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Tweets from @TBHomeTeam/writers
MORE from our HomeTeam writers.
Fri. January 25, 2013 | Matt Baker | Email
Critics will no longer be able to finger an easy schedule for Pasco's success under the new districts released Friday by the Florida High School Athletic Association.
The Pirates will spend the next two seasons in a much tougher Class 5A, District 6. Two of Hernando County's top programs, Hernando and Nature Coast, have joined that district along with perennial power Bushnell South Sumter. The Raiders spent most of last season ranked No. 1 in Class 4A and have 19 playoff victories since 1999. Pasco has played traditional rival Hernando in recent preseason games.
Zephyrhills, Central and Weeki Wachee round out the seven-team district.
The FHSAA added a new Class 5A district for the North Suncoast. Anclote, Gulf, Hudson, Ridgewood, Wesley Chapel and River Ridge will compete in District 7 after the Royal Knights dropped one classification.
Class 6A, District 6 shrunk to five teams. Four of them remain the same – Land O'Lakes, Mitchell, Springstead and Sunlake – but Fivay joined the group. The Falcons were runners-up in Class 5A, District 6 two seasons ago and made the playoff tiebreaker in that district last fall.
Wiregrass Ranch stays in a tough, Class 7A district as the North Suncoast's largest school. The Bulls will participate in Hillsborough County-heavy Class 7A, District 7 against Freedom, Gaither, Steinbrenner, Sickles and Tampa Bay Tech.
Bishop McLaughlin has ended its run as an independent school and a member of the Sunshine State Athletic Conference. The Hurricanes join Class 3A, District 4 alongside Berkeley Prep, Fort Meade, Frostproof, Lakeland Christian and Tampa Catholic.


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Playa Vista ApplyApply with LinkedIn Job Description: As a Product Development Manager you will be responsible for driving the schedule, cost, and quality for your products. Being a highly motivated team leader will be essential for success. You will lead multiple small, mid and6/28/2017 Playa Vista, CA Save This Job
Playa Vista ApplyApply with LinkedIn Job Description: As a Product Development Manager, you will be responsible for driving the schedule, cost, and quality for your products. Being a highly motivated team leader will be essential for success. You will lead multiple small, mid and6/28/2017 Playa Vista, CA Save This Job
Location: Apple Valley, MNDepartment: Information TechnologyType: Full TimeMin. Experience: Manager/Supervisor SUMMARY: The Database Development Manager is the leader of the product database teams. This role is responsible for the delivery and resourcing of the database team8/18/2017 Apple Valley, NC Save This Job
Prolacta Bioscience Inc. ? Duarte, CA Posted 29 days ago Apply Now Email Job Save Job Job Snapshot Full-Time Experience - At least 1 year(s) Degree - 4 Year Degree Biotechnology Marketing Relocation - No 21 Applicants How Do You Compare to the Competition? Get facts7/10/2017 Duarte, CA Save This Job
Location Cleveland, OH 44115 Other Location LOCATED IN CLEVELAND HEADQUARTERS Description Rapidly growing tech company looking for an experienced Product Marketing Manager. The ideal candidate will know their software products inside and out. They will become experts in their5/16/2017 Cleveland, OH Save This Job
Do you know and love the technology space but also want to be close to the business? Were you once a sales engineer who wants to be close to the product and sales, but perhaps spend less time on the road and scale your skills across more sales? Are you an experienced and8/17/2017 Minneapolis, MN Save This Job
at TrackMaven Washington, DC Washington, D.C. Marketing Full-Time TrackMaven (www.trackmaven.com), a fast-growing venture-backed SaaS company in Washington, D.C., is seeking an experienced Product Marketing Manager. In this role you will report directly to the Senior Director8/17/2017 Washington, DC Save This Job
Location:Zipcar HQ - Boston MA Country:United States Employment Type:Full Time Pay Type:Salary Enlarge Map Product Marketing Manager Hi there. We?re Zipcar, the world?s leading car-sharing network, driven to make cities better places to live. Since 2000, we?ve worked hard to7/22/2017 Boston, MA Save This Job
Product Marketing Manager As a Product Marketing Manager you are a fully dedicated business leader helping drive LegalZoom growth by shaping product vision and consumer perception. You own the product marketing experience, collaborating with cross-functional departments to7/20/2017 Glendale, CA Save This Job
Location: Apple Valley, MNDepartment: Information TechnologyType: Full TimeMin. Experience: Senior Manager/Supervisor SUMMARY: The Software Development Manager is the leader of the Scoring and Reporting teams. This role is responsible for the delivery and resourcing of the7/19/2017 Apple Valley, MN Save This Job
Job Details LevelExperienced Job LocationUSA-TX-Austin Position TypeFull Time Education Level4 Year Degree Description JOB TITLE Product Marketing Manager, Customer Acquisition Car Rental POSITION OVERVIEW The Product Marketing Manager, Customer Acquisition will be responsible to7/19/2017 Austin, TX Save This Job
Location:Columbus, MS Job Code:1630 # of openings:1 Description JOB DESCRIPTION: The Product Engineering Manager is accountable for the performance of engineering methods that support the manufacture of products to meet customer expectations as well as the responsibility for6/28/2017 Columbus, MS Save This Job
San Francisco, CA Company Summary: Blurb is a book-making platform and creative community that enables individuals to create, publish, share and sell high-quality photo books, trade books, and magazines in both print and digital formats. Blurb is accessible to consumers across6/20/2017 San Francisco, CA Save This Job
Art.com Inc. is a leading authority in wall decor and the world's largest online retailer of posters, prints, and framed art. Our marketing team is seeking an experienced product marketing pro. Responsibilities include working with the product and business owners of Art.com and8/18/2017 Emeryville, CA Save This Job
Menlo Park ? Back to Careers Page Ayasdi is seeking a Senior Technical Product Marketing Manager to join our growing team. This product marketing leader will bring a rare combination of technical, marketing & business skills plus domain expertise in machine learning. This role8/16/2017 Menlo Park, CA Save This Job
St. Paul, MN or Denver, CO or Washington, DC Apply Job Description Want a role with a creative, results driven, and innovative Marketing Team? This position is your opportunity to join Granicus, the leading cloud-based solution for government and support the advancement of7/19/2017 St. Paul, MN Save This Job
Marketing U.S. Home Office - or - Sunnyvale, CA Apply Description ABOUT ENLIGHTED: At Enlighted, we?ve created the most intelligent IoT sensor platform for smart buildings. The Enlighted platform transforms a building infrastructure into a robust, always-on, always-computing,7/15/2017 Sunnyvale, CA Save This Job
Marketing and Sales Cambridge, Massachusetts Apply Good Start Genetics, Inc. is an information solutions company delivering best-in-class genetics offerings to growing families. Using advanced clinical sequencing, proprietary methods and information tailored to the individual,7/15/2017 Cambridge, MA Save This Job
Overview Matisse Software, developer of the Post-Relational SQL database, is seeking an experienced Product Marketing Manager to join our rapidly growing team. In this position you will be responsible for developing winning strategies to accelerate the growth of our7/15/2017 Mountain View, CA Save This Job
PALO ALTOPRODUCTFULL-TIME APPLY FOR THIS JOB ShareThis is looking for the best and brightest to join our rapidly growing team. We are building a fast growing Data-as-a-Service business globally by helping our clients leverage our high volume data and distribution.We work in a7/6/2017 Palo Alto, CA Save This Job

subset: commoncrawl


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Vienna (Dec. 18)
The right of the anti-Semitic student German student body at the World Commerce College to be the sole official representative of the German students was recognized today by the rectorate of the University which also ratified the constitution of this student organization. The rectorate will, however, permit the formation of student organizations of other nationalities but only with minorities' rights.
The Jewish students and Jewish leaders of Vienna are planning to appeal to the courts against the University officials' action in submitting to the anti-Semitic students' demand. The constitutionality of this action is also to be questioned.
In November the anti-Semitic students at the World Commerce University attacked their Jewish classmates and ousted them from the lecture rooms when the college authorities rejected the anti-Semites' demand for an extension to the World Commerce University of the privilege accorded the anti-Semites at the Vienna University where the German student body is the sole official student organization.


text: Well this thread is to inform thoughs of you out there who might not know why some people have bad gramer, punctuation and spelling. There are many forms of Dyslexia. I for one have an odd one, so to speak. my brain proseses info. difrent then normal. as in it resives it just fine but when i recal it and try to poot it to papper or a keyboard. It dose,nt come out quite right. I consentrait on making shure it comes out in the right order so that the spelling sufers to the point that it dosen't register that. it's wrong. It has ben brought to my atention that otheres on here allso sufer this in one form or another. For thoughs who trusted me with that info. thank you! I do understand what it took to tell a strainger that very persinal and usealy embarasing to us problem. For thoughs of you that cant or wont take the time to understand what we have to say. Your loss. for the otheres. ask me if your having trouble understanding what im trying to say. I'm shure between us we can figure it out. I will not apolagise for my limitations. and only ask that if you have a problum with it please just pass over my post. theres no need to point it out to me. trust me, I already know. And please think befor you cridasize some one. there might be somthing beond there control causing it.


