text:
The bloodline known in modern nights simply as the Salubri is actually descendant of one half of the ancient Clan. In bygone nights, one might have spoken of "healer" and "warrior" Salubri. In the modern nights, the last vestiges of the warrior Salubri are the antitribu of the Clan, and practice their Discipline of Valeren . The rest of the bloodline know the Discipline of Obeah. This Discipline allows the Salubri to judge and even improve a subject's health. As the vampire grows more powerful, Obeah lets her heal a target's soul directly. It is this power that forms the basis of the "soulsucker" charge that dogs the bloodline these nights.
This Discipline gives its practitioners a third eye in the center of the vampire's forehead when the Kindred masters the second level of Obeah.
• Sense VitalityEdit
With a touch, the Salubri can instantaneously read a target's injuries. She may learn how much damage a target has incurred, and therefore make a guess at what must be done to save him. This power can also be used for diagnostic purposes — useful for a victim who can no longer speak.
System: The Salubri must touch the target to see how close to death she is. He must then make a Perception + Empathy roll (difficulty 7). One success on this roll identifies a subject as a mortal, vampire, ghoul, or other creature. Two successes reveal how many health levels of damage the subject has suffered. Three successes tell how full the subject's blood pool is (if a vampire) or how many blood points she has left in her system (if a mortal or other blood-bearing form of life). Four successes reveal any diseases in the subject's bloodstream. A player may opt to learn the information yielded by a lesser degree of success — for example, a player who accumulates three successes may learn whether or not a subject is a vampire as well as the contents of his blood pool.
Alternately, each success on this roll allows the player to ask the Storyteller one question about the subject's health or health levels. "Was he drugged?" or "Are his wounds aggravated?" are valid questions, but "Did the Sabbat do this?" or "What did the Lupine who attacked him look like?" are not. The Salubri may use this power on herself if she has injuries but has somehow lost the memory of how the wounds were received.
Additionally, at the cost of one blood point, the Salubri may use Empathy for a roll instead of Medicine.
•• Anesthetic TouchEdit
The vampire can ease a target's pain or place him into a deep, soothing sleep with nothing but a touch. This power is intended to heal the pain or succor the mind of willing targets, but the character can, with some effort, employ the power against someone who does not wish it.
System: If the subject is willing to undergo this process, the player spends a blood point and makes a Willpower roll (difficulty 6) to block the subject's pain. This allows the subject to ignore all wound penalties for one turn per success. A second application of this power may be made once the first one has expired, at the cost of another blood point and another Willpower roll. If the subject is unwilling for some reason, the player must make a contested Willpower roll against the subject (difficulty 8).
To put a mortal to sleep, the same system applies. The mortal sleeps for five to 10 hours — whatever his normal sleep cycle is — and regains one temporary Willpower point upon awakening. He sleeps peacefully and does not suffer nightmares or the effects of any derangements while asleep. He may be awakened normally (or violently).
Kindred, including the Salubri herself, are unaffected by this power — their corpselike bodies are too tied to death.
•• Auguring the Sickness Edit
This power allows the Salubri to go beyond Obeah or Valeren's ability to determine wounds and reveal the fine damage caused by illness and disease. While best used by a medically-trained Salubri, even novices find the power useful.
System: The Salubri holds his hands above the patient, and the third eye gently teases out a vision of the afflicted tissues made of pure light (neonate Salubri delightfully describe them as holograms). The player rolls Perception + Medicine (difficulty 7). Each success reveals one fact about the illness, including likely developments and symptoms and potential avenues of treatment. Additionally, once augured, the vampire may use Corpore Sano to cure the disease outright, at a difficulty determined by the commonality and virulence of the disease (difficulty 5 for the common cold, difficulty 7 for most forms of herpes or chicken pox, or difficulty 9 for Ebola or HIV).
••• Corpore SanoEdit
The Salubri can heal wounds with a laying-on of hands. The subject feels a warm, tingling sensation over the affected areas as pain leaves the body and flesh knits. The vampire's third eye opens during this process.
System: This power works on any living or undead creature, but the character must touch the actual injury (or the closest part of the victim's body, in the case of internal injuries). Each health level to be healed requires the expenditure of one blood point and one turn of contact. Aggravated wounds may also be healed in this manner, but the vampire must spend two blood points instead of one for each aggravated health level.
•••• Shepherd's WatchEdit
The Salubri with this level of mastery of Obeah can create an invisible barrier between those under his care and those who would do them harm. The Salubri himself must stand among his charges as he generates this barrier; he cannot defend them from afar. Enemies armed with guns or other ranged weapons can still attack, but none may approach closer than a few paces. System: The player spends two Willpower points.
Erecting this barrier is a standard action, but maintaining it from turn to turn or dropping it is a reflexive action. The invisible barrier extends to about a 3-yard/ meter radius from the character, and no one outside that barrier may cross it while she maintains the power. Those within it at its creation may leave and return, however. The barrier moves with the Salubri. It cannot be maintained at a distance.
Those who wish to cross the barrier from the outside, whether friendly or hostile, must best the character in an extended, resisted Willpower roll (difficulty equals the opponent's current Willpower for the Salubri, and the Salubri's current Willpower for the opponent). The opponent may cross the barrier as soon as he accumulates three more net successes than the Salubri.
•••• Ending the Watch Edit
Ancient tales record Enochian Salubri walking the night streets, freeing those mortals ravaged by vampiric excess from pain. The death watch were respected for their knowledge and power, garnered by preserving elements of a dying mortal's soul within their own.
Ending the Watch can be used only on a dying mortal or one who truly, without coercion, wishes for death. Generally, the mortally wounded or the elderly are targets of this power, but torture victims or those suffering deeply from depression are equally viable. Even in these nights, the Tremere continue to speak of this power with dread, calling the Salubri soulsuckers to all who will listen.
System: The Salubri spends a Willpower point and lays a hand over a valid target's heart, peacefully and painlessly killing them. The player then rolls the character's Perception + Empathy (difficulty 7); upon a success, the target's soul is absorbed, remaining within the Salubri and visible via Auspex as a bright white vein in the aura. With the soul's vitality residing inside the Salubri, she knows much of what the dying mortal did — interesting secrets, passwords, or personal minutiae. She may recall specific facts of the target's memory ("What is the bank password?"), requiring an Intelligence + Empathy roll (difficulty 5) for each significant fact. She may also consume the soul; for each success on the original roll, she may heal herself of one level of lethal or bashing damage. A botch on either roll inflicts a level of aggravated damage as the soul bursts free of the Salubri's.
The Salubri may hold a number of souls within her equal to her Generation Background.
••••• Mens SanaEdit
With this power, the Salubri can heal madness, quieting inner demons and bringing a soul to peace. Indeed, ancient stories of the Salubri state that Saulot used this power to bring sweet, if temporary, relief to his "brother" Malkav. Other, more recent stories claim that Saulot caused Malkav's madness in the first place.
System: The player spends two blood points and rolls Intelligence + Empathy (difficulty 8). The use of Mens Sana takes at least 10 minutes of relatively uninterrupted conversation. Success cures the subject of one derangement of the Salubri player's choice. This power cannot cure a Malkavian of his core derangement, though it alleviates its effects for the rest of the scene. A botch inflicts the same derangement on the Salubri for the rest of the scene. This power may not be used by the Salubri to cure her own derangements.
••••• • Unburdening the Bestial SoulEdit
This power is the leverage that the Tremere have used for years to tarnish the Salubri's name. The Warlocks claim that the Salubri use this power to remove the souls of their victims, alter them in horrible ways, or simply consume them and then make mindless slaves from the blasted husks. The truth is that the Cyclops use this power to rebuild a target's tattered soul, at the expense of their own mental fortitude.
The Salubri draws the subject's soul out of his body, and into the vampire's third eye. There, the vampire repairs the soul. During this time, the target's body is vacant, but alive. It obeys the Salubri's commands (and the vampire must command it to eat and drink, or else it will starve — repairing the soul is not a quick undertaking).
By a similar process, the character can cleanse a person, place, or object of demonic or evil influence. This isn't a simple banishment, however. It is a battle, pitting the Salubri's moral and spiritual purity against whatever malign entity is present. If the Salubri loses the contest, she might lose her own soul in the process.
System: This power may be used to draw out the soul of any character except those with Humanity or Path ratings of 1 or 0 or those who follow particularly inhuman Paths of Enlightenment – some souls are beyond redemption. The player rolls Stamina + Empathy (difficulty of 12 minus the subject's Humanity or Path rating). A botch gives the Salubri the subject's derangement for the remainder of the scene. The Salubri must make eye contact with the subject and the subject must be willing to be subjected to this power.
A soul drawn out in this manner becomes part of the Salubri's soul while the healing process takes place. She may return it to its proper body at any time. While the soul is within the Salubri, she may spend a permanent Willpower point to restore a point to the subject's Humanity or Path rating. The Salubri may restore a maximum number of points equal to her Empathy rating, and may not raise the subject's Humanity or Path higher than the sum of his relevant Virtues (for example, a character subscribing to Humanity with Conscience 3 and Self-Control 3 could not have his Humanity raised above 6 in this manner).
While a soul is being held by the Salubri, its body is an empty husk, comatose or in torpor, with no motivating force within it. A soul whose body is killed immediately vanishes, its disposition unknown to any (although the Salubri strongly suspect that souls that vanish in this manner are completely and irreversibly destroyed). Killing the body of a drawn-out soul may warrant a Conscience or Conviction roll if the killer knows of the soul's absence, at the Storyteller's discretion. If used to draw out a demon, the player spends a Willpower point if the subject is willing and the corrupting agent does not resist (a rare occurrence). If the subject is possessed by a conscious entity, the demon (or other foreign consciousness) fights the Salubri for dominance. This takes place via an extended, contested roll of the Salubri's Humanity or Path versus the opponent's Willpower (each party's difficulty is equal to the other's current Willpower). The winner is the first one to achieve three net successes more than the other. If the player fails, the attempt at purification also fails. If the player botches, the demon takes over the Salubri's body. This purification cannot be used on oneself and has no effect on the Beast or an alternate personality.
Once the initial removal has been successfully performed, the player spends a second Willpower point. The Salubri thrusts the demon into a nearby item, animal, or person, trapping the demon in the selected vessel. This must be accomplished within two turns of the Purification and the target must be within physical reach. If this cannot be accomplished, the demon is likely to go free… or find another suitable vessel (such as the Salubri). If the vampire places the demon in a being who is likely to suffer from its presence, the player must make an immediate Conscience or Conviction roll (difficulty 8) if the Storyteller believes that the character's morality would object. A botch, in addition to the normal consequences, releases the demon into the world.
••••• •• Renewed VigorEdit
At this level of power, the Salubri no longer has to repair a target's body wound by wound. With a touch and a moment's concentration, she can restore the body to full health.
System: The Salubri touches the target and spends a full turn concentrating. The player spends a point of Willpower. At the end of the turn, the target is healed of all damage, including aggravated damage. If the character attempts any other action but the laying of hands during this turn, the Willpower point is lost and no healing occurs. The Salubri can use this power on herself.
••••• ••• Safe PassageEdit
The Salubri radiates a non-threatening aura, altering the minds of those around her to seem safe, pleasant, and harmless. Crowds unconsciously part for her, pursuers lose interest, and passers-by are willing to provide assistance. In the event that someone does attempt to do her harm, the rest of the crowd may even protect her.
System: This power is always activate, though the Salubri can turn it off if she so desires. While Safe Passage is active, anyone in a crowd (defined as more than 10 people in close proximity) who wants to harm the Salubri must engage in a contested Willpower roll with the vampire's player (difficulty 6). If the pursuer wins, he may do as he wishes. If the vampire wins, her net successes act as a dice pool penalty on any hostile action the pursuer chooses to take. This manifests as lost interest in the vampire (the pursuers wonders why he is chasing this person rather than doing something more interesting).
Safe Passage can also assist a Salubri in finding help or shelter. The player rolls Charisma + Expression difficulty 7). Each success reduces the difficulty of a subsequent, appropriate Social roll by one. This affects only attempts to gain seemingly harmless or innocent assistance, such as a place to stay or advice on the bad parts of town — a Salubri won't be able to get automatic weapons or low-grade heroin more easily with this power. The effects of this power last until the next sunrise. Safe Passage affects only those who know the Salubri casually or not at all. Anyone who has known her long enough to form an opinion of her cannot be touched by this power.
••••• •••• Unburden the Flesh-Clad SoulEdit
Some few Salubri elders can (or could, at least) achieve an understanding of the soul that allowed them to free it from its fleshly confines. The character allows a willing subject's soul to fly free, able to explore the world as an astral projection and transcend that existence whenever it wishes.
System: The vampire and a willing subject must both enter a deep meditative trance for a minimum of one uninterrupted hour as the Salubri performs the ritual necessary to separate soul from flesh without damaging either. During this period, the player spends a number of blood points equal to twice the permanent Willpower of the subject. At the end of the ritual, the subject's body slips into a coma and dies by the end of the night. Many Tremere and other cautious Kindred warn that the Salubri may misrepresent themselves and convince others to volunteer for a "release" from mortal concerns, when in truth they wish to trap the soul in another plane of existence.
The subject's soul is released from her body and enters the astral plane (such as the Auspex power Psychic Projection on p. 138). This separation is permanent and irreversible. The subject is treated as an astrallyprojecting character in terms of rules mechanics. However, she no longer has a silver cord and no longer needs one, as she exists independently of her body. If she is reduced to zero Willpower through astral combat, she loses one point of permanent Willpower and re-forms after a year and a day at the place where this power was used upon her. A character reduced to zero permanent Willpower is destroyed forever. This power may only be used upon mortals (excluding mages) and vampires who are in Golconda, and the subject must have a full understanding of what this ritual entails — including its permanence and the impossibility of a reversal. The body of a vampire who is Unbound decays at sunrise. It is possible to drink the blood remaining in the vampire's body, but no benefits are gained from an attempt at diablerie. Any attempt to Embrace the body of an Unbound mortal automatically fails. The free-flying soul may choose to dissipate, moving on to whatever awaits beyond death, at any time (and is therefore not a ghost). The Salubri may use this power on herself, provided she is in Golconda.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jan 26, 2010
|Filing date
|Aug 2, 2007
|Priority date
|Aug 27, 2004
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Howard Cam Luong, Lai Kan Leung
|Original Assignee
|The Hong Kong University of Sciences and Technology
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (13), Non-Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (1), Classifications (11), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/927,785, filed Aug. 27, 2004, entitled "Integrated Variable Inductor," the entirety of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates generally to variable inductors and, more particularly, to an integrated variable inductor using an on-chip transformer and a variable capacitor.
