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Trade Barriers
Canada's trade barriers against U.S. products are described in the 2008 National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers of the U.S. Trade Representative. The report describes a number of barriers to U.S. agricultural exports such as dairy products, eggs, poultry, fresh fruits and vegetables and grains. This practice severely limits the ability of U.S. producers to increase exports to Canada above the Tariff Rate Quota (TRQ) levels. Canada's meager personal duty-free exemption puts a damper on cross-border shopping in the United States. There are provincial market access barriers to the effective marketing of U.S. wine and spirits. Standards barriers affect the fortification of foods such as breakfast cereals, and the size of baby food jars. The U.S. pharmaceutical industry has raised questions about pharmaceutical pricing and patent term protection of drugs. Canada's Copyright Act restricts broadcast royalties due to U.S. artists. There are also substantial limitations in the telecommunications and media fields. Examples include required labeling on videos and DVDs and Canadian content requirements for broadcasters.
Agricultural Products
Canada's dairy, chicken, turkey, and egg industries are regulated by supply management systems. Canada's supply management regime involves the establishment of production quotas as well as producer marketing boards to regulate the supply and prices farmers receive for their poultry, turkey, eggs, and milk products. Canada's supply management regime severely limits the ability of U.S. producers to increase exports to Canada above the tariff-rate quota levels and inflates prices Canadians pay for dairy and poultry products. The United States continues to press for the elimination of this trade barrier in the WTO Doha Round agricultural negotiations.
Over the last year, Canada announced two measures concerning dairy that the United States views as indicative of possible future trade barriers. On April 11, 2007, Canada, pursuant to GATT Article XXVIII, notified the WTO that it intended to modify through renegotiation its concessions in its tariff schedule with respect to certain milk protein substances. In addition, on December 26, 2007, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency published new proposed compositional standards for cheese. United States dairy producers and processors are quite concerned about the highly prescriptive nature of these proposed compositional standards for cheese, which may likely operate as new technical barriers to trade and significantly reduce U.S. access to the Canadian market. Moreover, Canada continues to maintain a prohibitive tariff of 245 percent on U.S. exports of breaded cheese sticks.
Ministerial Exemptions
Canada prohibits imports of fresh or processed fruits and vegetables in packages exceeding certain standard package sizes unless the government of Canada grants a Ministerial exemption. To obtain an exemption, Canadian importers must demonstrate that there is an insufficient supply of a product in the domestic market. The import restrictions apply to all fresh and processed produce in bulk containers if there are standardized container sizes stipulated in the regulations for that commodity. For those horticultural products without prescribed container sizes, there is no restriction on bulk imports. The restriction has a negative impact on exports of U.S. apples and blueberries. In addition, Canadian regulations on fresh fruit and vegetable imports prohibit consignment sales of fresh fruit and vegetables in the absence of a pre-arranged buyer. Progress was made in 2007 with the implementation of the Technical Arrangement Concerning Trade in Potatoes between the United States and Canada. This arrangement will provide U.S. potato producers with predictable access to Canadian Ministerial exemptions to import potatoes. The Arrangement, when fully implemented in Year 3, will allow a 60-day forward contract between U.S. growers and Canadian processors to serve as sufficient evidence of a shortage in Canadian potatoes. In addition to addressing U.S. concerns about Canada's procedures for granting Ministerial exemptions for potatoes, the Arrangement will phase in quality inspections for potatoes at destination and will phase out spot-check inspections along the northeastern Canadian border crossing. The United States will initiate a rulemaking to allow some Canadian specialty potatoes that do not currently meet U.S. quality standards for size to enter the U.S. market.
Restrictions on U.S. Grain Exports
Canada's varietal controls limit U.S. access to Canada's grain market. Canada requires that each variety of grain be registered and be visually distinguishable based on a system of Kernel Visual Distinguishability (KVD) requirements. Since U.S. varieties may not be visually distinct, they are not registered in Canada. As a result, U.S. wheat, regardless of quality, is sold in Canada as "feed" wheat at sharp price discounts compared to Canadian varieties. In June 2006, the Canada Grains Commission announced its intention to make changes to western Canadian wheat classes to include the removal of KVD registration requirements from minor wheat classes, as well as the creation of a new General Purpose wheat class, effective August 1, 2008. The KVD requirements for the higher quality wheat, Canada Western Red Spring and Canada Western Amber Durum, will remain. While these policy changes are a step in the right direction, they only open the door to varietal registration in Canada of lower priced, nonmilling U.S. wheat varieties typically used for feed and industrial end-uses (i.e., biofuels).
On June 5, 2007, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal upheld the Canadian International Trade Tribunal's decision that U.S. grain corn imports are not causing injury and are not threatening to cause injury to Canadian growers.
Personal Duty Exemption
The United States continues to urge Canada to facilitate cross border trade for border residents by relaxing its taxation of goods that Canadian tourists purchase in the United States. Canada's allowance is linked to the length of a tourist's absence from Canada and allows C$50 for tourists absent for at least 24 hours, and C$400 and C$750 for visits exceeding 48 hours and 7 days, respectively.
Wine and Spirits
Market access barriers in several provinces hamper exports of U.S. wine and spirits to Canada. These include "cost of service" mark-ups, listings, reference prices and discounting distribution and warehousing policies.
The Canadian Wheat Board and State Trading Enterprises
The United States has longstanding concerns about the monopolistic marketing practices of the Canadian Wheat Board. The United States seeks a level playing field for American farmers, including through the Doha Round WTO agriculture negotiations. The U.S. WTO agriculture proposal in these negotiations calls for: (1) the end of exclusive STE export rights to ensure private sector competition in markets currently controlled by single desk exporters; (2) the establishment of WTO requirements to notify acquisition costs; and (3) the elimination of the use of government funds or guarantees to support or ensure the financial viability of single desk exporters.
The Canadian Border Service Agency officials also lack the power to seize counterfeit goods at the border without a court order obtained by the aggrieved rights holder. This makes it easy to bring in pirated goods into Canada. However, the criminal laws allow for a public officer in the course of duty to seize any item discovered to be in violation of the law. Customs can detain suspected counterfeit shipments and contact the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, which can then proceed with investigation under criminal law.
Import Requirements and Documentation
The Canada Border Services Agency website describes the required documents for import. The most important document required from a U.S. exporter is a properly completed Canada Customs Invoice or its equivalent, which is required for all commercial shipments imported into Canada. The exporter can use its own form if it has the required information on it. At the border, the importer or customs broker also submits Form B3, the customs coding form. Further information on Form B3 can be found in the brochure "Importing Commercial Goods into Canada – How to complete Form B3 when importing commercial goods." Other documents that trucking companies will provide for customs clearance may include a cargo control document and bill of lading. Some goods such as food or health-related products may be subject to the requirements of other federal government departments and may need permits, certificates, or examinations.
In addition, to get duty-free status under the NAFTA Rules of Origin, a commercial NAFTA import over CDN$1,600 must be accompanied by a NAFTA Certificate of Origin; while a commercial import less than CDN$1,600 only requires a statement of origin from the exporter that the product originates in a NAFTA state. Canada looks at the products and its component parts to determine whether a sufficient percentage of the value and/or composition of the final product qualifies for NAFTA origin. This can be quite complex and rules vary for each product so U.S. companies should consult the U.S. Department of Commerce's NAFTA Certificate of Origin Interactive Tool.
There are many customs brokers that can assist U.S. exporters with the details of the import documentation process, including Canada's non-resident importer program, in which the U.S. exporter in the United States obtains a "business number" and can then be the "importer of record" for purposes of customs clearance. This offers a number of marketing advantages, in particular the opportunity to remove the burden of customs clearance of commercial shipments from the Canadian customer. In fact, large retailers often demand that an exporter does whatever paperwork is required so that all the retailer needs to do is unload the goods from the truck and pay the exporter for the goods. Many brokers advertise their non-resident importer programs on their websites.
For most mail-order shipments, the only paperwork needed is a standard business invoice. Companies should indicate the amount paid by the customer for the goods, in either U.S. or Canadian dollars. If goods are shipped on a no-charge basis (samples or demos) companies must indicate the retail value of the shipment. Two copies of the invoice should be attached to the outside of the package.
U.S. Export Controls
Shipments to Canada do not require a Shipper's Export Declaration (SED) unless the shipment:
- Requires a Department of Commerce export license;
- Is subject to the Department of State, International Traffic in Arms Regulations regardless of license requirements; or
- Is subject to Department of Justice, Drug Enforcement Administration, export declaration requirements.
For merchandise transshipped from the United States through Canada for ultimate destination to a foreign country, other than Canada, a SED or Automated Export System (AES) record is required.
Temporary Entry
Canada allows the temporary import free of duty and tax of certain commercial goods and equipment such as brochures, commercial samples, audio-visual equipment and industrial equipment for business meetings, trade shows, product demonstrations and industrial or construction purposes.
If the goods are eligible for free entry, a refundable security deposit -- in the form of cash or bond -- may be required. Further information on Canada's Form E29B ("temporary entry") and other requirements is available on the U.S. Commercial Service webpage "Temporary Import of Goods into Canada" and Canada Border Services Agency Memorandum D8-1-1 "Temporary Import Regulations."
Prohibited and Restricted Imports
Certain goods may be prohibited or controlled, or require special permits, inspections or conditions to be met in order to allow them into Canada. Canada has a number of special attention and approval systems with regards to such goods.
The Export and Import Controls Bureau (EICB) authorizes, under the discretion of the Minister of International Trade, the import and export of goods restricted by quotas and/or tariffs. It also monitors the trade in certain goods and ensures the personal security of Canadians and citizens of other countries by restricting trade in dangerous goods and other materials. The Canadian Export and Import Permits Act contains an Import Control List.
The Canadian Border Services Agency administers Canada's laws and regulations of other Canadian federal agencies governing prohibited and restricted imports.
Further information on Canadian prohibitions and restricted imports for business travelers is available from the U.S. State Department webpage "Tips for Travelers to Canada."
This chapter gives a detailed overview of Canadian standards development, product testing, and certification systems. Products shipped to Canada must conform to the relevant Canadian standard. In most instances, Canadian and U.S. standards are very similar. As a result, products designed to conform to U.S. standards will often meet Canadian standards with little or no modification. In fact, in some product areas, such as air conditioning and refrigeration, U.S and Canadian standards have been harmonized into a single North American standard. Similarities between U.S. and Canadian standards, however, do not relieve the U.S. exporter of the obligation to meet the Canadian standard.
Both Canada and the United States use slightly different standards when they delineate the precise technical specifications required to ensure public safety. This is an area that standards officials and standards-development organizations explore in great detail. The Canadian view on "the tyranny of small differences" is discussed below in the context of the External Advisory Committee Report on Smart Regulation.
Standards regulations in Canada seek to follow the basic principle of the WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, and, as such, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) standards must not create unnecessary barriers to trade. As new standards and conformity assessment procedures are being developed there is considerable pressure from end users to reduce or eliminate unnecessary national barriers. At the same time, the international standards community is working on a longer-term project to root out entrenched barriers to trade. To reduce such barriers, NAFTA applies three basic principles to bilateral trade:
- Testing facilities and certification bodies are treated in a nondiscriminatory manner.
- Federal standards-related measures will be harmonized to the greatest extent possible.
- Greater openness will be provided in the regulatory process.
National Standards System
Canada's National Standards System (NSS) develops, promotes, and implements standards in Canada. The NSS includes more than 400 organizations accredited by the Standards Council of Canada. These organizations are involved in several activities, such as: standards development, product testing and quality (conformity assessment), product or service certification, and environmental management and production systems registration. More than 15,000 Canadian members contribute to committees that develop national or international standards
The NSS, however, does not provide a listing of all Canadian standards. Nor is the system static: organizations can and do join and leave the system. Many standards used in Canada that are not national standards may have been developed by Canadian standards development organizations (SDOs). As such, these standards are usually not interpreted by National Standards of Canada, often because of the cost of translating the standard into both official languages (English and French). In other cases, international, regional, or foreign SDOs, such as the ISO, may have developed the standards. In addition, organizations not accredited by the Standards Council of Canada (SCC) develop some standards. Important non-NSS standards include the Building Code, developed by the National Research Council.
Standards Council of Canada
As a federal Crown corporation, the Standards Council of Canada (SCC) coordinates standardization activities in Canada, including the designation of National Standards of Canada. Located in Ottawa, the Standards Council has a 15-member governing Council and a staff of approximately 90. The organization reports to Parliament through the Minister of Industry and oversees Canada's National Standards System. The SCC is comprised of representatives from both the federal and provincial governments as well as from a wide range of public and private interests. It prescribes policies and procedures for developing National Standards of Canada, coordinates Canada's participation in the international standards system, and accredits more than 400 organizations involved in standards development, product or service certification, testing and management systems registration activities in Canada. The SCC is independent of government, although it remains partially financed by public funds. SCC members are appointed by the Governor in Council and include a wide range of interests in order to ensure that no one party dominates the policy direction.
U.S. exporters should note that the Standards Council operates Canada's WTO standards Enquiry Point. The Enquiry Point provides a current database of all current Canadian standards and regulations and makes them available to Canada's trading partners.
NIST Notify U.S. provides a similar function in the United States. It is a free web-based e-mail subscription service that offers an opportunity to review and comment on proposed foreign technical regulations that can affect your access to international markets. Registration is available online.
The SCC does not develop standards itself, nor does it conduct any conformity assessments. Rather, under its mandate to coordinate and oversee the efforts of the National Standards System, the SCC accredits testing and certification organizations to conduct conformity assessments and reviews of the standards submitted by standards development organizations for approval as National Standards of Canada. This designation indicates that a standard is the official Canadian standard on a particular subject. It also shows that the development process met certain specified criteria. National Standards of Canada may be developed in Canada or be adopted from international standards – with or without changes.
On the global stage, the SCC serves as the National Enquiry Point for information seekers from around the world concerned with upcoming regulatory and standardization changes impacting trade. Canada is required to provide this service as per their membership in both the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Internationally, the Standards Council manages Canada's participation in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC), and in other various regional standards organizations. It also encourages the adoption and application of international standards in Canada.
More than 400 organizations have been accredited by the Standards Council. Some of these develop standards, while others act as conformity assessment bodies that determine if products are complying with the standard's requirements. The list of accredited organizations includes:
- standards development organizations;
- certification organizations;
- testing and calibration laboratories;
- registration organizations of environmental management systems (EMS) that perform registrations to the ISO 14000 series standards; and
- Auditor-certifiers and trainers that provide QMS and EMS auditors with their training and credentials.
Standards Organizations
There are four accredited standards development organizations (SDOs) in Canada: the Canadian Standards Association (CSA), Underwriters' Laboratories of Canada (ULC), the Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB), and the Bureau de Normalisation du Québec (BNQ). Each of these organizations develops standards through committees representing various interests. SDOs may submit standards to the SCC to be recognized as National Standards of Canada. They can also develop standards-related documents such as codes and guidelines (non-mandatory guidance and information documents). The CSA and ULC are private, not-for-profit organizations. In other words, they are market-oriented to the extent that their activities are governed by the willingness of affected parties to pay for and participate in standardization activities. Although funded primarily through the sale of conformity assessment services, their standards development activities are not restricted to the areas in which they have conformity assessment programs. For example, only about one-third of CSA's 1,800 standards have related conformity assessment service offerings.
By contrast, The BNQ and CGSB are both public sector organizations that run on cost recovery. As with the CSA and ULC, they offer standards development services in addition to conformity assessment services. Also, like the private sector organizations, they do not restrict their standards development activities to cases for which they have or could have conformity assessment programs. However, unlike their private sector counterparts, their standards development activities are not subsidized by the sales of conformity assessment services; rather, they seek funding for each standards development project from stakeholders and interested parties.
Even though the SCC provides secretariat services to all of the Canadian Advisory Committees (CACs/CSCs) that support Canadian representatives on ISO and IEC technical committees, in some cases individual SDOs provide funding for and service the CACs/CSCs. Under the auspices of the SCC, Canadian SDOs also provide the secretariat and funding for some ISO and IEC committees.
None of the four organizations explain on their websites – through an annual plan – the standards they seek to develop. However, their websites do explain their standards development processes and have newsletters available by e-mail subscription and/or other information necessary to assist companies looking to keep up with current developments. Companies should become familiar with the development process, especially the proposal stage. Most importantly, interested companies should become familiar with the members of the specific committees and the experts responsible for the relevant product or industry sector. This will enable them to learn of new standards at the earliest time possible.
Standards organizations in the United States and Canada continue to work cooperatively in the development of joint standards and have made progress in several areas. For example, the Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute and the CSA have harmonized performance standards into a single North American standard for air conditioners and heat pumps, packaged water chillers, and water-source heat pumps. Similarly, UL and CSA have established common electrical safety standards for air conditioners, heat pumps, and refrigerant motor-compressors.
The following is an overview of the four Canadian standards development organizations:
The Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
Founded in 1919, the Canadian Standards Association is Canada's largest and oldest SDO and offers standards development, testing, certification, and management-systems registration services in a wide range of areas. As a private, not-for-profit organization, it has published more than 2,000 consensus standards and guidelines in 40 technology areas. CSA also has 1,300 standards committees. CSA develops standards in the following areas:
- business/management systems
- communications/information
- construction
- electrical and electronics
- environment
- gas equipment
- health care
- materials technology
- transportation/distribution
Draft standards, draft amendments, and endorsements are available for public review and comment before the committee approves them. The comment period is normally 60 days from the date posted. Comments should be returned as quickly as possible, so that CSA can pass them on to the appropriate committee for review. A list of drafts available for public review is available on CSA's website.
The standards development process under which CSA and other SDOs operate is well developed and formally documented and controlled. As stated on the CSA website, this process includes eight distinct stages:
- Preliminary Stage: On receipt of a request for the development of a standard, an evaluation is conducted and the project is submitted for authorization.
- Proposal Stage: Public notice of intent to proceed is published and a Technical Committee is formed - or the project is assigned to an existing Technical Committee.
- Preparatory Stage: A working draft is prepared and a project schedule is established.
- Committee Stage: The Technical Committee or Technical Subcommittee - facilitated by CSA staff - develops the draft through an iterative process that typically involves a number of committee meetings.
- Enquiry Stage: The draft is offered to the public for review and comment, the Technical Committee reaches consensus, CSA staff conduct a quality review and a pre-approval edit is completed.
- Approval Stage: The Technical Committee approves the technical content by letter ballot or recorded vote. A second level review verifies that standards development procedures were followed.
- Publication Stage: CSA staff conducts a final edit to verify conformity with the applicable editorial and procedural requirements and then publishes and disseminates the standard.
- Maintenance Stage: The standard is maintained with the objective of keeping it up to date and technically valid. This may include the publication of amendments, the interpretation of a standard or clause, and the systematic (five-year) review of all standards.
Endorsed standards are non-Canadian standards that have been reviewed by the appropriate Technical Committee and approved for use in Canada without modification. Endorsed standards are not sold by CSA.
Underwriters Laboratories of Canada (ULC)
Established in 1920 as a not-for-profit organization, Underwriters Laboratories of Canada offers a range of services including: standards development, certification, and testing and management-systems registration in a wide range of areas. It is accredited by the Standards Council of Canada under the National Standards System. The ULC has published a catalog of more than 240 standards and other recognized documents, many of which are referenced in codes and government regulations. The ULC's standards development process is explained on the ULC website.
The Canadian General Standards Board
Established in 1934 by the federal government, the Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB) offers a range of standardization services on a cost-recovery basis to both the public and private sectors. These services include standards development, certification and qualification listings, and management-systems registration in a broad range of subject areas. Being part of the federal department of Public Works and Government Services Canada, the CGSB focuses on providing services in support of government mandates and their related programs.
As a participant in the National Standards System of Canada, the CGSB offers a wide range of standards development services including: development of International Standards (ISO), National Standards of Canada (NSC), CGSB standards, specifications, and Government of Canada (GC) forms. CGSB maintains approximately 1,600 standards. Standards and specifications are developed by committees of volunteers, who are experts in their fields working according to the CGSB process. These standards cover a wide range of products and services, including:
- building and construction
- business (office) equipment and supplies
- communications and information technology
- environmental technology
- fuel and energy products
- health care technology
- lifestyles and environment
- procurement
- public safety
- textiles and clothing
- transportation and distribution
Bureau de Normalisation du Québec (BNQ)
The Quebec government established the Bureau de Normalisation du Québec (BNQ) in 1961 to serve the procurement needs of the provincial government. The BNQ offers a range of standardization services including: standards development, certification, management-systems registration, and laboratory accreditation. As with the other SDOs, the BNQ is reaching beyond its traditional market to offer its services in English in other regions of Canada and in the United States. Since 1990, the BNQ has been part of the Centre de recherche industrielle du Québec. BNQ is also a member organization of the National Standards System of Canada and operates in the fields of:
- standards development;
- product, process, service and person certification; and
- system registration of quality and environmental management systems
The Future of Standards Development in Canada
In a report issued in September 2004, the Canadian federal government's External Advisory Committee on Smart Regulation made a number of recommendations concerning international cooperation in standards development. These included the following comments and recommendations:
- The Canadian federal government should include international regulatory cooperation as a distinct part of Canadian foreign policy.
- North America should be the primary and immediate focus of the federal government's international regulatory cooperation efforts. The federal government should work to:
- When developing new regulatory frameworks, the federal government should review and adopt international approaches wherever possible. The federal government should limit the number of specific Canadian regulatory requirements.
- Specific Canadian regulatory requirements may be appropriate when:
- Where specific Canadian regulatory requirements are adopted, the federal government should reduce or minimize the cumulative impact of regulatory differences on trade and investment by:
If the Canadian government accepts these recommendations, it would make it easier for U.S. exporters to comply with Canadian standards.
NIST Notify U.S. Service
Member countries of the World Trade Organization (WTO) are required under the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement) to report to the WTO all proposed technical regulations that could affect trade with other Member countries. Notify U.S. is a free, web-based e-mail subscription service that offers an opportunity to review and comment on proposed foreign technical regulations that can affect your access to international markets.
Conformity Assessment
Product testing, known as conformity assessment, is usually carried out by a testing and certification organization or laboratory that has been accredited to conduct the test that certifies the product's conformity with the applicable standard. All regulated products must be tested and certified; there is no legal requirement to test non-regulated products. Certification bodies (CBs) attest by authorizing the display of their certification mark, which proves that products or services conform to a standard. They regularly inspect and audit processes and products. There are 12 CBs in Canada and 17 U.S.-based organizations that have been SCC accredited. These organizations have registered trademarks or logos giving a visible indication that products or services comply with a standard.
The Standards Council accredits six types of conformity assessment organizations:
- testing and calibration laboratories
- management systems registration bodies
- personnel certification bodies
- product certification bodies
- inspection bodies
- auditor course providers
Product Certification
U.S. manufacturers and exporters should determine what standards are applicable to their products. If certification is required, it generally must be obtained before the goods are imported into Canada. The process can be time-consuming and, therefore, certification should be one of the first steps taken to establish an export market in Canada.
For U.S. exporters unsure of Canadian certification requirements, the first step is to contact the SCC directly in order to determine: (1) what testing is required, and (2) what organizations are accredited to conduct that testing and certification. For many products, U.S. exporters will learn that a U.S. laboratory has been accredited (see next section below) and the manufacturer needs to only submit the product to one lab instead of spending the time and money to have the product tested by both a U.S. and a Canadian lab.
CSA International, the conformity assessment and product certification organization in the CSA Group, and the other four standards development organizations, ULC, CGSB, and BNQ, are also engaged in conformity assessment and product certification.
The relevant Canadian authority must accredit testing and certification organizations that conduct conformity assessment, which in most cases is the SCC. The Standards Council of Canada (SCC) offers accreditation to over 500 mostly Canadian laboratories that conduct scientific testing in a variety of subjects and program specialty areas through the Program for the Accreditation of Laboratories/Canada, better known by its bilingual acronym PALCAN.
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) provides that testing facilities, inspection agencies, and certification bodies of the United States, Canada and Mexico may be accredited in another NAFTA country without obligation to establish facilities in the other country. Thus, NAFTA allows U.S. exporters to get "one-stop shopping" product approval for both the United States and Canada by submitting their product to only one organization in order to get product certification for both countries. This eliminates the time and expense of obtaining separate certifications for each market. Numerous U.S. testing and certification organizations have received accreditation from the SCC.
Provincial regulations, however, do not fall under the NAFTA accreditation framework. U.S. companies faced with difficulties in obtaining provincial approvals should consult with the U.S. Commercial Service to determine the nature of the problem. In the opinion of the Canadian Chamber of Commerce, the most contentious regulatory issue for businesses is overlapping federal and provincial/territorial regulations and separate regulatory regimes among the provinces and territories which discourage companies from expanding into new provincial/territorial jurisdictions due to the added costs of regulatory compliance.
Publication of Technical Regulations
The national gazette of Canada is the Canada Gazette.
Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) including the United States and Canada are required under the World Trade Organization Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade to report proposed technical regulations that may affect trade to the WTO Secretariat, who in turn distributes them to all WTO Members.
The U.S. National Center for Standards and Certification (NCSCI) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) offers a free web-based "Notify Us!" service which provides U.S. industry with the opportunity to review and comment on proposed foreign technical regulations that can affect their businesses. By registering for this service, U.S. companies receive, via e-mail, notifications of drafts or changes to foreign regulations for a specific industry sector and/or country. Notifications of the proposed foreign regulation contain a description of the regulation, the country issuing the regulation, and a final date for comments. Copies of the full text are available upon request from NSCSI. Companies can register for this service on the Notify U.S. website.
Comments regarding proposed regulatory measures should be emailed to NCSCI prior to the comment deadline date indicated on notifications. All requests for extensions of comment dates will be considered and should also be forwarded to NCSCI
Persons who plan to comment on a foreign regulation should contact NCSCI for guidance. If there is insufficient time to review and comment on the regulation, NCSCI staff will request an extension of the comment period. For more information on NCSCI services for U.S. exporters to Canada, see the NCSCI website.
The U.S. Department of Commerce's Trade Compliance Center serves as a point of contact for U.S. companies to submit information on a foreign trade barrier or unfair trade practice they have encountered that is limiting their ability to export or compete internationally.
Labeling and Marking
The Canadian federal Consumer Packaging and Labeling Act and regulations require consumer product packaging to be bilingual in English and French. However, it does not apply to any product that is a device or drug within the meaning of the Food and Drugs Act. The Canada Food Inspection Agency 2003 Guide to Food Labeling and Advertising discusses the requirements of the Food and Drug Act. According to Competition Bureau Canada, the Consumer Packaging and Labeling Act requires that the following information must appear on the package/label of a consumer goods sold in Canada:
Product Identity Declaration: describes a product's common or generic name, or its function. The declaration must be in both English and French.
Net Quantity Declaration: must be expressed in metric units of volume when the product is a liquid or a gas, or is viscous; or in metric units of weight when the product is solid or by numerical count. Net quantity may also be expressed in other established trade terms.
Dealer's Name and Principal Place of Business: where the prepackaged product was manufactured or produced for resale. In general, a name and address sufficient for postal delivery is acceptable. This information can be in either English or French.
The agency responsible for inspection of imports, the Canada Border Services Agency, also requires an indication of the country of origin, such as "Made in the USA," on several classes of imported goods. Goods not properly marked cannot be released from Canada Customs until suitably marked.
The Province of Quebec requires that all products sold in that province be labeled in French and that the use of French be given equal prominence with other languages on any packages or containers. The Charter of the French Language requires the use of French on product labeling, warranty certificates, product manuals, instructions for use, public signs and written advertising. The Office québécois de la langue française (Quebec Office of the French Language) website provides guidance on these requirements.
U.S. exporters of textile and apparel should check the website of Industry Canada's Competition Bureau for specific labeling requirements. Food exporters should check the Canadian Food Inspection Agency's Guide to Food Labeling and Advertising.
For example, Canadian requirements for foods fortified with vitamins and minerals have created a costly burden for American food manufacturers who export to Canada. Health Canada restricts marketing of breakfast cereals and other products, such as orange juice, that are fortified with vitamins and/or minerals at certain levels. Canada's regulatory regime requires that products such as calcium-enhanced orange juice be treated as a drug. This forces manufacturers to label vitamin and mineral fortified breakfast cereals as "meal replacements." These standards impose costs on manufacturers who must make separate production runs for the U.S. and Canadian markets.
In March 2005, the Government of Canada released for public consideration a draft policy on supplemental fortification of food and beverages that reflects the study on Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) undertaken by the U.S. Institute of Medicine (IOM). Industry welcomed the draft policy as it may offer more latitude to manufacturers for discretionary fortification of foods and beverages than the current regulatory regime. The new policy may reduce the cross-border discrepancy in fortification rules. Regulations came into force in late 2007. They may still present barriers to efficient cross-border trade.
Also, Canada's Processed Products Regulations (Canada Agricultural Products Act) prescribe standard container sizes for a wide range of processed fruit and vegetable products. No other NAFTA country imposes such mandatory container size restrictions. The Processed Products Regulations require manufacturers of baby food to sell in only two standardized container sizes: 4.5 ounces (128 ml) and 7.5 ounces (213 ml). The requirement to sell in container sizes that exist only in Canada creates an unnecessary obstacle to trade in baby food between Canada and the United States. Canada claims that the regulations are being rewritten and suggests that U.S. concerns will be addressed. However, it appears that the effort to revise the regulations has stalled, as there has been no progress for the past several years.
Finally, Industry Canada is charged with ensuring that any claims about a product being "environmentally-friendly" are accurate and in compliance with relevant legislation. In general, environmental claims that are ambiguous, misleading or irrelevant, or that cannot be substantiated, should not be used. In all cases, environmental claims should indicate whether they are related to the product itself or to the product's packaging materials. The Canadian government has issued a set of guiding principles governing the use of environmental labeling and advertising, which may be obtained by contacting Industry Canada.


