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Understanding the Cell Microprocessorby Anand Lal Shimpi on 3/17/2005 12:05 AM EST
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PhilAnd - Wednesday, October 05, 2005 - linkThank you SO MUCH!!! I've been looking for an explanation of the cell forever and this did it perfictly!! THANK YOU!!! YOU ARE GOD!!! Reply
philpoe - Sunday, July 31, 2005 - linkUnder the high-level overview of the cell section, the PPE has 64KB L1 and 512KB L2 cache.
On the other hand, under the on-die memory controller section, we see that the XDR memory gives bandwidth of 25.6GB/sec, and the integrated memory controller "significantly reduces memory latencies".
My question then is, what good is the L1 and L2 cache doing? Given the amount of real estate those transistors take up, isn't it more economical to use the system RAM exclusively? The L2 cache takes up about the same amount of space as an SPE, not that it would help but so much to put another one on the die, but what effect on performance would getting rid of the L2 or even L1 cache have on memory with such high bandwidth?
tipoo - Wednesday, December 02, 2015 - linkL1 and L2 latency isn't even approached by the fastest system RAM latencies, XDR included. Nanoseconds vs milliseconds. Reply
jiulemoigt - Saturday, March 26, 2005 - linkOh #59 it's funnier than that the PPE does all the work the modern CPU does with logic, and the easy stuff is done by the extra procs... but that means the messy {think calc equations} can not be done by the extra proc so if your game requires more abstract equations vs simple math {the math understadning simple math} say AI vs drawing boxes adn cubes, your machine will be dependant of the smaller proc, and the pipeline length is a game of balence prediction vs speed meaning that if you can predict a full pipeline it is much faster if the pipe is longer the vs you miss with the prediction at some point in the pipe and everthing after that point is lost so the longer the pipe is after the miss is a loss. So a shorter pipe is not nessacry better as there are tasks the P4 excells at because it has the huge pipe and the longer the pipe the high you can scale the proc speed, which is why intel chose such a huge pipe knowing the misses would hurt but at the time people still wanted every mhz possible. AMD has a 14 stage pipe because they use decent prediction but better register use, as well as fast pathing, but the biggest reason x86 is fast is because as long as it works theres reams of code out there to reach the sun a new system will require human hours to clean up so that is can take all the short cuts that x86 already does. So if the dev's are laughing now it is becasue the know it going to be very unfriendly to code for and are frustrated that the hardware which has years of effort going into it's design is not being designed to be easier to code for and to do the hardwork for us instead of the doing all the easy work faster which doesn't help us and making the hardwork harder! and in some cases run slower because it was cheaper. I understand how much money M$ lost, which was passed on to nvidia, so for them they won't get away with that this time so they will have to make it cheaper this time around. Reply
AndyKH - Thursday, March 24, 2005 - link#55
Regarding the interview from GameSpot:
He (the guy who is very upset with having to program for in-order cores) states that code will run very crappy on these new cores. Well... I don't know exactly how many pipeline stages the new cores have, but they will without a doubt have a LOT less stages than modern out-of-order core. If you also spend a great amount of design effort to make sure the branch target is calculated very early in the pipeline and couple that with a high clock frequency, you might not even need to fetch your bag of kleenexes to dry your eyes.
Of course, I don't know how long the pipeline in a Cell PPE or in the Xenon's cores is, but everything points to a very short one. Also I don't know how early the branch target is calculated, but I bet it's pretty early.
As an end remark I might add that "computer engineers are not stupid people". In the interview, the guy make it sound like it will be impossible to run gameplay code on the new console CPUs..... I personally don't think that IBM and Sonys engineers will design a CPU with such a little amount of care.
Andreas Reply
TheGee - Monday, March 21, 2005 - linkTransputer anyone? The computer on a chip that could be massively parralleled? Difficult to program but this cell is not such a great leap in ideas but with the corporate weight may succeed where others have failed and break the x86 limitations put on PCs. If the busses are big enough it would be nice to be able to plug in extra CPUs on a card or such like to upgrade or speed up a system without to much difficulty as long as the software is not CPU limited. But as before it's best not to hold your breath! Reply
Slaimus - Sunday, March 20, 2005 - linkPS1 was easy to program, so that took off. Sony made PS2 very hard to program if you want to use its vector units efficiently, but since the game developers are already on board, they had to live with it. And sony will dump the same heap onto developers again with the PS3.
With this kind of complexity, I have a feeling that middleware companies will thrive. Game developers want to create content more than write assembly code, so a few middleware companies will probably supply the libraries while everyone else licenses them. Of course Microsoft has a head start since DirectX already exists and is included in the devkit, but then again, the xbox2 is not as massively parallel. Reply
stephenbrooks - Sunday, March 20, 2005 - linkAh sod multiple cores. I always preferred playing Tetris anyhow. Reply
knitecrow - Friday, March 18, 2005 - linkGAME DEVELOPER @ GDC RANT ON NEXT GEN CONSOLES
All right, here we go. "How Sony and Microsoft are about to screw your game design." These are games in the good old days. We didn't exactly have the best physique, but we were at least a balanced individual, you walk out on the beach, and you were like, you know, pathetic. But you know, you looked like a normal person. These are games today. We've been working really hard--I mean, you can maybe make the argument that this is the game--these are games today. I gotta little more work on that left arm to do, it's going to be as big as our graphics arm soon. This is kind of lame. We really want to be this guy don't we?
Unknown Speaker: No!
Chris Hecker: OK, he was the best guy I could find in like, three seconds in the WiFi network out in the lobby. All right. But how do we get there? Well, I'm going to take a little diversion here. I'm a programmer, so, I have two technical slides, really one technical slide. And that's about it. All right, ready? So there are two kinds of code in a game basically. There's gameplay code and engine code. Engine code, like graphics and physics, takes really giant data structures of homogenous data. I mean, it's all the same, like a lot of vertices are all a big matrix, or whatever, but usually floating point data structures these days. And you have a single small, relatively small hour that grinds away on that. This code is like, wow, it has a lot of math in it, it has to be optimized for super scalar, blah, blah, blah. It's just not actually that hard to write, right? It's pretty well defined what this code does.
The second kind of code we have is AI and gameplay code. Lots of little exceptions. Even if you're doing a simulation-y kind of game, there's tons of tunable parameters, [it's got a lot of interactions], it's a mess. I mean, this code--you look at the gameplay code in the game, and it's crap. Compared to like, my elegant physics simulator or whatever. But this is a code that actually makes the game feel different. This is the kind of code we want to be easy to write and so we can do more experimental stuff. Here is the terrifying realization about the next generation of consoles. I'm about to break about a zillion NDAs, but I didn't sign any NDAs so that's totally cool!
I'm actually a pretty good programmer and mathematician but my real talent is getting people to tell me stuff that they're not supposed to tell me. There we go. Gameplay code will get slower and harder to write on the next generation of consoles. Why is this? Here's our technical slide. Modern CPUs, like the Intel Pentium 4, blah, blah, blah, Pentium [indiscernible] or laptop, whatever is in your desktop, and all the modern power PCs, use what's called 'out of order' execution. Basically, out of order execution is there to make really crappy code run fast.
So, they basically--when out of order execution came out on the P6, the Pentium 6 [indiscernible] the Pentium 5, the original Pentium and the one after that. The Pentium Pro I think they called it, it basically annoyed a whole bunch of low level ASCII coders, because now all of a sudden, like, the crappiest-ass C code, that like, Joe junior programmer could write, is running as fast as their Assembly, and there's nothing they can do about it. Because the CPU behind their back, is like, reordering that guy's crappy ass C code, to run really well and utilize all the parts of the processor. While this annoyed a whole bunch of people in Scandinavia, it actually…
And this is a great change in the bad old days of 'in order execution,' where you had to be an Assembly language wizard to actually get your CPU to do anything. You were always stalling in the cache, you needed to like--it was crazy. It was a lot of fun to write that code. It wasn't exactly the most productive way of doing experimental programming.
The Xenon and the cell are both in order chips. What does this mean? The reason they did this, is it's cheaper for them to do this. They can drop a lot of core--you know--one out of order core is about the size of three to four in order cores. So, they can make a lot of in order cores and drop them on a chip, and keep the power down, and sell it for cheap--what does this do to our code?
Well, it makes--it's totally fine for grinding like, symmetric algorithms out of floating point numbers, but for lots of 'if' statements in directions, it totally sucks. How do we quantify 'totally sucks?' "Rumors" which happen to be from people who are actually working on these chips, is that straight line gameplay code runs at 1/3 to 1/10 the speed at the same clock rate on an in order core as an out of order core.
This means that your new fancy 2 plus gigahertz CPU, and its Xenon, is going to run code as slow or slower than the 733 megahertz CPU in the Xbox 1. The PS3 will be even worse.
This sucks!
There's absolutely nothing you can do about this. Well, you can actually hope that Nintendo uses an out of order core, because they're claiming that they're going to try and make it easy to develop for--except for Nintendo basically totally flailed this generation. So maybe they'll do something next generation. Who knows? You can think about having batchable design simulation-y systems, but like, I'm a huge proponent of simulation in gameplay, but even simulation in gameplay takes kind of messy systems under the hood. And this makes your gameplay harder to write.
