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Question: Define the following terms relating to communication Communication Effective Communication
Define the following terms relating to communication:
• Communication
• Effective Communication
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• Communication
• Effective Communication
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Answer to relevant QuestionsExplain how a person can become a responsive listener. When it is necessary to communicate corrective feedback, what four guidelines should be applied? List five personality traits and describe how they can affect communication. Describe how to evaluate a training program before purchasing it. List and describe study skills employees should learn before beginning a training program.
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Many homes built before 1990 contain Zonolite insulation and are likely to be contaminated with asbestos. Zonolite is a brand of attic insulation made from contaminated vermiculite. Vermiculite is silver to brown in color and is shaped in small chunks, making it fairly easy to identify. Asbestos is not visible to the naked eye and samples must be sent for testing to determine contamination. Removing Zonolite is considered to be dangerous and potentially health-hazardous, so extreme caution and consideration is urged when attempting removal.
Do-it-Yourself Removal
According to the Mesothelioma and Asbestos Awareness Center, contaminated Zonolite is non-toxic if it is left alone and not disturbed by remodeling or electrical wiring projects. Asbestos is extremely harmful if disturbed and can cause considerable damage even when using extreme caution. If you receive test results indicating that asbestos is present in your insulation and decide to attempt removal yourself, some major considerations should be taken into account. First, you will want to check state and federal regulations on the asbestos abatement and disposal process. You must also obtain permits from state regulators before beginning the removal project. Permits relinquish your legal rights in the instance of harm or damage. Once permits are obtained, special asbestos removal equipment must be purchased in addition to protective gear and apparel. Zonolite insulation must be kept wet at all times during removal to prevent the asbestos from becoming airborne. Once the Zonolite is removed, it should be contained in air-tight storage bins and delivered to an asbestos-specialized landfill. Protective gear and clothing should be disposed of similarly, making sure to remove respirator equipment after all other contaminated items have been safely concealed. The attic area should then be rinsed thoroughly to remove any potentially remaining contamination, and a final testing will need to be performed to ensure that all asbestos has been removed from the area.
Professional Removal
You will need to contact a professional asbestos removal contractor to perform testing that will indicate if asbestos is present in your Zonolite insulation. Once this has been determined, it is strongly recommended to use a professional contractor to conduct the abatement process. Contractors will have all the necessary licensing and equipment as well as the experience of handling a potentially lethal substance. Hiring a contractor can also help avoid costly and dangerous pitfalls that may occur with an inexperienced or ill-equipped novice. If you attempt to remove Zonolite without professional assistance, you may end up paying more than the cost of an initial removal in order to clean up hazardous material that has been spread throughout the home.
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We recently evaluated treadmill aerobic running capacity in 11 inbred strains of rats and found that isolated working left ventricular function correlated (r = 0.86) with aerobic running capacity. Among these 11 strains the Buffalo (BUF) hearts produced the lowest and the DA hearts the highest isolated cardiac output. The goal of this study was to investigate the components of cardiac function (i.e., coronary flow, heart rates, stroke volume, contractile dynamics, and cross-bridge cycling) to characterize further the BUF and DA inbred strains as potential models of contrasting myocardial performance. Cardiac performance was assessed using the Langendorff-Neely working heart preparation. Isolated DA hearts were superior (P< 0.05) to the BUF hearts for cardiac output (63%), stroke volume (60%), aortic +dP/dt (47%), and aortic −dP/dt(46%). The mean α/β-myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform ratio for DA hearts was 21-fold higher relative to BUF hearts. At the steady-state mRNA level, DA hearts had a fivefold higher α/β-ratio than the BUF hearts. The mean rate of ATP hydrolysis by MHCs was 64% greater in DA compared with BUF ventricles. These data demonstrate that the BUF and DA strains can serve as genetic models of contrasting low and high cardiac function.
- aerobic capacity
- myosin heavy chains
- cardiac output
- contractility
energy transfer via aerobic pathways defines a large part of the biology for essentially all multicellular organisms (1, 23, 31). At the systemic level of organization, aerobic capacity is a complex trait in the sense of being a function of the interaction of both genetic and environmental factors (32). Simple additive models of heredity plus environment have been used to estimate the genetic contribution to variance in human aerobic capacity in twins. Klissouras (15) estimated that ∼93% of the interindividual variance in maximal aerobic power was of genetic origin in pairs of monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Bouchard et al. (6) concluded that a genetic component accounts for 70% of the variation in endurance capacity in young adults when measured as the total work performed during a 90-min maximal ergocycle test.
A long-term goal of our laboratory is to define the genetic basis for variation in aerobic exercise capacity in mammals (16). Given the complexity of this trait (30), the use of inbred models can be of special value for two related reasons: 1) genetic and environmental variation can approach minima and2) widely divergent strains can be crossed to produce second filial (F2) populations for use in cosegregation studies (7). In previous work we reported that significant variation exists for endurance running capacity between 11 inbred strains of rats. In addition, we also found that intrinsic cardiac contractility (Langendorff-Neely preparation) correlated (r = 0.86) positively with aerobic running capacity among these 11 inbred strains (2). Specifically, we found that the Buffalo (BUF) rats had the lowest intrinsic isolated heart performance and the DA rats the highest (1.9-fold difference).
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate physiological and biochemical pathways that could account for the difference in intrinsic myocardial capacity between hearts from the BUF and DA inbred strains of rats. Specifically, we investigated the components of cardiac function, including coronary flow, heart rate, stroke volume, contractile dynamics, and cross-bridge cycling to characterize these strains as potential genetic models of contrasting myocardial capacity. Because increased cross-bridge (i.e., actomyosin) cycling is associated with a higher α/β-myosin heavy chain (MHC) ratio, differences in the α/β-MHC were investigated at both the protein and mRNA levels (13, 17, 27). In addition, the rates of gamma phosphate hydrolysis were investigated in MHCs isolated from the left ventricles of BUF and DA rats.
The BUF (BUF/NHsd) and DA (DA/OlaHsd) strains were purchased from Harlan Sprague Dawley (Indianapolis, IN) at 7–8 wk of age (18 rats per strain). When not being studied, the rats were housed two per cage and only age- and sex-matched rats of the same strain shared a cage. The rats were provided food and water ad libitum and placed on a 12:12-h light-dark cycle, with the light cycle occurring during the daytime. All procedures were carried out with approval from our Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and were conducted in accordance with the Guiding Principles in the Care and Use of Animals, as approved by the Council of the American Physiological Society.
Estimation of Isolated Cardiac Performance
Preparation of the heart.
Isolated heart performance was measured in 13-wk-old rats using the Langendorff-Neely isolated working heart preparation (2,22). Heparin sodium (300 IU) was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg body wt ip). The heart was extirpated via a sternotomy and rapidly placed in chilled Krebs-Henseleit buffer. Subsequently, the aorta was cannulated, and retrograde perfusion was initiated with oxygenated buffer solution.
Perfusion of the working heart.
Isolated working heart function was assessed as described in detail previously (2). Briefly, retrograde perfusion through the aorta was initiated at a pressure of 80 mmHg within <1 min after the abdominal cavity was opened. During the subsequent 15 min of equilibration, a cannula, connected to an oxygenated reservoir set at a fixed filling pressure of 15 mmHg, was inserted into the left atrium. After equilibration, anterograde perfusion was initiated at a preload of 15 mmHg and an afterload of 70 mmHg. Aortic flow was collected from the side arm of the afterload column, and coronary effluent was collected from the pulmonary artery every 10 min for 1 min for a total of six volume measurements per heart. In addition, heart rate and the rate of increase and decrease (±dP/dt) of aortic pressure with each heart beat were measured with a Statham pressure transducer (model P23dB) attached to the aortic cannula. The analog signal from the pressure transducer was amplified with a Sensormedics R-611 polygraph (Anaheim, CA). The amplified signal was sampled at 250 Hz by a PO-NE-MAH digital data-acquisition and archiving system (Storrs, CT) and stored on disk for subsequent analysis. This included heart rate and aortic pressure measurements corresponding to the duration of each aortic and coronary volume measurement.
Perfusion medium.
Hearts were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonated buffer that was aerated with 95% O2–5% CO2 at 37°C (pH 7.4). Concentrations were as follows (in mM): 118 NaCl, 4.7 KCl, 2.25 CaCl2, MgSO4, 1.2 KH2PO4, 0.32 EGTA, 25 NaHCO3, and 11 d-glucose.
Determination of the Ratio of Left Ventricular α/β-MHC mRNA
MHC mRNA analysis.
Total RNA was isolated from left ventricular tissue obtained from male DA and BUF rats (n = 6 for each strain) at 13 wk of age. Tissue was homogenized in a guanidine thiocyanate-phenol solution (Ultraspec II, Biotecx, Austin, TX) at 1 ml/0.2 g tissue using a polytron (Brinkmann, PT 3000). The homogenate was extracted with chloroform, and the upper aqueous layer was removed, mixed with isopropanol (0.5 volumes), and 0.05 vol RNA Tack resin (Biotecx) was added. The resin was mixed, pelleted, and washed twice with 75% ethanol. RNA was eluted in diethyl pyrocarbonate-treated water. RNA concentration and quality was determined by absorbance at 260 and 280 nm. Only RNA samples having an A260/A280 ratio between 1.8 and 2.0 were used in this study. RNA integrity was monitored by electrophoresis in 1% agarose gels under denaturing conditions.
cDNA synthesis.
cDNA was synthesized by the following procedure. Five micrograms total RNA was heat denatured for 10 min at 70°C, chilled on ice, and reverse transcribed for 1 h at 42°C in a 20-μl reaction containing 50 mM Tris · HCl, 75 mM KCl, 3 mM MgCl2,0.5 mM dNTP, 10 mM dithiothreitol, 0.5 μg oligo (dT)20, and 200 U Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus reverse transcriptase (Super Script II, GIBCO-BRL, Gaithersburg, MD). cDNAs were normalized within a linear PCR range using the housekeeping gene glyceraldehyde-3′-phosphate (GAPDH).
PCR amplification of MHCs.
α- and β-MHC cDNAs were concomitantly amplified using a single primer set that was designed to bind to identical sequences in both MHC cDNAs. For α-MHC, this region spanned from nucleotide (nt) 4718 to nt 5060, and, for β-MHC, this region spanned from nt 4688 to nt 5030 (19). The resulting 342-bp PCR product was amplified using the following primer set: 5′-CGA GCC CAG CTG GAG TTC AA and 5′-CGA TGG CGA TGT TCT CCT TC. Equal amounts of normalized cDNA were PCR amplified in a total volume of 25 μl containing 1.5 mM MgCl2, 2.5 mM stock dNTP, 1 unit of Taq polymerase, and 10.0 pmol of each oligonucleotide primer. PCR reactions were overlaid with mineral oil, and 25 cycles of PCR were performed in a PTC-100–96VAg thermocycler (MJ Research, Watertown, MA) using the following program: 5 min at 94°C plus 25 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 45 s, annealing at 55°C for 45 s, and extension at 72°C for 1.5 min. A final extension at 72°C for 5 min was included to ensure that all reactions were completed. The α- and β-MHC cDNA ratio was determined by restriction digestion of the amplified product withBstX1. This digestion cleaved only the β-MHC cDNA (the restriction site located at nt 4912 in the β-MHC as numbered in the β-cDNA according to Ref. 19). PCR products were diluted to a volume of 50 μl and digested for 1–2 h at 37°C with 40 units of BstX1 (Gibco-BRL) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Overnight (16 h) BstX1 restriction digestion products were not different from the 1- to 2-h digestion products. Restriction-digested DNA was fractionated electrophoretically on a 4% agarose gel and photographed using positive/negative film (Polaroid). Negatives were scanned using a Hewlett Packard Scan-Jet 3C, and the intensity of the signals was determined using National Institutes of Health Image Analysis software (National Center for Biotechnological Information, Bethesda, MD). Discernment of the α/β-MHC cDNA ratio was independent of the amount of cDNA amplified or the number of cycles used, because the primers were complimentary to both cDNAs; the amplified PCR products were the same size and the PCR product sequences nearly identical. In addition, although not shown, α/β-mRNA ratios were measured using an RNAse Protection Assay (RPA) kit (Ambion, Austin, TX). A 210-bp portion of the 3′ untranslated region of β-MHC was amplified using the following primers (5′-CCAACACCAACCTGTCCAAGTTC, 5′-GGTGCTGTTTCAAAGGCTCCAG), cloned into the pCRII plasmid (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA), and used as a protection probe for α/β-MHC mRNAs. With this experimental design, only 126 bp of α-MHC mRNA was complementary to the 210-bp β-MHC probe.
MHC ATPase activity and MHC protein analysis.
MHCs were isolated from left ventricular tissue obtained from male DA (n = 6) and BUF rats (n = 6) at 13 wk of age. Ventricular tissues were homogenized in 10 vol of extraction buffer of the following composition (in mM): 100 Na4P2O7 (pH 8.8), 5 EGTA, and 2 β-mercaptoethanol at 2°C (11). Homogenates were centrifuged at 48,000 g, and the supernatant was mixed with an equal volume of glycerol (11). MHC ATPase was measured using the metal fluoride complex inhibition technique (24) on samples homogenized and centrifuged in sodium pyrophosphate extraction buffer (11). MHC ATPase activity was measured in triplicate in the presence and absence of a metal fluoride by diluting the MHC solution 1:50 with a reaction buffer containing either 50 mM MOPS (pH 7.4), 5 mM ATP, 4 mM MgCl2, or a trapping buffer containing 50 mM MOPS (pH 7.4), 5 mM ATP, 4 mM MgCl2, 0.4 mM ADP, and 10 mM NaF (24) for 6 min at 37°C. Control reactions were treated identically to those incubated with reaction buffer, except they were maintained at 0°C to determine basal inorganic phosphate generated from the Na4P2O7 extraction buffer. Reactions were terminated by the addition of 1 ml of 20% trichloroacetic acid, and inorganic phosphate was measured as the amount of heteropolymolybdenum at a wavelength of 660 nm as described by Fiske and Subbarow (7a). The final MHC ATPase activity was determined by subtracting trapped and controls values from reaction values.
MHC SDS-PAGE analysis.
Left ventricular tissue was prepared as described by Blough et al. (4) and separated electrophoretically as described by Talmadge and Roy (27). In brief, six hearts from each strain were placed in a cold relaxing solution of the following composition (in mM): 2.0 EGTA, 4.4 Mg ATP, 10 imidazole, 1.0 Mg2+, and 180 KCl, pH 7.00. Left ventricular tissue was dissected, weighed, and placed in 10 vol glycerated relaxing solution that was prepared by adding 50% (vol/vol) glycerol and leupeptin (5 μl/ml) to the relaxing solution. Samples were homogenized on ice for 30 s and mixed 1:40 with sample preparation buffer containing the following: 8 M urea, 2 M thiourea, 0.05 M Tris base, 0.075 M β-mercaptoethanol, 3% (wt/vol) SDS, and 0.004% (wt/vol) bromophenol blue, at pH 6.8 (4). Samples were heated for 5 min at 100°C before loading onto gels. SDS-PAGE was performed on 0.75-mm-thick vertical slab gels (Mini-Protean II Dual Slab cell electrophoretic system, BioRad, Hercules, CA) as described by Talmadge and Roy (27). The stacking gels consisted of 30% glycerol, 4% acrylamide-N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (50:1), 70 mM Tris (pH 6.7), 4 mM EDTA, and 0.4% SDS. The resolving gels were composed of 30% glycerol, 8% acrylamide-N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (50:1), 0.2 M Tris (pH8.8), 0.1 M glycine, and 0.4% SDS. The upper tank buffer consisted of 0.1 M Tris (base), 150 mM glycine, and 0.1% SDS. The lower buffer consisted of 50 mM Tris (base), 75 mM glycine, and 0.05% SDS. The pH of the buffers was not adjusted. One to five microliters of sample was loaded into each well and run overnight (16 h) at 4°C under constant voltage (70 V). After electrophoresis, the gels were stained for 3 h at 50°C using Coomassie brilliant blue (R250, Bio-Rad). The α/β-MHC ratio for each strain was determined by scanning the gels and analysis using the NIH-Image program using a Hewlett-Packard Scan-Jet 3C/T scanner.
Data Analyses
Hemodynamic parameters, isoform percentages, and MHC ATPase activities were initially tested for homogeneity of variance using a Levene test. Statistical significance for hemodynamic parameters and isoform percentages were determined using either a Student'st- or Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test. Significant differences in MHC ATPase activity were determined using a one-way analysis of variance. All statistical tests were performed using SPSS statistical software. The 1% level of confidence was arbitrarily used for assigning a difference as significant, and data are presented as means ± SE.
DA hearts produced an average output of 62 ± 3 ml · min−1 · g heart wt−1 and BUF hearts produced an average output of 38 ± 2 ml · min−1 · g heart wt−1. This represents a 63% difference in intrinsic cardiac output between DA and BUF rats (P < 0.01).
The DA rats had coronary flows that averaged 25.5 ± 1 ml · min−1 · g heart wt−1tissue and were not statistically different from those of BUF rats, which had coronary flows that averaged 22.8 ± 1 ml · min−1 · g heart wt−1. The mean intrinsic heart rates of DA rats (304 ± 3 beats/min) and BUF rats (303 ± 5 beats/min) were also not statistically different. There was, however, a significant difference in average stroke volume between these two strains. DA hearts ejected 202 ± 10 μl · beat−1 · g heart wt−1, whereas BUF hearts ejected 126 ± 6 μl · beat−1 · g heart wt−1(P < 0.01).
The rate of rise in aortic pressure (+dP/dt) produced by left ventricular ejection was significantly (P < 0.01) faster for DA hearts compared with BUF hearts (+1,042 ± 32 vs. +708 ± 40 mmHg/s). The rate of aortic pressure diminution during diastole (−dP/dt) was also significantly (P< 0.01) faster for DA hearts compared with BUF hearts (−925 ± 60 vs. −632 ± 70 mmHg/s).
Figure 1 A shows a representative acrylamide gel demonstrating the separation of left ventricular α- and β-MHC from BUF and DA. Figure 1 Billustrates the average relative percentage of α- and β-MHC protein expressed in six BUF and six DA left ventricular tissue samples. For DA left ventricular tissue, α-MHC represents 92 ± 1.1% of all MHC protein present in the left ventricle. Conversely, for BUF left ventricular tissue, α-MHC represents 36 ± 2.1% of the total amount of expressed MHC. Therefore, the ratio of cardiac α/β-MHC for BUF and DA was 0.56 and 11.5, respectively (P < 0.01).
Figure 2 A illustrates a representative 4% agarose gel demonstrating the fractionation of steady-state α- and β-mRNAs after PCR product digestion withBstX1. For DA rats, the percentage of steady state α-MHC mRNA found in the left ventricle (94.5 ± 0.63%) was similar to the percentage of α-MHC protein (92 ± 1.1%). In addition, steady-state β-MHC mRNA (5.5 ± 0.66%) was also similar to the percentage of β-MHC protein (8.0 ± 1.0%). Conversely, for BUF ventricular samples, the percentage of steady state α-MHC mRNA (77.5 ± 0.78%) was disproportionate to the percentage of α-MHC protein (36 ± 2.1%). In addition, the percentage of β-MHC steady-state mRNA (22.5 ± 0.8%) did not correspond to the percentage of β-MHC protein (64 ± 0.5%). Nevertheless, BUF ventricles had significantly higher steady-state β-MHC mRNA levels compared with DA (22.5 ± 0.8 vs. 5.48 ± 0.66%). Therefore, similar to the α/β-MHC protein ratio, a significant difference (P < 0.01) in the steady-state α/β-MHC mRNA ratio between the BUF and DA ventricles was observed (3.4 and 17.1, respectively). The relative amounts of α and β, as determined by RPA, were comparable with those obtained using RT-PCR (data not shown).
Figure 3 illustrates the mean rate of ATP hydrolysis by MHCs taken from left ventricular tissue from male DA and BUF rats (n = 6 for each strain). On average, MHC ATPase from DA hearts hydrolyzed ATP at a rate significantly faster (P < 0.01) than MHC ATPase derived from BUF rats. Therefore, the difference in MHC ATPase activity between BUF and DA is consistent with difference in α/β-MHC protein present in the left ventricles of these strains (Fig. 1).
This study evaluated physiological and biochemical pathways that may account for the difference in isolated cardiac function between the BUF and DA strains of rats. More importantly, this study further characterized these strains as potential contrasting genetic models of myocardial performance. First, at the organ physiological level, we confirmed our previous observation (2) that hearts from DA rats produce a greater output per gram of tissue at a constant preload (15 mmHg) and afterload (70 mmHg) compared with hearts from BUF rats (1.6-fold difference; P < 0.01). Separating cardiac output into its components of coronary flow, heart rate, and stroke volume revealed that differences in isolated cardiac output were due to differences in stroke volume between hearts from the two strains. Moreover, because cardiac output was measured under constant preload and afterload conditions (i.e., no change in initial fiber length) (3, 14), the differences in cardiac output were interpreted as differences in intrinsic contractility.
Although myocardial contractility is an aggregate of multiple factors, it is determined primarily by intrinsic mechanical properties related to generation of force and velocity (10, 14). Specifically, myocardial performance is influenced by 1) the number of cross bridges formed between actin and myosin and2) the velocity at which high-energy phosphates are converted into mechanical energy by MHC ATPase (14, 21). During isolated working heart conditions, DA hearts had faster inotropic and lusitropic velocities compared with BUF hearts. Nonetheless, it is important to note that due to the limiting characteristics of our system (i.e., elastic and inertial factors) and the resultant dynamic error caused by these factors, the inotropic and lusitropic velocities obtained underestimate the absolute velocities. However, irrespective of this, detectable differences in the relative inotropic and lusitropic velocities were observed. Therefore, because the MHC-ATPase affects cross-bridge cycling (14), it is a logical candidate to explain the relative differences in inotropy and lusitropy between the strains. Indeed, the 1.64-fold higher MHC ATPase activity in DA hearts, compared with BUF, should result in more actomyosin cycles per unit time and produce a greater contractility.
Although a measurable amount of α-MHC mRNA was transcribed in the hearts of BUF rats, it was not translated into a proportionate amount of α-MHC protein in this strain (Fig. 1). This suggests that for the BUF strain, there is a difference at either the posttranscriptional and/or translational level that is responsible for the incongruity between steady-state mRNA and protein. The functional extension of this divergence is evidenced by the significant difference found at the protein level (Fig. 1) and the corresponding difference in MHC ATPase activity observed between these inbred strains (Fig. 3). This partly explains the divergence in intrinsic cardiac function between BUF and DA because the MHC ATPase reaction will affect the cycling of actomyosin.
Numerous studies have demonstrated that α-MHC is associated with enhanced myocardial contractility (11, 28, 29) and β-MHC is associated with decreased contractility (18, 20, 28). Specifically, shifts from α-MHC to β-MHC have been reported in rat left ventricular tissue secondary to a variety of conditions, including diabetes mellitus (18, 28), hypothyroidism (20), hypertension (25), aging (5), experimental aortic banding (13), and thyroidectomy (13). In contrast, reversion from β-MHC to α-MHC has been demonstrated in rats subsequent to aerobic exercise conditioning (29), palmatoylcarnitine transferase I blockade (28), and orchiectomy (28). In humans, recent studies have demonstrated that decreased myocardial performance in the failing heart was associated with α- to β-MHC conversion (13, 17). Although these above described conditions are known to produce shifts in the prevalence of the α- and β-MHC isoforms, natural variation of these cardiac MHC isoforms has not been previously described in age-matched animals. For normal adult rats (9–15 wk old), α-MHC makes up >90% of all left ventricular MHCs (13, 17), a value comparable to the percentage found in the DA strain. However, the percentage of α-MHC found in the BUF left ventricle is considerably less than expected for a 13-wk-old rat. Therefore, these differences are important because they represent a natural, presumably heritable, variation in MHC expression that differs from previously described variances in α/β-MHC expression known to occur secondary to environmental alterations such as exercise conditioning (12), diabetes (8), high-carbohydrate diet (26), thyroidectomy (13), and gonadectomy (9).
The significance of this work relates to recent reports of α/β-MHC conversion in the human failing heart (17). Lowes and colleagues (17) observed that human non-failing hearts expressed significant amounts of α-MHC. In addition, Lowes demonstrated that the majority of α-MHC was converted to β-MHC as a consequence of heart failure (17). Therefore, α/β-MHC conversion is a likely candidate responsible for decreased systolic myocardial function in the failing heart (17). However, the mechanism responsible for this conversion is unknown. Therefore, identifying inbred animal models with a natural, heritable disparity in α/β-MHC isoform expression, may help identify the mechanism(s) influencing MHC isoform prevalence. For example, the BUF rat strain may carry genes that specifically reduce the prevalence of α-MHC and could help define risk factors in humans. Therefore, because the BUF and DA rats strains have contrasting phenotypes for myocardial function, they provide a suitable substrate for studying the molecular mechanism(s) underlining the pathophysiology of the failing heart. Furthermore, understanding the natural, heritable disparity in MHC isoform expression between these strains may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the failing heart.
The authors are grateful to S. L. Britton for providing guidance to the Functional Genomics Laboratory. We thank M. Miller Jasper for secretarial assistance in preparation of the manuscript.
This work was supported by a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grant HL-64270 to S. L. Britton.
Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: G. T. Cicila, Dept. of Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Ohio, 3035 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614-5804 (E-mail:gcicila{at}mco.edu).
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
- Copyright © 2002 the American Physiological Society


