text:
|Home | About | Journals | Submit | Contact Us | Français
Background: Concerns for arsenic exposure are not limited to toxic waste sites and massive poisoning events. Chronic exposure continues to be a major public health problem worldwide, affecting hundreds of millions of persons.
Objectives: We reviewed recent information on worldwide concerns for arsenic exposures and public health to heighten awareness of the current scope of arsenic exposure and health outcomes and the importance of reducing exposure, particularly during pregnancy and early life.
Methods: We synthesized the large body of current research pertaining to arsenic exposure and health outcomes with an emphasis on recent publications.
Discussion: Locations of high arsenic exposure via drinking water span from Bangladesh, Chile, and Taiwan to the United States. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level (MCL) in drinking water is 10 µg/L; however, concentrations of > 3,000 µg/L have been found in wells in the United States. In addition, exposure through diet is of growing concern. Knowledge of the scope of arsenic-associated health effects has broadened; arsenic leaves essentially no bodily system untouched. Arsenic is a known carcinogen associated with skin, lung, bladder, kidney, and liver cancer. Dermatological, developmental, neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular, immunological, and endocrine effects are also evident. Most remarkably, early-life exposure may be related to increased risks for several types of cancer and other diseases during adulthood.
Conclusions: These data call for heightened awareness of arsenic-related pathologies in broader contexts than previously perceived. Testing foods and drinking water for arsenic, including individual private wells, should be a top priority to reduce exposure, particularly for pregnant women and children, given the potential for life-long effects of developmental exposure.
Ongoing exposures to toxic chemicals such as arsenic continue to pose a significant threat to public health. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that > 200 million persons worldwide might be chronically exposed to arsenic in drinking water at concentrations above the WHO safety standard of 10 µg/L (WHO 2008) (Table 1). Arsenic is a metalloid element that is encountered primarily as arsenical compounds. Within these compounds, arsenic occurs in different valence states, the most common of which are AsIII (arsenites) and AsV (arsenates). Arsenic in drinking water is typically found in the inorganic form, either as AsIII or AsV, whereas arsenic in food is found in the organic and inorganic forms, depending on the specific food [Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) 2007; European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) 2009] Sources of arsenic contamination include natural deposits as well as anthropogenic sources such as mining and electronics manufacturing processes and metal smelting (ATSDR 2007).
Arsenic holds the highest ranking on the current U.S. ATSDR 2011 substance priority list (ATSDR 2011b) (Table 2). ATSDR ranks chemicals using an algorithm that translates potential public health hazards into a points-scaled system based on the frequency of occurrence at National Priority List (NPL) Superfund sites as well as toxicity and potential for human exposure. Arsenic tops the list in spite of the fact that this ranking does not include full consideration of exposure from drinking water, diet, copper-chromated arsenic-treated wood, coal- and wood-burning stoves, arsenical pesticides, and homeopathic remedies (ATSDR 2007, 2011b; Akter et al. 2005; EFSA 2009; Rose et al. 2007). Therefore, the threat to human health posed by arsenic is even greater than its top ATSDR ranking would suggest. In regard to toxicity, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) defines arsenic as a Group I known human carcinogen that also induces a wide array of other noncancer effects, leaving essentially no bodily system free from potential harm (ATSDR 2007; IARC 2012; National Research Council 2001; WHO 2008).
Here we synthesize the large body of current research pertaining to arsenic exposure and health effects and emphasize the broadening scope of predicted and observed impacts of arsenic on public health. Understanding the wide range of these impacts drives home the importance of testing drinking-water sources and monitoring foods for arsenic. Whereas municipalities test public drinking-water sources, private wells can go untested. Recent data also raise concerns for arsenic exposure via foods including rice and organic brown rice syrup [Davis et al. 2012; EFSA 2009; Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 2012; Gilbert-Diamond et al. 2011; Jackson et al. 2012] as well as chicken feather meal products that are used in the human food system (Nachman et al. 2012).
Even as assessments of dietary exposure continue to unfold, drinking water remains a major concern for arsenic exposure. There are known, large-scale drinking-water contamination problems in countries such as Bangladesh (Ahsan et al. 2006; Argos et al. 2010, 2012; Smith et al. 2000b). However, chronic arsenic exposure is a concern in many parts of the world (Table 1). For example, arsenic concentrations in drinking water from some private wells in the United States are as high as 3,100 µg/L, which is in the range of the highest concentrations reported in Bangladesh (Nielsen et al. 2010; Yang et al. 2009). Yet detection of arsenic contamination even at these high levels remains problematic because it is tasteless, colorless, and odorless.
Given the large number of studies that address the broad range of information provided here, it is impractical to include all pertinent studies. Rather, we present a synthesis of information and cite recent studies that help illustrate the breadth and scope of the problems. When available, we cite current reviews that can serve as a resource for a more complete listing of relevant resources, most often focusing on single health issues such as cardiovascular disease (States et al. 2009). Detailed discussions of arsenic exposure and health effects can be found elsewhere (ATSDR 2007; EFSA 2009; Gibb et al. 2011; States et al. 2011).
As awareness of arsenic exposure increases, so should knowledge of its health effects because the impact of chronic arsenic exposure on public health is substantial. In addition to skin lesions and skin cancer (ATSDR 2011a; Sengupta et al. 2008; Smith et al. 2000a), neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular, and developmental effects and more are linked to chronic arsenic exposure (Table 3) (Argos et al. 2012; Smith and Steinmaus 2009; States et al. 2011). Acute poisonings still occur but are uncommon (Bronstein et al. 2011). Arsenic renders its toxicity via numerous mechanisms: Arsenic is genotoxic and has multiple effects on cellular signaling, cellular proliferation, DNA structure, epigenetic regulation, and apoptosis (Flora 2011; Ren et al. 2011; States et al. 2011).
A wealth of data comes from ongoing epidemiological studies of large populations exposed to a wide range of arsenic levels in drinking water in regions such as Taiwan, Bangladesh, Chile, India, and Argentina (Ahsan et al. 2006; Argos et al. 2012; Chen CL et al. 2010a; Smith et al. 2011; Yuan et al. 2010). In Taiwan, a stable population in an arsenic-endemic region had been exposed to arsenic via drinking water since the 1900s [Chen CJ et al. 1988b, 1992; Gibb et al. 2011; Tseng 1977; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2001; Wu et al. 1989]. In Bangladesh, tube wells were dug in the 1970s as a source of drinking water to avoid microbial contamination, only to later learn that the tube wells are contaminated with naturally occurring arsenic (Smith et al. 2000b). Researchers established a cohort in Bangladesh with over 10,000 persons enrolled as part of the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS) (Ahsan et al. 2006; Argos et al. 2012). Researchers are also studying a population in Chile where some cities were exposed to high concentrations of arsenic for a defined, limited period of time (1958–1971), at which point, systems were installed to remove arsenic from drinking water (Biggs et al. 1998). This population is particularly well suited for studies related to latency periods for chronic diseases and susceptibility during development (Dauphine et al. 2011; Liaw et al. 2008; Marshall et al. 2007; Yuan et al. 2010). Major findings from these cohorts and other studies are described in the following sections.
In light of accumulated research, there is increasing awareness that arsenic exposure might be affecting more persons and contributing to more chronic disease than previously thought. In the HEALS cohort, approximately 21.4% of all deaths and 23.5% of deaths associated with chronic disease could be attributed to arsenic at > 10 µg/L in drinking water (Argos et al. 2010). Here we present an overview and synthesis of recent information on worldwide concerns for arsenic exposures and public health. The enormity of potential public health impacts is striking. Given this potential, testing and remediating arsenic in drinking water at the level of single private wells and reducing dietary exposure are critical to protecting public health.
Arsenic exposure is a major environmental public health concern worldwide and a primary concern for exposure is via drinking water (Table 1). The WHO and Australia set or confirmed a guideline level of 10 μg/L for arsenic in drinking water in 2008 and 2011, respectively (National Health and Medical Research Council 2011; WHO 2008). The U.S. EPA promulgated that it lowered the maximum contaminant level (MCL) from 50 μg/L to 10 μg/L, effective in 2002 (U.S. EPA 2001). In many developing countries, including Bangladesh, 50 μg/L is still the commonly adopted guideline, primarily because of difficulties in remediating arsenic below that level (WHO 2008). The excess cancer risk associated with lifetime arsenic exposure at water concentrations of > 10 µg/L is approximately 1 in 300, which is 30–300 times higher than the cancer risks estimated for exposure to other known carcinogens in drinking water at concentrations equal to current U.S. drinking-water standards (Smith et al. 2002).
What is the extent of chronic exposure via drinking water? The answer varies greatly depending on regional and local sources of arsenic (Table 1). For example, in Maine, the U.S. Geological Survey reported that 18.4% of wells tested had > 10 µg/L arsenic and estimated that 24,000–44,000 households might be affected (Nielsen et al. 2010). A recent study predicted that 42.7% of the area of aquifers in the southwestern United States has arsenic concentrations of ≥ 10 µg/L, although portions of these areas are in remote regions (Anning et al. 2012). Of 63,000 wells tested in North Carolina, 1,436 (2.3%) had arsenic concentrations of > 10 µg/L with a maximum of 806 µg/L (Sanders et al. 2012). In comparison, in Bangladesh in 1998, shortly after discovery of arsenic contamination, it was estimated that up to 94% of tube wells in certain regions and 35% of all wells in the country contained > 50 µg/L arsenic (Smith et al. 2000b). In Chile, San Pedro de Atacama drew most of its public drinking water from the Vilama River, which contained approximately 600–680 µg/L arsenic, and some homes with no public supply drew water from the San Pedro River, which contained 170 µg/L; in contrast, a town 40 km away had an average drinking-water arsenic concentration of 15 µg/L (Hopenhayn-Rich et al. 1996).
Testing is required to determine whether a given source of drinking water has high levels of arsenic. Even if the local municipality does not test private wells for arsenic, test kits are available worldwide through local municipalities, public health offices, and commercial sources accessible via the Internet (Water Quality Association 2012; Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection 2011). Hot spots of arsenic contamination of drinking-water sources can occur because of proximity to naturally occurring arsenic found in certain types of bedrock and sediments as well as proximity to hazardous waste sites. Therefore, drinking-water sources with high arsenic concentrations can exist in very close proximity to sources with low arsenic concentrations, with differences noted even in neighboring individual wells.
Another source of growing concern for arsenic exposure is through diet. For persons with limited exposure to arsenic via drinking water, diet is the major source of exposure (EFSA 2009). Rice, organic rice syrup, fruits, juices, and other grains can contain significant amounts of arsenic (FDA 2012; Jackson et al. 2012; Norton et al. 2012). Furthermore, rice consumption has been shown to be associated with urinary arsenic levels in pregnant women and children (Davis et al. 2012; Gilbert-Diamond et al. 2011). Because of their level of consumption of rice products, children < 3 years of age are estimated to have the greatest exposures to arsenic via diet (EFSA 2009).
Dermatological effects. Cutaneous lesions are one of the best-known clinical manifestations of chronic arsenic exposure and can occur within months or after several years of exposure (Das and Sengupta 2008; WHO 2005). Clinical photos of different types of arsenic-associated lesions are shown in Figure 1. Melanosis (hyperpigmentation) is considered an early and more common manifestation (Figure 1A), whereas keratosis (Figure 1B) is considered a sensitive marker of more advanced stages of arsenicosis (Das and Sengupta 2008; Sengupta et al. 2008). Leucomelanosis (hypopigmentation) also occurs but less frequently than melanosis or keratosis. Arsenic-related melanosis can be diffuse or patchy, or exhibit a distinctive "rain drop" pattern, and these lesions often appear on the trunk of the body. Keratotic lesions tend to appear mainly on the palms and soles. Sudden increases in the size of keratotic lesions, or cracks or bleeding of lesions, suggest malignant transformation—often to squamous cell carcinoma (Figure 1C,D). Analyses of numerous epidemiological studies of skin lesions suggest that most persons with skin lesions had consumed water with arsenic concentrations of > 100 µg/L, although lesions have been reported at arsenic concentrations of < 50 µg/L (Argos et al. 2011; Smith and Steinmaus 2009). Nutritional, economic, and smoking status are contributing factors for susceptibility to skin lesions as are sex and age, with a greater prevalence of skin lesions in older men (Pierce et al. 2010). A recent report from the HEALS prospective study found that the risk of skin lesions did not decrease after reducing exposure for up to several years (Argos et al. 2011). Therefore, lesions can appear several years after exposure diminishes. The vast majority of exposed individuals (even with high levels of chronic exposure) will not develop skin lesions but are still at risk of arsenic-related skin and internal cancers and other noncancer diseases (Argos et al. 2010; Chen Y et al. 2011; Parvez et al. 2010).
