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African Crop Calendar Database
African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development (AJFAND)
European Journal of Horticultural Science (eJHS)
GlobalHort Image Library
Global Map of Horticultural Development Projects
Horticulture Innovation Lab Global Horticulture Knowledge Bank
Pollination Information Management System (PIMS)Weedsbook – The African Weed Science Network
The GlobalHort Knowledge Base presented consists of
information maintained by the GlobalHort secretariat on its website
information maintained by the various partners on their websites and in their on-line data repositories extended
information from other relevant on-line resources
You may search through the specific sections of the knowledge base
Search the GlobalHort Website
Search the GlobalHort Partners Websites
Search for Publications
Search for Projects, Experts, Organizations
Search for Best Practices
Go to the Resources for a list of the resources that are included in the Knowledge Base.
May 5, 2017
A new publication by the Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI) is synthesizing knowledge on urban agriculture in the Global North and Global South. It is considered to be one of the first books on urban agriculture in a global context. The book starts with providing a definition of urban agriculture and moves on to discussing its role in community building, sustainable development and food justice. It also discusses the challenges of establishing urban agriculture markets and urban agriculture as an illegal activity. It gives a number of case studies both from the North and South that put urban agriculture in the context of social and environmental sustainability. Different authors discuss also topics such as bees in the city and urban agriculture in slums. For more information on this book please click here.
March 22, 2017
The FAO's Rural and Urban Crop and Mechanization systems team (AGPML) is inviting to an online discussion forum on sustainable crop production intensification of horticulture crop based systems. The discussion will revolve around examples of participants for successful innovative practices to increase production in a sustainable fashion. The target groups for this discussion are especially scientists and practitioners, but also experts of other groups that deal with sustainable intensification. Case study contributions should try to answer the following questions:
• Have the innovative practices and technologies in your example proved to work well and produced good results, can they be recommended as models and why?
• Are they successful experiences that have been tested and validated in the broad sense and deserve to be shared so that a greater number of people can adopt them?
• Alternatively, have these innovative practices or technologies demonstrated a high degree of success in a single setting and guarantee the possibility of replication in the same setting?
For more information and to join the discussion please this link.
February 14, 2017
Food journalist Simran Sethi has launched the pilot of a podcast series about chocolate called The Slow Melt. She informs about the basics of cocoa production, chocolate processing, flavors and genetic diversity besides other topics to deepen our understanding of this famous product. Simran is including expert knowledge in her podcasts. For the pilot she has interviewed Peter Schieberle, a food chemist at Munich Technical University, Eagranie Yuh, a chocolate educator and author and Brigitte Laliberté, coordinator of the Global Network for Cacao Genetic Resources (CacaoNet) and the Cocoa of Excellence initiative of Bioversity international. Each year the Excellence Programme is awarding the best cocoa from more than 40 producing countries. The aim of CacaoNet is to " safeguard and value the richness of diversity in cacao". For more information on the work of Bioversity International in the field of cocoa conservation please click here . To listen to the podcast directly please follow this link.
January 31, 2017
In an interview with Deutsche Welle Harry Klee, professor in horticulture is sharing his research insights from tomato breeding. Through breeding for bigger fruit, tomato farmers have compromised much of the flavor of tomatoes for economic benefits. Professor Klee and his team or researchers from the US, China, Israel and Spain are looking at new and old varieties to find out which genes are responsible for tomato taste and sugar content and how to make tomatoes on the market tastier without compromising traits such as disease resistance and high yields. They have sequenced the genomes of a total of 389 varieties. The team is motivated to increase tomato consumption for better nutrition. So far the researchers found out that 30 chemicals contribute to the flavor of tomato, "13 of which are only present in a reduced form". You can find the research paper that was published in Science here . To read the interview please follow this link.
January 21, 2017
A group or researchers in Italy have published a study on the potential of urban horticulture to increase the societal benefits of vacant sites in the city of Bologna. The study looked at four types of vacant sites, namely flowerbeds, roundabouts, terraces, and balconies and rooftops. Those types were then analyzed regarding their suitability for requalification through urban agriculture. Six study sites were identified to conduct specific case studies for each type. The researchers looked at the strengths and weaknesses, and opportunities and threats (SWOT analysis) of each case study. Factors considered for this analysis were success of Management, societal effects, education and cultural aspects and the increased benefits of the site in an urban development context, such as aesthetics and reproducibility. The researchers also looked at the stakeholders involved, property rights, type of user agreements, end users and type of production and motivation. The study concluded that bottom-up strategies were more successfully in engaging citizens in participating than top-down strategies. Recommendations for policy making suggest that participatory and multi-stakeholder approaches should be used to "integrate bottom-up perspectives and practices in urban planning". Furthermore food safety test must be included in planning horticultural sites on vacant lots since contamination of soils is common. Urban horticulture planning should also include business models. To read this study please click here.
January 19, 2017
In its Rural Development Report 2016 the International Fund for Agricultural Development is providing a summary of the state of rural development worldwide. The report addresses ten specific thematic areas including Employment and migration, gender equality and women's empowerment, food and nutrition security, Agrifood markets and value chains and more. It points out that big successes have been achieved in the fight against poverty and hunger since 1992 and that rural development accounts for a big part of that success. Nevertheless rural areas are lacking behind urban areas in all parts of the world. The three major questions addressed in the report are:
• What are the different pathways of structural and rural transformation in developing countries?
• How do the different pathways affect rural poverty reduction and social and economic inclusion?
• What can policy makers do to stimulate and support inclusive rural transformation?
While transformation in Latin America, the Caribbean and in Asian and Pacific countries has led to significant poverty reduction the Near East, North African and Central Asia are facing enormous challenges that hamper rural development, such as droughts and conflicts. Whereas good infrastructure and corporate farms have changed the economic landscape to one that is no longer dominated by agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean, Africa is expected to "remain predominantly rural until about 2035". In Asia an the Pacific "poverty here is largely a rural phenomenon". For more information you can find the report here.
January 10, 2017
The Inter Region Economic Network (IREN), in collaboration with the USAID East Africa Trade and Investment Hub and Syngenta is hosting a competition to promote innovations for post-harvest management. The competition is taking place in the context of the the First All Africa Post Harvest Congress and Exhibition, which will be held in Nairobi on March 28th to 31st, 2017. The Congress with the theme "Reducing Food Losses and Waste: Sustainable Solutions for Africa" will be the first opportunity of its kind for stakeholders to connect and exchange information. The best 10 innovators will present their projects at the event. The top 3 will in addition be awarded a 30,000 USD seed fund and a selection of the 50 best projects will also be published and shared with potential investors. Besides that a number of applicants will be supported in promoting their ideas. Applicants have to be 18 years old or older and be citizens of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda or Burundi. For more information please click here.
January 4, 2017
In order to promote the conservation of agrobiodiversity the Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC), Local Initiatives for Biodiversity, Research and Development (LI-BIRD),and Bioversity international piloted a participatory method, which produced Community Biodiversity Registers. Through documenting the variety of crops in a community and the local knowledge about their use, cultural values, cultivation and agronomic traits the erosion of genetic diversity and loss of traditional knowledge shall be counteracted. The registers should ideally be written in both local and common languages and contain photographs or drawings for visualization. Some might even include an herbarium. The tool shall help communities to:
• establish an inventory to allow monitoring of crop diversity and to document its associated farmer (traditional) knowledge
• generate a collective sense of community empowerment and ownership of genetic resources as a way to decentralize their management and conservation
• provide a record of the knowledge and uses of local biodiversity that can prevent biopiracy and enable the equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources
The brief also gives two examples from Nepal and South Africa. To read the brief please click here.