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Your gift supports Creative Alliance's many free and low-cost programs including our youth education classes, family art workshops, the Great Halloween Lantern Parade, and more. Thank you for helping to make Baltimore a vibrant and culturally inclusive city! Please complete the form below and click "submit" to make your tax-deductible donation.
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A Detailed Look at San Antonio's Fight Against Distracted Driving
April is Distracted Driving Awareness Month, and today on the blog, we take a look at the San Antonio city ordinance banning the use of cellphones and hand-held devices and curb the number of wrongful deaths resulting from distracted driving.
Background about the Ordinance
In the fall of 2014, the San Antonio City Council voted to implement a city ordinance that effectively banned the use of all hand-held devices while driving. The city ordinance went into effect on January 1, 2015.
While it was already illegal for drivers to use their phone while driving in school zones, the new ordinance expanded the law to include all parts of the city. The ban included talking on the phone, texting, viewing emails and photos, and using smartphone applications while driving – even if the driver of the vehicle was stopped at a stop sign, red light, or stuck in traffic.
Details About the San Antonio City Ordinance
The specific actions that are banned by the city ordinance in San Antonio include:
- Engaging in a call – talking to, dialing, or listening on a hand-held device.
- Hand-held device – text-messaging device, or other two-way electronic device.
Someone may use the phone if:
- Hands-free device – phones with hands-free features (including Bluetooth and headphones) are exempt from the ban.
- Drivers are allowed to use GPS navigation on their smartphones so long as the phone is somehow affixed to the vehicle.
- Emergency phone calls are also exempt from the ban.
- On private property or legally parked.
Why Was the Ban Implemented?
According to San Antonio police Chief William McManus, the ban was originally implemented to promote safe driving, as well as to make it easier for authorities to know when someone was using their phone while operating a motor vehicle.
A violation of the ban can result in a citation and a fine of up to $200.
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$2 MillionExpenses: $78,475.96 | Attorneys Fees: $850,087.96 | Net to Client: $1,071,436.00
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Tag: game time
6th Annual Shoes to Fill Toy Drive December 12th
Please join us for the Holidays as it is all about giving Back Dec 12th Toy Drive Inglewood High School – 10am – 4pm: 8 middle school teams will compete in a round robin tournament – 4pm: VBL vs LAPD – VBL stars and celebrity guests Dec 19 th at Glady's Park Skid Row – 3 on […]
#VBLPLAYOFFS – Who wants it the MOST
The 2015 Venice Basketball League regular season has come to an end….. But that means the VBL Playoffs are here!!! The Venice Beach take over continues for two more weekends! Here is our jam packed upcoming schedule: Saturday, August 22nd — Quarterfinals: Play-In Games 11:30am Panda's Friend vs Ballerz World 12:00pm Mean Ones vs […]
VBL Week 8 Battle of the Undefeated!! HOF VS Future Legends
KVBL Free for ALL kids 9am- 11.30am Here are the 5 game series matchups !! Game faces ON 11.30 pm – Pandas Friend VS Overthrown 12.45pm – United Nationz VS The Corporation 2 pm – Mean Ones VS Ballerz World 3.30pm – Future Legends VS Hall of Fame 5pm – Sunblock VS Swagg Media Here […]
VBL week 6 Recap and week 7 preview
Week 7 Sunday July 19th KVBL 9.30am – Noon 12pm – Overthrown VS Swagg Media 1.30pm – Mean Ones VS Kings Academy 3pm – United Nationz VS Sunblock 4pm – I'm just Different VS Future Legends
Video Recap + photos from Week 5 Action
#1 rule of the VBL is if you get dunked on you must sit down for 2 minutes Photos speak louder than words


