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Tag: Water Rail
Last light; Otter Safari 24/02/17
by martin on Feb.26, 2017, under Otter, Red Squirrel
After some wild weather the blue skies and fluffy white clouds, as I set off for a day searching for Otters around Druridge Bay and southeast Northumberland with Jo, Pat, Rachel and Dave, came as a welcome sight…
Now that we're in the late winter, wildfowl are looking at their finest and are starting to display with an impressive level of determination. Red-breasted Merganser were strutting their stuff in their engagingly comical bowing display, Goldeneye were delivering their similar, though slightly less elaborate dance and Tufted Duck, Mallard, Wigeon, Scaup, Teal and Pochard were all clad in spring finery, but the long-staying Pacific Diver remains alone. A pair of Common Buzzards were soaring against the clouds at a site where I've never encountered them breeding previously. Huge clouds of Pink-footed Geese were replaced by an impressive Starling murmuration as dusk approached, and Common Snipe were uncharactersitically obliging as they fed away from cover amongst Redshank, Lapwing, Curlew and Black-tailed Godwit. On a good day for mammal-watching we saw at least 2, possibly 3, maybe even 5, Red Squirrels and 3 Roe Deer.
With light levels dropping rapidly we had brief sightings of 2 Bitterns, as Water Rail squealed from deep in the reeds, and we were on the verge of admitting defeat to the Otters when Rachel said "what's that in front of us?". I turned to look, and the first thing I noticed were the Mallards quickening their pace…as they headed away from the Otter that Rachel had spotted on the bank right in front of us 🙂 We watched it for 10mins, until it was too dark to see it as it twisted and turned in the water, before heading back to Newbiggin.
Setting sun; Bespoke Wildlife Safari 05/02/17
by martin on Feb.06, 2017, under Northumberland Coast
Sunday was a second day out for Edward and Isabel, although this time a bespoke trip. I collected them from Greycroft and we headed south. Brambling was the first target on our list for the day and an impressive flock was alongside Nuthatch, Chaffinch, Coal Tit and a male Siskin. Red Squirrel was another target species for the day, and we enjoyed prolonged views of one, as another male Brambling called from a treetop nearby and Goldfinches plundered a feeding station. Long-tailed Tits fed just above our heads and Fulmar found themselves in range of Edward's camera as we had lunch overlooking the North Sea. Twite, Pied Wagtail and Sanderling on the beach were our first post-lunch stop and then we headed further north to our last site for the day, with a brief glimpse of a Stoat as it ran across the road in front of us.
Dusk often brings the best of the day and, as Whooper Swans swam across the reflection of the setting Sun, a Kingfisher dived from the reeds, a Water Rail flew between reedbeds, Grey Herons squabbled over prime feeding spots and the assembled wildfowl followed the progress of a Red Fox as it trotted along the bank. Once it was too dark to see anything in front of us we headed back to Alnwick.
Another great day out with clients who were really good company. It's never really any other way 🙂
The icy grip of a cold breeze; Druridge Bay mini-Safari 26/01/17
by martin on Jan.31, 2017, under Druridge Bay
Thursday was a mini-Safari exploring Druridge Bay and southeast Northumberland and the weather forecast had me donning layer after layer…
I collected Chris and Carol from Church Point and we set off. Getting out of the car at our first destination it didn't seem quite as cold as forecast – until we were facing into the wind, when it started to feel really chilly. Cormorant, Little Grebe, Red-breasted Merganser, Goosander and Goldeneye were all diving in search of fish and we continued on our way. A remarkable mixed flock of Twite, Turnstone, Pied Wagtail and Sanderling were plundering an ad hoc feeding station on the beach and Wigeon, Teal, Mallard, Gadwall, Tufted Duck and Scaup were all dabbling as Curlew noisily took flight, Lapwing were tossed about on the breeze and Starlings arrived at their evening roost, dispensing with the intricacies of a murmuration and diving straight into the shelter of the reeds.
As dusk enveloped everything around we headed back to the car, serenaded by a chorus of Water Rails from deep within the reeds and with an icy cold breeze somehow making five layers not quite enough!
Dusk; Bespoke Otter mini-Safari 27/12/16
by martin on Jan.04, 2017, under Druridge Bay, Otter
Our final trip of the year was a bespoke Otter mini-Safari around Druridge Bay and southeast Northumberland for Diane and Yvonne, who had booked following a recommendation from Claire 🙂
We met up in Newbiggin and set off on our search. Our first site had plenty of birds but no Otters, so we headed on to the site where I thought it would be good to be at dusk. A Kingfisher provided a splash of iridescent brilliance in the fading light of mid-afternoon and a group of Teal, Goldeneye, Mallard and Tufted Duck drifting away from a reedbed caught my attention. Scanning the reed edge with our telescope revealed a dark shape, twisting and turning but mainly hidden from view in the reeds. It soon vanished, but the ducks were still wary, so I continued scanning that area. After 20mins the Otter finally came out into open water and each time it dropped out of sight we tracked it by the current location of agitated wildfowl 🙂 It was clearly making it's way towards us and, after a few minutes without a sighting, it was suddenly running along the bank right in front of us! It quickly disappeared into another reedbed, triggering the begging calls of it's cubs, before reappearing in the water with one cub, as two more continued calling, drowning out the calls of Snipe and Water Rail 🙂 As a Starling murmuration began to develop, the calls of Whooper Swan and Pink-footed Goose cut through the gloom as they arrived to roost and eventually it was too dark to see anything out on the water.
A fantastic end to the year, and a welcome break from mince pies 🙂
Wax(w)ing lyrical about wildlife; Otter Safari 09/11/16
by martin on Nov.10, 2016, under Druridge Bay
There are a few species that really epitomise winter wildlife-watching, and they include my favourite bird, one of my favourite mammals, and another bird that never fails to excite…
I collected Andy from Whitley Bay (it's great to have him back from Mull for a few months over the winter!) and we had an interesting chat about plankton sampling and microscopy as we drove up the coast to collect Genine from Newbiggin. Genine's last trip with NEWT was a breathtaking pelagic in early September, and now we were out in search of Otters and any other birds and wildlife that we could find around Druridge Bay and southeast Northumberland. I suggested that we started with a quick search for Waxwings, just a few minutes down the road. As we approached where they'd been seen the previous day, a flock flushed from a rowan tree where they were gorging themselves on berries. We watched them land in the bare branches of a tall tree nearby and counted at least 120 birds, with another 60 flying around and landing in trees just along the road. In the cold and damp, we started our search for Otters, and were soon watching one as it fed on small fish. With hardly a breath of wind, the water was flat calm and we tracked the Otter's movement by the trail of bubbles it left each time it submerged before, after around half an hour, it left the water and vanished up the bank and behind a fallen tree. Curlew, Lapwing, Common Redshank and Oystercatcher were probing the mud along the water's edge and a flash of electric blue heralded the arrival of a Kingfisher, which played a game of hide and seek with us as Goldfinch and Bullfinch perched in the tops of trees, the disembodied weak winter song of a Robin came from the depths of a hawthorn and two Sparrowhawks tussled in mid-air overhead before one gave up the fight and flew well away. Long-tailed Duck, Common Scoter, Common Eider, Goldeneye, Wigeon, Mallard, Red-breasted Merganser and Tufted Duck were a nice haul of wildfowl as Little Grebe warily watched the spot where the Otter had vanished and Long-tailed Tits called unseen from nearby bushes.
The approach of dusk brought thousands of Starlings in a swirling murmuration before they dropped into the reedbeds for the night as the high-pitched yapping of Pink-footed Geese and the discordant honking of Greylag Geese betrayed the presence of skein after skein arriving from feeding areas to the south of us. Squealing Water Rails remained hidden and, as the last rays of daylight filtered through from the western horizon, Whooper Swans arrived. Big, ghostly and quiet on their approach, as they hit the water they began whooping and their haunting voices accompanied our walk back to the car in the dark.
Proper wintry cold, almost continuous drizzle, stunning wildlife and lovely clients – just a great way to spend a day in mid-November 🙂 We'll be running Otter Safaris, Druridge Bay Safaris and Lindisfarne Safaris right through the winter, so get in touch, wrap up warm and come and join us for a day searching for Northumberland's fantastic wildlife!
The enchantment of dusk; Bespoke Otter Safari 26/10/16
by martin on Oct.27, 2016, under Druridge Bay, Northumberland Coast, Southeast Northumberland
Whatever the time of year, that final hour or so before it's too dark to see any wildlife is invariably the best bit of the day…
I collected Gerry and Tracey from The Swan and we headed towards the coast for a day in search of Otters. Goldcrests, Long-tailed Tits and Robins provided noise and movement in the bushes, Teal, Mallard, Tufted Duck, Common Scoter, Wigeon, Gadwall and Little Grebe were dabbling and/or diving, Cormorant, Goosander and Red-breasted Merganser all emanated an air of sleek menace, Grey Heron and Little Egret stalked patiently along the edges of shallow pools where Black-tailed Godwits radiated elegance, Curlew probed for worms in grassy fields, Eider were just beyond the gently rolling surf as low sunlight illuminated the dunes to structures of extraordinary beauty and Carrion Crows harried a Common Buzzard as it flapped lazily over the coastal fields.
As the sun dipped towards the horizon, ducks and geese were silhouetted against a stunning orange reflection and an all-out assault on the senses began to build. First Starlings, just a few hundred intially, building to a murmuration of several thousand as wave after wave of birds arrived – some to join the swirling amorphous dark cloud overhead, others heading straight in to the reeds as they'd arrived too late to join the party. Water Rails screeched, squealed and chattered from the reeds nearby and Pink-footed Geese began arriving as Roe Deer grazed in the open as the cover of falling light levels provided them with a cloak of safety. A few dozen geese, noisily yapping as they adjusted their approach to be into the headwind ready for landing, became a few hundred, then a thousand or so, and eventually around 5000 with skeins arriving from south and north east. In front of us, the combination of sunset and dark cloud had left one sublime strip of orange light when Gerry said "what's that just there?". Sleek, sinuous and menacing, the Otter swam across the strip of light and out of sight from us, although the geese and ducks spent a good 5 minutes staring in the direction it had departed 🙂
As the clouds overhead cleared the darkening sky revealed some of it's gems; first Arcturus, then the Summer Triangle (Deneb, Vega and Altair) and Mars before the familiar asterism of The Plough and, appropriately as it was accompanied by the remarkable calls of Whooper Swans, Cygnus. A great end to a fantastic day, searching for wildlife and discussing otters, squirrels, Pine Martens, rewilding and post-industrial landscapes with lovely clients 🙂
Mini-beasts in the mist; Lindisfarne Safari 14/06/16
by martin on Jun.16, 2016, under Lindisfarne
I met up with Malcolm and Jill and we headed across the causeway onto Holy Island, in conditions that looked slightly misty…
The simple song of a Reed Bunting echoed in the mist as the curious hypnotic 'sharming' of a Water Rail came from deep in the reeds. As the mist thickened, visibility dropped and we walked around the north of the island, where swathes of orchids added a splash of colour to the grey of the morning. Garden Tiger caterpillars trundled across the paths in front of us and tiny hoverflies settled on flower petals. The mist cleared, warm sunshine broke through the thin veil…and then it got even mistier 🙂 Roe Deer watched us from long vegetation before bounding away across the fields as we continued our exploration of the ground around our feet. Reed Buntings, Linnets, and Stonechats were perched atop hawthorn bushes as Skylarks sang from high overhead and Meadow Pipits parachuted back to ground in their display flight. With the tide falling and uncovering the road back to the mainland, and leaving Grey Seals hauled out on sandbars, we headed back towards the car through as Sandwich Terns suddenly appeared from the mist taking a shortcut over the island and back out to sea.
So much to see, whatever the weather 🙂
Welcome home to Northumberland; Bespoke Coast Safari 28/04/16
by martin on May.03, 2016, under Druridge Bay, Otter
As I arrived at Church Point to collect Tom and Sue, the weather was slightly breezy but dry. The forecast suggested that it might be showery later during the afternoon and promised a bit of a contrast with Tom and Sue's home country of Australia. Tom's a Northumbrian so I was really looking forward to showing him parts of the coast that he wasn't familiar with, hopefully with the weather showcasing Druridge Bay and southeast Northumberland at its best…
Cormorants air-dried their wings in the stiffening breeze and a Coot took umbrage at a Moorhen that was doing nothing more sinister than just wandering along the water's edge, Woodpigeons, Jackdaws, Greylag Geese and Canada Geese speckled the dark grey sky. A typically nervous Great Spotted Woodpecker watched us warily from behind a tree trunk, Tree Sparrows were chipping in the hedgerows, a Magpie was going back and forth presumably from it's nest, Robins flicked across paths just ahead of us, Curlew, Redshank and Oystercatcher probed in the mud in conditions that were starting to resemble the winter and a Little Egret was a shockingly bright bundle of white feathers in an ever darkening vista of Northumberland's coastal wildlife as Avocets, delicate visions in black and white, swept their heads from side to side through shallow water in seach of food.
Great Crested Grebes comported themselves with their usual elegance as more Cormorants stood hunched in the wind and then, as Chiffchaff and Willow Warbler must have been wondering if they were in the right place at the right time of year, the heavens unleashed hail, sleet and snow from an apocalyptic sky and a Water Rail scurried mouse-like between reedbeds as two Otter cubs appeared just beyond the grebes 🙂 Their first appearance was fleeting, just a few seconds before they vanished from sight behind a reedbed. Then they were back, and porpoising side by side, back and forth, before once again heading into the shelter of the reeds.
As Fulmars soared along the clifftops and Gannets rode the uplift just above the waves offshore, we ended the day with the clouds overhead breaking to reveal blue sky and sunshine in a remarkable area of glorious weather that was surrounded in every direction by leaden grey clouds and storms. Atmospheric wildlife watching…
Here come the Scandinavians; Druridge Bay Birdwatching 26/10/2015
by martin on Oct.28, 2015, under Druridge Bay
October, mist, drizzle, winds off the sea…
I collected Bernard from Newbiggin and we headed north to begin a day birdwatching around Druridge Bay and southeast Northumberland. A very obliging Dipper was singing from a mid-stream rock, before it started feeding. If you've never seen a Dipper feeding, put it on your list of things that you really need to see! As Common Redshank and Curlew probed in gooey estuarine mud, we could see a wave of panic spreading towards us from the north. First, the air was filled with Greylag and Pink-footed Geese, Woodpigeon, Rook, Carrion Crow and Jackdaw. Then Wigeon, Mallard, Canada Geese and Curlew took flight and 20 Black-tailed Godwit passed overhead. A few minutes later the cause of all the consternation put in an appearance – a female Sparrowhawk, menacing and muscular as she followed the coast southwards. Then a sight, and sound, that always warms my heart as 20 Redwing and 6 Fieldfare, winter visitors from Scandinavia, flew over. More waders and wildfowl featured during the afternoon; Goldeneye, Red-breasted Merganser, Gadwall, Little Grebe, Common Snipe, Dunlin, Lapwing and Golden Plover resplendent in low autumn sunlight. A Water Rail wandered out of the reeds and our final new bird for the day was an elegant female Pintail, as the calls of Redwing and Fieldfare continued to cut through the afternoon air.
Panic; Otter Safari 24/10/2015
by martin on Oct.28, 2015, under Druridge Bay, Otter, Southeast Northumberland
There's little that gets my heart racing as much as that moment when panic spreads through the wildlife that we're watching…
I collected Anne and Keith from Newbiggin and we headed along the coast for an afternoon and evening around Druridge Bay and southeast Northumberland searching for Otters. First stop was lunch, overlooking the North Sea, with Eiders rafting just offshore and distant Gannets diving into the waves. Small groups of Starling were scattered throughout the afternoon and Wigeon, Teal, Mallard, Gadwall, Shoveler, Tufted Duck and Little Grebe were around the water's edge as we concentrated the search for our favourite sinuous, stealthy predator. One stretch of reeds suddenly had fewer ducks that it had a few minutes earlier. No great panic, no obvious departure, but definitely not as many birds. Scanning along the edge I caught a glimpse of a dark shape on the periphery of my vision. A couple of minutes concentrating on that spot produced nothing more tangible so I returned to scanning the entire pool. Ten minutes later and there was a definite departure of Mallard and Wigeon from that same reedbed. I suggested that this could well be due to an Otter…and Keith lifted his binoculars and spotted one 🙂 We watched it feeding for fifteen minutes before it slipped mysteriously beneath the surface and didn't reappear. Mass panic among the ducks on the opposite edge of the pool wasn't down to the Otter, but instead caused by a female Marsh Harrier drifting slowly north.
As dusk approached, Grey Herons were stalking through the shallows, Common Snipe emerged from long vegetation to probe for worms along the water's edge, a Water Rail was squealing from the depths of a reedbed and Lapwing took flight in a tight, twisting, turning panic as darkness closed in around us and raindrops peppered the surface of the pool.


