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Seagate Barracuda XT 2TB: SATA 6Gb/s Performance Previewby Gary Key on 10/29/2009 12:00 AM EST
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rachotilko - Tuesday, November 10, 2009 - linkI don't get it ! Who needs single drive over 1TB ? We all need a wide availability of affordable hardware RAID controllers. RAID6 array of say 8x500GB drives offers speed, reliability & capacity that no single drive can ever dream of. But please no more FakeRAID junk, please. Reply
abuda - Monday, November 02, 2009 - linkhow about this stuff ?
without shipping Reply
mindless1 - Sunday, November 01, 2009 - linkutilizing the word utilize can become excessive Reply
sonofliberty - Sunday, November 01, 2009 - linkshould run a RAID 0 benchmark on all drive to see the benefits of SATA 6GB/s Reply
michael19 - Saturday, October 31, 2009 - linkare the forums ever coming back? Reply
Nocturnal - Saturday, October 31, 2009 - linkAnand said via Twitter that he'd have a better ETA this weekend. So hopefully we'll get some type of update. Reply
ClagMaster - Friday, October 30, 2009 - linkGiven what I know about harddrives, the above results are not terribly surprising. What limits the data bandwidth of a harddrive is the bottleneck between the harddrive controllers and the platters, which is much less than 3Gb/s. This is not going to change anytime soon for mechanical harddrives.
However, for SSDs, there is no such bottleneck. SSD's with SATA 6Gb/s is something more easily realized in the near future. Still, we are going to need to wait about 2 years for the appropriate SSD controllers, dedicated motherboard PCIe lanes, and cheaper faster flash memory, to be developed to allow this to happen.
Not a bad article, but SATA 6Gb/s on harddrives? Reply
Rouche - Friday, October 30, 2009 - linkMy last disk (7200.11 firmware error) got into a BSY state after 6 month of use, lost everything, no support to recover my data.
Even if i had a gun on the head, i would never touch a Seagate disk. Reply
Nocturnal - Saturday, October 31, 2009 - linkSeagate has offered free data recovery on the disks that experienced this problem. There is also an easy fix although you have to either buy or make your own custom cable in order to unbrick the drive. Reply
Rouche - Monday, November 02, 2009 - linkSeagate has offered? Im sure they yelled this on every houses roof!
Of course i tryed the custum unbrick with serial communication but it seems to worse. My luck i guess. Reply
ipay - Monday, November 02, 2009 - linkBuying or making a custom cable is the exact opposite of "easy" for people who expected the drive to work as advertised. Reply
SpatulaCity - Friday, October 30, 2009 - linkI always thought there were 8 bits in a byte.
6Gbps / 8 = 750MBps
am I confused or missing something? Reply
peldor - Friday, October 30, 2009 - link8/10 encoding.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10/8_encoding">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10/8_encoding Reply
coyote2 - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkI'd love to see how the (budget) Hitachi 7200rpm compares to the WD Caviar Black and this Seagate XT. thanks AnandTech! Reply
dragunover - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkReviews around the net show this is a great performer. Why not test more hard-drives like this one? Reply
Robear - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkI really like the "less synthetic" IO benches, with the file transfers and all.
Standardized benchmarks are a double-edged sword. On the one hand the standardized benchmark can be reproduced and hence verified, attributing to the credibility. On the other hand, firmware can be tweaked to the benchmarks to skew benchmarks and obscure actual performance.
I'd like to see a mix of standardized and non-standardized (i.e. "Anandtech Benches") more in the future.
I'd like to see real-world scenarios, like game install times, game load times, software builds, anti-virus scanning, etc. Reply
MadMan007 - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkSo SATA 6Gb/s implemented by an add-on chip will do little but add cost? Great :/ Reply
motigez - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkwell done for the Storage Bench, to my opinion, this is the only test which should matter to the end user, I would strongly recommend to keep it simple, no heavy and light, only one combination, and find some way to normalize it in comparison to SSD, this would finally allow users to tell which drives are better for them, which makes a difference and worth the premium, there is nothing we can do with pure sequential numbers...and base on my experience PcMark does not tell enough about user experience,
Thanks AnandTech Reply
MrSpadge - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkThere are 2 things to take away from this:
1. SATA 3 doesn't change anything for current HDDs. That's just as expected, because they'd have done something wrong if the current SATA 2 interface would already have been a limit. The push to higher performance interfaces always preceded their need - and that's good, but nothing to get excited about (either positive or negative).
2. Seagate's performance is.. "mixed", if I choose the most euphemistic words. That's been the case since many years and I still don't understand why people would like them. Reply
chizow - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkAs I stated a few months ago when news of this 2TB drive broke, SATA 6.0 is hardly needed on mechanical drives as they're not even fully utilizing SATA 3.0, only a slight benefit from peak rates as this bench shows.
Its quite clear the Marvell controller is also bottlenecked by these mechanical drives and overall less efficient than the Intel controller. The HD to HD transfers show the mechanical drives are typically the bottleneck, but the Intel drives write speeds are also bottlenecks in the HD to SSD benches. The only scenario the mechanical drives aren't bottlenecked is in the SSD to HD test where the high SSD reads allow for the higher mechanical drive transfers.
I would've liked to have seen HD to SSD transfer results with an SSD with faster sustained write speeds, like one of the Indilinx drives that get ~200MB/s writes. I would've also liked to have seen all SSDs tested on one of these SATA 6.0 controllers to truly isolate its performance compared to SATA 3.0. I understand its beyond the scope of this review, it just seems like neither the controller nor the drive are up to the task of achieving potential performance. Reply
Zak - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkYeah, with port multiplier enclosures data from several drives is transferred over single SATA link. I had port multiplier 4-drive enclosures and with 4 hard drives in RAID0 I was easily maxing out the SATA3Gbps bandwidth.
Z. Reply
chrnochime - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - link300 USD for the Premium Asus board as compared to ~170 for a P7P55D pro version just to have 6GB Sata and USB 3.0? That's a steep price to pay for just these two features. Reply
chrnochime - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkand it's 6Gb not GB whoops. Reply
DLeRium - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkI hate seeing AT falling into the realm of previews. We seem to get more and more of these. Each preview promises followup reviews, but I see less and less follow up reviews or flat out full reviews. Remember when AT reviewed the WD 640gb Blue and the 7200.8s, 7200.10s, all that? Those were nice solid reviews. Now we get previews. Core i7 preview into OCing. No OCing guide today. The only motherboard roundup we got was the 3 or 4 motherboards we had at the i7 launch, while Toms spent 3 or 4 articles doing separate groups of roundups (enthusiasts, midrange, budget X58). I hate THG, and I always respected AT's opinion more, but when we're getting more and more half-assed reviews that are barely finished that DEPEND on follow-ups that aren't always done, then I have a problem.
I'd rather see a solid review and be done with it. I'm glad we got a WD 2TB Black, but are you guys going to review that? AT is definitely leading the charge into the SSD world, but as we're doing it, we're forgetting a lot of nice new drives like the WD 2TB Black that I feel deserves a full review. Same with the new Seagate 7200.12s. Reply
Zool - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkI think that people dont buy 2TB drives for speed. If u hawe TB-s data that u need to store its the only choice. With those read speeds u could watch fine a 500 Mbit video stream. Actualy with 64bit around for years you could have a 32GB system with for example 24GB ram disk. And ram disk working with intesive read write workload is like 100 times faster than the best ssd. But its actualy rare to have 4+ GB memory still. I think that the storage will be in future in levels like CPU cache. L1 storage smaller for used data and L2 for storage of large data. Or even a ram level (actualy cpu memmory should be divided in levels long ago, buying 32GB of very fast memmory is overkill.U could hawe 2GB realy fast memory and a very cheap 32GB memory which is still much faster than anything else)
Everyone who can use brain already know that 6Gb/s sata is just a marketing buzz unless u use a giant raid. Reply
Zak - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkActually, as I went up to 1TB and larger drives I started wishing for more speed too. I use 1.5TB and 2TB disks as backups and mirrors and full backups of terabytes of files take a long time:) Reply
Zool - Friday, October 30, 2009 - linkYou need to be patient. It wont change any time soon. Even with ssd speeds backup TB-s of data takes hours.
Hint: Dont backup that often :)
Maybe there are some programs that monitor only files that were changed and only backup those, not the whole drive. If u want backup that often. Reply
yyrkoon - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkLike another user has already mentioned, there is port multiplier technology, which is about the only thing that can use this additional bandwidth _right_now_ . Even then, the drives must be in some form of RAID, and if for performance, you're still going to see access time "doubling".
The point here would be I think if people cared that much about performance, they would opt for at minimum an inexpensive SSD that performs decent for a SSD, and completely destroys any mechanical drive. This is not to say that I think your tests are null and void. This *IS* to say that I think that people are going to be more worried about reliability concerning these drives, not so much about performance as long as the performance is close to something reasonable for the technology. I think both drives in this test have demonstrated this level of performance.
Now if you guys really want to impress us mere mortals with numbers, let us see you guys at Anandtech put two iSCSI targets with 32GB of ramdisk each out to a single initiator as a RAID 0 array. Then watch how the drive visible on the initiator smokes all of your tests ;)
Wait until Starwind implements "true" RAID 0 over multiple links the correct way, and it will be even "funner". Reply
Griswold - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - link"Like another user has already mentioned, there is port multiplier technology, which is about the only thing that can use this additional bandwidth _right_now_ . Even then, the drives must be in some form of RAID, and if for performance, you're still going to see access time "doubling"."