December 27, 2016
At the Ecosystem Services Partnership conference last November in Kenya participants stressed the importance of listening to farmers. This was concluded from a synthesis of multiple participatory studies conducted by Centro Internacional de Agriculture Tropical (CIAT). In their new Guide to participatory mapping the research center gives excellent advice on how to involve communities to promote the sustainable use of resources. The guide was specifically developed for NGOs, government agencies, civil society organizations and researchers to get insights into multiuse agricultural landscapes from the view of the communities themselves. The approach described in the guide uses free, high resolution satellite imagery from Google Earth Pro to first identify and locate resources in a landscape and get more information on for example their usage by different user groups, changes in supply and demand and consequences on people's lives, as well as conflicts and management practices. The Guide includes examples from Ghana, Kenya, Malawi and Tanzania and information material on how to create maps for different activities, martials that can be used with the participatory exercise and advice on digitalizing maps besides additional sources of information. You can find the guide here and a CIAT blogpost on the importance of listening to farmers, here.
December 6, 2016
On yesterday's World Soil Day the FAO published a new book titled "Soils and Pulses: Symbiosis for Life", which discusses the multiple benefits of pulses in fighting hunger and climate change, while boosting soil fertility. It specifically lists examples of how pulses can be used for soil management and eventually increased crop yields. It lists a number of case studies connected to ecosystem services of pulses and gives theoretical background on the function and physiology of pulses in regard to nitrogen fixation. Besides the publication the FAO's Council also endorsed the Voluntary Guidelines for Sustainable Soil Management, which give technical and policy recommendations that shall help to protect soils and restore fertility. In addition the Instituto Geografico Agustin Codazzi, based in Columbia, received the Glinka World Soil Prize, which was rewarded for the first time in history. You can find the publication on soil and pulses and more information here.
November 4, 2016
The International Food Policy Research Institute has (IFPRI) has published a book on "Innovations for inclusive value-chain development: Successes and challenges". Based on a number of case studies it throws light the best practices in value-chain development (VCD) to promote economic growth and fight poverty. More specifically it addresses the roles of market linkages, farmer organizations, and multi-stakeholder platforms, urbanization and gender inclusion and the question how the success of value-chain development can be measured. You can find more information here.
October 26, 2016
This book, written by Dr. Sarah James from the College of Asia and the Pacific at The Australian National University, throws light on small-scale farmers in Sydney. It contributes to the debate of local food production and urban sustainability. She specifically addresses the fight to survive of urban farms in the face of urban development but offers a new model of growth that better meets the needs of people today. You can find the link to the book here.
October 18, 2016
The International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS) is inviting students and young scientists to voice their opinion on the field of horticulture and ISHS. With their Young Minds Project ISHS aims to gain a better understanding of the "motivations, expectations and impediments of young people to pursue horticultural careers and to become a member of our Society." The project consists of an online, 10 minute, primarily multiple choice questionnaire and a video challenge. The questionnaire covers topics such as the attractiveness of horticulture as a career, personal interests, and the role of ISHS as well as the opportunities they offer. In the video challenge participants are asked to make a 5 minute, inspirational and interesting video on one of the following topics:
• the attraction, beauty and diversity of horticultural sciences;
• your motivation, interest and curiosity towards horticultural sciences;
• the richness of career opportunities in horticultural sciences;
• potential benefits of being a member of the ISHS.
Participants will have the chance to win a price. For more information visit the official website here.
October 12, 2016
The International Network of Resource Centers on Urban Agriculture and Food Security (RUAF Foundation) has published number 31 of its Urban Agriculture Magazine with the title 'Inclusive Use of Urban Space'. In the focus of this issue is how communities can actively promote urban farming and influence policy making and how policy makers are reacting. It draws on examples from West- and East Africa and South America, Indonesia, USA, Spain, Vietnam and the Netherlands. The issue was written in collaboration with representatives of Food Systems Planning and Healthy Communities Lab, State University of New York, Buffalo University and the University College London. Besides English, the magazine is also available in Spanish, French, Arabic, Chinese, Portuguese and Turkish. Please click here for a list of all published issues of RUAF's Urban Agriculture Magazine in all languages. Or you can read issue 31 directly here.
October 4, 2016
After the release of 'Horticultural Science', an online resource platform that compiles a vast collection of scientific work in the field of horticulture the Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI) is now working on an online encyclopedic authoritative source. The 'Horticulture Compendium' will contain datasheets with information on crop characteristics, planting and harvesting, storage and other aspects. It will constitute an extension of existing CABI compendiums such as the Invasive Species Compendium and Crop Protection Compendium. The new source is expected to be launched in early 2017. For more information and a complete list of existing compendia please follow this link
September 30, 2016
Between January 9th and 20th, 2017 the African Doctoral Academy will hold its 8th annual Summer School. The program is meant for PhD candidates, supervisors and other researchers to gain skills for designing and conducting a research project. Courses will specifically address how to prepare for a PhD, including proposal writing, how do design a study, how to analyse your data and how to publish it. A range of professors of different universities will be teaching. For more information on the content, prices and registration, please visit the official website here.
September 20, 2016
In a new issue of the magazine Practical Hydroponics & Greenhouses a series of reports on urban agriculture are compiled together to an interesting introduction to the topic. It includes an article about the rise of the new urban farming movement, a report on vertical farming in Japan and features two of the major urban agriculture hot spots Chicago, as the "urban agriculture capital of the US" and Vancouver, which has one of the most ambitious urban farming goals worldwide. You can read the full magazine online at through this link.
September 14, 2016
Georgia Organics, an NGO based in the US, that is working on sustainable food production offers a series of seven videos for all those interested in school gardens for preschools. The videos were made in the context of the Farm to School program of the US government and aims to incorporate fresh, locally produced food into students' diets. The topics of the videos range from how to conduct taste tests, via building and using gardens, to cooking. You can find all seven videos through this link.
August 29, 2016
The European Partnership in Agricultural Research for Development (PEAPARD) has published a new online video. Flavien Kouatcha is a 27 year old Cameroonian and the founder of "Save Our Agriculture". With simple and cheap raw materials and a lot of engineering skills he is building in-door, small-scale aquaponics systems to complement traditional horticulture in his country. He has won several prices and is currently employing 7 people. In this video you can watch Flavien build one of his aquaponic designs and get introduced to his story and future plans.
August 23, 2016
"Sowing Seeds in the City: Ecosystem and Municipal Services", by Sally Brown, Kristen McIvor, and Elizabeth Hodges, throws light on the potential impacts of urban agriculture in regard to ecosystem services. The book is compiled of numerous articles of academics, journalist and people of the movement and discusses for example how urban agriculture can contribute to soil and water conservation, waste recycling, climate change mitigation, habitat, and food production. Whether in community gardens, on rooftops, on sidewalks, in the backyard or the balcony, this publication is meant to increase our understanding of the benefits of urban agriculture to promote sustainable cities. The book also addresses how to integrate urban agriculture into urban planning and legal frameworks and how to choose a good sight for a garden. For more information please click here.
