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Hello everyone, this is my first post here. This is a wonderful place for non techies like me to ask web business matters.
I am in the process of contracting a website developer/designer team to make a website for me. So far a friend (who is a web developer) has made the initial contacts. Now its time for me to finalize the matter. Before I do so I would like to know what sort of contract should I have with this gentleman. What clauses are essential for me to incorporate into the contract--performance clauses, payment, design/development flaws, after sales support to ensure the site performs after handing over.
Who is responsible if there are flaws in the website, how do I verify that the website is functioning.
I know I'm asking for everything, but essentially I want to know what binds us into a proper contract.This is my first website and thus its my first step.Also I need the website to be SEO friendly. What do i have to ask the developer do so that he designs and develops accordingly.
Have you had a search around the forums yet? There is a lot of info about contracts here and all your general questions will already have been covered, so perhaps you'll get better responses here if you have a read around and come back with some more specific questions?
Also I need the website to be SEO friendly. What do i have to ask the developer do so that he designs and develops accordingly.
Define what you consider 'SEO friendly' to be and ask the developer if he is able to make the site adhere to your definition. If so, get it put in the contract.
Also, remember most developers will already have their own contract, so normally a client will negotiate new terms or changes from that document. I think many developers will be somewhat cautious of any client bearing contracts upon them
You asked a lot of good questions already. The answers are important to you but understand that if they are missing, you will still likely have a binding contract. Once you get beyond the bare essential terms (such as price and a general description of the services), there will be enough to bind you to make the payment. That is why it is important for you to make sure that your expectations are spelled out.
Most contracts for website development are prepared by the developer and are very good at protecting the developer. They often fail, however, to adequately spell out things from the client's viewpoint. That is up to you.
As suggested by shadowbox, there are some very good threads about website development contracts on this forum. Many discussions are about what the developer should watch for, so you may have to dig a little deeper to find ones that discuss the contract from the client's perspective, but those discussions are here.
I would expect the developer to send a contract, and once they do you'll have an idea of what terms/conditions they are asking you to agree to. Then you can consider the details as they pertain to your own situation. Trying to determine every factor that 'should' be in a contract seems less useful than just reacting to what is given to you by the developer.
Also, you need to consider the total liability and damages that this engagement will bring to you. If you are talking about a $1000 website that isn't handling sensitive information or doing financial transactions (or any other risky thing) then maybe you don't need to worry about all of this so much.
Never thought about how to define SEO friendly. I assumed that a website would/could be made optimized for SEO.
Yes that is what I've discovered, that the client's perspective is missing on most discussions. Although even the web developers perspective does shed some light, but clearly not enough. I'll dive a little deeper and see what I come across. Thanks.
Sage, Ive seen some of your posts while I've been romancing the forum as a guest. You do have an interesting outlook that is business oriented.In my case, This website is a dinosaur idea (its extinct, not big). The only reason why I'm doing it is that I want to have a small entry and develop my learning curve, with something that doesn't harm me, hopefully.That being said, there will be no financial transactions. The most sensitive data is going to be emails of registered members on the site. The only thing that I'm worried about is I want a professional website, a backup service if the website has glitches. The ability to expand the website with newer functions later. In short a proper experience for the few or many people who sign up. That is why I'm fretting a lil bit.
The website is (ok I'm embarrassed to admit this, but what the heck) a classified ads website. Like I said, no big shakes. The developer wants to develop in Joomla. Is that ok to use for this sort of site. Particularly if it grows big.
Yes, but everyone's definition of 'search engine friendly' will vary. Many developers will class this as 'I've used valid HTML, added some basic meta and title tags and made a site map - job done'.
Some clients may actually (for a common example) be expecting to receive a specific search engine positioning as a result of it. SEO is a very all encompassing term, and I've found many clients really do think their web developer is going to somehow magically propel their site to the top of the rankings within a few days of the site going live I'm not saying that's what you expect, but it's important that you both define, in writing, exactly what SEO friendly means. Utlimately, there is only so much SEO a developer can do, and typically it's about 'setting up' the site to be more friendly and perhaps having easy ways for the client (and any third parties they hire) to add specific SEO stuff like tags, keyword urls etc at a later date.
Thank you shadow. I understand that SEO is a separate function. I only expect my developer to setup the website in a manner so that SEO will and can be optimised later by the person engaged to do SEO.So in order to get my meaning across what should I take care off with the developer to get across this point from your reply:but it's important that you both define, in writing, exactly what SEO friendly means.
PS: still can't find a thread talking about contract from client perspective. We do need more non-techs like myself aboard
What did you mean by this, exactly? If your goal is to learn, you might be better off building it yourself than hiring it out!
I'm interested in learning the business part of the equation. I'm not a programmer and that is likely to be difficult for me to understand how to build a website. I am instead trying to learn how an internet business works, what do people want from the net, how do I manage a website etc. I don't know if I am right or wrong, but one thing I am not is a programmer.
You might just be better off buying a $200 start-up website from Flippa.com and using that to play around and make your mistakes. Probably cheaper than building from scratch.
Thank you Matt. This thread has given me a lot to think about in how I should approach things.Let me see how I go.


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A Girl and Her Pup (Hardcover Edition)
One year in the life of a girl and her pup
de Matt Connors
Acerca del libro
Sometimes creative projects occur to us as an after thought and then things take on a life of their own. So it was with A Girl and Her Pup. I never intended for the first few images of my youngest daughter and Monty, our new puppy, to morph into a series, but it felt like a good thing.
It turns out it was. I had a lot of fun creating the series and stretching my creativity. I have also received many compliments and lots of enthusiasm for the series from readers. Thank you.
Características y detalles
- Categoría Arte y fotografía
Apaisado estándar, 25×20 cm
54 Páginas
- Fecha de publicación oct. 31, 2012
- Etiquetas photography, daughter, girl, love, pets, dog, puppy, friends, family
Acerca del creador
I have a passion for portraiture and storytelling through images. With my work, I attempt to reveal the authentic nature of my subjects. I want to express the excitement I feel for simple moments and everyday events in life; to share the ordinary and common from my individual perspective. Â I hope that my images resonate with the viewer, that I can elicit old memories or preserve new ones.
Inicia sesión o crea una cuenta para publicar un comentario.

subset: commoncrawl


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THE temporary principal of troubled St Aldhelm's Academy has pledged to turn things around for its hundreds of pupils.
Monica Cross is determined to raise the aspirations of the children and to ensure the curriculum gives them every chance of success.
"I know what I'm doing because I have done this before" she said. "Every school goes through a bit of upheaval when a principal leaves but we are going to move on smoothly."
Mrs Cross stepped in as interim principal following the shock departure of Cheryl Heron on Monday.
She said she will be in post until a permanent principal is appointed but has no idea when that will be.
Ms Heron became principal when the old Rossmore Community College was replaced by St Aldhelm's in 2010.
Despite her promises to make rapid improvements to the failing college, just a year later they posted the worst GCSE results in the country with just three per cent of pupils reaching the national benchmark standard of at least five GCSEs at grades A* to C, including English and maths.
Only last month it was revealed that the academy has been the victim of a £1million scam.
Mrs Cross said it was "entirely Cheryl's decision to leave when she did."
She added: "Running an academy is not an easy thing, even for an experienced head. Setting up a new school and moving into a new building is very time-consuming and stressful.
"Anybody that leaves before the end of the academic year has their own personal reasons and must be feeling a great deal of stress."
She said the academy has placed great emphasis on vocational qualifications in recent years but will now focus more on academic subjects due to government changes.
It is currently sponsored by Bournemouth University and the Diocese of Salisbury but the government is considering proposals to make it part of a bigger group of academies, also operated by the Diocese of Salisbury.
Mrs Cross said: "It is becoming increasingly obvious across the country that stand alone academies are not as successful as those that are grouped."
She was the principal of a London Academy and has since been involved in Portland's Aldridge Community Academy Trust in an advisory role.


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Assessment |
Biopsychology |
Comparative |
Cognitive |
Developmental |
Language |
Individual differences |
Personality |
Philosophy |
Social |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Developmental Psychology: Cognitive development · Development of the self · Emotional development · Language development · Moral development · Perceptual development · Personality development · Psychosocial development · Social development · Developmental measures
The Apgar score was devised in 1952 by Virginia Apgar as a simple and repeatable method to quickly and summarily assess the health of newborn children immediately after childbirth.
The Apgar score is determined by evaluating the newborn baby on five simple criteria on a scale from zero to two and summing up the five values thus obtained. The resulting Apgar score ranges from zero to 10. The five criteria were used as a mnemonic learning aid.
|Score of 0
|Score of 1
|Score of 2
|Skin color
|blue all over
|blue at extremities
|Heart rate
|Reflex irritability
|no response
to stimulation
|grimace/feeble cry
when stimulated
|sneeze/cough/pulls away
when stimulated
|Muscle tone
|some flexion
|active movement
|weak or irregular
Interpretation of scoresEdit
The test is generally done at one and five minutes after birth, and may be repeated later if the score is, and remains, low. Scores below 3 are generally regarded as critically low, with 4 to 7 fairly low and over 7 generally normal.
Low scores at the one minute test may require medical attention, but are not an indication of longer term problems, particularly if there is an improvement by the stage of the five minute test. If the Apgar score remains below 3 at later times such as 10, 15, or 30 minutes, there is a risk that the child will suffer longer term neurological damage. There is also a small but significant increase in the risk of cerebral palsy. However, the purpose of the Apgar test is to determine quickly whether a newborn needs immediate medical care; it was not designed to make long-term predictions on a child's health.
Some ten years after the initial publication, the acronym APGAR was coined in the US as a mnemonic learning aid: Appearance (skin color), Pulse (heart rate), Grimace (reflex irritability), Activity (muscle tone), and Respiration. The mnemonic was introduced in 1963 by the pediatrician Dr. Joseph Butterfield. The same acronym is used in German (Atmung, Puls, Grundtonus, Aussehen, Reflexe), although the letters have different meanings. In Spanish it has the same meaning (Apariencia, Pulso, Gesticulación, Actividad, Respiración)
Another such backformation attempting to make Apgar an acronym is American Pediatric Gross Assessment Record. The test, however, is named for Dr. Apgar.
- Apgar, Virginia. A proposal for a new method of evaluation of the newborn infant, Curr. Res. Anesth. Analg. 1953;32, pp. 260–267. PMID 13083014
- Finster M, Wood M.The Apgar score has survived the test of time. Anesthesiology. 2005 Apr;102(4):855-7. PMID 15791116
- Casey BM, McIntire DD, Leveno KJ. The continuing value of the Apgar score for the assessment of newborn infants. N Engl J Med. 2001 Feb 15;344(7):467-71. PMID 11172187
See alsoEdit
es:Apgar fr:Score d'Apgar he:מבחן אפגארnl:Apgar-score nn:Apgar skårpt:Escala de Apgar ru:Шкала Апгар
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).


