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Do Pacifiers Protect From Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Through an Increase in Upper Airway Patency?
Recruitment status was: Recruiting
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Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of death among infants between 1 month and 1 year of age in the developed world. SIDS continues to be a phenomenon of unknown cause. The best approach to for prevention in high risk infants is unclear. Several substantial lines of evidence indicate that pacifiers have a protective effect on the incidence of SIDS. These studies were significantly powered and the results were consistent world-wide. The explanation for the protective effects of pacifiers on SIDS prevalence is unclear. A recent case report from New Zealand showed by means of nasopharyngeal films of a baby with and without a pacifier the possibility that sucking on a pacifier is associated with a forward movement of the tongue with enlargement of the upper airways' cross sectional area. Indeed, this hypothesis was originally postulated 30 years ago by Cozzi et al.
Working hypothesis and aims: Our hypothesis is that since the upper respiratory tract is that portion of the airway that imposes the greatest resistance to ventilation, sucking on a pacifier results in upper airway dilatation, thus greatly reducing upper airway obstruction and improving ventilation at a stage when infants are virtually obligate nasal breathers. It should be stressed that airway resistance is proportional to the 3rd power of the radius of the airway, thus even a relatively small increase in airway diameter may have a profound effect on airway resistance and respiratory mechanical work of breathing! In young infants and those with underdeveloped respiratory center drive, this decrease in the work of breathing could certainly be sufficient to minimize the risk of SIDS as described above.Thus, the aim of this study is to demonstrate the effect of sucking on a pacifier on upper airway patency.
|Sudden Infant Death
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Observational Model: Case-Crossover
Time Perspective: Prospective
|Official Title:
|Do Pacifiers Protect From Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Through an Increase in Upper Airway Patency?
- Upper airway caliber and patency [ Time Frame: 10-20 minutes ]
|Estimated Enrollment:
|Study Start Date:
|February 2010
|Estimated Study Completion Date:
|December 2012
|Estimated Primary Completion Date:
|December 2010 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
Ten to 12 infants' parents who have been referred for clinical examination of MR (or CT with and without contrast) of the brain and neck and who require sedation to perform this examination will be asked to participate in the study. These infants represent a potentially ideal population in which to study the upper airway. They are already undergoing MR/CT, their upper airways images are recorded, are asleep, and do not typically have airway abnormalities. In these children, 2 images of the upper airways -one obtained while with and one obtained while without a pacifier -will be analyzed and compared. In no case will additional sedation be given to obtain the MR/CT images of the airway. If the patient begins to wake up during the investigational sequence, the sequence will be aborted.
To test our hypothesis using the functional method, we will compare LRT aerosol penetration with and without a pacifier.
Infants who are regular pacifier users and are receiving therapeutic aerosols regularly (e.g., ventolin, budicort) will be studied. Labeling the aerosol particles with a gamma emitting isotope marker and quantifying its deposition scintigraphically by means of a gamma camera is a simple, safe and commonly used method to assess aerosol deposition throughout the URT and LRT.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|up to 24 Months (Child)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
|Sampling Method:
|Non-Probability Sample
Inclusion Criteria:
-Infants who have been referred for clinical examination of MR (or CT with and without contrast) of the brain and neck -
- Regular (at least 2 hours a day) of a pacifier
Exclusion Criteria:
-Infants who have histories and/or signs, or symptoms of airway abnormalities -
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01120938
|Contact: Israel Amirav, MD
|Ziv Medical center
|Safed, Israel, 13100
|Principal Investigator: Israel Amirav, MD
|Principal Investigator:
|Israel Amirav, MD
|Ziv Medical Center
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
|Responsible Party:
|Israel Amirav MD, Ziv Medical center
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT01120938 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|Study First Received:
|May 8, 2010
|Last Updated:
|May 25, 2010
Keywords provided by Ziv Hospital:
AIrways, Patency, Infant death
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Infant Death
Sudden Infant Death
Pathologic Processes
Death, Sudden
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017


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Off the Charts
We feel like a broken record, but the market continues its methodical climb. Call it a stair-step, call it an escalator, but any way you slice it, the market just continues to grind higher. Many are waiting for a potential pullback, but the market isn't giving it to them. The Dow is quickly approaching the psychological level of 1400 and the S&P (SPY) remains above 1500 as both indices climbed 0.5% on the day. The Nasdaq closed with marginal losses near the flat line.
There has been a stealth rally in the S&P so far in 2013 as the index has currently rallied more than 5.5% in January. Many are perplexed at this recent rally as the speed and trajectory have been different from those we have seen in the past. The intra-day momentum has been lackluster overall, and very stock specific on a day-to-day basis. Swing traders enjoy this type of action more than active traders do....747 more words left in this article. To read them, just click below and try Real Money FREE for 14 days.
There's no substitute for a trading floor to get great ideas, so Jim Cramer created a better one at Real Money and blogs there exclusively. We then added legendary hedge fund manager, Doug Kass, with his exclusive Daily Diary and best investing ideas. Staffed with more than 4 dozen investing pros, money managers, journalists and analysts, Real Money Pro gives you a flood of opinions, analysis and actionable trading advice found nowhere else, and allows you to interact directly with each expert.
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subset: commoncrawl


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The California drought has caught the attention of the general public.
I surmise this because our church "small group" met last night and one of the guys asked me several questions about the drought. What will happen to the fruit this summer? Is desalination a possibility?
Of course, folks know I write for a produce publication and may be paying more attention to fruit and vegetable topics than the typical Joe because of that connection.
Still, I have to believe more and more consumers are aware of the California drought and are beginning to wonder what it will mean this summer. This coverage from The Mercury in California quotes experts who say this drought could be long-lived. Time magazine also tells how the drought could be much, much worse .
Other coverage talks about how the Republicans may want to cast the drought as a political ally in the fight to win election contests with California Democrats.
The California drought is also being injected into the farm bill at the 11th hour. From a news release that just sailed into my inbox today:
Washington, D.C. – At the request of Speaker of the House John Boehner and California Congressmen David Valadao, Kevin McCarthy, and Devin Nunes, Agriculture Committee Chairman Frank Lucas has presented a legislative fix in a bicameral conference committee to relieve the water crisis in the South Valley. The proposal, meant for inclusion in the Farm Bill that could pass Congress as early as this week, calls for two main actions:
· Turning on the Delta pumps this year and next year to capture future rain events.
· Ending restoration flows in the San Joaquin River for this year and next year in order to stop wasting water.
In a joint statement, the three California representatives declared, "We'd like to thank Speaker Boehner and Chairman Lucas for their leadership and for acting quickly on this urgent issue. With more than 50,000 acre feet of water about to be flushed into the ocean, this is the last chance to make a difference for tens of thousands of Central Valley farmers and residents whose water supplies are running critically low. We urge California's senators to support this language and cooperate with the House to get it passed into law as soon as possible."
Probably the bottom line of what the public wants to know is this: what will the drought do to produce supply and prices?
The deficit in moisture may cost untold millions to growers, workers, marketers and retailers. Just how bad will it be?
Is the drought bound to be the biggest challenge in 2014? Check out the LinkedIn poll on that question here.


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The Stories behind my Staging Sayings – Part One
For nearly forty years I've shared my knowledge of Home Staging through presentations across the country, and through the Accredited Staging Professional and Masters Courses.
During those years I've developed many sayings in order to effectively communicate the benefits of Home Staging to real estate professionals, sellers and of course Home Stagers.
In the following series I thought I would share what was behind each of these sayings.
Barb Schwarz, The Creator of Home Staging®
Founder/CEO Stagedhomes.com®
Founder/Chairwoman of The International Association of Home Staging Professionals®
This Staging Saying I made up when I stood outside a seller's home and it was covered with tall trees and overgrown bushes! So trim them Mr. Seller! You can use it many ways such as for crowded counters. You can't sell the counters either if you can't see them!
I wrote this saying after a FSBO sold their house on their own, once I Staged it, without getting paid first, to their best friends. That was the day I learned even best friends do not have the imagination to know ahead of time what it could look like & to never Stage Houses until you get the sellers name on the dotted line first! I created and built the industry of Home Staging, all these 40 years, on the mistakes I made first & then taught myself how to do it right from the beginning.
This Is one of my main Staging Sayings I developed through the years. It tells sellers that now their home has become a house and the house has become a product for sale so now it needs to be Staged!
Too many sellers try to sell their homes vacant. This Staging Saying I made up while standing in a vacant living room with a seller. Showing him pictures of other vacant homes that I had Staged while we stood in his vacant house got the point across! He could see then his vacant house wasn't making it sell at all.
We don't want the house vacant, and we don't want the house stuffed full. There is a balance in the middle but always remember, in the end, 'Less is More."
Category: Accredited Staging Professional ® Course, ASP Home Staging Training, ASP Online Home Staging Training, ASP Staging Stories, ASP's, ASPM's, Barb Schwarz, Home Staging Articles, Home Staging Training, international association of home staging professionals, Stagedhomes.com


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WASHINGTON, D.C. — The government shutdown that began midnight Oct. 1 has caused more disruptions to the agenda of the Sept. 30-Oct. 2 United Fresh Produce Association's Washington Public Policy Conference.
In an e-mail to WPPC participants on Oct. 1, United Fresh president Tom Stenzel the association was forced to cancel the March on the Senate Oct. 2 because of numerous cancellations. He said the White House has told United Fresh that Let's Move Executive Director and scheduled WPPC speaker Sam Kass will not be allowed to attend due to the shutdown. A planned Oct. 2 visit by WPPC attendees to the Food and Drug Administration headquarters in Maryland has been scrapped because of the government shutdown.
However, FDA Deputy Commissioner for Foods Mike Taylor will appear at the event Oct. 2.
"Although he was not scheduled to speak at our FDA Forum, the other scientists have been caught in the shutdown and are not allowed to be working," Stenzel said in the e-mail.
Rep. Jeff Denham, R-Calif., was slated to speak Oct. 2, Stenzel said, but the WPPC closing luncheon session has been cancelled and food from the event will be donated to food banks, Stenzel said.
The government shutdown forced the relocation of the Oct. 1 WPPC Fresh Festival from the Rayburn House office building to the Hyatt Regency near Capitol Hill.
While WPPC attendees were able to meet with some House of Representative lawmakers Oct. 1 in its grassroots advocacy event "March on the Hill," other meetings were cancelled.
WPPC attendees did hear remarks from Senate Agricultural Committee Chairwoman Debbie Stabenow, D-Mich., and U.S. Department of Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack, in addition to Rep. Austin Scott, R-Ga., chairman of the House Agriculture Committee's horticulture subcommittee, and Rep. Kurt Schrader, D-Ore., ranking member of the House Agriculture Committee horticulture subcommittee.
The WPPC agenda also featured education sessions Oct. 1 focusing on food safety, labor issues and school foodservice demand for fresh produce.


