text:
What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
Cloning a form with existing Google Spreadsheet integration caused spreadsheet overwriteAsked by tracywongphoto on February 05, 2014 at 04:00 AM
First posted here: http://www.jotform.com/answers/326988-I-got-an-error-for-Google-Spreadsheets-integration-with-a-cloned-form?entrymessage=10732640770
But I was directed to start a new thread.
This was what happened:
1. I cloned form A with Google Spreadsheet integration to form B.
2. Without doing any changes to integration in form B, any answers from form B overwrote form A's results in the spreadsheet.
3. I went into form B's integration and it was already integrated, from cloning. I deactivated and reactivated.
4. Form A's integration no longer worked.
5. I had to go to form A and remove then reintegrate.
Can I request that once a form is cloned, all integrations are removed or refreshed so I don't have to go back and forth removing and reactivating integration?
JotForm Support
I was able to reproduced the issue with this.
You were right, the Google integration was not removed or refreshed every time you cloned a form with existing Google spreadsheet integration on it.
The resulting integrated google spreadsheet now becomes populated with submissions data coming from 2 different integrated forms (original and cloned version)
I will submit a ticket to our higher team support so that it can be investigated as soon as possible.
They will update this thread with the response as soon as they can.
Thank you.
The problem is fixed very recently. Please let us know if it still exists on your side.
Thank you very much for notifying us.
Kind regards


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300 A.D. : the Roman Sebastianus is exiled to a remote outpost populated exclusively by men. Weakened by their desires, these men turn to homosexual activities to satisfy their needs. However, Sebastianus becomes the target of lust for a homosexual centurion, but he rejects the man's advances.
Certainly not one for homophobes.
Visually striking (as is typical of Jarman), this film is best known for being the first film to be filmed entirely in Latin (The Holy Office (from Spain) in 1975 had some dialogue in Latin, but also Hebrew), and also for being Jarman's debut feature (he had worked on three pictures beforehand, including Ken Russell's The Devils, but this was his first directing job). As with most of Jarman's work, Sebastiane is very arthouse, and will rarely be played on television (Channel 4 here in the UK last played it a few years ago in a Jarman season). Next time it's on, do as I intend to do, and watch it.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Every time a Salman Khan movie releases the audiences always have 3 things to expect and i.e. Bhai ki style, Bhai ka Tashan and Bhai ka Jalwa! Salman is known for introducing trends in Bollywood, be it his shirtless look or his Firoza bracelet. They always end up being popularized amongst the youth. So here is a list of such trends that Salman has been initiating in Bollywood.
1. The shirtless look
'Pyaar Kiya To Darna Kya' a 1998 film starring Salman and this is the very film where Salman decided to launch the shirtless trend. Since then he has been spotted removing his shirt in every single film he has done till now.
2. Middle parting hairstyle
The 'Tere Naam' hairstyle became an instant rage among the Salman fans, be it the milkman or the watchman or for that matter a young college going student, everyone adorned that hairstyle and it became the new swag of the town.
3. Head scarf
After Salman played the role of a lifelong gangster and used the scarf as a head accessory, it became a style statement for many guys in town. Every other bike rider was seen wearing those scarves around their neck or on their head.
4. The Body guard ringtone
A perfect portrayal of how a Bodyguard behaves, along with the usage of Bluetooth and his famous ringtone. The ringtone was liked by so many that it had 1000's of download a day!
5. Aviators
Police Inspector 'Chulbul Pandey' is too rangeela to wear something mundane, Salman here introduced the Aviators look with those hearts in it. It was rather accepted by his fans as one more trend setter.
6. Black and White checked scarf
Such was the impact of this black and white scarf that everyone wanted to buy it, just to complete the look!
7. French beard
Salman was spotted with this new look after a long time. Since he never had this look earlier, it became so famous that almost all the barbers of the nation doubled up with clients wanting to get that beard.
8. Gada locket
Even before the movie 'Bajrangi Bhaijaan' is released, the new Gada pendant is admired. It has already started trending on online shopping websites and pre-orders are being placed for it!
9. Shaadi wala suit
The suits worn by Salman during the marriage of his elder brother in the movie had a great impact on the upcoming real life marriages, since everyone started getting stitched similar kind of suits!
10. Firoza bracelet
Even though Bhai is seen wearing this bracelet in almost all his movies but this particular movie, he was seen showing it off proudly. The movie is none other than 'Jai Ho'
And this is how Salman has always kept his movies fashionable and he can be rightfully called the trend setter of Bollywood.
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Shoddy science + shonky sums + sexism = the 'perfect breast' or Nuts latest attempt to get some publicity?
March 17th, 2007
Dr Petra
We're all getting used to PR companies using nonsense formula to get us to buy products, often with the support of experts who're either a bit dodgy or should know better.
Today I think I saw a formula for a campaign that wins the prize for the worst PR campaign to date, combining bad science, poor sums and sexism in one heady mixture.
It's from Nuts magazine – the ones who previously brought us 'man flu' as PR exercise, who in an attempt to get you to look at their current issue and shift more copies have commissioned a psychologist to show the formula for a 'perfect breast'.
Here's there press release…..
"Nuts Magazine Reveals the Formula for the Perfect Breast:
The Breast Factor = ((PT+C) x (FF + PP)/A) + N
* Science proves real boobs are better than fake
* Mathematical formula reveals that Sam Cooke beats Cheryl Cole & Kelly Brook to Best Boobs in the UK
For the first time ever Nuts magazine can exclusively reveal the perfect breast! Since Nuts launched in January 2004 the search has been on to find the ultimate bosom, after months of heated arguments and intense discussions the debate has finally been settled and the answer is….
((PT+C) x (FF + PP)/A) + N !
This scientific formula developed by renowned University Psychologist Dr. David Holmes examines pertness, sphericity, fullness/firmness, proportion, enhancement & nipple ratios to determine the ultimate breast. Now thanks to Nuts Magazine, women can work out how much of an asset there own 'assets' really are by following a simple grading system and working the scores into this formula!
Following years of debate Nuts magazine invited science to put an end to the argument and Dr David Holmes discovery is celebrated in this weeks issue with 'Britain's 50 Best Boobs'. Using the formula Nuts have scored fifty celebrities to uncover who has the most perfect breasts in the UK and can exclusively reveal that Page 3 idol newcomer, Sam Cooke tops of the list! Other celebs that make the top 10 include Cheryl Cole, Keeley Hazell and Kelly Brook.
Interestingly the top breasts are all natural proving that while surgically enhanced boobs may be increasingly popular they fail to make the grade according to Dr David Holmes' formula.
The factors in the equation are:
Pertness 'PT': This should aim towards being clearly 'pert', i.e. Gravity defying with the nipple pointing at 30 degrees from the vertical plane.
Sphericity 'S': Is how spherical the breasts are when seen from most angles with an absence of flat areas.
Fullness-firmness 'FF': This should give the impression of the breast swelling from the chest area clearly distinguished from the pectoral muscles and not having any sign of droop.
Proportion 'PP': Proportion is size in relation to the body that will distinguish the breast under clothing, provide a clear cleavage and leave both arms visible. Too small is easily detected but there is a fine line between good and too large.
The Natural/ Artificial factor 'A': There are no two ways about this – artificial implants make a breast seem good at a distance but not be good so natural is always best!
Nipple factor! 'N': Nipples need to be perfectly proportioned to the breast and firm enough to appear erect when at rest".
Notes to editors:
Dr. David Holmes has developed the below system for calculating the perfect breasts. Women should choose one from each of the factors below and insert the score into the formula to work out a final rating.
Scoring for the factors:
Select the nearest to your ratio
An un-risen Yorkshire pudding = 1
My nipple tends to point south = 2
Only slightly bigger at the bottom to be honest = 3
Sculpted helium filled and as if suspended on strings = 4
Which of these represents your breasts
They are as square as a cheese slice = 1
They are more naan bread than bap = 2
They are a bit longer than wide = 3
Like a perfect pair of pink grapefruits = 4
Firmness Fullness
Which best describes your breast firmness to the touch
It's a bit like handling a bicycle inner tube = 1
They handle like jelly in a whoopee cushion = 2
Firm but a little flat at the top = 3
Like full round jugs made of warm firm flesh = 4
Your breast proportion is like
They keep my tummy warm or They can just be seen in a bright light = 1
Small children shelter from the rain under them or Bit like enlarged Pectorals = 2
They look a bit big with my bra off? or They need a bra to look OK = 3
Symmetrical and occupy the 9″ in front of my chest and nowhere else = 4
Natural/ Artificial factor
Your breasts are:
Has silicone or other enhancement = 1
100% natural = 2
Nipple Factor
Which best describes your nipple shape
Kind of a pale spot = 1
It resembles a trodden on raisin = 2
Its rounded and firm but a bit flat = 3
Like a beautiful door stop at all times = 4
What your breast score means
How do my breasts score? You Are:
Perfection! = 22
Nearly there be proud to make page 3 = Over 15
You are average and look good so be proud = Over 10
Keep your clothes on! = Under 7
Good clothes can look great too = Under 5
Although this is obviously just a chance for Nuts magazine to shift copy with a 'lite' story there are more serious issues about this particular press release. Psychologists are bound by a code of ethics that includes our being transparent in our working practises and upholding high standards. There are issues raised about the conduct of any psychologist who appears to be speaking outside their area of expertise, expressing views that may seem biased or prejudicial (in this case arguably sexist), and who has responsibility working with students or the public where such views might indicate a person is not acting in a humane manner.
You can add to these more serious concerns questions over how much the psychologist in question was paid for the work for Nuts, whether their department or University was aware of this work (and happy about it) and whether it matches their existing skills base. Why was a psychologist picked to create/front a mathematical formula rather than a mathematician? If a psychologist was picked why did it appear to be one who is not necessarily qualified to speak on the physiology of the female body? You should also ask whether the psychologist created the 'perfect breast formula' or as more commonly happens in these PR exercises they simply signed up to one already created by the PR company. Finally, we know there is a wide range of evidence about how an increasingly sexualised culture is harming girls – which was produced by the American Psychological Association and all psychologists should be aware of*. What are the ethics of a psychologist who decides to ignore this evidence and promote a formula and magazine that arguably are harmful to young women? [Holmes, for the record, defends his 'perfect breast' and 'perfect bum' formulae as science communication].
One has to wonder what is going on when a psychologist feels it is acceptable to front a formula that doesn't account for the diversity of female physiology and is only really there to ensure a few more lads buy a magazine on the promise of seeing Britain's 50 'best boobs'.
* Update October 2012
Since writing more research and critical thinking about sexualisation has been undertaken. A summary of this can be found here.
Comments are closed.