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"Author pays" publishing model: Answering to some objectionsBMJ 2003; 327 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7405.54 (Published 03 July 2003) Cite this as: BMJ 2003;327:54
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- Peter Suber, professor of philosophy (firstname.lastname@example.com)
- Earlham College, Richmond, IN 47374, USA
EDITOR—Many readers' responses to the editorial by Delamothe et al are variations on the theme that authors cannot afford to pay to publish their work, especially young scientists and those from developing countries.1 2
This is a real problem, but the editorial described three actual or potential developments that would make it unnecessary for authors to pay these fees.
Firstly, the editorial advocated that funding agencies treat the cost of …
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text: Editor's Note: Any reference to TheStreet Ratings and its underlying recommendation does not reflect the opinion of TheStreet, Inc. or any of its contributors including Jim Cramer or Stephanie Link. All three major indices are trading up today with the Dow Jones Industrial Average ( ^DJI) trading up 105 points (0.6%) at 16,554 as of Tuesday, April 22, 2014, 12:55 PM ET. The NYSE advances/declines ratio sits at 2,226 issues advancing vs. 749 declining with 155 unchanged. The Real Estate industry currently sits up 0.4% versus the S&P 500, which is up 0.6%. Top gainers within the industry include E-House China Holdings ( EJ), up 6.1%, Zillow ( Z), up 2.6%, KKR Financial Holdings ( KFN), up 2.6%, Howard Hughes ( HHC), up 2.0% and Realogy Holdings ( RLGY), up 1.7%. On the negative front, top decliners within the industry include CommonWealth REIT ( CWH), down 1.7%, Icahn ( IEP), down 1.3%, Macerich Company ( MAC), down 1.1%, Equity Residential ( EQR), down 0.9% and Regency Centers Corporation ( REG), down 0.8%. TheStreet would like to highlight 3 stocks pushing the industry higher today: 3. American Realty Capital Properties ( ARCP) is one of the companies pushing the Real Estate industry higher today. As of noon trading, American Realty Capital Properties is up $0.13 (1.0%) to $13.49 on light volume. Thus far, 2.2 million shares of American Realty Capital Properties exchanged hands as compared to its average daily volume of 10.3 million shares. The stock has ranged in price between $13.34-$13.52 after having opened the day at $13.34 as compared to the previous trading day's close of $13.36. American Realty Capital Properties, Inc. owns and acquires single tenant, freestanding commercial real estate that is net leased on a medium-term basis, primarily to investment grade credit rated and other creditworthy tenants. The company principally invests in retail and office properties. American Realty Capital Properties has a market cap of $10.2 billion and is part of the financial sector. Shares are up 4.0% year-to-date as of the close of trading on Monday. Currently there are 3 analysts who rate American Realty Capital Properties a buy, no analysts rate it a sell, and 3 rate it a hold. TheStreet Ratings rates American Realty Capital Properties as a sell. The company's weaknesses can be seen in multiple areas, such as its feeble growth in its earnings per share, deteriorating net income, weak operating cash flow and generally disappointing historical performance in the stock itself. Get the full American Realty Capital Properties Ratings Report now. 3x UPSIDE POTENTIAL: TheStreet Quant Ratings has identified a handful of stocks that can potentially TRIPLE in the next 12 months. Learn more.


