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Tony Gentile
- EU Extends Border Assistance Mission in Libya Until Late 2018Sputnik (EN)
- 'Horrible Mess': What's Next for May, Resignation or New Election?Sputnik (EN)
- May's Key Advisers Resign After Tories Lost Parliamentary MajoritySputnik (EN)
- Russia, UK Have High Unused Potential in Counterterrorism Cooperation - MoscowSputnik (EN)
- Russian Foreign Ministry Reveals Daesh's Attempts to 'Invest in Western Europe'Sputnik (EN)
- UK Conservatives Set to Lose Seats in General Election - PollSputnik (EN)
- Russia, West Should Be United by Common Threats - PutinSputnik (EN)
- MEPs Slam EU Commission for 'Capitulation Over Deficiencies' in the EuroSputnik (EN)
- Ominous Indicators: The Key Signs Brexit Is Already Damaging the UK EconomySputnik (EN)
- Theresa May's Week of Dismay Continues as UK GDP Puts It Last in G7 for GrowthSputnik (EN)Chantepeule , Italy , Canada
- G7 Summit Losing Relevance After Sidelining Russia, ChinaSputnik (EN)
- G7 Summit in Italy Lacked Harmony, Trump Partly to Blame - Ex-Italian PMSputnik (EN)United Kingdom , United States , Japan , Germany , France
- G7 Summit Proves Russia's Return to Group 'Not Entirely Needed'Sputnik (EN)
- G7 States Urge Russia, Iran to Influence Damascus to Ensure Syrian CeasefireSputnik (EN)
- G7 Members Say Willing to Cooperate With Russia on Regional CrisesSputnik (EN)
- Putin, Rouhani Stress Importance of Enhancing Efforts to Resolve Syrian ConflictSputnik (EN)Astana , The Settlement , Russia , Iran , Syria
- Theresa May: G7 Leaders Want Iran, Russia to Facilitate Syrian SettlementSputnik (EN)
- US Service Member Dies of Injuries in Northern Syria - CENTCOMSputnik (EN)
- How G7's 2017 Agenda Differs From Past SummitsSputnik (EN)
- Macron on Collision Course With Germany Over Eurozone ReformsSputnik (EN)
Frequent names
Newstral's extraction of names of people and organisations from the world's news is completely automated. If you do not want your name to appear here, please contact us. We will be happy to look at your request.

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130 Nottingham Drive
Chapel Hill, NORTH CAROLINA 27517
Price: $1,950,000
6 Bedrooms, 8 Total Baths
8605 SqFt
Listing # 2099727
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Acres: 1.52
Area: 104 - Durham County/Chapel Hill
City Name: Chapel Hill
County: Durham
Schools: Durham - Creekside, Durham - Githens, Durham - Jordan
State: NORTH CAROLINA
Sub Area: 104 - Durham County/Chapel Hill
Subdivision: The Oaks
Property Type: RESIDENTIAL
Postal Code: 27517
Total Baths: 8
Bedrooms: 6
Partial Baths:
SqFt: 8605
Additional Features:
Air Conditioning: 3 Zone
Attached Description: Single Family
Basement: No
Bath Features: Garden Tub, Tub/ Sep Shower
Bedroom 2 Dimensions: 24x15
Bedroom 2 Floor: Second
Bedroom 3 Dimensions: 24x14
Bedroom 3 Floor: Second
Bedroom 4 Dimensions: 21x16
Bedroom 4 Floor: Second
Bedroom 5 Dimensions: 18x12
Bedroom 5 Floor: Second
Bedrooms 1st Floor: Yes
Bonus Room Dimensions: 33x15
Bonus Room Floor: Second
Breakfast Room Dimensions: 15x11
Breakfast Room Floor: Main
Design: 2.5 Story
Dining: Breakfast Room, Separate Dining Room
Dining Room Dimensions: 18x16
Dining Room Floor: Main
Elementary School 1: Durham - Creekside, Durham - Githens, Durham - Jordan
Entrance Hall Dimensions: 23x18
Entrance Hall Floor: Main
Exterior Finish: Stone Ext
Family Room Dimensions: 27x18
Family Room Floor: Main
Fireplace: 4+
Flooring: Carpet, Ceramic, Hardwood
Fuel Heat: Natural Gas
Full Baths: 6
Garage: 3
Garage Dimensions: 36x22
Garage Floor: Main
Half Baths: 2
Heating: 3 Zone
High School 1: Durham - Jordan
HO Fees Include: Area Lights, HO Association, Maint Com. Area
HUD Compliant Sr. Housing: No
Inside City: Yes
Kitchen Dimensions: 18x17
Kitchen Floor: Main
Living Area Above Grade: 8605
Living Room Dimensions: 23x14
Living Room Floor: Main
Lot Description: Golf Course, Landscaped
Lot Dimensions: see survey
Lot Number: 2&3
Living Area/Other Room 1 Description: Bd6/Studio
Living Area/Other Room 1 Dimensions: 18x13
Living Area/Other Room 1 Level: Main
Living Area/Other Room 3 Description: Billiard
Living Area/Other Room 3 Dimensions: 16x15
Living Area/Other Room 3 Level: Second
Master Bedroom 1st Floor: Yes
Master Bedroom Dimensions: 26x15
Master Bedroom Floor: Main
Middle School 1: Durham - Githens
New Construction: No
Number of Rooms: 17
Other Area/Room 2 Description: Sunroom
Other Area/Room 2 Dimensions: 16x11
Other Area/Room 2 Level: Main
Other Rooms: 1st Floor Bedroom, 1st Floor Master Bedroom, Bonus Room/Finish, Family Room, Fitness Room, Separate Living room, Study, Sun Room, Utility Room
Parking: Garage
Patio Dimensions: 51x10
Patio Floor: Main
Pool: Hot Tub, In Ground Pool
Porch Dimensions: 26x12
Porch Floor: Main
Status: ACTIVE
Roof: Wood Shakes
Screened Porch Dimensions: 17x11
Screened Porch Floor: Main
Property Type: Detached
Status Category: Active
Storage Dimensions: 16x12
Storage Floor: Third
Style: French Province, Traditional, Transitional
Utility Room Dimensions: 11x11
Utility Room Floor: Main
Washer Dryer Location: 1st Floor, 2nd Floor, Laundry Room
Water Heater: Gas
Water/Sewer: City Sewer, City Water
Year Built: 1998
Data services provided by IDX Broker
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Serrano, Katharina Anna and Stefanova, Milena (2011) Between international law, kastom and sustainable development: Cultural heritage in Vanuatu. In: Island Futures Conservation and Development Across the Asia-Pacific Region. Global Environmental Studies . Springer Verlag, Japan, pp. 19-36. ISBN 978-4-431-53988-9
Full text not available from this repository.
