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The Minoan eruption of Thera, also referred to as the Thera eruption or Santorini eruption, was a major catastrophic volcanic eruption (Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) = 6 or 7, Dense-rock equivalent (DRE) = 60 km3)[1] which is estimated to have occurred in the mid second millennium BCE.[2] The eruption was one of the largest volcanic events on Earth in recorded history.[3][4][5] The eruption devastated the island of Thera (also called Santorini), including the Minoan settlement at Akrotiri -- as well as communities and agricultural areas on nearby islands and on the coast of Crete.
The eruption seems to have inspired certain Greek myths[6] and may have caused turmoil in Egypt.[7][8] Additionally, it has been speculated that the Minoan eruption and the destruction of the city at Akrotiri provided the basis for or otherwise inspired Plato's story of Atlantis.[9][10]
Geological evidence shows the Thera volcano erupted numerous times over several hundred thousand years before the Minoan eruption. In a repeating process, the volcano would violently erupt, then eventually collapse into a roughly circular seawater-filled caldera, with numerous small islands forming the circle. The caldera would slowly refill with magma, building a new volcano, which erupted and then collapsed in an ongoing cyclical process.[11] Another famous volcano known to repeat a similar process is Krakatoa in Indonesia.
Immediately prior to the Minoan eruption, the walls of the caldera formed a nearly continuous ring of islands with the only entrance lying between Thera and the tiny island of Aspronisi.[11] This cataclysmic eruption was centered on a small island just north of the existing island of Nea Kameni in the centre of the then-existing caldera. The northern part of the caldera was refilled by the volcanic ash and lava, then collapsed again.
On Santorini, there is a 60 m (200 ft) thick layer of white tephra that overlies the soil clearly delineating the ground level prior to the eruption. This layer has three distinct bands that indicate the different phases of the eruption.[12] Since no bodies have been found at the Akrotiri site, Floyd W. McCoy, Professor of Geology and Oceanography, [[University of Hawaii at Manoa|University of HawaiTemplate:Okinai]], notes that the local population had advance warning of the impending eruption, leaving the island prior to its destruction. However, the thinness of the first ash layer, along with the lack of noticeable erosion of that layer by winter rains before the next layer was deposited, indicate that the volcano gave the local population only a few months warning.[13]
Recent research by a team of international scientists in 2006 revealed that the Santorini event was much larger than the original estimate of 39 km3 (9.4 cu mi) of Dense-Rock Equivalent (DRE), or total volume of material erupted from the volcano, that was published in 1991.[1] With an estimated DRE in excess of 60 km3 (14 cu mi),[1][5] the volume of ejecta was approximately 100 km3 (24 cu mi),[14] placing the Volcanic Explosivity Index of the Thera eruption at 6 or 7. This was up to four times what was thrown into the stratosphere by Krakatoa in 1883, a well-recorded event. The Thera volcanic events and subsequent ashfall probably sterilized the island, as occurred on Krakatoa. Only the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption of 1815 released more material into the atmosphere during historic times.[3][4]
Physical consequencesEdit
This Plinian eruption resulted in an estimated 30 to 35 km (19 to 22 mi) high plume which extended into the stratosphere. In addition, the magma underlying the volcano came into contact with the shallow marine embayment, resulting in a violent steam eruption.
The event also generated a 35 to 150 m (115 to 490 ft) high tsunami that devastated the north coast of Crete, 110 km (68 mi) away. The tsunami had an impact on coastal towns such as Amnisos, where building walls were knocked out of alignment. On the island of Anafi, 27 km (17 mi) to the east, ash layers 3 m (10 ft) deep have been found, as well as pumice layers on slopes 250 m (820 ft) above sea level.
Elsewhere in the Mediterranean there are pumice deposits which could have been caused by the Thera eruption. Ash layers in cores drilled from the seabed and from lakes in Turkey, however, show that the heaviest ashfall was towards the east and northeast of Santorini. The ash found on Crete is now known to have been from a precursory phase of the eruption, some weeks or months before the main eruptive phases, and would have had little impact on the island.[15] Santorini ash deposits were at one time claimed to have been found in the Nile delta,[16] but this is now known to be a misidentification.[17][18]
The Minoan eruption provides a fixed point for aligning the entire chronology of the 2nd millennium BCE in the Aegean, because evidence of the eruption is found throughout the region. Despite this evidence, the exact date of the eruption has been difficult to determine. Current estimates based on radiocarbon dating indicate that the eruption occurred between 1627 BCE and 1600 BCE.[19] However, this range of dates conflicts with the previous estimate -- based on archaeological studies utilizing conventional Egyptian chronology -- of about a century later.[19][20][21]
Archaeologists developed the Late Bronze Age chronologies of eastern Mediterranean cultures by analyzing the origin of artifacts (for example, items from Crete, mainland Greece, Cyprus or Canaan) found in each archaeological layer.[22] If an artifact's origin can be accurately dated, then it gives a reference date for the layer in which it is found. If the Thera eruption could be associated with a given layer of Cretan (or other) culture, chronologists could use the date of that layer to date the eruption itself. Since Thera's culture at the time of destruction was similar to the Late Minoan IA (LMIA) culture on Crete, LMIA is the baseline to establish chronology elsewhere. The eruption also aligns with Late Cycladic I (LCI) and Late Helladic I (LHI) cultures, but predates Peloponnesian LHI.[23] Archeological digs on Akrotiri have also yielded fragments of nine Syro-Palestinian Middle Bronze II (MBII) gypsum vessels.[22]
At one time, it was believed that data from Greenland ice cores could be useful in ascertaining the exact date of the eruption. A large eruption identified in ice cores and dated to 1644 BCE (+/- 20 years) was suspected to be Santorini. However, volcanic ash retrieved from an ice core demonstrated that this was not from Santorini, leading to the conclusion that the eruption may have occurred on another date.[15] The late Holocene eruption of the Mount Aniakchak, a volcano in Alaska, is proposed as the most likely source of the minute shards of volcanic glass in the Greenland ice core.[24]
Another method used to establish the date of eruption is tree-ring dating. Tree-ring data has shown that a large event interfering with normal tree growth in North America occurred during 1629-1628 BCE.[25] Evidence of a climatic event around 1628 BCE has been found in studies of growth depression of European oaks in Ireland and in Sweden.[26]
In 2006 two research papers were published arguing that new radiocarbon analysis dated the eruption between 1627 BCE and 1600 BCE. Samples of wood, bone, and seed collected from various locations in the Aegean, including Santorini, Crete, Rhodes and Turkey, were analyzed at three separate labs in Oxford, Vienna, Austria, and Heidelberg, Germany, in order to minimise the chance of a radiocarbon dating error. Results of the analysis indicated a broad dating for the Thera event between 1660 to 1613 BCE.[27][28] Also that year the radiocarbon-indicated date of the eruption of Thera was narrowed to between 1627 and 1600 BCE, with a 95% probability of accuracy, after researchers analyzed material from an olive tree that was found buried beneath a lava flow from the volcano.[29] Because the tree grew on the island, the results may have been affected by volcanic outgassing, which would have skewed the accuracy of the radiometric studies.[citation needed]
Although radiocarbon indicates a 1600 BCE eruption dating, archeologists believe that the date is contradicted by findings in Egyptian and Theran excavations. For example, some archeologists on Thera have found buried Egyptian and Cypriot pottery that is dated to a later period than the radiometric dates for the eruption. Since the Egyptian historical chronology has been established by numerous archaeological studies, the exact date of the eruption remains controversial. If radiocarbon dating is accurate, there would be significant chronological realignment of several Eastern Mediterranean cultures.[30][31]
Climatic effectsEdit
Hydrogeologist Philip LaMoreaux asserted in 1995 that the eruption caused significant climatic changes in the eastern Mediterranean region, Aegean Sea and much of the Northern Hemisphere,[32] but this was forcefully rebutted by volcanologist David Pyle a year later.[33]
Around the time of the radiocarbon-indicated date of the eruption, there is evidence for a significant climatic event in the Northern Hemisphere. The evidence includes failure of crops in China (see below), as well as evidence from tree rings, cited above: bristlecone pines of California; bog oaks of Ireland, England, and Germany; and other trees in Sweden. The tree rings precisely date the event to 1628 BCE.[25][26]
Historical impactEdit
Minoan civilizationEdit
The eruption devastated the nearby Minoan settlement at Akrotiri on Santorini, which was entombed in a layer of pumice.[34] It is believed that the eruption also severely affected the Minoan population on Crete, although the extent of the impact is debated. Early theories proposed that ashfall from Thera on the eastern half of Crete choked off plant life, causing starvation of the local population.[35] However, after more thorough field examinations, this theory has lost credibility, as it has been determined that no more than 5 mm (0.20 in) of ash fell anywhere on Crete.[36] Other theories have been proposed based on archeological evidence found on Crete indicating that a tsunami, likely associated with the eruption, impacted the coastal areas of Crete and may have severely devastated the Minoan coastal settlements.[37][38][39] A more recent theory is that much of the damage done to Minoan sites resulted from a large earthquake that preceded the Thera Eruption.[40]
Significant Minoan remains have been found above the Late Minoan I era Thera ash layer, implying that the Thera eruption did not cause the immediate downfall of the Minoans. As the Minoans were a sea power and depended on their naval and merchant ships for their livelihood, the Thera eruption likely caused significant economic hardship to the Minoans, and the loss of empire in the long run.[citation needed]
Whether these effects were enough to trigger the downfall of the Minoan civilization is under intense debate. The Mycenaean conquest of the Minoans occurred in Late Minoan II period, not many years after the eruption, and many archaeologists speculate that the eruption induced a crisis in Minoan civilization, which allowed the Mycenaeans to conquer them easily.[41]
Chinese recordsEdit
A volcanic winter from an eruption in the late 17th century BCE has been claimed by some researchers to correlate with entries in Chinese records documenting the collapse of the Xia dynasty in China. According to the Bamboo Annals, the collapse of the dynasty and the rise of the Shang dynasty, approximately dated to 1618 BCE, were accompanied by "'yellow fog, a dim sun, then three suns, frost in July, famine, and the withering of all five cereals".[7]
Impact on Egyptian historyEdit
There are no surviving Egyptian records of the eruption, and the absence of such records is sometimes attributed to the general disorder in Egypt around the Second Intermediate Period. However, there are connections between the Thera eruption and the calamities of the Admonitions of Ipuwer, a text from Lower Egypt during the Middle Kingdom or Second Intermediate Period.[42]
Heavy rainstorms which devastated much of Egypt, and were described on the Tempest Stele of Ahmose I, have been attributed to short-term climatic changes caused by the Theran eruption.[7][8][43]
While it has been argued that the damage from this storm may have been caused by an earthquake following the Thera Eruption, it has also been suggested that it was caused during a war with the Hyksos, and the storm reference is merely a metaphor for chaos, upon which the Pharaoh was attempting to impose order.[44]
There is a consensus that Egypt, being far away from areas of significant seismic activity, would not be significantly affected by an earthquake in the Aegean. Furthermore, other documents, such as Hatshepsut's Speos Artemidos, depict similar storms, but are clearly speaking figuratively, not literally. Research indicates that this particular stele is just another reference to the Pharaoh's overcoming the powers of chaos and darkness.[44]
In The Parting of the Sea: How Volcanoes, Earthquakes, and Plagues Shaped the Exodus Story,[45] geologist Barbara J. Sivertsen seeks to establish a link between the eruption of Santorini ca. 1628 BCE and the Exodus from Egypt in the Bible.
Greek traditionsEdit
The eruption of Thera and volcanic fallout may well have inspired the myths of the Titanomachy in Hesiod's Theogony.[6] The background of the Titanomachy may derive from the Kumarbi cycle, a Bronze Age Hurrian epic from the Lake Van region.[citation needed]
However, the Titanomachy itself could have picked up elements of western Anatolian folk memory as the tale spread westward. Hesiod's lines have been compared with volcanic activity, citing Zeus' thunderbolts as volcanic lightning, the boiling earth and sea as a breach of the magma chamber, immense flame and heat as evidence of phreatic explosions, among many other descriptions.[46]
