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U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu this week joined with energy ministers and high-level representatives from more than 20 governments to announce renewed support for 11 international clean energy initiatives at the second Clean Energy Ministerial in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. These initiatives are helping to accelerate the global transition to a clean energy future, with the goal of eliminating the need to build more than 500 mid-size power plants worldwide in the next 20 years, among other goals. At the conclusion of the meeting yesterday, India offered to host the fourth Clean Energy Ministerial in 2013 and Korea offered to host the fifth in 2014, demonstrating continued commitment to the initiatives and the Clean Energy Ministerial process.
'In just nine months since the United States hosted the first Clean Energy Ministerial, we have laid the groundwork for global progress in areas such as appliance efficiency, smart grids and electric vehicle deployment. Working together, we can move faster to save money, create jobs and accelerate the transition to a clean energy future,' said Secretary Chu.
First launched in Washington, D.C., in July 2010, Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM) initiatives promote economic growth while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants; supporting renewable energy markets; expanding access to clean energy resources and jobs; and working to promote women's leadership in clean energy careers.
The countries participating account for 80 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions and more than 70 percent of global gross domestic product. They also fund the vast majority of public research and development in clean energy technologies.
Since the last Clean Energy Ministerial, the United States has helped lead progress in several initiatives as part of the Global Energy Efficiency Challenge. These projects will cut energy waste around the world by helping to deploy super-efficient appliances, improving industrial and buildings efficiency, implementing smart grid technologies, and helping to put 20 million electric vehicles on the roads by 2020.
For example, the Super-efficient Equipment and Appliance Deployment (SEAD) initiative expands global markets for efficient products in CEM countries both by incentivizing the deployment of super-efficient equipment and appliances and by facilitating stronger, more effective minimum standards. The initiative will help to strengthen and expand governments' domestic actions through technical exchange and international coordination.
SEAD partners have identified six product categories (commercial refrigeration, computers, distribution transformers, solid-state lighting, motors, and televisions) and one energy-use mode (network standby) as areas for expanded technical exchanges to improve efficiency. Such measures have the potential to avoid the need for 300 mid-size power plants in the next twenty years in countries already participating in SEAD. During the meeting, the UAE and Brazil announced that they will join SEAD, further bolstering SEAD's global market impact.
Ministers also launched Superefficient.org, a web portal to facilitate international information exchange and serve as a resource for policymakers seeking to advance appliance and equipment efficiency.
To help grow the global market for efficient appliances, SEAD partners announced the first international competition for the most efficient appliances and equipment in the world. Starting with televisions, which are responsible for about 6 to 8 percent of global residential electricity consumption, the awards will help consumers find the best-performing products and motivate manufacturers to invest in super-efficient technologies. Contest rules, a timeline, entry procedures, and other details related to the television awards competition will be available at Superefficient.org.
The International Smart Grid Action Network (ISGAN), a coalition of 20 governments, will help accelerate the development of smarter electricity grids around the world, which will improve the reliability of electrical systems, promote the growth of renewable energy, expand the use of electric vehicles, and help consumers and businesses better measure and lower their energy use. During the Ministerial, ISGAN partners announced the initiative's formal establishment as an Implementing Agreement under the umbrella of the International Energy Agency Framework for International Technology Co-Operation. U.S. Department of Energy Assistant Secretary for Policy and International Affairs David Sandalow signed the agreement on behalf of the Department.
To accelerate the deployment of transformational low-carbon technologies, Secretary Chu and other ministers launched the Clean Energy Solutions Center to help countries strengthen clean energy policies and program development. The Solutions Center will provide information on emerging policy trends and identify opportunities for international policy coordination, supplemented by peer-to-peer learning, remote expert assistance and online training.
Secretary Chu also announced the United States will join two other countries in a new Cool Roofs Working Group to help reduce energy use in buildings worldwide and to mitigate the warming effects of climate change. The group will work together to promote the expansion of cool roofs through pilot projects, best practices and updated building codes. Finally, the U.S. will join the Sustainable Development of Hydropower initiative.
As part of the Clean Energy Education & Empowerment (C3E) initiative, the U.S. and eight partner governments held a high-level public forum on 'The Role of Women in the Clean Energy Revolution' in conjunction with the Ministerial. Three female ministers and eight distinguished panelists from clean energy-related fields participated in conversations about policies and programs to enhance women's leadership on clean energy around the world.
Other previously launched initiatives will continue to support the growing global market for renewable energy, while others will work to address policy and regulatory issues associated with carbon capture and storage, and support the development of markets for affordable, quality assured solar LED lanterns with a goal of facilitating improved lighting for more than 10 million of the world's poorest citizens by 2015.


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THE result of public consultations for the preferred site for new homes in Kings Worthy and Headbourne Worthy has been announced.
The parish council said that the site off Lovedon Lane, behind Loader Close, seems to be the preferred option by local people.
Other proposals included land off Hookpit Farm Lane or the wooded area near the Cart and Horses junction.
The latest parish council newsletter read: "In order to preserve the strategic gap with Abbots Worthy, councillors have met the landowners to see how we could ensure that the whole of the remaining field comes into public ownership. A compromise, to have 50 homes on the site, appears the best way of achieving this.
"It is possible that some development may encroach upon the edge of the bottom football pitch at Eversley Park. In exchange we would expect at least a replacement pitch on the remaining field."
They say the issues will be subject to further public consultation, including the possibility of community orchards, allotments and a country park, and more information will be available from autumn onwards.

subset: commoncrawl


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>Running 101>Gym workout then run?
First Race
Hot Chocolate 5K Chicago November 4, 2012 30:17
Second Race
Penguin in the Park 5K Decatur Illinois March 23,2013 27:08
Old , Ugly and slow
I agree I think it is better to lift and then run.
first race sept 1977 last race sept 2007
2014goals 1300 miles , 190 pounds , deadlift 400 touch my toes
Whichever I do 2nd is generally worse for having been 2nd.
You always want to put your primary workout at the beginning.
some call me Tim
If both are truly light workouts I can't see that the order makes much difference, and if 'light' and 'easy' are your watchwords throughout I can't imagine there'd be a problem doing both. Not knowing where you're at, it's hard to tell, but if it's all that easy, perhaps you should push your pace for a few of those miles and see what happens. You might surprise yourself.
A Saucy Wench
Whichever I do 2nd is generally worse for having been 2nd.
I find that lifting weights - even a hard lifting session - seems to warm me up for the run more. Some of my best runs have been after lifting. OTOH, running can suck the life out of my weights session unless I have time for fuel.
I have become Death, the destroyer of electronic gadgets
"When I got too tired to run anymore I just pretended I wasnt tired and kept running anyway" - dd, age 7
I have no idea if this is the 'right' thing to do, but I pretty regularly lift during my lunch break and do a hard workout (like a tempo, mile repeats, whatever) after work, maybe 4 hours later. It doesn't seem to be causing any issues. That said, on the rare occasion that I lift and run in the same gym session, I'll run first and lift second. Otherwise I'll feel pretty weak on the run.
Squidward Bike Rider
I actually do the opposite...run first, and then weight training workout. I would think of the light run as more as a warm up for the muscles.
Running will hurt your lifting more than lifting hurting your running.
If I do them both in the same day I would run early and lift about 10 hours later.
AKA bear2009
I have run to my gym (about 2.2mi), done a light weight workout, then run home. Usually the run home is a little faster (unplanned) than the run there. I have also found that the run after the weights decreases the amount of soreness from the weights the next day.
2013 Goals:
1. Start, stay, and finish the year uninjured!
I do this all of the time. Being a parent and running a business, time is short. Often times, I need to get my run and my weight workouts done in the same day. I usually workout for about 30 minutes and then go for an easy run. As for the pace, do what feels right for you. Everyone runs at their own pace.
I run first, then immediately do pull-ups or push-ups and lift weights. I keep the weightlifting exercises down to two a day 6 days a week so I can get them done quickly. I have 3 weight routines that hit the muscle groups twice a week.
I used to lift pretty heavy with running secondary, but now running is the focus of my fitness.


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FONTANA -The city offers its annual free tax assistance program at the Fontana Community Senior Center beginning Tuesday.
. The program is in partnership with the AARP Foundation Tax Aide program which helps low to moderate-income taxpayers 56 and older prepare their taxes.
The program is available every Tuesday through April 9 from 9 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.
Participants should bring Social Security cards or other official documentation for themselves, last year's tax return and W-2 forms.
The center is at 16710 Ceres Ave.
Information: 909-854-5156 or email: email@example.com or the AARP: 909–854-5151.


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Land O'Lakes Purina Feed announces the hiring of Martha Baker to the Livestock Marketing team.
Baker brings a significant dairy nutrition background to this new position, holding a Master's degree in Dairy Nutrition from the University of Georgia and a Bachelor's in Animal Science from Austin Peay State University in Tennessee. Her wealth of sales experience, combined with successful track records at the Nutrition Physiology Group, Linwood Management Group, Monsanto Dairy Business and Big Gain make her a strong addition to the Land O'Lakes Purina Feed dairy team.
"The Livestock Marketing group is excited to add Martha Baker to our team," says Elena Lindemann, dairy business and lactating livestock marketing leader with Land O'Lakes Purina Feed. "Martha will be the key liaison between the marketing and sales parts of our organization and will help grow the adoption of proprietary products through field trials, demonstrations and sales support. Her technical expertise and dairy nutrition insights are invaluable in helping enhance our product offerings and will also help us continue to develop new, breakthrough feeding programs and products for our customers."
Serving a dual role at Land O'Lakes Purina Feed, Baker's time will be equally disbursed as a dairy marketing nutritionist for the livestock marketing team and a dairy specialist for the New York sales division. Baker will work out of Amherst, N.Y.
Land O'Lakes Purina Feed LLC is North America's leading feed company serving producers nationwide through local cooperatives and independent dealerships by providing an extensive line of animal nutrition, ingredients and expertise.


