text:
When a user leaves a Form Input Box or Text Area blank, what should I store in my database?
Conventional wisdom would say a NULL since they never - in this scenario - filled out the field.
I believe that for Inputs and TextAreas, HTML inserts an Empty String into the $_POST array, so by default you would be writing Empty Strings into your database.
Right now I am checking all of my Form Validation, and I want my PHP to insert the proper data-type into fields whether that should be a NULL, Empty String, or 0.
It's NULL for empty strings or for (accidental) series of spaces or tabs.
I don't understand what you said.
Are you saying that I should insert a NULL for Form Controls that yield an Empty String (e.g. Text Boxes and text Areas)?
Yes, empty strings, (accidental) series of spaces or tabs should be NULL values in your database because otherwise you may get undesired results in your SQL.
Backing up, some context into what I am doing.
Currently I am checking my validation code for my Change Member Details form which contains a lot of fields which are optional (e.g. Gender, Location, Year Born, Hobbies, etc).
When I look at my "member" table currently in phpMyAdmin, I see a lot of cells that are blank indicating that the User did not answer these Form Fields and so an Empty String got written into said fields.
If I understand you correctly, you are telling me that is bad, right?
And you are saying that when I do my INSERT, I should always insert a NULL into such fields, right?
Is that correct?
In MyISAM tables there is no storage difference between NULL and an empty string. However, in InnoDB tables there is a difference as empty strings are not included in the overall record.
Check this out.
From a programming side you will need to convert your empty string (trimmed) into a NULL value. Likewise if you are searching you will also need to change the query to use IS NULL or IS NOT NULL rather than an empty string.
Yes. A user could very well insert by accident a number of whitespace characters in those fields. As value, these whitespaces are nothing. From a database point of view nothing is NULL, something undefined.
If you insert empty strings for them, that's not nothing, it's still something and it's very well defined. Furthermore, when you're SQLing you want to keep to the standards (NULL for nothing) and hopefully keep any single row functions, like trimming, out of it.
And also because checking against NULL is usually faster than checking an empty string in most databases.
So I should strive to either INSERT a NULL or a non-white-space value (e.g. 0, 1, Debbie, TRUE, etc) into all fields in my database, correct?
Also, is it okay to have a series of fields defined as NULL-able and then have them full of NULL's?
I think it is reasonable when you have fields like: Location, Hair Color, Weight, etc.
For fields like Gender, I use 0=unknown, 1=male, 2=female, 3=other
Is that okay?
Yes, you should have only real values in your tables.
If you think a series of fields would be left NULL by default, you should consider moving them to another table, like *_DETAILS, and to only insert in that table when real values occur.
But that depends. It should not become an extreme normalization or significantly raise the complexity level for your SQL.
I agree with the moving of things like msn, yim, etc nicks, hobbies, avatars and fields like that to a seperate table 1-to-1 joined with the users table. If you take a look at the profile pages of a random selection of users on any given forum, generally the majority don't bother with them fields.
And what is the benefit of doing that?
I've always heard that splitting a table into two tables that have a one-to-one relationship is hokey...
no, it's not hokey
there are several good reasons to do it, i'll give one example...
let's say a table has 30 columns, and your most frequently run queries access only 10 of these columns
splitting the infrequently used 20 columns off into a 1-to-1 table means that retrieval of the main table, without joining to the 1-to-1 table, is improved
So you are saying that Table "width" impacts query performance?
BTW, how do you link the two tables?
Does the second table have a foreign key back to the primary table?
yes, absolutely it does
but then, so does performing a join impact query performance
the second table's FK to the first table is also the second table's PK
I remember hearing that back in a database class eons ago, and I brought it up with some Microsoft people I know and they said I was full of hot air.
Glad to hear that I wasn't imagining things after all?! :tup:
So I would have something like...
- id (pk)
- id (pk)(fk)
Or another way to think of it, is that I would just have two tables with an "id" column with identically-matching values, right?
Do you agree with my decision to INSERT a NULL value into fields like "location", "birth_year", "interests" when the user does not complete them in the HTML Form?
I would set the table constraint for that field to default to "NULL" unless a value is added.
So as a re-cap of my strategy for handling Form Fields which may be blank - especial ones that are often blank...
1.) When a field has a finite number of choices (e.g. gender), try assigning a value for no response (e.g. 0=unknown, 1=male, 2=female)
2.) When a field is larger and has a high probability of not being answered, attempt to create a one-to-many or many-to-many relationship so that there is one record for each response, and a record is only created when there is a value - as opposed to a lonely column with a bunch of NULL's. (I did this for my "Question & Answer" section which hold large responses, but which may often be left blank.) ( MEMBER -||-----0<- ANSWER ->0-------||- QUESTION )
3.) If a field or a series of fields (e.g. About-Me section) has a high probability of being blank, consider breaking off said fields into a separate table which forms a one-to-one relationship with the main table (e.g. MEMBER -||-----||- MEMBER_ATTRIBUTES )
4.) Use NULL's freely as long as they truly represent fields and values where the "value is unknown"
How does that sound, r937?
Keep in mind NULL values vs. empty string values can cause different results if you have tests that use logical operators. Also, NULL values can sometimes errors in your application code, i.e., in traditional asp if your db query returned a null value for myfield, and you used something like
if myfield = "something"
you'd get an type mismatch error rather than just a boolean true or false returned.
One place I used NULLs was to properly handle tri-valued checkboxes which could be checked, unchecked or grayed, where greyed indicated "never has been checked".


text:
It's that time of year again!
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It's that time of year again!
Popular opinion doesn't prove anything. But this probably does: LBJ has outperformed every other player in the NBA in the last 5 minutes of a game when the game is within 5 points. That is a fact that cannot be disputed.
EDIT - Oh wait...you're asking about Players not on the Pacers roster.
I'll go with Lebron. He's a total mismatch for the entire NBA.
Ash from Army of Darkness: Good...Bad...I'm the guy with the gun.
I cannot believe that this is even in question......
Monta Ellis
this is actually worse than, "Is Brandon Rush a consistent 3 point threat" thread.
Lebron gets so much **** for not taking the last second shot, when 90% of the time, he is making the right basketball play. And in the last 5 minutes, there is no better player than LeBron to rely on. He can do it all.
vnzla, if you really would take Joe Johnson in the last 5 minutes of the game over LeBron James, I am never going to take another word you say seriously. Even Skip Bayless would take LeBron over JJ.
Once again TraderJoe is trying to get all the attention, I guess I'm going to open a thread anytime I disagree with somebody so the other people can make me feel better by giving me a pat on the back
Either way here are the 2011-2012 clutch numbers: http://www.82games.com/CSORT11.HTM
1 - Irving
2- Melo (the one who many here think Danny is equal to )
4- Lebron
5- Westbrook (the one that many here think is a choker)
6- Bargnani
7- Kobe
8- Monta Ellis ( yes that guy)
9- Pierce
10- Joe Johnson
and Danny is rated 14th, so just because somebody prefers a player over another player in crunch time doesn't mean that that player is better than the other player or is so ridiculous that somebody has to open a new thread to try to ridicule that other person, great try TJ and big fail in your part.
LeBron has become a great player down the stretch, but he had to learn that from DWade...
Here is also a nice article that explains JJ's numbers in "clutch time"(five minutes or less with less than five points)
Piggybacking off of Tom Haberstroh's Twitter Timeline, we checkout NBA.com Advanced Stats to look at how clutch Joe Johnson has been so far this year.
My uneducated guess before looking? Seems like Joe has been better because the end of games have been less forced and multiple folks getting the ball later, though it hasn't ignored Joe either. Not every possession goes into Iso-Joe, making the times that he does slightly more effective. Or does it?
What did we find? (Hint: click that link to see the data for yourself)
This season, so far, Joe Johnson has indeed been clutch.
Clutch, as defined by NBA.com, is player performance in the last five minutes of games when the score margin is within five points.
For Joe, everything in the scoring area has gone up, from traditional shooting percentage (49 percent from 43) to all advanced metrics, Joe improves in the last five minutes of games.
His usage goes up, from 27 percent to 36 percent and his offensive rating increases also (113.8 from 101.8), without any incline in defensive rating (96.5 from 96.7), leaving his net efficiency even higher in the clutch.
Turnovers down, as is everything that is not associated with scoring -- apparently clutch time is Joe's time with the ball as rebounding and assist rate drop as his scoring/offensive efficiency increase.
So Joe's been clutch this season -- how does he compare to last season, a noted down year for Joe? Well, he was not as clutch as this year -- his shooting percentages all around went down and usage went up to the same level as this season, though his +/- and overall efficiency margin improved.
Even if he is taking approximately the same amount per 36 minutes (18.8 this season to 19.2 last), maybe he is taking better shots in the clutch than last season, because he is making more (9.1 vs 6.7). Though consider also that he is making more threes this year than last, likely making everything look better.
Looking deeper into the stats, we see that compared to last year Joe is getting more clutch minutes per "clutch game played", presumably because the Hawks are locked in more tight games late, including overtimes games. To date, Joe has played 67 clutch minutes in 12 games compared to 107 clutch minutes in 34 games last season.
As far as location stats, Joe is actually shooting slightly fewer shots from mid-range and closer in clutch time than last season (72% last season to 66% this season), but more successful this season (52% this season to 37% last season).