No, they dont have to be in any form of RAID. With a PM you can hook them up as individual drives if you want. My point was and still is that with a PM you can saturate a 6Gb/s port that way - but that would be sort of pointless unless you need to hook up more drives than you can attach to your motherboard by using the one-drive-per-port scheme. But if you do need this, this Sata 6Gb/s thing starts to make sense even with spindle drives. Reply
yyrkoon - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkIf you do not RAID them on a port multiplier, you gain no performance. Read the white papers on SATAIO if you doubt me. As I have known about this technology for more than 5 years now.
You can run singles on a port multiplier if you wish, but only one drive will be able to communicate with the system at a time. This is not a bad thing really, because PM will allow you technically up to 15 more drives per port I believe( 16 devices total like SCSI ), but the highest number of drives allowed on current hardware available is only 5 drives per port.
Another downside to port multipliers is that is is all handled in software.Either you use the software provided by the manufacturer, or it is handled in hardware like fake RAID. In the end, it is all software, whether embedded, or not. Also, you require specific chipsets in order for this technology to work at all. In he end, it is not a terrible idea, but SAS puts it to shame. The only downside to SAS is that you require an SAS expander per 8 drives. Since expanders are not cheap, the cost mounts up pretty quickly. Still, it is by far the superior technology. Reply
Transisto - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkPort multiplier technology are often used for external raid unit over a single Esata.
That would be a good use,
As for the article,,,,,,, did someone at Anand really though a "nothing special" HDD would saturate 3Gb/s ? I wonder if even 5% of readers though so. Reply
Captainbob001 - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkI agree with the other writers on here, no need for sata 6gb/s. I believe we are at the mechanical limit with 3 gb/s sata with spinning platters. I believe we will see differences when SSD starts utilizing it. Right now drives in raid0 configuration get much better mb/s times than these tests. Reply
Concillian - Friday, October 30, 2009 - linkWe aren't necessarily at any limit, just that controller throughput is always well ahead of hard drive throughput. This has been the case since we had hard drive controllers installed in the ISA bus. It's always some great new throughput of the controller that the hard drives can't take advantage of yet.
It's still a good thing though, because you don't want to be in the case where you have a traffic jam on your 2 lane highway 100% of the time before you add a new lane. If that were the case all the drives now would be on PATA/100. It's much better when the controller leaps are not very exciting. The manufacturers are doing their job if controller throughput leaps aren't exciting. Reply
zephyrprime - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - link
PEX PLX8613 PCIe bridge chip that will convert four of the P55's PCIe x1 lanes (250MB/s each) into two 500MB/s lanes.
Pcie 1.0 was 250mb/s for each lane but isn't pcie 2.0 500mb/s for each lane? I would think a p55 board would have pcie 2.0, right? Reply
kureshii - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkIIRC the P55's PCIe lanes are 2.0-specced, but bandwidth-limited to PCIe 1.1 speeds to prevent choking up the DMI bus. Reply
chizow - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkThat's also correct from what I've read, the P55 is PCIE 2.0 but the ICH10R is only PCIE 1.1. It could very well be an attempt to prevent choking up the DMI bus, but knowing Intel, I wouldn't doubt it if the decision was made so X58 and P55 wouldn't feature-compete with each other or offer a competitive advantage to outside solutions before they rolled out their own native SATA 6.0 and USB 3.0 solution. That's really why we're seeing all these workarounds to begin with, because Intel has been dragging their feet on adopting and implementing these specs. Reply
JarredWalton - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkThe catch is that PCI-E 1.x is 250MB/s aggregate bandwidth, but half of that is upstream and half is downstream. So the 500MB/s figure for two PCI-E 2.0 lanes is correct in that the maximum rate to or from the drive would be 500MB/s. Reply
Griswold - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkGet a port multiplier and hook up 4 of them per channel - watch the bandwith put to good use, if you actually need it.
Now do the same with all the other ports and you got a, for a desktop system, ridiculous amount of storage capacity with all disks capable of operating at their best sequential read/write performance.
:P Reply
yyrkoon - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkA good SAS controller would trump port multipliers using 2 channels cascaded. Reply
Griswold - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkYea, just that nobody is talking about SAS in this context... Reply
HangFire - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkThis is what I expected- there is no real need for 6Gb/S SATA.
SAS, on the other hand, which (for lower speeds, at least) uses the same connector technology, has a real need for 6Gb/S, since there is typically a RAID on the other end of the SAS cable.
Unfortunately, I didn't see even a passing mention of when, or if, this technology is coming to SAS.
7Enigma - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkAnand,
Did you get your 3G and 6G mixed up? If not your first 2 charts showing your custom HD tests show the 6G 15-20% slower than the 3G. Your commentary doesn't say anything about the 3G/6G comparison, only the differences between the brands... Reply
7Enigma - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkYikes, I completely misread your comments. That's what I get for posting before double-checking. Please disregard my initial post! Reply
Pastuch - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - link2TB Performance? Who cares... Give us more Anand Home Theater blogs! Now those are interesting!
All we really want to know is if these new Seagates are more reliable than the Seagate 7200.11s or the WD Greens. In fact if you look at all of the drives over 1TB there are VERY FEW that are reliable.
The HD manufacturers need to forget 2tb and move to 4tb drives asap. My blu-ray backups already take up 5 Terabytes and it's growing exponentially.
If we wanted HD performance we'd be reading your SSD articles ;) Reply
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falc0ne - Thursday, November 05, 2009 - linkbluray backups...maaan are u nuts? :))
this is an example with:"don't do this at home" :))
Woa you should have seen my 'weddings' bluray movie backup: it takes 2000TB maan i've attended to many weddings:)
Second thoughts: seriously thinking in asking IBM or Google to host my backups:)) Reply
JEDIYoda - Friday, October 30, 2009 - linkWe all care about 2T performance nice review. Thanks for touching on things we all care about!!
Nobody gives a fuck about 4T drives especially when only one person is crying like a weenie. Especially when that weenie is so misinformed about the reliability of drives ovcer 1T!!!
Muahahaha Reply
kmmatney - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - link"All we really want to know is if these new Seagates are more reliable than the Seagate 7200.11s or the WD Greens. In fact if you look at all of the drives over 1TB there are VERY FEW that are reliable."
Exactly. The only thing that is really important with these large drives is how reliable they are. Youc an't really inlcude that in a review of a new product, but really this is way more important than all the other benchmarks. These drives are used for backup and storage and need to be reliable. Reply
Gholam - Monday, November 02, 2009 - linkI don't really care about individual drive reliability. There is no drive that is 100% reliable, and as long as you take proper precautions, drive failures are inconsequential. Reply
SunSamurai - Thursday, October 29, 2009 - linkSIlly person, dont you see where the true potential of these lay?
I would order 1000 of these for a server farm based on the simple fact that in the tests they are taking -1% CPU time. Over 1000 of these drives thats 10x cpu performance! =D Reply
atlmann10 - Friday, October 30, 2009 - linkWow Silly person that's an insult. Well Mr name caller, I would let you know that if you bought 1000 of these and ran your sever farm on SSD drives specifically, especially watching for upgrades in SSD tech you would be loosing. The SSD debate is over anyway now, as Intel said today that SSD drives could not diminish in nand size past 22nm today. What this means is that if it is at 32nm and we go by there tick/tock theory, and we also look at how fast this technology has been moving is, you would have no more than a year and a half max on your time line. After that there will be no greater Nand flash drives. So your server farm would die in a year and a half. I imagine you would recognize a return on your investment in 2-3 years. So if your giving away money I'll send you my address. Reply
lyeoh - Friday, October 30, 2009 - linkWow you don't get it.
Go look at the HD Tune benchmark again. At the time I'm posting this, the "CPU usage" at the bottom right says -1.0%.
See the minus sign?
Do you understand now? Reply
SunSamurai - Friday, October 30, 2009 - linklyeoh, youve restored my faith in humanity!
If only people would use their brains instead of lurking for a post to flame. Reply
lyeoh - Monday, November 02, 2009 - linkBut how do you know I'm human? I could be an AI program that's being tested on forums.
Doesn't it seem to you that some of the posters could be AIs given the sort of comments they make? ;) Reply
tomaccogoats - Friday, October 30, 2009 - linkCan you reference the article where intel said it can't move past 22 nm? That's odd as they announced a couple days ago that they could get down to 5 nm...?? weird O_o
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/10/28/pcms_annou...">http://www.theregister.co.uk/2009/10/28/pcms_annou... Reply
theWhip - Tuesday, June 29, 2010 - linkWhat about 2TB SATA 6GB/s and RAID-Controllers with ROC 1200MHZ 6GB/s 16x or 24x?? The speed must be really good? Reply


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HOUSTON - It was a special day for thousands in Houston. Men, women and children filled cathedrals around the city for Ash Wednesday.
"It's a time of reflection to remember what we went through," said Elizabeth Gerrer, who attends Our Lady of Guadalupe with her two children. "It's also a time for self evaluation and for us to think about what we need to be doing for others."
"For me, it's a time of forgiveness and prayer," said Adriana Guzman. "We try to go through what Jesus went through. Reflect on His sacrifices, and make some of our."
Wednesday is the beginning of Lent, which will start off 40 days and nights of fasting.
"Yes, you can give up food, but I spoke to my kids about giving up some of the things we do. We want to stop the name calling, getting upset when driving and be a better person," said Guerrer.
Wednesday was also the first day Pope Benedict XVI made his first public appearance since announcing that he will be resigning on Feb. 28.
"He will be in my prayers," said Sandra Brown. "I think he's very brave, and he's the only person that knows when it's time for him to give the position up."
