text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Sep 5, 1995
|Filing date
|Aug 12, 1993
|Priority date
|Sep 5, 1988
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Karl-Axel Ahl, Joakim Nelson
|Original Assignee
|Ahl; Karl-Axel, Nelson; Joakim
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (15), Non-Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (93), Classifications (6), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/689,773 filed on May 2, 1991, now abandoned, and Int. Application No. PCT/SE89/00470 filed on Sep. 5, 1989, and which designated the U.S.
The invention relates to a method and a system in a wide area radio communication network, comprising at central stations, each cental station being assigned to one or more peripheral station.
To make possible for a plurality of users of wide area mobile or stationary radio systems to utilize common communication resources methods of time and/or frequency sharing (e.g. TDMA, ALOHA, CSMA, Polling, FDMA) have been developed. The first method developed was frequency sharing. The Nordic mobile telephone system NMT is based on this method. According to the frequency sharing method the users are allocated a certain channel at a certain frequency during the communication. Time sharing is a more modern method.
Digital wide area systems normally use time sharing, some times in combination with frequency sharing.
A drawback of the prior art methods for sharing resources is that the central station disposed in the center of the area must be able continuously to reach the peripheral stations spread out in each cell area or sector (e.g. within 360� or 90�.; see FIGS. 1 and 2).
The quality of digitally transmitted signals is effected by reflection and diffraction, see FIG. 3. By using omni directional or sector directional antennas the transmission capacity is limited. This is a difficult problem especially in mobile systems.
Another drawback in current systems is that an ongoing information process between two stations results in transmission and reception in undesired directions. Small cell configurations such as those shown in FIG. 4 are common in radio area networks.
EP,A3,0201254 discloses a more developed radio communication system which utilizes spot beams, time division multiple access, and frequency-use to provide communication service from a central station to remote customers within a system service region. The central station provides multistage switching on intermediate frequency level to form a spotted beam in different directions so as to permit the respective sharing of radio transmitters and receivers over a major number of antenna transmitting and receiving ports. At the super central station, each section of the service area is covered by a different one of a raster of spot beams which are switched in accordance with a TDMA frame. A small number of transmission frequencies are re-used by different spot beams. The signal output energy is constant, regardless of the distance between the central station and the customer stations.
An object of the present invention is to overcome limitations and drawbacks of the prior art systems mentioned above. Another object of the present invention is to minimize interference between stations and to minimize the total power consumption of the system.
The present invention of a method of operating in a wide area radio communications network has the steps of providing at least two central stations, each of the central stations being assigned to at least one peripheral station. During all time intervals, radio transmission is coordinated at specific frequencies between stations positioned along an arbitrary line by generating in the central stations time coordination signals. Coordination data is determined in advance and provided at the central stations. Information transfer coordination is arranged between subsystems along with dynamical changes using quality detection codes. In a central station information concerning the location of stations disposed at predetermined distances from the central station is stored. Transmission direction and transmission intervals of the peripheral stations assigned to the central station is calculated from the information. Each of the peripheral stations stores the transmission data.
In order to explain the invention embodiments thereof will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein
FIGS. 1-6 are representations of prior art communication systems,
FIG. 7 shows a timing sequency in the system shown in FIGS. 5 and 6,
FIG. 8 is a representation of the buffering principle which takes place in the system according to FIGS. 5 and 6,
FIG. 9 is a view from above of an embodiment of a system according to the invention during a specific time interval,
FIG. 10 shows the system in FIG. 9 during another time interval,
FIG. 11 shows a central station according to the invention,
FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the invention utilizing phase array antennas,
FIG. 13 is a representation of a timing synchronizing system utilized in an embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 14 is a representation of a phase displacement system utilized in an embodiment of the invention,
FIGS. 15A & 15B show a representation of a system according to the invention,
FIGS. 16, 17 and 18 are representations of a system according to the invention transmitting in duplex and semi duplex,
FIGS. 19 and 20 are representations of different time frames for different subsystems in duplex and semiduplex,
FIG. 21 is a block diagram of a system configuration,
FIGS. 22A & 22B show a representation of the configuration in FIG. 21
FIG. 23 is a block diagram of a sub-system, and
FIGS. 24 to 26 are representations of different methods of connecting systems according to the invention to external networks.
The information transmission between two stations in a prior art system using spotted beams takes place during a specific time interval or time slot, many slots constituting a frame, and in a specific direction. The transmission is normally repeated continuously. With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 it is clear that when transmission is taking place between two stations, the stations are directed towards each other with regard to the transmitting as well as the receiving direction.
The time diagram in FIG. 7 shows how the transmission between stations is divided into frames or time intervals.
When the information flow is continuous the information is transmitted as packets in time slots which are stored and rebuilt at the receiving unit and then retransmitted from the system in the original shape. The transmission is transparent to the user. There is a certain delay in transmission mainly caused by the package transmission. Buffering and the rebuilding, see FIG. 8, in which 11 and 12 are references for peripheral stations and 10 for a central station. The time delay between each package or the repeated time slot in a frame is adjusted to the time delay acceptable in connected services. In public telephone networks a delay of up to 50 ms may be acceptable.
The wide area telecommunication, system according to the invention is intended for all types and combinations of telecommunication services, such as analog and digital telephone transmission, high quality sound and image transmission, low-speed asynchronous data transmission and synchronous data transmission, all services in corporation with other types of networks and services.
It is also possible to implement the system according to the invention for a specific service or for a specific combination of services. During the transmission phase the antenna of a central station is always directed towards a specific peripheral station, but a peripheral station may under certain circumstances, such as in mobile applications, utilize an omni directional antenna and/or a adaptive directional antenna.
Each station dynamically and continuously redirects itself to the next station in turn for transmission. To keep the system capacity high the redirection delay is made very short in relation to the time of the timeslots. In the system according to the invention the redirection time delays are about or less than 1 microsecond which means that the time losses due to redirection are marginal. At a channel capacity of 2 Mbite/s and 50 active stations less than 1 percent of transmission time is lost due to the redirection.
The system according to the invention is intended for stationary peripheral stations as well as mobile type peripheral stations. In a system comprising stationary peripheral stations the geographical position of each of the stations is stored. Position data are utilized when the central stations calculate and control the peripheral stations transmitting and receiving direction, time assignment according to traffic demand and timing in other subsystems, power and when applicable carrier frequency in order to optimize capacity and quality and minimize interferance. When a new station is connected or an active station is disconnected the system automatically recalculates transmission control data. Central stations use time slots in the frames during which the area covered by that central station is scanned to locate and identify any new station added and any previous active station disconnected or reconnected. Basically a central station of the system has three basic states or modes:
A) Identifying stations and compensating for distance variations, for correct timing and power control.
B) Controlling station traffic.
C) Transferring user and system information.
Optionally the system performs also:
D) Scanning for identifying non-active and new stations and the locations thereof.
The system includes a central station antenna which is directed towards one specific peripheral station during short time intervals during which information is transferred, so as to achieve optimized signal strengths and minimized interference for the normal information exchange. The information exchange which is well defined in time as well as in direction makes possible a simultaneous reuse of the frequency in the vicinity of said stations, as long as the transimission direction during that time interval is different. From FIGS. 9 and 10 it is apparent how three different central stations 10, 10', 10" can transmit to three different peripheral stations 11, 11', 11" and use the same frequency f1. This is possible because of the highly directed antenna system, of the central station and because of the power, information transfer and timing control applied to the system. FIG. 9 shows the transmission taking place during time interval t1 and FIG. 10 during time interval t2. During certain time periods the central stations search and scan for new stations or movements of stations. The central stations are not directed towards any specific peripheral station during said time periods.
The system utilizes dynamically controlled antennas 41 and the principle of this type of antennas is shown in FIG. 11. In one implementation of the system phase array antennas 42 are used, see FIG. 12. The construction of the phase array antennas depends on the application. In FIG. 12 four plane phase array antenna elements 17, each of which covers 90�, are combined so as to cover a full circle for one radio transmitter/receiver. Alternatively, one plane phase array element is combined with one transmitter/receiver in order to allow the central station to serve a sector. Each of the elements is constructed to have a well defined transmission direction in space.
One central station 10 and the peripheral stations 11 connected thereto comprise one subsystem which combined with more subsystems forms a larger communication system that cover a principally unlimited area as illustrated in FIGS. 21 and 22. Different configuration types are possible, such as those shown in FIGS. 24, 25 and 26 with decentralized or hirarcial structures. Further, all or some of the stations may be provided with dynamically controlled directional antennas.