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Black Ninja!
Black Ninja!
Black Ninja!
The Trinity
16-bit Moderator
Black Ninja!
Moderator "The Trinity"
..making his way to the ring being accompanied by.."
In memory of Divas history month, I've devised a list of the greatest Diva valets that have come and gone. Some were there to kick ass, and some were there to look pretty, but all were unique in their own way.
Lita became most famous as a manger in 2000, when she associated herself with the high-flying
I know many will say that there already lots of blogs about the 2011 draft but i just want to give my thoughts on the WWE Draft.
Ok so many believed that this year Smackdown got the better of the draft, gaining more wrestlers than RAW and gaining a lot of credible wrestlers. It seemed as if WWE were trying to build up the Divas division and tag team division, and have succeeded to an


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good: I have been practicing my flick again after becoming a backhand savant and it is getting back to where it was.
better: going to follow the USDGC lead card on sat.
Ugly: My dog knocked a bowl out of my hand this morning and it shattered. One of the shards ripped a pretty big hole in my big toe and I probably should've gotten stitches but went with a lot of butterfly bandages. I need it to heal quickly because I play my only PDGA next weekend.


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The Nutrition and Physical Activity Program provides free classes to promote optimal nutrition and increased physical activity throughout the Northwest Pasadena community. We offer series of five 60-minute classes, each fun, interactive and informative. Classes are available in either English and Spanish. Topics covered include:
Click HERE to download the flyer for free June-July classes at the Pasadena Public Health Department (English in the morning and Spanish in the evening).
Join us, starting June 10th for classes in Spanish or June 12th for classes in English!


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LOS ANGELES—The Los Angeles City Council has voted to place two measures on the city ballot to regulate medical marijuana dispensaries.
The council agreed Tuesday to let voters decide on the measures in May. One would limit the number of storefront pot clinics from hundreds to around 100. The other would allow an unlimited number but keep them away from schools, parks and other places.
The council also gave preliminary approval to a third measure, sponsored by Councilman Paul Koretz, which would reduce the number of dispensaries and increase their business tax. However, that measure requires a second vote.
A union and a marijuana collective coalition that backed one of the earlier measures now say they'll back Koretz's measure.


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That's a small except. Full article above.If they fail to land a star of the magnitude of Anthony or James, there is a consolation prize. The Bulls would love to nab Lance Stephenson from the Indiana Pacers, move Jimmy Butler to the three and add highly touted Nikola Mirotic after using the amnesty clause on Carlos Boozer. That would give them a talented roster, but still not a great one.
And yes, it's another Lance thread


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[ In Search for Professionals is a project of HSH+S Headhunters & Recruiters, Frankenthal/Germany und Düsseldorf/D, headhunting and recruiting in Germany, Switzerland and Austria ]
Since 1994 the mission of HSH+S is to provide comprehensive Recruitment, Headhunting and Executive Search Services to clients from almost all industries.
For international clients and global groups, most of our recruitment projects are focused on the German speaking countries Germany, Switzerland and Austria.
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HSH+S Recruitment focus on clients, who are searching for the real "Performers", achivers with high competence, professionalism, power and success orientation. We are not searching for "new staff members", we are headhunting the Talents, Potentials and High Performers in their field. We identifies, evaluates and select entrepreneurial thinking Executives, Engineers and Sales Managers since almost 15 years.
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Publishers' Series
Publishers' series, a marketing gimmick by which selected titles were issued in uniform editions, were popular with readers and profitable for the larger publishing houses during the nineteenth century. Libraries and individuals could acquire relatively inexpensive editions of texts that had already been selected by publishers as significant. Publishers profited because titles issued in a series remained in print longer than others, and the inclusion of series lists in subsequent volumes was a cheap way to advertise. In the United States Harper & Brothers of New York were pioneers in the area of series publishing. Almost every one of their series had the word "library" in its title, reinforcing the notion that purchasers were not merely buying books but building libraries. Harper's Family Library, advertised as the "cheapest series of popular works ever published," grew over fifteen years to include 187 non-fiction titles. Their School District Library included 212 titles bound in 295 volumes, and was a prescribed purchase by many local school boards. Other series issued by Harper include the Boy's and Girl's Library, the Library of Select Novels, and the Theological Library.
In Boston, Ticknor and Fields Books in Blue and Gold, which commenced publications in 1856 and so called for their characteristic bindings of gold-stamped decoration on bright blue cloth, were an instant success and made it clear to publishers that buyers do judge books by their covers. Imitations of this extremely popular binding style were soon adopted and marketed by other publishers throughout the country.
Recognizing the importance of publishers' series within the context of publishing history, a new classification, "Publishers' Series," was organized and examples of this genre were pulled from all the literary and topical collections in which they had formerly been dispersed. Arranged by series title or by publisher/series title, the Society's collection includes titles from nine of the Harper libraries, seventy-two editions of fifty-two titles issued in the series Books in Blue and Gold, and many other titles issued in series published by Carey & Lea in Philadelphia, Scribner's, the American Tract Society, and G.P. Putnam's in New York, and Stimson & Clapp, Wells & Lilly, Marsh Capen, Lyon & Webb, and Hilliard & Brown in Boston and Cambridge.
All titles shelved in this classification are cataloged online to full rare book standards. Access is provided by series title as well as by all the usual points. Currently there are 685 records for titles published between 1828 and 1876.
- Doris O'Keefe, Senior Cataloger


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Researchers who presented their findings at a recent gathering of pediatricians said that they wanted to see if they could reduce crying time in infants with colic by improving the balance of healthy bacteria in the digestive tract. Doctors gave 50 infants with colic 100 million colony-forming units of a Lactobacillus reuteri supplement per day or a placebo for three weeks.
After seven days, infants in the placebo group spent 50 percent less time crying per day compared to 68 percent less time for the probiotics group. After three weeks, the average crying time in the placebo group was 90 minutes per day compared to 35 minutes per day for those who took probiotics. Also after three weeks, 43 percent of children in the placebo group no longer had colic compared to 84 percent of the children who had taken probiotics.


