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Chicago is the third most populated city in all of the U.S., and it receives more than 40 million international and domestic visitors each year. The city has several bodies of water nearby, including the Mississippi River and the Great Lakes; the Chicago River; and the Calumet River. Chicago was the first city in the world to ever erect a ferris wheel. The city offers a robust combination of city and suburban life, with excellent sports, arts, theatre, dining, and music scenes. | Read more below »
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|Located in:
|The Windy City, Chi-Town
|Official Website
In 1885, with the creation of the first steel-framed high-rise building, Chicago ushered in the skyscraper era. Although many cities followed suit, Chicago's skyline remains one of the world's tallest and most dense. In fact, the two largest towers in the U.S. are located in the city — the former Sears Tower, now known as Willis Tower, and the Trump International Hotel and Tower. Hailed for its outdoor, public art, Chicago adopted the phrase "City in a Garden" back in the 1800s to encompass the desired feel for the city. It now has more than 552 parks, 33 beaches, museums, two world-class conservatories, 10 bird and wildlife gardens, and 16 historic lagoons. The city is also known for its contributions in pop culture, music, and sports.
Chicago influenced the musical of the same name, which is set in the city during the Prohibition-era. Chicago, the musical, opened in 1975 on Broadway, where it ran for 936 performances. It later became an Academy Award-winning film, and also returned to Broadway in 1996. The show still runs today, making it the third longest-running production in Broadway history.
Chicago Theatre
Theatre shows in Chicago, the city, rival that of NYC's own Broadway, with several "Broadway in Chicago" shows each year. The theatre scene in Chicago is currently home to more than 200 small (but critically acclaimed) theatre companies, many of which are ensemble-based. Touring productions frequently visit the city. A U.S. historical landmark, Chicago Theatre was built in 1921 and has offered film showings and traditional live theatre performances for more than 90 years.
Modern improvisational comedy got its start in Chicago, where two well-known comedy troupes, The Second City and I.O. (previously ImprovOlympic), still reign. Second City is where many comics got their start, including Joan Rivers, Fred Willard, Tina Fey, Gilda Radner, Tim Meadows, and Stephen Colbert. Amy Poehler, Seth Meyers, Chris Farley, Mo Collins, and Rachel Dratch were all part of I.O.
Ballet and opera shows have gained significant popularity in Chicago as well. The Civic Opera House is home to the Lyric Opera of Chicago; meanwhile, the Lithuanian Opera Company of Chicago performs shows in Lithuanian. Chicago Festival Ballet and The Joffrey Ballet perform classic dance in various venues throughout the city; other modern and jazz dance troupes have also gained a strong following.
Venues include: Broadway In Chicago's Ford Center for the Performing Arts Oriental Theatre; Broadway In Chicago's Bank of America Theatre; Broadway In Chicago's Cadillac Palace Theatre; Auditorium Building of Roosevelt University; Broadway In Chicago's Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place
Blues, jazz, classical, soul, and gospel music have all played a significant role in the development of Chicago's music scene. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra is hailed as one of the best orchestras in the world, and even has a diverse and multicultural component called the Chicago Sinfonietta. House music, and hip-hop, were both heavily influenced by this city. In the 1980s, punk and new wave found its place, as well as a significant rave culture, and a decade later, Chicago was home to an alternative rock scene.
When the weather turns warm, Chiago plays host to a slew of outdoor concerts. Several music festivals are held in Chicago, featuring indie rock music acts. Lollapalooza, Pitchfork Music Festival, and Grant Park Music Festival are some of the big ones. Chicago, the band, formed in the Illinois city back in 1967; the band is currently around today.
Venues include: United Center; UIC Pavilion; Soldier Field; Jay Pritzker Pavilion
Soldier Field
In 1993, 2006, and 2010, Chicago was named the "Best Sports City" in the U.S. by The Sporting News. The city boasts two MLB teams (Chicago Cubs and Chicago White Sox), an NFL team (Chicago Bears), and an NBA team, Chicago Bulls, that launched the career of Michael Jordan, arguably one of the most famous basketball players of all time. In the time Michael Jordan was part of the Bulls, the team won six NBA championships in just eight seasons.
Chicago's NHL team, the Blackhawks, have won four Stanley Cups. Of the city's five major teams, only the Chicago Cubs haven't won a recent championship. As of 2013, it's been 105 years since. Several area colleges, however, provide Chicago with some Division I conference teams, including DePaul University, Northwestern University, Chicago State University. Each year, Chicago is also host to the Chicago Marathon, one of the five World Marathon Majors.
Teams include: Chicago Cubs; Chicago White Sox; Chicago Bears; Chicago Bulls; Chicago Blackhawks; Chicago Lions; Chicago Griffins; Chicago Wolves; Chicago Fire; Chiago Rush; Chicago Red Stars; Chicago Force; Windy City Rollers; Chicago Bandits; Chicago Sky
In just the upscale shopping area along State Street and the Magnificent Mile, there are thousands of restaurants to choose from. Taste of Chicago, held annually in the summer at Grant Park, offers an eclectic selection of Chicago eats. Vegetarian cuisine has also found a place in the city; there are 22 vegetarian restaurants, and many others try to be vegetarian-friendly.
Chicago has several signature food items, too. Deep-dish pizza is believed to have originated in Chicago, although Chicago-style thin crust is also popular in the city. A Chicago-style hotdog is Vienna Beef with toppings that typically include yellow mustard, tomatoes, dill pickles, pickle relish, pickled sports peppers, a poppy seed bun, and celery salt. (No ketchup allowed!) Then there's the jibarito, a Puerto Rican-inspired sandwich made from fried plantains instead of bread; a Maxwell Street Polish, which is a deep-fried or grilled kielbasa on a hot dog roll with onions, peppers, and mustard; or the mother-in-law sandwich (a tamale with chile).
Additional Resources: For a compilation of the "best" in Chicago dining, check out Chicago Magazine's top picks. Eat at Zagat-rated Chicago Restaurants or opt instead for a comprehensive guide to all of the city's places to eat.
Perhaps "sandy beaches" isn't exactly the imagery conjured when one hears Chicago, IL. But maybe it should be.
A view of the Chicago River
The city has 33 public beaches, after all, and a Navy Pier loced east of Streeterville. Navy Pier has a ferris wheel that stands 150 feet tall and attracts 8 million people each year, in addition to its numerous stores, restaurants, and museums. The Chicago Yacht Club's Race to Mackinac kicks off at Navy Pier as well.
Art has a prominent place in the city, and there are numerous large, outdoor works, like the Chicago Picasso by Alexander Calder and Cloud Gate by Anish Kapoor. A reflective cloud sculpture can be found in Millennium Park, located inside of Grant Park, where there's also an outdoor restaurant converted into an ice rink during the winter.
An ethnically diverse city, Latino cultural attractions are predominant in Chicago as well, with a Puerto Rican Day parade, Humboldt Park's Institute of Puerto Rican Arts, and National Museum of Mexican Art. There are also aquariums, museums, zoos, and plenty of places to shop.
Additional Resources: Find a list of Chicago attractions or more information about the Chicago parks.
Chicago has larger streets than most western and east coast cities, in order to keep the city from feeling engulfed by its skyscrapers. (In fact, most residential streets have a wide patch of grass or trees between the street and the sidewalk to keep pedestrians on the sidewalk away from street traffic.)
However, many travel by mass transit rather than driving. Regional Transportation Authority manages Chicago mass transit, and options include trains, buses, taxis, boat water taxis, and bicycling. There are also two major airports, Chicago Midway International Airport and O'Hare International Airport.
Additional Resources: Mass transit info is available at RTA Chicago's website. For flight listings, visit O'Hare International or Fly Chicago.


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(Photo: Flickr User Brown Butter Beauty / Etsy Shop)
By Julia Comey
I have always been a beauty junkie and love a good body moisturizing oil. I started making my homemade body oils a few years ago and now I can't stop. I still purchase oils because I enjoy supporting beauty brands, but I love making my own oils even more.
The key to homemade oils is the type of oils for scenting. There are fragrance oils and essential oils which you must pay attention to. Essential oils cannot be applied directly to the skin, but fragrance oils can be applied directly to the skin. Also, essential oils have been known to have healing properties, while fragrance oils are for your pure beauty enjoyment. I go back and forth between both. In the study of Ayurveda, oils can aid in many ailments. When I want a perfect oil to accent my standard lotion I use sweet almond oil with 5-10 drops of honeysuckle and jasmine essential oils. This can be worn alone or with a scent. It's fun to experiment and play with all the combinations!
Aromatherapy: Recipes for Beauty, Health, and Well-Being by Victoria Edwards
Perfumes, Splashes and Colognes by Nancy M. Booth
Cobalt blue glasses size is your preference
Essential oils
Fragrance oils
Carrier oils
My favorite place online to buy oils are From Nature With Love and Aura Cacia. If I don't order online I seek out a natural health food store or Whole Foods to find what I need.
Step 1: Make sure the glass bottles are clean and that all lids fit securely. Dry the glasses completely by placing them upside in the dishwasher or counter top with a towel underneath.
Step 2: Fill the glass bottle 3/4 of the way from the top with the preferred oils. This will prevent the oils from spilling out once you put the pump inside.
Step 3: Add 5-10 drops of essential or fragrance oil. Allow the drops to penetrate the oil. Let rest for 10 minutes.
Step 4: Put the pump dispenser inside the bottle and shake to evenly distribute. Pump a small amount of the oil in your hand. From the point you can add more oils for a stronger scent if you prefer.
Step 5: Enjoy your new oil body moisturizer!
About the Author:
Julia Coney is the create of All About the Pretty, a website to devoted to all things beautiful. Julia's philosophy is that beauty is a lifestyle and not just a product.

