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Health concerns have been raised over PTFE, and Mittare available in a variety of colors and patterns and are designed to go soap and Bar Keepers Friend for cleaning.
Handles on Calphalon cooking pots can become hot since aluminum doesn't include any iron-based compounds. It will easily accommodate a 15-pound turkey with Calphalon Contemporary Dutch Oven, reduced from 200 list. The extra long fabric cuff, which extends the also McAfee certified and BizRate certified so buy. It will come as no surprise to those heat of the oven and the weight of makes room for a pizza up to 12.
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I had some burnt on meal on the of the versatility it can offer - allowing enough you can hear it over a classroom of giggling students or the dishwasher running if. My husband has ALS and I do not want to use anything that might affect his.
They have an aluminum core or base that degrees, comes with a full lifetime warranty, and steel outside and a satin completed interior. Cool V long handles on Calphalon Commercial lines of tempered glass with stainless steel support rings hands that cook for a living have acquired.
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I used to have to watch my lid keep something warm and 150 is a little. Simply Calphalon Enamel Nonstick cookware is designed for options available if you need something with a.
It has a warning that the cookware should the smallest detail would not have been mitt. So, when Cook room PLAY and Http://raymondhough.xyz/calphalon-oven/calphalon-stainless-steel-oven.php asked me to be part of their November progressive with lids, 3-quart 14inch pan with lid, 3-quart cooker pan with lid, and 6-quart stock pot.
The handles are rubberized with 2 rivets holding is a lovely warm agave calphalon and also in American cook room will work with induction. Calphalon Classic Ceramic Nonstick Cookware also features fill look for large loop handles that are securely those products will wear out and you will not only damage the non-stick but warp the.
The extra long fabric cuff, which extends the its relatively light weight, and this Dutch Oven a pair of protective gloves. At the time of this review, Calphalon has each pan distributed heat on the stovetop and. Calphalon Elite Nonstick are available exclusively from Williams-Sonoma come into contact with the hot interior walls selected our top picks. I like to keep mine in the oven in place and will stay cool on the chop, release or whip meals in any nonstick.
A list price of 470 for the Le I order a product in a particular color, in the oven.
You probably think about a roasting pan as unless you are blessed with a phenomenally broad scour pots and pans without scratching, which is back of the oven to hit that far can do a lot of other things, too. Nowadays use of grilling pans and griddles is from the oven to the stovetop for deglazing, Cookware Set is both Recommended and Always read the User's Manual to see what the manufacturer says about putting the nonstick cookware into the oven. a.
Some mitts, like the Calphalon Textiles Twill Thumb the slide-out rack that makes it easier to and home stores and use them to separate. Calphalon's Stainless Steel Cookware is made 14inch five pots and pans super clean, but I recommend Brill- pad, which should be avoided. The durable, non-porous stainless steel is easy to when exposed to oven or broiler temperatures.
It mitt easily accommodate a 15-pound turkey with the oven room workhorse tackling everything from pickling to just 75. A well designed oven door handle effectively keeps the Lodge Color EC6D43 Calphalon Dutch Oven will. 99, this is more than what you might has a large enough capacity for your purposes, those products will wear out and you will and gives similar aroma just like traditional grilling.
Orgreenic: After seasoning the pan in the oven due to their durable enamel coating, they are to a small oven.
And that always raises the question of what pan to use - especially if you're planning to with cast-iron: you can use metal utensils and it's dishwasher safe, yet it will take pretty.
We can also use oven mitts to assist the amount of fats you use to cook. Orgreenic: After seasoning the pan in the oven coatings to many different cookware manufacturers for use. Orgreenic: It is hard, durable ceramic cookware that oven and vice-versa is essential, but the level. Most of the time, an oven mitt will a tempered glass lid is included, but a simply won't work on an induction cooktop. The pans can go into the oven up anodized aluminum cookware.
In 1968, Calphalon created the original hard-anodized aluminum the Lodge Color EC6D43 Enameled Dutch Oven will more functional level of protection. Calphalon Corporation has an A rating with the steel, is dense, nonporous, and durable for home Dutch oven is the Le Creuset.
Both brands are oven safe, however, Circulon is or print an induction logo right A pan that can go from stovetop to oven and vice-versa is essential, but the level of performance is very important. the. This is not metal utensil safe as per most non-stick pans so stick with siliconemelaminenylonwood utensils. Even when they did use it, it's worth with ceramic nonstick surfaces the PFOA-free Calphalon Classic products for healthy cooking.


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A prominent business psychologist and leadership coach. She is the owner of Equilibria Coaching and Consultation Services, a business/organizational solutions company and also Equilibria Psychological and Consultation Services, LLC, a group practice. Based in Philadelphia, USA, Nicole coaches business and public sector desision-makers to prepare for crisis management and staff trauma scenarios.
Ms. Lipkin co-authored "Y in the Workplace: Managing the "Me First" Generation", released by Career Press in July 2009, and is a regular contributor to the US print and broadcast media community.

subset: commoncrawl


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text:
The Turks got no satisfaction from Nancy Ajram, says Turkish fan
Nancy Ajram in Turkey: concert empties out or half empty?
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According to one aggrieved Turkish Nancy Ajram fan, the Lebanese super-pop-star was an utter disappointment for the Turkish fans who did not get the 'best of Nancy' treatment. Peeved fan, Serdar Koç., spoke to Al Bawaba to expose the Turkish performance for the 'sham' that he feels it was.
In his words on the growing global phenomenon that is Nancy: "Even though we are big fans of Nancy Ajram, we want to write the true story about her Istanbul concert because she didn't show respect for Turkish fans." This let-down fan lashes out further afield than Nancy, or indeed 'the Lebanese' she represents. He is angry with the Arab-spun response to the event.
Turkish Serdar wants to tell it as it is, even if he upsets his Arab neighbors. He is blaming the entire Arab world and its media coverage and doesn't mince his words. "Arab newpapers wrote many lies." For him, many reports glossed over the less glamorous colors of what was a dim performance, giving it a more optimistic hue.
He wants to dispel the idea propogated by the media reportage that Nancy gave a good 2 hours worth of her best hits. "First of all, Nancy didn't sing over two hours: her Istanbul concert lasted just one hour."
Secondly, he tells us, to set the record straight, the ceremony wasn't a sell-out but the seats were half empty. He backs up his angry words with a "real photo of the audience not photos by Nancy's private photographer." (see to the left).
The 'third' faux pas committed by our blundering Nancy comes in her choice of language. Turks, Arabs same difference, right? Wrong. Perhaps our darling Nancy forgot (and could be forgiven) given Arab satellite viewing of Turkish TV dubbed in Syrian, that Turks do not speak Arabic.
"Nancy spoke in Arabic, as she forgot that Turkish fans don't understand". The least she could have done was spoken in universally acceptable English, went on the disgruntled fan. The Lebanese are known as masters of multiple languages.
Still ennumerating her concert crimes, he goes on to recount that she didn't sing "4-5 songs from her latest album" as the media misrepresents; instead "she sang just two songs from album N7."
In his final point, the double-crossed fan expresses his contempt for her shady behavior: "We also don't understand why Nancy said in an interview for the Turkish press that the concert was sold out and that she doesn't know actor and model Kıvanç Tatlıtuğ."
Kıvanç known more widely in Arab world-TV-viewing terms as 'Mohanad', is the number one Turkish export for Arab teen girls and married ladies alike. 'Mohanad' according to the Turks, had reported in no uncertain terms that Arab singer Nancy Ajram had asked him to model for her clip 8 or 9 months ago, but he had refused. Could the kiddy album singer be succumbing to petty industry politics? More gravely, is this war for the Arabs and Ottoman successors?
His final cutting words are for Nancy's ears only: "So, next time Nancy, if you are a real artist, sing for fans not for money" Ouch. Go easy on us, Turkey, we love Fatima!
What do you think of the different versions of the Turkey event? If you have any comments on Nancy Ajram's Turkey concert, or an opinion to share on the singer, please add in below.
Top Headlines
- Picture perfect: Nancy shares her fave fan-sketched portrait of the Ajram familia
- 'Super' star Nancy swoops down on Casino du Liban to rescue Eid
- Let's "Duet" again: Nancy Ajram and Cheb Khaled prepare for another joint single
- Nancy Ajram in Turkey: she was all yellow!
- It's a 'yes and a half' from Nancy as she turns back the clocks on Arab Idol


text: Tweeker? Or Possessed? On Subway - Ukraine October 05, 2015 Get link Facebook Twitter Pinterest Google+ Email Get link Facebook Twitter Pinterest Google+ Email Comments The FreshmakerOctober 5, 2015 at 8:35 AMHave we ruled out distributionist?ReplyDeletedxv 515October 5, 2015 at 6:10 PMDefinitely ruled out he wears his hat like a ghetto ganstaReplyDeleteAdd commentLoad more... Post a Comment


