text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 23, 2002
|Filing date
|Apr 30, 1999
|Priority date
|Apr 30, 1999
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Chapman Young, III
|Original Assignee
|Young, Iii Chapman
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (38), Non-Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (15), Classifications (7), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The invention is a continuous excavation/demolition system based upon the controlled fracturing of hard competent rock and concrete through the controlled application of a high-pressure foam-based fluid in predrilled holes.
For over a century explosive blasting has been the primary means used for the excavation of hard rock and often the demolition of concrete structures. In recent years several small-scale methods employing small explosive or propellant charges or specialized mechanical and hydraulic loading means have been proposed as alternatives to conventional blasting. Conventional blasting is limited in that it requires special precautions due to the use of explosives and that it can cause excessive damage to the rock or concrete being broken. The smaller scale specialized techniques, while finding many niche applications, have been limited in their ability to break harder rocks or in having undesirable operating characteristics. For example, the small-charge explosive and propellant techniques still generate significant airblast and fly rock.
Efforts to develop alternatives to conventional explosive excavation and demolition have included water jets, firing high velocity slugs of water into predrilled holes, rapidly pressurizing predrilled holes with water or propellant generated gases, mechanically loading predrilled holes with specialized splitters, various mechanical impact devices and a broad range of improvements on mechanical cutters. Each of these methods may be evaluated in terms of specific energy (the energy required to excavate or demolish a unit volume of material), their working environment, their complexity, their compatibility with other excavation operations, and the like.
The excavation of hard rock for both mining and civil construction and the demolition of concrete structures are often accomplished with conventional explosives. Due to the very high pressures associated with explosive detonation these operations are hazardous, environmentally disruptive, require considerable security, protection of nearby personnel and equipment and must often be applied on an inefficient cyclic basis (as in conventional drill-blast-ventilate-muck operations).
Efforts to develop continuous and more benign excavation/demolition methods have been ongoing due to persistent problems in the industry. The PCF (Penetrating Cone Fracture) method using small propellant charges has proven the most promising to date. However, the PCF method is most limited as it still generates considerable airblast and fly rock, and as the propellant reaction gases may be comprised of over 50 percent carbon monoxide, a poisonous gas. The strength of the PCF method as compared to the other small-charge, electrical discharge and water cannon methods lies in that the propellant gases are able to maintain sufficient pressure for fracturing as the fracture system grows and increases in volume. It is the continuous and maintained pressurization of the developing fractures that enable the PCF method to work efficiently.
The present invention uniquely overcomes the limitations of all the above excavation/demolition methods. The present invention shows that the proper pressurization of preferred or controlled fractures is the most efficient way to excavate or demolish rock and concrete.
A preferred excavation/demolition method of the invention has the ability to pressurize a controlled fracture (or system of fractures) in such a manner that pressures to just propagate the fractures (without over pressurizing them) are maintained.
A fluid to achieve such controlled pressurization has a viscosity such that the fracturing process occurs over a longer duration and thus at lower pressures. The fluid is able to store energy that can be used to maintain a desired pressure as the fluid expands into the developing fracture system. The generation, control and application of such a preferred fluid is the subject of the current invention. The current invention or method is based upon using high-pressure foam as the fracturing medium. This method is referred to as Controlled-Foam Injection (CFI) fracturing. The Controlled-Foam Injection method overcomes the limitations of the existing explosive, propellant, water and steam fracture pressurization methods.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention is a continuous excavation/demolition system based upon the controlled fracturing of hard competent rock and concrete through the controlled application of a high-pressure foam-based fluid in predrilled holes.
The present invention provides both method and means for maintaining the fracture pressurization needed for efficient fracturing without the adverse aspects of the explosive and propellant based methods.
A preferred fluid may be generated with commercially available pumps and applied to the controlled pressurization of predrilled holes by simple and straight forward valving means. A preferred foam, herein considered preferably to be a two-phase mixture of a liquid and a gas, may have a viscosity several orders of magnitude higher than a gas. Foam escapes from a developing fracture system much more slowly than a gas. With a much slower escape of the fracture pressurizing media, the pressures required to initiate, extend and develop the desired fractures is much lower than if a gas alone is used.
The use of a high viscosity liquid (e.g. water) alone is not sufficient because the relatively incompressible liquid will rapidly lose pressure as the fracture volume increases with fracture growth. A foam in contrast maintains the pressures for efficient fracturing due to the expansion of the gaseous phase of the fluid. Foam has the ability to provide the pressures for efficient controlled fracturing without requiring the excessively high pressures associated with explosives, propellants, water cannons or electrical discharge.
The successful application of a foam based controlled fracturing system of the invention provides the means for generating a foam of certain desirable physical properties; the means to deliver the foam to the bottom of a predrilled hole on an as needed basis, in terms of pressure, pressure time behavior and volume; and the means to limit or control the escape of foam around the barrel or other device used to deliver the foam to the hole bottom.
These and further and other objects and features of the invention are apparent in the disclosure, which includes the above and ongoing written specification, with the claims and the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cutaway side view of the present controlled foam injection apparatus for fracturing rock or concrete showing the device placed in a predrilled hole.
FIG. 2 is a cutaway showing in greater detail the geometry and functioning of the reverse-acting poppet valve and of the annular piston deformation of a ring of deformable material for hole bottom sealing.
FIG. 3 is a cutaway view showing a free-floating annular piston positioned inside the reservoir so as to limit the amount of foam injected in a breakage cycle while delivering the high pressure needed for optimum breakage and preserving the stored energy in the foam, or gas, behind the piston. FIG. 3 shows also CFI injection device modified to provide an explosive, propellant or exploding bridge wire device at the hole bottom to provide for fracture initiation in the material to be broken just prior to the injection and application of high-pressure foam to complete the breakage process. FIG. 3 shows also the location of a conventional pressure transducer which can be used to monitor pressures in the barrel during the breakage process and to control the opening and closing of the fast acting valve used to control the injection of high-pressure foam into the hole.
FIGS. 4A and 4B show a double acting foam generating system driven by conventional hydraulic power with the capability to generate high-viscosity foam and deliver this foam to a CFI breaker.
FIG. 5 shows the configuration of controlled foam injection hardware mounted on a typical carrier having an articulated boom with an indexing feed, which includes a means for drilling a hole and then indexing the CFI barrel into the hole.
FIG. 6 shows the use of two semi-cylindrical pre-formed seal segments aligned to be placed on the CFI injection barrel between the bulb tip and the crush tube. The seal segments may be made just enough smaller than the barrel diameter such that they adhere to the barrel by friction and will thus not require other means to hold them on the barrel as the barrel is inserted into a hole to be fractured.
FIG. 7 shows a modification to the CFI injection device such that the drill steel to drill the hole and the injection barrel are a single entity, thus eliminating the need to withdraw a drill from the hole, index and then insert the CFI injection barrel for breaking.
The Controlled Foam Injection system, as shown in FIG. 1, has a high-pressure reservoir 1 containing a high-pressure foam 2 to be injected into a predrilled hole 3 by means of an injection barrel 4, so as to rapidly pressurize the bottom 5 of the hole and thus cause the initiation and propagation of controlled fractures 6, and to remove or excavate a volume 7 of the material.
The drilled hole 3 may be percussively drilled in the surface 8 of a rock or concrete material, so that microfracturing 9 at the hole bottom assists in the initiation of controlled fractures 6. The injection of high-pressure foam 2 is controlled by a reverse acting poppet (RAP) valve 10 the opening of which is controlled by a conventional valve 11 located externally to the device.
Details of the Controlled Foam Injection system as shown in FIG. 2, show an enlarged tip 12 on the end of the injection barrel 4, with a tip diameter only slightly less than the diameter of the hole 3 and show an annular piston 13 acting on a sealing tube 14 located concentrically along a reduced diameter section of the injection barrel. Displacement of the annular piston 13 and the seal tube 14 in the direction indicated by arrow 15 along the injection barrel 4 towards the enlarged tip 12 serves to compress a deformable sealing material 16 such that the sealing material expands radially outwards against the wall of the hole 3 thus effectively sealing the barrel within the hole. Subsequently, a reverse acting poppet valve 10 is opened by dropping the pressure in a guide tube 17 such that the pressure of the foam in the reservoir rapidly displaces the poppet in the direction indicated by arrow 18 away from its sealing surface 19 and effectively opens the injection barrel for the flow of foam 2 down the barrel and into the hole bottom as indicated by arrows 20 for the controlled fracturing 6 of the material.
