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111th CONGRESS
1st Session
April 29, 2009
Ms. Jackson-Lee of Texas (for herself, Ms. Bordallo, Mr. Luetkemeyer, Ms. Kilroy, Ms. Zoe Lofgren of California, and Mr. Thompson of Mississippi) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce
To promote and encourage the valuable public service, disaster relief, and emergency communications provided on a volunteer basis by licensees of the Federal Communications Commission in the Amateur Radio Service, by undertaking a study of the uses of amateur radio for emergency and disaster relief communications, by identifying unnecessary or unreasonable impediments to the deployment of Amateur Radio emergency and disaster relief communications, and by making recommendations for relief of such unreasonable restrictions so as to expand the uses of amateur radio communications in Homeland Security planning and response.
Short title
This Act may be cited as the
Amateur Radio Emergency Communications
Enhancement Act of 2009.
The Congress finds the following:
Nearly 700,000 amateurs radio operators in the United States are licensed by the Federal Communications Commission in the Amateur Radio Service.
Amateur Radio operators provide, on a volunteer basis, a valuable public service to their communities, their States, and to the Nation, especially in the area of national and international disaster communications.
Emergency and disaster relief communications services by volunteer Amateur Radio operators have consistently and reliably been provided before, during, and after floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, forest fires, earthquakes, blizzards, train accidents, chemical spills, and other disasters. These communications services include services in connection with significant examples, such as hurricanes Katrina, Rita, Hugo, and Andrew; the relief effort at the World Trade Center, and the Pentagon following the 2001 terrorist attacks; and the Oklahoma City bombing in April 1995.
Amateur Radio has formal agreements for the provision of volunteer emergency communications activities with the Department of Homeland Security, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Weather Service, the National Communications System, and the Association of Public Safety Communications Officials, as well as with disaster relief agencies, including the American National Red Cross and the Salvation Army.
The Congress
passed Public Law 103–408 which was signed by the President on October 22,
1994. This included in Section 1 the following finding of Congress:
Reasonable accommodation should be made for the effective operation of
amateur radio from residences, private vehicles and public areas, and the
regulation at all levels of government should facilitate and encourage amateur
radio operation as a public benefit.
The Congress passed Public Law 109–295
which was signed by the President on October 4, 2006. This included a provision
in the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations legislation for fiscal
year 2007 that directed the Department's Regional Emergency Communications
Coordinating Working Group to coordinate their activities with
ham and
amateur radio operators among the eleven other emergency organizations
such as ambulance services, law enforcement, and others.
Amateur Radio, at no cost to taxpayers, provides a fertile ground for technical self-training in modern telecommunications, electronic technology, and emergency communications techniques and protocols.
There is a strong Federal interest in the effective performance of Amateur Radio stations, and that performance must be given support at all levels of government and given protection against unreasonable regulation and impediments to the provision of these valuable communications.
Study of enhanced uses of amateur radio in emergency and disaster relief communication, and for relief of restrictions
The Secretary of Homeland Security—
shall undertake a study on the uses and capabilities of Amateur Radio communications in emergencies and disaster relief; and
shall report its findings to Congress not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act.
Scope of the study
The study required by this section shall—
include recommendations—
for enhancements in the voluntary deployment of Amateur Radio licensees in disaster and emergency communications and disaster relief efforts; and
for improved integration of Amateur Radio operators in planning and in furtherance of the Department of Homeland Security initiatives;
identify unreasonable or unnecessary impediments to enhanced Amateur Radio communications, such as the effects of private land use regulations on residential antenna installations; and
make recommendations regarding such impediments; and
include an evaluation of section 207 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (Public Law 104–104, 110 Stat. 56 (1996)); and
make a recommendation whether that section should be modified to prevent unreasonable private land use restrictions that impair the ability of an amateur radio operator licensed by the Federal Communications Commission to conduct, or prepare to conduct, emergency communications by means of effective outdoor antennas and support structures at reasonable heights and dimensions for the purpose, in residential areas.
Use of expertise and information
In conducting the study required by this section, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall—
utilize the expertise of the American Radio Relay League, representing the National Amateur Radio community; and
seek information from private and public sectors for the study.


text: Help Out: Nov. 4, 2012 By Staff reports November 3, 2012 Story Share Shopping benefitPINCH, W.Va. -- More than 20 vendors will offer a wide selection of jewelry, home party goods, foods, purses, hand-crafted items and more at the "Shop Till You Drop" sale Nov. 10.The sale will take place from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. at Our Lady of the Hills Catholic Church, Pinch, near Indian Creek Fishing Lake, and is sponsored by the GFWC Elk Valley Woman's Club.Seasonal cards benefiting the Kids Cancer Fund at WVU Children's Hospital in Morgantown will be sold. Refreshments will be available throughout the day.All proceeds from the sale will help provide healthy weekend food for children in the Pinch-Elkview area whose only access to nutritional meals is at school. For more details, contact Marilyn Spencer 304-965-5377 or firstname.lastname@example.com Meal needsCHARLESTON, W.Va. -- Charleston's oldest and largest soup kitchen, Manna Meal, needs church, school, civic and other groups to organize food, hat and glove drives. Manna Meal will help groups plan and organize the drives.Items most needed are canned meats -- Spam/Treet, tuna, chicken, Vienna sausages, potted meat, salmon, clams, oysters, ham, -- canned fruits with flip-top lids, men's gloves, men's hats and men's wool socks.Items may be dropped off from 7 a.m. to 1 p.m., or call ahead, seven days a week at St. John's Episcopal Church's kitchen door, off the back alley.Huntington's group CHARLESTON, W.Va. -- A Huntington's disease support group will meet from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. Nov. 10 at Saint Francis Hospital. Meetings are for patients, families, caregivers, at-risk or anyone affected by Huntington's disease. For more information, contact Debbie Armstrong at 304-549-3266 or firstname.lastname@example.com for Alzheimer'sCHARLESTON, W.Va. -- The National Comedy Theatre, from New York, will perform Nov. 10 at the Charleston Light Opera Guild Theater in a benefit for the West Virginia Chapter of the Alzheimer's Association.The evening begins at 6 p.m. with a cash bar and ticket auction, followed at 7 p.m. with improvisational comedians performing a series of games and scenes based on audience suggestions. The show is appropriate for all ages.Tickets are $20 a person or $75 for two tickets, premium seating and open bar. The Guild Theater is at 411 Tennessee Ave. All proceeds from the event will benefit Angel's Perch, a feature film being produced in partnership with the West Virginia Chapter of the Alzheimer's Association. For more information, visit http://angelsperch.com/comedy-for-a-cause-benefit-performance.Holiday grief supportCHARLESTON, W.Va. -- HospiceCare is holding a six-week holiday grief and loss support group through the Thanksgiving, Hanukkah and Christmas seasons. The group will meet weekly at 6 p.m. every Tuesday from Nov. 13 to Dec. 18 at HospiceCare's main office, 1606 Kanawha Blvd. W., Charleston.To register for the holiday group, call Jill Duffield, in HospiceCare's Grief and Loss Department, at 304-768-8523, or toll-free at 800-560-8523.HospiceCare's satellite office in Madison will also offer a holiday support group for Boone County area residents from 1 to 3 p.m. Nov. 15 and 29 and Dec. 6, 13 and 20 at 467 Main St. To register, call 304-369-0183. For more information about HospiceCare and its programs, visit www.hospicecarewv.org.Christmas shoeboxesCHARLESTON, W.Va. -- Volunteers will be filling shoeboxes with toys, school supplies and hygiene items for needy children overseas Nov. 12-19.Packed shoeboxes can be dropped off at several collection sites in the Charleston area. Operation Christmas Child is part of the evangelism organization Samaritan's Purse, headed by evangelist and missionary Franklin Graham.Collection sites and hours are:Rand First Church of the Nazarene, 305 Davidson Ave., 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Nov. 12-18, noon to 5 p.m. Nov. 18, and 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Nov. 19. Gordon Killion, collection site coordinator, 304-925-7336.Oakwood Baptist Church, 855 Oakwood Road, 1:30 to 7 p.m. Nov. 12-16, 1:30 to 5 p.m. Nov. 17 and 18, and 9 a.m. to noon Nov. 19. Sheila Huffman, collection site coordinator, 304-344-2134.Cross Lanes Baptist Church, 102 Knollwood Drive, Cross Lanes, 3 to 8 p.m. Nov. 12-16, 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Nov. 17, 1 to 5 p.m. Nov. 18 and 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Nov. 19. Diane Leeper, collection site coordinator, 304-380-2252.Highlawn Baptist Church, 2304 Jefferson Ave., St. Albans, noon to 4 p.m. Nov. 12, 2 to 6 p.m. Nov. 13 and 14, 2 to 8 p.m. Nov. 15, noon to 7 p.m. Nov. 16, noon to 6 p.m. Nov. 17, 2 to 6 p.m. Nov. 18, and 10 a.m. to noon Nov. 19. Nancy House, collection site coordinator, 304-552-3372.Alum Creek Church of the Nazarene, 1342 Childress Road, Alum Creek, 6 to 8 p.m. Nov. 12-16, 10 a.m. to noon Nov. 17 and 18, and 8 to 10 a.m. Nov. 19. Theda Workman, collection site coordinator, 304-545-4739.For more information on how to participate in Operation Christmas Child, visit www.samaritanspurse.org/occ. Story Share Story Share Trending Now 1 Deer in 8 WV counties found dead from EHD 2 New company planning $73M synthetic fuel plant in Greenbrier County 3 WVU law professor announces run for Congress 4 YWCA Charleston's Women of Achievement to be honored in March 5 St. Albans rallies to beat Riverside, 21-17 Book Notes: Nov. 4, 2012 Previous Story Live Life Fully: What happens to you when your routine is interrupted? Next Story

subset: commoncrawl


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terbinafine topical (generic name)
It is used to treat certain kinds of fungal or yeast infections of the skin
(TER bin a feen)
Table of Contents
Top Learning Centers(Recursos en Español)
What is this medicine?TERBINAFINE (TER bin a feen) is an antifungal medicine. It is used to treat certain kinds of fungal or yeast infections of the skin.