One implementation of timing control between subsystems is shown in FIG. 13 where the central stations 10 receive synchronizing signals from an external reference source and communication channel such as a satellite 21, radio/TV transmitter etc. The timing control and traffic coordination between subsystems to avoid interference could also take place through the public telephone network or through central stations which are set up to be synchronized and exchange control data with adjacent stations, 80, see FIGS. 21 and 22. Compensation for and control of time reference differences, 34, between different adjacent sites may be included in advance by compensating for the relative time difference between different geographically separated stations. Alternatively, the central stations are provided with a frame stability which makes synchronization unnecessary. If synchronization is not applied adaptive fault detection methods are used to coordinate traffic in the subsystems.
FIG. 14 shows a simplified arrangement to which there is applied a dynamic time slot allocation in dependence of the traffic for each central station independent of traffic analyse on other central stations. To minimize the interference between central stations the scanning beam or beams at each central station can be phase delayed and/or combined with a quality detection to perform communication as mentioned above. Thus, in this way risk of interference is minimized without a dynamic traffic coordination between none-adjacent central stations.
A way of avoiding interference between different substations is simply not to allow information exchange in some directions during some time intervals. Areas 22 in FIG. 15a are referenced as prohibited zones and no transmission is allowed in those areas. The unit giving the reference number 23 is a source of interference, which can be constant in time.
At certain time intervals a pair of station in each subsystems are bound to interfere when they transfer information at the same frequency. See FIG. 15b. Two such stations are referenced as a pair at risk. 24, 25, 26, 27, 28. However, for fixed applications pairs at risk are known in advance and the time intervals given to the stations in a pair at risk are chosen by the control system so as to minimize the risk of interference.
By adjusting the transmission power to a level for each station pair that exchange information to achieve a certain expected transmission quality the level of interference is minimized and the information exchange is not performed with an unnecessary high quality. FIG. 15b shows power diagrams 25, 26 for different stations situated at different distances from their central stations. In order to maintain a desired transmission quality in the system in unpredicted situations is fault detection applied. The influence from interference can be decreased by adapting forward error correction codes or by changing time slots or frequency.
When a system according to the present invention is used for duplex transmission information packages to or from a central station are coordinated with respect to time intervals. In that way losses due to directional changes in time and capacity are minimized. FIGS. 16 and 17 show how the antenna system of one central station for one radio unit is directed in one specific direction at the time T1 and transmits and receives information packets to and from a peripheral station 20. At point T2 another packet is received at the central station from the peripheral station 19 and its corresponding packet is sent out to 19, in duplex mode.
FIG. 18 shows a similar process as described with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17 but at different time slots T1, Tn, T5, Tk in semi duplex mode. The transmission process is separated between the central station and the peripheral stations as illustrated in the antenna diagram 38 and 39. 44 is the information packets sent by a central station and 45 is the information sent by the peripheral station. In semi duplex mode the central station coordinate the traffic flow to and from the peripheral stations and direct the antennas towards incoming packages from peripheral stations shortly before the information 45 is received by the antenna. Shortly after the transmission is completed the antenna is redirected. A central station controls each of the peripheral stations associated therewith with respect to the time intervals during which the peripheral station is allowed to transmit information. In that way the central station knows when information will be transmitted from each of the peripheral stations and when the information will be received. When such a package is received the antenna lobe 38 has just taken the proper direction. During the rest of the time period of each frame the central station exchanges information with other peripheral stations and in the next frame the antenna is again directed towards the mentioned station as long as the time slot is assigned.
FIG. 19 shows the duplex frame structure for one or several central stations 1 . . . n. The transmission and receiving time are illustrated at 35 and 36. The total amount of time available during one frame is referenced by 32. One frame is devided into certain slots 320. The relative time difference between geographically separated central stations is referenced by 34.
FIG. 20 shows the semi duplex mode where each subsystem or central station using the same radio carrier is separated in a transmission time for the central station and the peripheral stations 38 and 39. The total time for one frame for both directions is referenced by 33. The time slot assigment in each of the directions can be different which is shown at 380 and 390 in semi duplex mode the transmission direction to and from the peripheral stations is controlled by time slot allocation reservation which makes it possible to handle traffic of different capacity between ports in the system independently of the transmission direction. The semi duplex frame structure is separated in a transmission time period and a receiving time period in order to operate several different central stations at the same time on the same frequency, see FIG. 22, with minimized interference between subsystems. Said central stations can be adjacent or non-adjacent.
FIGS. 21 and 22 show an example of an implementation of the system over a wide area. One or several central stations 10 form subsystems 50 together with peripheral stations 11 and 12. One or several central stations can be formed as one station or super central station 40 at the same site via a digital switch. The traffic within or between different subsystems may take place through an external digital switching device 90 in order to increase redundancy or to use each super central station more efficiently. Several subsystems 50 form a system 70. Synchronisation and coordination between subsystems and inter system data exchange is shown at 80. Connection ports to other networks are represented by 31 and 91 at the central or super central stations and by 310 at the peripheral stations. Coexistance of two subsystems that cover the same region is shown in FIG. 22, c.
FIG. 23 shows one subsystem 50 and under the central station 10 one or several separated peripheral stations 11 and 12 with its ports 310 where user traffic is to be connected. Use of data transmission is represented by 500. Signalling between central and peripheral stations is represented by 800 for the ports and by 900 for other signalling. Interference is further possible to minimize in the system by analysing the user information which is required to be sent through each subsystem. If so desired only information packets that carries changes or certain types of changes are transmitted through the system. When information is considered redundant and is not transmitted the information is instead reinserted at the corresponding destination port of the system. The information transfer between ports is controlled in the signalling 800 which requires less band width than usual data transfer 500. Data, such as silence or "on hook condition" in a telephone system and/or repaeted similar data streams or no data transmission from a computer, LAN, PABX, IMAGES, etc can be controlled by signalling between the stations. In this way the interference in the system is decreased. Further, the system capacity will be increased.
FIGS. 24, 25, 26 show examples of different system configurations. In FIG. 24 each of the super central stations or subsystems is connected to another network 72. In FIG. 25 connection to another network is made through one super central station or subsystem only, inter traffic between stations shown at 1000. FIG. 26 shows a more complex and decentralized structure where some super central stations or central stations are terminated to other networks and some are not.
By allowing a plurality of geographically adjacent subsystems each having a possibility to cover 360� horizontally while using the same frequency, the frequency space effenciency is increased by a factor from 7 to at least 14 in relation to other methods, see FIG. 4, of wide radio, area networks. As the antenna system may also include vertical space control and as different users are separated in variable altitudes such as sky scrapes the factor is further increased.
When each central station is equipped with an antenna each covering a sector of 90� horizontally the frequency efficiency is still further improved by a factor of about 4 when interferance is controlled efficiently. If such an arrangement includes two or more systems to cover the same area from the same site 51 the efficiency is still further improved. Each central and peripheral station is equipped with ports that allow multiplexed or unmultiplexed digital signals to be transmitted through the system. The ports 31; 91; 310 form the connection points between the users and the system. Said ports are designed in such a way that it is possible to achieve a secure and if required a compressed information exchange through the system for each service connected. This is done in order to avoid interference and to delete unnecessary information transfer which at some time intervals carries no significant data, see FIG. 23. This further improves the frequency efficiency and the interference risks are further decreased.
The secrecy of the system according to the present invention is also improved dramatically when information is transmitted in packages in different directions. By adjusting the transmission intensity in dependence of the actual traffic and quality needs the secrecy is further improved.
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|Dec 11, 1996
|Mar 21, 2001
|Stanford Telecomm Inc
|Dma cellular radio system with a channel quality criterion
|Dec 4, 1996
|Oct 28, 1998
|Stanford Telecommunications, Inc
|Local multipoint distribution system
|Sep 23, 1996
|Apr 3, 1997
|Pacific Communication Sciences, Inc.
|Time sharing method and apparatus for frequency reuse in cellular communication systems
|Mar 7, 1997
|Sep 12, 1997
|Watkins-Johnson Company
|Distributed microcellular communications system
|Mar 24, 1997
|Nov 6, 1997
|Radio Design Innovation Ab
|Rotating lobe access method
|U.S. Classification
|455/422.1, 455/25, 455/450
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jul 25, 1997
Owner name: TIME SPACE RADIO AB, SWEDEN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:AHL, KARL-AXEL;NELSON, JOAKIM;REEL/FRAME:008621/0722
Effective date: 19970718
|Feb 18, 1999
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Mar 26, 2003
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Sep 5, 2003
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Nov 4, 2003
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20030905


