text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 8, 2011
|Filing date
|May 19, 2006
|Priority date
|Apr 30, 2003
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Ronald P. Hohmann, Jr.
|Original Assignee
|Mitek Holdings, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (31), Non-Patent Citations (10), Referenced by (1), Classifications (16), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation-in-part of a patent application entitled Nonmetallic Masonry Flashing bearing application Ser. No. 11/203,769 and filed Aug. 15, 2005, which in turn, was a continuation-in-part of a patent application entitled Metal Foil/Scrim Flashings, bearing Ser. No. 10/427,050, filed Apr. 30, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,928,780 issued Aug. 16, 2005.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an improved flashing system for cavity wall structures, and more specifically to peel-and-stick masonry flashings and more particularly to polymeric flashings utilizing a variety of adhesives with optional fire retardant. Additionally, one embodiment includes a border edge or selvage incorporating a metal or plastic foil lamina as a drip edge.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In the past, investigations relating to cavity wall flashing systems for brick veneer masonry construction have been conducted. While strides have been made in flashing-related technologies, including metal foils, polymeric and elastomeric materials and hot melt adhesives, there still remain several areas where continued development is ongoing.
The inventors' patents and their assignee's product line are all related to accessories for cavity wall structures and include insulation, and anchoring and seismic devices, and are sold under the trademarks of Seismiclip�, Byna-Tie�, and DW-10-X�. These products, which are manufactured by Hohmann & Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788, have become widely accepted in the construction industry and have provided the inventors with particular insight into the technological needs of this marketplace.
Masonry walls with brick veneer are designed with an inner and an outer wythe and a cavity therebetween. The masonry block inner wythe and insulation thereon isolates the interior of the building from the environment, while the brick veneer outer wythe provides an aesthetic finish to the building and a system of weep holes for water removal. The inner wythe of a building is constructed to exclude water and water vapor from the interior. Since the presence of excessive levels of water or water vapor in the cavity hastens the deterioration of building materials, various masonry flashing systems have been adopted to function cooperatively with the system of weep holes.
Because of widespread usage and familiarity with bituminous and asphaltic products in roofing applications, when masonry flashing systems were first designed, the building construction industry adopted the familiar copper and asphalt products. At that time the technology of pressure-sensitive hot melt adhesives needed for peel-and-stick applications was insufficiently developed. Some critics indicated that the tackiness of the non-asphaltic products was insufficient for the rough masonry block surfaces. Because of the presence of plasticizers, others were apprehensive about the available hot melt adhesives meeting the requisite fire retardancy standards. Also, to provide fire retardancy, some pressure-sensitive products were marketed for building construction use with inorganic fillers, such as alumina trihydrate, antimony oxide or calcium carbonate. However, these filled pressure-sensitive products had disadvantages, such as application problems, phase separation, toxicity, and reduced adhesion upon activation.
Prefabricated peel-and-stick flashing materials have been proposed, such as those shown in Harkness, U.S. Pat. No. 4,775,567 (see infra). These materials have included layers of bitumen and of compound bitumen for adhering the materials to the exteriors of masonry walls. While, under ideal circumstances, these peel-and-stick materials were easy to apply, the patent literature indicates that these materials did not conform well to irregular surfaces. Thus, the prior art bitumens used to secure these flashing materials to masonry walls often lacked the tackiness to bond tightly and durably to the wall surfaces. On occasion, when ambient temperatures were high, the bituminous materials drooled marring the aesthetics of the brick veneer.
In the past, the previously mentioned assignee hereof has distributed, under the Copper Aqua Flash membrane name, a line of composite flexible flashings. The composite, in one form thereof, is 50 mil. thick and consists of a 3-ounce, solid sheet of annealed copper laminated on one side to a polyester film and bonded on the other with a highly adhesive SBS modified bitumen (rubberized asphalt) with a peel-and-stick silicone top sheet. By completely encapsulating the copper in the polyester film on one side and rubberized asphalt on the other, the copper is protected from corrosion by alkaline or acidic solutions. Although the rubberized asphalt virtually eliminated the possibility of non-adhered areas, the Copper Aqua Flash membrane still had some of the previously described disadvantages of a bitumen-based flashing system.
Despite these early efforts, developing the right combination of materials and methods for flashing cavity walls in a fast and efficient manner has proved elusive. In addition to the above described technical problems, because there is frequently a delay between erecting the inner wythe and the outer wythe, the flashing installed on the inner wythe is often exposed to substantial ultra-violet radiation. Thus, standards similar to ASTM Specification G154 need to be met by masonry flashing systems.
As flashing for cavity walls involves numerous technological considerations, including, but not limited to, tensile strength, puncture- and tear-resistance, UV exposure, water absorption, pliability, peel and lap adhesion, and flammability, various industry standards under ASTM have arisen which serve as a guide to flashing manufacturers, architectural engineers, and others preparing and meeting construction specifications. Among the relevant ASTM standards are ASTM D 624, Standard test method for tear strength of . . . thermoplastic elastomers; ASTM D 412, Standard test method for . . . thermoplastic elastomers—tension; ASTM D 2240, Standard test method for rubber property—durometer hardness (applies to thermoplastic elastomers); and, ASTM G 154, Standard practice for operating fluorescent light apparatus for UV exposure of nonmetallic materials.
The inventors hereof have in the related inventions cited hereinabove made strides towards resolving some of the problems just described. Hohmann et al., U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,584,746, issued Jul. 1, 2003, 6,928,780, issued Aug. 16, 2005; and, 6,945,000, issued Sep. 10, 2005 provide masonry flashing systems which are suitable either for surface-mounting with a termination bar or for through-wall mounting. The device used state-of-the-art clear hot melt adhesives and a reinforced elastomeric composite.
In preparing for this application the following patents came to the attention of the inventors and are believed to be relevant to the further discussion of the prior art:
U.S. Pat. No.
Issue Date
Hohmann et al.
Sep. 20, 2005
Hohmann et al.
Aug. 16, 2005
Hohmann et al.
