text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 15, 1980
|Filing date
|Jan 15, 1979
|Priority date
|Oct 4, 1977
|Publication number
|Richard C. Tringali, William D. Christoffel, Paul R. Zeman
|Original Assignee
|American Hospital Supply Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (10), Referenced by (109), Classifications (14), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of abandoned co-pending application Ser. No. 839,371, filed Oct. 4, 1977.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,653,083 discloses an inflatable bed pad with passages which expand and collapse as they are inflated and deflated. Perforations which are formed in the top wall of the pad and which communicate with the passages allow air to escape upwardly through a foam cushion or sheet extending over the pad. Inflating air is introduced at one end of each passage by means of an air pressure line connected to the pad and a valve controls the flow of air so that one passage is inflated as the other is allowed to deflate, such deflation occurring because of the upward flow of air through the perforations of the passage to which the air supply is temporarily interrupted. As a result, such alternating inflation and deflation of the passages produces a "rippling effect" which stimulates peripheral circulation and relieves localization of pressure for a patient lying upon the pad and its foam cushion. Also, because air escapes from the perforations and passes upwardly through the foam cushion, a gentle drying effect is produced which prevents or reduces skin maceration caused by trapped perspiration. The total effects are an increase in patient comfort and a substantial elimination in the formation of decubitus ulcers previously experienced by bedridden patients.
Other U.S. Pat. Nos. reflecting the state of the prior art are 2,998,817 (an inflatable mattress having two arrangements of transverse cells, each of the cells being simultaneously inflated (or deflated) from its opposite ends), 95,848 (an air bed which, in one embodiment has one or more tubes supplied with air from one end, closed at the opposite end, and provided with perforations to discharge air for cooling and ventilating purposes), 3,486,177 (vertilated cushion), 3,266,064 (ventilated mattress and box spring combination), 3,394,415 (alternating pressure pad), 3,199,124 (alternating pressure mattress), 1,772,310 (variable pressure mattress), 2,345,073 (an apparatus including a distribution valve for controlling the air flow for therapeutic devices), 3,908,642 (a distributor and associated elements for directing pulsating air into and out of casts), 3,919,730 (inflatable body support), 3,446,203 (pneumatic cushion), 3,462,778 (inflatable mattress), and 3,467,081 (inflatable mattress).
One aspect of this invention lies in providing an inflatable pad system in which the direction of the ripples or waves is cyclically reversed, thereby tending to produce a more effective alternation of pressure points, more complete ventilation, and a more effective massaging action than prior systems. Also, in certain forms of the invention disclosed herein, greater operating efficiency is achieved because excess pressurized air is recirculated. Such automatic recirculation additionally performs a safety function because it prevents overinflation of the chambers or passages of the pad.
Positive deflation of each passage, alternately from opposite ends of that passage, is achieved in one embodiment of this invention. Thus, in such embodiment successive deflations as well as successive inflations of each passage or chamber take place alternately from opposite ends of that passage. In all forms, the passages are provided with perforations in the top wall of the pad which result in the bleeding or leaking of air towards the patient, thereby cooling, aerating and drying the patient's skin as well as improving circulation and alternating the points of pressure. The air discharged from the perforations is directed through a foam pad or cushion as generally disclosed in aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,653,083.
In brief, the system includes a pad having a resilient top wall and a bottom wall joined together to form at least two separate passages which extend substantially the full length of the pad and which have interlaced tubular portions extending transversely of that pad. Each passage is connected at its opposite ends to a pair of conduits which lead to a suitable control valve. Therefore, if two such passages are provided, a total of four conduits would be used to operatively connect the control valve assembly and the pad. The control valve assembly is also connected to a source of air (or other suitable fluid) under pressure--specifically, a compressor or pump--so that as the valve operates air under pressure is directed successively into each of the four conduits, thereby inflating each of the passages from one end and then later from the opposite end. Deflation of each passage occurs because of the escape of air through the perforations in the top wall of the pad but, as already indicated, such deflation may be augmented by positive evacuation of one passage as another is being inflated. In that case, the control valve assembly is modified to utilize each of the conduits at different times as an air evacuation line as well as an air supply line, the control valve assembly being connected to the intake of the compressor to accomplish such positive evacuation.
Instead of, or in addition to, positive evacuation, the control valve assembly may be adapted to recirculate excess pressurized air, that is, air which is in excess of what is needed to inflate each of the passages or chambers. In such modifications or embodiments, the control valve assembly performs a regulator function so that when the inflation pressure reaches a preselected level the valve assembly will automatically divert and recirculate additional air from the compressor beyond what is required to maintain the air pressure in the passage at the preselected level. The control valve assembly may also include flow restricting means for selectively controlling the flow of air evacuated from the pad and returning to the compressor, thereby regulating the extent and rate of evacuation of each chamber or tube.
The control valve assembly essentially comprises a valve body having an inlet for air under pressure and a plurality of openings for directing air to (and, in some instances, from) the conduits leading to the inflatable pad; a rotor for directing the flow of air through the valve body in accordance with the position of the rotor; and a motor for turning the rotor relative to the valve body. The valve body may also be equipped with an outlet for the recirculation of air back to the compressor and an annular groove which communicates with that outlet and which may be placed in communication with each of the openings leading to the conduits as the rotor turns. By spring-loading the rotor with a compression spring having selected compression force characteristics, the rotor may cooperate with the valve body to serve as a regulator for limiting the pressure to which the passages of the pad are inflated, the annular groove serving to collect excess air not used by the pad and returning that air to the compressor.
Other structural features, advantages, and objects of the invention will become apparent from the specification and drawings.
FIG. 1 is a somewhat schematic view of an inflatable pad and air control system embodying the present invention, the system being illustrated with the control valve in one position of adjustment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view similar to FIG. 1 but showing the control valve in a second position of adjustment.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the pad taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 1, a foam cushion being illustrated in phantom to indicate the full pad-cushion combination.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the valve body with the rotary valve member depicted in phantom and in the position shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the valve body similar to FIG. 4 but showing the valve member in phantom in the position of FIG. 2.
FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the components of the valve assembly.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7--7 of FIG. 4 but showing the valve member and associated elements as well as the valve body.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8--8 of FIG. 4 but showing the rotary valve member and associated elements as well as the valve body.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 8 but illustrating in somewhat exaggerated form the axial displacement of the valve member under increased pressure conditions.
FIG. 10 is a somewhat schematic view of a system constituting a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the rotary valve member used as a component of the control valve assembly (the remaining components being essentially as depicted in FIG. 6).
FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing the control valve assembly of the second embodiment in a normal operating condition.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 12 but showing in exaggerated form the axial displacement of the rotary valve member under conditions of increased pressure.
Referring to FIGS. 1-9, the numeral 10 generally designates a system or assembly comprising an inflatable pad 11, conduits 12-15, and a source of pressurized air (or other fluid) in the form of compressor 17. In the embodiment illustrated, the compressor is connected to the control valve assembly by means of a supply conduit 18 and an exhaust conduit 19.
The pad 11 is generally rectangular in configuration and, when used as a bed pan, would be dimensioned to be supported upon a standard bed mattress. The pad may advantageously be formed of a top wall or sheet 20 formed of a durable and flexible material and joined to a bottom wall or sheet 21 (which may also be of flexible material or, if desired, may be relatively rigid) by heat-sealing, sonic welding, adhesives, or any other suitable means, along portions 22 to define at least two interlaced serpentine passages 23 and 24 (FIG. 3). Natural or synthetic rubber may be used, as well as any of a variety of durable and flexible plastics, in fabricating the pad. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the top wall is provided with perforations 25 for the escape of air from the passages as will be described hereinafter. In use, the pad is covered with a porous cushion 26 formed of an open celled resilient plastic foam or any other suitable material. Since such a cusion or pad 26, and its use in conjunction with an inflatable pad, are well known in the art, as fully disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,653,083, the further discussion of such a porous cushion is believed unnecessary herein.