There is some archaeological, seismological, and vulcanological evidence that the myth of Atlantis, described by Plato, is based upon the Santorini eruption.[47][48][49]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Santorini eruption much larger than originally believed". August 23, 2006. http://www.uri.edu/news/releases/?id=3654. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ Hardy DA (1989). "Therea and the Aegean World III", Volume III—Chronology (Proceedings of the Third International Congress, Hardy DA, editor). http://www.therafoundation.org/articles/chronololy/. Retrieved 2008.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Oppenheimer, Clive (2003). "Climatic, environmental and human consequences of the largest known historic eruption: Tambora volcano (Indonesia) 1815". Progress in Physical Geography 27 (2): 230–259. doi:10.1191/0309133303pp379ra.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 McCoy, FW, & Dunn, SE (2002). "Modelling the Climatic Effects of the LBA Eruption of Thera: New Calculations of Tephra Volumes May Suggest a Significantly Larger Eruption than Previously Reported". Chapman Conference on Volcanism and the Earth's Atmosphere. Thera, Greece: American Geographical Union. http://www.agu.org/meetings/cc02babstracts/McCoy.pdf. Retrieved 2007-05-29.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Sigurdsson H, Carey, S, Alexandri M, Vougioukalakis G, Croff K, Roman C, Sakellariou D, Anagnostou C, Rousakis G, Ioakim C, Gogou A, Ballas D, Misaridis T, & Nomikou P (2006). "Marine Investigations of Greece's Santorini Volcanic Field". Eos 87 (34): 337–348. doi:10.1029/2006EO340001.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Greene, MT (2000). Natural Knowledge in Preclassical Antiquity. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-6371-4.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Foster, KP, Ritner, RK, and Foster, BR (1996). "Texts, Storms, and the Thera Eruption". Journal of Near Eastern Studies 55 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1086/373781.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 EN, Davis (1990). "A Storm in Egypt during the Reign of Ahmose". Thera and the Aegean World III. Thera Foundation. http://www.therafoundation.org/articles/chronololy/astorminegyptduringthereignofahmose. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ Lilley H (2007-04-20). "The wave that destroyed Atlantis". BBC News Online. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6568053.stm. Retrieved 2007-04-21.
- ↑ Vergano, Dan (2006-08-27). "Ye gods! Ancient volcano could have blasted Atlantis myth". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/columnist/vergano/2006-08-27-ancient-volcano_x.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Friedrich, WL (1999). Fire in the Sea, the Santorini Volcano: Natural History and the Legend of Atlantis. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-65290-1.
- ↑ Davidson, DA (1979). "Aegean Soils During the Second Millennium B.C. with Reference to Thera". Thera and the Aegean World I. Papers presented at the Second International Scientific Congress, Santorini, Greece, August 1978. UK: The Thera Foundation. pp. 725-739. ISBN 0-9506133-0-4. http://www.therafoundation.org/articles/geology/aegeansoilsduringthesecondmillenniumbcwithreferencetothera. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ G, Heiken; McCoy, F (1990). "Precursory Activity to the Minoan Eruption, Thera, Greece". Thera and the Aegean World III, Vol 2. London: The Thera Foundation. pp. 79-88.
- ↑ Template:Cite gvp
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Keenan, Douglas J. (2003). "Volcanic ash retrieved from the GRIP ice core is not from Thera". Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems (AGU and the Geochemical Society) 4 (11): 1097. doi:10.1029/2003GC000608. 1525-2027. http://www.informath.org/pubs/G^303a.pdf. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ Stanley, DJ & Sheng, H (1986). "Volcanic shards from Santorini (Upper Minoan ash) in the Nile Delta, Egypt". Nature 320, 1986: 733–735. doi:10.1038/320733a0.
- ↑ Guichard, F et al. (1993). "Tephra from the Minoan eruption of Santorini in sediments of the Black Sea". Nature 363 (6430): 610–612. doi:10.1038/363610a0.
- ↑ Liritzis I., Michael C., Galloway R.B. (1996), "Aegean volcanic eruption during the second millennium BC revealed by thermoluminescence dating", Geoarchaeology, 11: 361-371.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 "New research in Science: date of the largest volcanic eruption in the Bronze Age finally pinpointed". Aarhus University news release. 2006. http://www.nat.au.dk/default.asp?id=11296&la=UK. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ "Cornell study of ancient volcano, seeds and tree rings suggests rewriting Late Bronze Age Mediterranean history". Cornell University news release. 2006. http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/April06/Bronze.age.AK.html. Retrieved 200-11-17.
- ↑ Warren P.M. (2006). Czerny E, Hein I, Hunger H, Melman D, Schwab A. ed. Timelines: Studies in Honour of Manfred Bietak (Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 149). Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium: Peeters. pp. 2: 305–321. ISBN 90-429-1730-X.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 Warren PM (1989). Summary of Evidence for the Absolute Chronology of the Early Part of the Aegean Late Bronze Age Derived from Historical Egyptian Sources in: Thera and the Aegean World III, Hardy, DA (ed). The Thera Foundation. pp. 24–26. ISBN 0-9506133-6-3. http://www.therafoundation.org/articles/chronololy/summaryofevidencefortheabsolutechronologyoftheearlypartoftheaegeanlatebronzeagederivedfromhistoricalegyptiansources. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ Lolos, YG (1989). On the Late Helladic I of Akrotiri, Thera "On the Late Helladic I of Akrotiri, Thera". The Thera Foundation. http://www.therafoundation.org/articles/chronololy/onthelatehelladiciofakrotirithera On the Late Helladic I of Akrotiri, Thera. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ Pearce, N. J. G., J. A. Westgate, S. J. Preece, W. J. Eastwood, and W. T. Perkins (2004). "Identification of Aniakchak (Alaska) tephra in Greenland ice core challenges the 1645 BC date for Minoan eruption of Santorini". Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 5: Q03005. doi:10.1029/2003GC000672.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 Baillie, MGL (1989). "Irish Tree Rings and an Event in 1628 BC". The Thera Foundation. http://www.therafoundation.org/articles/chronololy/irishtreeringandaneventin1628bc. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ 26.0 26.1 Grudd, H, Briffa, KR, Gunnarson, BE, & Linderholm, HW (2000). "Swedish tree rings provide new evidence in support of a major, widespread environmental disruption in 1628 BC". Geophysical Research Letters 27 (18): 2957–2960. doi:10.1029/1999GL010852.
- ↑ Manning, Sturt W; Ramsey, CB, Kutschera, W, Higham, T, Kromer, B, Steier, P, and Wild, EM (2006). "Chronology for the Aegean Late Bronze Age 1700-1400 B.C.". Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 312 (5773): 565–569. doi:10.1126/science.1125682. PMID 16645092. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/sci;312/5773/565. Retrieved 2007-03-10.
- ↑ Manning SW (2003) (pdf). Clarifying the "high" v. "low" Aegean/Cypriot chronology for the mid second millennium BC: assessing the evidence, interpretive frameworks, and current state of the debate. In: The Synchronisation of Civilisations in the Eastern Mediterranean in the Second Millennium B.C. III. Proceedings of the SCIEM 2000 - 2nd EuroConference, Vienna 28th of May - 1st of June 2003 (Bietak, M. & Czerny, E., eds.). pp. 101–137. http://dendro.cornell.edu/articles/manning2007a.pdf. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
- ↑ Friedrich, Walter L; Kromer, B, Friedrich, M, Heinemeier, J, Pfeiffer, T, and Talamo, S (2006). "Santorini Eruption Radiocarbon Dated to 1627-1600 B.C.". Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 312 (5773): 548. doi:10.1126/science.1125087. PMID 16645088.
- ↑ Balter, M (2006). "New Carbon Dates Support Revised History of Ancient Mediterranean". Science 312 (5773): 508–509. doi:10.1126/science.312.5773.508. PMID 16645054.
- ↑ Wilford, JN (2006-05-09). "Ancient Crete more ancient than thought? New volcanic evidence suggests discrepancy of more than a full century". The Columbus Dispatch. http://www.columbusdispatch.com/dispatch/contentbe/dispatch/2006/05/09/20060509-D6-01.html. Retrieved 2007-05-20.
- ↑ LaMoreaux, PE (1995). "Worldwide environmental impacts from the eruption of Thera". Environmental Geology 26 (3): 172–181. doi:10.1007/BF00768739.
- ↑ Pyle, DM (1997). "The global impact of the Minoan eruption of Santorini, Greece". Environmental Geology 30 (1/2): 59–61. doi:10.1007/s002540050132.
- ↑ Vergano, Dan (2006-08-27). "Ye gods! Ancient volcano could have blasted Atlantis myth". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/columnist/vergano/2006-08-27-ancient-volcano_x.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
- ↑ Marinatos, S (1939). "The Volcanic Destruction of Minoan Crete". Antiquity 13: 425–439.
- ↑ Callender, G (1999). The Minoans and the Mycenaeans: Aegean Society in the Bronze Age. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-551028-3.
- ↑ Lilley, Harvey (20 April 2007). "The wave that destroyed Atlantis". BBC Timewatch. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6568053.stm. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
- ↑ Antonopoulos, J. (1992). "The great Minoan eruption of Thera volcano and the ensuing tsunami in the Greek Archipelago". Natural Hazards 5: 153–168. doi:10.1007/BF00127003.
- ↑ Pareschi, MT, Favalli, M & Boschi, E (2006). "Impact of the Minoan tsunami of Santorini: Simulated scenarios in the eastern Mediterranean". Geophysical Research Letters 33: L1860. doi:10.1029/2006GL027205. .
- ↑ Panagiotaki M. (2007). "The impact of the eruption of Thera in the Central Palace sanctuary at Knossos, Crete". Mediterranean Archaeology & Archaeometry 5 (2). http://www.rhodes.aegean.gr/maa_journal/issues2007b.html. Retrieved 2008-07-03.
- ↑ Antonopoulos, J. (1992). "The great Minoan eruption of Thera volcano and the ensuing tsunami in the Greek Archipelago". Natural Hazards 5: 153–168. doi:10.1007/BF00127003.
- ↑ Galanopoulos, Angelos Georgiou (1969). Atlantis: The Truth Behind the Legend. Bobbs-Merrill Co. ISBN 978-0-672-50610-9.
- ↑ Goedicke, Hans (1995). Studies about Kamose and Ahmose. Baltimore: David Brown Book Company. Chapter 3. ISBN 0-9613805-8-6.
- ↑ 44.0 44.1 Wiener, MH; Allen, JP (1998). "Separate Lives: The Ahmose Tempest Stela and the Theran Eruption". Journal of Near Eastern Studies (University of Chicago Press) 57: 1–28. doi:10.1086/468596.
- ↑ Sivertsen, Barbara J (2009). The Parting of the Sea: How Volcanoes, Earthquakes, and Plagues Shaped the Story of the Exodus. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691137704.
- ↑ Luce, John Victor (1969). The end of Atlantis: New light on an old legend (New Aspects of Antiquity). London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-39005-4.
- ↑ "Santorini Eruption (~1630 BC) and the legend of Atlantis". http://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/santorini.html. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
- ↑ Vergano, Dan (2006-08-27). "Ye gods! Ancient volcano could have blasted Atlantis myth". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/columnist/vergano/2006-08-27-ancient-volcano_x.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
- ↑ Lilley, Harvey (20 April 2007). "The wave that destroyed Atlantis". BBC Timewatch. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6568053.stm. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
Further readingEdit
- Bietak, M (2004). "Review—'A Test of Time' by S.W. Manning (1999)". Bibliotheca Orientalis 61: 199–222. http://www.informath.org/BiOr04i.pdf. Retrieved 2008-04-21.
- Callender, G (1999). The Minoans and the Mycenaeans: Aegean Society in the Bronze Age. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-551028-3.
- Forsyth, PY (1997). Thera in the Bronze Age. Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 0-8204-4889-3.
- Friedrich, WL (1999). Fire in the Sea, the Santorini Volcano: Natural History and the Legend of Atlantis. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-65290-1.
- Warren PM (2006). Czerny E, Hein I, Hunger H, Melman D, Schwab A. ed. Timelines: Studies in Honour of Manfred Bietak (Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 149). Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium: Peeters. pp. 2: 305–321. ISBN 90-429-1730-X.
External linksEdit
- Thera Foundation articles on archaeology, chronology, geology, volcanology, etc.
- Santorini Decade Volcano — Santorini's geology and volcanic history, the Minoan eruption and the legend of Atlantis.
- The Thera (Santorini) Volcanic Eruption and the Absolute Chronology of the Aegean Bronze Age - A WWW companion site to: Sturt W. Manning, A Test of Time: the volcano of Thera and the chronology and history of the Aegean and east Mediterranean in the mid second millennium BC.
- VolcanoWorld Information about the eruption with photographs
- Thera 2006 Expedition – exploration of the submarine deposits and morphology of Santorini volcano
- The eruption of Santorini in the Late Bronze Age – Online doctoral thesis on the eruption, scientific analyses and its environmental effects (by David A. Sewell, 2001)
Coordinates: 36°25′12″N 25°25′54″E / 36.42°N 25.43167°E
de:Minoische Eruption el:Μινωική έκρηξη es:Erupción minoica fr:Éruption minoenne hr:Minojska erupacija id:Letusan Minoa it:Eruzione minoica sh:Minojska erupcija