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text: DEP denies petition to declare Blair Mountain unsuitable for mining By Paul J. Nyden July 8, 2011 Story Share CHARLESTON, W.Va. -- The West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection has denied a petition asking that Blair Mountain be declared unsuitable for mining.In a letter written earlier this week, a DEP lawyer called the June 2 petition, which was filed by several groups, "frivolous" under state law.The largest armed confrontation in U.S. history took place in late August and early September 1921 along the Blair Mountain ridge, on the border of Boone and Logan counties. More than 10,000 union miners were marching toward the southern coalfields, attempting to organize nonunion miners.Massey Energy, now part of Alpha Natural Resources, and Arch Coal have indicated they hope to develop strip-mining operations on Blair Mountain.Gordon Simmons, president of the West Virginia Labor History Association, said Thursday, "I find it strange that an agency of state government would dismiss something as frivolous that involves an important historic event in the state's history."Blair Mountain has not been surface mined," he said. "You can still see the entrenchments from the battle in 1921. We have no objections to deep mining under the mountains."Last month, about 1,200 people participated in a five-day march to preserve the site. Their march began in Marmet, where the historic 1921 march began, and ended up on top of Blair Mountain.The June 2 petition was filed by the Sierra Club, Friends of Blair Mountain, National Trust for Historic Preservation, Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition, West Virginia Labor History Association and West Virginia Highlands Conservancy.The groups are represented by lawyers Derek Teaney of the Appalachian Center for the Economy and the Environment in Lewisburg, and Jessica Yarnell of the Sierra Club in San Francisco. "We have known all along that [the] DEP is a lapdog of the coal industry," said OVEC executive director Janet Keating. "We didn't expect any support from them."Thomas L. Clarke, a DEP lawyer, wrote the letter on July 5 denying the petition."What we are doing is applying the rules about lands unsuitable [for preservation]," Clarke said Thursday. "There have been other efforts to list Blair Mountain on the National Register of Historic Places. There has been a listing and a delisting and other litigation over this issue."Brandon Price, a local representative of the Sierra Club, criticized the DEP for making a decision without holding a public hearing. "Their outright rejection of the petition without fair hearing should be condemned," Price said. "If the DEP cannot do their job, then maybe it is time for the Governor's Office to step in and help Blair Mountain obtain the protection it deserves."Brandon Nida, who does archaeological research at the University of California, Berkeley, and is a member of Friends of Blair Mountain, said that, since 1991, multiple archaeological surveys have "uncovered artifacts and information that have contributed immensely to our understanding of the significance of the battlefield." That research uncovered 15 previously unknown battle sites at Blair Mountain, Nida said.In April, the United Mine Workers joined a lawsuit filed against U.S. Interior Secretary Ken Salazar, seeking to restore Blair Mountain to the National Register.The lawsuit, filed in U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, also was filed by the Sierra Club, OVEC, Friends of Blair Mountain and West Virginia Labor History Association.The federal district court has not made a decision yet.In his July 5 letter, Clarke called the petition filed with DEP "frivolous" under state law because it "exempts certain lands from being designated as unsuitable for mining."Clarke said lands cannot be designated as "unsuitable for mining" if they were covered by mining permits before August 1977, after a new federal law regulating strip mining was passed. Clarke also wrote that the DEP "shall not consider a petition for an area which was previously and unsuccessfully proposed for designation which does not present new allegations of facts."A significant portion of the 1,668 acres on Blair Mountain the environmental and public interest groups hope to preserve, Clarke added in his letter, "has been affected in the past and continues to be affected by oil and gas and logging operations.""We don't dispute that the area is historic," Clarke said Thursday. "We apply regulations. . . . Our rules say, if an area has been confirmed for mining by a permit in the past, it is exempt from being considered for historic preservation."Teaney, of the Appalachian Center for the Economy and the Environment, said he wouldn't comment on what the groups' next steps would be. "We have not ruled out any options," he said, "but our policy is not to comment on things that are in litigation or could be in litigation."Reach Paul J. Nyden at email@example.com or 304-348-5164. Story Share Story Share Trending Now 1 WVU notebook: Holgorsen says injured players 'close' 2 Nitro police captain fired over off-duty confrontation caught on video 3 WV Gov. Justice appoints Foster's replacement to House 4 Malfunctioning aircraft lands safely at Yeager Airport 5 DHHR: WV medical marijuana law will need $2 million in upfront costs HOORAY FOR 'HARRY'! Previous Story Phosgene leak could have crossed river, CSB says Next Story


