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Online Publications
Paul Vincelli, Extension Plant Pathologist, and Gary Parker, Extension Swine Specialist
Certain Fusarium fungi are capable of causing a variety of diseases in corn, including seedling disease, stalk rots, and ear rots. In addition to their direct effect on corn yields, Fusarium fungi sometimes produce mycotoxins (poisonous substances produced by fungi) in the infected ears and kernels. The mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp. in cereal grains are second only to the aflatoxins in attracting the attention of scientists and farmers.
Three mycotoxin-producing Fusarium fungi are common in Kentucky corn fields:
Under certain conditions, kernels infected by F. verticillioides or Fusarium proliferatum can become contaminated with fumonisins. Fumonisins (fumonisin B1 and related fumonisins) have been implicated in equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM), also called blind staggers and moldy corn disease, and porcine pulmonary edema. Studies have also established the cancer-promoting activities of fumonisins. Of the mycotoxins produced by F. graminearum, two are common: vomitoxinalso called deoxynivalenol (DON)and zearalenone. In vomitoxin-sensitive animals, such as swine, the presence of vomitoxin can cause feed refusal, and zearalenone can cause estrogenic syndrome. In addition to the fungi listed above, Fusarium subglutinans can also produce toxins in corn, including fusaproliferin.
Studies show that fumonisins are the most frequent mycotoxin in corn for our region and in the United States. For example, scientists at Purdue University surveyed mycotoxin occurrence in Indiana corn harvested from 1989 to 1993. The researchers began surveying for fumonisin in 1991, and they found that fumonisins were the most frequently detected mycotoxins in Indiana corn harvested during the period 1991 to 1993. However, fumonisin contamination varied greatly from year to year. For example, in 1991, almost all (96 percent) of 328 corn samples evaluated had some Fusarium ear rot. Of the 113 most severe samples, 44 percent had fumonisin levels above 5 ppm (parts per million). In contrast to 1991, all lots tested were below 5 ppm in 1992. More recent surveys from various regions of the United States show that fumonisins are commonly present in corn, although usually at levels below those known to pose a health risk.
In the Purdue study cited above, vomitoxin (DON) and zearalenone were detected less frequently than fumonisins. Vomitoxin was found above 1 ppm in 10 to 23 percent of fields sampled in 1990, 1992, and 1993 but not in any fields in 1989 and 1991. Zearalenone was not found above 1 ppm in any field sampled during the period from 1989 through 1993.
Data on the occurrence of mycotoxins in Kentucky indicate that the Purdue survey is representative of the general trends observed in the commonwealth. Preharvest mycotoxin contamination of Kentucky corn at levels that warrant concern is generally not common; however, mycotoxin contamination often occurs postharvest when corn is stored improperly.
F. verticillioides is widespread in the midwestern and southeastern United States. A closely related fungusF. proliferatumalso occurs regularly, but much less is known about the biology of this fungus. Corn seeds and plants showing no symptoms are commonly infected with F. verticillioides. Usually, the majority of plants in a given field have symptomless infections of F. verticillioides. F. verticillioides can sometimes also be detected in crop debris on the soil surface.
Kernels may become infected in several ways. Probably the most common pathway is infection via the silk channel. Airborne spores of F. verticillioides are produced on corn residue and can land on corn silks. Once there, the spores germinate and infect the silks, especially as they turn green-brown and brown. The fungus then grows down the silk channel and among the developing kernels. Green silks are relatively resistant to infection and colonization, whereas green-brown and brown silks can be colonized by the fungus. Once F. verticillioides is in contact with kernels, it may enter them through the silk scars or through cracks and breaks in the seed coat. Another manner of spread of F. verticillioides is by the European corn borer and other insects, such as the corn earworm. The feeding activities of insects may spread spores to silks or directly to kernels and can create wounds in kernels, which are then colonized by the fungus. Kernels may also become infected via internal, systemic infection of the corn plant. F. verticillioides can internally colonize plants grown from infected seed. As plants grow from infected seed, internal colonization occurs in the stalk, the ear shank, the cob, and ultimately the kernels themselves.
Under certain conditions that are stressful for the corn plant, the fungus becomes pathogenic and causes disease of infected tissues. Infected seeds usually germinate normally and produce healthy seedlings, although F. verticillioides can cause damping off of seedlings under certain conditions, especially in supersweet corn hybrids. Stalk rot, ear rot, and kernel rot can occur in infected tissues, although many times infected tissues have no symptoms. There are no diagnostic symptoms or signs of Fusarium stalk rot, and it can be difficult to distinguish this from Gibberella stalk rot. The pith of the lower internodes becomes spongy as maturity approaches, taking on a whitish-pink to salmon discoloration. Distinctive fungal structures in tissues are rare, and laboratory analysis is required for definitive diagnosis.
Where Fusarium kernel or ear rots occur, symptoms often occur on individual kernels or groups of kernels scattered over the ear (Figure 1). Kernels often exhibit salmon-pink to reddish discoloration on the kernel cap, and the damage is sometimes associated with insect injury. White streaks radiating down from the tops of kernels ("starbursting") is another symptom associated with F. verticillioides; however, other fungi can cause these symptoms as well. Once symptoms develop, the pathogen may continue to spread on the ear and form a heavy cottony mycelial growth that can consume the entire ear.
Figure 1. Fusarium kernel rot. Note randomly scattered occurrence of damaged kernels. (Disregard the missing kernels on the lower ear.)
Rots caused by F. verticillioides and contamination by fumonisins appear to be favored by drought stress prior to and during silking. While infection of intact kernels may be symptomless, rotting and fumonisin contamination often occur when the same kernels are damaged during maturation by birds or lepidopterous insects (corn earworms, European corn borers, or fall armyworms). Damaged, Fusarium-rotted kernels typically contain higher fumonisin levels than intact, healthy grain. This explains why corn screenings are often associated with animal toxicoses attributed to fumonisins. Fumonisin contamination is typically highest in lots with moderate to high levels of Fusarium ear rot. Fumonisin levels are often (but not always) roughly correlated with the level of Fusarium ear rot damage. However, fumonisin contamination can occur even in visibly healthy corn, although at much lower levels than in diseased kernels.
As a group, high-lysine hybrids have a higher incidence and severity of Fusarium kernel rot than do normal varieties.
The minimum moisture for growth of F. verticillioides in corn kernels is 18 percent. Thus, timely harvest, prompt drying (within 24 hours of harvest), and moisture management in storage are all important in reducing the risk of fumonisin contamination.
F. graminearum is common on Kentucky farms where corn and small grains are grown. In addition to causing stalk and ear rots in corn, F. graminearum causes head scab of small grains.
The fungus survives in soil on residues of small grains and corn. As an aggressive colonist of dead plant tissues, the fungus can also grow on and survive in soybean residue even though it does not cause disease on growing soybean plants. F. graminearum sometimes can continue to colonize crop residues for several weeks after harvest. The fungus best survives in residues on the soil surface. Burial by plowing reduces but does not eliminate survival and production of inoculum (spores that can initiate infection).
During cool, wet weather, spores of F. graminearum are produced on infested residue for one to three years following harvest of the susceptible crop. These can be spread by rainsplash or air movement to corn silks where they germinate and colonize the silks during wet weather. In contrast to F. verticillioides, F. graminearum requires succulent silk tissue, less than eight to 10 days old, for infection. By growing down the silk channel, the fungus is able to attack the developing ear and cause an ear rot. A reddish-brown discoloration of kernels progresses from the tip downward in affected ears (Figure 2). A whitish-red mold growth may be present on highly affected ears.
Figure 2. Gibberella ear rot. Note how rot typically progresses from the tip of the ear downward. (Disregard the missing kernels on the lower two ears.)
Stalks affected by Gibberella stalk rot, caused by F. graminearum, have a pink to reddish discoloration of the pith and vascular strands. An identifying feature is the presence of tiny, round, bluish-black perithecia (fungal fruiting bodies) that form on the surface of infected stalks in the fall or the following spring. These fruiting bodies are easily scraped off with a thumbnail. Laboratory diagnosis is recommended for positive diagnosis.
Wet weather and moderate temperatures around the time of silking favor ear rot development. The fungus can continue to grow and rot ears when corn is left standing in the field. Most cases of mycotoxin contamination of corn caused by F. graminearum are associated with excessively postponing harvest and/or storing high-moisture corn. Contamination of corn with vomitoxin is most abundant at temperatures of 70° to 85°F and grain moisture levels above 20 percent; optimal temperatures for zearalenone accumulation are 65° to 85°F.
At least three chemical classes of mycotoxins are produced by Fusarium fungi. Fumonisins are a recently discovered class of mycotoxin and have been associated with damage to brain function in horses and pulmonary disease in swine. A number of Fusarium toxins fall into the chemical class trichothecenes. These include T-2, vomitoxin (deoxynivalenol, or DON), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), monoacetoxyscirpenol (MAS), and nivalenol. The trichothecene that is generally of concern in Kentucky is vomitoxin. The trichothecenes as a group are strong irritants and have been associated with naturally occurring outbreaks of vomiting, feed refusal, and possibly gastric ulcers when consumed. Zearalenone represents a third chemical class of Fusarium mycotoxin. It possesses estrogenic activity and, when consumed by animals, has been associated with reproductive problems, such as abortions, false heat, recycling, reabsorption of fetuses and mummies, and vulval-uterine prolapse.
Of the identified fumonisins produced by the fungus F. verticillioides, B1, B2, and B3 are the most abundant in contaminated food and feed. Fumonisin B1 is the most common, comprising approximately 75 percent of the total fumonisin content. This mycotoxin has been associated with equine leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM) and pulmonary edema in swine. It has also been associated with esophageal cancer in humans in certain regions of South Africa and China where consumption of fumonisin-contaminated corn has been common. In addition to their adverse affect on the brain, liver, and lungs, fumonisins also affect the kidneys, pancreas, testes, thymus, gastrointestinal tract, and blood cells. There is also concern that consumption of fumonisins during early pregnancy could result in elevated risk of neural tube defect in the developing fetus.
Horses consuming diets contaminated with fumonisins develop ELEM. This condition is characterized by a sudden onset of one or more of the following signs: frenzy, aimless circling, head pressing, paresis, ataxia, blindness, depression, and hyperexcitability. The primary pathologic feature of ELEM is softening and liquefying of the cerebral hemispheres of the brain. In conjunction with ELEM, muscular melting and cardiac failure have been reported in horses.
Current evidence suggests that horses consuming diets containing levels as low as 8 ppm fumonisin B may be at risk to develop ELEM. Symptoms will develop in about seven to 35 days. Horses are the most sensitive species to this toxin. Horses developing symptoms of ELEM usually die; recovery is rare. There could be a wide variability in individual susceptibility, especially in field cases due to variable length of exposure with different levels of fumonisins.
Studies with chicks and pigs have indicated that lymphocyte viability is reduced by fumonisins, which can have a negative impact on the immune system. As mentioned earlier, this toxin has also been associated with pulmonary edema in swine. The mycotoxin fusaric acid (another toxin associated with F. verticillioides) has been reported to interfere with normal bone development of pigs and chickens.
Steers have been fed diets with 150 ppm fumonisins, resulting in some liver lesions. Overall, cattle appear to be less susceptible to fumonisins compared to other species.
Vomitoxin is a metabolite of F. graminearum that usually causes pigs to vomit following consumption of feed with high concentrations of the toxin. Swine are the most sensitive livestock species to vomitoxin. The most common effect of vomitoxin is reduced feed intake or feed refusal. Diets containing 5 ppm can reduce feed intake by 30 to 50 percent. Vomiting has been reported in swine ingesting finishing diets containing greater than 10 ppm vomitoxin. The reason pigs refuse feed containing vomitoxin is not known. There is little evidence that smell, taste, or a combination of the two is responsible. The lowered weight gain associated with the toxin is due directly to the reduction in feed intake. This can be somewhat compensated for by increasing the nutrient concentration of the diet, depending on the magnitude of feed reduction, which is positively correlated to the level of toxin in the diet. In studies conducted at the University of Kentucky, gain decreased approximately 8 percent and feed intake 10 percent for each 1 ppm increase of vomitoxin in the diet.
There are few reports available on the effect of vomitoxin on pregnant and lactating females. In one study, gilts fed diets containing 3.5 ppm vomitoxin had decreased feed consumption and growth rate and had a trend toward reduced fetal weight and length, but no macroscopic signs of abnormal fetal development were evident between 50 and 54 days of pregnancy.
Experimental studies with vomitoxin-contaminated grains have been conducted in broilers and layers. Adverse production effects were not observed in broilers and layers ingesting feed contaminated with up to 5 ppm in the diet for 168 days. Effects on a hen's egg production, egg weight, feed efficiency, fertility, or chick weights at hatching were not detected in layers ingesting feed containing 18 ppm vomitoxin in the diet. Also, reports have indicated that no ill effects were detected in turkey poults given a diet containing 5 ppm of vomitoxin.
Ruminants appear to be less sensitive to dietary vomitoxin concentrations than are monogastrics (particularly swine), perhaps due to the presence of rumen microorganisms. It is postulated that these microorganisms partially degrade the toxin prior to absorption into the blood stream and vital organs of the animal.
In trials with dairy cattle, up to 6.5 ppm vomitoxin has been fed to dry cows and 12 ppm to lactating cows in the concentrate dry matter for 42 and 70 days, respectively, with no effect on milk production, body weights, or milk composition. Experiments with cattle and sheep also indicate that the effect of vomitoxin on animal health or performance is negligible. Diets containing vomitoxin, but negative for other prevalent toxins, indicate that up to 15 or 10 ppm vomitoxin in the diet dry matter were tolerated by sheep and cattle, respectively, without any adverse effects on animal health or performance.