August 17, 2016
Since the victory garden movement in World War II, Chicago has been amongst the leaders in urban agriculture across the United States. Nowadays it is home to the world's largest rooftop farm and the nation's largest indoor aquaponics farm. But why is Chicago so much better when it comes to Urban Agriculture than other cities. There seem to be a number of reasons. The first one is simply the availability of vacant space. Compared to other cities in the US like New York and San Francisco, Chicago has a lower population density and thus more space available for gardens. Another reason are progressive policies, an example for which is an amendment to the Chicago Zoning Ordinance, which allows urban gardens to have a size of up to 25 000 square feet. Furthermore the city itself supports urban farming with funding. Last but not least there is a lot of demand and support for local produce in the city, and an innovative and entrepreneurial spirit. For more information please follow this link. You can also find a database of urban gardens in Chicago at the Chicago Urban Agriculture Mapping Project.
August 12, 2016
In the capital of India's state Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, the Centre for Disability Studies has created a course that enables students with physical and/or mild mental handicaps to obtain a diploma in horticulture therapy. The Centre for Disability Studies of the LBS Centre for Science and Technology promotes research and development of new educational technologies for individuals with special needs. It has a special focus on innovations in rehabilitation and ultimately aims at empowering people with disabilities. In the six-months long course students learn the basics of horticulture therapy and garden assessment besides other skills. The first 12 students have already successfully graduated with another batch on their way right now. The course gives the students the possibility to generate their own income and improves also vocational skills. For more information click here.
August 9, 2016
At the 3rd All Africa Horticulture Congress, which is currently taking place in Nigeria, Dr. Hannah Jaenicke of GlobalHort has led a panel discussion on how horticulture can contribute to improved livelihoods, which is now available online. Participants of the discussion include Dr. Jane Ambuko, Senior Lecturer and Head of Horticulture in the Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection of the University of Nairobi, Dr. Abdou Tenkouano, Executive Director of the West and Central African Council for Agricultural Research and Development (CORAF/WECARD), the Hon. Munir Babba Danagundi, Member of the Nigerian House of Representatives for Kano State and Member of the Committee on Agriculture, Dr. Marco Wopereis, Director General of The World Vegetable Centre, Dr. Chiji Ojukwu, Director of the Agriculture and Agro-Industy Department of the African Development Bank and Dr. Henry Akin Akintoye, President-in-Council of the Horticultural Society of Nigeria. Please follow these two links to watch part 1 and part 2 of the discussion. On the AAHC Nigeria 2016 youtube channel you can find more videos of the Congress.
August 3, 2016
In collaboration with the "Cities Farming for the Future Programme" of the International Network of Resource Centers on Urban Agriculture and Food Security (RUAF Foundation) the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) has published a "manual of low/no-space agriculture –cum- family business gardens". The author first gives a broader introduction with definitions and elements of low/no-space agriculture and family business gardens before informing about cultivation structures. The second part of the manual discusses the importance of urban agriculture and gives management advice. You can find the publication through this link.
July 27, 2016
Agro-insight together with CORAF/WECARD, the University of Abomey-Calavi and the University of Ghana has published a series of free online videos to train farmers in the management of fruit flies. The series consists of six videos with the following topics:
1. Integrated approach against fruit flies
2. Collecting fallen fruit against fruit flies
3. Killing fruit flies with food baits
4. Mass trapping of fruit flies
5. Weaver ants against fruit flies
6. Promoting weaver ants in your orchard
The videos can also be downloaded as an audio only or a 3gp file for mobile phones, which also includes a fact sheet and contact to experts. Please visit this link for more information and the download.
July 19, 2016
The Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International (CABI) has launched "Horticultural Science", a new database on tropical, subtropical and temperate horticultural science research. This online resource currently contains over 1.4 million abstracts, and over 67, 500 full text documents from over 100 countries with new content added weekly. You can also find news and research updates, and reviews of subject experts, search by crop group or key topic, save or export your records directly and subscribe to your saved searches. The database covers the topics "genetic resources, taxonomy, molecular biology, genetics, biotechnology, breeding, cultivars, propagation, climate, environment, soils, crop management, protected cultivation, pests, diseases, weeds, plant physiology, crop quality, postharvest treatment, storage, marketing and supply chains, and horticultural techniques and technology". It includes information on fruits, nuts, and vegetables, ornamentals, medicinal plants, essential oil plants, beverage crops and other plantation and industrial crops, as well as wild plants and relatives, new crops and under-utilized crops besides many more. To access the database click here. For more information visit the marketing webpage through this link.
July 6, 2016
The International Food Policy Research Institute has released "Nourishing Millions: Stories of change in nutrition", a book, which synthesizes the current knowledge on nutrition and global challenges connected to it. The book includes a number of case studies from different countries that show successful strategies to improve nutrition. The report also specifically stresses the importance of home gardens in the fight against vitamin deficiencies, which combined with animal husbandry forms the so called Enhanced Homestead Food Production (HFP) model. Its strength lays in the combination of vitamin-rich fruit and vegetable production with the supply of micronutrients such as zinc and iron from animal products. A recent enhancement of the HFP model was reached through integrating better communication about and education in horticulture, health, nutrition and hygiene practices as well as specifically addressing the role of women. For more information and an online download of the book please visit this website.
June 28, 2016
A report by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) throws light on how extreme weather can affect levels of potentially harmful chemical substances in crops. Among the toxins mentioned is nitrate, which under continuous drought conditions, seems to be accumulated especially in barley, millet, wheat and corn and thus in some of the world's major staple foods. Nitrate accumulation in the human body can, for example, affect oxygen transport. Other toxins in crops that seem to be affected by extreme weather are hydrogen cyanide, which can occur in plants after heavy rains following long droughts, and aflatoxins, which are produced by fungi that infest crops. Whereas the first can also affect oxygen transport in humans, the latter can increase the risk of cancer, liver damage and blindness besides other effects. In addition to crop toxicity the report titled "Emerging Issues of Environmental Concern" also addresses zoonotic diseases, plastic pollution, the financial sector and climate change in general. For more information follow these links: (1), (2).
June 24, 2016
The World Vegetable Center (AVRDC) has produced six videos to train Tanzanian and other farmers in vegetable production. The videos were made within the framework of the project VINESA (Improving income and nutrition in eastern and southern Africa by enhancing vegetable-based farming and food systems in peri-urban corridors), which is funded with help from Australia. The project has the aim to reduce youth unemployment in Ethiopia, Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania. The videos fall within the four thematic areas of composting, crop nutrition, pest management, seed production and seedling production and specifically address the following topics:
1. Producing quality seedlings
2. Transplanting seedlings
3. Getting crop nutrition right
4. Making great compost
5. Controlling whitefly in tomato
6. Producing quality seed
Please follow this link to watch the videos and to read more information.
June 20, 2016
After treating her husband with moringa during a disease Safiatou Roamba decided to start a business with this useful plant. Together with her daughter and 4 other employees she is picking, drying, packaging and marketing moringa tee across Burkina Faso and exports to France. A 5 minute video by the Platform for African – European Partnership in Agricultural Research is now available on Agribusiness TV through this link. It gives insight into the production chain and includes interviews of Safiatou and her family.
