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West Cedarbrook
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|Kramden of West Cedarbrook
די קראַמדען פון מערב סעדאַרבראָאָק
|Motto: "Torah Ummadah (תורה ומדע)" (English: Faith and Science)
|Anthem: God Bless West Cedarbrook
and and largest city.
|Official languages
|Galitzianer, Alsatiano
|Ethnic groups (2010)
|Ashkenazic Galitzianer: 65% Askenazic Alsatian: 35%
|Libertarian Democracy
|Issac Feld
|Vice President
|Paula Davidoff
|Senate President
|Avrom Almagor
|Secretary of External Affairs
|Vernon Kansky
|Secreatry of Internal Affairs
|Neal Shapiro
|Chariman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
|Thomas Ben-Asher
|Solicitor General, Civil Courts
|Label Olin
|Attorney General, Criminal Courts
|Elliot Arnstein
|Senate (Unicameral)
|Indepencence from Holy Empire of Luba, Holy Empire of Yerushalaim
|May 22,1877
|Victory in Constitutional War
|December 20, 1894
|2010 census
|Per capita
|GDP (nominal)
|Per capita
very high
|Zug (ז): 1 Zug = 100 Kandrants (WCZ)
|Date format
|Drives on the
|Calling code
|Internet TLD
The Kramden of West Cedarbrook, also known as West Cedarbrook, is a country situated in the continent of Conitia in Esquarium. The name Cedarbrook is a contraction of the proto-Galitzianer סעדאַר (Seedar, or Cedar - Shores) and בראָאָק (Bruk - Blessed), the name given to the landfall of the first Jewish tribal inhabitants of the land, under the leadership and guidance of the prophetess Ruth of the Sea.
- 1 Geography
- 2 Climate
- 3 Early History
- 4 Modern History
- 5 Demographics
- 6 Culture
- 7 Religion
- 8 Cuisine
- 9 Economy
- 9.1 Banking and Financial
- 9.2 Leading Industrial Firms
- 9.3 Transportation
- 9.4 Agriculture
- 9.5 Extractive Industries
- 9.6 Technology Profile, 2015
- 9.7 Trade
- 10 Communications
- 11 Holidays
- 12 Foreign Relations
- 13 Armed Forces
- 14 Politics
- 15 Cabinet
- 16 2012 Presidential Elections
- 17 2012 Senate Elections
- 18 2014 Elections
- 19 Senate Makeup After 2015 Civic Alliance Defections
- 20 Local Government
- 21 Legal System
- 22 Education
Coastal lowlands rising to plains for most of the country. The Northern Range west of Lawrenceville are the most prominent mountains, with Mount Krasnydang being the largest peak. In the southwest the Western Badlands are a series of broken hills, in the more arid region of ranching. The main rivers of West Cedarbrook are the Cedarbrook, Malawani, and Ebreo rivers. Much of the southern coast is nearly ice bound during the winter
Plains continue north of the border to the Cortoguays, providing the main land transportation corridors to the rest of Conitia
Major Cities:
Wrycova Steinhouse Port Yehoshua Ironton Charleroi Fort Joseph Edwardsville Lawrenceville Tsantz Port Charles
Buffeted by the Antarctic Current, most of coastal and eastern West Cedarbrook has a Coastal Subpolar Oceanic climate (Cfc), with mild summers and snowfall in winter. The Western Badlands and much of the Western coast have a Cold semi-arid climate (Bsk), with harsher hot summers and cold winters.
Early History
Tribal period: 900 BC - 705 AD
The Proto-Germanic speaking Jewish tribes of Levi, Dan, Benjamin and Simon were first noted as the inhabitants of the region, as early as 900 BC. Their presence has been attributed to migration from ancient Luziyca. The national legend relates the tale of those seafaring tribes being guided from Luziyca under the leadership of the prophetess Ruth of the Sea during a time of famine. As they populated the region, the indigenous Naciremans adopted Judaism, and were pushed west. Most commerce was localized, with the exception of copper mining and smelting in the North, and Dan tribal seagoing commerce. Contact with the outside world was limited. Tribal councils met annually to mediate civil issues and adjudicate major criminal issues. Warfare was infrequent and brief. The Levi tribe dominated the North, and eventually most of West Cedarbrook with the exception of the southern littoral. The tribe came into contention with Nacriemans in the Northern range, around Mount Krasnydang starting around 400 BC. As commerce grew after 200 BC major trading centers became more populated, mostly along the Cedarbrook River, and in the south at Ironton.
Most trade was localized, and consisted of bartering for food, livestock, cloth, and tools. Religious life centered around tribal temples, where services on holidays were conducted by the tribal Cohen Gadol (High Priest). Around 500 BC copper coinage was introduced by the Cohanim Gadolim of the tribes as a means of improving trade, and to allow easier payment of tithes and fines. The Great Council of Cohanim in 423 BC standardized coinage across West Cedarbrook.
An influx of Oelian merchants and minor nobility in the south in the early 600's AD influenced the development of Alsatiano as a separate and distinguishable language.
Cedarbrookese Kingdoms: 705 AD - 1498 AD
The need for more precise means of commerce, and maintenance of law and order caused Northern tribal councils to elect Kings at Zakopane in 705, followed by establishment of Kingdoms at Tsantz (749), Steinhouse (766), and Wrycova (785). Wrycova, situated at the confluence of The Cedarbrook and Dine Rivers dominated commerce by the end of the 800s. As it grew in power, Wrycova established the new cities of Edwardsville and Lawrenceville. A Nacireman raid on Zakopane in 819 caused the 25 Year War, marked by the victories of Harold II (The Great), Edward III, and Charles II of Wrycova. By 860, Wrycova had cleared all neighboring Kingdoms of the Naciremans, established a series of roads and a standing army for defense, and founded Wrycova Castle (821). The coastal tribes from Cape Yehoshua southward maintained suzerainty under local nobles well into the late 900's. Throughout the early period of kingdoms, nascient missionary activity was curtailed. West Cedarbrook's remote location, harsh climate, and militarism discouraged sporadic attempts at Christianization by foreign powers. An invasion of Ehrendali knights in support of church activity was decisively defeated in 894, at the Battle of the Frozen Lake, ushering in the demise of Christianity throughout Galitzianer lands. The commander of the Wrycoviak army at the battle, Alexander Krinsky has been revered ever since as a national hero. During the early 900's, secure from raids, commerce surged in the Galitzianer north. Samuel I of Wrycova dredged the Cedarbrook river as far as Nova Targ starting in 919, facilitating trade throughout his and neighboring realms, and allowing swift dispatch of forces to stem invasion and unrest.
In the South, Steinhouse predominated as the major Kingdom. Most of the South below the Ebreo River coalesced into a loose confederation of Baronates, the South having less pressure from foreign invasion. Early cities that were granted baronial charters included Charleroi (796), and Ironton (915).
During the rise of the Kingdoms, priestly domination of religion waned. The selection of Cohen Gadol was often corrupted by reigning monarchs, who sponsored a rabbinical version of Judaism, more attuned with local customs and royal laws. The last Council of Choanim Gadolim was held outside in 905, at Hantay. Subsequent to that central authority, yeshivot became more important in the major towns. In most cases, royal courts deferred to roshei yeshivot in judicial matters.
At this time the local Ashkenazic dialects coalesced into Early Galitzianer in the North, and Old Alsatiano in the South. The national legend "Der Spiel Fun Herschel" was written in 977, in Galitzianer, and the first Alsatiano translation appeared in 1003, in Charleroi Baronate. The Chumash was the first book printed in West Cedarbrook, by Chaim Ephriam of Steinhouse in 1339.
Literacy was generally limited to the Clergy at this time, except for the reading needed for prayers. Religious differences between the various Kingdoms and Baronates led to The Consensus of 1140, where the leading Rabbis of Wrycova, Steinhouse, Charleroi, and two elected by the Southern Barons established The Wrycova Central Shul as the center of religious authority and learning. Throughout the 1200s and 1300s Rabbis trained there, standardized prayer books and practices, and established the first system of elementary education in towns. By 1350, literacy and knowledge of history, military tactics, farming or sailing, and elementary mathematics was a requirement for young nobles.
During the 50 Years War (1211- 1263) much of the land in the Malawani Valley was despoiled as the forces of the Kings of Wrycova, Steinhouse, and Charleroi contended for treasure and tribute. Among the disputes brought to the fore were the predominance of Alsatiano in riverine baronates north of the Malawani, responsibility for maintenance of roadways and marketplaces in the same region, and an attempt by the royal houses of Wrycova and Steinhouse to place their candidate on the throne of Charleroi after the death of Mattisyahu II (The Bald) in 1221. Following the victory of Alsatiano forces in the Har Yarok campaign of 1260 - 1262, the three kingdoms and their client baronates concluded the Treaty of Habbakuk Aviv in 1263, advancing Alsataiano domains far to the north of Ironton on the coast, and Steinhouse and Charleroi inland. The line of demarcation stood as the Galitzianer-Alsatiano linguistic boundary until 1900.
Contact with the outside world increased throughout the 1300s and 1400s with better sailing and navigational technology, and with new markets for Cedarbrookese copper and grain. The first voyages to Daecon (1467) brought growth throughout The South, making Ironton the second largest city in the territory. The Agreement of 1479 between seafaring merchants, and the Kings of Charleroi and Steinouse made Ironton the first Free City in West Cedarbrook.
The age of Empires: 1498 - 1872
Yochanan Luba became the Baron of Edwardsville in 1488. Through bribery of city officials in the vicinity, and marriage to the daughter of The Baron of Lawrenceville he proclaimed Edwardsville a Kingdom in 1490. This was opposed by King Louis XXI Rosenfeld of Wrycova, but in 1497 Louis suddenly died, intestate, and without offspring. For one year factions representing the Rosenfelds and Halevys roamed Wrycova contending for their nominee for King. In August 1498, the Rosh Yeshiva of The Wrycova Central Shul decided that The Kingdom was falling into anarchy, and led a committee of nobles and scholars to petition Yochanan to assume the Crown of Wrycova. This he refused, unless his entry into the City would be acknowledged as Emperor. Without a credible rival, the committee acquiesced, and Yochanan was crowned Emperor of The Holy Empire of Luba on September 9, 1498. Wrycova maintained it's Kingdom under a Rosenfeld regent, in vassalage to Luba until 1732, when the kingship was inherited by Edward II Luba.
Part of the Southwest fell into vassalage to Nacireman Kings during the 1300s. Following a desecration of The Sabbath in April 1519, the Southwestern Barons marched against their Nacireman overlords under Edward Yerushalaimi. The war to free the Southwest continued for 6 years. Finally, on June 8, 1525 Yerushalaimi marched into Castle Naciere, the last Nacireman stronghold. The next day the Southwestern Barons proclaimed him Edward I of The Holy Empire of Yerushalaim. As Ironton and other major ports were incorporated into the Yerushalaimi Empire in the 1600's, the Emperor asserted naval supremacy over much of the Southern Ocean. At the request of settlers in South Nautasia, Yerushalaimi Emperor Fredrick I established a protectorate over the territory in 167x. Around 20,000 landless Alsatiano peasants migrated to the territory in the late 1600's and early 1700's. The protectorate ended in 1830, when Emperor Charles III recognized independence for South Nautasia and recalled the last governor.