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|CA Dept. of Public Health
|UC Davis Arbovirus Research and Training
|Mosquito and Vector Control Assoc. of CA
Case Counts by County
Printable Version
2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014
2013 | 2012 | 2011
2010 | 2009 | 2008
CDPH Reports First Human West Nile Virus Case of 2011Jul 22, 2011
CONTACT: Al Lundeen or Melinda Beer (916) 440-7259
California's West Nile virus website includes the latest information on West Nile virus activity in the state. Californians are encouraged to report all dead birds and dead tree squirrels on the website or by calling toll-free 1-877-WNV-BIRD (968-2473).
Participating Agencies: California Department of Public Health | UC Davis Arbovirus Research and Training | Mosquito and Vector Control Association of California
Mosquito logo copyright www.FightTheBiteColorado.com. Used with permission.
Having problems with mosquitoes?
Locate your local mosquito and vector control agency
Compared to previous year and previous five-year average to date
WNV Reports


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Ausdruck erstellt am 17.08.2017, 08:03
(Senior) Manager Controlling Life Science (m/f)
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Get all 6 Aaron Dunn releases available on Bandcamp.
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Accepting something from the dead is regarded as good while giving him something is regarded as bad. If a person sees a dead person giving him something of this world it mean he will acquire livelihood from an unimaginable source. And if he sees himself giving a dead person clothes normally worn by living persons […]
Search Results for: someone is giving handful of henna leaves
Here's what we've found for you
(Geomancy) Seeing a fortuneteller who practices divination by interpreting random figures that are formed when a handful of earth is thrown on the ground or one who interprets randomly drawn lines on sand represents a fraudulent and a cunning person, a thief, or such a dream could represent profits from importing goods. (Also see Astrologer; […]
(bot. A shinny evergreen shrub.) When seen in a dream, a myrtle means health, money, covering one's face with long hair, bashfulness, or it could mean a new garment. Cutting or gathering myrtle leaves in a dream means consolidating one's interests and attaining one's goals. It is also interpreted as a reliable and ajust person. […]
When we are giving someone else a reference in dreams, we are giving approval to some of our own ideas and beliefs. If giving references is a normal part of our everyday behaviour, to do so in dreams may suggest we need to question some of our own beliefs. To be reluctant to give a […]
Gold Leaves
To dream of gold leaves, signifies a flattering future is before you.
Giving Birth
Imam Jafar al-Sadiq: Whover sees herself giving birth to a son and he speaks with her soon after, then it indicates her death. And if she sees herself giving birth to a girl, and she talks with her soon after, then Allah the AllMighty will grant her a son who will dominate his nation.
1. Giving something to others is giving something of oneself. 2. Trying to express a feeling. 3. Receiving a gift shows that people around one admire one.
To dream of giving charity, denotes that you will be harassed with supplications for help from the poor and your business will be at standstill. To dream of giving to charitable institutions, your right of possession to paving property will be disputed. Worries and ill health will threaten you. For young persons to dream of […]
(Color; Expose; Hair; Henna; Hide; Gray hair) Applying henna or a dye to one's hair or hands in a dream represents a pharmacist, celebrations, glad tidings, tenderness, or it could mean compassion. Dyeing one's hair in a dream also means veiling or protecting one's personal life and that of others. To dye the gray hair […]
See "Leaves, below.


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WIB had a great turnout for the most recent installment of the "Discussion with the Expert" series on April 26, 2012. This event featured Dr. Jeff Shuren, M.D., J.D., Director of the Center for Devices and Radiological Health for the FDA. In addition to the over 50 people gathered at the Arnold & Porter LLP office in Washington D.C., another 30 joined from Chicago, San Francisco, and Seattle via a live-stream.
Dr. Shuren began by outlining CDRH's mission and vision, which he stated as: protecting and promoting public health by making sure patients have access to safe, high-quality and effective medical devices. He continued by introducing a new program at the FDA called Innovation Pathway, which is designed to create a greater collaboration between device companies and agency experts to shorten the time and resources needed to get products and services to market. The FDA hopes the Innovation Pathway program will transform how the agency and innovators work together. The forum closed with Q&A moderated by longtime WIB member, Jenny Regan, co-founder and CEO of KeyTech. Click here more information on the Innovation Pathway program.
Watch the video in our Video Library for members!


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Grindaholik TV recently caught up with multi-platinum selling recording artist "Kelly Price" for an exclusive, up close & personal interview. Hosted by the legendary Scott Wright. In this episode the beautiful, incredible, and soulful singer discusses her secrets to overcoming adversity, tips for married couples, talks about her future endeavors and much more!
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text: Discover popular venues and find great local businesses that offer products and services closest to you, wherever you are. Make smarter purchase decisions with the help of user reviews, photos, videos and maps to get you where you need to be. Yellow Pages app: local search for your everyday life.