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Before applying to join Lincoln's Inn as a Qualified Foreign Lawyer, you must first satisfy the Qualifications Committee of the Bar Standards Board (BSB) that you are qualified to join the Bar of England and Wales.
You are also advised to read the Bar Standard's Board's guidance notes before applying to join an Inn. You can find these and download an application form to join the Bar of England and Wales at the following link:
< Qualified Foreign Lawyers Application >
Next: Temporary Call to the Bar >
Previous: European Lawyers >


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Building Business Relationships with Key Players
Discuss the aspects of building relationships before you need them. Identify key players and what you can do to help them before you need their assistance. It is always easier to receive a favor after you have granted one. (300 words)
Solution Preview
It is best to start building relationships before you need these people. It is best to sustain these relationships as they are like living things they need to be kept alive and healthy. In order to sustain relationships, there are some aspects that need to be followed. One is by paying attention to people and checking them in once in a while. There is also a need to communicate openly by taking time to talk about important issues and this must be done regularly. The need to be appreciated is a basic need to keep relationships going. Appreciate others and make sure to let them know.
Extending oneself to accommodate the needs of others is also important. Volunteering for work in an ...
Solution Summary
The solution discusses the aspects of building relationships with key players. References are included.


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A Raman spectroscopic study of shock-wave densification of anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) glass
Structural modifications induced by shock-wave compression up to 40 GPa in anorthite glass are investigated by Raman spectroscopy. In the first investigation, densification increases with increasing shock pressure. A maximum densification of 2.2% is obtained for a shock pressure of 24 GPa. This densification is attributed to a decrease of the average ring size, favoring three-membered rings. The densification is much lower than in silica glass subject to shock at similar pressures (11%), because the T-O-T bond angle decrease is impeded in anorthite glass. For higher shock pressures, the decrease of the recovered densification is attributed to partial annealing of the samples due to high after-shock residual temperatures. The study of the annealing process of the most densified glass by in-situ high temperature Raman spectroscopy confirms that relaxation of the three-membered rings occurs above about 900 K.
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Pushpa Basnet – "I had a failure tag."
When I was in school, I didn't want to study. I went to a very good school, but culturally people think investing in girls' education is a loss. If my parents had invested on property, they'd have gotten a profit.
In school, I had a failure tag. It said I was no good at studies. It said things were not right with me. I was taught that I was a failure in my life.
I started working with kids to prove to myself that I was not a failure. Even to show my father that I was not a failure.
I remember taking a big school exam. Out of 138 students who gave the exam, I was the only one to fail it. For the first time in my life I saw my father cry. My father doesn't speak much. He likes to be by himself, and loves whatever he does. He's not close to me. I love him a lot. I respect him. Seeing him cry for the first time really made me sad.
The next year my poor little sister had to give the exam too. I failed one subject in math and she failed two subjects in math. We wanted desperately to prove, especially to our father, that investing on a girl's education is not wrong.
I don't know how I got into St. Xavier's College. It's one of the best colleges in Nepal. I studied social work because I didn't want to study math. It is the easier subject. You go to college for three days. Thursday and Friday you intern at a different organization. I thought that is the best subject for me to study. I used to study, come back, go to intern. In the second year, I was also kind of a rebel. I don't like being bullied, or seeing anyone else bullied.
There was this teacher, I still remember him. I had failed my school exam and whenever you went to the new class you had to introduce your self and reveal your grade, what subject you are, what math scores you had, etc.
When I said I gave this year's exam, automatically they knew I was a failure. I lost all year. This Sir said, "Oh my god, who gave you this address? You failed and you got through to this college?" I didn't say anything, but after that I could feel I was treated differently.
My friends were all strong in their studies and I was not. Maybe I wasn't as good looking as they were either. I didn't dress up. I was like who cares, you know? I don't care. My teacher started giving me problems. He made me fail every time, and whenever I asked him anything, he used to say, "Look who's asking all these things!"
One day I stood up to him and said, "If I fail, that means you are not capable of making me understand, right? Why can't you make a student understand?" He said, "Don't argue with me!" I said, "No. I have a right because my parents are paying money and you are getting a salary." That was it. He said, "Get out of the class!" I said, "No. I should not get out because my parents are paying and you are getting a salary." He was so bad, he said, "If you're not going to go, I'm going to go out." My friend said, "No, Pushpa, you should leave."
Then I came out and spoke to my parents. I always spoke with my parents. The first person in my life was my parents, my dad and my mom. If I made a mistake, if I smoke, if I drink, if I did anything, even if I went to disco- Anything I always told my parents. Even this thing with my teacher, I told my parents. My dad said, "Good! Good for him. Yes, he should know that I'm paying money! His salary isn't free!" Then within a week I was caught bunking [skipping] classes, because my friend's were there and we were all bunking classes. Of course the teacher only caught me. He said to me that, "Now I'm not going to leave you!"
So he called my mom, and he said, "You should come to school, your daughter ran away, and now she's outside the class in the gate." My mom said, "Okay, so that means my daughter was inside the school, then she went outside the school, right?" The teacher said, "Yes." My mom said, "Oh, that means your school security is not good!" My parents said, "The school security is not good, that's not my problem, that's your problem!" My teacher said, "See, the mother is so carefree, she doesn't care about her daughter, look at what is wrong with this daughter."
The next day they gave me a letter saying I was suspended for a year. I came back home and said, "Mom, I am suspended for a year." My dad was like, "Don't worry, next year you're going to start again."
I felt bad. I never wanted to go back. If I went back the following year, I would have to study with my junior friends, because now all my classmates were up a level. My dad was like, "If you don't go, all your life the school will say that we had this girl, we threw her out, she did this and that, and then they'll make a story." I was like, "Okay then" and I waited for a year.
During my break from school, I had a chance to visit the jail. I saw this girl. She was nine months old. When I saw her, I looked at my life. I have nice family, a good lifestyle, everything- but still I complain. There are other kids, who just because their parents are in prison, they don't have a choice. They have to live inside the prison. This realization made me feel like I should do something for these kids.
That's when we started a daycare system. Every morning we'd go into the prison, bring the children out to study, and then they'd go back into the prison.
In 2007, we started a residential home. We cared for two kids that had gone to another orphanage, but with terrible conditions. For them, I amended my constitution, and with two kids I started – now I have a total of 51 kids.
Through this, I learned failure is a success for anyone, and that taught me to work hard. I wanted to make my father feel his investment in me and my sister was not a wrong decision. That girls' education is definitely worth it. To show my father that we are equal to a son.
People don't care as much about girls. They send them to adoption, trafficking, these sorts of things. I think opportunity is for everyone. There is 100 percent profit, if you invest in girls. You need to empower girls to feel that they can believe in their dreams.
Following my dream and making it a reality is the most important thing I do.
Making sure the kids living behind prison bars have a better life so that tomorrow they can give it to somebody else. That's most important. Now, my dream is coming to reality soon- my Butterfly Home. Construction has taken almost sixteen months, but I've been devoted to this project for almost ten years. Butterfly Home is my passion. Seeing all these kids from different backgrounds living here with me, in our dream. That makes me really happy.
Since 2005, we lived in rented houses. Moving from one place to another 5 times. I remember wishing I owned a home, because I saw other people who had a house for their kids. During that time I always sketched. I'd think, "if I had any money …" and I would sketch my dream on paper. I never thought my sketch would come true. All I had was a paper sketch, but it came true.
To be continued…
1st part of the Pushpa Basnet interview series at The Butterfly Home in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Interviewed by Dawn Morningstar & Hung Tran
Find Pushpa here: Facebook. Early Childhood Development Center. The Butterfly Home.
Photo credit: Monique Nathan, ECDC, Kerstin Schulz, CNN & The Yoga Blog.
Endless gratitude to Monique Nathan and Barbara Freeman for helping The Yoga Blog. Namaste.


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Almond Shrimp with Amaretto Butter
Recipe by EdsGirlAngie
A fabulous, romantic dish for two - and it's quick and easy! I adapted the recipe from a Junior League of Lafayette, LA recipe; they say that it is the creation of Sous Chef Bryan Richard of Chez Marcelle. The original recipe calls for an entire stick of butter, but I think you'll agree that 3 tbsp. is plenty. If you like Amaretto, you'll love this! It can be served with angel hair pasta, but I like to eat it without so as not to interfere with the delicious flavors.
Top Review by kelly.lawver
I really liked the flavor of this dish! I used pre-cooked shrimp and marinated overnight. Doing it again I would probably use uncooked shrimp so some more of the amaretto can cook off. The result this time was a little too alcoholic tasting.
See Discussion:9 Reviews
Ingredients Nutrition
- 44.37 ml butter
- 1 medium onion, finely minced
- 453.59 g large shrimp, cleaned
- 118.29 ml amaretto liqueur
- 118.29 ml slivered almonds
- 2.46 ml salt
Directions See How It's Made
- Heat butter in skillet until golden brown, then saute onion in butter until translucent and barely browned.
- Add shrimp and saute about 5 minutes.
- Add amaretto, almonds and salt and cook on medium heat for another 4 to 5 minutes.
- Serve alone as an elegant appetizer, or over angel hair pasta as an entree.


