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Canon EF 50mm f/1.4 USM
7 Days
Retail: $399.00$26.00
No Damage Waiver
You are liable for any damage or loss to the rental equipment.
GearGuard Damage Waiver
Protects you from liability due to unintentional damage, after paying a deductible.
Theft and water damage not covered.
Theft and water damage not covered.
They say that every photographer should get used to shooting with a 50mm lens, especially when they are just starting out. And, as 50mm lenses go, the EF 50mm f/1.4 USM is one of those lens rentals you'll definitely fall in love with. The mid-range offering in this focal length, the 50 f/1.4 boasts a super-wide aperture and a fast, silent, and accurate autofocus motor that's much better than its more modest 50 f/1.8 cousin. While not as substantial in build as its much larger 50 f/1.2L sibling (that one is one of Canon's 'L' lenses, after all), it's much more solid-feeling than the f/1.8 and the autofocus is far more silent and quick. On a crop-sensor body such as the Canon EOS 7D or Canon T2i, this lens becomes an 80mm f/1.4, making it an excellent choice for portrait photography on that format.Review
- • Front Cap
- • Rear Cap
- • 58mm UV Filter
There are no notes for this product.Review
- • Focal Length: 50mm
- • Max Aperture: f/1.4
- • Minimum Focusing Distance: 18"
- • Angle of View: 46 degrees
- • Focusing capabilities: MF/AF
- • Filter size: 58mm
- • Mount: EF
- • Length: 2.0"
- • Weight: 0.64 lbs
There is no manual for this product.


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How do I read a Material Safety Data Sheet?
What items or formats are required on an MSDS?
It depends where you live. Each country has their own rules and regulations. For non-U.S. countries, see the International section of this FAQ.
For the United States, see our entry on OSHA in the MSDS HyperGlossary for the items that must be included on all U.S. MSDS's. You can include more items than OSHA requires. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has a 16-part standard format which encompasses the areas given in the OSHA standard and adds a few more such as toxicology. In fact, OSHA now recommends using the ANSI format!
What do these terms or abbreviations on my MSDS mean?
Simply visit our searchable MSDS HyperGlossary with explanations of hundreds of terms. Or, copy and paste your sheet into our MS-Demystifier and it will create a hyperlink entry for every term it recognizes in your MSDS!
Is there a unique identification code for each chemical?
Yes, see our entry on CAS Numbers in the MSDS HyperGlossary. While OSHA does not require the use of a unique code on MSDS's, it is a very good idea to include the CAS number(s) when possible.
The U.S. Department of Defense uses National Supply Numbers (NSN's) (and closely related NIIN numbers) to uniquely and permanently identify items that it purchases. Like CAS numbers, NSN's do not appear on all MSDS's.
EC Numbers (formerly known as EINECS or ELINCS numbers) are assigned to chemicals sold commercially in Europe, but this numbering system covers only ~100,000 chemicals.
UN/NA numbers are another identifying system used in transportation. However, there are only a few thousand UN/NA numbers assigned (out of 24 million+ known chemicals). UN/NA numbers are generally useful only for emergency personnel responding to transportation accidents.
Does OSHA determine what information is required under health hazard information or can we use our own data?
According to Appendix B of OSHA standard 1910.1200, subpart Z (Hazard determination: Mandatory):
The quality of a hazard communication program is largely dependent upon the adequacy and accuracy of the hazard determination. The hazard determination requirement of this standard is performance-oriented. Chemical manufacturers, importers, and employers evaluating chemicals are not required to follow any specific methods for determining hazards, but they must be able to demonstrate that they have adequately ascertained the hazards of the chemicals produced or imported in accordance with the criteria set forth in this Appendix.
It has been said that this portion of the HCS "puts the fox in charge of the henhouse."
Do I need to make a new MSDS if I mix several other chemicals together (each of which already has an MSDS)?
The OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) has several specific requirements including hazard determination and development of MSDS's. If you have a non-interacting mixture of components then you can simply make a new MSDS based on the sheets you already have. See this OSHA Interpretation titled "MSDS requirements for products that are composed of a mixture of non-interacting chemicals" and our MSDS HyperGlossary entry on mixtures for more information.
In most cases, the components will interact or chemically react to create another product. If so, a new MSDS must be constructed. This would most likely require professional assistance. See our MSDS Suppliers Page for some leads.
The sections of OSHA standard 1910.1200 that are most relevant to this question are section d and especially section g, in particular (g)(2)(i)(C).
If you have a complex mixture such as crude oil where the exact chemical composition may vary from batch to batch you can get away with one generic MSDS to cover a range of compositions. See these OSHA interpretations:
- "Generic MSDSs to cover different products that contain the same chemicals in different proportions"
- "One MSDS may apply to multiple complex mixtures having similar hazards."
Do I have to write an MSDS for new chemicals that I create in the laboratory?
Generally, no. But if you plan on distributing these chemicals to others outside of your laboratory (for example, sending samples to other researchers), then you meet OSHA's definition of a chemical manufacturer and must create an MSDS for the materials. This is assuming the new chemical meets OSHA's definition of hazardous, which is a fairly good assumption for most chemicals. While this sounds daunting - creating an MSDS for a few grams of material nobody has ever made before and has myriad unknown properties, most of the information on your MSDS will simply read "Not known" or something similar. See the question Who can write an MSDS? for authoring tips.
This applies for any amount of material you may be wishing to send elsewhere. The HazCom Standard is based on whether on not a material is hazardous, not the risk associated with a given amount of hazardous material.
For an official OSHA interpretation on this see "Material safety data sheet requirements for experimental chemical mixtures that are shipped off-site" dated February 5, 2004.
As a distributor, can we change the name and address on an MSDS?
This is a common question from distributors and resellers who do not wish to reveal the identity of their original supplier out of fear that their customers will then purchase the product directly from the manufacturer.
A distributor or manufacturer may change the name and address information on the MSDS, however, by doing so they assume important legal responsibilities. According to this official interpretation letter:
In all cases, the "responsible party" named on the MSDS and the label is held responsible for the accuracy of the information and potentially subject to citation if a violation of the HCS was determined to exist. If the distributor makes changes to the required information on the labels and the MSDSs, the distributor then assumes responsibility.
OSHA expects the emergency contact to be able to provide information beyond that already contained in the sheet:
...in all cases, the party listed must be able to provide additional information on the hazardous chemicals, or clarification of the information on the MSDS, as well as, additional emergency procedures, if necessary, in lieu of the manufacturer. (see "Requirement of name, address and telephone number on an MSDS" and Material safety data sheet requirement of the Hazard Communication Standard").
If you issue an altered sheet and can't provide this information or the sheet is inaccurate, you may potentially face OSHA, civil and/or criminal penalties! We know of at least one case where altering a sheet landed a company in a lawsuit and strongly suggest that one seek legal counsel before issuing an altered sheet.
While we're not attorneys, it is clear that you need to do at least the following before issuing a sheet with your own name/contact information. First, ensure that the sheet is complete and accurate and document your efforts to do so. Do not simply assume that the information on a sheet that you decided to alter is correct. Second, ensure that you can provide the emergency contact assistance required; see this OSHA interpretation for a discussion of whether the contact telephone number needs to be available 24 hours per day.
Most companies do not have such expertise in-house, however, CHEMTREC can act as the 24-hour contact phone number and emergency assistance liaison for as little as $500 a year. Feel free to contact them at email@example.com for more information. Be sure to tell them you were referred from our site (and that they should consider sponsoring it).
Can the identity of a chemical be withheld on an MSDS as a trade secret?
Yes, but the criteria are very demanding and there are certain responsibilities that come with such a claim. See our MSDS HypGlossary entry on trade secret for more information.
Who can write an MSDS?
Anyone can; simply check out the OSHA-required elements. Whether you have the expertise it takes to produce an accurate and complete sheet is another matter. In addition, you assume some significant legal responsibilities (see earlier in this section).
We strongly recommend that sheet authors purchase ANSI standard Z400.1-1998, "Hazardous Industrial Chemicals - Material Safety Data Sheets - Preparation". You can also find a book titled "Material Safety Data Sheets: The Writer's Desk Reference" on our MSDS-related books page.
You can find some excellent tips on writing an effective MSDS at http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/hazardcommunications/hc2inf2.html. This 1997 study includes a finding that "one expert panel review established that only 11% of the MSDSs were found to be accurate in all of the following four areas: health effects, first aid, personal protective equipment, and exposure limits. Further, the health effects data on the MSDSs frequently are incomplete and the chronic data are often incorrect or less complete than the acute data". Therefore, while you can easily make a new MSDS for a common chemical (such as acetone) using another sheet as a template, be sure to triple check the information and document your effort!
Also examine Creating Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) by the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety - the tips in it are very useful even for non-Canadians and are good at delineating the various world formats.
For those who want to write or double check the information on their MSDS's, a great resource is the OSHA's Chemical Sampling Information Database. Here you'll find concise data on a large number of chemical substances that may be encountered in industrial hygiene investigations. It's not all the data you'll need, but it gives you a good start. The RTECS database is another good resource and contains toxicology information on over 140,000 compounds! Those writing sheets for the European market should check out the link to the European Chemical Bureau in our FAQ question on European MSDS requirements.
If you are interested in taking a professional MSDS authoring course, ChemADVISOR offers one for $1,500 (US).
Where does one submit MSDS's for official approval?
Nowhere. OSHA neither accepts MSDS's for review nor maintains a national database of MSDS's. In general, OSHA reviews MSDS content only during an investigation or inspection. This makes sense, as there are millions of MSDS's in circulation and OSHA has much better ways to use their rather limited resources.
The manufacturer, distributer, importer or other "responsible party" listed on the sheet is responsible for the accuracy and completeness of the information on the MSDS. See "Does OSHA determine what information is required under health hazard information or can we use our own data?" and "Are we protected from liability if someone is injured because an MSDS supplied to us is wrong but we had no way of knowing about the error?" elsewhere in this FAQ for more information.
OSHA has a handy Guide for Reviewing MSDS Completeness as well as numerous technical information resources available that can assist MSDS authors. Or you can always hire an experienced professional to write your MSDS's for you.
Are MSDS's copyrighted/copyrightable?
Disclaimer: we are not intellectual property attorneys etc., so this is our non-expert response to this question.
Manufacturers, distributors etc. are required to give MSDS's to downstream users at no charge so there is really no point in formally copyrighting them. In fact, given that most MSDS's follow a standard format and language, it is unlikely in most cases that one would be able to have an enforceable copyright. One could reasonably argue that most MSDS's are derivative of previous ones or that they simply constitute a list of facts, neither of which merits an enforceable copyright.
On the other hand, if one "gussies up" a sheet with a particular graphic design, organization, and other elements that represent original creative work, then the sheet (in that form) could theoretically be copyrighted. Of course, nothing prevents someone from extracting the basic scientific facts and printing them in a different form.
There are at least a few companies that produce MSDS's that do copyright their sheets. Whether that is an enforceable copyright is unclear. We are unaware of any successful litigation involving violation of an MSDS copyright.
See SIRI's site for another opinion. There are lots of other great web sites on copyright law; a quick search at Yahoo, Google, Teoma etc. should offer hundreds of possibilities.Lastly, in deciding whether to copyright an MSDS, imagine a manufacturer being sued by a client who needed an MSDS that was required by law....but who couldn't get it because of a confusing copyright issue...and then there being an accident involving that material...and someone suffering great pain, injury or death. Could be quite ugly. From a legal stance (again, we're not attorneys), free and unfettered access to safety information may be the wisest choice.
Is there an XML standard for MSDS's?
XML stands for eXtensible Markup Language, an configurable extension of HTML, the language used to author web pages. XML permits industries to come up with a set of tags that define information content within a document, not just document structure. For example, in an MSDS, one could surround the address information with <address>...</address> tags or the CAS number with <cas>...</cas> tags. These tags would be invisible to the reader, but any computer reading the document could automatically extract (or insert) this information. That allows the data to be imported/exported to databases, cell phones, internet appliances etc. with no human intervention, and provides superior data access. We strongly support and encourage the development of an MSDS XML standard.
Last modified: Aug 7, 2013