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A few hours after federal agents removed six-year-old Elian Gonzalez from the home of his great-uncle Lazaro, the graying warriors of el exilio begin filing into the Miami studios of Radio Mambí (WAQI-AM 710). One of the most popular talk-radio stations in South Florida, Mambí largely caters to an audience of fervent exiles eager to support politicians who can prove their anti-Castro mettle on the air. At the moment of perhaps the greatest Cuban-exile crisis since the 1961 Bay of Pigs debacle, station director Armando Perez-Roura's soundproof booth is transformed into a bunker where strategies are planned, villains decried, and heroes exalted.
Throughout Saturday and Sunday disappointment in the U.S. government's betrayal booms across the airwaves. Mayors, county commissioners, and state representatives trek to the cement-block building on Coral Way to voice their outrage. Ordinary listeners call in to express concern for a little boy who symbolizes both their suffering and their hopes for salvation.
By 1:00 p.m. Saturday a coalition of eighteen exile organizations, including the Cuban Municipalities in Exile, Brothers to the Rescue, and the Cuban American National Foundation, has crafted a letter, more than 600 words long, condemning the federal government's actions. In a recording replayed periodically during the next 48 hours, Perez-Roura's rich basso delivers the harangue with restrained urgency. Juan Miguel Gonzalez is first "the messenger of Castro" and only secondarily the "biological father" of Elian, he intones. The boy's second cousin, Marisleysis Gonzalez, is his "spiritual mother." The federal agents who seized Elian are "assault troops, reminiscent of the Gestapo" who "brutally penetrated" the room where Marisleysis and Elian slept, turning on the Gonzalez family "terrifying weapons used in attacks against narcotraffickers." The Associated Press photograph of an immigration officer wielding a gun while Elian cowers in the arms of a family friend displays a "savage act, without parallel in the history of the United States, an act that violates the most cherished civil traditions of this great nation."
After calling for a general strike and a peaceful march, Perez-Roura closes by seemingly distancing the exile community from the laws of the United States and invoking a utopian principle: "This is the ... inviolable line of this Cuban-exile community, an exile community that does not recognize any law other than justice nor any flag other than that of liberty."
Shortly after 1:00 p.m. Miami-Dade County Commissioner Javier Souto, a stalwart of the old guard and friend to the viejito, takes to Mambí to criticize Miami city police, claiming officers have abused citizens during the street disturbances. They need to be reined in, he asserts. What seems to anger the commissioner most is the treatment he received while walking on Flagler Street near 25th Avenue. When stopped by a cop, Souto claims, he identified himself and asked to inspect the area. The officer allegedly responded, "I don't care who you are. Leave or you are going to jail."
"I am a commissioner," Souto insists to the Mambí listeners. "You have to respect me."
When Souto exits about an hour later, he encounters Miami Mayor Joe Carollo, who is accompanied by several bodyguards. A crowd of about 25 people is milling outside. Having heard Souto's tirade about out-of-control Miami police, Carollo shouts at the commissioner: "Hey! What are you saying about me?" Souto responds by relating his encounter with the police. The mayor trembles with rage, then tells the commissioner to stay out of city affairs. After a few tense moments, Souto walks to his car and the mayor heads for the studio. (Carollo did not return a call seeking comment.)
As Carollo approaches the glass double-doors that lead into Mambí's foyer, he is ambushed by shouts of "Coward! Coward!" by Eladio Armesto, Jr., the mayor's opponent in a 1996 election and publisher of an exile newspaper called El Nuevo Patria. Brushing past Armesto into the lobby, Carollo insists to supporters that Armesto is a tool of city Commissioner Tomas Regalado, a political foe and radio commentator. His jaw clenched in anger, the mayor hisses, "That sack of shit was sent by Regalado."
Inside the studio a female supporter approaches the mayor, who stands beneath a television monitor that is flashing images of rioters burning Dumpsters. Taking Carollo's hand, she reassures him: "We love you." Then station staff hustles Carollo and his entourage upstairs for an interview on WQBA-AM (1140), a less powerful emisora owned by the same company as Mambí. In this diatribe the mayor fumes, "There is not enough room in Hell for the people who gave the order [to take Elian]."
Back downstairs county Commissioner Miriam Alonso is ranting so loudly she can be heard through the broadcast booth's thick glass. Her face mottled purple, her fingers stabbing the air for emphasis, she screams into the microphone: "With everything that has happened, I don't want to live in this country anymore."
At 5:00 p.m. Gonzalez family spokesman (and well-known political consultant) Armando Gutierrez calls in while driving to the airport. He plans to catch a plane within the hour to follow Marisleysis and Lazaro Gonzalez in their pursuit of Elian to Washington, D.C. Like most of his on-air compatriots, Gutierrez urges Miamians to remain calm. He also stresses "we must punish the people who are responsible for the kidnapping."
To keep up with the groundswell of discontent among its listenership, Radio Mambí cancels scheduled programs on Saturday afternoon and evening. News about Elian dominates the airwaves. Nevertheless many regulars drop in. Roger Rojas Lavernia, who often is a guest on the Olga and Tony Show, which normally runs from 5:00 to 6:00 p.m., recalls sadly how he helped out in an early political campaign of now-vilified Attorney General Janet Reno. He takes advantage of the moment to read a poem written in Spanish by one of his colleagues at the station about the former Dade State Attorney.
Her visits were frequent
to the offices of Mambí.
I'll never forget her smile,
which was about level with my forehead.
But one unexpected day
Washington called her.
Her Saxon blood boiled
and that good ol' gal
Turned into a soldier.
At 6:35 p.m. state Rep. Manuel Prieguez, whose district includes Little Havana, takes the microphone. "Representing my colleagues [in Tallahassee], I would like to offer these words. We are indignant.... How could this happen in our own back yard? How could they invade us as if we were not part of the United States?"
Declarations of hosts and invited guests alternate with telephone calls from listeners. Desperate rants are peppered with insults. "The United States government is made up of a bunch of hypocrites and liars," one caller says. Another terms the attorney general "Señorita serpiente" (Miss snake). For many others the president is a "Judas" and "a real son of a bitch."
"We must execute Clinton," one man shouts into his phone.
Calls for peace temper the invitations to violence. But in the minds of some angry members of the public, peace amounts to letting other communities do the dirty work. "Let the blacks burn Miami!" a woman yells into the receiver.
Much debate centers around a picture released by the government that shows a smiling Elian in his father's arms. How could Elian be smiling, ask announcers and listeners, when just a few hours earlier he was overcome by terror? Callers point out inconsistencies between the new photo and those taken during the early morning seizure: Someone claims there is a tooth in Elian's mouth where one was missing before; a Band-Aid is gone from his arm; hair suddenly seems to have sprouted on his head. Antonio Llano Montes, a Mambí news commentator, asserts the photo was "manipulated."
Perez-Roura concludes there are two possibilities; either the picture was taken in Cuba before Elian's departure or someone has generated a montage with a computer. After all, Perez-Roura ventures, the U.S. government has the means and propagandist intentions to fabricate such lies. "That is not Elian," Perez-Roura claims. "He doesn't want anything to do with his father, so how is he going to appear in that photo as if nothing happened? Let's not give any credence to this photo. Now it will begin to rain photographs," the station director warns. Referring to the Associated Press shot of the boy and the soldier, he proclaims, "The only [picture] that has any value is the one that is now circulating around the world."
As the streets grow dark around 8:00 p.m., Perez-Roura is joined by his sidekick, columnist and host Agustin Tamargo, and by Capt. Rene Garcia, whose show Points of View has been cancelled. Mayor Joe Carollo returns to the air, his voice worn almost to a whisper.
"Are you worried, mayor," Perez-Roura asks.
"Armando, what I am is tired," he responds. "I'm tired of seeing how a people that is suffering and has been suffering for 41 years keeps suffering."
Carollo recalls the traumatic afternoon he spent decades ago as a six-year-old in Cuba, standing on the front porch with his family in Havana during the failed Bay of Pigs invasion. That event led Carollo's family to send him alone to the United States as part of Operation Pedro Pan. Like Elian, the mayor recalls, he arrived in this country at the age of six. And like Elian he was separated from his family for nearly six months. "I could never do anything, at six years old, to fight for my homeland," he recalls. "That's why, at 45, I've fought so hard for this child and for our people." Carollo then promises to restore what has been lost. And he asserts Elian united the exile community as never before. "Perhaps this was the principle God wanted to use Elian to accomplish," he says.
As Easter Sunday dawns, the sun glints off the asphalt of the deserted parking lot outside Radio Mambí. A two-person cleaning crew works quietly in the lobby. Just before 8:00 a.m., an infomercial boasts of the curative powers of such medicines as uña del gato, cat claw.
In the prerecorded Family Encounter, Father Florentino Azcoita reads a biblical passage from the Book of Isaiah that seemingly describes the coming of Elian to the exile community: "The people that walked in darkness have seen a great light," he says slowly. "They that dwell in the land of the shadow of death, upon them hath the light shined." He continues, frequently repeating the words to emphasize their uncanny significance: "For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given, and the government shall be upon his shoulder, and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counselor, The Mighty God, The Everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace."
Then Father Azcoita breaks from the biblical text and tries to fit Elian into the role of counselor. "[The boy] did not say many words," he admits, "but in the simplicity of what he said, he has opened new paths for us."
As the Christ child arrived to save humanity, Elian came to rescue the exiles: "A child was born unto us that God wanted to be for [the exile community] what Jesus Christ was for all the world. And this child's name is Elian."
When the program ends, the commercial for cat claw runs again.
Prerecorded shows on health air much of the morning. At 11:00 a.m. Marta Casañas opens her show, Songs of My Land.
Around noon a caller echoes Father Azcoita's messianic message and adds a classical twist. "I won't wish you happy Easter today," he says. "It's a sad day, but it's a sacred day. So first [here is] sacred music for all of us Cubans and for this child." Then, through the receiver of his telephone, he plays Handel's "Hallelujah Chorus" from the Messiah. Feedback and static diminish the sound quality. Then the caller launches into a sermon about Elian. "Will he be delivered into the arms of Hell? No! We have to have faith in the sacred purpose for this child.... Oh, the troubles visited upon patriotic Cubans! The forces of evil will not defeat us!" He goes on interminably until Casañas cuts him off for a commercial.
Another man calls in, responding to an earlier suggestion that all the federal agents wore masks during the raid at the Gonzalez house. "We have to keep our facts straight," the man comments. "The only agent with the face covered was the driver. He wore a mask like the communists use."
"Yes," Casañas agrees.
"Now it's clear this man is a Latin," the caller begins.
"The way he positioned his arm [on the car door] when he was backing up proves it. He's Latin and he's very well-known in this community. He had to conceal his identity."
"Yes, obviously," Casañas replies.
"The whole raid was carried out just like a communist operation."
"Of course."
"Now, the photograph of Elian with Juan Miguel is clearly not the same child who was violently seized yesterday."
"You can see it in his eyes. And he's wearing a Batman shirt! Now everyone knows that children wore Batman clothes a few years ago, but not now. These are lies! There's a word for people [who do these manipulative things]. Miserable."
Halfway through her five-hour show, Casañas debuts a new salsa song written and recorded in the previous 24 hours by Elio Rodriguez. It's called "They Took Him Away."
Rodriguez opens with a spoken introduction that condenses the sentiments voiced on Mambí throughout the weekend: "I dedicate this song to the protest against the betrayal committed by a depraved and degenerate president who, in cahoots with the murderer [Castro], negotiated a betrayal of all the principles of liberty and democracy and exercised brutal force against a helpless little angel. Found sleeping in his humble room in Little Havana, [Elian] was violently snatched by the dogs of immigration, who were armed to the teeth."
In this slow salsa number, Rodriguez often stops singing to speak the most poignant verses.
They took our little Elian,
this little son whom God saved for us.
Assaulted his house in the night.
The immigration guerrillas,
like dogs strongly armed,
they assaulted the humble room,
and little Elian was taken from here
by force and without compassion.
And Janet Reno, ha,
with her tremors
and the depraved Clinton, too.
We will collect one day
for this betrayal.
And why don't they use these guns
against the tyrant in Cuba
who has killed so many children
and shot so many patriots?
By 7:00 p.m. Sunday Armando Perez-Roura is worn out. Jesus Garcia steps in to host the show Peña Mambísa (Mambí Forum) with guest Luis Gomez Dominguez, a Cuban writer and attorney who has a theory about the feds' motivation for nabbing Elian.
Dominguez speculates that Clinton and Castro secretly agreed to the following: The Americans will surrender the rafter boy and in exchange, the Cubans will accept repatriation of 2400 felons who have served their sentences but nonetheless are stranded in U.S. prisons because of their immigration status. This exchange would be just the first step. "Clinton wants to lift the embargo," Dominguez proclaims. "It will be a gift from Clinton's government to the Cuban tyrant."
Contributors: Celeste Fraser Delgado, Jose Luis Jiménez, Lissette Corsa, Jacob Bernstein, and Kathy Glasgow.
On the street they call him, in Spanish, Chocolate. He doesn't want New Times to use his real name. He is a black Cuban who came to the United States when he was just a baby; he's not sure of the date. Friendly yet excitable, he has a smooth, round, clean-shaven face. His walk is a ghetto strut -- shoulders back, head cocked to the side. A few years ago he belonged to a street gang called the Latin Disciples, but he gave up that life when his mother left the family. He now lives with his father. Two vertical scars, the result of a knife fight, crease his cheek beneath his right eye. A patch of hair is missing from his scalp where someone slashed him with a broken bottle. Police arrested him a couple of years ago when he was driving the getaway car during a purse-snatching, but the charges against him, he explains, were dropped.
Like many other Cuban Americans, Chocolate was present during last Saturday's street protests. He fit the profile of the serious provocateur: a young male with a history of violence and a proclivity for getting rowdy. And had the circumstances been different, had the impetus been something other than a communal cry of anguish and frustration, Chocolate and others like him who roamed the streets that day might indeed have incited a full-scale riot. As it turned out, he was home before midnight, like most everyone else.
Chocolate awakens Saturday morning to the tinny sound of television news. "They're taking Elian," his father says. "They came and they took the boy."
Suddenly the seventeen-year-old Cuban American's life, much of it spent brawling in Little Havana's gritty neighborhoods, has a focus; his restless energy has a purpose. Miami will pay, he thinks, and he'll have fun collecting. As the TV flickers, endlessly replaying the desperate scene of a frightened little boy being whisked from a Little Havana house by a federal agent, Chocolate dons a pair of red basketball shorts and a red basketball tank top carrying the name of Detroit Pistons guard Jerry Stackhouse. Then he drapes around his neck a beaded red, white, and blue necklace with the design of a Cuban flag. "I'm going to [the Gonzalez's] house," he tells his dad.
"Go! Go!" comes the reply.
A few minutes later Chocolate joins the swelling crowd on NW Second Street. Elderly men in guayaberas shout into bullhorns. Women in black hold signs and scream, " Cobarde!" (coward!). The throng of media, having patiently waited months for a conclusion to this transcaribbean custody battle, eagerly records the minutiae. Chocolate jumps into the air and joins a chant of "libertad."
Soon the crowd swarms around Miami Police Lt. Bill Schwartz, the department's media spokesman, who was being interviewed by Channel 7 (WSVN-TV) in the Gonzalez's front yard. Someone shouts that they are on private property and angrily commands Schwartz and the TV crew to move.
" Asesino!" several people scream. A water bottle is hurled at Schwartz's head but misses. Others push him. Chocolate joins the crowd while the lieutenant beats a hasty retreat.
" Que pinga la policía!" ("Fucking police!) the youth yells while grabbing his crotch and thrusting his hips. " Que pinga!"
As helmeted officers usher Schwartz into the back of one of several waiting Miami PD patrol cars, Chocolate pushes forward. People bang on the hoods and roofs. A rock arcs overhead and hits one of the vehicles. An old man in a white baseball cap picks up the rock and flings it at the door of another police car.
Chocolate moves with the crowd down NW 24th Avenue and on to Flagler. Earlier the police closed off much of the neighborhood to traffic; now people march freely down the middle of the street. Although swept up in the sense of outrage, Chocolate doesn't lose sight of the purpose: to express anger, to protest the taking of Elian. "I'm not out to get arrested," he says. "I'm trying to help people."