Frequency tuning mechanisms are required in a wide range of different applications. For example they are required in wireless transceivers for the down conversion of signals at different frequencies, for multiple-band applications and for wide band applications. An ideal frequency tuning circuit will have a wide tuning range, be power efficient and have a high operating frequency.
Conventionally a tuning circuit includes an LC tank, and a conventional method of providing control of the tuning frequency is by using a variable capacitance such as a varactor to vary the value of C in the LC tank. Several classes of varactors, such as junction diodes and MOS capacitors, are commonly found. However, this arrangement has the disadvantage that there is a limited frequency range (about 10% only) owing to the limited capacitance ratio of the varactor. Also, because the power consumption of the LC tank is high, it is more power efficient to minimize the capacitance of the tank and to adjust the inductance for frequency variation. As a result, it is highly desirable to be able to implement integrated variable inductors.
Currently, several techniques are available for providing a variable inductance. These include active inductors and switched resonators. A typical design for an active inductor is the gyrator-C architecture, which employs a gyrator and an integrating capacitor. A gyrator consists of two transconductors connected in a feedback configuration, as shown in
Because only a few active devices are used in this type of inductor, the chip area occupied is usually very small. Tunability is another advantage of this type of active inductor. As shown in the above equation, by changing the bias and, therefore, the transconductance of the transistors, the inductance of the active inductor can be varied.
However, the power consumption and noise contribution of the active devices used in these inductors are generally too high to be practical, and the dynamic range is quite limited. Most important of all, active inductors are generally not suitable for high frequency operation. At high frequencies, the performance of the active inductor is degraded by the phase errors induced by parasitics.
Recently, switched resonators using multiple inductors have been introduced. A switched resonator typically comprises two spiral inductors and a switching transistor, either connected in parallel or in series with the inductors as shown in
A switched resonator can be used for coarse tuning and another varactor can be used for fine tuning. The tuning range of the resonator can therefore be significantly improved. However, the turn-on resistance of the switching transistor has a great impact on the quality factor of the resonator. It is necessary to increase the size of the transistor in order to reduce the effect of the turn-on resistance on the quality factor. Since the operating frequency of the resonator depends on the equivalent inductance and the capacitance between drain and ground of the switching transistor, the drain capacitance of the switch significantly reduces the operating frequency of the resonator. Thus, this type of switched resonator is not suitable for applications with low noise, low power, and high frequency.
It is also possible to frequency tune some types of resonators by mechanically changing a property of these resonators. However, this is not feasible if the resonator is to be integrated on chip.
Thus, it is desirable to provide a variable inductance that is suitable for high frequency circuits and has reduced power consumption and reduced noise degradation.
According to the present invention there is provided a variable inductor comprising a transformer having primary and secondary coils, wherein a variable capacitance is provided in parallel with said secondary coil. By changing the capacitance at the secondary coil of a transformer, the equivalent inductance looking into the primary coil of the transformer can be adjusted.
In exemplary embodiments of the invention, the variable capacitance may be provided by a varactor or a switched capacitor array, for example.
In another aspect of the present invention, a capacitance is also provided in parallel with the primary coil. With another capacitor in parallel to the primary coil, two different modes of resonance inherently exist, and a very wide frequency tuning range can be achieved by combining the two modes. This capacitance may be a fixed capacitor or simply parasitic capacitance of the primary coil in various embodiments of the invention. In another embodiment, the capacitance in parallel with the primary coil is a variable capacitance.
In another aspect of the invention, the primary and secondary coils may be coupled together by a mutual inductance.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention, a voltage controlled oscillator includes a variable inductor comprising a transformer having primary and secondary coils, wherein a variable capacitance is provided in parallel to said secondary coil.
Some embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Moreover, for an inductor with a series resistance of rs, the parallel resistance of the inductor is
For an oscillator, in order to start up oscillation, the following condition has to be fulfilled,
Assuming that the quality factor of the inductor remains almost the same for different frequencies, when L increases, Gm decreases and the power consumption can be reduced.
Conventionally, frequency tuning is achieved by changing the capacitance of a tank using varactor. However, as mentioned before, it is more power efficient to minimize the capacitance of the tank and adjust the inductance for frequency variation. Therefore, the need for a variable inductor arises.
With this embodiment of the invention there are two modes of frequency tuning: frequency tuning in a single mode, and frequency tuning by mode-switching. Together with its own parasitic capacitance, the primary coil will resonate at different frequencies, which are determined by the value of the capacitance at the secondary coil. By connecting another varactor at the primary coil, the frequency tuning range can be further extended to be much larger than that can be achieved with existing solutions with variable capacitors.
It has also been shown by theory, simulation, and experiments that there exist two different resonant modes associated with the proposed variable inductor. The tuning range of the invention can be greatly increased by combining two modes. Since the variable inductor of the preferred embodiments only comprises passive components, no power consumption is required which is highly advantageous.
In order to explain the two resonant frequencies and the mode-switching property of the transformer intuitively, the π model can be used as shown in
The two LC tanks with two different resonant frequencies shown in
Hence, it can be concluded that two resonant frequencies are inherent in a transformer.
The ideal case is considered first. Lumped components without resistive loss are used for the analysis here. A T-model, as shown in
Five properties of the variable inductor can be derived from the above equation:
1. When ω→0 or C2→0, Leff=L1
2. When ω→∞ or C2→∞, Leff=L1(1−k2)
3. When ω=ω2, Leff→∞
4. When ω→ω2 +, Leff>0
5. When ω→ω2 −, Leff<0
Leff will reach the largest value when
In practice, the largest value of Leff cannot be infinite because there is loss component in the variable inductor, which is not included here, but will be revisited in the later analysis.
Thus, it can be concluded that the input impedance of an embodiment of the present invention is inductive and can be represented by the above equation. By changing the value of C2, the values of the equivalent inductance can be adjusted accordingly. C2 can either be a varactor or a switched capacitor array.
If the variable inductor is connected to a capacitor in parallel, as shown in
Since (L1C1−L2C2)2+4k2L1L2C1C2>0, there are always two resonant frequencies.
Similarly, the equivalent inductance in the resonator can be derived as shown below,
Since (L1C1−L2C2)2+4k2L1L2C1C2>0, there are two values of Leff, which correspond to the two resonant frequencies derived previously.
Lumped components with resistive loss are used for the further analysis. A T-model, as shown in
The following equation can then be derived from
It is easier to solve the above equations using a graphical method. As an example, different curves of variable inductance against frequency with different values of C2, represented by equation (5) are shown in
The corresponding Z11 of the resonator with the same variable inductor and the same value of C1 is also plotted (1402). This is aligned with
By referring to
As mentioned before, this phenomenon can be explained intuitively by
In an oscillator, a resonant tank should be combined with an active circuit, which is used to cancel the resistive loss of the resonant tank. By combining with the active circuit, oscillation will start at the frequency with the higher quality factor, which requires less energy to start oscillation. By making use of the two inherent resonant frequencies in embodiments of the present invention, the oscillator can switch from one mode of oscillation to another. This can be achieved by changing the values of C2 in the current invention, which adjusts the resonant frequency, as well as, the maximum values of the impedance in each mode. When C2 increases beyond a particular value, there is a swap in the maximum value of the impedance. This is illustrated in
An embodiment of the present invention may be compared with a simple LC tank. In a first comparison, both an embodiment of the current invention and a simple inductor are connected with a 1 p-10 pF capacitor and the value of the inductance, L1, in the embodiment of the invention is the same as the inductance in the simple LC tank. The maximum resonant frequency of the simple LC tank is 5.6 GHz, whereas the maximum resonant frequency of the tank with the variable inductor according to an embodiment of the invention is around 19 GHz. Next, the capacitor in the simple LC tank is reduced by four times to attain a similar resonant frequency to the resonator comprised of the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that, although the simple LC tank can achieve resonant frequency close to that formed by an embodiment of the present invention, the magnitude of the simple resonant tank is still only 70% of the tank with the variable inductor. The increase in the magnitude is due to coupling of the coils in transformer. Since the present invention consists of coupled resonators, the invented variable inductor has a quality factor being 1+k times larger than that of a simple LC tank. At 11.2 GHz, the Q of the tank with the variable inductor is 11.4, whereas the Q of the tank with the simple LC tank is only 7.4, which is only 65% of the variable inductor. Besides the increase in the magnitude, the resonator according to an embodiment of the invention also has two modes of resonance, compared to the single mode of resonance in the simple LC tank.
An example of a voltage-controlled oscillator is designed using an embodiment of the present invention is shown in
The simulation results are shown in
Summary of the simulation results and
the comparison with simple LC tank
Simple LC
Simple LC
tank w/same
tank w/large
TSMC 0.18 μm
Supply voltage/V
Tuning range
Phase nosie/dBc@10 MHz
The tuning range of this design is much larger compared to that achievable with existing state-of-the-art designs, which is usually limited to less than 20%. In order to achieve such a wide tuning range, only a ring oscillator can be used, but it has much inferior performance in terms of frequency, phase noise, and power consumption.
Comparison with VCOs using simple LC tanks is also implemented in simulation. The performance of the VCOs is shown in
Three testing setups were designed to demonstrate the characteristics of embodiments of the invention. They are:
The purpose of the first testing setup, as shown in
In this setup, a pair of coupled microstrip lines and shunt capacitors are used to synthesize two coupled resonators with two different resonant frequencies. The two microstrip lines are shorted to ground. A terminal of one of the microstrip lines is soldered to a SMA connector for connection with testing equipments.
A network analyzer, 8720ES, is used to measure the S-parameters of the embodiment of the invention when the capacitor is changed from 0.47 pF to 1.5 pF. S11 is then converted to Z11. The plot of the measured Z11 and the corresponding plot of the equivalent inductance against frequency with different values of C2 (2202, 2206; and 2204, 2208 respectively) are shown in
The purpose of the second testing setup, shown in
A network analyzer, 8720ES, is used to measure the S-parameters of the invention when the capacitor is changed from 0.47 pF to 3.3 pF. S11 is then converted to Z11. The Smith chart of the measured S11 and the corresponding plot of the equivalent inductance against frequency with different values of off-chip capacitor (2402, 2502; 2404, 2504; 2406, 2506; and 2408, 2508 respectively) are shown in
It is important to notice that the self-resonant frequency of surface-mount capacitor is around 6 GHz. The performance of the embodiment of the invention using this setup is, therefore, limited to frequency around 6 GHz. In the measurement results, the data points at frequency larger than 6 GHz is not reliable. Yet, the data points below 6 GHz already demonstrate the change of inductance with the off-chip capacitors.
The third experiment is done through a VCO utilizing the present invention, which is fabricated using TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The resonator of the VCO composes of an on-chip 4-port transformer and on-chip switched capacitor array. By switching the SCA, the output frequency of the VCO can be adjusted. Its schematic is similar to the one shown in
Summary of the performance of the fabricated VCO
Output power/
It will thus be seen that in preferred embodiments of the invention, together with its own parasitic capacitance the primary coil will resonate at different frequencies which are determined by the value of the capacitance at the secondary coil. By connecting another varactor at the primary coil, the frequency tuning range can be further extended to be much larger than that can be achieved with existing solutions with variable capacitors. It has also been shown by theory, simulation, and experiments that there exist two different resonant modes associated with the proposed variable inductor. The tuning range of the invention can be greatly increased by combining the two modes. Since embodiments of the invention are only composed of passive components, power consumption is low.
Resonators with very wide tuning range can then be implemented with embodiments of the invention and used in different applications. As an example, conventional LC oscillators have limited frequency tuning range and limited performance in phase noise and power consumption, in particular at high frequencies and low supply voltage, mainly because of the varactor requirement. With the proposed variable inductor, the capacitor can be fixed and be small so that all the parameters including frequency tuning range, phase noise, and power consumption, can be greatly improved. The invention has been applied to a VCO to achieve wide frequency tuning range and high performance that are not achievable with existing technologies.
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|Office Action, mailed Feb. 21, 2007, for U.S. Appl. No. 10/927,785.
|Office Action, mailed Nov. 9, 2005, for U.S. Appl. No. 10/927,785.
|Straayer et al., "A Low-Noise Transformer-Based 1.7GHz CMOS VCO" Feb. 6, 2002, ISSCC 2002/Session 17/Advanced RF Techniques, 17.1.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 9, 2009
|Nov 26, 2009
|Ralink Technology Corporation
|Resonator circuit and voltage-controlled oscillator using the same
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 15, 2010
|Certificate of correction
|Mar 18, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jun 23, 2017
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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|I LOOOOVE the difference in length from front to back on this one.
Wednesday, November 25, 2015
Whats Hap-Pinning!? Hair Edition
8 comments:
I had long hair forever...I got engaged last year and was like Okay I'm not going to cut my hair because I want to have a great epic hair do for my wedding...Alas after the wedding I knew I had to cut it. I went for a just to the shoulders type bob like the first pin. I don't regret it one bit. My hair feels healthy and managable! But a word of advice - If you always put your hair in a ponytail or a specific hair up-do - make sure you have at least enough length to do it! =) Good luck!ReplyDelete
I hope you have a wonderful Thanksgiving! Melanie | Blog: Toots + DillReplies
I think I could definitely do like a longish lob? I know I totally just doubled up the long part haha but I don't want anything too short. Part of my problem is I feel like I always throw my hair up anyways because it just takes too long to style..so I think something shorter would take less time to style but I could also throw it up too!? Thank for sharing-so glad to hear you love it! I think I'm gonna do the big chop!Delete
I cut my hair into a 'lob' last year after having long hair like you for my entire life. I did like it, got lots of compliments, and way easier to style! Also harder for little hair obsessed fingers to grab ;-) with that being said...totally growing it back out. Long hair girl for life over here!!ReplyDeleteReplies
oh nooooo! I was almost convinced to cut mine..I made an appointment and everything but now I'm scared! ah!Delete
You really do have gorgeous hair! Mine is just now getting to the length again where I can do a lot with it, which is the main benefit of having long hair. I do think all of those cuts are very pretty, though. Maybe you could meet in the middle and only cut off 3 inches or so. Happy Thanksgiving to you and your family!ReplyDeleteReplies
This is seriously such a hard dilemma. I have gone this route before too and been at the hair dressers and been like ok cut it! NO WAIT DON'T! haha then I never cut it :(Delete
Lovely! Hope ya'll have a fabulous Thanksgiving! Thanks for linking up today! xoReplyDeleteReplies
Happy Thanksgiving to you and yours also! :)Delete
Thanks for stopping by! I love hearing from you and will respond to all your comments via email ASAP! xox