What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
How should I use this medicine?This medicine is for external use only. Do not take by mouth. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Wash your hands before and after use. If treating hand or nail infections, wash hands before use only. Apply enough product to cover the affected skin or nail and surrounding area. Do not cover the treated area with a bandage or dressing unless your doctor or health care professional tells you to. Do not get this medicine in your eyes. If you do, rinse out with plenty of cool tap water. Use this medicine at regular intervals. Do not use more often than directed. Finish the full course prescribed even if you think your are better. Do not skip doses or stop using this medicine early.
Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed.
What if I miss a dose?If you miss a dose, apply it as soon as you can. If it is almost time for your next dose, use only that dose. Do not use double or extra doses.
What may interact with this medicine?Interactions are not expected. Do not use any other skin products on the affected area without telling your doctor or health care professional.
What should I watch for while using this medicine?Tell your doctor or health care professional if your symptoms do not improve after 1 week. Some fungal infections can take a long time to be cured. Be sure to finish your full course of treatment.
After bathing, make sure to dry your skin completely. Most types of fungus live in moist environments. Wear clean socks and clothing every day.
What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
Where should I keep my medicine?Keep out of the reach of children.
Store at room temperature between 5 abd 25 degrees C (41 and 77 degrees F). Do not refrigerate. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.
Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.


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ConversionsScience brain teasers require understanding of the physical or biological world and the laws that govern it.
When you convert from an English measurement to a Metric measurement, you multiply by a number. For example, to find out how many kilograms are in 10 pounds, you multiply 10 by .454. To find out how many meters are in 10 yards, you multiply 10 by .914. This is the procedure for every conversion except for one. When you convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius, you subtract 32 and multiply by 1/9.
Why does the temperature conversion require a subtraction and a multiplication, while all the other conversions require just a multiplication?
HintCompare the zeros.
AnswerFor distance, weight, and every other measure, a result of zero is the same no matter what the units are. The temperature scales, however, have arbitrary zeros. This means that 0 degrees Celsius and 0 degrees Fahrenheit are not the same temperature.
(As an interesting side note, the Kelvin and Rankine scales both have their 0 degrees set to Absolute Zero, so you can convert from one to the other with a simple multiplication.)
What Next?
See another brain teaser just like this one...
Or, just get a random brain teaser
If you become a registered user you can vote on this brain teaser, keep track of
which ones you have seen, and even make your own.
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Mind Calamity wrote:I wonder if you're using a physics library? The air/spacecraft movement was awesome.
DavlexDesign wrote:Very nice stuff, the info you provided is great, and what I wouldn't give to have all that in my system mate.
tod wrote:Do you use paged geometry for your plants? Or only for smaller stuff. I ask because I have some issues with impostors for big meshes.
SunSailor wrote:What are your plans for distribution? Any deals made yet?
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Easier shopping for customers with disabilities
We're committed to making our stores and services accessible to everyone. If you need any help at all, please call or ask us in store and we'll do everything we can to make things easier for you. You can either choose to visit our stores in person, or order most goods by phone or the internet for home delivery. Goods ordered by phone can be delivered to a room of your choice.
We also offer an audio CD version of our services and many of the products in the catalogue. Please call 01435 862 737 for a copy.
How to shop in store
All you need to do is follow these 4 easy steps
How to shop from home
You can also shop from home by telephone or using our website www.argos.co.uk. Items can be delivered to any address (UK mainland and Northern Ireland). We only charge £5.95 for small items and £8.95 for larger items, this is per order and not per item, so if you've got lots to get it's a good idea to order it all at the same time. Please check your catalogue; argos.co.uk, or call the number below for more details.
We can deliver to a room of your choice, too!
Shop by telephone
You can use either of these numbers to place an order for home delivery:
Minicom service (you will need a textphone) 0870 600 60 11
0870 600 20 20.
Whether you want to make or check on your order or just change a delivery date, we're only a phone call away. To enquire about existing orders you can use either the Minicom service as above or 0870 600 89 90.
Shop online
You can also shop on line on www.argos.co.uk
Browse the catalogue and see all the latest products and prices at argos.co.uk. You can order items for home delivery or check stock and reserve them at your local store.
If you require any other information regardingspecific stores or have any questions or suggestions, please use the feedback facility above


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MIAMI - On Thursday, NOAA updated its seasonal hurricane forecast calling for 12 to 17 named storms, five to eight hurricanes, and two to three major hurricanes. These numbers include the six named storms that have already occurred over the Atlantic Basin.
The numbers are also consistent with the updated forecast released last week by respected seasonal forecasters Klotzbach and Gray from Colorado State University.
The most frequently asked question that I get is "What kind of a hurricane season are we going to have?"
While there is some skill in forecasting the number of storms on a seasonal basis for the entire Atlantic Basin, these numbers alone don't say anything about where or when or even if the tropical cyclones will hit land. What most people really want to know is if there will be a hurricane over their community, and no one can tell you that with any certainty.
Hurricane Andrew in 1992 taught South Florida that it is not all about the numbers. It just takes that one hurricane over our community to make for a bad year.
These seasonal outlooks should have absolutely nothing to do with our preparedness plans. If we live in South Florida, we should be prepared no matter what the numbers are in the seasonal forecast.
Local 10's Hurricane Survival Guide provides excellent preparedness tips as we head into what is historically the peak of the Atlantic hurricane season.
Copyright 2012 by Post Newsweek. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Keeping Your Coke Position Bubbly
Many otherwise normal people are hooked on a substance of dubious necessity, yet is consumed and desired on a worldwide basis: Coca-Cola (KO) stock. Among these people is billionaire Warren Buffett -- who is, through Berkshire Hathaway (BRK.A), one of the biggest holders of these shares.
When it comes to Coke, those who had simply bought and held 10 years ago have done well. Almost the entire return from that decade came post-financial crisis, from March 2009 to the present. If you entered the trade at peak valuations, such as in 2004 and 2007, it often would have taken years for the position to get back to even. See the red, double-headed arrows on the chart below for the timing and evidence of these periods....441 more words left in this article. To read them, just click below and try Real Money FREE for 14 days.
There's no substitute for a trading floor to get great ideas, so Jim Cramer created a better one at Real Money and blogs there exclusively. We then added legendary hedge fund manager, Doug Kass, with his exclusive Daily Diary and best investing ideas. Staffed with more than 4 dozen investing pros, money managers, journalists and analysts, Real Money Pro gives you a flood of opinions, analysis and actionable trading advice found nowhere else, and allows you to interact directly with each expert.
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'"You always want to play and I felt like I could do more for the organization," Biron said of playing a backup role in Buffalo. "They gave me a shot this year to be able to be part of it a little bit more but at the end, it was understandable that something had to be done."'
You are here: Home / SabresBeat / Buffalo Sabres trade goaltender Martin Biron to Philadelphia, acquire Conklin


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Yujin Steel Cologne
By Ella Mikao for Men
Yujin Steel Cologne by Ella Mikao, This woody fragrance for men is zen in a bottle . Top notes are bergamot coriander, cardamom that relax and rejuvenate. Heart notes are geranium, orris, and aromatic cedar wood. The base notes are patchouli, tonka bean, moss. The overall feeling is cool and composed and this scent is recommended for office wear. All products are original, authentic name brands. We do not sell knockoffs or imitations. ... Read More
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Customer Comments
Great place to shop. They had what I was looking for and at a great price. Delivery was as promised. I will shop with them again and let all my friends know about them!
S. Joseph (Moyock, NC)


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Josh Laskowski
Josh Laskowski is happy to be playing country music again on US1059 each Saturday from 2PM to 7PM.
In his spare time, Josh is owner and operator of Eye CU Photo Booths. He also spends a lot of time on his new house he purchased in October 2012.
Josh moved to Champaign Urbana in 2007 after spending time in Chicago, Minneapolis/St. Paul and his hometown of Decatur, IL. Josh is very active in the community MCing various events and serving on several committees including Freedom Celebration and Sweetcorn Festival to name a few.
Josh graduated from Brown College in Mendota Heights, MN in 2004 with his degree in radio broadcasting. Josh lives in Urbana.


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RECIPES: Recipe Details
Zinfully Delicious Burger
This is a receipe that I created specifically for a Zinfandel wine tasting party that we had at our home in Prescott. The burgers were a big hit.
1 ounce EVOO - to coat the grill
1 - 14.5 ounce can black beans
1 cup Zinfandel wine – a good wine that you would like to drink (I prefer Pezzi King or Wilson)
½ cup sun-dried tomato
½ pound brie
– soft 6 Chiabatta buns
1 pound each chuck and sirloin steak - ground
2 teaspoons garlic salt
1 teaspoon ground pepper – course
2 teaspoon paprika
¼ pound butter
½ cup bread crumbs
1 extra-large red onion
1 large head Radicchio
½ cup mayonnaise
preparation time – ½ hour cooking time – minutes [1] in a small pot, cook the beans and Zinfandel until the liquid is reduced to a thick sauce – 10 to 15 minutes [2] melt the butter in a small pot – 1 minute [3] mix the two ground beef varieties with the garlic salt and pepper [4] press the beef into 12 thin patties – it takes two patties to make up one burger [5] brush the "outsideâ€Â (one side only) of each patty with butter [6] lightly coat the "outsideâ€Â with bread crumbs and paprika [7] press the crumbs and paprika gently into the beef [8] cut the sun-dried tomato into small strips [9] remove the crust from the brie [10] mix the sun-dried tomato and brie together [11] gently spread the brie/sun-dried tomato mixture onto the "insideâ€Â of 6 patties (bread crumbs & paprika to the outside) [12] top each of the above patties with the remaining 6 patties (bread crumbs & paprika to the outside) and work the edges together to seal in the mixture [13] cut the red onion to obtain 6 large slices [14] separate the Radicchio leaves from the head [15] cut the buns in half [16] grill the buns to a light brown – ½ to 1 minute [17] grill the burger to medium rare – 2 to 3 minutes per side [18] combine the ingredients in the following order… bottom bun – beef patty – tablespoon of bean mixture – red onion ring – several leaves of Radicchio – mayonnaise to taste – top bun [19] serve immediately
Region 5 Beef burger category


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MANY HUGS. It is such a shame that those of us who are very sick must go through so much just to prove how sick we are. Our healthcare system does not make sense!
