text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 16, 1979
|Filing date
|Jun 14, 1976
|Priority date
|Jun 14, 1976
|Publication number
|Kurt E. Zimmerman
|Original Assignee
|Zimmerman Kurt E
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (9), Referenced by (31), Classifications (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to audiovisual teaching apparatus and, more particularly, to apparatus for presenting motion video sequences for educational purposes.
Audiovisual teaching apparatus in the prior art has generally fallen into two distinct categories. The first category includes simple motion picture or video tape programs offering instruction for the benefit of students and permitting students to experience, through the medium of video projection, a wide variety of subject matter. The second general class of prior art audiovisual teaching equipment utilizes still projection or motion video projection of events leading to a question which must be answered by the student. Such equipment may, for example, be computer controlled such that, when the student has made his choice, the equipment notifies the student as to whether his choice was correct or incorrect and often arranges the teaching set to conform with the student's learning progress.
Both of these forms of audiovisual equipment have serious limitations. The simple video projection, although it may be engrossing to the student, permits no interaction whatsoever, so that it is impossible to determine a student's retention utilizing the equipment or to have the student interact with the equipment. Since interaction requires a greater involvement of the student in the learning process, simple video projection is only partially successful for educational purposes.
The second form of audiovisual teaching equipment permits a certain degree of interaction. The limitation in this case, however, is the fact that, when a student makes an incorrect choice, the equipment notifies him that this choice is incorrect and either repeats the previous question or permits him to proceed to new questions. This type of interaction is similar to the effect on a child of telling the child, for example, that it is unsafe to enter a busy street. The child may accept this statement, but the mere statement can never have the effect that seeing an accident occur in the busy street can have. Thus, although there is a certain degree of feedback in such equipment, the feedback is a simple positive or negative and does not reinforce the student's learning through experience.
The present invention alleviates the difficulties in the prior art apparatus for audiovisual teaching by utilizing the engrossing medium of motion video presentation to not only present alternative choices to the student but also to show the student, in motion video form, the likely consequences of his choice. The equipment includes a multitrack video medium such as multiple track video magnetic tape or multiple track motion picture film wherein the projected track is selected by movement of a playback head or projection optics. Coding information is also recorded on the video medium to automatically operate the playback monitor equipment.
The invention includes a console having a video monitor and a plurality of switches for operation by the student. The student utilizes a switch to begin the projection sequence, and a motion video event series is projected on the monitor for viewing by the student. The motion video sequence leads to a presentation of alternative choices of action to the student, at which time the projection automatically stops. By manipulating one of several switches on the student's console, the student can select one of the presented optional actions to be taken. The video monitor and recording medium automatically proceeds, through a movement of the recording head or projection optics, to the correct medium track to display on the monitor in motion video form the likely consequences of the student's choice. When the likely consequence sequence has terminated, the student can repeat the sequence, selecting a different choice of action, or can again push the start button to proceed to the next sequence of events.
It may be helpful to a complete understanding of the invention to cite an example. If the equipment of this invention were utilized in training medical students, the initial motion video sequence could depict an emergency room in a hospital with an entering patient. During this initial sequence, certain diagnostic tests are administered on the patient and the student is apprised, through this video sequence, of the outcome of the diagnostic tests. At the completion of the initial sequence, plural numbered or lettered choices of action, such as the administration of plural different medications, can be projected on the video monitor for the student. The video projection then stops and the student depresses a selection switch to signify the medication which he deems appropriate for treating the patient. As soon as he has made his selection, the video equipment automatically switches to a track containing the likely consequences of this selection. If, for example, the medication which the student doctor selected is seriously incorrect, the sequence could depict the patient convulsing and dying. If, on the other hand, the medication has no effect on the patient's condition, the scene which would be depicted would show neither improvement nor degradation in the patient's condition. If the student selected a medication which assisted the patient, the selected scene would show such improvement.
The invention has applications in almost every field of learning, it having been found that the motion video medium is engrossing to the student, holds his awareness longer than almost any other form of instruction, and can reinforce the student's learning by allowing him to experience, through motion video sequences, the consequences of his choices.
The advantageous construction and use of this invention are best understood through the following detailed description which references the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the audiovisual teaching apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective schematic view of the video tape transport used for projection of motion video images in the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a segment of the audiovisual medium used in the transport of FIG. 2 of the present invention; and
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the electronic logic circuit used in conjunction with the console of FIG. 1 to operate the transport of FIG. 2.
Referring initially to FIG. 1, the audiovisual teaching apparatus 11 of the present invention is shown to include a common television monitor 13, a video tape transport 15 mounted thereon, and a switch console 17 having plural labeled switches. The first of these switches, labeled "start", is utilized by the student for initiating the motion video sequence. The second switch on the console 15 is labeled "replay" and permits the student to repeat a motion video sequence after its completion. The next four switches, labeled "1" through "4", are utilized by the student for selecting a course of action in response to the scene depicted on the video monitor 13.
Located on the top of the monitor 13, the video tape transport 15 is shown schematically in FIG. 2 to include a supply reel 18 and a take-up reel 19 for transporting magnetic tape 21 past a playback head 23. Each of the supply and take-up reels 18, 19 is rotated on the armature shaft of a motor 24 and 26, respectively, the motor 24 being energized to rewind the tape 21 and being unenergized during the normal playback mode of the transport 15. The motor 26 is a low torque motor which serves only to generate tension in the tape 21 for collecting the tape 21 on the reel 19 and for providing adequate contact with a capstan 25. The capstan 25 is driven by a synchronous motor 27 at a closely regulated speed. The contact of the capstan 25 with the tape 21 may be assured by a pressure roller 29 bearing against the tape 21 opposite the capstan 25.
A pair of guides 31 mount the playback head 23 for vertical movement, as viewed in FIG. 2, to select various recorded tracks on the tape 21. A motor 33 drives a lead screw 35 threaded to the mounting for the playback head 23 to adjust the position of the playback head 23 along the guides 31.
In addition, a pair of switches 37 and 39 are positioned along the path of the tape 21, the switch 37 being responsive to metal foil tape positioned at the top of the tape 21 and the switch 39 being responsive to metal foil tape at the lower edge of the tape 21, as viewed in FIG. 2. As is common in the audio 8-track tape systems currently on the market, the switches 37 and 39 are responsive to the presence of foil on the tape 21 for closure, each of the switches 37, 39 responding only to metal foil passed adjacent the switch structure.
Referring now to FIG. 3, the arrangement of recorded information on the tape 21 will be described. In this exemplary embodiment, the tape 21 has four tracks of recorded motion video information, numbered 41 through 47. At various locations along the tape 21, only the main track, track 41, includes recorded information. For example, during the segment T1 shown in FIG. 3, tracks 43 through 47 are blank. During this period T1, the sequence of motion video events leading up to a requirement for a decision to be made by the student is recorded on track 41. Also in this period T1, after this series of events, the various alternative choices open to the student are presented, along with a designation from 1 through 4 for each of the choices, to enable the student to make a choice on the switches of the console 15. The segment T1 is terminated with a metal foil strip 49 on the lower half of the tape 21, as viewed in FIG. 3. This foil strip 49, as will be understood from the detailed description of the circuitry below, automatically stops the tape transport at this point until a decision is made as to which of the various branch tracks is to be played during the next time period.
This next time period T2 contains recorded information on each of the tracks 41 through 47, each recorded track presenting the likely outcome of different choices in response to the questions presented at the end of time T1. The recorded information in time block T2 terminates with a foil strip 51 at the upper half of the tape 21, signaling the end of this branch sequence. In time T3, which occurs after the foil strip 51, only the track 41 is recorded. This time period T3 presents a new series of events leading to a new decision to be made by the student. From the previous description, it would be appreciated that switch 37 of FIG. 2 responds only to the foil strip 51 while switch 39 responds only to the foil strip 49.