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Back Tax Returns & Currently Not Collectible Status
Posted on 25. Apr, 2012 by admin in Back Tax Returns, Filing back tax returns, Help Filing Back Taxes
Once you file your back tax returns, you may have a difficult time paying the IRS. There may be a solution. The IRS may designate a taxpayer as Currently Not Collectable (CNC) when the taxpayer is unable to qualify for an offer in compromise or cannot afford to make payments in an Installment Agreement because of inability to pay.
Being Currently Not Collectable does not mean that the taxpayer is relieved of the tax liability. Penalties and interest will continue to accrue and the statute of limitations continues to run, however the IRS will pause collection actions. If the IRS determines that a taxpayer's financial situation has improved, the CNC status will be removed from the taxpayer and the IRS will begin actively collecting the owed taxes. A tax attorney or professional tax relief specialist can help taxpayers assess if filing a request for CNC status is the best alternative to avoid financial hardship. But get the back tax returns filed first.
If a taxpayer is experiencing financial shortfalls and their income is below the IRS determined allowable expenses, CNC status may be a good option. Especially if it does not appear that the financial situation will improve. CNC may also help in cases where a taxpayer may have high equity in assets and therefore does not qualify for an offer in compromise; or the allowable expenses exceed the taxpayer's income making the Installment Agreement not possible. If the statute of limitations is close to expiring and the taxpayer has more allowable expenses than income, a CNC may also be warranted. The statute of limitations may expire while the taxpayer is in CNC status.
It is important to remember that Currently Not Collectable status is designated for taxpayers in dire financial situations and simply cannot afford to pay the liability. It can buy some time for the delinquent taxpayer to recover financially and can relieve some of the stress of aggressive IRS collections. Once the IRS determines that the taxpayer can afford to pay the taxes, the collection hold will be lifted and collection will resume. Filing back tax returns may not be so tough after all.
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"Safeguarding freedom of religion or belief is "a top human rights priority" for the British Government, Foreign Office Minister Baroness Anelay of St Johns said.
She was in the Vatican on Wednesday to mark the centenary of the re-establishment of diplomatic relations between the United Kingdom and the Holy See."
See story at http://www.thetablet.co.uk/news/1477/0/freedom-of-religion-a-top-human-rights-priority-for-uk-government-says-foreign-office-minister-