Copyright 2013 by Click2Houston.com. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

subset: commoncrawl


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June 2011 — Wadesboro, North Carolina
Thursday, June 30, 2011 — WADESBORO — Mr. Y. Wallace Adcock, Jr., 79, died peacefully Thursday, June 23, 2011 at Meadowview Terrace Assisted Living in Wadesboro. A service to celebrate the life of Wallace Adcock was at 3 p.m. Sunday, June 26, 2011 at First Baptist Church, Wadesboro with Dr. Robert L. Hunter, Jr. officiating. Interment followed in Anson Memorial Park. Wallace was born in Durham, NC on October 1, 1931, a son of the late Y. Wallace and Eunice Brown Adcock. He attended Durham High School and joined the U.S. Naval Reserve while still in high school. In 1951, during the Korean Conflict, Wallace volunteered for active duty and served as a Submarine Tender for the USS Sperry and the USS Nereus in the 11th Naval District, San Diego, Calif. until his discharge in 1953. In November 1953, Wallace joined the NC State Highway Patrol and graduated from basic patrol school at the Institute of Government in Chapel Hill in 1954. His first appointment was to Anson County where he faithfully "patrolled" until his retirement in December 1984 with 31 years of service. In 1985, Wallace joined the staff of Leavitt Funeral Home and continued to serve the people of Anson County until his retirement in 2005. A member of First Baptist Church since his arrival in Anson County, Wallace was productive in many facets of church activities and groups, most notable serving as Sunday School Secretary for many years. He was also a member of the Oasis Temple of the Shrine and Kilwinning Masonic Lodge # 64. Survivors include his daughters and sons-in-law, Cheryl A. and Jim E. Cameron of Oakboro and Deborah A. and Randy Thomas of Marshville; grandchildren, Stephanie T. Church and husband, Jerry of Monroe, Carrie A. Cameron of Monroe, and Shannon T. Carpenter and husband, Justin of Peachland; and great-grandchildren, Alexys Church, Jada Church, Juliana Church, Weston Carpenter and Daylen Carpenter. His grandson, Robert Wallace Thomas preceded him in death. Also surviving are his sisters, Julia A. Moore of Durham and Faye A. Dennis of Roanoke, Va.; a niece, Vickie Marie Moore of Durham and a nephew, Bobby Dennis of Roanoke, Va. Memorials may be made to First Baptist Church, PO Box 423, Wadesboro, NC 28170; or to Kilwinning Masonic Lodge # 64, PO Box 777, Wadesboro, NC 28170; or to Meadowview Terrace Assisted Living Activity Department, Attn: Teresa Pope, 123 Anson High School Rd., Wadesboro, NC 28170; or to Hospice of Union County, 700 W. Roosevelt Blvd., Monroe, NC 28110. The arrangements are in care of Leavitt Funeral Home. Online condolences may be made at www.leavittfuneralhomewadesboro.com.


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CALLS for an urgent review of the lighting on East Lancashire's main motorway have increased after a fatal crash on Saturday.
Best friends Mohammed Iqbal, 48, and Mazafer Iqbal, 47, were travelling along the eastbound carriageway of the M65 when the crash happened between junctions nine and 10 at 2.15am.
Burnley MP Gordon Birtwistle has joined Pendle MP Andrew Stephenson and Blackburn MP Jack Straw in expressing his desire for night-time street lighting to be considered along the route.
Last November, the Lancashire Telegraph launched its Turn The Lights On campaign after the death of Burnley-born Mark Burgess, 39, who was thrown from his car when it crashed into a barrier near junction eight.
Mr Birtwistle said: "The lighting should be on, no question. I have supported the campaign since it was launched and this tragic event goes to show why.
"How much is a life worth? I can't believe it only saves such little money. Is that what these men are worth?
County Coun Terry Burns, Labour member for Burnley North East, and County Coun Jeff Sumner, Lib Dem representative for Burnley South West, also called for the lights to be turned on.
Coun Sumner said: "It's all about saving money but we need to start saving lives. I know there are budget cuts, but without wanting to politicise those, let's just get the lights back on."
Although there is no indication that Mr Burgess's crash was linked to the lack of lighting, motorists caught up in the aftermath of the collision said they believed they would have been able to avoid debris had there been lights.
The Highways Agency, which is responsible for the motorway between junctions one and 10, permanently switched off the lights between junction seven at Clayton-le-Moors and 10 at Burnley in 2011 as part of a scheme designed to save around 350 tonnes of carbon every year.
Junctions one to seven have never had lights except at junctions, while the section of the M65 between junctions 10 and 14 is the responsibility of Lancashire County Council.
The lights are switched off between midnight and 5am in order to save the authority £10,000 each year.
However there are plans afoot to remove the lights next year when work is carried out top strengthen the central reservation.
Following an inquest into Mr Burgess' death, Blackburn, Hyndburn and the Ribble Valley coroner Michael Singleton asked the Highways Agency to reconsider its 2011 decision, and a review is due to to be carried out in September.
County Councillor Tony Martin, for Burnley Central West, said he was unsure if lights would make a huge difference: "I drive up it quite a lot and while I found the lights helpful when they were on, I still feel the motorway is one of the safest."
East Lancashire coroner Richard Taylor is expected to open inquests into Mohammed and Mazafer Iqbal's deaths today or tomorrow once formal identification and post-mortem examinations have been completed.
Pendle councillor Mohammed Iqbal, a friend of the men, said their funerals would take place this week.


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BigDataCamp @Strata Santa Clara 2013
Monday, February 25, 2013 from 5:30 PM to 10:00 PM (PST)
Event Details
BigDataCamp takes place the night before the O'Reilly's Strata Conference. We invite all attendees and anyone else interested in Big Data to join us for a lively discussion, finger food, and a frosty beverage or two.
BigDataCamp is an unconference for users of Hadoop and related Big Data technologies to exchange ideas in a loosely distributed format. Led by CloudCamp's Dave Nielsen, attendees are encouraged to share thoughts in open discussions with community-proposed topics, including Lightning Talks & Unconference Sessions.
Data engineers, enterprise architects, developers, analysts, data mining and business intelligence professionals are encouraged to attend and mix with other members of the community.
Sant Clara Convention Center (co-located with O'Reilly Strata)
5001 Great America Parkway
Grand Ballroom AB
Santa Clara, CA 95054
Schedule: Feb 25, 2013
5:30pm - Registration, Finger Food & Networking
6:00pm - Welcome, Thank-you & Introductions - Dave Nielsen
6:15pm - Lightning Talks:
- "Elephant in the Cloud: How-to optimize Hadoop in the cloud" - Sadiq Shaik of Qubole
- "Making impossible use cases possible: Pluggable Sort in Hadoop" - Keith Kohl of Syncsort
- "Big Data for Entrepreneurs and Investors" by Bruno Aziza of SiSense
- "Monetizing Math: Algorithms as a Product" by Andy Bartley of algorithms.io
7:15pm - Organize Unconference
7:30pm - Breakout Sessions - Round 1
- "Big Data on any Cloud" - Nati Shalom of Gigaspaces
- "In-Memory, Big Data and Hadoop" by Eldad Farkash of SiSense
8:15pm - Breakout Sessions - Round 2
9:00pm - Breakout Sessions - Round 3
9:45pm - Wrap Up (1 minute summary of each session)
10:00pm - Drinks? Marriott Hotel Bar?
Organizer & Facilitator:
Dave Nielsen of Platform D
Volunteers: Registration: Khanh Hoang. To volunteer, email firstname.lastname@example.com
Follow us at: http://twitter.com/bigdatacamp
Register for O'Reilly's Strata Conference using discount code BDC20 and get 20% off your pass
Thank you to our supporters:
access alternatives analysis analytics architecture aws based batch best business case cloud computing data distributed exists file financial flume full future getting going graphs hadoop hdfs important language learning management map-reduce mining models nlp nosql practices predictive processing real-time report social solutions storage structured system text used visualization wants web
Topics of interest from attendees:
Real-time BigData & lots more
When & Where
Santa Clara Convention Center
5001 Great America Parkway
Grand Ballroom AB
Santa Clara,
Monday, February 25, 2013 from 5:30 PM to 10:00 PM (PST)
Add to my calendar
BigDataCamp is an unconference for users of Hadoop and related technologies to exchange ideas in a loosely distributed format.


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Your Kindle is now compatible with our e-book service. Come in to this program on Monday, March 5 at 7 P.M. to see how to use your Kindle to borrow e-books. A QA session will follow the demonstration. - MA
The program is FREE and open to the public. See Adult Services to sign up or call 630-260-1550 for any questions or register online at www.glensidepld.org.


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Learn where Saint Catharine College ranks among the "best of the best" nationally, regionally and within Kentucky
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You won't be able to dismiss this by usual means (escape or click button), but you can close it programatically based on user choices or actions.
"I ordered these thank you cards for my wedding and they are beautiful. I used a Hi-Res photo from my photographer and because of the card stock the picture isn't as crisp as it could be. Other than that it really is a beautiful card. I used Wedding Paper Divas for my invitations as well. I love this site and the ease of placing orders."
"This is my second purchase from wedding paper divas and again I am very happy with my product. Easy site to navigate, super fast delivery all the way to NZ. The print and paper quality would have been perfect if the bottom pictures hadn't been cropped slightly. They still look great but it may pay to check your not going to lose anything important if the bottom is cropped just a smidge. Again very pleased with this company :)"
"WeddingPaperDivas was wonderful to help me customize the card for my wedding colors and the paper and envelopes are great quality."