You want to just write the gameplay. You don't want to have to like, spend 6 years of a super hardcore engine programmer's time to figure out how to make your gameplay run super scalars. You could do PC games. They are still out of order cores, but a lot of people don't think that's an option nowadays. Reply
tipoo - Thursday, December 03, 2015 - linkIt's funny looking back, he wanted them to change the CPU from the Gamecube for the next generation...They ended up using an upclocked Gamecube CPU for the Wii, and a modified tri core version of it for the Wii U. Reply
Houdani - Friday, March 18, 2005 - linkI think I missed something fundamental.
Can the SPEs be addressed directly by software, or do they have to be fed all of their instructions by the PPE?
If they DO have to be fed be the PPE, I fail to see how the PPE can possibly feed them enough to keep them all working concurrently.
Someone throw me a bone here. Reply
suryad - Friday, March 18, 2005 - linkI thought the G5 was a POWER5 proc. But I could of course be wrong. All I can say is the Cell definitely intriguing as it may be will have a rough road ahead of it and I am quite surprised that these large corporations invested so much in it, cutting edge though it might be. And as for the current forseeable future, I think when multi-core FX processors from AMD comes out, I do not believe there will be anything more devastating than that. Especially once they hit the 3 Ghz barrier with multi-cores enabled and faster DDR2-3 or even RAMBUS memory capabilities. Reply
tipoo - Thursday, December 03, 2015 - linkNo, G5 was 970 based. Reply
Questar - Friday, March 18, 2005 - link#50,
Yes the G5 is a POWER4 derivitive.
Since you were wrong on that, don't think that you know what is significant about the design of POWER5. There were major architechture changes made to the processor. Reply
fitten - Friday, March 18, 2005 - linkThe only things new about Cell is its target market and being a single chip. The article mentions the TI DSP chip, but there were other similar architectures as well. One example that I'm familiar with is the MAP1310 board by CSPI. Back then, processes weren't good enough to put all the cores on a single chip but the basic architecture is the same - a PPC core to do the 'normal' stuff and two quad-core DSPs (SHARC) to do the 'work'. This board wasn't successful because it was considered too hard to program to get the performance it promised.... and this opinion is from people who live/breathe real-time systems and multiprocessing codes.
The only thing new about Cell is that a) it's all on one chip now and b) the target market is a general marketplace and not a niche. Reply
scrotemaninov - Friday, March 18, 2005 - link#48. OK, I was under the impression that the G5 was based on the POWER5. You're saying it's based on the POWER4 instead?
And the POWER4 and POWER5 aren't really "completely different chips" in the same way that the P4 and P3 are different chips, or in the way that the P4 and the Opteron are different chips. I can give you a list of the differences if you want. Start at http://www.elet.polimi.it/upload/sami/architetture...
The POWER5 is designed to not only be completely compatible with the POWER4 but to also to support all the optimisations from the POWER4. The only things of significance they've done is a) move the L3 cache controller on chip; b) change the various branch predictors to bimodal instead of 1-bit; c) increase the associativity and size of the caches.
Anyway, this is going off topic now... Reply
Jacmert - Friday, March 18, 2005 - linkRofl. Computer engineering and VLSI design. Gotta love those NMOS/PMOS transistor circuits.
I never thought that I'd see stuff from my textbook explained on anandtech.com Reply
saratoga - Friday, March 18, 2005 - link"#38. You're right that the G5 is a derivative of the POWER5. The POWER5 is dual core, each core with 2way SMT giving a total of 4 'visible' cpus to the OS. The G5 is simply a single core version of the same thing."
Err no its not. POWER4 != POWER5. Hence the different names ;)
They're completely different chips.
"Well scrotemaninov I am not disputing that the POWER architecture by IBM is brilliantly done. IBM is definitely one of those companies churning out brilliant and elegant technology always in the background.
But my problem with the POWER technology is from what I understand very limitedly, is that the POWER processors in the Mac machines are a derivative of that architecture right? Why the heck are they so damn slow then?
I mean you can buy an AMD FX 55 based on the crappy legacy x86 arch and it smokes the dual 2.5 GHz Macs easily!! Is it cause of the OS? Because so far from what I have seen, if the Macs are any indication of the performance capabilities of the POWER architecture, the Cell will not be a big hit.
I did read though at www.aceshardware.com benchmark reviews of the POWER5 architecture with some insane number of cores if I recall correctly and the benchmarks were of the charts. They are definitely not what the Macs have installed in them..."
There are slow memeory systems and then theres the one used on the G5. I've heard that you can put 8 Opterons together and still get average access times across all 8 cores that are better then a single G5. Thats probably a good part of the reason the G5 was so much slower then many people thought it would be. The rest is mainly IBM's trouble making them, and their inability to ramp clock speed like they planned on. Reply
scrotemaninov - Friday, March 18, 2005 - link#38. You're right that the G5 is a derivative of the POWER5. The POWER5 is dual core, each core with 2way SMT giving a total of 4 'visible' cpus to the OS. The G5 is simply a single core version of the same thing.
As for the performance, Opteron is pretty much unbeatable for integer-bound applications. Itanium2 is unbeatable for FP applications. POWER5 is somewhere in the middle.
Most desktop applications are going to be integer bound. So it's not at all surprising that you find the G5 'slow' in that respect in comparison to the FX55. Plus, and this is the whole problem with the CELL, there's no point putting dual CPUs in there unless you can utilise them properly. If you have one process going flat out trying to run a heavy application and it's single threaded then you're only using about 1/4 of the CPUs you've bought for that application (for a dual G5 2.5), whereas the Opterons and FX55 stuff is more designed around quick, single threaded applications. Reply
dmens - Friday, March 18, 2005 - linkpsuedo-pmos wtf? That's domino logic, it's been around forever, and it's definitely not efficient in terms of power. Oh, and it takes forever to verify timing. Reply
Poser - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkThere were moments while reading this article that I expected there to be a "Test Yourself" quiz at the end of the chapter ... er, article. Which isn't to say that articles like this are too textbookish, it's to say that they're wonderfully educational. And very, very cool for being so.
I'm half joking when I say this (but only half) -- a real "test" at the end of the article would be fun. I could see if I really understood what I read, and even get to compare my score to the rest of the, uhm, class. Reply
drinkmorejava - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkvery nice, how long did it take to write that thing? Reply
Eug - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link#42,
That's an interesting page, cuz everyone on OS X already knows that Word is slow on the Mac. It brings us back to the original statement that some ported software may be problematic performance-wise.
And the generic comment on the Mac side about Premiere is, well... use Final Cut Pro. :) Here is a test that seems a bit more useful, since it tests Cinema4D and After Effects, two apps that people use on the Mac and both of which are reasonably well optimized:
That's a good point about the memory scaling though. The IMC with AMD's chips is a definite advantage. I'm sure the G5 970MP dual-core won't get an IMC either.
Anyways, as far as this article is concerned, the G5 is kinda irrelevant. The interesting part for Apple in Cell is the PPE unit. It's also interesting that Anand says the original SPE was supposed to be VMX/Altivec. But the current SPE is not Altivec so it's less applicable for Apple, at least in the near term.
It would be interesting to know how fast a dual-core 3 GHz PPE would be in general laptop-type code, and how much power it would put out. Reply
MDme - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link#39, 40, 41
remember that the athlon 64 chips scale better at higher clock speeds due to the mem controller scaling as well.
Eug - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkWell, one example is Cinebench 2003:
The dual G5 2.0 GHz is about the same speed as a dual 0pteron 246 2.0 GHz, with a score at around 500ish.
BTW, a dual G5 2.5 GHz scores 633. Reply
suryad - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkHmm that is interesting what you say Eug. I see your point do you have any links on straight comparos between an FX and a top of the line Mac? Or from personal experience folding and such... Reply
Eug - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link#38. It's a mistake to say an AMD FX 55 smokes a dual G5 2.5. For instance, if you like scientific dual-threaded stuff, the G5 does very well. However, the AMD FX 55 IS faster than a single G5 2.5. It's got a slight edge clock-for-clock, and it's clocked slightly higher too.
The real problem is when you have stuff built for x86 ported over to PPC. It just isn't great on the Mac side performance-wise in that situation. And Macs aren't tweaked for gaming either. The AMD is going to smoke the Mac in Doom 3 of course.
I think with the performance advantage of the Opteron, I'd put a single G5 2.5 in the range of performance of a single Opteron 2.2-2.4 GHz, depending on the app. The real interesting part though will be the coming quarter, when the new G5s are released. They should get a significant clock speed bump (20%?) and information on dual-core G5s are already out there (like with AMD and their dual-core Athlons). They also get a cache boost. Right now they only have 512 KB, but are expected to get 1 MB L2. Reply
suryad - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkWell scrotemaninov I am not disputing that the POWER architecture by IBM is brilliantly done. IBM is definitely one of those companies churning out brilliant and elegant technology always in the background.
But my problem with the POWER technology is from what I understand very limitedly, is that the POWER processors in the Mac machines are a derivative of that architecture right? Why the heck are they so damn slow then?
I mean you can buy an AMD FX 55 based on the crappy legacy x86 arch and it smokes the dual 2.5 GHz Macs easily!! Is it cause of the OS? Because so far from what I have seen, if the Macs are any indication of the performance capabilities of the POWER architecture, the Cell will not be a big hit.
I did read though at www.aceshardware.com benchmark reviews of the POWER5 architecture with some insane number of cores if I recall correctly and the benchmarks were of the charts. They are definitely not what the Macs have installed in them... Reply
scrotemaninov - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link#35: different approaches to solving the same problem.