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ARLINGTON, Texas -- Travis Blackley has eight major league wins, four of them pitching against the Texas Rangers.
He'll try to win a game for them on Tuesday night. The Rangers will activate Blackley to start against the team that traded him to Texas last week, the Houston Astros.
Blackley, who hails from Australia, got a kick out of being asked what it was going to be like to pitch for the other side, knowing half his wins have come against Texas.
"Where am I going to get them all now?" Blackley said, followed by a hearty laugh. "I've lost some games to them too. I was joking with some of the guys saying it's good to be here where I don't have to face them anymore and I was hearing the same thing from them, 'I don't have to face you anymore.'"
Blackley, acquired from the Astros last week, will be recalled from Triple-A Round Rock and is expected to throw around 65 pitchers. The Rangers will announce a corresponding move Tuesday, which could have the starter that Blackley is replacing, Alexi Ogando, going to the disabled list with right shoulder inflammation.
Blackley, who pitched out of the bullpen for the Astros this season, threw 40 pitches in a start for Triple-A Round Rock on Thursday. He said he's good with 65 pitches with long man Ross Wolf ready to throw two innings behind him if needed.
"Honestly I could probably go out there and throw 100," Blackley said. "I don't know how I would feel the next couple of days. I know I have it in me. Adrenaline takes over and you don't really feel it. I'll just go with whatever they have planned and take it from there and try to keep throwing up zeroes until they're ready to take me out."
The Rangers considered Wolf for the start, but didn't want to risk losing him for three days out of the bullpen if he threw six or seven innings. This way Wolf can throw a few innings if needed Tuesday and only be down for a day.
Blackley, who has also pitched for Seattle, San Francisco and Oakland, came up big for the A's against the Rangers in Game 161 of last season. He allowed a run in six innings in a 6-4 A's victory, pulling Oakland even with Texas in the American League West. The A's won Game 162 the next day to win the division.
Now Blackley gets a chance to reach the postseason with the Rangers.
"I made it one round into the playoff last year," Blackley said. "Maybe I'll get to further this season."