Throughout this period power became more centralized in Luba. Taxes to support the emperor became onerous, and in the early 1800s foreign workers were imported into Luba as punishment for a tax boycott by the Galitzianer peasantry. This led to riots in 1856 and 1862, put down brutally by The Luba Army. Opposition to the Luba government and labor strife was surpressed, with many patriots seeking refuge in The Grand Duchy of Charleroi, and in Steinhouse, nominally under Yerushalaimi control. The Luban Emperor Louis VI clumsily attempted to divert public anger through appeals to orthodoxy and nationalism. His convening of the Grand Rabbinical Council of 1825, inviting leading rabbis and authorities from both empires, Conitia, and Western Esquarium was seen as subverting religious opposition by thwarting participation by Nacireman Karaite priests and by the reform. Similarly, the Luban inspired pan-Ashkenazic movement failed to gain credibility in the academy. During this time many in The South, both in The Yerushalaimi Empire and in lesser controlled Baronates and Free Cities agitated for a unified Cedarbrook. The Walmish Democratic Reformation was frequently discussed in these Baronates and cities after 1846, and that change was held as a model for a possible Levite Republic. The first Nationalist demand for a pan-Cedarbrookese State rang out in Charleroi, in the 1857 publication "Cry for A Free Nation", issued in Galitzianer and Alsatiano.
In the Yerushalaimi Empire, the extravagant spending of Louis VII forced the creation of an Imperial Cabinet, and Assembly of Delegates in 1857. This occurred when the Grand Duchy of Charleroi, the Free Cities of Ironton and Fort Joseph, and several baronates refused to renew loans to the imperial treasury after repeated delays of payment. The Imperial Cabinet consisted of all males in the immediate imperial family over 21, all of the emperor's brothers over 18, the Marquis of the Treasury, the Grand Duke of Charleroi, and all Ordinal Barons. The Assembly of Delegates consisted of 5 delegates appointed by the Grand Duke of Charleroi, 2 from the Free City of Ironton, 1 from the Free City of Fort Joseph, and one each from the 21 baronies. This parliament served in an advisory capacity only. Prolifigate spending continued under Louis VII, and in 1861 the Marquis of the Treasury reported to him that the imperial household and lands were officially in default to the subject entities, and leading merchants and bankers.
Power devolved rapidly in the Yerushalaimi Empire. In 1865, a plebiscite saw the defeat of universal suffrage for all males over 21 in Ironton, garnering only 43% of eligible voters. Put to the electorate again in 1870, it passed with 67%. The succession of Louis VII by Phillipe I in 1865 provided more sane fiscal policies at the Imperial court, but the throne never did relieve it's bankruptcy. Subsequently, in 1871, Ironton elected as Mayor Pierre Orly, and a Board of Selectmen majority from the Free City Republican Congress. In 1872, the Mayor ordered the flag of Ironton to replace the imperial banner on all public buildings, and all ships owned by Ironton merchants.
Modern History
War of Independence: 1872 - 1877
Demand for more representation by the farmers, ranchers and mariners of the Levite peoples in the far reaches of The Holy Empire of Luba and among the merchants and petty nobility of The Holy Empire of Yerushalayim increased with the Imperial Luba tax impositions of the 1840s, leading to demands for unification of all Levites under a Republic. This was encouraged by increasing literacy throughout the region, and exposure to liberal ideals from overseas. Revolts broke out in the Ironton Valley, leading to a proclamation for Independence from the two empires in March 1872 in the Free City of Ironton and surrounding baronies, under the banner of "The Josepine Coast". Proclamations in favor of an Independent Republic were drafted in Charleroi in May, followed by Steinhouse in June. Fighting in the Alsatiano southern regions continued sporadically in 1872 and 1873, with the Grand Duke of Charleroi abdicating in favor of the Republicans in November 1873, and culminating in the capture and holding of Steinhouse by Republican forces, and proclamation of Steinhouse as the provisional capital of "The Levite Republic" in November, 1874. Five weeks later, ruling over only a smattering of remote baronies, Yerushalaimi Emperor Phillipe I signed an agreement abdicating the throne and ending the Empire in exchange for the Levite Republic's assumption of the Empire's debts, and the Republic's purchase of remaining imperial property for 500,000 Gelt. Fighting in the northern reaches of the Levite Republic immediately broke out with Lubanese forces at the onset of the Republic, with the Lubanese objective the restoration of the Yerushalayimi crown under a puppet regent. Concurrent with the end of the Yerushalayimi Empire, Nacireman delegates and nobles assembled in Padan Aram proclaimed The State of Nacirema, recognized on September 9, 1874 by the Levite Republic.
Stationing of Lubanese forces in the main Galitzianer city of Wrycova and surpression of worker meetings, and imposition of martial law in August 1875 led to frequent riots, and Levite Republican forces waged war in the vicinity of Wrycova, Edwardsville, and Lawrenceville throughout 1875 and 1876. They were joined by the Galitzianer Militia, led by General Robert M. Levy, who took control of territory south and west of Wrycova.
A decisive victory after the siege of Wrycova by Republican forces in March, 1877 led to negotiations with Luba, and recognition of Independence west of the Cedarbrook River on May 22, 1877, celebrated as Kramden Day.
Development to 1892
Further fighting by the local Levites wishing to join the Republic continued with the covert help of the Kramden east of the Cedarbrook River. The Peace of Golden City in 1880 confirmed the cession of all Levite lands in the Cedarbrook Valley, including the Port of Yehoshua, and the littoral to Cape Yehoshua. The Luba Empire ceased to exist in 1881. Many monarchies expressed displeasure with the establishment of the republican Kramden, but the remoteness and inhospitable climate made foreign interference in Cedarbrookese affairs impossible in the 1870s and 1880s. {Note: West Cedarbrook considers The Greene Rocks, a group of 12 uninhabitable outcroppings 550 mi. SSE of Port Yehoshua as an Unincorporated Territory. The last Luba monarch, Alexander III did not relinquish the dynasty's claim to the rocks upon dissolving the Empire in 1881. The Luba family to this day claims The Greene Rocks as The Kingdom of East Cedarbrook, unrecognized by any nation. The current "heir to the throne" is James III Luba, employed as a Software Consultant in Fort Joseph.}
The period witnessed political and financial instability, caused by frequent changes in the Prime Ministry under inflexible apportionment of the 51 Senate seats, with 25 assigned to Galitzianer districts, 25 to Alsatiano districts, and one permanently assigned to Charleroi. The cession of lands east of the Cedarbrook gave the nation a Galitzianer majority, which felt more underserved in the existing Senate electorial arrangement. Party structure was negligible, and General Robert Levy had to return to the office as Prime Minister for four months in 1884 following the contentious Senate election of 1882. His interim administration, followed by the close watch over Senate activities by the Army, permitted some stability in the mid-1880s. At the time there was little integration of the Orthodox Galitzianer north and the Reform Alsatiano south.
A Constitutional Convention convened in 1887 presented results in July, 1889, and a plebiscite in 1891 adopted the Kramden Constitituion, providing for a change from parliamentary to presidential system, free education to age 15, and asserting the separation of religion from state. The franchise was established for all male citizens above the age of 21. The Senate was expanded to 693 districts apportioned on the basis of population, and Senate elections moved to two year terms from five year terms. It also separated the Judiciary into Civil and Criminal courts, and forbade cross membership in the bars of the respective judiciaries. Senator Charles Rosoff of Far Centerburg was elected as the first President of the Kramden in the 1892 election.
The Constitutional War
Adoption of the Constitution was bitterly opposed by external forces objecting to secularization of the Republic. Primary among those was the Lutheran Catholic Church, refusing to concede Cedarbrookese secular sovereignty. The Cortoguayan government of Catholic President Cristóbal Escadón was also strongly opposed to the convention, regarding it as a sham and as a force for illegal land reform (which would disadvantage Cortoguayan companies operating in Cedarbrook) as well as anti-clericalism. In addition to this, the B'nai Maariv orthodox rabbinate, imported through intermarriage of the Luba emperors with Lecistani nobles, sabotaged the constitution, hoping for a foreign intervention that would lead to the restoration of the Luba empire.
Following some international incident and increasing aggression from Cortoguay, the invasion of West Cedarbrook by several armies commenced in April, 1893 following enforcement of bans on religions refusing to affirm aleigence to West Cedarbrook by the Senate and President Rosoff. An invasion of the south was dispensed with by the end of 1893. Fighting continued throughout the Wrycova region in 1893 and 1894. The Cortoguayan enemy, though highly trained and modernized, was plagued with low morale and further suffered from the lack of a united command structure. Because of this, it was decisively defeated at the Battle of Chemish from August 21-25, 1894, which became known as the Miracle of Chemish. This was ollowed by negotiated withdrawal by enemy forces completing December 20, 1894, now celebrated as Victory Day. In the aftermath of the war several Protestant churches merged to form the Church of West Cedarbrook, finding acceptance with the general public. Bitterness lingered against not only against the Republic of Cortoguay (with whom relations would not improve until 1943) but also the Lutheran Catholic Church, and its activities were prohibited until an agreement with the Church in 1980, where the secular authority of the Kramden was recognized by the church.
Industrialization, populism, and growth
Completion of the West Cedarbrook Central line to Port Yehoshua, and port reconstruction and expansion in the 1890s led to rapid growth following the end of The Constitutional War. Steel and Chemical production increased 12 fold from 1890 to 1900. The growth also led to widespread urbanization and unrest, and, in 1897 the election of William Potofsky of the Popular Democratic Party who rapidly funded educational expansion, agricultural loans, and established the tradition of non-interference in strikes. This also unleashed high inflation, and a reaction in the 1902 Presidential Election swept the Conservative Party back into power, under Thomas Simon.
President Simon and the Conservative majority in the Senate stabilized inflation through agreement with major banks, and establishment of the West Cedarbrook Central Bank in 1905. Industry continued recovery from the inflation of the 1890's, and industrial employment overtook agriculture as the primary Cedarbrookese source of income by 1906. During this period President Simon laid the groundwork for Cedarbrookese foreign policy, sending missions abroad to open doors throughout Eastern Esquarium for the Kramden's heavy machinery, basic metal products, chemicals, and copper.
Simon was re-elected in 1907, but died suddenly of a stroke on February 3, 1910, succeeded by Vice President Solomon Neches. Although the anti-inflationary policies of the Conservatives provided continued record profits, the rapid industrialization and low wages, and shortages of farm labor led to unrest in Wrycova, Port Yehoshua, Steinhouse and Ironton, and throughout the North. Neches won re-election over split Liberal and Socialist opposition in 1912 but the unrest continued, with some mayors refusing to enforce judgements against strikers.