I can't help you much about the MTX. My great rheumy in Texas started me on it at the lowest level, saying that we would increase the dose later. Then I moved, and my current rheumy won't even talk to me about dosage - she just left it the same. She also only orders blood work once a year (it's supposed to be done at least every three months with MTX). I've just quit taking it until I go back to Texas.
I've had the same thing happen with the Plaquenil. The good rheumy started me on 100 mg, then upped it to 200 mg (one pill) per day, saying that we would gradually increase to two per day. The new one left me on one pill per day. I think that I'm on the bare minimum to get by until I move back - sigh!
I hope that it all kicks in and helps you soon.


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LAURA Halford hardly expected one medal from the Commonwealth Games let alone three – but she insists she must capitalise on her surprise success as quickly as possible.
Halford enjoyed three glorious days in the rhythmic gymnastics arena at the Hydro in Glasgow, first winning team silver with Wales and then claiming double bronze individually.
The 18-year-old was third in the individual all-around final a day after her team success on Thursday and then on Saturday managed to claw another bronze in the individual ball final.
Halford competed in three finals on the closing day – also fifth in the hoop and eighth in the ribbon – and she now wants her medal haul to mean something to others as well her as herself.
"I can't even imagine what it's going to be like going back home," she said. "I hope lots of new children are inspired to train and start rhythmic gymnastics.
"It is not a popular sport at all so for more people to get interested in it is amazing. It was just really great.
"I was pleased just to get to the finals and to get a medal in the ball was just incredible. It's hard to put into words how amazing this experience has been.
"I've exceeded all my expectations. I now know that I can compete in these huge arenas and in front of the big crowds.
"And that gives me so much confidence for the future, the whole Games for me and Team Wales has been incredible."
Indeed as of Sunday morning rhythmic gymnastics had contributed eight of Wales's medals so far at these Commonwealth Games – Halford with two individually, Frankie Jones with five and also their team success.
Jones, flagbearer for Wales during the opening ceremony on Wednesday, claimed gold in the ribbon final in which Halford finished eighth and there was nothing but pride from teammate to teammate.
"I am just so proud of her. She's been training with me for two years and she has been through so much," Halford added.
"She's so pleased just to be at these Games so for her to do so well is just incredible. She's inspiring so many younger children and she's inspiring me as well."


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BP Comment Quick Links
|Strength of Schedule Report
November 5, 2013
Minor League Update
AFL Recap for Games of November 4
Hitter of the Day: Yorman Rodriguez, RF, Reds (Glendale Desert Dogs): 2-4, 2 R, 2 HR, 2 K. This game perhaps epitomizes Rodriguez as well as any game by any prospect has this fall. The Reds have dreamt on Rodriguez's power for years and while it has showed up in sports in the minors, it hasn't yet developed completely the way they had hoped. Much of that has to do with his unrefined approach, which leads to swings at bad pitches and big strikeout numbers. This game had both.
Pitcher of the Day: Andrew Heaney, LHP, Marlins (Glendale Desert Dogs): 5 IP, 3 H, 2 R, 0 BB, 1 K. There weren't many dominant pitching performances on Monday, so a good outing from a great prospect gets the honor. Heaney wasn't his normal dominant self on Monday, but he doesn't give up any extra base runners, so even when he doesn't have his best swing-and-miss stuff he can still be quite effective.
Seeing it Well
Finding the Zone
Bad Days at the Plate
Forgettable Outings
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North Carolina university researchers are sponsoring a session on a mobile cooling unit developed at the university.
At the Nov. 27 Southeast Vegetable and Fruit Expo in Myrtle Beach, S.C., researchers with N.C. State University's Plants for Human Health Institute plan to demonstrate how to use the Pack 'N Cool refrigerated trailer developed to preserve fruits and vegetables during transport to farmers markets.
The Kannapolis-based institute's session, "Capitalize on Commodity Postharvest," is designed to help growers discover ways to use technology for more affordable cooling systems, according to a news release.
Information on postharvest quality, including produce condition, shelf life and cooling system costs are part of the session.
"We will provide low-cost solutions for growers who want to increase their product while keeping infrastructure costs down," Penelope Perkins-Veazie, a postharvest physiologist and institute professor, said in the release. "Growers doing direct market, local grown or farm-to-table programs should find the session especially valuable."
The session includes tours of a forced-air cooler and the institute's mobile refrigeration trailer.
In its 27th year, the expo is organized by the North Carolina Vegetable Growers Association in association with the university, the South Carolina Fruit, Vegetable and Specialty Crop Association and Clemson University.


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Mail: Southern statues symbolize suppession
Mail: Thanks for helping Aiden
More opinion
Fall: Good time to spray musk thistle in rosette stage
Robertson and Delsing re-elected chair, vice chair of NWB
More Ag News
Early each October, churches of various denominations predominantly Catholic, Episcopal, and Lutheran open their doors to all creatures great and small to honor St. Francis of Assisi (ca. 1181-1226), the patron saint of animals. St. Frances is universally recognized as their spiritual protector and is remembered with a service known simply as the Blessing of the Animals.
The ceremony is intended to reconnect people with the importance of animals in their lives and in Gods plan of creation, says Fr. Tim Goldrick, from St. Bernard Catholic Church in Freetown, Mass. Besides, its fun!
Fr. Tim remembers a dog from past years who returned again several years ago, but this time in an urn. Seems he died of old age and was cremated, he says. Maybe I said the wrong prayer last time!
From coast to coast, the furry congregations are comprised mostly of dogs and cats, but fish, snakes, rabbits, horses, goats, and birds are commonly brought in by devoted owners.
During his 14 years at New York Citys St. John the Divine, Canon Charles Pridemore says he has presided over some big services with equally big visitors, including elephants and camels.
Along these lines, Director of Liturgy Johan van Parys at St. Marys Basilica, Minn., has also experienced some animal super-sizing. Several years ago, we had a yak walk down the center aisle of the church during the parade of animals to begin the ceremony, he recalled of his woolly visitor.
While some churches prefer to hold an informal animal blessing outdoors, Rev. June Wilkins at St. Martins Evangelical Lutheran Church in Austin, Tx., welcomes animals in the pews. Although the potential for mayhem and murder may seem inevitable when natural mortal enemies are thrust closely together, she says few instances of chaos have occurred. We have had no accidents, the barking is at a minimum, and there have been no fights, she says. They are better behaved than some of the humans!
It never ceases to amaze me that the animals seem to put aside inter-species issues, adds Geoffrey Brown, Vestry Clerk at Trinity Episcopal Church, Lime Rock, Conn., who has seen all the animals remain tranquil throughout their services.
However, Rev. Richard Laribee, of St. Marks Episcopal Church in Highland, Md., has a bone to pick about claims of saintly animal behavior during the ceremony. I think thats an urban legend! he says. Weve had to remove some dogs who were barking so loudly we couldnt hear ourselves sing.
And occasionally, the non-human parishioners have behaved like, well, animals.
On the West Coast, Father Hartshorn Murphy at St. Augustine by-the-Sea Episcopal Church always welcomes the Santa Monica mounted police unit each year. But during one ceremony, he was on the verge of drafting them for a search and rescue mission.
A little girl panicked because she thought her hamster Elvis had escaped his cage, says Fr. Murphy. And with a very well-satisfied looking snake also in attendance, people began to fear that temptation had got the better of the serpent.
It seems, however, that Elvis was just all shook up at the sight of the reptile, for he was eventually discovered cowering beneath a pile of wood shavings in his cage.
Then too, theres always the odd unruly heckler not yet touched by the Holy Spirit. Over the years, says Steven Rottgers of Holy Cross Episcopal Church in Trussville, Ala., he has blessed his fair share of goats, ducks, gerbils, alligators, pigs and even a piranha. But during one service it was necessary to seek repentance for a very vocal myna bird. The previous owners had taught the bird to cuss! he says.
Despite the occasional fall from grace, most critters seem to put their best foot, hoof or claw forward as they receive their blessing, and most ministers said they see the service gaining popularity in their communities.
I hope we are seeing a movement toward the stewardship of creation, conservation of endangered species, and care for the animal kingdom, says Rev. Rottgers. Its a way to also show how animals are part of our life as family.
Thomas' features have appeared in more than 200 magazines and newspapers. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com
Flatrock Publishing, Inc.