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This is Noritz's horizontal hood for tankless water heater vent termination.
Product Compatible With
- Noritz NR981-SV
Home » Shop by Brand » Noritz » VT4-SH
Be The Expert: Receive Weekly How-To Tips & Specials
Shop for the Noritz Horizontal Hood Vent Termination - Stainless Steel at eComfort. Research Noritz 817000011499 water heater parts & accessories online. Find Noritz VT4-SH water heater parts & accessories features and specifications. Get the best deal; compare Noritz VT4-SH prices now. Buy the VT4-SH direct and save.


text:
You will be required to comply with this standard if you intend to produce or manufacture radiocommunication devices that use Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication (DECT) technology. This standard sets out the applicable performance and testing requirements for DECT equipment. The technical requirements of this standard are drawn from ETSI EN 301 406 Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT).
Please consult the Contact Officer for more information and to ascertain the level of compliance that may be required.
A code of practice can be either a legal requirement or non-legal requirement. Legal codes of practice are defined as a result of legislation. Non-legal codes of practice are defined by industry regulators and bodies.
Department of Communications and the ArtsAustralian Communications and Media AuthorityCommunications Infrastructure
Radiocommunications Act 1992 (Australian Government)
Radiocommunications (Digital Cordless Communications Devices - DECT devices) Standard
2007 (Australian Government)
Enquiries, Licensing
Department of Communications and the Arts
Australian Communications and Media Authority
Communications Infrastructure
Radiocommunications (Digital Cordless Communications Devices - DECT Devices) Standard 2007
The information contained on the Australian Business Licence and Information Service
(ABLIS) web site, or via packages or other sources is intended for general guidance
To the full extent permitted by law, the Federal, State, Territory and Local Governments
make no representations or warranties (expressed or implied) in relation to the
information, including its accuracy, currency or completeness.
The business information provided does not constitute professional or legal advice,
nor is the use of any third party resource an endorsement of the information contained,
the associated organisation, product or service. It is recommended that you obtain
appropriate professional and /or independent legal advice to ensure that the material
provided here is relevant to your particular circumstances.
To the full extent permitted by law the Federal, State, Territory and Local Governments,
their employees and agents do not accept any liability for any reason, including
without limitation, liability in negligence, to any person for the general information
which is provided herein, or in respect of anything, including the consequences
of anything done, or not done, by any such person in whole or partial reliance upon
the information.
We're here to help so get in contact if you are having difficulty finding the information you need.


text:
UPDATE:June 1-8th Possible Tropical Storm?
Well the storm is still there on 3 runs now. 18Z GFS, 00Z GFS and now the 06Z GFS. Now the storm slightly gets pushed back a few days, and the intensity varies but at this point of time we are not looking for that, we are merely looking for model consistency. The 06Z GFS Ensembles show this tropical storm or depression sitting in the Northern Caribbean. So the Ensembles support a storm coming out of there, but then it gets lost with where it will go from there. Track and intensity is something that you look out for 7 days out not 10-14. We just acknowledge that the chance is there. So bellow here are my thoughts of what will occur between the 1-8th for right now. I will have to see more runs and look at more factors later though. This is just based on current data. What you see in orange is my projected cone of effects. This i am giving a 40% chance of happening. Im basing it off of a blend of all 3 GFS model runs mentioned earlier in this post. Take care guys and I'll keep an eye on this. Another Possible Outcome is that this effects Florida and then hovers off the coast for a while. 18Z GFS and 06Z GFS agree with that thought as well as Eric here at weatheradvance.com. I give that a 40% chance as well.


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Suspected militants shot dead in Kenya
Five suspected militants have been shot dead in Kenya. Security forces say the men were trying to escape from near the scene of a massacre earlier this week. They were suspected of involvement in the crimes that left more than 65 people dead.
Source: PM | Duration: 3min 40sec
Topics: death, terrorism, kenya
NICK GRIMM: Five suspected militants have been shot dead in Kenya. Security forces say the men were trying to escape from near the scene of a massacre earlier this week. They were suspected of involvement in the crimes that left more than 65 people dead.
Confusion still reigns though as to just who is responsible for two massacres earlier this month.
Almost immediately the terrorist group Al Shabaab claimed responsibility but the Kenyan president is blaming local political networks.
Africa correspondent Martin Cuddihy is in the Kenyan capital Nairobi.
MARTIN CUDDIHY: In Australia, guns are not overt objects. Except for the police, you almost never see them in public.
In Kenya, firearms are everywhere. Guards at shopping centres lean on automatic rifles. Police roaming the streets carry compact submachine guns. If you know what to look for, there is a telling bulge on the belt under plenty of shirts - concealed pistols.
The security situation here is tense. In the past seven days it's become even more so because of the massacres in eastern Kenya.
This time last week, residents of Mpeketoni were living their lives in a coastal town without the same fear that exists in Nairobi and Mombasa, but not now.
MUPA DZOMBO (translated): Our expectation here is that the government will provide us with security because we cannot sleep in our houses. We are living in fear and our men are being killed. We don't know what to do.
MARTIN CUDDIHY: No one knows what to do and no one knows who to blame.
Al Shabaab released a statement claiming responsibility for the massacres. Part of it reads: "Commandos have carried out a successful raid on the town of Mpeketoni leaving behind a trail of destruction and scores dead."
It was as everyone expected.
But the comments of Kenya's president have caused confusion.
In a televised national address, Uhuru Kenyatta started by dismissing the involvement of the Somali-based Islamists.
UHURU KENYATTA: The attack in Lamu was well planned, orchestrated and politically motivated ethnic violence with the intention of profiling and evicting them for political reasons. This, therefore, was not an Al Shabaab terrorist attack.
MARTIN CUDDIHY: There is some scepticism over whether what he said is true or not.
Firstly, Al Shabaab claimed the attacks quickly as is their usual style, and secondly, the government has been under significant opposition pressure recently.
The opposition has been holding mass rallies across Kenya trying to force the government to negotiate on a number of different fronts.
Uhuru Kenyatta's comments are widely seen as a swipe at the Opposition leader, Raila Odinga. There is now a charged political atmosphere here.
Memories are still fresh of the tribal clashes in 2007. More than 1,000 people were killed then in post election violence.
Supporters of the president and the opposition are largely divided along tribal lines. So if this rhetoric and these rallies continue, ethnic tensions will escalate even further.
Muslim clerics are already calling for calm because they're worried a sectarian conflict is the next step.
In Kenya religion and tribe pay a big part in identity. It only took a disputed election for widespread and brutal violence to flare up six years ago. It's not too hard to imagine it happening again.
In Nairobi, this is Martin Cuddihy for PM.


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Entry requirements
Relevant BEng Degree with First, or Second Class (Upper Division)Honours or equivalent overseas qualification. Applicants with marginally lower qualifications will be considered for the Postgraduate Diploma in the first instance. Applicants with other qualifications will be considered on an individual basis.
Months of entry
Course content
This programme was developed following an increase in demand for design engineers who can design and assess new ships and offshore structures. It is designed for graduate engineers or those from related disciplines who will be introduced to ultimate strength, fatigue and design concepts for structural components of ships and offshore floating systems. The programme will provide students with knowledge of material behaviour together with factors influencing the dynamic behaviour of offshore installations.
Fees and funding
MSc and Diploma students from Scotland and non-UK EU countries may be able to get fees-only support from the Student Awards Agency for Scotland (www.saas.gov.uk). In addition there are a limited number of scholarships from industry including BP and Lloyd's Register. Applications should be made to the Department in the first instance.
For more information on Scholarships and Funding visit our webpage :- http://www.strath.ac.uk/search/scholarships/index.jsp
Qualification and course duration
Course contact details
- Name
- Postgraduate Taught Admissions
- firstname.lastname@example.com
- Phone
- +44 (0)141 548 4094
- Fax
- +44 (0) 141 552 2879