text:
LONDON -- Tiger Woods has dropped to eighth in the world golf rankings after being overtaken by Paul Casey of England.
Casey moved up to seventh in the rankings released Monday despite missing the cut last week at the Wells Fargo Championship.
Woods skipped the event because of knee and Achilles' tendon injuries.
Fourth-ranked Phil Mickelson of the United States is now the only non-European player in the top seven.
Woods is returning to competition at The Players Championship on Thursday.
His coach, Sean Foley, says he has been walking in a protective boot.
Information from The Associated Press was used in this report.


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Sho's Picks
My first thought when buying someone a gift is that I want whatever I give to have long-lasting value. While most of these gifts are geared toward people with specific interests, they're all very high-quality and will last, or remain edifying, for a very, very long time.
Ruhlman and Polcyn do a great job of demystifying one of the more abstruse cooking arts, and, while charcuterie may seem daunting, it can be gratifyingly easy. Start simple, with the pancetta, confit, rillettes, and duck prosciutto, and you'll find yourself with a mold-inoculated curing chamber in no time. — Sho
Insightful (and very well-written) memoir by the elder statesman of food and cooking in the United States. From his early memories of picking salad for his mother to his recollection of eating raw clams on a Connecticut pier, the book shows how food is not just a passion or a career; food, for Jacques Pépin, is life. — Sho
Functional, but with an elegant twist: The width of the forks and spoons is just slightly smaller than that of your standard set, and they feel slightly longer in the hand. This set is a good and long-lasting upgrade to those starter Ikea sets. — Sho
A hefty weight and a narrow head design make this an extremely efficient fish scaler. I've used it on smallish porgies, bigger black sea bass and fluke, and just about everything in between. It's a significant improvement over the clamshell I used to use, and something about its design reduces the spray of scales. — Sho