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ST. PETERSBURG, Fla. - The sixth-ranked Saint Leo University women's soccer team kept their undefeated record intact with a 2-1 victory over Eckerd College on Thursday evening in St. Petersburg, Fla. The Lions pick up their second conference win, and advance to a record of 9-0, 2-0 SSC, while the Tritons drop to 3-7, and 0-3 in Sunshine State Conference action.
Sam Buterbaugh tallied the game-winning goal, thanks to an assist from Dari Alcantara in the 67th minute of play.
Eckerd found themselves on the scoreboard first thanks to a throw-in from the sideline that found its way into an overcrowded box and in between the posts in the 27th minute. But the Lions didn't back down, finding their own place on the panel when Jasmine Johnson placed the ball right on the outside of the box for Cassie Barbaresi to hammer a shot between the posts for the equalizer in the 36th minute.
At the half, with the score knotted at one apiece, Saint Leo led the shot count 10-3. Eckerd held the advantage in corner kicks, 2-1, but had committed more fouls in the first stanza, 6-3.
The Lions set the record straight in the second stanza, earning the game-winning goal in the 67th minute with a goal from Sam Buterbaugh off of an assist from Dari Alcantara.
Saint Leo led the overall shot count, 16-9, and held the advantage on corners, 3-2. Thanks to five saves from Laura Carstens, and one earned team save from the Green and Gold, the Lions were able to pull in their ninth-consecutive victory, and remain undefeated on the season.
The nationally-ranked Saint Leo women's soccer team returns to action on Sunday, October 2, when they host Lynn University in Sunshine State Conference action. Kickoff against the Fighting Knights is set for 4 p.m. at University Field. For the latest news, updates, and information on the Saint Leo women's soccer team, visit the Lions' home on the web at SaintLeoLions.com.


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It is hard to know sometimes whether Simon Hughes is playing a fiendishly complex strategic game in order to leverage anti-Tory forces within his own Liberal Democrat party and thus enhance his own reputation. Or whether he just can't resist saying controversial things.
So it was with the VAT rise. Tuition fees. And with council housing. And now Mr Hughes (deputy leader the Lib Dems) is insisting that there will be no electoral pact between his party and the Tories come the next general election. (This is in contrast to Tories such as backbencher Mark Field, who has proposed a non-aggression agreement). Read more


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A THREE-YEAR-OLD girl died on her first day at York College nursery because a member of staff left her unsupervised for 20 minutes and the management had a "tick box" approach to health and safety, a court has been told.
Jurors saw a video of Lydia Bishop running towards a slide that the prosecution claim staff, including Sophee Redhead, knew was potentially dangerous because it had a rope attached to it.
Robert Smith QC, prosecuting, said the video showed she lay fatally trapped in the nursery's garden for nearly 20 minutes before staff realised she was missing.
He said: "At that point, Sophee Redhead ran in panic to the slide and found Lydia on the slide with the rope coiled round her neck. She was carried into the nursery. She was not breathing and she was blue".
Despite resuscitation efforts by staff, paramedics and at York Hospital's accident and emergency unit, she was declared dead later that afternoon.
Quoting medical opinion, the barrister said: "It was likely Lydia would have recovered fully if she had been found within a few minutes.
He claimed Redhead, a qualified child care professional, had been "grossly negligent" because she had seen Lydia going towards the slide and had not followed her despite a nursery ban on children playing on the slide unsupervised.
She had told police she had been sitting at a picnic table in the garden and had seen Lydia going towards the slide a few minutes before the search started.
He alleged the college had a "tick box" approach to health and safety. Its paperwork was of a "very high standard", but it did not ensure sensible procedures were followed by its staff and had allowed dangerous practices to continue for weeks, possibly months, at the nursery.
Redhead, 25, of Wenham Road in Foxwood, denies the manslaughter of Lydia by gross negligence and an alternative charge of failure to ensure her safety on September 17 2012. York College denies failure to ensure the safety of children at the nursery between August 1 and September 18, 2012.
The jury will visit the nursery today before hearing evidence at Leeds Crown Court.
Opening the prosecution, Mr Smith said Lydia's mother Rebecca Dick was a student at the college and that the daughter was one of 15 older children being supervised by three staff on September 17.
He alleged children were free to play in the garden and that a "makeshift" barrier of garden furniture was insufficient to stop children going to the slide.
He showed the jury CCTV he alleges shows children other than Lydia going past the barrier earlier on September 17.
He claimed a risk assessment of the slide rated the chances of children being entangled in the rope as "extremely unlikely". The assessment said the ropes should be removed when not in use and could only be used under supervision.
But, he alleged, the rope had been left on the slide and despite police inquiries the person who attached it was " unknown".
Mum-of-one Redhead had been employed by the nursery since it opened in 2007. Her statement, read out to court, said that she had seen Lydia playing in a sandpit before walking towards the area of the slide.
She described sitting on the slide with a child who was crying, and after about "three to five minutes", another nursery worker calling her to say Lydia had not had her snack.
"I started walking towards the slide," her statement said.
"I called for Lydia to come and get her snack. I could see something on the slide, but didn't realise what it was.
"I could see something white, but didn't realise it was a pair of trousers. As I got a little bit closer I could see it was Lydia on the slide. I could see her wellies and knew something was wrong.
"Her head was about six inches from the top of the slide. As I got to the slide I could see that a loop of rope was round her neck."
Mr Smith said the college had "fundamental flaws" where they had risk assessments of a "high standard".
The trial continues.


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power flip flops
Product Code:
Make your day by the beach even more fun with the Havaianas Power Flip Flops for men. They feature an extra soft rice grain textured cushioned footbed for incredible comfort. Perforated thong style straps help get rid of excess water. A comfortable, durable, lightweight, slip, heat and water-resistant rubber sole with a brick pattern adds to its masculine styling.
- Authentic Brazilian design
- Extra soft textured cushioned footbed
- Perforated thong style straps get rid of excess water
- Comfortable, light and durable rubber sole with a brick pattern
- Slip, heat and water-resistant
You can return your items for free within 14 days of purchase. Returns numbers must be requested within 7 days of receiving your order and you will have a further 7 days to return unsuitable items. For more information please refer to our Returns Policy page. We deliver straight to your doorstep across the UAE and GCC; if you require further information please refer to our Shipping Policy page.
If you need any assistance please use our chat.


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Boot Barn Item #: 2008260
Color: Click a button belowcolor
size: Click a button below Size Chartsize
- 100% cotton
- Long sleeves
- Rosette print
- Button down placket
- Left front pocket with Cinch embroidered logo
- Button down collar
- Adjustable button cuffs
- Machine wash cold
Get ready to take on your day in style and comfort with Cinch. This Rosette Western shirt is made with 100% cotton and will stay comfortable against your skin no matter what you're doing. It features the classic styling such as the button down placket, left front pocket with embroidery, straight back yoke, and button down collar. Pair with dark denim and cowboy boots for a great western outfit!
Style(s): MTW1103601
Lifestyle: Western
Lining: 100
Material: Cotton
Color: Green
Closure: Button
Print Since 1996, the Cinch Clothing brand has been creating quality jeans and shirts for the western guys. Guys that need great jeans and shirts for rodeos and riding. Some of the best athletes from rodeo, bull riding and equine love Cinch Clothing and Cinch Jeans because of the quality fit and the western look. Now Cinch Jeans are known as some of the best fitting premium western jeans in the market. Their shirts are no slouches either when it comes to quality and fit. Whether it's fashion basics or premium styles, the designs and reputation of Cinch Jeans make them the number one choice for those who live their lives in the arena. They aren't bad for those who just want a great pair of western jeans too. "Cinch is made for the man who lives his life in denim" -Cinch Cinch Clothing keeps the traditional western looks and values alive. For years, Cinch shirts and jeans have become the standard western basics that customers have come to count on. Whether you need clothes for the rodeo or just for relaxing Cinch Clothing's got you covered. They range from collared shirts with short sleeves or long sleeves to real comfortable Cinch Jeans. The Cinch brand puts fit and styling first so you are sure to love your new Cinch Jeans. Find a huge selection at bootbarn.com and get yours today!


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Precinct 6 - Towson
Precinct 6 - Towson
Read news updates from Precinct 6 - Towson.
Keyword: 21204fourth degree burglary
Unable to find the requested Post
RSS FeedClick to subscribe
Explore Precinct 6
Find complete information on this precinct, including contact information, community announcements and more.
Revised September 28, 2016


