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IT Recruitment Thame
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Thursday, January 2, 2014
Another "Dirty Secret" About Veena's Sudden Marriage
Newly married Pakistani Bollywood actress Veena Malik has all hands full- not taking charge of her households but cleaning controversies that surrounds her sudden marriage. Before she could enjoy a blissful married life Malik's alleged ex-boyfried/manager Prashant Pratap Singh has accused her of fraud, betrayal. Veena retorted back calling him ex-employee who is maligning her reputation and also doubting his sexual orientation. This fired up the jilted lover and Singh has claimed that Veena was pregnant with his child. Learning of Veena's sudden marriage, Prashant revealed that Veena was carrying hid child in 2012, They discovered about the pregnancy on May 10. According to Prashant Veena was very keen on having the baby, but they were not ready for it. After attending the opening shoot of her Kannsda film "Dirty Picture": Silk Sakkath Maga', they decided to terminate the pregnancy. Orashant further elaborated that he knows the intimate about Veena which her current husband Asaad can confirm. It looks like this marriage will terminate soon as is routine in Bollywood and Lollywood as well as in Hollywood. The marriage in Showbiz specially of actresses is to enhance their market and Veena knows the tactics.
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Natalie, one member of the duo from must-read Hi There, needs new glasses.
In her entry today she posted plenty of photos of her frame inspiration.
Go there now to see what Natalie's looking at – from Ashley Olsen, Chloe Sevigny, a safety-goggle inspired Balenciaga pair, through to Rachael Leigh Cook's pre-makeover character in 'She's All That'. I think she should go with something like the Givenchy pair from 2006.


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7 Qualities That Early Childhood Education Should Develop in Preschoolers (Part 2)
As children grow, their unique personalities begin to develop, and they start to build the knowledge and skills that they will need in life. In our la…Read More
As children grow, their unique personalities begin to develop, and they start to build the knowledge and skills that they will need in life. In our la…Read More
Educating children is hard, and it seems that it is getting harder and harder to find the types of teachers who have the skill to tap into a child's…Read More
When you send your child to day care, it's important that you have the confidence that your child will be cared for and kept safe. However, day care…Read More
Have you ever noticed that your child doesn't push against the walls of your house to see if they'll move? You don't push against your walls, ei…Read More
If you're the parent of a young child, you probably swing back and forth from moments of being in love with and in awe of your child, to moments of …Read More
Preschool is a season in life where children are exploring the world around them, discovering things, and growing fast. In preschool, there is an almo…Read More
Every teacher's dream is to have a child who is highly engaged with learning. However, this is not merely for the teacher's benefit (even though t…Read More
Have you ever encountered an adult who doesn't know how to plan? Whether it's a person who doesn't know how to plan a party, plan a travel itine…Read More
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Read Clockwork Phoenix: Tales of Beauty and Strangeness by Mike Allen Free Online
Book Title: Clockwork Phoenix: Tales of Beauty and Strangeness
The author of the book: Mike Allen
Language: English
Format files: PDF
The size of the: 39.91 MB
Edition: Mythic Delirium Books
Date of issue: July 1st 2008
Read full description of the books Clockwork Phoenix: Tales of Beauty and Strangeness:You hold in your hands a cornucopia of modern cutting-edge fantasy. The first volume of this extraordinary new annual anthology series of fantastic literature explodes on the scene with works that sidestep expectations in beautiful and unsettling ways, that surprise with their settings and startle with the manner in which they cross genre boundaries, that aren't afraid to experiment with storytelling techniques, and yet seamlessly blend form with meaningful function. The delectable offerings found within these pages come from some of today's most distinguished contemporary fantasists and brilliant rising newcomers.
Whether it's a touch of literary erudition, playful whimsy, extravagant style, or mind-blowing philosophical speculation and insight, the reader will be led into unfamiliar territory, there to find shock and delight.
Introducing CLOCKWORK PHOENIX.
"Author and editor Allen ("Mythic") has compiled a neatly packaged set of short stories that flow cleverly and seamlessly from one inspiration to another.... Lush descriptions and exotic imagery startle, engross, chill and electrify the reader, and all 19 stories have a strong and delicious taste of weird."
-- "Publishers Weekly"
Read information about the author
I was born in Minneapolis, Minn., six months before Neil Armstrong walked on the moon.
But my first childhood memories are of Guam island, where my father took a teaching job after receiving his Ph.D. It was a childhood of rocky beaches, skittering lizards and huge black-and-yellow spiders with webs that covered walls.
My parents moved to a suburb outside Chicago, then to a small mining town in the Appalachian Mountains, where for good and for ill I spend most of my formative years. I didn't fit in there, had little love for the strip mines or the native sons who bullied me, but I did spend many wonderful hours in a well-stocked library on a hill across town. My father, yes, made me read The Lord of the Rings, his favorite book, and hiking down the paths that started there led me to H.P. Lovecraft and Ursula K. Le Guin, Harlan Ellison and T.S. Eliot, Roger Zelazny and Stephen King. For years I had a subscription to Asimov's Science Fiction, which functioned as my window into the "glamorous" world of speculative fiction.