Zearalenone is another common toxic metabolite produced by F. graminearum. This estrogenic mycotoxin affects reproductive efficiency but generally not feed intake. Swine are the most susceptible to the effects of zearalenone. In the prepubertal female, classic field observations of animals ingesting 1 to 5 ppm zearalenone include vulval reddening and/or swelling, which may progress to vaginal or rectal prolapse. The teats and mammary glands also become enlarged. These outward changes are accompanied by an enlarged, potentially twisted uterus and shrunken ovaries. On withdrawal of contaminated feed, clinical signs disappear within three to four weeks. There is little evidence of permanent changes interfering with subsequent reproductive processes.
Compared with the immature female, zearalenone ingestion causes more disruptive changes in the mature female. Levels of 3 to 10 ppm ingested by mature females have induced pseudopregnancy. The females do not cycle and cannot be mated successfully, and the breeding program is disrupted. Also, placental membrane weights can potentially be reduced, affecting fetal development. In view of present knowledge, giving pregnant and lactating sows feed containing zearalenone at levels exceeding 4 to 5 ppm would be risky if reproductive efficiency were expected to remain at optimum level.
In young males, levels exceeding 10 ppm of zearalenone in the diet have reduced libido, resulting in atrophy of the testes and enlargement of the mammary gland. Mature boars appear to be able to tolerate high levels of zearalenone without any effect on the reproductive system.
Broiler chicks and laying hens are not greatly affected by zearalenone, even when consuming large quantities of the toxin. Turkeys, on the other hand, when eating feed containing 300 ppm, developed enlarged vents within four days. However, no other gross effects were noted.
When sheep were fed a level of 12 ppm zearalenone in diet dry matter for 10 days prior to introduction of the ram, they exhibited prolonged estrous behavior, reduced ovulation rate, and reduced fertility. There were no effects of the toxin on embryo survival or lambing performance when this level was fed for 10 days immediately post-mating. However, zearalenone may exert its toxic effects by accumulating in the body when low levels are fed long-term or as a result of short-term exposure to high concentrations. For instance, reduced ovulation rate was evident in ewes exposed to 1.5 ppm of the toxin in diet dry matter content for only 10 days pre-mating, while ovulation rate was reduced in ewes exposed to only 0.5 ppm for 20 to 40 days pre-mating. Apparently, only ewes are affected by zearalenone when dosed prior to mating. Rams fed 2.5 ppm zearalenone in the dry matter portion of the diet for 30 days had normal semen production and fertility.
The effects of zearalenone on reproductive performance of cattle is not clearly defined. Recommendations in the literature would indicate not to exceed 5 ppm in the dry matter portion of the diet fed to growing heifers prior to their first breeding. Heifers fed 15 ppm zearalenone in the dry matter portion of the diet had reduced ovulation rates. Reported effects of zearalenone on production and reproduction of mature cows have not been consistent enough to suggest acceptable levels. Some studies have exposed either dry or lactating cows to levels of 100 ppm in the dry matter portion of the diet for up to 42 days with no adverse physiological effects, although some swollen genitalia were observed. It would appear that mature cows may be more resistant to zearalenone toxicosis than heifers.
Collecting a representative sample is critical to obtaining accurate estimates of mycotoxin concentration. Studies show that up to 90 percent of the variability in test results comes from sampling variability.
For stationary shelled corn, sample using a grain probe, sometimes referred to as a "trier" (Figure 3). Don't collect a sample just from the most convenient place, such as the top of the truck or storage bin. The odds are good that this will give a misleading result, since mycotoxins are distributed very unevenly in a lot of corn. Details on sampling patterns appropriate to different grain carriers are provided in the publication Grain Fungal Diseases and Mycotoxin Reference. Take a minimum of 4 to 5 probefuls (preferably 10 probefuls) and collect 10 pounds of corn. For a moving stream of grain, use a diverter-type mechanical sampler (Figure 4). If one is not available, cautiously grabbing fistfuls can also be suitable; take care to avoid personal injury.
Figure 3. Double-tube grain probe or "trier" in top image. The separate components are shown in the bottom image. The outer tube blocks the openings to the inner tube until the probe is inserted into the grain; the outer tube is then rotated, exposing the openings of the inner tube so that they may fill with grain.
Figure 4. Diverter-type sampler installed in spout. (Courtesy, USDA Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyard Administration, Technical Services Division)
If the test is not to be performed within 12 to 24 hours, dry the corn to below 16 percent moisture. If high-moisture corn is held for an extended period of time before testing, the test results may not be accurate, as Fusarium fungi can continue to grow and produce mycotoxins in the sample.
Grind the aggregate sample and mix it very well. A 1- or 2-pound subsample should be drawn from that; a riffle divider is the best way to obtain a representative subsample. Blend this subsample by lifting or rolling the ends of the bag to the opposite side and repeating at least ten times. A final subsample can be drawn from this for testing. Be sure to thoroughly clean grinding and sampling equipment between samples. Remember you are working with potentially toxic materials. For personal protection, wear a dust mask when grinding, mixing, and dispensing the sample. Minimize dust at all times.
Analysis of samples by an analytical laboratory is the most reliable way to determine the presence of Fusarium toxins in grains. A list of laboratories that conduct mycotoxin assays is available in the University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension publication Laboratories for Mycotoxin Analysis (PPFS-MISC-1).
Rapid detection test kits are also available for detecting the Fusarium toxins discussed in this publication. A list of commercially available test kits for the detection of fumonisin, vomitoxin, and zearalenone are listed in the University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension publication, Commercially Available Test Kits for the Detection of Mycotoxins in Corn (PPFS-AG-C-3). Be sure the test used is approved by the USDA Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyard Administration.
Preharvest contamination of corn with fumonisins is typically associated with drought stress prior to and during silking. Thus, production practices that minimize stress should reduce the risk of preharvest fumonisin contamination.
Be sure the hybrids sown are adapted to local climatic and soil conditions. Hybrids grown outside of their range of adaptability tend to accumulate higher levels of fumonisins than adapted hybrids. Although heritable differences exist among certain corn inbreds in susceptibility to Fusarium infection and mycotoxin contamination, most commercial hybrids are susceptible. Since F. verticillioides only colonizes silks as they turn from green to green-brown and finally brown, use of hybrids with tight husks that maintain silk integrity for longer periods may help reduce the incidence of fumonisins in some cases. Tight husks could enhance the risk of field outbreaks of Gibberella ear rot by retaining moisture inside the ear, although typically Fusarium ear rot is a much greater concern in Kentucky.
High levels of ear-feeding insects can enhance fumonisin levels; therefore, controlling insects that can damage kernels can help reduce fumonisin contamination. The Bt endotoxin is very active against both the European corn borer and southwestern corn borer, both of which can create wounds on kernels that allow F. verticillioides to invade. If a producer expects high levels of activity from corn borers (either European corn borer or southwestern corn borer), use of a corn hybrid that expresses high levels of the Bt endotoxin in kernels and provides good late-season corn borer control (MON810 and BT11 events, for example) may result in lower levels of fumonisin contamination in the harvested grain. As a guideline, the greatest threat from these borers is in late-planted corn (past May 10 through May 15 in Western Kentucky). Use of Bt corn does not assure the producer freedom from kernel-feeding insects. The Bt toxin only suppresses the corn earworm and provides no control at all of fall armyworm. However, use of Bt corn hybrids in fields where high insect pressure is expected may reduce fumonisin contamination in some cases. Understand that the use of Bt corn that expresses the endotoxin in green tissues and pollen only would not be expected to consistently reduce fumonisin levels.
Avoid excessive plant populations; consult with your seed supplier when deciding on planting density. Maintain adequate levels of nitrogen and other nutrients for good growth. If soil is compacted, subsoiling can alleviate stress and may reduce the risk of fumonisin contamination.
A rotation away from corn and small grains for two to three years can reduce inoculum levels of F. graminearum in a field under conservation tillage. However, recognize that in an epidemic year, airborne spores of F. graminearum are abundant and widespread. Rotation is thus a supplement to other practices for reducing the risk of mycotoxin contamination due to F. graminearum.
The potential always exists for harvested corn to be decayed by and contaminated with mycotoxins from Fusarium fungi, if conditions permit growth of the fungi. Symptomless corn plants and kernels are commonly infected by F. verticillioides. Spores of F. graminearum are also commonly present at some level in many Kentucky corn fields. Contamination of corn by toxins produced by F. graminearum usually is the result of excessively postponing harvest and/or storing high-moisture corn. Thus, timely harvest and proper storage can reduce the risk of contamination of corn by Fusarium toxins, particularly those produced by F. graminearum.
Generally, the best moisture level to start harvest is between 25 and 27 percent. Leaving the corn in the field for a long period after maturity increases the risk of contamination from mycotoxins. The combine should be adjusted to harvest the grain with a minimum of kernel damage. Shelled corn should be dried to 16 percent or less within a day or two of harvest, as Fusarium fungi grow readily in shelled high-moisture corn. Stored shelled corn should be aerated regularly and monitored during storage. More information on grain storage is provided in the University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension publication Principles of Grain Storage (AEN-20). Drying of corn with heat does not alter the fumonisin content of the grain.
Recognize that there may be many other unidentified compounds produced by Fusarium fungi that are toxicologically important. For example, in one study with swine, feed amended with 5 ppm of purified vomitoxin was readily eaten by the animals, whereas they refused to eat feed naturally contaminated with 5 ppm vomitoxin. Predicting the effects of utilizing feeds of known analytical composition is still difficult.
When corn is contaminated with fumonisins, FDA recommendations presented in Table 1 provide guidelines for the utilization of the grain.
Table 1. Maximum levels of fumonisins in corn and corn by-products recommended by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (November 9, 2001).
Human Foods
Total fumonisins (FB1 + FB2 + FB3)
Degermed dry-milled corn products (e.g., flaking grits, corn grits, corn meal, corn flour with fat content of < 2.25% dry weight basis)
2 ppm
Whole or partially degermed dry-milled corn products (e.g., flaking grits, corn grits, corn meal, corn flour with fat content of> 2.25% dry weight basis)
4 ppm
Dry-milled corn bran
4 ppm
Cleaned corn intended for mass production
4 ppm
Cleaned corn intended for popcorn
3 ppm
|Animal Feeds
Corn and corn by-products intended for:
Total fumonisins (FB1 + FB2 + FB3)
Equids and rabbits
5 ppm (no more than 20% of diet)**
Swine and catfish
20 ppm (no more than 50% of diet)**
Breeding ruminants, breeding poultry, and breeding mink*
30 ppm (no more than 50% of diet)**
Ruminants ³ 3 months old being raised for slaughter and mink being raised for pelt production
60 ppm (no more than 50% of diet)**
Poultry being raised for slaughter
100 ppm (no more than 50% of diet)**
All other species or classes of livestock and pet animals
10 ppm (no more than 50% of diet)**
Includes lactating dairy cattle and hens laying eggs for human consumption.
Dry weight basis.
FDA recommendations for the use of grains contaminated with vomitoxin are provided in Table 2. These guidelines apply to the interstate movement and utilization of vomitoxin-contaminated grain and grain by-products.
Table 2. Advisory levels for maximum concentration of vomitoxin in grains and grain by-products (U.S. Food and Drug Administration, September 16, 1993).
Product or Use
1 ppm
Finished wheat products (e.g., flour, bran, and germ) that may potentially be consumed by humans. FDA is not stating an advisory level for wheat intended for milling because normal manufacturing practices and additional technology available to millers can substantially reduce DON levels in the finished wheat product from those found in the original raw wheat. Because there is significant variability in manufacturing processes, an advisory level for raw wheat is not practical.
10 ppm
Grains and grain by-products destined for ruminating beef and feedlot cattle older than 4 months and for chickens with the added recommendation that these ingredients not exceed 50 percent of the diet of cattle or chickens.
5 ppm
Grains and grain by-products destined for swine with the added recommendation that these ingredients not exceed 20 percent of their diet.
5 ppm
Grains and grain by-products destined for all other animals with the added recommendation that these ingredients not exceed 40 percent of their diet.
When Kentucky producers have a grain source contaminated with either vomitoxin or zearalenone, Table 3 provides acceptable guidelines for the use of that source in livestock feed. The recommendations listed in Table 3 are considered acceptable based on the research published to date. The FDA guidelines listed in Table 2 would, of course, apply to all interstate shipment of contaminated corn.
Table 3. Recommended maximum concentrations of vomitoxin and zearalenone in livestock diets for use of contaminated grain lots on Kentucky farms.
Sow herd
Breeding males
no effect
no effect
no effect*
(% dietary DM basis, ppm)
(% dietary DM basis, ppm)
Feeder cattle
Cows, mature
Dairy cows
In one study with 300 ppm zearalenone (greatly exceeds naturally occurring levels), turkeys developed enlarged vents within four days with no other gross effects noted.
Recommendations for mature cattle are not well defined, but one study indicated 100 ppm fed for 6 weeks had no adverse effect; therefore, 10 ppm appears to be a safe guideline.
Be aware of the risks of feeding corn screenings to livestock. Fumonisin levels can be 50 to 500 times higher in screenings than in intact, healthy corn. Diseased kernels appear to be more brittle than healthy kernels, so they break apart more easily and end up in the screenings. Plus, some scientists believe that F. verticillioides grows more readily in broken than intact kernels. If screenings are being fed (which is not advisable), each lot should be tested for the presence of mycotoxins using commonly available test kits approved by the USDA Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyard Administration. Screenings may also be a source of toxic weed seeds for which test kits are not available.
When corn is wet-milled, the majority of the fumonisins end up in the gluten, fiber, germ, and steep water fractions. Thus, products derived from the starch fraction should be relatively low in fumonisins. Fumonisins are generally not detected in cornstarch. Likewise, fumonisins are typically not detected in ethanol or corn oil. Heating by frying or extrusion has been reported to reduce fumonisin levels. Fermentation has no effect on fumonisin contamination.
At low levels of fungal invasion, DON and zearalenone are mostly present in the nonstarch fractions during wet-milling. Thus, products derived from the starch fraction contain the lowest toxin concentration. Zearalenone has been reported to be destroyed at temperatures of 250°F or more.
The Cooperative Extension Service (CES) publications listed below are available through county Extension offices. Many are also available on the World Wide Web at <http://www.ca.uky.edu/agc/pubs/pubs.htm>.


