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So, today's article is a bit more personal than most. I've been sick the last few days and haven't posted much, so to make up for it, and to warn you, today's article is hella long and not for everybody. But, I do hope it will be useful. I will of course include some cool science and tie it all back to religion. I hope you enjoy 🙂
If you're looking for a short and to-the-point description of what face blindness is, try this link instead.
As some of you know, I have something called prosopagnosia, or face blindness. If you've never heard of it, you're in the majority, and I hope that after reading this article, you'll have a better understanding of people like me.
Face blindness is, in some ways, similar to color blindness. Color blindness is more perhaps accurately called color vision deficiency – an inability or decreased ability to perceive differences in colors. There are many excellent websites about color blindness and I don't intend to reinvent the wheel, so I'll just recommend this one if you're interested. The point is that being colorblind does not mean you can only see in black & white (monochrome), nor does it mean that you can't see colors at all, or even that you can't see certain colors at all. Some people are affected less than others, for example, and colorblindness is more-or-less independent from visual acuity (whether you need glasses or not). Colorblind people are not stupid; they are not disabled (unless their job depends foundationally on their ability to perceive differences in colors, e.g. jewelry graders), and it's not a matter of "trying." They are simply physically unable to do it.
There are different types of color blindness, but let's take one kind, protanomaly, as an example. Protanomoly is also called "red-weakness." If a picture's worth 1,000 words, this example by Paul Martin can probably do a better job than I can:
In the image on the left, someone with normal vision sees violet or purplish berries. In the image on the right, we see what someone with protanomaly would see. Since these people have a deficient or in- ability to see red wavelengths specifically, and because purple is a combination of blue light and red light, anything purple just appears to them as blue. An object that a person with normal vision would process as strictly red – say, the maple leaf on the Canadian flag – would appear as the commensurate shade of grey to someone with protanomaly. This type of colorblindness affects about 1% of males (colorblindness is more common all around in men than women).
It's surprisingly common for people to live their lives just fine without ever realizing they are colorblind at all. Different saturations of red simply appear to be different shades of grey, and so they CAN tell the difference between light and dark red, etc. But from their perspective, the same shades of red vs grey are indistinguishable. Since they have never been able to see through someone else's eyes (unless they've had an eye transplant), and since this is (almost always) due to a congenital birth defect, they just never know the difference and don't realize those colors even exist. Unless someone else realizes it and points it out, they may never even notice they're not seeing the same thing as everyone else. They more or less have to take other people's word for it. We'll come back to the significance of this in a moment.
So, what's face blindness, then?
Face blindness is pretty much the same idea, except that instead of certain colors looking grey, people's faces all look the same. And by all the same, unlike with colorblindness, I mean blurry, or perhaps more accurately, nondescript. If you want to imagine what it's like, and you wear eyeglasses, this is actually pretty easy to simulate. Try going to a dinner party or skeptic's meeting or some other gathering where you know mostly everyone there, and just take off your glasses. Depending on how bad your uncorrected vision is, you may not even be able to tell your significant other apart from a complete stranger until s/he says something out loud, and then you would be identifying his voice, not his face.
Face blindness is like that, except only with faces, and only with "whole" faces. If I focus on one part of your face, I can see it just fine. I can see your eyes, and your hair, and your nose, and your chin, if I look directly at them. But when I take a figurative step back and try to look at your "whole" face, it just doesn't register very well.
You would not believe the social consequences that come along with a diminished ability to recognize faces. It is extremely common for faceblind people to lose friends, job opportunities, love interests, etc because other people don't understand why the faceblind person is so "arrogant."
For example, say you (reader) and I know each other – say we are Facebook friends, perhaps we have had two or three extended conversations after SASHA meetings, say we've even been out to dinner together with a group of friends or something. Now say you and I pass each other in a semi-crowded hallway one day – say, there are 8 people present, including the two of us. Our eyes meet briefly, and I look away and keep walking as if I don't know you – because as far as I know, you are a stranger. You think, "What an ass! He didn't even say hello!" You never talk to me again, and I have no idea why. And since I have no idea who you are, or even that I did anything wrong, I can't apologize, either.
If there is one thing I hope you take from this article, here it is:
I ran across this picture on a blog article someone had written about her own face blindness, and even though I am sitting alone in this room while writing, I said, "YES! THANK YOU!!" aloud when I found it. This image so fittingly communicates what I wish people understood about being faceblind. The website author, Anni Taylor, has a pretty mild case of it. There are some people who literally are unable to recognize themselves in the mirror and freak out, thinking someone else is in the room, if they catch a mirror image of themselves unexpectedly. Like me, Anni's case is mild enough, and her coping mechanisms sophisticated enough, that she did not realize she had face blindness until she was an adult (poking through some of her other articles, she seems to be in her 30s and just found out she has face blindness a year ago).
Because there is a spectrum of severity, it's not uncommon for people to be unaware that they qualify as having it, if it's not bad enough to interfere too terribly with their lives. I would say in my case, I'm about in the middle. I can say this with some confidence because several years ago, I participated in a study on face blindness through the Prosopagnosia Research Group at Harvard University (www.faceblind.org is their research site), which took about 25 hours over 6 weeks. I learned a lot from the study – mainly, that this is more common than I realized (it's estimated that 2.5% to 10% of the population qualifies as having at least mild cases of it), and that though I have it much worse than I thought I did, I don't have it NEARLY as bad as some people.
The main thing that struck me is to what extent my methods of identifying other people are abnormal, compared to how non-faceblind people identify each other. What also has struck me is how common my methods of identifying other people are among other faceblind people. As I understand it, the way that normal people identify each other is the same way that I identify my left hand as belonging to me: It is more-or-less effortless, instantaneous, and you rarely second-guess yourself, unless you are extremely drunk. You "just know" that you know someone. You can see someone from across a room, even someone you're not expecting to see, and know that this person is someone you know. I'm not talking about remembering how you know them or what their name is – everyone is forgetful about those things from time to time. I mean the actual flicker of recognition when you see them and think, "Oh, you!" is thoughtless: As soon as you lay eyes on their face, your brain tells you that it's someone you've met before.
This is drastically different than the way it works for me. For me, it's more like being a detective who has to crack the case quickly, because there's a bomb that's about to go off or something. Every second counts, and especially in a crowd, I have less than a second to decide if I know you or not before you will feel insulted if I fail to acknowledge you as a non-stranger.
Why don't I just treat everyone I make eye contact with as though we know each other, to be on the safe side, you ask? Tell you what: Why don't you go to the mall for an hour, try that out, and let me know how it goes! 😛 If I smiled a big smile, waved, and said "Hi!" to literally every person I made eye contact with, I would probably look like a total nut, in addition to spending fairly all of my time saying hi to people. Being overly nice to strangers "just in case" you know them already actually makes the problem worse, and exponentially so. The reason is that if you do this, you will end up making a lot of acquaintances, whom you will be expected to remember the next time you see, as well (remember having met them before, not their names, I mean). No, the only practical solution for a faceblind person like me is to figure out, as quickly as possible, whether I need to treat a person as someone I am expected to already know, and stall while I figure out who they are, or if it is acceptable to treat them as a stranger and carry on with my day.
There is a complicated but precise way to do this; it's something that I figured out when I was very young, out of necessity. I've had many years of practice doing it, so I'm pretty quick about it, but the method hasn't changed. I was in my early 20s when I learned that most people do not do this. Basically, my top priority when encountering someone in public is deciding if you are a stranger or if you are someone I am supposed to know already. The timer starts once we make eye contact, and I have roughly ½ to ¾ of a second before they will start feeling insulted if I get it wrong. This applies anywhere there are random people (malls, restaurants, campus, etc) where I might run into someone I know.
The decision tree looks like this:
So, once I've established that you're not a stranger, I can start trying to figure out who you actually are. The main thing for me here is TIME. The longer I can stall, the better my chances of figuring it out. This is a double-edged sword, though, because the longer I drag out our interaction to try to get more clues about who you are, the more insulted you will be if I don't "remember" chatting with you later, if I fail to identify you correctly.
Sometimes I can skip the first flowchart entirely, if I already know that we're not strangers. For example, at SASHA meetings, I know that (mostly) everyone there is someone I have met before, and even for new people, I want to meet them and I greet them warmly, so worrying about avoiding eye contact, etc does not apply. Or, if I am meeting a group of people at a restaurant (e.g. when I attend Columbia Atheist meetings, which usually have about 20-30 people), it's just a matter of figuring out who is who.
The "Not a stranger, but who?" mental flowchart looks like this:
Oh hey, if you think going through these steps in your head literally hundreds of times a day must be mentally exhausting, you're right!
This is why I always go to the same restaurant (if you've hung out with me personally, you know which one it is) and always go to the same bar/hangout (ditto): It drastically narrows down the number of people I risk running into unexpectedly. It's why I almost never go to malls or walk around campus without pretending I'm texting. It's why I LOVE it when I remember to bring nametags to SASHA meetings. It's why I like picking people up in my car when we hang out, instead of meeting them there. (By the way, the worst possible nightmare for a faceblind person is being asked to meet somewhere crowded, and you getting there before they do). Some people with prosopagnosia develop very serious anxiety problems, social withdrawal, and even become total recluses to avoid having to deal with it. I adore people; I love my friends and there is pretty much nothing I enjoy about life more than the company of people I care about, so I am very fortunate that the worst of it, for me, is the mental juggling of who's-who and the occasional pissed-off/gone forever friend.
One of the reasons I like to travel so much (not counting perhaps a dozen day-trips to other cities, I went on 4 extended roadtrips last year) is that when I'm in a new city, I'm under no pressure to recognize ANYONE. I can treat everyone as a stranger and there are no social consequences, as far as risking lost friends. Let me clarify that this doesn't mean I am mean to people — quite the contrary. I smile at everyone; I chat with shop-owners and locals, and I enjoy making new friends. If you know me in person, you know that I really try as hard as I can to be a sweet guy. When I say I can treat everyone as a stranger, I mean that I don't have to hide from them, because oh, you might be someone I know, waiting to spurn me if I fail your unintentional pop-quiz. Don't get me wrong: I do not blame people who have gotten pissed at me for "ignoring" them, and I completely understand that none of my friends actually desires to do this to me. I want to make it clear that I am not upset about the friends I have lost through misunderstandings about this, unfortunate as it is. Like the picture says above, "I am not ignoring you on purpose."
Now, as frustrating as this is, I do recognize that it could be a lot worse. Some people who are more severely affected than I am are unable to tell if others are even making eye contact with them in the first place – the entire face simply does not register. For me, I can see your eyes if I focus my attention on them, but your face does not "click" as familiar. I do not understand and have not experienced the sensation of someone seeming familiar and recognizing someone effortlessly and instantly. I can do it if I'm expecting to see you and you're wearing clothes I know are yours and you have a hairstyle I know is yours, etc. But as long as I can remember, identification of other people I know has always been a conscious inference on my part. And like any inference, because it is based on available evidence, I could find out that I'm very wrong as the conversation progresses.
What's it like to be faceblind? Let me give you some examples. Once I was supposed to meet my then-girlfriend at a car dealership – there was a big Humane Society fundraiser, and several hundred people were gathered outside the building waiting for it to start (the dealership was raffling off a car). I texted my girlfriend and asked her where she was waiting, and she told me she was right inside the side door of the showroom. I went to the side door–it was a big glass door– but didn't see her, so I thought I should check inside. There was a woman in the way of the door, so I asked (politely) for her to move so I could get in. She said, "Very funny."
On another occasion, I was taking a Latin class at Mizzou with about 20 other students. I always try to get to know at least one person the first week, and exchange email addresses if possible, so that we can share notes if either of us is sick or has to miss a day. I generally wait until the second or third class to do this, so I can feel out who takes quality notes and who doesn't. So, on the first day, I met a really cool woman, another student, and we had a nice chat. Later in the day, I had an English class, and met another student, who seemed really nice as well. At the end of the third Latin class, I asked my new friend about exchanging emails for note-sharing purposes. She was happy to and we did. Later in the day, I had my third English class, and asked my other new friend about exchanging emails for note-sharing purposes. Unlike the girl in my Latin class, she was visibly perturbed, and I quickly said, "You don't have to if you don't want to; it's just something I do in every class. I can get someone else." She said, "No, it's not that. I already have your email." We'd been chatting all week, in both classes, without me realizing that these two friends were actually the same person. That is not the only time that has happened, by the way.
Face blindness is usually congenital, although it can also develop later in life through brain injury or trauma (lesions, cancer, stroke, or other diseases that damage brain tissue, etc). Interestingly, there is a whole part of the brain, called the fusiform face area (hereafter FFA), whose only function seems to be processing visual input of faces specifically. It seems that recognizing faces is so important to our evolutionary history that humans developed a bigger and more complex version of this section. The FFA is a subsection of the fusiform gyrus, which itself is part of the temporal lobe in Brodmann Area 37.
Because the area affected is so very specialized, people who are faceblind can do things you might not expect, despite our difficulties with faces. For example, most of us have zero trouble distinguishing between, for example, photographs of very similar rocks, or types of cars, or telling pets apart, or identifying, for example, my laptop from my brother's identical make & model laptop (well, to be fair, mine does have a huge sticker that says "ATHEIST" all across the front!). But faces, they just do not register. This has some interesting consequences: I sometimes have trouble watching television shows because it's annoying trying to keep the characters straight. I like the show How I Met Your Mother, as one example, but I often have trouble telling apart Ted and Marshall when everyone is seated at their table at the bar – I have no trouble when they're standing, because Marshall towers over Ted, and I have no trouble with Barney, because he has blonde hair. I sometimes confuse Robin and Lily, although Lily's hair is longer and redder, so I'm usually okay, especially if there is dialogue and I can use their voices to help tell them apart, etc.
So, I promised I would bring this back 'round to religion. Remember when I said colorblind people, who have never experienced the color red, more or less just have to take other people's word for it that "red" actually does exist?
The reason I bring this up is that I've, more than once, heard this argument used as "proof" of supernatural claims. I have heard people say things along the lines of, "Some people can feel the Holy Spirit/Allah/the Tao/etc, and some people can't. Just because YOU can't feel it doesn't mean WE'RE imagining it. Isn't it possible that we just have some sort of 6th sense, which allows us to perceive this, that you lack?"
My response is this: Yes, it's possible. But here's how I know you're making it up, even though I don't necessarily think you're doing it with a conscious intent to deceive: If I were colorblind, I could take a rose and show it to someone and say, "I'm colorblind. Can you tell me, what color is this rose?" and that person will say, "It's a red rose." Then I could take that same rose and grab another random person and say, "Hey, I'm colorblind. What color is this?" And that person will say, "It's red." And I could bug yet another random person and say, "Hey, can you tell me what color this rose is?" And that person will also say, "Dumbass; it's red." Then I'd say, "Oh, sorry; I forgot to mention I'm colorblind." Then Person #3 would say, "Oh, I'm sorry for calling you a dumbass. Still red, though." You get the picture.
I could do this 100 times and get at least 95 people to give me the exact same answer with complete agreement. (The other 5 would be the same people who say that the Earth is bigger than the Sun, or colorblind themselves).
The way I know the religion analogy flunks is that if I ask 100 random people what the word "god" even means, it would be unprecedented, to my knowledge, if they could all agree just on that, let alone which god, how many, whether s/he/it/they require baptism, or virgin sacrifices, or meditation, or suicide via cyanide-spiked Flavor Aid . I have heard, with a straight face, religious people tell me that "everyone has their own interpretation of who God is." You know what it means when everyone has their own interpretation? It means no one has any frickin' clue. God is a life force? God is energy? God is love? God is justice? God is an old Caucasian man with a white flowing beard and an outreached hand? When I was really little, I used to think God looked like one of the Emperor's Royal Guards from Return of the Jedi:
The fact is, when no one can give you a straight answer, that tells you that nobody has a straight answer. And that's not necessarily a bad thing. As Lawrence Krauss said, "Scientists love mysteries." The problem with religion is that it insists it has the answers when, in reality, it doesn't. I'm not saying science always does, but at least science is working on it, and at least science is consistent, and at least science only trusts it's conclusions insofar as they are supposed by the available evidence, and at least science has the self-doubt necessary to refrain from taking offense when it is subjected to critical inquiry. This is how progress is made.
I hope today's post has been useful for you. Until next time!
For a more-thorough and more-personal treatment of today's subject matter, try this free online e-book by a man with severe face blindness named Bill Choisser.
Links to additional articles about face blindness from the New Yorker, Time Magazine, and Wired.
And finally, to you non-faceblind folks, here are some ways you can make things easier on faceblind people like me!
– When you see us in public, just help us out with your name!
– That's it! Really! There is nothing wrong with our memories; we just can't recognize faces!
– If you know someone is faceblind, and you're with a group of people, kindly help us out by quietly telling us who everyone is
– If we see you in public unexpectedly, and we ignore you, just remember: We're not ignoring you on purpose – you're our friends and we love you; our brains just don't process faces right.
Until next time!
Dave Muscato is Vice President of MU SASHA. He is a vegetarian, LGBTQ ally, and human- & animal-welfare activist. A junior at Mizzou majoring in economics & anthropology and minoring in philosophy & Latin, Dave posts updates to the SASHA blog every Monday, Thursday, and Saturday. His website is http://www.DaveMuscato.com.
Follow Dave on Google+
Follow Dave on Twitter
Helpful resources:
Iron Chariots Wiki
Skeptics' Annotated Bible / Skeptics' Annotated Qur'an
YouTubers: Evid3nc3, Thunderf00t, TheAmazingAtheist, The Atheist Experience, Edward Current,NonStampCollector, Mr. Deity, Richard Dawkins, QualiaSoup
Blogs: Greta Christina, PZ Myers, The Friendly Atheist, WWJTD?, Debunking Christianity, SkepChick
and don't forget… other SASHA members! We are here for you, too!
Thank you for posting this! I have problems recognizing faces, and I never knew there was an actual medical reason for it. My dad and I both have this problem, and are always being teased about it by the rest of the family. Now I know!
FYI, there are several good reasons for keeping this kind of information relatively private – I'm actually a bit on the fence about blogging about it, but I suppose I'm committed to it now, LOL.
If/when you decide to "go public" about your face blindness, just keep in mind that it makes it a lot easier for unscrupulous people to take advantage of you. If you see a doctor about it and get an official diagnosis, you'll probably never be able to serve as a witness in court, should that ever come up… all the defense attorney would have to do is say, "How can this "eyewitness" possibly know my client and the criminal are one and the same when she can't even tell her friends apart?" etc. Just something to keep in mind! – Dave
I only heard about this through Picket Fences, but from what you've described, it is something tricky. You have to recognize other qualities, like habits of that person's physical movements, etc.
Picket Fences had a bit of a problematic ending with the episode in question, since it reflected on that possibility and a guy who shot his brother got off on the reasonable doubt that he couldn't tell it was his brother that came into the house.
Dave , At least Science is consistent ,,you say . i agree . here is some of there consistent creations :
1.the Atomic bomb
2.weapons of mass destruction
3.genetic engineering
5.Embrionic stem cell research
6.assited suicide
7. Euthansia used for down syndrome children
8.better methods of abortion .
9. better methods for the dealth penalty
10. torture expereimentation on animals
11. More effective torture techniques for human beings.
these are just to name a few . and to be critical of them , they do take offence …grave offence , as if they had some kind of divine mandate . this is not progress , but rather digression in the name of progress.