My family finally moved to Roanoke, Va., where I still live. In 1992, the year that Pope John Paul II forgave Galileo, I graduated from college, married Anita (nee Seth) and sold my first short story to a small press zine. Three years later, after earning my master's degree (in creative writing, from Hollins University,) I made my first blip on the publishing radar by editing and printing New Dominions, a chapbook of stories and poems by Virginia writers such as Nelson S. Bond, Bud Webster, Paul Dellinger, Vickie Holt and R.H.W. Dillard (the title was a play on "The Old Dominion.")
That rather humble hand-made anthology (I pasted the pages in order and trimmed and stapled the first edition myself) launched a number of things. Because of it, I met people who became lifelong friends and creative partners; it also led to years working as a submissions reader and freelance editor for DNA Publications, a genre house that produced such magazines as Aboriginal Science Fiction, Absolute Magnitude, Fantastic Stories and Weird Tales through the '90s and early '00s. It even played a role in landing me my newspaper job (I've been a writer of some form for The Roanoke Times since 1998.)
Anita and I now live in a house we call "Stone Oak Croft" among too-tall trees beneath a pestilence of squirrels. We co-exist with and occasionally serve the whims of two eccentric young cats, Persephone and Pandora, who use our goofy galumphing dog Loki as a pillow and play-toy, much to his consternation.
In my day job I'm the arts columnist for my city's daily newspaper, but this website is all about what I do in my spare time. Here's a list.
‣ Since 1998 I've been editor, (and since 2006 publisher) of the biannual poetry journal Mythic Delirium, a zine that's published work by Neil Gaiman, Ursula K. Le Guin, Jane Yolen, Joe Haldeman, Catherynne M. Valente, Theodora Goss, Ian Watson, Sonya Taaffe, JoSelle Vanderhooft, Jeannine Hall Gailey, Jessica Paige Wick, Amal El-Mohtar, Samantha Henderson, Kendall Evans, Deborah P Kolodji, F.J. Bergmann, Erzebet YellowBoy Carr and many, many others. Four poems from our pages have gone on to win the Science Fiction Poetry Association's Rhysling Award for best speculative poem and reappear in the Science Fiction Writers of America's Nebula Awards Showcase series.
‣ I've edited or co-edited several books, including The Alchemy of Stars (the anthology of all the poems which have won the Rhysling Award) the MYTHIC anthologies of fantasy poetry and fiction, and most recently the critically-acclaimed Clockwork Phoenix: Tales of Beauty and Strangeness anthology series for Norilana Books.
‣ Clockwork Phoenix in particular became the focus of a lot of genre community attention, with starred reviews in Publishers Weekly, and stories included on the Locus Recommended Reading List, reprinted in several Year's Best anthologies and shortlisted for the Nebula, Shirley Jackson, and WSFA
Add a comment to Clockwork Phoenix: Tales of Beauty and Strangeness
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Words containing gobiida
Found 1 words containing gobiida. Browse our Scrabble Word Finder, Words With Friends cheat dictionary, and WordHub word solver to find words that contain gobiida. Or use our Unscramble word solver to find your best possible play! Related: Words that start with gobiida
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Sep 20, 1983
|Filing date
|Jun 17, 1981
|Priority date
|Jun 17, 1981
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Ellis K. Cave, Neil Hazelwood
|Original Assignee
|Tbs International, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (9), Referenced by (53), Classifications (7), Legal Events (10)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to telephone equipment, particularly to an apparatus and method for automatically determining the status of a telephone call which has been placed by the apparatus.
Apparatus for automatically placing telephone calls to deliver prerecorded messages have, in the past, suffered from a disadvantage of not being able to recognize the signals that indicate call progress. Such automatic callers can be programmmed or arranged to deliver a recorded message to people on a list, given their phone numbers. The automatic caller could dial the respective telephone number for an individual, but would not know whether the call was ringing or answered, or whether the line was busy, out of service, etc.
One possibility is to use a phone handset hangup click detector which responds to the noise or signal which is generated when a telephone party hangs up the telephone. The same noise occurs when a called party answers the telephone. Circuits have been devised for detecting such noise, and a hang-up detector cooperating with a timer is one combination which can be used to learn some information about call progress. Basically, the timer would be set for some arbitrary time, such as 30 seconds. If there were no answer click, as detected by the hang-up detector, within the 30 second period, then the automatic telephone caller would assume that the call could not be completed and release the telephone line. The primary disadvantage of such a system is that it does not know whether the called telephone number resulted in a ringing signal, a busy signal, or a different signal. In other words, it does not identify call progress tones.
Accordingly, prior to the present invention there has been a need for a call progress tone detection circuit which would be capable of ascertaining the progress of each phone call which had been placed by the automated equipment. It is therefore one object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for achieving this purpose.
