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Bob Vander Plaats, President and CEO
His passionate leadership for the betterment of America's family has earned The FAMiLY LEADER the 2010 "Family Champion" award presented by CitizenLink, an affiliation of Focus on the Family. His leadership and voice for the family is … read more…
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Darla Vander Plaats, Director, If 7:14
Darla Vander Plaats is a farm girl from northwest Iowa. She received a degree from Northwestern College in Orange City and worked for several years as a CPA before taking the opportunity to stay home with the four sons she and Bob raised together. She joined Bob at The FAMiLY LEADER in 2015 and… read more
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Chuck Hurley, Vice President and Chief Counsel
Chuck Hurley has been a Christian since 1977, and a licensed attorney since 1983. He spent 15 years in private practice, and now uses his legal experience to defend religious liberties, family values, and the sanctity of life. He ran for the Iowa Legislature for the first time in 1988, in part on … read more
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Julie Summa, Vice President of Advancement
Julie received a BSA degree from the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. She has worked in the areas of product/production management with Meredith Corporation, was Director of Donor Development at America's Family Coaches, has done marketing … read more
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Greg Baker, Executive Director of TFL Ambassador Network
Greg is a 2009 graduate of the University of Iowa. His inspiration to make a difference through politics began early in high school years. His passion stemmed from the strategy necessary to pass legislation and to win elections. This passion fueled him to … read more
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Drew Zahn, Director of Communications
Drew Zahn grew up in northeastern Iowa, a Mississippi "River Rat" from McGregor. Later he would serve as solo pastor of two Evangelical Free churches in the rural cornfields of northern Iowa and as youth pastor of a Baptist church in central Iowa. His guest preaching has taken him all over the state. A graduate of Bethel … read more
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Dr. Nathan Oppman, Chief of Staff
Nathan Oppman joined The FAMiLY LEADER in 2015. He developed his interest in public policy through active involvement in campaigns, caucuses, and his local church in his home state of Iowa. Nathan received a B.A. in political science, an M.A. in history, and … read more
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Danny Carroll, Family Advocate
Danny has been married for 38 years to Joy. They have three grown children who all live in Ankeny with their families. Danny worked as Director of Community Relations for Iowa Telecom in Newton from 1999 through 2009 when the … read more
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Ashley Baker, Event Coordinator & Executive Assistant
Joan Acela, Church Ambassador Network
Denise Bubeck, Church Ambassador Network
David Barnett, Director of Database Management
Glen Cornell, Multimedia Director
Tammy Kobza, Church Ambassador Network
Daniel Sunne, Church Ambassador Network
Kathy Van Solen, If 7:14


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Film Review - 'Children of the Revolution'Posted by Alexander Hay
Shane O'Sullivan's documentary vividly captures the legacy of two controversial mothers
Mothers are often complicated creatures, the ones who you often spend the most time with, but who often seem sidelined in comparison to the influence of the father or father figure. Nonetheless, if Fathers inform, then Mothers mould.
With this in mind, Shane O'Sullivan's new documentary, 'Children of the Revolution' is compelling viewing. Premièred at this year's Palestine Film Festival at the Barbican, it chronicles the lives of two notorious female terrorists – Red Army Faction founder Ulrike Meinhof and Japanese Red Army Kingpin Fusako Shigenobu. The film also compares and contrasts the effects they had on their daughters, Bettina Rohl and May (or sometimes Mei) Shigenobu.
There is in fact quite a contrast between the two mothers in the film, despite their shared belief that the ends justified the means and that having their children raised in Palestinian refugee camps was somehow a good idea. Ulrike started out as a left-leaning West German journalist quietly being manipulated by her GDR handlers, before depression, brain injury, a nasty divorce and a downward spiral into rage and fanaticism turned her into a terrorist and, finally, a martyr through suicide to a certain fan-base that won't stop flaming her daughter.
Fusako by contrast was a true believer from the start, her father's ultra-nationalist, right wing supremacist dogma passed on to her in the form of a radical and violent left wing mirror image. (Tellingly, they were on good terms despite their differences.) From there, her attempts to bring down the Japanese government brought only failure and so, like many a radical, she hitched her wagon to a marginally more successful cause, in the form of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine , with whom the Red Army committed some of its most spectacular crimes.
O'Sullivan recounts and intertwines these two stories seamlessly, despite the fact that Meinhof and Shigenobu had absolutely nothing to do with each other.
He uses an excellent range of archival material, all edited together effectively and uses interviews with bit-part players, major figures and the daughters themselves to good effect, using it all to paint a picture of individuals who through accident or design moulded their daughters through their own extreme trajectories.
The only presence missing, oddly, is Shigenobu Senior herself, currently doing time in a Tokyo prison; by contrast we're left feeling like we know Ulrike intimately at the end, despite the fact that she took her life 35 years ago.
While sympathetic to his subjects, O'Sullivan does not serve as apologist nor prosecutor of either, simply letting their words and actions speak for themselves in the midst of the complex morass of Middle East politics and the casual thuggeries of the West German state, which saw nothing wrong in psychologically torturing Meinhof and the rest of the gang for months on end, or keeping her preserved brain as a sort of perverse trophy until Bettina and her twin sister finally took custody and laid what remained of their mother to rest.
As Bettina herself points out, Germany still hasn't quite got over its past, though in saying this, she indicts her mother as much as the zealots of the Stasi and the Nazis.
But what does the film reveal about the daughters? Of the two, Mei comes off the worst, coming across as a woman who can't quite stop herself being an apologist for her mother's crimes, buoyed along by family friends who help maintain the sort of parallel reality where shooting up airports, taking hostages and blowing up jumbo jets is perfectly justified, and where one can claim Fusako is innocent of what the Red Army did under her orders and still keep a straight face.
If anything, Mei's tragedy is that she can't accept that her own watered-down brand of her mother's radical politics is simply not helping the Palestinians she claims to feel such empathy for. Decades of 'armed struggle' have not improved their lot, and Israel's ersatz annexation of the West Bank continues apace. Her mother's part in ensuring this self-defeating violence was perpetuated cannot be understated.
In fact, May rather stitches herself up at one point by conflating the rotten cause of Hamas with that of the Palestinians. In doing so, it seems she has learned nothing and forgotten nothing. Still, as said, fanaticism is the family trade, and it is on a perversely optimistic note that we end with her embracing not violence but the media, in fact following an opposite direction to that of Ulrike Meinhof. As it happens, Mei is growing up in a way her mother, forever trapped in a sort of violent adolescent revolt, never can.
Bettina, meanwhile, has grown into a decent, dignified woman who neither excuses her mother's actions nor dismisses her as a total monster. Growing up in a stable home and being able to take a measured view of the world around her, Bettina's victory as a parent and a wiser, more humane figure than her mother could ever be puts the harsh rhetoric and grim actions of these parents into a dismal perspective.
Click HERE to read our interview with Children of the Revolution's director, Shane O'Sullivan!
Children of the Revolution will next be shown at the Cannes Film Festival Market on Monday (16/05/2011), and again in the UK at the Open City London Documentary Festival on the 16th of June. It will be released on DVD later in the Summer.
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Order Form Disclaimer Advise
Decorating By Dolledupcakes Updated 16 Jun 2010 , 7:27pm by Dolledupcakes
I am having trouble with the wording on my order form disclaimer. I want it to say something along the lines that I am not responsible for any damage after delivery. That they are receiving the cake as ordered and there are no disfigures.
I just want it to sound professional. Please help.
All advice is welcome
Thank you all so much!
use the search option and check for articles on this seems like someone posted a mock form a while ago.
I did, I could find anything. I will try again.
take a look in the business forums, i can't find it quickly enough, but I know this was talked about recently over there.
I hope this link works, it is a sample form created by a CC member.
Fingers crossed....
If it doesn't, do a Google advanced search with Cake Central as the website. That's the only way I can find anything on here.
To everyones reply, thank you so much.
I am dealing with a customer who left her topsy turvy cake in her bedroom after I had advised her the room was too warm for the cake.
Now she wants her money back.
So, thank you again.