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There are some strange and twisted people out there, which Kim Kardashian discovered when she posted an innocent picture of herself on New Year's Eve with her mate, fellow reality TV star Brittany Gastineau.
The Instagram image showed the pair in 1OAK nightclub, where Kim was hosting the celebrations.
Obviously she wouldn't have been drinking, but for some reason it seemed to offend people that she was in a club while there's a baby in her womb.
"I mean should you really be in the club if you're pregnant? Classy," one person responded to the snap.
Is it 1958?
Others went even further, accusing her of being an unfit mother and making jokes about her weight.
In additional, rather strange news it seems that the foetus in Kim's womb has caused an increase interest in her sex tape.
Sex sells and so do babies it seems. Since Kanye West announced live on stage he had impregnated girlfriend Kim Kardashian , the general public have been snapping up copies of her the sex tape which made her famous.
Apparently there's been an 80 per cent rise in sales for the naughty home video she made with R&B singer Ray J, who she was dating in 2003.
The tape was leaked in 2007 and the pair became, er, household names. Although Kim sued the distributors, she settled for £3million (and a lifetime of fame).
Kim has been talking about her first pregnancy and doesn't sound much like an earth mother right now , which we kind of like, because we know we'd probably feel the same.
"I haven't had any morning sickness, but it still isn't the easiest. People always say it's easy and fun.
"It's definitely an adjustment learning about your body and stuff like that. When people say pregnancy is fun and they love it, I would disagree. I think from this stage on it does become easier and funner but it's just adjusting.
"Even my sister has made it look so easy and it's not as easy as people think. It's a little painful, there's a lot of growing pains."
But she also said she was planning on concentrating on her health: "This New Year is just about being happy and healthy and that's what I plan on doing."
And she's not lying either, because while the rest of us were lying horizontal, stroking our own head and thinking about cheese based foods, she hit the gym on New Year's Day.


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Click on the folder links below to navigate through the material. To download a specific file click on the file icon or hyperlink to start downloading the material.
A South African Educator on fire!
LEARNER WORKBOOKS: Once downloaded, print a chapter or the whole book and then print the ruled lines on the reverse side of each page – thus giving you space to write extra notes or do sample problems. Staple the pages together in the form of a book. This learner workbook is ideal for learning for tests and exams and can be even more useful than a textbook!
Not sure about the meaning of a word used in Maths? We have an A-Z Online Maths Dictionary for you!
Resources Main Menu / Top learner wants to do Actuarial Science.pdf /
External links of interest
- Videos, textbooks, worksheets, exam papers, Maths Olympiads – http://www.mathsexcellence.co.za/index.php
- Mindset learn – http://www.mindset.co.za/learn/home
- Enriching mathematics – for students & teachers G 1 – 12 – http://nrich.maths.org/frontpage
- Interactive journey showing the scale of the universe – http://htwins.net/scale2/


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The bench of the Owen County High School Boys Basketball team goes wild after the team won its second-straight Eighth Region All A Tournament championship Friday night. The Rebels will travel to Frankfort to take part in the All A State Tournament this week. Second photo: The Owen County High School cheerleaders show off the hardware they captured with their Eighth Region championship. The girls won the title for the second year in a row and will compete in the state tournament on Saturday in Bowling Green. Go to our Today's Sports section for complete details.
The Owen County grand jury recently indicted two men after they allegedly burglarized two barns in December.
Alexander Keegan Pinkstaff, 18, and Joseph F. Chanlder, 20, are both charged with two counts of third-degree burglary, theft by unlawful taking with a value of $500 or more and theft by unlawful taking with a value under $500.
According to the indictments, the alleged burglaries took place between Dec. 4 and Dec. 6.
Owen County Sheriff Zemer Hammond said the two men allegedly took copper wire out of the barns located on Hwy. 22 East.
A family who has made a life of helping and supporting others stricken by congenital heart defects will be among the special guests at the eighth-annual Walk for Awareness of Congenital Heart Defects.
On Feb. 16 from 11 a.m to 5 p.m., God's Special Little Hearts and the Owen County Homemakers will be hosting the eighth annual Walk for Awareness of Congenital Heart Defects.
Katie Columbia, chairperson of God's Special Little Hearts, Inc., said she had been following the story of the Mullett family of North Carolina for a long time.
Although an outbreak of the flu has caused several Kentucky school districts to shut down, Owen County has been fortunate so far.
According to the Kentucky Department for Public Health, the current flu activity level for Kentucky is widespread, meaning outbreaks of influenza or influenza-like cases and recent laboratory-confirmed influenza in at least half the regions of the state.
It's what they call a short session at the General Assembly.
Since the state's legislature started holding annual meetings instead of every two years, the odd numbered years have been limited to 30 days instead of 90.
The state faces a lot of problems and 30 days doesn't seem like a lot of time to address them in any realistic way.
Chester Marston of Owenton celebrated his 93rd birthday Jan. 16 meeting his first great-grandchild, Hudson Gray.
Chester Marston of Owenton celebrated his 93rd birthday Jan. 16 meeting his first great-grandchild, Hudson Gray.
Ms. Inman's class super honor roll
Macie Chappell, Colby Faulkner, Chloe Harmon, Madison Humphries, Aston Little, Brooklyn Morris, Hagen New, Gracie Pugh, Michael Roberts, Luke Vinal and Emmalee Wilson.
A-B Honor Roll: Haley Burden, Shyann Ferrell, Oralia Olguin, Destiny Prather, Andy Sears, Faith Smith and Hunter Steffen.
Mrs. Bates' class super honor roll
Charlie Baumann, Sydney Cobb, Katie Fisk, Emily Kemper and Malyn Merchant.
Justin K. Blackburn, 1994, probation violation, probation revoked.
Felicia D. Bramlett, 1985, probation violation, also owes $2,067 in fines, costs and fees, appointed public attorney.
Joseph Michael Dorten, 1980, diversion completion, release from diversion.
James K. Elmore, 1986, probation violation, also owes $1,825 fines and costs, motion to revoke probation, appointed public attorney, hearing set for Jan. 29.
Dallas G. Goins, 1988, show cause deferred, owes $155 total, remand.
Copyright © 2017
The Owenton News-Herald is your source for local news, sports, events and information in Owen County and Owenton, KY, and the surrounding area.


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The CBBC Newsround website reported that people in charge of casting the Harry Potter films are looking for Harry's unusual new friend, Luna Lovegood
Hi gals. What's up UK schoolgirls? Wanna be a movie star? Yes you can. Listen, per the CBBC Newsround website, people behind the casting of the 'Harry Potter' films are looking for the perfect girl to portray Harry's unusual new friend, the four-years-old Luna Lovegood, which will for the first time appear in "Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix."
In hunting one, they will in the forthcoming months scour schools around UK. Anyone can be Luna Lovegood. Those whose school isn't on the list to be visited can send photo, age, and contact information to Luna Lovegood Casting c/o Harry Potter and The Order of the Phoenix Leavesden Studios PO Box 322 Hertfordshire WD25 7XJ.
"Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix" is set to start shooting in January and will hit theaters on November 18th next year with David Yates in hand to direct. See ya on screen.


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Product Color:
Product information
The Sleeveless Parking Only Anglican Orthodox - Sign is the no-sleeve version of the popular favorite t-shape. Perfect for use in sports where you are bound to sweat and need wide range of movement as well as on hot and sunny days, to avoid those tan-lines across your biceps. Put Anglican Orthodox Church on the finest combed jersey which feels soothing against your skin.
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Sku: SL1BL0000025050909090049YGBL00000