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The Bay of Quinte Remedial
Action Plan is looking for volunteer citizen scientists to help locate and
monitor Osprey's nests around the Bay of Quinte. The goal is to establish a
long-term monitoring program to ensure the Osprey population remains healthy
and abundant.
This pilot project utilizes
21st Century Social Media and Geo-Location technologies to help
preserve our cherished habitat. Citizen scientists are being challenged to use
their smart phones to capture details about Osprey that include: nest
locations, whether the nest is active or not, the number of fledglings and
departure dates for the fall migration. It's a simple process to report on.
Citizen Scientist findings utilizing a standard smart phone. First ensure that
"location settings" are activated on the phone, then using Twitter, and the
hashtags #bqrap and #quinteosprey post your photos or comments. Make sure that you
complete your post from the nest site, otherwise the post will not be
accurately located. Now, you are a citizen scientist!
Why monitor ospreys?
Because Ospreys eat fish almost exclusively,
they are considered a sentinel species,
serving as indicators of water quality health. Changes in number of nesting
pairs and number of chicks produced and fledged can reflect changes in aquatic
ecosystem health.
Once, the widespread use of DDT brought these great
raptors to the brink of extinction. But with a ban, in the 1970s, on this toxic
pesticide and the efforts of federal and provincial governments, conservation
authorities and groups, and individuals the Ospreys have made a dramatic comeback.
The return of this top predator to the Bay of
Quinte and their successful nesting is a sign of a healthy ecosystem.
The Bay of Quinte Remedial Action Plan is in the
process of changing the status of several of the fish and wildlife environmental
challenges identified for the Bay to unimpaired. One way the public can help
maintain healthy and diverse fish and wildlife populations and habitat is by
participating as citizen scientists.
the nest sites throughout the season and post comments and photos of the birds
for everyone to enjoy.
contact Sarah Midlane-Jones, Bay of Quinte Remedial Action Plan, 613-394-3915 ext.
214, firstname.lastname@example.com
Gunning, Quinte Conservation, 613-968-3434 ext. 106,
A Summer of Science on the Bay.
Follow as we highlight our partner agencies this summer.
1. Quinte Conservation
2. Environment and Climate Change Canada (EC)
3. Coastal Wetland Monitoring
4. EC and Canadian Centre for Inland Waters
5. Fisheries and Oceans Canada
6. Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry
Landowner Stewardship Programs - Spring is just around the
corner. Time to start thinking about projects around your property -
livestock fencing, shoreline naturalization, etc. Check out all the funding programs Here.....
Septic Stewardship Program... More Info Find out if you are eligible for a free septic tank pump out and up to 80% cost sharing for minor repairs.
Healthy Soils Check-up Program - Farmers you could be eligible for FREE soil testing. More Info....
BQRAP July 2017 newsletter
This newsletter covers: Summer Science, Beaches, Shoreline funding
BQRAP Annual Report 2016 - see what the RAP accomplished in 2016
Blue-Green Algae ...
More Info
2017 desktop calendars ...Here Enjoy a new photo with a monthly calendar
Ontario's Great Lakes Strategy - More here
Great Lakes Protection Act - Here
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BAY OF QUINTE REMEDIAL ACTION PLAN :: 714 Murray Street, R.R. 1 Trenton, Ontario :: website design by ReVue Design :: powered by QwikEdit
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Product Highlights
This product may contain mercury. Consult your local environment authorities for regulations regarding how to properly dispose of products containing mercury.
You Pay: $9.90
The single-bay F1 Li-Ion Battery/USB Charger from Nitecore provides an all-in-one charging solution for many commonly-used cylindrical rechargeable batteries. Ideal for use on the go, you may use solar panels or any 5V USB source for power. It is compatible with lithium-ion and IMR 26650, 18650, 17670, 18490, 17500, 17335, 16340 (RCR123), 14500, and 10440 batteries. The base automatically detects the needs of each battery inserted and determines the correct charge for it. When a charged battery is inserted in the unit, it can function as a power bank, transferring power to another USB device.
Additionally, it will set the charging mode to optimize the battery charge: constant voltage, constant current, or trickle-charge. Power and charging status LEDs clearly show the progress of each battery, and over-charge protection circuitry cuts the charging current to prevent damage to the battery. Gold-plated contacts help increase power transfer and reduce corrosion.
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|1.1 oz / 30.3 g (without cord)
|Packaging Info
|Package Weight
|0.1 lb
|Box Dimensions (LxWxH)
|4.409 x 1.89 x 0.1"


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This week Jason Sparks Live has a very special episode for you. Joey D and Johnny V from AmericanMuscleHunks team up with Scott DeMarco, Brogan Reed and Joshua James from the JasonSparks Nationwide Road Trip in Chicago. First up the guys do a bit of sightseeing around the Windy City but it's way too cold and too windy to be outside so it's not long before the five of them are naked and hard as they suck and rim each other is a pile of exceptionally fine masculine physiques!
Duration: 20mn 59s 264ms Length: 333 MiB
Video: AVC at 2 000 Kbps, 1280 x 720
Audio: AAC at 128 Kbps, 44.1 KHz
Download from:


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Wedding Flavoring And Creme Bouquet The Same?
Decorating By cakeladydi Updated 1 May 2008 , 7:36pm by cassi_g16
I thought they were probably about the same. I used the same amount as Sugar Shack uses in her video on YouTube (I think it was 4Tbsp) making her buttercream. It seemed pretty strong. I am going to try it again today and cut it back to 2 Tbsp.
Any suggestions?
No, they are not the same.
Thanks Jennifer!
Nope not the same... the wedding cake flavor has more of an almond flavor to it. I cut my flavoring back as well I only use 3 tbsp.. I love the Wedding flavor! better than cream bouquet.
Glad I found this thread. I just received my wedding bouquet in the mail yesterday and it smelled very similar to the creme bouquet that I already have. Haven't tried it yet but if it is more of an almond flavor - YUM!!!
You are going to love it awolf24! I am ordering more today!! I went through 32 oz just like that! I also started adding it to my mmf and everyone just loves it! I didn't measure prob only 1/2 tsp. Its pretty concentrated. Try it you'll like it!
Where did you order your wedding bouquet from.
B&B Cakes and Supplies
I am not sure but I believe I read somewhere that creme boquet is equal parts vanilla, almond, and butter flavoring. Not sure about wedding boquet


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Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
I'm separated, moved out of the house and going through divorce, I have not signed the papers yet but I need to renew my green card within a month. Will using a different address affect my application proccess?
You need to be truthful about everything on any immigration form that you file. The fact that you and your soon to be ex-wife are separated and going through a divorce makes your case more complicated but not impossible. If your wife is willing to sign the I-751 she should and you should timely file it. If the divorce becomes final during while the application is pending you would need to notify USCIS immediately. There is case law which stated that even if the parties are separated a joint petition can be filed as the present viability of a marriage is not an issue in the adjudication of a Petition to Remove the Conditions on Residence. Either way this is certainly a case where you need a lawyer.Ask a similar question
This is a repost. See my previous answer the same question below.
Behar Intl. Counsel 619.234.5962 Kindly be advised that the answer above is only general in nature cannot be construed as legal advice, given that not enough facts are known. It is your responsibility to retain a lawyer to analyze the facts specific to your particular situation in order to give you specific advice. Specific answers will require cognizance of all pertinent facts about your case. Any answers offered on Avvo are of a general nature only, and are not meant to create an attorney-client relationship.Ask a similar question
Post a free question on our public forum.Ask a Question
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You guys literally i feel like i love him, a LOT. we knew each other only for about 3 weeks but he claims to love me too. It's so weird i don't know if i'm just older and more mature or that he really has made me want to be faithful. I've been faithful in my last relationships but i did use to flirt with a lot of other guys and had a lot of guy friends, but now he's literally the only guy i talk to. It's so weird for me, he's making me super clingy and i've NEVER been clingy before, my longest relationship was 2 years and another was a year and a half, he makes me feel completely different, special, beautiful, wanted, desired. ugh i guess this is more of a rant than anything just wanted to get it off my chest.
Most Helpful Guy
Yes it's possible. You need to give it more time to find out for sure though. See if you feel the same way six months from now, or a year from now.
I know a couple who got married two weeks after they met. Here's the catch, neither one spoke the other's language. But somehow they fell in love and got married. They've been married over 30 years now. Of course that's extremely unusual and not recommended, but it happens.11|00|0
Most Helpful Girl
Before you fall too hard, stop and remember this painfully true phrase: "People fall out of love for the same reasons they fall in love."11|00|0


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The Junior Youth Group for young people in grades 6-8 meets during the 9am worship service. Our focus this year is world religions. We're using the title Neighboring Faiths, the name of a Unitarian Universalist program published in 1996, but we're weaving in some strands from a second UU program called Building Bridges. And we're tailoring the combination into a composite that meets Allen Avenue's needs.
Neighboring Faiths is an important program, made more so by the religious misunderstanding and intolerance rampant in today's world. We hope all our 6th, 7th, and 8th grade youth will be with us on Sunday mornings and for the visits we occasionally schedule to other religious institutions. Those visits cannot all be on Sunday mornings, but we'll do our best to make them convenient. By the way, we may need some extra drivers to help with those visits. Once the dates are set, we'll pass the word and hope some parents can sign on.
We understand the many demands on the time of today's youth and families – homework and sports and sleepovers and relaxation and more. We also know that the Our Whole Lives program to be offered this year for middle school youth will mean even more church time for some youth. But we and the leaders of OWL will all do our best to make that time rich and rewarding for all who are there.
The Junior Youth Group program for grades 6-8 is offered during the 9am worship service. Youth begin in their program space at 9am.
Youth are welcome to begin attending the program at any time during the year. If a youth is attending for the first time, please have an adult accompany the youth to the program space and fill out a brief registration form with the program volunteer.
Please contact the Director of Religious Education for more information.
Learning about Burundi
At Allen Avenue Unitarian Universalist Church, Senior Youth Group is open to all youth in their high school years. We intend that all teens involved find a safe and welcoming space for social interaction and spiritual development. It is a place where youth deepen relationships with one another, increase their understanding of UU values, build community, and establish long-lasting friendships as well as a lifelong connection to UU-ism.
SYG is primarily youth-led, with four adult co-leaders who help them design and facilitate a number of activities. The program balances discussion of personal and current events with learning about Unitarian Universalism, engaging in service projects, planning youth-led worship, and having lots of fun.
Every Sunday morning from 9:00 to 10:15 a.m., at least two of the team of four adult volunteers meet with the youth to facilitate interactions. This year, we will be preparing a Lesson for All Ages and an end-of-year service for the entire church, as well as decorating the youth space and organizing a weekend Senior Youth Group retreat in addition to the activities listed above.
The dedicated volunteer leaders are always available to speak with parents. We all enjoy our weekly interactions with A2U2's young people!
The Senior Youth Group program for grades 9-12 is offered during the 9am worship service. Youth begin in their program space at 9am.
Please contact the Director of Religious Education for more information, email@example.com
For our older youth and young adults, our church is fortunate to have been given a grant to offer funding to pursue a long-term project offering service to humankind.
Read more about the Audrey B. Seale Service Program for more information!