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Free Download APK Android Splendor
The OFFICIAL digital adaptation of the best-selling board game Splendor. The goal of the game is to build the most impressive jewel trade and become the best-known merchant in the world. The player with the most prestige points wins the game.
The digital version of Splendor truthfully adapts all the various elements of the Space Cowboys' award-winning board game.
Solo mode and pass-and-play mode, 2 to 4 players.
Multiple types of Artificial Intelligence, based on unique strategy behaviors instead of difficulty.
Excellent interactive tutorial to teach the game and digital interface.
Worldwide leaderboards by connecting with a Days of Wonder account.
"Renaissance" graphical and musical ambiance.
Splendor introduces a special game mode, called Challenges. Challenges are like chess puzzles. They put the player in a preset situation and challenge him or her to achieve a specific goal. The goal could be a number of points to earn, or a special card or combination to collect. Some goals need to be accomplished in a limited number of turns or in a limited time. Some goals could be trying to stick to an ideal path.
APK Requirements and Details:
Android Version Required: 4.0 and higher versions of Android Smartphones and Tablets
Required Storage Space: 95 MB or more
Internet connection NOT required to play
APK ID: com.daysofwonder.Splendor.gp
Latest Game Version: 2.1.0
Genre: Board
Price: €1,99 with NO In-App Purchases
Ads? NO
Installation Instructions:
- Download one of the [APK] files below (the MOD version is the HACKED game) OR try the [Google Play] version;
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- Download the proper [GAME CACHE] file;
- Extract it (if you are on mobile, use your file manager to reach your Downloads folder, then find the game cache file, keep pressing on the .zip file for about 1-2 seconds and a menu will appear, then select "Extract");
- Move the folder containing the .obb file into: sdcard/Android/obb/ (if you don't have a microSD then move it to: Android/obb/ and if you don't see the "obb" folder inside "Android", just create it!);
- Launch the game and have fun with Splendor !
Free Download Splendor APK Android
Broken Link? Outdated Version? Report it! Want us to make a custom MOD for you? Visit our dedicated Forum!
[GAME CACHE] [77.5 MB] [v2.1.0]
[GAME CACHE] [77.5 MB] [v2.0.2]
[GAME CACHE] [77.4 MB] [v2.0.0]
[GAME CACHE] [74.4 MB] [v1.2.0]
[APK+DATA] [Google Play] [Paid Game]
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How much alcohol do you buy? A comparison of self-reported alcohol purchases with actual sales
Version of Record online: 9 FEB 2010
DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02839.x
© 2010 The Author. Journal compilation © 2010 Society for the Study of Addiction
Volume 105, Issue 4, pages 649–654, April 2010
Additional Information
How to Cite
Ramstedt, M. (2010), How much alcohol do you buy? A comparison of self-reported alcohol purchases with actual sales. Addiction, 105: 649–654. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02839.x
Publication History
- Issue online: 10 MAR 2010
- Version of Record online: 9 FEB 2010
- Submitted 10 July 2009; initial review completed 18 September 2009; final version accepted 9 October 2009
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text: Sorting type: Most visited Most visited Alphabetical | Pages in category "Carolinesworld" Earth Boy Samson Zion Eaton Retrieved from "http://creativityunleashed.wikia.com/wiki/Category:Carolinesworld?oldid=20606" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Categories: User Category Add category Cancel Save