At Flagler and 27th Avenue, a six-lane intersection, two police cars sit in the middle of the empty street. As the crowd grows, the officers find themselves outnumbered and underequipped so they evacuate, joining a long procession of police cars heading east on Flagler. The crowd takes control of the corner. A man in a white Firebird holds the brake on his car and spins his tires until a thick cloud of acrid, black smoke fills the air. Chocolate roars his approval. Someone starts a small trash fire. A group of men pull over a Dumpster from a nearby Chevron gas station and the conflagration grows. Another blaze begins not far away.
Several minutes later dozens of police officers return in gas masks. They carry Plexiglas shields. "Oh, shit," Chocolate says, a smile of surprise crossing his face. He is at the center of the intersection, taunting the cops who stand in formation firing tear gas. Chocolate is hit by a cloud; his eyes tear and his nose burns. Bleary-eyed, he runs back to the Chevron. Inside the clerk is doing a brisk business in water and beer. On the street outside, firemen attack the smoldering trash heaps. Chocolate buys a gallon jug of water and offers it to fellow protesters. Several people, from elderly men to young women, pour water into their eyes. Chocolate is again smiling.
As the crowd leaves the gas station, the police press Chocolate and others down Flagler with their shields. "Move back! Move back!" they yell. One man carrying a video camera shouts, "Let's go!" and boom, three helmeted cops jump him and pin him to the ground. Boom, more cops attack a news photographer who isn't retreating quickly enough. Chocolate walks backward, keeping himself just out of the officers' reach.
Scowling now, Chocolate half skips and half jumps as the police approach. People are picking up rocks and throwing them at the officers. Chocolate rushes to some bushes by a small office building and scrounges in the dirt for a projectile. He trips and an older lady helps him up. Tear-gas canisters sail through the air. The crowd, having earlier learned its lesson, rapidly disperses. An elderly Hispanic woman next to Chocolate is hit with pepper spray, and the young man rushes to her side with his jug. "Gracias, mi hijo," she says tenderly. In her right hand she clutches her purse and a Cuban flag. Her left hand grips a rock.
The protesters, a safe distance from advancing police at Flagler and NW 25th Avenue, turn their attention to an old man with a wooden plank who is smashing up a bus shelter. Chocolate and two others help him by kicking at it. Other men throw newspaper racks into the street and stomp them.
Suddenly the crowd notices a line of ten tow trucks idling in a nearby vacant lot. "Fuck them!" someone yells and throws a rock. As if on command, a volley of rocks flies through the air and the drivers scramble into their vehicles. At least one window is smashed. In a cloud of dust, the trucks zoom off in different directions. That incident alarms the cops. A shiny black Pontiac Grand Prix zooms up and helmeted officers jump out. They chase down a skinny man in shorts and arrest him.
Eventually police are successful in pushing the crowd down side streets. Standoffs continue at SW First Street and 27th Avenue, where several people have lit some automobile tires on fire. But the collective energy seems to have been spent.
By 4:00 p.m. things have quieted down. Chocolate takes advantage of the lull to go home, change, and wait for the cover of night. "Things are definitely going to get crazy," he says eagerly. But he seems confused. He reiterates that he's not trying to hurt anyone, and cloaks his intentions in the familiar refrain of that day: People are just exercising their constitutional right to demonstrate. "We're allowed to do this," he says, adding that the police are the ones provoking the clashes. "Janet Reno and them, they done that kid dirty. And that hurt me; to see that hurt me."
By 7:00 p.m. he's back on the street in gray nylon sweat pants and white T-shirt. He joins a group of teenagers sitting on a wall two blocks from the Gonzalez house. One seventeen-year-old gives only his street name, Mive. A chubby fifteen-year-old in a 2-Pac T-shirt doesn't want to identify himself at all. "Call him Fat Boy," Mive says.
"That was some craziness out there today," Chocolate offers. "Look at his face."
Mive turns his head so his cheek better catches the streetlight's glow. Under his left eye are two scratches. "I was outside the house when they came to get [Elian]," Mive says. "As soon as I saw 'em coming in, I jumped the fence. I got hit in the face with the butt of a gas gun. The cop says to me: 'Motherfucker, you come any closer and I'm gonna kill you.' But as soon as they took him, we started banging with the cops."
"Hell yeah!" Chocolate exclaims.
"Fuck that shit," Mive continues. "City of Miami hauled ass. They were scared of us." Then Mive leans forward conspiratorially. "Tell you what, you stay cool and we'll take you to a place tonight and let you see us really set it off. We all gonna meet at Rey's Pizza at nine."
Chocolate and Fat Boy decide to walk down to Flagler to check things out. The thoroughfare is empty and quiet. Trash is scattered everywhere. Red and blue police lights pulse in the darkness. Chocolate mischievously recalls the earlier confrontation with police and ponders the possibility of a repeat. But when he and Fat Boy make it back to the wall near the Gonzalez home, Fat Boy's mother, a short round woman with cinnamon hair, is waiting for him. "Where you been?" she demands. "I so worried." She beckons and he leaves.
Chocolate heads for Rey's Pizza but only a few people are there. Mive is huddling at a table with some older men. Chocolate sits nearby and says excitedly that he's heard gangs like the Latin Bad Boys and International Posse are going to show up.
Then the men with Mive stand up and depart. Mive himself mounts a skateboard and disappears into the night. Chocolate's gaze follows them, a crestfallen look on his face. "They're going home to watch the news," he says, obviously deflated.
Around 11:00 p.m. Chocolate walks along Flagler, stepping over a toppled street sign and sidewalk graffiti that reads, "Clinton maricón" (Clinton faggot). He bumps into an older couple and chats briefly with them in Spanish. There's a midnight curfew, they tell him. He continues his walk. "It's pitiful, man," he laments. "Everybody's feeling dead. They're all saying they're destroyed and need to go home. I'm sorry to say it but I'm disappointed in my people. We're supposed to keep on destroying, but we let the cops take us over."
Then he turns, slump-shouldered, and heads up a dark empty street toward home.
--Tristram Korten
Two hours after armed soldiers battered down the door of the Gonzalez home in Little Havana, the sun rises on the safe zone of Surfside. Inside the Carousel Barber Shop. an elderly gentleman flips through the latest Playboy magazine, lingering over a list of dirty jokes. A younger customer, still old enough to be a great-grandfather, takes a seat for the first cut of what surely will be a long day.
"I'm ashamed to be an American, I'll tell you that," he says, as the barber wraps a cape around his neck. "This is like Berlin in 1939, the Kristalnacht or whatever you call it. The government storming into a home to steal a six-year-old boy! Well, what can you expect when you have a draft-dodging flag-burner in the White House?"
Thin white hairs are slicked down with bottled water. Scissors slice off little tufts, which flutter to the ground. "Those who don't know their history are doomed to repeat it," he says, launching down a well-worn path. "Go out and stop any car on the street. Take any twenty-year-old from the car. Ask him if he graduated from high school. He'll say yes. Ask if he went to college, he'll say yes. Then ask him who killed Abraham Lincoln. He won't be able to tell you. I'm serious! Six out of ten people won't be able to tell you, or something like that. What happened on December 7, 1941? They don't know. It's despicable!"
The clippers are out now, shearing stubble from the man's neck. "Anyway, I'm disgusted to be an American today. I'd be out there rioting, too, if I were Cuban. Damn right I'd be rioting. Clinton! Reno! Dealing with them is like dealing with Neville Chamberlain. Remember him, holding up that piece of paper? Ha! Ronald Reagan is probably turning over in his grave."
Playboy raises an eyebrow.
"I mean, if he were dead," the man says, correcting himself.
Outside the shop's glass front door, an elderly civil servant scribbles notes on a small yellow legal pad. His polo shirt identifies him as a Surfside zoning-compliance officer. He is frowning.
"Aw, what's he looking at?" asks the barber, peering out the door. "Probably my awning. Look at that awning! I just repainted it except for that one little strip where there's a leak. That's what he's probably writing up."
The barber shuffles back to his post. "The government," he says, shaking his head.
About 11:00 a.m., a block from the Little Havana home where Elian spent 150 days, Antonio Albanes is performing. As street protests explode on nearby Flagler Street, Albanes stands on a platform at the base of an eight-foot-high cross, his arms splayed outward in the style of Christ's crucifixion. He wears a frayed straw hat. Tacked to the wooden crucifix is an upside-down American flag, which presumably signals the disgust Albanes says he feels over the U.S. government's actions. He speaks into a microphone attached to his shirt and hooked up to two speakers mounted on a gray Volkswagen Passat he drove to Miami from his Key Largo home. "I left behind my daughter, my son, my wife to come here," he wails. "I come to give you a message. I am just a simple man." After pausing to take a drink of water, he repeats his lament: "I left my wife...."
"This is nothing compared to L.A.," explains 45-year-old Steven Hollaeaugh. "I was living in Hollywood during the L.A. riots. The difference here is that I'm not afraid for my life." As he talks a cluster of teenagers wearing bandannas over their faces drags a Dumpster 40 feet into the middle of NW Seventeenth Avenue. They flip it over and set fire to the trash that spills out. A bare-chested man with a can of beer in one hand and a Cuban flag in the other stands nearby, loudly egging them on; a swarm of cars and trucks blocking the intersection at Flagler Street honks its approval. Passengers lean out their windows, smiling, screaming, vigorously waving more flags. No police are in sight. The mood is that of a block party.
Before the INS raid, Hollaeaugh (now a Little Havana resident) favored returning Elian to his father. After viewing vivid photos of the troops storming in, however, he changed his mind. For him Waco is no longer a far-fetched comparison, and Attorney General Janet Reno's explanations aren't convincing. "I'm part Indian," Hollaeaugh says, "so I've been lied to so many times by the government I can't believe anything they say."
Ten minutes pass before a fire engine and several police cruisers arrive. As a fireman turns a water hose on the flaming Dumpster, both the crowd and the mass of stopped cars move on. A middle-age man sidles over. "That's my Dumpster out there," he says, shaking his head, then pointing back to his nearby business. "These people are crazy. What are these fires going to help?" Of more immediate concern is who will pay for the damage. "Who's gonna drag it back?" he asks with exasperation. The suggestion that he approach the firemen for some help doesn't go over well. "I ain't saying anything to anybody," he declares. As for the Dumpster: "I'm going to have to go back and read my contract and see who's responsible in case of a riot."
Capitalism thrives amid the tear gas, tire fires, and rock throwing. At a Shell station on NW Seventeenth Avenue and Seventh Street, across from the Orange Bowl, a man who identifies himself only as Vernon unloads a stash of Elian T-shirts and flags left over from the Calle Ocho street festival in March.
He says he sold about 25 of the foot-long flags in fifteen minutes. They went for three dollars each. Many were displayed in car windows. American flags are selling too, but this is no patriotic gesture. An incensed man bought twelve Old Glories and set them ablaze on the sidewalk, Vernon reports. "They're mad," he adds while making change for a twenty-dollar bill. "They're pissed."
T-shirts displaying Elian's face sell for seven dollars. They show the rafter boy in front of the Miami skyline, holding baby Jesus. One man makes a special request. He wants a shirt with a large Cuban flag emblazoned on the front, captioned with the words "PROUD TO BE A CUBAN." On the back would be an upside-down picture of the Stars and Stripes with the words, "I'M ASHAMED TO BE AN AMERICAN."
Despite several cell-phone calls, Vernon, who is dressed in a black, long-sleeve dress shirt and black slacks, is unable to come up with the shirt. "I can't do it today," he laments. "No one can get a batch of white T-shirts. It's a holiday weekend."
Nevertheless sales are brisk. He has earned $3500 in just a few days.
At a Chevron station on Flagler Street and 27th Avenue, Eva Morejon is trying to cash in, too. "They're setting the city on fire because of this injustice," she says, staring westward. She and her business partner, who identifies himself only as Tony, are sitting on a blue Igloo cooler on the shady side of their snack truck. The neatly painted green letters on the small white jeep offer guarapo -- the juice of crushed, raw sugar cane -- but at this moment police have chased away most of their potential customers.
Morejon regards the pile of charred debris in the center of the intersection, then looks further to the west, where alternating plumes of black and white smoke gush from among a thicket of Cuban flags. "Is that just smoke or is that more [tear] gas?" she asks in Spanish. She shakes her head, brown ponytail swinging back and forth. "Muy malo," she declares.
When they stopped their refrescos truck at the Chevron this morning, the pair had no idea they would be setting up shop at the nerve center of the Miami Police Department's riot-control operation. Behind them is a Univision broadcasting truck; diagonally across the intersection, the Walgreens parking lot is filled with TV trucks, mobile transmitters lifted skyward. Cops have sealed off the area so few vehicles pass.
Morejon, a Cuban who came to Miami in 1970, thinks the police are being too rough with protesters, but understands they're just cleaning up a mess left by the federal decision to forcibly remove Elian. "Janet Reno? Es una gay," she says, throwing in some English. "She doesn't have children; how can she understand a family? And Clinton and Castro are husband and wife," she adds. When asked which is the man of the house, she laughs: "Clinton is afraid of Castro. The American government has done nothing to help us."
As they will throughout the day, the street protests ebb and flow. A couple of dozen sweating, tired-looking Miami cops, some holding riot helmets, stream by; not far behind are straggling, flag-bearing demonstrators and reporters. Morejon and Tony spring into action. Morejon serves drinks to protester and press, Anglo, black, and Hispanic alike. Tony feeds the raw cane into the guarapo machine and passes out icy cups of cane juice. Then a reporter asks for a water. "Se acabó," Morejon announces, displaying the empty Igloo. 7UP will have to do.
Some people clearly changed plans in a hurry to attend Saturday's protests. Just before police heave tear-gas grenades on Flagler Street about 1:15 p.m., a bespectacled woman is holding two Cuban flags and a sign as she approaches a line of officers. The front of the placard reads, "Pinko Government must go." In block letters on the back, she advertises "Yard Sale. Everything must go."
During the first half of the Miami Heat's playoff trouncing of the Detroit Pistons at about 1:30 p.m., a time-out is declared. A remote-controlled camera connected to the overhead video screen pans the audience. In section 101 about sixteen rows up from the backboard, three teenagers pull out a Cuban flag. The camera focuses on a kid seated just below them, then swivels its gaze elsewhere. Trying to attract the lens, the teens wave their banner, which is about four feet high by six feet long. Then a police officer with a walkie-talkie shows up. "Follow me," he commands, and the trio troops up the stairs behind the cop. Five minutes later they return, sans Cuban flag. "They can't do that," a bystander complains. "It's a freedom-of-speech issue."
Sunday is much mellower. At 5:30 a.m. at the Branch Miamian compound of the fractured Gonzalez family, exactly one day after the raid, a reporter for News Radio 610 (WIOD-AM) files a live report from an essentially dead street. "There's nothing going on here," he says, throwing coverage back to a studio braced to cover riots. At Ebenezer United Methodist Church in Allapattah, a sunrise Easter service proceeds with only one mention of the child, and then only for comic effect. The Rev. Jimmie Brown, barreling through a sermon titled "Because He Lives," runs down a list of worries that can distract people from the good news that the Lord is alive. "Some of you," he says, wrapping up the list, "might even be worried about Elian." As Brown intended the congregation chuckles. In this neighborhood libertad is no more than an afterthought.
Across town in Coral Gables, Matheson Hammock Park is so full of Sunday picnickers that families laden with blankets and baskets of fried chicken are turned away. On Miami Beach, an island more than geographically removed from the struggle, the sun radiates on the bodies crossing Ocean Drive, headed for the seaside sand. Traffic is the usual gridlock, a slow-moving stream of cars devoid of Cuban flags and yesterday's soapy slogans ("Fuck peace, let's riot!"). Finally a coupe joins the beach parade, a blue-and-red Cuban flag taped to its moving windshield wiper. The driver honks periodically, but it is hard to tell whether he is trying to generate attention or simply attempting to speed up the traffic flow.
Twenty-four hours ago on Flagler Street in Miami, a protester raised a "Free Elian" sign over his head while chanting, "Miami is burning!" By midday Sunday the only burning was that being inflicted by the sun. Miami was merely tanning.
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And on Monday, three days after the Elian abduction, the Website of News Radio 610 is a little behind the times: "Attorney General Janet Reno is getting law-enforcement input on how and when to remove six-year-old Elian Gonzalez from his family in Miami. Justice Department spokeswoman Carole Florman says Reno is still open to any proposal for a negotiated transfer of Elian Gonzalez to his father."
Contributors in order of appearance: Robert Andrew Powell, Jacob Bernstein, Brett Sokol, Jose Luis Jiménez, Ted B. Kissell, Steve Satterwhite, Dean Sebring, Robert Andrew Powell.


