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Measure to expand anti-discrimination law meets opposition
University City councilman speaks in favor of measure
Kari Williams
Staff Reporter
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November 28, 2012 -
Roughly 15 people voiced opposition last week to a measure being considered by the County Council that would add sexual orientation and gender identity to the county's non-discrimination law.
The County Council voted 5-2 Nov. 20 to give initial approval to the proposed ordinance, which pertains to "discrimination by county contractors or in connection with" housing, public accommodations, county employment or hate crimes. Third District Councilwoman Colleen Wasinger, R-Town and Country, and Seventh District Councilman Greg Quinn, R-Ballwin, were opposed.
Final approval of the ordinance was scheduled to be considered Tuesday night — after the Call went to press.
Wasinger told the Call the "fundamental problem" with the legislation is it grants special protections under the law. She also said the County Council is not the "appropriate venue" to grant special rights.
"Those special protections are so very important and they should be debated — probably, most ideally, at the federal or state level," she said. "Neither one of those governmental bodies have granted these special protection rights."
During a period for public comment, resident John Haley said the proposed ordinance "presupposes discrimination on the part of contractors, on the part of housing and employers."
"In so many areas, we already have safeguards against such discrimination and this is one additional layer of compliance that businesses and contractors and so forth will have to absorb and put into their system of hiring and/or maintaining legal services ...," he said.
Resident Lisa Pannett also spoke about the county "wanting to impose more restrictions on business owners."
"I would think at this point you would want to try take the chains off of them and try to give them more leniency to try to hire people, instead of now asking them to become fortune tellers essentially, and decide what your sexual orientation and/or gender identity issues are," Pannett said.
Fifth District Councilman Pat Dolan, D-Richmond Heights, who introduced the bill, told the Call some of the comments by speakers relayed misunderstandings of the ordinance.
"This ordinance will not have anything to do with the small business. Private business owner(s) can conduct their business any way they like," he said. "This does not change how they do their business, their hiring, firing, whatever. This is for St. Louis County — if the county's going to hire somebody."
Kate Holloway, who serves on the Lindbergh Schools Board of Education, spoke in opposition to the proposed ordinance. She also questioned the timing of the council's consideration of the legislation.
"My complaint is that you're expediting a culturally altering ordinance when the general citizenry is preparing for a holiday, is least likely to be aware and show up for this ordinance ...," she said.
David Wissler, president of the New Gravois Township Conservative Republican Party, told the council residents have had "enough ordinances to put up with" and the county can continue to live without adopting the measure.
"We ought to get closer to God than keep doing what we're doing with different ordinances to make other people special," he said. "We're all special. We're all God's creation. We don't need any ordinance to tell us that."
David Claybrook, who represents LIFE Is For Everyone Unlimited and Mission Metro St. Louis, said the bill would "publicly authorize and sanction a lifestyle that the Bible very specifically speaks against."
"All of us are sinners, according to Scripture. All of us need compassion from one another and certainly from our Lord ... I don't need this council, or any other, to sanction a lifestyle that might not be healthy for our county ...," Claybrook said.
The Rev. Harold Hendrick, of Bott Radio Network and Hendrick Ministries, said he appreciates the protections for race and the disabled already included in the law — aspects of one's life that cannot be changed.
"When it comes to a lifestyle based on world view ... who's to keep the Ku Klux Klan from coming in here or any group that says, 'We have a lifestyle and we have a world view, we want the same kind of protection you're giving in this case homosexuals,'" Hendrick said.
Terry Crow, a member of the University City City Council, spoke in favor of the measure. Crow introduced similar legislation in University City, after which other communities "followed suit," such as Olivette, Clayton and Richmond Heights, according to Crow.
"I serve on our City Council. My partner serves on our school board. We are actively involved in our community ... It is time for us to move forward on this issue," Crow said.
Andrew Shaughnessy, of PROMO, a statewide organization that advocates for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender, or LGBT, equality, offered support for the bill.
"These LGBT Missourians are our friends. They're our neighbors. They're our family and our co-workers who have contributed every day to the dialogue and economy of the St. Louis region," Shaughnessy said.
The LGBT community, according to Shaughnessy, is filled with "hardworking people that live in constant fear" of being discriminated against.
"This ordinance would remedy that fear by protecting the community that is already a part of St. Louis County..," Shaughnessy said.
Dolan and 2nd District Councilwoman Kathleen Burkett, D- Overland, introduced the ordinance.
St. Louis County News
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Spicy Red Fish Stew
Be the first to review
READY IN: 40mins
Recipe by Grace Lynn
This simple and delicious recipe is from Meriel MacDonald of Kinloch Lodge on the Isle of Skye in Scotland. I changed this recipe a little by adding some clam juice because I like it saucier!
See Discussion:
Ingredients Nutrition
- 3 large red bell peppers (I used jarred roasted red bell peppers)
- 5 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
- 12 shallots, chopped
- 2 (14 1/2 ounce) canschopped tomatoes with juice
- 2 cloves garlic, minced
- 3⁄4 teaspoon dry crushed red pepper (I doubled that)
- 1⁄2 cup chopped fresh cilantro
- 1 teaspoon grated lemon, rind of
- 2 lbs halibut or 2 lbs cod fish fillets, cut into 1 inch pieces (I used cod)
- 1 cup clam juice (I added this because I thought it was a little dry) (optional)
Directions See How It's Made
- Char bell peppers over flame or in broiler until blackened on all sides.
- Enclose peppers in paper bag 10 minutes.
- Peel, seed, and chop peppers.
- Heat oil in heavy large skillet over medium heat.
- Add shallots and saute until very soft, about 6 minutes.
- Stir in peppers, tomatoes with juice, garlic, and crushed red pepper.
- Simmer 10 minutes to blend flavors.
- I added the clam juice at this point and brought it back to a simmer.
- Stir in cilantro and lemon peel.
- Add fish; simmer until just opaque in center, about 5 minutes.
- Season stew to taste with salt and pepper.
- Spoon into bowls and serve.
- I served it over steamed rice.
- I love this sauce and I think I'll substitute shrimp next time for fish.

subset: commoncrawl


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I have a strange issue and could use some clarification on a 2008 Server with dual NICs setup and configured.
Here is the goal of what I am trying to accomplish (easy enough to do in Server 2003) is to take my fax server and configure NIC 1 to connect to end users and NIC 2 to go to the Cisco phone system to grab the phone (SIP) lines.
On the old server (server crashed so had to rebuild and desided to go 2008) I was able to configure NIC 1 with a 10.10.4.x / 255.255.255.0 / 10.10.4.1 address and then configure NIC 2 with a 192.168.100.x / 255.255.255.0 address and no gateway. This worked fine on the 2003 server and was able to get traffic between the 2 without issues.
The issue I am running into currently on the 2008 server is that it doesnt seem to like a blank gateway and from what I am reading you need to have something in there even though it might not be an actual router so to say.
When I configure the 2008 server with NIC 1 as 10.10.4.x / 255.255.255.0 / 10.10.4.1 and NIC 2 as 192.168.100.x / 255.255.255.0 I am able to see the server from the 10.10.4 network but traffic is not getting across to the 192.168.100 network for my fax lines to be picked up. If I take NIC 2 and configure it as 192.168.100.x / 255.255.255.0 / 192.168.100.x (using a bogus gateway) I can then get my fax traffic to see the server but I am then unable to browse out to the internet.
My routing tables look like the attachment.
If I am thinking correctly I should be able to remove the 0.0.0.0 routes that are going to the 192.168.100 address and that will force all other traffic out to the 10.10.4.1 gateway which then I should have internet traffic along with traffic to my fax information.
Am I thinking correctly on this? Does server 2008 really need to have a gateway on the 2nd NIC or am I reading wrong? Are there any other suggestions on this configuration for a 2008 Server?
Like I mentioned before my 2003 server was working perfectly fine under this configuration without the gateway on the 2nd NIC. Only the 2008 server is what I am having issues with at this time.
Sep 23, 2010 at 9:44 UTC
Did you have RRAS running on the old server? I thought that in order to route traffic between the two NICs RRAS had to be installed.
It may need to be installed in 2008 too.
4 Replies
Sep 23, 2010 at 9:44 UTC
Did you have RRAS running on the old server? I thought that in order to route traffic between the two NICs RRAS had to be installed.
It may need to be installed in 2008 too.
Sep 23, 2010 at 9:46 UTC
That Mr. Fix IT Guy is an IT service provider.
Didnt think I did but will need to check to be sure. Let me double check on that one and Ill let you know.
Sep 23, 2010 at 9:50 UTC
That Mr. Fix IT Guy is an IT service provider.
I do have that on the 2003 but not on the 2008. Will get it installed and let you know if that will fix the issue. Thanks,
Sep 23, 2010 at 9:51 UTC
I believe Michael is right.
Here is the how to for 2008 server, it is a role you need to add...
This discussion has been inactive for over a year.
You may get a better answer to your question by starting a new discussion.