"I loved our thank you cards. We chose the color coast on the cards and added all of our coastal wedding pictures and it turned out beautiful."
"I ordered these thank you cards in the Chenille color (blush pink). When the cards arrived and we folded them the blush pink is hardly noticeable and looks almost white. Other than this the card is very nice. the color just seems a bit more pink on the computer than in person."


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Topic: just checking in
I haven't been posting lately and am missing my cc family. I have not been able to read much lately for a variety of reasons, not least because every time I try to go on my laptop my 80 lb "lap" dog jumps on my lap and my laptop. He is very jealous of the computer, I think he knows that my attention is completely directed elsewhere as he does not attempt to stop me from washing dishes! He broke one of the keys on the keyboard and the backing of the chair I usually sit in. He is my brother's dog but has now become mine as well and he has helped me a lot, made me go outside and walk and stop to look at things I don't usually have time for, like birds and squirrels and flowers.
I am also house hunting and I am finding it to be a full-time job and a little sad, many of the houses are in bad shape and you can tell there is a sad story behind it. Yesterday I saw a house that the neighbor said was refinanced many times to pay medical bills.
My Dad has been diagnosed with prostate cancer so I guess cancer is not done with my family. We find out tomorrow if it has spread so please think clear scans.


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Workshop to be held at Anacortes High School, Ceramics Classroom. Saturday, Sunday, Monday: July 20,21,22. $165. Please contact June Haddox, Cascade Clay Artists Workshop coordinator email@example.com, or 360-708-7731. What to Bring sheets distributed when you've signed up.
Anacortes is located an hour's drive north of Seattle; and then 1/2 hour's drive to west. Lots to do if family accompany you whilst you're delving into engobes, terra siglliatas, slips, surface impression and manipulation, sgraffito and layering. Whale watching expeditions, hiking, sailing, fishing, Deception Pass, excellent Anacortes Farmers Market on Saturdays.
Vince Pitelka's reputation and accomplishments and contributions to ceramics are plentiful and legendary. This workshop has been organized by Cascade Clay Artists, and I'm President of this 70+ member group.
Vince Pitelka Workshop in Washington State
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Making Sense of the Intel Haswell Transactional Synchronization eXtensionsby Johan De Gelas on 9/20/2012 12:15 AM EST
29 Comments
Back to Article
Paul Tarnowski - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkSo it's good that the locking is finally being addressed at the CPU level, but that just means that even fewer developers will bother using fine-grain locking.
Which isn't necessarily a bad thing, because they will be able to either spend the time and money on something else, or save, but it does mean that their software will be less efficient on older CPUs. Which in turn means that unless AMD comes up with a similar system that achieves the same effect, they will be even more behind. In the short term, of course, this just means that Haswell might improve any multi-threaded program that has been recompiled using the updated libraries.
The one thing that does make me hesitant is that it works on only one chacheline at a time, as well as all the abort conditions. That makes me think that the graph shown is a best-case scenario, and actual improvements in real world scenarios would be far less. Reply
anubis44 - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkAMD and Intel have cross-licensing agreements for instructions each of them come up with. That's why Intel can build AMDx64 compatible CPUs (AMD designed the 64 bit extensions we're all using in both AMD and Intel CPUs) and AMD has SSE instructions. This is an automatic thing, so no further agreements need to be made. You can bet these instructions will show up in the next generation of AMD CPUs after Intel releases them. Reply
Brutalizer - Saturday, September 22, 2012 - linkSun built Transactional Memory years ago with their SPARC ROCK cpu, to be used in the new SuperNova Solaris servers. But for various reasons ROCK was killed (I heard that it used too much wattage, among other problems).
The good news is that ROCK research is not wasted, most of it is used in newer products. The new coming SPARC T5 to be released this year, has Transactional Memory. It will probably be the first sold cpu that offers TM. Reply
HibyPrime1 - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkI don't really understand why this has to be implemented in hardware.
Can't a developer just write the programming assuming the threads wont interfere with each other? After doing that, the program does a simple check to see if something went wrong, and if it did, it falls back to coarse grained locking.
I'm not sure how this is supposed to make it significantly easier for the developers. I'm sure that I'm missing something, but doesn't TSX just mean the developer doesn't have to write code that checks to see if something got broken? seems to me that part would be the easiest part of all this locking coding... Reply
twotwotwo - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkThe short answer is, an approach like that kind of *does* exist (search for optimistic concurrency control), but it still takes work to detect when things went wrong and be able to clean up.
In Intel's bank example, you might need some kind of indexed concurrency-proof transaction history so the bank can know that when I gave $50 to Alice and $60 to Bob, both transactions used a $100 starting balance. And the code needs to know how to undo a transaction that collided with another. To complicate things, many live systems deal with larger transactions than just two-person money transfers like Intel's example. Optimistic control can still be a step up from spinlocks (or people would never use it) but it doesn't come for free. Reply
Tuna-Fish - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkTransactional memory can, and has been, implemented in software. The typical examples are Clojure and Haskell. However, doing the tracking in software generally takes a lot of resources, especially because you have to deal with all kinds of race conditions. Remember that without some kind of hardware support for concurrency, every single write and read operation is independent, and something could go wrong at any point, including during the verify/restore phase. Reply
name99 - Friday, September 21, 2012 - linkThis is not a technology to make parallel programming automatic or even easier. It is a technology to make ONE PART of parallel programming, namely the locking MORE EFFICIENT. That is all.
This has the consequence that one can write an app using fewer, coarser grained locks, and have it perform as well as if you'd used finer grained locked, but again, that is all. In particular
- it doesn't do the locking for you, it doesn't tell you what needs to be protected by locks, it doesn't catch stupid usage of locks, etc etc
- it doesn't help with everything else related to parallel programming, from choosing appropriate data structures to choosing appropriate algorithms.
As for doing it in SW, well, yes, at the end of the day you can do EVERYTHING in software. But Intel is in the business of moving as much as possible of what is slow in software into faster hardware. That's why we have everything from branch prediction to AES instructions to QuickSync in modern CPUs.
Finally, it's foolish to obsess too much about implementation details, like how the L1 cache is used. EVERYTHING in HW is a tradeoff and, just like you can invent some pathological code that runs slower under branch prediction, you can invent pathological code that runs slower under this implementation of the locking mechanism. As always, Intel will look at how these extensions are used in practice, and how they fail, and will modify how they are implemented as a result. This is just common sense. Reply
softdrinkviking - Monday, September 24, 2012 - linkhmm. so would you say that recent generation Intel CPUs are well utilized? All of the instructions and features not only make sense, but are well utilized by a majority of developers? Reply
epobirs - Thursday, September 27, 2012 - linkThat depends on what you consider an acceptable time scale for widespread usage of a hardware feature. Everything has to start somewhere. Nobody today would bother to mention that their software takes advantage of MMX and its successors but at one time it carried some novelty value. The real benefits came when it was so common in the hardware and compiler support that it no longer merited mention. Reply
epobirs - Thursday, September 27, 2012 - linkFor the traditional reason you create any dedicated function in hardware: performance. Intel is betting this is going to matter hugely to scaling up the value of multi-core processors.
Such things have a long history. MMX was the result of examing many, many pieces of of software and looking for functions then done entirely in software on most systems that could be accelerated for a minimal investment in transistor real estate.
There was a period of a few years when a 3D accelerator board was a separate item from the video board. The 3Dfx Voodoo series worked this way for several generations until the company faltered in trying to transition to complete video solutions on a single board. In that time 3D had gone from something exclusively of interest to gamers and some other specialty apps to a thing expected of every system to some extent. It wasn't long before integrated graphics adapters had the kind of 3D performance that formerly lead people to make a costly separate purchase to obtain.
If something is worth putting in the hardware, it will reveal itself through what is done in the software. From there it is only a question of how many transistors does it take to embody and at what cost? If the numbers are right, into the hardware it goes. Reply
1008anan - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkGood summary Johan De Gelas. Look forward to future articles that further elaborate on how exactly Transactional Synchronization technology (TSX) achieves hardware accelerated transactional memory in a scalable generalized way.
Part of the solution in my opinion is for a core that can have 2 or more simultaneous thread to only execute 1 thread at a time for single threaded computationally heavy work loads. To give an example, a single Haswell Corps can execute 32 single precision (32 bit) operations per clock. At 2 gigahertz SoC speed, a single Corps can execute 64 billion operations per second with single threaded code. Unfortunately this can only help so much. To make major performance gains an efficient generalized scalable way needs to be found to distribute single threaded computational work loads to multiple different cores. Much easier said than done. Reply
extide - Saturday, September 22, 2012 - link32 single precision ops is wrong. How many ops they can do per clock has to do with the front end and how many ports it has in it, not how many bits a particular instruction is. Reply
extide - Saturday, September 22, 2012 - linkto further that, Ivy Bridge has 6 ports and Haswell 8, but each of the ports don't necessarily have the same capabilities. Reply
twotwotwo - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkVery smart idea, very clever to implement it with backwards compatibility, and it's good that Intel's working out uses for die area that aren't just multiplying cores or cache.
But a sad thing is, when this feature really helps your app, like doubles or triples throughput, then it means you must be leaving speed on the table on _other_ platforms--manycore Ivy Bridge or AMD or whatever--because you didn't take fine-grained locks. If the difference matters, then for many years you'll have to go to the effort to do fine-grained locks and make it fast on Ivy Bridge too.