1300 E 4th St., Suite F
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text:
Release Notes for Cisco Wireless LAN Controllers and Lightweight Access Points for Release 220.127.116.11
Cisco Unified Wireless Network Solution Components
Special Notice for Mesh Networks
Upgrading to a New Software Release
Special Rules for Upgrading to Controller Software Release 220.127.116.11
FCC Safety Compliance Statement
One-Time Password (OTP) Support
Crash Files for 1250 Series Access Points
Port Mirroring Not Supported on Some Controller Platforms
Configuration File Stored in XML Format
40-MHz Channels in the 2.4-GHz Band
Impact of External Antenna Gain on Transmit Power
Supporting Oversized Access Point Images
Cisco 1250 Series Access Points and Cisco 7920 IP Phones
MAC Filtering for WGB Wired Clients
CKIP Not Supported with Dynamic WEP
Synchronizing the Controller and Location Appliance
UNII-2 Channels Disabled on New 1000 Series Access Points for United States, Canada, and Philippines
FCC DFS Support on 1130 Series Access Points
Inaccurate Transmit Power Display
Setting the Retransmit Timeout Value for TACACS+ Servers
Configuring an Access Point's Prestandard Power Setting
1000 Series Access Points and Radar Detection
Controller Functions that Require a Reboot
Resetting the Configuration on 2006 Controllers
Rate-Limiting on the Controller
Pings Supported to the Management Interface of the Controller
Pinging from a Network Device to a Controller Dynamic Interface
4400 Series Controllers Do Not Forward Subnet Broadcasts through Guest Tunnel
Connecting 1100 and 1300 Series Access Points
Preventing Clients from Accessing the Management Network on a Controller
Voice Wireless LAN Configuration
Changing the IOS LWAPP Access Point Password
Exclusion List (Blacklist) Client Feature
RADIUS Servers and the Management VLAN
Cisco 1000 Series Access Points and WMM
Cisco Aironet 1030 Remote Edge Lightweight Access Point s and WPA2-PSK
Lightweight Access Point Connection Limitations
Management Usernames and Local Netuser Names
802.1X and Microsoft Wireless Configuration Manager
Home Page Retains Web Authentication Login with IE 5.x
Rogue Location Discovery Protocol (RLDP)
Changing the Default Values of SNMP Community Strings
Changing the Default Values for SNMP v3 Users
Features Not Supported on 2000 and 2100 Series Controllers
Some Clients See Only 64 Access Point MAC Addresses (BSSIDs) at a Time
2006 Image Not Supported for 3504 Controllers
Running a 3504 Image on a 2000 Series Controller
Upgrading External Web Authentication
Obtaining Documentation, Support, and Security Guidelines
These release notes describe open and resolved caveats for software release 126.96.36.199 for Cisco 2000, 2100, and 4400 Series Wireless LAN Controllers; Cisco Wireless Services Modules (WiSM); Cisco Wireless LAN Controller Network Modules; Catalyst 3750G Integrated Wireless LAN Controller Switches; Cisco 3201 Wireless Mobile Interface Cards (WMICs); and Cisco Aironet 1000, 1100, 1130, 1200, 1230AG, 1240, 1250, and 1300 Series Lightweight Access Points, which comprise part of the Cisco Unified Wireless Network (UWN) Solution.
Note Unless otherwise noted, all of the Cisco wireless LAN controllers are hereafter referred to as controllers, and all of the Cisco lightweight access points are hereafter referred to as access points.
The following components are part of the Cisco UWN Solution and are compatible in this release:
Note Only Cisco WCS 18.104.22.168, 5.2, and 6.0 support controllers running software release 22.214.171.124.
Note Only Cisco Aironet 1200 Series Access Points that contain 802.11g (AIR-MP21G) or second-generation 802.11a radios (AIR-RM21A or AIR-RM22A) are supported for use with controller software releases. The AIR-RM20A radio, which was included in early 1200 series access point models, is not supported. To see the type of radio module installed in your access point, enter this command on the access point: show controller dot11radio n, where n is the number of the radio (0 or 1).
Note The 1250 series access points have a hardware limitation where beacons can only be output at intervals that are multiples of 17 milliseconds. When these APs are configured for a 100-millisecond beacon interval, they transmit beacons every 102 milliseconds. Similarly, when the beacon interval is configured for 20 milliseconds, these APs transmit beacons every 17 milliseconds.
Note Do not upgrade to controller software release 184.108.40.206 if you have mesh access points in your network. If your network uses mesh access points, use only mesh-specific releases. These releases are labeled MESH in the Software Center.
Note Cisco WCS software release 18.104.22.168 may be used to manage both mesh and non-mesh controllers (such as controllers running software release 22.214.171.124 and 18.104.22.168M). You do not need different instances of WCS to manage mesh and non-mesh controllers.
The controller GUI requires the following operating system and web browser:
Note Internet Explorer 6.0 SP1 or higher is the only browser supported for accessing the controller GUI and for using web authentication.
Software is factory installed on your controller and automatically downloaded to the access points after a release upgrade and whenever an access point joins a controller. As new releases become available for the controllers and their access points, consider upgrading.
Note The Cisco WiSM requires software release SWISMK9-32 or later. The Supervisor 720 12.2(18)SXF2 supports the Cisco WiSM software release 18.104.22.168 or later, and the Supervisor 720 12.2(18)SXF5 (Cisco IOS Software Modularity) supports the Cisco WiSM software release 18.104.22.168 (with Cisco IOS Software Modularity).
Note To use the Cisco WiSM in the Cisco 7609 and 7613 Series Routers, the routers must be running Cisco IOS Release 12.2(18)SXF5 or later.
Note The Cisco Wireless LAN Controller Network Module is supported on Cisco 28/37/38xx Series Integrated Services Routers running Cisco IOS Release 12.4(11)T2, 12.4(11)T3, and 12.5.
Note When you use the controller in the Catalyst 3750G Wireless LAN Controller Switch, the 3750 should not run Cisco IOS Releases 12.2(44)SE2 and 12.2(46)SE due to defect CSCsu02630.
To find the software release running on your controller, click Monitor and look at the Software Version field under Controller Summary on the controller GUI or enter show sysinfo on the controller CLI.
When you upgrade the controller's software, the software on the controller's associated access points is also automatically upgraded. When an access point is loading software, each of its LEDs blinks in succession. Up to 10 access points can be concurrently upgraded from the controller.
Note When you downgrade from 220.127.116.11 to 184.108.40.206 or an earlier release, the LWAPP mode may or may not change from Layer 3 to Layer 2, depending on whether the configuration was saved in the earlier image. If the LWAPP mode changes, access points may not join the controller, and you must manually reset the controller to Layer 3 to resolve this issue.
– Controller software release 184.108.40.206 is larger than 32 MB; therefore, you must make sure that your TFTP server supports files that are larger than 32 MB. Some TFTP servers that support files of this size are tftpd and the TFTP server within the WCS. If you attempt to download the 184.108.40.206 controller software and your TFTP server does not support files of this size, the following error message appears: "TFTP failure while storing in flash."
– If you are upgrading through the service port, the TFTP server must be on the same subnet as the service port because the service port is not routable, or you must create static routes on the controller.
– If you are upgrading through the distribution system network port, the TFTP server can be on the same or a different subnet because the distribution system port is routable.
– A third-party TFTP server cannot run on the same computer as the WCS because the WCS built-in TFTP server and the third-party TFTP server require the same communication port.
Upgrade to 18.104.22.168 (or a later 4.0 release) before upgrading to 184.108.40.206.
Upgrade to 126.96.36.199 (or a later 4.0 release) before upgrading to 126.96.36.199.
Note When you upgrade the controller to an intermediate software release, wait until all of the access points joined to the controller are upgraded to the intermediate release before you install the 126.96.36.199 software. In large networks, it can take some time to download the software on each access point.
Note When you install the ER.aes file, a new bootloader file is also loaded. This is true for all controllers except the 2106 controller, for which the bootloader is not upgradable.
Note The ER.aes files are independent from the controller software files. You can run any controller software file with any ER.aes file. However, installing the latest boot software file (18.104.22.168 ER.aes) ensures that the boot software modifications in all of the previous and current boot software ER.aes files are installed.
Note Do not install the 184.108.40.206 controller software file and the 126.96.36.199 ER.aes boot software file at the same time. Install one file and reboot the controller; then install the other file and reboot the controller.
Follow these steps to upgrade the controller software using the controller GUI.
Step 1 Upload your controller configuration files to a server to back them up.
Note Cisco highly recommends that you back up your controller's configuration files prior to upgrading the controller software. Otherwise, you must manually reconfigure the controller.
Step 2 Follow these steps to obtain the 188.8.131.52 controller software and the Cisco Unified Wireless Network Controller Boot Software 184.108.40.206 ER.aes file from the Software Center on Cisco.com:
a. Click this URL to go to the Software Center:
c. Click Wireless LAN Controllers.
d. Click Standalone Controllers or Integrated Controllers and Controller Modules.
f. If necessary, click a controller model.
g. If you chose Standalone Controllers in Step Click Standalone Controllers or Integrated Controllers and Controller Modules., click Wireless LAN Controller Software.
h. If you chose Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series/7600 Series Wireless Services Module (WiSM) in Step Click a controller series., click Wireless Services Modules (WiSM) Software.
i. Click a controller software release. The software releases are labeled as follows to help you determine which release to download:
j. Click a software release number.
k. Click the filename ( filename.aes).
m. Read Cisco's End User Software License Agreement and then click Agree.
n. Save the file to your hard drive.
o. Repeat Steps a. to n. to download the remaining file (either the 18.104.22.168 controller software or the Cisco Unified Wireless Network Controller Boot Software 188.8.131.52 ER.aes file).
Step 3 Copy the controller software file ( filename.aes) and the Cisco Unified Wireless Network Controller Boot Software 18.104.22.168 ER.aes file to the default directory on your TFTP server.
Step 4 Click Commands > Download File to open the Download File to Controller page.
Step 5 From the File Type drop-down box, choose Code.
Step 6 In the IP Address field, enter the IP address of the TFTP server.
Step 7 The default values of 10 retries and 6 seconds for the Maximum Retries and Timeout fields should work fine without any adjustment. However, you can change these values if desired. To do so, enter the maximum number of times that the TFTP server attempts to download the software in the Maximum Retries field and the amount of time (in seconds) that the TFTP server attempts to download the software in the Timeout field.
Step 8 In the File Path field, enter the directory path of the software.
Step 9 In the File Name field, enter the name of the software file ( filename.aes).
Step 10 Click Download to download the software to the controller. A message appears indicating the status of the download.
Step 11 Repeat Click Commands > Download File to open the Download File to Controller page. to Click Download to download the software to the controller. A message appears indicating the status of the download. to install the remaining file (either the 126.96.36.199 controller software or the Cisco Unified Wireless Network Controller Boot Software 184.108.40.206 ER.aes file).
Step 12 After the download is complete, click Reboot.
Step 13 If prompted to save your changes, click Save and Reboot.
Step 14 Click OK to confirm your decision to reboot the controller.
Step 15 If desired, reload your latest configuration file to the controller.
Step 16 To verify that the 22.214.171.124 controller software is installed on your controller, click Monitor on the controller GUI and look at the Software Version field under Controller Summary.