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Zinbryta Side Effects
Generic Name: daclizumab
Note: This page contains side effects data for the generic drug daclizumab. It is possible that some of the dosage forms included below may not apply to the brand name Zinbryta.
In Summary
Common side effects of Zinbryta include: antibody development and hyperglycemia. See below for a comprehensive list of adverse effects.
For the Consumer
Applies to daclizumab: subcutaneous solution
As well as its needed effects, daclizumab (the active ingredient contained in Zinbryta) may cause unwanted side effects that require medical attention.
Major Side Effects
If any of the following side effects occur while taking daclizumab, check with your doctor immediately:More common:
- Bladder pain
- blistering, crusting, irritation, itching, or reddening of the skin
- bloody or cloudy urine
- body aches or pain
- cough or hoarseness
- cracked, dry, or scaly skin
- difficult, burning, or painful urination
- difficulty with breathing
- discouragement
- ear congestion
- feeling sad or empty
- fever or chills
- frequent urge to urinate
- headache
- irritability
- lack of appetite
- loss of interest or pleasure
- loss of voice
- lower back or side pain
- nasal congestion
- painful or difficult urination
- rash
- runny nose
- sneezing
- sore throat
- swelling
- swollen, painful, or tender lymph glands in the neck, armpit, or groin
- trouble concentrating
- trouble sleeping
- unusual tiredness or weakness
- Dark urine
- general feeling of tiredness or weakness
- itching skin
- light-colored stools
- persistent loss of appetite
- red, scaling, or crusted skin
- right upper quadrant tenderness
- stomach pain, continuing
- vomiting
- yellow eyes or skin
- Thoughts or attempts at killing oneself
- watery or bloody diarrhea
- Dizziness
- fast heartbeat
- hives or welts
- large, hive-like swelling on the face, eyelids, lips, tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or sex organs
- puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue
- tightness in the chest
Minor Side Effects
Some daclizumab side effects may not need any medical attention. As your body gets used to the medicine these side effects may disappear. Your health care professional may be able to help you prevent or reduce these side effects, but do check with them if any of the following side effects continue, or if you are concerned about them:Less common:
- Blemishes on the skin
- pimples
- seizures
For Healthcare Professionals
Applies to daclizumab: intravenous solution, subcutaneous solution
Common (1% to 10%): Lymphadenopathy, lymphadenitis[Ref]
Very common (10% or more): Rash (i.e., erythematous rash, exfoliative rash, macular rash, maculopapular rash, papular rash, pruritic rash, rash, vesicular rash) (11%)
Common (1% to 10%): Dermatitis (i.e., allergic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, bullous dermatitis, dermatitis, exfoliative dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, allergic dermatitis), folliculitis, acne, psoriasis, erythema, pruritus, dry skin
Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Toxic skin eruption, eczema nummular[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): Tonsillitis, diarrhea
Frequency not reported: Colitis[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): Anemia, lymphocyte count decreased[Ref]
Frequency not reported: Anaphylaxis[Ref]
Very common (10% or more): Nasopharyngitis (25%), upper respiratory tract infection (17%)
Common (1% to 10%): Bronchitis, pneumonia, laryngitis, rhinitis[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): Depression[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): Oropharyngeal pain, pyrexia[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): ALT increased, AST increased, liver function test abnormal, hepatic enzymes increased[Ref]
Common (1% to 10%): Influenza, viral infection[Ref]
1. Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information." O 0
2. "Product Information. Zinbryta (daclizumab)." AbbVie US LLC, North Chicago, IL.
3. Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics." O 0
It is possible that some side effects of Zinbryta may not have been reported. These can be reported to the FDA here. Always consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.
More about Zinbryta (daclizumab)
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Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided is accurate, up-to-date and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. In addition, the drug information contained herein may be time sensitive and should not be utilized as a reference resource beyond the date hereof. This material does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients, or recommend therapy. This information is a reference resource designed as supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill , knowledge, and judgement of healthcare practitioners in patient care. The absence of a warning for a given drug or combination thereof in no way should be construed to indicate safety, effectiveness, or appropriateness for any given patient. Drugs.com does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of materials provided. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the substances you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Please select another video.
Japan Approves Robot Suit
The Japanese government has officially approved "HAL", or "Hybrid Assistive Limb", which is aimed at people who have difficulty walking due to nervous system disorders and other diseases. The robotic suit will be available to consumers at about 20 Japanese hospitals next month.
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text:
Falls High School Library Media
The FHS
Library Media Center is open to students and staff Monday - Friday, 7:30 AM to 4:00 PM.
The FHS LMC (Library Media Center) provides access to computers, Interactive
Television, and over 10,000 Print Materials for informational and pleasure
Books and pamphlets
are checked out of the LMC for 21 days and may be renewed once, although
there is no charge for overdue materials. Students are encouraged
to return items punctually, and lost or damaged materials must be payed
for. Reference books may not leave the library. Overdue notices
will be sent home at the end of each semester.
FES & HES Libraries
The FES and HES school libraries are open
to students and staff Monday - Friday, 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM. Students
are allowed to check out two books at a time at Falls Elementary and only
one at Holler. Reference books can be checked out and brought to
the classroom but are not allowed to go home with the students.
Materials can be checked out for 2 - 4 weeks.
Students must keep track of when books are due. A 3rd overdue notice
will result in 30 minutes of detention if the book is not returned or if
the parents do not send a note to the school stating that the book is missing.
Lost materials must be paid for by the end of the school year so they can
be replaced.
Students have "A Library Time" scheduled once
a week, however, the library is open to anyone during regular school hours.
Designed and maintained by International Falls Public SchoolsCopyright © 1998-2017 International Falls Public Schools
Last Update: Friday, April 01, 2016 08:55:32 AM