Exit Question: What do you think -- do the stats lie regarding Joe? Or is he -- gasp! -- clutch?
Wade: "hey LBJ, play better in late games ok?"
LBJ: "Oh yeah?? Ok! Good idea!"
*LBJ players better*
LBJ has put up MUCH better stats in late games in Cleveland than he has in Miami. I'd argue Wade hurt LBJ because the media pulled a narrative out of their *** that suggested Wade was better in late games than LBJ.
But Joe Johnson is in the picture and that is significant...... ...
I said that I prefer JJ over Lebron and then everybody started to freak out like it was so ridiculous, the numbers I posted prove my point that JJ is not as far of a clutch player from Lebron as many think here.
Apparently you didn't read the comment. He said that all of these players were close enough that the choice on who to select in the last five minutes is a personal choice of the selector. I pick LBJ over JJ but I would take Kobe over LBJ even though LBJ is rated higher.... ...
You are late to the party, it looks to me like you don't know wtf I'm talking about, go ahead and read what I posted on the other thread that made TJ open up this thread and come back to me.
I want Deron Williams.
"What you do is so loud, I can't hear what you say" -Andrew LuckJunior at the University of Louisville
"If you turn the other cheek, I'm gonna hit you in the other cheek, too" -Charles Barkley
"Ego is edging greatness out" -Rick Pitino
Greenfield-Central High School Alum '14
Follow me on Twitter @steagles1
1000th post - 4/16/12 2000th post - 6/24/12 3000th post - 3/8/13
Also look at more of those stats. You have highlighted points scored only. So they shoot pretty similarly. LeBron scores more in the last 5 mins. LeBron scores more on his own in the last 5 mins. LeBron rebounds at a way higher rate in the last 5 mins. LeBron dishes way more assists in the last 5 mins. LeBron blocks way more shots in the last 5 mins. Lebron gets more steals in the last 5 mins.
What i see is one player that is far superior on both offense and defense in the last 5 mins of the game. Lebron is that player.
You are quoted in the OP saying you would take JJ over LeBron in the clutch. I don't care what the other argument was about. Thats what we are discussing in this thread.
Yes I said that I rather take JJ over Lebron in the last five minutes so what is the big effing deal? why the crying and whining? You prefer Danny over Melo and do you see me opening a new thread about that ridiculous thought? It's your opinion and if I disagree I tell you but I'm not going to freakout as many of you are doing at this moment.
This one was on the playoffs two months ago, remember the game where he choked and Lance was doing the sign?
Last edited by vnzla81; 08-13-2012 at 07:16 PM.
I even went back and read the thread where this started. I don't see how it helps your point at all. All you sound like is Skip Bayless by calling him LeChoke. Thats not a good thing btw.
This is what you always do. This is why people jump on you. You make an outlandish claim like saying JJ is better than LeBron in the clutch (and then provide stats to prove your point except they prove that LeBron is far superior...). Then you go on to twist your argument into something else and blame others for doing so. The entire thread was trying to get back to talking about clutch performances while you were dodging. This all happens often.
Yes. I know what ESPN told you. I also know they were wrong. and I can prove it. Go to 82games.com and check everyone season prior to 10-11. James had by far the best performance out of everyone every year and it wasn't even close.
Scared? LBJ didn't play scared when he scored 29 points straight against Detroit. The only time LBJ ever really played bad was the 10-11 Finals. An anomaly. That same playoffs the series prior he dominated the leagues MVP by himself.
The whole "LBJ isn't clutch" was always an absurd ridiculous narrative that had absolutely no evidence in support of it.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Talking Cure for Health Care
Improving the ways doctors communicate with their patients can lead to better care—and lower costs
Doctors need to work on their people skills.
Journal Report
- Insights from The Experts
- Read more at WSJ.com/HealthReport
More in Unleashing Innovation: Health Care
Related Video
It's something patients have grumbled about for a long time. Doctors are rude. Doctors don't listen. Doctors have no time. Doctors don't explain things in terms patients can understand.
It's a familiar litany. But here's what is new: The medical community is paying attention.
That lack of communication, after all, isn't just frustrating for patients. It can hurt the quality of care, drive up costs and increase the risk of lawsuits. And under new Medicare rules, providers won't get as much money if they rack up poor patient-satisfaction scores or too many preventable readmissions.
So, medical schools, health systems, malpractice insurers and hospitals are trying to help doctors improve their bedside manner. They're setting up education programs for everyone from medical students to seasoned pros who have spent years talking to patients. The efforts take a variety of innovative approaches, such as putting doctors through role-play sessions with actors to teach basics like always facing the patient, letting them speak uninterrupted for two minutes and using key words to show compassion and empathy. ("I am so sorry you are in pain.")
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"We can't make things better unless you train physicians in these skills," says Robin DiMatteo, a researcher at the University of California, Riverside.
Making the Connection
While long thought of as a "soft" science, communication is increasingly understood to be at the root of many of health care's failures—and a leading culprit in rising costs.
Research shows that when doctors don't listen to patients, they miss important health cues and misdiagnose illness. Meanwhile, patients who don't understand what their doctors say fail to follow their regimens, leading to preventable hospitalizations, complications and poor outcomes. And a breakdown in physician-patient communication is cited in 40% or more of malpractice suits.
"If a doctor and patient have a strong relationship, even if something goes wrong, they are less likely to sue for it," says Robin Diamond, chief patient safety officer at Doctors Co., which provides malpractice insurance for 73,000 physicians.
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The company holds communication seminars and one-on-one coaching, drawing lessons from claims—such as a surgeon who is sued for a failed knee surgery that results in amputation because he didn't give the obese patient a chance during the informed-consent process to ask questions and didn't fully explain the higher risk of being overweight.
At the same time, evidence has mounted that good communication helps patients stick to recommended treatments and manage chronic diseases. It also improves outcomes in the management of diabetes, hypertension and cancer.
According to a 2009 review of more than 100 studies published in the journal Medical Care, there is a 19% higher risk of nonadherence among patients whose doctors communicate poorly than among those whose doctors communicate well. When doctors get training in communication skills, the odds of patient adherence are 12% higher than when they don't, according to the study, which was co-written by Dr. DiMatteo.
The Medicare Carrot
Providers recently got another spur to shape up. The federal Medicare program last year began withholding certain payments as part of an effort to get hospitals to improve the quality of care and trim costs. One way to make up the cuts and earn additional payments is to perform well on patient-satisfaction surveys known as HCAHPS, for Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems.
The surveys ask patients to rate how well doctors communicate, how responsive the hospital staff is and how clearly discharge information is explained, among other things.
Hospitals also face Medicare penalties if patients are readmitted within 30 days after discharge for conditions such as heart attack, heart failure and pneumonia.
"If patients don't understand their discharge instructions, they are less likely to be compliant and more likely to be readmitted, so it is critically important that everyone uses effective communication tools and language," says Christina Martin, director of service coaching and patient experience at WellStar Health System, which has five hospitals and employs more than 550 physicians and advanced practitioners.
Bringing in Help
Four years ago, WellStar, based in Marietta, Ga., began using service coaches who work directly with doctors on such issues as avoiding words and phrases that have a negative impact, using more caring and helpful language and following up with dissatisfied patients.
Doctors are trained to ask permission to enter a room, introduce themselves and put patients at ease. And then they should be clear about how long an exam or procedure will take, when results will be back, what they are doing and why, what patients should expect and what the plan for the future is. Before leaving, they are expected to thank the patient and family and let them know it has been enjoyable to work with them.
WellStar tracks its patient-satisfaction scores closely and gives immediate feedback to teams if they drop. Service coaches may also observe doctors interacting with patients and follow up with tips for improvement, while doctors who seem especially adept may be asked to mentor others. Satisfaction scores are also circulated internally, so medical teams can see how they are doing against their peers.
Dan Woods, WellStar senior vice president and president of its WellStar Kennestone Hospital, says HCAHPS surveys show the efforts are raising patient satisfaction. The number of patients reporting that physicians always communicated well jumped to 86.2% in January from 77.5% in November 2012.
Other health-care providers report similarly strong results from communication training.
Leslie Hall, interim dean of the University of Missouri School of Medicine, says that before the school instituted a new training program in 2010, its medical center was consistently in the lowest quarter of hospitals in the country in patient-satisfaction scores, but it has steadily improved. From June to December 2012, patients gave physicians an average score of 90.1% for communication, well above the national average of 79.6%, according to data from health-care research concern NRC Picker.
Since 2010, University of Missouri Health Care has put more than 1,000 physicians, from first-year residents to veteran doctors, through the training. Doctors take an online course that includes 17 videos illustrating different communication issues. Then, at the medical school's simulation center, groups of four or five physicians practice with actors known as "standardized patients" specific to their medical specialties. Among the scenarios: having a routine interaction in a clinic or hospital, delivering bad news, delivering a life-changing diagnosis or checking a patient's understanding of a plan of care.
After role-playing, there's a debriefing session with the physician's peers, the "patient" and facilitators to provide feedback about what went well and what the doctor could do better. The training includes guiding doctors in providing a "blameless apology"—empathizing with a patient without accepting responsibility for the experience ("I'm so sorry this happened to you")—and seeking a resolution to patient and family concerns.