Intel came up with x86 a long time ago and it's complete rubbish but they maintain it for backwards compatibility (here's an argument for Open Source Software if ever there was one...). They have huge amounts of logic to effectively translate x86 into RISC instructions - look at the L1I Trace Cache in the P4 for example.
IBM aren't bound by the same constraints - their PowerPC ISA is really quite nice and so there's no where near the same amount of pain suffered trying to deal with the same problem. It does seem however, that IBM are almost at the point that Intel want to be in 10 years time... Reply
Verdant - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkhere is a question...
it mentions (or alludes) in the article that having no cache means that knowing exactly when an instruction would be executed is possible, is the memory interface therefore a strict "real time system" ? Reply
WishIKnewComputers - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkWell, I dont really see the Cell 'breaking' in any way. Between being in the PS3, IBM servers/supercomputers, and Sony and Toshiba electronics, the chip will be all over the place.
As for it showing up in PCs... no it wont happen anytime soon, but I really dont think it's intended to at this point. Workstation and playstations are its main concern, and smartly so. The Cell in its first generation isnt cut out for superior general tasking, obviously, but when those things start pumping out (and they will... the PS2 has sold what, 80 million units?), there will likely be different and more advanced versions. And if some of those are changed for enhanced general purposing somehow or another, then they could have shot at entering the PC world. As for taking on Intel, though... I dont think IBM is even considering that. If I had to guess, if they wanted to be in a PC, they would have OS X adapted to Cell and IBM would have these things in Apples.
But no matter which way they go, is it me or does IBM seem light-years ahead of Intel? After looking at Intel's future plans, it seems that they are trying to move towards what IBM is doing now. So is the Cell a processor just ahead of its time, or has Intel just gotten behind? Reply
AnnihilatorX - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkThis article is seriously a kill for a child like me. I appreciate it though. Well done Anandtech Reply
ravedave - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkI can't wait to see what devlopers thing of the cell & the SDK's for it. I have a feeling thats what will kill the cell or make it successfull.
microbrew - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link"System on a Chip (SoC)"
What will make or break the Cell is the tools available, especially the operating system and libraries.
I would like to see what they're doing in terms of marketing the chip to consumer electronics, telecom, military and other embedded applications. I could see the Cell as a viable alternative to the usual mixures of PowerPcs, ARMs and DSPs.
I also agree with Final Words; I don't see the Cell breaking into the consumer PC market any time soon either. Reply
Locut0s - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link#17 Yeah that was a bit too harsh I agree. Reply
Eug - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkI'm just wondering how well a dual-core PPE-based 4+ GHz chip would do in general purpose (desktop) code.
And I also wonder how cool/hot such a chip would be. The Xbox 2's CPU is probably a 3-core PPE, but it runs at 3 GHz, and we don't have power specs for it anyway. Reply
Filibuster - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link#11 (well, everyone should if they haven't before) read the Arstechnica article on PS2 vs PC - static applications vs dynamic media. Cell is taking it to the next level.
Very nice article Anand! Reply
Googer - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkBesides a release date, is there any news or knowledge of a Linux Kit for Playstation 3 like there was for PS2? Does anyone KNOW OF Either? Reply
Illissius - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkDamn. Awesome article. If I hadn't known the site and author beforehand, I would've guessed Ars and Hannibal. Seems he isn't the only one with a talent for these kinds of articles ;)
You should do more of them. Reply
scrotemaninov - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link#22: This is just a guess so don't rely on this. The POWER5 has 2way SMT. Each cycle it fetches 8 instructions from the L1I cache. All instructions fetched per cycle are for the same thread so it alternates (round robin). It also has capabilities for setting the thread priority so that you effectively run with 1 thread and it just fetches 8 instructions per cycle for the one running thread.
I would expect the PPE to be similar to this, fetching 2 instructions for the same thread each cycle. The POWER5 has load balancing stuff in there too - if one thread keeps missing in L2 then the other thread gets more instructions decoded in order to keep the CPU functional unit utilisation up. I've no idea whether this kind of stuff has made it over into the PPE, I'd be a little surprised if it has, especially seeing as this is in-order anyway so it's not like you're going to be aiming for high utilisations rates. Reply
scrotemaninov - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link#23: True, but I believe that when the SPE's access the outside memory they go through the cache. Sure it's a lower coherancy than we're used to but it's not much worse. Reply
Houdani - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link18: Top Drawer Post.
20: Thanks for the links! Reply
fitten - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link"Given the speed of the interconnect and the fact that it is cache-coherant,"
Only the PPC core has cache. The individual SPEs don't have cache - they have scratchpad RAM.
#22: I believe the PPC core is a dual issue core that just happens to be 2xSMT. Reply
AndyKH - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkGreat article.
Anand, Could you please clarify something:
I had the impression that the PPE was a SMT processor in the sense that it had to be executing 2 threads in order to issue 2 instructions per clock. In other words: I didn't think the PPE control logic could decide to issue 2 instructions from the same thread at any given clock tick, but rather that it absolutely needed an instruction from each thread to issue two instructions.
After reading the article, I don't assume my impression is right, but a comment from you would be nice.
As I come to think about it, my impression is rather identical to 2 seperate single thread in-order cores. :-) Reply
Koing - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkCell looks VERY interesting.
Any of you guys seen Devil May Cry 3 on the PS2? Looks great imo same with T5 and GT4.
Cell at first will be tough like most consoles. BUT eventually THE developers will get around it and make some very solidly good looking games.
Lets hope they are innovative and not just rehashed graphics and nothing else.
Thanks for the great article.
Koing Reply
scrotemaninov - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkI really hate just dumping loads of links, but this basically is the available content on the CELL.
http://www.hpcaconf.org/hpca11/slides/Cell_Public_... (slides)
mrmorris - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkBrilliant article, there are few places for in-depth hardcore technology presentations but Anandtech never fails. Reply
scrotemaninov - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkReal concurrency is hard to do for the programmers. It's a real pain to get it right and it's hard to debug. Systematic analysis just gets too complex as there are just too many states, you end up with a huge graph/markov-model and it's just impossible to solve it tractably.
Superscalar and SMT just try to increase ILP at the CPU level without burdening the programmer or compiler-writer. However, we've pretty much come to the end of getting a CPU to go faster - at 5GHz, LIGHT travels 6cm between clocks, and an electic PD will travel slower. As it is, in the P4 pipeline, there are at least 2 stages which are simply there to allow signals to propogate across the chip. Clearly, going faster in Hz isn't going to make the pipeline go faster.
So the ONLY thing that they can do now is to put lots of cores on the same chip and then we're going to have to deal with real concurrency. IBM/Sony are doing it now with CELL and Intel will do it in a few years. It's going to happen regardless. What we need is languages which can support real concurrency. The Java Memory Model is an almost ideal fit for the CELL, but other aspects don't work out so well, maybe. We need Pi-calculus/Join-calculus constructs in languages to be able to really deal with these cpus efficiently.
Your comments about CELL not being general purpose enough are a little wrong. IBM /already/ has the CELL in workstations and are evaluating applications that will work well. Given the speed of the interconnect and the fact that it is cache-coherant, I think we'll be seeing super-computers based on many CELLs, it's an almost ideal fit (as it is, you've almost got ccNUMA on a single chip). Also, bear in mind that this is IBM's 5th (or 6th?) generation of SMT in the PPE - they've been at it MUCH longer than Intel - IBM started it in the mid-90s around the same time that the Alpha crew were working on the EV8 which was going to have 8-way thread-level parallelism (got canned sadly).
Also, if you look at IBMs heavy CPUs - the POWER5, that has SMT and dispatches in groups of 8 instructions, not the 3/4 that AMD/Intel manage.
What I'm saying here, is that sure, the SPEs don't have BPTs of BTBs, they're all 2-way dispatch and not greater, but, they all run REALLY fast, they have short pipelines (so the pain of the branch misprediction won't be so bad), and, IBM have had software branch prediction available since the POWER4, so they've been at it a few years and must have decided that compilers really can successfully predict branch directions.
Backwards compatibility doesn't matter. Sure, Microsoft took several years to support AMD64 but that didn't stop take up of the platform - everyone just ran Linux on it (well, everyone who wanted to use the 64bit CPU they'd bought). It'll only be a few months after the CELL is out that we'll have to wait until Linux can be built on it. 100quid says Microsoft will never support it.
Frankly, considering that it's far more likely to go into super-computer or workstation environments, no one there gives a damn about backwards compatibility or Windows support. No one in those environments /wants/ a damn paper clip. Reply
Reflex - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link#14: Replace 'lazy developers' with 'developers on a budget' and you will have a true statement. Its not an issue of laziness, its an issue of having the budget to optimize fully for a platform. Reply
GhandiInstinct - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkWow Super CPU and SUPER RAMBUS? AHHHH!