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Discussion of the nature of Ultimate Reality and the path to Enlightenment
Beingof1 wrote:They found a way - 1 million gallons of oil flowing into the Gulf a day.
Pause and think about what pressurized oil becomes - plastic.
What does plastic smell like when burnt?
Is it toxic?
Will it effect the globe?
It is time to realize consciousness NOW.
Beingof1 wrote:Will it effect the globe?
Beingof1 wrote:It is time to realize consciousness NOW.
Yes, it'll be interesting to see what effects the coming hurricane season will do to this unfolding disaster.
It seems that the oil has already gotten into the Gulf Stream. If enough of it gets into the oceanic conveyor belt and doesn't fall back out along the way, there might be a concern of the oil stopping up the North Atlantic pump.
There were already concerns about that pump stopping if too much fresh water got in there from ice melt though.
The Gulf Stream could bring a lot of the pollution to Norwegian waters - which are currently known for having the cleanest fish, and being the source for pharmaceutical grade fish oil.
Beingof1:It is time to realize consciousness NOW.
Is it? What for? Isn't it too late?
Beingof1 wrote:Most, when playing the lottery, hope the numbers on there ticket matches the numbers drawn. Instead, conform the world to your ticket, follow?
It seems more probable to be able to conform the ticket to the world that is not yet... especially if there are many capable people trying to conform the one world to their multiple tickets... but yeah, I think I follow, and coming from you, I believe - even without those cursed rose-colored glasses that I have shattered in the last year. Thank you.
Kunga wrote:Is this the truth ?
http://www.educate-yourself.org/nwo/ill ... un02.shtml
Beingof1 wrote:Tomas
That is not all, they are attempting to poison the air, food, and water. Really twisted but this is a result of the brainwashing on a massive scale and consciousness gives without restraint the desire of will projected into experience.
Until we can transcend the primacy of win/lose, the world will continue to kill off the undesirables.
May 5, 2010 ... WWF-Australia is asking the Australian government why its response effort to the Montara oil spill was so weak
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Brad Pitt at Guitar Center in LA With Maddox Pictures
Brad Pitt Jumps Into a Guys' Day at the Guitar Center With Maddox
Brad Pitt and his son Maddox stopped by the Guitar Center in LA yesterday. Brad was decked out in a black jumpsuit while Maddox wore a shark logo shirt. It was a dressed down day for Brad after he stepped out at the Academy Awards in a tux on Sunday. He and Angelina Jolie looked glamorous as they posed for photos alongside Brad's parents, Bill and Jane, who also attended. Angelina and Jane followed up their red carpet night with a fun day with twins Vivienne and Knox on Monday.
The Jolie-Pitts are staying on the West Coast for the next few days since Brad is participating in a reading of the play 8, about Prop 8, alongside pal George Clooney on Saturday. Other actors who will be part of the event include Matthew Morrison, Matt Bomer, Kevin Bacon, and Jesse Tyler Ferguson. You can watch the show on YouTube this Saturday at 7:45 p.m. PST.


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Get More Entertainment with Charter TV® in Saint Louis
It's time to get the most value from your entertainment dollar while watching your favorite shows, movies, and sporting events. If you're one of the 75% of homeowners in Saint Louis with at least 1 HDTV, then it's time to switch to Charter Cable and get HD programming delivered to your living room. Charter TV® deals bring you:
- Movies, shows, and sports in HD
- Special offers for Saint Louis residents
- The option to rewind and watch your favorite scenes
- The ability to fast forward through commercials
If you want to feel like you're right in the center of all the sports action, choose Charter Cable for the best in sports programming. Catch a previous episode, start a new series, or watch the big game. Charter Cable makes sure you never miss a moment of the entertainment you love. It's time to watch TV how it's meant to be seen—with amazing HD quality.


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- Home /
- Make Today /
- Dessert Recipes /
- National Chocolate Cake Day: 1...
National Chocolate Cake Day: 10 Sinfully Sweet Recipes
At Celebrations.com, we are huge fans of anything that comes in the form of cake. Add some serious amounts of chocolate and we're all over it!
At Celebrations.com, we are huge fans of anything that comes in the form of cake. Add some serious amounts of chocolate and we're all over it!
January 27th is National Chocolate Cake Day, so why not celebrate with our top 10 sinfully sweet desserts!
No Time to Bake? Celebrate With These Ready-To-Enjoy Sweet Treats:
Dark Chocolate + Coconut Trinidad Cheesecake from Fannie May
Miss Grace Chocolate Fudge Cake from Cheryl's
The Ultimate Chocolate Cake from Harry & David
This Toasted Marshmallow Hot Fudge Cake from Kristan of Confessions of a Cookbook Queen is the perfect ooey gooey way to celebrate National Chocolate Cake Day! Topped with hot fudge and marshmallow creme, you won't be able to stop at just one slice.
Shumaila of Experiements of a Housewife was not kidding when she dubbed this recipe the most dangerous chocolate cake ever. This 5 minute mug cake is loaded with Nutella and a dash of espresso powder.
Who doesn't love a good Devil's Food cupcake? Gloria of The Ginger Snap Girl whipped up these sinful treats with a fluffy Angel frosting that will surely cure your chocolate craving!
This Chocolate Mocha Cake With Raspberry Cream Filling by Valerie of une Gamine dans la Cuisine encompasses the decadance of a true chocolate dessert paired perfectly with a sweet raspberry filling and a chocolate marshmallow cream frosting!
Next time you are making a chocolate cake, why not incorporate fresh strawberries into your buttercream frosting! Krissy of Krissy's Creations loads up her frosting with strawberries for a fruity bite!
Chocolate, coconut and cream are three ingredients we love to see together. This Chocolate Coconut Cake may be vegan, but it certainly does not lack in flavor or texture! Molly of Eat, Run, Read makes it with coconut cream cheese frosting and tops it all off with a layer of toasted coconut!
Tracy of shutterbean suggests putting "EAT MORE CHOCOLATE" on your New Year's resolution list and we couldn't agree more! This Chocolate Sour Cream Bundt Cake is the perfect dense, chocolatey dessert. Cover it with a bittersweet chocolate glaze and prepare to enter chocolate heaven.
If you're looking for a healthy twist on your favorite cake, try this Chocolate Beet Cake with Beet Cream Cheese Frosting by Joy of Joy the Baker! Don't let all the beet talk make you shy. This cake is moist and has just the right amount of sweetness!
These 2-Ingredient Chocolate Pumpkin Mini Cakes by Jennifer of Savoring the Thyme are made with chocolate cake and pumpkin puree. The recipe makes it easy for kids to help in the kitchen and they are the perfect delectable dessert bites!
This seriously looks like the cake of my dreams. Heather of Sprinkles Bakes combines homemade crepes and chocolate amaretto filling to make the ultimate chocolate cake!
See how Dawn Sandomeno and Elizabeth Mascali elevate the every day with their fantastic recipes and ideas!Read More »


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20 Healthy Easter Side Dishesby Toby Amidor in Healthy Holidays, Healthy Recipes, March 28, 2013
With a bounty of bright spring vegetables popping up in markets and gardens, there's plenty of fresh produce available to make delicious and eye-appealing veggies to serve at your Easter feast.
Sweet or white potatoes are both bursting with nutritional goodness including vitamin C. Mash them, top with cheese or roast. The possibilities are endless.
- Provencal Potato Gratin
- Light Scalloped Potatoes With Roasted Chiles
- Roasted Sweet Potatoes With Honey and Cinnamon
- Oven Roasted Red Potatoes With Rosemary and Garlic
- Fennel Potatoes
Spring Veggies
Let your table shine with the gorgeous spring veggie colors: green, red, orange, and white; these recipes are all packed with plenty of vitamins and minerals.
- Asparagus and Tomato Skewers With Honey Mustard Horseradish
- Healthy Roast Asparagus With Creamy Almond Vinaigrette
- Honey Glazed Carrots
- Glazed Radishes
- Sugar Snap Peas With Leeks and Pancetta
- Snap Pea Salad With Tarragon and Fennel
- Broccolini With Hard Boiled Egg
- Steamed Artichokes
- Jewel Roasted Vegetables
Delicious Greens
Don't forget your greens like Swiss chard, spinach, kale, bok choy, collards and escarole.
- Wilted Greens With Ricotta Salata
- Braised Kale With Toasted Almonds
- Healthy Spicy Steamed Baby Bok Choy
- Collard Greens
- Sautéed Wild Mushrooms with Spinach
- Escarole With Pancetta
Toby Amidor, MS, RD, CDN, is a registered dietitian and consultant who specializes in food safety and culinary nutrition. See Toby's full bio »