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Bailey's Crossroads, VA KoD signing, 20 October 2005 - report by John NowackiEdit
posted at rec.arts.sf.written.robert-jordan
On the signing at Borders in Bailey's Crossroads earlier tonight:
From what I saw, not much to report. After the usual remarks about pronunciation, when the next book will come out, the next book is the last no matter how long it is, and so on, he signed a few books and then remembered he was supposed to do a brief Q&A.
He gave one RAFO when asked whether Siuan and Leane would be back to full strength if stilled again and then Healed by a man. Nothing else really stood out among the questions I heard then or when he was back to signing books. He did say that Ilyena was an AS when asked, but that's hardly big news.
On this "outrigger" trilogy, as he called it, where he might revisit the WOT universe for some books that don't involve the main characters we know, he was hesitant and said it's something he's just mulling over for now. He doesn't know when he'll get to the other prequel short novels, either, but at least whenever that happens it will be after the next book is finished. A WOT encyclopedia is next then, followed by that Infinity of Heaven series -- he called it a trilogy, for whatever that's worth.
So, not much like signings for earlier books when you could count on some interesting answers. I'm not sure whether that's because of the turn that the series has taken or because it's pointless to try to get him to answer anything useful.


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When you inherit an estate from someone important, the liquidation process can often be more confusing than you may anticipate. The process is very complex and you'll need help at every step along the way, from honouring the will to selling the property. If you're looking for a Port Hope estate liquidator, here are a few reasons to ask for professional help, including how they can make estate liquidation more efficient, and more profitable.
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A Port Hope estate liquidator can help keep your valuable assets when you inherit an estate of almost any size. When looking for a professional estate liquidation firm, be sure to find someone who can do multiple tasks, including property sales and knowledge about tax law. From help in staging property to expert advice on overseas assets, our experts can keep your estate safe and profitable.Comments Off on Don't Stress, Call A Port Hope Estate Liquidator


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VIJAY LOK MINERALS, established in the year 1978, is an ISO 9001:2008 Company. It offers India's finest quality building construction and renovation products, which can give shape to your challenging interior and exterior renovation ideas.
It is a well renowned name in the field since inception and manufactures the finest grades of Plaster of Paris Jammu, Ready Mix Plaster, Joint Finish Compound which are marketed under the registered brand name BIRD.
BIRD is a result of uncompromising quality standards and the accompanied manufacturing process followed by the company. Being economical in pricing and premium in quality, our brands form the true investment for your home or office environment and forms an object of style and elegance. This decor imparts a personal touch and warmth to the environment.
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"when my mum was kept in over night ..."
About: Queen's Hospital (Romford) Queen's Hospital (Romford) Romford RM7 0AG
Posted by louise johnson (as ),
What could be improved
when my mum was kept in over night after going to a&e i left her at 2 am where she then was left to sleep in her clothes and without a drink even after she asked for water to take her medication. she finally got a glass of water in the morning. when i got to her in the morning she was still in her clothes and hadnt had a wash which she does need assistance with as she has no feeling to hot or cold. Topping of the lack of basic care came when i went to pick up her medication that afternoon and it was for a completely different problem to what we had gone in for. after going back up to ask why they had prescribed what they had we got told that if we wanted to find out what was causing the problem we had gone ther for we was told that we would have to go back through a&e all over again and ther night before had been a waste of time.


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British Heart Foundation Your heart beats around 100,000 times every day. It pumps about 23,000 litres of blood around your body. But what happens when it doesn't work as well as it should? https://www.bhf.org.uk/
Allergy UK Allergy UK is the country's leading medical charity dealing with allergy and we are here to help you. We can provide you with up to date information on all aspects of allergy, food intolerance and chemical sensitivity https://www.allergyuk.org/
The Anaphylaxis Campaign is the only UK charity to exclusively meet the needs of the growing numbers of people at risk from severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) by providing information and support relating to foods and other triggers such as latex, drugs and insect stings http://www.anaphylaxis.org.uk/
Asthma UK is the charity dedicated to improving the health and well-being of the 5.4 million people in the UK whose lives are affected by asthma https://www.asthma.org.uk/
The Lullaby Trust (formerly FSID) is the UK's leading baby charity working to prevent sudden deaths and promote health. FSID funds research, supports bereaved families and promotes safe baby care advice http://www.lullabytrust.org.uk/
Meningitis Now – Meningitis and septicaemia can strike quickly, killing some people within hours. Whatever the outcome, the impact of the disease can be life-changing – from grieving for a loved one, to coping with lifelong after-effects https://www.meningitisnow.org/
The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents is a registered charity established more than 90 years ago that aims to campaign for change, influence opinion, contribute to debate, educate and inform – for the good of all http://www.rospa.com/
Ofsted inspect and regulate to achieve excellence in the care of children and young people, and in education and skills for learners of all ages. The new Ofsted brings together the wide experience of four inspectorates to make a greater difference for every child, and for all young people and adult learners, in England. Their educational, economic and social well-being will promote our success as a country. https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/ofsted
Fulham Nannies We offer a personalised, reliable and trustworthy childcare placement service tailored to your individual family needs. Bringing together experienced & qualified childcare professionals with parents; allowing you to make the right choice https://www.fulhamnannies.co.uk/
Welcome to the Association of First Aiders. UK's largest association supporting over 2,000 first aiders, first aid trainers and first aid training providers. Whether you are looking for first aid training, medical event cover or first aid information, you have come to the right place http://www.aofa.org/
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London Directory Our directory lists thousands of London Web sites organised into over 1000 industry, service and subject subcategories http://www.londondirectory.co.uk/
Qualsafe.com is the new trading name for First on Scene Training Supplies, publishers of the UK's best selling range of first aid training books, First Aid Made Easy Qualsafe.com
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The Baby Care Company provides informative, practical baby preparation classes for 1st and 2nd time mums/dads-to-be http://www.thebabycarecompany.co.uk/
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The Hippocratic Post world's first global blogging site specialising in medical issues – Reaching out to medical professionals and students as well as savvy consumers in the UK and abroad to keep them abreast of latest developments in their field http://www.hippocraticpost.com/