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53989-6_3
Developing island states often struggle to identify and manage natural resources in settings characterized by 'legal pluralism'. The existence of multiple rule systems with competing claims to legitimacy is a hallmark of Vanuatu's institutional landscape. The resilience of local systems, the limited reach of central institutions and the rhetorical support of state actors for kastom nevertheless present an opportunity to think creatively about governance in Vanuatu and to develop innovative tools and methods to manage the impact of development in a way that is beneficial for local communities. On the basis of a case study of Vanuatu's Chief Roi Mata's Domain an – official UNESCO world heritage site since 2008 – the article explores options for the utilization of international and regional agreements in the sustainable development and preservation of heritage sites. The aim of the article is to contribute to the understanding of the impact such agreements have on the protection of Vanuatu's cultural heritage, bearing in mind challenges that a small island country like Vanuatu may experience in the attempt to utilize international and regional conventions for the protection of cultural heritage. The ultimate question, however, is how indigenous culture can be protected and simultaneously sustainably accessed as a 'development resource'.
|Item Type:
|Book Section
|Faculty of Business, Law & Applied Social Studies > Lancashire Law School
|ID Code:
|Deposited By:
|Richard D Taylor
|Deposited On:
|21 Mar 2013 11:59
|Last Modified:
|17 May 2016 12:39
Repository Staff Only: item control page


text:
July 19, 2014 Total Views: 6076 Today: 1 ★★★★
Hotel Apartments Adriatic Deluxe Dubrovnik, Situated along Gruz Harbour, Apartments Adriatic Deluxe offers self-catering accommodation with air conditioning and modern decor. Free WiFi access is available in each apartment. The studios and apartments all come with a well-equipped kitchenette and a dining table. They also include a seating area and satellite TV. Some feature a private terrace and sea views. The apartments have a private elevator and are located on the top floor of the building. Guests can relax in the property's solarium or enjoy the massage services. A beauty shop can also be found on site. Apartments Adriatic Deluxe is 15 minutes' walk from Onofrio's Fountain and 8 minutes' drive from Dubrovnik's UNESCO-protected Old Town. Dubrovnik Airport is a 25-minute drive away. (Hotel Apartments Adriatic Deluxe Dubrovnik hotels booking).


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Kate Moss: Brits lose fashion sense in summer
Supermodel Kate Moss says that British people lose their style when the sun comes out.
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Supermodel Kate Moss says that British people lose their style when the sun comes out.
The party loving model loves nothing more than cooking for her husband and daughter
The Oscar winner says her look went out of fashion when skinny models like Kate Moss became popular
The Bajan singer has asked the British model to party together this summer
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Penicillin. Help Others – Help Yourself. Facts & Fables
"By now you may have heard this partly fairy tale but it is worth to repeat it. Not word for word, but in the sense I want you to listen and understand. It sounds unbelievable."
One day a poor Scottish farmer with the name Hugh Fleming heard a cry of someone for help. It turned out that a boy (born 30 November 1874) was up to his waist in black mud, incapable to help himself out and destined to a slow death. The farmer, who followed the voice, helped the boy out of his dangerous situation.
The next day a carriage from an obvious rich person stopped at his home and a so called nobleman stepped out. He was the father of the boy the farmer Fleming has saved.
This nobleman wanted to pay the farmer for his help but Fleming refused. For him helping other peoples was naturally and did not required any kind of payment.
While those two adults talked, the son of the farmer (born 6 August 1881) appeared from he house. He was seven years older than the boy his father has saved.
The nobleman recognized this and he changed his strategy. Instead of offering money, he offered education. He said, the boy of Fleming will get the same education like his son as he believes that the son of the farmer Fleming will undoubtful develop to the same kind of person as his farther was.
The farmer Fleming agreed. It was an offer of a lifetime. What else he could offer to his son?
Actually, according to the biography, Penicillin Man, the story above is a fable and false. But think about it…it could have happened.
In any case, Alec Fleming, his sun, attended the Loudoun Moor School, the Darvel School, and earned a two-year scholarship to Kilmarnock Academy before moving to London where he attended the Royal Polytechnic Institution and later the Mary's Hospital Medical School in London. He became Sir Alexander Fleming, the discoverer of Penicillin in 1928! That brought him a shared Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945.
The aristocratic man's son developed years later pneumonia – and what helped him? The Penicillin from Sir Alexander Fleming. But this statement is a fable, too. Churchill was saved by Lord Moran, using sulfonamides, since he had no experience with penicillin at this time. But without doubt, penicillin help millions throughout the world since then.
The nobleman talked earlier was Lord Randolph Churchill and his son became Sir Winston Churchill, the British prime minister of the UK who served two terms. One term during the Second World War 1940-45 and a second term after it in 1951-55. Perhaps not so known, he got also the Nobel Prize in Literature.
The story may be a fairy tale to some degree and not exactly after the facts but helping others can make circles you never thought about. We should do so without thinking to much about possible benefits for ourselves.
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jul 15, 1986
|Filing date
|Jul 25, 1984
|Priority date
|Jul 25, 1984
|Fee status
|Publication number
|W. Dale Phillips
|Original Assignee
|Phillips W Dale
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (19), Classifications (8), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to the skeletal frame work construction art and/or automotive art.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a bracket/kit for securely connecting and holding standard size linear members in mutual spatial array and support to define, independently, or in cooperation with other structures, an enclosure, rack or the like.
Significantly, and uniquely, the present invention is seen to reside in the combination of a novel bracket/kit, standard size tubing and a pick-up truck inclusive of a rear load carrying deck featuring a generally rectangular horizontal platform and, optionally, upstanding rear wall, either permanently mounted, or pivotably, all as well understood in the art.
The latter pick-up trucks are available in a variety of sizes, configurations and combinations by a number of automotive manufacturers, here in the United States and abroad.
Generally, the cargo carrying capacity of the available pick-up trucks or the like, are limited by the size of the deck and the extent of the vertical upstanding side walls. Panel trucks and vans featuring higher walls and a roof, provide protection and a somewhat enlarged capacity in some respects, (the roof also limits the capacity), but at considerable expenditure. Prefabricated side wall/roof combinations, known in the market as "caps" are also available, but are quite expensive, and, additionally, limit the capacity due to the inclusion of a roof.
I am aware that the art has suggested a variety of skeletal, net work, frame work, or erector set like arrangements for cooperative assemblement with open deck, pick-up trucks. These prior art devices; however, are deficient in a variety of respects. Some are too cumbersome, some are impractical and some are expensive- Others embody a combination of these negative and undesirable features or deficiencies, including lack of standardization and complexity. Illustrative of art suggested carrier racks, possessing one or more of the foregoing deficiencies include U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,405,170; 4,057,281; 3,765,713; 4,423,899; 2,947,566; and 4,211,448.
With the foregoing introduction, it may be stated, as a general object of the present invention, to provide a technique, system, kit or novel assembly, which addresses the deficiencies of the known devices and serves to provide a low cost, simplified and effective skeletal frame work arrangement or rack enclosure.
It is a particular object of the present invention to provide such an arrangement which utilizes conventional and available linear elements available at relatively low cost due to standardization.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kit in the form of a simplified, yet extremely strong reinforcing bracket designed to fit standard-sized, available tubing, itself of considerable strength.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a multiple piece bracket in which each piece is capable of being produced as a stamping and thus lending further cost savings and/or economy to the ultimate user or consumer.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide brackets which embody a design and configuration which enables mutual assemblement, together with securement to the linear standardized tubing lengths, thereby increasing the simplicity and quickness of set up time in arriving at a completion of the carrier rack cargo enlarging arrangement of the present invention.
The foregoing, and, as well, other objects of the present invention, will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the annexed sheets of drawings, in which there is presented, for purposes of illustration only, a singled embodiment of the present invention, as currently envisioned.