June 15, 2016
Project GEO offers a five weeks online course titled "Introduction to Green Entrepreneurship" specifically for young Africans. It constitutes part one of a two phase process and will be followed by a 21-day boot camp in Cape Town, South Africa. Participation in the latter will only be admitted to those who successfully participated in the online course. Project GEO aims to decrease youth unemployment in Africa through training and education. Registration for the project is free of charge and training is offered in English, French and Arabic. Application deadline for this online course is July 18th, 2016. Please click here to register and for further information.
June 10, 2016
According to a report by the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP), titled "Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment", increased CO2 concentrations can lead to higher carbohydrate production and lower protein and essential mineral content in some widely used crops. The report is based on a synthesis of multiple studies and aims to inform about the impact of climate change on health in the US. It consists of nine thematic areas, ranging from temperature related health effects, via air quality impacts and mental health to food safety, nutrition and distribution. Further key findings suggest an increased exposure of humans to chemical contaminants in food such as mercury and an increased risk of food borne illnesses. To read the report please click here.
May 28, 2016
A group of researchers from Cairo University has published a paper on the prevalence of obesity among mentally disabled children in special education institutes in Khartoum state, Sudan. The study was conducted through a questionnaire including the topics intelligence and dietary habits. Results suggest that 28.3% of the tested children are obese, with a very high protein but low calcium consumption. Mothers' lack of knowledge on nutrition and large family size seem to be associated with obesity. To read the full article click here.
May 24, 2016
Myrdal et al., of the North Dakota State University have conducted a study that supports the hypothesis that "personality is a factor that influences food preferences". The team of researchers surveyed third and fourth grade school children through their parents and caretakers, who answered a demographic questionnaire, an individual "Inventory of Children's differences", a Fruit and Vegetable Preference questionnaire and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). Results suggest that children that are more open for new experiences and show a higher agreeableness prefer fruits and vegetables more and have a higher HEI, in comparison to more neurotic kids. This article is openly accessible through this link.
May 13, 2016
"URBAN GREEN TRAIN - Urban green education for enterprising Agricultural innovation" is a project funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union, that aims to promote urban agriculture through education, knowledge exchange and dialogue. Its backbone is a network of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and institutions in Italy, France, Germany and the Netherlands. They offer an overview of online courses on urban agriculture and are planning to launch an open-access pilot course on urban agriculture entrepreneurship that is supposed to start this summer. The course will be designed for SMEs, academics, students and NGOs, as well as public authorities. For more information please visit the official website here.
April 22, 2016
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has published two video presentations on (1) "Water and Nutrient recycling in Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture", presented by Mr. Sudarshana Fernando, of the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and (2) "Street Food in Ghana: A Review of Findings and Recommendations from Literature, and a way forward" by Mr. Stefano Marras, a consultant at FAORAF. Please follow the linked titles to access the videos.
April 11, 2016
On April 14th at 10am (EDT) The Catholic Relief Service will host a webinar on Household gardens in developmental and emergency contexts. It will be presented by Thomas Dubois, Regional Director at AVRDC and Pepijn Schreinemachers, an AVRDC Lead Specialist. For more information and access to the webinar click here.
April 6, 2016
SeedSystem.org has published three webinars on the topics: (1) Hermetic Technologies for Grain and Seed Storage, (2) Approaches to Commercialization of Hermetic Technologies to Reduce Storage Losses and (3) Lessons Learned from Vegetable Gardening Projects. Each webinar is presented by researchers of well-known organizations, each webinar is about an hour of video material, and each webinar is open access and can be found on youtube. To find more information and to watch the webinars, please visit the website of SeedSystems here.
April 4, 2016
The African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development (AJFAND) has published Volume 16 No. 1. AJFAND is an open access peer reviewed journal published in Kenya. It aims to inform politicians, civil society and industries about research in food production and development. Besides others the new issue includes the following articles:
· Characterization of postharvest physiology attributes of six commercially grown tomato varieties in Kenya. · Nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of Raphionacme splendens (schl.) tubers.
· Effect of BAP, NAA and GA3, either alone or in combination, on meristem culture and plantlet establishment in sweet potato (cv Brondal).
· Education, training and awareness of laws as determinants of compliance with plant protection law: The case of pesticide use practices in Tanzania.
· Determinants of the adoption of integrated soil fertility management technologies in Mbale division, Kenya.
· Assessing the determinants of tissue culture banana adoption in western Kenya.
· Prevalence and predictors of vitamin A deficiency among infants in western Kenya using a cross-sectional analysis.
You can find all these and more articles here.
March 30, 2016
The Wisconsin School Garden Innitiative of Community GroundWorks together with Environmental Design Lab and the University of Wisconsin have just published the book "Teaching in Nature's Classroom; Core Principles of Garden-Based Education". The author Nathan Larson points out 15 guiding principles for garden-based educators, while drawing from a vast range of experiences, as well as research, embedded in personal stories. To download the ebook or order a free paperback copy and to find more information, including an online forum for discussion, please follow this link.
March 9, 2016
A new issue of the European Journal of Horticultural Science (eJHS) (volume 81/1) has been published. The peer-reviewed journal has a focus on novelties in plant science and other fields related to horticulture worldwide and aims at informing scientists and producers how to sustainably raise yields and quality of horticultural outputs. The new issue includes these articles:
• Late frost reactions of different populations of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.)
•Early frost reactions of different populations of Quercus robur L. and Tilia cordata Mill. in Germany
•Effects of low temperature and chilling duration on bud break and changes of endogenous hormones of asparagus
• Performance of various cool-season turfgrasses as influenced by simulated traffic in northeastern Italy
• Analysis of genetic diversity of the apricot germplasm in the southern region of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, China using the ISSR technique
• Seed viability tests for Acer pictum and A. rubrum
• Reduction of evaporation from plant containers with cover layers of pine bark mulch
You can find all these articles here.
March 7, 2016
On March 16th, 2016, the Catholic Relief Services (CRS) offers a webinar with the title "Lessons Learned from vegetable gardening projects". It will be presented by Peter Marks, president of Seed Programs International and have a focus particularly at availability of and access to vegetable seeds while presenting examples from Africa and Central America. For more information click here.
February 25, 2016
In this webinar Life Lab a leading NGO in the US garden-based learning movement, informs about innovative ways to find funding for school garden projects. Speakers are John Fisher, director of the Life Lab Programs and Partnerships and himself a co-founder of a school garden, as well as of the National School Garden Network and Kevin Hesser, who is a school teacher and garden coordinator and the co-founder of Gardens to Grow In.
Topics addressed in the webinar include:
• Tools for creating a garden budget
• Telling your story
• Garnering school or district support
• Cultivating donors
• Farm and garden based fundraisers
• Tips for finding grants
• Policy that supports school garden programs
Please find the webinar here.
February 5, 2016
E-GRO has published two webinar videos on "Managing Nutrient Solutions for Hydroponic Leafy Greens and Herbs", which were presented at the 3rd International Webinar Conference. The first video is presented by Dr. Chris Currey from Iowa State University and provides information specifically on pH and EC management. The second video is presented by Dr. Neil Mattson from Cornell University and informs about common nutrient disorders and nutrient solution recipes.