This will replace my computer. PS3 that is. Reply
ceefka - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkRambus'Revenge Reply
Locut0s - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkGreat article Anand!! Yeah I actually get to bring my Comp150 knowledge to bear in reading this article! If this had come out 6 months ago I would have been totally lost. It will indeed be interesting to see what headway Cell can make, however unfortunately as Anand alludes to the x86 architecture is just too heavily entrenched for anything to budge it except the Big 2 (AMD and Intel). I can't wait to see what type of power the Playstation 3 will have though, and especially how that power will be utilized in games. I bet there will be some jaw dropping graphics awaiting us there. That is if Cells limitations don't hold back lazy game developers and lead to a string of mediocre games punctuated by a few amazing titles made by independent developers who really care to utilize the architecture. Didn't the Playstantion 1 suffer something similar? Reply
knitecrow - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkThe real world technology article on the cell, states that it gives up single thread performance in favour of runing many parallel threads. That sounds like a terrible difficult processor to development games for.
I for one think it will be easier to put the burden on the hardware rather than on the software side.
Can we see another repeat of PS2? Technically impressive, but hard to code for. Reply
JarredWalton - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link11 - I think the point is that games tend to use certain functions of a CPU much more frequently, while general business/office applications make use of a wider range of generic operations. I understand your complaint, as office applications generally don't need a lot more power than about 1.5 GHz at most. However, the key of the statement was the "general purpose microprocessor" and not the "very powerful" part. Reply
AnandThenMan - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkWAIT. What the flock does this mean?
"Performance in business/office applications requires a very powerful, very fast general purpose microprocessor, but performance in a game console, for example, does not."
WHAT??????? Hello?? So an office app like Word needs a very powerful processor, but a game console does not? I beg to differ. I suppose it depends on how you define "business/office application" but I think that statement is WAY off. I know several current office applications that will limp along on a pentium 133, but no current game has any hope on the same CPU. Reply
tipoo - Wednesday, July 30, 2014 - linkIt was clear to me that meant console CPUs didn't have to be as general purpose and brute force powerful in every regard - they can get away with being more specialized, and suck at general work, but still fast for game specific code. Reply
Googer - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkWhen are they coming out? Anyone know of a release date? Reply
jeffbui - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - link#4, I do. Heh.
I've been waiting for this article forever.. thanks! Reply
JarredWalton - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkInteresting stuff. The Playstation has always been something of a pain in the rear to program. PS1 went it's own way, and PS2 did the same. PS3 and Cell seem ready to pave new roads into the "OMG this is really complex" land of programming. I'm glad I've given up serious programming.... :) Reply
Googer - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkIn soviet russia cell processor controls your mind. Reply
faboloso112 - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkahh i love bedtime stories!
great read...VERY informative! Reply
ksherman - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linksweet article! way over my head, but there were some parts that were dropped down to my level of understanding. Leave it to anand to tell the real story. It will be interesting to see how willing some companies will be to accomidate Sony's ratical processor... bu tas long as theirs money... Do you think that it is possible to (down the road) flop a x86 chip in place of the PPE? wouldn't hat make the Cell compatible with the current processing standards? Reply
ProviaFan - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkDescribing this as a "sit down read" type of article makes me want to print it out to put it in the magazine rack, because I don't have a laptop + 802.11g to peruse AnandTech while I'm, er... ;) Reply
xsilver - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linknice, definitley one of those "sit down reads".... some serious shiznit ;) Reply
cosmotic - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkOMG! FIRST POST LOL ROFL LMAO OMG!!! LOOK WHOS COOL!!! Reply
Fricardo - Thursday, March 17, 2005 - linkFinally! Thanks guys. Reply
Bawl - Saturday, January 25, 2014 - linkI just love this deep analysis of one of the most mist-understanding processor of the last decade.
Too bad that after spending more than a half-of-billion dollars, SonyThoshibaIBM didn't release the presumably outstanding CellTwo. Reply
Ferrx - Sunday, December 20, 2015 - linkHi, can you help me to understand this ? I don't understand at all about these.
_______ _________ ______
|Decode| | Execute | | Write |
----------- ---------------- -----------
_______ _________ ______
In "Decode", each row has 2 columns. What do First and Second Column mean ?
same as "Write"
And in "Execute, each row has 3 columns. What do First, Second and Third column mean ?
And how is the process ? (The current table is about "In-Order Issue with Out-of-Order Completion").
I've read it many times, in the "Instruction Level Parallelism". But I still don't have any idea about it. Reply
Ferrx - Sunday, December 20, 2015 - linkHi, can you help me to understand this ? I don't understand at all about these.
_______ _________ ______
|Decode| | Execute | | Write |
----------- ---------------- -----------
_______ _________ ______
In "Decode", each row has 2 columns. What do First and Second Column mean ?
same as "Write"
And in "Execute, each row has 3 columns. What do First, Second and Third column mean ?
And how is the process ? (The current table is about "In-Order Issue with Out-of-Order Completion").
I've read it many times, in the "Instruction Level Parallelism". But I still don't have any idea about it. Reply
Ferrx - Sunday, December 20, 2015 - linkAww... Can't do tab-'ing' 0__0 Reply


text:
United Kingdom (Scotland)
National Dementia Strategies
3 June 2013: Scotland launches new National Dementia Strategy
Mr Alex Neil, Cabinet Secretary for Health and Wellbeing, launched Scotland's new National Dementia Strategy at Alzheimer Scotland's Dementia Connections Conference on 3 June.
A key aim of the new three-year strategy will be to improve standards of hospital care for people with dementia. It will see all general hospitals implement an action plan to prevent people with dementia going into hospital unnecessarily, ensure they get better care when in hospital and are helped to get home as quickly as possible once they are ready to leave.
The strategy will also build upon the achievements of the first strategy, including 300+ Dementia Champions, Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Nurses in health boards across Scotland, the Promoting Excellence knowledge and skills framework for all health and social care staff and the Standards of Care for Dementia in Scotland.
Secretary Neil said: "I am delighted to launch our second three year National Dementia Strategy, which will further improve diagnosis rates, transform the quality of post-diagnostic support and take forward a national action plan on improving care for people with dementia in hospitals.
"We've already seen huge progress since we made dementia a national priority in 2007. Currently 64% of Scots are getting a diagnosis, significantly better than other parts of the UK. Everyone diagnosed from 1 April this year is entitled to a named support worker to help them and their families understand the illness, manage its symptoms and plan for future care, described as a 'world leading' commitment by Alzheimer Scotland."
National Dementia Strategy launched on 1 June 2010
The Scottish government published its first-ever national dementia strategy on 1 June 2010 and this ran for three years.
On 6 June 2011, the report 'One Year On' was published by the dementia strategy's Implementation and Monitoring Group (see download below). To mark the first anniversary of the strategy, Nicola Sturgeon (Deputy First Minister and Cabinet Secretary for Health, Wellbeing and Cities Strategy) presented new reports on care standards for dementia and a framework for staff working with people with dementia. A transcription of her speech and both reports are available below.
The government had announced that dementia would be a national priority as early as 1997. However, development of a comprehensive dementia strategy only began in 2009. This was sparked by the publication of a report by the Mental Welfare and Care Commission and a wide-ranging consultation that covered the following aspects of dementia:
- Treatment and Managing Behaviour
- Assessment, Diagnosis and Patient Pathways
- Improving the general service response to dementia
- Rights, Dignity and Personalisation
- Health Improvement, Public Attitudes and Stigma
Last Updated: Friday 05 July 2013

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Hey there, time traveller!
This article was published 26/10/2012 (1760 days ago), so information in it may no longer be current.
In many ways, I was no different from all the other immigrant children flooding into Canada in the 1950s. I had only a smattering of English when I started school. I watched my parents scrabble for menial jobs and stretch the food dollar with the creative use of leftovers. And I understood my part in the immigrant bargain was to be on time and to do my homework.
However, I was German -- the one nationality against whom discrimination was tacitly sanctioned. A dozen years had not yet managed to erase the wartime view of "Krauts" as the enemy, and a particularly heinous one at that. In fact, German nationals had not been allowed into Canada before 1950.
I can only guess what my father had to deal with in those early years in Manitoba; he was too young to have served in the war, but he was tall and blond and had an unmistakable German accent -- downright Aryan.
The German boys I knew were always recruited to be the evil losers in the war games that played out on the street.
As a girl, I was spared a lot of the direct playground bullying. But it was the whispers on the edge of schoolyard conversations and the unrelenting portrayal of buffoonish or evil Germans on the television that knit together to form a shroud that would hang over my entire life. I developed a shame of being German and a guilt for actions taken long before I was born.
There was one guiding principle that governed my life and that of many of my generation: "Don't mention the war." This was not just the stuff of Fawlty Towers. It was the rule in the German-Manitoban home. No explanations were offered by our parents about what had happened during the war, and no questions were asked. Did we really want to know?
The conspiracy of silence was complete. Saturday-morning "German school" classes at the German Society building in the North End were designed to re-inculcate German into those of us wayward children who would rather speak English. Teaching the history of Germany studiously skirted the war years. My German-language confirmation classes in the Lutheran church that has since become the West End Cultural Centre never explored the evils of the Holocaust. Much later, in a university course on German literature, I don't recall a single reference to Hitler and the Nazi movement.
Every German child I knew fantasized about discovering some family members in Germany had been resistance fighters who bravely harboured Jews in the attic. When my father told me long after my mother died she had probably been raped by Russian soldiers as they pushed westward into what is now Poland, I am embarrassed to admit savouring for a moment the thought that my mom was a "victim," not a perpetrator of evil.