A stock market crash due to a bubble in electrical and mechanical equipment equities led to a depression in 1915. President Neches' policy of balancing the budget through cuts in operating expenses and capital spending were largely decried in public opinion. In the 1916 Senate elections, the Liberals and Socialists won a majority of seats.
The deepening depression in 1917, and strong isolationism during the depression contributed to the defeat of President Neches by Liberal Joseph Kornfeld.
Control of the Senate returned to the Conservatives in 1920. In 1922 Kornfeld was defeated for re-election by Conservative Abraham Murville. The Murville administration expanded trade and diplomatic activity greatly, opening embassies in Western Esquarium. In 1929 Murville embarked on the first State visit overseas, going to Cortoguay, and Sardeed.
Radio broadcasting initiated on January 2, 1921, at station 9VEK in Wrycova. Also in 1921 Port Yehoshua hosted the Esquarian Exposition.
In 1925 the franchise was extended to women.
Automobile registration grew in the first quarter of the 20th Century. The Simon administration sought to use the new mode of transportation to spur industrialization and allow better movement of products throughout the Kramden. In 1905, the Grand Army of the Kramden Way, a major thoroughfare in Wrycova was extended and paved to Nova Targ, marking the first intercity road in West Cedarbrook. It was extended to Edwardsville in 1907, and eventually to Port Yehoshua in 1908. The first era of road building continued with the opening of these major roads:
* The Coastal Main Highway (Port Yehoshua-Holn), 1906 * The Great Southwestern Way (Wrycova-Steinhouse-Charleroi), 1908 * The Frontier Route (Wrycova-Zakopane-Nacirema Border), 1908 * The Steinhouse-Coastal Road (Steinhouse-Port Charles), 1909 * The Southern Road (Steinhouse-Ironton), 1911 * The Diagonal Highway (Ironton-Holon-Charleroi), 1915
Although the 1915 depression impinged upon local road building, the Western Road, linking Edwardsville, Lawrenceville, and Wrycova opened in 1917, and the Arnstein Highway connecting Creve Coeur to Holon and Fairmount was completed in 1919, with most of the labor being underwritten as a relief effort. The first limited access freeway section opened in 1930, part of the Grand Army of the Kramden Way, linking downtown Wrycova with Tsantz, with the section through the Cedarbrook Valley opening to Port Yehoshua in 1933.
Crisis in the 1930s and 1940s
The worldwide depression impacted West Cedarbrook, leading to high unemployment and bank and farm failure. President Murville's death in an automobile accident on July 9, 1931 brought incompetent Vice President Romek Agronsky into the presidency. The GNP as % of 1920 fell until 1933, then rose as follows during the depression and the recovery:
1930: 135% 1931: 120% 1932: 71% 1933: 54% 1934: 59% 1935: 66% 1936: 87% 1937: 94% 1938: 85% 1939: 99%
Blame for the depression fell to the ruling Conservative Party, and Liberal Alan Shulman was elected in 1932, starting years of decline for the Conservatives. The Shulman administration eased farm credit, lobbied the Central Bank for easier credit terms for savings banks, and enacted generally ineffective welfare policies. A 44 hour week was enacted in 1935, and child labor laws were enforced. Public health clinics were established in 1936 to assist in well baby services, and provide lower cost remedies for common ailments. While the measures were popular across Cedarbrookese society, they were generally ineffective in stimulating economic growth
Reaction against the Shulman reforms among certain industrialists, bankers, religious figures, and military officers crystalized in the form of an attempted coup on the part of the "Front for National Salvation", a group of senior officers, on the evening of July 15, 1935. Allegedly backed by foreign operatives, the abortive coup was thwarted by Air Force Intelligence, who alerted loyal officers at the Giesmarkt Barracks in west Wrycova, who issued orders for the arrest of the plotters. The Army General Staff was subsequently purged of fascist-leaning officers in 1935 and early 1936.
In the wake of foreign rearmament, and in light of threats in the Southern Ocean by Cortoguay, the 1936 Naval Bill provided for expansion of the fleet by adding two battleships, and funding three aircraft carriers, along with protective and supporting vessels. Also in 1936, overseas broadcasts for Radio West Cedarbrook commenced in response to totalitarian propaganda from abroad. Subsidies for crucial industries kick-started an economic recovery that year. In the 1936 Senate elections the Liberals retained a small plurality over the Socialists, with the Conservatives dropping to a low of 56 seats.The 1937 election centered around the pace of recovery, and foreign threats to democracy. Socialist Candidate Lt. General Phillip Silverstein was elected over Shulman, with 11% going to Conservative Marcel Amos. Silverstein accelerated the pace of rearmament. The following year saw increasing harassment of Cedarbrookese shipping in the Lazarene Sea by Cortoguayan vessels. Foreign affairs played a role in the September, 1938 Senate elections, where pro-ally Socialists and Liberals again won an overwhelming majority, leaving the more pro-Cortoguayan Conservatives with 59 seats. In late 1938, the Ezra B was impounded with it's cargo of machine tools bound for X by the Cortoguayan Navy. This was followed by the seizure of the oil tanker Altalena, just outside Y waters. On January 5, 1939, the Cortoguayan Navy sunk the oil tanker Ugazzo, after ordering the crew off the ship. This precipitated Silverstein breaking relations with Cortoguay on January 12th, and requesting a declaration of war. On January 17th, West Cedarbrook entered the War of the Confederation, and by late 1940 had driven the Cortoguayan Navy into port.
In 1942 the Socialist, Liberal, and Conservative parties, in response to the war put forth a National Union government, reelecting Silverstein. The overseas threat diminished steadily following the collapse of Cortoguay, and in 1946 a weary West Cedarbrook turned out the Socialists, electing a Liberal plurality to the Senate. Returning to partisan politics in 1947, Liberal Ronald Ariel was elected, starting the return of the nation to a civilian economy.
English grew in popularity during the first half of the 20th century, becoming important for international commerce and scientific discussion. It also was seen as a common language, which would help break down ethnic differences between Galitzianers and Alsatianos. In 1945, English was adopted as the official language. Education in both Galitzianer and Alsatiano continued at the elementary school level, with both being used commonly at home.
Mid-century growth
Privatization of most industrial enterprises was initiated under President Ariel, and continued under successor Conservative Elliot Naftali (1952-1962), and his successor, Conservative Uriel Dreyfuss (1962-1967). By 1955 the Wrycova Stock Exchange Dornstein Index reached the 1930 high. Television broadcasting started in 1947 in Wrycova and Steinhouse, and by 1952 the nation was linked by two major networks, the Cedarbrook Broadcasting System (CBS) and West Cedarbrook One (WC1). Broadcasting continued exclusively in black and white until an agreement among major broadcasters regarding standardization of color reception technology in 1960 allowed the introduction of color television.
The early 1950s saw territorial expansion westward, with the accession of Nacirema to the Kramden. Fiscal mismanagement and repeated military coups in Nacirema, along with the famine of 1948-1949 caused by a drought brought that nation to bankruptcy. Discussions were initiated by Nacireman President Hadad Begum and the Ariel administration in 1951, leading to a formal request for accession by Nacirema in 1954. Voters in West Cedarbrook accepted the proposal in a referendum that year by 54% to 46%. The accession was formalized on June 6, 1955. Nacireman territory became a part of Southern and Northwestern states. The National Council of Nacirema continued to be represented in the Senate until the 1962 election, at which time the remnants of the party merged with the Liberals.
The 1952 Presidential win by the Conservatives marked a shift in foreign policy toward a strong anti-Communist orientation. Although West Cedarbrook maintained relations with neighboring socialist countries, the overall goal was containment and roll back of syndicalism in Conitia. The pace of military technology accelerated in this period, with plans for development of a thermonuclear weapon starting in 1953. This was put on hold in 1961. West Cedarbrook saw the launch of the first satellite, Cochov-1 in 1961. The nation orbited it's first astronaut, Slim Leiberman in 1963. Support of East Cortoguay in the First Cortoguay War led to further deterioration of relations with Syndicalist West Cortoguay, culminating in a series of confrontations between Cedarbrookese and West Cortoguayan aircraft in September, 1960. Although war was averted at the time, relations with communist West Cortoguay remain tense.
A regional bank failure in 1965 brought additional financial regulation, but tight money in 1965-66 increased unemployment, and caused a Liberal victory in the Presidential race of 1967 for Lawrence Goldstein. Goldstein won in a landslide, carrying all states and municipalities.
Liberalism and regret
The Goldstein Administration reduced the work week to 40 hours, subsidized higher education under a number of bills, and raised the maximum marginal income tax rate to 74% within three years. The impact on the economy was softened by an easy money policy which saw inflation rise above 6% in 1972, and kept unemployment under 4% steadily. Based on wide popular appeal, Goldstein cruised to re-election in 1972, bringing in an absolute Senate majority for the Liberals.
A series of scandals involving theft of documents by West Cortoguayan military intelligence in 1976, and restrictive monetary policies by the Central Bank in 1975 and 1976 caused the defeat of the Liberals in 1977, returning the Conservatives to power under Daniel Wallin, with running mate Bryan Bernstein. President Wallin increased the budget for a neglected military, staffed up Intelligence operations, and privatized many utilities and factories. Inflation reduced to under 3% after 1982, remaining there under Wallin and his Conservative successor, Bryan Bernstein (1987-1992). It was also in 1982 that the Wallin administration became aware of the genocidal policies underway in Ziegenhain, and began covert rescue operations. These were continued under his successor.
The Bernstein administration was viewed by many to be an extension of Wallin's presidency, but as inflation ticked upward in the early 1990's, Bernstein was beset by increasing budget shortfalls. Observers took this as a sign of Bernstein's effectiveness, and his popularity plummeted after the 1990 Senate elections. Both opposition Liberals and Socialists in the Senate mercilessly attacked his policies, and much of the press joined in the dogpile.
Liberals resumed power under Nelson Leibowitz in 1992, during a period of flat growth and inflation (stagflation) in the early 90s. Leibowitz promptly resumed spending on social engineering projects, and opened closer relations with the more liberal nations in the Southern Central Ocean region. A massive loss by the Liberals in the Senate elections of 1994, and in 1996 to the Conservatives, prompted by reaction to tax increases and social engineering made it hard for him to continue his domestic agenda. This also swept the Socialist Party out of the Senate, and the Socialists didn't field a presidential candidate in 1997. The Socialists have not since reappeared on the political scene.
Leibowitz was crushed for re-election in 1997 by Conservative Gerald Markowitz.
As Liberal losses continued in the 1998 and 2000 Senate elections, the rump party merged with the growing Libertarian Party in 2001, forming the left wing of that party, favored by labor. Now with labor backing, Libertarian Louis B. Steinberg defeated Markowitz in 2002. The Libertarians terminated many of the sweetheart deals for major banks and manufacturers, and much of the capital found better investment opportunities in the Software and Services sector than in favored older industries. Steinberg was reelected over Conservative Robert Goldman in 2007. Steinberg also continued his predecessor's policy of promoting democracy in the South Central, and maintained military spending at the same level as Markowitz.