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Guide to some of the more advanced features on your account.
For all things Affiliate related.
Common issues regarding billing and account setup.
Installing and configuring CloudFlare Content Delivery Network
Documentation on how to use the cPanel control panel.
Most applications require a database to function.
Documentation useful for developers
Information on what domains are and how to use them.
Everything you need to know about using your email.
Commonly asked questions and their answers.
Managing the files on your hosting account.
Information on using the File Transfer Protocol
Everything you need to know about website hosting.
Guides on installing common software.
Information on how to access and interpret your logs.
Getting started with Plesk
Make your hosting account your own with these tips.
Tips & tricks for keeping your website safe and secure.
A good SEO website will receive more traffic.
Information on using SSH
SSL certificates provide security by encrypting communication between the server and the user
Information on transferring your account to us.
Common troubleshooting steps
If your PHP scripts are returning "Forbidden: PHP engine is disabled." error message, please check to make sure that PHP support is being run as Apache module. Login to your Plesk panel. Go to Websites & Domains tab....
To show email headers in Roundcube Webmail, follow the below steps.1. Login to your Roundcube Webmail. 2. Open the email message. 3. There you can find an icon called "Show Source", it will look like a piece of paper with the letter S in...
To block an IP address follow the below steps.1. Login to your cPanel.2. Under security section, click on IP Deny Manager. 3. Below Add an IP to deny, enter the IP address or domain name you want to block. 4. Click Add to complete. To...
The cur subdirectory is used to store emails which were already viewed using some mail clients like Webmail or Outlook. The new subdirectory stores emails which are not yet seen by any mail clients. The tmp subdirectory stores emails...
Unfortunately Frontpage Extensions can not be installed automatically, it must be installed manually. Follow the below steps to install Frontpage manually. Login to Plesk server as admin. Run the package installer to...