Another preferred embodiment detailed cross section of a Controlled Foam Fracturing device with an internal free floating piston 21 for the control of the quantity of foam to be injected is shown in FIG. 3. The free floating annular piston 21 serves to separate the high-pressure foam 2 to be injected from a compressed fluid 22 which may be foam or a gas and which serves to drive the injected foam 2 into the barrel 4 while maintaining a high foam pressure. Once fracture of the material to be broken is initiated, the pressure of the foam in the barrel 4 drops to near zero while the pressure of the foam or gas behind the floating piston 21 is preserved.
The optional use of a small explosive or propellant charge 23 to assist in fracture initiation at the hole bottom is shown also in FIG. 3. The explosive or propellant charge could be initiated by a conventional pressure sensitive primer located in the charge or by conventional electrical means. Alternatively, an exploding bridge wire device could be used at location 23 to provide a short pressure pulse to assist in fracture initiation. The exploding bridge wire device would use a high-voltage, high-current pulse from a conventional electric capacitor source to cause the wire to rapidly vaporize and thus generate a high-pressure shock pulse capable of initiating fractures in the material to be broken.
FIG. 3 shows also the location of a conventional pressure transducer 24 which can be used to monitor pressures inside the barrel 25 through access port 26 during the breakage process and to control the opening and closing of the fast acting valve used to control the injection of high-pressure foam into the hole.
FIG. 3 also shows in greater detail design features of the annular piston 13 and sleeve 14 for compressing the material to form the annular hole bottom seal and of the reverse acting poppet 10 of the fast acting valve to discharge foam from the reservoir 2 into the barrel 4.
FIG. 4A shows the design and functioning of a high-pressure foam generator which could be used to provide the foam for CFI breakage of rock or concrete. The foam generator circuit is shown attached to a CFI breaker 30 with high pressure lines for gas 31 to pressurize the air cushion 22 and for foam 32 to deliver foam to the foam reservoir 2. The high pressure gas may be provided by any conventional pump or intensifier system 33 which also provides high pressure gas to a gas cylinder 34 of the foam generator. Standard check valves 35 to control the direction of flow are shown also. The foam generator is shown with the hydraulic drive piston 36 at the beginning of a foam generating stroke where a conventional hydraulic pump 37 delivers hydraulic fluid as indicated by arrow 38. The resultant leftwards movement of the hydraulic piston 36 displaces an attached high-pressure foam liquid piston 39 and an attached high-pressure gas piston 40. A high-pressure foam liquid cylinder 41 has an annular chamber and is charged with foam liquid by a conventional high-pressure liquid pump 42. As the hydraulic piston 36 drives the foam liquid piston 39 and the air piston 40 the two fluids are displaced simultaneously through a mixer 43 where their mixing results in the generation of a high-pressure foam. The flow of the foam in direction 44 results in the foam being displaced into a foam cylinder 45. The effective cross sectional area of the foam piston 46 is equal to the combined effective areas of the foam liquid piston 39 and the gas piston 40 thus resulting in the filling of the foam cylinder 45 with little or no change in pressure. Once the leftwards displacement of the hydraulic piston and the attached foam liquid, gas and foam cylinder pistons is complete all of the foam liquid and gas will have been combined, mixed and delivered into the foam cylinder 45. The foam generator will then have the configuration shown in FIG. 4B.
Subsequently, the hydraulic piston 36 in FIG. 4B is displaced to the right by hydraulic flow 47 with the result that the attached foam piston 46 displaces the high pressure foam to the foam reservoir 2 of the CFI breaker through check valve 48. This rightwards motion also serves to increase the volumes of the foam liquid and gas cylinders such that they are recharged with liquid and gas by the conventional high-pressure gas 33 and liquid 42 pumps. If a foam with a viscosity too high to be effectively made by mixing a gas and a liquid in the mixer 43 is desired an additional chemical solution may be added to the foam as it is being displaced to the CFI device from foam cylinder 45 by the action of a micro-metering cylinder 49. The metering piston 50 is attached to the foam piston 46 and thus displaces the chemical solution on a proportional basis past check valve 51 to be mixed with the foam being delivered from the foam cylinder 45. The chemical solution may be acidic or basic so that the effective decrease or increase in pH of the foam results in chemical reactions serving to increase the viscosity of the foam. For example a foam could be made initially through the process depicted in FIG. 4A with guar as the gel component and at a high pH (basic) such that the guar does not hydrate. Mixing of this foam with an acidic solution during displacement to the CFI breaker would result in the reduction in the pH of the foam, the hydration of the guar and a concordant increase in foam viscosity. Similarly, a borate crosslinked foam could be made by generating the initial foam with a guar and surfactant solution at a low pH (acidic). During displacement of this foam to the breaker a borate solution with a high pH (basic) would be micro-metered into the foam by the piston 50 such that the borate would crosslink the guar under the influence of the increased pH with a concordant increase in viscosity.
The effective cross sectional areas of the gas cylinder 34 and the foam liquid cylinder 41 in FIG. 4A are proportioned to the desired ratio of gas to liquid in the resulting foam. For making a 50 percent quality foam (50 percent gas phase) the two areas should be equal and thus the total cross-sectional area of the foam liquid piston 39 would be twice the area of the gas piston 40. The quality of the foam in the CFI breaker can be controlled by varying the pressure ratio between the initial 50 percent quality foam and the final pressure delivered to the CFI breaker. For example a 50 percent quality foam initially made at 5,000 psi would have a quality (percent gas phase) of 40 percent if it were pumped to a pressure of 7,500 psi with a concordant reduction of the gas volume of 33.3 percent.
An integrated and potentially automated machine for applying the Controlled Foam Injection method to the excavation or breakage of rock or concrete is shown in FIG. 5. Either a conventional wheel mounted carrier 53, a tracked carrier, or a specially constructed carrier has at least one articulated boom 54 which carries preferably both a drill 55 and the CFI breakage hardware 56. A percussive drill 55 with drill bit 57 first drills a hole into the material to be broken. An indexing and feed mechanism 58 on the boom 54 is then rotated so as to bring the CFI injection barrel 59 into alignment with the hole and to then insert the barrel into the hole. Upon formation of an annular seal at the bottom of the hole and injection of the high-pressure foam into the hole, a controlled fracture is created serving to fragment, excavate or remove a volume of rock, concrete or other hard material.
The use of two semi-cylindrical pre-formed seal segments to effect hole sealing for CFI breakage are illustrated in FIG. 6. The two segments 60, which are pre-formed of cemented granular material, are shaped to fit the CFI injection barrel 4 between the bulb tip 12 and the crush tube 14. In FIG. 6 the segments are shown aligned to be placed on the barrel by being displaced in directions 61 until they become properly positioned on the barrel. The inside diameter 62 of the seal segments may be made just enough smaller than the barrel 4 diameter such that they adhere to the barrel by friction and will thus not require other means to hold them in place on the barrel as the barrel is inserted into a hole to be fractured. The hardware to position, align and place seal segments on a CFI barrel would be conventional pneumatic, hydraulic and/or mechanical material handling equipment such as is used in automated manufacturing and assembly operations.
A CFI injection device designed to use the injection barrel as the drill steel to drill the hole for CFI breakage is illustrated in FIG. 7. A drill bit 65 has conventional carbide inserts 66 on its distal end for drilling and is shaped on its near end so as to function as the bulb tip for hole sealing. A conventional percussive drill motor 67 is used to impact the integral drill steel/injection barrel 68 so that percussive energy is transmitted to the drill bit 65. Water and/or air are injected down the integral steel/barrel 68 through the through bore 69. As the drill steel and injection barrel are a single entity, a need to withdraw a drill from the hole, index and then insert the CFI injection barrel for breaking is eliminated. Once the hole is drilled an annular poppet piston 70 is used to control the injection of high-pressure foam through ports 71 into the steel/barrel entity 68 and to the bottom of the hole for breaking the material. The ports 71, which may number from 2 to several, are narrow and elongate in the direction of the axis of the integral steel/barrel so that they do not significantly perturb the propagation of stress pulses down the steel for drilling.
The present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 1, addresses all the existing problems in the art and thus provides a method and means for the excavation of rock or the demolition of rock and concrete which is applied on a nearly continuous basis with minimal disruption of the environment and minimal hazard to nearby personnel and equipment.
If the rock or concrete to be fractured is massive, the pressures at the sharp hole bottom corner, as illustrated in FIG. 1, are sufficient to initiate a controlled fracture. Because the CFI method, with hole-bottom sealing, maintains high hole-bottom pressures for long times, the desired fracturing is initiated at much lower pressures than required for PCF or other explosive/propellant based methods where the high-pressure gases rapidly escape. If the rock contains joints or other preexisting fractures, the controlled breakage occurs by the controlled opening and extension of these fractures. In both cases, breakage is achieved by fracturing controlled by the proper pressurization of the very bottom of the drill hole.