Arsenic exposure and cancer. Arsenic is a known carcinogen in skin, lung, bladder, liver, and kidney, with evidence suggesting lung cancer is the most common cause of arsenic-related mortality (IARC 2012; National Toxicology Program 2011). Skin cancer has long been associated with chronic arsenic exposure (ATSDR 2007; Yu et al. 2006). Squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen's disease; Figure 1C), invasive squamous cell carcinoma (Figure 1D), and basal cell carcinoma (Figure 1E) are the most common types of skin cancer associated with chronic arsenic exposure. Studies from arsenic-endemic regions of Taiwan revealed that the overall prevalence of skin cancer was 10.6 per 1,000 persons and was associated with increased arsenic drinking-water concentrations (Tseng 1977) and increased urinary concentrations of certain arsenic metabolites (Tseng 2007). In the United States, where arsenic exposure is generally lower, significantly increased risks for squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas occurred in individuals in the top 97th percentile of toenail arsenic concentrations (Karagas et al. 2001), particularly among individuals carrying susceptible genotypes for the nucleotide excision repair genes (Applebaum et al. 2007).
Chronic arsenic exposure is also associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (IARC 2012). In the Chilean cohort that was exposed to high arsenic concentrations in drinking water (> 850 µg/L) for a limited period of time (1958–1971), the peak mortality rate ratio (MRR) for lung cancer was highest at 3.61 (95% CI: 3.13, 4.16) for men in 1992–1994 (Table 4), suggesting a 34- to 36-year latency period (Marshall et al. 2007). Arsenic is carcinogenic in the lung regardless of oral or inhalation pathways of exposure, and it is well established that lung cancer is associated with exposure to > 100 µg/L arsenic in drinking water. However, it is unclear whether such an association exists for exposure to < 100 µg/L arsenic (Chen CL et al. 2010a; Heck et al. 2009; Putila and Guo 2011; Smith et al. 2009; Steinmaus et al. 2010).
Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that arsenic exposure can increase cancer risks in other organs. Increased risk of bladder cancer is significantly associated with increasing arsenic exposure, particularly with longer exposure periods (> 40 years) and higher drinking-water concentrations (> 600 µg/L) (Chen CJ et al. 1992; Chen CL et al. 2010b; Chiou et al. 2001; Gibb et al. 2011; Marshall et al. 2007). For kidney cancer, mortality rates increased in a dose-dependent manner for drinking-water concentrations ranging from 170 to 800 µg/L in Taiwan (Chen CJ et al. 1988a); the MRRs at 800 µg/L were 196 for men and 37.0 for women. Results from other studies in Taiwan support this finding (Smith et al. 1992). More studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to evaluate associations at drinking-water concentrations of < 100 µg/L.
A causal association between arsenic exposure and liver cancer, particularly liver angiosarcoma, was suspected as early as 1957, and several studies have substantiated that suspicion (e.g., Liaw et al. 2008; Smith et al. 1992). A number of studies from the Taiwan cohort have demonstrated increases in liver cancer deaths with increasing concentrations of arsenic in drinking water. For example, a significant dose-dependent linear trend in MRRs for liver cancer was reported with increasing arsenic concentrations in drinking water ranging from 170 to 800 µg/L (Chen CJ et al. 1988a; Wu et al. 1989). Links between arsenic exposure and liver cancer have also been supported by other reports (Chen CL et al. 2010b; Chen and Ahsan 2004; Chiu et al. 2004; Liaw et al. 2008; Morales et al. 2000). Taking epidemiological, rodent, and in vitro studies together, the evidence shows that the liver is a target organ of arsenic carcinogenicity (Liu and Waalkes 2008).
Other effects on multiple bodily systems. A multitude of other health effects are linked to chronic arsenic exposure. These arsenic-associated health problems affect nearly every major organ and organ system in the body (Table 3). A comprehensive review of the literature for these effects is beyond the scope of this review; therefore, this section addresses the broad range of harmful effects of arsenic in the human body and makes apparent the impact of arsenic-contaminated drinking water on public health. Taken together, the body of data drives home the critical importance of monitoring for arsenic in food sources and drinking-water sources, including private wells.
Significant neurological impairments are evident in children and adults who exhibit impaired cognitive abilities and motor functions after arsenic exposure (Chen Y et al. 2009; Dong and Su 2009; Gong et al. 2011; Hamadani et al. 2011; Parvez et al. 2011; Vahidnia et al. 2007; Wasserman et al. 2004, 2007). Cognitive impairments were observed in children at 6 and 10 years of age (Wasserman et al. 2004, 2007). One recent study reported impairments in verbal and full-scale IQ in girls but not boys (Hamadani et al. 2011). In adults, arsenic exposure in drinking water is linked to significantly lower scores on tests of cognitive ability as well as lower education levels (Gong et al. 2011). Peripheral neuropathy and painful muscle spasms are also known to occur with arsenic exposure (Sengupta et al. 2008; Vahidnia et al. 2007).
In addition to lung cancer, chronic arsenic exposure is associated with other respiratory system effects. Mortality from pulmonary tuberculosis was increased in arsenic-exposed individuals in the Chilean cohort (Smith et al. 2011). In the same cohort, increased mortality from bronchiectasis was significant for those exposed to arsenic during early life with a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of 50.1 (Table 4) (Smith et al. 2006). Reduced forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity is associated with early-life exposure to arsenic, with a magnitude of reduction similar to smoking throughout adulthood (Dauphine et al. 2011). Other respiratory symptoms include chronic cough, blood in the sputum, and other breathing problems (Parvez et al. 2010).
The cardiovascular system is affected in several ways by arsenic (Abhyankar et al. 2012; Chen Y et al. 2009, 2011; States et al. 2009; Yuan et al. 2007). Cardiovascular effects include carotid atherosclerosis (Huang et al. 2009) and ischemic heart disease (Abhyankar et al. 2012; Chen Y et al. 2011; States et al. 2009). Furthermore, an association between hypertension and arsenic exposure is evident in some studies, and additional larger studies are needed to substantiate the link (Abhyankar et al. 2012; Abir et al. 2012).
Immune system effects of arsenic exposure are evident in several contexts. Effects include altered immune-related gene expression and cytokine production in lymphocytes (Andrew et al. 2008; Morzadec et al. 2012) and in lung (Lantz et al. 2007). Arsenic is significantly associated with increased infant morbidity from infectious diseases (Rahman et al. 2010b). Furthermore, maternal urinary arsenic during pregnancy is significantly associated with increased inflammation and reduced numbers of T cells as well as altered cytokine profiles in cord blood (Ahmed et al. 2011) and reduced thymic function in infants (Ahmed et al. 2012).
Multiple endocrine effects of arsenic exposure are suggested from studies in human and animal studies. These include affecting hormone regulation via the retinoic acid, thyroid hormone, and estrogen receptors (Barr et al. 2009; Davey et al. 2007, 2008; Ettinger et al. 2009; Smith and Steinmaus 2009; Watson and Yager 2007). Increased occurrence of diabetes is also linked to arsenic exposure, particularly at higher doses and with exposure periods of > 10 years (Chen CJ et al. 2007; Del Razo et al. 2011; Islam et al. 2012; Jovanovic et al. 2012).
Genetic and nutritional factors in susceptibility. The variety of biological systems often simultaneously affected by arsenic is further complicated by varied individual susceptibilities to its toxic effects. For example, interindividual variation in the ability to methylate arsenic is associated with differential susceptibility to the effects of arsenic exposure (Hall and Gamble 2012; Steinmaus et al. 2010). Genetic polymorphisms have also been shown to be a contributing factor (Agusa et al. 2012; Ahsan et al. 2007; Applebaum et al. 2007; Argos et al. 2012; Pierce et al. 2012; Porter et al. 2010; Reichard and Puga 2010). A recent large, comprehensive genome-wide association study identified specific genetic variations associated with risk for skin lesions as well as differences in arsenic metabolism (Pierce et al. 2012). Evidence is also building that nutritional factors, notably folate, appear to play an important role in arsenic methylation and elimination (Basu et al. 2011; Chen Y et al. 2009; Gamble et al. 2007; Hall and Gamble 2012; Pilsner et al. 2009). For example, low folate and hyperhomocysteinemia are associated with increased risk of skin lesions (Pilsner et al. 2009). Together, current information about arsenic metabolism across individuals sheds light on possibilities for new strategies for the prevention and amelioration of the toxicity of arsenic.
Susceptibility during development and long-term latency. Adverse pregnancy and developmental outcomes are associated with early-life exposure to arsenic (Vahter 2008). Arsenic exposure is significantly associated with increased infant mortality and, in some studies, increased spontaneous abortion and stillbirth (Milton et al. 2005; Rahman et al. 2010a; von Ehrenstein et al. 2006) as well as reduced birth weight (Rahman et al. 2009). Early-life arsenic exposure is also associated with neurological impairments in children (Hamadani et al. 2011; Parvez et al. 2011; Wasserman et al. 2004, 2007). For example, motor function in children, as well as verbal and full-scale IQ in girls, are both inversely associated with arsenic exposure (Hamadani et al. 2011; Parvez et al. 2011). Prenatal exposure also affects the developing immune system. Maternal urinary arsenic concentrations are associated with increased inflammation as well as altered cytokine profiles in cord blood and reduced thymus size and function in newborns (Ahmed et al. 2011, 2012). Altered immune responses are consistent with the observation of increased risk for lower respiratory infections and diarrhea in infants with increasing arsenic exposure (Rahman et al. 2010b).
The impacts of early-life arsenic exposure can continue into adulthood (Vahter 2008). Exposure during pregnancy and childhood is associated with an increased occurrence and/or severity of lung disease, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in childhood and later in life, with evidence of decades-long latency periods for these health conditions (Table 4) (Dauphine et al. 2011; Liaw et al. 2008; Marshall et al. 2007; Smith et al. 2011; Yuan et al. 2010). Childhood liver cancer MRRs were 9–14 times higher for those exposed as young children as compared with controls (Liaw et al. 2008). Other reports of latency periods extending over 50 years include skin cancer (Haque et al. 2003), urinary cancers (Bates et al. 2004; Chen CL et al. 2010b; Marshall et al. 2007; Su et al. 2011), and lung cancer (Marshall et al. 2007; Su et al. 2011). For example, peak SMRs for childhood liver cancer and bronchiectasis were 14.1 and 50.1 times higher, respectively, for individuals exposed to arsenic in utero and during childhood as compared with individuals exposed during other periods of their lives (Table 4) (Smith et al. 2006). Bladder cancer mortality peaked 25–36 years from the initiation of exposure (Marshall et al. 2007), and kidney cancer MRR peaked 21–25 years from initiation of exposure and was highest for women (Yuan et al. 2010). Regarding noncancer health effects, early-life arsenic exposure is associated with increased adult mortality from pulmonary tuberculosis (Smith et al. 2011), bronchiectasis (Smith et al. 2006), and myocardial infarction (Yuan et al. 2007).
Together the data indicate a sensitivity during development to health effects that can be long lasting and latent for > 50 years. The implications are profound and make it clear that every effort should be made to prevent exposure of pregnant women, women of childbearing age, infants, and children to arsenic in order to prevent a multitude of health effects, particularly cancer, later in life.
Environmental health issues are not limited to toxic waste sites and poisoning events: some deleterious exposures come from naturally occurring substances, such as arsenic often found in drinking water. Arsenic affects multiple biological systems, sometimes years or decades after exposure reductions. Studies that reveal the complex nature of the origins and toxicity of arsenic highlight the importance of heightened awareness of arsenic-related health effects in broader contexts than previously perceived. In spite of current efforts, over 200 million persons globally are at risk of arsenic exposure at levels of concern for human health. Although specific regulatory levels might be debatable, all would agree that minimizing arsenic exposure is the best solution, especially prenatal and early-life exposure. Therefore, testing drinking water for arsenic is particularly important for pregnant women and women of childbearing age, given the potential for neurological and other lifelong effects of early-life exposure. The return on the investment can be substantial when measured in the reduced incidence of chronic disease and reduced rates of cancer worldwide.
M.F.N. is supported through a contract with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Superfund Research Program (SRP) (contract GS-OOF-0001S, Health and Human Services order CR700013). H.A. is supported by National Institutes of Health and NIEHS SRP grants P42ES10349, RO1CA107431, and RO1CA102484. J.G. is supported by NIEHS SRP grant P42ES10349.
The authors declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