The banking crisis of 2010 initially had little impact on West Cedarbrook, but several bank failures and consequent credit shortages and high unemployment in the early 2010s ushered in the election of Issac Feld in 2012. Since then, economic growth has remained sluggish in West Cedarbrook, picking up in late 2014. Unemployment had continued moving downward since late 2013. The worldwide financial crisis hit West Cedarbrook in September, 2015, sending stock and commodity markets tumbling. The West Cedarbrook Central Bank dropped the prime interest rate in an effort to head off recession. The national treasury furloughed 4% of non-defense employees in an effort to maintain budget balance, a move echoed in several state governments.
Ethnic Background
The population is almost entirely Ashkenazic Jewish: Estimates by ethnic background (primary local language) 2010
- Galitzianer (65%)
- Alsatiano (35%)
Ethnic minorities have traditionally been rapidly absorbed into mainstream Cedarbrookese society. The Sephardic Naciremans were the largest group, following the accession of Nacirema into West Cedarbrook in 1955, and were dropped as a separate ethnicity by the 2000 census. An estimated 6% of Cedarbrookese have Nacireman ancestry, mostly in the far west. Immigration has traditionally been at a low level, due to the remote location of West Cedarbrook and forbidding climate. West Cedarbrook has been a refuge for Jews persecuted overseas. In 1668, Jewish refugees from Nevanmaa were granted settlement permission in three townships now in North Central State by Luba Emperor Louis IV, known as the Nevsky Townships. An estimated 50,000 Cedarbrookese claim ancestry from those settlers. The 1980's and 1990's saw an influx of German speaking refugees from Teutonia.
Port Yehoshua is West Cedarbrook's most cosmopolitan city, with ethnic enclaves from the tropics and western hemisphere on the near west side.
Regional languages
Galitzianer in the north and west, and Alsatiano in the south and east are commonly spoken, and are taught at the Elementary School level. These are Germanic languages, of the Ashkenazic family. Galitizianer is more closely related to High German, with some Slavic influences, while Alsatiano has many French influences. Both are written in Hebrew script and have incorporated many Hebrew words and phrases.
Other significant languages belonging to ethnic communities are Old Nevan in the Nevsky Townships of North Central State, Panjabi among Sikhs and Hindus, and Nacireman in western South State and parts of the Northwest State panhandle.
English is the lingua franca of West Cedarbrook.
Population by Type of Residential Location
- Urban {Metropolitan Areas > 100,000} 70%
- Small Town (Villages and Cities < 100,000) 20%
- Rural (Townships) 10%
Major Sports by Viewership:
- College Football
- Professional Football
- Drag Racing
- Baseball
- Stock Car Racing
- Basketball
- Hockey
Soccer, known elsewhere as football, is played through the collegiate level. Attempts have been made at promoting professional leagues, collapsing in 1935, 1959, 1969, and 1973. The current North Cedarbrook Professional Soccer League was founded in 2005, and hosts two conferences, with 7 teams each. The best collegiate players are usually drafted into the better paying professional leagues elsewhere in Conitia.
College Football National Championship, since 2010
- 2016:
- Oiho State Bookeyes 23, Northwest State Lancers 10
- 2015:
- North Union Pioneers 42, Sabin Medical and General Tigers 10
- 2014:
- Michelson Tech Golden Flashes 27, Steinhouse Municipal Rangers 14
- 2013:
- Michelson Tech Golden Flashes 31, Salk Univeristy Doctors 3
- 2012:
- Wrycova Municipal Giants 45, South Union College Farmers 13
- 2011
- Wrycova Municipal Giants 35, Rickover Naval Sailors 33
- 2010
- North Union Pioneers 14, Wrycova Municipal Giants 10
Beer is the most popular alcoholic beverage in West Cedarbrook. It is drunk at home or in bars, and is very popular during sporting events. Hard liquor is usually served at formal occasions and business meetings. Wine is most often used during religious holidays and family dinners.
Annual Consumption per Capita: 15 Pints
Leading Brewers, Retail Market Share, 2016:
- Circle DeVille Brewery IE - 22%
- Fort Joseph Enterprises - 15%
- Old Cedarbrook Ale IE - 8%
- Redhawk Brewing IE - 6%
- Marshall Industries IE - 5%
Hard Liquor
Annual Consumption per Capita: 6.2 Pints
Leading liquors, Retail Market Share, 2016:
- Vodka - 44%
- Whiskey - 38%
- Gin - 11%
Annual Consumption per Capita: 7.6 Pints
Most domestic wines are produced in North Central State, in the coastal area north of Port Yehoshua. These are considered low grade dry table wines. The great bulk of wine is imported from the East Cortoguay and Masseau. Cedarbrookese tastes run to semi-sweet and lighter dry reds. Vintages from Ainin have increased their share of the import market since 2000.
Most literature before the 1820's was related to religious practice. Writing in Wrycova, Yitzhak Kuzmir was an early popular Galitzianer novelist, compiling 'Stories from Tsantz' in 1824, 'A Farmer's Life' in 1832, and the pioneering epic novel 'Wrycova Castle' in 1837. Later in the 1860's author Charles Ettinger continued the tradition of the epic novel.
Writing in Charleroi in the 1850's Louis Modigliani is viewed as the "Father of Alsatiano Writing". His light plays and short stories captivated the audience throughout the South, until his support of republicanism caught the attention of Imperial Authorities. After serving a short sentence for agitation in 1863, he continued writing in mufti, surfacing after independence in 1877.
As English supplanted Galitzianer and Alsatiano in the first half of the 20th century, notable contributors to the Cedarbrookese literature included poet Edward Scheinbaum, humorist, playwrite and early screen writer Myszek Eifel, and the founders of the Stepaniak school of literature in the late 1910's and the 1920's, David Schelvis and Leon Pechersky.
In the 1950's, poet Andre Zederbaum was recognized as the most prominent English language poet in West Cedarbrook.
There has been a revival of Alsatiano literature since the mid 1970's, spearheaded by novelist Judy Regnault, recently retired as Department Chair of Alsatiano Language and Literature at Michelson Technological University.
The development of drama came late to West Cedarbrook, having been mostly the province of the imperial Luba and Yerushalaimi courts until establishment of The Kramden. For most of the Kramden's early years, drama was not considered to be a legitimate art form, the faculties of Arts looking down on it as entertainment for the peasantry, fit for comdedians and "tummlers". With urbanization and the admission of commoners to the universities, and an interest in foreign plays as a model, Drama as an art began to gain legitimacy in the 1890's. Prominent playwrights early in the history of the Kramden include Solomon Kahn, who organized the first drama department at Sarraute College in 1900, and David Ben-Eliahu, director laureate of The National Theater in Wrycova from 1890 to 1896.
The first recognized film was the short comedy "The Milkman Visits the City", produced in Steinhouse in 1904. Since then Steinhouse has grown as a center of the creative arts in The Kramden, and home to such studios as Mellman Production Enterprises, SBS Studios, and the Poisson-Rothstein-Rzepka Company. The "Golden Age of Cedarbrookese Cinema" from 1935 to 1950 saw lavish musicals, dark film-noir detective pictures, and expansive sagas of the early days of the country, along with patriotic epics during the Second Great War.
Prominent in film currently are movie director and producer Steven Ullmer, avant-gard director Sarah Brzechwa, and controversial documentary producer Steven Lunet.
Painting and sculpture were frowned upon for religious reasons, but interests in these arts grew with Reform Judaism in the late 1700's and early 1800's in Alsatiano regions. As a result of this history, many of the more important schools of art are found in Steinhouse and Charelroi. Early painters were Pauline Adams, known for landscapes, and Claude Kisling, the first court artist commissioned in Steinhouse, in 1812. Steinhouse has remained a center of visual arts in West Cedarbrook.
After the Constitutional War, painting and sculpture became more acceptable in the Galitzianer north. By this time, the abstract movement became popular, allowing the Galitzianer orthodox audience to skirt prohibitions on representation of living objects.
More contemporary artists include painter Mark Davis (b. 1963) and sculptor Meyer Brown (b. 1985).
Religious music
Religious Music is an integral part of all branches of Judaism in West Cedarbrook. The ancient instruments of drum, flute, lyre and trumpet dominated services into the 1200's, following which reforms in the Orthodox Galitzianer liturgy emphasized choral music. The instrumental tradition continued to flourish in the Alsatiano south, which in time gave birth to a Cedarbrookese national style.
Folk music and national songs
Galitzianer farmers in the 16th and 17th centuries developed folk ballad traditions which grew in popularity up through the pre-independence period. Yodeling was a frequent feature during the development of Galitzianer music in the 1800s, and is occasionally used in current day popular music. Prominent in Cedarbrookese country music is the use of the walking bass line. Alsatiano variations included employment of fiddles, accordions, and a variety of banjos and guitars. This has become what is now considered popularly as Cedarbrookese Country.
Classical music
The earliest Western musical influences in West Cedarbrook can be traced back to two distinct sources: the first foreign university instructors who brought with them the Western classical music tradition, and the large body of Alsatiano sailors who brought with them sea shanties from Western Esquarium.
Well-known Cedarbrookese classical performers include: sopranos Jeanne D'Iberville, Joan Koroff, Yvonne Kelenowsky, and Emma Markiewicz; pianists Roger Weinberg, Eileen Joffre, Gilad Tova, Louis Jourdain and Issac Morton; guitarists James Eads and Sabena Zgynz; horn player Barry Turner; oboist Diana Dormont; violinists Richard Torchevsky and Eileen Wallfish; cellist Dovid Pereira.
Classical West Cedarbrookese composers include Pierre Etre, Ellen White and Betty Szeryng. The most prominent modernist composers are Ofra Turner and Patrick Jones.
Popular music
In the 21st Century, loser-rock group Drayer Vontzen is the most prominent band for this genre.
Major Symphony Orchestras
|Music Director
|Year Established
|Main Venue
|Summer Venue
|Wrycova Symphony Orchestra
|Romek Nelson
|Kupfer Hall
|Wolf's Head
|Radio West Cedarbrook Orchestra
|Srinivas Rao
|East 19th Street Auditorium
|Osprey Stadium
|Steinhouse Orchestra
|Emile Oczog
|The Nonagon
|Issachars Fields
|Port Yehoshua Philharmonic
|Port Yehoshua
|Lucien Naturowicz
|Penway Street Auditorium
|Oceanside Music Center
|City of Ironton Orchestra
|Wlady DeMarselliase
|Bar-Ilan Hall
|Ironton University Stadium
West Cedarbrook is almost entirely Jewish, the main branch being Conservative. It is the seat of Ashkenazic Judaism in Esquarium. Until the 200's AD there had been some contact with Jewish communities in Luziyca and the western hemisphere, but with the rise in Christianity the tribal chiefs ended that contact with the west. Throughout the royal ages the Rabbinate had been closely tied to the Royal Houses of Wrycova, Steinhouse, and Charleroi. Chief Rabbinates were imposed, often against local custom with the rise of Empires in the 1600s and 1700s, at which time many Orthodox faithful began to question religious practices and rulings ordained by the Rosh Yeshivot appointed by Imperial Decree. An Enlightenment movement formed, first in secret, then more in the open to challenge these ordinances, particularly in the seafaring Alsatiano south. These liberal ideas were strengthened by international trade and study. In 1772 Manasseh DeGaulle openly preached several reforms, including seating of wives next to husbands during services in Ironton, and was banished by the Imperial Mayor. Given refuge by Baron Kocushko-Liebowitz he continued writing and preaching. In 1805 the first Reform Synagogue, Oheb Shalom was founded in the then Grand Duchy of Charleroi, chartered by the Ducal Council.