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OK....I'm looking at prices, and sweating this out. Everyone is saying go with a quad core processor. So IF I upgrade that, more than likely I have to upgrade the mother board as well.
So with my EMachine, what parts can I reuse? I'm trying to reuse all I can.
I'm thinking the DVD Drive is ok, the 750 GB Hardrive, the 6GB of RAM, the soundcard, the Ethernet Card, the wireless (Not Emachine) mouse and the PS2 keyboard as well as my ACER monitor and my Logitech 5.1 Surround Sound speakers. I may or may not have to get a copy of Windows 7. I'm thinking I can use my EMachine disks for that.
So that leaves me with needing the Quad Core Processor, the mother board, Video Card and Power Supply and maybe a new copy of Windows 7 right?
Oh the case? Can I use it or do I need a new one?


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Breast cancer survivor offers wisdom at Faulkner satellite center
Call 877-422-3324 today to make an appointment
Make your appointment or second opinion with Dana-Farber today to meet with an onsite specialist.
Adult Patients:877-442-3324
Pediatric Patients:888-733-4662
Can't get to Boston? Explore our Online Second Opinion service to get expert advice from Dana-Farber oncologists.
Email Dana-Farber
Main Number617-632-3000
Toll-Free Number866-408-DFCI (3324)
Discover the ways to give and how to get involved to support Dana-Farber.
Poet Richard Fox gains insight – and material – through cancer treatment
A family faces cancer in an unfamiliar city – with help
Choosing mastectomy or not: Studying young women's surgical choices
Jeff's targeted therapy has kept his advanced lung cancer at bay.
September is Ovarian Cancer Awareness Month. Ovarian cancer forms in the tissues of the ovary and can be fatal if not detected early. According to the American Cancer Society, ovarian cancer ranks fifth in cancer deaths among women, but accounts for more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system. In 2012, nearly 21,500 will be diagnosed and approximately 15,500 women will die. If the cancer is detected early, the five-year survival rate is greater than 90%.
Each year, the Massachusetts based Ovarian Cancer Awareness Coalition comes together to alert women about the symptoms and warning signs of ovarian cancer. The Ovarian Cancer Awareness Coalition is made up of leading government agencies, non-profits and medical professionals who are at the forefront of educating the public about this often deadly disease. This year's members include the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center and the M. Patricia Cronin Foundation.
"Symptoms of ovarian cancer are often confused with other ailments. Education and awareness are critical to survival. We want women to know that this is a cancer that can be beaten if detected early," explained Nancy Farrell, President of the M. Patricia Cronin Foundation.
Recent research suggests that together the four symptoms of: bloating, pelvic or abdominal pain, difficulty eating or feeling full quickly and urinary urgency or frequency may be associated with ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer symptoms may also include: a feeling of fullness in the pelvic or abdominal region, gas, nausea, indigestion, constipation, diarrhea, menstrual disorders, pain during intercourse, fatigue and backaches.
This year's statewide educational effort will include television advertisements, an interactive webcast and a grassroots effort specifically designed to generate awareness about detection and prevention of ovarian cancer. Those interested in learning more about ovarian cancer will be encouraged to visit the Coalition's web site at www.ovariancancerawareness.org. The web site links to all partner organizations and offers critical information about this disease.
"We are learning more each day about ovarian cancer. Boston medical professionals are at the forefront of research and clinical trials. Research drives progress. Collectively we must actively support research and advocacy so that we can continue our progress in fighting this disease," said Dr. Ursula Matulonis, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center.
Ovarian cancer is treated at the Gynecologic Cancer Treatment Center at Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center.
(In Photo from Left to Right – Donna Walthall, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Nancy Farrell, M. Patricia Cronin Foundation, Alexi Wright, MD, MPH, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Senate President Therese Murray, Cheryl Bartlett, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Anne Tonachel, Ovarian Cancer Survivor.)


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Turkey Tacos
READY IN: 40mins
Recipe by ratherbeswimmin
Rachael Ray
Top Review by bricookie55
These were really delicious! I made them in almost no time flat, and the flavor was outstanding. One thing I did differently was use taco sauce in place of the tomato sauce, and we really loved it that way. I could see this becoming my standard way of preparing tacos. No taco mix packets for us anymore! Thanks for posting.
Ingredients Nutrition
- 8 super-size taco shells (Old El Paso or Ortega brands)
- 2 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
- 1 1⁄3 lbs ground turkey
- salt
- fresh ground black pepper
- 2 teaspoons poultry seasoning
- 3 garlic cloves, minced
- 1 medium onion, chopped
- 1⁄4 cup golden raisin, chopped
- 2 tablespoons chili powder
- 2 teaspoons cumin
- 1⁄2 cup beer or 1⁄2 cup chicken broth
- 1 cup tomato sauce
- 2 cups shredded monterey jack pepper cheese
- 1 romaine lettuce hearts, shredded
- 2 firm plum tomatoes, diced
- 1⁄2 cup green pimento stuffed olive, chopped
- 1 cup salsa verde (or your choice of salsa)
Directions See How It's Made
- Preheat the oven to 375°; place 8 large taco shells on a rimmed baking sheet and bake 6-7 minutes or until crisp but not brown; remove from oven.
- Meanwhile, heat a large nonstick skillet over med-high heat.
- Add in the olive oil; then add in the turkey and break up with a wooden spoon.
- Season the meat with salt, pepper, and poultry seasoning.
- Add in the garlic, onions, and raisins; then season with the chili powder and cumin.
- Cook 5 minutes, then stir in the beer and deglaze the pan.
- Stir in the tomato sauce and simmer on low heat for 5 minutes.
- Fill the shells with a couple spoonfuls each of meat sauce; top with the cheese and return to the oven to melt, 3 minutes.
- Top with the lettuce, tomatoes, olives, and salsa verde; serve.


text:
Here in this painting, I wanted to do the beast walking through the city just squashing everything to rubble, from a pilots view point. Im liking the comp on this one and will continue to work on it till satisfaction.
At this stage Im still fleshing it out a bit,aircraft and buildings are only about 50% done.


text:
Usualele EP
...As It Goes: Songs From FAWM 2017
Catherine Wheel
Four Loose Leaves EP
Blackbirds Banquet: Songs From FAWM 2016
Ahead Full Of Steam
Book Of Small Hours
Allsorts Vol. 1
Conditions Apply: Demos From FAWM 2014
The Rockpool Files
Homecooked: Songs From FAWM 2013
50-90-2012 Vol 2
50-90-2012 Vol. 1
Waiting On The Hill: An Anthology 2000-2010
...amid the winter snow...
Tim and Joy Walker
Gateway Suite
Soundtracks Vol. 1
My Own Song For Christmas
TA Walker UK
Guitarist/multi-instrumentalist, composer and songwriter, often with "electronica" and "prog" inclinations. Will that do?
Streaming and Download help


text:
What are your opening times?
Monday: 9.00am - 5.30pm
Tuesday: 9.00am - 5.30pm
Wednesday: 9.00am - 5.30pm
Thursday: 9.00am - 5.30pm
Friday: 9.00am - 5.30pm
Saturday: 9.00 am - 6.00 pm
Sunday: 11.00am - 5.00 pm
What is your postal/email address?
Fenwick Windsor
10-11 King Edward Court
How do I get to the store?
Fenwick Windsor is located in King Edward Court in the centre of the town. Easily reached from junction 6 of the M4. Frequent rail services from London Waterloo and London Paddington.
Can I park nearby?
Car parks are at King Edward Court, Alma Road, Alexandra Gardens and Victoria Street.
How do I apply for a Fenwick store card?
Visit Customer Services on the ground floor, bringing with you two forms of identification, e.g. a valid passport and a credit card. It will take approximately two weeks to process your application. Queries: 01753 855537. Click here for more information
Do you sell gift cards/vouchers?
Yes. Fenwick Gift Cards can be purchased on every floor. Gift Cards are available from £1 upwards. Please ask a member of staff for details. Click here for more information
What is your Returns Policy?
We refund with a receipt, full price goods within 28 days and reduced goods within 7 days. The goods must be in a saleable condition. For hygiene reasons we do not accept returns of cosmetics, fragrance, jewellery, hosiery and hats. This does not affect your statutory rights.
I am unable to return my goods to the store; what should I do?
We always suggest you bring the items back to the store in person but we understand in some cases this may not be possible. To return the goods please send them recorded delivery with a covering letter and proof of purchase as we cannot be held accountable for goods lost in transit. Providing the goods comply with our refund policy we will be happy to refund you in the same way as the original tender with the exception of cash refunds, in which case a gift card will be issued.
How do I obtain a VAT refund?
Providing you live outside the EU and are planning to take your purchases out of the EU within three months, visit Customer Services on the ground floor to fill in a VAT form. You'll need to spend a total of £50 or more to qualify for a VAT refund. The form must be completed in store and not at Customs. On leaving the UK you must be prepared to show Customs your purchases. They will validate your form, your refund will be issued either in cash (up to the value of £1400) or directly onto your card or into your bank. A fee is chargeable by the VAT refund service provider.
Do you have baby changing facilities?
There are no baby changing facilities in store but baby changing facilities are available in the King Edward Court Shopping Centre.
What facilities do you have for the disabled?
Easy accessibility including a lift and a disabled toilet.
Do you offer beauty treatments in store?
Yes. Click here for details of our spa services.
Where is lost property?
If an item is found in store it will be passed to Customer Services on the ground floor. Enquiries: 01753 855537.
Do you have any job vacancies?
Click here for careers information
Can you add me to your mailing list?
Of course. Please click here to subscribe.
How do I make a complaint?
Please speak directly to the department regarding your concern and they will be happy to help. If for any reason you remain dissatisfied please speak to the Duty Manager or call customer services on 01753 855537.


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Sadly i chose past. So many good memories in the ole days ☺☺☺
- PastVote A
- PresentVote B
- FutureVote C
Most Helpful Girl
Future. Past has some good and bad, but I wouldn't mind keeping it the same. Present is extremely stressful.11|00|0
I am sorry to hear that. If you'd like to talk, I live a stress free life 85% of the time, maybe I can be of some use.
Thank you, but I think the most stressful parts will subside within the next couple of months.


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Parametric Rietveld refinement
- Authors
- Journal
- Journal of Applied Crystallography 0021-8898
- Publisher
- International Union of Crystallography
- Publication Date
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Identifiers
- DOI: 10.1107/s0021889806043275
- Source
- Legacy
- Keywords
In this paper the method of parametric Rietveld refinement is described, in which an ensemble of diffraction data collected as a function of time, temperature, pressure or any other variable are fitted to a single evolving structural model. Parametric refinement offers a number of potential benefits over independent or sequential analysis. It can lead to higher precision of refined parameters, offers the possibility of applying physically realistic models during data analysis, allows the refinement of 'non-crystallographic' quantities such as temperature or rate constants directly from diffraction data, and can help avoid false minima.


text:
jQuery UI is a curated set of user interface interactions, effects, widgets, and themes built on top of the jQuery JavaScript Library. Whether you're building highly interactive web applications or you just need to add a date picker to a form control.
iOS Safari instructions for mobile web apps
This site uses the viewport meta tag which means the content may be optimized for mobile content.
The Apache HTTP Server is an open-source HTTP server for modern operating systems including UNIX, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS/X and Netware. The goal of this project is to provide a secure, efficient and extensible server that provides HTTP services observing the current HTTP standards. Apache has been the most popular web server ...
Google Apps is a cloud-based productivity suite that helps you and your team connect and get work done from anywhere on any device. It's simple to setup, use and manage, allowing you to work smarter and focus on what really matters.
The DOCTYPE is a required preamble for HTML5 websites.
Websites using https protocol.
UTF-8 (8-bit UCS/Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode. It is the preferred encoding for web pages.
Wesites using favicon rel tag
The http-equiv attribute provides an HTTP header for the information/value of the content attribute. The http-equiv attribute can be used to simulate an HTTP response header.
When running in a browser on a mobile phone, "format-detection" meta tag determines whether or not telephone numbers in the HTML content will appear as hypertext links. The user can click a link with a telephone number to initiate a phone call to that phone number.
Typekit is the easiest way to use real fonts on the web. It's a subscription-based service for linking to high-quality Open Type fonts from some of the worlds best type foundries.


text:
Question: Measurement Suppose a firm purchases treasury stock but pays an
Measurement Suppose a firm purchases treasury stock but pays an amount significantly larger than the market value of the stock. Describe the appropriate accounting for the treasury stock.
View Solution:
View Solution:
Answer to relevant QuestionsCross-Reference Variable interest entities (VIEs) are discussed in FASB InterpretationList all the topics in the Codification where this information can be found (i.e., ASC XXX). On January 1, 2011, Pat Company purchased 90% of the outstanding common stock of Solo Company for $236,000 cash. The balance sheet for Pat Company just before the acquisition of Solo Company stock, along with the ...On a consolidated workpaper for a parent and its partially owned subsidiary, the noncontrol ling interest column accumulates the noncon trolling interests' share of several account balances. What are these accounts?A principal limitation of consolidated financial statements is their lack of separate financial information about the assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses of the individual companies included in the consolidation. ...Percy Company purchased 80% of the outstanding voting shares of Song Company at the beginning of 2009 for $387,000. At the time of purchase, Song Company's total stockholders' equity amounted to $475,000. Income and ...
Post your question


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Price: $2.99
(1 Review)
Quantity pricing to $0.99
Price: $2.99
(3 Reviews)
Quantity pricing to $0.99
Price: $9.99
(2 Reviews)
Quantity pricing to $6.99
Dallas, Texas
5 Stars
I would recommend this item to a friend.
Very awsesome
February 6, 2017
I wanted something nice to wear for HIV awareness. The materiel is very strong. I will be ordering more
Joshua Mohr
Carthagena, Ohio
5 Stars
I would recommend this item to a friend.
Thank you!
March 14, 2015
Great product, great shipping, great customer support!
Excellent prices, fast delivery. Thank you for carrying exactly what I was looking for. Very ... read more


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A history of the 459 Squadron RAAF 1942-1945. Presenting a clear picture of life in an operational Middle East squadron during the Second World War. Formed in Egypt in February 1942, the 459 squadron was initially equipped with Hudson aircraft and later converted to Venturas and Baltimores. Its operations ranged from anti-submarine and convoy escort patrols, including the sinking of U-97, to highly dangerous low level anti-shipping strikes and formation bombing raids. Operating from the inhospitable desert landing grounds of North Africa, the air and ground crews endured extremes of heat, sandstorms and floods.
Hard cover, illustrated, 528 pages.


text:
Your Photographic Adventure
What makes a compelling photobook? There is a home for most photography projects provided that the photographer has the dedication, training, and patience to find it. The path that leads from the photographer's vision to a completed publication can be daunting, and from the aspect of the collector, deciding which publications to add to your collection can be overwhelming.
That is where I come in. I work with both emerging and established artists – using my 20 years of experience – to refine their personal vision to see through the publication. For those who have completed a body of work and are hoping to put their project in the world through a photobook, I can offer advice on what steps to take next, from preparing proposals and negotiating contracts to fundraising and distribution.
Photobook Collectors
My experience in collection development provides an invaluable perspective in refining your photobook collection no matter the foundation upon which it is founded. Whether based upon the art and design of the book as an object, amassing the works of classic or contemporary artists, or genre-specific interests, I work with you to research and refine the strategic development of your collection.


text:
What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
cannot copy html to insert form into XaraAsked by Scienceposters on December 16, 2013 at 10:02 AM
Not sure if this is a jotform issue or a Xara issue but I suddenly cannot copy and paste the code to insert a form into Xara Designer ProX9 - really weird. I've raised a ticket on the Xara support forums too, and can get around it by typing in the code (!) but obviously being able to copy and paste is what needs to be fixed. Can you help at all?
I've managed to solve this myself - it was my new AV (Webroot) which was blocking it.....!


text: When upgrading the AC to 1.3.0 i got failure, constant beep from gimbal after about 25 minutes. Restarted the AC to upgrade again, no upgrade started and it seems like the upgrade went through ok anyway. Continued with RC and no error. Everything says latest firmware and first flight had no problem at all. Anyone seen this before? Should i worry thats something isn't right?