A New Emphasis
Of course, teaching communication isn't a new concept. Most medical schools give some instruction in it as a matter of course. But that training tends to be in the first and second years, and it isn't emphasized as much as clinical skills later.
Emory University revamped its curriculum a few years ago, assigning students to small groups led by an adviser who makes sure communication topics are covered throughout the four years.
"To be a good doctor, you have to have the ability to listen to the patients and follow their leads," says Linda Bernstein, director of the education program. "By stressing these concepts from the beginning, we hope that it sets in and becomes part of their rote approach to patients."
As part of her training, third-year medical student Lindell Dewberry recently sat in an exam room with Mark, an actor portraying a middle-aged patient whose chief complaint was fatigue. She gently probed to find out why he wasn't sleeping, eliciting a confession that the child-sex-abuse scandal involving a former assistant football coach at Pennsylvania State University brought back painful memories of a similar experience in his youth. After further discussion, she suggested follow-up with a counselor and a prescription for an antidepressant.
The feedback Ms. Dewberry received on her videotaped performance: good, empathetic approach, but she could improve by asking first if the patient was comfortable with the idea of seeing a therapist and taking medications before telling him that was what she recommended.
"That is something I definitely want to work on because I know patients can sometimes feel too intimidated to speak up," Ms. Dewberry says.
Lessons for Old Hands
Still, for more-senior physicians, training programs can be tough to swallow. Long taught to focus on clinical skills and prescribing treatment, they are being asked to defer more often to patient's viewpoints and to walk a line between showing empathy and saying something that could get the hospital into trouble in case of a lawsuit, such as, "It was the pharmacy's fault you got the wrong medication."
Jeffery Belden, a family physician and associate professor at the University of Missouri medical school who went through its communication training last year, says that after 25 years in practice, he was skeptical at first. Dealing with an actor posing as a patient was strange, he says, "but you just go with it and enter the drama."
He was surprised to find he learned some valuable lessons about explaining complex medical information, talking to patients about emotionally difficult issues and using simple phrases to convey concern. ("I'm using this hand gel for your safety" and "I'm pulling this curtain for your privacy.")
Health systems are turning to another model known as Four Habits, which teaches doctors how to create rapport with patients, elicit their views, demonstrate empathy and assess their ability to follow a treatment regimen.
Studies show even a brief training course using the model for doctors with low patient survey scores has the potential to improve patient-doctor interactions as reported by patients.
Now that patient satisfaction scores are influencing reimbursement, hospital administrators are "extremely interested" in communication training, says Richard Frankel, a developer of the model who is now a professor at the Indiana University School of Medicine and its affiliated Regenstrief Institute.
The Cleveland Clinic, which includes eight hospitals in Ohio along with its flagship campus, introduced a new communication course incorporating the Four Habits model in fall 2011.
Adrienne Boissy, director of the Center for Excellence in Healthcare Communication at Cleveland Clinic, says the emphasis on getting good communication grades can be frustrating, especially when dealing with difficult patients or conditions with no good treatments or cure.
"In a challenging communications scenario, how do I do my best when I know it is not going to end well but I am being judged with making sure patients are happy or satisfied?" Dr. Boissy says. For example, if a physician declines to give a patient a painkiller refill because of concern about misuse, "what happens if that then reflects on my HCAHPS scores and then I need a service coach?"
The best goal, she says, is to convey to doctors that communication "doesn't mean you are going to hug and skip and run off into the sunset with the patient. Some conversations will not go well, but you will walk away with the feeling you did the best you could to maintain your professionalism and compassion despite challenges coming at you from multiple directions."
Ms. Landro is an assistant managing editor for The Wall Street Journal and writes the paper's Informed Patient column. She can be reached at email@example.com.
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Journal Reports: Health Care


text:
August 27, 2007
- Top 10 Lists: The Top 10 Lists button located on the Author Citations page and on the Journal Citations page reveals three tabs giving Top Books, Top Journal Articles, and Top Journals. In each case, a drop-down menu allows one to select a citing year from the year 2000 through last year. The top 10 books and the top 10 journal articles cited (see Understanding the MR Citation Database) in the year selected are listed according to number of citations. The top 10 journals are listed according to their Mathematical Citation Quotient (MCQ) for the selected year.
- Journal Citations:
Additional information from the citation database has been added to a
journal citations search. Specifically, in addition to listing
the number of items published in each of the five years preceding the
selected citing year, the percentage of those items which have been
cited since their publication is given. This percentage is
available for specific journals and, by selecting the All Journal MCQ located below the
MCQ table, for all journals.
- Author Citations: Search results have been enhanced. In an author citations search, which returns the ten most frequently cited articles for a specified author, books are now distinguished from articles using a book icon.
- Free Tools: Search MSC, Collaboration Distance, Current Journals, and Current Publications are now available without a subscription to MathSciNet. These tools are described below.
September 30, 2006MathsciNet has a new look which simplifies access to the database. The new home page has tabs for searching the five main areas of the database. The overall functionality of these searches has not changed. They are as follows.
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A new search option is available in an Author Search results screen. For a given author selection, it will produce a list of co-authors, from which a new selection can be made. This will narrow the results of the final search to a particular collection of co-authors.
Enhanced current awareness searching
The three Browse search screens are now tied to the calendar in non-overlapping calendar intervals of time. This simplifies current awareness searching that is done on a regular schedule. For example, Current Books presents the choices: This Month, Last Month, 2 Months Ago and so on up to 6 Months Ago . This Month grows during the current month, while Last Month and 2 Months Ago are fixed during the current month. For Current Journals, the dates are in weeks and refer to the publication date on MathSciNet of bibliographic information associated with journal issues. For Current Publications and Browse by MSC, the choice can be made between the date of publication of bibliographic data on MathSciNet and the date of publication of review text on MathSciNet.
New language interface
Search screens in Russian have been added to the choices of English, French, German, Chinese, and Spanish.
Collaboration distances
As an illustration of the power of the Author Database in MathSciNet, the distance between authors in the MR Database can be calculated for each pair of authors in the database. The distance is measured by the minimal path (if a path exists) from one author to another in the graph whose vertices are authors and whose edges are co-authored papers. This calculation is available from a link beside each author in an author list generated in Search Author Database and also from the Collaboration Distance link on the toolbar of each search page. A special case that some will find interesting is where one of the authors is Paul Erdös, in which case the resulting distance is known as the Erdös Number.
Improved Help and FAQ
The Help pages have been separated into two levels, with the top level contextually linked and containing the essential information needed. Each top level page is then linked to more detailed information about the particular context. A new FAQ page has been created with the most commonly asked questions about MathSciNet.
More consistent display of MR Numbers
The new form of MR Numbers introduced in the Fall of 2003 is now represented in essentially every context in MathSciNet.
September 22, 2003
Language interfaces
A choice of languages for the search pages and the MathSciNet home page is now offered for the convenience of users. This choice is offered in a pull down menu on each of the search pages and the home page. Languages offered are English, French, German, Chinese, and Spanish. This choice will change the appearance of the search screens, the home page, and the various error messages and "not found" messages.
Sort order
The sort order of items in headline lists has been changed, depending on the context. Most headline lists are now sorted in reverse order of date of publication of the original item. Within a given year of publication, they are sorted in reverse order of date of entry in the Mathematical Reviews Database. The exception to this sort order occurs when the headline list corresponds to a particular issue of a given journal. In this case, for journals issued with consecutive paging, the headline items are sorted in ascending order of first page number. As a result, the items occur in table-of-contents order.
New format for primary item identifier
Every item in MathSciNet has always had a numerical identifier. This number (with up to 7 digits and one or two spaces) has always been displayed for items without reviews or with reviews pending. In the past it was not displayed for items with completed reviews, even though it was still searchable. This number (with no spaces and expanded to 7 digits with leading zeros, if necessary) preceded by the letters MR will now be displayed in all cases. The classical MR Number, kept for compatibility with the paper publication Mathematical Reviews, will be displayed when available, in parentheses and following the 7-digit number.
Examples: seven-digit
number – MR1909785
seven-digit number with classical MR Number – MR1883032 (2002k:13024)
The term "MR Number" will be used to denote either format.
Choice to display or not to display reference lists
It is now possible to choose whether or not to display and print reference lists when they are available. A global choice to display or not to display can be made from the Full and Basic Search screens. This global choice can be changed at any time during a MathSciNet session. In addition, the display choice can be changed locally for particular items or selections of items, without changing the global choice.
Pluralization in searches
A very useful feature of MathSciNet searches is the automatic extension of singular search words to plural search words, and plural search words to singular search words. In most cases, someone searching for "matrix" is likely also to be interested in occurences of "matrices". However, there are times when a precise match is useful. It is now possible to search for the exact match only on a search word, by appending "!" at the end of the word. Thus, "matrix!" will not match "matrices".
More flexibility in search characters
Search strings may now include accented characters in ISO Latin encoding. For example, it is now possible to search for "poincar", which now will return the same results as searching for "poincare".