One complication in achieving this goal is the lack of an industry standard on the precise characteristics of the tones which connote various states. There is variance in call progress tones among American Telephone and telegraph telephones (the "Bell System"), the General Telephone and Equipment telephones, and other, independent telephone companies. Because an automatic caller places calls throughout the United States, a call progress tone detection circuit which is designed for use with such an automatic caller must be capable of recognizing any call progress tones, regardless of the telephone system which generates those tones. It is therefore a further object of the present invention to provide such a call progress tone detection circuit.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a call progress tone detection circuit which is not unduly complicated, uses little space on a printed circuit board, and uses little hardware. In other words, a further object of the present invention is to provide a call progress tone detection circuit which is accurate, inexpensive, and compact.
According to various aspects of the present invention, a call progress tone detection circuit is provided which makes use of unique properties of call progress tones. These tones are usually formed by the mixing of two sinusoidal signals of different frequencies. For example, a busy tone may be formed from two signals with frequencies F1 and F2. A ringing tone might comprise a different combination, such as F1 and F3, and a third call progress tone may comprise still a third combination, such as F2 and F3. As is well-known, when signals of differing frequencies are mixed, the resultant signal has various components, one of which is related to the sum of the frequencies and another is related to the difference between the two frequencies. If this difference frequency is of a suitably low frequency, i.e., below 200 Hz, it has the effect of an amplitude modulation at that difference frequency. This is what gives the dial tone, busy and ringing tones their characteristic "purr" or "buzz." The frequency of this amplitude modulation is relatively unique for each type of call progress signal. By detecting this modulation envelope and examining its frequency as well as other timing parameters of the call progress signals, the type of signal can be determined.
The envelope of a call progress tone is usually a periodic low frequency sine wave component whose frequency is between 20 and 200 Hz and often between 30 and 150 Hz. The envelope frequency is related to the difference between the frequency of the two basic tones comprising the signal.
A call progress tone detection circuit according to certain aspects of the present invention extracts the low frequency envelope cycles (generally in the range of 20-200 Hertz) of the unknown signal and examines their periods. These period measurements are accumulated and then evaluated. If the envelope periods are not reasonably constant over a standard measurement interval, then the call progress tone detection circuit can conclude that the unknown signal is voice. However, if the envelope period is regular, then the call progress tone detection circuit according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will compare the detected envelope period and other timing parameters of the signal to known periods and corresponding parameters for signals used by the various telephone systems in current use in the United States. If there is a match between the detected parameters, then the call progress tone detection circuit identifies the call progress tone for further use by the automatic telephone caller. For example, if the call progress tone detection circuit ascertains that a dialed telephone number is returning a BUSY signal, then the associated automatic caller may decide to release the line which has been dialed, store the telephone number in a scratch pad memory or the like, and attempt to establish communication with that subscriber at a later time. The circuit according to another aspect of the invention determines whether a RINGING call has been answered.
In describing a preferred embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to the appended drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention in an automatic telephone caller environment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an illustrative pearl period detector and pearl period counter;
FIG. 3 is a set of waveform voltages generated in the FIG. 2 circuit, and is useful in understanding the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing how the microprocessor of the illustrative embodiment operates when an overflow interrupt occurs;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing how the microprocessor of the illustrated embodiment operates when a pearl cycle (period) interrupt occurs;
FIG. 6 is a sketch of various counts and bins used in FIGS. 4 and 5.
FIG. 7A, 7B and 7C together form a flow chart showing the operation of an illustrative "Background Routine" used by the microprocessor of the illustrative embodiment to analyze input data respecting the progress of a telephone call to identify the call progress;
FIG. 8 shows a low pass filter used in the illustrative embodiment;
FIG. 9 shows an interface to connect a telephone line to the automatic gain control circuit of FIG. 10;
FIG. 10 shows an automatic gain control circuit and full wave rectifier of FIG. 1 used in the illustrative embodiment; and
FIG. 11 illustrates the interface to the microprocessor.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a call progress tone detection circuit 100 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in an automatic caller apparatus. The call is connected to the telephone control office 102 by an isolation transformer 104 and line buffer 106. The incoming signals are passed through an automatic gain control circuit 108 which includes a full-wave rectifier 110. The specification of U.S. Pat. No. 4,333,056 entitled "Automatic Gain Control Circuit with Non-Negative Exponential Release," of Ellis K. Cave, one of the inventors of the present invention, filed Apr. 7, 1980 and issued June 1, 1982, shows circuitry including a full-wave recitifier which can provide rectified incoming signals as outputted by rectifier 110 of FIG. 1. It will be understood, of course, that the automatic gain control invention described therein is not required for practicing the present invention. It will be appreciated also that rectification other than full-wave, i.e., half-wave, for example, may be used within the scope of the present invention, although half-wave rectificaion does not perform as well.