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best age to start teaching a baby swimming type things
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Hi Folks,
I went to bed one night with a fever in August of 2014 and woke up to bilateral sensorineural hearing loss slathered in tinnitus. Fast forward to the present, and I'm at the point where I'd like to give hearing aids a try.
Like a lot of people on the forum, I'm a big fan of music and surround sound home theater systems. I've gathered there's large degree of personal preference involved, so recommending one hearing aid above another is subjective.
I've seen some of the other wiz bang features geared towards the iPhone. Since I'm a fan of Android, I'm more inclined to lean more towards sound quality. I've also seen some advertise tinnitus relief with soothing nature sounds, but if they don't have prerecorded howler monkeys or Bavarian horse yodeling, it really doesn't seem worth it.
So far, the only hearing aid I've tried is the Siemens Pure 7 Primax. I won't go into detail, but for whatever reason, that's the only device that was offered. I've since made an appointment with a more flexible audiologist and hope to try out the ReSound Linx2 9. From what I've seen there are some others made by Starkey and Widex that are also rated well for music. Has any one compared any of these, and if so, what was your impression?
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Sep 18, 1990
|Filing date
|Apr 15, 1988
|Priority date
|Oct 15, 1985
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Herbert C. Griess
|Original Assignee
|Pittway Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (10), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (13), Classifications (11), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 787,311, filed Oct. 15, 1985, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,791,414.
1. Field of the Invention
The invention in general relates to the field of water-flow indicators that are intended to be mounted on a water-pipe of sprinkler-type fire suppressant systems to activate an alarm when water flows in the pipe. In particular, it relates to such water-flow indicators having a time delay function
2. Description of the Prior Art.
Water-flow detectors, sometimes referred to as water-flow indicators, which are mounted on the pipes of sprinkler-type fire suppressant systems are well-known. These systems generally include a paddle or vane which is placed within the pipe or other conduit carrying the water. The vane is connected to a pivot arm which connects to an alarm actuator. A problem with such water-flow detectors is that transient flows can occur in the sprinkler system pipes; for example, when a pump that maintains pressure in the system turns on, air trapped in the system will be compressed, which may cause water to temporarily surge past the flow detector location. Such temporary surges can trigger false alarms which are a nuisance. The common way to avoid such nuisance alarms is to provide a time delay between the beginning of the flow and signaling an alarm. Typically, an adjustable pneumatic dashpot (similar to that of a screen door closer) retard mechanism is used to provide the delay.
The prior art delay mechanisms have a number of disadvantages. The pneumatic retard is vulnerable to air borne particles which can clog the miniscule exhaust path and significantly alter the delay or even prevent the actuation of the alarm. The mechanical linkages can vary or deteriorate to cause significant variation in the force required to actuate the mechanism, thus altering the flow sensitivity of the detector. Further, setting the pneumatic retard time delay involves a time-consuming trial-and-error method since absolute calibration is difficult with such retards.
It is an object of the invention to provide a water-flow detector which overcomes one or more of the disadvantages of the prior art detectors.
A related object is to provide a water-flow detector having an electronic time delay function.
A further object of the invention is to provide a water-flow detector having a number of predetermined time delays which can be easily selected.
Another object of the invention is to provide a water-flow detector which upon failure of the system or parts of the system will provide either an immediate alarm or an alarm with no, or minimal, delay when flow is detected.
Accordingly, the invention provides a source of radiation, radiation detector means for producing an electrical output related to the radiation incident upon it, means responsive to the water-flow for intercepting at least a portion of the radiation passing from the radiation source to the detector, and a means responsive to the electrical output of the detector for providing an indication of water-flow after a delay sufficient to avoid nuisance alarms due to transient flow conditions. In the preferred embodiment, the delay is for a predetermined time. Preferably there is a switch for selecting one of several predetermined delay times. Preferably the delay is provided by a circuit including an oscillator and a counter. Preferably there is a means for stopping the oscillator when the indication of water flow is provided. Preferably there is also a means for resetting the counter when the water flow ceases. In the preferred embodiment, the radiation source comprises a radiation-emitting diode and the radiation detector means comprises a photo-transistor.
The water-flow detector provided by the invention is less expensive and more reliable than prior art detectors in addition to meeting the objectives outlined above. Numerous other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a water-flow detector according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is an end view of the detector of FIG. 1 installed in a water pipe;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the mechanical to electrical transducer portion of the invention under normal (no flow) conditions;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the portion of the invention shown in FIG. 3 under water-flow conditions; and
FIG. 5 is a detailed electrical circuit diagram of the electronic assembly portion of the invention.
Directing attention to FIG. 1, an exploded view of the preferred embodiment of the water-flow detector according to the invention, is shown. While the invention will be described in connection with a preferred embodiment, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to that embodiment. The embodiment includes a mechanical assembly 10 and an electrical assembly 11. The mechanical assembly 10 includes a paddle (or vane) 12 that is intended to be inserted within a pipe 14 of a sprinkler-type fire suppressant system. The vane 12 is attached to an arm 15 which passes through a water seal 17 (FIG. 3) and is mounted on a pivot 18. An actuator member 21 is attached to the end 16 of the arm 15 opposite the vane 12. The electrical assembly 11 includes a radiation source 22 (FIGS. 3-5) a radiation detector 23, a timer 24 (FIG. 5) and a relay 25. The electrical assembly 11 is mounted on the mechanical assembly 10 so that actuator member 21 will move (see FIGS. 3 and 4) between radiation source 22 and radiation detector 23 when vane arm 15 pivots. Water flow in pipe 14 in a direction into the drawing of FIG. 2 causes the arm 15 to pivot and member 21 to move between source 22 and detector 23 (FIG. 4) to interrupt the radiation passing from source 22 to detector 23. This causes the electrical output of detector 23 to change which actuates timer 24 (FIG. 5) which counts for a selected delay time and then actuates relay 25 to provide an indication of the water flow. The relay 25 would generally be connected into a fire control panel (FACP) (not shown) and switching it may sound an alarm, flash annunciator lights showing where the flow is occurring, and/or send a signal to a central station where fire fighters would be alerted.
Turning now to a more detailed description of the preferred embodiment (and referring to FIGS. 1 and 2), the mechanical assembly 10 includes u-bolt 30, nuts 31 and 32, pipe saddle 33, gasket 34, vane 12, actuator arm 15, plate 59, actuator member 21, spring 39, screws 45 and support 46. A cover 35 encloses the top portion of the electrical assembly 11 and mechanical assembly 10. The details of the water seal 17 and pivot 18 are shown in the partially-exploded views of FIGS. 3 and 4. Pivot arm 18A is clamped between the under surface of seal 17 and the upper surface of ring 19, which is formed in the top portion of pipe saddle 33. Seal 17 comprises a rubber or rubber-like wafer 17A and a thin metal disk 17B. The flexibility of the seal wafer 17A permits the pivot 18 and arm 15 to move. Except for actuator member 21 and spring 39, the mechanical assembly 10 is conventional and thus only these parts will be discussed in further detail. For example, such assemblies are incorporated in the Series WFD and WFD-10 Vane-Type Water Flow Indicators available from Notifier Company, 3700 North 56th Street, Lincoln, Nebr. 68504.
Actuator member 21 preferably comprises a hollow cylindrical portion 40 and a rectangular portion 41. The cylindrical portion 40 has an inside diameter 42 that is smaller than the end of arm 15. The rectangular portion 41 is preferably approximately 1/4 inch long by 1/2 inch high (along the direction of the axis of cylinder 40) and 1/16 inch thick. It is preferably molded in one piece of a resilient insulative material, such as rubber, silicon rubber, or a flexible plastic material. Cylinder 40 is forced over the end 16 of arm 15 and its elasticity holds it in place. Spring 39 is a coil spring similar to the return spring of the conventional devices referred to above, except that its spring constant is slightly less since it does not have to act against the dashpot to return the vane to normal. Spring 39 preferably includes a hook 38 on one end, which is hooked over arm 15 to connect it to the arm. Screw 45 is screwed into the other end of spring 39 to adjustably attach it to support 46 as in the conventional devices. Spring 39 and screw 45 are preferably made of stainless steel or other non-corrosive material.
Turning to FIGS. 3 and 4, the electrical assembly 11 includes circuit board 50, insulative cylinders, such as 51, screws 53 and 54, washers such as 55, source 22, detector 23 and switch 60 (FIG. 1), as well as other electrical parts which are shown in FIG. 5. For clarity, only the parts named above are shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4. Circuit board 50 is attached to supports 57 and 58 which, are molded into the conventional support plate 59, by means of screws 53 and 54 and lock washers such as 55. In FIG. 4, screw 54, washer 55, and cylinder 51, are shown in exploded view in order to more clearly show their relationship. Screw 54 passes through hole 36 and cylinder 51 and screws into support 57. A similar screw 53 (FIG. 1) passes through a washer (not shown), hole 37 and another cylinder (not shown) and screws into support 58. The cylinders, such as 51, are preferably approximately 3/4 inch long and 1/2 inch in diameter and act as spacers to separate circuit board 50 and plate 59. The source 22 and detector 23 are preferably attached to the circuit board by means of their leads (not shown) and are preferably spaced approximately 1/4 inch apart on either side of the position of member 21 when arm 15 is fully pivoted due to water flow. Switch 60 is preferably placed so that it is easily accessible. Screws 53 and 54 and washers such as 55 are preferably made of stainless steel or other non-corrosive material, cylinders, such as 51, are made of teflon or other rigid insulative material, and circuit board 50 is made of conventional materials. The electrical assembly 11 is preferably enclosed in a case 56 which is open at the side facing plate 59 and is preferably made of fiber board, cardboard or other insulative material.
FIG. 5 shows the preferred electrical circuit according to the invention. It comprises radiation source 22, radiation detector means 23, timer 24 (which includes timer integrated circuit chip 62, resistors 63 and 64 and capacitor 65) relay 25, transistors 70 and 71, zener diode 73, diodes 74, 75 and 76, capacitor 77, and resistors 78 through 86. The numbers, such as 16, located next to the lines into chip 62 are the pin numbers of the chip. Resistors 78 and 79 are connected in series between the 120-volt AC "hot" input 87 and the anode of diode 76. The 24-volt DC input 88 connects between resistors 78 and 79. The cathode of diode 76 connects to the high circuit voltage line 90. Capacitor 77 is connected between the high voltage line 90 and the circuit common or ground 89. Resistor 80, and source 22 are connected in series between high line 90 and the number 16 pin (high voltage terminal) of timer chip 62. Zener diode 73 is connected between the number 16 pin and the number 8 pin (low voltage terminal) of timer 62. The number 8 pin is also connected to ground. The collector of detector 23 (which is preferably a photo-transistor) is connected to the number 16 pin of timer 62, while its emitter is connected to the number 12 pin (reset terminal) through resistor 82 and to ground through resistor 83. The dotted line between source 22 and detector 23 indicates that these components are physically placed so that radiation can flow from one to the other. The number 10 pin of timer 62 is connected to the number 11 pin through resistors 63 and 64. Capacitor 65 is connected between the number 9 pin of timer 62 and the line between resistors 63 and 64. The number 11 pin is also connected to the collector of transistor 71 through resistor 81. The emitter of transistor 71 is connected to ground through diode 75 with the cathode of the diode toward ground. The base of transistor 71 is connected to the base of transistor 70 and to pole 95 of switch 60. Pole 95 is also connected to pin 7 of timer 62 through resistor 84. Poles 91 through 93 of switch 60 are connected to the 3, 2, and 1 pins, respectively, of timer 62. Pole 97 is connected to the number 15 pin of timer 62. Poles 94 and 96 are connected to pole 95. Moveable contact 100 connects pole 94 to 97, and may be moved to connect poles 91, 92 and 93 to poles 94, 95 and 96, respectively, as shown by the dashed lines. The emitter of transistor 70 is connected to ground through resistor 86. The collector of transistor 70 is connected to one side of the coil 98 of relay 25. The other side of the coil 98 of relay 25 is connected to the high voltage line 90. Diode 74 is connected across coil 98. The switch 99 of relay 25 is connected to an alarm (not shown) or other device to signal that water flow has occurred.
Radiation source 22 is preferably an infrared emitting diode, such as the emitter half of a General Electric H23B1 emitter-detector pair. Detector 23 is preferably a photo-transistor, such as the detector half of the General Electric H23B1. Timer 62 is preferably a MC14060B available from Motorola Semiconductors and includes a 14-bit binary counter and an oscillator. Transistors 70 and 71 are preferably type 2N3643. Relay 74 is preferably a type T71L5D132-12 made by P&B (AMF). Switch 60 is a four-position switch with connections as shown. All diodes are preferably type 1N4004. Zener diode 73 is preferably a type 2N5232B (5.7 volt, 1/2 watt). Capacitor 65 is preferably a 0.0047m farad capacitor, and capacitor 77 is 10m farad. Resistors 63 and 83 are 100K ohm, 91 and 84 are 10K ohm, 78 is a 1.75K ohm, 5 watt, 80 is 3.3K ohm, 1/2 watt, 79 is a 100K ohm, 1/2 watt, and 64, 82, 85 and 86 are 470K ohm, 47K ohm, 4.7K ohm, and 18 ohm, respectively.
The function of the components is as follows. Resistors 78 and 79 function as current limiting/voltage dropping resistors when the circuit is connected to 120 Vac. Resistor 79 performs the current limiting/voltage dropping function alone when operating on low voltage D.C. (18-32V F.W.R. or filtered). Diode 76 provides rectification on AC power and polarity reversal protection on D.C. Capacitor 77 provides filtering and transient absorption.
The series circuit comprised of resistor 80, source 22, and Zener diode 73 provides approximately 5.7 volts of ripple free DC across Zener diode 73 to operate timer 62. Resistor 80 limits the current through source 22. When operating from an initiating circuit of a fire alarm control panel (FACP), the current through this series string appears approximately as a 4.7K ohm end-of-line resistor. This current also causes source 22 to emit infrared light to illuminate photodarlington 23. Zener diode 73 also provides transient voltage protection for timer 62.
Photo-transistor 23 saturates when illuminated by source 22. This applies approximately 4.5 to 5 volts to the reset pin of timer 62 through current limiting resistor 82. The application of this "high" voltage to this pin holds the internal counter reset and inhibits the oscillator.
When the illumination from source 22 is blocked, photo-transistor 23 becomes cut-off from radiation. This causes the voltage at pin 12 to go "low" due to the pull-down resistor 83. This "low" appearing at pin 12 removes the reset from the counter and allows the oscillator to run. Timer 62 contains an onboard oscillator which uses resistors 63 and 64 and capacitor 65 as frequency determining components. The preferred frequency of oscillation is 91Hz which yields a period of 11 ms.
The counter contained in timer 62 is a 14 stage binary counter with several of the intermediate stage outputs available. The 213 (pin 3), 212 (pin 2), 211 (pin 1), 29 (pin 15) and 23 (pin 7) outputs are wired to the delay selection switch 60. This provides the following time intervals: 213 �11 ms=90 sec; 212 �11 ms=45 sec; 211 �11 ms=22.5 sec; 29 �11 ms=5.6 sec; and 23 �11 ms=88 ms or approximately 0 sec. These outputs are normally "low" and go "high" when the counter reaches the count represented by the power of 2 shown.
Transistor 70, resistor 86, diode 75 and the base-emitter junction of transistor 71 forms a constant current source of approximately 30 mA. The use of a constant current source has two benefits: it allows relay 74 to operate over a large voltage range; and it provides a predictable and controlled current to activate the FACP initiating circuit.
The current source functions as follows. When the output of timer 62 that is selected by switch 60 goes "high", base current to transistor 70 flows through resistor 85. This allows collector current to flow through relay 25 and also resistor 86. Base drive is also provided to transistor 71 via resistor 85. When the collector current flowing in resistor 86 creates a voltage drop equal to the forward voltage drop across diode 75, any additional base current available through resistor 85 will be diverted into the base of transistor 71. The collector current of transistor 70 is therefore maintained at the current that will produce about 0.6V across resistor 86. Since resistor 86 is an 18 ohm resistor, this current level would be 0.6/18 or approximately 30 mA.
In addition to being part of the constant current source, transistor 71 provides another function. Upon receiving base current from resistor 85, transistor 71 will conduct to common pulling pin 11 of timer 62 "low". This causes the oscillator to stop and allows the counter to hold its count. With the counter suspended at the count that initiated the time out sequence, transistors 70 and 71 will be assured of a continuous supply of base current. This keeps relay 25 pulled in and the alarm current flowing.
When source 22 again illuminates detector 23, a reset signal will be presented to pin 12 of timer 62 resetting the counter. This causes the counter output that was previously "high" to go back "low", removing base drive from transistors 70 and 71 which releases relay 25 and restores normal "end-of-line" current.
Should switch 60, for some reason, not make contact, resistor 84 will provide base current for transistors 70 and 71 (via resistor 85) when the 2 output goes "high". This will happen 88 m sec after the reset is removed from pin 12. This causes an alarm to be transmitted substantially immediately upon flow detection. Normally, the junction of resistors 84 and 85 is held "low" by the output selected by switch 60 so that the "high-going" excursions of the 2 output are not seen by transistors 70 and 71.
Once a timing cycle has been initiated, but not completed, restoring illumination to detector 23 will reset the counter to zero as well as stop the timing process. This ensures that no residule count exists at the start of a new timing cycle thereby eliminating integration effects when presented with a series of short duration periods of flow.
Should the source 22 fail or the optics become coated with dirt, the alarm or other indication of water flow will be generated, thereby providing a fail-safe condition.
The water-flow detector according to the invention overcomes the problems of the prior art and at the same time is less expensive and more reliable. It has discrete time settings that require no trial and error adjustment. Timing accuracy is typically within +or-5%. There is no physical contact required between the flow sensing mechanism and the delay timer/alarm signaling circuitry. Additionally, the circuit has been designed in such a way that components affected by the environment will fail safe; i.e., their failure will result in either an alarm upon failure or an alarm with no delay when flow is detected.
A feature of the invention is that it provides the mechanical-to-electrical transducer at an earlier point in the system than previous water-flow detectors that were deemed to be reliable and safe enough to be used in fire alarm systems. The simplicity of the electronic circuit is one reason for its reliability. It is noted that a number of electronic components, such as source 22 and transistor 71, perform multiple functions and the action of detector 23 on the circuit is simple and direct. These factors permit the number of parts used to be minimized, reducing the chances of failure of the system.
A novel water-flow detector which provides an electronic time-delay function with sufficient reliability and fail-safe features to be used in a fire-alarm system has been described. It is evident that those skilled in the art may now make many uses and modifications of the specific embodiment described, without departing from the inventive concepts. For example, other equivalent electronic parts may be used. The mechanical system for responding to the water-flow may be modified. Indicator means other than a relay may be used. Consequently, the invention is to be construed as embracing each and every novel feature and novel combination of features present in the detection system described.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 7, 1934
|Jul 17, 1934
|Johnson & Johnson
|Hospital dressing package
|Nov 25, 1955
|Jan 6, 1959
|Charles Gondolfo
|Automobile fuel tank alarm
|Feb 17, 1964
|Nov 8, 1966
|Elastic Stop Nut Corp
|Flow rate monitoring systems
|Dec 18, 1967
|Feb 15, 1972
|Combustion Eng
|Flow-responsive circuit
|Jan 24, 1973
|Jun 4, 1974
|Chrysler Corp
|Photo-optical transducer
|Jun 15, 1977
|Apr 24, 1979
|Hochiki Corporation
|Count discriminating fire detection system
|Jul 9, 1980
|Oct 13, 1981
|Electronic Systems Engineering, Inc.
|Beverage flow switch
|Oct 15, 1985
|Dec 13, 1988
|Pittway Corporation
|Water-flow detector
|Mar 22, 1960
|J. Loepsinger Albert
|Water flow alarm device
|Title not available
|Notifier/Emhart Series WFD and WFD 10 Vane Type Water Flow Indicator, Installation Instructions.
|Notifier/Emhart Series WFD and WFD-10 Vane Type Water-Flow Indicator, Installation Instructions.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 8, 1995
|Apr 1, 1997
|Wodeslavsky; Josef
|Fluid drip detector
|Apr 4, 1997
|Dec 8, 1998
|Harwill Corporation
|Photo detector bending beam flow switch and flow meter
|Apr 21, 1998
|Aug 3, 1999
|Harwil Corporation
|Photo detector bending beam flow switch and flow meter
|Apr 13, 1998
|Jul 4, 2000
|Pittway Corporation
|Waterflow detector with electronic timer
|Mar 22, 2000
|Aug 14, 2001
|Pittway Corporation
|Multi-mode waterflow detector with electronic timer
|Feb 16, 2000
|Dec 18, 2001
|Pittway Corporation
|Explosion proof water flow detector
|Nov 30, 2005
|Jul 24, 2012
|Hoffberg Steven M
|Intelligent door restraint
|Aug 1, 2013
|Jun 2, 2015
|Steven M. Hoffberg
|Intelligent door restraint
|Jul 6, 2012
|Sep 1, 2015
|Steven M. Hoffberg
|Intelligent door restraint
|Sep 14, 2010
|Mar 15, 2012
|Jay R. Smith Manufacturing Company
|Roof drain overflow sensor
|Jun 2, 2005
|Dec 29, 2010
|Acoustic fire sensing system
|Jun 2, 2005
|Feb 21, 2007
|Honeywell International
|Acoustic fire sensing system
|Jun 2, 2005
|Mar 17, 2010
|Honeywell Int Inc
|Acoustic fire sensing system
|U.S. Classification
|340/606, 340/610
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Apr 26, 1994
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Sep 18, 1994
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Nov 29, 1994
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19940921