September 17 2002
OpenURL allows librarians to restructure access to their library's electronic collection, including both licensed and freely available resources, creating links targeted to the particular needs of their end-users. The MathSciNet user at an institution with an OpenURL service can, for example, learn the physical location of a bound paper journal in an institutional library or locate the source of the institution's licensed electronic holdings for a journal, which might be different from the publisher link already included in MathSciNet. The user can also be linked directly to a library document request form, with all the relevant bibliographic information included or directed to a document delivery service appropriate to the user's location. These new links will complement the extensive Article, Journal and Document Delivery links already in MathSciNet.
Addition of full TeX code to review text
In the past, as an aid to searchability of review text, the non-mathematical TeX codes were removed from the review text presented in MathSciNet. So for example, accented characters appearing in proper names in the text of a review were not displayed in MathSciNet. Now the non-mathematical TeX codes have been restored, without changing the searchability. So, for example, a search for references to the work of Izrail Moiseevich Gelfand in review text using review text=gelfand will yield the same collection of items as previously. A study of the individual reviews returned by the search will yield gelfand coded as gelfand and coded as gelfand. If these items are displayed in PDF, those coded using the TeX accent macro will have the Cyrillic accent.
Flexible year searching
We have made searching for year ranges more flexible.
Improvements in use of screen space
With this release, we have improved the use of MathSciNet's screen space. Navigation on the homepage, search and browse pages is available from a navigation bar on the left hand side of the screen. Links to context sensitive help and to the help index are available from each of the search and browse pages. The Results page and Full Item page now have a "Navigate MathSciNet" jump menu to facilitate travel to any of the browse or search pages.
In this release we also introduced the use of Cascading Style Sheets to more effectively separate MathSciNet's content from its look and feel. This transition makes site maintenance and page loading a bit quicker. The change also adheres to the World Wide Web Consortium's (W3C) guidelines on how to use HTML/XHTML to the best effect. Users with outdated browsers such as Netscape 4.* and below, will not see the interface as our design team intended but the application will be completely functional. For best viewing, upgrade to a freely available modern browser such as Internet Explorer, Navigator 7.0 etc.
Alternative downloads
New in this release of MathSciNet are two additional download formats: EndNote and AMSRefs.
Millions of researchers, scholarly writers, students, and librarians use EndNote to organize their references and create bibliographies and figure lists. To accommodate MathSciNet users who use EndNote, we have added this as an additional download option.
Another new download option is the "amsrefs" format described in http://www.ams.org/tex/amsrefs.html. The amsrefs package provides a way for the internal structure of references to be preserved when importing bibliography data into a LaTeX document. This is a critical advantage if one wants the LaTeX form to serve as the archival master source of the document; it also yields a number of other benefits, such as making it much easier to adapt the printed style of the bibliography on demand via standard LaTeX methods.
Linked journal list
The AMS has a forward moving program with publishers in the scientific community and with JSTOR to add links to and from MathSciNet to online journals and articles. Use this list to quickly understand the level at which publishers are linked from MathSciNet.
September 10, 2001
New version of MathSciNet released
On September 10, 2001, the AMS released a new version of MathSciNet to subscribers. MathSciNet - available on the Web by subscription - provides searching of over 60 years of Mathematical Reviews and Current Mathematical Publications. New features and enhancements include:
Reference lists
Full reference lists from original items are now available in MathSciNet. Lists have been added initially from 65 journals, covering material published since January 2000. Over time, additional journals and possibly earlier time periods will be covered. The reference list is located at the end of the full MathSciNet item (when available). Two new search fields have been added to the Full Searc and Basic Search screens; Ref Author (which searches author names in the reference lists) and Ref Anywhere (which searches the reference lists).
Reference citations
Reference citations are now available in MathSciNet. If an item appears in a MathSciNet reference list, a Reference Citations link is displayed. This link will bring you to a Headline list of those MathSciNet items whose reference lists include the on-screen item. The Reference Citations are limited to those items that include a full reference list in MathSciNet. As further reference lists are added, the number of reference citations will grow.
Database expansion items
The scope of the Mathematical Reviews Database has been expanded to include a new collection of items in the area of Applied Statistics. These new items, termed database expansion items, receive full author identification work, journal linking, and original item linking (when available), however, they are not classified and do not have reviews.
Improved help files
The MathSciNet Help files have been rewritten and redesigned to provide clearer content and easier navigation to the information that you need to get the most out of MathSciNet.
Improved search screens
Minor modifications have been made to improve the MathSciNet search screens. These changes were made to provide an interface that is more user-friendly for our new users. Changes include setting focus to the first input box so the user can begin entering search criteria immediately and placing the Start Search button at the bottom of each page for a more logical progression through the search criteria.
November 1, 2000
MathSciNet Version 6.0 released
On November 1, 2000, the AMS released a new version of MathSciNet to subscribers. MathSciNet - available on the Web by subscription - provides searching of over 60 years of Mathematical Reviews and Current Mathematical Publications. New features and enhancements in Version 6.0 include:
New clipboard feature - collect
citations over multiple searches into one file
The clipboard in MathSciNet allows users to add citations found as a result of a search to the clipboard. Citations can be collected over multiple searches then downloaded or displayed as one file in ASCII or BibTeX format. Items can be added either from a headlines page or a review page. The Clipboard requires the use of cookies.
More publishers link to MathSciNet
Publishers and journals are providing links from article references to the corresponding MathSciNet entry. Links to MathSciNet are available from:
- American Mathematical Society (all 8 AMS journals)
- ScienceDirect (over 1100 journals from Elsevier Science and other publishers)
- Insitute of Physics Publishing (20 journals including Journal of Physics A, Classical & Quantum Gravity, Inverse Problems, and Nonlinearity
- Society of Industrial and Applied Mathematics (10 SIAM journals)
- New York Journal of Mathematics
Clearer navigation for MathSciNet
results pages
On both headline and review pages, navigation tools are now text-based. In addition, the PDF icon on headlines pages has been replaced with text, "Review in linked PDF".
Full list of journals to which
MathSciNet provides links to original articles
MathSciNet provides links to more than 119,000 online articles in over 190 journals. The journal list is available in alphabetical order by journal and in alphabetical order by publisher.
Author field split into two fields
for improved search results
The former Author field is now called Author/Related. This more clearly denotes the scope of this field which searches for all names of authors listed in the original document, as well as other names associated with the document (for example, editors, translators, the subject of the item when it is a biography). The current Author field now searches for authors only. For more information, see Field Help.
Classification field split into two fields
for more focused searches
The former Classification field is now called "MSC Primary/secondary" which searches the primary and secondary classifications assigned to an item. The new field, MSC Primary, searches only the primary classification assigned to an item. For more information, see Field Help.
Journal searching improved to accept
more abbreviated formats
When entering a journal abbreviation as search criterion, it is no longer necessary to enter the exact MR journal abbreviation. Many reasonable abbreviations will work. For more information see Field Help.
More functionality added to the
MathSciNet homepage
From the new MathSciNet homepage you can submit a search on a selected mirror site, link to all search and browse pages, link to MR Lookup and MathSciNet GetItem, and find reviewer information such as how submit reviews online and how to become a reviewer.
Translation information
added to bibliographic data
The bibliographic information concerning translations is added for those items in foreign-language journals for which there is a cover-to-cover translation but the translation information is not available when the review is published.
May 23, 2000
Submit reviews online
A new web form is available for the electronic submission of reviews to Mathematical Reviews. Those reviewers who have used email for submission should find the web form even simpler. Reviewers who have not previously used email will find the form easy to use, particularly for those reviews without mathematical symbols.
More links to JSTOR
Links to 17 more journals on JSTOR have been added to MathSciNet. Researchers will have direct links from MathSciNet reviews to full-text articles in 38 historic mathematics journals dating from 1940.
April 4, 2000
Links to articles in Springer
LINK added
MathSciNet has expanded its linking to include articles in 32 journals from Springer-Verlag (Heidelberg and NY) and 10 journals from Birkhauser. The journals cover mathematics and related disciplines such as statistics and physics. MathSciNet now provides links to over 190 journals from 11 publishers.
Links to original articles are available from headlines and review pages at the icon Article See the full list of publishers, independent journals, and services represented.
Coming soon! More links to JSTOR
Within the next 2 weeks, links to 17 more journals on JSTOR will be added to MathSciNet. Researchers will have direct links from MathSciNet reviews to full-text articles in 38 historic mathematics journals dating from 1940.
February 1, 2000
PDF now available for all users
A problem that affected users of Internet Explorer has now been fixed. Reviews may be viewed in PDF format by anyone who has Adobe Acrobat Reader 3.01 or higher installed.
- PDF with hypertext functionality - Click on the PDF link PDF next to an MR number. The review is displayed in PDF format and all links to additional data are functional.
- PDF for marked records - After marking records, select Reviews (PDF) from the pulldown menu. Individual reviews may also be viewed in PDF by using the pulldown menu. Hypertext linking is not available in PDF format when the pulldown menu is used.
January 14, 2000
New MathSciNet guidebook
MathSciNet: Mathematical Reviews on the Web. Guiding you through the literature of mathematics provides an informative introduction to MathSciNet, including both a historical overview of the Mathematical Reviews (MR) database and hints about the many recent enhancements to the electronic product. Extensive illustrations and detailed, step-by-step explanations show how to make use of the full range of search capabilities of MathSciNet. There is advice about how to best use the latest browsing options, and readers also receive background information about some of the unique features of the database, including author identification.