Referring now to FIG. 4, the details of the logic circuitry contained, typically beneath the switch console 15, and responsive to the switches thereon for operating the transport 15 of FIG. 1 will be described. The switches include a start switch 53, a replay switch 55 and four decision selection or track selection switches 57 through 63, numbered 1 through 4, respectively. With tape loaded into the transport 15, the first segment is a track such as that labeled T1 in FIG. 3 and including information recorded on track 41 alone. The educational sequence is started by the student depressing the start switch 53. This switch may be, for example, a momentary push button switch which is connected between a positive voltage and the set input of a monostable multivibrator or flip-flop 65. Depression of switch 53 sets the flip-flop 65 to produce an output, through an OR gate 67, to energize a capstan motor control circuit 69 which may, in this case, be a simple gate or relay energized by the output of the OR gate 67, to supply power to the capstan drive motor 27 as well as video playback electronics 70. Depression of the switch 53 thus begins motion of the capstan 25 of FIG. 2 to advance the tape 21 past the playback head 23. At the same time, depression of the switch 53 places a momentary positive pulse on a line 71 connected to an OR gate 73, the output of which is in turn connected to the set input of a flip-flop 75. This flip-flop 75 is connected to a head selection motor control circuit 77 to drive the head motor 33 to track 41 on the tape 21 (FIG. 3). The signal on this same line 71 is connected to three OR gates 79, 81 and 83, the output of these OR gates being connected to the reset input of three flip-flops 85, 87 and 89, respectively. When these flip-flops 85 through 89 are reset, their outputs, each of which is connected to the head selector logic 77, are grounded, or at binary 0, so that only the output of flip-flop 75 is energized, or at binary 1, controlling the head selector electronics 77 to move the head motor 33 to drive the playback head 23 to a position adjacent track 41. Thus, after the start button 53 has been pushed, the head motor 33 automatically drives the playback head 23 to respond to track 41 on the tape 21, and the recorded sequence is played on the video monitor 13 of FIG. 1. During this time T1, a lifelike sequence of events is portrayed to the student. After this sequence has run its course, the series of four options are presented to the student, each option typically being presented also in motion video form. Thus, in the example previously cited relating to an emergency room situation for training doctors, the administration of four different medications is possible. In that example, the choices may be presented by the doctor in the emergency room asking the attending nurse for medications by name, and a narrator's voice, for example, may be used to identify the four choices by number. At the end of this sequence, metal foil 49 (FIG. 3) will reach the switch 39 of FIG. 2. This switch, as shown in FIG. 4, resets the flip-flop 65, deenergizing the motor control circuit 69 to the capstan drive motor 27 and the video screen goes blank. If, at this point, the student were to again push the start button 53, the foil 49 remains adjacent the switch 39, so that the flip-flop 65 cannot be set, there being a positive voltage on the reset input of this flip-flop 65. The student must therefore push one of the switches numbered 1 through 4, switches 57 through 63 of FIG. 4.
If, for example, the student pushes switch 63, a positive voltage will be supplied to the set input of flip-flop 89. This voltage on the flip-flop 89 will set the flip-flop 89 and place a positive voltage at the input to the head selection electronics 77 connected to the flip-flop 89, adjusting the position of the head motor 33 so that the playback head 23 moves to a location adjacent recorded track 47 of tape 21 (FIG. 3). At the same time, this positive voltage from the switch 63, through an OR gate 91, sets a flip-flop 93, producing a positive input at the OR gate 67 to energize the capstan drive motor 27 as well as the video playback electronics 70 to play the fourth track, track 47, one possible alternative course of events determined to be the likely consequence of the student's choice. The student will therefore view, in motion video form, the likely consequences of his selection. Depression of the switch 63, in addition to setting the flip-flop 89, resets through one of OR gates 79, 81 or 95, each of the flip-flops 75, 85 and 87, so that the only input to the head selector electronics 77 is from the flip-flop 89.
It can be seen from the interconnections of FIG. 4 that depression of any one of the switches 57 through 63 by the student will set one of the flip-flops 75, 85, 87 or 89 in accordance with the switch depressed, and will reset each of the remaining flip-flops 75, 85, 87, 89 so that only one input is at a positive level into the head selector 77. Furthermore, depression of any of the switches will set the flip-flop 93 through the OR gate 91 to energize the capstan drive motor 27 and video playback electronics 70.
At the end of the selected video sequence, the metal foil 51 shown in FIG. 3 will be adjacent the switch 37 of FIG. 2. This switch, as shown in FIG. 4, resets the flip-flop 93, stopping the capstan drive motor 27 and deenergizing the video playback electronics 70. A depression of switches 1 through 4 at this point will be ineffective to begin the video transport, since the flip-flop 93 remains reset by closure of the switch 39.
At this point, the student has a choice of depressing the start switch 53 to begin the next educational sequence, that included in time T3 of FIG. 3, or to depress the repeat switch 55. Depression of this switch 55 will set a flip-flop 95 to energize the rewind motor 24 through motor drive electronics 97. These electronics 97 may be, for example, a simple switch energized by a positive output of the flip-flop 95. The switch 55 is advantageously coupled mechanically with a normally closed contact pair 55a to interrupt the signal to the reset input of flip-flop 95 from switch 37 or 39 to permit setting of the flip-flop 95. The rewind motor 24 will reverse the direction of the tape transport, as shown in FIG. 2, until either one of the foil strips 49 or 51 closes one of the switches 37, 39, each of these switches being connected to the input of an OR gate 99 which resets the flip-flop 95, deenergizing the rewind motor 24. The student has thus reversed the tape to the decision point and can select another one of the switches 1 through 4 to view a second likely consequence of a decision made in response to the video sequence. Alternatively, the student may again depress the "relay" button 55 to again view the entire video sequence leading up to the original decisional point.
From the description above, it can be seen that the system described herein permits an interaction of the student with the video equipment, the student viewing a motion video scene and making decisions as to how this scene is to proceed. The instructors who produce the film include various choices and the likely consequences of these choices portrayed in motion video form. The student has the choice of viewing the results of various choices or proceeding through the entire sequence on the tape.
As mentioned previously, it will be understood that the electronics of FIG. 4 will operate equally well if the transport of FIG. 2 carries photographic film rather than magnetic tape. In this instance, the tracks 41 through 47 of FIG. 3 will be motion picture film tracks positioned side-by-side on photographic film. The playback head 23 of FIG. 2 may then take the form of projection optics which are moved from film track to film track to project the selected branch of video information.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 15, 1966
|Aug 6, 1968
|Robert Lloyd Leslie
|Teaching machine systems
|Apr 11, 1967
|Nov 5, 1968
|American Can Co
|Branching-instruction teaching device
|Feb 13, 1967
|Dec 16, 1969
|Borg Warner
|Audiovisual educational apparatus
|Apr 7, 1970
|Oct 12, 1971
|Borg Warner
|Response mechanism for audiovisual educational apparatus
|Oct 29, 1969
|Nov 23, 1971
|Sanders Associates Inc
|Branch control of electromechanical devices and display information
|May 24, 1971
|Nov 27, 1973
|Meier H
|Automatic teaching device
|Jul 3, 1972
|May 14, 1974
|Lahlou B
|Student teaching system and the like and related method
|Sep 18, 1972
|Jun 25, 1974
|M Woolman
|Device for paired learning and process thereof
|Nov 5, 1973
|Oct 19, 1976
|Cincinnati Electronics Corporation
|Programmed presentation system
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 30, 1980
|Dec 20, 1983
|Video Education, Inc.
|Interactive system and method for the control of video playback devices
|Apr 27, 1982
|Dec 4, 1984
|Riley Michael D
|Testing system with test of subject matters, identification and security
|Nov 8, 1984
|Aug 19, 1986
|Tummies Limited Partnership
|Multiple segment nonsequential recording
|Jul 18, 1985
|Sep 16, 1986
|Stoner Donald W
|Teaching machine
|Jun 11, 1986
|Jun 28, 1988
|Tummies Limited Partnership
|Multiple segment nonsequential recording
|Feb 19, 1987
|Apr 11, 1989
|Isix, Inc.
|Video system, method and apparatus
|Feb 19, 1987
|Jul 11, 1989
|Isix, Inc.
|Interleaved video system, method and apparatus
|Feb 23, 1990
|Oct 16, 1990
|Levine Michael R
|VCR programmer
|Mar 25, 1986
|Apr 9, 1991
|Harless William G
|Audiovisual system for simulation of an interaction between persons through output of stored dramatic scenes in response to user vocal input
|Jul 9, 1991
|May 25, 1993
|Freeman Michael J
|Real-time interactive conversational toy
|Aug 7, 1992
|Aug 23, 1994
|Freeman Michael J
|Real-time interactive conversational apparatus
|Sep 13, 1995
|Apr 16, 1996
|Smart Vcr Limited Partnership
|Schedule display system for video recorder programming
|Oct 20, 1995
|Oct 22, 1996
|Smart Vcr Limited Partnership
|Schedule display system for video recorder programming
|Sep 28, 1995
|Aug 12, 1997
|Microsoft Corporation
|Video and radio controlled moving and talking device
|Apr 14, 1997
|Nov 24, 1998
|Freeman; Michael J.
|Automatic seamless branching story-telling apparatus
|Oct 18, 1996
|Jun 22, 1999
|Smart Vcr Limited Partnership
|VCR programmer
|Nov 21, 1996
|Jul 27, 1999
|Freeman; Michael J.
|Interactive two-way conversational apparatus with voice recognition
|Dec 3, 1996
|Sep 21, 1999
|Merrill David W.
|Interactive goal-achievement system and method
|Sep 9, 1997
|Aug 22, 2000
|Freeman; Michael J.
|Interactive responsive apparatus with visual indicia, command codes, and comprehensive memory functions
|Aug 27, 1999
|Oct 22, 2002
|On-line educational system for display of educational materials
|Aug 13, 2001
|Jan 6, 2004
|On-line educational system for document sharing
|Jun 12, 2001
|Jan 13, 2004
|On-line educational system for grading of assignments and posting grade information in an on-line gradebook
|Jun 12, 2001
|Jan 27, 2004
|On-line educational system for processing exam questions and answers
|Nov 9, 1999
|Sep 13, 2005
|Interactive Drama, Inc.
|Interactive simulated dialogue system and method for a computer network
|Aug 19, 2003
|Nov 15, 2005
|On-line educational system having an electronic notebook feature
|Dec 13, 2002
|Jan 31, 2006
|Expert Clinical Systems, Inc.
|Web-based medical diagnostic and training system
|Feb 1, 2002
|Aug 22, 2002
|Sanda Joel M.
|Variable types of sensory interaction for an on-line educational system
|Dec 13, 2002
|Aug 21, 2003
|Liebert John A.
|Web-based medical diagnostic and training system
|Aug 19, 2003
|Mar 11, 2004
|Vance Allen
|On-line educational system having an electronic notebook feature
|Feb 9, 2004
|Aug 11, 2005
|Hire The Winners, Llc
|Automobile sales simulator
|Nov 8, 1985
|May 22, 1986
|Tummies Limited Partnership
|Multiple segment nonsequential recording
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