text: Middle EastSuicide blasts target Iraq pilgrims Attack near Iskandariya kills at least 12 people and leaves 27 wounded. 14 Aug 2008 20:47 GMT Iraqi policemen secure sections of the pilgrimage route after a number of attacks [AFP] At least one policeman was killed and three were wounded in the attack in a volatile, religiously mixed area once known to US troops as the "triangle of death". More than half of those killed were women, police said. The Shia pilgrims killed were among thousands of Muslims who have begun travelling towards Karbala, a city in southern Iraq where pilgrims commemorate the birth of the 12th Imam, a Messiah-like figure revered by Shia Muslims. In another incident, a roadside bomb killed at least two pilgrims and wounded seven more as they walked through Karrada, a central Baghdad's neighbourhood, embarking on the pilgrimage. The US and Iraqi authorities said al-Qaeda Sunni Arab fighters had increasingly relied on women to carry out suicide attacks, as they can more easily evade security searches. Source: Agencies


text:
- Home
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- E-Edition
- Show Me Ray County Getaway Guide
- Legal Notices
- Editorials
After a turbulent 2008, Show Me Ethanol is going in a new direction.
The board of managers for the company fired plant manager Greg Thomas and replaced him with Dennis Alt, as the general manager and chief restructuring officer.
Ray-Carroll Grain Growers General Manager Mike Nordwald did not have any comment on the change. Ray-Carroll Grain Growers is a stakeholder in the company and has agreements to be the plant's ethanol supplier. RCGG is also the exclusive marketer of the plant's animal feed by product.
Alt was brought in to rescue the state's largest ethanol plant from default on construction loans. The loan agreement requires the company to hold 35 percent assets to total equity ratio.
According to a U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission filing on Dec. 30, 2008, the company had fallen to 27 percent.
In addition to bringing in Alt, the report says the company is going to strengthen risk management assessment and board oversight, and change the way it purchases grain.
Alt said the company would move from corn futures contracts to a cash purchase basis. The report says the company believes it will operate more efficiently under these changes. The report blames fluctuating grain prices as one of the reasons the company has had setbacks.
An earlier report also said an accident at the plant in September of 2008 caused the plant to shut down operations for a couple of days.
Another major setback last year occurred when former State Treasurer Sarah Steelman pulled the companies' $48 million low interest loan off the table over what was perceived as a political stunt by many associated with Show Me Ethanol.
Alt said he did not know if the company would reapply for the loans now that Clint Zweifel has taken over the state's Treasury Department.
The company is also in the midst of a critical cash call. A cash call is when investors are voluntarily asked to commit more capitol to its initial investment. If an investor chooses not to participate, they could lose some or all of the value of their investment.
Alt said he is optimistic the company will successfully obtain the required capitol. The cash call will run through January.
Photo: Trucks continue to roll in and out of Show Me Ethanol in Carrollton as new plans are implemented. (Photo by Dennis Sharkey/The Daily News)
Click here for our E-edition and read the rest of the story.
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text: Buckets are our implementation of smart objects. A bucket is a storage unit that contains data. The bucket design goals are: aggregation intelligence self-sufficiency mobility heterogeneity and archive independence and metadata as well as the methods for accessing both.buckets contain 0 or more packages.Packages contain 0 or more elements.Actual data objects are stored as elements and elements are grouped together in packages within a bucket.Testing this actual data objects which are stores as elements and number of elements that are grouped together in packages that are within a bucket is known as bucket testing.


text:
Learn how to protect yourself from Internet scams. Read our online fraud prevention tips
Roommates ClassifiedsNotices and Announcements Local AL Classified Ads
5 listings match, 1-5 shown
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Can't find what you're looking for? Try our
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Birmingham area Duplex,$650 mo, utilities included. Rooms for rent, $125 wk or $450 mo, Dep neg. Call 205-613-4921
Web Id: 16601764
Published in The Birmingham News 8/13. Updated 8/13.
Ensley/Arkadelphia, Clean Rooms , $ 100 a week. All utilities included. Call 205.639.3062
Web Id: 16597848
Published in The Birmingham News 8/12. Updated 8/23.
PINSON Home to share $460/mo. includes utilities. Please call Mary 205-680-3357
Web Id: 16594545
Published in The Birmingham News 8/9. Updated 8/23.
TRUSSVILLE- 3-level Executive Home, 4BR/5BA, private bath, $1200/mo. No security deposit. Credit & background check req'd. 601-622-7133
Web Id: 16572271
Published in The Birmingham News 8/4. Updated 8/23.
Rooms to Rent- (2) individual rooms for roommates, $300 mo. Ideal for College kids or military. Near A&M Univ. Call 240.300.1242
Web Id: 16549645
Published in The Huntsville Times 7/26. Updated 7/29.
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text:
Hinge, Invisible, Satin Brass, 3 3/4 In
SOSS| Zoro #: G0802462| Mfr #: 212US4
Zoro #: G0802462Mfr. Part #: 212US4
$19.29 /ea
Orders over $50.00 ship free. DetailsStandard ground shipping
Technical Specifications
|Zoro #: G0802462 Mfr #: 212US4
|Pin Material: Steel
|Range of Motion: 180 Degrees
|Pin Type: Nonremovable
|Item: Concealed Hinge
|Material: Zamac/Steel
|Finish: Satin Brass
|Holes per Leaf: 2
|Corners: Rounded
|Frame Leaf Width: 3/4"
|Standards: ANSI/BHMA 156.1-2006
|Mounting: Full Mortise
|Orientation: Non Handed
|Hardware: Included
|Door Leaf Height: 3-3/4"
|Holes: With
|Frame Leaf Height: 3-3/4"
|Ligature Resistant: No
|Required Door Thickness: 1-1/8"
|Door Leaf Width: 3/4"
|Country of Origin (subject to change): Singapore
Product Description
Invisible Hinge, Zamac/Steel Material, Satin Brass Finish, With Holes, 2 Holes per Leaf, 180 Degrees Range of Motion, 3-3/4 In. Door Leaf Height, 3-3/4 In. Frame Leaf Height, 3/4 In. Door Leaf Width, 3/4 In. Frame Leaf Width, 1-1/8 In. Required Door Thickness, Rounded Corners, Included Hardware, Full Mortise Mounting, Steel Pin Material, Nonremovable Pin Type, ANSI/BHMA 156.1-2006 Standards


text:
Llano Rental Property
Houses, Home Apartment
from Llano local landlords and property management companies.
All Llano Apartments and Homes for Rent
Agents, Property Owners and Managers
Searching to locate Llano apartment or house rentals or to find vacation rental homes?. We offer a daily updated database of Llano rental property listings such as Llano house for rent, Llano apartment or house rentals, Llano homes for rent and Llano apartments for rent.
Registering is not required to search through our database and there are no fees to renters. The site offers excellent search tools built on a simple design. It features a detailed search tool, which can locate the home of your specification for either Llano homes for rent or Llano apartments for rent. A detailed search can be automated through e-mail to receive regular, updated and new lists of rental homes or apartments suiting your requirement by providing information such as zip code, county and area .
Locate details of each matching property such as parking, maps and neighborhood statistics. You can view 360 virtual tours, full size images and multiple photos of a property. Property owners, realtors and management companies can advertise a free agent profile. Similarly, all potential tenants can view listings without any restriction
We provide utility features such as a brochure printing facility, together with street and satellite mapping to help search and locate Llano homes for rent and Llano apartments for rent. Receive free e-mail alerts- Fill out the House hunter form to find new listing in your e-mail as they are posted.
Online detailed property advertisements are particularly helpful to prospective customers who live in different areas, cities, or states and helps identify suitable listings easily. Photo advertisements are far more likely to be viewed more often, and they obviously will not be available as long, as those without photos and full information.. Many agents and advertisers will include virtual tours making it easy to view complete details from the comfort of your own homes or apartments of different floor plans of property listings matching your criteria for Llano homes for rent and Llano apartments for rent.
A premier property online real estate resources database, a continually updated database with many real estate listings for rent or lease, includes Llano homes for rent and Llano apartments for rent. One of the reasons that we remain a beneficial real estate tool is because of the site detail and in providing a better, more detailed database for advertising and researching residential properties for lease or rent. Locate Llano homes for rent, Llano apartments for rent, Llano apartment or house rental, Llano house to rent, Llano rental property, and much more.
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Llano rental homes or apartments.
include - Fischer (Comal), Manor (Travis), Leander (Williamson), Johnson City (Blanco), Elgin (Bastrop), Leakey (Real), Dryden (Terrell), Vanderpool (Bandera), D Hanis (Medina), Utopia (Uvalde), Crystal City (Zavala), Rio Frio, Carrizo Springs (Dimmit), Catarina
LINKS: Helpful Resources & Information for renters in Texas (Llano County)
Texas Homes and Apartments to Rent and Lease
Llano commercial property for lease and sale


text:
t Blade is a special boy with a very cool story. He is a flame point siamese that was found to be living in a small cage in someone's dark attic infested with fleas and flies. Little food and water was available and the filth was overpowering. We knew we had to get him out of there immediately. When he first came to the shelter he was angry and confused. After some adjustment time and being neutered, he has calmed down and is now a great boy! He is so friendly and loves attention. He gets along great with the other cats and loves life! Can you complete Blade's story and give him the home he deserves?
Thank You!
Your message has been sent to Iroquois County Animal Rescue.
You'll receive a copy, too, at to help you keep track of which pets you've inquired about, and which shelters and rescues you've emailed.
NOTE: Some shelters have physical locations you can visit; some of these shelters may only have pets for a limited time, so please do not wait for a reply—just go visit the shelter! Other organizations are rescue groups run by busy volunteers who may take a while to reply. You can find information about the shelter or rescue group caring for this pet, and their adoption procedures, on the pet's details page on Adopt-a-Pet.com.