My parents were economic immigrants who escaped a country struggling with broken cities, crushed spirits and a ruined financial system. They brought with them an idealized vision of Germany, a world of strong family values, neat-as-a-pin homes and polite and orderly children. There was much about this Germany we children adored: chocolate, whipping cream, feather beds, beer steins, salty licorice, Dr. Oetker pudding mixes, cheese that wasn't orange.
Christmas was a time all we German children stood tall. Who could argue that Germans didn't do Christmas well? There was that magical, lighted tree that presided over Christmas Eve gift-giving. Carols that really should be sung in German. The brown-paper wrapped bundle of linens and chocolates packed by my grandmother 7,000 kilometres away in time for the fall shipping deadline.
In their struggle to improve our lives, my father went back to school (at night, after work of course). And we moved from Elmwood and the cocoon of Winnipeg's German-speaking community to the south side of the city where we were definitely the only immigrants on the block. I must have answered some questions correctly in school because I found myself headed for a special Grade 4 class in a school in River Heights. In the Winnipeg of those days, River Heights was a very upscale area. It was where my mom had cleaned houses when she first arrived in Winnipeg. It was the area that was home to many of the city's affluent Jewish families.
But I didn't find myself the butt of schoolyard bullying because of my heritage. Rather it was my "differentness" that made me the focus of derision. I was poor. I took the city bus to school with my plaid tin lunch box under my arm. I wore homemade clothes made from cloth pulled from the "sale" bins at Mitchell Fabrics. If anyone had ever been to my home, they would have seen there was no stereo in the living room, no car in the garage.
I was so desperate to blend in, on the walk to the bus stop most mornings I undid the braids my mother had earlier lovingly plaited. On the walk home, I redid the braids to complete my transformation from German to Canadian to German again. Did my parents not notice my flyaway, dishevelled look? If so, they never said.
The years have made it easier to blend in. It is now decades since the Second World War. And there have been repugnant atrocities around the world that have deflected attention from us Germans. But German guilt still claws at my heart whenever I see Schindler's List or read Sarah's Key. A part of me perhaps irrationally believes the chronic illnesses that have plagued my family are payback for our German heritage, never mind what Susan Sontag might say in Illness as a Metaphor. And there are those who will never forget. Not long ago, when I visited a friend in Quebec, his mother was noticeably cool toward me. Philip later explained she suffered horribly in London during the wartime bombings and she hated Germans.
The postwar German immigrant community has dispersed across Winnipeg, eschewing the comfortable insulation of immigrant neighbourhoods. The Germans of my father's generation are slowing dying off, leaving us children, with our perfect, unaccented English, to blend into mainstream Canada. Our assimilation is so complete and we are so fearful of any hint of nationalism, there is only one German restaurant in town.
My German guilt will be with me until the day I die. But now -- when I have next to no one to talk to -- I'm trying to improve my language skills. And I'm delighted the house we bought a few years ago is just a stone's throw from the Portage Avenue German meat market. In just a few weeks, the store will glitter with the liquor-filled Winebrand Bohnen and Gingerbread Christmas cookies. A perfect incarnation of an idealized, innocent Germany, circa 1957.
Ingeborg Boyens is a Manitoba journalist, writer and editor. She is part-owner of Great Plains Publications. She got her professional start as a (very bad) clerk for the Der Courrier German newspaper.


text:
Shfs is a simple and easy to use Linux kernel module which allows you
to mount remote filesystems using a plain shell (ssh) connection. When
using shfs, you can access all remote files just like the local ones,
only the access is governed through the transport security of ssh.
Fri Sep 22 12:00:00 2006 Axel Thimm - 0.35-7
- Fix inode bug.
- Adjust to Red Hat's inode diet patches.
Sat Aug 14 12:00:00 2004 Axel Thimm
- Initial build.


text:
Flames NewsFlames Home > Volleyball Home > News
Lady Flames Host Georgetown in Home Opener, Tuesday
Weekly Notes
After opening the 2013 campaign at the NIU Invitational over the weekend, Liberty volleyball (0-3) begins its week by hosting Georgetown (2-1) on Tuesday at 7 p.m. inside the Vines Center. The Lady Flames, who play 13 out of their first 14 matches away from Lynchburg, are on a 14-match home winning streak.
On Friday and Saturday, Liberty will compete in the Kentucky Classic, facing Commonwealth rival VCU along with a pair of 2012 NCAA Tournament participants, East Tennessee State and the host and 21st-ranked Kentucky Wildcats.
Liberty at a Glance
Two-time defending Big South champion Liberty went winless at the NIU Invitational to open its season. The Lady Flames fell, 3-0, to No. 23 Ohio State in the season opener, with the match decided by just eight points. Junior libero Gabrielle Shipe was named to the all-tournament team, averaging 5.22 digs per set.
Liberty was voted as the preseason favorite in the Big South this year, after going 25-8 overall and 12-2 in conference play last season. Redshirt sophomore Caroline Douglas was named Big South Preseason Player of the Year, while senior Jade Craycraft joined her on the Preseason All-Conference team.
How to Follow the Lady Flames
Live stats will be available for all of this week's matches, through links on LibertyFlames.com. Fans can view the Liberty-Georgetown match through live video streaming via the Big South Network, with Ray Jones and Erin McKeown. Liberty's contest against Kentucky on Saturday will be video streamed, for a small fee, through UKTube online.
Quick Hits
- Liberty has won 14 straight home matches, and 26 home sets in a row.
- Liberty has gone 7-2 in home openers under Head Coach Shane Pinder (won 4 straight).
- The Lady Flames have won 20 or more matches for six straight seasons.
- Two-time defending champion Liberty is the preseason favorite in the Big South poll.
- Caroline Douglas was named the 2013 Big South Preseason Player of the Year.
- Pinder, in his 10th year, is one win shy of 175 for his career.
- Senior Lillie Happel enters the week 31 kills away from 1,000.
- Junior Gabrielle Shipe was named to the NIU Invitational All-Tournament team, Saturday.
Week in Review
The Lady Flames, playing without the services of Big South Preseason Player of the Year Caroline Douglas, went 0-3 at the NIU Invitational over the weekend. Liberty opened the season against No. 23 Ohio State, falling 3-0 (25-22, 25-22, 26-24) in its first-ever season opener versus a Top 25 program. Lillie Happel sent down 15 kills against the Buckeyes. The Lady Flames fell to Northern Illinois and Green Bay on Saturday, despite a 10-kill match from Kendle Rollins against Green Bay.
Gabrielle Shipe averaged 5.22 digs during the weekend, collecting a season-high 20 digs against Green Bay on Saturday. Shipe was named to the all-tournament team. The Lady Flames outblocked each opponent, 8-5, on the weekend, averaging 2.67 blocks per set. Setter Jade Craycraft led Liberty with 1.22 blocks per set.
Who Else Can Say That?
Liberty volleyball has posted six straight 20-win seasons, earned six straight conference regular-season titles and made six consecutive appearances in the conference final (2007-2012). The Lady Flames are the only volleyball team in NCAA Division I to accomplish this feat.
Since the Start of the 2007 Season, Liberty is:
- one of four volleyball programs in NCAA Division I to have won or shared their conference or division regular-season championship in each of the last six years.
- one of six volleyball programs in NCAA Division I to appear in its conference championship match in each of the last six seasons.
- one of 21 volleyball programs in NCAA Division I to win 20 or more matches in each of the last six seasons.
On the Way to 1,000
Senior outside hitter Lillie Happel, a two-time all-conference selection, has recorded 969 career kills. She is currently 31 kills away from becoming the 14th player in program history with 1,000 or more career kills.
Current Liberty assistant coaches Jennifer (Belk) Vaden (2001-04) and Rebecca Rudnick (2001-04) are both members of the 1,000-kill club. Vaden is third on Liberty's all-time list, with 1,789 career kills, while Rudnick (1,164) is 10th. Erin McKeown (2000-03), Senior Woman Administrator and color analyst for Liberty volleyball, is 8th with 1,308 kills.
Block Party
The Lady Flames averaged 2.67 blocks per set at the NIU Invitational, and Liberty leads the Big South in blocking so far in 2013. Setter Jade Craycraft averaged 1.22 blocks per set, while Kendle Rollins recorded 0.89 blocks per set.
Rollins is now tied with Ashley Webber (2005-08) for seventh all-time at Liberty with 318 career blocks. She is seven blocks away from taking over sixth, which is currently held by Nicole Nice (1989-92).
Setting the Tone
Senior Jade Craycraft, the 2012 Big South Tournament MVP, is a three-time all-conference setter. She was named to the Big South All-Conference first team in 2012, when she led the team with 1,152 assists and 11 double-doubles. Craycraft guided the Lady Flames to a program-record and conference-best .250 team hitting percentage last year.
Craycraft enters the weekend sixth in program history with 3,365 career assists. A versatile player, she also has a triple-double (2010 at Winthrop) and a 10-block match (2011 at Radford) to her credit.
Dig In
Junior libero Gabrielle Shipe finished fourth in the Big South with 510 digs last season, and was twice named the Big South Defensive Player of the Week. She reached double-figures in digs 25 times, including each of the final 13 matches of the season.
Shipe collected a season-high 20 digs on Saturday against Kentucky, her seventh career 20-dig match. She has totaled 10 or more digs in each of the team's last 16 matches, dating back to last season.