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 23, 1996
|Filing date
|Jun 8, 1994
|Priority date
|Jun 8, 1994
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Sungho Jin, Mark T. McCormack
|Original Assignee
|At&T Corp.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (7), Non-Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (43), Classifications (23), Legal Events (9)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to solder medium for connecting electronic circuits and devices.
Modem electronic products including computers, telecommunication equipment, automobile electronics, and consumer electronics require circuit interconnection. The off-chip circuit interconnection and packaging is typically made with solder joints, either by wave soldering or surface mounting technique, as is well known in the art. An increase in circuit interconnection density is desirable for lowering the device cost as well as for miniaturizing the electronic products, which has been the general trend in recent years.
In high or ultra-high density circuit connections, the size of the interconnection contact pads and hence the size, especially the height of solder joints on them, is drastically reduced. As a result, the shear strain which is related to the ratio of the lateral change in substrate dimension (e.g., caused by thermal expansion mismatch) over the solder joint height and accompanying stress on solder are significantly increased. In the widely-used eutectic Pb-Sn solder, it is well known that the solder joint failure by fatigue is caused by the combination of cyclic temperature change and extensive plastic shear strain which in turn causes microstructural coarsening and crack initiation. If the solder joints had high-aspect ratios and were elastically compliant, their elastic bending could have accommodated some of the strain and minimized the amount of plastic strain on solder. However, most present-day solder joints are relatively short (e.g. spherical segment geometry) and, hence, deform plastically with little elastic compliance. In view of these considerations, there is a need for improved solder joint geometry to reduce the shear strain and to enhance the joint reliability during the service of electronic products.
Electronic devices having at least two components with mating contact pads are provided with high-aspect-ratio solder joints between the mating pads. These joints ar formed by placing a composite solder medium containing solder wires in an electrically insulating matrix such that at least two solder wires are in contact with the mating pads, and fusing the wires to the pads. The insulating matrix with remainder of solder wires is then optionally removed from between the said at least two components. The composite solder medium is formed by preparing an elongated body of solder wires in an insulating matrix and cutting off slices of the composite solder medium, the solder wires having a high-aspect-ratio of length to their diameter. Alternatively sheets of the composite solder medium are prepared by magnetically aligning solder coated magnetic particles into columns arranged transverse of an insulating matrix and heating sufficiently to fuse the solder in each column into a continuously conducting solder path.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a composite solder medium containing solder wires coated with compliant or dissolvable carrier matrix;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a longitudinally drawn composite solder medium containing the solder wires and compliant or dissolvable carrier matrix, and of a thin slice of the composite cut-off from the elongated composite;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a composite solder medium containing solder particles embedded in an electrically-insulating, plastically-deformable carrier matrix;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the composite solder medium of FIG. 3 after the composite solder medium and solder particles are longitudinally deformed and elongated, and of a thin slice of the composite solder medium cut-off from the elongated composite;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of an electronic device with a thin slice of the composite solder medium of FIG. 2 or FIG.4 positioned between circuit components of the device for solder interconnection;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electronic device shown in FIG. 5 but in which the carrier matrix is dissolved away after soldering operation;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite solder medium containing magnetically aligned solder-coated magnetic particles in an insulating matrix;
FIG. 8 is schematic cross-sectional view of the composite solder medium shown in FIG. 7 after the solder is fused together;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of circuit interconnection using the composite solder medium of FIG. 8; and
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 9 but in which the matrix material is dissolved away after the soldering operation.
This invention concerns solder-containing composite medium and soldering method using the composite medium that will allow formation in electronic devices of high-aspect-ratio solder joints for improved reliability. One exemplary embodiment of the invention is to create a high-aspect-ratio solder-containing composite medium by embedding solder wires, rods or ribbons in an electrically insulating plastically deformable matrix and then slicing the composite medium cross-sectionally to obtain the high-aspect-ratio interconnection medium with desirable height. The matrix is of a material which is either elastically compliant or can be dissolved away after interconnection. In order to achieve a relatively uniform spacing between the solder wires, a bunch of wires, 11, is coated with an electrically insulating medium, 12, e.g., by dip coating or continuously pulling through a bath of an insulating medium in a liquid form, and curing, semicuring or drying the medium forming a coated bunch, 10, as schematically shown in FIG. 1. Thereafter coated bunch 10 is drawn out into an elongated form, 20, to reduce the diameter of the wires to a desired solder wire diameter. Alternatively, a number of individual coated wires or coated bunches 10 are bundled together with additional matrix liquid, and cured or dryed to obtain a large cross-section composite medium. This large composite medium is then drawn out into elongated form 20 having wires, 21, with a desired solder wire diameter within a matrix material, 22. This procedure may be repeated until the diameter of wires 21 is reduced to a size of 50 μm or less, preferably less than 10 μm.
The drawn-out composite 20 is then sliced, e.g. by razor-sharp blade or knife, or any other cutting instruments, into thin wafers or sheets, 23, as shown in FIG. 2. Solder wires are typically mechanically soft and are easily cut by razor blade. The cutting can be optionally carried out at a slightly elevated temperature (e.g. 50�-150� C.) to utilize the extreme softness of solders at these temperatures.
The insulating medium in the composite is desirably mechanically much more softer elastically and plastically than the solder so that the presence of the medium does not exert any excessive stresses on solder during device service, e.g., by thermal expansion mismatch. Exemplary compliant media include elastomers and plastics, such as polyurethanes. Alternatively, instead of the compliant medium, a dissolvable medium can be used, for example, gelatine-,glucose-,fructose-, or honey-based materials, or polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl pyrrolidinone type organic polymers that are water soluble, or buthylvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate type materials that are soluble in solvent such as toluene or acetone. Optional additional materials and fillers may be added for various purposes such as viscosity control, plasticizing, etc., for example fine silica or alumina particles. The dissolvable medium is maintained as a solid throughout the stages of slicing of the composite, and subsequent soldering interconnection process, but is dissolved away after soldering is completed, as shown in FIG. 6, so that each of the vertical columns of high-aspect-ratio solder in the joint can be flexible without mechanical constraints between them.
Another way of creating the high-aspect-ratio solder-containing composite medium is to use solder particles, 31, dispersed in a plastically deformable matrix, 32, e.g. thermoplastic polymer, plasticized rubber, clay type material with appropriate mechanical strength forming a composite structure, 33. Heat-softenable glass, salt or ceramic material may also be used, but these rigid materials are less preferable unless they are easily dissolvable. Composite structure, 33, shown schematically in FIG. 3 is then extruded (or rolled), into an elongated structure, 43, so that the embedded solder particles become elongated into "wires " (or ribbons), 41, as shown in FIG. 4. It is desirable that the mechanical strengths of the solder and the matrix medium are properly matched by choice of materials and/or the choice of processing temperatures, for example, so that the matrix is mechanically comparable to or slightly stronger than the embedded solder in order to achieve the elongation effect during extrusion. The mechanical softness of the solder can be significantly increased if necessary by carrying out the deformation at a higher temperature, e.g., close to or even above the solder melting temperature which is typically in the range of 100�-250� C. depending on the solder alloys. The extruded composite with the elongated solder is then sliced to a thin slice or sheet configuration, 44, for interconnection use.
The final diameter and density of the elongated solder wires in the composite depend on the initial size and volume fraction of the particles in the precursor composite of FIG. 3 as well as the amount of deformation by extrusion or rod drawing. The use of the particle-shaped solder in the precursor is more advantageous than the use of wire-shaped solder since fine solder particles of 20-40 μm diameter are commercially available more easily than the wire-shaped solder of similar diameter, and can also be present in a random distribution manner without the need for wire alignment, thus, allowing the production of small diameter wire structure by deformation with less complicated processing. If a 20 inch square composite, e.g., 33, containing 30% by volume of 25 μm diameter solder particles is extruded into a final shape of 2 inches square in cross-section, the average elongated particle diameter is about 2.5 μm and its length ˜1670 μm. When sliced into sheets and used for interconnection of 1 mil�1 mil contact pads, the number of parallel conduction paths (the number of high-aspect-ratio solder wires) per pad is more than 30. For the slice thickness of ˜10 mil (˜250 μm), the length to diameter aspect ratio of the solder wires in the slice is about 100: 1. A similar analogy about the diameter deformation ratio is applicable to the wire-containing structures shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings.
The preferred range of the slice thickness, such as for slices 23 or 44 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, respectively, is 1-500 mil and more preferably 5-100 mil. The preferred aspect-ratio of the solder wires on the interconnected devices is at least 2 and preferably at least 4 and even more preferably at least 8. The number of parallel conduction paths in the solder joints is at least 2 per contact pad and preferably at least 4. The diameter of each of the elongated solder wires is preferably less than 50 gm and most preferably less than 10 μm. This is accomplished by repeated elongation deformation of the composite containing solder particles or wires and bundling the resultant wires or rods followed by additional deformation. This process may continue until the final composite form includes wires only a few nanometers thick. The processing or handling of fine wires with diameter less than about 100 nanometers has to be conducted very carefully, desirably in an oxygen-free atmosphere, as they could be pyrophoric.
The slices of the composite medium are then placed between the mating pad surfaces of devices to be interconnected, and soldered, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. As is shown in FIG. 5, a slice, 51, of the composite solder medium, such as slice 23 or 44 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, respectively, is placed between contact pads, 52, of circuit component, 53, and contact pads, 54, of another circuit component or mother board, 55. Solder slice 51, includes solder wires, 56, embedded in the compliant medium or matrix, 57. Appropriate flux may be used to improve the solder wetting.
The as-sliced composite solder of FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 has its matrix surface flush with the cut ends of solder wires, rods, or ribbons. This configuration is not always amenable to easy soldering operation. Therefore, it is desirable to make the ends of the solder wires to protrude, e.g., by slight dissolution of the surface of the matrix if it is made up of dissolvable material, or by addition of solder material onto the exposed ends of the solder wires in the sliced sheet, e.g. by electroplating, electroless plating of solder, or dip-coating in a molten solder bath similarly as in wave soldering, so that the ends of wires, 56, protrude above the surface of the compliant medium or matrix. During the interconnection soldering of the mating devices, the protruding solder will melt and either completely wet the mating surfaces of contact pads, 52 and 54, if the molten solder wetting contact angle is low (e.g., 37Pb-63Sn eutectic solder on Cu surface or 87Sn-8Zn-5In solder on Au-finish surface) or only partially wet the surfaces of these pads if the contact angle is high (e.g., Sn-Zn-In solder on Cu surface). The degree of desired wetting is adjustable by proper choice of solder, pad surface, flux and other parameters.
The subdivided nature of the solder material on each soldering pad is an added beneficial feature. The thin elongated solder geometry allows easier elastic bending than thicker solder joint, and induces a stress state close to plain-stress condition than a plain-strain condition so that higher fracture toughness is exhibited by the solder material. The fact that there are multiple paths for electrical conduction is an added advantage in that the chance of catastrophic failure (no electrical conduction) by the mechanical fracture of the solder joint is minimized. This is especially important for area-array solder interconnection of mating devices where the inspection or repair of solder joints is rather difficult.
Yet another way of creating the high-aspect-ratio solder-containing medium is by using magnetic field alignment in combination with solder-particle fusion. As reported by S. Jin et al in J. Appl. Physics, Vol. 64, p. 6008 (1988), the use of vertical magnetic field creates a laterally-separated, vertical chain-of-sphere arrangement of magnetic particles in a viscous matrix. By coating magnetic particles, 71, see FIG. 7 with solder, mixing solder-coated magnetic particles, 72, with either compliant or dissolvable liquid matrix material, 73, exposing the mixture to a magnetic field and solidifying, curing or semicuring the matrix liquid, a structure, 74, (schematically illustrated in FIG. 7) is obtained. This structure provides an anisotropic, z-direction-only electrical conductivity with in-plane isolation. In order to minimize lateral shorting, the volume fraction of the particles in the matrix is kept preferably less than 40% and even more preferably less than 25%. The solder coating is applied to magnetic particles, such as iron, nickel, cobalt, iron-nickel alloys, or conductor-coated soft ferrite particles, such as to produce a solder-to-iron volume ratio sufficient upon fusion to form a self-supporting solder column. For example, 5 μm thick electroless coating of solder on 7 μm diameter iron particles gives a solder-to-iron volume ratio of about 4:1.
The composite structure of FIG. 7 does not provide continuous high-aspect-ratio solder conduits since the vertically arranged solder particles are only in physical contact. Therefore, the composite structure is heated to either melt or diffusionally sinter the solder particles so that they are fused into a high-aspect-ratio configuration, 81, as illustrated in FIG. 8. This process of fusion can be accelerated by optionally applying compressive pressure (e.g. by weight) or high vertical magnetic field that will try to bring the core magnetic particles closer. After the fusion process, optionally part of the matrix material may be dissolved away forming a fused structure, 82, or alternatively more solder may be added to the ends of each vertical column to make them protrude beyond the matrix surface for easier soldering onto the devices, as discussed earlier. Electroplating or dip-coating in a molten solder bath (such as used in wave soldering) can be utilized for this purpose. The density of individual magnetically aligned solder paths is selected similarly to that in the case of solder wires. Namely, there should be at least two solder paths per pad.
Fused structure 82 is then placed between pads, 91 and 92, of mating devices, 93 and 94, respectively, and solder interconnected as illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10, using a flux if desired to promote surface wetting. The matrix material can be left on if compliant (such as elastomer), or can be removed if it is dissolvable (such as gelatine), leaving a high-aspect-ratio solder structure shown in FIG. 10.
Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention is not limited, in its broader aspects, to the specific details, representative devices, and illustrated examples shown and described. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. An example of such modification is the use of the high-aspect-ratio interconnection, such as shown in FIG. 6 or 10 of the drawings, as a regular solder interconnection. In such a case, the solder wires or fused structures are further fused or collapsed after the matrix is removed to form the interconnection. For such use, the aspect ratio of the wire does not need to be as high as in the multiple wire path interconnection. Also, the high-aspect ratio interconnections may be used for construction of multilayer or multi-step interconnected structures utilizing various heights of the inventive medium. For example, chips may be attached in a mother board with a 20 mil solder joint height and then the mother board may be interconnected to another board by a higher, e.g. 100 mil high, solder joints.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 16, 1975
|Jan 18, 1977
|Technical Wire Products, Inc.
|Electrical connector employing conductive rectilinear elements
|Dec 11, 1985
|Feb 17, 1987
|At&T Bell Laboratories
|Pressure-responsive position sensor
|May 14, 1984
|Nov 10, 1987
|Raychem Corporation
|Chip carrier mounting device
|Sep 5, 1986
|Apr 12, 1988
|American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories
|Anisotropically conductive composite medium
|Nov 5, 1987
|Apr 11, 1989
|American Telephone And Telegraph Company At&T Bell Laboratories
|Fabrication of CPI layers
|Feb 1, 1989
|Aug 21, 1990
|Amp Incorporated
|I/O pin and method for making same
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|Sep 3, 1991
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|Electrical interconnection by a composite medium
|S. Jin et al., "Anisotropically Conductive Polymer Films With A Uniform Dispersion of Particles," IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology, vol. 16, No. 8, Dec. 1993, pp. 972-977. Technological background of the invention.
|S. Jin et al., "New, Z-Direction Anisotropically Conductive Composites," Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 64, No. 10, Part II, 15 Nov. 1988, pp. 6008-6010. Cited in application; technological background of the invention.
|S. Jin et al., Anisotropically Conductive Polymer Films With A Uniform Dispersion of Particles, IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology, vol. 16, No. 8, Dec. 1993, pp. 972 977. Technological background of the invention.
|S. Jin et al., New, Z Direction Anisotropically Conductive Composites, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 64, No. 10, Part II, 15 Nov. 1988, pp. 6008 6010. Cited in application; technological background of the invention.
|Citing Patent
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|Aug 26, 1997
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|Process for electrically connecting electrical devices using a conductive anisotropic material
|Sep 21, 1995
|Sep 15, 1998
|Mcbride; Donald G.
|Process for attaching a silicon chip to a circuit board using a block of encapsulated wires and the block of wires manufactured by the process
|Mar 9, 1998
|Nov 2, 1999
|Lucent Technologies Inc.
|Device containing directionally conductive composite medium
|Jul 22, 1997
|Feb 15, 2000
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Pb-In-Sn tall C-4 for fatigue enhancement
|Aug 7, 1998
|Apr 18, 2000
|Fujitsu Limited
|Chip and board stress relief interposer
|Jul 16, 1998
|Mar 6, 2001
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Pb-In-Sn tall C-4 for fatigue enhancement
|May 15, 2000
|Dec 11, 2001
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Pb-In-Sn tall C-4 for fatigue enhancement
|Jul 26, 2001
|Jun 20, 2006
|The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York
|Method and system for bonding a semiconductor chip onto a carrier using micro-pins
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|Feb 5, 2008
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|Conductive polymer foams, method of manufacture, and uses thereof
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|Mar 13, 2012
|Shinko Electronic Industries Co., Ltd.
|Inductor and manufacturing method thereof
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|Apr 16, 2013
|Polymatech Co., Ltd.
|Elastic connector, method of manufacturing elastic connector, and electric connection tool
|May 26, 2010
|Dec 17, 2013
|Intel Corporation
|Magnetically sintered conductive via
|Dec 28, 2010
|Dec 24, 2013
|Rogers Corporation
|Conductive polymer foams, method of manufacture, and uses thereof
|Aug 5, 2008
|Jan 7, 2014
|World Properties, Inc.
|Conductive polymer foams, method of manufacture, and articles thereof
|Apr 28, 2010
|Jan 27, 2015
|Intel Corporation
|Magnetic intermetallic compound interconnect
|Aug 23, 2011
|Mar 24, 2015
|Tessera, Inc.
|Interconnection elements with encased interconnects
|Apr 2, 2013
|Apr 21, 2015
|Intel Corporation
|Magnetic attachment structure
|Aug 13, 2013
|Sep 22, 2015
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|Aug 14, 2015
|May 17, 2016
|Intel Corporation
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|Mar 14, 2013
|May 31, 2016
|Nitto Denko Corporation
|Joining sheet, electronic component, and producing method thereof
|May 4, 2016
|Mar 21, 2017
|Intel Corporation
|Magnetic contacts
|Sep 19, 2007
|Apr 4, 2017
|Oscar Khaselev
|Method for producing a high-aspect ratio conductive pattern on a substrate
|Jul 26, 2001
|Feb 26, 2004
|Sangmin Lee
|Method and system for bonding a semiconductor chip onto a carrier using micro-pins
|Jan 23, 2006
|Aug 24, 2006
|Sangmin Lee
|Method and system for bonding a semiconductor chip onto a carrier using micro-pins
|Sep 19, 2007
|Jun 12, 2008
|Oscar Khaselev
|Conductive patterns and methods of using them
|Feb 6, 2008
|Sep 4, 2008
|World Properties, Inc.
|Conductive Polymer Foams, Method of Manufacture, and Uses Thereof
|Aug 5, 2008
|Dec 18, 2008
|Scott Simpson
|Conductive polymer foams, method of manufacture, and articles thereof
|Mar 16, 2009
|Sep 10, 2009
|World Properties, Inc.
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|Oct 1, 2010
|Apr 7, 2011
|Shinko Electric Industries Co., Ltd.
|Inductor and Manufacturing Method Thereof
|Dec 28, 2010
|Jun 30, 2011
|Rogers Corporation
|Conductive polymer foams, method of manufacture, and uses thereof
|Feb 23, 2011
|Sep 1, 2011
|Ainissa G. Ramirez
|Low melting temperature alloys with magnetic dispersions
|May 26, 2010
|Dec 1, 2011
|Rajasekaran Swaminathan
|Magnetically sintered conductive via
|Mar 1, 2010
|Dec 29, 2011
|Hideaki Konno
|Elastic connector, method of manufacturing elastic connector, and electric connection tool
|Aug 23, 2011
|Feb 28, 2013
|Tessera, Inc.
|Interconnection elements with encased interconnects
|Apr 2, 2013
|Aug 29, 2013
|Aleksandar Aleksov
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|Mar 14, 2013
|Oct 3, 2013
|Nitto Denko Corporation
|Joining sheet, electronic component, and producing method thereof
|Aug 13, 2013
|Feb 19, 2015
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|Feb 3, 2016
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|Oct 25, 2012
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|Method and system for bonding a semiconductor chip onto a carrier using micro-pins
|U.S. Classification
|439/91, 228/180.22, 228/56.3
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 8, 1994
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but not abandoned!
Telling their stories
All over the world, religious freedoms are denied to millions of people. Persecuted Christians Care Fund makes a way for you to help end the abuse, intimidation, imprisonment and sometimes death of Christians by telling their stories in print and broadcast media.
There have been more Christians killed in the past 100 years for their faith than in the previous 1900 years of church history. Indeed, today an estimated 200 million believers face persecution, particularly in the Muslim world, North Korea, and at the hands of Hindu extremists in India. Another 350 million live under constant oppression and discrimination. We must not forget them.
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Persecuted Christians Care Fund helps provide food, shelter, clothing, spiritual support and financial aid to Christians suffering the effects of persecution. We also support several missionaries in countries where belief in Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord can lead to severe hardship.
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Hi guys This line in /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf did the job for me: options snd-usb-audio index=-2 I stumbled over it because I had to do the same in order to make sound on my Mac Mini work. This doesn't render the device unusable AFAICS, so blacklisting it isn't needed. Thanks for your hints, my sound is back. :-) What I don't get though is this: Sometimes the sound would have come back earlier after updates, and sometimes sound didn't work for flash if the .adobe and .macromedia folders were present in my home folder. Strange, no answers to that. Whatever. The current solution works. HTH, ändu
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OWC USB-C 10-Port Dock with 80 Watt Power Supply - Silver.
Network and Expansion › Hub
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◦ OS X 10.10 or later1
◦ Windows 10 or later
- Driver
◦ Driver required for OS X for Ethernet
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- Note(s)
◦ Boot Camp is supported
Hardware Requirements
- Mac or PC featuring USB Type-C interface2
- USB 3.0: OS X 10.10 or later
- GbE: OS X 10.10 or later
Device Ports
- (2) USB 3.1 Gen 1 Standard-A
- (2) USB 3.1 Gen 1 Standard-A high power
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SD Card Support
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- Support for UHS-1 up to 40 MB/s
- Power Supply4
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- Length: 7.9 in (20.0 cm)
- 0.9 lbs. (0.4 kg)
Warranty period: 12 months
Warranty terms: Return to base


