text:
Chevrolet C/K
|Chevrolet/GMC C/K
|General Motors
|Also called
|1960–2000 (United States)
1962–1999 (Canada)
1965-2002 (Mexico)
1964–2001 (Brazil)
1975–1982 (Chile)
1960–1978 (Argentina)
1986–1991 (Argentina by Sevel)
1960-present (Korea and China/East Asia)
|Body and chassis
|Full-size pickup truck
|Body style
|2-door regular cab
2-door extended cab
3-door extended cab
4-door crew cab
|Front engine, rear-wheel drive / four-wheel drive
|Task Force
|Chevrolet Silverado
The C/K was Chevrolet and GMC's full -size pickup truck line from 1960 until 2000 in the United States, from 1965 to 1999 in Canada, from 1964 to 2001 in Brazil, and from 1975 to 1982 in Chile. The first Chevrolet pickup truck was introduced in 1924, though in-house designs did not appear until 1930. "C" indicated two-wheel drive and "K" indicated four-wheel drive. The aging C/K light-duty pickup truck was replaced with the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra names in 1999 in the United States and Canada, and 2001 in Brazil; the Chevrolet Silverado HD and GMC Sierra HD heavy-duty pickup trucks followed. Until this time, the names Silverado and Sierra were used to identify the trim level of the C/K trucks.
For the first Chevrolet C Series, made from 1911 to 1913, see Chevrolet Series C Classic Six (the first Chevy).
- 1 First generation 1960–1966
- 2 Second generation 1967–1972
- 3 Third generation 1973–1987
- 4 Fourth generation 1988–1998 (GMT400)
- 5 Brazilian versions
- 6 See also
- 7 References
- 8 External links
First generation 1960–1966[edit]
|First generation
|Also called
– C40 to C80 (medium- & heavy-duty models)
– 2500
– 3000 to 6500 (medium- & heavy-duty models)
|Pontiac West Assembly, Pontiac, Michigan
Dover, England
Seoul, South Korea
Shanghai, China
Oshawa, Ontario
Buenos Aires, Argentina
|Body and chassis
|Chevrolet Suburban
|230 in3 (3.8 L) I6
236 in3 (3.9 L) I6
250 in3 (4.1 L) I6
261 in3 (4.3 L) I6
292 in3 (4.8 L) I6
305 in3 (5.0 L) V6
283 in3 (4.6 L) V8
327 in3 (5.3 L) V8
|3-speed synchromesh manual
4-speed synchromesh manual
2-speed Powerglide automatic[1]
|115 in (2,921 mm) (short box: ½-ton models)[1]
127 in (3,226 mm) (long box: ½-ton & ¾-ton models)
133 in (3,378 mm) (1-ton models)
|186.875 in (4,747 mm) SWB[2]
206 in (5,232 mm) Standard[2]
216.25 in (5,493 mm) LWB[2]
|78.75 in (2,000 mm)[2]
|71.25 in (1,810 mm)[2]
The 1960 model year introduced a new body style of light pick-up truck that featured many firsts. Most important of these were a drop-center ladder frame, allowing the cab to sit lower, and independent front suspension, giving an almost car-like ride in a truck. Also new for 1960 was a new designation system for trucks made by GM. Gone were the 3100, 3200, and 3600 designations for short 1/2, long 1/2 and 3/4-ton models. Instead, a new scheme assigned a 10, 20, or 30 for 1/2, 3/4, and 1-ton models. Since 1957, trucks were available from the factory as four-wheel drive, and the new class scheme would make this known. A C (conventional) in front of the series number indicates two-wheel rear drive while a K denotes four-wheel drive.
Actual badging on Chevrolet trucks carried the series name system from the previous generation in 1960 and 1961: the 10, 20, 30, and 40 series (C and K) were badged as "Apaches", 50 and 60 series trucks were badged as "Vikings", and the largest 70 and 80 series models were marked "Spartans". In 1960, C/K trucks were available in smooth "Fleetside" or fendered "Stepside" versions. GMC called these "Wide-Side" and "Fenderside." Half-ton models were the C10 and K10 long-bed and short-bed trucks, and The 3/4-ton C20 and K20, as well as the one-ton C30, were also available. GMC did not use the "C" nomenclature, though their 4x4 versions had the "K" designation. GMC model numbers for 1/2, 3/4, 1, and 1.5 ton were 1000, 1500, 2500, and 3000. The 1.5 ton Chevrolet C40 and GMC 3000, which were using the light-duty cab[3][4] (but only as chassis-cab and stake models), were discontinued for the 1963 model year.[4][5]
The 1960, 1961, and 1962 models used torsion bar front suspensions, with trailing arm suspension rears. Trim lines were base and "Custom." Engines included the base GMC 305 in3 V6 for the GMC version, 135 hp (101 kW) 236 in3 (3.9 L) and 150 hp (112 kW) 261 in3 (4.3 L) straight-6s, and a 283 in3 (4.6 L) V8 with 185 hp (119 kW).
A coil-spring front suspension came in 1963, along with a new base engine, a 140 hp (104 kW) 230 in3 (3.8 L) I6, and an optional 165 hp (123 kW) 292 in3 (4.8 L) I6. The cab was changed for 1964, with elimination of the "wraparound" windshield and a new front grille design, along with various interior changes, keeping the original design on the body. Air conditioning and a 220 hp (164 kW) 327 in3 (5.3 L) V8 came in 1965. A new base engine finished the model in 1966 with a 155 hp (116 kW) 250 in3 (4.1 L) I6.
Medium- & heavy-duty models[edit]
Medium-duty trucks were:
- 1½-ton Chevrolet C40 / GMC 3000 (1960–62), with the light-duty cab;
- Chevrolet C50 and C60;
- GMC 3500, 4000 and 5000.
Heavy-duty trucks were:
- Chevrolet C60-H[6] (a C60 with a heavier GVWR: 22,000 lbs instead of 19,500 lbs), C70 (1960–61) and C80;
- Chevrolet tandem rear axle models M60 (1963–66), M70 (1960–61) and M80 (1962–66);
- GMC 5500, 6000 and 6500;
- GMC tandem rear axle models W5000, W5500 and W6500.
Second generation 1967–1972[edit]
|Second generation
|Atlanta, Georgia
Baltimore, Maryland
Pontiac, Michigan
Flint, Michigan
Tarrytown, New York
Kansas City, Missouri
St. Louis, Missouri
Janesville, Wisconsin
Norwood, Ohio
Fremont, California
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Seoul, South Korea
Dover, England
Shanghai, China
|Body and chassis
|Chevrolet Silverado
Chevrolet K5 Blazer
Chevrolet Suburban
250 cu in (4.1 L) I6
|3-speed manual
4-speed Muncie SM420 manual
4-speed Muncie SM465 manual
4-speed New Process NP435 manual
2-speed Powerglide automatic
3-speed THM-350 automatic
3-speed THM-400 automatic
|115 in (2,921 mm) (short box)
127 in (3,226 mm) (long box)
133 in (3,378 mm) (Longhorn)
|188.5 in (4,788 mm) (short box)
207.75 in (5,277 mm) (long box)
213.75 in (5,429 mm) (Longhorn Fleetside)
217.75 in (5,531 mm) (Longhorn Stepside)
A new, more modern look came in 1967, along with a new nickname: "Action Line". It was with this revision of the C/K truck that General Motors began to add comfort and convenience items to a vehicle line that had previously been for work purposes alone. The majority of 10 series and some 20 series Chevrolet trucks from 1967 to 1972 were equipped with a coil spring trailing arm rear suspension, which greatly improved the ride over traditional leaf springs. However, the leaf spring rear suspension was still available on those trucks, and standard on 30 series trucks. GMC-branded trucks came standard with leaf springs in the rear, with the coil spring/trailing arm design optional. All 2-wheel drive trucks came with independent front suspension, while 4x4's used a conventional solid axle with leaf springs. 1967 was the only year for the "small rear window" (RPO A10 offered a large rear window as a factory option[7]). The standard drivetrain was a three-speed manual transmission and one of two engines; the 250 in3 straight six or the 283 cu in (4.6 L) V8. Optional transmissions were several different four-speed manuals, the Powerglide 2-speed automatic, or the Turbo-Hydramatic 350 and 400 3-speed automatic.The 292 six and the 327 in3 V8 were optional engines. 10-series trucks came with a 6 x 5.5–inch bolt pattern, the 3/4 and 1 ton trucks came with an 8 x 6.5–inch bolt pattern.
The most visible change in differentiating a 1968 from a 1967 was the addition of side-marker reflectors on all fenders. Also, the small rear window cab was no longer available (the C40 and C60 medium duty trucks retained the small window). The GMC grille was revised, with the letters "GMC" no longer embossed in the horizontal crossbar. Another addition was the Custom Comfort and Convenience interior package that fell between the Standard cab and CST cab options. In 1968, Chevrolet celebrated 50 years of truck manufacturing, and to commemorate, they released a 50th Anniversary package, which featured an exclusive white-gold-white paint scheme. Also in 1968, the 307 and 396 CID V8's were added as well as the Longhorn model on 3/4 ton trucks. Featuring a 133-inch wheelbase, the Longhorn added an extra 6 inches to the bed. Longhorns, interestingly, were only 2wd; no factory Longhorn 4x4 was built.
The 327 c.i. V-8 engine (220-240 gross HP in '67-8) was dropped in 1969 in favor of the 350 CID variant rated at 255 gross HP. Along with the new engines came a new grille design for Chevrolet trucks and a more upright hood for both Chevrolet and GMC trucks. A utility variant, known as the K5 Blazer, was also introduced with a shorter wheelbase of 104 inches (2,642 mm). The GMC version, known as the Jimmy, was introduced the same year. Some internal cab changes were also made, most notably the switch from a hand-operated parking brake to a foot pedal, and a more modern looking two-spoke steering wheel with plastic horn button replaced the previous year's three-spoke wheel with chrome horn button. Also new this year were upper and lower side moldings, which added another two-tone paint option. These were standard on CST trucks, and optional in any other trim level.
The only noticeable change for 1970 was a minor update to the Chevrolet grille. At first glance, the 1969 and 1970 grilles look very similar. However, the 1970s plastic inserts actually have highlights that divide the appearance into six separate sections. The 396, while still sold as such, was enlarged to 402 cubic inches starting in 1970.
Numerous changes occurred in 1971. First came another new grille design (the "egg crate") for Chevrolet trucks and black paint over portions of the GMC grille. Second, an additional trim package was introduced: the Cheyenne. On GMC models, this was referred to as the Sierra. These packages consisted mostly of comfort features — nicer interiors, more padding and insulation, carpet, chrome trim, and upper and lower side molding and tailgate trim. 1971 was the first year for AM/FM radios factory installed. Finally, the front brakes on all light-duty trucks were switched from drum brakes to disc brakes, resulting in much less brake fade under heavy use. While prior C/K half-ton trucks had used a six-lug bolt pattern (6 x 5.5") for the wheels, two-wheel-drive models switched to a five-lug pattern (5 x 5–inch bolt circle) common to Buick, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, and Cadillac passenger cars. The 1/2 ton 4 x 4 retained the 6 lug bolt pattern. This bolt pattern would remain the standard through the end of the C/K series (along with the Chevrolet/GMC vans). The 20 and 30-series trucks had the 8 x 6.5" pattern. Also, Chevrolet changed the 396 V8 emblem designation to 400 V8.
The 1972 models were very similar to the 1971 models, with the only change being the rear view mirror was glued to the windshield rather than bolted to top of the cab, and metal or vinyl-covered flat door panels were no longer available; all trim level door panels were molded plastic with integral armrests and wood grain inserts on Cheyenne and Sierra trim levels. For restoration, it should also be noted that the door and window cranks were slightly longer due to the molded plastic door panels, and the vent windows were now secured with a single screw on the inside of the door, thus differentiating it from the 1971 model year.
|Inline 6
|250 in3
292 in3
|250 in3
292 in3
|250 in3
292 in3
|250 in3
292 in3
|250 in3
292 in3
|250 in3
292 in3
|305 in3
351 in3
|305 in3
351 in3
|305 in3
|283 in3
327 in3
|307 in3
327 in3
396 in3
|307 in3
350 in3
396 in3
|307 in3
350 in3
396 in3
|307 in3
350 in3
402 in3
|307 in3
350 in3
402 in3
Trim Levels (Chevrolet)[edit]
|1967–70 [8][9]
|CST (Custom Sport Truck)
|1971 [10]
|Custom Deluxe
|late 1971–72 [11]
|Custom Deluxe
|Cheyenne Super
A 10, 20, or 30 on the emblem indicates 1⁄2-, 3⁄4-, or 1-ton trucks. There are also 40- to 80-series medium- and heavy-duty trucks:
- medium-duty
- 1 1⁄2-ton C40;
- "light" 2-ton C50;
- 2-ton C60;
- heavy-duty
- "light" 2 1⁄2-ton C70;
- 2 1⁄2-ton C80.[12]
These models share the cabin of the light-duty models but sit on a taller chassis and have a taller front end of a different design, with a clamshell hood.
Trim Levels (GMC)[edit]
|1967–71 [13]
|Super Custom
|1972 [13]
|Super Custom
|Sierra Grande
1500, 2500, and 3500 designations were used to indicate 1⁄2-, 3⁄4- and 1-ton trucks.
In both series, the 'Highlander package' included special color-coordinated houndstooth cloth inserts and additional trim colors and insulation.
Third generation 1973–1987[edit]
|Third generation
|Also called
|Chevrolet Scottsdale
Chevrolet Custom Deluxe
Chevrolet Silverado
GMC Sierra
GMC Sierra Grande
GMC High Sierra
GMC Sierra Classic
Chevrolet Cheyenne (Mexico)
|1973–1987 (US Two-door)
1974–1978 (Argentina, by Chevrolet)
1985–1991 (Argentina, by Sevel)
1973–1991 (US Four-door)
1973–1991 (Mexican and Venezuelan production)
|Atlanta, Georgia
Baltimore, Maryland
Pontiac, Michigan
Flint, Michigan
Tarrytown, New York
Kansas City, Missouri
St. Louis, Missouri
Janesville, Wisconsin
Norwood, Ohio
Fremont, California
Oshawa, Ontario
Córdoba (Argentina)
Tehran, Iran (1977–1982) [14]
Arica, Chile (1978–1988)
Seoul, South Korea
Shanghai, China
|250 cu in (4.1 L) I6
292 cu in (4.8 L) I6
262 cu in (4.3 L) V6
305 cu in (5.0 L) V8
350 cu in (5.7 L) V8
400 cu in (6.6 L) V8
454 cu in (7.4 L) V8
350 cu in (5.7 L) Oldsmobile Diesel V8
379 cu in (6.2 L) Detroit Diesel V8
|3-speed Turbo Hydra-Matic 350 automatic
3-speed Turbo Hydra-Matic 400 automatic
4-speed Turbo Hydra-Matic 700R4 automatic
3-speed Saginaw manual
4-speed Saginaw Muncie SM465 manual
4-speed New Process NV833 overdrive manual
|117.5 in (2,984 mm)
131.5 in (3,340 mm)
164.5 in (4,178 mm)
|191.5 in (4,864 mm)(1973–75)
191.3 in (4,859 mm)(1987)
211.8 in (5,380 mm)[15]
|69.8 in (1,773 mm)
An all-new clean sheet redesign of General Motors' Chevrolet and GMC brand C/K-Series pickups débuted in mid-1972 for the 1973 model year. Development of the new third-generation trucks began in 1968 with vehicle components undergoing simulated testing on computers before the first prototype pickups were even built for real world testing.[16] The redesign was revolutionary in appearance at the time, particularly the cab, departing from typical American pickup truck designs of the era. Aside from being near twins, the Chevrolet and GMC pickups looked like nothing else on the road.[17] The third-generation trucks are colloquially known as the "Square-body" or "Box-body" generation.[18][19][20][21] GM's official "Rounded-Line" moniker highlighted the pickup's rounded styling cues that were incorporated into the design. This included rounded windshield corners, rounded corners of the cab roof, rounded-corner doors which cut high into the cab roof eliminating roof height, slanted front fenders, and rounded pickup box corners which allowed for rounded wraparound taillamps, a first for GM pickups. The design also featured strong distinctive curved shoulderlines which rounded out below the beltline.[18] The curved shoulderline continued across the back tailgate on Chevrolet Fleetside and GMC Wideside models. However, the low slope of the hood and rectangular front end of the truck originated the "square/box-body" nickname, which was propagated through truck magazines and word of mouth.
GM's design engineers fashioned the "Rounded-line" exterior in an effort to help improve aerodynamics and fuel efficiency, using wind tunnel technology to help them sculpt the body.[22] Other design traits include sleek sculpted body work, an aerodynamic cab with steep windshield rake, and a unique available hidden radio antenna embedded into the windshield glass.[18][23][24]
There were two types of pickup boxes to choose from. The first type, called Fleetside by Chevrolet and Wideside by GMC, was a full width pickup box and featured a flared shoulderline to complement the cab in addition to rounded box corners and the new aforementioned rounded wraparound taillamps. Both steel and wood floors were available. The second type, called Stepside by Chevrolet and Fenderside by GMC, was a narrow width pickup box featuring steps and exposed fenders with standalone tail lamps. Initially, only wood floors were available.[25]
The wheelbase length was extended to 117.5 in (2,985 mm) for the short wheelbase pickups, and 131.5 in (3,340 mm) for the long wheelbase pickups. A new dual rear wheel option called "Big Dooley" was introduced on one-ton pickups, along with a new Crew Cab option on the 164.5 in (4,178 mm) wheelbase. An optional Elimipitch camper was made available for the Big Dooley.[26] Crew Cabs were available in two versions: a "3+3" which seated up to six occupants and "bonus cab" which deleted the rear seat and added rear lockable storage in its place. Unlike the Ford F-Series half-Ton and quarter ton trucks of the time, the Chevrolet and GMC half-ton and quarter-ton (3/4 ton) C10s and C20s where not available with a extended cab model. However, Ford F-150s and F-250s (as well as F-350 1 ton) had an extended cab model called "supercab". The fuel tank was moved from the cab to the outside of the frame, and a dual tank option was available which brought fuel capacity to 40 US gallons. 1980 was the first year that a cassette tape player could be purchased, along with a CB radio.[27]
The Rounded-Line generation ultimately ran for a lengthy 15 model years (1973–1987) with the exception of the Crew Cab (four-door cab), Blazer, Jimmy, and Suburban versions, which continued up until the 1991 model year. GM ends this generation with 1987 as 1987 was the last model year for the conventional cabs (two-door cab).
Interior and safety[edit]
The third-generation pickups were offered in several equipment level packages or trim packages. Chevrolet/GMC used various names for the trim levels throughout the vehicle's life cycle and some were rearranged in their class order. For the 1973 and 1974 model years, the base (standard) trim level was Custom/Custom, mid-range trims were Custom Deluxe/Super Custom, luxury trims were Cheyenne/Sierra, and top-of-the-line luxury trim levels were Cheyenne Super/Sierra Grande.[16]
For the 1975 model year the trim levels were revised and the base trims were now Custom Deluxe/Sierra, mid-range trims were Scottsdale/Sierra Grande, luxury trims were Cheyenne/High Sierra, and the top-of-the-line luxury trim levels were now known as Silverado/Sierra Classic. They remained in this configuration up to the 1987 model year.[25] For the 1982 model year, the luxury trim levels were dropped, leaving the base, midrange, and top-of-the-line luxury trim level packages.[28]
Soft touch materials were used throughout the passenger cabin, such as the dashboard, doors (arm rests), steering wheel, and shift levers. Subtle grained interior panels and bright metal work was used on the inside with high-quality materials also used on the outside, like chrome, aluminium, and polished stainless steel, particularly on top-of-the-line luxury Silverado or Sierra Classic trim levels. Custom Vinyl vinyl or soft Custom Cloth cloth and velour seating surfaces were used along with fabric headliners, door inserts, and plush carpeting, depending on the trim level. Upper class trim levels also used acoustic deadening materials for quieter ride comfort.[29] From model years 1973 to 1977, chestnut wood grain inserts were used on the dashboard and doors for further visual enhancement. The wood grain inserts were replaced by bright brushed aluminium inserts for model years 1978 to 1987.[30] A Delco AM/FM audio sound system and an all-season climate control system that heated, cooled, cleaned, and dehumidified were optional extras.[31]
At its launch in 1972, the Square-body C/K-Series introduced two firsts in safety advancements concerning full-size pickups, and would later lead a third safety advancement in 1975. The first was the standard passenger-side sideview mirror, and the second was the energy-absorbing collapsible steering column. Patented by GM and already in use in its cars since 1967, the new energy-absorbing steering column was standard on all C-Series and K-Series models.[16][32][33]
The third safety advancement was the introduction of dual front lap-and-shoulder safety belts with emergency locking retractors for outboard occupants in 1975 for the 1976 model year.[34] These replaced the outdated and inadequate lap belts previously used. A center lap safety belt with slack adjustment was provided for the center occupant. Ford and Dodge would follow one model year later adding lap-and-shoulder safety belts to their pickups.[35][36]
Other safety features included soft-padded interior panels for appearance and safety, 3,329 square inches of tempered and laminated safety glass, prismatic rearview mirror, six turn-signal indicator lamps with asymmetrical flash, four-way hazard function, and lane departure function.[16][29][37][38]
Chassis and powertrain[edit]
Third-generation Square-body C/K-Series pickups gained an all-new, high tensile strength carbon steel ladder type frame with "drop center" design.[23][39][40] Steering controls included variable-ratio recirculating ball steering gear with optional hydraulic power assist. Braking controls included front self-adjusting disc brakes with rear finned drum brakes and optional four-wheel hydraulic Hydra-Boost or Vacuum-Boost power assist.[16] Engines choices initially consisted of six or eight cylinder engines with either manual or Turbo Hydra-Matic transmissions.[16]
C-Series pickups included two-wheel drive and featured an independent front suspension (IFS) system with contoured lower control "A" arms and coil springs. GM's new Load Control rear suspension system took up residence in the back. The Load Control rear suspension system consisted of a rear live axle with dual stage Vari-Rate multi-leaf springs and asymmetrical (offset) shock absorber geometry, to help sort out any "wheel hop" under heavy loads or hard acceleration.[23]
K-Series pickups included either Conventional, Permanent, or Shift-on-the-move four-wheel drive. The latter system was introduced for 1981. Regardless of the type of four-wheel drive system equipped, all K-Series pickups featured four-corner Vari-Rate multi-leaf springs, front live axle with symmetrical (inline) shock absorber geometry, and the Load Control rear suspension system. K-Series pickups also featured an off-road oriented design, with the transfer case bolted directly to the transmission and running gear tucked up as high as possible under the vehicle to reduce the chances of snagging vital components on obstacles, as well as to achieve a low silhouette and optimal ground clearance.[41] Exposed brake lines wrapped in steel were standard, with underbody skid plate armor optional for further protection.
Conventional four-wheel drive pickups featured manual locking hubs and a two-speed dual range New Process 205 transfer case with four drive modes: Two High, Four High, Neutral, and Four Low. Two High gave a 0:100 torque split, while Four High yielded a locked 50:50 torque split. Four Low applied reduction gearing. The front and rear propeller shafts were locked at all times in Four High and Four Low. Neutral allowed for flat towing, or use of the power take off (PTO).[42]