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Winter Wellness Program: Tips on Personal Safety
Date:Wednesday, February 22, 2012 - 12:15pm - 1:30pm
Location:Room V
Join Commander Booker from the UCPD for a presentation on personal safety. Sponsored by Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher& Flom, LLP .
**This program qualifies for 10 Keystone Professionalism and Leadership Program points in The Well-Rounded Lawyer category.

subset: commoncrawl


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By Jarrett Skorup | Michigan Capitol Confidential
In the next decade, potentially hundreds of colleges will go out of business as their prices push families away from traditional universities, said an expert on higher education.
American higher education is in a bubble, said Richard Vedder, an economist at Ohio University and the president of the Center for College Affordability and Productivity, who spoke Tuesday at an "Issues & Ideas" event sponsored by the Mackinac Center for Public Policy.
Vedder, who also is on the Mackinac Center's board of scholars, said the government subsidizing college has increased demand but also pushed prices higher and out of reach for many students. At the same time, the worth of a college degree has gone down.


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White Oak continues community day tradition
For more than three decades, White Oak has had a community day for families every summer.
"It's had great local support," borough Recreation Board chairman George Pambacas said of the event, which will be Saturday beginning at noon at Heritage Hill Park.
"It started very small, with having a day at the swimming pool, having games for the children," Pambacas said. "It's evolved into having food and craft booths at the park."
Much of the activity will be in the lower end of the park, between the pool and the Carnegie Library of McKeesport branch.
"We will have a coin toss, raft races, wet T-shirt relay races, free train rides and a free MoonWalk," Pambacas said. "The recreation board will have disc jockey Dave Landi at the pool from noon until five."
At 5 p.m., DJ Georgio will start spinning the discs, leading up to the featured Justin Fabus Band, a Pittsburgh area troupe known for the video "Leavin Kind," which can be seen on the band's website.
The band has Justin Favus on acoustic guitar, Miguel Garcia on lead guitar, Steve Mulkerrin on bass and Jeff Carson Jr. on drums. It will perform from 7-9.
Fireworks will cap the day.
Admission to the park is free. Admission to the pool is free for borough residents and pass holders, and $10 for all others.
Patrick Cloonan is a staff writer for Trib Total Media. He can be reached at 412-664-9161, ext. 1967.


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Mental Health
Have Mental Health Questions? Ask a Psychiatrist Online
Hello I believe I can help you with your question
To answer your question directly typically in nearly all cases involving overt levels of incest that is openly displayed there are levels of covert incest and manipulation/rationalization involved
In addition, there are typically levels of coercion as well which can be considered covert levels of incest too
i have not pursued the issue except in covert terms. there are all the typical sighs of covert and i have not addressed the issue of overt and will not for a while
am i taking the right approach
Well incest is a very serious topic and should be approached carefully so as to not overwhelm you with the past trauma
Well I am curious have you discussed this incest with a therapist that specializes in past child sexual abuse?
it is not me. It is an old childhood friend and son. She has cancer
I do not have the money because I am helping her with her bills
Oh I understand, when you said you you have started to try to talk to mother, I though you were talking about yourself. I think your friend should first seek therapy from a specialized therapist in this area of childhood sexual abuse and incest and then is he feels it necessary to confront the mother
Okay, that is fair. Then confronting about the covert level of incest may be okay to help bring closure to this issue, but your friend should be prepared for the emotions that will come up, so take it slow is the best approach
they have spent years in therpy but I dont think they have brought the issue up, because of shame
That is understandable, well they can discuss the issue among themselves to help him understand what motivated her to do that to her own child, but it may not take away the pain though, and he will still have to process this trauma
I tell her it is over mothering He has withdrawn from society, lies to make him look important. lashes out in anger, abuses his meds when he had them. my first step was to stop the med abuse. I have that she was mentaly ill since my teens
These are definite serious mental health issues that should be addressed as well, but he is the victim and should be allowed to vent and talk about his thoughts and emotions that this trauma caused him openly with her, if that is the route they choose to go
she shows signs of sexual. She conplains of not being able to swallow food well and doesnt like people to touch her and keeps men at her safe distance
Many individuals of past sexual abuse can also become abusers as well, this is a form of identifying with her abuser to help her cope with the trauma she suffered. She can address those issues as well, but she cannot use them as an excuse for traumatizing her son in the way that she did
I never saw these triats until the last five years.