text:
I am a helpless case. I always fall in love every now and then. I am in love again! This time with Poetry. A particular genre of poetry popularly known as 'Spoken Word'.
Tag Archives: Love
The Ultimate Expression of Love
It is common knowledge that one cannot say he/she has loved with out giving. Love* is expressed in giving and the ultimate gift one can offer is one's self/life. God expressed this kind of love towards us by giving himself – Christ – as a ransom for our lives; indeed, He did not love us because we loved him first, but while we were yet in sin He died for us. This is pure unadulterated love.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Radley Paper Trail Cosmetic Bag
Product Category: Accessories
- NewKeeping you up to date with all the latest trends.
- Travel retail exclusive.
Product Description
Designed exclusively for travel retail by Radley, the Paper Trail oilskin small pouch is ideal for taking on your travels. It features a charming all-over print of paper boats, aeroplanes and Radley's iconic Scottie dogs. It's finished with a nylon lining and a branded plaque.


text:
Rebecca Seidel Storck, daughter of Lauren and John Storck of Belmont, Mass., was married on Saturday, Sept. 23, 2000, to Christopher Piper Burd, son of Nancy and Donald Burd of Manchester, Vt., formerly of Bernardsville.
Justice of the Peace Susan Anderson of Arlington, Mass., performed the ceremony at the Swiss Haute Inn in Egremont, Mass.
The bride graduated from the American School in London, Milton Academy and Connecticut College, New London, Conn. She is a web producer at Forrester Research, Inc., in Cambridge, Mass. Her father is a professor at Boston University. Her mother is a clinical instructor at Harvard Medical School and in private practice in Belmont, Mass.
The bridegroom graduated from Bernards High School, Bernardsville, and Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa. He is a marketing communications specialist with eBusiness Technologies in Providence, R.I. His parents, now retired, are the former owners of the Inn at Ormsby Hill, Manchester, Mass.
After a wedding trip to Hawaii, the couple is at home in Belmont.


text:
The Makers Market and Workshops
OPEN PAINT - Tues., Thurs. & Sats. In August - 10am to 3pm
NEW Open Workshop Hours!!
REGISTER BY PHONE 941.216.3384 Walk-ins are welcome (depending on seating availability)
Ages 6 and Up (no Drop-offs, Adults must accompany children)
Registration is not available online
Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays in July from 10am to 3pm (1pm is latest start time)
- No Registration Required - Walk-in's are welcome, but we encourage you to register by calling ahead *941.216.3384 for seating arrangements to save your spot. We will reserve your seats and time, we make reservations for 10am, 12pm. If you are more than 15 mins late, your reservation will be forfeited, and will be treated as a walk-in.
- Seating is Limited to 10 people at a time in the workshop. If you have a large group (over 4 people), please call ahead for availability
- Everyone entering the workshop area must register for a project, as seating is limited.
- Each Person will be limited to 2 hrs. in the workshop area
Pricing and Projects
- 12" x 16" Plank Wood Sign
- Adults $35.00
- $30.00 (without adult project purchased)
- 1st Child $25.00 (with adult project)
- 2nd Child $20.00 (with adult project)
- Lots of design options to choose from at the studio.
- Unfortunately, we are unable to offer personalized or custom designs.


text:
By Marjorie Satinsky, MA, MBA
To briefly review…Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) are provider-based organizations that assume the responsibility for meeting the healthcare needs of a defined population. They coordinate the treatment of patients across the continuum of care, and there's an opportunity for participating providers to share financial gains and losses that are compared to benchmark data. ACOs target the Medicare population. Less important than this particular program is the underlying concept – that of shifting to value-based purchasing by both public and private payers. ACOs are just one brand of what will be many programs that have similar goals for defined populations, not necessarily Medicare beneficiaries.
The Final Rule made important changes to the ACO program. We've listed ten of them. The list is not exhaustive, so if you want to know more, refer to the CMS website information.
Entities that are eligible to apply to CMS to qualify as an ACO and to participate in it now include Rural Health Clinics (RHCs) and Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) as well as professionals in group practice arrangements, individual practices of ACO professionals that form a network, partnerships or joint ventures between hospitals and ACO professionals, hospitals that employ ACO professionals, and certain critical access hospitals.
The Final Rule offers ACOs a choice of two tracks, only one of which involves risk. Under Track 1, which is called a one-sided model, ACOs share savings for the full term of the initial agreement period and may earn up to 50% of the savings based on quality performance. There's a ceiling on the payment amount of the savings – 10% of the applicable year's Part A and Part B updated benchmark. ACOs that begin participation under Track 1 and decide to continue participation in the program beyond the term of the first agreement must switch to Track 2.
Track 2 is a two-sided model that requires ACOs to share in both savings and losses. ACOs that begin the program under Track 2 and continue participation remain in Track 2. These ACOs can share in a higher percentage of savings – 60% – and their payment ceiling is 15% of the applicable year's Part A and Part B updated benchmark. There's a Minimum Loss Rate (MLR) of 2%, and a flat 2% Minimum Savings Rate (MSR) for these ACOs. Once an ACO achieves or exceeds the MSR, it can share in first dollar savings – a change requested by many critics of the Proposed Rule. For Track 2 ACOs, there's no change in the three year phasing in of any losses.
For 2012, the first year of the Shared Savings Program, CMS offered two application start dates, April 1, 2012 and July 1, 2012. ACOs that started in 2012 have agreement periods that terminate at the end of 2015. CMS made this change with several goals in mind. The addition of a second start date allowed ACOs to apply when ready. The new timing also meant that ACOs could immediately begin to receive historical and quarterly data and information on prospective beneficiaries assigned to them. They therefore had a better understanding of the population assigned to them than they would have had under the Proposed Rule. ACOs that begin in 2012 are eligible to receive PQRS financial incentive payments for each calendar year in which they fully and completely report the Group Practice Reporting Option (GPRO) measures. Thus they have the opportunity to gain some working capital right away. CMS's final goal with this change was to prevent beneficiary double counting in those geographic areas with more than one ACO.
The Final Rule corrects several objectionable features of assigning beneficiaries to ACOs based only on allowed charges for primary care services provided by physicians in internal medicine, general practice, family practice, or geriatric medicine. The new process for assigning beneficiaries recognizes the role of specialists and certain non-physician primary care providers (e.g. nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, and physician assistants) in providing primary care for some beneficiaries.
CMS also added a feature to beneficiary assignment to ACOs. The new methodology includes preliminary prospective assignment with final retrospective reconciliation. The Proposed Rule featured only prospective assignment, making it difficult for ACOs to know anything about the population for which they were responsible. With the new prospective feature, the ACO must request the information from CMS; the data is not provided automatically.
This question has a two-part answer. First, the calculation of shared savings compares expenditures by the ACO with benchmark expenditures – i.e., those Medicare Part A and B fee-for-service expenditures of beneficiaries who would have been assigned to the ACO in any of the three years prior to the start of the ACO. There's basically no change in the method of determining those prior year expenditures. Beneficiaries will still be divided into the categories of End Stage Renal Disease, disabled, aged/dual eligible Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries, and aged/non-dual eligible Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries. The methodology applies to Rural Health Canters and Federally Qualified Health Centers that are now eligible to form and participate in ACOs. There's also no change in the notion of updating the benchmark expenditures to account for changes in severity and case mix.
A big change in the Final Rule is the allowance of ACOs participating in either Track 1 (sharing of only savings in years 1 and 2; sharing savings and loss in year 3) or Track 2 (sharing in both savings and loss for 3 years) to share in first dollar savings.
With respect to the distribution of shared savings, the Final Rule doesn't change CMS's intention to make savings payments directly to the ACO without dictating the way in which those savings should be distributed to ACO members. However, the Final Rule does remove a provision by which CMS would have withheld 25% of the savings to ensure repayment of future losses.
Like the Proposed Rule, the Final Rule holds ACOs responsible for regulatory changes in policy, with exceptions of eligibility requirements, the structure and governance of ACOs, calculation of sharing rate, and assignment of beneficiaries. However, the Final Rule gives an ACO the flexibility to voluntarily terminate its agreement in instances where new regulatory standards during an agreement period are likely to impact the ACO's ability to participate in the shared savings program.
Yes – and the changes made in the Final Rule are significant. ACO participants and suppliers can now be added or subtracted during the period of the agreement. CMS must receive notice within 30 days. If a change is significant and results in an ACO's inability to meet eligibility or program requirements, again CMS requires 30 days notice. Here are two hypothetical scenarios. If a large primary care group terminated its relationship with the ACO, the ACO might not be able to meet its requirement for a minimum of 5,000 beneficiaries. In this type of case, the ACO might need to terminate its agreement.In a different type of situation, a change might require an adjustment to the ACO's benchmark but still allow it to continue participating in the program.
The Proposed Rule contained an Antitrust Policy Statement that would have mandated review by the Antitrust Agencies of certain ACOs before CMS would approve their participation in the Shared Savings Program. Under the Final Rule, ACOs are not required to obtain such a letter, and if they do obtain one, acceptance into the ACO program is not contingent upon the contents of the letter from the Antitrust Agencies. As suggested in
comments to the Proposed Rule, CMS will provide the Antitrust Agencies with data and information that is sufficient for them to identify potentially anticompetitive conduct. The result of the change is an expedited review process for ACOs and additional cooperation with the Antitrust Agencies by CMS.
There are two important changes in the quality measures. First, the Final Rule reduced the number of quality measures from 65 to 33 and eliminated one of the categories. The four categories of measures, called domains, now include Patient Experience of Care, Care Coordination/Patient Safety, Preventive Health, and At-Risk Population. Within each domain, ACOs must report all measures and score above the minimum attainment level as determined by CMS on 70% of the measures. Second, an ACO's receipt of shared savings is no longer contingent on meeting the quality performance thresholds for all of the proposed measures. ACOs that achieve the minimum requirement level for at least one measure in each of the four domains and satisfy the requirements for realizing shared savings can receive that portion of the shared savings for which they qualify.
No. A minimum level of EHR meaningful use by primary care physicians is no longer a condition of participation. Nonetheless, EHR use is still part of quality measurement and will be weighted higher than other measures with respect to quality scoring.
Margie Satinsky, MA, MBA is a Consultant for InGauge Healthcare Solutions. Contact her for consulting services at email@example.com. Efficiency in Practice is the free eNewsletter for medical practice managers who want to save time, money and reduce risk. For more information and to access your FREE report, Patient Collections: It's Make or Break for Many Practices, visit www.efficiencyinpractice.com
This article can be reprinted freely online, as long as the entire article and this resource box are included.