January 21, 2016
Cornell University, in collaboration with the University of Bristol, Wageningen University, the University of Gothenburg, and the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point is offering an online course on "Environmental Education: Trans-disciplinary Approaches to addressing Wicked Problems". The aim of the course is to create an opportunity for students and scholars to get insights and discuss multiple disciplines on how to improve environmental quality and change environmental behaviors. Topics will include disaster risk, conservation, parks and urban environmental education. Through individual facebook groups course participants can get the opportunity to meet with colleagues in person to discuss the course content and exchange experiences. The University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point is offering participants to earn credits for a fee, all other participants will earn a certificate of completion without any payment requirements. The course will be held from February 1st to March 11th, 2016. Please find more information about the course here and register through this link.
January 13, 2016
The University Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain, is offering a 20 ECTS, online course on "Huertos Urbanos: Buenas Prácticas Sociales, Ambientales y Territoriales" from February 1st to March 18th, 2016. The course will be taught in Spanish and costs 100 EUR. It is limited to a maximum number of 30 participants. Besides others the course aims at teaching skills in ecological agricultural techniques, community building techniques and teaching in and about nature. For more information please follow this link.
January 11, 2016
The University of Roma Tre offers a 12 months Master Degree programme in Human Development and Food Security. The program has an international and interdisciplinary orientation and offers to gain practical research experience through 3 months internships or field-work. Lecturers from various universities and international organizations from the UK, USA, France, Germany and Italy are teaching the five modules of the program. Students will benefit particularly from partnerships with UN Agencies and NGOs across the globe. The application deadline is May 31, 2016.
For more detailed information click here.
November 30, 2015
This certificate is offered by the Ryereson University in collaboration with partners. It consist of six courses, which address how to create a sustainable food system on the basis of social justice and democracy in both rural and urban settings. Please find more information here.
October 14, 2015
Modified atmosphere packaging (PM-MAP) can play a crucial role in extending the shelf-live of produce and thus reducing food waste and post harvest losses. This publication of the RUFORUM Journal Articles Collectio written by Zaharan , Hussein Oluwafemi , J. CalebUmezuruike , and Linus Opara investigates the role of postharvest hurdle technologies in food packaging and evaluates PM-MAP dependent parameters, as well as mathematical models.
Please find the link to RUFORUM and to the article here.
September 21, 2015
In his new book 'Local Food for Global Future: Classification, governance and knowledge for sustainable food security ' Harry Donkers points to the importance of local and regional food production as an alternative to industrial systems. Through a new system classification he gives advice on suitable governance structures and answers questions about the development of alternative food systems worldwide with examples especially from the Netherlands and Russia. With this book Harry Donkers aims at motivating local producers, entrepreneurs, consumers, citizens, local institutions and local governments as well as societal organizations to start a dialogue and to work together to exhaust all possibilities of local production.
Please find more information here.
August 25, 2015
This book is a manual that will show you how to build and run a simple hydroponics system with some inexpensive IKEA boxes this system is called ELIOOO. The hydroponics techniques used are adapted to make them easy to use at home. This meant that you become a farmer, perhaps an urban farmer. However this book is not a book on urban farming nor is it a general book about hydroponics. This book is a manual that will show you how to build and run a cheap and simply hydroponic system.
Please find more information about the designer and the book with extracts here.
August 11, 2015
Okra has long been exploited as a nutritious vegetable for humans, and fodder for livestock. But its potential as an oilseed crop and its drought tolerance in a world facing global warming underscore its growing importance in sustainable agriculture. Written by global experts in their fields of specialization, this is the first book exclusively on okra. It provides a single source of in-depth and detailed information. Agricultural universities, research institutes, libraries, government agricultural departments, vegetable crop breeders, and seed companies will find this book invaluable.
"The first comprehensive review devoted exclusively to okra…offer[s] a varied perspective on issues related to the crop."
-- Economic Botany
Please find the table of contents and ordering information here.
Siegel, K.R., Ali, M.K., Srinivasiah, A., Nugent, R.A., Narayan, K.V., 2014. Do we produce enough fruits and vegetables to meet global health need?
J.D.H. Keatinge, D. Virchow, M. Mecozzi, T. Dubois, I. Elouafi and R-Y.Yang. (2014). Building resilience in healthy landscapes for men, women, children and communities through fruit and vegetable horticulture. In: Building Resilience for Food & Nutrition Security. IFPRI: Washington
December 3, 2013
Change and Adaptation in Socio-Ecological Systems: Climate Change, Social Changes, Technological Development (CASES) is a new open source journal launched by Versita (www.versita.com/cass).
The scope of CASES is to publish original papers, review and synthesis papers, and short communications, and research letters addressing an interdisciplinary point of view on change and adaptation of socio-ecological systems from management unit level to policy level. Thematically, CASES aims to address all studies that have a focus on the impact of global change and climate change, on functioning or services of socio-ecological systems and related human-environment interactions, on understanding, monitoring and proposing innovative approaches, tools and technologies to adapt and bring forward system management and development.
The authors are offered a variety of benefits:
October 23, 2013
Weedsbook is the online African Weed Science Network (www.afroweeds.org/network). It is a bilingual (English/French) open-access, online exchange platform for professionals working on weeds in Africa
It currently has more than 240 members from all over Africa and Europe. Weed science is a scarcely practiced discipline in Africa, yet the regional economic impact of weeds is enormous. Weedsbook has been established to better inform weed scientists in the region and to enhance the outreach of their work.
Weedsbook contains discussion groups on topics such as weed identification, management, distribution and parasitic weeds. Members can discuss, ask questions or get assistance for instance with the identification of encountered weed species.
Weedsbook provides recent relevant scientific publications and guides to weed identification, management recommendations, and information on research grants and scholarships and it enables members to share relevant news such as outcomes from their work and to upload or download photos, videos or other media.
Each member can generate a personal profile with information on their work, contact details and relevant internet links. It enables members to inform other members on their expertise and interests which in turn helps to link up with relevant new partners.
Weedsbook is open-access and easy to use, and it enables you to:
Enhance your network of peers
Share, communicate and learn
Get assistance or provide assistance on weed related queries
Be alerted on new weed science products, or announce your own products
Be informed (or inform your peers) on new funding opportunities, conferences and other relevant events
Membership is open and free:
1.Go to www.afroweeds.org/network -> click on 'Register' ->
2.Complete the form -> click on 'Register' -> confirm the Weedsbook e-mail sent to your e-mail address
3.At first use: enter your user name and password and click on 'Login'
For help or other queries, please contact Dr Jonne Rodenburg (AfricaRice): email@example.com
They provide a comprehensive seed health training programme consisting of short term individual/group courses and long-term education through research projects leading to post-graduate qualifications (Diploma, M.Sc, PhD level and others. Click here for further details.


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every time we makeout which would be 3 times over the past two years, and tells me he only kisses mine when I asked if he does that to every girl does that mean I'm special to him?
Have an opinion?
Be vewy vewy careful. He may be a nose fetishist, in which case he'll only love you for your nose. If anything should happen to your nose, you will probably find yourself alone. Tell him no more nose contact until after you are married. Trust me on this. It's nothing to laugh about!
Be the first girl to share an opinion
and earn 1 more Xper point!