Rectified signals from rectifier 110 are applied to a low pass filter 111 which outputs a signal representing approximately the average power of the incoming signal. As mentioned supra, if the incoming signal is indeed a call progress tone, then it is comprised of two components which have been combined to form a resultant signal with periodic amplitude modulation. The output of low pass filter 111 is illustrated as V111 of FIG. 3. It is important to realize that the filter 111 passes DC signals, so the output V111 comprises a signal approximating the average power of any signal which is received by the automatic calling equipment.
The output of filter 111 is applied to an envelope period detector 112. To extract the superimposed envelope period, a DC blocking circuit 113 is employed to remove the DC or low frequency shift associated with signal presence. This places the smaller periodic envelope fluctuations on a constant reference, as shown in V121. These fluctuations are the higher frequency (above 10 Hz) amplitude modulations that allow signal differentiation. A hysteresis comparator 114 converts the signals to a digital level signal containing the period information as shown in V122. A one-shot 115 removes one edge of information, causing a pulse to be generated on a positive edge of the period, thus maintaining full period information as shown in V124. This signal is called the period interrupt and occurs on the output 116 of envelope period detector 112.
The period of the envelope signal is determined next. One manner is to apply the period signal to a microprocessor 117 which times the period between pulses of the signal. However, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the work load on processor 117 is minimized so that its capabilities will be available for other computing functions which may be necessary or convenient in the automatic calling equipment.
Accordingly, an envelope period counter 118 is provided in the preferred embodiment of the present invention for measuring the time elapsed between period interrupt pulses and presenting this time to microprocessor 117 via a latch 119 representing the period of each signal envelope excursion. Overflow circuitry 120 develops an overflow signal V153 and passes it to microprocessor 117 whenever the period counter overflows indicating an elapsed time for a period beyond the period counter's capability. This allows the processor 117 to keep track of time during long envelope periods by counting overflow pulses. The period information, together with the overflow indication generated from the overflow detector 120, enables processor 117 to determine whether the incoming, received signal carried a call progress tone, and if so, to identify such call progress tone.
FIG. 2 illustrates the period detector 112 and period counter 118 of FIG. 1. The output of low pass filter 111 is AC coupled to the inverting input 121 of an amplifier 122, illustratively a type 339 comparator. Amplifier 122 forms a hysteresis comparator whose output V122 is applied to an inverter 124 with a hysteresis input which operates as one-shot 115. For example, a type 40106 CMOS Schmitt Trigger Inverter can be used. The output of one-shot 115 clocks a "state" JK flip-flop 126 (such as a CMOS type 4027) whose output is applied to microprocess 117, illustratively a Mostek 3872 or a Fairchild F8. Illustratively, a "state" latch 127 (such as a type 74LS373 with eight inputs and eight outputs) has one input connected to the Q output of flip-flop 126. The corresponding output is connected to one of the ports of microprocessor 117. Programmed microprocessor 117 enables the latch output after it receives an interrupt. The output of one-shot 115 is also applied to one of many inputs to an inverting OR gate 128 whose output is connected to an interrupt input of microprocessor 117. The state flip flop allows the microprocessor to determine which process caused an interupt by examining all state flip flops when an interupt occurs to see which one changed.
FIG. 3 illustrates various waveforms developed in the period detector 112. The waveform (voltage) V111 illustrates the input to detector 112, i.e., the output of low pass filter 111. The AC coupled input to the inverting input 121 of amplifier 122 is shown as V121. The output V122 of that amplifier also is shown and, as can be seen, comprises a digitized envelope signal. One-shot 115, which interrupts microprocessor 117 via gate 128 outputs negative pulses 125 which occur each time the AC coupled envelope crosses zero.
For systems considerations, microprocessor 117 will consider that all of the inputs are constant unless the microprocessor receives an interrupt signal to indicate otherwise. Accordingly, the interrupt input connected to gate 128 causes microprocessor 117 to scan its "state" inputs. Pulses 125 clock flip-flop 126 whose Q output is connected to the state input of microprocessor 117. As will be described, other state inputs are connected to microprocessor 117. Consequently, upon receipt of an interrupt pulse, microprocessor 117 determines that the Q level of flip-flop 126 changed state and therefore concludes that an envelope cycle has occurred and been detected.
Waveform V111 consists illustratively of broad pulses 130 having envelope cycles 132 thereon. Pulses 130 are followed by periods 134 with no detectable amplitude modulation, i.e., with very long periods. Illustratively, each of pulses 130 and terms 134 endure for about 500 miliseconds, as would occur for a "busy" tone. The frequency of cycles 132 is in the range of 20 to 200 Hertz. The period during the term 134 corresponds to approximately 0.1 to 1.0 Hertz. The negative-going pulses at waveform V124 each last for between one and ten microseconds.