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BMXAA4190E Asset/Location Priority 0
Technote (troubleshooting)
Priority error during PM work order generation.
If a PM is written against a location only (no route, and the location does not have an associated asset), PM Generation fails with error:
BMXAA3210E - Failure while generating work orders. BMXAA4190E - Asset/Location Priority 0 is not in the value list.
The PM itself does have a priority associated with it.
1) Create a simple numeric domain with a few values. For example: 1, 2 3
2) In Database Configuration application, associate this domain to the following priority fields:
Save and run database configuration
3) Create a PM 1008 based on a location only (where the location has
the default 0 priority) e.g. location = ADDR2001
4) Generate the work order 1219 from this PM
BMXAA3210E - Failure while generating work orders.
BMXAA4190E - Asset/Location Priority 0 is not in the value list.
A workaround would be to assign a priority to all locations, but this is not the behavior in Maximo 6, and it is not documented that all locations must have a priority that matches a valid Asset priority in order to run work order generation when there is no asset. The work order in this scenario does inherit the priority from the PM, not the location.
Resolving the problem
This is working by design. Priority 0 is not in the numeric value list 1,2,3 that got attached to asset.priority and workorder.priority fields.
If the domain is defined as 1,2,3 values then the location priority should be one of the values from the domain and cannot be 0. So the value has to exist in the domain list.
Alternatively, have this domain associated to the Location table also since this priority value gets copied to work order priority field when work orders are generated.
If there is a custom numeric domain on the asset/loc priority field on work orders that only allows 1, 2 or 3, then any calculation of the asset/loc priority will result in a 1, 2 or 3.
The asset/location priority is calculated when the asset and location fields are updated on a work order.
The 'calculation choice' defined in the preferences of Assignment manager will be used to calculate the work orders asset/location value.
Every asset and every location should have priorities defined that when calculated using the formula set in the assignment manager's preferences will always result in a value that is in that domain OR make sure that every possible calculation result is included in the domain for the asset/location field on the work order.
Document information
More support for:
Maximo Asset Management
Prev Maint
Software version: Version Independent
Operating system(s): Platform Independent
Reference #: 1615205
Modified date: 19 September 2014
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Do you let ego and basic survival instincts dictate your workplace behavior? Are co-workers playing destructive power games that undermine your efforts? Being territorial isn't always all bad, but if taken too far, it can work against you in today's collaborative team environment.
The caveman's to-do list: Spear a fish for dinner, hide surplus roots and berries, stick skulls on poles around perimeter of home to ward off enemy. The controller's to-do list: Make a pitch for a corner office, join a new cross-functional team, re-evaluate budget numbers per marketing's request for additional staff. The two agendas may seem dissimilar but they really aren't — both are about survival and territory.
What's mine? What's yours? What belongs to both of us? When the loot at stake was a huge slab of meat, or shelter from a blizzard or life itself (behold the attacking marauder), the actions were clear: Grab your weapons, beat your chest and do whatever necessary to protect your turf. Today, corporate warriors are unlikely to battle over a porterhouse steak, but more "civilized" loot is now on the table — promotions, budgets, raises and bonuses, decision-making power, talented staff members, corporate perks.
Annette Simmons, a behavioral science consultant and president of Group Process Consulting in Greensboro, N.C., states, "We are territorial because territory helps us survive. But self-image got mixed in with the survival programming. The emotional equipment designed to protect us from lions, tigers and bears and to help us find food, sex and shelter keeps running even when the lions are in cages and our stomachs are full. We are being run by out-of-date programming that operated for thousands of years to perpetuate the survival of the species."
Controllers Play Games?
Ken Matthews, CFO of Chatham Steel Corp. in Savannah, Ga., says, "We are at the apex of the places where you can play games, and we can be very territorial. Our job title is to control and we are controlling stuff all the time. It can be appropriate behavior because our job is to protect the company, but the behavior may be inappropriate when we are controlling out of our own egos. You can take a controller's job and define and manage a lot of territory with it, but doing so can be a big waste of time and energy."
Some territorial behavior (also known as competition) is necessary and healthy. It can spark creativity, reward those who have duly earned rewards and motivate people to perform at optimal levels. Territorial behavior, however, becomes destructive when it damages a company's or employee's performance or reputation, when it becomes truly greedy and vindictive, and when it casts an oppressive shadow on employee morale and commitment.
A lot of the time it's impossible to tell the difference between good and bad territoriality. Both can look the same, claims Matthews, but the underlying motivation is the determining factor. Simmons adds that people seem to have a "common wisdom" about manipulative, harmful action. In other words, co-workers know it when they see it.
Let the Games Begin
Simmons' in-depth research on corporate civil war is outlined in her book, "Territorial Games: Understanding & Ending Turf Wars at Work." Following are five of the ten games that she has identified (see Let the Corporate Games Continue (right) for the other games you or your co-workers may be playing).
- The Occupation Game (Possession is nine-tenths of the law.) It can mean holding on to the best office or parking space, but for the financial manager, the valuable commodity is information — having it and controlling it. Simmons says, "It's like having big, juicy bison in your cave. Information is power, a tool that can be used to either keep people out or to share the wealth. Being the gatekeepers, financial people can withhold information from the rest of the organization — more out of glee because they are the powerful ones — than from any sort of functional reason."
- The Information Manipulation Game (Damned lies and statistics.) The issue here is not so much withholding information as it is manipulating, or tweaking, it. Simmons explains, "In many organizations, how you crunch the numbers determines who looks best, who looks most profitable. Financial managers can wield this power to make or break another person or another division."
Oftentimes this game is played with the occupation game. And, contends Matthews, there are a lot of subtle versions of the two games. For instance: Hot off the computer is a report that a controller can take to a meeting that will take place in an hour. In the report are some numbers that could prove embarrassing for Frank in advertising. The controller could alert Frank about the numbers, or sit back and wait to see how Frank sweats out the numbers in front of a roomful of people. Matthews concludes, "These games can be much more subtle than playing with or withholding the numbers — it's how you work with people that matters. Financial managers are in a position where we can help people out, help them prepare and manage their processes, or we can set them up, watch them squirm."
Better yet, says Simmons, is to ask the financial manager a question that he or she is unable to answer (even if the answer is immaterial to the discussion): "So, Marcia, do you really know how Widget Wonder works and why it is so essential to our manufacturing process?" Not knowing the answer to such a question can make you mumble and stumble, and lose credibility.
Since face-to-face discrediting can invite retaliation, it is often done "behind people's backs," declares Matthews. For instance, he says, someone in sales and marketing might say, "The finance people don't understand our customers and products. The finance people come on the battlefield after the battle is over and kill the wounded. They live in their ivory towers and just pump out financial statements." In addition, says Matthews, "Discrediting can be totally unrelated to someone's competency and technical skills. It can be what kind of car they drive, what kind of shirts they wear, how they comb their hair, where they eat. The idea is to take one little flaw that has some credibility and pick on that flaw. It discredits the person in a very destructive way."
Moving Toward Peace
Who needs to be constantly dodging "friendly fire"? Peace agreements and more civilized behavior seem to be the answers but not at the risk of self-destruction. Remember "West Side Story"? Tony, the hero, preached peace between the rival gangs, the Sharks and the Jets. At the end of the play, Tony had accomplished his mission — as the gangs joined together in carrying his dead body off stage.
Since territorial behavior is buried within our genes, it's unlikely that it will ever disappear. Many times people are not even aware that they are playing games; they just unconsciously jump into action whenever a threat appears near. In addition, some companies seem to encourage civil war as the backbone of competition. Nonetheless, there are some steps to take to decrease the turf wars at work.
- Create a desire for change. Simply calling someone's attention to a game and telling them to stop doesn't work. Game players need to see that it is in their best interests to change (what's in it for me?). According to Simmons, "People are too complex to understand without their cooperation, and they are too difficult to change without their permission. It is your responsibility to create a genuine desire for change."
- Put aside some logic. Territorial behavior often stems from irrational thinking. Try to zone in on the emotions and survival instincts that underlie the actions of your opponent. Simmons advises that you be careful about using the word "should" when you think and talk about corporate games. She says, "Let go of the word 'should' because it's not logical to think that people are going to behave logically."
- Go first. Figure out what games you play and alter your behavior. Simmons cautions, "Try not to go around preaching love, trust and fairy dust. You'll get eaten alive. But by the same token, if people don't see a change in your behavior, there's no stimulus for them to change their behavior. Your behavior is the only thing in the system that you have control over."
- Point out problems using the Socratic Method. This means asking insightful, nonthreatening questions to get people to look below the surface of their territorial actions. ("Did you think there was a hidden agenda in this project? What did you think it was?") You appeal to reason and common sense and allow people to reach their own conclusions about their behavior.
- Don't hoard information. People need the right information to make good decisions and do their jobs well. According to Simmons, "Controllers may think that other people don't know that information is being withheld. Not only do they know, they in turn will retaliate by withholding information from controllers."
- Tread carefully around resource allocation. Having limited resources to share is a sure trigger for war. Simmons advises, "The intelligence of the entire organization should be allowed to influence where resources are allocated. If you limit that intelligence by limiting the number of people who get in on that decision, then you are inviting a short-sighted or small-minded decision."
- Retaliate at or below the level of intensity of your opponent. When forced into battle, you should defend yourself. Simmons recommends, "If someone hits you with a size-five club, you don't want to return the hit with a six club because that escalates the game. If someone hits you with a five, you respond with a five or, better yet, with a four. That lets the person know that you mean business but gives the opponent a chance to continue de-escalating the game."
Redefining the Enemy
Republicans and Democrats in Congress get along a lot better when a war, or a villain like Saddam Hussein, threatens the security of the United States. A common enemy tends to pull internal opponents together, makes them cooperate in order to fight the evil forces that could hurt both of them. Likewise, you can channel your territorial energy into finding and fighting a new enemy.
A good candidate for "the enemy" is your primary competitor. Simmons explains, "If you can really get focused on who your competition is — out there in the marketplace — then that shrinks the differences between people and departments. You can work together better as a team." She concludes, "The transfer of our natural territorial instincts from internal enemies to external enemies is a better use of the territorial drive than infighting. Since you will never eliminate territorial drives, why not put them where you want them? If people need an enemy — and they do — give them one."