In the embodiment illustrated, the interlaced passages 23 and 24 extend back and forth throughout substantially the full width and length of the elongated rectangular pad 11. Each inflatable passage starts at an opening at one end of the pad and terminates at an opening at the pad's opposite end; hence, air under pressure introduced at one end will produce an inflation of the passage starting at that end and traveling towards the opposite end of the pad until the entire passage is inflated. It is to be noted, however, that although each inflatable passage terminates adjacent opposite ends of the pad, portions of conduits 12-15 may be enclosed within or built into the pad so that appropriate connections between the pad and the control valve assembly need be made only at one end portion of the pad. Furthermore, although the passages are depicted as serpentine, the interlaced transverse portions may alternatively be of the general configuration illustrated in FIGS. 4-6 of aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,653,083 except that, unlike the patented construction, each of such passages must effectively terminate at both ends of the pad.
Referring to FIG. 6, the control valve assembly 16 takes the form of a valve body 27, a rotary valve member 28, a motor 29 secured to the valve body and equipped with a shaft 30 for supporting and rotating the rotor, a compression spring 31, and an adjustment knob 32 threadedly carried by the end of drive shaft 30. The valve body 27 is shown as a generally rectangular block having a planar front face 33 against which the rotary valve member 28 is normally disposed. The block is bored in directions parallel with the face 33 to form inlet and outlet passages or openings 34 and 35, respectively (FIG. 7) and also to provide lateral passages 36-39 which communicate with conduits 12-15, respectively (FIG. 4). Passages or bores 36-39 extend inwardly and are joined at their respective inner ends by axial openings 40-43, respectively. Openings 40-43 are circumferentially and uniformly spaced along an annular portion 44 of the face 33 (FIG. 6).
Conduits 12-15 may take the form of flexible tubes or hoses, or portions of an integrated four-passage tube or hose, extending between the control valve assembly and the inflatable pad 11. Similarly, conduits 18 and 19 may take the form of flexible tubes or hoses, either joined or separate, extending between the control valve assembly and the compressor.
Referring to FIG. 7, it will be seen that inlet passage 34 communicates with an annular chamber 45 which extends about the hub of the drive shaft and which is open at the face of the valve block within the confines of annular zone 44. The outer limits of the annular zone are defined by a groove or channel 46 which communicates with outlet 35 (FIG. 7). Thus, in the operation of the device, channel 46 communicates with the intake of compressor 17 and is therefore under negative pressure, whereas chamber 45 communicates with the discharge end of the compressor and is under positive pressure.
The rotary valve member 28 is provided along its inner face (i.e., the surface facing the valve body) with a pair of T-shaped recesses 47 and 48. The stem portion 48a of recess 48 projects radially outwardly and is in constant communication with channel 46 when the parts are assembled. The intersecting portion 48b is arcuate and successively communicates with openings 40-43 of the valve body as the valve member is rotated.
The stem portion 47a of recess 47 is in continuous flow communication with chamber 45, whereas the intersecting arcuate portion 47b also is in successive communication with openings 40-43 as the rotary valve member is rotated. Thus, when the valve member is in the position illustrated in FIGS. 1, 4, and 8, compressed air discharged from compressor 17 passes into the inlet 34 and chamber 45 of the valve body, and then into recess 47 of the rotary valve member where it is distributed to opening 40 and connecting conduit 12 leading to inflatable chamber 23. At the same time, at the opposite end of the pad 11, inflatable chamber 24 is in flow communication with the intake of the compressor 17 through conduit 15, rotor recess 48, and valve outlet conduit 19. Inflatable chamber of passage 24 is therefore evacuated from one end of the pad while chamber or passage 23 is inflated from the opposite end. The result is a clearly noticeable inflation-deflation wave or ripple which starts at one end of the pad and ends at the opposite end. Shortly thereafter, when the rotary valve member has advanced to the position illustrated in FIG. 2, the direction of flow is altered with inflatable chamber 23 being evacuated and chamber 24 being inflated. As the rotary valve member advances into its next position, chamber 23 will again be inflated and chamber 24 will once more be evacuated. It is to be observed that each of the inflatable chambers is alternately inflated from its opposite ends. Similarly, deflation of each chamber occurs alternately from opposite ends of that chamber. Thus, chamber 23 is first inflated from one end, then deflated, and then inflated from its opposite end. The same inflation-deflation pattern occurs with respect to chamber 24. The result is that an inflation wave develops at one end of the pad and advances to the opposite end of the pad, then a second wave again develops (in the other chamber) starting at the same beginning and working its way towards the opposite end of the pad. Thereafter, the direction of the waves is reversed, an inflation wave starting at the opposite end of the pad and migrating to the original end, followed by a second wave originating at the opposite end (in the other chamber) and advancing towards the original starting end. The whole cycle is then repeated. Since the waves propagate in different directions over a full operating cycle (i.e., for inflations and for deflations), it is believed that the periodical reversal of direction of flow contributes significantly in reducing pressure points and in providing an improved system which enhances patient comfort and effectively reduces problems of decubitus ulcers for bedridden patients. It is also believed important that the discharge of air through perforations 25 of the pad, which provides ventilating and drying air for the patient to offset skin maceration and increase patient comfort, occurs more uniformly than in prior systems because of the reversing direction of inflation and wave propagation.
Referring to FIG. 8, channel 46 collects air returning from the deflating chamber through conduit 15, passage 39, opening 43, and recess 48 and, as revealed by FIG. 7, the air passing into channel 46 then flows to the compressor through passage 35 and conduit 19. In some cases, however, channel 46 may perform an additional function of collecting excess air and directing such excess air back to the intake of the compressor. In such a case, the control valve assembly serves as a regulator to limit the maximum inflation pressure of the inflatable chambers 23 and 24. The pressure-limiting operation of the valve assembly is indicated in FIG. 8 and, in particular, in FIG. 9.
Referring to FIG. 8, which depicts a normal operating condition, air under pressure enters the chamber 45 in the body of the valve and is directed to the pad through recess 47, opening 40, passage 36, and conduit 12. As the chamber 23 or 24 of the pad becomes fully inflated, a back pressure develops and, if that pressure reaches a predetermined level while the compressor continues to force air into the same chamber, the increased pressure within the valve assembly will cause the rotary valve member to become displaced axially away from the valve body, thereby allowing some of the air from the compressor to bypass opening 40 and enter channel 46 (FIG. 9) since the channel serves as an intake for the compressor, excess air is thereby returned directly to the compressor for recirculation. As soon as the rotary valve member has advanced to the point where recess 47 no longer overlies opening 40, the compression spring 31 returns the valve member into surface contact with the valve body. Adjustment of spring tension to control the maximum inflation pressure of the pad may be achieved by turning the knurled knob 32 one way or the other along the threaded end of shaft 30. It will be observed that the rotary valve member has an axial bore 50 of non-circular (square) cross section which slidably receives the non-circular (square) portion 51 of the drive shaft 30. The valve member is therefore mounted for limited axial movement while being locked against rotation independently of the shaft.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 1∝9, the valve assembly also includes flow restricting means in the form of a needle valve 52 positioned to control flow of air evacuated from the pad by the compressor. Ideally, the needle valve 52 is located in the rotor to partially obstruct the stem portion 48a of recess 48, the valve member being threadedly mounted and equipped with a slotted and knurled head portion 52a for selective adjustment of valve operation. By adjusting the valve member to provide greater restriction of flow, a smaller proportion of the air supplied to the compressor 17 is drawn from the inflatable chambers of the pad and a larger proportion takes the form of room air drawn through a separate compressor intake 53. As a result, evacuation of each chamber will occur more slowly. If the rotor indexes into its next position before evacuation of a given chamber is completed, then obviously some residual air will remain in that chamber. The differences in the heights in the inflated and relaxed chambers may therefore be controlled to achieve optimum effects.