Referring again to FIG. 2, envelope period counter 118 is also shown. It includes a 3.5795 megahertz oscillator 140 whose output is applied to a divider 142 to result in a 5.115 kilohertz clock signal. (This can be achieved using a 3.5795 MHz crystal oscillator stepped through type 4027B serially connected JR flip-flop (to divide by four) and a CD40103 set to divide by 175). Clock signals are applied to one input of a NAND gate 144 whose other input is connected to the output of one-shot 115. The output of gate 144 clocks a counter 146, such as CD4520, whose eight-line output is applied to a latch 148 (such as a 74LS373) connected to microprocessor 117. Pulses 125 output by one-shot 115 reset counter 146 by means of an RC circuit 150 connected to the reset input of counter 146. Similarly, pulses 125 enable latch 148 by means of an inverter 152 connected to the enable input of the latch. This circuitry provides a measure of the period of envelope cycles 132 (FIG. 3).
Counter 118 also includes circuitry for measuring the duration of terms 134. Thus, the output of counter 146 is applied also to a NAND gate 154 whose output OVF both interrupts microprocessor 114 via gate 128 and clocks an overflow state flip-flop 156. Flip-flop 156 is a JK flip-flop with the J and K inputs tied together and the Q output coupled to an input of state latch 127, which is connected to microprocessor 117.
The operation of counter 118 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 which shows waveforms developed in counter 118. Clock pulses at 5.115 KHz pass through NAND gate 144 to clock counter 146. The bottom five waveforms of FIG. 3 are shown in an expanded scale. It should be noted that the clock pulse frequency is much greater than the time between pulses 125. Counter 146 therefore counts clock pulses between pulses 125 and provides this information to latch 148. Each pulse 125 stops the period count through gate 144, and loads this count into latch 148. The trailing edge of pulse 125 causes one shot 150 to reset counter 146 for the next period measurement. Latch 148 saves the count between pulses 125 and holds it for microprocessor 117.
If counter 146 reaches a full count of 255 counts, then the overflow signal OVF is emitted by gate 154. It signifies that a measured period of time has elapsed without an envelope cycle 132 and hence its period having been detected. In other words, each overflow pulse OVF indicates that the telephone line has been silent or that no envelope cycle has been detected for 255 counts. This time is approximately 50 milliseconds.
Microprocessor 117 keeps track of the number of interrupts (both overflow counts and envelope cycle detection 125) and of the envelope periods. From this, it can determine what is happening on the telephone line. Microprocessor 117 has software to correlate the input measurements to known signal data thereby to determine precisely what call progress tones are on the line.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the operation of programmed microprocessor 114 in the illustrated embodiment when a period overflow interrupt OVF (also called an interval interrupt) is received.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing how programmed microprocessor 117 operates in the illustrated embodiment when an overflow cycle (period) interrupt is received.
FIG. 6 is a sketch which illustrates graphically a conceptual model of the structure of the system described by FIGS. 4 and 5.
When identification of a call progress tone is requested, illustratively by command of a host processor for the overall system communicating with the microprocessor 114, the system operates as follows. The system, when first enabled, assumes that it is receiving overflow interrupts OVF. The number of OVF interrupts is accumulated as an OVF interval count 160 and in a secondary OVF interval counter 161 to provide a measure of the silent time. Each time the accumulated OVF interrupts are equivalent to one second, interrupt routing in microprocessor 117 passes the total and contents of other registers to be described infra to a buffer area for identification by a Background Routine of the call progress.
If an envelope cycle is detected by detector 112 to cause an interrupt pulse 125, the envelope period is accumulated as a secondary envelope period count 164 in the microprocessor to determine the total time in which sound is present. If such total becomes larger than 100 milliseconds, a flag is set in the microprocessor indicating that the program now will totalize envelope period interrupts. In other words, whenever a minimum of 100 milliseconds of sound is detected, microprocessor 114 allows envelope period information to be retained as a valid sample from which it can make an identification. It will be understood that this arrangement operates as a noise filter, for the secondary envelope period counter 162 is reset each time an OVF interrupt is received. Microprocessor 117 assumes that if less than 100 milliseconds of sound occurs before a silent period, then the sound must have been noise. It therefore discards the "sound" information.
As shown in FIG. 6, programmed microprocessor 117 also employs an envelope period total count 163 to totalize the "sound" time, and an envelope total sample count 164 to totalize the number of detected envelope cycles. Also shown is an illustrative set of sample count bins 165, 166, 167, 168 and 169. The ranges 170 for each bin is associated with the bins. A set of sample total bins 171, 172, 173, 174 and 175 is shown, each having respective ranges corresponding to those for the sample count bins. Illustratively, a sample count bin 165 corresponds to a range of zero to "49" clock counts. Sample count bin 166 illustratively corresponds to "50" to "99" counts; a bin 167 corresponds to "100" to "149" counts, etc. The same ranges correspond to the sample total bins 171 to 175. Preferred ranges are contained in Appendix 2 (attached to the file of this application at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office), which uses eight bins.
All counts initially start at zero. Each time an envelope cycle is detected and its period ascertained by counter 118, the period is compared to the various ranges 170 to determine into which range the period falls. The period is then added to the proper sample total bin 171, 172, 173, 174 or 175 for that range. Also, the corresponding sample count bin 165, 166, 167 168 or 169 for that range is incremented by one count. This process continues, and the sample total bins maintain respective cumulative totals of the envelope cycle 132 periods falling into the respective bins, while the sample count bins continuing incrementing depending on the envelope cycle 132 periods which are detected.