text:
Sickness, thank you thank you! Works like a charm. Great Job Sickness!
after running your script, i getfixed by:Code:pyrit list_cores X Error of failed request: BadRequest (invalid request code or no such operation) Major opcode of failed request: 136 () Minor opcode of failed request: 19 Serial number of failed request: 8 Current serial number in output stream: 8
uninstalling ATI driver
#: locate fglrx-uninstall.sh
#: cd
#: sh ./fglrx-uninstall.sh
install latest driver "ati...11-8....run"
after its finished:
#: fix-splash
Last edited by Eatme; 08-31-2011 at 07:57 PM.
Wiffy-Auto-Cracker - was the best thing that ever happen to me. :) Wo0oT :)
AWUSO36H_500mW_5dBi Antenna
Sickness, thank you thank you! Works like a charm. Great Job Sickness!
That might be a different issue, but I still get a error on pyrit no file directory.
i created a diff to fix.Code:Checked out revision 308. python: can't open file 's_e_tup.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
Regards,Code:--- backtrack5_update.py 2011-08-27 23:19:44.074160608 -0400 +++ backtrack5_update.py 2011-08-26 16:04:42.716309825 -0400 @@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ print " [>] Installing Pyrit, please wait.\n" subprocess.Popen("apt-get -y install libssl-dev scapy python-dev",shell=True).wait() subprocess.Popen("svn checkout http://pyrit.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ pyrit_svn",shell=True).wait() - subprocess.Popen("cd pyrit_svn/pyrit && python s_e_tup.py build && python setup.py install",shell=True).wait() + subprocess.Popen("cd pyrit_svn/pyrit && python setup.py build && python setup.py install",shell=True).wait() subprocess.Popen("rm -rf pyrit_svn",shell=True).wait() print "\n" print " [>] Pyrit installed successfully!\n"
@lajjr it was fixed in the last version of the script, just update the script and try again
Back|track giving machine guns to monkeys since 2007 !
Do not read the Wiki, most your questions will not be answered there !
Do not take a look at the: Forum Rules !
Thanx Sickness , it works really great! appreciate all the hard work!
Please check the pyrit part please I still get the error . If I was wrong I would just let it be, but I use pyrit alot so when I update pyrit there is the error. I did check out the newest version of your script last time and this time same~ same. Can you take a look and thanks for the great work.
Checked out revision 308. python: can't open file 's_e_tup.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
setup.py is misspelled.. thats why.. lol
you have to remove that line you got the same line in their twice.
ps- dont forget to update to the latest ATI Driver
Wiffy-Auto-Cracker - was the best thing that ever happen to me. :) Wo0oT :)
AWUSO36H_500mW_5dBi Antenna
True, I told sickness about it. He fixed it all good great script!
Hello everyone...very nice script sickness!Well done1
Now my question: i've tried to update BT5 to BT5R1 through the script and the first option. Now when i boot the machine i have both kernels and when i choose the R1 version it gives an error:
ALERT!/dev/disko/my-uuid/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx does not exist. Dropping to a shell, and does not let me boot but it gives me only a few options.
Where is the problem? Do i have to fix something with the grub? I also have win7 installed and i have the gnome BT
Thank you very much in advance
SOLVED....installed a fresh copy of BT5R1 (I also tried through a live cd to install a new kernel (3.0) or the old kernel (2.6.38) but nothing happened, because i was always getting the same error at the reboot)
Last edited by vesper; 09-09-2011 at 12:33 PM.
nice and useful script, thanks for this.
just one little "cosmetic" issue, the script itself says it's still v1.1
so maybe you just missed a single char
cheers phk


text:
Touching Base: A Message from the Chief November 10, 2013@PPDChiefSanchez
Dear Community Members and Department Personnel:
Happy Birthday United States Marine Corps!
Please take a moment to commend and offer thanks to those brave men and women
who have served or are serving in the United State Marine Corps. On
November 10, 2013, the Marine Corps will celebrate its 238th
On December 19, from 9:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m., Pasadena Armenian
Police Advisory Council (PAPAC) will host its 18th
Annual Christmas Toy Drive at the Pasadena Police Department (207 North
Garfield Avenue). Prior to the event, if possible, please bring new,
unwrapped toys to 1160 East Walnut Street, in Pasadena. For more
information, please call Harry Kouladjian (626) 945-3031, or Hovannes
Sarkissian (626) 792-9597.
Our Community:
On October 18, I received a letter from a
recent graduate of the Pasadena Police Department en Español, commending the
program. The community member wrote, "…We are writing you in
appreciation for the opportunity that you have given to our people
(Hispanic/Latin community). These reunions were of great importance and
allowed community members to learn the different laws and how the department
operates. We appreciate and acknowledge everyone that worked to make this
possible for the involved families, as this is very important, I'm referring to
the different laws. We hope that we (Hispanics/Latinas) will all be able
to work with you. A special thanks to Officer Ordonez, Hilda Jurado,
Christian Allen, Sergeant Lomeli, Lieutenant Calatayud, Commander Perez, and
Command Russ. We wish each of you the best and look forward to the next
course…" You may recall the Pasadena Police Department launched its first
all-Spanish informative academy tailored for our Latino Community a few weeks
ago. There are already plans for other sessions in 2014.
On November 2, Commanders Rosales and Russ
attended the Pasadena Police Department's Kids Safety Academy graduation,
which was hosed at the department. 13 local youth (with their parents)
graduated from the seven-week long program, which is focused on teaching young
people how to act in an emergency. The program is supported by the Pasadena
Police Foundation and board member Mary Wilson attended the
graduation. PPD Volunteers Tom Kester and Ishmael also
attended. At the conclusion of the graduation, the young people received an
emergency preparedness bag containing flashlights and an assortment of life
sustaining items. This session was coordinated by Pasadena Police Specialist K.
Kauhola (Photos @PPDChiefSanchez).
On November 4, Pasadena Patrol Team 1
held its morning briefing at Learning Works Charter School. Officers met
with Headmasters Dr. M. Rahn and S. Ginyard, who provided an
overview of school programs, which included the Mission, the Principles, and
the partnership it has with Homeboy Industries.
On November 6, Commander Russ attended the Upper
Hastings Ranch Neighborhood Association meeting, which was held in the Don
Benito School Auditorium. Commander Russ discussed safety tips, crime trends,
and other safety related topics. I understand the meeting was well
On November 6, Lieutenant Dewar, Sergeant Crees, and
I attended the San Rafael Community Meeting. The main topic was
AB109, which is the parole reentry program started by the State of California
in 2010. The meeting was well attended.
November 9, Pasadena Youth Center hosted the 3nd
Annual Adelante Young Men's Conference at the Pasadena City College.
The conference provided academic planning and interactive active workshops
for over 1200 young men interesting in attending college. The event
featured Los Angeles County Superior Court Judge Ray Santana and Los
Angeles County's Mental Health Deputy Director Dr. Tony Beliz as
keynote speakers and each provided extraordinary insight and advice in
achieving academic and professional accomplishments. Attendees
included PCC President Dr. Mark Rocha, PUSD
Superintendent Jon Gundry, PCC Board Member Berlinda Brown,
Pasadena Mayor William Bogaard, Pasadena Police Commander John Perez, me and
a host of other educators and community supporters. The Pasadena
Police Department continues to be extremely proud to be involved with the
Adelante Conferences and I wish to thank Sergeant Javier Aguilar, Officer
Edgar Sanchez, and Forensics Specialist Alex Padilla for donating
their time as the public safety workshop presenters. We should all
take a moment and thank the founder and Executive Director of the Pasadena
Youth Center, Stella R. Murga for her dedicated commitment to our
youth. For information about future conferences, visit http://www.pasadenayouthcenter.org/aym_conference.
Pasadena's Finest:
On October 9, I received a letter from Los Angeles
Police Department Chief Charlie Beck commending Pasadena Police Officer B.
Petrella for participating in the 1st Annual "Battle at the
Academy." The funds raised from the boxing competition were donated to
the Los Angeles Police Memorial Foundation, an organization geared towards
caring for the families of the Los Angeles Police Officers who are injured or
killed in the line of duty. Officer Petrella has been an amateur box for
several years.
On October 28, I received a letter from San
Marino Chief of Police Timothy M. Harrigan commending Pasadena Police
Pilot P. Polimeni and Tactical Flight Officer T. Corralez for attending
their annual Police and Fire Open House.
On November 5, Pasadena Police Lieutenant Ibarra, Sergeant Lemos, and Corporal
Broghamer facilitated a Los Angeles County Urban Area Security Initiative
(UASI) to determine funding priorities. The meeting was attended by
chiefs of police and other law enforcement representatives.
On November 7, several Pasadena Police employees
attended the 8th Annual Pasadena Police Women's Luncheon. The
event celebrated our local female heroes at the Pasadena Police Department.
VIPs include City Manager Beck and Assistant City Manager
Gutierrez. The keynote speaker was Hermosa Beach Police Chief Sharon
Papa, who provided an overview of her law enforcement journey. The
women's luncheon committee consisted of civilian and sworn personnel, including:
Randi Cornelius, Susan Gomez, Tai Wotherspoon, Marie Sell, Gena Persons, and
Lisa Rosales. Honorees at the luncheon included: Randi Cornelious,
Leticia Garcia, Arlene Ramos, Erika Silva, Veronica Burris, Jasmine Diaz, Julie
Finney, Lola Files, Rachel Johnson, Melissa Lewis, Fabiola Mancillas, Lynda
Mercado, Gena Persons, Sara Presley, Terysa Rojas, Lisa Rosales, Marcia
Taglioretti, and Tai Wotherspoon. On November 7, Deputy Chief Qualls and
Commander Rosales attended a reorganization dinner to honor our Police
Cadets and their families. The event was held at the police department
and was very well attended. Commander Rosales has worked and mentored the
cadets for several months.
On November 8, several Pasadena Police employees
attended the 2013 Turkey Tussle, a traditional football game featuring the Muir
Mustangs and the Pasadena High School Bulldogs. The game was much closer
than predicted. However, at the end of the day, the perpetual brass bell
and all spoils when to the Mustangs! Deputy Chief Qualls and
Retired Police Lieutenant Phlunte Riddle are Muir Hall of Fame
Critical Incidents:
On June 5, 2013, a male Victim came to the
Pasadena Police Department to report a Carjacking and Attempted Robbery
that occurred in the 400 block of Penn Street. Pasadena Police
Officers talked with the victim, who said he was assaulted inside the
residence by an unknown male. During the fight, the suspect produced
a handgun from his waistband and threatened to kill the victim. The
suspect overpowered the victim and took his car keys, leaving the
location. The victim sustained a laceration to his forehead from the
assault. Officers responded to the location of the crime and found
evidence of a struggle; however, the residents were uncooperative.
After a two month investigation and with the assistance of Pasadena's
Special Investigative Unit, the West San Gabriel Valley Anti-Crime Task
Force, and LAPD; the suspect was identified as Charles
Simpson. It was then discovered Simpson had been arrested a
month after the incident by the Los Angeles Police Department following a
vehicle pursuit on an unrelated case. While serving his sentence in Los
Angeles County Jail, Simpson was contacted by Pasadena Police Detectives A.
Russo and R. Stinson. Simpson provided a full confession
on the Penn Street Robbery. Prior to the Pasadena robbery case being filed with
the Los Angeles County District Attorney Office, Simpson was released from
custody pursuant to AB109. On October 29, Simpson was re-located
and arrested without incident.
On July 13, Pasadena Police
officers responded to the 1400 block of North Garfield Avenue regarding a
possible man with a gun call. On arrival, witnesses pointed to the
suspect telling officers he was armed with a pistol. Pasadena Police officers
attempted to contact the subject; however, he immediately fled into the
apartment complex. The suspect ran into an apartment followed closely by the
The suspect, Tyshawn
Goodman, pointed a loaded firearm at one of the officers resulting in an
Officer Involved Shooting. The suspect was not injured by gunfire and was
immediately arrested without further incident. The case was presented to the
Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office for filing consideration.
On November 4, Goodman pleaded guilty to PC 417-brandishing a firearm, PC
25400(a)(2)-carrying a concealed firearm on his person, one year county jail
time (must do 85% or 310 days) and 3 years' probation. Goodman must also
register as a gang member.
On November 3, at about 3:11 a.m., Pasadena Police officers responded
to the area of Douglas Street and Garfield Avenue regarding a call of shots
fired. On arrival, officers determined that a residence, garage, and
parked vehicles had been damaged by gunfire. Fortunately, no one was
injured in the incident. Several witnesses provided officers with information
about the shooting, including a possible vehicle description. Our
investigation is ongoing. Local media article at: www.pasadenastarnews.com/general-news/20131103/home-car-struck-by-gunfire-in-pasadena-shooting.
On November 3 at about 4:40 p.m., Pasadena Police received
information about a critical missing person. The victims, an elderly
grandmother and her grandson, went missing from El Monte. At
approximately 8:00 p.m., a Good Samaritan found the victims wandering the
streets of Pasadena and brought them to the police station. The victims
were uninjured and subsequently reunited with their family.
On November 7 at about 11:40 a.m., Pasadena Police officers
responded to the 1300 block of Oakland Avenue regarding a Strong Arm
Robbery. On arrival, officers learned that the suspect entered the
offices of Fuller Seminary and demanded money. Fearing for his safety,
the victim surrendered twenty dollars in US Currency. The suspect fled
the location; however, he was later located near Los Robles Avenue and Colorado
Boulevard. Following a positive identification, the suspect was arrested
without incident and booked at the Pasadena jail.
On November 7 at about 10:42 p.m., Pasadena Police officers
responded to the 1500 block of Kenmore Road regarding an attempted residential
burglary. On arrival, the victim told officers that she was awakened by sounds
in her backyard. She investigated the noise and observed the suspect (Female
Hispanic, 30s, black hair) attempting to climb on to the balcony.
When the victim confronted the suspect, she fled. The suspect entered a 2000
dark colored compact vehicle and fled the location.
November 10 at about 12:25 a.m. Pasadena Police officers responded to a call of
shots fired in the area of Washington Blvd and Marengo Avenue. On
arrival, the victim (Black Male, 25 yrs., Gang Associate, Glendale/Pasadena Resident)
was located sitting on the s/w corner of Washington Blvd & Marengo Avenue.
The victim was suffering from a single gunshot wound to his upper left
arm. His vehicle was located resting against the front porch of the
residence located at 1318 N. Marengo Avenue. The vehicle has also been
struck by gunfire.
victim told officers he was shot while driving near Marengo Avenue and
Washington Blvd. He said he accelerated away from the shots and drove
south on Marengo Avenue, striking a house and then blacking out. The
victim was uncooperative with officers and did not provide much information.
He was transported to a local area hospital (stable condition) where he
was treated for a GSW. The hospital staff indicated Norris would likely survive
his injuries. Officers canvased the area for witnesses and evidence.
PFD responded and examined the porch of the house at 1318 N. Marengo Ave., where the victim
crashed into. It was deemed safe to occupy and the residents remained in
their house.
Phillip L. Sanchez, Chief of Police Pasadena Police Department207 N. Garfield Ave., Pasadena, CA 91101Office: (626) 744-4545 Mission First, People Always