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Since the 2008 financial crisis, Hong Kong's residential property prices have almost doubled and are now ranked as the highest in the world. The main reasons have been the increased capital flows into Hong Kong as a result of global quantitative easing measures and the persistently low interest-rate environment.
Exacerbating the problem has been the rise in the value of the yuan against the Hong Kong dollar, prompting a seemingly endless flow of cash across the border, inundating the local property market and turning it into a heavily investment-oriented marketplace.
All these factors, plus the perennial local demand, created favourable conditions for prices to keep going up.
At the end of 2010, the previous administration implemented special stamp duties to curb rising prices. But they only had a temporary effect and, since the beginning of last year, house prices have again been on an upward trend.
After Leung Chun-ying took over as chief executive last July, his measures to curb prices have had the opposite effect and significantly boosted the prices of second-hand Home Ownership Scheme flats.
Last November, the government stepped up cooling measures by introducing a special stamp duty and a buyer's stamp duty. Then, in February, a double stamp duty was implemented on non-residential premises in a bid to curb prices in the commercial sector, including car parking spaces.
Overall, the local property sector has been badly affected by these measures, which have reduced transactions, stirring an outcry from property agents. Even tycoon Li Ka-shing voiced his discontent, warning that a property market led by the government implies a certain amount of policy risk. He said that more negative effects of the price-cooling measures would gradually surface next year and warned that he could not foresee what direction the market would take in the near future. Leung's property cooling measures not only go against free-market principles; they are also senseless - it's like drinking poison to quench your thirst.
The measures have only served to pull the plug on market movement and have not been effective in bringing down prices. The government has made a wrong diagnosis; it doesn't seem to understand that the real issue is housing, not property acquisition and the only solution is to provide a large number of public housing units. Private units are for investment and thus the level of supply is determined by demand.
The price-curbing measures have artificially increased the cost of transactions. They are supposed to hit speculators, but in the end they will also have an impact on genuine buyers who are non-permanent residents. No wonder the market is stagnant.
In fact, the most effective way to curb speculation is to impose a capital gains tax on properties. This will directly affect those who don't buy for personal use. It will prevent short-term speculative gains and will not affect genuine buyers and long-term investors. This tax will not only prevent speculation, it will also safeguard Hong Kong's long-held core value of a free-market economy.
Ironically, those who are against these tough property-cooling measures seem unwilling to defend our free-market economy and have only come up with excuses to press the government to lift the sanctions. One example is legislator Abraham Razack, a much-maligned mouthpiece for property tycoons.
This week, the Legislative Council resumed examining property-cooling measures. Razack quietly altered his original amendment demanding an exemption for companies operated by local residents and charities - to exclude charities - after he realised it would place serious restrictions on corporate buyers.
When he first made the amendment, he claimed to be defending the interests of the common man rather than protecting those of property tycoons. Now, however, it's clear he's not standing up for the people or their individual rights.
If his amendment is approved, it won't really affect the measures. And if it's rejected, it will make Leung and his government look good, as if they were going against the wishes of the property tycoons to impose tough measures.
The only real beneficiary in all this would be charities, because they are genuine long-term investors. In any case, Razack's strategy is a win-win situation for him. He can fulfil his role as the political agent of property tycoons while appearing to stand up for the people.
His ruse seems to have the support not only of the pro-government camp, but also some of the pan-democrats. It's puzzling why they have fallen for it. If pan-democrats want to reject the government's overly harsh property-cooling measures, they should do so on the basis of safeguarding our free-market economy, and for no other reason.
Albert Cheng King-hon is a political commentator. email@example.com [1]