text:
10.4" Tablet Style Kiosks
- Available in 10.4" screen size
- Landscape or portrait
- XGA (1024x768) screen resolution
- High brightness 400 Nit LCD panel with LED backlight
- Tough resistive or projected capacitive touchscreen
- Available in a variety of colors and finishes, to match your brand
- Small form factor with integral VESA mount
- State-of-the-art, fanless, 2.00 GHz Intel Celeron quad core processor with high performance graphics
- Up to 8 GB of RAM and 128GB of solid state storage
- One PCIe expansion slots
- Low power chipset with POE (Power over Ethernet) option
- Preloaded with Windows 7 Embedded operating system
- 4G Wireless
- Three USB ports
- Two serial ports
- 10/100/1000 Ethernet
- 8 Digital I/O lines
Quality & Reliability
- Rugged chassis based commercial unit, designed to withstand abuse
- Fanless long lifetime design, using industrial grade components
- Reliable solid state storage
- Built by us in the USA
- 3 Year Warranty
Even though our kiosks are designed for tight spaces, they can all be fitted with a wide range of fully integrated peripherals. The unique all-in-one design is truly integrated, resulting in a very compact unit with no external wires.
Integrated Printer
Integrated, high speed 3" thermal transfer printer, with paper sensor and no-jam guillotine style cutter.
Integrated Scanner
Imaging based scanner for 2D and 1D barcodes, with support for scanning of QR codes on mobile phone screens.
Integrated Card Reader
Bi-directional three track magnetic strip reader with HID interface and encrypted head for secure implementations.
Integrated Camera
High resolution camera with a wide range of glass lenses.
Near Field Communication
NFC reader with ISO 18092 and Mifare® support. 4 SAM sockets for secure implementations.
|LCD Panel
XGA (1024x768)
|Touch Screen (Standard)
|Four-wire resistive
|Touch Screen (Optional)
|Projected capacitance
|CDMA with integral antenna
|802.11 a/b/g/n/ac
3 x USB 2.0
2 x Serial RS-232
|1 x 10/100/1000 Mbits/s
|Digital IO
|8 x 1bit programmable IO lines
|Intel® Celeron™ J1900 processor. quad core 2.00 GHz clock frequency
Intel Atom SOC Chipset with graphics acceleration and hardware H264 & MPEG2 decoder
|Thermal Design
|Fanless, processor, graphics and IO thermally coupled to chassis
|Programmable 1-255 sec/min
|Real time clock
|On board with UL rated battery backup
|mSata solid state storeage 32, 64, 128 GB available
|System Memory
|4GB DDR3L SODIMM, 8GB available
|Stereo internal, 3W per channel
|3.5 mm external jack
|One Mini-PCI Express expansion slots
|Power Consumption
|17 Watts typical (no optional peripherals)
|VESA 75/100 mm hole pattern
|Dimensions (W x H x D)
Landscape: 11.5" x 10.3" x 1.9" (29.2 cm x 26.0 cm x 4.9 cm)
|5.5 pounds (2.49 Kg) (no optional peripherals)
|0°C to 70°C
|85% non-condensing
|Operating System Options
|Windows® Embedded Standard,
Microsoft® Embedded Compact (CE 6.0), Linux (Ubuntu, Fedora),
|UL Listing available
The exterior of all our kiosks can be customized to fit your business needs and provide a perfect match with your brand
Color and Finish
- Our kiosks are constructed of fire retardant PCABS. Standard finish is .015 depth texturing.
- Kiosks are available off the shelf in white, red, grey and black. We can mold a kiosk in virtually any color
- Kiosks can be painted in virtually any color. Many finishes are available ranging from matte to premium high gloss
Branding and Graphics
- Logos can be created from laminated material and directly bonded to the unit. Many different label types and finishes are available.
- Full size graphics can be applied using a silk screen process to achieve a unique branded look
Form Factor
- For a completely custom look, we can create a custom shape using a vacuum form fabricated to fit snugly over the existing case.
- For larger production runs a completely custom, injection molded case can be created which completely replaces the existing case.
- The kiosk can be supplied without the case, allowing it to be mounted flush within existing equipment, such as a store fixture or vending machine case
We have a full range of mounting options.
Floor Stand
- Stylish design with single pole support
- Heavy base prevents tipping
- Cables pass though hollow upright
- Space under base for equipment such as routers modems etc.
- Available in silver or black
Table Stand
- Sleek minimalist design
- Heavy base prevents tipping
- Kiosk mounts flush to table
- Cable management feature
- Black only
Fixture Mount
- Used to mount kiosk on standard store fixtures, in-line or on an end cap
- Crosspiece design mounts between uprights on standard store fixtures
- Center extension available in multiple lengths
- Screw in mounting clips provide positive lock with uprights
- Made from heavy gauge steel
- Putty or black
- Available in 3ft or 4 ft versions
Gallery Images