text:
Heart the Beat
Iv'e always been a singer, my whole life so far I have always loved singing, and singing loud. Music will always be a part of me and It has never left me. When I listen to music, I just love to hear every part. I search for that absolute peak of perfection in music when the sound just sort of melts in your ear and your heart. There's always a fine blend of sound coming together in music and I love that sound of harmony, or even complete disharmony. The best albums and tracks are the ones that never die. You could never get sick of hearing them and they are inseparable from you. There are words and lyrics that have meaning, but life is put into those words when they have a melody. With this a song is born and it soon becomes a living, breathing, piece of you. When you listen, actually listen to a song you can hear its heartbeat and if you let it, it will synchronize with the beating of your own heart. The connection that you make between your body, spirit, mind, and soul with music; Is a beautiful thing.
"Music is beautiful but, always be mindful of what music you're synchronizing your heart to."
I aspire to use my talents and appreciate who I am and what I believe in. My love for music is such a big part of me that I wouldn't even be me without music. I believe that music brings people together, it really does!
Sometimes I find myself pondering the question, What if I had to give up music? What if it was gone completely? Well these questions could not be answered because today its not possible to live without it. How could anybody want to disagree with that. Like it, or not everybody enjoys music. In history music has gotten people through, slavery, wars, disasters, death, discrimination. Music celebrates rebirth, life, love, God, peace, pride and freedom.
I think that everybody has something. What I mean by the word "something" is exactly what I said, Something. Everybody and I mean EVERYBODY has something that makes them an individual, a human being, a person in existence. This something that we have is genuine to ourselves. The something is what keeps you striving and alive-ing. And its not like everyone has only one. So,What is your something?
You may know people like the musicians, the artists, the actors and actresses, the mathematicians, the scientists, and etc. These people have already found their something, but now guess what? You get a chance to discover what your something is, if you haven't already! Its exciting to think that there is a part of you something amazing inside of you, and you only just begging to be discovered.
"Will you let your "Something" define you? Or will YOU define it?"
Don't let yourself be labeled and don't let your self be defined. Show your something whose the boss and just totally rock it. I understand the feel, that it can be really pressuring to live up this definition of yourself like for example, dressing nice everyday, getting good grades, being a good singer, and having the best jokes. Don't be discouraged, everybody feels the struggle just stay calm and relax, try your absolute best and you won't become your own worst enemy.
Success in life: OMG the Unknown
So, just like I've mentioned before, I am a singer. I have always been and I have faith that I always will. But, lately its been tough to try to uphold my title of "good" Singer. I let people define me as a really good singer and If you know me well enough you know that me and singing just automatically belong together. School has been a big contributor to my current problem. See I have been in a school choir since the third grade and choir was where I got to formally sing and it sounded pretty decent and It was my thing. Well my school doesn't offer any music programs at the moment so I just stopped practicing and no longer had a thing. But shoutout to my two best friends that keep me occupied.(:
Another obstacle is myself, pretty much everyone who has ever had to get up in front of people and sing or do speech has felt nervous. Well I get nervous too and I try so hard to impress others and I mess up. So I have just been a big critic of my singing, we all critique ourselves. I feel like, the older I get the more somebody newer and younger is going to show up singing way better than me. I know I shouldn't feel this way, but I don't want to disappoint people who thought I was good before, now they have to change their minds and that means I have failed to maintain the status of being talented.
I feel like I need to be Involved and included in something official to make it official.See the problem is that I keep putting barriers up for myself and I end up just blocking every possible solution. (Well, that's what adults have told me) Now as I am writing this I really realize the idea of "failing forward". If I never try I will never succeed, so does that mean I will fail? If I never try I will never fail FORWARD. I wouldn't be moving at all so I guess never trying could mean that I could fail BACKWARDS.


text:
Ref: fraNan79242
Apartment for rent from € 111/day in NantesName/Address: Park&Suites Elégance Carré Bouffay
Image disclaimer: It is the responsibility of the hotel chain and/or the individual property to ensure the accuracy of the photos displayed. Dream Home Shop is not responsible for any inaccuracies in the photos.
My Suite Carré Bouffay has well equipped comfortable studios for two people, FR-44000-01 and FR-04400-02. There are also apartments for a maximum of four people, FR-04400-03. The furnishing of all the accommodations is modern, attractive and comfortable. There are two-burner hobs. Relax and discover the beautiful city of Nantes and all its charms.
Cancellation PolicyTenant may cancel a booking in writing provided payment of the following cancellation costs is made: a. for cancellations up to the 42nd day prior to commencement of the first day of stay: 30% of the rent; b. for cancellations from the 42nd day up to the 28th day prior to commencement of the first day of stay: 60% of the rent; c. for cancellations from the 28th day up to the first day of stay: 90% of the rent; d. for cancellations on the first day of stay or later: the full rent. The date of the postmark or the date of the relevant e-mail message shall be decisive in determining the question of whether the booking was cancelled in due time. A booking cancelled by a Main or other Tenant shall also serve as cancellation at the expense of the co-tenants. The Tenant may take out cancellation insurance for the accommodation period with an insurer known to BELVILLA . Cancellation by BELVILLA : BELVILLA must make a modification proposal to the traveller by way of an alternative offer within 48 hours (2 working days) of the occurrence of grave events. This obligation shall lapse if the cause of the modification is attributable to the tenant. The costs for a modification made by the tenant amount to EUR 35.
Please note that in addition to the cancellation penalties above, the fee is not refundable in case of cancellation.
The position on the map may not be accurate
No info provided


text:
The Wolverine College Prep Clinic is designed for high school players who have the ambition to play at the next level. The clinic is for players who want quality training and to be surrounded by other players who have a desire to play in college. Players participate in two training sessions. The day offers players the opportunity to gain exposure to the Wesley College coaching staff and to spend time on the Wesley College campus. Registration must be completed online and enrollment is limited to 25 players.
College Prep Clinic
- Date: November 20, 2016
- Grades: 11-12
- Cost: $90.00
- Check-in: 9:30 pm Clinic runs till 3pm
- Soccer Sessions: 10:00-11:00am, 11:00-12:00 and 1:00pm to 2:45pm (Scott Miller Stadium)
Please bring soccer gear, change of clothes, and soccer cleats for field turf (indoor shoes in case of inclement weather). Registration is required but you may pay on the day. Clinic will be rescheduled if weather dictates. Parents and coaches are welcome to watch.
Scott Miller Stadium – 550 Clara St, Dover DE 19901Register Now


text:
Chroma Key is an image effect allowing you to replace any solid colored background with another image. This effect is more commonly known as green...$0.99
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For the color lover in us all, welcome to Chroma: The Premier Color App for iPad. This tool has been designed from the ground up to make the...$7.99
50% OFF FOR A LIMITED TIMEChroma Key Studio Pro is a green screen (pink and blue too) application that allows the user to change a monochromatic...$4.99
This application can background synthesis of the camera.By using this application, including the universe, it is easily possible to take pictures...$1.99
Visit our site http://www.greenscreenapp.netGreen screen, also know as Chroma Key, is a process that allows you to replace a solid colored...$4.99


text:
RepairClinic Item #2332617 | Lennox OEM Part #60L21
Furnace blower motor. This single-phase motor has the following specifications:
Horsepower: 1/3
Voltage: 115
Full-Load Amperage: 5.1
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Order by 3:00 PM ET and choose FedEx 2Day or FedEx Overnight shipping, this part ships TODAY!
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RepairClinic Item #3379114No modifications required.


text:
Get Baby Presents from £1.99.
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text:
Optical parametric amplifiers are typically seeded with either parametric superfluorescence or broadband continuum pulses. We show both with picosecond and femtosecond pump pulses, that single longitudinal mode cw lasers with mW power can be well used to generate nearly Fourier-transform-limited output pulses. The 532 nm pumped picosecond system is seeded in the near infrared and fully tunable from 1260 to 1630 nm. The femtosecond system operates stable with just hundreds of seed photons. The output spectral width matches closely to the width of individual spectral features found in single shot spectra of parametric superfluorescence. Both systems provide interesting radiation sources for nonlinear optics experiments that need highly controlled and clean excitation.
© 2013 OSAFull Article | PDF Article
OSA Recommended Articles
Hong Wang, Kam Sing Wong, Daoqun Deng, Zuyan Xu, George K. L. Wong, and Jingyuan Zhang
Appl. Opt. 36(9) 1889-1893 (1997)
Jing-yuan Zhang, Zuyan Xu, Yufei Kong, Chaowen Yu, and Yicheng Wu
Appl. Opt. 37(15) 3299-3305 (1998)
V. Petrov and F. Noack
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 12(11) 2214-2221 (1995)


text:
~A Royal Werewolf Princess ~
My name Selena my parents are alphas of our pack which makes me the princess.
Soon I will find my mate, someone to love and someone to love me back
I always loved my ex Prince Eric his a very strong alpha we have had our our love strong but it's not as strong as it was so we ended.
My family are queen and king off Agnes we are only a small Kingdom compared to Eric his is massive and bigger he rules over Gillmore Kingdom.
But what happens when your ex turns out to be your mate?
will Selena get hurt by what she sees?
Will she finally love him back after what he done?
Or will she find a different mate?
find out by reading this book
#956 in werewolf - 25 September 2016
#773 in werewolf - 27 September 2016
#676 in werewolf - 09 October 2016
_you_cant_fix_me Jan 25
*sigh* I really was hoping her name would be Ariel get it prince Erik and Ariel?


text:
|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Rainer Jung <rainer.j...@kippdata.de>
|Re: SVN messages.
|Thu, 20 Jul 2006 20:18:19 GMT
I found it easy to delete via filtering for "svn lock" and "svn unlock". It's different for the archives, but for them this traffic peak will not be serious. The worst thing was, that mails got delayed by several hours. I would prefer to keep svn commits on the dev list. Yoav Shapira wrote: > Hi, > > On 7/20/06, Costin Manolache <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote: >> The svn messages are quite horrible IMO. Is there any way to suppress >> them >> in future ? > > Some projects have a separate > [svn|commits|cvs|similar]@projectname.apache.org mailing list. We > could do that, but then you can into the mode of reminding all > committers to subscribe to those lists. Having stuff on the dev lists > encourages all developers to look at commits, raising the inspection > level a bit one would think. > > And honestly, people who want to filter these messages out can do so, > whether they are on their own list or on this one. It's quite easy to > create rules for them, including temporary filters like to handle > today's unusual amount of messages. > > So all in all, let's treat today as the unusual event it was in terms > of volume of SVN messages, and keep things the same unless people have > strong objections. > > Yoav > > --------------------------------------------------------------------- > To unsubscribe, e-mail: email@example.com > For additional commands, e-mail: email@example.com -- kippdata informationstechnologie GmbH Bornheimer Str. 33a 53111 Bonn Tel.: 0228/98549-0 Fax: 0228/98549-50 www.kippdata.de ======================= kippdata informationstechnologie GmbH Bornheimer Str. 33a D-53111 Bonn Tel.: +49/0228/98549-0 Fax: +49/0228/98549-50 www.kippdata.de --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: email@example.com
|View raw message