Permanent four-wheel drive pickups featured a two-speed dual range New Process 203 transfer case with planetary center differential and lock. Five drive modes were provided: High, Low, Neutral, High Loc, and Low Loc. In High the center differential was unlocked and allowed the front and rear propeller shafts to slip as needed for full-time operation. The system could be manually shifted into High Loc which locked the center differential for a locked 50:50 torque split. Low and Low Loc applied reduction gearing with or without lock, depending on the mode selected. Neutral was also available for use of the PTO.[42]
A new Eaton Automatic Differential Lock (ADL) was introduced in 1973 as an optional extra on the Rounded-Line C/K-Series pickups, for the rear hypoid differential. The new automatic locking differential was offered under the G86 code, replacing the Eaton NoSpin differential, and eventually replacing the old Positraction limited-slip differential in 1974, at which point it assumed the G80 code.[43] The Eaton ADL featured intelligent differential control via an internal governor which monitored vehicle speed and wheel slip to know when to automatically lock and could lockup 100 percent at or below 20 mph (32 kph) increasing tractive effort. The differential lock would unlock and deactivate at speeds above 20 mph for safety reasons, such as the vehicle being on dry pavement.[44]
Towing and payload capacity ratings for Rounded-Line C/K-Series pickups varied, depending on how they were configured. Factors such as engine and transmission combination, differential gear ratio, curb weight, and whether the pickup was two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive decided how much the pickup could safely tow or haul.
A properly equipped C-Series half-ton class pickup could tow up to 8,000 lbs (4 tons) of braked trailer, while a properly equipped C-Series three quarter-ton or one-ton class pickup could tow up to 12,000 lbs (6 tons) of braked trailer.[45] Adding four-wheel drive reduced towing capability due to increased curb weight, which resulted from additional driveline components (transfer case, front axle, front differential, front propeller shaft, and so on) needed to facilitate four-wheel drive. A properly equipped K-Series half-ton or three quarter-ton class pickup could tow up to 6,500 lbs (3.25 tons) of braked trailer, whilst a properly equipped K-Series one-ton class pickup could tow 500 lbs more, up to 7,000 lbs (3.5 tons) of braked trailer.[45]
Heavy-duty towing equipment was available for both C and K-Series pickups, such as the Trailering Special package (included power steering, uprated battery, and uprated generator), 7-pin trailer electrics connector, heavy-duty engine oil cooler, heavy-duty transmission oil cooler, and a weight distributing trailer hitch.[25][46]
For the 1975 model year, the 185 hp 400 cu in (6.6 L) small-block V-8 was added to the line and there was a realignment of Chevy trim levels, along with new grilles and clear/white instead of orange front turn signals. Base models gained a passenger-side woodgrain dash accent and a new plaid upholstery pattern (which would change slightly each year until 1978).
A new gauge to show voltage replaced the ammeter in 1976, and the engine size decals were removed from the grille during this model year.
For 1977 models, power windows and power door locks were introduced as an optional extra. There was another round of new grilles, revised inner door panels that left less metal exposed, a four-wheel drive, full one-ton chassis was added to the lineup, and a Dana 60 was used for the front axle, as well as an electric oil pressure gauge replacing the mechanical unit. Trucks with an optional trim level, but without an additional wheel upgrade, received flatter stainless steel hubcaps, still with painted accents. This was also the only year with yellow painted trim instead of black.
All models got new, flatter dash trim panels, black on the lower two trims and aluminum-look on the fancier two. Base models received the flatter stainless hubcaps, and Stepsides got new squared-off taillights with built-in backup lights and side markers, while the rear fenders were smoothed out where the old side markers were. Fuel doors were added on models equipped with a bed to hide the previously exposed fuel caps.
The 1979 models got a new grille surround that incorporated the turn signals; inside there was a new full-width "houndstooth" seat trim on base models and a (rare) fifth interior color option on the higher series called "oyster" by Chevrolet and "Mystic" by GMC (mostly white with a gray dash, carpeting and cloth). Fuel doors were added in 79 to the rest of the lineup, following the previous years change on models with a bed.
For the 1980 model year, permanent four-wheel drive was discontinued on K-Series, leaving only conventional four-wheel drive. Some pickups gained a new grille, others did not; high-trim Chevys had both a new surround that incorporated near-flush square headlights and revised turn signals with a new, squarer grille pattern, while a GMC base model was entirely carryover, base Chevys had the new center section in the 1979 surround while GMCs with uplevel trims or the separate RPO V22 option had the new square-light surround with the main grille introduced in 1977. Blue interiors were a darker shade than before.
|115 hp (86 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|200 lb·ft (271 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|120 hp (89 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|205 lb·ft (278 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|155 hp (116 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|230 lb·ft (312 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|160 hp (119 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|235 lb·ft (319 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|115 hp (86 kW) @ 3400 RPM
|215 lb·ft (292 N·m) @ 1600 RPM
|115 hp (86 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|210 lb·ft (285 N·m) @ 800 RPM
|130 hp (97 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|240 lb·ft (325 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|165 hp (123 kW) @ 4400 RPM
|240 lb·ft (325 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|1/2 Ton w/ 4-barrel
|160 hp (119 kW) @ 4400 RPM
|235 lb·ft (319 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|all others w/ 4-barrel
|165 hp (123 kW) @ 4400 RPM
|240 lb·ft (325 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|less than 8500# GVWR
|160 hp (119 kW) @ 4400 RPM
|235 lb·ft (319 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|over 8500# GVWR
|170 hp (127 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|260 lb·ft (353 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|165 hp (123 kW) @ 3800 RPM
|275 lb·ft (373 N·m) @ 1600 RPM
|less than 8500# GVWR
|210 hp (157 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|300 lb·ft (407 N·m) @ 2800 RPM
|160 hp (119 kW) @ 3800 RPM
|250 lb·ft (339 N·m) @ 2800 RPM
|over 8500# GVWR
|185 hp (138 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|285 lb·ft (386 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|185 hp (138 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|295 lb·ft (400 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|210 hp (157 kW) @ 3800 RPM
|340 lb·ft (461 N·m) @ 2800 RPM
|230 hp (172 kW) @ 3800 RPM
|360 lb·ft (488 N·m) @ 2800 RPM
|240 hp (179 kW) @ 3800 RPM
|375 lb·ft (508 N·m) @ 3200 RPM
|230 hp (172 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|385 lb·ft (522 N·m) @ 1600 RPM
|6.2 L Detroit Diesel V-8
|130 hp (97 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|240 lb·ft (325 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|less than 8500# GVWR
|135 hp (101 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|240 lb·ft (325 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|over 8500# GVWR
|148 hp (110 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|246 lb·ft (334 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
1981 mid-life cycle facelift[edit]
A mid-life cycle cosmetic facelift and mechanical refresh was carried out for the 1981 model year. In response to the recent 1979 energy crisis, the 1981 rework featured several fuel saving techniques to help make the Rounded-Line C/K-Series pickups more fuel efficient. Again, engineers turned to wind tunnels to resculpt the front end with new sheet metal, reducing areas which could hinder air flow and cause drag.[29][48] A sleeker front bow-like look emerged, similar to a ship's bow with the front end being gently swept back from the center. New dual tier halogen headlamps became available with the Deluxe Front Appearance package.[29] Mechanical updates included more anti-corrosion techniques, reduced weight, and a new 5.0 L 305 cubic inch V-8 with electronic spark control. The 5.7 L 350 cubic inch pushrod V-8 was offered in California in place of the new 5.0 L 305 engine with electronic spark control, which did not meet California's emissions requirements.[29]
A new Shift-on-the-move four-wheel drive system with two-speed dual range New Process 208 aluminium transfer case was introduced on K-Series pickups for the 1981 model year. It replaced the permanent four-wheel drive system, on pre-1980 models. The shift-on-the-move four-wheel drive system featured new automatic self locking hubs and synchronized direct high range planetary gearing, such that the truck could be shifted from two-wheel drive, to fully locked four-wheel drive at speeds of up to 25 mph.[49] Once the shift from two-wheel drive to four-wheel drive was made, the vehicle could be driven at any forward or reverse speed. Four drive modes were offered: Two High, Four High, Neutral, and Four Low. Two High gave a 0:100 torque split, with Four High yielding a locked 50:50 torque split through direct synchronized gearing. Four Low applied reduction gearing with a 2.61:1 ratio, compared to the previous New Process 205's 1.96:1. The front and rear propeller shafts were locked at all times in Four High and Four Low. Neutral was provided for disengagement of both propeller shafts. Conventional four-wheel drive was still available with manual locking hubs.
A new four-speed Turbo Hydra-Matic 700R4 transmission with overdrive gearing became available in 1981 for the 1982 model year. The 151 hp 379 cu in (6.2 L) Detroit Diesel V-8 was added[50] to replace the LF9 Oldsmobile diesel. Chrome front bumpers were now standard on base models.
1985 saw the new 262 cu in (4.3 L) LB1 (with a Rochester Quadrajet carburetor in lieu of fuel injection) introduced to replace the 250 inline six (the 292 continued in production until it was officially phased out in 1990). Hydraulic clutches were introduced. Also, a new grill was used.[51] The most expensive radio was the AM/FM stereo seek/scan with cassette tape at $594.[51] A variation of the C/K series was introduced in 1985 in Brazil,[52] replacing the locally produced C10, introduced in 1964.
For the 1987 model year, the last model year for the conventional cab pickups, the Rounded-Line C/K-Series were renamed the R/V-Series. R-Series now designated two-wheel drive, while V-Series represented four-wheel drive.[53] The name change is also found in the vehicle identification number.[54] This was done in preparation for the next generation GMT400 trucks, which were produced concurrently with the older line. The new 1988 model trucks entered production December 8, 1986 at Pontiac East, Oshawa, and the new Fort Wayne plant. The 1987 models continued to be built at Janesville, St. Louis, and Flint.[55]
Along with the name change, came other major improvements and tweaks for the final model year of the conventional cab pickups. Single-point electronic throttle-body fuel injection (TBI) was introduced on GM's full-size pickups, with new electric fuel pumps and high-pressure fuel lines. In addition, a "smart" powertrain control module (PCM) was also introduced, which controlled the fuel injection system, fuel-to-air burn ratio, engine ignition timing, and (if equipped with an automatic transmission) the Turbo Hydra-Matic's turbine torque converter clutch.[56] The 5.7 L 350 cubic inch pushrod V-8 was introduced to the order books for R-Series and V-Series half-ton class pickups, with the new TBI fuel injection system. Horsepower and torque output was increased to 210 hp, and 300 lb-ft of torque.[57]
After 1987, R/V remained in use for the Rounded-Line one-ton crew cab pickups through 1991 (built at Janesville), chassis cab (which was phased out after 1989; single cabs were discontinued in the USA/Canada where the production tooling was shipped to Mexico where it remained in production until 1991), and the Rounded-Line utilities (Chevrolet K5 Blazer and Suburban, built at Flint) through 1991. From the 1988 model year and onward, C/K was re-used for the fourth-generation "GMT400" design.[58]
GMC Medium-Duty conventional, predecessor to the Topkick
Sidesaddle fuel tank controversy[edit]
The third generation of GM's full-size pickup line had a fuel tank design that drew criticism after the model run ended. The fuel tank was relocated from the cab to the outboard sides of one or both frame rails beneath the cab floor extending under the leading edge of the pickup box, commonly referred to as a sidesaddle arrangement.
The writer and editorialist Walter Olson made the following points: According to a later-debunked 1993 report on Dateline NBC, this arrangement made the trucks prone to exploding in a side collision.[59] The faked video was staged by an expert witness for hire against GM, Bruce Enz of The Institute for Safety Analysis. Enz used incendiary devices and a poorly fitted gas cap to create the impression of a dangerous vehicle.[60] Regardless of any increased risk of fire, the GM trucks had safety records in side-impact crashes statistically indistinguishable from their Ford and Dodge counterparts. The sidesaddle fuel tanks themselves, were found to have a robust design highly resistant to crushing or crumpling from a side impact. Trucks equipped with these tanks met and exceeded the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard № 301. Studies showed that it would take about 4,000 side-impact crashes with such a truck to get one with fire, major injury, or fatality.[61]
It was also found that the Dateline report was dishonest about the fuel tanks rupturing and the alleged 30 mph (48 km/h) speed at which the collision was conducted. The actual speed was found to be higher, around 40 mph (64 km/h), and after x-ray examination of the fuel tanks from the C/K pickups used in the staged collision, it was discovered they had not ruptured and were intact.[62][63]
Fatality figures vary wildly. A study by Failure Analysis Associates (now Exponent, Inc.) found 155 fatalities in these GM trucks between 1973 and 1989 involving both side impact and fire.[64] The Center for Auto Safety, Ralph Nader's lobbying group, claims "over 1,800 fatalities" between 1973 and 2000 involving both side impact and fire.[65]
In 1993 the bad publicity generated by the Dateline story spawned several class action lawsuits. In addition GM was sued more than 100 times in lawsuits brought by individuals who were burned in GM trucks.[66] Nearly all of those cases were settled out of court. In 1993, a Georgia jury awarded more than $105 million, including $101 million in punitive damages, to the parents of a 17 year old named Shannon Moseley who burned to death.[67] The verdict was later overturned by an appeals court[68] and the case settled before it could be re-tried.
On Oct. 17, 1994, U.S. Transportation Secretary Federico F. Pena announced that a two-year investigation had found that the trucks posed a fire hazard. Federal officials estimated that 150 persons may have died in preventable fiery crashes. The gas tanks leaked in at least two crash tests performed by GM around the time the trucks were first sold in 1973. The federal report also stated that 50 MPH crash tests performed in the early 1980s "clearly demonstrated" the tanks were susceptible to puncturing. Perhaps influencing the government's decision on whether or not to order a recall is the fact that in the 1980s GM prevailed in court when the federal government ordered a recall over a suspected brake problem. GM and other auto companies were required to meet the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, which requires that they not only meet standards but produce vehicles which operate safely under real conditions.[69]
GM also settled with the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in 1994 for the amount of $51 million to be used for safety programs. GM also offered owners $1000 coupons toward the purchase of a new truck with a trade-in of the old one.[68] The fourth-generation C/K-Series pickups of 1988–2001, designed and produced well before the lawsuits, had a new single fuel tank located within the frame rails.
Foreign production[edit]
Sevel Argentina S.A. built the Chevrolet C10 in its Córdoba plant from 1985 to 1991. The gasoline version used the Chevy 250 CID engine (4,093 cc) familiar to most Latin American markets, producing 130 hp. Because of Sevel being a subsidiary of Peugeot, the C10 was also available with a 70 hp Indénor XD2 2,304 cc diesel engine, perhaps best known in the US from the Peugeot 504.
Fourth generation 1988–1998 (GMT400)[edit]
|Fourth generation / GMT400
|Also called
|Chevrolet Silverado
GMC Sierra
Chevrolet Cheyenne (Mexico)
|1988–1998 (USA, two-door and extended cab)
1992–1998 (USA, four-door)
1992–2001 (Mexico and Venezuela)
1997-2001 (Argentina and Brazil)
|Oshawa, Ontario
Pontiac, Michigan
Flint, Michigan
Fort Wayne, Indiana
Córdoba, Argentina ('97-'99 for the short-bed C2500 Silverado, '99 for the regional equivalent to the Tahoe)
São Caetano do Sul, Brazil ('95-2001 for the regional equivalent to the 3500HD badged as GMC 6-100 or 6-150 according to the engine selection and badged as a Chevrolet for regional exports to Argentina and Uruguay, late-'99 to 2001 for the short-bed C1500 badged as Chevrolet Silverado and GMC 3500HD according to the GVWR (in kilograms) even though it was still just a 1500 short-bed)
Seoul, South Korea
Shanghai, China
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
|Donald Wood (1985)[70][71]
|Body and chassis
|250 cu in (4.1 L) I6 (Argentinian-made versions only)
292 cu in (4.8 L) I6 (Mexico only)
262 cu in (4.3 L) V6
305 cu in (5.0 L) V8
350 cu in (5.7 L) V8
454 cu in (7.4 L) V8
MWM Sprint 6.07T engine (4.2L) I6 diesel (both Argentinian and Brazilian versions)
378 cu in (6.2 L) diesel V8
396 cu in 6.5 L turbo diesel V8
|3-speed THM-400 automatic
4-speed 700R4 automatic
4-speed 4L60 automatic
4-speed 4L60-E automatic
4-speed 4L80-E automatic
4-speed SM465 manual
5-speed NV3500 manual
5-speed ZF 5S-42 manual
5-speed NV4500 manual
5-speed HM290 manual
5-speed 5LM60 manual
|117.5 in (2,984 mm)
131.5 in (3,340 mm)
141.5 in (3,594 mm)
155.5 in (3,950 mm)
|194.5 in (4,940 mm)
213.1 in (5,413 mm)
218.5 in (5,550 mm)
237.4 in (6,030 mm)
|76.8 in (1,951 mm)
77.1 in (1,958 mm)
|73.2 in (1,859 mm)
72.6 in (1,844 mm)
Development of these trucks began around 1984 and were introduced in April 1987 as 1988 models (known as the GMT400 platform, and their nickname: OBS (Old Body Style) Chevy or GMC). There were eight different versions of the C/K line for 1988. Fleetside Single Cab, and Fleetside Extended Cab, were the first chevy trucks to be available with this type of cab version, and the 1973 to 1987 C10s and C20s where only available with a single cab. Fleetside Crew Cab, and Stepside Single Cab models, each in either 2WD (C) or 4WD (K) drive-lines were also available. All C/K models would ride on independent front suspension. Three trim levels were available: Cheyenne, Scottsdale, and Silverado. Engines were a 160 hp (119 kW) 4.3 L V6, a 175 hp (130 kW) 5.0 L V8, a 210 hp (157 kW) 5.7 L V8 and a 6.2 L diesel V8. A 230 hp (172 kW) 7.4 L V8 was available in the 3/4-ton and one-ton trucks. Most of the powertrain were a carryover from the 1987 R/V with fuel injection. To enhance durability the trucks featured extensive use of galvanized steel for corrosion resistance and a fully welded frame with a boxed front section for strength and rigidity.[72] During the development of the GMT400 platform GM designers based their prototypes on the compact GMT325 S-series (S10 and S15/Sonoma) - upon the official release the GMT400 were the first GM vehicles to use an electronic speedometer, and a serpentine accessory drive. Some consider the GMT400 as a scaled up version of the S10/Sonoma with rounded off contours - later incorporated into the second generation S-series.
4x4 front suspension[edit]
|This section possibly contains original research. (May 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A drastic difference between the third-generation and fourth-generation GM trucks was the suspension; the fourth-generation GM trucks used all independent front suspensions (IFS).
In 1989, a half-ton 2WD fleetside Sport appearance package was available with black and red bumper and body trim, and a black grille with red outlined Chevrolet emblem, chrome wheels with custom center caps, and fog lights. The 89 was a limited production run set to determine how well the "sport" package would be received by consumers in the years to follow. The Sport package was more of a trim and towing package edition as well as a few engine enhancements that weren't available on other Chevrolet trucks of the time.
Also in 1989, the 4x4 sport appearance package included black bumper and body trim, wheel flares, mirrors, sport grille, 16–inch cast-aluminum wheels and special "4x4" badging on the box and "SPORT" badged on the tailgate. The box and tailgate decals were flanked by red-outlined Chevy bow ties. The sport package was only offered from 1989 until 1992 as some insurance companies[who?] began to express concerns with the idea of a high-performance truck. RPO code was BYP. This model was only available with the standard cab and regular fleet-side box. Colors included white, black, and red. The Work Truck (W/T) was also introduced in 1990, which featured a single-cab long bed with Cheyenne trim and new grille with black bumpers. Also in 1988 the GMC 3500 EFI with a 454 (7.4 L) was available. The 454 EFI produced 230 hp (172 kW) and 385 lb·ft (522 N·m). In 1991, the 4L80-E automatic transmission was available for the 3/4-ton and one-ton trucks. In 1992, the four-speed manual transmission was dropped and the stepside trucks were available with extended cabs. The 6.5-liter diesel V8 was also made available with a turbocharger. In 1989, a Sport package was available for the fleet side short-bed Chevrolet trucks, featuring body-colored, striped molding, body-colored bumpers, and a blacked-out grille with chrome-plated steel wheels and specialized chromed plastic center caps. The Sport package also included a standard Chevrolet Receiver hitch and stiffer rear suspension, as well as oil and transmission cooling lines and heftier brake package. Of the first 1989 Silverado sport trucks there were only 5,400 produced. The Sport was re-introduced in 1990, this time with composite headlights and different sport emblems on the bedsides. This is one of the most frequently faked looks for the Chevrolet trucks but VIN decoding will reveal if it is a true "sport" or not. 1994 models received a new front fascia, federally mandated CHMSL, many new exterior colors including a new two-tone option on the rocker panels, and new tire and wheel combinations. In 1993 all 1500 series and 2500 series two-wheel drive trucks were assembled with the newer 4L60E transmission and the 700 R4 was no longer used at this point. Exterior changes this year included a special two-tone paint job, available in many different varieties new gloss black folding exterior mirrors, and the door handles were changed from a smooth gloss black finish to a textured, satin finish. All 1995 models received a new interior that included a new steering wheel containing a driver's-side airbag, a new dashboard containing a more central-mounted radio, dial-operated HVAC system and an improved gauge cluster. New front door panels, and new seating were also included. In 1996, a passenger-side-mounted third door was optional on extended cab models. A new range of engines was included. The "Vortec" engines meant HP increases across gasoline V6 and V8 small-block engines. The 6.2 diesel V8 was dropped.