This is a valuable resource for everyone who uses MathSciNet---researchers, librarians, and students. It will help everyone to use the MR database more effectively, using the latest version of a powerful tool available to mathematicians around the world.
Download the MSN Guidebook in PDF or order free copies from AMS Customer Services at firstname.lastname@example.com
December 7, 1999
Links to JSTOR and Elsevier journal articles now available
MathSciNet has expanded the links from reviews to original articles to include:
JSTOR, providing researchers at participating institutions with over 40,000 direct links from MathSciNet reviews to full-text articles in 11 historic mathematics journals dating from 1940. Links to additional journals are planned.
ScienceDirect, providing links to over 70 journals from Elsevier Science and other publishers in key subject areas for mathematics and applied math.
Links to original articles are available from headlines and review pages at the icon Article. See the full list of publishers, independent journals, and services represented.
Links from ScienceDirect journals to MathSciNet reviews now available
Links are now available from article references of selected ScienceDirect journals to corresponding MathSciNet reviews. Contact your ScienceDirect regional sales office to activate reference linking for your ScienceDirect subscription; there is no charge for this.
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification
now in use
The 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification (MSC) will be used in Mathematical Reviews starting with issue 2000:a and in Current Mathematical Publications starting with issue 2000:01. The 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification replaces the 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification.
The following are available to assist MathSciNet users with the conversion,
- When you enter a classification as search criteria for which the corresponding 2-digit classification has changed, a short description of the change will be displayed on the Headlines page. Plus, there will be a link to more detailed information about the change.
- A list of changes to the Mathematics Subject Classification at the 2-digit level is at MathSciNet Field Help.
- A full listing of the MSC2000, with a list of changes and conversion tables, is at www.ams.org/msc.
Full text of all reviews available
in all formats
The full text of all reviews in MathSciNet, from 1940-present, are available in PDF, PostScript, and DVI as well as HTML. Data conversion of the 1940-84 reviews to TeX format was done by Apex Data Services.
September 8, 1999
MathSciNet Version 5.0 released
On September 8, 1999, the AMS released MathSciNet Version 5.0 to subscribers. MathSciNet - available on the Web by subscription - provides searching of over 59 years of Mathematical Reviews and Current Mathematical Publications. New features and enhancements in Version 5.0 include:
Three new browsing tools point you to current data in MathSciNet.
Three new tools:
Browse Current Books, Browse Current Journals, and Browse by MSC, give you 1-click access to data in the current issues of Mathematical Reviews and Current Mathematical Publications. The Browse tools are available from the toolbar which is on each page of MathSciNet.
Reviews posted 6-10 weeks sooner
Completed reviews will be posted to MathSciNet nightly. This results in reviews appearing in MathSciNet 6-10 weeks earlier than they do now. Since these reviews do not yet have an MR number, they will be noted in search results by the CMP number followed by (Review), i.e. CMP 1 111 111 (Review)
Expanded access to original articles
MathSciNet now has more links to original articles. With this release, articles from the Electronic Journal of Combinatorics are available. And shortly, links to the JSTOR collection of mathematics journals will be available. MathSciNet now provides direct links to over 75,000 original articles. Links to original articles are available from headlines and review pages at the icon Article. See the full list of publishers, independent journals, and services represented.
In cases where links to original articles have not yet been established but the journal is available electronically, MathSciNet has links to the journal's home page. From the journal's home page, various avenues of access to the original article may be available. The links are available from headlines and review pages at the icon Journal
Document delivery is now through Canada
Institute for Scientific and Technical Information (CISTI)
Document delivery for items in MathSciNet is now handled by CISTI. You must register with CISTI to order documents online. MathSciNet captures the bibliographic data for the item and you fill in the rest of the form. Once submitted, all processing is done by CISTI. The link for document delivery is Doc Del.
New simplified search added
A new simplified search, Basic Search, has been added to MathSciNet. Basic Search provides one pulldown menu of fields and one input box. Boolean operators and parentheses may be used. The standard, Full Search, is still available.
Link directly to a list of the items
from a journal issue that were reviewed in MathSciNet
The journal issue number links directly to a list of items from that issue that are indexed in MathSciNet. The journal issue number may be in either a headline or the citation area of a review page.
Go directly to review when search yields
single item
If a search yields one result, no Headlines list will be displayed. You will go directly to the Review page.
Major changes to the MSC documented in search
If you enter a Classification as search criteria for which the corresponding 2-digit classification has changed, a short description of the change will be displayed on the Headlines page. Plus, there will be a link to more detailed information about the change.
Improved boolean documentation
From a headlines page, the criteria used for the search will be displayed in operation order. Knowing how a search was processed will aid in understanding how results were obtained.
Improved email support screen
In keeping with our commitment to improving customer services, the email support screen has been greatly enhanced. It is now clearer how to direct your questions and what information we need from you in assisting with questions or problems.
April 26, 1999
Over 500,000 reviews added to the Mathematical Reviews electronic database
The American Mathematical Society has completed its two-year project of adding full-text reviews from the early archives of Mathematical Reviews (MR) to the MathSci database. During that project, all reviews from 1940-1979 were keyboarded--over 80,000 pages of MR. The number of searchable reviews from 1940 to the present now on MathSciNet (MR on the Web) totals nearly 1,400,000. The entire collection contains, for the first time online, searchable reviews of a major part of mathematics from the past 60 years.
The addition of the review texts back to 1940 means, among other things, that researchers can see more fully the development of mathematical ideas by using a combination of sophisticated tools within MathSciNet --notably the Author Identification resource, and the extensive network of links throughout the database.
The Author Identification function--unique to MathSciNet --assists in identifying authors and variations of authors' names as they appear in MR. Author Identification results can then be combined with other search criteria to further narrow a search. From the search results, users can mark records to display or download in multiple formats. Then within those records, researchers can follow via links the progression of an author's published works, reviews of those works, and how the works influenced other mathematicians' research. Access to the full-text reviews and cross-references online enables users to better understand the history, development, and applications of mathematical concepts.
AMS Executive Director John Ewing notes that the addition of the full-text reviews is an important step towards achieving the potential of electronic publishing: "The full-text reviews combined with the network of links to original articles in 59 electronic journals enhance MathSciNet 's value to the mathematical and scientific community and begins to establish the web of electronic literature for which we all aim."
January 12, 1999
Brazil mirror site added
An additional MathSciNet mirror site has been added at the Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. All mirror sites are available from pulldown menus on the MathSciNet home page and all MathSciNet search pages.
Quick starts now in PDF format
Users can now get the MathSciNet QuickStarts in PDF format as well as HTML. They are available from the Help Index, Search Help, and on the pulldown menu under About MathSciNet on the home page. The Quick Starts provide easy-to-follow search instructions. Users are welcome to download and print any number that they need.
September 22, 1998
MathSciNet Version 4.0 released
On September 22, 1998, the AMS released MathSciNet Version 4.0 to subscribers. MathSciNet - available on the Web by subscription - provides searching of over 58 years of Mathematical Reviews and Current Mathematical Publications. New features and enhancements in Version 4.0 include:
1970-74 reviews added
The full text of reviews from 1970-1974 has been added to the MathSciNet database. You can get updated information on added review text from the link on the Review Search page, 1940-79 Reviews.
Online mathematical symbols
plus hypertext linking
You can now view mathematical symbols online and retain hypertext functionality within a review. Click on the PDF link, PDF next to an MR number. The review is displayed in Adobe's PDF format and all links to additional data are functional. Best viewed with Netscape 4.0 or higher and Adobe Acrobat Reader 3.01 or higher.(Not available for users of Microsoft Internet Explorer. We are working with Microsoft to resolve the inconsistent way in which Internet Explorer handles PDF code generated from within MathSciNet.)
PDF format for download or display
Marked records can now be displayed in PDF format. The PDF version of marked records does not have hypertext links. Best viewed with Netscape 4.0 or higher and Adobe Acrobat Reader 3.01 or higher. (Not available for users of Microsoft Internet Explorer. We are working with Microsoft to resolve the inconsistent way in which Internet Explorer handles PDF code generated from within MathSciNet.)
Retrieve all records
From a result set of 50 or less items, you can use the Retrieve All button to display or download all reviews without marking records. If the result set is greater than 50, you can display or download the first 50 items of the result set with the Retrieve First 50 button.
Quick starts available online
Users can now get additional or updated versions of the MathSciNet Quick Start cards online. They are available from the Help Index, Search Help, and on the pulldown menu under About MathSciNet on the home page. The Quick Starts provide easy-to-follow search instructions. Users are welcome to download and print any number that they need.
Search page indicates current site
The top of the left-hand column of the search page indicates which site you are using. To select a different site, scroll through the pulldown menu to choose a site and click on the Go button.
Limit searches to CMP entries
Select the option, Current CMP issue through today, on the Review Search page to limit searches to Current Mathematical Publications (CMP) entries. Items from the most current complete issue of CMP in the database plus entries added up to the day of the search will be included. CMP entries are added daily.
PDF version of the Abbreviations
of Serials
In addition to searching and browsing the journals database, you can display or download the entire Abbreviations of Serials Adobe's PDF format. You can find all versions from the MathSciNet Resources button on the Toolbar or from the Journal ID page.
PDF version of the 1991 Mathematics Subject
In addition to searching and browsing the 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification, you can display or download the entire publication in Adobe's PDF format. You can find all versions from the MathSciNet Resources button on the Toolbar or from the Classification ID page.
Links to all bookstore items
plus Chelsea now available
All items in MathSciNet available through the AMS Bookstore, including the AMS Chelsea Publishing series, have links from the item directly to its order form on the bookstore. You can order items online.
April 12, 1998
As of April 12, 1998, the full text of reviews from 1975-1979 has been added to the MathSciNet database. The years and volumes are:
- 1975 (vols. 49 - 50)
- 1976 (vols. 51 - 52)
- 1977 (vols. 53 - 54)
- 1978 (vols. 55 - 56)
- 1979 (vols. 57 - 58)
You can get updated information on added review text from the Review Search page link, Status of Pre-1980 Reviews.
March 12, 1998
MathSciNet Version 3.1 released
On March 12, 1998, the AMS released MathSciNet Version 3.1 to subscribers. The following modifications have been made with this release of MathSciNet:
- Links to online articles in journals published by Oxford University Press
are now available. A current list of publishers or journals is available from
the Review Search screen at Status of Article Links.
- An option for secure ordering was added to MathDoc, the document delivery
- When marking records from 1980-84, bibliographic data only is displayed
in DVI or PostScript formats. Reviews between 1980-84 are not in
TeX so the review text cannot be displayed in DVI or PostScript.
- A problem that sometimes caused a Server Error message to occur when downloading
marked records was corrected.
- BibTeX citations will no longer be truncated when angle brackets (<>) are used in a title field. HTML codes are now used instead of angle brackets so browsers will read them properly.
December 15, 1997
MathSciNet Version 3 released
On December 15, 1997, the AMS released MathSciNet Version 3 to subscribers. MathSciNet - available on the Web by subscription - provides searching of over 55 years of Mathematical Reviews and Current Mathematical Publications. New features in Version 3 include:
- Expanded access to online articles
- The rest of pre-1980 reviews added
- Marking records for display or download
- Combining author identification results with other criteria
- Searching 5-Year ranges
- More MathSciNet mirror sites
- Enhancements to Journal Identification
Expanded access to online articles
Last year, MathSciNet provided links to articles in AMS electronic journals. Now, there are links to articles from publishers such as Academic Press and SIAM as well as the AMS. The links are available from either the headline or review of an article. The icon, Article, links directly to the journal's Web site. Access to the full text of an article may be dependent on your having a subscription to the journal. In some cases, the abstract for the article is available without a subscription. A current list of publishers or journals is available from the Review Search screen at Status of Article Links.
The first of pre-1980 reviews added
When MathSciNet was first introduced, reviews from 1980 to the present were available with bibliographic data for reviews from1940 - 79. The American Mathematical Society has begun a project that will add the reviews from 1940 - 1979 to the MathSciNet database. As more reviews become available, they will be added in full year increments. By 1999, the full text of all reviews from 1940 to the present will be available on MathSciNet. The Review Search page has a link, Status of Pre-1980 Reviews, stating the current data available.
Marking records for display or download
In addition to viewing reviews one at a time, you can select items from a Headline List to display or download in one batch. You can choose to display the selected items in the following formats: reviews in HTML, DVI, and PostScript, citations in ASCII and BibTeX.
Combining author identification results
with other criteria
Author Identification, available from the toolbar, is the most effective option for finding all published forms of an author's name. Now you can combine the author's name with other search criteria for a more focused search. Complete lists of an author's works are still available.
Searching 5-year ranges
Using the MR publication year, the database has been divided into 5 year sections beginning with 1940. The MR publication year is the year that a review was published in Mathematical Reviews. You can search one 5 year section or a contiguous range.
More MathSciNet Mirror Sites
Over the last year three mirror sites have been added; there are now five MathSciNet sites. The sites are:
- Houston, TX USA at http://ams.rice.edu/mathscinet
- Strasbourg, France at http://irmasrv1.u-strasbg.fr/mathscinet/
- Bonn, Germany at http://klymene.mpim-bonn.mpg.de/mathscinet/
- Bielefeld, Germany at http://ams.mathematik.uni-bielefeld.de/mathscinet/
- Providence, RI USA at http://www.ams.org/mathscinet/
Enhancements to Journal Identification
- ISSN and CODEN now searchable fields
You can now search using ISSN or CODEN in addition to journal name or abbreviation.
- Journal URLs added
If a journal is available electronically, Journal Identification results list the journal's URL and a live link to that journal's web site.
December 17, 1996
MathSciNet Version 2 released
On December 17, 1996, the AMS released MathSciNet Version 2 to subscribers. MathSciNet - available as an online subscription service from the AMS - provides searching of over 55 years of Mathematical Reviews and Current Mathematical Publications. Significant new version 2 features include:
- Links to AMS journal articles for AMS journals subscribers
- Links to the AMS Bookstore for ordering original works
- Links to the MathDoc document delivery system for ordering journal articles
- Search or browse the current issue of Mathematical Reviews
- Search or browse Mathematics Subject Classifications using the new Classification Identification option
- Refine searches using Document Type or Institution Code search criteria from the MathSciNet search screen
- Download citations in BibTeX format
Featured Reviews in Mathematical Reviews
The most recent three months of Featured Reviews from the Mathematical Reviews database are now freely available on e-MATH or from the MathSciNet home page.
MathSciNet mirror site in Bielefeld, Germany
In December 1996, a MathSciNet mirror site was established in Bielefeld, Germany. Mirror sites are accessible from the MathSciNet home page. Plans are underway to establish other mirror sites in 1997.
Consortium pricing for MathSciNet
The AMS believes that consortial arrangements can be particularly valuable for small- and mid-sized institutions who do not now subscribe to MathSciNet but wish to have access at a more affordable price. Consortial arrangements that have a reasonable mix of current MathSciNet subscribers and non-subscribers, and which have one contact organization or individual for administering consortium payment and arrangements, will now be considered. For additional information contact:
AMS Customer Services
MathSciNet Consortial Arrangments
PO Box 6248, Providence, RI 02940-6248
401-455-4000 or 800-321-4AMS
First MathSciNet User's Group Meeting
The first MathSciNet User's Group Meeting is scheduled for Wednesday, January 8, 1997 at 6pm in the San Diego Convention Center, Room 10 (during the 1997 Joint Mathematics meeting). All MathSciNet users or potential users are welcome to attend. For additional information, please stop by the AMS Electronic Products booth at the meeting or send e-mail to email@example.com.
September 25, 1996
MathSciNet Version 1.4 released
The following modifications have been made:
- Character strings entered as search criteria are highlighted in the results only when they stand alone, not when they are part of larger strings.
- When Anywhere is selected, searches involving titles are more accurate.
- Messages that are generated by the search engine provide more meaningful information.
- The string, 01, can now be used in the Classification field .
June 19, 1996
MathSciNet Version 1.3 released
The following modifications have been made with this release of MathSciNet:
- Create direct links to reviews
- Improved response time
- Improved MathSciNet demo
- Previewer information
- Other modifications
Create direct links to reviews
Now you can make direct links to individual MathSciNet reviews from your web page. The links can be used to establish direct links to either bibliographic information or complete reviews in HTML, DVI, or PostScript formats. GetItem is available for use by all mathematicians. Access to MathSciNet records is limited to MathSciNet subscribers.
Improved response time
Users should see improved response times when using MathSciNet. Working closely with our service provider and with subscriber sites, various changes were made to improve the MathSciNet Internet connection, including the rerouting of the MathSciNet T-1 line. Please notify MathSciNet technical support of any response time problems firstname.lastname@example.com.
Improved MathSciNet demo
The MathSciNet demo has been improved with the addition of descriptive information. The simulated searches and results are described on-screen.
Previewer information
A list of PostScript and DVI previewers, both public domain and commercial, is provided, with links to download the software.
Other modifications made with this release of MathSciNet:
- The DVI and PostScript retrieval problem with Windows has been corrected. A file downloaded from MathSciNet now has a unique name and file extension.
- Plurals are no longer automatic in classification searches. This change makes it possible to limit a search such as the classification 57s.
- The problem with the Retrieve button with Netscape 3.0 Beta has been fixed. Also, additional errors produced by Netscape 3.0 Beta have been addressed.
- Canadian addresses for institution codes now include province and zip code.
- Some problems that were causing error messages from the server have been fixed.
March 19, 1996
MathSciNet Version 1.2 released
The following modifications have been made with this release of MathSciNet:
- The database has been reloaded to incorporate corrections to Author Identification.
- Internal changes have been made to improve performance when searches include hyphens.
February 15, 1996
MathSciNet Version 1.1 released
The following modifications have been made to the initial release of MathSciNet:
- "No Hit" error messages have been customized to provide users with descriptive information.
- MR pre-1985 data has been reloaded to correctly handle hyphenated words.
- "Anywhere" searches have been corrected to include Institution Codes.
- Problems expanding headlines containing author names with accents (') have been resolved. A related problem displaying titles for these authors has also been rectified.
- Review Searches yeilding results containing Journal titles with ampersands (&) has been corrected.
January 1, 1996
MathSciNet Version 1.0 now available
The first release of MathSciNet is now available to subscribers. MathSciNet - the online subscription service from the AMS - provides searching of over 55 years of Mathematical Reviews and Current Mathematical Publications. Mathematical Reviews is available from 1940 to the present with full text of reviews available from 1980 to the present.
More information about MathSciNet
Pricing and subscription information
MathSciNet Demo
The MathSciNet Demo is a simulation of the various types of searches available in MathSciNet. To start the demo, click on the MathSciNet Demo button. If you are using the Netscape 1.1 (or higher) browser, the demo runs automatically. Otherwise, to move from screen to screen, click on "CONTINUE DEMO". To stop the demo at any time, click on "STOP DEMO".
December 4-15, 1995
MathSciNet available for free trial
For the two weeks between December 4 and December 15, MathSciNet was made available to the public for a free trial. Thanks to all who sent comments and suggestions.
December 4, 1995
MathSciNet version 0.7 beta released
The following fixes or changes have been made (includes changes made in version 0.6 beta released November 22, 1995):
- Additional help has been added to the search screens
- Searching on date ranges has been fixed.
- The Anywhere field now searches all fields in a review record. This was documented correctly but not implemented in the original version (0.5beta)
- In author field, the word "and" is no longer case-sensitive. Previously, uppercase and (AND) was not recognized.
- The following reserved words may now be used in searches: near, same, with, xor, tally, expand, root, pref.
- Single instances of the following words are allowed in search fields: and, adj, or.
- Hit-to-hit icons no longer appear in text-only mode.
- When viewing a list of papers authored by a reviewer, it is now possible to get the second page of the listing.
- Under the "How to Subscribe" button: an interactive order form and a license agreement have been added.
October 15, 1995 - November 30, 1995
MathSciNet Version 0.5 beta released
The first public beta version of MathSciNet, the American Mathematical Society's World Wide Web version of the Mathematical Reviews database, is released for testing. Scheduled for public release on January 1, 1996, MathSciNet delivers unparalleled access to the Mathematical Reviews database by taking full advantage of the Web's hypertext linking capabilities.


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INDIANAPOLIS—Ryan Newman, known for his ability to win poles, had gone a startling 63 races without one before Saturday afternoon.
He made a triumphant return atop the qualifying leaderboard at one of the most historic racetracks as he broke an Indianapolis Motor Speedway stock-car record with a lap of 187.531 mph to capture the pole for the Brickyard 400. Newman and eight others broke the former track record of 186.293 mph as the field was set for the 160-lap, 400-mile race Sunday on the 2.5-mile oval.
MORE: Brickyard 400 lineup | Race odds | Race picks
For Newman, it marked the 50th of his career and one of the most important—not just because he is an Indiana native but also he currently is rideless for 2014.
"I just am ecstatic," Newman said. "It's awesome because it's my 50th. It's awesome because it's Indy, and it's a track record on top of that, so it's like a double‑triple bonus.
"But I just really look forward to tomorrow. We've proven today that we have a fast race car, and we just need to go out and put together 400 miles, and that's much easier said than done."
Newman joined a group of now nine drivers who have at least 50 poles in their Cup careers.
He was stuck at 49 since September 2011 at New Hampshire.
"It's been bothering me for a long time," Newman said. "It bothered me really bad to not be in the (preseason) Sprint Unlimited (for pole-winners) this year because I feel like I'm a driver that can still hit his marks each and every lap and put it all together, and we didn't win a pole last year.
"We were close at times, but it's going to be special for me to get back in that race and I know that I earned it, and I earned it at a special place."
Starting beside Newman on the front row will be four-time Brickyard 400 winner Jimmie Johnson, whose speed of 187.438 mph was the best of the day until the last driver—Newman—to go out and qualify.
Johnson knew Newman had a chance to knock him off not just because of his ability to go fast, but also because Stewart-Haas Racing also uses Hendrick Motorsports engines and the two organizations have a technical alliance.
"I'm happy for him," Johnson said. "It's got to be a big day for him, being a hometown boy and all. I'm very happy for Ryan and very happy for our team.
"Starting up front is important here."
Newman isn't exactly a hometown boy, but he is from South Bend, which is 150 miles from Indianapolis and graduated from Purdue University, which is 60 miles from the track.
So it was not surprising he received big cheers from a crowd, many of whom probably are wondering where he's going to race next year.
"I don't know what I'm going to do," said Newman, who will be replaced by Kevin Harvick at SHR next year. "Obviously this is a good step in publicity for me on the positive side, so we'll see what we can do tomorrow."
He will have plenty of company among those who have fast cars. Johnson, Carl Edwards, Denny Hamlin and Tony Stewart rounded out the top-five.
Starting sixth through 10th will be Kurt Busch, Kasey Kahne, Juan Pablo Montoya, Jeff Gordon and Marcos Ambrose.
Dale Earnhardt Jr. will start 15th, and Danica Patrick will start 33rd.
Two drivers failed to qualify: Mike Bliss and Scott Speed.


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Hunters are on the hunt for ammo
BOISE, Idaho (KBOI) - Hunting season is underway. But one thing that may slow things down is ammunition. Impact Guns says they're already finding some ammo very hard to find.
Cynthia Carrell says, "22 ammunition is very hard to come by. When I do, I try to put a one box limit on it. Kind of trying to hang on to it so that everyone can get some."
There are other options like buying online but hunters say if you can find it on the web by the time you pay insurance and shipping it may be costly. "Unless you can reload your own, your spending more say in September and October for duck hunting shells than you would if you bought them in the middle of June," Dane Johns said.
Dane says that most of the talk about the government limiting bullets and magazines doesn't apply to hunting and this misconception may be causing the run on ammo. "So if everybody just calms down a little bit, hunters who are trying to get bullets to go hunting with, wouldn't be in such a pinch."


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January 29, 2013
It Isn't Time to Thank President Obama for Helping Charities
With tax law changes swirling around us every day, nonprofit executives like me lie awake nights wondering how these changes will affect the charitable giving on which we depend. Will the recent tax increases hurt us, as so many journalists and commentators have warned? And what will be the effect of the changes President Obama still plans to seek?
We don't have to speculate. We have data about which fears are legitimate and which ones are not. And some may find the truth surprising.
Predictably, the deal that emerged over the holidays featured President Obama's promised tax-rate comeuppance for America's dreaded "millionaires and billionaires," raising the top marginal income-tax rate from 35 percent to 39.6 percent It also reintroduced an old law (the so-called "Pease" provision) that slightly lowers the value of all deductions.
In these policies, some observers predict a hard blow to charitable giving. In the long run, it is true that the best way to ensure healthy giving is a stable and growing economy in which Americans have an incentive to earn more money—and that will happen only if they can keep what they earn. In the short run, however, the tax changes just adopted will actually raise giving slightly.
Alan Viard, a tax economist at my organization—the American Enterprise Institute—has shown that the Pease provision will have virtually no impact in encouraging or deterring giving. And for most families facing a tax rise, the incentive to give is now actually a little bit more enticing than it was last year.
When the marginal tax rate—the rate paid on the last dollar of income—rises, it affects giving in two ways. First, the tax increase lowers disposable income, depressing giving.
Second, however, it lowers the "price of giving"—the amount of a contribution actually paid by the donor—which encourages people to give more. For example, if my marginal tax rate rises from 35 percent to 39.6 percent, that means I have a higher deduction and my taxable income falls when I make a gift. The price I pay for every $100 donated falls from $65 to $60.40.
Using data on the charitable giving of 8,690 families compiled by the University of Michigan and the Indiana University Center on Philanthropy, we can estimate the total impact from the recent tax changes.
Imagine a couple who together earn $1-million from their jobs and give $20,000 to charity. In 2013, they will pay $25,300 in new taxes due to the rate increase (39.6 percent instead of 35 percent on income above $450,000). Their disposable income falls by about 2.5 percent, while the price of giving has fallen by about 7 percent.
A statistical analysis of giving behavior shows that the income decrease will lower the amount they give by about 1.1 percent. Meanwhile, the change in the price of giving will increase their giving by about 4.6 percent. The upshot of all this: They will probably increase their giving by about 3.5 percent, or $700.
So should nonprofit leaders send Mr. Obama a thank-you note? I would advise holding off on that.
President Obama has made clear that the tax increases called for in the New Year's Day deal were just his first bite at the apple. The night he signed the agreement, he called for "further reforms to our tax code so that the wealthiest corporations and individuals can't take advantage of loopholes and deductions that aren't available to most Americans."
If Republicans hope to curb America's ruinous spending and overhaul Social Security, Medicare, and other entitlement programs in any way, they can expect Mr. Obama to demand new laws limiting deductions, including for charitable gifts. The administration has said in the past that it would like the ceiling to be 28 percent, meaning that anyone with a marginal tax rate higher than this would see an increase in the price of giving.
Nonprofits that depend on charitable gifts would not emerge unscathed. Consider the possible effect of the 28-percent deduction cap. Families with a marginal tax rate higher than 28 percent are responsible for more than 20 percent of all charitable donations, according to figures for 2009.A deduction cap of 28 percent will, all else being equal, lower total giving by more than $2-billion. Perhaps those sympathetic to the administration might say this is a small price to pay for progress toward the goal of a larger welfare state.
The price goes up, however, depending on the type of nonprofit. Secular organizations in general would see losses higher than religious groups, and those that depend on higher-income donors would be hurt most of all. For instance, a university that relies heavily on upper-income alumni could expect a hit to contributions of 2 percent. An art museum with a typical donor in the top 1 percent of earners would lose more than 6 percent of its contributions.
What's even more worrisome, though, is that economists who study giving believe that these tax effects are muted due to economic uncertainty. So as the economy improves, charities would be hit much harder by the tax-deduction cap. That means the art museum could expect to see donations drop by almost 10 percent due to the 28-percent deduction cap.
For some nonprofits still battered by five years of a downturn, that kind of loss would necessitate layoffs of staff members and reductions in programs.
How would they make up the losses? Predictably, some would come begging to government officials for a handout. The successful supplicants would come to depend more on government money and less on private donations. The state would insinuate itself into more of our charitable activities. And government spending would—as it always seems to—increase.
Arthur Brooks is president of the American Enterprise Institute and author of more than 50 books and academic studies on charitable giving.


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Hello all,
I have no idea wheter or not this is the correct place to post this but I was wondering if someone could help me. Some time ago I read a blog by a Buddhist monk who had spent considerable time (over 10 yrs., might have even been 18 yrs.) as a forest practitioner. He now lives in the US, maybe California and is a good writer who writes long posts. I think I got the link from this forum. I enjoyed his blog, though he didn't have many posts yet, but can't find it again.
Anyone knows?
Many thanks,


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YOUR WISE SHOPPER: We didn't buy a thing on Black Friday. And, just to make it fair to merchants of all sizes and degrees of cold-hearted facelessness, we didn't buy anything on Small Business Saturday, either.
We were growing wealthier by the day, simply by not going out shopping like literally everyone else in the country. It was a move every bit as shrewd as when we avoided the Bernie Madoff-fueled market collapse of 2009 simply by leaving every penny we had in our checking account.
The only problem was, we didn't have any gifts to give for Christmas.
One year when we were a young adult living on our own, we went through the entire season without bothering to get any gifts. When Christmas Eve arrived, we panicked, though not to the extent that we went out and purchased anything. Instead, we had the brilliant idea to announce to all our family as they sat among their gifts, that we would donate, in each of their names, the money we would have spent on their presents.
"For is that not," we intoned, our fingers interlaced with what we hoped would come across as grace, "the true meaning of this blessed day? Now, please join me in prayer."
Our mom snorted; everyone else was polite enough to sneer noiselessly. We ended up not donating any money to anyone. That was our way of punishing the cynicism of our greed-blinded family.
On Sunday, our daughter asked if we would go holiday shopping with her on Long Beach's Retro Row section of Fourth Street. We were watching football and doing the Sunday New York Times crossword puzzle, so, of course, we told her to get lost. Who needs to spend quality time with a daughter on Sunday. You want to get all sad about it, listen to "Cat's in the Cradle," which is sort of what went through our head when we said, "Just kidding! Come on, let's go! It'll be fun!"
Sunday - maybe you know it as Cyber-Monday Eve - was the perfect day to go: No throwing elbows at Wal-Mart shoppers on Black Friday or tripping over smugsters at Small Biz Saturday. The mercantile world was our mercantile oyster.
We got more shopping done than in any day of our Christmas shopping history. (An aside here to the inevitable and wearisome crackpot: If we're talking about Christmas, we'll call it Christmas; if we're referring to the season, we'll call it the holidays. You're going to have to arrange your life around that fact. In this case, all the gifts we bought were for Christmas presents, so, yes, we were Christmas shopping, although we did buy a couple of things for our otherly hued friends and/or fearers of other gods or none at all, and maybe they'd like them for one of the other holidays that pile up at year's end, but the wrapping is going to make them look like Christmas presents. We're fairly PC, but not to the extent that we're going to buy wrapping paper from the United Nations Gift Shop).
Crowds aside, as they were on Sunday, the scope of products available on Retro Row and other small shopping districts dwarfs the entire array of offerings at Wal-Mart or a shopping mall.
We could shop at Wal-Mart all day long and come away with nothing but a 20-pack of crew socks and a five-gallon jar of pickles, but, excuse us helpful Wal-Mart customer service representative, could you tell us, please, on what aisle might we find a copy of Frances Gulick Jewett's 1927 "Physiology, Hygiene & Sanitation"?
We purchased that book (and a few bags of other things that you can't find in your basic "store") at Inretrospect on Fourth Street, maybe our favorite overall shop in this hemisphere.
The proprietor was a bit irked that he hadn't noticed that the book was in the store. "I would've kept that one for myself," he said, when we showed him some of the photographs in the ancient book, including a picture of a drunkard's liver and another of a mustachioed gent sleeping in a bed on the roof of his house in order to avoid consumption (the book reminds the gentle reader to keep warm, with the tip, "An inexpensive way to get extra covering is to sew newspapers between blankets").
On and on we went, snapping up toddler-size Who T-shirts, a toy piano that plays the same song over and over till you want to drop a bank safe on it, hard-to-find condiments, gaudy Christmas apparel, handcrafted boxes and artwork.
After 90 minutes of shopping, we went to Portfolio with our daughter for some coffee before heading back to the car.
"Well, that worked out well," we said.
"It was great," replied Hannah. "Now, let's go to Second Street."
And so we did and it, too, was great.
email@example.com, 562-714-2116 or twitter.com/grobaty


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2007 Super Bowl XLI Champions!
I want to kick a football into a lake....
Don't ask Marvin Harrison what he did during the bye week. "Batman never told where the Bat Cave is," he explained.


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CHINO HILLS – The Chino Hills Citizens on Patrol are looking for members to help serve the community.
The volunteer organization helps patrol the streets of Chino Hills.
They serve the Chino Hills Police Department and act as "The Eyes and Ears of Law Enforcement."
They are a team of highly trained volunteers who enhance vital crime prevention services and community awareness through proactive law enforcement principles.
The Citizen Patrol Program is design for the volunteers who has an interest in helping law enforcement and the community.
Volunteers must be willing to volunteer a minimum of eight hours a month.
If citizens are interested in applying or want more information they should call the Chino Hills Police Department at 909-364-2000.


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Samuel Clemens, AKA Mark Twain, found his muse in great plumes of cigar smoke.
(continued from page 5)
* * *
He moved his work upstairs, into the billiard room. There he wrote, but the room was also used for its original purpose. Albert Bigelow Paine, Clemens' friend, literary executor and a biographer of the author, reported, "Every Friday evening, or oftener, a small party of billiard-lovers gathered, and played until a late hour, told stories, and smoked till the room was blue, comforting themselves with hot Scotch and general good-fellowship." (The original table is gone, replaced by one from Clemens' later home in New York City.) The ceiling is decorated with painted pipes, cigars and billiard cues, as are the translucent marble windows on the south wall of the house, which record the year it was built.
The Clemens Family on their Hartford home's porch (or "umbra") with cigar. Clemens invested in the machine because he had firsthand experience with the difficulty of having to set type manually. When he was 12 he had learned the craft as an apprentice at the Missouri Courier. Clemens thought James W. Paige's machine would revolutionize printing and make millions. "Very much the best investment I have ever made," Clemens once said, but at that time he had put up only $5,000. Among other minor investors Clemens attracted was Bram Stoker, the author of Dracula.
* * *
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Or register for Cigar Aficionado today—it's free.
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The new year will serve as a new chapter for one longtime Los Altos business.
The European Cobblery is scheduled to vacate its retail home at 201 First St. after 27 years in downtown Los Altos. The family-owned business' final day is Jan. 31.
Stephanee Oberhauser, who manages the store with her husband, Steven, and father, Paul Roth, told the Town Crier that her family attempted to relocate the business to another retail space in the downtown area but simply couldn't find a location that met their needs. Oberhauser politely declined to discuss the circumstances that led to the need to move the business.
"That was our first goal, to stay here," said Stephanee, who recalled the day her father opened the First Street location when she was 9 years old. "This was certainly a hard decision."
Still, she added, all is far from lost. The Oberhausers will join other family members to run the family's Palo Alto shop at 410 California Ave., which opened in 1982.
Stephanee said the closing of the Los Altos location is really more of a consolidation of resources. She hopes the extra few miles to the Palo Alto cobblery won't be too far to deter longtime Los Altos customers from making the trip in the future.
"It's not like this is a situation where we're going out of business or something," she said. "Collaborating with my family to run the Palo Alto store just makes more sense."
The change will also benefit her father and mother, Desiree Roth, who are working to open a new European Cobblery location in Campbell in 2014. The new location will shorten her parents' commute significantly. They made the trek from their home in Morgan Hill to Los Altos for many years.
"They're putting their energy into the new store in Campbell, so they're jazzed about that," Stephanee said. "One door closes, another door opens."
Steven readily conceded that his family will miss the familiar faces – customers and nearby retailers alike – they have become accustomed to encountering on a daily basis over nearly three decades.
"I've been working for Steph's parents since, gosh, I was 23," Steven said. "It's a place where we've been established a really long time, so it's hard to give it up."
For more information, visit europeancobblery.com.