text:
With more than half of respondents (55%) admitting to adding up to 10% on to their expenses every month, and a quarter of people claiming up to 20% extra, this is estimated to be costing the UK economy a massive £1.6bn each year.
When asked why they choose to overclaim, 40% of respondents said they don't feel they get paid enough; 36% said they do so to make up for money owed from lost receipts. Shockingly, almost a third (29%) simply follow their colleagues lead, highlighting a worrying trend in UK culture, stating that it's something that "everyone does"; while 28% simply feel they can "get away with it".
Paul Baker, Vice President Customer Management at Allstar Business Solutions said,
"It is of no doubt that our research has revealed some shocking findings and it appears overclaiming is a very big problem for British businesses. Not only is it costing individual companies, it is also having a much bigger impact on our wider economy as a whole and people don't seem to care that it is both dishonest and illegal. To help businesses we have created a dedicated white paper looking at pay and reclaim in much more detail, specifically in relation to fuel which is commonly one of the biggest expenses for a company. We hope that this will encourage business owners to review processes they have in place in order to minimise these losses."
It seems men are less bothered in general about expenses as the study found that males (20%) are more likely to overclaim on expenses than women (15%), and more female professionals felt that it is wrong to claim more than they're owed (63%). Those in Northern Ireland (24%), the Midlands (23%) and the North West (30%) are most likely to overclaim.
With almost three quarters (73%) of employees spending up to £100 on business expenses every month, the most unusual items professionals admitted to reclaiming were:
- Flowers
- Alcohol for personal use
- Haircuts
- Home improvements
- Personal groceries
- Personal parking fines
- Meals which weren't business related
- Hotel breaks with the family
And it starts young, with a third of 18-34 year olds saying they've overclaimed in the last 12 months but only 15% of over 55s admitting to have done so recently.


text:
AIS Students in the News/in Archived News /by firstname.lastname@example.com
Talk about hard work!
The AIS students at FIU (their team is called Data Panthers) came together and after a few weeks of some serious data crunching, are now going to Madrid as finalists in a competition hosted by Banco Santander, a major financial firm in the eurozone. FIU will be up against other finalist teams from Chile, Argentina, Spain, Mexico and Portugal.
See below for the full article on the news,
University of Cincinnati, IS Club/in Archived News /by email@example.com
Please welcome our newest charter, the University of Cincinnati IS Club! We look forward to hearing from you in the annual reports and our annual Leadership Conference and Competitions.
SAP ERPsim Finalists/in Archived News /by AIS Staff
Congratualtions to the teams selected for the SAP ERPsim Competition!
|Team Name
|Superior Analytics Personnel
|Brigham Young University
|Carnegie Mellon University In Qatar
|Clemson Tigers!
|Clemson University
|Team Rams
|Fordham University
|Georgia College ERPSimsters
|Georgia College & State University
|Georgia State University
|Laker Effect
|Grand Valley State University
|The SAPS
|Northern Arizona University
|NSU Sharkbytes
|Nova Southeastern University
|Prince Sultan University
|Temple Owls
|University UAD
|University of Arkansas
|University of Georgia
|Union de equipo
|University of Illinois at Springfield
|SAPpy Sooners
|University of Oklahoma
|The Hurd
|Utah State University
2015-2016 Annual Reports Due May 6!/in Archived News /by AIS Staff
It's that time of year again!
Time to brag on yourself a little bit!
Click here to go to the annual report and awards page.
Welcoming the New Year with a new Student Chapter!/in Archived News /by firstname.lastname@example.com
Has your Student Chapter made any new-years resolutions? If you have, stop by our Facebook page and leave some comments! If you haven't, it's not to late to add the 2016 Competitions and Leadership Conference to the things to do list! >Facebook<
Welcoming in the new year, we'd also like to give a warm welcome to Roger Williams University, where 34 students just formed an AIS Student Chapter. We look forward to seeing what the rest of the year brings!
A Warm welcome to UNCG!/in Archived News /by firstname.lastname@example.com
Here's a warm welcome to our newest Student Chapters at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro!
We look forward to seeing your involvement as a Chapter and hearing from you in your Annual Report!
Resource for Women in Business/in Archived News /by AIS Staff
A comprehensive resource for women business owners that we think you would find really valuable.
Their resource for women in business includes a wealth of information from fundraising tips to finding professional organizations and support, online and off. You can read the entire resource here: http://www.expertise.com/small-business/resources-for-women-owned-businesses
Gaining Competitive Advantage/in Archived News /by email@example.com
One of the main benefits for students joining the Wayne State University Student Chapter of AIS is to gain a major competitive advantage in the IT field. The organization is new and was formed in 2014, but strives to provide numerous benefits to its members. Not only do members of the association gain important insights into the information systems field, but they also gain world-wide recognition through competitions and awards programs. Wayne State's Information Technology Organization (ITO) strives to provide its members with professional development and career opportunities.
The chapter president stated, "The mission of ITO is to promote the study and utilization of information systems through programs of professional development, social networking, and community development." ITO has objectives in order to help complete its mission. Throughout the 2014 period the group accomplished its objectives by organizing numerous chapter events and presentations. One of the featured presentations was, "How to Think like a Futurist" by Sheryl Connelly, a Ford Motor Futurist. The presentation helped students see where IT was going and what opportunities they can expect to see in the next few years. ITO also hosted presentations on topics such as IT security, inbound technology, and how to succeed in IT.
Members of ITO have also gained a competitive advantage through participating in the "Big Data Analytics Challenge," partnering with Detroit TechWeek, touring Wayne State Data Center, and attending conferences such as the INBOUND Marketing Conference in Boston. The organization optimized opportunities for students through a variety of presentations and events.
As a newly active chapter on the Wayne State Campus, membership has grown to 34 active members. ITO hopes to continue recruiting new members to the chapter through the use of social media and attending student organization fairs. The group communicates through multiple channels such as Facebook, Twitter and its own website.
ITO plans to continue to focus on growing the chapter and also providing current and future members with opportunities to give them a competitive advantage. Students can benefit from chapters like ITO by getting involved with the professional world, networking and gaining insights into the IS field. This AIS chapter provides students with opportunities to further themselves in their careers before they enter the job market.


text:
I was so happy I got to meet Ms. Boxx, I almost started crying. So I inspected my leg until I regained control of myself and then my sister and I got a picture with her!
And I'm happy to say that I was able to walk the entire three miles. I was a bit worried when we started because my hip was throbbing, and by the end of the walk my shoulder and my hip were killing me. But that didn't stop me from having fun and talking with my fellow walkers. I heard a lot of great stories today.
I compiled a video for you guys of my walk. Unfortunately my camera is terrible so the sound (from the people at the event) is horrible and the image isn't so hot. So I added some music so you wouldn't have to hear pshhhfszzzzzzshhhhhh for 3.5 minutes. Just wait until I get my Nikon D5100. Then you will have lots of beautiful footage.