text:
Our customers say "Meow!"
|Cat Grooming Prices
Grooming is done by Lori Doyle, only. Lori has completed a two-week cat grooming training at the National Cat Groomers Institute of America in South Carolina. Prices listed below include labor and supplies, but not travel* and not sales tax. Travel and tax will be added to your invoice - We can give you a price beforehand. All cat grooming services are done in your home.
You can mix and match the services below. I do not insist on full grooms for every visit -- but I will recommend a bath if I think your cat could really benefit from one. It does happen that I might need to decline grooming your cat. Normal hissing and growling, even fake (warning) bites, are fine. Some cats just like to scream when they are annoyed -- that's expected and more decibels will not make me go away, so don't worry about that. However, panting is a danger sign for the cat's health, and I may stop the groom. If you cat bites me hard and I am bleeding, I will probably stop the groom. If your cat is basically unmanageable -- I do not want the cat to get hurt and I do not want to get hurt -- I will stop the groom.
*Your price for travel will vary depending on your distance from Lori's home base, which is in Wynantskill, NY, OR a previous appointment, whichever is closer to you. The fee is based on the current IRS business travel reimbursement rate per mile round trip. Travel rates start at $5.00 and go up. (For example, Albany addresses can range from $10-$17 for the travel fee from Wynantskill, NY, but keep reading to find out how to save money on grooming.)
** What does a full groom include?
For all cats, short hair or long hair, a full groom includes
How to Save Money on Grooming
1. If you will be home when I come over to groom your cat, and you know your cat is going to hide or run away, save time (money) by having your cat in a carrier before I get there. Avoid the $1 per minute cat-chasing fee ... I will bring a stopwatch!
2. If you will not be home when I come over to groom your cat, and you know your cat is going to hide or run away, save time (money) by placing the cat in one room with the door closed, and no super tricky hiding spots (like a king size bed with space for the cat to get under it). Avoid the $1 per minute cat-chasing fee!
3. Have a flexible schedule -- I will do my best to combine your cat's groom with other trips I have near your home. This can save you a significant amount of money on the travel fee. Albany city customers, I am in Albany every Thursday morning to volunteer at Whiskers. This means on Thursday mornings and early afternoons the travel fee to your Albany city home is only $5.
4. Have your cat groomed on a regular basis! The longer you let your cat's coat go, the worse condition it's in and the more work it needs, adding up the cost to you (and aggravation to the cat). Instead of spending $56.00 on a full groom, you might end up spending $100+ on a full groom PLUS a lion cut AND a fecal removal and pelt removal fee. Keep up with your cat's grooming and you will save money and it can help your cat's health and well-being.


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Learn more about L.A. BROWN LIMITED. Check the company's details for free and view the Companies House information, company documents and list of directors.
Know about every new company document that is added!
Take advantage of our watch this company feature free of charge and have notifications sent directly to your inbox. Whenever a new document appears on this website, or if their particulars change, you will be immediately informed about such changes. To monitor these changes, all you need to do is click on watch this company.
|Tangible Fixed Assets
|£ 168
|Current Assets
|£ 201,666
|Tangible Fixed Assets Depreciation
|£ 1,935
|Provisions For Liabilities Charges
|£ 34
|£ 48,054
|Shareholder Funds
|£ 196,795
|Profit Loss Account Reserve
|£ 196,695
|Called Up Share Capital
|£ 100
|Total Assets Less Current Liabilities
|£ 196,829
|Net Current Assets Liabilities
|£ 196,661
|Creditors Due Within One Year
|£ 5,005
|Cash Bank In Hand
|£ 144,002
|Stocks Inventory
|£ 9,610
|Share Capital Allotted Called Up Paid
|£ 100
|Number Shares Allotted
|100 Ordinary shares of £1 each
|Tangible Fixed Assets Additions
|£ 399
|Tangible Fixed Assets Cost Or Valuation
|£ 2,103
|Tangible Fixed Assets Depreciation Charged In Period
|£ 182
Information about the Private Limited Company L.A. BROWN LIMITED has been prepared for information purposes only. It is not intended to be nor does it constitute legal advice. This is public information provided by the official company register.


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Me I would want to travel as much as I can and be a slut lol but I would wanna write a letter about how I feel... I would probably do something crazy like sky diving or some shit.. and smoke crystal meth ha ha
Most Helpful Guy
1 month? Sheesh, well I'd gather my most logical friends to start planning things for me. I'm dying so I sure as fuck are not going to spend my few remaining hours booking cool stuff to do. That would be their gift to me.
I'd try LSD, Molly, shrooms, all those crazy drugs, but that would probably be around day 28-31 when I'm really starting to lose it.
I'd try and hit ever milestone in life. Hopefully my girlfriend would go walk to remember with me and let me marry her.
I'd also probably try to pull of a heist on my last day, cause if I get caught who cares?00|00|0
Whoo hoo let's go to VEGAS and get fucked up
Most Helpful Girl


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Author | exchange4media Mumbai Bureau | Monday, Mar 19,2007 9:57 AM
PIX, the English movie channel from Sony Entertainment Television (SET India) stable has completed a year and has launched a campaign to celebrate its anniversary. Outdoor and radio are the main medium of this campaign. The creative message of the campaign revolves around the channel's philosophy of airing only handpicked movies. The campaign will be executed across Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai and Hyderabad.
An official communiqué stated: "The main idea behind the outdoor campaign is to create a direct association with the brand. Instead of promoting individual films, it will reflect the dramatic and stylish qualities of PIX with the help of the caricatures of Hollywood personalities."
The radio spot too is designed to reiterate the brand message by incorporating the signature PIX tune. A company spokesperson said, "PIX is all about a good story that is told well. We are clear that we are a channel that tells good stories and that is what we have done through the year which has reflected in our performance as well."
The creative will use caricatures of Hollywood personalities. For example, a creative with a caricature of Angelina Jolie will read 'Read my lips… Keep watching PIX' or the creative with Will Smith will read 'WILL watch PIX'.
Programming HeadRadio Mango


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2.37 acres in Prince Georges County, Maryland
Great location near National Harbor. Busy intersection of Livingston Rd and Bock Road. PROPERTY CONSIST OF 2 PARCELS #220 (2.370 acres) & #221 (0.362 acres) BEING SOLD AS ONE. SEE LISTING # PG 9607300 and PG17121308865. Zoned CSC can be used for stripped shopping center, office/ medical office, hotel, restaurant. HOUSE HAS BEEN USED AS OFFICE SPACE CONSISTING OF 1,316 SQ. FT.
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Siu Cheung
Global One
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NOTE: The information contained herein is provided as general information only and has been obtained from sources deemed reliable. It is provided without any guaranty, warranty or representation, expressed or implied, made by Lands of America, or any related entity, as to the accuracy or completeness of the information. The information is presented subject to errors, omissions, change of price or conditions, prior sale or withdrawal without notice. Prospective purchasers should make their own investigations, projections and conclusions concerning the information.


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- Price: $2,350 per Month ($1/sq. ft.)
- 3010 Nottingham Circle
- City: Mount Juliet
- Subdivision: WELLINGTON PLACE 2
- County: Wilson County
- Beds: 4
- Baths: 3½
- Type: Rental
- Elementary School:
- Middle School:
- High School:
This Masters View at Pine Creek home is located at 390 Anthony Branch in Mount Juliet. 1673740 was built in 0 and has 3 bedrooms390 Anthony Branch, Mount Juliet - MLS 1673740 Close
Rental property for rent in Mount Juliet, TN at 390 Anthony Branch. This 3 bedroom rental property is priced at $1/sqft.
This 4 bed and 2.5 bath home has 3,654 square feet of living space. The home features a large fireplace. Convenient to Pine Creek Golf course. CALL NOW!
Listing information last updated on August 20th, 2017 at 10:25am CDT.
Have any comments or questions about 390 Anthony Branch, Mount Juliet, TN? Ask your question and/or share your thoughts about this property.


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drcarlosBudding Enthusiast
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Ford Model
Ranger XLT Thunder
drcarlos posted a topic in Audio & ElectronicsMy XLT thunder only came with 1 key and no remote fob obviously a key will have to come from Ford (hopefully not too expensive) but the remote locking and alarm (which I assume this top spec truck will have) I would like to work again properly was wondering if the remote fobs are expensive from Ford or if it is worth just buying a Toad system from the bay and fitting it myself (I am very handy with this sort of thing)? Carl.
drcarlos posted a topic in General Ford Related DiscussionsHello all, just purchased only my 3rd Ford ever (in 15 years of driving) an 04 Ranger XLT Thunder, hopefully will prove to be a better ownership experience than my other 2 with Ford. So far so good it runs rings round my old Mitsi L200. Carl.


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Fresno, California – (The Hosting News) – September 29, 2008 –
Web hosting for video conferencing and webinars, is provided for larger audiences, by VideoSeminarLive (VSL), for meetings, webcasts, presentations, training seminars, or planning sessions from remote locations.
Paul Taggart, President and co-founder of VSL noted, "What VideoSeminarLive offers to businesses is the chance to utilize this technology and really compete in the marketplace, at an incredibly affordable price. It just makes sense for any business concerned with the bottom line."
Businesses will have the capability to defray increasing travel and gas prices, by using VSL, rather than traditional meeting methods. VideoSeminarLive uses most of the same technology as the very sophisticated Video Conference systems but operates under a the much simpler and common browser based technology. Video conferencing is now available to a much larger audience at an affordable price.
Video Conferencing is not a brand new technology. It has been around for more than a decade. The advancement in Video Conferencing came when the technology became 100% internet based. President of VideoSeminarLive, Paul Taggart, said this about the recent development, "The reality has been until just recently, only companies with deep pockets could afford to use live real-time video meetings. $80,000-plus systems based out of fixed locations are not feasible for the majority of businesses. The costs are not the only prohibitive factor. Business in the year 2008 is significantly different than even 5 years ago. Today businesses operate and connect with professionals from varying locations all over the world. Browser based conferencing solves two big Video Conferencing issues.
With an array of products services VideoSeminarLive offers businesses the opportunity to cut down on costly travel expenses while maintaining the ability to expand customer base and support. Offering up to 6 live video feeds, board meetings and weekly conference meetings can now take place online without the travel. As more and more companies embrace the new technology, they have witnessed operating costs go down and employee productivity go up. Offsetting heavy travel expenses and losses in production time have helped businesses keep pace in a changing economy.
VideoSeminarLive operates through a web browser (i.e. Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari) which gives businesses the capability to hold meetings, webinars, webcasts, presentations, training seminars, or strategic planning sessions with multiple clients and employees from remote locations. Employees can also meet with outlying clients, offering more immediate customer support, cutting out the need for long distance travel. Features like built-in voice communication, 6 live video feeds, presentation sharing, text chat and interactive whiteboard allow business very interactive online meetings. Webinar hosting features like event registration, content management and on-demand session recordings available 24/7 provide webinar minded business the tools they need to connect with a much larger audience.
Taggart and his business partner, Lorin Brown, share a background in small business operations, business consulting, and strategic planning. As they have worked to help businesses succeed, they realize how vital this technology is for more efficient operations. However, many business owners are discouraged and wary of the high costs often associated with web conferencing. In most cases, it would only take one canceled business trip to pay for the system for the entire year.
Mr. Brown added, "Business owners contact us on a daily basis that would like to use the system in a way we had never even thought of. Many of the ideas are absolutely brilliant and leave us saying, wow!"
Current Clients range from large world wide corporations, non profits, educators, mentor coaches, consultants and sales organizations. Entrepreneurs are finding new and creative ways to use this system in order to reach customers and clients to subsidize their income and boost revenues.
VideoSeminarLive also offers a free trial for the product as well as a Starter's Guide which answers the most commonly asked questions and offers equipment recommendations.
To learn more, please visit: www.videoseminarlive.com.