Jul. 1, 2003
May 1, 2001
Mar. 14, 2000
Feb. 16, 1999
Jan. 19, 1999
Mar. 27, 1990
Oct. 4, 1988
Jul. 5, 1988
Haage et al.
Oct. 20, 1981
Haage et al.
Dec. 16, 1980
Oakley—U.S. Pat. No. 6,224,700—Issued May 1, 2001
Oakley in U.S. Pat. No. 6,224,700 (assigned to Mar-Flex Systems, Inc., Middletown, Ohio) describes a method of applying a composite material to an above-grade building component to form a tacky non-swelling elastomeric membrane. Thereafter, a flexible, non-porous polymeric sheet is pressed onto the tacky exterior of the elastomeric membrane. The polymeric sheet is stronger than the elastomeric membrane and protects the elastomeric membrane from punctures or tears. Here, in situ construction is both labor intensive and requires special equipment for installation.
Pacific—U.S. Pat. No. 6,035,582—Issued Mar. 14, 2000
Pacific describes a flashing material which includes a sheet layer of copper, aluminum or other metal or a thin sheet of unreinforced plastic. Here it appears that in situ adhesives are applied.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,870,864—Snyder—Issued Feb. 16, 1999
Snyder describes a drainage system employing water collection pans which for insertion into the interior cavities of masonry block units over the length of a selected block wall course for collecting the water drained through the interior cavities of the upper courses and directing water to the exterior of the wall.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,860,259—Laska—Issued Jan. 19, 1999
Laska describes an insulated drainage panel for use in cavity wall or veneer wall construction which panel includes a planar insulating board with a porous structure thereof.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,910,931—Pardue—Issued Mar. 27, 1990
In the Pardue patent, a water collection and drainage system is described for a masonry block wall having bond beam block courses and intervening standard block courses. A system of upper water collection pans is supported along each upper bond beam course. Downspouts leading from drain openings in the upper collection pans drain collected from the pans through the vertical block cavities in lower block courses to the next lower series of collection pans. Weeping spouts lead laterally from the base collection pans to the exterior of the wall to continuously drain collected water from the interior wall cavities.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,775,567 and 4,755,409—Harkness—Issued Oct. 4, 1988 and Jul. 5, 1988, Respectively.
A waterproofing laminate suitable for use in roofs, floors or other surfaces where waterproofing is desired contains a reinforcing sheet, first and second bitumen layers secured to opposite surfaces of the reinforcing sheet, first and second compound bitumen layers secured to the bitumen layers, an elastomeric sheet secured to the first compound bitumen layer and a release sheet secured to the second compound bitumen layer. Certain preferred materials for use in the laminate are recited.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,295,911 and 4,239,795—Haage et al.—Oct. 20, 1981 and Dec. 16, 1980, Respectively.
A protective covering for the protection of surface seals against mechanical damage in building constructions and other civil engineering constructions which comprises a composite of an elastic, waterproof thermoplastic synthetic resin film sheet and/or synthetic resin layer and a lattice-like fabric having knot couplings or points of intersection of the threads that yield under the effect of a load.
The masonry flashing system of this invention includes a selected group of polymeric membranes with clear, pressure-activated adhesive thereon, and a release sheet for peel-and-stick mounting in the cavity between the inner wythe and the outer wythe as described infra. Additionally, one embodiment hereof includes a metal foil drip edge, and, in another, the adhesive layer has been doped with fibrous material to increase the overall strength of the construct. The structure of this invention has been found to obviate the difficulties discussed above and provides other advantages as set forth herein.
In general terms, the masonry flashing disclosed hereby includes a unique membrane and adhesive peel-and-stick combination. The flashing is particularly applicable to cavity walls such as a wall with an inner wythe of masonry block and an outer wythe or veneer of brick. The peel-and-stick flashing structure also includes an adhesive layer which is described hereinbelow as including a clear, pressure activated, hot melt adhesive and various additives. In some embodiments, the additive is selected for the purpose of providing reinforcement to the entire structure. To accomplish this, a fibrous component, such as fiber glass or filamentous fragments of polypropylene, are admixed into the hot melt adhesive. The masonry flashing hereof takes advantage of peel-and-stick technology and, after removal of a release sheet, the adhesive thereon is pressed against the rough surface of the masonry block. The pressure activation creates a durable bond with the inner wythe.
Incorporated into the masonry flashing are various high-strength, polymeric webs. These webs include a spun-bonded polyolefin, an ethylene propylene diene terpolymer, and a polyvinylchloride with an ethylene interpolymer.
The peel-and-stick technology shown herein enables quick and sure flashing of cavity walls which was unavailable prior to the advances in the materials of both polymeric membranes and hot melt adhesives. The detailed description of these materials is provided hereinbelow.
It is an object of the present invention to provide, for cavity wall construction, a high-strength masonry flashing.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide for mounting on the exterior surface of the inner wythe a peel-and-stick polymeric membrane and to precoat the flashing with a pressure-activated, clear adhesive which, upon removal of a release sheet and application of pressure thereto, strongly adheres to the rough and porous surfaces of the masonry block and of the brick.
It is another object of the present invention to provide in a masonry flashing for cavity wall construction, combining clear hot melt adhesive and polymeric membrane technologies in a device free of bituminous or asphaltic coatings, which flashing resists drooling, tearing and puncturing.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a labor-saving masonry flashing which utilizes peel-and-stick components that are easy and economical to install in cavity wall constructs having a masonry block inner wythe and a brick outer wythe.
It is still yet another object of the present invention to provide a masonry flashing which has a built-in drip edge and operates cooperatively with present flashing accessories such as mortar guards and weep hole fittings.
It is a feature of the present invention that the hot melt adhesive hereof is compatible with high-strength flashing membranes hereof and meets industry flammability standards.
It is another feature of the present invention that the flashing membrane hereof is highly, ultraviolet resistant and the adhesive layer of the flashing enhances tear and puncture resistance of the overall structure.
It is yet another feature of the present invention that when the hot melt adhesive is doped with fibrous reinforcement, the bonding of the flashing with the inner wythe is strengthened and the overall device strength is enhanced.