The Reform movement grew in popularity in the South, and contributed to republican sentiment that led to the War of Independence. The Galitzianer North remained true to Orthodoxy throughout the 1800s. After Independence issues of separation of religion and state persisted until the drafting of the Constitution, which removed any connection between the two.
In the 20th century many congregations turned to the Conservative movement, to bridge differences in practice between Alsatianos and Galitzianers. The decision of The Wrycova Central Shul (ווריקאָוואַ זנטראַל שולע) in 1925 to adopt Conservatism marked a milestone in that change. Immediately prior to that, in the late 1910's and early 1920's there were incidents of sectarian violence as reform Alsatianos moved in greater numbers to the Galitzianer north. Some of the worst violence occurred between 1921 and 1923 in the Cedarbrook Valley and in Edwardsville, and culminated in the political/sectarian "Blue/Red/White War" riots in Wrycova in 1923 and 1924. Today almost all Cedarbrookese are in the Conservative branch. Levels of observance vary by individual.
Hinduism survived among the Kal people in the far hinterlands. Under the emperors, the Hindu rights were uncertain at any time, and settlement mostly confined to the least arable land. Some higher caste Hindus served in the imperial armies. In 1732, a guru serving as a lieutenant in the army of the Yerushalaimi Emperor declared a revelation of one god, who could not be seen. His writings served as the foundation of Sikhism. Sikhism spread among the higher caste Hindus, mostly in the armies and among merchants. In a disputation in 1765, the Chief Rabbi of Steinhouse declared Sikhism to be monotheistic. This led to relief of legal restrictions on Sikhs, and many Hindus declared for Sikhism in the late 1700's and early 1800's.
The Church of West Cedarbrook is the main Protestant denomination. It is Calvanist, formed in 1895 in the wake of The Constitutional War as a merger of Protestant congregations that pledged to abide by the Constitution, and repudiating any ties to foreign powers.
The Kramden has had a long troubled relationship with the Lutheran Catholic church, heightened by the hostility of the local Galitzianer peasantry against foreign farm workers introduced by Luban nobles to assist with harvests in the mid-1700's. Foreigners residences were plundered during disturbances in the 1850's and 1860's. During the War of Independence, most Lutheran Catholic communities fled to Wrycova, and migrated or converted to other Christian denominations after independence in 1877. The Lutheran Catholic church agitated heavily against the 1892 constitution, and encouraged, financed and outfitted invading foreign armies during The Constitutional War. As a result, all remaining Lutheran Catholic churches and institutions and fraternal organizations were closed. In 1980, after years of negotiation, the Lutheran Catholic church refuted all claims to secular authority on Cedarbrookese territory, and was permitted to operate within the Kramden.
Those religions deemed to have denied secular fealty to the Kramden are viewed with great suspicion, and open adherents usually have problems finding employment. Among those is Islam. It is estimated that there are around 200 self-converted Muslims in West Cedarbrook. Muslim immigration is generally not allowed.
Religious Participation: Estimates 2010 Almost entirely (99.85%) Jewish:
- Conservative 92%
- Reform 5%
- Orthodox 3% <Modern Orthodox>
Also Present, by Congregational Size
- Sikh
- Hindu
- Christian: Mostly Protestant (Church of West Cedarbrook, Mormon)
- Lutheran Catholic
Meat and carbohydrates predominate in Cedarbrookese cuisine. Beef, Lamb and Poultry are the main sources of protein. Cured meats are especially prized, including smoked turkey, pastrami, corned beef, salami and a variety of sausages. Goose and duck are prepared for holiday meals.
The cuisine hosts a variety of grains and pastas. Popular during mid-day and evening meals is farfel, usually flavored with onion. Rice, cooked barley and bulgur wheat often grace dinner. Potatoes are the vegetable of choice, especially during the cold winter months.
Beer is the most popular alcoholic beverage, sold ubiquitously throughout West Cedarbrook. Men prefer heartier stouts and ales, while women and younger adults like more highly hopped and lighter beers. The annual International Gold Medal Brewer's Competition, held in Charleroi since 1881 is world famous for identifying and recognizing brews in many categories of beer. Vodka and whiskey are also popular, more commonly drunk during formal occasions.
The Cedarbrookese economy is almost entirely privately held, the government limited to ownership of very few services and utilities (utilities on the local level). Regulation is very light, except in banking services. The approach has been characterized as "Laissez-faire", which has held true mostly since the collapse of leftist parties around the turn of the 21st century. The most important part of the economy, by percentage of GDP is the services sector, followed by manufacturing, extractive industries, and agriculture. Technology has been the leading growth driver in the economy since the early 1980's. Monetary policy and banking regulation is governed by the West Cedarbrook Central Bank.
Dr. Arthur M. Levine, Chairman of the Board of Directors 1050 East 6th Street Wrycova, 50911
Leading Employers by Sector
Banking and Financial
Commercial and savings banks are separated as commercial entities by law. Commercial banking includes investment banking. Savings banking includes residential mortgages. Banking is regulated through chartering by the West Cedarbrook Central Bank with input from the Treasury, and to a lesser degree the Solicitor General, the Attorney General, and the Department of Internal Affairs.
- Leading Commercial and Investment Banks
- Bank of Wrycova and Steinhouse
- Commercial Credit Bank
- Edwardsville, Ronit and Northwestern Financial Corporation
- Yehoshua Costal Development Corporation.ie
- Fishman Trust
- Leading Savings and Mortgage Banks
- Wrycova and North Central Home Bank
- Society for Savings of Port Yehoshua
- First Central Savings and Loan
- Great Western Savings Bank
- Dynerstein Savings
Leading Industrial Firms
- Wolf Steel Corp.
- General Electric Cedarbrook
- Applied Materials.ie
- Tyota Motor Corp.
- Furd Motors.ie
- General Motors Mfg.ie
- Bluestone Tire and Rubber
- Cuprous Alkali and Mining Corp
- Turing Machining Corp
- Industrial and Commercial Mechanic Service Corp
- ArcAir: ArcAir is the leading domestic airline, and the major overseas air carrier in both passenger and cargo categories for West Cedarbrook.
- Steinhouse Flight: Operations in West Cedarbrook, eastern and northern Conitia, and Asenath.
- Iamus CarlusAir: Low cost (mostly domestic) passenger service, with about 67% of revenue from cargo operations.
Major Airports:
- Wrycova:
- Naimann Field
- Iamus Carlus International Airport
- Steinhouse:
- Ulam Field
- Port Yehoshua:
- Saul Frankel International Airport
- Ironton:
- Jacques Weil Field
- Charleroi:
- Frederick Unger Field
Railroads, by miles of track:
- West Cedarbrook Central Railroad
- Kildare & Eastern
- Yehoshua & Ironton
- Cedarbrook Coastal Railroad
- Charleroi, Holon & Har Gezerim
- Oiho Valley & Malawani
Roads and Highways
Roads are built and maintained by the national and state or municipal governments. There are no private roadways in West Cedarbrook. The national government maintains the National Road system, established in 1937, for interstate transportation across the Kramden. All National Roads are limited access highways, with the exception of NR-61A, a business spur in Charleroi, and NR-700, a bypass on the outskirts of Tsantz. After an intial hodgepodge of disconnected local routes, the national government granted monies for connection, construction and maintenance of state routes starting in 1922. Funding for state routes was downgraded during the great period of construction of the National Roads (1942-1951), but has since been stabilized. Per 1927 standards, there are four grades of state roads:
- Class A - At least two lanes in each direction, entirely limited access in rural areas, with fewer than one at-grade intersection per mile in urban areas.
- Class B - At least two lanes in each direction, mostly limited access in urban areas.
- Class C - At least two lanes in each direction, without curb cuts for residences or businesses. These are most commonly found in villages and some smaller cities.
- Class D - One or two lane connecting, or farm-to-market roads. These are generally found only in rural areas.
Numbered Municipal Roads in Wrycova, Steinhouse, and Port Yehoshua generally fall into the above Class A and Class B categories.
West Cedarbrook is a major grain, meat and dairy producing nation. Leading agricultural commodities, by value produced in 2015 are:
- Wheat
- Corn
- Dairy products
- Cattle and processed beef
- Potatoes
- Lamb and mutton
- Wool
- Poultry
- Non-citrus fruit
- Barley
The nation is a net exporter of Wheat, Corn, Barley, Potatoes, processed beef, and mutton. All export licensing is controlled by the Agricultural Export Licensing Authority (West Cedarbrook)
Dairy and truck farming, and poultry production predominate near most major cities. Corn is the leading crop in the northeast, with Wheat and Barlye producing regions being more in the central part of the country. Cattle and sheep ranching is important in the west. Potatoes are a significant crop in the central, southern and western areas.
Extractive Industries
Major extractive industries, by sales value (2015)
- Copper
- Natural Gas
- Coal
- Iron
- Rare earth metals
- Uranium
- Cobalt
West Cedarbrook is a major producer of Copper and Coal, each contributing to the Kramden's export value. The exportmarket for Rare earth metals and Uranium is controlled for security and economic development purposes.
Technology Profile, 2015
- Windowes 12.2: 59%
- Windowes XceP: 21%
- Windowes pre-12.2: 7%
- Macek OS X1-6: 5%
- Older Windowes: 4%
- Unix/Linux: 4%
- wOS: 55%
- Mentoid: 39%
- JavaAME: 4%
- Kimple: 2%
- QMEz: 45%
- DistServer 22%
- NetDB: 20%
- Imriq: 13%
West Cedarbrook is one of the largest trading nations in the Eastern Hemisphere. Its foreign trade balance for goods has been in surplus since 2011. Total trade for 2014 amounted to 11% of GDP—imports plus exports of goods and services. Trade within Conitia accounts for 61% of total trade value. It has removed or reduced tariffs with it's immediate neighbors, and with the Latin Union nations in Conitia.
Leading imports by value are petroleum and petroleum products, industrial chemicals, aircraft and engines, foodstuffs, telecommunications, computer software, computers and peripherals, analytical and scientific instrumentation, medical instruments and supplies, clothing, and textiles.
Leading exports by value are aircraft and engines, beverages and foodstuffs, electrical equipment, chemicals, primary metal products, and software and services.
Masseau is the leading trade partner for West Cedarbrook, in both imports and exports.
|Trading Partner
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|East Cortoguay
Error creating thumbnail: File missingKorivania
Telecommunications: Most land lines are operated by National Telecom Network (NTN), privately owned.
Leading Mobile carriers by market share:
- NTN Mobile 42%
- WesComm 34%
- Skynet 21%
- EtherComm ie. 10%
- Others 3%
Broadcasting: Call letters begin with 9 or E. All broadcasting frequencies assigned by the Broadcast Spectrum Assignment Consortium, under charter of The Department of Internal Afairs
Leading Television Networks by total viewership:
- West Cedarbrook 1 (17 Channels, 6 network owned stations, 27 affiliates)
- Cedarbrook Broadcasting System (15 Channels, 7 network owned stations, 21 affiliates)
- Fox Eretz (9 Channels, 7 network owned stations, 23 affiliates)
Leading Newspapers: Most newspapers publish in English, and either Galitianer or Alsatiano, depending on the locality.
- Morning Star (Galitzianer - דער מאָרגן שטערן) - Conservative viewpoint, often viewed as the "newspaper of record" for West Cedarbrook
- Post - nonpartisan; mostly sports coverage.
- News - Libertarian leaning
- Press - Conservative oriented
- Herald - Libertarian oriented
Port Yehoshua:
- Standard - Libertarian oriented
- Mail - Conservative orientation
|New Year's Day
|January 1st
|Celebrates the first day of every year in the Gregorian calendar.
|First two days of Passover
|Varies, usually in March or April, according to Lunar Calendar
|First two of the 8 days of the Jewish holiday
|Opening Kickoff
|April 1
|Start of regular season football.
|Kramden Day
|May 22
|Date of the recognition of the Kramden by Luba Empire in 1877, officially marking independence.
|Memorial Day
|August 11
|Memorial for all Cedarbrookese military that have died in wars.
|Rosh Hashanah
|In Sept. or October, varies by Lunar calendar
|Jewish New Year.
|Yom Kippur
|In Sept. or October, varies by Lunar calendar
|Jewish Day of Atonement.
|Spring Break
|Second Monday of October
|Annual spring holiday.
|Victory Day
|December 20th
|Commemorates victory in the Constitutional War
|New Year's Eve
|December 31st
|Celebrates the end of the Gregorian year
Foreign Relations
Traditionally isolated by distance and inclement weather, the kingdoms and empires that preceded the Kramden had minimal contact with the outside world. With the advent of modern communications, flight, and improved navigation, West Cedarbrook became more active in the world community, particularly after the First Great War. Alarmed by intervention in nearby Cortoguay in the early 20th Century, President Thomas Simon outlined plans to formalize diplomatic relations with Western Esquarian nations. These were largely put on hold during the First Great War, but continued after the war under President Kornfeld and in the 1920's under President Abraham Murville. President Murville's 1929 state tour of Cortoguay, Sardeed and Masseau was the first such visit by a Cedarbrookese president.
The nation turned inward during the depression years of the early 1930's, but with the advent of the War of the Confederation, foreign involvement was thrust upon The Kramden. Following the Second Great War, exposure of Communist plans to take over leading trade unions in the early 1950's led to a strongly anti-communist foreign policy, including Cedarbrookese involvement in the first inter-Cortoguayan war. Following that involvement, a major threat from West Cortoguay during the 1960 Cundinamarca Incident focused External Affairs' attention on collective security in Conitia to contain the Communist regime, leading to membership in the Conitia Security Agreement in early 1961.South Nautasia on the basis of cultural and ethnic affinity, and has engaged in a policy of "Constructive Engagement" toward economic and human rights development in that nation. It is a member of the Organisation of Esquarian Nations and the Armed Forces may participate in peace keeping missions. It is regarded as the leading regional power in Conitia. Foreign policy has been strongly anti-communist since the 1950's. The nation is host to the Antarctic Treaty Conference, headquartered in Steinhouse.
The 2015 Lazarene Sea Crisis created tension with NOSDO members, as West Cedarbrook fulfilled it's CSA obligations by positioning forces for the defense of East Cortoguay. Tensions with Nevanmaa reached a height in late 2015, during the Cedarbrookese police action to restore law and order during the Second Lecistani Civil War.
The nation has traditionally stayed apart from issues in Western Esquarium, preferring to avoid conflict far away. During the East Namor Sea crises in the 2010's, the Deparment of External Affairs often issued redpapers restricting or prohibiting maritime commerce by West Cedarbrook flag vessels in areas of conflict.
|Country (Feel free to add your own country here)
|Current state of relations
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|Cavila and West Cedarbrook enjoy a very comfortable relationship. Because of their immense sizes, the two nations trade is considerable. Both nations are democratically aligned with and regularly participate in affairs in Conitia. Today, Cavila sees West Cedarbrook as one of it's greatest allies.
Error creating thumbnail: File missingKorivania
|Korivania maintains normal trade and diplomatic relations with West Cedarbrook, suspended between the Second Great War and 1978. Following restoration of relations, several trade, extradition, anti-money laundering, and intellectual property treaties have been signed between the two nations
|Relations are distant, due to Koyro's membership in the Pact of Iron. All business with Koyro must be transacted in the Luziycan Lira.
|Relations between Lecistan and West Cedarbrook have been warm, with a shared history trading between each other, and since Lecistan's independence, defense pacts and trade.
|Fjalland and West Cedarbrook enjoy full diplomatic relations. The countries share cooperation and trade.
Armed Forces
Main Article: See West Cedarbrook Armed Forces
The two major parties in West Cedarbrook are the Conservative Party and the Libertarian Party. National elections are typically close. The Libertarians have held a Senate majority from 2000 to 2014. The leftist Independent List (West Cedarbrook) has 2 Senate seats following the 2014 elections. The liberal Group 15 party organized late in 2014 to contest next year's Steinhouse municipal elections. In November 2015 it incorporated as the Civic Alliance Party, at which time 13 Libertarian and 2 Conservative Senators defected to the new party.
Major national issues usually center around governmental involvement in the economy. The Conservatives typically advocate for support of business and find their greatest support in larger banking and manufacturing enterprises. The Libertarians propose more of a lassiez-faire approach, and draw support from small business and farmers. Since the collapse of the Socialist and Liberal parties, labor has favored the Libertarians.
Foreign policy is a secondary concern to the electorate. Both major parties are anti-Communist and support democracy. The Libertarian Party has an isolationist strain, more recently counterbalanced by the administration of former President Louis B. Steinberg. Conservative policy supports commerce abroad, and a friendly neighbor policy in the South Central Ocean area.
Presidential elections are on a first-past-the-post basis, with a 5 year term. Presidents are limited to two consecutive five year terms. After leaving office a former President can run in the next election.
Seante elections are also on a first-past-the-post basis. Terms are 2 years, with no term limits.
Secretary of External Affairs: Vernon Kansky Secreatry of Internal Affairs: Neal Shapiro Chariman, Joint Chiefs of Staff: Thomas Ben-Asher Solicitor General, Civil Courts: Label Olin Attorney General, Criminal Courts: Elliot Arnstein Treasurer: Nina Silver
The Presidential Cabinet includes the Vice President, along with the department chiefs shown above. Department chiefs are appointed by the President and approval or denial voted within two days by majority of the Senate, after review of dossier provided by The President and discussed in caucus. In the event of rejection of three successive candidates for a Cabinet post by the senate, the next rejection will be reviewed and accepted or overridden by a panel of the Wrycova Civil District Court of Appeals.
The nominee for Secretary of Internal Affairs is usually a senior civil servant, State governor or Municipality mayor, and administers all departments pertaining to health, postal services, transportation, agriculture, and commercial promotion. The department includes an independent audit staff. Most recent secretaries have been non-political.
By tradition a slate of candidates for Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is prepared for presidential consideration by the outgoing Chief and the Chiefs of Staff the Army, Navy and Air Force. The Director of the DIO receives a copy of the recommendation. Candidates are usually incumbent heads of service of the Armed Forces, general officers and admirals, and DIO department heads currently serving in the military.
Input on nomination for Solicitor General is traditionally sought by the President from the justices of the Supreme Court for Civil Affairs. The President similarly seeks input on the Attorney General nomination from the Lead Justices of the State and Municipal Courts of Appeals for Criminal Affairs, and the board of the West Cedarbrook Association of Criminal Attorneys. Comments on that input can also be provided by Municipal and State prosecutors.
The nomination for Treasurer is usually discussed with the outgoing Treasurer and the Chairman of the West Cedarbrook Central Bank.
The order of Presidential Succession is: Vice President President of Senate Secretary of External Affairs Secreatry of Internal Affairs Chariman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Solicitor General, Civil Courts Attorney General, Criminal Courts Treasurer Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Civil Affairs Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Crimanl Affairs
2012 Presidential Elections
Presidential Election Results
*Conservative: Issac Feld and Paula Davidoff (52%) *Libertarian: Ernest Ornstein and Fredrick Daniels (48%)
2012 Senate Elections
Senate Election Results
*Libertarian: 356 *Conservative: 337
2014 Elections
Elections on September 17, 2014
The Senate elections saw the Conservative Party assume majority, making gains against the Libertarians throughout the Kramden. Two Independent List (West Cedarbrook) Senators were elected, marking the first time leftists were part of the senate since the collapse of the Socialist Party. All incumbent governors that were up for re-election were returned to office.
Senate: All 693 seats in contention. Results: Conservative: 371 Elected Libertarian: 320 Elected Independent List: 2 Elected
Governorships: (* = incumbent) (V=elected) State Conservative Candidate Libertarian Candidate North Central Carly Auburn * V Label Stone Central Francois Ben-Moshe *V Amos Turney South Linda Dautrieve James Prenevaou * V
Senate Makeup After 2015 Civic Alliance Defections
693 Seats.
Conservative: 369 Libertarian: 307 Civic Alliance 15 Independent List: 2
Following the defections Senate President Stanislaus Douai and Libertarian Leader Fredrick Daniels retained their offices. Genevieve Reunolds of Port Yehoshua, a defector from the Libertarians assumed the position of Senate Leader for the Civic Alliance.
Local Government
States and Municipalities administer laws, perform functions under the guidance of the cabinet, and allocate expeditures to localities. States were formed under the Local Government Reorganization Act of 1909, and Municipalities under the Municipal Governance Act of 1934. Cities may incorporate as a Municipality, outside of state jurisdiction if the proposed municipality has a population of at least 1.5 million, upon approval of the state legislatures of the devolving states, after approval by a 2/3 Senate vote on second reading followed by a referendum where a 2/3 majority of proposed municipal residents vote for incorporation.