Because Controlled Foam Injection (CFI) devices are built to achieve a desired scale of breakage, the CFI method is easily applied to large-scale tunneling or mining operations or to small-scale selective mining, civil construction, boulder breaking or concrete demolition operations.
A foam suitable for fracturing hard competent materials by controlled foam injection may be made from any combination of a liquid and a gas, such as water and air. The surface tension properties of water alone are such that a water/air foam rapidly separates into its separate components. That separation may be slowed or nearly eliminated by using any of numerous commercially available surfactant materials, such as conventional soaps and detergents or preferably specific surfactant compounds, such as Lauryl sodium sulfate (sodium dodecyl sulfate).
The stability and viscosity of a foam may be increased by adding a polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol and/or a gel such as guar or hydroxypropyl guar. By varying the ratios of water, surfactant, additives and air, foams over a very broad range of viscosity and stored energy may be made. If a foam with unusually high viscosity is desired, such as might be needed for excavating a highly fractured rock, the viscosity of a guar based foam may be significantly increased by crosslinking the guar. Such crosslinking may be accomplished through the addition of a small quantity of a transition metal such as titanium of zirconium or, more preferably, borate (B(OH)4) which may be obtained by increasing the pH of a solution of boric acid or borax with the addition of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Ideally a foam would be made with the desired quantities of guar, a surfactant and gas at a low pH. With the addition of a high pH borate solution as described above for FIGS. 4A and 4B the guar will crosslink with a significant increase in viscosity of the liquid phase and of the foam.
Preferably, the foam may be generated externally to the actual controlled fracturing device in a conventional high-pressure reservoir using a variety of mixing and blending means. A preferred mixing means is described above for FIG. 4A and 4B. Alternatively, the foam may be made directly in the storage reservoir of the device by injecting the gas into a previously introduced mixture of water and surfactant through appropriately designed nozzles or orifices.
Only very small quantities of surfactant and additives are required to make foams of suitable viscosity and stability. Surfactant concentrations of less than one percent (1%) of the aqueous phase are preferable. Increased foam stability and viscosity may be obtained by adding small percentages of a stabilizer (such as Lauryl alcohol).
Additions of less than 0.01 percent Lauryl alcohol to a foam made with 0.1 percent Lauryl sodium sulfate increases foam life by more than a factor of ten. Similarly, concentrations of less than one percent of a polymer or a gel (such as guar or hydroxypropyl guar) provides adequate foam stability and viscosity for most breakage applications.
In breaking a highly fractured material, it may be desirable to increase foam viscosity by increasing the concentrations of the various additives to over one percent of the aqueous phase. Preferably, the best foam properties, in terms of stability and viscosity, may be obtained by using small percentages of three or four additives rather than a large concentration of any one.
The high pressure gas used to generate the required foams may be obtained with conventional and commercially available compressors and gas intensifiers. Compressors deliver air at pressures up to 3 MPa (4,350 psi) and gas intensifiers increase this pressure up to 10 MPa (14,500 psi). If nitrogen rather than air were to be used, the nitrogen could be obtained from commercially available pressurized cylinders or from a conventional nitrogen vaporization plant using liquid nitrogen as the source.
Once the device reservoir is charged with the desired foam at the desired pressure, the foam is released into the predrilled hole by means of a rapid acting reverse firing poppet valve. A reverse acting poppet (RAP) valve, as illustrated in FIG. 2, is preferred for controlling high-pressure foam injection because the valve has only one moving part (the poppet), and opens very rapidly when the pressure is dropped in the control tube behind the poppet.
As soon as the poppet moves, the reservoir foam pressure acts on the full sealing face of the poppet causing it to rapidly retract or open. In addition, the RAP valve may be designed to close rapidly once the pressure of the foam being injected drops below a given pressure, as occurs when the rock or concrete material fractures.
By maintaining a lower residual pressure in the poppet guide tube, the poppet recloses once the delivery pressure (driving foam injection and fracturing) drops below the residual pressure. The rapid opening is important so that the bottom of the predrilled hole may be brought to a high enough pressure rapidly enough to induce the desired combination of hole-bottom fracturing and radial fracturing for achieving a desired fragment size. The rapid closing with pressure drop is desirable to avoid injecting more foam than is needed to achieve the desired fracturing. Excess foam injection represents a waste of energy and results in some increase in the albeit low airblast and flyrock associated with CFI fracturing.
The delivery of a determined quantity of foam to the bottom of the hole may also be controlled by a pressure sensor and accompanying electronic valve control system. A conventional high-pressure sensor monitors the pressure in the injection barrel and may be programmed to sense the pressure drop associated with the onset of fracturing. At a predetermined pressure drop a valve system closes the poppet valve control tube and recharges that tube with the pressure needed to rapidly re-close the poppet valve, thus preserving high-pressure foam still in the reservoir.
Delivery of a controlled quantity of foam may also be realized by purely mechanical means. A free-floating annular piston may be provided between the guide tube for the fast-acting, poppet-piston valve and an inside diameter of the reservoir as shown in FIG. 3. The annular piston may be positioned such that the volume of high-pressure foam ahead of the piston, and thus near the opening of the fast-acting valve, is controlled as an ideal volume for effectively fracturing and removing the material to be broken.
The volume of foam ahead of the piston may be tailored to meet specific breakage requirements and thus reduce the injection of foam beyond that required for efficient breakage. In addition, the composition of the foam to be injected (ahead of the annular piston) may be different from the foam behind the piston, with the foam to be injected having a gas concentration tailored to the desired breakage and with the fluid behind the piston being a foam or, preferably, a gas.
The delivery of a controlled quantity of foam may also be realized with a mechanical or electronic valve control timing system such that the poppet valve control tube is de-pressurized, for poppet valve opening, and then rapidly re-pressurized for poppet valve closing. This timing system may be adjusted continuously during breakage or excavation operations to always provide for the injection of the quantity of foam needed for efficient breakage without the injection and waste of foam beyond that needed.
Another preferred feature of the present invention relates to the sealing of the foam injecting barrel into the predrilled hole. Although the high viscosity of foam as compared to a gas or even water reduces the need for near perfect sealing, the quality of a seal serves two purposes. The tighter the seal in terms of foam leakage the less foam is lost between the barrel and the hole. If the seal also acts to lock and hold the barrel in the hole the high pressures of foam injection fracturing are not able to accelerate the device out of the hole.
One of the problems with the PCF method is the lack of a locking seal and the very large recoil forces that are imparted to the PCF device. Contrastingly, the preferred sealing means for CFI fracture utilizes a barrel with a bulb enlargement at its tip and an annular hydraulic piston acting around the smaller diameter section of the barrel, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
Sealing is effected by crushing an annulus of deformable material between the bulb tip and the annular piston. The crushing of material along the axis of the hole causes it to expand radially and seal against the hole wall near the bottom of the hole. Application of high-pressure foam causes the barrel to retract or recoil and further jam the material against the hole wall. With the appropriate selection of bulb tip angle and deformable material, the recoil further jams the material against the hole wall and maintains a very effective seal.
Any deformable material may be used to make the annular seal. Preferably, a rubber or elastomer seal may be used in breaking softer and more homogenous materials with the sealing material being reusable for several breaking cycles. It may be desirable in some cases to have a hard granular abrasive material incorporated into the rubber or elastomer to increase the frictional locking of the seal in the hole.
For breaking harder and more heterogeneous materials (such as jointed or fractured rock) an expendable seal may be made from a granular material such as sand, fine gravel or a cementitious mix. A sand or gravel seal may be injected into the space between the bulb tip and the annular piston with compressed air once the barrel was properly positioned in the hole.
By using a cementitious material similar to conventional mortar mix or by mixing sand or gravel with a bonding material such as epoxy resin, latex or other glue, solid replaceable seals may be made at very low cost. Such solid seals are positioned on the barrel, between the bulb tip and the annular piston, prior to each breakage cycle as illustrated in FIG. 6. The seals may be made of two or more segments held on the barrel by encircling bands of rubber, metal or other material. Tests have shown that each segment of a two segment seal will lock onto the barrel without additional clamping or restraint. These segments were molded with a medium sand and a portland cement mix. Once dry the molded segments were impregnated with a urethane resin to increase their strength and water resistance. Tests made to date with a variety of cementitious materials have given excellent sealing, with almost no gas/foam leakage around the barrel when breaking a hard granitic rock at pressures up to 80 MPa (11,600 psi).