FIG. 1 is a three-quarter perspective, partially schematic view of a panel truck having in assemblement therewith, a skeletal frame work or carrier rack and bracket in keeping with the broad scope of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a three-quarter perspective, partially schematic view of a principal feature of the present invention consisting of a specially designed bracket assembly receptive of lengths of standard tubing and in part illustrating the universality of the bracket and the strength reinforcement features.
FIG. 3 is a three-quarter perspective view of the bracket assembly but with individual compenents in exploded spaced apart relationship to better reveal the constructional detail.
FIG. 4 is a three-quarter perspective view of a pick-up truck with the bed and side wall bearing ancillary mounting accessories, or components, for use in erecting and supporting the carrier rack in accordance with a variant embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a three quarter perspective view like FIG. 3 but illustrating a variant construction of a bracket sub assembly.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6--6 of FIG. 5.
Viewed most simply; the present invention contemplates an arrangement for modifying and thereby increasing the capacity of a standard pick up truck featuring a rear deck and, optionally, upstanding partial side walls located along the margins of the rear deck portion of the pick-up truck; the arrangement featuring principally, a bracket construction designed for cooperative assemblement and securement with standard size tubing of generally rectangular, cross-sectional configuration. The invention is additionally viewed as comprising a kit composed of assembleable parts or components, a set of simplified instructions and complementary skectches illustrating the assembling and use of the parts in erecting a standardized structure, utilizing readily available, off the shelf tubing and thereby yieldative of a integrated, frame work definitive in aggregate array, of an enclosure which supplements cargo carrying capability of a standard pick up truck.
Referring now more specifically to the drawings, there is shown in FIG. 1, a pick up truck 11, featuring, as do most, a roofed and windowed driver and passenger cab 12, a forward hood covering an engine (not shown), a rear cargo carrying space defined by a flat horizontal deck 14 with parallel, upstanding, marginal side walls 15 and a drop rear panel 16 for access. Additionally, the truck features wheels 16, only two being shown and a net work of tubing generally designated by the reference numeral 20 but held together by four brackets 30 located at the corners of the deck 14 and secured to four upstanding lengths of standardized 2"�1"�1/8" wall (thick) cold rolled tubing.
Details of this principal feature of the present invention; to wit: the bracket 30, can be seen by reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. In FIG. 2, the components are in assemblement adapted to receive the standardized tubing as illustrated and indicated by the arrows. In FIG. 3, the bracket, is shown composed of its individual pieces, identified respectively by the reference numerals 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35 in spaced apart relationship. These pieces are formed of sheet metal, generally of a thickness which permits the illustrated shapes to be formed by a combination of cutting, punching or stamping and bending to yield the configurations as illustrated.
Starting with the flat sheet metal, the pieces 31 are generally formed thereof first by cutting and bending and, at the same time, punching the holes. The piece is then stamped in an appropriate die to form the somewhat complicated configuration as shown.
In the case of bracket piece 31, a principal planer wall 31a is integrally connected to a minor rectangular flange 31b, normal to wall 31a and, separated by notch 31c, a major flange 31d, sometimes referred to as a web, also normal to wall 31a and bearing the spaced apertures as shown. Piece 31 also includes, as a result of a stamping operation, two similar offsets 31e and 31f which simultaneously define aligned vertical surfaces 31g and parallel spaced apart horizontal surfaces 31h. The two offsets include flat triangular web surfaces 31i and 31j.
Bracket piece 32 includes a principal planar wall 32a and a connected perpendicular flange 32b separated by notch 32c from an identical perpendicular flange 32d. Bracket piece 32 also includes, as a result of the stamping operation, two offsets 32e and 32f and like piece 31, aligned vertical surfaces 32g and horizontal surfaces 32h. The two offsets 32e and 32f include flat triangular web segments 32i and 32j which are congruent to web segments 31i and 31j.
Bracket piece 33 consists of a flat planar odd shaped segment 33a containing apertures and a connected perpendicular flange 33b.
Bracket piece 34 is essentially "U" shaped and features apertured side walls 34a and 34b joined by elongate parallel connector 34c.
Bracket piece 35 is a rectangular spacer or filler (with matching holes), when the pieces 31, 32, 33 and 34 are brought into assemblement to yield the arrangement of the pieces as shown in FIG. 2.
As can be seen, when the pieces 32 and 31 are brought together in the manner indicated by the arrows (Fig. 2), the flanges 31b and 32b assume flush relationship. At the same time, the notches 31c and 32c assume registration, while lower flange 32d of piece 32 is flush with a portion of major flange 31d; which otherwise extends outwardly. At the same time, the offsets 31e and 32e are brought together with the triangular web surfaces 31i and 31j in flush abutment with the triangular web surfaces 32i and 32j. Simultaneously, wall surface 31g assumes side by side relationship with wall surface 32g and similarily wall surface 31h assumes side by side relationship with wall surface 32h. As thus held together, in the manner described, there is defined a rectangular channel passageway adapted to receive a length of 1"�2" tubing 20. Also defined is a rectangular horizontal channel extending through the registered cutouts 31c and 32c to the flange regions 31h and 32h for receiving tubing 20a at the left of FIG. 2 and thence beyond the bracket in the manner shown in FIG. 1 to join cross member 20c.
Returning to the bracket 30, as shown in FIG. 3, the arrows serve to illustrate the manner of bringing, flushly together, the "U" shaped piece 34 with wall 34b flush against wall 33a with holes aligned. Similarily, the spacer plate 35 is flushly abuted against wall 34a of the "U" shaped member 34 and thence the flanged wall piece 33 moved to the left against wall 32a of bracket piece 32 to cause the major flange 31d of piece 31 to assume flush relationship with spacer 35 and with all holes, in bracket piece 33, "U" shaped member 34, spacer plate 35 and major flange 31d, of bracket piece 31, in alignment to yield the assembled configuration or appearance as shown in FIG. 2. The "U" shaped piece 34 is thusly supported by the major flange 31d and the wall 33a so that the upper channel opening of the piece 34 can receive the end of another length of tubing identified as 20d in FIG. 2 from which it may extend transversely to a similar bracket 40 (see FIG. 1) which is identical to that of FIG. 3 but of reverse hand constructional detail as would be well understood in the art or by those understanding the sheet metal or stamping art. In other words, if the bracket 30 is considered of "left hand" construction; the bracket 40 would be designed of "right hand" contructional detail.
The holes shown in the drawing, although not numbered, serve to connect the rectangular tubing to the bracket pieces generally in the manner illustrated in order to provide a strong unified frame work of great strength. Reference numeral 50 identifies a plastic cap which telescopes onto the top end of the bracket 30 to prevent rain from accumulating in the channel or to enter the interior of the tubing projecting upwardly from below (Fig. The cap 50 can be removed and a length of tubing inserted if it is desired to erect another net work of horizontal tubing located one or more feet upwardly from the present bracket by using another set of four brackets.
It may be here indicated that the brackets at the rear corners of the pick up truck are similarily constructed to that as described in FIGS. 2 and 3 excepting that the notch 31c and 32c are not needed since the tubing does not project beyond the rear of the cargo carrying bed or another words, beyond the drop panel 16.