text:
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This item has been tagged as: Rocker, Rocking Chair, Nursery Furniture, Nursery Rocking Chair, Glider, Nursery Glider, Glider Chair, Glider Rocker, Glider Rocking Chair, Glider Rocking Chair, Childrens Room Rocking Chair, Chair and a Half, Chair and a Half Recliner, Chair and a Half Sleeper, Chair and a Half with Ottoman, Big Chair, Oversized Chair, Chair and Ottoman, Ottoman Chair, Chair and Ottoman Set, Accent Chair, Chaise, Chaise Lounge, Small Chaise, Chaise Lounge Chair, Custom Chaise Lounge, Chaise Lounger, Double Chair, Exposed Wood Chair, Accent Chair with Wood Arms or Legs, Exposed Wood Seating, Exposed Wood Pieces, Wing Chair, Wingback Chair, Queen Anne Chair, Easy Chair, Fireplace Chair, Daybed
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The elevator ride up feels slow for just five floors, expectant. Tight smiles look without looking. There's a pink gold Panerai on one passenger's wrist. He's wearing Venetian leather Berlutti loafers. The men's ties are artfully understated, snug; the women's heels are high and young and tasteful.
As the door whisks open they disappear into the view – into the 270 degrees of glass looking out on the city, into the penthouse patio with its fire-breathing heaters and its lissome servers, into the bar that's packed elbow to shoulder even now, at 7:30 on a Tuesday. The dining room beyond it, bright and elegant, might have been pulled from Architectural Digest, from the spread on that Montauk beach hideaway that was designed by the shipping heiress who was linked to that actor with the arms and the dance moves. They disappear into the perpetual-motion background beat that a bookish friend calls "the pulse of success."
There are NHLers and dealmakers and securities lawyers in the booths, music and fashion types, society names. Richard and Rana came in on Saturday with Joe and Kim, a friend who summers in Bermuda says. "Florida. And Mimran," he adds.
In only two months, The Chase has become moneyed Toronto's hottest reservation. More than that, it has become an excellent restaurant. It is the first new Financial District power spot in more than a decade to nail design and tone and fine dining-calibre service – and to pair them with fine cooking that's just familiar enough.
And improbably perhaps, given the expense of building and staffing such an ambitious place, The Chase (along with the street-level The Chase Fish & Oyster, which I'll review here in the coming weeks) didn't issue from one of the district's existing multirestaurant companies. It is the work of an upstart young investor named Michael Kimel (he is also behind the clubby new Latin street food restaurant called Valdez, and the Belly Buster sandwich chain; his uncle is Ron Kimel, the real estate development heavy) and front-of-house man Steven Salm. Mr. Salm began his career at New York's downtown Ritz-Carlton hotel, then helped run that city's high-end BLT restaurant empire in its white hot prime.
Their executive chef, Michael Steh, has come into his own here after years spent at Reds – a restaurant that was never as good as his cooking was – cheerily enduring the title "One to watch."
Mr. Steh's opening menu doesn't bear many surprises at first blush: with its grilled scallops and quinoa dish, its veal tenderloin with humpback shrimp, its chopped vegetable salad and its $46 lobster fazzoletti plate, it reads like modern high-end Americana. The details set it apart. The Chase's mozzarella gets made by hand in the restaurant's kitchen at 3:00 every morning. Where other restaurants – even places that boast of having mozzarella bars – buy their fresh mozz from cheese mongers, at The Chase a poor, sleepless sod of a sous chef chops then slowly heats cow's milk curd sourced near Ingersoll, Ont., then carefully folds it and pulls and shapes it into mozzarella balls. It is the some of the freshest, softest, most toe-curling milky-creamy cheese in town these days, worth every penny of its $18 tab.
The grilled scallops come set over silky, virid pea puree, sided with an oozy poached egg, ham hock and a dusting of quinoa that's been braised and then deep-fried so that it's deep-golden nutty and crunches like panko crumbs. (Somewhere, a vegan weeps.)
For another appetizer, Mr. Steh pairs hunks of tender poached crab with seared Chanterelle mushrooms and a beurre blanc flavoured with pureed carrots. Alongside them: light, creamy, sexy-textured semolina gnudi – what gnocchi might taste like on the beach on Capri in Aubade underwear. The 40-oz, bone-in ribeye for two (or four, more like it) comes napped in veal jus and brandy cream.
One of my tablemates one evening, a pastry chef who trained in Copenhagen, nearly wept as she dove into a plate of The Chase's signature whole-roasted, foie gras, pistachio and apricot-stuffed chicken. The first time we saw it, the waiter had brought it for a viewing, snug in its polished-steel roaster dish, crisp-skinned with onion and thyme flowers and rosemary sprigs jutting out of it, as darkly, richly complected as a vintage Rosewood sideboard.
Now, returned from the kitchen, the breast was sliced into thick, milky-looking, foie and orchard fruit-perfumed slabs. Mr. Steh had plated the pieces onto plinths of parsnip, peas, cream, corn and pulled leg meat. "I honestly want to cry, that's how good it is," my date said. "Oh God, oh God." You can only imagine.
If I were with Oliver & Bonacini (Jump, Biff's, the suddenly slightly less vital Canoe), The McEwan Group (Bymark, which feels as current these days as a Cosby sweater) or SIR Corp (the also-ran Far Niente, and Reds), I'd feel plenty threatened right now.
The attention to detail does veer at times toward parody. One evening, our superb young server tells us that the 2 ½ lb, $95 halibut for two, raised at an aquaculture facility on P.E.I., was "fed a high-protein diet," which is just too much information, really. (The finished fish, served over roasted morels and creamed leeks and smothered with a buttery Parmesan brioche crumb, tastes monumentally delicious. But under all the accoutering, it is hardly a fish dish; that high-protein-fed, 2 ½ lb halibut becomes a bit player, Shia LaBeouf in a room with Gosling and Pacino.)
Mr. Steh's "Young Vegetables" appetizer features baby corn and carrots and radishes stuck into a bowl of crushed ice, like pink and yellow diamonds in a Royal de Versailles display case. They were grown exclusively for the restaurant by a specialty farm outside Santa Monica, our waiter announces proudly. There's a look of puzzlement around the table. Santa Monica … Ontario?
California, he clarifies. This strikes me as idiocy. They taste exactly like very good long-haul vegetables. Surely there's a specialty farm within 1,000 kilometres of Toronto that can grow carrots that taste like that.
People will love The Chase's $46 lobster pasta. The plate comes heaped with cream and fresh cheese, tender handkerchief pasta and lobster. But it feels too loose, too easy, a little unhinged compared to the one at Joe Beef in Montreal, say. A plate this rich needs finesse and balance as much as it needs good noodles and monster hunks of claw meat.
It is still early in the restaurant's life, though. In a phone interview, Mr. Steh said he plans to introduce 12 new dishes when he launches his fall menu next week. Many of them will be more adventurous and more uniquely Toronto than the dishes on his opening list, Mr. Steh said. "We wanted to earn our customers' trust before challenging them a little," he said.
I hope that they will also rely at least somewhat less on crowd-pleasing but easy cream and cheese, and more on their marquee ingredients.
To their great credit, none of the project's three principals are aiming for anything less than perfection. "These will be the two restaurants the city and the country will be talking about for the next decade," Mr. Salm wrote of The Chase and its downstairs sibling in an e-mail this summer.
Overstatement? Almost certainly. But that ambition and the lengths that Mr. Salm and his partners have gone to fulfill it – from that extraordinary dining room, built from scratch on the top floor of one of Toronto's most beautiful heritage buildings, to the top-flight service and Mr. Steh's cut-no-corners kitchen work – are refreshing when down-market casual has become the go-to posture for downtown restaurant developers. These guys are aiming for way better than good enough.
And The Chase has a way of overcoming minor issues. For dessert, there's angel food cake layered with coconut cream and lime curd, cloaked in marshmallow icing that's been toasted, as if by a campfire. There's a dwarf coconut on the plate next to it – a perfect, tender fruit the size of a doughnut hole.
You should have it. The dish is a deal at $10. And then just try to not feel superb on the elevator ride back down.Report Typo/Error
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Accent light is beneficial in this area, lower the general lighting and add spotlights or recessed spotlights in the ceiling. This is an area where the ceiling height can be lowered which enables you to work more with the atmosphere. If it is height ceiling, choose a spotlight with good light output.
Choose spotlights and mix them with luminaires with a Glow function. They are tailor-made for the fruit and vegetable section and are equipped with a LED module that is specifically selected and tested for illuminating such foods. It is strong in the warm coloured spectrum that makes it suitable to illuminate fruit and vegetables as well as giving flowers a fresh look.
Another option is to use a spotlight with a warmer light temperature of 2700 K. Or use a tunable version in which you can change the colour temperature after colour of the displayed items.