The other thing is, the problem of parallelizing tasks is deeper than just fine-grained locks being tricky. If you want to make, say, a Web browser faster by taking advantage of multiple cores, you still have to do deep thinking and hard work to find tasks that can be split off, deal with dependencies, etc. Smart folks are trying to do that, but they _still_ have hard work when they're on systems with transactional memory.
That may be overly pessimistic. It's likely apps today _are_ leaving performance on the table by taking coarse locks for simplicity's sake, and they'll get zippier when TSX is dropped in. Or maybe transactional memory will be everywhere, or on all the massively multicore devices anyway, faster than I think. Or, finally, maybe Intel knows TSX won't have its greatest effects for a long time but is making a plan for the very long term like only Intel can. Reply
Paul Tarnowski - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkI think it's the last one more than anything else. It really seems to be about setting up architecture for the future. Right now with four and eight cores the losses aren't that high, and effects won't be seen on anything but servers. While it is a big deal, it will be even less important to the consumer market than most other architecture extensions. Reply
USER8000 - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkThis an article from them nearly three years ago:
http://blogs.amd.com/developer/2009/11/17/the-velo... Reply
NeBlackCat - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkI stopped reading at the end of the 2nd para after the bar chart on the first page:
"The root of the locking problems is that locking is a trade-off. Suppose you have a shared data structure such as a small table or list. If the developer is time constrained, which is often the case, the easiest way to guarantee consistency is to let a certain thread lock the entire data structure (e.g. the table lock of MySQL MyISAM). The thread acquires the lock and then executes its code (the critical section). Meanwhile all other threads are blocked until the thread releases the lock on the structure (*). However, locking a piece of data is only necessary if two threads want to write to it. (**)"
(*) all other threads arent locked, only those that also need access to the same data.
(**) locking a piece of data is only *one* thread wants to write it (else you risk a reader reading it before the writer has finished writing it)
And if the first locker is doing something that may take (in CPU terms) considerable time, likely in the database scenario, then the OS will probably schedule something else (there are always other processes and threads wanting to run) on a core/hyperthread running a blocked thread, so it wont sit idle anyway.
Unless things have changed since I was a real time software engineer, anyway Reply
Wardrop - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkI think your nitpicking. We all understand the locking problem (those of us that it's relevant to anyway). There's no point in the author going into more detail to clarify what we all should already know - he gives us enough information for us to at least know what he's talking about, and that was the point of that paragraph. Reply
JohanAnandtech - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - link"all other threads arent locked, only those that also need access to the same data."
With a bit of goodwill, you would accept that this is implied.
" then the OS will probably schedule something else "
Right. But it is no free lunch. In the case of a spinlock, there will several attempts to lock and then a context switch. That is thousands of cycles lost without doing any useful work. BTW if you really want to see some in depth cases, we linked to
which goes in a lot more detail. Reply
gchernis - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkOP did not explain why software-transactional memory (STM) is good, before diving into Intel's hardware solution. Current breed of databases use STM, but so can other applications. The prerequisite is the assumption that there's much more reading than there's writing going on. Reply
dealcorn - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkThe graphs indicate the benefit of HLE versus no HLE gets bigger as the number of threads increase. However, they lack scaling on the horizonal axis: I have no sense of the benefit at real world numbers like 8 threads, 12 threads and 16 threads.
Is the primary benefit of RTM greater CPU performance or programmer productivity? Reply
GatoRat - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkWith the right application, you get both. With the wrong application, you get an apparent increase in productivity at the cost of performance. In the end, you still need smart, experienced and expensive engineers to know when to use this technology and when not to. Reply
GatoRat - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkIt fails to properly explain what STM is. Unfortunately, most of the descriptions I've read make the same fundamental mistake made in this article--you don't lock a data structure or variables, you lock code. This difference is important because it means you can control it very exactly. These same articles then basically argue that STM is beneficial to lazy programmers who use locks too broadly. Yet programmers who do that aren't going to use STM, which is far more complicated and for which the benefits are dubious outside of some very narrow applications.
My own experience is that non-locking algorithms are highly problematic and rarely give a performance advantage over using carefully designed locking algorithms. Moreover, in several situations a crudely designed locking algorithm can perform extremely fast due to the decreased complexity of the overall algorithm.
Bottom line is that what Intel has been doing, even with Nehelem, is fantastic, but thinking this will obviate the need for spending a lot of time and effort and brain power is delusional. On the other hand, it will help in the myriad of situations where management contradicts reality and says "it's good enough." Reply
GatoRat - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkIncidentally, STM imposes a very real overhead which can easily cause worse performance than the alternative. Between the overhead and the increased complexity in code, in lightly loaded systems, the performance will always be worse.
The hype is similar to that of parallel programming and will have just as dismal results. Like with parallel programming, you need a certain mindset and a problem which is conducive to being solved in that matter. I recently worked on a problem which simply had too many threads and asynchronous events due to the underlying (and well known) framework. STM would have been a disaster. I designed a pseudo-parallel architecture, but was never able to implement and test it due to the project being put on hiatus (by new management that was utterly clueless.) Reply
clarkn0va - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkYou know these new extensions will succeed and rapidly gain market share because the marketers managed to use a capital X in the name. Reply
glugglug - Thursday, September 20, 2012 - linkOther than real lock-contention, where HLE will net a small improvement even over fine-grained locks, the situations where it won't work (i.e. running out of L1 cache lines) come into play just as much with only 1 thread running, and the code that gets hit by these will lose its single-threaded performance. Worst case would be single threaded performance hit near 50%, but I think that would be extremely rare. Still, the amount of multithreaded gain is deceptive when you are hindering the single threaded performance.
Also, in order to avoid that single threaded hit you end up going back to fine grained locks -- the coarse locks are more likely to hit the restrictions and have to re-run. Reply
JonBendtsen - Friday, September 21, 2012 - linkWhere are the scaling on the graphs? without scales the graph is useless. Reply
wwwcd - Friday, September 21, 2012 - linkConclusion: The Need for doubling or quadrupling the amount of cache on the first floor rather than continuing torture tricks with software to optimize the use of already too little used since time immemorial volume. Of course, accompanied by the necessary improvement of the design of the CPU cores and adjusting volume levels of other caches.
It is also necessary to increase the throughput of caches, or by widening the bus or increase their frequency of use, or by both methods Reply
mallik79 - Monday, September 24, 2012 - linkI work for improving performance on a large commercial database.
Challenge seems to be multi-CPU than multi-core.
Bottlenecks get magnified by adding cpu's instead of cores.
(we have custom spinlock code, donot use system provided primitives).
How many ever cores you add to a CPU, people still want multi-CPU huge boxes to run their databases.
So does this transaction memory caching makes life tougher for multi-CPU as the lock is nearer to a particular CPU, it makes cores of other CPU starve?
Thanks for all the in-depth reviews. Reply


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Zach Lowe seems to think the Bulls should make a run at Lance:
If I were Gar Forman/John Paxson, I'd think hard about breaking the bank for Lance Stephenson — an unrestricted free agent who could work on the wing next to Butler and effectively serve as the team's backup point guard, a role Stephenson is playing now for Indiana. Stephenson is a rare thing — an under-25, unrestricted free agent. The Bulls might have to carve out a bit more room to realistically chase him, perhaps by salary-dumping the helpless Marquis Teague, but it's worth a thought. (Side note on Mirotic: The 2014 draft will mark three years since the Bulls picked Mirotic, meaning they could sign him outside the restrictions of the rookie scale, per several league sources.)


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After a long rest after the busy holiday season, Huckberry is back in full swing, once again stocking the store with all kinds of incredibly cool and useful items!
My Picks This Week
Topping my list this week are Epic Bars, which are protein bars made out of that most basic of proteins — meat. Meat in a bar form is both handy and weird, and according to the guys at Huckberry, quite tasty. Then there are the handsome, American-made bags from Ernest Alexander and the rugged yet refined fountain pens from Kaweco. The handsewn Trust Co. canvas wood carrier in the awesome Winter Essentials Shop will also come in handy this winter — I know we've been going through lots of firewood around here.
The Prize
Any item currently available in the Huckberry Store (with the exception of the Joey Roth speakers). Be sure to check out the current line-up of items as it changes every week.
How to Enter
Leave a comment sharing what you'd like to win.
- Sign up for Huckberry to gain access to their store. You have to sign up because the store and the discounted prices are not available to the public. Just so we're clear, if you sign up for Huckberry, you're opting into receiving weekly emails from Huckberry on their exclusive deals. You can unsubscribe anytime you want.
- Take a look around, pick one item you'd like, and leave a comment on this post sharing your selection.
- Do not make multiple comments. All comments are moderated, so your comment will not show up instantly, but will show up later once it's approved.
- If you are an email subscriber, do not reply to this email to make your entry. You must click on the title of this post, which will take you to the post on our web page. You must make your comment on the post on our web page to be entered.
Deadline to enter is January 30, 2014 at 5PM CDT.
We'll then draw one random comment to select the winner. This lucky gent will get the item they selected and shared in the comments. Good luck!
Last updated: January 30, 2014


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The civic engagement initiatives of The New School for Public Engagement evolve from year to year. Below is a list of some important ongoing projects and partnerships.
Michele Kahane, Faculty Director; Nelesi Rodriguez, Program Manager
The New School Collaboratory, supported by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, is an action research project and university-wide community of practice designed to enhance the university's efforts to foster meaningful, efficacious, and sustainable engagements with communities and external partners.
The New School
Collaboratory website, the online component of this initiative, provides a space for students, faculty, and external partner organizations to discover and learn about how we approach socially engaged learning and public scholarship at The New School; showcase diverse representations of socially engaged projects, pedagogies, approaches, research, and resources across The New School; and connect and collaborate across the university and with external stakeholders.