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My boyfriend hangs out with his ex girlfriend and their mutual friends until like 4 morning. He says he's completely over her but she texted him like a week ago saying she was still falling for him. Should I be okay with him being out so late with her being there? Also would you be okay with it?
- yes i would be okay with itVote A
- no i wouldn't be okay with itVote B
Most Helpful Girl
If it's with a group of friends then I think it's OK but if he spends alone time with her knowing she still likes him then it starts to get icky. I wouldn't feel comfortable around a ex knowing he still likes me if I'm in a relationship. However I voted B here just because I think you should be able to hang out with them and secondly, the part about her expressing she's falling for him makes me wonder.11|00|0


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ENGAGE Youth Theology Initiative equips high schoolers for the ministry of racial reconciliation
As generation Z is coming of age in a post-Christian culture, Lipscomb University's College of Bible & Ministry recently launched ENGAGE, a summer youth theology institute to educate, challenge and empower teens to take seriously Jesus' teaching on reconciliation and service to those on the margins of society, as well as to be moved to a life of vocational ministry.
As an annual summer initiative, ENGAGE brings together high school students from culturally diverse backgrounds and Churches of Christ to explore the contemporary call to racial justice and reconciliation; the histories of both the Churches of Christ and the U.S. Civil Rights Movement; and what it means to live a life of Christian leadership and vocation.
After receiving a $475,000 grant from Lilly Endowment Inc. in February 2016, Leonard Allen, dean of the college; Richard Hughes, scholar-in-residence in the college; and Claire Frederick, ENGAGE program director; worked fervently to cultivate relationships, build a curriculum and launch the 10-day youth theology institute in summer, 2017.
From July 5-14, 26 high school students from seven states including Oregon, Wisconsin, Arizona, Florida, Texas and Washington D.C. gathered on Lipscomb University's campus to participate in the first annual ENGAGE Youth Theology Initiative.
"A program like this is crucial for our College of Bible & Ministry because as a college we are committed to equipping men and women to serve in God's Kingdom," said Allen. "Clearly we live among deep racial divides in our culture. Through initiatives like ENGAGE, we are seeking to further understanding and healing by creating an environment to educate from Scripture and allow God to move in the hearts of these teens."
During ENGAGE, students studied theology, Scripture and history with Lipscomb professors, participated in conflict transformation workshops, immersed themselves in various historical and cultural opportunities in Nashville, as well as participated in a two-day U.S. Civil Rights pilgrimage in Alabama called the "Bus Ride to Justice."
On this historical and interactive bus tour, students explored: the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham; the Equal Justice Initiative, Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, and the State Capitol in Montgomery; Brown Chapel AME Church and the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma; the Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site at Moton Field and the Tuskegee Human and Civil Rights Multicultural Center; and students met Fred D. Gray, legendary civil rights leader and attorney who represented Rosa Parks, the Montgomery Bus Boycott, Martin Luther King Jr., the 1965 Selma to Montgomery March, the desegregation of Alabama public schools, and victims in the Tuskegee Syphilis Study.
"I am still attempting to put into words what this 10-day experience has meant to the students, faculty and staff of the ENGAGE Youth Theology Initiative at Lipscomb University," said Claire Frederick, ENGAGE program director. "We have studied social and racial justice through the lens of the biblical text, stood on historic sites of the U.S. Civil Rights movement, read the speeches, sung the freedom songs and learned how to embody the 'beloved community' in word and deed and in our various Christian vocations."
"Our students were eager to participate in all the activities, field trips and classes we had prepared for them," Frederick continued. "The program was designed to bring together young people from very different backgrounds and to create a safe space in which they could share and bring all of who they are—their fears, their passions, their hopes for the future and their desire to be world-changers to the glory of God."
McKenna Barken, a high school junior from Brownsville, Tennessee, says she participated in ENGAGE because she wanted to grow her relationship with God and learn how to better relate to her peers.
"Throughout ENGAGE we've learned mainly, outside of the classroom, how everyone is different," said Barken. "Back home, I'm used to the same type of people. And here, you're looking at different opinions and different thoughts and it's helping us realize that we are all God's children – we're not the same – but He loves us."
Rylee Russell, a high school senior who attends Highland Oaks Church of Christ in Dallas, Texas, says throughout ENGAGE she has been reminded that everyone has been given their own story and it is important to invest yourself in one another's narratives, just as Jesus would.
"I've learned so much about narrative and how important that is in the world we live in to ask someone, 'Tell me about your life, tell me your story,' and I think that this trip has really cemented this idea into who I am and who I aspire to be: someone who can sit down and say 'Tell me about your life,'" Russell said. "I've also learned not to just ask someone about their narrative, but to fully invest myself in other people's narratives, because in the Bible, that's what Jesus did. Whether that was with people who were higher up in Rome, or with people like tax collectors or the woman at the well – he listened to their narratives."
Hughes, who has a longstanding partnership with Lilly Endowment Inc., helped Allen build the program curriculum after recognizing the rich historical connections Nashville has to the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 60s.
"Given Lipscomb's location in Nashville, which was a center for civil rights activity during the Freedom Movement; the breach between Lipscomb and the African-American Churches of Christ in Nashville over Nashville Christian Institute; and the work of racial reconciliation that President Lowry began in 2012, especially with Attorney Fred D. Gray – this theme seemed like a natural topic for Lipscomb," said Hughes.
During ENGAGE, Hughes taught one of two classes, and says he believes it is significant for teens to participate in a program like ENGAGE so they can boldly embrace and live out themes that Jesus teaches in Scripture.
"Many young Christians of high school age – and many older Christians, for that matter – have a truncated understanding of the gospel, framing it only in terms of (1) the afterlife and (2) personal salvation. And while that piece of the puzzle is valid, it is incomplete," said Hughes.
"Therefore, we wanted these students to supplement that understanding with the realization that the gospel has enormous implications for community and for social justice in the here and now. In fact, one of the themes Jesus hammered on time-and-again was compassion for the poor and the oppressed – so we spent a lot of time in our classes with the biblical text, trying to help these young people to understand that, in addition to an afterlife, the gospel also calls us to take this world and the people who live in it with utmost seriousness."
Frederick echoed Hughes sentiment saying, "Our ENGAGE students learned that the teens who marched in Selma and in the Children's Crusade in Birmingham were the exact same age then as our ENGAGE kids are now—15-18 years old."
"Those Alabama students didn't wait to take action that would change the world and bring about freedom. And our ENGAGE students know that high school kids don't have to wait to be the 'church of tomorrow' or 'world-changers—someday.' They can begin right now to live into God's purposes for them."
The second ENGAGE program will be held at Lipscomb in the summer of 2018. For more information about the ENGAGE program, housed in the College of Bible & Ministry, click here.


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Chicago Bears NFL Heather Action 2 Tone 59FIFTY Cap
Made of 56% Acrylic, Woven, 44% Wool, Woven
This Chicago Bears NFL Heather Action 2 Tone 59FIFTY Cap features an embroidered Chicago Bears team logo on the front, stitched New Era® flag at wearer's left side and embroidered NFL® logo on the rear. Interior includes branded taping and a moisture absorbing sweatband.
- 20769142
- Color:
- Navy/Orange
- Availability:
- In Stock
International shipping available to Canada - info


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Tuna Fish Casserole
READY IN: 45mins
Top Review by Darkhunter
Very different. Not what I expected. I didn't care for it, but my sisters ate it up. Only change they recommended was to stir everything up before adding chips on top. Oh, and next time, they want to add green chilies. Thnx for posting, chris. Made for Fall 2008 My-3-Chefs.
See Discussion:1 Review
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1 (6 1/2 ounce) can tuna
- 1 can Campbell's cheddar cheese soup
- 1 cup Minute Rice
- 8 ounces frozen peas
- potato chips
Directions See How It's Made
- Boil rice according to package directions, Drain tuna and put in bottom of ungreased 1 1/2 quart casserole dish.
- Top with coooked rice.
- Spread cheddar cheese soup over rice.
- Spread peas over soup.
- Crush a few potato chips to top it all off.
- Cover.
- Bake at 325 degrees for 30 minutes.


text:
Tomisin Erogbogbo
Gov Amosun: Harassment of journalists must stop
The private residence of Ogun State governor - Senator Ibikunle Amosun at the Ibara Government Reserved Area (GRA) of Abeokuta was involved in a fire incident last week. Items including clothes, shoes, electrical appliances and old newspapers were sa more
20 Mar 2013 23:00 Editorial
Trumpet TV
Recent Comments
A very refreshing, insghtful and eloquent exposition from a venerable journalistic "superhero" hims
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Falade abayomi | Nigerian Animal Farm: Monkey dey work, baboon dey chop!