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The Chickamauga Campaign With Longstreet
"From Manassas to Appomattox (Longstreet)"
Chapter XXXI-Battle Of Chickamauga.
Tactical Features--The Battle opened by Direct Attack on the Federals in the Early Morning of September 20--Repeated and Determined Front Assaults--Brigadiers Helm killed and Adams wounded--The Union Commands lay behind Defences--Hood's Brigades surged through the Forest against the Covered Infantry and Artillery--Hood wounded--Longstreet suggests a Plan for Progressive Action--Halting Tactics at High Tide of Success--The Confederate Left fought a Separate Battle--General Thomas retreats--First Confederate Victory in the West, and one of the Bloodiest Battles of the War--Forces engaged--Losses.
SATISFIED that the opening of the battle was to be the attack against his left, the Union commander ordered Negley's division out from its position near the Glen House to report to General Thomas and assist in meeting the attack, but only Beattie's brigade was in time for that service, the other brigades waiting to be relieved from their positions in line. Meanwhile, Baird's left had been extended by Dodge's brigade of Johnson's division of the Twentieth Corps.
Before the Confederate commander engaged his battle he found the road between the enemy's left and Chattanooga open, which gave him opportunity to interpose or force the enemy from his works to open battle to save his line. But he preferred his plan of direct attack as the armies stood, and opened his battle by attack of the right wing at 9.30 A.M. of the 20th. He was there, and put the corps under Lieutenant-General D. H. Hill to the work. Breckenridge's and Cleburne's divisions, Brecken-ridge on the right, overreached the enemy's left by two brigades, Stovall's and Adams's, but the other brigade, Helm's, was marched through the wood into front assault of the enemy behind his field-works. This brigade made desperate repeated and gallant battle until the commander, Benjamin H. Helm, one of the most promising brigadiers, was killed, when its aggressive work was suspended.
The other brigades crossed the Chattanooga road, changed front, and bore down against the enemy's left. This gave them favorable ground and position. They made resolute attack against Baird's left, threatening his rear, but he had troops at hand to meet them. They had a four-gun battery of Slocum's of the Washington Artillery, and encountered Dodge's brigade and parts of Wil-lick's, Berry's, and Stanley's, and superior artillery. In the severe contention General Adams fell seriously hurt, and the brigades were eventually forced back to and across the road, leaving General Adams on the field.
A separate attack was then made by Cleburne's division, the brigades of Polk and Wood assaulting the breast-works held by the divisions of Johnson and Palmer. These brigades, after severe fight, were repulsed, and their positions were covered by Deshler's brigade. General Deshler received a mortal wound from a fragment of shell, leaving the brigade in the hands of the gallant Colonel Roger Q. Mills (our afterwards distinguished statesman). General Thomas called repeatedly for reinforcement, and received assurances that they were coming, even to include the army if necessary to hold the left.
Johnson's brigade of Cheatham's division was ordered to support the brigade under Colonel Mills, and the reserve corps under General W. H. T. Walker (Gist's and Liddell's divisions) was ordered into the Breckenridge battle, Gist's brigade against the left angle of the breastworks, and Walthall's to the place of Cleburne's division. The other brigade of Gist's division supported the battle of his own brigade, and General Liddell was ordered with Govan's brigade to advance, passing beyond the enemy's left to the Chattanooga road, and wheel to the left against his left rear. The troops, without exception, made a brave, desperate fight, but were unsuccessful, and forced to suspend aggressive work.
As the grand wheel to the left did not progress, I sent, at eleven o'clock, to say to General Bragg that my column of attack could probably break the enemy's line if he cared to have it go in. Before answer came, General Stewart, commanding my right division, received a message from General Bragg to go in and attack by his division, and reported that the Confederate commander had sent similar orders to all division commanders. He advanced, and by his severe battle caused the Union reserve division under General Brannan to be drawn to the support of that front, and this attack, with that of the divisions of our right against those of Baird, Johnson, Palmer, and Reynolds, so disturbed General Thomas that other reinforcements were called to support his defence.
General Stewart was in hot engagement before word reached me that the battle had been put in the hands of division commanders; but my orders reached General Hood in time to hold him and commanders on his left before he received notice from the commanding general, and the brigades of Kershaw and Humphreys were ordered nearer the rear of his column. The divisions of B. R. Johnson and Hindman were ordered to follow in close echelon on Hood's left. Buckner's pivoting division under Preston was left to the position to which the Confederate chief had assigned it.
In our immediate front were the parts of the Twentieth and Twenty-first Corps in two lines covered by rail de-fences and well-posted batteries. At the early surging of his lines through the forest, General Hood came under the fire of this formidable array of artillery and infantry, and found his lines staggering under their galling missiles, and fast losing strength as the fire thickened. His leading brigade was decimated, but his others pushed to the front to take and pursue the assault. The divisions of B. R. Johnson and Hindman were pressed hard on Hood's left, and the brigades of Kershaw and Humphreys closed to his support, when a bold push gave us the first line of the enemy and a large number of his guns; but General Hood was fearfully wounded, supposed to be fatally; General Benning, of his "Rock Brigade," lost his horse, and thought General Hood was killed. He cut a horse loose from a captured gun, mounted, and using part of a rope trace as his riding whip, rode to meet me and report disaster. He had lost his hat in the mę1ée, and the brigade disappeared under the steady crushing fire so quickly that he was a little surprised. He reported, "General Hood killed, my horse killed, my brigade torn to pieces, and I haven't a man left." I asked if he didn't think he could find one man. The question or the manner seemed to quiet somewhat his apprehensions and brought affirmative answer, when he was told to collect his men and join us at the front; that we had broken and carried the first line; that Johnson's division, on his left, was then in the breach and pushing on, with Hindman on his left, spreading battle to the enemy's limits; that Stewart's division would hold it on our right, and the brigades of Kershaw and Humphreys then on the quick step would be with us in a minute and help restore the battle to good organization. Just then these two brigades burst through the brush in cheerful, gallant march, and brought him back to his usual courageous, hopeful confidence.
As we approached a second line, Johnson's division happened to strike it while in the act of changing position of some of the troops, charged upon and carried it, capturing some artillery, Hood's and Hindman's troops pressing in close connection. This attack forced the parts of the Twentieth and Twenty-first Corps from that part of the field, back over Missionary Ridge, in disordered retreat, and part of Negley's division of the Fourteenth Corps by the same impulsion. As our right wing had failed of the progress anticipated, and had become fixed by the firm holding of the enemy's left, we could find no practicable field for our work except by a change of the order of battle from wheel to the left, to a swing to the right on my division under General Stewart. The fire of the enemy off my right readily drew Hood's brigades to that bearing. Johnson's and Hindman's divisions were called to a similar move, and Buckner's pivotal division under General Preston, but General Buckner objected to having his left "in the air."
Presently a discouraging account came from General Hindman, that in the progress of his battle his left and rear had been struck by a formidable force of cavalry; that Manigault's brigade was forced back in disorder, and his other brigades exposed on their open left could not be handled. I wrote him a note commending the brave work of his division, and encouraging renewed efforts; urged him to have his brigades in hand, and bring them around to close connection on Johnson's left.
On the most open parts of the Confederate side of the field one's vision could not reach farther than the length of a brigade. Trigg's brigade was ordered to the relief of Manigault's, which had been forced back to the Lafayette road, and the balance of Preston's division was ordered to follow, if necessary, to support that part of the field, and our cavalry far away from my left was called to clean it up and pursue the retreating columns. It seems that Wilder's brigade of mounted infantry had struck Manigault's left and put it back in disorder, and a brigade, or part of a brigade, of cavalry coming against the rear, increased the confusion and drove it back to the Lafayette road, when Trigg's brigade advanced to its relief. The two put the attacking forces back until they found it necessary to retire beyond the ridge and cover the withdrawal of trains left exposed by the retreat of troops of the Twentieth and Twenty-first Corps. General Hind-man gathered his forces and marched for the left of Johnson's division, and Preston's brigade under General Trigg was returned to the point of its first holding.
Our front, cleared of opposing forces, was soon changed forward, and formed at right angle to its first line to seek the enemy's line standing against our right wing. Calls were repeated for the cavalry to ride in pursuit of the retreating forces, and guard the gaps of the ridge behind the enemy standing in front of our right wing. In the new position of the left wing its extreme left encountered the enemy rallying in strong position that was heavily manned by field batteries. At the same time my left was approaching the line of fire of one of our batteries of the right wing.
General Johnson thought that he had the key of the battle near Snodgrass Hill. It was a key, but a rough one. He was ordered to reorganize his own brigades and those of Hindman's division for renewed work; to advance a line of skirmishers, and give time to the troops for refreshment, while I rode along the line to observe the enemy and find relations with our right wing.
It was after one o'clock, and the hot and dry and dusty day made work fatiguing. My lunch was called up and ordered spread at some convenient point while I rode with General Buckner and the staffs to view the changed conditions of the battle. I could see but little of the enemy's line, and only knew of it by the occasional exchange of fire between the lines of skirmishers, until we approached the angle of the lines. I passed the right of our skirmishers, and, thinking I had passed the enemy's, rode forward to be accurately assured, when I suddenly found myself under near fire of his sharpshooters concealed behind the trees and under the brush. I saw enough, however, to mark the ground line of his field-works as they were spread along the front of the right wing, and found that I was very fortunate in having the forest to cover the ride back until out of reach of their fire. In the absence of a chief of artillery, General Buckner was asked to establish a twelve-gun battery on my right to enfilade the enemy's works and line standing before our right wing, and then I rode away to enjoy my spread of Nassau bacon and Georgia sweet potatoes. We were not accustomed to potatoes of any kind in Virginia, and thought we had a luxury, but it was very dry, as the river was a mile and more from us, and other liquids were over the border. Then, before we had half finished, our pleasures were interrupted by a fragment of shell that came tearing through the woods, passed through a book in the hands of a courier who sat on his horse hard by reading, and struck down our chief of ordnance, Colonel P. T. Manning, gasping, as was supposed, in the struggles of death. Friends sprang forward to look for the wound and to give some aid and relief. In his hurry to enjoy and finish his lunch he had just taken a large bite of sweet potato, which seemed to be suffocating him. I suggested that it would be well to first relieve him of the potato and give him a chance to breathe. This done, he revived, his breath came freer, and he was soon on his feet ready to be conveyed to the hospital. In a few days he was again on duty.
After caring for and sending him off, and before we were through with our lunch, General Bragg sent for me. He was some little distance in rear of our new position. The change of the order of battle was explained, and the necessity under which it came to be made. We had taken some thirty or more field-pieces and a large number of small-arms, and thought that we had cut off and put to disorder the Twentieth and Twenty-first Corps that had retreated through the pass of the Ridge by the Dry Valley road. He was informed of orders given General Johnson for my left, and General Buckner for a battery on the right. I then offered as suggestion of the way to finish our work that he abandon the plan for battle by our right wing, or hold it to defence, draw off a force from that front that had rested since the left wing took up the battle, join them with the left wing, move swiftly down the Dry Valley road, pursue the retreating forces, occupy the gaps of the Ridge behind the enemy standing before our right, and call that force to its own relief.
He was disturbed by the failure of his plan and the severe repulse of his right wing, and was little prepared to hear suggestions from subordinates for other moves or progressive work. His words, as I recall them, were: "There is not a man in the right wing who has any fight in him." From accounts of his former operations I was prepared for halting work, but this, when the battle was at its tide and in partial success, was a little surprising. His humor, however, was such that his subordinate was at a loss for a reopening of the discussion. He did not wait, nor did he express approval or disapproval of the operations of the left wing, but rode for his head-quarters at Reed's Bridge.
There was nothing for the left wing to do but work along as best it could. The right wing ceased its active battle as the left forced the enemy's right centre, and the account of the commanding general was such as to give little hope of his active use of it in supporting us. After his lunch, General Johnson was ordered to make ready his own and Hindman's brigades, to see that those of Hood's were in just connection with his right, and await the opening of our battery. Preston's division was pulled away from its mooring on the river bank to reinforce our worn battle. The battery not opening as promptly as expected, General Johnson was finally ordered into strong, steady battle. He pushed through part of the woodland, drove back an array of artillery and the supporting infantry, and gained other elevated ground. The sound of battle in his rear, its fire drawing nearer, had attracted the attention of General Granger of the reserve corps, and warned him that it was the opportunity for his command. He marched, without orders, towards the noise, and passed by the front of Forrest's cavalry and the front of our right wing, but no report of his march was sent us. Day was on the wane. Night was advancing. The sun dipped to the palisades of Lookout Mountain, when Lieutenant-Colonel Claiborne reported that the cavalry was not riding in response to my calls. He was asked to repeat the order in writing, and despatched as follows:
BATTLE-FIELD September 20, 1863, 5.09 P.M.
Lieutenant-General Longstreet orders you to proceed down the road towards the enemy's right, and with your artillery endeavor to enfilade his line, with celerity.
By order of Lieutenant-General Longstreet
Lieutenant- Colonel Cavalry
Then our foot-scouts reported that there was nothing on the road taken by the enemy's retreating columns but squads of footmen. Another written order for the cavalry was despatched at 5.30.
General Preston reinforced us by his brigade under Gracie, pushed beyond our battle, and gained a height and intervening dell before Snodgrass Hill, but the enemy's reserve was on the hill, and full of fight, even to the aggressive. We were pushed back through the valley and up the slope, until General Preston succeeded in getting his brigade under Trigg to the support. Our battery got up at last under Major Williams and opened its destructive fire from eleven guns, which presently convinced General Thomas that his position was no longer tenable. He drew Reynolds's division from its trenches near the angle, for assignment as rearguard. Lieutenant-Colonel Sorrel, of the staff, reported this move, and was sent with orders to General Stewart to strike down against the enemy's moving forces. It seems that at the same time Liddell's division of the extreme right of our right wing was ordered against the march of the reserves. Stewart got into part of Reynolds's line and took several hundred prisoners. Meanwhile, Reynolds was used in meeting the attack and driving back the division of General Liddell. That accomplished, he was ordered to position to cover the retreat. As no reports came to the left from the commanding general or from the right wing, the repulse of Liddell's division was thought to indicate the strong holding of the enemy along his intrenched front line, and I thought that we should wait to finish the battle on the morrow.
The direct road to Chattanooga was practically closed. McFarland Gap, the only débouché, was supposed to be occupied by the cavalry. Another blind road was at the base of the mountain on its east side. During the artillery practice the fire of some of the guns of our battery was turned to the contest at Snodgrass Hill, which disturbed part of our infantry fiercely struggling for that ground, and they complained, but the fire was effective. As the woods were full of the enemy, a shot would find a mark.
The intrenched line was crumbling faster than we supposed, and their reserve was engaged in hot defensive battle to hold secure the Gap while yet there were two hours of daylight. Had the four brigades of Cheatham's division that had not been in action gone in at the same time as Liddell's division, it is hardly possible that the Confederate commander could have failed to find the enemy's empty lines along the front of his right wing, and called both wings into a grand final sweep of the field to the capture of Thomas's command; but he was not present, and the condition of affairs was embarrassing to the subordinate commanders.
A reconnoissance made just before the first strokes of the morning engagement discovered an open way around the enemy's left by turning his intrenched line in reverse, which General Hill thought to utilize by change of tactics, but General Bragg present, and advised of the opportunity, preferred his tactics, and urged prompt execution. At the later hour when Liddell's division was passed beyond the enemy's intrenchments to strike at his reinforcing march under General Granger, the subordinate of the right wing could not see how he was to be justified in using a greater force in that direction, affairs of the wing being similar to those of the opening, while the relations of the right and left were in reverse of tactical orders; but a vigilant chief present and caring for the weaker part of his battle, advised that the enemy was on his last legs, with his reserves could well have sprung the right wing into the opening beyond his right, securing crushing results. Earlier in the afternoon he did send an order for renewed efforts of the right wing under his plan of parallel assault, but the troops had tested the lines in their first battle, and were not in condition for a third effort, at parallel battle.
The contention by our left wing was maintained as a separate and independent battle. The last of my reserve, Trigg's brigade, gave us new strength, and Preston gained Snodgrass Hill. The trampled ground and bushy woods were left to those who were too much worn to escape the rapid strides of the heroic Confederates. The left wing swept forward, and the right sprang to the broad Chattanooga highway. Like magic the Union army had melted away in our presence. A few hundred prisoners were picked up by both wings as they met, to burst their throats in loud huzzas. The Army of Tennessee knew how to enjoy its first grand victory. The dews of twilight hung heavy about the trees as if to hold down the voice of victory; but the two lines nearing as they advanced joined their continuous shouts in increasing volume, not as the burstings from the cannon's mouth, but in a tremendous swell of heroic harmony that seemed almost to lift from their roots the great trees of the forest.
Before greetings and congratulations upon the success had passed it was night, and the mild beams of the quartering moon were more suggestive of Venus than of Mars. The haversacks and ammunition supplies were ordered replenished, and the Confederate army made its bivouac on the ground it had gained in the first pronounced victory in the West, and one of the most stubbornly contested battles of the war.
Our cavalry had failed to close McFarland Gap, and through that General Thomas made his march for the stand at Rossville Gap.
It has been stated that this retreat was made under the orders of the Union commander. General Thomas did, in fact, receive a message from his chief a little after four o'clock, saying that he was riding to Chattanooga to view the position there; that he, General Thomas, was left in command of all of the organized forces, and should seek strong and threatening position at Rossville, and send the other men back to Chattanooga to be reorganized. This was a suggestion more than an order, given under the conviction that the Confederates, having the Dry Valley road, would pass the ridge to the west side, cut General Thomas off, and strike his rear at pleasure. The order to command of the troops in action, and the conditions referring to duties at Chattanooga, carried inferential discretion. That General Thomas so construed it was evidenced by his decision to hold "until nightfall if possible." But directly, under the practice of our enfilading battery, he became convinced that it was not possible, changed his purpose, and at 5.30 gave orders for his commanders to prepare to retire, and called Reynolds's division from its trenches to be posted as rear-guard to cover the retreat.
General Granger was then engaged in severe contention against my left at Snodgrass Hill. His march along the front of our cavalry and right wing suggested the advance of Liddell's division to the Chattanooga road to try to check it. The withdrawal of Reynolds's division was in season to aid in driving Liddell's division back to its former ground. Reynolds was posted on eminent ground as rear-guard, and organized retreat followed. It was not until after sunset that Rosecrans's order for retreat was issued, as appears from the letter written from Rossville by General James A. Garfield, chief of staff, dated 8.40, three hours and more after the move was taken up, viz.:
"Your order to retire to this place was received a little after sunset and communicated to Generals Thomas and Granger. The troops are now moving back, and will be here in good shape and strong position before morning."
So events and the evidence seem conclusive that it was our artillery practice that made the confusion of Chickamauga forests unbearable, and enforced retreat before Rosecrans order was issued.
The Union army and reserve had been fought, and by united efforts we held the position at Snodgrass Hill, which covered McFarland Gap and the retreat. There were yet five brigades of Confederates that had not been in active battle. The Confederate commander was not present, and his next in rank thought night pursuit without authority a heavy, unprofitable labor, while a flank move, after a night's rest, seemed promising of more important results. The Confederate chief did not even know of his victory until the morning of the 21st, when, upon riding to his extreme right, he found his commander at that point seeking the enemy in his immediate front, and commended the officer upon his vigilance,--twelve hours after the retreat of the enemy's forces.
The forces engaged and their respective casualties follow:
General Bragg's returns of the 20th of August--the last of record--reported his aggregate of all arms 43,866 Reinforced from J. E. Johnston's army in August 9,000 Reinforced from J. E. Johnston's army in September (Gregg and McNair) 2,500 Reinforced from General Lee's army, September 18 and 19 (a large estimate) 5,000 Total 60,366 Losses on the 18th and 19th 1,124 Aggregate for battle on the 20th 59,242 General Rosecrans's return of September 20, 1863, showed: Aggregate of infantry, equipped 46,561 Aggregate of cavalry, equipped 10,114 Aggregate of artillery, equipped 4,192 Total 60,867 Confederate losses (estimated; returns imperfect) 17,800 Union losses by returns (infantry, artillery, and cavalry) 16,550
The exceeding heaviness of these losses will be better understood, and the desperate and bloody character of the Chickamauga battle more fully appreciated, upon a little analysis. The battle, viewed from the stand-point of the Union losses, was the fifth greatest of the war, Gettysburg, Spottsylvania, the Wilderness, and Chancellorsville alone exceeding it, but each of these battles were of much longer time. Viewed by comparison of Confederate losses, Chickamauga occupies similar place--fifth--in the scale of magnitude among the battles of the war.
But the sanguinary nature of the contention is best illustrated by a simple suggestion of proportions. Official reports show that on both sides the casualties--killed, wounded, and missing--embraced the enormous proportion of thirty-three per cent. of the troops actually engaged.
On the Union side there were over a score of regiments in which the losses in this single fight exceeded 49.4 per cent., which was the heaviest loss sustained by a German regiment at any time during the Franco-German war. The "charge of the Light Brigade" at Balaklava has been made famous in song and history, yet there were thirty Union regiments that each lost ten per cent. more men at Chickamauga, and many Confederate regiments whose mortality exceeded this.
Longstreet's command in less than two hours lost nearly forty-four per cent. of its strength, and of the troops opposed to a portion of their splendid assaults, Steedman's and Brannan's commands lost respectively forty-nine and thirty-eight in less than four hours, and single regiments a far heavier percentage.
Of the Confederate regiments sustaining the heaviest percentages of loss (in killed, wounded, and missing,--the last a scarcely appreciable fraction) the leading ones were:
REGIMENT PERCENT Tenth Tennessee 68.0 Fifth Georgia 61.1 Second Tennessee 60.2 Fifteenth and Thirty-seventh Tennessee 59.9 Sixteenth Alabama 58.6 Sixth and Ninth Tennessee 57.9 Eighteenth Alabama 56.3 Twenty-second Alabama 55.2 Twenty-third Tennessee 54.1 Twenty-ninth Mississippi 52.7 Fifty-eighth Alabama 51.7 Thirty-seventh Georgia 50.1 Sixty-third Tennessee 49.7 Forty-first Alabama 48.6 Thirty-second Tennessee 48.3 Twentieth Tennessee 48.0 First Arkansas 45.1 Ninth Kentucky 44.3
These are only a few of the cases in which it was possible to compute percentages of casualties, the number of effectives taken into battle not having been mentioned, but they serve to illustrate the sanguinary severity of the fight and the heroism of the troops.