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Hispanic Consumers a Cure for Recession Blues?
Hispanic Retail 360 Summit examines the impact the recession has on Latino consumers.By Mehgan Belanger
LAS VEGAS -- The more than 350 attendees to the Hispanic Retail 360 Summit gathered for the second day here to examine what effects the recession has on Hispanic consumers and their shopping habits.
Because Hispanic consumers tend to carry less debt and pay for items with cash, one theory is Hispanics may actually be less affected by the downturn in the economy, said Daniel Aversano, product leadership, Nielsen Consumer Panel Services for The Nielsen Co., during the first general session of the day. Conversely, because Latino customers also are being impacted by high unemployment and the downturn in the construction industry, and generally have lower incomes than non-Hispanic customers, they could be impacted to a greater degree than the general market, he noted.
However, the picture is not that simple, Aversano explained, because the consumer is in the middle of the picture, and is influenced by the media, which has painted a gloomy picture of the economy. What really matters is consumer perceptions of the economy and their resulting actions, he said, noting purchasing power is increasing for some consumer groups, while July retail sales grew, and less jobs were lost in July than in previous months. "It's starting to look like recovery," he said.
While Hispanic unemployment is higher than the general market, at 12.3 percent, it has shown a leveling off in the past two months. Meanwhile, consumers were de-leveraging—during the economic boom, total consumers spent money they didn't have, and now are saving their dollars or lowering debt, which is expected to continue once recovery occurs. However, since Hispanic consumers don't hold as much debt compared to the total consumer group, they are a better consumer to target during the recovery since they aren't de-leveraging or chaining their purchasing habits to the extent of the total consumer group, Aversano said.
Looking at the impact of the economy on a granular level, 41 percent of Hispanic consumers said they are eating at home more often for the breakfast daypart, while 60 percent said they are eating dinner at home more often, he said, noting the emphasis is now on what consumers need, not what they want.
"Value is king," Aversano said. "When push comes to shove, you have to cut."
When asked what they would cut spending on if they had to, Hispanic consumers said they would reduce money spent on energy, food, clothes, transportation, entertainment and travel.
"True economic recovery will not begin until Hispanics are convinced it is here," he concluded.
The second general session of the day centered on supplier diversity, and was presented by Michael Byron, vice president of supplier diversity for grocer Supervalu.
Supplier diversity is "educating people to think differently," on how it can connect companies to its communities, he explained, noting the "true meaning of supplier diversity is how we enrich lives of people in the community, and create jobs in its areas."
If done properly, supplier diversity allows a company to differentiate its business model, along with supporting sales, gaining access to new markets and surviving the changing economy.
"Look at it as a competitive advantage," Byron said, adding there are supplier diversity opportunities in construction, legal and marketing.
Following the general session, Hispanic Retail Excellence Awards were presented to Walmart for its Supermercado de Walmart, and Mi Pueblo Food Centers. In presenting the awards, Convenience Store News Editor-in-Chief Don Longo said the goal of the awards is to "recognize leadership of serving the wants and needs of Hispanic shoppers."
Accepting the award for Walmart was Jose Antonio Fernandez, vice president of Supermercado de Walmart, while Mi Pueblo President Juvenal Chavez accepted the award on behalf of his San Jose, Calif.-based grocery chain.
Later that afternoon, Hispanic Retail 360 attendees split up to attend several concurrent sessions on three tracks—advertising and marketing, consumer insights and retailing.
During the session titled "Seeking Growth via Hispanic Segments in a Down Economy," Cesar M. Melgoza, co-founder and president of Miami-based Geoscape, an analytics firm and sponsor of Hispanic Retail 360, showed data on the spending power of Latino customers over their lifetime.
Geoscape looks at a consumer base's "lifetime profit margin contribution," or what impact consumers can have on a company's bottom line over the course of their lifetime.
Because the median age of Hispanic consumers in the country is 27 (vs. 40 for non-Hispanics) and they live to a median age of 83 (compared to 81 for non-Hispanics), the Latino consumer group contributes 56 years of spending, the longest of all consumer groups in the U.S. And although they don't spend the most, Hispanic consumers spend longer, and are valuable, Melgoza said.
Hispanic spending power at various retail channels was the focus of the "Hispanics and the Retail Experience" concurrent session, presented by Leylha Ahuile, multicultural reports editor and senior analyst for Mintel International Group.
Latino consumers' purchasing power will reach more than $1.4 trillion next year, primarily through the group's population growth, said Ahuile, noting there are more Hispanics born in the U.S. annually than those who immigrate to the U.S. In 2008, Hispanic babies made up 24 percent of all babies born in the U.S., while 62.7 percent of Hispanics were younger than 34. And because there are more Hispanic children growing up in the U.S., they will likely learn how to speak English, receive higher education levels than previous generations and be able to earn higher incomes, she explained.
In the current economy, Hispanic consumers are seeking out deals, with 75 percent of Hispanics saying they are looking for deals more often when making purchases now compared to a year ago. Despite this, household expenditures for Hispanic homes increased 78 percent across all retail channels last year, compared with 33 percent for non-Hispanic households, according to Ahuile.
In the convenience channel, Hispanic households' average annual spend totaled $299, 10 percent higher than non-Hispanic households. In addition, Hispanic households' trips to c-stores were also up 3 percent over non-Hispanics, at 15.2 visits annually, she said.
The convenience channel—which includes bodegas—is also visited more frequently by Hispanic shoppers, compared to all other consumer groups. Within Hispanic shoppers, those aged 18-34 visit c-stores once per week or more, and younger Hispanic consumers are interested in finding financial services at convenience stores.
Overall, Hispanic consumers are more likely to purchase automotive products and phone cards at convenience stores, while they would like to see more home office services in the channel, such as fax and copier services, bill payment, check cashing and money transfer, along with entertainment options, including video games and DVDs, Ahuile said.
Hispanic Retail 360 is hosted by Convenience Store News, Progressive Grocer and The Nielsen Co. Presenting sponsor Coca-Cola is joined by other Hispanic Retail 360 sponsors including Geoscape, Café Bustelo, Anheuser-Busch and Western Union. For more on the Hispanic Retail 360 Summit, watch for the Sept. 28 issue of Convenience Store News.
Related News:
Hispanic 360: Listening and Communicating With Latino Customers
Walmart, Mi Pueblo Set to Accept Excellence Awards At Hispanic Retail 360
Dole Juices Up Hispanic Marketing


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I am not poorly dressed but I could use a little help. I like to wear sports clothes but I also wear the usual highschool stuff like hollister and American eagle etc. But like I know a lot of girls that don't find the guys who wear all the nike socks and stuff to be as attractive. I am totally fine wearing a nice shirt. I have dressed up before and it has gotten me good responses. But I was wondering what other clothes that were maybe on the less expensive side that I could buy to maybe look more attractive to girls than wasting my money on a pair of basketball shoes that will get me some respect from the guys around school. Just some suggestions about shoes pants shorts nike crew socks or just low socks. Shirts etc etc etc. I guess a better question would be. What outfit/styles are most attractive to highschool girls. I am 15 years old. Thanks in advance.
Most Helpful Girl
It's not that girls find sports clothes unattractive, it's just if they wear it all the time. We like when guys put a little effort in how they look. But too much can be a little annoying. Honestly, if you just invest in a pair of simple Nikes, Adidas, or Vans it can help a lot. Pair that with a comfy pair of jeans and a tshirt and you're set. Urban Outfitters may be pricey but they have some pretty cool simple shirts. Also, put a nice smelling cologne on. Just not a lot to the point you can smell the alcohol.
Oh, and the brands they have at Tilly's or any surf/board shop are cool.
You can also try looking up some outfits on lookbook.nu although, some of the outfits may be a bit feminine for your taste.10|10|0
oh yeah, I like guys wearing vans, worn out jeans and t-shirt combo, oh hot damnnn! ;)
YES! I love the simple messy look.


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Purpose: This study determined whether LL-37 (cathelicidin)is expressed by conjunctival and corneal epithelia as part of ocular host defense. The antimicrobial activity of LL-37 was also assessed in vitro against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and adenovirus (Ad). Methods: Expression of LL-37/hCAP 18 mRNA and LL-37 protein was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoblotting, respectively, in scraped human corneal epithelium and primary cultured human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. The EC50values for three strains of PA and one each of SA and SE were determined for LL-37. LL-37 antiviral inhibition of HSV-1 and adenovirus was assessed by direct inactivation assays. Toxicity of LL-37 to A549 cells was evaluated by a MTT assay. Results: LL-37/hCAP18 mRNA and LL-37 peptide were expressed by human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. Antibacterial activity for LL-37 was demonstrated (EC50values for the three PA strains were 2.8 ± 1.3, 1.9 ± 0.3, and 3.6 ± 2.1; for SA: 1.6 ± 1.5; for SE: 1.3 ± 1.9 μg/ml). LL-37 produced a significant reduction (p < 0.001 ANOVA) in HSV-1 and Ad19 viral titers with distinctly different time-kill curves (p < 0.001). LL-37 (up to 111 μM) produced no toxicity in A549 cells. Conclusions: Corneal and conjunctival epithelia express LL-37 as part of mucosal innate immunity to protect against bacterial and viral ocular infections.
The innate immune system is an ancient, complex, rapid killing, nonspecific, redundant multifunctional system that is highly effective in protecting the host.1 Scientific interest in this field is burgeoning as reflected by the growing number of publications including several excellent reviews.2-5 Studies over the past two decades have shown that small cationic peptides with potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and some viruses are an important component of the innate immune system.6-9 Initially described in leukocytes, cationic antimicrobial peptides such as defensins and cathelicidins are also secreted by various epithelial tissues.2,10 The precise mechanism of antimicrobial activity of these peptides is incompletely understood, but it is widely accepted that perturbation of the microbial cell membrane is the major means by which these peptides kill.11,12 In addition to their antimicrobial activity, additional diverse functions for these peptides include important roles in inflammation, immune activation, and wound healing.13-15
Cathelicidins consist of a highly conserved N-terminal region(the cathelin domain) with homology to the cysteine protease inhibitor cathelin and a less conserved C-terminal antimicrobialregion that varies among species, yielding multiple peptides with a remarkable variety of sizes, sequences, and structures.16 Only one cathelicidin has been described in humans, which is human cationic antimicrobial peptide of 18 kDa (hCAP18). This peptide is expressed by neutrophils and epithelial tissues lining the oral cavity and respiratory, urogenital, and gastrointestinal tracts.17-19
Previous studies have shown that hCAP18 is upregulated by inflammation and injury.20-24 hCAP18 is cleaved by the action of serine proteases to generate the 37-amino-acid antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and a 103-amino-acid cathelin domain.25 A recombinant version of the hCAP18 cathelin domain was also recently shown to have antimicrobial activity and to inhibit protease activity.26 LL-37 has been shown to have potent antimicrobial activity against a variety of bacteria including staphylococcal species and Escherichia coli and fungi such as Candida albicans.20,27,28 The antiviral activity of LL-37 has received far less attention, but some activity has been reported against herpes simplex virus (HSV)29 and vaccinia virus.30
In addition to its antimicrobial function, LL-37 is chemotactic for monocytes, T cells, neutrophils, and mast cells, stimulates mast cell histamine release, modulates dendritic cell differentiation, and stimulates IL-8 secretion.14,31-34 LL-37 has also been shown to stimulate angiogenesis,35 and lack of LL-37 activity was associated with impaired epithelial healing in skin wounds.36 These observations have led to the concept that LL-37 is a multifunctional effector molecule capable of directly killing pathogens, modulating the immune response, and promoting wound healing.14,37
The ocular surface stays remarkably free from infection despite constant exposure to a hostile microbial environment. This reality is attributable, in part, to a very robust innate immune response.38 Recent studies have shown that the antimicrobial peptides human α-defensin (hBD)-1,-2, and -3 are expressed by ocular surface epithelia and therefore are likely to contribute to the innate immune response.39-43 The goals of the current study were (1) to determine whether LL-37, like α-defensins, is secreted by corneal and conjunctival epithelia as part of the innate immune response, and (2) to assess in vitro the antimicrobial activity of LL-37 against major ocular bacterial and viral pathogens.
The antimicrobial peptide, LL-37, was purchased from American Peptide Company (Sunnyvale, CA, USA) and used in all the experiments. A scrambled peptide of LL-3735 with the same amino acids ordered randomly was purchased from Global Peptide Services (Fort Collins, CO, USA).
Human corneas were obtained from the Lions Eye Banks (Central Florida and Heartlands) and used in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki regarding the use of human tissue for research. The epithelium was scraped from each cornea (in the cases where a pair were available, then the tissue from both corneas was pooled) using a scalpel blade, then immediately placed in RNA lysis buffer (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA) for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays or snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80°C for the immunoblot assays.
Primary cultures of human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were prepared from single or pairs of normal eye bank corneas based on the method described previously.42 Following incubation in Dispase II (1.2 U/ml) for 4-5 hr at 37°C, the epithelial layer was scraped free from the underlying stroma with a no. 15 scalpel blade and transferred to a tube containing Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and centrifuged. The cell pellet was resuspended in EpiLife medium (Cascade Biologics, Portland, OR, USA), and a single cell suspension was obtained by titrating through a syringe fitted with a 22G needle. The cells were transferred to a culture flask coated with a mixture of fibronectin and collagen (FNC; AthenaES, Baltimore, MD, USA) containing 5 ml of serum-free EpiLife media with human corneal growth supplement (HCGS; Cascade Biologics). Primary cultured HCECs of passages 1 to 2 were used in the experiments.
Human conjunctival tissue from two donors was obtained from the National Disease Research Interchange (NDRI, Philadelphia, PA, USA).Primary conjunctival epithelial cells were cultured as described previously.43 Briefly, conjunctival tissue was incubated overnight at 4°C in a 1:1 (v/v) solution of EpiLife medium and dispase (20 U/ml). Using a scalpel blade, the epithelial cells were then scraped free and seeded into a FNC-coated flask with EpiLife media and HCGS. Primary-cultured conjunctival epithelial cells of passages 1 to 3 were used for the experiments.
Total RNA from all cell samples was extracted using an RNeasy kit(Qiagen). Two hundred fifty nanograms of total RNA were used per RT-PCR reaction using a Superscript II (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA,USA) kit. Reactions containing normal human testis RNA (Clontech Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA, USA) or RNAse free water in place of the RNA served as a positive control and negative control, respectively. Reverse transcription was performed at 50°C for 60 min. In some reactions, the reverse transcriptase was omitted (-RT control). After denaturation of the reverse transcriptase (94°C, 5 min), amplification of the cDNA was performed for 40 cycles: denaturation, 94°C for 50 s; annealing, 62°C for 30 s; extension 72°C for 1 min. The specific primers used were α-actin (forward 5′-CCTCGCC-TTTGCCGATCC-3′and reverse 5′- GGATCTTCATGAGGTAGTCAGTC-3′, 626 bp44 ) and LL-37/hCAP18 (forward 5′-ATCATTGCCCAG- GTCCTCAG-3′and reverse 5′-GTCCCCATACAC- CGCTTCAC-3′, 251 bp).45 Products generated with these primers were sequenced (Seqwright, Houston, TX, USA) to confirm their identities. RT-PCR products were visualized on an agarose gel using an Alpha Imager gel documentation system (Alpha Innotec, San Leandro, CA, USA). HyperLadder I (Midwest Scientific, St. Louis, MO, USA) was used as the base pair marker.
Epithelial samples that had been snap frozen were used in immunoblots to detect LL-37 peptide. Each sample was homogenized in 100 μl of ice-cold tris buffered saline (TBS, 150 mM NaCl, 20 mM Tris- HCl, pH 7.5). Cell lysate (25 μg of total protein) was blotted directly onto a nitrocellulose membrane using a Bio-Dot Microfiltration apparatus (Life Science, Hercules, CA, USA). One nanogram of synthetic LL-37 peptide (American Peptide Company, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) was also blotted onto the membrane as a positive control. Nonspecific binding sites were blocked by incubation in 5% blotto, then the membrane was incubated with a rabbit anti- LL37 polyclonal antibody (donated by Dr. Lehrer, UCLA) diluted 1 in 5000 in 3% blotto. After an overnight incubation, the membranes were then incubated with a horseradish peroxidase linked second antibody (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, West Grove, PA, USA) diluted 1 in 10,000 in 3% blotto. Immunoreactivity was visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence (Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, NJ, USA).
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA; ATCC 27853 and two clinical isolates, PA 2219 and PA 2212 from corneal scrapings of subjects with bacterial keratitis) were tested in this study. The ATCC strain tested is known to invade intact cornea and produce severe ocular infection in experimentally infected animal models of bacterial keratitis.46 One single isolated PA colony was used to inoculate 5 ml of nutrient broth (NB) overnight at 37°C. Fifty microliters of this bacterial suspension were used to inoculate 50 ml of fresh NB, which was then incubated for 2.5 hr with vigorous shaking at 37°C to achieve mid-log phase growth. Twenty-five milliliters of the warm PA culture were centrifuged at 3100 g for 10 min, and the bacterial cell pellet was resuspended × in cold phosphate buffer (PB, 8.2 mM Na2HPO4, 1.8 mM KH2PO4, pH 7.4). Optical density of the suspension was adjusted to 0.2 at 620 nm (approximately 107cfu/ml) by adding an appropriate volume of PB. The antimicrobial assay procedure was adapted from that described by Tomita et al.47 Reaction mixtures (final volume 50 ml) containing 10 ml of 107cfu/ml PA and 5 ml LL-37 diluted in PB (final concentration 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 10, 25, 50, and 100 μg/μl) were incubated at 37°C for 2 hr with vigorous shaking. In each experiment, reaction mixtures containing 5 μl of 0.01% acetic acid, the vehicle for diluting LL-37, acted as a control. At the end of the incubation, serial dilutions of each reaction mixture were used to inoculate NB agar plates. Samples (10 μl) were spread evenly over the surface of the plates using sterile glass spreaders. After incubation at 37°C for 24 hr, the plates were placed on a lightboard and a digital image captured using an Alpha Imager documentation system. The number of colonies was counted using the colony count software of the Alpha Imager. The percentage of bacteria killed by LL- 37 was calculated using the following equation: Killing (%) = ([number of PA colonies]control[number of PA colonies]- × LL-37)/[number of PA colonies]control 100%. EC50values were calculated using GraphPad Prism4 software (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA).
Additional experiments were also performed to test the antimicrobial activity of LL-37 against Staphylococcus aureus (SA; ATCC 29213) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE; ATCC 155). Testing conditions in these experiments were identical to those described for PA with the exception of replacing NB with trypticase soy broth.
A549 cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA) and were maintained in Ham's F12 with 10% FBS and passed by standard methods using trypsin/EDTA. For cytotoxicity assays, the cells (p89, 96) were grown to confluency in 96-well plates. LL-37 and scrambled LL- 3735 were diluted in culture medium with or without 10% FBS to give final concentrations of 50, 5, and 0.5 μg/ml. These concentrations matched those of the peptides during the adsorption phase of the antiviral assay. The cells were then exposed to the diluted peptides for 3 hr. Controls received either culture media alone or culture medium with 10% FBS. Positive controls were incubated with 0.002% benzalkonium chloride for 15 min. Four to five replicates were performed for each condition. Cytotoxicity was assessed using an MTT assay kit (Chemicon International, Temecula, CA, USA) as per the manufacturer's instructions.
A time-kill direct inactivation assay was used to determine the antiviral inhibitory activity of the antimicrobial peptides LL-37 and a scrambled peptide35 on two different DNA viruses: herpes simplex virus type 1 (McKrae strain) and several adenovirus serotypes (Ad3, Ad5, Ad8, Ad19) isolated from epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) patients presenting to The Charles T. Campbell Ophthalmic Microbiology Laboratory (Pittsburgh, PA, USA). In a single tube, each virus sample (~104pfu) was incubated directly with LL-37 (500 μg/ml, 111 μM), scrambled peptide (500 μg/ml, 111 μM), or PBS in a 37°C water bath. At 1 and 4 hr, 35 μl aliquots were removed from the virus-peptides and virus-PBS incubation mixtures and were diluted 1:10 in fresh ice-cold (0°C) media containing 10% fetal bovine serum to dilute the remaining virus and inactivate the peptides.48,49 The mixtures were further serially diluted and titrated the same day on A549 cells as previously described.50 In order to evaluate reproducibility, a series of 6 independent experiments comprising each virus assay were carried out at different times and the data analyzed statistically using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (Minitab 12 for Windows, Minitab, State College, PA, USA).
RT-PCR was performed to study LL-37/hCAP18 mRNA expression in human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells (Fig. 1A). LL-37/hCAP18 mRNA was constitutively expressed in six of seven scraped corneal epithelial samples and in all primary cultures of corneal (n = 8) and conjunctival (n 2) epithelial cells tested. Immunoblotting was performed = to study LL-37 peptide expression by human corneal epithelium. The results from four representative samples are shown in Figure 1B. LL-37 peptide was present in both scraped epithelial samples (n 6) and primary cultured epithelial cells (n=3)
Antibacterial assays were performed to study the activity of LL-37 against PA (ATCC 27853 and two clinical isolates). As shown in Figure 2, LL-37 inhibited growth of all three PA strains in a concentration-dependent manner. The EC50was 2.8 1.3 (n 3),= ± 1.9 ± 1.3 (n = 3), and 3.6 ± (n = 3) μg/ml for ATCC 2.1 27853 and the two clinical strains (PA 2219 and PA 2212), respectively. At 100 μg/ml, LL-37 was completely bactericidal for all strains of PA. LL-37 also showed potent bactericidal activity against SA and SE with EC50 values being 1.6 ± 1.5 (n = 3) and 1.31.9 (n 3) μg/ml, respectively.
A cell survival assay was performed to ensure that LL- 37 and scrambled LL-37 were not toxic to A549 cells at the concentrations tested in the antiviral assay (Fig. 3). Exposure to benzalkonium chloride, the positive control, caused significant A549 cell death (p ≥ 0.001, Student's t test), whereas neither LL-37 nor the scrambled peptide showed any toxicity toward A549 cells at any of the concentrations tested in the presence of 10% FBS (n = 2). Identical results were obtained when the experiment was carried out in the absence of 10% FBS (data not shown).
As LL-37 and the scrambled peptide were shown to be nontoxic in A549 cells at the concentration tested, the antiviral assays results shown in Figures 4 and and55 could be properly ascribed to the peptides' intrinsic inhibitory capabilities. For HSV-1 (Fig. 4), LL-37 produced a highly significant (p < 0.001 ANOVA)≥ 2 log reduction in HSV-1 titers compared to PBS and scrambled peptide at 4 hr. Although the scrambled peptide demonstrated limited inhibition of HSV-1 relative to the PBS control (p < 0.001), it was significantly less (p < 0.001) than that of LL-37.
Among the Ad serotypes tested (Ad8, Ad5, Ad3) at 4 hr, all demonstrated a trend toward showing an inhibitory effect by LL-37 (Fig. 4). However, only Ad19 demonstrated statistically significant (p < 0.001 ANOVA) reduction in titers compared to the scrambled peptide and PBS controls. Like for HSV-1, the scrambled peptide again demonstrated limited inhibition of Ad19 relative to the PBS control (p < 0.001), but was significantly less (p < 0.001) than that of the LL-37.
The time-kill curves comparing HSV-1 and Ad19 over 4 hr are summarized in Figure 5. For HSV-1, LL- 37 produced a rapid, highly significant (p < 0 .007) 2 log reduction in viral titers within 1 hr, while for Ad19,there was a much slower progressive reducion in titers to reach a maximum effect at 4 hr. These differences in the slopes of the kill curves suggest a possible different mechanism of inhibitory action of LL-37 for an enveloped virus (HSV-1) compared to a nonenveloped virus (Ad19).48
LL-37 is a multifunctional peptide with many important biological activities: antimicrobial activity, chemoattraction, dendritic cell differentiation, mast cell degranulation, cytokine secretion, angiogenesis stimulation, and wound healing.2,3,14,18,31-34,36,37 The current study reports for the first time that the epithelial cells of both the cornea and conjunctiva express this important effector of innate immunity. This discovery was initially reported in 200351 and has recently been confirmed in a report by Dua et al.52 Our discovery of LL-37 as a part of ocular mucosal defense complements previous studies that have demonstrated that α-defensins hBD-1, -2, and -3 are also secreted by conjunctival and corneal epithelium.39-43,53 Taken together, these findings suggest that the ocular surface must be added to the growing list of mucosal surfaces throughout the body where multifunctional cationic peptides operate as part of innate immunity.
LL-37 may have several activities at the ocular surface. It is likely to be involved in direct killing of invading pathogens and through its various effector activities may be involved in regulating the ocular surface immune response and wound healing. Indeed, preliminary studies from our laboratory do show that LL-37 can stimulate corneal epithelial cell migration.54 In this report, we focused our attention on the role of LL-37 as an ocular antimicrobial peptide and studied its effectiveness against common ocular pathogens.
We investigated the antimicrobial activity of synthetic LL-37 against the Gram-positive (SE, SA) and Gram-negative (PA) organisms most often responsible for bacterial keratitis and the pathogens most frequently associated with keratitis in contact lens wear.55-57 We found LL-37 to have potent antibacterial activity against both a laboratory strain and clinical isolates of PA. Our EC50values of approximately 2-4 μg/ml compare well with published studies of the effectiveness of LL-37 against other PA strains.20,27,28,58,59 LL-37 also demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against the most common Gram-positive keratitis-producing organisms: SE (mean EC501.3 μg/ml) and SA (mean EC501.6 μg/ml).
To explore a possible broader antimicrobial role of LL-37 in defense of the ocular surface, we also studied the effectiveness of the peptide against ocular viral pathogens in a direct inactivation assay. We report for the first time that LL-37 demonstrates significant antiviral inhibitory activity (>98% inhibition) against HSV-1, the leading viral cause of corneal blindness in industrialized countries.60 In a previous study, Yasin et al. reported limited anti-HSV-1 activity for LL-37 compared to two other more potent antimicrobial peptides, brevidin and indolicidin, in a MTT assay.29 The differences in results between the studies may be explained by differences in HSV-1 virus strains, host cells, incubation times, peptide concentrations, and the protocol for the antiviral assays used.
Additionally, we report for the first time that LL- 37 demonstrated statistically significant inhibitory activity in vitro against Ad19, a major cause of conjunctivitis and epidemic keratoconjunctivitis in local and global epidemics.61 Previous studies have reported that certain defensins have antiviral activity against genetically engineered adenovirus type 5 vectors used in gene therapy,62,63 but there are no earlier reports that any antimicrobial peptides (defensins or LL-37) can inhibit wild-type pathogenic adenoviruses. Our observation represents a "proof-of-principle" that an antimicrobial peptide can inhibit at least one nonenveloped virus under experimental conditions by direct inactivation. Serotype differences in the susceptibility to LL-37 may be related to the known structural differences among different Ad serotypes in the hypervariable region of the hexon capsid64 and the penton fiber.65
We evaluated specificity in our in vitro antiviral assay by comparing the inhibitory activity of the LL-37 to a scrambled peptide (same size, same amino acids in a different order) that had previously demonstrated no activity in promoting angiogenesis35 or corneal epithelial cell migration.51 We conclude that "reasonable" specificity was demonstrated in our studies as limited inhibition was achieved by the scrambled peptide against HSV-1 and Ad19. Notably for both viruses, the effect of the scrambled peptide was significantly less than for LL- 37 (Fig. 4). We explain the limited activity of the scrambled peptide on the fact that the antimicrobial function of peptides is known to be multivariate being dependent not only on size and sequence but also charge, degree of structuring (helicity), overall hydrophobicity, amphipathicity, and the angles subtended by hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces of a helical molecule.66 Therefore, size and amino acid sequence alone appeared to be insufficient to demonstrate complete specificity for the two different viruses tested.
The current study suggests possible differences in the mechanism of inhibition based on the slopes of the LL-37 curves in the time-kill assays. The rapid killing of HSV-1 (<1 hr) suggests that permeabilization of the external lipid membrane is the most likely mechanism. This mechanism has been previously proposed for all cationic peptides (e.g., defensins) against HSV-1 and other enveloped viruses, bacteria, and fungi.2,37,48,58,67,68 Furthermore, the antiviral activity of LL-37 against vaccinia virus30 has also been attributed to its direct disruptive action on the viral envelope. Interestingly, recent studies of defensins69,70 and other peptides71,72 against HSV and defensins against HIV73-75 indicate that prevention of viral entry is another important mechanism of peptide inhibitory action against these enveloped viruses.
Unlike enveloped viruses, all adenoviridae lack a surrounding host cell-derived lipid membrane suggesting that the direct killing through permeabilization of the viral envelope cannot be the operative mechanism. Alternative mechanisms such as disruption of the adenovirus particle (detergent-effect) and/or blockage of viral entry (attachment/endocytosis) into the cell remain possibilities requiring further clarification. Further studies are planned with LL-37 at different times in the adenovirus life cycle to further delineate extracellular and possible intracellular mechanisms of inhibition.
The evolutionary selection of diverse antimicrobial peptides based on a recently described universal multidimensional signature (i.e., a common three-dimensional structure) appears to be an essential component of innate immunity.76 During the past 2.6 billion years, most life forms (bacteria, fungi, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates) have successfully used these peptides to defend against a hostile surrounding microbial world. The rapid doubling time of bacteria has been considered by many to be the driving force for the evolution of innate immunity, as the threat is constant and the speed of host response must be appropriate to the pathogen.68 For this reason, any antiviral activity demonstrated by antimicrobial peptides against enveloped viruses has been deemed secondary to the common mechanism of action, permeabilization of membranes. The recent observations that defensins can actually prevent entry of HSV69,70 and HIV,73-75 both enveloped viruses, and our observation here that LL-37 is effective against the nonenveloped virus Ad19 strongly support the notion that the antiviral activity of antimicrobial peptides is not coincidental but an important part of innate immunity that concurrently evolved with its antibacterial and antifungal capabilities. Although the time frame of virus replication is admittedly longer (20+ hr) than bacteria, the optimal strategy to limit these obligate intracellular parasites is to destroy them rapidly externally and/or prevent their entry into uninfected host cells. Like bacteria, this strategy also requires a rapid host response. Therefore, we surmise that evolution would likely select for rapidly mobilized effector molecules with antiviral capabilities (e.g., antimicrobial peptides) to protect host cells from invasion, colonization (HSV-1 latency), and death. A number of in vivo studies have shown that antimicrobial peptides (defensins and cathelicidins) are effective in defense against bacterial infections.69,70,77-79 Whether biologically significant antiviral activity of these peptides can be expanded beyond enveloped viruses to include nonenveloped viruses remains a distinct possibility, but further confirmation is required.
This work was supported by EY 008227 (Y.J.G.), Core Grant for Vision Research EY08098, The Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburgh, Research for the Prevention of Blindness, University of Houston Gear grant and EY-13175 (A.M.M.). The authors are grateful to Lions Eye Banks (Central Florida and Heartlands) for supplying the human corneas and to Dr. Robert Lehrer (UCLA) for his generous donation of LL-37 antibodies. Thanks also to Dr. Bradley Mitchell (Baylor College of Medicine) for providing the clinical PA isolates, Srihari Narayanan for culturing conjunctival epithelial cells, and Daniele Jean for assisting with the antibacterial assay.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


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Massachusetts Election
January 19, 2010 by USA Post
Massachusetts Election:BOSTON, Jan. 19 (UPI) — The Massachusetts election to fill the last two years of Ted Kennedy's U.S. Senate term is Tuesday with a Republican apparently on the verge of taking the seat.
Polls indicate Republican Scott Brown has the lead over Democrat Martha Coakley. At stake is the Democrats' supermajority of 60 seats in the Senate.
Kennedy died Aug. 25 and Paul Kirk was selected to represent the commonwealth until the special election, which was predicted to be an easy win for Democrats.
But a series of events have put the outcome in doubt. Even in Massachusetts there is a general dislike for many national Democratic Party policies and Coakley has run a poor campaign.
High-profile Democrats, including former President Bill Clinton and current President Barack Obama last weekend, have campaigned to keep the seat in their party's hands.
Brown has run a campaign from the beginning that didn't concede anything to Coakley. That helped him gain momentum, which then grabbed national attention — and donations — further fueling his efforts.
Brown said he would be the needed vote for Republicans to stop the Democrats' healthcare reform legislation. It is unclear, how long it will take state officials to confirm any vote outcome either way.
Massachusetts election
U.S. education
Marrying up
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The Atlanta Falcons announced that WR Michael Jenkins will miss four to six weeks with a shoulder injury.
FLOWERY BRANCH - Atlanta Falcons coach Mike Smith says the status of receiver Michael Jenkins' injured shoulder is still uncertain.
SUWANEE - Atlanta Falcons receiver Michael Jenkins appeared to injure a shoulder during a team scrimmage on Friday night.
FLOWERY BRANCH - Sean Weatherspoon doesn't mind the blazing temperatures of training camp. The Atlanta Falcons' rookie linebacker can't stop smiling.
FLOWERY BRANCH - Harry Douglas is on the verge of reclaiming his status as a potential breakout receiver for the Atlanta Falcons.
FLOWERY BRANCH - The NFL has suspended Falcons defensive tackle Jonathan Babineaux for one game following his arrest last year on marijuana charges.
FLOWERY BRANCH - Michael Turner is getting his swagger back.
FLOWERY BRANCH - Middle linebacker Curtis Lofton takes it personally when the Atlanta Falcons make mental mistakes.
FLOWERY BRANCH - Roddy White hopes Michael Vick never has another brush with law enforcement.
FLOWERY BRANCH - Optimism for the opening of Atlanta Falcons training camp isn't really a new concept. Even during the down years as the organization went through summer practices in Suwanee, fans would show up for the opening of camp with the thought maybe that would be the year the Falcons would head in the right direction.
FLOWERY BRANCH - Dripping with sweat after a two-hour practice, Tony Gonzalez couldn't keep a smile off his face.
FLOWERY BRANCH - The Atlanta Falcons are aiming high in Year 3 of the Matt Ryan era.
ATLANTA - First-round draft pick Sean Weatherspoon has reported for training camp after reaching an agreement on a contract with the Atlanta Falcons.
Peaks and valleys. Exhiliration and despair. Highs, lows and left turns into the realm of the utterly bizarre.
Page 67 of 109
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"Understaffed on D8 at QMC"
About: Queen's Medical Centre / General surgery Queen's Medical Centre General surgery NG7 2UH
Posted by Diligent960 (as ),
I was a patient on ward D8 at the Queen's Medical Centre for treatment to my spine.
I was left on a bedpan for 20-30 minutes, and this was most uncomfortable as it was digging into the incision which was made during the operation. Also, the contents of the bedpan spilt all over the bed and me. The nurses don't have time to see you - there were 2 nurses to cope with 6 patients in my bay and another 6 patients in the next bay.


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Jennifer Lopez Dressup
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Can I advertise a property to let on Zoopla although I am not an agent?
Asked on Oct 15 2010, Renting in London | Report content
Answers (2)
Sort by: Oldest | Recent | Highest rated
Generally only agents can advertise on the major property portals, which can be a problem if you don't want to use an agent, but you need access to good internet advertising. There are some sites like Gumtree and Globrix where you can advertise your property for free but the results from these sites don't tend to be as good. However I may have a solution to your problem - please contact me if interested.Answered on Oct 16 2010, Report content
Not privately, althought try the tempt me section (I haven't checked if it is also suited for letting-my apologies if not). Gumtree seems increasingly popular for the private landlord.Answered on Oct 19 2010, Report content
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State Police reports multiple crashes along Interstate 10 westbound in Iberville and St. Martin parishes.
The right lane that had been blocked earlier on I-10 westbound at mile-marker 126, just past Whiskey Bay resulting from one of these accidents has been reopened, the state Department of Transportation and Development reported on Twitter.
Motorists are advised to avoid I-10 westbound for the next several hours, and use La. 415 to U.S. 190 as an alternate route, State Police said through an advisory.
Congestion is estimated at approximately 9 miles, the DOTD reported.
Police described these accidents as "multiple minor crashes" and that traffic is heavy through these areas.


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BITSAT Syllabus
Applicants who are preparing for the upcoming Birla Institute of Technology and Science Admission Test and looking for BITSAT Syllabus 2016 they are at the right page. You can check the BITSAT Syllabus with exam pattern and check that weather you are eligible for the test or not by the help of the information provided on this page.
Birla Institute of Technology and Science Admission Test is a computer based online examination which is conducted for those candidates who want to take admission in degree programs in Engineering, Sciences, Technology, Pharmacy, Management and Humanities of BITS Pilani, BITS Hyderabad and BITS Goa campus.
How to prepare for Written Test / Exam
So candidates who are preparing for this Exam they must have BITSAT Syllabus 2016 which is provided on the beneath section of this page by the team of bharatrecruitment.com.
|Name of the Institute
|Birla Institute of Technology and Science
|This Page Includes
|BITSAT Exam Pattern
|BITSAT Syllabus 2016
|Eligibility Criteria
BITSAT Exam Pattern
|Exam Section
|Subject in BITSAT
|No of questions
|Part I
|Part II
|Part III
|(a) English Proficiency (b) Logical Reasoning
|Part IV
BITSAT Syllabus
- Units & Measurement Kinematics
- Newton's Laws of Motion
- Impulse and Momentum
- Work and Energy
- Rotational Motion
- Gravitation
- Mechanics of Solids and Fluids
- Oscillations
- Waves
- Heat and Thermodynamics
- Electrostatics
- Current Electricity
- Magnetic Effect of Current
- Electromagnetic Induction
- Optics
- Modern Physics
- States of Matter
- Atomic Structure
- Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure
- Thermodynamics
- Physical and Chemical Equilibria
- Electrochemistry
- Chemical Kinetics
- Hydrogen and s-block elements
- p- d- and f-block elements
- Principles of Organic Chemistry and Hydrocarbons
- Stereochemistry
- Organic Compounds with Functional Groups Containing Oxygen and Nitrogen
- Biological , Industrial and Environmental chemistry
- Theoretical Principles of Experimental Chemistry
- Algebra
- Trigonometry
- Two-dimensional Coordinate Geometry
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- Differential calculus
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- Ordinary Differential Equations
- Probability
- Vectors
- Statistics
- Linear Programming
Quantitative Aptitude Online Test
English Proficiency:
- Grammar
- Vocabulary
- Reading Comprehension
- Composition
Logical Reasoning:
- Verbal Reasoning
- Non verbal Reasoning
Eligibility Criteria
For First Degree programmes of BITS except B.Pharm.(Hons.):
Aspirants must have passed 10+2 from a recognized Central or State board or its equivalent with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics and adequate proficiency in English.
For B.Pharm.(Hons.):
Applicants must have passed 10+2 from a recognized Central or State board or its equivalent with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology and adequate proficiency in English. Candidates with PCM are also eligible for Pharmacy program.
You may also like to Read
|Written Exam Tips / Techniques
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Posted on November 17, 2013 by Anne Milneck | 0 comments
Amy recently joined the Red Stick Spice staff, and we're a lot better for it. Amy is a talented home cook and an even more talented baker. While you're in store, talk with Amy about baking. She has great baking tips. Be sure to ask...
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Breaking Wind
I know right now it looks like you'd be better off investing in earth-friendly rain gear or perhaps an eco-kind Bible made from recycled paper so that you may be as green as possible in the swiftly moving apocalypse that is advancing upon us from the heavens. But someday it's going to be really effing hot and sunny in North Texas again. And you're going to need to crank that AC up to full blast. And you're going to want to save the puppies and kittens and baby trees and endangered glaciers and your wallet while you're at it, right? Right. Mainly the wallet part, really, but we're all for glaciers too.
Save on Energy is a Texas-based "energy marketing firm" (according to their press release) that helps you compare electricity prices over several different providers, from Green Mountain (those dudes nagging you outside Buffalo Exchange every weekend) to TXU (that company that sets your hard-earned cash on fire in its coal plants every month). Looks like Richardson-based Cirro Energy and Hudson Energy are the smartest buys, with a $0.123 per kilowatt hour average rate -- so long as you sign a 12-month contract.
But neither of those companies bring you the warm, fuzzy deal that Save on Energy, Commerce Energy and the Dallas Area Habitat For Humanity are sponsoring via EnergyDallas.com. Sign up for Commerce Energy's 50-percent or 100-percent wind-powered electric plans (at a reasonable $0.13 or $0.128 rate, with a year contract), and a portion of the proceeds go to Habitat for Humanity. So you get to save the earth and give a leg up to a few poor folk who live on it. You're so freaking nice. Gawd. --Andrea Grimes
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These Scariest Places In The UK Will Give You Nightmares
Do you believe in ghosts? Does the supernatural tend to freak you out? Or are you just too much of an adventurist who just loves to wander off into creepy territories?
Well, if you are, then here's a treat for you. Here's a rumored shortlist of the places which are said to be haunted places in the United Kingdom. So next time you plan to hit the most spooky places for a visit, do remember to include these in your list!


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I don't like february- in Germany it's the coldest time of the year. No big fashion choices at minus 15 degrees celsius...
Japan has a milder climate, but the houses are often poorly isolated, hence staying indoors or outdoors doesn't really make a difference and everybody gathers around tiny heaters and kotatsu tables (the frame of a kotatsu has an integrated electric heater and is covered by a heavy blanket).
During my exchange year in Hiroshima, I experienced my first Japanese winter. It was snowing for the first time in a decade. We were not allowed to wear tights with our school uniform and everybody was freezingI keep remembering that, when I see Japanese girls sporting "bare legs-mini skirt-styles" in winter.
Nya~ enough with the whining- february in Japan also has its pros, like yummy seasonal dishes or you can visit famous places, which are not as crowed as usual
|Asakusa Sensoji
|no idea, why this ojichan is in the pic
|yummy temaki sushi filling
|trip to Nikko, which is famous for its beautiful...
|...shrines & temples
|aw~ a kitty is the guardian spirit of this shrine❤
|Nikko is quite a magical place~ I wonder, if Totoro lives here...


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It's official — Mario Lopez and Courtney Mazza are husband and wife!
The X Factor host and Broadway actress tied the knot today in Punta Mita, Mexico, where over 150 close friends and family members joined them.
"I can't wait to get married," Mario previously told Life & Style. "I just want to make sure that everyone has a good time."
EXCLUSIVE: Mario Lopez reveals wedding details
And what a wedding it was!
Aside from the music — mariachis, a DJ and salsa music, which Mario was in charge of — guests enjoyed Italian and Mexican fare to accommodate Courtney's Italian family and Mario's Mexican relatives.
"There will be cocktails, a taco bar with beef, chicken and seafood tacos, a fresh fruit bar and a Tequila bar — with Tequila from all over Mexico," a source told Life & Style before the wedding, with another insider adding, "There will be fresh fish and chicken served Mexican-style, and vegetable lasagna, plus other pasta dishes and plenty of fresh, organic vegetables."
So what about the couple's wedding cake? The newlyweds enjoyed a custom-made confection by Buddy Valastro from TLC's Cake Boss.
"Courtney wanted a chocolate cake and he longed for red velvet layers," the source says, adding, "But the two finally agreed on alternating layers of chocolate and red velvet, with a creamy vanilla frosting."
NEWS: X Factor's Mario Lopez talks wedding; can't wait for Courtney Mazza to be Mrs. Lopez
Eva Longoria fulfilled her bridesmaid duties, but it was Courtney and Mario's daughter Gia who stole the show as flower girl.
As for the honeymoon, a source close to the couple, who got engaged last December, tells Life & Style that the getaway will have to be postponed.
"Mario and Courtney will not be having a honeymoon after the wedding, not even a small one because Mario is too busy working," the source confessed. "They are planning a honeymoon sometime down the line but not planned yet. They have agreed to start trying for baby number two right after they tie the knot, so their planned honeymoon could be put on hold a second time!"
Congratulations to the new Mr. & Mrs. Lopez!
Want to go inside the big day? You can on TLC! Tune in on Dec. 8 at 8 p.m. ET to watch Mario & Courtney's Wedding Fiesta!
Woo hoo!
Your life just got exponentially better and more stylish now you've signed up for our newsletter. Fabulousness awaits!


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Mikhalia the Picky wrote:
I -want- to play the game. I -want- to enjoy the game. Seems like SE's goal was to design a game where you can log on for 1-2 hours and still play the game. I guess they got what they wanted, because whenever I log on for 1-2 hours, I want to play something else instead. Ditto for the fiancee.
Caia wrote:
If I really wanted to get back into an SE MMORPG, I'd go back to FFXI. However, SE thought it best to ***** me over with the Secure Card fiasco. Generally, I think SE just doesn't WANT my money these days. If they do, they sure have a funny way of showing it.
Two intelligent posts and back to back... what are these forums coming to?
I get the feeling that this is the sentiment shared by most everyone on these forums with the exception being the minority(fanboys and haters). These posts pretty much sum up how FFXIV is doing at the moment. I actually thought about trying out a buddy pass to see if SE could work a miracle sometime before now and christmas, but the thought of trying to set up an account scared me off.


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What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
JotForm Support
Is there a way for the form to verify with an existing list of members?Asked by Mike on December 23, 2015 at 11:28 AM
Reply to the next thread:
I have another question for you. I am making a registration form that asks if a user is a member or not. Is there a way for the form to verify with an existing list of members to verify. Unfortunately, our members do not have a unique member ID and they do have a license number but they need not be our member.
Hope pe you are understanding my problem. Please have a solution for me. I really love your forms and the conditional formatting. Now, this is another issue coming up in our meetings.
Please help.
We do not provide login/membership features at JotForm, so that there is no built-in option to verify user details.
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If you need any further assistance, please let us know.


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1844 Wildwood Drive, Hillsdale 49242
See more homes for sale in Hillsdale, MI
This property has been Sold!
07/22/2016 at $124,000
Well maintained 3 Bedroom, 2-1/2 Bath Family Home in one of Hillsdale's premier subdivisions features Stainless Steel Appliances, Granite Countertops, Hardwood Floors and new hot water furnace installed January 2016. This corner lot home with mature trees also has wonderful outdoor space with a spacious deck and Gazebo. 2 spacious storage buildings to store the toys and tools. The nicely landscaped yard with extra driveway complete this private neighborhood home. Agent Owned(7949)
Property Information
- Status
- Sold
- Address
- 1844 Wildwood Drive
- City
- Hillsdale
- Zip
- 49242
- County
- Hillsdale
- Township
- Hillsdale City
- Total Finished SqFt
- 1,632
- Above Grade SqFt
- 1,056
- Garage Desc.
- 2, Attached
- Water
- Well
- Sewer
- Septic System
- Year Built
- 1976
School Information
- School District
- Hillsdale
- Elementary School
- Gier
- Middle School
- Davis
- High School
- Hillsdale
- Taxes
- $1,035
Rooms and Land
- MasterBedroom
- 13X10 1st Floor
- Bedroom2
- 10X10 1st Floor
- Bedroom3
- 13X10 1st Floor
- Bath
- 10X6 1st Floor
- Dining
- 12X10 1st Floor
- Family
- 22X14 Lower Floor
- Kitchen
- 9X11 1st Floor
- Laundry
- 10X10 Lower Floor
- Living
- 15X11 1st Floor
- Basement
- Partial Basement
- Cooling
- Window Unit
- Heating
- Hot Water, Natural Gas
- Acreage
- 0.33
- Lot Dimensions
- 140 x 101
- Appliances
- Dishwasher, Garbage Disposal, Microwave, Range, Refrigerator
- Fireplace Desc.
- Family, Wood
- Features
- All Window Treatments, Ceiling Fans, Garage Door Opener, Home Warranty, Laminate Floor, Satellite System, Water Softener/Owned, Wood Floor
- Exterior Materials
- Aluminum, Brick
- Exterior Features
- Deck(s), Gazebo
Listing Video for 1844 Wildwood Drive, Hillsdale MI 49242
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Listing Broker
Listing Courtesy of Century 21 Affiliated
Office Address 55 Spring Street
Listing Agent Desiree Thomas
Listings last updated: . Some properties that appear for sale on this web site may subsequently have been sold and may no longer be available.
Our Michigan real estate agents can answer all of your questions about 1844 Wildwood Drive, Hillsdale MI 49242. Real Estate One, Max Broock Realtors, and J&J Realtors are part of the Real Estate One Family of Companies and dominate the Hillsdale, Michigan real estate market. To sell or buy a home in Hillsdale, Michigan, contact our real estate agents as we know the Hillsdale, Michigan real estate market better than anyone with over 100 years of experience in Hillsdale, Michigan real estate for sale.
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All information deemed materially reliable but not guaranteed. Interested parties are encouraged to verify all information. Copyright© 2017 MichRIC LLC, All rights reserved.


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Maruti Suzuki's very first offering from the Nexa outlet is being recalled pan India. Over 20,000 units of the S-Cross are being recalled for a potential fault in the brake assembly. A Service Campaign is being organised by Maruti Suzuki to inspect and rectify any issue if found.
The S-Cross models manufactured by Maruti Suzuki, during April 20, 2015, to February 12, 2016. Free of cost inspection will be conducted, if a fault is found in the brake assembly, it will be replaced by Maruti Suzuki for free.
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Both variants of the S-Cross are affected by the faulty brake components. The DDiS 200 and DDiS 320 variants of S-Cross will be recalled. It is estimated that approximately 20,427 units of the S-Cross could be affected by the recall.


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Alright I just ran through my initial scan and I really love this thing. It is a kick ass program.
A few questions though:
1.) This is probably due to my idiocy, but it shows me DIMM 1 and DIMM 2 and then 533 as the speed (for example.. haevn't checked any other computers). Is there a way I can have it tell me the memory TYPE? (e.g. DDR PC2100, DDR2 etc)
2.) In a report, can I set it up so that the memory information (rather than JUST the amount) is located on the report?
3.) Finally, again dealing with memory.. is it possible to create an alert about Memory? This one is not such a big deal with the report but it'd be kinda nice.. then I could rely soley on the alerts that pop up.
Thanks a lot for this wonderful product!
3 Replies
Jan 10, 2007 at 5:09 UTC
I am not sure these things can be done, yet.
Jan 10, 2007 at 5:31 UTC
Sam IT is an IT service provider.
Alright but I'll be keenly awaiting the day this is an option!
Thanks again,
Apr 13, 2010 at 12:02 UTC
Niagara Technology Group (NTG) is an IT service provider.
I believe that it shows this now.
This discussion has been inactive for over a year.
You may get a better answer to your question by starting a new discussion.


text:
|Reviews for Five Time Jeremy Calls Her Betsy-Beary (And One Time He Doesn't)
| Clementine Buttersnaps chapter 1 . 1/23/2015
I didn't realize how much I loved this pairing until I read your story. This was impossibly adorable in every way. Now I have to find more Jetsy.
| bloodredcherry chapter 1 . 5/22/2014
This was wonderful! I love fluff, and I really enjoyed this story. I love this pairing, and I am so glad that I found this story.
| ncisloverinnc chapter 1 . 8/24/2013
So sweet! I thought I would die laughing, though, at part five. I could completely envision it happening! The Castellano regime, indeed :)
| Guest chapter 1 . 7/23/2013
This is such a cute little story! I live it. You should make more.
| cactuscorsage chapter 1 . 6/23/2013
I thought that I was the only person who shipped these two together! This was adorable, and the concept of Jeremy calling her Betsy-Beary is amazing.
| sidsaid chapter 1 . 6/10/2013
Perfection :')
| Danigirl84 chapter 1 . 4/19/2013
Oh my gosh I love this! Ever since the episode where they went to steal the watch and he didn't do it because it upset Betsy I thought this has serious potential. I am so happy to see I wasn't the only one, because when I couldn't find any stories about them I thought I was imagining it. I hope you keep writing more. This was great!
| janedra chapter 1 . 4/17/2013
Aw, this was really sweet! I think this could work on the show & It would be fun if they were keeping it a secret for a while, I think. Drunk Jeremy is a cute idea, too.
| Ooh a Jellybean chapter 1 . 4/16/2013
This is so adorable! I loved the part where Jeremy saved Betsey from the Castellano regime. Poor Betsey in the beginning though.
| ahhh chapter 1 . 4/13/2013
Thank you. Just thank you.
| Dramatic Melody chapter 1 . 4/15/2013
This is perfect, especially for the first fic for the couple. (; I think you captured them both perfectly! Hope to see more from you!
| quisinart4 chapter 1 . 4/15/2013
This was so adorable! I admit, I'm such a huge Danny/Mindy fan that sometimes I felt like I was squealing more at the hints dropped about their relationship throughout the fic, but I think I could get behind the idea of these two if they get more screentime, together and individually, so it feels like we know them better. Hopefully in s2!
I think my biggest clue that this was real for Jeremy was right in the first section when he recognizes she has a crush on him and he doesn't relish in it like he would if it was any other woman, because he truly doesn't want to hurt her. That was a great insight into them to make their relationship real. And Betsy is such a sweetheart for apologizing for the crush when she's about to leave, aw!
I will say that the fourth section had me in tears. You set up the scene so vividly, poor Betsy having to sit through those comments. The line where you described how it looks like she's been slapped, I had to take a deep breath and try not to cry. But his reassurance was lovely :)
I think the fifth section (and the proposal!) section was my favorite because I literally had to stop reading and laugh at Jeremy mentioning the "Castellano regime." DEAD! Hahaha, brilliant. And love Danny being such a chicken and inappropriate with PDA that he has to use Mindy to voice is concerns. Oh, and love the mention of Mindy apologizing with muffin baskets hehe. Anyway, it was simply adorable! Great work! :) Cannot wait to read your next piece.
| bsloths chapter 1 . 4/14/2013
I think section five is my very favorite, but they're all great! Thanks for adding to the Jeremy/Betsy fic pile - they needed more! And this was totally squee-worthy and cute and funny and perfectly in character. Loved it!
| staticGrace chapter 1 . 4/14/2013
Comletely adored this story, I hope we get to see more Betsy and Betsy/Jeremy in the future, I think they really hit on something with this duo and you did a great job with the characterizations!
| Churcoise chapter 1 . 4/14/2013
This is so cute! I love Jeremy and Betsy together. Do you think you'll write anymore "chronicles" about the two?


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JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
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Can I use Integration with Google Drive and don't use the quota I get from JotFormAsked by iecampus on October 01, 2012 at 08:53 AM
Since I'm already storing the files on my Google Drive, I don't want to spend my quota with thsi files. Is it possible
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Check out Maria's new book at http://www.whateverloveislove.com … [Read more...]
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Many people asked "Why Now?" to my article last month, here is the answer to that. Originally published 12/20/12 in the New York Times Maria Bello: Partnerships, Love and Conversations, to Be Continued By MARIA BELLO "Why now?" Many people have asked me that question after reading my Modern Love … [Read more...]
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Kukla's Korner Hockey
Ottawa Signs Craig Anderson To Four Year Extension
by Paul on 03/21/11 at 01:14 PM ET
Comments (5)
per Bruce Garrioch tweet,
Signed Craig Anderson to a four-year contract.
Filed in: NHL Teams, Ottawa Senators, | KK Hockey | Permalink
Tags: craig+anderson
$12.75M over four years.
Posted by Paul from Motown Area on 03/21/11 at 01:28 PM ET
Seems like a bit much rather quickly, but I guess they're trust trying to get whatever they can solidified.
Posted by NHLJeff from Pens fan in Denver on 03/21/11 at 01:29 PM ET
Looks like salaries may be trending back up for netminders.
Wonder what Vokoun will command this summer?
Posted by Leo_Racicot on 03/21/11 at 01:41 PM ET
Too long by at least a year, more probably 2 years.
I find it hard to believe Murray is allowed to sign this deal unless the plan is for him to continue to be part of the organization.
Posted by Da lil Guy from Guelph, Ontario on 03/21/11 at 02:37 PM ET
Wonder what Vokoun will command this summer?
Posted by Leo_Racicot on 03/21/11 at 11:41 AM ET
I don't think the Panthers can afford to keep Vokoun; he's outta there.
Posted by SYF from Twerkin' with Anastasia Ashley on 03/21/11 at 05:27 PM ET
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Bad In Colorado And Getting Good In Edmonton
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About Kukla's Korner Hockey
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From breaking news to in-depth stories around the league, KK Hockey is updated with fresh stories all day long and will bring you the latest news as quickly as possible.
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Mature Series
Mature Series
Conquering the Fearsome FoursomeYoung Man finds fun at the country club.
Convalescent LeaveA soldier wounded in combat meets up with his older ex-boss.
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Cougar and her Five Virginal CubsKathleen matures five, young men with hands on sex ed.
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Cougar ChroniclesAn older women seduces her first lover's son.
Cougar MeatHe was cougar meat to his new boss - and his fiancée knew it.
Could Have Been MeMorgan Daniels has an encounter with an older man.


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A whoopie pie recipe to die for, or a way to have them delivered if you're not up to the task.
First it was cupcakes, then Rice Krispies treats and donuts, too. Next up on my approved-dessert-trends roster: whoopie pies. Father's Day is the perfect excuse to get in on this trend and Batter & Cream, an online specialty whoopie pie bakery, makes it easy with this whoopie pie recipe that Cool Mom Picks has got exclusively for you. And this is no ordinary whoopie pie recipe my friends–this is their Chocolate Stout Ganache Whoopie Pie with Peanuts, which sounds perfect for Father's Day, don't you think? Or you know, any day. Chocolate Stout Whoopie Pie with Peanuts (printed with permission) Makes 12-14...Read More


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Call of Duty: Ghosts PS4 frame-rate complaints
Wednesday, November 06 2013 @ 03:17 PM GMT
Contributed by: VRANDAS
Views: 3,051
Reviews of Call of Duty : Ghosts have reported problems with the graphics on PS4
Testers said that its frame rate dropped at several points during the game causing a stutter-effect, so the PlayStation 4 version does not maintain a consistent frame rate as desired. Frame rate hitches happen throughout the campaign. In multiplayer the frame-rate stutter is significant enough to let targets escape to safety or see you killed during the general mayhem...
The PS4 version of Call of Duty : Ghosts is the only console edition that renders its images in 1080p high definition. The Xbox One will create a less processor-intensive 720p resolution.
"One of the key pillars of Call of Duty : Ghosts has been 60 frames per second... and ensuring that was of utmost importance, and the resolutions that appear are geared around that," said Infinity Ward's Mark Rubin. "The different way the new consoles handled memory had contributed to a decision to support 1080p graphics on Sony's machine but not Microsoft's."
The PS4 version of the game is already on sale, but the Xbox One console will not be released until 15 November in North America and 29 November in Europe.
Reviews of the Xbox One version of Call of Duty : Ghosts remain under embargo until 12 November.