text:
NetWellness is a global, community service providing quality, unbiased health information from our partner university faculty. NetWellness is commercial-free and does not accept advertising.
Saturday, August 19, 2017
Addiction and Substance Abuse
Cocaine made me ill
Hi there! I`ve been using cocaine for several years now; I am not an addict, I use it maybe twice a month, when I take it, I have it with lots of alcohol and take approximately 1 gram. Last saturday, I went out partying and had a whole bottle of Malibu, 12-15 cans of Coca Cola (to mix with the Malibu) and about 1 gram of cocaine. About 2 hours after I stopped drink & drugs, I became really ill. I got extremely painful chest pains, my heart was racing soo fast, I later on lost my sight for a few minutes, my arms and legs became useless (they were as cold as ice, numb, I couldn`t move or use them), so much so, only yesterday (wednesday, its thursday today) could I manage to walk from the bedroom to the toilet. Throughout sunday, monday and tuesday I could not walk as my legs felt like they were dead, I could not even lift a glass to have a drink, I couldn`t talk as my heart would start racing so fast if I tried and was so painful. It thursday today, I am still bedbound, but I`m slowly getting better. What has happened to me? This has been the scariest experience ever. I still have chest pains but not as bad. I really thought I was dying, what was happening to me? I never want to touch the stuff again, but please can you tell me what was happening to me? I couldnt see a doctor as I was too weak to speak or get out of bed. My heart was racing for days, it was soo scary! Please help!
Thank you for your note and I apologize for the delay in my response. I am very concerned about a few things:
1) It is very unlikely that your alcohol and cocaine binge behavior is not evidence of quite severe substance abuse and even perhaps addiction. Please read the materials we have posted on NetWellness about substance use / abuse / addiction. Frequency is not the key issue re: substance abuse and addiction but rather risk and adverse consequences. Your use pattern is CLEARY VERY RISKY, and likely is associated with evidence of past dysfunction. Cocaine (and surprisingly alcohol) addiction tends to present in a "binge-crash" pattern in the majority of cases - very similar to your history as outlined above.
2) This chest pain episode sounds very concerning to me as well. Cocaine cranks up the heart rate and blood pressure WAY ABOVE LEVELS SEEN IN A CARDIAC STRESS TEST! It is certainly possible that you produced a heart attack or other serious lung or heart injury during your binge. Cocaine binges are also pretty commonly associated with "mini" or even mid-sized strokes ... so when you report loss of vision I worry a lot for your safety and health. You MUST see a doctor and get a thorough evaluation. PLEASE be open about the cocaine binging. Ask for a medical evaluation (to be sure no permanent damage has taken place) and referral for substance abuse treatment.
You clearly deserve better than to be binging on cocaine and alcohol to the point of possible long-term health damage (or even death). Please be sure to get checked out AND get started on a recovery program!
Ted Parran, MD
Associate Professor of General Medical Sciences
School of Medicine
Case Western Reserve University


text:
Ms Stina Ehrensvärd, Marketing Director
Cypak AB, Sweden
Dec 07, 2005.
Cypak AB Presentation*
Cypak AB Audio*
If you already have access, please [Login]
Access can be purchased via IDTechEx Credits
Presentation Summary
Speaker Bio
Stina Ehrensvärd, Marketing Director, Cypak. Educated industrial designer at National College of Art, Craft and Design in Stockholm, with broad experience of developing new creative business ideas. Co-founder of Cypak and inventor and designer of several of Cypaks concepts. Grand Prize winner of European Comission IST Prize 1999 for exellence in IT innovations. Speaker at several international conferences on Cypak technology
Company Profile
Cypak is a Swedish technology innovator making objects smart, secure and connected. Core technologies include the efficient integration of microelectronics and sensors into disposable materials, a new contact-less data transfer technology and security solutions to guarantee authenticity and integrity. Up-to-date technology has enabled the world's first disposable and intelligent pharmaceutical packaging and courier packaging with tamper detection. Cypak's business is to license technology and provide components to simplify and secure the process of collecting, managing and transferring sensitive data.


text:
London (Aug. 16)
The Jewish delegation from Poland headed by Dr. Emil Sommerstein today reported that the American Joint Distribution Committee has been permitted by the Polish Government in Warsaw to resume its relief activities and that the Polish authorities registered the J.D.C. officially as a body authorized to conduct relief activities.
The delegation conferred in London with J.D.C. representatives on questions concerning relief in Poland. Members of the delegation lauded the J.D.C. for the aid given to the Jews during the occupation period and paid tribute to the J.D.C. representatives who died at their posts in Poland at the time.
Emphasizing that the entire J.D.C. staff in Poland was exterminated by the Germans, except M. Guzik, one of its directors, members of the delegation reported that as soon as Guzik emerged from hiding, he resumed the J.D.C. relief activities in liberated Poland and is new fully cooperating with the Central Committee of Polish Jews in Lublin. The majority of the 80,000 Jewish survivors in Poland are in urgent need of relief from abroad, although so far they have received substantial assistance from the government, the delogation said.
In addition to the 80,000 Jews now in Poland, the transfer of at least 150,000 Polish Jews from Russian territory to Poland will start next month, the delegation revealed. It is expected that the repatriation of these Jews will be completed in January. This, the delegation pointed out, is bound to create additional problems.


text:
Paula Deen was publicly cast off by Walmart in July, but the world's largest retail chain will keep the celebrity chef's cookware on the shelves at least through the rest of year.
The retail chain said this week that it still had many Paula Deen items in supply when it announced it was dumping her. Company spokeswoman Danit Marquardt said Walmart actually has three months of supplies remaining, and that many of the items will be sold for clearance prices.
Walmart was one of many sponsors to step away from Deen after the Southern chef admitted as part of a deposition that she used racial slurs in the past. The Food Network chose to drop Deen's show and several sponsors — including Smithfield Foods Inc. and Caesar's casinos — distanced themselves as well.
Target and Home Depot joined Walmart in removing Deen's cookware and kitchen products from the shelves.
But Deen has bounced back in other ways. In the weeks after the scandal, sales of her cookbooks spiked and a cruise she hosted saw a rise in interest.
Royal Caribbean even announced that its annual "Paula Deen Cruise" received so much interest that the company would add an extra departure in 2014.
"Due to so many requests from Paula's fans in the past we are actually planning two cruises for 2014 and look forward to both," a rep for the cruise told FOX411′s Pop Tarts column. "It's always an amazing time with Paula, her family and fans. If she goes – we go."
Deen still has several appearances scheduled on her website, and many of her cookware items remain on sale there as well, albeit with deep discounts..
Walmart shoppers interested in buying Paula Deen cookware or kitchen products can find them on the store's website.


text:
Taylor Momsen Looks Like This Now
Sometime between now and this weird naked video where she looks like The Machinist, Taylor Momsen apparently showered and eased up on the raccoon eyes because she looked remarkably good shooting a music video in New York yesterday. Sure, the video will probably be for some shitty song about crows drowning in an ocean because her dad molested her, but the important thing is weird, older men can ogle her on the Internet which in no way conflicts with that. *winces as part of soul breaks off* Haha! Tickles.
Photos: INFdaily, Pacific Coast News


text:
Hey all,
I just want to say thanks for the support that this blog series has been getting. I plan to keep it going for a few more weeks, so for those of you who'd like to keep track of everything, I've created this blog hub to help you do just that! Every week I will update it with the previous week's 7 themes and so on an so forth. Thanks again guys!
Week 1 - April 29th - May 5th
Tuesday - 2 Player Results of Sonic 2
Thursday - The Boss theme from Sonic Spinball
Friday - Planet Wisp Map Screen Theme
Sunday - Endless Possibilities Orchestrated
Week 2 - May 6th - 12th
Monday - Sonic 3 Special Stage Music
Wednesday - Sonic 1's Dr. Robotnik Theme
Saturday - Tail's Theme from Sonic and the Black Knight
Week 3 - May 13th - 19th
Monday - I totally forgot
Week 4 - May 20th - 26th
Friday - Forgot to post again... I'm slippin'!
Saturday - Ice Cap Zone 1 and 2
Week 5 - May 27th - June 2nd
Thursday - Sonic Generations Collection Room Theme
Friday - Forgot..............GAH!!!!!!!
Saturday - Sonic Advance Special Stage Theme
Grand Finale Blog
'Til next time!


text:
Original bridge linking Monessen to North Charleroi sparked huge celebration
Perhaps it was the growing anticipation of the opening of the new John K. Tener Memorial Bridge between Monessen and North Charleroi (Lock Four) on Saturday, but a familiar question has stirred the interest of more than a few people in this Mid-Mon Valley.
They want to know when the original span – known as the Charleroi-Monessen Bridge – that linked Washington and Westmoreland counties was officialy opened to traffic between the communities.
According to the archives of The Daily Independent of Monessen, the answer is: It was nearly 106 years ago – on Saturday, Nov. 2, 1907.
And the celebration marking that historic event was, up to that point in time, one of the biggest ever on both sides of the river.
Newspaper accounts of the grand opening reported the event was "celebrated with pomp and circumstance rarely repeated" in the communities' history.
The Daily Independent, in a story on Monday, Nov. 4, 1907, recalled that: "a drizzling rain failed to dampen the ardor of the crowds" as Burgess F.H. Shutterly of Monessen and Burgess J.J. Hott of Charleroi "pulled away the ribbon which formed a barrier on the new $225,000 bridge connecting the two towns, and amid a storm of cheers and a blast from a hundred whistles, shook hands as a token of the union.
"Judge Doty of Westmoreland County and Judge Taylor of Washington County then advanced and grasped hands to signalize the joining together of the two counties in a closer relationship," the story said.
Recounting the festivities of 50 years earlier, a story in The Charleroi Mail on May 13, 1957, offered this observation:
"High over the Monongahela River and the splashing rapids of the old dam site of Lock 4, there was stretched in 1907 a web of steel 1,800 feet long and 23 feet wide. It was double-tracked for street cars and vehicles and also maintained a side footway for pedestrians."
According to the Historic American Engineering Record (HAER), the Charleroi-Monessen span was "significant as a rare surviving example of a long, multiple-span metal truss bridge."
"Built as a toll bridge to carry vehicular, pedestrian and trolley traffic across the Monongahela River, the bridge improved regional transportation and contributed toward the economic development of Monongahela River towns," an HAER report compiled by historian Dr. David S. Rotenstein for the website www.memory.loc.gov said. "Construction of a bridge across the Monongahela River at North Charleroi surmounted a formidable natural barrier and completed a regional street railroad transportation network that stretched from urban Pittsburgh to developing Westmoreland County."
The HAER and the Historic American Building Service (HABS) reported that the first streetcar crossed the bridge on Oct. 20, 1907, nearly two weeks before the official opening. The trolley was owned by the West Side Electric Street Railway Company, which was responsible for paving the street leading to the bridge's approach on the Monessen side.
The toll booths were located about 200 feet from the Lock Four side of the span and at the top of winding steps leading from the railroad tracks below.
The opening of the bridge in 1907 was an interesting event in the history of the two towns, the newspaper said.
The abutments were constructed during the fall of 1906 and steelwork began immediately after completion of the masonry support. The arrival of winter weather throttled the work and only one span was completed. Another setback came in May 1907 when high waters swept away all the new construction, causing a loss of $25,000. This left the company where it had started in the spring.
"However," The Daily Independent emphasized, "this did not faze the organization, which was determined to put the new bridge across the river. Rapid progress was made and by that fall the bridge was ready for dedication."
The contract price for the bridge was originally $225,000, and $50,000 was paid to purchase properties on both sides of the structure. The total cost of the project was over $300,000.
The bridge was owned by the Mercantile Bridge Company, which was formed in 1903 and chartered on March 25, 1904, and whose directors placed a toll charge of three cents a person. It was the successor to the Charleroi and Monessen Bridge Company, which was formed on Jan. 5, 1900, but which allowed its authorization to build the bridge to expire.
The Mercantile Bridge Company was founded in 1903 by David M. McCloskey, Thomas P. Sloan, Henry Sheets, A. Howard Nelson and John Percival. According to the newspaper, they had "great difficulty in securing a charter" and were assisted by Congressman E.F. Acheson of Washington.
A new Mercantile firm was organized in 1904 and its officers were John K. Tener, president; Charles S. Thompson, vice president; David M. McCloskey, secretary/treasurer, and George K. Tener of Sewickley and George Nash of Monessen, directors. The new bridge that opened Saturday is named in honor of John K. Tener.
Construction of the bridge was done by the American Bridge Company of Ambridge.
On the day of the grand opening in 1907, the morning was spent receiving guests. Promptly at 12:30 p.m., newspaper accounts said, the Monessen delegation of officials, speakers and guests paraded in a rainstorm to the center of the bridge. They were met there by Charleroi and North Charleroi officials and a parade was formed.
"At the head of the line was a platoon of mounted police of the Monessen Police Department," The Daily Independent reported. "Postmaster E.M. Frye, chief marshal, led the marchers and was followed by organizations and delegations from the various industries of the city."
Chief of Police Woolsey led the Monessen lawmen and Sgt. McCall was at the head of a unit of 10 state police officers on horses.
"Little Pearl Price, Monessen's first daughter, was driven at the head of the Monessen line," the newspaper reported. "She was the center of attention. Dressed in white and driven in an attractive pony cart, she was the subject of many compliments."
Highlighting the post-parade festivities was an ox roast at 2 p.m. on an empty lot where The Daily Independent building was later constructed on Sixth Street in Monessen. The meal was prepared and sandwiches were served to all. At 2:30 Congressman J.F. Burke of Pittsburgh addressed the crowd from the foundation of the Baptist Church on Schoonmaker Avenue.
The delegations then paraded through the streets of Monessen and proceeded to Charleroi, where "the celebration in Monessen was repeated," the Independent said. "The heavy rain kept a large number of Monessen people away but the Charleroi crowds were just as enthusiastic as earlier in the day."
A huge fireworks display in Charleroi was witnessed by a large crowd in the evening to culminate the day-long celebration.
Ron Paglia is a freelance writer for Trib Total Media.


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Book: Count of Monte Cristo.
Movie: Clerks.
Shows: Big Bang Theory/Walking Dead.
Music: Flo Rida Good Feeling
Food: Steak/Jerky
1) Books
2) An internet connection (With computer or laptop)
3) Friends in my life
4) A hobbie
5) Booze
6) Toilet paper?
WHAT! What do you want from me? I grew up poor I'm easily entertained what can I say?


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ADELAIDE United is reluctant to say if Bruce Djite will stay a Red for life but is grateful his future is secured until 2015.
Adelaide officials yesterday confirmed Djite had signed a two-year contract extension after making his A-League debut with United in 2006.
"You know how quickly things can change in football," Djite said.
"These days they change a bit quicker than they used to and two years is a long time and sometimes a week is a long time in football.
"Look, if I'm going to be in Australia I don't see any reason why I wouldn't play for Adelaide United."
Djite, 25, left Adelaide for Turkish football in 2008 for a then record $850,000 transfer fee, after buying a home in SA.
He returned to the A-League via Gold Coast United in 2010 and had a loan stint with China's Jiangsu Sainty last year before re-settling in Adelaide.
Djite yesterday became Adelaide's fourth player to extend contract terms after Cassio started the ball rolling last month.
Jeronimo Neumann joined Cassio and Fabio Ferreira on the contract extension list last week.
On November 1, Adelaide had 11 players potentially off contract at the end of the season. Now the Reds have just seven players uncontracted for 2014.
Out-of-favour srtiker Serginho van Dijk is destined to leave the club by January 1 if Adelaide agrees to an early release.
Last season's club champion Zenon Caravella is also at the end of his contract.
Winger Iain Ramsay - a rising star award winner under former boss Rini Coolen in the 2010/11 season - is also off contract.
Iain Fyfe, Cam Watson, Fabian Barbiero and Evan Kostopolous are also in line to extend terms.
Meanwhile, Djite says nothing less than a life ban from all matches is enough punishment for the racial sledge aimed at Paul Ifill.
The Wellington Phoenix midfielder was subject to racial taunts from at least one person sitting in the reserved seating of the Western Stand during Adelaide's 3-1 win over the Phoenix.
With the alleged offender still not identified, Washington-born Djite was angry.
"I hope it's not a blight on the game," Djite said.
"It's something that should never happen. Australia is quite a progressive country.
"I was quite shocked to hear that, just one spectator out of the 9000 at the game.
"They've made it a pretty big thing, I think it's something that's big and deserves to be addressed and it needs to be stamped on by the FFA (chief executive) Mr (David) Gallop and the club.
"So I hope the guy is caught identified and I hope the people of Adelaide get to see exactly who it is.
"Because naming and shaming these sorts of people is really a deterrent even if they're thinking something that it might actually deter from actually saying that."
Originally published as Djite a Red for another two


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Call our experts: 888.808.FINE
Shop Personalized StationeryCarlson Craft Wedding Invitations Customize any Address Stamp to match your style!
Select a quantity and printing method. Changes are easily made later.
This white calling card features a floral wreath letterpressed in pink. The initial of your choice is printed in the center of the wreath and additional text is printed just below.


text: Set near Lisbons city centre only a short walk from attractions such as the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum this modern 4 stars hotel Alameda is easy to reach via public transportation. Providing guests with a comfortable base during their stay in Portugals capital the Turim Alameda Hotel impresses with its simple and clearcut design. The hotel offers 70 well decorated and design rooms fully equipped with airconditioning TV satellite telephone hair dryer radio safe and free WiFi Internet. The hotel counts with the Turim Restaurant where guests will be able to start the day with a great buffet breakfast while later will be able to taste the very best of the traditional Portuguese cuisine. Additionally the Turim Vintange Club Bar part of the hotels facilities is the place to have a cool drink or taste one of the many cocktails it offers while watching a TV program or listening to the hotels music of choice. PLEASE NOTE WHEN MAKING A BOOKING THAT THIS HOTEL OFFERS DIFFERENT MEAL PLANS. GUESTS BOOKING THIS HOTEL NEED TO ENSURE THEY CHOOSE THE CORRECT SELECTION BEFORE FINALISING THE RESERVATION.


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|Web Site:
|215 Park Ave South
Suite 2001
New York, NY 10003
United States
|Mohr Davidow Ventures
Mantara is transforming the world of securities trading by delivering advanced technology solutions that fulfill the market demand for integrated multi-asset, high-speed trading and analytics. Fueled by demand for trading efficiency, transparency and functionality, Mantara is driving the development and delivery of an entirely new class of solutions that raise the bar and exceed market expectations for this space.
Led by a visionary management team with a proven track record in startup success and the resolve to be first-to-market with technology solutions that set the standard by which competing products and tools are judged, Mantara is breaking new ground and accelerating the race for advanced global trading solutions.
Link up your social media account to automatically promote the positions at Mantara.
Get a job alert every time Mantara posts a job.
Mantara does not have any jobs posted at this time.


text:
Already a thread on this, and no one replied to it.
Hi all.
Just read on this site where the WWE is blocking dates at arenas where TNA may want to hold events. The WWE is also considering changing tour dates for one brand.
Highly unusual since the WWE has not been overly concerned with TNA's business ventures. TNA recently announced they would be taking impact on the road, which would raise attendance, fan base, and money for TNA.
Is TNA actually becoming a competitor for WWE, and has the TNA product become better.
If TNA is becoming a true competitor; will the WWE take their product to the next level, and produce shows like we saw just 4 or 5 years ago.
What are your thoughts.
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Partisanship Derails Ohio Senator's Effort To Extend Unemployment Benefits
Republican Sen. Rob Portman's plan to pay for a three month extension of unemployment benefits has been blocked by the senate Democratic leadership.
Portman had proposed eliminating "double dipping," where people who receive Social Security Disability Insurance would be prevented from claiming unemployment benefits.
"If you get Social Security Disability Assistance, that means you're not working by definition," said Portman. "So, you shouldn't also get unemployment insurance which means you're looking for a job."
Portman says his plan would save over $5.4 billion over ten years.
"We need to do something to pay for this," Portman told 10TV. "Let's not go further into debt which hurts the economy."
Democratic Sen. Sherrod Brown says he is skeptical whether Portman's proposal is necessary for a short term extension.
"We need to do this quickly, as it has done in the past and put these kinds of negotiations and fits and starts behind us," said Brown.
Brown has put forward his own proposal to cut corporate tax breaks to fund unemployment benefits.
"If a company closes down in Newark and moves to China they get a tax break," said Brown. "We should take that away, that's the way to pay for unemployment insurance."
Officials estimate that around 40,000 Ohioans have lost benefits since the first of the year.
Portman and Brown do agree that they hope there will be a resolution by the end of next week.


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REDDITCH residents are being urged to back a brand new fatigue campaign by Crohn's and Colitis UK.
The campaign, which is being fronted by Sam Faiers from TOWIE, aims to help raise awareness of the serious symptom of fatigue.
It was revealed recently that there has been a 300 per cent increase in the number of young people being admitted to hospital with Crohn's disease.
Together Crohn's and Ulcerative Colitis, both Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, are estimated to affect 260,000 people in the UK alone.
A spokesman from the charity said: "Each year an estimated 10,000 young people, aged between 16 and 25, are diagnosed with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.
"We would like to stress that the exact cause of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases remains unknown, however environmental, genetic, bacterial and dietary factors have all been identified by different studies."
For more information on the campaign, visit crohnsandcolitis.org.uk.
REDDITCH residents are being urged to back a brand new fatigue campaign by Crohn's and Colitis UK.


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The story's coming along quite nicely. Rikka's quite cute when she sniffed …
- Tags: Bathing, Chuunibyou, Image Gallery, Kyoto Animation, Moe
Comment on Moebyou: "Deredere Rikka = Overkill" by Solace:
The story's coming along quite nicely. Rikka's quite cute when she sniffed Togashi's shirt.
Recent comments by Solace:
- Code Girl Collection: "Cute 2D Girls Teach Coding!":
Java is best girl. PHP is shit waifu material.
- Nintendo CEO Satoru Iwata Dies:
We understood. RIP. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwHZwvTdnPI
- Yazawa Nico Cosplay by Miyuko:
Although not much on the subject have been reported recently.
- Yazawa Nico Cosplay by Miyuko:
Oh man. The salt is real. Sankaku will thank you for all the traffic by the way.
- Top 10 Anime of 2014:
Drop SAO II and Aldnoah.Zero. Otherwise, decent list.


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University Registrar
All foreign transcripts must be accompanied by a professional evaluation and an official transcript, including an English translation if it is not in English, and course descriptions or syllabi. It is the student's responsibility to procure this evaluation and to assume financial responsibility for it. An exception to this requirement is an exchange agreement between SMU and a foreign institution which is modeled after the U.S. education system.
Because of the importance of this information, SMU only accepts evaluations from the following agencies of proven reliability:
The above services' evaluations should include an explanation that the institution is recognized by the ministry of education in the home country and is generally considered to offer at least the equivalent of U.S. higher education credit. In addition, it should include an explanation of the credits, the grading system and course levels, as well as a course-by-course evaluation.
The expertise and reliability of a professional evaluation report is recognized worldwide and is likely to be accepted by other academic institutions, employers and state licensing boards. However, the report is not binding to SMU and it will be considered a recommendation for SMU's independent decision of the credit to be given. Information and applications from the agencies are available online. For more information, students should contact the Office of Admission.
An exchange agreement between SMU and Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM) was established in 2004. ITESM is SACS accredited and is modeled after the U.S. education system, therefore it is treated as a U.S. institute. A professional evaluation is not required for ITESM.
Transfer students from foreign institutions should have their transcripts and related documents sent to:
The International Center
6185 Airline Road, Suite 216
Dallas, TX 75205
For further information please contact the SMU International Office.
Enforcement Actions Against Institutions Violating the Texas Education Code
Listed in the link below are administrative or legal actions taken by the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board, the Office of the Attorney General, or local law enforcement for violations of the Texas Education Code or other statutes related to private colleges and universities. Inclusion on this list does not necessarily mean the institution offers fraudulent or substandard degrees.


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Don't test the arms of the West Virginia outfield.
That's the lesson the Augusta GreenJackets learned tonight in a 1-0 loss to West Virginia at Lake Olmstead Stadium. The Power outfielders gunned down two GreenJackets base runners to kill off a pair of run scoring opportunities on a night when runs came at a premium.
"It was the difference in the game," West Virginia manager Gary Robinson. "That was a fist fight tonight, and we were lucky enough to make those plays."
Left fielder Rogelio Noris passed his test in the fifth when Augusta's Bobby Haney tried to score from second on a Carlos Willoughby single. Noris' one-hop to home beat Haney and catcher Elias Diaz blocked the plate to prevent the runner from scoring.
Center fielder Andy Vasquez, who was plugged into the game in the bottom of the second for starter Mel Rojas Jr. for what Robinson said was a "defensive substitution," stopped Augusta's other prime scoring opportunity in the eighth. The first two batters reached base when Willoughby bunter his way on and Raynor Campbell was hit by a pitch. But Josh Mazzola flied out to shallow center, and Vasquez fired a one-hop strike to third to get Willoughby trying to advance.
GreenJackets manager Lipso Nava said the two plays were key in a "beautiful" game that saw quality pitching and few mistakes.
"They shut us down," Nava said. "That was a pitchers' duel tonight."
Matt Curry's leadoff double in the seventh led to the only run of the game. He advanced to third on a wild pitch and scored when a potential inning-ending double play ball to second was bobbled by Willoughby.
West Virginia starter Zack Dodson threw five scoreless innings, and relievers Brooks Pounders and Jason Townsend combined to allow just one hit the rest of the way. Pounders (3-0) got the win and Townsend picked up his first save.
Augusta starter Taylor Rogers (1-4) was pulled with one out in the seventh in a scoreless game, but one of the two base runners he passed on to reliever Gaspar Santiago scored the game-winner.
GreenJackets left fielder Rafael Rodriguez saw his hitting streak end at 14 games thanks to an 0 for 4 night with three strikeouts. Willoughby tallied three of Augusta's six hits.
Curry led the Power with a 2 for 4 night.
Campbell, who left the game after taking a pitch to the chest in the eighth, walked off the field with help but said after the game the injury wasn't serious.


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Hey there, time traveller!
This article was published 13/8/2012 (1828 days ago), so information in it may no longer be current.
The Winnipeg Goldeyes took an early 3-0 lead against the North Division-leading Fargo-Moorhead RedHawks Monday night, but lost the game 5-3 before 3,448 fans at Newman Outdoor Field in Fargo.
Winnipeg's lead in the wild-card race is down to four games after the St. Paul Saints beat the Gary SouthShore RailCats 5-1. The Goldeyes now trail Fargo by five and a half games for first place in the division.
Winnipeg opened a two-run lead in the second inning when Yurendell de Caster singled in Amos Ramon and then scored a batter later on a Josh Mazzola double. Mike Coles doubled and then scored on a Kyle Day double as the Goldeyes extended the lead to 3-0 in the fourth.
The RedHawks cut into Winnipeg's lead in the bottom of the fourth with a pair of runs thanks to two RBI singles.
Nic Jackson hit a solo home run for Fargo in the sixth inning to tie the game 3-3.
A Price Kendall error in the eighth inning led to Fargo taking the lead. Kendall failed to pick up a ground ball at short, which allowed Jackson to reach base. Jackson came around to score on a Jon Gaston single and, with two outs, Ryan Delgado's sac fly to score Eric Campbell gave the RedHawks a 5-3 lead.
Coles, Josh Mazzola and Amos Ramon each had two hits for the Goldeyes, who grounded three double-plays in the game.
Goldeyes starter Matt Rusch went six and a third innings, allowing three runs and striking out three. He takes the no-decision. Brian Beuning was tagged with the loss after giving up two unearned runs in the eighth inning.
The Goldeyes and RedHawks meet against Tuesday night at Newman Outdoor Field at 7 p.m. Lefty Todd Privett (5-4, 3.25) gets the start for Winnipeg, while Fargo will counter with Tyler Herron (8-3, 4.02).
The pre-game show on TSN 1290 with Paul Edmonds begins at 6:30 p.m.


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Children's Theatre Company of Peekskill Presents: 'The Butter Battle Tale' & 'Stone Soup' - Ford Theater
Hours: 3-5pm
Ages: All
Price: $10/person
1031 Elm Street - 914-930-6600
Peekskill, NY 10566
Description: Celebrating its 6th consecutive season, The Children's Theatre Company of Peekskill presents a double musical treat, appropriate for children and adults. "The Butter Battle Tale," is a musical adaptation by Lory Lazarus, based on the "Butter Battle Book" by Dr. Seuss, with music and lyrics by Lori Lazarus. "Stone Soup," is an adaption by Mehr Mansuri and Jill Bolstridge, with music and lyrics by Frank Sanchez and Mehr Mansuri in collaboration with Lory Lazarus.


text:
YouMail Says Goodbye To BlackBerry
Demonstrating in dramatic fashion why BlackBerry maker Research in Motion seems to be in so much trouble these days, Irvine-based
, which develops personalized voicemail services and related applications, said it is saying goodbyte to the BlackBerry platform. The firm--which rose to prominence in part due to the popularity of its service on the Blackberry--said in a
blog post
Friday it has released its last BlackBerry app, rebuilding the app, fixing "tons" of bugs, and more. The firm said the move to suspend BlackBerry development came because it's now getting "fewer BB users than Windows Phone 7 users"--and the company does not even develop a Windows Phone 7 application. The firm said it has seen a "steady exodus" of its former BlackBerry users move to iPhone and Android.
posted on Friday, April 13, 2012
Related companies:
Related stories:
> YouMail Revs BlackBerry Appp
> YouMail Updates Blackberry App
> YouMail Trumpets App Download Numbers
> YouMail Hits 2 Million Users In US
> YouMail Rolls BlackBerry Voicemail
socalTECH.com Home


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|Events Calendar
Learning Center Open House - STC
When: August 18, 2014, 10:00 am - 12:00 pm
Where: C Building, Room 117, SanTan Campus
Learning Center Open House!!!
Stop in and meet the Learning Center staff. It's a great place to receive:
- 1-1 Tutoring
- Join study groups
- Attend a workshop
The Center will be awarding door prizes throughout the Open House so stop in and say hello!


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The announcement marks the second time in the event's history and the first time since 1993 that the Breeders' Cup has revealed on the same day more than one future host site for the World Championships. In addition to Keeneland, the brand's multi-year location strategy includes bringing the event to Santa Anita Park, in Arcadia, CA for the 2016 Breeders' Cup World Championships and Del Mar, near San Diego, CA in 2017.
"As part of our strategic three-year host site plan we are very pleased to announce Keeneland as the host venue for the 2015 Breeders' Cup World Championships," said Breeders' Cup Chairman Bill Farish. "Throughout its storied history, Keeneland has developed an extraordinary reputation for delivering a first-class racing and hospitality product. We are excited to bring the Breeders' Cup home to Lexington and are energized by the support from the local community and the breeders of Central Kentucky who have been such a vital part of our program since its inception."
Located in the heart of Central Kentucky's Bluegrass Region, Keeneland plays a unique role in both Thoroughbred racing and breeding. Each April and October, the top owners, trainers and jockeys converge at Keeneland to compete for some of the nation's richest purse money. As the world's premier Thoroughbred auction house, Keeneland attracts a global clientele to its four annual sales. Sale graduates include 77 horses that have won 83 Breeders' Cup races.
"The Breeders' Cup at Keeneland is a homecoming for many of these great champions who were foaled and raised at Central Kentucky farms, and often sold at Keeneland," said Keeneland President and CEO Bill Thomason. "The Keeneland team feels that sense of connection and history with the Breeders' Cup, and we look forward to offering fans an extraordinary racing and entertainment experience."
The multi-year host site decision is part of Breeders' Cup larger, forward-thinking growth strategy to showcase the best of what Thoroughbred racing has to offer and is an extension of the brand's "The Best Is Yet To Come" campaign which promises a curated Thoroughbred racing experience that will attract the best horses, the best owners and the best marketing partners.
Like Keeneland, which will be the site of next year's event on October 30 and 31, Del Mar will be hosting the Breeders' Cup for the first time in the event's 30-year history with the 2017 Breeders' Cup on November 3 and 4. In between these years, Breeders' Cup will return to Santa Anita, which will host the 2016 event on November 4 and 5 and represents the ninth time the track hosts the Breeders' Cup. All event dates are pending approval by the tracks' respective states.
About Breeders' Cup
The Breeders' Cup administers the Breeders' Cup World Championships, Thoroughbred racing's year-end Championships. The Breeders' Cup also administers the Breeders' Cup Challenge qualifying series, which provides automatic starting positions into the Championships races. The 2014 Breeders' Cup World Championships, consisting of 13 races and purses totaling $26 million will be held October 31-Nov. 1 at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, Calif., and will be televised live by the NBC Sports Group. Breeders' Cup press releases appear on the Breeders' Cup Web site, www.breederscup.com. You can also follow the Breeders' Cup on social media platforms Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.
About Keeneland
For more than 75 years, the Keeneland Association has devoted itself to the health and vibrancy of the Thoroughbred industry. As the world's largest Thoroughbred auction company, Keeneland conducts sales every January, April, September and November. Its sales graduates dominate racing across the globe at every level. In April and October, Keeneland offers some of the highest caliber and richest Thoroughbred racing in the world. Uniquely structured, Keeneland is a private, for-profit corporation that returns its earnings back to the industry and the community in the form of higher purses, as well as millions of dollars in charitable contributions for education, research and health and human services throughout Central Kentucky. To learn more about Keeneland, visit us online at www.keeneland.com.


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Foreclosure protection offered to displaced families
WASHINGTON – U.S. Housing and Urban Development Secretary Shaun Donovan today announced HUD will speed federal disaster assistance to the State of Hawaii and provide support to homeowners and low-income renters forced from their homes following severe storms, flooding and landslides last month.
Yesterday, President Obama issued a disaster declaration for Kauai County. The President's declaration allows HUD to offer foreclosure relief and other assistance to certain families living in these counties.
"Families who may have been forced from their homes need to know that help is available to begin the rebuilding process," said Donovan. "Whether it's foreclosure relief for FHA-insured families or helping these counties to recover, HUD stands ready to help in any way we can."
HUD's mission is to create strong, sustainable, inclusive communities and quality affordable homes for all.
HUD is working to strengthen the housing market to bolster the economy and protect consumers; meet the
need for quality affordable rental homes: utilize housing as a platform for improving quality of life; build
inclusive and sustainable communities free from discrimination; and transform the way HUD does business.
More information about HUD and its programs is available on the Internet at www.hud.gov and
http://espanol.hud.gov. You can also follow HUD on twitter @HUDgov, on facebook at
www.facebook.com/HUD, or sign up for news alerts on HUD's News Listserv.


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The Lodi Branch of the American Association of University Women will hold a "Funding for the Future" Bunco party on March 24 from 1 to 4 p.m. at the Vinewood Community Church multi-purpose room, 1900 W. Vine St. in Lodi. Proceeds from the event will be used for scholarships for high school girls and for middle school girls to attend Tech Trek science/math camp. The event is open to the public and will include a dessert buffet, coffee and other beverages. There will also be a variety of vendors for spring shopping and prizes, too.
Tickets are available for $20 per person. Tickets and/or further information can be obtained by calling Ronda Mettler at 209-334-1545 prior to March 9. After that date, contact Pat Stump at 209-339-4714. Tickets must be purchased by March 20.
Bring your Bunco group, a friend, or just yourself to share in this fun and easy way to help local students reach their goals and dreams.


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Justice & Ecology Retreats
MG's Justice & Ecology Retreats are our flagship program and participants consistently find them a transformative experience. Annually, MG selects a cohort of 25-30 local and national leaders of racial, economic and environmental justice movements to attend two three-day retreats at the Occidental Arts and Ecology Center in Sonoma County. The retreats combine in-depth discussion of ecological justice issues with structured presentations and trainings by expert ecologists and organizers. The first retreat focuses on literacy and analysis of local and global ecology, and the state of the ecological crisis. The second focuses on strategy and the implications for organizing in working class communities and communities of color.
"My relationship with Movement Generation has revolutionized my organizing approach. As a result, taking land to grow our own foods, house our families and create our own jobs has become one of our core strategies. By providing the thinking and acting space to intertwine smart political organizing with resiliency-based practices, MG is forcing us to grapple with the question, "are we ready to govern?"
Oscar Grande, People Organizing for Enivronmental & Economic Rights (PODER)
"The MG retreat series was one of the most mind blowing experiences of my life. I can no longer look at the world and my social justice work without an eco-justice frame. MG provides a critical role in sharpening the analysis of many movements – they give hope for what our future could look like."
Armael Malinis, Asian Youth Promoting Advocacy and Leadership (AYPAL)
"I love Movement Generation! MG works with base-building groups and broader alliances to build alternatives based on resilience and transformation, grounded in local realities and connected to regional, national, and international social movements. This is truly one of the most important things our movements need, and I'm so grateful for MG's leadership and vision."
Sara Mersha, Grassroots International
"The MG retreats have changed my life – they have changed how I see myself as an actor in the world. I can no longer compartmentalize my commitments to environmental, social and, racial justice from my commitment to creating a life sustaining earth."
Nile Malloy, Communities for a Better Environment (CBE)