text:
Candlestick with fake candle made of golden brass, measuring H27cm of height.
This candlestick has a fake candle, but doesn't include the filter inside.
The inner diameter of the candle measures 3.2cm, and the outer one measures 4cm.
- Model: PC002164
- Shipping Weight: 0.5Kg
- Materials: Brass
- Origin: Italy
- MEASURESUnits:
- Height: 27 cm
- MEASURESUnits:
- Height: 10.63 in

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Norwegian Krone (NOK) to Egyptian Pound (EGP) Converter
Enter the amount of money to be converted from Norwegian Krone (NOK) to Egyptian Pound (EGP), it is converted as you type. Also, you can convert in the reverse direction (from EGP to NOK).
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Here is the NOK to EGP Chart. Select a time frame for the chart; 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, year to day, 1 Year and all available time which varies from 7 to 13 years according to the currency. You can also, download the chart as a png or jpeg image or as a pdf file or directly print the chart by clicking on the corresponding button in the top right of the chart.


text:
Every year in the past noone ever wanted to date me. Noone. I accepted the rejections bc I can't force them and I wouldn't want to force anyone to do anything so as the stress increased I decided to give up and be single forever. Now I like being single and I want it to stay that way but like everyone else I still get a crush every now and then. And everytime (since the beginning of 2015) to now there has been a girl that likes me back. Why is this? If noone wanted to date me in the past 4 years, why have six different girls I met this year want to date me now?
Why have some girls I liked wanted to date me this past year?
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text:
Correspondence: The Melatonin Hypothesis: A Matter of Method
- Authors
- Journal
- Environmental Health Perspectives 0091-6765
- Publisher
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Publication Date
- Source
- Legacy
- Keywords
- Disciplines
110(2) FrontPages PCB-Induced Impairments in Older Adults: Critique of Schantz et al.'s Methodology and Conclusions Shantz (1) provided a valuable scientific ser- vice to the field of the developmental neu- rotoxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by offering insightful criticisms of the methodologies used by Jacobson et al. (2) and others. Schantz and colleagues pro- ceeded to study PCBs and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethane (DDE), shifting the focus from effects on infants and children to effects on a cohort of older adults (3–6). The shortcomings of the research design and data analysis used by Shantz et al. are equivalent to the shortcomings of previous studies (1). In their paper published in 2001 (3), Schantz et al. a) failed to account adequately for the chance significant find- ings that occur when many statistical analy- ses are conducted simultaneously; b) used an outdated measure of memory when a much-improved test was available at the time of testing; c) failed to consider the implications of the experimental inter- dependency of two key variables that were significantly related to PCBs; and d) con- trolled IQ (intelligence quotient) only with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- Revised (WAIS-R) vocabulary subtest. Schantz et al. (3) conducted 48 multi- ple regression analyses simultaneously, 24 with DDE and 24 with PCBs, spanning several cognitive domains. They used an alpha level of 0.05, which means that one significant finding is expected to occur by chance alone for every 20 analyses; with 48 analyses, 2–3 significant findings will occur by chance. Schantz et al. identified four sig- nificant findings, which is barely above the number expected by chance; however, they focused only on three—the ones that pro- duced the anticipated negative correla- tion—and they virtually ignored the signif- icant, but opposite, relationship between DDE and delayed recall. Of the three nega- tive associations with PCBs, two were experimentally interdependent—List A, Trial 1, and