The executive function in municipalities is vested in a Mayor, and other municipal officials such as Prosecutor and Treasurer as defined in the Municipal Charter. The appointment or election of a Board of Education is specified in the charter. The legislative function is performed by a Municipal Council, and a Board of Control may also be elected or appointed, according to the Municipality's charter.
|Senate Districts
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
|Harry Kaplan (Lt)
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
|Maurice Oppenheim (Co)
|Port Yehohshua
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
|Sara Miller (Lt)
Governors and executive officers such as Attorney General, Solicitor General, Treasurer, and Auditor are elected by popular vote, usually for four year terms. Each state has an Assembly as the legislature. Local government within states consist of chartered cities, villages, and rural townships. Coastal State also allows rural places of settlement to be designated as hamlets.
|Senate Districts
|North Central
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
|Nova Targ
|Carly Auburn (Co)
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
|Kelli Pietruszka (Co)
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
|Victor Kurszewsky (Lt)
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
|Francois Ben-Moshe (Co)
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
|James Prenevaou (Lt)
Legal System
West Cedarbrook has a national legal system based on civil law. Under the Kramden Constitution Civil and Criminal Courts are separate. In the Civil Justice system, disputes with potential damages expected at less than 250,000 Zugs may be assigned to a Referee. Referees are appointed by the state governor or the municipality mayor. For damages above the 250,000 Zug limit, cases are heard at the District Civil Court level, may be appealed to the District Appellate Court, and could be further considered by the Civil Supreme Court. Judges at all three levels are presidential appointees, with Senate approval, and approval of the state governor or municipality mayor for district and appeals benches. Similarly, in the Criminal Justice system, misdemeanors are adjudicated by magistrates, appointed by the state governor or municipality mayor. Felonies are tried at District and Appellate Courts, with the ultimate appeal at the Criminal Supreme Court level. Judges at the top two levels are presidential appointees, with Senate approval, and approval of the state governor or municipality mayor for district and appeals benches. Magistrates are appointed by district Criminal Court judges
Elementary and Secondary
K-12 Education is free and compulsory. Almost all schools are public. National standards are provided by the Department of Education, under the Secretary of Internal Affairs. Local school boards appointed by the State Governors and Municipality Mayors administer public education.
Religious education is provided by individual congregations, and is not state supported.
Elementary School is grades K-6. Junior High School is grades 7-9. In the spring of the 9th grade all students take the Comprehensive Academic and Vocational Evaluation (CAVE), which identifies the most likely courses of study for High School and beyond. All school districts offer a General Education, some offer magnet Scientific and Technological, Agricultural, Business, or Military High Schools.
Post Secondary
Colleges, professional and graduate education are provided by a mixture of public and private institutions. The most important factor in admission to higher education is a student's performance on the Predictive Assessment of Advanced Performance (PAAP), usually administered at the start of the candidate's final year in secondary school.
Leading Universities
University: Mascot Team Colors Boardman's College Review Academic Ranking (2014) West Cedarbrook Military Academy: Generals Gray and Blue 9 Rickover Naval Academy: Sailors Blue and White 10 West Cedarbrook Air Force Academy Wildcats Purple and White 7 J Robert Oppenheimer University Bombers Black and Green 1 Michelson Technological University Golden Flashes Blue and Gold 2 Sabin Medical and General University Tigers Black and Gold 3 Salk University Doctors Gold and White 4 Wrycova Municipal University Giants Gray and Orange 5 Steinouse Municipal University Rangers Red and Black 6 North Union College Pioneers Gray and Green 8


text:
Hola maigos: A VUELO DE UN QUINDE EL BLOG., miembros de la tripulación de la Expedición 39 captaron esta imagen de la llegada, la captura y el atraque de la cápsula SpaceX Dragón de carga a la Estación Espacial internacional está a 20 de abril de 2014.
More information..........
Media accreditation now is open for the April launch of a cargo resupply service mission to the International Space Station. SpaceX's Dragon cargo spacecraft is targeted for launch at 4:43 p.m. EDT Friday, April 8.
The Dragon capsule will launch on a Falcon 9 rocket from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) in Florida, carrying science research, crew supplies and hardware to the orbiting laboratory in support of the Expedition 47 and 48 crews. The flight also includes the Bigelow Aerospace expandable habitat module that will be attached to the space station for testing. In its scheduled return to Earth in May, the Dragon capsule will bring back biological samples from astronauts, including those collected during NASA's one-year mission. This launch is the eighth contracted mission by SpaceX under NASA's Commercial Resupply Services contract.
Media prelaunch and launch activities will take place at CCAFS and at nearby NASA Kennedy Space Center. The deadline to apply for media access to Kennedy is 5 p.m., March 24 for non-citizens and 5 p.m. March 31 for U.S. citizens. The registration deadline for international media access to the Air Force station has passed for this event.
All media accreditation requests must be submitted online. International media are required to upload a scanned copy of their visa and passport or green card when submitting their online accreditation request. To apply for media accreditation, visit:
Media must present two forms of unexpired legal, government identification to access Kennedy. One form must include a photo, such as a passport or driver's license. Questions about accreditation should be directed to Jennifer Horner at email@example.com or 321-867-6598. For other questions or additional information, contact the Kennedy newsroom at 321-867-2468.
For launch countdown coverage, NASA's launch blog, and more information about commercial cargo resupply missions, visit:
Tabatha Thompson
Headquarters, Washington
Gregory Harland
Kennedy Space Center, Fla.
Headquarters, Washington
Gregory Harland
Kennedy Space Center, Fla.
Last Updated: March 18, 2016
Editor: Karen Northon
Guillermo Gonzalo Sánchez Achutegui
Inscríbete en el Foro del blog y participa : A Vuelo De Un Quinde - El Foro!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
London Police Catch Prankster Who Stole Writer Jonathan Franzen's Eyeglasses
ROBERT SIEGEL, host:
This is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED from NPR News. I'm Robert Siegel.
MARY LOUISE KELLY, host:
And I'm Mary Louise Kelly.
Now, it's not often we get to report on London cocktail party capers, but last night saw one of the more surreal episodes we can remember. The American writer Jonathan Franzen was at a book party at the Serpentine Gallery - this was the U.K. launch of his new novel, "Freedom" - when two men appeared, snatched the glasses right off the end of Franzen's nose, handed him a ransom note that read: $100,000, your glasses are yours again and then fled.
Jonathan Franzen is on the line with us now from London.
And let me let you pick up this story. You're at this party. When did you realize something was afoot?
Mr. JONATHAN FRANZEN (Author, "Freedom"): Somebody shouted: Channel 4, Channel 4, and grabbed the glasses from my face and took off running, and I actually thought, because I was suddenly blind, I thought it was my editor, warning me that Channel 4 from the BBC had arrived. So I trotted after this person and knew something was amiss...
(Soundbite of laughter)
Mr. FRANZEN: ...only when I saw him leap a five-foot fence and disappear into the trees.
KELLY: So you thought this was like a glamour shot and he wanted your glasses off because the TV film crew had arrived?
Mr. FRANZEN: Or maybe they weren't supposed to be there, and he was trying to hide me or something, and the easiest thing was just to snatch my glasses. I was not actually handed the ransom note, somebody else was. I found out about that later. But several people gave chase and managed to trap this person against the Serpentine, which is a body of water in Hyde Park, and before long, the police were involved. And there was a police helicopter because I guess...
KELLY: It's a police helicopter?
Mr. FRANZEN: ...the police feared the person a helicopter was involved. The (unintelligible)...
KELLY: Summoned because of the theft of your glasses?
Mr. FRANZEN: Well, no. I think that the fear was that this person had gone into the water in an effort to escape and might perish in the water.
KELLY: Aha.
Mr. FRANZEN: And he was eventually coaxed out of some bushes, and a very nice police officer showed up about half an hour later where I was having dinner and gave me the glasses back, unharmed. And it's actually not as weird as what have been going on the few days earlier when the entire first edition of the U.K. edition of the book had had to be recalled for pulping.
KELLY: A typesetting error in the first edition. Yeah. It's been quite a week for you in London.
Mr. FRANZEN: Yeah, a serious typesetting error. Yes, exactly.
KELLY: What a week for you.
Mr. FRANZEN: So...
KELLY: Well, let me get back to these culprits who were cornered behind a bush after they swam across the lake in Hyde Park. I gather you're not pressing charges.
Mr. FRANZEN: Oh, absolutely not. No. No hard feelings.
KELLY: Any idea who...
Mr. FRANZEN: It was...
KELLY: ...who these fugitives?
Mr. FRANZEN: I was recalled really to...
KELLY: Yeah.
Mr. FRANZEN: ...the '70s. It seemed like a street girl in a store or maybe like somebody and I was grateful that they had not put a cream pie on my face, that they've just stolen the glasses.
KELLY: Just temporarily blinded you at your book launch?
Mr. FRANZEN: That's right.
KELLY: Well, are you able, Jonathan Franzen, to maintain a sense of humor about all this, or does this make you want to stay home on the night of your next book launch?
Mr. FRANZEN: No, I've been laughing through the whole thing and observing the anguish, secondhand. The publisher was very anguished about the disastrous printing error. And, you know, what higher compliment can you get for your eyewear than to have someone grab it from your face?
KELLY: It is very distinctive eyewear. You show up in the press a lot. Describe the glasses in question for us.
Mr. FRANZEN: Well, they're sort of heavy, brown, horn-rimmish sort of things that if I take off, I become entirely invisible, not only to other people but also...
(Soundbite of laughter)
Mr. FRANZEN: ...more or less, blind as a bat without them, so to myself too.
KELLY: Well, but this is a story with a happy ending.
Mr. FRANZEN: Exactly.
KELLY: Glasses back and onto the next stop on the book tour.
Mr. FRANZEN: Terrific. Yes.
KELLY: All right. Thanks so much.
Mr. FRANZEN: My pleasure.
KELLY: That's the writer Jonathan Franzen. He is on book tour in London for his new novel called "Freedom," and he was talking with us about the theft of his eyeglasses last night.
Copyright © 2010 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.
NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR's programming is the audio record.


text:
I e-mailed this Jewish rabbi with about 16 - 18 (at least 18) different points on how God can increase your intelligence if you do certain things or obey certain laws... and he has not responded... he usually responds I about 3-4 hours... so I'm not sure.
I think he doesn't know what to do because if he argues with me point by point it will take too long but if he doesn't argue with me he's leading me astray
And he doesn't know whether what I say is true or not because he has never studied the bible the way that I have and he doesn't want me to lead him astray...
But he always responds to my e-mails...
Most Helpful Girl
How long ago did you send the e-mail?
It could be that he's busier than usual and that's why he hasn't responded yet. Or maybe he needs more time to review/think about what you've said so he can give a good reply.00|00|0


text:
Connor Bertram: It was an honor to go against you, Ms. Korn.
Harry: Yeah, you can spare me all the obsequious crap. Should you ever want to drop all that homespun hoo-haw and work for me, we can talk. You're a hell of a young lawyer.
Connor: Ms. Korn, my name is Connor Bertram, I'm the attorney for the town of Langford.
Harry: City Attorney?