Tests conducted with both small-scale and near full-scale prototype CFI equipment have shown a consistent ability to fracture or excavate a hard competent granite. Besides being able to break rock these tests demonstrated that the CFI method generates minimal flyrock and air blast, both of which were significant for the PCF method and other small-charge approaches.
Tests conducted to date have shown that a hard competent granitic rocks may be fractured, without the benefit of edge effects, at foam pressures in the range of 34 MPa (5,000 psi) to 69 MPa (10,000 psi). These pressures are one fifth to one third those required for fracturing with propellant gases, as used in the PCF method. The lower pressure required is a result of the lower rate of the process which is possible because of the viscosity of the foam and the improved hole bottom sealing as described above. In harder and stronger rocks fracture initiation may be effected by prefracturing the hole by pumping low viscosity water into the hole once the annular seal is set. The pressures required for fracture initiation with water are some three or more times less than the pressures required for fracture initiation with foam. This is due to the foam with its high viscosity not being able to penetrate existing microfractures in the rock as well. Alternatively, the hole may be loaded or charged with water prior to the injection of high-viscosity foam with the result that the low viscosity water will initiate fractures prior to the arrival of the foam at the bottom of the hole. Softer rocks, fractured and jointed rocks and concrete are all be broken at lower pressures, in some cases, at pressures less than 10 MPa (1,450 psi). In breaking softer and jointed or fractured materials, the viscosity of the foam is a critical parameter. The fracturing fluid viscosity control offered by the CFI method prevents the premature loss of fluid pressures thus enhancing completion of the controlled fracture system leading to the desired breakage.
Other significant benefits derive from the unique viscous properties of foams. The viscosity of a foam depends strongly upon foam quality, defined as the volume fraction of gas. Foams of quality below 50% (gas volume less than 50%) typically have viscosities only slightly higher than that of the liquid phase. As foam quality increases above 50% and up to about 90%, foam viscosity increases markedly and can be much more than an order of magnitude higher than that of the liquid phase. As foam quality increases above 95%, the foam breaks down into a mist and the viscosity drops rapidly to approach that of the gas phase.
In a preferred CFI fracturing operation the foam is generated initially with a quality below 50%, albeit at very high pressure. As the foam expands into the developing fracture system, foam quality increases with a concordant increase in viscosity until the foam has expanded to 95% or more quality. That variation of effective viscosity with expansion actually serves to improve the efficiency of the CFI process. While the highest pressure foam is being generated, delivered to the injection device and injected via the barrel into the hole, viscosity is low, as desired.
Once the rock or concrete begins to fracture, the foam expands and viscosity increases preventing the premature escape of the pressurizing medium before breakage is complete. Once breakage is complete the foam expands further, and as a foam quality over 95% is realized, the viscosity drops allowing the foam (now a gas mist) to escape more rapidly thus reducing the time that high pressure foam accelerates fragments of the broken material. By appropriately designing the foam, a sequence of viscous behaviors optimally tailored to the foam-injection material-breakage process is achieved.
Once the material is broken, the residual foam rapidly expands. As noted above, once foam quality (percent gas) rises above 95 percent with expansion the foam becomes a mist. Thus the only byproduct of the CFI process is an aqueous mist with the amount of liquid (water) mixed in the air being 1 to 2 liters per cubic meter of material broken. As none of the surfactants or other foam stabilizing additives envisioned for use are toxic, that mist poses little problem.
In an underground mining or tunneling operation the mist is swept rapidly away from the working area by the forced air ventilation systems already required for such operations. In a surface rock breaking or concrete demolition operation the volume of the expanded mist may be less than one cubic meter and be quickly dissipated in the ambient air.
The CFI method may be complemented with an explosive, propellant, or electrical discharge means to provide a very short duration pressure pulse at the hole bottom just after foam injection so as to assist in the initiation of controlled fractures.
A very small charge explosive and/or propellant device may be placed on or near the end of the injection barrel and initiated by a pressure sensitive primer designed to initiate when the hole bottom pressure due to foam injection reached a predetermined and desired level as illustrated in FIG. 3. The very short duration pressure pulse provided by such a charge may be significantly higher than the foam pressure and thus enhance to initiation of desired controlled fractures at or near the hole bottom.
An electrical discharge system involves the placement of an exploding bridge wire at or near the end of the injection barrel with the discharge of an electrical capacitor through the bridge wire serving to heat the bridge wire so rapidly that the wire explodes and provides the desired short duration pressure pulse. An electrical discharge pressure pulse may also be generated by discharging a capacitor through a foam of appropriate electrical conductivity by means of electrodes situated at the end of the injection barrel. Discharge of the capacitor for either a bridge wire or conducting foam system is controlled by timing and/or foam pressure sensing circuits.
The foam used for CFI fracturing may be made to include cementious compounds such that any foam injected into fractures which do not lead to complete breakage and excavation of the material will harden into a solid serving to improve mechanical and/or hydrological properties of the non-excavated material. The additional strength that might be imparted to the residual rock in a mining or tunneling operation through the hardening of a cementious foam could serve to reduce significantly the amount of additional ground support such as rock bolts and shotcrete that might be required. In excavating a tunnel or opening in rock which was subject to large inflows of water, the use of a cementious foam could serve to significantly reduce the inflow of such water. The cementious compounds that might be used to make a hardening foam could include Portland cement and/or latex resins.
The benign nature of rock and concrete breakage characteristic of the CFI method provides a method and means for the excavation of rock or the demolition of concrete which is applicable on a nearly continuous basis with minimal disruption of the environment and minimal hazard to nearby personnel and equipment. Because the controlled foam injection (CFI) device is built to achieve a desired scale of breakage, the CFI method applies equally well to large-scale tunneling or mining operations, to small-scale selective mining, civil construction and boulder breaking, or to concrete demolition operations.
The hardware for the CFI fracture of rock or concrete may be easily mounted on an articulated boom for the automated application to excavation or demolition. Most of the equipment for developing a CFI breakage system is conventional mechanical and hydraulic hardware already available in the mining and construction industries. Minimal development needs to be given to new or complicated hardware components. For example, CFI equipment may be mounted on a conventional carrier, loader or excavator as depicted in FIG. 5.
The machine depicted in FIG. 5 incorporates a percussive drill on the same boom carrying the CFI hardware so that hole drilling, indexing for CFI barrel placement and breakage is carried out in a systematic and automatic manner. It is important to note that the environment of CFI breakage is so benign in terms of air blast and flyrock that very little consideration need be given to protecting equipment or personnel. Data obtained to date indicate that airblast and flyrock are much less than with any of the previously developed water canon, small charge explosive, propellant, and electrical discharge techniques
Automation and Commercial Application
The small incremental material removed, combined with the nearly continuous operation of a relatively small-scale breakage system, make CFI breakage ideally suited to automation. The process is flexible enough (in terms of hole depth and foam pressure, quality and viscosity) that it is tailored rapidly to changing ground conditions.
The benign nature of the airblast and flyrock of the CFI fracturing method allows drilling, CFI breakage, mucking, ground support and haulage equipment to remain at the working face during rock excavation operations. The incremental application of the process and many measurable aspects of the process (e.g. drilling rate, foam pressure drop, et cetera) allow for data on rock (or concrete) properties relevant to breakage to be obtained on a continuous basis. With the appropriate sensors, algorithms, control programs, and actuators the application of CFI breakage becomes highly automated and efficient.
Preferably, a highly automated CFI breakage system includes most or all of the following basic components:
a carrier.
one or more booms to carry drilling and CFI hardware.
a drill mounted on each boom assembly, with provisions for indexing with
the CFI injection hardware, with provisions for hole sealing.
foam generating and flow control hardware.
mucking and haulage systems.
ground support installation systems, such as shotcrete or rock bolts.
The basic components of a representative CFI system are shown schematically in FIG. 5. The principal characteristics of these various components have been described earlier.
The Carrier
The carrier may be any standard mining or construction carrier or any specially designed carrier for mounting the boom, or booms, and may include equipment for mucking and ground support. Special carriers for raise boring, shaft sinking, stoping, narrow-vein mining and for military operations, such as trenching, fighting position construction et cetera, may be built.
Boom Assemblies
The boom, or booms, may be any standard articulated boom, such as used on mining and construction equipment or any modified or customized boom. The boom(s) serves to carry both the drilling and CFI breakage equipment, to orient and position each for proper functioning and to provide for indexing between the two as desired.