Liberty vs. Georgetown
Georgetown (2-1) won two out of three matches at the season-opening D.C. Challenge, downing Howard and George Mason, while falling to American. The Hoyas finished the 2012 season with a 7-21 record, including 1-14 in the BIG EAST. Junior middle blocker Dani White, a 2012 All-BIG EAST second team selection, paces Georgetown with 1.09 blocks per set. Junior Alex Johnson averages 3.73 kills per set to pace the Hoyas. Freshman Caitlin Brauneis posts 10.18 assists per set, while junior Mackenzie Simpson records 4.27 digs on average.
The series between Liberty and Georgetown is tied at 2-2, with the Hoyas sweeping the first two meetings in 1989 and 1990. Liberty has won the most recent two meetings, downing Georgetown in four sets on Nov. 23, 2007 and Sept. 18, 2012.
Arlisa Williams, Georgetown's eighth-year head coach, holds a 79-125 career record. Williams has an 0-2 career record against the Lady Flames.
The Last Meeting
Liberty hit .352 during a 3-1 win (25-21, 18-25, 28-26, 25-20) over Georgetown in Washington, D.C., on Sept. 18, 2012. In the process, the Lady Flames snapped a three-match winless streak, while the Hoyas sustained their sixth loss in a row.
Liberty's Caroline Douglas and the Hoyas' Dani White tied for the match high with 18 kills apiece. Loren Thomas hit a career-high .700 in connecting for 15 kills for the Lady Flames. Lady Flames Kendle Rollins (six blocks) and Monica Johnson (five blocks) contributed to Liberty's 9-7 advantage in total blocks.
Liberty's Record at Home
Liberty has gone 24-1 in its last 25 home matches, and 44-6 in its last 50 home contests. The Lady Flames are 71-23 under 10th-year head coach Shane Pinder.
Liberty also holds three extended home winning streaks at present, winning 14 straight home matches overall, 26 straight home sets, and 21 conference home contests in a row.
The Lady Flames are 7-2 in home openers under Pinder, and 17-7 in the initial home match of the season since 1989. Last year, Liberty won the home opener for the fourth season in a row, downing William & Mary, 3-1, on Aug. 31.
Shane Pinder, in his 10th season as Liberty's head coach, has compiled a 174-124 career record and ranks fourth in the Big South in career coaching victories. He needs 25 more victories to pass Chris Phillips (1992-97, 99-2003) and move into first place on Liberty's all-time list in volleyball coaching wins.
Liberty's next victory will be Pinder's 175th career win and will also be the 700th victory in program history. The Lady Flames have averaged nearly 19 wins per season since the founding of the program in 1976.


text:
Every holiday season, Blizzard Entertainment creates a special holiday card to spread some seasonal cheer to little murlocs, zerglings, and imps everywhere. This year, we're inviting you to catch the spirit by creating a Blizzard-ly holiday card of your own featuring the Warcraft, StarCraft, or Diablo series. We'll provide the template -- all you need to do is add your personal touch.
To participate in our inaugural Holiday Card Contest, simply submit your entries here by 12 p.m. Pacific Time on December 7, 2009. Three lucky winners will win a prize package including a Razer DeathAdder gaming mouse, Razer Lycosa gaming keyboard, Razer Sphex gaming grade desktop skin, and Razer Carcharias professional gaming headset, along with this year's official Blizzard Entertainment holiday card signed by the artist, Samwise Didier. Check out the official rules for more information.
In order to increase your chances of being picked as one of the winners, please keep the following items in mind:


text:
Hey there, time traveller!
This article was published 28/9/2012 (1789 days ago), so information in it may no longer be current.
It has been an interesting couple of years for me, as an academic and an observer of the path Canada has started down to reconcile past wrongs against native citizens who suffered the abuses of residential schools.
I emigrated from Argentina two decades ago. I know about suffering at the hands of the state.
In Argentina, the government carried out systematic repression of its own people from 1976 to 1982. Up to 30,000 people -- suspected "subversives" -- were kidnapped, detained, tortured and "disappeared" by a military dictatorship.
I have been in Canada for 20 years now, but the kidnapping and disappearance of my sister Mónica 36 years ago has not become distant, neither through time nor geography. My sister, my parents' daughter, was taken by the navy, tortured at the infamous Escuela de Mecanica de la Armada and then "disappeared."
As others have said, the only one thing worse than terrorism is state terrorism. This was the case in Argentina, no "dirty war," just simple and plain state terrorism.
The history left its wounds and scars. After much debate, in early 1983 with the return of a constitutional government, a National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons (CONADEP) was created. Argentina needed to uncover the truth of what happened, where all these people had gone.
Composed of a group of notables, the CONADEP received 8,960 accusations of disappeared individuals, located 340 clandestine centres of detention, determined that 1,300 individuals had been seen in centres of detention and were still disappeared, and identified 350 individuals presumably responsible for the repression. Its 490-page report, Nunca Más, sold 300,000 copies almost immediately.
As Jorge Nállim, an Argentine historian also living in Manitoba has argued, Argentina's was the first modern truth commission to investigate severe, state-sponsored human rights. Its findings not only contributed to a national debate on memory and justice, but were instrumental in the prosecution of the military leaders that had presided over the torture, killing and disappearance of thousands of citizens. It was the model for commissions created later in South Africa and other Latin American countries.
It was not without controversy -- why scratch old wounds? some asked. Ernesto Sábato, a key literary figure of Argentina and head of the CONADEP, addressed this in the prologue to Nunca Más: "They accuse us of hindering national reconciliation, of stirring up hatred and resentment, of not allowing the past to be forgotten. This is not the case. We have not acted out of any feeling of vindictiveness or vengeance. All we are asking for is truth and justice... in the understanding that there can be no true reconciliation until the guilty repent and we have justice based on truth."
Nunca Más. Never again. But the promise not to repeat is hollow without acknowledgment of wrongs done, the truth behind the history.
Over many years, Canada has received thousands of immigrants and refugees who have experienced state repression in one form or other. These experiences have been difficult, and for many, traumatic.
At the same time, it has provided many of us with an important background that can make a contribution to particular challenges within Canada. We are watching the country struggle for truth and reconciliation out of its Indian residential school legacy.
While the abuses were different in kind and magnitude, there is one significant common element between the CONADEP and Canada's Truth and Reconciliation Commission: The mandate of acknowledging the truth of what happened, as well as the injustices and harms done.
Many immigrants and refugees know too well that true reconciliation cannot take place if it is not based on truth.
The process of truth is not an easy path. Many of those who shared their experiences with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission have felt the reopening of wounds. However, they were willing to do so because being witness to the truth enabled a stronger journey of healing for themselves, their families, and their communities.
I admire the strength of these individuals, as I admired years ago the strength of my own parents bearing witness to the forced disappearance of my sister Mónica. She was 24, a social and political activist who worked in the slums of Buenos Aires. Over the years, the pieces of her disappearance came together for us. We believe she was thrown, while drugged, from a helicopter or plane, into the sea. This was the way the military regime got rid of people.
My mother was a founding member of the Mothers of Plaza de Mayo. My father founded, with other lawyers, the Centre for Legal and Social Studies, a human rights organization that still plays a significant role in Argentina's reconciliation of its past.
A country, like its people, can emerge from trauma stronger.
These shared strengths, arising from truth, will help Canadians to establish, in the words of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, "new relationships embedded in mutual recognition and respect that will forge a brighter future."
Javier Mignone is associate professor at the faculty of human ecology, University of Manitoba. He has strong interest in social determinants of health, indigenous health, social justice and human rights.


text:
Home Decor
(Showing 4 categories)
Home Decor
Adding new interior decor to your home will quickly make it brighter and lovelier than before. 1000Bulbs.com has the light fixtures you need to overhaul your home decor. Find hanging light fixtures, lamps and residential fans to light and cool any space. Accent furniture, wall decor, decorative accents and antique reproductions are also available. There is also a variety of collections you can choose from to give your home a specific look, such as rustic or regal. These collections make it easy to choose home decor that coordinates with your style. With 1000Bulbs.com, home decorating has never been easier. Offering a vast selection, low prices and superior customer service means we can't be beat!


text:
The Greater Phoenix Economic Council (GPEC) is sharpening its international approach with an aim toward bringing more foreign direct investment to the state. To that end, GPEC has restructured its International Leadership Committee (ILC).
"My vision is to put Arizona on the radar," says Rudy Vetter, senior vice president of international business development at GPEC.
Sharon Harper, president and CEO of The Plaza Companies, is one of the ILC's co-chairmen. The Plaza Companies is the co-developer of SkySong, a mixed-use development in Scottsdale with a focus on global industries.
"Repositioning the (ILC) board and a more strategic focus on foreign direct investment on Europe, Asia and Canada has resulted in a greater number of international prospects and successes," she says.
Harper notes that the top-tier markets for the committee are those that best align with Arizona, such as China, Germany, Italy, Spain, France, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, along with Japan, Korea and Canada.
The specific industries being targeted are solar energy, other renewable energy products, clean tech and environmental technology, biotech, medical and life sciences, as well as high-tech manufacturing.
"There is a great opportunity for Arizona and Greater Phoenix to benefit significantly from foreign direct investments. By focusing on Arizona's core strengths, and specifically the vision at SkySong and other projects that are focused on the global economy, Arizona will be attracting and creating good jobs for our region," Harper says.