text:
Hope College October 2012 : Page 8
Campus Profile Dance Researchers from three academic divisions have worked together on a dance study that has earned international attention Research a Holistic Ideal Hope seniors Ariana Cappuccitti, of Mount Prospect, Ill., and Rachel Cho, of Barrington, Ill., both know that experience first-hand, having been part of the college's dance program. But they've taken that experience one step farther – using their interest in science, as well as dance, to learn about the physiology and psychology behind those feelings. Cho and Cappuccitti have spent the past two years taking part in a unique interdisciplinary research project, involving the departments of dance, biology and psychology, to analyze anxiety levels of dancers and how they differ between rehearsal and performance, as well as before and after performances. "Dancers, performers and athletes all talk about getting in 'the zone,' and this was an empirical way to describe that," said Cappuccitti, a double major in dance and psychology. The study, which involved 73 dance students from Hope, measured the amount of cortisol – a hormone that is released in response to stress – in the saliva of dancers. Participants were also asked about their mental state, before and after rehearsals and before and after performances, through a series of questions. "I was immediately attracted to the research because I have been looking for ways to combine my two passions – dance and science," said Cho, a double major in dance and chemistry who is planning to attend medical school after she graduates from Hope in May. The study found anxiety levels among the dancers were higher before performances than prior to rehearsals. However, dancers with more experience – at least 10 years of training – were less anxious both before taking the stage and after performance, said Linda Graham, professor of dance and the department's chairperson. "We've had the anecdotal evidence (about anxiety levels), but this is data that proves what we already knew," said Professor Graham, who was joined in advising the students on the research project by Dr. Greg Fraley, associate professor of biology, and Dr. Lorna Hernandez Jarvis, professor of psychology and director of general education and interdisciplinary studies. "It shows we need to have performance as a regular and integrated part of our (dance) education curriculum," Professor Graham added. Hope dance students have an opportunity to take part in four student-produced concerts each year, as well as an annual mainstage concert every March and theatre productions. They also can join one of several affiliated companies, including dANCEpROjECt, IDT (formerly InSync Dance Theatre) and Strike Time By Greg Chandler M uch like an athlete who experiences "butterflies" in his or her stomach in anticipation of a big game, dancers often go through similar feelings of nervousness and anxiety before they take the stage to perform. The interdisciplinary study has earned a variety of honors, including being chosen for presentation this month during the annual International Association of Dance Medicine and Science conference in Singapore. The student researchers are pictured last spring at a venue closer to home, the college's annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Performance at the DeVos Fieldhouse. From left to right are Allyson Dreger '12, senior Rachel Cho, Heather Stiff '12 and senior Ariana Cappuccitti. 8 News News From From Hope Hope College College
Dance Research a Holistic Ideal
Greg Chandler
Read the full article at http://digital.ipcprintservices.com/article/Dance+Research+a+Holistic+Ideal/1209369/130328/article.html.
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There it is: the sad and altogether boring indoor rug you've been neglecting. Isn't it time you gave it a new stenciled life filled with color, pattern and stylish design? YES! Who better to show you how than DIY Goddess Marian from Miss Mustard Seed? Marian noted that rugs can be very expensive and she decided to take a more creative route by using a bargain jute rug find and transforming it with paint and stencils! She wanted a Swedish design for the rug and chose the Daisy Chain Wall Stencil Border as her perfect pattern. The stencil is from the versatile Border Stencils Collection.
Marian used paint and a large rounded brush to stencil the rug. The best brush for this project is the 2" Stencil Brush from Royal Design Studio as it is large and sturdy -- it's works beautifully for softer materials such as fabric, too. Stencils with rough texture, like sisal and jute, are very forgiving if you have had the excess paint off-loaded from the stencil brush. Marian held the stencil in place during her project and worked all four sides easily. She added a daisy in each of the corners, so "the design visually wrapped around the entire border of the rug". Please do read her Stenciled Jute Rug tutorial for the details on the entire project. We love the part where it took her all of 15 minutes to stencil her rug into a design element to show off proudly. Sounds like a No Pain, All Gain situation!
Are her results just lovely? SO perfect for the room! Now you know there's no longer a need to hide that dingy rug in a back room! Stenciling a rug is one of the most fun, easy and satisfying DIY projects you could do, especially if you are stencil newbie! In fact, be sure to visit our How to Stencil resources on the Royal Design Studio website for great tips and tutorials on all types of surfaces you can transform! Happy Stenciling!
Want to be floored by MORE stenciled rug projects? Click on the links below!