It will become apparent that these aims and other objects and features are best achieved by a peel-and-stick masonry flashing for a cavity wall characterized in that it comprises:
a polymeric web having two major surfaces;
a hot melt adhesive layer disposed on a major surface of said polymeric web, said hot melt adhesive adapted by having sufficient tack to durably adhere to the surface of said masonry block, said hot melt adhesive consisting principally of a thermoplastic elastomer, a tackifier resin and an amorphous diluent in proportions upon pressure activation thereof to provide the required adhesion; and,
a release sheet disposed atop said hot melt adhesive layer, said release sheet being removable prior to activation of said peel-and-stick flashing.
In the following drawings, the same parts in the various views are afforded the same reference designators.
In the single-ply masonry flashing system of this invention, pressure-activated hot melt adhesives and adhesive blends are used to attach high-strength polymeric membranes to the cavity face of the masonry inner wythe and to the upper surface of a course of brick outer wythe. The masonry flashing is emplaced behind the insulation which, in turn, serves to protect against thermal losses, to reduce sound, and to prevent water vapor condensing on colder surfaces. In the embodiments shown, three different types of polymeric membranes are combined with different adhesive formulations. Each flashing is constructed to increase the life of the structure by enhancing the tensile strength and by improving tear and puncture resistance.
In the first embodiment a spun-bonded polyolefin web of flashing is combined with a pressure-activated adhesive and after peeling off a release sheet, is applied to the cavity wall. The pressure-activated adhesive is a hot melt adhesive consisting principally of a thermoplastic elastomer, a tackifier resin and an amorphous diluent. The proportions of the principal constituents are adjusted to provide sufficient tack to durably adhere to the surface of masonry block.
In this embodiment, the overall structure is strengthened by doping the adhesive layer with fibrous material such as fragments of polymeric fiber or fiber glass. In contradistinction to the related cases, the role of the adhesive hereof is changed in emphasis in theat optionally a structurally strengthening, fiber-doped adhesive is used. Such adhesives not only have sufficient tack to adhere to masonry block, but also have substantial reinforcement that adds to the strength of the overall assemblage.
Referring now to
For purposes of this discussion, the exterior surface 32 of the interior wythe 14 contains a horizontal line or x-axis 34 and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis 36. A horizontal line or z-axis 38 also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. A horizontal line or z-axis 38 also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. In the discussion which follows, it will be seen that the masonry flashing system 10 of this invention is constructed to completely seal the cavity, to drain water therefrom and to permit air and water vapor to enter and exit through weep holes 40 that are in communication with the single-ply masonry flashing 10.
Across the cavity 22, in this embodiment, a surface-mounting of the single-ply masonry flashing is shown. The flashing 10 includes a polymeric composite membrane 42 having the laminae machine direction disposed in the laminate so as to enhance the tear and tensile strength thereof. The flashing membrane 42 is constructed for emplacement on surface 32 of interior wythe 14 in an 2-y plane and for extending across cavity 22 into bed joint 28. The cavity 22, upon installation of the flashing, is sealed thereby. In this preferred mode, it is seen that the polymeric membrane 42 is installed behind insulation 46.
The flashing arrangement of the membrane 42 and the brick outer wythe 20, obviates the need for the customary drip plate. However, if desired one, preferably of stainless steel, may be employed or, as described hereinbelow, a combined masonry flashing with a built-in drip plate. Weep holes 40 permit any moisture or condensate to drain away from and out of the cavity 22 and permit air and water vapor to enter into and exit from the cavity.
While polymeric single-ply membrane 42 of this embodiment is spun-bonded polyolefin, the single-ply membrane may be formed from a suitable thermoplastic polymer, for example, homo- and co-polymers of ethylene, polyolefin, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, and ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers. Of these the most preferred materials are polyolefin, polypropylene and high density polyethylene.
Referring now to
a. single-ply lamina 44—spun-bonded polyolefin;
b. pressure-activated, hot-melt adhesive 48 that is fiber-doped with glass fibers 50; and,
c. release sheet 52 (preferably silicone treated).
and each layer is described in further detail below.
Referring again to
The adhesive is formulated so that, in case of fire, the coatings thereof will not contribute to smoke or accelerate flame spreading. The adhesive layer 48 includes an inorganic material, namely, an alkali-resistant fiber glass 50. This additive enhances the overall strength of the flashing system and provides multidirectional reinforcement. Alternative, to being doped with the fiber glass additive 50, the flashing may be strengthened using polymeric fiber fragments. Also, the fiber-doped adhesive layer is formulated to have sufficient tackiness so that a durable bond between the membrane and the rough and porous surface of the masonry block is experienced. The adhesive on the flashing permits lapping of the widths of flashing precluding the use of caulks and sealants at the lapped joints.
Incorporating by reference the Di Rado et al. patent, U.S. Pat. No. 5,106,447, the hot melt adhesive compositions of hot melt layer 56 may be prepared from 10 to 50 weight percent of a thermoplastic elastomer, namely, thermoplastic polybutene-1/ethylene copolymer containing from about 5.5 to about 10%; by weight ethylene (polybutylene); 20 to 50 percent of a tackifier; 15 to 50 percent of an amorphous diluent having a softening point greater than 90 degrees C.; and, 0 to 2 percent of a stabilizer.
The polybutylene copolymers employed herein are copolymers of polybutene-1 and ethylene wherein the ethylene content varies from about 5.5 to about 10% by weight of the copolymer. The applicable isotactic polybutylenes are relatively rigid while in their plastic form but flow readily upon being heated. Expressing molecular weight in terms of melt index, the applicable isotactic polybutylenes to be used in the present adhesive should exhibit a melt index in the range of from about 5 to 2000 dg/min and preferably from 400 to 700 dg/min. The latter melt flow values are determined by the method described in ASTM D1238 and are inversely related to molecular weight, i.e., the lower the melt index, the higher the molecular weight. These copolymers are available from Shell Chemical Company under the Duraflex trademark as Duraflex 8310, 8410, 8510 and 8910, with the 8910 having a melt index of about 700, a grade preferred for use herein. Mixtures of these copolymers may also be used.