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|Message view
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|"E.L." <elev...@yahoo.com>
|Re: htaccess
|Tue, 06 Apr 2004 23:31:15 GMT
David, > Dave has shown you the way to copy pre-prepared files over. > FOR-109 is an idea about automatically generating them, which would > be a grand feature enhancement. Bear in mind that that capability > would need to be optional, because not everyone uses such > Apache-HTTPd-like methods as their web server. > > If you have any ideas in that department then we would be glad to hear. Here is my idea. Ok - so keeping in mind that I'm a forrest newbee (and I'm talking from a pragmatic operational point of view (hopefully) - here are my 2 cents: For this functionality (focusing purely on providing an access control mechanism that uses Apache web server): In some overall properties file (?forrest.properties?): - user needs to specify web server (right now - only apache will work), so something like: web.server=apache - If it is apache (or any other server I suppose) - user would need to specify the file name that web serve recognizes as a directive file. In apache (by default) - the file is .htaccess, however - it can be anything (changed via Apache's httpd.conf). So the next overall property would specify this: web.server.directive.file.name = .htaccess I believe that the above should be explicitly stated in forrest, rather than assume a default. Now as to the name of this property - it probably needs to be something more general (I don't know if IIS for example has a file that specifies directives, or separate files for directives, as opposed to access control - in Apache - its all in one file). Alternatively, this can be an access control property only - i.e.: web.server.access.control.file.name = .htaccess Restricting access to a particular part of a site involves 2 things: the password file (this is usually in user's home directory and not part of web directories served by the web server) and the .htacess file for a particular directory that needs to be restricted. Examples: password file: jsmith:IlH5ttPHI23NJI bob_jones:JKWELL008 .htaccess file: AuthType Basic AuthName "Password Required" AuthUserFile /home/foouser/passwords/password.file AuthGroupFile /home/foouser/passwords/group.file Require group admins Require user jsmith Personally - I don't use the group password file. In any case - one thing to keep in mind is that absolute path needs to be supplied to AuthUserFile and AuthGroupFile (if that exists). Furthermore, different password files can be used for different directories. So - a possible approach to specify the above: In site.xml: Have something similar to the external links type of structure that allows user to specify different password files (it doesn't matter if its group or user). Also - have the same thing for users and groups (for those that are used through many different .htaccess files. So it would be something like: <external-apache-security> <xml.apache.org href="http://xml.apache.org/"> <admingroup secref="admins"> ??stating group name as being called admins </admingroup> <totalsitepasswdfile secref="globalpasswdfile"> ???stating absolute path including file name of a password file (can be group or user - doesn't matter) </totalsitepasswdfile> </xml.apache.org> </ <external-apache-security> > Then in content directory have something like security.xml where .htaccess information is describe. Apache directives could be used to create xml tags: <authtype>Basic</authtype> <authname>"Password Required"</authname> <authuserfile> /home/foouser/passwords/password.file</authuserfile> <authgroupfile> /home/foouser/passwords/group.file</authgroupfile> <require> <group>admins</group> <user>jsmith</user> </require> For above - you could use those external references instead of direct names. The above would generate an .htaccess file (same data as in .htacess file shown above)for the content directory its in. The security.xml (validation wise) would require authtype, authname, authuserfile, authgroupfile, and one <group> or <user> or both. One more thing is that if the user doesn't want a groupfile - then they still need to have this field and put a /dev/null (forcing a good security practice). Things to note: I don't think that the other Require directive are needed at this stage. Is this at all helpful to build this feature? EL PS: Relevent info: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/howto/htaccess.html http://httpd.apache.org/docs/howto/auth.html http://httpd.apache.org/docs/mod/core.html#require __________________________________ Do you Yahoo!? Yahoo! Small Business $15K Web Design Giveaway http://promotions.yahoo.com/design_giveaway/
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The MVgo shuttle is a fare-free service open to the public and is run out of the Mountain View Transit Center in Downtown Mountain View. Our service runs on weekdays, primarily during the peak commute period, with the exception of the following holidays:
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Listen to free music played by avflox
Blip.fm is internet radio made social. It's easy to search for, play, and discover free music recommended by real people. Join today to create your own free station and start listening to @avflox.
avflox Don't say that everything's working when everything's broken. You smile like a saint but you curse like a sailor and your eyes say the joke's on me.