text:
Forums > Photography Talk > wedding guests with same/better gear
Posts: 28
Passaic, New Jersey, US
I'm a student at the New York Institute of Photography. They have a saying at NYIP... "It's not the violin, it's the violinist." Point is: If you know composition, and take good photos, your work will outshine other peoples gear.
Jan 20 13 04:12 pm Link
Posts: 781
Springfield, Missouri, US
I don't shoot many weddings any more, but I used to consult with the couple a few weeks in advance, and advised them that the quality of the pictures was in direct proportion to the courtesy of the guests. I recommended that this accompany the invitations.
"We are thrilled for you to share our special day with us. We have hired a professional photographer to record every aspect of what we think will be a magical experience. With that in mind, we ask our guests to be courteous with their use of personal cameras and recording devices. Bear in mind that raising a cell phone camera over your head during the ceremony, or positioning yourself behind us during a special moment may interfere with the contracted photographer. We ask that our friends keep their personal photos discreet."
Jan 21 13 08:04 am Link
Posts: 3061
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
I shot a 50th wedding anniversary on Saturday evening. During 4 hours of coverage I counted 10 top level cameras (20 guests). The couple are in their 70's with 3 kids...the majority of the guests were professionals (lawyers, teachers etc).
The lowest camera was a Fuji Xpro...
Jan 21 13 09:03 am Link
Posts: 647
Davenport, Iowa, US
If I was to worry about such a silly thing, it would be that someone at the wedding is wearing the same shirt as me. I found out no one looks like Waldo at a wedding...well, including me. But, still I found this out.
Jan 26 13 06:41 pm Link
Posts: 1359
Vallejo, California, US
can i see some of the 6400iso shots please
Jan 27 13 05:27 am Link
Posts: 281
Somerset, Pennsylvania, US
It's going to happen, don't sweat it. When I was shooting weddings, I hung out at a wedding photography forum and I'll never forget one photographer posting a shot of the bride's father at the wedding shooting with his with own digital Hasselblad H3D.
Jan 27 13 06:38 am Link
Posts: 6175
Glens Falls, New York, US
Andy Durazo wrote:
I usually bring my Hassy to outdoor weddings. It's a fun camera to use, and I'm only going to take 20-30 photos tops anyway. But some photographers are pretty tetchy about that stuff, and all you can do is remember that it's not YOUR day, and hope you brought along a pocket camera.
Michael Pandolfo wrote:
This was a couple pages ago, but I still wanted to comment on it. You really should dress well and care about your appearance - it's not an ego thing. But there is a limit. You shouldn't ever be better-dressed or flashier than the groom, or the bride if you're a woman. That means for guys, no tuxes unless it's an incredibly formal wedding. No three-piece suits, bright pocket squares, pocket watches, or other flashy jewelry unless it's a formal wedding, you're doing it for your friends, or both. I'm not sure what the rule is for ladies, but I should think that wearing a skirt, instead of pants or a dress, is probably the way to go.
Jan 27 13 07:09 am Link
Posts: 1803
Fredericksburg, Virginia, US
twoharts wrote:
Of course Leicas are toy cameras!
Jan 27 13 07:10 am Link
Posts: 7049
Pekin, Indiana, US
Faces2Die4 Photography wrote:
+1000, been there, done that, not again.
Jan 27 13 07:15 am Link
Posts: 13401
Nashville, Tennessee, US
I could care less. Not impressed with some guest who tries to pontificate because they have more camera than they know how to use. They hired me, I'm doing the job, I don't give a shit what they have or do as long as they don't interfere with my work.
Jan 27 13 07:23 am Link
Posts: 724
Westminster, Colorado, US
I wont worry, until Uncle Bob can sync my settings and trigger my lights. Until then, I'll be getting better photos, than him.
Jan 27 13 07:35 am Link
Posts: 779
Lexington, Kentucky, US
I'm actually a little shocked at the number of photogs in here who take any of their gear to a wedding they aren't paid to shoot. Maybe I'm different but I wouldn't do it because I don't want to carry around gear when I don't have too lol.
Jan 27 13 07:57 am Link
Posts: 4814
Manchester, England, United Kingdom
twoharts wrote:
I think that has always been the case, although I also think pros have been able to differentiate themselves with technology. It's only now that guests are starting to be able to shoot in very low light.
Jan 27 13 08:26 am Link
Posts: 610
Perth, Western Australia, Australia
I want a fuji x-e1. just for general use
Jan 27 13 09:40 am Link
Posts: 1539
Mansfield Center, Connecticut, US
This is nothing new. I shot weddings back in the 70s and 80s where a guest showed up with a Hasselblad. I've also been invited to a couple of weddings where the couple asked me to bring a camera and take a few shots. I showed up with my Rolleiflex or my Hasselblad and the paid photographer was using a Mamiya. Like that line from The Godfather; "As long as his business doesn't interfere with my business I wish him well....".
Jan 27 13 09:59 am Link
Posts: 2405
Salem, Virginia, US
Photosbycj wrote:
The last wedding I was at - a relative of my wife's - I left my gear at home. The 'official' photog was young, much the same age as the bride and groom. He was more interested in smoozing with the large number of great-looking girls who were there having a great time. It was excruciating watching all the wonderful opportunities for memorable shots being passed by.
Jan 27 13 10:18 am Link
Posts: 2321
Brooklyn, New York, US
Andy Durazo wrote:
Funny! Yes indeed if you want to stand out bring a Hasselblad, especially a V series film Hassy with bare bulb/reflector style flash. I've done it and the paid digital photographer drooled and his photography major college student assistant was all over me with questions and photography talk whenever she got a break.
Jan 27 13 04:57 pm Link
Posts: 1899
Doylestown, Pennsylvania, US
It's a fashion statement for those who own them and use them in the arena.
I see cameras, my GAWD, cameras, carried on hips around here all the time- fashion statement (the best of the best). There's a lamborghini- happens once every two weeks- fashion statement.
To OP: It means uncle Fred did good.
Did he dive under the bride when they did the garter toss? Bonus points for the shot posted here.
Posts: 5783
Vineland, New Jersey, US
I know I'm late to this thread, but this is my 2 cents:
As everyone knows, cameras don't take pictures. Photographers take the pictures. Cameras just record the information. Some cameras do a far superior job than others at recording that information but it always comes down to who is pressing the shutter button and what their skill levels are.
For instance, I have zero problem saying I'm still in the beginning stages of development. I shoot with a now old Canon Rebel (it was new when I got it). I like to think I get some great shots and even some good ones but there is a learning curve and I'm still on it.
That said, at the last wedding I went to, 3 things stuck out in my mind. First, the official photographer had a lot of equipment that was far superior to my stuff (he had more than one body set up around the church on tripods for different angles and things). Unfortunately, when they started the people walking down the aisle, he was outside smoking a cigarette so he missed at least a dozen shots that I got as a guest.
Second, the bartender refused to serve me any alcohol (open bar) because they are "not allowed to serve professionals". At the time, I didn't consider myself a professional (I still don't unless I'm trying to sell my services ... in that case, I'm just trying to get paid and not necessarily a lot of money). After a conversation, I convinced the bartender that I am *a* photographer but not *the* photographer. The drink was for someone else, anyway.
Finally, there were other people with SLR cameras and some were as nice or nicer than the one the official photographer used. Those people didn't have seemingly hundreds of lenses with them, nor did they have brackets and other things that make small but important differences.
Being new to the wedding "business", I got some good shots. I got some crappy ones, too. The point, though, is that part of being a pro (my opinion) is having nice equipment when it's necessary. Another part is knowing how to use said equipment to its best advantage. The last part is being able to be in the right place at the right time to capture the "winning" image. Winning, to me, means this is one that will stand out in a person's mind.
As cameras get better and cheaper (more bang for the buck), I think it'll get harder and harder to distinguish oneself, but a pro will always be more reliable than anyone else.
Posts: 416
New York, New York, US
Even if one of those hobbyists happens to be quite talented you will be the one handing them professional prints and album in your style which they chose and hired you for. That is a great advantage. Hopefully, an advantage that will be remembered more than the hobbyist friend's tagged wedding photos on facebook; even if they are good.
Jan 27 13 08:05 pm Link
Posts: 794
Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
I did a wedding with a Zenit when one of the guests had a Canon 1DS.
Jan 28 13 04:49 am Link
Posts: 1803
Fredericksburg, Virginia, US
My view on taking picture at wedding that you're not the official photographer are very simple. Its fine as long as you stay out of the F*#king way and don't draw attention to yourself. The minute you've violated either of these simple rules you need to put your camera away simple as that.
Jan 28 13 06:16 am Link
Posts: 42
Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
This may sound simplistic but I believe it to be true.... anyone can take a picture, with any type of camera, but it takes skill to capture the moment.
Jan 28 13 08:56 am Link
Posts: 182
Buffalo Grove, Illinois, US
@Ted Wen: I have shot nearly 2000 weddings in my career dating back to 1971. I never had a problem with guests shooting over my shoulder, or even copying my setups for groups, etc., as long as no one ever made me wait for them to shoot. I work fast and don't wait for onlookers ever. But one thing you did, crosses the line in the sand for me: triggering the photographer's slaved strobes so you could get some shots using those lights. To me, that is a deal breaker. If I had seen you doing it, I would have told you that one more shot by you using my lights, results in me packing up. I surely would have told the the bride and groom about what you did. My contract plainly states that I am the exclusive photographer along with other caveats. Now I am not so stupid or naive to not know that Uncle Bob and Aunt Betty, plus Jane and John Doe will be shooting with their cameras as well during the event. To those folks, they can't get what I do, even if they get super shots that I can't because I can't be in 5 places at once. But when someone like you deliberately uses my gear without my permission, for whatever purpose you have, there is no justification for it. I would venture to say that most professional photographers I know would react the same way.
Jan 28 13 09:55 am Link
Posts: 69
Los Angeles, California, US
Photosbycj wrote:
I liked this story.
Jan 30 13 05:25 pm Link
Posts: 17382
Billings, Montana, US
Not only that, but its foolish to imagine that we are more creative or have a better eye then the guests.
What we do have, is the ability to deliver what we are contracted for, and we could do that any day of the week. In our sleep, uphill in a snow storm, barefoot on broken glass...
Which is something the guests dont have to worry about.
My guess is that 1/2 the guests can cook better than the caterer too, and probably have a fancy convection oven at home, but may not have the interest to do it every day.
I will let you in on my secret though... shoot into the sun with an AB1600 behind you. Even a D-whatever can't handle that without a PW on it. Behind me, all I hear is "oh... that turned out bad again..."
Jan 30 13 05:50 pm Link
Posts: 1719
Mesa, Arizona, US
Photosbycj wrote:
While gear is important your story illustrates that we are hired for our talent, not our equipment. Uncle Bob is always a possibility. and more and more, can be counted on.
Jan 30 13 10:19 pm Link
Posts: 2702
Orlando, Florida, US
A little off topic but if you shoot weddings and your using optical slaves, your just asking for trouble. I have a feeling quite a few flashes from point and shoots will be going off. Perhaps even from those not even taking a shot over your shoulder. They could taking a fun shot in the back of the church of other family members and guests. And yes, my Wein Ultras will pick up a flash from a pretty good distance. But I never use them at weddings. Only if in a studio or place I know no other flashes will be going off.
The only thing to remember between you and the quest with the better equipment is your getting paid. I hope. So I really don't care what they have. In fact they usually do have a better camera. Yet, here I am with something "not so fancy" and I'm getting paid handsomely using it. Hmm. Guess the camera has nothing to do with it after all. Imagine that.
Hell, just did a portrait for an oncologist and his wife. He was telling me about his fancy 1Ds and his collection of L lenses as he ordered the 20x24 wall portrait from me.
Jan 31 13 04:50 am Link
Posts: 226
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
I was at a wedding in 2006 with my new (at the time) Nikon D200. The wedding photographer came up to me and remarked on my camera telling me how much she wanted one. We chatted for quite a while about equipment.
Jan 31 13 07:35 am Link
Posts: 12
Houma, Louisiana, US
twoharts wrote:
It sounds to me like you just need some more experience shooting weddings. When I shoot a wedding, I let the planner, parents, bride & groom, or whoever else thinks that they're in charge that I am in charge of the pacing. The only aspect I don't control is the actual ceremony, but after the bride is kissed, it's my show. You shared your experience about the garter toss. Well, if you control that situation, you wouldn't have had the wrong lens choice. I also tell them that i know family members like to take pictures themselves and I agree to let that happen but my lighting comes first. If there's excess flash it will affect my photos, and that's not acceptable. I let the different aspects (garter toss, cake cutting, etc.) happen naturally, but before it happens, I'm in position because I'm in control.
Jan 31 13 06:28 pm Link
Posts: 3827
Tucson, Arizona, US
I was best man at a wedding long, long ago. Every male in the wedding party was a photographer. Somehow, the guy with the Rollei survived. And all the Nikons, Leicas and Pentaxes stayed in our cars. (Yeah, Canon didn't make a decent 35mm back then.)
Feb 02 13 09:55 am Link
Stephen J Moss wrote:
Even composition doesn't matter. All that matters is knowing what to shoot.
Feb 02 13 03:45 pm Link
Randy Henderson Images wrote:
That seems reasonable. How often do people do that?
Feb 02 13 04:05 pm Link
Phil Drinkwater wrote:
I don't even think how matters, just what to shoot. And it's what you get from people rather than "the most". I can see the point that that's what "the most" means, but I don't think you necessarily have to influence people, just know what the album should like and then shoot the photos as you recognize them.
Feb 02 13 04:17 pm Link
Posts: 304
New York, New York, US
Randy Henderson Images wrote:
All you'll get are well edited facebook snapshots. I guess thats better than the poorly-edited facebook snapshots I see lots of wedding photographers putting out these days.
Feb 02 13 04:20 pm Link
Posts: 3061
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Kenny Dion wrote:
You may be right about the OP needing more experience...but most of the other stuff is pure fantasy...
Feb 02 13 04:29 pm Link
Posts: 13401
Nashville, Tennessee, US
MC Photo wrote:
Why do guests need to shoot photos? Isn't that why they hired a pro? I think the couple requesting an unplugged wedding is a wise idea.
Feb 02 13 04:31 pm Link
Posts: 182
Buffalo Grove, Illinois, US
@Illuminate: Here in the Chicago area, many larger weddings feature the services of a wedding consultant. These folks have been hired for many thousands of dollars to secure the services of a band, florist, caterers, photographers, invitations, venue, etc. They also run the wedding, by laying out a schedule of all events in sequence. From the photographer standpoint, we shoot following their guidelines. Of course, we have input as to starting times for different events such as preliminary shots of the bride, her entourage and families, same with the groom, formal and photojournalistic portraits and groups, ceremony, and reception events. We shoot posed and candids during the event. But the key is that these highly paid consultants are getting their fees so that the wedding flows exactly the way the bride and groom, plus their families, want the day to go. I have worked with enough of them many times. I do discuss the flow of the wedding with them prior to the job and have input as to the photo end of the events. As a photographer, many times we have to "kiss ass" with these people for 2 main reasons: 1-they can make or break your reputation with the current client and future ones, and 2-you will get referrals that practically guarantee you have the job. Over the years, one thing I learned when doing these kinds of weddings was that you nurture your relationship with these consultants. Probably almost a third of the nearly 2000 weddings I have shot since 1971 have come from consultants. This does not mean I like what they have planned for the day or even like them personally. But I do know that their employers like them enough to pay some of them upwards of $10,000 for the day. So I smile and do whatever is necessary to make them and the bride and groom, plus the families very happy.
Feb 02 13 11:41 pm Link
Posts: 355
Auburn, Alabama, US
Randy Henderson Images wrote:
I do this as well when I shoot weddings, but mine is like this:
Feb 03 13 08:26 am Link
Posts: 22
Florence, South Carolina, US
twoharts wrote:
Simple to remedy...just go get a Hasselblad or Mamiya with digital backs and dare the wannabees to shell out the cash to keep up.
Feb 06 13 10:45 pm Link