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12 Fortunate Drive 5 B-2,
Asheville, North Carolina NC 28806
$25,000 Price
Est. Monthly Payment: $107.36 See Details
0.340 Acres
3189625 Listing ID
Schedule Showing
Status Active
County Buncombe
Property Type Land
Property Sub Type Lot
{"zipcode": "28806", "price": "25000"}
Down Payment
Credit Score
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Loan Type
Primary Features
County: Buncombe
External Features
Financial Details
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Location Information
Elementary School: Unspecified
High School: Unspecified
Middle or Junior School: Unspecified
Parcel Number: 971021075000000
Restrictions: No Restrictions
Sewer: None
Water: None
Zoning Specification: other
Zoning Info
This Listing courtesy of United Real Estate Asheville
The data relating to real estate for sale on this web site comes in part from the Internet Data Exchange Program of the North Carolina Mountains MLS (WNCMLS). Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than LOVE THE GREEN TEAM are marked with the Internet Data Exchange logo. The broker providing the data believes it to be correct, but advises interested parties to confirm the data before relying on it in a purchase decision. Listing information updated Wednesday, August 16th, 2017.
Contact - Listing ID 3189625
Mary Love
1238 Hendersonville Road
Asheville, NC 28803
Phone: 828-279-6723
Data services provided by IDX Broker