The tackifying resins which may be used to extend the adhesive properties of the isotactic polybutylene include: (1) hydrogenated wood rosin or rosin ester; (2) polyterpene resins; (3) aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbon resins; and, (4) partially and fully hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins.
The polyterpene resins have a having a softening point, as determined by an ASTM method E28-58 T, of from about 80 degrees C. to 150 degrees C., the latter polyterpene resins generally resulting from the polymerization of terpene hydrocarbons in the presence of Friedel-Crafts catalysts at moderately low temperatures and including the latter resins which are aromatically modified; examples of commercially available resins of this type being the Nirez resins sold by Reichhold Chemical, the Zonatac resins sold by Arizona, and the Piccolyte S-10, S-25, S-40, S-85, S-100, S-115, S-125 and S-135 resins as sold by Hercules Chemical.
The aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbon resins have a Ball and Ring softening point of from about 80 degrees C. to 160 degrees C., resulting from polymer-ization of monomers consisting primarily of 5 carbon atom olefins and diolefins, and including the latter resins which are aromatically modified, examples of commercially available resins of this type being Wingtack 95 and Wingtack Extra as sold by the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company and the Escorez 1000 series of resins sold by the Exxon Chemical Corporation.
Examples of the partially and fully hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins are resins such as Resin H-130 from Eastman, Escorez 5000 series from Exxon, and Regalrez from Hercules. The amorphous diluents which are needed and present in the adhesive composition include (atactic) amorphous polypropylene or other similar high softening point (i.e. greater than 90 degrees C.), low crystalline diluent, (e.g. amorphous polyalpha-olefins). These diluents, are used at levels of 20 to 50% by weight, preferably about 20 to 25% by weight.
A suitable release paper is applied thereover. After a prescribed cure period, the release paper is removed and the flashing of this invention is applied to the surface of a concrete block. The application to the concrete block is at room temperature utilizing a hand-operated laminating roller to provide the pressure activation. A spring scale is then attached to the masonry flashing and a 65 lb. force is required to peel the flashing from the block. Repeating the test for SBS-modified, peel-and-stick flashing, a force of 27 lb. (max.) is required to peel the flashing from the block.
Among the applicable stabilizers or antioxidants utilized herein are included high molecular weight hindered phenols and multifunctional phenols such as sulfur and phosphorous-containing phenols. Representative hindered phenols include: 1,3,5-trimethyl 2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzyl)benzene; penta-erythrityl tetrakis-3 (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate; 4,4′methylenbis(2,6-tert-butyl-phenol); 4,4′-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-o-cresol); 2,6-di-tertbutylphenol; 6-(4-hydroxy-phenoxy)-2,4-bis(n-octyl-thio)-1,3,5-triazine; di-n-octadecyl 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzylphosphonate; 2-(n-octylthio)-ethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate; and sorbitol hexa [3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate].
The performance of these antioxidants may be further enhanced by utilizing, in conjunction therewith known synergists such, for example, as thiodipropionate esters and phosphites. Particularly useful is distearylthiodipropionate. These stabilizers are generally present in amounts of about up to 2 weight percent, preferably 0.25 to 1.0%. Besides the glass fiber reinforcing agent mentioned above, other additives such as flow modifiers, pigments, dyestuffs, etc., which are conventionally added to hot melt adhesives for various end uses may also be incorporated in minor amounts into the formulations of the present invention.
Referring now to
In showing the additional embodiments hereof, this specification details alternative structures of the polymeric membrane and the adhesive layer. Although shown as specific assemblages, any of the membranes shown and described may optionally be employed with any of the adhesive layers. Thus, the embodiments are only exemplary of the scope of the invention.
In this embodiment, another flashing membrane for surface-mounting in a cavity wall is shown. The flashing of the second embodiment has an ethylene propylene dienemethylene terpolymer-(EPDM) membrane 142. Here the EPDM membrane, a rubber-like polymer 144, is extruded with an extremely smooth surface exhibiting an excellent water-shedding property. Being rubber-like, the EPDM membrane 144 may be modified by the addition during extrusion of recycled rubber.
Consistent with the first embodiment, the flashing arrangement of the membrane 142 and also obviates the need for the customary drip plate; however, if desired one, preferably of stainless steel, may be employed. Similarly, this flashing membrane 142 functions cooperatively with weep holes and thereby permits any moisture or condensate to drain away from and out of the cavity and permits air and water vapor to enter into and exit from the cavity.
As in the prior embodiment, suitable thermoplastic polymers for the membrane are, for example, homo- and co-polymers of ethylene, polyolefin, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, and ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers. The most preferred materials are polyolefin, polypropylene and high density polyethylene.
Referring now to
a. extruded membrane 144—ethylene propylene dienemethylene terpolymer with recycled rubber additive;
b. adhesive layer 148—an admixture of a hot-melt adhesive and a butylated adhesive 148; and,
c. release sheet 152 (preferably silicone treated).
and each layer is described in further detail below.
The adhesive layer 148 of the second embodiment is an admixture of a hot melt adhesive (adapted as described above for sufficient tack) and a butylated adhesive. The latter is present in the total mixture in the range of 5 to 40 percent. In the present case, a 75 percent hot melt adhesive and a 25 percent butylated adhesive mixture provided a non-drool adhesive layer 148 which, upon curing, has a melting point of 225� F. This aspect satisfied the stability requirement when the melting point was above 200� F.
Referring now to
In this embodiment, a cavity wall structure 212 is shown having an inner wythe 214 of masonry blocks 216 and an outer wythe 218 of facing brick 220. Between the inner wythe 214 and the outer wythe 218, a cavity 222 is formed. Successive bed joints 224 and 226 are formed between courses of blocks 216 and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. Also, successive bed joints 228 and 230 are formed between courses of bricks 220 and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. For the surface-mounted flashing installation of this embodiment the flashing 210 is shown extending up to bed joint 226 of the inner wythe 214 and into bed joint 228 of the outer wythe 218.