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There are 3 real estate agents servicing Pheasant Creek and surrounds. In 2014 they sold properties. We have analysed all these Pheasant Creek agents and on request within 24 hours we will send you a free, up-to-date report on their performance, sales track record and what fees you should pay. View report contents
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Pheasant Creek is a rural area in Victoria to the east of Kinglake West and to the west of Kinglake Central. Named after the creek that passes through the north of the town, Pheasant Creek is a largely residential area with moderately sized bush blocks connecting pine plantations to the north with the Kinglake National Park to the south. Pheasant Creek also contains a small industrial estate hosting a variety of small businesses, and a small commercial area consisting of a General Store, Bakery, Hardware store and Gym.
Pheasant Creek Post Office opened around 1902.
Due to its low population and close proximity to Kinglake West, Pheasant Creek has little in the way of community services. While the General Store handles basic supplies and post services, many residents travel to nearby Kinglake or Whittlesea for shopping and health services, while students generally attend Kinglake West Primary School and Whittlesea Secondary College
Pheasant Creek is served by Route 562, which runs once a day in each direction to Greensborough, connecting with trains to the city. An unpublished free service also operates roughly every hour along the 562 route, connecting to Route 562 at Whittlesea. A daily V/Line coach service also operates through nearby Kinglake West to Melbourne and Mansfield.
Pheasant Creek was one of the towns that came under attack from the 2009 Victorian Bushfires. While surrounding localities on all sides were all largely devastated, Pheasant Creek suffered major losses primarily on its southern edge in areas surrounding the National Park, while the northern area remained largely untouched.
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Australia's two largest cities continue their upward march, with property prices increasing around 1% over the last month and 3% over the last quarter. more
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text:
While Gervais' "The Office" remains an all time classic and is certainly a hard act to follow, this show, "Extras" is not an attempt at topping the last show, but giving Ricky Gervais a chance to do something new.
That being said, if you are looking to laugh at classic awkward British comedy and just enjoy seeing well-known actors make satirical asses of themselves, then this show is for you.
I admit the series was a little slow at first to win me over, but as the two, very short series (seasons) went on, I grew very fond of the program and am sad to see it over so soon.
But leave it to Gervais to come back again one day with another brilliant idea. I give him credit for doing something so different this time around rather than repeating his 'Office' routine.
It may not be everyone's thing and some people may not think the show is funny or that it makes no sense. Well, those people will always have re-runs of "Reba" and "Everybody Loves Raymond" to keep them happy.


