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Sequence analysis of the immunoglobulin heavy chain genes (IgH) has demonstrated preferential usage of specific variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) genes at different stages of B-cell development and in B-cell malignancies, and this has provided insight into B-cell maturation and selection. Knowledge of the association between rearrangement patterns based on updated databases and clinical characteristics of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is limited. We analyzed 381 IgH sequences identified at presentation in 317 children with B-lineage ALL and assessed the VHDHJH gene utilization profiles. The DHJH-proximal VH segments and the DH2 gene family were significantly overrepresented. Only 21% of VH-JH joinings were potentially productive, a finding associated with a trend toward an increased risk of relapse. These results suggest that physical location at the VH locus is involved in preferential usage of DHJH-proximal VH segments whereas DH and JH segment usage is governed by position-independent molecular mechanisms. Molecular pathophysiology appears relevant to clinical outcome in patients who have only productive rearrangements, and specific rearrangement patterns are associated with differences in the tumor biology of childhood ALL. (Blood. 2004;103:4602-4609)
Immunoglobulin (Ig) genes are assembled from germ line variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) gene segments during early B-cell differentiation by a site-directed DNA rearrangement mechanism known as VDJ recombination.1 Further recombination at the heavy chain (H) locus is prevented by a productive VHDHJH rearrangement that also triggers rearrangements at the light chain (L) loci, most often κ followed by λ.2,3 During these joining steps, antibody diversity is generated by the following mechanisms: (1) somatic recombination of multiple VH, DH, and JH segments; (2) nucleotide deletions of the 3′-end VH segment; (3) non-germ line-encoded (N) nucleotide insertions by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT); (4) germ line-encoded palindromic (P) nucleotide additions; (5) transcription of D regions in any of 3 potential open reading frames; (6) fusion and inversion of D regions; and (7) somatic mutation.4-8
A complete map of the human Ig VHDHJH loci has now been constructed on chromosome 14q32.2 in a telomeric-to-centromeric direction.9,10 The VH region contains 123 VH segments, of which 79 are pseudogenes and 44 have an open reading frame.10 The VH genes are grouped into 7 VH families based on their high sequence homology and not by their location on chromosome 14q32. VH3 is the largest family followed by VH4 and VH1.9,10 VH6-1 is the most proximal to the DHJH loci.9,10 The DH region contains 27 DH segments, of which 25 have been shown to be involved in creation of human antibody.11 Seven DH families are classified based on sequence homology. DH7-27 is closest to the JH locus.11 Six JH segments are functional.12,13 The rearranged heavy chain consists of the 3 high variable regions, complementarity determining regions (CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3), flanked by less variable framework regions (FR1, FR2, FR3, and FR4).4 The CDRs, especially CDR3, are considered as the core portion responsible for antigen recognition.4 The CDR3 sequence is unique to each rearrangement and therefore identifies individual B cells or clonal B-cell expansion.4,14,15
The VHDHJH gene repertoires are restricted and developmentally regulated at early stages of differentiation.3,16 In the most immature B-cell precursors (pro-B cells), the IgH genes remain germ line or there is only DHJH joining.2,17 At the next stage, in early pre-B cells, VH genes join to the joined DHJH to complete the IgH rearrangement.2,18 Numerous studies in both mice and humans have shown stage-specific trends in usage of V, D, and J genes, the degree of N nucleotide addition, and the rate of somatic mutation.8,16-20 In the murine system, a biased use of JH-proximal VH segments and a high frequency of absence of N sequences at DHJH joining were demonstrated at fetal stages of development.19-21 In humans, a similar trend was found by a marked overrepresentation of some VH (VH3, VH5, and VH6), DH (DH7-27), and JH (JH3 and JH4) segments and by a short CDR3 length in fetal liver B cells and in immature B cells.16-18
Previous studies have demonstrated a preferential usage of specific VH genes in B-cell malignancies.15,22,23 In mantle cell lymphoma, VH3-21, VH3-23, VH4-34, VH4-59, and VH5-51 segments have shown to be most widely used.24,25 In B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), patients with unmutated compared with somatically mutated VH genes have a worse prognosis.26,27 A biased utilization of VH1-69 combined with selected DH gene segments and JH6 has been found in unmutated cases,28 and patients with mutated Ig VH3-21 genes had significantly shorter survival than other mutated patients.29 In B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), a privileged usage of VH6 gene has been shown in both adult and childhood patients.30-32 Sequence analysis of the CDR region demonstrated that DH6 (DN1), JH4, and JH6 appeared to be overrepresented compared with the expected frequency of use according to the size of each DH or JH gene family.14,33 Several studies have suggested that childhood B-ALL is derived from early fetal life or immature B cells.31-33 In one study, in-frame and out-of-frame CDR3 joinings were observed in one third and two thirds of the rearrangements in pre-B-ALL, similar to the frequency of occurrence in nonmalignant early pre-B cells,33 whereas another study found that in-frame CDR3 rearrangement occurred in 78% in children and 64% in adults, similar to that observed in healthy B cells (75%).34
Most previous studies of V gene usage in B-ALL have been performed using databases with limitations for the newly identified germ line genes and the completed gene map and in particular have focused on gene family usage rather than location on the chromosome. In particular, awareness of connections among the IgH rearrangement patterns and clinical characteristics has been relatively limited in ALL compared with the more recent studies in CLL. To derive clone-specific oligonucleotides from IgH rearrangements for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection, we prospectively sequenced VHDHJH regions at presentation in 317 children with B-cell lineage ALL treated sequentially in a single protocol. The aims of this study were to describe VHDHJH rearrangement profiles in children with B-lineage ALL, to evaluate biologic and structural features in clonal expanded B cells by comparison with previous findings of the human Ig VH repertoire,9,10 and to investigate the association between rearrangement patterns and clinical characteristics.
Materials and methods
Patient samples
Bone marrow (BM) and/or peripheral blood (PB) samples were obtained at presentation and IgH rearrangements sequenced in 317 children with B-lineage ALL enrolled consecutively in Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) ALL Consortium protocol 95-01. Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent were obtained for treatment and for procurement of the samples in all cases.
DNA preparation
Mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll gradient centrifugation (Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden), lysed, and DNA extracted and purified according to the manufacturer's instructions using the NucleoSpin kit (BD Biosciences, Palo Alto, CA).
PCR analysis of IgH gene rearrangements
To identify patient leukemia-related IgH gene rearrangements, diagnostic BM and/or PB samples were polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified using a series of 7 VH family FR1 consensus primers and a JH consensus primer in a modification of a method previously described.35 Primers were purchased from a commercial supplier (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). The PCR conditions and methods used for detection of PCR products have been previously described.36
Direct sequencing of PCR product
Clonal PCR products were excised and purified using QIAquick gel extraction kits (QIAGEN, Valencia, CA). Purified PCR fragments were sequenced directly by the Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center Core Sequencing Facility (Boston, MA). Sequence reactions were analyzed on an Applied Biosystems 3700 capillary sequencer using Big Dye Terminator Chemistry version 2 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). The relevant consensus forward and reverse primers were used as sequence primers to obtain the sequence of both strands. Nucleotide sequences were aligned using the DNAstar software (DNASTAR, Madison, WI).
Interpretation of sequence data
VH,DH, and JH segments were identified with a closest matching known human germ line genes using the ImMunoGeneTics (IMGT) Database (http://imgt.cines.fr, IMGT, European Bioinformatics Institute, Montepellier, France), the IGBlast search (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/igblast/, National Center for Biotechnology Information, Bethesda, MD), or V BASE directory using DNAPLOT (http://www.mrc-cpe.cam.ac.uk/DNAPLOT.php?menu=901, Center for Protein Engineering, Cambridge, United Kingdom). The following criteria were used for DH gene determination: a minimal homology of 6 matches in a row or 7 matches interrupted by 1 mismatch. The CDR3 length was calculated according to previously described criteria.6
Statistical analysis
Descriptive statistics (percentages, medians, and ranges) were used to describe VDJ gene utilization profiles. The χ2 test was used to compare 2 categoric variables, and for 2 × 2 tables we used the Fisher exact test.37 The Wilcoxon rank-sum and the Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare a continuous variable with a categoric variable with 2 or more categories, respectively.38 The exact binomial distribution was used to assess differences between a specific observed percentage and an expected percentage. The Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were used to estimate and compare time to relapse according to productivity of the rearrangements.39,40 All tests were 2-sided except the exact binomial, which was 1-sided.
A total of 381 IgH sequences were identified at presentation from 317 children with B-lineage ALL enrolled in DFCI ALL Consortium protocol 95-01. A high identity (more than 98%) to the human germ line gene segments was found in 375 (98.4%) of the 381 sequences. We identified only 6 sequences (1.5%) with identity in a range of 86% to 96%. Of note, 4 of these cases used V3-11, raising the possibility of polymorphisms at this locus.
VH gene usage
The frequency of the usage of the specific VH segments is shown by their position on chromosome 14 in a telomeric-to-centromeric direction in Figure 1.
When this region was divided into 4 clusters each of approximately 200 kilobase (kb), we observed a privileged use of the DHJH-proximal VH segments in cluster D, with 47% versus expected 25% use (P < .001 using the binomial test). Fifty-two germ line VH segments were used by the 381 IgH sequences. VH6-1 (35, 9.19%), VH3-13 (32, 8.4%), and VH4-34 (22, 5.77%) were the 3 most overused VH segments in pediatric B-ALL. Of the 52 VH segments used, 9 were pseudogenes used by 24 sequences. In the DHJH-proximal VH segments, VH6-1 segment was used in 35 of the 177 sequences, followed by VH3-13 (n = 32), VH3-11 (n = 19), VH1-2 (n = 18), VH2-5 (n = 16), VH1-3 (n = 12), VH3-9 (n = 12), and VH3-15 (n = 10) segment. The rest of these VH segments (VH1-14, VH5-a, VH2-10, VH1-8, VH2-5, VH3-7, and VH4-4) in this region were used by fewer than 10 sequences.
Of the 381 IgH sequences, VH3 family gene segments were identified in 192 clones (50%), followed by VH1 (62, 16%), VH4 (60, 16%), VH6 (35, 9%), VH2 (22, 6%), and VH5 (10, 3%). VH3 is the largest family in children with B-lineage ALL, with its usage occurring at frequency commensurate with its germ line family size.10 We observed a privileged usage of VH6 (9%) in children with B-lineage ALL compared with peripheral B lymphocytes (PBLs) (0.8%, P = .006 using the χ2 test). Although murine data suggest that this gene segment is overused also in normal B cells in early life,30 there are no published human studies to assess whether VH6 use in ALL is different from what would be seen in fetal and childhood B cells.
DH gene usage
Of the 381 IgH sequences, DH segments could be identified in 304 sequences. For 77 (20%) of the 381 sequences insufficient D segment sequence was available for definitive identification of the DH gene segment used, either because of aberrant VDJ recombinations or from exonuclease activity. A single DH gene was identified in 301 sequences, and the unusual DH-DH joining sequences were found in only 3 sequences. For these 3 sequences using more than one DH gene, the JH-proximal DH segment was considered for gene usage analysis to assess DJ recombination. The DH2 gene family was used most frequently at 35% (105), followed by DH3 (32%, 97), DH6 (12%, 37), DH1 (8%, 23), DH5 (5%, 15), DH7 (4%, 12), and DH4 (4%, 12), respectively. The DH2 and DH7 genes were overrepresented whereas DH4 and DH5 gene segments were underrepresented in B-lineage ALL CDR3 regions compared with usage in PBLs12 (P < .001 using χ2 test) as shown in Figure 2.