Connor: Mm-hmm.
Harry: How old are you?
Connor: I'm 23.
Oliver: You're the City Attorney?
Connor: Yes, sir, my Uncle's the Mayor so, ah, I had connections.
American Girl by Tom Petty (Harry driving her Mercedes)
This Little Light of Mine by Harry Dixon Loes (Lee's children's choir)
Original International Air Dates:
Canada: November 9, 2011 on Global
United Kingdom: February 27, 2012 on Universal Channel/Universal Channel HD
Finland: June 17, 2014 on MTV3
Look, Barney, I happen to be a lawyer
This a reference to Barney Fife, Don Knotts' character on The Andy Griffith Show. Barney is Sheriff Andy's deputy in the town of Mayberry. The program aired on CBS from 1960-68.
Oliver here got his ass kicked by Doogie Howser
This is a reference to the popular ABC program Doogie Howser, M.D. which aired from 1989 to 1993. Neil Patrick Harris starred as the 16-year old board-certified surgeon.
No results found.
No results found.
No results found.


text:
Need to get blood tests in Oneida, TN? Simply order online and get blood tests done at a lab in Oneida, TN (Find More Locations):
How much does it cost to Get Blood Test?
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text:
|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Cliff Williams <cliffywi...@aol.com>
|Re: Return doc data with _changes feed?
|Sat, 02 Oct 2010 15:19:07 GMT
Enrique I think that it is something like _changes?feed=continuous&include_docs=true best regards cliff On 02/10/10 11:49, Enrique Flores wrote: > Hi, > > We are monitoring a database with the continuous changes API, but our bottleneck now is that we then have to turn around and request the actual doc for every change, is there a way to configure the changes feed to go ahead and return the whole doc instead of just its _id? > > thanks, > Enrique > >
|View raw message


text:
£94,995 Offers over
Ross Sales &Lettings are delighted to offer to the marketplace this simply gorgeous traditional cottage situated within the popular village of Stonehouse, South Lanarkshire.
Highlights of this lovely property include reception porch, hallway with three storage cupboards, lounge, stylish kitchen, modern bathroom plus two good sized bedrooms.
Further benefits include gas central heating, driveway, gardens plus garage.
This property will be sure to impress all who take the time to view.
Hall 3.71m (12' 2') x 3.21m (10' 6')
Lounge 4.39m (14' 5') x 4.34m (14' 3')
Kitchen 4.42m (14' 6') x 3.00m (9' 10')
Bathroom 2.17m (7' 1') x 2.00m (6' 7')
Bedroom One 4.43m (14' 6') x 2.86m (9' 5')
Bedroom Two 4.00m (13' 1') x 2.96m (9' 9')
This house description is based upon information supplied by the owner, or on behalf of the owner. These property particulars are produced in good faith and do not constitute or form part of any contract. s1homes do not take any responsibility for the accuracy of the information contained in this document.
If a property value displays '0', don't worry it just means no properties have been sold in that area during that time.
Sold house price data is supplied to us by the Registers of Scotland, a government department responsible for compiling and maintaining property registers, every month. There can be a delay of up to 3 months from when a property is sold to being recorded with Registers of Scotland. We provide house price data for your information only, we do not accept any liability for any errors. If you have noticed any incorrect information, please contact Registers of Scotland.


text:
What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
Any way to make the calendar icon larger?Asked by mcwatson on December 19, 2014 at 09:32 AM
I regularly use the calendar option in my forms but the users often say the little calendar icon that you tap is too small and would like it a bit larger.
I looked in the options but couldn't find anything there, wondered if there is any way of achieving this or maybe injecting some code to enlarge it.
Kind regards,
Yes, this is possible by injecting custom CSS in your form. Please try to inject the following code to your form:
.showAutoCalendar {
width: 150%;
You can modify the percentage value (in bold) to the value of your preference. You can also see a demo form here: http://form.jotformpro.com/form/43525212332948
Feel free to clone it to your account if you want to.
Thanks for your reply. I applied that code and it works, icon appears bigger and can be adjusted accordingly.
But it only seems to work when viewing the form on a normal screen, it doesn't seem to transfer when viewing it on a mobile. Would the Mobile Responsive Widget over rule the code and retain the standard icon size?
I assume this is the form you're referring to: http://www.jotformpro.com/form/42963169828974 is that correct?
Please try to use this code instead:
.showAutoCalendar {
width: 300% !important;
I just added the !important command to the CSS rule, because as you said the widget is overruling the custom width value, but with this command you can prevent that.
Let us know if it works.
That worked and is exactly what I wanted. Of course, the icon looks a little more blurry the bigger the percentage but that's true of any graphic that is enlarged.
Thank you very much for your help and keep up the good work.
You're welcome and thank you for your kind words.
Glad it worked out the way you wanted.
Feel free to open a new thread if you require further assistance.
Best Regards.


text:
Comparison Between Internal and External Chest Impedance Measurement
The recruitment status of this study is unknown. The completion date has passed and the status has not been verified in more than two years.
Verified February 2011 by Hillel Yaffe Medical Center.
Recruitment status was: Not yet recruiting
Recruitment status was: Not yet recruiting
Hillel Yaffe Medical Center
Information provided by:
Hillel Yaffe Medical Center
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: February 13, 2011
Last updated: NA
Last verified: February 2011
History: No changes posted
|Tracking Information
|First Received Date ICMJE
|February 13, 2011
|Last Updated Date
|February 13, 2011
|Start Date ICMJE
|March 2011
|Estimated Primary Completion Date
|April 2015 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
|Current Primary Outcome Measures ICMJE
|External measurement of chest impedance can be effective in monitoring heart failure patients [ Time Frame: Three years ]
|Original Primary Outcome Measures ICMJE
|Same as current
|Change History
|No Changes Posted
|Current Secondary Outcome Measures ICMJE
|Not Provided
|Original Secondary Outcome Measures ICMJE
|Not Provided
|Current Other Outcome Measures ICMJE
|Not Provided
|Original Other Outcome Measures ICMJE
|Not Provided
|Descriptive Information
|Brief Title ICMJE
|Comparison Between Internal and External Chest Impedance Measurement
|Official Title ICMJE
|Not Provided
|Brief Summary
|To compare two methods of chest impedance: the Medtronics Optivol Measurement via CRT pacemakers for patients with heart failure and external non-invasive measurement
|Detailed Description
|Not Provided
|Study Type ICMJE
|Study Design ICMJE
|Observational Model: Cohort
Time Perspective: Prospective
|Target Follow-Up Duration
|Not Provided
|Not Provided
|Sampling Method
|Probability Sample
|Study Population
|Patients with heart failure with CRT pacemaker
|Condition ICMJE
|Heart Failure
|Intervention ICMJE
|Study Groups/Cohorts
|Heart failure patients
|Publications *
|Not Provided
* Includes publications given by the data provider as well as publications identified by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number) in Medline.
|Recruitment Information
|Recruitment Status ICMJE
|Unknown status
|Estimated Enrollment ICMJE
|Estimated Completion Date
|April 2015
|Estimated Primary Completion Date
|April 2015 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
|Eligibility Criteria ICMJE
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
|Child, Adult, Senior
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers
|Contacts ICMJE
|Contact information is only displayed when the study is recruiting subjects
|Listed Location Countries ICMJE
|Removed Location Countries
|Administrative Information
|NCT Number ICMJE
|Other Study ID Numbers ICMJE
|Has Data Monitoring Committee
|U.S. FDA-regulated Product
|Not Provided
|IPD Sharing Statement
|Not Provided
|Responsible Party
|Dr. Mark Kazatsker, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center
|Study Sponsor ICMJE
|Hillel Yaffe Medical Center
|Collaborators ICMJE
|Not Provided
|Investigators ICMJE
|Not Provided
|PRS Account
|Hillel Yaffe Medical Center
|Verification Date
|February 2011
ICMJE Data element required by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors and the World Health Organization ICTRP


text:
This file contains both the Windows drivers and the Flash Com program which contains the Dual-Mode V.90/K56Flex V2.310 Flash ROM code.
Installation instructions
1. After downloading the file, run the 56i3-2310.exe program to unzip the files to an empty folder or directory on the hard drive.
2. Refer to the readme.txt file included in the file for installation instructions to both update the model's Flash ROM and to remove the current Windows modem driver and install the new Windows modem driver.(This file can be found in the folder you unzipped the files to in step #1)
3. Refer to the instructions in the users manual for more details.
(This file obtained from Zoltrix web site and dated 7/7/99
|Discussion Thread
|zoltrix Generic 56K HCF Data Fax Modem (COM3) (Windows 7) [IDE] 1 reply
|Jan 23, 2012
|Zoltrix generic 56k hcf data fax modem (Windows 7) 1 reply
|Apr 24, 2010
|Zoltrix conexant cx11252 41z xp (Windows XP Professional) [PCI / ISA] 1 reply
|Feb 10, 2010
|Zoltrix Generic 56K HCF Modem Fax PCI (Windows 7) [PCI / ISA]
|Dec 7, 2009
|Zoltrix Generic 56k HCF (Windows 7) [PCI / ISA] 1 reply
|Oct 19, 2009
|Zoltrix Zoltrix PCTEL PCT 789T-C1 (Windows 2000 Workstation) [Parallel Port] 1 reply
|Dec 16, 2008
|Zoltrix 33.6K internal faxmodem (Windows 98SE) [PCI / ISA] 1 reply
|Sep 10, 2007
|Zoltrix FMVSP56e (Windows Vista) 1 reply
|Apr 23, 2007
|zoltrix generic hcf 56k data fax modem (Windows Vista) [PCI / ISA]
|Feb 15, 2007
|Zoltrix raptor (Windows XP Home) 1 reply
|Nov 30, 2005
|Zoltrix raptor (Windows XP Home)
|Nov 29, 2005


text:
Tap and hold image to zoom
Price and Kensington Tea Storage JarCode: 069360
- This back to front tea jar has a fun and quirky design showing the face and the bottom of the popular farmyard character the cow.
- This playful jar is the perfect place to keep your tea fresh while adding a touch of country fun to your kitchen
- Materials:
- Dolomite
- Dimensions:
- 13.5cm x 12cm x 12cm
- Weight (kg):
- 0.495
- Dishwasher safe:
- No
- Delivery Information
- €4.99 standard delivery, up to 3 working days.
- Full delivery terms
- Returns Policy
- Your purchase is covered by our 14-day money-back guarantee.
- Full returns policy
You may also like


text:
Wed 4th Sep 2013 9:00amZuma Jay's Bude - Crooklets Surf Report
Super fun, waist high longboard waves out there this morning! Winds are light offshore and for the first time this summer there's actually a bit of a chill to the air! http://www.zumajay.co.uk/surf-check-widemouth-bude-webcam/
View the Bude - Crooklets Surf Report and Forecast. Zuma Jay's Reports have received a total of 1293688 views.
This report has received 520 views since 4/9/13.