text:
"Excellent service"
About: Royal Oldham Hospital Royal Oldham Hospital Oldham OL1 2JH
Posted by rick beswick
I went into the orthopaedic department this morning (23rd april) was greeted with warm smiling faces that instantly put me at ease. I was going in for an operation under my surgeon, who has been great throughout. My surgeon performed a core decompression on my hip and stem cell thing?? Cannot fault anything from my experience, the physio was really good and staff nurse was brilliant and really on the ball. Was slightly delayed in the theatre reception and staff there were great too right down to the volunteer worker. Absolutely fantastic oldham royal and especially the staff in orthopaedic ward t7 annex your all diamond's. I thank you.
Response from Royal Oldham Hospital 2 years ago
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This essay will address areas of liver stem/progenitor cell studies in which consensus has emerged and in which controversy still prevails over consensus, but it will also highlight important themes that inevitably should be a focus of liver stem/progenitor cell investigations in coming years. Thus concepts regarding cell plasticity, the existence of a physiological/anatomic stem cell niche, and whether intrahepatic liver stem/progenitor cells comprise true stem cells or progenitor cells (or both) will be approached in some detail.
- liver
- progenitor cells
why "emergent themes of liver stem cell biology?" In part, of course, because the topics briefly addressed in this essay are those that are currently emerging in the study of liver stem/progenitor cells (LSPC). But it is also intended in a technical sense, as the emergent self-organization that arises from complex adaptive systems: describing evolving concepts arising within the stem cell field as a whole, as well as the emergence of liver tissue arising from all of the cells and signaling processes that the liver comprises. But this is just a teaser–emergence and complex systems will not, in fact, be a focus of this essay; for that, I would point you to other sources (7, 19). But even those areas covered here to a fuller degree, are still just touched on, as pointers, to whet the appetite of people for whom liver regeneration is either of practical interest or a passion.
This essay will therefore address areas of LSPC studies in which consensus has emerged and in which controversy still prevails over consensus, but it will also highlight important themes that will inevitably be a focus of LSPC investigations in coming years. Thus concepts regarding cell plasticity, the existence of a physiological/anatomic stem cell niche, and whether LSPC comprise true stem cells or progenitor cells (or both) are approached in some detail.
There is little argument today that there are facultative LSPC in the liver. These cells largely arise from the biliary tree, primarily from the most proximal branches, in particular, it seems, from the canals of Hering (23). Confirmation of this fact has been found in anatomic studies and in ex vivo investigations in which such cells are manipulated to develop into both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, thereby experimentally demonstrating bipotentiality (15).
This may be all that is readily agreed on by researchers in the field. There are, for example, other locations for LSPC (4). An even more fundamental question yet to be fully addressed is whether the LSPC harbored within the biliary tree fulfill the criteria to be called true "stem cells" or whether they are merely "progenitor cells." There are essentially two requirements for a cell to be displaying "stemness": that they are are self-renewing and pleuripotent. The in vivo self-renewal capacity of LSPC has not yet been completely documented as they have for other organ systems, such as the bone marrow, skin and adnexal structures, and gastrointestinal tract. The pleuripotency, though, seems generally accepted: these are hepatobiliary cells that can give rise to either hepatocytes or cholangiocytes depending on the presence of injury or on manipulations in culture.
Stem cell self-renewal may be understood in two ways. The first is that each stem cell, when it divides, gives rise to another stem cell and to a second cell that has some differentiated features of the lineage down which it must progress. The alternate possibility is that there is a stochastic element involved in stem cell division: the stem cell can give rise either to two stem cells, two differentiated cells, or one of each. In this second model, the self-renewal is demonstrated over a population rather than on a cell by cell basis. A corollary to self-renewal is that the stem cell itself is relatively slow cycling. It is the more differentiated daughter cell that proliferates more rapidly, constituting what is often referred to as the "transit amplifying population." These are concepts that have been extensively discussed and explored in studies of other organ systems but remain largely unexplored for the liver.
In other organs, the concept of a "stem cell niche" has proven very useful [reviewed by Fuchs et al. (6)]. It is conceived of as a restricted locale in an organ that regulates stem cell division through microenvironmental signaling, supporting their self-renewal, inhibiting or maintaining normative baseline differentiation in normal physiogical states, and promoting proliferation and differentiation in response to injury. The niche concept, particularly as it was first elucidated in the ovarian stem cell niche of Drosophila, specifies a microenvironment comprising stem/progenitor cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix and basement membrane. Other cell-cell interactions are also hypothesized. Interactions between these various compartments, usually mediated by direct cell-cell contact, accomplish the homeostatic regulation of stem/progenitor cell functioning.
A varying amount of information is known about the stem cell niches of various organs. Some principles seem to apply across organ boundaries, whereas others appear to be organ specific. Organs with most precisely localized and defined niches seem to be those that have a steady-state high rate of turnover. These would include the hematopoietic system, the testis, skin and adnexa, and the gastrointestinal tract. But other organs with less obvious steady-state cell turnover also appear to have defined stem cell niches, including the brain (in the subventricular zone) and epidermal melanocytes.
The coordinated signaling between the component cells and matrix that form a stem cell niche represent a weblike integrated system of interactions. Investigative techniques that isolate single cells for examination in cell culture are thus limited in their ability to establish details of niche functioning and effects. It is not on the relatively reductionist cell biological level of investigations that the key processes are active but on the higher-order tissue biological scale of investigation (18). Whereas reductive approaches will of course provide vital information, such work will proceed more efficiently when hypotheses can be drawn from the actual in-tissue relationships of the involved cell types and matrix, both in normal tissue and in response to injury. Moreover, it will be in returning to a systems analysis at the tissue level that the ex vivo cell studies will find their fullest applications and impact (5).
As opposed to these other organs in which there has been a years- or decades-long consensus that a tissue-specific stem cell exists, in the liver the open question of its existence has prevented advancement into developing a niche concept. There are currently three putative locations for resident LSPC: cells contained within the canals of Hering (CoH) (23), cells located within the interlobular bile ducts (1), and periductular cells (15, 16). Of these locations, only the CoH represents an anatomically definable entity. This structure represents the most proximal branch of the biliary tree and is comprised of the smallest cholangiocytes on one side of the canal itself and of hepatocytes on the other side of the canal. Whereas it had long been thought to extend just to the limiting plate of the portal tract in humans, we showed that it in fact usually extends considerably beyond that location, as much as one-third of the way into the hepatic lobule (23). Furthermore, by examining how it is structurally and proliferatively altered in response to acetaminophen toxicity, we were able to demonstrate that it was a source of regenerating hepatocytes in humans (23). We have gone on to show that small intraseptal clusters of hepatocytes in cirrhosis of diverse, human, chronic diseases are also likely to arise from the CoH (4). However, that work also demonstrated the likelihood of derivation from progenitor cells in other locations of the biliary tree as well (4).
Thus studies of proliferating cells and regeneration in animal and human models of hepatic injury indicate three possible stem/progenitor cell compartments, only one of which is, as yet, anatomically defined. The other two, intrabiliary and periductal stem/progenitor cells, have been identified by inference, by morphology, and by marker studies, but not in clearly defined anatomic locations. None of these cell populations, moreover, have been defined, in situ, by a functional assay for the quiescent stem cell at rest in the absence of activation. This represents vital information already obtained in many other organ stem cell compartments but still largely unexplored in the liver.
By examining studies of the stem cell niche already accomplished in other organs, hints as to which features might best be targeted for investigation of the liver may be gleaned. First, the stem cell itself needs to be identified. Whereas some markers have been suggested as useful, particularly in hematopoietic stem cells (e.g. c-kit, SCA-1, thy-1), these only specify populations of cells that are likely to contain cells with stem cell functioning, rather than exclusively and specifically identify the stem cells themselves. This is particularly true in the liver (12). Indeed, it seems unlikely at the present time that there will be stem cell-specific markers with which one can highlight the stem cell, in situ, independent of function. Rather, "stem cellness" is perhaps best considered as "function," not "entity" (2). Thus identification of a stem cell, within intact tissue, requires some way to mark cells with a given function.
The most well-established approach to this problem returns to the classic definition of stem cells, considering quiescence during physiological normative states as a primary aspect of stem cell functioning along with self-renewal and pleuripotency. Marking a cell as quiescent, compared with its progeny in the transit amplifying compartment, would then support its identification as a tissue resident stem cell (14). The original approaches to this problem involved labeling of dividing cells with either tritiated thymidine or BrDU. Animals were exposed to either of these compounds for periods in which it was likely a stem cell would undergo at least one asymmetric cell division and thus incorporate the label and retain it. Such periods included exposure through fetal life and into the early neonatal period or for postnatal periods of time that were likely to encompass the relatively rare cell division of the stem cells. As cells within the transit amplifying population or in the compartment of more "terminally differentiated" cells divided, they would rapidly dilute the label to undetectable levels, leaving the relatively quiescent stem cells highlighted as "label retaining." Indeed, such cells, when identified, could be isolated and tested in culture for features that further support their stem cell functioning, such as with clonogenic assays (10). More recently, a highly innovative approach to identification of label-retaining cells in a putative stem cell niche has been developed in the laboratory of E. Fuchs at the Rockefeller Institute. With the use of transgenic animals with inducible, composite protein histone-2B-green fluorescent protein (H2B-GFP) expression under the control of a stem cell-marking cytokeratin promoter, this group has convincingly confirmed label-retaining cell (LRC) in the bulge region of skin adnexa (24).
In different organs, different cell-cell relationships have been identified as important. What seems clear is that once the postnatal tissue forms, the intraorgan stem cells take up (or maintain) long-term residence within the niche (6). What keeps them there is a primary question, the answer to which has been provided most efficiently through studies of the Drosophila ovarian niche and the germ stem cells (GSCs) contained therein. These studies show that direct physical interactions between stem cells and their nonstem cell neighbors in the niche are critical for maintaining stem cells in the niche and for controlling their relative quiescence or activation. In the Drosophila ovarian and testicular niches, it is the "cap cell" that directly contacts the GSCs. Similar niche architecture governs mammalian testis and other vertebrate stem cell niches. In particular, direct contact with some type of stromal cell appears to be a consistent feature in most, providing vital input for hematopoietic stem cells, intestinal stem cells, and epidermal stem cells.
The "molecular glue" that anchors the stem cells to their niche stromal cells has been partially defined in some models (25, 27). Adherens junctions between stem cells and corresponding stromal cells have been identified in Drosophila and have been preliminarily identified in mammalian stem cell niches. On a gene expression basis, roles for Notch and WNT signaling pathways have also been suggested, again through direct stem cell-stromal cell contact, in stem cell niches in Drosophila (various organs) and in vertebrate retinal neuroepithelium, skeletal muscle, and hematopoiesis.
In the liver, several stromal cell candidates present themselves as candidates for the "partner cell" of the hepatic stem cell, including hepatic stellate cells, either quiescent or activated, and portal myofibroblasts. To our knowledge, however, analysis of an anatomic relationship between these cells and any of the putative hepatic stem cells has not been reported.
Another important player in establishing the stem cell:niche are integrins mediating adhesion of cells to a basal lamina. Elevated levels of integrins have been reported in different stem cell populations, and loss of function studies in mice reveals that both integrins and adherens junctions play important roles in maintaining the location, adhesiveness, and proliferative quiescence of epithelial cells (25). In the liver, there is extensive analysis of basement membrane and integrin expression of the biliary tree. Basement membrane of bile ducts comprises laminin and type IV collagen (17, 28). Tenascin is expressed during development but is not seen in normal postnatal liver (17). Fibronectin expression may be seen in the hepatic sinusoids (28). The integrins that are predominantly represented on human biliary epithelium include α2, α3, α5, α6, and α9, which dimerize with β1 (28). Similar analyses, however, have not been performed on the CoH themselves, mostly because the structure and location of the CoH have only recently been defined.
The importance of innervation of the stem cell niche remains highly speculative. Anatomic juxtapositions of nerves and epithelial stem cell niches in the intestinal crypts and bulge of the hair follicle have been demonstrated histologically. For the intestine, this area has remained relatively unexplored. However, in the vicinity of the epidermal niche, neurotrophin production (such as nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin-3 and -4) by nerves has been demonstrated. Some of these factors are stimulatory, but others are inhibiting of niche activation (3).
In all these cases, however, it is not yet clear whether the nerves interact directly via cell-cell junctions (synaptic or otherwise) with the stem cells and/or stromal cells. If not, other mechanisms for neural interactions with the niche may be hypothesized, including secretion of factors into the periniche milieu or autonomic control of vascular supply to these microenvironments. In the liver, neural involvement in regulation of the hepatic progenitor cell response has been demonstrated in elegant studies from the laboratories of Roskams and Diehl, demonstrating that sympathetic nervous system inhibition promotes oval cell proliferation and improves healing (11). The mechanism by which this takes place is unclear, however, though muscarinic receptors have been identified on human and rodent LSPC (11).
With the advent of microarray technology, a concerted effort to define patterns of gene expression that may be indicative of stem cellness has been underway for several years [reviewed by Lemischka (9)]. Published data for hematopoietic, neuronal, mesenchymal, embryonic, and intestinal stem cells have now appeared. However, much of these data has been performed on cells isolated from tissue and then maintained and expanded in culture. Only a few attempts have been made to obtain transcriptional profiles of stem cells isolated directly from their niche without subsequent ex vivo manipulation and propagation. Of these, only hematopoietic, instestinal, and skin stem cells have then been compared with their proliferative progeny, generated either via culture or through injury to the source tissues. Intriguing parallels arise from comparisons of these data sets. For example, members of the TGF-β pathway, so prominent in self-renewal in male and female fly GSCs, are also enriched in all of the other studied stem cell populations (6). JAK/STAT and Notch signaling pathways are also prominently represented, consistent with data already derived from ex vivo cell investigations or studies of in-tissue expression (6).
Petkov et al (13) have performed a variant of this work comparing gene expression profiles of rat hepatoblasts at varied time points during fetal development on through the adult liver, although to our knowledge such expression profiling has not yet been performed on cells isolated from the adult hepatic niche. To relate some of these findings to those noted above, Hey1 was found to be upregulated in fetal livers; whereas the precise function of this gene is not known, the Hey proteins in general are known to be effectors of Notch signaling. Of significant note in this particular type of study is that 28 genes were identified as specifically upregulated in fetal liver that were not present in the adult cells. The authors note that these may represent markers of stem/progenitor cell functioning in fetal liver. It will be interesting to also see whether any of these are specifically active in active or inactive epithelial cells of the hepatic niche when the precise location of the niche is defined. Or, conversely, might they help to define the niche?
Although these and other similarities between stem cells of different origins are intriguing, the differences between them are equally important. Such differences may reflect tailoring of stem cells to their particular niche and the properties they may have to display to participate in other tissue-specific functions: to interact with tissue-specific matrices, respond to differences in vascular supply, mechanical effects, etc. Of particular interest, also, is that gene expression profiling of both the stem cell and the related niche cell often complementary, showing that the cross-talk is not unidirectional, but that the two (or more) cells have a more complex interactive life. Few such studies, however, have as yet been performed (9). It seems that maintenance of the niche, then, is a result of a symbiotic interplay between the stem cells and the cells of the niche. This conception again points to the need to begin thinking in terms of a systems approach for stem cell phenomena (5, 18) and of the importance of identifying the stromal (or other) niche cell that exists in such a close relationship with the stem cell.
Thus comparison with other organ systems in which stem cells have been affirmed and studied for longer periods of time than has been done in the liver is useful in pointing out important directions for the future of intrahepatic LSPC research. But one must keep an open mind that the liver may also be unique in some ways, displaying different features than are seen in those other systems.
The most extravagantly controversial area regarding LPSC is the recent development that hepatobiliary (and other) cells of the liver can derive from extrahepatic, circulating cells [reviewed by Theise (20)]. As it turns out, cells that are marrow derived (at least) can enter the liver and engraft, their genetic expression becoming reprogrammed, in some measure or completely, to function as a true liver cell. Much of the controversy is motivated by sincere and appropriate scientific skepticism inherent in any paradigm shift, although much debate in this area is also motivated by secondary influences (21). The scientific questions will be the focus here.
The first papers to investigate the possibility of extrahepatic cells contributing to liver mass came in the context of whole bone marrow transplantation or transplantation of the liver (20). Hepatocytes and cholangiocytes marked either by Y-chromosome in gender mismatched transplantation experiments or by products of transgenes that can be detected in tissue sections (e.g. DPPIV, green fluorescent protein, β-galactosidase) were identified, indicating derivation for the transplanted marrow cells. The presumed process at the time of these earliest publications was direct differentiation on entry and incorporation into the liver.
An early "confirmatory" study (8), however, which seemed to localize these plasticity phenomena to the c-kit+lin-Sca1+Thylo hematopoietic stem cell-enriched fraction of the marrow ("KTLS cells"), is now known to have been interpreted incorrectly (26). In the experimental animal, the FAH-null mouse (a partial mimic of human tyrosinemia type I), cited by many to be the best confirmation because of functional metabolic rescue from the otherwise lethal defect, turned out to be a different process altogether. Further investigation by the intitial reporting laboratory demonstrated that, in this model, the process was one of fusion between circulating, marrow-derived monocytes with pre-existing hepatocytes, rather than engraftment of progenitor cells undergoing direct, nonfusion-based differentiation.
Subsequently, confirmatory experiments of both plasticity pathways have been published, and reviews have been written and rewritten rapidly (20). The balanced conclusion is that circulating cells can contribute to hepatic mass by two processes: by direct differentiation and by cell-cell fusion (sometimes followed by nuclear-nuclear fusion). The direct differentiation pathway has now been confirmed both in vivo and in vitro. The fusion phenomenon has been demonstrated in vivo, as already described, and is the direct physiological correlate of the in vitro heterokaryon studies of Blau and colleagues (2) from two decades ago.
Two large questions hover over the proliferating studies of these two phenomena, the lack of answers to which increases the likelihood of controversy. The first is the role played by the experimental design and, related to this, the differences in LSPC activation, and/or recruitment in different injury models. The second relates to the cells in the marrow that may be most physiologically poised to migrate to the liver and engraft there as hepatobiliary cells.
It is particularly notable that among the many studies regarding stem cell plasticity and the liver, few, if any, reproduce the actual experiments that they seek to confirm or refute. Each laboratory has its own version(s) of injury that are employed. Age, strain, and even species differences are often ignored. Standardization of methods in transplantation experiments has not yet occurred. These differences may be significant. Although little has been done to directly compare injury models, for example, data accumulating in my own laboratory (unpublished) indicates that the physiology of response to different injuries varies greatly. Timing and extent of LSPC proliferation, production of chemokines, and their receptors, which have been shown to be of importance to plasticity phenomena (e.g. stromal derived factor 1, stem cell factor), and hepatocyte ploidy vary tremendously in different models. Thus the inattentive comparison of results derived from different models serves to confuse the field, generating more empty controversy than shedding light. This issue clearly requires much more extensive analysis (22).
As for the second issue, i.e. which cell in the marrow may have the major role to play in engraftment and plasticity phenomena, there are some vague hints about a unifying solution to this question. If one groups the mass of published plasticity studies into those that find the phenomenon and those that don't, there appears to be a trend. Those that most readily identify it either employ organ transplantation, whole bone marrow transplantation, or mesenchymal stem cells. Is it possible that the hematopoietic stem cell is not the likeliest player in this game? In our own work, where one "hematopoietic stem cell" demonstrated embryonic stem cell-like, trilineage differentiation, the cell may perhaps have been a precursor of both hematopoiesis and of stromal cells. The methods used to isolate it may have selected a more "primitive" cell than more classic hematopoietic stem cells, such as the KTLS cell (22). Thus, for example, studies that focused on the KTLS cell may have been finding "little evidence for stem cell plasticity" for a reason. This, too, is an area that requires greater attention than it has yet received in order for the field to advance from chaos and controversy to order and consensus.
Some of these areas, like the question of a stem cell niche and of self-renewal and quiescence of intrahepatic stem cells, have barely been addressed as yet. The argumentative and polemical aspects of the field are a sign that the field is truly leading to paradigmatic shifts in thinking about the liver, about the body as a whole, and, as such, are predictable, early developmental stages of our emerging understanding. However, progress in the field of liver stem cell biology is inevitable: the number of researchers plunging into the field, from diverse backgrounds, ensures continued creativity and productive investigations. Hopefully, some of the ideas presented here will tease a few more creative minds to enter the fray.
- Copyright © 2006 the American Physiological Society