Similar to the VH gene families, assignment to DH gene families is based upon sequence homology and not their chromosomal loci. The telomeric-to-centromeric position of these genes is shown in Figure 3 with the percentage of utilization of each gene. Four clusters were assigned, each of approximately 15 kb. A privileged usage of JH-distal DH segments was observed in cluster A (37%) and in cluster B (37%) versus expected 25% (P < .001 using the exact binomial test). Of 27 human germ line DH gene segments, 26 were used by the B-ALL IgH sequences including 2 pseudogenes (DH1-14 and DH6-25). None of the sequences used DH4-4 segment. Seven DH segments (DH2-2, DH3-3, DH2-8, DH3-9, DH3-10, DH2-15, and DH3-22) were overrepresented in comparison to individual family size as shown in Figure 3 (P < .001 using the exact binomial distribution).
Joining gene usage
Usage of the JH4 gene family was 39% (148), followed by JH6 (34%, 131), JH5 (20%, 78), JH2 (3%, 11), JH3 (2%, 7), and JH1 (2%, 6), respectively. The JH gene usage in children with B-lineage ALL is significantly different from the JH usage found in normal PBLs12 where JH4 is the most prominent JH gene, used in 52.5%, versus JH6, in 22.2% (P < .001 using the χ2 test; Figure 4).
CDR3 length
The CDR3 length was calculated in size of base pairs (bp) for 381 sequences showing a median of 30.0 bp. Excessively long CDR3 length (more than 100 bp) was found in 4 sequences, and by basic local alignment sequence tool (BLAST) search aberrant VDJ recombination was identified, including incorporation of DH intron sequences in one case. For patients with multiple IgH sequences, the average of the CDR3 lengths was considered. We observed a significant association between CDR3 length and the VH or DH family utilization but not by their JH genes (Table 1). A short CDR3 was correlated with utilization of VH6 and DH7-27 segments (P < .01 using the Kruskal-Wallis test).
Biclonality and oligoclonality
A single IgH sequence was identified in 256 cases from diagnostic tumor samples, whereas 2 sequences were found in 58 cases and 3 sequences were found in 3 children. However, the technical approach we use identifies only major clonal rearrangements and does not detect small subclones. In this study we observed no correlation between biclonality or oligoclonality and clinical features except chromosome 9 deletions and in particular noted no association with relapse (Table 2).
In 52 (85%) of the 61 patients with more than one sequence at presentation, the IgH sequences were unrelated. Only 9 cases of the samples identified at presentation involved ongoing IgH rearrangement mechanisms, phenomena described previously to account for clonal evolution.41-44 Sequence analyses demonstrated 2 cases showing VH-VH replacement (cases 99 and 177), 6 cases showing VH to DHJH joining (cases 190, 246, 266, 269, 392, and 400), and 1 case showing an "open-and-shut" mechanism (Table 3).Although any of these sequences identified at presentation could be used for MRD detection, no relapses have occurred in any of these 9 children.
Functional rearrangements in B-cell childhood ALL.
Among the 381 sequences, 302 (79%) were joined in a potentially nonproductive rearrangement, including out-of-frame joinings or in-frame joinings containing a stop codon. Only 21% of the IgH rearrangements could potentially result in production of heavy chain protein, and these cases demonstrated an association with privileged usage of VH segments with 36% of these sequences utilizing VH4 (Table 4).
In-frame rearrangements only were detected in 59 patients, out-of-frame rearrangements only in 239, and in 19 patients both in-frame and out-of-frame rearrangements were detected in the same patient (Table 5). We noted an association between the presence of more than one sequence and whether the rearrangements were in frame or out of frame (Table 5).
Only 3% of patients with only in-frame rearrangements had more than one sequence detested, compared with 17% of the cases with only out-of-frame rearrangements (P = .006 by the Fisher exact test). A trend toward a higher probability of risk of relapse was observed in patients with only productive rearrangements (P = .08 by the log-rank test), compared with children in whom at least one nonproductive rearrangement was identified at presentation (Figure 5).
We assessed the VHDHJH gene usage profiles at presentation from 381 IgH sequences identified from 317 cases of B-lineage childhood ALL. This is the largest reported series of IgH sequences in childhood ALL and incorporates knowledge from the now complete map of the human IgH locus.
When VH gene usage is analyzed by position on the chromosome rather than simply by VH gene family, we observed a preferential usage of the DHJH-proximal VH segments including not only VH6-1 segment, the closest segment to the DHJH locus, but also other VH family segments near the DHJH locus, including VH1-2, VH1-3, VH2-5, VH3-7, VH3-9, VH3-11, VH3-13, and VH3-15 segments. The finding of position-dependent VH gene utilization supports the hypothesis that chromosomal order might in part regulate the VH sequences rearrangement.45 VH3 represents the largest gene family and was the most utilized family in children with B-lineage ALL, in keeping with the size of this VH family in the germ line.9,10 We observed a privileged usage of the VH6 segment, previously identified as a component of the quite restricted human fetal antibody repertoire.16,20 A privileged usage of VH6 has also been reported in immature B cells.30 Our observation is in line with previous reports from precursor B-ALL suggesting that ALL transformation arises at the early stage of B-cell development.30,32,34
The DH2 and DH7 segments were overrepresented and DH4 and DH5 segments underrepresented in childhood B-ALL compared with PBLs.11 A privileged usage of DH7 segments has been observed in both murine and human fetal cells (liver, spleen, and marrow B cells).16,19,46-48 However, in the present study we observed a lower frequency (4%) of utilization of DH7 in cases of ALL compared with those reported for use in nonmalignant B cells in fetal tissues by Sanz6 (14%) and by others (50%).16,48 We also observed that JH-distal DH segments were overrepresented. Therefore, it is unlikely that this can be explained by proximal locus regulation of the recombination machinery at the DHJH joining stage. In murine immature B-cell lines, a secondary DHJH rearrangement has been suggested by the finding that an initial DHJH rearrangement can be deleted and replaced by a more 5′ DH gene.49 Recent studies have shown that the specific recombination signal sequences (RSSs) and coding ends may play a role in the preferential joining of specific DH to JH genes,50-52 and the more closely an RSS resembles the consensus (CACAGTG-spacer-ACAAAAACC), the more often it is recombined in extrachromosomal substrates.53 Therefore, molecular mechanisms rather than location appear to govern the selection of DH gene segment during early B-cell development.
A characteristic JH gene usage pattern (JH4 > JH6 > JH5 > > JH3/2/1) has been reported for fetal, neonatal, childhood, and adult peripheral B-lymphocyte CDR3 regions.12,46,54 The usage of the JH genes in this study is in line with this order. It is likely that molecular mechanisms also govern the JH gene usage, with JH4 RSS more closely reassembling the consensus sequences followed by the RSSs of JH6, JH5, JH3, JH2, and JH1.12,54
In normal B cells, previous studies have demonstrated shorter CDR3 in preterm infants than in term infants and adults.55 In immature B cells, a recent study demonstrated that lack of expression of TdT was associated with the absence of shorter N sequences, which contributed to shorter CDR3 regions, especially at DHJH joining.56 TdT interacts with the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), particularly with the Ku proteins, suggesting that TdT expression may modulate gene segment recombination at the ligation step.57 Most cases of ALL presenting within the first 3 years of age have been suggested to arise from in utero transformation events by the finding of a high frequency (87.5%) of absence of N sequences at DHJH joining, similar to that found in human fetal life.31,33 This high frequency of absence of N sequences at DHJH joining was not observed in our study (data not shown). However, we observed that a short CDR3 was correlated with utilization of VH6 and DH7-27. This observation might be explained by developmental regulation of the recombination machinery with favored selection of JH-proximal VH and DH gene segments and by influence of TdT expression at an earlier stage of B-cell development.17,57
The overall incidence of cases with more than one IgH sequence in the present study was 19%. Although this is lower than in some reported studies (30% to 60%) using PCR fingerprinting or cloning strategies that may be better suited to find a minor subclone(s),44,58,59 our findings are in keeping with previous studies using Southern blot analysis.60-62 Some studies have shown an association between oligoclonality at presentation and poor prognosis in ALL patients.63,64 We did not observe an association between biclonality or oligoclonality and relapse or with any other clinical characteristic except for the presence of chromosome 9p deletion. The correlation between chromosome 9p deletion and more than one IgH sequence might be partly explained by the recent finding that illegitimate VDJ recombinations involved in chromosome 9p21 deletion in lymphoid leukemia are targeted at RSS-like sequences widely distributed in 9p21.65 Detailed sequence analysis showed that among the cases with more than one sequence, most sequences were unrelated with ongoing rearrangements found in only 15% of cases.
Similar to the findings previously reported for immature B cells,66 and in keeping with a previous study in ALL,33 only 21% of VH-JH rearrangements detected were potentially productive. Unlike normal B cells, this does not lead to loss of leukemic clone, demonstrating that ALL does not require signals mediated by Ig signaling for survival. Of note, a trend toward a higher probability of risk of relapse was found in patients with only productive rearrangements compared with children in whom at least one nonproductive rearrangement was identified at presentation. The reason potentially productive rearrangement would be relevant to clinical outcome is unclear. We did note an association between detection of more than one sequence and functional IgH rearrangement. Whether this relates to the stage of differentiation of the B cell at which malignant transformation occurs, or to lack of allelic exclusion by nonfunctional VDJ recombination, is currently unknown. In productive rearrangements we observed a privileged usage of VH4 segments. Of note, VH4-34 was found to be the third most overused VH segment (22 of 381, 5.8%) and the most frequently overrepresented VH4 family segment (22 of 60, 36.7%). The VH4-34 gene segment is located 500 kb upstream of the D gene locus and is markedly overrepresented in the normal B-cell repertoire.67 A biased usage of the VH4-34 segment in rearranged VH4 family genes has been reported in immature B cells.17 Increased usage of this gene segment also occurred in pathologic states including autoimmune disease and B-cell malignancies associated with autoimmune phenomena.68,69 The relevance of these findings to ALL is not clear, because ALL is not thought to be an antigen-driven process, although it is possible that this may be important in the subset of cases with potentially productive Ig gene rearrangements.
In summary, this study describes the VHDHJH gene utilization profile from 317 children with B-lineage ALL. A biased usage of VH6, and a shift from JH4 to JH6, was observed, similar to the patterns of immature B cells, in keeping with the widely held views that leukemic transformation occurs at the early stage of B-cell differentiation. The preferential usage of DHJH-proximal VH gene segments suggests that V to DJ recombination is somewhat dependent on physical location at the VH locus. However, DH and JH segment utilization is position independent and more likely governed by molecular mechanisms. Moreover, patients with only productive rearrangement demonstrated a trend toward an increased risk of relapse, suggesting that molecular pathophysiology might be relevant to clinical outcome.
The members of the DFCI/ALL consortium are: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; St Justine Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada; San Jorge Children's Hospital, San Truce, Puerto Rico; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Maine Children's Cancer Program, Scarborough, ME; Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval du CHUQ, Ste Foy, QC, Canada; and Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
We thank Peter Varney for help in the preparation of the manuscript and all members of the DFCI ALL Consortium for providing samples for this study.
- Reprints:
John G. Gribben, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney St, Boston, MA 02115; e-mail: john_gribben{at}dfci.harvard.edu.
Prepublished online as Blood First Edition Paper, March 9, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-11-3857.
Supported by grant P01 CA68484 from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH).
A complete list of the participating institutions of the DFCI/ALL Consortium are listed in the "Appendix."
The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. Therefore, and solely to indicate this fact, this article is hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. section 1734.
- Submitted November 17, 2003.
- Accepted February 18, 2004.
- Copyright © 2004 by The American Society of Hematology