You cannot undo this action. The opinion owner is going to be notified and earn 7 XPER points.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
What happens when you combine full body markerless motion capture with VR? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzONsaYNKeY...Read more
About: Carsten Stoll
Recent Posts by Carsten Stoll
The Captury will show something special this year at FMX 2015 in Stuttgart from May 05-08! Come by and visit us at our booth at the Marketplace! ...Read more
Captury Studio Release Trailer
To celebrate the release of Captury Studio V1.0, we've released a new trailer showcasing what you can do with Captury Studio : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9uwj4dLAviI ...Read more
Captury Studio is ready!
After a lot of work it's finally ready! Captury Studio v1.0 will be released later next week! More information coming soon! We would like to thank all our beta testers for helping us making a better product! We wouldn't have been able to do it without you....Read more
New Demos
While we're still working on finishing Captury Studio in the coming weeks, we have finished two new demos that showcase some of the things you can do. The first video is a tech-demo that showcases how Captury Studio handles difficult situations, such as self contact with strong occlusions. In the second video we...Read more
Captury Studio Beta
We're happy to announce that, starting today, the beta registration for Captury Studio is available. Please head over to the registration page to read more about the beta! Captury Studio is a software suite for markerless performance capture in post-production, and is the result of several years of...Read more
Introducing Captury Live
The second video created for FMX 2014 shows our latest prototype of a real-time system, Captury Live : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BObWiv5rzzA Captury Live is a complete markerless capture solution, that allows to capture data with a simple, portable setup. As it is build on the same technology that is used in Read more
Capturing Animals
Just in time for FMX 2014, we're publishing two new videos showcasing our technology. To demonstrate the advantages of markerless capture technology, we went out into the field and recorded footage of a horse, which we then processed and captured using Captury Studio. It was possible to track motions in an everyday...Read more
Recent Comments by Carsten Stoll
- 2015/04/09 on Protected: Order – April 6, 2015 @ 04:22 PM
- 2015/04/09 on Protected: Order – April 9, 2015 @ 12:06 PM
- 2015/04/01 on Protected: Order – March 30, 2015 @ 08:36 PM
- 2015/04/01 on Protected: Order – April 1, 2015 @ 07:51 AM
- 2015/04/01 on Protected: Order – March 31, 2015 @ 03:01 PM


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This 2004 Panel Discussion was co-hosted by POWI and the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. It was focused on the paper, "Decision Time: Water Diversion Policy in the Great Lakes Basin" written by Canadian water expert, Ralph Pentland and American environmental lawyer, James Olson. Decision Time covers recent developments in water policy in Canada and the US, with a focus on policies governing water diversion from the Great Lakes Basin.
To see the Discussion Paper, please click here.


text:
Ready2Sell - Main Functions
Ready2Sell consists of three parts: Data Manager, Analysis Center and Campaign Manager.
Data Manager
Data Manager supplies the user with the tools for data management and validation.
As far as providing data to the system is concerned, Ready2Sell supports text files in pre-defined format, database integration and manual data input via web forms. Such flexibility allows to customize the CRM process to the company's needs.
The quality of data is crucial for successful CRM; therefore, in case of Ready2Sell all the operational information has to undergo acceptance process before being introduced into the system.
Analysis Center
Ready2Sell provides the user with a high level of insight for better understanding customers' behavior, enabling effective segmentation and targeting of customers and prospects based on clean and accurate data.
Analysis Center plays a key role in providing the essential building blocks for successful campaigns. These include:
Segments which divide the customer population according to shared features. Ready2Sell supplies the user with three kinds of segmentation methods - starting from the manual one to fully automated solution.
Association rules - result of market basket analysis - constitute a key element for successful up- and cross-selling opportunities discovery. One may take a full advantage of the benefits of market basket analysis while constructing a loyalty campaign.
Response models - help to determine prospects that are likely to respond and those that are not; response rate, calculated for each customer , is a valuable indicator for possibly best campaign design and execution.
Campaign Manager
The third module Marketing Campaign Projects, carrying out and supervising Marketing Campaigns. Apart from that, within its competencies lies the analysis of the Campaigns which have ended.
Campaign Manager's competences include:
Campaign project creation - Various kinds of sales actions are supported, including cross-selling, loyalty and custom ones. Projects may be optimized according to target group, response or profitability criteria for increased revenue and greater operational efficiencies. Project's fine-tuning leads to ultimate sales campaign execution.
Sales campaign monitoring - Integrated view on several KPIs related to on-going campaigns; ability to act interactively during campaign run.
Finished campaigns analysis and knowledge extraction - Detailed information related to the positive and negative campaign responses can be easily used to better target the customers and improve future campaigns ROI.


text:
Tubing, 3/8 I.D., 50 ft., Clear, Flexible
TYGON| Zoro #: G1528746| Mfr #: AAA00028
Zoro #: G1528746Mfr. Part #: AAA00028
$123.73 /ea
This item ships free. DetailsStandard ground shipping
Technical Specifications
|Zoro #: G1528746 Mfr #: AAA00028
|Tensile Strength: 2200 psi
|Item: Tubing
|Tube Hardness: Shore A: 66
|Tube Length: 50 ft.
|SAE or Metric: SAE
|Temp. Range: -32 Degrees to 165 Degrees F
|Tube Material: PVC
|Tube Color: Clear
|Flexibility: Flexible
|Standards: FDA CFR Part 175.300, NSF-51, 3-A Sanitary Standards
|Application: Food, Milk and Dairy
|Tube Bend Radius: 1-1/2"
|Vacuum Rating: 25 in. Hg.
|Max. Pressure: 34 psi
|Wall Thickness: 3/32"
|Outside Dia.: 9/16"
|Inside Dia.: 3/8"
|Country of Origin (subject to change): United States
Product Description
Tubing, Tube Material PVC, Tube Hardness Shore A: 66, Inside Dia. 3/8 In., Outside Dia. 9/16 In., Wall Thickness 3/32 In., Max. Pressure 34 psi, Tube Length 50 ft., Clear, Tube Bend Radius 1-1/2 In., SAE, Flexibility Flexible, Tensile Strength 2200 psi, Temp. Range -32 Degrees to 165 Degrees F, Vacuum Rating 25 in. Hg., Application Food, Milk and Dairy, Standards FDA CFR Part 175.300, NSF-51, 3-A Sanitary Standards
Restrictions and Compliance
- This product has been certified by a third party to be compliant with the "Safe Drinking Water Act" requirements for low lead in potable (human consumption - drinking and cooking) and non-potable water applications (non-human consumption).


text:
VariantUse Sample: Demonstrates the Use of Variants
The VariantUse sample demonstrates changing existing data into a variant, and changing a variant into other types of data. Many COM objects accept variants as function parameters. The goal of this sample is to help you change standard C data types into variants.
This sample covers the use of currency, dates, SAFEARRAYs, multidimensional arrays, strings, chars, shorts, and longs.
|Security Note:
This sample code is provided to illustrate a concept and should not be used in applications or Web sites, as it may not illustrate the safest coding practices. Microsoft assumes no liability for incidental or consequential damages should the sample code be used for purposes other than as intended.
To get samples and instructions for installing them:
On the Visual Studio Help menu, click Samples.