Michele Kahane and Joseph Heathcott, co-chairs
The Civic Engagement Initiative is specific to Schools of Public Engagement. Intended to promote active citizenship in an interdependent world, the Initiative equips students with the tools to think critically, tread responsibly, and work alongside communities for positive social change. The Initiative brings together faculty, staff, students, and organizational partners to work on four areas of development: The Practical Arts of Citizenship, The New School Tradition, Building a New Division, and The Civic Engagement Project at SPE. The committee works to build long-term partnerships with organizations, giving them access to the resources of the division including faculty and staff consultation, student internships, research and media expertise, and tailored coursework. In turn, partnering organizations provide students with hands-on experience and valuable insights into the work of civil society. This approach enriches the university, the partnering organizations, and the broader communities they serve. The committee approaches community partners as co-learners and co-educators in the ongoing process of social change.
Steering Committee: Michele Kahane, Cynthia Lawson, Judy Mejia, Mary Watson, and Tony Whitfield
The university-wide
Social Innovation Initiative aims to enhance the capacity of individuals, communities, and organizations to devise effective, just, and sustainable solutions to social and environmental problems. A cross divisional partnership between the Schools of Public Engagement, Parsons School of Design, and Eugene Lang College, the initiative enables students to become versatile change makers, equipping them to address contemporary social and environmental challenges. The New School community of faculty and students are developing a foundation of knowledge about social innovation, a body of applied research and creative and professional practice, and methods of experiential teaching and learning. The initiative began in 2009, as part of the Ashoka U Changemaker Campus Initiative.
Project Leaders: Joseph Heathcott and Laura Auricchio.
The Humanities In Public/Practice (HIPP) project is an effort to triangulate public humanities, civic engagement, and adult "non-traditional" student learning, emphasizing the humanities as a key arena for civic, vocational, and cognitive development. The project supports an ensemble of public humanities initiatives which are embedded in courses in the undergraduate curriculum. The project comprises a group of faculty members who incorporate civic dialogue into their classes, furthering a specific ethos and/or desired learning outcome. The courses engage themes from slavery to public art to the ethics of documentary representation and are designed to help students take part in "difficult dialogues" around a range of campus or community-based issues.
Initiated by Dennis Derryck, professor of professional practice in nonprofit management at the Milano School of International Affairs, Management, and Urban Policy, the Corbin Hill Farm Project aims to bring local produce to "food deserts" like the South Bronx and Harlem. Many students, faculty, alumni, and staff have participated in this effective food justice project that addresses the South Bronx's economic and nutritional needs. The program runs on a Community Supported Agriculture model, in which members of the Farm Share support communities and also receive the benefits of fresh seasonal produce. All members of the New School community are
invited to join.
Organizer: Robin Hayes
Founded and organized by Milano professor Robin Hayes,
Progressive Pupil is a nonprofit organization that "makes Black Studies for everybody" by creating digital media and documentary films. The organization is producing the documentary
Black and Cuba, directed by Hayes. The feature film follows a predominately Black group of Yale students who feel like outcasts at their elite institution and their travels to Cuba to "see if revolution is truly possible." The organization offers a Social Media Education and Outreach Program through which students in the
Making a Difference course, a required course in the Milano management program, write for and comment on the organization's blog, which averages over 1000 views per week internationally. Progressive Pupil also runs an internship program for students at The New School who are from communities that are underrepresented in documentary filmmaking, digital media making, and nonprofit management and/or who are committed to promoting diversity in those fields. The organization is fiscally sponsored by the San Francisco Film Society.
Youth Media Makers program is a collaboration through the Video Lab's externship project: High school students who attend the Eyebeam Art + Technology Center work with graduate student mentors from the School of Media Studies to complete media projects based on their individual interests in social and environmental issues. The program culminates with a final public screening of student work.
Melissa Friedling, School of Media Studies, Civic Engagement Grant Fund recipient
This project revives an historic partnership between the Millennium Film Workshop and The New School that began in 1965-1966 as part of the federal government's anti-poverty "street school" program. In its 45-year history, the Millennium Film Workshop has served as a community-based media arts center, providing open and affordable access to skills, equipment, and appreciation of the moving image. The project supports a public program series presented at The New School and the development of curriculum related to the program and to the history of Millennium and other community-based arts and media programs.
Lesley Painter-Farrell, School of Language Teaching and Learning, Civic Engagement Grant Fund recipient
Many immigrants working in the food industry in New York City work such long hours that they do not have the time for English language classes. However, the acquisition of basic English skills is essential not only to the improvement of employment opportunities, but to broader participation in democratic institutions and civic life. Through this program, students in the Master's in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (MATESOL) program teach English to small groups of restaurant employees in their workplaces. This is done in partnership with restaurant owners and restaurant management companies who understand the needs of their workers.
Claire Potter, Julia Foulkes, Laura Aurricchio, Ricardo Montez, School of Undergraduate Studies, and Shannon Mattern, School of Media Studies, Civic Engagement Grant Fund recipients
How can the power of the archive be applied for democratically engaged purposes? This project launches a partnership between the Schools of Public Engagement, the New York Public Library, and selected nonprofit websites in search of imaginative, accessible content. Students in SPE humanities and media studies courses research, write, produce, and publish projects based on primary documents, democratizing access to these sources by "mapping" paths through and across collections. These networked paths, or "living finding aids," will demonstrate to the broader public the nature and promise of each collection, and how archive-based research is accomplished. The project includes a colloquium with faculty, archivists, and Web partners.
Lisa Rubin, School of Undergraduate Studies, Civic Engagement Grant Fund recipient
Why do some people in low-income communities refuse treatment for cancer? This project tackles the question in partnership with the Ralph Lauren Center for Cancer Care and Prevention (RLCCCP), a community-based organization in Harlem addressing the needs of medically underserved communities. The primary aim is to investigate treatment refusal using qualitative and participatory research methods, with the long-term goal of improving care. The project also establishes a partnership that provides training opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students interested in public health and health care disparities. Faculty participants develop a curriculum pathway in community psychology, and a set of practices around participatory action research for social justice in health care.
Jeff Smith, Milano School of International Affairs, Management, and Urban Policy, Civic Engagement Grant Fund recipient
Students in Professor Smith's Campaign Management course learn academic theory from assigned readings and receive advice from political practitioners. But one cannot understand how electoral campaigns are run from a book. So, as a means of both increasing civic engagement and helping students understand how campaigns work from the inside, Professor Smith places students as paid interns for the summer on various campaigns in the NYC metro area. Through careful evaluation and outcomes assessment of student experiences in the project, Professor Smith creates a set of training modules and activities around campaign skills, thereby informing the broader development of a curriculum pathway in Leadership and Advocacy at NSPE.
Warren Spielberg, School of Undergraduate Studies, Civic Engagement Grant Fund recipient
To enhance The New School as a space where theory meets practice, this interdisciplinary project will build a curriculum in "co-existence studies" in partnership with Al-Quds University in Jerusalem, Beit Hanina, Palestine, and with NYC-based organizations working to advance co-existence. The emerging field of co-existence goes beyond traditional conflict resolution or management to prepare students to understand and work in the areas of peacemaking and reconciliation, both locally and globally, specifically regarding the management of ethnic and racial conflict. The proposal has three simultaneous and complimentary components: curriculum and course development, public programming, and civic engagement.
Gina Luria Walker, School of Undergraduate Studies, Civic Engagement Grant Fund recipient
Throughout history, learned women have contributed to the collective body of human knowledge, but their contributions remain largely unknown and neglected in the classroom. The New Historia Pedagogical Initiative builds a multimedia online resource designed to support the incorporation of a wide diversity of learned women into K-12 and community education. Drawing on the work of an established network of collaborating scholars, the New Historia site will evolve as an on-line community-based learning program where users can collaborate and contribute to pedagogical research and development, and provide a vital resource for educators eager to incorporate learned women into their lessons.
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The Ongoing Darwinist Deception
Research shows that Darwinism is still continuing to deceive. Surveys carried out in European countries in particular, especially in France, Germany and Britain, have revealed that the great majority of people imagine that the theory of evolution is a scientific fact. People taken in by the evolution deception turn their backs on believing in God and religious moral values. A survey carried out by the United Nations made this abundantly plain. According to the survey, only 18% of Europeans believe that God created man, whereas 82% imagine that man evolved from other species. Country by country the situation is as follows:
- Germany – only 14% of the population, of whom 35% are Catholics and 36% Protestants, believe in Creation.
- France – Around 18% of people believe in the fact of creation.
- Britain – 20% of the public believe in Creation.
- Spain – In Spain, with a vast majority of Catholic population, only 13% believe in the fact of Creation.
- Norway – Believers in Creation make up 19% of the population.
- Finland – 80% of the population are evangelical Christians though only 16% believe in Creation.
- Sweden – 12% of people believe that God created man.
- Denmark – 9% of the population believe in Creation.
- Belgium – The level of believers in Creation is 10%.
- Switzerland – 24% of the public believe in the fact of Creation.
This picture once again reveals the importance and urgency of explaining how the scientific evidence refutes evolution and why Darwinism is no more than a figment of imagination, and that the scientific truth points to Creation.


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Did you know?
Stellenbosch is home to the longest wine route in South Africa.