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Heart Palpitations: A Message from Your Midlife Heart
There's no question that heart palpitations at menopause are related to changing hormones. However, my experience has been that in many midlife women, heart palpitations are primarily from increasing heart energy trying to get in and be embodied in a woman's life. At midlife our hearts and bodies often become increasingly sensitive to those things that don't serve us, including caffeine, refined carbohydrates, aspartame, alcohol, or monosodium glutamate, all of which may overstimulate our hearts. Your heart may also be telling you it's time to pay attention to your deepest desires or what your heart is longing to express.

subset: commoncrawl


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LIC ADO Admit Card 2015 along with exam pattern soon available to download it from its main portal www.licindia.in:
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Leonard Mason, president of Liberia's Cuttington College, visited County College of Morris on Sept. 27 to thank college president Edward J. Yaw and administrators instrumental in supplying critically needed textbooks. Mason told school officials of the plight of his college, explained how the books have been used, and discussed the current political situation in Liberia. Cuttington University College was founded in 1898 by the Episcopal Church an d has survived repeated hardships. In 1990, after seven years of civil war, the college was forced to close its doors and abandon more than 1,000 students from 15 African countries, Japan and the United States, Mason said.
When the civil war ended, Cuttington College renewed its commitment to quality higher education and reopened its doors in October 1998 with 124 freshmen and 15 teachers. Since then, enrollment has grown to 333 students and 35 teachers. However, many of its resources were destroyed, Mason said.
The plight of Cuttington College was brought to the attention of County College of Morris administrators last year by one of its graduates, Stephen Kaifa. Kaifa is currently a professor of business at the college.
"He made us aware of their unbelievable circumstances," Yaw said. "Resources were so scare that students were tearing out pages from the limited number of books there since they have no copying capabilities."
The college's work to help Cuttington College was a real team effort.
"A lot of people were involved," said Yaw.


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"Limited hospital appointment booking"
About: Devon Access and Referral Team (DART) Devon Access and Referral Team (DART) Exeter EX1 1PQ
Posted by Kate2000 (as ),
I have just waited over a week since seeing my doctor to get a letter through from DART (Devon access and referral team) to make the hospital appointment.
On ringing them they were very pleasant, however out of the 5 "local" hospitals, they can only do the booking for one of them. I now have to wait for them to send my details to one of the hospitals they can't book for and then wait again for hospital to send out a letter with a random appointment which I can't choose.
What is the point in this system?
Response from John Tovey, Business Manager, Devon Access & Referral Team 6 years ago
Dear Kate2000
Thank you for taking the time to send us your feedback as it is very helpful for us to be made aware of patient experiences so that we can work on improving our service.
I am sorry to hear that it took a week for you to receive your letter asking you to ring DART. There are sometimes things that your GP will want to check before deciding whether to refer you to hospital, but not knowing the circumstances I do not know if this was the reason in your case. It would have been your practice that sent you the letter, so if you feel it should have been dealt with more quickly then please do let us know which practice you are registered at and we will ensure that this is fed back to them on your behalf.
I am pleased to hear that you felt the DART staff were pleasant. However, I appreciate that what you really wanted was the opportunity to get an appointment straight away at the hospital of your choice. The vast majority of services that we offer can be booked directly by DART. However, there are still some services at local hospitals that we are unable to book centrally. We realise that this is not as convenient for patients and are working with the hospitals to get these services set up so that we can book them from DART.
If there is a delay in you receiving your appointment please do contact us on 01626 883888 and we will be happy to follow it up for you. Also, if the appointment you are offered is not convenient then please do use the contact number in the letter you receive to let them know, as you should be offered the chance to change it. Again, if you have any further problems please do contact us on the number mentioned above.
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text:
Son of murdered crime boss jailed in connection with gang brawl
The 27-year-old son of slain crime boss Kieran Keane has been jailed for his part in a dangerous gangland faceoff.
Joseph Keane, who was caged for the manslaughter of Darren Coughlan in 2007, pleaded guilty to violent disorder outside the Department of Social Protection offices on Limerick's Dominic Street on the 1th of April.
The violent thug's gang-boss father was abducted and murdered in 2003.
Kieran Keane
The feud was described in court as being "long running, murderous and notorious".
Detective David Bourke told the court that Keane, along with three others described only as Mr X, Y, and Z, confronted a man, called Mr A, in the foyer of the Department of Social Protection.
The brawl with Mr A, who is a member of a rival faction, spilled out into the street.
The court heard that Mr A and Mr X were the main instigators who began a vicious fist fight in the middle of Dominic Street while others formed a ring around them.
Mr A eventually fled and took refuge in the dole office.
A security officer locked the doors to protect members of the public and staff.
The court head that the fued had been dormant for some years, but tensions had been bubbling under the surface, reports Limerick's Live 95.
Detective Bourke accepted Keane was not one of the ringleaders.
Defence Counsel Pat Barriscale said, "he's tarred by the surname he carries."
Keane was jailed for three years with the final two suspended by Judge Tom O'Donnell who expressed concern at the level of aggression by both sides


text:
Christina Aguilera
October 13, 2010 by Post Team
Christina Aguilera, It is said that Rihanna and Christina Aguilera are aligned to perform on the X-factor over the next few months.
According to showbiz blogger Perez Hilton Rihanna will perform her new single "the only girl (worldwide)" the same day that Cheryl Cole will perform "Promise." It will be the second time by Rihanna on the show last year; she gave a well-received interpretation of "Russian Roulette".
Aguilera date has not been confirmed but he believes she will perform her new single "You Lost Me" which was postponed to the end of this month.
Katy Perry and Diana Vickers are the guest artists this weekend.
Please feel free to send if you have any questions regarding this post , you can contact on
Disclaimer: The views expressed on this site are that of the authors and not necessarily that of U.S.S.POST.