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How did Michigan Cities Get Their Names? Part 5
We're happy to share with you another post in our ongoing series of how cities in Michigan got their names. Here is the naming history of five more cities, including one city whose founders' clever thinking was able to get their city named as county seat. In case you missed them, here are Part 1, Part 2, Part 3 and Part 4.
Marquette is surrounded by its past but also by new shops displaying artwork, restaurants serving whitefish, symphonies playing in restored historic structures, and theaters highlighting local and national talent.
The city of Marquette was founded with a different name. It was first called Worcester by a group of miners from a city by that name in Massachusetts. In 1850, the city was renamed to honor French Jesuit missionary Jaques Marquette, who famously explored the region.
The area that is now Livonia was known for its rich soil and abundant harvests, attracting pioneers from New England. It's believed they named the area after cities of similar names in New York state, Pennsylvania and, possibly, after a region near the Baltic sea comprising present day Estonia and Latvia.
The Sauk Indians originally lived in the Saginaw area before being driven out by the Ojibwe, or Chippewa Indians. The name, however, stuck. Saginaw is believed to mean "where the Sauk were." The first permanent settlement by those other than the Native Americans began in 1815 on the banks of the Saginaw River.
Originally named Bedford Center in 1859, "Temperance" was suggested by one of the founding land father's wives, who was a member of the Women's Christian Temperance Union. A petition was sent around, and the name was changed to Temperance. As you might imagine, the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages was prohibited for some time.
The name Cadillac comes from Native American language as "Kautawabet" meaning "Broken Tooth," after a Potawatamie chief who signed the Great Peace Treaty of 1825. The city was first organized in 1872 and called Clam Lake Village, but a dispute with the village of Sherman ensued over which city would hold the county seat. A group of politicians thought to change the name to Cadillac, after Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, an early Michigan explorer and founder of Detroit. Changing the name tricked the legislators, and Cadillac became the "new" county seat.


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Click on LIKE and get special discount on Crazy Girls tickets
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Eugene, OR
" Continuous improvement is better than delayed perfection. "
—Mark Twain
Mark Blaine teaches digital storytelling and interactive media at the University of Oregon School of Journalism and Communication. He has developed the introductory curriculum: a three-course series in digital and interactive storytelling, critical thinking and information design.
In his previous career he was a magazine editor, investigative reporter (with a focus on data reporting), and newspaper editor. He authored Whitewater: The Thrill and Skill of Running the World's Great Rivers in 2001 and is working on another book.


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Seventh Star Press is proud to reveal the new book trailer for H. David Blalock's Doom Angel, the third book in the Angelkiller Triad!
In Doom Angel, the final confrontation between Jonah Mason's Army and the Dark Minion Dorian Azrael doesn't just dictate the fate of the Angelkiller's resistance cell. It is the key battle in a larger, global Conflict that can turn the tide against the oncoming Armageddon. It all will come down to who survives when the smoke clears, and who will receive their final reward.
Doom Angel concludes the Angelkiller Triad, following Angelkiller and Traitor Angel.
To learn more about H. David Blalock and his work, please visit http://www.thrankeep.com
If you would like to read the Angelkiller Triad, here are some Amazon Links:
Book 1, Angelkiller:
Book 2, Traitor Angel:
Book 3, Doom Angel: http://www.amazon.com/Angel-Angelkiller-Triad-David-Blalock-ebook/dp/B00IZW44RK
For more information on Seventh Star Press, please visit http://www.seventhstarpress.com


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- September 11: Dutch Prosecutors Investigating Jeep and Suzuki Emissions news | 8 days ago
- August 9: Jeep Renegades Recalled Due to Overactive Warning Lights recalls | 41 days ago
- July 30: You Can Soon Legally Buy a 2017 Jeep Grand Cherokee and Ram 1500 news | 51 days ago
- July 21: Jeep Compass Recalled to Keep Batteries From Exploding recalls | 60 days ago
- July 15: Chrysler Recalls 442,000 Cars and SUVs Over Alternator Failures recalls | 66 days ago
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Louisville is off today.
Carolina - 11:30 - RHP Miseal DeJesus
Sarasota - 7:00 - RHP Jerry Gil
Dayton - 7:30 - RHP Oscar Castro
Louisville is off today.
Carolina - 11:30 - RHP Miseal DeJesus
Sarasota - 7:00 - RHP Jerry Gil
Dayton - 7:30 - RHP Oscar Castro
Carolina went down 1-2-3 in the first inning.
Carolina trails 1-0 in the 4th inning.
DeJesus: 3 IP, 3 H, 1 R, 2 BB, 1 K
I sure would like to see Misael get a good start after that shellacing he took.
Carolina trails 2-0 in the 6th inning. Cozart just singled with one out.
Carolina lost 8-4.
Heisey: 1-for-5
Cozart: 1-for-5
Francisco: 0-for-4
Parker: 0-for-3 walk
Griffin: 1-for-3 walk
Cumberland: 1-for-4 double
Kroski: 0-for-2 two walks
Castro: 2-for-4
Frazier: 0-for-1
DeJesus: 5.1 IP, 7 H, 3 ER, 2 BB, 2 K
Smit: 1.2 IP, 2 H, 0 ER, 1 BB, 2 K
Ben (Centerville, OH): Todd Frazier has started out the year raking for the Reds AA team in Carolina. If the Reds current platoon in LF doesn't start to produce more, could we see Frazier up in Cincinnati by the all-star break if he continues to hit the ball well?
Ben Badler: (2:02 PM ET ) It's possible, and Frazier is growing into one of my favorite unconventional types after watching him play this year. The arm bar in his swing is pronounced, but he generates so much torque in his swing that he's able to drive the ball with authority, and he's had no problems putting the barrel to the ball this year in Double-A.
What's an "arm bar" in a swing?
I thought that was a jiu-jitsu move!
"Bring on Rod Stupid!"
Frazier's front arm straightens long before his bat crosses the zone. Some people say that it should make it difficult to have a fluid motion with the bat toward the ball. It drives hitting instructors nuts sometimes, but I've seen a lot of successful hitters do the same thing. I think people are annoyed by it just because it's unconventional and looks awkward.
I like Frazier quite a bit, but I'm actually wondering if there's something to be worried about in his having no home runs in his first 75 at-bats.
Sarasota down 3-2
Mesoraco and Phipps both 1-1, double, 1 RBI
Sarasota down 6-3 in the 4th
Soto 2-2
No score in Dayton through 3 1/2
Castro: 3 IP, 1 hit, 3 K
Last edited by AmarilloRed; 04-29-2009 at 08:20 PM.
Sarasota down 8-4 after 4
No score in Dayton after 5
Castro: 5 IP, 1 hit, 0 runs, 3 K
Last edited by AmarilloRed; 04-29-2009 at 08:37 PM.
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Gomes will likely sit out World Baseball Classic
GOODYEAR, Ariz. -- Catcher Yan Gomes has yet not made a formal decision about participating in the World Baseball Classic, but he does know which way he is leaning.
As of now, Gomes is prioritizing his competition for a roster spot, and that likely means he will turn down the chance to suit up for Brazil next month.
"I still have to talk to some people," Gomes said on Monday. "But right now I'm leaning toward no."
Gomes, 25, has an opportunity to earn a spot on the Opening Day roster as a bench option for catcher, first base, third base, left field and designated hitter. And as Brazil's first native-born Major Leaguer, he feels he is still honoring his country by concentrating on his big league career.
"I want to make sure I'm focusing on the big leagues now," he said. "A lot of people say, 'You're playing for your country' and everything, but I feel like I'm contributing more to the country by being an established big leaguer.
"I know I'll probably take some heat, but it's my career. I'm still a huge supporter of Brazil baseball."
In fact, Gomes suited up for Brazil in November and helped the team clinch a spot in the tournament.
Last season, Gomes hit .328 with 13 home runs, 29 doubles and 59 RBIs in 79 games for Triple-A Las Vegas, and .204 with four homers and 13 RBIs in 43 games for Toronto. His big league numbers were pieced together between five stints with the Blue Jays.
Manager Terry Francona has made it clear that the team will support Gomes no matter what he decides to do. Gomes does not need to make an official decision until the final rosters are announced on Feb. 20.