1997 saw a passenger-side airbag on 1500 models in order to comply with new federal regulations for light trucks. 2500 and 3500 models are exempt. This meant a slight dashboard redesign to incorporate these airbags. On models where passenger airbags weren't included, the space was occupied by a storage compartment. Also, 1997 was to be the last year the C/K Silverado would display CHEVROLET on the tailgate.
1998 meant minor trim and badge updates as GM readied the end of the GMT-400 platform. There was some overlap in 1999–2002 model years. In response to continued fleet sales, the GMT400 trucks were produced as the Sierra Classic/Silverado Classic until the GMT400 ended production at the end of the 2002 model year. A Brazilian version of the GMT400 was produced in Brazil powered with a Chevrolet inline six, a 4.2-liter I6 MWM Sprint Turbodiesel and a 4.0L I4 NA Maxion Diesel.
The GMT400 and G-Van were the last two platforms to utilize the traditional small-block Chevrolet V8 in the 2002 model year.
The GMT800 platform was introduced in 1999 as the Silverado/Sierra.
C/K in Oceania[edit]
Holden imported the GMC C/K beginning in 1996, exclusively for ambulance use. They were not sold to the general public.
|160 hp (120 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|235 lb·ft (319 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|160 hp (120 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|235 lb·ft (319 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|less than 8500# GVWR
|165 hp (123 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|235 lb·ft (319 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|150 hp (110 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|230 lb·ft (310 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|over 8500# GVWR
|155 hp (116 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|230 lb·ft (310 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|165 hp (123 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|235 lb·ft (319 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|160 hp (120 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|235 lb·ft (319 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|200 hp (150 kW) @ 4400 RPM
|255 lb·ft (346 N·m) @ 2800 RPM
|175 hp (130 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|270 lb·ft (370 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|175 hp (130 kW) @ 4200 RPM
|265 lb·ft (359 N·m) @ 2800 RPM
|230 hp (170 kW) @ 4600 RPM
|285 lb·ft (386 N·m) @ 2800 RPM
|210 hp (160 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|300 lb·ft (410 N·m) @ 2800 RPM
|less than 8500# GVWR
|200 hp (150 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|310 lb·ft (420 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|185 hp (138 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|295 lb·ft (400 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|over 8500# GVWR
|190 hp (140 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|300 lb·ft (410 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|255 hp (190 kW) @ 4600 RPM
|330 lb·ft (450 N·m) @ 2800 RPM
|6.2 L V8 N/A Diesel
|126 hp (94 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|240 lb·ft (330 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|less than 8500# GVWR w/ MTX
|135 hp (101 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|240 lb·ft (330 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|140 hp (100 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|247 lb·ft (335 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|less than 8500# GVWR w/ ATX
|140 hp (100 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|250 lb·ft (340 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|143 hp (107 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|257 lb·ft (348 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|over 8500# GVWR
|150 hp (110 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|265 lb·ft (359 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|140 hp (100 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|255 lb·ft (346 N·m) @ 1900 RPM
|less than 8500# GVWR
|150 hp (110 kW) @ 3500 RPM
|280 lb·ft (380 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|over 8500# GVWR
|148 hp (110 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|246 lb·ft (334 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|150 hp (110 kW) @ 3500 RPM
|280 lb·ft (380 N·m) @ 2000 RPM
|6.5 L V8 N/A Diesel
|155 hp (116 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|275 lb·ft (373 N·m) @ 1700 RPM
|6.5 L V8 Turbo Diesel
|180 hp (130 kW) @ 3500 RPM
|380 lb·ft (520 N·m) @ 1700 RPM
|190 hp (140 kW) @ 3400 RPM
|380 lb·ft (520 N·m) @ 1700 RPM
|180 hp (130 kW) @ 3400 RPM
|360 lb·ft (490 N·m) @ 1700 RPM
|less than 8500# GVWR
|180 hp (130 kW) @ 3400 RPM
|360 lb·ft (490 N·m) @ 1800 RPM
|190 hp (140 kW) @ 3400 RPM
|385 lb·ft (522 N·m) @ 1700 RPM
|over 8500# GVWR
|195 hp (145 kW) @ 3400 RPM
|430 lb·ft (580 N·m) @ 1800 RPM
|195 hp (145 kW) @ 3400 RPM
|420 lb·ft (570 N·m) @ 1800 RPM
|w/ MTX
|195 hp (145 kW) @ 3400 RPM
|430 lb·ft (580 N·m) @ 1800 RPM
|w/ ATX
|230 hp (170 kW) @ 3600 RPM
|385 lb·ft (522 N·m) @ 1600 RPM
|290 hp (220 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|410 lb·ft (560 N·m) @ 3200 RPM
|255 hp (190 kW) @ 4000 RPM
|405 lb·ft (549 N·m) @ 2400 RPM
|340 hp (250 kW) @ 4200 RPM
|455 lb·ft (617 N·m) @ 3200 RPM
454 SS[edit]
In 1990, Chevrolet introduced a high-performance variant of the GMT400 under the Super Sport emblem called the 454SS. It was available only as a 2WD half-ton regular cab short box in Onyx Black only with a garnet red interior. The 454SS was powered by a 454 cu in (7.4 L) V8 producing 230 hp (172 kW) and 385 lb·ft (522 N·m).[74] A 3-speed automatic transmission (Turbo Hydra-Matic 400) and 3.73 rear axle ratio added to the truck's performance. The axle itself is unique, being a 14-bolt semi-floating unit which uses standard Chevrolet 5 on 5-inch wheels—the only factory-produced 14-bolt axle with such a wheel bolt pattern. The suspension was also upgraded with 32 mm (1.3 in) Bilstein gas-filled shock absorbers, a 32 mm (1.3 in) front stabilizer bar, and 12.7:1 fast-ratio steering gear assembly.
Unique exterior features included a front air dam with fog lights, special rims, decals displaying "454SS" on the bed sides, red trim emblems, and black painted grille, bumpers, and mirrors. The interior was also unique with a special plush Garnet Red cloth with black trim, high-back reclining sport bucket seats, and center console.
For 1991, a four-speed electronic automatic transmission (known as the 4L80E), 25 more horsepower, and even higher torque (405 lbs/ft at 2400 rpm) were added to the 454SS. The rear-axle ratio was also lowered to 4.10:1 for extra jolt off the line. On the dash was a tachometer, oddly omitted from 1990 models. Dual exhaust was also added during the '91-'93 model years.
The MSRP of the 1990 model was US$18,295 with a $550 destination charge. A total of 16,953 units were sold over the 4 years the 454SS was in production, with 1990, the first year of production, selling 13,748 units alone. The 454SS was discontinued after the 1993 model year.
In 1992–1993 other color options included Summit White and Victory Red, with multiple interior colour options. The rear quarter panel and tailgate decals also changed in 1992 to a more 'stylized' 'SS' and the Chevrolet sticker on the tailgate became much smaller and located on the corner area.
c. 1997–1999 K-Series brush truck near Tallahassee, Florida
C3500 HD[edit]
In 1991 GM introduced a 15,000 pound GVWR truck C3500 HD under the Chevrolet and GMC nameplates that was replaced by the 4500. It was marketed as a truck to bridge the gap between light duty trucks "pickup trucks" and medium duty trucks. The C3500 HD was only offered as a standard chassis cab until 1996 when a crew chassis cab was also offered. It is not clear if the crew cab was for fleet orders only, or if anyone could order it. An extended cab was never offered on the C3500 HD, though several have been custom made by the registered owners. All paint colors and most options were offered in the C3500 HD. Upper cab marker/clearance lights were not optional equipment on the C 3500HD. The two mirror options are the camper style and west coast style mirrors.
The common drive axle used on the C3500 HD was the Dana 80, an 85.8-inch-wide full floating axle with an 11-inch ring gear fitted with 19.5–inch x 6.0 wheels. The front axle was a solid I-beam drop axle, similar to the axles of medium and heavy duty trucks. Both front and rear leaf sprung axles had disc brakes.
Available wheelbases were; 135.5 inches, 159.5 inches, and 183.5 inches. The C3500 HD frames are very different from the C/K3500 cab and chassis. The C/K3500 cab and chassis and C3500 HD rear frame rails are spaced at industry standard 34 inches for easy fitment of bodies but that is where the similarity ends. The HD frame is much heavier and exits straight out behind the high mounted cab necessitating the unmistakable HD filler panel between the bumper and grille. The front fenders were also equipped with the same flares used on 4x4 models of the lighter trucks to cover the increased track width and larger tires.
Two transmissions were offered in the C3500 HD; the 4L80E 4-speed OD automatic, and the NV4500 5-speed manual.
There were also Brazilian versions of the C3500 HD, offered in the domestic market only as a GMC and in regional export markets (basically Argentina and Uruguay) as Chevrolet. These versions were badged in a different way than its American counterparts, as 6-100 and 6-150 according to their approximated GVWR in metric tonnes (a little above 6 tonnes) and the power in PS (100PS for the 4-cylinder version fitted with a Maxion S4 engine and 150PS fitted with the MWM Sprint 6.07TC), always bolted to a 5-speed manual. A version of the short-bed C2500 used the GMC 3500 HD nameplate only between 2000 and 2001 and fitted with the MWM engine, as it had the GVWR increased to 3500 kilograms in order to be classified as a truck in Brazil to attract lower taxes and annual licensing fees.
GM never offered a four-wheel-drive counterpart of the C3500 HD, so there was no K3500 HD. Several aftermarket conversion companies offered a 4x4 version with either a Dana 60 or Dana 70 front axle. At least one company, Monroe Truck, was offered by GM dealers as a ship-through 4WD upfit using the RPO code VCB. Tulsa is another company that did 4x4 conversions for utility companies. Quigley conversions were mostly for fire/ambulance applications.
Engines 1991–2000[edit]
Engine offerings for the C3500 HD included three gasoline engines; from 1991 to 1995 5.7L 350 Small Block and 7.4L GEN V Big Block. In 1996 both the 5.7 and GEN V 7.4 were replaced by the new Gen VI 7.4L Vortec Big Block.
One of the main additions to the 1991–2000 years is that it introduced the 305 cu in a traditional 5.0L V8 and also in a 5.7L V8 which was most common in the SLE packages.
The RPO L65 6.5L Turbo Diesel debuted in the C3500 HD in 1992, the year of the engine's release. The 6.5 was the only diesel engine offered for the entire production run of the T400 C3500 HD. No diesel was available for 1991, the first C3500 HD production year.
Engines 2001–2002[edit]
While all other C/K pickup models were dropped by 2000, the C3500 HD was produced until 2002 due to fleet demand. In the brochures it is referred to as Sierra Classic/Silverado Classic. There were two engine choices; The 8.1L Vortec Big Block replaced the Gen VI 7.4L Vortec Big Block and the venerable 6.5L Turbo Diesel.
Brazilian versions[edit]
A variant of the C/K family was introduced in Brazil during the 1960s. These used the instrument cluster from the 1960–66 US Chevrolet C/K series although the exterior sheet metal layout is exclusive to Brazil. The models built included a light truck, named C-10, and a SUV named Veraneio (initially known simply as Chevrolet C-1416),[75] introduced in 1964. They were initially powered with a Chevrolet 4.2 l (260 cu in) inline six based on the pre-1962 "Stovebolt" engines. Later they used the 4.1 l (250 cu in) engine from the Chevrolet Opala. In later years a four-cylinder diesel (Perkins Q20B) was also offered labeled as D-10 (light truck only). An ethanol-powered version of the C-10 was offered beginning in the 1981, dubbed the A-10.
After 1985, a redesigned pickup with the same cabin structure of the U.S. 1973–87 C/K truck but with a different front clip bearing more resemblance to the Opel-based Brazilian Chevrolets of that time was introduced as the C-20, powered with the 4.1 l (250 cu in) inline six of the U.S. Chevy II/Nova. Diesel and ethanol versions were also sold, labeled as D-20 and A-20 respectively (later models of the D-20 replaced the Perkins Q20B with a Maxion S4). The original version of the Veraneio was kept in production until 1988 (model year 1989), but it was eventually replaced with an updated version based on the C-20 family.
In 1997 GM introduced officially in Brazil and Argentina the then-current Silverado pickup, but only in C2500 with a regular-cab short-bed bodystyle, which lasted until 2001, and in late-1998 came the Tahoe, which in Argentina and Brazil was badged Grand Blazer. In late-1999 the production of the Silverado was switched from Argentina to Brazil, and the Grand Blazer was simply phased out. The 4.1 L (250 cu in) inline six engine with 138 hp (103 kW) was offered on both models with option for a MWM 4.2 L (260 cu in) turbo diesel engine producing 168 hp (125 kW). But the model earned a reputation for being a less capable work vehicle than its predecessor. After the Silverado was discontinued in Brazil, GM ceased offering any full-size truck in Brazil.
Civil Police of Sao Paulo Chevrolet Veraneio in the museum of the São Paulo Polícia Civil.
See also[edit]
- Chevrolet Silverado / GMC Sierra
- ^ a b "Directory Index: GM Trucks and Vans/1960_Trucks_and_Vans/1960_Chevrolet_Truck_Foldout". Oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
- ^ a b c d e "Chevrolet C/K series Pick-Up (1961)". BWA. Retrieved 2013-10-29.
- ^ "1961 Chevrolet Pickups, Chassis-cabs and Stakes brochure". oldcarbrochures.org. Retrieved 21 August 2016.
- ^ a b "GMC 3000 Model Series Trucks". 6066gmcguy.com. Retrieved 21 August 2016.
- ^ "Chevrolet Trucks for 1963". oldcarbrochures.org. Retrieved 21 August 2016.
- ^ "1960 Conventional & LCF models - Competitive comparisons". oldcarbrochures.org. Retrieved 21 August 2016.
- ^ Chevrolet Trucks 1967 Optional Equipment list, issued by GM Heritage Center
- ^ "1967 Chevrolet Pickups Brochure". Old Car Manual Project. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
- ^ "1970 Chevrolet Pickups Brochure". Old Car Manual Project. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
- ^ "1971 Chevrolet Pickups Brochure". Old Car Manual Project. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
- ^ "1972 Chevrolet Pickups Brochure". Old Car Manual Project. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
- ^ "1966 - 1968 Chevrolet medium & heavy duty conventional cab trucks". Classic Automobile Appraisal And Resource Guide. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
- ^ a b See the excerpts of brochures shown in "GMC Trim Levels Q?". The 1947 - Present Chevrolet & GMC Truck Message Board Network. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
- ^ http://www.parskhodro.ir/en/article/p45-PARS-KHODRO-HISTORY-IN-BRIEF
- ^ 1985 Chevrolet Trucks and Vans, promotional brochure issued by manufacturer
- ^ a b c d e f "1973 Chevy Pickups". brochures.slosh.com. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ "Auto Restorer Magazine". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2012-05-23.
- ^ a b c Brownell, Tom "Rounded-Line Models, 1973–1987" Chevrolet Pickup Color History (Truck Color History) Chapter 9, pp. 88–89 1994-08-07 Retrieved 2011-01-15
- ^ "73-87 History". 73-87chevytrucks.com. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ "73-87 Rounded-Line". www.stovebolt.com. Retrieved 2012-09-04.
- ^ "Chevrolet/GMC Rounded-Line". www.chevytrucks.org. Retrieved 2012-09-04.
- ^ "Miscellaneous Images". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ a b c "1974 Chevy Pickups". brochures.slosh.com. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ "Vintage 73-80 GM Advertisements". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ a b c "1975 Chevy Pickups". brochures.slosh.com. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ "Vintage 73-80 GM Advertisements". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ 1980 Chevrolet Trucks and Vans, promotional brochure issued by manufacturer
- ^ "1982 Chevy Pickups". brochures.slosh.com. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
- ^ a b c d e "1981 Chevy Pickups". brochures.slosh.com. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
- ^ "1978 Chevy Pickups". www.oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
- ^ "1973 Chevrolet Trucks". www.oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
- ^ "1973 Consumer Reports article". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
- ^ "Milestones in Automotive Safety". www.aa1car.com. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
- ^ "1976 Chevy/GMC Pickups". brochures.slosh.com. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
- ^ "1977 Ford Pickups". www.lov2xlr8.no. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
- ^ "1977 Dodge Pickups". www.oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
- ^ "GM Trucks and Vans". www.oldcarbrochures.com. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
- ^ "1974 Chevy Pickups". brochures.slosh.com. Retrieved 2012-07-02.
- ^ "Vintage 73-80 GM Advertisements". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ "Vintage 73-80 GM Advertisements". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ "73-87 GM Brochures". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ a b "1977 Chevrolet Four-wheel drive". www.lov2xlr8.no. Retrieved 2012-09-19.
- ^ "Road Test Articles, 73-80". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2012-05-23.
- ^ Gunnell, John. "1973 to 1998 Chevrolet Pickups Grow Collectible Part 1: 1973 to 1983". pickuptrucks.com. Retrieved 2011-01-16.
- ^ a b "Trailering (1977 Chevy Trailering Guide)". www.brochures.slosh.com. Retrieved 2012-09-19.
- ^ "1977 Chevrolet 4-Wheelers". www.lov2xlr8.no. Retrieved 2012-09-19.
- ^ Chevrolet C/K Truck Product Brochures. 1981–1987.
- ^ "Vintage 81-87 GM Advertisements". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2011-01-16.
- ^ "Vintage 81-87 GM Advertisements". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2011-01-16.
- ^ 1979–1984 GM parts book LT Truck 52A Rev84.1 PG33
- ^ a b Gunnell, John A. (1993). Standard Catalog of American Light-Duty Trucks. krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-238-9.
- ^ "Os valentes da GM". Translate.google.com. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
- ^ "1987 Road & Track Truck Buyers Guide". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2012-05-23.
- ^ "1981–1987 Chevrolet Truck VIN#'s decoded and deciphered - Chuck's Chevy Truck Pages". Chuckschevytruckpages.com. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
- ^ Ward's Automotive Yearbook 1987. Ward's Communications, Inc. 1987. pp. 99, 247.
- ^ "Wiring diagrams per model year". brochures.slosh.com. Retrieved 2012-05-23.
- ^ "1987 350 V-8 EFI". 73-87.com. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
- ^ "Chevrolet C/K Pickups". www.lov2xlr8.no. Retrieved 2012-09-06.
- ^ Walter Olson (1993-02-28). "Walter Olson home page - The Dubious "Experts" Behind TV Crash Tests (Washington Post, 2/28/93)". Walterolson.com. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
- ^ Walter Olsen (February 28, 1993). "Exposing the "Experts" Behind the Sexy Exposés: How Networks Get Duped by Dubious Advocates". Washington Post.
- ^ "The Most Dangerous Vehicle On the Road", Wall Street Journal, Editorial by Walter Olson (senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute and author of "The Litigation Explosion"), Feb. 9, 1993.
- ^ "City's crash test spawns controversy". www.calahouston.org. Retrieved 2012-09-18.
- ^ "Seeing Is Not Believing". www.exponent.com. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2012-09-18.
- ^ "Case: Side Saddle Gas Tanks". Wadsworth.com. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
- ^ "History of the GM Side Saddle Gas Tank Defect | The Center for Autosafety". Autosafety.org. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
- ^ http://tech.mit.edu/V113/N3/gm.03w.html
- ^ http://tech.mit.edu/V113/N3/gm.03w.html
- ^ a b GM Wins Appeal Over Side-Saddle Gasoline Tanks : Courts: Jury had awarded $105 million to the parents of a 17-year-old boy who burned to death in traffic accident, Los Angeles Times, Donald W. Nauss, June 14, 1994.
- ^ G. M. Trucks Found to Be Fire Hazard Side-Saddle Tanks, New York Times, Barry Meier, Oct. 18, 1994.
- ^ "Vehicle grille". Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ "Designing the new Studebaker". Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ http://media.gm.com/media/us/en/chevrolet/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2012/Sep/0927_chevytrucks_95years.html
- ^ Chevrolet C/K Trucks Product Brochures. 1988–2002.
- ^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide. "1990–1991 Chevrolet 454 SS". HowStuffWorks.com. Retrieved 2009-05-29.
- ^ "Chevrolet: Moderno design brasileiro para a linha 64" [Modern Brazilian design for the 1964 cars line]. lexicarbrasil.com.br (in Portuguese). Retrieved 30 November 2014.
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chevrolet C/K.
- The scandal of punitive damages. Titled: "The Most Dangerous Vehicle On the Road", Wall Street Journal, February 9, 1993, By Walter Olson
Chevrolet, a marque of General Motors, light truck timeline, international market, 1950s–1970s — next »
|Full-size SUV
|K5 Blazer
|K5 Blazer
|Coupe utility
|El Camino
|El Camino
|El Camino
|El Camino
|El Camino
|Compact pickup
|Full-size pickup
|El Toro
|Advance Design
|Task Force
GMC, a marque of General Motors, light truck timeline, international market, 1980s–present
|Subcompact car
|Compact crossover
|Mid-size crossover
|Full-size crossover
|Compact SUV
|Mid-size SUV
|S-15 Jimmy
|Full-size SUV
|K5 Jimmy
|Yukon XL
|Yukon XL
|Yukon XL
|Coupé utility
|Compact pickup
|S-15 Sonoma
|Mid-size pickup
|Full-size pickup
|Vehicles are available only in Argentina
|Vehicles are available only in the Middle East
|Vehicles are available only in Canada