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The abandoned buildings were a surprise. An old portal on the park trail led to an army-green ghost encampment nestled below the landscape. Known as Battery Spencer, this military fortification begun in 1893 once housed three M1888 12" guns and an assortment of ammunition. Some guns and ammo were moved during WWI to aid in that effort. Then came WWII and the rest were scrapped in support of another war. [1]
On the shaded side, a row of doorless openings revealed old-fashioned fireplaces made of concrete with a bit of unexpected ornamentation. I continued through the compound at a faster clip than I would have liked, so much to explore. The low-lying sojourn had offered welcome protection from the strong gusts of wind that had buffeted me on the trail. Down the strange boulevard and up the steps at the end to this...
Built before the construction of the Golden Gate Bridge, the old battery at the mouth of the harbor is now part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area in the Marin headlands. In 1993, I had encountered Battery Townsley, a WWII addition approximately three miles farther along the coast. Armed only with snacks and a paperback, I walked through a tunnel, into the the rifle emplacement, and beyond to an incredible view of Pacific. That battery is part of Fort Cronkhite, which is "one of the few preserved examples of WWII 'mobilization posts' remaining in the country. The fort's barracks, mess halls, supply buildings, and other structures are preserved to tell the story of soldiers who waited here for an enemy that never came." [2]
While the perfect setting for my picnic, a scenic Sunday afternoon stroll wasn't what the builders had in mind for Battery Townsley "which mounted two 16-inch caliber guns, each capable of shooting a 2,100 pound, armor-piercing projectile 25 miles out to sea. [The battery] was a high security operation...a design that had never actually fired before. By the summer of 1940, Battery Townsley was ready for testing with live ammunition."[2]
And test they did. Here's the rest of the story: "The army estimated that the projectile's farthest range would be 30 miles out to sea, about 5 miles beyond the Farallon Islands. Waiting for a non-foggy day in July took some patience, but finally, the fog cleared and the test shot was fired. As the whole mountain shook with the power of this incredible machine, the projectile went even farther than anticipated." [2]
The headlands are riddled with old military fortifications. The history of defending the San Francisco Bay actually goes back well before the Civil War. The oldest location still remaining in the city - La Batteria San Jose, which boasted five iron cannons - was armed in 1797. A second wave of fortifications was begun in 1853, and San Francisco's famous Fort Point, which featured mounts for 126 cannons, was armed in 1861. Indeed, a pamphlet entitled "Seacoast Fortifications of the Golden Gate" lists seven distinct eras of coastal defenses, starting with the Spanish-Mexican era and going all the way through the Cold War. Without a doubt, though, the biggest remaining collection of batteries and other positions are from the Endicott period - which began around 1895 - and the WWI and WWII periods. There was...an unbroken line from the Civil War era facilities to the Nike Missile sites of the Cold War era. During the Cold War, radar and anti-aircraft missile sites replaced the old gun emplacements. Now open to the public, the SF-88 Nike Missile silo is a national historic site, the only preserved silo of some 280 built between 1953 and 1979. [2]
If you come the bay, this dramatic landscape is a "must see". Please exercise caution in the powerful gusts on trails that totter dangerously close to the edge in places. But while you sit on a bench (thank you, National Parks Service) and contemplate some of the most incredible scenery in the world, say thanks that an enemy never came.
All over the world, countries are ramped up for war. Bill's words from a conversation about the Middle East: "To create an equality, the weaker nation turns to weapons. The ensuing spiral is madness. Some nation, some group, needs to think though this situation from a detached viewpoint."
Who would that be? What nation? Is there a de-politicized statesman's voice to be heard? I pray that today's military sites will someday be visited as unused relics. That children will play and adults relax over picnic lunches. A sentimental hope, perhaps, in an era of sophisticated, long-range weaponry, wildly escalating fears, and chauvinistic stands. Can we, though, afford cynicism? Because the dilemma we all face is not a shot heard around the globe but a conflagration that could destroy this good earth. From that wise Anonymous: "The only problem with burning your bridges behind you is that the world is round."
I quoted a young woman in a recent post who said that the opposite of love is laziness. While true, I believe the more inclusive statement is this: the opposite of love is fear. To move beyond a climate poisoned by this toxic emotion, however, hard work is required of us all.
To my fellow hiker: thank you, Kelle Foxx...come back to see us!
[1] http://atlasobscura.com/place/ab-marin-headlands-nike-missile-site-batteries-and-bunkers
[2] http://www.nps.gov/goga/historyculture/battery-townsley.htm