For purposes of this discussion, the exterior surface 232 of the interior wythe 214 contains a horizontal line or x-axis 234 and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis 236. A horizontal line or z-axis 238 also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. In the discussion which follows, it will be seen that the masonry flashing system 210 of this invention is constructed to completely seal the cavity, to drain water therefrom and to permit air and water vapor to enter and exit through weep holes 240 that are in communication the masonry flashing 210.
Across the cavity 222, in this embodiment, a surface-mounting of the masonry flashing is shown. The flashing 210 includes a single-ply membrane 242 constructed for emplacement on surface 232 of interior wythe 214 in an x-y plane and for extending across cavity 222 through bed joint 228. The addition of a foil drip edge 250 renders the membrane 242 manually formable so that upon being turned downward the flashing retains the displaced position. The cavity 222, upon installation of the flashing, is sealed thereby. In this preferred mode, it is seen that the polymeric membrane 242 is installed behind insulation 244.
In the third embodiment, an alternative flashing membrane for surface mounting in a cavity wall is shown. The flashing of the third embodiment is a 40-mil. thick Elvaloy membrane. In this instance, an integral drop edge 250 is attached to either side of membrane 244. While the drip edge 250 hereof is a stainless steel foil laminated to the longitudinal margin of the membrane 244, any suitable water-shedding means such as a metallized selvage, a metal foil lamina, a plastic foil lamina or a heat-treated margin may be used. Among the metal foils for the water-shedding edging hereof are copper, aluminum, stainless steel, zinc, lead-coated copper, galvanized steel, and terne-coated and epoxy-coated metal foil. Similarly for metallizing the selvage copper, aluminum, steel, zinc and alloys thereof are suggested. It is noted that the edging may be applied to either surface of the membrane 244 to create the manually formable edge.
Referring now to
a. single-ply 244—Elvaloy KEE membrane—40-mil thick;
b. pressure-activated, hot-melt adhesive 248,
c. metal-foil edging 250—stainless steel;
d. foil adhesive—hot melt, (without tackifier of adhesive 248); and,
e. release sheet 252 (preferably silicone treated).
The masonry flashing system of this invention exhibits temperature stability superior to that of bitumen materials and do not break down at high ambient temperatures. In addition, as hot melt adhesives are pressure activated, they set up immediately and reduce the time required for installation. Thus, the bonding of hot melt adhesives to masonry surfaces is immediate and unlike bitumen materials are not dependent on ambient temperatures for cure purposes. This translates into greater quality construction and easier assurance thereof. Another advantage of hot melt adhesives is their economy and applicability to peel-and-stick structures.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 10, 1969
|Apr 17, 1973
|Deering Milliken Res Corp
|Apparatus for the production of non-woven net fabrics
|Jul 22, 1977
|Dec 16, 1980
|Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft
|Protective layer for surface seals in building construction, underground construction, and civil engineering construction
|May 30, 1980
|Oct 20, 1981
|Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft
|Protective layer for surface seals in building construction, underground construction, and civil engineering construction
|Jun 16, 1980
|Aug 2, 1983
|W. R. Grace & Co.
|Self-adhesive roofing laminates having metal layer therein
|Feb 11, 1986
|Apr 14, 1987
|The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company
|Contact adhesive and adhesive system for EPDM elastomers
|Feb 27, 1984
|Aug 18, 1987
|Elf Isolation
|Cladding element for outer facades, and application thereof
|Jan 24, 1986
|Jul 5, 1988
|Hyload Corporation
|Waterproofing laminate
|Aug 8, 1986
|Aug 9, 1988
|Bay Mills Limited
|Reinforcing composite for roofing membranes and process for making such composites
|Oct 24, 1986
|Oct 4, 1988
|Hyload Corporation
|Waterproofing laminate
|Jan 31, 1989
|Mar 27, 1990
|Pardue Jr Leonard C
|Water collection and drainage system for masonry block walls
|Jul 17, 1990
|Apr 21, 1992
|National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation
|Bonding method employing hot melt adhesives for insulation assembly
|Apr 2, 1992
|Jul 27, 1993
|Tom Sourlis
|Mortar and debris collection device and system
|Jul 20, 1993
|Sep 6, 1994
|Tom Sourlis
|Mortar and debris collection device and system
|Apr 24, 1995
|Jun 3, 1997
|Hohmann & Barnard, Inc.
|Surface-mounted veneer anchor
|Jul 17, 1997
|Jan 19, 1999
|Laska; Walter A.
|Masonry insulated board with integral drainage
|Oct 30, 1996
|Feb 16, 1999
|Snyder; Jeffrey Thomas
|Water collection pan for unit masonry wall systems and drainage system incorporating same
|Jul 1, 1997
|Aug 17, 1999
|Sourlis; Tom
|Mortar and debris collection device and system
|Oct 7, 1996
|Feb 15, 2000
|Sourlis; Tom
|Combination flashing and mortar and debris collection device and system
|Mar 17, 1998
|Mar 14, 2000
|Pacific; William L.
|Oct 4, 1999
|Jan 2, 2001
|Tremco Incorporated
|Counter flashing
|Nov 11, 1998
|May 1, 2001
|Mar-Flex Systems, Inc.
|Methods for waterproofing architectural surfaces
|May 10, 2002
|Jul 1, 2003
|Hohmann & Barnard, Inc.
|Masonry flashing system
|May 21, 2003
|Jul 5, 2005
|Tom Sourlis
|Drainage system for use in masonry block construction
|Apr 30, 2003
|Aug 16, 2005
|Hohmann & Barnard, Inc.
|Metal foil/scrim flashings
|Apr 29, 2003
|Sep 20, 2005
|Hohmann & Barnard, Inc.
|Metal foil masonry flashings and termination bar therefor
|May 22, 2003
|Nov 15, 2005
|Pacc Systems I.P., Llc
|Flashing and weep apparatus for masonry wall window and door installations
|Mar 21, 2003
|May 15, 2007
|Tom Sourlis
|Drainage system for use in masonry block construction
|Mar 2, 2005
|Nov 11, 2008
|Tom Sourlis
|Drainage system for use in masonry block construction
|Feb 23, 2004
|Feb 10, 2009
|Polyguard Products, Inc.
