antibubbles in a Cyclone Eyewall
An antibubble is the inverse of a bubble. Who would expect that something spectacular may result when soapy water is poured on a pool of the same soapy water?
The Geometry of Ocean Mixing
Mixing processes in oceans are key contributors to very important features of the current climate.
Revisiting Karman Vortex Street
The unsteadiness that flow can exhibit is observed above a certain critical flow speed in the form of periodic vortex shedding pattern known as Karman Vortex Street.
Vortex Furrows in the Transitioning Boundary Layer
Mushroom shaped vortices composed of vortex filaments erupt outward from the region adjacent to a solid boundary as the flow (toward the viewer) transitions from a smooth, laminar state towards one that is chaotic and turbulent.
3-D Flow Visualization of a Turbulent Jet
The transition to turbulence in a jet is captured in three-dimensional detail using a recently developed high-speed 3-D flow visualization technique.
Water in Acoustic Motion
The transfer of ultrasound energy/momentum into the fluid causes the water to stream and/or move in the direction of the ultrasound field.
Vortex Shedding in the Wake of a Step Cylinder
Water flows over step cylinder composed of two coaxially joined cylinders of different diameters. This results in complex vortex connections between large cylinder and small cylinder vortices that can be seen in the images.
Defining Microstructured Fluids and Soft Materials, Bottom Up
Massively scaled-out microfluidic device for the in-flow formation and perfusion of a 3-D vascularized biomaterial.
Spikes and Bubbles in Turbulent Mixing: High Atwood Number Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
Rayleigh-Taylor instability occurs at the interface between a heavy fluid overlying a light fluid, under a constant acceleration, and is of fundamental importance in a multitude of applications ranging from astrophysics and to ocean and atmosphere dynamics.
Miscible Oil Droplets in Alcohol
A droplet of oil is released into a container of isopropyl alcohol. The refraction difference between the oil and alcohol causes the edges of the oil droplet to appear bright.
Water Drops in Hot Oil
Recording and summarizing what happens when drops of water at room temperature were released in hot oil.
Interfacial Jets: An Oscillating Bubble Collapses Near a Fluid-Fluid Interface
An explosively expanding bubble with a maximum bubble radius of 0.68 mm is generated by vaporizing the water just above a fluid-fluid interface with a short laser pulse.
Vortical Structure of Plane Jet Issuing from a Sinusoidal Wavy Nozzle
These images show the flow structure of the plane jet issuing from a sinusoidal wavy nozzle in three horizontal planes