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Item description for Nonlinear Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems (Universitext) by Ferdinand Verhulst..."A good book for a nice price!" (Monatshefte fAr Mathematik)"... for lecture courses that cover the classical theory of nonlinear differential equations associated with PoincarAc and Lyapunov and introduce the student to the ideas of bifurcation theory and chaos this is an ideal text ..." (Mathematika)"The pedagogical style is excellent, consisting typically of an insightful overview followed by theorems, illustrative examples and exercises." (Choice)
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Sicut Sleepers, developed by Rutgers University and exclusively licensed to Sicut, are front page news in the latest edition of the PWI Journal. An in-depth technical overview written by Rutgers Read The Full Article
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Buy Item $14.99
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In StockStock No: WW122476
Christian Brands / Stratford Chapel / Other, N/A
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The Reversible Pulpit Bookmark in Blue and White alternates from a rich Advent blue to Easter white. Celebrate the most important Christian events with beautifully embroidered parament pieces. The pulpit bookmark is sewn from 100% smooth weave polyester with clean-finish seams and reinforced embroidered stitching. The Advent blue side features a gold cross with three lit purple candles and one lit pink candle. The Easter white side contains "Alleluia" embroidered in metallic gold. Matching stole, pulpit scarf and table runner are also available. Measures 32" x 4.5"
|Format: Other, N/A
Vendor: Christian Brands / Stratford Chapel


text:
KPW (North Korean Won)
Source: Investopedia
This Article has been Edited for Accessibility
This Article has been Edited for Accessibility
KPW (North Korean Won)
What is 'KPW'
The currency symbol or currency abbreviation for the North Korean won (KPW), the currency for North Korea. The won is divided into 100 chon and is often presented with the symbol (W). The word "won" is a hybrid of the Chinese word "yuan" and Japanese "yen".
Explaining 'KPW'
The won was first seen in 1947, replacing the previous Korean yen. It underwent a 100-to-1 revaluation in 1959. The North Korean government abandoned the set exchange rate with the U.S. dollar in 2001, and the real exchange rate has dropped precipitously since then.
Additional Resources
- North Korea: Introduction >> Globaledge: Your Source For Global ... [globaledge.msu.edu]
- Korea, North [globaledge.msu.edu]
- North Korea's Complicated Relationship With China: Penn Wharton ... [publicpolicy.wharton.upenn.edu]
- Scenarios For A Transition To A Prosperous Market Economy In North ... [eml.berkeley.edu]
- Special: North Korea [www2.law.columbia.edu]
- Cia [www2.uvawise.edu]


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Looks like Park Place Apartments is no longer available on Rent.com which means this information is likely out of date.
Contact for details
Great Downtown Location...All Utilities Included...Locked Entry...
135 South Hancock offers a great downtown location near the capital and the lake. There is a laundry facility on-site, extra storage, and all utilities are included! 135 South Hancock is located right on a bus line for easy commuting.
Lease Terms: Some flexibility. Security Deposits: Equivalent to half months rent (full month w/pet). Pet Policy: No dogs. 2 cats maximum. Cats must by current with vaccinations, and spayed/neutered.
Cats Accepted. Call for service animal policy.
25 units
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If you were a country, what country would you be?
Given a choice between R & B, which would you choose?
Without the pinky toe, would the human race survive?
As the chairman of the US Treasury, how do you know when you've sold out?
Is there documented proof of when the 'Roll' was forever parted from Rock?
Whose dogs are these, and why aren't they properly secured?
Has an election taken place between an incumbent career-politician and a Hollywood celebrity where the celebrity has not taken office as a result?
When will the British learn to pronounce h's at the beginning of words?
Are we there yet?
If a deaf man falls down in the tropical rainforest, and nobody's around, does the Salvation Army get tax exempt status for another year?
Would you like fries with that?
If today is yesterday's tomorrow, and tomorrow is yesterday's never, when can you loan me $100,000?
Can you tell me how to get to Sesame Street?
What if Congress passed an amendment to the Constitution that made it impossible to amend the Constitution?
If we have corned beef, why can't we have beefed corn?