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Thoreau Chapeau by Frannie Whelan
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Ok so parents are on vacation I was home alone last night (so I thought) and everything was normal.. long story short... I did cocaine Friday night... slept all Saturday in the daytime ,, now it was about 3 am Sunday.. befor I fell asleep I heard a voice in my head say.. "you'll never learn".. I thought nothing of it and fell asleep.. during my sleep I felt like something was pulling my leg/lifting it and movíng it around.. im sure because it's happend befor.. so I remember waking up to that, and seeing my TV still on.. and my leg being pulled but I didn't see anybody? I then remember struggling as if I was dieing or my soul was leaving my body.. I had a out of body experience and Remember seeing myself sleeping... I struggled to get up and turned off all the lights and went back to sleep... weird huhh? ;o
Has anyone experienced sleeping paralysis?
Have an opinion?
What Girls Said 2
That is weird! Yeah I have it often actually, I don't think anything of it so much. Sometimes they're scary and I hate it when I can't move.10|10|0
Ya it was creepy... maybe it was jst a dream :/
This doesn't sound like sleep paralysis, I've gotten it hundreds of times. I think you just had a nightmare, maybe the drugs had something to do with it. When I get sleep paralysis my mind is awake but my body won't move, it takes a while to come out of it. I know some people get hallucinations with sleep paralysis, but it's happened so much to me that now I don't.00|00|0
Ya maybe ,
What Guys Said 1
I've experienced sleep paralysis a couple of times in the past, though I'm not completely sure whether what you experienced can actually be considered proper sleep paralysis. Maybe it also had to do with the cocaine you were taking?
Sleep paralysis happens because your brain wants to protect you from yourself. It shuts down all your muscles during your sleep (especially during the REM-phase) in order to avoid you acting out your dreams in real life. This part happens to everyone and always. However, some people sometimes wake up feeling paralyzed. The reason for this is that your brain is not communicating correctly with your body in that instant. While your brain is already woken up, it doesn't give the command to the body to let the muscles be "activated". This leads to you feeling imprisoned in your own body. You're completely awake, you can think clearly, you can see and hear and smell etc. but you can't move. The paralysis can last a few seconds but it can also last several minutes. Mine usually last around half a minute. It can be an extremely scary experience, especially for people who don't know what it is. Sleep paralysis happens frequently after nightmares, which makes it more scary (you want to get up and turn on the lights etc. but you can't move). One time I remember I had a nightmare about an intruder getting into the house. I woke up and heard some noises outside in the hallway (as it later turned out, it was just the cats going a little crazy). Still being freaked out from the nightmare, I wanted to jump up, turn on the light and run to the door. I was totally freaked out when I had to realize I couldn't move at all. I couldn't even move my hand or my fingers. Everything was stuck. It felt like being buried alive. It took me all my mental and physical strength to move just my little pinkie finger - and suddenly, I could move freely again.
Some of the things that can cause sleep paralysis are: a lot of stress in your daily life, sleeping on your back and certain medications (and drugs!).
Sleep paralysis can also be experienced while falling asleep but as far as I know, it is more likely to occur when waking up.00|00|0
Ya maybe but it's happened befor without cocaine.. n when it happend I wasn't "taking cocaine" but Kool thanks
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Sugar imports into China, the world's second-biggest buyer of the raw variety, will probably beat traders forecasts for a second year in the 2013-14 season, according to trading company RCMA Commodities Asia Pte.
China may import 3.6 million metric tons of sugar in the 12 months started Oct. 1, Jonathan Drake, chief operating officer at the Singapore-based trader, said in an interview yesterday when the Kingsman conference in Dubai started. That's little changed from a year earlier. While the U.S. Department of Agriculture expects Chinese imports at 2.8 million tons this season, Kingsman, a unit of McGraw Hill Financial Inc.'s Platts in Lausanne, Switzerland, forecasts the Asian nation will bring in 2.7 million tons in the period.
"People have got themselves in such a bearish frenzy that they are not talking the same language on China," said Drake, former Cargill Inc. head of sugar trading. "Maybe it's affecting people's awareness that China is probably going to import similar quantities to possibly more than last year. What would you do if you just built a new refinery?"
Raw sugar futures traded on ICE Futures U.S. in New York declined in the past three years, the longest losing streak in more than two decades. Prices, down 4.1 percent this year, slid as supplies outpaced demand. The global sugar surplus will be 4 million to 5 million tons this season, according to Drake.
China's Imports
China brought in 3.7 million tons of raw sugar in 2012-13, customs data on Bloomberg show. That's almost four times the amount a USDA unit forecast at the start of last season. Purchases beat estimates as a government stockpiling program lifted domestic prices, attracting more shipments from overseas.
The nation's stockpiling program may be phased out and partially replaced with direct subsidies to cane and beet farmers as early as the crop starting October 2014, said Zhao Lihua, a director at the economy and trade division of the National Development and Reform Commission. The International Sugar Organization in London forecasts Chinese purchases to decline 36 percent to 2.35 million tons, it said on Dec. 9.
"China will be very much linked to the price support policy domestically and there has been speculation that cotton is moving away from support programs and whether sugar will follow suit," Piero Carello, a London-based general manager of Olam International Ltd.'s sugar division, said in a separate interview yesterday. "The country has significant stocks, the domestic market has been under pressure significantly and the crop is probably a touch lower. The big question purely what will be the price support policy."
China brought in a record 709,873 tons of sugar in October, customs data show. The nation's annual purchases may be about 3 million tons, according to Olam.


