text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 6, 2006
|Filing date
|Dec 11, 2001
|Priority date
|Dec 11, 2001
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Harold J. Weber
|Original Assignee
|Savvy Stuff Property Trust
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (13), Non-Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (25), Classifications (14), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
My invention pertains to the general field of portable remote controllers and in particular to a class of hand-held wireless remote controllers commonly used to change tuning and function controls associated with entertainment equipment. My invention more particularly relates to the remote control of television channel selection on any of a variety of remotely controlled devices, including a televisor, cable-box converter, satellite receiver, VCR-machine, DVD-machine and similar apparatus. Most particularly it relates a capability for urging channel changes in a television receiver's program selection through a manual entry of the program provider's acronym, such as: HBO for Home Box Office and CBS for Columbia Broadcasting System or a stations call letters such as WPRI instead of real or virtual channel numbers.
Commercial television program content and other entertainment information is commonly distributed by coaxial or fiberoptical "cables" to residential customers. Cable programming signals are ordinarily run through a "cable box" or cable converter (viz, "set-top box") which provides the "channel selection" capability, usually outputting the selected program signal on a lower channel such as channel 3 or else channel 4. Alternatively, the set-top box may deliver audio and video signals directly to "A/V Input" or "S-Video" input connections provided on a majority of contemporary TV-sets and monitors. Incoming cable program signals may also be inputted directly into a category of "cable ready" television sets (TV-sets) and similar equipment, albeit without benefit of the usual cable box amenities such as a capability for receiving and descrambling premium programs, pay-per-view movies, etc.
Numerous satellite systems also provide microwave wireless signals that may be picked up by an individual receiving dish antenna hooked to a customer's television set through an intermediate "satellite receiver". Satellite television program distribution, such as DirecTV™ or EchoStar™ is widely used in less-densely populated areas and elsewhere it is directly competitive with the cable distribution systems. Satellite services may also offer "over-the-air" originated "local" or regional channel programming which was originally broadcast on a Federal Communications Commission (FCC) assigned "over-the-air" channel, typically including the network affiliated stations of ABC, CBS, FOX, NBC and PBS.
Commercial and public television programs are also directly broadcast "over-the-air" in most regions of nearly all industrialized nations. In the United States, for example, several commonly broadcast commercial networks include ABC, CBS, NBC and FOX as well as public PBS television stations. A particular program may be broadcast throughout the United States on the same network, for example "The Tonight Show" appears nightly on NBC while "Nightline" appears regularly on ABC. The NBC show is broadcast on many different channels in different cities: for example, NBC is WHDH Channel 7 in Boston, Mass. whilst it separately albeit concurrently broadcast as WJAR Channel 10 in Providence, R.I. and as WNBC in metropolitan New York City on Channel 4. Similarly, ABC programming appears as WCVB Channel 5 in Boston, Mass.; as WLNE Channel 6 in Providence, R.I. and as WABC Channel 7 in the New York city area. In other words, knowing the local channel number gives no clue as to the network and conversely, knowing the network acronym gives no clue as to the local channel number.
Remotely Controlled Channel Selection
Remote control of televisors and similar equipment is ordinarily obtained through the use of a portable and usually hand-held remote controller. Popular usage of remote controls for TV channel selection is a relatively recent phenomenon, having been first introduced in the 1950s by then Zenith Radio Corp. under the name Space Command™ but not having achieved widespread acceptance until the early 1980s.
Prior Art Offerings
Two principal types of remote controllers are currently popular. One is a dedicated "OEM" original equipment remote, generally supplied by the maker of a television set, cable box, VCR-machine or similar device. A typical OEM remote controller is exclusively programmed to work solely with a unique encoding scheme characteristic of a particular maker's equipment.
A second type of controller is an intentionally more versatile "universal remote". Universal remotes are commonly sold as an after-market item and ordinarily capable of being re-programmed, e.g. "set-up", by the user to select between and work with the various encoding schemes (command encryption patterns) unique to any of several different makes, models and types of entertainment devices. Most commonly, the universal class of remote controller is designed to select between and operate a "TV" set, a "VCR" machine and a "CBL" (cable box) set-top converter. Sometimes this provision includes a "SAT" (satellite receiver), a "DVD" (digital video disc) machine selection or an "audio receiver".
Additional variations include a combination where the remote control encoding is supplied to be initially pre-programmed for a particular OEM's products, e.g., TV-set, VCR-machine, etc., but where the pre-programming may be readily overridden to adapt one or more selected device functions to cooperate with another maker's equipment.
More generally, remote controllers subject to this invention's novel teachings may generically include any category of electronic signal receptor using "channel numbers" for tuning determination. For one recent example, home theater systems may include a "television video receiver" separate from the display and sound portions of the equipment combination. Such a "component" receiver benefits from this invention's teachings just as surely as a conventional television set.
Several makers dominate the aftermarket business, most notably including Universal Electronics, Inc.; Thompson Electronics; Philips, Sanyo Corp. and Recoton Corp. Some of these and other makers furthermore market themselves under a variety of "private labels", including Archer, Jensen, RCA, Sanyo, Zenith, Radio Shack, Magnavox, GE, Sony and so forth. Additionally, there is a burgeoning plethora of "far East" and other off-shore makers who manufacture, import and sell "universal" remote controls of all types, including "learning" remotes and field-reprogrammable remotes in many clever configurations. More notably is the finding that a majority of remote controllers sold in the American marketplace are, in fact imported from off-shore sources.
As a result the various maker's conceptual similarity, a widespread tendency prevails for a maker to "knock-off" or copy another maker's remote-controller's technical and functional design. The casual user (e.g., the end-market consumer) quickly finds that as a result of this cribbed emulation, the operational characteristics and resulting performance of most common replacement universal type remote controls is about the same and similarly limited. It is well known or quickly realized through experience that "most" remote controllers "work alike" although a great diversity in their functional details may include numbers of equipment support functions serviced, cosmetic appearance and similar details. For the most part, these mere variations in button placement and labeling tend to make convenience of operation more difficult for the neophyte user of a new piece of equipment, or a different brand or even a different model of remote controller.
Contemporaneous remote controllers may include a "memory" which is ordinarily provided to allow a user to quickly return to frequently visited channels, to jump-back to a last-visited channel or merely automatically tune a favorite channel. A multi-device remote control having memory provision and including cosmetic diversity is typified by a "Millennium™ 4" (model URC-4M made by Universal Electronics Inc., Cypress, Calif. 90630) and a similar Philips-Magnavox "Universal Remote" (model REM250, Clifton, N.J. 07014-1115) either of which is intended to work with four distinctly different remotely controlled devices: a TV-set, cable box, VCR-machine and an auxiliary device.
Another remote controller variation is a Sanyo™ model RMT-U100 which is intended to guide the operation of three devices: a TV-set, cable box and VCR-machine. Yet another more elaborate remote controller made by Universal Electronics, Inc. is represented as a "state-of-the-art remote" and promoted as the "Catalyst™ 48" model URC-4800 series that may enable a user to remotely control up to eight dissimilar devices, such as a TV-set, VCR-machine, cable box, satellite receiver, CD-player, video camera and home theater equipment such as amplifiers, tuners and other auxiliary equipment. A common thread limiting every one of these prior art remote controls, until now, is the necessity for the user to absolutely know the correct channel number for any program provider's service which the user wishes to visit. For example, if Home Box Office (HBO) is showing a movie the user must know the channel number which HBO is available on, for example "channel 60" is valid in at least one AT&T-Broadband™ service area. Without advance knowledge of the correct channel number, the viewer has no "quick and simple" way of gaining HBO access aside from happen-chance surfing through dozens if not hundreds of available channels.
Program Provider Acronym and Channel Number
For purpose of this immediate discussion a program provider's acronym is generally the initials of a program network or service, such as ABC for American Broadcasting Company, NBC for National Broadcasting Company; TLC for The Learning Channel; and CNN for Cable Network News. In the ordinary usage of the cable box or TV-set, a viewer in a particular Eastern Massachusetts region serviced by AT&T-Broadband™ ordinarily tunes to channel 5 for ABC, channel 38 for TLC and channel 42 for CNN. Obviously this assumes (or requires) that the viewer "knows" CNN is channel 42, for example.
To find what acronymic provider matches with a channel number, viewers ordinarily must resort to various conversion charts, newspaper listings and publications such as the TV-Guide™ magazine. These are complicated, time-wasting and expensive solutions, considering that TV-Guide™ magazine presently costs about two dollars a week.
Conversion charts may be (and usually are) provided by cable companies as a supplement to their service. These charts and other publications such as newspaper inserts are confusingly difficult to read. Furthermore, the listings often given in widely distributed publications (such as newspaper inserts, TV-Guide™ magazine, etc.) are generalized to service a wide area and therefore may merely show the provider's acronym such as "HBO", but not necessarily the local TV station channel number which may be "channel 60" in one area and "channel something else" in another even nearby area. It is well known that aside from HBO, many other cable-exclusive programs such as provided by the DiSney channel, the HISTory channel and others have unique or virtual channel numbers assigned differently in different areas by their cable system providers, such as AT&T Broadband™, Adelphia™, Cablevision™, MediaOne™, TimeWarner™, TCI™ and so forth. For example, in the metropolitan New York City area there are about 27 different cable purveyors, each with their own proprietary arrangement of channel assignments.
Confusing Usage of Network Acronyms
A common thread running through these various cable and satellite based signal distribution system configurations is finding that a network acronym may be related to a real channel numbers assigned to an "over the air" TV-station by the FCC, or a virtual channel number which may be uniquely assigned by a cable system or satellite service provider in any particular region. As a result of these inconsistencies in channel numbering, a residential customer may be seeking a network program (such as originated by a FOX Network affiliate television station) and resorts to a guide listing to find that the FOX Network program is broadcast over-the-air on channel 25 in his area (for example, Boston, Mass. area). However, the viewer soon realizes that merely tuning his set-top box to channel 25 on the mentioned AT&T-Broadband™ cable system may deliver a completely unexpected network, such as "Nickelodeon™" programming, and not the desired FOX network program. This occurs because cable systems, such as AT&T-Broadband™, and most others, routinely shift many over-the-air channel numbers to another virtual channel numbers. In this example of the FOX Network broadcast on channel 25 the provider has shifted it to the provider's virtual channel 13 at the viewer's TV-set location. As a result, an absolute channel command of 13 must be submitted to the TV-set's tuner.
It is soon realized that the only constant is the FOX network acronym. The acronym's meaning remains the same throughout the nation. A particularly high-profile example of this kind of channel assignment confusion surrounded an Aug. 26, 2001 "Madonna Concert" which was widely promoted as being viewable on Time-Warner Entertainment's Home Box Office (HBO) network. HBO is not an over-the-air program provider. It is exclusively delivered by satellite connection to each regional HBO cable service provider, such as AT&T-Broadband™ or Adelphia™ for localized distribution. As a result, each individual region or area of the nation experiences a diverse number of different channel number associated with the HBO channel scheduled for carrying the concert. An expensive promotion was done nationwide in the context of viewing it on HBO, since the promoters realize that the HBO acronym is of universal meaning while channel numbers are locally specific. This is most specifically illustrated by a publication "HBO GUIDE", which for October 2001 promoted Tom Hanks and Steven Spielberg's miniseries "Band of Brothers" using only the acronym HBO. Acronymical promotion is presently found on the network's promotional internet website http://www.hbo.com on a regular basis.
Tuning to the proper channel known to carry HBO programming in any specific area has traditionally been left up to the ingenuity of the viewer. The viewer had to find which channel locally carried the HBO program content, as for example Channel 60 in a particular AT&T-Broadband™ service area and Channel 28 in an nearby Adelphia™ service area. Usually this required resorting to a local channel conversion chart, or else a listing in a local newspaper or other source.
Acronym Entry Reduces Confusion
This invention offers to alleviate confusion by rendering a virtual or a real channel number selection solely based upon direct acronym entry into the remote controller's keypad. The entered acronym is processed and delivers a corresponding channel number command to the remotely controlled televisor.
When an over-the-air channel number or a local cable channel number is known, it makes common sense to use it as the channel selection entry. On the other hand, when only the network's name or acronym is known (such as "HBO", or "NBC"), the acronym alone may be used to automatically establish channel selection.
Quick Convenience in Changing Programs
Prior to this invention, a viewer traditionally must "look up" the exampled HBO or NBC listing in a local television channel guide and correlate the acronymical listing with whatever channel it is delivered on in the viewer's regional area. This is a major time-consuming nuisance and a drawback with network "logo" promotions. Sometimes the delay in looking up the corresponding channel number causes the viewer to miss an all-important opening sequence or happening typical of a dramatic program or sports event.
Submit Acronym Through a Shared Keypad
Taking a program content provider's or a network's popular logo or acronym, such as HBO, NBC, CNN, etc. and urging the acronym into an alpha-numerical keypad arrangement is a fundamental offering of my novel remote controller invention. The keypad entries are automatically converted into locally recognizable channel numbers which are sent to a remotely controlled TV-set or cable box as a wireless command to urge changes to appropriate channel number selections corresponding with the acronymical entries.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the acronym is entered letter-by-letter into matching decimal keybuttons which are dually assigned alphabetical character values. An example of such assignment is obtained in a keypad layout similar to a common Touchtone™ telephone keypad, where eight of the ten decimal keybuttons have alphabetical parallels. The usual arrangement includes:
noting that in borrowing assignments from the usual telephone application, the letters Q and Z are missing.
Recognizing this lacking leads to the co-assignment of the 0 or the 1 keybutton to include the Q and Z characters. As a result, the entry of station call letters such as WBZ or network acronyms such as STARZ and QVC become practical. For example, if 0 is co-assigned where it becomes (0,Q,Z) then entry of the acronym results in an equivalent copula value of (STARZ=78270) and (QVC=082).
Following this lead, when the viewer enters HBO for example, the intermediate decimal entry 426 is delivered by the keypad to the controllers processor circuitry. The intermediate value 426 may serve as an address for a lookup table in a memory, where the addressed location may have been preset to the local channel number, such as channel 60 for example. Therefore an absolute channel 60 command is sent to the remotely controlled television receiver.
Flexible Set-Up
A large number of various combinations of acronym and channel number combinations are known to be in use throughout the United States (and elsewhere). Therefore a "one size fits all" approach is impractical, insofar as converting acronym entries into channel number digits is concerned. This teaching shows that any one, or else a combination, of several "presetting" approaches may serve the end-user's need for flexibility and economical usability.
Captive System's Remote Controllers
Cable system operators frequently provide set-top boxes ("cable converters") to their subscribers and these offerings usually include a remote controller. Sometimes a remote controller is made available as an accessory from the cable company for a nominal rental fee. A cable system provider such as AT&T-Broadband™ maintains records of it's network related channel number assignments in any particular service area. It is therefore reasonable for the remote controller provided by the cable system operator to be suitably preprogrammed to provide the necessitous conversion between entry of a three letter acronym such as "CNN" and automatically associating the entry with a channel 42 assignment, for example.
In this practicable form of my invention, the remote controller is particularly encoded to determine and send a preset channel number as a command to the remotely controlled cable box. The commanded channel number corresponds with the user's acronymic entry.
A remote controller used in this environment may readily be pre-programmed by the supplier since the service area assignments of channel numbers as related to network acronyms is defined by the supplier. The conversion data is manageable as non-volatile data stored in a ROM (PROM), or alterable data stored in a "Flash Memory", EEPROM or other normally non-volatile albeit reprogrammable memory provision.
Cable system operators do, on occasion, make changes in a few of their cable number and network associations. Cable system operators also add, delete and otherwise modify the organizational placement of program content providers. Therefore, I expect that an occasional "upgrade" or reprogramming of the memory data is desirable. This upgrade may be managed by modular exchange of the ROM, downloading into a PROM by connection with a computer signal bus, similarly downloaded through a modem from an internet (or provider's) site, or else accomplished by a manual reprogramming which may be occasionally carried out by the user.
Universal "After-Mareket" Remote Controllers
A universal remote controller is, by design intent, provided to be setup by the user to work with any combination of a large variety of different remotely controlled equipments. This reflects that the remote controller can be re-coded by a user to work with nearly any combination of equipment the user might choose to assemble.
Managing acronymical entries may be a manual re-programming of one or more alphabetical acronyms into virtual channel numbers. In other words, the conversional entries may be limited to a few of the most frequently used acronyms, or to as many as might be available. Resetting the acronymical conversion data in the memory may also be obtained by a unique sequence of keypad entries, download from a computer disk or transfer from an internet site.
Original Equipment Remote Controllers
An original equipment (OEM) remote controller typically provided by the maker of a TV-set, cable box or VCR-machine is usually dedicated primarily to the operation of the supplier's equipment brand-line. Some contemporaneous OEM remote controllers do include a universality feature, permitting their reprogramming of at least the secondary functions to work with at least a limited variety of accessory devices. This invention anticipates that when the maker intends, the remote controller may be reprogrammable in a manner similar to that discussed relative with the universal remote controllers.
This invention has a foremost goal to simplify a user's television viewing experience, particularly when it comes to finding, selecting and changing program choices. Ordinarily, programs are defined by "channels", or bands of frequencies utilized to carry the video and sound components of what is commonly known as a "television picture". In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission long ago authorized designation of thirteen VHF television channels. But issued assignments were limited to 12 channels, long known as channels 2 through 13. Years later, an additional 68 channels 14 through 82, and known as the "UHF channels", were added. More recently, cable distribution systems and satellite television systems have added many new, non-standard or virtual channels. For example, the channels 14 through 82 on a cable network generally do not correspond with the same frequency assignments given to over-the-air broadcasts.
The central goal for simplifying a user's ability to find and change channels is attained by permitting the user to merely enter the acronym for a desired program provider. This acronym may include popular over-the-air broadcast network acronyms, such as CBS for Columbia Broadcasting System. The acronym may also indicate a "cable network" such as Home Box Office HBO. A variation on the acronym concept may also allow the invention to accept the "call letters" of a TV station, such as WNAC (Boston, Mass.). Entering any of these acronymical combinations into the invention's device is normally accomplished by way of a number of alphabetically co-designated decimal keybuttons arranged on a keypad. The result of submitting the alphabetical acronym characters into the shared decimal keybuttons of the keypad is a development of an intermediate mesne value usually yielded by the keypad as a decimal number, such as 227 for the CBS acronym or 9622 for the station WNAC call-letters.
Quite transparent to the user of the invention is a logical adaptation of the intermediate decimal number into a valid channel selection number having either a real or virtual value. In one example, the goal is to utilize the intermediate decimal number, or mesne value, as address data to reach a channel number value preset in the storage cells of a memory device. The addressed channel number value is subsequently read-out of the addressed memory cell and wirelessly sent to the remotely controlled tuning device.
A further goal is to allow the user to establish a reading of an entry as being an acronym. To achieve this, the acronymical entries may be preceded by a mode definer keybutton actuation, indicating that an acronym is forthcoming. Otherwise, the acronym may be first entered, concluded with the function keybutton entry designating the precedent entry to be an acronym. Additionally, the acronymical entry may be bracketed between an opening and closing function keybutton entry.
More generally, the invention's goal is to discuss the manual entry of a mix of acronyms, real channel numbers and virtual channel numbers. The invention adapts these various inputs into decimal-based channel selection numbers which are subsequently sent by a wireless link to a television signal tuner to establish channel selection tuning.
A television viewer is provided with a convenient, portable and usually hand-held remote controller which accepts alpha-numerical entries. These entries may represent channel numbers and network acronyms, enabling a quick changing of a television signal receiver's tuning. As a result, program content is changed to coincide with the user's wishes.
Real and Virtual Channel Selection
For further understanding of this invention it is necessary to realize that a "REAL" channel number references an "over-the-air broadcast" channel number assigned in the USA by the FCC. A particular example is that of a real VHF Channel 4 assignment to a CBS station WBZ-TV in Boston, Mass. Similarly, it is known that a real VHF Channel 12 is assigned to WPRI-TV, an equivalent-content CBS affiliate station in Providence, R.I., while in metropolitan New York city the CBS affiliate station WCBS appears on Channel 2.
Another real channel number example is a UHF Channel 56 which is presently assigned to WLVI in Boston, Mass. When WLVI real channel 56 is sought on a representative AT&T-Broadband™ cable network, the user instead will find that the over-the-air real Channel 56 is shifted to a virtual channel 11 on the usual cable converter box or "cable ready" televisor setting. To confuse this issue further, in a nearby area serviced by the Adelphia™ cable system, the same real Channel 56 is instead shifted to virtual channel 08.
Still more confusion abounds when the FOX-TV station WFXT in Boston is shown moved from real Channel 25 to a virtual Channel 13 on the mentioned AT&T-Broadband™ cable network and a virtual Channel 22 on the Adelphia™ cable system. This means that the viewer must tune the cable box to the virtual channel 13 (or else the virtual channel 22) in order to receive the FOX station WFXT that broadcasts over-the-air on the real Channel 25.
A more problematic issue arises if the cable box is in fact tuned to channel 25. Instead of receiving the FOX station WFXT, the viewer will receive an unrelated channel and presently a Nickelodeon™ cable channel in the Barnstable, Mass. area and a Showtime™ movie channel in the Falmouth, Mass. area.
Practicable Incarnation
A remote controller having no additional keypad complexity and yet exhibiting the ability to satisfy several particular objectives of this invention may be taught to variously include these functions:
For purpose of my defining invention a "user" may be inherently singular or plural and generically describes one or more individual persons utilizing a television receiver, satellite receiver, cable box, VCR-machine or similar device for the purpose of tuning to a publicly available "channel" either broadcast "over-the-air", by satellite link or distributed through a cable system. Sometimes a user may be referred to as an viewer or subscriber and therefore the user shall be considered to include to any person designated as the operator of a remote control device used in conjunction with a TV-set, VCR machine, cable box, satellite receiver, "home theater" system or similar apparatus. The terms person, viewer, operator, user and subscriber are also intentionally gender neutral.
Definitions Terminology
For purpose of this description the following terms are defined:
It is these stated objectives and further methods and technical approaches which will be revealed to the knowledgeable artisan that serve to achieve the fundamental goals of my invention. These goals include an ability to enter acronymical or original channel number selection values into a keypad and obtain corresponding virtual channel number selection results by the remotely controlled apparatus. Furthermore, I show absolute operational independence between the obtained virtual channel number selection results while using a shared keypad as a common selection portal into which acronymical or numerical entries may be urged.
An extended capability for converting real channel number entries into virtual channel number commands is an adjunctive feature associated with the central capability for variously converting content provider acronyms into either presetable real or presetable virtual channel numbers.
A major advance taught by this invention is that any one of the real channel number, the virtual channel number and the acronymical representation of a network provider may be entered by the user using the same set of keypad buttons as taught by this invention. A principal advantage of this capability is to share the same array of ten keys commonly used to enter real channel number integers to also be usable to enter the integer values representing virtual channel numbers and the alphabetical characters depicting the network acronym. The result is an insignificant increase in keypad complexity over that of the prior art.
In a practicable expression of my invention, either one of the acronymical and the numerical value based keypad entry provision may be accomplished utilizing as few as one additional keybutton. The further goal is to allow entry of the elemental characters which compose an acronymical entry and which represent numerical entries to be submitted through the same shared decimal-based keybutton array. The same integer keys are shared on a common "10-button" decimal keypad arrangement to admit acronymical or numerical entries to establish channel number selections. In one preferred arrangement, the shared keys are given the following weights:
My invention further instructs that the keypad entry provision may be variously configured beyond that of the common 10-key decimal keypad. The allowed configuration may depend upon the objectives of the maker and demands of the market to include additional keys, including a separate key assignment for each alphabetical character representative of any potential combination of acronymical entries a user might seek. It may also be configured to include an extra key for the alphabetical letters Q and Z ordinarily left-out of the typical Touchtone™ keypad layout.
The overall obvious goal underlying this invention is to enable a user to change channel selection tuning of a remotely controlled television signal receiver to a correct channel setting through the various entry of real channel number integers, virtual channel number integers and alphabetical characters representing a television program content provider's acronym, while maintaining a keypad layout including a minimal number of keybuttons.
My invention is depicted on 14 sheets of drawings including 13 Figures:
FIG. 1—Layout of a hand-held remote controller including keybuttons for introducing acronymical or virtual values, with processing of the data shown by various block functions to deliver a wireless channel command signal to a remotely controlled receiver.
FIG. 2—A procedural block diagram of the invention's improvement in relation to prior art.
FIG. 3—Chart showing relationship between popular Acronyms and equivalent copula values discussed by this invention.
FIG. 4—A block diagram of a process for adapting an acronymical entry into an absolute channel selection as a wireless command signal.
FIG. 5—An event diagram depicting the steps as related to the process sequence discussed relative with
FIG. 6—A block diagram of a process for adapting a virtual entry into an absolute channel selection as a wireless command signal.
FIG. 7—An event diagram depicting the steps as related to the process sequence discussed relative with
FIG. 8—A block diagram of a process for adapting a real channel number entry into an absolute channel selection as a wireless command signal.
FIG. 9—A functional block diagram showing the use of a microprocessor for satisfying the process and control functions of the invention.
FIG. 10B—A logical flow chart showing the various decision and function steps enabling keypad submissions of acronymical, virtual and real entries to develop an absolute channel selection value for a wireless command signal.
FIG. 11—An event diagram associable with
FIG. 12—An event diagram associable with
FIG. 13—An event diagram showing the SEND function satisfied by maintaining the last keybutton entry of a string of entries to exceed a predetermined time interval.
I find that the public's almost universal familiarity with the ubiquitous Touchtone™ keypad layout is advantageously carried over into the arrangement of this device's keypad. A difference may be noted in that the zero 0 key is co-assigned with the alphabetical characters Q and Z, which are not ordinarily used in the usual telephone configuration. This layout extension is preferable, since some acronyms may include one of the characters Q or Z, such as in acronymical appearing television station call letters as for example WBZ in Boston, Mass., or popular network acronyms such as STARZ and QVC.
Common Acronym Usage Considerations
Over-the-air television programs are intended to be received by viewers on specifically assigned channels. A bulk of over-the-air programming is also affiliated with a network, for example, NBC, CBS, ABC, PBS, FOX, etc.
Cable and satellite programming is also known to have well known "program content provider" or network associations, again for example: HBO, CNN, HSN, MTV, GAC, TNN, etc. As a result, certain programs are often related by the public with specific networks. For example, the program "The Tonight Show" is presented by Jay Leno on NBC, whilst the popular dramatic series "The Sopranos" appears on HBO. NBC is well known to appear on a diversity of "real" channels in various major cities. For example, in Boston, Mass. "The Tonight Show" and other NBC programs such as "Jeopardy!" appear over-the-air on NBC's "real" channel 7 while in Providence, R.I. the same NBC programs appear on the real channel 10, and in metropolitan New York City the NBC programs appear on channel 4. In other words, while the network (and the related acronym) is consistent throughout the nation, the real channel number assignments for receiving NBC programming differs from city to city, or in different geographical service regions.
Cable service providers (CSP) and particularly satellite service providers (SSP) will often provide standard network programming, such as NBC, HBO, etc. on "virtual" or offset channel numbers having no obvious relationship with their real counterparts, e.g., the local over-the-air channel number assignments. For example, it is not unusual for an AT&T-Broadband™ cable service subscriber to be viewing a FOX program which appears over-the-air on FCC assigned real channel 25 instead shifted to a virtual channel 13 in one town, while in a nearby town an Adelphia™ cable service subscriber will find the same "channel 25" FOX program shifted to virtual channel 22.
The various keybuttons couple 10 with a keypad scan interface logic 12 that routes 14 keybutton value entries to a register 16. For this illustrative example, if the value HBO is entered into the appropriately co-assigned keybuttons, the register will receive a mesne value of 426 as derived from the co-assigned alpha-numerical keybuttons.
The register 16 is depicted to have 4 stages 0,1,2 and 3 but in practice may have more or fewer. Each keypress sends a "clocking" signal on line 28 which advances the register 16 upon receipt of the individual entry value. The mesne value obtained from the keypad appears as a right-shifted entry in the register 16, held in the register's cells as 6240, with the LSB on the left consistent with usual right-shift register entry. The register output lines 18-1 severally couple with a display driver 20 via route 18-3. The display driver output urges the LCD or LED display 21 to show the present entries, such as the depicted acronym entry HBO in this example.
The variously routed register 16 outputs also couple 18-2 with the address ports of a storage device 32. The storage device includes cells which have been set-up by a keypad command coupled 22 with a setup logic controller 24 to route user directed values on line 30 for storage in the cells. Most particularly, this set-up permits a conversion of the acronymical keypad entry mesne values to be converted into absolute channel numbers delivered on line 34.
A mode control logic function 50 is included to have inputs coupled with an "A" (acronymic) keybutton 40-1 and a "V" (virtual) keybutton 40-2, as well as a "SEND" keybutton 44. Observe that the "A" keybutton 40-1 delivers an actuation command on line 42-1 to the mode control logic 50. Similarly, the "V" keybutton delivers an actuation signal on line 42-2 while the "SEND" keybutton delivers it's actuation signal over line 46. Additionally a clock 52 delivers a signal on line 54 for timing events. This mode control logic serves to deliver various command signals on the several lines 56-1 through 56-5 which implement the remote controller's immediate operating characteristics.
Line 56-3 commands the register 16 to deliver a value readout on lines 18-1. Line 56-2 further instructs the memory 32 to read-out data stored in an addressed storage cell onto line 34. Line 56-5 serves to establish the select mode as either an intermediate copula value or a real channel number value. Two main modes are shown. One is to deliver absolute channel number values from line 34 which represent the converted acronym or virtual values entered into the keypad. The other mode is to deliver the real keypad entry value as corresponding with the absolute channel number, when no conversion is necessary. The mode selector 36 output bus couples with an encoder 60. The encoder is responsible for establishing the unique signal pattern recognizable by the remotely controlled television receiver in accord with device specific enciphering data stored in an encoder library 62.
The encoder is instructed by a signal on line 56-4 to deliver the encoded channel number value on line 64 to a sender 66. In response to a "send" signal on line 56-1, the sender 66 delivers an encoded signal to an emitter 68, such as a light emitting diode but which may also be a radio frequency antenna or other wireless coupling device.
The problem which this invention addresses is depicted in
The step 74 look-up is followed by a subsequential look-up 76 of the virtual channel number which carries the real channel 25 for FOX programming. Cable and satellite systems often shift real channel numbers to virtual channel numbers for distribution, for a variety of technical and business reasons. In this mentioned example, the user will find that the real channel 25 FOX station is carried on the virtual channel 13 in the cable network.
Upon finding channel 13 as the correct channel to tune the FOX programming, it is up to the user to enter the virtual channel 13 entry into a keypad in step 78. Upon keypad entry, the virtual channel 13 is sent 80 as an absolute channel change command to the remotely located television receiver.
In this invention 82, the mentioned steps 74, 76 and 78 are supplanted with one automatic step 84 in which the FOX acronym is entered directly into the keypad and a subsequent absolute channel selection command representing the virtual channel 13 (in this example) is sent by the sender 86 to the remotely located television receiver.
Acronymic to Copula Value Conversions
Recognize that the entry of an acronym into a decimal keypad yields a concurrently intermediate numerical equivalent, or mesne value. In the telecommunications field, this known equivalence is the heart of the common telephone Touchtone™ keypad.
Although a user enters a name, such as BESTBED, the telephone system sees the alphabetical character entry as merely a series of integers. Hence, (BESTBED=237-8233).
In a similar way, this principal of entering the characters of a network's acronym such as ESPN into a co-assigned alpha-numerical keypad yields an array of unique number combinations such as 3776 and other combinations as now shown in
The register 94 output couples with a copula to absolute value converter which depends upon data stored in a RAM 98 to deliver a virtual channel number such as 60 to a register 100. The absolute channel number and virtual channel number are coequal, as coupled with an encoder 102-1. The encoder uniquely keys the absolute channel number command to match the remotely controlled receiver, using data stored in a device code ROM 104-1. The result is a sending of the absolute channel number command via a sender 106-1 and wireless signal emitter 108-1, such as an infrared LED.
A timing diagram shown in
In a similar manner
Automatic conversion of a real channel number selection, such as given for FOX over-the-air station WFXT, channel 25 into a virtual channel 13 value for a typical cable system is now shown in
In this example of
I depict the register 116 to provide three-digit storage such as might be utilized with satellite receivers. However this is merely an engineering detail and a register having other storage capacities may be utilized without departing from the teaching.
A timing diag+ram shown in
In a similar manner
Under some circumstances the real, or over-the-air channel number and the cable assignment channel number are the same. For example, station WPRI channel 12 in Providence, R.I. is also distributed over most of the areas cable systems as cable channel 12. In
A microprocessor such as an 8051, Z80B or any of a variety of other ASIC types may provide a CPU function 130 of
An address bus 140-1 and a data bus 140-2 couple the CPU with a number of ancillary device functions, including: a local program ROM 142 defining the device's operational personality; a library ROM 144 for storing encoding data; an encoder setup RAM 146 for defining various combinations of controlled devices such as a TV-set, VCR machine, etc.; a copula to absolute value conversion RAM 148; a virtual to absolute value conversion RAM 150; a keypad scratchpad RAM 152; a keypad entry to copula value conversion ROM 154 (if needed); and a setup mapping RAM 156. Additionally, the data is submitted to an encoder 160 which in conjunction with the library ROM 144 data delivers an encrypted command signal to the sender 106-4 and wireless emitter 108-4. Observe that the keypad in this depiction includes separate acronym mode 162-1 and virtual mode 162-2 keybuttons. A distinctly separate SEND keybutton 162-3 is also provided. Note also that the alphabetical characters Q and Z share the integer 1 keybutton in this illustrative arrangement, showing that these or any of the alphabetical characters may be uniquely engineered to be variously co-assigned with any mix of the integer keybuttons.
Jointly referring to
A resolution of the keypad entries begins by coupling 172 the keypad with a SEND? query function 174. A NO decision delivers 176-2 the keypad entry to an ACRONYM query function 180. If the keypad entry represents an acronym, a YES decision results in transfer of the keypad entry data 182-1 to a read mesne value function 184. In other words, a keypad entry of "E" for example, results in the co-assigned integer keypad value of "3" as the mesne value coupled with the mesne value to copula value adaptation function 186. A copula value (which may ordinarily be the same as the mesne value) is derived by the adaptation function 186 optionally in conjunction with a copula data ROM 190. The copula value thence couples with a combiner 208 to a port (C) 210. The combiner 208 output in effect couples with a copula to absolute (or real) value converter function 230. Conversion factors are determined by data stored in an absolute channel number RAM 232 during setup of the controller. In other words, the RAM 232 data will ordinarily be different for any one of a number of cable or satellite based signal distribution systems. The real or absolute channel number on line 234 couples via a combiner 236 with an encoder 240. The encoder depends upon a device selection RAM 242 which is preset during device setup to define a particular "make and model" for a remotely controlled apparatus. Similarly the encoder depends upon a device code library ROM which is typically preloaded with a multitude of encryption codes unique to a near-universal variety of "makes and models" of controlled devices, such as TV-sets, VCR machines, cable boxes, etc. The encoder output couples with a sender 246.
Looking back to the keypad entry 170. If a SEND entry such as might be initiated by SEND keybutton 44 of
Reverting back to the keypad entry 170 and allowing for a virtual channel number entry, such as the earlier discussed FOX "channel 25" the value is applied 182-2 to a virtual query function 200 and a (virtual=yes) decision results in the keypad entry data to appear on line 202-1 as coupled with the read virtual value function 204 (usually a register function). The output of the function 204 couples with a virtual to copula value adapter 206. Typically the copula value and the virtual value are equivalent, as coupled to the combiner 208.
As for the acronymical conversions, the copula value on line 210 is converted to an absolute channel number, subsequently encoded and then sent to the remotely controlled device as a wireless command 250 in response to a SEND command.
In event the keypad inputs are determined as NOT an acronym and NOT a virtual entry, the keypad values are translated 202-2 to a real query function 216. If the keypad inputs are valid combinations of real channel numbers, their value is coupled via line 218-1 to a real to absolute conversion function. Typically, the real and absolute values are the same in this mode. If the keypad inputs are invalid combinations as recognized by the query function 216 the NO output 218-2 loops back to the keypad entry 170 awaiting the next keypad entry. Typically, this occurs when keypad scanning is utilized and the loopback ordinarily occurs in absence of a recognized keybutton entry during repeated keypad scanning.
The real channel number as converted to the absolute value channel number couples 222 to the (R) port and thence directly to the combiner 236. From this point, operation is similar in the functioning of the encoder and SEND command for effectuating a send wireless command 250 representative of the real channel number.
A depiction of events is shown in
In the acronymical mode, an "A" keybutton 40-1 entry CAAA is first submitted as shown on line CA, followed by several keybutton entries on line CB representing the letters of an acronym. In this example, the acronym "CNN" is shown CBAA, CBAB, CRAC. Sharing co-assigned integer keys results in the concurrent entry of a mesne equivalent value CCAA, CCAB, CCAC shown on line CC as "266". As mentioned earlier relative with
In the virtual mode, a "V" keybutton 40-2 entry CABA is first submitted, followed by the keybutton entries representing the integers of the virtual channel number. In this example, the virtual channel "36" is shown CBBA, CBBB. As shown by function 220 of
A real mode is recognized when no "A" or "V" keybutton 40-1, 40-2 is actuated, as shown lacking on line CA, prior to the keybutton integer entry of real integer values CBCA, CBCB for a "real" channel 12 selection. The real channel 12 entry is adapted by function 220 of
The virtual mode is obtained by initially entering the "V" keybutton 40-2 command to deliver the signal DAB. Next, the integer values representing the virtual channel number, such as "38" are entered DCBA, DCBB on line DC. The virtual channel number integer entries are completed with the SEND keybutton 44 entry DBB, thereby initiating conversion of the virtual integer values, treated intermediately as copula values DDBA, DDBB, into counterpart absolute channel selection values DEBA, DEBB and in this example representing an absolute channel "17" selection.
Real mode entries may be obtained by directly entering the desired channel number, such as channel 12 shown by the entries DCCA, DCCB on line DC. No prefixal mode selection entry is shown on line DA, but a SEND entry DBC appears on line DB subsequent to the integer entries. As a result, the real integer entries DCCA, DCCB are immediately adapted into the absolute channel selection value "12", shown as command values DECA, DECB on line DE. The distinctive postfixal entry of the SEND entry DBC permits the integer entries to be extended beyond merely the shown two, for example allowing entry of "232+SEND" for the "Ovation" network in certain AT&T-Broadband™ service areas.
An acronymical character string entry EBAA, EBAB, EBAC may be preceded by an acronym mode "A" command entry EAA in the event diagram of
The last character entry EBAC is sustained active (keybutton kept actuated) for a longer period than the usual time EBAD of the preceding entries. The time interval ECAC runs naturally concurrent with the onset and initial portion of the character entry EBAC and continues for a predetermined period ECAT. Note however that the time duration ECAT is short of the maintained overall time duration of the character entry EBAC. Ordinarily this time duration ECAT may be a few seconds. Realize that the period ECAT may be more specifically engineered to best suit an anticipated application.
Each of the character string entries EBAA, EBAB, EBAC deliver corresponding copula values, usually to a register and depicted as an integer string EDAA, EDAB, EDAC having a mesne value of 688 as derived from the keypad entry activity.
Looking now as to the broken line ECETA it is apparent that the timeout of the interval ECAT initiates a virtual send window EESA, which includes the two absolute channel number values 28 shown as integers EEAA, EEAB which are sent to the remotely controlled television receiver or other device.
In a similar manner, a virtual mode entry may be submitted EAB followed by a real channel number 38 submitted as keypress entries EBAA, EBBB noting that the second keypress entry EBBB exceeds the usual entry duration EBBC. Concurrent with each entry, a timer interval; ECBA, ECBB is initiated commencing with each keypress entry. Find that the second sustained keypress entry EBBB exceeds the timer duration ECBT, thereby defining ECETB the onset of the virtual send window EESB to include the two absolute channel number 14 integers EEBA, EEBB as derived from the copula values EDBA, EDBB illustrated as a mesne value 38.
A principal advantage of the functional benefits afforded by
Practice Caveats
In its primary expression, this invention enables a user to variously enter acronymical characters or REAL channel number selections and VIRTUAL channel number selections through the same keypad integer keys on a remote controller.
The utter essence of the invention to substantially increase the functional capacity of a remote controller with a minimal apparent increase in keypad complexity.
To achieve this novel teaching, a number of variant methods and device implementations are discussed which are suitable for practicing the invention. This tutelage urges an intuitive entry of a REAL channel number, a well known network acronym or a VIRTUAL channel number selection with little or no increase in keypad layout density and complexity.
It is necessary to realize that the numerous approaches which are now described as illustrative are intended to respond to hardware implementations and styling objectives of a wide base of contemporaneous remote controller designs. Realize that the described approaches might be embodied to take other modified forms which can be engineered by others to best satisfy a particular application embodiment or take advantage of different technological parts, operational protocols or implementation techniques without departing from the underlying spirit of the invention. In particular it is well known that the rapid state of art advancement may introduce other channel selection protocols and standards which can be adapted to this invention's fundamental teachings without a deviation from the overall essence of my invention. It is anticipated this improvement wrought by mere technology advancement and refinement are obvious improvement and therefore merely the natural result of good engineering practices. Utilization of this invention in apparatus and system upgrades is an important point to ponder, in view of the rapid ongoing advancements in software scripting and solid-state technology. It is further anticipated that the invention offers remarkable advantages of overall operational simplicity and enhanced user convenience in many categories of remotely controlled apparatus and particularly in television signal receiving systems for selection of various combinations of over-the-air, cable and satellite provided television station channel assignments exemplified by various real and virtual channel numbers and network acronyms as manually urged keypad entries.
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|Jack Beery
|Apparatus for controlling a television receiver
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|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd
|Digital broadcasting receiver and a reception method thereof
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|Sony Corporation
|Automatic picture conditioning based upon user input choosing a video label
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|Yoshiyuki Kunita
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|Jun 14, 2011
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Apparatus and method for switching channels in a digital broadcasting system
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|Savvystuff Property Trust
|Remote controller utilizing a proxy adapter to enable sending a plurality of commands by user actuation of a single-button
|Jun 11, 2007
|May 29, 2012
|Microsoft Corporation
|Channel filter for a content player
|Mar 14, 2012
|Jul 7, 2015
|Tivo Inc.
|Determining commands based on detected movements of a remote control device
|Apr 23, 2014
|May 17, 2016
|Sony Corporation
|User assigned channel numbering for content from multiple input source types
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|Tivo Inc.
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|Automatic picture conditioning
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|Kang Eun-Young
|Digital broadcasting receiver and a reception method thereof
|Dec 8, 2005
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|Funai Electric Co., Ltd.
|Television receiving tuner and television receiver
|Mar 26, 2004
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|Koji Hirose
|Remote control system, controllable device, and remote control method
|Jun 5, 2006
|Jan 18, 2007
|Hung-Rok Kwon
|Apparatus and method for switching channels in a digital broadcasting system
|Dec 16, 2005
|Jun 21, 2007
|Sbc Knowledge Ventures, L.P.
|System and method for channel selection on a set-top box
|Feb 10, 2006
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|Sbc Knowledge Ventures, Lp
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|Microsoft Corporation
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|Mukesh Patel
|Automatic updates to a remote control device
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|U.S. Classification
|348/734, 725/57, 455/151.1, 348/731
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Feb 12, 2008
Owner name: WEUFF REMOTE ELECTRONICS L.L.C., DELAWARE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WEBER, HAROLD J.;REEL/FRAME:020487/0807
Effective date: 20071128
|Nov 20, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Nov 26, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Dec 21, 2015
Owner name: F. POSZAT HU, L.L.C., DELAWARE
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:WEUFF REMOTE ELECTRONICS L.L.C.;REEL/FRAME:037344/0761
Effective date: 20150812


text:
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A discharge flow system has been used to study the stoichiometry and chemiluminescence of the reaction of atomic oxygen with phosphorus and with phosphine. Visible chemiluminescence in both reactions extending down to 3600 $\overset{\circ}{\mathrm A}$ and ultraviolet emission in the O + PH$_3$ reaction are attributed respectively to the processes $O + PO \rightarrow PO_2$ and $OH + PO \rightarrow HOPO.$ Bond energies of these species and the mechanisms of formation of excited PO are discussed. It is deduced that P and PO only play minor roles in the O + P$_4$ reaction and in the chain reaction between phosphorus and oxygen.
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text: Jay-Z and Beyonce have been together since the early 2000's and have been music's power couple ever since. He's the king of Hip-Hop, she's the queen of R&B. With more than 100 million records sold between them,grammys, chart topping hit after chart topping hit, the dominance of their empire seems to be getting stronger daily. It cannot be denied the ARE the urban music culture. For a liack of a better term royalty. They've sold us everything from music,to clothes, perfume and liquor. Jay-Z has in everything from sports and music management, record labels, the 40/40 club and the list goes on.


text:
Staff Biographies and Contact Information
ArtsWA employs 14 staff members to implement several programs, and to conduct the administrative duties required of a state agency. In addition to full-time staff, ArtsWA relies on highly qualified contractors, interns, and volunteers who focus on specific tasks and functions that are outside the duties of the staff. ArtsWA programs include:
- Art in Public Places
- Arts in Education
- Grants to Organizations
- Special Projects
Mitch Berndt, Fiscal Technician II
Phone: 360.753.3860
Email: email@example.com
Mitch joined ArtsWA in June of 2016 as a Fiscal Technician II and he supports the Deputy Director as well as covering the front desk. He has recently been a stay at home parent, raising two children, and has been active in both the Boy and Girl Scout programs. Mitch has a Master's degree in Chemical Engineering from Washington State University and has studied Accounting at South Puget Sound Community College.
Glenda Carino, Communications Manager
Phone: 360.586.8093
Email: email@example.com
Glenda was hired as ArtsWA's communications manager in March 2014. Her past experience includes experience as a chief media spokesperson, speechwriter, and policy staff for public officials at the City of Puyallup, City of Auburn, Alaska Lt. Governor's Office, and for an Alaska State Senator. Her background also includes more than ten years as a public radio news director, host, and reporter; and marketing director at Perseverance Theatre in Juneau, Alaska. Glenda has served on several boards and commissions in recent years, including past board president of Puyallup's Valley Arts United, member of the Pierce County Arts Commission, and board member of the Tacoma Regional Convention and Visitor's Bureau.
Judy Cullen, Poetry Out Loud Coordinator, Arts in Education
Phone: 360.586.1270
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Judy joined ArtsWA in July of 2013 as a contracted Poetry Out Loud coordinator, and became part of the ArtsWA staff in January, 2017. She works with the Program Manager for Arts in Education to produce the Washington State portion of the Poetry Out Loud national recitation contest. Judy works with regional coordinators as the State Coordinator, and directly manages the program in the Puget Sound. Judy is an artist from the Pacific Northwest with over 30 years of experience as a scenic designer, production manager, administrator, and producer for theatre and opera. She has worked for non-profit arts organizations throughout Pierce County including the Broadway Center for the Performing Arts, the Children's Museum of Tacoma, Tacoma Little Theatre, and the late Tacoma Actors' Guild. Judy also works as a consultant to small non-profits, and has self-published ten titles of fiction, poetry and reflective essays.
Adam Fah, Conservation Technician, Art in Public Places
Phone: 360.586.1266
Email: email@example.com
Adam has been the Conservation Technician for the Art in Public Places Program since September 2007. He facilitates art conservation projects, art handling, and partner agency support for the care of the State Art Collection. He helps shape the art conservation review process for new acquisitions to the State Art Collection. Since 2000, Adam has owned and operated a studio specializing in conservation and restoration of metal sculpture. He is a professional patineur and enjoys facilitating bronze castings for artist Philip McCracken.
Heide Fernandez-Llamazares, Project Manager, My Public Art Portal, Art in Public Places
Phone: 360.586.3949
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Heide joined ArtsWA as Project Manager for the Art in Public Places program's My Public Art Portal in January, 2016. She is managing the growth of My Public Art Portal to eventually include the entire State Art Collection online, going back to its beginnings in 1974. She previously managed a private collection, worked in Education at Tacoma Art Museum, and was also a technical writer. She is passionate about art and collections, and loves working in an environment that includes art on a daily basis.
Paul D. Foster, Information Technology Technician
Email: email@example.com
Paul joined ArtsWA in August of 2016 as a part-time Information Technology (IT) Technician for the agency, dealing with issues that correlate with the technical properties of ArtsWA. Paul will be getting his Associates in Applied Sciences through the Computer Networking Administration program at South Puget Sound Community College in the spring of 2018. Paul's number one goal for the agency is to make sure IT related issues are addressed, given advice upon, and solved, to make sure ArtsWA's computer system's run smoothly twenty-four hours a day. Being an Eagle Scout, Paul likes to spend his free time hiking, camping, and participating in local community service projects for the city of Olympia.
Miguel Guillén, Program Manager, Grants to Organizations
Phone: 360.586.0424
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Miguel Guillén joined ArtsWA in 2016 and currently serves as Program Manager for the Grants to Organizations program. Miguel is a seasoned arts administrator with several years of experience managing arts programs for the private sector and providing support to community-based arts organizations, small arts groups, community-based projects, and individual artists across Washington State. Additionally he is co-founder and volunteer Executive Director for La Sala (www.lasalaseattle.org), an organization that seeks to raise the profile of Latino/a artists working in Seattle and surrounding communities. Born in Mexico and raised in the Skagit Valley of Washington State, Miguel has completed the Arts Management Certificate Program from Seattle Central Community College and also holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree from Cornish College of the Arts, Seattle. He is a practicing visual artist.
Janae Huber, Collections Manager, Art in Public Places
Phone: 360.586.2420
Email: email@example.com
Janae is the Collections Manager for the Art in Public Places program, stewarding the care of the State Art Collection, as well as ongoing relationships with statewide partners. Before joining ArtsWA in 2005, Janae was the Registrar at Tacoma Art Museum. She has also held curatorial positions at the Center for Creative Photography in Tucson, where she completed two undergraduate degrees at the University of Arizona, in Art History and German Studies. In addition to her work with ArtsWA, Janae has served two terms on the Olympia Arts Commission, chaired her neighborhood association for four years, and founded an advocacy group called Olympians for People-Oriented Places (O-POP), which focuses on issues of land use and planning.
Lisa Jaret, Program Manager, Arts in Education
Phone: 360.586.2418
Email: email@example.com
Lisa joined ArtsWA as the Arts in Education Program Manager in September 2005. She manages the arts education grant programs, Arts Education Research Initiative, Roster of Teaching Artists, Poetry Out Loud program, and other projects related to supporting and strengthening K-12 arts education in Washington State. In partnership with Seattle Repertory Theatre, Lisa developed and co-directs the statewide Teaching Artist Training Lab. Lisa has served as both member and chair of the Arts Education Advisory Group for the National Assembly of State Arts Agencies. She currently serves as an ex-officio board member for ArtsEd Washington and on advisory committees for several regional arts education projects. Lisa previously was the Administrative Director of Education Programs for Seattle Children's Theatre. For several years, she also served on the board of Spectrum Dance Theater in Seattle. Lisa holds a BA degree from the University of California, Berkeley, and a Master's degree in Not-For-Profit Leadership from Seattle University.
Marissa Laubscher, Project Manager, Art in Public Places
Phone: 360.586.2419
Email: email@example.com
Marissa joined ArtsWA as Project Manager for Art in Public Places in April, 2015. She previously worked with Public Art San Antonio where she managed the temporary downtown art program "X MARKS THE ART" and was responsible for temporary exhibits and permanent projects in city facilities and at the airport. She also co-founded and co-directed the inaugural (sub)Urban Projections festival for the City of Eugene, OR. She holds an M.S. degree in Arts Management from the University of Oregon, and a B.A. degree in Studio Art from the University of California, Santa Cruz.
Anna Marie Ortiz, Administrative Assistant, Grants to Organization
Phone: 360.586.0026
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Anna Marie has worked in the arts and arts management for more than 30 years. She studied dance and psychology and was awarded a scholarship by the Dance Theatre of Harlem and the New Orleans Contemporary Dance Theatre. She taught movement therapy in New York and Kansas City. She raised her son in Bellingham while working for the main community performing arts theatre. For the last ten years she put her administrative skills to use with the Emergency Management Division under the Military Department. She is delighted to get back to her "roots" in the rich environment of ArtsWA.
Valerie Peterman, Writer-Researcher, Art in Public Places
Phone: 360.586.8086
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Valerie joined ArtsWA in April 2016 as the writer and researcher for the Art in Public Places program's My Public Art Portal, composing interpretive descriptions of artworks and assisting in the growth of the online collection. She previously worked as the administrative lead for the publication of fine art editions at Gemini G.E.L. in Los Angeles. She has served as a curatorial intern at the Henry Art Gallery in Seattle and as a client services officer for Mana Fine Arts in New Jersey. She holds a M.A. degree in philosophy and the arts from SUNY Stony Brook and a B.A. in philosophy from Colorado College. Valerie lives in Olympia with her husband, cat and dog.
Leslie Pope, Executive Assistant
Phone: 360.753.3861
Email: email@example.com
Leslie has worked as Executive Assistant to the ArtsWA Executive Director for over eight years, supports the 23-member ArtsWA Board, and serves as Human Resources Liaison within the agency. She holds a Bachelor of Science degree in business administration, and has extensive work experience with organizations in both the public and private sectors.
Deane Shellman, Program Coordinator, Art in Public Places
Phone: 360.753.5894
Email: email@example.com
Deane came to ArtsWA in 2002, and now serves as Program Coordinator for the Art in Public Places Program, where she assists with contracting and database management and interfaces with artists. Deane holds a degree in Theatre Arts from Western Washington University. She has worked locally at the Washington Center for the Performing Arts and Harlequin Productions in various capacities, including stage and production management, business and operations, marketing, and box office, among others. Deane continues to volunteer in local theater and is currently on the board of Olympia Family Theater.
Michael Sweney, Program Manager, Art in Public Places
Phone: 360.586.2422
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Mike has been with the Art in Public Places program since 2007, and was named AIPP's Program Manager in 2011. In addition to leading the awesome public art team, he facilitates and manages public art projects throughout Washington. Mike previously served as the director of Davidson Contemporary in Seattle and the Charles Cowles Gallery in New York. He is a past Board Vice President for the Center on Contemporary Art in Seattle. Mike currently serves as the Chair of the Tacoma Arts Commission and as a member of the Tacoma Art Museum's Collection Committee, and lives in Tacoma with his wife, their three children, and a rambunctious black lab. He holds a BA degree in Art History and Studio Art from Oberlin College.
Terry J. West, Deputy Director
Phone: 360.586-5350
Email: email@example.com
Terry joined ArtsWA in February 2015 to serve as Deputy Director. As Deputy Director she serves as the chief budget and financial officer and coordinates core agency services. She has 30+ years of state government experience in budget and finance, office management, and board management. Before coming to ArtsWA, she worked as the Budget and Operations Manager for the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. She also worked with the Departments of Licensing and Health with 12 different boards, commissions, committees, and advisory councils. Terry holds a bachelor's degree in Business Administration and is a Washington State Certified Public Manager. She enjoys kayaking, sailing, gardening and metal art.
Chuck Zimmer, Art in Public Places Project Manager
Phone: 360.586.8087
Email: email@example.com
Chuck Zimmer is the former Deputy Director of New Mexico Arts. At New Mexico Arts Chuck created and implemented several innovative public art programs, including TIME (Temporary Installations Made for the Environment), the Centennial Project Space and the New Mexico Arts Full Immersion Dome Program. A recipient of the Pollock-Krasner Grant, his background includes an MFA from Southern Illinois University and Bachelors degrees in anthropology, art history, and fine art from the State University of New York at Potsdam. A native of New York, Chuck is also a working artist who has exhibited nationally. Besides Public Art, his experience includes teaching fine arts at the university level and extensive involvement in community theatre as a set designer and as a director.


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Ryan Giggs set to confirm he is leaving Man Utd - reports
Ryan Giggs is expected to bring down the curtain on his 29-year association with Manchester United in the coming days, according to widespread reports.
A 13-time Premier League winner as a player at United, the Old Trafford icon has served as a coach at the club under managers David Moyes and Louis van Gaal in the last three years and has made it clear that he was keen to be given a chance to take over as the club's next manager.
Yet that dream was snatched away as Jose Mourinho was confirmed as the new United manager last week, with Giggs offered a demoted role in the new coaching set-up at the club.
With Mourinho's trusted sidekick Rui Faria certain to be appointed as United's new assistant manager, Giggs is said to be unhappy with the position he has been offered as the club look to a new future under the former Chelsea manager.
That looks set to spell the end of his time at United, with the Welshman ready to confirm that he will look to launch his own management career away from the club he has been associated with since he signed for as a player on his 14th birthday.
Giggs is now expected to follow the advice of a number of his former United team-mates, who have suggested the moment is right for him to severe his ties with the club in the hope of returning one day as manager.
"I think Ryan's big dream is to one day manage United," said ex-United keeper Peter Schmeichel last month.
"To be equipped to do that, he has to go away and be a manager at other clubs - standing on his own two feet, making decisions, producing results, getting his own ideas in - rather than step-up from being assistant.
"I would like to see him go away and come back some day prepared for the challenge because we've seen that, in the last three years at United, it's a hard job to be manager there. It's not something you can just step up and do."
Sources confirmed to the Sunday World last month that Mourinho was keen to include a United legend in a high profile position on his coaching set-up, with Rio Ferdinand linked with a role at Old Trafford in recent days.