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hi, sorry if this is the wrong place to ask but i need to ask somewhere.
sometimes i get these short "flashbacks" where I basically feel like a completely different person in another time and I can remember everything from that life. not that i can remember it now, just that i feel like i remember everything when i'm in that state of mind. this doesn't happen often, maybe once every month or so, and it only lasts a few seconds. i usually like when it happens but i've come out of it feeling really sad/depressed as well.
when it happens i feel like i'm going crazy. am i?
all i can remember is that it felt like the early-mid 60s and i saw a lot of thick grass everywhere. and i think there was a small faded pink house... is this sort of thing normal or should i go to a doctor?
if it is normal and these are possibly memories from a past life is there a way to make them happen more often/remember more? meditate?
i'm seriously hoping i'm not going crazy.


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Diner-style burger joint Steak 'n Shake recently released three new holiday milkshakes: egg nog, white chocolate, and peppermint chocolate chip. All flavors come topped with a swirl of whipped cream and a maraschino cherry and are limited-time specials that will likely disappear shortly after the holiday season.
In the small size glass (which is the same vessel they use for ice water), these shakes don't make quite the same impression as in the beauty shot, but taste-wise, they are some pretty excellent milkshakes.
The shakes have a rich texture that is also slightly frosty. They're creamy, but not so thick that you have to stare longingly at them until they melt to a drinkable consistency. Instead, as soon as they arrive at the table, you can immediately start sipping (or dive in with the extra-long spoon).
All of the flavors start with a vanilla ice cream base and have flavor shots added in, but they don't end up being double-sweet. They're well-balanced, and taste true to their advertised flavor. The eggnog shake had an undeniably noggy flavor, but not much spice. If you're like me and drink exactly one glass of nog (cut with milk) during the holiday season, I'd make it this shake.
The white chocolate shake was the richest-tasting, and really did taste like white chocolate. It was also the sweetest of all the holiday flavors, and while initially I thought it was the tastiest of the bunch, after a few sips, it just started to taste like a sweet cream malt.
The winner of the three was the peppermint chocolate chip shake, which had a sweet minty flavor (more candy cane than peppermint) and crunchy bits of chocolate blended into it. This extra element made it taste more complex (and worth the indulgence).
All three flavors cost $2.79 for the small size pictured, but if you're there during Steak 'n Shake's twice-daily happy hour (2 to 4 p.m. and 2 to 4 a.m.), you can get a shake (or three) for half price.
About the author: Erin Jackson is a food writer and photographer who is obsessed with discovering the best eats in San Diego. You can find all of her discoveries on her food blog EJeats.com. On Twitter, she's @ErinJax


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Hello fellow Disc golfers,
I would like to Introduce Neighborhood Disc Golf, a new online retailer and brick and mortar store. We started off in August of 2012 with a store front in Rochester NY. We recently launched our website www.neighborhooddiscgolf.com
I would like to tell you a little bit about us and what set's us apart from the other companies. Also feel free to chat with us here and we would be more then happy to answer questions and see what you think of the company.
Neighborhood started off with our love to film this great sport. We specialize in creating unique and entertaining disc golf videos for you to enjoy and to promote the sport. Our goal is to film as many courses, tournaments/events, professional players, throwing techniques, and product reviews as we can. Another goal is to provide our customers with great customer service, quality products, and a good selection at competitive prices. We plan to sponsor many amateur players to support them while they become better players, but we also will sponsor pro's. As of now our team consists of four local top rated Am's in Rochester. We have started off small and hope the disc golf community will support us in completing our goals, and so that we can continue creating many more disc golf videos for the disc golf world to enjoy.
Here is one of our latest videos the Chili disc golf course. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-4TFZ_T_3M (best quality at 720p and full screened)
P.S. We have Prodigy discs in stock, but they are going quick.