text:
Kobe Bryant is close to signing with Virtus Bologna if you believe the news coming out of Italy.
Last Friday, the team announced that a deal that would pay the Lakers star $3 million for 10 games it was "95 percent done". It's now Monday and while there still no official word of a completed deal, it doesn't mean the negotiating is over.
First off this morning is a press release by Virtus Bologna and Bryant's management team on the status of the negotiations to bring Bryant to Italy:
"Virtus Bologna and Kobe Bryant's management are working hard to finalize this important deal. Reaching an agreement so complex requires attention for both parties to any single deal. There is from both sides the full will to close positively the negotiation that has objective the arrival of Kobe Bryant in Italy, the economic interest of the 17 clubs in Serie A and a good return on image of the entire Italian basketball."
An hour later, Virtus Bologna issued another release, this one sounding more ominous:
"Virtus Pallacanestro Bologna use the occasion to thank (agent) Rob Pelinka and Kobe Bryant's management for their willingness, cooperation and professionalism in the negotiations.


text:
By Tarik El-Bashir
Wednesday, November 18, 2009
NEW YORK -- For one night, at least, Matt Bradley stole the spotlight from Alex Ovechkin.
Bradley got into a momentum-turning fight midway through the first period, then scored the go-ahead goal with 4 minutes 51 seconds remaining to lift the Washington Capitals to a 4-2 victory over the New York Rangers.
Ovechkin also tallied on Tuesday in his anticipated return from a six-game absence with an injury, but it was Bradley's clutch, Ovechkin-like goal that everyone was toasting in the visitors' dressing room at Madison Square Garden afterward.
"Bradley was our MVP of the night," said defenseman Brian Pothier, whose empty-net goal with 17 seconds left clinched the win. "His fight changed the momentum of the game and scores the goal that seals the deal for us. Every time he had the puck he was doing something with it. And when he didn't have it, he was hitting someone. He was great tonight."
Bradley's goal also bailed out Pothier, who was in the penalty box when Marian Gaborik scored his second goal of the game early in the third period to even the score, 2-2. That's how it remained until Bradley stole the puck from Rangers defenseman Wade Redden late in the period.
After the puck got around Redden, Bradley outraced Redden and his defensive partner, Matt Gilroy, into the Rangers' zone. Bradley did a good job of protecting the puck, waited until goaltender Henrik Lundqvist (22 saves) went down and then snapped the puck over his glove for the decisive score.
"He's got enough goals for the past couple of years," Bradley joked when asked about stealing the spotlight from Ovechkin. "I can have one, I guess."
Bradley provided the Capitals with an offensive boost on a night they needed one.
Although they got one Russian winger back, they lost another.
Alexander Semin was sent home to Arlington to see a doctor, according to Coach Bruce Boudreau, who acknowledged last week that Semin was playing through "some bumps and bruises."
One of the injuries is believed to be to his right wrist, which he hurt in Florida on Nov. 6. The winger was unleashing a shot when he was hit by Keith Ballard and has been wearing a tight wrap around it since. Semin played through the wrist injury while Ovechkin was sidelined and the wrist apparently did not improve.
With a depleted lineup that was missing Semin and Mike Knuble (broken finger), the night got off to a poor start for the Capitals, who fell behind, 1-0, just 86 seconds into the game after Gaborik fired a rebound past Semyon Varlamov (18 saves).
Midway through the period, Bradley got into a fight with Aaron Voros and suffered a nasty gash over his left eye. Bradley held his own, and his scrap seemed to spark the Capitals, who had been outplayed in the opening moments.
Then Ovechkin did his thing.
The winger blasted a one-timer from the point on the power play past Lundqvist at 15:06 to even the score and retake the NHL goal-scoring lead with his 15th of the season.
If the goal wasn't enough proof that Ovechkin was completely recovered from the strain near his left shoulder that had sidelined him since Nov. 1, the celebration should have been. Ovechkin dropped to one knee, kissed his left glove and immediately threw up his arm -- something he couldn't do 10 days ago.
"It's always nice when you get hurt and you come back and you score in the first period, on your first shot," Ovechkin said. "You feel pretty good about yourself."
Coach Bruce Boudreau added: "I think he was good for a first game. He can shoot the puck and had seven hits. He didn't exactly ease his way into the lineup."
Ovechkin was not credited with an assist on the Capitals' second goal, scored by Brooks Laich, but he had a hand in setting it up.
Laich gave the Capitals the lead late in the second period on the power play when he went to the net, then jammed a pass from Chris Clark between Lundqvist's pads for a 2-1 lead. Ovechkin had gotten the puck to Clark with a cross-ice pass.
The Capitals, however, couldn't stay out of the penalty box, and couldn't hold the lead, either. Pothier was whistled for high-sticking while killing off a penalty, and Gaborik struck for the second time, snapping a loose puck over Varlamov from a tight angle at 8:23 to knot the score, 2-2.
Then an unlikely hero made the play of the game.
"He was pretty good," Boudreau said of Bradley. "That's what he's got. He's got oodles of character."
Capitals notes: Boudreau became the fastest Capitals coach to 100 victories. . . . Quintin Laing suffered a broken jaw when he was struck by a Michal Rozsival shot in the third period and will be out weeks. He stayed in New York for observation, Boudreau said. . . . Goaltender José Theodore returned to Arlington to tend to family matters and missed the game, so the team recalled rookie Michal Neuvirth from the American Hockey League's Hershey Bears to back up Varlamov. Theodore is expected to return to practice on Wednesday, according to a team official.


text:
Untouchable: Power Corrupts
White Coat, Dark Heart
Season 1 Episode 1
Dr Swango is a talented, respected and handsome surgeon. So when nurses discover that patients seem to get sick or die unexpectedly when Dr Swango is on duty, they raise the alarm. But as investigators closes in, the doctor is always one step ahead.
- 44 min
- Premiered 07/09/2015


text:
Job vacancies
Details of job opportunities at Tonbridge and Malling Borough Council.
Current Vacancies
There are no vacancies at the main offices at present.
Leisure Centres
For vacancies at our Leisure Centres at Larkfield Leisure Centre, Tonbridge Pool, the Angel Centre, and Poult Wood Golf Course.
Apprenticeships - Information for employers
Employer: Kent County Council
For further details: www.kent.gov.uk/apprentice
Further Information
Please note that all disabled applicants who meet the essential criteria for these jobs (as given in the Person Specification) will be invited to interview.
If you would like more details of a vacancy, contact us through the links provided for each vacancy or email us at email@example.com
The Council's Senior Management Structure.
A brief summary of the Council's main Terms and Conditions of Employment.
If you are interested in looking for work in Local Government but the right job is not here, why not try:


text:
Most Helpful Guy
Nothing like a warm cup of whatever liquid to start the morning.11|00|0
Hahaha yess. Good comments by the way.
Nothing like a warm cup of whatever liquid to start the morning.
Have an opinion?
Yes, the size of the cup doesn't relate well with the size of the penis. It should be an espresso cup.
Yes there is a Ghost in the background
Standard penis mug, standard steam, standard pretty woman... no, I don't see anything out of the ordinary.
Why would she have a coffee cup with man's cold genitals on it?
Lol I love this type of humor
Wow that poor guy I'm glad I ain't near that small at all...
Yes. There's a tiny penis on the cup
Are you advertising these cups?
Sorry I disapprove
how can I miss the penis? saw it instantly.
ohhh.. i see something.. i dont want to say it out loud.. :D :D @NewUnicorn
It's too small to be noticed 😂😂😂 @cinderelli
it creeped me out..
Yep there's a tiny dick on the mug
Penis... filler
The cup has the pencil-drawn picture of a weird thing.
Help. There's a dick on my cup. And it's too small
I spot something tiny.
There's nothing like starting your day with a cup of rock hard dick!
Yeah, there's something on the cup
lol. Who could drink coffee with a penis on their cup?
To be fair, that could be the dick and balls of her husband who passed away. She wanted to honor what appears to be his emphasis of grooming, and incredibly photogenic balls.
That makes sense, but it's not very likely. I think a picture of his face would be more likely.
^ Dafuq?
That's what I said... Lol.
Unless his genitals were his most visually appealing feature, or his best feature overall (he could be a grower). In which case, this is more than appropriate.
You cannot undo this action. The opinion owner is going to be notified and earn 7 XPER points.