text:
Fiber to the Tower Will Help Carriers Handle Stressed Mobile Networks in 2012, According to M/C Partners' Top 10 Communications Trends To Watch List
Increased Usage of Cloud Services and Video Consumption Will Push Mobile Networks to their Brink, According to M/C Partners
BOSTON, MA (November 29, 2011) — Carriers will be putting a huge emphasis on fiber-based services to deal with mobile networks that are being pushed to their limits, according to M/C Partners, which today is releasing its annual list of the top 10 communications, technology and media industry trends to watch in 2012. A dramatic increase in cloud services and video consumption are creating serious challenges for carriers, who will be scrambling to address the issue. Many will use fiber to upgrade cell tower backhaul networks to raise network capacity, according to the private equity firm's list.
M/C Partners compiled the list as part of its ongoing research to understand industry trends and identify investment opportunities in the communications, media, and information technology sectors.
According to M/C Partners, the leading trend in the new year will be carriers' use of fiber to upgrade cell tower backhaul networks to gigabit connections, a staggering increase from the 1-2 megabits carriers provisioned to cell towers only a few years ago.
"As mobile users expect their phones to operate more like PCs and increase their consumption of social and traditional media, mobile networks are being pushed to their absolute limits," said James Wade, Managing General Partner, M/C Partners. "Adoption of cloud services and mobile consumption of video are only in their early stages, but growing very quickly. Networks are struggling to handle it right now. What will happen when demand grows ten-fold, as it likely will? Ubiquitous fiber will be the solution."
Trends on the M/C Partners' list include:
- Fiber to the tower will become the number one priority for network operators struggling to deal with mobile users' insatiable thirst for broadband.
- Enterprise adoption of cloud-based services will drive demand for network-based managed services that will provide critical monitoring and management of application and service performance across LANs, MANs, WANs and the public Internet.
- New technological innovations on the handset and in the network will improve important services like caching, compression and signaling to enhance mobile user experience, battery life and network access.
- Consumerization of the enterprise will expand as end users move from simply driving iPhone and iPad adoption in the enterprise to pushing IT departments to provide more user-friendly and consumer-style applications for information sharing and management.
- Micro-transaction business models will expand from social games into MMOGs, console games and other areas such as video, social networks and communications services providing consumer-directed price discrimination across a range of services.
- HTML 5's simplification of mobile application development will improve app economics, competition and usage by providing a seamless cross-platform experience and backward compatibility to the PC environment without sacrificing performance.
- Consumers will realize the value of managed technology services from OEMs, broadband service providers and independent tech support companies to maximize the utility of their networked devices, as the need for better performance and up-time becomes increasingly valuable to consumers.
- The content rental model will push beyond music and video into print publications with tablets providing an improved consumption medium that content owners will seek to fill with magazines and books.
- Marketing options for small local businesses will expand beyond daily deals into more powerful tools that provide better yield management and integration with traditional local media and direct marketing for improved customer acquisition and lifetime value of customers.
- Cable operators will answer over-the-top threats with apps and more subscription package variety to gain the upper hand in alternative video viewing options for consumers while still preserving the critical distribution and billing relationship.
About M/C Partners
M/C Partners is a private equity firm focused exclusively on the communications, media, and information technology sectors. The firm has invested over $1.5 billion into nearly 100 companies in those sectors. Companies M/C has backed include Cavalier Telephone, Corelink, Fusepoint, GTS Central Europe, ICG Communications, Legendary Pictures, Lightower, MetroPCS, NuVox, Open Mobile, Public Mobile, Seven Networks and Zayo Group. The firm has strong institutional backing from the nation's leading pension funds and endowments as well as a long track record of success. M/C Partners has offices in Boston, San Francisco and London. For more information, visit www.mcpartners.com.
# # #