text:
Canon has posted a firmware update for its PowerShot SX280 HS digital compact camera. Version 184.108.40.206 incorporates the following fixes and improvements:
1. Increases the duration of movie shooting by 20% in cases where the optical zoom is used compared to cameras running Firmware Version 126.96.36.199 or Firmware Version 126.96.36.199 through a reduction in the power consumption of the optical zoom.
2. Fixes a phenomenon with cameras running firmware version 126.96.36.199, in which the low-battery-level warning is prematurely displayed while shooting in movie mode.
Website: Canon U.S.A. Support
Discover a wide range of digital cameras at low prices. Buy cheap cameras from Sony and Canon. Share your photos thanks to digital photo frames.
Varnam offers digital photo frame with built-in memory & battery.
© Copyright 2003-2008 Photo
360 Limited
Best Viewed at 1024x768 Screen Resolution

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|forgot password | create account
Or use
|about | help | code help+videos | done | prefs
Given a string, look for a mirror image (backwards) string at both the beginning and end of the given string. In other words, zero or more characters at the very begining of the given string, and at the very end of the string in reverse order (possibly overlapping). For example, the string "abXYZba" has the mirror end "ab".
mirrorEnds("abXYZba") → "ab"
mirrorEnds("abca") → "a"
mirrorEnds("aba") → "aba"
...Save, Compile, Run
Progress graphs:
Your progress graph for this problem
Random user progress graph for this problem
Random Epic Progress Graph
Difficulty: 324.0
Copyright Nick Parlante 2016 - privacy