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|Trad, Ice, 7 pitches, 1200', Grade III
|WI4 [details]
|early winter-winter
|Page Views:
|Submitted By:
|Leo Paik on Feb 11, 2002
|Comments on Stairway to Heaven
|Add Comment
|Show which comments —
By Julian Smith
From: Colorado Springs, CO
Feb 19, 2002
|Stairway to Heaven is in really good. The ice is in good condition, with the upper flow being nice plastic. The middle flow, maybe 3rd pitch or so, is the crux of the route, but is easiest on the right. The snow is pretty deep on the approach. The decent was not too bad with regards to avalanche conditions. I screwed up and left my climbing gloves at the base. Don't know who the other folks were that I shared the route with, but if you picked them up, please drop me a line. Many thanks. Cheers.
By evan freeman
From: South Lake Tahoe, CA
Dec 3, 2002
|As of 12 days ago Stairway was thin and running with water. I climbed the first pitch mixed... hopefully it's fattened up lately, but the weather has been warm.
By evan freeman
From: South Lake Tahoe, CA
Dec 9, 2002
|Climbed it last Thursday. It's not as fat as the photo in the guidebook, but is fully in and a nice outing. The crux pitch is indeed vertical for a ways...
By Anonymous Coward
Dec 14, 2003
|Stairway was in great shape Sunday-not too wet at all! Not a lot of snow makes the descent real easy....
By Matt Ledges
Feb 16, 2004
|Tim and I finally sent this one on the 14th after being turned back last December. Everything came together, just one of those days...Blue sky, warm, no wind, quality ice, first party (of three) on the route. Snowshoes were helpful, though there wasn't much of the white stuff on the route. P1 starting to get a bit hacked out. P3 was the crux, felt like 4+. Could only get one good screw 8 feet into the 40 foot vertical start to the right. Lefthand start per Jack was the same. A bit chendeliered here, lots of air pockets. Tense. P5 fat, blue, plastic. A much welcomed finish. Reasonable walk-off and a sustained glissade down. Still smiling!
By Tim Judkins
From: Salt Lake City, UT
Feb 16, 2004
|Matt and I approached STH by crossing the drainage on a bridge near the cabin. We headed up from there and traversed northeast-ish to the climb. It may have been a bit quicker, but the normal approach is probably safer in terms of avoiding slides.
By "H" Lampasso
From: Manitou Springs
Feb 22, 2010
|As of 2010 February 19, SWTH is in FAT!!! Unfortunately we picked a bad weekend to head down there. Avi danger went from considerable to high. We started climbing Whorehouse, but got hammered by very heavy spindrift that knocked me off.
By Mark D.
From: Santa Fe
Apr 21, 2010
|This is a great route! Maybe it was the day, but when you have 300 meters of fat ice in mid April things are pretty good. T-shirt weather and sticky placements. Still steep though on Pitch 1, 3, 5.
By Joe Tebbe
Mar 3, 2011
This was my second back country lead on ice. The conditions were great!
I lead pitch 1 & 4, Tom lead pitch 2, and Mark lead pitch 3. At pitch 4, we decided to rappel because of ice melt from afternoon sun. Next time, start earlier in AM later in the season.
By Anastasia B
From: Portland, OR
Apr 16, 2014
rating: WI4+
|Climbed it in late December 2013. Fat ice, P3 felt harder than a 4, bad AMS.


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What is It?Series teasers are where you try to complete the sequence of a series of letters, numbers or objects.
What is the missing number?
5 90 53 __ 11286 11249 11823
HintThe first step of the rule is *18, followed by two more steps, then repeated.
AnswerThe rule is *18, -37, and +574. Then, repeat it once more.
The number is 627.
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The Effect of Botox on Children With Cerebral Palsy
This study has been completed.
Shriners Hospitals for Children
United Cerebral Palsy Foundation
Information provided by:
Shriners Hospitals for Children
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: July 18, 2007
Last updated: July 21, 2010
Last verified: January 2009
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
Botulinum toxin injections are a common form of treatment for children with cerebral palsy to help reduce muscle tightness and help them walk without resorting to surgery. While the treatment is beneficial, it requires that the therapy be repeated every six months, which can be costly and may eventually result in the therapy not being effective over time. The study being conducted at Shriners Hospitals for Children, Philadelphia, will examine the effects of botulinum toxin injections, not only on walking, but on the changes it causes in the muscle, brain and spinal cord. The changes in the muscle, brain and spinal cord, called neuromuscular plasticity, have not been extensively examined in response to botulinum toxin, and could provide insight into how botulinum toxin works and how to make it more effective. This study will focus on children with cerebral palsy between the ages of 4 and 12 years, with only one leg involved and who would normally be receiving botulinum toxin injections of the lower leg to help improve walking. The children will be asked to come into the hospital for a full day before they receive the injection, and then again after four and twelve weeks to look at the changes in the muscle, brain and spinal cord. This will involve recording them while they walk, measurements of the muscle reflexes, and recording their brain activity while the move their ankle (also known as functional magnetic resonance imaging or fMRI). A group of children with typical development will also be asked to participate in the study to act as a comparison group. The researchers believe that examining the changes in the muscles, brain and spinal cord in response to the injection will aid in the understanding how better to use botulinum toxin to achieve better or longer lasting changes.
|Cerebral Palsy
|Drug: Botulinum Toxin A
|Phase 1 Phase 2
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Time Perspective: Prospective
|Official Title:
|The Effect of Botulinum Toxin on Neuromuscular Function in the Child With Cerebral Palsy
Resource links provided by NLM:
MedlinePlus related topics: Botox Cerebral Palsy Paralysis
Drug Information available for: OnabotulinumtoxinAU.S. FDA Resources
Further study details as provided by Shriners Hospitals for Children:
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|4 Years to 12 Years (Child)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
|Sampling Method:
|Non-Probability Sample
Study Population
Children with spastic hemiplegic or diplegic CP, GMFCS Level I or II
Inclusion Criteria:
- A diagnosis of spastic hemiplegic or diplegic CP
- Children must be ambulatory without the use of assistive devices
- Children must be between the ages of 4 and 12 years
- Children must be cleared by an orthopedic surgeon for risk of hip subluxation or dislocation and cannot have significant scoliosis (curvature > 40 degrees)
- Children must be seizure-free or seizure controlled
- Children must have visuoperceptual skills and cognitive/communication skills sufficient to follow multiple step commands and to attend to tasks associated with data collection
- Children's passive range of motion in lower extremity joints must be less than 20 degrees of flexion contracture at the hips as measured by the Thomas Test, at least 20 degrees of hip abduction bilaterally, les than 0 degrees of knee flexion contracture, popliteal angle less than 55 degrees, and at least 0 degrees of ankle dorsiflexion with the knee extended while the foot is in varus
- Children who are planning to undergo botulinum toxin injections of the gastrocnemius and/or soleus muscles without serial casting as clinically dictated for the treatment of muscle spasticity
Exclusion Criteria:
- Children who have a diagnosis of "mixed" types of CP (i.e. athetosis) or other movement disorders (i.e. ataxia)
- Children who have had a selective dorsal rhizotomy, are presently are receiving intrathecal Baclofen, or have changed their spasticity medications in the past 6 months.
- Children who have a metallic or electrical implants
- Children who are unable to stay in the MRI machine for the 8 to 10 minute duration of the exam.
- Children who have a history of claustrophobia.
- Female children cannot be pregnant. A pregnancy test will be given if it is possible that the child can become pregnant, to ascertain whether or not the child is pregnant.
- Children who are planning to receive serial casting post botox injection.
Contacts and Locations
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below. For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00503620
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00503620
|United States, Pennsylvania
|Shriners Hospitals for Children
|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19140
Sponsors and Collaborators
Shriners Hospitals for Children
United Cerebral Palsy Foundation
|Principal Investigator:
|Richard T Lauer, PhD
|Shriners Hospitals for Children
More Information
Keywords provided by Shriners Hospitals for Children:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017
|Responsible Party:
|Richard T. Lauer, Shriners Hospitals for Children
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT00503620 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|Study First Received:
|July 18, 2007
|Last Updated:
|July 21, 2010
Keywords provided by Shriners Hospitals for Children:
Cerebral Palsy
Botulinum Toxin
Neuromuscular Function
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Cerebral Palsy
Neurologic Manifestations
Nervous System Diseases
Signs and Symptoms
Brain Damage, Chronic
Brain Diseases
Central Nervous System Diseases
Botulinum Toxins
Botulinum Toxins, Type A
Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors
Membrane Transport Modulators
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
Cholinergic Agents
Neurotransmitter Agents
Physiological Effects of Drugs
Neuromuscular Agents
Peripheral Nervous System Agents
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on September 21, 2017


text:
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apap/dichloralphenazone/isometheptene (generic name)
Midrin (brand name)
It is used to treat migraine or tension headaches
(a seet a MIN oh fen; dye klor al PHEN a zone; eye soe me THEP teen)
Table of Contents
Top Learning Centers(Recursos en Español)
What is this medicine?ACETAMINOPHEN; DICHLORALPHENAZONE; ISOMETHEPTENE (a seet a MIN oh fen; dye klor al PHEN a zone; eye soe me THEP teen) is a pain reliever. It is used to treat migraine or tension headaches.
What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
How should I use this medicine?Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. If taking for migraine headache, do not take more than 5 capsules in any 12-hour period. If taking for tension headache, do not take more than 8 capsules a day. Do not take your medicine more often than directed.
Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children.
What if I miss a dose?If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. If it is almost time for your next dose, take only that dose. Do not take double or extra doses.
What may interact with this medicine?Do not take this medicine with any of the following medications:
This medicine may also interact with the following medications:
What should I watch for while using this medicine?Visit your doctor or health care provider for regular check ups. Tell your doctor if your pain does not go away, if it gets worse, or if you have new or a different type of pain. Do not share this medicine with anyone else.
This medicine contains acetaminophen. Many over the counter medicines also contain acetaminophen as an ingredient. To prevent overdose, read labels carefully. Do not take this medicine with other acetaminophen products.
You may get drowsy or dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs mental alertness until you know how this medicine affects you. Do not stand or sit up quickly, especially if you are an older patient. This reduces the risk of dizzy or fainting spells. Alcohol may interfere with the effect of this medicine. Avoid alcoholic drinks.
What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):