From the foregoing detailed description of the constructional details of the die-stamped metal pieces 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35 or components 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35 of the bracket assembly in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3; several very important and novel relationships are established. Thus looking at components 31 and 32, in isolated fashion, in both FIGS. 2 and 3; it can be seen that the flanges 31b and 32b, together with flange 31d and 32d, in combination with wall surfaces 31g and 32g and flat surfaces 31a and 32a define a vertical passageway or channel measuring about 2" by 1". Additionally, the flush abutment of triangular web surfaces 31i and 32i and, at the same time, triangular web surface 31j and 32j, bring the horizontal walls 31h and 32h into abutment, to define a horizontal lateral channel which, if desired, can extend all the way through the notch region 31c and 32c in the parts 31 and 32 respectively. Thus, the tubing, as shown in FIG. 2, could project upwardly and vertically all the way through the bracket and beyond that region occupied by the cap 50, if desired. In such case, the channel at the right, defined by wall 32h and, for purposes of this description, given a reference letter "X" in FIG. 2, would be adapted to receive the end portion of an additional length of 2"�1" tubing. At the same time, the combination achieved by the pieces 33, 34 and 35, to create the channel, identified in FIG. 2, for purposes of this description, by the reference numeral "Y", could receive an additional transverse length of appropriate sized tubing.
Reference may now be had to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 for disclosure of a variant construction of a portion of the bracket 30 of the present invention. In this variant embodiment, parts 33, 34 and 35 are eliminated in favor of parts 43 and 44. Part 43 is much like part 33 except for the inclusion of an additional perpendicular flange 43c generally congruent to the flange 43a. Flange 43a is identical to flange 33a. Additionally, the base portion 43b is like the base or center portion 33b except the top portion is eliminated as clearly shown. The flange 43a features spaced apertures 46 and 47 in axial alignment with the apertures 44 and 45. The "U" shaped piece 44 is like "U" shaped piece 34 excepting that the individual apertures (unnumbered in FIG. 3), are located in punched dimple portions 44a (by a punching operation). The dimple portions 44a, function somewhat like washers and fill the space in substitution of the spacer or filler plate 35.
In this fashion, the apertures in base 43b will align with holes in bracket piece 32.
The foregoing description represents a disclosure of the universality of the bracket of the present invention.
In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the bracket is employed such that the lateral tubing 20a extends through the notches and the channel "X" and beyond to the cross piece 20c of tubing utilizing a corner connector whose details need no detailed disclosure other than suggesting that it could be in the form of a telescopic piece or any other form of a connector to join the ends together and form the corner. In this embodiment, additionally, the vertical segment of tubing extends up the bottom of the channel defined by pieces 31 and 32 and the end comes to rest on the bottom surface of horizontal tube 20a. In this embodiment, the plastic cap 50 is used. Also the pieces 33, 34 and 35 are employed to form the web-reinforced channel upon which rests the lateral tubing 20d. The tubing extending through the notches, as above described, extends rearwardly to another bracket at the rear of the truck and being essentially identical to the bracket of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 excepting for elimination of the cut outs 31c and 32c as earlier referred to.
In the practice of the present invention, the securement of the 2"�1" cold rolled tubing to the truck, may be accomplished using several accessory members such as the shoe bracket 60 and the guide support 70 as shown in FIG. 4. The shoe bracket 60 is composed simply of a flat, horizontal plate 61 bolted to the deck 14, but including an upstanding stud 62 which is integral with the base plate 61 and telescopically projects into the bottom or terminal end of the vertical tubing, shown in dotted outline and identified by the reference numeral 20f. The tubing is bolted as at 63 to shoe bracket 60. The guide support 70 is composed of a bent and cut metal piece to yield a segment 71 which is bolted to the vertical side rail 18 of the pick-up truck 11 and includes an integral horizontal portion 72 which is cut at 73 to provide an opening for the tubing 20f to extend upwardly. The cut out or tab portion 74 is bolted to the side rail via bolt 75.
It is, of course, observed that some pick-up trucks are supplied with a cavity or recess, such as that identified by the reference numeral 18, in FIG. 4, and which is either already 2"�1" in dimension, or can be readily adapted with spacer plates to define the desired 2"�1" dimension for receiving cold rolled tubing of 2"�1" rectangular configuration. In either case, the tubing is appropriately and suitably anchored to the truck in the same spirit of rigidity as is embraced by the novel brackets of the present invention.
Returning again to FIGS. 2 and 3, it is important to note, that in addition to the channels, the die-stamping operation, in accordance with the design of the parts, makes provision for the reinforcing web pairs 31i and 31j to come into surface abutment, and, in combination, lend tremendous rigidity to the net work or frame of tubing in accordance with preferred aspects of the present invention.
Note also the novel provision for the major flange 31d which not only abuts the flange 32d but extends beyond, in assembled configuration, as shown in FIG. 2, to serve in conjunction with flange 33a of piece 33 to serve as anchor connectors for the "U" shaped channel piece 34 which serves to add a third dimension to the bracket in serving as a seat for an end of a length of tubing identified as 20d in FIG. 2.
Looking now at FIG. 2, the universal utility of the bracket is illustrated and seen as being five dimensional, vertically up, vertically down, laterally forward, laterally rearwardly and transversely, in the case of tubing identified as 20d. This universality and the reinforced channels, all producable with flat metal pieces by a die-stamping operation, as opposed to casting, lends tremendous strength at reduced cost and thereby constitutes a significant contribution to the art of the bracket design of the present invention.
In the figures, particularly FIGS. 2 and 3, a number of holes are shown to illustrate that they may be used in conventional fashion with appropriate elongate nut and bolt combinations to secure the bracket and the tubing together.
Generally, the off-the-shelf tubing is purchased without holes drilled in it and it is in the combining of appropriate cut lengths of tubing, with the brackets, that the holes are drilled, using the punched holes in the assembled brackets as guides to determine the proper location of the holes in the terminal ends of the tubing as would therefore be in registry with the holes in the appropriate pieces of the bracket.
In accordance with a general embodiment of the present invention, the brackets are seen as parts of a kit which would be purchasable or obtainable from a suitable retail outlet together with suitable instructions, based upon the disclosure of the present Application or specifications and suitable sketches or drawings, based upon the drawings, accompanying the present Application.
The kit, made up of bracket pieces, instructions, and drawings, may or may not include appropirate nuts and bolts. In accordance with one embodiment; the kit would be composed of four bracket sets of five pieces each; all of which would be pre-stamped, bent, cut and provided with suitable holes as shown in the drawings. The kit would also desirably include pre-formed, bent, punched and cut side guide members 70 and shoe brackets 60, so that one purchasing the kit would be able to erect the rack whether or not the pick-up truck involved was provided with built-in cavities 18 in the side rail of the particular pick-up truck.