text:
patrick leahy
The Senate voted largely along party lines, 68-31, Thursday afternoon to confirm Sonia Sotomayor to become the first Hispanic on the high court despite strong opposition by most Republican senators. Continue reading
In other news, the Senate Judiciary Committee voted 13-6 to recommend Supreme Court nominee Sonia Sotomayor as the first Hispanic justice, and consumer confidence fell for a second straight month. Continue reading
Sonia Sotomayor faced new questioning from lawmakers Wednesday. Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee Patrick Leahy and Sen. Charles Grassley give their take on the hearings. Continue reading
In a second, tense day of Senate testimony, Judge Sonia Sotomayor defended her past remarks about race while seeking to elaborate on her judicial philosophy. Kwame Holman recaps the day's events. Continue reading
The Senate Judiciary Committee launched hearings Monday on Judge Sonia Sotomayor's nomination to the Supreme Court. The National Law Journal's Marcia Coyle offers insight. Continue reading
Supreme Court nominee Sonia Sotomayor met with more lawmakers Wednesday as controversy continued to simmer over some of her past remarks. Sens. Lindsay Graham, R-S.C., and Ben Cardin, D-Md., weigh in on Sotomayor's nomination. Continue reading
As Supreme Court nominee Sonia Sotomayor finishes her first round of closed-door visits with lawmakers Tuesday, it won't be the first time she's faced questions from some of the senators who will decide if she ascends to the nation's highest court. Continue reading
Vermont Sen. Patrick Leahy, 69, is the chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee. Leahy and the now-ranking GOP member of the committee, Jeff Sessions of Alabama, will be responsible for overseeing the upcoming Supreme Court nomination hearings. Continue reading
Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Patrick Leahy called for a nonpartisan "truth commission" to investigate the Bush administration's policies on interrogation of terror detainees. Kwame Holman reports. Continue reading
Top aides to former Attorney General Alberto Gonzales violated federal law by allowing politics to influence the hiring of career prosecutors and judges, a new Justice Department investigation concludes. Continue reading