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NEW YORK (Apr. 26)
The World Jewish Congress issued a strong statement expressing "profound shock" at the verdict last week by a court in Dusseldorf acquitting three former guards and a doctor at the Maidanek concentration camp who were accused of murder and complicity in murder of Jews and other victims at the camp. The court ruled that it was freeing the four for lack of positive identification.
The statement, issued by Philip Klutznick, WJC president, declared: "The acquittal can be explained only by the unparalleled freedom which the Dusseldorf court gave to the defense counsels in harassing the witnesses, mostly old and broken survivors of Maidanek.
"It was due to these tactics that doubts could be cast on the massive evidence and that the trial was dragged out for three years. Particular criticism must be leveled against the separate verdicts in respect of four defendants at this stage because the trial against the other (nine) accused (former guards at Maidanek) is still expected to last one or two years and may well bring to light new evidence incriminating the four acquitted Nazis."
When the verdict was announced last Thursday, it touched off a near riot among spectators in the court who overturned benches and shouted, "Nazi murderers."
In related actions, Belgian resistance fighters and former deportees issued a communique in Brussels protesting against the acquittal of the four ex-Nazis. The communique also called on the West German government and the Bundestag to abolish the statute of limitations on the prosecution of Nazi war criminals.
In Tel Aviv, the World Federation of Polish Jewry also issued a strong protest against the Dusseldorf court decision. In a cable to West Germany's Justice Minister Hans Vogel, Anselm Reiss, president of the Federation, said that "on the national memorial day for the victims of the Nazi regime and the heroes of the ghetto fighters, we strongly protest against the acquittal of the Maidanek murderers."
At the same time, Tuvia Friedman, head of the Israeli Documentation Center, has proposed a $100,000 award to any person or group that will find Dr. Joseph Mengele, the man who sent two million Jews to the gas chambers in Auschwitz and Birkenau. According to Friedman, the award would be paid half by the Israeli government and half by the Jewish Agency on behalf of world Jewry. "Locating, arresting and bringing to trial Dr. Mengele, who has succeeded in escaping trial (and now reportedly is residing in Paraguay), is a mission not only Israel is interested in but the entire Jewish nation which should participate in the effort to apprehend this murderer," Friedman stated.
Meanwhile, in Dusseldorf, a former Maidanek comp survivor, Rachel Nurman, 55, of New York City, accused Hildegard Laechert, 59, a former Maidanek camp guard, one of the nine accused, of kicking to death and drowning child prisoners at the camp. Nurman, appearing as a witness Tuesday in the Maidanek camp trial, pointed to Laechert and said prisoners at the camp called her "Bloody Brigitta." The former guard is charged with killing 1180 prisoners. Nurman also told the court that Laechert and another of the nine accused, Hermine Ryan Braunsteiner, a New York housewife who was extradited for the trial, herded children onto trucks destined for the gas chamber.