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Our Message: You Can Solve Your Problems & Change Your Life by Escaping America for a Better Life and Love Overseas! Discover Friendlier Foreign Women, Authentic People and Saner Cultures, Lower Cost Living, Healthier Food, Greater Freedoms and More!
Taiwan is Boring, Repressed, Loveless, etc.
Discuss culture, living, traveling, relocating, dating or anything related to the Asian countries - China, The Philippines, Thailand, etc.
Moderators: fschmidt, jamesbond
To Repatriate and Swincor
Repatriate, Swincor,
Guess what!? The other day, at a cheap buffet, I saw a hot tall and skinny Taiwanese girl with a chubby guy with sloppy hair and a retarded face! How can that be? He looked far less attractive than me even! You ever see that before? How do you explain that?
I think I've seen such couples several times. This wasn't the first. I would have liked to snap a picture of them to show you, but probably not appropriate.
This was at a cheap buffet too that costs only 120 NT per ticket, so I doubt that guy was rich.
So anyway, how do you explain that? I thought you said that "uncle types" repel girls here?
And Swincor, if he can get a hot TW girl, why can't I? How do you know whether things wouldn't change for me if I "broke into" or "plugged in" some clique or network here? Why are you so cynical about my chances, when guys less attractive than me can get chicks here?
To Repatriate:
Questions for you.
You said that once you "plug in" the rest is effortless. But isn't there an obvious fallacy in that? I mean that assumes that any clique you break into will have an ever flowing supply of single women you desire. That's not necessarily the case. If all the women in a clique are taken or not your type, you're still out of luck.
So why didn't you account for that? You made it out to sound like once you have friends, your potential for meeting girls will be ever flowing. Did you mean to say that?
One more thing. If Taiwan is a very open and sociable place, then how come the Taiwanese see America as more open, wild, extroverted and expressive than their own culture? Rock didn't have an answer for this one. Do you?
Check out the latest posts in our blog The Happier Abroaders.
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"It takes far less effort to find and move to the society that has what you want than it does to try to reconstruct an existing society to match your standards." - Harry Browne, How I Found Freedom in an Unfree World
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Never pay attention to anything that any woman says, ever. In any country.
Look at what they DO.
Kudos! Excellent point!
Consider the fact that you've only seen this rarely. But if you really want to snap photos like that, hang out at department store basement restaurants/food courts in Taichung. If you're lucky you might spot 50+ year old uncle with 18 year old hottie flirting with him and feeding him by hand. Man, I was thinking "uncle! will you be my sifu!" and carolyne was probably cringing at the sight.
Btw, my dad told me that on the Taiwan news, it said that 37 percent of young people in Taiwan can't find a date cause they work too much or don't have the time to meet people. And also that Taiwan now has the lowest birth rate in the world.
Why is that?
And how can that be, when intelligent people like Repatriate and Rock say that it's a very open and sociable culture?
Check out the latest posts in our blog The Happier Abroaders.
Don't forget my HA Grand Ebook and Dating Sites!
"It takes far less effort to find and move to the society that has what you want than it does to try to reconstruct an existing society to match your standards." - Harry Browne, How I Found Freedom in an Unfree World
Huh? Sifu means martial arts teacher. What do you mean?
Also, didn't you tell me that if I took out a camera and took pictures of people in Taiwan, that someone might come and beat me up? lol
So what is your explanation? How do you find girls in Taiwan who don't care about age? Are there poor villages in Taiwan where the girls are open and willing to latch on to you?
Check out the latest posts in our blog The Happier Abroaders.
Don't forget my HA Grand Ebook and Dating Sites!
"It takes far less effort to find and move to the society that has what you want than it does to try to reconstruct an existing society to match your standards." - Harry Browne, How I Found Freedom in an Unfree World
Sifu or Shifu in Pinyin does not just apply to a master of martial arts. It can be used as a term of respect for a teacher or mentor in any one of a number of disciplines (including pick-up I suppose).
Anything is possible. But the very old guy with the young girl is not a very common sight, at least in the parts of Taipei that I frequent. However, I do see a fair number of visually mismatched couples of similar age (ugly/short/skinny guy with hot girl or handsome guy with ugly/dumpy girl).
It could be (just a speculation) that some uncles may pick-up gals from KTV or other P4P joints by spending big on them, at least in the early stages. As time passes, it's not impossible for the girl to develop some feelings for the guy, perhaps as the sweet father figure who takes care of her and understands her needs.
The uncle could also be some sort of local big shot or influential type which might attract some girls (power attracts). Keep in mind that some rich guys esp. outside Taipei, may look poor (dirty or sloppy clothes/beatle nut stained teeth/hanging out in cheap places sometimes)
I don't know for sure though.
I focus on Taipei which I believe is different from where you spend the majority of your time when in Taiwan. If I go to the right areas in Taipei, I can see hundreds, perhaps even thousands of fashionable modern style young girls hanging around. If I go to office areas, I see hordes of attractive office ladies out and about every week-day during the lunch hour. College ares like Shi Da and Tai Da are full of cute students. Go out after 10 pm, esp. on the week-ends to Warner area or 24 hour Eslite Bookstore and you will see crowds of young women everywhere. Ximending has flocks of teenagers (many 18-19) and even a few who are available for the local oldsters who wanna pay them (so I hear). What do you see in Chiayi? And how much time you spend in the best areas instead of way out where your folks live?
And I don't remember saying that Taiwan has very open and sociable culture. And even if I did that was besides the point. My key theme has always been that some guys who can't get female attention in the States or Europe can score big in Taipei.
Final point Read Ladislavs recent submission about Russia. In one part, it says something to the effect that Russians are very grim and rarely smile. But your experience and perception was the opposite, que no? So you see, different people may get vastly different treatment and feelings about a given country. For you, Taiwan is social hell. For some others, its something else.
Btw Momopi, most Taiwanese guys are not good looking at all. They are either average or nerdy looking. Most guys I see with hot girls in Taiwan aren't better looking than me. So it's not that rare.
The girl is hot and skinny, while the guy is very plain, nerdy or very average.
Check out the latest posts in our blog The Happier Abroaders.
Don't forget my HA Grand Ebook and Dating Sites!
"It takes far less effort to find and move to the society that has what you want than it does to try to reconstruct an existing society to match your standards." - Harry Browne, How I Found Freedom in an Unfree World
Re: To Repatriate and Swincor
So what? I've seen this before in the U.S. as well. Who knows what the situation is. They could have been childhood sweethearts, he could be filthy rich, or maybe they just have perfect personality compatibility, or they could be just close friends. Who knows? It happens occasionally. It's also not strange for super hot women to have a lot of guy "friends" who sort of just hang around and do things for her while she leads them on.
The problem is Winston you take a couple exceptions (without knowing the details) and make grand standing sweeping assumptions. I've seen you do this more than once and it's almost always been hasty in your generalizations.
The thing is to make friends and socialize with people who have lots of friends in general and can introduce you to a wider network. This means avoiding getting together with a bunch of shut ins..
Everyone is usually part of some wider social network of people. If one doesn't work out you look elsewhere. You think those hot women just exist in their own secluded bubble?
It certainly makes things easier and oftentimes more reliable in the long term than betting on spontaneity. People have already said cold approaching works in some situations but it depends a lot on initial attraction and the situation at hand.
I never said it's a super open and sociable place. All Asian cultures are to some degree conservative in one aspect of their culture or another. Even ones that are sociable on the exterior can be cold when you get underneath that shell. Things are not always what they seem. I do think NE Asians are similar in some regards..in that if you make friends they tend to value it a bit more and it opens more doors due to guanxi.
In 2004, I walked around Chiayi a lot. Same thing. Elderly people are easy to talk to. But not young people. In 1990 I worked in Taipei for a few months. Even though it was supposed to be friendlier than, it was still the same in that strangers did not talk to you or make eye contact, and the girls were too shy to just chat up. At work though, my workmates were very fun to talk to and mess with though. But that's cause there was some organized activity connecting us, which is basic in Taiwanese culture, like I said.
No way. You misunderstood Ladislav about Russia. He has said for many years the same as me, that Russians are very warm, passionate and inclusive. He is in full agreement with me on that, and has been for many years. See what he wrote to me here about why Russians are more friendly to me:
http://www.happierabroad.com/phpBB2/vie ... php?t=8307
You will see that nowhere in that post does he say they are grim and cold. But he didn't get scammed there, and that is my only difference with him.
Probably you read something where he said that Russians don't smile for no reason like Americans do.
But either way, I got tons of proof on video that Russians are warm and open. Every guy that's been to Russia agrees that Russian women are very approachable, much more so than in America. That is a unanimous opinion, even among guys who got scammed there.
People who claim that Taiwan is open and sociable do not have such video proof. They just have their words for it. No one has used a hidden camera to cold approach TW girls unscripted and unrehearsed, and put it on YouTube.
Check out the latest posts in our blog The Happier Abroaders.
Don't forget my HA Grand Ebook and Dating Sites!
"It takes far less effort to find and move to the society that has what you want than it does to try to reconstruct an existing society to match your standards." - Harry Browne, How I Found Freedom in an Unfree World
There's pluses and minuses. The pluses are that it would be extremely easy to integrate by learning the language to a level of fluency, gaining residency, and slowly assimilating in. Thais are pretty accepting of the idea of other asians being "Thai" by default if you speak Thai. It's rather interesting to see.
The minuses is that if you're ignorant of the Asian culture you're in and asian yourself you get judged pretty hard at times. It's a bit more difficult to play the "dumb foreigner" role in some situations because you are expected to know basic etiquette. THis doesn't bother me as much since i've been in Asia so long now but for some Asian-Americans they literally can't handle this.
Middle and upper-middle class Thais can be just as conservative as NE Asians.
It's not unheard of for younger english teachers (20 somethings) hooking up with students but someone in their 40s-50's? Yeah right. Plus he says he teaches in Chula which is the best University in Thailand and does that there? I really really doubt that. One thing i've learned about expats in Thailand is never believe anything said unless you have seen it yourself or can verify the story beforehand. Plus Thais tend to be gossip mongers. An aging farang with one of their students somewhere..word would spread like wildfire one way or another.
The guys with serious money keep their women up in nice condos and come by to see them occasionally. Or they visit the massage parlors. The arrangement I mentioned before is pretty rare though as most Thai guys refuse to spend that much on one girl.
Repatriate, but still, you made it sound like breaking into cliques was easy. It is not, esp in conservative countries. You don't just break into a clique by walking up to people and saying "Hey what's up? Nice weather we're having huh?"
And even if you make a friend or two, it doesn't mean they will introduce you to anyone, esp if they think that their friends are too shy to meet someone new.
I may make some hasty generalizations, but you make some bold assumptions here. Reality does not fit into formulas.
Also, in Taiwan, when someone says they will hook you up with someone, most of the time, they don't. They just say it for fun. You know that if you're Taiwanese. Come on now.
And like in America, many people flake too.
I still don't understand why Rock compared Taiwanese women to Russian women though. No guy who has been to both Russia and Taiwan would claim that they are the same in terms of openness to strangers. Not even close.
If they were even remotely similar, then how come my cousin's son said after watching Julia and Katya's antics in my videos, that "There is no way you could ever find girls in Taiwan that are that open and carefree. No way."
Again, how come no one can show me any "open girls in Taiwan" in person? NO ONE! But I can show you plenty of "open girls" in the Philippines in person. 100 percent guaranteed. And I have.
Why am I the only one willing to show proof of what I say? That's why many say that I'm credible. My friend Jeff, who recently talked to Steve Hoca, told Steve that me and his other friend are the ONLY guys he trusts and believes, cause we always tell it like it is.
Check out the latest posts in our blog The Happier Abroaders.
Don't forget my HA Grand Ebook and Dating Sites!
"It takes far less effort to find and move to the society that has what you want than it does to try to reconstruct an existing society to match your standards." - Harry Browne, How I Found Freedom in an Unfree World
Yeah but I know TW often date based on occupation as well. The guys could all be potentially wealthy med students or engineers or something. Or the parents have known the guy's family for decades and he's alright in their books to be getting with the daughter.
Family hookups (arrangements) aren't all that unusual in TW as well. Couples do meet like that although they aren't arranged marriages strictly speaking.
Winston what can I say? This depends 100% on social skills. It's just rapport building and personalty compatibility. I'm not going to run up to someone with a silly goofy grin on my face babbling about aliens and psychics hoping they will like me for my charming openness. You approach people and see what interests them and then narrow it down to common interests/lifestyle/experiences and build from there.
I don't make bold assumptions. I'm pretty confident in breaking down certain social barriers. I've done it numerous times with people that i've had NOTHING in common with before. It's all about social skills and talking.
Of course I know that. Anyone can blow smoke not just TW people.
Everyone flakes. Depends on the strength of the connection you've made.
TW people aren't quite as dour as you portray it either. Winston I really think you haven't seen a wide enough spread of TW people. I've met all sorts of TW people and it's not as enclosed as you think. There's a lot of variability there.
One last thing I will mention and reiterate. Quite a few times foreigners who go to another country are flying an obvious "MEET ME I'M DIFFERENT AND POTENTIALLY EXCITING" flag that tends to act as a beacon to attract various people who are interested in that. In some countries like the U.S. it can be a major drawback but in the rest of the world it can be beneficial in many ways.
Winston I don't think you qualify as such because you're pretty obviously of TW extract just from first glance. On the otherhand if you were Japanese, Korean, or non-asian and dressed/acted as such you would also get interest from various people. Like I said before..the guys I know who are ABCs and have had good experiences in Taiwan are stylish and "cool" guys from an American standpoint too. People initially dig them already and the "foreignness" just acts as a style points bonus with some women.
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O.W.C.A. Files is a song sung by Aaron Jacob at the start and at the end of the eponymous episode.[1]
C-come on!
We got animal agents wearing brown fedoras
If you're a villain then you can't ignore us
Your evil plan is gonna fall before us
I will explain it better when we get to the chorus
'Cause if you find yourself hanging out on a limb
And your chances of survival are increasingly slim
All the odds are stacked against you and your prospects are grim
Call the Organization Without a Cool Acronym
It's the OWCA Files (yeah!)
(The OWCA Files)
It's the OWCA Files (OWCA-OWCA-OWC-come on!)
(The OWCA Files)
It's the OWCA Files (the Organization Without a Cool Acronym!)
(The OWCA Files)
It's the OWCA Files
(The OWCA Files)
BMI Work #21511404
Background Information
- This is the last song sung by Aaron Jacob.
- The repetition of this song serves as the final song of the entire series.
| Previous:
"Curtain Call/Time Spent Together"
| Next:
"Beautiful Lunchtime"
| Previous:
"Bits of All of Us"
|Songs (second time)
| Next:
| Previous:
"Irving's Camp Fire Song" (#6)
|Phineas and Ferb: Last Day of Summer (Original Soundtrack)
| Next:
"Army of Me" (#8)