text:
Toshiba Thrive experiencing a few power issues
0. phoneArena posted on 18 Jul 2011, 01:08
The Toshiba Thrive, which is the companies first attempt at an Android 3.0 Honeycomb tablet, is said to be already experiencing multiple power issues amongst many users…
This is a discussion for a news. To read the whole news, click here
2. zuno gyakusatsu (Posts: 257; Member since: 16 Mar 2010)
Sounds like the typical android experience. Gotta match the garbage hardware with the garbage software.
3. LOL (unregistered)
You mean like the iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad are SOOO perfect right?
iPhone 4: Have to hold it a certain way just to make the f**kin' thing work. Apple denies their problem but gives away cheap pieces of rubber for a little while before discontinuing the giveaway. This forces new iPhone 4 users to buy that piece of trash and give Apple more money instead of Apple just fixing the issue.
iPod touch: The 4th gen version is PLAGUED with bugs such as light leakage (which eventually gets worse the more you use it), bad speakers, and the Home button not working. I sent my own iPod touch 4th gen back to Apple, not only did they f**k the back up with scratches (that's another thing...the back's practically made out of marshmallows it's so easy to destroy), they claimed nothing was wrong and sent it back wrapped in paper where it could easily be broken by careless UPS handlers. It STILL has the Home button problem.
iPad: Light leakage and bad screens all over the place. Again, Apple won't admit.
So yah...your iDevices are perfect, aren't they? By the way, Toshiba just released an update tonight that fixed the problem. :3 Apple will never ever do that because they KNOW you'll just waste more money on the next iPhone anyway.
4. derp (unregistered)
Good job letting your insecurities out in the open. nobody said a thing about iphone.
go cry in your corner and slit your wrists you idiot.
5. LOL (unregistered)
Aww...did I upset you, fanboy? :3c
Good to see you're not actually denying Apple's fails though.