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Valley memories abound in Florida
He lives in Deerfield Beach, Fla., and travels a lot in his role as vice president and chief operating officer of a hospital management consulting firm based in that scenic southern city.
But thoughts of his hometown of Monessen are never far away for James M. Stanger Jr.
"Those were great times," said Stanger, a 1984 graduate of Monessen High School. "It was an unforgettable experience growing up in Monessen and the Mon Valley. "We learned so much about life, about family and community values, about giving and earning respect, about each other. "We were blessed with excellent role models at home, in school and in the community.
"Those lessons have remained with me throughout my life."
Like most teenagers of his generation, Stanger, a co-founder of Frontier Hospitals Inc. in Deerfield Beach, kept busy in many ways during those formative years.
"I was co-captain of the tennis team in high school and placed most of the time on the track team in the 880 and two-mile runs and even once in the pole vault," he said. "I played football as a sophomore but gave it up when I decided to take a job to earn money to buy a car.
"I also bowled in a Saturday morning league and had an average of 164. I didn't exactly blister the lanes but it was a lot of fun."
Stanger's closest friends at the time were Dr. Todd Zelczak, David Sarra, Mark Young, Jimbo Barker, Jonas Hunter, Shawn Perry and Darren Danko "and all the girls in the same group we hung out with," he recalled.
"I stayed pretty busy between work and voluteering for the Monessen Ambulance Service, but I
made sure to attend concerts and sports events at school," he said.
His myriad jobs included news carrier for The Valley Independent and duties at Rax Roast Beef, Continental Catering, Sheetz, a waterbed store and a Christmas tree farm.
"I was only 10 years old when I got the job at The Valley Independent - the youngest carrier ever," Stanger said.
"I had to go in for a meeting with the circulation manager and received special permission to become a carrier before I turned 12.
"It worked out because I was already doing deliveries on a route held by another carrier since I was eight.
"I more than doubled the number of customers on my route after taking over on a permanent basis and earned their respect by putting the papers inside their doors."
Stanger said that while his jobs varied in duties and assignments, they all provided a solid foundation for the future.
"I worked for a number of different bosses but each job offered the same lessons in responsibility, customer satisfaction, discipline and, perhaps most important, managing your finances," he said.
"I never expected to get rich with those jobs, but I was always grateful that they provided me with spending money to buy a car and do other things that interested me."
Those experiences remained with Stanger, who earned a bachelor of science degree in nursing from Penn State University in 1988, in jobs as an adult.
He worked as a registered nurse, hospital administrator and financial consultant in such places as Baltimore, Hawaii, Connecticut, New York City and Atlanta before moving to Florida and launching Frontier Hospitals Inc. with David Byrns in 2004.
"Once you learn about responsibility to your company, your employees or co-workers and, most important, your clients, you never forget them," he said. "I've always been grateful to the people for whom and with whom I worked while growing up in Monessen."
Stanger's interest in health care also evolved during those years as he became an emergency medical technician (EMT) at Monessen Ambulance Service when he was in 10th grade.
"My late grandfather, Lewis Ray, helped found the original service and was a volunteer fireman in Monessen," he said. "I heard so many wonderful stories about him and his commitment to the community and that inspired me to become an EMT.
"There were two or three of us who posted the most volunteer hours at the service before we went off to college. It involved a lot of time but every minute was worthwhile. The experience prompted me to pursue nursing as a major instead of engineering when I began my studies at Penn State."
Stanger's grandmother, the late Valia (D'Alfonso) Ray, also was an inspiration.
"Grandma Val was ahead of her time, I believe, in terms of women in the work force," Stanger said. "She worked for Friendand's and G.C. Murphy in Monessen and was a buyer for women's clothing in the early years of her career. She didn't order the clothes from a salesman or from a catalog. She frequently went to New York City to get a first-hand look at the fashions and she even drove to Miami and back for the same purpose when there were only two-lane highways. She was a special person in many ways throughout her life."
Stanger values the "excellent education" he received in the Monessen Public Schools system and recalled several teachers whose words of wisdom and guidance have influenced his life.
"Ms. Florence Skiles was our third-grade teacher and she taught outside the box long before that became a popular buzz phrase," he said. "She encouraged us use our creativity as well as the fundamentals of reading, writing and arithmetic to expand our minds."
He also revered longtime teacher/coach Joe Koval, a physical education instructor who "always called it like it was."
"Joe didn't candy coat anything," Stanger said with a knowing smile. "He would tell you, 'Hey, you are never going to be a basketball player, so go over there and find something else today,' which today would probably offend just about everyone. Joe's manner may sound harsh but it was a good dose of reality that carries over into today's world. Not everyone is going to become the CEO of a company, so you learn to deal with it, discover what you can do and be the best you can at it."
Stanger also offered continued gratitude to teachers Ronald Galilei, Robert Imburgia and Harry Heyward "for making me expand my love for mathematics and putting it to good use – then, over the years and now."
Because they share similar values and backgrounds, Stanger said he and his partner, David Bryns, CEO of Frontier Hospitals Inc., are a "perfect match."
"David is from a small town outside of Louisville – Munfordsville (population 1,500) – and grew up as a farm boy who aspired to more in life," Stanger said. "He was an Eagle Scout, entered the U.S. Army at 17 with his father's consent and became a certified auto diesel mechanic in the military. When he was discharged from the Army, he played minor league baseball in the United States and Mexico and eventually earned a college degree in accounting.
"He then began a career in health care and, when I met him for the first time, he was the most accomplished chief financial officer of a privately owned hospital in the country. That status was based on the 142-bed facility showing an $18-million bottom line."
Bryns was one of Stanger's clients when they decided to become business partners and form Frontier Hospitals.
"He had an idea to help small, rural hospitals that were struggling financially turn around, start making money and saving health care for their communities," Stanger said. "It was a concept I believed in and that marked the start of a journey to where we are today."
Stanger's mother, Karen (Ray) Lewitsky, and stepfather, James P. Lewitsky, live in Monessen. His half-sisters, Serene Stanger, 19, and Tamyra Stanger, 25, live in Donora and Cleveland, respectively.
He and his wife, the former Carmen Medina of New York City and Puerto Rico, are the parents of a daughter, Alia Rayanna Stanger, 12, and a son, Humberoto Junior Rivera, 26. Alia's first name is a derivation of her late great-grandmother Valia Ray's given name.
"She's a bright and spirited young and girl who reminds me a lot of my grandmother," Stanger said of his daughter. "She has several Raggedy Ann and Andy dolls that a good friend of my grandmother made for her many years ago and they also offer good memories of home.
"Those were great times in my life, growing up in Monessen, and you never forget those moments or your hometown."
Ron Paglia is a freelance writer for Trib Total Media.


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A local liquor store advertises its phone number as 612-RAW-BEEF.
Of course, it just so happens to spell that, and they put it to use since it's easier to remember than 729-2333.
I confirmed that it was a happy accident with the guy behind the counter. He said yes and observed that it's just one digit off from RAW-BEER, which would've made a lot more sense…
I wondered, of course, what my number spelled. My internet instincts told me, "Surely, there's a website that will do that figuring for you."
And, yep, there is: Phone Spell
Mine doesn't, unfortunately, but yours might…. I'd ask you to share, but then you'd have to give your number, which might make you uncomfortable.
I'll let you make the call.


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Virtually all voting systems in use today (punch-cards, lever machines, hand counted paper ballots, etc.) are subject to fraud and error, including electronic voting systems, which are not without their own risks and vulnerabilities. In particular, many electronic voting systems have been evaluated by independent, generally-recognized experts and have been found to be poorly designed; developed using inferior software engineering processes; designed without (or with very limited) external audit capabilities; intended for operation without obvious protective measures; and deployed without rigorous, scientifically-designed testing.
protect the accuracy and impartiality of the electoral process, ACM makes the
following recommendations:
· All voting systems -- particularly computer-based electronic voting systems -- embody careful engineering, strong safeguards, and rigorous testing in both their design and operation; and,
· Voting systems should also enable each voter to inspect a physical (e.g., paper) record to verify that his or her vote has been accurately cast and to serve as an independent check on the result produced and stored by the system. Making those records permanent (i.e., not based solely in computer memory) provides a means by which an accurate recount may be conducted.
Ensuring the reliability, security, and verifiability of public elections is fundamental to a stable democracy. Convenience and speed of vote counting are no substitute for accuracy of results and trust in the process by the electorate.
(This policy statement was adopted by both USACM and ACM's Council; therefore, it is an adopted position of ACM. More on this statement and the poll ACM conducted of its Members can be found on the weblog.)