For example, assume that the system becomes enabled. All of the bins and counts are zeroed. Assume that enough cycles are detected so that the secondary count 162 exceeds 100 milliseconds, so that envelope cycle 132 periods will henceforth be accumulated. Next, an envelope cycle is detected by detector 116 and its period is determined by counter 118 to be "45" clock counts. The total sample count register 164 is incremented from zero to one. Microprocessor 117 determines that this envelope cycle 132 period of "45" clock counts falls within the range of zero to "49." It therefore increments the sample count bin 165 from zero to one. Also, it enters "45" in sample total bin 171. Further, it enters "45" in count 163 which accummulates the time that all of the sample total bins. Thus, the sample count 164 shows "1," count 163 shows 45," sample count bin 165 reads "1," sample count bins 166 to 169 read "0," sample total bin 171 reads "45," and sample total bins 172 to 175 read "0."
Assume now that a second cycle is detected and is measured at "75" clock counts. The sample count 164 is then incremented from one to two because two samples have been detected. Microprocessor 117 determines that "75" is in the range of "50" to "99" and therefore determines that the sample bins 166 and 172 are appropriate. It therefore increments bin 166 to one and enters "75" units into bin 172. Further, it adds "75" to the "45" in count 163 which now reads "120." This means that there has been "120" clock counts of cycles uninterrupted by an overflow signal OVF.
Assume now that a third cycle is detected of "63" clock counts. The envelope cycle sample count 164 is now incremented to "3" (meaning that three envelope cycles have been detected). Microprocessor 117 determines that the number "63" is in the range of "50" to "99" and that bins 166 and 172 are appropriate. It therefore increments bin 166 from one to two. It adds the "63" clock counts to bin 172. Such bin, it will be recalled, had "75" stored therein from the second sample. Consequently, sample total bin 172 now will read "138" clock counts. Further, the period total count 163 which stores the total "sound" time, will add "63" for the third sample to the "120" counts for the first and second samples to result in an accummulated period ("sound") time of "183" counts.
This procedure continues in microprocessor 117 until an accumulated overflow interrupt OVF greater than 50 milliseconds occurs. In the preferred embodiment, an overflow signal OVF is generated after about 50 milliseconds. Thus, the first OVF signal after a series of envelope cycles is sufficient. At that time, all register and bin totals are ready to be inputted to a buffer area in the microprocessor for further analysis by the Background Routine.
When the Background Routine is enabled, it first determines whether the period total count 163 has enough clock counts in it so tht the accummulated envelope period time exceeds 250 milliseconds. This simply assures a broad enough sample.
FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C together form a flow chart to show the operation of programmed microprocessor 117 in the Background Routine. It will be observed that FIG. 7B includes steps identifying the call progress tones. For example, step 200 is an identification by the system that a "RINGING" call progress tone has been detected. Step 202 represents an identification by the system that the called party has answered the telephone call. Step 204 represents an identification by the system that the RINGING tone has stopped. Step 206 represents an identification by the system that a "BUSY" tone has been identified.
Those skilled in the art will readily comprehend the flow charts of FIG. 7. However, the following overview should be of assistance to others. Referring to FIG. 7A, decision diamonds 208 and 209 test for a characteristic pattern resulting from the envelope periods of a RINGING tone. Usually, such tone results in the third bin (i.e., bin 167 of FIG. 6) containing ten or more counts and the fifth bin (i.e., bin 169 of FIG. 6) containing 5 or more counts. If so, an adjustment is made in block 210 which adds one-half the bin 167 count to the bin 169 count, and adds bin 173 total to the bin 175 total.
Next, block 211 and decision diamond 212 determine whether the envelope periods of the sample show that the envelope cycles were substantially regular. This is assumed to be true if the largest bin 171, 172, 173, 174 or 175 contained one-half or more than the total count of 163. If so, the period representative of regular envelope cycles is developed at block 213. Illustratively, the average period of such largest bin is used. This representative period is defined as the Sample Result ("SR").
In FIG. 7B, it will be seen that a regular pearl period of between "121" and "150" will be identified at block 200 as a RINGING call progress tone. A regular pearl period of between "40" and "49" will be identified at block 206 as a BUSY call progress tone after three detections of this tone are counted by block 214.
After RINGING has been detected, a sample of less than 250 milliseconds will be identified as an ANSWER. A regular envelope period of outside the range of "121" to 150" counts will also result in identification of ANSWER. If the envelope period total count is zero, it is assumed to be an interval interrupt and an accumulation of more than four seconds of interval is identified as RING STOPPED.
FIG. 7C illustrates a DIAL TONE detection 215 as a regular envelope period of between "40" and "65" counts. This identification can be made only prior to enablement of ANSWER detection circuitry (see decision diamond 216 of FIG. 7B).