text:
Dec. 28, 1925.
Dr. L. R. Scarborough,
Seminary Hill, Texas.
Dear Dr. Scarborough:
I thank you for your letter of the 12th inst. giving information relative to the plans for securing a loan to finish the George E. Cowden Music Hall at the Sminary. I most heartily concur in the plans outlined in your letter.
I also received a communication recently from Mr. Cullen F. Thomas of Dallas and complied with his request at once.
With cordial good wishes for you, your family, and the Seminary for the New Year, I am
Cordially yours,
Joseph P. Boone
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


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Urinary tract infection is an infection that affects the urinary system. The urinary system consists of kidneys, ureters (the tube that connects the kidney with the bladder), bladder and urethra (the tube through which urine leaves the body). The urinary tract makes urine and carries it out of your body.
What causes UTI
Most cases of urinary tract infection are caused by bacteria. In most cases, the bacterium E. coli is the infecting germ in UTI. Other bacteria that cause UTI include:
Women are more prone to develop urinary tract infection than men. In most cases of UTI, the bacteria enter the urinary tract through the urethra and reach the bladder. The bacteria multiply in the bladder and when they increase sufficiently in number, you experience symptoms of UTI. In most women, UTI involves the bladder and urethra, but if the infection is not treated, it can ascend and spread to your kidneys. Infection of the bladder and urethra is not considered serious, but infection of the kidneys is serious and can damage the kidneys.
The risk of UTI is higher in women than men because of the anatomy of their genitals. In women, the proximity of the urethra to the anus and the short urethra increase the risk of UTI.
Other factors that increase your risk of developing a UTI include:
Symptoms of UTI
Urinary tract infection in women can be symptomatic or without symptoms. Symptoms of UTI depend on whether the lower urinary tract is infected or the upper urinary tract is infected.
Some common symptoms of a lower UTI are:
Some common symptoms of upper UTI are:
Antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment of urinary tract infections as most cases of UTI are caused by bacteria. Your doctor will prescribe antibiotics considering many factors including the severity of infection, your health condition and the causative bacterium. Treatment also depends on whether the lower or upper urinary tract is infected. In most cases, UTI can be treated with oral antibiotics at home. You will be given antibiotics for about a week. The duration of antibiotic therapy depends on the severity of infection, your health and if you are at the risk of developing complications because of some associated disease, such as diabetes.
Some of the commonly prescribed antibiotics for urinary tract infections include:
Though all possible measures have been taken to ensure accuracy, reliability, timeliness and authenticity of the information; Onlymyhealth assumes no liability for the same. Using any information of this website is at the viewers' risk. Please be informed that we are not responsible for advice/tips given by any third party in form of comments on article pages . If you have or suspect having any medical condition, kindly contact your professional health care provider.


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Solifuge Roma, Italy
Solifuge was born on January 1999.
In 2001 they recorded the debut EP "Solifuge".
After some years of live shows, and changing some band members, Solifuge started working hard in the studio creating new songs, performing some live show.
In 2011 all new songs were recorded and the new CD will be realized in 2012.
Solifuge are:
Mad Curtis: Vox
Black King Campus: Guitars
Luk: Bass
Gianluca: drums ... more