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Farouk Ahamed, '80
President, ADF Invescap Inc.
|Farouk provides transactional advisory services to growth oriented companies on mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, financings, recapitalizations and strategy and shareholder value improvement. Farouk is a retired partner of Ernst & Young LLP with over 30 years of financial and transaction advisory experience.
He graduated from Laurier (Hons. BBA 1980) and obtained his CA designation in 1983. In 1994, Farouk completed the Executive Development Program at the Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University and the Harvard Business School Executive Education Program in 1998.
Farouks other community service involvements have included serving on the boards of the Freeport Hospital, the Social Planning Council of K-W, the Waterloo-Wellington CA Association and His Highness Aga Khan Council and Economic Planning Board, Ontario.
Degrees: Hons. BBA, Wilfrid Laurier University; Executive Development Program at the Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University; and the Harvard Business School Executive Education Program.


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Sports Goods Retail in Exeter
Monday: 9am - 5pm
Tuesday: 10am - 6:30pm
Wednesday to Thursday: 10am - 5pm
Friday: 10am - 6:30pm
Saturday: 9am - 1pm
Sunday: Closed
The Cricket Company is an award winning, specialist cricket company that sells a wide range of playing & coaching equipment. The team pride themselves on providing knowledgeable and expert advice as well as friendly and impeccable customer service to help you choose the equipment best suited to your style of play. Our Devon showroom is full of quality equipment from the game's leading manufacturers and our website at www.thecricketcompany.co.uk is full of cricket information, equipment and advice. As well as equipment advice and sales, TCC offers ECB qualified coaching to individuals, groups, clubs and schools across Devon and currently works with the District and County squads, including Devon's Disabled team. TCC is a sports shop dedicated purely to cricket, based in Devon.
All coaches are members of the ECB Coaches Association; Project manager & Coach for Chance to Shine in association with The Cricket Foundation Approved Retailers for Kookaburra, Gunn & Moore, Slazenger, Masuri, Mongoose, Ayrtek, Aero, Redback Cricket & Surridge Sport
Cricket playing & coaching equipment specialists, free advice service.
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On behalf of everyone at Feniton Youth Cricket, I would like to thank you so much for everything you have done for our Club. We are all going to miss you massively. Thank you Trevor xxxx
Feniton CC
Thank you TCC, made an order and received all goods within a couple of days and all perfect! I had a query before I ordered, which you dealt with quickly, efficiently and really clearly so I could go ahead and order with confidence. Will definitely be back, thank you
Testimonials are added by the business owner and are not independently verified.