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Ship phasers? Disambig?Edit
We don't have a page on ship phasers yet, but when we do, this page should be used as either a disambiguation page, or an article on both (which would be logical, considering they are both build on the same principal, one just being a bit larger). -- Redge 10:36, 22 Jun 2004 (CEST)
- Do you think it's really necessary to distinguish them? They have the same operating principles. I think it's fine as just one page. -- McC 01:00, 23 Feb 2005 (GMT)
This page is in serious need of sources if it wishes to remain intact. --Gvsualan 02:24, 25 Feb 2005 (GMT)
- very exostensial thought, the page itself wishing to remain intact??? lol – The preceding unsigned comment was added by KetracelWhiteJunkie (talk • contribs).
Removing textEdit
I'm deleting the part at the end that says stuff vaporized in TOS because they didn't have enough budget. This is pure speculation and I'm sick of people trying to decanonize TOS as a whole because it doesn't look that pretty. -- Mark 2000
Heating metalEdit
"That Which Survives" establishes that the 23rd century Federation phaser could heat metal to maximum temperature of 8000 degrees Centigrade. This definitely belongs in this article. 126.96.36.199 03:32, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
- However, that statement does not tell much since different metals have different heat capacities, meaning that the same amount of energy used causes different rises in temperature. Furthermore, that's a rather odd statement considering that the vast majority of metals, if not all of them, (at least those we know today) would be in gaseous form at 8000 degrees Centigrade.--Timo Takalo 23:07, 13 Sep 2005 (UTC)
8000 celsius is equal to 14,432.00 fahrenheit
8000 celsius is equal to 08,273.15 kelvin
8000 celsius is equal to 14,891.67 rankine
--22.214.171.124 23:21, July 18, 2011 (UTC)
Phaser Turret Schematic in TOS "Space Seed" Edit
Just wanted to pop in and comment on the first note at the bottom of the article to say that there's at least one episode of TOS besides "The Trouble With Tribbles" where an image of a phaser emitter is seen, and that's in "Space Seed." It's at the point where Khan is in Sickbay and reading schematics and texts for the Enterprise. One of the images is a schematic of the ship's phaser turrets (if I remember correctly, specifically the ones on the saucer section; it's basically a ball turret). It's shown on screen in such a manner that makes it perfect for screen capturing, if I recall.--220.127.116.11 21:01, 8 Jul 2005 (UTC)
- You're mistaken, that diagram in "Space Seed" was something else entirely, something with long lateral lines going across the page, probably some kind of perspective view of somthing. --Atrahasis 00:41, 13 Sep 2005 (UTC)
- ok, i may be misunderstanding the topic, but you see a live action shot of a phaser emiter on ds9 when the cardies try to take it back, the up close shot consists of torpedo turrets taking aim and the phaser turrets right beside them. – The preceding unsigned comment was added by KetracelWhiteJunkie (talk • contribs).
Two Points Edit
There definitely needs to be a picture in this article. If I knew where to get the images, I would add one myself -- but phasers were a standard prop in the two series I watched, TOS and TNG. I'm amazed no one has yet added an image.
- Since early times, Human beings have endeavored to create less lethal weapons.
That's a nice sentiment, but it seems to me the opposite is true. Is there some reason for this inaccurate (and not particularly encyclopedic) sentence? – The preceding unsigned comment was added by 18.104.22.168 (talk).
Alien weapons Edit
I may be at the wrong article (ie: disrupotr, phase weapon, energy weapon, etc.) But should this article have "Alien" sub-headings like Tricorder has? I can think of a number of alien weapons, including the "you-have-to-look-closely-to-see" Vulcan phasers. Because this article seems to be strictly about Starfleet phasers (read first line) - AJHalliwell 13:09, 18 Sep 2005 (UTC)
I think most of the text referring to the use of each setting of the phaser should be backed up with a reference to an episode, if possible. Zsingaya Talk 18:33, 25 Oct 2005 (UTC)
- I believe so as well. At the moment, they all come directly from Star Trek: The Next Generation Technical Manual, which isn't realyl considered a canon source. --From Andoria with Love 19:02, 25 Oct 2005 (UTC)
Phaser-type weapons, as has been mentioned above, have been seen in other races, such as the Vulcans. At the moment, the page only has information about Federation weapons, and only a small section on the ship-mounted weapons. I reckon this page could get really good with a community-effort. Special attention should be paid to the Sidearm settings section, which probably doesn't come from on-screen references. Zsingaya Talk 22:34, 25 Oct 2005 (UTC)
removed info Edit
- When discharged, phasers typically emitt a "bew bew" like sound wave. This wave pattern is due to the transition of tricobolt particles within the particle accelerator between trans-sonic velocities.
I don't think we need a fan-based explanation as to why a phaser goes "bew bew"... --From Andoria with Love 20:10, 27 February 2006 (UTC)
History Edit
I removed the following from "History", as it comes froma novel and is non-canon:
":It seems that the phaser pistol had not come into regular service even in Kirk's time; in the novel The Ashes of Eden, during a simulation, Kirk (as the phaser control operator of the USS Farragut on the surface of the planet) is holding a laser pistol and musing that only the only phasers around are shipboard phaser banks on the USS Farragut. This imples that at that time, shipboard Phaser Banks were installed on the larger starships, but that the hand held versions were not as common."
Roundeyesamurai 03:14, 4 June 2006 (UTC)
Recent Edits Edit
I find myself dissatisfied with the recent edits, removing the power setting information to the "Background" section. As the information is from a permitted resource, and considered reliable unless contradicted, I think it should be returned. Otherwise, an extensive rewrite of the part of the article regarding phaser capabilities seems in order. The article just doesn't look right as it is. Capt Christopher Donovan 07:23, 9 September 2006 (UTC)
- Where is is said that the Tech Manual being a permitted resource? The current content policy states that the Tech Manual, among other books written by production staff, "may be referenced in Trek Universe articles, but should be formatted as background information as described in Memory Alpha's Manual of Style." Where does it say information from those books are allowed to be included in articles? --From Andoria with Love 04:59, 10 September 2006 (UTC)
Galaxy Phasers Edit
Here's some food for thought.
In Star Trek: Generations, Riker ordered a return fire on the renegade Bird of Prey. The Bird of Prey's shields deflected the blast and they were only dealt minor damage. Ok, so what's the deal here? Why couldn't they continue firing phasers, or cause more damage to an old D12 BOP?
Let me go into a bit more detail.
The Enteprise D was able to fire all weapons simultaneously on full against a Hunsnock vessel and a Borg Cube. The phasers even caused significant damage to the Borg Cube at J25, and knocked out the tractor beam in BoBW. It's odd how the Enterprise was only able to get off one phaser shot at a Bird of Prey, not much of a ship, but was able to put up a decent fight against more powerful enemies like the Borg. You don't mean to tell me that the Klingons just scared them to death do you?
Also, in the battle to retake DS9, Galaxy wings 9-1 and 9-3 simply blew by a Cardassian Galor Class taking her down with no more than five phaser bursts. The Galor didn't even appear to have shields, but I'm just guessing that's DS9 effects. The Galor is a much more poweful ship than a Bird of Prey, but it can't take the same damage that a BOP can?
Lets not forget that the USS Oddyssey wasn't able to do much damage to the Jem'Hadar fighters, but in the battle to retake DS9 we can clearly see a Galaxy Class ship eliminating a Dominion ship with ease while the Defiant is being chased by the Jem'Hadar.
I realize the producers had to work with a script, time, and a budget, but with disregard to that can someone explain the large difference in Galaxy phasers between TNG, DS9, and the movies?
--JeanLucPicard1 20:51, 13 September 2006 (UTC)JeanLucPicard1
- There are all sorts of explanations that could be used. Combat readiness of the ship would be a huge one. In Rascals and Generations the ship was dispatched to its mission on a dime and didn't really take the time to make internal reconfigurations and crew placements that would optimize the ships combat capabilities. Compare this to Chain of Command, BOBW, or Yesterday's Enterprise where they obviously went through quite a bit to prepare the ship for battle. Also, in Rascals, Generations, and with the Odyssey, they were caught with their shields down or ineffective. We've seen before that well place hits against unshielded ships can be devastating. IMO, by right the Enterprise should have been destroyed by that BOP's first volley in Generations. The fact that they weren't suggests that other defenses were in place (i.e. SIF, IDF, deflector dish, etc...). At any event, the internal design/configurations and crew/automated operations of the ships phasers are probably extremely complicated and a generic comparison of their use/effectiveness in very different(and mostly unstudied) combat situations probably won't yield any firm conclusions.--Hribar 16:10, 19 May 2009 (UTC)
- The Enterprise fired, then you got a long line of talking (while rocked by weapons fire), after the crew started working on the plan, it switched back the the BoP where one of the Klingons said "Our Shields are holding". That implies the Enterprise was still firing, just off-screen.
- The D-12 Class was retired because of defective Plasma Coils, not defective Shielding. No matter how old a ship is, the Shields don't get weaker with age. – Fadm tyler 15:10, 26 May 2009 (UTC)
Darmok Edit
I bring up another interesting point. In TNG Darmok, the Enterprise fired its phasers from the forward torpedo tube. I know Riker ordered Geordi to reconfigure the phasers to drop the Tamarian field, however, I don't think Geordi was a capable enough engineer or had the right equipment to reconfigure phasers to fire from the torpedo launcher. That would require a major overhaul of weapons systems at a starbase.
--JeanLucPicard1 20:54, 13 September 2006 (UTC)JeanLucPicard1
- While you're above comments regarding phaser use against a BOP raise some good points (and I wish I had answers for you – basically, it's probably a writing error; in canon, it can't really be explained without speculation), the point about Geordi's recalibrating the phasers in "Darmok" is more of a critique or an opinion of an element of the episode, neither of which are really suitable for talk pages. Having said that, Geordi has worked many miracles during his time as chief engineer – just consider this another one. ;-) --From Andoria with Love 21:17, 13 September 2006 (UTC)
Ship Phaser Power Edit
I have looked through just about all the material concerning Phaser, how they work, who has them, and their different sizes, 4-12.
We know that with the re-fit of the NCC1701 to NCC1701A that the "Phaser Bank" which was exhaustible (Doomsday Machine) and needed to be recharaged after use, to a direct feed from the warp-core from Star Trek the movie. However, moving from the MK IV, MKVIII, MK X (array?) and MK XII there is no coralary information as to the lower and upper power ranges of these weapons. I feel as though this needs to be addressed. I don't own any of the manuals or other tech books, so could someone add some kind of reference to this issue.22.214.171.124
- Even if the tech manuals give this information, it can only be included as background information, and not canon. Please read the content and resource policies if you have any questions. --OuroborosCobra talk 17:03, 24 October 2006 (UTC)
- Canonically there are a few statements about phaser power. In "Who Watches the Watchers" Riker considered a 4.2 Gigawatt generator sufficient to power "a small phaser bank". In "The Mind's Eye" Data says a Type 3 phaser rifle was using energy at a rate of "one point oh five megajoules per second". In "A Matter of Time" Geordi cautions that it will be difficult to control the ship's phasers to within 0.06 Terawatts. – The preceding unsigned comment was added by 18.104.22.168 (talk).
Phaser Cannon? Edit
I belive a page addressing Phaser Cannons such as that seen on the USS Enterprise-D in "All Good Things..." should be added! -- Awar 12:57, 24 May 2007 (UTC).
I also belive that this page should also feature an article on Phaser Cannons! -- Awar 12:57, 24 May 2007 (UTC).
Necessary power Edit
I'm not quite sure where this would go, but it definately deserves a mention somewhere:
La Forge: ...a reactor capable of producing 4.2 gigawatts. Riker: Enough to power a small phaser bank, or a subspace relay station, or... La Forge: a hologram generator.
(TNG: "Who Watches The Watchers")
126.96.36.199 21:22, 1 June 2007 (UTC)
TOS ship phasers Edit
There has been something of an inconsistency between ENT: "In a Mirror, Darkly" and the remastered TOS episodes. In IaMD we saw that the USS Defiant had two phaser emitters on the ventral side of the saucer, near the glowing sensor dome, and also two aft phaser emitters, on the starboard and port sides of the aft sensor dome, just above the hangar bay door. In the remastered episodes, however, we can see that forward phaser beams are emitted by the ring around the lower sensor dome, and, unfortunately, we can also see that photon torpedoes are emitted there. This is not a straightforward inconsistency, because the Defiant and Enterprise could have different emitter systems. But this makes it difficult to upgrade the information in this article, and also in the Constitution-class article, with information based on enhanced visual data on the original Constitution class vessels. Any comments on this?--Skon 18:50, 21 October 2007 (UTC)
- Personally, I'd say that the weapons configuration as shown by the original series special effects is more canon than the remastered episodes, as they are the original source material. – The preceding unsigned comment was added by 126.96.36.199 (talk).
Son'a phasers? Edit
Shouldn't there be a section about the yellow-bolt firing phasers seen in Star Trek: Insurrection that the Son'a use?--Blasterman 18:57, 22 February 2008 (UTC)
phaser acronym Edit
You say that the term "Phaser" is an acronym for "phased energy rectification", but I'm sure I read in a Star Trek Technical Manual the term came from "phased energy release". Don Holt
- PHASed Energy Rectification comes from page 123 of the TNG Technical Manual, IIRC. --OuroborosCobra talk 04:35, 15 March 2008 (UTC)
Phaser SettingsEdit