text:
This Series of posts covers the essential Editorial from prominent newspapers. The Editorial from the newspapers are compiled by the Subject Teachers form the Academy and provided in notes format so that the aspirants does not waste their precious time in sifting through the newspapers.
Passing of the HIV and AIDS (Prevention and Control) Bill
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T43 $2 1862 PF-1 Cr. 338.. ...Click the image to load the highest resolution version.
DescriptionT43 $2 1862 PF-1 Cr. 338.
A decent mid-grade example of this much scarcer Confederate type that has nice color and signatures. Fine, with the usual handful of pinholes seen at this grade level.
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Is almond flour ground almonds?(6 Posts)
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ERISA requires plans to provide participants with plan information including important information about plan features and funding; provides fiduciary responsibilities for those who manage and control plan assets; requires plans to establish a grievance and appeals process for participants to get benefits from their plans; and gives participants the right to sue for benefits and breaches of fiduciary duty. Attorneys may represent employees or they may represent the company in the design, preparation, and review of plan, trust, and employee communication documents to implement pension, profit sharing, employee stock ownership, fringe benefit, flexible benefit, and all types of employee welfare plans.
Midlothian is an unincorporated community in Chesterfield County, Virginia, United States. Founded over 300 years ago as a coal mining village, it is now an outlying suburban community located well beyond the city limits in the Southside area of Richmond in the Richmond-Petersburg region. It was named for the early 18th century coal mining enterprises of the Wooldridge brothers who came from mining villages in East Lothian and West Lothian near Edinburgh, Scotland. In a compromise, the new venture was called Mid-Lothian. It produced the first commercially mined coal in the Virginia Colony and in what became the United States. By 1700, several mines were in development by French Huguenots and others. Shipment of coal began in the 1730s. Midlothian-area coal heated the U.S. White House for President Thomas Jefferson. Related transportation needs and innovations resulted in construction of an early toll road, the Manchester Turnpike in 1807 and the Chesterfield Railroad, the state's first in 1831, each to travel the 13 miles to the port of Manchester, just below the fall line of the James River. (Manchester, the original county seat of Chesterfield County, became an independent city and merged with Richmond in 1910). Near the mines, Coalfield Station was built in the early 1850s on the Richmond and Danville Railroad. The small village of shops, churches, and schools established nearby came to be called Midlothian. In the 1920s, Midlothian's commercial village area along the Old Buckingham Road was sited on the new east-west U.S. Route 60. A few decades later, communities grew up near Midlothian, including the large Salisbury community, named for the colonial-era home of Thomas Mann Randolph and later Virginia Governor Patrick Henry (1784-1786), and the massive Brandermill planned development sited on Swift Creek Reservoir. In the 21st century, widespread Midlothian extends many miles beyond the former village area.. It is located along the semi-circumferential limited access State Route 288 which links Interstate 64 with the State Route 76 toll road and Interstate 95 in the Richmond area's southwestern quadrant. Midlothian was ranked #37 in CNNMoney's list of "The Best Places to Live" in 2005 and #99 in 2008. Recognized by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP), the community had a total population of 35,427 as of the 2000 census. There are several wealthy individuals in Midlothian, so it is considered a hotbed by Virginia's investment firms. With the addition of the multi-million dollar Bon Secours Hospital, St. Francis, Midlothian now has a major hospital within five minutes of Midlothian's highest concentration of residents, the planned community of Brandermill.
Employee Benefits And Erisa Law Lawyers In Midlothian Virginia


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Located just northwest of Crestview with 190,000 acres, Blackwater Forest is the largest state forest in Florida. Named after the Blackwater River that runs through it, this state park is known for its beautiful waterways. The river's sand bottom, dark tannin waters and contrasting white sandbars have drawn worldwide attention and provide a perfect setting for an afternoon out with your family.
The river and its surrounding forest provides excellent bird-watching as well as uncommon plants and animals like white tail deer, turkeys and bobcats. The terrain, plant communities and wildlife are highlighted along the park's two nature trails. Guided tours and campfire programs are offered seasonally. Visitors will enjoy swimming, picnicking, hiking, hunting, fishing and camping throughout the forest. In addition to the nature areas, there are man-made lakes, hiking trails, camping facilities and many other recreational opportunities for families and groups.
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Monday, May 1, 2017
17 comments:
Mona, I am so happy to see you blogging again. I have missed you. I did not know about sweet little Mele, but it seems as if Buddy is keeping you occupied. I never heard of a dog jumping like that. But my sister has had only cocker spaniels so I don't really know a lot about dogs.ReplyDelete
Your little great-grand is adorable. So sweet in her little tutu.
Have a good day! Sending you lots of love.
Oh Mona, I am so glad to see you blogging again - I have missed you dear friend.ReplyDelete
First, your Buddy is quite the little guy. He is so darn cute, I could just give him lots of hugs and kisses.
Your g granddaughter is so cute in her tutu - aren't kids great.
How is Howard? Hope he is fine and you too.
Enjoy your Buddy and have a wonderful week, sweet friend.
Awww, what cuties! Pup and great-grand! Sounds like Buddy is keeping you on your toes! So glad you're blogging again. A new pup makes life happier, that's for sure!ReplyDelete
Awww...you have a new pupster to keep you cheered up and moving! lol He sounds like he is part kangaroo! lolReplyDelete
Your little zoe is just darling. She is as cute as a bug! Enjoy that big family of yours all that you can! xo Diana
Oh my is Buddy adorable . . .ReplyDelete
How much does he weigh now . . ..
I am sure you know how happy I am that you have come back.
Even if it is only every once in awhile . . .
And then we get to see your beautiful great grand children too.
Such a beautiful family you have!
So wonderful to see you post again, Mona! I've missed you, as I'm sure many have.ReplyDelete
Buddy is darling but I know the chewing isn't. Hopefully he will mature or you will come up with something brilliant. :)
Your kids, grands and great grandchildren are beautiful! I now have 3 of my own and another on the way---all in 2 years! I feel very blessed, if not a bit tired sometimes! Ha!
Sending a hug,
Jane x
yay...another mona post! i was so happy to see this. omg...buddy is the cutest! so is little zoe! i can't wait to get a grandchild!ReplyDelete
she is so cute and just adorable in that tutu... Buddy is also adorable. I don't think it is a male thing, it is just the personality, we have had one male that chewed and 2 that did not and 1 female that chewed..ReplyDelete
Lots of preciousness in this post! Happy to hear from you my friend! Have a wonderful day! HUGS!ReplyDelete
Mona! Welcome back! It is ever so good to hear from you! Big hugs and we are SO happy for you to open your heart to your adorable Buddy! This has made my day!ReplyDelete
What a sweet little dog! I'm so glad you get to love him. His overshooting his couch jumps made me smile.ReplyDelete
Your little buddy is a cute dog. Your great granddaughter is just adorable. Glad to see you posting once again. Have a blessed day. MadelineReplyDelete
Hello Mona, it's always good to find another blog post from you. So sorry to learn about Mele, but your new little "Buddy" is sure to win your heart once he stops chewing everything in sight! Your granddaughter is very precious and sweet.ReplyDelete
I love your new little dog Mona. He's really cute, but I hope he soon settles down and stops chewing. I had a Yorkie terrier, male, called Dusty, but he never chewed anything! I suppose they are all different, aren't they.ReplyDelete
I am so glad to see that you are back blogging again! I thought aboutReplyDelete
you just yesterday when I was opening a bag of potting soil and jumped back as I remembered the bag of soil that you opened quite a while back that was "buggy". Luckily I didn't see any bugs in my bag. I had planned on checking your blog last night and forgot about it until just now.
Your little Buddy dog is a cute little guy. I have only ever had male dogs, but I think they probably act different than females. We still have our Fuzzy Pom. He had to have 9 teeth pulled a couple of months ago. He came through it all just fine, and is now even more active than before.
Your great grand daughter Zoe is so sweet in her little pink tutu.
It's so good that you are back. I'm looking forward to reading your posts again.
Susie D.
You have the most beautiful family members! The tutu is perfect. Glad you felt like posting.ReplyDelete
I'm so happy you have a new Little Buddy! And that grand in her tutu! Oh, my!ReplyDelete
I do so hope you will continue to drop a line or two and keep blogging. We all love to see how you're doing!