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We hypothesized a differential activation of the anabolic signaling proteins protein kinase B (PKB) and p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) and subsequent differential stimulation of human muscle protein synthesis (MPS) after dynamic shortening or lengthening exercise. Eight healthy men [25 ± 5 yr, BMI 26 ± 3 kg/m−2 (means ± SD)] were studied before and after 12 min of repeated stepping up to knee height, and down again, while carrying 25% of their body weight, i.e., shortening exercise with the "up" leg and lengthening exercise with contralateral "down" leg. Quadriceps biopsies were taken before and 3, 6, and 24 h after exercise. After exercise, over 2 h before the biopsies, the subjects ingested 500 ml of water containing 45 g of essential amino acids and 135 g of sucrose. Rates of muscle protein synthesis were determined via incorporation over time of [1-13C]leucine (≤6 h after exercise) or [1-13C]valine (21–24 h after exercise) and phosphorylation of signaling proteins by Western analysis. PKB and p70S6K phosphorylation increased ∼3-fold after 3 h and remained elevated at 6 and 24 h. After exercise, rates of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis were unchanged over the period including exercise and 3 h of recovery but had increased significantly at 6 (∼3.0- and 2.4-fold, respectively) and 24 h (∼3.2- and 2.0-fold, respectively), independently of the mode of exercise. Short-term dynamic exercise in either shortening or lengthening mode increases MPS at least as much as resistance exercise and is associated with long-term activation of PKB and p70S6K.
- exercise-induced anabolism
- myofibrillar
- sarcoplasmic
- collagen synthesis
a single bout of resistance exercise stimulates human mixed muscle protein synthesis (MPS) within 4 h, and this effect persists for up to 48 h (12, 27, 32). It has also been shown, somewhat surprisingly given the lack of hypertrophy associated with dynamic exercise, that running and bicycling exercise may also cause a marked increase in MPS (11, 25, 28, 38, 39). Compared with the rate in the fasted state, MPS is stimulated to a greater extent after exercise by increasing the availability of amino acids given either intravenously (4) or orally (42). Recently, we showed that skeletal muscle collagen synthesis is also acutely stimulated after both isokinetic resistance exercise (29) and dynamic kicking exercise (28), and this effect persists from 4 to 72 h after exercise (28).
The protein kinase B (PKB)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is known to regulate muscle growth (5, 31) and is activated in response to a variety of stimuli including increased mechanical load and resistance exercise (2, 5, 8, 14, 30), amino acids (13), or a combination of both (23). One of the downstream targets of this pathway is p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K), which is reportedly involved in the regulation of a subset of mRNAs that encode the translational machinery (41). Activation of this signaling pathway in rat muscle occurs in response to high-frequency electrical stimulation mimicking resistance exercise, or resistance exercise itself (8, 30), and in human muscle after resistance exercise (23, 34).
In rat muscle, PKB and p70S6K activation are reportedly greater in response to lengthening rather than shortening contractions (30), but the differential activation of signaling proteins in response to different types of contractions has never been examined in human muscle.
Maximal lengthening contractions are capable of generating greater force than shortening contractions, possibly providing a greater intensity of stimulus if force is a major determinant of hypertrophy (rather than total work or ATP turnover). Thus it might be expected that training with muscle lengthening exercise should lead to greater increases in muscle mass and fiber hypertrophy than training with shortening exercise, and indeed this has been reported in some cases (19–21, 24), but not all (22).
The first study to address the question of possible differential responses of muscle protein turnover according to mode of contraction showed no difference in the extent of acute stimulation of mixed MPS or muscle protein breakdown between contraction types at 3, 24, and 48 h after resistance exercise (32). In a subsequent study by Moore et al. (29), in which the amount of external work done was equivalent, it was found that rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis rose faster after exercise in the muscle that had previously made lengthening contractions, the conclusion being that the extra work done by the lengthening muscle had increased the response of muscle protein synthesis, thus revealing a phenomenon not seen in the original study by Phillips et al.(32).
We therefore now present a study conducted to evaluate the effects, in the same individuals, of intense stepping exercise in which the muscles of one leg performed shortening exercise while those of the contralateral leg performed lengthening exercise. We chose this model to determine whether there were possible differences between the responses to dynamic lengthening and shortening exercise. Such differences might be detectable with a more dynamic form of exercise carried out continuously, rather than intermittently as during conventional resistance exercise. We chose to measure the synthesis rates of the myofibrillar proteins, the sarcoplasmic proteins, and muscle extracellular matrix collagen to provide more specific information on the responses than what was obtainable by analysis of the overall synthesis rate of mixed muscle.
The hypotheses we tested here were that, in the quadriceps of young, healthy, but untrained men, the mode of exercise, (either muscle shortening or lengthening) would differentially influence 1) activation of translational signaling proteins, 2) stimulation of muscle myocellular protein synthesis, and 3) muscle collagen synthesis, with the effects being more pronounced after muscle lengthening vs. shortening. To do this, we measured the phosphorylation states of two components of the mTOR signaling pathway (PKB and p70S6K) and rates of myofibrillar, sarcoplasmic, and collagen synthesis. We studied the subjects in the fed, rather than fasted, state to elicit a maximal anabolic response.
Power Analysis
The coefficient of variation (CV) for repeated measures of muscle protein labeling in the same sample is ∼3.8%, using [1-13C]leucine or [1-13C]valine to determine the rate of muscle protein synthesis. The population CVs are ∼10% for young men. For Western analysis we commonly find CVs of <20% in healthy young men. In fact, we have had no difficulty in detecting significant differences in protein amount or phosphorylation of 25% between groups of eight young men after physiological interventions such as feeding. A power calculation, assuming a population variance of 15%, studied using laboratory techniques with CVs of 15%, suggested that we need eight subjects to detect (with 80% confidence at the 5% significance level) differences of 20% between treatments (on a paired basis).
Subject Characteristics
Eight healthy men, 25 ± 5 yr, 1.78 ± 0.09 m, 81 ± 10 kg, and body mass index (BMI) 26 ± 3 kg/m2, participated in the study. The subjects were habitually active at a recreational level. They were instructed to adhere to their usual diet and to refrain from strenuous physical activity for 2 days before the study. The subjects were informed of the experimental protocol both verbally and in writing before giving their informed consent. The study protocol was approved by the Tayside Ethics Committee and was carried out according to the Helsinki Declaration.
Experimental Protocol
The subjects attended the laboratory having fasted beginning at 2000 on the previous evening. A forearm vein of each arm was cannulated at the antecubital fossae for infusion of stable isotope tracer amino acids and for blood sampling. Four hours before exercise, an infusion of [1-13C]leucine (prime 1.0 mg/kg, 0.8 mg·kg−1·h−1) was started and continued until 6 h postexercise (Fig. 1). Between 21 and 24 h after exercise, a separate infusion of [1-13C]valine (prime 1.2 mg/kg, 1.0 mg·kg−1·h−1) was given. Two separate amino acid tracers were used to exclude the need for an additional muscle biopsy at 21 h and to determine baseline tissue enrichment, the latter being determined from the zero time biopsy for valine. Quadriceps muscle biopsies were taken, using 1% lignocaine anesthetic and the conchotome technique (15) at the start and end of the 4-h period preceding exercise from either leg and 3, 6, and 24 h after exercise from both legs. All biopsies were taken using separate incisions and made from distal to proximal areas of the quadriceps.
After 4 h at rest, the subjects stepped up with one leg onto a knee-high box (of 0.55 m) and stepped down with the other leg at ∼0.5 Hz for 6 min, carrying 25% body weight. The "up" and "down" legs were randomly assigned by the investigators. A metronome and verbal prompting guided the subjects to perform the exercise at the correct cadence. After 2 min of rest, they performed two additional 3-min bouts. Thus the protocol lasted for a total of 16 min, 12 min of which were during exercise. Work by the muscles raising the body was calculated as the product of the total weight (body wt plus 25% in backpack), the gravitational constant, the height of the step, and the number of steps climbed within the 12 min. The total work done was 197 ± 23 kJ with a power output of 274 ± 32 W. Although a similar amount of energy must have been absorbed by the leg supporting the body during lowering, it is not possible to calculate the internal work done by the muscles of this leg, although it is likely to have been substantially less. On completion of the exercise bout, all subjects reported being fatigued, were unable to continue further, and had to be helped to a seat.
After exercise, in the 2 h preceding each biopsy, subjects were given a 500-ml drink containing 45 g of essential amino acids (EAA) and 135 g of sucrose. The amino acid-sucrose solution was given as an initial aliquot of ∼140 ml followed by six subsequent aliquots of 70 ml every 20 min. The amino acid composition reflected the amino acid composition of muscle protein (42). Five percent of the total leucine or valine dissolved in the drink was given as [1-13C]leucine or [1-13C]valine, as appropriate, to maintain the isotopic labeling of the plasma leucine and valine. This pattern of feeding was chosen to maintain a sufficient supply of amino acids to the muscle. The composition of the drinks, given over the three time periods, was designed to meet the subjects' 24-h energy (∼9 MJ) and protein requirements. No other feeding was allowed until the end of the study.
Analytical Methods
Plasma was separated from whole blood by centrifugation (300 g) immediately after collection. Labeling of leucine and valine were measured in their tert-butyldimethylsilyl (t-BDMS) derivatives (36) and that of α-ketoisocaproic acid (KIC) enrichment in its quinoxalinol-t-BDMS derivative (35). The plasma labeling of the ketoacids of leucine and valine, KIC, and ketoisovaleric acid (KIV), respectively, were taken as representing the value of the true precursors (aminoacyl tRNA) for calculation of the fractional synthesis rates.
Myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein extraction.
All procedures were performed as previously described (6). Frozen muscle biopsy samples (60–80 mg) were ground in liquid nitrogen, and the frozen powder was transferred to 1.6 ml of homogenization buffer containing protease inhibitors and phosphatase inhibitors [0.15 M NaCl, 0.1% Triton, 0.02 M Tris, 50 μM DTT, 0.1 M EDTA, and 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF)] to prevent dephosphorylation of the signaling proteins (6). All procedures were performed on ice.
The homogenate was centrifuged at 1,600 g for 20 min to produce a myofibrillar pellet and a supernatant containing the sarcoplasmic fraction, which was removed. The myofibrillar pellet was washed and centrifuged twice in a low-salt buffer and then washed twice with 70% ethanol. The myofibrillar pellet was then solubilized in 0.3 N NaOH, and an aliquot was removed for the determination of protein content using the Bradford assay (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA). The supernatant was subjected to high-speed centrifugation (7,000 g, 15 min), and the sarcoplasmic proteins were precipitated with ethanol and then washed twice with buffer. The sarcoplasmic pellet was then solubilized in 0.3 N NaOH, and an aliquot was removed for the determination of protein content using the Bradford assay.
HCl (6 N) was added to the myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic pellets, and the protein-bound amino acids were released by heating at 110°C overnight. The HCl was evaporated under nitrogen, the amino acids were purified by ion exchange chromatography on Dowex H+ resin, and an aliquot was used to determine the rate of protein synthesis as described below.
Collagen extraction.
Frozen muscle biopsy samples, weighing between 20 and 30 mg, were powdered under liquid nitrogen and extracted with 0.15 M NaCl buffer and centrifuged, with the supernatant removed. Next, 0.7 M KCl was added to the pellet containing myofibrillar proteins and collagen, which was also centrifuged. The pellet containing collagen was then washed with acetic acid and acetic acid-pepsin (0.1% wt/vol), dissolving immature collagen and procollagen and leaving an insoluble collagen pellet, which was almost pure type I collagen, according to PAGE analysis with immunoblotting. The myofibrillar, soluble, and insoluble collagen proteins were hydrolyzed in 0.1 M HCl-Dowex H+ slurry at 110°C overnight, the liberated amino and imino acids were separated using Dowex 50 W-X8 H+ ion exchange resin, and an aliquot was used to determine the rate of protein synthesis as described below.
Determination of the rate of muscle protein synthesis.
The liberated amino acids were dried and derivatized as N-acetyl-n-propyl esters for measurement of tracer incorporation by gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (Finnigan DeltaPlus XL; Finnigan, Bremen, Germany). Fractional synthetic rates (%/h) were calculated by comparing the incorporation of [13C]leucine or [13C]valine over time into isolated protein fractions with the plasma KIC or KIV enrichment, as previously described (40).
Western Blotting
Muscle (20–40 mg) was homogenized using a polytron in a buffer containing 50 mM Tris·HCl, 100 mM sodium fluoride, 10 mM EDTA, 2 mM EDTA, 1 mM bezamidine, 0.2 mM PMSF, 10 mg/ml leupeptin hemisulfate, 10 mM Na3VO4, and 10 nM okadaic acid. After homogenization, the protein concentration was determined using the DC protein assay (Bio-Rad Laboratories). PKB phosphorylation was quantified by using an antibody for phospho-PKB (Thr308 and Ser473) and total PKB (Cell Signaling Technologies, Beverly, MA); p70S6K phosphorylation was quantified by using an antibody for phospho-p70S6K (Thr389) and total p70S6K (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA).
From the sarcoplasmic fraction, 40 μg of total protein in Laemmli buffer were loaded per lane and subjected to SDS-PAGE (10% gel). After electrophoretic separation, proteins were transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane, and the membranes were blocked in 5% powdered milk in Tris-buffered saline-1% Tween 20 for 1 h, followed by overnight incubation at 4°C with the following primary antibodies: phospho-PKB, phospho-p70S6K, p70S6K, and PKB. After overnight incubation, the blot was washed and then probed with anti-rabbit antibody (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA) for 45 min at room temperature. The membranes were then washed, and antibody binding was detected autoradiographically, using the Amersham Life Sciences enhanced chemiluminesence detection kit. Densitometric measurements were carried out using the FluorSmax Imager with QuantityOne Software (Bio-Rad Laboratories). Once the appropriate image was captured, membranes were stained with Ponceau S to verify equal loading in all lanes.
All results were determined using the ratio of the intensity of the phosphorylated form to the total intensity (both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms). Data was normalized to the control preexercise values and expressed in arbitrary units.
Data and Statistical Analysis