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Definition Edit
Level of uptime (also called availability)
|describes the time in a defined period the service was available, over the total possible available time, expressed as a percentage.[1]
Overview Edit
"Some cloud services specify that the service will be unavailable for specified periods for maintenance. It is common for the stated level of uptime to exclude these maintenance periods. In this case Uptime = Total Possible Available Time – (Total Downtime – Maintenance Downtime)."[2]


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In The Woke Olympics, Nobody Wins Gold
I don't want the Gold medal. I want the liberation.
Karma Jonez is a 29 year old Howard graduate, born and raised in Petersburg, Virginia. She is now making somewhat of a living in Atlanta, GA, where she relocated 3 years ago. She is a Public Relations Specialist who drinks too much wine, and watches more Love & Hip Hop than she'd like to admit. She has her own blog and weekly podcast where she says a lot of funny things and talks to super cool people. Her work has been featured on sites like XoJane, Blavity, For Harriet, WETV, BlogHer and more.
You know what you need in your life? Weekly updates about all the pop culture, race & politics, Bougie Black People™ shit, and other grand tomfoolery we cover here on VSB. Plus early heads up about new tees, new contributors, and our events. Do it.
There are blockbuster movies and art house films. TPAB is an art house movie. Not even a Wes Anderson joint, but something you might see as part of a museum exhibit before you head to the dinosaur section. I have a yearly membership to the Smithsonian.


text: Fast forward to the year 2014, Taurus Jackson has been through a lot in her life and now she finds herself in New York City, the city of dreams but ironically the city that never sleeps. However, she has to start at the bottom again and now in her mid 30's, she has to become someone's assistant. And not just any someone but to supermodel/businesswoman, Karrueche Tran. As soon as she lands the gig, her life goes awry, especially when she is stuck in the elevator with superstar, Chris Brown and they almost share a kiss. Come to find out, Chris is Karrueche's fiance. Chris had taken a break from the music business and has popped the big question and of course Karrueche says yes. Hopeless romantics and haters alike are calling their upcoming wedding the "Event of the Year". Karrueche, though small in stature, is headstrong, intimidating and is in total control of how the wedding and even how Chris's life will go down. And soon Taurus is also at her every beck and call while feeling guilty about their almost kiss. Wedding planners, ex-girlfriends, flighty and snotty assistants, tabloid drama and the biggest bridezilla bring Chris and Taurus closer. Chris soon wonders, is this real life? What should he do? Settle down and living "happily ever after" with Karrueche or should he have taken that chance while he was trapped in an elevator with Taurus?? And how will a woman like Taurus handle this new life of hers??


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Plaza Inn & Suites Amenities
Our Boutique Hotel in Ashland Oregon is At Your Service
Your convenience and comfort are our ultimate goal. In fact, the entire management and staff of the Plaza Inn & Suites are committed to providing each guest with a luxurious boutique hotel experience.
We have a variety of complimentary amenities and services designed to make your stay as pleasant as possible and should you need help with anything, our friendly guest service agents will be more than happy to assist you in any way possible.
Our elegantly appointed guest rooms and suites feature premium bedding, and complimentary high-speed Internet access. Spacious work desk with ergonomic chairs are also provided for your well-being. Our hotel now features a Tesla charging station.
To start your day out right, we serve you a delicious expanded hot breakfast. You are cordially welcomed home each evening to our Evening Snack. Additionally, you can enjoy a late night snack before retiring for the evening. We also offer a wine and cheese reception on Fridays and Saturdays from 5 to 6 p.m. from June through October during Outdoor Theatre dates.
At the Plaza Inn & Suites, we understand that it is important to maintain your healthy exercise regime while on the road, so we offer a variety of facilities to help you do just that! Relax and unwind at our sun terrace hot tub or maintain your fitness regime at our fitness center which has the equipment you need for all your exercise needs and is at your disposal 24 hours per day.
The Plaza Inn & Suites loves pets so your furry friends are always welcome here.


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The Whirlpool Silent Partner II dishwasher has an overfill protection float, adjustable silverware basket, upper and lower spray arms, extra large capacity shelves, light item clips, rinse aid dispenser, third level wash, multi-position adjustor and, of course, a quiet motor. The dishwasher is sold online and in many appliance, department and home retail stores and comes with a limited warranty. If your Silent Partner II dishwasher is out of warranty and experiencing problems, troubleshooting the issue may help you find a solution without calling a service technician.
Things You'll Need
- Clean cloth(s)
- Automatic dishwasher detergent
- Rinse aid
- Glass container
- Vinegar
Verify that there is power to your Whirlpool dishwasher, if it is not working or stops suddenly, by making sure the power cord is completely connected to a functioning power supply. Replace or reset the circuit breaker or fuse if necessary.
Push down firmly on the overfill protection float, which looks like a small dome in the bottom of the dishwasher tub, if there is no water entering the dishwasher. Look at the water valve under the sink and make sure it is fully turned on.
Clean out the detergent dispenser with a clean cloth if there is detergent left in the cup even after the wash cycle has finished. Load the dishwasher so that nothing blocks the dispenser and use only fresh detergent that is less than eight months old. Restart the dishwasher if it stopped during the wash cycle.
Set a glass container with 2 cups of vinegar in the bottom of the dishwasher and run a regular wash cycle with no dishes or detergent if there is a bad odor in the dishwasher. Run a rinse cycle daily if there are dishes in the dishwasher but it is not full enough to run a full wash cycle.
Scrape excess food debris from dishes, prior to washing them, if the dishes are not completely clean after washing. Use enough detergent and make sure the spray arms can rotate and spray water freely. Do not overload the dishwasher.
Fill the rinse aid dispenser, before each use, if there are spots or a filmy appearance to glasses or dishes after washing them or items are not drying completely. Use a heated dry cycle if items are still wet or allow longer time for items to air-dry if the "Air Dry" option is selected.
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text:
Two days after their blazing exchanges at the second presidential debate, Barack Obama and Mitt Romney were in a more cheerful and jovial mood.Dressed formally in white tie and tails on Thursday evening, the two passed stinging jokes at the annual Al Smith dinner.
Both presidential candidates conventionally attended the dinner and gave cheerful speeches in the evening hosted by the Archdiocese of New York that was attended by many of the nation's most prominent Catholic citizens and clergy.
And unlike the debates, neither Obama nor Romney disappointed the audiences when they poked fun at one another. Where Romney mocked his own wealth while taking aim at the president for running up the federal debt, Obama noted the 'nice long nap' he had taken during the first presidential debate.
The event was a humorous break in a fight that has become progressively more vicious and nasty and is close with less than three weeks left before the November 6 election.
Take a look at this video:
The tone of the evening was set with opening remarks by Al Smith IV, who could not resist teasing Romney for his "binders full of women" debate remark.
"I want to say a special welcome to all of the accomplished women here tonight. It's good to see you made it out of those binders," Smith said with amusement.
The Al Smith dinner is an annual speaking occasion for presidents or presidential candidates to analyze their comic skills with self-deprecating jokes usually written up by witty speechwriters.
Let's have a look at some of the best one liner by both the presidential candidates at the Al Smith dinner.
It's nice to finally relax and wear what Ann and I wear around the house.
As some of you may have noticed, I had a lot more energy in our second debate. I felt really well-rested after the nice, long nap I had in the first debate.
My job is to lay out a positive vision for the future of the country, and their job is to make sure no one else finds out
Everyone please take your seats, otherwise Clint Eastwood will yell at them
I was actually hoping the president would bring Joe Biden along this evening, because he'll laugh at anything
Spoiler alert: We got bin Laden.
You have to wonder what he's thinking. 'So little time, so much to redistribute'
Just the other day, Honey Boo Boo endorsed me. So that's a big relief.
Earlier today, I went shopping at some stores in Midtown. I understand Governor Romney went shopping for some stores in Midtown.


text:
Anthony was invited to stay for Wednesday's tryouts. He is one of four Americans which were asked to stay for tomorrow.
He is in group A, and will be the only American in group A. Anthony is very excited and hopes to do better tomorrow.
Here are photos from today's event


text:
$21.90 $19.70 - Sold Out
Janod Magnetic Kit wooden rocket with spinning propeller. Features five sections connected by magnets and branding in white on one of the fins. Approximately 14cm x 13cm x 13cm. Suitable for babies aged 18 months and up.
Any little spaceman will be over the moon to be given this vibrant Janod wooden rocket. Beyond the gorgeous colours and chunky, tactile design, any budding scientist will be fascinated by the powerful magnets that hold this brilliant toy together. If you like this, try the Kid O grass green tip truck or Skipper blue star estuary yacht.


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Report summaryThis is a combined analysis of the Kloof and Driefontein mines, operated and owned by Sibanye Gold. Collectively the two mines produce around 1 Moz of gold per year. Labour accounts for nearly 50% of operating costs.The key challenges facing the mines include labour relations driven mainly by inter-union rivalry. Power and water costs account for approximately 20% of operating costs. Unreliable power supply coupled with planned tariff increases from Eskom (the local power provider) has led Sibanye to consider alternative complementary sources of power. One alternative under consideration is the construction of a 150MW solar plant.
What's included?
This report includes 2 file(s)
- Kloof - Driefontein gold mine PDF - 413.15 KB 7 Pages, 1 Tables, 1 Figures
- Kloof Division (Driefontein) gold mine XLS - 147.00 KB


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Masked Input and Form CalculationAsked by pcpires on July 22, 2015 at 06:13 PM
I am using the Masked Input widget to collect a number (ex. 1,25) (comma as decimal separator)
Then, I am using a Form Calculation to perform a calculation with the previous number.
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But when I type larger values such as R$ 1.234,56, the calculation simply disappears.
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Screw Mach Drill, Blk Oxide, #53 135 SP
WESTWARD| Zoro #: G2008264| Mfr #: 5TVD4
Zoro #: G2008264Mfr. Part #: 5TVD4
$1.19 /ea
Orders over $50.00 ship free. DetailsStandard ground shipping
Technical Specifications
|Zoro #: G2008264 Mfr #: 5TVD4
|Drill Bit Finish: Black Oxide
|Drill Bit Point Angle: 135 Degrees
|Drill Bit Grouping: Drill Bit
|Point Type: Split point
|Flute Type: Spiral
|Item: Screw Machine Drill Bit
|Drill Bit Material: High Speed Steel
|Application: Tool Steels, Carbon Steel, Plastic, Cast Iron
|Item: Screw Machine Drill Bit
|Grade: General Purpose
|Decimal Equivalent: 0.0595
|Drill Bit Dimension Type: Wire
|Flute Length: 5/8"
|Drill Bit Size: #53
|Overall Length: 1-5/8"
|Country of Origin (subject to change): China
Product Description
Screw Machine Drill Bit, Standard, Number of Pieces 1, General Purpose Grade, High Speed Steel, Black Oxide Finish, Split Point, Drill Point (Deg.) 135, Wire Size #53, Decimal Equivalent 0.0595, Flute Length (In.) 5/8, Overall Length (In.) 1-5/8, Tool Steels, Carbon Steel, Plastic, Cast Iron