Modification and substitutions may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and/or scope of the present invention. All such modification, equivalents, substitutions, and/or minor departures from the explicit description hereinabove, are intended to be considered as included within such spirit and/or scope of the present invention, unless to do so would violate the language of the appended claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 7, 1954
|Jun 17, 1958
|Globe Company
|Pipe connectors
|Jun 20, 1956
|May 26, 1959
|Radiant Mfg Corp
|Portable cinemascope screen assembly
|Jul 10, 1981
|Jan 3, 1984
|Langmead David L
|System for extending the capacity of a pick-up truck and the like
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 9, 1986
|Jun 30, 1987
|Delmous Lewis
|Truck rack
|Jun 2, 1987
|Jul 12, 1988
|Baker Charles F
|Support device for a work tool
|May 22, 1987
|Sep 12, 1989
|Uni Corp.
|Structural framework system and clamp assembly
|May 14, 1990
|Apr 9, 1991
|Vix Design Products, Inc.
|Rack for body of pickup truck
|Jan 16, 1990
|Apr 23, 1991
|Hall David E
|Load bearing cover and rack for a pick-up truck
|Dec 8, 1993
|Dec 19, 1995
|Berkich; Ron S.
|Cargo securing system including an adjustable and extensible rack for trucks
|Feb 25, 1998
|Jul 27, 1999
|Overhead truck rack and corner bracket
|Dec 18, 2001
|Aug 19, 2003
|Markets Direct, Inc.
|Storage apparatus for automobiles
|Oct 14, 2003
|Feb 15, 2005
|Norco Industries, Inc.
|Reinforcing bracket for trailer-frame butt joints
|Jan 15, 2010
|Sep 10, 2013
|Douglas H. Morey
|Support framing system for use with bar joists and beams
|Jun 25, 2014
|Feb 14, 2017
|Thule Inc.
|Modular rack system with gussetless joints
|Feb 22, 2002
|Aug 28, 2003
|Norco Industries, Inc.
|Reinforcing bracket for a trailer frame
|Sep 12, 2003
|Apr 1, 2004
|Long Russell S.
|Rear case assembly for trailer body
|Oct 14, 2003
|Apr 22, 2004
|Norco Industries, Inc.
|Reinforcing bracket for trailer-frame butt joints
|Dec 14, 2005
|Jun 22, 2006
|Long Russell S
|Rear case assembly for trailer body
|Jul 10, 2009
|Apr 22, 2010
|Gregory Ralph Brogdon
|Cargo system for cargo area of vehicle
|May 17, 2010
|Nov 18, 2010
|Tracrac, Inc.
|Modular rack system with gussetless joints
|Sep 5, 1995
|Dec 21, 1995
|Irmscher Gmbh
|Tragvorrichtung f�r Kfz-Pritschenaufbauten
|Jan 15, 2010
|Jul 22, 2010
|Morey Douglas H
|Support framing system for use with bar joists and beams
|U.S. Classification
|296/3, 403/171, 403/172
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Feb 13, 1990
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Mar 22, 1990
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Mar 22, 1990
|Surcharge for late payment
|Feb 22, 1994
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jul 17, 1994
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Sep 27, 1994
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19940720


text:
To include more than one recipient, please seperate each email address with a semi-colon ';', up to a maximum of 5 email addresses
Mar 22, 2017
Economy Minister Ildefonso Guajardo tells Mexican iron and steelmakers that "there are more important things than business, like values"
Kevin Gray
border wall
Donald Trump
Mexico's economy minister has urged
local companies not to participate in the construction of a
proposed wall along the US-Mexico border.
Ildefonso Guajardo, speaking at a conference of
Mexican iron and steelmakers in Mexico City, said the
government had no plans to take steps to prohibit companies
from working on the wall but he called on them to "think about
about their [brand's] prestige" in Mexico.
"There are more important things than business,
like values," he said. "Companies should think about how
they'll be viewed in Mexico, where Mexicans
don't want a wall."
Rogelio Zambrano, chairman of Mexico's largest
cement maker, Cemex, made headlines earlier this month when he
said the company would consider providing estimates to supply
cement to companies that participate in the project. Cemex
later decided not participate in the bidding process for
potential suppliers.
Cemex share prices have fared well since Donald
Trump won the US presidential election in November last year,
with investors betting the cement company stands to benefit
from a proposed $1tn infrastructure plan.
Guajardo said Mexican companies were free to make
their own business decisions but he told businessmen in the
audience that "it would be in your own interests not to
participate in the building of the wall."
All comments are subject to editorial review.
All fields are compulsory.
Richard Torres
Apr 5, 2017
Any Participation by Mexican companies would be an insult to the Mexican People. BOYCOT
September 14, 2017 | Shanghai, China
LatinFinance returns to Shanghai for the 8th edition ... more
September 26, 2017 | New York, USA
The sheer size of Latin America's infrastructure needs, coupled ... more
Celebrating the stand-out institutions and transactions of the past year in this important ... more
October 5, 2017 | Playa del Carmen, Mexico
The Infrastructure and Sub-Sovereign Finance in Mexico Summit remains the ... more
November 9, 2017 | Argentina
Argentina's provinces and municipalities are at the frontlines ... more
Where will capital markets be busiest in 2017?
All material is subject to strictly enforced copyright terms & conditions and cannot be repurposed or reproduced. © 2016 Latin American Financial Publications Inc.


text:
8 Results Found
#1129 – 1959 8c World Peace Through World Trade – Plate Block – 4 Postage Stamps
THIS IS A NUMBERED PLATE BLOCK OF 4 STAMPS.....More Info#1129, 1959, Block, Peace, Plate, Postage, Stamps, through, Trade, WorldMore Info$1.40
N 1959 Ford Fairlane Sedan, US Army/Staff Car (2)
The 1959 Ford Fairlane Sedan is carefully scaled and reproduced in finely engraved metal and plastic parts. This ensures each model possesses a true appreciation of the 1959's cla..More Info1959, Army/Staff, Fairlane, Ford, SedanMore Info$16.95
#1113 – 1959 1c Abraham Lincoln U.S. Postage Stamp Plate Block (4)
U. S. #1113 shows Abraham Lincoln without a beard - different from the more common bearded images. Lincoln was the first U. S. President to have a beard. He grew it after being..More Info#1113, 1959, Abraham, Block, Lincoln, Plate, Postage, Stamp, U.S.More Info$0.57
No. 1133 – 1959 4c Soil Conservation U. S. Postage Numbered Plate Block (4 Stamps)
This stamp was issued in Rapid City, South Dakota, in conjunction with the opening of the annual Soil Conservation Society conference. U. S. #1133 highlights the importance of sm..More Info#1133, 1959, Block, Conservation, Numbered, Plate, Postage, Soil, StampsMore Info$0.24
#1128 – 1959 4c Arctic Explorations Postage Stamp Numbered Plate Block (4)
THIS IS A NUMBERED PLATE BLOCK OF 4 STAMPS.....More Info#1128, 1959, Arctic, Block, Explorations, Numbered, Plate, Postage, StampMore Info$1.50
#1134 – 1959 4c Petroleum Industry Postage Stamp Numbered Plate Block (4)
THIS IS A NUMBERED PLATE BLOCK OF 4 STAMP.....More Info1134, 1959, Block, Industry, Numbered, Petroleum, Plate, Postage, StampMore Info$1.22
#1125 – 1959 4c Jose de San Martin Postage Stamp Numbered Plate Block (4)More Info$0.25
#1127 – 1959 4c Nato Postage Stamp Numbered Plate Block (4)More Info$3.10


text:
Developer reply by ChrisLE
Rated 5 out of 5 stars
great addon. please, keep working on it.
With the v1.1, add-ons are not alphabetically sorted. Please, add this feature.
thanks for your feedback. Sorting was planed, but for the first time hard to implement for me. So the feature doesnt exist in this and in the old version. But i will implement it soon.