While the needle valve member 52 is shown to be mounted in rotor 28 so that it protrudes into recess 48, it is believed apparent that the flow restricting means might be located elsewhere to achieve similar, although perhaps less effective, results. Thus, a flow restricting valve may be located in conduit 19 (FIG. 7), just downstream from the illustrated position, or in compressor intake 53 since by regulating the proportion of room air drawn into the compressor through the intake 53 the proportion of air evacuated from the pad is necessarily affected. Other valve locations may be selected; however, the location depicted in the drawings is believed particularly effective because in that location the flow restrictor affects only the air withdrawn from the chamber of the pad undergoing evacuation. The operation of the negative pressure groove 46 in collecting excess air in the manner already described is not affected.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 10-13, the only structural difference is found in the construction of rotary valve member 28'. Since the other parts of the system are the same as in the preceding embodiment, the same numerals are used.
Rotary valve member 28' is similar to member 28 except that it has only a single T-shaped recess 47. Recess 48 is omitted in valve member 28'. Since there is no positive evacuation of air from the chambers of the pad when the valve member is positioned as shown in FIG. 12, deflation of those chambers occurs primarily by reason of the escape of air through the perforations in the pad's upper wall.
As in the prior embodiment, the intake of compressor 17 is connected to the valve body by means of conduit 19. Although there is no positive evacuation of the chambers of the pad when the valve member is seated as shown in FIG. 12, the compressor does draw air from channel 46 in the valve body, creating a negative pressure in that channel. Should the inflation pressure in a chamber of the pad exceed a preselected maximum pressure, causing axial separation of the rotary valve member 28' from valve body 27 in the manner previously described, then excess air is free to pass directly from chamber 45 into channel 46 and be returned to the compressor for recirculation (FIG. 13). When such separation occurs, the channel 46 is also placed in communication with opening 43 and, consequently, the valve and compressor produce limited positive evacuation of the relaxed chamber as long as such separation exists. As before, spring 31 returns the valve member into its original position (FIG. 12) when the excess pressure condition is relieved.
Spring 31 is disclosed in both forms of the invention for the purpose of maintaining the valve member and valve body in sliding engagement with each other and, preferably, to permit slight axial separation of the parts when a predetermined back pressure (i.e., the maximum desired inflation pressure of the chambers of the pad) develops. It is to be understood, however, that similar results may be achieved, although perhaps less effectively, even in the absence of spring 31, as long as air under pressure is capable of leaking outwardly between the opposing faces of the parts. The channel 46 will perform the function of collecting excess air and returning it to the compressor when sufficient back pressure develops so that only a portion of the air from the inlet chamber 45 enters the selected openings 40-43, the remaining portion flowing outwardly between the opposing faces of valve body 27 and valve member 28 (or 28').
It is to be understood that in both forms of the invention the compressor 17 draws only part of its air requirements from conduit 19. Additional air as needed is taken directly from the room through an additional compressor intake 53. Furthermore, it is to be understood that in some installations the return conduit may be entirely deleted, thereby eliminating the capability of the system to recirculate excess air, evacuated air, or both. In such a system, however, the valve assembly will nevertheless operate in conjunction with the pad to cause each inflatable passage or chamber of that pad to be inflated alternately from its opposite ends and from opposite ends of the pad as a whole.
While in the foregoing we have disclosed embodiments of the invention in considerable detail for purposes of illustration, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many of these details may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
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|Sanders Gerald J.
|Pneumatic compression system
|Oct 21, 2003
|Dec 23, 2004
|Guthrie Brian L.
|Alternating pressure valve system
|Jun 30, 2004
|Dec 30, 2004
|Life Support Technologies
|Hyperbaric chamber control and/or monitoring system and methods for using the same
|Sep 23, 2004
|Feb 17, 2005
|Hanh Barry D.
|Patient support system
|Feb 3, 2005
|Jun 23, 2005
|Paul Shabty
|Counterpulsation device using noncompressed air
|Jun 24, 2005
|Oct 27, 2005
|Paul Shabty
|Computer-based control for a counterpulsation device using noncompressed air
|Aug 15, 2005
|Feb 16, 2006
|Warwick Warren J
|Chest compression apparatus
|Mar 2, 2006
|Jul 6, 2006
|Shang-Neng Wu
|Air mattress control unit
|Apr 25, 2006
|Aug 31, 2006
|Map Medizin-Technologie Gmbh
|Application device for breathing mask arrangement
|Nov 16, 2006
|Mar 29, 2007
|Life Support Technologies, Inc.
|Methods and apparatus for light therapy
|Sep 12, 2006
|Apr 26, 2007
|Warwick Warren J
|Chest compression apparatus
|Apr 21, 2008
|Nov 27, 2008
|Mario Nozzarella
|Air Vest for Chest Compression Apparatus
|Dec 28, 2007
|Dec 4, 2008
|Mario Nozzarella
|Focused Chest Compression System and Method of Using Same
|Jun 12, 2008
|Dec 18, 2008
|Thierry Flocard
|Support Device of the Mattress Type Comprising A Heterogeneous Inflatable Structure
|Oct 13, 2008
|Apr 23, 2009
|Jean-Luc Caminade
|Method of inflating, in alternating manner, a support device having inflatable cells, and a device for implementing the method
|Dec 6, 2007
|Jun 11, 2009
|Delvaux Andrew B
|Cpr facilitating mattress
|Jun 10, 2009
|Dec 10, 2009
|Hansen Leland G
|Chest Compression Apparatus Having Physiological Sensor Accessory
|Oct 2, 2009
|Apr 15, 2010
|Hlz Innovation, Llc
|Adjustable pneumatic supporting surface
|Aug 13, 2010
|Mar 3, 2011
|Jean-Francois Tarsaud
|Lateral tilt device
|Jun 22, 2009
|Jul 21, 2011
|Ricky Jay Fontaine
|Inflatable mattress and method of operating same
|Sep 2, 2009
|Oct 27, 2011
|Roho, Inc.
|Inflatable cushion valve and attachment apparatus
|Jan 5, 2012
|Jul 5, 2012
|Vissman S.r.I
|Apparatus for the conditioning of muscular fibrils reaction coordination capacity by means a pressure wave, and aesthetic and therapeutic application thereof
|Jun 18, 2012
|Dec 19, 2013
|Tyco Healthcare Group Lp
|Compression System With Vent Cooling Feature
|Mar 13, 2014
|Sep 18, 2014
|Kap Medical, Inc.
|Patient support apparatus and method
|Mar 17, 2014
|Sep 18, 2014
|Compression Therapy Concepts, Inc.
|Portable Micro Air Pump for Use in Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Therapy
|Mar 17, 2014
|Sep 18, 2014
|Compression Therapy Concepts, Inc.
|Air Pump for use in Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Therapy Having a Digital Display
|May 7, 2014
|Nov 13, 2014
|Edward George Varga, Jr.
|Massaging apparatus and method
|May 2, 2000
|Nov 8, 2000
|Orta Marketing Inc.
|Massaging device
|Jun 13, 2016
|Dec 21, 2016
|Allen Medical Systems, Inc.
|Spine table positioner pad with pressure sensing and cooling features
|Mar 11, 1993
|Sep 15, 1994
|Terry Keene Holdredge
|Pneumatic wheel chair cushion for reducing ischemic injury
|Mar 31, 2004
|Oct 28, 2004
|Medical Dynamics Llc, Usa
|Pneumatic compression system
|Mar 31, 2004
|Feb 23, 2006
|Mark G Kroot
|Pneumatic compression system
|U.S. Classification
|601/150, 137/565.27, 5/713, 5/714, 601/149
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 2, 1987
Owner name: BAXTER TRAVENOL LABORATORIES, INC. A CORP. OF DE
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:AMERICAN HOSPITAL SUPPLY CORPORATION INTO;REEL/FRAME:004760/0345
Effective date: 19870126
|Jan 30, 1990
Owner name: BAXTER INTERNATIONAL INC.