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2015 Amigo Airsho Cancelled With No Word On When It Will Be Back
Is this the end for one of El Paso's premiere events?
Is this the end for one of El Paso's premiere events?
Airshows around the country are being hit hard by federal budget cuts caused by the sequestration, with many being cancelled because of those cuts. El Paso's own Amigo Airsho will still happen this year, but the previously announced lineup is going to change.
Tune in today during Back In The Day Cafe for Free Lunch from our friends at Carino's'!
Carino's is now serving up great lunch and dinner items UNDER 500 Calories especially for kids...


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Being a busy mom of two with full time blog to attend to ,life can be hectic at times. With my busy schedule, a lot of dirty laundry piled up one after the other and thank God to the app "Washmen", this is what makes life in Dubai so easy sometimes, with just a click, …
Tag: uae apps
About Me
Welcome to my world..Veenazworld as we call it. Here we will talk about all things about beauty. I love to share everything I know about makeup but I am a firm believer of skincare ,no makeup will look good with a not-so-good skin. So,you are one of the luckiest to get first hand access to all of my tips and suggestions. To spice up our journey, you will see me in action while beautifying my friends. Makeup artists do makeup on others while I will make YOU do makeup on yourself. Occasionally, you see me put in my kit ,details of my outings,travels and share some fashion stories that fall under the umbrella of Hijab.


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Petite round ass Nicole gets her pussy fucked by her stepdad
Petite round ass Nicole Bexley does not want to go to school and hides herself under the sink. She gets caught her step dad. He will tell her mom about it but she grabs his massive cock and gives a deep throat. She then gets fucked in different position.


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An Alternative to School
Raritan Learning Cooperative is a leader in the movement to create self-directed learning programs for young people – both locally and nationally.
RLC and our sister centers each have their own local flavor, but are alike in many important ways. Learn more about what we believe and what we do.
The Learning Cooperatives
Liberated Learners
Raritan Learning Cooperative is a member of Liberated Learners, a national network of self-directed learning centers with member programs across the United States and Canada.


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Funding Your Startup Business by Doug Nordman Veteran's Preference Private Sector Jobs The Veteran Entrepreneur Developing Your Core Personal Documents to Help Your Transition by... Read More
Military & Veteran Discounts Most of the Blue links below take you right to the military discount page for the respective companies. Good Hunting! Disclaimer:... Read More
We've just launched our gear store thanks to the awesome people at Shopify and Out of the Sandbox. Sign up to get the latest on gear and special discounts!
© 2017 Warrior Lodge.
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Dragon's Fire Gameplay Edit
Dragon's FireEdit
Dragon's Azure FireEdit
Tactics and PlaystylesEdit
|This article is a stub. You can help Battlefield Heroes Wiki by expanding it.
The cannonballs bounces, wich means it's harder to attack in front rampage but easier to demolish infantry units from un-expectable corners. If one can train and learn to take advantage of it's trajectory, than he may suceed in most battles.
This weapon is usefull for demolishing infantry units as it's bounce property and high damage allows to destroy most enemies in 2-3 shots (applies if all shots were direct hits). Additionally, one can use the bounce to literally attack enemies from behind. The key to master this cannon is learning the cannonball's power and weaknesses. Due to fact that this weapon has got 2 bullets, it's also easier to deliver tons of damage, unlike the ususal RPG. Yet, it launches enemies less than RPG, making it rather redundant in gunner duels without proper aim.
This anti-infantry launcher compares worse than RPG when fighting enemies in terms of vehicle combat, as bounce makes it hard to hit the enemy vehicle. Also, it deals poor damage to Vehicles, justifying the fact that it's Anti-Infantry.
Model and SoundEdit
|This article is a stub. You can help Battlefield Heroes Wiki by expanding it.


text:
So, I have to admit that I'm addicted to my phone and I need rehab. Yes, my name is Clarisa and I'm addicted to my phone. To be fair, it wasn't always like that; there was a time that I went 2 years without a phone and I was prefectly fine. But now I cannot leave my phone alone for more than 5 minutes because it makes me uneasy.
Are you addicted to your phone? Here's a quick quiz to see if you are:
1. You're at a restaurant and your dinner companion gets up to use the restroom. How long does it take you to check your phone?
a) 2 seconds
b) 10 seconds
c) 30 seconds
d) I'm an alien and I wouldn't check my phone
2. When you first wake up in the morning, how long are you conscious before checking your phone?
a) 2 seconds
b) 10 seconds
c) 30 seconds
d) I don't check my phone at all
3. How do you feel about Instagramming food photos?
a) Always
b) I'm guilty of this sometimes
c) When someone posts a food photo, I'm tempted to unfollow them
d) What's Instagram again?
4. Do you bring your phone into the bathroom with you?
a) Always
b) I've done it before
c) Only if there's some kind of emergency
d) That's disgusting, why are you asking me that?
5. When's the last time you stopped, mid-conversation, and brandished your phone to display a photo, YouTube video or other example that "added something" to the discussion?
a) I'm actually showing this quiz to my friend, on my phone, right now
b) Earlier today
c) Sometime in the last week
d) Never. Shoving phones in people's faces is rude
6. Can you watch an entire TV show without referring to your phone?
a) TV shows were made for live tweeting!
b) No; checking my phone while watching TV is my way of multitasking
c) Maybe, if the show is captivating enough
d) Yes! One screen is enough, thank you
7. Where is your phone when you go to sleep?
a) Tucked gently under my pillow
b) On my bedside table
c) Elsewhere in the bedroom, probably charging
d) Purposefully left in some other part of my home
If you could only have ONE of the following options for the rest of your life, which would you choose?
Option A: Chocolate and Pizza
Option B: Your phone
Time to add up your score…
Give yourself
3 points for A answers
2 points for B answers
1 point for C answers
0 points for D answers
For the bonus question: If you chose option B, add 10 points.
If you got 33-23points : You are officially addicted to your phone.
If you got 22-12 points: You like your phone or might even love it.
If you got 11 or fewer points: Congratulations! You're not all that into your phone. And, um, who are you? Can you help us???


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With the Mac Leopard operating system getting released just a few weeks ago it is no surprise that there are some new Get A Mac ads available. They are titled Podium, PR Lady, and Boxer.
As always Apple has posted the videos in the MOV format, which requires you to have Quicktime or some other more advanced media player installed to watch the videos. That's why earlier this year I started a post over in the forum which has every Get A Mac ad available via Google Video, thereby eliminating the need for Quicktime. Have you seen all 28 of the ads? If not head on over to the forum to watch them all.
Out of the three new ones I would have to say that Podium is the best, followed by PR Lady, and then Boxer. Most of the videos take advantage of the fact that people are switching back to XP, which was a good angle for them to take. Without further ado here are the three new Get A Mac ads:


text:
Project Mu Project Mu Front Brake Rotors Toyota Supra JZA80 17inch Wheels
Product Details
Project Mu PCRDTF9003014 Front Brake Rotors Discs TOYOTA Supra JZA80 17inch
Project-Mu introduces a new rotor for serious club motorsport enthusiasts - CRD Rotor. The Project-Mu CRD one-piece rotor is designed to be a direct replacement for high performance street and occasional track work. CRD is the choice for the club enthusiast looking for top quality without spending too much. The segregated vane design allows large volumes of air to pass through the internals of the rotor offering high levels of heat transfer.
The result is very stable performance at higher temperatures. Along with this, 8 straight slots per rotor face help to offer high resistance to fade making this disc ideal for occasional track use, drifting, rally and any high performance street application.
- Diameter: 323.7mm
- Thickness: 30mm
- Height: 49.7mm
- Hub Bore: 62mm
- Lug Holes: 5+2
Images used may be generic. Actual product may vary.
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text:
- Tetragrammaton
- Tetragrammaton Tet`ra*gram"ma*ton, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?; te`tra- (see {Tetra-}) + ? a letter.] The mystic number four, which was often symbolized to represent the Deity, whose name was expressed by four letters among some ancient nations; as, the Hebrew JeHoVaH, Greek qeo`s, Latin deus, etc. [1913 Webster]
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English. 2000.


text:
Training for a 10k race in the gym
Looking to run a fast 10k? Kelsey Kerridge Outlooks Gym has everything you need to train for a 10k. The treadmill offers the means to build up the mileage, and with the top-of-the-range console you are always aware of your speed, distance, heart-rate, incline and anything else you need to know. Continue reading


text: The Cumberland County Board of Chosen Freeholders has declared June to be Gun Safety and Violence Awareness Month. Citing an increase in fatal shootings and youth firearm arrests between 2012 and 2014, the importance of gun safety in the county is a primary concern of both elected officials and groups such as the Cumberland County Positive Youth Development Coalition (CCPYDC). Full Story.


text:
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text: My older sister of 30 lives at home, she doesn't work or go to school. She has an online relationship for over 10 years and she never seen him except for the webcam and he also never saw her. She thinks god will tell her what to do and she doesn't have any friends, she missed out on a lot of experiences... how can she ever live normally... there is a huge chance she will end up alone?


text: thenotoriousgasolinecompany PortfolioA Glaswegian artist just trying to earn a crust. And make glorious art. Share Ali The Greatest Angel II John Lennon Doctor Who IV Doctor Who III Puddles Blue Whats Going On Blue Mister Jones III Blue Stheno Blue Red Noir Blue Hannibal III Rocky Horror Blue Monroe Blue Walken Blue The Count Blue The Dude In Blue Bride Blue Monster Blue Mercury Showing 19 out of 19 Designs Page 1 of 1 1


text:
JUDY WOODRUFF: Tomorrow on Election Day, we will be following a lot of numbers and data here at the "NewsHour." A big part of that are the so-called exit polls. They're also part of what's used to project winners before the final real vote counts come in.
We thought we'd talk about how that works and take a look at the all-important electoral vote map, with our friend Domenico Montanaro. He's NPR's lead editor for politics.
Domenico, it's great to see you. Great to be here.
So, let's look at this map. This is your map, the NPR map. Tell us what it shows.
DOMENICO MONTANARO, NPR: Well, first of all, going into Election Day, Hillary Clinton quite clearly has the advantage.
She could get over 270 electoral votes, 274 by our count, because I moved Nevada from our last map to now lean Democratic, where it had been in tossup. I moved New Hampshire back to tossup. So, when you look at it here, just all of the states that are leaning towards Clinton's way, if those Democratic base voters hold and show up to vote, Hillary Clinton would win.
JUDY WOODRUFF: This is even without the so-called tossup states?
DOMENICO MONTANARO: Absolutely.
JUDY WOODRUFF: Which you haven't even put those in his or her category.
DOMENICO MONTANARO: Well, think about the fact that you could have somebody win without Florida and Ohio and Iowa and North Carolina. Like, that's pretty unheard of in recent modern American political history.
But because of demographic change and where we're at in this election, that's totally possible.
JUDY WOODRUFF: What she could do.
So, then, If that's the case, what is Donald Trump's path? What does he have to do?
DOMENICO MONTANARO: Well, clearly, Donald Trump is going to have to break off a piece of that blue wall.
We were thinking possibly it was in Nevada, maybe it could be New Hampshire. It wouldn't be enough for him right now. He have to pick off a state like Nevada. But it's why you have seen now he's barnstorming the country in what are traditionally lean-Democratic states, places that have gone Democratic in a lot of the last six elections — in all of the last six elections, places like Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan.
They feel better about Michigan, but the Clinton campaign is saying that they're still up there. And you have President Obama going back to make sure that African-American voters get out to vote. They feel like if they get their voters out, then they will win.
Trump would have to pick off one of those cinder blocks. If he can do it, all bets are off.
JUDY WOODRUFF: So, when you say the big blue wall, we're talking about that Upper Midwest. And we see that in light blue color.
Domenico, I want to turn you now to talk about exit polls. That's something that comes up every election year. Remind us, what are they, who runs them?
DOMENICO MONTANARO: So, exit polls are commissioned by the national media, the big broadcast organizations, some print organizations like The New York Times, The Washington Post, ABC, NBC, CNN, for example.
They pay a group called Edison Research, which does — creates what's called the National Exit Poll Consortium. It's a lot of money. The public broadcasters, we should say, PBS, NPR, we're not participating in it this time around. So when you see those numbers, they will be coming from that consortium.
JUDY WOODRUFF: And they — what they do is, they have, what, thousands of people who go out around the country and interview people after they have left the polls.
DOMENICO MONTANARO: That's right.
You will see about 100,000 people as part of the sample. And why that's really amazing is that, when you think about a normal national poll, there's about 1,000 people sampled, with about 3.5 percent margin of error.
You're talking about 100,000 people over the entire country, so much smaller margin of error when it comes to that. It would be every fourth person who leaves the exit polling place, an exit pollster would try to approach them and try to get them to take a questionnaire, fill it out and then that information is relayed back.
JUDY WOODRUFF: And, Domenico, we have heard so much this year about how big the early vote is, something like, what, 40-some million people voting early. How do they measure those votes, or absentee votes, for example?
DOMENICO MONTANARO: Well, when it comes to exit polling early voters, they will do a phone, a normal phone poll. So they will call a place like Washington state or Oregon or Colorado, where they do a lot of mail-only ballots, so that they can get demographic information to plug into the exit poll.
JUDY WOODRUFF: And then so those news organizations that are part of this, they're the ones, including the Associated Press, which we at the "NewsHour" will be relying on, they take that information, and then how do they turn that into a projected winner?
DOMENICO MONTANARO: And us at NPR, too, we should say, are relying on the Associated Press' calls.
What they do is they take three different things. They take historical data, they take the exit polls, and they take actual results. What they will do with exit polling information is, they will go into places that are barometer precincts, for example. And when they get some actual information or they get exit poll information that shows the direction of where that's headed, then they can make a call.
Now, I should say one thing. When you see a lot of the places that call a state with zero percent in or 1 percent in, it's very rarely that state that gets it wrong, because, historically, that's usually a state that's pretty far apart and the exit polls back it up.
JUDY WOODRUFF: In other words, a state that's been reliably Republican or reliably Democratic.
DOMENICO MONTANARO: Yes, like a New York or California or something.
JUDY WOODRUFF: And those are the states that we expect to be called as soon as the polls close, or very shortly after.
DOMENICO MONTANARO: That's right.
JUDY WOODRUFF: It's the ones where it's close where we will be waiting and waiting and maybe waiting.
DOMENICO MONTANARO: Right, in those states too close to call. And if they are too close to call, you're looking at later in the night, 11:00 at the very least most likely, because that's when it's been called in the last two elections.
JUDY WOODRUFF: We can't wait. We're all on the edge of our seats.
DOMENICO MONTANARO: It's almost over.
JUDY WOODRUFF: Domenico Montanaro, NPR, thank you so much.
DOMENICO MONTANARO: Thank you.