Step 17 To verify that the Cisco Unified Wireless Network Controller Boot Software 126.96.36.199 ER.aes file is installed on your controller, enter the show sysinfo command on the controller CLI and look at the Bootloader Version field. "N/A" appears if the ER.aes file is installed successfully. "Error" appears if the ER.aes file is not installed.
Note You can use this command to verify the boot software version on all controllers except the 2106 because the bootloader is not upgradable on the 2106 controller.
This section contains important information to keep in mind when installing controllers and access points.
Warning This warning means danger. You are in a situation that could cause bodily injury. Before you work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents.
Warning Only trained and qualified personnel should be allowed to install, replace, or service this equipment.
Warning Do not locate any antenna near overhead power lines or other electric light or power circuits, or where it can come into contact with such circuits. When installing antennas, take extreme care not to come in contact with such circuits, as they may cause serious injury or death. For proper installation and grounding of the antenna, refer to national and local codes (e.g. U.S.: NFPA70, National Electrical Code, Article 810, in Canada: Canadian Electrical Code, Section 54).
Warning This product relies on the building's installation for short-circuit (overcurrent) protection. Ensure that the protective device is rated not greater than: 120 VAC, 15A U.S. (240vac, 10A International)
Warning This equipment must be grounded. Never defeat the ground conductor or operate the equipment in the absence of a suitably installed ground connector. Contact the appropriate electrical inspection authority or an electrician if you are uncertain that suitable grounding is available.
Warning Read the installation instructions before you connect the system to its power source.
Warning Do not work on the system or connect or disconnect cables during periods of lightning activity.
Warning Do not operate your wireless network near unshielded blasting caps or in an explosive environment unless the device has been modified to be especially qualified for such use.
Warning In order to comply with radio frequency (RF) exposure limits, the antennas for this product should be positioned no less than 6.56 ft. (2 m) from your body or nearby persons.
Warning This unit is intended for installation in restricted areas. A restricted access area can be accessed only through the use of a special tool, lock and key, or other means of security.
Follow the guidelines in this section to ensure proper operation and safe use of the controllers and access points.
FCC Compliance with its action in ET Docket 96-8, has adopted a safety standard for human exposure to RF electromagnetic energy emitted by FCC-certified equipment. When used with approved Cisco Aironet antennas, Cisco Aironet products meet the uncontrolled environmental limits found in OET-65 and ANSI C95.1, 1991. Proper operation of this radio device according to the instructions in this publication results in user exposure substantially below the FCC recommended limits.
Each year hundreds of people are killed or injured when attempting to install an antenna. In many of these cases, the victim was aware of the danger of electrocution but did not take adequate steps to avoid the hazard.
For your safety, and to help you achieve a good installation, read and follow these safety precautions. They may save your life!
1. If you are installing an antenna for the first time, for your own safety as well as others, seek professional assistance. Your Cisco sales representative can explain which mounting method to use for the size and type of antenna you are about to install.
2. Select your installation site with safety as well as performance in mind. Electric power lines and phone lines look alike. For your safety, assume that any overhead line can kill you.
3. Call your electric power company. Tell them your plans and ask them to come look at your proposed installation. This is a small inconvenience considering your life is at stake.
4. Plan your installation carefully and completely before you begin. Successfully raising a mast or tower is largely a matter of coordination. Each person should be assigned to a specific task and should know what to do and when to do it. One person should be in charge of the operation to issue instructions and watch for signs of trouble.
5. When installing an antenna, remember:
b. Do not work on a wet or windy day.
c. Do dress properly—shoes with rubber soles and heels, rubber gloves, long-sleeved shirt or jacket.
6. If the assembly starts to drop, get away from it and let it fall. Remember that the antenna, mast, cable, and metal guy wires are all excellent conductors of electrical current. Even the slightest touch of any of these parts to a power line completes an electrical path through the antenna and the installer: you!
7. If any part of an antenna system should come in contact with a power line, do not touch it or try to remove it yourself. Call your local power company. They will remove it safely.
8. If an accident should occur with the power lines, call for qualified emergency help immediately.
Refer to the appropriate quick start guide or hardware installation guide for instructions on installing controllers and access points.
Note To meet regulatory restrictions, all external antenna configurations must be professionally installed.
Personnel installing the controllers and access points must understand wireless techniques and grounding methods. Access points with internal antennas can be installed by an experienced IT professional.
The controller must be installed by a network administrator or qualified IT professional, and the proper country code must be selected. Following installation, access to the controller should be password protected by the installer to maintain compliance with regulatory requirements and ensure proper unit functionality.
This section describes important information about the controllers and access points.
One Time Passwords (OTP) are supported on the Wireless Lan Controller (WLC) using TACACS and RADIUS. In this configuration, the controller acts as a transparent pass-thru device. The controller forwards all client requests to the TACACS/RADIUS server without inspecting the client behavior. When using OTP the client must only establish a single connection to the controller to function properly. The controller currently does not have any intelligence or checks to correct a client that is trying to establish multiple connections.
Controller software release 188.8.131.52 or later affects the way that QoS interacts with the RRM scan defer feature:
If you completely disable off-channel scanning on your network, you should consider alternative ways to implement off-channel scanning: adding monitor-mode access points or creating AP groups where some access points in the area do not carry the configured WLANs for those devices.
The 1250 series access points may contain a bootloader older than version 12.4(10b)JA. Units with old bootloaders do not generate a crash log when a crash occurs. The crash log is disabled so that a crash does not corrupt the flash file system. Units with bootloader versions 12.4(10b)JA or later generate a crash log if the access point is associated to a controller software release 220.127.116.11 or later.
New 1250 series access points shipped from the factory contain new bootloader images, which fixes the flash file system after it is corrupted during a crash (without losing files). This new bootloader automatically sets a new CRASH_LOG environment variable to "yes," which enables a crash log to be generated following a crash but only on controllers running software release 188.8.131.52 or later. Therefore, no user configuration is needed to enable a crash log on new 1250 series access points shipped from the factory.
These examples show the output from the CLI commands (in bold) that you use to check the bootloader version on LWAPP and autonomous 1250 series access points:
LWAPP (commands entered on the controller CLI):
The controller port mirroring feature is not supported on 2100 series controllers, 4400 series controllers, Cisco WiSM controllers, and controller network modules.
When clients use the controller's internal DHCP server, IP addresses are not preserved across reboots. As a result, multiple clients can be assigned the same IP address. To resolve any IP address conflicts, clients must release their existing IP address and request a new one.
Rogue Location Discovery Protocol (RLDP) is a controller feature that detects the presence of rogue access points that are connected to your wired network. RLDP operates with these limitations:
In controller software 4.2, the controller's bootup configuration file is stored in an Extensible Markup Language (XML) format rather than in binary format. Therefore, you cannot download a binary configuration file onto a controller running software release 4.2. However, when you upgrade a controller from a previous software release to 4.2, the configuration file is migrated and converted to XML.
The controller supports web authentication redirects only to HTTP (HTTP over TCP) servers. It does not support web authentication redirects to HTTPS (HTTP over SSL) servers.
The controller disables the radio bands that are not permitted by the configured country of operation (CSCsi48220).
Cisco recommends that you do not configure 40-MHz channels in the 2.4-GHz radio band because severe co-channel interference is likely to occur.
In controller software release 4.2 or later, external antenna gain is factored into the maximum transmit power of the access point. Therefore, when you upgrade from an earlier software release to 4.2 or later, you might see a decrease in transmit power output.
Controller software release 4.2 or later allows you to upgrade to an oversized access point image by deleting the recovery image to create sufficient space. This feature affects only access points with 8 MB of flash (the 1100, 1200, and 1310 series access points). All newer access points have a larger flash size than 8 MB.
Note As of August 2007, there are no oversized access point images, but as new features are added, the access point image size will continue to grow.
The recovery image provides a backup image that can be used if an access point power-cycles during an image upgrade. The best way to avoid the need for access point recovery is to prevent an access point from power-cycling during a system upgrade. If a power-cycle occurs during an upgrade to an oversized access point image, you can recover the access point using the TFTP recovery procedure.
Follow these steps to perform the TFTP recovery procedure.
Step 1 Download the required recovery image from Cisco.com (c1100-rcvk9w8-mx, c1200-rcvk9w8-mx, or c1310-rcvk9w8-mx) and install it in the root directory of your TFTP server.
Step 2 Connect the TFTP server to the same subnet as the target access point and power-cycle the access point. The access point boots from the TFTP image and then joins the controller to download the oversized access point image and complete the upgrade procedure.
Step 3 After the access point has been recovered, you may remove the TFTP server.
Cisco 1250 series access points are not supported for use with the Cisco 7920 IP phone. They can, however, be used with the Cisco 7921 and 7925 IP phones.
Multicast is not supported on access points that are connected directly to the local port of a 2000 or 2100 series controller.
Controller software release 18.104.22.168 or later enables you to configure a MAC-filtering IP address for a workgroup bridge (WGB) wired client to allow passive WGB wired clients, such as terminal servers or printers with static IP addresses, to be added and remain in the controller's client table while the WGB is associated to a controller in the mobility group. This feature, activated by the config macfilter ipaddress MAC_address IP_address CLI command, can be used with any passive device that does not initiate any traffic but waits for another device to start communication.
This feature allows the controller to learn the IP address of a passive WGB wired client when the WGB sends an IAPP message to the controller that contains only the WGB wired client's MAC address. Upon receiving this message from the WGB, the controller checks the local MAC filter list (or the anchor controller's MAC filter list if the WGB has roamed) for the client's MAC address. If an entry is found and it contains an IP address for the client, the controller adds the client to the controller's client table.
Note Unlike the existing MAC filtering feature for wireless clients, you are not required to enable MAC filtering on the WLAN for WGB wired clients.
Note WGB wired clients using MAC filtering do not need to obtain an IP address through DHCP to be added to the controller's client table.