I think the Phaser page needs to have more information regarding phaser settings with episode cites. From TOS, I'm very familiar with "set phasers to stun" and "set phasers to kill." Watching DS9 now, I've become aware that Garak's favorite setting (which fits his pragmatic, decisive nature when it comes to self-preservation) is evidently "vaporize" (can't imagine a Starfleet officer ever giving that as a command). He employs this setting in DS9: "Profit and Loss"--using the Ferengi phaser he took from Quark, evidently--and DS9: "Second Skin"--using a Starfleet phaser Sisko gave him. It certainly avoids the problem of having to hide the body. I'm not familiar enough with the entire ST canon, though, to make this enhancement to the article. Were characters vaporized in TOS (and I've forgotten)? By which side? And in the other series? MultiplePOV 00:56, 2 May 2008 (UTC)
- Just a side note, I believe he was using Cardassian hand phasers in both of those cases. --OuroborosCobra talk 01:18, 2 May 2008 (UTC)
- And they weren't phasers at all, but disruptors, which do seem to default to the "vaporize" setting, and were routinely used by the Cardassians. SwishyGarak 02:04, 2 May 2008 (UTC)
In DS9: "Profit and Loss" Garak takes Quark's weapon from him; then Gul Toran comes along and takes Garak's weapon from him. So it is Quark's weapon that Garak whips out to kill Toran. (He then gives the weapon to Hogue when he sends the dissidents into the airlock.) If something visually tells you that Quark's weapon is a Cardassian disruptor, okay, but otherwise I'd think Quark would have a Ferengi weapon (it's slightly smaller than Garak's). Isn't it phasers that Ferengis use?
In DS9: "Second Skin", Captain Sisko hands Garak (who is unwillingly accompanying the rescue team to Cardassia) a weapon. So unless something visually tells you that Sisko is giving him a Cardassian disruptor, I'd assume it was a Starfleet phaser.MultiplePOV 02:17, 2 May 2008 (UTC)
- All three had the same weapon type in Profit and Loss. --Alan 02:21, 2 May 2008 (UTC)
Interestingly, Entek's backup (a young Obsidian Order operative) has his weapon set to kill, not vaporize. The young dissident falls back with an audible wump (I'm assuming the DS9 crew believed him dead, not stunned, because they don't bother trying to have him beamed up). When Entek makes a little noise pulling out his weapon, Garak whips back and vaporizes him in a nice special effect (not as instantly as Toran in his episode). I'll have to look at the weapon types again in Toran's scene. MultiplePOV 02:29, 2 May 2008 (UTC)
- Ferengis also use disruptors, according to disruptor. And in "Second Skin", Garak didn't use a Starfleet phaser from Sisko to kill Entek, it was a weapon that Odo took from the Cardassian. Kira has the Starfleet weapon. You can see it in a screencap at trekcore.com SwishyGarak 02:31, 2 May 2008 (UTC)
- Also: you can set edits to "preview" - no need to vaporize the database. SwishyGarak 02:34, 2 May 2008 (UTC)
Well, thank you for the information on vaporize. That explains why the Phaser page doesn't mention vaporize. I've got to say, I'm surprised Quark would be so violent--but I guess that if he had to steel himself to shoot someone, he'd want to make sure he got away with it. Does canon say vaporized people leave some trace (for example, just being beamed up leaves some trace--do they call it a "signature"?--for a short while)? But, of course, you'd have to know what area to investigate for the trace. As far as my "vaporizing" the database, I apologize. I'm one of those people who can never see the typos in an e-mail until it's sent. I'll try to catch my errors on preview mode. MultiplePOV 02:42, 2 May 2008 (UTC)
- There is evidence left behind after vaporization, per "A Simple Investigation". --OuroborosCobra talk 03:43, 2 May 2008 (UTC)
- Pseudohuman has added lots of new text to the article. He says phasers can disintegrate humanoids, and cites Star Trek: First Contact. Does anyone know, where/when in that movie this happened? --SwishyGarak 16:28, 25 May 2008 (UTC)
- Dialogue statement by Picard "Maximum setting. If you'd fired this, you would've vaporized me." also stated in IAMDpt2 by Archer "From what I'm told, the maximum setting can actually disintegrate a person." --Pseudohuman 17:02, 25 May 2008 (UTC)
- Thanks. For what it's worth, "The Vengeance Factor" shows it onscreen. Riker vaporized Yuta. You can see Riker powering up the phaser. Levels indicated by lights. See [1], after he pushes the lights all the way to the right ("goes to eleven"). SwishyGarak 18:00, 25 May 2008 (UTC)
- Pseudohuman has added lots of new text to the article. He says phasers can disintegrate humanoids, and cites Star Trek: First Contact. Does anyone know, where/when in that movie this happened? --SwishyGarak 16:28, 25 May 2008 (UTC)
- The reference to "Frame of Mind" where Riker claims to be able to destroy half of the building needs to be removed. His claim is unsubstantiated. First, Riker has no idea of the size of the building in question, and second, it is never demonstrated in any episode that the Type-II Phaser is capable of such a feat. In my opinion, Riker was clearly bluffing.--SierraB109 18:46, June 21, 2012 (UTC)
- I suspect it was not a bluff but instead was taken by the writer of that ep from the TNG tech manual which states 650 cubic meters of rock can be disintegrated per shot at the max setting. And I think when we saw Data destroying a complete miles long aqueduct system in "The Ensigns of Command" with a single shot is proof enough that the hand phaser has that kind of power in it against basic structures. --Pseudohuman 19:19, June 21, 2012 (UTC)
- I don't think Data actually destroyed the pumping station. He says he can, but does not say how long it would take. In addition, we don't know (unless confirmed or denied by the writers) if the chain reaction shooting up the aqueduct is because of the phaser blast, or if it is a side effect (electrical or plasma discharge) of Data shooting the control station.--SierraB109 20:58, June 21, 2012 (UTC)
Removed Edit
Removed the following as speculative:
- It has been suggested among fans that a significant amount of nadion particles are merely a byproduct of the liberation of EM energy. This would account for the visibility of a phenomenon that normally takes place outside the visible sprectrum, though the sheer magnitude or frequency of the energy could be equally responsible. Unfortunately, the basis for either theory is questionable.--31dot 12:39, 12 November 2008 (UTC)
Kelvin phasers Edit
Does anyone remember if there was a line in the movie that stated the Kelvin had phasers? For example, did any of the of the crew say "Fire phasers!" or "Phaser ready!" or "Phasers have no effect" or something like that? --From Andoria with Love 09:32, 19 May 2009 (UTC)
- Yeah, Robau says "Fire all phasers!" just after the Kelvin is first hit. -- Michael Warren | Talk 10:50, 19 May 2009 (UTC)
Thanks! :) --From Andoria with Love 22:45, 19 May 2009 (UTC)
- Also the weapon turret and the visual effect were identical to that seen on the Enterprise. We know that Kirk stated similar dialogue before mowing down the Narada at the end so the Enterprise definitely had phasers. I'd say you're pretty safe calling them phasers. What I don't know is what that bluish white stuff was. Looked like an energy weapon but it could have been just about anything.--Hribar 23:20, 19 May 2009 (UTC)
The bluish white stuff were the phasers, according to this page. However, this article says the red beams were phasers and the other weapons are pulse weapons. --From Andoria with Love 23:31, 19 May 2009 (UTC)
- I have moved the reference to the USS Kelvin above mention of the alternate reality caused by Nero's incursion. How it was written previously made it seem like the Kelvin's phasers were a result of Nero's incursion, which would be incorrect because in the prime reality, all Kelvin-class starships would have had the same phaser configuration. --Italianajt 20:18, January 8, 2010 (UTC)
- The "proximity blast cannons" could very well be pulse cannons. That tech pre-dates the Defiant's phaser cannons and is also presumably phaser technology. --Pseudohuman 06:28, January 9, 2010 (UTC)
- I have moved the reference to the USS Kelvin above mention of the alternate reality caused by Nero's incursion. How it was written previously made it seem like the Kelvin's phasers were a result of Nero's incursion, which would be incorrect because in the prime reality, all Kelvin-class starships would have had the same phaser configuration. --Italianajt 20:18, January 8, 2010 (UTC)
Odd section "Starship phasers" Edit
Anyone knows why this section begins with {{film|11}})? Apparently something referring to the latest motion picture was removed and it seems to be lost in the article's history. -- [ defchris ] · [ Diskussion ] · 15:26, 7 August 2009 (UTC)
Phaser vs Disruptor? Edit
Is there a technological difference between a phaser and a disruptor? Romulan weapons are always referred to as disruptors, and never as phasers. – The preceding unsigned comment was added by 188.8.131.52 (talk).
- As far as I can tell, both are directed energy particle weapons, and canonically they haven't gone into details on what the difference is. But the Deep Space Nine Technical Manual gives the technical info on the Klingon hand disruptors at least, that they shoot out a high energy particle stream that becomes disruptive to matter due to its instability that releases the streams contained energy. Where as, phasers just seem to fire a stable beam of energetic nadion particles. Componentwise the disruptors have a forced-energy particle generator, waveguides and an accelerator stage between the power cell and the emitter, where as starfleet phasers have a plasma accelerator that focuses the energy from the power cell to a prefire chamber before the emitter fires the beam. --Pseudohuman 23:18, November 19, 2011 (UTC)
Removed speculation Edit
I removed this segment of speculative text from the background
- Phasers are often seen vaporizing or disintegrating matter. However, if vaporization were, in fact, occurring, a tremendous amount of heat would be liberated by the sudden conversion of a great deal of biomatter to vapor. For instance, if a person were instantly vaporized into carbon-dioxide, enough heat would be released to seriously injure or destroy objects within a radius of several meters. The nadion effect may result in matter-neutrino conversion, resulting in exotic particles. This is one possible explanation for the varied effects phasers seem to have on their targets (particularly the Klingon soldier who is thrown through the air by Kirk's phaser blast in Star Trek III).
- The images included above in the description of the Type-1 power settings are most of the few times we clearly see the damage caused by higher settings less than those causing vaporization of the target. Most of the time the production team just used "squib" explosions at the point of impact, with no other damage to the target (probably for budgetary reasons).
--Pseudohuman 23:57, January 31, 2012 (UTC)
- I think some of the second paragraph is valid, as it includes non-speculative production info. --Defiant 00:24, February 1, 2012 (UTC)
Type II Phaser Yields: How Much Energy? Edit
I'm looking at some of the higher phaser yields and I'm wondering how much energy you'd require for this level of damage
Setting 11: Can vaporize approximately 10m^3 of rock per blast: This is effectively a mass of rock that's about 2.154435m x 2.154435m x 2.154435m, or 7.07 ft x 7.07 ft x 7.07 ft in size for comparison.
Setting 12: Can vaporize approximately 50m^3 of rock per blast: This is effectively a mass of rock that's about 3.684m x 3.684m x 3.684m, or 12.0867ft x 12.0867ft x 12.0867ft in size to put it into perspective
Setting 13: Can vaporize approximately 90m^3 of rock per blast: This is effectively a mass of rock that's about 4.4814m x 4.4814m x 4.4814m, or 14.7027 ft x 14.7027 ft x 14.7027 ft in size to put it into perspective
Setting 14: Can vaporize approximately 160m^3 of rock per blast: This is effectively a mass of rock that's about 5.429m x 5.429m x 5.429m, or 17.8111 ft x 17.8111 ft x 17.8111 ft in size to put it into perspective
Setting 15: Can vaporize approximately 370m^3 of rock per blast: This is effectively a mass of rock that's about 7.1791m x 7.1791m x 7.1791m, or 23.5533 ft x 23.5533 ft x 23.5533 ft in size to put it into perspective
Setting 16: Can vaporize approximately 650m^3 of rock per blast: This is effectively vaporizing a rock mass that's about: 8.66042m x 8.66042m x 8.66042m or 28.4134 ft x 28.4134 ft x 28.4134 ft in size to put it into perspective
Now I don't know what kind of rock is specified but the most common types of rocks are sedimentary rocks and the most common of those are shale, sandstone, and conglomerate rocks. My question is how much energy do you need to vaporize that much rock? 22.214.171.124 01:23, August 18, 2013 (UTC)
- I have no idea, but the way it is specifically stated in the Manual is that with setting 16 for example 650 cubic meters or more of rock/ore, that has a weight of 6 grams per cubic cm, are explosively uncoupled with a 0.28 second discharge from a phaser. The discharge time varies between settings. However it should be noted, that this is only a reference book and not something canon they have based on previous episodes, or followed up on in the series, since in the series what ever is fired at seems to heat up and calmly vaporize, while the Manual states it should basically explode into dust. --Pseudohuman (talk) 07:32, August 18, 2013 (UTC)
6gm/cm^3? Most rocks have a specific gravity in grams/liter... that would be some dense rock.
As for vaporize, this site says vaporize; the manual said vaporize and the term explosively decoupled have been used. Since they seem to be used interchangeably, it would appear the result would be a vaporization that's explosive (and when you vaporize stuff it does expand) 126.96.36.199 02:08, August 30, 2013 (UTC)
- In "Regeneration" at least the kill setting is said to be 5 megajoules, and 10 megajoules is according to that episode enough to penetrate personal shielding. I dont know how much a vaporization setting would be... Page 123 of the TNGTM goes on to state that a type II phaser is limited to directing a phaser beam of only 0.01 megawatts... --Pseudohuman (talk) 03:44, August 30, 2013 (UTC)
- I'm thinking the best answer would be to simply use the amount of energy it would take to vaporize 650 cubic meters of sedimentary rock in the time period.– The preceding unsigned comment was added by 184.108.40.206 (talk).
- Unfortunately, that's quite an absurd amount of energy; conservative assumptive estimates are around 1x10^12 joules. SHC of planetary crust material is around 630 j kg^-1 K-1 and a density of about 2,100 kg m^-3 with a boiling point in the area of 1,430 K.
- Problem is when you get to terajoule energies, you've gone well above the fusion threshold. Nuclear and quantum effects come into play and you can't get an accurate result from Newtonian mechanics and thermodynamics. To put it plainly, 1,400 tonnes of rock shouldn't just decouple, it should explode like a mid-level nuclear weapon, well into the hundreds of kilotonne range. 22.214.171.124 13:38, February 8, 2016 (UTC)
- This discussion is interesting but not very relevant to changing this article, which is the intended purpose of talk pages. 31dot (talk) 14:16, February 8, 2016 (UTC)
From Talk:Force 3 Edit
This kind of information would be better off at phaser, maybe under the "Sidearm settings" section. --LauraCC (talk) 17:29, May 3, 2016 (UTC)
It might be the same as the maximum setting based on the description. --LauraCC (talk) 21:44, June 6, 2016 (UTC)