Reducing the committee's size, along with adding leading investors and major academic leaders in the Valley to its roster, has resulted in a concerted effort to make a more powerful impact in the international arena. Intel, Arizona State University, Thunderbird School of Global Management and the University of Phoenix all have a presence on the committee, as well as representatives from the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and the Netherlands, among others.
"The key element for the ILC is that they invest their expertise, their skills and knowledge about international affairs, and they combine that with investing into their network, connections and international activity," Vetter says.
With a diverse and experienced pool of senior executives on the committee, the main goal is to get the word out about Arizona and the many perks it offers.
"It's about creating awareness," Vetter says. "Arizona is not necessarily the first state that comes to mind to an international investor. (It's up to us) to make them aware of the great qualities this place has.
"Very often, we create first contact by meeting companies during trade shows and conferences; we find out if there is a company interested in an operation in the U.S., and we make the case for Arizona and Greater Phoenix," Vetter adds.
He points out that although Arizona can't compete with companies looking for an East Coast presence, when it comes to the West, the committee's job is to ensure the state is on the shortlist of candidates.
Since the passage of the Renewable Energy Tax Incentive Program, Arizona has become a power player in the solar industry, attracting several high-level, international companies to the Valley. To keep the momentum going, Vetter and the rest of the committee work closely with international companies, providing them with step-by-step plans to make their entrance into Arizona a smooth one. The process of foreign companies setting up a presence domestically comes with many challenges, and GPEC strives to ensure the companies' success.
"It's a seed that we have to nurture, and sooner or later we can grow a plant," Vetter says. "They're coming with an investment, but they have to create the business from scratch. GPEC connects them with local business to get them started faster and to create mutual benefit for the whole community. We hear all the time from companies that locate here; they love this one-stop shopping (GPEC offers)."
As the ILC continues on its mission to attract foreign investors to the area, it also will continue to focus on building a strong sustainability industry in the state.
"The idea of seeing the Valley plastered with solar panels, people driving cars they can plug in and knowing they don't have to pay their utility bills is a nice vision — but we are not that far from it anymore," Vetter says.


text:
Suspect in NYC subway death arrested before
AP Photo NYR101, NYANE101
Eds: APNewsNow. Updates with prior arrests and medication. Will be updated. With AP Photos. AP Video.
By Colleen Long
Associated Press
NEW YORK - Police say they were called by family members of a 31-year-old woman charged with murder in the death of a man shoved in front of a New York City subway train at least five times because she had not been properly taking prescribed medications.
Erika Menendez was being held without bail in the death of Sunando Sen, who died Thursday night in Queens. Police say Menendez's family members called authorities several times in the past five years because they were having difficulty dealing with her. Police did not say what the medication was.
Menendez had been arrested several times. She pleaded guilty to assaulting a man in 2003, and drug possession.
Menendez was in custody and unavailable for comment.


text:
CAMPAIGNERS fighting against cuts to the fire service in Worcestershire have reacted with dismay after it was revealed an amendment had been made to controversial plans to cut engines in the county – without public consultation.
Although plans which could see Worcester and Hereford lose one its 24-hour fire engines were due to be voted on by Hereford and Worcester Fire Authority in February, the scheme was deferred until June's meeting after members agreed to move £485,000 from its £1.5 million surplus into its revenue budget.
But after the agenda papers for the meeting on Monday June 9 were released this week it emerged the proposal had been amended to make each of the engines on-call instead of removing them from service entirely.
Secretary of the Fire Brigades Union for Hereford and Worcester Steve Gould said he was "dismayed" the plans had been changed without any public consultation.
"The last time there was a 12-week consultation but that's been completely bypassed this time," he said.
"We're looking at a material change to the plans and it's still downgrading fire cover.
"Having an on-call fire engine is not the same as having one ready to go right away."
He added the union was seeking legal advice on the proper course of action.
But leader of the Labour group on the authority Cllr Richard Udall – who played a key role in getting the decision deferred at February's meeting – said there was no legal requirement to hold a consultation on the amendment.
"What was consulted on was the removal of the engines," he said. "But the fact that it won't be removed is better than the previous plans, so there's no need to consult."
The authority's chairman Cllr Derek Prodger said he had passed the matter to the authority's legal team and it would be inappropriate for him to comment.
Members of the authority will have three options to decide between as part of the organisation's bid to save £4 million:
- Changing one of two full-time fire engines each from Worcester and Hereford to on-call as well as removing an on-call appliance from Redditch, but to defer this for three years. Also removing one on-call appliance each from Ledbury and Tenbury.
- As above, but implementing the changes in Worcester, Hereford and Redditch immediately and deferring the removals in Ledbury and Tenbury for five years.
- Changing one of two full-time fire engines each from Worcester and Hereford to on-call, removing on-call appliance from Redditch, Ledbury and Tenbury, but to defer the changes for two years.
The meeting – which is open to the public – will be held from 10.30am in the Council Chamber at Worcester's County Hall.
The agenda can be viewed at www.hwfire.org.uk.


text:
>Racing>do you run marathons without drinking?
Fight The Future
I usually take a half cup or so of water at about half of the water stops at my favorite marathons, but I never really like slowing down to bother about it. I have a friend (a sub-3 marathoner) who never eats or drinks at all in races, and I always considered him to be somewhat crazy. But this line in an article by Noakes and Spedding in the latest Nature was interesting to me: "[Spedding's] brother, Charlie, holds the English marathon record and won Olympic bronze in 1984 by ignoring drink stations at crucial stages in the Los Angeles marathon." And they argue in the article that humans can safely lose 10% of bodyweight in a long run. Makes me wonder if not drinking would really be that much of an impairment in a marathon..
If the marathon has stations every 2 mile for 20 and every mile the last 6, I will skip 1 or 2 that its. I drink at least a cup or cup and 1/2 at many.
I can lose 6-7 pounds in a 10 mile run when I do not drink anything and it is 70-75 and humid.
I stay the same speed or speed up while taking the cup and drinking it - All you do is grab, squeeze and slam like a frat boy.
In a 24 hour race I drink 4-5 gallons of h20 = 32-40 pounds of water and still usually end up down 5 pounds. Lets say 10 pounds is for Glycogen that leaves 4 gallons of sweat. It would be highly likely I would be dead if I did not take in salt while sweating out 4 gallons.
I do not see it necissary in almost all cases to take salt in a marathon. But the advice to not drink any liquid at all in many marathons for moderate to heavy sweaters is gonna land people in the hospital.
7/20/17 #247 Comeback #19 ... 10/8 - Glacial Trail 50M
Yeah I agree with DB you gotta drink some. Now everyone is different and I don't sweat as much as others but will take a cup at every station and then at least take a swallow or two. I worry about pee breaks so I don't drink as much. I will skip a couple but for the most part try to hit every station. It also depends on how hot/humid it is outside.
If it is a crowded marathon I like to carry a bottle of water for the first few miles so I can avoid the mass at the water stops.
2014 Goals: (Yeah I suck)
Interval Junkie --Nobby
Makes me wonder if not drinking would really be that much of an impairment in a marathon..
Makes me wonder if not drinking would really be that much of an impairment in a marathon..
I don't know. Didn't work out too well for Salazar.
2016 Goals: Lose the 10lbs I gained for not having goals
You mean aside from winning?
(I know, I know what you mean. He was never the same. Just a goofy comment)
I'm thinking that consciously not drinking is probably a bad choice. Just like pounding fluids is a bad choice. I won't say which is "less bad", because neither is optimal and neither is required. Drink when you are thirsty.
I think it depends on your sweat rate and the temps of the day.
I know some people that sweat very little and on a cool day they might be able to not drink anything in a marathon.
Yeah probably not a great idea for most people to drink nothing in a marathon but most people also probably don't need to worry about hydration nearly as much as they do in marathons. And most people who are racing a marathon will finish fairly dehydrated. That's part of the game.
Runners run.
Fast is better than long
I think it depends on your sweat rate and the temps of the day.
I know some people that sweat very little and on a cool day they might be able to not drink anything in a marathon.
My anecdotal analysis:
I have two good marathons (Schaumburg 3:05 and Wisconsin 2:51)
and two "other" marathons (Nashville 3:32 and Boston 3:17)
Each good race was approximately 2 weeks after the "other" race, so I think fitness was comparable and likely lower since the bad marathon probably took something out of me. I understand there are about 1.67 billion other factors, but calling the fitness level similar seems fair.
2017 Goals: Give up goals; they're stoopid
Give a man a fire and he'll be warm the rest of the night;Set a man afire and he'll be warm the rest of his life.
What in the Jehu?
You drank 8-20oz per mile???
Did he 'win the bronze', or 'lose the silver (or gold)'?
Let me narrow this down for you.
Let me count the ways.
"If you have the fire, run..." -John Climacus
Let me narrow this down for you.
I am now a believer that weather is the single biggest factor in my ability to perform endurance tasks.
I'm thinking my GF is eventually going to figure this out and start turn the A/C in the bedroom way down.
MTA: To clarify, the weather was what caused such a drastic change in teh other to parameters.
You drank 8-20oz per mile???
On the back half of Boston, easily.
Ostrich runner
Drinking helps most things.


text:
Hey there, time traveller!
This article was published 11/5/2013 (1560 days ago), so information in it may no longer be current.
NEW YORK -- Forgive the New York Rangers if they have a quiet confidence heading into a must-win game against the Washington Capitals.
No, they aren't too young to understand nor are they loaded with post-season experience. But what they do have seems to be serving them well, at least so far.