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Review by Matt620
"Ugly things are beautiful, and beautiful things are ugly..."
Horror. It's perhaps the most under-appreciated, and improperly used, genre. This isn't just in video games, but in general. It seems a director's principal idea of horror is limited to "jump" scenes involving a psychopath wielding a sharp object chasing the necking teens through the forest. It gets a rush for a brief second, before things start delving back into the teenage sex-romp or whatever the movie is supposed to be about. That's not what horror is supposed to be.
But then again, there are a few horror games. These tend to be psychological horrors, where the monster is created in the mind rather then some strange alien, that shows us, like the Twilight Zone did so long ago, that the real evil is humanity.
So, here comes Theresia, from WorkJam. As an avid fan of horror, and of the old style "escape" games, I figured it was worth a shot. What I saw was certainly an impressive piece, and deserves it's status as a gem, if not an overly shiny and well-polished one, in the sea of what passes for horror in these days.
Theresia is a point-and-click adventure game, divided into navigating corridors and looking into rooms and other important points. One navigates with either the D-pad or touching arrows on the touch screen, and interacts with the environment exclusively with the touch screen. The goal of the game revolves around the fetch-quest style of finding various items, such as keys or weapons, and using them to interact with the environment to open doors or claim new items, with the ultimate goal of escaping the maze-like building.
It's not an original concept by any stretch, but, unlike most other types of horror games, the real "horror" is quite passive. Aside from the player character, there is not a single living person in the entire game. Not a one. Instead of being chased by murderers or monsters, one finds themselves surrounded by traps. Razors, acid, arrows, shrapnel, it's one giant kill factory, and the player character will often find themselves triggering trap after trap, getting graphic descriptions of arrows hitting a vein, or the smell of burning flesh once they touch something poisonous. In fact, this blood is pretty much the game's principal animation, as a visual of what trap you've triggered followed by a blood spatter. One cannot simply trigger traps with impunity. The game provides you with a life bar, and triggers traps decreases this, and if it's out, you die. It is possible to restore your life via elixirs and test dangerous areas with planks of wood, which helps set the game apart from other adventure games. The game also provides a hint system in the form of an item that can be used, but this hint system isn't all inclusive, and there were a few times when I found myself completely stuck. It can be helpful for wondering whether or not there is still something interesting in the room, but it won't help you determine which area is a trap and which area contains the next item.
Graphically, the game does an competent job of painting a very somber picture. The game takes place almost completely underground, and the dark, sepia-toned hallways and rooms covered with smatterings of blood and corpses certainly tells us we're not in Happytown. The look might feel bleak and depressing, but that's what it's supposed to feel like. So, while the game's graphics are nothing impressive, they do what they are supposed to do with a high degree of success. But even the game's graphics has it's shining moments. During the game, the player is treated to a variety of impressive, anime-style drawings of different characters. Visually, these still pictures are quite appealing and certainly make good use of the DS's graphical capabilities.
The soundtrack, like pretty much all soundtracks in all games to date, has some great songs, but a few annoying ones. All of the tracks are instrumental, and a few of them really convey their meaning, especially the "garden" tune. It certainly invokes the feeling of peace. Some of the music does feel ominous of threatening as well, and it does it in a fair amount of competence. The main music of the game that happens while you're wandering down hallways is pretty annoying as it's heard so much, but that tends to be the case with all soundtrack music. This soundtrack is really the only sound in the game; there are only a few number of sound effects, usually when a trap is triggered, with the resultant scream of pain, or something is blown up or destroyed.
The story of the game is actually quite impressive. Theresia is a story divided into two arcs. The first, Dear Emile, takes the role of Leanne, a strange woman who finds herself in an old prison, and attracted to all the blood from the numerous dead corpses, and finds messages about a blood-soaked sociopathic woman named Emile. The second, playable after the first in completed, is Dear Martel, which takes the role of a young man who wakes up in a strange mansion, seeing messages about a beautiful woman named Martel. Both protagonists are stricken with amnesia, and awaken to find these areas deserted, covered in blood, corpses, and strange, bead-like, but harmless, red creatures. As the characters progress through, trying to escape their surroundings, they come face to face with their pasts, the truth of these strange women, and uncover the mystery behind the red beads. Although the stories are played separately, it's clear that, between the beads and a few characters mentioned in flashbacks, the stories are related. At the end of the game, one is left wondering a few things, but not in the fashion that the designers overlooked something, but it certainly gives one something to think about when the game has been completed.
There are only a few characters in the game, and the characterization of the characters is certainly detailed, but depraved. The protagonists of both stories definitely seem driven, and, despite all the pain and heartache they endure, they push on, despite being subjected to enough blood loss to cripple thirty people, to discover the truth about themselves. They also seem strangely enchanted by all the death and blood surrounding them, finding it almost soothing, and possibly even erotic. The supporting characters, seen only in flashbacks, often give necessary interaction to help flesh out these completely depraved individuals. We see lovers, best friends, priests, and even a few animals, that show us just how these two characters really behave. But ultimately, we see the traumatic and disturbed relationship between the two protagonists and the two strange women titled in the story arc.
This game is riddled with a few flaws. There's quite a number of grammatical and syntax errors, there's a real lack of animation, and it can be very repetitive. But despite this, the story is good, the characters are extremely unique and detailed, if more then a little insane, and the graphics are competent and definitely paint the appropriate setting. If you like adventure games, games rife with symbolism and character-based interaction, or you just get a secret thrill from hurting your player-controlled character, give Theresia a try. Despite a few flaws, it certainly follows the standard of making a good interactive novel.
Reviewer's Rating: 3.5 - Good
Originally Posted: 02/17/09
Game Release: Theresia (US, 10/30/08)
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Bootstrap prediction intervals for VaR and ES in the context of GARCH models
In this paper, we propose a new bootstrap procedure to obtain prediction intervals of future Value at Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES) in the context of univariate GARCH models. These intervals incorporate the parameter uncertainty associated with the estimation of the conditional variance of returns. Furthermore, they do not depend on any particular assumption on the error distribution. Alternative bootstrap intervals previously proposed in the literature incorporate the first but not the second source of uncertainty when computing the VaR and ES. We also consider an iterated smoothed bootstrap with better properties than traditional ones when computing prediction intervals for quantiles. However, this latter procedure depends on parameters that have to be arbitrarily chosen and is very complicated computationally. We analyze the finite sample performance of the proposed procedure and show that the coverage of our proposed procedure is closer to the nominal than that of the alternatives. All the results are illustrated by obtaining one-step-ahead prediction intervals of the VaR and ES of several real time series of financial returns.
If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view it first. In case of further problems read the IDEAS help page. Note that these files are not on the IDEAS site. Please be patient as the files may be large.
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|May 2010
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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Hang Chan, Ngai & Deng, Shi-Jie & Peng, Liang & Xia, Zhendong, 2007. "Interval estimation of value-at-risk based on GARCH models with heavy-tailed innovations," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 137(2), pages 556-576, April.
- Hansen, Bruce E, 1994.
"Autoregressive Conditional Density Estimation,"
International Economic Review,
Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 35(3), pages 705-730, August.
- Hansen, B.E., 1992. "Autoregressive Conditional Density Estimation," RCER Working Papers 322, University of Rochester - Center for Economic Research (RCER).
- Tom Doan, "undated". "RATS programs to replicate Hansen's GARCH models with time-varying t-densities," Statistical Software Components RTZ00086, Boston College Department of Economics.
- Jeremy Berkowitz & Lutz Kilian, 2000. "Recent developments in bootstrapping time series," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 1-48.
- Jeremy Berkowitz & Lutz Kilian, "undated". "Recent Developments in Bootstrapping Time Series," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 1996-45, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
- Jeremy Berkowitz & Lutz Kilian, 1996. "Recent developments in bootstrapping time series," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 96-45, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
- Peter Christoffersen & Sílvia Gonçalves, 2004. "Estimation Risk in Financial Risk Management," CIRANO Working Papers 2004s-15, CIRANO.
- Nelson, Daniel B, 1991. "Conditional Heteroskedasticity in Asset Returns: A New Approach," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 59(2), pages 347-370, March.
- Basak, Suleyman & Shapiro, Alexander, 2001. "Value-at-Risk-Based Risk Management: Optimal Policies and Asset Prices," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 14(2), pages 371-405.
- Suleyman Basak & Alex Shapiro, "undated". "Value-at-Risk Based Risk Management: Optimal Policies and Asset Prices," Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research Working Papers 6-99, Wharton School Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research.
- Suleyman Basak & Alexander Shapiro, 1999. "Value-at-Risk Based Risk Management: Optimal Policies and Asset Prices," New York University, Leonard N. Stern School Finance Department Working Paper Seires 99-032, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business-.
- Suleyman Basak & Alex Shapiro, "undated". "Value-at-Risk Based Risk Management: Optimal Policies and Asset Prices," Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research Working Papers 06-99, Wharton School Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research.
- Manfred Gilli & Evis këllezi, 2006. "An Application of Extreme Value Theory for Measuring Financial Risk," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 27(2), pages 207-228, May.
- Yamai, Yasuhiro & Yoshiba, Toshinao, 2005. "Value-at-risk versus expected shortfall: A practical perspective," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 997-1015, April.
- Carlo Acerbi & Dirk Tasche, 2001. "Expected Shortfall: a natural coherent alternative to Value at Risk," Papers cond-mat/0105191, arXiv.org.
- Pascual, Lorenzo & Romo, Juan & Ruiz, Esther, 2006. "Bootstrap prediction for returns and volatilities in GARCH models," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 50(9), pages 2293-2312, May.
- Carlo Acerbi & Dirk Tasche, 2002. "Expected Shortfall: A Natural Coherent Alternative to Value at Risk," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 31(2), pages 379-388, 07.
- Song Xi Chen, 2005. "Nonparametric Inference of Value-at-Risk for Dependent Financial Returns," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Society for Financial Econometrics, vol. 3(2), pages 227-255.
- Peter Hall & Qiwei Yao, 2003. "Data tilting for time series," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 65(2), pages 425-442.
- Bams, Dennis & Lehnert, Thorsten & Wolff, Christian C.P., 2005. "An evaluation framework for alternative VaR-models," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(6), pages 944-958, October.
- Bams, Dennis & Lehnert, Thorsten & Wolff, Christian C, 2002. "An Evaluation Framework for Alternative VaR Models," CEPR Discussion Papers 3403, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Hartz, Christoph & Mittnik, Stefan & Paolella, Marc, 2006. "Accurate value-at-risk forecasting based on the normal-GARCH model," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 2295-2312, December. Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)
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Then this happened:
I heard Cruuuuuuuuuuuuunch! and thought, "Crap, I hit a shopping cart" but then realized I wasn't moving and turned to find a telephone pole had worked its way right up close to my dash board. I limped the truck back off it and into a parking spot and got out to check things out. I took a couple pictures and sent one off to Effbook because hey, own it, I say.
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So that happened.