The drill, or drills, consists of a drill motor, drill steel and drill bit. The drill motor may be rotary or percussive with the latter being either pneumatically or hydraulically powered. The preferred drill type is a percussive drill because percussive drilling generates microfractures in the rock, or concrete, at the bottom of the drill hole. Such microfractures act as initiation points for CFI fracturing, with lower foam pressures being required and a more controlled fracture system being developed.
Standard drill steels or specially shortened drill steels may be used. The latter is tailored to the short hole requirements of the CFI method. Standard rock drilling bits are used to drill the holes. Special percussive drill bits designed to enhance microfracturing may be developed. Drill hole sizes may range from less than one inch to several inches in diameter. Hole depths may range from 4 to more than 10 hole diameters, with the depth depending upon, and being tailored to, the breakage characteristics of the material.
CFI Injection Hardware
The hardware for controlled foam injection comprises a reservoir to contain a high-pressure foam, a barrel to be inserted into a predrilled hole, a rapidly acting valve to deliver the foam from the reservoir down the barrel to the bottom of the hole and a sealing mechanism to seal and hold the barrel in the hole. Due to the moderate pressure requirements, the barrel and the reservoir may be of conventional design and made of conventional high-strength steels
The fast-acting valve may be a conventional ball type valve, but a reverse acting poppet valve as described above provides for faster valve opening times and a more efficient delivery of foam to the hole. The sealing of the barrel into the hole is the most critical and important feature of the injection hardware. The compressing of a crushable or deformable material between an annular piston and a bulb tip on the barrel provides a seal which both locks the barrel into the hole and which improves in seal quality as pressure is applied to the bottom of the hole.
Foam Generating and Flow Control Hardware
Foam for the CFI process may be generated within the reservoir attached to the barrel or may be generated externally to the reservoir and delivered to the reservoir as needed with appropriate tubing and valving. Foam may be generated within the reservoir by first injecting the required amount of liquid (water) and additives into the reservoir and then injecting a high-pressure gas into the reservoir through nozzles or orifice plates designed to enhance mixing of the two phases.
Foam of more consistent and higher quality may be generated in an external reservoir. An external reservoir need not have the geometric constraints of the primary reservoir and may incorporate additional baffles, orifice plates, sand packs and other devices to enhance the mixing of the two phases. An external reservoir may also allow for some recycling of the foam through the baffles, orifice plates, et cetera so as to improve mixing and foam quality. Foam generated in an external reservoir then may be delivered to the primary reservoir by conventional high-pressure tubing and valves on an as needed basis.
Mucking and Haulage Systems
A fully integrated and automated CFI excavation or breakage system incorporates hardware to remove (muck) the material as it is broken. A mucking system includes both a gathering means, such as hydraulic arms (much like a backhoe) or rotating disks with gathering fingers or ribs, and a conveyor means to move the gathered material past the machine. A chain conveyor operating through the middle of the carrier is commonly used.
Broken material gathered by the arms or disks is passed through the carrier and delivered onto trucks, rail cars or a belt conveyor system for further removal. Many such mucking systems are in existence for mining and tunneling operations and be readily adapted or modified for a CFI system.
Ground Support Installation Systems
A fully integrated and automated CFI excavation system also includes hardware for proving ground support in a tunneling or mining operation. Conventional ground support means, such as shotcrete or rock bolts, may be installed by hardware mounted on the CFI carrier. With a means for installing ground support incorporated into the CFI system, mining or tunneling operations progress continuously without needing to stop and remove the CFI carrier to bring in a ground support installation system.
Applications of the CFI Method
The CFI method may be used to break soft, medium and hard rock as well as concrete. The method has many applications in the mining and construction industries and for military operations. These applications include, but are not limited to:
cavern excavation,
rock cuts,
rock trenching,
precision blasting,
reduction of oversize boulders,
adit and drift development for mines,
longwall mining,
room and pillar mining,
stoping (such as cut & fill, shrinkage and narrow-vein),
selective mining,
secondary breakage,
construction of fighting positions and personnel/equipment shelters in rock, and
reduction of natural and man-made obstacles to military movement.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, modifications and variations of the invention may be constructed without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the following claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
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|Jul 11, 1978
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|Oct 17, 1977
|Oct 24, 1978
|Union Oil Company Of California
|Biodegradable foaming agent in drilling and workover operations
|Oct 17, 1977
|Oct 24, 1978
|Union Oil Company Of California
|Method for foam drilling using a biodegradable foaming agent
|Sep 3, 1976
|Oct 31, 1978
|Atlas Copco Aktiebolag
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|Sep 17, 1976
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|Atlas Copco Aktiebolag
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|Nov 17, 1977
|May 27, 1980
|Atlas Copco Aktiebolag
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|Oct 12, 1979
|May 12, 1981
|Cheney Alwyn Halley
|Incompressible fluid type rock breaker
|Jun 3, 1981
|Jul 19, 1983
|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior
|Method of hydrospalling
|Jun 10, 1982
|May 22, 1984
|Vsesojuzny Proektno-Izyskatelsky I Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Institut "Gidropoekt" Imeni S.Ya. Zhuka
|Device for breaking monolithic structures by pulsewise liquid pressure
|Mar 5, 1982
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|Cummins Mark A
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|Feb 11, 1985
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|May 19, 1986
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|Sep 5, 1989
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|Highly reliable method of rapidly generating pressure pulses for demolition of rock
|Nov 28, 1988
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|Aug 9, 1990
|Mar 24, 1992
|Sunburst Recovery, Inc.
|Controlled fracture method and apparatus for breaking hard compact rock and concrete materials
|Dec 11, 1991
|Apr 6, 1993
|Atlantic Richfield Company
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|May 1, 1992
|Oct 5, 1993
|Marathon Oil Company
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|Non-explosive drill hole pressurization method and apparatus for controlled fragmentation of hard compact rock and concrete
|Sep 13, 1993
|Dec 13, 1994
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|Jan 21, 1993
|Jan 31, 1995
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|Feb 4, 1994
|Mar 21, 1995
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|Dec 12, 1995
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|May 21, 1986
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|J. H. Nantel and F. Kitzinger, "Plasma Blasting Techniques," Fragblast '90, Brisbane, Aug. 26-31, pp. 79-82.
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|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Nov 26, 2002
|Jul 5, 2005
|Rocmec International Inc.
|Thermal rock fragmentation application in narrow vein extraction
|Jul 29, 2003
|Jul 4, 2006
|Carroll Bassett
|Handheld tool for breaking up rock
|Jun 9, 2004
|Mar 27, 2007
|Rocmec International Inc.
|Thermal rock fragmentation application in narrow vein extraction
|Mar 22, 2006
|Nov 22, 2011
|Sandvik Mining And Construction Oy
|Percussion device
|Dec 30, 2009
|Mar 18, 2014
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|System for reducing foam in mixing operations
|Nov 24, 2008
|Apr 8, 2014
|Fci Holdings Delaware, Inc.
|Sheathed cable
|Apr 8, 2015
|Aug 8, 2017
|Crispycrete, Llc
|Method of processing unhardened concrete
|Nov 26, 2002
|May 27, 2004
|Donald Brisebois
|Thermal rock fragmentation application in narrow vein extraction
|Jun 9, 2004
|Jan 20, 2005
|Rocmec International Inc.
|Thermal rock fragmentation application in narrow vein extraction
|Jul 29, 2003
|Nov 24, 2005
|Carroll Bassett
|Handheld tool for breaking up rock
|Mar 22, 2006
|Jan 29, 2009
|Markku Keskiniva
|Percussion Device
|Dec 30, 2009
|Jun 30, 2011
|Brian Goddard
|System and method for reducing foam in mixing operations
|Nov 24, 2008
|Sep 8, 2011
|Fci Holdings Delaware, Inc.
|Sheathed cable
|May 30, 2013
|Dec 5, 2013
|Sandvik Mining And Construction Oy
|Rock drilling rig and method of driving compressor
|Nov 24, 2008
|May 27, 2010
|Jennmar Corporation
|Sheathed cable
|U.S. Classification
|299/16, 299/21, 166/308.6, 166/177.5
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 5, 2005
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Sep 28, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Nov 14, 2011
Effective date: 20111101
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:YOUNG, III, CHAPMAN;REEL/FRAME:027220/0867
Owner name: CFI TECHNOLOGIES, INC., COLORADO
|Jun 26, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
cgdn13596 Review
Just buy it!