A HANGUP identification 218 is shown also in FIG. 7C. This occurs when ANSWER detect and DIAL TONE detect are disabled, and upon receipt of envelope periods of between "40" and "65" counts.
Appendix 2 to the file of this application constitutes an assembly language listing of the flow charts illustrated in FIGS. 4, 5 and 7. In Appendix 2, "pearl" is used instead of "envelope."
Illustratively, low pass filter 112 may comprise two serially connected dual pole Butterworth filters. FIG. 8 illustrates a low pass filter of the present embodiment.
FIG. 9 illustrates an interface to connect the telephone line to the automatic gain control circuit 108. This interface includes isolation transformer 104 and line buffer 106. In FIG. 9, the telephone lines 202 are seized by a relay contact 222 under command of microprocessor 117. Voltage regulators 224 and 226 protect against surges. A diode bridge 228 couples the seized telephone line to isolation transformer 104. The secondary winding of transformer 104 is coupled to line buffer circuit 106 formed about amplifier 230 (illustratively a type 3403). Its output is connected by a relay 232 (illustratively a type 4066), enabled by microprocessor 117 to automatic gain control circuit 108 (see FIG. 10).
FIG. 11 illustrates how various portions of the illustrated embodiment interface to microprocessor 117. In the preferred embodiment a Mostek 3872 microprocessor can be used although a Fairchild F8 could be employed. As can be seen, Port "0" of microprocessor 114 is connected to "state" latch 127 having inputs I0, I1, I2, I3, I4, I5, I6 and I7 and outputs O0, O1, O2, O3, O4, O5, O6 and O7. Latch 127 is continuously enabled, but the outputs are enabled only upon receiving signal LASEL2. Such signal is developed from PORT 4 of microprocessor 117, which, when microprocessor 117 is programmed to examine the state inputs, identifies the particular latch to be read. It will be understood that other latches can be connected to microprocessor Port O, such as by connections 250, each latch being read by a respective "latch select" signal such as LASEL2. Illustratively, an auxiliary latch 252 is connected to Port O by connections 250. Latch 252 is enabled by signal LASEL3.
The Port 4 latch selection is applied to a decoder 254 (illustratively a pair of CD4556's) connected to Port 4. A strobe output STB of microprocessor 114 enables the decoder 254 to decode the identification from microprocessor 114 of the latch(es) to be read.
Also shown in FIG. 11 is the interrupt input 256 to microprocessor 117. It receives external interrupts via an inverter 258 connected to gate 128 which comprises an arrangement of parallel AND gates 260 connected to a NOR gate 262. Each interrupt signal to be applied to microprocessor 117 has a respective AND gate 260. Gates 260 are shown for the envelope cycle detection interrupt and the overflow interrupt OVF. Each AND gate 260 is separately enabled by means of an interrupt enable latch 264 connected to Port 1 and itself. enabled by a latch enable signal LASEL7. Latch 264 is enabled whenever call progress is to be determined. This arrangement provides improved flexibility and efficiency for a microprocessor system, allowing it to select from many possible inputs by using a port to identify the interrupt to be enabled.
The call progress tone detection circuit described herein requires only four to five sixteen pin chips and a few discrete components in the preferred embodiment. The cost is fairly low, and the circuit uses little space on a printed circuit board. Yet, despite these advantage of low cost and minimal space reqirement, the invented circuit is capable of accurately identifying call progress tones used in any of the known telephone systems in the United States. The circuit is substantially immune from noise and therefore operates quite accurately.
It is to be understood that the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims, has been described with reference to a particular, illustrative embodiment. Those who are skilled in the art will appreciate that many changes can be made to the embodiment described in this specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, fully within the scope of the present invention. For example, rectifier 110 and filter 112 operate as an envelope detector, and other envelope detectors may be substituted within the scope of the invention. Other forms of protection against noise may be used either within or outside of the microprocessor. The period counter 118 relieves microprocessor 117 of processing which could be done in the microprocessor if so desired. On the other hand, the invention could be embodied in a more complex circuit with less or no software, as desired by specific needs, However, the use of a microprocessor has been found to be advantageous. Other modifications within the scope of this invention can be made.
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|U.S. Classification
|379/32.01, 379/418, 379/372, 379/69
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 17, 1981
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text: What we've been talking about Get link Facebook Twitter Pinterest Google+ Email By I {heart} Rhody - December 31, 2012 We made this word cloud to illustrate what's been most often on our blog this year. It's been a lot of fun for us, and we hope you enjoy sharing our adventures! about us Location: Rhode Island, USA Get link Facebook Twitter Pinterest Google+ Email Comments Post a Comment We love to hear your thoughts. Chime in below, and we'll come to visit you, too!