text:
This apartment bldg has a 14% cap rate that's based on actual numbers at 70% occupied. Huge upsides of about 25% and approx 17% cap @ full occupancy.
$2,550,000 plus broker fee
Source can fund, take title, and flip... or assign/ #package the deal for buyer.
Kindly email your interest to #email@example.com attn Dana.
Posted 08/16/12 -
Updated Aug 19, 2014


text:
Short notes difference between Cash basis and Accrual basis accounting method
Cash basis – It's an accounting system that recognizes therevenue when the cash is received. Similarly, it leads to recognize the expensewhen the cash is disbursed or spent. It does not match expense with the relatedrevenue during the same accounting period- unlike the accruals basis accountingmethod which matches expenses with revenues during the same accounting period.
Accrual basis- It's an accounting method that shows theaccumulation of revenues and expenses whose value has been incurred but forwhich no cash has been received or spent. Most businesses use this method,because it leads to match the expenses with the related revenues during thesame period and vice versa.
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Copyright © 2015 by CS NOTES HOME


text:
Stag Lane, Chorleywood,
Herts. WD3 5HR.
Tel: 01923 282095.
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Headteacher: Mrs Rebecca Roberts
Year 4 Parent Letters
Welcome to Year 4
The teacher in Year 4 is Mr Dwyer. The class will be taught on a Tuesday by Mrs Omelia, and Thursday afternoon by Mrs Farrelly. Mrs Thomas and Mrs Widdowson support us with our learning each day.
Year 4 is an exciting year where we cover a wide range of new topics throughout the curriculum.
We have engaging and practical lessons which help us enjoy learning, and often complete activities outside the classroom environment. This includes participating in the Rickmansworth Dance Festival, and attending our annual residential trip at Hudnall Park.
We continue learning independence skills that will allow us to continue to extend our understanding our passion for learning.
For full information on our Curriculum, as well as Workshop Presentations and Cracking Times Tables, please click here
To access letters sent out in the term, please click here.


text:
Bonnabel got a hit in all seven innings of its game against host Northlake Christian in the Mandeville/Covington baseball tournament's final day of play Saturday morning.
But every time the Bruins got on base, the Wolverines found a way to work out of the jam. That ability, coupled with some timely hitting and quality pitching from Peyton Plaisance, earned Northlake a 3-1 win.
Plaisance, a senior right-hander, kept the Bruins off balance with a series of curveballs and well-placed fastballs. He scattered eight hits, and recorded nine strikeouts. Plaisance (1-1) threw 99 pitches in a complete-game effort. The Wolverines made two errors behind their starter, but came up with big plays when needed.
"Being able to pitch to contact makes my job easier," Plaisance said.
"I have all the confidence that those guys (on defense) are going to make plays behind me."
Bonnabel (2-7) got its first batter on base when Plaisance hit Sidney Bermoudy, but Northlake catcher Ruston West picked him off second with two runners aboard. Plaisance picked off another baserunner in the third (also at second base), and West threw out another runner attempting to steal in the fifth.
Northlake (9-7) scored in the third inning when Logan Stevens doubled, moved to third on an errant pickoff play, and scored on West's RBI single to center. The Wolverines added two insurance runs in the fifth, when with two outs, Maverick Latour was hit by a pitch, stole second, and scored on a double by Diego Sanchez. Michael Morgan, who was pinch-running for Sanchez, scored on an RBI-single to left by Buddy Kyle and made the score 3-0.
Bonnabel plated its run in the top of the seventh when Kevin Alvarado reached on an error, and Brendan Burns singled. Eddy Cruz walked and Marcus Ball later had an infield single to score Alvarado.
"We really preach pitching and defense," Northlake coach Chad Catalano said. "Peyton came out and did a great job. They got a few hits here and there, but we eliminated the big inning."
Bonnabel starter Cruz (2-2) suffered the loss. He pitched through all six innings Northlake batted, and allowed nine hits.
"He's a sophomore and he's never started before," Bonnabel coach Mike Lachney said. "Last year, the coach used him only as a reliever. But he's done well for us so far. He has our only two wins."
West and Sanchez each had two hits to lead Northlake. Burns went 3-for-3, and Sonaj Franklin was 2-for-3 at the plate to lead Bonnabel.


text:
Doctor and nurse fucks patient
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doctor fucks patient after nurse film
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text:
Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
Wondering how hard terminating parental rights can be in CT.
My daughter is 5 years old and her father hasn't seen her since she was 1 year old. He stopped showing up for visitation and owes over 14,000 in child support over the years. My husband wants to adopt her we've been married 3 years and he is the ONLY father she's ever known. So it's her daddy to her.
Would this be grounds to terminate?
How hard would it be?
BIO dads name is on the birth certificate.
If it matters we were NEVER married.
He may willingly sign over his rights, but I just dont know if he will or not and if he doesn't i still want to go through with it.
Please advise me.
Below is information regarding termination of parental rights in Connecticut (for the complete list of factors, read through the booklet). You have a high burden of proving by clear and convincing evidence that the termination is in the child's best interests, and one of the following grounds for termination exists:
(1) The child has been abandoned by the parent in the sense that the parent has failed to maintain a
reasonable degree of interest, concern or responsibility as to the welfare of the child.
(2) The child has been denied, by reason of an act or acts of parental commission or omission,
including, but not limited to sexual molestation and exploitation, severe physical abuse or a pattern of
abuse, the care, guidance or control necessary for the child's physical, education, moral or emotional
well-being. Nonaccidental or inadequately explained serious physical injury to a child shall constitute
prima facie evidence of acts of parental commission or omission sufficient for the termination of
parental rights.
(3) There is no ongoing parent-child relationship, which is defined as the relationship that ordinarily
develops as a result of a parent's having met, on a continuing, day-to-day basis, the physical,
emotional, moral and educational needs of the child, and to allow further time for the establishment
or reestablishment of the parent-child relationship would be detrimental to the best interests of the
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text:
'87 Vintage Rem 700 Mountian rife .280
1 Attachment(s)
Ok gang, got a question, need a very quick answer.....
I need to peddle my late Pa's 700 I bought him for Xmas in '87., however, i just bought this:
and need quick cash to give the man before he has kittens.....
Give me ballpark what it's worth, and quick!!!
BTW, yea I can "drive" it, been a pilot since 1980..lol
You would probably do much better on this if you would send some pictures. So they can see it and see the condition it is in which I am sure it is fine! *THE RIFLE THAT IS!
Nice Plane by the way! I will be waiting for a ride!
$250 to $300 for bare rifle in good used shape
I'm stabbing at this but I would guess it would have a pretty good value depending on condition? In excellent condition I would think around $600 or possibly $700 for just the rifle? Those were really nice rifles and hard to find in that caliber. Basically it was a lighter BDL meant to compete with Winchester's Model 70 feather weight. You just have to find someone looking for that rifle.
Pictures please.
If you can send pics and it's in good condition I'd buy it for 375.
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Copyright ©2000 - 2017, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.


text:
vtmalloc is a fast memory allocator for multi-threaded applications and Tcl. It provides low contention and the ability to return memory to the system.
|Software Development Libraries
|Operating Systems
|Mac OS X POSIX Linux Solaris Unix
Release Notes: A very nasty lockup was detected. The speed has improved by about 3-5%.
Release Notes: Greatly improved speed and memory usage.
Release Notes: Improved performance and space usage using more advanced caching tricks.
No changes have been submitted for this release.
A Fluent OpenStack client API for Java.
A TWiki appliance that is easy to use and lightweight.


text:
Bærum, Akershus, Norway Genealogy
From FamilySearch Wiki
Revision as of 15:52, 9 September 2010 by AndersonLH (talk | contribs)
Norway > Akershus County > Bærum
Church Records
See Østre Bærum and Vestre Bærum
For earlier records see Asker
Census Records
Court Records
Land Records
Farm Books
The Family History Library has farm books: Bærum, en bygds historie
Local history and genealogies of the farmers in Østre and Vestre Bærum (Haslum and Tanum) parishes.
Histories of the farms and genealogical information on farm residents in Bærum (Vestre and Østre Bærum), Akershus co., Norway.
Contents: vol. 1. [gnr. 45-72] -- vol. 2. [gnr. 73-94] -- vol. 3. Lommedalen : [gnr. 95-118] -- vol. 4. Østre Bærum : g.nr. 1-11 fra Haslum til Høvik.
Farm Books on the Internet
There are five volumes.
Probate Records
1656-1901: Records are found in Aker judicial district.


text:
I'm a member of the NDP –
I'd like to say a few words to 'Our Leaders'
Many of us have a dream of what the NDP is supposed to be. In my view, the NDP stands for Economic Justice, Social Justice, and Environmental Justice.
I no longer have that dream about the NDP, because I've seen the reality. Continue reading


text:
A MAGNIFICENT seven wicket haul from Shane Brewer made sure Hook and Newnham Basics, won their final Southern League Division One game of the season, by four wickets at Andover.
Both sides went into the game, knowing if they lost and Fawley won they would be relegated, but the south Hampshire side lost at Hursley Park and so the result between Hook and Andover did not matter in the end.
Opening bowler Brewer (7-17) did not know this as he ripped through the home batting order, as they were slumped to 49-8.
Captain Mike Adams (20) and top scorer Daniel Foy (39) batting at number 10, made sure Andover had some score to defend as they were all out for 121.
Hook's reply got off to good start as Ben Thane (31) and Jordan Hobday (11) put on 47 for the first wicket.
Kieran Thomson (30) kept the innings going in the right direction, until three wicket fell for three run to leave the visitors on 107-6.
It was left to Ben Allnutt and Spencer Champ to make sure of the victory with 14 overs to spare.