text:
: Speculation:
Trading Vanek
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Registered User
Join Date: Jan 2010
Location: Rochester, NY
Posts: 2,115
vCash: 500
Originally Posted by
I absolutely think it's better to get value back for Vanek now (while it's high) and then, like you said, seek to find those character players at age 34 when we get there (and they're cheaper than what we'll get for Vanek now). After all, if we don't deal present value out to get futures back, we may never end up in that enviable position to begin with, wherein we just want to find a 35 year old vet to push us over the top.
I think that Vanek will be an effective player for a lot longer than most people think. He takes a beating but very little of his game is based on grinding along the wall or torching the D with speed or moves. He has those things and flashes them sometimes but thats not the core of what he does. He's primarily a hands guy that specializes in deflections, rebounds, and close-range corner-picking. I think unless he has a major wrist injury he will still be a good player until his late 30s.
As exhibited by the Bruins and Kings, the dominant strategy in playoff hockey is (once again) to take away all methods of scoring besides the rebound and the deflection. Seeing as how those are Vanek's specialties, and given my belief that he will still be a good player by the time the rest of the team is ready, I would really prefer to keep him.
I'm not so sure about how high his trade value is right now anyways. People keep tossing him into trade proposals that only move us up a few slots in the draft.
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Here's my world idea...
Mongol Ages
Description: It's the 1200s, and Zombie Mongols are on the rise! Do you have what it takes to crush the enemy?
25 Levels (Garg at level 8)
Brain Buster: Great Walls (Zombies can only be hurt after they advance past the walls, but there is no ceiling to these walls, so they are still vulnerable to certain plants)
Ambush: Trojan Horses! Zombies will come in riding a trojan horse, which deposits them on either of its sides.
Modifier: Power Tiles (Just like the ones in the Chinese level: Kung Fu World.) Endless Zone name: Brutal Barracks
New/Returning Plants:
Avocado-Pult: Lobs Avocados at Zombies that do more damage than Cabbage-pult, but less than Pepper-Pult. Cost: 150 Sun
Vocaloid Snapdragon: MIKU WANTS IN PVZ! Hah heh. Anyway, the shots only travel in front of her, but she does more damage and has as much range as possible. Cost: 150 Sun
Cactus: Needs no introduction. Cost: 125 Sun
Umbrella Leaf: Works just like it would back in PVZ1. Cost: 75 Sun
Cherry Chain: Flings Cherries in a straight path, doing damage to and wrapping around Zombies, slowing them down. Cost: 225 Sun
Oleander: Shoots poisonous clouds at zombies, which stay around for 3 seconds. Cost: 175 Sun
Guardichoke - Functions just like the Pumpkin from PVZ1. Cost: 150 Sun
Spaz-Shroom (Premium Plant, for $2.99) - Reflects projectiles thrown at it back at Zombies. If it reflects a projectile that a Jester threw back, the Jester will not counter (We don't want an infinite loop, now do we?). Cost: 100 Sun
Mongol Zombie
Mongol Conehead
Mongol Buckethead
Mongol Flag Zombie
Edge Zombie: Can throw his blade like a boomerang.
Smoke Signal Zombie: Can summon more Zombies (Unless it is the final wave, and they are either regular, coneheaded or bucketheaded) to the field.
Cannon Zombie: Functions just like the first game's Catapult Zombie.
Commander Zombie: Will come in riding a Zombie Horse at first, and has a one-use sword that will instantly kill a plant. Once it uses this, it behaves like a Buckethead.
Zombie Horse: Commander Zombies come in riding these, but after a few hits, they get super pissed, rear up, drop off the Commander Zombie and proceed forward at an alarming rate.
Mongol Imp
Mongol Gargantuar
Zombot Sapphire Dracodon: Can destroy Power Tiles, and can also aim for specific plants. Other than that, it behaves just as you'd expect. It is actually a walker (like the bosses of the first 4 worlds) with a one-eyed dragon head, and a tail at its rear.
What do you think, and got any other ideas for this concept? Comment below. :)


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The majority of monolingual Americans are often bitterly disappointed when they find that René Magritte's Ceci n'est pas une cheeseburger is not a cheeseburger. Equip your hands with very real edibles with today's Groupon: for $10, you get $20 worth of burgers, fries, sandwiches, shakes, and other American fare at Lucky's Famous Burgers in Chelsea or the Theater District.
Carnivores at the casual eatery can chomp into Lucky's Famous cheddar burger ($6) or the Lucky barbecue bacon cheddar burger ($8)—succulent savories made with freshly ground 100% Premium Gold Angus Beef and Lucky's special seasoning. The Lucky turkey burger ($5) tames health conscious tasters, and the Lucky veggie cheddar ($6) bypasses bovines for a legume-laden round, rife with cheese. Mash down the onslaught of meat with a Lucky's Famous chili cheese dog supreme, with chopped onions, sauerkraut, and relish ($5, add grilled onions, sliced jalapeños, or melted cheddar for $1).
Top off the twister of tasties with a tornado-churned Lucky's Famous chocolate-chip-cookie shake ($5.50), or sip on bottles of Boylan's sodas with flavors such as black cherry and cream soda ($2).
Sixty-three Yelpers give the 23rd Street location a 3.5-star average, and 83 Yelpers give the 52nd Street location a three-star average:
- The service at Lucky's is expedient and friendly, and there is nothing pretentious about this place...just a great fast food joint with good burgers. – Jacob Y., 23rd Street location, 3/27/10
- The service is always pleasant, upbeat and quick and the onion rings and burgers are tasty. Anything made fresh to order is awesome. – Le Chat R., 52nd Street location, 11/27/10


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Rahul Bhat was excited to walk the red carpet as his latest movie 'Ugly' was being screened at th festival. The talented actor, who plays the lead in the film is also the surprise element of the movie.
The film received a standing ovation and Rahul Bhat was appreciated for his performance. A source close to Rahul Bhat says, "Rahul has been on cloud 9 ever since the screening and the subsequent response he got at Cannes."
Says Rahul Bhat, "The feeling has still not sunk in and it still feels like a dream."


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Thunder Group ALSB003 Aluminum Wide Rim Colander 10.4 Qt.
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Conveniently strain excess water from meat, noodles, and pasta using the Thunder Group ALSB003 Aluminum Wide Rim Colander 10.4 Qt. This colander features tapered sides and geometric-shaped perforations for fast drainage and a flat base for free-standing draining. For outstanding durability, this colander is crafted from heavy duty aluminum which will retain its shine and shape even with frequent use.
- Asian Style Colander
- Durable aluminum construction
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- Use to drain and rinse pasta or vegetables
- Dimensions: 15-3/4"D x 4-1/2"H
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- Model #:
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Forensics for Dummies by D.P. LyleMy rating: 5 of 5 starsLyle provides a comprehensive treatment of all areas of forensics in an easy-to-read style and organization. I bought the book because, as a mystery author, I wanted enough information to make my stories authentic … [Read more...]
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Confusion over Govt's water project costs
The ACT independent watchdog is standing by claims of a Government blowout in water infrastructure costs, but concedes there has been confusion over the matter.
The Independent Competition and Regulatory Commission's (ICRC) annual report details a review of the Canberra Integrated Urban Waterways Project in the city's north.
The ICRC says the project started in 2007 with a $3.5 million ACT Government contribution but in June 2012 the budget jumped to $51 million.
ACT Environment Minister Simon Corbell concedes the $7.5 million dollar Waterways Project cost more than expected.
"What is very clear is that in relation to this specific project there has only been a small cost escalation," he said.
The total cost of the project increased by $700,000 but taxpayers paid $4 million more than originally planned because of a lack of private sector funding for the project."
He says the Commission has got its numbers wrong because the ICRC has grouped together several projects.
"It's wrong to claim that a large amount of money has been spent on a single project," he said.
"In fact we've seen money spent on a broad range of projects including money spent on other parts of the ACT Government such as sport and recreation for upgrades to irrigation to a range of playing fields around Canberra."
Senior Commissioner Malcolm Gray concedes some of the projects did not proceed, but insists costs blew out.
"It's still correct to say there was a blowout in the project because the project has cost more than it was initially budgeted to cost," he said.
"The extent of the blowout has has been reduced by the fact that two or three elements of the project have been abandoned and therefore the out turn that we were looking at back in June when all three elements were still live are no longer relevant."
Commissioner Gray says the confusing statements over water infrastructure costs isn't helpful, and he will be contacting the Environment Directorate about it.
"I don't think it's caused any friction between the Commission and the Government," he said.
"I think it's unfortunate that a range of statements have been made which are confusing and I certainly intend to pursue with the Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate ways of improving communication between us so this sort of confusion doesn't occur in the future."
ACT Opposition leader Zed Seselja says it is a massive Labor bungle.
"We've seen it in the Cotter Dam and now we're seeing it with this Waterways Project and in the end it's Canberrans who pay in higher water prices," he said.
"It's time that this Government went because they simply can't manage these projects."
Topics: water, water-management, government-and-politics, local-government, act
First posted