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I was sitting around with Kevin Brittingham and Reed Knight talking about gun stuff and one of the things they agreed on was a mutual annoyance at how people don't use the right word to describe the thing on the end of their muzzle. Heck, even some gun guys don't really know the difference. So, at their request, I figured I would write a quick article trying to explain the difference between the three main muzzle devices in use today . . .
Flash Hider
When you buy an AR-15, or any modern rifle with a threaded barrel, the default muzzle device is a flash hider. It's the standard issue muzzle device for the M16 and M4 rifles in the U.S. military, and since the current service rifle is the model for civilian firearms that's what the gun companies use by default as well.
The idea behind a flash hider is pretty simple to understand. When a gun fires, especially a gun like the AR-15, most of the powder is burned inside the barrel and used to propel the projectile downrange. However, snce the 5.56 NATO cartridge was designed to completely burn in a 20 inch barrel, there's 4 missing inches that leads to some unburnt powder being left over after the projectile is long gone. That unburnt powder combusts as soon as it clears the end of the barrel, resulting in a large fireball that is very visible — especially on the battlefield. Even for civilian shooters, that fireball has a tendency to obscure the sights and make follow-up shots hard to make.
A flash hider works by efficiently mixing the air and the unburnt powder at the end of the muzzle in such a way that there is no flash. To understand exactly how it does that requires a mixture of fluid dynamics and chemistry, a background that I lack. But you can see that it works by comparing a gun with a flash hider with one that only has a bare muzzle.
There are different kinds of flash hiders, and the most efficient are the three pronged variety. Whether manufactured by Knights Armament or Vortex or AAC, they all efficiently make that flash disappear. The birdcage flash hider that is used on most AR-15 rifles is also pretty efficient, but the real reason why it's used is that it's a combination flash hider and compensator.
A compensator or "comp" is a muzzle device designed to counter the vertical movement of the barrel. The body mechanics involved in firing a gun means that there's a good bit of "muzzle flip" when the gun goes off, an effect where the recoil of the gun is translated into the muzzle climbing vertically. In order to counter that effect, a compensator vents some of the gasses from the barrel vertically. As we remember from physics every action has an equal but opposite reaction, so the gasses have the effect of forcing that muzzle back down on target.
The A2 birdcage flash hider (on the M16 / AR-15 rifle) has cuts on the top of the device that vent the gas and look like a bird cage, but the bottom of the device is solid. Not only does this keep the muzzle blast from kicking up much dust, but also provides a surface against which the gasses can push to force the muzzle back down.
Compensators and flash hiders are great, but they don't do a damn thing to mitigate the felt recoil of the firearm. Something hard hitting like a .50 BMG rifle has a ton of recoil that, if not properly mitigated, can do some serious damage to your body. That's where the brake comes into play.
Muzzle Brake
A brake is designed to take some of the kick out of the gun. As the bullet leaves the muzzle of the gun, the expanding gasses that follow quickly start escaping along the path of least resistance — which usually means slightly to the side and around the bullet. With a muzzle brake, those gasses first hit a solid metal wall before being vented out the sides. Once again the wonders of physics take over, and the pushing forward on that metal wall move the gun forward and counteract some of the rearward force of the gun.
While a brake can vent those gasses in any direction, most brakes vent the gasses straight to either side of the barrel and not vertically into the line of sight of the shooter. It also creates a pressure wave that moves horizontally along the firing line, often annoying those to the side of the shooter.
Another increasingly popular form of muzzle brake is the silencer. The baffles in the can that slow the gasses and turn that loud "BANG" into a more squishy noise also act like a massive muzzle brake and greatly reduce the recoil of the gun. That's one of the reasons that a Neilsen device is required on a handgun silencer, a spring or piston that allows the barrel to recoil enough to kick the slide back and cycle the action as the silencer itself is being moved forward by the gasses.
Combination Devices
Naturally, the ideal muzzle device combines one or more of the features of the devices above. That's why combination devices, like the A2 flash hider, are extremely popular. The most common muzzle device for competition shooters is the compensating muzzle brake, which reduces vertical muzzle climb and felt recoil without caring about the visibility of the firearm. As a result, some fantastic muzzle flashes can be seen in the chambers of the device as the gun goes off.
The ideal muzzle device, by any account, is a silencer. It reduces all of the above (well, after the first shot for muzzle flash) and does it extremely efficiently. That's one of the reasons that muzzle devices come under heavy scrutiny in competition shooting since a bigger muzzle device can give a shooter an unfair advantage.
Personally, if I can't have a silencer, I prefer a straight muzzle brake. Vertical climb is something I can handle with sufficient training, but any little bit of help I can get in the recoil department is always appreciated.
[Email your firearms-related questions to "Ask Foghorn" via email@example.com. Click here to browse previous posts]
34 Responses to Ask Foghorn: What's The Difference Between a Muzzle Brake, a Compensator and a Flash Hider?
A flash suppressor hides the flash of your gun.
A compensator blinds you temporarily if you have to shoot in the dark.
A brake makes your gun noisy and unpleasant to shoot while irritating and making life unpleasant for the people that are to either side of you in a gun range.
So … dumb question … What makes a really really good multifunction muzzle end device a silencer according to the rules?
As in, what happens if you start out intending to design the ideal muzzle brake and wind up with something that also reduces the noise as a side-effect?
Or perhaps to put it another way, is it intent or functionality that makes something a silencer? If the latter, what are the thresholds for when something requires a tax stamp etc?
18 U.S.C. § 921(a)(24):
The terms "firearm silencer" and "firearm muffler" mean any device for silencing, muffling, or diminishing the report of a portable firearm, including any combination of parts, designed or redesigned, and intended for use in assembling or fabricating a firearm silencer or firearm muffler, and any part intended only for use in such assembly or fabrication.
The first part refers to effect, not intent, so I'd say your accidental suppressor is restricted. It doesn't list a minimum required noise reduction, so with any reduction, you'd be taking a risk.
Also, the weight these devices (can) help control recoil & muzzle-flip. Sometimes just a longer barrel will accomplish recoil/muzzle-flip reduction as well as flash reduction . . . plus you get the added benefit of range and accuracy 🙂
Also, here:
"Compensators and muzzle brakes are great, but they don't do a damn thing to mitigate the felt recoil of the firearm."
"That's where the brake comes into play."
Maybe you meant flash hider?
plus you get the added benefit of range and accuracy
That's a common misconception, but barrel length does not always increase accuracy. A longer barrel will have more whip, reducing accuracy. But it will (usually) have a higher velocity, offsetting this decrease somewhat (but not entirely). Many precision rifle builders are producing rifles in the 20″ range. My precision .308 has a 20″ Krieger bull barrel, and it groups like a laser.
Longer barrels general make the bullets fly faster but not always. Sometimes they can actually slow it down. I know that it is almost common knowledge that when handgun makers put out a slightly smaller version of a full size pistol that the smaller version will often have better accuracy than the full sized version – within a certain range.
My point is – going w/ a longer barrel (instead of a flash hider or muzzle/comp) is sometimes a viable option that (can) have added benefits.
There's a limit to everything. A longer barrel does not always increase velocity. If you make the barrel 100 yards long, I'm guessing the bullet will barely come out the other end.
I'd expect that with a chrome lined barrel, the longer the barrel, the greater the opportunity for imperfections in the chroming process to creep in, negatively impacting accuracy.
That said, just about all of the factors discussed so far here either can be overcome by proper training, or will be overwhelmed by the effect of poor marksmanship to the point of being immaterial, anyway.
The whip effect is based on barrel harmonics. A longer barrel will flex back and forth more easily. High speed footage of barrels while firing shows that the barrel can be slightly off center when the bullet comes out of the end.
For a run-and-gun carbine or hunting rifle, it's not going to matter. But for a precision rifle, where 0.1″ makes the difference between first and last place, it matters.
A longer barrel will typically do better at getting better powder burn and give you higher velocities. These higher velocities give you more time spent in supersonic flight thus no destabilization due to falling back below sonic speed before the target. A longer barrel also gives you a better sight radius for iron sight shooters. Barrel whip is almost imperceptible especially with the last device that was not mentioned in this article which is a barrel tuner. The use of a tuner can take out the "barrel whip" effect. There is more impact from a properly bedded barrel than one has to worry about barrel whip. You will get less performance at long ranges (600 to 1000 meters) or even short ranges (100 to 200 meters) if your barrel is 4-5 inches too short for the powder/bullet combo you are trying to project. If you are shooting for 1/4 MOA or less, you watch all the factors you can.
I was going to bring up the same thing, David