To create your own collections, you must have a Mozilla Add-ons account.


text:
Gap Sash
Sash-waist tunic dress available in petite/tall A subtle, allover dobby-dot print gives the slightest bit of texture to this airy, delicate style. fabric & care * 65% Rayon, 35% Cotton. * Dry clean. * Imported. details * High-quality rayon/cotton dobby blend. * Center tie forms keyhole at elasticized, ruffled neckline. * Pointelle trim at front and back neckline, and bottom. * Sleeveless, self-tie sash at low elasticized waist. * Double-hem detail, hits mid-thigh.


text:
Two's company, three's a crowd, and four's a sad little party. Pack the place with this Groupon.
Choose from Four Options
- $175 for a two-hour chocolate-fountain rental ($350 value)
- $239 for a four-hour chocolate-fountain rental ($500 value)
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The chocolate-fountain rentals both include eight pounds of chocolate. Customers may choose to pay an additional fee for dipping foods, extra chocolate, and bamboo sticks. Party-equipment rentals run the gamut from plate chargers to elegant fabric backdrops and tablecloths. See the list of rental items here.
Alluring Occasions
Bride and groom take their seat at the center of the table; the wedding party sits beside them. An ethereal glow emanates from the gauzy curtains behind their seats: blue, purple, green. Silky white roses blanket the table and chairs, and yellow petals circling purple-bottomed vases and green candles add a pop of color. The setting may sound like a fairytale, but it's actually a head table created by the event decorators at Alluring Occasions.
Whether they're creating a one-of-a-kind backdrop for a bride and groom, table settings for a sweet sixteen, or decor for another special event, each of their creations is touched with whimsy. Of course, how much whimsy all depends on your personal preferences. The decorators cater to each party host or special guest when they design a bash, so settings range from colorful and opulent to chic and understated.


text:
Doodlebug Designs Sweet Things Icons Valentine Scrapbook Sticker
From Doodlebug Designs Sweet Things collection, one 6x12 sheet of icon stickers. This fun assortment full of love icons and happy couples in shades of red, pinks and pistachio is the perfect companion when creating crafts from the heart. From love notes to scrapbook pages, this collection has something special for all those you love.
We Also Recommend


text:
BIScience is a leading online media intelligence solution provider with a portfolio of competitive intelligence products that provide revolutionizing insights for online professionals. Theur flagship product is Adclarity which enables online media professionals to discover their most successful online traffic sources, unveil their competitors' media campaigns, uncover their competitors' best performing creative concepts and campaigns, and use these actionable insights to guide the way they buy and sell online media.
Company Info
- HQ Location
- Israel
- Year Founded
- 2009
- Employees
- 50
- Website
- www.adclarity.com
Products by BIScience
Company Headquarters
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|Michal Hordecki
This document descibes the basic principles of ZZ speedcubing system and it's common variations.
ZZ was developed in 2006 by Zbigniew Zborowski, the co-inventor of the acclaimed Z-B speedcubing system. ZZ is a revolutionary approach - it focues not only on move count (which varies, from 40's to 50's, depending on variation), but also on move ergonomy, which allow one to reach even better TPS (Turn Per Second) rate than with classic systems, such as Fridrich or Petrus).
Despite it's obvious potential, ZZ speedcubing system is unknown in mainstream speedcubing community, hence this document, aimed primarily at experienced speedcubers.
- 1.2
- Added stuff about phasing and extended ZZLL part.
- 1.1
- Lots of bugfixes, changed order of the chapters. ~14% more content.
- 1.0
- Initial release
- Phase that encompasses solving first two layers of the cube - i.e.
- First layer
- Second layer
- Last layer
- Orienting all pieces of LL, without respect to their permutation.
- Permuting all pieces of LL, while preserving their orientation.
- Permuting all edges of LL, while preserving all other pieces.
- n-look LL:
- Solving LL in n steps.
- Orienting and permuting all corners of LL, while preserving LL edge orientation.
With top speedcubers pushing Fridrich method to it's ultimate limits, efforts were made to develop better approach. Let's analyze the problem.
Standard solve using Fridrich method comes as follows:
- Cross - Solving four 1L corners.
- 4 x Slot - Solving one pair of 1L corner and 2L edge.
Calculated average move count is 56, and a theoretical time average of 17 seconds. Hovewer, nowadays' speedcubers average sub-12sec. Fridrich is the most popular method as of today, it was therefore developed further. Usually, improvements aim at F2L phase (mainly due to non-restrictive state the cube is at that stage) - such as joining first step (cross) with second (first slot), known as XCross, or solving multiple slots at once, known as multislotting.
F2L is a individual matter, so development is mainly focused on LL phase.
Obvious, and ultimate, improvement is to join LL steps into one, called simply LL. Hovewer, trendemous ammount of possible cases (counting in thousands) renders it impractical.
Z-B ([zb]) is one of the possible solutions. It's divided into following phases:
- Cross
- 3 x Slot
- Last Slot with LL edge orientation.
As you can see, Z-B is a 1-look LL approach with one, vital difference. All LL edges are oriented while solving the last slot. Such action drops possible LL cases to a matter of hundreds (about 500). Hovewer, last slot can no longer be solved intuitively. It's composed of approx. 300 cases.
In Z-B, average move count is nearly 40 - it's therefore so low that it could be used even to FMC.
The only, but critical disadvantage of Z-B is the number of algorithms. While lower than pure 1-look LL, it's still an order of magnitude higher than Fridrich (800 comparing to 80). While individuals are trying to learn Z-B (which takes probably years to learn, yet to master), it wasn't widely adopted. Few inventions, such as VH, were created to aid this, but they weren't successful.
ZZ is new speedcubing method, invented by Zbigniew Zborowski (published in [nooks]) in 2006 and polished by Polish speedcubers' community [psf1]. ZZ can be perceived as mix of so-far distinct concepts, such as 1-look LL or blockbuilding F2L. These are present in many modern systems, but were never seen in one system. In fact, term ZZ can mean any of it's incarnations, as it has evolved during it's development. The most popular variants have been described here.
General concepts:
- EOLine is the most characteristic concept of ZZ. Must read if you're going to learn any ZZ variation.
- Blockbuilding consists of author's personal thoughts about blockbuilding - the preferred way of doing ZZF2L.
- Phasing, which is an easy way to influence LL edge permutation in order to do 1-look LL with low number of possible cases.
ZZ variants:
Be sure to visit Practical notes section, where I've collected various hints and ideas concerning actual solving.
This step is unseen in any of the mainstream speedcubing methods. It's the characteristic feature of ZZ methods family.
EOLine is the first phase in all ZZ versions. EOLine stands for edge orientation & solving two opposite first layer edges (usually DF and DB). It's a replacement for the classic cross. It's designed to be done completely intuitively, too.
First, it seems that EOLine (EO for edge orientation, Line - for line on the D face) is inferior to the classic Cross approach. We solve only the half of cross this time, and there isn't any visible benefit of EO at this phase of solve. Well...
Nothing's more wrong!
What's so beneficial in edge orientation, anyway? At first, let's answer what "edge orienation" actually is.