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In Wilton class I learned to wrap wire for flowers, didn't have much success. How do you all do it?
I want to lay stemmed rosebuds along tiers of cake.
Cutting the floral tape in half makes it a lot easier to wrap and doesn't have as much bulk. Stretch the tape as you wrap it around the wire. The first couple of turns at the base of the bud help hold the tape in place. Then wrap at a downward angle to finish out the stem. It will also look nicer if you put the calyx and hip on the bud after the wire has been taped.
My instructor had us wrap the wires before even starting. It sounds like you do the flower first. I will give that a try.
Have you ever used a Hershey's kiss as the center of a rose?
I have used kisses for the center of buttercream roses but not gumpaste roses. My roses are usually very small so a kiss would be too big for me. If I wanted to this I would heat the wire with a candle flame to melt the chocolate. Once it cooled it should be strong enough to make the rose without the center coming off the wire.


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Brooker joins Doncaster
Bristol City's Steve Brooker has joined Doncaster on a month's loan with a view to a permanent move.
Last Updated: 27/11/08 6:15pm
Bristol City striker Steve Brooker has switched to Championship rivals Doncaster on a month's loan with a view to a permanent transfer.
Rovers have moved to bolster their firepower as they sit just a point off the bottom of the table.
His loan move lasts until 28th December and he could make his debut against Watford on Saturday.
City boss Gary Johnson told the club's official website: "He needs to get fit and for that he needs games. This loan is with a view to a permanent signing."
The 27-year-old has spent four years at Ashton Gate - scoring 37 times - after joining from Port Vale.
But some of this period has been affected by injury and he spent time on loan at Cheltenham earlier this year to regain match fitness, scoring five times in 14 appearances.


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Exclusive Media Group acquired offshore rights to Outrun, a romantic comedy written and co-directed by Dax Shepard. Shepard stars with Kristen Bell, Bradley Cooper and Tom Arnold. David Palmer directs with Shepard. Shepard plays an ex getaway driver who breaks the rules of Witness Protection to drive his girlfriend (Bell) to Los Angeles so she can land her dream job. Authorities and his former gang (led by Cooper) get wise and try to track him down. Andrew Panay is producing with Nate Tuck, Kim Waltrip and Jim Casey. Exclusive co-chairmen Nigel Sinclair and Guy East announced the project to sell during AFM. Exclusive Films International's Alex Walton will handle sales for the film, which just wrapped. Exclusive most recently completed The Ides of March.
AFM: Exclusive Media Group Backs Comedy 'Outrun' With Dax Shepard, Kristen Bell And Bradley Cooper
2 Comments
This is a great team both behind and in front of the camera on this film; they put in the time, have a great attitude and Dax's script was quite a good read.
Keep an eye out for more projects both in film and television from these guys! I am sure they're coming up soon.
Isn't Dax the guy from punkd? lol


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The Manor House is a charming stone built cottage in the village of Ugglebarnby situated on the North Yorkshire Moors just 3 miles from the historic town of Whitby. It is surrounded by a fabulous countryside, with some lovely country and coastal walks. Ideal family retreat any time of the year.
Size: Sleeps up to 5, 3 bedrooms
Nearest beach: Less than 4 miles
Nearest amenities: Less than 1 mile
Pets: not allowed
Smoking: Not allowed at this property
Rooms: 3 bedrooms, 2 shower rooms, separate toilet, living/dining room, kitchen, snug
Beds: 1 double bed, 3 single beds
Luxuries: TV, DVD, FreeSat
General: Oil central heating, woodburner,
Utilities: AGA, fridge, freezer, washing machine, tumble dryer, microwave
Standard: Kettle, toaster, iron
Other: Linen and towels are provided, travel cot and highchair available. WiFi.
Outdoors: Large nclosed garden with patio
Parking: Private parking for two cars


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US cosmetic surgery 2008 trends put breast enlargements on top
17 March 2009New numbers have shown that breast augmentations have come out on top of American cosmetic surgery trends in 2008. Breast surgery eclipsed liposuction as the procedure of choice for American women last year. The survey from the American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery found that many women are now choosing to exercise in order to get rid of excess fat.However, surgeons are noting that when it comes to breast surgery, many women are influenced by business cycles. Alan Gold, president of ASAPS, said: "A number of women are now looking at breast augmentation after their childbearing years. People are more focused on the aging-related changes that allow them to keep competitive in the job market." According to Bloomberg, the American breast implant industry saw a boom in 2006 when the Food and Drug Administration allowed breast implant manufacturers to supply a wider range of products. In addition to breast surgery, 2008 was a big year for non-surgical procedures. Hair transplants grew 10 per cent overall for both men and women. In addition, the popularity of Botox and dermal filler procedures continued to rise, as they are considered to be an inexpensive treatment for those who desire cosmetic treatments during the recession. For men, liposuction was still the most popular procedure, followed closely by rhinoplasty and eyelid surgery. In addition, the demand for male breast reductions also placed in the top-five procedures. Women noted that their most desired cosmetic procedures included eyelid surgery, tummy tucks, Botox jabs and breast reduction surgeries.


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Lonestar - Smile MP3
Music video by Lonestar performing Smile. (C) 1999 BMG Music.
LonestarI still remember the night we met You said you loved my smile But your love for me was like a summer breeze Oh, it lasted for a[...]
Lonestar-Smile with lyrics MP3
A sweet song :)
Lonestar - Smile MP3
smile lyrics lonestar MP3
a lyrics video i made hope you like it like share comment rate.
lonestar~smile~ MP3
(Chris Lindsey/Keith Follese) I still remember the night we met You said you loved my smile But your love for me was like a summer breeze Oh, it lasted for a ...
PR1354 03 Smile Lonestar [karaoke] MP3
Lonestar - Smile - Thai MV (Best Supporting Actor) MP3
Song : Smile Artist : Lonestar MV : Thai Movie 2010 - Best Supporting Actor Starring : Thongphoom Siripipat, Rujipas Kohkiat, Navapol Lampoon Lyric : I still ...
Lonestar-Smile(with lyrics) MP3
its my first vid with lyrics ^-^ please rate and comment.
Lonestar - I'm Already There (Message From Home) MP3
Lonestar's official music video for 'I'm Already There (Message From Home)'. Click to listen to Lonestar on Spotify: http://smarturl.it/LSpot?IQid=LIAT As featured ...
I'm Already There
LonestarHe called her on the road From a lonely cold hotel room Just to hear her say I love you one more time And when he heard the sound Of the kids laughing in the background He had to wipe away a te[...]
Long Lost Smile - Lonestar MP3
This is a lonestar song, long lost smile, my first video, its not much, but i just wanted to see how to upload . .enjoy.
CB20237 10 Lonestar Smile [Karaoke] MP3
Smile by Lonestar w/ Lyrics MP3
Lyrics:: I still remember the night we met You said you loved my smile But your love for me was like a summer breeze Oh it lasted for a while I could hold on a ...
Lonestar - Smile [Cover] - Ben Edwards MP3
Latest cover of a country song :o, not a lot of country music that stands out to me but this is beautiful lyrically and nice to sing. One of my moms favourites so ...
Smile - Lonestar MP3
These were the best days of my life....
Lonestar - Smile MP3
Lonestar - Smile - Four Corners, Untermeitingen - 2011/02/19.
Smile - Lonestar (Lyrics On Screen) MP3
Smile - Lonestar (Lyrics On Screen)
SC3162 05 Lonestar Smile [karaoke] MP3
1041 - Smile - Lonestar cover with chords and lyrics MP3
It's too high for me but when did that ever stop me before? SOTD for Monday, March 25, 2013 G Em D C (repeat 1x) Verse 1: G Bm I still remember the night we ...
Lone Star Im Gonna Smile MP3
Wild Bills Lone Star Im Gonna Smile.
Smile- Lonestar- Lyrics MP3
Be nice, this is the first lyrics video I've ever made. Song- Smile Artist- Lonestar (I do not own any of this, all I did was make the pictures with the lyrics o nthem, ...


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Contact Information
The best way to get in touch with Guy is email. Click/tap here to send him a message. You can send physical mail to him here:
1259 El Camino Real #408
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Email List
You can receive email notifications about Guy's activities by joining this email list.
Contact Information for Speeches
Keynote Speakers is Guy's exclusive representative for speeches. You can send an email to Keynote Speakers or use its contact information:
Keynote Speakers
2686 Middlefield Road, Suite F
Redwood City, CA 94063-3481
Phone: (650) 325-8711
For more information about Guy and speaking, please go to the Speeches area of this website.