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Lotus Makes Price Cuts On Notes
By GLENN RIFKIN
Published: January 24, 1995
The Lotus Development Corporation yesterday announced a new, cheaper version of its hot-selling Notes groupware product and a price cut for the full version of Notes, in a bid to widen its lead in the growing market for such communications software.
Lotus also announced agreements with I.B.M. and Apple Computer Inc. to ship a scaled-down version of the product called Notes Express with I.B.M.'s new OS/2 Warp operating system and certain Apple Power Macintosh and Powerbook computers. Jim Manzi, Lotus's president and chief executive, said these alliances could lead to millions of new Notes users.
Analysts praised the moves, saying Lotus is doing what it must to take advantage of the lead it has established with Notes.
Lotus, based in Cambridge, Mass., has struggled in recent quarters as sales of application software packages like Lotus 1-2-3 have declined in the face of stiff competition from the Microsoft Corporation. These packages make up nearly 80 percent of Lotus's business.
Lotus had been criticized for not building its communications business faster even as analysts praised Notes, a communications tool for large groups of employees, for its innovative technology. To date, it has faced little competition. Despite sales of Notes to 5,000 companies and 1.35 million users, though, analysts have said that Lotus is losing an opportunity to establish a standard by lowering Notes' price and flooding the market.
Responding to the prodding, Lotus said it had lowered the price of a full-featured Notes package to $275 from $330. And it is now offering a scaled-down version for Notes users who do not develop software applications. This version, called Notes Desktop, will sell for $155 a package for quantities of 50 or more.


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Academy Award winning actress Halle Berry showed off her baby-bump last night at the premiere of her newest movie The Call at the Cine Leblon in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Clad in a body hugging black gown, Berry smiled as she posed for pictures and waved to the throngs of fans and onlookers.
Berry who announced her pregnancy last week, is expecting a child with her fiance, French actor Olivier Martinez. This will be Berry's second child, she has a daughter, Nahla, 5, with ex-boyfriend, Gabriel Aubry.
The Call which co-stars Morris Chestnut, tells the story of of a veteran 911 operator (played by Berry) who receives a call from a girl who has just been abducted, she soon realizes that she must confront a killer from her past in order to save the girls life.
The film, which premiered in the U.S. last month, has brought in over $45,000,000 dollars domestically.


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… if they are clearly doing so to raise awareness or condemn violence. However, we remove any graphic images shared to promote or glorify violence or the perpetrators of violence. Readers: How can Facebook walk the line between censorship and protecting its user base? The illustration above was created by Matthieu Méron for rue89 and taken from the Change.org petition. …


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8mm Film to DVD - 8mm Film To Digital Video - Convert 8mm Film to DVD
We specialize in 8mm film to video conversions. You won't find any company scanning 8mm film at 2K (1556) lines of resolution. So, If you are looking for the best quality 8mm film to DVD service, you've found it. We use the world's best professional motion picture film scanners and Datacine machines for your 8mm film. Our band new 2K 8mm scanner is showing a detail level never seen before on 8mm film. Other labs are ordering our 2K scan for documentaries and other professional projects. With 4K TVs around the corner there is never a better time to get your 8mm film converted to DVD, BluRay or digital video files. Because most 8mm film is over 60 years old, there is only a few years left before they will be too warped or damaged to scan. Now is the time if you want to save those memories.
8mm and Super 8 Film Services
Number the boxes, cans or reels in the best order you can from 1 to X and we'll follow that order
SD Scan produces video 50-60% less quality than the film.
DVD, Blu-Ray - Good for TV viewing, not for editing
Estimate costs or order online here
Ship film and order form. We recommend Fedex 3-day air.
You can share your videos online if you choose the Online Vault Service
As easy as converting 8mm film to video seems, it is not. There are many factors that make it difficult to achieve a good quality conversion from 8mm film to digital video. First, there is the resolution of the film. 8mm film has between 800 to 1000 lines of resolution. So, your 8mm film must be scanned at 1080 lines at a minimum to get 100% of the 8mm film resolution. Second, the device or sensor being used will also determine the overall quality of the 8mm scan. The better the sensor, the better the scan quality. Third, the ability to restore either original film recording issues or issues from degradation over the decades will also contribute to the overall 8mm film to DVD quality. Lastly, the format you put the conversion on will contribute to the overall quality of the 8mm film to video conversion.
The best 8mm film scanning machines start around $75,000 and go up to $150,000. If you want the best 8mm film to DVD transfer, you need to have your film scanned by a motion picture film scanner to Datacine machine. Having your 8mm film scanned by anything less is like duplicating a photograph by video taping the photo and taking a frame out as a picture. You will only get about 40-50% of the quality that way. That's why we discourage anyone from using a real-time or frame by frame machine to convert their 8mm film to DVD or other digital video formats. The datacine machine have the best sensors and will get the best reproduction from your film. So, this is what we suggest.
With the average age of 8mm film being 60 years you have to consider restoration. Restoration can fix both original recording issues and degradation issues. For example, if the film was shot under or over exposed, an experienced 8mm film to DVD technician can improve but may not be able to fix this type of problem. Most color shifting from degradation can be fixed or improved. Color shifting is a normal aging process. Most 8mm film will color shift blue.
Lastly, format. If you choose to get your 8mm film scanned at 1080 or 1556 lines you should get back at least 1 1080p format. You wouldn't want to order just a DVD which is 480 lines. We offer many different formats for you 8mm film to video transfer. We can convert your 8mm film to DVD, AVI files, Blu-Ray, HD-AVI, ProRes 422 and DPX.
*Quality of film to DVD (8mm film to DVD, super 8 film to DVD) transfer and restoration is dependent upon condition of existing film stock; severely deteriorated original materials may be beyond the reach of even the most sophisticated restoration methods. To learn more, see our 8mm and Super 8 Pro Hollywood Restoration.