For more information, see Visual Studio Samples.
The most recent version and complete list of samples is available online from the Visual Studio 2008 Samples page.
You can also locate samples on your computer's hard disk. By default, samples and a Readme file are copied into a folder under \Program Files\Visual Studio 9.0\Samples\. For Express editions of Visual Studio, all samples are located online.
To build and run the VariantUse sample
Open the solution VariantUse.sln.
On the Build menu, click Build.
Run VariantUse.exe in the debugger. Place breakpoints in the code dealing with the type of data you are trying to understand. For example, if you want to see the use of variants with strings, place breakpoints in the OnString function. Run the sample in the debugger and click the Strings button. Clicking the buttons on the main dialog box will have no apparent effect unless there are breakpoints in the associated code. Once a breakpoint is reached, use the debugger's single-step feature to step through the code that transforms data into and out of a variant.
This sample uses the following keywords:
_bstr_t; CComBSTR; CComBSTR::Append; COleSafeArray; COeSafeArray::AccessData; COleSafeArray::CreateOneDim; COleSafeArray::UnaccessData; CString; CURRENCY; SAFEARRAY; SafeArrayAccessData; SAFEARRAYBOUND; SafeArrayCreate; SafeArrayCreateVector; SafeArrayDestroy; SafeArrayGetElement; SafeArrayUnaccessData; SysAllocString; SysFreeString; T2COLE; USES_CONVERSION; VARIANT; VariantChangeType; VariantCopy
Some samples, such as this one, have not been modified to reflect the changes in the Visual C++ wizards, libraries, and compiler, but still demonstrate how to complete your desired task.


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Snipers Math and Physics
I wanna know what math does a sniper use for windage, elevation and anything else.
Please include formulas
Which generation?
Modern snipers have all the best gear like laser range finders, Kestrel wind meters, downloaded apps to field smart phones and all sorts of nifty gadgets.
The Vietnam era sniper relied on usage of a special reticle called A Mil-Dot, which allowed them to site in on known size objects (a fence post, a vehicle's height, a mail box, a guard standing duty) and using the following formula could calculate range.
One mil equals 3.6" at 100 yards, or 36" at 1,000 yards. So if you are ranging a fence post that you figure is 36" inches high, you work backwards from that known height to how many/how much of a mil is covering the target.
So the height of your target in yards (36" inches) times 1000 gives you the distance to the target.
Here is a really great article with several formulas to help you grasp the Mil Dot application.
There are some good videos in this thread with some nice explanations.
Dillinger has it down pat! Modern sniping is about knowing how to apply your equipment to the situation properly. Apps handle bullet drop compensation, velocity, wind, bullet weight and a number of other factors to tell you how to set your scope. Barrett has a scope with all of this built into it and it adjusts itself after all variables are entered. However, it's a sniper's experience that tells him what to do if a target is 100 yards closer than expected or the wind shifts from left to right just before pulling the trigger. In cases like those, there is no time to recalculate and you just have to "feel your way.". There are several good books on actual sniping technique from publishers like Paladin Press, if you're interested.
Eastern Blok countries used a system similar to the Mil-dot. It was a graduated scale in the scope that was set for a 5'8" man. Put his feet at the bottom, where his head was, was the distance. Windage was a guess-tomit. I like my WW2 Era Snipers. even more primitive, but they could control an intire section of a battlefield. The K31 was the thought That a superior carbine and rifleman could control passes into Switzerland. They were correct. Take out the roads for armor, the infantry can be cut to peices by a few marksman, not snipers.
Simo Häyhä had 505 confermed kills, most of which were w/ done w/ iron sights to present a smaller target to his enemy. A scope forces you to present a larger target because your head is elevated.
Qoute:The Soviets tried several ploys to get rid of him, including counter-snipers and artillery strikes. On March 6, 1940, Häyhä was shot in the lower left jaw by a Russian soldier during combat. The bullet tumbled upon impact and exited his head. He was picked up by fellow soldiers who said "half his head was missing", but he was not dead: he regained consciousness on March 13, the day peace was declared. Shortly after the war, Häyhä was promoted from Alikersantti (Corporal) to Vänrikki (Second Lieutenant) by Field Marshal Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim. No one else has gained rank so quickly in Finland's military history.
[edit]Later life
Simo Häyhä in 1940 with his jaw deformed due to injury from an enemy bullet.
It took several years for Häyhä to recuperate from his wound. The bullet had crushed his jaw and blown off his left cheek. Nonetheless, he made a full recovery and became a successful moose hunter and dog breeder after World War II, and hunted with Finnish president Urho Kekkonen.
When asked in 1998 how he had become such a good shooter, he answered "Practice." When asked if he regretted killing so many people, he said "I only did my duty, and what I was told to do, as well as I could." Simo Häyhä spent his last years in Ruokolahti, a small village located in southeastern Finland, near the Russian border."
The Boers tore the Brits apart in the Boer war using the 1893 Mauser. Why? They could out range the brits by a few hundred yards w/ only Iron sights. The U.S. developed the 1903 Springfield becase of the beating they took in the Spanish American war. We won, but at a great cost. The Spanards also used the 1893 Mauser.
First, it is a matter of knowing the ballistics of the round and rifle you are using.
Second, being aware of the environment. A wind meter at your position does not tell you the wind at 600 meters downrange- but knowing how to observe the environment will. Dry or humid? 105 degrees or -45 degrees? ALL will affect bullet path.
Third, knowing the dope of your scope, and how to use the equipment you have. Range finding is excellent- but what about shots that are markedly up or down hill? A moving target- how much do you lead? BTW, the target is moving at a 45 degree angle to you. Runiing, walking, strolling?
As for the physics aspects, at certain angles of shooting you need to be aware of the Earth's rotation. Like a pendulum, the bullet will not move with the Earth, so if you're shooting over far distances at a small target, e.g. a head, you need to compensate for that. Also, bullet drop over different angles. The most effective angle to maximize distance/effectiveness for a projectile like a bullet is 30 degrees; if you're on top of a hill with a 30 degree slope, accounting for bullet drop will make you miss your target.
Less "physics" and more "ballistics" that a sniper needs to worry about are things like the widening cone caused by the rifling. A bullet rotates as it comes out of the barrel, and that causes it to start to move in the air instead of going straight. That's why MoAs are relative to distance.
The modern Sniper uses a Cosine Indicator [ACI].:)
I ve got the "STRELOK" app on my phone. Allows you to enter all sorts of information to figure your shot.
I have an idea of my own. I found this out after looking over a selection of Rifle Scopes. I also got some plausible ideas from a video game I bought a while back, called "Sniper Elite V2". First off, what kinda scope do you have? Do you have a Basic Scope with simple old-fashioned crosshairs, a Scope with a mil-dot setup, or a Scope with a Ballistic setup. I prefer the Mildots, cause every dot in elevation stands for 50 yards. Dead center in the crosshairs is 100 yards. The dots that go down the crosshairs means a longer shot, and every mil-dot reads from 100 yards, to 150, then 200, and so on. However, going up means shorter distance, which means 100 to 50, and finally 0. As for windage, I came up with this trick to help me out. Any Hunter or Sniper is going to have more than a scoped rifle, excluding a possible Spotter, it's common sense. They'll need tools of their own, and I came up with an idea to keep track of windage... A Windage Dial, basically a small fan that rotates as the wind passes through, it indicates what direction and speed the wind is going. However, in keeping track of windage on the horizontal portion on the crosshairs, that even trickier from my understanding, since I don't know how to measure wind with mildots. You'll have to calculate speed and direction of windage, as well as the movement of your target. However, windage is perplexing at first, but it's gets simpler as you get use to using the rifle and it's scope. And the idea of the Wind Dial might be a good try. However, I also learned that it's possible that Wind Dials don't exist anymore, but I might be wrong. If I'm right of them not being around, you may have to commission someone to build one for you, but that's if you want to get one; hell, I plan to get one myself.