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Model Type
34 Combined MPG (30 city / 40 hwy)
EPA estimated
A full list of available features and filters for the used 2017 Ford Focus inventory include but are not limited to: Edmunds Special Offers: Gas Card (4), Purchase Offers, Lease Offers, Used Offers (4). Model Type: Sedan (17), Hatchback (8), Electric, Coupe, Wagon.
Trims: SE (18), Titanium, SEL (6), S (1), SES, Electric, ZX4 SE, ZX4 SES, ZX4 S, ZX3, ZTS, LX, ZX3 S, ZX3 SE, ZXW SE, SE Comfort, ZTW, ZX4 ST, ZX5, ZX5 Premium, ZX5 S, ZX5 SE, ZX5 SES, ZXW SES. Features: Fold Flat Rear Seats (25), Rear Bench Seats (25), Aux Audio Inputs (25), Tire Pressure Warning (25), Stability Control (25), Audio and cruise controls on steering wheel (25), Trip Computer (24), Bluetooth (25), USB Inputs (25), Back-up camera (25), Post-collision safety system (25), Alarm (6), Auto Climate Control (6), Multi-Zone Climate Control (6), Parking sensors (6), Heated seats (2), Sunroof/Moonroof (6), Leather Seats, Power Driver Seat, Remote Start, Keyless Entry/Start, Upgraded Engine (6), Navigation, Blind Spot Monitoring, Lane Departure Warning, Upgraded Headlights, Upgraded Stereo. Engine/Mechanics: 4 cylinders (19), 3 cylinders (2). Transmission: Automated Manual (8), Automatic (8), Manual (1), Direct Drive. Fuel Type: flex-fuel (unleaded/E85) (19), regular unleaded (2), electric. Drivetrain: front wheel drive (25).
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The front-drive Focus is a stalwart of Ford's product portfolio and it's built to hold down the company's position in what may be the most value-conscious segment of the market: compact sedans and hatchbacks.
Still, there are a few tweaks to the model mix for 2017. A new SEL model includes 17-inch wheels and black-painted trim. And the latest Sync 3 information/navigation/entertainment system with voice recognition technology has been added to the options list. A new addition to the color palette is called "White Gold"; Ford insiders have confirmed to Edmunds that there is no actual gold is in it, however.
Leaving the performance-oriented ST and even higher-performance RS aside for the time being, the regular, gasoline-burning Focus is offered in four trim levels as either a five-door hatchback or four-door sedan. And beyond that there's a five-door all-electric Focus, too.
The base "S" is offered only as a sedan and only with Ford's straightforward 160-horsepower, 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine. The SE, SEL and Titanium trim models all come as either a sedan or hatchback with the 2.0-liter engine. But the SE sedan is also offered with Ford's 1.0-liter, turbocharged, three-cylinder EcoBoost powerplant rated at 123 hp. The 2.0-liter is backed by either a five-speed manual or six-speed automatic transmission, while the EcoBoost 1.0-liter comes with a six-speed manual or six-speed automatic.
The� direct-drive one-speed electric Focus uses a 143-hp permanent magnet traction engine.
Fuel economy numbers range widely. The EPA rates the electric model at the equivalent of 107 mpg combined (118 city/96 highway). However, that's limited to a 115-mile range. The manual-transmission, 1.0-liter Ecoboost burns actual gasoline and is rated at 34 mpg combined (30 city/40 highway). The 2.0-liter Focus with the automatic — which will be purchased by the overwhelming majority of buyers — carries an EPA rating of 29 mpg combined (26 city/36 highway). All solid numbers in this class.
The Focus has been part of the North American Ford line since 2000 and this third-generation model went on sale back in 2011. So some newer competitors have advantages over this aging model.
Considering all the choices available in the compact class, making sense of it all can be daunting. That's why Edmunds is here to help with researching your purchase and getting a great deal from a great dealer.
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Ulcers: Is Your Horse At Risk?
- Free Webcast
- Thursday, March 26, 2009 at 8:00 PM EDT
- Topics:
Ulcers can affect horses in as few as five days--from the competitive athlete to the pleasure horse.
To view this webcast, become a member of TheHorse.com.
It's FREE and you'll get full access to more than 20,000 articles, video, free reports & more.


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FBI Training Exercise in Lorton Jan. 7
Jan. 5, 2010
News Highlights
The Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) Hostage Rescue Team will conduct a training exercise on Thursday, Jan. 7, from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. at the former D.C. Department of Corrections' prison in Lorton.
Residents in the area may see helicopters landing at and departing from the facility throughout the day.
For more information, call the FBI at 703-632-7014.
Contact: Merni Fitzgerald, Director, Office of Public Affairs
703-324-3189, TTY 711, Media Pager: 703-324-NEWS (6397)
To request this information in an alternate format, call 703-324-3187, TTY 711


text: Girls' ruffle-sleeve shirt in neon buffalo check Item F8678 Color: SOFT BLOSSOM CAPRI Size: 14 All sizes are US sizes. 14 Size Charts Quantity: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Prices do not include taxes. Add to Bag Wishlist Add to Bag Add To Wishlist share: size & fit Product Details A holiday-party-ready ruffle-sleeve top in a neon (!) buffalo check just like Mom's. Bonus: It matches a cute pull-on skirt in our collection! Poly. Machine wash. Import. Select stores. Item F8678.


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Ņemiet vērā, ka jaunumi, raksti un notikumu apraksti var būt pieejami tikai angļu, franču un/vai vācu valodā.
On 28-29 March 2017, the sixth meeting of the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) High Level Working Group on Employment and Labour (HLWG) took place in Barcelona, Spain, at the premises of the UfM Secretariat.
The member countries of the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) have defined key measures to address the persisting challenge of unemployment in the Mediterranean region, particularly for young people and women.
On 14 April 2016, the fifth meeting of the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) High Level Working Group on Employment and Labour (HLWG) took place in Brussels.
A workshop in the framework of the EU-US Working Group on Labour and Employment-related Issues discussed the quality, supply, and image of innovative apprenticeships in Brussels on 25-26 February.
On 28 January 2015, the High Level Working Group on Employment and Labour discussed the issue of informal economy in the Mediterranean region.
Around 70 delegates from European and Asian governments, trade unions, employers' organisations, the ILO deputy director general, academics, EEAS and the European Commission discussed how to strengthen social dialogue, collective bargaining and workplace cooperation at the ASEM Seminar on Social Dialogue, held on 9-11 March 2014 in Brussels.
The 6th EU-India Seminar on Employment and Social Policy dedicated to social protection took place in Brussels on 24 and 25 June.
A new global momentum for the promotion of decent work? Challenges for the external dimension of EU employment and social policies.
Partners from the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) meet once a year in the Euro-Mediterranean Employment and Labour Working Group to discuss latest developments and ways of cooperation in the area of employment and social issues in the region.
This Seminar is part of EU-India dialogue and cooperation on employment and social policy based on the Memorandum of Understanding signed in year 2006.


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Staff from the three major California cooperatives – California Dairies Inc., Dairy Farmers of America and Land O'Lakes – continue their work towards finalizing language to be submitted to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) that would establish a Federal Milk Marketing Order (FMMO) in California. There are 10 FMMOs around the country (a map can be found at: http://goo.gl/DTvyVf), and while there are some things that are the same in all 10 of those Orders (such as the Class II, III and IV prices), there are other things that are unique to each order. While USDA ultimately decides what to include in the final Order language, the three cooperatives are looking closely at those unique aspects of a potential California FMMO as they put together their draft language to be submitted to USDA.
In the meantime, just because there are many details "T.B.D.," that hasn't stopped some from analyzing and pontificating about what could possibly be in the final draft, and how that could impact both producers and processors in California. One such analysis was published by a trio of dairy economists: John Newton from the Univiersity of Illinois, Cameron Thraen from The Ohio State University and Andrew Novakovic from Cornell University. Their full publication can be read at: http://farmdocdaily.illinois.edu/pdf/fdd270314.pdf.
Much of the five-page report was factual in nature, and certainly highlights some of the issues that will be debated at length in a USDA hearing process. However, there was a recurring theme that really caught my attention, and will undoubtedly be repeated many times throughout this process. The report stated, "What's commonly overlooked in the debate of the milk price divergence are the implications of imposing higher FMMO classified prices on California's competitive position in the dairy processing sector."
Let me rephrase: Apparently, the California dairy producers are failing to consider whether California's cheese manufacturers can survive if they have to pay a price for their milk that is in line with what their out-of-state competition has to pay.
California dairymen face some of the highest feed costs in the country. Our environmental and labor regulations (and their associated costs) are second-to-none. Our taxes are high, our fees are obscene, and every year, the State Legislature seems to find new ways to make doing business in California more difficult. And yet, according to this line of thinking – and this is not the first, nor will it be the last time we see this – one additional major consideration should be how we can provide the lowest cost milk in the country to our manufacturers. Really?!?
Sure, we're a long ways from U.S. population centers of the East Coast. Wisconsin's got us beat on that. But we have a pretty optimal geographic advantage in selling to Mexico or our overseas markets to the West. How is it that cheese manufacturers in Washington, Oregon, or Arizona are able to operate in FMMOs, subject to those pricing regulations? What is it about our California manufacturers that make them so vulnerable that they need a huge "State-sponsored discount" on the milk they buy, or else they could be forced to close up shop and move somewhere else? (And of course, what price do we think they would be paying for their milk somewhere else?)
Through all the analysis that we will undoubtedly hear in the months to come, remember this key reality: In order for the California dairy industry to have a sustainable future, our dairymen need to receive a price for their milk that is: (1) profitable; and (2) in reasonable alignment with what our out-of-state competition receives for the comparable milk they produce. California's Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) is capable of facilitating these needs – in fact, they are directed by law to do so. But as we have unfortunately seen, they have been unwilling to make the necessary changes, resulting in this critical effort to develop a California FMMO.
We must never lose sight of these realities.