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:BAXTER TRAVENOL LABORATORIES, INC., A CORP. OF DE;REEL/FRAME:005050/0870
Effective date: 19880518
|May 18, 1998
Owner name: ALLEGIANCE CORPORATION, ILLINOIS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BAXTER INTERNATIONAL, INC.;REEL/FRAME:009227/0184
Effective date: 19960930


text:
Neonatal Nursing
What You Need to Know About Neonatal Nursing
Neonatal nurses care for newborns, both healthy and ill, until they are ready to leave the hospital. These positions are usually found in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU), but there are different levels of care provided by neonatal nurses, depending on the health of the infant. Level I consists of caring for healthy newborns. Often, these babies will share a room with their mother and will not be in a nursery, and they will typically be discharged quickly. Level II provides care for premature or ill newborns who may need special therapy or additional time in the hospital before being discharged. Level III is the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), where Neonatal Intensive Care nurses work. They treat newborns with more serious conditions who need technology such as breathing and feeding tubes to remain stable. Level IV involves caring for the most critically ill and complex newborns. Neonatal nurses in this unit have a very small patient load and constantly monitor their patients, who require a high level of specialized attention.
Preparation Path
$65,000 - $110,000
Annual Salary Range
Typical Tasks
- Managing and carrying out a newborn's plan of care
- Administering medications and monitoring the newborn's condition
- Providing vaccinations for newborns
- Changing diapers, feeding, bathing, and comforting babies in distress
- Interacting with parents and answering their questions about the infant's medical status
- Instructing mothers about the importance of breastfeeding
- Advising parents on how to care for the healthy infant once they are home
Education Requirements
ASN or BSN
Employment Settings
RN, plus certification in Neonatal Resuscitation. Certification as a Critical Care Registered Nurse is also recommended.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
LONG BEACH – The third-ranked Long Beach State men's volleyball team turned in an all-around solid effort on Saturday at the Walter Pyramid as the Beach handed No. 7 Stanford its first conference loss of the season in a 3-0 sweep [30-28, 25-14, 25-18].
Long Beach State improved to 9-2 overall and 5-1 in the MPSF, while Stanford fell to 6-3 on the year and 3-1 in the league.
The Beach hit .418 (43-10-79) on the day, while limiting the Cardinal to a mere .122 attack percentage (31-21-82). LBSU held the advantage over Stanford in assists (42-29), service aces (6-1) and blocks (11.0-6.0) in the total team effort.
Sophomore setter Josh Tuaniga set the tone for the 49ers as he dished out 32 assists and hit a team-high .667 tying his career-high of six kills on nine attempts without committing an error. He also added two digs, one block and a service ace.
Kyle Ensing led all LBSU scorers with 12 kills en route to hitting .360 in the contest. He also added five digs and a block assist. Although Ensing was the only 49er to reach double-figures in the match, the offensive output was evenly spread out as Andrew Whitt knocked down nine kills, TJ DeFalco added eight, while Amir Lugo-Rodriguez and Bryce Yould each contributed four as each starter, with the exception of the libero, had at least four kills in the match.
Andrew Sato dished out eight digs in the backrow and collected 19 receptions without committing an error. DeFalco was also on point on defense with 21 receptions without an error. Overall, the Beach posted a .981 reception percentage with 53 total receptions and just one miscue.
Lugo-Rodriguez had a solid game at the net as he put up a team-leading eight blocks. He posted three solo blocks and five block assists and never committed a blocking error.
The first set was the most competitive as the Beach and the Cardinal changed leads seven times and saw the score tied up on 16 occasions. Long Beach State hit .395 in the frame and Stanford posted an attack percentage of .355.
After batting through several set points and ties, the 49ers managed to put the game away on a kill by DeFalco followed by an ace by Yould as the Beach went on to defeat the Cardinal, 30-28.
Following the back and forth opening set, Long Beach State came out swinging in the second game and hit .500 as the Beach knocked down 13 kills on 20 attempts, while committing just three errors. Additionally, LBSU owned an impressive sideout percentage of 92%.
The Beach controlled the second set as they forced the Cardinal into seven attack errors. With just six kills in the frame, Stanford posted a -.045 clip as the 49ers rolled past by a score of 25-14.
Long Beach State completed the three-set sweep of Stanford with a solid third game that saw the Beach knock down nine kills on 21 attempts, while making just one error en route to hitting .381. Meanwhile, the 49ers' defense once again kept the Cardinal off balance forcing them into 10 attack errors as they cancelled out their 10 kills for a .000 attack percentage.
As they did in the second set, the Beach held a comfortable lead and went on to collect a 25-18 victory and complete the sweep over the Cardinal.
Stanford was led by Gabriel Vega who notched 13 kills for a .476 attack percentage. Kyle Dagostino and Evan Enriques posted seven and six digs, respectively, while Kevin Rakestraw led the team with four blocks.
Long Beach State hits the road for the next four matches as they take on UC Irvine (Feb. 10), UC San Diego (Feb. 11), UC Santa Barbara (Feb. 15) and UCLA (Feb. 18).
Sport Links
- 2016-17 Season
- NCAA Tournament Central
- Season Statistics (PDF)
- 2017 Media Guide (PDF)
- Printable Schedule (PDF)
- 2015-16 Season
- Highlight Video
- Final Statistics (PDF)
- Final Release
- Asics Tournament Results
- Quick Facts
- Printable Schedule
- Printable Roster
- 2014-15 Season
- Final Statistics
- Final Release
- Asics Tournament Results
- Quick Facts
- Printable Schedule
- Printable Roster
- Alumni Match - Photos
- Recruits
- Recruiting Information
- Recruit Form
- General Information
- Follow @LBSU_MVB on Twitter
- Booster Clubs
- Wall of Honor
- Team History
- Ticket Information
- Walter Pyramid
- Related Links
- Volleyball Magazine
- USA Volleyball
Media Guides
Section 1Covers and Introduction
Section 2Coaching Staff
Section 3Player Profiles
Section 42015 Season Review
Section 5History and Records
Section 6Welcome to the Beach
More Headlines
Alan Knipe Named VolleyballMag.com Coach of the...05/16/2017 - M. Volleyball
On the heels of one of the best seasons in program history, the Long Beach State men's...
The Beach Conclude Historic Season with Setback...05/04/2017 - M. Volleyball
No. 2 seed Long Beach State was unable to overcome a slow start as the Beach dropped a 3-0 [20-25...
TJ DeFalco Named 2017 AVCA Division I-II Men's ...05/03/2017 - M. Volleyball
Long Beach State sophomore TJ DeFalco was named the 2017 TeamSnap/AVCA Division I-II Men's ...
No. 2 Seed Long Beach State Ready to Face BYU...05/02/2017 - M. Volleyball
Long Beach State, which comes into the NCAA Semifinals as the No. 1 ranked team in the nation and...
Alan Knipe Selected 2017 USMC/AVCA Division I-I...05/02/2017 - M. Volleyball
On Tuesday morning, the American Volleyball Coaches Associate (AVCA) announced that head coach...
Long Beach State Earns a Program-Record Six...05/01/2017 - M. Volleyball
For the first time in program history, Long Beach State has half a dozen 49ers named American...


text:
NY Teamsters Pension Becomes First To Run Out Of Money As Expert Warns "Pension Tsunami" Is Coming…" the real "pension tsunami" will come when the massive "municipal and state plans go down next."
by Tyler Durden
Feb 28, 2017
The New York Teamsters Road Carriers Local 707 Pension Fund has won the unfortunate award for "First Pension to Officially Run Out of Money." According to the New York Daily News, and a host of angry former truck drivers who've had their pension benefits slashed, the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. (PBGC) has officially been forced to step in and take over payments to retirees of the Local 707, albeit at a much lower rate.
Teamsters Local 707's pension fund is the first to officially bottom out financially — which happened this month.
"I had a union job for 30 years," Chmil said. "We had collectively bargained contracts that promised us a pension. I paid into it with every paycheck. Everyone told us, 'Don't worry, you have a union job, your pension is guaranteed.' Well, so much for that."