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Love this painting. It's my absolute favorite, as well as my favorite artist. So glad I have it!
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Landscape Initiatives
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NRCS, along with 11 other Federal agencies, are supporting and participating in the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI). The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative is the largest investment in the Great Lakes in two decades. A task force of 11 federal agencies developed an action plan to implement the initiative. The action plan covers fiscal years 2015 through 2019 and addresses urgent issues such as cleaning up Great Lakes Areas of Concern, preventing and controlling invasive species, reducing nutrient runoff that contributes to harmful or nuisance algal blooms, and restoring habitat to protect native species. View the 2016-2017 GLRI Report for more information and successes.
NRCS is helping landowners and land users to plan and implement activities to improve and protect the natural resources in locally identified watersheds within the eight GLRI states: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.
Through GLRI, NRCS offers financial assistance to agricultural producers for implementing practices that improve water quality in selected watersheds. Financial assistance will come through the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) and will focus on reducing nutrient and sediment delivery to surface water as well as controlling invasive species and improving wildlife habitat.
The program provides payments to help implement designated conservation activities. Specified EQIP practices will be eligible for funding through GLRI. Socially disadvantaged farmers, limited resource farmers, and beginning farmers may qualify for higher program payments. Read local farmers success stories participating in GLRI.
Apply Now: EQIP Application Form and Appendix (46 KB PDF) and Spanish EQIP Application and Appendix (52 KB PDF)
GLRI Eligible Practices: Eligible Conservation Practices (48 KB PDF)
GLRI Rates: Payment Rates (30 KB Excel)
GLRI Screening Tool: Application Screening Tool (126 KB PDF)
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Alumni Success Story
How One Alum Turned a Social Spotlight on "The Invisible War"
When Megan Ackerman (SOC/BA '11), graduated from American University, she left knowing that working for something she believed in was essential. Her job as Digital Media Strategist at FitzGibbon Media allowed her to bring national attention to the documentary The Invisible War and the issue of sexual assault in the military. By playing a key role in building the film's impressively high profile for a documentary, she likely played a role in helping it receive an Oscar nomination. Ackerman was happy to have been able to work on the campaign – it's a cause she supports, and it is the kind of film she aspires to make one day – hard hitting and eye opening.
SOC Sat down with Ackerman to talk about her work with the film.
SOC: What does a digital media strategist do? What was your role in the The Invisible War project?
Ackerman: As a digital media strategist for [FitzGibbon Media], I was creating social media strategy plans for our clients and their campaigns. This involved posting articles on Facebook, tweeting relevant information and more. The Invisible War was also on Instagram, so I was taking pictures of survivors and supporters and posting them.
SOC: How did you get involved with FitzGibbon Media and the film?
Ackerman: The movie came before the company, and it all goes back to American. At AU, I met one of my best friends, Rachel. She ended up hired by FitzGibbon. The company got involved with the film, and they were looking for somebody with social media skills. Rachel knew I had them as well as a background in entertainment, and recommended me. I was then hired to work for the company.
SOC: Did you think that this documentary would be Oscar-worthy?
Ackerman: When I first saw it, I knew it needed to be nominated. I was hesitant to think it would happen because it's a heavy subject. While it's disappointing that it didn't win, the nomination gave a lot of attention to the issue that it wouldn't have otherwise gotten. It was a huge accomplishment.
SOC: What was your previous knowledge of sexual assault in the military?
Ackerman: I had a hint of the problem of military sexual assault, but I didn't realize how big it was. I didn't realize the cover-up involved, nor that men were raped as well. I personally have no attachment to military, but I know people who do.
SOC: Why is it important to expose this problem and what impact did the film have?
Ackerman: Regardless of your opinions, I feel like you should always support your fellow Americans. You have volunteers devoting their lives to fighting for our country, but these are also people that are being raped. It's deemed an occupational hazard by the Military's judicial system, and it's awful. You need to get the message out to civilians. They can stand up and say something. Congressmen need to be held accountable for making change happen.
Now there are so many members of Congress speaking out. More survivors than ever are coming out and talking about it – to their families, friends and news media. I had people contact me and say they were bringing family with them to see film because they didn't know how else to tell relatives.


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I'm 99% positive that I have genital warts on and around my penis. I waited to see if they would go away, and they haven't. Here's my problem: I do not have health coverage nor a doctor. I really want to get them treated, but I can't find costs or anything to determine if I can even afford it, which I don't think I'm going to be able to. What should I do? – Jack*
Your first step is to see a doctor to find out for sure if you have genital warts. Some cities and counties offer free clinics that provide STD testing and treatment. Just do a web search for "free STD clinics" and the name of your town or area.
Once you know for sure that you have an STD, the clinic staff will be able to advise you on treatment. Depending on the clinic, treatment may be free or discounted. Some clinics offer payment plans so you can pay over time. You also can visit the Health Insurance Marketplace to apply for government health care coverage.
Congratulations on taking responsibility for getting tested and treated. STDs are not something anyone should ignore. In the future, you'll want to use a condom every time you have sex. Although condoms might not offer complete protection from HPV (the virus can spread from genital areas not covered by a condom), they do offer some protection and reduce the risk of contracting other STDs.
*Names have been changed to protect user privacy.
Note: All information is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.
© 1995-
Images provided by iStock, Getty Images, Corbis, Veer, Science Photo Library, Science Source Images, Shutterstock, and Clipart.com


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Welcome to Muskingum University's International Programs Office
Welcome to Muskingum University's International Programs homepage! The information provided here is intended to help a variety of students - prospective students, accepted students, and students who are already here on campus. Click on any of the links to the left to discover what Muskingum University has to offer, to see what services our offices provide, and to answer many of your questions.
Muskingum University is a relatively small institution of nearly 1,700 traditional residential undergraduate students with approximately 1,500 non-traditional undergraduate and graduate students. Muskingum has an unusually rich and diverse international community, with over 75 students representing ten foreign countries. American and international students enjoy the experience of exchanging ideas, comparing values and learning from each other.
Muskingum University has been continuously accredited since 1919 by the Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools, 230 South LaSalle Street, Suite 7-500, Chicago, IL 60604, (312) 263-0456 (renewed in 2003), and is authorized by, and receives periodic reauthorization from, the Ohio Board of Regents, 30 E. Broad Street, 36th floor, Columbus, OH 43215, (614) 466-6000, to grant its degrees. The program in chemistry is approved by the American Chemical Society, 1155 Sixteenth St. N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036, (202) 872-4589. Muskingum University is fully approved for teacher education by the Ohio Department of Education, 25 South Front Street, Columbus, OH 43215, (877) 644-6338, and is accredited by the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE). Muskingum is a member of the Interstate Certification Compact which provides for comparable education certification in numerous other states including, Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey are included. Muskingum holds memberships in the American Council on Education, the Council for the Advancement and Support of Education, the Council of Independent Colleges, and the Association of Independent Colleges and Universities. Muskingum University is an accredited institutional member of the National Association of Schools of Music, 11250 Roger Bacon Drive, Suite 21, Reston, VA 20190, (703) 437-0700. The University is also a member of the Ohio Confederation of Teacher Education Organization (OCTEO).
HLC Accreditation 2012
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Our Thoughts
Entering the motocross world with the tools to be taken very seriously, the VX-R70 helmet is Scorpion's premier dirt bike offering. Scorpion has applied great quality with features that include a dual density EPS liner, a hybrid blend fiberglass shell and a titanium d-ring. From the look to the light weight to the fit, this Scorpion helmet has the quality to shakeup the dirt bike helmet order.