|Stress-relieving barrier membrane for concrete slabs and foundation walls
|Sep 27, 2005
|Oct 20, 2009
|Mitek Holdings, Inc.
|Combined sill seal and termite shield (SSTS)
|Aug 4, 1998
|May 2, 2000
|Sourlis; Tom
|Mortar and debris collection device and system
|Advanced Bldg Products, Inc., (Springdale, ME, undated).
|Dur-O-Wal, Inc., Product Catalog (Aurora, II, 2000), p. 14.
|Fiberweb Flashing and Vapor Barrier Systems, Copper Aquaflash, specification sheet, (publication date unknown), 2pp.
|Firestone, FlashGard, Product Specification Sheet (publication date unknown), 2 pp.
|Hohmann & Barnard, Inc., Product Catalog (Hauppage, NY, 2002), pp. 18-20.
|Hyload, Inc., Product Catalog (Wadsworth, OH, 1996).
|Sandell Mfg Co., Inc., (Schenectady, NY, undated).
|Sandell Mfg. Co, Inc., Rubber-Seal Flashing, Product Catalogue Sheet (Schenectady, NY, publication date unknown), 4 pp.
|Wire Bond Corp., Product Catalog (Charlotte, NC, 2002/2003), pp. 18-19.
|York Mfg, Inc., Product Catalog (Sanford, ME, undated).
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 17, 2017
|Jun 8, 2017
|Jk Worldwide Enterprises Inc.
|Thermal break for use in construction
|U.S. Classification
|52/513, 428/295.1, 156/40, 52/383, 52/61, 52/302.6
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 19, 2006
Owner name: HOHMANN & BARNARD, INC., NEW YORK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:RONALD P. HOHMANN, JR.;REEL/FRAME:017901/0845
Effective date: 20060510
|May 28, 2008
Owner name: MITEK HOLDINGS, INC., DELAWARE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HOHMANN & BARNARD, INCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:021006/0171
Effective date: 20080501
|Aug 1, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


text:
If this is your first time on BYC, we suggest you start with one of these three options:
If you're already a member of our community, click here to login & click here to learn what's new!
Is this a Golden hen?
Discussion in 'Pheasants and Partridge (Chukar)' started by Enjaytoo, Oct 9, 2009.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
E.J. Junior finally returned the call he`d asked for three years ago and agreed to terms Wednesday with the Dolphins.
``We (Don Shula and Junior) were on the same bus after that (1986) Pro Bowl Game, and I said if you ever need a linebacker, give me a call,`` said Junior, a two-time Pro Bowl player. ``I guess he remembered.``
Shula said the Dolphins will talk with the 29-year-old free agent again today and might have him signed by Monday.
Junior, who was left unprotected by the Phoenix Cardinals, was considering offers from the Dolphins and the Los Angeles Raiders before choosing Miami.
``He`s a guy we`re very interested in,`` Shula said. ``He`s been a good football player, and we`re anxious to have him come in and help us be a better football team.``
Both Shula and Junior confirmed the two sides reached an agreement Wednesday night. Neither would give the terms, although Junior said it was a two-year agreement. The deal is believed to be for about $1 million for the two years with about a $200,000 signing bonus. The Cardinals paid Junior $700,000 last year, his salary being a big reason why he wasn`t one of Phoenix` 37 protected players.
``They came up with a salary you just can`t sneeze at,`` Junior said. ``And I`m being given the opportunity to play like I wanted to play. That`s two of the things I wanted the most.``
Junior said the Dolphins offered more money than the Raiders, and Shula`s pursuit impressed him.
``I felt that the Dolphins wanted me more than the Raiders,`` he said. ``I liked Coach Shula because he was more aggressive. He was more persistent. He wanted me.
``He`s going to give me a chance to do what I can do -- a la Lawrence Taylor, Andre Tippett, Cornelius Bennett,`` Junior said. ``It`s my position to lose.``


text:
"Creamy miles of quiet….Giant swoop of blue." ~ Naomi Shihab Nye
I pull the car over, suddenly, a little bit recklessly
and ask you to take a photo
to capture that moment that I feel should last just a second longer
the tranquility, the stillness, the beauty
of that flash in our ordinary day.
I want to envelop it in pale pink satin and wrap it around me
gently forcing it into every pore of my skin and
pushing it deep into my core.
That twinkling of light, and silence,
and you
and creamy miles of quiet to come.
Words on silence inspired by January prompt-a-day with writealm.com.
Jennifer Wolfe
Latest posts by Jennifer Wolfe (see all)
- What To Say When Your Child Leaves For College - August 15, 2017
- My Heart Is Heavy As I Watch The Hate Unfold In Charlottesville Today - August 12, 2017
- 5 Things Teachers Should Do Before The First Day Of School - August 8, 2017


text:
The SourceForge Speed Test measures Latency/Ping, Jitter, Download Speed, Upload Speed, Buffer Bloat, and Packet Loss. Upon completion, you can view detailed reports about your connection. This HTML5 speed test does not require Flash or Java, and works on all devices including tablets and smartphones. Host on your own infrastructure or use ours. For licensing, inquire today.Advertisement
- OSI-Approved Open Source (46)
- Public Domain (2)
- Other License (1)
- Linux (47)
- Grouping and Descriptive Categories (33)
- Mac (24)
- Modern (24)
- Windows (24)
- Android (5)
- Other Operating Systems (3)
- Emulation and API Compatibility (2)
Top Apps
- Audio & Video
- Business & Enterprise
- Communications
- Development
- Home & Education
- Games
- Graphics
- Science & Engineering
- Security & Utilities
- System Administration
KDE Skeleton
KDE Skeleton for /etc/skel6 weekly downloads
RealTimeBattle is a programming game, in which robots controlled by programs are fighting each other. The goal is to destroy the enemies, using the radar to examine the environment and the cannon to shoot.3 weekly downloads
QMail-MySQL Handling Class1 weekly downloads
You're probably paying too much for cell phone service. Wirefly compares hundreds of plans to help you save. Enter what you need (minutes, data, texts) into Wirefly's innovative plan comparison tools and see your savings instantly.Advertisement
APISAdmin is a tool for simplifying the creation, migration, administration and maintenance of GNU/Linux-Servers in doctor's offices.