"It's a nightmare, it has just devastated all of our lives. I've gone from having $48,000 a year to less than half that," said Chmil, one of five Local 707 retirees who agreed to share their stories with the Daily News last week.
"I don't want other people to have to go through this. We need everyone to wake up and do something; that's why we're talking," said Ray Narvaez.


text:
The Shop is the place where you can buy Pokemon TCGO Digital Packs with
Trainer Tokens(Formerly Booster Points).
In the featured section of the shop you can either see the three newest items or the the three most popular items in shop.
Theme DecksEdit
You can buy Theme packs for 500 Trainer Tokens here.
Booster PacksEdit
You can buy 10 Card Booster packs for 200 Trainer Tokens here. You can also get special bundles.


text:
What is my Personal Allowance for Income Tax and what are the Income Tax rates?
Tax Year
Tax Year
|Personal allowance
|Income limit for personal allowance
Tax Year2016/17
Tax Year2015/16
|Basic rate - 20%
|£0 - £32,000
|£0 - £31,785
|Higher rate - 40%
|£32,001 - £150,000
|£31,786 - £150,000
|Additional rate - 45%
|Over £150,000
|Over £150,000
What are the National Insurance Contribution rates for 2016/17?
|Monthly earnings
Class 1
Class 1
|£0 - £672
|£672 - £3,583
|£676 - £3,583
|Over £3,583
When is the dealine for submitting my Self Assessment Tax Return and paying any tax due?
If you are submitting your tax return by paper, it must reach HMRC by 31st October. If you are submitting your tax return online, it must reach HMRC by 31st January.
For the 2015/16 tax year (6th April 2015 - 5th April 2016), your tax return must reach HMRC by 31st October 2016 (paper) or 31st January 2017 (online).
You have to pay the balance of any tax that you owe by 31st January following the end of the tax year. So, 31st January 2017 for the 2015/16 tax year. This payment deadline is the same for paper and online returns.
If the tax you are due for the previous year is more than £1,000 you will have to make 2 payments on account during the year towards your next tax return. These will be made on 31st January and 31st July and will be half of the tax due for the previous year.
Are there any penalties for missing the Self Assessment Tax Return deadline?
Yes, the penalties for late submission are as follows:
|Length past deadline
|1 day
|A £100 penalty will be due.
|3 months late
|A £10 penalty for each following day up to a maximum of £900. Plus the £100 penalty above.
|6 months late
|The higher of £300 or 5% of the tax due. Plus the penalties above.
|12 months late
|The higher of £300 or 5% of the tax due. Plus the penalties above. In certain circumstances, HMRC may ask for 100% of the tax due instead or impose higher penalties.
When are my Limited Company Accounts due to be filed?
Your limited company accounts are usually due to be filed with Companies House within 9 months of your accounting reference date.
If you are filing the first set of accounts for your company and they cover a period of more than 12 months, they must be filed within 21 months of the date of incorporation or 3 months from your accounting reference date, whichever is longer.
When is my company's Corporation Tax Return due to be filed and when does the Corporation Tax have to be paid?
Your company's Corporation Tax Return is due to be filed within 12 months of the end of your company's Corporation Tax accounting period. A company's Corporation Tax accounting period is usually 12 months long and will normally match a company's financial year.
Your company's Corporation Tax is due to be paid before the deadline for filing the Corporation Tax Return. It must be paid 9 months and 1 day after the end of the Corporation Tax accounting period. If your company's profits are greater than £1.5 million, you will usually pay Corporation Tax in installments.
What are the Corporation Tax rates?
1 April 2016
1 April 2015
|Small profits rate - profits of £300,000 or less
|Profits between £300,00 and £1,500,000
|Main rate - profits above £1,500,000
What is the VAT registration threshold?
If your VAT taxable turnover is more than the £83,000 registration threshold over the last 12 months, you have to register for VAT. Furthermore, you have to register for VAT if you expect your VAT taxable turnover to go above the threshold in the next 30 days alone. You are also required to register for VAT if you take over a VAT registered business as a going concern.
What are the payment deadlines for PAYE and Class 1 NICs?
Electronic payments of PAYE and Class 1 NICs must be made by the 22nd of the month following the month to which they relate. Any PAYE or Class 1 NICs due for May 2016 must be paid by 22nd June 2016. Postal payments must be made by the 19th of the month. If your PAYE and Class 1 NICs payment is going to be less than £1,500 per month, you can choose to pay quarterly.


text:
This property is no longer available.Search for Available Property.
6.6 acres in Columbia County, Georgia
Hard to find in Columbia County. Home with 6.6 acres, tucked away 1 mile from Exit 190 on I-20. Fantastic opportunity to have your space and accessibility to a fast growing area. Home needs updating.Priced well below the Columbia County Tax Assessment. Home is being sold As Is.
From Lewiston Road, turn onto Meadowlark Lane, home will be on the left.
Tax Data (Show Tax Data)
Tax data is not available for this listing.
Contact the Seller for more information.
Other Land for Sale in Columbia County
- Columbia County Properties by City
- Appling, GA Land for Sale
- Evans, GA Land for Sale
- Grovetown, GA Land for Sale
- Harlem, GA Land for Sale
- Properties for Sale in Nearby Counties
- Edgefield County Land for Sale
- Lincoln County Land for Sale
- McCormick County Land for Sale
- McDuffie County Land for Sale
- Richmond County Land for Sale
NOTE: The information contained herein is provided as general information only and has been obtained from sources deemed reliable. It is provided without any guaranty, warranty or representation, expressed or implied, made by Lands of America, or any related entity, as to the accuracy or completeness of the information. The information is presented subject to errors, omissions, change of price or conditions, prior sale or withdrawal without notice. Prospective purchasers should make their own investigations, projections and conclusions concerning the information.


text:
|Real name
|Pompelio Craig
|Deceased (Grabbed and eaten by a Deplector)
This individual was a sailor who worked on the SS Venture on an expedition to Skull Island.
He is equipped with a Thompson M1928.
This man was an old sailor on the SS Venture who was hired by Carl Denham as a depth measurer to sail to Singapore (not knowing that the ship was heading towards to Skull Island). He enjoyed watching Ann Darrow and Jimmy dancing during the ship's dance. During the arrival of Skull Island, the sailor measured the depths. When the ship hit the island's wall he helped Lumpy and the other crew remove stuff out of the ship in order to keep it from sinking. He joined the crew to search for Ann (who had been kidnapped) and survived most of the dangers until the Insect Pit. During the Ferrucutus Cerastes attack, he is seen firing his Thompson along with the others until Ben Hayes took them to stop. When the Ferrucutus attack, he was the first person to get hit by it.
When the insects started to attack the crew, this sailor tried to climb up the cliff, but was unfortunately grabbed and eaten by a Deplector.
Behind the ScenesEdit
- The sailor was portrayed by Eddie Campbell in Peter Jackson's 2005 version of King Kong. He also star in the movie, The Water Horse: Legend of the Deep.


text:
The CTChip® FR
The microfluidic biochip captures CTCs based on inertial characteristics such as size and deformability, relative to other blood components, by using Dean Flow Fractionation (DFF). Through the DFF process, the cells are focused within the microfluidic channels of the CTChip® FR, with larger cells along the inner wall and the smaller cells away from it. This label-free approach ensures effective, continuous and quick separation while retaining cell viability thus lending itself to a myriad of downstream applications.
Contact Us for more information
NewsGenomeWeb Feature: John Wayne Cancer Institute and Clearbridge BioMedics announce partnership to develop CTC CoRE in the U.S. PR Newswire: John Wayne Cancer Institute, and Clearbridge BioMedics announce partnership to develop Circulating Tumor Cell Centre of Research Excellence in the U.S. BioSpectrum: John Wayne Cancer Institute and Clearbridge BioMedics announce partnership
Precision Medicine & Big Data Congress: Asia [click me]
22-23 AUGUST 2017 | SEOUL, S.KOREA | PRESENTATION & BOOTH #3Read more
Next Generation Dx Summit 2017 [click me]
15-18 AUGUST 2017 | WASHINGTON DC, USARead more


text:
TeleTech Mexico - Company Profile (About Company Profile Pages)
Company MembersBecome a Member
Industry Champion Comments
Latest Voter Comments - why they want this company to win!
No Published Comments
Latest Tweets
Project Share 2017 is happening very soon. For now, please check this #TBT Project Share video from 2015. https://youtu.be/F-yYNo-1K-A
August 18, 2017 12:23 AM
August 18, 2017 12:23 AM
Congratulations #UK team for receiving the Payroll Giving Quality Mark #Award for 2017. #ExperienceTeleTech
August 15, 2017 7:59 PM
August 15, 2017 7:59 PM
Want to chat over a cup of coffee? We're looking for the best #customer #service #representatives ! Link is on the cup #ExperienceTeleTech
August 15, 2017 11:59 AM
August 15, 2017 11:59 AM
Where is the beach? These are the things weekends are made for. Let's go! Join our teams- http://TeleTechjobs.com
August 10, 2017 9:59 PM
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Every interaction we have with our clients, colleagues and the communities where we operate are guided by these #values . #ExperienceTeleTech
August 9, 2017 9:59 PM
Contact Center Video News
Audio Podcasts
Latest Podcasts
from ContactCenterWorld.Com


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About Stigern
Lance Corporal
Stigern posted a topic in ARMA - MULTIPLAYERYepp We got two computers running in LAN with a router, each got a legal copy of Arma. But over to the problem. Only one of us can join a online server each. When computer 1 is on a server, computer 2 can't join. When computer 2 is on a server computer 1 can't join that one. Anyone who knows a solution?
Stigern replied to Stigern's topic in ARMA - WARFAREWhy not? It's such a huge aspect of the warfare strategy, and it would be great when playing with friends against the AI.
Stigern posted a topic in ARMA - WARFAREWho doesn't the AI use them?
Stigern replied to Stigern's topic in ARMA - ADDONS & MODS: DISCUSSIONAh, so obvious
Stigern posted a topic in ARMA - ADDONS & MODS: DISCUSSIONHi I have dl the face pack, and it contains alot of jpegs with faces. But where do I put the face .jpg file after im finished making one?
Stigern replied to hoz's topic in ARMA - GENERALYES! Can`t wait for this one! Motorcycles
Stigern replied to Al Simmons's topic in ARMA - ADDONS & MODS: COMPLETENice work! Looing forward to mines, "bouncing betty"
Stigern replied to sjaba's topic in ARMA - TROUBLESHOOTINGOkai, first they use Starforce, And Securerom, and THEN the dvd-orginal-disc become unusable, WTF?
Stigern replied to Chris Death's topic in ARMA - TROUBLESHOOTINGWe have same problem here, tried updating a www.drvupdate.com, it was a label at the front of the dvdbay. And still no sign of improvement. It just freezes when I click on the dvddrive in windows. And when its taken out, the computer un-freeze. Damn crap dvd.
Stigern replied to otester's topic in ARMA - GENERALI got mine delivered from Bol.de to norway, took about 6-7 days.
Stigern replied to poitings's topic in ARMA - GENERALSo many "!" and "S" :P Anyway, I think it would be a good idead to release it trough steam, but dunno if it would be.
Stigern replied to kronzky's topic in ARMA - USER MISSIONSFancy!
Stigern replied to Lobanak's topic in ARMA - TROUBLESHOOTINGYour kidding right? or maybe a spelling fault? 12mb? Â EDIT: oh, nm way to late :P Sorry 9200 with 128mb It would be around equal to a Geforce4 mx420, and its not enough to run arma.
Stigern replied to maxqubit's topic in ARMA - MISSION EDITING & SCRIPTINGI tried to populate the little island, and it went well, but my way of population was placing out civilians with waypoints and cycle, and some cars. Not effective, it took me like 30 minutes just doing one small city, and it looked a little pre-made :P
Stigern replied to mattxr's topic in ARMA - MISSION EDITING & SCRIPTINGGreat!


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The Bold and The Beautiful spoilers say there's a big shakeup coming at Forrester Creations today that will give birth to a rival fashion house that should shake the Forresters in a way that copycat house Spectra never could. Events coming this week could spawn Spectra-Forrester Fashions, an all-new LA fashion brand and this means civil war among the Forresters.
Dollar Bills Rages At Ridge
According to new The Bold and The Beautiful spoilers from Soap She Knows, Ridge Forrester (Thorsten Kaye) flies into a rage after Dollar Bill Spencer (Don Diamont) details for him how Thomas Forrester (Pierson Fode) saved Spectra from closure by writing a $100k check to CJ Garrison (Christopher Graves). Bill is furious that his beautiful skyscraper plans were sidelined and helps Ridge see Thomas as a betrayer.
Steffy Forrester (Jacqueline MacInnes Wood) fills her dad Ridge in on Bill's sneaky sabotage of Sally Spectra (Courtney Hope) by his forging a review and publishing it under Jarrett Maxwell's (Andrew Collins) name. Bill doesn't care, and The Bold and The Beautiful spoilers indicate Bill will remind Ridge that Thomas' actions cost them both a load of cash. FC lost a collection and Bill lost his building.
Thomas Fired – Designer For Hire!
Meanwhile, on upcoming The Bold and The Beautiful episodes, Thomas and Sally hang out at his condo talking about the future of her fashion house while Sally profusely thanks Thomas for riding to her rescue. Their joy is interrupted when an enraged Ridge beats down the door. Ridge walked out on his unpleasant discussion with Bill at FC so he can confront his son and discover the truth about Spectra.
Today on #BoldandBeautiful, Thomas comes to Sally's rescue during her greatest hour of need. WATCH FULL EPISODE: https://t.co/YOpLQJiNXz pic.twitter.com/kS42a47Zpd
— Bold & The Beautiful (@BandB_CBS) May 11, 2017
Sally wants to hide, but on Monday's The Bold and The Beautiful, Thomas tells her to stay put as his dad berates him for betraying the Forresters, investing in Sally, and says he won't let Thomas associate with a criminal. Then on Tuesday's, The Bold and The Beautiful, Thomas tries to defend himself, Ridge won't listen, and in an explosive moment, Ridge fires his son from Forrester. That means Thomas needs a job.
Spectra-Forrester Fashions Coming Soon?
Once Sally came on the scene in LA and caught her eye, it seemed inevitable that Thomas would end up at the rival fashion house. Ridge had ridden roughshod over his son for years – most recently when he tried to steal baby Douglas Forrester by falsely claiming paternity. If anyone on The Bold and The Beautiful has a beef about loyalty, it should be Thomas against his dad, not vice-versa.
On yesterday's #BoldandBeautiful, Thomas inspires Sally to stay and work her way back up. WATCH THE CLIP: https://t.co/xIFsEzpvMZ pic.twitter.com/ThM2PJl5Xh
— Bold & The Beautiful (@BandB_CBS) May 10, 2017
With Thomas out of FC and free to do as he wants, it won't be long before Thomas and Sally decide to work together. Whether they call the brand "Spectra Forrester" or go with something new like "Sally Thomas", it's a civil war for the Forresters. Sally has a unique design sensibility, and Thomas is quite talented so the couple could give his family a run for their money on the fashion scene.
Bill Won't Give Up – Will It Cost Him Everything?
Other The Bold and The Beautiful spoilers say Bill won't give up on his beautiful high-rise building and his determination to have it at all costs could cost him Brooke Logan (Katherine Kelly Lang). Brooke is ready to marry this week, but Ridge makes a last-minute pitch, according to The Bold and The Beautiful spoilers, to win her back from Bill. Could Bill's sabotage of Spectra help Ridge plead his case?