text: North American Energy Partners Company Profile (NYSE:NOA) Company Profile Analyst Ratings Earnings History Earnings Estimates Dividend History Insider Trade Headlines Social Media Chart About North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA) North American Energy Partners Inc. provides a range of mining and heavy construction services to customers in the resource development and industrial construction sectors within Western Canada. The Company's operating divisions include Heavy Construction and Mining; Industrial, and Tailings & Environmental Construction. Its Heavy Construction and Mining division is engaged in hard rock and oil sands mining, overburden removal, mine site development and mine reclamation. Its Industrial division offers services, which include site development, installation of underground utilities and piping, concrete foundations, facilities and infrastructure construction, and design/build services. The Tailings & Environmental Construction division performs a range of tailings, reclamation and environmental construction services, including oil sands tailings remediation; management of mine tailings; tailings dam and dyke construction, pipeline co-corridor construction, and tailings pipelines. Industry, Sector and Symbol: Sector: Oils/Energy Industry: Oil Related Services Sub-Industry: N/A Symbol: NYSE:NOA CUSIP: N/A Web: www.nacg.ca Capitalization:Market Cap: $104.74 millionOutstanding Shares: 29,202,000Average Prices:50 Day Moving Avg: $4.14200 Day Moving Avg: $4.6352 Week Range: $2.34 - $5.70 P/E:Trailing P/E Ratio: 100.00Foreward P/E Ratio: 22.94P/E Growth: 5.06Sales & Book Value:Annual Revenue: $197.58 millionPrice / Sales: 0.58Book Value: $4.45 per sharePrice / Book: 0.88Dividend:Annual Dividend: $0.06Dividend Yield: 1.6% Profitability:EBIDTA: $40.31 millionNet Margins: 0.62%Return on Equity: 0.97%Return on Assets: 0.43%Debt:Debt-to-Equity Ratio: 0.63%Current Ratio: 1.08%Quick Ratio: 1.04%Misc:Average Volume: 38,011 shs.Beta: 0.63Short Ratio: 1.48 Frequently Asked Questions for North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA) What is North American Energy Partners' stock symbol? North American Energy Partners trades on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbol "NOA." How often does North American Energy Partners pay dividends? What is the dividend yield for North American Energy Partners? North American Energy Partners announced a quarterly dividend on Thursday, August 3rd. Shareholders of record on Thursday, August 31st will be paid a dividend of $0.016 per share on Friday, October 6th. This represents a $0.06 dividend on an annualized basis and a yield of 1.64%. The ex-dividend date is Tuesday, August 29th. This is a positive change from North American Energy Partners's previous quarterly dividend of $0.01. View North American Energy Partners' Dividend History. How were North American Energy Partners' earnings last quarter? North American Energy Partners, Inc. (NYSE:NOA) posted its quarterly earnings results on Tuesday, February, 16th. The company reported ($0.02) EPS for the quarter, missing the consensus estimate of $0.03 by $0.05. The firm had revenue of $65 million for the quarter, compared to the consensus estimate of $100.16 million. North American Energy Partners had a net margin of 0.62% and a return on equity of 0.97%. View North American Energy Partners' Earnings History. Where is North American Energy Partners' stock going? Where will North American Energy Partners' stock price be in 2017? 3 equities research analysts have issued 12 month price objectives for North American Energy Partners' shares. Their forecasts range from $9.00 to $9.00. On average, they expect North American Energy Partners' share price to reach $9.00 in the next year. View Analyst Ratings for North American Energy Partners. What are analysts saying about North American Energy Partners stock? Here are some recent quotes from research analysts about North American Energy Partners stock: 1. According to Zacks Investment Research, "NORTH AMERICAN ENERGY PARTNERS INC. is one of the largest providers of heavy construction, mining, piling and pipeline services in Western Canada. For more than fifty years, NAEP has provided services to large oil, natural gas and resource companies, with a principal focus on the Canadian oil sands. The Company maintains one of the largest independently owned equipment fleets in the region. " (7/15/2017) 2. Canaccord Genuity analysts commented, "We continue to expect the new Fort Hills mine to afford NAEP additional volumes of recurring mine services work in 2018. Importantly, revenue growth did not come at the expense of profitability as gross margin was 40.5% compared to our 34.0% estimate and 41.6% last year. More impressive still, this level of profitability was achieved despite industry pricing being down 10-20% y/y. SG&A as a percentage of sales was in line with our estimate at 7.9% and declined from 8.6% last year demonstrating NAEP's substantial operating leverage. This left EBITDA at $30 million compared to our $20 million estimate and last year's $25 million. EBIT and EPS increased 36% y/y and 70% y/y to $15 million and $0.34, respectively." (5/2/2017) Who are some of North American Energy Partners' key competitors? Some companies that are related to North American Energy Partners include Approach Resources (AREX), Tesco Corporation (TESO), Gastar Exploration (GST), Pacific Ethanol (PEIX), Emerge Energy Services LP (EMES), Southcross Energy Partners, L.P. (SXE), Carbo Ceramics (CRR), Hallador Energy Company (HNRG), Gulf Island Fabrication (GIFI), Parker Drilling Company (PKD), Solaris Oilfield Infrastructure (SOI), SandRidge Permian Trust (PER), Pioneer Energy Services Corp. (PES), Willbros Group (WG), Seadrill Limited (SDRL), Independence Contract Drilling (ICD), Bellatrix Exploration Ltd (BXE) and Hydrogenics Corporation (HYGS). Who are North American Energy Partners' key executives? North American Energy Partners' management team includes the folowing people: Ronald A. McIntosh, Independent Chairman of the BoardMartin R. Ferron, President, Chief Executive Officer, Non-Independent DirectorJoseph C. Lambert, Chief Operating OfficerBarry W. Palmer, Vice President - Heavy Construction and Mining OperationsJordan Slator, General Counsel, SecretaryThomas P. Stan, DirectorWilliam C. Oehmig, Independent DirectorBryan Daniel Pinney, Independent DirectorJay W. Thornton, Independent DirectorK. Richard Turner CPA, Independent Director Who owns North American Energy Partners stock? North American Energy Partners' stock is owned by a number of of retail and institutional investors. Top institutional shareholders include Acadian Asset Management LLC (4.50%), Signia Capital Management LLC (2.20%), Intact Investment Management Inc. (1.56%), K.J. Harrison & Partners Inc (1.34%), Spark Investment Management LLC (1.30%) and AJO LP (1.12%). View Institutional Ownership Trends for North American Energy Partners. Who sold North American Energy Partners stock? Who is selling North American Energy Partners stock? North American Energy Partners' stock was sold by a variety of institutional investors in the last quarter, including K.J. Harrison & Partners Inc, Spark Investment Management LLC, Acadian Asset Management LLC, Clear Harbor Asset Management LLC and Russell Investments Group Ltd.. View Insider Buying and Selling for North American Energy Partners. Who bought North American Energy Partners stock? Who is buying North American Energy Partners stock? North American Energy Partners' stock was acquired by a variety of institutional investors in the last quarter, including Signia Capital Management LLC, AJO LP, JPMorgan Chase & Co., Intact Investment Management Inc. and Royal Bank of Canada. View Insider Buying and Selling for North American Energy Partners. How do I buy North American Energy Partners stock? Shares of North American Energy Partners can be purchased through any online brokerage account. Popular online brokerages include Vanguard Brokerage Services, TD Ameritrade, E*TRADE, Scottrade, Fidelity and Charles Schwab. What is North American Energy Partners' stock price today? One share of North American Energy Partners stock can currently be purchased for approximately $3.90. MarketBeat Community Rating for North American Energy Partners (NYSE NOA)Community Ranking: 2.1 out of 5 ( )Outperform Votes: 85 (Vote Outperform)Underperform Votes: 114 (Vote Underperform)Total Votes: 199MarketBeat's community ratings are surveys of what our community members think about North American Energy Partners and other stocks. Vote "Outperform" if you believe the stock will outperform the S&P 500 over the long term. Vote "Underperform" if you believe the stock will underperform the S&P 500 over the long term. You may vote once every thirty days. Analyst Ratings Consensus Ratings for North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA) (How are Consensus Ratings Calculated?) MarketBeat calculates consensus ratings using the most recent rating from each brokerage that has rated a stock within the last twelve months. Since brokers often use different ratings systems, each rating is normalized to a standardized rating score of 1 (sell), 2 (hold), 3 (buy) or 4 (strong buy). Consensus ratings scores are calculated using the mean average of the number of normalized sell, hold, buy and strong buy ratings. Each stock's consensus rating is derived from its calculated consensus ratings score (0-1.5 = Sell, 1.5-2.5 = Hold, 2.5-3.5 = Buy, >3.5 = Strong Buy). MarketBeat's consensus price targets are a mean average of the most recent available price targets set by each analyst that has set a price target for the stock in the last twelve months.MarketBeat will no longer include ratings and price target data in its consensus calculation if a broker drops coverage and MarketBeat has received a report that coverage was dropped. Ratings from certain research firms that issue ratings using purely quantitative methods (such as Zacks, Vetr and ValuEngine) are not included in consensus calculations. MarketBeat's consensus ratings and consensus price targets may differ from those calculated by other firms due to differences in methodology and available data.Ratings Breakdown: 3 Buy RatingsConsensus Rating:Buy (Score: 3.00)Consensus Price Target: $9.00 (130.77% upside) Analysts' Ratings History for North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA) Show: Only the Most Recent Rating From Each Brokerage All Ratings For This Stock DateFirmActionRatingPrice TargetImpact on Share PriceDetails5/3/2017National Bank FinancialReiterated RatingOutperformLow5/2/2017Canaccord GenuityReiterated RatingBuy$9.00Medium11/17/2016BMO Capital MarketsUpgradeMarket Perform -> OutperformN/A5/16/2016Sterne Agee CRTReiterated RatingNeutralN/A(Data available from 8/21/2015 forward) Earnings Earnings History for North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA)Earnings History by Quarter for North American Energy Partners (NYSE NOA)DateQuarterConsensus EstimateActual EPSRevenue EstimateActual RevenueRelease LinkConference CallDetails2/14/2017Q416$0.01($0.01)$54.35 million$62.20 millionViewN/A2/16/2016Q415$0.03($0.02)$100.16 million$65.00 millionViewN/A11/3/2015Q315$0.03($0.04)$101.00 million$66.80 millionViewN/A8/5/2015Q215($0.10)($0.11)$99.00 million$52.37 millionViewN/A2/17/2015Q414$0.05($0.03)$114.50 million$113.18 millionViewN/A2/28/2014Q413$0.13$116.82 million$108.91 millionViewN/A8/1/2013Q114($0.06)($0.16)$142.00 million$115.05 millionViewN/A6/11/2013Q4 13$0.05($0.13)ViewN/A2/5/2013Q313$0.07$0.13$212.50 million$189.10 millionViewN/A10/31/2012Q213$0.04$0.10$241.80 million$204.19 millionViewN/A8/8/2012($0.15)($0.14)ViewN/A6/6/2012($0.13)($0.47)ViewN/A2/2/2012$0.17($0.05)ViewN/A11/2/2011$0.02$0.18ViewN/A8/3/2011($0.21)($0.25)ViewN/A6/2/2011$0.24($0.84)ViewN/A2/1/2011$0.28$0.10ViewN/A(Data available from 1/1/2011 forward) Estimates Earnings Estimates for North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA)2017 EPS Consensus Estimate: ($0.05)QuarterNumber of EstimatesLow EstimateHigh EstimateAverage EstimateQ1 20172($0.04)($0.01)($0.03)Q2 20173($0.16)($0.01)($0.07)Q3 20173($0.05)$0.03$0.00Q4 20172$0.01$0.07$0.04(Data provided by Zacks Investment Research) Dividends Current Dividend Information for North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA)Next Dividend:10/6/2017Annual Dividend:$0.06Dividend Yield:1.54%Dividend Growth:0.00% (3 Year Average)Payout Ratio:600.00% (Trailing 12 Months of Earnings) 66.67% (Based on This Year's Estimates)35.29% (Based on Next Year's Estimates)Track Record:2 Years of Consecutive Dividend GrowthDividend History by Quarter for North American Energy Partners (NYSE NOA)AnnouncedPeriodAmountYieldEx-Dividend DateRecord DatePayable Date8/3/2017Quarterly$0.021.69%8/29/20178/31/201710/6/20175/3/2017quarterly$0.011.28%5/26/20175/31/20177/7/20172/15/2017quarterly$0.021.12%3/2/20173/6/20174/7/201711/2/2016Quarterly$0.0211/28/201611/30/20161/6/20178/3/2016$0.028/29/20168/31/201610/7/20165/9/2016Quarterly$0.025/27/20165/31/20167/8/20162/19/2016$0.013/2/20163/4/20164/8/201611/9/2015Quarterly$0.0211/25/201511/30/201512/11/20159/14/2015$0.029/28/20159/30/201510/23/20156/10/2015quarterly$0.022.45%6/26/20156/30/20157/24/20152/24/2015quarterly$0.022.23%3/27/20153/31/20154/24/201512/15/2014quarterly$0.022.31%12/26/201412/31/20141/23/20159/16/2014quarterly$0.021.12%9/26/20149/30/201410/21/20146/18/2014quarterly$0.020.9%6/26/20146/30/20147/18/20142/21/2014special$0.023/27/20143/31/20144/21/2014(Data available from 1/1/2013 forward) Insider Trades Insider Trading and Institutional Ownership History for North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA)Institutional Ownership Percentage: 50.33%Insider Trades by Quarter for North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA)Transaction DateInsider NameTitleBuy/SellNumber of SharesAverage Share PriceTotal TransactionDetails3/21/2016Cannell Capital LlcMajor ShareholderSell721,096$1.97$1,420,559.12 2/19/2016Cannell Capital LlcMajor ShareholderSell40,298$1.62$65,282.76 11/4/2015Cannell Capital LlcMajor ShareholderBuy10,800$1.99$21,492.00 9/14/2015Cannell Capital LlcMajor ShareholderBuy13,100$2.00$26,200.00 9/10/2015Cannell Capital LlcMajor ShareholderBuy4,600$1.99$9,154.00 8/26/2015Cannell Capital LlcMajor ShareholderBuy35,187$1.83$64,392.21 (Data available from 1/1/2013 forward) Headlines Headline Trends for North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA) Latest Headlines for North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA) Source: All Sources Trusted Sources MarketBeat.com Bloomberg MarketWatch Motley Fool NASDAQ Reuters Seeking Alpha The Street The Wall Street Journal Yahoo Finance DateHeadlineBrokers Issue Forecasts for North American Energy Partners, Inc.'s Q3 2017 Earnings (NYSE:NOA)www.americanbankingnews.com - August 7 at 7:40 AMInvestor Network: North American Energy Partners, Inc. to Host Earnings Callfinance.yahoo.com - August 4 at 8:29 PMNorth American Energy Partners, Inc. (NOA) Plans Dividend Increase - $0.02 Per Sharewww.americanbankingnews.com - August 4 at 1:28 PMAnalyzing North American Energy Partners (NYSE:NOA) and Willbros Group (WG)www.americanbankingnews.com - July 24 at 12:05 AMNorth American Energy Partners, Inc. (NOA) to Post Q2 2017 Earnings of ($0.16) Per Share, National Bank Financial Forecastswww.americanbankingnews.com - July 17 at 7:40 AMNorth American Energy Partners, Inc. (NOA) Rating Lowered to Hold at Zacks Investment Researchwww.americanbankingnews.com - July 15 at 1:04 PMFY2017 EPS Estimates for North American Energy Partners, Inc. (NOA) Decreased by Analystwww.americanbankingnews.com - July 14 at 1:40 PMNorth American Energy Partners, Inc. (NYSE:NOA) Stock Rating Upgraded by Zacks Investment Researchwww.americanbankingnews.com - July 8 at 7:26 AMNorth American Energy Partners, Inc. (NYSE:NOA) Downgraded by Zacks Investment Researchwww.americanbankingnews.com - July 5 at 8:12 AMNorth American Energy Partners (NOA) vs. Profire Energy (PFIE) Critical Analysiswww.americanbankingnews.com - June 14 at 4:08 PMNorth American Energy Partners (NOA) & Profire Energy (PFIE) Financial Contrastwww.americanbankingnews.com - June 13 at 12:04 PMAnalyzing Profire Energy (PFIE) & North American Energy Partners (NOA)www.americanbankingnews.com - June 12 at 8:40 AMNorth American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) versus Profire Energy (PFIE) Critical Comparisonwww.americanbankingnews.com - June 11 at 6:30 PMNorth American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) Upgraded by Zacks Investment Research to "Buy"www.americanbankingnews.com - May 27 at 7:00 PMSomewhat Positive News Coverage Very Unlikely to Affect North American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) Stock Pricewww.americanbankingnews.com - May 9 at 12:51 AMNorth American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) Given Average Recommendation of "Buy" by Analystswww.americanbankingnews.com - May 8 at 1:02 PMNorth American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) Expected to Post FY2017 Earnings of $0.20 Per Sharewww.americanbankingnews.com - May 8 at 9:44 AMNorth American Energy Partners Inc.(USA)'s (NOA) "Outperform" Rating Reaffirmed at National Bank Financialwww.americanbankingnews.com - May 6 at 8:02 AMNorth American Energy Partners, Inc. :NOA-US: Earnings Analysis: Q1, 2017 By the Numbers : May 5, 2017finance.yahoo.com - May 5 at 7:07 PMNorth American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) Plans $0.01 Quarterly Dividendwww.americanbankingnews.com - May 3 at 10:22 PMNorth American Energy Partners' (NOA) CEO Martin Ferron on Q1 2017 Results - Earnings Call Transcriptseekingalpha.com - May 3 at 5:52 PMNorth American Energy Partners posts 1Q profitfinance.yahoo.com - May 3 at 9:49 AMNorth American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) Receives "Buy" Rating from Canaccord Genuitywww.americanbankingnews.com - May 2 at 11:44 PMNorth American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) Receiving Positive Press Coverage, Report Showswww.americanbankingnews.com - April 29 at 12:56 AMNorth American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) Receiving Favorable Media Coverage, Study Findswww.americanbankingnews.com - April 25 at 8:06 PMSomewhat Favorable News Coverage Very Unlikely to Impact North American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) Stock Pricewww.americanbankingnews.com - April 18 at 8:53 PMMid-Morning Market Update: Markets Open Higher; Ant Financial Increases Bid For Moneygramfeeds.benzinga.com - April 17 at 10:56 AMNorth American Energy Partners Inc.(USA) (NOA) Receiving Somewhat Positive News Coverage, Study Findswww.americanbankingnews.com - April 14 at 6:52 PMBRIEF-North American Energy Partners Quarterly loss per share C$0.02www.reuters.com - February 16 at 6:24 PMNorth American Energy Partners' (NOA) CEO Martin Ferron on Q4 2016 Results - Earnings Call Transcriptseekingalpha.com - February 16 at 6:24 PM5:49 pm North American Energy awarded overburden removal contract - expected to generate over $45 mln in revenues during fiscal 2017 (total FY17 revs estimate is currently $266 mln)us.rd.yahoo.com - January 26 at 2:10 AMBRIEF-North American Energy Partners posts Q3 net loss $0.05/shrwww.reuters.com - November 1 at 6:46 PMBRIEF-North American Energy Partners elects to redeem its 9.125% series 1 senior unsecured debentures due 2017www.reuters.com - August 26 at 6:12 PMBRIEF-North American Energy qtrly revenue c$24.2 mln versus c$64.4 mlnwww.reuters.com - August 2 at 6:47 PMBRIEF-North American Energy Partners appoints Thomas Stan to boardwww.msn.com - July 15 at 11:15 AMNorth American Energy Partners CEO bought during tougher timeswww.theglobeandmail.com - June 11 at 9:20 AM5:27 pm North American Energy authorizes share repurchase of up to 1,657,514 common sharesfinance.yahoo.com - March 14 at 5:27 PMNorth American Energy Partners' (NOA) CEO Martin Ferron on Q4 2015 Results - Earnings Call Transcriptseekingalpha.com - February 17 at 2:11 PMNorth American Energy Partners Announces Results for the Fourth Quarter Ended December 31, 2015finance.yahoo.com - February 16 at 4:30 PMBear of the Day: North American Energy Partners (NOA)finance.yahoo.com - December 14 at 9:09 AMNORTH AMERICAN ENERGY PARTNERS INC. Financialsfinance.yahoo.com - December 8 at 1:05 PMNorth American Energy Partners Third Quarter Results Conference Call and Webcast Notificationfinance.yahoo.com - October 16 at 2:35 PM Social Chart North American Energy Partners (NOA) Chart for Monday, August, 21, 2017 This page was last updated on 8/21/2017 by MarketBeat.com Staff