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REMINDER: STRANGE BEDFELLOWS exhibition opens Monday 3/17
Contributed by Mara Baldwin on 03/16/14
STRANGE BEDFELLOWS: Collaborative Practice in Queer Art
Curated by Amy Cancelmo
March 17—April 11, 2014
Opening Reception, March 20, 4.30 p.m.–6.30 p.m.
Strange Bedfellows is a nationally traveling exhibition and catalogue exploring collaborative practice in queer art making curated by San Francisco art historian Amy Cancelmo and fiscally sponsored by the Queer Cultural Center (San Francisco). This exhibition offers a multiplicity of perspective on the queer experience and a variety of strategies for collaboration including political organizing, empathy, intersubjective identity, appropriation, familial relations, and romantic partnership.
Five of the artists featured in Strange Bedfellows will visit the Ithaca College campus over the course of the exhibition. These include:
All Handwerker Gallery events are free and open to the public. Gallery hours are Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 10.00 a.m. to 6.00 p.m.; Thursday, 10.00 a.m. to 9.00 p.m.; and weekends, noon to 5.00 p.m.. The gallery is closed to the public on Tuesdays unless otherwise specified for an event but can accommodate group or class visits by appointment.
For further information or individuals with disabilities requiring parking accommodations, please contact Mara Baldwin at email@example.com or 607.274.3548. Please make requests for accommodations as far in advance as possible.
Image Credit: Amos Mac with Juliana Huxtable LaDosha
© Copyright Ithaca College. All rights reserved; unauthorized use prohibited. All material on this server is produced by our community but, except for designated pages, is neither approved nor verified by Ithaca College.