subset: commoncrawl


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Overstock.com has THE best selection and price on modern lighting fixtures!
I purchased this one for the eating area and this one for the sewing studio.... go ahead, try to find decent pendants at a big box store.
I think your bedroom color will look so nice with your quilt!! Even if it is a little dark, it will look great b/c your quilt is mainly light with the darker green in it. I think the wall color will make your quilt stand out so nice! I wouldn't go lighter at all on the walls!
Bedrooms are nice in a darker color, because you want a cozy intimate feel. It will look awesome with your quilt! You could do a nice neutral on your living room walls so the curtains stand out more. Even a nice modern gray would be awesome! No Christmas sewing for me this year... I'm nauseas and growing a little person ;)
It will all look great when you have it all put together. My bedroom is a dark red. I picked it and stuck with it but got scared until all the furniture was in. With your eye for color it will be awesome.
Thank you for the tip about overstock dot com. I loved looking at your house photo's. It looks a lot like ours inside (before photo's). At least you have closets. This old house doesn't even have that. We are going to work on the laundry area next. Then finally after four years - maybe, just maybe we'll get to the kitchen. Master bedroom has to still wait... I want a kitchen. LOL


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We've lived here 20 years. built the house but never really liked our design and heavens knows, we've NEVER liked any colors we've picked out for the interior.
We went to Porter Paints and hired their consultant....$50 and that is applied to the paint we buy. The consultant came out last week and advised us on color combinations. My wife, never trusting anything, finally broke down and bought sampler quarts of the colors. To say the least, we are flabbergasted. We really like what he consultant said. $10 a gallon off and the $50 refund on the consultant Plus $350, we now have our paint for the Living Room, dining room, kitchen, entry way, front hall, our bedroom, and bath. The wife paints, I load the brushes, fill the trays, and move the tarps and furniture.
Today: I have never really liked my fireplace hearth I built or the tile I finished the FP with. I just spent about 2 hrs tearing out the old hearth and tile surround. I am going to replace the old with a new stained wood hearth with Pennsylvania blue slate for the surface. THe slate is in three 1 1/4" pieces which will be arrainged with genuine fossils (brachiopods etc) from southern Indiana. The new fireplace face I haven't decided on but it will come together. New carpet is also being ordered and then we will get the furniture we have been wanting for about 15 years.
Some of this is fun...but I am sweating like a pig at a weiner roast.


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What do you guys think about this trade. I'm sure it can't be completed until Danny comes back, but I know that it would be financially approved by league rules.
Lakers Get- David West, DJ Augustine
Bucks Get - Danny Granger
I know it seems like a steal for the Pacers, but the Lakers are looking to rid themselves of Paus contract and find a PF who is more comfortable playing away from the basket. And Monte has an out in his contract after this season, so the Bucks are looking at it as an expiring anyway.
Adding Pau to our frontcourt would be awesome. And with George's surge. It might be a good time to make a HUGE move! A line-up of: Hill, Ellis, George, Gasol and Hibbert is VERY GOOD


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" Brand: Cadbury's / Type: Yoghurts "
On a recent trip to my local Asda store I spotted the range of Cadburys individual pot desserts on special offer and as I am quite partial to desserts I decided to try one. Although there are various different dessert in this range that are based on the different Cadburys chocolate bars I opted to purchase the fudge one.
This dessert comprises of a milk chocolate dessert with milk chocolate coated fudge pieces. As stated I purchased my fudge dessert from Asda where they were on special offer at £0.50 each. I have spotted these desserts before and have been eager to try them but have been reluctant to purchase them at full price as they are rather expensive for an individual dessert and usual retail for around £0.70 each.
The fudge dessert came in a plastic pot which is the signature Cadburys purple colour with a plastic peel able orange and purple lid with Cadburys logo on and picture of a spoonful of the dessert. The plastic pot is split into two sections the larger one which contains the milk chocolate dessert and the smaller one which contains the chocolate covered fudge pieces. On the lid and the side of the pot you can find all the information that you need to know about the dessert including nutritional information, ingredients listings and storage instructions.
Obviously with this being a chocolate dessert and containing chocolate fudge pieces it is not the healthiest dessert option but is nice for a treat as part of a balanced diet. Although the pots contain 90g the nutritional information per 100g which contains the following:
240 calories
4.1g protein
28.5g carbohydrate
12.4g fat
The lid is really easy to remove from the pot with it having a little tab at the corner which you fold back and pull. This reveals the creamy looking chocolate dessert and the fudge pieces. I was a little disappointed that there did not seem to be many fudge pieces with them only making up 16% of the dessert but I suppose they are just to act as a topping to the dessert. The milk chocolate dessert was thinner in consistency than I expected it to be and had more of a yogurt like consistency. But overall I was pleasantly surprise the dessert section was very smooth and silky in texture and had a lovely creamy chocolate taste. I actually tipped the fudge pieces into the dessert and they worked perfectly with it giving a nice additional chocolaty, chewy contrast in texture to the dessert.
Overall I think these are great little desserts to have as a treat every so often, I do think they are little overpriced when not on offer so I would certainly recommend looking out for offers on this fudge dessert and others in the range.
Whilst doing a weekly shop today in Morrisons I decided to look at the desserts and came across these as part of an offer which was 3 for £1 which I thought was a decent offer. As well as the Fudge variety I also bought one of the Wispa ones. There are quite a few different Cadbury's desserts already available, including Flake and Crunchie and I had eaten these before and decided to try them again so why not try the others again too?. I'm sure you are all aware of the little Fudge chocolate bars which are one of the smaller chocolate bars on the market and a kids favourite for many years. These normally retail for around 45p and contain 90grams.
As you peel off the lid you get the lovely smell of the creamy Cadbury's chocolate which looks like a very smooth mousse. What you get mixed in with the chocolate is of course the fudge pieces just like the combination which is contained in the bar. The taste of the fudge pieces and chocolate brings you back to the small chocolate treats of your childhood. I'm sure there will be times when you prefer to have the chocolate bar but this is also a tasty fudge treat which will appeal to people of all ages due to it's appealing taste. Although this dessert is quite rich it's certainly not that rich and it's fine for a regular dessert as part of a balanced diet.
Whilst the taste is not as mouth wateringly good as some more expensive and luxurious desserts it does a decent job at a cheap and easy pudding and an after school snack. I feel it also benefits from being a cheaper option than many other desserts which will counteract the unhealthy aspect compared to a Muller light or Shape Yoghurt for instance. I have tasted better puddings than this that's for sure but for the price and size they are available at it's certainly not such a bad choice for people who like chocolate and fudge and like reminiscent chocolate treats from their childhood. As these are available individually why not pick up one next time you do your main shop.
Probably the most delicious fudge yogurt I have ever had in my life given the circumstances and difficulty I had in obtaining one,the texture of the fudge just ooozed down my throat while the sumptuous flavour of the yogurt just left me with a lovely tingly feeling all the way through my body.Would I recommend the yogurts? ...most def without fail.Lewis Reid
I am very keen on desserts, whether I am buying them or making them myself, and love trying out new varieties. I was rather impressed the day I decided to try out the new Cadbury Fudge dessert.
It is packaged in a delightful purple tub with 2 sections. On the one side is the delicious chocolate dessert and on the other you find chocolate-coated fudge pieces. This handy little tub also has a 'hinged' section that allows you to bend it in half to easily tip the fudge pieces into the chocolate dessert.
The consistency of the dessert is reasonably thick. If you like Cadbury's chocolate you will love the dessert, as it is deliciously creamy. Cadbury fudge is very sweet and the size of the tub is perfect. I often use the dessert as a topping for vanilla ice-cream, or it can be eaten on its own.
As with all desserts it is not good for the waistline: 240 calories per 100g with 12.4g fat content (the packaging doesn't specify saturated fat content).
A 90g tub of Cadbury Fudge will cost £0.64.
Cadburys Fudge Twin Pot is a new version in the ever increasing list of products also available in dessert form by Cadburys.
The dessert is provided in a purple pot which can be snapped in two so that you can lift up the section containing the 15-20 small pieces of fudge and these are easy enough to mix these in to the thick chocolate yoghurt by just bending the smaller, Fudge containing, section of the pot. This is the standard for these Cadburys products and the only difference between them all is the label on the top of the pot which shows some of the chocolate yoghurt on a spoon with a few small pieces of chocolate covered fudge on the top.
The taste of the yoghurt is delicious, it's very chocolately and has that distinctive Cadburys flavour to it. The fudge pieces are several different sizes from a couple of millimetres up to a centimetre or so and these are lovely, just like the original Fudge chocolate bar. The fudge is nice and chewy and perfect for sinking my teeth in to and these are even more delicious as the Fudge pieces have been chilled when stored in the fridge. When you mix the Fudge pieces with the yoghurt it's not unlikely to find that most of the fudge has ended up clumped together in the bottom of the pot but I don't mind as I LOVE fudge, oh yes, and the Cadbury's yoghurt.
This yoghurt had a sell by date of around 2-3 weeks but that didn't matter as it's gone now and I'm going to try a different one next time! Yum.
Each 90g pot contains 225 calories and 11g of fat so these should be enjoyed in moderation.
These are around 64-67p in the big four supermarkets and there is usually some variation of a special offer as 5 for £3.00 or 4 for £2.50 so it's worth keeping your eyes peeled but remember a saving of just 18p over four pots (based on Sainsburys 67p each and 4 for £2.50) isn't actually much of a saving if these are just being brought because of the offer and not because you don't mind eating an unhealthy yoghurt each lunchtime!
I am going to rate this one 5/5, I have been a little disappointed in the past when there has not been made of the chocolate based 'side portion' but this was not the case with this yoghurt as there was an ample amount of Fudge and I was surprised that there was actually 18 pieces with only 2 being minute and the rest being reasonably bite sized pieces. I am going to purchase this again but not before I have sampled some of the other ones in the range!
I am a huge fan of cadburys confectionary products, in my opinion nothign else really comes close. They are the market leader in most brands that they try. Cadburys dairy milk has a fantastic taste and Cadburys seem to be able to wave that magic wand over everything they do. I was really glad to find out that this flake yoghurt was no exception!
The yoghurt comes packaged in a purple plastic tub (traditional Cadburys colours) with a foil peel off lid which keeps the yoghurt fresh. I am not sure how much of the packaging is recyclable though. The lid has pictures of swirly gold colouring, the fudge logo and the cadburys logo. It has a picture of the yoghurt and the topping you expect to get with it, which I have to say does look very tantilising.
You can peel the lid off easily to reveal two pots which make up the contents of the yoghurt. One is slightly smaller than the other and that contains what I call the topping. In this case this is small fudge pieces, the same tasty pieces you get in a Cadbury's fudge chocolate bar. The larger pot is a creamy golden yoghurt. Normally with these Cadburys twin pot yoghurts this bit is a chocolate desert. This is roughly the same, just with a creamy fudge taste instead with a golden colour. It looks very sickly, and to be honest it is, but it is gorgeous. It is creamy and thick. The two toppings go together fantastically, and taste great. The texture also compliments each other magnificently.
The only downside to this yoghurt is that you do not get enough!!
This cadbury's youghurt is perfect after a hard's day work and you have just come home and you are trying to decide between a lovely chocolate bar or a healthy piece of fruit. But here in the fridge you see a new product. Hmm. What is it? Is it purple with orange pieces on it? It is new and it is a cadbury's fudge youghurt. It tastes like heaven in a pot! One great advantage? It is healthier than having an actual standard fudge chocolat bar!! Everyones happy. Although most people would choose fruity youghurts i have to say the fudge one is well worth a try. It can come in a single pack for people who jsut want to taste it or in packs of 4 along with other cadbury's youghurt such as the buttons one which is also good but not as great as the fudge one which i would give ten out of ten. It is really good!


text: Pay raise clash may set tone for House By Lawrence Messina February 24, 2013 Story Share CHARLESTON, W.Va. -- At least some Republicans in West Virginia's House of Delegates believe their failed bid to block proposed magistrate court pay raises, and similar partisan clashes that are expected as the session continues, will pay off in the next election.The GOP's net 11-seat gain in November, increasing their ranks to 46 of 100 delegates, proved insufficient when the House voted 53-45 Wednesday to pass the pay bill to the Senate. With two Democrats absent, three Republicans broke ranks to support the measure while two Democrats opposed it.A similarly narrow vote spoiled a Monday attempt by Republicans to derail the bill through a parliamentary procedure. With the session not even two weeks old, the pair of pitched battles over this measure may set the session's tempo for the divided House."Is this the way this session is going to be, all year?" House Majority Whip Mike Caputo asked in a floor speech blasting Republicans over Monday's unsuccessful gambit. The Marion County Democrat also said that he had never before seen that parliamentary motion attempted in his 17 years in the Legislature.But that tone may work fine for Republicans seeking to add to their recent gains in 2014, and perhaps erase the Democrats' majority after 82 years.Delegate Larry Faircloth emailed fellow GOP lawmakers ahead of Wednesday's vote to tout a game plan with an eye to the next election. A copy of the email was forwarded to The Associated Press. The Berkeley County freshman wrote that party allies had sent a press release to more than 40,000 state voters, to spur them to warn bill supporters that they would vote for their opponents in two years if they helped pass the bill.Faircloth referred to the online campaign as an Internet "sniper attack" in his email."[It's] used to reach a point anonymously and efficiently without getting [one's] hands dirty," the email said. House officials Friday said they were unaware of an unusual volume of emails or phone calls to Democratic lawmakers before the vote. Asked about his email, Faircloth estimated that he fielded about 30 such contacts."I assured them that I was against it," Faircloth said Thursday. "I've heard through constituents in conversation that many others received emails and phone calls as well."Party-line fights aren't new for the House. Starting with the 2006 session, GOP delegates have repeatedly sought to force measures idling in committees toward votes on passage through parliamentary procedures. Topics of these discharge motions have included abortion, gay marriage and taxes. House Republicans lacked the numbers to prevail in any of these attempts -- but they then became fodder for election attack ads.The GOP has targeted the magistrate pay bill as ill-timed, given a lean budget picture that led to recent cuts totaling $75 million. The House Republicans also have declared jobs the top priority of their agenda this session. During Wednesday's debate, they questioned how hiking the pay of elected officials and public employees helps the nearly 60,000 West Virginians seeking work.Democrats argued that such talk amounted to grandstanding. They also cited several pending GOP-sponsored bills that would increase the budget, and recent requests from Republican delegates for special funding for district projects."This has nothing to do with unemployment. We can't change that by this bill whether we pass it or not," said House Judiciary Chairman Tim Miley, D-Harrison. "What concerns me the most is you want to vote against things that occur in other people's counties while you have your hand out for your own county."While not a major session topic, raising magistrate court pay has been a recurring issue in recent years after the 2010 Census showed population declines in a handful of the 55 counties. As pay is linked to population, the resulting drop in court salaries has spurred a push to equalize all pay -- at the high end of the current scale. The state Supreme Court estimates the increased pay and benefits would cost $737,000, but also says it already has the needed money. The five justices have endorsed the bill, and Chief Justice Brent Benjamin -- a Republican -- is scheduled to discuss the court's budget before the Senate Finance Committee on Wednesday. Story Share Story Share Trending Now 1 Deer in 8 WV counties found dead from EHD 2 New company planning $73M synthetic fuel plant in Greenbrier County 3 WVU law professor announces run for Congress 4 YWCA Charleston's Women of Achievement to be honored in March 5 St. Albans rallies to beat Riverside, 21-17 Kansas city's tap water No. 1 in W.Va. taste contest Previous Story April trial set in W.Va. racetrack embezzlement case Next Story


text: Facility search In 'Facilities' Facility searchFunds and awardsHeroesOur impactOur researchPartners and collaboratorsResearchResearch activitySupporting research Browse A to Z ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Search for:Search M - Personal and family papers archive DescriptionPersonal and family papers archive from the Cadbury Research Library. Macromolecular X-Ray Diffraction Facility - School of Biosciences DescriptionThe School of Biosciences features a new, state-of-the-art X-ray diffraction facility for proteins. The facility includes a new-generation microfocus rotating anode generator and a CCD chip-based area detector for rapid data acquisition. Protein crystallisation, largely a trial-and-error process, is often hampered by the scarcity of pure protein. With the aid of a liquid handling robot, capable of dispensing nano-litre volumes, the number of potential growth conditions can be vastly extended, enhancing the chance of success and rendering possible the crystallisation of difficult proteins or protein complexes. Magna Carta: Law, Liberty, Legacy DescriptionExhibition displaying the Magna Carta Magnificent Mini Beasts DescriptionPart of the Museums Summer Holidays offer. MALDI - Mass spectrometry - Centre for Chemical and Material Analysis DescriptionMaldi is an ionisation technique used for medium to large molecules such as peptides, proteins, and some organo- metallic compounds. Manuscripts DescriptionInformation on the Special Collections manuscript collections Map collections - Lapworth Museum of Geology - University of Birmingham Maps and plans DescriptionInformation on how to read maps and plans Marvelous Minerals DescriptionPart of the Museums Summer Holidays offer. Mason College resource guide (PDF - 731KB) Displaying 1 to 10 of 73 Previous 1 2 3 4 5 … Next


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HOUSTON - Hurricane Sandy will be leaving the Bahamas today and will begin a northeast track parallel to the southeast U.S. coast through Sunday. Heavy surf and beach erosion will continue to plague the coast from Florida through the Outer Banks of North Carolina. It's what Sandy is expected to do after passing Cape Hatteras that has our attention!
I have the forecast track from 5 a.m. overlaid on a satellite picture (above). It shows Sandy taking an unprecedented turn back to the northwest Sunday night or Monday morning, bringing it inland over the mid Atlantic region as a hurricane on Tuesday. The dashed circle represents an area of much warmer than normal ocean water in the Gulf Stream. As Sandy crosses this area it will get added energy and it is this factor that has forecasters thinking Sandy could still be at least partially tropical upon reaching the coast. The other key player in this scenario is a winter type storm system moving through the western and central U.S. the next two days. The merging of this feature and Sandy Monday and Tuesday is why we are anticipating a potentially historic storm event for most of the Northeast next week.
Coastal impacts are potentially devastating, impacting almost all the coastline from Virginia to New England. This storm is large, slow moving, and heading into, rather than parallel, the coast...highly unusual for storms on the east coast. As such there will be several days of elevated tides and high waves, resulting in severe beach erosion and potentially record setting coastal flooding. Aggravating the coastal flooding will be the timing of this event with full moon, which results in higher than normal high tides to begin with.
The huge area of tropical storm force winds points to large area power outages due to downed trees. As the storm will be getting more energy from the merging winter storm, these strong winds could also extend far inland. If this isn't enough, consider a large slow moving storm producing very heavy rain and flooding at the same time the cold air entering from the west causing heavy snow in the Appalachians. We've got the ingredients for an unprecedented storm impacting a population area of 50,000,000 people. Exactly where, when, and how bad Sandy will hit the Northeast remains to be determined as we get closer to the event. Stay tuned!Animated Hurricane Map
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Hurricane Information:
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Airline and Airport Links:
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Copyright 2012 by Click2Houston.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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ALAMEDA — The death of a man whose body was found along the Alameda shoreline on Wednesday morning is being investigated as a suicide, according to police.
His body was found around 10 a.m. at Robert W. Crown Memorial State Beach near where Westline and Shore Line Drives meet by a man walking on a path, according to Alameda police Lt. Ted Horlbeck.
The man who has died has been identified, but the man's name has not been released, Horlbeck said Thursday.
He was described as Asian and between 20 and 30 years old, and was found fully clothed with no signs of trauma, Horlbeck said.
It is believed that the man had been in the water for about six hours, Horlbeck said.
Copyright © 2013 by Bay City News, Inc. … Republication, re-transmission or reuse without the express written consent of Bay City News, Inc. is prohibited.


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See related story: Commerce Department kills U.S./Mexico tomato agreement.
While some Mexican interests held out hope for preserving a suspension agreement between Mexican tomato growers and the U.S., they also said rocking the trade boat could have severe consequences.
A day after the Commerce Department announced a preliminary decision to end the agreement, Mexican tomato interests met Sept. 28 with officials from the department to discuss renegotiating the agreement, said Robert LaRussa, lawyer with Shearman & Sterling, Washington, D.C., the counsel for Mexican tomato growers.
"This supposed to be a 270-day process, and we expect a 270-day process," he said. "If they rush it, there can't be any other reason to rush it except for political reasons," he said.
The meeting was cordial, said Eric Viramontes, director general and chief executive officer of AMHPAC, the Mexican association of protected horticulture, Culiacan, Sinaloa.
"We are concerned about the preliminary outcome, but we did have our meeting with Commerce and we were able to talk about our proposal and it was well taken," he said.
Mexican interests also warned of potentially severe trade repercussions if the suspension agreement falls away.
Ricardo Alday, spokesman for the Embassy of Mexico in the U.S., said it seems the decision is "dictated by politics rather sound policy."
"If our interests end up being impacted we will respond, and there is plenty of evidences of how we can respond if you take a look at the trucking dispute we had with the U.S. for a number of years," he said. "That might serve as an example of a line of action we might take if it comes to that."
In 2009, Mexico enacted tariffs of 10% to 45% on grapes, pears, onions, apricots, cherries, strawberries, dates and head lettuce as a result of a cross-border trucking dispute. The tariffs have since been lifted with the resumption of the pilot trucking program.
LaRussa said if the Commerce Department lifts the suspension agreement, U.S. tomato interests would likely file an anti-dumping case days after.
"Their whole goal in this process is to get a higher degree of protection and to do it in a political year, so that's what they are doing," he said.
If the Commerce Department levies anti-dumping duties again, that would have an immediate chilling effect on importers, LaRussa said, because preliminary duties can be set initially at one level but later be raised retroactively by the Commerce Department.


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One Walden Galleria
1594 E. Bentley Dr.
10550 John W. Elliott Dr
99 Caven Point Road
4175 South Arville
7350 Prairie Falcon Rd
40 Daniel Street
41810 McAlby Court
36th & May Ave
1 Miracle Mile Drive
8800 Watson Road
9090 Destiny USA Drive
For the best go karts Frisco TX has to offer, check out our calendar of monthly events to find out what's being planned. From track openings to public events like our adult racing leagues, the best Dallas area go karts are at Pole Position Raceway.
Our track will be closed to the public during this event.
Wed 6:00pm-9:00pm
Thu 3:00pm-5:00pm
Mon 12:00pm-2:00pm
Tue 5:30pm-8:30pm


text: I have a beautiful pair of calfskin Lucchese's that I like wearing for those mix of casual / dressy nights. They can add some spice to an ensemble as long as they're subtle. Plus, if you're a shorter guy, they'll add some inches with the larger heels. Obviously some people hate them, but I like wearing mine. Sometimes makes for a good conversation piece too.


text:
Moderators: Timko, Fritz, Solty, Booter, Blake_T, Frank Delicious
discspeed wrote: Overall it was unquestionably longer and more effortless than the FB without losing any of the FB's advantages. It seemed slightly shorter than the Z Pred, but definitely more wind resistant and true flying.
discspeed wrote:The only shot I didn't really get to test with it because of the wind were thumbers. I love throwing thumbers and if it doesn't perform that would be the only thing that could possibly keep it from replacing my FBs completely. I also don't really want it to break in, but the plastic and mold feel very durable, so I'm not anticipating that. The overall shape of the disc reminds me of a longer winged Xtra. Now its looking like I'm going to have 4 manufacturers in my bag.
I've had Firebirds in my bag longer than any other molds and I'm afraid this would give them the boot!
adamschneider wrote:I'd still like to know how the underside of a XXX compares to a Firebird and a Predator, shape-wise. I find the bottom of the rim on a Firebird to be much more "comfortable" in the hand (less sharp?) than a Predator, which is why I prefer it for overhead shots.
Spike wrote:Of those three, Triple X has the smoothest underside of the rim. Much smoother than Pred and slightly more than Firebird. Very comfortable grip.
LumberJack wrote:I throw a lot of skip shots. In fact, other than throwing a putter, skipping a pred is my next best shot. And IMO no other disc on the planet skips like a Z Predator(not that I'm experienced with every disc on the planet...lol). Did you skip the xXx? When I threw Firebirds, 12x variety, they were about 15-20' shorter than my Pred on the same line. How much shorter are we talking than a Pred? A seasoned Z Pred is sneaky long. I know... I should just go buy one and find out for myself because that is the only way I'll really know. It's supposed to snow tomorrow... it's Boooolshist! And we just found out that they're not going to plow our park at all this year and keep the gate locked... more Booolshist! Anyway... xXx is gonna get a ride in my bag snow or not.
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Castro looking forward to starting camp healthy
Castro, who married college sweetheart Maris Perlman in November and took a honeymoon to South Africa, said Friday he finally believes his knee problems are in the past. He expects to begin camp as healthy as ever and is eager to build on last year's strong finish.
"This is the best I've felt even before I had my first surgery," said Castro, who missed all of 2011 after tearing his right ACL during Spring Training that year. "I'm really happy with how that's gone, and I'm just looking forward to getting down to Florida."
The Astros eased Castro back into action last year with 257 at-bats. He got off to a slow start at the plate and responded to hit .281 with six home runs and 21 RBIs in his final 61 games, hitting four homers in the final seven games of the season.
"I made a few steps and I learned a lot from last year," he said. "Just from getting to play more than I had in a while and from a physical standpoint, I kind of know what I need to do with my body and how to take care of myself and everything.
"I'm really happy with where I'm at. I had kind of gotten used to not feeling good and that kind of became normal. I'm really excited about how I feel and what 100 percent actually feels like. I'm going to take that into spring and try to build on that."


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Bertie County Peanuts
Looking for North Carolina gift ideas? Bertie County Peanuts has everything you need. From small stocking stuffers to extravagant gifts, we have something for everyone on your list. With over 20 peanut flavors, cashews, pecans, cheese straws and snack mixes, you simply can't go wrong. And just in time for the holidays, check out our new Smoky Sans Souci Peanuts. Visit us on the Web at www.pnuts.net or drop by our warehouse store in Windsor. This holiday season give the gift of "peanut perfection." Bertie County Peanuts. Always local. Always fresh.
Bertie County Peanuts
217 US 13 North
Windsor, NC 27983
(252) 794-2909
(800) 457-0005


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In light of mass shootings in Connecticut and Colorado, what obligation, if any, does the television industry have to tone down the violent, blood-soaked images it peddles to millions of Americans every day?
That question provoked plenty of spirited conversation at the recent Television Critics Association press tour, during which top network and cable executives found themselves in the awkward position of defending their programs and dismissing any connection between on-screen violence and the real thing.
"I'm not a psychologist, but I'm not sure you can make the leap that a show about serial killers has caused the sort of problems with violence in our country," NBC Entertainment chairman Robert Greenblatt said. "There are many, many other factors, from mental illness to guns."
Greenblatt was the head of programming at Showtime when the premium pay cable channel developed "Dexter," a drama pegged to a vigilante serial killer that became a big hit and paved the way for darker prime-time material. Now at NBC, he is overseeing the development of "Hannibal," a show based on one of fiction's most notorious serial killers, Hannibal Lecter. A premiere date hasn't been scheduled, but it could air this spring or summer.
Greenblatt told journalists that there will be "a lot of violence around ('Hannibal'), but you don't see lots of acts of violence."
Meanwhile, earlier this week, Fox premiered "The Following," a highly touted — and often grisly — drama starring Kevin Bacon as an FBI agent who is on the hunt for a group of serial killers. Coming in February on The CW is "Cult," a show-within-a-show that focuses on a Charles Manson-like madman; in March, A&E debuts "Bates Motel," a drama that introduces viewers to a younger version of Norman Bates, the knife-wielding killer made famous by Alfred Hitchcock's "Psycho."
In the same week that programmers addressed the media, Vice President Joe Biden met with entertainment industry leaders as part of President Barack Obama's post-Newtown promise to examine cultural factors that may be contributing to rampant gun violence. TV executives are on the hot seat because, although their medium may not be as violent as some video games and films, its influence is so pervasive. Some studies have estimated that the average American watches more than four hours of TV a day.
Among the shows coming under heavy scrutiny lately is "The Following," which is exceptionally intense and gruesome for broadcast TV. Monday's opening episode contained a scene in which a woman stabbed herself in the eye with an ice pick. That was in addition to a bloody prison massacre and the abduction of a young boy. In next week's episode, a man is set on fire at a street-side coffee stand.
Still, Fox Entertainment chief Kevin Reilly staunchly defends the drama.
"I'm putting on an excellent thriller. I'm not glorifying killers," he said. "Part of what we do on television is provide escapism. It comes in many forms. It could be laughter. It could be fantasy. It also could be your worst nightmare come to life."
Kevin Williamson, the executive producer who created "The Following," admits that the show is not for the "faint of heart," but added that what happens in the "real world" finds its way into his work.
"We're all traumatized" by what happened in Newtown, said Williamson, who explained that the 1999 killings at Columbine High School, in part, prompted him to explore the minds of young killers.
"I'm sort of shining the light on some of those kids." he said.
The executive who spent the most time reflecting on the subject of pop-cultural violence was FX chief John Landgraf, who oversees such explicitly violent basic-cable shows as "Sons of Anarchy" and "American Horror Story." He spoke of his reluctance to allow his three sons to play video games in which the player wields a gun, and he called for more studies to be conducted on possible links between on-screen mayhem and real-life violence.
But Landgraf, like some of his peers, also moved to deflect blame away from his industry. He pointed to the fact that the gun-related death rate in Britain is a fraction of that in the United States, despite the fact that both countries consume much of the same entertainment.
"'The Walking Dead' is the No. 1 cable show in England.' 'Sons of Anarchy' is very popular in England. Last time I checked, James Bond kills an awful lot of people with a gun. … The major difference is the access (to) and availability of guns and a particular kind of gun," he said.
While the TV executives all insisted that they were shaken by last year's tragedies and pledged an increased awareness and sensitivity, it remains to be seen if actual changes will follow. Just hours after ABC Entertainment boss Paul Lee asserted that the network's shows fall under stronger standards and feature no "gratuitous action," the ABC drama "Scandal" contained a waterboarding scene.
And there's no denying that death and mayhem often pump up the profit margin in Hollywood. To wit: The stylish period drama "Mad Men" may collect loads of prestigious awards for AMC, but the cable network's biggest hit, by far, is "The Walking Dead," a horrror-and-gore fest that has become the No. 1 show among 18-to-49-year-olds, television's most coveted demographic.
Meanwhile, on the broadcast side, CBS continues to rule the ratings, thanks in large part to a lineup packed with dark crime procedurals such as "CSI" and "Criminal Minds." The latter show was singled out by NBC's Greenblatt, who in fine finger-pointing fashion, described it as "worse than 'Dexter' ever was."
Nina Tassler, the entertainment chief responsible for CBS' high body-count lineup, dismisses that criticism, pointing out that while heinous acts often occur in those shows, the perpetrators always meet their doom.
"At the end of the day, justice is served, the good guys prevail, and the bad guy goes to jail," she said. "That is the paradigm of our shows."
Read Chuck Barney's TV blog at http://blogs.mercurynews.com/aei/category/tv, and follow him at Twitter.com/chuckbarney.