text:
Comments from readers:
AS A LOYAL University of Georgia fan, I am so thankful we have a moral, Christian man like Mark Richt to lead our football team. The undisciplined, immature Isaiah Crowell's true colors finally came out. No matter his God-given talents, he will never wear the red and black again.
I THINK THOSE who whine the loudest and longest about rich people not paying their fair share of taxes come from the same bunch who collect welfare, food stamps, free phones, free Internet, free housing and free health care.
A RAVE TO THE CERN scientists as they appear to drop the Higgs boson on our heads. Good. As science progresses, religion regresses. It's only a matter of time before science tells us why there is something (time, space, matter, etc.) as opposed to nothing. Charles Darwin amazed us with his Origin of the Species in 1859. Albert Einstein amazed us from 1907-1915 with his theory of relativity. Watson and Crick amazed us with DNA in 1953. Those are examples of something that science gives us that religion can't and never will – knowledge!
IT WAS NICE SEEING John Barrow on Fort Gordon honoring our troops and celebrating the Fourth of July with them. It was great to shake the man's hand and wish him luck.
THE NEW SCRAP METAL laws will fill the landfills with metal, prevent some small scrappers from making a living and force some larger metal dealers to lay off people. If a stove is found on the side of the road, how in the world do you get a receipt?
ANYONE CAUGHT burglarizing homes in Colorado should be shot on sight.
ANYONE FEEDING POOR little alligators should be made to move from the neighborhood for putting their neighbors in danger. They should also be fined a good bit for the stupid activity.
CHILD PORNOGRAPHY IS the most hideous thing in the world. It harms the most innocent. Why not legalize drugs and go after the really bad people?
PAINE COLLEGE WON'T even pay enough for a good accountant to run the place. They think they can do it themselves. How wrong they are.
WHAT IS GOV. Nathan Deal thinking? Signing a law that reduces punishment for crimes. I voted for this man. Sheesh.


text:
LOS ANGELES SHOW: General Motors debuts Cavalier-replacing Cobalt - report
General Motors unveiled its 2005 Chevrolet Cobalt at the Los Angeles motor show - it's the latest new Chevy in a revamped line designed to boost the brand's sales to three million units, a level last reached in 1979, according to an Associated Press (AP) report.
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text:
Battlefield Heroes on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 has appeared on the EA press site. Pointed out by GOONLINE (their caps, not ours), the listing posits a June 2009 release date -- interesting considering the PC version of the game has been marred by delays. The site also pegs the PC version with a September release, a significantly more solid release date than EA has provided as of late.
At this point, however, we'd like to note that the game's developer, DICE, has stated before its lack of interest in console ports of the game, telling Videogamer.com a year ago, "We could port the engine and do it, I just don't know what we would gain from it. Everyone's who's [sic] got a 360 or PS3 also will have a PC that can run this game." We've reached out for comment from EA and will update you when we hear more.
Update: As expected, EA's Ben Cousins has shot the rumor down.


text:
Fwd: CrisisWatch No.39, 1 November 2006
Expand Messages
- International Crisis Group <notification@...> wrote:
From: "International Crisis Group" <notification@...>
Subject: CrisisWatch No.39, 1 November 2006
Date: Wed, 1 Nov 2006 17:54:20 +0100
CRISISWEBNEWS New CrisisWatch bulletin
New CrisisWatch bulletin from the International Crisis Group
CrisisWatch No.39, 1 November 2006Thirteen actual or potential conflict situations around the world deteriorated in October 2006, according to the new issue of CrisisWatch,* released today.Conflict threatened to engulf much of the Horn of Africa, as instability in Darfur continued to spill across Sudans borders and Somalias civil war risked escalating into a region-wide war involving rivals Ethiopia and Eritrea.Israeli incursions into Palestinian population centers intensified, while increasingly strained relations between Fatah and Hamas led to factional clashes in the Occupied Territories. Sectarian violence and insurgent attacks worsened again in Iraq, with U.S. forces sustaining their highest monthly death toll in two years. North Korea conducted its first nuclear test, raising fears of a new arms race in east Asia.An interim government appointed in the lead-up to January elections in Bangladesh was met with violent protests, while there were fears of an imminent coup in Fiji. A constitutional referendum in Serbia prompted accusations of massive irregularities by opposition groups and observers. The situation also deteriorated in the Central African Republic, Chad, the Philippines and Sri Lanka.Voting passed off mostly peacefully in the second round of the Democratic Republic of Congos presidential elections, but serious concerns remain about the potential for violence when results are released in mid-November.Two situations showed improvement in October. In Northern Ireland, three days of talks in St. Andrews resulted in a timetable for return to devolved power-sharing by March 2007. And the U.S. announced it would ease a 15-year arms embargo in Haiti, giving President Préval a vote of confidence. Kidnappings in the country declined this month and efforts to disarm gangs moved forward.For November 2006, CrisisWatch identifies Bangladesh, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Fiji and Somalia as Conflict Risk Alerts, or situations at particular risk of new or significantly escalated conflict in the coming month.OCTOBER 2006 TRENDSDeteriorated Situations
Bangladesh, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Ethiopia/Eritrea, Fiji, Iraq, Israel/Occupied Territories, North Korea, Philippines, Serbia, Somalia, Sri LankaImproved Situations
Haiti, Northern Ireland (UK)
Unchanged Situations
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Basque Country (Spain), Belarus, Bolivia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Burundi, Chechnya (Russia), China (internal), Colombia, Côte dIvoire, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ecuador, Egypt, Georgia, Guinea, India (non-Kashmir), Indonesia, Iran, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Liberia, Macedonia, Mali, Moldova, Montenegro, Myanmar/Burma, Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijan), Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, North Caucasus (non-Chechnya), Pakistan, Peru, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somaliland (Somalia), Sudan, Syria,
Taiwan Strait, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Western Sahara, ZimbabweNOVEMBER 2006 WATCHLISTConflict Risk Alerts
Bangladesh, Democratic Republic of Congo, Fiji, Somalia*NOTE: CrisisWatch indicators - up and down arrows, conflict risk alerts, and conflict resolution opportunities - are intended to reflect changes within countries or situations from month to month, not comparisons between countries. For example, no "conflict risk alert" is given for a country where violence has been occurring and is expected to continue in the coming month: such an indicator is given only where new or significantly escalated violence is feared.Search current and all past editions of CrisisWatch by using the CrisisWatch database.To subscribe to CrisisWatch click here.-------------------------------------You can help Crisis Group by telling your colleagues, friends, and family about us. Click here to go to our tell-a-colleague page.-------------------------------------To unsubscribe from this list, please click herehttp://PrisonMinistry.net/ckosuda, God bless you, all you love and all you touch with Peace, Prosperity, Perfect Health, Harmony, Humility and HappinessThomas
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If you have questions or comments regarding the data contained on this page, please feel free to contact us.
The above data covers worldwide transactions of UK resident holders of cards issued in the UK by all financial institutions affiliated with either Visa or MasterCard. The seasonally adjusted data (first graph) reveals the underlying trends and allow all months to be directly compared with each other. Source: British Bankers' Association


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I've never been high but I feel like this is what it would be like
Most Helpful Girl
Lol you needa get some sleep bro.
And um you probably feel that way because you get sluggish and sleepy etc.
When you get high it's kinda the same thing except everything's funny to you and you feel like you're spinning. OH. and you suddenly wanna empty your fridge of everything.
but um yeah sounds familiar? 😂 i guess 3 am is as close as you can get to being high without blazing.00|00|0
Most Helpful Guy
Lol Don't do drugs man it ruins your life and trust me it's no good for you stay in school and do your homework. I know from experience it may look cool to you since you're young but it really messes you up but if you do want to be an ignorant fool drink vodka or any strong drinks and get cross faded or else you're a pussy00|00|0
I'm not gonna do drugs or drink and stuff I don't even swear unlike every. Other 10th grader
Don't be self righteous asshole either man it's not good for your health


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It's a good thing we were stuck in horrible traffic and decided to go to the American girl store first prior to checking in. The front desk clerk said I have a room with a view if the pool when we checked in. My kids were so excited and raced upstairs to change their swim suits. Normally that is a great thing. However , when we got to the room and looked out the window , the pool was empty! And not from lack of people from it not having water! I wish this was put on the Marriott website!
I had stayed at this property a cople of years ago and I don't remember being charged for parking. There is a $10 charge for that. It's ridiculous if ou ask me being charged for parking at a courtyard!
The front desk staff was very friendly but we should have been advised the charge for parking when they gave us the parking pass and should have said the pool has been out of order. Also the free shuttle is in demand and the wait o use it or be picked up cold be a long wait!
Great location. We walked to miracle mile. There are tons of coffee shops and bakeries all around! And some great places to eat!!!
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Located in the heart of the Coral Gables Historic District, The Courtyard by Marriott Miami Coral Gables offers a unique setting for your next stay in Miami. Within walking distance from the Coral Gables financial business district, minutes from The University of Miami and surrounded by fine dining, shopping, exquisite entertainment and lavish life style, you're in the ideal location for both business and pleasure. While staying in Miami Florida, enjoy the new stylish guestrooms that offers the comfort, ambiance you've come to expect from the Oasis of the Courtyard . Planning your fantasy cruise has become easier by staying at the Courtyard Marriott Coral Gables Hotel which is located 7 miles from the Port of Miami. Our guests will enjoy complimentary shuttle service to and from the Miami International Airport which is known as the gateway to Latin America and The Caribbean. When searching for Miami hotels, you'll find the Courtyard Miami Coral Gables provides so much more than ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Expedia, Orbitz, Hotels.com, Marriott, Travelocity, Booking.com, Priceline, Hotwire, TripOnline SA, Cancelon, Cheap Tickets, HotelQuickly and Evoline ltd so you can book your Courtyard Miami Coral Gables reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Courtyard Miami Coral Gables Hotel Coral Gables
- Coral Gables Courtyard
- Coral Gables Marriott
- Courtyard Coral Gables