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The construction company responsible for the North La Cañada Drive widening project has filed a $4 million defamation lawsuit against a trade organization that represents many specialty construction contractors.
Select Development and Construction filed the suit against the Alliance of Construction Trades (ACT) on July 7 in Pima County Superior Court.
The complaint accuses ACT and its executive director, James Kuelish, of defamation, invasion of privacy, false light and interference with contractual relations for comments Kuelish allegedly made to a gathering of 150 people at an ACT meeting in February.
Kuelish has been outspoken about the $18.7 million La Cañada project, suggesting in a local media report that the county break its contract with Select and sue the company.
Ana Olivares, deputy Pima County transportation director, confirmed the county has received complaints from several of Select's subcontractors who said they had not been paid for work done on the La Cañada widening.
She said the department has been in contact with Select regarding payment of subcontractors.
Two companies have filed lawsuits in Pima County Superior Court against Select alleging nonpayment for work and supplies. Those cases are pending.
Brian Neal, president of Select Development and Construction, said the company did not want to comment on a matter pending in court.
The Select lawsuit says Kuelish encouraged "the general contractors, subcontractors and material suppliers in attendance to not do business with (Select)."
It also says Kuelish encouraged the people in attendance to hamper Select's chances of winning future government bids by inflating their subcontracting proposals to Select.
Select also accuses Kuelish of telling people the bond Select put up as insurance for the project contained false information.
Kuelish's stated purpose in "publishing the false/defamatory information regarding Select is to run Plaintiff out of town," the complaint reads.
Attorney Neal Eckel, who represents Kuelish and ACT, would not comment on the specific allegations other than to say an answer to the complaint would be filed with the court soon.
The dispute stems in part from the contentious and delayed La Cañada Drive widening between West Ina and River roads. Select is the prime contractor on the $18.7 million project, which was originally scheduled for completion in April.
There were some delays as a result of construction crews uncovering previously unknown utility infrastructure, which prompted the county to give the company some time extensions in order to deal with the unforeseen issues.
But in June, Transportation Department officials informed Select that if the road was not complete by July 2, the company would be assessed $2,500 per day until the project is complete.
Select has filed its own $3.2 million claim against the county, contending its work was hindered because the engineering company hired by the county to oversee the work did not respond promptly to problems.
Olivares said the county has held firm on the threat and began charging the company for the delays.
Select also has the county contract for the $9.9 million West Magee Road improvement project.


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BWW TV: Cyndi Lauper and KINKY BOOTS Cast Give Special Preview for Fashion's Night Out! (Embed Video)
Kinky Boots, the highly anticipated new musical that brings together four-time Tony® Award-winner Harvey Fierstein (Book) and Grammy® Award-winning rock icon Cyndi Lauper (Music & Lyrics), will begin preview performances on Broadway at the Al Hirschfeld Theatre (302 West 45th Street) on Tuesday, March 5, 2013, with an official opening night set for Thursday, April 4, 2013. Yesterday, September 6, as part of this year's Fashion's Night Out, Cyndi Lauper introduced a special performance of "Sex is in the Heel" by the cast of Kinky Boots at the Manolo Blahnik boutique (31 W 54th Street). BroadwayWorld was there for the special event and we bring you an inside look below!


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A Road Not Taken
The Story of the Jimmy Carter White House Solar Installation
You may not remember this but in 1979, President Jimmy Carter installed solar panels on the roof of the White House West Wing.
The panels, which were used to heat water for the staff eating area, were a symbol of a new solar strategy that Carter had said was going to "move our Nation toward true energy security and abundant, readily available, energy supplies."
But in 1986, President Ronald Reagan removed the solar panels while the White House roof was being repaired. They were never reinstalled.
In 1991, the panels were retrieved from government storage and brought to the environmentally-minded Unity College about an hour southeast of Bangor, Maine. There, with help of Academy Award winning actress Glenn Close, the panels were refurbished and used to heat water in the cafeteria up until 2005. They are still there, although they no longer function.
Swiss directors Christina Hemauer and Roman Keller follow the route the panels took, using them as a backdrop to explore American oil dependency and the lack of political will to pursue alternative energy sources.
In the movie «A Road Not Taken», the filmmakers took two solar panels from Unity, placed them in the back of two students' 1990 Dodge Ram pick-up truck (which had been retrofitted to run on vegetable oil) and delivered one of them to the Jimmy Carter Library & Museum in Atlanta and the other to the National Museum of American History in Washington.
In 1979, Carter warned, "a generation from now, this solar heater can either be a curiosity, a museum piece, an example of a road not taken, or it can be just a small part of one of the greatest and most exciting adventures ever undertaken by the American people – harnessing the power of the sun to enrich our lives as we move away from our crippling dependence on foreign oil."
It turns out Carter's warning was at least partially correct: two of his solar panels are museum pieces now.
Genre: Documentary
DVD Region Code: No Zone
Running Time: 66 min.
Rating: no rating
Package Type: Hardcover book in slim DVD case size
(192 x 135 x 10 mm, 7.4 x 5.3 x 0.4 "), cellophane wrapped
Pages: 64
Number of discs: 1 DVD-5
Directors: Christina Hemauer | Roman Keller
Original Language: English
Closed Captioned: yes
Subtitles: German, French, Italian, Spanish, Chinese and English
Aspect Ratio: 16:9
Audio Format: Dolby stereo
Bonus: 24 min.
Sito ufficiale


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Ken Layne, writes that the authorities have denied the rewards promised to those who helped them find cop-killer Christopher Dorner. [The Awl]
Three brave heroes who survived their encounters with Dorner have since claimed the reward, but the stingy governments and groups who offered the money now refuse to pay because Dorner somehow didn't survive an army of cops roasting and demolishing the mountain cabin he holed up inside for his last stand.
After the LAPD's gung-ho public rampage in search of Dorner, a final insult to the people they ostensibly serve seems entirely appropriate. Update: Commenter Ethan points out, though, that the LAPD itself is planning to honor reward offers: "It's the city of Riverside that withdrew the reward. Irvine is still planning to pay it out as is LA. The LAPD Deputy Chief said it would be disingenuous to deny the reward because Dorner was killed."


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A whole article about the San Diego Chicken and not one mention of "The Baseball Bunch?" Johnny Bench must have some powerful lawyers.
For 35 years, Ted Giannoulas has jumped and run — and flattened Barney — at ballparks across America, climbing into a feathered costume to go to work as the San Diego Chicken.
"It's the one magic elixir that keeps me young," he says.
Yet the bumps and bruises on Giannoulas don't heal nearly as quickly as they used to. He is in the twilight of a long and lucrative career playing to audiences large and small, and acknowledged that this could be the San Diego Chicken's final season. The gigs aren't there like they used to be. Nearly every team in the NFL, NBA, NHL and MLB have their own licensed mascots — a trend inspired in part by the San Diego Chicken's popularity so many years ago — and Giannoulas has cut back his schedule in recent years. Down from a high of about 250 games each year in his heyday, Giannoulas said he'll leave his San Diego home for just 50 appearances this summer.
"At the end of this season I'll make a determination if I think I can go another season. I can't say for certain. I'll just see how my body feels, what my energy level might be going forward," Giannoulas said. "The fun and energy is still at the ballpark. I still get a charge out of it."
He still makes a ton of money doing it too. Those 50 appearances this year are going to make Giannoulas six figures, according to the article. And it's not like there can be a ton of overhead. I mean, it's pretty much man + chicken suit, right?


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|From: Neil Van Dyke (neil at neilvandyke.org)
Date: Sun Apr 8 04:58:39 EDT 2012
Any comments on this before I do it in McFly? So that McFly can assemble and test PLaneT packages *without accidentally including/using files that are not intended to be in the PLaneT package*, I wanted to have an explicit manifest. Specifically, I was thinking an "info.rkt" variable named "mcfly-planet-include-files" that itemized any files other than the the defaults that McFly can ``infer'' (e.g., "info.rkt", "main.rkt", "doc.scrbl", walking package-internal "require"s, and walking "(doc include ...)"s). For most PLaneT packages, "mcfly-planet-include-files" would not need to be specified, since McFly can infer all the necessary files. There might also be a "mcfly-planet-exclude-files" variable, for the rare situation in which the package developer wished to exclude inferred files. -- http://www.neilvandyke.org/
|Posted on the users mailing list.