text:
HOUSTON - A traffic stop in southwest Houston ended in a bust of two dozen illegal immigrants Thursday, officials said.
Officers tried to pull over an SUV that was moving erratically around 5 a.m., but the driver did not immediately stop. When he eventually pulled over, people started jumping out of the vehicle and running. Some of them ran to a house on Edgemoor Drive at Hillcroft Street, investigators said.
Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents showed up a short time later and took 24 illegal immigrants into custody, part of a human smuggling ring in the home.
Women and children were among the immigrants, officials said.
ICE agents said the 17 males, five females and two juvenile males were from Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador.
Copyright 2012 by Click2Houston.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
Recently I saw the episode of Lidia's Kitchen in which she made stuffed hamburgers and decided to try them on the grill.
I started by combining the ground beef, sun-dried-tomatoes, and other ingredients into a big ball.
The stuffing is mozzarella cheese and basil. I chose to shred the cheese so that it would melt more easily than if it was in cube form.
I wound up way overstuffing the burgers and was concerned that most of the cheese would leak out, but most of it managed to stay inside.
The burgers were good and the sun-dried tomato added extra flavor and a little bit of sweetness. And because the basil was kept inside by the cheese it stayed nice and fresh as well.


text:
5 great FPS game for Linux
It's some time that i don't do a roundup of games, and so today i want to present you some of the best FPS available for Linux.
Like i always say, the time where Linux games were not comparable with the Windows counterpart is past, and now , with the right hardware, you can play some great games also on your Linux box.
Let's take a look at : Warsow, World of Padman, Urban Terrror, Open Arena and AssaultCube


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"The Doors of the Community are Open—Wide"
A reflection by Benjamin Ledell Reynolds*
Benjamin Reynolds (center), Director of the
LGBTQ Religious Studies Center, and
CTS faculty, staff, students, alumni/ae and
friends gather in solidarity with our banner.
It's Gay Pride Sunday and celebration has begun to permeate the city. I arrive at the Belmont Station at 8:30 in the morning, although the event is not scheduled to kick off until noon. I want to be there early enough to see the crowd gather.
One out of many gatherings in Chicago, the Pride Parade has a way of proving the diversity of the city. Rainbow flags and bunting wave, a sea of swarming colors, flamboyant fashion is everywhere from bright shirts and fairy wings to wigs, kilts and knee-high rainbow socks, smiles galore, and the people, 750,000 people—a multitude of diverse people—converge in Boystown for Chicago's 42nd Annual Pride Parade, with only the sky as the limit.
Since moving to Chicago and becoming a part of Chicago Theological Seminary in 2008, I have typically attended church before participating in the pride march. This year, Pride is church. It is about being creative and free, and thinking outside the box; and of course, the LGBT community has always been good at that. This experience makes me think of being in a church that has enough courage to open its arms wide enough for everyone.
In the church of my rearing, where I would later come to serve as lead pastor, we used to have a saying, "The doors of the church are open." It was an invitation to everyone; I thought, at least, for all to be accepted and included. However, as it still is in many churches today, the doors were, indeed, not open to all.
In part, Pride is about celebrating the gay community's successes in our communities as being inclusive of all, as well as remembering those on whose shoulders we stand and who have been with us, and whose voices now have been silenced in death. It is a day, at least for me, when memories swirl about of who is included and who is excluded. This is an engagement with diversity of not only the LGBT community and our allies, but it is a full kaleidoscope of beauty—mothers, fathers, children, teens, families, Black, White, Hispanic, Asian, civilians, soldiers, Christians, atheists, everybody— and all are enthusiasts about the day's celebration.
What is it about Pride Sunday that, if only for a day, draws diverse people together and transforms the community and opens its doors? Could it be the spirit that longs to be free? As it turns out there were people present who opposed the LGBT community; but even these groups, in this diverse space, have an opportunity to express what they need to say in the face of the queer community's message.
The CTS contingent of about 30, marching alongside the Night Ministry was eager to wave our banner that read, "Chicago Theological Seminary—Where Theology is a Queer Thing!' We were also careful to verbally remind the throng "Have no fear, God loves queer!" As I gazed into the faces of our audience, many of whom were cheering us on, I sensed that our task had been accomplished.
It was Dr. Martin Luther King who reminded us, "The human heart and soul long for freedom of thought, individuality and the freedom to live one's life as one sees fit."[1] And it is true. There is something about the human spirit that longs to be free. When the human spirit redeems the wings of freedom, it is a cause for celebration.
Perhaps that is why Jesus had and still has the ability to draw multitudes, because he is not interested in being an exclusive society, but a wide open door where everyone can come in, be in community and celebrate! For me, that is church, and what a lot of churches could benefit by learning.
In the aftermath of the parade, when the people have gone, floats stored, streets cleared of debris, flags and bunting rolled up, what remains is a city with the courage to open its arms wide enough for all to take wings and be free.
*Benjamin Ledell Reynolds is the Director of the LGBTQ Religious Studies Center and PhD Student in Theology, Ethics and Human Science
[1] From Dr. Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech


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By Jim McGill, Staff WriterPosted May 13, 2012If by BearInsider Staff or Contributor, this article is Copyright © 2017 BearInsider.com
With the graduation of All-Pac 12 power forward Harper Kamp and the Bears' inability to land the big man they've been after to add size and strength under the basket, obtaining a commitment from a big man with the size and skill set to have an impact as early as the 2012-'13 season has been a primary focus during the late spring recruiting period for Cal.
After missing out last week on Polish center Przemek Karnowski, the Bears received a signed letter of intent from Danish center Sami Elaraky on Saturday, completing their 2012 recruiting class.
Eleraky played for the Danish National under-19 team this past year as well as for the Danish prol-level Aalborg Vikings, averaging 6 points and 5.8 rebounds per game in finishing runner-up in the voting for best young player in the league.
The Bears had been recruiting the Danish big man for the better part of a year, with assistant coach John Montgomery making a good impression in his visit to Eleraky earlier this year.
"Cal has a great coaching staff, is a great academic school, is in a nice location and offers a unique opportunity to play in the Pac 12," said Eleraky.
"Cal's the number one public school and that says it all."
The 6-11/240 Eleraky was won over by the opportunity to compete in the Pac 12 and with the obvious need Cal had in the post and the big Dane was clearly able to see where he could fit in on the court.
"After last year, the team lost their two seniors in (Harper) Kamp and (Jorge) Gutierrez," said Eleraky. "Kamp was obviously playing the post, therefore the coaching staff told me that I would have a chance to get minutes my freshman year."
Eleraky also developed an affinity for the Cal staff, even though he didn't have a chance to visit Berkeley before making his decision.
"There are great people at Cal," said Eleraky. "They also have a good and experienced coach in Mike Montgomery. "I really think they'll help me to become a better player and polish certain aspects of my game. I know they'll push me every time during practices and just keep me working hard each day to accomplish my goals."
Even though qualifying is not expected to be a major hurdle, Eleraky is taking nothing for granted till his classes are finished this month.
"We'll see how it all works out," said Eleraky. "Right now I'm just trying to finish school with good grades. If not, i will propably be in prep school for a year, before joining the team."
To view Aalborg highlights, including a few clips with #15 Eleraky,
click here
Welcome to the year of the QB in college football
Sumlin 'proud' A&M nixed white nationalist rally
Richt calls Georgia 'family,' wishes team well
Saban unimpressed by 'Eclipse of the Century'
ND's Kelly: 'I was the absent professor' in '16


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ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, Ohio (AP) -- Authorities in a southwest Ohio village are investigating the slaying of a teenager.
The Hamilton County Sheriff's Office and the Ohio Bureau of Criminal Investigation are assisting police in Arlington Heights in investigating the attack on the boy late Monday.
His name and age haven't been released yet.
The Cincinnati Enquirer reports that a caller told police that people arriving home found the boy on the kitchen floor.
Detectives were going door to door talking to people overnight in the village of about 800 people north of Cincinnati.


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St. Albert plans electric bus trial
Trial of alternative energy bus planned for August
Wednesday, Jul 02, 2014 06:00 am
St. Albert Transit plans to try out an electric bus on some of its routes in August.
�We�ve been working with Edmonton on this project,� said St. Albert transit director Bob McDonald. �They�re going to let us use one of these buses for two weeks in August to trial in our system.�
Edmonton Transit System recently launched its own trial of leased electric buses they�re calling ETS Stealth. The pilot will run until October.
McDonald travelled to Montreal earlier this year to check out their electric buses.
After that research the conclusion was they�d like to trial the bus here.
�Our plan was that we were going to run it on a variety of routes,� he said. �We would be circulating it on the same routes that the 40-foot buses are currently on.�
Trying out different routes would give passengers and drivers a chance to see what the electric bus is like.
The buses are the same size as the 40-foot buses currently in use at St. Albert Transit, and McDonald noted they�re low-floor buses like St. Albert�s fleet as well.
Part of the trial will be servicing the buses here in St. Albert. The buses will be charged overnight.
After St. Albert and Edmonton�s trials, they�ll look at the results, including feedback and cost projections.
McDonald said one of the driving factors for exploring the change would be potential energy savings.
�The main reason is economy. If these are successful and we can buy them the same way we buy the 12-metre buses we have now we expect that our energy costs are going to be substantially less,� he said.
There could be some decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, though McDonald pointed out that most electricity in Alberta comes by way of coal-burning power, so switching to electric wouldn�t cut out emissions entirely.
However, the buses would not be emitting gases on their routes since they�d be entirely powered by electricity.
�I think overall it�s a net reduction,� McDonald said.
Riding an electric bus will sound different from a gas-powered ride, McDonald said. �It�s more of a whir.�
McDonald said the details haven�t been confirmed yet, but there�s a chance there won�t be a fare box on the bus so some riders might get a chance to try it out for free.
Linda Kadatz, a division supervisor at Edmonton Transit, said so far that city�s pilot, which launched in June, is doing well.
While it�s too early for quantitative results, Kadatz said so far feedback from the public has been positive.
�They are quite taken with it,� she said.
Some comments have noted cosmetic differences � such as a different seating arrangement � but Kadatz said the leased buses haven�t been formatted to Edmonton�s specifications.
�Those are the things that you change when you actually make your order and bring in your own bus,� she said.
�It�s an exciting start to something that I think is a change for public transit in general.�


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PHILADELPHIA - For the second time in as many years, the University of Pennsylvania and Wagner men's basketball teams needed overtime to settle matters. And for the second straight year, it was the Seahawks who made the plays in the extra session as they walked out of The Palestra Saturday night with a 75-69 victory.
You've no doubt heard the phrase, "it was a shame someone had to lose." Saturday night's game at The Palestra may have gone in the other direction. On a night when the teams combined for 41 turnovers and shot a combined 33.1 percent (39 of 118), the Quakers were left ruing a game that they very likely should have had.
Penn (2-6) got to overtime despite senior Miles Jackson-Cartwright playing just 14 minutes due to foul trouble. It was unfortunate, as all indications were that he was on his way to another solid offensive performance-- he hit three three-pointers (on four attempts) for nine points. His production would have been helpful.
Fran Dougherty had anothersolid night, posting his first double-double of the season with a team-high 17 points and 11 rebounds. Darien Nelson-Henry had 11 points and seven boards. FreshmanTony Bagtas had anotheroutstanding performance at the point, scoring seven points and dishing off eight assists in 36 minutes in his second career start.
And yet…
Penn had not one but two chances to gain a final lead at the end of regulation. On the first, with just under a minute to play and the score tied 62-62, Tony Hicks missed a jumper and Wagner's Kenneth Ortiz got the rebound. After a timeout, the Seahawks (5-5)worked the clock under 30 seconds before Ortiz drove the lane. His layup was no good, however, and the ball went back to Penn.
With the game in his hands and the clock nearing triples zeroes, Bagtas took the ball into the lane. However, he lost his dribble and ball ended up in Ortiz's hands. Another timeout. One final shot by Ortiz, a pretty good look-- no good. On to overtime.
It took 90 seconds, but Wagner scored the first points of the OT on a pair of free throws by Mario Moody. Another 90 seconds later, the Seahawks' Jay Harris hit a stone-cold three from well beyond the line that pushed them ahead, 67-62. Following another empty Penn possession, Ortiz hit a pair of free throws and it was 69-62 with just 36 seconds left. Penn's first points of the session finally came after that, on a Bagtas three-pointer.
Ortiz and Latif Rivers scored 18 points apiece for Wagner-- 12 apiece in the second half-- while Moody finished with 12 points and Harris had 11.
Penn is off for the next 15 days due to the University's fall-term exam period; the Quakers are next in action on Sunday, Dec. 22 when they play at Marist. Tip time is slated for 2 p.m.
Game Notes: This marked Penn's first overtime game of 2013-14, and the second straight year the Quakers and Seahawks needed OT to settle matters … Penn is 3-7 in overtime under head coach Jerome Allen, but has lost three straight and seven of its last eight … Penn set season highs in three-pointers (8) and rebounds (44) … Penn outrebounded its fourth straight opponent, after being outboarded in each of its first four games this season … Wagner shot 33.3 percent from the field, an opponent low against Penn this season … Penn has held its last two opponents to just 33.9 percent shooting from the field (37-109), and seven of Penn's eight opponents this season have shot below 45 percent against the Quakers … For the second time in three games, Penn lost a game it led at halftime (in both cases, the halftime lead was one point) … Penn has had its two worst shooting games in the last two contests (21-62 at Villanova, 20-61 vs. Wagner), but its best shooting performances from beyond the arc (40 percent against both the Wildcats and Seahawks) … Wagner set opponent highs in free throws (33), free-throw percentage (.846) and blocked shots (9) … Senior Fran Dougherty had his first double-double of the season (fifth career) with 17 points and a season-high 11 rebounds … Dougherty has led Penn in rebounding each of the last four games … Dougherty averaged 2.5 rebounds in Penn's first four games this season; he is averaging 9.3 in the last four … Dougherty also matched a career high with 36 minutes played … Freshman Tony Bagtas had eight assists, giving him 17 in the last two games, and matched his season/career high with seven points … Sophomore Tony Hicks scored 14 points, his seventh double-figure game this season and the 22nd such game of his career … Sophomore Darien Nelson-Henry had 11 points, his sixth double-figure scoring game this season and 16th of his career … Senior Steve Rennard tied a career high with three assists … Senior Miles Jackson-Cartwright scored nine points, giving him 1,174 for his career which is 28th in Penn history; Paul Romanczuk (1996-99) is 27th with 1,179 points, while Jeff Neuman (1964-66) is 26th with 1,187 and Matt Langel (19997-00) is 25th with 1,191.
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The Colored BearLogic puzzles require you to think. You will have to be logical in your reasoning.
If a hunter goes out his front door, goes 50 miles south, then goes 50 miles west, shoots a bear, goes 50 miles north and ends up in front of his house, what color was the bear?
HintThere is only one starting place on earth where the hunter will end up back at his front door.
The hunter is at the north pole, and the bear is a white polar bear.
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Syrian producer Orwa Nyrabia reported missing, feared arrested
Respected producer and pan-Arab DOX BOX Film Festival founder disappeared at Damascus airport.
"We are honoured to receive the Katrin Cartlidge Award in Sarajevo, the city that gives us great hope at such a dark moment in Syrian history," they said on being presented the award by actor Jeremy Irons during the festival.
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The recent rapid decline in the federal deficit has prompted some to conclude that we're heading for a long era of large budget surpluses. In a previous alert, we explained why this hoopla is premature. At best, we can expect a brief period of minor surpluses lasting several years beyond 2002, and even these won't materialize if the economy falters or if Congress fails to follow through on the back-ended spending cuts called for in this year's budget deal. After that, the deficit will again explode -- unless senior entitlements are reformed.
Still, the subject of surpluses is worth serious attention. As it turns out, many who are predicting large surpluses think it would be a mistake to run them -- and this kind of thinking may make entitlement reform (and the surpluses themselves) less likely. According to an emerging anti-surplus school, made up mostly of supply-side conservatives eager to tax less and big-government liberals eager to spend more, paying down the national debt would be an unwise use of public resources.
They're wrong. Running a substantial budget surplus of perhaps 1 to 2 percent of GDP over the next decade or so would be enormously beneficial for the economy. Indeed, if one considers the basic principles of public finance, the huge generational imbalance in today's budget policy, and America's anemic savings rate, the case for surpluses is so compelling that one wonders how critics have managed to obscure it.
Public Finance 101
Let's start with Public Finance 101. Economic efficiency requires that taxes be held relatively stable at a level sufficient to pay for public spending in all future years, regardless of whether this leads to surpluses or deficits in any given year. It makes no sense to cut taxes today if that cut will only necessitate raising taxes tomorrow. Over the business cycle, this principle is consistent with counter-cyclical fiscal policy: It implies that the federal balance should rise during expansions and fall during recessions. Over the longer run, it implies that revenues should exceed spending when economic circumstances are favorable so that they can be lower than spending when circumstances are not.
So what are our circumstances today? They are clearly favorable -- indeed, more favorable than they have been for many decades or are likely to be for many decades to come. Since the end of the Cold War, defense spending, as a share of the economy, has sunk to its lowest level since Pearl Harbor. With the expansion still chugging along, tax revenues are up and welfare spending is down. Most important, a large (Boom) generation is swelling the ranks of working-age Americans while a small (Depression-era) generation is retiring.
But the world cannot indefinitely remain as peaceful or as recession-free as it is today. And we know that America's Demographic Indian Summer will not last much longer. As the age wave hits the budget starting around 2010, entitlement spending will begin a decades-long spiral that the CBO projects will raise total federal outlays by nearly 50 percent as a share of GDP.
Many supply-siders in the anti-surplus school seem to believe that debt is a painless alternative to taxes. The truth is that deficits merely shift the tax burden toward the future, while surpluses shift it toward the present. An efficient tax policy would require us to pay for some of the coming explosion in entitlement costs today -- that is, it would require us to run surpluses. If we want to reduce the size of the requisite surpluses, we must reduce long-term spending growth. But ironically, those who argue most vociferously against surpluses generally have the least to say about how to do this.
Fairness to Our Kids
Beyond economic efficiency, there's also the question of generational equity. A fair budget policy should ensure some correspondence between how much a generation pays to government and how much it gets back in return. But younger generations are destined to pay far more than older generations in exchange for no more and possibly less. Economist Larry Kotlikoff calculates that, even with this year's budget deal, the lifetime net tax rate faced by today's newborns will exceed 60 percent, double the rate faced by Americans now retiring.
While the Concord Coalition has long advocated entitlement reforms that would dramatically reduce the long-term growth in federal spending, no realistic array of reforms will allow an aging America to hold spending to today's level. Simple fairness to our kids therefore dictates that we run budget surpluses today so that government can afford to borrow a bit more tomorrow.
It's worth recalling that this was the original logic behind the 1983 act that gave rise to today's Social Security surpluses. As Senator Moynihan explains, the assumption was that government would translate these trust-fund surpluses into unified budget surpluses of equal size, and therefore into genuine economic savings. In this way, Boomers would prefund their own retirement and reduce the economic burden on younger generations. Unfortunately, it didn't work out that way.
The Wealth of Nations
Finally, there's our anemic savings rate. The U.S. net national savings rate is already low relative to other developed nations and to our own long-term history. In future decades, a do-nothing fiscal policy would push it still lower, ultimately driving it beneath zero.
This brings us to history's bottom line, as insisted on by one economic luminary after another, from Adam Smith to Karl Marx to Alfred Marshall to John Maynard Keynes. No country can enjoy sustained living standard growth without investing, and no country can sustain high investment for long without saving.
These thinkers all understood that a rising living standard is a function with many variables. But they all agreed that capital formation is a necessary condition. Moreover, it is the one condition a society can directly control. We cannot legislate technological breakthroughs -- or even a higher private savings rate. But we can legislate a budget surplus, and surpluses add to national savings just as surely as deficits subtract from it.
The case for surpluses becomes all the more compelling if we recall that other developed nations are aging too, some more rapidly than America. Without reform, the widening pension deficits of the G-7 countries would, by 2030, consume all of G-7 savings. As a nation that has gotten into the habit of borrowing from abroad (currently at the rate of about $160 billion per year), the overseas age wave will narrow our options. To maintain even a minimum level of domestic investment, America will have to save more on its own.
Old Chestnuts
Confronted with these arguments, the anti-surplus school flails about for a coherent response. Some critics attack the goal of a surplus (or even budget balance) on the grounds that conventional accounting is arbitrary and misleading, and that, properly measured on an accrual basis, the federal budget today is already running a surplus. Even if this were true, it is irrelevant. All of the above arguments would still support raising public-sector savings, regardless of whether our "true" federal budget balance is now a surplus or a deficit.
But in fact, the critics are mistaken on the accounting issue as well. Yes, they may be right that inflation lowers the real value of the national debt and that federal investment purchases can be regarded as taxpayer assets. But all of this is dwarfed by the mountain of unfunded retirement liabilities that accrual accounting would require us to acknowledge. Any plausible method of amortizing this lien on our future (now totaling at least $15 trillion) would reveal our accrual budget to be even deeper in the red than our cash budget.
When all else fails, there's always the oldest chestnut of all -- namely, that the national debt doesn't matter because we only owe it to ourselves. (Except, of course, for the 28 percent and rising we now owe to foreigners.) Ever since Adam Smith, economists have been exposing this free-lunch myth, but it somehow keeps popping up. So let's roast this chestnut one more time.
Yes, the debt that taxpayers owe is balanced by the bonds that taxpayers own. But while it is true in this accounting sense that public debt is a wash, the original savings the debt displaced was not. That original savings, had it been invested in the real economy, would have generated a stream of income that would not otherwise have existed -- whereas, invested in government bonds for the purpose of financing consumption, it merely transfers existing income from one person to another. It may not matter much to private savers whether their dollars end up purchasing a tractor or a T-bill. But it matters a great deal to the economy.
Perfectly Sound Policy
Concord hopes that common sense prevails, and that America's leaders get serious about the kind of reform that might lead to substantial budget surpluses. Simply using these surpluses to pay down the national debt would be perfectly sound policy. But the surpluses could be saved in other ways as well. A portion might be devoted to higher public investment spending -- or, alternatively, to defraying the up-front costs of transitioning to a funded system of personally owned Social Security accounts.
Either way, the benefits would be enormous. The case we now hear against surpluses is no more persuasive than the case we used to hear against balanced budgets. This isn't surprising, since they fall flat for the same reasons.
FACING FACTS AUTHORS: Neil Howe and Richard Jackson CONCORD COALITION EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Martha Phillips


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The finalists of the 2012 National Youth Entrepreneurship Challenge. (l-r) Edwin Romo, Vincent Quigg (1st place), Joziah Council & Jesse Council.
Young Entrepreneur specializes in iPhones
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Fox Business, October 18, 2012
Cale Morrow wins grant to make his business idea a reality
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- Welcome software developers! We are happy that you want to include Avery templates in your programs.
- We have two Avery Alliance models for you to consider. In a Template Alliance, we provide dimensional specifications and information about our printable products for you to set up the print functionality within your program. The second type of Avery Alliance is an API Alliance that would allow an integration with our online print tool, Avery Design & Print Online, to use our print tool as a web service with the content or data from your site.
- There's no charge for either model. We just need a License Agreement to be sure you will protect any confidential information that you receive as part of the program, and to be sure that you only use Avery resources to support Avery products.
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To receive Avery product specifications and information on how to support them in your program, complete the License Agreement for Avery Templates, including Exhibit "A," then print, sign and send to Avery. Be sure to include an authorized signature.
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Use our API to integrate with Avery Design & Print Online. These integrations can be as simple as a link into our site, or you can pass data to our site to be formatted for printing to an Avery product. The data management would take place on your website, and the data that will be passed to the Avery website is the URL of the merge data csv file.
An HTML form is constructed on your website to gather this information in hidden fields. Then a call is made to a Java servlet on the Avery website that passes the hidden fields as URL parameters to the Avery Design & Print application. The servlet opens the data file, converts it to an xml format and prepares to merge the data.
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Tag Archives: breastmilk donation
Donate breastmilk for breast cancer research!
If you are interested in donating breastmilk for this research effort, please visit the UMass Breastmilk Lab website to learn about current studies! Could your breastmilk hold clues to the prevention and treatment of breast cancer? It's a question under … Continue reading
Posted in Babeworthy, Blog, Inspire, Main Content, Science News Tagged avon foundation for women, breastfeeding, breastmilk, breastmilk donation, breastmilk research, donating breastmilk, kathleen arcaro, love avon army of women 1 Comment
Last revised on 10/16/2013
Last revised on 10/16/2013


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Luxury leaves 2010 on a high note. Most analysts see good things for 2011 – the folks at HSBC, noting the positive performance of watches and jewellery last month, even say: "It is hard to find industries with better fundamental prospects than luxury for 2011."
Indeed, post-end-of-year auction on December 14, Christie's reports they had "a record-breaking year for fine and rare watches" with an estimated "$91.2m in total sales – the highest annual total ever achieved for watches." Meanwhile, Tom Murry, ceo of Calvin Klein, told me they were having a very good Christmas season, and plan to open double-digit stores next year, and Tamara Mellon, chief creative officer of Jimmy Choo, has world domination in mind, and plans to expand into ready-to-wear, watches, and jewellery, after launching mens' shoes. Read more


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Last day of the month. Tomorrow starts the official Dog Days. OK, maybe not official.
I've got nothing and maybe we should get used to me saying that, because I think it's going to be a slow, slow month, at least until we get reasonably close to training camp.
My vacation starts tomorrow. I'm going to be here most days, if not all.
Still looking for guest bloggers. The response to the first request was pretty slim. But if you are interested in doing one between now and Aug. 14, or one from Aug. 22-28, please drop me an e-mail at firstname.lastname@example.com. Pick a date. Most of them are open. Tell me you want to write that day. It's that simple.
And, again, I want to thank you guys for coming here day after day in July. Our traffic numbers were pretty darn good. Youse rule.
Gratuitous Sean Avery photo by AP.