text:
Woodstock T23848 - Taper Oval Nozzle
click to zoom
Need it by
Just order by 2:00 PM PST tomorrow and choose expedited shipping during checkout.
Free shipping within the Contiguous United States.
Act Fast!
Sales of this outlet item are limited to quantity on hand.
Accessories and Related Items: View All
You May Also Like:
Customers who purchased this item also purchased:
1 Customer Review (5 out of 5 stars): Sign in to write a review
This Tapered Oval Nozzle fits under the table of my Band saw and helps get the dust at it's source.


text:
The Hybrid OR is not simply a resource for large, urban medical centers. Even smaller hospitals can benefit from the increased efficiency and improved clinical outcomes that image-guided surgeries can deliver. Investments for Fluoroscopy, CT and MR are no longer the exclusive investment of the radiology department. These kind of diagnostic tools can be easily installed in the OR for surgical patients, or walk-in patients in a sterile area.
An investment in the future of your hospital
It's no surprise that new surgical procedures have the potential to save more lives. Clearer diagnostic imaging means more effective the procedures. Less invasive surgical techniques reduce complications and accelerate recovery. Today's cutting-edge image-guided surgical procedures will soon become the standard of care. Clinicians and patients alike will expect to have access to the technologies that enable these surgical procedures, whether at a large university medical center or a smaller community hospital.
Designed for growth
Getinge hybrid operating rooms a future-proof, long-term investment. We build our Hybrid OR solution on a modular layout, carefully structured with the flexibility to accommodate new technologies while replacing old resources. When innovative new surgical or imaging technologies emerge, you can be certain that they can be integrated into your existing layout.