The Difference Between a Muzzle Brake, a Compensator and a Flash Hider is the difference between a legal firearm and really dangerous super nuclear tipped automatic child vaporizer with collapsible stock. And don't ask me why, I just do what the rulers tell me to do.
You need to run for CA Legislature. You'd be a shoo-in.
Doc, scroll up for the 'you may also like' posts. Click the first one. Best muzzle brakes/compensators…
Mr. Leghorn is spot on with the examples.
Trial and error are the best teachers for your specific gun/needs/caliber.
Check out the competition shooters and their equipment. Especially folks who shoot 'unlimited' class.
There is some neat stuff out there.
I personally like the PRI MSTN QC brake for 5.56. It's extremely effective. It's 75-80 bucks most places.
I want a muzzleflashenbrakensator personally. Just can't find the darn thang.
The BATF regulation is written in a practical manner, but I wonder if it would be susceptible to attack as 'overly vague.'
First, it refers to "report" but doesn't say where that is measured.
A muzzle brake reduces the report as measured in front of the gun, by redirecting the blast backward.
While a Lavang directs blast down range, reducing the report at the shooter's ear.
Presumably, they mean total "report". But if a SBR has a loud report because of more unburned powder exiting the muzzle then wouldn't a 20″ barrel, which recaptures that kinetic energy as additional FPS then be a silencer?
And if you want to be even more picayune, aren't all muzzle brakes and compensators really just imperceptible silencers? Since they convert some of the kinetic energy of the blast, which would otherwise cause a sound wave, into mechanical energy to resist recoil and muzzle flip?
An enterprising 2A lawyer might be able to wage a two pronged attack on this regulation, first by arguing that it is over vague, then making a workplace safety claim for hearing loss.
I would consider it a win if you could get BATF to establish a minimum noise level for firearms, pegged to a safe level, say the 119db of an ambulance siren, then legalize any silencer that didn't make your gun noticeably quieter.
Even high quality hearing protection will only cut 30db off, that drops most loads to the 120s which can cause damage with repeated exposure.
@Dr. Duh, Don't give the BATF any more ideas. They may come up with a rule that makes all guns illegal for being too loud, even with a silencer.
Now how about stressing that it's a muzzle BRAKE, not a muzzle BREAK. That drives me nuts. Like using "breach" instead of "breech."
Words words words. You call it what you want.
The military has been calling it a flash suppressor for more than fifty years now. I don't think "flash hider" has as good a pedigree. And now some people are calling silencers "suppressors," further confusing the issue.
I think it's better to discuss the behavior than to pretend that certain words apply universally. And anyone claiming that their words are the final word lacks credibility.
Let's not forget those breachers!
"Compensators and muzzle brakes are great, but they don't do a damn thing to mitigate the felt recoil of the firearm."
Should it not say "Compensators and FLASH HIDERS……….
Great article by the way.
Thanks! Very well done and helpful article.
Range and accuracy will also vary between different types ammo so its best to test your rifle or handgun with different kinds of ammo and find which get you the best results.
Ah'm a-skeered to shoot ma gun in the living room, less'n the guvamint confiscate my house as a silencer . . .
At some point, I think we all need to tell the "authorities" to butt out of things to which they have not been constitutionally franchised to attend. After all, the silencer was really banned not because of its use by criminals, but because landowners were afraid during the starving days of the depression that it would facilitate poaching – when harvesting game was an important source of nutrition.
The fact that the above posts almost immediately drift from the issue of the physics of the interaction of post-combustion gas on visibility and transferred energy into whether or not you can get arrested for a secondary consequence of the design shows just how wary we have been trained to be of the government – when it is the government that should be wary of citizen retaliation when it oversteps its authority. A sad commentary.
This discussion and analytical attempt to refine terminology is a good example of the kind of precise thinking that helps us in thinking through the dynamics of the shooting process. I think what most shooters would prefer is well-embodied in a Mag-na-port; directing unburned powder and excess gases both up and away, through ports in the barrel oriented about 45 degrees up from horizontal. That puts flash and gas energy upwards and outwards, minimizing flash obscurity on the line of sight, deflecting muzzle rise, and not pissing off the guy next to you on the firing line. It also somewhat reduces rearward-directed, gas-jet recoil.
It may be that a hybrid device – God only knows what it would be called – that provided for encapsulation of ejected unburned powder until combustion completed, while directing the gas energy both up and to the side, would cover the principal objective, which is to make the gun more controllable in firing – both dynamically and functionally. It may also incidentally be that such a device would partially reduce the on- or off-axis noise level of firing. But if that is not the primary purpose of the device, then it should be defensible in both principle and practice from government overreach.
I have heard it said that in Europe, NOT using a silencer when shooting or hunting is considered impolite, owing to the disturbance caused by the noise. Of course, the spaces there are not generally as wide open as here in North America. Interesting point of view, nonetheless, and a more mature attitude in regard to this one singular aspect of shooting. Not to say that some of them aren't a little nuts when it comes to gun ownership . . .
Could I impose upon you fine gentlemen to bestow upon me your infinite wisdom regarding the effects a 5.5 inch muzzle brake may, or may not have, on the ballistics of a bullet out of a 10.5 inch barrel? Can it affect performance of the weapon? Weapon in question is a SR556 that I occasionally run a custom 7.62×39 upper on that is purpose built around the 10.5 inch barrel.
All feedback/advice appreciated.
Actually, the first pic is a flash suppressor, not a flash hider. Flash hider's are the snow-cone shaped dohickies made for M2 carbines & M2 machine guns.
Not to nitpick, but I do hate the perpetuation of myths and pseudoscience. This is just in regard to the way that muzzle flash and flash hiders actually work.
The myth is that remaining powder that has not ignited inside the barrel is blown out and ignites once it exits the muzzle. This actually is not logical at all. If it hasn't ignited due to the 3,000 degree temperatures and 30,000psi or more inside the barrel, it won't ignite once it is being rapidly cooled and depressurized once it has exited. No. What causes muzzle flash are the gases produced by the deflagration of the powder inside the barrel. In the barrel, there is very little to no atmospheric oxygen and so those gases cannot ignite. On exiting the barrel however, they mix with the atmospheric oxygen and are ignited by a combination of the shockwave (producing high pressure, and therefore, high temperature) and any residual sparks. This is why you see the flame appear several centimeters or inches out in front of the muzzle. this has been studied extensively by the U.S. Army in the 40's and 50's and there is paper describing it. Their solution to reduce flash with regard to artillery and big guns is to incorporate a flash suppressant (usually a salt of some description) in front of the powder or built into it. This insulates the gases from the oxygen and neutralizes some of them on exiting the muzzle, allowing them to cool and disperse without igniting. Powder usually burns completely within the first 1-6 inches of barrel, depending on burn rate. This is why, the shorter a barrel gets, the more flash you see. The remaining gas pressure diminishes the longer the barrel is and the more dispersed the gases are within it. therefore, less pressure = less shockwave pressure, less heat, less gas, therefore, less flash. If you shorten the barrel, the muzzle pressure goes up and the gases are more dense, giving more flash. If you want to see powder still burning as it exits the barrel, all you need to do is shoot a black powder pistol with a big charge of real black powder.
As to flash supressors, the reason they are a "cage" shape has everything to do with breaking up the supersonice shockwave and disrupting oxygen flow to the muzzle, giving time for the gases to cool. Muzzle brakes and compensators also reduce flash due to this property.
So perhaps this question could justify a "part 2" to this exceptional article: how do blast shields factor into this? I'm no physics major, but if a blast shield is put over a muzzle brake, does it cancel out the recoil reduction? Also, what about linear compensators, which appear to be a combination of the two? Can they honestly claim to offer recoil reduction?
Maybe I missed it but is there a flash hider / brake / compensator all in one device? And if so, is it effective enough to cover each need?
Ok, the main purpose for me to get an AR 15 is going to the shooting range ,so please what is your recommendation in order not to bother other shutters with a noisy rifle ,and at the same time reduced the movement ?
Do you know if anyone makes a device that covers the barrel but also serves as a recoil reducer or flash hider? Fairly new and I am looking for a combo for an AR10.
Excellent Article. I'm a novice, more concerned with the legislative aspects of weapons. Very well written, succinct explanation of an often confusing topic. I'm saving this site as a go to source of information. Thank You. joegv.


text:
A prank involving the act of taking apart something large and putting it back together in an indoor environment, like someone's living room. The object is too big to fit through a door to the outside when completed. Mostly done with some kind of vehicle.
My friend's mother complained that the ATV project was to big for her yard. So we Tijuana Transferred it into her living room, while she was on a business trip.
by Kamarov1911 December 22, 2012
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