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Histogram can be drawn by using the ot. Ruby -e 'puts "hi! Bar ( array stacked True To get horizontal bar plots,) barh ( stacked True Histograms New in version.) undefined variable Evaluates as undefined Use the triple equality operator to test for this value. Evaluates as null raises NameError raises NameError conditional expression x 0? Block delimiters : and offside rule string do python end statement separator ; or newline newline not separator inside, use the barh method: In 20: df2. Plot. Plot. Or after binary operator newline sometimes not separator when following line would not parse as a valid statement ; statements must be semicolon terminated inside newline or ; newlines. Isset(v)) v is None v nil l? N python -c 'print hi!Read More
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text: Lose Morale is an ability that a card will cause the morale point of the owner's side to decrease by X. X varies between 1 to 3. As it acts on morale points and is effective at the instant of the card into play, it cannot be blocked in any ways, including statuses. The artifacts in reserve, if with lose morale, will not be triggered until a new hero or unit card comes into play and equip it, which the lose morale effect take place immediately. Lose Morale can be fatal to one side.


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How good are you at telling truth from fiction? At the next Library in the Lobby event at Patchogue Theatre for the Performing Arts, finding the hilarious truth can win you a prize.
(Mostly) True Things, taking place Wednesday night at 7 p.m. in the theatre's 71 E. Main St. location, will feature four storytellers that will each describe a story from the New York area. One storyteller will tell the complete truth, while the other three will be mixing a few lies into their tale.
Audience members will then get to question each of the storytellers, in a quest to seek out the one that hasn't turned their facts into fiction. After that, the audience will vote on who is telling the truth.
This high-energy show is for all ages, and is completely free to attend. However, seating is limited and reservations are strongly encouraged. To guarantee a seat, please call the Patchogue Theatre Box Office at 631-207-1313.
For a preview of the show, watch the YouTube video embedded above that shows off storytellers as they weave their tales.
And for more information on the (Mostly) True Things shows, click here for the production's website.


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Grainville is very proud to have two shortlisted students (Holly and Nicole) in the Child of the Year category as part of the 2017 Pride of Jersey Awards. The award is to reward those under the age of 16 who are an inspiration to others by … Continue Reading
Good luck to Year 11, Class of 2017
GCSE examination results will be available to Year 11 students (Class of 2017) from 10.00 a.m. to 12.00 noon on Thursday 24th August. We wish all Year 11 every success and look forward to seeing you all on results day, and again at the Year 12 … Continue Reading
Sportsday at FB fields
The annual sportsday took place at FB athletics track on Monday 10th July. Despite a few hitches with coaches getting students to FB fields, students in Years 7-10 managed to complete the vast majority of the scheduled races and long jump heats. … Continue Reading
Summer activities and Youth Clubs
Youth club opening times, entry fees and contact details Futher Details Youth Service Facebook … Continue Reading
To start at Grainville
Language Futures is a UK-based initiative to promote Modern Foreign Languages for students that genuinely have an interest in learning a new language. At Grainville students can study French, Spanish and Italian as part of their KS4 options. These … Continue Reading
Pastoral Leaders to be appointed at Grainville
Grainville School is pleased to announce agreement to appoint two Pastoral Leaders (Grade 9) to replace Heads of Year in Years 8-11. Unlike Heads of Year who teach for the majority of their day, the two Pastoral Leaders (KS3 for Y8 & Y7 and KS4 … Continue Reading


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HUNDREDS of women were in the pink at Gyllyngvase Beach on Sunday with as they united in their efforts to conquer cancer.
Women of all ages came together to take part in Cancer Research UK's Race for Life, which saw them walk or run five kilometres from Gyllyngvase car park, around Pendennis Point, and back to the start.
Ruth Chamings, Race for Life event manager for Falmouth, said: "I want to say a heartfelt 'thanks' to everyone who took part in Race for Life, and their supporters, as well as our heroic volunteers.
"It was a fantastic day, full of emotion, courage, tears and laughter as nearly 600 women joined forces to show cancer who's boss.
"Now I'm asking all the women who took part - and all the friends, family and colleagues who pledged to sponsor them - to transform their passion into progress by returning the money they've raised as soon as possible.
"Cancer Research UK doesn't receive any government funding for its ground-breaking work. So every single individual contribution matters. It enables our researchers to help more men, women and children in Cornwall survive this devastating disease.
"Many people don't realise that their entry fee only covers the cost of the event. It's the sponsorship money that really makes a difference. So, whatever the amount, we're asking everyone to make every effort to return their sponsorship money as soon as possible. It can be paid in online, by phone or by cheque."
She added: "We want to see people with every type of cancer, including those that are hard to treat, get the same chances of living a long life. The progress made over the last 40 years shows we are moving in the right direction.
"As advances accelerate, our researchers are already laying the foundations for new ways to prevent, diagnose and treat cancer. These include personalised medicine where patients will have treatment tailored to their cancer, immunotherapy which harnesses the immune system to target the disease, better screening and tests to diagnose cancer earlier, and ways to help prevent the disease in people who are at risk.
"But each year more and more people are diagnosed with cancer, so there's still much more to do. That's why we need we need everyone who took part in Race for Life in Falmouth to make every step count by supporting our doctors, nurses and scientists so they can take strides forward in the fight against this devastating disease."
For information on returning sponsorship money, or to make a donation, visit raceforlife.org


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One game, so many web pages.
Japan's PlayStation.com site has opened up a page for SCEI's Popolocrois III, and unlike SCEI's own page, this one contains actual information on the game. We revealed some details regarding the game's story, and how it features as its main character Prince Pinon, eight year old son of King Pietro and Queen Narshia. Today, we have a few new details and screens.
One day, Prince Pinon is exploring a Dragon Shrine which exists near Popolocrois Castle, when he encounters a mysterious being called Papu. Prince Pinon, Papu, a mysterous girl called Luna (blasphemous!) and a young forest dwelling boy called Marco must journey to Fantasia, which exists in the spirit world, in order to avert some great calamity from their kingdom.
As previously mentioned, the game tells a story of friendship, making use of cartoon-style 3D graphics. Everything is in realtime 3D this time around, and just like with part 2, the game will feature full voice acting for event scenes. The developers are aiming to make the battles look as good as they are fun to play. The battles will make use of only the four main PS2 buttons (square, circle, triangle and "x") and will feature cooperation attacks between the characters.
Now the only remaining question is, will SCEA decide to actually release this game in America?


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In Punk's school planner, it says that every child is entitled to a free public education.
Why then, have I dropped over $400 in school and field trip fees in under a week?
WTH is free about that?
Homeschooling was a notebook, a pencil, and a library card. Total cost 86 cents. If we splurged for annual memberships to the zoo, and science museum, as well as art class - it was still under 200 bucks. Grrrrrrr.
Wednesday, September 14, 2011
3 comments:
- Treats said...
I hear you...it's brutal. We have underfunded our schools to the point that the expenses are passed on to parents under the guise of "fees".
- September 15, 2011 at 6:32 AM
- j said...
Yeah - it's random too. Like Punk's field trip to the orpheum is $5.00 which includes bus transportation. Kooka's field trip to the compost center cost $13 - and I had to drive her AND five of her classmates.
- September 16, 2011 at 7:21 PM
- Sara said...
The art curriculum in Detroit Lakes is taught by parent volunteers, supplies come from grants. We teach one lesson a month, a slide show and project. It's a neat curriculum, but sad that art is so limited here.
- October 13, 2011 at 2:50 PM
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