text:
No one has shouted yet.
Be the first!
Be the first!
Related News
- Johnson hopes return will spark Warriors 10:04p
- Warriors career likely over for Lillyman Sun
- James Tedesco won't rule out Tigers return Sun
- Hoffman no certainty for Melbourne goodbye Sun
- Tigers rebuild has finally started: Cleary Sat
- Taylor injured, but to remain a Tiger Sat
- Bad back could end Foran's Warriors stint Aug 18
- Kearney right to question effort: Johnson Aug 16
- Roache injured during Warriors training Aug 16
- Warriors look to Foran for NRL polish Aug 15
- Matulino out, Foran in for Rabbitohs clash Aug 15
- Benji has lots left in his Tigers NRL tank Aug 13


text:
. offers examples for the general format of APA research papers,. Purdue OWL; Writing Lab; OWL News; Engagement;. APA Sample Paper.
Tag: research
High school chemistry research paper topics
High School Chemistry Homework Help – Affordable Essays, Cheap Custom Essays. Business writing services sydney Ghostwriting services High School Chemistry Homework.
Continue reading "High school chemistry research paper topics"
Plankton research paper
FREE Virtual Special Issue – Tintinnid Ciliates of the Microzooplankton For over 35 years, Journal of Plankton Research has been publishing articles.
Writing an introoduction for research paper
This handout will explain the functions of introductions, offer strategies for writing and. most of the paper. The writing process. own research to find.
Continue reading "Writing an introoduction for research paper"
Dissertation research proposal sample
Samples. Ma-Dissertation gladly submits the samples of Dissertation, Thesis, and Research Proposal written by our team of qualified in different areas professionals.
Free research paper on asthma
Asthma Research Paper. Asthma Research Paper Asthma Research Paper Asthma is a chronic illness that affects many people.
Research topics for essays
50 Argument Essay Topics. For Your Essay, Speech, or Debate. Thinkstock Stockbyte Getty Images.. Writing Essays Teamwork Research and Reference Tools Grades
Research paper topics for native son
Perfect for students who have to write Native Son essays. SparkNotes; Literature arrow. Literature SparkNotes. Suggested Essay Topics. 1.
Research paper on gender identity
. Free Term Papers, Essays and Research Documents. The Research. org health-topics sexual-orientation-gender gender-gender-identity-26530. Save Paper.
Goldfish research paper
Goldfish research paper – Writing a custom essay means go through many steps Perfectly crafted and HQ academic essays. Proofreading and proofediting services from top.


text:
On this episode, we interview the hosts of Beyond Yacht Rock to talk smooth music and smooth cars. Plus some car buying advice.
Scion Xb
Yacht Rocking the Podcast | Autoblog Podcast #500
- Autoblog Staff
- Jan 20, 2017
Toyota adds 1.6m cars to Takata inflator recall list
- David Gluckman
- May 24, 2016
Similar recall adjustments are expected from the 17 other affected automakers this week.
Scion rolls out its past concepts, one last time
- Steven J. Ewing
- Mar 24, 2016
In addition to a new special edition tC, Scion brought many of its important past concepts to this year's New York Auto Show.
Toyota recalls power window switches for 6.5 million vehicles [UPDATE]
- Chris Bruce
- Oct 21, 2015
Toyota is recalling 6.5 million vehicles worldwide, including 2 million in the US, because the driver's side window power switch could overheat and cause a fire.
Scion xB gets one more special edition
- Brandon Turkus
- Sep 29, 2015
Scion ends its long tradition of selling special edition xBs with the 686 Parklan Edition, a chocolatey brown version of the boxy hatchback.
Toyota preparing Scion-badged Nissan Juke fighter
- Brandon Turkus
- Aug 20, 2015
Toyota is getting ready to tackle the Nissan Juke, Jeep Renegade, and Honda HR-V, and it may be doing so with its Scion brand.
Scion xB won't live past 2015
- Jonathon Ramsey
- Jun 28, 2015
Scion finally puts a date to the demise of the xB, brand president Doug Murtha saying it will leave the lineup at the end of this year.
Scion gets weird with '70s-inspired xB and Slayer tC at SEMA
- Chris Bruce
- Nov 4, 2014
Scion certainly isn't afraid of taking a step into the bizarre at this year's SEMA Show, with at least two concepts that are probably the last thing you would expect from the brand.
FR-S with Targa-style top leads Scion's SEMA brigade
- Chris Bruce
- Oct 30, 2014
The Scion brand seems to be a bit rudderless in the auto industry at the moment. The company just doesn't seem to know what audience it wants to appeal to. For this year's SEMA Show in Las Vegas, the automakers is kind of just going wild with bizarre customs like a turbocharged FR-S with a targa top (pictured above).
Scion sketches SEMA spread starring Slayer, skateboarder
- Brandon Turkus
- Sep 20, 2014
I was in Nashville last weekend for a friend's bachelor party. It's all rather fuzzy, but I do recall that my friends and I found it hilarious to request Slayer every time one of the country groups on the Broadway strip asked for a specific song to be played. While there were a few good sports, most didn't find it too funny, largely because country music and Slayer don't mix all that well. Actually, Slayer and a lot of things don't mix too well. Like Slayer and Scion, Toyota's slowly withering y
Scion xB to be replaced by Auris hatchbach, iQ dead after 2014
- Chris Bruce
- Jul 28, 2014
Scion seemed like such a good idea when it was first launched. Toyota's aim was to provide young people with stylish, affordable cars that would serve as a gateway to the automaker's family of products. It was also supposed to be something of an incubator for new ideas that were too radical for its more conservative Toyota and Lexus brands. Over a decade since its launch, the brand has languished, and today's showroom is populated by slow-selling and aging vehicles that have often been slow to r
Scion xB Release Series 10.0 headed for New York debut
- Chris Bruce
- Apr 11, 2014
Toyota promises that upgraded products for Scion are on the way, with the possibility of a redesigned xB coming soon. In the meantime, fans of the boxy hatchback have to make due with the new Release Series 10.0 special edition that is debuting at the 2014 New York Auto Show. The latest limited model puts an emphasis on technology with a wireless charging mat, backup camera, projected logos and a few interior changes.
Scion's SEMA show cars display tuner creativity [w/videos]
- Damon Lowney
- Nov 7, 2013
Scion brought four FR-S concepts to SEMA this year and one xB concept, while another three Scion tCs were brought to the show by three different shops that are competing in Scion's Tuner Challenge. The modified Scions range from mild to insane, and show how popular they are in the tuner world.
Scion reveals SEMA concepts, Tuner Challenge finalists
- Noah Joseph
- Oct 31, 2013
Scion has become something of a tuner favorite, so it's only fitting that Toyota's youth-oriented brand have an array of show cars ready for SEMA each year. And this year will be no exception.
Scion to offer redesigned xB for 2015, FR-S sedan in 2016?
- Brandon Turkus
- Oct 21, 2013
The future of the Scion brand remains up in the air, with a report from a few weeks back that Toyota dealers with attached Scion franchises could drop the youth-minded brand without penalty, rarely a good sign. That report was contrasted, though, with a story out of Australia that claimed we'd see a four-door sedan based on the splendid FR-S's overseas sibling, the Toyota GT 86. Now, we're hearing that a revised xB, Scion's formerly lovable toaster, is on the way. What gives?
Despite slow sales, no new Scion models in near-term pipeline [w/poll]
- Lauren DeAngelis Puckett
- Sep 9, 2013
According to a top Toyota executive, the Japanese automaker will not be introducing any fresh Scion models in the near future, Reuters reports. As of August, Scion sales for this year were down 1.6 percent from 2012 and accounted for only 0.3 percent of Toyota's overall US sales. And last month, Toyota Motor Sales USA Senior Vice President Bob Carter informed the 1,000 dealers who carry Scion that they can drop the brand without penalty.
Scion celebrates first 10 years with special edition models
- Jeffrey N. Ross
- Apr 1, 2013
As the story goes, Toyota's Scion brand was imagined up in someone's basement and then came to fruition in 2003 as a youth-oriented brand with a focus on delivering unique vehicles with an equally unique retail experience. A decade later, the brand has grown to five models, which will each be commemorated starting in June with a new Scion 10 Series edition.
Customize a Scion, make it out of paper [w/video]
- Jonathon Ramsey
- Dec 14, 2012
Shin Tanaka is a "Japanese artist, graffiti writer, paper toy creator, designer" with Kennedy Center credentials – his Paper Shaper sneakers are especially popular. Scion has done a DIY collaboration with Tanaka that can get you every one of Scion's five models as a Paper Shaper.
Scion xB death sentence uncertain, minor updates announced
- Jonathon Ramsey
- Dec 10, 2012
The last time we discussed the Scion xB and xD, in April of this year, it was to announce a report that both models were being killed. The vice president of the brand had said, "We don't have plans for a direct xB or xD replacement," but no date was given for the termination. Turns out rumors of their deaths have been greatly exaggerated: as part of a Toyota press release that summarized feature and pricing changes for 2013, the Scion xB was included.
Scion changing as brand buyers get older
- Zach Bowman
- May 1, 2012
Toyota may seek to reposition Scion in the wake of slower sales, according to Automotive News. It's been 10 years since the Japanese automaker unveiled its youth-oriented brand, and Toyota recognizes that the original target demographic has officially grown up. After concluding a nine-month review of the Scion brand, the parent company has decided to move away from quirkiness and toward more mainstream creations.
Autoblog Podcast #279
Scion xB, xD models getting the axe
- Chris Paukert
- Apr 23, 2012
Scion has long been labeled as a "youth brand," so perhaps we shouldn't be surprised to read word of parent Toyota turning over the marque's aging nameplates so quickly. According to Ward's Auto, Scion is set to kill off its xB and xD models – the first a onetime icon for the brand, the latter an econobox that never truly caught on with buyers (not unlike it's predecessor, the xA).
Scion prices 2012 xB and XD Release Series models
- Zach Bowman
- Sep 29, 2011
Scion has released a volley of information on the company's latest Release Series models. The 2012 xD Release Series 4.0 will come to dealers dipped in an exclusive Premium Blizzard Pearl paint with 16-inch alloy wheels as standard equipment. Inside, color-matched trim panels along the center console, steering wheel and doors echo the exterior scheme, and a set of embroidered carpet floor mats round out the upgrades inside. Scion says that the company will only produce 800 examples of the xD RS
Denmark gets eBOX for AC Propulsion's 5th Anniversary
- Eric Loveday
- Aug 6, 2011
AC Propulsion, a global company involved in electric drive design, development and manufacturing, has delivered a battery-powered eBox to the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) for tests that evaluate vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies. The research aims to advance the integration of electric vehicles with Denmark's grid.
- Ferrari celebrates 70th anniversary in Monterey
- Nissan Midnight Edition Titan and Frontier
- Find and compare 2017 models


text:
Hawkesbury Junction.
A composition put together from several -hotographs, one of the bridge as it is today, one of the greyhound as it was in narrow boat days, but taken from a completely different angle, and one of a pair of narrowboats.
Commissioned by Peter Duggan
Watercolour - Framed size 20ins x 16 ins.