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CVA .50 Muzzle loader
There was a CVA black powder at the local pawn shop for $80. Good deal or stay away?
Sounds fair if you want one.
What model?
Be sure to check the bore.
Hard to go wrong for that price, but be sure to check the bore carefully with a flash light. Rusted barrels are very common in poorly cleaned ML guns.
O&B- changed your spelling on title- it is muzzle loader.
As the folks have said- it COULD be a decent price. Use one of those little LED flashlights with the flexible neck (they make great bore lights for regular guns) and take a hard look at the bore, and check for rust on the outside around the nipple. Use the ramrod to check the bore and be sure it is not loaded.
(Push ramrod down barrel, mark end of rod at muzzle with thumb, pull rod out, lay alongside barrel, should come all the way back to nipple. If it if a couple of inches short, someone left a charge in there)
I mention it, because it would not be the first time that a muzzleloader got pawned while loaded.
I've heard some horror stories when buying guns from pawn shops in the past, but sometimes you can really score. For $80, it could be a good deal, depending on the model. But, the CVA Buckhorn sells around $130 new, so for the minimal difference, I'd buy new for a piece of mind. One of my friends turned me onto muzzle-loaders.com, and said he had good dealings with them, so that's where I've been looking. Personally, I would see if you could fire the gun first.
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