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|1,050 sq. ft.
|Property type
|Minimum Stay
|3 nights
Cabin set in aspen trees at top of hill. Views of Big Hole Mountains, sunsets, and just the tip of The Grand! We are 6 miles from Driggs ID (great grocery store) and 45 miles from Jackson WY. Large deck on back in trees, also front porch. Fishing on the Teton River 5 minutes away. Peaceful location, gorgeous views, just a short drive from the hustle bustle and fun of Jackson. Enjoy your stay on 'the quiet side of the Tetons!'
Cabin has new windows and new kitchen. One bedroom with queen bed upstairs, one full bathroom with tub upstairs, and loft with single daybed and pull out upstairs. Two more bedrooms and full bath (shower) on main level.
The cabin is located 7 miles from Driggs and Ski Hill Road - the road that goes up to Grand Targhee for skiing, horseback riding, and concerts. One hour drive over the pass to ski in Jackson Hole.
Great kayaking on the Teton and Snake Rivers and mountain biking in the Big Hole Mountains. Fly-fishing at Leigh Creek, Teton River, and Henry's Fork. Small town of Driggs with cute restaurants and shops is a six mile drive. Music on Main in Victor on Thursday nights in summer.
Jackson Hole (55 minute drive) is full of art galleries, shopping, museums, restaurants, float trips on the Snake, as well as cross-country and downhill skiing. Idaho Falls and Jackson airports are both 75 minute away. Yellowstone National Park is 90 miles north - enter at West Yellowstone. Island Park and Henry's Fork, an area of world famous fly fishing, is 40 minutes north.
Keywords: Cabin
We bought this cabin as a vacation get away for family and friends. Since then we've added a log cabin next door. Our extended family uses the cabin often, so the kitchen is well equipped and the beds are comfy. We split our time between the cabin, Berkeley and Uruguay. We love to hike and kayak and cook dinners for the family. We have two grown children who live in San Francisco and Oakland.
Ginger purchased this cabin in 2005
This area of Idaho, Wyoming and Montana is just gorgeous. There are so many beautiful areas to visit - mountains, waterfalls, rivers, fields of wildflowers throughout the summer, great snow all winter - you will want to be outdoors every day. Late spring is the best time to see the animals with their new offspring, and October brings the spectacular golden 'quaking' leaves on the aspen trees.
Private secluded area near large ranches.
We really liked the cabin and the location. I liked the Log Cabin decor. But the lighting in the bathrooms was not bright enough, and it was difficult to get in the large soaking tub - we needed a step. We did however like the double shower which was very roomy. The single mattresses on the floor were not comfortable for a couple over 50, so the cabin doesn't really work for two couples. It would be fine for a couple and their children. A curtain would be good for the sunrise up in the loft. We enjoyed our stay.
We had a wonderful time at the cabin. Great location near lots of great hikes and adventures. Cabin was spotless and had a great private feel. Would highly recommend.
Near enough to Jackson and Grand Teton park, but without the high Jackson prices. Secluded, beautiful cabin with TONS of amenities. The kitchen has more great gadgets than I have at home. The decor is adorable and the beds are comfortable. Plenty of storage for a family. Great game closet for rainy days. Not too far from Tetonia restaurants/groceries. The hosts have thought of and provided for everything. A definite win.
We were very privilieged to call this property our home for almost two full weeks! What a blessing it was for us and we felt the price was extremely reasonable and the owners fantastic to work with. While it is a bit of a drive into the national parks, it wasn't overwhelming and truthfully, it caused us to slow down and see the incredible mountains, rivers, lakes, trees, deer, etc. that we may have missed had we been closer. You won't be sorry if you stay here and the added bonus is that the city of Driggs is a fantastic town as well.
Perfect summer getaway. Peaceful and quiet. Beautiful view over verdant fields of Teton Valley to Big Holes. Cabin has everything one needs. Very clean and well appointed. Ginger was very responsive and helpful. Lots to do: hike, bike, golf and get out on Teton River to relax and enjoy wildlife. We will be back. Like to check it out in the winter too!
this cabin is isolated but close to town and many great adventures. The cabin has everything you need and is very comfortable and roomy. We met friends from Utah there and they loved it also. We highly recommend Ginger's cabin.
Very private, secluded cabin. Lovely setting. Well equipped kitchen. I would have preferred a bit more light in kitchen. Very comfortable beds with quilts. The back deck was wonderful in all the beautiful Aspens. It was very clean and neat and was just what we were looking for. I would definitely recommend this cabin to friends.
Art Galleries, Whitewater Rafting, Teton River Float Trip, Snow Coach Trip in Yellowstone, World Famous Bluegrass Festival at Grand Targhee in Idaho, Music on Main concerts, Wine Tastings at Alpine Wines.
|Rental Period
|Minimum Price
|Additional Nights
|Weekend Night
|Event Price
My Standard Rate
3 night minimum stay
for 3 nights
|Notes: Rates are based on 2 guests; add £11 per night, per additional guest
|Cleaning Fee
|Additional Guest Fee
|£10.86 per person per night
|Damage Deposit
Please put all people including children (over 7 mos.) in the adult box for a quote. The children box is not working. Babies under 7 months are free.