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Key Source International announces the newest addition to its line of security products, the SonarLocID, an integrated keyboard that addresses the most important aspect of workstation security- the logoff.
The SonarLocID Keyboard solves security risks and privacy concerns with unattended computers. The SonarLocID keyboard uses state of the art integrated presence detection technology to identify that a user is physically present. The workstation will remain active as long as the user is present, but will securely lock when the user physically steps away, usually one meter or less from the sonar detector. Distance and timing are set by the SonarLocID software utility. Upon return the SonarLocID will prompt you for your user name, password or proximity badge or for truly Advanced Authentication combine the SonarLocID with fingerprint biometrics.
"The need for Information security and protecting corporate data along with meeting government compliance is more of an imperative then ever. Leaving an unattended computer open with sensitive company data or patient information for all to see could cost your employer millions of dollars, in fines and stolen intellectual property. Or worst yet, It could cost YOU your job!" – says Phil Bruno, VP of Marketing at Key Source International.
The SonarLocID keyboard easily attaches to the PC via a USB port and comes with a programming utility that allows for custom keystrokes and delays to be programmed by the user to send a sequence to lock the computer when the user walks away. In addition you can easily program commands for walk up prompts for re-authentication. No software is deployed on the client or server, just simple onboard configurable flash memory that hold user definable keystrokes, delays and settings. The SonarLocID keyboard can be programmed to work seamlessly with most of the popular enterprise single sign on and web based security applications. Typical applications are pharmacy, healthcare, banking, government and HIPAA compliance.


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Starting classes at USF Sarasota-Manatee over the summer helps incoming freshmen get a jump on their college career, introduces them to campus life, and enables them to be a step ahead of their freshmen class. Students receive intensive academic preparation and the personal attention of faculty in a nurturing environment. Students also have the opportunity to strengthen their academic skills before the fall term begins and familiarize themselves with the USFSM campus and its resources. Below are some helpful links to get your started this summer:
Orientation | Student Engagement | Tutoring
When will my summer semester begin?
The summer semester is a five-week term that begins in mid-summer, after most students have completed high school. The 2017 Summer Beginnings will launch on July 5. All students will attend an orientation at the beginning of the summer term. For more information on orientation, please visit usfsm.edu/orientation.
What will a typical day look like in the summer term?
Students will have classes on Mondays and Wednesdays beginning at 9:00am. With study time and planned activities in between classes, students will complete the day at 5:00pm.
What courses will I take?
Students will enroll in 7 credit hours (two 3-credit courses and one 1-credit online course) over the summer. Placement into courses is based on the students SAT/ACT test scores. With their academic advisor, students will finalize their summer course schedule and continue working together towards their greater academic goals.
What requirements do summer courses fulfill?
All summer courses count toward requirements to graduate and count towards the state 9 credit hour summer requirement.
How much will attending this summer cost?
Scholarships are available to help offset some of the cost for Summer Beginnings participants. However, in-state undergraduate tuition at USFSM is $185.92 per credit hour while out-of-state undergraduate tuition is $549.74 per credit hour. Tuition and fees for 7 credit hours this summer for in-state students will be $1,338.44 and $3,885.18 for out-of-state students. Other costs include books ($300), USF student ID ($10), and a summer parking pass ($50). Incoming students are also required to obtain a laptop computer for class use.
|$185.92 per credit hour
|$549.74 per credit hour
|Other Fees
|Approximately $300
|USF Student ID
|Summer Parking Pass


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Olivia Snaps is my personal meme made for when I want to share some of my photography on the blog.
This morning I wanted to show you some of the little photography I do. It's not something I am very good at, but it a little side hobby of mine. I don't have a special camera or anything - all my pictures are taken with my iPhone. Nonetheless, here are six of them. All of these come from my 365 day photo challenge which I am currently doing as well.
Title: My Feet Read My Way Forwards


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What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
Import app not workingAsked by LukeIrvine on August 17, 2015 at 04:20 PM
I am not able to log on to http://import.jotform.io/
What might be the problem?
I appreciate your help with this matter.
Thank you.
Kind regards,
JotForm Support
That seems working fine for me.
Please try to clear your browsers cache and try it again. I would also suggest to login to your Jotform account first at www.jotform.com/login before going to the import app.