text:
The annual review of political consultations between the Republic of Tajikistan and the United States took place yesterday in Dushanbe, Avesta news agency reported.
At the consultations the Tajik delegation was headed by Foreign Minister Hamrokhon Zarifi, Tajik Foreign Ministry's Information Department said.
The U.S. delegation was led by Assistant Secretary for South and Central Asian Affairs Robert Blake.
During the talks, the sides discussed issues of bilateral cooperation, development of economy and trade, ensuring a favourable investment climate, the state of human rights, including freedom of the media, religion, border security, as well as the fight against drug trafficking. Also on the agenda was the development of road and border infrastructure, implementation of railway projects, as well as water and environmental issues.
In addition, the consultation raised issues of cultural and educational cooperation.
It was noted that the development of long term, stable and friendly relations between Tajikistan and the United States are in the interest of both countries and will contribute to the development and promotion of peace in the region.
Summing up the results of consultations, the Foreign Minister expressed satisfaction with the discussions.


text:
Get a Free Advertising Car
People all over the world are being given free, brand new cars to drive, and they no longer have to worry about making a car payment or paying for maintenance.
Others are earning a great deal of money for simply having a magnetic/vinyl advertisement placed on their own car, while continuing to drive their normal everyday routes.
==>> Get a Free Advertising Car


text:
|Shopping Cart
About Illinois Tick Trefoil: This nitrogen-fixing native legume is a crucial food source for wild birds such as northern bobwhites, ruffed grouse, and wild turkeys. It also acts as a larval host for numerous butterflies including eastern tailed blue and silver spotted skipper. This plant�s genus name Desmodium means �long chain,� a reference to the unique segmented seed pods of this plant. The common names �Beggar�s Lice� and �Stick Tights� are derived from the tendency of the seed pods to stick to everything they touch.
Illinois Tick Trefoil Germination: Before planting, pour 180 degrees F water over the seed and let it soak overnight. Direct sow the treated seed �� deep in a firmly compacted seed bed. In cold regions this seed can also be planted in the fall, if sown late enough that the low temperatures delay germination until the spring. This plants adapts to most types of soil.
Growing Illinois Tick Trefoil Seeds: Water seedlings until they become established. Mature plants can tolerate drought, though they appreciate occasional watering in especially dry periods. Keep weeds under control for the healthiest plant growth. This plant does not self-seed heavily. The foliage is susceptible to powdery mildew; watch out for insect pests, especially Japanese beetles, which will also damage the plant. This plant attracts bees.
Harvesting Illinois Tick Trefoil: For fresh flowers, cut long stems of flowers that have just opened and place them in water immediately; strip the leaves that will fall below the water.
Saving Illinois Tick Trefoil Seeds: After flowering, this plant will produce distinctive �chains� of velvety seed pods that have a natural stickiness. Remove the pods as soon as they achieve their mature light brown color. The sticky pods make cleaning the seed rather difficult, but they can be planted just as they are after being soaked overnight in hot water to soften the pod and speed germination. Store the pods in a cool, dry place.
Detailed Illinois Tick Trefoil Info: Origin: US Native Other Common Names: Beggar�s Lice, Stick Tights Duration: Perennial Bloom Time: Summer Height: 48-60 inches Spacing: 24-36 inches Light: Full Sun to Part Shade Soil Moisture: Dry USDA Zone: 4a-7b Seeds Per Oz: 4,300 Produces a plant with sets of three 3� green leaflets and sparsely flowering spikes with �� pale purple and white blossoms.


text:
Business Team Challenge
Promote wellness and fitness through your business/organization, and get involved! Join us for a friendly business-to-business competition.
- Business must register a team of 10 people or more, designating a lead
- Each team member can register for the race of their choice (5K, Half, Full Marathon, Think Differently Dash).
- A Business Team can include family and friends.
- Reach out to other business partners and challenge them to your race!
- On race day, the team members must be identifiable in some way (e.g. t-shirts, hats, headbands with logo).
- Winning Business Teams will be recognized via awards and publicity (e.g. local press, business newsletter).
Winner Categories
- The Spirit of the Walkway Award: Team demonstrating most spirit.
- The Fastest Connection Award: Team with best time for 5K; for Half; and Full Marathon.
- The Weekend Challenge Award: Team(s) that participated in both Saturday and Sunday races.
- The Tweeter Award: Team with the most tweets and re-tweets.
- The Green Award: Team who can demonstrate the best green practices.
- The Big Team Award: Team with most participants (based by percent of total employee population).
#ExperiencetheWalkway │ #WalkwayChallengeAccepted │ #WalkwayMarathon
Business Challege Guidelines
You must designate a team leader as a focal point for communication, giving that name to the Walkway Marathon race director, Susanne O'Neil.
Already registered? Contact Susanne O'Neil at email@example.com or 845-454-9649 (x 109) to update your registration form with your business/organization affliation.
Registering for a Race
Registering as an individual: You can sign up by clicking the following link - REGISTER NOW (if you are registering for the Think Differently Dash, please click here). Once you've signed the waiver and filled out basic information, you will be prompted to fill out additional details on the next page.
In the highlighted area, fill in the name of the organization you will be running with.
Register as an Organization
Registering as an organization: Prior to registering, please be sure that you have all needed information (birthdays, emergency contacts, etc.) for each entry. You can sign up by clicking the following link - REGISTER NOW (if you are registering for the Think Differently Dash, please click here). In the top right-hand corner of the page, you will see the prompt illustrated in the photo below. PLEASE ONLY SELECT THIS OPTION IF YOU ARE THE LEAD OF YOUR COMPANY'S TEAM, OR WILL BE REGISTERING 5 OR MORE INDIVIDUALS WITHIN YOUR ORGANIZATION.
Once you select this option, you will see the change reflected in the registration page as illustrated below.
For each attendee that you enter, please still fill out the group as prompted (see below).
If you have any questions, please contact the Walkway office at 845-454-9649.
Considerations for Winner Categories
- The Spirit of the Walkway Award: This is the team demonstrating the most spirit during Walkway Marathon weekend. Some examples of team spirit include team shirts, hats, ensembles, team cheering sections at the finish, social media engagement, etc.
- The Fastest Connection Award: This is the team(s) with the best time in the 5K, Half Marathon, Full Marathon, and the team with the fastest time in all three races.
- The Weekend Challenge Award: This is the team who has athletes participating in all four races.
- The Tweeter Award: This is the most social team, garnering the most tweets and re-tweets! The team must use one of the Walkway Marathon hashtags AND include a creative hashtag for your business team in all tweets, so we can track your progress. Get a head start, and start tweeting as soon as you register!
- The Green Award: The team lead must submit a very short paragraph prior to June 10th, describing what your business/organization does to promote recycling on an ongoing basis. Please send this directly to the race director, Susanne O'Neil.
- The Big Team Award: This is the team with the most participants (based on percent of total employees).
Announcement of Winners
The winning teams will be notified at the beginning of July and will be recognized:
- On the Walkway Over the Hudson website.
- At the Dutchess County Regional Chamber of Commerce Contact Breakfast Meeting on July 19th.
- Stay tuned for other venues!


text:
It says the couple have been denied many royal privileges, including the loss of their "grace and favour" London apartment within seven years.
The article, in next month's Tatler magazine, comes after last year's sustained media and political criticism that the couple allegedly did little in return for the luxury of living at Kensington Palace for a peppercorn rent.
Historian Andrew Roberts reveals the full extent of the Queen's moves to sideline the couple and keep them out of the high-profile position enjoyed by other royals.
The article suggests the couple were bullied by the Queen's senior advisers into accepting a "voluntary deal" last December where they would give up their Kensington Palace apartment.
The Kents were informed the Queen would pay their rent of £125,000 a year for seven years, after which they would have to leave their home, with no alternative accommodation offered.
Frozen out
It also reveals how the Kents have been left off the court circular, which lists their public engagements, leading to criticisms of laziness and poor value for money.
Mr Roberts says: "In reality, both the Prince and Princess have undertaken a heavy programme of public duties ever since their marriage.
The article suggests Prince Michael, the Queen's cousin, feels aggrieved that he is the only member of the royal family with the HRH title - other than his wife - not to have been offered an honorary military title.
"Even though he served in the army for 20 years and his father died on active service in the Second World War, he has been dropped from the wreath-laying ceremony at the cenotaph on Remembrance Day," says Mr Roberts.
However, the Queen's hard line did not end here, the article claims.
Mr Roberts says: "The latest humiliation came this year when Prince Michael was informed that he won't henceforth be receiving the same courtesies as other members of the royal family from British embassies abroad."
The historian makes a fierce attack on the Queen later in the article, claiming there was a deliberate campaign to move them out of Kensington Palace.
He says: "When the Kents posed the hypothetical question of whether they would be allowed to stay after 2009... they were told no.
"This proves that the palace campaign was not about saving money, but was intended to evict them."
Catholic legacy
Prince and Princess Michael of Kent are the only HRHs not on the civil list and this, says Mr Roberts, is down to "the religious bigotry of the 18th century".
The 1701 Act of Settlement - which is still in force - states that no-one married to a Catholic can accede to the throne.
"When Prince Michael married the Catholic Baroness Marie-Christine von Reibnitz, he lost his place in the line to the throne and any hope of being included on the civil list."
He says: "The Windsors do not have a good record of helping their cousins in times of need.
"The Queen's grandfather, King George V, on the strong advice of his courtiers, reneged on an earlier promise to grant asylum to his cousin Tsar Nicholas II and his family after the outbreak of the revolution.
"This effectively ensured they were left to the mercy of the Bolsheviks.
"The way the Tsar's kinsman Prince Michael of Kent, and his family are being treated is the 21st century peacetime equivalent of that most callous betrayal."


text:
Need more advice? Ask the community a question.
Does this phone last long and durable and good at call waiting and texting
I have just bought a 5310, but all of a sudden the volume control on the side doesn't work. If I hold the "volume down" on the side it activates voice recognition, but I want it to control the volume :(
Can someone please help?