text:
Honeywell Scanning and Mobility SPARE REWIND UNIT RIBBON 6" (1-040199-01)Item#: 40222211 | Model#: 1-040199-01
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text:
M&M, that spells MMmmm… (Eat to the Beat)
…MMmmm that's the sound that you make when you eat 'em. When I die, bury me in M&Ms!
Ok hubby had never heard the M&M song before but I was singing it all afternoon when I made these little guys. I picked up some Halloween M&Ms and a bag of pretzels on my way home. I had some leftover candy melts from the cupcake bites I made earlier this month.
I'm so glad that I realized *duh* that I could use those for these little treats. In the Midwest you can find almond bark at any grocery store. Usually, that's what I use and I spoon it onto the pretzels. But after making the cupcake bites, it just dawned on me that the white Wilton candy melts would also work. And it's a lot less messy to use the squeeze bottle instead of a spoon.
I still say this is a two-man job. It can be done by yourself but it's just easier to have 4 hands on the job rather than two. Luckily, Hubby loves these things and enjoys making them with me.
Easy M&M Treats (by ME!)
1 1-lb bag of mini-pretzels
2 big bag of M&Ms
2 packages of Almond Bark or 2 bags of Wilton candy melts (white)
Line 2 cookie sheets with waxed paper. Lie pretzels (flat side down) on the waxed paper. They can be very close to each other.
Melt almond bark/candy melts according to the directions on the package. Using a spoon, scoop some of the melted almond bark into the holes of the pretzels OR using a squeeze bottle, squeeze melted candy into holes of pretzels.
Before it starts to set, put 3 M&Ms into the holes. This is where it helps to have an extra set of hands. Usually I pour the melted almond bark while Hubby puts the M&Ms in.
When the sheet is full, put it in the freezer or outside to let the almond candy is set. I like to store mine in the freezer as well.
I'm submitting this to Elly's Eat to the Beat since I couldn't stop singing the whole night I made them (and the next day when I typed up this post)!
2 Responses to "M&M, that spells MMmmm… (Eat to the Beat)"
Yum! My coworker used to make something very similar to these and I would chow down on them 🙂 Thanks for participating!
Yum! When no one is around, I dip pretzels into the Nutella jar my husband keeps in the pantry. These sound like they would be just up my alley! What a fun idea too – will have to try these with the kids sometime.


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Exploring the texts and the words in their Pali version is a completely different experience compared to merely reading an english translation, because one is enabled to make the link between the different contexts in which a particular word appears, which gives it a much deeper meaning that no conventional translation will ever be able to convey.
The advantages of this new formula are that
1° you get translations of the suttas of unprecedented precision
2° you learn Pali by yourself when you want to, in a meaningful context
3° you choose the content of what you learn
4° you choose the depth to which you want to dig the meaning of a term, an expression or a sutta.
This depth will increase as the website develops.
You can start on the two newly published pages (don't miss the bubbles and the glossary!):
Pali formula for Indriya Saṃvara:
First sutta with this new concept:
http://www.suttapitaka.net/sutta/angutt ... 5-241.html
They are s far the only pages of that precise kind on the website, but they will very soon be followed by many


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Staff at Basildon Hospital are being pressed to think of ways to save cash, as bosses revealed they are paying staff more than they can afford.
The move comes as it was revealed the hospital has a £9million deficit, which finance chiefs say is "unsustainable".
The issue of paying temporary staff inflated wages has once again been brought sharply back into focus.
Bosses admit unless things turn around at the hospital, which is already in special measures, they risk even further sanctions.
The hospital would not reveal to the Echo what was involved in its huge savings plan, but insisted patient services will not be affected.
Chief executive Clare Panniker said: "Staff from across the hospital will be asked to identify ways in which they can still provide high quality care which costs less and will improve standards for patients.
"In 2014/15, continuing work to improve care while ensuring the trust doesn't spend more than it earns is our top priority.
"As part of this commitment, the trust is launching a new cost-improvement programme to deliver a £17million saving – 6 per cent of its annual turnover."
In the past year, the Echo has uncovered:
- The hospital is currently working with a £9million deficit – compared to a surplus of just £981,000 in March 2013
- A botched savings programme designed to make £19million savings in 2013/14, only acheived £10million
- Fortnightly emergency meetings have been called to quell the escalating cost of temporary staff, with the hospital still paying £2million in February and March on agency staff despite a well-publicised drive for permanent positions
- Government health watchdog Monitor has dropped its Financial Risk Rating from three to two – meaning it could look at the hospital much more closely.
The trust admits it is currently paying staff more than it can afford, but wages are set nationally by the NHS, meaning savings will most likely have to come from elsewhere.
Each clinical department has had at least one business review to see where cash can be saved.
Staff will be sent on procurement training courses so they comply with tighter regulations when buying and ordering.
Over the past year, the hospital went from having £35million in the bank to £20.6million, with the trust insisting this went on improving standards after the Keogh Review, which placed the hospital in special measures.
Health watchdog could keep close eye on hospital
A health watchdog will now keep a closer eye on the hospital's dealings after its perilous financial position was revealed.
The hospital is ranked at number two out of four in Monitor's Financial Risk Rating, meaning it could request monthly update reports as the year progresses.
The hospital insists Monitor is fully aware of the hospital's finances and is happy for the trust to continue into 2014/15 with a planned deficit.
However, bosses admit if things don't improve they run the risk of Monitor stepping in.
The hospital has stressed the trust's financial ranking is nothing to do with the special measures put on the hospital, because that is in regard to standards of care and governance at the trust.
Monitor is employed as a watchdog to Foundation Trusts, meaning that they have harsher criteria to fulfil.
AN MP has said the hospital must balance its books – and improve standards fast.
Basildon Hospital claims much of its financial position owes to making investments into better care for patients following its dive into special measures.
MP: Hospital must shore up its finances
Stephen Metcalfe (above, far left), Tory MP for South Basildon and East Thurrock, said he hopes to meet with Trust bosses to talk about the situation, but he still has confidence in the hospital's management.
He said: "I know some costs have increased because of extra beds and nurses, and patient care has improved which is welcomed, but they have to balance their books.
"They have to balance their books to continue this programme of improvement but I don't want to see any services cut or reduced.
"Hopefully they will be able to find the 6 per cent saving from better procedures."


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WOONSOCKET, R.I. — In an effort to reward loyal shoppers, CVS/pharmacy has created a new promotion that allows members of its ExtraCare Rewards program to earn multiple free gift cards by shopping for essentials at more than 7,200 locations nationwide.
The new promotion began Oct.16 and will run through Dec. 25. Members of CVS/pharmacy's ExtraCare Rewards program can earn $10 gift cards to Macy's, Gap, Applebee's, Shell Stations, American Express, Barnes & Noble or CVS/pharmacy every week by spending $30 on specially marked items found in the weekly CVS/pharmacy circular.
Customers can find the qualifying products on the front and back pages each week in the CVS/pharmacy circular beginning Oct. 16, which are accessible in-store, online and on Facebook. All qualifying products will be marked as part of the "Earn Free Gift Cards" promotion to make them easily identifiable. Eligible products will range from health and beauty items, to groceries and snacks, household needs, toys and electronics. Products included in the promotion will change each week.
Once ExtraCare customers reach the $30 required purchase threshold in the weeklong period, a special coupon will print on their receipt that can be redeemed immediately in-store for a $10 gift card. If customers prefer to wait to redeem their coupon they have up to 30 days to do so. Shoppers also will have the opportunity to take advantage of the deal every week, with new products in the weekly circular. However, there is no carry-over balance to the next week, since the specially marked products may change. Customers also will be able to earn up to five gift cards per week by making the qualifying $30 purchases (one $10 gift card is earned for each qualifying $30 purchase). There is a limit of five redemptions per week for each ExtraCare member.


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Insulin Resistance in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case Control Study
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- How to Read a Study Record
|Insulin Resistance Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Observational Model: Case-Control
Time Perspective: Cross-Sectional
|Official Title:
|Insulin Resistance in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case Control Study
- Measure Insulin Resistance (IR) and clearance its effects on lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress using intravenous glucose tolerance testing in patients with NAFLD as compared to matched controls. [ Time Frame: 36 months ]
- Determine if IR is associated with altered parameters of lipid metabolism as compared to matched controls [ Time Frame: 36 months ]
- Measure the differential effects of IR and lipid metabolism on peripheral mononuclear cell (PBMC) inflammatory response and the associated hepatocyte mitochondrial ultrastructure and measures of oxidative stress. [ Time Frame: 36 Months ]
Biospecimen Retention: Samples With DNA
|Study Start Date:
|July 2007
|Study Completion Date:
|April 13, 2017
|Primary Completion Date:
|March 29, 2013 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
Subjects with NAFLD
Subjects without liver disease
Subjects with non-steatotic hepatitis
Detailed Description:
Purpose of the study:
To date, no case control study evaluating insulin resistance (IR) in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) has been published. We hypothesize that IR is characteristic of NAFLD as compared to age, gender, non-diabetic BMI-matched control subjects, both healthy and those with non-cirrhotic, non-steatotic liver disease. The following aims test this central hypothesis:
Specific Aim 1: Measure IR and insulin clearance using intravenous glucose tolerance testing and Bergman's Minimal Modeling in patients with NAFLD as compared to matched controls (healthy and those with non-steatotic hepatitis). This aim tests the postulate that IR is necessary for the development of hepatic steatosis as compared to healthy (non-steatotic livers). It will also test the postulate that IR is not present as a confounding factor (impaired hepatic clearance) in NAFLD as compared to those with non-steatotic forms of hepatitis.
Specific Aim 2: Determine if IR is associated with altered parameters of lipid metabolism as compared to matched controls. This aim addresses whether IR (if present) is associated with abnormal lipid parameters in NAFLD or can be observed irrespective of the presence of hepatic steatosis.
Specific Aim 3: Measure the differential effects of IR and lipid metabolism on peripheral mononuclear cell (PBMC) inflammatory response and the associated hepatocyte mitochondrial ultrastructure and measures of oxidative stress. Since increased oxidative stress and bioenergetic failure have been associated with hepatic steatosis, this aim will address whether IR and/or steatosis results in impaired inflammatory response and increased oxidative stress as compared to controls. Changes in innate immune response will be determined by measuring inflammatory indices thought to correlate with obesity, IR, and/or chronic hepatitis: 1) interleukins (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18) 2) C-reactive protein, 3) TNF-a and TGF-B 4) IFN-A & IFN-g, and 5) adiponectin. Changes in oxidative stress will be determined by measuring key indices of oxidative stress and damage. These include, a) reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG); oxidation/reduction status), b) malondialdehyde (MDA;lipid peroxidation), c) nitrotyrosine (NO damage), and d) 8OHdG and 8OHG (DNA damage).
Background and significance:
Obesity, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and coronary heart disease constitute a phenotype common to individuals with either the IR syndrome or NAFLD1-12. Furthermore, the hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis characteristic of NAFLD are also frequent histologic findings in patients with IR 3-7. Together, these data beg the question whether NAFLD and IR are causally associated. Support for this notion derives from recent observations that IR may be a strong, independent predictor of NAFLD, even in the absence of glucose intolerance 13. Moreover, since NAFLD has been reported to occur in lean subjects (BMI greater than 25) with normoglycemia 14, 15, it is reasonable to postulate that NAFLD may be an early manifestation and a consequence of IR. Increased oxidative stress is an important pathogenic mechanism of obesity-associated metabolic syndrome 16. Fat accumulation correlated with systemic oxidative stress in humans and mice. However, increase oxidative stress as an instigator of the metabolic syndrome in patients with NAFLD as compared to controls has not yet been investigated. Furthermore, impaired cytokine medicated inflammatory response has been shown to correlate with body mass index across the broad range of obesity and may mediate hepatic steatosis and/or lead to mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes 17, 18. Discerning whether NAFLD is attributable to increased oxidative stress and/or abnormalities in innate immune response would be imperative in identifying potentially useful therapeutic targets for obesity-associated liver disease.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|18 Years to 75 Years (Adult, Senior)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
|Sampling Method:
|Non-Probability Sample
Inclusion Criteria:
- Biochemical and liver histologic features to confirm the presence of a healthy liver, fatty liver, and/or non-fatty liver with inflammation due to another etiology besides NAFLD.
Exclusion Criteria:
- > 20 grams of alcohol/day
- Impaired oral glucose tolerance test
- Clinical or histologic evidence of cirrhosis (stage 5-6 fibrosis) or portal hypertension.
- Chronic hepatitis C infection
- Known diabetes mellitus or need for insulin-sensitizing agents and/or insulin therapy.
- Pregnancy
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00637520
|United States, North Carolina
|Duke University Medical Center
|Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27710
|Principal Investigator:
|Manal F Abdelmalek, MD., MPH
|Faculty Member
|Responsible Party:
|Duke University
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT00637520 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
NIH K23 Award
8592 ( Other Identifier: Duke legacy protocol number )
|Study First Received:
|March 12, 2008
|Last Updated:
|July 10, 2017
Keywords provided by Duke University:
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Insulin Resistance
Lipid Metabolism
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Insulin Resistance
Liver Diseases
Fatty Liver
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Glucose Metabolism Disorders
Metabolic Diseases
Digestive System Diseases
Hypoglycemic Agents
Physiological Effects of Drugs
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 25, 2017


text:
A POP star, footballers and cricketers dropped into a school to inspire schoolboys to achieve more.
Scott Robinson from 5ive was joined by up-and-coming Southend United players and Essex county cricketers at the Basildon Upper Academy.
The event saw Scott, cricketers Nick Browne and Tom Craddock, and Blues players Jack Bridge and Ted Smith – an England youth international – speak about their lives and what could be achieved.
It follows a successful inspirational women's event in January, when Samantha Cameron, Clare Balding and Miriam Clegg spoke to girls at the school.
Scott, from Pitsea, was a pupil at the former Chalvedon School, which became the Basildon Academies in a merger with Barstable School.
He said: "I wasn't the most academic boywhen I was there. I used to get chucked out of class for dancing on the tables because I always wanted to be a singer.
"I have been telling the boys that's something I would have liked to have changed.
"The main point is they can achieve anything and they can learn from everyone."
Jack Bridge, 18, advised the boys to stay in school for as long as possible.
He said: "I knowwe are in football, but anything can happen, like a serious injury, which would mean we are out of action.
"We did our A-levels thanks to Southend United, so we have something to fall back on if something goes wrong."
Students were grateful for the chat, with Charlie Pritchard, 15, saying it had made him realise how much hard work went into making a career for yourself. He said: "I wanted to be an architect, but decided not to bother because it seemed like too much hard work. Now I think I could do it."
Rhys Dopson, 16, took inspiration from speaking to an economist who also visited the school and once worked with Boris Johnson.
He said: "I wanted to be an economist before this, but I really want to do it now.
"I haven't got a dream, but money motivates me and hearing about his Aston Martin impressed me."
Bev Bell, executive headteacher, said: "For some of our boys, going into London is a big adventure.
"We reallywant to show them they can be anything they want."


text:
a bit of color
I've been really liking colored glass lately, like here and here.
Yesterday I picked up this little pink vase from Ikea and it's just the right amount of transparent color. I also have my eye on this colored set!
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Rays shut out in Gold Glove voting
All four Rays infielders were nominated were nominated for Gold Glove awards, but none won.
1B James Loney lost out to Kansas City's Eric Hosmer.
2B Ben Zobrist lost out to Boston's Dustin Pedrioa.
SS Yunel Escobar lost out to Baltimore's JJ Hardy.
3B Evan Longoria lost out to Baltimore's Manny Machado.
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Vehicles burglarized, one stolen
Feb. 20, 7 a.m. and 7:46 a.m., 2200 block of Homestead Court: A total of seven vehicles belonging to residents of a nearby apartment complex had windows smashed in and various items stolen. Thieves took golf clubs, vehicle emergency kits, garage remotes and duffel bags, among other items, from the vehicles. One vehicle was stolen from the complex. Suspects abandoned a vehicle, previously reported stolen from San Jose, at the scene.
Stolen vehicle
Feb. 21, 7:42 a.m., 5300 block of Beechwood Lane: After starting a Chevy Silverado to warm it up, the owner went back into the house. When she returned, an unknown suspect had driven the car away.
Petty theft
Feb. 22, 2:14 p.m., 4800 block of El Camino Real: A 65-year-old male with prior incidents of petty theft was arrested at Whole Foods Market for stealing $3 worth of alcohol. The shoplifter was booked into the Santa Clara County Main Jail.
Residential burglary
Feb. 21, 1:47 p.m., 400 block of Traverso Avenue: An unknown individual entered through a front window, ransacked the home and stole jewelry and electronics.
Restraining order violation
Feb. 24, 2:48 p.m., 900 block of San Antonio Road: A male subject was arrested after violating his restraining order by sending an inappropriate photo to his ex-wife.
– Diego Abeloos


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It's difficult to assess how well an offensive line is playing. You can't look at the number of touchdowns they scored, receptions they grabbed, passes they completed, tackles they made or interceptions they picked.
Judging the effectiveness of an offensive line is more art than science, seeing how five men play together in tandem, individuals working toward a common goal.
Indeed, analyzing an offensive line is probably more qualitative than quantitative. But of the few measuring sticks available, the Packers offensive line would appear to be having its best performance in years, perhaps in the Mike McCarthy era.
Sacks are down. Rushing yards are up. And the play of the offensive line is a major factor why the Packers offense is ranked No. 3 in the NFL, racking up an average of 417.4 yards per game despite the injuries that have plagued the team.
The offense has been without big-time playmakers Aaron Rodgers, Randall Cobb and Jermichael Finley for long stretches this season, but maybe most impressive for the offensive line, they've been getting the job done without Bryan Bulaga.
The former first round draft choice tore his ACL in training camp during a year he was supposed to protect Rodgers' backside, making the switch to left tackle.
When the injury occurred, the situation seemed dire. The Packers would have to get by minus the player they built their offensive line around.
But rookie David Bakhtiari stepped up and there's been no looking back. The fourth round draft pick has played ahead of his years and provided a steadying influence in the trenches this season.
Sure, Bakhtiari has made typical rookie miscues, such as his failure to cut block Michael Johnson of the Cincinnati Bengals in an early-season loss. But the early results indicate the Packers left tackle is a battler and the type of player who learns from his mistakes.
Before Rodgers got injured, the attention in Green Bay was how well the running game was going, reaching heights not seen since the days of Ahman Green under Mike Sherman.
The Packers have had four games in 2013 with at least 180 rushing yards, which ranks No. 2 in the NFL. They have an average of 4.7 yards per rush, which ranks No. 4 in the NFL. And they gain an average of 134.3 yards per game that ranks sixth in the league.
No doubt about it, the addition of rookie running back Eddie Lacy has been a huge reason for the revamped and rejuvenated running game in Green Bay. But it's also been the emphasis of the coaching staff to change what's been largely a stagnant rushing attack during McCarthy's tenure.
In the last two games that Rodgers has not started, however, opposing teams have geared up against the run, stuffing the box with extra defenders. Because of this, the Packers haven't exceeded 100 rushing yards against either the Eagles or the Giants.
With the running game unable to find traction, the pass protection has elevated its level of play, trying to assist Scott Tolzien as much as possible.
It's as if the offensive line has recognized they need to give an inexperienced quarterback every advantage possible. Scott Tolzien is never going to be Aaron Rodgers, but by giving him time to operate, the Packers will have a better chance to experience success.
In this past Sunday's loss to the Giants, the Packers didn't allow a single sack for the first time since Week 4 of last season. Combined with the one sack allowed the previous game against the Eagles, it's the lowest two-game sack total allowed since the Super Bowl season of 2010 in Weeks 2 and 3.
Credit also goes to the running backs and the tight ends who chip in on pass protection, and the quarterbacks for getting rid of the football, but it's clear the offensive line has been trending upward since the beginning of the year.
After giving up 10 sacks in the first three games of the season, the Packers were tied for sixth-most in the NFL. Since that time, they've allowed 13 sacks in the past seven games, and their average of 1.86 sacks per game over that span ranks No. 5 in the NFL.
Keep in mind, this is a unit that ranked dead last in the league, No. 32, under McCarthy with an astronomical 73 sacks allowed in 2009. Things weren't much better last season, ranking No. 31 with 51 sacks given up.
But with 23 sacks allowed this season, the Packers are making progress, tied for No. 9 in the NFL in that category.
In addition to Bakhtiari, Josh Sitton and T.J. Lang join forces to make arguably the best pair of guards in the NFL and another big reason for an improved offensive line performance this season.
According to ProFootballFocus.com, Sitton ranks third in the league in their rating system in 2013 while Lang ranks 12th, combining for the highest rated guard duo in the NFL.
Center Evan Dietrich-Smith has been solid in his own right, capably filling the shoes of Scott Wells and Jeff Saturday after their departures the past two seasons. Dietrich-Smith ranks 11th among centers, per ProFootballFocus.com.
Set to become a free agent at season's end, Dietrich-Smith may have inserted himself into the conversation of players most-deserving of the next contract extension from the Packers, joining Sam Shields, B.J. Raji and James Jones.
Don Barclay may be the weak link, but he's proving to be better than Marshall Newhouse, who's been inserted into the lineup the past few weeks due to injury. But at least Newhouse is a veteran that knows the Packers offense. Changes don't need to be made just because he enters the game.
Taken together, it's the best Green Bay offensive line since at least the last Super Bowl season and probably before that.
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— More than a decade before former Penn State coach Jerry Sandusky was charged with more than 50 counts of child sex abuse, a psychologist warned university police that his actions fit that of a "likely pedophile's pattern."
The finding by State College, Pa., psychologist Dr. Alycia A. Chambers, the therapist for one of Sandusky's alleged victims, was contained in the internal Penn State files of a 1998 police investigation of the former coach for showering and bear hugging her client and another young boy in the school's athletic locker room.
NBC News has obtained the complete file on the investigation – the police report and assessments by two psychologists who interviewed the boys -- which provides new details about Sandusky's behavior. It also could raise fresh questions about how school and local authorities handled his case.
"There was very little doubt in my mind (Sandusky) … was a male predator, someone that was in the process of grooming a young man for abuse ," said Chambers, speaking publicly for the first time, with the permission of her client's family, in an interview with NBC News. "I thought…my report was strong enough to suggest that this was somebody who should be watched."
Chambers' detailed report is potentially significant because it was the first clear warning about the former Penn State coach's actions – nearly four years before a then-graduate assistant, Mike McQueary, reported to the late Coach Joe Paterno and other top school officials that he had found Sandusky in the Penn State showers one evening with another young boy, engaged in what he viewed as sexual contact. (Paterno testified last year he was unaware of the 1998 investigation and Gary Schultz, the former Penn State vice president who oversaw the school police, testified that he never reviewed the details of the case. A Penn State spokesman declined comment, citing pending investigations.)
In her interview with NBC News, Chambers described her anguish when she was contacted by police last year and learned that authorities were again investigating Sandusky for allegedly molesting multiple other boys, 13 years after she first raised her concerns.
"I was horrified to know that there were so many other innocent boys who had their hearts and minds confused, their bodies violated," said Chambers. "It's unspeakable."
Joe Amendola, Sandusky's lawyer, said he hasn't seen Chambers' report, but that her conclusions will be disputed by other psychologists who will be called by the defense. "I understand that there are some people who could look at this behavior and say it's a pedophile problem. But there are others who will say, 'This is somebody who loves kids and loves to be around them' … It's the old story, you get your expert and I'll get my expert." Sandusky has pleaded not guilty to all charges.
But one of the investigators on the 1998 case, Jerry Lauro, then with the state Department of Public Welfare and now retired, told NBC News he was never shown a copy of Chambers' report and was stunned to learn of its conclusions.
"Wow!" he said when he was read Chambers' conclusions by a NBC News correspondent. "This is the first I've heard of this. I had no idea . If I would have seen the report, I would certainly have done some things differently. Boy, this is a shock. "
Chambers was the psychologist for a then-11- year-old boy, who had met Sandusky through his Second Mile charity for troubled children and was later invited by the defensive coordinator to several Penn State football games. The boy is now known as Victim 6—one of 10 allegedly molested by Sandusky and one of the key figures in the criminal case against him slated to go to trial this spring. Amendola this week asked a judge to drop Victim 6 from the case on the grounds that his anticipated testimony "will not establish that any sexual contact took place."
The police file provides a fuller picture than has been previously made public about Sandusky's interactions with the boy as well as the transcripts of two tense confrontations between Sandusky and the boy's mother.
Chambers was called by the boy's mother at 7:43 a.m. on May 4, 1998. The boy had returned home the night before, his hair wet, after spending two hours with Sandusky at the Penn State athletic room.
After meeting with her client in her office and talking to his mother, Chambers described in her written report how Sandusky had coaxed the boy into the shower after a workout, telling him, "All the guys do." He then moved closer to him, squeezing him tightly from behind while they were both naked. The boy also told Chambers how, during their workout, Sandusky had kissed him on the forehead and told him, 'I love you." He also invited the boy back to his house to "sit on his lap" and go "online" on his "cool computer," the boy's mother told Chambers, recounting her conversation with her son the previous night.
"My consultants agree that the incidents meet all of our definitions, based on experience and education, of a likely pedophile's pattern of building trust and gradual introduction of physical touch, within a context of a 'loving,' 'special' relationship," Chambers wrote in her report.
"One colleague, who has contact with the Second Mile, confirms that Mr. Sandusky is reasonably intelligent and thus, could hardly have failed to understand the way his behavior would be interpreted, if known," Chambers continued. "His position at the Second Mile and his interest in abused boys would suggest that he was likely to have had knowledge with regard to child abuse and might even recognize this behavior as a typical pedophile 'overture.'"
Chambers gave her report to Penn State police Officer Ronald Schreffler on May 7, 1998, along with a cover letter that highlighted "the gravity of the incidents." Chambers had also reported the incident to the Pennsylvania "suspected child abuse" hotline, where officials wrote up their own report identifying Sandusky as the "AP" or "Alleged Perpetrator." Lauro, an investigator who specialized in abuse cases, was assigned to work the case with Schreffler.
Investigators brought in a second psychologist, John Seasock, who had worked with the local Centre County Child and Youth Services, a local agency that had licensed Sandusky as a foster parent. After meeting with the boy for an hour, Seasock concluded that no sexual offense had taken place nor was there "grooming" or "inappropriate sexual behavior" by Sandusky.
"All the interactions reported by (the boy) can be typically defined as normal between a healthy adult and a young adolescent male," Seasock wrote in his report.
Lawyer: Report helps defense
Amendola, Sandusky's lawyer, has said that he hopes to use Seasock's report in his client's defense. But the police files show that Seasock conducted his interview of the boy "cold," without reviewing Chambers' report or prior transcripts of interviews with the boy and that he failed to elicit some key details, such as Sandusky kissing the boy and telling him, "I love you."
Seasock acknowledged to police there were some "gray areas" and that investigators "can't walk away from the investigation." But he also appeared to dismiss most of the concerns that had been raised about Sandusky in an interview with investigators.
"SEASOCK said that he hasn't heard of a 52-year-old becoming a pedophile," the police report states. "SEASOCK said that SANDUSKY didn't fit the profile of a pedophile." (Asked by police if it was "possible" that a man that age could become a pedophile, he replied it was "possible.")
Seasock did not return phone calls from NBC News seeking comment. Schreffler also declined comment, saying only, "The report speaks for itself."
The Penn State police file shows that investigators continued to pursue the case under the supervision of the late Ray Gricar, then the local district attorney. According to the police report, they interviewed a second boy – a friend of Victim 6 — who also described being "uncomfortable" when Sandusky hugged him in the Penn State showers.
In the days following Chambers' interview with the boy, the mother became concerned because Sandusky was continuing to call her son at his apartment, coming by the back of the family's apartment with rear sliding doors and even showing up at a ball field where her son had Little League practice.
As Sandusky continued to try to contact the boy, the police hid in the bedroom of the family's apartment and monitored two confrontations between the mother and Sandusky.
On the afternoon of May 13, 1998, Sandusky knocked on the door of the family home, looking for the boy. The mother greeted him instead, telling him ever since her son had seen him the previous week, "he's been acting different. He won't talk and he's been having nightmares."
When Sandusky asked to talk to her son, the mother replied: "I don't want you calling here for (her son.) I need to think about this. Let me call you if it's OK to pick (her son) up.
"Maybe I worked him too hard," Sandusky replied.
"Did something happen?" the boy's mother asked.
"I don't think so," replied Sandusky.
On May 19, police arranged to monitor a second meeting that turned even more tense and resulted in Sandusky having "tears in his eyes," according to the mother's account to investigators.
The mother: "Did your private parts touch (the boy) when you bear hugged him?
Sandusky: "I don't think so. … Maybe."
The mother: "Have you ever done this with other boys?"
Sandusky: "Yes."
The mother recounted how "you told him you loved him and kissed him on the head." Sandusky replied that the boy "told me he loved me, so I told him the same thing."
The mother said her son had looked at Sandusky "as a hero, a father figure, he is really confused."
Sandusky then pressed to talk to the boy again, but the mother told him that would not be a "good idea."
"I don't want you going to (his) ball games."
"I understand," Sandusky replied. "I was wrong. I wish I could get forgiveness. I know I won't get it from you. I wish I were dead."
Just a week and a half later, the two lead investigators —Schreffler and Lauro—interviewed Sandusky at his office at the Penn State athletic building. He acknowledged that he hugged the boy in the shower "but that there wasn't anything sexual about it." He also said that he had showered with other boys and "realized he used poor judgment in what he did."
"As a result of the investigation, it could not be determined that a sexual assault occurred and Sandusky was advised of such, "the police report reads. One of the investigators then "advised SANDUSKY not to shower with any child. SANDUSKY stated that he wouldn't."
"CASE CLOSED," the file reads.
There are no reasons given in the report for why Gricar ultimately chose not to prosecute Sandusky based on the 1998 investigation. (In a case that remains open, Gricar disappeared in 2005 and is now presumed dead. Investigators say there is no indication his disappearance relates to Sandusky.)
In an in an interview with NBC News, the boy's mother described telling her son that night that no charges would be brought against Sandusky.
Her son, she said, was "confused."
"I don't understand, Mommy," she said he replied. "I'm just a little kid. I knew what he did was wrong. Why didn't he (know it was wrong)?"
Sandusky retired from Penn State the following year — to spend more time working with Second Mile, he said. But he was made a "professor emeritus" and maintained keys to the Penn State locker room, where he continued to take young boys to the showers. In a telephone interview Friday, Amendola was asked why Sandusky still showered with young boys after 1998 when police had told him not to —and he told them he wouldn't.
"He viewed that more as an admonition, not an order," Amendola said. "He didn't think there was anything wrong with it." Amendola added that Sandusky "never thought that the situation in '98 was a big deal. He never looked at as that serious."
"It's very disturbing," said Walter Cohen, a former Pennsylvania attorney general in the mid-1990's, who reviewed parts of the Penn State police file, including Chambers' report, at NBC News request. "It never should have been ignored. Never."
As a former secretary of public welfare in the 1980s, Cohen had set up a statewide "child-line" registry of suspected child abusers that could serve as a central data base for school officials and others working with children to conduct background checks on prospective employees. Even if there were no criminal charges brought, Cohen said, there was more than enough evidence to have placed Sandusky on the statewide registry.
"Jerry Sandusky should have been on the watch list," he said. "But instead, the case was closed."


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The question, "How long can Lindy Ruff last as coach of the Buffalo Sabres?" has an answer.
Ruff was fired on Wednesday. He was in his 16th season at the helm of a job he took over in 1997. Amazingly, there were 170 NHL coaching changes in between, according to Sportsnet's Chris Johnston.
— FROM CAMP: Sabres offer Miller wrong protection
Ruff led the Sabres to the Stanley Cup finals in 1999 and coached two other Eastern Conference finalists, but hadn't advanced in the postseason since 2007.
Taking over on an interim basis is Ron Rolston, who has coached the AHL's Rochester Americans for the last two seasons. He has experience molding young players—paging Mikhail Grigorenko—and will have the chance to win the job on a permanent basis.
The 2013 season so far has been a total disaster for the Sabres. They're 6-10-1 overall and called a players-only meeting after Tuesday's 2-1 loss to the Winnipeg Jets. Not all of that is Ruff's fault—the team is seriously short on depth at center, and big-ticket players like Tyler Myers and Ville Leino haven't come close to reaching expectations. But facts are facts: Ruff's teams have missed the playoffs in three of the past five seasons, and the current roster was underachieving.
"I'm disappointed for myself. I'm disappointed for Lindy. I'm disappointed for the players," GM Darcy Regier said. "We should all be disappointed."
The timing was somewhat surprising, given Ruff's tenure and public support from Regier. It still had an air of inevitability to it, though, especially considering the reaction to Tuesday's loss. Fans in Buffalo booed the Sabres, Ruff himself said that the necessary effort wasn't there, and Regier referred to the game as a "tipping point," with the decision coming on Wednesday morning.
Several players said the same, though Regier maintained that Ruff didn't lose the locker room and that communication wasn't an issue.
"We're not playing the caliber of hockey this city deserves, so yeah, we deserve to get booed – from the top down, every player," goaltender Ryan Miller told reporters after Tuesday's game. "People, they just want you to work hard. They just want you to give them something to cheer about. We've been letting them down."
The next logical question: What does the move mean for Regier? He and Ruff have long been a package deal, with Regier as the guiding hand behind the current $65 million mess of a roster.
Owner Terry Pegula extended both men after OK'ing the disastrous spending spree of 2011, which resulted in $27 million and six seasons for Leino (17 points last season), $40 million over 10 years for Christian Ehrhoff and, later, an extension that paid Tyler Myers $12 million this year. Myers, a 6-8, 23-year-old defenseman, was a healthy scratch on Feb. 9 and has otherwise deeply struggled.
There are talented pieces, like Miller, Grigorenko, Ehrhoff and center Cody Hodgson, but right now, that talent isn't shining through.
Regier deflected questions about his future and said the decision to fire Ruff was his, with input from Pegula and president Ted Black. He added that he believed that team was better than what it has showed.
"I think there's a lot of unknowns with our team right now," Regier said.
Still, Wednesday was about Ruff. He played for the team from 1979-89, then as coach amassed a 562-452-84 record with 78 ties. Most of those wins, second only to Al Arbour of the Islanders among coaches of a single team, came during ownership turmoil.
"His qualities have made this decision very difficult. I personally want Lindy to know that he can consider me a friend always," Pegula said in a released statement.
Rangers goalie Martin Biron, who played with the Sabres from 2000-07, told Sporting News' Jesse Spector that the memories he had of Buffalo and Ruff were "special," though he was eventually benched for Miller before leaving as a free agent.
"You could tell, especially those years that we had some good teams, that he was an intense guy, and his fire, his intensity, was passed through to the guys. It was just a great partnership there."
Biron said that Ruff's success was no surprise and that he enjoyed Ruff's "very dry" sense of humor, but alluded to the inevitability of it all.
"It doesn't matter if you're an intense guy, a serious guy, a funny guy, or what, it's always going to go well when the team is having success, and it's always going to be taken in a negative light when the team is not," Biron said. "That's just a fact of life, basically."
The sport's longest tenured coach is now Barry Trotz, who has been with the Nashville Predators since their inception in 1998. Among North America's four major pro sports, Ruff's tenure was second only behind Gregg Popovich, who's been coach of the NBA's San Antonio Spurs since 1996.


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After six weeks of inactivity, Luebke playing catch
SAN DIEGO -- Pitcher Cory Luebke, who had reconstructive surgery on his left elbow last May, has been playing catch for the last week.
This is a far cry from where Luebke has been, as he was shut down from playing catch for six weeks this spring because of soreness.
"We're happy with it now. … I'm happy with it," Luebke said Tuesday.
The six weeks of inactivity might not actually change Luebke's timeline for returning to pitching for the Padres -- mostly because there's no exact timeline for pitchers coming off Tommy John surgery. Some take a year, some take 14, 16 months.
Luebke doesn't seem concerned about it and has vowed that he will pitch for the Padres this season. He started playing catch from 60 feet on April 1 and has advanced to 75 feet.
Luebke will continue that throwing program until he advances to the point where the team is comfortable with him doing more and can send him on a Minor League rehabilitation assignment.
Corey Brock is a reporter for MLB.com. Keep track of @FollowThePadres on Twitter. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.