subset: commoncrawl


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There is a patience that we need with God. God requires constancy in what you are doing for Him. Impatience disrupts the work of God in the lives of his people. Impatience can cause a person to make avoidable mistakes. There is a patience that we must allow for God to do all that He intends to do in us, with us and through us. You can't write all the books that God has placed in your spirit in one year; that is not possible so you need to exercise patience. There are some things that I believe you did five years ago, that if you will do them now, most likely you will do them better. There are some of the books that I have written that now when I read them, I want to re-write them. Just as people must be patient with us we must be patient with God also.
The words patience, longsuffering and endurance are triplets of the same father. You need longsuffering with people; you need endurance when you are dealing with the devil while patience is what you need when you are dealing with God. The Bible says you have need of patience after you have done the will of God. Not before but after, so that you can obtain what He promised. Have you done the will of God? Stand and stand therefore! Having done all, the Bible says stand now and that "stand" may take you ten years. What is the all that God is asking you to do? What is the all that you know, that is right and that is required of you to do? Having done all is about doing what is legitimately possible for you to do. God is never asking you to do what is impossible for you to do! Patience is waiting for the salvation of the Lord.
As a child of God, keep using your small days to develop stamina for the long distance. Whatever God allows you to do is a long distance race. After you receive the calling and start, you must settle down to a long distance trip. Immature people always want to arrive too soon because to them success is a destination. To the mature, success is not a destination but an unfolding journey and even when you think you have gotten to the place of arrival, God many times says you are just starting. So be patient and keep giving your all, keep sowing seed and keep putting out your best. May you have sufficient patience in this New Year to step into all that the father has prepared for you in Jesus' name.
Prayer: Lord, I ask for a fresh baptism of the spirit of patience, that after I have done the will of God I will obtain the promise. I reject every form of impatience that makes a man miss out of the program and the best of God for his live in Jesus' name. Amen.


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Our 3-Car Carrier driver! Always helpful and courteous. Den has been with Midwest since 2009.
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Question: Identify the five steps in analyzing a problem using a
Identify the five steps in analyzing a problem using a decision tree.
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Of Nightingales That Weep: The Return to Narnia (Paperback)
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The daughter of a samurai never weeps. But Takiko, whose warrior father was killed in battle, finds this a hard rule, especially when her mother remarries a strange and ugly country potter. To get away from her miserable home, Takiko eagerly accepts a position at the imperial Japanese court. There, her beauty and nightingale voice captivate the handsome young warrior, Hideo -- who also turns out to be an enemy spy. As war breaks out, Takiko flees the court and is forced to choose between loyalty to her people and her love for Hideo. She painfully learns that whatever choice she makes, she cannot run away from her samurai honor.


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The lawyer who has been representing the family of Michael Brown, the unarmed black teenager killed by a white police officer in Ferguson, Missouri, this summer, will speak Tuesday night at Dillard University.
Benjamin Crump will give the annual Revius Ortique Lecture on Law and Society, starting at 6:45 p.m. in Georges Auditorium of the Professional Schools Building.
Before Crump's speech, Dillard President Walter Kimbrough is scheduled to make a "major announcement" in the Ortique Mock Trial Center related to the opening of the school's new Center for Law and Public Interest.
Crump has represented family members in high-profile civil rights cases in the past, most recently that of Trayvon Martin, the black teenager killed by George Zimmerman inside a gated Florida subdivision in 2012.