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There are people lined up in front of LeBron James's house outside of Akron at this very moment, presumably some of the same jilted fans who approved of his Cavaliers jersey being burned in effigy four years ago.
Northeast Ohio is giddy over the possibility that the man who spurned them for South Beach in 2010 could love them once more — that the NBA's most awesome force could come back into their life and make their lottery team an NBA Finals contender again.
In the waning moments of free agency, he will either go down as Cleveland's all-time cruelest tease or that rare bird able to tweak the title of Thomas Wolfe's classic novel:
Yes, 'Bron, you can go home again.
Either way, let's make this NBA Bachelor episode quick because I'm on a beach in the Outer Banks typing this, waiting for a storm to clear so I can go fishing for speckled trout. The boss owes me one.
And I think I speak for Chris Bosh and all of America right now being held hostage by "The Indecision."
Update at 4:57 p.m.: I just heard from "my guy" in Akron. LeBron is 99 percent returning to Cleveland, he said. His only trepidation is a pattern of unpredictability LeBron and his inner circle have shown in prior instances.
But then, everyone has a guy in Akron or Miami right now, telling them what they want to hear to build their case for where LeBron is heading.
The tea leaves are pointing toward Cleveland because the thought is if Heat president Pat Riley couldn't get a commitment from LeBron to re-sign with the Heat after meeting with him in Las Vegas on Wednesday , Riles is never going to close the deal.
His hunker-down news conference apparently backfired, or so LeBron's people are letting everyone know. Especially this part, when Riley said, "This stuff is hard. And you got to stay together, if you got the guts. And you don't find the first door and run out of it if you have an opportunity."
It was the ol' Riles call to duty that worked for Magic and Kareem, Patrick Ewing, Alonzo Mourning and all the warrior/basketball players he coached. He wasn't begging anyone to stay; he was challenging their manhood, their commitment, their ability to see things through, no one more than the best player in the league, who did about all he humanly could to ensure Miami got back to the finals for a fourth straight time since he signed with the Heat.
If Riley doesn't pull out some miracle, he is going to morph into Cavaliers owner Dan Gilbert this time around — the scorned one, who thought he provided the team and the environment to give LeBron every opportunity he needed to realize his professional dreams but ended up getting left at the altar anyway.
At some point, LeBron's employers should stop taking this personally and just realize they are dealing with a power broker more than a player, who is constantly making a play for his best possible option going forward.
The force of Riley's personality, which still permeates the Heat to the extent that a fine, young coach like Erik Spoelstra will never fully receive his proper due until the team president retires, is why Miami went from an afterthought of an expansion team in the early-1990s to a three-time NBA champion. He is the Heat, from the moment he took the job and made a clear distinction between merely "winning" and "being the winner."
It also may be why LeBron is said to be close to moving on. He just may need to be the Alpha male in any organization he plays for at this point in his career, and any coach, general manager or owner that has influence over his career needs to understand that some players are great enough to enter into business partnerships rather than strictly defined employer/employee relationships.
Riley is clearly more amenable to bending rules and making accommodations than in the past, but he's also remained relevant because he has been able to translate what worked the last millennium into 2014.
Of course, the longer LeBron waits, the more the entire league is on hold — from Bosh's free agent decision to Houston's maneuverings, all the way down to the Minnesota Timberwolves, who have had multiple inquiries about Kevin Love, who doesn't want to be there.
In strict basketball sense, this is a huge gamble for LeBron. He has to believe a player of Kyrie Irving's ilk and a developing but not special roster in Cleveland will all of a sudden turn into a certain Eastern Conference champion again and seriously threaten whoever emerges from the West.
He would play for an unproven rookie coach (newly hired David Blatt) and rely on a very green general manager to bolster Cleveland, which is a much better free-agent sell with LeBron but still not a no-brainer locale like Miami, L.A. or New York.
Most of all, he would have to deliver this time.
If he doesn't, Riley won't feel like he overplayed his hand. He will feel like karma caught up to King James.
Personally, I thought he had all he wanted in Miami, and if Riles could just tweak the roster and acquire genuine all-around players rather than specialists, the Heat would have at least three more title runs left.
But if he or his people felt slighted by the man in charge, well, divas do what divas do when they don't get their way; they seek refuge in people who give them their way.
Either way, let's get this over. Now. It's not just that the storm has passed here or that ESPN's Josina Anderson probably does not want to stay up all night in front of Cleveland's Quicken Loans Arena waiting for her next live hit.
The longer this LeBron-a-thon goes, the worse it looks for a player who owes no team or town anything other than a phone call before he tells the nation he is leaving his current home. If he learned anything from 2010, it's that breakups are less painful when everyone involved knows exactly where they stand.
Somebody is going to be crestfallen. Some team will not get the final rose. The least he could do is let the runner-up know before we do.
For more by Mike Wise, visit washingtonpost.com/wise.


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America's Next Top Model Rocked!
The 11th "cycle" of America's Next Top Model premiered last night and it was really worth the two hours The CW allotted for it. This season promises to be the most daring ever because Isis is the first transgender contestant. Amelia and I couldn't wait to start IMing about the new contestants and, of course Tyra, when we got into The Frisky offices this morning. Our chat is after the jump, but also check out the video clip above. First, Gossip Girl, then 90210, and now ANTM…this has been a great week for TV. [Um, and a bad week for reading and outdoor activities. — Editor]


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| The following Space Race Didn't End page is under construction.
Please do not edit or alter this article in any way while this template is active. All unauthorized edits may be reverted on the admin's discretion. Propose any changes to the talk page.
Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. The planet is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty. After the Moon, it is the brightest natural object in the night sky, reaching an apparent magnitude of −4.6, bright enough to cast shadows. Because Venus is an inferior planet from Earth, it never appears to venture far from the Sun: its elongation reaches a maximum of 47.8°. Venus reaches its maximum brightness shortly before sunrise or shortly after sunset, for which reason it has been referred to by ancient cultures as the Morning Star or Evening Star.
The first robotic space probe mission to Venus, and the first to any planet, began on 12 February 1961, with the launch of the Venera 1 probe. The first craft of the otherwise highly successful Soviet Venera program, Venera 1 was launched on a direct impact trajectory, but contact was lost seven days into the mission, when the probe was about two million km from Earth. It was estimated to have passed within 100,000 km of Venus in mid-May.
The Soviets


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Get all 7 Killing Off Characters releases available on Bandcamp and save 50%.
Includes unlimited streaming via the free Bandcamp app, plus high-quality downloads of Sweetest Little Failure, Up Shit Creek, Losing Sleep, "At Least We Got The 'Trees" & "Stuck Searching", The Facts That Lead Me Back, Killing Off Characters {Remix Edition}, and Killing Off Characters. , and , .
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Stores »
This striking tea towel features an injet print on 100% honeycomb cotton.
The set wouldn't be complete without the spoon. High quality inkjet print on honeycomb cotton. The tree towels would also make a good kitchen displays.
HIgh quality inkjet print on a 100% honeycomb cotton tea towel. Nice!
We are a community of shoppers sharing our best finds from across the web.
© 2017 ThisNext, Inc. ThisNext is a member of BUZZMEDIA Entertainment, a division of BUZZMEDIA.


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Updated to reflect additional analyst comments and updated share prices NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -- When Wells Fargo ( WFC) reports first-quarter earnings later in April it may resolve a lingering question about Warren Buffett's bank investing strategy: Has the "Oracle of Omaha" put his money behind America's most profitable bank? Expectations are for Wells Fargo to possibly unseat JPMorgan Chase ( JPM) as the most profitable U.S. bank by year end and solidify Buffett's next bank investing coup .
Going into first quarter earnings, investors are expecting big results out of Wells Fargo, after its record fourth quarter earnings outperformed rivals. The San Francisco-based bank saw its earnings grow nearly 30% in 2011, significantly beating the sub-10% earnings growth of competitors like JPMorgan and Citigroup ( C), while Bank of America ( BAC) swung from a 2010 loss to a moderate profit. Wells Fargo is expected to earn $3.9 billion in first quarter profit on $20.3 billion in revenue, according to consensus estimates compiled by Bloomberg. For 2012, the nation's fourth largest bank by assets is expected to post a record $17.5 billion profit on $81.3 billion in revenue, which would put it in contest with the $18.5 billion in profit that JPMorgan is expected to earn. While the profit gap with JPMorgan is expected to narrow next year, don't count Wells Fargo out in 2012. Momentum is on its side. Wells Fargo shareholders, led by Buffett and his 7.28% share stake, have benefitted from the bank's faster growth expectations. In the past 12 months, Wells Fargo is the only "big four" bank to post share price gains, even after a 2012 financial sector share rally that's added over 20% to the KBW Bank Index ( KBE). Since this time last year, Wells Fargo shares are up over 7%, while JPMorgan is just in the red and Citigroup and Bank of America continue to show deep losses from a 40%-plus 2011 share crash. After stress tests results were reported by the Federal Reserve earlier in March, Wells Fargo led one of the most ambitious capital return and buyback programs, boosting its dividend by 83% and adding billions in share buybacks. Starting in 2012, Buffett and other Wells Fargo investors could see a an annual rate of return near 18% driven by the company's improving profitability, according to Marty Mosby of Guggenheim Partners While Wells Fargo shares trade at $34 -- below 2007 highs -- the company's earnings per share of $2.82 in 2011 eclipsed a previous pre-crisis high of $2.38. After a 2008 acquisition of Wachovia doubled the bank's revenue and earnings, Wells Fargo is expected to see continued growth. "
E arnings levers could add almost $3 in earnings power to 2007 earnings per share of $2.38, more than double the level of earnings when the stock price peaked at around $37," notes Mosby in a Friday report. He rates shares a "buy," with a price target of $43. In first quarter earnings, Wells Fargo is expected to show a strong combination of revenue growth and cost reductions, which could keep quarterly profits near record levels. Of the largest U.S. lenders, Wells Fargo also has the largest portion of its revenue tilted to the U.S. housing and mortgage market, which could recover with the broader economy in 2012. "We see the bank benefiting from a recovery in the US economy and housing market," writes Richard Staite of Atlantic Equities in a March 23 note raising his price target on shares to $40 from $38, while maintaining an "outperform" rating.


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Bravo Bolsters Its Affluence Appeal
Bravo has a new top boss in Bonnie Hammer, but she's not planning to mess with success.
Bravo has a new top boss in Bonnie Hammer, but she's not planning to mess with success.
It didn't feature any dynastic ducks, big bangs or ravenous zombies, but USA emerged the most popular cable network in primetime for the first quarter. In a three-month period that saw AMC's "The…
Season-two climax shows how "Girls" can be fascinating in how it depicts darkness, but not particularly insightful about that darkness.
It's been a tough midseason for new and returning shows bowing on the Big Four — plenty of tankings and yankings — and no net has been immune. Though Fox's "The Following" has carved out a sizable…
The editorial crew of "Swamp People" has walked off the job, alleging unfair labor practices.
Cable's rural reality crop continues to grow as TLC orders aditional episodes of summer sensation "Here Comes Honey Boo Boo."
Tireless competitor also has Lifetime in purview
Don't ever accuse History of being small-minded.
Whether they're fishing, hunting or making duck calls, wilderness warriors are new celebs
"Hatfields and McCoys" has made history at History, drawing 13.9 million viewers in its initial telecast Monday night to become the most-watched nonsports program in ad-supported cable history.
With shows like "Pawn Stars" and "Swamp People," History has made itself over as the most successful purveyor of unscripted programming on cable. Now, on the eve of its first airing of a scripted…


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Include a picture too. I doubt I would ever get tatted. But if in the future I did, I would get either something like this:
Or this:
Oh and if you already have tattoos, feel free to show them off :P
Most Helpful Girl
I don't plan on getting a tattoo but if I got one it would probably be a butterfly in my lower back, about 3 inches above the hip bone. I saw photos of those tattoos and thought they looked nice.00|00|0
Most Helpful Guy
I want to get a huge Virgin Mary on my back
Then I want two angels beside her
I want JESUS' face on my right pec
And Moses on my left pec
Then I want the Ten Commandments on my abs
On my right arm I want a picture of my dog lily
On my left I want a picture of kid Goku
On my calf I want to get a rose
And on the other I want to get a gun
Yeah that's it10|10|0
"Yeah that's it" lol
Haha I think I have good taste tbh


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Possible Bug: Getting an error when trying to create PDF of cloned formAsked by nsmaple on October 20, 2015 at 09:58 PM
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Paul A. Rooney, PGA
Main Address:
Tri County Golf Ranch
455 Tri County Pkwy
Cincinnati, OH 45246-3200
(513) 771-6001
455 Tri County Pkwy
Cincinnati, OH 45246-3200
(513) 771-6001
Paul Rooney is a PGA Professional in Cincinnati, OH. The PGA of America comprises 27,000 men and women professionals with one singular goal in mind - to make the game of golf more enjoyable for you.
Services Offered:
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Free Fitting Month
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Home » Golf Courses » Ohio » Kings Mills » Paul A. Rooney, PGA
PGA of America Championships
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Le Golf National
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Olympia Fields Country Club
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Trump National Golf Club
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For twenty years, Juma's students have overcome obstacles to accept their high school diplomas—and they're doing it again. You've helped make this moment possible. Please join us as we celebrate the graduating class of 2013.
On July 16, we will commemorate the accomplishments of our 2013 high school seniors. Enjoy great food and drinks as we recognize our college-bound graduates, including this year's Youth of the Year.
The evening marks an important milestone in the lives of these students and the promise of even greater things to come. We hope that you will celebrate with us.
When | Tuesday, July 16 from 6pm to 8pm
Where | Oakland Museum of California, 1000 Oak Street, Oakland, CA 94607
About Juma: Juma Ventures breaks the cycle of poverty by ensuring that young people complete a four-year college degree. Since 1993, Juma has helped more than 3,000 low-income students earn $3 million in wages and save more than $2 million toward higher education.
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In a little over a week, gamers will finally get their first taste of a true next-gen multiplayer experience in the form of Titanfall. Well, at least that's what developer Respawn Entertainment claims their freshman game will deliver.
But while Respawn has been out there hyping up Titanfall with talk of accessible multiplayer and unique combat opportunities, they have shied away from a lot of concrete details. In fact, many of the more recent juicy Titanfall details have come by way of leaks rather than straight from the horse's mouth.
Gamers learned more about the game's maps, perk options, and weapon selection thanks to these leaks, but few were backed up with confirmation from Respawn. However, a second, more recent leak has helped support some of those initial teases, while also giving gamers a closer look at some of Titanfall's unannounced maps.
The leaked details and screens come courtesy of Reddit user FallenFusion and are supposed to work in tandem with the prior leak (from RazorUK). They include news of a new mode called Pilot Hunter, turrets, a screenshot of the Generations feature, and zipelines, as well as 10 tantalizing screenshots. FallenFusion will not say how exactly he or she came across these details, but they suggest some intimate knowledge of the game. For example, they reveal that the game's two-sided multiplayer campaign includes a total of 9 matches per faction. Now for the details.
First up is Pilot Hunter — a mode that sounds a lot like Last Titan Standing, only with the focus placed on the ground troops. In this mode, players will only earn points towards a score limit for killing enemy pilots. Every other task will help decrease a player's time to titanfall, but taking down pilots is key to victory.
Turrets, as gamers might expect, are large emplacements scattered across Titanfall's various multiplayer battlefields. They are useful on both pilots and titans, and are completely A.I.-controlled. It is possible to hack a turret, however, and force it to fight for the opposite faction.
Generations is, as previously rumored, Titanfall's version of a Prestige feature. Players lose all multiplayer progress (save for burn cards) but earn a special emblem and 110% XP earn.
Some maps in Titanfall reportedly feature ziplines. Not much more to say than that except that ziplines can be used to travel in both directions.
Finally, the biggest items in the leak are the below screens. In them, readers can get a better sense of what Titanfall will offer as far as a multiplayer map selection. There's certainly a common aesthetic to all of them, but the limited perspective of the screens make it hard to get a full picture of each map. Obviously, each map will need to be accommodating to both pilots and titans, but it will be nice to see different types of layouts.
Again, with 8 days until Titanfall hits the Xbox One and PC – sorry Xbox 360 gamers – only the most curious of gamers are encouraged to delve deeper into the latest rumor pool looking for answers. Respawn has done their part to tease the game enough — through the beta test, screenshots, and trailers — that you are either anxiously anticipating March 11th or you couldn't care less.
Is there any element of Titanfall that you feel has not been sufficiently detailed? What are your hopes for the game's multiplayer map selection?
Titanfall releases March 11, 2014 for the PC and Xbox One, and March 25th for the Xbox 360.
Source: Reddit


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Grants distributed from Foundation For The Carolinas have made a positive difference for millions of people throughout our region since the Foundation's inception in 1958. Grants represent distributions from charitable funds held at Foundation For The Carolinas, which are advised by individuals, families, volunteer boards, nonprofits, and corporations. Grants are made to qualified 501(c)(3), governmental, educational and religious organizations throughout the United States.
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Visit the links below to learn more about the Foundation's grantmaking programs.
Click here to access the online grants portal.