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Student Life / Student Activities Office
The Student Life/Student Activities Office, located
room 227
in the Midtown Student
Center, is the primary source for co-curricular studies and student programming
at Western Connecticut State University.
The staff, along with the Student Government Association,
the Student Center Board, and many of the student organizations housed in the
building, provide students with educational and social programs aimed at
assisting students outside of the classroom.
Services available to students include:
Student club advisement
Assistance in bulletin board postings
Student organization publicity
Free fax machine access
And so much more!
Please feel free to stop by our office anytime to utilize these services or
to learn how
Student Activities can assist you.
You may contact the
Student Activities office at (203) 837-8214
click here to go to their website.
Home | Bookstore |
Box Office |
Building Hours | The Daily Grind |
Dining | Main Office |
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February 11, 2009
Supporting Student Outcomes Through Expanded Learning Opportunities
Priscilla M. Little
This paper looks at the role of after school and summer learning programs in supporting student success. The paper explores how to bridge the divide between out-of-school time programs and schools by offering research-derived principles for effective expanded learning partnerships. It was commissioned by Learning Point Associates and the Collaborative for Building After-School Systems (CBASS) as part of a report on school reform and expanded learning.
Inside this paper, you will learn about:
Enhancing School Reform Through Expanded Learning
Released by Learning Point Associates and CBASS, Enhancing School Reform Through Expanded Learning looks at the benefits of integrating expanded learning opportunities into overall school reform. Comprised of three papers and four case studies about different aspects of expanded learning, the report finds that well-designed expanded learning programs can improve school performance, increasing positive academic, developmental, and health outcomes.
The report is a call to action for education and after school leaders to work together in new ways to foster enhanced school reform through better integration with expanded learning opportunities.
Free. Available online only.


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MILTON -- The Barringer family makes philanthropy a family affair by raising money for THON, the Penn State Dance Marathon.
THON is the largest student-run philanthropic organization in the world that benefits pediatric cancer treatment and research. Reilley and Eddy Barringer are among the 15,000 Penn State students who work to raise awareness and funds for THON, and their fundraising efforts include a dinner event Saturday night.
The sole beneficiary of THON is The Four Diamonds Fund, founded to ease the financial burden of families whose children receive treatment at Penn State Children's Hospital at Hershey Medical Center. The fund not only provides direct assistance to families but also provides funding for clinical, educational and research programs affiliated with pediatric cancer. THON has contributed more than $89 million to the organization.
Parents Dave and Kathleen Barringer note that THON doesn't simply raise funds -- it touches lives.
"Hundreds of student organizations exist for the sole purpose of supporting THON," Kathy Barringer said. "These organizations 'adopt' Four Diamond Families. Students become a part of the lives of the families they adopt. They hang out with the kids, baby-sit and hold fun events for the families to attend. The college students bring enthusiasm, compassion, fun and hope to a situation that can appear hopeless."
Dave and Kathy Barringer will accommodate a group of THON volunteers when they visit Saratoga Springs this weekend to fundraise. The Barringers will host an Italian dinner and silent auction at the Knights of Columbus beginning at 6 p.m. Saturday.
All the fundraising will culminate next month in a dance marathon at Penn State, during which the 16,000-seat Jordan Center is filled as students move and groove without sitting or sleeping for 46 hours. The families and children honored at the event share moving personal stories.
Reilley, Eddy and their brother, Jake -- a Penn State-bound senior at Saratoga Springs High School -- agree that their fondest memories have occurred during THON weekend. Reilley said she has enjoyed her role as a "moraler," someone responsible for attending to the needs of a specific dancer as pain and sometimes delirium mounts during the dance marathon.
For Eddy, the upcoming THON weekend is very special. After applying for three consecutive years, Eddy was chosen to receive one of the eight coveted spots as a dancer for the THON organization known as Pillar.
Jake says he is excited to follow in his brother's and sister's footsteps. While he's not a Penn State student yet, Jake has been very involved with THON, helping plan events, soliciting donations and working at the THON dinner.
"I have always enjoyed being a part of THON, but it wasn't until I went to my first THON weekend and heard the speeches at family hour that it really hit home. Moms, dads, brothers and sisters got up and talked about their story and the impact that THON, the Four Diamonds Fund and the Penn State students made in their lives. That's when I understood what THON was really all about."
Tickets for the Jan. 26 dinner, which will take place from 6 to 8:30 p.m., are available at the Knights of Columbus Hall, 50 Pine Road, Saratoga Springs, by calling 796-4021 or emailing email@example.com. They also may be purchased at the door. Admission is $10. Children ages 10 and younger will be admitted free.
Those who are unable to attend the dinner but wish to donate may go to the THON website, www.thon.org/home. Credit the Barringer siblings' organization through an online donation by selecting "Pillar" as the designation.


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WTM Africa 2017 saw $365,950,813 of business generated, proving that exhibitions remain a powerful marketing tool for business...
20 Sep 2017
A new flower show has launched in Cape Town, South Africa, for 27-30 October 2016...
26 May 2016
Local biometrics experts Ideco will showcase its new all-in-one mobile biometrics unit at Securex from 24-26 May 2016...
24 May 2016
Is Africa the Dark Continent when it comes to the advertising industry? On the contrary, says Alan Edgar, Regional Creative Director, Ogilvy Africa and one of regional judges for African and Middle Eastern categories at this year's Loeries. It's alive and vibrant, but in dire need of world-class tertiary training institutions to tap into that potential.
Staff Reporter 21 Sep 2013
The sixth Maputo International Advertising Festival will take place from 25-27 May 2011, AMEP - the Mozambican Marketing, Advertising and Public Relations Association announced yesterday. The festival recognises advertising agencies, producers and communications companies worldwide especially from Africa and the Indian Ocean regions.
23 Feb 2011


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GOP's Ryan to raise money in Greenville this month
Thu, 11 Oct 2012 16:20:18 GMT —
GREENVILLE, S.C. (AP) -- Republican vice presidential candidate Paul Ryan will be in Greenville later this month for a private fundraiser.
The Greenville News reported that former South Carolina GOP chairman Barry Wynn says the breakfast will be at the home of Greenville developer Phil Hughes on Oct. 26.
Wynn is the finance co-chairman for Mitt Romney's presidential campaign in South Carolina. He says the event could attract 100 people.
Tickets are $1,000, with special photo opportunities for those donating $5,000. Those who give $25,000 can attend a private reception with Ryan.
Ryan is not scheduled to campaign publicly in South Carolina. Wynn says the money will be spent in swing states.
Neither Republicans nor Democrats are expected to spend much in South Carolina since the state is considered firmly in Romney's camp.


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Politics, Prophecy & the Supernatural I'll have some new PPS Reports on Tuesday after I return home!
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Global Warming or 400yr Earth Storm Cycle?
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Theresa May to Offer Olive Leaf in the Form of £20 Billion | Watch Theresa May and Boris Johnson's Awkward Moment at UN Assembly (Videos)
Feelings Trump Reality


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Topic: Husband Diagnosed in Early March with this...
Hi there.... My name is Dorien (Door * E * N). My husband was diagnosed with this cancer (stage IV) in early March. (spread to lungs--possible lymph nodes--but PET scan was not 100% clear on lymph node spread) He has never been sick a day in life--quite literally--and went from thinking he had bronchitis or some crazy flu (he had a cough, fever, night sweats and weight loss for most of Feb.) to stage IV cancer in a few days time. After A LOT of freaking out by me (because he never gets sick) ...we went from a physical to a CT scan to a liver biopsy in the space of 48 hours.
He has lots of tumors in his liver and he is not a candidate for surgery or anything really other than chemo (Gem/Cisplat.) combo to help improve quality of life/prolong his life.
We have 4 kids ages 9 to 19 and this has been quite the blow.
We are now 3 rounds into chemo w/o (really) any other side effects other than fatigue and my husband feels better than he has in a few months.
Mostly looking for a little support.... and to hear others stories.
We've had two opinions (we live in SLC with the Huntsman Cancer Institute) and BOTH Dr's there and at IMC have been really great.
They say they've both seen "better odds" in healthy younger people--but insist that Kyle will make his "own numbers".
I've started a blog I will post in the blog section if anyone wants to follow along.
That's it for now. We keep plugging along. Some days are very hard and some days are actually good.
I also have to say that he is still working and living a pretty normal life and will choose that until he can't. He's a fighter and sees no reason to sit around "waiting to die" when he can live life for as long as he can!


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LA SELVA BEACH - A bicyclist died Saturday morning on Bonita Drive, the California Highway Patrol reported.
It's unclear what caused the fatal 10:15 a.m. crash, but it doesn't appear a car was involved, officer Grant Boles said.
The bicyclist appeared to be a middle-aged Latino, and a seasoned rider with a custom road bike and protective gear, Boles said. He said he had been riding west from San Andreas Road, Boles said.
Paramedics administered medical aid to the man as soon as they arrived on the scene, but he was pronounced dead a short time later, Boles said.
"We'll conduct a thorough investigation, as will the Coroner's Office," Boles said.
Boles said the man might have suffered some type of medical problem.