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Ignoring the symptoms is the number one reason people do not recover from adrenal fatigue. Accepting the low spells during the afternoon, the night after night of restless sleep and the diet-resistant accumulation of abdominal fat seems so illogical, yet why do so many of us do it? Is it because the doctor runs a brief thyroid test and tells us we're OK? Or because we're just too exhausted to do anything about it?
Whatever the reason and whatever your doctor thinks, adrenal fatigue is highly prevalent. It is also treatable. However, without any 'standard of care' attached to the adrenal fatigue label, a world of conflicting suggestions and unsuitable advice fills this void. Countless individuals fall into this trap and convince themselves that they are saddled with this state forever, when the opposite is true.
Your approach to supplementation makes a huge difference to the healing that occurs at the adrenals. The 'shotgun' approach, where a veritable cocktail of adaptogenic herbs. adrenal extracts, and high-dose vitamins and minerals are chucked down the throat is likely to end up causing unexpected reactions. Imposing a solution without considering what the body requires does not help the adrenals. Equally, relying on food alone in the hope that the body will heal itself represents an equally naïve strategy; expecting a weak body with impaired digestion to find sufficient nourishment from devitalised food grown thousands of miles away is overly hopeful, to say the least. In any case, the adrenal gland's requirements for nutritional support are increased at this time. Thoughtful, but not random, supplementation of vitamin C, B5, licorice root, adrenal extracts and an array of minerals is a prerequisite to successful recovery.
Providing the right ingredients is not enough, though. Taking away the triggers is just as important. You may be able to convince yourself that your light nights in front of the laptop make the following day easier to manage, but your adrenal glands think otherwise. The alcohol that you tell yourself 'helps you unwind' is still ruining your sleep. If your relationship with a significant other consists mainly of gritting your teeth and fulfilling your duty, then you really don't need someone else to point out that this relationship is doing you no good. If you have adrenal fatigue and you are training for a marathon, stop.
Most of these problems are factors that most of us are already aware of, but may still ignore. Those who choose their short-term wants over their long-term needs have plenty of time to consider the wisdom of their approach. However, a major obstacle in the way of recovery is rarely considered.
Chronic infection alters the function of the immune system. Not only does this directly tire the individual concerned, the secondary effects are that the adrenal glands get hit hard. Immune cells communicate with one another through the release of localised hormones called cytokines; the only problem is that these cytokines increase the pituitary gland's signal to the adrenal glands, and directly challenge the glands themselves. This all adds up to a heavy workload for the adrenal glands, who were already struggling to keep pace with menial day-to-day demands. The irony is that adrenal fatigue makes fungal infections much more likely, as discussed here. The bottom line is that, regardless of how well you remove psychological stressors and nourish your body, if your adrenals are being hammered all day from the effects of a chronic infection you are unlikely to get anywhere.
Everyone's requirements are different, as is the protocol required for efficient recovery from adrenal fatigue. Stressing the importance of appropriate supplementation and the changing of bad habits stands about amongst the best advice for adrenal fatigue sufferers. However, simply ignoring it and hoping for the best is still the worst choice possible.
Marek Doyle DipAET is a nutritional therapist and allergist with locations in Kensington, Chelsea and Basingstoke. He has been recognised as one of the top practitioners in the country, counts world champion athletes and TV celebs amongst his clientele, and specialises in the treatment of fungal issues and adrenal fatigue. His website is www.blueprintfitness.co.uk and can be found @marekdoyle and on Google+


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Redesigning the front of your home can be time and labor intensive, and costs vary widely depending on the materials, consultants and the extent of the remodel. Spending plenty of time in the design process, however, can save time and money in the long run and produce results you continue to enjoy for years to come.
Study the front of homes in your area for design ideas. Typically, the style should fit in with those of the other homes in the area, and if you're part of a housing association or historic district, specific requirements typically exist. However, the neighborhood might have a very eclectic mix of styles and colors, depending on location.
Assess which basic style you want the front of your home to take on. A country-style home includes a large wraparound, covered porch and steep pitch lines, while traditional styles such as Colonial or Cape Cod fit into typical designs of certain geographic regions. Consider the current style and keep the new design in the same or a similar style for a unified look.
Study which features you'd like to keep or change. You may want to keep the home's dormers, for instance, and simply add a gable or repaint the trim, which costs significantly less than removing or completely remodeling them.
Change the windows, if they don't currently match the style of the original home. Consider whether wood or aluminum frames work better with the home's age and style, as well as pane and trim style.
Research options for a new front door and hardware. Look for a style that fits your design concept and home's architecture, including the doorknob, bell, house number and additional elements such as knockers.
Collect a wide variety of paint samples to determine the new colors for the front of your home. Consider the color of other exterior materials such as siding, wood or metal, for instance. Considering adding bold accent color on the exterior trim or front door, or keep a more subtle color scheme if you want material such as cedar siding to take center stage, for example. Research colors that go with the home's original design and age if you want to design it with its history in mind.
Re-design the porch and front landscaping to go with your new home. Consult the local agricultural extension on which native and adapted plants do well in your area and provide pleasing color and fragrance and also provide screening or shade.
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- Photo Credit Siri Stafford/Lifesize/Getty Images
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What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
Jotforms stopped coming to my email on FridayAsked by trinityjax on June 28, 2016 at 01:36 PMJot forms stopped coming to my email on Friday. we have tried everything on our part, not sure where to go from here.Fri, 24 Jun 16 - 13:51
JotForm Support
The given email address has been added to our bounce list. Here's the bounce information from our logs:
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Reason(s) : smtp; 550 5.7.606 Access denied, banned sending IP
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Brickipedia is currently undergoing a change with the naming of part articles and this article's name may be outdated.
|Design ID: x885
|Years in production: 1966
| Available Colours:
Part x885, the HO Truck Mercedes Tanker is a 1966 HO 1:87 Vehicles part. It is a Mercedes-Benz tanker truck. It was only seen in one set, and is therefore very rare.


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Fluent Parallel Error
I'm trying to run Fluent in parallel on an AMD Phenom 9600 with an nForce 630a chipset on Ubuntu Linux 7.10 x64. The machine itself is headless and I'm using ssh to connect to it from my laptop. Serial Fluent runs perfectly, however, when I try to open a case in parallel using the following command:
~/fluent 3ddp -g -t4
I get the following error:
Host spawning Node 0 on machine "will-headless" (unix). /opt/Fluent.Inc/fluent6.3.26/bin/fluent -r6.3.26 3ddp -node -t4 -pethernet -mpi=hp -mport 127.0.1.1:127.0.1.1:40236:0 Starting /opt/Fluent.Inc/fluent6.3.26/multiport/mpi/lnamd64/hp/bin/mpirun -np 4 /opt/Fluent.Inc/fluent6.3.26/lnamd64/3ddp_node/fluent_mpi.6.3.26 node -mpiw hp -pic ethernet -mport 127.0.1.1:127.0.1.1:40236:0 The authenticity of host '127.0.1.1 (127.0.1.1)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is "removed for security purposes". Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
When I respond yes, Fluent does not respond at all and I have to ctrl-c to regain control. I do the same thing on my laptop which is a core2duo running the 32-bit ubuntu linux 6.06 and Fluent runs just fine. I tried having the machine ssh into itself just to add the host RSA key to known hosts but this doesn't make a difference. Any suggestions?
Re: Fluent Parallel Error
Try using the connecting IP 127.0.0.1 instead and see if that works.
Re: Fluent Parallel Error
When your machine is not connected to the network, it may have such an issue. In any case, you can try another mpi, like intel. Run it with -mpi=intel.
|All times are GMT -4. The time now is 11:47.


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Small Engine
Small Engine Troubleshooting Problems? Ask a Mechanic Now.
Hello, and thank you for choosing Just Answer. My name is***** our problem occur suddenly, as you were out mowing?
Is your engine a single cylinder Briggs & Stratton?
Thanks for this information. There is a possibility that you have either a loose rocker arm, or a bent/broken push rod. To confirm this, you will need to remove your OHV valve cover, and check the movement of your valves. The cover is held in place with four bolts, that requires either a 3/8" socket, or wrench for removal.
When you have an opportunity, I would like for you to check this ...
This will be a good starting point for you and me. It is not very difficult. If the push rod is our actual problem, I can instruct you on how to replace it.
If it is loose, you will need to reset your valve before you torque it down. After you confirm our problem, I can get you a video link, or specific instructions.
Just type a message into our discussion page, and I will get an alert indicating that you are back.
Thank you for checking. Did you check your valve lash with a feeler gauge? If not, try using a feeler gauge. Your setting should be:
Also, check to see if you are getting spark to your spark plug. Or, try a new spark plug. We can continue from here. Thanks!