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Creating PDF formsAsked by csandoval on August 05, 2015 at 01:35 PM
I'm having issues creating PDF forms from JotForm forms. I click "Create PDF form" in the dropdown, and get a small, 12-byte file (regardless of whatever form I try to download) that cannot be opened because it's "damaged." I don't get a pop-up with any of the selections seen in this documentation.
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I checked your jotform account/username csandoval and I noted that you do not have any form yet under the account.
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AWE Limited released a gross unconventional prospective resource estimate of 11.1 Trillion Cubic Feet (TCF) of gas and 31 million barrels of Natural Gas Liquids (NGLs) in its four most southern exploration permits in the onshore Perth Basin.
The estimate was provided in an independent technical assessment of exploration permits EP413, EP455, L4 and L5 undertaken by Deloitte LLP's Calgary-based Resource Evaluation and Advisory practice (REA). AWE has equity interests ranging from 44.25% to 100% in these permits.
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text: ← Part 3 ⋅ Part 5 → NIPPLE FACE NIPPLE FACE! is the fourth episode of PewDiePie's Let's Play of Cleverbot. It was uploaded July 26th, 2012 and is 10:01 minutes long. VideoEdit 10:01 NIPPLE FACE NIPPLE FACE! - Cleverbot - Part 4 Retrieved from "http://pewdiepie.wikia.com/wiki/Cleverbot_-_Part_4?oldid=36663" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Categories: Cleverbot Add category Cancel Save


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Error handler code for nasty LotusScript errors tip
Generic Error Handler code for use with another tip.
This Article Covers
Domino Resources - Part 4
This tip contains Generic Error Handler code for use with Dovid Gross's tip Find those nasty LotusScript Web server errors.
Use the following variables for access to the current function and calling function:
LSI_INFO(2) = Current function LSI_INFO(12) = Calling function
An example of the above is found below, but it can be integrated with Find those nasty LotusScript Web server errors to give easier code snippets, reducing coding errors such as spelling mistakes.
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function function1() on error goto genericerror call subfunction goto ExitCode GenericError: msgbox lsi_info(2) & " / " & lsi_info(12) & ":" & error$ & " at line " & erl() resume ExitCode ExitCode: end function function subfunction() on error goto genericerror ' raise an error error 1 goto ExitCode GenericError: msgbox lsi_info(2) & " / " & lsi_info(12) & ":" & error$ & " at line " & erl() resume ExitCode ExitCode: end function


text:
Besides implants because that is out of the question right now. I just don't know how to accept them or to be happy with them with the way they are. I am completely convinced that they are ugly. It makes me hate the way I look and constantly feel self conscience and less then. I've read that none of the creams or pills work. Does anyone know of anything I can do to improve them?
Most Helpful Guy
I'm going to tell you something you have probably not hears from a man before:
I strongly PREFER saggy boobs.
I understand your feelings on your boobs. They are remarkably common among women. My thinking on this is that women associate perkiness with youth. Since youth is strongly associated with beauty, perky boobs are seen (by women) as beautiful. Whereas anything that differs from that ideal is seen to be lacking in beauty.
Guys think differently.
Guys like me don't look at teenaged girls as the exemplars of female beauty. We have always looked at adult women as the peak of sexy. That includes saggy boobs too.
As far as implants go, most guys are not fans. The problem with implants is that they are often chosen for how they will look under clothes. Fake boobs look like they are in a bra even when they are not. They don't have the same fluid motion that real boobs have. No jiggle, sway, or bounce. (Pro tip: it's this motion that guys are attracted to, not so much the shape.)
In that context, soft, saggy boobs simply have more of what I'm attracted to (jiggle, sway and bounce).
The fact of the matter is that while guys have many different tastes, most of us prefer boobs of any size so long as they are natural. Most guys will not be bothered by saggy boobs. Some, like me, actually prefer what you already have.11|00|0
I feel a lot better now. And now I wonder what kind of guys would tell a girl she should get a boob job because hers are ugly... I don't understand that at all. I mean mine aren't like deformed or just completely different. I've seen others like mine. There just not shaped how I would like them to be. And the way the boobs on the internet look (I mean the natural ones not the fake ones). I guess real men and mature men don't judge boobs the way women do and the way immature guys do. They think there pretty much all beautiful because they are different and y'all appreciate the variety. I wish there were more men like that. I'm sure there's a lot more then I think there are... but that guy who said I needed a boob job made me so insecure. Making me think everyone saw them like that.
I guess it depends on the particular corner of the internet you are looking in.
Google search the following:
saggy boobs tumblr
Be amazed by the sexy women that look just like you.
As far as maturity goes, I've felt this way all of my life. I did not mature into it. I remember being in bed with the girl I lost my virginity to. I had a hell if a time trying to convince her that I liked her boobs (they were saggy... big surprise). She kept telling me "I know what guys like. You don't have to pretend."
My reaction: "Hey there, [waving] I'm the naked guy here in your bed. Who are these hypothetical guys with their likes and dislikes? I'm real, I'm here. I like you. Please believe me when I say I'm happy with your boobs."
Most Helpful Girl
I have the same problem. I am finally a B cup, but I still want to be bigger. My 19yo sister just rubbed my nose in the fact that she had to go buy a bigger bra since she just outgrew her D cup.. she is now in a DD cup or small E. "Cassie wears training bras! You are just jealous of me coz I have big boobs and you don't and guys like me better coz you are flat chested!" The taunts have gone on for years.
I have tried wearing padded bras and using gel inserts. It makes me look bigger and fuller, but I know they aren't real and when I am with a guy in the bedroom, he knows they aren't real and he usually leaves.
I have talked to my obgyn a lot about this. For me, I used to be a small A cup and only weighed like 95lbs (up to 18 yo). She told me that a lot of breast tissue is fat. I worked hard to get my weight up and finally got to an average of 115 lbs for like a year. I noticed by the time i was about 20 yo, my boobs had gone up to a B cup and that is where they have stayed.
My doctor said even if i put on more weight, my boobs probably will not get any bigger. She jokingly said aside from implants, I should wait until I get pregnant and then they will get bigger.
Ironically, last year around April, I got prego and dint know it. I had an abortion at almost 3 months, but my doctor was right... my boobs went up to a full large C cup, but I also put on a lot of weight around my waist and hips, so i looked really pudgy. After not being prego, my boobs are back to a large B cup.
So at this point, I am like you. The only permanent option I have is implants and right now, I cannot afford them.
Hope this helps... you can always message me if you want a shoulder to cry on.. misery loves company..
oh... the cure I did find was to find a man that loves me for who I am... no boobs, no hips, no butt, a sunken tummy, and skinny legs... he loves me so much and told me he does not want me changing a thing! It really has helped my self esteem having him in my life.
He tells me he loves me at least 5 times a day. Plus, we have sex every morning (he wakes me up), sometimes twice, and then he WANTS me when he gets home at night. You don't know how this helps me to accept who and what I am and look like!00|00|0
Omg I have no hips either. Don't even get me started on that one. And I feel like my butt is too small. A lot of guys and people have said I have a nice butt so I'm not quite as insecure about that... sometimes. But it completely sucks that we don't get to choose how our bodies look. And I hate when I hear that you have more curves when you have more estrogen. Therefore I must not have a lot of it which really does make me less of a woman. I feel like I'm more of a man. Eww... I just can't stand it
Email me on here... I want to talk.. you sound so much like me... we both need a friend to cry to... I know I "am supposed to be happy" that my boyfriend finds me so attractive, but it is really hard. All my gfs have nice figures and I feel like seriously, i have a 2nd Grader Figure.
I hate the most that my hipbones stick out... sure "nice bikini bridge" when I am in a bikini, but i just hate being like this.
I guess what got me going on a rant, was seeing Ariel Winter got a boob reduction at 15yo... OMG, i would so kill to have DD boobs. doesn't she get that her costar Sofia is like a E cup and uses it to be famous!
Email me, coz I could use a friend who understands what I am going through... yes, i get told I have a cute butt... seriously, I am 32B, 24 waist, 33 hips.. I weigh 103 lbs today. I am a size 0 and I so hate having to go buy stuff in the girls Junior dept so many times!


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