The Rangers will host Game 6 of their first-round series against the Washington Capitals today, and they will need to win to force a deciding contest in the nation's capital on Monday.
Through five games, the home team has come out on top in each -- including New York's two wins at Madison Square Garden in Games 3 and 4 to erase an 0-2 series deficit.
Washington went back ahead 3-2 on Friday by beating the Rangers 2-1 in overtime -- the Capitals' second extra-time win in the series.
"I think the electricity in the building can sometimes get you through moments where maybe you're sluggish," Capitals coach Adam Oates said Saturday of the benefits of home ice. "It's your own confines. You just feel good in your own building.
"They're going to be more desperate, but that can't affect the decisions. We've still got to play the way we play."
The Rangers have a bit of recent history to draw upon, as well, as they came back last year from a 3-2 hole in the first round against the Ottawa Senators -- winning Game 6 on the road and completing the rally at home in Game 7 -- when they were the No. 1 seed in the East.
New York also avoided elimination with a Game 7 win versus Washington in the second round. So although this situation is hardly ideal, it isn't unfamiliar or particularly daunting.
"You try to just enjoy it," said Rangers goalie Henrik Lundqvist, who shook off Friday's disappointment in time for a brief team practice Saturday. "I'm definitely not thinking it could be over. That doesn't help your game.
"You go out and focus. I always go and focus on certain things when I play. I try to enjoy the moment. It's a big game for us, everybody knows that, but so far we've been doing pretty good at home."
That goes for both teams.
The Capitals are bolstered by the knowledge that if the series is extended to a Game 7, they have 10 wins over the Rangers in their last 11 playoff home games and five straight.
"Every little play matters. Every play was magnified," defenceman Michael Del Zotto said of last year's Game 6 against Ottawa. "You just feel so into the game, so alive. It was a big confidence boost for our club. Hopefully we'll get confidence out of our next game."
The Capitals practised at their rink on Saturday before heading back to New York.
"You never want to take longer than you need to. It just eliminates the rest that you can get further on," Capitals forward Troy Brouwer said. "You give the other team life, thinking that they're able to come back in the series.
"You've got to have that killer instinct."
This one has been tight throughout as every game -- except for Washington's 3-1 win in the opener -- has been decided by one goal.
"The atmosphere is unbelievable," Capitals captain Alex Ovechkin said Saturday of playing at Madison Square Garden. "We just have to control our emotions and don't take lots of penalties because we give them chances when they play 5-on-4.
"We just have to be disciplined and stay the same way."
A penalty turned the tide in Game 5. New York forward Brian Boyle was called for a retaliation penalty in the second period as the Rangers were protecting a 1-0 lead.
The Capitals' potent power play took advantage to tie it. It stayed even until Mike Ribeiro won it at 9:24 of overtime with his first goal of the series.
-- The Associated Press


text:
DADE CITY, Fla.—The Saint Leo University baseball team spent Thursday afternoon at nearby Dade City Little League with 19 local coaches going over some of the fundamentals to teaching the game of baseball.
Head Baseball Coach Sean O'Connor, Assistant Coach Lee Parks, and a handful of players covered the topics of proper throwing mechanics, pitching, hitting, catching, outfield play, as well as practice organization.
"It is great to get out and meet the coaches that are developing our young players in the Pasco County area," O'Connor said. "It is good for our players to go out and teach the game to others. It makes them appreciate the gift that they have. It was a lot of fun and the coaches were asking very good questions. I hope they enjoyed it as much as we did."
The Lions get back on the field this weekend when they welcome Columbus State to Thomas B. Southard Stadium for a three-game series.
For more on the Saint Leo baseball team be sure to 'like' us on Facebook, here!


text:
"when the door opens, does it open wider than the unit itself, or just to the edge of the cabinet?"
Looks great with lots of storage and was fairly easy to put together...
Black & Decker Multipurpose Wide Storage Cabinetby Black & Decker
ITEM#: 13681419Complement your home or office decor with this Black and Decker wide multipurpose alder storage cabinet with frosted panel doors. This storage cabinet features that include three adjustable and two fixed shelves.
- Manufacturer: Black and Decker
- Materials: Engineered wood with high quality laminate, and metal hardware
- Finish: Alder laminate
- Hardware finish: Chrome
- Wide storage cabinet with frosted doors
- Dimensions: 72.25 inches high x 35.625 inches wide x 16 inches deep
Assembly required
|Assembled, Assembly Required
|Organizer Type
|Cabinet Organizer
|See Details
|1 year Limited Manufacturer
|Model Number
|Country of Origin
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Customer Reviews
Most Recent
Looks great with lots of storage and was fairly easy to put togetherRead More
Don't be fooled by good reviews!
Bought this at a big box chain store home improvement store for same low price a few years ago. Same manufacturer, color, dimensions (quite deep, a large man can easily play hide and seek with the little ones :) before the shelves go in). Picture shown is not accurate for depth of cabinet; Overstock should retake picture for accuracy. Anyway, we use it for extra towels and bulk toiletries in our laundry room. Comes with two shelves, but could use another in large space below. I put large (about 3 foot tall, inexpensive plastic three-drawer) storage unit to fill in space with 36-pack of bathroom tissue next to it... yes, there's that much space on floor inside. I must agree with other reviews that say the cabinet is flimsy, with alignment issue; screws do not hold well, so I installed heftier ones. Backing is substandard particleboard with cardboard strength, faced with vinyl. Shelves bow when heavy items (a case of pork and beans!) placed on shelf, so I would recommend lighter items like a tall stack of towels to store. Doors stay shut with a tension hinge (has a little spring to it) but they are out of alignment from light-duty use (maybe twice a day). White translucent corrugated plastic full-length panels allow light in, but these scratch very easily! I have various grades of furniture in my home (from big-ticket and well made, to roadside and auction house antique, to hand-me-down), so I speak from fifty years of experience when I say this cabinet is good enough for the laundry room where no one needs to appreciate it, but I would NOT buy this again.Read More
Terrible Product
This product should be avoided at all costs, unless you have two hours and two good friends to help you assemble this 100-piece product. Just don't read the outside of the box that proclaims it to be "easy to assemble." I gave away both cabinets to Habitat for Humanity as a donation. .Read More
Affordable but bad quality
Item was well packed and easy to assemble. Price is reasonable but quality is not so great. Not sure how long it would last.Read More
damaged parts, poor directions
instructions were very poor, damaged parts, after assemble was completed item did not look good doors line up off center, no instructions on how to fix it.Read More
Most Helpful
Not as nice as I expected.
This was not difficult to put together. However, it is not as nice as I expected for the cost. It is a bit rickety, with cardboard for the backing, and not as stable as I would have expected. There is no door latch. I am somewhat disappointed, but it will still be used. However, I would not purchase it again.Read More
This was a disaster
This cabinet came damaged. The straps they put on to ship cut into the cabinet pieces and big chunks fell out. There was no way to repair them. My husband laid out the pieces to assemble and found all the damage, plus the pre-drilled screw holes were not in some pieces. A couple pieces just broke in half. The particle board disintegrated. We had a heck of a time repacking it to return. I have had other particle board furniture that was fine, but none like this. I am surprised at the lack of quality considering the manufacturer. All in all this has been a total disaster.Read More
storage cabinet
I was disappointed with this product because it was very flimsy, and in the beginning process of assembly, if you attempt to move it it just cracks apart. I would not order one again. The package it came in was wrapped great,Read More
It is extremely heavy and bulky when it arrives, it took me a while to get it into my apartment (even with help!). It felt cheap when I put it together... kind of flimsy.Read More
Flimsy Doors and Wobbly but Looks Nice
This is bigger than appears on the photo. It is much deeper (the photo makes it look less deep) which is a good thing because it was my only concern. I am using this item for a pantry and the white screen doors do very well to conceal what is inside but they are a little on the cheap side. Assembly of this unit is a little haphazard albeit very easy. The screws provided strip VERY easily especially the long 5" ones that go into the tops and bottoms of each door panel and therefore can made the doors loose and uneven when they are attached to the cabinet. Please either use better screws or be very careful how you screw them in. The cabinet itself is a good size, tall, hefty but has the tendency to tip so be very careful. There is a back piece that is cardboard which is nailed to the back and it is really cheap looking but at least it goes on the backside where it won't be seen too much with all the stuff that is actually in the cabinet. This piece looks nice once it's finished but needs extra reinforcing. I found the door hinges VERY easy to attach and they are also easy to adjust. I would not pay $$$ for this again. Maybe $99.Read More
Questions & Answers
Hello tahitigal, This storage cabinet is beautiful! When the doors open, they are as wide as the unit. I hope this helps. Thanks for shopping with us.
"what is the weight capacity for each shelf?"
Each shelf can hold 50lbs. Have a great day.
I'd say about 40 lbs.
"What is the weight of the cabinet?"
The weight of the item is 103.0 pounds.
"Are the panels frosted glass?"
The item is laminate frosted panel doors.
"Which shelves are fixed? Thank You."
The three top shelves are adjustable, and the two bottom shelves are fixed.
"does it come in a light cherry tint?"
No this does not come in a cherry tint, however if you are interested we have item number 13681420 Black & Decker Multipurpose 72-inch Storage Cabinet, which is similar.
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MN Attorney General Makes Recommendations For Drug Prescription Changes
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