In controller software release 184.108.40.206 or later, CKIP is supported for use only with static WEP. It is not supported for use with dynamic WEP. Therefore, a wireless client that is configured to use CKIP with dynamic WEP is unable to associate to a wireless LAN that is configured for CKIP. Cisco recommends that you use either dynamic WEP without CKIP (which is less secure) or WPA/WPA2 with TKIP or AES (which are more secure).
For controller software release 4.2 or later, if a location appliance (release 3.1 or later) is installed on your network, the time zone must be set on the controller to ensure proper synchronization between the two systems. Also, Cisco highly recommends that the time be set for networks that do not have location appliances. Refer to Chapter 4 of the Cisco Wireless LAN Controller Configuration Guide, Release 4.2 for instructions for setting the time and date on the controller.
Note The time zone can be different for the controller and the location appliance, but the time zone delta must be configured accordingly, based on Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
Note Daylight Savings Time (DST) is not supported in controller software release 4.2.
New Cisco 1000 series lightweight access points for the United States, Canada, and the Philippines do not support the UNII-2 band (5.25 to 5.35 GHz). These models are labeled AP10x0-B, where "B" represents a new regulatory domain that replaces the previous "A" domain.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) dynamic frequency selection (DFS) is supported only on 1130 series access points in the United States, Canada, and the Philippines that have a new FCC ID. Access points use DFS to detect radar signals such as military and weather sources and then switch channels to avoid interfering with them. 1130 series access points with FCC DFS support have an FCC ID LDK102054E sticker. 1130 series access points without FCC DFS support have an LDK102054 (no E suffix) sticker. 1130 series access points that are operating in the United States, Canada, or the Philippines; have an FCC ID E sticker; and are running the 184.108.40.206 software release or later can use channels 100 through 140 in the UNII-2 band.
After you change the position of the 802.11a radio antenna for a lightweight 1200 or 1230 series access point, the power setting is not updated in the controller GUI and CLI. Regardless of the user display, the internal data is updated, and the transmit power output is changed accordingly. To see the correct transmit power display values, reboot the access point after changing the antenna's position. (CSCsf02280)
Cisco recommends that the retransmit timeout value for TACACS+ authentication, authorization, and accounting servers be increased if you experience repeated reauthentication attempts or the controller falls back to the backup server when the primary server is active and reachable. The default retransmit timeout value is 2 seconds and can be increased to a maximum of 30 seconds.
An access point can be powered by a Cisco prestandard 15-watt switch with Power over Ethernet (PoE) by entering this command:
config ap power pre-standard { enable | disable } { all | Cisco_AP }
A Cisco prestandard 15-watt switch does not support intelligent power management (IPM) but does have sufficient power for a standard access point. The following Cisco prestandard 15-watt switches are available:
The enable version of this command is required for full functionality when the access point is powered by a Cisco prestandard 15-watt switch. It is safe to use if the access point is powered by either an IPM switch or a power injector or if the access point is not using one of the 15-watt switches listed above.
You might need this command if your radio operational status is "Down" when you expect it to be "Up." Enter the show msglog command to look for this error message, which indicates a PoE problem:
The 1000 series access points perform radar detection on channels that do not require it (such as channel 36). If the access points detect radar on these channels, the controller captures it in log messages.
After you perform these functions on the controller, you must reboot the controller in order for them to take effect:
The multicast queue depth is 512 packets on all controller platforms. However, the following message might appear on 2006 and 2106 controllers: "Rx Multicast Queue is full on Controller." This message does not appear on 4400 series controllers because the 4400 NPU filters ARP packets, and all forwarding (multicast or otherwise) and multicast replication are done in the software on the 2006 and 2106.
This message appears when too many multicast messages are sent to the CPU. In controller software releases prior to 5.1, multicast, CDP, and ARP packets share the same queue. However, in software releases 5.1 and later, these packets are separated into different queues. There are currently no controller commands that can be entered to determine if the multicast receive queue is full. When the queue is full, some packets are randomly discarded.
The 2106 controller's Status LED and AP LED do not flash amber when software is being uploaded to the controller or downloaded to an access point, respectively.
Note Some versions of the Cisco 2106 Wireless LAN Controller Quick Start Guide might incorrectly state that these LEDs flash amber during a software upload or download.
If you wish to reset the configuration to factory defaults on a 2006 controller, perform one of the following:
Rate-limiting is applicable to all traffic destined to the CPU from either direction (wireless or wired). Cisco recommends that you always run the controller with the default config advanced rate enable command in effect in order to rate-limit traffic to the controller and protect against denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. You can use the config advanced rate disable command to stop rate-limiting of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo responses for testing purposes. However, Cisco recommends that you reapply the config advanced rate enable command after testing is complete.
Controller software release 126.96.36.199 or later is designed to support ICMP pings to the management interface either from a wireless client or a wired host. ICMP pings to other interfaces configured on the controller are not supported.
Pinging from a network device to a controller dynamic interface may not work in some configurations. When pinging does operate successfully, the controller places Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) traffic in a low-priority queue, and the reply to ping is on best effort. Pinging does not pose a security threat to the network. The controller rate limits any traffic to the CPU, and flooding the controller is prevented. Clients on the WLAN associated with the interface pass traffic normally.
Controller software release 4.2 or later is not compatible with the Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP). Make sure to configure the controller's default gateway to a fixed address and not to the GLBP virtual address.
Software release 4.2 does not allow you to choose IPSec as a Layer 3 security option. None and VPN Passthrough are the only available options. If you upgrade to this release from a previous release that supported IPSec as a Layer 3 security option, any WLANs that are configured for this feature become disabled. If you want to configure IPSec, you must use a version of controller software prior to 4.0.
As designed, 4400 series controllers do not forward IP subnet broadcasts from the wired network to wireless clients across the EoIP guest tunnel.
You must install software release 184.108.40.206 or later on the controller before connecting 1100 and 1300 series access points to the controller.
To prevent or block a wired or wireless client from accessing the management network on a controller (from the wireless client dynamic interface or VLAN), the network administrator should ensure that there is no route through which to reach the controller from the dynamic interface or use a firewall between the client dynamic interface and the management network.
Cisco recommends that aggressive load balancing always be turned off either through the controller GUI or CLI in any wireless network that is supporting voice, regardless of vendor. When aggressive load balancing is turned on, voice clients can hear an audible artifact when roaming, and the handset is refused at its first reassociation attempt.
Cisco IOS Lightweight Access Point Protocol (LWAPP) access points have a default password of Cisco, and the pre-stage configuration for LWAPP access points is disabled by default. To enable it, you must configure the access point with a new username and password when it joins the controller. Enter this command using the controller CLI to push a new username and password to the access point:
config ap username user_id password password {Cisco_AP | all}
The password pushed from the controller is configured as "enable password" on the access point.
There are some cases where the pre-stage configuration for LWAPP access points is disabled and the access point displays the following error message when the CLI commands are applied:
"ERROR!!! Command is disabled."
For more information, refer to Upgrading Autonomous Cisco Aironet Access Points to Lightweight Mode at this URL:
If a client is not able to connect to an access point, and the security policy for the WLAN and client are correct, the client has probably been disabled. In the controller GUI, you can view the client's status on the Monitor > Summary page under Client Summary. If the client is disabled, click Remove to clear the disabled state for that client. The client automatically comes back and, if necessary, reattempts authentication.
Automatic disabling happens as a result of too many failed authentications. Clients disabled due to failed authorization do not appear on the permanent disable display. This display is only for those MACs that are set as permanently disabled by the administrator.
If a RADIUS server is on a directly connected subnet (with respect to the controller), then that subnet must be the management VLAN subnet.
Cisco 1000 series access points in REAP mode do not support the Wi-Fi Multi-Media (WMM) protocol.
Cisco Aironet 1030 Remote Edge Lightweight Access Points do not support WPA2-PSK in REAP standalone mode.
Cisco Aironet lightweight access points do not connect to the 4400 series controller if the date and time are not set properly. Set the current date and time on the controller before allowing the access points to connect to it.
This product has been tested with CiscoSecure ACS 3.2 and later and works with any RFC-compliant RADIUS server.
Management usernames and local netuser names must be unique because they are stored in the same database. That is, you cannot assign the same name to a management user and a local netuser.
Clients using the Microsoft Wireless Configuration Manager and 802.1X must use WLANs configured for 40- or 104-bit key length. Configuring for 128-bit key length results in clients that can associate but not authenticate.
The controller bootloader stores a copy of the active primary image and the backup image. If the primary image becomes corrupted, you can use the bootloader to boot with the backup image.
With the backup image stored before rebooting, be sure to choose Option 2: Run Backup Image from the boot menu to boot from the backup image. Then upgrade with a known working image and reboot the controller.
Because of a caching problem in the Internet Explorer 5.x browser, the home page retains the web authentication login. To correct this problem, clear the history or upgrade your workstation to Internet Explorer 6.x.
Enabling RLDP may cause access points connected to the controller to lose connectivity with their clients for up to 30 seconds.
Client card implementations may mitigate the effectiveness of ad-hoc containment.
The controller has commonly known default values of "public" and "private" for the read-only and read-write SNMP community strings. Using these standard values presents a security risk. Therefore, Cisco strongly advises that you change these values. Refer to the Cisco Wireless LAN Controller Configuration Guide, Release 4.2 for configuration instructions.
The controller uses a default value of "default" for the username, authentication password, and privacy password for SNMP v3 users. Using these standard values presents a security risk. Therefore, Cisco strongly advises that you change these values. Refer to the Cisco Wireless LAN Controller Configuration Guide, Release 4.2 for configuration instructions.
Note SNMP v3 is time sensitive. Make sure that you have configured the correct time and time zone on your controller.
These hardware features are not supported on 2000 and 2100 series controllers:
Note Ports 7 and 8 on 2100 series controllers are PoE ports.
These software features are not supported on 2000 and 2100 series controllers:
Note Port mirroring is also not supported on 4400 series controllers.
In a crowded RF environment, clients may not be able to detect the desired SSID because of internal table limitations. Sometimes disabling and then enabling the client interface forces a rescan. Your RF environment needs to be controlled. Cisco UWN rogue access point detection and containment can help you to enforce RF policies in your buildings and campuses.
The 2006 controller image is supported for use with only 2000 series controllers. Do not install the 2006 image on a 3504 controller. Otherwise, errors may occur. Install only the 3504 image on a 3504 controller.
It is possible to run a 3504 controller image on a 2000 series controller, but Cisco Aironet 1130, 1200, and 1240 series access points will not be able to connect to the controller.
When upgrading a controller from operating system release 2.0 or 126.96.36.199 to release 126.96.36.199 or later, update the external web authentication configuration as follows:
1. Instead of using a preauthentication ACL, the network manager must configure the external web server IP address using this command:
config custom-web ext-webserver add index IP-address
Note IP-address is the address of any web server that performs external web authentication.
2. The network manager must use the new login_template shown here:
Note Make sure to format the script to avoid any extra characters or spaces before using the web authentication template.
This section lists Open Caveats and Resolved Caveats for Cisco controllers and lightweight access points.
These caveats are open in controller software release 18.104.22.168 and have a severity of 1 or 2.
Workaround: Follow these steps to workaround the issue:
a. Make sure HTTPS is enabled on the controller's management interface, reboot the controller from the CLI, and monitor the last service if error messages appear after the controller prompts you to enter a username and password to login.
b. Login with the relevant credentials and reconfigure the virtual interface with this CLI command:
config interface address virtual 188.8.131.52
c. Reboot the controller and make sure the Secure Web service shows up as OK.
d. Generate a certificate using this CLI command:
config certificate generate webauth
e. Click Yes when prompted and wait a few minutes for the certificate to generate.
Workaround: Reboot the access point, or disassociate the client from the controller and then reassociate it.
Workaround: Check the ARP table on the switch to see if the IP address is bound to a MAC address on the network that is not the controller MAC address.
Workaround: Contact Cisco TAC for more information. A Cisco internal-only procedure can be used to update missing environment variables and burn them into a cookie.
Workaround: Reboot the access point.
Workaround: Remove the PAC from the client.
Workaround: Follow these steps:
a. Enter this CLI command on the Cisco WiSM to remove the service VLAN: no wism service-vlan vlan_id.
b. Enter this command to OIR the Cisco WiSM: hw-module module slot reset.
c. Enter this CLI command to add the service VLAN again: wism service-vlan vlan_id.
Workaround: Remove the console connection cable from the Cisco terminal server.
Workaround: Disable infrastructure management frame protection (MFP).
Workaround: Reset the WGBs, enter the clear bridge command on the WGBs, or wait for the WGBs to roam back to the access point where the client is stuck.
Workaround: Disable the AAA override option.
Workaround: Connect to the access point using the console port and enter the following commands:
If running IOS prior to 12.4(18a)JA:
If running IOS 12.4(18a)JA or later:
Workaround: None. The controller reboots and automatically returns to normal operation.
Workaround: Reboot the controller.
Workaround: Set a more precise DN.
These caveats are open in controller software release 188.8.131.52 and have a severity of 3.
Workaround: Use the controller CLI.
Workaround: Clear the configuration on the controller. Then reconfigure the controller and perform the redundancy test.
Workaround: Make sure that the file and filename are entirely correct before upgrading, or upgrade using the CLI to receive a more accurate reason for the failure. Further details are available if you use the debug transfer all enable command prior to upgrade.
Workaround: Reset the access point so that it rejoins the controller and the controller updates the access point with the new configuration.
Workaround: Do not directly change from WPA1+WPA2+conditional web redirect to 802.1X+conditional web redirect. Instead, follow these steps:
a. Remove conditional web redirect and save your change.
b. Change Layer2 to 802.1X and save your change.
c. Change Layer3 to conditional web redirect and save your change.
Workaround: Do not stop the console using Ctrl-S.
Workaround: Clean up the timers. If the problem is related to the client, deauthenticate the client to clean the timer. If the problem is related to the WLAN, such as a broadcast key update, disable and then re-enable the WLAN.
Workaround: Recover the LAG link when service is not in use. You might also want to consider not using this type of configuration.
Workaround: Use access points other than the 1250 when RLDP needs to be used.
Workaround: Use a direct console connection to the Cisco WiSM.
Workaround: Enable the rogue access point trap for the registered controllers or view the channel information on the controller.
Workaround: Use the controller CLI to view this information.
– Cisco ACS—In the RADIUS access-request packet, the username is the client MAC address, and the password is the client MAC address.
– Free RADIUS—In the RADIUS access-request packet, the username is the client MAC address, and the password is the controller's shared secret with the RADIUS server.
– Other—In the RADIUS access-request packet, the username is the client MAC address, and the password is not sent in the RADIUS access-request packet.
Workaround: Enter a valid netmask.
Workaround: View the current rogue client information from the controller.
Workaround: Follow the instructions in the VoWLAN deployment guide to enable a realistic higher data rate for the Cisco 7921 phone and turn on the supported rate as recommended.
Workaround: Upgrade the controller to software release 220.127.116.11.
Workaround: Use the controller CLI to configure a guest LAN. You might need to delete a previous guest LAN if it has a blank ingress interface configured on it and then recreate it. By default, the ingress interface is blank.
Workaround: Use ACL names with up to 31 characters.
Workaround: Reboot the controller after changing the RF domain name.
Workaround: Reassociate the user between logout of the old user and login of the new user.
Workaround: Wait until the access point's connectivity to the controller recovers, or reboot the access point.
Workaround: Make sure that the interface IP address and gateway IP address are different.
Workaround: Use the controller CLI. It always provides the correct link test report, except in cases of a CCX client connected to a hybrid-HREAP access point broadcasting a centrally switched WLAN.
Workaround: If you need to enter more than 130 characters on the internal web authentication page, use the controller interface instead of WCS.
Workaround: Install the Cisco Unified Wireless Network Controller Boot Software 188.8.131.52 ER.aes file, which contains a new bootloader. A successful transfer and upgrade of the ER file indicates that the ER file has been updated properly.
Workaround: Release and renew the DHCP IP address manually on the WGB wired client.
Workaround: Change the port to be an access port, make the native VLAN 1and allow the VLAN across the trunk port, or configure cdp timer 30 on the switch.
Workaround: Reapply the power configuration.
Workaround: None. You must reconfigure the hybrid-REAP groups.
Workaround: Return the access point to local mode in order to modify the channel width settings. Then return it to sniffer mode. This process requires a minimum of two reboots of the access point.
Workaround: Disable the Allow AAA Override option.
– config hreap group name ap add 00:1c:58:34:40:cc
– config hreap group name ap add 00:1a:a1:3f:07:08
– config hreap group name delete
Workaround: Trigger the RM measurements one at a time.
Workaround: Stop the Nessus scan and reboot the controller.
Workaround: Make sure that any WLAN spanning two controllers using web authentication is on the same VLAN on both controllers.
Workaround: Reset the controller.
Workaround: None; you can safely ignore the tracebacks.
Workaround: None; you can safely ignore the tracebacks.
Workaround: First change the native VLAN ID. Then change the cLReapApVlanId.
Workaround: Set a shorter value for the string.
Workaround: Configure the clients with a static IPv6 address.
Workaround: Configure the client to carry through medium reservation time in subsequent frames.
Workaround: Do not enable IPv6 on a mobility anchor-enabled WLAN.
Workaround: Reapply the auto-RF settings.
Workaround: Retry the SSH connection.
Workaround: Wait until all the access points finish downloading the image from the controller.
Workaround: Ignore the mesh options in 4.2.x software releases, or upgrade the controller software if you require mesh support.
You can safely ignore these messages.
Workaround: Force the workgroup bridge to reauthenticate to the wireless LAN; the client devices connected to the workgroup bridge then successfully receive IP addresses.
Workaround: Disable these three controller settings:
– Check against CA certificates
– Verify certificate CN identity
– Check certificate date validity
Workaround: Reboot the access point and try again.
Workaround: Enter show wlan summary in lower-case letters on the CLI.
Workaround: While doing a remote span, exclude the VLAN used by the controller or prevent the controller packet from looping back and reaching the controller.
Workaround: Try again to enable the WLAN a few seconds later.
Workaround: Enable client exclusion on the WLANs, and manually enter an exclusion entry for the MAC address of each VLAN's default gateway using these CLI commands:
config wlan exclusionlist wlan_id enabled
config exclusionlist add mac_addr description
Workaround: Enable at least one 802.11g rate on the client if possible.
Workaround: Reboot the controller.
Workaround: Use DHCP option 43 or 60 or use over-the-air provisioning (OTAP).
Workaround: Reboot the controller.
– Connect a console cable to the access point. At the ap# prompt, enter one of the following hidden commands:
#debug lwapp console cli (4.2 [12.4(10b)J*] or earlier)
#debug capwap console cli (5.0 [12.4(13d)JA] or later)
– On the controller CLI, enter the following command:
Then you can enter any IOS CLI command using the following syntax:
debug ap command command AP_name
Workaround: Remove the unwanted WLANs on the port channels, except for the locally switched VLAN.
Workaround: Connect directly to the access point using the console, Telnet, or SSH.
Workaround: Prime the access point. Set the primary controller on the access point using this CLI command: config ap primary-base controller_name AP_name controller_IP_address.
Workaround: None. The controller starts successfully after the next reboot.
Workaround: Use the show run-config command with paging disabled.
These caveats are open in controller software release 22.214.171.124 and have a severity of 4 or 5.
Workaround: Ignore the prompt and exit as usual.
Workaround: Users can interpret the None option as Static and a logical alternative to DHCP.
– If you attempt to add a MAC address to a very long MAC filter list, the following error message appears: "Error in creating MAC filter."
– If you add a large number of users to the local database, some user entries might be silently ignored.
– If you add SSCs for the access points, at some point no more entries can be added, and the following error message appears: "Authorization entry does not exist in Controller's AP Authorization List."
Workaround: Configure a larger value for the controller database, such as 2048.
Workaround: None. This is a cosmetic issue.