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The young men included in our first rankings of the ESPN Top 60 national prospects in the Class of 2010 are all exceptionally advanced high school sophomores. These players have shown outstanding potential as varsity players during this past year.
These ratings most definitely will change; these young men still have two seasons of high school basketball remaining, not to mention all of the offseason events. Please look at this initial ESPN Top 60 as a good beginning in the player rankings for the Class of 2010.
Our pick as the No. 1 player in this class is multitalented, 6-foot-3 guard Brandon Knight. Knight, who plays for Pine Crest Academy (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.). Knight was the top rising sophomore at our Bob Gibbons Tournament of Champions in May. He also was the most impressive 2010 prospect at the Reebok Summer Championships in Las Vegas in July. Knight has skills similar to those of point guard Brandon Jennings, the No. 1 player in the Class of 2008. But Knight is taller, stronger and appears to be just as athletic as Jennings.
Rated No. 2 is the most promising big man in the Class of 2010, 6-9 C/F James Tyler of San Diego Senior High School. Tyler has great low-post skills for a player so young, including good range on his shot. He was the only rising sophomore invited to the LeBron James Skills Academy in July. And, he competed well at that event. There are rumors that Tyler may attend another high school for his junior year. But that is purely speculation at this time.
The No. 3-rated 2010 prospect is Indiana all-state player 6-7 P/WF DeShaun Thomas. The athletic Thomas, who plays for Bishop Luers High School (Fort Wayne, Ind.), has the talent to play multiple positions -- shooting guard and either forward spot -- and outstanding overall skills for a young player. He has the size to effectively play an inside-outside game and the ability to post up smaller wing players. Thomas made an early commitment to Ohio State, which some now question. Thomas has refused to comment on his status, other than to say Ohio State is still his top school, but he may consider taking other visits during the next two years. Presently, he is listed as still committed to the Buckeyes. That will remain the case until he officially declares that he is not.
Our No. 4 prospect is the top 2010 sophomore in New York City, 6-4 shooting guard Doron Lamb, who plays for Brooklyn's Bishop Loughlin High School. Our scouting associate, Norm Eavenson, now rates Lamb as the No. 1 sophomore in the mid-Atlantic region. Lamb had an excellent season for Bishop Loughlin. He has a silky-smooth shooting touch that we compare to North Carolina standout Wayne Ellington's. Lamb is already being recruiting by many major college programs, including Louisville, Florida, Connecticut, Xavier, Georgia Tech, Maryland, Rutgers, Syracuse, Virginia, Seton Hall and St. John's.
Rated No. 5 is Toronto resident 6-8 P/WF Tristan Thompson of St. Benedict's School (Newark, N.J.). Thompson was the valuable sixth man on coach Danny Hurley's nationally ranked (24-1) St. Benedict's team. He has the skills and athletic ability to play either forward position. Thompson made the 16-and-under all-tournament team playing for Grassroots Canada in the Bob Gibbons Tournament of Champions last May. He has been invited to the 2008 NBPA Top 100 Camp. Thompson has made an early commitment to coach Rick Barnes' Texas Longhorns. Could he become another Kevin Durant in three years? It is possible under Barnes' tutelage.
Completing the 2010 "Super Six" is precocious point guard and team leader Kendall Marshall, who stands at 6-foot-3 and plays for Bishop O'Connell High School. (Arlington, Va.). Marshall is incredibly advanced for a player so young, and he started as a freshman point guard for coach Joe Wootten's team. He also was the starting point man for a highly regarded AAU team, the Boo Williams All-Stars, in the summer of 2007. Marshall showcased his leadership, ballhanding, playmaking and scoring skills at the NBPA Top 100 Camp in June. He committed in September to coach Roy Williams' North Carolina Tar Heels.
At this time 16 of ESPN's 2010 Top 60 have announced their college choices.
Leading the way are coach Thad Matta's Ohio State Buckeyes with four -- count 'em, four -- 2010 commitments. In addition to No. 3 DeShaun Thomas, Ohio State has received verbals from No. 7, rugged 6-6 PF Jared Sullinger, Northland High School (Columbus, Ohio); No. 12, 6-1 PG Trae Golden, McEachern High School (Powder Springs, Ga.); and No. 43, 6-4 SG Cameron Wright, Benedictine High School (Cleveland).
Illinois and North Carolina both have two 2010 Top 60 commits. We expect others members of the Class of 2010 to soon announce their collegiate choices.
Bob Gibbons is the editor and publisher of the All Star Sports Report and is widely regarded as the recruiting guru of college basketball. Drop Bob a line in his mailbag.


text:
ORA-14638: cannot MERGE subpartitions in different Range Composite partitions
Cause : Attempted to MERGE subpartitions in different Range Composite partitions
Action - How to fix it : DBA Scripts :: www.high-oracle.com/scripts
Reissue the command after ensuring that the 2 subpartitions being merged lie in the same composite partition
Well, the reason for above error is that i have taken the above script from a 11g database and running it on 10g database. 11g has bring some changes in password management. Below code is executed on 11g and user created successfully, which is expected result.


text:
2 agents found
Springbok Properties ,Tel: 0161 416 6302 Local call rate
Springbok Properties offers a market-beating alternative to the traditional way of selling property. We have grown from selling 4 properties a month in March 2012 to selling 230 properties a month in March 2016. How have we grown so quickly? Simple: our entire organisation is aligned to one mission, and only one providing the best customer service humanly possible. With the continued support and word of mouth recommendations of our satisfied customers, our goal is to grow even further and a
Wara Limited, HalifaxTel: 03339 390808 Local call rate
Wara Ltd are an Online Estate Agents. We are a family run business that started as we were not happy with the service we received when selling our own property. We have seen the market peak and fall and we have seen many agents starting up and trying to compete with us without keeping the service there. Our fees are low but we know what we are doing and we are good at what we do. We do not compare to many of the new estate agents opening up who think it is easy money.
- 1


text:
American Stuff
Другие идеи пользователя American
Washing instructions
Wash your hands! You know where they've been!
How to fit a man in a washing machine. Warning! Do not try this at home!
Very strange washing machine!
Crime scene do not cross
I think I misread the washing label symbols
The police decided he was clean and they let him go
Driving a car! Not quite the same as using a washing machine!
Courtney Stodden Bikini Car Wash
Madonna Wash All Over Me


text:
If you are hassles in preparing theses and dissertations, then you do not have to feel panicked and confused, because you can still finish the dissertation task quickly and the results were satisfactory. You just need to consult with a team of Writeright, then everything needs writing assignments, thesis and dissertation will be done quickly, professionally, and the results of the original writings. For more solution please visit site located at www.writing-dissertation.org
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text:
Which is Higgins favorite smell at the zoo ? IS it an animal, a plant, popcorn, cotton candy, hot dogs, the monkeys, the rhino... what?
Fun and Adventure Book Series
7x9, 32 pages, 24.95
by Michael Dean
Where in the World AM
...Books are fun and smell great! Can you guess the mystery location by smelling clues? Each book has clues about different places, locations and things.
Where in the World AM
Scratch and Sniff Learning books:
COMING fall 2013-
Sniff Dog Books
Sniff Around Central Park
Sniff Around San Francisco
Sniff Around the World
Sniff People Books
What's on the Farm Book-
Where Am I #1
Where Am I #2
Where Am I #3
You must solve the " location mystery with the smells in the book"
Sniff Around The Zoo
... ( fall 2013)
page 8
The zoo has smells like no other place...
When the animals come up and lick myf ace...
They like peanuts and carrots and apples and seeds!
Right from my hand they eat and they feed.
Some animals are shy.. And some are bold
Giraffes and elephants never get cold
This Zoo is special... it has one thing...
It has an animal with a giant white ring.
Where in The World is Higgins? What is the smell on this page?
Sniff Around The Zoo
A Scratch and Sniff Educational Travel Book
Sniff Around the World
Which City- Which Country A great way to learn
A Multi-sensory experience
About Sniff
What is Sniff Publishing
Scent Basics
Partial Scent List
Sniff Books
Scratch N Sniff books are fun!
About Sniff Dog Books
A Scent-Sational day in the life of a Dog's Nose
Sniff Around the Lake
Sniff Around the Park
Sniff Around the Yard
Bo Sniffs Around the White House
Where in The World Am I
Sniff Around the Farm
Sniff Around the BallPark
Sniff Travel Books
Sniff Around The Zoo
Sniff Book Reviews
Digital Interactive Books
Interactive digital & Ebook Development
Order Books
Author Inquiry
Publish Your Smelly Book Story
Author / Book Publishing Inquiry
Order Books
Media Contact
Book Distributor / Book Store / Sales Rep - ONLY


text:
How to Find the Right Market Intelligence Technology for Your Company
~ featuring ~
JP Ratajczak is Senior Manager of Intelligence Systems at Aurora WDC
Michel Bernaiche is Director of Program Development at Aurora WDC
Information systems harness the potential to alter the competitive landscape by fostering better decision making.
How have expectations for technology capabilities and user experience changed over time, and how might you leverage these changes to your company's advantage?
Intelligence information collection techniques are evolving at vastly different rates: ten years ago, data gathering transitioned quickly from hard copy to digital formats. Other data collection methods have been more resistant to the drivers of change. Web scraping and page tracking techniques have demonstrated ongoing relevance.
Which collection capabilities change the landscape today?
On-premise installations of expensive, high-maintenance systems continue to pose stubborn challenges, in the meanwhile.
In this transitional environment for intelligence systems, IT innovations prompt inquiries such as: How will cloud-based software and tailored deliverables foster efficiencies and contribute to better decision-making? What will the ever-growing user expectations for data visualization performance mean for intelligence analysts and managers? How can intelligence teams be expected to get the right information to the right decision maker at the right time?
Which features of new technologies are most critical to your company? How are collection methodologies, processing abilities, analytical capabilities, information dissemination features, and other components of information systems poised to make impact in your organization?
Join us in this important exploration of technological evolution and intelligence innovation and discover how investments in information systems can deliver immediate, positive outcomes through increased competitive advantage.
Learning Objectives:
- Discover the evolution of intelligence technology such that they might "learn from the past to understand the present."
- Learn about the most important features of technology systems and determine which are most critical for them in evaluating and selecting products to meet unique client needs.
- Realize that near-term investments in technology yield substantial long-term beneficial results as CI/MI/KM teams consequently save time, increase visibility, and make greater impact via more personalized, efficiently delivered intelligence: Investments in technology will ultimately benefit decision makers who will more quickly grow marketplace competitiveness.
About the Provocateur
JP Ratajczak is a Senior Manager of Intelligence Systems at Aurora WDC, where he leads all aspects of technology client service. Prior to joining Aurora in 2014, he most recently spent 7 years in Deloitte's HUMINT program and leading research for the Deloitte CEO's Communications team. Mr. Ratajczak has held various national and regional leadership roles for SCIP for 15 years and was a co-author of Conference and Tradeshow Intelligence. He earned a B.A. in Research/Intelligence Analysis and an M.S. in Organizational Leadership from Mercyhurst University.
We hope you can join us.
Register for this Webinar


text:
Review for ThreadBubble by Kasee Palaniappan
Good But! Rated 4 out of 5 stars
Good but the bad part is I cannot see the new messages any more in the top. Does not matter I am not going to remove this utility from my thunderbird until I find a better one.
To create your own collections, you must have a Mozilla Add-ons account.