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From how far away? 8 feet? 5 feet? When I go out, girls automatically dismiss me from a distance, as in "I'm not going to look at him" but if they would look up close, they'd see how outrageously sexy I am.
From a distance do girls usually judge a guy based on his body rather than his face?
Most Helpful Girl
Overall girls try not to look desperate by staring at guys. So, the "I'm not going to look at him" is the trained response of all girls to avoid looking desperate.
If you really think a girl is interesting, you should go up to her and start a conversation and see what happens. Girls need to be able to judge your confidence anyways, so just seeing how you look for a distance isn't going to help them much. I mean, do you think if they could see that you were attractive from a distance they would just flock over to you and start making the moves?10|10|1


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Letter from the Veep: The New Home Care and Hospice Conference Was Designed By You, For You!
New CMS Data Contains Wealth of Hospice Information
OIG to Revisit Potential Duplicate Medication Payments through Hospice/Part D
CMS Makes Big Changes to Three Payment Models
NAHC Board Announces Strategic Planning
Help Build the New NAHC – Send Us Your Nominations for the Board of Directors
Hospice Quality Updates – Deadline Tomorrow!
In the various roles he has undertaken through the years, Val J. Halamandaris has been a singular driving force behind the policy and program initiatives resulting in the recognition of home health care as a viable alternative to institutionalization. His dedication to consumer advocacy, which enhances the quality of life and dignity of those receiving home health care, merits VNA HealthCare Group's highest recognition and deepest respect.
- VNA HealthCare Group
I have the highest respect for them, especially for the nurses, aides and therapists, who devote their lives to caring for people with disabilities, the infirm and dying Americans. There are few more noble professions.
- President Barack Obama
Home health care agencies do such a wonderful job in this country helping people to be able to remain at home and allowing them to receive services
- U.S. Senator Debbie Stabenow (D-MI) Chair, Democratic Steering and Outreach Committee
Home care is a combination of compassion and efficiency. It is less expensive than institutional care...but at the same time it is a more caring, human, intimate experience, and therefore it has a greater human element...it's a big mistake not to try to maximize it and find ways to give people the home care option over either nursing homes, hospitals or other institutions
- Former Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives Newt Gingrich (R-GA)
Medicaid covers long-term care, but only for low-income families. And Medicare only pays for care that is connected to a hospital discharge....our health care system must cover these vital services...[and] we should promote home-based care, which most people prefer, instead of the institutional care that we emphasize now.
- Former U.S. Senator Majority Leader Tom Daschle (D-CD)
We need incentives to...keep people in home health care settings...It's dramatically less expensive than long term care.
- U.S. Senator John McCain (R-AZ)
Home care is clearly the wave of the future. It's clearly where patients want to be cared for. I come from an ethnic family and when a member of our family is severely ill, we would never consider taking them to get institutional care. That's true of many families for both cultural and financial reasons. If patients have a choice of where they want to be cared for, where it's done the right way, they choose home.
- Donna Shalala, former Secretary of Health and Human Services
A couple of years ago, I spent a little bit of time with the National Association for Home Care & Hospice and its president, Val J. Halamandaris, and I was just blown away. What impressed me so much was that they talked about what they do as opposed to just the strategies of how to deal with Washington or Sacramento or Albany or whatever the case may be. Val is a fanatic about care, and it comes through in every way known to mankind. It comes through in the speakers he invites to their events; it comes through in all the stuff he shares.
- Tom Peters, author of In Search of Excellence
Val's home care organization brings thousands of caregivers together into a dynamic organization that provides them with valuable resources and tools to be even better in their important work. He helps them build self-esteem, which leads to self-motivation.
- Mike Vance, former Dean of Disney and author of Think Out of the Box
Val is one of the greatest advocates for seniors in America. He goes beyond the call of duty every time.
- Arthur S. Flemming, former Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare
Val has brought the problems, the challenges, and the opportunities out in the open for everyone to look at. He is a visionary pointing the direction for us.
- Margaret (Peg) Cushman, Professor of Nursing and former President of the Visiting Nurses Association
Although Val has chosen to stay in the background, he deserves much of the credit for what was accomplished both at the U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging, where he was closely associated with me and at the House Select Committee on Aging, where he was Congressman Claude Pepper's senior counsel and closest advisor. He put together more hearings on the subject of aging, wrote more reports, drafted more bills, and had more influence on the direction of events than anyone before him or since.
- Frank E. Moss, former U.S. Senator
Val's most important contribution is pulling together all elements of home health care and being able to organize and energize the people involved in the industry.
Anyone working on health care issues in Congress knows the name Val J. Halamandaris.
- Kathleen Gardner Cravedi, former Staff Director of the House Select Committee on Aging
Without your untiring support and active participation, the voices of people advocating meaningful and compassionate health care reform may not have been heard by national leaders.
- Michael Sullivan, Former Executive Director, Indiana Association for Home Care
All of us have been members of many organizations and NAHC is simply the best there is. NAHC aspires to excellence in every respect; its staff has been repeatedly honored as the best in Washington; the organization lives by the highest values and has demonstrated a passionate interest in the well-being of patients and providers.
- Elaine Stephens, Director of Home Care of Steward Home Care/Steward Health Systems and former NAHC C
Home care increasingly is one of the basic building blocks in the developing system of long-term care. On both economic and recuperative bases, home health care will continue to grow as an essential service for individuals, for families and for the community as a whole.
- Former U.S. Senator Olympia Snowe (R-ME)
NCOA is excited to be part of this great event and honored to have such influential award winners in the field of aging.
- National Council of Aging
Health care at home…is something we need more of, not less of. Let us make a commitment to preventive and long-term care. Let us encourage home care as an alternative to nursing homes and give folks a little help to have their parents there.
- Former President Bill Clinton
On Thursday, February 11, the U.S. Senate Finance Committee held a hearing on the President's budget proposal for the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and received testimony from HHS Secretary Sylvia Mathews Burwell. During the hearing, Ranking Minority Member Ron Wyden (D-OR) and Senator Mark Warner (D-VA) emphasized the importance of the Care Planning Act (S. 1549) and end of life issues.
Last year, on June 10, 2015, Senator Warner along with Senator Johnny Isakson (R-GA) introduced a revised version of the Care Planning Act (see previous NAHC Report article here). First introduced in August 2013, the legislation was designed to give individuals with serious illness the tools with which to make more informed choices about their care and the power to have those choices honored.
Senator Warner discussed the need for the legislation at the hearing, adding that he and Senator Isakson have continued to receive broad bipartisan support. The cosponsors of the bill are equally represented by Republicans and Democrats, with three from each party. In addition to Senators Warner and Isakson, the cosponsors include Senators Tammy Baldwin (D-WI), Shelley Moore Capito (R-WV), Susan M. Collins (R-ME), and Amy Klobuchar (D-MN).
"There's not a member of the Senate that I have talked to that doesn't have a personal story," Senator Warner said. He spoke of his own experience with his mother who had Alzheimer's for 11 years. Even as a "relatively well-informed citizen," he said, his family did not have the conversations early on about care planning.
"This is an issue where the American people are candidly ahead of their elected officials," Senator Warner said. "We still remain the only industrial nation in the world that hasn't had this kind of adult conversation about care planning; about trying to make sure that issues around end of life are dealt with respectfully. But also recognize this is not about limiting choices but it's about expanding choices."
Senator Warner added that he was pleased that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) activated new codes to allow payment for advanced care planning discussions (see previous NAHC Report article here). "I was pleased to see that CMS introduced a payment form for physicians to have those kinds of conversations about advanced directives and POLSTs and the other legal entities that come out of those conversations. Those conversations should include family members, loved ones, and religious advisors." Senator Warner said he is continuing to work with CMS "to make sure that these types of advanced directives can actually travel across state lines" so that the documentation is "built into your EMR."
Secretary Burwell responded by saying that the leadership of Senator Warner, Senator Isakson and others has "helped create the space where we could go forward and make the changes that we have made in terms of the paying. We think that's an incredibly important first step, but we know it is a first step and now the question is, how do you implement this so this is useful to the people and meets the goals and objectives that I know we share."
Senator Wyden voiced his support for Warner's efforts. "Senator Warner who along with Senator Isakson have really been in the vanguard of laying out some new policies to expand choices for end of life care," he said. "What Senator Warner is talking about is—the centerpiece of end of life care should be about empowering patients and their families. And it is high time… Medicare Care Choices starts us down the path, but Senator Warner is absolutely right about several of the next steps, and I'm with you."
NAHC has created a Legislative Action Center campaign that allows individuals the ability to urge their Senators to join Senators Warner and Isakson as cosponsors of the Care Planning Act. Please contact your Senators to cosponsor the Care Planning Act by clicking here.
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