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Geneva Preview: Subaru Impreza XV Model to Get Rugged New Look
Subaru will use the 2010 Geneva Auto Show to debut a new Impreza XV model in Europe and judging from the car's description we think we've seen it before. In a brief press release Subaru describes the Impreza model as having many of the items featured on the U.S.-spec Impreza Outback Sport. What that means are special fender flates, roof rails, a roof spoiler and a new front grille. In Europe, the Impreza XV will come with either a 2.0-liter boxer 4-cylinder or Boxer Diesel.
At the Geneva show, Subaru will also show-off its Hybrid Tourer Concept, the Plug-in Stella electric car, as well as a selection of models equipped with the automaker's Boxer Diesel.
AutoGuide's live coverage of the 2010 Geneva Auto Show begins March 2nd.
Official release after the jump:
Exhibition Outline of the 80th Geneva International Motor Show
Tokyo, February 5, 2010 – Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. (FHI), the maker of Subaru automobiles, today announced that it will exhibit the "SUBARU HYBRID TOURER CONCEPT" as an European premiere and unveil the "Subaru Impreza XV" as a world premiere, which will be marketed this summer in Europe, at the 80th Geneva International Motor Show slated for March in Geneva, Switzerland (Press day: March 2 and 3; Open to the public from March 4 through 14).
It will also showcase the "Subaru Plug-in STELLA", a production electric vehicle launched in Japan last year, "BOXER DIESEL" models, and highlight Subaru's unique Horizontally-Opposed Boxer Engine technologies. With these exhibits and throughout the booth design, FHI will showcase Subaru's efforts to integrate enjoyable and reliable driving with environmentally friendly solutions. The press conference by President Ikuo Mori is scheduled at the Subaru booth on March 2, 2010 at 15.45h
Employing the Subaru's core technology of "Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD)" and "Horizontally-Opposed Boxer Engine", the "SUBARU HYBRID TOURER CONCEPT" reflects Subaru's vision of the future grand touring car. Presented with an eye-catching sculpted exterior design, the concept offers an ideal combination of Subaru's authentic driving performance, all-round safety features and environmental friendliness provided by its unique hybrid system.
The "Subaru Impreza XV", developed on the basis of the iconic Impreza 5-door model, offers a new crossover styling. Exclusively designed front grille and wheel arch, and specially equipped roof rails and a roof spoiler accentuate the uniqueness of this special Impreza version. The available 2.0-litre Horizontally-opposed petrol engine and the turbo BOXER DIESEL engine comply with European EURO 5 regulations for enhanced environmental friendliness.


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Rich in heritage and passion, the house of Caron was established in 1904 in Paris by Ernest Daltroff.
With a century-old history and true love to his colleague Félicie, Ernest created some of the most luxurious and memorable fragrances such as "N'Aimez que Moi" (1916) and "Pour Un Homme" (1934).
Behind the creation of every fragrance lies a fascinating story and their symbolic names often evoke particular events within the world of luxury.
The French label is now under the guidance of legendary perfumer Richard Fraysse, who carries on the legacy of unique haute parfumerie blends of exclusive floral extracts and exotic natural essences.
Endlessly imaginative, each Caron creation is designed to be unforgettable.


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Have Aussie Miracles been you hair savior? Tell us your story! Which of our Aussome products do you use? 3 Minute Miracle Treatment?Dry shampoo?Styling product?We'd love to hear your thoughts!
With Australian Ginseng extract and Pearl PowderWant hair that gleams, glistens and glows? Of course you do! That's why we've created this miraculous formula to wake up tired hair, leaving it vibrant and shiny.
Our unique formula, with extracts of Australian Ginseng and Pearl Powder, adds gloss to each hair strand. Australia has long been one of the biggest producers of pearls, so what they don't know about shine isn't worth knowing. And Down Under, Ginseng has been known for centuries as a nourishing stumilant to boost energy (but shh, it's an ancient native secret).
For dull hair that's begging to shine.
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Oh my gosh, I LOVE this product!!!My hair used to be rough and dry looking, I have been using this for a couple of weeks and I instantly saw results. My hair is shiny, smooth and smells amazing!!!! I've recommended it to my friends who have also bought it and noticed a difference.
Yes, I recommend this product
I used this for the first time yesterday and the results show already. My hair looks softer and really shiny! People have commented on the way it looks! Really impressed!!!! :)
Excellent Product. I would like to recommend it to others.


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Straight woman seeking straight guy. Let's have fun getting to know each other over coffee or a good cocktail. I'm hoping to find that special someone to share passion, laughs, and enjoying life together. Let's see if we have that flame for each other.
Are you pretty flexible about your partner's religion? I'm Jewish and open-minded about yours.
I hope you're an animal lover. That's something important to me.
If you are truly a caring person, are single or divorced, like to laugh a lot and be romantic I hope to hear from you soon.
Movies..Fifty First Dates, scared of scary movies.
TV Shows- The Good Wife, Blue Bloods, Parenthood
Music..Motown is my favorite and I'm pretty open-minded about just about anything but Country music.
Food- Mexican, peanuts on the floor steak places for great grilled chicken
Frozen Lime Margaritas
Good friends
Good mystery books
My dog Lucy
Dreams of that special guy
Oops. That's 7. Oh well...
How could life be even better?
What is a new way to have fun?


text: 3. As of noon trading, Grifols ( GRFS) is up $0.30 (1.0%) to $31.48 on light volume. Thus far, 47,172 shares of Grifols exchanged hands as compared to its average daily volume of 435,000 shares. The stock has ranged in price between $30.89-$31.70 after having opened the day at $31.16 as compared to the previous trading day's close of $31.18. Grifols, S.A., a specialty biopharmaceutical company, develops, manufactures, and distributes a range of plasma derivative products primarily in the European Union, Spain, the United States, and Canada. Grifols has a market cap of $10.8 billion and is part of the health care sector. Shares are up 21.1% year to date as of the close of trading on Tuesday. Currently there are 3 analysts that rate Grifols a buy, no analysts rate it a sell, and none rate it a hold. TheStreet Ratings rates Grifols as a hold. The company's strengths can be seen in multiple areas, such as its robust revenue growth, solid stock price performance and impressive record of earnings per share growth. However, as a counter to these strengths, we find that the company has favored debt over equity in the management of its balance sheet. Get the full Grifols Ratings Report now. 3x UPSIDE POTENTIAL: TheStreet Quant Ratings has identified a handful of stocks that can potentially TRIPLE in the next 12-months. Learn more.


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okay so newish to my work and a girl has been showing signs she likes me (subtle shy signs). I ask her to lunch and she says yeah but my bank card isn't working so when it is ill tell you and we'll go. After that she seemed more open and talkative, but its been pretty much 3 weeks and no lunch. so naturally i feel rejected so I've been loosing interest and withdrawing. since then she seems kind of bummed out and a bit more shy again so i have no idea what to think. she is definitely showing signs of interest and im not a guy that thinks every girl is into him, girls in the past who have asked me out even said they were giving signs like crazy that i was oblivious too. i just can't get over the fact that, who goes 3 weeks without a working bank card or cash to go on lunch, it has to be a cop out. She is exactly my type so i dont want to just brush this off if there is something there. so what do you think is going on? should i ask her out on a real date and see what she says?
Most Helpful Girl
She can't withdraw money from the bank? Seems a little fishy to me, so she might be putting it off just to stall.10|10|0
why would she stall though, any idea?
- Show AllShow Less
yeah i agree who doesn't have money for lunch after 3 weeks. im going to straight up tell her to have lunch with me and ill be paying so she can't use the bank card as an excuse and see what she says. at least ill know whether to move on or not
Lol that's a smart idea. Just say you want to treat her to lunch, and if another excuse pops up, move on to someone else!
Most Helpful Guy
I'd ask her to hang out after work or off day and grab something to eat. If she says no then it's cool, give her time. NoW STOP READING SIGNS IT DONT HELP!!! Just get know what he'll she want to do and move on from there. If you two like each other, get some communication going, start slow, and let it flow. This shy, subtle hints bullshit going get you thinking for years. She's not playing games yet but after a month.. she's playing games. Now let it be known what's up and take her out. You can pay and let me somewhere cheap.10|10|0
as obvious as your answer should have been it, it helped. thanks for your advice, i'm definitively going to take it


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Rictrude (Rictrudis, Richtrudis, Richrudis) (c.614-688) was abbess of Marchiennes Abbey, in Flanders. The main early source for her life is the Vita Rictrudis of Hucbald, commissioned by the abbey, and written in 907 by Hucbald.[1].
She was from a noble family in Gascony. She married Adalbald, later murdered. In Hucbald's account, this is shown deliberately as a model marriage[2].
Four of her five children were Clotsindis, her daughter and successor as abbess[3], Adalsindis[4], Eusebia and Maurantius.[5]
She is a Catholic saint, feast day 12 May. All four children are also saints.
- Jo Ann McNamara, John E. Halborg, E. Gordon Whatley (1992), Sainted Women of the Dark Ages, pp.195–219
- ↑ Karine Ugé, The Legend of Saint Rictrude, pp. 283-4, in John Gillingham, Anglo-Norman Studies 23: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2000 (2001)
- ↑ Philip Lyndon Reynolds, Marriage in the Western Church (2001), p. 411.
- ↑ Matthew Bunson, Stephen Bunson, Our Sunday Visitor's Encyclopedia of Saints (2003), p. 214.
- ↑ Bunson and Bunson, p. 34.
- ↑ http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0512.htm