text:
SWINDON Town could not take the risk of offering Troy Archibald-Henville anything more than a pay as you play contract for next season, according to chairman Lee Power.
Archibald-Henville put pen to paper on a two-year deal with Carlisle United yesterday after snubbing Swindon's offer, ending a two-year association with the Wiltshire club.
The former Tottenham centre-back has been plagued by knee injuries during his time with the Robins and, though he was excellent upon his return to the first team towards the end of last term, Power felt that there was an element of danger in putting a long-term deal on the table.
The Advertiser understands Swindon offered Archibald-Henville a significantly reduced basic wage with pay as you play bonuses making up a large chunk of the overall package - the best the club could reasonably afford, in the eyes of the chairman.
Power said: "He's a lovely lad, fantastic player, but we can't afford, with our budget, to have someone that could break down at any time and then we have to carry his wages through the rest of the season.
"The deal we offered him was mainly based on a pay-as-you-play package and he felt maybe he could get a better deal somewhere else.
"I hope he does because he's a lovely lad, it's just at the moment we can't take those type of risks."
Meanwhile, Power has stressed that he and manager Mark Cooper have continued "working tirelessly" in the transfer market despite two months of uncertainty and High Court drama.
"I've been working on the back burner anyway. There's certain things I couldn't sign up to.
"I couldn't do this, I couldn't do that because of the restrictions we was under.
"Things have been in place. Me and Mark have been working tirelessly. We've got ideas, we've got targets, and we've got to wait now for them to come to fruition.
"My model's always been that we need to get the club on a sound footing. I believe with my contacts I can get a team that can be competitive for a fraction of the price and then when I'm long gone and Sangita (Shah) is long gone, the football club's in a healthy position.
"That's all I'm trying to do.
"I know there's loads of fans that would like to spend millions and millions on players, but unfortunately I haven't got millions and millions."


text:
Demi Lovato may be more comfortable in her skin these days, but the former Disney Channel star can't seem to stick with one hair color.
The 19-year-old "All Night Long" singer lightened up her dark locks this summer, rocking Jennifer Lopez-inspired honey highlights.
In November, she showed off a new fiery hair color in a Twitpic. A source told Us Weekly that the star had a booked an appointment to go "super red" at Los Angeles' Nine Zero One Salon. Unfortunately the vibrant hue quickly faded ("Bummed my red hair didn't stay well," she Tweeted), leaving her with a rich auburn color.
And now Lovato changed up her hair again, debuting an even bolder red shade while shopping in Los Angeles on Tuesday.
Tell Us: Which is your favorite hair color on Demi?


text:
Charles J. "Chuck" Nathe, age 58 of New Munich, died peacefully surrounded by his family after a short battle with cancer on Saturday, February 9, 2013 at his home in New Munich, Minnesota.
A Mass of Christian Burial will be held at 11 a.m. Thursday, February 14 at Immaculate Conception Catholic Church in New Munich with Rev. Roger Klassen, O.S.B. officiating. Interment will be in the parish cemetery. Military Honors provided by the Melrose Veterans Honor Guard.
Visitation will be held from 4 to 8 p.m. Wednesday and 8 to 10 a.m. Thursday at the Patton-Schad Funeral Home in Melrose. Parish prayers will be held at 5 p.m. Wednesday evening at the funeral home.
Charles Joseph Nathe was born September 11, 1954 in Sauk Centre, Minnesota to Leo and Dorothy (Younkin) Nathe. He graduated from Sauk Centre High School in 1972 and served in the U.S. Army from 1973 through 1977. On May 27, 1978 he married Barbara Essler at Our Lady of the Angels Catholic Church in Sauk Centre. Chuck worked at Landy Packing Company from 1977 through 1985 and then began working as a truck driver at Jennie-O Foods for 28 years. Chuck lived in Melrose from 1978 through 1989 until moving into his home in New Munich.
He was a member of Immaculate Conception Catholic Church in New Munich. Chuck was an outdoorsman who enjoyed camping, gardening, deer hunting and fishing. He truly enjoyed his job and loved spending time with his friends and family, especially his grandchildren. Chuck also enjoyed his trips with his brothers and sisters-in law, especially the trips to Duluth. He also loved a good talk of politics, if you were on the same page as he was.
Survivors include his wife, Barb Nathe of New Munich; children, Jolene Engebretson of New Munich, Joseph Nathe of New Munich, and Jeffrey Nathe (Nichole LeClaire) of New Munich; grandchildren, Shelby, Ellie, Bobbi Rae, John, Tyler, Isabella, Theresia and Olivia; brothers and sisters, Helen Fritzlar of Sauk Centre, Ruth Ann (Robert) Rieland of Sauk Centre, Donna (Eugene) Illies of Elrosa, James (Anne) Nathe of Osakis, Frank Nathe of Sugar Hill, GA, Alfred (Clara) Nathe of Melrose and William (Georgine) Nathe of Freeport; son-in-law, John "JR" Engebretson, Jr. of New Richmond, WI; sister-in-law, Debra Essler of Melrose; and many nieces and nephews.
Chuck was preceded in death by his parents; three infant brothers; brothers-in-law, Harold Fritzlar and Eugene Essler; and sister-in-law, Eileen Nathe.
Serving as casket bearers will be John Klein, John Broermann, Jeremy Rieland, Ryan Pundsack, Jeff Middendorf, and Dave Sauer. Cross bearer will be William Nathe and scripture bearer will be Dave Rieland.
Arrangements were made with Patton-Schad Funeral & Cremation Services of Melrose.


text:
Haywire hits cinemas this week, starring the kickass and extraordinarily cool Gina Carano as a CIA-trained, independent contractor who goes on the run and starts opening up huge barrels of whoop-ass after someone, somewhere marks her for death. It's directed by Steven Soderbergh and co-stars a host of famous faces – but the fact remains that Carano herself isn't well known outside mixed martial arts (MMA) and stunt circles. So how do filmmakers entice audiences in to see newcomers like this given a chance? We examine a few previous successful strategies...
Haywire's already gone this route, adding the likes of Ewan McGregor, Antonio Banderas, Michael Douglas, Michael Fassbender and Channing Tatum to the cast around Carano. But it's a very common approach to surround lesser-known leads with established talent to give the film that veneer of class. Whether it's a raft of talented character actors – as in John Carter, say, or The Hunger Games – or a plethora of no-question-about-it stars – as in Tim Burton's Alice In Wonderland – doesn't really matter. This is distinct, incidentally, from a truly ensemble piece: there is a lead here, identifiable by the fact that they're the one person onscreen you don't recognise.
Never heard of Michael Stuhlbarg? Doesn't matter! Chances are that if you go to see A Serious Man it's because you'll pretty much go see anything that the Coen Brothers produce, because – dagnabbit – that pair know what they're about. The same goes for a small but select group of directors who can cast anyone they like because it's their name that's the selling point. Steven Spielberg more-or-less takes this approach with War Horse: to the extent that there's a lead there, it's newcomer Jeremy Irvine, and he's surrounded not by big names but by other character actors and about-to-be-huge-stars like Tom Hiddleston and Benedict Cumberbatch. It's Spielberg's name that has guaranteed a wide opening.
This is often employed when the lead is an unknown and the part a desirable and talked-about one. The classic instance is, of course, the search for Scarlett O'Hara in Gone With The Wind, wherein genius producer David O. Selznick met with eventual star Vivien Leigh very early in the casting process, but kept the publicity rolling with repeated claims to be talking to every starlet in the world and any number of wannabes about the part as well. By the time Leigh was confirmed in the role, it was big enough news that everyone heard her name. The same strategy was used for Harry Potter and is common in Bond casting, but a more recent example – albeit a slightly less cynical one, we suspect – was David Fincher casting Rooney Mara in The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo.
This is the name of the game in comic-book movies. Christopher Reeve, Brandon Routh, Chris Hemsworth, Hugh Jackman – all were unknowns when they were catapulted into the spotlight after landing a superhero role. There's a strong argument, in fact, that the more iconic the character in advance of production, the less you want a big star: you don't want the star's baggage distracting from his nice shiny claws or flappy red cloak. Tobey Maguire or Christian Bale, pre-Spider-Man and Batman respectively, are about as starry as you want to go – and both were, let's face it, indie rather than mainstream leading men. After all, casting a star in Daredevil didn't exactly pay off…
While Shia LaBeouf had had supporting roles in a few proper blockbusters and enjoyed success in his own right with Disturbia, he was pretty much unknown when he was cast in Transformers. Still, never mind: did you see that bit in the trailer where the robots chase one another along the freeway? AMAZING. And sure, you're not sure who Leo Whatsit or Kate Whozzit are, but you're probably up for watching one of the biggest disasters of the 20th century onscreen, if only to see more of that bit in the trailer where the guy bounces off the propeller. This also goes for Sam Worthington and Zoe Saldana in Avatar: while both are intensely likeable screen presences and decent actors, we all really went for the blue stuff. Sorry guys.
You know who'd heard of Sigourney Weaver prior to Alien? Practically no-one – but Ridley Scott made his case, convinced the studio and got his choice for Ripley. If you've got the right person, just shoot a few more screentests until you wear the studio down and convince them you've got the right person. There'll always be time to turn your star into an actual star later. Your confidence may pay off: Roland Emmerich gave the Fresh Prince of Bel Air a chance in Independence Day, and that didn't turn out so badly. The fact that no one had heard of Harrison Ford or Mark Hamill didn't exactly hurt Star Wars either. If they have the charisma and the talent you need, things will probably turn out OK.


text:
Russia Prepares Armed Forces for Syrian Military Deployment
by Clara Weiss
Global Research
July 28, 2012
Given the worsening crisis in Syria, the Nezavisimaya Gazeta newspaper reported [June 2012] that the Russian army is apparently being prepared for a mission in Syria. Citing anonymous sources in the military leadership, the newspaper said that Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered the general staff to work out a plan for military operations outside Russia, including in Syria.
The units being prepared for an intervention are the 76th Division of airborne forces (an especially experienced unit of the Russian army), the 15th Army Division, as well as special forces from a brigade of the Black Sea fleet, which has a base in the Syrian port of Tartus.
The details of the operational plan are being prepared by the working parties of the Collective Security Treaty Organisation, to which most of the post-Soviet states belong, as well as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, to which China and Russia belong.
According to the newspaper report, deployment depends on the decision of the Russian government and the UN. However, the plans also foresee that the troops might intervene without UN approval. The Russian government has so far not confirmed the report.
On Monday last week, three Russian warships were sighted off the Syrian coast. An anonymous source from the Russian government told the Iranian newspaper Tehran Times that Moscow wants to show NATO that it will not allow any military operation against Damascus under the guise of a humanitarian mission.
Earlier, the secretary-general of the Collective Security Treaty Organization, Nikolai Bordjusha, had held out the possibility of using "peacekeepers" in Syria. "The task in Syria is likely to be to impose peace—primarily against the insurgents, who use weapons to solve political problems."
Russia and China strongly oppose a military intervention by NATO in Syria, and have already blocked two UN resolutions on the issue. The US and its allies, especially Turkey, Saudi Arabia and France, have stoked up a civil war in Syria and are systematically arming the so-called rebels, who consist mainly of Islamists, ex-members of the government, or Al Qaeda terrorists. Turkey is increasingly in the leadership of the US proxy war in Syria.
In recent weeks calls for a military intervention in Syria have increased. After the massacre in Houla, French President Francois Hollande spoke out in favour of military intervention. The West blamed the government of Bashar al-Assad for this massacre without any clear evidence. The German elite is also openly discussing a possible military intervention; Berlin has tried unsuccessfully to push Russia to make concessions on the issue.
Russia has not excluded a "political solution", i.e., the slow transition from the Assad regime to another government. At all costs, however, the Kremlin wants to avoid the violent overthrow of Assad by the West for several reasons, whether it is through direct military intervention by NATO or is brought about by the rebels armed by the West. Two weeks ago, Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev warned that a military intervention in Syria could quickly escalate and lead to the use of nuclear weapons.
The Rest…HERE


text:
All Tags
Pigeon backup was made out of a basic need - to provide a simple, friendly and useful backup utility to backup all applications. Pigeon can be easily run via command-line and using the correct arguments you'll be able to mirror entire directories in a flash.
Publisher: Jalpesh Patadia
Tags: folder backup, file backup,
From Utilities Category:
Of All: