text: In 2011, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) showcased Liter of Light as a shining star in the Philippines and in Asia. Focusing on how the Solar Bulbs mitigate the problem of climate change and allow adaptation to take place within the world, the UNFCC humbled the MyShelter foundation by featuring us in their international website. Truly, it is a humbling experience and a proud moment for Filipinos the world over. Proof that ground-shattering solutions can be found in the grassroots level, Filipinos are proving that we can, together, change the world.


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You Can Enjoy an Oreo Hot Chocolate
Dunkin' Donuts has done it again.
Dunkin' Donuts has done it again.
So Nabisco came out with a couple of new Oreo flavors. I believe they arrived in stores on February 3rd, not that I was checking or anything, actually I was, but I couldn't find the new flavors until this past weekend. Marshmallow Crispy and Cookie Dough.

subset: commoncrawl


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Question: Why is product customer focus an important characteristic of successful entrepreneurs
Why is product/customer focus an important characteristic of successful entrepreneurs?
View Solution:
View Solution:
Answer to relevant QuestionsWhat are the five common myths of entrepreneurship? In general, what effects does entrepreneurship have on economies and societies throughout the world? A friend of yours with whom you went to high school and now university as well is talking to you about his interest in becoming an entrepreneur. In a way, this does not surprise you in that Jackson, your friend, has always ...What is entrepreneurship? What is entrepreneurial alertness and why is it important to entrepreneurs?
Post your question


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Dutch volleyball star found dead in Spain – report
The body of a Dutch volleyball star has reportedly been discovered in a shallow grave in Spain just days after she went missing along with her partner. Former Olympian Ingrid Visser, 35, and her boyfriend Lodewijk Severein, 57, disappeared earlier this month (May13) after they travelled to the Spanish city of Murcia for fertility treatment.
The couple was last seen on 13 May (13) and its rental car was later found abandoned.
Two bodies have now been found partially buried in a lemon grove close to the city and local officials have confirmed they believe the remains to be that of Visser and Severein.
Joaquin Bascunana, interior ministry spokesman for Murcia, insists forensic tests will continue.
Three men have been arrested in connection with the tragedy, according to the Associated Press.
Visser was part of the Dutch volleyball team which won the European Championship in 1995, and she also represented her country at the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta.


text:
What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
Not redirecting to Thank You page after completing paymentAsked by ChipLitFest on November 24, 2013 at 06:11 PM
To support
Please see below the link to a form that I need help with.
If I submit a response through the non-secure form below, I am re-directed to the Custom Thank You page after making the payment through Paypal.
However if I submit a response through the secure version of the same form, the re-direction does not work after making the payment through paypal.
Please could you let me know why this should be happening as it has worked before for another secure form that I had.
JotForm Support
I need further details to properly check the issue you mentioned.
Can you tell us what is the secure URL version of this form http://www.jotform.com/32937395383365 that you used?
The custom Thank you message should be available after the paypal screen have been completed. Usually, there is a redirection URL to the thank you page in the paypal screen after successful completion of payments.
To my knowledge there can be 2 reasons why the thank you page will not be reached after form submission
1. The payment transaction is not successfully completed.
2. The direct URL used for the form not correct.
for #2 , the secure URL of your form could be like this https://secure.jotformeu.com/ChipLitFest/festival_friends
Can you please try this URL also?
Hope this help. Please update us of the results.


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Not Accepting Guests
- Last login over 1 year ago
Join Couchsurfing to see Augustin's full profile. It's free!
About Me
I can't say too much about me because what I think about myself always changes. If I were to write all about myself here, I'm sure that, in the future, I will look at it again and tell myself: "oh dear, is this me?" Certain parts of my personality are brought out by different people and in different contexts. Sitting here at a computer in a familiar place won't really bring out part of my personality.
Best that we meet!
Why I'm on Couchsurfing
Couchsurfed in a few areas in Europe.
Hope to continue the journey!
meeting you!
- walking
One Amazing Thing I've Done
Things done recently:
- Arriving in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan in the middle of winter. An eerie Soviet-style square with seemingly deteriorating buildings. Sky was gray and the streets smelled of car fumes. A strong first impression.
- Friend & Family tour prior to coming to Bishkek.
Teach, Learn, Share
If you know where the bathroom is on one floor and, in the same building, you are looking for a bathroom on another floor, chances are that that bathroom is in a similar area of the floor as the familiar bathroom on the other floor. This is probably because bathrooms in a building cannot stray too far from the vertical pipelines.
If you're on a subway/metro platform and you want to stand where the doors will open, look for the dirtiest parts of the ground. All the people walking in and out of the cart will have made that spot dirtier than other parts of the platform.
Countries I've Visited
Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan
Countries I've Lived In
Canada, Germany, Kyrgyzstan, United States


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HQ: Madrid, Spain
Focal Point: Philippe Lemaistre
"UNWTO is fully committed towards reducing its carbon footprint with the ultimate aim of reaching climate-neutrality. At the same time, recalling that tourism is both a vector and a victim of climate change, we will continue to work with our Member States, and the sector at large, to ensure that we can make of tourism a leader in fighting climate change while ensuring that these actions contribute to enhancing the positive impact tourism has on socio-economic development around the world."
Taleb Rifai, Secretary-General, UNWTO
The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is the United Nations specialized agency entrusted with the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism..
UNWTO has a twofold mission:
All actions taken by the UNWTO Secretariat regarding internal environmental issues are debated during the sessions of its legislative bodies, in order to engage and commit Member States to the climate-neutral objective.
UNWTO purchased CERs to offset its 2014 GHG emissions (532 tons). CERs correspond to a Wind Power Project.
UNWTO has a very clear position on the importance of combating negative impacts of climate change and adapting to them.
The Organization will pursue its efforts to reduce its own emissions by raising awareness among its staff, encouraging more efficient travel, investing in energy-efficient material, etc.


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This property is no longer available.Search for Available Property.
3.02 acres in Webster County, Missouri
Great building site on this 3 acre lot in Timothy Mountain Estates. Open in the front, wooded toward the back. Paved county maintained roads. Country living but very easy drive to Springfield. Highly sought after Strafford schools.
From Strafford, go east on Hwy OO approximately 4 miles to Mountain Oak Drive. Right to Tall Oaks. Right to property on left.
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NOTE: The information contained herein is provided as general information only and has been obtained from sources deemed reliable. It is provided without any guaranty, warranty or representation, expressed or implied, made by Lands of America, or any related entity, as to the accuracy or completeness of the information. The information is presented subject to errors, omissions, change of price or conditions, prior sale or withdrawal without notice. Prospective purchasers should make their own investigations, projections and conclusions concerning the information.


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Know more about this business than we do? Cool! Please submit any corrections or missing details you may have.Help us make it right
Be the first OregonLive.com user to add photos or videos of Paulsen Environmental Research
Paulsen Environmental Research, Ltd. is located at 16016 Boones Ferry Rd # 4, Lake Oswego, OR. This business specializes in Environmental Services.


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What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
Unable to grant access to my forms to another userAsked by Lucie Leclerc on April 08, 2015 at 04:08 PMType text or a website address or translate a document.Help improve Google TranslateI am unable to configure the secondary accounts to share forms and records. I get the note that says All forms are shared with full access. However it does not remain in my account. If I log off and I log back while my sub-users disappeared. In turn, they have no access to my forms
I presume that you're trying to share your forms with a sub-user is that correct
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She's not a risk taker
Byline info is not available
Thursday, November 29, 2012 9:00 PM
Mary Ellen is not a risk taker. Other than her commitment to me more than 30 years ago, she seldom gambles with the odds. But a business obligation in Chicago has required that she leave me to fend for myself. She has left me alone at home before, but my son was still living with us, so she knew if we had a power outage, someone in the house would know how to put batteries in the flashlight.
In the past, I always got very detailed instructions for how to muddle through the day when she was gone. It was even alphabetical.
B: (Bedtime) You both need to do this toward the end of each day. Do not skip a night.
D: (Dishes) Wash after each meal in the dishwasher. Do not mix dishes and underwear in same load.
M: (Meals) To be eaten while seated-not in the car, and not standing at the sink. Space them out over the day.
V: (Vacuum Cleaner) About three feet tall, with a hose coming out the side. I don't expect you to use it, but I didn't want it to scare you if you opened the closet by mistake.
This time, Mary Ellen simply abandoned me. I was okay last night, stopping at a sub shop for some dinner. However, this morning when I walked into the kitchen to make breakfast, I realized what a bad personal relationship I have with our appliances.
My wife sets the toaster to light, so it's already popping up while she's putting the rest of the loaf back in the pantry. I like my toast very dark. I know it's done when the smoke detector goes off. Then I get up on a kitchen chair so I can fan the alarm and make it stop. It's hard to tell your doctor you hurt your back making toast.
There are no dials on our microwave. It's just this high-tech control surface that makes me feel like Data on Star Trek determining if Planet RaNon 17 has sufficient oxygen for Captain Picard and the crew. I don't know how to change the power level; I don't know how to set the timer; and I have no idea what DELAY means. The device does tell me the current time. It's the biggest and most expensive clock we've ever had.
Given the opportunity, I'd swap the stove for a decent pool table. Our old stove had these coils that heated up, which was a pretty good indication that things were about to start cooking. But now the stove is called a glass-top and it is completely flat. Little circle thingies light up, then they go off, then they come back on. Whose stupid idea was this? When I was a kid, we had a gas stove, like with a real flame. My dad used to light his cigarette by leaning over the range and igniting his butt. That doesn't sound exactly right, but it made me laugh when I wrote it.
The toaster oven has been a big disappointment (rivaled only by the dehumidifier in our basement, which we never thought worked until we found out I had purchased a humidifier by mistake.) I tried to make a tuna melt in it. The cheddar never melted, although it did age very nicely.
Oops, gotta go. The smoke alarm just went off. Breakfast is ready.
Dick Wolfsie appears weekdays on WISH-TV sharing his humor, stories and video essays. His column appears weekly in The Paper of Montgomery County.
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As always, have fun and enjoy your stay!
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add me on skype don728871 , does it come with original email with the password to the email


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Here, you'll find a stunning display of quality and craftsmanship, for both men's and women's clothing and Accessories,each piece represents Ralph Lauren's commitment to individuality and elegance.
Ralph Lauren Online Mens Chambray Sport Shirt, Chambray
- Button-down point collar. Applied buttoned placket.
- Long sleeves with buttoned barrel cuffs.
- Split back yoke with a box pleat ensures a comfortable fit and a greater range of motion.
- Our multicolored signature embroidered pony accents the left chest.
- 100% cotton. Machine washable. Imported.
- Dyed with indigo, which may rub off onto fabrics, leather, and upholstery.


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Reviews - Grail Court hotel2
Station Street, Burton upon Trent, DE14 1BN
Customer Reviews
Our reviews are from genuine LateRooms.com customers. We verify that the customer has stayed before leaving a review.
75% would recommend it to a friend
Customer service
Food quality
Room quality
Grail Court hotel
Excellent service for a great price.
Could not fault this hotel. Very helpful
Read More Less
Grail Court hotel
Damp patch and mould on the wall, mould on the windows and the bed was broken.
Wouldn't stay here again.
Read More Less
Grail Court hotel
I love this place even though it needs updating asap.
The staff are lovely, willing to help and do anything they can possible to ensure a good stay.
Read More Less
Grail Court hotel
Service was excellent and helpful.
Grail Court hotel
Broken bed and a hole in the bedroom wall .
Breakfast very slow due to only one member of staff on duty who could not cope with the volume of guests. Hotel bar is a public bar and had to put up with intimidating and abusive customers while having a drink in the bar. Complaints at check out were listened to but the offer of a "nicer" room for a future stay was a joke and an insult. Only a refund would suffice.
Read More Less
Value for money
The hotel was value for money but the decor badly needs updating.
Grail Court Saturday Night
Very friendly staff, helpful and welcoming.
clean room and great prices
Read More Less
Grail Court Hotel, Burton-Upon-Trent
booked one night's B&B at this excellently located hotel.
Room basic but very tidy with an excellent power shower which was very welcome after a hard day working at the model railway show. It's just around the corner from the cinema, so great to take in a film before retiring. Really good full English in the morning - will try to use this for next years' show.
Read More Less
Very Average.
Very average hotel.
I won't be rushing back. Nothing awful just lacking in charm or character or service.
Read More Less
Vegetarians exist
Being vegetarian limited the range of breakfast available although on one morning one of the guys very nicely added in some fried bread...but it was a lot of beans and tomatoes!
Response from hotel
Dear Guest,
Thank you for staying at our hotel, and bringing to our attention the somewhat limited options available to vegetarians at breakfast time.
We at the hotel, pride ourselves on giving a personal service to all, and this will be greatly aided by future guests informing us of any special dietary requirements upon making a reservation.
From now on we will endeavor to have alternatives to sausage or bacon available for you, and we look forward to seeing you again next time you are in the area.
Kind regards,
Hotel Management.
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Belgian Malinois Helps Track Wild Jaguar, "El Jefe," in Southern Arizona
According to the Tucson organization Conservation CATalyst, Mayke (pictured) prefers sniffing jaguar poop to drugs.
Courtesy of Conservation Catalyst and the Center for Biological Diversity
Mayke, a beautiful, energetic Belgian Malinois, would rather track rare critters for conservationists than sniff out drugs and bombs for the U.S. Border Patrol.
As a result, the German-born canine spends her time with Arizona biologist Chris Bugbee, on the trail of the elusive "El Jefe," the only known jaguar living wild and free in the United States, which Bugbee's organization Conservation CATalyst caught on video released earlier this year.
That's the tale told by a new video and photos of Bugbee and Mayke together, as Mayke uses her incredible nose to sniff out El Jefe's scent in the rugged Santa Rita Mountains, where the solitary Panthera onca makes his home.
Tom Brown, a spokesman for the Tucson-based Center for Biodiversity, a nonprofit concerned with protecting the habitats of endangered and near-threatened species, told New Times that his organization has teamed up with Conservation CATalyst to keep an eye on El Jefe.
Mayke the Jaguar Conservation Dog
Meet Mayke, the four-legged conservationist with Conservation CATalyst who studies jaguars and helped find #ElJefe, the only known wild #jaguar in the U.S.Watch the video and then read more about Mayke's life and work here: http://ow.ly/10bMfRPosted by Center for Biological Diversity on Friday, 1 April 2016
And Mayke has been an amazing asset to that goal, thanks in no small part to the Border Patrol's not needing the expensive, highly trained pooch.
"Mayke was acquired by the Border Patrol, tested, and had an aversion to noise and traffic," Brown says. "She wasn't very good at drug stops. So they passed on her."
The Border Patrol's loss was a gain for environmentalists. Bugbee has been Mayke's trainer since the beginning of Mayke's time with Conservation CATalyst, Brown said. And the two have formed a close working relationship.
Conservation CATalyst's online bio for Mayke tells the rest of the story:
Conservation CATalyst acquired Mayke in 2012 to give her a second chance as a working detection dog, not for drugs or explosives, but for poop. Jaguar and ocelot poop (scat). Her job was to help biologist and handler Chris Bugbee locate and collect jaguar and ocelot poop, or scat, for scientific analysis. Considering there was only one known wild jaguar in Arizona, the famous El Jefe, and maybe a few ocelots, this was a difficult assignment.
But here is where Mayke has truly shined. Working with her partner and trainer Chris, she has long overcome her fear of trucks and her debilitating lack of confidence. She has trekked hundreds of miles throughout the Arizona wilderness. She bounds through streams, jumps over boulders, and climbs to the highest ridges.
She has come face to face with rattlesnakes, bears, bobcats, and mountain lions… and she loves every minute of it. The shy, trembling Mayke of old has been replaced with a strong, confident and dedicated researcher. In fact, she now claims the distinction of having located the first genetically-verified jaguar scats ever collected on U.S. soil. Her story is one of second chances, perseverance and success.
Brown says that the Center for Biodiversity is funding Conservation CATalyst's research into big cats, and putting Mayke's story out there helps explain the importance of the two groups' collaboration.
Conservation CATalyst and the Center for Biological Diversity released new video today of the only known wild jaguar currently in the United States.Captured on remote sensor cameras in the Santa Rita Mountains just outside of Tucson, the dramatic footage provides a glimpse of the secretive life of one of nature's most majestic and charismatic creatures. This is the first-ever publicly released video of the #jaguar, recently named 'El Jefe' by Tucson students, and it comes at a critical point in this cat's conservation. Learn more here: http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/news/press_releases/2016/jaguar-02-03-2016.htmlPosted by Center for Biological Diversity on Wednesday, 3 February 2016
"It's a good story," he says. "Mayke's a good dog, and we need that jaguar."
Which begs the question: Why?
Brown claimed that the idea is to reintroduce (or perhaps in this case, welcome) these magnificent creatures to areas where they once roamed.
"They used to be as far north as Colorado back in the 1800s," Brown said of the jaguars. "We believe that animals should be back in their original territories as much as possible. And this one came back over [from Mexico]."
Of course, El Jefe's on his own as far as finding a female with which to breed. Brown says his organization wants to protect the habitat, in hopes that El Jefe and other jaguars will move in and make little jaguars.
It's the fun way of encouraging negative population growth, um, for humans.
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Interestingly, the Center for Biodiversity takes a different view on reproduction for homo sapiens, sponsoring a line of "endangered species condoms" with colorful illustrations of threatened wildlife and playful admonitions, such as "Wrap with care, save the polar bear," and "For the sake of the honed lizard, slow down, love wizard."
According to center's pitch for the condoms, the concern is "runaway population growth," which "along with our reckless over-consumption" is causing the planet's "sixth mass extinction crisis."
The project's panther condom?
"Don't go bare, panthers are rare."
If the center is taking suggestions, it also could use one of the following, free of charge, from the author of this post:
"If you fancy her, remember the panther," or,
"Before you go too far, think about the jaguar," or,
"If you wanna make a baby, stop and remember El Jefe."
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Dead Man's Boots: Broken Children Find Mercy in Leipzig
Mon, Mar 16, 2015
—By Rev. Hugo Gevers, Alliance Missionary, Lutheran Church Mission (LKM) Missionary to Migrants and Children in Volkmarsdorf, Leipzig.
The rock star and song-writer Gordon Sumner, alias "Sting," describes a moment in his childhood when writing the lyrics for the song "Dead Man's Boots." The shoes of Sting's father are an ever-present reminder of his responsibility to follow in the footsteps of this father. In the end Sting decides to go a completely different route than his father. In the song he concludes, "Rather barefoot in the wide world than limited to the shoes of my father."
Most of us have a strong influence and many fulfilling experiences from our childhood. It is only by means of our background that we can make choices in later life. Sometimes we decide to take a completely different route than the way of our parents. Most of the time we remain children of our parents making exactly the same mistakes as they made before.
Can you imagine what it means to have absolutely no father or mother figure from childhood? The tragedy of many children in Western Europe is precisely this. Some children never have the privilege of even choosing whether to follow in their parents' footsteps or not. Some are even denied the warm hug and love of a motherly/fatherly home. On Thursday, 12. March 2015 the author and psychologist Moritz Nestor visited Lukaskirche (St. Luke's Church) in Volkmarsdorf to talk about exactly this issue. The talk was held as part of the international book fair which is annually held in Leipzig. Nestor makes an emphatic appeal to parents, teachers and educators not to abdicate on their responsibility to teach. As a psychologist Nestor admits that psychologists have contributed to this catastrophy in education, which we are experiencing right now. For many years psychologists have tried to impress on parents not to influence their children at all. This has left children with a vacuum and no direction in life. In a very practical way he explains that animals are normally born with most of their behavioral patterns set in a cast. People are different. They can only learn from adults entrusted to them. So abdicating on this responsibility is like opting for those figurative "Dead Man's boots" Nestor underlines: Without education people will become extinct! This topic is very close to the main thrust of our social mercy work in "Brücke" (Die Brücke is a project of the LKM and is financially supported by the LCMS in its endeavors to reach out to the people of Leipzig.)
The children in an around "Brücke" generally have a roof over their heads. They normally also do not suffer from starvation. These children are poor because they do not have a trusting adult in their lives. Some of them have experienced different parent figures in the short span of their lives. The only thing they have learned, is that parents cannot be trusted at all. The result of this is that they not only have no parent figure, they also have a destroyed self-image. The co-workers in "Brücke" have discussed this issue at length. We posed the question: "Is it even possible to turn this negative cycle around?" Many institutions like the schools have just followed the pattern of the parents and have abdicated on their responsibility. We in "Brücke" have said NO! We cannot give up on any human being. Even grown-ups can learn that there is somebody who loves me unconditionally.
When Jesus gives us the parable of the lost son He explains exactly this: The son who finds himself among the pigs can find a way into the loving arms of the Father. He then makes the astounding discovery that his Father loves unconditionally. It is this unconditional love which we want to share with children and grown-ups alike. In "Brücke" we have weekly programs with kids. In our creative work we focus on their weak self image. The teaching goal is precisely this: "You are important because God says so!" Furthermore we also follow these teaching programs in our holiday programs. As the children are normally left to their own devices during school vacation, we open our doors on a daily basis during these times. Of course such work can only be done with a good team of volunteers. Recently we have been blessed by a very dedicated team. Pray that God will continue to bless all these efforts!
- Learn more about mercy work with children at Die Brücke.
- Pray for the school vacation programs which help to keep the children off of the streets.
- Pray for the continued ability to provide the children with meals.
- Pray that as Lukaskirche becomes the site for regular Divine Service for the congregation of Sankt Trinitatisgemeinde, the children and their families would be brought into the fold of the church.
Tags: children, Die Bruecke, hugo gevers, LCMS, leipzig, LKM, Lukaskirche, Mercy, St. Trinitatisgemeinde, Witness


text:
At&T will begin its biggest-ever advertising campaign on New Year's Eve in an effort to promote the company created when SBC Communications...
AT&T will begin its biggest-ever advertising campaign on New Year's Eve in an effort to promote the company created when SBC Communications bought AT&T Corp. in November.
AT&T, now the largest U.S. telephone provider, will spend "hundreds of millions" of dollars on the campaign, said Jeff Kagan, an independent telecommunications analyst who was briefed by AT&T. San Antonio-based AT&T wouldn't disclose the cost.
The company is trying to redefine the AT&T brand after the $16.5 billion combination. Chief Executive Officer Edward Whitacre kept the AT&T name because of its 128-year history that can be traced back to Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the telephone. While AT&T garnered international recognition, it also became synonymous with the boom and bust of the industry.
"They have got to change the world's view of the company," Kagan said. "It's something that goes way beyond what they've done in the past."
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AT&T will blanket Times Square in New York with the message "Your World Delivered," aimed at convincing customers the company can meet all their communications needs, Shelley Almager, director of advertising, said in an interview.
"This is a substantially different company," Almager said.
The ads include a TV spot that will play during college football bowl games, and advertisements in more than 150 newspapers, Almager said. They also will include the music of British rock band Oasis.
The new company will combine services that work together across an Internet-based network, including television delivered over telephone lines, fast Web access and new telephone products.
AT&T also will fend off competition from Verizon Communications, which plans to complete the purchase of MCI next month. AT&T, the largest U.S. long-distance provider, and MCI, the No. 2, agreed to be acquired after suffering revenue slumps.
The company will find its biggest challenge is convincing customers it can supply all forms of communications services, Kagan said.
"People still think about telecom in separate sectors," Kagan said. "The walls are coming down. The companies are bigger and they are offering all of these services. It's an idea that's been building over the last decade, but nobody's actually stopped and pointed it out."


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text:
Phaeleh - A World Without MP3
Taken from the 'A World Without' EP http://smarturl.it/PhaelehAWW (Vinyl) http://smarturl.it/PhaelehAWWiT (iTunes) http://bit.ly/AWWspotify (Spotify) North ...
A World Without Water MP3
A World Without Water.
A World Without WIFI! MP3
Nicole's life is taken over by the internet...
Who Wants a World Without Friendzones? MP3
Pretty sure the answer is everyone, honestly... https://www.patreon.com/BASSFZz?ty=h https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hy_5uLhaCH0.
Dinesh D'Souza: A World Without America MP3
Dinesh D'Souza, the director of the second most successful political documentary of all time, "2016: Obama's America," spoke at Amherst College regarding ...
The Rasmus - Livin' In A World Without You MP3
Music video by The Rasmus performing Livin' In A World Without You. (C) 2008 Playground Music Scandinavia AB under exclusive license to Universal Music ...
Livin' In A World Without You
The RasmusIt's hard to believe that it came to this You paralysed my body with a poisoned kiss For fourty days and nights I was chained to your bed You thought that was the end of the story Something inside me called freedom came alive Livin' in a world without you You told me, "My darling Without me, you're [...]
World Without Cancer - The Story of Vitamin B17 by G. Edward Griffin (1974) MP3
G. Edward Griffin (born November 7, 1931) is an American author, lecturer, and filmmaker. He is the author of "World Without Cancer" where he argues that ...
G. Edward Griffin - A World Without Cancer - The Story Of Vitamin B17 MP3
awsome documentry I recomend watching the entire vide ans share or download. http://www.metabolicproductssupply.com/item2.htm.
A world without female drivers MP3
Imagine how easy it would be to get to a job if the roads were like this?!
A World Without Color MP3
Jaidyn imagines what a world without color would be like. Thanks for watching! Music by Kevin MacLeod.
A World Without Twinkies MP3
Fafa's five stage guide to getting by, in a world without Twinkies. Visit us on Facebook! http://www.facebook.com/gloveandboots.
Thiên Hạ Vô Tặc HD 720P Eng Chinese Sub [A World Without Thieves] MP3
Diễn viên chính: Lưu Đức Hoa, Lưu Nhược Anh, Lý Băng Băng Phim không tìm được sub việt, mong các bạn thông cảm. Nội dung phim: Các bạn nếu không ...
KISS - A World Without Heroes (official KISS video with remastered audio) MP3
I claim or own nothin' ! Fan uploaded tribute video for comment and discussion ONLY !
A world without love - Peter and Gordon MP3
This is Lennon/McCartney masterpiece A World Without Love. Peter and Gordon were one of the greatest pop-rock duos of the sixties, formed by Peter Asher ...
The World Without US - Documentary 81 Min MP3
This feature length documentary debates the implications and consequences of US military involvement in the world today. From an isolationist nation at the end ...
World Without Linux Episode 1: What's the Name of that Song? MP3
Linux is the world's largest collaborative project in the history of computing. It runs most of the world's technology infrastructure and is supported by more ...
A World Without Logos MP3
From the Hellsing OST I do not own this music.
The Rasmus- Living in A World Without You (Lyrics) MP3
Lyrics for "Living in A World Without You" by the finnish band, The Rasmus. Hope you enjoy, leave requests down below! Like, comment and, as always, ...
World Without Black People MP3
Tweet: http://ctt.ec/5i3c7 | Facebook: http://on.fb.me/1xLYE99 These days it can be so hard to talk about race and racism. It's taboo, polarizing, and nuanced.
World Without Linux Episode 2: Are We There Yet? MP3
In episode number 2 of this six-part series, we learn what a world without Linux could mean to direction. That GPS in your car likely runs Linux. Not all GPS' run ...
A World Without Religion MP3
100 years after religion is dead and gone, what will the world look like? In this video Dusty takes a look at the century following the death of religion.
Nicolas Costa ft. Freaky Fortune - In A World Without You | Official Music Video HQ MP3
2014 Panik Records Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/panikrecords Twitter: http://twitter.com/panikrecords Website: http://www.panikrecords.gr/ Contact: ...
Michael Tellinger - UBUNTU A World Without Money MP3
Michael Tellinger shares an extract from his full 2-hour presentation at the Global Breakthrough Energy (BEM) Conference in Holland during November 2012.
A World Without Cancer — the Truth of Vitamin B 17 by G Edward Griffin MP3
Peter & Gordon - A World Without Love (HQ Stereo, 1964) MP3
Penned by a young Paul McCartney and given a Lennon/McCartney writing credit, "A World Without Love" was recorded by the English duo of Peter & Gordon ...
A World Without Sachin MP3
SUBSCRIBE to Being Indian Channel by CLICKING the Link Below - http://goo.gl/qhzVAi A world without Sachin Tendulkar hard to think about, #BeingIndian ...
Documentary The World Without US - Documentary Films MP3
Documentary The World Without US - Documentary Films Documentary The World Without US - Documentary Films Documentary The World Without US ...
A World Without Football MP3
Imagine the World if Football had never been invented! What would our heroes from the beautifull game up to and how would they handle the recession? Take a ...
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Do you know the difference between kinetic friction vs. static friction? License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at ...


text:
Insumin Forte Capsule
(10 capsules in strip)
Rs. 115
Rs. 121
5% off
Rs. 115
Rs. 121
5% off
Insumin Forte Capsule
(10 capsules in strip)
Product Details
Insumin Forte Capsule is a unique combination of Antioxidant, consists of Mecobalamin, Alpha lipoic acid, Chromium, and Selenium.
Role of key ingredients:
Alpha Lipoic acid (ALA) restores Vitamin levels such as Vitamin E and Vitamin C, as important antioxidant that helps the body eliminate potentially harmful substances and protect brain under conditions of damage or injury.
Mecobalamin (active Form Of Vitamin B12) assists important enzymes involved in energy production form fats and proteins.
Chromium plays a role in carbohydrate & Fat metabolism.
Selenium emerges as an effective immune booster which ensures a strong of immunity.
Insumin Forte Capsule is used in nerve-related symptoms of diabetes including burning, pain, and numbness in the legs and arms.
Insumin Forte Capsule is also used for memory loss, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), liver disease, diseases of the heart and blood vessels. It is also used to treat eye-related disorders, such as damage to the retina, cataracts, and glaucoma.
Use under medical supervision.


text:
Jul 27, 2009
Storage of marketing collateral Dot Net Project
Jul 27, 2009
Storage of marketing collateral is a good final year project for computer related branches. The project is in dot NET and can be used as major project. This Application would facilitate the huge process of managing the Ad details along with the Preview of the Ad (Audio storage and retrieval). You can also Subscribe to FINAL YEAR PROJECT'S by Email for more such Projects and Seminar.
About : Final-yearproject.com
Final-yearproject.com is one stop for all your project needs. You can find projects and seminars related to Electronics, Electrical, Civil, Mechanical, MBA, Pharmacy, Computer Science, IT, Bio-Tech, Robotics, Telecom, Wireless, Automation, BCA, MATLAB etc. You can Like us at Facebook and follow us on Twitter and Google+.
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text:
Karma's a Killer (A Downward Dog Mystery)
Author : Tracy Weber
Publisher : Midnight Ink (January 8, 2016)
Genre : Mystery, Thriller & Suspense > Mystery > Women Sleuths
When Seattle yoga teacher Kate Davidson agrees to teach doga (yoga for dogs) at a fundraiser for a local animal shelter, she believes the only damage will be to her reputation. But a few downward-facing dogs are the least of Kate's problems when an animal rights protest at the event leads to a suspicious fire and a drowning.
The police arrest Dharma, a woman claiming to be Kate's estranged mother, and charge her with murder. To prove Dharma's innocence, Kate, her boyfriend Michael, and her German shepherd sidekick Bella dive deeply into the worlds of animal activism and organizational politics. As they investigate the dangerous obsessions that drive these groups, Kate and her sleuthing team discover that when it comes to murder, there's no place like hOMe.
"Weber's clever assemblage of suspects is eliminated one by one in her entertaining novel."―RT Book Reviews
"[Weber's] characters are likeable and amusing, the background is interesting, and the story is ultimately satisfying."―Ellery Queen Mystery Magazine
"Weber keeps readers guessing and populates the action with plenty of kooky characters."―Mystery Scene
"Karma's a Killer continues Tracy Weber's charming series."―The Seattle Times
"Crazy, quirky critters and their odd, yet utterly relatable human counterparts, make Karma's a Killer an appealing story. But when you add the keep-you-guessing mystery with both laugh out loud one liners and touching moments of pure poignancy the result is a truly great book!"―Laura Morrigan, national bestselling author of the Call of the Wilde mystery series
"Tracy's Weber's Karma's a Killer delivers on all fronts―a likably feisty protagonist, a great supporting cast, a puzzler of a mystery and, best of all, lots of heart."―Laura DiSilverio, national bestselling author of The Readaholics Book Club Mysteries, two-time Lefty Finalist for Best Humorous Mystery and Colorado Book Award-finalist
"Yogatta love this latest in the series when Kate exercises her brain cells trying to figure out who deactivated an animal rights activist."―Mary Daheim, author of the Bed-and-Breakfast and Emma Lord Alpine Mysteries
Editorial Reviews
About the Author
Tracy Weber (Seattle, WA) is a certified yoga therapist and the founder of Whole Life Yoga. She is also a member of Sisters in Crime, The Pacific Northwest Writers Association, and the Dog Writers Association of America. Murder Strikes a Pose is her debut novel.
Langue : English
File size : 3 Mo
Format : EPUB , pdf , mobi


text:
Zagliani Terra Taupe Matte Python Large JJ Bag
PRISTINE Merchandise is in "like new" condition. There are no signs of wear or any other visible imperfections. EXCELLENT Merchandise is in exceptionally good condition with very little wear. Any imperfections are described in detail. VERY GOOD: Merchandise is in very good condition for its age. Older items may exhibit very light patina and wear relative to the age of the product, and more contemporary items will be just short of "excellent". GOOD: Merchandise is in good condition and typically will appear mildly to moderately used. There may be some surface scratches and/or other imperfections. Older items may exhibit patina and wear related to their age. Please review the item listing for specific details regarding condition.
Zagliani Terra Taupe Matte Python Large JJ Bag
These bags are carefully designed and crafted to perfection. This brand has a cult following from celebrities to the exotic skin obsessed!The handbag world is cooing over Zagliani's gorgeous silicone injected exotic skin bags. Yes, that's right, silicone injected handbags! Designed by dermatologist Mauro Orietti-Carella, these exotic skins have been injected with silicone creating the most buttery-soft, luxurious feel to his stunning bags. Carella started out in the field of dermatology, and applied he gift at making patients skin smooth and perfect to his exotic skin handbags. This treatment also allows the bags to wear better than any other untreated exotic skin in harsh weather conditions.
The handle drop when doubled is 7.5 inches and pulled to a single strap in 12 inches long. The hardware is brushed gold.
Gentle pleating adds textural interest to this generously sized bag, exquisitely crafted from matte python.
In Pristine condition.
Please contact Portero Customer Care Department for a return authorization, and ship back item within 48 HOURS of receipt. Items must be properly packaged in comparable box, and in unworn condition.
# of interior pockets: 3
Hardware: Gold
Country of Origin: Italy
Color: Taupe
Interior lining: Beige Suede
Authenticity Details: ZAGLIANI dal 1947 made in Italy by hand
Primary Material: Python
Please refer to the main item description for shipping and return policies.


text:
Not Accepting Guests
- Last login almost 3 years ago
Join Couchsurfing to see Dan's full profile. It's free!
About Me
To spend an entire day in Buenos Aires speaking anything but Spanish.
I've been called a social flutter-by and told that I can walk between many worlds. My intention (at least) is to be outgoing and friendly.
Also I'm as American as I am Argentinian... sometimes the duality is overwhelming.
I'm not particularly fond of ultimate frisbee or anything it stands for.
Why I'm on Couchsurfing
I'd like to join or facilitate conversation groups for practicing languages.
Yes please(?)
I read French in college, and now I'm an English teacher at an institute. You could say my interests are literature and languages
I also enjoy playing music, drinking beer, going out, drawing cartoons...
- literature
- beer
- drinking
- cartoons
- drawing
- music
- teaching
- languages
Music, Movies, and Books
Movies: I'm obsessed with European movies from the 60's and 70's. Luckily, there's always something playing in this town.
Music: While my favorites will always be British Prog and Krautrock, I find myself listening more and more to groups like Blondie and the Cure, funky things...
Books: I like mostly novels and plays. I think everything else still boils down to characters and drama.
One Amazing Thing I've Done
Ask me about getting on a TGV while it started rolling, unsure about whether it was going to the right place or not, or the time I had to spend a night on the streen in Montparnasse with no money and a suitcase full of cider...
Or ask me about the day I took every form of transport in Buenos Aires...
Teach, Learn, Share
I can help you with your English, Spanish, French, give top tips about Buenos Aires, help you get through a liter of beer.
Countries I've Visited
Argentina, Canada, France, India, Spain, United Kingdom, United States
Countries I've Lived In
Argentina, United States


text:
News By Tag
Industry News
News By Location
Industry News
"Go with Le Flo" Film, Flowing from Berlin to Los Angeles
German/French romantic comedy - Written, Directed & Produced by American film makers Michael Glover & Robyn Rosenkrantz
Go with Le Flo was shot in Berlin with cast & crew from 20 different countries, many from the legendary Bertolt Brecht theater, Berliner Ensemble. Over 200 people came together for this labor of love. It was as if all Berlin conspired to get this movie shot: Berlin Designers, Inge Langhein and Gregor Marvel, donated their original clothing designs and Berlin businesses offered beautiful locations for filming. Go with Le Flo is a charming story about finding true love and taking chances.
Go with Le Flo won Best Foreign Film at Myrtle Beach Film Festival and the sold-out screenings at Heartland Film Festival had audience members going back for repeat viewings.
Bright Blue Gorilla is all about taking chances. In 1990, Robyn Rosenkrantz and Michael Glover quit their L.A. jobs, sold everything they had (except their guitars), and bought one-way tickets to Europe. They landed a deal with Virgin Records then launched their own company, making CDs and touring the world. After acting & singing in the Matthew Broderick/Alec Baldwin movie, The Last Shot, Bright Blue Gorilla started writing-directing-
Go with Le Flo
A romantic comedy in German & French (with English subtitles)
82 minutes (unrated but would probably be PG)
Directed by Michael Glover
Produced by Robyn Rosenkrantz
Screenplay by Michael Glover and Mea Machrowiak
Starring: Denis Aubert, Marina Senckel, Leslie Dubreuil, Roberta Bianchini, Luisa Wietzorek, Mathieu Charriére, and Tommaso Ragno.
Bright Blue Gorilla
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text:
Hyderabad: Govt. of India sanctions Pre-Matric Scholarship to financially backward students belonging to Minorities. The amount of scholarship is Rs. 5000 per annum but last year, only Rs. 1000 per student was sanctioned. Many students had submitted their forms for the first time but they were disappointed and their forms were rejected.
In order to sort out various difficulties in the submission of scholarship forms, a special program is being organized at 1:30 pm. On Sunday 7th August at Mahboob Hussain Jigar Hall, Siasat Office Complex, Abids. Officials of Minorities Welfare Dept. will explain rules and regulations for grant of scholarships. Mr. Dilawar Ali Khan, General Manager of Minorities Finance Corporation will explain the details. Mr. Mohammed Sajid Ali, Chairman of Iqra Mission School, Nawab Sahab Kunta, Jahanuma and Mr. Mohammed Abdul Hameed, Coordinator have requested the students & parents to attend.
Siasat News


text:
Black Lace Trim Crinkle Bikini
We love this! Stunning black bikini with halter bandeau crop top and skimpy cut mid to high waist briefs with high cut hips. Scalloped lace trim. Super flattering and sexy!
In the classic super stretchy crinkle seersucker textured quality Lycra mix fabric. Ensures a perfect figure hugging fit that holds and smooths.
Brand new by Boho Rose.
Size Small fits 4-6-8-10 A-DD cup bust.


text:
Each month, Rated People connects over 50,000 homeowners with quality tradesmen - simply enter your job details in the form above to get started.
We'll match your job to the relevant tradesmen in your area - those interested will pay to see your contact details and call you to quote.
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After the work is complete, return to the site and rate your tradesman based on their quality of work, reliability and value for money.
Gardener / Landscape gardeners
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we have cut down a tree and are looking to have the remains taken away.i would say it would...
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Lay slab base for shed. 12 x 8ft Dig out and shingle 6m of border
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To lay slabs in an area 10 ft by 8ft slabs supplied can also get cement etc if needed ? Please...
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Very honest, our fence had been blown over, David suggested repairing the panels rather than replacing with new. Would highly recommend. Chelmsford May 2015.
Good communication. Supplied list of materials required. arrived on time and delivered perfect work within the quote.
Jason and his team were absolutely brilliant at transforming our field into a beautiful garden. They were extremely professional at all times and their work was done to an extremely high standard. Nothing was too much trouble. Would certainly recommend their services.
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text:
Morten Rostgaard Olsen (b. 1964), trained technical draftsman and
graphic designer mDD, specializing in font architecture & type design.
After 5 years studies at The Danish School of Art & Design, he started his own
design studio in 2001, where he primarily works with development of digital fonts, and works as a consultant and ad hoc lecturer in this area.
Morten Rostgaard Olsen has also a cooperation with FontFont and FontShop (both publishers now bought by Monotype).
These publishers have released various of his font families, primarily FF Max and FF Olsen. (FF Olsen developed as part of a research project about font design specifically for dyslexics).
Both typefaces have received great international popularity.
In 2007 he founded the virtual studio Fontpartners.com together with graphic designer Ole Søndergaard.
From here, he designed and produced font families for inter alia Scholz & Friends, Opel International, Still GmbH, 3F, Danish Conservative Party, YouSee, Netto, Coop, etc.
Fontpartners have released the typefaces: FP København, FP Dancer Pro, FP Dancer Serif, FP Dancer Tango, FP Elsinore, FP Quality, FP Stage, FP Head Pro, FP Fragile, FP Silly & FP Palina.
Morten Rostgaard Olsen has received recognition from The Bergia Fund, Councillor Georg Bestle and Wife Memorial Award & The Augustinus Foundation.
Morten Rostgaard Olsen is a member of The Association of Danish Designers mDD.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|May 9, 1995
|Filing date
|Feb 19, 1993
|Priority date
|Feb 19, 1993
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Ian S. Crayford, William Lo, Nader Vijeh
|Original Assignee
|Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (11), Referenced by (25), Classifications (13), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates generally to address tracking within a local area network and more particularly to address tracking within a network that utilizes Multiport Repeaters.
In traditional Ethernet (802.3 10BASE5) and Cheapernet (802.3 10BASE2) a coaxial cable provides the linear bus to which all nodes are connected. Signalling is accomplished using a current synch technique with a center conductor used for the signal and a shield used as a ground reference. Twisted pair Ethernet (802.3 10BASE-T) utilizes standard voice grade telephone cable, employing separate transmit and receive pairs. The system uses a star topology. At the center of a star is a repeater. The repeater performs signal amplitude and timing restoration. It takes the incoming bitstream and repeats it to all the ports connected to it. In this sense the repeater acts as a logical coaxial cable so that any node connected to the network will see another node's transmission. Differential signalling is employed with one pair acting as the transmit path and the other pair acting as the receive path.
While repeaters are used in traditionally wired coaxial Ethernet as a means to extend the networks physical distance limit, in the IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T, the Standard mandates the use of a repeater to actually provide the connectivity function if more than two nodes are required. Although the physical signalling on the cabling differs, the functionality of the repeater is identical in either coaxial or twisted pair networks as is the frame or packet format that is used to pass messages between the participating nodes on the network.
The frame commences with a preamble sequence which is an alternating (1,0) pattern. The preamble provides a single frequency on the network, in this case 5 (MHz) at the start of each frame, which allows a receiver to lock to the incoming bitstream. This preamble sequence is then followed by a start of packet which indicates that the data portion of the message will follow. Either a start of frame delimiter (802.3) or synch sequence (Ethernet) is used to delineate the start of the data portion of the message. The next two fields are the destination address (DA) and the source address (SA) for the frame. Both are 48 bit values which are transmitted least significant bit (LSB) first.
The destination address is used by the receiving media access controller (MAC) to determine if the incoming packet is addressed to this particular node. If the receiving node detects a match between its own node address and the address within the DA field, it will attempt to receive the packet. Other nodes which did not detect a match will ignore the remainder of the packet.
Three types of destination addressing are supported by these standards.
1. Individual. The DA field contains an individual and unique address assigned to one node on the network.
2. Multicast. If the first bit of the DA field is set this indicates that the group address is being used. The group of nodes that will be addressed is determined by a higher layer function but in general the intent is to transmit a message between logically similar subset of nodes on the network.
3. Broadcast. The broadcast is a special form of multicast address where the DA field is set to all 1s. The address is reserved, and all nodes on the network must be capable of receiving a broadcast message.
The source address field is supplied by the transmitting media access controller (MAC), which inserts it own address into this field as the frame is transmitted indicating it was the originating station. The receiving MAC is not required to take action based on the SA field. The 2-byte length or type field follows the SA field. The choice of length or type is dependent upon whether the frame is compatible with the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard. The high order byte of the length type field is transmitted first with the LSB of each byte transmitted first. The data field contains the actual packet data that is being transferred and is between 46 to 1500 bytes in length.
A Logical Link Control (LLC) function is responsible for fragmenting data into block sizes suitable for transmission over the network. Data bytes are transmitted sequentially with the LSB of each byte transmitted first. Finally, the frame check sequence (FCS) is a four-byte field that contains the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for the entire frame. The CRC is computed by the transmitting station on the destination address, source address, length/type, and data field and appended as the last four bytes of the frame. The same CRC algorithm is used by the receiving station to compute the CRC value for the frame as it is received. The value computed at the receiver is compared with that appended by the transmit station providing an error detection mechanism in the case of corrupted data. The CRC bits within the FCS are transmitted in the order most significant bit to least significant bit. Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2, what is shown is the frame format for an IEEE 802.3 Standard compliant frame and an Ethernet frame, respectively. The primary difference as can be seen from the figures is that the start of frame delimiter (SFD) for 802.3 is defined as a byte that has a "1,0, 1,0, 1,0, 1,1" pattern whereas the start frame (synch) of Ethernet is a "1,1" sequence. However, it is seen in both cases the preamble plus the start of frame indication is a total of 64 bits long.
802.3 and Ethernet standards both specify that a packet must be in the range of 64-1518 bytes. However, the actual data field in the 802.3 system is permitted to be smaller than the 46 byte value that is necessary to ensure this minimum size. This is handled by requiring the media access control layer to append pad characters to the LLC data field before sending data over the network. The Ethernet standard assumes that the upper layer ensures that the minimum data field is 46 bytes before passing data to the MAC and the existence of these appended characters is unknown to the MAC. The 802.3 standard also uses a length field which indicates the number of data bytes that are on the data field only. Ethernet, on the other hand, uses a type field in the same two bytes to identify the message protocol type. Since valid Ethernet type fields are always assigned outside of the valid maximum 802.3 packet length size, both 802.3 and Ethernet packets can coexist on the same network. Hence, it has been found that it is important to be able to track and monitor the addresses for a variety of reasons. For example, for secure networks it may be important that authentication is required to ensure that the appropriate nodes on the network receive the information. In addition, as networks change in the number of nodes attached thereto, it becomes important to be able to associate an address with a particular port or the like within the network.
It is also important in secure networks to prevent a node from receiving such address information.
Finally, it is important to provide a mechanism to associate the addresses of each port of a repeater with the actual port number or identity of the device. Typically, repeaters have been devices that are just used for signal amplitude and timing restoration. In all of the above-mentioned modes the repeater must also be provided with the capability to detect and interpret data and fields within it.
The present invention addresses the need for this type of device.
The present invention utilizes a system that allows the source address of an incoming packet on a repeater, to be monitored and compared with an internally stored value. The internal value can either be programmed by the user or by simply learning and storing the source address of the previous packet.
In one aspect of the present invention a counter is used to determine the number of times that a source address has changed on the link. In addition, by providing an interrupt, the system informs the host that the source address on the port has changed. Depending on the port type, or source address information, the host can choose to allow the port to continue to operate, or alternatively disable the port from further participation in the network. Notice that a repeater port that is connected to a multidrop network, such as coax Ethernet, may have many stations attached, whereas for a point to point network such as 10BASE-T, the port would typically be connected to a single end station. An exception to this would be a 10BASE-T connection to another repeater.
In yet a second aspect of the invention, receive security or eavesdropping protection is provided by monitoring the destination field upon receiving a message from a port, the destination address field is obtained and compared against the station address that is currently connected to each of the remaining ports of the repeater. The system produces a disrupt mask dependent upon whether the security features are enabled for the port whether there is a destination address/source address match, and whether the packet is a multicast/broadcast. This mask pattern is provided to the repeater, and used to selectively pass the message unmodified or disrupt the message depending upon the pattern.
This system has the advantage that the disrupt mask is actually provided over one serial line rather than over a plurality of serial lines. This disrupt feature can be enabled or disabled on a port by port basis, and it allows for the address comparison and disrupt decision to be made independently on each repeater module since data that passes between modules over the inter-module expansion bus, is unmodified.
A final aspect of the present invention is the ability to quickly monitor, detect and control changes or additions in the network. The present system performs an address comparison on the incoming message using a media access control function. The system then provides an interrupt which indicates the match and further more provides register bits to indicate which port actually received the match. Using this mechanism, a managed repeater can program the desired MAC address into a global source address register, transmit a message on the network to the node, and simply wait for the node to respond. At this point it can be determined which port that the specific address is connected to. If no response is received, then the external host can time out the wait period and move to locating another address.
FIG. 1 shows the format for an 802.3 frame.
FIG. 2 is a frame format for an Ethernet frame.
FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram of an Integrated Multiport Repeater and a Hardware Implemented Management Information Base Device in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a key to the reconstruction of FIGS. 4A & 4B which show a destination address compare circuit.
FIG. 5 is an overall block diagram of the IMR disrupt function.
FIG. 6 is a more detailed block diagram of the IMR disrupt circuitry.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the disrupt command detect state machine.
FIG. 8 is a key to the recontruction of FIGS. 8A & 8B which show one embodiment of an address tracking circuit.
The present invention is directed toward a system for tracking node addresses connected to repeater ports. The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention and is provided in the context of a particular application and its requirements. Various modifications to the preferred embodiment will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art and the generic principles and features described herein.
The system that is utilized to provide the various functions will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the different functions.
The system as described allows the source address of an incoming packet to be monitored and compared with an internally stored value. The internal value is either programmed by the user through a microprocessor interface or by simply learning and storing the source address of the previous packet. The present invention takes to advantage that the last source address indicates the source address of the last packet received on the port. If the source address changes, this indicates the sending station connected to the port either changed or that multiple nodes are connected to that port. A counter can be maintained to indicate the number of times that the source address has changed on the port. Hence, there will be an increment to one after power up assuming that the source address does not match a previously stored or expected value. For a multi-drop segment, the source address may change many times as different stations transmit over the network. Hence, this counter can be used to provide an indication of which type of network medium or configuration this port is likely to be connected to, or whether the source address field has changed even though this was not expected.
For example, the source address could have changed because someone is trying to gain unauthorized access to the network. Consequently, the present invention provides an interrupt that informs the host processor that the source address on the port has changed. The host can then, dependent upon the port type, or other decision making criteria available to it, choose to allow the port to continue to operate or alternatively disable the port from further participation in the network.
Referring now to FIG. 3, the present invention comprises two devices in a preferred embodiment. One is entitled The Hardware Implemented Management Information Base (HIMIB) Device 10 and the other is an Integrated Multiport Repeater (IMR) device 12. The IMR device provides the basic repeater function, performing signal amplitude and timing restoration, incorporating 8 individual 10BASE-T ports, and one Attachment Unit Interface (AUI) port. The AUI port allows connection of the 10BASE-T ports to an existing coaxial wired Ethernet/Cheapernet network. The IMR device also provides an inter-module expansion bus, which allows multiple IMR devices to be cascaded together, and still be treated as a single repeater. In addition, the IMR device also has a management port, to allow configuration and monitoring of the operational state of the repeater, and a simple reporting function to provide an external indication of which port is receiving at any time.
The HIMIB device is a companion device to the IMR circuit, and provides monitoring for all network activity detected by the IMR device. The HIMIB collects statistics based on the type of network activity, and stores this information internally as registers which can be accessed by an external host device, such as a microprocessor. The host typically uses the data collected and stored by the HIMIB device to provide network management information, in order to more easily administer the operation and/or fault diagnosis of the network.
These two devices 10 and 12 cooperate to provide the advantages above described. To more fully understand the operation of these two devices, refer now to the following discussion.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of destination address DA compare circuit in the HIMIB device 10. The circuit 10 comprises random access memories (RAM) 102 and 104, which are coupled to comparators 106 and 110 respectively. In this embodiment the RAMs 102 and 104 are 32 bit wide memories and the comparators 106 and 110 are 24 bit wide comparators. The comparators 106 and 110 in turn are coupled to shift registers 108 and 112 respectively. These shift registers 108 and 112 in this embodiment are 24 bit shift registers. The sizes of the various devices are arbitrary and one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that many other combinations could be used and still be within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The output from circuits 106 and 110 are provided to a second stage compare circuit 114. A controller 116 is also included which receives input signals and provides a plurality of outputs to the various portions of circuit 10. The controller 116 also provides signals to a shift register 120 which in combination with signals from the second stage compare circuit 114 and the controller controls strobe STR output circuit 118.
The 32 bit wide RAMs 102 and 104 hold the values of the managed repeater attributes. With the exception of the Source Address attribute (SA) each RAM location holds one attribute. Since the SA for each port is 48 bits wide, the SA is split into two RAM locations--the lower 24 bits of the SA is stored in the lower 24 bits in RAM 104, the upper 24 bits of the SA is stored in the upper 24 bits in RAM 102. The upper 8 bits of RAM 104 and the lower 8 bits of RAM 102 holding the SAs are not used. The reason that the SA is stored across two RAMs is that the full 48 bits can be accessed at the same time.
The values written into the SA locations are either written in through the microprocessor interface (MPI) by the user, or automatically updated when a valid frame is received. In the latter case, the source address of the frame is written into the corresponding SA location for the specific repeater port in the RAM.
When a packet is detected the controller 116 enables both 24 bit shift registers to shift in the incoming packet by asserting SHDAT. The two 24 bit shift registers combine to make a 48 bit shift register. The packet data comes in on EXPDINT. Once the controller 116 circuit detects a start of frame delimiter (SSFDT) in the packet, it counts off 48 bit times to allow the Destination Address (DA) to be shifted into the shift registers. Once the DA is loaded, the controller 116 de-asserts SHDAT. The first bit received is considered to be the LSB.
Once the DA is loaded, the control logic compares the SA against the DA by asserting IREADT and IADRT[9:0]. Nine compares are done. The first compares attachment unit interface (AUI) SA against DA, the second compares twisted pair (TP) 0 SA against DA, . . . , the ninth compares TP 7 SA against DA. Each compare is completed in one bit time.
For each compare a partial compare is done by the two 24 bit comparators 106 and 110, and the partial results are output on CMPLT, CMPAT, CMPHT, CMPBT. The 24 bit comparators 106 and 110 compares the value from the RAMs 102 and 104 (the SA) against the value in the 24 bit shift registers 108 and 112 (the DA). The controller 116 cycles through the addresses of the 9 SAs (one for each port) by asserting the correct addresses on the address bus of the RAMs 102 and 104 (IADRT[9:0]) to select the stored SA for each port, in the order AUI, TP 0, . . . , TP 7.
The partial compare results are combined in the second stage compare circuit 114. The reason that this is done is to decrease the circuit delays of the compare circuit. The SA against DA compare result is gated by the BROADCAST signal which is the LSB of the DA (that is if the LSB of the DA=1, the DA is a broadcast or multicast address). If SA=DA or the DA is a broadcast/multicast address, the output of the compare circuit (CMPDAX) is set to equal, otherwise, the compare is considered to be unequal.
By cycling through the SAs in the RAM, CMPDAX will output a serial bitstream with 1 bit per port, indicating whether the addresses are equal or not.
The disrupt function must be enabled explicitly for each port (that is a port will not be disrupted even if the port SA does not match the packet DA with the disrupt function disabled). Upon reset, the HIMIB sets the Disrupt Enable Register to disable for all ports. Each port can be enabled individually by writing the appropriate commands via the MPI.
The format of the disrupt bitstream is as follows: . . . HHHHLA01234567HHHHHHHHH . . . H=high, L=low, A=AUI, 0-7=TP 0-7.
Normally, the STR pin is held high. The sequence begins with a low (start bit) followed by 9 bits indicating whether a port should be disrupted. (0=disrupt, 1=no disrupt). The IMR 12 requires 9 stop bits (high) before another disrupt command can be issued, but the HIMIB 10 issues at most one disrupt command per packet.
Normally, RAMRDYT is asserted which indicates to the 9 bit parallel load shift register 120 to load the value from the 9 bit Disrupt Enable Register 119. Once the SA versus DA comparison begins, RAMRDYT is de-asserted and the 9 bit shift register stops loading and starts shifting out the disrupt enable bits (AUI, TP 0, . . . , TP 7). The shifting of the 9 bit shift register coincides with the bitstream of CMPDAX from the compare circuit.
When RAMRDYT transitions from asserted to de-asserted, the STR output circuit outputs a start bit (low) on the STR pin. During the next 9 bit times if the output of the 9 bit shift register 120 indicates enable and CMPDAX from 114 indicates unequal, a disrupt bit (low) will be output on the STR pin from 118, otherwise a no-disrupt (high) will be output.
FIG. 8 shows a first embodiment of a block diagram for an address tracking circuit 300 within the HIMIB 12.
The circuit 300 comprises RAM 302 and 304, each of RAMs are coupled to two 32 bit latches 306, 308, 310 and 312 respectively. Latch 306 is coupled to a 24 bit comparator 314. Latch 310 is coupled to a 24 bit comparator 316. Comparator 314 is coupled to 24 bit shift register 318. Comparator 316 is coupled to 24 bit shift register 320. The latch 306 also is connected to 4 tristate buffers 322, The latch 310 is coupled to 4 tristate buffers 324. There are six serially connected 8-bit shift registers 326, 328, 330, 332, 334 and 336 which receive data from the controller 116. A comparator 338 compares the output of shift register 336 with a signal from the internal bus (IBUST) 340. The comparator 338 provides an output to a store circuit 342.
When the HIMIB 12 detects packet activity, it will assert LDSAT to shift the packet data through the six 8 bit shift registers 326-336. These shift registers 326-336 are connected to form a 48 bit shift register. The data in the shift register can also be shifted in parallel 8 bits at a time by asserting SHSAT. After the start of frame delimiter (SFD) is detected in the packet, SSFDT will be asserted and the control circuit 116 will then de-assert LDSAT 96 bit times after the assertion of SFDT. This will stop the loading of the 8 bit shift registers so that the source address of the packet is held in the shift registers. (The SA is the 49 to 96th bit after the SFD).
The MAC address is stored in the RAMs 302 and 304. RAM 302 contains the upper 3 bytes of the MAC address, and RAM 304 contains the lower 3 bytes. The MAC address is programmed into the RAM by the user via the microprocessor interface (MPI).
The controller 116 reads the RAMs 302 and 304 and places the MAC address on the internal bus 340 one byte at a time. All 48 bits of the MAC address are latched by both 32 bit latches 306 and 310 (only 24 out of 32 bits are used for the MAC address) at the same time. Each byte of the source address is placed on the internal bus 340 by enabling the corresponding tristate buffer 322 and 324.
At the same time that the MAC address is placed on the internal bus 340, the controller 116 asserts SHSAT to shift the source address out 8 bits at a time into the comparator 338. Note that after 6 shifts, the source address reverted back to its previous order.
The addresses are compared one byte at a time in comparator 338. The byte compare results are stored in the store block 342. The final result of the compare to clear the result of the compare is output on DSAT. Note that the controller 116 asserts CLRDSAT prior to an address compare to clear the result from a previous address compare. When the controller 116 detects that DSAT is not asserted after a MAC to source address compare, GSADIFF is asserted to indicate that a MAC address match occurred.
In addition to comparing the source address against the MAC address, the HIMIB 10 also compares the source address with the previous source address of the active port. The mechanism for performing this compare is identical to the MAC address compare with the following exceptions.
1. The control logic will assert IADRT to point to the location in the RAMs that contains the previous source address instead of the MAC address.
2. When the control logic detects that DSAT is asserted after a previous stored source address is compared to the new source address in 326-336, SADIFF is asserted to indicate that a SA change occurred.
The new source address can be written into the RAMs by transferring the address 1 byte at a time from the 8 bit shift registers via the IBUST 340 into the 32 bit latches. The source address is the written into the RAMs from the 32 bit latches.
The previous description of the address tracking circuit 300 is not the most efficient way to implement the address comparison given that the destination address comparison is done differently. However, the reason that the address comparisons are done differently is:
The disrupt command to the IMR+ must be sent as soon as possible, thus each address comparison must be completed in one cycle rather than six.
A preferred method of performing the MAC and previous source address comparisons is to compare them in the same way as the destination address comparison as shown in FIG. 4. However, the following modifications to the circuit have to be made.
1. The 24 bit shift registers 108 (318) and 112 (320) would be separated so that each can load independently.
2. The second stage compare circuit would have registers to hold the partial compare results from 108 (318) for all ports. Note that the fact that the address is a broadcast address should also be stored.
The sequencing of address compares is as follows:
First 24 bits of frame.
Load shift register 112 (320) with lower 3 bytes of DA.
Second 24 bits of frame.
Load shift register 108 (318) with upper 3 bytes of DA.
Compare 24 bit value in shift register 112 (320) against the lower 3 bytes of the address stored in RAM 104 (304) for all ports. (In the case of the IMR and HIMIB 9 address compares are performed on the 8 TP ports and 1 AUI port). The results of the compares are stored in the second stage compare circuit. The broadcast address bit should also be stored.
Third 24 bits of frame.
Load shift register 112 (320) with lower 3 bytes of SA.
Compare 24 bit value in shift register 108 (308) against the upper 3 bytes of the address stored in RAM 102 (302) for all ports and combine the results with the stored results from the compare done previously with shift register 112 (320). Output the final compare results on CMPDAX. These compares are used to generate the disrupt bitstream to the IMR 12.
Fourth 24 bit of frame.
Load shift register 108 (318) with upper 3 bytes of SA.
After the fourth 24 bit of frame.
Compare previous source address with current source address.
Compare previous source address with MAC address.
Overwrite previous SA with new SA if necessary. (Store value in shift registers 108 (318) and 112 (320), into RAMs 102 (302) and 104 (304).)
The disrupt function is enabled on the IMR 12 when the appropriate management command is sent to the IMR 12. The management command is typically sent by the HIMIB 10 during the initialization sequence. Within several bit times after the disrupt function is enabled, the IMR 12 STR pin becomes an input.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the IMR disrupt circuit 12. In this embodiment are nine copies of the disrupt circuit 120 which are coupled in a serial manner and there is disrupt detect state machine 122 coupled in feedback relation with the state machine. There is one disrupt circuit 120 for each port in the IMR. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of one disrupt circuit 120 of the IMR circuit 12 of FIG. 5.
Inside each DISRUPT block there is a 1 bit shift register 1202 (FIG. 6). The 1 bit shift registers 1202 are chained across the DISRUPT circuits 120 to form a nine bit shift register. All bits from the STR pin (ISTB) are shifted through the 9 bit shift register. The output of the shift register is DIS-- AUIX. The shift register is normally filled with 1s (since the STR pin is normally held high).
The bits from the STR pin also goes into the DETECT circuit 122, which contains a state machine which looks for the start bit (low). The operation of the state machine is shown in a flow chart in FIG. 7. Once a start bit is detected, the state machine enters a wait state and waits for the start bit to propagate through the 9 bit shift register (DIS-- AUIX). Once the start bit propagates through the shift register, the state machine asserts (STROBET) for 1 bit time and exits back into the idle state.
Referring now to FIG. 6, when STROBET is asserted, the data in each of the 1 bit shift register 1202 (REG 1) in the DISRUPT block is latched into LATCH 1204. LATCH 1204 is normally set. LATCH 1204 can only be cleared if a disrupt bit is strobed in.
LATCH 1204 is set whenever MATXENX is de-asserted. MATXENX is asserted when the port is transmitting, otherwise it is de-asserted. When LATCH 1204 is in the set state data on TXDOUTX passes through the DISRUPT circuit 1204 via TXDATAX unaltered. When LATCH 1204 is in the clear state, data on TXDOUTX is blocked and TXDATAT will pass alternating 1s and 0 s (jam sequence). Note that at the end of transmission, MATXENX will be de-asserted and LATCH 1204 will be set.
Although the present invention has been described in accordance with the embodiments shown in the figures, one of ordinary skill in the art recognizes there could be variations to the embodiments and those variations would be within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, many modifications may be made by one of ordinary skills in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of present invention, the scope of which is defined solely by the appended claims.
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|International Classification
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|Apr 30, 1993
Owner name: ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES, INC.
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:CRAYFORD, IAN S.;LO, WILLIAM;REEL/FRAME:006518/0799;SIGNING DATES FROM 19930303 TO 19930305
|Aug 23, 1993
Owner name: ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES, INC.
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VIJEH, NADER;REEL/FRAME:006655/0955
Effective date: 19930810
|Oct 30, 1998
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Sep 24, 2002
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Sep 26, 2006
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


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