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I was lucky enough to have someone wait in line for me at the Carmel book signing for an autographed copy.
I don't buy alot of books but I think this is a must have not only for Colts fans. Received it last night , I read about 50 pages so far, a good easy ready.IMO.
I have already learned a great deal that I did not know. Some family photos included as well, gives a good insight on Dungy's life and the road he has traveled.
Dungy's favorite sport at least growing up was basketball, was a two sport athlete through the beginning of college. I really recommend it, not to mention the sentimental and historic value.
Anyway that's my take...


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The Sports Hero Who Was a Real HeroCulture Watch
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As Americans, we often say that we want role models who reflect values we hold dear. But we deceive ourselves into believing that they're devoid of human frailties. For example, we deified President Kennedy, not only because he redefined the style of American politics with his good looks, quick wit and intelligence, but because his assassination represented the loss of the limitless potential we believed we enjoyed as a nation. But then we refused for a long time to admit that Kennedy was a philanderer who suffered from Addison's disease -- all too human weaknesses in both cases.
Similarly flawed are the anti-heroes of our popular culture. Sports has given us Allen Iverson of the Philadelphia 76ers, a trash-talker who, like the adolescents who adore him, believes that his only responsibility to the team comes on game day. Other anti-heroes, such as Michael Jackson and Madonna, thrive on the shock value of their music and are worshiped in part because of the personal abuse they suffered as children. We are left to wonder whether they deserve our pity more than our admiration.
To be sure, heroes come from many different backgrounds and are as diverse as their admirers. What made Lou Gehrig's example so enduring was that he was an ordinary person who was keenly aware of his human frailties and still managed to accomplish extraordinary things.
Born on June 19, 1903, in a tenement house on New York's Lower East Side, Gehrig grew up in poverty. He worked at odd jobs to contribute to his German immigrant family's income while struggling through school. Gehrig's hard work in the classroom and on the athletic field earned him a scholarship to Columbia College.
Had his ailing parents not needed the money to pay medical bills, "Columbia Lou" might well have completed his degree. Instead, he signed with the Yankees after his sophomore year in 1923 and made a virtue out of a necessity.
At 6 feet and 200 pounds, Gehrig was a strikingly handsome young man with a rock-solid physique that enabled him to become the premier clean-up hitter in baseball for most of his seventeen-year career. His statistical totals underscore his enduring status as an American sports hero. Year in and year out, he hit the ball with power, batted over .300, and almost always drove in more than 100 runs. He won five American League RBI titles and, in 1934, the coveted Triple Crown for leading the league in batting average (.363), home runs (49), and RBIs (165). Just as impressive are his .340 lifetime average and 493 career home runs. With Gehrig as clean-up hitter and first baseman, the Yankees captured seven pennants and six world championships.
From June 2, 1925 to May 2, 1939, when he benched himself "for the good of the team," Gehrig appeared in every game the Yankees played. Shaking off injuries, illnesses and even, in the last season of his career, the crippling disease that ultimately claimed his life, Gehrig played in a total of 2,130 games. That record, which earned him the nickname "the Iron Horse," stood for more than a half-century until Cal Ripken of the Baltimore Orioles eclipsed it on September 6, 1995.
The streak also defined Gehrig's character as few records have defined any other sports hero. His example of consistency, hard work and sheer pride in performance endeared him to the common man. Withdrawn, modest and unassuming by nature, Gehrig was happy to surrender the spotlight to more celebrated teammates such as Babe Ruth and Joe DiMaggio. He accepted his subordinate position without envy or resentment, admitting that he wasn't "a headline guy, just the Yankee who's in there every day."
Gehrig was cut down in the prime of his life by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which has come to be known as "Lou Gehrig's disease." Yet he confronted his nightmarish fate with grace and dignity. Instead of being bitter or trading on his name, he spent the last years of his life working a $6,000-a-year job as a New York City parole commissioner, writing letters of encouragement to other ALS victims, and cheering on his Yankees from the sidelines until his death on June 2, 1941.
Unlike so many other prominent figures whom we have elevated as heroes, Gehrig
never pretended to be anything more than a common person. In the process, his
humility taught us some valuable lessons about ourselves and the society in
which we live by inspiring us to pay attention to the better angels of our nature.
This piece was distributed for non-exclusive use by the History News Service, an informal syndicate of professional historians who seek to improve the public's understanding of current events by setting these events in their historical contexts. The article may be republished as long as both the author and the History News Service are clearly credited.
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Dave Thomas - 5/25/2003
Allen Iverson is not a hero because you don't like him. He is a hero to ghetto kids. Maybe he would act different if the America he grew up in didn't make his mom and him sleep in a car. Gehrig can stand on his own without attacking current "heros" you don't care for Mr. Kashaltus.
Joe Pulcinella - 4/25/2003
Actually, if you were as much of an economics buff as you are a history buff, you would conclude that pro sports today, because of the outrageous taxpayer-underwritten salaries, attract the very worst that society has to offer and society has some pretty terrible stuff to offer. So it is pretty safe to conclude that "love of the game" factors in much less today that in Gehrig's time.
Derek Catsam - 4/17/2003
No heroes? Apparently your students need a better teacher. Nelson Mandela, anyone?
Yes, Gehrig played in the sepia tones glory days of baseball. But for all of the advantages he'd have gotten with the 162 game season, he'd have also had to face relievers coming in and throwing 95 miles an hour, which is something he never had to deal with. Not to mention the black players he never played with or against. And as far as today's overpaid stars, pray tell how would Gehrig be paid were we to transport him to today? Pigs and chickens? Or are you just selectively using the time travel machine? Indicting an entire generation of players because they are able to utilize their marketability seems odd and anachronistic.
By the way, I love baseball's history, think Charles Alexander's book on baseball in the Great Depression era (Breaking the Slump, Columbia University Press) is one of the best baseball books in ages, and certainly would like to see some aspects of the old time game brought back. But don't try to sell this bill of goods about the old time players and their superiority. I'll take today's athletes over those in the 1930s any day of the week.
Gary Ostrower - 4/17/2003
Just remember, all you young kids out there: Gehrig's seasons contained 154 games, not the 162 enjoyed by today's overpaid stars. Some of his stats would be even more impressive were he to have played those additional games.
Incidentally, I recently adked a class to name their "heroes." The consensus: No heroes.
- The National Security Agency's own history of tracking of U.S. Citizens is flawed
- Before Trump vs. the NFL, there was Jackie Robinson vs. JFK
- Saudi Textbook Withdrawn Over Image of Yoda With King
- Israelis are celebrating the Kurds' bid for independence
- Wall Street Journal study finds that rural youths who enlisted after 9/11 shouldered the greatest burden for the nation's defense
- Jelani Cobb unloads on Trump's double standard of patriotism in the New Yorker
- Lonnie Bunch is astonished the African-American History Museum has become a pilgrimage site so fast
- Nancy Isenberg says what Americans think is exceptional about them is that they erased class distinctions
- Niall Ferguson's new book is a warning about the pernicious threat of networks
- Yale history department now emphasizing global history in undergraduate courses


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Prices shown in currencies other than US Dollars are estimates based on current exchange rates. We will charge your credit card in US Dollars on the day your order is shipped, and the conversion to your local currency will be done at the prevailing rate by your credit card issuer.
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You may have noticed this new acronym popping up on some of our products. RoHS stands for Restrictions on Hazardous Substances, and it's a directive that could have a huge impact on the production and disposal of consumer electronics. First adopted in Europe in 2006 (and later adopted in California in 2007), RoHS restricts the use of six dangerous substances in lots of common electronics. According to the official RoHS compliance Web site (www.rohs.eu), the RoHS symbol indicates that "new electrical and electronic equipment put on the market does not contain any of the six banned substances: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, poly-brominated biphenyls (PBB) or polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), in quantities exceeding maximum concentration values."
While some military and medical equipment is exempt from RoHS compliance, the electronics governed by the standard are among the most common you'll find in your home, from radios to MP3 players to cell phones and (increasingly) computers. In practical terms, the standard protects factory workers at the production level, sharply reducing their exposure to hazardous substances. The standard also has a profound impact on the disposal and recycling of electronics, in that disposed substances will no longer have at least six of the most hazardous chemicals formerly found in electronics, and recycled electronics will not expose workers to toxics as they harvest components.
The Over The Earphone single earpiece speaker looks unusual but it is comfortable, durable, and has good voice audio quality. We have some law enforcement and news program listeners who use it for steadfast listening where good comfort is a concern, along with still being able to hear when someone talks.
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Rod's Food Herbivore Blend Frozen Reef Food is a nutrient dense blend of high-quality ingredients designed to feed your entire coral reef aquarium. Particle size range from 5 micron up to 3/8 of an inch to satisfy filter feeders, corals, fish and other mixed reef inhabitants.
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There were plenty of twists and turns last week for the Buffalo Sabres. Tom Golisano submitted an informal bid and it was verbally accepted by the NHL. Buffalo also traded Vaclav Varada to the Ottawa Senators for forward Jakub Klepis, who was the Sens top pick last year. The biggest twist of fate was Friday night when the Sabres got the benefit of a "No goal" decision by the video judge that helped them beat none other than the Dallas Stars, the beneficiary of the biggest no-goal decision in the history of the league. That wiped out a tying goal by the Stars and the Sabres were able to capitalize on that by scoring another goal to take a 5-3 win over the Stars.
You are here: Home / SabresBeat / Varada trade, Golisano bid highlight Sabres week