The Hydro at Stellenbosch is a tranquil place of great beauty and healing. Situated in the mystical Idas Valley near Stellenbosch, The Hydro was the very first genuine wellness destination in the country (and was known as the High Rustenburg Health Hydro in the early days.). This hydrospa is the Grand Dame of South African spas where guests not only benefit from world-class treatments but also get a dose of the magical woodlands and crisp air as part of the deal.
This Stellenbosch health spa which incorporates hydro-therapy in all basic packages, was founded by Cleto Saporetti in 1972. Saporetti and his team had a simple health philosophy that was based on the fact that a vital energy exists within us all, and this 'chi' continually acts to rejuvenate body, mind and soul.
Since then, The Hydro at Stellenbosch has become a world leader in the holistic approach to balance a clear mind, healthy body and positive mental attitude. This renowned health and wellness establishment has developed programmes that are specially designed to assist nature in rejuvenating these vital forces. In line with this, the spa's simple aim is to ensure guests unwind totally.
The programme on any typical day may include a massage, hydrotherapy, progressive relaxation, yoga, guided walks and water aerobics. Guests are also encouraged to attend the lectures on diet, exercise and natural healing and choose from a very comprehensive list of additional and specialised treatments. Great emphasis is placed on correct nutrition. No meat is consumed on the premises. Guided by their personal consultant, guests choose either the balanced or elimination detoxification diet. Both diets emphasise fresh fruit and a varied selection of mainly raw vegetables and salads.
While The Hydro does not recommend a frantic exercise schedule, a qualified fitness team offers professional advice and personal guidance in the use of the in-house equipment and facilities. The Hydro has a fully trained staff of over 85, including a team of medical staff, therapists and exercise consultants. And while you're allowing your body to heal itself you can make use of a private swimming pool area for sunbathing and relaxation, the indoor heated swimming pool, or visit the on-site health shop selling books, products and essential items to complement your journey towards a healthier you.
Travel tips & Planning info
Who to contact
The Hydro at Stellenbosch:
Tel: +27 (0)21 809 3800
Email: email@example.com
How to get here
For a map and detailed directions visit The Hydro website.
Best time to visit
It's always a good time to relax and rejuvenate at a health hydro.
Around the area
Visit Dorp Street in Stellenbosch, with its lovely restaurants and quaint shops. Travel along the Stellenbosch Wine Route, but do it before you start your health kick.
What will it cost
Check for special packages on the website.
Length of stay
The Hydro offers numerous packages from day stays to 14 days.
What to pack
Comfortable clothes are best. Sunblock, sun hat and a swimsuit.
Where to stay
There are 47 double rooms and 12 single rooms all with a TV and basic comforts including air-conditioning. Rooms include Budget, Studio, Superior, Premier, Executive and Suites.
What to eat
Guests will eat according to the specific eating plan assigned to them for the duration of their stay at The Hydro.


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A stroke occurs when a blood
vessel in the brain is
blocked or bursts. Without blood and the oxygen it carries, part of the brain
starts to die. The part of the body controlled by the damaged area of the brain
can't work properly.
Brain damage can begin within minutes. That's why it's so important to know the symptoms of stroke and to act fast. Quick treatment can
help limit damage to the brain and increase the chance of a full
Symptoms of a stroke happen
quickly. A stroke may cause:
If you have any of these symptoms, call 911 or other emergency services right away.
See your doctor if you have
symptoms that seem like a stroke, even if they go away quickly. You may have
had a
transient ischemic attack (TIA), sometimes called a
mini-stroke. A TIA is a warning that a stroke may happen soon. Getting early
treatment for a TIA can help prevent a stroke.
There are two types of
You need to see a doctor right away. If a stroke is diagnosed quickly—right after symptoms start—doctors may be able to use medicines that can help you recover better.
The first thing the doctor needs to find out
is what kind of stroke it is: ischemic or hemorrhagic. This is important,
because the medicine given to treat a stroke caused by a blood clot could be
deadly if used for a stroke caused by bleeding in the brain.
find out what kind of stroke it is, the doctor will do a type of X-ray called a
CT scan of the brain, which can show if there is
bleeding. The doctor may order other tests to find the location of the clot or
bleeding, check for the amount of brain damage, and check for other conditions
that can cause symptoms similar to a stroke.
For an ischemic stroke, treatment focuses on restoring blood flow to
the brain. If you get to the hospital right away after symptoms begin, doctors
may use a medicine that dissolves blood clots. Research shows that this
medicine can improve recovery from a stroke, especially if given within 90
minutes of the first symptoms.1 Other medicines may be
given to prevent blood clots and control symptoms.
hemorrhagic stroke can be hard to treat. Doctors may do
surgery or other treatments to stop bleeding or reduce pressure on the brain.
Medicines may be used to control blood pressure, brain swelling, and other
After either kind of stroke and after your condition is stable, treatment shifts to
preventing other problems and future strokes. You may need to take a number of
medicines to control conditions that put you at risk for stroke, such as high
blood pressure or atrial fibrillation. Some people need to have a
surgery to remove
plaque buildup from the blood vessels that supply the
brain (carotid arteries).
The best way to get
better after a stroke is to start
stroke rehabilitation (rehab). The goal of stroke rehab is to help you
regain skills you lost or to make the most of your remaining abilities. Stroke
rehab can also help you take steps to prevent future strokes. You have the
greatest chance of regaining abilities during the first few months after a
stroke. So it is important to start rehab soon after a stroke and do a little
every day.
After you have had a
stroke, you are at risk for having another one. But you can make some important
lifestyle changes that can reduce your risk of stroke and improve your overall
Learning about stroke:
Being diagnosed:
Getting treatment:
Ongoing concerns:
Living with stroke:
End-of-life issues:
Health Tools help you make wise health decisions or take action to improve your health.
ischemic stroke is caused by a blood clot that blocks blood flow to the brain.
Low blood pressure may also cause an
ischemic stroke, although this is less common. Low blood pressure results in reduced
blood flow to the brain. It may be caused by narrowed or diseased
arteries, a heart attack, a large loss of blood, or a severe infection.
Some surgeries (such as endarterectomy) or other procedures (such as
carotid artery stenting) that are used to treat narrowed carotid arteries may cause a blood
clot to break loose, resulting in a stroke.
hemorrhagic stroke is caused by bleeding in or around the
Other less common causes include head or neck injuries, certain diseases, and radiation treatment for cancer in the neck or brain.
If you have symptoms of a stroke,
call 911 or other emergency services right away. General symptoms of a
stroke include:
Symptoms can vary depending on whether the stroke is caused by
a blood clot (ischemic stroke) or bleeding (hemorrhagic stroke), where the stroke occurs in the brain, and how bad it is.
A stroke usually happens suddenly but may occur over hours. For example, you may have mild weakness at first. Over time, you may not be able to move the arm and leg on one side of your body.
If several smaller strokes occur over time, you may
have a more gradual change in walking, balance, thinking, or behavior. This is called multi-infarct dementia.
It isn't always easy for people to recognize symptoms of a
small stroke. They may mistakenly think the symptoms can be attributed to
aging. Or the symptoms may be confused with those of other conditions that
cause similar symptoms.
When you have an
ischemic stroke, the oxygen-rich blood supply to part of your brain is reduced.
With a
hemorrhagic stroke, there is bleeding in the
After about 4 minutes without blood and oxygen,
brain cells become damaged and may die. The body tries to restore
blood and oxygen to the cells by enlarging other blood vessels (arteries) near
the area.
If blood supply isn't restored, permanent damage
usually occurs. The body parts
controlled by those damaged cells cannot function.
This loss of function may be mild or
severe. It may be temporary or permanent. It depends on where and how much of the
brain is damaged and how fast the blood supply can be returned to the affected
cells. Life-threatening complications may also occur. This is why it's important to get treatment as soon as possible.
depends on the location and amount of brain damage caused by the stroke, the
ability of other healthy areas of the brain to take over for the
damaged areas, and
rehabilitation. In general, the less damage there is
to the brain tissue, the less disability results and the greater the chances of
a successful recovery.
Stroke is the most common nervous-system–related cause of physical
disability. Of people who survive a stroke, half will
still have some disability 6 months after the stroke.
You have the greatest chance of regaining
your abilities during the first few months after a stroke. Regaining some
abilities, such as speech, comes slowly, if at all. About half of all people
who have a stroke will have some long-term problems with talking,
understanding, and decision-making. They also may have changes in behavior that
affect their relationships with family and friends.
After a stroke, you (or a caregiver)
may also notice:
complications of a stroke, such as
depression and
pneumonia, may develop right away or months to years
after a stroke.
Some long-term problems may be prevented with proper home
treatment and medical follow-up. For more information, see Home Treatment.
A risk factor is anything that makes you more likely to have a particular health problem. Risk factors for stroke that you can treat or change include:
Risk factors you cannot change
Call 911 or other emergency services now if you have signs of a stroke:
Signs of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) are similar to signs of a stroke. But TIA symptoms usually disappear after 10 to 20 minutes, although they may last longer. There is no way to tell whether the symptoms are caused by a stroke or by TIA, so emergency medical care is needed for both conditions.
Call your doctor right away if you:
Call your doctor for an appointment if you:
Doctors who can diagnose and treat stroke
If you need surgery or have other health problems, other
specialists may be consulted, such as a:
Some hospitals have a stroke team made up of many
different health professionals, such as a neurologist, a neuroradiologist, a physical therapist, an occupational
therapist, a speech therapist, a rehabilitation doctor (physiatrist), a nurse,
and a social worker.
To prepare for your appointment, see the topic Making the Most of Your Appointment.
The first test after a stroke is
typically a
CT scan, a
series of X-rays that can show whether there is bleeding in the brain. This
test will show whether the stroke is ischemic or hemorrhagic.