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Visual Trends Guide
12 Trends That Will Define Visual Culture Over the Next 12 Months
Nowadays, photography trends evolve and die quickly. In 2016, according to Deloitte,
2.5 trillion photos
were shared and stored online, and 90% of them were taken with a smartphone.
We are part of a culture that documents everyday actions, experiences, portraits and small details (often automatically, and on the go). Our photos receive their minute of fame in news feeds — and are laid to rest, buriedunder tons of other attention-seeking posts.
With the new iPhone and Google's Pixel cameras, it appears 2016 will mark the final shift of photography to smartphones. How will technology and social media change photography in 2017? We have analyzed data from Depositphotos's search algorithms and collaborated with top designers and photographers in the industry to discover what's in demand. As a result, let's explore the significant trends that have emerged and trends that will continue to dominate visual communications in the coming year.
90s are back — for real
The children of the 90s have become a major target audience for brands and the use of social media has aided in helping them become brand ambassadors. This generation has started their families, launched businesses, created a culture of awareness and are educated; they are driving consumer demand and their purchasing power continues to increase. This means that 90s nostalgia will remain on trend in visual communications; it is another step towards more sincere, candid and close-to-life images. Polaroid-like snapshots, flash photos and a bold, colorful style will all emerge from this trend. Film filters associated with the 90s add a personal touch to photographs, delivering a storytelling effect that digital photos often lack.
Emotions and movement
When everyone is somewhat of a photographer, the demand for original, candid and authentic images continues to grow. Highly visual consumers don't react the same way to polished photos with posed models; they want emotions, flaws, the grit of life, and real people in action. Relatable photos that personalize a story and capture a moment (like a Snapchat story) continue to trend heavily, these visuals have the power to catch attention and keep the consumer engaged.
Samuel Carter Mensah
Designer at AKQA London/ NIKE
We create and like our content in a specific way for Snapchat, a different way for Instagram and a whole other way for Twitter. The nature of each platform allows our creativity to be triggered in various ways to make the best and most optimum use of them. It challenges us as creatives and it's an exciting time indeed.
Photographers document what a character sees when doing chores like getting kids ready for school, driving to work, buying groceries and choosing movies to watch. We crave photos of the imperfect, messy and hasty daily routine, images that relate to individuals in a mass market. The same is true for food, objects and interior images. Social media continues to trigger the demand for real-life, candid and editorial looking content in ads and media. At Depositphotos, the keyword "authentic" increased in search inquiries by almost three times during 2016.
Tyler Olson
Professional photographer, one of the top contributors at Depositphotos
People are still wanting well composed (or at least interestingly composed) images, but don't want the sterile stock photos that we have seen so often. The challenge is to capture real life looking images - images that don't appear set up. Captured in a way that appears natural and candid, yet has refinement enough to make the image interesting.
Connected world
We trust our smart devices with our health and security, we use our chatbots to read news and share our everyday moments through social media. We haven't reached singularity yet and content simply can't keep pace with rapid technological advancements. As a result, the market will continue to represent AI and VR with mystified and vague images that don't reflect how these technologies function and look but emulate ideas, activity and emotion.
Mart Biemans
Illustrator and Digital Artist
I think the development in this field will be insane as devices are interacting with each other more smoothly each year. It makes it more challenging, yet also more rewarding for designers and creatives.
The demand for "internet of things" images on Depositphotos has doubled in 2016, and will continue to rise.
[Still] challenging stereotypes
Despite many social initiatives and brand campaigns, we still notice a lack of diversity when it comes to commercial photography. A struggle with social stereotypes poses a question for visual communication, whether in brand imagery or other media sources.
Authentic photography showcases a reflection of the world we live in, with an accent on diversity through representations of different ethnicities, genders, cultures, ages, sexual orientations and appearances. Images of the unconventional, the different personalities in the workplace, leisure and exercise activities are in great demand in microstock and are trending with media.
How can stock photography help fight gender stereotypes?
To combat stereotyping challenges in the image marketplace we have curated a collection of photographs promoting equality, and eliminating presumptions about gender roles and professions. In our selection of images, women are represented in positions of power and in a wider selection of professions. The growing demand for female non-stereotypical imagery has clients and contributors alike helping to start a new movement.
See the collection
Video domination
According to
, by 2017 as much as 74% of all internet traffic will be video content.
This might be like stating the obvious, but when Facebook announces video as its top priority, we have no choice but to mention it. Video content is exploding into social media, corporate sites and brand advertising. According to Syndacast, by 2017 as much as 74% of all internet traffic will be video content. Bottom line, demand for original, high-res, candid stock footage will skyrocket.
360 degree, 4K and aerial video are some of the hottest trends this year, as a result of new gear that allows to shoot in these formats. GIFs are also popular with social media and news feeds as a perfect preview format for video content.
With the latest Elon Musk claims and NASA project successes, the Moon, Mars and the rest of the cosmos seems now closer than ever before. Images of galaxies and nebulae are trending in social media and commercial photography, illustrating the latest discoveries and showing the beauty of outer space. In the second half of 2016, we saw a spike of interest for "space" stock photos, with search inquiries increasing by 56%. Photos with stars have been turned into fabric patterns, backgrounds and even hair coloring trends.
Despite the limitations, astrophotography doesn't require much: a digital camera, a tripod and a bit of ambition. The results are truly fantastic and bring high hopes for future star travels.
Bold and bright still life
From taking a picture of your lunch, to using a photo of shoes as a metaphor for gender equality - the life of inanimate objects speaks for itself. People are always on the lookout for symbols and the cheeky playfulness of visual interpretation. Sometimes, the picture of everyday objects can tell a story better than an action shot. Through vivid colors and contrast, an eye-catching photo of an object makes quite the statement; photos of gadgets, food, accessories and utilities will turn into bright pop-art images.
Moody, minimalistic landscapes
A minimalist lifestyle is trending across the world and it is finding its expression in visual communications as well. Minimalistic photography has been in style for a couple of years; decorating popular blogs, brand images and moodboards.
This year will be all about landscapes. Imagine austere
Scandinavian panoramas
and mid-season monochrome scenery. This is what is trending now: deserted nature, unusual patterns, mist, rain and quiet stillness. The secret here should be on leaving a few elements in the shot and removing any other distractions as well as mastering minimalism through color manipulation.
Drone photography
Drone photography
has become a fundamental part of wedding planning and looks like it is going to seep into other photography categories as well. Drones bring limitless possibilities in playing with new angles and illuminating ordinary objects in a never before seen perspective. From impressive cityscapes and coastlines to new angles on architecture and travel pictures.
Antony Kitson
Digital Designer, Founder of OneTenEleven Media
Drones are becoming a mainstream tool for photography. I expect to see more photography from a drone's high altitude view throughout 2017. Photos taken from high in the sky are powerful and captivating; they offer unique aerial perspectives with a sense of adventure. The prices of drones are dropping and the quality and functionality rising — now, drones are more accessible than ever.
Simple patterns
Minimalistic patterns have great benefits, they are versatile and can be used for a wide range of purposes.The demand for background images is on the rise as they can help communicate a message in an artistic way and are customizable.
Like any other piece in visual content trends in background patterns are authentic, bold and unique. There is demand for photos that capture ordinary objects revealing patterns in nature, textiles or graphic design. On the other hand, there is a need for simple lines and bold color patterns that help to create clear interfaces for smartphones and devices.
Technology-driven Generation Z
The first digital era generation, they grew up in a multicultural world and are pragmatic and hard-working. These kids and teens are the target audience for countless marketing campaigns and brands; they are notorious for being big spenders.
Xavier Bourdil
Art director & illustrator
To me, technology is the new power tool. As with any of the tools we have, it could be used for better or for worse. We have to be vigilant that human beings are the main concern in this evolution, and not be overwhelmed by the infinite possibilities of technology. This is especially true with the young people that are born into a world that is already technology-driven.
Tough to capture but trending heavily are images of teenagers and youth that embody the essence of the technology-driven Generation Z. They can be described as open minded, socially conscious, social media savvy and are experts at multitasking on multiple devices simultaneously as they have never seen a world without them.
DIY stories
We admire entrepreneurs
and artists, adore personalized, handmade things and crowdfund audacious projects. While mass production and consumerism culture still dominates the world, small businesses and the do-it-yourself philosophy have won the hearts of millions.
Photography reflects this trend, with images of shop owners, artists at work and in pursuits of creative hobbies. Images that showcase the process of DIY creation and running a small business are in demand. We noticed that search inquiries for "patchwork" photos have increased by 98% and for
"entrepreneur" stock images
— by 124% during 2016.
Share Visual Trends 2017:
Image credits:
jacquesdurocher, peus, khorzhevska, iordani, Rawpixel, Haribol_108, DragonImages, leungchopan, carballo, tawanlubfah, fisher.photostudio, venge.mail.ua, viteethumb, anastasiafotoss, apolobay, kavramm, honzakrej, honeyway, oneinchpunch, PongMoji, Burdin, khongkitwiriyachan, vidumg, mahroch, 279photo.gmail.com, derepente, celiafot, kikovic, Photo_life, serge.krinitsa.gmail.com, ASphoto777, honzakrej, malinina1911_clashot, DGLimages, mavoimages, Zoff-photo, lufimorgan, natailelb, oneinchpunch
All images
available here
Depositphotos Stock Images


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Batalá Durham Can Stay Put in Central Park. Now, What to Do With the City's Noise Ordinance?
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Raleigh Mayoral Candidate Charles Francis Has the Democratic Party's Endorsement But Is Raking in GOP Bucks
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White Supremacists Think They Have a Friend in the White House. They're Not Wrong
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Demonstrators Toppled One of North Carolina's Confederate Monuments. Now the State Needs to Finish the Job.
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Crooked Creek Park Supporters Pack Wake Meeting; Proposal Still Faces Questions
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Attorney General Jeff Sessions Wants to Target Affirmative Action. How Will That Affect UNC?
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Before the Bulldozers Come, the N.C. Native Plant Society Tries to Rescue the Plants
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Wake Commissioners Approved $10.7 Million for Behavioral Health Care. The Actual Need: $366 Million.
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