This is the best book! I'm not a big reader but this book is laugh of loud funny! My Husband was getting annoyed by how much I was laughing. I read this book in one night! I couldn't put this book down! My Husband read this when I was finished and loved it as well! I bought this book for my Dad and Brothers for Christmas! Don't be fooled by the show on t.v. it doesn't even compare!
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subset: commoncrawl


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Port Melbourne Beach Retreat Summer sale -30
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Experience the very best that Melbourne has to offer
Directly opposite the beach, this bespoke fully renovated Victorian home offers spectacular panoramic beach views over three levels.
The ground level comprises 3 bedrooms King master bed with flat screen TV accompanied by 2 stylish stone bathrooms, equipped with walk in showers, bath and a sunny northeast facing courtyard.
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Centrally located just metres to Bay Street's shops and restaurants and pub, and a short distance from St Kilda and the City.
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happy with productworks
Reviewed By Kirby R (Rapid City, SD) Reviewed for a 2014 GMC Sierra —7/8/2017 6:51 AM
glad i purchased
Reviewed By Rick T (East Peoria, IL) Reviewed for a 2016 GMC Sierra —1/16/2016 9:06 PM
Ordered the OBD II Pass Through from AutoAnything along with the AMP Research boards. The Pass Through was wired perfectly from the factory and works like a charm. I would recommend this product to anyone installing AMP Research boards. Looks and functions like it came from the factory.


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Our Cameron House Weddings
We specialise in Cameron House Weddings Having lived and grown up in the Loch Lomond area I have always had a great affinty with weddings the area and Cameron…
Hello, I am Stuart and I am a fully qualified Scottish Wedding Photographer. I have been photographing weddings in Scotland, Glasgow and Loch Lomond all of my career. I set up 1500 Photography in 2007 after many years of working for studios all over Scotland, it turned out to be the best decision I ever made. I love shooting weddings, and to be a part of your day. I cannot wait to make you look fantastic and help tell the story of your wedding. All the images featured on this site are from actual weddings and feature real couples – real couples like you!
Have a browse through some of the pictures and if you like the way I shoot; then I might just be exactly who you are looking for.
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We specialise in Cameron House Weddings Having lived and grown up in the Loch Lomond area I have always had a great affinty with weddings the area and Cameron…
Glasgow University Wedding – Rachel and Brian Again, I know I cant choose favourites but I do love a Glasgow University Wedding, especially when we go from…
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I would love to hear from you. Please get in touch to enquire about your date, set up a meeting or even if you have some general comments about the work on display. Thank you for having a look through our images and I very much look forward to hearing form you. I will endeavour to get back to you within 48 hours at the most


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These cute Concrete Planters will look fantastic around your garden! They're quick and easy to make and very inexpensive. Plastic bottles are used for the moulds so they're a great recycle idea too. Fill them up with your favourite succulents or plants. Tutorial via 'Instructables'
get tutorial >> Cute Concrete Planters Tutorial
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|Half Baths
|1,500 sq. ft.
|Property type
|Minimum Stay
|4 nights
'Bountiful', a comfortable, clean & quaint 3 bedroom Victorian house, circa 1893, is a truly delightful property. Bountiful offers a feeling of charm amid its pinewood ceilings and walls, antique fixtures and attractive furnishings. A fully enclosed sun porch with windows and screens offers a refuge for those who seek total relaxation. The property is just one house removed from Pleasant Point Landing & beach; an inner Wellfleet Harbor community, located behind the southern tip of Historic Indian Neck. This estuary-marsh front neighborhood has a sandy swim-able tidal beach; a great launching area for canoes, kayaks and beach walks. Pleasant Point Landing's beach is accessed by a private community walking path adjacent to the properties driveway. Whatever experience you are seeking, let 'Bountiful' show you the way.
*New in 2017: Air conditioning on the ground floor. New 12,000 BTU window unit comfortably cools the whole Living/Dining and Kitchen area. Both 2nd floor bedrooms have window units as well.
*(Linens available for a service fee of $150)
Town Beach Sticker Office/Town Pier: Except for our Pleasant Point neighborhood beach, a beach permit is required for all other Town Ocean and Bay Beaches from the third Saturday in June 17th, until Sept. 10, 2017 beach parking permit fees are: * 3 - Day: $55* 1 - week: $90* 2 - week: $170* Season: $300
They are available at the Beach Sticker Booth on the Town Pier, Sunday to Thursday 8:30 AM to 4:00 PM; Fridays and Saturdays from 8:30 AM to 6:00 PM. Your car registration, and a beach parking permit form, or a lease, signed by your landlord, are required as proof of renting in Wellfleet. Personal checks are not accepted at the Beach Sticker Booth. A $20 daily fee is charged for parking at White Crest and Cahoon Hollow beaches.
Cahoon Hollow and White Crest...$20/vehicle per day
Cahoon Hollow and White Crest...$5.00 for walk-ins/drop-offs Parking is free at Mayo Beach
Frequently Asked Questions: Q: When can we get in the house? And when do we need to be out by?
Saturday Check-in is 3 P.M. Check-out is 10 A.M. following Saturday.
Q. Do we need to bring our own sheets and towels?
A. Yes. Sheets for 1 Queen & 1 Full bed(s), 2 Full-size sofa pull-outs, 1 single chaise lounge, and pull-out ottoman.
However, sheets, towels and beach towels are available for a $150 surcharge.
Q. Where is the house located?
A. 185 Pleasant Point Rd.
Q. Is the house Air Conditioned?
A. Yes. In addition to the two 2nd floor Bedrooms, new for the 2017 season; The ground floor Living/Dining/ Kitchen now has AC.
Q. Can we bring our pet.
A. Sorry. Pets no longer welcome
(Due to many neighbor complaints, it is suggested NOT to leave pets alone/unattended in/on the property. There was a $200 NON-REFUNDABLE PET/CLEANING SURCHARGE .)
QUESTION: Is the beach sandy and swimmable?
ANSWER: Many renters ask is the beach is sandy and/or is the beach 'swimmable'. The answer is yes. Yes it is a sandy beach.
However, Pleasant Point Landing beach is a bay-side beach. ALL Wellfleet bay-side beaches have a tidal range of 9-12 feet, depending on the moon cycle. Pleasant Point's beach is swimmable 2 hours either side of absolute High-tide. This gives beach goers 4 hours for swimming. Again, depending on the tide charts. At low tide, it is NOT accessible for swimming and walking out on the flats is NOT advisable unless wearing waders. The sand gives way to a mucky bottom as you go further out away from the swimming area(s).
Regarding HIGH SPEED WIRELESS INTERNET & CABLE TV:
xfinity BLAST! INTERNET SERVICE is provided as a convenience only and is not integral to the lease. No refund of rents shall be given for outages, content, lack of content, speed, access problems, lack of knowledge of use, or personal preferences with regard to services.
I'm a retired Graphic Designer. I split my time on Cape Cod and a Florida home. Summers I rent & maintain the main house at the Compound, (Bountiful Cottage), and live in my former artist's studio, (Blackfish Design Studio), that shares the grounds with Bountiful. For over 20+ years I have worked as an Assistant Gallery Director in Provincetown at the Rice Polak Gallery.
I have over 24+ seasons of rental experience, assisting guests in getting the most out of their vacation adventure.
Warren Lenoir purchased this house in 1991
Many years ago I discovered this neighborhood while exploring Wellfleet locations in the winter. I always thought this would be a lovely location; I was romanced by the feel of the established turn of the century/early 20th century cottages and proximity to Pleasant Point Landing and Blackfish Creek. I waited many years for an opportunity to purchase this home. In 1991 I was fortunate enough to acquire Bountiful Cottage and slowly work on restoration and updating it.
The house, built in the late1890's, is located in a quiet neighborhood of Victorian era summer cottages that is unique to this area. Located just across the street from Logy Bay/Blackfish Creek, great for Kayaking, long marsh/beach walks and swimming. The restored/refurbished Victorian era beach house:
I like my summer guests to feel special. I'm available to help/fix/maintain with any challenges that might arise with the home while they are visiting. The beach is a short 2-3 min walk down a wooded lane/pathway that begins right at the end of the driveway.
This was our second year staying at Bountiful Cottage. The property is very well kept and the rooms nicely arranged. It is not large but a family of four (or more) is very comfortable in the space. The sleeping porch is especially nice and cool even on hot days. The kitchen is well supplied with good quality cookware, dishes and cutlery. There is a working fireplace in the living room (lovely for chilly nights!) and the outside shower is great--we never used the inside one!