A(n) U(sefull) L(inux) A(rchive):
 - Securing eMail, ... (Like PopBeforeSend - but implemented as wrapper)
 - Mail2MySQL-Interface
 - (...)
 Done with: Perl, bash, PHP4
 Easy to understand. Without patching source or recompile.
Kickstart for Arch Linux
Automatic Morsecode BROadcasting System
Is Morse-Code on the way to die? Of course, if not used anymore... To increase the amount of Morse code transmissions, automatic stations are needed, processing interesting texts and transmitting them for human ears: Morse-Code Broadcasting!
ConfiMM is a WebServer Administration Suite. Will handle the following parts of a WebServer: Apache Virtualhosts, Posfix E-Mails, Proftpd, MySQL and later BIND. Supports 3 Userlevels: Admin, Reseller, User. Written in PHP+MYSQL and Bash
Today's small-to-medium-sized (SMB) businesses and large enterprises are saving on their monthly communications costs by making one simple decision: to switch to a VoIP service solution from their old, outdated Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS). By choosing a new VoIP service, these companies enjoy the flexibility, reliability, call features, and audio quality that only a VoIP service can provide. Plus, they cut their phone bill by up to 70%!Advertisement
ContactServer is a funky multiuser address book for social use.
DBox-II / TuxBox CDK-Doku
This project elucidates and documents the internals of the tuxbox-CrossDevelopmentKit. It leads you to your own, self made DBox2-Image and provides crossreference information on the entire CDK-software package.
A tool to tune your guitar by ear.
Enterprise Diskspace Monitoring System
EDiMoS is a multiplatform solution for centralized server-diskspace monitoring.It will show "df"-style output in a nicely formatted webpage.It's main goal is simplicity and a large number of supported platforms.It will be based on PHP&shell-/perlscripts
This project provides a firmware for an OpenWRT able router with the possability to download files automatically from one-click hosters such as rapidshare oder megaupload and lateron also from ftp-sites.
Freifunk-Firmware is a specialized Linux/OpenWRT distribution for LinkSys WRT54g wireless routers and similar devices. A web-based admin UI and a single firmware file for uploading will make it easy to join OLSR based WLAN community networks.
Humanoid, Robocup, Shanghai University
The RoboCup Team of Shanghai University (aka. Strive Team) is now devoting itself to the Humanoid League Contest. Many features like machine vision, pace generation, speech cognition, etc. of the humanoid robots is rising here in the following years.
IMAP Management via PHP
An IMAP-Management web interface for use with courier imap , procmail and any mta that delivers mail through procmail.
ISPtopia is an Open Source Web Hosting Contol Panel.
Linux for Surfstations
We are developing a linux distribution for DiskOnChip-based internet set-top-boxes
MangosWeb Reloaded
MangosWeb - Reloaded ist ein Content Management System (CMS) umgesetzt zur Unterstützenden Verwaltungssoftware für Mangos Server und Webseiten. Diese Version ist eine neue Mangosweb Version basierend auf MangosWeb.
MetalVZ Project
A content management system (CMS) for social networks, especially for music communities.
Mini Bash Backup
Short (linux) script which is used to backup complete or partial devices using bash builtin and very few 'external' binaries
MuGLIn GNU/Linux Installation
Multicast GNU/Linux Installation using udpcast for transfer and a custom script for installation and configuration. Supports installation of previously captured systems. Our new development site: https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/muglin/
NOC Assist
NOCAssist manages a web hosting company from colo to virtual-dedicated servers. Will alsos install/config (remote) up to 5 *NIX OSes. This program includes a CMS, Ticket system and a whole lot more.
Octyne is a powerful IRC to Internet Data connection service.
Open Descent Foundation
The Open Descent Foundation (ODF) is a community for developers, who want to help to create open source programs, tools, etc. for the famous games Descent1, -2 or -3. Everyone can join the ODF if he accepts the idea of writing open source programs.


text: The underground lab is a room in treacherous mansion. Retrieved from "http://luigi-mansion.wikia.com/wiki/Underground_Lab?oldid=20251" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Categories: Treacherous Mansion Treacherous Mansion Rooms Locations


text:
Dr. Jaime Murphy MD
- Internal Medicine Norwood, MA
Patient Reviews
Reviews reflect patients' level of satisfaction with the care they received from this provider. Dr. Jaime Murphy xhas an overall rating of 5.0.
Dr. Jaime Murphy, MD is a Doctor primarily located in Norwood, MA, with another office in Boston, MA. He has 13 years of experience. His specialties include Internal Medicine, Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Disease. Dr. Murphy is affiliated with Caritas St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston Medical Center and Caritas Norwood Hospital. He speaks English.
Find out the languages this doctor/ or staff may speak.
View all
Learn where this doctor attended medical school.
View all
Specialties & Expertise
Dr. Jaime Murphy has the following 3 areas of expertise, 3 specialties and 2 board certifications.
For the best health care, select a doctor who specializes in your medical condition.
View all
See areas of expertise for treating specific conditions, procedures and surgeries for this doctor.
View all
See the board certifications this doctor has received. Board certifications provide confidence that this doctor meets the nationally recognized standards for education, knowledge and experience.
View all
Health Guides
Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease in which your body is unable to maintain a normal blood sugar (glucose) level.
more health guides
Locations & Directions
Nearby Doctors
Dr. Jaime Murphy, MD is similar to these 3 Doctors near Norwood, MA.


text:
Textured leather Sam Edelman thong sandals styled with metallic hardware. Slingback buckle strap. Synthetic sole. Leather: Cowhide. Imported, China.