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The new mix from Rolf Mulder's Public Stand features The Horrorist – Take This Step (Brian Burger Remix) among some other hot tracks. This mix already got me through my Sunday morning work out.
"Simplicity Is Beauty – Operators Manual (The Exaltics Remix) (Forthcoming on The Public Stand)
Phase – Binary Opposition (Innigo Kennedy Remix) (Token)
Horn Porn – Old Sketch (Death Proof Recordings)
Toni Alvarez – Offline (Mr. Jones Remix) (Forthcoming on Monkey Recordings)
The Horrorist – Take This Step (Brian Burger Remix) (Things To Come Records)
Roy Davis Jr. ft Bear Who – Automatic Principles (Roy's Autoelectrik Speaker Killa Mix) (Rock It Science Laboratories)
Romplex & Tanz Organelle – Epicentre (Unreleased)
Joseph Anton – Epic (George Lanham Remix) (Unreleased)
All Tourettes – Mind Over Scatter (Electronic Explorations Compilation
Sunil Sharpe – Saturana (Work The Long Nights)
Mike Humhries – Cassini (Unreleased)
Ryogo Yamamori – Iesukak (Unreleased)"
For more info: thepublicstand.com


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Distorted Financial Incentives for Enforcement
Policies that attach financial incentives to drug law enforcement ensure that local police forces have a vested interest in fueling the drug war. The Byrne Justice Assistance Grant program provides federal funding to hundreds of regional anti-drug taskforces that are notorious for perpetuating racial disparities, police corruption and civil rights abuses.
Because federal funding levels are partially determined by each task force's arrest rate, law enforcement officials regularly engage in a wide range of abuses to boost their numbers. Byrne-funded task forces are at the center of numerous scandals involving falsified government records, witness tampering, fabricated evidence, false imprisonment, stolen property, large-scale racial profiling and sexual abuse.
Asset forfeiture laws also contribute to corruption in countless local communities. In many communities, police departments are allowed to keep the property they seize in drug busts. As a result, local law enforcement agencies tend to increase their focus on drug busts, often at the expense of more pressing public safety needs.
DPA has joined with other civil rights and criminal justice reform groups to demand an overhaul of the Byrne Justice Assistance Grant program that would put an end to financial incentives that prioritize drug arrest rates over effective law enforcement and public safety. While we work with Congress to eliminate wasteful drug war spending, we're also raising public awareness about the drug war's distorted priorities and encouraging our constituents to hold their local police departments accountable for corruption and excess.


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SHEPHERDSVILLE - Going out and buying an insole from the store might help with foot and ankle problems short term.
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Are you considering making your Lotus Notes client applications available to users on additional platforms? If so, you're not alone.
Whether it is in support of a changed messaging platform, in an effort to do away with ever-larger and more complicated client application software, or simply to extend the reach of their most important applications to an increasingly-mobile workforce, many clients are actively in the process of converting their Lotus Notes client applications for use from the web. Or hand-held devices. Or, in many cases, both.
Not only does converting your applications for web and mobile use make sense from an availability standpoint, doing that conversion using your existing Domino server platform makes business sense, too. Notes and, with it, Domino are terrific rapid application development platforms, ideally suited to quickly and efficiently building a broad range of applications.
In literally a fraction of the time and effort it would take to duplicate your existing applications (or even to create new ones) in one of the .NET technologies or in J2EE, with Domino you can be up and running and ready for more. Even better, Domino's flexible development tools make it possible to quickly adjust and modify your applications down the road as the needs of the business change.
Do you have an upcoming Notes conversion project you'd like to discuss? Give us
a call at 614-457-7100 x201 and see how easy it can be to move your business to the web.
Do you have a hunger to learn? Or, heck, just a hunger? Join us for a long-distance Lunch & Learn session where we'll provide not only a bite to eat but a few thoughts to chew on, too.


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5401 E Independence Blvd
Directions Charlotte, NC 28212
a Sonic Automotive ® Experience
We will buy your car, even if you don't buy from us! Click here to sell us your car, using Black Book's online tool.Get Started
Read our reviews to hear what other people are saying.
Welcome to Town & Country Ford's website, where you can browse our entire inventory of new 2016-2017 Ford vehicles and used cars at our Charlotte region dealership. Just down the road from Healthy Home Market, Fiesta Jalisco Charlotte and the Independence Shopping Center, we invite you to come visit us to test drive a vehicle, speak to one of our experts, or discuss financing options. You can also call us at (704) 536-5600. Town & Country Ford provides quality vehicles from Ford to the Charlotte area, and also to our friends in Concord, Matthews and Fort Mill. Our large selection ensures that we have a vehicle for everyone, no matter what it is you're looking for.
While you're visiting our dealership's website, take a look at our inventory of new Ford's, including the Escape, Explorer, F-150, Mustang and Expedition for the Charlotte region including Fort Mill, Concord and Matthews, North Carolina. Town & Country Ford is a leading provider of new, used and hybrid Ford cars to greater Charlotte, thanks to our quality automobiles, low prices, and superior sales staff. We encourage you to come and visit us at 5401 East Independence Blvd Charlotte, NC to view our selection in person, speak to a sales professional or take a Fiesta, Escape, Explorer, Mustang, Expedition, or F-150 in Charlotte for a test drive. Call us at 800-410-3226 if you have any questions about a new or used Ford vehicle that we can answer for you. If you're looking for a new 2016-2017 Ford in the Fort Mill area, come see us today.
For the best selection of used cars in the Charlotte area, come down to Town & Country Ford at 5401 East Independence Blvd in Charlotte, NC. We have a huge inventory of like-new vehicles ready for the Charlotte roads. Whether you're looking for a used sports car, used hybrid car, work truck, SUV, convertible, sedan, coupe or something else, the salespeople at Town & Country Ford will help you track one down.
The Town & Country Ford finance team has you covered when it comes to finding a low interest car loan in Charlotte. We work with a network of financial institutions to make our customer's dreams of owning a Ford come true. Get started right away on a car loan you can afford by completing our online finance application.
Our Charlotte Ford auto repair center, has the resources to keep your vehicle running as well as it did the day you drove it off the lot. Town & Country Ford's master certified auto repair mechanics have spent years working on Ford vehicles and will accurately diagnose your vehicle's problem. Sign up for your Ford car repair appointment right now by completing our online service appointment form. We also have a professional Charlotte auto body repair shop for your local collision repair needs.
As the proud recipient of the Ford President's Award, Town & Country Ford is proud to offer Ford auto parts to the Charlotte area so that you can maintain your vehicle on your own. Our genuine Ford car parts will keep your vehicle in top condition for many years to come. Order auto parts online, and then visit our Charlotte Ford dealership to pick up your auto parts or accessories when they arrive.
All of the employees at Town & Country Ford would like to thank you for your interest in our North Carolina car dealership. Call us anytime at, or visit us in person at 5401 East Independence Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28212. We look forward to having the opportunity to earn your business.
All incentives are based on the registered zip code from Ford Motor Company and may include FMCC Financing Rebate and/or Trade-Assist Customer Cash from Ford Motor Company. Dealer Documentation Fee is $689.00. See dealer for details.


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Essentially all House Democrats sent a letter to House Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio, stating their opposition to the $40 billion in cuts to the food stamp program being proposed by Republicans. A bill that would impose the cuts in the program is expected to be brought up for a vote in September.
House Majority Leader Eric Cantor, R-Va., says the proposal restricts eligibility to the program and installs new work requirements and restrictions that would rein in program abuse.
While the bill may get enough votes to pass in the House, there is essentially no chance that it will become law. The latest data show that 47.6 million people are receiving benefits under the food stamp program (now called SNAP).
Ag Secretary Vilsack says the U.S. will have to stop making payments to Brazil that the U.S. agreed to after the WTO ruled that our cotton programs violated world trade rules. The payments to Brazil were supposed to give U.S. lawmakers time to develop new legislation that would be consistent with world trade rules.
However, the inability of Congress to pass a new farm bill has already caused friction with the Brazilian government. But it is not clear that the farm bill proposals passed by the House and the Senate would meet the WTO objective anyway. Some experts in Brazil say the cotton program in the proposed bills would be even worse than the programs they would replace! This dispute between the U.S. and Brazil will probably get more contentious in the future and Brazil still has the option of taking retaliatory action against imports of U.S. goods.
The U.S. government deficit is 38 percent smaller than it was in fiscal 2012 through the first 10 months of fiscal 2013. Tax revenues so far total $2.287 trillion, the highest level since before the recession began. Government spending is also down modestly, due in part to the sequester cuts that went into effect early this year. The deficit is still huge, at $607 billion so far, but it will be down this year from levels of the last few years.
Other news from Washington:
- The American Petroleum Institute (API) has filed a waiver request for EPA to lower the ethanol mandate below the 10 percent of gasoline for 2014. The API says the RFS is "broken beyond repair" and must be changed. The group claims that the RFS could drive up diesel costs by 300 percent and gasoline prices by 30 percent by 2015. Ethanol industry groups contend the API is just trying to eliminate competition for their products.
- Senators Franken, D-Minn., and Grassley, R-Iowa, have introduced legislation to reverse a Supreme Court ruling which they claim makes it hard for families to reorganize their finances when they file for bankruptcy under chapter 12. The Supreme Court ruled that farmers filing under Chapter 12 had to pay taxes on the sale of assets before they could begin to pay creditors. The proposed legislation would reverse the order with payments to the IRS after creditors had been paid.
- A bill to cut EPA's funding by 38% for fiscal 2014 is hotly contested by EPA's Chief Financial Officer, who warns the budget drafted by the House Appropriations Committee for fiscal 2014 would "severely curtail" EPA's ability to protect human health and the environment. The bill would still provide EPA being worked on by the committee would provide EPA with funding of $5.5 billion, 34 percent less that the budget approved for fiscal 2013. House Appropriations Committee Chairman Hal Rogers (R-KY) says the lower funding would "right size" what he and other bill supporters consider an "overzealous" EPA. The EPA CFO counters that the bill would "turn back EPA's progress in protecting the environment by almost a quarter century."


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19 Cringeworthy Beauty DON'Ts
by Lindy Segal
Experimenting with beauty trends is part of what makes being a girl so much fun. But sometimes those looks can read more as "hot mess" than "hot." These 22 examples from the red carpet, runway, and real life deserve a spot in the DON'T hall of fame.
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