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Scott Davis Photography Photographer
Kathy RoseModel Female York, Pennsylvania, US
Mayhem # 1344515
About MeHey! My name is Kathleen but i like to either go by Kath or Kathy.
Modeling has always been my passion since i can remember. I am interested in commercial/
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me on here with the details. I will NOT shoot any porn or anything
that I do not not feel is tasteful. I will not go to any shoot without an escort.
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Tiger Woods television interviews leave questions unasked, unanswered
So many questions, and still so few answers.
A day later, that was the lingering impression after watching Tiger Woods, as always still in total control mode, made himself available to ESPN and the Golf Channel for a pair of five-minute interviews that were embargoed until 7:30 p.m. Sunday and aired simultaneously.
ESPN's Tom Rinaldi and the Golf Channel's Kelly Tilghman drew the assignments for their respective networks, and each managed to ask 21 almost breathless, rat-a-tat questions of the world's No. 1 golfer (and reigning philanderer of the year) about the events that have transpired since the Nov. 27 car crash outside his home in Orlando.
CBS Sports, which televises the Masters, his first event since the accident, also was offered a five-minute shot with Woods, but chose not to accept, citing the five-minute limit as being unacceptable. All three outlets were contacted by the Woods camp late in the day on Friday and the interviews conducted Sunday afternoon at the Isleworth Country Club near his home.
The 7:30 p.m. embargo was set ostensibly to avoid any conflict with the final round of the Transitions tournament on the PGA Tour. Those plans went awry when rain delays earlier in the day pushed back the finishing time, and both interviews aired at the same time Jim Furyk, one of Woods's best friends on the tour, was scrambling to secure his first victory in three years.
The Golf Channel's choice of Tilghman to conduct its interview was questionable, at best. In January 2008, she nearly lost her job as the first female shot-by-shot golf announcer. Following an on-air joke by partner Nick Faldo that young players on the tour ought to "gang up" on Woods trying to catch him, she added, clearly in jest, or "lynch him in a back alley." That comment, at the 2008 season-opening Mercedes in Hawaii, created a firestorm of controversy and resulted in her two-week suspension.
At the time, Tilghman called Woods, who she described as a good friend, and apologized for her comment, and Woods said he was satisfied with that response. According to the Golf Channel's website biography of Tilghman, she has since appeared as a play-by-place voice on Woods's highly popular video games, Tiger Woods PGA Tour '09 and '10, produced by EA Sports, one of his main sponsors.
Journalism 101 tells you that friends really should not be interviewing friends, or that broadcasters performing as journalists should not be handling interviews with people with whom they have a business relationship. Then again, the Golf Channel's journalistic standards often have been laughable, and while Tilghman did ask some of the obvious semi-tough questions, another choice of interviewers -- perhaps Jim Gray or Scott Walker, among others on the network's roster -- would have been far more appropriate.
Dan Higgins, a Golf Channel spokesman, said Woods had no say in who would conduct the interview, and that the Golf Channel, which followed the ESPN session, had pressed for more time for the interview, to no avail.
"It was our choice," he said of Tilghman conducting the interview. "The fact that she's been dealing with him for 15 years was a factor. There certainly was a comfort factor involved in the decision."
To her credit, Tilghman did provide about the only real news of the day. After the interview aired, she said that Ari Fleisher, former White House press secretary under President George W. Bush whose public relations firm had been retained by Woods, was no longer advising the player. His presence, she said, had become too much of a story in its own right.
Rinaldi, a long-time on-air reporter at CNN and ESPN, had no conflicts of interest. When interviewed after the session on SportsCenter about whether he thought Woods had been sincere, he chose not to go there, saying he would prefer to let viewers make that judgment for themselves. Good for him.