text:
Grass Fields are OPEN!
Team Directory
Kickoff Classic Tournament
Kick Off Classic Registration
Kick Off Classic Rules
Kick Off Classic Permission to Host
2017 Applied Teams
2017 TOURNAMENT T-Shirts
Tournament Inclement Weather Policy
Guest Player Form
3v3 Summer League
3v3 Summer League Rules
3v3 Summer League Waiver
Fall 2017-Spring 2018 Travel Soccer
Travel Girls
Travel Boys
HSC Code of Conduct
First Kick-U4
Rec Programs
Field Layout
Coaching Resources
2017 Golf Outing
HSC Calendar
2017 Summer Camps
Board Members
Our soccer programs are broken into three groups: Recreation, for children up to age 10, Travel, for children born in 2009 or earlier, and TOPSoccer, for children with physical and mental disabilities.
Our Travel seasons are Fall (early September through late November) and Spring (early March through late May).
Last summer, we were pleased to launch a new 3v3 Summer League, an informal league that is dedicated to getting your child extra touches on the ball throughout the summer. Please contact your coach for details. The 3v3 Summer League is open to teams from all area clubs.
Registration for the following Fall Season takes place in April for Travel teams and opens in May for Recreation teams.
Our Recreation season is held every Fall from early September through late October.
Our TOPSoccer season is held every Fall from early September through late October.
We also offer a Spring Rec Soccer Academy for our recreation players, that includes a Spring Intermural Program for the older recreation age players. The Spring Rec Soccer Academy is presented in partnership with
, Jersey Premier Soccer, who provide professional training for all our players.
Site Links
TOPSports of Ha...
Harrison Soccer...
South Jersey Gi...
South Jersey So...
New Jersey Yout...
US Club Soccer
Soccer Tournaments
Contact Us
Harrison Soccer Club
P.O. Box 673Mullica Hill NJ 08062William Wilt Soccer Complex
Copyright © 2017 Harrison Soccer Club
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text:
Ski Areas January Learn to Ski and Snowboard specials!
Many Ski Areas have Learn To Ski and Snowboard deals throughout the month of January. Check the ISKINY website for links to ski areas around New York State for their deals!
- Holiday Valley Resort - Jan 2-31: 20% off our Learn to Ski or Learn to Ride packages, also Bring a Friend offer – if you bring a friend who purchases a learn to ski package you get a free group lesson. If your friend purchases a 1-2-3 Go package (3 sessions) you get a free private lesson.
- Hunter Mountain - Purchase a Single Pak (Sunday through Friday, non-holiday) and get a second Single Pak FREE!! That's a $79 value! - The second visit is valid in the months of January and February, Sun-Fri, non-holiday for the named individual on the voucher with photo ID. Original sale must be made in person during the month of January. Not valid for on-line customers.
- Kissing Bridge Ski Area - Learn to Ski or Snowboard package which includes a 90 minute lesson, ski or snowboard rental and a beginner hill lift ticket for $70.00. There will be no blackouts for this promotion during the month of January.
- Labrador Mountain
- After the first lesson, a Badger lift ticket.
- This program is for first time skiers or snowboarders only.
- Minimum age required for the $25.00 offer is 7 years and older. This program is available every day in January
- Oak Mountain - Buy 2 get one free. (For beginners group lessons only, must make reservations ahead of time).
- Peek 'n Peak Resort - Buy one Learn to Ski or Snowboard Beginner Package get one Free and a Buy one Learn to Ski or Snowboard Better Package get one free. January 19 – 21 , 2012 is excluded from this offer.
The program allows three visits for just $25.00 each time. Includes rental equipment and a 1½-hour group lesson at special times.
- Royal Mountain - $50 learn to ski and snowboard package. Includes rental, lesson and beginners area lift ticket.
- Swain Resort - $39 First Turns Learn to Ski or Board Package during the month of January (not valid Jan 19-21).
We have Family Ski & Board Week planned Jan 5-11
Two or more generations purchasing a First Turns Packages at the same time can experience the following rates:
$25 Ages 17 & under / $35 Adults
To ensure a consistent, age-appropriate learning environment, children and adults will have separate lessons.
- Toggenburg Mountain Winter Sports Center - January Learn To Ski Special of $25 all month long.
ANYTIME: Apply the price of your First Turns Learn to Ski or Board Package towards the price of a season pass, for this season or next!
- Thunder Ridge Ski Area - Offers an adult $70 Monday -Thursday Non-Holiday, lesson, lift and rental package.
Fri., Sat., Sun. $99 adults, $89 age 8-12.
- Toggenburg Mountain - Buy one Learn To Ski/Snowboard package get one free - all month long!
- Whiteface Mountain - Offering a $59 learn to ski or snowboard package (lifts, lessons and rental) any mid-week day.