Now, as for the game I mentioned. "Sniper Elite V2" features physics in the game, which is actually called "Ballistics" when Sniping or Hunting. It may not offer a whole lot of information, might not help at all, but it may help grasp a better idea on tracking Elevation and Windage. The better you get at the game, the better you'll get at using a Scope, from what I understand, and if it even works.
For Simple Crosshaired Scope, that setup is the earliest form of Scoped Shooting, and was updated to Mildot during the 1960's period, when the Cold War and Vietnam War were present. They were only good at 100 yards, and the rotation of the dials for windage and elevation was a key part in Sniping, plus they didn't use spotters during those times.
Ballistics are by far the most recent and revolutionary setup for Scopes, excluding IR Scopes. Calculating windage and elevation was easier to calculate by the crosshairs design. Another thing is that Ballistic Scopes can also zoom farther, from 2 to 8 times the usual magnification. However, the idea of zooming in farther kinda perplexes me, 'cause fro my understanding, you get a clearer and closer view, but it ****s up your calculations for windage and elevation.
Another thing to worry about, which i forgot, is the rifle's Muzzle Velocity, which depends on the ammunition you use, it plays a role in distance because of the powder and grain of the bullet. I suggest getting use to the guns Iron-Sights before using a Scope, it helps a hell loads better if you stay with a certain ammo and getting use to it! Crap, I Monologued again, my bad. Well, hope that helps yah. Seeyah later.
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Copyright ©2000 - 2017, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.


text:
Kisuke is a seemingly cheerful and intelligent Genin of Sunagakure. He has messy blonde hair, cut unevenly. His attire often varies. He's often referred to as "Lightning Boy" by his peers.
Kisuke, was born in inner city of Sunagakure, his mother having died giving birth. His father was a Shinobi for the most part, one who died in the war at the mines. Secluding himself from his peers in his home it took time for the youth to come to terms with this fact before enrolling in the academy himself. At the moment he resides in a home with his blind grandmother.


text:
This work is likely not in the public domain in the US (due to first publication with the required notice after 1922, plus renewal or "restoration" under the GATT/TRIPS amendments), nor in the EU and those countries where the copyright term is life+70 years. However, it is public domain in Canada (where IMSLP is hosted) and in other countries (China, Japan, S. Korea) where the copyright term is life+50 years.
|4 movements
|Composition Year
|Genre Categories
|Sonatas; For flute, piano; Scores featuring the flute; Scores featuring the piano; For 2 players
Complete Score (CA)
*#310411 - 1.28MB, 25 pp. - -) (- V/33/34 - Madcapellan
PDF scanned by Unknown
Madcapellan (2014/1/7)
Flute Part (CA)
*#311088 - 0.40MB, 7 pp. - -) (- V/33/34 - Madcapellan
PDF scanned by Unknown
Madcapellan (2014/1/11)
|Work Title
|Flute Sonata
|Alternative. Title
|Sonate für Flöte und Klavier
|Hindemith, Paul
|4 movements
|Year/Date of CompositionY/D of Comp.
|First Performance.
|1937-4-10 in Washington, D.C.
|First Publication.
|1937 – Mainz: Schott
|Copyright Information
|U.S. copyright status: copyright renewed 1964 (R349689)
|Average DurationAvg. Duration
|14 minutes
|Composer Time PeriodComp. Period
|Piece Style
|flute, piano
|External Links
|Hindemith Foundation
Wikipedia article (German)
Opens and closes in B♭ major (give or take and more or less).
Renewal of 1965 is on title page of my copy of the score (I assume they mean 1964 or that it arrived in the mail in 1965, or somesuch, but in anycase, they do note that on post-1963 prints, it seems and reasonably.) - Schissel


text:
Am looking to be spending at least 6 months in Auckland, living and working,starting around June this year. Whats the best option for accomodation when doing this??
Flat share? ( how difficult is it to arrange this?) Or staying long term in a hostel (is this possible?) Am looking for the cheapest option really as I'm looking to save a bit of money while over there.
Any advice would be much appreciated.


text:
Pink Floyd were filmed in concert a number of times in the early 1970s, and as such footage goes, this was not the best performance nor the most dramatically shot. The show filmed at and broadcast by KQED public television in San Francisco in April 1970, for instance, had more compelling performances, and the more familiar scenes shot for the Live at Pompeii movie were certainly filmed with more cinematic flair. But if you're a serious Pink Floyd fan and want even more, this is certainly a satisfactory, professionally made, five-song, 50-minute concert film of an August 8, 1970 performance at the Saint Tropez Music Festival, originally done for broadcast on the French TV program Pop 2.
Live at The Rose Bowl, Pasadena, California, USA, 16 april 1994. These 2CD is almost definitely the same as "Your Favorite Disease", which therefore also makes it the first Rose Bowl concert.


text:
and finding the one dream girl? like around what age range do you think men want true love and one woman in their life? what do you as a man expect in your life partner?
Most Helpful Guy
I can't speak for all men, but I will look for a wife when I am 28 ang get married at 32. Hopefully she is younger than me too;5-7 years youngeer than me.00|00|0
why do you want someone 5-7 years younger?


text:
Report summaryCalifornia Resources Corporation (CRC) is the most financially stretched operator in our Focused US peer group. Almost from inception, the company has been in survival mode courtesy of the US$6.4 billion debt taken on as part of its late 2014 spin-off from Occidental. The oil price was already declining as the IPO was launched. With no hedging in place to protect against further declines, CRC was left with no option but to abandon growth ambitions and cut capital aggressively. Asset sales have been attempted to de-lever its unsustainable balance sheet, but a moribund M&A market has stymied any deals, contributing to investors concerns over the company's long-term viability.
What's included?
This report includes 2 file(s)
- California Resources corporate report PDF - 441.48 KB 12 Pages, 7 Tables, 10 Figures
- California Resources Corporate Report.xls XLS - 2.89 MB


text:
Ferrari's 2015 Formula 1 victory goals seemed outlandish, but it exceeded them. So why are its bosses "afraid" and "terrified" going into '16? IAN PARKES analyses the Maranello mood...
Continue reading this story for free.Make sure you continue to stay updated with the best motorsport news every month.
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text:
Clue: A.F.L. merger partner
We have 1 answer for the clue A.F.L. merger partner. See the results below.
Possible Answers:
Related Clues:
- A.F.L.'s partner
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- Half of a 1955 merger
- Merger partner of 1955: Abbr.
- Union inits.
- Half of a 1955 merger: Abbr.
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- AFL's partner
- AFL's union partner
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- New York Times - January 13, 2004
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