Soap magazine spoilers for The Bold and The Beautiful this week promise a wedding for Brooke, but who the groom is remains to be seen. One person who may welcome Thomas' exit from FC is Zende Forrester (Rome Flynn) who has been working hard for a shot as a designer. With Thomas gone and FC in dire need of a new collection, this could be the big break Zende's been hoping for the past few weeks.
Would you buy a Spectra-Forrester gown? Do you think Thomas and Sally working together will cement their relationship or put them on the skids? Will Ridge kick Thomas out of the condo and, if so, will Thomas and Sally wind up living in squalor together while they cobble together their first collection? Will Bill force Jarrett to write another bad review or will the Eye on Fashion reporter walk away for ethics?
Answers to all these questions are coming soon promise the latest The Bold and The Beautiful spoilers.
[Featured Image by Richard Shotwell/AP Images]


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G. Edward Griffin's controversial book was titled, "The Creature from Jekyll Island".
It's not fiction, but it talked about the beast that will destroy those that do nothing, and just go along with the program.
The setting: Jekyll Island Club Hotel is on the private island of Jekyll Island, off the Georgia coast.
The key players: Wall Street bankers, a few US Senators and some other New York financial elites who decided to met on Jekyll Island (a private island) off the coast of Georgia in 1910 to establish a new central banking system.
G. Edward Griffin took another look at the creature and explained it in one video clip which was broken down into eight parts. Total time 42:15 mins.
Part 1 time marker (0:01 – 7:15) What is the Federal Reserve System?
Part 2 time marker (7:16 – 28:57) Who drafted the plan for the Fed and where did that occur?
Part 3 time marker (28:58 – 31:34) Should our paper currency still be backed by silver and gold?
Part 4 time marker (31:35 – 33:46) What is the problem of fiat money?
Part 5 time marker (33:47 – 34:55) Why do the bankers get away with it?
Part 6 time marker (34:56 – 36:47) What might happen if we continue on our current path?
Part 7 time marker (36:48 – 38:56) What good might come to returning to constitutional money?
Part 8 time marker (38:57 – 42:15) What can concerned citizens do to help?
Mr. Flaherty of the Political Research Associates (PRA) on the online archive of the old [Public Eye.Org website] went into more detail. He went back to the history of banking prior to the Civil War.
The National Banking Acts of 1863 & 1864. These act were enacted to assert some degree of Federal control over the states banking system without the formation of another central bank. The primary purposes;
1. Create a system of a national banks per regions of the country.
2. Create a uniformed national currency system.
3. Create a financial market to help pay for the United States Civil War.
Next came the 1907 bank panic. Tom Cunningham, vice president, senior economist and regional executive of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta blamed the problem with the clearing houses.
Then there was the Reserve Act of 1913. According to the PRA writer, the Jekyll Island plan failed but the outline was adopted. Eight to twelve autonomous regional banks would be owned by the bankers in each region but their actions would be coordinated by a federal reserve board that was appointed by the President of the United States. This was a case of being privately owned but publicly controlled.
The too big to fail, was a monetary policy that failed. It failed so bad that Hollywood even got into the act. Fiction followed real life. A few people saw it coming but too many didn't.
When the movie finally came out, many still wondered why most of the people who caused the problem didn't go to jail.
If you are a hard working person doing every thing you can to stay a float, now is not the time to sit home and not vote. And no matter who gets in office you need to start an alternate plan for your money. You can start a business, and use the Kalatu blog to get your message out and find a safer way to save you money. With the currency in fluctuation maybe it's a good time to look at something as good as [GOLD]. Believe it or not you can save with [real cash gold]. #realgoldisbeingsold.


text:
Blog Entry# 2071931
Posted: Nov 26 2016 (13:27)
No Responses Yet
Journey: Mon Nov 21, 2016 @ 16:5015620/Kamakhya-Gaya Weekly Express
Class: Sleeper - SL
Travel: KNE/KishanGanj to GAYA/Gaya Junction | 557 km / 1071 km
Entry# 2071931
PNR: 655-xxxxxxx | Similar PNRs
Posted Status as of: Nov 26 2016 (13:27)Passenger 1: S2,23 [SL] (Bo oking Status: W/L 8,GNWL)
Passenger 2: S2,24 [SU] (Bo oking Status: W/L 9,GNWL)
Total Fare: 850
Chart PREPARED
KishanGanj to Gaya
Rs. 425 / person.
Weekly on Monday morning.
Gaya at 5:40 AM
Via KISHANGANJ- Barsoi. Bhagalpur. Nawada.
Please analyze this PNR, and predict the final Charting Status. Thanks.
Latest Status as of: Nov 26 2016 (13:26)Passenger 1: S2,23 [SL] (Booking Status: W/L 8,GNWL)
Passenger 2: S2,24 [SU] (Booking Status: W/L 9,GNWL)
Total Fare: 850
Chart PREPARED
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Latest News
Because the industry is constantly changing our standards are constantly evolving to ensure they keep pace with industry needs. Our standards are at the forefront of digital measurement and best practice, helping to raise standards and ensure decision makers have access to comparable, credible and transparent information.
Here you can find news about the latest standards approved by JICWEBS.
JICWEBS Townhall Event
On the 24th February JICWEBS hosted an industry 'townhall' at the IAB looking at what's being done to address online advertising's 3 big issues – Ad Fraud, Viewability and Brand Safety. With over 150 people in attendance, it was a great chance to hear from speakers across our industry plus the City of London Police. This was followed by an audience Q and A.
You can see the presentations from the day using the links below
- Richard Foan, Chairman, JICWEBS - View Presentation
- David Ellison, Marketing Services Manager, ISBA (The Voice of British Advertisers) - View presentation
- Nigel Gwilliam, Media and Emerging Technologies Consultant, IPA (Institute of Practitioners in Advertising)
- Tim Faircliff, Chairman, AOP (Association of Online Publishers)
- Steve Chester, Director of Data & Programmes, IAB UK - View presentation
- Guy Phillipson, CEO, IAB UK
- Christian Armond, General Manager of Digital Marketing, TUI - View presentation
- Michael Dodge, Detective Inspector & Oliver Walsh, Operations, Police Intellectual Property Crime Unit (PIPCU)
ABC issues new industry report for online ad viewability
Six products certified to updated JICWEBS Standards
ABC has issued its second industry report which compares test results for online ad viewability measurement products. The report summarises the capability of six products to measure viewability, simply and equally, delivering trust and transparency to a complex area.
There are various products in the market that count viewable impressions. Last November, following confusion over differences in results, the Joint Industry Committee for Web Standards (JICWEBS) asked ABC to deliver its first impartial and independent report on what viewability products do. This new report features products from comScore, DMA Institute, DoubleVerify, Integral Ad Science, Meetrics and Moat. All have been tested by ABC for their compliance withJICWEBS Viewability Principles. Updated in July 2015, the JICWEBS industry-agreed principles set minimum benchmarks for product functionality and require that a product can support any viewability metric definition, based on time and percentage in view. This enables the industry to trade using viewable ad impressions on a campaign by campaign basis.
ABC certification is specifically designed to ensure that all products are being tested on a like-for-like basis. This report incorporates newly developed checks and disclosures to demonstrate how each product performs in different behaviour scenarios. As the products work in different ways, it is important to understand how they are configured to get the most out of each one. The ABC report shows that when configured correctly, all six products tested are capable of counting viewable impressions in a number of scenarios, in accordance with the JICWEBS Principles.
Alongside the report, ABC has developed a new, easy-to-use interactive table which is available on its website. Advertisers, agencies and marketers can use this free resource to better understand viewability products, compare their capabilities and make more informed purchasing decisions.
Please visit www.abc.org.uk/viewability to view the report and access the interactive table.
Jerry Wright, Chief Executive, ABC, said:
"The industry benefits from an array of products which claim to measure viewability. This can lead to confusion due to the variation in what each product offers. In order to make an informed purchase decision, brands need to know if these products will do what they say they will. By vetting these products to industry-agreed principles, ABC is providing clarity and trust for the benefit of both brands and media agencies."