Workaround: On the console, configure the hidden command devshell dot1xUpdateBroadcastRekeyTimer seconds. This command does not work in an SSH or Telnet session and does not survive a reboot.
Workaround: Configure a 10/24 interface or a different 10/16 subnet such that the new dynamic interface does not contain the DHCP server IP address currently defined on all interfaces.
Workaround: Make sure that clients are correctly configured to minimize error logging.
Workaround: Convert the access point to IOS and then from IOS back to LWAPP.
Workaround: To see static IP wireless devices in the controller's local MAC filter list, enter a CLI command similar to the following:
config macfilter add 00:01:02:03:04:05 3 200 "test prt" 192.168.200.10
Workaround: Unplug the service port and reconfigure it on the correct subnet.
Workaround: To reduce the occurrence of this issue, disable paging using the config paging disable command.
Workaround: On the access point console, right after you see the " Press Return to get started" message, enter enable mode (the default password is Cisco), and enter this debug command:
The output shows all UDP packets sent and received by the access point.
Workaround: None; this issue is cosmetic.
Workaround: Unplug and then plug in both Etherchannel links on the CE500 or the controller. Plug in or unplug any device on the CE500.
Workaround: On the controller CLI, enter config network fast-ssid-change to allow the client devices to connect without incident.
Workaround: Delete the local user profile and create a new one with the updated password or description or define a WLAN profile for the user.
Workaround: Disable the master controller mode.
Workaround: Perform the following steps:
a. Determine whether you want to force your wireless clients to perform DHCP first, after associating, before they can send IP packets.
b. If the client is configured for DHCP but sometimes still sends IP packets after associating without performing DHCP, then perform the following:
The message should read as follows:
Workaround: Use the show pmk-cache mac_address CLI command to see the timeout.
Workaround: Change the IP address of the management interface.
Workaround: Use a Windows 2000 DHCP server.
Workaround: None. The CAPWAP packet message format is documented in the IETF draft.
Workaround: Configure a valid (or dummy) DHCP address on the WLAN or interface.
Workaround: Do not use port mirroring on 4400 series controllers.
Workaround: Configure the TFTP server for a timeout of 45 seconds.
Workaround: Enter config auth-list delete mac_address and config macfilter mac_address using the controller CLI. Then enter show mac-filter to see the newly created MAC address.
Workaround: Clear the configuration and reconfigure the controller.
Workaround: Clear the controller configuration and reconfigure the controller.
Workaround: Delete the mobility member and re-enter it with the correct name.
Workaround: Reset the PC card on the client.
Workaround: Use the config dhcp proxy disabled command to disable DHCP proxy on the controller.
Workaround: Use the controller GUI to see the VLAN ID for the guest LAN interface.
Workaround: Add an anchor to the guest WLAN and then delete the anchor; you can then delete the WLAN.
Workaround: Use the raw IP address link provided by the Success page for the logout.html call if needed.
Workaround: When you configure the controller for 802.11g traffic only, disable any channels (such as channel 14 in Japan) that allow associations from 802.11b client devices.
Workaround: Use the config time ntp interval 3600 CLI command to set the NTP polling interval to the minimum value of 3600 seconds.
These caveats are resolved in controller software release 18.104.22.168.
– The show controller CLI command might show that beacons and probes are disabled.
– This syslog message might appear with tracebacks: "Transmitter seems to have stopped."
– This syslog message might appear with tracebacks: "Command 16 timeout."
– Radio core dumps might be left in the flash.
If you need information about a specific caveat that does not appear in these release notes, you can use the Cisco Bug Toolkit to find caveats of any severity. Click this URL to browse to the Bug Toolkit:
(If you request a defect that cannot be displayed, the defect number might not exist, the defect might not yet have a customer-visible description, or the defect might be marked Cisco Confidential.)
For the most up-to-date, detailed troubleshooting information, refer to the Cisco TAC website at
Click Product Support > Wireless. Then choose your product and Troubleshooting to find information on the problem you are experiencing.
This section lists updates to user documentation that has not yet been added to either printed or online documents.
For additional information on the Cisco controllers and lightweight access points, refer to these documents:
Click this link to browse to the Cisco Support and Documentation page:
For information on obtaining documentation, obtaining support, providing documentation feedback, security guidelines, and also recommended aliases and general Cisco documents, see the monthly What's New in Cisco Product Documentation, which also lists all new and revised Cisco technical documentation, at:


text:
Green AcresRiddles are little poems or phrases that pose a question that needs answering. Riddles frequently rhyme, but this is not a requirement.
Abuse me for I will not care.
Curse me when I stray from fair.
Brute force won't put me in my place.
Smooth and even wins the race.
Envy colors where I rest.
No sandy beaches for the best.
HintA swing will get me started.
AnswerGolf ball
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text:
Herbal Essences Hello Hydration Moisturizing Shampoo and Conditioner 2 in 1 Reviews
Smells AmazinPersonally, I'd like to stay away from two in one products because they're usually not as good as getting the shampoo and conditioner separately and that's why I took off a star. Other than that, this product leaves my hair smelling vibrantly fresh and more importantly smooth even till the end of the second day from washing my hair. In the shower, it provides a nice lather, and cleans out my hair ...read morewell. I've tried the Herbal Essence Hello Hydration shampoo and conditioner separately, and believe that provides optimal results. So if you don't have a lot of time to spend in the shower, then this two in one product is for you. If you want longer lasting results, and even smoother hair, get the shampoo and conditioner separately. Although, I was the one who recommended my boyfriend to buy this product, my boyfriend actually loves the smell of this product so much that he was the one who's been repurchasing it since. I think we're up to our third or fourth bottle by now and I'm probably going to continue to buy more in the future. I really believe in this product and more importantly believe that it works. The smell that I'm actually in love with is a fusion of Hawaiian coconut and orchid. The shampoo also has botanical silk that cleans to reveal natural shine. It's the combination of the wonderful coconut smell with orchid with the botanical silk that leaves my hair smelling so refreshing good and smooth. I usually take a handful of this product and dab it all over my hair, leaving it for a few minutes before finally washing it out for results that can last days. Trust me, this product is great for both genders (my boyfriend would agree) and it'd do wonders for your hair; give it a try! — 5 years, 9 months agoMissXu | 102 reviews
This review is: Helpful | Not helpful | Inappropriate | 7 of 8 people said helpful
More Build Up.............My family has gone through every formula offered by Herbal Essences. We run into the same problem every time...build up. The first 2 or 3 times the shampoos and conditioners worked great and then they starting building up and giving all 4 of us (2 adults, 2 teenagers) oily roots and frizzy ends. I know a lot of people love Herbal Essences but we don't anymore based on experience. — 5 years, 6 months agopowerwoman033 | 509 reviews
This review is: Helpful | Not helpful | Inappropriate | 6 of 8 people said helpful
Review subjectone of my favs — 4 years, 8 months agoNicole2814 | 30 reviews
This review is: Helpful | Not helpful | Inappropriate | 1 of 4 people said helpful
GoodI prefer to use shampoo and conditioner separately but this stuff is pretty good — 3 years, 3 months agoleighleigh | 243 reviews
Soft HairI absolutely love this hair care formula because it contains both shampoo and conditioner so it is quick to use and adds a lot of moisture to my hair. This is great for the summer because your hair will get softer and shinier after using and it has a great scent. — 7 years, 3 months agoStef42678 | 500 reviews
This review is: Helpful | Not helpful | Inappropriate | 1 of 3 people said helpful
Can i eat my hair?!This product smells amazing, just like herbal essences always does! This one delivers some serious hydration helping your scalp in those dry months. I also find it keeps my hair very clean for a long time! — 4 years, 9 months agorayshaviolet | 245 reviews
This review is: Helpful | Not helpful | Inappropriate | 2 of 3 people said helpful
So-soI really love the way this leaves my hair smelling. Other than that, I don't feel that it really "hydrates" my hair at all. It just leaves the hair shiny and delicious smelling. I've never been a fan of 2 in 1 hair products.. — 6 years, 2 months agoeatinglipstick | 145 reviews
This review is: Helpful | Not helpful | Inappropriate | 1 of 2 people said helpful
Good...Im not a huge fan of Herbal Essences all the time...I feel that their shampoos lather up too much, dont leave your hair feeling healthy and produce build up. But the I met this one in a travel package that I bought...i won't say that it become by favorite shampoo and I won't say that I didn't use a conditioner afterwards, but in just using this as a shampoo it did pretty well. My hair was shinier ...read moreand softer. So I dont recommend this as your go to shampoo at all times, but if you are travelling and want to buy a little pack or if you want something that you can use every now and then...go for this one. And also, as with all herbal essences shampoos, it smells AMAZZZZZZING...this is the best one that they have put out yet. — 4 years, 5 months agosprout117 | 221 reviews
SurprisedUsually 2-in-1's leave my hair feeling weighed down or a bit oily, but this one gives almost the same effect as using the shampoo and conditioner separately (which I have done). I am very pleased with it. The scent is not overwhelming, I did not need a lot for my long thick hair, and it didn't all rinse out. A keeper! — 3 years, 10 months agoKelseaT | 168 reviews
not impressed!I took this stuff on vacation so I'd have to pack less, but I have several gripes. First, I figured that a moisturizing shampoo-conditioner thing would go pretty easy on my hair color that was a couple weeks old, but I couldn't have been more wrong. I was using sulfate-free stuff at home, and as soon as I used this and got out of the shower, I turned the hotel's white bath towel pink! And after se...read moreveral days of using it, I'm thinking I might have to do my red dye again. Also, the instructions are really sneaky and tell you to do the process twice, which to me totally defeats the purpose of using a 2 in 1...why not just do a separate shampoo and conditioner and thereby take better care of your hair?? I only did the process once and my hair ended up a static-bomb, but I also wanted to preserve my hair color the best I could. This stuff did not make me a happy vacationer. — 7 years, 5 months agoNotQuiteGlam | 190 reviews
This review is: Helpful | Not helpful | Inappropriate | 1 of 1 people said helpful
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