I will quote Macky's article ([macky]) on blindfold solving::
There are twelve edge pieces on a Rubik's Cube. Since each edge has two stickers, it can be twisted in two ways: correct and incorrect orientation. We define "correct" orientation of an edge to be the one that it can reach from the solved state within the (UDF2B2RL) group*, i.e. without quarter turns on F and B faces. The other orientations are "incorrect". From this definition, we can determine the orientation of an edge by (mentally) moving it to its correct position under this restriction. If the facelet colors match with the centers, the edge is correctly oriented. In official attempts we cannot make any moves during memorization. (...) Here is one way to process this information quickly: In U/D layer # 1. If the piece has a U/D color, correct if this is on U/D, incorrect if on F/B/R/L. # 2. Otherwise, correct if R/L color is on F/B/R/L, incorrect if on U/D. In the middle layer # 3. If the piece has a U/D color, correct if this is on F/B, incorrect if on R/L. # 4. Otherwise, look at either one of the two stickers and the adjacent center. If these two colors are same or on opposite sides, correct. Otherwise, incorrect.
First advantage - after EO, we put the cube into <U, D, F2, B2, R, L>-group. But, we also do Line - so we reduce cube to <U, R, L>-group.
The immediate benefit is probably obvious.
F2L using only R, U and L facelets. With no rotation
No rotation simplifies looking ahead, and that combined with increased rate of 3-move cases and 2-gen algorithms (RU for the right side, LU for the opposite) can potentially give it's user an insane speed.
It is possible to do EOCross instead of EOLine. This way, one would end with a state similar from that after Fridrich's first step. Ergonomy is retained - we're still in <R, U, L>-group. In this approach, the main problem is the complexity. In order to achieve successful times, one must plan the whole first step during preinspection. Creating optimal solution for EOCross (or even sub-optimal) in 10 seconds or so can be percieved as making XCross every solve. On the other side, EOLine is generally easier approach, and leaving DR and DL unsolved isn'y so scary in fact that in ZZF2L there aren't slots, there are blocks.
EOLine optimal average move count is calculated as ~6.127, there are 8 move cases and one 9 move case, though.
Exact statistics were made by Grzegorz Łuczyna::
0 : 1 1 : 9 2 : 91 3 : 851 4 : 6831 5 : 41703 6 : 130239 7 : 88683 8 : 1927 9 : 1
0 : 0.00037% 1 : 0.00329% 2 : 0.03366% 3 : 0.31479% 4 : 2.52686% 5 : 15.42636% 6 : 48.17671% 7 : 32.80473% 8 : 0.71282% 9 : 0.00037%
The 9-move case appears when all 12 edges are flipped, and Line edges are permuted correctly. Shortest approach to solve that is to do B' R F' D' L' U' B' R' D'.
ZZ-VH ([psf3]) is the simplest of all ZZ variants. It affects only F2L, and can be easily expanded into more advanced ZZ-b.
After doing ZZF2L, one ends with standard LL, however all edges are oriented. One of the following approaches are possible:
- Do simplified Fridrich from here. Probably the easiest, cause for majority of speedcubers it does not require additional algorithms.
- VHLL ([vh]), i.e. COLL + EPLL. There are slightly less algorithms than in previous approach. Move count is worse, but the recognition speed is way higher. Also, EPLL is usually very fast.
- Do 1-look LL, namely ZBLL. ZZF2L+ZBLL is called ZZ-a. It's another name is so called 'hardcore variant', as it needs ~500 algorithms.
ZZ-VH, as name suggets, utilizes the second approach.
- EOLine
- Blockbuilding F2L
- COLL (Corner permutation & orientation without flippind edges)
- EPLL (Edge permutation)
Of course, one can do ordinary slot-based F2L rather than blockbuilding. Given the circumstances, although, blockbuilding is the preferred approach, as it allows to solve remaining cross edges alongside the rest of F2L.
The number of algorithms is quite interesting. COLL yields 40. EPLL consists of only such permutations like U, Z and H. Of course, there's a need for full PLL knowledge just in case of OLL skip. Hovewer, it's still 61, and that's lower than that of Fridrich [1].
As for today, ZZ variant-b is the recommended way of ZZ for advanced speedcubers. It was invented as a replacement for ZZ-d due to existence of the 'missing link'.
Let's start with general step overview:
- EOLine
- Blockbuilding of one side
- Finishing F2L + phasing (i.e. permuting two opposite LL edges)
- ZZLL - 1-look LL
The main difference lies in so called "phasing". Just when finishing F2L, one must permute two opposite LL edges, usually UF and UB. It takes 2-4 moves on average and can be done on the fly (of course after proper training). Phasing style is individual to each speedcuber, as it depends on F2L techniques. However, you can see basic approach to this problem in Phasing section in Practical notes.
After ZZF2L comes the standard 1-look LL. However, fact of two opposite edges permutted correctly drastically decreases a number of possible LL cases. It's 80 distinct algorithms. When we count inversions and symmetries, it gives us 167 sequences. This is 2x that of Fridrich, but it's still a reasonable number that can be learned and recognized quickly [2].
As the moment of writing, there's one known person using this variant in competition - Zbigniew Zborowski, author of ZZ. However, author of this article is aiming to learn ZZ-b, as he is currently using ZZ-VH.
Finally, there's the chronologically first ZZ variation. It's percieved as the fastest ZZ variation (<50 moves on average, and they are mainly 2-generator), but it's incomplete.
ZZ-d is divided into following steps:
- Edge orientation and solving two opposite 1L edges (usually DF and DB)
- Solving left 2x2x3 block of the F2L with simultaneously reducing the cube to the <R, U>-group.
- (2-generator) Solving remaining F2L part.
- (2-generator) 1-look LL.
As for today, the main problem lies in step number two. Reducing the cube into <R, U>-group mean that, after F2L, one would end with all corners permuted correctly. It's harded that it seems. Of course, there are methods of doing so, but no one has found the way to do it quick (virtually on the fly).
After such F2L, one would end with few LL cases possible - only corner orientation & edge permutation. All algorithms are 2-generator, obviously.
ZZ's move count is outstanding. It's ~47 moves on average (assuming the "missing link" is made in 2 moves - it has been proven that's possible). Fact worth mentioning is that ~27 of them are 2-gen - RU.
Up to this point ZZ was described only in theory. In this chapter, I will discuss some of practical aspects of ZZ. This chapter is based primarily of the experiences of me and Mateusz Kurek, another ZZ (ZZ-VH, specifically) solver. It's also thought as less formal. This chapter is to be updated frequently, as new ideas and concepts pop out.
To simplify explanations, D will be assumed as the first layer.
This phase is probably the most important one in ZZ, because
- It appears in every variation, so mastering it is crucial.
- Given the fact of <R, U, L>-group moves in later phases, EOLine is probably the slowest(in terms of TPS), so it should be as optimal as possible.
- Bad EO (i.e. missing some flipping edges) can have disastrous effects, cause, when discovered, it puts cuber out of the rhythm, therefore adding seconds to overall time.
For beginner, following distinction is advised: EO + Line - i.e. first do the EO, next solve DF and DB.
Before solving EO, one must learn how to determine orientation for each edge, and to it quick. It is described thoroughly in Macky's tutorial ([macky]) and Speedsolving.com forum ([speed1]). Gilles Roux, while describing his speedcubing method, also describes edge orientation ([roux]). It was also discussed with ZZ's author in [psf2].