The neighborhood is very quiet in the evenings, and neighbors are friendly. The cottage is very close to the center of Wellfleet (less than a five minute drive, but I would not advise walking to Wellfleet along route 6--no sidewalks and traffic can be quite bad). We rented kayaks from Jack's Boat rental--great area for kayaking!
Bountiful Cottage has become very dear to us! A lovely little gem of a house on a very sunny spot. The cottage is well-kept and was spotless upon arrival - all the white curtains and shades are stainless, I should have asked how that was possible! - the kitchen carries every pot, pan and utensil you can imagine. The inside of the house is like the cabin of a boat, very cosy, well decorated. Every morning we had breakfast outside at the table in the front yard. Warren is a very kind host, both very accessible and totally non-intrusive. We would love to come stay again!
The location was great for my group -- close to P-town and several gorgeous kettle ponds, plus it was easily walkable to water in the mornings. The cottage itself was perfectly appointed, with everything you could need and some nice complimentary toiletries. The outdoor shower was delightful, and got rave reviews. It was great to know that our host, Warren, was available next door but gave us lots of space. Overall, we loved it.
We had a great time at Bountiful Cottage. It was great to be able to walk down to the bay for a quick swim, or just go a walk in the morning. The cottage itself is very well kept, clean, and more than spacious enough for a family of 4, with all the amenities of home included. Warren was right there if we had any questions. WIFI is spotty, but he's clear that it's not guaranteed, it seemed to work best on the porch. We told our kids upfront there was no WIFI, and they survived the week without the internet! We did get a Wellfleet beach pass, and it's a good thing we did, because a couple days the surf on the ocean side was to high for our kids, so we'd a spend a couple hours there, then go to one of the bay side beaches to swim....we hit almost every beach in the town. That part of the Cape is narrow enough where you can drive side to side in less than 10 minutes, so it was not a problem. Lot's of restaurants and things to do around there, all within a short drive.
The only thing I could say is if you have trouble with stairs, the stairs to the second floor at Bountiful are steep and narrow.
All in all, an excellent time and a great experience, I would not hesitate to stay here!
A lovely spot near the water and well equipped, Bountiful Cottage was the perfect size for our family of three with a bit of room to spare so we were able to have a playmate for our daughter to come visit for a night. I loved reading in the back enclosed porch/den. Warren was so sweet and gave us tomatoes and basil from his garden. My only regret is not having discovered the perfect morning run till our last day.
Sigh.....wishing we were still at Bountiful.
We love everything about it: it's charm, it's location, it's owner.
....we are looking forward to next year already!
Location: 3 miles to Wellfleet center (shops and restaurants). 12 miles to Orleans (shopping centers). 17 miles to Provincetown.
|Cleaning Fee
|Damage Deposit
Deposits, Security & Cancellation policies:
A standard rental agreement (vacation lease) is used. An initial deposit of 50% of total rental fee is due with the return of a signed rental agreement.
The remainder is due 2 weeks prior to your 3 P.M. Check-In.
In addition, a refund-able $500 security/damage deposit is required also two weeks prior to check-in.


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Its your time to look natural
I like the brush, the colour, and also it coloured ur brows very well. Suitable for person who wants to have their eyebrows to look the same with their hair. But if you have a little hair, you need to draw first with eyebrow pencil and after that lock the colour with this eyebrow mascara.


text:
Methma is a Volunteer Representative for Swearer Tutoring and Enrichment in Math and Sciences (STEMS). As a VR, Methma helps plan weekly meetings for the tutors, which are intended to provide Brown tutors with tools to work more effectively, through tutoring skills, knowledge of current education policy, discussions on the role of a tutor in a classroom, or information about the Providence Public School system. She is currently tutoring in a physics class.
Switching My Focus
Tiara came into Brown dead set on studying Neuroscience. After a summer or working with the local Planned Parenthood branch and taking health based classes she realized public health was her real calling. She has been volunteering for the SHAPE (Sexual Health Advocacy through Peer Education) program since sophomore year.
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June 13, 2016"I think about opening my mouth to call out goodbye, or to salute her in a traditional sign language farewell. Instead, I stand silently and smile."
Sally Hosokawa is a Community Fellow for Writers' Group, a Swearer Center Community Program that facilitates creative writing workshops for adults with developmental disabilities. She studies literary translation in the Comparative Literature Department.
May 14, 2016"Club teachers understand us," she says. "Even though they're older, they're not that much older, and so they're like us and we can identify with them and talk to them about our problems."
Addy is a volunteer with the Brown Elementary Afterschool Mentoring Program (BEAM), a Swearer Center community partnership that facilitates after-school programing activities and mentorship between Brown volunteers and students at William D'Abate Elementary School in the Olneyville neighborhood.
February 22, 2016
Pia is a junior double-concentrating in Education Studies and Comparative Literature. This is her third year with Writers' Group, a Swearer Center Community Program that offers creative writing workshops for adults with developmental disabilities, and her first year as a Swearer Center Community Fellow.
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Brian is a sophomore studying applied mathematics who has been working with Housing Opportunities for People Everywhere (HOPE) since the start of his freshman year.
This story is dedicated to the memory of outreach team leader John Freitas. The work he did mattered.
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Molly is a junior concentrating in History and Education Studies and a Community Fellow for the MET Family Literacy Program. She hopes to keep teaching ESOL after graduation. She can often be seen sporting a hat around campus-- feel free to ask her about it.


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Hi, This is Mazhar Khan from Systel one of Americas premiere staffing organization. This mail is in regards to a career opportunity with one of our clients, we are currently looking for tech savvy professionals in *Teradata Consultant *at * Woonsocket, RI*
*Position: Teradata Consultant* *Location: Woonsocket, RI* *Duration: 4-6 Months* *To submit the resume need photo ID.* *Max rate : $ 48/hr on C2C all inc.* *Description:* • Having good experience in Teradata. • Having good experience in Python is added advantage • Can multi-task in high-pressure situations • Has worked in client environment onsite and is able to communicate with them effectively • Have a record of outstanding academic performance • Enjoy problem solving, can think on their feet, and are able to develop creative solutions • Are eager to work and contribute in a team-based environment • Are comfortable with numerical and quantitative calculations and analysis • Have excellent leadership, communication (written and oral), and interpersonal skills • Have prior experience with Excel and PowerPoint (advantageous but not required) *About Systel:* Systel is a professional services organization providing IT staff augmentation, IT product development and Business process outsourcing services. Through our 18 years of existence we have delivered to the expectations of the largest System Integrators and Fortune 1000 companies. IT Staffing Services has been Systel's core competency, and over the past few years Systel has added and groomed its capabilities for IT application development & maintenance, testing and BPO services. Systel is currently investing in product developments for Health Care and E-Governance domains, it has also recently launched a major initiative on the social media platform. Some of our key achievements are: · Awarded Regional Supplier of the Year NMSDC · Certified MBE from Georgia Minority Supplier Development council · Prime vendor status for 3 fortune 500 companies · Excellence in E-governance Award *SYSTEL IS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER* *Warm Regards,* *Mazhar Khan* *__________________* *Resourcing Specialist* *SYSTEL *| Atlanta, GA *A **Certified** (MBE) Minority Business Enterprise* *Direct: *+1- 678-203-2434 *mazh...@systelcomputers.com* <mazh...@systelcomputers.com> Gmail : kmazhar...@gmail.com Yahoo : mazhar...@yahoo.com -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "SAP or Oracle Financials" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to sap-or-oracle-financials+unsubscr...@googlegroups.com. To post to this group, send email to firstname.lastname@example.com. Visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/sap-or-oracle-financials. For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout.


text:
Is this blonde pretty or plain jane? Please be honest.
Most Helpful Guy
She is pretty.00|00|0
Is this blonde pretty or plain jane? Please be honest.
She is pretty.
Have an opinion?
Normal. Which is to say - she is very Physically attractive. Not really sure of the source of the question? She should not have self confidence issues. Best to you.
I think she looks really pretty
She's pretty.
I love the pics I need a girl like that pretty love the tree as well
Very pretty.
Not bad. A solid 7, with an optional push to 8.
I don't know. She looks pretty cute to me. I'd be down for getting to know her.
Absurdly pretty. Nothing remotely plain about her. If I thought otherwise I wouldn't have said anything to be polite.
she is beautiful...
where are these women! lol
She's pretty and hot
I think she is pretty. Definitely not plain.
Very pretty
I think she's very pretty
beautiful :)
she's definitively my type <3. <3
I'd definitely go out with her.
Yeah, she's hot... Is it you?
She's very pretty.