Soft leather DVF sandals, styled with a tapered toe ring for a comfortable fit. Rubber sole. Leather: Sheepskin. Imported, China.
Smooth leather Swedish Hasbeens clogs with a logo-embossed ankle strap. Buckle closure. Chunky wooden heel and platform. Lug sole. Leather: Cowhide. Imported, Romania. Measurements Heel: 3.25in / 80mm Platform: 1.25in / 30mm
A slim metallic accent details the T-strap on these casual Ipanema sandals. Ankle strap with button closure. Rubber sole. Fabric: Rubber. Imported, Brazil.
A simple cutwork design adds a graphic touch to these nubuck Dolce Vita sandals. Lace-up closure with ankle ties. Cork wedge heel. Man-made sole. Leather: Cowhide. Imported, China. Measurements Heel: 3in / 75mm
A laser-cut logo adds a signature touch to these striped patent Tory Burch thong sandals. Rubber sole. Leather: Cowhide. Imported, Brazil.
Versatile Joie sandals styled with wide, nubuck straps. Lightly padded footbed and hidden elastic at the instep. Inset, stacked heel and leather sole. Leather: Cowhide. Imported, China. Measurements Heel: 3.75in / 95mm
Versatile Madewell sandals crafted in suede. Wraparound ankle strap with buckle closure. Covered, block heel. Manmade sole. Leather: Sheepskin. Imported, China. Measurements Heel: 3in / 76mm
Snake-embossed, metallic faux leather adds eye-catching style to these signature Sam Edelman flat sandals. Ankle strap with buckle closure. Lightly padded footbed. Synthetic sole. Fabric: Faux leather. Imported, China.
Delicate straps lace up these refined Madewell gladiator sandals. Ankle ties. Crepe sole. Leather: Cowhide. Imported, Brazil.


text:
Click image to enlarge
Base gallery. Lateral/Underside. Pinned specimen.
Photo: Alex Dumchus. Image redone at the website. Identified by: Dmitriy Pozhogin
Place of shooting/catching: Malaysia
Please, create an account or log in to add comments.
* Our website is multilingual. Some comments have been translated from other languages.
All large size images of Parantica aspasia on one page
Please, create an account or log in to upload your photo
Ecpyrrhorrhoe rubiginalis (Hubner, 1796)
Idioptera pulchella Meigen, 1830
Cheilosia illustrata Harris, 1780


text:
SHOCKING footage has emerged of a pair of motorists embroiled in a bizarre road rage brawl – which saw them slap each other with their flip-flops.
The two men – a motorist and a lorry driver – clashed in heavy traffic in Sochi in south-western Russia.
As they squared up to each other on the tarmac, the car driver is seen body slamming his opponent in a brutal assault.
Ignoring the pleas of a woman trying to break them apart, they continue to swing punches and martial arts-style kicks as they both lose their shoes.
Then the car driver – stripped to just a pair of shorts – hauls the trucker off the ground and uses a wrestling pile-driver throw to dump him over the side of a barrier at the side of the road.
But that's not the end of it, as the trucker then picks himself up, vaults the barrier and continues the attack on the other man.
most read in world
'YOU KILLED MY DAUGHTER!'Grandpa screams in horror after his mum-of-three daughter is 'sliced in half' by a hospital LIFT moments after giving birth
LAST BASTARD KILLEDOn-the-run terrorist who drove van in Barcelona massacre shot dead by Spanish police while wearing fake suicide vest
TWIST IN THE TALEInventor claims Swedish journalist died in mysterious submarine 'accident' and he dumped body overboard
HOW DID SHE LIVE?Heart-stopping moment little girl playing outside car park has HEAD run over but walks away
SUPERMARKET CREEPSuspected pervert behind bars accused of stalking women and spraying them with his semen in supermarkets
BUNGEE CHUMPHeart-stopping moment teen girl's bungee cord snaps sending her plummeting 130ft into river after operator's blunder
PEACE OUTWith tensions between the US and North Korea escalating, here's how likely we are to see World War 3
UF-WOAH!Tourist filming out his car window left terrified when he spots mystery object whizzing through sky
HUNT FOR TERROR DRIVERChilling CCTV images show-on-the-run Las Ramblas massacre driver fleeing calmly on foot moments after killing 13 in Barcelona
WHAT THE HELL IS IT?Mutant pig looks like a CHIMPANZEE with a single 'cyclops' eye in the middle of its forehead
By this point, both men seem so exhausted they are down to slapping each other with their flip-flops.
The footage – now watched by tens of thousands on social media – ends with the drivers parting and heading to their vehicles.
The bizarre scrap has become a huge hit with social media watchers.
One – named as 'Aleks Thomas' – said: "These two are hilarious. Haven't had such a good laugh in a while."
Last week, we reported on similar dramatic footage taken in London, which showed a brutal road rage brawl in the middle of rush hour.
Two men were seen laying into each other in the clip – with one whipping the other with his belt amid gridlocked traffic in New Cross, South East London.
We pay for your stories! Do you have a story for The Sun Online news team? Email us at email@example.com or call 0207 782 4368


text:
NIACL, Mumbai Notification 2014-Officer (Scale-I) Vacancies : NIACL (New India Assurance Company Limited), Mumbai has issued Notification for Recruitment of 509 Officer (Scale-I) Posts, the eligible candidates can apply before 03rd November 2014 through online (www.newindia.co.in). Further details regarding Pay Scale, notification file will be available now here.
Important dates remember :
Online Application commencing date : 11th October 2014.
Closing date of Online Registration : 03rd November 2014.
Posts and Vacancy Details :
New India Assurance Company Limited invited 509 Officer (Scale-I) posts.
Education Qualifications :
Candidates should be qualified Graduation in any discipline or equivalent Examination pass.
Age Limit :
Minimum age limit – 21 years
Maximum age limit – 30 years as on 01/10/2014.
Pay Scale :
Monthly Remuneration Scale Rs.17240-32640/-
Visit official Website
How to Apply :
Interested candidates would be required to apply online through NAICL official website and filled all respect details of online application should be registered on before 03/11/2014.