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BP Comment Quick Links
|Strength of Schedule Report
April 3, 2013
The Lineup Card
10 Milestones to Look Forward to in 2013
1. Mark Ellis' 100th Homer
2. The Angels (4143-4152) Moving Their Franchise Record Above .500
At the end of the 2001 season, the franchise was not only title-less, but it had 224 more losses than wins. The next year, they went 99-63 on the way to a ring and started the mad rush to historical mediocrity. After nine winning seasons in 11 years, they just need an 87-75 record in 2013 to ensure that, at some point this year, they will have been over .500. Seems reasonable with this collection of talent. —Zachary Levine
3. Stephen Vogt's Pursuit of the All-Time Hitless-Streak-to-Start-a-Career Record
4. Matt Cain's 100th Win
Yet, for all of his contributions on the mound, the Giants' ace entered 2013 with a career ledger of 85-78, which stayed unchanged on Monday, when his team's offense failed to push across a run against Dodgers starter Clayton Kershaw. Cain did not even cross the .500 mark for his career until last season, and his poor record stands in stark contrast to those of his comparable contemporaries, such as Angels ace Jered Weaver, who has made 208 starts and logged a 3.23 ERA since his 2006 debut. Weaver's own no-decision on Monday kept his career mark at 102-52; he picked up his 100th win last September 18, in his 204th career start.
The Giants offense, though still far from elite, has come a long way from the days when Bengie Molina hit cleanup, and when Cain was saddled with a 7-16 record in 2007 in exchange for his 3.65 ERA. If Cain can maintain his improvements from last season, and if the Giants' top bats stay healthy, he should finally approach the century mark by the end of the season. And when he does, it will be a well-deserved milestone that's at least a year overdue. —Daniel Rathman
5. Juan Pierre Passing Joe DiMaggio on the All-Time Hits List
6. Jim Thome Breaking Reggie Jackson's All-Time Strikeout Record
Thome couldn't have started much earlier. He came up with Cleveland at age 20 but didn't really start striking out until his mid-20s. Kids need time to develop. The '94 strike hurt, as did breaking his hand in '98. And he missed huge chunks of 2005 thanks to a bad back and an elbow injury that required surgery.
The '05 injuries opened the door for Ryan Howard, who needs 154 strikeouts of his own to catch Frank Howard at 59th all-time. From there it's another 1,088 to catch Thome, so let's not carve that in stone just yet.
Then again, Adam Dunn may have fanned 565 times by the time you finish reading this sentence, rendering Thome's pursuit of Jackson moot. Dunn stands a good chance of holding the record someday, but not today. Let Thome have it for a while. Dear some team: Please sign this man so we can all watch history unfold together. We promise to fold it back nicely once we're done watching. —Geoff Young
7. Billy Butler Breaking Steve Balboni's Record of 36 Homers in a Season
8. Joe Mauer Breaks the Record for Plate Appearances by a Catcher 6'4" or Taller
Joe Mauer, who stands 6'5", will turn 30 two weeks from Friday. He has already missed most of one season with lower-leg problems, and last year he split his time about evenly between catcher and first base/DH. Mauer is signed through 2018 at an annual cost of $23 million, which he probably won't be worth if he has to switch positions soon.
Only two players 6'4" or taller have spent any significant amount of time at catcher and made more career plate appearances than Mauer has now:
Johnny Edwards, 5132
Mauer is 308 plate appearances behind Alomar and 575 behind Edwards. If he stays healthy, he'll pass both of them this season. Beyond that, he'll be in uncharted territory for a catcher his height, with five seasons and $115 million to go.
So how long can a 6-foot-5 catcher keep catching? Given the lack of career comparables, we could say that history is no help in answering that question. But maybe the lack of tall catchers who've lasted longer than Mauer is the only answer we need. —Ben Lindbergh
9. Derek Jeter's 250th Career Error
OK, so this isn't exactly a milestone worth celebrating, but for a player who once committed 56 errors in a minor-league season, it is a testament to the strides one can make on defense (and with a little help from the scorekeeper). If that's not enough, Jeter can take comfort in the fact that, barring extremely unforeseen circumstances, he will never catch Herman Long's record of 1,096 errors. —Stephani Bee
10. Jamie Moyer Pitches at 50
14 comments have been left for this article.
BP Comment Quick Links
I realize that most of these are rather tongue-in-cheek, but if you're calling our attention to Pierre's and Thome's accomplishments, surely it would have been possible for someone to point out that Albert Pujols is well within reach of a rather more significant counting-stat milestone (if "significant" and "counting stat" don't constitute a contradiction in terms).
Apr 03, 2013 06:00 AM
"He has produced just 19.9 WARP in his career..."
Apr 03, 2013 07:55 AM
What about Bryce Harper's 763rd home run? Or are you thinking 2014 for that?
Apr 03, 2013 08:12 AM
Carlton Fisk was 6-3, which for the era was equivalent to 6-7 given the improvements to diet, conditioning since then. He caught about 2400 games, so I'd think the worries about Mauer staying at catcher might be overblown.
Apr 03, 2013 08:20 AM
Fisk didn't play 1/2 his games on turf for the first 5+ years of his career like Mauer did. That takes a toll on one's back, knees and feet.
Apr 03, 2013 09:02 AM
Not sure why that would be a problem unless they had turf around the plate and on the basepaths at the metrodome. catchers will be the least affected by turf. And the equipment improvements would more than make up for that.
Apr 03, 2013 11:42 AM
Huh? Under the basepaths was concrete, just as under the turf, unlike in a baseball stadium, where under the dirt is more dirt and under the grass is dirt.
Apr 03, 2013 11:47 AM
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After Minors start, Miller ready for regular season
CINCINNATI -- Shelby Miller joined the Cardinals in Cincinnati on Saturday evening after throwing an estimated 70 pitches in a Triple-A game at spring camp. The start was Miller's fifth and final of the spring and puts him on schedule to start for the Cardinals in Friday's series opener against the Pirates.
"I threw well," Miller said a day after the outing. "Curveball was great. My fastball command was excellent."
Miller allowed one run on six hits and a walk in four innings. He struck out two. Three of those hits, Miller said, came in succession during his final inning of work -- all on a cutter that Miller said was having a tough time breaking in windy conditions.
Conversely, Miller described his curveball as the best it has been this spring.
"I figured my grip out and got my arm where I wanted it to be," Miller said. "That pitch is coming along way better."
In his four Grapefruit League starts, Miller allowed nine earned runs on 12 hits in 13 2/3 innings. He walked six and struck out 13.
Jenifer Langosch is a reporter for MLB.com. Read her blog, By Gosh, It's Langosch, and follow her on Twitter @LangoschMLB. This story was not subject to the approval of Major League Baseball or its clubs.


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Jerry Ostwinkle glared out his front window across the street at the green trucks with white government license plates that had staked out his home for the past several days. It wouldn't be long before three federal wildlife agents would be walking up his driveway.
The knock came, and seeing the swell of 38 millimeter revolvers on their backs, Ostwinkle armed himself with a .45 and opened the door. They had come for his golden eagle.
Ostwinkle took them around back where the young female raptor perched, recently rescued from a backyard swimming pool in Tucson and brought to Ostwinkle by a wildlife rehabilitator there. Ostwinkle, a master falconer and recognized expert on birds of prey, didn't try to stop the agents. But he wasn't about to let them carry her away in the small box they brought, which contained a perch so tiny in diameter the eagle would have wrapped its 3-inch talons around it and stabbed itself with its own claws.
Ostwinkle gave the agents his own bird box, and seeing their hesitation, he even picked up the eagle and placed it inside. The agents eventually took the bird to a falconer in New Mexico for safekeeping. And that wasn't the end of it. Ostwinkle's life gradually would be turned upside down.
It was like an amateur drug bust, Ostwinkle says. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service had been monitoring him for months as part of "Arizona Falconers," a massive sting operation that targeted several high-profile falconers. The investigation produced numerous charges, but few convictions -- court records indicate that the evidence, in most cases, was considered too minor to warrant prosecution.
By federal law, eagles are a protected species. Ostwinkle, however, is a hunted man.
Despite more than 3,000 hours of experience with golden eagles and permits that allowed him to have the rare birds, Ostwinkle says officials from the federal wildlife service have done everything they can to keep him away from birds of prey.
They have revoked his master-level falconry and eagle permits, hauled him into court with falsified documents and come to his door twice, each time to take away one of his golden eagles. "What they did was nothing less than abuse," he says. "You can't get rid of them. They will not go away."
Ostwinkle is tangling with an agency that is bullish in its regulation of falconry, an ancient sport practiced today by fewer than 6,000 people nationwide. Stringent regulations have put falconers, a rugged and often anti-government breed, at odds with regulators, who have never been completely comfortable seeing wild birds under human control.
"The feds think what we do with these birds is a selfish thing and we shouldn't have them," says Ostwinkle. "People are simply flying birds, minding their own business and spending their own money. They don't deserve what they get."
What falconers get is everything from paperwork hassles to search warrants on their homes. State and federal wildlife officials say the enforcement is necessary to ensure that migratory birds are treated properly. Regulation keeps falconers honest, they say. The Arizona Falconers Association had gotten lax in reporting the acquisition and transfer of birds, and the sting operation forced them to police themselves and improve their image, says Mike Senn, assistant director of field operations for Arizona Game and Fish.
"It made the Arizona Falconers Association clean up their act," he says.
The bigger problem, regulators say, is that falconers can get too close to their birds, treating them like personal property. And some end up making the wrong decisions.
"Birds are something that are a public trust. That's something people have trouble understanding," says Cyndi Perry, chief of the bird conservation branch of the Fish and Wildlife Service. "That bird is not that person's bird, it's the country's bird, and they are under permit to hold it."
But falconers consider the birds their personal responsibility, and therefore their personal property. Asking a falconer to detach himself from his bird is unrealistic, falconers say. The birds are their passion.
Rex, Ostwinkle's second golden eagle, was like one of his children. Saved from almost certain death as a baby, Rex was raised by Ostwinkle until the bird was five years old. On April 29, 1998, federal wildlife agents took Ostwinkle's permits and seized Rex, leaving Ostwinkle feeling like the parent of a lost child. "It crushed me for them to take Rex. It absolutely killed me," says Ostwinkle, his booming voice softening a bit. "That was the hardest thing I ever had to do in my life."
Standing in his shop in dusty jeans and a worn tee shirt emblazoned with a drawing of Rex, the 41-year-old builder talks with quiet frustration about the collapse of his life since Rex was seized. His children suffered without the bird, which had become their playmate. Work suffered as he lost sleep and yelled all day at the workers he supervised. And his wife nearly left him.
"He's got a lot of anger," says Pam Ostwinkle. "When Jerry was home, he was never home. His mind was someplace else. I got to a point I couldn't stand it."
Ostwinkle and his friend and fellow falconer Gary Lollman, whose permits were also revoked, started drinking too much, Ostwinkle says. Their lives, consumed by an obsession with birds of prey, had been stripped away.
The State of Arizona sued the two falconers for their part in having Rex filmed at the Grand Canyon for a commercial for the Bravo Card, a now-discontinued credit card that Dean Witter was promoting at the time.
The Arizona Game and Fish Department had records of the financial arrangements the falconers made for the shoot, and they caught Lollman advertising raptors for filming purposes, with a credit for the Bravo Card commercial. The department says their permits did not allow the commercial use of raptors. Ostwinkle was also charged with failing to register one of his falcons by having the department put a band on its leg within the federal government's five-day limit. A court in Page found them both guilty.
Then Lollman and Ostwinkle discovered that dates on the department's investigative reports had been altered to meet the statute of limitations. The state failed to file suit within the one-year requirement, so officials made it appear that the investigation began later, thereby falling within the statute of limitations, according to court documents.
The case was dismissed on appeal in December 1998.
The ruling provided little solace for Lollman, who was still facing the repercussions of a search warrant served on his home one Sunday night in 1995. Federal agents scoured every corner of his house from 7 p.m. until midnight, looking through cupboards, the freezer and his wife's underwear drawer. They even opened her box of tampons and peeled each one open. Lollman says they were looking for any evidence that he was commercializing wildlife.
They found a videotape of the Bravo commercial shoot, and they seized eagle feathers and several raptor skulls and wings, items they argued were illegally in his possession. Lollman used the bones for educational presentations, he says, and he was allowed to have the feathers as part of his eagle permit. Lollman was on a waiting list for a golden eagle, and Ostwinkle had given him the feathers so that Lollman would have replacements if his eagle's feathers were ever damaged.
A federal court found him guilty, giving the Fish and Wildlife Service one of its few convictions as part of Arizona Falconers. Lollman got a fine, probation and suspension of his license for a year, but the convictions sunk even deeper into his life. When the Camp Verde Town Council and the local newspaper caught wind of the ruling, Lollman was pushed out of his eight-year job as the town's recreation and maintenance director. He has since been hired in a similar job for the Yavapai-Apache Indian Community, but his days of doing field research on spotted owls for Humboldt University, being called "bird man" for his presentations at schools and being president of the Arizona Falconers Association are over, he says.
"I became passionate . . . then it all gets yanked away," says Lollman. "People could care less what happens to us."
Lollman has given up the fight. His family grew tired of the suspicious clicks during telephone conversations, and of being constantly paranoid that federal agents were watching over them, he says.
But Ostwinkle will stop at nothing to get his eagle and his permits back. After years of spending more time in the wild with birds of prey than with his family, Ostwinkle says the last thing he will tolerate is a bureaucrat behind a desk telling him what to do with his raptors.
"Rex was my property," he says. "He was permitted to me, and I didn't do anything that was not falconry."
To win, Ostwinkle must beat the federal government in court, a feat that his fellow falconers say is impossible. "Jerry will be doing this 'til the day he dies," says Lollman. "He's so tenacious, but I have concerns. I don't think you can take on the government and win."
Ostwinkle is taking on an opponent that is often zealous in its mission to protect migratory birds. Oversight of falconers is an important part of that mission, says Steve Middleton, a supervisor and special agent for the Fish and Wildlife Service. "It's a pretty strictly regulated sport because falconers are permitted to do something that no one else is allowed to do: take a wild raptor from the wild."
But for too long, Fish and Wildlife Service officials have gone too far, Ostwinkle says, and it's time to hold them accountable for their strong-arm tactics. When federal wildlife agents took away Rex, they trampled on his constitutional protection against unlawful seizure of his property, he says.
"What if it was my firearm?" Ostwinkle asks. "They took away my birthright the day they walked in my backyard and took away my bird."
The drama that unfolded between Ostwinkle and the federal government is full of patriotic symbolism: The Fish and Wildlife Service, the guardian of public resources, takes away a citizen's eagle, a symbol of American independence. Now that private citizen is fighting his own revolutionary war to get his eagle and his freedom back from what he considers a tyrannical government agency.
History provides a concrete foundation for the drama Ostwinkle is living out.
To stop the indiscriminate slaughter of migratory birds by hunters, Congress passed the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918. Since then, federal officials have enforced regulations designed to protect these birds. But they have also had to contend with falconers who, like hunters, were given certain rights to birds of prey.
With hunting, regulation is easier. Hunting seasons and other limitations control the amount of prey that will be killed. With falconry, which involves regulating the way a person treats a live bird, oversight is more complicated.
Anyone can take state and federal tests for permits to capture, fly and keep falcons, hawks and other migratory birds. Permit holders must comply with a slate of regulations dictating everything from the type of birds falconers can have to the type of shelter they must provide.
While many falconers support the tight regulations -- drawn up with the help of the North American Falconers Association -- others say enforcement is often unfair and heavy-handed.
Mike Marks says he never had a violation of his falconry permit until he was issued five paperwork violations three years ago, when federal wildlife agents were trying to get him to provide information about Ostwinkle and Bruce Taubert, an Arizona Game and Fish official and falconer who was charged by the Fish and Wildlife Service with violating his falconry permit. Records from Arizona Game and Fish and the Fish and Wildlife Service show that Ostwinkle, Taubert, Lollman and other falconers were targeted in the Arizona Falconers probe.
"They painted this picture of these guys trafficking in birds," says Marks, a soft-spoken falconer who plans to keep his goshawk, Sage, as long as she will stay with him. "They think everyone is a criminal. They think we're just out there trading birds."
Taubert was charged with failing to get written authorization to place his prairie falcon in the temporary care of another, and for being about a week late in reporting the acquisition of a prairie falcon. The Arizona Game and Fish Department refused to prosecute, saying the charges were too minor to warrant court action.
"Most judges would not consider forgetting to leave a note with a friend or reporting the capture of a raptor a few days late worthy of taking up their valuable court time," says Thomas Spalding, deputy director of Arizona Game and Fish, in a letter responding to the federal charges. "In the years I personally enforced state falconry regulations, these occurrences were brought to the citizen's attention with warnings rather than burdening the court system and prejudicing the judges against black and white wildlife violations. Past department attempts at prosecuting these types of offenses have resulted in a zero average."
Authorities say the tension between falconers and the federal government has existed since the sport was legalized by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. But falconers say their chilly relations froze over the day the Fish and Wildlife Service commenced a nationwide sting operation against falconers 20 years ago.
In "Operation Falcon," federal wildlife agents used Jeff McPartlin, a falconer they arrested for illegal trafficking of birds, to lead them to other falconers suspected of similar violations. By offering to buy the birds illegally, undercover agents nabbed dozens of falconers.
The sting created a deep divide between the government and falconers, who still wince at the memory of that time.
"There's some real harsh feelings," says Harry McElroy, a 70-year-old falconer who has been flying raptors since 1948. "There was no question there was entrapment."
What the government fails to see is how well falconers treat their birds, and how much they have done for the species, McElroy and other falconers say. When the pesticide DDT threatened the survival of peregrine falcons 30 years ago, falconers learned how to breed them in captivity and release them in the wild, helping to save them from extinction.
"We've learned more about raptors because of these people right here," says Chris Williamson, a former insect collector and raptor enthusiast, during a day spent with a group of falconers while they flew their birds. "If you didn't have guys like this, who liked birds this much, you wouldn't have peregrine falcons or the number of raptors in the sky today."
Ostwinkle's work with Rex was no less heroic. Bumped out of the nest by his siblings, the golden eagle was discovered in the Hualapai Mountains near Kingman by hikers who fed Rex their food for several days before taking him to the Adobe Mountain Wildlife Center. The baby bird was malnourished and appeared to have a head injury, so the center turned to Ostwinkle, an experienced volunteer. Ostwinkle agreed to rehabilitate the 45-day-old eagle and return it to the wild, if possible.
"When we got the eagle, they thought it had two days, max, to live," says Ostwinkle, his face tanned a deep brown from days in the sun. "We never had an eagle this young."
Rex surprised everyone and lived. Force-fed egg yolks and syrups to build up his electrolytes, Rex continued to grow. And the bird wasn't injured. The hole in his head reported by those who found him was his ear. Soon, it would be time to start teaching him what food was.
Ostwinkle placed two rabbits in Rex's chamber, and for eight days, Rex played with them -- until Ostwinkle killed the first rabbit and showed him what was under the fur. The next day, Rex killed the second rabbit.
Now the eagle needed to learn to hunt, but it wouldn't be easy. Every time Ostwinkle took Rex out to find prey, the eagle failed and nearly starved. Ostwinkle sat down with his wife and his employer to discuss the time off he would need to train Rex, and for the next nine months, he took the eagle to the mountainsides to learn to fly, spot prey and dive down for the kill. Gradually, Rex became a supreme hunter, killing up to half a dozen jackrabbits each week.
Without Ostwinkle, Rex would never have learned to be a golden eagle.
Like other falconers, Ostwinkle lived a life that revolved around birds of prey. He would spend hours a day manning the various raptors in his care, getting them used to people and to latching onto his gloved fist. But the biggest commitment was to flying the birds and hunting with them, sometimes with fellow falconers whose passion for the sport brings them back to a remote area off Interstate 17 and Dugas Road, southeast of Prescott.
Standing around the campfire drinking beer and cooking sausage on a chilly October morning, the falconers look like any group of guys on a camping trip, except for the ring of falcons and hawks behind them, tethered to wrought-iron perches. Occasionally one leaps off, its fluttering wings yanked back to the ground in mid-flight.
The men spend the next few hours talking about the birds, turning around every so often to check on them, like worried parents.
"It's not a sport, it's not a hobby, it's a passion," says Ted Diamont, a retired New York police officer and falconer who prefers to fly goshawks. "It's a part of your life, your soul."
Most falconers are obsessed with their birds, he says; some have lost their jobs, their income and their wives over the feathered animals. Ostwinkle confirms this, blaming falconry for the breakup of his first marriage.
"You're giving up quite a lot," Ostwinkle says, adding that probably two-thirds of falconers are divorced because of the sport. "Once you're in the zone, you think of nothing else but the bird."
The thrill is in the hunt, the falconers say, as they wait for the weight of their birds to drop. Soon the birds are hungry enough to be loaded in the trucks and driven up the hill, where jackrabbits and other small prey are hiding in the bushes.
"If we ever get in a head-on, we'll all be decapitated by our perches," jokes Marks before untying Sage, his goshawk, and placing her onto the bar behind his seat.
The birds wobble back and forth as the four-wheel-drive trucks bounce up the mountain, but the birds are calm with their hoods on. At the top, Alan Malnar takes out Jackie, his red-tail hawk, removes her hood and raises his glove in the air. As Jackie lunges from his fist, the falconers scatter across the mountainside, using sticks to beat the bushes in their path. They are "flushing" the area, or scaring prey from their hiding places, and Jackie is following them overhead. Suddenly, a jackrabbit darts into a bush and the falconers scream, "Ho! Ho! Ho!" Jackie dive-bombs through cat's claw and sinks her talons into the white fur, the jackrabbit squealing in pain.
"You hear that squeal?" asks Diamont. "That's what we live for. It's almost better than sex."
The rabbit is drenched in blood, but as Malnar rushes to the scene, he hovers over Jackie, panicked about the feathers the thorny bush ripped from her chest. "She's freaking. I've got to let her settle down."
Jackie is rewarded for the kill with meat, and the group starts the hunt again with another bird. "This is a blood sport," says Diamont. "It's an addiction."
The addiction comes from sheer awe of the birds, falconers say, watching the beauty of their flight and their power and precision when killing prey. It's the reward for the hours of training to get raptors to return to them after a day of hunting.
After years of working with falcons and hawks, Ostwinkle's reward was to one day have a golden eagle. Rex more than fulfilled that ambition.
Having been in close contact with Ostwinkle for months, Rex had begun to depend on him for his every need, a process called imprinting. Rex would call to Ostwinkle, the same way an eyas, or baby eagle, calls to its mother from the nest. If another bird scared him, Rex would scurry for cover between Ostwinkle's legs. In his truck, on the way home from a day of hunting, the eagle would sleep in Ostwinkle's lap.
The intense imprinting meant that Rex could never be released into the wild. It also meant trouble for Ostwinkle with Kamile McKeever, legal instruments examiner for the Fish and Wildlife Service, who expected the bird to be either released to the wild or sent to a zoo.
"The bird was allowed to be in his possession, but it is not his bird," she says. "It's a public resource. It belongs to you; it belongs to me."
Ostwinkle refused to give Rex up, insisting that the best place for the eagle was in his care. He then went over McKeever's head, getting approval from law enforcement officials at the Fish and Wildlife Service -- a maneuver that left a sore spot with McKeever, who hasn't trusted him since, Ostwinkle says.
With Rex, Ostwinkle became one of only a handful of falconers nationwide to legally possess a golden eagle. He says he's been accused of having Rex imprint on him so he could keep him, but he insists it's not true. "Because Rex was 45 days old, I thought there was no way it would imprint. I had no idea they were that intelligent."
Most birds of prey imprint to their mothers within the first two months of life, authorities say. Falconers who take birds after that time can usually avoid imprinting behavior and safely release the bird back into the wild. Eagles, however, are different.
Because of what he learned from Rex, Ostwinkle says he believes any eagle taken and released in its first year of life will die in the wild without proper training.
The observation is groundbreaking, some wildlife biologists say, and it could change the way rehabilitators prepare captured young eagles for release in the wild.
"There should be no question of his expertise in the natural history of eagles, falcons and other birds of prey, and the conditioning techniques necessary to return them to wild condition," says Thomas Hildebrandt, a wildlife program manager for the Arizona Game and Fish Department. Hildebrandt wrote a letter supporting Ostwinkle's desire to start "hacking" eagles back into the wild.
The hacking technique has proved successful in releasing young peregrine falcons and other juvenile raptors because it avoids the imprinting process, Ostwinkle says. A bird is placed in a box, high upon a pole, which it learns to think of as its nest. Without human contact, food is lifted to the bird, usually something in full form, like a jackrabbit carcass, so the bird recognizes what it is eating.
Slowly, the food supply is reduced to a live rabbit that is bound and easy to catch. The approach mimics what mother eagles do, which is injure prey so their young ones can get their first easy kill. After that, food is cut off, forcing the hungry birds to leave the hack site.
While they are away, the box is replaced with a scale, which the falconer watches from afar through a telescope. When the bird returns, the falconer can check its weight to see if it caught and ate anything. If not, the process of feeding and hunger motivation starts over again, until the bird becomes a successful hunter.
For young eagles, whose learning curve is longer than other raptors, hacking is crucial for their reintroduction into the wild, says Ostwinkle. But so far, he hasn't had the chance to try out a hack site on eagles. The female raptor from Tucson was going to be his first one, helped along by Rex, who would act as her surrogate parent. But the Fish and Wildlife Service took her away before Ostwinkle had the chance to hack out the younger eagle, and now she's imprinted and nonreleasable for sure, he says.
Had the female eagle stayed with him, she would have been successfully returned to the wild, where she would have reproduced, says Ostwinkle. As an imprinted raptor, however, she is unable to mate with another bird of prey. "When they took that eagle from me, they lost 20 eagles because she can't breed,'' he says.
Hacking of eagles and other birds of prey is not commonly done because it is so time-consuming, says Hildebrandt. But he says it may be an option wildlife specialists should look into. "Although we feel like we're doing good things, it may not be enough," he says. "Jerry's findings may increase our workload."
With his permits revoked, however, Ostwinkle can no longer work with raptors from the United States, and he cannot use the hack site his friend and fellow falconer Bill O'Brien helped him set up on federal land O'Brien leases at Eagletail Ranch, west of Phoenix.
The loss has been staggering for Ostwinkle, whose devotion to eagles and other birds of prey has attracted a strong following in the falconry community. Although some falconers have kept their distance for fear of being dragged into his battles with the federal government, many admire his convictions.
"I don't know how to help him," says Morley Nelson, a well-known falconer who is credited with changing the American mindset about eagles and other raptors with the 11 films he did, including seven with Walt Disney. Nelson has golden and bald eagles, some of which were used in the films to show audiences that the birds were beautiful, smart creatures, not vermin to be shot and killed.
The filming effort succeeded, he says, but whether Ostwinkle can prevail is uncertain. "He's got a lot of problems, but he's fighting it beautifully."
Ostwinkle is brash and unafraid to speak his mind, characteristics that have not helped his tangles with the government, says O'Brien. "Jerry needs a keeper when he's talking to bureaucrats."
With short, unbrushed hair that used to hang below his shoulder blades, Ostwinkle has had a life far removed from bureaucracy. His mother, Carol Ostwinkle, remembers a boy who slipped garter snakes up his sleeves, hid turtles in his bedroom and skipped school to be outdoors. "He should have been born with Huck Finn," she says.
His father, Dr. Richard Ostwinkle, former chief general surgeon at the now-defunct Phoenix General Hospital, says he could never have asked Jerry to go into medicine. "That's too restrictive for him. He's too much of a free spirit."
Having worked for more than a decade to earn the right to have an eagle, Ostwinkle compares his eagle permit to his dad's surgical degree. Still, nothing could teach him more about the rare birds than his years with Rex.
A ruthless hunter, Rex killed more than 500 rabbits during his five years with Ostwinkle. Arizona State University students would meet Ostwinkle and Rex outside the city to learn firsthand how eagles fly, hunt and live their lives in the wild.
When he wasn't out hunting, Rex's life was much different from other eagles'. Balanced on a perch in Ostwinkle's truck, Rex would travel to Boy Scout meetings, nursing homes and social clubs, where Ostwinkle would teach hundreds of people each year about birds of prey.
"That eagle saw more people than Ladmo," says Ostwinkle. "I have pictures of paraplegics holding that bird."
Rex, however, had become more than a teaching tool. He was Ostwinkle's fourth child.
Beside the photos of his wife, two sons and daughter on the mantel in his living room is a framed photo of Rex -- one of many that cover the walls of his home in Glendale. Stacks of color slides and videotapes show the chestnut-brown bird and its six-foot wingspan soaring over Ostwinkle's head. A short call and a lift of his glove in the air and Rex would glide back to Ostwinkle's arm.
"It was just an incredible sight to see those two work. It was amazing," says his mother, Carol. "He had complete control of that bird. We'd be standing there, and the bird just knew who his caretaker was."
The bond was also a reality for his wife, Pam. If she took one step too close to her husband, Rex would start flapping his wings. "I love to watch him fly," she says. "My son was in Jerry's backpack when he flew Rex."
But living with a man and his eagle has its compromises, Pam says. Rex loved being with the dog and the kids, but having the eagle and other birds of prey in the house was never easy for her. "I don't like them in the house, but I deal with them in the house," she says. When the birds are new, sometimes it's necessary to bring them in from the outside shelter so they can get used to people, Pam says. "All I ask is that he clean up the paper and the feathers."
Minor inconveniences aside, Rex was part of the family, Pam says, and she never wanted to see him go. But with government vehicles outside their home, the investigation was getting too close to home for her. Jerry Ostwinkle says he bought a second house to protect his family.
Months later, federal wildlife agents arrived to seize Rex. Ostwinkle went around back, picked up the eagle, and gave him to Steve Middleton, one of the agents who had staked out his house before.
Back home, Pam got the news about Rex. "I had to turn around and tell the kids, and the kids were crying," she says.
Afraid of what might happen to the bird, Ostwinkle says he warned Middleton that the eagle's talons were dangerous, but that Rex was not a dangerous bird. Within four days, someone at Adobe Mountain, where the eagle was taken temporarily, told Ostwinkle that Rex's talons were cut off, Ostwinkle says.
"I thought at the time I had signed his death warrant," he says.
McKeever denies that Rex's talons were ever clipped off while he was in Arizona. "Nothing was done to harm the bird whatsoever," she says. "We have recent pictures of Rex, and he is in perfectly good shape."
Rex was placed with a master falconer and educator with about 30 years of experience, McKeever says, but she won't say where the bird is. "We consider him as being in the witness protection program."
Ostwinkle has heard Rex is in Texas being fed, but never flown. McKeever says Rex is not being flown because imprinted birds have a tendency to go after humans, looking for food. "He's in a good, reliable place. I placed him as if he was my own kid."
Ask McKeever why the bird was seized and the answer is simple: Ostwinkle violated his falconry permit nine times. The sheer volume of violations is what prompted the service to go through the nearly year-and-a-half-long process of revoking his permit, she says.
The violations include Ostwinkle's failure to band and report the recapture of one of his birds within the federal limit of five days, not having a proper rehabilitation permit when he was given the female eagle, and the most serious allegation, transporting Rex and another bird for commercial use.
All of the charges are baseless, Ostwinkle says. The banding violations, for example, were incorrect because there is no requirement that he band his bird, which was recaptured, not acquired.
Ostwinkle also disputes the allegation that he did not have a proper rehabilitation permit when he was given the female eagle. As a volunteer for the Adobe Mountain Wildlife Center who helped rehabilitate many raptors, including five eagles, Ostwinkle assumed he was covered under a blanket permit for the center's volunteers.
Sandy Cate, coordinator of Adobe Mountain, which is a part of Arizona Game and Fish, says active volunteers fill out a form and are allowed to rehabilitate wildlife. Although Ostwinkle was an active volunteer when Rex was given to him, he was not active when he had the female eagle. Nonetheless, McKeever says Ostwinkle was required to apply for a separate rehabilitation permit.
Ostwinkle's biggest issue today is the charge of commercial use, which he admits is true. Calling it a violation of his permit, however, is false, Ostwinkle says, and he is trying to prove this point by suing the Fish and Wildlife Service in federal court.
At the heart of his case is his decision to fly Rex over the Grand Canyon for the Bravo Card commercial. Many people doubted that Rex could make the flight and return successfully because of the strong wind currents swirling between the canyon walls, he says. They could suck the eagle down into the canyon. But Ostwinkle was sure he could make it by gliding above the currents. Bravo paid him $2,000 to give it a try.
Rex met his expectations, lunging from Ostwinkle's fist, sailing high above the canyon floor and circling back toward the camera crew and dozens of spectators. It turned into a beautiful commercial and was an awesome opportunity to fly Rex, Ostwinkle says.
But Fish and Wildlife Service officials were not as impressed. State and federal regulations do not allow the commercial use of migratory birds, they say, which meant Ostwinkle had violated his permit.
"Our concern is not with profit, but with conservation of the natural resource," says agent Middleton. "If they launch the birds so they fly around until they are tired, that's exploitation of our natural resources."
Allowing for commercial uses would only promote that exploitation, he says. "People would rent birds to go to dinner, parties, and to go with their Halloween costume." None of these uses benefits the bird, and could be harmful, Middleton says. "I've been in front of the camera plenty of times to know it's stressful. It's not what the birds are there for, and it's not why they were allowed to capture the birds."
But Ostwinkle says it's nonsense to think Rex was harmed in any way while being filmed in the commercial. He was simply flying, as he usually does, with his caretaker. The only difference was that this flight fueled the town of Page's economy by paying everyone from the National Park Service for use of the site at Lee's Ferry to local restaurants, which fed production workers, Ostwinkle says.
The commercial also helped the film industry in Arizona, which has been trying to change the federal restrictions to allow the use of raptors in film, television and still-photography production. In July 1997, the Arizona Film Commission petitioned Arizona Game and Fish for an amendment to its rules. But so far, the commission hasn't gotten anywhere because federal rules supersede state regulations, says director Linda Peterson Warren. "It's difficult to move mountains when it's federal statute."
In the meantime, Arizona, which has attracted filmmakers interested in capturing birds of prey in the state's picturesque settings, is losing business to other states that either don't know the federal statutes, or look the other way, she says.
The result is an abundance of advertisements using wildlife, including raptors, that even the Fish and Wildlife Service admits is going unchecked.
"We've been very lax in letting a lot of this happen, when perhaps we shouldn't have," says Perry, of the Fish and Wildlife Service. What is needed is a more consistent application of wildlife laws across states, she says, especially with the mounting interest in filming raptors.
"It seems that in the last two to three years, it's started to heat up, with people wanting to use birds in movies, in shows, in floats and parades. . . . We have to seriously think about conservation of the species," she says.
But until the federal government figures out what it will do, Ostwinkle says it's unfair to single him out in the deluge of raptor filming nationwide, including Arizona.
There is the Renaissance Festival, which people pay to attend, where captive birds of prey are on display. And perhaps the most glaring example of raptor commercialization, television commercials by Goldberg and Osborne. The law firm used a rehabilitated bald eagle with a broken wing from the state-funded Adobe Mountain Wildlife Center.
"We initially denied them the right to take photos," says Hildebrandt, who was coordinator of Adobe Mountain at the time. But the law firm threatened to sue, he says, so it was allowed to shoot film and video. The shoot, which the state was never paid for, produced footage used in advertisements in the early 1990s, says Hildebrandt. "They got some footage they would have had to pay someone else for."
But Mark Goldberg says he is shocked that someone is saying his law firm threatened to sue Arizona Game and Fish over filming of an eagle. Such communication would never have been authorized by him, he says. "It is not my desire to put pressure on anyone to film an eagle."
Goldberg does, however, support the use of eagles in commercials. Limiting their use would be a form of censorship, he says. "The way we use the eagle energizes people to renew their sense of appreciation of eagles. It reminds people of how much they love them, and that reinforces people's commitment to see the eagles treated properly and protected."
There are higher-profile examples of the commercial use of raptors, such as the appearance of a captive Harris hawk in the television series Sinbad, which includes the hawk in its credits at the end of each show. And there are lesser-known examples, such as Fielding McGehee, a falconer in Prescott, who was asked on February 12, 1997, to bring two of his raptors to the grand opening of Wild Birds, a new pet store in Prescott.
Afraid he might get in trouble, McGehee called the Arizona Game and Fish Department's Kingman office and explained the pet-store appearance, which he wouldn't be paid for. "I understand that Game and Fish has been unhappy about what is defined as commercial use of education or falconry birds, and I do not want to get crossways with these people," McGehee wrote in a memorandum that Ostwinkle sent to the Fish and Wildlife Service, objecting to the proposed suspension of his license.
McGehee says he talked with Jim Withan, who not only gave him the go-ahead, but told him he could be paid for his expenses. A few days later, Wild Birds opened for business with McGehee inside, showing customers his raptors.
But McGehee's memo, along with more than 30 other examples of commercial uses cited by Ostwinkle, did little to sway the Fish and Wildlife Service. The real issue, says McKeever, is that Ostwinkle broke the law. Citing other possible offenders is no defense. "A lot of people drive drunk, but that doesn't make it legal."
Other wildlife regulators say commercial use is not so cut-and-dried. State and federal falconry permits are issued that allow for educational uses of raptors, which means that falconers can make their bird part of a public presentation, as long as it carries the message of conservation.
But once money is offered for that presentation, where does the falconer draw the line? Should he or she refuse the money, or can the falconer collect just enough to cover expenses? What if the payment exceeds expenses? And what kind of an organization can a falconer accept an offer from? What if the presentation will benefit a for-profit company by attracting business? Such questions point to the gray areas in state and federal law.
Kerry Baldwin, education chief for Arizona Game and Fish, says this gray area is what has gotten falconers with education permits into trouble. "Over time, someone says, 'Thank you for coming to our group. We'll give you a stipend,'" he says. The next time, a falconer is offered more money and accepts, realizing that the income helps offset the high price of keeping these birds, says Baldwin.
Soon, the falconer is accepting more and more offers, even when the educational value is questionable. "What happens is oftentimes people who have these animals have blurred the line between educational and commercial use of the animal," Baldwin says. "What you're doing is using state property for personal gain."
But for Ostwinkle, the question is not where the money goes or who stands to benefit. The real issue is his rights as a falconer, as detailed in the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. The act was passed to protect certain birds, but it was also passed to help people who had an interest in these birds, says John Arnold, Ostwinkle's attorney. At the time, those people were primarily hunters who were concerned that regulations would restrict their sport too heavily. States that attracted hunters, particularly those in the South, were afraid they would lose a lucrative part of their tourism industry. Their influence is what led to Section 704 of the act, says Arnold, which specifies that the U.S. Department of the Interior, which oversees the Fish and Wildlife Service, must take into account the "economic value" of migratory birds when adopting regulations.
Arnold argues that regulators should have considered the economic value of the birds in Ostwinkle's possession before they restricted his use of them. Federal law does not prohibit commercial use of raptors. In fact, it leaves room for such uses based on the birds' economic value, he says, so long as there is no harm to the species.
"They've lost sight of the roots of the law and what's beneficial," says Arnold. "There's absolutely no testimony in the Golden Eagle Protection Act and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act that there was the slightest concern that these birds would get their picture taken."
Fish and Wildlife Service officials say Arnold's interpretation of the law is way off. Saying economic value and commercial use are the same thing is a stretch, says Art Garcia, an attorney representing the federal government in Ostwinkle's case. Besides, he says, it's clear from state and federal regulations that use of the birds for financial gain is not permitted. "You can't commit an act in violation of the regulations and say the regulations are wrong," says Garcia.
What Ostwinkle is trying to do is rewrite history, he says. "What chance is there that Congress is going to pass an amendment that you can use these birds for commercial purposes, especially the American golden eagle?"
Ostwinkle should have treated his eagle permit as a rare privilege, and one that is not worth the risk of losing by violating the law, says Garcia. "Congress gave specific provisions for the use of protected species, but I would think if they had their druthers, they wouldn't even have allowed that."
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Ostwinkle says he's ready to rewrite history, if that's what it takes to protect falconers' rights and get his eagle back.
As far as McKeever is concerned, a reunion between Ostwinkle and Rex will only be accomplished in court. "He's not going to be returned," she says. "He belongs to the public."
Ostwinkle says the only place Rex belongs is on his fist, and one day he will be back there. Ostwinkle has already made plans to drive to Texas, where all he will have to do is call Rex's name and the eagle will recognize him, he says. "He should immediately start bowing at me. If he does, I'll know he was just waiting for me."


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Kabob TheftsMystery teasers are little stories where you need to figure out what happened based on the given clues.
Detective Frederick F. Fredinstein was called in to investigate a rash of stolen kabobs. The investigative team theorized that there might be a Bobsylvanian gang behind it, but couldn't prove it.
The team has been tracking several key members of the gang for weeks, but can't place any of the members at the same place at the same time. The only thing that they know for certain is that all of the members get their sheets cleaned at the same place: Checkers Bobsylvanian Sheet Dry Cleaners.
The team thought that the plans for the kabob heists must be at the cleaners, but when the team served a search warrant, they couldn't find anything out of the ordinary. After all, everyone knows that what a Bobsylvanian likes best, after kabobs of course, is nice, clean sheets.
When Detective Fredinstein came in on the case, the first thing that he did was to meet with the lead investigator, Miss Sissy. She showed him the report on the search of the dry cleaners. The report detailed everything that they didn't find.
"As you can see from the report, Fred," said Miss Sissy, "there was nothing out of the ordinary: hangers, laundry bags, chemicals, detergents, boxes for shirts, a couple of big tubs of water, bill pads, account books, and a bunch of other stuff you'd see in a normal business." She concluded, "There wasn't even an above normal amount of cash on hand. If this were the headquarters of a kabob theft ring, we should have found something."
Fred looked pensive for a moment. "There wasn't even a shish stick to be found, huh?"
Miss Sissy replied directly, "Not even a toothpick."
After looking over the report again and thinking for about a minute, the detective said, "Well, we better take the wagon and a few units over to the cleaners. We'll want to stash them someplace where they won't be seen though. Put a couple of plainclothes out front and have them arrest everyone coming out of the place on suspicion of being involved in the largest stolen kabob ring in history. And make sure that all of their dry cleaning is confiscated."
Miss Sissy looked shocked. "How do you know they're up to something, Fred?"
AnswerAfter rounding up a dozen suspects, Detective Fredinstein took Miss Sissy into the briefing room. There, he spread out the first sheet onto the floor and turned out the lights. He pulled a hand-held black light from his voluminous coat, turned it on, and played it upon the sheet. As if by magic, the apparently clean sheet revealed dates, times, locations, and dollar amounts. One by one, they checked all of the sheets and all of them revealed similar information. All but one, that is. The last one just revealed a list of names with large dollar amounts next to each name. Detective Fredinstein had the team go out and pick up everyone on the list whom they hadn't already arrested.
Detective Fredinstein explained that most liquid laundry detergents on the market today will show up under black light even if they don't appear under visible light. When he saw the water and detergents on the lists of items found at the dry cleaners, he knew that they weren't being used for the cleaning. Being a good detective, and having had loads of dry cleaning done in the past (pun intended), Detective Fredinstein knew that the detergents and water were out of place at a dry cleaners. The process only uses liquid chemicals for the cleaning. The "dry" in dry cleaning refers to that fact that no water is used.
He surmised that they were using the detergent to write the planned heists on the sheets of everyone involved in the kabob ring. The water was used to clean the sheets of the detergent in the case that a mistake was made or the place was raided by the police. Since the suspects were only arrested after they left the cleaners, the person working had no reason to wash away the evidence.
Pictures were taken of the sheets under a black light and were used to convict the guilty parties under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) act. None of the stolen kabobs could be recovered, but their owners were able to make more.
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Team Works With Afghan Government to Address Timber Issues
American Forces Press Service
BAGRAM AIRFIELD, Afghanistan, July 30, 2009 – Members of the provincial reconstruction team in Afghanistan's Kunar province facilitated a July 28 meeting between Afghan government officials and provincial leaders to address Kunar's timber situation.
Gov. Fazlullah Wahidid met with the Afghan Finance Minister Omar Zakhilwal and other officials at his compound in Asadabad to discuss the two main problems in the province: what do with piles of cut lumber and how to stop illegal timber cutting.
The day's events included remarks from business leaders, landowners and elders on how to protect the environment and replanting the forest, as well as discussions on a hydro-electric dam to be built in Kunar.
The officials decided to keep the lumber that's already cut in the province and use it to develop Kunar's wood industry and to help to build a better Afghanistan. The ministers also asked the elders to foster tribal support in finding a way to stop the illegal cutting of new timber.
The successful meeting raised awareness of the timber problem and demonstrated to the people that the Afghan government is taking the issue seriously, officials said.
"One of our efforts is to decrease the distance between the government and the local population," Zakhilwal said. The ministers also agreed to take another look at addressing Kunar's timber issues after the upcoming elections.
(From a Combined Joint Task Force 82 news release.)
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BLACKBURN MP Jack Straw has warned David Cameron against 'sending gunboats' to solve the Ukraine crisis.
The former Labour foreign secretary tackled the Prime Minister on the issue after he made a Commons statement about Russia's annexation of Crimea.
Mr Straw said: "In the absence of sending gunboats, which I think few of us would recommend, a step-by-step, long-term approach is sensible.
"Ukraine is one of the very few countries in the world which voluntarily gave up nuclear weapons on its soil.
"It did so in return for clear guarantees of its territorial integrity, including from Russia.
"Given the talks on nuclear security that you have been involved in, can you say what further steps need to be taken to ensure that Russia's invasion of Crimea does not undermine the international strategy to reduce nuclear proliferation?"
Mr Cameron replied: "You make a very good point.
"There was never an option of sending gunboats."
But he went on to say: "There is not some military answer to this.
"The only approach is a considered, long-term, tough and predictable one, so that Russia knows that if it goes further into eastern Ukraine there will be very significant economic consequences."