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ROSENBERG, Texas - Two people stole several purebred French bulldogs, valued at $2,300 a puppy, at gunpoint earlier this week -- dropping one of the dogs on their way out, then running it over with their getaway car, police said Thursday.
Jose Cruz, 28, was responsible for organizing the robbery, according to a news release from the Rosenberg Police Department.
Cruz, of Houston, has been arrested and charged with aggravated robbery, a felony.
The robbery took place just before 2 p.m. Tuesday, in the 2500 block of Third Street. The victim in the case told investigators the puppies and their registration papers were taken by the assailants.
It was when the pair were leaving that they dropped one of the puppies and ran it over, killing the dog, police said.
Officers booked Cruz at the Fort Bend County Jail. At this time, no bond has been set.
The investigation is ongoing. Police didn't specify if they're still looking for the second person involved.
2016 Click2Houston/KPRC2


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Capture the colourful Alms ritual with local monks; join students of a local school for their lessons; and deive into the serene life of a local monestery. Discover Luang Prabang through your lens with award-winning photographer, Bobby Lee.
Exclusive Complimentary in Bagan and Inle Lake
Witness the lighting of 1,000 oil lamps at the Shwedagon pagoda and visitis to local artisan workshops with Bobby Lee. Sharpen your technics while exploring the colourful culture of Myanmar
Exclusive Complimentary in Bagan and Inle Lake
Document this changing country before it's lost in the wheel of time with Bobby Lee. Extend your stay to include the breathtaking Inle Lake, home to the iconic one leg-paddling fishermen. Here, meet a local Shan family, and hear stories about the vanishing tribes and clans of Burma.
Explore the nostalgia Cuba on its timeless colonial towns, picturesque villages and vivid local daily lives through the lens with renowned photographer Bobby Lee.
Unveil the splendid Persian culture and get stories of Iranian's unique, happy life through their friendly smiles. Follow renowned photographer Bobby Lee to discover the magnificent ruins at Persepolis, fascinating old cities, oasis towns in the middle east and the architecturally stunning city of Esfahan. The trip is concluded with a visit to the National Museum of Archaeology in Tehran - the Iranian capital, and the amazing Crown Jewels Museum.


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Medicare Special Enrollment Period (SEP) for Part A and/or Part B
This article was updated on: 08/03/2015
A Special Enrollment Period (SEP) allows you to sign up for Original Medicare Part A and/or Part B outside of regular enrollment periods. If you're not eligible for an SEP, you'll have to wait until the next General Enrollment Period to sign up for Part A and/or Part B, and you may have to pay a late enrollment penalty for not signing up when you were first eligible.
Some people delay enrollment in Original Medicare, Part A and Part B, for a variety of reasons. For example, if you have group health coverage when you're first eligible for Medicare, you may wait to sign up for Medicare Part B to avoid paying another premium. Similarly, you may also decide to delay Medicare Part A enrollment if you don't qualify for premium-free Part A. In these cases, an SEP for Part A and Part B may be available.
Normally, you'd enroll in Medicare Part A and/or Part B during your Initial Enrollment Period. This is the seven-month period that starts three months before your 65th birthday, includes the month you turn 65, and ends three months later. Other people may enroll in Medicare Part A and/or Part B before 65 if they have certain disabilities and receive disability benefits for 24 consecutive months. If you qualify for Medicare based on disability, including end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or Lou Gehrig's disease, you don't need a Special Enrollment Period to sign up for Medicare.
If you missed your Initial Enrollment Period, you can also enroll in Part A and/or Part B during the General Enrollment Period, the open enrollment for Original Medicare that occurs from January 1 to March 31 every year. If you enroll in Medicare Part A and/or B during the General Enrollment Period, it will become effective July 1 of that year. However, keep in mind that you may have to pay a late enrollment penalty for not signing up when you were first eligible. If you pay a premium for Medicare Part A, this penalty is a 10% higher premium for twice the number of years you were eligible for Part A, but didn't enroll. For example, if you were eligible for Medicare Part A for 4 years, but didn't enroll, then you'll have to pay a 10% higher premium for 8 years. If you don't sign up for Part B when you're first eligible or if you drop it without having other health coverage, you may have to pay a 10% higher premium for every 12 month period that you were eligible for Part B, but didn't join.
Certain situations may qualify you to enroll in Part A and/or Part B using a Special Enrollment Period. Some qualifying situations may include:
- If you had other health coverage, such as through an employer.
- If you were volunteering in a foreign country.
- If you have TRICARE and qualify for Medicare because of disability, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or Lou Gehrig's disease (ALS).
- If you were living overseas when you turned 65.
Special Enrollment Period for the working aged
If you (or your spouse) are still working when you turn 65 and have group coverage through an employer or union, you can delay Part A and/or Part B and enroll with a Special Enrollment Period when your health coverage or that employment ends. You may not have to pay a late enrollment penalty for not enrolling when you were first eligible.
The health coverage must be based on current employment (either through your work or your spouse's employer). You can either enroll in Part A and/or Part B while you're still covered through the group plan or with the eight-month Special Enrollment Period that starts the month that your insurance or the employment that it's based on ends, whichever happens first. This Special Enrollment period occurs regardless of whether you decide to get COBRA coverage.
Keep in mind that COBRA and retiree health insurance don't count as coverage based on current employment and won't qualify you for an SEP when it ends. You also won't get a Special Enrollment Period if your group coverage or employment ends during your Initial Enrollment Period. In that case, you'd join Part A and/or Part B during your Initial Enrollment Period.
Special Enrollment Period for international volunteers
Individuals volunteering in a foreign country may be able to enroll in Part A and/or Part B with a Special Enrollment Period when they return to the United States. To qualify for a Special Enrollment Period, you must:
- Have volunteered for at least 12 months outside of the United States.
- Have volunteered for a tax-exempt program.
- Have had other health coverage for the duration that you served overseas.
Special Enrollment Period for disabled TRICARE beneficiaries
TRICARE is health insurance for retired and active-duty service members and their families. If you're a retired service member, you must enroll in Part B to stay eligible for TRICARE benefits. However, TRICARE beneficiaries who qualify for Medicare based on disability, Lou Gehrig's disease(ALS) or end stage renal disease (ESRD) may qualify for a Special Enrollment Period if they didn't sign up for Part B during their Initial Enrollment Period. This 12-month SEP starts on:
- The last day of the person's Initial Enrollment Period, or
- The month that the person is notified of Part A enrollment.
This Special Enrollment Period can only be used one time during the TRICARE beneficiary's lifetime.
Special Enrollment Period if you were living overseas
There are other situations where you can enroll in Medicare outside of normal enrollment periods without a Special Enrollment Period. This includes if you were living in a foreign country when you turned 65 and were first eligible for Medicare. Since you need to be living in the United States to have Part B, you can sign up in the first month after you return back to the country. This only applies if you were overseas and not receiving Social Security benefits when you turned 65. Otherwise, you may have to pay a Part B penalty when you move back to the United States. For more information on Part B enrollment for U.S. citizens living abroad, contact Medicare at 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227). If you're a TTY user, call 1-877-486-2048. Customer service representatives can be reached 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
Do you have questions about your potential Special Enrollment Period? If you're already enrolled in Original Medicare, Part A and Part B, you may wish to look at adding a Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Plan or a Medicare Supplement policy. Whatever you're looking for, I can help. To see more about me, use the "View profile" link below. Additionally, you can schedule a phone call with me, or request an email from me with personalized plan information. If you'd like to compare plans now, use the Compare Plans buttons on this page.
Call Medicare.com's licensed insurance agents at 1-844-847-2659, TTY users 711; Monday through Friday, 8AM to 8PM ET.
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"We applaud those in Congress who have refused to let drilling proponents manipulate them and the democratic process. Although there are some still willing to do Big Oil?s bidding, the drilling lobby and their allies will be hard-pressed to keep Arctic drilling in the budget knowing that it is dead on arrival in the House."
Related quotes
"In the early days of the DCC I preferred to let the proponents do their thing and then see how it all worked out in the end. Now we are pretty close to the end."
"I'm a huge proponent of exchanges, student exchanges, cultural exchanges, university exchanges. We talk a lot about public diplomacy, ... It's extremely important that we get our message out, but it's also the case that we should not have a monologue with other people. It has to be a conversation, and you can't do that without exchanges and openness."
"The evolutionary explanation for origins, although impossible either to prove or to test scientifically, is nevertheless defended by its proponents on the basis that it is the only explanation which is naturalistic, not involving the 'supernatural' element of a divine Creator."
"I've always been a proponent of having players spend a year or two in the minors. It could be a tremendous boost to his confidence, and his level of play."
"The chamber was a strong proponent of Red Run as commercial use. I don?t think residential housing is the way to go along that strip."