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Capitol Building in Washington D.C.
I. Introduction
Some countries in the world believe that democracy is the best form of government in which presidential democracy or parliamentary democracy is used to fit with situation of each country. United States is a good example of presidential democracy which the President has strong power to make decision in administration, military action, and also can exert veto power to the legislature. On the other hand, most democratic countries have preferred parliamentary democracy in which a Prime Minister is dependent on the vote of confidence of the Parliament elected by the people. Another interesting case is that some parliamentary democracies have monarchy who acts as head of state such as United Kingdom, Japan, Cambodia, Malaysia, etc. In addition, some countries have mixed system between the two constitutional designs by having the President and the Prime Minister as can be seen in France and other countries. According to changing domestic situations, there are also cases that some countries have switched from parliamentary system to presidential system (i.e. Sri Langka), but we rarely see the reverse case (president to parliament). Both systems have their own pro and con which are under comprehensive discussion and study by some scholars as follows:
II. Issues
Some issues are raised as follows:
- The importance of political institutions in accounting for the success or failure of democracy.
- Comparison between presidentialism and parliamentarianism,
- The relationship between the executive and legislative branches of government,
- The patterns of dominance and balance of power (majoritarian and consensus models of democracy), and - power-sharing formula and mixed solution.
III. Political Institutions (Arend Lijphart, Juan Linz, and Mathew Shugart and Jonh Carey)
1. Arend Lijphart
- Arend Lijphart is a critic of presidential government, but based on different grounds from Juan Linz, and other scholars. Especially, he did not address the rigidity and immobilism produced by presidentialism in the political process, he focused on additional weakness: its strong inclination toward majoritarian democracy (executive dominance) where, instead, a consensual form of democracy (balance between the executive and the legislature) is needed. His overall conclusion is that presidentialism spells majoritarianism which the concentration of the political power is in the hand of the majority (the president, if he or she is the repository of power).
- He defined presidential and parliamentary regimes in terms of two crucial differences. First, in parliamentary democracy, the head of government and his or her cabinet are dependent on the legislature's confidence. In presidential systems, the head of government is elected for a fixed period and cannot be forced by the legislature to resign. The second crucial difference is that presidential head of government are popularly elected either directly or indirectly, and that the prime ministers are selected by the legislatures. Furthermore, he came up to a conclusion that a third essential difference is the majoritarian tendency of presidential democracy.
- By making a statistical analysis on the cabinet types and durability in 31 parliamentary democracies from 1945-96, he found that minimal winning one-party cabinets have the longest average life span. Minimal winning one-party cabinets and minimal winning coalition last longer than minority and oversized cabinets. Oversized coalitions and one-party minority cabinets actually have very similar durations: oversized cabinets last slightly less long according to the first measure (broad definition of cabinet duration) but slightly longer according to the second (narrow definitions of cabinet duration). Minority coalitions have the shortest life.
Criticism: Based on the concept of separation of power and balance of power, Arend Lijphart found that there are two types of power that president can achieve: partisan powers (France) or constitutional power (US). He did not mention the power of the Prime Minister in the parliamentary democracy, but I think that the prime minister can only have the partisan power. Although he have conducted some study on different levels of executive dominance and the executive-legislative relations, and the types of cabinets and cabinet durability, in 36 countries in the period 1945-96, I think his comparative study has been made by using a big time span (half a century) which can result in misleading comparison as changes of political regimes and political institution in those countries occurred within different time slots. Actually, he did not mention his methodology of his research.
2. Juan Linz
- He was the first scholar who has made a controversial and reviving argument that parliamentarism is more conducive to stable democracy than presidentialism, especially for nations with deep political cleavages and numerous political parties. In another word, parliamentarism generally offers a better hope for preserving democracy. Linz's argument was seriously criticized by Horowitz on the ground that the former just narrowly focused on the experience of Latin America and overlooked other important powers that the president has. However, Linz and Hororitz was synthesized by Lipset who explained the importance of cultural factor (religions and former British colonies) in determining the stability of democratic regime.
- Based on the theory of zero-sum game, Juan Linz criticized that presidentialism is problematic because it operates according to the rule of "winner-take-all", arrangement that tends to make democratic politics a zero-sum game. Combining with the rigidity of the president' fixed term in office, the danger of zero-sum presidential election is compounded, resulting in tension and polarization of the national society.
- Linz argued that presidentialism has rigidity and immobility due to the president's fixed term in office while the parliamentarism offers adaptability for the regime to move with flexibility. However, as he expected that his argument would be under some criticism by other scholars, he made an advance defense for his argument that due to unavoidable uncertainty, the aim of his essay had been merely to help recovered a debate on the role of the alternative democratic institutions in building democratic polities.
3. Mathew Shugart and Jonh Carey
- The two scholars focused on a set of regimes (presidentialism, parliarmentarianism, and hybrid systems such as premier-presidential, and president-parliamentary) that have received little attention from comparativists. Their comprehensive study on presidents and assemblies by focusing on constitutional design and electoral dynamics are exploring the best choices in democratic regime types. Based on efficiency (the ability of elections to serve as a means for voters to chose among the competing government options available to them) and representativeness (the ability of elections to articulate and provide voice in the assembly for diverse interest), they studied the interaction between and electoral consequences of the assemblies and executives.
- Much of their works is dealing with the systems with elected president. Presidential government ("pure" presidentialism) is defined as: 1) the popular election of the chief executive; 2) the terms of the chief executive and assembly are fixed, and are not contingent on mutual confidence; 3) the elected executive names and directs the composition of the government; and 4) the president has some constitutionally granted lawmaking authority.
- In this system, the President has constitutional legislative power (veto) and delegated presidential power. In addition, the two scholars also discussed on the weakness and strength of presidentialism. For weakness, the fundamental deficiency of this system is temporal rigidity, majoritarian tendencies, and dual democratic legitimacy. For the advantage side, presidentialism offers at least four potential advantages over parliamentary democracy such as accountability, identifiability, mutual checks, and arbiter.
- Criticism: Shugart and Carey made a little discussion on parliamentarianism and focused on the importance of presidentialism. I think that even though they did not say directly that presidentialism is better than parliamentarianism, they did provide the defense for presidentialism and stress the ability of the presidential regime to have both efficiency and representativeness while they indicated that parliamentarianism can only have efficiency and lacks of representativeness. Unlike other scholars, such as Linz and Lijphart who support parliamentarianism, the two scholars did not take stand on presidentialism or parliamentarianism, but they did provide the basic choices in democratic regime types.


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culinary kick-start: Brooklyn FoodWorks
in late March, we hosted an intimate pop-up dinner for some of our New York friends at Brooklyn FoodWorks—a career creation platform which exists to help educate + empower culinary start-ups by providing access to high-end kitchen space, mentors + other utilities. Without their aid, launching a new business in the bustling New York market seems to be a daunting task. We were interested in learning more about Brooklyn FoodWorks, as well as their space + mission, so we met with Managing Director, Edie Feinstein, to take a deeper dive into the inner workings of a Brooklyn-based food incubator.
hg: when + how did Brooklyn FoodWorks come to be? What role in the food industry did you feel needed to be addressed with an operation such as Brooklyn FoodWorks?
edie: we started Brooklyn FoodWorks because we saw a gap in the market with the lack of tools + resources available to food entrepreneurs. We originally opened in February 2016 after receiving a grant from the city to build out our space in the historic Pfizer building. The New York City Economic Development Corporation (EDC) in conjunction with the Brooklyn Borough President's Office put out an RFP (Request For Proposal) for a shared commercial kitchen in Brooklyn. We submitted and won the bid, and received a 1.3M grant to build out our space. Brooklyn FoodWorks recently celebrated its 1st birthday (yay!) and we hope to continue to operate as the premier kitchen incubator locally in NYC + virtually for entrepreneurs everywhere.
hg: what services do you offer to small, start-up food businesses to help propel them into such a competitive marketplace?
edie: we first walk entrepreneurs through the process of getting all of their paperwork together so that they are able to produce in our kitchen. We also have a robust mentorship program, which includes about 40 industry professionals who volunteer their time to meet with our members. These mentors are experts in a variety of fields such as finance, law, packaging, branding, marketing + social media. We are in the early days of building out a distribution system, and thinking about solutions for warehousing finished product.
"Starting a business is hard, but we try to simplify it as much as possible."
hg: your kitchens are top of the line—what are some of the tools + equipment you offer to your members that perhaps they couldn't easily access or afford elsewhere?
edie: a huge benefit to joining a space like ours is access to commercial grade, industrial equipment. This includes large mixers (6-60 qt) and food processors (47 qt), a rotating rack Baxter oven, 30 gallon tilt skillets + a blast freezer. Beyond that, people join for the community of like minded entrepreneurs and a support network that's hard to come by if not in a shared space like this.
hg: apart from kitchens, you also house a co-working space which allows these business owners to tackle the non-food side of business operations. Explain a bit about why this is important, especially to those just starting out in the food industry.
edie: starting a food business takes a lot of time inside + outside of the kitchen! You have to keep up production while also creating a business plan, developing relationships, ordering ingredients + packaging and pursuing sales. While you could work from home, it's great to have a non-isolating space to take care of administrative tasks. Another big benefit of the co-working space is working alongside like-minded business owners and having the support of others while facing the challenges of starting a business. The frequent samples + snacks don't hurt either.
hg: tell us a bit about your mentorship program + what insights it provides to your members. Who are some mentors + partners that lend their knowledge in aiding these start-ups alongside Brooklyn FoodWorks?
edie: we have an awesome mentorship program, including about 40 mentors who are experts in a range of fields like PR, marketing/branding, law, or packaging. They commit an hour per month to meet with our members in one on one sessions, which is a big help for many new businesses. Some of our mentors include Sarah Crowder for food photography, Rob Leichman for brand management and business development + Katie Klencheski for branding.
hg: with Brooklyn FoodWorks being a collaborative environment, do you notice that businesses feed off one another + help each other grow/expand into the marketplace?
edie: definitely—this is one of the biggest draws of the shared environment. We have an online forum where members can post questions + answers on any topic, which is used frequently. We host monthly member happy hours so everyone can get to know one another (although this happens organically anyway), and benefit from each others experiences. If one business is having a problem this week, there's a good chance someone else experienced it + fixed it last month.
"We are also seeing many member businesses collaborate with one another, which is awesome."
hg: who are some "success stories" that have emerged from Brooklyn FoodWorks?
edie: we've been able to watch lots of businesses grow into successful companies + brands, which is really exciting. Some great ones include Zesty Z, who just started with a national distributor and Jalapa Jar, who we've watched open one brick + mortar kiosk and scout a second.
hg: we're quite familiar with the Philadelphia food scene, but Brooklyn (+ New York as a whole) is at a much larger scale. What are some key factors that play into the success (or failure) of a food business in Brooklyn?
edie: the concept of a "Brooklyn made" brand is becoming popular, not just locally, but also worldwide. In turn, there are tons of cool food businesses being born here + a huge demand to match. The New York consumer market is curious and willing to spend money on local + high quality products. On the flip side, everything in New York is more expensive. Having to pay more on things like rent, storage + gas can make business margins lower and thus more risky than in other cities.
hg: what "edge" do you feel businesses linked to Brooklyn FoodWorks gain over the competition?
edie: the ability to bounce questions off of mentors and other members means that these businesses can iterate and grow at a faster clip. They have such an amazing support network, and all of us are here to cheer them on—giving them opportunities to succeed. Not many new businesses have that at the onset.
hg: are there any particulars to the area of Brooklyn where you're based that help make this location unique?
edie: honestly, the location is quite remote, and there's not tons in the direct area. However, that's what allows us to have such a great space. In the greater Brooklyn area, most of our businesses are involved in the local community through things like markets + demos. There are tons of specialty food stores in Brooklyn that place an emphasis on buying locally made, small batch products, which is a great initial retail market for our CPG companies.
While the location is isolated, the building itself has become a hub for food startups in the area. We're in the old Pfizer pharmaceutical factory, so the open floor plan is ideal for production. Lots of our businesses collaborate with other food brands in the building, and there's a cool little community that has formed.
hg: you hosted our private pop-up dinner in your space prior to our Brooklyn opening. What other types of events do you offer? Do you offer any "workshop" type seminars?
edie: we plan frequent workshop/lecture style events for our members + the community, and also open the space up for anyone to rent to host their own events (events calendar here). Some examples of recent lectures we've hosted include crowdfunding + food photography, and then other events like a Malaysian pop-up dinner. Outside of our programming, anyone can rent out our private kitchen space for things like cooking classes, dinners or photoshoots. Just email firstname.lastname@example.com if you're interested in learning more!
hg: is there any advice you'd like to pass along to those looking to start their very own Brooklyn food business?
"It isn't easy."
With a great product idea anyone can be successful, but it's going to take hustle + lots of hard work!
for more information + their events calendar, visit Brooklyn FoodWorks' website. Be sure to follow them on Facebook, Instagram + Twitter for additional updates + photos!