When you are able to determine EO quickly, it's time for actual EO solving. You do not need to know any specific algorithms. There is only one rule - F and B moves change orientation of the edges placed on them (also F' / B', but not F2 / B2). So, if one places one flipped (i.e. with wrong orientation) edge on F face and then do F, he will end with all F edges with altered orientation, in this example 3 flipped and one correct.
Standard approach comes as follows::
When >=4 edges flipped: Using RULD moves, put 4 flipped edges to either F or B face, and then do F/B. When exactly 2 edges flipped: Put only one of the flipped edges on F/B face, then do F/B. You will end then with 4 misoriented edges. Proceed as with >=4 edges rule.
Then do a Line using only RULD moves. It's probably so trivial that there isn't need to explain it.
Of course, when one will become proficient with basic technique, advancement should follow. EO + Line shall become EOLine - just do such EO, than you will end with 0 to 2-move Line. It sounds hard, and it indeed is. It can be as well divided into two stages:
- Solving EO and Line independently, but predicting DF and DB position after EO during preinspection, therefore making smooth transition between EO and Line.
- Solving EO and Line simultaneously.
While stage 1 can be trained in matter of months, doing stage 2 consistently would be real feat, as there's no one who is doing it every solve yet.
Getting proficient with EO is only the matter of practice. In first days of ZZ'ing, expect solving EO in 30 seconds or so. Counting flipped edges loudly helps alot. In the process of training, you will see that some patterns do repeat (well, there are only a few hundreds of distinct EO cases). After half a year, finding optimal EO solution will drop to sub-5 seconds.
For ones who wish to train EOLine, [nooks] (section 2.3) provides a good tool. It computes optimal EOLine algorithm for the given scramble.
I completely do not feel as blockbuilding expert, cause I came from Fridrich to ZZ. Blockbuilding half of the F2L in one step and doing it fluently is out of my reach, so I developed another method for doing ZZF2L.
I do not solve 2x2x3 block all at once, but separate it into two phases:
- Solve 2x2x2 block - i.e. slot + adjacent cross edge.
- Solve remaining slot.
So, for solving left and right side it gives total of 4 substeps, which i try to mix (for the sake of speed, of course) as much as possible.
When solving 2x2x2 block, I use two approaches:
- If I see c+e pair and it's an easy slot case, I solve it Fridrich-like and then insert along with cross edge. A set of shortcut and not-so-obvious algs can be found in [nooks] (section 2.2.2).
- If I see an c+cross edge pair and it's easy to join them, I do that. Then, place 2L edge on the target facelet. Finally, i join everything and do R2/L2.
Solving remaining slot is the concept already familiar to Fridrich users, so it won't be described here - there are other, brilliant articles on that. Note that you need to modify your algorithms to use only RULD moves.
VHLL consists of 2 substeps - COLL and EPLL.
COLL is basically a corner orientation & permutation without flipping edges. It can be recognized by looking at 4 stickers (it depends which on the orientation case).
COLL algorithms can be found on numerous sites:
These pages do not use recognition by stickers:
As for EPLL, algorithms can be found on virtually any site that teaches Fridrich method.
Here I describe my phasing method. I use simple blockbuilding consisting of 2 blocks and 2 slots. I do phasing while doing last slot (and I do last slot at the end of F2L).
Virtually all of F2L cases end similarly. It is usually something like U R U' R' or R U R' or R' in special cases. Therefore, while doing 4th slot, I recognize phasing situation, and then at the end I apply proper moves.
If you allow AUF after phasing, there are 3 possible LL edges permutation cases for you to recognize.
To simplify explanation, assume that the 4th slot is the DFR+FR pair.
To name each case, I use the following approach:
Execute R U' R' on the solved cube. You will end with easy F2L case. When looking at the front of the cube, you can see three LL edges - one placed in UF, another in UR and the last in FR. By these 3 edges you can recognize phasing situation. At first, notice that within three edges there is always a pair of opposite edges, i.e. UF-UB or UR-UL. I'm recognizing the phasing case by looking where these opposite edges are.
I use 2-letter system: for example x-F means that the opposite edges are placed in FR (x) and UF (F), F-R is UF and UR.
Some algorithms end with this case, you can also encounter this when you get lucky case. It is undesired though, as algorithms are a bit longer this time.
ZZLL is a subset of ZBLL, so nothing stops you from using ZB-specific pages- there are a few sources of such algs.
If you want ZZ-specific one, you can use [nooks], section 2.2.3.
Recently, I've computed solutions for all ZZLL cases. Hovewer, my approach was a bit different. In ZB, you recognize which corners you need to swap (easy 4-sticker recognition), then you look at edge case. I'm doing the opposite. When phasing, I recognize whether the remaining two LL edges are correctly permuted or not. Then, I do 4-sticker corner recognition (with extra cases). It's a bit harder at the beginning, but I believe that with decent look-ahead it's superior in the long run.
You can find more at http://www.emsee.110mb.com/Speedcubing/ZZLL/ .
- Scramble
- R2 F2 L2 F2 U' L2 F2 U F2 U F D2 L' D2 B2 L' R2 U B U' (generated by Cube Explorer)
- Misoriented edges:
- EOLine
- E2 F' E2 B2 Pretty straightforward
- Blockbuilding
- R' U2 R U' R U2 L U L2 U L' U2 L U' L' Finished the left side. FR & DFR are luckily connected.
Now, different scenarios are possible:
- ZZ-b:
- U2 R U' R2 U R U R' U R U' R' U' R Phasing wasn't needed, actually.
- U' **R'* U' R2 U' R' U' R' U R U2 R' U R* With that R', I've disconnected DR and DBR. If I hadn't done that, I would have end with very ugly F2L case. Luckily, I've got 2-generator LL now. It means that this solve was accidentally also ZZ-d! I swear, It was straightforward solve with random scramble.
ZZ is an interesting method. Learning and mastering it is truly rewarding. For example:
- OH - using mainly 2-generator moves simplify movements, and slower TPS allows to do phasing smoothly even without hard training.
- 'Secondary' method - imagine the case you get the scramble with no misoriented edges. It's a perfect occasion to do RUL F2L. Having ZZ as primary method it can give the boost of 25% (one can not only skip EO preinspection, but lookahead way further into ZZF2L).
And, there are areas for improvements, as in every method - Blockbuilding techniques, for a start.
|It's likely that the absolute number will be bigger. One, searching for optimization, can learn all EPLL, consisting of 8 U cases, 2 Z and 1 H; Hovewer, 61 is the bare minimum.
|Actually, recognizing corrent ZZLL case is no harder than standard COLL. When doing phasing moves, check the permutation of remaining 2 edges (it can be either correct or swapped) and then treat ZZLL like ordinary COLL (using proper algorithm 'set' according to that 2 edges, rotation etc). It seems hard to do these things at once, but it's only a matter of practice.
Unluckily, all of ZZ-related texts are written in Polish language. That was unevitable, though.
|(1, 2, 3, 4) (beware, huge amount of java applets - can crash Firefox, try with Opera or with text-based browser) http:://www.speedcubing.com.pl/nooks_zz.htm
|(1, 2) http://cubefreak.net/blindfoldcubing_guide.html


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