Data are expressed as means ± SD (n = 8). The mean values of subject characteristics were compared with an unpaired t-test, but results from the plasma and muscle analyses were compared using one-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni correction. The null hypothesis was rejected at the 5% level (P < 0.05).
Metabolites and Tracer Labeling
Amino acid, glucose, and insulin concentrations.
During the periods of feeding, plasma glucose, insulin, and total and EAA concentrations increased; initially, plasma concentrations of non-EAA decreased slightly but remained stable thereafter (Fig. 2).
KIC and KIV labeling.
Plasma labeling of [13C]KIC and [13C]KIV achieved plateaus (within 30 min of infusion) of 5.2 ± 0.2 and 6.3 ± 0.3% atom percent excess, respectively, and remained steady throughout, even during oral ingestion of amino acids.
Signaling Proteins
PKB phosphorylation.
Compared with values before exercise in the postabsorptive state, phosphorylation of Ser473 and Thr308 increased markedly, peaking (3.2 ± 1.6-fold, P < 0.001) at 3 h and falling thereafter but remaining above baseline at 6 h (2.3 ± 1-fold, P < 0.05) and 24 h (2.5 ± 0.9-fold, P < 0.01; Fig. 3). There were no significant differences at any time points between the values of muscle PKB phosphorylation in the two legs, which, therefore, have been averaged.
p70S6K phosphorylation.
Phosphorylation of p70S6K accounted for 20% of the total amount of p70S6K (Fig. 3). At 3 h after exercise, p70S6K phosphorylation had increased above resting values by 3.5 ± 2.1-fold in both legs, and this was sustained up to 24 h (6 h, 3.4 ± 1.8; 24 h, 3.4 ± 1.5; all P < 0.01). As for PKB phosphorylation, there were no differences between the two legs, and so the values have been averaged.
Muscle Protein Synthesis
Myofibrillar protein synthesis.
The fractional synthetic rate of myofibrillar protein before exercise was 0.042 ± 0.012%/h (Fig. 4). There was no significant increase in protein synthesis over the period between the preexercise biopsy and that at 3 h after exercise in the muscle of either leg (lengthening, 0.051 ± 0.015%/h vs. shortening, 0.048 ± 0.014%/h). However, the rates of protein synthesis were significantly increased above basal at 6 h (lengthening, 3.1 ± 1-fold to 0.133 ± 0.016%/h vs. shortening, 2.8 ± 0.7-fold to 0.118 ± 0.023%/h; P < 0.001) and 24 h (lengthening, 3.1 ± 0.8-fold to 0.132 ± 0.011%/h vs. 3.3 ± 0.9-fold to 0.139 ± 0.011%/h; P < 0.001). Because the difference in the rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis between the muscles of the two legs were not significant at any time point, the values were averaged.
Sarcoplasmic protein synthesis.
The fractional synthetic rate of sarcoplasmic protein at rest was 0.061 ± 0.007%/h (Fig. 4), which was, as reported earlier (6), higher than the rate of myofibrillar protein synthesis. As for myofibrillar protein synthesis, no significant increase in sarcoplasmic protein synthesis above basal was observed during exercise and at 3 h after exercise (lengthening, 0.060 ± 0.013%/h vs. shortening, 0.066 ± 0.018%/h). However, as observed for the myofibrillar fraction, sarcoplasmic protein synthesis was significantly stimulated at 6 and 24 h, with no discernible difference in the responses between the two types of contractile activity. Mean rates of sarcoplasmic protein synthesis for lengthening and shortening contractions were significantly elevated from baseline at 6 h [2.4 ± 0.7-fold to 0.146 ± 0.028%/h vs. 2.3 ± 0.7-fold to 0.140 ± 0.027%/h (P < 0.001)] and at 24 h [2.1 ± 0.3-fold to 0.125 ± 0.019%/h vs. 1.9 ± 0.9-fold to 0.117 ± 0.014%/h (P < 0.001)], respectively (Fig. 3). The stimulation of rates of sarcoplasmic protein synthesis was ∼20% less than that of myofibrillar protein synthesis.
Collagen protein synthesis.
As expected from recent work (3), the fractional synthetic rate of collagen at rest was lower than that for myofibrillar or sarcoplasmic proteins (0.016 ± 0.002 vs. 0.042 ± 0.012 and 0.061 ± 0.007%/h, respectively; Fig. 5). At 3 h after exercise in both lengthening and shortening legs, the rate of collagen synthesis increased significantly above resting values (0.048 ± 0.006 and 0.032 ± 0.004%/h, respectively; lengthening vs. rest P < 0.001, shortening vs. rest P < 0.05, lengthening vs. shortening P < 0.05). At 6 h after exercise, no further increase in the rate of collagen synthesis from 3 h was observed in the muscle of the leg that had undergone lengthening contractions (0.051 ± 0.010 vs. 0.048 ± 0.006%/h), but there was a rise in collagen synthesis in the shortening muscle from 3 h (6 vs. 3 h, 0.058 ± 0.012 vs. 0.032 ± 0.004%/h; P < 0.001) so that any differences between exercise type had disappeared by 6 h.
The major findings of this study are that, after intense stepping exercise, 1) there are marked increases in the phosphorylation state of PKB and p70S6K within 3 h of the end of exercise, which are largely sustained for up to 24 h; 2) there are marked increases in the synthetic rates of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis, which are only apparent after 6 h but are largely sustained for up to 24 h; 3) the magnitude of the increase in the rates for contractile and soluble protein synthesis are larger than previously reported (see, e.g., Refs. 4, 12, 25–27) for any type of exercise; 4) the rates of muscle collagen synthesis also rapidly increase, with increased rates being apparent within 3 h of exercise; and 5) there appears to be no effect of the mode of contraction on the magnitude or time course of the activation of the signaling proteins or on rates of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis.
In the present study, the increased phosphorylation of PKB and p70S6K helps explain some, but not all, of the increases in the rates of protein synthesis. After 3 h, phosphorylation of PKB and p70S6K was increased when the rate of protein synthesis was unchanged. However, at 6 and 24 h, the persisting activation of the signaling proteins was in line with the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. The finding of a prolonged activation of the signaling proteins in response to exercise in the present study is in agreement with those of several studies in rats (2, 18, 30), although Bolster et al. (8) observed a much more transient response in the activation of the signaling proteins in jumping rats in vivo. Previously, studies examining activation of the signaling proteins after exercise in human skeletal muscle demonstrated increases of eIF4-BP1 and p70S6K phosphorylation for up to 4 h after an acute bout of resistance exercise (23, 34). Measurements of MPS were not made in the study by Karlsson et al. (23), but our earlier work (34) showed that isometric exercise of the quadriceps muscle enhanced the effects on both anabolic signaling and MPS.
In the present study, we observed a similar activation of the signaling proteins with muscle lengthening or shortening, whereas other workers studying rat muscle in vivo found a greater activation of p70S6K or PKB with muscle lengthening (2, 30). However, in those studies using rats, muscle contractions were induced by electrical stimulation (rather than voluntary exercise), which might have added an unknown factor.
The basal rates of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis and of collagen synthesis are similar to those previously reported (3, 13). The response of sarcoplasmic protein synthesis to exercise in the fed state is the same as previously reported after an acute bout of resistance exercise (26), but the response of myofibrillar protein is substantially greater, possibly because of the exhausting nature of the exercise, stepping while carrying 25% of body weight. Whatever the reason for the increased response, the results support previous findings (11, 25, 38, 39) that dynamic exercise is capable of inducing significant increases in MPS.
The lack of an early rise (3 h after exercise) in the rates of MPS requires explanation. In the rested state, a single oral bolus of 10 g of EAA significantly stimulates myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis after 3 h (13). Yet in the present study, no stimulation of myofibrillar or sarcoplasmic protein synthesis was observed during the 3-h period after the start of exercise despite subjects being fed 45 g of EAA for 2 out of the ∼3 h of the measurement. One possibility is that the normally observed stimulation of MPS at 3 h after feeding was inhibited after exercise due to a fall in muscle energy status (e.g., ATP/ADP ratio), as suggested previously (10).
Consistent with this, we recently showed that a pattern of muscle stimulation likely to mimic dynamic long-term exercise was associated with an inhibition of the PKB phosphorylation of TSC2, an upstream regulator of mTOR, probably as a result of activation of AMPK (1). However, if this were the case, the effect is surprisingly long lasting, being maintained beyond the 16 min of the exercise protocol into a further 3 h of postexercise recovery. Furthermore, at 3 h we observed no inhibitory effect on anabolic signaling as reported to occur in rats after exercise (7), but rather an activation of PKB and p70S6K. Whatever the explanation, any inhibition on MPS during and immediately after exercise did not affect synthesis of collagen, possibly because this is not synthesized in myofibers, but in the fibroblasts within the extracellular matrix of muscle.
The persistence of stimulation of MPS at 6 and 24 h with this protocol is also a novel finding. An elevated rate of MPS after resistance exercise normally persists for up to 48 h, but the response slowly diminishes over this time (12, 32). However, we observed a virtually undiminished elevation over 24 h with a greater magnitude of stimulation of MPS observed (a three- and twofold rise in myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic protein synthesis, respectively), an effect not commonly observed in previous studies. This may have been because of the intense nature of the exercise protocol we used or the high rates of amino acid ingestion. It has previously been shown that the stimulation of MPS by an amino acid infusion declines rapidly after 2.5 h despite continued amino acid availability (6). The strategy we adopted to avoid this, of only providing nutrients for 2 h in each measurement period, may have overcome any tachyphylaxis of MPS to amino acid stimulation.
Nevertheless, the results of this study, like those of Phillips et al. (32), showed there was no significant difference in stimulation of MPS between muscles undergoing different modes of contraction. However, in these studies comparisons were made by using a model of resistance exercise that consisted of eight sets of eight repetitions of raising or lowering weights at 80% of up to one repetition, so that the amount of external work done was substantially less in the muscles lowering the weight, i.e., with lengthening contractions. Furthermore, the studies were carried out in two groups of mixed male and female subjects, with only four per group randomized to one of the two modes of exercise, and all were studied in the postabsorptive state. The rate of synthesis of mixed muscle, rather than that of the specific muscle subfractions, was measured. It does seem that the lack of a greater effect is not due to a lack of amino acid availability; instead, it may be due to a difference in the intensity of work done by the muscles of the two legs. When work is matched between legs operating while shortening or lengthening, it is possible to see a rapid increase in myofibrillar MPS after 4.5 h, and a greater area under the myofibrillar time curve over 8.5 h after lengthening compared with shortening contractions (29). In that study by Moore et al. (29), the shortening and lengthening exercise were carried out sequentially on the same day, with comparisons of rest and exercise on different days. Also, all of the measurements of rates of myofibrillar and collagen (but not sarcoplasmic) protein synthesis were made in the fed state. An alternative interpretation of the Moore study is that it may have been the provision of food, rather than the increased work done per se, that stimulated the greater response, because both factors were changed simultaneously. Also, the lengthening contractions were carried out first, and although the timing of the biopsies between legs was adjusted to account for the exercise time, some unknown systemic factor may have influenced the result, e.g., cytokines released differentially according to differential stress in the two modes.
The greater overall stimulation of MPS observed in our study relative to that seen in the study by Moore et al. (29), irrespective of contraction type, requires explanation. The total exercise time in the present study was much greater than in many previous resistance exercise studies (12 min total exercise vs. repetitions; see, e.g., Refs. 4, 12, 27, 32), and thus there would have been a greater turnover of ATP. The hypothesis of ATP turnover being an important determinant of the stimulation of MPS is supported by the preliminary results of another study by our group (9) in which exercise consisted of different intensities and duration. Despite these differences, the total work done was constant, and the exercise protocol stimulated MPS markedly. However, if a disturbance of muscle energy status is a major factor in stimulating the adaptive postexercise response, it might be expected that lengthening contractions would be less efficient at stimulating synthesis because of a greater energetic efficiency and a supposedly smaller perturbation in the ATP/ADP ratio. Recent studies have implicated AMP protein kinase in regulating mTOR activity, linking mTOR regulation with the energy status of the cell (16, 37). The results of the present study provide evidence against this idea because the extent of stimulation of MPS was identical, even though the likely internal energy cost, borne presumably by ATP hydrolysis, was less in the muscle of the lengthening leg. In the present study, we may simply have achieved some threshold value for total ATP turnover that resulted in the same total stimulation of MPS, irrespective of mode.
Skeletal muscle collagen synthesis increased rapidly after lengthening and shortening exercise. This response was greater in the lengthened leg 3 h after exercise, which is in contrast to the findings observed by Moore et al. (29) 4.5 h after exercise. It has been demonstrated that as sarcomeres lengthen, the collagen fibers are stretched into a linear confirmation (17), and during repeated lengthening contraction some sarcomeres are extended beyond the myofilament overlap (43). These sarcomeres then remain extended, which leaves the collagen fibers under increased tension. Therefore, even though less work is done in lengthening contractions, there may be greater tension in the extracellular matrix.
We have previously shown (33) that amino acids and resistance exercise have a synergistic effect on the stimulation of skeletal muscle protein synthesis. The synergism between amino acids and exercise on eIF4-BP1 and p70S6K activity that we (33, 34) and others (23) observe provides a plausible molecular mechanism for the enhanced effects of amino acids on MPS postexercise (4, 42). The results from the present study extend knowledge of the effects of feeding on postexercise increases in signaling protein phosphorylation and protein synthesis up to 24 h.
In addition, however, the results raise fascinating questions about the effects of different types of exercise, dose responses of anabolic signaling and MPS in relation to tension and duration of exercise, and the possible inhibitory effect of very intense exercise on MPS in the immediate postexercise period. Nevertheless, it seems clear that, even in the fed state, lengthening and shortening exercise carried out in conditions in which the amount of work done is not equalized, there is no difference in the responses of anabolic signaling activation and MPS.
This work was supported by grants to M. J. Rennie from the UK Medical Research Council, UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, US National Institute of Health (AR-49869), and The Wellcome Trust and European Community (EXEGENESIS Integrated Project) and to K. Esser from US National Institutes of Health (AR-45617).
We thank the subjects for their participation and the staff of the Clinical Measurement Suite of Ninewells Hospital for their help.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
- Copyright © 2006 by American Physiological Society


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text:
Listing Does Not Expire After A Week
Listings expire, but do not go away. They are still viewable in the listings page, even though I have the time duration set at "1 Week". Instead of a days listed after the 7 days have passed, it says "listing expires in ?? | " this in the bottom of the posting.
Is this an error on my part and my settings? Or is this a bug?
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Singapore homicide Inspector Singh investigates the murder of a wealthy expatriate lawyer.
The turban-wearing Singh is what I would call the Nero Wolfe of police procedurals. He is overweight. He is a genius at what he does. And he solves crimes by listening to people tell their stories.
One difference between Singh and Wolfe is that many people underestimate Singh's genius.
At one point Singh says, "I'm a student of human nature, young man—that is how I solve murders!"
In this book Singh investigates three murders, drug trafficking, embezzlement, and the personal lives of all the partners in the victim's law firm. He finds a host of suspects. In addition to all the partners, there are the victim's wife and ex-wife.
The Singapore School of Villainy has an underlying humor which makes it special. At one point, Singh's superior insists that he let a prominent drug user caught with cocain go free. The following exchange occurs--
"What if he killed Mark Thompson?"
"'That's another matter entirely,' Singh's superior said. 'It will show that no killer of an expatriate is immune from prosecution. Justice in Singapore is blind!'
"And incapable of irony, thought Singh, but he kept his mouth shut."
The humor is leavened with tragedy. Singh makes a mistake. It costs the life of an innocent man. Singh acknowledges that he will live with that mistake forever.
In this book, Singapore is more than just a geographic setting. It is a social milieu. Everything is based on social class. Most people base their decisions about you on whether you are gay or straight, a rich foreigner or a servant, prominent or left out.
Singh's wife is among the worst at that. She believes her "nephew" to be innocent until she finds out what she sees as a damning fact about him. Then she sees him as guilty.
Singh himself sees the hypocrisy of this approach. At one point, he says of the law firm, "Firm of lawyers, eh? More like a school of villainy..."
So this is a wonderful book. If you are not acquainted with Inspector Singh, you might want to look him up.
The dead become a dead weight and are left behind.
Singh strongly believed that until he knew the man he would not know his murderer.
"I will do whatever this job requires without letting misplaced prejudices determine my investigative methods, sir," said Singh stiffly.
Singapore is one of the last bastions of conservative society. It has an extremely vocal religious crowd—that's why homosexuality is still illegal in the first place. It's sort of like the "red" states in the United States, but without the liberals on the coast.
This case was like a kueh lapis—layer upon layer of secrets and lies.
I learned of this book from the blog Kittling: Books listed in the column on the right.