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If you prefer a medium length with little volume, you'll love Salon System Naturalash in style 090. These lashes are made up of individual clusters of hairs with more volume and length in the middle of the lash - perfect to achieve that wide, 'doe-eyed' look.
Each box contains one pair of Salon System Naturalash in style 090. Lash adhesive is also included. Every single item here at FalseEyelashes.co.uk comes with FREE 1st Class delivery in the UK - including all Salon System styles. So what are you waiting for? Place your order now!


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Sock Advent Calender
Solo kids sock? – turn the lonely leftovers into a fun advent calendar to countdown the days to Christmas. This is such a cute fun easy craft to do with the kids. To make it a little more complicated you could paint the clothespins. Have other fun Advent calendar ideas? We would love to hear about them. Trying this idea? Let us know how it turned out, we would love to see pictures.
What you'll need: 24 socks, number stickers, ribbon or rope, clothespins
Make it: Hang a piece of ribbon or rope on your wall – you can make any shape you like, just make sure it's long enough to hold all 24 socks. Then, add the number stickers to your socks and attach them to the ribbon with clothespins. Place a special trinket or piece of candy inside each sock and let your kids pick a present every morning before Christmas. www.parents.com


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We give a comprehensive summary of the results on self-guided beams, bright spatial solitary waves, emphasizing the most recent advances. To be stable in a bulk medium, such beams should propagate in a non-Kerr medium. It is emphasized that all spatial solitons are generically the same, independent of the type of nonlinear medium, and such free-propagating beams can execute interesting dynamics, including spiraling around one another, self-tapering, periodically changing their shape, cross section, or polarization, and inelastically colliding to annihilate one another, fuse, or create a new beam. Most of these types of solitary-wave dynamics have recently been confirmed experimentally for self-guided beams propagating in different non-Kerr materials. Significantly, there exists no temporal analog (e.g., for pulse propagation in fibers) even for stationary spatial solitons of a bulk medium.
© 1997 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article
OSA Recommended Articles
Ole Bang, Yuri S. Kivshar, and Alexander V. Buryak
Opt. Lett. 22(22) 1680-1682 (1997)
Vsevolod V. Afanasjev, Pak L. Chu, and Yuri S. Kivshar
Opt. Lett. 22(18) 1388-1390 (1997)
Anton S. Desyatnikov, Dragomir Neshev, Elena A. Ostrovskaya, Yuri S. Kivshar, Glen McCarthy, Wieslaw Krolikowski, and Barry Luther-Davies
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19(3) 586-595 (2002)


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Mortgage Rates are Even Lower This Week
Mortgage rates are lower again this week, continuing the downtrend into 2016. Thankfully, mortgage rates are not climbing as a result of the Fed raising the fed funds rate. Average 30 year conforming rates fell to a new low for 2016, averaging 3.73 percent. 30 year rates are down from last week's average of 3.80 percent.
During the past week, we have seen lenders listed in the database offer 30 year conforming refinance rates as low as 3.375 percent with points. The lowest 30 year rates without points offered was also below the average at 3.625 percent. Lenders are currently offering those lowest rates today.
Mortgage rates today on 15 year conforming loans declined sharply this past week. Average 15 year rates are at 2.88 percent, down from the prior week's average 15 year rate of 3.00 percent. The lowest 15 year refinance rates with points currently available are at 2.50 percent and at 2.75 percent without points.
5 year conventional adjustable mortgage rates are down to 3.00 percent this week, a decline from last week's average of 3.12 percent. The best 5 year adjustable refinance rates in our database this week were at 2.25 percent with points and at 2.625 percent without points.
30 year jumbo mortgage rates are currently averaging 4.15 percent, down a whopping 27 basis points from last week's average rate. The lowest 30 year jumbo refinance rates in the database are at 3.125 percent with points and at 3.50 percent without points.
Current 15 year jumbo rates are at 4.23 percent, a decline from last week's average rate of 4.37 percent. The lowest 15 year jumbo refinance rates in the database are currently at 2.75 percent with points and at 2.875 percent without points.
Average 5 year jumbo adjustable rates are at 3.80 percent, a decline from the prior week's average rate of 3.94 percent. The lowest 5 year jumbo rates available in the database are much lower at 2.125 percent with points and at 2.65 percent without points.
You can see a list of lenders mortgage rates in the state you live in by searching our database of rates at MonitorBankRates.com.
Banking Articles
30 Year Conforming Mortgage Rates Hit New Low for 2017
30 Year Mortgage Rates Back Under 4.00 Percent this Week
Mortgage Rates Jump Sharply Higher this Week
Investors Bank Mortgage Rates
Mortgage Rates Today Move Higher on Talk of Fed Rate Hike
30 Year Mortgage Rates Fall 3 Basis Points from Record Low
30 Year Rates Fall Below 3.50 as 548,000 Homes Regain Equity
30 Year Mortgage Rates Only 8 Basis Points Above Record Low
Mortgage Applications Increase 7% on Weak GDP Report
30 Year Mortgage Rates Hit Another New Low for 2016
Average 30 Year Mortgage Rates Hit A New Low for 2016
Brexit Sends Average 30 Year Mortgage Rates to New Low for 2016
Low Mortgage Rates Entice Buyers – Home Sales at Highest Pace in 9 Years
Disappointing Jobs Numbers will Force Mortgage Rates Lower
Competitive Mortgage Rates from eRates Mortgage
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Banking & Finance InformationPersonal Finance


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Great news for Marvel fans. Marvel's Agents of SHIELD has been picked up for a second season and Agent Peggy Carter is getting her own show on ABC.
Based on the short film included in the Iron Man 3 DVD release, Agent Carter will go straight to series starring Hayley Atwell.
The show will pick up a year after the events of Captain America: The First Avenger and will give viewers a chance to see what happened to Peggy after Cap went into the deep freeze.
From The Hollywood Reporter:
The story is set in 1946 and peace has dealt Peggy Carter a serious blow as she finds herself marginalized when the men return home from fighting abroad. Working for the covert SSR (Strategic Scientific Reserve), Peggy must balance doing administrative work and going on secret missions for Howard Stark all while trying to navigate life as a single woman in America, in the wake of losing the love of her life — Steve Rogers.
Sources tell The Hollywood Reporter that Agent Carter will be a short-order series and likely used as a "bridge show" to air during the second season hiatus of Marvel's Agents of SHIELD, with both series ultimately being tied-in together.