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Professor Sabiha Yusuf Essack
Current affiliation: University of KwaZulu-Natal
Subject: Health Sciences
Primary location: South Africa
A framework for the non-antibiotic management of upper respiratory tract infections: towards a global change in antibiotic resistance
Published in:International Journal of Clinical Practice
Publication date:2013-11-01
Complexity and Diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains with Extended-Spectrum -Lactamases Isolated in 1994 and 1996 at a Teaching Hospital in D...
Published in:Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Publication date:2001-01-01
More action, less resistance: report of the 2014 summit of the Global Respiratory Infection Partnership
Published in:International Journal of Pharmacy Practice
Publication date:2015-02-25
Meeting report
Review of established and innovative detection methods for carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria
Published in:Journal of Applied Microbiology
Publication date:2015-09-24
Antibiotic use in Namibia: prescriber practices for common community infections
Published in:South African Family Practice
Publication date:2015-05-29
Models for increasing the health workforce
Published in:South African Medical Journal
Publication date:2012-10-30
Demographic and microbiological profile of cystic fibrosis in Durban, South Africa
Published in:African Journal of Microbiology Research
Publication date:2014-08-13
CMY-20, a novel AmpC-type β-lactamase from South African clinical Escherichia coli isolates
Published in:Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Publication date:2008-04-01
Characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Salmonella spp. at a tertiary hospital in Durban, South Africa
Published in:Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Publication date:2008-09-01
Treatment options for extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producers
Published in:FEMS Microbiology Letters
Publication date:2000-09-01
Antibiotic resistance via the food chain: Fact or fiction?
Published in:South African Journal of Science
Publication date:2010-09-17
Government funding as leverage for quality teaching and learning
Published in:Higher Education Management and Policy
Publication date:2010-12-20
The Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Environment of Carbapenemases Detected in Africa
Published in:Microbial Drug Resistance
Publication date:2016-01-01
Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from South Africa with multiple TEM, SHV and AmpC β-lactamases
Published in:International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
Publication date:2004-04-01
Public knowledge, attitudes and behaviour towards antibiotic usage in Windhoek, Namibia
Published in:Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publication date:2015-11-09
NDM-1, novel TEM-205, novel TEM-213 and other extended-spectrum β-lactamases co-expressed in isolates from cystic fibrosis patients from South Africa
Published in:Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publication date:2015-09-07
Observational Study of the Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Campylobacter spp. from Different Poultry Production Systems in KwaZulu-Natal, S...
Published in:Journal of Food Protection
Publication date:2012-01-01
Prescriber and Patient Responsibilities in Treatment of Acute Respiratory Tract Infections — Essential for Conservation of Antibiotics
Published in:Antibiotics
Publication date:2013-06-04
Optimized Microwave Assisted Synthesis of LL37, a Cathelicidin Human Antimicrobial Peptide
Published in:International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics
Publication date:2014-11-07
An evaluation of antibiotic prescribing patterns in adult intensive care units in a private hospital in KwaZulu-Natal
Published in:Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publication date:2015-01-02
NOTA: a potent metallo-β-lactamase inhibitor
Published in:Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Publication date:2015-01-06
Treatment options for extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producers
Published in:FEMS Microbiology Letters
Publication date:2000-09-15
Optimisation and characterisation of bioadhesive controlled release tetracycline microspheres
Published in:International Journal of Pharmaceutics
Publication date:2005-12-01
Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter isolates from commercial poultry suppliers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Published in:Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Publication date:2008-09-10
Laboratory detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)—The need for a reliable, reproducible method
Published in:Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Publication date:2000-08-01
CTX-M-37 in Salmonella enterica serotype Isangi from Durban, South Africa
Published in:International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
Publication date:2006-10-01
A Review of Moxifloxacin for the Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis
Published in:The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
Publication date:2017-07-24
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology


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Most Helpful Guy
That is not belly fat... your stomach looks flat and toned to me00|00|0
Thank you for the MHO
That is not belly fat... your stomach looks flat and toned to me
Thank you for the MHO
Not much there. The less extra weight you have to lose, the easier it is to loose it. It doesn't look terrible, and fairly minimal effort should see what is there dealt with quickly.
You look fine
Don't see any belly fat. Looks very good.
Looks slim to me in pics
What belly fat? You look fine
Perfect. Not fat not skinny
You're fine
your belly is not fat at all
i dont think you have any belly fat, i think you have a lovely figure
Kidding right?
I think you should suicide for having a flat man ass.
you're fine.
That is not even considered fat.
What belly fat? I don't see any on this body
you are good
You look fine lol
I don't see any, you look great
You cannot undo this action. The opinion owner is going to be notified and earn 7 XPER points.


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Superfund Site: BERKLEY PRODUCTS CO. DUMP
Superfund Site Profile
Five Year Review
EPA is in the process of completing the Third Five-Year Review for this site. Five-Year Reviews generally are required by CERCLA or program policy when hazardous substances remain on site above levels which permit unrestricted use and unlimited exposure. Five-Year reviews provide an opportunity to evaluate the implementation and performance of a remedy to determine whether it remains protective of human health and the environment.
The Third Five-Year Review found a contaminant known as 1,4 dioxane in groundwater in multiple site monitoring wells. A protectiveness determination of the remedy at the Site cannot be made at this time until further information is obtained. Further information will be obtained by taking the following actions:
- Define the extent of 1,4-dioxane and metal contamination in groundwater. Determine if site groundwater discharges to Cocalico Creek or migrates beyond the creek to downgradient receptors at unacceptable levels. Upon completion of the groundwater investigation, determine the appropriate remedial action.
It is expected that these actions will take approximately one year to complete, at which time a protectiveness determination will be made.
Five Year Review Reports:
This site was proposed to the National Priorities List (NPL) on June 24, 1988 and formally added to the list March 31, 1989. It was deleted from the NPL on March 19, 2007.


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Whatever happened to afterschool snacks and Salute Your Shorts? Whatever happned to Are You Afriad Of The Dark and hiding under the covers?
We here at CRAVE miss that simple, happy time in our lives when Nicklelodeon was full of fever-dream-esque psychopathic shows. So, in order to honor that, we thought we'd bring you some of the best parodies of 90's Nickelodeon.
1. Rugrats: In Real Life
This has everything the original lacked!
2. Are You Afraid Of The Dark just got… strange.
We knew that one kid was a homophobe!
3. The Adventures of… Kat & Kat?
Still not good without Iggy Pop.
4. Salute Your Shorts: The Movie:
Starring… Budnik, Telly, Pinsky… and Matt Damon.
5. Clarrisa Explains It All Theme meets Seinfeld:
We would enjoy George climbing in through the window.
Wow… that was… erotic.


text: I have downloaded Handcent and love all the options that it gives. However, there are times when I set my phone on silent and do not want anything to vibrate. I have went through all of the settings and notifications and changed everything to "never" vibrate. But still when I receive a new message it does the 3 or 4 vibrate tones. I am sure I am over looking something, but I am gettng a little aggervated. Also, if you have any neat tricks to share that would be appreciated! Thank you for your help!!


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why do i still feel depressed even if i still taking medication for it?I feel tired,down.What should i do about it talk to my doctor? READ MORE
Hi, there. What are you taking and how long have you been on it? Some medications can take up to six weeks to work adequately; sometimes, they don't work at all and then your doctor would probably have you try something else. Definitely, do talk to your doctor about this if you've been on it for some time and you're not feeling any better. Also, it's possible that no medication is going to eliminate every symptom and you might need therapy to be able to cope with things that may be going on in your life.
Let us know if we can be of further help and thank you for your question.
First of all there is chemical depression and situational depression. You can have one or the other or both. Meds do not help situational depression at all. The only things that I know of that helps are Therapy (Group and/or Individual) or at least talking with someone about your "challenges". I have BOTH chemical depression and situational depression. The meds help a lot, but no matter what meds I am taking when bad things happen to me (I have many physical medical problems, financial problems, and relationship problems) I still get sad and cry.READ MORE
You know something? I have been asking myself the same question. I do go through periods of time when I am not depressed, but then it comes raging back. And after a while, it goes away again. And comes back. And all the while, I am taking the same medications. But I have found that if I don't take the meds at all, things get much worse for a much longer period of time.
It took me a long, long time and many med trials before I found something that worked pretty well. Sometimes, like Judy said, the meds aren't enough - you may need an adjunct therapy. I tried ECT and know it has helped many people. I don't know how many medications you have tried. My doctor told me I was "medication-resistant" or "treatment-resistant." So I always have to be on the lookout for signs that depression is coming again. It usually happens because of extra stress. So when I feel I may be getting depressed, I try to make my life as stress-free as possible. I cut down on family drama. I take more walks in the park. I don't take on any new projects. I indulge myself a little (ice cream, marathon sessions of "24", turning off my cell phone for a few hours, etc.) Anything that helps.
I know you WANT to feel better. You WANT to have a more enjoyable life. Those are two things that will eventually help you get better.READ MOREYou should know Answers to your question are meant to provide general health information but should not replace medical advice you receive from a doctor. No answers should be viewed as a diagnosis or recommended treatment for a condition. Content posted by community members does not necessarily reflect the views of Remedy Health Media, which also reserves the right to remove material deemed inappropriate.DISPLAY TEXTLINK URL


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Fergie's Colorful Dress: Yay or Nay?
Fergie made a bright splash as she exited her car in New York City today. The Black Eyed Peas singer always goes out on a limb fashion wise, and today was no exception.
Josh Duhamel's wife showed off her toned body in a very colorful and patterned satin looking dress with a leather jacket over the top, and we aren't sure if we are fans.
Thoughts on Fergie's tight ensemble? Vote in our Celebuzz Yay or Nay poll above!
Follow Celebuzz on Twitter, Facebook and Tumblr for more celeb fashion news and photos!