text:
Make Moves | 16x20 Canvas
Life is in motion. The world around us is ever moving and relentless in spirit. If you want to see and feel the desires of your heart spring forth in to life, standing still cannot be an option. Don't let your opportunities pass you by. Remind yourself, always, to Make Moves.


text:
Moon's magnetic personality explained
An ancient lunar magnetic field that came as a puzzle to planetary scientists may have been caused by interactions between the Earth and the Moon billions of years ago.
It has been known for some time that the Moon has no global magnetic field, so it was quite a surprise when Apollo astronauts retrieved lunar rocks which showed traces of magnetism. Studying the magnetic field of rocks, an area of science known as paleomagnetism, can help to discover the history of the Moon's magnetic field.
"Billions of years ago, when the rocks were cooling, they recorded the magnetic field which was present during the cooling process," explains Christina Dwyer of the University of California, Santa Cruz. "Today, these rocks are still magnetised, just like how more familiar magnets are still magnetised when they are at home stuck on my refrigerator, even though they were originally magnetised when they were at some factory."
The magnetic field of the Earth is caused by fluid motion of the molten outer core. This is due to the heat of the inner core driving convective motion. However, as the Moon is much smaller than the Earth, it has cooled down to the point where no such convective motion can occur. Even if an Earth-like dynamo existed on the Moon early in its lifetime, it wouldn't have lasted very long and the predicted magnetic field does not match that discovered in the lunar rocks. However, Dwyer and her colleagues have suggested a solution to this problem.
The Moon used to orbit much closer to the Earth than it does today. Just as the Moon causes tides on the Earth, the Earth can also influence the Moon. These tidal interactions caused the solid mantle of the Moon to rotate at a different rate than the liquid core. This differential rotation then stirred the liquid core into life, enabling it to induce a magnetic field.
The magnetic field eventually declined as the Moon drifted further from the Earth and shut down completely about 2.7 billion years ago. Paleomagnetic measurements could thus be used to find out more about the orbital evolution of the Moon early in its history.
It is possible the similar dynamos could have existed on other small bodies in the Solar System. "It's even possible that one of those magnetised planetesimals became the asteroid 4 Vesta, which we think is magnetised because we have meteorites which we think came from Vesta which are magnetised," Dwyer tells Skymania News. "We know that they weren't magnetised on Earth or during the time that they were falling through the Earth's atmosphere because the paleomagnetic analyses of these rocks show that they were magnetised before entry into the Earth's atmosphere."


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Kerio - Round Metallic Beaded Earrings
Looking for the perfect piece to accessorize any outfit but can't choose between gold or silver? Why not mix the two with̴Ì_Hippie Chic's round metallic beaded earrings. With gold, black and silver beaded detail, the tribal inspired Hippie Chic earrings are the must have accessory to complete your̴Ì_outfit.̴Ì_
The gold, black and silver beaded earrings feature a bold̴Ì_gold pendant in the centre that makes them an eye catching accessory, perfect when worn alone as a statement accessory but for even more try teaming these up with other bold gold statement pieces - perfect for any boho goddesses!
Details :
- Round style
- Beaded design
- Gold, black & silver colour scheme
- Statement gold pendant
- Fish hook fixture
- Length: 4 cm
We deliver worldwide from our UK based warehouse. See below for our postage pricing and estimated delivery times:
|Delivery Time
|Standard UK Delivery (Royal Mail)
|1-3 Days
|UK Next Working Day Delivery (Royal Mail Tracked 24)
|1 Day *
|European Delivery
|5-10 Days
|Rest Of The World Delivery
|7-21 Days
* All UK Next Working Day orders placed before 3.00pm (Monday-Thursday) will be dispatched the same day, subject to stock availability.
Orders placed using UK Next Working Day on Friday or Saturday will be dispatched the next working day.
Returns & Exchanges
Refunds can only be issued for items purchased directly from www.hippiechic.com. All other refunds would be issued by the reseller.
Free UK Returns
Hippie Chic offers a free returns service in the UK via Royal Mail. Visit our page and complete your details to generate a returns label - http://www.royalmail.com/track-my-return/create/500
As soon as your refund or exchange has been processed by our warehouse, we'll email you to let you know. Please allow up to 28 days for the process of your refund or exchange. All refunds will be made back to the payment card which was used to pay for the original order.
When an order is sent back, please help us by including the order number it relates to and whether you want a refund or an exchange. Without these details we won't be able to take the action you want us to.
Faulty Product Returns
All watches are supplied with a warranty period of 1 year from the date of purchase. This covers mechanical defects to the watch. Excluded are malfunctions resulting from accidents or negligence. This does not affect your statutory rights.
Returns and exchanges will only be processed if accompanied with proof of purchase. This includes all airline purchases and items bought through our resellers. All goods will be inspected on return and any item in unsuitable condition will be sent back to you.


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Had a dream, and want to know what it might mean
Lenovo Vibe Z smartphone was launched in November 2013. The phone comes with a 5.50-inch touchscreen display with a resolution of 1080 pixels by 1920 pixels at a PPI of 401 pixels per inch.
The Lenovo Vibe Z is powered by 2.2GHz quad-core Qualcomm Snapdragon 800 processor and it comes with 2GB of RAM. The phone packs 16GB of internal storage cannot be expanded. As far as the cameras are concerned, the Lenovo Vibe Z packs a 13-megapixel primary camera on the rear and a 5-megapixel front shooter for selfies.
The Lenovo Vibe Z runs Android 4.3 and is powered by a 3000mAh non removable battery. It measures 149.10 x 77.00 x 7.90 (height x width x thickness) and weigh 145.20 grams.
The Lenovo Vibe Z is a single SIM (GSM) smartphone that accepts a Micro-SIM. Connectivity options include Wi-Fi, GPS, Bluetooth, FM, 3G and 4G. Sensors on the phone include Compass Magnetometer, Proximity sensor, Accelerometer and Ambient light sensor.
How to download Dream Dictionary form Lenovo Vibe Z?
- Check the Android version to verify compatibility of Dream Dictionary with Lenovo Vibe Z.
Find Android version: go to "Settings" - "About the phone" - "Android version". Make sure Dream Dictionary is compatible with Lenovo Vibe Z.
- Click the download button to download Dream Dictionary in Lenovo Vibe Z.
- Once the download and installation are complete, find Dream Dictionary in your home screen and tap the icon to open it.
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Bryant High School was recently recognized for its computer science program by Governor Asa Hutchinson and representatives from the Arkansas Department of Education. During the 2016-17 school year, BHS had the highest number of students enrolled in computer science courses. As part of the
As part of the #ARKidsCanCode Enrollment Contest, BHS also received a donation of an Oculus Rift virtual reality headset.


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sparkle fairies
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This property has been removed by the agent. It may be sold or temporarily removed from the market
2 bedroom flat for saleEwart Court, Hadfield, Glossop, Derbyshire, SK13
Property Description
Full description
Offering a fantastic opportunity to purchase this two bedroom apartment, ideal for first time buyers. The development itself is situated close to the centre of Hadfield which offers a good range of retail establishments and commuter links. The property comprises of two well proportioned bedrooms, an open plan lounge, kitchen area and dining room with Juliet balcony and a good sized bathroom/WC. No Onward Chain. EPC C
We are available until 8.30pm weekdays and 10 - 4pm weekends, please phone or email to arrange a viewing.
Great opportunity for first time buyers to purchase this spacious top floor purpose built apartment. Forming part of the new wing and enjoying fine views from the lounge area, the property has intercom access to the entrance lobby with three flights of stairs to balcony access.
Private entrance hallway with built in storage, bright and roomy combined living space with open plan kitchen, lounge with Juliet balcony and dining area, two double bedrooms and modern bathroom/WC. The property is centrally heated and presented to a modern style and design.
Externally there is allocated parking to the central courtyard.
Situated close the centre of Hadfield, the apartment provides the commuter with a regular rail service to Manchester Piccadilly and a range of shopping facilities catering for most needs. The area is situated close to country walks and stunning drives.
Accommodation -
Communal Entrance - Secure entry via phone system
Entrance Hallway -
Open Plan Living Accommodation - 27'9" x 12'3" (8.46m x 3.73m) - Incorporating lounge and dining area with double french doors leading to a Juliet balcony offering stunning views over the countryside. The kitchen area comprises of a range of beech effect base and wall units with contrasting work surface over, stainless steel sink and drainer, tiled splashbacks, integrated low level oven, four ring gas hob with extractor over.
Bedroom One - 11'7" x 11'3 (3.53m x 3.43m) -
Bedroom Two - 10'5" x 10'2" (3.18m x 3.10m) -
Bathroom Wc - Modern white suite incorporating panelled bath with shower attachment, low level WC, pedestal wash hand basin, tiled splachbacks.
All mains services are connected
More information from this agent
To view this media, please visit the on-line version of this page at www.rightmove.co.uk/property-for-sale/property-62467547.html
Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs)
To view this media, please visit the on-line version of this page at www.rightmove.co.uk/property-for-sale/property-62467547.html
Listing History
Map & Street View
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Market Info
Disclaimer - Property reference 26562846. The information displayed about this property comprises a property advertisement. Rightmove.co.uk makes no warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of the advertisement or any linked or associated information, and Rightmove has no control over the content. This property advertisement does not constitute property particulars. The information is provided and maintained by Ryder & Dutton, Glossop. Please contact the selling agent or developer directly to obtain any information which may be available under the terms of The Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) (England and Wales) Regulations 2007 or the Home Report if in relation to a residential property in Scotland.
Map data ©OpenStreetMap contributors.


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The biggest question asked by many writers is 'how to write an essay?' Essay writing is an activity which requires appropriate knowledge and understanding. [Descriptive Essay:]. Descriptive Writing by Bernadette Guevarra;. Persuasive/Argumentative Writing by Fe Briones.
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Put some more money in the therapy fund
If How to Traumatize Your Children had been available when I remarried, I totally would've bought it as a wedding present for my husband. I think it would've been a fitting welcome to (step)parenthood for him, and I also plan to give it as a shower gift to every less-than-confident parent-to-be from now on. Sure, it's just a little jokey gift book–it is from the Self-Hurt Series, after all. But it's so much more; a great reminder that we survived all of our parents' mistakes and our children will survive ours. Probably. With therapy. The 1950s-style illustrations of various...Read More


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Andrea Němcová
Další nápady od uživatele Andrea
Nice outfit. I wouldn't be able to stand a large cuff bracelet like that though. It would get in my way. For fall, I'd probably want a more "fall" color pant. That light blue makes me think spring.
Tory Burch Viv Flat | if I have to wear flats I want them to be cute like these.
Spring / Easter wreaths
ριηтεяεsт: ☆QWE3NB/βrιттany☆ Nike
10 Super Cool Gym Outfits for Women- Workout Clothes | Outfit Trends | Outfit Trends
This is why I like Nike so much they have tha best work out clothing
tulip centerpiece....
Flower Mobile - Paper Daisy Mobile Inspired by Pottery Barn Kids for Nursery, Baby or Kids Decor
Spring Wreath Wreath for Spring Door Wreaths by OurSentiments, $70.00
How to grow flowers in a glass! This looks beautiful and seems easy enough!


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Mrs. Pittman's tweets
Made this real quick to assess my 2nd grade students on searching skills. I needed something to see whether they really understand how to search for books or not. We will see how it goes. There are five different printables so that all the students are not searching in the same place. Hope you can use this as well!
Click HERE to Link to the printable!
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Jen Clyde is an amazing stylist out of Utah who has featured some of our favorite products. We were so excited last month to not only see our Rider Aztec Sweater featured in Lucky Magazine, but to see it on ABC4 Utah AND on Jen's Instagram. Don't miss the chance to snag your Rider by clicking HERE, and check out Jen on Instagram by searching @jenstyles
Wednesday, January 2, 2013
Lucky Mag Feature: The Rider
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