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Excellent idea.
This is a great idea. Throw their POS ideas back in their face.
Zactly..! We need to save, while also eliminating ALL threats to the Preezie ONCE AND FOR ALL...!
This will REALLY show all the bad guys out there we really mean biz..!
No guns around the Preezie AT ALL..! Zip, zero, nada —TOTAL SAFETY..!
Sheer brilliance..!
If the President doesn't feel we the Populace don't require protection than he doesn't either.
The Secret Service should be dissolved.
Wait —why not do for all of DC what we would do for the Preezie..?
Gun free zone for the ENTIRE District of Columbia..!
All cops —flashlights or bananas.
I love when the Right uses Alinsky's rules against the Leftists.
So would this mean if Obama came walking down your street or mind, that whatever weapons were owned by residents on said street, they would have to be surrendered first before "The One" deigned to walk down your street or mine?
I'd vote for that!
I'd vote for that!
This needs to go to the NRA/Wayne Lapierre.
Imagine the NRA membership getting behind this and signing the petition.
if our president and most peopel in power have the right to be protected by guns- then why are we as American citizwens even questioning the right to own guns ourselves? This shouldn't ev en be a discussion- we have the RIGHT to self protection using deadly force- just as the dear leader and everyoen in congress has a right to be protected-
Lapierre NEEDS to tell the president that as soon asw the government gives up the right to bear arms, the people then MAY CONCIDER doing likewise- (although probalby not- because we will STILL be vulnerable to criminals and violent acts agaisnt us- as well as becoming vulnerable to a tyranical government which is what our forefathers wished to avoid for we the people!
Everyone's afraid to sign it..
Expand these gun free zones around media buildings also...
I do believe that petition was pulled. Nice try, though.
It is up to 94. I am pleased to say that I was in the first 100. We can do this.


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Question About Stress Free Support System
Decorating By CakePrincessHolly Updated 13 Jul 2008 , 8:01pm by CakePrincessHolly
I have a question for everyone who owns this. Is it wrong to use disks that are about the same size as the cake? I own the system and have used it with no problems but, I just noticed you are supposed to use disks that are smaller than the cake. I needed some opinions on this matter.
I generally use the one that is closest to the size of cake I'm supporting. I don't know if that's "right" or not, but it works for me.
Thanks for your reply. That's usually what I do also. Just wanted to make sure.


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- Trending Now: More Trending:
- Svengali syzygy hegemon repugnant white nationalist, white supremacist
in real life
Definition of in real life
: in a real situation : in actual existence We can laugh at things in movies that would scare us in real life.
Word by Word Definitions
: of or relating to fixed, permanent, or immovable things (such as lands or tenements)
: not artificial, fraudulent, or illusory : genuine
: being precisely what the name implies
: a real thing
: a mathematically real quantity
: very, really
: a former monetary unit and coin of Spain and its possessions
: a former monetary unit and coin of Portugal
: the quality that distinguishes a vital and functional being from a dead body
: a principle or force that is considered to underlie the distinctive quality of animate beings
: an organismic state characterized by capacity for metabolism (see metabolism 1), growth, reaction to stimuli, and reproduction
: of or relating to animate being
: lifelong
: using a living model
Seen and Heard
What made you want to look up in real life? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).


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- Trending Now: More Trending:
- Svengali syzygy hegemon repugnant white nationalist, white supremacist
fiddle around
Definition of fiddle around
: to spend time in activity that does not have a real purpose They spent hours just fiddling around when they should have been working.
Word by Word Definitions
: violin
: a device (such as a slat, rack, or light railing) to keep objects from sliding off a table aboard ship
: fiddlesticks
: to play on a fiddle
: to move the hands or fingers restlessly
: to spend time in aimless or fruitless activity : putter, tinker
: in a circle or in circumference
: in, along, or through a circuit
: on all or various sides : in every or any direction
: on all sides of
: so as to encircle or enclose
: so as to avoid or get past : on or to another side of
: about
: being in existence, evidence, or circulation
Seen and Heard
What made you want to look up fiddle around? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).


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Batman: The Dark Knight Returns, Part 1 of two, 15th film in the DC Universe Animated Original Movies line. Animated superhero film, the two part adaptation of the four-issue story arc Batman: The Dark Knight Returns by Frank Miller.
76 Minutes
1280x720 4639 Kbps | 1920x1080 6689 Kbps
DTS 1510 Kbps
SUBS: English
Batman has not been seen for ten years. A new breed of criminal ravages Gotham City, forcing 55-year-old Bruce Wayne back into the cape and cowl. But, does he still have what it takes to fight crime in a new era
Download FileBatman.The.Dark.Knight.Returns.Part.1.2012.720p.BluRay.x264-UNTOUCHABLES Extabit
Batman.The.Dark.Knight.Returns.Part.1.2012.1080p.BluRay.x264-UNTOUCHABLES Extabit


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Shabby Chic Vintage Style Granny Square Rag Rug by The Sunroomuk
Welcome! You are browsing as a guestWould you like to see 2 projects made from this pattern and much more? create a free account What am I missing?
© The Sunroomuk
© The Sunroomuk
© The Sunroomuk
© The Sunroomuk
Shabby Chic Vintage Style Granny Square Rag Rug
Out of print. This pattern was available for £4.25.
Here is a crochet pattern PDF for a fabulous vintage style shabby chic granny square rag rug.
This sweet yet traditional rug can be constructed using recycled fabrics so is an environmentally friendly thrift project. Also adds an element of shabby chic to any home.
Measures 24" but can be scaled up or down easily.
Fabric used depend on what you have available it will then need to be cut to make fabric yarn. Further instructions on making fabric yarn can be found on my blog.


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Halloween witch by akitaryWatch
©2013-2017 akitary
For the halloween contest held by info: kovowolf.deviantart.com/journa…
My OC, Aki, is now a witch, and decorates the forest with pumpkins for halloween!
Her companion, the bat has candy weapons D: he will throw candies at you!
Now i have tried not to overdetail everything, like i mostly do... i may will alter the image later, as i want to add a little bit more details, if i have time
so, i had a high fever when i painted this image. i made a cleaned up version:
I do not change the contest entry to the cleaned up version, since that one isn't "halloweenish" enough.


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Interracial Hottie Cuckold Wife Filmed With Her Black Stud
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Blonde wife filmed sucking off her black stud by husband wanting to see her with a dark well endowed stranger to fuck her how he likes.
By: irlover
Added: Aug 1, 2014
Time: 13:55
Votes: 5
Favorited: 25
Views: 29556
Categories: hardcore interracial wife
- Posted by Eileen895 on 25 Nov 14
OMG, WOW, THATS SO HOT, my daughter said when she watched you make love, yes it was spectacular, love you guys, Best Suzy ( Eileen )


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Ask a Lawyer and Get Answers to Your Legal Questions
Dear Customer, thank you for choosing Just Answer. I am very sorry to learn of this 3 day notice. Unfortunately, it appears that your landlord has decided to initiate eviction proceedings against you. While I do not see any defenses from the information you have provided in your post (a failure to pay rent is grounds to provide a 3 day notice and initiate an unlawful detainer), there may be others available to you. I am going to give you a link to the California Department of Consumer Affairs website regarding these actions as it has a lot of information on how to defend yourself in an action like this and explains the procedure. http://www.dca.ca.gov/publications/landlordbook/evictions.shtml
I hope this is helpful, if you have questions about this or more specific questions regarding the process please let me know I will be more than happy to help. Best regards, Bill.


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cSpeedometer is a class that renders a speed meter as an image or using the HTML5 canvas. It generates round speed meters with a pointer indicating current speed, and configurable colored ranges. Images can be saved as JPEG, PNG, and GIF, or as HTML5 with JavaScript code that renders the image.
PHPSmartGrid is a simple PHP control that generates CRUD applications based on an Ajax data grid. It features sort by multiple columns, toolbar searching with the possibility to select different search operations, column grouping with summary, multiple datagrids, auto paging, integrated graphics with a MySQL database, a calendar system similar to the Microsoft Outlook calendar, conditional row/column, download and upload, and more.
PHP Clarke and Wright Algorithm is a class that can solve a truck routing problem with the Clarke and Wright algorithm. It attempts to solve the problem of determining the routes by which a given number of trucks with different weight and volume capacity will be dispatching deliveries to a certain number of clients distributed geographically within certain time windows. The class takes as parameters the nodes of positions of each client, the demands of each client, a matrix of distance between nodes, and the capacity of each truck. It computes the route for each truck, as well the time and distance to drive to each customer and the volume and weight to transport.