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Condo Rentals In Surrey BcGet exclusive access to the best condo rentals in Surrey BC by using the services of Canadian Home Finders. Finding a condo to rent has never been this easy. To ensure that you get the perfect rental, we factor in your budget as well as requirements in terms of location and other such factors. Sign up on our website now or call us at 1-604-226-8038.
Condo Rentals in Surrey BC: Condo vs. Apartment Living
Apartments automatically come to mind when people think about rental living. However, more and more people are turning to condominiums for their temporary living arrangements. People seeking convenient housing, particularly those living alone or transferring cities because of work are often better off with a condo rental. Condo Rentals in Surrey BC offer many cost benefits over apartment living because while these rental setups are priced similarly, condo renters often receive more benefits as part of their monthly rent. In general, monthly condo rates include some or most utilities, saving you serious cash.
While you may need to pay more fees upon moving in a condo, long-term cost benefits are better, especially when you think about the other advantages condo living offers. Most condo rentals in Surrey BC are professionally managed, just like traditional apartments. This means easy access to landlord and building services that you may need along the way. Condo living also often equates to luxury living, especially when you are able to find a facility that's complete with all kinds of luxurious amenities.
Canadian Home Finders is a great place to start if you want access to top quality condominiums, apartments, and rental properties. Canadian home-seekers turn to CDN Home Finders when looking for the right home that meets their exact search criteria. The company only works with trained professionals who scour all sources possible to find your dream home.


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Interreg Euregio Meuse-Rhine
The Interreg Euregio Meuse-Rhine (EMR) is one of the oldest Euregions of the European Union. Since 1976, three countries and partner regions are working together within EMR. In origin, the Dutch provinces of south and middle Limburg, the German area of Aachen, the Belgian German speaking Community of Belgium and the Belgian provinces of Liege and Limburg were the core members.
From the beginning, however, they were collaborating with the Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm and Landkreis Vulkaaneifel. Together these regions constituted the core region of the Interreg V-A EMR-programme.
In view of the new programme's ambitions, the district of Leuven (B), the COROP-region of South-East North Brabant (NL) and the district of Huy-Waremme are privileged partners in several parts of the programme.


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This is a 1400 sq ft 2 story home. The 1st floor has a Master Bedroom with a queen bed, bath with tub/shower, fully equipped kitchen with all modern appliances, and breakfast bar with 4 stools. The Dining Room and Living Room are open with a wall of windows facing out to the meadow and deck with picnic table and gas BBQ (seasonal). The Living Room has a sofa (hide-a-bed) and loveseat with cozy gas fireplace, CD Boom box & TV with DVD player (no Satellite). Head Upstairs and find a landing with small kitchenette (microwave, coffee maker, small frig). There is a 2nd Bathroom with tub/shower, and bedroom with queen bed, and 2 large windows facing the forest. Off of the landing is a large loft with 2 twin beds, queen futon sofa sleeper. This unit is designed to lockout as a duplex with the 1st floor rented separately from the Upstairs Bedroom, bath & landing (sorry, no one gets the loft in this scenario). The mudroom with washer/dryer is shared by both units. This home has Free Internet Access.
The Full home accommodates up to 10 Guests.
Rates range from $199 - $299 for 6 Guests.
The 1st floor (1 story) accommodates up to 3 Guests.
Rates range from $139 - $189 for 2 Guests.
The Upstairs Bedroom accommodates 2 Guests.
Rates range from $90 to $115.
Each additional Guest is $20.


text: The Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and Jesus. It is the official doctrine of the Taliban and has been known to have magical brainwashing affects upon anybody who reads it, or hears its words read aloud. There are a few people who can resist the brainwashing power of the Manifesto: Stephen Colbert, and The Greatest President Ever.


text:
Rescue. Rehabilitate. Educate. Inspire.
Black Dawg Farm and Sanctuary
We are a registered 501(c)3 Non-Profit
EIN# 47-5488900. All Donations are tax deductible.
Due to circumstances beyond our control- we have had to cancel.
Thank you for your understanding.
Adopt- Don't Shop!
When deciding to add a new pet to your family...always adopt. You would be surprised how many purebred and young animals end up in shelters or kill pens. Don't forget, older animals too...they are generally settled, trained and or housebroken.
Happy animals in their environment of course! Again poop. No matter how many times we clean up after them, they will make a mess. They like to roll in the dirt and or mud. Our animals are friendly, however, like people they have mood swings and somedays they just want to chill out.
Farms have poop. Plan on wearing appropriate footwear. Jeans, tee shirts and sweat shirts are great! Our animals are friendly and may slobber on you.
Like many rescues, our goal is to rescue, rehabilitate and educate. However, we provide a life long sanctuary for our adopted animals, while giving people who might not have contact with farm animals a hands on experience. Our eventual goal is to share our "farmily" with disadvantage children and teens , as a way to connect and build emotional and mental well being.
So may wonderful animals end up in shelters, auctions and kill pens due to unplanned breedings. Spaying and neutering your pet allows them to live longer, happier and more productive lives. Testicular cancer is not uncommon in dogs, as well as pyometria ( puss filled uterus) in cats, dogs and other female animals.
Please call and or email first to arrange a time with us
We're social. Come find us online today
Whether its time, money or offer of your skills...we would be greatly appreciative of it.


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I love working out,sports,pretty much anything that requires me to move and push my body to its limits :)
Movie : Inception & lots of horror movies
Shows : Big bang theory,How I met your mother,Game of thrones.
Music : Oiço de tudo um pouco mas maioritariamente rock.
Food : Pancakes !


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Video Music Awards 2011
September 8, 2011 by Post Team
Video Music Awards 2011, The 2011 MTV Video Music Awards seemed positively different compared to previous years. Spectacular performances, tributes, and not the official site of the awards buzz were trending topics on Twitter and tweets.
The VMAs 2011 a new record to the rake, the largest audience in the history of MTV, with 12.4 million viewers, according to an article published in the online edition of MTV.
We used to see the awards ceremony sponsored by familiar faces, but MTV decided to go without a host this year, which caused some problems. The show was more polished and sophisticated aura had no jokes and pointless too uncomfortable to chance to take on as it had in the previous sample. VMAs this year was quite good and the night there were many areas of interest to focus.
Lady Gaga, who is famous for creating headlines for public events, opened the show dressed as his alter ego Jo Calderone male. Even more shocking was expected of her, Lady Gaga settled for the male gaze throughout the show, without any costume changes, and managed to steal the spotlight overnight.
The surprise of the awards went to Beyonce Knowles, who announced her pregnancy in the "black carpet" and confirmed that rubbing your belly in the performance of "Love on Top" from their latest album "4".
While Chris Brown was barred from acting in the previous edition, after his assault chargers guilty of ex-girlfriend Rihanna, many people called his performance "epic." Dressed in white, Brown and his dancers put on an energetic show in the performance of his hits "Yeah 3x" and "Beautiful People". Brown also used songs from Nirvana and Wu-Tang Clan on their performance. Fast-moving high-trick ball and flying above the crowd, the performance of Brown will be remembered as one of his best so far.
Lady Gaga Britney Spears presented as the winner of the Michael Jackson Vanguard and was followed by dancers dressed in costumes of many infamous Spears, rocked the scene of some of their biggest hits. The interesting thing about Spears's acceptance speech was that she kept short and simple by focusing more on the introduction of Beyoncé's upcoming performance rather than their own tribute. For an artist who has been in business for over a decade and has made a huge impact on pop music industry, which was quite disconcerting to see her cut her short speech to focus on the introduction of another artist. She was well nervous and not very happy about the prize and the honor he received. Either way, gave the audience something to talk about and, of course, peep about.
VMAs this year, definitely, highlighted the changes that made MTV. The show was interesting, had some great performances and gave us a lot about Twitter. Maybe now you know that the MTV show drew the largest audience in the history of MTV, which will focus on bringing back the power of music videos on your network.
Please feel free to send if you have any questions regarding this post , you can contact on
Disclaimer: The views expressed on this site are that of the authors and not necessarily that of U.S.S.POST.


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A fun collection of Food Trivia Quizzes about food and beverage facts, science and history
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1) Atlantic bluefin tuna, sushi and sashimi.
More Bluefin Tuna Trivia
2) Frog's legs.
More Frog Leg Trivia
3) Alligator pear is another name for the avocado.
Explanation of the name 'alligator pear.'
4) It takes about 4 1/2 pounds of feed to produce a dozen eggs.
More Egg Trivia
5) The United States.
More Crab Trivia
6) Fenugreek.
More Fenugreek Trivia
7) Lemons contain 30 to 45 percent juice depending on variety, climate, maturity when harvested, and storage conditions.
More Lemon Trivia
8) Over 700 million pounds of mustard are consumed worldwide each year.
More Mustard Trivia
9) Creamy peanut butter is preferred on the East Coast, Chunky on the West Coast.
More Peanut Butter Trivia
10) 99% of all pumpkins are sold for decorations, Only 1% are sold for food.
More Pumpkin Trivia
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text: The reconciliation of basic earnings per share (EPS) presented above compares the quarter and year ended December 31, 2012 versus December 31, 2011 and is a non-GAAP presentation. The economic substance behind our non-GAAP EPS measure is to present the after tax impact of significant items and components of the statement of income on a per share basis before the impact of additional stock issuances. We believe this presentation is useful to investors because the statement of income does not readily show the EPS impact of the various components, including the effect of new stock issuances. This could limit the readers' understanding of the reasons for the EPS change from previous years. This information is useful to management, and we believe useful to investors, to better understand the reasons for the fluctuation in EPS between the prior and current years on a per share basis.In addition, although a non-GAAP presentation, we believe the presentation of gross margin (reflected in the table above and elsewhere in this press release) is useful to investors and others in understanding and analyzing changes in our operating performance from one period to the next, and have included the analysis as a complement to the financial information we provide in accordance with GAAP. This reconciliation and margin information may not be comparable to other companies or more useful than the GAAP presentation included in the statements of income. We also note that this presentation does not purport to be an alternative to EPS determined in accordance with GAAP as a measure of operating performance or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with GAAP. Management compensates for the limitations of using non-GAAP financial measures by using them to supplement GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting the business than GAAP results alone. The dilutive effect of additional shares issued in this table reflects the impact of all shares issued in the respective periods presented.