text:
Our banks:what's bugging us
by Alan Thornhill
Bank customers, worried about high fees and poor service have left Australia's big four banks facing their lowest satisfaction ratings in three years.
A new survey, by Roy Morgan Research, found that although only some 5 per cent of bank customers are classed as "dissatisfied," their complaints may well need to be addressed, to produce wider levels of satisfaction.
So what were they?
Predictably, fees and charges took top spot.
The researchers said: problems in this area were the most frequently mentioned.
They said customers generally felt that many fees were not justified and a backward step.
Their comments had included: "It used to be free and now they charge me a monthly account keeping fee"; "they charge for silly things"; "fees exorbitant"; "…they're at uni studying and if balance is low they charge fees" and "…extreme overcharging of fees".
The researchers also said: "the second most frequently mentioned problem,(was) poor service.
This had spanned a wide range of issues including: "not enough service, prefer you to be out the door"; "poor service and too much focus on profits and shareholders"; "no follow-up service"; "very inflexible"; and "poor service and listening skills".
The researchers said poor service, spanned a wide range of issues including: "not enough service, prefer you to be out the door"; "poor service and too much focus on profits and shareholders"; "no follow-up service"; "very inflexible"; and "poor service and listening skills".
Then there were branch issues, the Roy Morgan organisation said.
A major branch-related problem was to do with branch closures such as: "they keep closing their branches, very difficult to go to branch"; "removal of branches";"…closing branches and this results in diminishing service"; "…the branch moved…no close local branch". Other branch issues related to poor service in the branch: "reduced over-counter service…push to electronic banking"; "waiting time in branches"; "not enough tellers".
Malcolm Turnbull's gamble
by Alan Thornhill
Placating dissidents is risky.
But Malcolm Turnbull was not deterred, a few days ago, when he sent Liberal dissidents a message, from a news conference.
The Prime Minister said ": I am listening very keenly and carefully to concerns that have been raised by my colleagues and of course by other people in the community as well."
He was, of course, was speaking to a small, but very active group, of Liberal dissidents, who want bigger tax breaks, on superannuation, for their wealthy voters.
The South Australian, Cory Bernardi, who was among the first to speak out on this issue, welcomed the assurance.
The ABC reported that he said Mr Turnbull had been "unbelievably receptive and respectful of differences of opinion on policy issues, including in superannuation."
But not all are convinced.
Another conservative Senator, George Christiansen, is threatening to cross the floor – and vote against – what he calls a Labor style policy if the government does not drop its proposed $500,000 cap, on tax free superannuation reforms.
The budget contained two main superannution reforms, a $500,000 contributions cap and a $1.6 million pension fund limit.
The Financial Planning Association chief executive Dante De Gori has described these as good measures, but warned confidence in the super system could be eroded by the retrospective effects of the $500,000 contributions cap.
The dissidents do not agree.
One West Australian MP, among their number, says the Liberals would not have lost votes, as they did, in the July 2 elections, if well heeled voters could have been enticed out to polling stations, to hand out how to vote cards.
Ian Yates the Chief Executive of the Council on the Ageing, said "the fact that the Prime Minister and Treasurer are under pressure to reverse sound policy to make super fairer, based on a weak narrative about selected poor election results and fewer well-heeled supporters manning polling booths, would be laughable if it wasn't so serious."
He said: ""…superannuation tax breaks cost over $25 billion in foregone revenue.
"Middle and lower earners, the majority of whom are women, have to pay more in taxes – both now and in the future – to pay for super tax breaks that largely benefit high-income men,"Mr Yates said.
Several other bodies also vowed to fight the dissidents' campaign when Mr Turnbull softened his stance on the matter last Sunday, after declaring in the recent election campaign that the government's position on the matter was "ironclad."
Perhaps the most significant of those declarations, for the government, was that from GetUp, which said it is ready to fight on this matter.
Especially as it showed, before the election that it has some skills, in this area.
Buying a home? Why it's still a struggle
by Alan Thornhill
Australians planning to buy new homes are still finding them less affordable.
However, a new survey, by the Housing Industry Association confirms that significant differences between the various State capitals persist.
The association's Affordability Report, published today, showed that affordability overall fell by 3.7 per cent in the June quarter.
It was also 2.1 per cent less favorable than that of the same period a year earlier.
The Association said the capital city housing affordability index fell by 4.3 per cent during the quarter, while regional market index experienced a 1.9 per cent improvement.
"Home price growth moderated in the early part of the year and the HIA Housing Affordability Index showed an improvement in affordability during the March 2016 quarter," HIA Economist, Geordan Murray said.
"However, in the June quarter dwelling price growth returned and the index reverted to the level we saw at the end of 2015," he added.
"While there was a decline in the headline index tracking the national picture, there was substantial variation around the country – with substantial differences between states, and also differences between capital city markets and regional markets."
"The geographic variation in affordability is most evident in the comparison between Melbourne and Perth," Mr Murray said.
Over the last year, the median dwelling price in Perth has fallen by 4.7 per cent while Melbourne's has grown by 11.5 per cent," he added.
This has seen the affordability index for Perth increase by 6.2 per cent over the last year, while the index for Melbourne has fallen by 6.2 per cent."
"These differences in affordability align with the relative economic performance of these two states.
"The Western Australian economy is navigating the tail end of the mining boom which has seen conditions in the local labour market deteriorate and consequently the rate of population growth has fallen quite sharply.
" In contrast, Victoria has experienced a healthy level of growth in the labour force and continues to record the strongest rate of population growth in the country," Mr Murray said.
During the June 2016 quarter, improvements in affordability were observed in three capital cities with the largest improvement in Perth (+3.2 per cent), Darwin (+2.9 per cent) and Hobart (+2.2 per cent).
Affordability worsened in the remaining five capital cities during the March 2016 quarter with the largest decline recorded in Melbourne (-7.4 per cent), followed by Canberra (-5.7 per cent), Sydney (-1.6 per cent), Adelaide (-1.3 per cent), and Brisbane (-1.0 per cent).
Australian property investors "less confident" NAB
by Alan Thornhill
Confidence in Australia's property market has eased since the Reserve Bank cut the nation's interest rates in May.
A survey that the National Australia Bank published today shows that the easing is particularly pronounced among property professionals.
In the first NAB Residential Property Survey since the RBA cut the official cash rate in May this year, housing market sentiment amongst property professionals softened.
The bank said its residential Property Index fell to +3, from +6 in Q1 2016, to remain below its long term average of +13.
"Sentiment moderated in all states except SA/NT, which rose 19 points," it added.
New South Wales joined Victoria as the best performing state, followed by Queensland, the bank said.
"Confidence has however improved, with the national index rising to +29 next year, and +36 in two years' time," it added.
The bank said its residential Property Survey for Q2 2016 also found that respondents expect Victoria and Queensland to provide the best capital returns over the next one to two years.
"It's still a mixed picture across Australia, with house price expectations for the next 12 months holding up well in the eastern states whilst staying flat in SA/NT and continuing to fall sharply in WA," the bank's Chief Economist Alan Oster said.
The bank said it had also revised its national house price forecasts for 2016 upwards to 5.1 per cent (from 1.5 per cent). Unit price forecasts were revised up to 3.6 per cent for 2016.
"Our upwards revisions in price forecasts reflects the strength in prices to date.
Over the last six months, Sydney and Melbourne prices have increased by an annualised rate of nearly 19 per cent and 12 per cent respectively," Mr Oster said.
"However, while there is significant amount of uncertainty over the outlook for prices, we expect that this renewed momentum in the housing market is unlikely to be sustained over the longer term."
Looking out to 2017, NAB forecasts prices to be flat across most capital cities, with falls particularly in Perth, Melbourne and Brisbane.
While the declines in Perth largely reflect economic conditions, the falls in Melbourne and Brisbane can be partly attributed to added supply and weaker investor demand.
"NAB is forecasting a much softer residential property market, with 0.5 per cent growth in house prices and nearly 2 per cent decline in unit prices in 2017," Mr Oster said.
NAB Economics continues to hold the view that residential property prices are unlikely to experience a sharp 'correction' without a trigger from a shock that leaves unemployment or interest rates sharply higher.
The Residential Property Survey series also measures foreign buyer activity in the Australian housing market.
Market share of foreign buyers in new Australian housing markets fell for the third straight quarter in a row – to 10.4 per cent.
A sharp fall in foreign buyer activity in Queensland was offset by growth in Victoria and a modest rise in NSW.
Market share of foreign buyers in established markets was unchanged at 7.2 per cent.
About 230 property professional participated in the Q2 Survey, the bank said.
Borrowing "not immoral" RBA chief
by Alan Thornhill
Too little credit can present risk to an economy, a Reserve Bank chief warned today.
Luci Ellis,who heads the bank's financial stability department said this is something policymakers need to keep in mind.
Addressing a seminar in Sydney, Ms Ellis said the dangers of too much credit are well known.
"Over-exuberant lending and borrowing can mean that some people are getting loans that they have little prospect of being able to repay even in good times," she said.
But she added: "Less well appreciated are the costs of having too little credit available.
"The point here is simply that in recognising that too much credit can be dangerous, we should not instead fall into the trap of thinking of all borrowing as illegitimate or somehow immoral," Ms Ellis said.
"Less credit isn't always and everywhere better.
" The low levels of credit available in economies in the regulated era of past decades are not the benchmark we should be evaluating ourselves against now when we try to assess the risk in the system."
" Some activities can and should be financed with at least some debt, even in bad times – even though there are plenty of others that should not."
Ms Ellis then said: "in their efforts to protect the real economy, policymakers need to ensure that credit is still being supplied to good borrowers even in bad times.
A healthy and resilient banking sector can help achieve that;" Ms Ellis said
"Indeed, it would be difficult to manage it without one," she added
She said though that Australia is not facing a credit squeeze.
"Let me be clear that Australia is not anywhere near having this problem," Ms Ellis said.
"Whatever the concerns about concentration and competition in the Australian financial system, there is plenty of finance readily available to lower-risk customers.
" But some recent examples overseas show the damage that can be done when there isn't enough credit available
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PM's "get out of jail" card
by Alan Thornhill
What happens now that Malcolm Turnbull has at least the 76 lower house seats that he needs to form majority government?
We can expect to see tight government, as the Prime Minister takes up the reins, to start his fresh three year term.
Not quite as tight, though, as the independent Bob Katter has suggested.
Mr Katter warned, not altogether seriously, that a government with a majority of one, might lose a critical vote, if he left Parliament to attend his mother's funeral, or to respond to a call of nature.
That's not a worry
Australian parliaments, thankfully, have civilised arrangements called "pairing" to deal with exigencies like these.
The Opposition Leader, Bill Shorten, though, did raise as serious matter, when he warned of divisions in the Liberal party, particularly those involving the hard right, which supported Tony Abbott against Malcolm Turnbull, last September.
They have not forgotten or forgiven.
That became clear this week, when one member, Cory Bernardi, sent e-mails to supporters, urging them not to "… allow the political left to keep eroding our values, undermining our culture and diminishing our important institutions."
The ratings agency, Standard and Poors, delivered the biggest challenge Mr Turnbull will face late last week, though, when it put Australia's triple A credit rating on "negative watch."
It cited both uncertainties which then existed about the July 2 election results and high levels of both domestic and international debt.
This means that the agency might well downgrade Australia's presently excellent credit rating, if we don't get those issues under control, over the next two years.
An astute Prime Minister might see it as more than that, too.
A "get out of jail free card" in fact.
Even governments which want to keep their pre-election promises often find it very difficult to do so.
So what could Mr Turnbull do, if he finds himself in that all-too-likely position?
Mr Shorten warned, during that eight week election campaign, that this is no time to be giving big companies $50 billion worth of tax cuts, over 5 years, even if they are to be phased in slowly.
And a report funded by Getup and published just days before the election said big miners and cigarette companies would be among the main winners, from that policy, which Mr Turnbull repeatedly said would create more "jobs and growth.
The miners, perhaps.
The cigarette companies.
So some adjustments can be expected there.
Nick Xenophon might also be in for some disappointment when he comes to Canberra, seeking more money, to protect the jobs of steel workers, in his home State of South Australia.
Mr Turnbull might even be able to convince voters that some restraint in these areas is virtuous, as well as necessary, to avoid extra interest rate pain, for home buyers and others.
If he is astute enough.
Glenn Stevens drops a hint
by Alan Thornhill
The Reserve bank left interest rates on hold today, but hinted that there could be another rate cut soon.
After a meeting of the bank's board today, its Governor Glenn Stevens noted that Australia's inflation is low – at 1.3 per cent – and likely to remain so.
Then he added: "Over the period ahead, further information should allow the Board to refine its assessment of the outlook for growth and inflation and to make any adjustment to the stance of policy that may be appropriate."
Mr Stevens also said: "Several advanced economies have recorded improved conditions over the past year."
However he added: "but conditions have become more difficult for a number of emerging market economies.
He said: "China's growth rate has moderated further, though recent actions by Chinese policymakers are supporting the near-term outlook."
The bank last cut its marker interest rate from 2 per cent, to a new record low of 1.75 per cent, in May.
Mr Stevens said: "Commodity prices are above recent lows, but this follows very substantial declines over the past couple of years."
"Australia's terms of trade remain much lower than they had been in recent years."
He also noted the impact of Britain's Brexit decision to leave the European Union but said nothing about Australia's cliffhanger election, last Saturday.
Mr Stevens said global financial markets had been "volatile recently as investors have re-priced assets after the UK referendum.
"But most markets have continued to function effectively," Mr Stevens added.
"Funding costs for high-quality borrowers remain low and, globally, monetary policy remains remarkably accommodative.
"Any effects of the referendum outcome on global economic activity remain to be seen and, outside the effects on the UK economy itself, may be hard to discern," he concluded.
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Australia's next PM? The one who is better on the blower
by Alan Thornhill
Australia's political leaders will be hitting their phones this week, trying to scrape together enough support to give the country stable government for the next three years.
The main rivals, Prime Minister, Malcolm Turnbull, who heads a conservative coalition and Bill Shorten, who leads the Labor party both found themselves short of the 76 seats they would need, in the House of Representatives, to govern in their own right, at the end of the initial, but still incomplete, count.
Late yesterday, Labor had 67 seats, the Coalition 65, others 5 and 13 were still in doubt.
The Australian Electoral Commission had counted 78.2 per cent of the votes cast, at that point.
It will not resume the count until Tuesday, and the final result, for the House, will probably not be known until some time next week.
Mr Turnbull had made much of the need he saw for stability, during the late stages of the eight week election campaign, particularly after Britain's vote to leave the EU.
However the swing to Labor, evident in Saturday's election, showed that voters were more impressed with Mr Shorten's warning that only Labor could be trusted to protect Australia's health insurance system, Medicare.
Mr Turnbull had sought support for a plan centred on tax cuts for big companies and high income earners.
He had warned that a big spending Labor government could not be trusted to manage Australia's economy responsibly.
And, at a news conference today, he welcomed a question from a reporter who asked him if the election result could threaten Australia's TripleA credit rating.
He thanked the reporter and said: "This is why it is very important … for me to explain what is happening at the moment."
"We are simply going through a process of completing a count," Mr Turnbull said.
The Prime Minister also said that he could still form a new government, for the next three years.
However Bill Shorten greeted the initial count with a triumphal declaration.
He conceded that the public might not know the outcome of Saturday's election : "…for some days to come."
"But there is one thing for sure – the Labor Party is back." he said.
But which of these two men is likely to be Australia's Prime Minister over the next three years?
The answer to that question will depend, very much, on their relative telephone skills.
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A novel on the murder of seven young Anglican Christian Brothers in the Solomon Islands.
Available now on the iTunes store.
Alan Thornhill is a parliamentary press gallery journalist.
Private Briefing is updated daily with Australian personal finance news, analysis, and commentary.
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