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It only takes a minute to get started. Fill out our simple sign up form and login to the site.
This step is elective but will dramatically enhance your chances of your profile being viewed by others. Write about yourself, your interests and upload some good photographs of yourself.
Use our website's advanced search to pinpoint over 60s members who meet your criteria. Or just browse through listings and pinpoint members that you like.
Discovered someone who could be a good match? Send a letter to them or just a wink and see if anything happens. With a little luck you'll be on your way to finding your proper partner.
It's quick and simple


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Reports say Jose Mourinho's salary at Man United will be enormous
Reports in the UK press tonight suggest that Jose Mourinho will be pocketing £15m-a-year when he takes over the reigns at Manchester United.
With the former Chelsea boss being widely seen as a shoo in take over from Louis van Gaal this summer, now details of his contract have appeared.
The Mirror say that The Special One will be pocketing £15m a year, on a three-year deal, bringing home a similar wage to Pep Guardiola at Manchester City.
The paper goes on to say that personal terms between Mourinho and Manchester United have been 'agreed in principle'.
Tomorrow is a big day for Manchester United as the Ed Woodward will receive a grilling from the club's investors about the team's performance on and off the pitch on Thursday.
United executive vice-chairman Woodward will take part in a conference call with investors at 1pm after the club's first quarterly financial results of 2016 are announced.
United's share price has taken a tumble since the start of the year. On Monday, the price of one share dropped below 14 US Dollars (£9.63) for the first time since flotation in 2012.
At one stage on Wednesday afternoon, United's shares were worth 13.70 dollars (£9.43).
Woodward and his senior colleagues at United have pulled off some remarkable commercial deals recently, the biggest one being the world-record £750million 10-year kit deal with adidas.
But the team's performance on the pitch is clearly a consideration for those considering buying shares in the club.
United may have earned a creditable 1-1 draw at Chelsea last weekend, but they are now six points off the Champions League qualification places with 13 games to go in the Barclays Premier League season.
The club have not denied reports they have held talks with Mourinho about replacing beleaguered manager Louis van Gaal, who has launched a series of attacks on the media recently.
Anthony Martial admits the team have not lived up to expectations in his first year at the club.
"The team's results haven't been of the standard we'd have hoped for," the forward told Inside United.
"But from now on I hope that we can quickly get back into the top three."
The 20-year-old Frenchman, who has been one of the few impressive players on display at Old Trafford this season, wants to put a smile back on the faces of the fans by winning some silverware.
"I am very determined (to win something)," the £36million signing added.
"The key thing is that it is all about winning, so I hope I can be lifting some trophies as soon as possible."


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Peace in the Lord! Welcome to the Website for the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception! At this site I invite you to pass through "doorways" or links which give glimpses into the multi-faceted life of the Cathedral Parish. Also, I join with Bishop J. Terry Steib, Bishop of Memphis, in inviting you to come through the main doorway of our beautiful Cathedral and join us in worship and witness.
Become a Member
The 2017 Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Mass and Celebration will take place again at the Cathedral of Immaculate Conception, 1695 Central Ave., on January 16, 2017 at 9:30 AM with a prelude by the Voices of St. Augustine. The theme is "Living the Legacy of Peace and Justice." The celebrant and homilist is Most Rev. Martin D. Holley, Bishop of Memphis. The choir is the Voices of St. Augustine with Mr. Robert Clayborn, director and pianist. Liturgical dancers are the St. Augustine Liturgical Dancers and the Barbara Tyler drummers. Mrs. Bertha Gilmore, director of Religious Education at St. Augustine Church, will be the recipient of the Dr. James W. Hose Evangelization Award. The Sister Thea Bowman Service Awards go to Holy Spirit Church Lunch Servers at Holy Names on Mondays and the St. Louis Church Lunch Servers at Holy Names on Wednesdays. All are invited to come.
The Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary - Our Patronal Feast day of our parish and the United States of America, also a Holy day of obligation. Chosen by God, Mary reverses the sin of Even. Because of her obedience, God's salvation is made known to all nations. Originating in the 7th century, feast of the "Conception of Mary by St. Anne," Pope Clement XI, in his Bull, Commissi Nobis, established this Solemnity for teh entire Church in 1708; patroness of the USA, Spain, Tanzania and the Democratic Republic fo the Congo.
We will celebrate Masses for this Holy Day as follows:
The Cathedral offers alternate gift giving for your Christmas Giving list! Consider giving a gift of charity in honor of your loved ones. Click on the Christmas Giving button to learn more.


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STARmeterSEE RANK
Up 92,605 this week
Bernard Braden (1916–1993)
Bernard Braden was born on May 16, 1916 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He was an actor and producer, known for The Sweepstakes Game (1976), Now and Then (1967) and The Day the Earth Caught Fire (1961). He was married to Barbara Kelly. He died on February 2, 1993 in London, England. See full bio »
Born:in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Died:(age 76) in London, England, UK


text: Well Im completely new to travelling and really dont know where to start! I would like to go to Asia and then end up in Oz. Looking to go around September time. If there is anyone out there that would like a travel buddy or anyone who has some advice on where/how to start my plans then please message me :-)


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Taylor Swift Speak Now Track List
October 26, 2010 by Post Team
Taylor Swift Speak Now Track List, Taylor Swift is the celebration of their latest album this week as a preview to his new "talk now", the album, the track list has been released early. Fans can get their hands on the Taylor Swift is talking about the album this October 25, 2010. This will feature some of his more recent hits like "mine" also includes "Innocent", which is their debut song he sang on the MTV music video awards. These songs are written by Taylor Swift herself. There are a lot of excitement is expected in this third album is expected to follow in the footsteps of the success of their previous albums. Below is a quote from Taylor Swift herself.
There is also the fact that the album is called "Speak now", and belongs to the album as a concept and as a full track of the album, even more than you can say. I've been working on it for two years. Since we released "Fearless", I've been writing for this album and the concept and put it together in my head, I wanted it to be. I like to take a long time between albums to work up to the next and see what it is. We did the same with 'Fearless'. We put in two years between him [and self-titled debut album] and that gives enough time for me [to] write everything alive. You have to give yourself time to experience a lot of things, so you can write a lot of things. "
Talk about Taylor Swift album track list now lie just below. Check it out and see if you have already heard it all as Serena Gomez did. Get a lap pace, as we see what kind of new songs that will be held from listening to country singer 20 years. And here are the 14 songs on the album Speak Now "Mine", "Sparks Fly", "Back in December," "Talk now," "Dear John", "medium", "Story of Us", "Never Grow Up, "" Enchanted, "" better than revenge, "" Innocent, "" Haunted "," Last Kiss "," Viva. "
Please feel free to send if you have any questions regarding this post , you can contact on
Disclaimer: The views expressed on this site are that of the authors and not necessarily that of U.S.S.POST.


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$15 For $30 Worth Of Costa Rican Cuisine
Your taste buds don't mean to be impolite, but they're tap dancing around an obvious truth: you spend too much time indulging in fast food. Treat them to a quality meal instead with this offer from Antojos Ticos, good for $30 worth of authentic Costa Rican cuisine for only $15.
Come to Antojos Ticos for a memorable dining experience. You will enjoy fresh, flavorful authentic Costa Rican cuisine that's been expertly prepared with the finest, fresh ingredients. For starters, try the Empanadas or the Ceviche featuring Tilapia cooked in lime with onions and cilantro. Main courses include Milanesa de Pollo, Carne en Salsa and the classic Churrasco, a sirloin steak with salad and fries. There are delicious desserts, breakfast items and even a kids' menu, so bring the whole family and enjoy the culinary traditions of Costa Rica at Antojos Ticos.
Antojos Ticos offers authentic Costa Rican cuisine made from fresh, quality ingredients in South Plainfield, New Jersey. Their menu features a variety of traditional entrees, fresh salads, appetizers, desserts and a kids' menu. They're open Tuesday through Sunday serving breakfast, lunch and dinner.
Dine in only; not valid for take-out or delivery.
Merchant will abide by gift certificate state laws. No cash or credit back. Each certificate must be used in one visit. Not valid on tax or gratuity. Limit 1 certificate per table per visit. Certificate cannot be used in conjunction with any other certificate, coupon, special or promotion.
When new offers are available from this business.


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Goulet Q&A on a Thursday, what is going on?? Well, there's going to be a big announcement tomorrow, and I wanted to give Q&A its own day. Definitely make sure to check back here tomorrow.
It's been a busy week launching new pens like the Delta Unica in Orange celluloid, the Stipula Splash, and Lamy gift sets! I'm not done yet either, there's a bunch more stuff coming. Until then though, sit back and let's chat about product reviews, pen shows, Noodler's Art Nib Packs, and how men and women write differently:
1) Tom J.- email - ( 8:16)
The answer to this can be your guess-timate, I don't need hard data. But, what percentage of customers who buy a product take the time to leave a review of that product? I'm guessing it is less than 10%, but maybe not. These product reviews are so important to me (they have sold me on more items than not) and I devour them whenever I'm interested in a product. But, it seems like there should be more reviews of popular items than there are. Thanks.
2) Eleen Z.- Facebook - (13:00)
What would you recommend for a fountain pen to be used as a highlighter for students? And What highlighter ink would you recommend?
- my process isn't unlike what I do in most videos
- Color is really by what strikes me, also what I don't yet have/what's unique in the pen line
I just got the Noodler's art nib set as a gift. They're pretty fun, but I'm wondering: is it worth trying to smooth the non-tipped nibs? And are there any great tips from the artists on Team Goulet on how best to use these nibs (techniques, papers, etc.)?
- do whatever the heck you want with them, they're cheap!
- we're honestly still figuring them out
- my Customer Care team has been playing around with them and having a blast
- I personally just haven't been able to mess with them yet, honestly
I like the (Namiki) Pilot Falcon and the idea of it being great for flex (assuming I don't want to go vintage) is awesome. But I would be afraid how much you can actually flex it without worrying about springing it. How far exactly will the Falcon flex comfortably? Thanks!
- some people definitely overdo it
- we have a certain percentage that we just know are going to destroy their nibs
- we have been trying to think of ways to help prevent this
- these nibs are soft, but some popular videos out there show Falcons that have been modified for added flex, and people overdo it trying to emulate these pens
- should be able to get it to spread to about a .9-1.0mm width regularly, much more and you're pushing it
- better safe than sorry!
- I don't know much more about these nibs than you do
- I am working to get more offered in the US
- it's always a consideration of what can be made in volume and how much something will sell
- distributorship needs to make sense, often doesn't for obscure nibs
8) Henry- Ink Nouveau - (49:27)
- I wouldn't say definitely that gender matters, too many other variables
- there could be assumptions made about hand size, writing angle, writing pressure
- bigger hands: more pressure, lower writing angle, darker ink/thicker lines
- smaller hands: less pressure, steeper angle, thinner/lighter lines
9) Donna M.- Facebook - (54:29)


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design principles
Generally, all the principles of design, also known as principles of composition, apply to any piece you may create. How you apply those principles determines how effective your design is in conveying the desired message and how attractive it appears.
by. Tyana fisher
proximity is nearness in space, time, or relationship."do not operate microphones in close proximity to television sets"
proximity is balance is an even distribution of weight enabling someone or something to remain upright and steady.
the action of repeating something that has already been said or written."her comments are worthy of repetition"synonyms:reiteration, repeating, restatement, retelling
arrangement in a straight line, or in correct or appropriate relative positions."the tiles had slipped out of alignment"
the state of being strikingly different from something else, typically something in juxtaposition or close association.
White space or whitespace may refer to: Technology[edit]. Whitespace character, a computer character for the space between words; White spaces (radio),


text:
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Create impressive name badges instantly using your inkjet or laser printer. Each box of insert refills comes with instructions for setting up the operation format. Create impressive name badges using your printer. Comes with instructions for setting up the operation format.
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What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
Form FontsAsked by TheBudAdams on November 17, 2016 at 12:26 AM
Why isn't there Raleway from the Google library? How can I add it to my form?
JotForm Support
I understand that you would like to use a Raleway font in your form. As far as I know, there is a Raleway font from Google (https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Raleway).
Please see the instruction below:
1. Import fonts from Google Fonts to your form using the @import code.
a. Search a font
b. Click select this font.
c. Copy the provided @import code.
2. Go back to the Form designer under CSS tab and make sure to paste the import code on top of all existing CSS codes.
You can also use this following code:
font-family: 'Raleway', sans-serif;
Do let us know if you need further assistance.


text:
Almost every imaginable feature is standard on the 2010 Cadillac Escalade EXT, including a USB audio port for the AM/FM/XM/CD/DVD changer; Bose surround sound; a power-tilt steering wheel; Bluetooth; remote start; dual-zone climate control; leather upholstery; a heated steering wheel, front seats and mirrors; and DVD navigation. Edmunds observes the navigation system's "screen has a user-friendly touchscreen interface, and all controls are easy to find and use." Kelley Blue Book also notes "14-way power heated front seats," "steering wheel radio controls," and "rear audio controls" on the standard-equipment list.
Of course, the main feature of the EXT is the Midgate. ForbesAutos points out, "On a nice day, the window can be removed independently of the Midgate to let the breeze flow through the cabin." Kelley Blue Book calls the Midgate "pretty slick," but imagines with the Midgate down, "the entire interior is open to the great outdoors and all the security, weather and dirt issues that includes."
Among other available features is a sunroof, which is standard on the two most expensive versions. A rear-seat DVD entertainment system is optional, as are the Magnetic Ride Control suspension and its 22-inch wheels. XM NavTraffic is included on the EXT, but subscriptions must be renewed by the owner.


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2 1/2 year relationship.
Last week we had a misunderstanding and now he decided he doesn't know if we can be together in case I hurt him again :S I never did anything to him. Never question him look after him never cheated in any way. He questions me all the time accuses me of being with other men despite the fact he flirts with women on face book thinking I don't see it. When he told me he didn't know if he could be with me I just left I thought " f*** this I'm better than that." and now that iv done so he is chasing after me telling me how much he loves me etc etc. What the hell is going on
He doesn't know if we can be together in case I hurt him again?
2 1/2 year relationship.
Have an opinion?
What Guys Said 1
He sounds insecure, and now that he's lost you is desperate to be with you.
Up to you, if you feel he deserves a second try, give it to him, but I'd let him know to cut all that jealousy issues off.00|00|0
yeah he is definently insecure
but after 2 and a half years yeah we have our ups and downs
what gets me is how minor the miscommunication was and how he reacted.
what do you think made him insecure
Some people are just naturally like that, but it really comes down to feeling that other guys may get your attention or are better than him somehow, a common worry.
ahh I see thank you
What Girls Said 0
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Dubai visa – Dubai Visas Online providing Dubai visit visa and tourist visa service at reasonable price. Other types of Dubai visa like tourist visa, transit visa, visit visa and However, applying Dubai visa online has always been a easy option for many Holiday.
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See what people are saying about our services. This is just the beginning!
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Chris Jones, President/Owner, Jones and Martinez Architects, Inc. (clip above)
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José Ángel Manaiza, Jr. Instructor de Español con MALIBU A PLUS TUTOR, LLC.
[Translation of Spanish testimonial above: Dr. Jackson has shown herself to be very dedicated and professional in every way. And one of the presentations that she did about free trade and the advantages/disadvantages of exporting products and services to Brazil and Mexico. She showed us in detail the simple decision of doing business withMexico based on tariffs, free trade and costs. Really, the group in our class admires her, including myself as a Spanish instructor. We are very appreciative of knowing Dr. Jackson and her ability to speak perfectly in Spanish and English. – José Ángel Manaiza, Jr., Spanish Instructor, MALIBU A PLUS TUTOR, LLC]
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Dec 26, 2006
|Filing date
|May 2, 2006
|Priority date
|Feb 4, 2002
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Pasi Kolinummi, Juhani Vehvilainen
|Original Assignee
|Nokia Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (26), Referenced by (10), Classifications (5), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/345,006 filed on Jan. 15, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,062,583, and claims domestic priority to said application under 35 USC �120, which in turn claims priority under 35 USC �119 to Finnish Patent Application No. 20020210 filed on Feb. 4, 2002.
The invention relates to a method in a hardware-implemented semaphore lock intended for a multi-processor system. The invention also relates to a hardware semaphore lock implementing the method and to a hardware semaphore module.
In multi-processor systems, several different processors can simultaneously use shared resources of a system, such as, for example, auxiliary devices belonging to the system. Such a situation involves parallel processes on the hardware level. On the software level, in turn, parallelism refers to a program or software, in which processes, which are run in parallel, deal with, for example, a common data structure to be maintained in a shared memory. In this case, the data structure represents a common resource in view of the software processes.
Although the implementation of the present invention is, as such, based on the hardware, its implementations are related, in a wider sense, to the parallelism of processes both on the hardware level and on the software level. The invention can thus be applied, for example, in so-called embedded systems, in which the implementation of a single process involves functions on both the hardware level and the software level in a seamless way.
A situation, in which two or more processes attempt to use the same common resource, is called a contention. Furthermore, a contention situation involves the concept of a critical region. In general, a critical region refers to such a part of the program code which must be run as an unbroken logical unit, i.e. an atomic operation.
The operation of operating systems in a contention situation should be foreseeable; in other words, they should have a way of processing the critical regions contained in the program code in a controlled manner. Operating systems, such as Linux and some Unix versions, which operate in a shared multi-processor environment, apply software kernel locks to secure that only one process at a time has access to a certain critical program code region. Linux applies two types of kernel locks: so-called spin locks and so-called semaphore locks.
The spin locks are simple software locks of one holder, which are actively polled by software until the lock is opened. The spin lock can be formed, for example, by a variable which is stored in a memory and whose status is tested by software. If the polling by a process requiring a resource gives 1 as the value for the variable, then the resource protected by the spin lock in question is already used by another process and the process requiring the resource will continue to poll the lock. When 0 is obtained as the value for the variable in the polling, the resource in question is thus detected to be vacant and the process requiring the resource will set 1 as the value for the variable of the lock and itself as the user of the critical region. When terminating the use of the resource, the process will exit the critical region and write 0 as the value of the variable of the lock again.
A software semaphore lock, in turn, may have several holders; in other words, there may be several "keyholes" in the semaphore lock, and the number of the keyholes is determined when the lock is initialized. Consequently, several processes may have access to the same resource protected by the semaphore lock. If the semaphore controlling the use of a given resource is not vacant, the process requiring the use of the resource will continue to poll the lock until a keyhole of the semaphore lock is released and the process has thus access to the resource protected by the lock. When the lock is busy, it is also possible to place a process requiring the use of the resource protected by the lock in a so-called reservation queue, from which reservation queue the process is woken up by the operating system when the lock is released. The operating system will detect the release of the lock by polling the lock. If the number of holders of the semaphore lock is initialized to one, the operation of the semaphore lock corresponds substantially to the operation of the spin lock.
The implementation of software spin locks and semaphore locks will typically require the use of atomic operations in the critical regions of the program code related to the control of the lock. In other words, the system must be capable of securing that no other process can modify the state of the lock while the first process is first polling the state of the lock and then changing the state of the lock to reserve the resource to its own use. Consequently, all the processors in the system, as well as the bus protocols connecting the processors with a memory, and other interfaces must support the atomic read/write sequence. However, this requirement is not fulfilled in all environments using parallel processes, wherein it restricts significantly the use of software locks in the management of parallel processes.
Furthermore, when software locks are used in multi-processor systems, it is also necessary to determine the way of implementing the lock as well as its location in the (shared) memory space of the system. Moreover, a lock placed in the memory, that is, in practice, a given variable, cannot actively inform the process that the requested resource has been released for use. However, the process requiring the resource or the operating system itself must actively poll the state of the lock/variable in question to obtain this information, wherein the processor performing this task is tied to this task and cannot take care of other possible tasks while waiting for the release of the resource.
As to the prior art relating to software locks, U.S. Pat. No. 6,263,425 also discloses a hardware semaphore circuit, by means of which a semaphore lock can be implemented in a multi-processor environment. The aim of the solution described in this publication is to alleviate the requirements set for processors of the system in relation to atomic read/write sequences when using the semaphore lock.
The solution described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,263,425 is based on the use of a single-bit semaphore comprising, for each processor, a separate port through which the semaphore is used. With the value 0 of the single-bit semaphore, the resource in question is vacant, and correspondingly, the resource is busy with the semaphore value 1. In a contention situation, the operation of this semaphore is based on the fact that when a given process tries to reserve the resource for its use by writing the value 1 for the Set.i bit in the semaphore port, the semaphore circuit will simultaneously set the value of the semaphore preceding the moment of writing as the value for the Test.i bit in the port. In other words, when the process attempting to make a reservation now reads the value of the Test.i bit in the port of the semaphore, the value 1 of the Test.i bit indicates that the resource was busy already before the write attempt, and the locking was unsuccessful. If the value of the Test.i bit is 0, this indicates that the resource was vacant at the moment of writing the Set.i bit, wherein the locking was successful. The solution presented in U.S. Pat. No. 6,263,425 makes it possible to use the semaphore lock also in such an environment, in which the processors or bus solutions as such do not guarantee access to atomic read/write sequences.
It is an aim of the present invention to provide a more sophisticated solution for a software semaphore which is suitable for multi-processor systems and which makes it simpler to reserve shared resources in a system in situations of contention between different processes.
According to the invention, a critical program region related to the management of the semaphore is integrated in a semaphore module comprising a hardware semaphore lock or several semaphore locks, wherein some of the functions of the semaphore can be implemented by logic circuits. The semaphore module according to the invention is preferably shared by several or all processors in the system.
The basic idea of the invention is that within the semaphore module, each semaphore lock is implemented in such a way that the reservation of the lock by a process requiring a resource is effected by one read operation only, wherein the process can reserve a specific semaphore lock by clearly simpler measures than in solutions of prior art. The reservation of the semaphore lock by using only one read operation will secure that in a contention situation the lock is reserved in one atomic operation by the process, wherein the processors or bus solutions used in the system as such do not need to support actual atomic read/write sequences. Within the semaphore module, the read operation will automatically induce some functions related to the reservation of the lock and implemented by logic circuits.
A single semaphore lock according to the invention may contain several keyholes; in other words, several processes may act as holders of the semaphore lock and have access to the resources protected by the lock at the same time. The number of keyholes contained in the semaphore lock, as well as the shared resource protected by the lock, can be determined by software, which makes the lock and the semaphore module very flexible to use.
Another significant advantage of the semaphore lock contained in the semaphore module according to the invention is the fact that the hardware semaphore lock can use an interrupt signal to inform the system that there is at least one vacant keyhole in the semaphore lock. This will eliminate the need to monitor the status of the semaphore lock by software polling which consumes the resources of the system.
The invention is particularly applicable in multi-processor and multi-run systems applied in modern mobile communication systems. In such environments, the invention makes it possible to dynamically allocate shared resources, such as for example memory, communication ports, or hardware accelerators, between processes requiring them.
Thanks to the invention, it will not be necessary to implement the systems in such a way that, within the system, all hardware modules and bus protocols should support atomic read/write operations. Also, the hardware semaphore function allows more degrees of freedom in the design of the system than locks implemented by software. Furthermore, the performance of the system is improved, as the processors running the processes may reserve resources required by them in a more flexible way than in prior art.
The following, more detailed description of the invention with examples will more clearly illustrate, for anyone skilled in the art, advantageous embodiments of the invention as well as advantages to be achieved with the invention in relation to prior art.
In the following, the invention will be described with reference to the appended figures, in which
The semaphore module SB comprises one or more semaphore locks L1–LN. A single semaphore lock may further comprise one or more keyholes K1–KN; in other words, the semaphore lock may have one or more holders.
Further, a given semaphore lock L1–LN is defined to protect a given shared resource R1–RN of the system, wherein the single resource can only be used by a process which has become a holder of the semaphore lock by reserving the lock. This distinction between the semaphore locks L1–LN and the resources R1–RN is illustrated by broken lines in
The number of semaphore locks L1–LN in the semaphore module SB can be freely selected by software each time, and similarly, the number of keyholes K1–KN in each semaphore lock L1–LN can be selected as desired when initializing the lock. When the number of keyholes is initialized to be one, the semaphore lock will substantially operate as a spin lock of one holder.
A single semaphore lock L1–LN is visible to the system utilizing it (to the processors P1–PN) as a memory location L1 M–LNM in a memory space (not shown in
The semaphore lock, for example the lock L1, can be initialized by the operating system by writing the maximum number KN of holders, i.e. keyholes, allowed for the lock in the corresponding memory location L1 M.
According to the invention, a given semaphore lock, for example lock L1, is reserved for example by the processor P1 (or by a process running in the processor) simply by reading, in a single read operation, the content of the memory location L1 M corresponding to the lock L1 in the semaphore module SB. This is illustrated by means of a flow chart in
The read operation (block 20 in
If the read operation returns zero as the value of the memory location L1 M to the processor P1, all the keyholes of the semaphore lock L1 were already in use before the reserve operation, in which case the reservation was not successful (block 23).
According to the basic principle of the invention, the value of the memory location LM1 in the semaphore module SB is arranged to be always reduced by one (block 24) by the internal logics of the semaphore module SB as a result of one read operation by the processor P1, if the value of the memory location L1 M was greater than zero at the time of the read operation. If the value of the memory location L1 M was already zero at the time of the read operation, it will also remain zero after the read operation.
In the flow chart of
Consequently, the semaphore lock L1 implemented according to the invention can be reserved merely by a single read operation by the processor P1, wherein a given process can have access to the semaphore lock L1 in a clearly simpler way than in solutions of prior art and wherein the system does not need to support actual atomic read/write operations. Atomic operations will not be necessary, because only one read operation is used in the invention to reserve the semaphore lock. The reservation of the semaphore lock according to the invention, based on the use of a single read operation, can be applied in such a way that processes requiring a resource protected by the lock poll the lock (block 25 in
When the semaphore module SB uses the interrupt to inform the system about the release of a given resource (a vacant keyhole in a given semaphore lock L1–LN), the first process requiring the resource will reserve the resource for its use. If the interrupt caused requests by several processes to reserve the resource, then the slower processes will remain waiting for the next release of the lock. The semaphore module SB itself does not need to select the process, to which the released resource is allocated, but the lock can be allocated to the first process after the release of the lock.
For the transmission of the interrupt signal to the processors P1–PN, one or more parallel interrupt lines INT can be used in the semaphore module SB. In the embodiment of
The process having control over the semaphore lock L1 (one keyhole of the lock) may release the semaphore lock L1 by writing a suitable value, for example a negative value, in the memory location L1 M, this value being out of the range of values allowed for the semaphore lock (0 to KN). As a result, the value of the memory location L1 M will be increased by one by the internal logics of the semaphore module SB. If the value of the memory location L1 M before the write operation was already the allowed maximum number KN of holders, the value of the memory location will not be changed. The semaphore lock L1 can also be released by other methods obvious for a man skilled in the art, because the semaphore lock can only be released by a holder of the lock in question, and the release thus does not involve a contention situation similar to the reserve situation.
On the level of the operating system, it is further possible, if necessary, to apply software to construct reservation queues on "top" of the semaphore lock according to the invention. The processes requesting a resource controlled by the semaphore are placed in the queues, for example, in the order of reservation. The reservation queue may, in principle, contain an unlimited number of processes requiring access to a given resource. By means of reservation queues, the operating system can, if necessary, control the order, in which certain processes requiring the resource can use the resource.
The operating system can provide the semaphore module SB with a number of semaphore locks L1–LN required at the time and determine a desired number of keyholes K1–KN for each. Furthermore, a single semaphore lock can be allocated to protect a desired shared resource R1–RN.
The invention is suitable for use, for example, in a situation in which several processors are implemented on an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), these processors utilizing shared resources on the same ASIC. Thus, the semaphore module according to the invention is also preferably implemented on the same ASIC. On the other hand, the invention can also be applied in multi-processor systems, in which the single processors are located on completely different circuit components, wherein the semaphore module according to the invention can also be located on a different circuit component than the processors.
Furthermore, the invention is also suitable for use in a situation, in which parallel software processes are being run in a single processor, wherein there is contention between the processes.
By combining the modes and system structures presented in connection with the above embodiments of the invention, it is possible to provide various embodiments of the invention which comply with the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the above-presented examples must not be interpreted as restrictive to the invention, but the embodiments of the invention can be freely varied within the scope of the inventive features presented in the claims herein below.
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|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Aug 8, 2014
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Dec 26, 2014
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Feb 17, 2015
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20141226


text:
I need to put an outbound faxing solution together and want to see what the group has done so I can get some good ideas. I thought about just using a Windows 2003 Server with a couple of modems, but wanted to see some other suggestions or what has worked great for others - cost is an issue (of course!)
7 Replies
Jul 1, 2008 at 9:48 UTC
How many (simultaneous) telephone lines will you be using for this?
Jul 2, 2008 at 7:21 UTC
Not sure if we will be using telephone lines, as there will be about 90 users with the ability to fax outbound, so I may have a partial voice T1 put in with a brooktrout card or something similiar -
Jul 2, 2008 at 8:54 UTC
Last company i worked with, used to install ZetaFax... Very powerful, i like(d) it... It supports fax-modems, IDSN controllers/TA and can be used with phone systems supporting IP (FaxOverIP, i suppose)... It's also quite easy to setup and maintain...
90 users shouldn't be too much: it all depends on how many faxes they will be sending out daily/hourly... :) Of course, there are outbound queues, so if/when all lines are busy the faxes will be served on a prioritized FIFO queue...
Jul 17, 2008 at 9:26 UTC
The company I previously worked for had GFI Faxmaker. I shopped extensively before buying it, it was the best bang for the buck 3 years ago. It can use modems, multimodem cards such as RocketModem (what we had), or Brooktrout/T1/DSL interface. I think it even has a VoIP phone system interface, although I didn't need that, so I didn't get deets. It integrates closely with Exchange Server. It has its own client, or you can hook it into Outlook. You can use Public Contacts folders for the fax numbers (what we used), or it has other options for its own client. If you use it with Exchange/Outlook, there are infinite routing possibilities.
Jul 17, 2008 at 9:32 UTC
Jul 17, 2008 at 9:53 UTC
Funny, that's exactly how we started out. The price was right!! ;-D You can also add a 2nd 56K modem pretty easily to that system. Next step was to buy the RocketModem 4-line card. Then we were getting too many complaints that they wanted to send through Outlook and our SQL database app instead of by Printing...
Jul 17, 2008 at 10:24 UTC
This discussion has been inactive for over a year.
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