Bob Wootton, Director of Media and Advertising, ISBA, comments:
"Viewability will remain a key issue for brands if they are to continue to increase their spending on online advertising. As long as advertising depends on reaching human viewers, success pivots on the ability of an audience to see ads, but there is still confusion over the measurement of this area. ABC's Viewability Report offers transparency and clarity in what is a very technically complex area and we welcome any advance in understanding in what viewability measurement products are actually delivering."
Rob Norman Global Chief Digital Officer, GroupM, comments:
"Clearly, the viewability debate is a key element of our call for transparency in digital ad trading. Dealing with discrepancies in the numbers is necessary now, and media buyers and our partners need to have a clear understanding of the differences in the capabilities of these viewability products. We support the JICWEBS principles and applaud the work done by ABC in delivering increased transparency."
- End -
Technical notes to editors
Built on JICWEBS standards and complementary to the MRC/IAB requirements and recommendations, ABC testing incorporates four elements into the Certification process. The four elements are:
1. Reporting on percentage of area viewable and time
2. Reporting viewable impressions, including special cases
3. Disclosure of what is measured
4. Measurement and asset render requirements.
Effectively, the elements require the products to take time measurements every 100 milliseconds and the ability to measure both standard and larger formats (i.e. IAB rising star formats) for at least 50% or 30% in-view (respectively) for at least one continuous second.
About ABC
ABC's stamp of trust underpins the way billions of pounds worth of advertising are traded across the converging media landscape in the UK and beyond.
ABC has two key roles:
1. To bring the industry together to agree standards that define media measurement and determine industry-agreed best practice.
2. To offer independent audit and compliance services, delivering certification which verifies that data and processes meet the industry-agreed Standards.
ABC is governed by the industry, for the industry. ABC's board consists of advertisers, media agencies, media owners and trade bodies. They represent the differing interests of the media industry and meet regularly to agree new standards and make strategic decisions as to how ABC is run. With Board consensus, ABC has the ability to provide certification for any platform. As advertising platforms develop, ABC continually innovates and evolves to ensure its portfolio of products and services delivers to the media industry's needs.
ABC UK was established in 1931 and is a founder member of the International Federation of ABC (IFABC). Richard Foan, Group Executive Director of Communication & Innovation, ABC UK, also chairs JICWEBS.org and the IFABC Web Standards Group, which works to deliver standards and establish good practice across the world.
About JICWEBS
JICWEBS is the Joint Industry Committee for Web Standards. Established in 1999, this industry‐owned organisation meets 4 times a year to ensure independent development and ownership of standards for underpinning online ad trading. This provides credibility, comparability and transparency, which is particularly important for advertisers who then have a universally recognised set of principles to work with. ABC audits digital media and systems to these industry‐agreed standards and verifies that the principles have been applied.
Representatives on JICWEBS encompass all areas of the digital industry including advertisers, agencies, media owners and technology providers from the following trade bodies: IPA, IPA digital, ISBA, AOP, IAB, and NMA.
Many of the JICWEBS standard definitions have been adopted by IFABC (International Federation of Audit Bureaux of Circulations, www.ifabc.org) members. The IFABC World Wide Web Standards Group reviews these global metrics every year to make sure they remain relevant to the people spending money on online advertising.
For more information please visit www.jicwebs.org
Latest Viewability Update
The next ABC Viewability report, based on our updated Viewability Product Principles (version 2) announced on 25th June, will be released in the coming weeks.
A number of vendors are currently working towards certification against these new Principles, with the intention of including their results in this report.
Viewability remains an important subject for our industry, in particular for advertising agencies and their clients.
JICWEBS looks forward to ABC publishing this report and thanks all parties for working hard to support such an important initiative for our industry.
JICWEBS update online ad viewability initiative
JICWEBS update online ad viewability initiative
25 June 2015
The UK's Joint Industry Committee for Web Standards (JICWEBS) – the independent body that defines best practice and standards for online ad trading – is updating its recommended guidelines for products that aim to measure the viewability of online ads.
The "Principles for Viewability Products" guidelines, initially produced in January 2014 to help advertisers and their agencies assess which companies to use to measure online ad viewability, is being replaced by an updated version, reflecting how the viewability issue has changed over the last 18 months.
"It's important the industry doesn't stand still when it comes to tackling the big issues affecting online advertising," said JICWEBS' Chairman Richard Foan. "This update builds on the good work implemented last year around ad viewability and is a further step in the right direction around bringing greater transparency and trust to digital advertising."
The updated principles take into account learnings from the MRC and IAB in the U.S. as well as participants in the UK-focused cross-industry group that fed into JICWEBS. Key changes include greater transparency around methods to further reduce discrepancies between suppliers.
It is anticipatedJICWEBS will award the first seals to companies confirmingtheir products meet these updated industry-agreed standards, in the second half of 2015.
Pete Robins, co-founder, agenda21, and Chairman of the IPA Digital Media Group: "It's good to see the industry keeping pace with the rapid developments in the online advertising ecosystem. Trust and transparency are crucial factors in who agencies choose to partner with, so we strongly encourage all viewability vendors to seek JICWEBS verification."
Steve Chester, Director of Data & Industry Programmes, IAB UK:"Buyers, sellers and those involved in the trading of digital display now have updated information and transparency about how viewability products measure if an ad has been seen. The companies who've agreed to further auditing by ABC to prove they have applied the updated JICWEBS principles will form part of the next update on this important area for digital ad trading."
Viewability Product Principles


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Bray, Lucy, Snodin, Jill and Carter, Bernie (2014) Holding and restraining children for clinical procedures within an acute care setting: an ethical consideration of the evidence. Nursing Inquiry, 22 (2). pp. 157-167. ISSN 13207881
This is the latest version of this item.
PDF (Author Accepted Manuscript)
- Accepted Version
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nin.12074
This critical reflection on the ethical concerns of current practice is underpinned by a systematic synthesis of current evidence focusing on why and how children are held or restrained for clinical procedures within acute care and the experiences of those present when a child is held against their wishes. Empirical evidence from a range of clinical settings internationally demonstrates that frequently children are held for procedures to be completed; younger children and those requiring procedures perceived as urgent are more likely to be held. Parents and health professionals express how holding children for procedures can cause feelings of moral distress expressed as uncertainty, guilt and upset and that this act breaches the trusting and protective relationship established with children. Despite this, children's rights and alternatives to holding are not always respected or explored. Children's experiences and perceptions are absent from current literature.
Children and young people have a moral right to have their voice and protests heard and respected and for these to inform judgements of their best interests and the actions of health professionals. Without robust evidence, debate and recognition that children are frequently held against their wishes in clinical practice for procedures which may not be urgent, children's rights will continue to be compromised.
Available Versions of this Item
Holding and restraining children for clinical procedures within an acute care setting: an ethical consideration of the evidence. (deposited 25 Nov 2015 10:47)
- Holding and restraining children for clinical procedures within an acute care setting: an ethical consideration of the evidence. (deposited 26 Nov 2015 14:58) [Currently Displayed]
|Item Type:
|Additional Information:
|This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Bray L, Snodin J and Carter B. Nursing Inquiry 2015; 22: 157–167, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nin.12074. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."
|Author's ORCiD ID:
|Carter, Bernie 0000-0001-5226-9878
|B - Subjects allied to medicine > B730 - Children's nursing
|Faculty of Health and Wellbeing > School of Nursing
|ID Code:
|Deposited By:
|Carole Bruce
|Deposited On:
|26 Nov 2015 14:58
|Last Modified:
|01 Jun 2017 23:36
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text:
Blouse Flyer
79.95€ 59.99€ VAT included
- softly flowing viscose
- subtle all-over embroidery
- adjustable drawstring in the hem
Color : Navy
This product is currently not available.
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Comfortable to wear, loose-fitting blouse made of soft, flowing viscose with subtle all-over embroidery and adjustable drawstring in the hem. Perfect for maritime yacht club looks in the winter.