If it is that you yes, she is pretty
Very pretty
Very beatifull
You look like a million other girls with streaked blonde hair. Yawn.
she is okay, nothing special?
Nice eyes, great hair, and healthy body. You are wonderful.
you are very pretty
I don't see anything plain about her, she's definitely pretty.
Hmmm.. The words.. Drop Dead Gorgeous.. Comes to mind.
Obviously she is good looking. But you already know that 😒
She is beautiful
She's somewhere in-between. I give her a pretty Jane.
so so pretty!!! please tell me thats you! yummers!
hmmm my question wasn't answered, so I'm guessing it's not you...
Very pretty and cute
Plain jane. She looks more pretty
In the first picture she's really pretty, in the second one she's a plain Jane kind of
Is that a skylight in your ceiling? lucky.
OMG you look amazing!
You cannot undo this action. The opinion owner is going to be notified and earn 7 XPER points.


text:
2nd Disk Drive Causes Boot To Hang
aeternum91Feb 7, 2014, 5:41 PM artart00 said: Hi aeternum91,In my case it really ended up being the power supply. If you are getting to the "Starting Windows" screen, but not to the LogOn screen, then there are several things you can try to get it up and running.First, just after Boot into all Safe modes hangs, too. This was at least required on the old disks before SATA came along. this contact form
Options Mark as New Bookmark Subscribe Subscribe to RSS Feed Highlight Print Email to a Friend Report Inappropriate Content 08-27-2010 03:15 PM OK, so it looks like you arehaving an issue So far I've backed up 1,384,723MB of data in 306,201 files! If it exists set to maximum, which may be 5 seconds. With hdd in secondary controller alone (SSD not connected): system hangs with HP logo, ESC screen. http://www.sevenforums.com/general-discussion/291979-2nd-disk-drive-causes-boot-hang.html
Hard Drive Preventing Computer From Booting
I put in a new drive and installed his OS and drivers all was great. Hope you install chipset driver, followed by audio, video, USB3, network etc drivers after vanilla plain install (before any update). 3. It may correct the problem. Reply Ryan Schenk says: December 9, 2016 at 12:44 am Amazing!
I haven't touched GPT, i just initially though maybe it had installed using it and this was my issue. Every storage device must have an MBR or GPT. I was puzzled. Phew.
jasonlee91 Hard Drive Support 5 04-21-2011 11:23 AM Hard drive compatibility Ok, I'm not really a computer geek but have a little experience with hardware replacements. Hdd Prevents Boot Reply 0 0 Cyclops Distinguished Professor Posts: 2,317 Member Since: 11-18-2008 Message 4 of 13 (7,318 Views) Report Inappropriate Content Re: Installed 2nd hard drive on Pavilion Dv7 causes boot hang..... The hard drive is a Hitachi HDP725032GLA (320 GB). http://www.pcguide.com/vb/showthread.php?90779-Bad-secondary-hard-drive-preventing-Windows-from-booting Maybe go back as far as you can and then forwards again?
Try to disable it in BIOS. Thread Tools Show Printable Version Email this Page… Subscribe to this Thread… 10-19-2015,11:51 PM #1 phkhgh View Profile View Forum Posts View Blog Entries View Articles Exalted Computer Crasher Join Date The HP EFI tool Sys Info shows: port 0 internal disk (the SSD), port 1 is the DVD, port 4 is internal SATA, port 5 is external (eSATA). I remember a few Pentium-class systems which would not boot with a failing hard drive if left for a week!
Hdd Prevents Boot
I had gone searching for solutions before. http://www.techsupportforum.com/forums/f16/second-hard-drive-causing-loading-screen-hanging-574049.html I went thru all the Functions and BIOS and could find nothing that would make the second controller work.The HP EFI tool Sys Info shows: port 0 internal disk (the SSD), Hard Drive Preventing Computer From Booting I solved the issue and I think 1 year later the problem came back again, now I not only have problem streaming youtube videos but also using the computer When i Windows Won't Boot With Second Hard Drive Could CheckDisk be run in this special case?
There was a brief period of a couple of days after reformatting when everything was fine, so somehow I doubt it's any of those issues too. weblink The time now is 01:22 PM. Once I put the SSD back in primary and kept the hdd disconnected and boot the system, the ESC key now shows a different boot options. aeternum91Feb 28, 2014, 4:54 PM iamrhys said: aeternum91 said: I swapped the SATA cables around and even tested them with both SATA 2 and 3.
- After installing Second Hand GPU PC wont boot Pc doesn't always boot with second hard drive plugged in PC doesnt boot after installing new Ram and graphics card PC doesn't boot
- Yor system shoud be less than 300 Watts, probably closer to 250 Watts when playing a game.
- Reply 0 0 Cyclops Distinguished Professor Posts: 2,317 Member Since: 11-18-2008 Message 7 of 13 (7,287 Views) Report Inappropriate Content Re: Installed 2nd hard drive on Pavilion Dv7 causes boot hang.....
- With F10 being access to BIOS.
- I connected the second HDD to another connector (a molex connector) using a molex/sata adapter.
- A HDD is generally less than 10 Watts (under 1 Amp).A 500 Watt PSU should handle a 2nd (3rd and 4th) HDD with NO problem.That said, I did NOT see which
- thanks again!
- The computer turned on and Windows 7 booted correctly!
Report • #5 OtheHill March 28, 2011 at 21:30:33 Newer boards have so many drive connectors that the BIOS options had to be expanded. We use data about you for a number of purposes explained in the links below. No change of LPM or HIPM/DIPM settings would fix it and I also have the latest BIOS and SSD firmware as of Nov 2016. navigate here Reply kisachan says: August 7, 2014 at 1:34 pm I just put a new PC together and installed Win 7 on an SSD.
But if you had both drives in and all was working fine and then started have problems without changing anything, then that is not the issue. All is great....... You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed.
When I get the 2nd drive installed, the Dv7 hangs with the "HP logo and the ESC" to Setup screen.
Get the answer RetiredChiefApr 29, 2013, 6:29 PM First off: The CPU and the GPU are the two biggest power components. Thanks for the tip! unfortunately where I had a BSOD I now have a gently whirring fan and an unresponsive black screen. Skip to content Something Odd!
What could that mean?"The era of big government is over," said Clinton 1996 Report • #12 Estevan Nerd April 18, 2011 at 00:21:30 I had a similar problem with an external May need correct syntax & switches to use, to run it from a Windows recovery disk > Cmd Prompt. Suddenly, Vista hangs after the post screens & after the scrolling icon, but before Windows logo on splash screen. his comment is here Options Mark as New Bookmark Subscribe Subscribe to RSS Feed Highlight Print Email to a Friend Report Inappropriate Content 08-27-2010 10:24 AM I will confirm your comments againthis afternoon, and get
I repartitioned it, reformatted it in order to use it as the 2nd drive. BIOS refuses to boot from main SATA HDD after installing second SATA HDD solved PC doesn't boot after installing new ram How to insert a second hard disk sata on my You just might have saved me a lot of trouble here. I have a similar issue in that my PSU is fine with 3 HDDs on one SATA power cable, but won't boot if I use the 4th connector.
F1 sys info, F2 diag, F7 HP Sparekey, F9 Boot Device Options, F10 BIOS, F12 Network Boot. Hard drive: Sure, Windows! It didn't fix the issue, but it did help me narrow things down the slightest bit.I just tried a Knoppix live CD with testdisk at your recommendation, but it doesn't recognize I've definitely narrowed the trouble down to the hard drive because the operating system files are installed in a separate SSD and when the Western Digital drive is disconnected from the
With SSD in primary controller, hdd in secondary controller: system hangs with HP logo, ESC screen. Also, sometimes my keyboard does not get power supply and I hence cannot get inside Bios settings.Kindly reply ASAP, anyone who might have an idea. It does too, mostly to the boot up (which I rarely do, this machine is on 24×7) but it feels smoother in day to day tasks too. I bench marked the SSD in this configuration and it is running at super fast speeds of AHCI (400Mb/s) but with the same stability I had in IDE mode.
AMT probably was probably not compatible with my SSD. the bar just keeps going and going but nothing loads. Unplugging the second drive and everything worked normally again. My problem comes with adding my old mechanical drive.
The following information was included with the event: \Device\Video5 !051d(2558) I'm not the only one with this error and the solution seems to be to downgrade my Nvidia driver to 314.22. So I had no alternative but to keep AHCI selected. switches on and switches off after a few seconds. As soon I rolled back NVIDIA driver to 314.22 since no issue what so ever.