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This week UFC officials are inviting fans in the Toronto area to come out to the free and open to the public UFC 140 open workouts and pre-fight press conference.
UFC 140 takes place this Saturday, December 10th at the Air Canada Center in Toronto, Canada and is headlined by a light heavyweight title fight featuring Jon Jones and Lyoto Machida.
First on the agenda are the open workouts which are set to take place tomorrow, Dec. 7 at Xtreme Couture Toronto, located at 700 Kipling Ave. Doors open at 11:30 a.m. (local time) and fighters from the top three bouts of the pay-per-view card will put on a display of technique and work up a sweat for the fans and media in attendance just thirty-minutes later at noon.
The pre-fight press conference takes place the following day (Thursday, Dec. 8) from the TIFF Bell Lightbox, Cinema 1, located at 350 King Street West. Doors open to the public at noon and the press conference will go down just one-hour later.
We have been notified that space is limited and fan entry is on a first-come-first-serve basis.
The complete lineup for UFC 140 includes:
MAIN CARD: (Pay-per-view)
Champ Jon Jones vs. Lyoto Machida (for light-heavyweight title)
Frank Mir vs. Antonio Rodrigo Nogueira
Antonio Rogerio Nogueira vs. Tito Ortiz
Brian Ebersole vs. Claude Patrick
Mark Hominick vs. Chan Sung Jung
PRELIMINARY CARD: (ION Television)
Igor Pokrajac vs. Krzysztof Soszynski
Jared Hamman vs. Constantinos Philippou
Dennis Hallman vs. John Makdessi
Yves Jabouin vs. Walel Watson
PRELIMINARY CARD: (Facebook)
Mark Bocek vs. Nik Lentz
Rich Attonito vs. Jake Hecht
John Cholish vs. Mitch Clarke
Click here for the latest UFC 140 coverage provided by BJPENN.COM


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Called Paperback
The Journey to Becoming a Women of Strength
by Becky Galloway;
In Stock - Order before 4pm for same day dispatchWant it on Friday 25 August?
Order within 18 hours and 59 minutes for delivery on Friday 25 August when you choose Next Day Delivery at the Checkout
Offer price: £4.94 Free Delivery when you spend £10
Price and PurchaseOffer price: £4.94 Go to Basket
Full Product Description
Becky Galloway has an important message for this generation of Christian women – you are 'Called' by God as mothers to lead in the local church.
Can you be in leadership and be a mother?
Can you only be one or the other?
Does one have to suffer, or can these two responsibilities be balanced?
Becky began to teach a group of women in her local church and soon realised the need was great. Becky found that many women thought – or have been told by others – that leadership and motherhood don't mix. In others word, choose one or the other. The result is many women are frustrated and many others lack personal fulfilment and, as a result, the Church is falling apart.
When the women God has called don't step into leadership or ministry, a domino effect begins. The Church lacks the woman's gifting – the ministry is under-resourced – child lack a female role model to inspire them in serving within the Church – and the cycle repeats in a continuous loops!
'Called' contains all the biblical teaching, encouragement and inspiration to strengthen a woman's heart and empower a woman's mind. This book is not a Bible study, it's a quick read to re-align your goals and support you in stepping into your true, God-given calling.
Becky Galloway, alongside her husband James, is Lead Pastor at Breathe City Church. She is mother to three wonderful children whom she is passionate about growing up in the House of God. She is committed to people and to the local church being a spectacular statement and central to the world.
Becky has pioneered many of BCC's ministries and mentoring programmes throughout the life of the church. She is fixed on seeing a generation of "Proverbs 31" women and girls rise up and become all that they are called to be!
As well as this, Becky has seen a ten-year dream come true. Stronger is a residential programme in the city, home to young women and young mums, together with their children, that provides a one-year programme for those who want to become "stronger".
Becky is a gifted communicator and her attention to detail, enthusiasm and heart for the house and love for people is infectious. She inspires those she leads to be the same.
Called by Becky Galloway was published by River Publishing in January 2013 and is our 5625th best seller. The ISBN for Called is 9781908393265.
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Publisher's Description
Many women think - or have been influenced by others to think - that they cannot successfully be both a leader or involved in ministry, and a great mother. As a result, many are living with frustration and a lack of personal fulfilment. For Becky this has further consequences: the Church misses out on the input of their gifting; ministries are under-resourced; children miss out on a female role model to demonstrate how to serve in the Church in ministries other than the obvious historic ones.
Beckys hope is that this book will set women free to become all that God has called them to be: women of strength who are empowered to serve and, in turn, have a heart to empower and release the next generation of strong, godly women.
Details for Called
|Page last updated
|19th August 2017
|Author / Artist
|Becky Galloway
|Book Format
|River Publishing (January 2013)
|Number of Pages
|9 mm
|216 mm
|140 mm
|Product Code


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Be the hero in this exciting adventure!
Evil wizard Malvel has stolen a magical dagger, and seeks to control the peaceful land of Gorgonia.
Can YOU defeat the two terrifying Beasts that guard the dagger, Marlik the Drowning Terror and Klaxa the Armoured Enemy?
Tom and Elenna will be by your side, but beware - by choosing the wrong path your Quest will fail and you may not survive...
4 collector's cards included.
About the Author
Adam Blade is in his late twenties, and was born in Kent, England. He was fascinated by the ancient sword and shield that hung in his father's office. As a boy, Adam would spend days imagining who could have first owned the sword and shield. Eventually, he created a character - Tom, the bravest boy warrior of them all. The idea for Beast Quest was born. When he's not writing Beast Quest books, Adam enjoys visiting museums and ancient battle sites. His main hobbies are fencing and football. He also spends a lot of time at home running around after his two exotic pets - a tarantula named Ziggy, and a capuchin monkey named Omar. These little rascals were the inspiration for two of the Beasts that Tom faces on his Quest - Arachnid and Claw. Sadly, Adam does not have his own Fire-Dragon or Horse-Man. But he really wishes he did!
Spot-on for getting boys hooked on books while hardly even noticing they're reading. [Cork Evening Echo] If you like adventures you will love this book. [First News] Good for the reluctant reader. [mum sense]
Series: Beast Quest
Audience: Children
For Ages: 7 - 10 years old
For Grades: 4 - 6
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Number Of Pages: 128
Published: 7th April 2011
Publisher: Hachette Children's Group
Country of Publication: GB
Dimensions (cm): 19.9 x 13.2 x 1.4
Weight (kg): 0.137
Edition Number: 1


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Does it help to protect the phone from potential glass shattering or is it mostly a decrative case? I drop my phone a lot and need good protection.
2 Answers from the Community
I have had these cases for a while now- have a few different colours and over different models- I can say I have accidentally dropped my phone a few times and the case has protected it very well. The cases are a snug fit and because it has a slight lip on the cover when your phone it placed in it when dropped the glass doesn't touch the ground thus preventing any unwanted damage.
Would highly recommend they are great cases.
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Covered areas are protected.
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"People look at you and me to see what they are supposed to be. And, if we don't disappoint them, maybe, just maybe, they won't disappoint us."
Related quotes
"Relationships are like glass. Sometimes its better to leave them broken instead of hurting yourself putting them back together."
"Women marry men hoping they will change. Men marry women hoping they will not. So each is inevitably disappointed."
"A lot of people are assuming after Intel's disappointment that Texas Instruments will also disappoint."
"Disappointment is a sort of bankruptcy -- the bankruptcy of a soul that expends too much in hope and expectation."


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The Ansel Adams Gallery has added a very special extra element to the prize for the winner of the Monochromal portfolio category in the 2013 Travel Photographer of the Year (TPOTY) awards. During their prize trip, the winner will visit the gallery and enjoy a private fine print viewing of Ansel Adams' original photographs. In addition to Monochromal, (TPOTY) 2013 has two other portfolio categories, two single image categories, an HD video category, a New Talent award and a Young Travel Photographer of the Year award. Images can be submitted as prints or uploaded online, and HD video entries submitted on DVD by post. Entries close on 1st October.
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Discover a wide range of digital cameras at low prices. Buy cheap cameras from Sony and Canon. Share your photos thanks to digital photo frames.
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Radiogenic vaccines were a class of medications designed to protect an individual against radiation exposure.
In 2377, the hologram of Reginald Barclay, after being reprogrammed by DaiMon Nunk, provided the crew of the USS Voyager with inoculations that would supposedly protect them against geodesic radiation. The Doctor, however, noticed that they were similar to standard Federation radiogenic vaccines, and would not be sufficient. (VOY: "Inside Man")


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Could Pa. liquor privatization reignite this year?
The past week saw state Capitol developments in the public debate over how to reduce the cost of Pennsylvania public employee pensions and fund transportation infrastructure.
They're both issues that could easily have been abandoned after a full-court press by Republican Gov. Tom Corbett this summer failed to win the Legislature's approval.
Conspicuously missing have been signs of movement regarding a third agenda item of Corbett's that also stalled in the Legislature: privatizing the sales of wine and hard liquor in a state known for its Prohibition-era restrictions.
It's hardly dead, however. And with Republican majorities in both chambers and support among some of the state's most powerful politicians, liquor privatization could easily re-emerge in the year left before the current legislative session expires.
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