You may also have an MRI.
Other initial tests recommended for ischemic stroke include:
If it seems that you may have a narrowing of
carotid artery, your doctor may want you to have a:
If your doctor
believes that the stroke may have been caused by a problem with your heart, an
echocardiogram or
Holter monitoring or telemetry test may be done.
Guidelines recommend that risk factors for heart disease also be
assessed after a stroke to prevent disability or death from a future heart
problem. This is because many people who have had a stroke also have
coronary artery disease.
Measures will be taken to stabilize your vital signs,
including giving you medicines.
Treatment includes efforts
to control bleeding, reduce pressure in the brain, and stabilize vital signs,
especially blood pressure.
Your treatment will also focus on
preventing another
stroke. This may include:
You may also need to make lifestyle changes such
as quitting smoking, eating heart-healthy foods, and being more active. For more information, see Prevention.
Starting a
rehab program as soon as possible after a
stroke increases your chances of regaining some of the abilities you
It's not
possible to predict how much ability you will regain. The
more ability you retain immediately after a stroke, the more independent you
are likely to be when you are discharged from the hospital.
If your doctor wants to find out how the stroke has affected your ability to reason, concentrate, or remember, you may have neuropsychological tests.
rehab will be based on the physical abilities that were lost, your
general health before the stroke, and your ability to participate.
Rehab begins with helping you resume activities of daily living, such
as eating, bathing, and dressing. For more information, see the topic
Stroke Rehabilitation.
If you are someone whose loved one has had a stroke, you can play an important role in that person's recovery by providing support and encouragement.
If you get
worse, your loved ones may need to move you to a care facility
that can meet your needs, especially if your caregiver has his or her own
health problems that make it difficult to properly care for you.
It is common
for caregivers to neglect their own health when they are caring for a loved one
who has had a stroke. If your caregiver's health declines, the risk of injury
to you and your caregiver may increase.
You can help prevent a stroke if you
control risk factors and treat other medical conditions that can lead to a
These are some of the common risk factors for stroke:
Your doctor will probably prescribe several medicines after you have had a stroke. Medicines to prevent blood clots are typically used, because blood clots can cause TIAs and strokes.
The types of medicines that prevent clotting are:
Cholesterol-lowering and blood-pressure–lowering medicines are also used to prevent TIAs and strokes.
Anticoagulants such as warfarin (for example, Coumadin) prevent blood clots from forming and keep existing blood clots from getting bigger.
You may need to take this type of medicine after a stroke if you have atrial fibrillation or another condition that makes you more likely to have another stroke. For more information, see the topic Atrial Fibrillation.
Antiplatelet medicines keep
platelets in the blood from sticking together.
Statins lower cholesterol and can greatly reduce your risk of having another stroke. Statins even protect against stroke in people who do not have heart disease or high cholesterol.2
If you have high blood pressure, your doctor may want you to take medicines to lower it. Blood pressure medicines include:
Medicines used to treat depression and pain may also be
prescribed after a stroke.
When surgery is being considered after a
stroke, your age, prior overall health, and current
condition are major factors in the decision.
If you have serious blockage in the carotid arteries in your neck, you may need a carotid endarterectomy. During this surgery, a surgeon removes plaque buildup in the carotid arteries. The benefits and risks of this surgery must be carefully weighed, because the surgery itself may cause a stroke.
Treatment for hemorrhagic stroke may include surgery to:
Carotid artery stenting (also called carotid angioplasty and stenting) is sometimes done as an alternative to surgery to prevent stroke.
In this procedure, a doctor threads a thin tube called a catheter through an artery in the groin and up to the carotid artery in your neck. The doctor then uses a tiny balloon to enlarge the narrowed portion of the artery and places a stent to keep the artery open.
Carotid artery stenting is not as common as carotid endarterectomy, a type of surgery.
The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and
Stroke (NINDS), a part of the National Institutes of Health, is the leading
U.S. federal government agency supporting research on brain and nervous system
disorders. It provides the public with educational materials and information
about these disorders.
This association provides information and referrals to
local self-help groups for people who have had a stroke and for their families.
Pamphlets and other information can be obtained by calling the Dallas office (toll-free).
CardioSmart is an online education and support program that can be your partner in heart health. This website engages, informs, and empowers people to take part in their own care and to work well with their health care teams. It has tools and resources to help you prevent, treat, and/or manage heart diseases.
You can set health and wellness goals and track your progress with online tools. You can track your weight, waist measurement, blood pressure, and activity. You can use calculators to help you find your body mass index (BMI) and check your risk for heart problems. You can search for a cardiologist. And you can find medicine information and prepare for your next appointment. Also, you can join online communities to connect with peers and take heart-healthy challenges.
CardioSmart was designed by cardiovascular professionals at the American College of Cardiology, a nonprofit medical society. Members include doctors, nurses, and surgeons.
Nursing Home Compare is a website with information about every Medicare- and Medicaid-certified nursing home in the country. The site allows you to search for nursing homes by name, city, county, state, or ZIP code. It also allows you to compare the quality of nursing homes using a five-star rating. The site also has information on alternatives to nursing homes, such as home care or assisted living.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is a
federal agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. CMS
administers Medicare, Medicaid, and the Children's Health Insurance Program
(CHIP). CMS also has other responsibilities, such as overseeing the health
insurance portability standards, which include the Health Insurance Portability
and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), and ensuring quality care standards in
long-term care facilities and clinical laboratories.
This organization supports and assists
people who are providing long-term care at home. It also provides education,
research, services, and advocacy.
This association provides education, information,
referrals, and research on stroke. Information specific to survivors,
caregivers, family, women, and children is included.
CitationsAdams HP Jr, et al. (2007). Guidelines for the early management of adults with ischemic stroke. Stroke, 38(5): 1655–1711. Also available online: http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/38/5/1655.full.Adams RJ (2008). AHA/ASA science advisory: Update to the AHA/ASA recommendations for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack. Stroke, 39(5): 1647–1652. Also available online: http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/39/5/1647.full.pdf.Other Works ConsultedAbbott AL (2009). Medical (nonsurgical) intervention alone is now best for prevention of stroke associated with asymptomatic severe carotid stenosis. Stroke, 40(10): e573–e583.Adams RJ, et al. (2003). Coronary risk evaluation in patients with transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke. Circulation, 108(10): 1278–1290. Also available online: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/108/10/1278.full.Brott TG, et al. (2010). Stenting versus endarterectomy for treatment of carotid-artery stenosis. New England Journal of Medicine, 363(1): 11–23.Connolly ES Jr, et al. (2012). Guidelines for the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Also available online: http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/early/2012/05/03/STR.0b013e3182587839.full.pdf+html.Ederle J, et al. (2009). Randomized controlled trials comparing endarterectomy and endovascular treatment for carotid artery stenosis: A Cochrane systematic review. Stroke, 40(4): 1373–1380.Goldstein LB, et al. (2010). Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: A guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. Published online December 2, 2010 (doi: 10.1161/STR.0b013e3181fcb238). Also available online: http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/42/2/517.full.Guyatt GH, et al. (2012). Executive summary: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed.—American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest, 141(2, Suppl): 7S–47S.International Carotid Stenting Study investigators (2010). Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): An interim analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Lancet, 375(9719): 985–997.Lansberg MG, et al. (2012). Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke. Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed. American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest, 141(2, Suppl): e601S–e636S. Also available online:Latchaw RE, et al. (2003). Guidelines and recommendations for perfusion imaging in cerebral ischemia. Stroke, 34(4): 1084–1104. Also available online: http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/34/4/1084.full.Morgenstern LB, et al. (2010). Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke, 41(9): 2108–2129. Also available online: http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/41/9/2108.full.Skinner JS, Cooper A (2011). Secondary prevention of ischaemic cardiac events, search date May 2010. BMJ Clinical Evidence. Available online: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.Smith SC, et al. (2011). AHA/ACCF secondary prevention and risk reduction therapy for patients with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease: 2011 update: A guideline from the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology Foundation. Circulation, 124(22): 2458–2473. Also available online: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/124/22/2458.full.Spence JD, et al. (2010). Effects of intensive medical therapy on microemboli and cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Archives of Neurology, 67(2): 180–186.U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2008). 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (ODPHP Publication No. U0036). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Available online: http://www.health.gov/paguidelines/guidelines/default.aspx.U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2007). Screening for carotid artery stenosis. Available online: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsacas.htm.Wahlgren N, et al. (2008). Thrombolysis with alteplase 3-4.5 h after acute ischemic stroke (SITS-ISTR): An observational study. Lancet. Published online September 15, 2008 (doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61339-2).
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Last Revised:
January 3, 2013
Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine & Karin M. Lindholm, DO - Neurology
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We are the primary unit at Oregon Health & Science University that provides education, research and collaboration directed at improving the health of the community. Learn more
What is Public Health?
Public Health is the science and practice of protecting and improving the health of a community, as by preventive medicine, health education, control of communicable diseases, application of sanitary measures, and monitoring of environmental hazards.
What's New in Public Health
As of July 1, 2015, we are now the OHSU-PSU School of Public Health! Learn more about the progress of this exciting joint school!
Read new message from Dean of Research, Thomas M. Becker, MD, PhD
Please visit our News & Events page
Looking For Education Resources?
Visit our Education Programs link for information regarding:
- MPH, MD-MPH, and Biostatistics Certificate, MS, and MBST Admissions and Program Requirements
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To access instructions on registering for classes for the current Academic Year, please visit our How To Register page.