text:
The Secrets Of Talking To The Dead
This is the key local holiday of my caption about enchantment phenomena. Judging by the amount of e-mail I get, my blog is becoming quite widespread. Despite the fact that I possess wide open a lot of frauds, the leading awareness of this blog is to enhance the perception of nation that acquaint with are a judgmental emanate of truthful, they say that mystifying, things that are part and parcel of in our world. My caption is an liveliness to diverse the truthful from the myths and the dishonest and, whenever reasonable, result them in a way greatest nation decision understand.
We plank in a world someplace money reigns paramount. As a stick to, acquaint with are vast chuck out of nation who decision do what on earth if it brings them a good financial return. Greatest extent nation possess a natural scarcity about such things that are part and parcel of as life at the rear of death, paradise and hell, etc. If someone claims they can "tittle-tattle with the dead", acquaint with are a lot of nation who decision pay him/her to tittle-tattle to one or added of their dead loved ones. For example a Mind reader can be very money-wise rewarding. As a stick to, the emanate of imitation Mediums be crammed. I possess never met a Mind reader who loyal me of his/her sense to detail with the dead.
In truth, regarding all of the in name only Mediums use the cold-reading techniques I laugh at about in my carry on blog. They are perfectly certified actors who can speak in "familiar" lexis, but make it fountain fantasy they are steal "honest", about your dearly moved out. Then, acquaint with are some company Mediums who use "hot-reading" techniques: information garnered in advance about nation who decision be in their transpire or attending their s'eance.
Seemingly the best-known contribution day Mind reader is John Edward, a fast-talking former ballroom-dancing supporter who is saturate up on his proclaimed sense "to join with energies of nation who possess crossed pompous." Died, that is. Reliable, his nightly TV cogitate "Sail From first to last with John Edward" was the highest-rated cogitate on the Sci Fi interweave and is about to go trendy syndication. He has made appearances on Larry King Remain, Dateline, an HBO special, Resolute Tonight and other TV shows. Along with his law for acknowledge appointments, tickets for his seminars and award appearances, and sales of his books, audiotapes and videotapes, Edward seems to be one of the few distension industries in an more willingly than insipid economy.
Come close to other in name only Mediums, Edward relies tediously on the "coolness reading" direction. It involves sham a series of questions and suggestions, each shaped by the subject's prior comment. Mediums evenly begin, for archetype, by uttering a generality: "I explanation an substantial establish build taking part in," eliciting a comment that leads him to the bordering speculate. "I'm being paid that his death resulted from a refusal in his stem". This is a statistically fountain guess that possibly will encumber everything from lung plague and emphysema to a central theme movement. Be obliged to the subjugated unquestionable no, the coolness reader decision evenly say, "Top quality, we'll get back to that," and rapidly move about pin. It's a in good taste form of the game Twenty Questions, at home which the subjugated, edgy to hear from the dead, once in a while realizes that he, not the Mind reader or the moved out, is supplying the answers.
A Direct Copy crash written a few existence ago by Leon Jaroff cited the pouch of Michael O'Neill, a New York City publicity director, who had no preconceived thinking about Edward but experienced what he is loyal was a "hot reading"--a disparity on the coolness reading in which the Mind reader takes sound of information covertly gathered in advance. Set an adding together marker by villa members eager to hear from his flat grandfather, O'Neill attended a modus operandi and was singled out by Edward, who time-honored what he claimed were communications sent upright from the dead grandfather.
Once numerous of folks messages seemed to O'Neill to be hardly off remnant, Edward made a few appropriate "hits," unsolved each one by plunging villa names and facts he possibly will not I don't know possess particular.
It was not until weeks at the rear of the modus operandi, so O'Neill saw the cogitate on TV, that he began to suspect chicanery. Clips of him somnolent yes had been spliced trendy the videotape at the rear of statements with which he remembers quarrelling. In deposit, says O'Neill, greatest of Edward's "misses," any on him and other transpire members, had been condensed out of the final background.
In the manner of all this dishonest piece of work leaving on, require we take (fantasy Keep on at Houdini) that dealings with the dead is impossible? In my impression, all of the in name only showmen who strike to be forceful to tittle-tattle to the dead family of empty strangers are as imitation as a three-dollar-bill. Quiet this, Take in with the dead is not definite reasonable, but has very strong important tape.
The tape indicates that you can detail with dead nation who were very endorse to you in life. A brother, a mother...someone very endorse. Unambiguously not to strangers. Take in usually happens in dreams so the mentality is fast asleep and the mind/aura has hectic pompous the put together. At such epoch, the mind/aura approaches what we sustain an astral total and the mind's receptors are mild of second-sighted brains. I possess yet to meet someone who has spoken with the dead in voices that can be recorded. Communications from the dead are telepathic; for the blatant instance that traditional chords are a part of the dead put together such as the spirit/aura exists deficient a put together. Even ghost-chasers who possess tried to videocassette spiritual voices in shadowlike houses had to grant that the sounds made by spirits are barely appreciable...extensively fantasy the sounds of nation native tongue who do not possess a prepare.
In the midst of the escalating emanate of scientists who convoy in psychic phenomena, greatest appear to genuine that the psychic's individual has stirred to an astral level someplace it is a long way added alert to telepathy.
Exhibit is a very interesting crash by James Donahue: He went to classes someplace the spiritual part of his put together was schooled. Straight he intellectual to astrally divider. Once astrally analytical, he saw his dead mother and telepathically communicated, in allocate, with her. Donahue was not some serious zealous, but, if possible, wrote about the knowledge unemotionally and neutrally. http://100megsfree4.com/farshores/jd0125.htm
To me, this is not definite reasonable, it's logical. Such as we learn to divider astrally, what we possess intellectual to do is diverse our mind/aura from our physical put together. Our mind/aura can seek-out and detail with other mind/auras of folks very endorse to us. Once this frequently happens by good fortune, you can teach yourself to do this:
Exhibit is an respectable crash, online by Dr. Raymond Tetchy that tries to teach nation how to detail with dead loved ones. http://www.near-death.com/experiences/paranormal10.html The significant late at night Dr. Moody's short-lived are the awfully principals and techniques that can teach you to astrally project: diverse your mind/aura from your put together for transitory periods of time.
To sum it all up, don't waste your time (or money) strenuous to detail with the dead through a Mind reader. Take in with the dead is not definite reasonable, but it has judgmental strut by tape with very indigenous conditions: The definite nation you can detail with are set communications amid you and a dead loved one and definite on an astral level.
We'll bottom this series bordering week. In the meantime, if you've got questions, I've got answers. email@example.com
Related Texts:
Vatican Ii Turns Fifty Part Ii Catholics And Culture CollideFrom Fr. Gordon J. MacRae at These Germ Walls:
Be equal with Today, In arrears marking thirtyTime of priesthood, I am ingenious to watertight substantiate on that stretch out and see oodles weak ways in which my defiance of the credibility of dissenters attempting to drive their on offer dissent versus Attempt came substantiate to go to regularly my priesthood. I was celebrated "an exasperated typical."
It was productive...


text:
BrewDog Punk IPA Beer Making Kit from Brooklyn Brew Shop.
Beer Making Kit: BrewDog Punk IPA (Brooklyn Brew Shop)
₱2,995.00 VAT-Inclusive
Out of stock
Out of stock
In collaboration with BrewDog, the revolutionary Scotland brewery, we've scaled down their celebrated Punk IPA so you can brew it in your home kitchen. Stomping into the room at 5.6% ABV, this golden classic is packed with new world hops, bursts of caramel, tropical fruit notes and a spiky, bitter finish.
Additional information
|2.8 kg
|23.5 x 19 x 19.5 cm


text:
Homemade guac with multigrain tortilla chips.
Box mix strawberry cake with homemade strawberry buttercream frosting.
Spiced pan-fried cod with lemony rice.
Well, I'm not exactly a food photographer, but I sure do enjoy preparing, eating, and chatting about it! I had the meal in the last photo three days in a row because fish is easily my favorite meat and I don't buy it as often as I'd like to. As for the cake, it was tasty, but now I dream about making one totally from scratch (and improving that icing texture, yikes!). I made a chocolate cake for a friend last month also, now that I think about it. And oh, poor non-photogenic guac - you were delicious, too! What's the best thing you've eaten this summer, what should I make next? And...any cake recipe suggestions?


text:
Shenzhen OK Biotech Technology Co., Ltd.(SZOB)
HK Add: 6/F, Fo Tan Industrial Centre, 26-28 Au Pui Wan St ,Fo Tan, Shatin, Hongkong
China mainland Add: 8F, Fuxuan Building, No. 46, East Heping Rd, Longhua New District, Shenzhen, PRC China
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Web: www.ok-biotech.com
Tel: +852 6679 4580
Contact NowLefamulin BC3781, CAS 1061337-51-6The API of Lefamulin(BC 3781) can be steadly provided by Shenzhen Ok Biotech Technology Co., Ltd. (SZOB). Lefamulin BC3781 CAS 1061337-51-6 BC-3781 API raw material Nabriva Therapeutics skin...Read More
Contact NowSex hormones/Tadalafil CAS 171596-29-5Tadalafil is a PDE5 inhibitor marketed in pill form for treating erectile dysfunction (ED) under the name Cialis see-al-iss, and under the name Adcirca ad-sur-kuh for the treatment of pulmonary...Read More
Contact NowEstriol CAS: 50-27-1Estriol (E3), or oestriol, also known as 16α-hydroxyestradiol or as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16α,17β-triol, is a natural steroidal estrogen and one of the three main estrogens in the human...Read More
Contact NowProgesterone CAS: 57-83-0Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. It belongs to a group of steroid...Read More


text:
Start off your day bright-eyed and bushy-tailed diffuse with BellaSentials proprietary morning blend "Bright Eyes" use (5 to 10 drops) or whatever your heart desires to help you wake up first thing in the morning.
Melt away your daily stress so you can zoom through the rest of your day. Diffuse BellaSentials "Zoom" Blend (5 to 10 drops) in the afternoon when you are feeling a bit overwhelmed or stressed. Zoom will help take the edge off, so you can be productive!
Hush, little baby, don't say a word… Lullaby yourself to sleep by diffusing (5 to 10 drop) of BellaSentials "Hush" throughout the night to help you get a better, deeper night's sleep.


text:
I'm a big fan of Smiling! Whether, I'm the one doing the smiling or, better yet, the only making someone else smile! There's no greater feeling than knowing you made someone's day a little brighter. It's definitely a win win situation all around.
When I read that my wonderful friend, Shauna, from Lemon Kissed was conducting a little kindness project of her own, I jumped at the opportunity to spread the love...Lemon Kissed Love, that is!
As said by Shauna herself, "...being nice feels nice".
Want to hear what Lemon Kissed and Lemon Kissed friends have been up to?
From park benches to parking meters to tables inside restaurants, doctor's offices and coffee shops – Shauna & her "Secret Lemon Kissed Agents" have been leaving Lemon Kissed earrings in random places in an effort to spread happiness and kindness all over (from Oregon to Philly...you could be the next smile on her list). All in hopes that this simple and random act of kindness inspires others to do little things for others.
Let's just say I know the Secret Agent in Philly ;)
Here are the latest smiles found in the City of Brotherly Love!
So, get out there and spread some smiles!!!
You won't regret it :)


text:
Hello everyone! I hope you all had a stress free holiday season and are enjoying the new year. Here is a list of products from the past few months of Petit Vour boxes. I am slowly getting better at writing reviews of the products within the time that I get them. Sometime it is difficult because I do not immediately find a use for a product. Other times I just find myself so busy with work and school that I forget what time is all together.
MSC Skincare
Petit Vour Boxes March – August 2015
Hello everyone! I wanted to do more Petit Vour beauty box videos but long story short, I do not currently have access to editing software or have room on my computer. One of my summer projects is to clean up the files on my computer so hopefully I get to that sooner than later… In the meantime, I am going to post a written review of everything.