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Anabolic steroids - uses and abuses
At a time when alleged abuses of performance-enhancing anabolic steroids (ABS) are making headlines in many professional and Olympic sports, questions about their use in horses also are coming to the forefront.
Based on a number of hearings, Congress appears close to legislating a ban on anabolic steroids in horseracing. The Jockey Club is seeking a crackdown to clean up the integrity of the sport and in recent months more than a dozen state racing jurisdictions have enacted or are considering controls on ABS in racing horses.
Most are adopting in some fashion the Racing Medication and Testing Consortium's (RMTC) updated model rules on anabolic and androgenic steroids (ANS), which it considers Class 4 drugs, "comprised primarily of therapeutic medications routinely used in racehorses. These may influence performance, but generally have a more limited ability to do so."The Thoroughbred Owners and Breeders Association (TOBA) asked all racing jurisdictions with graded stakes races to begin testing in January for anabolic steroids.
Meanwhile, Keeneland and Fasig-Tipton, two major Thoroughbred auction sales companies, have adopted the American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEP) guideline on the use of ABS in sales horses in Kentucky, "that no exogenous ABS be administered within 45 days of sale."
The various ABS and ANS drugs include boldenone, stanozolol, nandrolone and testosterone (TES), and "have been employed extensively in equine practice over the past 25 years," says Larry Soma, VMD, dipl. ACVA, professor of anesthesia and Marylin M. Simpson professor of veterinary medicine at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine.
"Their usefulness is largely dependent on subjective opinion, as only minimal studies have been carried out in horses," Soma explains.
"As with most things, anabolic steroids are useful when used appropriately," says Larry Bramlage, DVM, MS, dipl. ACVS, at Rood & Riddle Equine Hospital in Lexington Ky., a member of the AAEP Task Force on Medication Issues at Public Auction.
The AAEP task force guidelines say anabolic steroids "may be therapeutic for normal health care, but should have cleared the horse's system and should have no detectable level at the time of sale."
"I think they can be valuable in treating some problems, in people and in the horse, but the problem comes with abuse," Bramlage says.
"I don't think it's appropriate to have any anabolic steroids in the system of a horse when it is presented for sale. I think you could make a case for not having anabolic steroids on board for any stakes races, and for any filly races. Geldings are a tougher problem. Castration removes the natural source of anabolic steroids for the training gelding. They sometimes need it. That makes a case for use — but not for abuse."
Their effects on horses
The purported beneficial effects of ABS in improving racing performance are anecdotal at best, though there is evidence as to their effects on behavior and reproduction.
"The benefits of the therapeutic use of ABS remain questionable and numerous side effects have been reported," says Soma. Possible therapeutic value of ABS described in the older veterinary literature include correction of the tissue-depleting process after systemic disease, malnutrition, parasitism or wasting disease of old age; enhancing tissue repair post-surgery or injury; and increasing appetite and vigor.
Though veterinarians use them, few modern studies, if any, are available to show that they enhance tissue repair.
"Many veterinarians attest to gains in physical strength, stamina and mental attitude of performance horses," Soma says. "This is especially true of horses that have gone off feed and have a "stale" or "sour" attitude. The apparent improvement in athletic performance may be more of a change in behavior and aggressiveness than any specific effects in physiologic para-meters that affect performance."
"I think the therapeutic value is one that's been around for a period of time," says Kevin Dunlavy, DVM, equine practitioner at Churchill Downs, Ky., and at the Fairgrounds Racecourse in New Orleans.


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Net Price College Calculators
In the world of higher education, it's common to hear industry experts say that few students attending college pay full "sticker price," which is the official version of a college's total costs. Yet with nothing else to go on, many students end up basing their college search, and ultimate school selection, on just that--pure sticker price. But this may be about to change.
The Higher Education Act of 2008 required colleges to install "net price" calculators on their websites by the fall of 2011. "Net price" is what a student actually pays to attend a college, after subtracting merit aid and need-based grant aid from the sticker price. The government's intent in mandating net price calculators is to provide students with a more accurate picture earlier in their college search of what they will likely need to pay at specific colleges based on their own financial and academic circumstances.
The problem
Each year, colleges publish their sticker prices on their websites and written materials. In a typical scenario, a college's sticker price may cause a prospective student (and his or her parents) to cross that college off the list early in the selection process, even though the student may have had a very good chance of receiving merit or need-based grant aid that would have resulted in a much lower net price.
This scenario is likely to play out more frequently as more colleges surpass the $50,000 mark. According to the Chronicle of Higher Education, 100 colleges charged $50,000 or more for tuition, fees, room, and board in 2010/2011.
The net price difference
The idea behind net price calculators, which are expected to take about 15 minutes to complete, is to give students information at the beginning of their college search about the merit and need-based aid they are likely to receive from a particular college based on the student's own financial and academic position and the college's specific criteria for awarding grant aid. The intended result is a closer estimate of the true costs of attending a specific college, as compared to the figures provided by a general college cost calculator or the federal government's aid application, the FAFSA, which provides families with their expected family contribution but does not take into account the aid awarding criteria of individual colleges.
In the typical financial aid cycle, high school students don't find out about their net price costs (and out-of-pocket costs) until spring of senior year, when colleges send out their financial aid award letters to accepted students. But by then, it's too late to plan. The hope is that by using a net price calculator much earlier in the process, students can make more informed decisions.
Tip: "Net price" cost is different than "out-of-pocket" cost. Net price equals sticker price minus merit and need-based grant aid, while out-of-pocket cost equals net price minus work-study and federal student loans.
The calculator source
One final thing to consider: The federal government has created a net price calculator template that colleges can use on their websites to meet the calculator requirement. However, the early buzz from industry experts is that the government's "one-size-fits-all" calculator template doesn't always provide an accurate estimate of net price, especially for colleges that distribute a large amount of scholarships and merit aid. Rather, a calculator that is specifically tailored to a college's own aid awarding and packaging criteria is likely to offer a more accurate net price estimate. So if you run some numbers on a net price calculator, consider asking the college if they developed it or if they are using the federal government's calculator template.


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What is wrong with the IWC?
by, 01-29-2013 at 08:59 PM (6806 Views)
Hello again
This is now my second blog and somewhat a continuation of my previous blog which I recommend to many people.
You see my posts do not seem to reach a large portion of the IWC, of course, but I think they should because it seems like the IWC does not recognize it's flaws in relation to the WWE product and it's a shame becausethey are supposedly the "smart" fans.
The WWE is a business
It thrives on what generates most revenue, entertainment infused wrestling has transformed a modest promotion into a multi million dollar machine, this did not happen because wrestling was widely popular based on technical ability, but because they created a brand of entertainment that appealed to millions of viewers. That formula is what has been the basis of WWE's ongoing "progress", what generates revenue are factors like ratings, sponsorships, merchandise, attendance, PPVs. These number exist/spike because fans are vested in top drawing superstars, these fans are WWE's niche and largest drawing demographic. It is all basic formula that is necessary to keep it afloat as a company therefore not many risks will be taken, that may devastate the model, in order to please a minor portion of their fanbase
What that means is that they can keep rehashing the same material and only we will be flustered. Alot of the ideas the IWC think should happen is not what the majority desire (you think they are out of touch with the product? They hire PR workers and specialists)
That being said the people who are always on top are there because they are top draws which is a pivotal part in the business structure. This is why they main event constantly, why they must be kept happy, why the championship is somewhat irrelevant, why part timers are coming back to top spots. The WWE is in a very perile condition because alot of factors (unrelated to wrestling) but the lack of star power plays a significant part.
WWE is like a record label with various artists, if only a few acts are making hits you have a problem.
You can't blame cena for main eventing over punk or rock/Brock for coming back because your beloved workers are doing NOTHING for their company but bitching about spots they don't deserve.
Speaking of talent
Alot of you have favorites which is not a problem, the issue is that you seem to overrate them for lack of exposure (some even turn on them when they get pushes) Virtually noone on the roster is talented enough to be pushed, regardless of how good they can sell moves or how technical they are. The new blood with most potential are ryback, Ryder, Cesaro, Ambrose, ziggler, sandow and, for some reason, sheamus. I see NOONE else with midcard or main event potential and even this lists pales in comparison to a company that once had so many draws they had a legitimate brand split. When you have such a sparse roster you need part timers and old angles to rely on. When every past star is gone and cena retires you will see a very different product.
Your opinion
You are never satisfied, you like to pride yourself on being the smart fan but behave like grown children, instead of thinking rationally you constantly rant because your favorites aren't winning or being used in the way you see fit. CM punk was a low drawing champion yet held the title for 400 days then lost it to a legend...You cry because he didnt put over someone from the dense roster? Zack Ryder gets the US championship and you call him stale? Rock comes back after years and you complain that he's taking spots? The shield debuts and you dont give them time to fall into place before you call them stale and some of you actually think the MIZ is good (heel or face)
What you are is an adult version of their child fanbase, you'll still tune in, you'll still criticize creative, you'll still be dissatisfied without acknowledging the ramifications of your propositions. You need to begin thinking objectively, the product is PG and entertainment sells overs wrestling.
Again I tried to be concise, I left out a few details but this was the basis of what strikes me about the IWC and what I witness here in forums and blogs. I'll be more than happy to elaborate